National Vital Statistics Reports, Volume 61, Number 6, 10/10/2012 45 Nvsr61 06
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National Vital
Statistics Reports
Volume 61, Number 6
October 10, 2012
Deaths: Preliminary Data for 2011
by Donna L. Hoyert, Ph.D., and Jiaquan Xu, M.D., Division of Vital Statistics
Abstract
Objectives—This report presents preliminary U.S. data on
deaths, death rates, life expectancy, leading causes of death, and
infant mortality for 2011 by selected characteristics such as age, sex,
race, and Hispanic origin.
Methods—Data in this report are based on death records com
prising more than 98 percent of the demographic and medical files for
all deaths in the United States in 2011. The records are weighted to
independent control counts for 2011. Comparisons are made with 2010
final data.
Results—The age-adjusted death rate decreased from 747.0
deaths per 100,000 population in 2010 to 740.6 deaths per 100,000
population in 2011. From 2010 to 2011, age-adjusted death rates
decreased significantly for 5 of the 15 leading causes of death: Dis
eases of heart, Malignant neoplasms, Cerebrovascular diseases,
Alzheimer’s disease, and Nephritis, nephrotic syndrome and nephrosis.
The age-adjusted death rate increased for six leading causes of death:
Chronic lower respiratory diseases, Diabetes mellitus, Influenza and
pneumonia, Chronic liver disease and cirrhosis, Parkinson’s disease,
and Pneumonitis due to solids and liquids. Life expectancy remained
the same in 2011 as it had been in 2010 at 78.7 years.
Keywords: death rates c life expectancy c vital statistics c mortality
Introduction
This report presents preliminary mortality data for the United
States based on vital records for a substantial proportion of deaths
occurring in 2011. Statistics in preliminary reports are generally
considered reliable; past analyses reveal that most statistics shown in
preliminary reports were confirmed by the final statistics for each of
those years (1–3).
Data Sources and Methods
Preliminary data in this report are based on records of deaths
that occurred in calendar year 2011, which were received from state
vital statistics offices and processed by the Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention’s National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS)
as of June 12, 2012. Estimates of the level of completeness of
preliminary data for each state are shown in Table I (see Technical
Notes). Detailed information on the nature, sources, and qualifica
tions of the preliminary data is given in the Technical Notes.
Each state vital statistics office reported to NCHS the number of
deaths registered and processed for calendar year 2011. Those state
counts were used as independent control counts for NCHS’ 2011
preliminary national mortality file. A comparison of a) the number of
2011 death records received from the states for processing by NCHS
with b) the state’s independent control counts of the number of deaths
in 2011 indicates that demographic information from death certificates
for the United States was available for an estimated 98.9 percent of
infant deaths (under age 1 year) and 99.4 percent of deaths of persons
aged 1 year and over occurring in calendar year 2011 (see Table I in
the Technical Notes). Medical (or cause-of-death) information, pro
cessed separately, was available for an estimated 97.3 percent of infant
deaths and 98.1 percent of deaths of persons aged 1 year and over
in 2011.
Cause-of-death information is not always available when prelimi
nary data are sent to NCHS, but is available later for final data
processing. As a result, estimates of cause of death based on pre
liminary mortality data may differ from statistics developed from the final
mortality data (see Tables II and III in the Technical Notes). Such
differences may affect certain causes of death where the cause is
pending investigation, such as for Assault (homicide), Intentional selfharm (suicide), Accidents (unintentional injuries), Drug-induced deaths,
and Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS); see ‘‘Nonsampling error’’
in the Technical Notes.
Tabulations by race and ethnic group are based on the race and
ethnic group reported for the decedent. Race and Hispanic origin are
reported as separate items on the death certificate. Data are shown
for the following race and ethnic groups: white, non-Hispanic white,
black, non-Hispanic black, American Indian or Alaska Native (AIAN),
Asian or Pacific Islander (API), and Hispanic populations. Death rates
for AIAN, API, and, to a lesser extent, Hispanic populations are known
to be too low because of reporting problems (see ‘‘Race and Hispanic
origin’’ in the Technical Notes).
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
National Center for Health Statistics
National Vital Statistics System
2
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 61, No. 6, October 10, 2012
All comparisons in this report are between the 2010 final data (3)
and the 2011 preliminary data. Changes in death rates from 2010 to
2011 were tested for statistical significance. Differences in death rates
across demographic groups (but occurring in 2011 only) were also
tested for statistical significance. Unless otherwise specified, reported
differences in death rates are statistically significant.
Age-adjusted death rates are better indicators than crude death
rates for showing changes in the risk of death over time when the age
distribution of the population is changing, and for comparing the
mortality of population subgroups that have different age compositions.
All age-adjusted death rates are standardized to the year 2000 popu
lation (see ‘‘Computing rates and percentages’’ in the Technical Notes).
Life expectancy data shown in this report for data years
2010–2011 are based on methodology similar to that of the 1999–2001
decennial life tables. Beginning with final data reported for 2008, the
life table methodology was revised by changing the smoothing tech
nique used to estimate the life table functions at the oldest ages; see
Technical Notes (1). The methodology used to produce life expectan
cies adjusts for misclassification for Hispanic and for race and ethnicity
for the non-Hispanic populations (see ‘‘Life tables’’ in the Technical
Notes). Adjustments do not account for other sources of error such as
return migration (4). Note that adjustments for misclassification are
applied to the production of the life tables, but not to the death rates
shown in this report.
Two measures of infant mortality are shown: the infant death rate
and the infant mortality rate (see ‘‘Infant mortality’’ in the Technical
Notes). These measures typically are similar, although they can differ
because they have different denominators.
Results
Trends in numbers and rates
The preliminary number of deaths in the United States for 2011
was 2,513,171 (Tables A and 1). The crude death rate of 806.6 per
100,000 population was 0.9 percent higher than the rate of 799.5 per
100,000 in 2010. The estimated age-adjusted death rate, which
accounts for changes in the age distribution of the population,
reached a record low of 740.6 per 100,000 U.S. standard population,
0.9 percent lower than the 2010 rate of 747.0 (Tables A and 1).
Figure 1 illustrates the general pattern of decline in both crude and
age-adjusted death rates since 1980. The age-adjusted death rate
decreased from 2010 to 2011 by 1.4 percent for males and 0.5 percent for
females. The relative magnitudes of significant changes in age-adjusted
death rates by sex, race, and Hispanic origin (Table 1) are:
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
White males—1.0 percent decrease
Non-Hispanic white males—0.6 percent decrease
Black males—3.3 percent decrease
Black females—1.6 percent decrease
Non-Hispanic black males—2.7 percent decrease
Non-Hispanic black females—1.2 percent decrease
AIAN males—5.9 percent decrease
AIAN females—3.7 percent decrease
API males—4.2 percent decrease
API females—2.6 percent decrease
+
+
Hispanic males—4.8 percent decrease
Hispanic females—2.5 percent decrease
Rates for the AIAN and API populations should be interpreted
with caution because of inconsistencies between reporting race on
death certificates and on censuses, surveys, and birth certificates.
Note that mortality for races other than white and black may be
seriously understated in some cases due to underreporting for some
race groups and Hispanic origin on death certificates (4–6).
Statistically significant decreases in mortality from 2010 to 2011
were registered for those under age 1 year and across age groups over
65 years. Decedents aged 25–34 experienced the only statistically
significant increase. Mortality for age groups 1–4 years, 5–14 years,
15–24 years, 35–44 years, 45–54 years, and 55–64 years did not
change significantly. The magnitude of the significant changes in
mortality by age group is (Table 1):
+
+
+
+
+
Under 1 year—4.0 percent decrease
25–34 years—1.5 percent increase
65–74 years—1.6 percent decrease
75–84 years—0.8 percent decrease
85 years and over—1.2 percent decrease
The death rate for ‘‘under 1 year’’ shown above is based on a
population estimate and is different from the infant mortality rate,
which is based on live births (see ‘‘Infant mortality’’).
The preliminary estimate of life expectancy at birth for the total
population in 2011 is 78.7 years. This is the same as in 2010 (Tables A
and 6). Life expectancy for males increased 0.1 year, from 76.2 in 2010
to 76.3 in 2011. Female life expectancy also increased 0.1 year, from
81.0 years to 81.1 years. (Life expectancy from 2010 to 2011 differed
for the male and female populations but was unchanged for both sexes
combined due to rounding.)
The difference between male and female life expectancy at birth
has generally been decreasing since its peak of 7.8 years in 1979 (1,7).
The gap between male and female life expectancy was 4.8 years in
2011, unchanged from the difference between the sexes in 2010. The
difference in life expectancy between the white and black populations
in 2011 was 3.7 years, a 0.1-year decrease from the 2010 gap between
the two races (Table A).
Life expectancy for the Hispanic population increased 0.2 year in
2011 to 81.4 years compared with 2010 (Table 6). In 2011, the life
expectancy for the Hispanic female population was 83.7 years. The life
expectancy for the Hispanic male population in 2011 was 78.9. The
difference in life expectancy between the sexes for the Hispanic
population was 4.8 years.
Among the six Hispanic origin-race-sex groups (Table 6 and
Figure 2), Hispanic females have the highest life expectancy at birth
(83.7 years), followed by non-Hispanic white females (81.1 years),
Hispanic males (78.9 years), non-Hispanic black females (77.8 years),
non-Hispanic white males (76.4 years), and non-Hispanic black males
(71.6 years). Figure 2 also shows that this pattern has not changed
since 2006 although life expectancy for all groups has generally
increased.
By state of residence, Hawaii had the lowest mortality in 2011 with
an age-adjusted death rate of 584.8 deaths per 100,000 standard
population (Table 3). Mortality was highest in Mississippi, with an
age-adjusted death rate of 956.2 per 100,000 standard population.
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 61, No. 6, October 10, 2012
Table A. Deaths, age-adjusted death rates, and life expectancy at birth, by race and sex; and infant deaths and
mortality rates, by race: United States, final 2010 and preliminary 2011
[Data are based on a continuous file of records received from the states. Figures for 2011 are based on weighted data rounded to the nearest individual, so categories may
not add to totals]
All races1
White2
Black2
Measure and sex
2011
2010
2011
2010
2011
2010
All deaths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Male . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Female . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2,513,171
1,253,716
1,259,456
2,468,435
1,232,432
1,236,003
2,153,864
1,070,817
1,083,046
2,114,749
1,051,514
1,063,235
290,135
146,843
143,292
286,959
145,802
141,157
Age-adjusted death rate3 . . . . . . . . .
Male . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Female . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
740.6
874.5
631.9
747.0
887.1
634.9
738.1
869.3
629.7
741.8
878.5
630.8
877.4
1,067.3
740.1
898.2
1,104.0
752.5
Life expectancy at birth (in years) . . . .
Male . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Female . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
78.7
76.3
81.1
78.7
76.2
81.0
79.0
76.6
81.3
78.9
76.5
81.3
75.3
72.1
78.2
75.1
71.8
78.0
All infant deaths . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Infant mortality rate4 . . . . . . . . . . . .
23,910
6.05
24,586
6.15
15,438
5.11
15,954
5.20
7,234
11.42
7,401
11.63
1
Includes races other than white and black.
Race categories are consistent with the 1977 Office of Management and Budget (OMB) standards. Multiple-race data were reported for deaths by 38 states and the District of Columbia in 2011 and
by 37 states and the District of Columbia in 2010, and were reported for births (used as the denominator in computing infant mortality rates), by 40 states and the District of Columbia in 2011 and by
38 states and the District of Columbia in 2010; see Technical Notes. The multiple-race data for these reporting areas were bridged to the single-race categories of the 1977 OMB standards for
comparability with other reporting areas; see Technical Notes.
3
Age-adjusted death rates are per 100,000 U.S. standard population, based on the year 2000 standard.
4
Infant mortality rates are deaths under age 1 year per 1,000 live births in specified group.
2
Causes of death
85
Hispanic female
Non-Hispanic white female
80
All races, both sexes
Age in years
The leading causes of death in 2011 remained the same as in
2010 for the 15 leading causes, although two causes exchanged
ranks. Nephritis, nephrotic syndrome and nephrosis, the eighth
leading cause in 2010, became the ninth leading cause in 2011, while
Influenza and pneumonia, the ninth leading cause in 2010, became
the eighth leading cause of death in 2011. The 15 leading causes of
death in 2011 (Table B) were as follows:
Hispanic male
Non-Hispanic black female
75
Non-Hispanic white male
1,100
Rate per 100,000 population
70
Non-Hispanic black male
Age adjusted
1,000
0
900
2006
2007
Crude
2008
2009
Year
2010
2011
SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Vital Statistics System, Mortality.
Figure 2. Life expectancy at birth, by Hispanic origin, race for
non-Hispanic population, and sex: United States, 2006–2010
final and 2011 preliminary
800
700
1. Diseases of heart
2. Malignant neoplasms
0
1980
1985
1990
1995
Year
2000
2005
2010
2011
NOTE: Crude death rates on an annual basis are per 100,000 population;
age-adjusted rates are per 100,000 U.S. standard population; rates for 2001–2009
are revised and may differ from the rates previously published; see Technical Notes.
SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Vital Statistics System, Mortality.
Figure 1. Crude and age-adjusted death rates: United States,
1980–2010 final and 2011 preliminary
3. Chronic lower respiratory diseases
4. Cerebrovascular diseases
5. Accidents (unintentional injuries)
6. Alzheimer’s disease
7. Diabetes mellitus
3
4
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 61, No. 6, October 10, 2012
Table B. Deaths and death rates for 2011 and age-adjusted death rates and percentage changes in age-adjusted rates
from 2010 to 2011 for the 15 leading causes of death in 2011: United States, final 2010 and preliminary 2011
[Data are based on a continuous file of records received from the states. Rates are per 100,000 population; age-adjusted rates per 100,000 U.S. standard population based
on the year 2000 standard; see Technical Notes. For explanation of asterisks (*) preceding cause-of-death codes, see Technical Notes. Figures for 2011 are based on
weighted data rounded to the nearest individual, so categories may not add to totals]
Age-adjusted death rate
Cause of death (based on the International Classification of Diseases,
Tenth Revision, 2008 Edition, 2009)
Number
Death
rate
2011
2010
...
All causes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2,512,873
806.5
740.6
747.0
-0.9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
Diseases of heart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Malignant neoplasms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Chronic lower respiratory diseases . . . . . . .
Cerebrovascular diseases . . . . . . . . . . . .
Accidents (unintentional injuries) . . . . . . . .
Alzheimer’s disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Diabetes mellitus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Influenza and pneumonia . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nephritis, nephrotic syndrome and nephrosis .
Intentional self-harm (suicide) . . . . . . . . . .
Septicemia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Chronic liver disease and cirrhosis . . . . . . .
Essential hypertension and hypertensive renal
Parkinson’s disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pneumonitis due to solids and liquids . . . . .
. . . . . (I00–I09,I11,I13,I20–I51)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . (C00–C97)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . .(J40–J47)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . (I60–I69)
. . . . . . (V01–X59,Y85–Y86)2,3
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (G30)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . (E10–E14)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . (J09–J18)4
.(N00–N07,N17–N19,N25–N27)5
. . . . . (*U03,X60–X84,Y87.0)2
. . . . . . . . . . . . . (A40–A41)
. . . . . . . . . . (K70,K73–K74)
. . . . . . . . . . . . (I10,I12,I15)
. . . . . . . . . . . . (G20–G21)6
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (J69)
596,339
575,313
143,382
128,931
122,777
84,691
73,282
53,667
45,731
38,285
35,539
33,539
27,477
23,107
18,090
191.4
184.6
46.0
41.4
39.4
27.2
23.5
17.2
14.7
12.3
11.4
10.8
8.8
7.4
5.8
173.7
168.6
42.7
37.9
38.0
24.6
21.5
15.7
13.4
12.0
10.5
9.7
8.0
7.0
5.3
179.1
172.8
42.2
39.1
38.0
25.1
20.8
15.1
15.3
12.1
10.6
9.4
8.0
6.8
5.1
–3.0
–2.4
1.2
–3.1
0.0
–2.0
3.4
4.0
–12.4
–0.8
–0.9
3.2
0.0
2.9
3.9
...
All other causes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (residual)
512,723
164.6
...
...
...
Rank1
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
disease .
......
......
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Percent
change
. . .Category not applicable.
1
Rank based on number of deaths.
2
For unintentional injuries, suicides, preliminary and final data may differ significantly because of the truncated nature of the preliminary file.
3
New ICD–10 subcategories were introduced for the existing X34 (Victim of earthquake); see Technical Notes.
4
New ICD–10 code J12.3 (Human metapneumovirus pneumonia) was added to the category in 2011; see Technical Notes.
5
New subcategories replaced previous ones for N18 (Chronic kidney disease) in 2011. Changes affect comparability with previous year’s data; see Technical Notes.
6
New ICD–10 code G21.4 (Vascular parkinsonism) was added to the category in 2011; see Technical Notes.
NOTES: Data are subject to sampling and random variation. For information regarding the calculation of standard errors and further discussion of the variability of the data, see Technical Notes.
8. Influenza and pneumonia
9. Nephritis, nephrotic syndrome and nephrosis
10. Intentional self-harm (suicide)
11. Septicemia
12. Chronic liver disease and cirrhosis
13. Essential hypertension and hypertensive renal disease
14. Parkinson’s disease
15. Pneumonitis due to solids and liquids
From 2010 to 2011, the age-adjusted death rate declined
significantly for 5 of the 15 leading causes of death. The age-adjusted
death rate for the leading cause of death, Diseases of heart,
decreased by 3.0 percent. The age-adjusted death rate for Malignant
neoplasms decreased by 2.4 percent (Tables B and 2). Deaths from
these two diseases combined accounted for 47 percent of deaths in
the United States in 2011. Heart disease mortality has exhibited a
fairly steady decline since 1980, and cancer mortality began to
decline in the early 1990s (8). Of the 15 leading causes of death, the
age-adjusted death rate also decreased significantly for Cerebrovas
cular diseases (3.1 percent), Alzheimer’s disease (2.0 percent), and
Nephritis, nephrotic syndrome and nephrosis (12.4 percent).
The decrease in deaths from Nephritis, nephrotic syndrome and
nephrosis from 2010 to 2011 needs to be interpreted with caution,
however. Changes in classification and coding were made in 2011 that
contributed to the decrease. Renal failure, for example, mentioned on
death certificates was more likely to be treated as a renal complication
of other diseases on the death certificate in 2011. As a result, more of
these records shift from the Nephritis, nephrotic syndrome and neph
rosis category to other diseases (e.g., Diabetes mellitus with renal
complications, which is part of the broader Diabetes mellitus category).
The age-adjusted death rate increased significantly from 2010 to
2011 for six leading causes: Chronic lower respiratory diseases
(1.2 percent), Diabetes mellitus (3.4 percent), Influenza and pneu
monia (4.0 percent), Chronic liver disease and cirrhosis (3.2 percent),
Parkinson’s disease (2.9 percent), and Pneumonitis due to solids and
liquids (3.9 percent).
The observed changes in the age-adjusted death rates from 2010
to 2011 were not significant for Accidents (unintentional injuries), Inten
tional self-harm (suicide), Septicemia, and Essential hypertension and
hypertensive renal disease.
Although Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease was not
among the 15 leading causes of death in 2011 for all ages combined,
it remains a public health concern, especially for those between the
ages of 15 and 64. The age-adjusted death rate for HIV disease
declined by 7.7 percent from 2010 to 2011 (Table 2). Following a period
of increase from 1987 through 1994, HIV disease mortality reached a
plateau in 1995. Subsequently, the rate for this disease decreased an
average of 33.0 percent per year from 1995 through 1998 (9), and
6.5 percent per year from 1999 through 2010 (data not shown). For all
races combined in the age group 15–24, HIV disease was the 12th
leading cause of death in 2010 and 2011. HIV disease dropped from
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 61, No. 6, October 10, 2012
5
the seventh leading cause of death in 2010 to the eighth leading cause
in 2011 for the age group 25–44. Among decedents aged 45–64, HIV
disease remained the 13th leading cause in 2011, unchanged from its
rank in 2010.
Enterocolitis due to Clostridium difficile (C. difficile), a predomi
nantly antibiotic-associated inflammation of the intestines caused by C.
difficile, a gram-positive, anaerobic, spore-forming bacillus, has
become a concern in recent years. The disease is often acquired by
long-term patients or residents in hospitals or other health-care facilities
and accounted for an increasing number of deaths between 1999 and
2008 (1,10,11). In 1999, 793 deaths were due to C. difficile, compared
with 7,476 C. difficile deaths in 2008 (1). The number of deaths dropped
slightly to 7,251 in 2009 and increased to 7,994 in 2011. The ageadjusted death rate for this cause in 2011 was 2.4 deaths per 100,000
standard population, an increase of 9.1 percent from the rate in 2010.
In 2011, C. difficile ranked as the 17th leading cause of death for the
population aged 65 and over. Approximately 91 percent of deaths from
C. difficile occurred to people aged 65 and over (data not shown).
The age-adjusted death rate for drug-induced deaths did not
change significantly, according to preliminary data. However, the final
number of drug-induced deaths in 2011 may be substantially higher
because information on cause of death in these cases is often delayed
pending investigation. Additional information based on toxicology or
autopsy reports is often not available in the preliminary file. Mortality
from firearm injuries and alcohol-induced deaths in 2011 was
unchanged from 2010. The age-adjusted death rate for injury at work
in 2011 decreased 5.9 percent from the final rate of 1.7 in 2010 to 1.6
in 2011 (Table 2).
reference date, July 1, 2011 (14). This population estimate includes a
combination of infants born in 2010 who had not reached their first
birthday before July 1, 2011, and infants born in 2011 before July 1,
2011. In contrast, the denominator of the 2011 infant mortality rate is
all live births occurring during 2011 (15). For example, the preliminary
number of live births for 2011 (n = 3,953,593) is 1.1 percent lower than
the July 1 infant population in 2011 (n = 3,996,537). Therefore, the
infant mortality rate for 2011 (604.7 deaths per 100,000 live births) is
higher than the infant death rate for 2011 (598.3 deaths per 100,000
population). For 2011, only the infant death rate decreased significantly
from 2010.
The 10 leading causes of infant mortality for 2011 were:
Infant mortality
10. Neonatal hemorrhage
The preliminary infant mortality rate for 2011 was 6.05 infant
deaths per 1,000 live births (Tables A and 4). This was not signifi
cantly different from the final 2010 rate of 6.15. Few observed
changes in infant mortality from 2010 to 2011 were statistically
significant. With the exception of 2002, the infant mortality rate has
statistically remained the same or decreased significantly each
successive year from 1958 through 2011 (1,12). The neonatal (i.e.,
infants under age 28 days) mortality rate was 4.04 per 1,000 live
births in 2011, which also was not significantly different from 2010.
The postneonatal (i.e., infants aged 28 days–11 months) mortality
rate decreased by 4.3 percent from 2.10 deaths per 1,000 live births
in 2010 to 2.01 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2011.
Infant mortality did not change significantly from 2010 to 2011 for
either black or white infants. The mortality rate of 11.42 deaths per
1,000 live births for black infants was 2.2 times the rate of 5.11 deaths
per 1,000 live births for white infants (Tables A and 4). Because of
inconsistencies in the reporting of race groups on birth and death
certificates (especially for races other than white and black and for
Hispanic origin), infant mortality rates for these groups are likely to be
underestimated (4). The linked birth/infant death data set provides a
better source of data for infant deaths and mortality rates by maternal
race and ethnicity (13).
Although the infant mortality rate is the preferred indicator of the
risk of dying during the first year of life, the infant death rate is also
shown in this report. While similar, these two rates vary based on
differences in their denominators. The denominator of the 2011 infant
death rate is the estimated population under age 1 year as of the
The leading causes of infant death in 2011 were the same as in
2009. They were the same as in 2010 for 9 of the 10 leading causes
(Table 8). Dropping from among the 10 leading causes of infant death
in 2011 was Necrotizing enterocolitis of newborn, replaced by
Neonatal hemorrhage as the 10th leading cause of infant death in
2011. The infant mortality rate decreased for only 1 of the 10 leading
causes of death from 2010 to 2011 (Tables 5 and 8). The infant
mortality rate decreased by 16.1 percent for SIDS (Tables 5 and 8).
Deaths due to SIDS, currently the third leading cause of infant
death, have been declining since 1988 (1,16). Because SIDS deaths
often involve lengthy investigations, the mortality rate due to SIDS is
typically lower based on preliminary data than that based on the final
data. Recent declines in mortality due to SIDS also may reflect a
change in the way SIDS is diagnosed and reported by medical exam
iners and coroners (17).
1. Congenital malformations, deformations and chromosomal
abnormalities
2. Disorders related to short gestation and low birth weight, not
elsewhere classified
3. Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)
4. Newborn affected by maternal complications of pregnancy
5. Accidents (unintentional injuries)
6. Newborn affected by complications of placenta, cord and
membranes
7. Bacterial sepsis of newborn
8. Respiratory distress of newborn
9. Diseases of the circulatory system
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sr02_129.pdf.
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improved Medicare enrollment data. Demography 29(4):565–80. 1992.
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Center for Health Statistics. 2008. Available from:
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National vital statistics reports; vol 58 no 10. Hyattsville, MD: National
Center for Health Statistics. 2010. Available from:
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Arias E. United States life tables by Hispanic origin. National Center for
Health Statistics. Vital Health Stat 2(152). 2010. Available from:
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37.
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Arias E, Eschbach K, Schauman WS, Backlund EL, Sorlie PD. The
Hispanic mortality advantage and ethnic misclassification on US death
certificates. Am J Public Health 100(Suppl1):S171–7. 2010. Available
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135863.
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Implementation of the year 2000 standard. National vital statistics
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Statistics. 1998. Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/
nvsr47/nvs47_03.pdf.
List of Detailed Tables
1. Deaths and death rates, by age, sex, race, and Hispanic origin,
and age-adjusted death rates, by sex, race, and Hispanic origin:
United States, final 2010 and preliminary 2011 . . . . . . . . . . . .
2. Deaths, death rates, and age-adjusted death rates for 113
selected causes, Injury by firearms, Drug-induced deaths,
Alcohol-induced deaths, Injury at work, and Enterocolitis due to
Clostridium difficile: United States, final 2010 and preliminary
2011 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3. Deaths, death rates, and age-adjusted death rates: United States,
and each state and territory, final 2010 and preliminary 2011. . .
4. Infant deaths and infant mortality rates, by age, race, and
Hispanic origin: United States, final 2010 and preliminary
2011 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5. Infant deaths and infant mortality rates for 130 selected causes:
United States, final 2010 and preliminary 2011 . . . . . . . . . . . .
6. Expectation of life at selected ages, by race, Hispanic origin, race
for non-Hispanic population, and sex: United States, final 2010
and preliminary 2011 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7. Deaths and death rates for the 10 leading causes of death in
specified age groups: United States, preliminary 2011 . . . . . . .
8. Infant deaths and infant mortality rates for the 10 leading causes
of infant death, by race and Hispanic origin: United States,
preliminary 2011 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8
16
20
21
22
26
29
32
7
8
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 61, No. 6, October 10, 2012
Table 1. Deaths and death rates, by age, sex, race, and Hispanic origin, and age-adjusted death rates, by sex, race,
and Hispanic origin: United States, final 2010 and preliminary 2011
[Data are based on a continuous file of records received from the states. Age-specific rates are per 100,000 population in specified group. Age-adjusted rates are per 100,000
U.S. standard population; see Technical Notes. Figures for 2011 are based on weighted data rounded to the nearest individual, so categories may not add to totals. Race and
Hispanic origin are reported separately on the death certificate. Data for Hispanic origin and specified races other than white and black should be interpreted with caution
because of inconsistencies between reporting Hispanic origin and race on death certificates and on censuses and surveys; see Technical Notes. Race categories are
consistent with the 1977 Office of Management and Budget (OMB) standards. Multiple-race data were reported by 38 states and the District of Columbia in 2011 and by 37
states and the District of Columbia in 2010; see Technical Notes. The multiple-race data for these states were bridged to the single-race categories of the 1977 OMB
standards for comparability with other states; see Technical Notes. Data for persons of Hispanic origin are included in the data for each race group, according to the
decedent’s reported race; see Technical Notes]
2011
Age, sex, race, and Hispanic origin
Number
2010
Rate
Number
Rate
All races, both sexes
All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2,513,171
806.6
2,468,435
799.5
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
23,910
4,236
5,377
29,624
43,631
69,746
182,994
323,015
414,792
625,860
789,854
132
598.3
26.2
13.1
67.6
104.4
171.7
409.2
848.7
1,845.0
4,750.3
13,767.3
...
24,586
4,316
5,279
29,551
42,259
70,033
183,207
310,802
407,151
625,651
765,474
126
623.4
26.5
12.9
67.7
102.9
170.5
407.1
851.9
1,875.1
4,790.2
13,934.3
...
Age-adjusted rate2 . . . . . . . . . . . . .
...
740.6
...
747.0
Under 1 year1 . . .
1–4 years . . . . .
5–14 years . . . .
15–24 years . . .
25–34 years . . .
35–44 years . . .
45–54 years . . .
55–64 years . . .
65–74 years . . .
75–84 years . . .
85 years and over
Not stated . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
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.
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.
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.
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.
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.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
All races, male
All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1,253,716
817.9
1,232,432
812.0
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
13,259
2,393
3,163
21,894
30,003
43,152
111,552
196,424
234,102
312,543
285,134
96
648.8
29.0
15.1
97.6
142.6
213.4
506.6
1,070.0
2,234.6
5,608.1
15,054.4
...
13,702
2,460
3,054
21,790
29,192
43,434
112,018
189,295
229,704
311,830
275,866
87
680.2
29.6
14.6
97.6
141.5
212.5
505.9
1,075.5
2,275.1
5,693.7
15,414.3
...
Age-adjusted rate2 . . . . . . . . . . . . .
...
874.5
...
887.1
Under 1 year1 . . .
1–4 years . . . . .
5–14 years . . . .
15–24 years . . .
25–34 years . . .
35–44 years . . .
45–54 years . . .
55–64 years . . .
65–74 years . . .
75–84 years . . .
