Guide For The Interpretation Of Coded Crash Reports From Analysis System (CAS) To

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Document name
Guide for the
interpretation of coded
crash reports from the
crash
analysis system
(CAS)
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NZ Transport Agency
Published February 2014
ISBN 978-0-478-41920-7 (online)
If you have further queries, call our contact centre on
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NZ Transport Agency Guide for the interpretation of coded crash reports from CAS January 2014 page 1
Record of amendment
Amendment
number
Description of change
Effective date
Updated by
NZ Transport Agency Guide for the interpretation of coded crash reports from CAS January 2014 page 2
Contents
Introduction 3
Key to crash listing 4
CAS listing 4
Listing interpretation 5
Contact details 11
Appendix 1: Vehicle movement coding sheet 12
Appendix 2: Factors probably contributing to crashes 13
NZ Transport Agency Guide for the interpretation of coded crash reports from CAS January 2014 page 3
Introduction
The national traffic crash database is owned and managed by the NZ Transport Agency.
The crash analysis system, (CAS), database provides safety information both for day to day operational needs,
and for long term strategic planning. To assist our partners in this work Transport Agency staff from the CAS
team can provide some advice and support. They can provide output from database queries in a range of reports
and tables in both paper and electronic formats for further manipulation. Data exports are also available on
request in a range of formats, eg for spreadsheets for mapping packages or for geographic information systems,
(GIS).
For information or to discuss data exports contact: CAS.Info@nzta.govt.nz
The coded crash listing is one of the basic tools for transport safety work. This document is to assist both the
casual and the experienced user to confidently interpret coded crash listing reports from the CAS package.
Traffic crash data is entered directly into CAS as it arrives from the New Zealand Police so the database is a live
database and is continually changing as data is entered and edited.
NZ Transport Agency Guide for the interpretation of coded crash reports from CAS January 2014 page 4
Key to crash listing
CAS listing
A standard coded listing example:
2
1
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10, 11 & 12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20 21
22
23
26
25
24
NZ Transport Agency Guide for the interpretation of coded crash reports from CAS January 2014 page 5
Listing interpretation
1.
Key
(optional)
The key provides a sequential number for each crash in the listing, or within each site if the data is
grouped into sites. The key is not unique to the crash and may relate to a different crash if the listing is
sorted another way.
2.
Site centre (optional)
Where the crashes have been grouped into sites, this variable provides the location of the centroid of the
site, (the centre of the site of user selected radius). This is in terms of the New Zealand Transverse
Mercator, (NZTM) projection. The values are given as an easting and northing to the nearest metre.
3.
First street
This is the name of the street, road or state highway on which the crash occurred. It is written in full,
except for ‘street’ which is shortened to ‘ST’. For long road names, (especially for hyphenated road
names), there may be some further shortening by truncation, down to 25 characters, eg Masterton-
Castlepoint Road will become:
MASTERTON-CASTLEPOINT ROA or
MASTERTON-CASTLEPOINT RD
If the first street is a state highway, it may be presented as a number made up of three sections. These
three sections represent the ‘route position’, (RP), a linear method of describing a location on a route, eg
2/451/2.342. This can be broken down as:
• State Highway (SH) – SH 2
• Reference Station (RS) – 451
• Displacement (Displ) – 2.342km from RS451, (in the increasing direction of the highway).
In sections of highway that run through a town or city the state highway may, (but not always), also have
the urban street name included, eg 2/661/9.983 Karamu.
Some short highways that perform a particular network function, eg a spur highway to a tourist
destination, or a link between two other highways. Such a highway may be named with an alphabetic
character following the number, which may already be allocated to a longer highway, eg SH 20A, SH 8B.
Note:
Reports can be produced with ‘simple route positions’ which only list the state highway number, (eg SH
2). This is an option available when preparing the report. This is also the case if the route position is not
known, i.e. if the crash has not been assigned map coordinates within the database, (called geocoding).
Where crashes are not on a road, abbreviations are often used to identify common locations eg FCT =
service station forecourt, CPK = car park, BCH = beach. DWY or DWAY = driveway.
In general, off road crashes are identified by the prefix ‘Z’ eg Z FCT Shell, Z Waimakariri River south bank.
4.
Distance and direction (DIR)
The distance given is in metres from the second street or landmark, (see 5 below), along the road to the
crash site, eg 50 represents 50 metres, 1500 represents 1.5km.