85 years and over
Not stated . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
All races, female
All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1,259,456
795.6
1,236,003
787.4
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
10,651
1,843
2,214
7,730
13,628
26,594
71,442
126,591
180,690
313,317
504,720
36
545.4
23.3
11.0
36.2
65.7
130.3
314.7
642.5
1,505.1
4,121.4
13,133.0
...
10,884
1,856
2,225
7,761
13,067
26,599
71,189
121,507
177,447
313,821
489,608
39
564.0
23.3
11.1
36.4
64.0
128.9
311.4
643.5
1,527.5
4,137.7
13,219.2
...
Age-adjusted rate2 . . . . . . . . . . . . .
...
631.9
...
634.9
Under 1 year1 . . .
1–4 years . . . . .
5–14 years . . . .
15–24 years . . .
25–34 years . . .
35–44 years . . .
45–54 years . . .
55–64 years . . .
65–74 years . . .
75–84 years . . .
85 years and over
Not stated . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
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.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
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.
.
.
.
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.
.
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.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
See footnotes at end of table.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
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.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 61, No. 6, October 10, 2012
9
Table 1. Deaths and death rates, by age, sex, race, and Hispanic origin, and age-adjusted death rates, by sex, race,
and Hispanic origin: United States, final 2010 and preliminary 2011—Con.
[Data are based on a continuous file of records received from the states. Age-specific rates are per 100,000 population in specified group. Age-adjusted rates are per 100,000
U.S. standard population; see Technical Notes. Figures for 2011 are based on weighted data rounded to the nearest individual, so categories may not add to totals. Race and
Hispanic origin are reported separately on the death certificate. Data for Hispanic origin and specified races other than white and black should be interpreted with caution
because of inconsistencies between reporting Hispanic origin and race on death certificates and on censuses and surveys; see Technical Notes. Race categories are
consistent with the 1977 Office of Management and Budget (OMB) standards. Multiple-race data were reported by 38 states and the District of Columbia in 2011 and by 37
states and the District of Columbia in 2010; see Technical Notes. The multiple-race data for these states were bridged to the single-race categories of the 1977 OMB
standards for comparability with other states; see Technical Notes. Data for persons of Hispanic origin are included in the data for each race group, according to the
decedent’s reported race; see Technical Notes]
2011
Age, sex, race, and Hispanic origin
Number
2010
Rate
Number
Rate
Total white, both sexes
All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2,153,864
871.7
2,114,749
861.7
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
15,438
2,973
3,907
21,610
32,605
52,857
143,215
259,396
349,774
551,575
720,413
100
515.5
24.5
12.5
64.9
101.2
166.8
397.4
820.3
1,823.5
4,794.0
14,016.6
...
15,954
3,015
3,841
21,509
31,425
53,060
143,049
249,583
342,977
552,508
697,733
95
537.2
24.6
12.3
64.7
99.2
165.0
392.9
820.3
1,846.7
4,818.2
14,147.6
...
Age-adjusted rate2 . . . . . . . . . . . . .
...
738.1
...
741.8
Under 1 year1 . . .
1–4 years . . . . .
5–14 years . . . .
15–24 years . . .
25–34 years . . .
35–44 years . . .
45–54 years . . .
55–64 years . . .
65–74 years . . .
75–84 years . . .
85 years and over
Not stated . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
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.
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.
.
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.
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.
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.
.
.
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.
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.
.
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.
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.
.
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.
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.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
White male
All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1,070,817
875.4
1,051,514
866.1
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
8,555
1,680
2,306
15,810
22,603
33,326
88,664
159,175
198,530
278,190
261,903
74
558.8
27.0
14.4
92.4
137.5
208.5
494.5
1,032.1
2,197.8
5,647.4
15,318.1
...
8,871
1,718
2,222
15,661
21,883
33,486
89,017
153,296
194,793
277,543
252,958
66
584.3
27.4
13.8
91.8
135.6
206.6
491.9
1,033.0
2,232.4
5,703.6
15,640.3
...
Age-adjusted rate2 . . . . . . . . . . . . .
...
869.3
...
878.5
Under 1 year1 . . .
1–4 years . . . . .
5–14 years . . . .
15–24 years . . .
25–34 years . . .
35–44 years . . .
45–54 years . . .
55–64 years . . .
65–74 years . . .
75–84 years . . .
85 years and over
Not stated . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
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.
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.
.
.
.
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.
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.
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.
.
.
.
.
.
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.
.
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.
.
.
.
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.
.
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.
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.
.
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.
.
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.
.
.
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.
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.
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.
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.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
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.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
White female
All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1,083,046
868.0
1,063,235
857.3
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
6,883
1,293
1,601
5,800
10,002
19,532
54,550
100,221
151,244
273,385
458,510
26
470.3
21.8
10.5
35.9
63.4
124.4
301.2
618.6
1,490.3
4,155.1
13,367.8
...
7,083
1,297
1,619
5,848
9,542
19,574
54,032
96,287
148,184
274,965
444,775
29
488.0
21.6
10.6
36.2
61.4
122.8
295.1
617.8
1,504.9
4,165.4
13,419.3
...
Age-adjusted rate2 . . . . . . . . . . . . .
...
629.7
...
630.8
Under 1 year1 . . .
1–4 years . . . . .
5–14 years . . . .
15–24 years . . .
25–34 years . . .
35–44 years . . .
45–54 years . . .
55–64 years . . .
65–74 years . . .
75–84 years . . .
85 years and over
Not stated . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
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.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
See footnotes at end of table.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
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.
10
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 61, No. 6, October 10, 2012
Table 1. Deaths and death rates, by age, sex, race, and Hispanic origin, and age-adjusted death rates, by sex, race,
and Hispanic origin: United States, final 2010 and preliminary 2011—Con.
[Data are based on a continuous file of records received from the states. Age-specific rates are per 100,000 population in specified group. Age-adjusted rates are per 100,000
U.S. standard population; see Technical Notes. Figures for 2011 are based on weighted data rounded to the nearest individual, so categories may not add to totals. Race and
Hispanic origin are reported separately on the death certificate. Data for Hispanic origin and specified races other than white and black should be interpreted with caution
because of inconsistencies between reporting Hispanic origin and race on death certificates and on censuses and surveys; see Technical Notes. Race categories are
consistent with the 1977 Office of Management and Budget (OMB) standards. Multiple-race data were reported by 38 states and the District of Columbia in 2011 and by 37
states and the District of Columbia in 2010; see Technical Notes. The multiple-race data for these states were bridged to the single-race categories of the 1977 OMB
standards for comparability with other states; see Technical Notes. Data for persons of Hispanic origin are included in the data for each race group, according to the
decedent’s reported race; see Technical Notes]
2011
Age, sex, race, and Hispanic origin
2010
Number
Rate
Number
Rate
Non-Hispanic white, both sexes
All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2,005,481
1,000.6
1,969,916
984.3
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
10,872
2,051
2,890
16,934
26,672
44,817
127,733
238,404
325,851
519,151
690,048
60
523.2
24.1
12.7
67.1
108.8
180.1
414.0
837.6
1,855.6
4,871.2
14,207.2
...
11,025
2,139
2,910
16,847
25,486
44,999
128,034
229,265
319,805
520,983
668,361
62
529.3
24.7
12.6
66.4
105.6
176.2
407.2
834.2
1,876.2
4,886.8
14,286.1
...
Age-adjusted rate2 . . . . . . . . . . . . .
...
753.9
...
755.0
All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
989,421
1,003.7
971,604
987.5
Under 1 year1 . . .
1–4 years . . . . .
5–14 years . . . .
15–24 years . . .
25–34 years . . .
35–44 years . . .
45–54 years . . .
55–64 years . . .
65–74 years . . .
75–84 years . . .
85 years and over
Not stated . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
6,078
1,172
1,714
12,207
18,237
27,944
78,416
145,958
184,956
262,163
250,530
45
572.2
26.9
14.7
94.7
147.5
223.7
512.0
1,049.5
2,226.6
5,728.0
15,558.4
...
6,144
1,219
1,691
12,079
17,483
28,070
79,295
140,552
181,567
261,723
241,741
40
575.9
27.5
14.3
93.4
143.6
219.1
508.1
1,046.2
2,256.9
5,770.3
15,816.6
...
Age-adjusted rate2 . . . . . . . . . . . . .
...
886.8
...
892.5
Under 1 year1 . . .
1–4 years . . . . .
5–14 years . . . .
15–24 years . . .
25–34 years . . .
35–44 years . . .
45–54 years . . .
55–64 years . . .
65–74 years . . .
75–84 years . . .
85 years and over
Not stated . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
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.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Non-Hispanic white male
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
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.
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.
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.
.
.
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.
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.
.
.
.
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.
.
.
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.
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.
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.
.
.
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.
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.
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.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Non-Hispanic white female
All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1,016,060
997.7
998,312
981.2
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
4,793
879
1,176
4,726
8,435
16,872
49,317
92,446
140,894
256,988
439,517
15
471.9
21.1
10.6
38.3
69.4
136.2
317.5
635.1
1,522.6
4,226.4
13,537.1
...
4,881
920
1,219
4,768
8,003
16,929
48,739
88,713
138,238
259,260
426,620
22
480.4
21.8
10.9
38.4
66.8
133.1
307.7
631.5
1,535.9
4,232.6
13,543.5
...
Age-adjusted rate2 . . . . . . . . . . . . .
...
644.3
...
643.3
Under 1 year1 . . .
1–4 years . . . . .
5–14 years . . . .
15–24 years . . .
25–34 years . . .
35–44 years . . .
45–54 years . . .
55–64 years . . .
65–74 years . . .
75–84 years . . .
85 years and over
Not stated . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
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.
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.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
See footnotes at end of table.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
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.
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 61, No. 6, October 10, 2012
11
Table 1. Deaths and death rates, by age, sex, race, and Hispanic origin, and age-adjusted death rates, by sex, race,
and Hispanic origin: United States, final 2010 and preliminary 2011—Con.
[Data are based on a continuous file of records received from the states. Age-specific rates are per 100,000 population in specified group. Age-adjusted rates are per 100,000
U.S. standard population; see Technical Notes. Figures for 2011 are based on weighted data rounded to the nearest individual, so categories may not add to totals. Race and
Hispanic origin are reported separately on the death certificate. Data for Hispanic origin and specified races other than white and black should be interpreted with caution
because of inconsistencies between reporting Hispanic origin and race on death certificates and on censuses and surveys; see Technical Notes. Race categories are
consistent with the 1977 Office of Management and Budget (OMB) standards. Multiple-race data were reported by 38 states and the District of Columbia in 2011 and by 37
states and the District of Columbia in 2010; see Technical Notes. The multiple-race data for these states were bridged to the single-race categories of the 1977 OMB
standards for comparability with other states; see Technical Notes. Data for persons of Hispanic origin are included in the data for each race group, according to the
decedent’s reported race; see Technical Notes]
2011
Age, sex, race, and Hispanic origin
Number
2010
Rate
Number
Rate
Total black, both sexes
All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
290,135
679.8
286,959
682.2
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
7,234
1,049
1,179
6,695
9,064
13,792
33,504
53,804
53,303
57,973
52,510
28
1,051.3
38.2
17.6
92.4
151.1
248.6
579.3
1,257.8
2,465.2
5,217.6
12,886.4
...
7,401
1,041
1,145
6,675
8,920
14,016
34,093
51,816
52,491
57,543
51,795
23
1,102.1
38.1
17.1
93.2
152.0
250.3
591.5
1,286.0
2,526.1
5,371.8
13,187.2
...
Age-adjusted rate2 . . . . . . . . . . . . .
...
877.4
...
898.2
Under 1 year1 . . .
1–4 years . . . . .
5–14 years . . . .
15–24 years . . .
25–34 years . . .
35–44 years . . .
45–54 years . . .
55–64 years . . .
65–74 years . . .
75–84 years . . .
85 years and over
Not stated . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
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.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
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.
.
.
.
.
.
.
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.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
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.
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.
.
.
.
.
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.
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.
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.
.
.
.
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.
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.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Black male
All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
146,843
719.2
145,802
725.4
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
4,018
594
701
5,126
6,097
7,972
19,162
31,583
28,919
26,376
16,274
20
1,138.9
42.6
20.5
140.4
212.0
305.2
705.2
1,622.6
3,128.4
6,361.1
14,176.8
...
4,116
595
667
5,129
6,071
8,115
19,393
30,458
28,395
26,602
16,243
18
1,206.5
42.9
19.6
142.8
216.7
307.5
716.3
1,662.1
3,205.6
6,721.5
14,715.3
...
Age-adjusted rate2 . . . . . . . . . . . . .
...
1,067.3
...
1,104.0
Under 1 year1 . . .
1–4 years . . . . .
5–14 years . . . .
15–24 years . . .
25–34 years . . .
35–44 years . . .
45–54 years . . .
55–64 years . . .
65–74 years . . .
75–84 years . . .
85 years and over
Not stated . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
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.
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.
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.
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.
.
.
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.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Black female
All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
143,292
643.7
141,157
642.7
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
3,216
455
477
1,569
2,967
5,819
14,342
22,222
24,384
31,596
36,236
8
959.1
33.7
14.5
43.6
95.0
198.3
467.7
953.2
1,970.0
4,536.6
12,380.3
...
3,285
446
478
1,546
2,849
5,901
14,700
21,358
24,096
30,941
35,552
5
994.4
33.2
14.5
43.3
92.9
199.3
481.0
972.2
2,021.2
4,580.9
12,589.9
...
Age-adjusted rate2 . . . . . . . . . . . . .
...
740.1
...
752.5
Under 1 year1 . . .
1–4 years . . . . .
5–14 years . . . .
15–24 years . . .
25–34 years . . .
35–44 years . . .
45–54 years . . .
55–64 years . . .
65–74 years . . .
75–84 years . . .
85 years and over
Not stated . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
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.
.
.
.
.
.
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.
.
See footnotes at end of table.
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12
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 61, No. 6, October 10, 2012
Table 1. Deaths and death rates, by age, sex, race, and Hispanic origin, and age-adjusted death rates, by sex, race,
and Hispanic origin: United States, final 2010 and preliminary 2011—Con.
[Data are based on a continuous file of records received from the states. Age-specific rates are per 100,000 population in specified group. Age-adjusted rates are per 100,000
U.S. standard population; see Technical Notes. Figures for 2011 are based on weighted data rounded to the nearest individual, so categories may not add to totals. Race and
Hispanic origin are reported separately on the death certificate. Data for Hispanic origin and specified races other than white and black should be interpreted with caution
because of inconsistencies between reporting Hispanic origin and race on death certificates and on censuses and surveys; see Technical Notes. Race categories are
consistent with the 1977 Office of Management and Budget (OMB) standards. Multiple-race data were reported by 38 states and the District of Columbia in 2011 and by 37
states and the District of Columbia in 2010; see Technical Notes. The multiple-race data for these states were bridged to the single-race categories of the 1977 OMB
standards for comparability with other states; see Technical Notes. Data for persons of Hispanic origin are included in the data for each race group, according to the
decedent’s reported race; see Technical Notes]
2011
Age, sex, race, and Hispanic origin
Number
2010
Rate
Number
Rate
Non-Hispanic black, both sexes
All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
287,482
719.7
283,438
718.7
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
6,973
1,007
1,149
6,590
8,959
13,650
33,204
53,415
52,890
57,512
52,108
23
1,130.4
40.7
18.7
97.8
161.6
262.2
601.2
1,295.1
2,531.5
5,344.5
13,175.5
...
7,071
993
1,118
6,546
8,786
13,807
33,698
51,288
51,930
56,942
51,242
17
1,170.4
40.2
18.1
98.3
161.9
261.9
610.9
1,318.8
2,582.2
5,477.8
13,385.7
...
Age-adjusted rate2 . . . . . . . . . . . . .
...
903.9
...
920.4
Under 1 year1 . . .
1–4 years . . . . .
5–14 years . . . .
15–24 years . . .
25–34 years . . .
35–44 years . . .
45–54 years . . .
55–64 years . . .
65–74 years . . .
75–84 years . . .
85 years and over
Not stated . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
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.
.
.
.
.
.
Non-Hispanic black male
All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
145,391
762.2
143,824
764.5
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
3,872
571
685
5,048
6,018
7,895
18,962
31,335
28,691
26,146
16,153
16
1,224.8
45.4
21.9
148.8
226.7
322.2
731.0
1,671.1
3,213.9
6,519.6
14,566.3
...
3,931
570
649
5,033
5,971
7,975
19,146
30,138
28,060
26,281
16,055
15
1,281.5
45.4
20.7
150.8
230.8
321.1
739.1
1,705.0
3,274.7
6,849.1
14,974.2
...
Age-adjusted rate2 . . . . . . . . . . . . .
...
1,101.2
...
1,131.7
Under 1 year1 . . .
1–4 years . . . . .
5–14 years . . . .
15–24 years . . .
25–34 years . . .
35–44 years . . .
45–54 years . . .
55–64 years . . .
65–74 years . . .
75–84 years . . .
85 years and over
Not stated . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
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.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Non-Hispanic black female
All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
142,091
680.8
139,614
676.9
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
3,102
436
463
1,542
2,942
5,755
14,242
22,080
24,200
31,367
35,955
7
1,031.5
35.8
15.3
46.1
101.8
208.9
486.2
981.7
2,022.5
4,646.6
12,633.6
...
3,140
423
469
1,513
2,815
5,832
14,552
21,150
23,870
30,661
35,187
2
1,055.7
34.8
15.5
45.6
99.1
209.1
497.4
996.9
2,068.1
4,675.5
12,767.7
...
Age-adjusted rate2 . . . . . . . . . . . . .
...
761.7
...
770.8
Under 1 year1 . . .
1–4 years . . . . .
5–14 years . . . .
15–24 years . . .
25–34 years . . .
35–44 years . . .
45–54 years . . .
55–64 years . . .
65–74 years . . .
75–84 years . . .
85 years and over
Not stated . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
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.
See footnotes at end of table.
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.
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 61, No. 6, October 10, 2012
13
Table 1. Deaths and death rates, by age, sex, race, and Hispanic origin, and age-adjusted death rates, by sex, race,
and Hispanic origin: United States, final 2010 and preliminary 2011—Con.
[Data are based on a continuous file of records received from the states. Age-specific rates are per 100,000 population in specified group. Age-adjusted rates are per 100,000
U.S. standard population; see Technical Notes. Figures for 2011 are based on weighted data rounded to the nearest individual, so categories may not add to totals. Race and
Hispanic origin are reported separately on the death certificate. Data for Hispanic origin and specified races other than white and black should be interpreted with caution
because of inconsistencies between reporting Hispanic origin and race on death certificates and on censuses and surveys; see Technical Notes. Race categories are
consistent with the 1977 Office of Management and Budget (OMB) standards. Multiple-race data were reported by 38 states and the District of Columbia in 2011 and by 37
states and the District of Columbia in 2010; see Technical Notes. The multiple-race data for these states were bridged to the single-race categories of the 1977 OMB
standards for comparability with other states; see Technical Notes. Data for persons of Hispanic origin are included in the data for each race group, according to the
decedent’s reported race; see Technical Notes]
2011
Age, sex, race, and Hispanic origin
Number
2010
Rate
Number
Rate
Total AIAN,3,4 both sexes
All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15,875
365.2
15,565
365.1
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
357
86
94
587
837
1,194
2,266
2,779
2,845
2,777
2,052
1
444.8
27.3
12.4
77.0
125.7
207.4
415.5
747.5
1,618.9
3,675.3
8,669.2
...
354
93
108
615
795
1,163
2,203
2,704
2,803
2,685
2,042
–
455.3
29.4
14.4
81.3
122.0
203.2
409.7
782.1
1,709.9
3,833.0
9,615.3
...
Age-adjusted rate2 . . . . . . . . . . . . .
...
598.3
...
628.3
Under 1 year1 . . .
1–4 years . . . . .
5–14 years . . . .
15–24 years . . .
25–34 years . . .
35–44 years . . .
45–54 years . . .
55–64 years . . .
65–74 years . . .
75–84 years . . .
85 years and over
Not stated . . . .
AIAN
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
3,4
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.
male
All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8,582
392.6
8,516
397.5
Under 1 year1 . . .
1–4 years . . . . .
5–14 years . . . .
15–24 years . . .
25–34 years . . .
35–44 years . . .
45–54 years . . .
55–64 years . . .
65–74 years . . .
75–84 years . . .
85 years and over
Not stated . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
196
46
48
421
553
731
1,340
1,600
1,560
1,339
747
1
479.2
28.8
12.5
106.7
160.5
249.9
498.0
891.4
1,896.0
4,209.1
9,084.3
...
213
55
69
456
525
749
1,311
1,590
1,507
1,298
743
–
542.5
34.3
18.1
116.4
156.2
258.2
496.1
951.2
1,971.0
4,451.8
10,268.1
...
Age-adjusted rate2 . . . . . . . . . . . . .
...
687.0
...
730.2
.
.
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.
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.
AIAN3,4 female
All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7,292
337.4
7,049
332.4
Under 1 year1 . . .
1–4 years . . . . .
5–14 years . . . .
15–24 years . . .
25–34 years . . .
35–44 years . . .
45–54 years . . .
55–64 years . . .
65–74 years . . .
75–84 years . . .
85 years and over
Not stated . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
160
40
46
166
284
463
926
1,179
1,285
1,437
1,305
–
406.5
25.8
12.3
45.1
88.4
163.5
335.1
613.1
1,375.0
3,284.8
8,448.2
...
141
38
39
159
270
414
892
1,114
1,296
1,387
1,299
–
366.4
24.4
10.5
43.6
85.6
146.6
326.2
623.8
1,481.7
3,391.9
9,277.9
...
Age-adjusted rate2 . . . . . . . . . . . . .
...
521.4
...
541.7
.
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.
See footnotes at end of table.
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14
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 61, No. 6, October 10, 2012
Table 1. Deaths and death rates, by age, sex, race, and Hispanic origin, and age-adjusted death rates, by sex, race,
and Hispanic origin: United States, final 2010 and preliminary 2011—Con.
[Data are based on a continuous file of records received from the states. Age-specific rates are per 100,000 population in specified group. Age-adjusted rates are per 100,000
U.S. standard population; see Technical Notes. Figures for 2011 are based on weighted data rounded to the nearest individual, so categories may not add to totals. Race and
Hispanic origin are reported separately on the death certificate. Data for Hispanic origin and specified races other than white and black should be interpreted with caution
because of inconsistencies between reporting Hispanic origin and race on death certificates and on censuses and surveys; see Technical Notes. Race categories are
consistent with the 1977 Office of Management and Budget (OMB) standards. Multiple-race data were reported by 38 states and the District of Columbia in 2011 and by 37
states and the District of Columbia in 2010; see Technical Notes. The multiple-race data for these states were bridged to the single-race categories of the 1977 OMB
standards for comparability with other states; see Technical Notes. Data for persons of Hispanic origin are included in the data for each race group, according to the
decedent’s reported race; see Technical Notes]
2011
Age, sex, race, and Hispanic origin
Number
2010
Rate
Number
Rate
Total API,5 both sexes
All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
53,298
305.1
51,162
301.1
Under 1 year1 . . .
1–4 years . . . . .
5–14 years . . . .
15–24 years . . .
25–34 years . . .
35–44 years . . .
45–54 years . . .
55–64 years . . .
65–74 years . . .
75–84 years . . .
85 years and over
Not stated . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
882
128
197
731
1,124
1,904
4,009
7,036
8,869
13,535
14,880
3
377.7
13.5
8.5
29.3
38.6
67.4
170.7
393.4
921.9
2,802.0
8,947.8
...
877
167
185
752
1,119
1,794
3,862
6,699
8,880
12,915
13,904
8
389.3
17.9
8.2
30.2
39.2
65.3
168.0
398.5
987.4
2,853.1
9,418.1
...
Age-adjusted rate2 . . . . . . . . . . . . .
...
410.1
...
424.3
.
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.
5
API male
All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
27,473
328.4
26,600
327.0
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
490
73
107
537
749
1,123
2,385
4,066
5,094
6,637
6,210
1
411.6
15.1
9.2
42.3
53.9
84.2
216.5
502.3
1,166.9
3,308.2
10,140.1
...
502
92
96
544
713
1,084
2,297
3,951
5,009
6,387
5,922
3
434.4
19.3
8.4
43.0
52.6
83.5
213.7
519.0
1,226.0
3,438.7
10,824.5
...
Age-adjusted rate2 . . . . . . . . . . . . .
...
490.4
...
512.1
Under 1 year1 . . .
1–4 years . . . . .
5–14 years . . . .
15–24 years . . .
25–34 years . . .
35–44 years . . .
45–54 years . . .
55–64 years . . .
65–74 years . . .
75–84 years . . .
85 years and over
Not stated . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
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.
.
.
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API5 female
All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25,825
283.6
24,562
277.3
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392
55
89
194
375
781
1,624
2,970
3,776
6,898
8,670
2
342.5
11.8
7.8
15.8
24.6
52.4
130.2
303.3
718.6
2,442.5
8,252.8
...
375
75
89
208
406
710
1,565
2,748
3,871
6,528
7,982
5
341.8
16.3
7.9
17.0
27.1
49.0
127.9
298.8
788.7
2,445.5
8,590.1
...
Age-adjusted rate2 . . . . . . . . . . . . .
...
349.6
...
359.0
Under 1 year1 . . .
1–4 years . . . . .
5–14 years . . . .
15–24 years . . .
25–34 years . . .
35–44 years . . .
45–54 years . . .
55–64 years . . .
65–74 years . . .
75–84 years . . .
85 years and over
Not stated . . . .
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See footnotes at end of table.
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National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 61, No. 6, October 10, 2012
15
Table 1. Deaths and death rates, by age, sex, race, and Hispanic origin, and age-adjusted death rates, by sex, race,
and Hispanic origin: United States, final 2010 and preliminary 2011—Con.
[Data are based on a continuous file of records received from the states. Age-specific rates are per 100,000 population in specified group. Age-adjusted rates are per 100,000
U.S. standard population; see Technical Notes. Figures for 2011 are based on weighted data rounded to the nearest individual, so categories may not add to totals. Race and
Hispanic origin are reported separately on the death certificate. Data for Hispanic origin and specified races other than white and black should be interpreted with caution
because of inconsistencies between reporting Hispanic origin and race on death certificates and on censuses and surveys; see Technical Notes. Race categories are
consistent with the 1977 Office of Management and Budget (OMB) standards. Multiple-race data were reported by 38 states and the District of Columbia in 2011 and by 37
states and the District of Columbia in 2010; see Technical Notes. The multiple-race data for these states were bridged to the single-race categories of the 1977 OMB
standards for comparability with other states; see Technical Notes. Data for persons of Hispanic origin are included in the data for each race group, according to the
decedent’s reported race; see Technical Notes]
2011
Age, sex, race, and Hispanic origin
Number
2010
Rate
Number
Rate
Hispanic,6 both sexes
All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
149,234
286.7
144,490
286.2
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.
4,806
972
1,053
4,822
6,041
8,166
15,506
20,895
23,914
32,524
30,529
7
457.9
23.5
11.0
53.2
70.2
108.8
271.3
604.3
1,362.2
3,574.8
10,052.8
...
5,170
930
951
4,795
6,022
8,142
14,915
20,066
22,962
31,364
29,166
7
510.7
22.7
10.2
54.2
71.4
111.6
273.0
624.4
1,392.7
3,637.3
10,777.9
...
Age-adjusted rate2 . . . . . . . . . . . . .
...
539.3
...
558.6
All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
81,632
308.7
79,622
310.8
Under 1 year1 . . .
1–4 years . . . . .
5–14 years . . . .
15–24 years . . .
25–34 years . . .
35–44 years . . .
45–54 years . . .
55–64 years . . .
65–74 years . . .
75–84 years . . .
85 years and over
Not stated . . . .
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.
2,611
538
607
3,720
4,450
5,452
10,244
13,072
13,493
16,032
11,408
6
486.3
25.4
12.5
78.4
98.1
141.8
356.4
788.6
1,716.4
4,290.4
10,676.0
...
2,870
524
543
3,689
4,461
5,460
9,627
12,509
13,040
15,723
11,171
5
556.8
25.0
11.4
79.4
100.9
146.2
351.9
815.1
1,775.0
4,461.9
11,779.8
...
Age-adjusted rate2 . . . . . . . . . . . . .
...
645.3
...
677.7
Under 1 year1 . . .
1–4 years . . . . .
5–14 years . . . .
15–24 years . . .
25–34 years . . .
35–44 years . . .
45–54 years . . .
55–64 years . . .
65–74 years . . .
75–84 years . . .
85 years and over
Not stated . . . .
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6
Hispanic male
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Hispanic6 female
All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
67,602
264.0
64,868
260.9
Under 1 year1 . . .
1–4 years . . . . .
5–14 years . . . .
15–24 years . . .
25–34 years . . .
35–44 years . . .
45–54 years . . .
55–64 years . . .
65–74 years . . .
75–84 years . . .
85 years and over
Not stated . . . .
.
.
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.
.
2,195
434
445
1,103
1,591
2,714
5,262
7,823
10,421
16,492
19,120
1
428.2
21.4
9.5
25.6
39.1
74.1
185.2
434.6
1,075.0
3,076.1
9,714.0
...
2,300
406
408
1,106
1,561
2,682
5,288
7,557
9,922
15,641
17,995
2
462.9
20.2
8.9
26.3
38.9
75.2
193.9
450.1
1,085.5
3,067.4
10,237.3
...
Age-adjusted rate2 . . . . . . . . . . . . .
...
451.8
...
463.4
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. . . Category not applicable.
– Quantity zero.
1
Death rates for ‘‘Under 1 year’’ (based on population estimates) differ from infant mortality rates (based on live births). See text for additional information on the infant mortality rate.
2
For method of computation, see Technical Notes.
3
AIAN is American Indian or Alaska Native.
4
Includes deaths among Aleut and Eskimo persons.
5
API is Asian or Pacific Islander.
6
Includes all persons of Hispanic origin of any race; see Technical Notes.
NOTE: Data are subject to sampling or random variation. For information regarding the calculation of standard errors and further discussion of the variability of the data, see Technical Notes.
2011
2010
Cause of death (based on the International
Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, 2008 Edition, 2009)
Number
Rate
Age-adjusted
rate
Number
Rate
Age-adjusted
rate
All causes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2,512,873
806.5
740.6
2,468,435
799.5
747.0
42
8
10,972
536
392
144
8
4
85
35,539
45
–
5
1
7,794
7,638
1
0.0
*
3.5
0.2
0.1
0.0
*
*
0.0
11.4
0.0
*
*
*
2.5
2.5
*
0.0
*
3.3
0.2
0.1
0.0
*
*
0.0
10.5
0.0
*
*
*
2.1
2.4
*
28
3
10,276
569
423
146
26
3
79
34,812
28
–
9
2
7,564
8,369
10
0.0
*
3.3
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.0
*
0.0
11.3
0.0
*
*
*
2.4
2.7
*
0.0
*
3.1
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.0
*
0.0
10.6
0.0
*
*
*
2.1
2.6
*
5,713
575,313
8,625
14,413
10,995
52,243
21,519
37,371
3,710
156,614
9,126
41,271
4,080
8,615
14,312
27,929
13,520
14,969
14,492
56,263
1,172
20,221
22,982
11,808
1.8
184.6
2.8
4.6
3.5
16.8
6.9
12.0
1.2
50.3
2.9
13.2
1.3
2.8
4.6
9.0
4.3
4.8
4.7
18.1
0.4
6.5
7.4
3.8
1.7
168.6
2.5
4.1
3.2
15.3
6.1
10.9
1.1
45.9
2.7
12.0
1.2
2.5
4.2
8.3
4.0
4.4
4.3
16.8
0.4
6.0
6.9
3.5
5,805
574,743
8,474
14,490
11,390
52,622
20,305
36,888
3,691
158,318
9,154
41,435
3,939
8,402
14,572
28,561
13,219
14,731
14,164
55,590
1,231
20,294
22,569
11,428
1.9
186.2
2.7
4.7
3.7
17.0
6.6
11.9
1.2
51.3
3.0
13.4
1.3
2.7
4.7
9.3
4.3
4.8
4.6
18.0
0.4
6.6
7.3
3.7
1.8
172.8
2.5
4.3
3.4
15.8
6.0
11.0
1.1
47.6
2.8
12.4
1.2
2.5
4.4
8.7
3.9
4.5
4.3
17.0
0.4
6.2
6.9
3.4
Salmonella infections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (A01–A02)
Shigellosis and amebiasis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (A03,A06)
Certain other intestinal infections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (A04,A07–A09)
Tuberculosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (A16–A19)
Respiratory tuberculosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (A16)
Other tuberculosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (A17–A19)
Whooping cough . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (A37)
Scarlet fever and erysipelas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (A38,A46)
Meningococcal infection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (A39)
Septicemia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (A40–A41)
Syphilis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (A50–A53)
Acute poliomyelitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (A80)
Arthropod-borne viral encephalitis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (A83–A84,A85.2)
Measles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (B05)
Viral hepatitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(B15–B19)1
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (B20–B24)
Malaria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (B50–B54)
Other and unspecified infectious and parasitic diseases and their sequelae . . . . . . . . . . . (A00,A05,A20–A36,
A42–A44,A48–A49,A54–A79,A81–A82,A85.0–A85.1,A85.8,A86–B04,B06–B09,B25–B49,B55–B99)
Malignant neoplasms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (C00–C97)
Malignant neoplasms of lip, oral cavity and pharynx . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (C00–C14)
Malignant neoplasm of esophagus. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (C15)
Malignant neoplasm of stomach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (C16)
Malignant neoplasms of colon, rectum and anus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (C18–C21)
Malignant neoplasms of liver and intrahepatic bile ducts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (C22)
Malignant neoplasm of pancreas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (C25)
Malignant neoplasm of larynx. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (C32)
Malignant neoplasms of trachea, bronchus and lung . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (C33–C34)
Malignant melanoma of skin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (C43)
Malignant neoplasm of breast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (C50)
Malignant neoplasm of cervix uteri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (C53)
Malignant neoplasms of corpus uteri and uterus, part unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (C54–C55)
Malignant neoplasm of ovary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (C56)
Malignant neoplasm of prostate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (C61)
Malignant neoplasms of kidney and renal pelvis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (C64–C65)
Malignant neoplasm of bladder. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (C67)
Malignant neoplasms of meninges, brain and other parts of central nervous system . . . . . . . . . (C70–C72)
Malignant neoplasms of lymphoid, hematopoietic and related tissue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (C81–C96)
Hodgkin’s disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (C81)
Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (C82–C85)
Leukemia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (C91–C95)
Multiple myeloma and immunoproliferative neoplasms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (C88,C90)
See footnotes at end of table.
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 61, No. 6, October 10, 2012
[Data are based on a continuous file of records received from the states. Rates per 100,000 population. Age-adjusted rates are per 100,000 U.S. standard population; see Technical Notes. For explanation of asterisks (*)
preceding cause-of-death codes; see Technical Notes. Figures for 2011 are based on weighted data rounded to the nearest individual, so categories may not add to totals or subtotals]
16
Table 2. Deaths, death rates, and age-adjusted death rates for 113 selected causes, Injury by firearms, Drug-induced deaths, Alcohol-induced deaths,
Injury at work, and Enterocolitis due to Clostridium difficile: United States, final 2010 and preliminary 2011
Table 2. Deaths, death rates, and age-adjusted death rates for 113 selected causes, Injury by firearms, Drug-induced deaths, Alcohol-induced deaths,
Injury at work, and Enterocolitis due to Clostridium difficile: United States, final 2010 and preliminary 2011—Con.
[Data are based on a continuous file of records received from the states. Rates per 100,000 population. Age-adjusted rates are per 100,000 U.S. standard population; see Technical Notes. For explanation of asterisks (*)
preceding cause-of-death codes; see Technical Notes. Figures for 2011 are based on weighted data rounded to the nearest individual, so categories may not add to totals or subtotals]
2011
Cause of death (based on the International
Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, 2008 Edition, 2009)
See footnotes at end of table.
Rate
79
0.0
65,248
14,992
4,956
73,282
3,177
2,993
184
606
23,107
84,691
778,503
596,339
3,070
33,383
3,598
374,601
119,732
3,952
250,916
58,261
192,656
181,686
1,165
790
59,544
120,188
27,477
128,931
7,011
18,746
10,030
8,716
4,317
53,667
1,532
52,136
241
210
31
143,382
20.9
4.8
1.6
23.5
1.0
1.0
0.1
0.2
7.4
27.2
249.8
191.4
1.0
10.7
1.2
120.2
38.4
1.3
80.5
18.7
61.8
58.3
0.4
0.3
19.1
38.6
8.8
41.4
2.3
6.0
3.2
2.8
1.4
17.2
0.5
16.7
0.1
0.1
0.0
46.0
Age-adjusted
rate
Age-adjusted
rate
Number
Rate
0.0
68
0.0
0.0
19.2
4.5
1.5
21.5
0.9
0.9
0.0
0.2
7.0
24.6
227.1
173.7
0.9
9.6
1.0
109.0
34.9
1.1
72.9
16.7
56.2
53.1
0.3
0.2
17.3
35.2
8.0
37.9
2.0
5.5
3.0
2.5
1.3
15.7
0.4
15.2
0.1
0.0
0.0
42.7
64,798
14,917
4,852
69,071
2,948
2,790
158
608
22,032
83,494
780,213
597,689
2,987
33,678
2,807
379,559
122,071
4,170
253,318
57,438
195,880
178,658
1,103
776
57,757
119,022
26,634
129,476
7,230
19,184
10,431
8,753
4,241
50,097
500
49,597
213
177
36
138,080
21.0
4.8
1.6
22.4
1.0
0.9
0.1
0.2
7.1
27.0
252.7
193.6
1.0
10.9
0.9
122.9
39.5
1.4
82.0
18.6
63.4
57.9
0.4
0.3
18.7
38.6
8.6
41.9
2.3
6.2
3.4
2.8
1.4
16.2
0.2
16.1
0.1
0.1
0.0
44.7
19.5
4.6
1.5
20.8
0.9
0.8
0.0
0.2
6.8
25.1
234.2
179.1
0.9
10.0
0.8
113.6
36.5
1.3
75.9
17.0
58.9
53.7
0.3
0.2
17.3
35.9
8.0
39.1
2.2
5.8
3.2
2.6
1.3
15.1
0.1
14.9
0.1
0.0
0.0
42.2
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 61, No. 6, October 10, 2012
Other and unspecified malignant neoplasms of lymphoid, hematopoietic and related
tissue. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (C96)
All other and unspecified malignant neoplasms . . . . . . . . . . .(C17,C23–C24,C26–C31,C37–C41,C44–C49,
C51–C52,C57–C60,C62–C63,C66,C68–C69,C73–C80,C97)
In situ neoplasms, benign neoplasms and neoplasms of uncertain or unknown behavior . . . . . . . . (D00–D48)
Anemias . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (D50–D64)
Diabetes mellitus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (E10–E14)
Nutritional deficiencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (E40–E64)
Malnutrition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (E40–E46)
Other nutritional deficiencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (E50–E64)
Meningitis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (G00,G03)
Parkinson’s disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (G20–G21)2
Alzheimer’s disease. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (G30)
Major cardiovascular diseases. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (I00–I78)
Diseases of heart. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (I00–I09,I11,I13,I20–I51)
Acute rheumatic fever and chronic rheumatic heart diseases. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (I00–I09)
Hypertensive heart disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (I11)
Hypertensive heart and renal disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(I13)
Ischemic heart diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (I20–I25)
Acute myocardial infarction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (I21–I22)
Other acute ischemic heart diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(I24)
Other forms of chronic ischemic heart disease. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (I20,I25)
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, so described . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(I25.0)
All other forms of chronic ischemic heart disease. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (I20,I25.1–I25.9)
Other heart diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (I26–I51)
Acute and subacute endocarditis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(I33)
Diseases of pericardium and acute myocarditis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (I30–I31,I40)
Heart failure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(I50)
All other forms of heart disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (I26–I28,I34–I38,I42–I49,I51)
Essential hypertension and hypertensive renal disease. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (I10,I12,I15)
Cerebrovascular diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (I60–I69)
Atherosclerosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(I70)
Other diseases of circulatory system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(I71–I78)3
Aortic aneurysm and dissection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(I71)
Other diseases of arteries, arterioles and capillaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(I72–I78)3
Other disorders of circulatory system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (I80–I99)
Influenza and pneumonia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (J09–J18)4
Influenza . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(J09–J11)
Pneumonia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (J12–J18)4
Other acute lower respiratory infections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (J20–J22,U04)5
Acute bronchitis and bronchiolitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (J20–J21)5
Other and unspecified acute lower respiratory infections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(J22,U04)
Chronic lower respiratory diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(J40–J47)
Number
2010
17
2011
Cause of death (based on the International
Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, 2008 Edition, 2009)
Bronchitis, chronic and unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(J40–J42)
Emphysema . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (J43)
Asthma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(J45–J46)
Other chronic lower respiratory diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (J44,J47)
Pneumoconioses and chemical effects. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (J60–J66,J68)
Pneumonitis due to solids and liquids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (J69)
Other diseases of respiratory system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (J00–J06,J30–J39,J67,J70–J98)
Peptic ulcer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (K25–K28)
Diseases of appendix. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(K35–K38)6
Hernia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (K40–K46)
Chronic liver disease and cirrhosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (K70,K73–K74)
Alcoholic liver disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (K70)
Other chronic liver disease and cirrhosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (K73–K74)
Cholelithiasis and other disorders of gallbladder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (K80–K82)
Nephritis, nephrotic syndrome and nephrosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(N00–N07,N17–N19,N25–N27)7
Acute and rapidly progressive nephritic and nephrotic syndrome . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (N00–N01,N04)
Chronic glomerulonephritis, nephrosis and nephropathy not specified as acute or chronic, and
renal sclerosis unspecified. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (N02–N03,N05–N07,N26)
Renal failure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (N17–N19)7
Other disorders of kidney . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (N25,N27)
Infections of kidney . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (N10–N12,N13.6,N15.1)
Hyperplasia of prostate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (N40)
Inflammatory diseases of female pelvic organs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (N70–N76)
Pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (O00–O99)8
Pregnancy with abortive outcome . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (O00–O07)
Other complications of pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (O10–O99)8
Certain conditions originating in the perinatal period. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P00–P96)
Congenital malformations, deformations and chromosomal abnormalities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (Q00–Q99)
Symptoms, signs and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings, not elsewhere classified . . . . . . . . (R00–R99)
All other diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (residual)
Accidents (unintentional injuries) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (V01–X59,Y85–Y86)9
Transport accidents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (V01–V99,Y85)
Motor vehicle accidents. . . . . . . . . . . . (V02–V04,V09.0,V09.2,V12–V14,V19.0–V19.2,V19.4–V19.6,V20–
V79,V80.3–V80.5,V81.0–V81.1,V82.0–V82.1,V83–V86,V87.0–V87.8,V88.0–V88.8,V89.0,V89.2)
Other land transport accidents. . . . . . . . . . (V01,V05–V06,V09.1,V09.3–V09.9,V10–V11,V15–V18,V19.3,
V19.8–V19.9,V80.0–V80.2,V80.6–V80.9,V81.2–V81.9,V82.2–V82.9,V87.9,V88.9,
V89.1,V89.3,V89.9)
Water, air and space, and other and unspecified transport accidents and
their sequelae. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (V90–V99,Y85)
Nontransport accidents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (W00–X59,Y86)9
Falls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (W00–W19)
Accidental discharge of firearms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (W32–W34)
Accidental drowning and submersion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (W65–W74)
Accidental exposure to smoke, fire and flames . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (X00–X09)
See footnotes at end of table.
2010
Number
Rate
Age-adjusted
rate
Number
Rate
Age-adjusted
rate
594
9,418
3,311
130,059
774
18,090
32,693
2,981
387
1,884
33,539
16,634
16,905
3,324
45,731
315
0.2
3.0
1.1
41.7
0.2
5.8
10.5
1.0
0.1
0.6
10.8
5.3
5.4
1.1
14.7
0.1
0.2
2.8
1.0
38.7
0.2
5.3
9.7
0.8
0.1
0.6
9.7
4.8
4.9
1.0
13.4
0.1
620
10,034
3,404
124,022
845
17,011
31,187
2,977
415
1,832
31,903
15,990
15,913
3,332
50,476
203
0.2
3.2
1.1
40.2
0.3
5.5
10.1
1.0
0.1
0.6
10.3
5.2
5.2
1.1
16.3
0.1
0.2
3.1
1.0
37.9
0.3
5.1
9.5
0.9
0.1
0.5
9.4
4.7
4.7
1.0
15.3
0.0
1,710
43,682
24
648
517
133
940
28
912
11,969
9,646
47,747
288,936
122,777
37,275
0.5
14.0
0.0
0.2
0.2
0.0
0.3
0.0
0.3
3.8
3.1
15.3
92.7
39.4
12.0
0.5
12.8
0.0
0.2
0.2
0.0
0.3
0.0
0.3
4.1
3.2
14.2
84.4
38.0
11.7
5,894
44,362
17
608
489
137
825
37
788
12,128
9,673
38,360
269,844
120,859
37,961
1.9
14.4
*
0.2
0.2
0.0
0.3
0.0
0.3
3.9
3.1
12.4
87.4
39.1
12.3
1.8
13.4
*
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.3
0.0
0.3
4.2
3.2
11.7
81.1
38.0
12.1
34,677
11.1
10.9
35,332
11.4
11.3
952
0.3
0.3
1,029
0.3
0.3
1,647
85,502
26,631
851
3,555
2,621
0.5
27.4
8.5
0.3
1.1
0.8
0.5
26.2
7.8
0.3
1.1
0.8
1,600
82,898
26,009
606
3,782
2,782
0.5
26.8
8.4
0.2
1.2
0.9
0.5
25.9
7.9
0.2
1.2
0.9
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 61, No. 6, October 10, 2012
[Data are based on a continuous file of records received from the states. Rates per 100,000 population. Age-adjusted rates are per 100,000 U.S. standard population; see Technical Notes. For explanation of asterisks (*)
preceding cause-of-death codes; see Technical Notes. Figures for 2011 are based on weighted data rounded to the nearest individual, so categories may not add to totals or subtotals]
18
Table 2. Deaths, death rates, and age-adjusted death rates for 113 selected causes, Injury by firearms, Drug-induced deaths, Alcohol-induced deaths,
Injury at work, and Enterocolitis due to Clostridium difficile: United States, final 2010 and preliminary 2011—Con.
Table 2. Deaths, death rates, and age-adjusted death rates for 113 selected causes, Injury by firearms, Drug-induced deaths, Alcohol-induced deaths,
Injury at work, and Enterocolitis due to Clostridium difficile: United States, final 2010 and preliminary 2011—Con.
[Data are based on a continuous file of records received from the states. Rates per 100,000 population. Age-adjusted rates are per 100,000 U.S. standard population; see Technical Notes. For explanation of asterisks (*)
preceding cause-of-death codes; see Technical Notes. Figures for 2011 are based on weighted data rounded to the nearest individual, so categories may not add to totals or subtotals]
2011
Cause of death (based on the International
Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, 2008 Edition, 2009)
Accidental poisoning and exposure to noxious substances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (X40–X49)
Other and unspecified nontransport accidents and their sequelae . . . . . . . . . . . . (W20–W31,W35–W64,
W75–W99,X10–X39,X50–X59,Y86)9
Intentional self-harm (suicide) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (*U03,X60–X84,Y87.0)
Intentional self-harm (suicide) by discharge of firearms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (X72–X74)
Intentional self-harm (suicide) by other and unspecified means and their
sequelae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (*U03,X60–X71,X75–X84,Y87.0)
Assault (homicide). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (*U01–*U02,X85–Y09,Y87.1)
Assault (homicide) by discharge of firearms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (*U01.4,X93–X95)
Assault (homicide) by other and unspecified means and their sequelae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (*U01.0–*U01.3,
*U01.5–*U01.9,*U02,X85–X92,X96–Y09,Y87.1)
Legal intervention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (Y35,Y89.0)
Events of undetermined intent. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (Y10–Y34,Y87.2,Y89.9)
Discharge of firearms, undetermined intent. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (Y22–Y24)
Other and unspecified events of undetermined intent and their sequelae . . . (Y10–Y21,Y25–Y34,Y87.2,Y89.9)
Operations of war and their sequelae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (Y36,Y89.1)
Complications of medical and surgical care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (Y40–Y84,Y88)
Number
Rate
Age-adjusted
rate
Number
Rate
Age-adjusted
rate
33,554
10.8
10.7
33,041
10.7
10.6
18,289
38,285
19,766
5.9
12.3
6.3
5.5
12.0
6.1
16,678
38,364
19,392
5.4
12.4
6.3
5.2
12.1
6.1
18,519
15,953
11,101
5.9
5.1
3.6
5.9
5.2
3.6
18,972
16,259
11,078
6.1
5.3
3.6
6.0
5.3
3.6
4,852
258
4,446
222
4,224
9
2,580
1.6
0.1
1.4
0.1
1.4
*
0.8
1.6
0.1
1.4
0.1
1.3
*
0.8
5,181
412
4,908
252
4,656
9
2,490
1.7
0.1
1.6
0.1
1.5
*
0.8
1.7
0.1
1.6
0.1
1.5
*
0.8
32,163
10.3
10.1
31,672
10.3
10.1
40,239
26,256
4,160
7,994
12.9
8.4
1.7
2.6
12.8
7.6
1.6
2.4
40,393
25,692
4,157
7,298
13.1
8.3
1.7
2.4
12.9
7.6
1.7
2.2
0.0 Quantity more than zero but less than 0.05.
* Figure does not meet standards of reliability or precision; see Technical Notes.
– Quantity zero.
1
New ICD–10 code B17.9 (Acute viral hepatitis, unspecified) was added to the category in 2011; see Technical Notes.
2
New ICD–10 code G21.4 (Vascular parkinsonism) was added to the category in 2011; see Technical Notes.
3
New ICD–10 code I72.5 (Aneurysm and dissection of other precerebral arteres) was added to the category in 2011; see Technical Notes.
4
New ICD–10 code J12.3 (Human metapneumovirus pneumonia) was added to the category in 2011; see Technical Notes.
5
New ICD–10 code J21.1 (Acute brochiolitis due to human metapneumovirus) was added to the category in 2011; see Technical Notes.
6
New subcategories replace previous ones for K35 (Acute appendicitis) in 2011; see Technical Notes.
7
New subcategories replace previous ones for N18 (Chronic kidney disease) in 2011. Changes affect comparability with previous year’s data; see Techinical Notes.
8
New ICD–10 codes O14.2 (HELLP syndrome), O43.2 (Morbidly adherent placenta) were added to the category and new ICD–10 subcategories were introduced for the existing O96 (Death from any obstetric cause occurring during pregnancy but less than
one year after delivery) and O97 (Death from sequelae of direct obstetric causes); see Technical Notes.
9
New ICD–10 subcategories were introduced for the existing X34 (Victim of earthquake); see Technical Notes.
10
Included in selected categories above.
11
Injury at work is described in Technical Notes.
12
Included in ‘‘Certain other intestinal infections (A04,A07–A09)’’ shown above; see Technical Notes.
19
NOTES: For certain causes of death such as unintentional injuries, homicides, suicides, and respiratory diseases, preliminary and final data differ because of the truncated nature of the preliminary file. Data are subject to sampling or random variation. For
information regarding the calculation of standard errors and further discussion of the variability of the data, see Technical Notes.
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 61, No. 6, October 10, 2012
Injury by firearms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (*U01.4,W32–W34,X72–X74,X93–X95,Y22–Y24,Y35.0)10
Drug-induced deaths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(D52.1,D59.0,D59.2,D61.1,D64.2,E06.4,E16.0,E23.1,E24.2,E27.3,
E66.1,F11.0–F11.5,F11.7–F11.9,F12.0–F12.5,F12.7–F12.9,F13.0–F13.5,F13.7–F13.9,F14.0–F14.5,
F14.7–F14.9,F15.0–F15.5,F15.7–F15.9,F16.0–F16.5,F16.7–F16.9,F17.0,F17.3–F17.5,F17.7–F17.9,
F18.0–F18.5,F18.7–18.9,F19.0–F19.5,F19.7–F19.9,G21.1,G24.0,G25.1,G25.4,G25.6,G44.4,
G62.0,G72.0,I95.2,J70.2–J70.4,K85.3,L10.5,L27.0–L27.1,M10.2,M32.0,M80.4,M81.4,M83.5,M87.1,
R50.2,R78.1–R78.5,X40–X44,X60–X64,X85,Y10–14)10
Alcohol-induced deaths . . . . (E24.4,F10,G31.2,G62.1,G72.1,I42.6,K29.2,K70,K85.2,K86.0,R78.0,X45,X65,Y15)10
Injury at work11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Enterocolitis due to Clostridium difficile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (A04.7)12
2010
20
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 61, No. 6, October 10, 2012
Table 3. Deaths, death rates, and age-adjusted death rates: United States, and each state and territory, final 2010 and
preliminary 2011
[By place of residence. Data are based on a continuous file of records received from the states. Rates are per 100,000 population. Age-adjusted rates are per 100,000 U.S.
standard population; see Technical Notes. Figures for 2011 are based on weighted data rounded to the nearest individual, so categories may not add to totals]
2011
Area
Number
1
United States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rate
2010
Age-adjusted rate
Number
Rate
Age-adjusted rate
2,513,171
806.6
740.6
2,468,435
799.5
747.0
Alabama . . . . . . .
Alaska . . . . . . . .
Arizona . . . . . . . .
Arkansas . . . . . . .
California. . . . . . .
Colorado . . . . . . .
Connecticut . . . . .
Delaware. . . . . . .
District of Columbia
Florida . . . . . . . .
.
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.
.
.
48,683
3,849
48,381
29,632
238,993
32,563
29,548
7,840
4,589
173,961
1,013.7
532.6
746.3
1,008.6
634.1
636.4
825.2
864.3
742.6
912.8
933.7
747.9
688.9
894.6
638.8
677.8
660.9
763.4
756.0
677.1
48,038
3,728
46,762
28,916
234,012
31,465
28,692
7,706
4,672
173,791
1,005.0
524.9
731.6
991.7
628.2
625.6
802.8
858.2
776.4
924.4
939.7
771.5
693.1
892.7
646.7
682.7
652.9
769.9
792.4
701.1
Georgia .
Hawaii . .
Idaho . . .
Illinois . .
Indiana . .
Iowa . . .
Kansas . .
Kentucky .
Louisiana.
Maine. . .
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.
.
.
70,401
9,921
12,026
101,898
58,195
28,184
25,119
42,624
40,680
13,031
717.3
721.6
758.7
791.8
893.0
920.4
874.8
975.5
889.2
981.1
806.2
584.8
744.9
737.3
825.0
722.7
767.2
910.3
882.1
749.5
71,263
9,617
11,429
99,931
56,743
27,745
24,502
41,983
40,667
12,750
735.6
707.0
729.1
778.8
875.2
910.8
858.8
967.5
897.1
959.8
845.4
589.6
731.6
736.9
820.6
721.7
762.2
915.0
903.8
749.6
Maryland . . . . .
Massachusetts .
Michigan . . . . .
Minnesota . . . .
Mississippi . . . .
Missouri . . . . .
Montana . . . . .
Nebraska. . . . .
Nevada. . . . . .
New Hampshire.
.
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.
43,750
53,699
89,496
39,822
29,278
55,813
9,117
15,477
20,340
10,821
750.6
815.2
906.2
745.1
983.0
928.6
913.3
839.9
746.9
820.9
715.9
676.1
784.2
659.2
956.2
811.4
760.7
719.8
789.6
710.0
43,325
52,583
88,021
38,972
28,965
55,281
8,827
15,171
19,623
10,201
750.4
803.1
890.6
734.8
976.1
923.1
892.1
830.7
726.6
774.9
728.6
675.0
786.2
661.5
962.0
819.5
754.7
717.8
795.4
690.4
New Jersey . .
New Mexico . .
New York . . .
North Carolina.
North Dakota .
Ohio . . . . . .
Oklahoma . . .
Oregon . . . . .
Pennsylvania .
Rhode Island .
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.
.
70,553
16,434
148,903
79,875
5,964
111,444
37,142
32,786
128,290
9,585
799.8
789.3
765.0
827.2
872.0
965.3
979.6
846.8
1,006.8
911.7
690.6
748.0
664.2
790.8
697.3
822.0
910.1
724.1
776.1
707.6
69,495
15,931
146,432
78,773
5,944
108,711
36,529
31,890
124,596
9,579
790.4
773.7
755.7
826.1
883.7
942.3
973.8
832.4
980.9
910.1
691.1
749.0
665.5
804.9
704.3
815.7
915.5
723.1
765.9
721.7
South Carolina
South Dakota .
Tennessee . . .
Texas . . . . . .
Utah . . . . . .
Vermont . . . .
Virginia . . . . .
Washington . .
West Virginia .
Wisconsin . . .
Wyoming . . . .
.
.
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.
.
42,093
7,313
60,544
168,643
15,265
5,434
60,807
49,692
21,868
48,419
4,387
899.6
887.4
945.5
656.8
541.8
867.5
751.0
727.6
1,178.6
847.7
772.1
839.9
720.4
879.1
751.6
699.0
711.0
741.6
690.4
953.3
721.3
754.6
41,614
7,100
59,578
166,527
14,776
5,380
59,032
48,146
21,275
47,308
4,438
899.7
872.0
938.8
662.3
534.6
859.8
737.8
716.0
1,148.1
831.9
787.4
854.8
715.1
890.8
772.3
703.2
718.7
741.6
692.3
933.6
719.0
778.8
Puerto Rico . . . .
Virgin Islands . . .
Guam. . . . . . . .
American Samoa .
Northern Marianas
.
.
.
.
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.
.
29,641
--
825
276
--
799.7
--
516.9
500.0
--
708.7
--
756.1
1,090.3
--
29,153
715
857
224
174
783.3
672.8
537.5
403.8
325.1
712.8
663.2
810.6
932.9
863.3
- - - Data not available.
1
Excludes data for Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, and Northern Marianas.
NOTE: Data are subject to sampling or random variation. For information regarding the calculation of standard errors and further discussion of the variability of the data, see Technical Notes.
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 61, No. 6, October 10, 2012
21
Table 4. Infant deaths and infant mortality rates, by age, race, and Hispanic origin: United States, final 2010 and
preliminary 2011
[Data are based on the continuous file of records received from the states. Rates per 1,000 live births. Figures for 2011 are based on weighted data rounded to the nearest
individual, so categories may not add to totals. Race and Hispanic origin are reported separately on both the birth and death certificate. Rates for Hispanic origin should be
interpreted with caution because of the inconsistencies between reporting Hispanic origin on birth and death certificates; see Technical Notes. Race categories are consistent
with the 1977 Office of Management and Budget (OMB) standards. Multiple-race data were reported for deaths by 38 states and District of Columbia in 2011, and by 37
states and the District of Columbia in 2010, and were reported for births, by 40 states and District of Columbia in 2011, and by 38 states and the District of Columbia in 2010;
see Technical Notes. The multiple-race data for these states were bridged to the single-race categories of the 1977 OMB standards for comparability with other states; see
Technical Notes]
2011
2010
Age, race, and Hispanic origin
Number
Rate
Number
Rate
All races1
Under 1 year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Under 28 days . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
28 days–11 months . . . . . . . . . . .
23,910
15,954
7,956
6.05
4.04
2.01
24,586
16,188
8,398
6.15
4.05
2.10
15,438
10,422
5,016
5.11
3.45
1.66
15,954
10,612
5,342
5.20
3.46
1.74
10,872
7,191
3,681
5.05
3.34
1.71
11,025
7,212
3,813
5.10
3.34
1.76
7,234
4,719
2,515
11.42
7.45
3.97
7,401
4,769
2,632
11.63
7.49
4.14
4,806
3,353
1,453
5.27
3.68
1.59
5,170
3,524
1,646
5.47
3.73
1.74
Total white
Under 1 year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Under 28 days . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
28 days–11 months . . . . . . . . . . .
Non-Hispanic white
Under 1 year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Under 28 days . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
28 days–11 months . . . . . . . . . . .