Note:
The distance should be considered approximate as it may reflect where the crash vehicle(s) stopped
moving rather than where the crash started, and in rural areas there can be large distances between the
crash location and a second street or landmark, with consequent potential for inaccurate measurement.
The CAS Processing Team staff put significant effort into resolving such issues. If you find a crash
location, or other aspect of the crash data that you know to be incorrect, contact the Transport Agency
NZ Transport Agency Guide for the interpretation of coded crash reports from CAS January 2014 page 6
help desk: info@nzta.govt.nz or 0800 805 263. The matter will be investigated and you will be advised
of the outcome.
Direction from the second street or landmark is indicated by a one letter code as follows:
N = north
S = south
E = east
W = west.
If the crash is at an intersection eg Colombo St, Western Valley Road, or at a landmark, eg Oaro Saddle,
Hope Riv Br, this is indicated as follows:
I = at intersection with
A = at landmark.
5.
Second street or landmark
A crash is located from a second street or landmark. The second street must be a side street that
intersects the first street, preferably the side street closest to the crash location. A landmark is used
where there is no nearby second street, and is usually a prominent and reasonably permanent feature that
is likely to be on a map, eg bridge (BR), summit (SUM), overbridge (OBR), railway level crossing (rail
xing).
Note:
When the side road is a state highway only the state highway number is given, eg SH 2.
Alternatively, the underlying road name for the highway may be used.
6.
Crash number
The crash number is a unique seven or nine digit reference number assigned to each crash by the
Transport Agency. This number includes the crash year, (the year in which the crash occurred), and a five
digit sequence.
The crash year precedes the crash number, (YYXXXXX), eg for 1998 crashes the number is shown as
98XXXXX, and for 2010 as 2010XXXXX.
Note:
The following conventions have been adopted for 21st century crashes:
2000 identified by prefix 20
2001 identified by prefix 21
2002 identified by prefix 22, etc.
From 2010 the characters representing the year were increased to four digits:
2010 identified by 2010
2011 identified by 2011, etc
7.
Date and day
Crash date format is DD/MM/YYYY (day/month/year). Day format is DDD (eg Mon = Monday)
8.
Time
The 24 hour clock format is used to describe the time of day.
9.
Movement code (MVMT)
The vehicle movement code is a two letter code that identifies the principal movements of the vehicle or
vehicles involved in the crash. The available codes are detailed in the Vehicle Movement Coding Sheet,
NZ Transport Agency Guide for the interpretation of coded crash reports from CAS January 2014 page 7
(see Appendix 1). The first letter identifies the row and the second letter identifies the column, eg BC
identifies row B, (a head-on crash), column C, (swinging wide), type of movement.
10.
Key vehicle (V1)
The key vehicle, (V1), which is assigned the crash role number of 1, is the vehicle travelling in the direction
indicated by the darker, (bold), arrow in the diagram on the Vehicle Movement Coding Sheet. The role
number of a vehicle identifies the role that vehicle played in the crash event, or, in crashes involving more
than two vehicles, the order in which the vehicle became involved.
Note:
The vehicle role
does not in any way
indicate driver fault.
The following codes are used to represent different vehicle types:
C = car T = truck
V = van, ute M = motorcycle
X = taxi or taxi van P = moped
B = bus S = bicycle
L = school bus O = other or unknown
SUV or 4X4 vehicle
11.
Movement direction key (DRN)
In order to identify the direction in which the key vehicle was travelling, and on which road it was
travelling, a direction and number is given. The letter indicates the direction of travel and the number
indicates the road on which the key vehicle was travelling.
For the following cases, the key vehicle was travelling:
N1 = north on first street
S1 = south on first street
E1 = east on first street
W1 = west on first street
N2 = north on second street
S2 = south on second street
E2 = east on second street
W2 = west on second street.
12.
V2, V3, V4 etc (Other vehicle(s) or road users)
The codes are same as those for V1 above plus the following additional code letters for non-motorised
vehicles.
E = pedestrian
K = skateboard, in-line skater etc
Q = equestrian
H = wheeled pedestrian (wheelchairs etc)
O = other or unknown.
13.
Factors and roles
The factor codes are a set of three digit numerical codes that identify reasons why the crash occurred.