Total black
Under 1 year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Under 28 days . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
28 days–11 months . . . . . . . . . . .
Hispanic2
Under 1 year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Under 28 days . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
28 days–11 months . . . . . . . . . . .
1
2
Includes races other than white and black.
Includes all persons of Hispanic origin of any race; see Technical Notes.
NOTES: Data are subject to sampling or random variation. For information regarding the calculation of standard errors and further discussion of the variability of the data, see Technical Notes.
Although the infant mortality rate is the preferred indicator of the risk of dying during the first year of life, another measure of infant mortality, the infant death rate, is shown elsewhere in this report.
The two measures typically are similar, yet they can differ because the denominators used for these measures are different. For more information on these measures of risk, see ‘‘Infant mortality’’
section in the Technical Notes.
22
Table 5. Infant deaths and infant mortality rates for 130 selected causes: United States, final 2010 and preliminary 2011
2011
Cause of death (based on the International
Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, 2008 Edition, 2009)
All causes
Certain infectious and parasitic diseases . . . . . .
Certain intestinal infectious diseases . . . . . . .
Diarrhea and gastroenteritis of infectious origin .
Tuberculosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tetanus. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Diphtheria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Whooping cough . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Meningococcal infection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Septicemia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Congenital syphilis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Gonococcal infection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Viral diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Acute poliomyelitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Varicella (chickenpox) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Measles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease
Mumps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other and unspecified viral diseases . . . . . .
Candidiasis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Malaria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pneumocystosis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
All other and unspecified infectious and parasitic
1
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(A00–B99)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (A00–A08)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (A09)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (A16–A19)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (A33,A35)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (A36)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (A37)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (A39)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (A40–A41)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (A50)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (A54)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(A80–B34)1
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (A80)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (B01)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (B05)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (B20–B24)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (B26)
. . . . . . . . . .(A81–B00,B02–B04,B06–B19,B25,B27–B34)1
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (B37)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (B50–B54)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (B59)
diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (A20–A32,A38,A42–A49,
A51–A53,A55–A79,B35–B36,B38–B49,B55–B58,B60–B99)
Neoplasms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (C00–D48)
Malignant neoplasms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (C00–C97)
Hodgkin’s disease and non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (C81–C85)
Leukemia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (C91–C95)
Other and unspecified malignant neoplasms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (C00–C80,C88,C90,C96–C97)
In situ neoplasms, benign neoplasms and neoplasms of uncertain or unknown behavior. . . . . . . (D00–D48)
Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs and certain disorders involving the
immune mechanism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (D50–D89)
Anemias . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (D50–D64)
Hemorrhagic conditions and other diseases of blood and blood-forming organs . . . . . . . . . . . . (D65–D76)
Certain disorders involving the immune mechanism. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (D80–D89)
Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (E00–E88)
Short stature, not elsewhere classified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (E34.3)
Nutritional deficiencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (E40–E64)
Cystic fibrosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (E84)
Volume depletion, disorders of fluid, electrolyte and acid-base balance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (E86–E87)
All other endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (E00–E32,E34.0–E34.2,
E34.4–E34.9,E65–E83,E85,E88)
Diseases of the nervous system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (G00–G98)2
Meningitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (G00,G03)
Infantile spinal muscular atrophy, type I (Werdnig-Hoffman) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (G12.0)
See footnotes at end of table.
2010
Number
Rate
Number
Rate
23,907
604.7
24,586
614.7
552
3
257
2
–
–
8
6
173
2
–
68
–
–
–
3
–
65
2
–
2
14.0
*
6.5
*
*
*
*
*
4.4
*
*
1.7
*
*
*
*
*
1.6
*
*
*
696
7
316
–
–
–
25
11
215
2
–
92
–
–
–
–
–
92
6
–
–
17.4
*
7.9
*
*
*
0.6
*
5.4
*
*
2.3
*
*
*
*
*
2.3
*
*
*
29
128
71
2
23
47
57
0.7
3.2
1.8
*
0.6
1.2
1.4
22
110
62
2
25
35
48
0.6
2.8
1.6
*
0.6
0.9
1.2
94
12
63
19
177
2
12
4
40
2.4
*
1.6
*
4.5
*
*
*
1.0
95
15
60
20
188
2
3
5
48
2.4
*
1.5
0.5
4.7
*
*
*
1.2
118
314
56
–
3.0
7.9
1.4
*
130
345
58
4
3.3
8.6
1.5
*
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 61, No. 6, October 10, 2012
[Data are based on a continuous file of records from the states. Rates per 100,000 live births. For explanation of asterisks (*) preceding cause-of-death codes, see Technical Notes. Figures for 2011 are based on weighted data
rounded to the nearest individual, so categories may not add to totals or subtotals]
Table 5. Infant deaths and infant mortality rates for 130 selected causes: United States, final 2010 and preliminary 2011—Con.
[Data are based on a continuous file of records from the states. Rates per 100,000 live births. For explanation of asterisks (*) preceding cause-of-death codes, see Technical Notes. Figures for 2011 are based on weighted data
rounded to the nearest individual, so categories may not add to totals or subtotals]
2011
Cause of death (based on the International
Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, 2008 Edition, 2009)
See footnotes at end of table.
Number
Rate
Number
Rate
6
46
*
1.2
3
39
*
1.0
206
3
496
94
9
88
16
130
159
548
9
181
25
157
37
17
4
8
292
188
37
49
102
87
66
20
11,846
2,887
85
5.2
*
12.5
2.4
*
2.2
*
3.3
4.0
13.9
*
4.6
0.6
4.0
0.9
*
*
*
7.4
4.8
0.9
1.2
2.6
2.2
1.7
0.5
299.6
73.0
2.1
241
3
507
90
14
79
18
130
176
574
15
195
16
179
27
25
6
18
288
204
29
51
124
126
100
26
12,008
2,920
85
6.0
*
12.7
2.3
*
2.0
*
3.3
4.4
14.4
*
4.9
*
4.5
0.7
0.6
*
*
7.2
5.1
0.7
1.3
3.1
3.2
2.5
0.7
300.2
73.0
2.1
72
1,578
433
800
168
177
992
456
38
495
2
120
40
1.8
39.9
11.0
20.2
4.2
4.5
25.1
11.5
1.0
12.5
*
3.0
1.0
87
1,561
431
781
163
186
1,030
492
39
497
2
110
47
2.2
39.0
10.8
19.5
4.1
4.7
25.8
12.3
1.0
12.4
*
2.8
1.2
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 61, No. 6, October 10, 2012
Infantile cerebral palsy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (G80)
Anoxic brain damage, not elsewhere classified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (G93.1)
Other diseases of nervous system. . . . . . . . . . . . (G04,G06–G11,G12.1–G12.9,G20–G72,G81–G92,G93.0,
G93.2–G93.9,G95–G98)2
Diseases of the ear and mastoid process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (H60–H93)
Diseases of the circulatory system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(I00–I99)3
Pulmonary heart disease and diseases of pulmonary circulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (I26–I28)
Pericarditis, endocarditis and myocarditis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (I30,I33,I40)
Cardiomyopathy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(I42)
Cardiac arrest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(I46)
Cerebrovascular diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (I60–I69)
All other diseases of circulatory system. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (I00–I25,I31,I34–I38,I44–I45,I47–I51,I70–I99)3
Diseases of the respiratory system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (J00–J98,U04)4,5
Acute upper respiratory infections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(J00–J06)
Influenza and pneumonia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (J09–J18)4
Influenza . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(J09–J11)
Pneumonia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (J12–J18)4
Acute bronchitis and acute bronchiolitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (J20–J21)5
Bronchitis, chronic and unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(J40–J42)
Asthma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(J45–J46)
Pneumonitis due to solids and liquids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (J69)
Other and unspecified diseases of respiratory system . . . . . . (J22,J30–J39,J43–J44,J47–J68,J70–J98,U04)
Diseases of the digestive system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(K00–K92)6
Gastritis, duodenitis, and noninfective enteritis and colitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (K29,K50–K55)
Hernia of abdominal cavity and intestinal obstruction without hernia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (K40–K46,K56)
All other and unspecified diseases of digestive system. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (K00–K28,K30–K38,K57–K92)6
Diseases of the genitourinary system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (N00–N95)7
Renal failure and other disorders of kidney . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (N17–N19,N25,N27)7
Other and unspecified diseases of genitourinary system . . . . . . . . . . . (N00–N15,N20–N23,N26,N28–N95)
Certain conditions originating in the perinatal period. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P00–P96)
Newborn affected by maternal factors and by complications of pregnancy, labor and delivery . . . . (P00–P04)
Newborn affected by maternal hypertensive disorders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P00.0)
Newborn affected by other maternal conditions which may be unrelated to
present pregnancy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P00.1–P00.9)
Newborn affected by maternal complications of pregnancy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P01)
Newborn affected by incompetent cervix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P01.0)
Newborn affected by premature rupture of membranes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P01.1)
Newborn affected by multiple pregnancy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P01.5)
Newborn affected by other maternal complications of pregnancy . . . . . . . . (P01.2–P01.4,P01.6–P01.9)
Newborn affected by complications of placenta, cord and membranes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P02)
Newborn affected by complications involving placenta . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P02.0–P02.3)
Newborn affected by complications involving cord . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P02.4–P02.6)
Newborn affected by chorioamnionitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P02.7)
Newborn affected by other and unspecified abnormalities of membranes . . . . . . . . . . . (P02.8–P02.9)
Newborn affected by other complications of labor and delivery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P03)
Newborn affected by noxious influences transmitted via placenta or breast milk . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P04)
2010
23
24
Table 5. Infant deaths and infant mortality rates for 130 selected causes: United States, final 2010 and preliminary 2011—Con.
2011
2010
Cause of death (based on the International
Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, 2008 Edition, 2009)
Number
Rate
Number
Rate
Disorders related to length of gestation and fetal malnutrition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P05–P08)
Slow fetal growth and fetal malnutrition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P05)
Disorders related to short gestation and low birth weight, not elsewhere classified . . . . . . . . . . . . (P07)
Extremely low birth weight or extreme immaturity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P07.0,P07.2)
Other low birth weight or preterm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P07.1,P07.3)
Disorders related to long gestation and high birth weight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P08)
Birth trauma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P10–P15)
Intrauterine hypoxia and birth asphyxia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P20–P21)
Intrauterine hypoxia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P20)
Birth asphyxia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P21)
Respiratory distress of newborn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P22)
Other respiratory conditions originating in the perinatal period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P23–P28)
Congenital pneumonia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P23)
Neonatal aspiration syndromes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P24)
Interstitial emphysema and related conditions originating in the perinatal period . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P25)
Pulmonary hemorrhage originating in the perinatal period. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P26)
Chronic respiratory disease originating in the perinatal period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P27)
Atelectasis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P28.0–P28.1)
All other respiratory conditions originating in the perinatal period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P28.2–P28.9)
Infections specific to the perinatal period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P35–P39)
Bacterial sepsis of newborn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P36)
Omphalitis of newborn with or without mild hemorrhage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P38)
All other infections specific to the perinatal period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P35,P37,P39)
Hemorrhagic and hematological disorders of newborn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P50–P61)
Neonatal hemorrhage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P50–P52,P54)
Hemorrhagic disease of newborn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P53)
Hemolytic disease of newborn due to isoimmunization and other perinatal jaundice . . . . . . . . (P55–P59)
Hematological disorders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P60–P61)
Syndrome of infant of a diabetic mother and neonatal diabetes mellitus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P70.0–P70.2)
Necrotizing enterocolitis of newborn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P77)
Hydrops fetalis not due to hemolytic disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P83.2)
Other perinatal conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P29,P70.3–P76,P78–P81,P83.0–P83.1,P83.3–P96)
Congenital malformations, deformations and chromosomal abnormalities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (Q00–Q99)
Anencephaly and similar malformations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (Q00)
Congenital hydrocephalus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (Q03)
Spina bifida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (Q05)
Other congenital malformations of nervous system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (Q01–Q02,Q04,Q06–Q07)
Congenital malformations of heart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (Q20–Q24)
Other congenital malformations of circulatory system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (Q25–Q28)
Congenital malformations of respiratory system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (Q30–Q34)
Congenital malformations of digestive system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (Q35–Q45)
Congenital malformations of genitourinary system. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (Q50–Q64)
Congenital malformations and deformations of musculoskeletal system, limbs and integument . . . (Q65–Q85)
Down’s syndrome. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (Q90)
Edward’s syndrome . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(Q91.0–Q91.3)
Patau’s syndrome . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(Q91.4–Q91.7)
Other congenital malformations and deformations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (Q10–Q18,Q86–Q89)
4,195
78
4,116
3,169
948
–
20
308
119
189
514
802
68
47
86
167
105
260
70
717
526
4
187
541
444
–
16
80
8
386
170
1,298
4,984
276
84
19
299
1,173
179
366
63
462
534
87
472
251
534
106.1
2.0
104.1
80.2
24.0
*
0.5
7.8
3.0
4.8
13.0
20.3
1.7
1.2
2.2
4.2
2.7
6.6
1.8
18.1
13.3
*
4.7
13.7
11.2
*
*
2.0
*
9.8
4.3
32.8
126.1
7.0
2.1
*
7.6
29.7
4.5
9.3
1.6
11.7
13.5
2.2
11.9
6.3
13.5
4,233
85
4,148
3,176
972
–
19
314
136
178
514
812
71
51
106
167
106
248
63
745
583
1
161
556
469
1
7
79
3
472
150
1,270
5,107
293
105
15
318
1,148
176
399
88
457
577
85
470
244
542
105.8
2.1
103.7
79.4
24.3
*
*
7.9
3.4
4.5
12.9
20.3
1.8
1.3
2.7
4.2
2.7
6.2
1.6
18.6
14.6
*
4.0
13.9
11.7
*
*
2.0
*
11.8
3.8
31.8
127.7
7.3
2.6
*
8.0
28.7
4.4
10.0
2.2
11.4
14.4
2.1
11.8
6.1
13.6
See footnotes at end of table.
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 61, No. 6, October 10, 2012
[Data are based on a continuous file of records from the states. Rates per 100,000 live births. For explanation of asterisks (*) preceding cause-of-death codes, see Technical Notes. Figures for 2011 are based on weighted data
rounded to the nearest individual, so categories may not add to totals or subtotals]
Table 5. Infant deaths and infant mortality rates for 130 selected causes: United States, final 2010 and preliminary 2011—Con.
[Data are based on a continuous file of records from the states. Rates per 100,000 live births. For explanation of asterisks (*) preceding cause-of-death codes, see Technical Notes. Figures for 2011 are based on weighted data
rounded to the nearest individual, so categories may not add to totals or subtotals]
2011
Cause of death (based on the International
Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, 2008 Edition, 2009)
Number
Rate
Number
Rate
185
3,053
1,711
4.7
77.2
43.3
190
3,052
2,063
4.8
76.3
51.6
1,341
19
1,420
1,089
93
33.9
*
35.9
27.5
2.4
989
20
1,551
1,110
81
24.7
0.5
38.8
27.8
2.0
92
2.3
79
2.0
1
9
2
47
479
305
*
*
*
1.2
12.1
7.7
2
10
–
39
629
218
*
*
*
1.0
15.7
5.5
52
19
16
66
256
21
6
78
1.3
*
*
1.7
6.5
0.5
*
2.0
58
21
6
48
311
15
11
82
1.5
0.5
*
1.2
7.8
*
*
2.1
151
17
59
3.8
*
1.5
203
22
108
5.1
0.6
2.7
* Figure does not meet standards of reliability or precision; see Technical Notes.
– Quantity zero.
1
New ICD–code B17.9 (Acute viral hepatitis, unspecified) was added to the category in 2011; see Technical Notes.
2
New ICD–10 code G21.4 (Vascular parkinsonism) was added to the category in 2011; see Technical Notes.
3
New ICD–10 code I72.5 (Aneurysm and dissection of other precerebral arteres) was added to the category in 2011; see Technical Notes.
4
New ICD–10 code J12.3 (Human metapneumovirus pneumonia) was added to the category in 2011; see Technical Notes.
5
New ICD–10 code J21.1 (Acute brochiolitis due to human metapneumovirus) was added to the category in 2011; see Technical Notes.
6
New subcategories replaced previous ones for K35 (Acute appendicitis) in 2011; see Technical Notes.
7
New subcategories replaced previous ones for N18 (Chronic kidney disease) in 2011. Changes affect comparability with previous year’s data; see Technical Notes.
8
New ICD–10 subcategories were introduced for the existing X34 (Victim of earthquake); see Technical Notes.
NOTES: For certain causes of death such as unintentional injuries, homicides, sudden infant death syndrome, and respiratory diseases, preliminary and final data differ because of the truncated nature of the preliminary file. Data are subject to sampling or
random variation. For information regarding the calculation of standard errors and further discussion of the variability of the data, see Technical Notes. Although the infant mortality rate is the preferred indicator of the risk of dying during the first year of life,
another measure of infant mortality, the infant death rate, is shown elsewhere in this report. The two measures typically are similar, yet they can differ because the denominators used for these measures are different. For more information on these measures
of risk, see ‘‘Infant mortality’’ section in the Technical Notes.
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 61, No. 6, October 10, 2012
Other chromosomal abnormalities, not elsewhere classified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (Q92–Q99)
Symptoms, signs and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings, not elsewhere classified . . . . . . . . (R00–R99)
Sudden infant death syndrome . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (R95)
Other symptoms, signs and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings, not elsewhere
classified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (R00–R53,R55–R94,R96–R99)
All other diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (residual)
External causes of mortality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (*U01,V01–Y84)8
Accidents (unintentional injuries) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(V01–X59)8
Transport accidents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (V01–V99)
Motor vehicle accidents . . . . . . . (V02–V04,V09.0,V09.2,V12–V14,V19.0–V19.2,V19.4–V19.6,V20–V79,
V80.3–V80.5,V81.0–V81.1,V82.0–V82.1,V83–V86,V87.0–V87.8,
V88.0–V88.8,V89.0,V89.2)
Other and unspecified transport accidents . . . . . . . . . . . (V01,V05–V06,V09.1,V09.3–V09.9,V10–V11,
V15–V18,V19.3,V19.8–V19.9,V80.0–V80.2,V80.6–V80.9,V81.2–V81.9,V82.2–V82.9,
V87.9,V88.9,V89.1,V89.3,V89.9,V90–V99)
Falls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (W00–W19)
Accidental discharge of firearms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (W32–W34)
Accidental drowning and submersion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (W65–W74)
Accidental suffocation and strangulation in bed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (W75)
Other accidental suffocation and strangulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (W76–W77,W81–W84)
Accidental inhalation and ingestion of food or other objects causing obstruction of
respiratory tract . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (W78–W80)
Accidents caused by exposure to smoke, fire and flames. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (X00–X09)
Accidental poisoning and exposure to noxious substances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (X40–X49)
Other and unspecified accidents . . . . . . . . . . . . (W20–W31,W35–W64,W85–W99,X10–X39,X50–X59)8
Assault (homicide) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (*U01,X85–Y09)
Assault (homicide) by hanging, strangulation and suffocation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (X91)
Assault (homicide) by discharge of firearms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (*U01.4,X93–X95)
Neglect, abandonment and other maltreatment syndromes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (Y06–Y07)
Assault (homicide) by other and unspecified means . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (*U01.0–*U01.3,
*U01.5–*U01.9,X85–X90,X92,X96–X99,Y00–Y05,Y08–Y09)
Complications of medical and surgical care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (Y40–Y84)
Other external causes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (Y10–Y36)
2010
25
26
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 61, No. 6, October 10, 2012
Table 6. Expectation of life at selected ages, by race, Hispanic origin, race for non-Hispanic population, and sex:
United States, final 2010 and preliminary 2011
[Data are based on a continuous file of records from the states. Calculations of life expectancy employ populations estimated as of July 1 for 2011 and April 1 for 2010; see
Technical Notes. Race categories are consistent with the 1977 Office of Management and Budget (OMB) standards. Multiple-race data were reported by 38 states and the
District of Columbia in 2011 and by 37 states and the District of Columbia in 2010; see Technical Notes. The multiple-race data for these states were bridged to the
single-race categories of the 1977 OMB standards for comparability with other states; see Technical Notes. Race and Hispanic origin are reported separately on the death
certificate. Persons of Hispanic origin may be of any race. Data for Hispanic persons are not tabulated separately by race; data for non-Hispanic persons are tabulated by
race; see Technical Notes. The methodology used to produce life expectancies adjusts for misclassification for Hispanic and for race and ethnicity for the non-Hispanic
populations (see ‘‘Life tables’’ in Technical Notes). Adjustments do not account for other sources of error such as return migration (37)]
Both sexes
Age in years, and race
Male
Female
2011
2010
2011
2010
2011
2010
1
All races and origins
0 ..
1 ..
5 ..
10 . .
15 . .
20 . .
25 . .
30 . .
35 . .
40 . .
45 . .
50 . .
55 . .
60 . .
65 . .
70 . .
75 . .
80 . .
85 . .
90 . .
95 . .
100 .
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0 ..
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35 . .
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45 . .
50 . .
55 . .
60 . .
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78.7
78.2
74.3
69.3
64.4
59.5
54.8
50.0
45.3
40.6
36.0
31.5
27.2
23.1
19.2
15.5
12.1
9.1
6.5
4.6
3.2
2.3
78.7
78.1
74.2
69.3
64.3
59.5
54.7
50.0
45.2
40.5
35.9
31.4
27.2
23.1
19.1
15.5
12.1
9.1
6.5
4.6
3.2
2.3
76.3
75.8
71.9
66.9
62.0
57.2
52.5
47.9
43.2
38.6
34.0
29.6
25.5
21.5
17.8
14.3
11.0
8.2
5.9
4.1
2.9
2.1
76.2
75.7
71.8
66.8
61.9
57.1
52.4
47.8
43.1
38.5
33.9
29.6
25.4
21.5
17.7
14.2
11.0
8.2
5.8
4.1
2.9
2.1
81.1
80.5
76.6
71.6
66.7
61.8
56.9
52.0
47.2
42.5
37.8
33.2
28.8
24.5
20.4
16.5
12.9
9.7
6.9
4.8
3.3
2.3
81.0
80.5
76.6
71.6
66.6
61.7
56.9
52.0
47.2
42.4
37.7
33.2
28.8
24.5
20.3
16.5
12.9
9.7
6.9
4.8
3.3
2.3
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.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
79.0
78.4
74.4
69.5
64.5
59.7
54.9
50.2
45.4
40.7
36.1
31.6
27.3
23.2
19.2
15.5
12.1
9.1
6.5
4.5
3.2
2.3
78.9
78.4
74.4
69.5
64.5
59.7
54.9
50.1
45.4
40.7
36.0
31.6
27.3
23.1
19.2
15.5
12.1
9.0
6.5
4.5
3.2
2.3
76.6
76.0
72.1
67.1
62.2
57.4
52.7
48.0
43.4
38.7
34.2
29.8
25.6
21.6
17.8
14.3
11.0
8.2
5.8
4.0
2.8
2.0
76.5
76.0
72.1
67.1
62.1
57.3
52.7
48.0
43.3
38.7
34.1
29.7
25.5
21.6
17.8
14.2
11.0
8.2
5.8
4.0
2.8
2.0
81.3
80.7
76.7
71.8
66.8
61.9
57.0
52.2
47.4
42.6
37.9
33.3
28.9
24.5
20.4
16.5
12.9
9.6
6.9
4.8
3.3
2.3
81.3
80.7
76.7
71.8
66.8
61.9
57.0
52.2
47.4
42.6
37.9
33.3
28.8
24.5
20.3
16.4
12.8
9.6
6.9
4.8
3.3
2.3
White
.
.
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.
.
See footnotes at end of table.
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 61, No. 6, October 10, 2012
27
Table 6. Expectation of life at selected ages, by race, Hispanic origin, race for non-Hispanic population, and sex:
United States, final 2010 and preliminary 2011—Con.
[Data are based on a continuous file of records from the states. Calculations of life expectancy employ populations estimated as of July 1 for 2011 and April 1 for 2010; see
Technical Notes. Race categories are consistent with the 1977 Office of Management and Budget (OMB) standards. Multiple-race data were reported by 38 states and the
District of Columbia in 2011 and by 37 states and the District of Columbia in 2010; see Technical Notes. The multiple-race data for these states were bridged to the
single-race categories of the 1977 OMB standards for comparability with other states; see Technical Notes. Race and Hispanic origin are reported separately on the death
certificate. Persons of Hispanic origin may be of any race. Data for Hispanic persons are not tabulated separately by race; data for non-Hispanic persons are tabulated by
race; see Technical Notes. The methodology used to produce life expectancies adjusts for misclassification for Hispanic and for race and ethnicity for the non-Hispanic
populations (see ‘‘Life tables’’ in Technical Notes). Adjustments do not account for other sources of error such as return migration (37)]
Both sexes
Age in years, and race
Male
Female
2011
2010
2011
2010
2011
2010
Non-Hispanic white
0 ..
1 ..
5 ..
10 . .
15 . .
20 . .
25 . .
30 . .
35 . .
40 . .
45 . .
50 . .
55 . .
60 . .
65 . .
70 . .
75 . .
80 . .
85 . .
90 . .
95 . .
100 .
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0 ..
1 ..
5 ..
10 . .
15 . .
20 . .
25 . .
30 . .
35 . .
40 . .
45 . .
50 . .
55 . .
60 . .
65 . .
70 . .
75 . .
80 . .
85 . .
90 . .
95 . .
100 .
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.
78.8
78.2
74.3
69.3
64.3
59.5
54.7
50.0
45.3
40.6
36.0
31.5
27.2
23.1
19.2
15.4
12.1
9.0
6.5
4.5
3.2
2.3
78.8
78.2
74.3
69.3
64.4
59.5
54.7
50.0
45.3
40.6
36.0
31.5
27.2
23.1
19.1
15.4
12.0
9.0
6.5
4.5
3.2
2.3
76.4
75.8
71.9
67.0
62.0
57.2
52.6
47.9
43.2
38.6
34.1
29.7
25.6
21.6
17.8
14.2
11.0
8.2
5.8
4.0
2.8
2.0
76.4
75.8
71.9
67.0
62.0
57.2
52.5
47.9
43.2
38.6
34.0
29.7
25.5
21.5
17.7
14.2
11.0
8.1
5.8
4.0
2.8
2.1
81.1
80.5
76.5
71.6
66.6
61.7
56.8
52.0
47.2
42.4
37.8
33.2
28.8
24.5
20.3
16.4
12.8
9.6
6.9
4.8
3.3
2.3
81.1
80.5
76.6
71.6
66.6
61.7
56.9
52.0
47.2
42.5
37.8
33.2
28.8
24.4
20.3
16.4
12.8
9.6
6.9
4.8
3.3
2.3
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.
75.3
75.2
71.3
66.3
61.4
56.6
51.9
47.3
42.6
38.0
33.6
29.3
25.2
21.5
18.0
14.7
11.7
9.0
6.8
5.0
3.7
2.8
75.1
75.0
71.1
66.1
61.2
56.4
51.7
47.1
42.4
37.8
33.4
29.1
25.1
21.3
17.8
14.6
11.6
9.0
6.8
5.0
3.7
2.8
72.1
72.0
68.2
63.2
58.3
53.6
49.0
44.5
40.0
35.5
31.0
26.8
22.9
19.3
16.1
13.1
10.3
7.9
5.9
4.4
3.3
2.5
71.8
71.8
67.9
62.9
58.0
53.3
48.8
44.3
39.7
35.2
30.8
26.6
22.7
19.2
15.9
12.9
10.2
7.8
5.9
4.4
3.3
2.5
78.2
78.0
74.1
69.1
64.2
59.3
54.4
49.6
44.9
40.2
35.7
31.3
27.1
23.2
19.4
15.8
12.5
9.6
7.2
5.3
3.8
2.8
78.0
77.8
73.9
69.0
64.0
59.1
54.3
49.5
44.7
40.1
35.5
31.1
27.0
23.0
19.3
15.8
12.5
9.6
7.1
5.2
3.8
2.8
Black
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See footnotes at end of table.
28
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 61, No. 6, October 10, 2012
Table 6. Expectation of life at selected ages, by race, Hispanic origin, race for non-Hispanic population, and sex:
United States, final 2010 and preliminary 2011—Con.
[Data are based on a continuous file of records from the states. Calculations of life expectancy employ populations estimated as of July 1 for 2011 and April 1 for 2010; see
Technical Notes. Race categories are consistent with the 1977 Office of Management and Budget (OMB) standards. Multiple-race data were reported by 38 states and the
District of Columbia in 2011 and by 37 states and the District of Columbia in 2010; see Technical Notes. The multiple-race data for these states were bridged to the
single-race categories of the 1977 OMB standards for comparability with other states; see Technical Notes. Race and Hispanic origin are reported separately on the death
certificate. Persons of Hispanic origin may be of any race. Data for Hispanic persons are not tabulated separately by race; data for non-Hispanic persons are tabulated by
race; see Technical Notes. The methodology used to produce life expectancies adjusts for misclassification for Hispanic and for race and ethnicity for the non-Hispanic
populations (see ‘‘Life tables’’ in Technical Notes). Adjustments do not account for other sources of error such as return migration (37)]
Both sexes
Age in years, and race
Male
Female
2011
2010
2011
2010
2011
2010
Non-Hispanic black
0 ..
1 ..
5 ..
10 . .
15 . .
20 . .
25 . .
30 . .
35 . .
40 . .
45 . .
50 . .
55 . .
60 . .
65 . .
70 . .
75 . .
80 . .
85 . .
90 . .
95 . .
100 .
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0 ..
1 ..
5 ..
10 . .
15 . .
20 . .
25 . .
30 . .
35 . .
40 . .
45 . .
50 . .
55 . .
60 . .
65 . .
70 . .
75 . .
80 . .
85 . .
90 . .
95 . .
100 .