They are grouped into related categories, (see Appendix 2). These factors are coded after consideration
NZ Transport Agency Guide for the interpretation of coded crash reports from CAS January 2014 page 8
of the written explanation of what happened in the drivers’, the witnesses', and any other involved parties'
statements, and in the Police descriptions and comments.
A letter after the factor code indicates the vehicle or driver to which that factor applies. ‘A’ applies to V1;
‘B’ applies to V2, etc, eg 301B indicates that the driver of vehicle 2 failed to give way at a stop sign.
As well as describing driver and vehicle-related factors, there are also codes for other aspects of a crash
such as the road conditions and the environmental conditions. These environmental factor codes are
numbered from 800 onwards.
Note:
Driver and vehicle factor codes were not added to non-injury crashes in the areas north of a line
approximately from East Cape, south of Taupo, to the mouth of the Mokau River prior to 2007.
Note:
All contributing factors may not be shown in the listing due to space limitations on the report.
14.
Objects struck
During a crash the vehicle(s) involved may strike objects either in the roadway or on the roadside. Since
the same vehicle might not have struck all the objects involved, each object is linked to the vehicle that hit
it, but this is not shown on the listing.
The coded crash listings show only the first three objects struck. The same object type may appear twice
but only if it has been struck by different vehicles.
Note:
If one vehicle strikes the same object type more than once (ie 2 parked cars) then only the first is coded.
The following is a guide to the different object type codes:
A = driven or accompanied animals, i.e. under control
B = bridge abutment, handrail or approach, includes tunnels
C = upright cliff or bank, retaining walls
D = debris, boulder or object dropped from vehicle
E = over edge of bank
F = fence, letterbox, hoarding etc.
G = guard or guide rail (including median barriers)
H = house or building
I = traffic island or median strip
J = public furniture, eg phone boxes, bus shelters, signal controllers, etc
K = kerb, when directly contributing to incident
L = landslide, washout or floodwater
M = parked motor vehicle
N = train
P = utility pole, includes lighting columns
Q = broken down vehicle, workmen’s vehicle, taxis picking up, etc
R = roadwork signs or drums, holes and excavations, etc
S = traffic signs or signal bollards
T = trees, shrubbery of a substantial nature
NZ Transport Agency Guide for the interpretation of coded crash reports from CAS January 2014 page 9
V = ditch
W = wild animal, strays, or out of control animals
X = other
Y = objects thrown at or dropped onto vehicles
Z = into water, river or sea.
15.
Curve
This is the degree of horizontal curvature of the road at the crash location, as described by the reporting
police officer. The following codes are used:
R = Straight road
E = Easy curve
M = Moderate curve
S = Severe curve.
16.
Wetness (WETNES)
Shows the wetness of the road surface at the time of the crash, if recorded, as follows:
W = Wet
D = Dry
I = Ice or snow.
17.
Light
The light conditions at the time of the crash are described by a one or two letter code where the first letter
refers to natural light, and the second to artificial light. The second letter is only used if the crash occurred
in dark or twilight conditions.
Natural light conditions (first letter):
B = Bright sun
O = Overcast
T = Twilight
D = Dark.
If the natural light conditions are T or D, the artificial lighting (second letter) is:
O = street lights on
F = street lights off
N = No street lights present.
18.
Weather (WETHER)
The weather conditions are described as follows:
F = Fine
M = Mist/fog
L = Light rain
H = Heavy rain
S = Snow.
There are also optional second letters available for particular weather conditions:
NZ Transport Agency Guide for the interpretation of coded crash reports from CAS January 2014 page 10
F = Frost
S = Strong wind.
eg FF = fine and frosty, HS = heavy rain and strong wind.
19.
Junction (JUNCT)
A junction code may be used when the crash is within 30 metres of an intersection, but is required only if
the crash is 10 metres or less from an intersection.
D = driveway (entrance to a public or private property that is not a road)
R = roundabout (any number of legs)
X = crossroads
T = T junction
Y = Y junction
M = multi-leg (more than 4 legs entering or leaving the intersection).
Note:
When one of the vehicles involved is attempting to enter or leave a driveway at an intersection location,
the driveway code takes precedence.
20.
Control (CONTRL)
If controls are present at the location of the crash and they are recorded they are listed as follows:
T = traffic signals
S = stop sign
G = give way sign
P = school patrol or warden
N = nil.