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74.8
74.7
70.9
65.9
61.0
56.2
51.5
46.9
42.3
37.7
33.3
29.0
25.0
21.3
17.8
14.6
11.6
9.0
6.7
5.1
3.8
2.9
74.7
74.6
70.7
65.8
60.8
56.0
51.4
46.7
42.1
37.6
33.1
28.8
24.9
21.2
17.7
14.5
11.6
8.9
6.7
5.0
3.8
2.9
71.6
71.5
67.7
62.7
57.8
53.1
48.6
44.1
39.6
35.1
30.7
26.5
22.7
19.2
16.0
13.0
10.2
7.8
5.9
4.4
3.3
2.5
71.4
71.3
67.5
62.5
57.6
52.9
48.4
43.9
39.4
34.9
30.5
26.3
22.5
19.0
15.8
12.8
10.1
7.8
5.9
4.4
3.3
2.6
77.8
77.6
73.8
68.8
63.9
59.0
54.1
49.3
44.6
40.0
35.4
31.1
26.9
23.0
19.2
15.7
12.5
9.6
7.1
5.2
3.8
2.8
77.7
77.5
73.6
68.7
63.7
58.8
54.0
49.2
44.5
39.8
35.3
31.0
26.8
22.9
19.1
15.7
12.5
9.6
7.1
5.2
3.8
2.8
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81.4
80.9
77.0
72.0
67.0
62.2
57.3
52.5
47.7
42.9
38.2
33.6
29.2
24.9
20.8
16.9
13.3
10.0
7.2
5.0
3.5
2.5
81.2
80.7
76.7
71.8
66.8
62.0
57.1
52.3
47.5
42.7
38.0
33.5
29.0
24.7
20.6
16.8
13.2
9.9
7.1
5.0
3.5
2.4
78.9
78.3
74.4
69.4
64.5
59.6
54.9
50.2
45.4
40.7
36.1
31.5
27.2
23.1
19.1
15.4
12.0
8.9
6.3
4.4
3.1
2.2
78.5
78.0
74.0
69.1
64.1
59.3
54.6
49.8
45.1
40.4
35.7
31.2
26.9
22.8
18.8
15.1
11.7
8.7
6.1
4.2
2.9
2.1
83.7
83.1
79.2
74.2
69.3
64.3
59.4
54.5
49.6
44.8
40.0
35.3
30.7
26.2
21.9
17.8
14.0
10.5
7.5
5.2
3.5
2.4
83.8
83.2
79.2
74.3
69.3
64.4
59.5
54.6
49.7
44.8
40.0
35.3
30.8
26.3
22.0
18.0
14.1
10.7
7.7
5.4
3.7
2.6
Hispanic
1
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Includes races other than white and black.
NOTE: Data are subject to sampling or random variation.
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 61, No. 6, October 10, 2012
29
Table 7. Deaths and death rates for the 10 leading causes of death in specified age groups: United States, preliminary
2011
[Data are based on a continuous file of records received from the states. Rates are per 100,000 population in specified group. For explanation of asterisks (*) preceding
cause-of-death codes, see Technical Notes. Figures for 2011 are based on weighted data rounded to the nearest individual, so categories may not add to totals or subtotals]
Rank1
Cause of death (based on the International Classification of Diseases,
Tenth Revision, 2008 Edition, 2009) and age
Number
Rate
...
All ages2
All causes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2,512,873
806.5
596,339
575,313
143,382
128,931
122,777
191.4
184.6
46.0
41.4
39.4
34,676
11.1
88,101
84,691
73,282
53,667
45,731
38,285
650,475
28.3
27.2
23.5
17.2
14.7
12.3
208.8
4,214
26.1
1,346
8.3
416
2.6
930
483
370
352
158
96
59
44
43
43
1,220
5.8
3.0
2.3
2.2
1.0
0.6
0.4
0.3
0.3
0.3
7.5
1
2
3
4
5
...
6
7
8
9
10
...
Diseases of heart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (I00–I09,I11,I13,I20–I51)
Malignant neoplasms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (C00–C97)
Chronic lower respiratory diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(J40–J47)
Cerebrovascular diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (I60–I69)
Accidents (unintentional injuries) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (V01–X59,Y85–Y86)3
Motor vehicle accidents . . (V02–V04,V09.0,V09.2,V12–V14,V19.0–V19.2,V19.4–V19.6,V20–V79,V80.3–V80.5,
V81.0–V81.1,V82.0–V82.1,V83–V86,V87.0–V87.8,V88.0–V88.8,V89.0,V89.2)
All other accidents . . (V01,V05–V06,V09.1,V09.3–V09.9,V10–V12,V15–V18,V19.3,V19.8–V19.9,V80.0–V80.2,
V80.6–V80.9,V81.2–V81.9,V82.2–V82.9,V87.9,V88.9,V89.1,V89.3,V89.9,V90–V99,W00–X59,Y85–Y86)3
Alzheimer’s disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (G30)
Diabetes mellitus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (E10–E14)
Influenza and pneumonia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (J09–J18)4
Nephritis, nephrotic syndrome and nephrosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(N00–N07,N17–N19,N25–N27)5
Intentional self-harm (suicide) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (*U03,X60–X84,Y87.0)
All other causes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (residual)
...
All causes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
...
1–4 years
1
...
3
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
9
...
Accidents (unintentional injuries) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (V01–X59,Y85–Y86)
Motor vehicle accidents . . (V02–V04,V09.0,V09.2,V12–V14,V19.0–V19.2,V19.4–V19.6,V20–V79,V80.3–V80.5,
V81.0–V81.1,V82.0–V82.1,V83–V86,V87.0–V87.8,V88.0–V88.8,V89.0,V89.2)
All other accidents . . (V01,V05–V06,V09.1,V09.3–V09.9,V10–V12,V15–V18,V19.3,V19.8–V19.9,V80.0–V80.2,
V80.6–V80.9,V81.2–V81.9,V82.2–V82.9,V87.9,V88.9,V89.1,V89.3,V89.9,V90–V99,W00–X59,Y85–Y86)3
Congenital malformations, deformations and chromosomal abnormalities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (Q00–Q99)
Assault (homicide) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (*U01–*U02,X85–Y09,Y87.1)
Malignant neoplasms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (C00–C97)
Diseases of heart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (I00–I09,I11,I13,I20–I51)
Influenza and pneumonia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (J09–J18)4
Septicemia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (A40–A41)
Chronic lower respiratory diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(J40–J47)
In situ neoplasms, benign neoplasms and neoplasms of uncertain or unknown behavior . . . . . . . . (D00–D48)
Cerebrovascular diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (I60–I69)
All other causes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (residual)
...
5–14 years
All causes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
...
1
...
...
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
...
Accidents (unintentional injuries) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (V01–X59,Y85–Y86)3
Motor vehicle accidents . . (V02–V04,V09.0,V09.2,V12–V14,V19.0–V19.2,V19.4–V19.6,V20–V79,V80.3–V80.5,
V81.0–V81.1,V82.0–V82.1,V83–V86,V87.0–V87.8,V88.0–V88.8,V89.0,V89.2)
All other accidents . . (V01,V05–V06,V09.1,V09.3–V09.9,V10–V12,V15–V18,V19.3,V19.8–V19.9,V80.0–V80.2,
V80.6–V80.9,V81.2–V81.9,V82.2–V82.9,V87.9,V88.9,V89.1,V89.3,V89.9,V90–V99,W00–X59,Y85–Y86)3
Malignant neoplasms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (C00–C97)
Congenital malformations, deformations and chromosomal abnormalities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (Q00–Q99)
Intentional self harm (suicide) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (*U03,X60–X84,Y87.0)
Assault (homicide) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (*U01–*U02,X85–Y09,Y87.1)
Diseases of heart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (I00–I09,I11,I13,I20–I51)
Chronic lower respiratory diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(J40–J47)
Influenza and pneumonia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (J09–J18)4
Cerebrovascular diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (I60–I69)
In situ neoplasms, benign neoplasms and neoplasms of uncertain or unknown behavior . . . . . . . . (D00–D48)
All other causes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (residual)
See footnotes at end of table.
5,395
13.1
1,613
3.9
867
2.1
746
865
356
281
269
185
134
112
83
72
1,425
1.8
2.1
0.9
0.7
0.7
0.5
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.2
3.5
30
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 61, No. 6, October 10, 2012
Table 7. Deaths and death rates for the 10 leading causes of death in specified age groups: United States, preliminary
2011—Con.
[Data are based on a continuous file of records received from the states. Rates are per 100,000 population in specified group. For explanation of asterisks (*) preceding
cause-of-death codes, see Technical Notes. Figures for 2011 are based on weighted data rounded to the nearest individual, so categories may not add to totals or subtotals]
Rank1
Cause of death (based on the International Classification of Diseases,
Tenth Revision, 2008 Edition, 2009) and age
...
15–24 years
All causes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Number
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
...
Accidents (unintentional injuries) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (V01–X59,Y85–Y86)3
Motor vehicle accidents . . (V02–V04,V09.0,V09.2,V12–V14,V19.0–V19.2,V19.4–V19.6,V20–V79,V80.3–V80.5,
V81.0–V81.1,V82.0–V82.1,V83–V86,V87.0–V87.8,V88.0–V88.8,V89.0,V89.2)
All other accidents . . (V01,V05–V06,V09.1,V09.3–V09.9,V10–V12,V15–V18,V19.3,V19.8–V19.9,V80.0–V80.2,
V80.6–V80.9,V81.2–V81.9,V82.2–V82.9,V87.9,V88.9,V89.1,V89.3,V89.9,V90–V99,W00–X59,Y85–Y86)3
Intentional self harm (suicide) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (*U03,X60–X84,Y87.0)
Assault (homicide) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (*U01–*U02,X85–Y09,Y87.1)
Malignant neoplasms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (C00–C97)
Diseases of heart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (I00–I09,I11,I13,I20–I51)
Congenital malformations, deformations and chromosomal abnormalities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (Q00–Q99)
Influenza and pneumonia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (J09–J18)4
Cerebrovascular diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (I60–I69)
Pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (O00–O99)
Chronic lower respiratory diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(J40–J47)
All other causes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (residual)
...
25–44 years
All causes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1
...
...
1
...
3
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
...
Accidents (unintentional injuries) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (V01–X59,Y85–Y86)
Motor vehicle accidents . . (V02–V04,V09.0,V09.2,V12–V14,V19.0–V19.2,V19.4–V19.6,V20–V79,V80.3–V80.5,
V81.0–V81.1,V82.0–V82.1,V83–V86,V87.0–V87.8,V88.0–V88.8,V89.0,V89.2)
All other accidents . . (V01,V05–V06,V09.1,V09.3–V09.9,V10–V12,V15–V18,V19.3,V19.8–V19.9,V80.0–V80.2,
V80.6–V80.9,V81.2–V81.9,V82.2–V82.9,V87.9,V88.9,V89.1,V89.3,V89.9,V90–V99,W00–X59,Y85–Y86)3
Malignant neoplasms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (C00–C97)
Diseases of heart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (I00–I09,I11,I13,I20–I51)
Intentional self harm (suicide) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (*U03,X60–X84,Y87.0)
Assault (homicide) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (*U01–*U02,X85–Y09,Y87.1)
Chronic liver disease and cirrhosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (K70,K73–K74)
Diabetes mellitus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (E10–E14)
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (B20–B24)
Cerebrovascular diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (I60–I69)
Influenza and pneumonia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (J09–J18)4
All other causes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (residual)
...
45–64 years
All causes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
...
1
2
3
...
...
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
...
Malignant neoplasms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (C00–C97)
Diseases of heart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (I00–I09,I11,I13,I20–I51)
Accidents (unintentional injuries) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (V01–X59,Y85–Y86)3
Motor vehicle accidents . . (V02–V04,V09.0,V09.2,V12–V14,V19.0–V19.2,V19.4–V19.6,V20–V79,V80.3–V80.5,
V81.0–V81.1,V82.0–V82.1,V83–V86,V87.0–V87.8,V88.0–V88.8,V89.0,V89.2)
All other accidents . . (V01,V05–V06,V09.1,V09.3–V09.9,V10–V12,V15–V18,V19.3,V19.8–V19.9,V80.0–V80.2,
V80.6–V80.9,V81.2–V81.9,V82.2–V82.9,V87.9,V88.9,V89.1,V89.3,V89.9,V90–V99,W00–X59,Y85–Y86)3
Chronic lower respiratory diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(J40–J47)
Chronic liver disease and cirrhosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (K70,K73–K74)
Diabetes mellitus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (E10–E14)
Cerebrovascular diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (I60–I69)
Intentional self harm (suicide) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (*U03,X60–X84,Y87.0)
Septicemia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (A40–A41)
Nephritis, nephrotic syndrome and nephrosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(N00–N07,N17–N19,N25–N27)5
All other causes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (residual)
See footnotes at end of table.
Rate
29,605
67.6
12,032
27.5
6,984
15.9
5,048
4,688
4,508
1,609
948
429
213
186
166
160
4,666
11.5
10.7
10.3
3.7
2.2
1.0
0.5
0.4
0.4
0.4
10.7
113,341
137.5
29,424
35.7
10,181
12.4
19,243
15,210
13,479
12,269
6,639
2,919
2,474
2,262
2,245
1,341
25,079
23.3
18.5
16.4
14.9
8.1
3.5
3.0
2.7
2.7
1.6
30.4
505,730
610.9
161,072
105,013
34,621
194.6
126.9
41.8
9,701
11.7
24,920
19,646
19,551
18,548
16,848
14,852
7,365
6,758
101,456
30.1
23.7
23.6
22.4
20.4
17.9
8.9
8.2
122.6
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 61, No. 6, October 10, 2012
31
Table 7. Deaths and death rates for the 10 leading causes of death in specified age groups: United States, preliminary
2011—Con.
[Data are based on a continuous file of records received from the states. Rates are per 100,000 population in specified group. For explanation of asterisks (*) preceding
cause-of-death codes, see Technical Notes. Figures for 2011 are based on weighted data rounded to the nearest individual, so categories may not add to totals or subtotals]
Rank1
Cause of death (based on the International Classification of Diseases,
Tenth Revision, 2008 Edition, 2009) and age
...
All causes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
...
Diseases of heart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (I00–I09,I11,I13,I20–I51)
Malignant neoplasms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (C00–C97)
Chronic lower respiratory diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(J40–J47)
Cerebrovascular diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (I60–I69)
Alzheimer’s disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (G30)
Diabetes mellitus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (E10–E14)
Influenza and pneumonia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (J09–J18)4
Accidents (unintentional injuries) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (V01–X59,Y85–Y86)3
Motor vehicle accidents . . (V02–V04,V09.0,V09.2,V12–V14,V19.0–V19.2,V19.4–V19.6,V20–V79,V80.3–V80.5,
V81.0–V81.1,V82.0–V82.1,V83–V86,V87.0–V87.8,V88.0–V88.8,V89.0,V89.2)
All other accidents . . (V01,V05–V06,V09.1,V09.3–V09.9,V10–V12,V15–V18,V19.3,V19.8–V19.9,V80.0–V80.2,
V80.6–V80.9,V81.2–V81.9,V82.2–V82.9,V87.9,V88.9,V89.1,V89.3,V89.9,V90–V99,W00–X59,Y85–Y86)3
Nephritis, nephrotic syndrome and nephrosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(N00–N07,N17–N19,N25–N27)5
Septicemia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (A40–A41)
All other causes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (residual)
Number
Rate
1,830,553
4,422.3
476,220
396,126
122,381
109,393
83,746
52,068
45,321
42,635
1,150.5
957.0
295.6
264.3
202.3
125.8
109.5
103.0
6,432
15.5
36,203
37,927
26,596
438,140
87.5
91.6
64.3
1,058.5
65 years and over
...
9
10
...
. . . Category not applicable.
1
Rank based on number of deaths; see Technical Notes.
2
Includes deaths under age 1 year.
3
New ICD–10 subcategories were introduced for the existing X34 (Victim of earthquake); see Technical Notes.
4
New ICD–10 code J12.3 (Human metapneumovirus pneumonia) was added to the category in 2011; see Technical Notes.
5
New subcategories replaced previous ones for N18 (Chronic kidney disease) in 2011. Changes affect comparability with previous year’s data; see Technical Notes.
NOTES: For certain causes of death such as unintentional injuries, homicides, suicides, and respiratory diseases, preliminary and final data differ because of the truncated nature of the preliminary file.
Data are subject to sampling or random variation. For information regarding the calculation of standard errors and further discussion of the variability of the data, see Technical Notes.
32
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 61, No. 6, October 10, 2012
Table 8. Infant deaths and infant mortality rates for the 10 leading causes of infant death, by race and Hispanic origin:
United States, preliminary 2011
[Data are based on a continuous file of records received from the states. Rates are per 100,000 live births. Figures are based on weighted data rounded to the nearest
individual, so categories may not add to totals or subtotals. Race and Hispanic origin are reported separately on both the birth and death certificate. Rates for Hispanic origin
should be interpreted with caution because of inconsistencies between reporting Hispanic origin on birth and death certificates; see Technical Notes. Race categories are
consistent with the 1977 Office of Management and Budget (OMB) standards. Multiple-race data were reported for deaths by 38 states and District of Columbia and for births
by 40 states and District of Columbia; see Technical Notes. The multiple-race data for these states were bridged to the single-race categories of the 1977 OMB standards for
comparability with other states; see Technical Notes. Data for persons of Hispanic origin are included in the data for each race group, according to the decedent’s reported
race; see Technical Notes]
Cause of death (based on the International Classification of Diseases,
Tenth Revision, 2008 Edition, 2009), race, and Hispanic origin
Rank1
Number
Rate
23,907
604.7
4,984
4,116
1,711
1,578
1,089
992
526
514
496
444
7,457
126.1
104.1
43.3
39.9
27.5
25.1
13.3
13.0
12.5
11.2
188.6
2
All races
...
All causes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
...
Congenital malformations, deformations and chromosomal abnormalities . . . . . .
Disorders related to short gestation and low birth weight, not elsewhere classified
Sudden infant death syndrome . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Newborn affected by maternal complications of pregnancy . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Accidents (unintentional injuries) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Newborn affected by complications of placenta, cord and membranes . . . . . . .
Bacterial sepsis of newborn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Respiratory distress of newborn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Diseases of the circulatory system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Neonatal hemorrhage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
All other causes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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.
. . . (Q00–Q99)
. . . . . . (P07)
. . . . . . (R95)
. . . . . . (P01)
. . .(V01–X59)3
. . . . . . (P02)
. . . . . . (P36)
. . . . . . (P22)
. . . . (I00–I99)
(P50–P52,P54)
. . . . (residual)
Total white
...
All causes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
...
Congenital malformations, deformations and chromosomal abnormalities . . . . . .
Disorders related to short gestation and low birth weight, not elsewhere classified
Sudden infant death syndrome . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Newborn affected by maternal complications of pregnancy . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Accidents (unintentional injuries) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Newborn affected by complications of placenta, cord and membranes . . . . . . .
Respiratory distress of newborn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Bacterial sepsis of newborn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Diseases of the circulatory system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Neonatal hemorrhage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
All other causes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15,451
511.7
3,732
2,330
1,126
962
678
642
341
326
317
315
4,682
123.6
77.2
37.3
31.9
22.5
21.3
11.3
10.8
10.5
10.4
155.0
...
All causes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
8
10
...
Congenital malformations, deformations and chromosomal abnormalities . . . . . .
Disorders related to short gestation and low birth weight, not elsewhere classified
Sudden infant death syndrome . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Newborn affected by maternal complications of pregnancy . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Accidents (unintentional injuries) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Newborn affected by complications of placenta, cord and membranes . . . . . . .
Respiratory distress of newborn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Neonatal hemorrhage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Bacterial sepsis of newborn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Diseases of the circulatory system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
All other causes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10,883
506.0
2,496
1,577
904
645
550
456
243
227
227
220
3,338
116.0
73.3
42.0
30.0
25.6
21.2
11.3
10.6
10.6
10.2
155.2
...
All causes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
...
7,221
1,139.8
Disorders related to short gestation and low birth weight, not elsewhere classified
Congenital malformations, deformations and chromosomal abnormalities . . . . . .
Newborn affected by maternal complications of pregnancy . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sudden infant death syndrome . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Accidents (unintentional injuries) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Newborn affected by complications of placenta, cord and membranes . . . . . . .
Bacterial sepsis of newborn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Diseases of the circulatory system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Necrotizing enterocolitis of newborn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Respiratory distress of newborn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
All other causes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1,576
994
535
517
355
314
178
152
150
148
2,302
248.8
156.9
84.4
81.6
56.0
49.6
28.1
24.0
23.7
23.4
363.4
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.
. . . (Q00–Q99)
. . . . . . (P07)
. . . . . . (R95)
. . . . . . (P01)
. . .(V01–X59)3
. . . . . . (P02)
. . . . . . (P22)
. . . . . . (P36)
. . . . (I00–I99)
(P50–P52,P54)
. . . . (residual)
Non–Hispanic white
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.
.
. . . (Q00–Q99)
. . . . . . (P07)
. . . . . . (R95)
. . . . . . (P01)
. . .(V01–X59)3
. . . . . . (P02)
. . . . . . (P22)
(P50–P52,P54)
. . . . . . (P36)
. . . . (I00–I99)
. . . . (residual)
Total black
See footnotes at end of table.
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. . . . (P07)
. (Q00–Q99)
. . . . (P01)
. . . . (R95)
.(V01–X59)3
. . . . (P02)
. . . . (P36)
. . (I00–I99)
. . . . (P77)
. . . . (P22)
. . (residual)
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 61, No. 6, October 10, 2012
33
Table 8. Infant deaths and infant mortality rates for the 10 leading causes of infant death, by race and Hispanic origin:
United States, preliminary 2011—Con.
[Data are based on a continuous file of records received from the states. Rates are per 100,000 live births. Figures are based on weighted data rounded to the nearest
individual, so categories may not add to totals or subtotals. Race and Hispanic origin are reported separately on both the birth and death certificate. Rates for Hispanic origin
should be interpreted with caution because of inconsistencies between reporting Hispanic origin on birth and death certificates; see Technical Notes. Race categories are
consistent with the 1977 Office of Management and Budget (OMB) standards. Multiple-race data were reported for deaths by 38 states and District of Columbia and for births
by 40 states and District of Columbia; see Technical Notes. The multiple-race data for these states were bridged to the single-race categories of the 1977 OMB standards for
comparability with other states; see Technical Notes. Data for persons of Hispanic origin are included in the data for each race group, according to the decedent’s reported
race; see Technical Notes]
Rank1
Cause of death (based on the International Classification of Diseases,
Tenth Revision, 2008 Edition, 2009), race, and Hispanic origin
Number
Rate
4
...
Hispanic
All causes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4,804
526.6
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
...
Congenital malformations, deformations and chromosomal abnormalities . . . . . .
Disorders related to short gestation and low birth weight, not elsewhere classified
Newborn affected by maternal complications of pregnancy . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sudden infant death syndrome . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Newborn affected by complications of placenta, cord and membranes . . . . . . .
Accidents (unintentional injuries) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Bacterial sepsis of newborn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Diseases of the circulatory system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Respiratory distress of newborn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Neonatal hemorrhage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
All other causes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1,282
784
330
239
193
142
106
105
99
94
1,430
140.5
85.9
36.2
26.2
21.2
15.6
11.6
11.5
10.9
10.3
156.7
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. . . (Q00–Q99)
. . . . . . (P07)
. . . . . . (P01)
. . . . . . (R95)
. . . . . . (P02)
. . .(V01–X59)3
. . . . . . (P36)
. . . . (I00–I99)
. . . . . . (P22)
(P50–P52,P54)
. . . . (residual)
. . . Category not applicable.
1
Rank based on number of deaths; see Technical Notes.
2
Includes races other than white and black.
3
New ICD–10 subcategories were introduced for the existing X34 (Victim of earthquake); see Technical Notes.
4
Includes all persons of Hispanic origin of any race; see Technical Notes.
NOTE: For certain causes of death such as unintentional injuries, homicides, sudden infant death syndrome, and respiratory diseases, preliminary and final data differ because of the truncated nature
of the preliminary file. Data are subject to sampling or random variation. For information regarding the calculation of standard errors and further discussion of the variability of the data, see Technical
Notes. Although the infant mortality rate is the preferred indicator of the risk of dying during the first year of life, another measure of infant mortality, the infant death rate, is shown elsewhere in the
report. The two measures typically are similar, yet they can differ because the denominators used for these measures are different.
34
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 61, No. 6, October 10, 2012
Technical Notes
Nature and sources of data
Preliminary mortality data for 2011 are based on a continuous
receipt and processing of statistical records by the Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention’s National Center for Health Statis
tics (NCHS) through June 12, 2012. NCHS received the data from
the states’ vital registration systems through the Vital Statistics
Cooperative Program. Demographic information for the United States
was available in calendar year 2011 for an estimated 98.9 percent of
infant decedents and 99.4 percent of decedents aged 1 year and
over. Medical information for the United States was available in
calendar year 2011 for an estimated 97.3 percent of infant decedents
and 98.1 percent of decedents aged 1 year and over. In this report,
U.S. totals include only events occurring within the 50 states and the
District of Columbia (D.C.). Data for Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands,
Guam, American Samoa, and the Northern Marianas included in
tables showing data by state are not included in U.S. totals.
Additional information on 2010 final data is available elsewhere (3).
For 2011, individual records of infant deaths (deaths under age
1 year) and deaths of persons aged 1 year and over are weighted (when
necessary) to independent counts of deaths occurring in each state.
These state-specific counts serve as control totals and are the basis
for the record weights in the preliminary file. If the number of records
in the preliminary file is greater than the count received from the state,
the state-specific number of records in the preliminary file is used
instead and the weight is set at 1.0.
For this report, two separate files are processed. The medical file,
or cause of death file, contains records that include both demographic
and medical information used to generate tables showing cause of
death. The demographic file, which includes records from the medical
file as well as additional records containing demographic information
only, is used to generate tables showing mortality by demographic
characteristics only. A state-specific weight is computed for each file by
dividing the state control total by the number of records in the pre
liminary sample.
Each record is assigned two weights, a state-specific weight and
a U.S. weight. State weights are used for state-specific tabulations and
U.S. weights are used for national tabulations. For the medical file, the
state weight makes the death counts comparable with those in the
demographic file. The U.S. weight combines two factors: one to make
the medical file counts for the individual record’s state comparable with
those for the demographic file, and one to compensate for any states
not represented in the file. This second factor is equivalent to 0 if all
states are represented in the file. Thus, when all states are represented
in the preliminary files, the state and U.S. weights are the same.
Because there are two separate files, each with two separate sets
of weights, slight inconsistencies may occur between the demographic
and medical tables in this report. Table I shows the percent complete
ness of the preliminary files by place of occurrence for the United States
and each state. The percent completeness is obtained by dividing the
number of records in the preliminary files by the control total and
multiplying by 100. Although data by place of occurrence are used to
compute the weights, all data in this report are tabulated by place of
residence.
For selected variables in the mortality files, unknown or not stated
values are imputed. The percentage not stated was less than 0.3 per
cent for all variables discussed in this report. Detailed information on
how the file addresses not stated values for specific variables (race,
Hispanic origin, sex, and age) may be found in ‘‘Technical Appendix,
Vital Statistics of the United States: Mortality, 1999’’ (18).
2003 revision of U.S. Standard Certificate of
Death
This report includes data for D.C. and 36 states [Arizona,
Arkansas, California, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Idaho,
Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Michigan, Minne
sota, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New
Jersey, New Mexico, New York (including New York City), North
Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Rhode Island, South Carolina,
South Dakota, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Washington, and Wyoming] that
implemented the 2003 revision of the U.S. Standard Certificate of
Death by 2011, and the remaining 14 states that collected and
reported death data in 2011 based on the 1989 revision of the U.S.
Standard Certificate of Death. Minnesota implemented the 2003
revision of the U.S. Standard Certificate of Death in March 2011, so
a portion of this state’s data for 2011 was reported using the 1989
revision. The 2003 revision is described in detail elsewhere (19,20).
Because the items presented in this report appear largely comparable
despite changes to item wording and format in the 2003 revision,
data from both groups of states are combined.
Race and Hispanic origin
The 2003 revision of the U.S. Standard Certificate of Death
allows the reporting of more than one race (multiple races) (19). This
change was implemented to reflect the increasing diversity of the
population of the United States, to be consistent with the decennial
census, and to reflect standards issued in 1997 by the Office of
Management and Budget (OMB). OMB standards mandate the
collection of more than one race for federal data (see ‘‘Population
denominators’’) (21). In addition, the new certificate is compliant with
the OMB-mandated minimum set of five races to be reported for
federal data. These are white, black or African American, American
Indian or Alaska Native (AIAN), Asian, and Native Hawaiian or Other
Pacific Islander (NHOPI).
For 2011 mortality data, multiple races were reported on the
revised death certificates of Arizona, Arkansas, California, Connecticut,
Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana,
Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Mon
tana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico,
New York (including New York City), North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma,
Oregon, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Texas, Utah,
Vermont, Washington, and Wyoming. Multiple races were also reported
on the unrevised certificates of Hawaii and Wisconsin. Data from the
vital records of the remaining 12 states are based on the 1989 revision
of the U.S. Standard Certificate of Death, which follows the 1977 OMB
standards, allowing only a single race to be reported (20,22). In
addition, these 12 states report a minimum set of four races as
stipulated in the 1977 standards. These are white, black or African
American, AIAN, and Asian or Pacific Islander (API). According to the
2010 final mortality file, 0.4 percent of deaths were reported to persons
of more than one race.
To provide uniformity and comparability of data during the tran
sition period, before all or most of the data become available in the new
multiple race format, it is necessary to adjust the data for those
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 61, No. 6, October 10, 2012
Table I. Total count of records and percent completeness of preliminary files of infant deaths and deaths to those
aged 1 year and over: United States, each state and territory, preliminary 2011
[By place of occurrence]
Infant deaths (under age 1 year)
Deaths to those aged 1 year and over
Percent completeness
Count of
records
Area
Demographic
file
Percent completeness
Medical
file
Count of
records
Demographic
file
Medical
file
United States1 . . . .
Alabama . . . . . . .
Alaska. . . . . . . . .
Arizona . . . . . . . .
Arkansas . . . . . . .
California . . . . . . .
Colorado . . . . . . .
Connecticut. . . . . .
Delaware . . . . . . .
District of Columbia .
Florida. . . . . . . . .
23,988
98.9
97.3
2,494,230
99.4
98.1
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.