Note:
The control is related to the junction and need not apply to the vehicle(s) involved in the crash. Priority
control, (S or G), may also be shown at junctions that are known to be signalised, eg free, or give way
controlled, left turns.
21.
Markings (MARKS)
The following codes are used to indicate what road markings were present at the crash location, if
recorded by the attending officer. Only one marking is recorded. The list below is ordered in significance
ranking, ie a pedestrian crossing is considered to be more important than a centre line, although both may
be present at the crash location.
X = pedestrian crossing
R = raised island
P = painted island
L = no passing line
C = centre line
N = nil.
NZ Transport Agency Guide for the interpretation of coded crash reports from CAS January 2014 page 11
22.
Speed limit (SPDLMT)
This shows the posted speed limit at the crash location, at the time of the crash, in kilometres per hour.
The following codes may also be found:
U = unknown
LSZ = limited speed zone.
23.
Total injuries (TOTAL INJ)
There are three columns in this section. They list the number of casualties, (people injured), resulting
from the crash, separated into the following categories:
FAT = fatal injuries (where death is within 30 days and was as a result of the crash)
SER = serious injuries, includes broken bones, concussion etc
MIN = minor injuries, includes cuts, sprains, bruises etc.
Note:
This section is left blank for non-injury crashes.
24.
Pedestrian age (PEDage)
Age of any pedestrian injured. If more than one pedestrian is injured, the age of the youngest pedestrian
below 20 years old is shown; otherwise this shows the age of the oldest pedestrian.
25.
Cyclist age (CYCage)
Age of any injured cyclist. If more than one cyclist is injured, the age of the youngest cyclist below 20
years old is shown; otherwise this shows the age of the oldest cyclist.
26.
Map coordinates (optional)
This shows the location of the crash in terms of the New Zealand Transverse Mercator, (NZTM) system.
The values are given as an easting and northing to the nearest metre.
If the easting and northing are unknown it will be blank.
Contact details
If you have any questions or general inquiries in regard to this document please contact the CAS Analysis Team
at CAS.Info@nzta.govt.nz or the Transport Agency help desk at 0800 805 263, or info@nzta.govt.nz.
NZ Transport Agency Guide for the interpretation of coded crash reports from CAS January 2014 page 12
Appendix 1: Vehicle movement coding sheet
NZ Transport Agency Guide for the interpretation of coded crash reports from CAS January 2014 page 13
Appendix 2: Factors probably contributing to crashes
Driver control
100
Alcohol or drugs
101 Alcohol suspected
102 Alcohol test below limit
103 Alcohol test above limit or test refused
104 Alcohol test result unknown
105 Intoxicated non-driver (pedestrian / cyclist / passenger)
106 (MOT only) dead driver not suspect, tested neg
107 Drug test result unknown
108 Drugs suspected
109 Drugs proven
110
Too fast for conditions
111 Cornering
112 On straight
113 To give way at intersection
114 Approaching railway crossing
115 When passing stationary school bus
116 At temporary speed limit
117 At crash or emergency
120
Failed to keep left
121 Swung wide on bend
122 Swung wide at intersection
123 Cutting corner on bend
124 Cutting corner at intersection
125 On straight section
126 Vehicle crossed raised median
127 Driving or riding abreast (cyclists more than 2 abreast)
128 Wandering or wobbling
129 Too far left / right
130
Lost control
131 When turning
132 Under heavy braking
133 Under heavy acceleration
134 While returning to seal from unsealed shoulder
135 Due to road conditions (requires road series code)
136 Due to vehicle fault (requires vehicle series code)
137 Avoiding another vehicle, pedestrian, party or obstacle on
roadway
138 On unsealed road
139 End of seal
140
Failed to signal in time
141 When moving to left, pulling over to left
142 When turning left
143 When pulling out or moving to the right
144 When turning right
145 Incorrect Signal
150
Overtaking
151 Overtaking line of traffic or queue
152 Deliberately in the face of oncoming traffic
153 Failed to notice oncoming traffic
154 Misjudged speed or distance of oncoming traffic
155 At no passing line
156 With insufficient visibility
157 At an intersection without due care
158 On left without due care
159 Cut in after overtaking
160 Vehicle signalling right turn
161 Without care at a pedestrian crossing
170
Wrong lane or turned from wrong position
171 Turned right from incorrect lane
172 Turned left from incorrect lane
173 Travelled straight ahead from turning lane or flush median
174 Turned right from left side of road
175 Turned left from near centre line
176 Turned into incorrect lane
177 Weaving or cut in on multi-lane roads
178 Moved left to avoid slow vehicle
179 Long vehicle tracked outside lane
180
In line of traffic
181 Following too closely
182 Travelling unreasonably slowly
183 Motorist crowded cyclist
184 Incorrect merging /diverging manoeuvre
190
Sudden action
191 Braked
192 Turned left
193 Turned right
194 Swerved to avoid pedestrian
195 Swerved to avoid animal
196 Swerved to avoid crash or broken down vehicle
197 Swerved to avoid vehicle
198 Swerved to avoid object or for unknown reason
199 Avoiding approaching emergency vehicle
200
Forbidden movements
201 Wrong way in one way street, motorway or roundabout
202 When turning or U turning contrary to a sign
203 Contrary to ‘in’ or ‘out’ only driveway sign
204 Driving or riding on footpath
205 On incorrect side of road, island or median
206 Contrary to ‘no entry’ sign
207 In Car Park
208 Motor vehicle in cycle lane
209 Bus / Transit lane
210 Cyclist riding on ped-xing / ped signals
Vehicle conflicts
300
Failed to give way
301 At Stop sign
302 At Give Way sign
303 When turning to non-turning traffic
304 When deemed turning by markings, not geometry
305 When turning left, to opposing right turning traffic (NOT
for crashes occurring after 5am 25th March 2012)
306 To pedestrian on a crossing
307 When turning at signals to pedestrians
308 When entering roadway from driveway
309 To traffic approaching or crossing from the right
310 Failed to give way at one lane bridge / road
311 Failed to give way to pedestrian on footpath or verge
312 Entering roadway not from driveway or intersection
313 To emergency vehicle
314 Driver waved through
315 When turning right to opposing left turning traffic (for
crashes occurring after 5am 25th March 2012)
316 To traffic approaching or crossing from the left. (for
crashes occurring after 5am 25th March 2012
320
Did not stop
321 At stop sign
322 At steady red light
323 At steady red arrow
324 At steady amber light
325 At steady amber arrow
326 At flashing red lights (Rail Xing, Fire Stn etc)
327 For police or flag-person
NZ Transport Agency Guide for the interpretation of coded crash reports from CAS January 2014 page 14
328 For school patrol / kea crossing
330
Inattentive: failed to notice
331 Vehicle slowing, stopping or stationary in front
332 Bend in road
333 Indication of vehicle in front
334 Traffic lights
335 Intersection or its Stop / Give Way control
336 Other regulatory sign / markings
337 Warning sign
338 Direction, information signs / markings
339 Road-works signs
340 Lane use arrows / markings?
341 Obstructions on Roadway
350
Attention diverted by:
351 Passengers
352 Scenery or persons outside vehicle
353 Other traffic
354 Animal or insect in vehicle
355 Trying to find intersection, house number, destination
356 Advertising or signs
357 Emotionally upset /road rage
358 Cigarette, radio, heater, AC, glove box, obj under drivers
feet/pedals etc
359 Cell phone
360
361 Navigation device
362 CB radio/ non cell comms device
363 Driver dazzled
370
Did not see or look for another party until too late
371 Behind when reversing / manoeuvring
372 Behind when changing lanes position or direction (includes
U-turns)