477
40
514
276
2,417
395
183
107
157
1,397
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
97.5
100.0
94.9
100.0
100.0
98.4
94.4
98.1
100.0
47,405
3,716
48,686
28,878
238,102
32,653
29,466
7,791
5,419
174,153
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
99.9
100.0
99.9
100.0
100.0
97.6
100.0
98.7
100.0
100.0
93.7
96.7
99.9
100.0
Georgia . .
Hawaii. . .
Idaho . . .
Illinois . . .
Indiana . .
Iowa . . . .
Kansas . .
Kentucky .
Louisiana .
Maine . . .
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.
863
94
101
1,004
629
167
217
310
465
80
99.8
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
92.2
100.0
100.0
99.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
96.5
100.0
98.8
69,774
9,863
11,745
98,085
58,195
27,907
24,084
41,896
40,293
12,830
100.0
99.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
99.9
99.6
97.0
97.6
99.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
97.6
99.6
96.3
Maryland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Massachusetts . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Michigan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Minnesota . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mississippi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Montana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nebraska . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nevada . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
New Hampshire . . . . . . . . . . . . .
New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
New Mexico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
New York . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
New York excluding New York City
New York City . . . . . . . . . . . . .
North Carolina . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ohio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Oregon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pennsylvania . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
South Carolina . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
South Dakota . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tennessee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Texas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Utah . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Virginia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
West Virginia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wyoming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Virgin Islands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Guam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
American Samoa . . . . . . . . . . . .
Northern Marianas. . . . . . . . . . . .
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.
438
338
780
347
329
569
62
149
197
43
477
128
1,220
642
578
876
59
1,139
360
215
993
80
402
78
680
2,187
303
28
667
389
135
405
22
355
11
42
6
4
100.0
99.1
78.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
99.9
100.0
99.8
100.0
100.0
99.7
98.1
100.0
91.0
98.8
99.8
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
100.0
84.6
72.4
97.7
97.0
99.3
100.0
99.3
97.0
97.7
96.6
100.0
97.6
98.8
96.4
100.0
100.0
99.0
80.6
100.0
91.0
98.8
99.0
100.0
100.0
99.5
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
83.7
100.0
100.0
96.1
0.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
43,164
54,376
87,507
39,546
28,283
57,225
9,030
15,531
20,874
10,574
68,960
15,850
146,741
94,530
52,211
79,792
6,466
110,440
35,911
32,534
128,252
9,662
40,763
7,340
63,137
168,665
15,415
5,326
59,489
49,370
21,257
47,688
4,121
29,447
717
799
273
157
100.0
99.9
86.7
100.0
100.0
99.8
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
99.0
100.0
97.6
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
99.9
0.0
100.0
94.9
0.0
100.0
93.3
81.1
99.2
99.5
99.0
100.0
100.0
99.7
96.8
96.8
100.0
97.8
97.9
97.6
100.0
100.0
100.0
88.1
100.0
99.0
100.0
93.1
100.0
100.0
98.3
100.0
100.0
100.0
99.6
83.5
100.0
99.8
97.3
0.0
100.0
94.9
0.0
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.
..............
0.0 Quantity more than zero but less than 0.05.
1
Excludes data for Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, and Northern Marianas.
NOTE: Percent completeness equals 100 times the number of records in preliminary file divided by the count of records.
35
36
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 61, No. 6, October 10, 2012
states reporting multiple race by ‘‘bridging’’ the multiple-race informa
tion reported for decedents to a single race. The bridging procedure
used for mortality numerators is similar to the procedure used to bridge
multiracial population estimates (see ‘‘Population denominators’’)
(23,24). Multiracial decedents are imputed to a single race (either white,
black, AIAN, or API) according to the combination of races, Hispanic
origin, sex, and age indicated on the death certificate. The imputation
procedure is described in detail at http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/dvs/
Multiple_race_docu_5-10-04.pdf.
Because race and Hispanic origin are reported separately on the
death certificate, data shown by race include persons of Hispanic or
non-Hispanic origin, and data for Hispanic origin include persons of any
race. In this report, unless otherwise specified, deaths of persons of
Hispanic origin are included in the totals for each race group—white,
black, AIAN, and API—according to the decedent’s race as reported
on the death certificate. Data shown for Hispanic persons include all
persons of Hispanic origin of any race. Mortality data on the Hispanic
origin population are based on deaths in all states. Death rates for
Hispanic, AIAN, and API persons should be interpreted with caution
because of inconsistencies in reporting race on death certificates
compared with such reporting on censuses, surveys, and birth cer
tificates. Studies have shown underreporting on death certificates of
AIAN, API, and Hispanic decedents, as well as undercounts of these
groups in censuses (4–6).
Injury at work
Information on deaths attributed to injuries at work is derived
from a separate item on the death certificate that asks the medical
certifier whether the death resulted from an injury sustained at work.
The item is on the death certificate of all states. Number of deaths,
crude death rates, and age-adjusted death rates for injury at work for
those aged 15 and over, excluding age not stated, are shown in
Table 2. Age-adjusted death rates presented in this report for injury at
work were computed using age-specific death rates and the U.S.
standard population based on year 2000 standard for ages 15 years
and over, excluding age not stated (Table V). If the estimated
‘‘employed’’ population aged 15 and over had been used instead in
the denominator, higher death rates would have resulted, especially
for population groups with lower employment rates. See ‘‘Computing
rates and percentages.’’
The number of deaths from injury at work from the National Vital
Statistics System is generally about 10 percent less than the counts in
the Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries (http://www.bls.gov/iif/)
between 1993 and 2011. The Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries
uses multiple source documents, while the National Vital Statistics
System uses the death certificate only.
Cause-of-death classification
Mortality statistics are compiled in accordance with World Health
Organization (WHO) regulations specifying that member nations
classify and code causes of death in accordance with the current
revision of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases, and
Related Health Problems (ICD). The ICD provides the basic guidance
used in virtually all countries to code and classify causes of death. It
provides not only disease, injury, and poisoning categories but also
the rules used to select the single underlying cause of death for
tabulation from the several diagnoses that may be reported on a
single death certificate, as well as definitions, tabulation lists, the
format of the death certificate, and regulations on the use of the
classification. Causes of death for data presented in this report were
coded according to ICD guidelines which are described in annual
issues of part 2a of the NCHS Instruction Manual (25).
Effective with deaths occurring in 1999, the United States began
using the Tenth Revision of the ICD (ICD–10) (26–27). For earlier years,
causes of death were classified according to the revisions then in use
(3). An innovation in ICD–10 is that the classification is updated
between revisions (27). Changes associated with these updates are
discussed in the Technical Notes of each annual report (1–3,8,16).
Beginning with data for 2001, NCHS introduced categories
*U01–*U03 for classifying and coding deaths due to acts of terrorism.
The asterisks before the category codes indicate that they are not part
of ICD–10. Deaths classified to the terrorism categories are included
in the categories Assault (homicide) and Intentional self-harm (suicide)
for the 113 causes-of-death list (Table 2) and Assault (homicide) in the
130 causes-of-infant death list (Table 5). Additional information on the
new terrorism categories can be found at http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/
icd/terrorism_code.htm. No deaths occurring in 2010 and 2011 were
classified to the terrorism categories.
Enterocolitis due to Clostridium difficile (C. difficile)—Due to
growing concerns about the number of deaths from Enterocolitis due
to Clostridium difficile (ICD–10 code A04.7), beginning in 2006, C.
difficile deaths are included separately as a rankable cause of death
in tables showing data for 113 selected causes of death (Table 2).
Codes for drug-induced deaths—The list of codes included in
drug-induced causes was expanded in data years 2003 and 2006 to
be more comprehensive. The following ICD–10 codes comprise the list
of drug-induced codes: D52.1, D59.0, D59.2, D61.1, D64.2, E06.4,
E16.0, E23.1, E24.2, E27.3, E66.1, F11.0–F11.5, F11.7–F11.9,
F12.0–F12.5, F12.7–F12.9, F13.0–F13.5, F13.7–F13.9, F14.0–F14.5,
F14.7–F14.9, F15.0–F15.5, F15.7–F15.9, F16.0–F16.5, F16.7–F16.9,
F17.0, F17.3–F17.5, F17.7–F17.9, F18.0–F18.5, F18.7–18.9,
F19.0–F19.5, F19.7–F19.9, G21.1, G24.0, G25.1, G25.4, G25.6,
G44.4, G62.0, G72.0, I95.2, J70.2–J70.4, K85.3, L10.5, L27.0–L27.1,
M10.2, M32.0, M80.4, M81.4, M83.5, M87.1, R50.2, R78.1–R78.5,
X40–X44, X60–X64, X85, and Y10–14.
Codes for alcohol-induced deaths—The list of codes included in
alcohol-induced causes was expanded in data years 2003 and 2006
to be more comprehensive. The following ICD–10 codes comprise the
list of alcohol-induced codes: E24.4, F10, G31.2, G62.1, G72.1, I42.6,
K29.2, K70, K85.2, K86.0, R78.0, X45, X65, and Y15.
Recently deleted and added codes—Rules governing coding and
classifying the causes of death sometimes require modifications as part
of the updating process of ICD–10; this includes adding and deleting
codes (3). Each modification may be done for a different reason. For
example, subcategories were created for existing code X34 (Victim of
earthquake) to provide detail, specifically in response to a desire to
distinguish victims of events such as the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami
from other kinds of earthquake-related events. Changes to N18 were
made to reflect a more contemporary classification scheme for Chronic
kidney disease that incorporated diagnosed stages of the disease.
Additional detail on the updates can be found at http://
www.who.int/classifications/icd/icd10updates/en/index.html.
These
changes may affect comparability of data between years for selected
causes of death. With the mentioned examples, statistics for victims
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 61, No. 6, October 10, 2012
of earthquake were not affected by changes in the codes but the
statistics on kidney and renal conditions were. The impact on kidney
and renal conditions is discussed below.
Codes deleted in 2011—Beginning with data for 2011, NCHS
deleted six WHO ICD–10 codes (28): H54.7, Unspecified visual loss;
K35.0, Acute appendicitis with generalized peritonitis; K35.1, Acute
appendicitis with peritoneal abscess; K35.9, Acute appendicitis,
unspecified; N18.0, End stage renal diseases; and N18.8, Other
chronic renal failure.
Codes added in 2011—Beginning with data for 2011, NCHS added
39 new WHO ICD–10 codes (28): B17.9, Acute viral hepatitis, unspeci
fied; D68.5, Primary thrombophilia; D68.6, Other thrombophilia; D89.3,
Immune reconstitution syndrome; E88.3, Tumor lysis syndrome; G14,
Postpolio syndrome; G21.4, Vascular parkinsonism; H54.9, Unspeci
fied visual impairment (binocular); I72.5, Aneurysm and dissection of
other precerebral arteries; J12.3, Human metapneumovirus pneu
monia; J21.1, Acute bronchiolitis due to human metapneumovirus;
K12.3, Oral mucositis (ulcerative); K35.2, Acute appendicitis with gen
eralized peritonitis; K35.3, Acute appendicitis with localized peritonitis;
K35.8, Acute appendicitis, other and unspecified; L89.0, Stage I decu
bitus ulcer and pressure area; L89.1, Stage II decubitus ulcer; L89.2,
Stage III decubitus ulcer; L89.3, Stage IV decubitus ulcer; L89.9,
Decubitus ulcer and pressure area, unspecified; N18.1, Chronic kidney
disease, stage 1; N18.2, Chronic kidney disease, stage 2; N18.3,
Chronic kidney disease, stage 3; N18.4, Chronic kidney disease, stage
4; N18.5, Chronic kidney disease, stage 5; N42.3, Dysplasia of pros
tate; O14.2, HELLP syndrome; O43.2, Morbidly adherent placenta;
O96.0, Death from direct obstetric cause; O96.1, Death from indirect
obstetric cause; O96.9, Death from unspecified obstetric cause; O97.0,
Death from sequelae of direct obstetric cause; O97.1, Death from
sequelae of indirect obstetric cause; O97.9, Death from sequelae of
obstetric cause, unspecified; O98.7, Human immunodeficiency (HIV)
disease complicating pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium; X34.0,
Victim of cataclysmic earth movements caused by earthquake; X34.1,
Victim of tsunami; X34.8, Victim of other specified effects of earthquake;
and X34.9, Victim of unspecified effect of earthquake.
Changes in list of 113 selected causes of death—The following
codes are included in the list of 113 selected causes of death (Table 2).
Deaths classified to code B17.9 are included in the category Viral
hepatitis; D68.5, D68.6, D89.3, E83.3, G14, H54.9, K12.3, L89.0,
L89.1, L89.2, L89.3, L89.9, and N42 in the Residual category; G21.4
in the category Parkinson’s disease; I72.5 in the category Other
diseases of arteries, arterioles and capillaries; J12.3 in the category
Pneumonia; J21.1 in the category Acute bronchitis and bronchiolitis;
K35.2, K35.3, and K35.8 in the category Diseases of appendix; N18.1,
N18.2, N18.3, N18.4, and N18.5 in the category Renal failure; O14.2,
O43.2, O96.0, O96.1, O96.9, O97.0, O97.1, O97.9, and O98.7 in the
category Other complications of pregnancy, childbirth and puerperium;
X34.0, X34.1, X34.8, and X34.9 in the category Other and unspecified
nontransport accidents and their sequelae (28).
Changes in list of 130 selected causes of infant death—The
following codes are included in the list of 130 selected causes of infant
death (Table 5). Deaths classified to code B17.9 are included in the
category Other and unspecified viral diseases; D68.5 and D68.6 in the
category Hemorrhagic conditions and other diseases of blood and
blood-forming organs; D89.3 in the category Certain disorders involving
the immune mechanism; E88.3 in the category All other endocrine,
37
nutritional and metabolic diseases; G21.4 in the category Other dis
eases of nervous system; H54.9, L89.0–L89.3, and L89.9 in the
Residual category; I72.5 in the category All other diseases of circulatory
system; J12.3 in the category Pneumonia; J21.1 in the category Acute
bronchitis and acute bronchiolitis; K12.3, K35.2, K35.3, and K35.8 in
the category All other and unspecified diseases of digestive system;
N18.1–N18.5 in the category Renal failure and other disorders of
kidney; N42.3 in the category Other and unspecified diseases of
genitourinary system; and X34.0, X34.1, X34.8, and X34.9 in the
category Other and unspecified accidents. Additional information on
these new categories can be found at http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/
dvs/Part9InstructionManual2011.pdf (28).
Changes to classification affecting renal failure—In 2011, the
implementation of changes in coding rules had an impact on Nephritis,
nephrotic syndrome and nephrosis (ICD–10 codes N00–N07,
N17–N19, and N25–N27) and therefore, changes in mortality statistics
for this condition must be interpreted with caution. Renal failure
(N17–N19) is a component condition of the larger category Nephritis,
nephrotic syndrome and nephrosis. The changes associate renal failure
with other diseases such as diabetes, wasting, and paralyzing con
ditions in more cases than in the past. For instance, both diabetes and
kidney conditions were reported on about 2 percent of death certificates
in 2010 and 2011. Compared with 2010, the percentage of these with
an underlying cause of Nepritis, nephrotic syndrome and nephrosis
decreased while the percentage with an underlying cause of Diabetes
mellitus increased in 2011, especially diabetes mellitus with renal
complications (data not shown).
Nonsampling error
Causes of death in this report are subject to nonsampling error.
This is because the preliminary file is processed before a full year’s
worth of data are available. The file is thus subject to the seasonality
of certain causes of death that may not be equally distributed
throughout the year. It is known, for example, that external causes
such as unintentional injuries occur disproportionately during the
summer months, and that fatal respiratory conditions are more
prevalent during the winter months. Accordingly, the truncated nature
of the preliminary file may systematically overemphasize or underem
phasize causes with pronounced seasonality, particularly when these
deaths cluster at the end of the year. However, in years where the
preliminary file completeness is more than 90 percent, it is unlikely
that seasonality is a major factor; the 2011 preliminary file is more
than 98 percent complete.
Furthermore, for some deaths, especially those subject to medi
colegal investigation such as unintentional injuries, homicides, suicides,
and sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), the final cause may not be
available at the time the preliminary file is processed. In those cases,
the causes of death may be reported in the preliminary file as unknown
or pending investigation and coded to the category Other ill-defined and
unspecified causes of mortality (ICD–10 code R99), a subcategory of
Symptoms, signs, and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings, not
elsewhere classified (ICD–10 codes R00–R99). In the final data, some
of the deaths of unknown cause in the preliminary file will be reassigned
to specific causes if further, more specific cause-of-death information
is provided.
38
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 61, No. 6, October 10, 2012
A quantitative assessment of the degree of the nonsampling error
can be made by comparing final data and preliminary data for the same
year. A comparison of such data for the selected 113 causes of death
for the total U.S. population from 2008–2010 indicates that preliminary
estimates for some causes of death are sometimes underestimated and
sometimes overestimated in the preliminary file (Table II). Thus, the
number of deaths for unintentional injuries (V01–X59, Y85–Y86) was
underestimated in the preliminary file by 0.6 percent in 2008, 0.7 per
cent in 2009, and 2.3 percent in 2010. Similar undercounts occurred
for suicide (*U03, X60–X84, Y87.0) with preliminary underestimates of
0.3 percent in 2008, 1.0 percent in 2009, and 1.5 percent in 2010.
Likewise, homicide (*U01–*U02, X85–Y09, Y87.1) showed a 1.2 per
cent underestimate in the preliminary file in 2009 and 2010, but a 0.1
overestimate in 2008.
Comparisons showing nonsampling error in preliminary estimates
for causes of infant death are shown in Table III, where Disorders
related to short gestation and low birth weight, not elsewhere classified
(P07) was underestimated by 0.4 percent in 2008, 1.7 percent in 2009,
and 0.4 percent in 2010. Unintentional injuries (V01–X59) and SIDS
(R95) were underestimated in the preliminary data for each of the three
years from 2008–2010 with unintentional injuries being underestimated
between 1.2 percent and 6.0 percent, and SIDS between 2.6 percent
and 8.4 percent (Table III).
Tabulation lists and cause-of-death ranking
Tabulation lists for ICD–10 are published in the ‘‘NCHS Instruc
tion Manual, Part 9, ICD–10 Cause-of-Death Lists for Tabulating
Mortality Statistics, Updated March 2011’’ (28). For this report, two
tabulation lists are used: the List of 113 Selected Causes of Death
used for deaths of all ages, and the List of 130 Selected Causes of
Infant Death used for infants. Modifications in the lists reflecting
changes in ICD codes are footnoted in the report tables. These lists
are also used to rank leading causes of death for the two population
groups (29). For the List of 113 Selected Causes of Death, the group
titles Major cardiovascular diseases (ICD–10 codes I00–I78) and
Symptoms, signs, and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings, not
elsewhere classified (ICD–10 codes R00–R99) are not ranked. In
addition, category titles that begin with the words ‘‘Other’’ and ‘‘All
other’’ are not ranked to determine the leading causes of death.
When one of the titles that represents a subtotal is ranked [for
example, Tuberculosis (ICD–10 codes A16–A19)], its component
parts are not ranked [in this case, Respiratory tuberculosis (ICD–10
code A16) and Other tuberculosis (ICD–10 codes A17–A19)]. For the
List of 130 Selected Causes of Infant Death, the same ranking
procedures are used, except that the category Major cardiovascular
diseases is not on the list.
Infant mortality
The infant mortality rate is the most commonly used index for
measuring the risk of dying during the first year of life. The rates
presented in this report are calculated by dividing the preliminary
number of infant deaths that occurred during 2011 by the number of
live births for the same period and are presented as rates per 1,000
or per 100,000 live births. For preliminary birth figures used in the
denominator for infant mortality rates, see ‘‘Births: Preliminary Data
for 2011’’ (15). In contrast to infant mortality rates based on live
births, infant death rates are based on the estimated population
under age 1 year (Table 1). Infant death rates that appear in
tabulations of age-specific death rates in this report are calculated by
dividing the number of infant deaths in 2011 by the estimated
population of persons under age 1 on July 1, 2011, and are
presented as rates per 100,000 population in this age group.
Because of differences in their denominators, infant death rates may
differ from infant mortality rates. Information on infant deaths can also
be obtained from a file where the infant’s death certificate is linked to
the birth certificate. The linked birth/infant death data set (linked file)
is a better source of data for infant deaths and mortality rates by race
and ethnicity because the race of the mother as reported by the
mother on the birth certificate is used in both the numerator and
denominator of the infant mortality rate. In contrast, for infant deaths
and mortality rates in this report, race information for the denominator
is the race of the mother as reported on the birth certificate, but the
race information for the numerator is the race of the infant decedent
as reported on the death certificate. Race information reported on the
birth certificate is considered to be more accurate than that on the
death certificate, because the race of each parent is usually reported
on the birth certificate by the mother at the time of delivery, whereas
on the death certificate, the race of the deceased infant is reported by
the funeral director based on information provided by an informant or
by observation. This difference in the method of reporting race data
has a larger impact for races other than white and black and can lead
to differences in race-specific infant mortality rates between the two
data sources (13).
Life tables
The period life table provides a measure of the effect of current
mortality on life expectancy. It is composed of sets of values showing
the mortality experience of a hypothetical group of infants born at the
same time and subject throughout their lifetime to the age-specific
death rates of a particular time period, usually a given year.
Beginning with final data for 1997, complete life tables by single
years through age 100 have been constructed for the preliminary report
(30). Beginning with the 2008 life tables, the methodology used to
construct life tables was revised from methods used in earlier reports
(30–35). The most recent revised methodology is described in greater
detail in ‘‘United States Life Tables, 2008’’ (7).
NCHS began producing life tables for the 2006 data year by
Hispanic origin after conducting research into the quality of race and
ethnicity reporting on death certificates and developing methodologies
to correct for misclassification of these populations on death certificates
(36,37). Previously, NCHS produced annual life tables by race including
the white and black populations but had not produced life tables for
other racial or ethnic groups. The methods that adjust for misclassi
fication are applied to the production of the life tables, but not to the
death rates shown in this report.
The life expectancy data shown in this report for the 2006–2009
data year have been updated using intercensal population estimates
and may differ from those published previously (1,2,8).
Population denominators
The rates in this report for 2011 use population estimates as of
July 1, 2011. The rates for 2010 use population enumerated based
on the 2010 census as of April 1, 2010. These population estimates
Table II. Ratios of preliminary to final reported numbers of deaths from 113 selected causes: United States, 2008–2010
[For explanation of asterisk preceding cause-of-death codes, see Technical Notes]
Cause of death (based on the International Classification of Diseases,
Tenth Revision, 2008 Edition, 2009)
Preliminary
number of
deaths
2010
Final
number of
deaths
2010
All causes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2,465,932
28
3
10,248
569
424
145
26
3
79
34,843
27
–
9
2
7,554
8,352
9
See footnotes at end of table.
Preliminary
number of
deaths
2009
Final
number of
deaths
2009
2,468,435
0.9990
2,436,652
28
3
10,276
569
423
146
26
3
79
34,812
28
–
9
2
7,564
8,369
10
1.0000
1.0000
0.9973
1.0000
1.0024
0.9932
1.0000
1.0000
1.0000
1.0009
0.9643
...
1.0000
1.0000
0.9987
0.9980
0.9000
26
11
10,242
547
422
126
15
5
97
35,587
33
–
2
2
7,652
9,424
4
5,808
573,855
8,447
14,417
11,372
52,540
20,275
36,817
3,687
158,135
9,145
41,360
3,922
8,405
14,516
28,541
13,195
14,707
5,805
574,743
8,474
14,490
11,390
52,622
20,305
36,888
3,691
158,318
9,154
41,435
3,939
8,402
14,572
28,561
13,219
14,731
1.0005
0.9985
0.9968
0.9950
0.9984
0.9984
0.9985
0.9981
0.9989
0.9988
0.9990
0.9982
0.9957
1.0004
0.9962
0.9993
0.9982
0.9984
14,119
55,489
1,228
20,274
22,499
11,420
14,164
55,590
1,231
20,294
22,569
11,428
0.9968
0.9982
0.9976
0.9990
0.9969
0.9993
Ratio of
preliminary
to final
2009
Preliminary
number of
deaths
2008
Final
number of
deaths
2008
Ratio of
preliminary
to final
2008
2,437,163
0.9998
2,472,699
2,471,984
1.0003
26
4
10,251
529
405
124
15
5
99
35,639
34
–
2
2
7,694
9,406
3
1.0000
2.7500
0.9991
1.0340
1.0420
1.0161
1.0000
1.0000
0.9798
0.9985
0.9706
...
1.0000
1.0000
0.9945
1.0019
1.3333
43
6
7,883
590
452
138
20
3
102
35,961
34
–
2
–
7,631
10,295
5
44
6
7,876
585
449
136
20
3
102
35,927
34
–
2
–
7,629
10,285
5
0.9773
1.0000
1.0009
1.0085
1.0067
1.0147
1.0000
1.0000
1.0000
1.0009
1.0000
...
1.0000
...
1.0003
1.0010
1.0000
5,842
568,668
7,913
13,916
11,139
52,462
19,311
35,872
3,633
158,105
9,254
41,115
3,909
7,636
14,513
28,154
13,027
14,315
5,849
567,628
7,922
13,908
11,185
52,394
19,352
35,628
3,631
158,158
9,199
41,078
3,909
7,713
14,436
28,088
12,995
14,201
0.9988
1.0018
0.9989
1.0006
0.9959
1.0013
0.9979
1.0068
1.0006
0.9997
1.0060
1.0009
1.0000
0.9900
1.0053
1.0023
1.0025
1.0080
5,933
566,137
8,031
13,739
11,381
53,337
18,243
35,267
3,759
158,873
8,643
41,049
4,018
7,682
14,373
28,517
12,915
14,053
5,914
565,469
8,019
13,714
11,352
53,321
18,213
35,236
3,760
158,656
8,623
41,026
4,008
7,675
14,362
28,472
12,895
14,036
1.0032
1.0012
1.0015
1.0018
1.0026
1.0003
1.0016
1.0009
0.9997
1.0014
1.0023
1.0006
1.0025
1.0009
1.0008
1.0016
1.0016
1.0012
14,192
55,462
1,265
20,361
22,697
11,072
14,176
55,406
1,250
20,389
22,606
11,094
1.0011
1.0010
1.0120
0.9986
1.0040
0.9980
13,739
54,998
1,170
20,374
22,357
11,038
13,724
54,954
1,171
20,369
22,335
11,020
1.0011
1.0008
0.9991
1.0002
1.0010
1.0016
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 61, No. 6, October 10, 2012
Salmonella infections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (A01–A02)
Shigellosis and amebiasis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (A03,A06)
Certain other intestinal infections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (A04,A07–A09)1
Tuberculosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (A16–A19)
Respiratory tuberculosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (A16)
Other tuberculosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (A17–A19)
Whooping cough . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (A37)
Scarlet fever and erysipelas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (A38,A46)
Meningococcal infection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (A39)
Septicemia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (A40–A41)
Syphilis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (A50–A53)
Acute poliomyelitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (A80)
Arthropod-borne viral encephalitis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (A83–A84,A85.2)
Measles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (B05)
Viral hepatitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (B15–B19)2
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (B20–B24)
Malaria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (B50–B54)
Other and unspecified infectious and parasitic diseases and their sequelae . . . . .(A00,A05,
A20–A36,A42–A44,A48–A49,A54–A79,A81–A82,A85.0–A85.1,A85.8,A86–B04,B06–B09,
B25–B49,B55–B99)
Malignant neoplasms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (C00–C97)
Malignant neoplasms of lip, oral cavity and pharynx . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (C00–C14)
Malignant neoplasm of esophagus. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (C15)
Malignant neoplasm of stomach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (C16)
Malignant neoplasms of colon, rectum and anus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (C18–C21)
Malignant neoplasms of liver and intrahepatic bile ducts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (C22)
Malignant neoplasm of pancreas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (C25)
Malignant neoplasm of larynx. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (C32)
Malignant neoplasms of trachea, bronchus and lung . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (C33–C34)
Malignant melanoma of skin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (C43)
Malignant neoplasm of breast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (C50)
Malignant neoplasm of cervix uteri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (C53)
Malignant neoplasms of corpus uteri and uterus, part unspecified . . . . . . . . (C54–C55)
Malignant neoplasm of ovary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (C56)
Malignant neoplasm of prostate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (C61)
Malignant neoplasms of kidney and renal pelvis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (C64–C65)
Malignant neoplasm of bladder. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (C67)
Malignant neoplasms of meninges, brain and other parts of central
nervous system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (C70–C72)
Malignant neoplasms of lymphoid, hematopoietic and related tissue . . . . . . . (C81–C96)
Hodgkin’s disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (C81)
Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (C82–C85)
Leukemia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (C91–C95)
Multiple myeloma and immunoproliferative neoplasms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (C88,C90)
Ratio of
preliminary
to final
2010
39
40
Table II. Ratios of preliminary to final reported numbers of deaths from 113 selected causes: United States, 2008–2010—Con.