373 Behind when pulling out from parked position
374 Behind when opening door or leaving vehicle
375 When required to give way to traffic from another
direction
376 When required to give way to pedestrians.
377 When visibility obstructed by other vehicles
378 When visibility limited by roadside features
379 When first in queue on receiving green light
380
Misjudged speed, distance, size or position of:
381 Other vehicle coming from behind or alongside
382 Other vehicle coming from another direction with right of
way
383 Pedestrian movement or intention
384 Towed vehicle, or while towing a vehicle
385 Size or position of fixed object or obstacle
386 Of own vehicle
387 Misjudged intentions of another party
General driver
400
Inexperience
401 In driving in fast, complex or heavy traffic
402 New driver showed inexperience
403 Driving unfamiliar vehicle
404 Overseas / migrant driver fails to adjust to NZ road rules
and road conditions
405 Driver under instruction
406 At towing trailer / other vehicle
407 Driver over-reacted
408 Unsupervised cyclist
410
Fatigue (drowsy, tired, fell asleep)
411 Long trip
412 Lack of sleep
413 Exhaust fumes
414 Worked long hours before driving
415 Exceeded driving hours
420
Incorrect use of vehicle controls
421 Started in gear
422 Stalled engine
423 Wrong pedal
424 Footrest, stand
425 Ignition turned off (steering locked)
426 Lights not switched on
427 Foot slipped or caught under pedal
428 Parking brake not fully applied
429 Trailer coupling or safety chain not secured
430
Showing off
431 Racing
432 Playing chicken
433 Wheel spins / wheelies / doughnuts / drifting
434 Intimidating driving
440
Parked or stopped
441 Inadequately lit at night: (not lit by street lights or park
lights off)
442 At point of limited visibility
443 Not as close as practicable to side of road
444On incorrect side of road
445 Double parked
446 In 'No Stopping' area
447 Not clear of rail crossing
448 In cycle or Transit lane
General person
500
Illness and disability
501 Illness with no warning eg heart attack, unexpected
epilepsy)
502 Physically disabled
503 Defective vision
504 Medical illness (not sudden) flu, diabetes
505 Mental illness (depression, psychosis)
506 Suicidal (but not successful)
507 Impaired ability due to old age
510
Intentional or criminal
511 Deliberate homicide (only if succeeded)
512 Intentional collision
513 Committed suicide (only if succeeded)
514 Evading enforcement
515 Object deliberately thrown at or dropped on vehicle / shot
at
516 Object thrown from vehicle
517 Stolen vehicle
520
Driver or passenger, boarding, leaving , in vehicle
521 Boarding moving vehicle
522 Intentionally leaving moving vehicle
523 Riding in insecure position
524 Interfered with driver
525 Opened door inadvertently
526 Overloaded vehicle (with passengers)
527 Child playing in parked vehicle
530
Miscellaneous person
531 Casualty drowned
532 Casualty thrown from vehicle
533 Equestrian not keeping to verge
534 Cyclist or M/cyclist wearing dark clothing
Vehicles
600
Lights and reflectors at fault or dirty
601 Dazzling headlights
602 Headlights inadequate or no headlights
603 Headlights failed suddenly
NZ Transport Agency Guide for the interpretation of coded crash reports from CAS January 2014 page 15
604 Brake-lights or indicators faulty or not fitted
605 Tail-lights inadequate or no tail-lights
606 Reflectors inadequate or no reflectors
607 Lights or reflectors obscured
610
Brakes
611 Parking brake failed
612 Parking brake defective
613 Service brake failed
614 Service brake defective
615 Jack-knifed
620
Steering
621 Defective
622 Failed suddenly
630
Tyres
631 Puncture or blow-out
632 Worn tread on tyre
633 Incorrect tyre type
634 Mixed treads / space savers
640
Windscreen or mirror
641 Shattered windscreen
642 Windscreen or rear window dirty
643 Rear vision mirror not adjusted correctly
644 No rear vision mirror
645 Windscreen or rear window misted/frosted
646 Inadequate or no sun-visors
647 Inadequate or no windscreen wipers
648 Cycle / Motorcycle visor, glasses, goggles or screen
650
Mechanical
651 Engine failure
652 Transmission failure (including chains and gears)
653 Accelerator or throttle jammed
660
Body or chassis
661 Body, chassis or frame (cycle, m/c) failure
662 Suspension failure
663 Failure of door catch or door not shut
664 Inadequate mudguards
665 Inadequate tow coupling
666 Inadequate or no safety chain
667 Bonnet catch failed
668 Wheel off
669 Broken axle
670 Inconspicuous colour
671 Blind spot
672 Seat belt / restraint failed
673 Air-bag failed to inflate (fully)
680
Load
681 Load interferes with driver