[For explanation of asterisk preceding cause-of-death codes, see Technical Notes]
Other and unspecified malignant neoplasms of lymphoid, hematopoietic and related
tissue. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (C96)
All other and unspecified malignant neoplasms . . . . . . . . . . (C17,C23–C24,C26–C31,
C37–C41,C44–C49,C51–C52,C57–C60,C62–C63,C66,C68–C69,C73–C80,C97)
In situ neoplasms, benign neoplasms and neoplasms of
uncertain or unknown behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (D00–D48)
Anemias . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (D50–D64)
Diabetes mellitus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (E10–E14)
Nutritional deficiencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (E40–E64)
Malnutrition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (E40–E46)
Other nutritional deficiencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (E50–E64)
Meningitis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (G00,G03)
Parkinson’s disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (G20–G21)3
Alzheimer’s disease. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (G30)
Major cardiovascular diseases. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (I00–I78)
Diseases of heart. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (I00–I09,I11,I13,I20–I51)
Acute rheumatic fever and chronic rheumatic heart diseases. . . . . . . . . . . (I00–I09)
Hypertensive heart disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (I11)
Hypertensive heart and renal disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(I13)
Ischemic heart diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (I20–I25)
Acute myocardial infarction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (I21–I22)
Other acute ischemic heart diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(I24)
Other forms of chronic ischemic heart disease. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (I20,I25)
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, so described . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(I25.0)
All other forms of chronic ischemic heart disease. . . . . . . . . . . (I20,I25.1–I25.9)
Other heart diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (I26–I51)
Acute and subacute endocarditis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(I33)
Diseases of pericardium and acute myocarditis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (I30–I31,I40)
Heart failure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(I50)
All other forms of heart disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (I26–I28,I34–I38,I42–I49,I51)
Essential hypertension and hypertensive renal disease. . . . . . . . . . . . . . (I10,I12,I15)
Cerebrovascular diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (I60–I69)
Atherosclerosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(I70)
Other diseases of circulatory system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(I71–I78)4
Aortic aneurysm and dissection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(I71)
Other diseases of arteries, arterioles and capillaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(I72–I78)4
Other disorders of circulatory system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (I80–I99)
Influenza and pneumonia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (J09–J18)5,6
Influenza . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (J09–J11)5
Pneumonia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (J12–J18)6
Other acute lower respiratory infections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (J20–J22,U04)7
Acute bronchitis and bronchiolitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (J20–J21)7
Unspecified acute lower respiratory infection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(J22,U04)
Chronic lower respiratory diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(J40–J47)
Bronchitis, chronic and unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(J40–J42)
Emphysema . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (J43)
See footnotes at end of table.
Final
number of
deaths
2010
Ratio of
preliminary
to final
2010
Preliminary
number of
deaths
2009
Final
number of
deaths
2009
Ratio of
preliminary
to final
2009
Preliminary
number of
deaths
2008
Final
number of
deaths
2008
Ratio of
preliminary
to final
2008
68
68
1.0000
66
67
0.9851
59
59
1.0000
64,765
64,798
0.9995
64,738
64,249
1.0076
63,519
63,423
1.0015
14,892
4,842
68,905
2,931
2,772
158
605
21,963
83,308
777,548
595,444
2,992
33,275
2,790
378,270
121,885
4,149
252,237
56,848
195,388
178,117
1,097
757
57,696
118,567
26,577
129,180
7,213
19,134
10,397
8,737
4,191
50,003
494
49,510
212
175
36
137,789
621
10,021
14,917
4,852
69,071
2,948
2,790
158
608
22,032
83,494
780,213
597,689
2,987
33,678
2,807
379,559
122,071
4,170
253,318
57,438
195,880
178,658
1,103
776
57,757
119,022
26,634
129,476
7,230
19,184
10,431
8,753
4,241
50,097
500
49,597
213
177
36
138,080
620
10,034
0.9983
0.9979
0.9976
0.9942
0.9935
1.0000
0.9951
0.9969
0.9978
0.9966
0.9962
1.0017
0.9880
0.9939
0.9966
0.9985
0.9950
0.9957
0.9897
0.9975
0.9970
0.9946
0.9755
0.9989
0.9962
0.9979
0.9977
0.9976
0.9974
0.9967
0.9982
0.9882
0.9981
0.9880
0.9982
0.9953
0.9887
1.0000
0.9979
1.0016
0.9987
14,616
4,652
68,504
2,836
2,672
164
648
20,552
78,889
779,367
598,607
3,251
33,029
2,880
385,723
125,361
3,953
256,408
56,731
199,677
173,725
1,164
837
56,752
114,971
25,651
128,603
7,341
19,165
10,581
8,584
4,044
53,582
2,808
50,774
263
226
38
137,082
636
10,916
14,605
4,686
68,705
2,850
2,680
170
649
20,565
79,003
780,624
599,413
3,234
33,157
2,871
386,324
125,464
4,001
256,859
57,043
199,816
173,827
1,167
847
56,410
115,403
25,734
128,842
7,377
19,258
10,597
8,661
4,118
53,692
2,918
50,774
272
234
38
137,353
639
10,878
1.0008
0.9927
0.9971
0.9951
0.9970
0.9647
0.9985
0.9994
0.9986
0.9984
0.9987
1.0053
0.9961
1.0031
0.9984
0.9992
0.9880
0.9982
0.9945
0.9993
0.9994
0.9974
0.9882
1.0061
0.9963
0.9968
0.9981
0.9951
0.9952
0.9985
0.9911
0.9820
0.9980
0.9623
1.0000
0.9669
0.9658
1.0000
0.9980
0.9953
1.0035
14,481
5,033
70,601
2,981
2,767
214
633
20,507
82,476
804,899
617,527
3,149
32,374
2,867
405,019
133,723
4,233
267,063
58,517
208,545
174,118
1,179
829
57,215
114,895
25,823
133,750
7,846
19,952
11,088
8,864
4,034
56,335
1,721
54,614
285
235
50
141,075
733
12,459
14,470
5,018
70,553
2,976
2,760
216
633
20,483
82,435
804,483
616,828
3,141
32,391
2,872
405,309
133,958
4,252
267,099
58,625
208,474
173,115
1,180
827
56,830
114,278
25,742
134,148
7,836
19,929
11,079
8,850
4,042
56,284
1,722
54,562
284
235
49
141,090
731
12,448
1.0008
1.0030
1.0007
1.0017
1.0025
0.9907
1.0000
1.0012
1.0005
1.0005
1.0011
1.0025
0.9995
0.9983
0.9993
0.9982
0.9955
0.9999
0.9982
1.0003
1.0058
0.9992
1.0024
1.0068
1.0054
1.0031
0.9970
1.0013
1.0012
1.0008
1.0016
0.9980
1.0009
0.9994
1.0010
1.0035
1.0000
1.0204
0.9999
1.0027
1.0009
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 61, No. 6, October 10, 2012
Cause of death (based on the International Classification of Diseases,
Tenth Revision, 2008 Edition, 2009)
Preliminary
number of
deaths
2010
Table II. Ratios of preliminary to final reported numbers of deaths from 113 selected causes: United States, 2008–2010—Con.
[For explanation of asterisk preceding cause-of-death codes, see Technical Notes]
Cause of death (based on the International Classification of Diseases,
Tenth Revision, 2008 Edition, 2009)
See footnotes at end of table.
Final
number of
deaths
2010
Ratio of
preliminary
to final
2010
Preliminary
number of
deaths
2009
Final
number of
deaths
2009
Ratio of
preliminary
to final
2009
Preliminary
number of
deaths
2008
Final
number of
deaths
2008
Ratio of
preliminary
to final
2008
3,355
123,792
850
17,001
31,144
2,956
415
1,830
31,802
15,950
15,852
3,335
50,472
203
3,404
124,022
845
17,011
31,187
2,977
415
1,832
31,903
15,990
15,913
3,332
50,476
203
0.9856
0.9981
1.0059
0.9994
0.9986
0.9929
1.0000
0.9989
0.9968
0.9975
0.9962
1.0009
0.9999
1.0000
3,345
122,185
843
15,928
30,655
2,937
428
1,821
30,444
15,107
15,338
3,286
48,714
163
3,388
122,448
841
15,948
30,530
2,956
426
1,801
30,558
15,183
15,375
3,300
48,935
159
0.9873
0.9979
1.0024
0.9987
1.0041
0.9936
1.0047
1.0111
0.9963
0.9950
0.9976
0.9958
0.9955
1.0252
3,395
124,489
905
16,622
30,000
3,070
420
1,682
29,963
14,859
15,104
3,425
48,283
165
3,397
124,514
908
16,608
29,925
3,073
418
1,674
29,963
14,864
15,099
3,417
48,237
160
0.9994
0.9998
0.9967
1.0008
1.0025
0.9990
1.0048
1.0048
1.0000
0.9997
1.0003
1.0023
1.0010
1.0313
5,863
44,388
17
602
487
136
824
40
784
12,053
9,587
5,894
44,362
17
608
489
137
825
37
788
12,128
9,673
0.9947
1.0006
1.0000
0.9901
0.9959
0.9927
0.9988
1.0811
0.9949
0.9938
0.9911
4,897
43,628
25
602
438
138
873
34
839
13,114
9,927
4,909
43,840
27
604
446
134
960
34
926
13,116
9,883
0.9976
0.9952
0.9259
0.9967
0.9821
1.0299
0.9094
1.0000
0.9060
0.9998
1.0045
4,120
43,965
33
629
504
133
774
34
739
13,889
10,284
4,109
43,935
33
627
502
136
795
34
761
13,933
10,288
1.0027
1.0007
1.0000
1.0032
1.0040
0.9779
0.9736
1.0000
0.9711
0.9968
0.9996
45,383
269,028
118,043
37,661
38,360
269,844
120,859
37,961
1.1831
0.9970
0.9767
0.9921
43,076
252,241
117,176
39,057
39,829
252,818
118,021
39,031
1.0815
0.9977
0.9928
1.0007
38,455
252,706
121,207
42,742
38,522
252,490
121,902
42,709
0.9983
1.0009
0.9943
1.0008
35,080
35,332
0.9929
36,284
36,216
1.0019
39,831
39,790
1.0010
1,017
1,029
0.9883
991
1,033
0.9593
1,146
1,140
1.0053
1,564
80,382
25,903
600
3,696
2,737
30,781
1,600
82,898
26,009
606
3,782
2,782
33,041
0.9775
0.9696
0.9959
0.9901
0.9773
0.9838
0.9316
1,782
78,118
24,834
588
3,539
2,751
30,504
1,782
78,990
24,792
554
3,517
2,756
31,758
1.0000
0.9890
1.0017
1.0614
1.0063
0.9982
0.9605
1,765
78,465
24,062
587
3,549
2,907
30,306
1,779
79,193
24,013
592
3,548
2,912
31,116
0.9921
0.9908
1.0020
0.9916
1.0003
0.9983
0.9740
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 61, No. 6, October 10, 2012
Asthma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (J45–J46)
Other chronic lower respiratory diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (J44,J47)
Pneumoconioses and chemical effects. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (J60–J66,J68)
Pneumonitis due to solids and liquids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (J69)
Other diseases of respiratory system . . . . . . . . . . . . . (J00–J06,J30–J39,J67,J70–J98)
Peptic ulcer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (K25–K28)
Diseases of appendix. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(K35–K38)8
Hernia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (K40–K46)
Chronic liver disease and cirrhosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (K70,K73–K74)
Alcoholic liver disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (K70)
Other chronic liver disease and cirrhosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (K73–K74)
Cholelithiasis and other disorders of gallbladder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (K80–K82)
Nephritis, nephrotic syndrome and nephrosis . . . . . . . . . .(N00–N07,N17–N19,N25–N27)9
Acute and rapidly progressive nephritic and nephrotic syndrome . . . . . . (N00–N01,N04)
Chronic glomerulonephritis, nephrosis and nephropathy not specified as acute or chronic,
and renal sclerosis unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (N02–N03,N05–N07,N26)
Renal failure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (N17–N19)9
Other disorders of kidney . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (N25,N27)
Infections of kidney . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (N10–N12,N13.6,N15.1)
Hyperplasia of prostate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (N40)
Inflammatory diseases of female pelvic organs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (N70–N76)
Pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (O00–O99)10
Pregnancy with abortive outcome . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (O00–O07)
Other complications of pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium . . . . . . . . (O10–O99)10
Certain conditions originating in the perinatal period. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P00–P96)
Congenital malformations, deformations and chromosomal abnormalities. . . . . . (Q00–Q99)
Symptoms, signs and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings, not
elsewhere classified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (R00–R99)
All other diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (residual)
Accidents (unintentional injuries) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (V01–X59,Y85–Y86)
Transport accidents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (V01–V99,Y85)
Motor vehicle accidents. . . . . . . . . . . (V02–V04,V09.0,V09.2,V12–V14,V19.0–V19.2,
V19.4–V19.6,V20–V79,V80.3–V80.5,V81.0–V81.1,V82.0–V82.1,V83–V86,
V87.0–V87.8,V88.0–V88.8,V89.0,V89.2)
Other land transport accidents. . . . . . . . (V01,V05–V06,V09.1,V09.3–V09.9,V10–V11,
V15–V18,V19.3,V19.8–V19.9,V80.0–V80.2,V80.6–V80.9,
V81.2–V81.9,V82.2–V82.9,V87.9,V88.9,V89.1,V89.3,V89.9)
Water, air and space, and other and unspecified transport accidents and their
sequelae. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (V90–V99,Y85)
Nontransport accidents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (W00–X59,Y86)11
Falls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (W00–W19)
Accidental discharge of firearms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (W32–W34)
Accidental drowning and submersion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (W65–W74)
Accidental exposure to smoke, fire and flames . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (X00–X09)
Accidental poisoning and exposure to noxious substances . . . . . . . . . . . (X40–X49)
Preliminary
number of
deaths
2010
41
42
Table II. Ratios of preliminary to final reported numbers of deaths from 113 selected causes: United States, 2008–2010—Con.
[For explanation of asterisk preceding cause-of-death codes, see Technical Notes]
Other and unspecified nontransport accidents and their
sequelae. . . . . . . . . . . (W20–W31,W35–W64,W75–W99,X10–X39,X50–X59,Y86)11
Intentional self-harm (suicide) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (*U03,X60–X84,Y87.0)
Intentional self-harm (suicide) by discharge of firearms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (X72–X74)
Intentional self-harm (suicide) by other and unspecified means and their
sequelae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (*U03,X60–X71,X75–X84,Y87.0)
Assault (homicide). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (*U01–*U02,X85–Y09,Y87.1)
Assault (homicide) by discharge of firearms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (*U01.4,X93–X95)
Assault (homicide) by other and unspecified means and their
sequelae . . . . . . . . . . (*U01.0–*U01.3,*U01.5–*U01.9,*U02,X85–X92,X96–Y09,Y87.1)
Legal intervention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (Y35,Y89.0)
Events of undetermined intent. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (Y10–Y34,Y87.2,Y89.9)
Discharge of firearms, undetermined intent. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (Y22–Y24)
Other and unspecified events of undetermined intent and their
sequelae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (Y10–Y21,Y25–Y34,Y87.2,Y89.9)
Operations of war and their sequelae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (Y36,Y89.1)
Complications of medical and surgical care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (Y40–Y84,Y88)
Final
number of
deaths
2010
Ratio of
preliminary
to final
2010
Preliminary
number of
deaths
2009
Final
number of
deaths
2009
Ratio of
preliminary
to final
2009
Preliminary
number of
deaths
2008
Final
number of
deaths
2008
Ratio of
preliminary
to final
2008
16,664
37,793
19,308
16,678
38,364
19,392
0.9992
0.9851
0.9957
15,902
36,547
18,689
15,613
36,909
18,735
1.0185
0.9902
0.9975
17,054
35,933
18,251
17,012
36,035
18,223
1.0025
0.9972
1.0015
18,485
16,065
11,015
18,972
16,259
11,078
0.9743
0.9881
0.9943
17,859
16,591
11,406
18,174
16,799
11,493
0.9827
0.9876
0.9924
17,681
17,837
12,209
17,812
17,826
12,179
0.9926
1.0006
1.0025
5,050
409
4,629
246
5,181
412
4,908
252
0.9747
0.9927
0.9432
0.9762
5,185
372
4,730
230
5,306
395
5,005
232
0.9772
0.9418
0.9451
0.9914
5,628
380
4,979
276
5,647
381
5,051
273
0.9966
0.9974
0.9857
1.0110
4,383
9
2,475
4,656
9
2,490
0.9414
1.0000
0.9940
4,500
25
2,550
4,773
25
2,616
0.9428
1.0000
0.9748
4,703
31
2,602
4,778
31
2,590
0.9843
1.0000
1.0046
– Quantity zero.
. . . Category not applicable.
1
Expanded ICD–10 code A09 (Diarrhea and gastroenteritis of infectious origin) was added to the category in 2009; see Technical Notes.
2
New ICD–code B17.9 (Acute viral hepatitis, unspecified) was added to the category in 2011; see Technical Notes.
3
New ICD–10 code G21.4 (Vascular parkinsonism) was added to the category in 2011; see Technical Notes.
4
New ICD–10 code I72.5 (Aneurysm and dissection of other precerebral arteres) was added to the category in 2011; see Technical Notes.
5
Expanded ICD–10 code J09 (Influenza due to certain identified influenza virus) was added to the category in 2009; see Technical Notes.
6
New ICD–10 code J12.3 (Human metapneumovirus pneumonia) was added to the category in 2011; see Technical Notes.
7
New ICD–10 code J21.1 (Acute brochiolitis due to human metapneumovirus) was added to the category in 2011; see Technical Notes.
8
New subcategories replaced previous ones for K35 (Acute appendicitis) in 2011; see Technical Notes.
9
New subcategories replaced previous ones for N18 (Chronic kidney disease) in 2011; see Technical Notes.
10
New ICD–10 codes O14.2 (HELLP syndrome) and O43.2 (Morbidly adherent placenta) were added to the category, and new ICD–10 subcategories were introduced for the existing O96 (Death from any obstetric cause occurring during pregnancy but less
than one year after delivery) and O97 (Death from sequelae of direct obstetric causes); see Technical Notes.
11
New ICD–10 subcategories were introduced for the existing X34 (Victim of earthquake); see Technical Notes.
SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Vital Statistics System.
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 61, No. 6, October 10, 2012
Cause of death (based on the International Classification of Diseases,
Tenth Revision, 2008 Edition, 2009)
Preliminary
number of
deaths
2010
Table III. Ratios of preliminary to final reported numbers of deaths from 130 selected causes of infant death: United States, 2008–2010
[For explanation of asterisks preceding cause-of-death codes, see Technical Notes]
Cause of death (based on the International Classification of Diseases,
Tenth Revision, 2008 Edition, 2009)
Preliminary
number of
deaths
2010
Final
number of
deaths
2010
All causes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
24,548
707
5
318
1
–
1
25
11
224
2
–
92
–
–
–
–
–
92
5
–
–
See footnotes at end of table.
Preliminary
number of
deaths
2009
Final
number of
deaths
2009
Ratio of
preliminary
to final
2009
Preliminary
number of
deaths
2008
Final
number of
deaths
2008
24,586
0.9985
26,526
696
7
316
–
–
–
25
11
215
2
–
92
–
–
–
–
–
92
6
–
–
1.0158
0.7143
1.0063
...
...
...
1.0000
1.0000
1.0419
1.0000
...
1.0000
...
...
...
...
...
1.0000
0.8333
...
...
735
11
328
1
–
–
15
10
234
–
–
98
–
–
–
1
–
97
8
1
–
22
110
62
2
25
35
22
110
62
2
25
35
1.0000
1.0000
1.0000
1.0000
1.0000
1.0000
49
48
99
19
Ratio of
preliminary
to final
2008
26,412
1.0043
28,029
28,059
0.9989
730
11
331
1
–
–
15
11
221
–
–
99
–
–
–
1
–
98
11
1
–
1.0068
1.0000
0.9909
1.0000
...
...
1.0000
0.9091
1.0588
...
...
0.9899
...
...
...
1.0000
...
0.9898
0.7273
1.0000
...
485
12
–
–
–
–
18
9
293
–
–
102
–
–
–
–
–
102
7
–
3
478
12
–
–
–
–
18
9
289
–
–
102
–
–
–
–
–
102
7
–
3
1.0146
1.0000
...
...
...
...
1.0000
1.0000
1.0138
...
...
1.0000
...
...
...
...
...
1.0000
1.0000
...
1.0000
27
148
87
–
28
60
29
136
74
–
27
47
0.9310
1.0882
1.1757
...
1.0370
1.2766
40
128
68
1
27
39
38
131
70
1
27
42
1.0526
0.9771
0.9714
1.0000
1.0000
0.9286
1.0208
61
62
0.9839
60
61
0.9836
95
15
1.0421
1.2667
89
12
92
13
0.9674
0.9231
81
15
80
15
1.0125
1.0000
60
20
186
2
2
5
49
60
20
188
2
3
5
48
1.0000
1.0000
0.9894
1.0000
0.6667
1.0000
1.0208
62
14
209
3
3
7
45
64
15
196
2
3
7
46
0.9688
0.9333
1.0663
1.5000
1.0000
1.0000
0.9783
56
9
247
9
9
4
80
56
9
248
9
10
4
78
1.0000
1.0000
0.9960
1.0000
0.9000
1.0000
1.0256
128
338
130
345
0.9846
0.9797
151
340
138
354
1.0942
0.9605
145
414
147
415
0.9864
0.9976
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 61, No. 6, October 10, 2012
Certain infectious and parasitic diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (A00–B99)1,2
Certain intestinal infectious diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (A00–A08)
Diarrhea and gastroenteritis of infectious origin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(A09)1
Tuberculosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (A16–A19)
Tetanus. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (A33,A35)
Diphtheria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (A36)
Whooping cough . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (A37)
Meningococcal infection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (A39)
Septicemia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (A40–A41)
Congenital syphilis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (A50)
Gonococcal infection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (A54)
Viral diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(A80–B34)2
Acute poliomyelitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (A80)
Varicella (chickenpox) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (B01)
Measles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (B05)
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (B20–B24)
Mumps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (B26)
Other and unspecified viral diseases . . . .(A81–B00,B02–B04,B06–B19,B25,B27–B34)2
Candidiasis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (B37)
Malaria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (B50–B54)
Pneumocystosis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (B59)
All other and unspecified infectious and parasitic diseases . . . . . . . . . (A20–A32,A38,
A42–A49,A51–A53,A55–A79,B35–B36,B38–B49,B55–B58,B60–B99)
Neoplasms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (C00–D48)
Malignant neoplasms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (C00–C97)
Hodgkin’s disease and non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (C81–C85)
Leukemia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (C91–C95)
Other and unspecified malignant neoplasms . . . . . . . (C00–C80,C88–C90,C96–C97)
In situ neoplasms, benign neoplasms and neoplasms of uncertain or unknown
behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (D00–D48)
Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs and certain disorders involving
the immune mechanism. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (D50–D89)
Anemias . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (D50–D64)
Hemorrhagic conditions and other diseases of blood and blood-forming
organs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (D65–D76)
Certain disorders involving the immune mechanism. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (D80–D89)
Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (E00–E88)
Short stature, not elsewhere classified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (E34.3)
Nutritional deficiencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (E40–E64)
Cystic fibrosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (E84)
Volume depletion, disorders of fluid, electrolyte and acid-base balance . . . . . (E86–E87)
All other endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases . . . . . . . (E00–E32,E34.0–E34.2,
E34.4–E34.9,E65–E83,E85,E88)
Diseases of the nervous system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (G00–G98)
Ratio of
preliminary
to final
2010
43
44
Table III. Ratios of preliminary to final reported numbers of deaths from 130 selected causes of infant death: United States, 2008–2010—Con.
[For explanation of asterisks preceding cause-of-death codes, see Technical Notes]
Meningitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (G00,G03)
Infantile spinal muscular atrophy, type I (Werdnig-Hoffman) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (G12.0)
Infantile cerebral palsy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (G80)
Anoxic brain damage, not elsewhere classified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (G93.1)
Other diseases of nervous system. . . . . . . . . . (G04,G06–G11,G12.1–G12.9,G20–G72,
G81–G92,G93.0,G93.2–G93.9,G95–G98)3
Diseases of the ear and mastoid process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (H60–H93)
Diseases of the circulatory system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(I00–I99)4
Pulmonary heart disease and diseases of pulmonary circulation . . . . . . . . . . (I26–I28)
Pericarditis, endocarditis and myocarditis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (I30,I33,I40)
Cardiomyopathy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(I42)
Cardiac arrest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (I46)
Cerebrovascular diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (I60–I69)
All other diseases of circulatory system. . . (I00–I25,I31,I34–I38,I44–I45,I47–I51,I70–I99)4
Diseases of the respiratory system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(J00–J98,U04)5,6,7
Acute upper respiratory infections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(J00–J06)
Influenza and pneumonia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (J09–J18)5,6
Influenza . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (J09–J11)5
Pneumonia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (J12–J18)6
Acute bronchitis and acute bronchiolitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (J20–J21)7
Bronchitis, chronic and unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(J40–J42)
Asthma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(J45–J46)
Pneumonitis due to solids and liquids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (J69)
Other and unspecified diseases of respiratory system . . . . . . . . . . . . . (J22,J30–J39,
J43–J44,J47–J68,J70–J98,U04)
Diseases of the digestive system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(K00–K92)8
Gastritis, duodenitis, and noninfective enteritis and colitis . . . . . . . . . . (K29,K50–K55)
Hernia of abdominal cavity and intestinal obstruction without hernia . . . . (K40–K46,K56)
All other and unspecified diseases of digestive system. . . (K00–K28,K30–K38,K57–K92)8
Diseases of the genitourinary system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (N00–N98)9
Renal failure and other disorders of kidney . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (N17–N19,N25,N27)9
Other and unspecified diseases of genitourinary system . . . . . . . . (N00–N15,N20–N23,
N26,N28–N98)
Certain conditions originating in the perinatal period. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P00–P96)
Newborn affected by maternal factors and by complications of pregnancy,
labor and delivery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P00–P04)
Newborn affected by maternal hypertensive disorders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P00.0)
Newborn affected by other maternal conditions which may be unrelated
to present pregnancy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P00.1–P00.9)
Newborn affected by maternal complications of pregnancy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P01)
Newborn affected by incompetent cervix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P01.0)
Newborn affected by premature rupture of membranes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P01.1)
Newborn affected by multiple pregnancy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P01.5)
Newborn affected by other maternal complications of
pregnancy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P01.2–P01.4,P01.6–P01.9)
See footnotes at end of table.
Final
number of
deaths
2010
Ratio of
preliminary
to final
2010
Preliminary
number of
deaths
2009
Final
number of
deaths
2009
Ratio of
preliminary
to final
2009
Preliminary
number of
deaths
2008
Final
number of
deaths
2008
Ratio of
preliminary
to final
2008
59
4
3
36
58
4
3
39
1.0172
1.0000
1.0000
0.9231
59
13
7
38
62
13
8
38
0.9516
1.0000
0.8750
1.0000
67
5
8
51
68
5
8
56
0.9853
1.0000
1.0000
0.9107
236
3
499
88
12
77
18
130
174
564
13
188
16
171
27
23
6
18
241
3
507
90
14
79
18
130
176
574
15
195
16
179
27
25
6
18
0.9793
1.0000
0.9842
0.9778
0.8571
0.9747
1.0000
1.0000
0.9886
0.9826
0.8667
0.9641
1.0000
0.9553
1.0000
0.9200
1.0000
1.0000
223
2
565
105
16
110
27
129
177
584
10
238
28
210
46
13
4
6
233
2
581
112
15
111
28
147
168
595
12
251
43
208
46
13
6
7
0.9571
1.0000
0.9725
0.9375
1.0667
0.9910
0.9643
0.8776
1.0536
0.9815
0.8333
0.9482
0.6512
1.0096
1.0000
1.0000
0.6667
0.8571
283
6
590
88
19
114
25
144
201
578
12
225
16
208
43
22
6
10
278
6
594
88
18
115
25
141
207
578
12
226
16
210
43
23
6
11
1.0180
1.0000
0.9933
1.0000
1.0556
0.9913
1.0000
1.0213
0.9710
1.0000
1.0000
0.9956
1.0000
0.9905
1.0000
0.9565
1.0000
0.9091
289
201
28
50
122
126
98
288
204
29
51
124
126
100
1.0035
0.9853
0.9655
0.9804
0.9839
1.0000
0.9800
267
229
33
50
147
124
103
260
220
31
49
140
127
105
1.0269
1.0409
1.0645
1.0204
1.0500
0.9764
0.9810
260
578
355
47
175
172
140
257
579
354
46
179
169
139
1.0117
0.9983
1.0028
1.0217
0.9777
1.0178
1.0072
28
11,924
26
12,008
1.0769
0.9930
21
12,981
22
12,999
0.9545
0.9986
32
13,738
30
13,800
1.0667
0.9955
2,909
83
2,920
85
0.9962
0.9765
2,914
82
2,980
83
0.9779
0.9880
3,153
84
3,168
85
0.9953
0.9882
87
1,555
430
776
164
87
1,561
431
781
163
1.0000
0.9962
0.9977
0.9936
1.0061
90
1,586
423
778
198
94
1,608
430
774
206
0.9574
0.9863
0.9837
1.0052
0.9612
89
1,764
447
840
257
88
1,765
446
841
257
1.0114
0.9994
1.0022
0.9988
1.0000
186
186
1.0000
187
198
0.9444
220
221
0.9955
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 61, No. 6, October 10, 2012
Cause of death (based on the International Classification of Diseases,
Tenth Revision, 2008 Edition, 2009)
Preliminary
number of
deaths
2010
Table III. Ratios of preliminary to final reported numbers of deaths from 130 selected causes of infant death: United States, 2008–2010—Con.
[For explanation of asterisks preceding cause-of-death codes, see Technical Notes]
Cause of death (based on the International Classification of Diseases,
Tenth Revision, 2008 Edition, 2009)
See footnotes at end of table.
Final
number of
deaths
2010
Ratio of
preliminary
to final
2010
Preliminary
number of
deaths
2009
Final
number of
deaths
2009
Ratio of
preliminary
to final
2009
Preliminary
number of
deaths
2008
Final
number of
deaths
2008
Ratio of
preliminary
to final
2008
1,030
491
39
498
1,030
492
39
497
1.0000
0.9980
1.0000
1.0020
1,022
498
40
483
1,064
522
41
500
0.9605
0.9540
0.9756
0.9660
1,073
531
55
486
1,080
539
55
485
0.9935
0.9852
1.0000
1.0021
2
108
45
4,215
85
2
110
47
4,233
85
1.0000
0.9818
0.9574
0.9957
1.0000
1
109
26
4,568
106
1
98
33
4,625
87
1.0000
1.1122
0.7879
0.9877
1.2184
1
95
48
4,816
83
1
99
51
4,836
82
1.0000
0.9596
0.9412
0.9959
1.0122
4,130
3,158
972
–
19
311
134
177
496
802
70
49
4,148
3,176
972
–
19
314
136
178
514
812
71
51
0.9957
0.9943
1.0000
...
1.0000
0.9904
0.9853
0.9944
0.9650
0.9877
0.9859
0.9608
4,463
3,399
1,064
–
17
342
139
203
587
964
101
40
4,538
3,467
1,071
–
16
316
119
197
595
956
95
44
0.9835
0.9804
0.9935
...