682 Not well secured or load moved
683 Over-hanging
684 Load obscured vision
685 Excess dimensions not adequately indicated
686 Over dimension vehicle or load
687 Load too heavy
688 Towed vehicle or trailer too heavy or incompatible
690
Miscellaneous vehicle
691 Emergency Vehicle attending emergency
692 Vehicle caught fire
693 Being towed
694 Air-bag contributed to crash or injury
695 Seatbelt / restraint absent or unusable
696 Dangerous goods
Pedestrians
700
Walking along road
701 Not keeping to footpath
702 Not keeping to side of road
703 Not facing oncoming traffic
704 Not on outside of blind curve
705 Wheeled ped inconsiderate or dangerous on footpath
710
Crossing road
711 Walking heedless of traffic
712 Stepping out from behind vehicles
713 Running heedless of traffic
714 Failed to use pedestrian crossing when one within 20
metres
715 Waiting on roadway for moving traffic
716 Confused by traffic or stepped back
717 Suddenly stepped onto pedestrian crossing
718 Not complying with traffic signals or school patrols
719 Misjudged speed and / or distance of vehicle
720
Miscellaneous
721 Pushing, working on or unloading vehicle
722 Playing on road or unnecessarily on road
723 Working on road
724 Wearing dark clothing
725 Vision obscured by umbrella or clothing
726 Child escaped from supervision
727 Unsupervised child
728 Sitting / lying on road
729 Pedestrian to /from school bus
730 Pedestrian behind reversing / manoeuvring vehicle
731 Overseas pedestrian
732 Pedestrian attention diverted eg cigarette, cell phone,
music player
Road
800
Slippery
801 Rain
802 Frost or ice
803 Snow or hail
804 Loose material on seal
805 Mud
806 Oil / Diesel / Fuel
807 Painted markings
808 Recently graded
809 Surface bleeding / defective
810
Surface
811 Potholed
812 Uneven
813 Deep loose metal
814 High crown
815 Curve not well banked
816 Edge badly defined or gave way
817 Under construction or maintenance
818 Unusually narrow
819 Broken glass
820
Obstructed
821 Fallen tree or branch
822 Slip or subsidence
823 Flood waters, large puddles, ford
824 Road works not adequately lighted
825 Road works not adequately signposted
826 Roadside object fell on vehicle
827 Object flicked up by vehicle
NZ Transport Agency Guide for the interpretation of coded crash reports from CAS January 2014 page 16
830
Visibility limited
831 Curve
832 Crest
833 Building
834 Trees
835 Hedge or fence
836 Scrub or long grass
837 Bank
838 Temporary obstruction, dust or smoke
839 Parked vehicle
840
Signs and signals
841 Damaged, removed or malfunction
842 Badly located
843 Ineffective or inadequate
844 Necessary
845 Signals turned off
850
Markings
851 Faded
852 Difficult to see under weather conditions
853 Markings necessary
854 Not visible due to geometry or vehicles
855 Old markings not adequately removed
860
Street lighting
861 Failed
862 Inadequate
863 Glare on wet road
864 Pedestrian crossing not adequately lighted
870
Raised islands and roundabouts
871 Traffic island(s) difficult to see
872 Traffic island(s) Ineffective, badly located or designed
873 Cyclist squeeze point
Miscellaneous
900
Weather
901 Heavy rain
902 Dazzling sun
903 Strong wind
904 Fog or mist
905 Snow, sleet or hail
910
Animals
911 Household pet rushed out or playing
912 Farm animal straying
913 Farm animal attended, but inadequate warning or
unexpected
914 Farm animal attended, but out of control
915 Wild animal
920
Entering or leaving land use
921 Roadside stall
922 Service station
923 Specialised liquor outlet
924 Take away foods
925 Shopping complex
926 Car parking building / area
927 Other commercial
928 Industrial site
929 Private house / farm
930 Other non-commercial
931 Mobile shop or vendor
970
Unconverted old codes
977 Old 920: Equestrian
978 Old 950: Miscellaneous
979 Old 960: Special Codes
981 Old 131: Swinging wide on bend or intersection
982 Old 138: Lost control - head on collision
983 Old 147: When changing lanes
984 Old 157: Cut in
985 Old 188: At steady red/amber arrows
986 Old 225: Wrong way in one way street or other forbidden
movement
987 Old 235: Misjudged speed of other vehicle
988 Old 236: Misjudged distance, size or position of vehicle
989 Old 238: In controlling skid
990 Old 273: Defective vision or illness (not sudden)
991 Old 503: In face of traffic
992 Old 504: Opened door in path of another party
993 Old 512: Interfered with driver or overloaded vehicle
994 Old 737: Physical defect or old age
995 Old 738: Unattended child
996 Old 952: Suicide
997 Old 400: Specific cyclist faults
998 Old 930: Bicycle faults

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