1.0625
1.0823
1.1681
1.0305
0.9866
1.0084
1.0632
0.9091
4,733
3,636
1,097
–
18
382
144
238
625
1,102
74
58
4,754
3,645
1,109
–
18
385
143
242
630
1,099
73
58
0.9956
0.9975
0.9892
...
1.0000
0.9922
1.0070
0.9835
0.9921
1.0027
1.0137
1.0000
104
166
107
249
56
733
569
1
163
555
467
1
106
167
106
248
63
745
583
1
161
556
469
1
0.9811
0.9940
1.0094
1.0040
0.8889
0.9839
0.9760
1.0000
1.0124
0.9982
0.9957
1.0000
113
162
180
297
72
858
682
4
172
644
537
1
113
159
183
283
79
832
652
4
176
624
517
1
1.0000
1.0189
0.9836
1.0495
0.9114
1.0313
1.0460
1.0000
0.9773
1.0321
1.0387
1.0000
121
199
239
334
77
896
696
2
198
642
551
2
122
196
237
334
79
903
700
2
201
648
556
2
0.9918
1.0153
1.0084
1.0000
0.9747
0.9922
0.9943
1.0000
0.9851
0.9907
0.9910
1.0000
7
79
3
470
149
1,263
5,077
295
7
79
3
472
150
1,270
5,107
293
1.0000
1.0000
1.0000
0.9958
0.9933
0.9945
0.9941
1.0068
14
91
11
505
185
1,385
5,358
318
15
91
11
484
193
1,367
5,319
324
0.9333
1.0000
1.0000
1.0434
0.9585
1.0132
1.0073
0.9815
10
78
11
547
170
1,375
5,647
340
10
80
11
549
169
1,384
5,638
338
1.0000
0.9750
1.0000
0.9964
1.0059
0.9935
1.0016
1.0059
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 61, No. 6, October 10, 2012
Newborn affected by complications of placenta, cord and membranes. . . . . . . . . (P02)
Newborn affected by complications involving placenta . . . . . . . . . . . . (P02.0–P02.3)
Newborn affected by complications involving cord . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P02.4–P02.6)
Newborn affected by chorioamnionitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P02.7)
Newborn affected by other and unspecified abnormalities of
membranes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P02.8–P02.9)
Newborn affected by other complications of labor and delivery . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P03)
Newborn affected by noxious influences transmitted via placenta or breast milk . . . (P04)
Disorders related to length of gestation and fetal malnutrition . . . . . . . . . . . (P05–P08)
Slow fetal growth and fetal malnutrition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P05)
Disorders related to short gestation and low birth weight,
not elsewhere classified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P07)
Extremely low birth weight or extreme immaturity . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P07.0,P07.2)
Other low birth weight or preterm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P07.1,P07.3)
Disorders related to long gestation and high birth weight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P08)
Birth trauma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P10–P15)
Intrauterine hypoxia and birth asphyxia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P20–P21)
Intrauterine hypoxia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P20)
Birth asphyxia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P21)
Respiratory distress of newborn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P22)
Other respiratory conditions originating in the perinatal period . . . . . . . . . . (P23–P28)
Congenital pneumonia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P23)
Neonatal aspiration syndromes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P24)
Interstitial emphysema and related conditions originating in the perinatal
period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P25)
Pulmonary hemorrhage originating in the perinatal period. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P26)
Chronic respiratory disease originating in the perinatal period . . . . . . . . . . . . (P27)
Atelectasis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P28.0–P28.1)
All other respiratory conditions originating in the perinatal period . . . . . (P28.2–P28.9)
Infections specific to the perinatal period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P35–P39)
Bacterial sepsis of newborn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P36)
Omphalitis of newborn with or without mild hemorrhage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P38)
All other infections specific to the perinatal period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P35,P37,P39)
Hemorrhagic and hematological disorders of newborn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P50–P61)
Neonatal hemorrhage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P50–P52,P54)
Hemorrhagic disease of newborn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P53)
Hemolytic disease of newborn due to isoimmunization and other perinatal
jaundice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P55–P59)
Hematological disorders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P60–P61)
Syndrome of infant of a diabetic mother and neonatal diabetes mellitus . . (P70.0–P70.2)
Necrotizing enterocolitis of newborn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P77)
Hydrops fetalis not due to hemolytic disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (P83.2)
Other perinatal conditions . . . . . . . . (P29,P70.3–P76,P78–P81,P83.0–P83.1,P83.3–P96)
Congenital malformations, deformations and chromosomal abnormalities. . . . . . (Q00–Q99)
Anencephaly and similar malformations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (Q00)
Preliminary
number of
deaths
2010
45
46
Table III. Ratios of preliminary to final reported numbers of deaths from 130 selected causes of infant death: United States, 2008–2010—Con.
[For explanation of asterisks preceding cause-of-death codes, see Technical Notes]
Congenital hydrocephalus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (Q03)
Spina bifida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (Q05)
Other congenital malformations of nervous system . . . . . . . . (Q01–Q02,Q04,Q06–Q07)
Congenital malformations of heart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (Q20–Q24)
Other congenital malformations of circulatory system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (Q25–Q28)
Congenital malformations of respiratory system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (Q30–Q34)
Congenital malformations of digestive system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (Q35–Q45)
Congenital malformations of genitourinary system. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (Q50–Q64)
Congenital malformations and deformations of musculoskeletal system, limbs
and integument . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (Q65–Q85)
Down’s syndrome. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (Q90)
Edward’s syndrome . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(Q91.0–Q91.3)
Patau’s syndrome . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(Q91.4–Q91.7)
Other congenital malformations and deformations . . . . . . . . . . . . (Q10–Q18,Q86–Q89)
Other chromosomal abnormalities, not elsewhere classified . . . . . . . . . . . . (Q92–Q99)
Symptoms, signs and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings,
not elsewhere classified. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (R00–R99)
Sudden infant death syndrome . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (R95)
Other symptoms, signs and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings,
not elsewhere classified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (R00–R53,R55–R94,R96–R99)
All other diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (residual)
External causes of mortality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (*U01,V01–Y84)
Accidents (unintentional injuries) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (V01–X59)10
Transport accidents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (V01–V99)
Motor vehicle accidents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (V02–V04,V09.0,V09.2,V12–V14,
V19.0–V19.2,V19.4–V19.6,V20–V79,V80.3–V80.5,V81.0–V81.1,
V82.0–V82.1,V83–V86,V87.0–V87.8,V88.0–V88.8,V89.0,V89.2)
Other and unspecified transport accidents . . . . . . . . . . . . .(V01,V05–V06,V09.1,
V09.3–V09.9,V10–V11,V15–V18,V19.3,V19.8–V19.9,V80.0–V80.2,V80.6–V80.9,
V81.2–V81.9,V82.2–V82.9,V87.9,V88.9,V89.1,V89.3,V89.9,V90–V99)
Falls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (W00–W19)
Accidental discharge of firearms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (W32–W34)
Accidental drowning and submersion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (W65–W74)
Accidental suffocation and strangulation in bed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (W75)
Other accidental suffocation and strangulation . . . . . . . . . . . (W76–W77,W81–W84)
Accidental inhalation and ingestion of food or other objects causing obstruction of
respiratory tract . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (W78–W80)
Accidents caused by exposure to smoke, fire and flames. . . . . . . . . . . . (X00–X09)
Accidental poisoning and exposure to noxious substances . . . . . . . . . . . (X40–X49)
Other and unspecified accidents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (W20–W31,
W35–W64,W85–W99,X10–X39,X50–X59)10
See footnotes at end of table.
Final
number of
deaths
2010
Ratio of
preliminary
to final
2010
Preliminary
number of
deaths
2009
Final
number of
deaths
2009
Ratio of
preliminary
to final
2009
Preliminary
number of
deaths
2008
Final
number of
deaths
2008
Ratio of
preliminary
to final
2008
105
14
320
1,131
175
395
88
454
105
15
318
1,148
176
399
88
457
1.0000
0.9333
1.0063
0.9852
0.9943
0.9900
1.0000
0.9934
114
21
321
1,232
181
387
66
488
105
23
328
1,226
187
390
67
500
1.0857
0.9130
0.9787
1.0049
0.9679
0.9923
0.9851
0.9760
104
22
356
1,307
219
378
85
516
106
23
355
1,305
222
371
83
515
0.9811
0.9565
1.0028
1.0015
0.9865
1.0189
1.0241
1.0019
573
85
470
245
537
191
577
85
470
244
542
190
0.9931
1.0000
1.0000
1.0041
0.9908
1.0053
583
80
530
247
575
214
545
86
499
250
592
197
1.0697
0.9302
1.0621
0.9880
0.9713
1.0863
665
87
556
278
535
200
664
88
554
275
538
201
1.0015
0.9886
1.0036
1.0109
0.9944
0.9950
3,243
1,890
3,052
2,063
1.0626
0.9161
3,510
2,168
3,420
2,226
1.0263
0.9739
3,582
2,292
3,546
2,353
1.0102
0.9741
1,353
22
1,448
1,043
80
989
20
1,551
1110
81
1.3680
1.1000
0.9336
0.9396
0.9877
1,342
31
1,620
1,158
108
1,194
14
1,627
1181
97
1.1240
2.2143
0.9957
0.9805
1.1134
1,290
34
1,750
1,299
105
1,193
24
1,773
1,315
104
1.0813
1.4167
0.9870
0.9878
1.0096
78
79
0.9873
106
95
1.1158
104
103
1.0097
2
11
–
36
586
206
2
10
–
39
629
218
1.0000
1.1000
...
0.9231
0.9316
0.9450
2
28
–
41
638
192
2
19
1
45
665
188
1.0000
1.4737
...
0.9111
0.9594
1.0213
1
19
–
37
730
249
1
13
–
41
736
260
1.0000
1.4615
...
0.9024
0.9918
0.9577
53
20
6
58
21
6
0.9138
0.9524
1.0000
51
24
12
54
24
22
0.9444
1.0000
0.5455
60
19
11
62
20
11
0.9677
0.9500
1.0000
44
48
0.9167
64
66
0.9697
67
68
0.9853
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 61, No. 6, October 10, 2012
Cause of death (based on the International Classification of Diseases,
Tenth Revision, 2008 Edition, 2009)
Preliminary
number of
deaths
2010
Table III. Ratios of preliminary to final reported numbers of deaths from 130 selected causes of infant death: United States, 2008–2010—Con.
[For explanation of asterisks preceding cause-of-death codes, see Technical Notes]
Cause of death (based on the International Classification of Diseases,
Tenth Revision, 2008 Edition, 2009)
Assault (homicide) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (*U01,X85–Y09)
Assault (homicide) by hanging, strangulation and suffocation. . . . . . . . . . . . . (X91)
Assault (homicide) by discharge of firearms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (*U01.4,X93–X95)
Neglect, abandonment and other maltreatment syndromes . . . . . . . . . . . (Y06–Y07)
Assault (homicide) by other and unspecified means . . . . . . . . . . . . (*U01.0–*U01.3,
*U01.5–*U01.9,X85–X90,X92,X96–X99,Y00–Y05,Y08–Y09)
Complications of medical and surgical care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (Y40–Y84)
Other external causes and their sequelae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (Y10–Y36)
Preliminary
number of
deaths
2010
Final
number of
deaths
2010
Ratio of
preliminary
to final
2010
Preliminary
number of
deaths
2009
Final
number of
deaths
2009
Ratio of
preliminary
to final
2009
Preliminary
number of
deaths
2008
Final
number of
deaths
2008
Ratio of
preliminary
to final
2008
291
14
11
85
311
15
11
82
0.9357
0.9333
1.0000
1.0366
327
23
24
88
317
26
11
97
1.0315
0.8846
2.1818
0.9072
337
31
8
99
340
32
9
98
0.9912
0.9688
0.8889
1.0102
181
19
95
203
22
108
0.8916
0.8636
0.8796
192
18
117
183
17
112
1.0492
1.0588
1.0446
199
23
91
201
24
94
0.9900
0.9583
0.9681
– Quantity zero.
. . . Category not applicable.
1
Expanded ICD–10 code A09 (Diarrhea and gastroenteritis of infectious origin) was added to the category in 2009; see Technical Notes.
2
New ICD–code B17.9 (Acute viral hepatitis, unspecified) was added to the category in 2011; see Technical Notes.
3
New ICD–10 code G21.4 (Vascular parkinsonism) was added to the category in 2011; see Technical Notes.
4
New ICD–10 code I72.5 (Aneurysm and dissection of other precerebral arteres) was added to the category in 2011; see Technical Notes.
5
Expanded ICD–10 code J09 (Influenza due to certain identified influenza virus) was added to the category in 2009; see Technical Notes.
6
New ICD–10 code J12.3 (Human metapneumovirus pneumonia) was added to the category in 2011; see Technical Notes.
7
New ICD–10 code J21.1 (Acute brochiolitis due to human metapneumovirus) was added to the category in 2011; see Technical Notes.
8
New subcategories replaced previous ones for K35 (Acute appendicitis) in 2011; see Technical Notes.
9
New subcategories replaced previous ones for N18 (Chronic kidney disease) in 2011; see Technical Notes.
10
New ICD–10 subcategories were introduced for the existing X34 (Victim of earthquake), see Technical Notes.
SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Vital Statistics System.
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 61, No. 6, October 10, 2012
47
48
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 61, No. 6, October 10, 2012
are available on the NCHS website (14). The production of these
population estimates is described in detail elsewhere (23).
Rates for Puerto Rico, American Samoa, Guam, Northern Mariana
Islands, and Virgin Islands in this report are based on population
estimates as of July 1 for 2010 and 2011. These population estimates
are available on the Census Bureau’s website at http://
www.census.gov/population/international/data/idb/region.php.
The population estimates have been produced under a collab
orative arrangement with the U.S. Census Bureau and are based on
the 2010 census counts. Reflecting the new standards issued in 1997
by OMB, the 2010 census included an option for persons to report more
than one race as appropriate for themselves and household members
(21). In addition, the 1997 OMB standards called for reporting of Asian
persons separately from NHOPI. In the 1977 OMB standards, data for
API persons were collected as a single group (22). Death certificates
for 12 states currently collect only one race in the same categories as
specified in the 1977 OMB standards (see ‘‘2003 revision of U.S.
Standard Certificate of Death’’). In addition, those death certificate data
do not report Asian persons separately from NHOPI. Thus, for nearly
one-quarter of the states, the death certificate data by race (numerators
for death rates) are incompatible with population data collected in the
2010 census (the denominators for the rates).
To produce national death rates for 2010 and 2011, the reported
population data for multiple-race persons had to be ‘‘bridged’’ back to
single-race categories. In addition, the census counts were modified to
be consistent with the 1977 OMB racial categories; that is, to report
the data for Asian persons and NHOPI as one combined category, API,
and to reflect age as of the census reference date. The procedures used
to produce the bridged populations are described in separate publi
cations (23,24). Bridged data are anticipated to be used over the next
few years for computing population-based rates. As more states collect
data on race according to the 1997 OMB standards (21), use of the
bridged populations is expected to be discontinued.
Computing rates and percentages
Death rates are on an annual basis per 100,000 estimated
population residing in the specified area. Infant mortality rates are per
1,000 or per 100,000 live births.
Age-adjusted death rates (R′) are used to compare relative mor
tality risks among groups and over time; however, they should be
viewed as relative indexes rather than as actual measures of mortality
risk. They were computed by the direct method; that is, by applying
age-specific death rates (Ri) to the U.S. standard population (relative
age distribution of year 2000 projected population of the United States);
see the following formula for age-adjusted death rate, and the table of
U.S. standard population (Table IV):
R′ =
O
Psi
R ,
Ps i
i
where
Psi = standard population for age group i
Ps = total U.S. standard population [all ages combined (Table IV)].
Age-adjusted death rates for injury at work were computed by
applying the age-specific death rates to the U.S. standard population
Table IV. United States year 2000 standard population
Age
Population
All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Under 1 year . . .
1–4 years . . . . .
5–14 years . . . .
15–24 years . . .
25–34 years . . .
35–44 years . . .
45–54 years . . .
55–64 years . . .
65–74 years . . .
75–84 years . . .
85 years and over
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274,633,642
3,794,901
15,191,619
39,976,619
38,076,743
37,233,437
44,659,185
37,030,152
23,961,506
18,135,514
12,314,793
4,259,173
for ages 15 and over. The year 2000 standard population used for
computing age-adjusted rates and standard errors for injury at work is
shown in Table V.
Age-adjusted rates for Puerto Rico, American Samoa, Guam,
Northern Mariana Islands, and Virgin Islands were computed by
applying age-specific death rates to the U.S. standard population. The
year 2000 standard population used for computing age-adjusted rates
for the territories is shown in Table IV.
Effective with 1999 data, the standard population was changed
from 1940 to the year 2000 population in accordance with the new
statistical policy promulgated by the Secretary of Health and Human
Services in August 1998 (38). The transition in standard population is
described in greater detail in ‘‘Deaths: Final Data for 2010’’ (3).
Death rates for the Hispanic population are based only on events
to persons reported as Hispanic. Rates for non-Hispanic white persons
are based on the sum of all events to white decedents reported as
non-Hispanic and white decedents with origin not stated. Likewise,
rates for non-Hispanic black persons are based on the sum of all events
to black decedents reported as non-Hispanic and black decedents with
origin not stated. Hispanic origin is not imputed if it is not reported. Race
not stated is imputed. For calculating death rates, deaths with age not
stated are not distributed. The number of deaths with age not stated
in 2011 was 132, approximately 0.005 percent of all deaths.
For statistics shown in the body of tables throughout this report,
an asterisk (*) indicates that the figure does not meet standards of
reliability or precision. In this report, two sets of criteria determine
whether a figure meets these standards:
+
Reporting for any particular variable is at least 80 percent com
plete. In this report, no data were suppressed based on this
criterion.
Table V. United States year 2000 standard population for
ages 15 and over
Age
Population
15 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15–24 years . . .
25–34 years . . .
35–44 years . . .
45–54 years . . . .
55–64 years . . .
65 years and over
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215,670,503
38,076,743
37,233,437
44,659,185
37,030,152
23,961,506
34,709,480
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 61, No. 6, October 10, 2012
+
A rate or percentage is based on at least 20 deaths. Rates based
on fewer than 20 deaths have a relative standard error (RSE) of
about 23 percent or more and, therefore, are considered highly
variable. For age-adjusted death rates, this criterion is applied to
the sum of the age-specific deaths; however, some death rates
(based on data files that are less than 100 percent complete and
on 20–31 deaths) may have RSEs of 23 percent or more but are
still shown instead of asterisks. As a result, caution should be
exercised in analyzing rates based on 20–31 events. Additional
information on random variation in numbers of events, rates,
ratios, and percentages may be found in ‘‘Reliability of estimates.’’
Reliability of estimates
49
Even where the number of vital events in this report is 100 percent
complete and not subject to sampling variability, it might be affected
by random variation. Thus, when the number of events is small and
the probability of such an event is small, considerable caution must be
observed in interpreting the data. Such infrequent events may be
assumed to follow a Poisson probability distribution. The first column
of Table VI shows the estimated RSEs of a file that is nearly 100 percent
complete.
Data in a file that is less than 100 percent complete are affected
by sampling variation as well as by random variation. The estimated
RSEs in columns 2–6 of Table VI for various levels of file completeness
are measures of the sampling errors and the random errors of the
estimates. They do not include nonsampling error.
The estimated RSEs in Table VI were computed using:
Because the preliminary estimates of deaths in this report are
based on files that may not be complete, they are subject to sampling
variability. This concept is reflected in the fact that record weights are
used to adjust record counts to independent control totals. The lack
of completeness of the vital statistics files is due to delays in
receiving and processing the death records. Although the proportion
of records making up the preliminary file does not constitute a
veritable random sample, for the sake of convenience the variability
associated with this error (sampling variability) is treated as if it were
from a random sample.
Œ
1. RSE = 100
1 (1 – f) (N – X)
+
,
X f X (N – (1/f))
where
f = the sampling fraction or the percent of file completeness/100
from Table I. For mortality data based on deaths under 1
year of age, use f for ‘‘infant deaths’’ for either the
demographic or medical file as appropriate. For mortality
data based on all ages combined or any age group that is 1
Table VI. Relative standard errors for preliminary number of deaths by percentage of file completeness
[Relative standard errors are expressed as a percentage of the estimate]
Percent of file completeness
Estimated number of deaths
100
95
100.0
44.7
31.6
22.4
18.3
15.8
14.1
12.9
12.0
11.2
10.5
10.0
7.1
5.8
5.0
4.5
4.1
3.8
3.5
3.3
3.2
2.2
1.4
1.0
0.7
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
102.6
45.9
32.4
22.9
18.7
16.2
14.5
13.2
12.3
11.5
10.8
10.3
7.3
5.9
5.1
4.6
4.2
3.9
3.6
3.4
3.2
2.3
1.5
1.0
0.7
0.5
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
90
80
70
60
119.5
53.5
37.8
26.7
21.8
18.9
16.9
15.4
14.3
13.4
12.6
12.0
8.5
6.9
6.0
5.3
4.9
4.5
4.2
4.0
3.8
2.7
1.7
1.2
0.8
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
129.1
57.7
40.8
28.9
23.6
20.4
18.3
16.7
15.4
14.4
13.6
12.9
9.1
7.5
6.5
5.8
5.3
4.9
4.6
4.3
4.1
2.9
1.8
1.3
0.9
0.6
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
Relative standard error (percent)
1 .....
5 .....
10 . . . . .
20 . . . . .
30 . . . . .
40 . . . . .
50 . . . . .
60 . . . . .
70 . . . . .
80 . . . . .
90 . . . . .
100 . . . .
200 . . . .
300 . . . .
400 . . . .
500 . . . .
600 . . . .
700 . . . .
800 . . . .
900 . . . .
1,000 . . .
2,000 . . .
5,000 . . .
10,000 . .
20,000 . .
50,000 . .
100,000 .
200,000 .
500,000 .
1,000,000
2,000,000
4,000,000
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105.4
47.1
33.3
23.6
19.2
16.7
14.9
13.6
12.6
11.8
11.1
10.5
7.5
6.1
5.3
4.7
4.3
4.0
3.7
3.5
3.3
2.4
1.5
1.1
0.7
0.5
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
111.8
50.0
35.4
25.0
20.4
17.7
15.8
14.4
13.4
12.5
11.8
11.2
7.9
6.5
5.6
5.0
4.6
4.2
4.0
3.7
3.5
2.5
1.6
1.1
0.8
0.5
0.4
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
50
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 61, No. 6, October 10, 2012
year and over, use f for ‘‘deaths 1 year of age and over’’ for
either the demographic or medical files as appropriate.
X
= the estimated number of infant deaths or deaths.
N
= total count of infant deaths or deaths for the United States
or any state. (NOTE: RSEs shown in Table VI are based on
N = 4,000,000. If N is smaller, the RSEs may be slightly
smaller than those shown.)
RSEs may be used to compute 95 percent confidence intervals
for the number of events (X), for a rate (R), or for a percentage (P)
and to compute statistical tests concerning the equality of two rates
(R1 and R2) or two percentages (P1 and P2).
For the number of deaths, the 95 percent confidence interval may
be computed as:
(
(
2. Lower limit: X1 – 1.96 c X1 c
3. Upper limit: X1 + 1.96 c X1 c
)
)
RSE(X1)
100
RSE(X1)
100
.
As a hypothetical example, assume the number of deaths, X1, is
70 from a file with 80 percent completeness. Then,
13.4
= 51.6
(
100 )
13.4
Upper limit: 70 + (1.96 c 70 c
= 88.4 .
100 )
Lower limit: 70 – 1.96 c 70 c
This means that the chances are 95 times out of 100 that the
confidence interval (51.6–88.4) will cover the ‘‘true’’ number of
deaths.
For rates based on population estimates in the denominator, the
95 percent confidence interval may be computed as:
(
(
4. Lower limit: R1 – 1.96 c R1 c
5. Upper limit: R1 + 1.96 c R1 c
)
)
100
RSE(R1)
100
.
)
13.4
Upper limit: 20.0 + (1.96 c 20.0 c
= 25.3 .
100 )
(
∑
13.4
= 14.7
100
This means that the chances are 95 times out of 100 that the
confidence interval (14.7–25.3) will cover the ‘‘true’’ rate.
For age-adjusted death rates, R’, the 95 percent confidence
interval may be computed as:
)
(
RSE(R′)
7. Upper limit: R ′ + (1.96 c R ′ c
,
100 )
RSE(R′)
6. Lower limit: R ′ – 1.96 c R ′ c
100
1 + (1 – fi) (Ni – Xi)
2
2
i w i R i Xi
1
fi Xi Ni –
fi
( )
]}
8. RSE(R′) = 100
R′
where
i
= each age group where i = 1 for infant deaths, i = 2 for 1–4
years, i = 3 for 5–14 years, . . . and i = 11 for 85 years and
over.
Ri = age-specific rate for the i th age group.
wi = i th age-specific U.S. standard population such that
Σwi = 1.000000 (see ‘‘Computing rates and percentages’’).
Xi = the estimated number of deaths for the i th age group.
Ni = total count of deaths from Table I for each i th age group (for
infant deaths, use the count of records as shown; for all
age groups 1–4 through 85 years and over, use the count
of records as shown for deaths 1 year and over).
fi = percentage of file completeness/100 from Table I (for infant
deaths, use the percent completeness for the demographic
or medical file as appropriate for deaths under age 1 year;
for all age groups 1–4 through 85 years and over, use the
percent completeness for the demographic or medical file as
appropriate for deaths at ages 1 year and over).
For testing the equality of two rates, R1 and R2, the following
z test may be used to define a significance test statistic:
9. z =
R1 – R2
.
Œ
RSE(R1) 2
RSE(R2) 2
R 21
+ R22
100
100
RSE(R1)
As a hypothetical example, assume the death rate, R1, is 20.0,
which is based on 70 deaths from a file with 80 percent complete
ness. Then,
Lower limit: 20.0 – 1.96 c 20.0 c
!{ [
where
(
)
(
)
The two-tailed 0.95 critical value for a z statistic is 1.96. Therefore, if
?z? ≥ 1.96, the difference is significant at the 0.05 level. If ?z? < 1.96,
then the difference would be considered not statistically significant at
the 0.05 level.
As a hypothetical example, assume R1 is the same as the above
example for the current 12-month period and that R2, 15.0, is based
on 50 deaths occurring in the prior 12-month period (which implies that
the file is approximately 100 percent complete for R2). The z test may
be determined as:
z =
20.0 –15.0
Œ
2
(20.0)
2
= 1.46 .
14.1
+ (15.0) (
(13.4
100 )
100 )
2
2
Because ?z? < 1.96, there is no statistically significant difference
between the two rates at the 0.05 level of significance.
For rates or percentages based on denominators having random
variation only or random and sampling variation, the RSE must take
into account the variation in both the numerator and denominator. For
example, for a rate, R3, based on the number of live births in the
denominator, the RSE is computed as:
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 61, No. 6, October 10, 2012
Œ(
RSE(D) 2 RSE(B) 2
+
100
100 ,
10. RSE(R3) = 100
) (
)
Œ(
21.8 2 2.5 2
= 21.9
+
100
100
RSE(R3) = 100
where
(
The 95 percent confidence interval of R3 may be computed as:
(
(
11. Lower limit: R3 – 1.96 c R3 c
12. Upper limit: R3 + 1.96 c R3 c
) ( )
Lower limit: 15.0 – 1.96 c 15.0 c
RSE(D) = RSE of the number of deaths, D
RSE(B) = RSE of the number of births, B
)
)
RSE(R3)
100
RSE(R3)
100
.
As a hypothetical example, assume the infant mortality rate, R3,
is 15.0, which is based on 30 infant deaths (D) from a file with
70 percent completeness and 2,000 live births (B) from a file with
80 percent completeness. Then,
51
(
Upper limit: 15.0 + 1.96 c 15.0 c
)
21.9
= 8.6
100
)
21.9
= 21.4 .
100
This means that the chances are 95 times out of 100 that the
confidence interval (8.6–21.4) will cover the ‘‘true’’ rate. The same
formulas are applicable to a percentage (P1) that has variation in both
the numerator and denominator. To compare the equality of two infant
mortality rates or two percentages that have variation in the
numerator and denominator, the above-mentioned z test may be
used.
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National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 61, No. 6, October 10, 2012
Contents
Acknowledgments
Abstract. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Data Sources and Methods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Trends in numbers and rates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Causes of death . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Infant mortality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
List of Detailed Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Technical Notes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
This report was prepared in the Division of Vital Statistics (DVS) under the
direction of Charles J. Rothwell, Director, DVS and Robert N. Anderson,
Chief, Mortality Statistics Branch (MSB). Elizabeth Arias of MSB provided
content related to life expectancy. Staff of the Data Acquisition and Evaluation
Branch carried out quality evaluation and acceptance procedures for the state
data files on which this report is based. Staff of the Mortality Medical
Classification Branch processed the cause-of-death data for individual
records. Registration Methods staff provided consultation to state vital
statistics offices regarding collection of the death certificate data on which this
report is based. David P. Johnson and Jaleh Mousavi of the Systems,
Programming, and Statistical Resources Branch (SPSRB) prepared the
mortality file under the direction of Nicholas F. Pace, Chief, SPSRB.
Suggested citation
Copyright information
Hoyert DL, Xu JQ. Deaths: Preliminary data
for 2011. National vital statistics reports; vol 61
no 6. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for
Health Statistics. 2012.
All material appearing in this report is in the
public domain and may be reproduced or
copied without permission; citation as to
source, however, is appreciated.
National Center for Health Statistics
Edward J. Sondik, Ph.D., Director
Jennifer H. Madans, Ph.D., Associate Director
for Science
Division of Vital Statistics
Charles J. Rothwell, M.S., Director
For e-mail updates on NCHS publication releases, subscribe online at: http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/govdelivery.htm.
For questions or general information about NCHS: Tel: 1–800–232–4636 • E-mail: cdcinfo@cdc.gov • Internet: http://www.cdc.gov/nchs
DHHS Publication No. (PHS) 2013–1120 • CS235970
Source Exif Data:
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