Qeditux
User Manual: qeditux
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Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX
User Manual
by Robelle Solutions Technology Inc.
Program and manual copyright © 1977-2014 Robelle Solutions
Technology Inc.
Permission is granted to reprint this document (but not for profit),
provided that copyright notice is given.
Updated Monday, January 27, 2014
Qedit and Suprtool are trademarks of Robelle Solutions Technology
Inc. Windows is a trademark of Microsoft Corporation. Other product
and company names mentioned herein may be the trademarks of their
respective owners.
Robelle Solutions Technology Inc.
7360 – 137 Street, Suite 372
Surrey, B.C. Canada V3W 1A3
Phone: 604.501.2001
Fax: 604.501.2003
E-mail: sales@robelle.com
E-mail: support@robelle.com
Web: www.robelle.com
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Contents • i
Contents
Welcome to Qedit 1!
Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 1!
Documentation ............................................................................................................................ 2!
User Manual ................................................................................................................. 2!
Change Notice .............................................................................................................. 2!
Printed Documentation ................................................................................................. 2!
Customer Support ....................................................................................................................... 2!
Robelle Newsletter ...................................................................................................................... 2!
Additional Software .................................................................................................................... 2!
Qcat .............................................................................................................................. 3!
Qaccess ......................................................................................................................... 3!
Compare ....................................................................................................................... 3!
Notation ...................................................................................................................................... 3!
New to Qedit 5.8 ......................................................................................................................... 4!
Installing Qedit/UX 7!
General Installation Notes .......................................................................................................... 7!
Who Should Use These Instructions? .......................................................................... 7!
Summary of Installation Steps ..................................................................................... 7!
Step 1: Log On as Root ............................................................................................................... 7!
Step 2: Create Robelle Directory ................................................................................................ 8!
Step 3: Restore Files ................................................................................................................... 8!
Step 4: Set Up PATH (Optional) ................................................................................................ 8!
Step 5: Start the Qedit for Windows Server (optional) ............................................................... 8!
Getting a Quick Start with HP Full-Screen Editing 11!
Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 11!
Starting Visual Mode ................................................................................................................ 12!
Screen Layout ........................................................................................................................... 13!
Home Line .................................................................................................................. 13!
Status Line .................................................................................................................. 13!
Text Lines ................................................................................................................... 13!
Template Line ............................................................................................................ 13!
Special Indicator Columns ......................................................................................... 14!
Using Your Keyboard ............................................................................................................... 14!
Moving the Cursor ..................................................................................................... 14!
Editing the Text Lines ................................................................................................ 14!
Control Functions ....................................................................................................... 15!
Reflection for DOS Keyboards .................................................................................. 15!
Other PC Keyboards ................................................................................................... 16!
Function Keys ........................................................................................................................... 16!
Browsing Through Your File .................................................................................................... 17!
Cut-and-Paste ............................................................................................................................ 18!
Cutting Operations ..................................................................................................... 18!
ii • Contents Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
Pasting Operations ...................................................................................................... 19!
Resetting Cut-and-Paste ............................................................................................. 19!
Copying a Block of Text ............................................................................................ 19!
Cut-and-Paste Between Files ..................................................................................... 20!
Dividing and Gluing Operations ................................................................................ 20!
Dividing Lines in Visual Mode .................................................................................. 20!
Gluing Lines in Visual Mode ..................................................................................... 21!
Excluding Lines From Visual Mode Display ............................................................. 21!
Justifying Lines in Visual Mode ................................................................................ 21!
Renumbering Lines .................................................................................................... 22!
Inserting Blank Lines ................................................................................................. 22!
Hold Files ................................................................................................................... 22!
Marking Changes Without Using Line Numbers ....................................................... 22!
Paste from a Non-Qedit File ....................................................................................... 22!
Home Line Commands ............................................................................................................. 23!
Finding Strings ........................................................................................................... 23!
Changing Strings ........................................................................................................ 24!
Help on Visual Mode ................................................................................................. 24!
Formatting Paragraphs ............................................................................................... 24!
Undoing Changes in Visual Mode ............................................................................. 24!
Refreshing the Screen ................................................................................................. 25!
Other Line Mode Commands ..................................................................................... 25!
Truncated Home Line ................................................................................................. 25!
Exit from Visual ......................................................................................................... 25!
Getting a Quick Start with VT Full-Screen Editing 27!
Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 27!
Home and End keys .................................................................................................... 27!
Starting Screen Mode ............................................................................................................... 27!
Troubleshooting ......................................................................................................... 28!
Screen Layout ........................................................................................................................... 28!
Status Line .................................................................................................................. 29!
Text Lines ................................................................................................................... 29!
Message Line .............................................................................................................. 29!
Using Your Keyboard ............................................................................................................... 30!
Moving the Cursor ..................................................................................................... 30!
Editing the Text Lines ................................................................................................ 31!
Control Functions ....................................................................................................... 31!
Browsing Through Your File .................................................................................................... 31!
Cut-and-Paste ............................................................................................................................ 32!
Resetting Cut-and-Paste ............................................................................................. 33!
Copying a Block of Text ............................................................................................ 33!
Splitting and Joining Lines ....................................................................................................... 33!
Getting a Quick Start with Line Mode Editing 35!
Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 35!
Adding Lines to a File .............................................................................................................. 35!
Looking at the File .................................................................................................................... 36!
Browsing the File ...................................................................................................................... 37!
Searching the File ..................................................................................................................... 37!
Editing Lines ............................................................................................................................. 38!
Global Changes ......................................................................................................................... 39!
Copying Lines ........................................................................................................................... 40!
Moving Lines ............................................................................................................................ 40!
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Contents • iii
Deleting Lines ........................................................................................................................... 41!
Help Command ......................................................................................................................... 42!
Saving the File .......................................................................................................................... 42!
Open and Shut for Instant Access ............................................................................................. 42!
Running Qedit under HP-UX 45!
Running Qedit ........................................................................................................................... 45!
Visual Mode for HP Terminals ................................................................................................. 45!
Screen Mode for VT Terminals ................................................................................................ 46!
Edit Several Files at Once ......................................................................................................... 46!
How to Edit Several Files? ......................................................................................... 46!
Starting a New Scratch File ........................................................................................ 46!
Configuring Different Shells .................................................................................................... 47!
Bourne and Korn Shells ............................................................................................. 47!
C Shell ........................................................................................................................ 47!
Setting Up a PATH for Qedit ................................................................................................... 47!
Bourne and Korn Shells ............................................................................................. 48!
C Shell ........................................................................................................................ 48!
Control Characters and stty ...................................................................................................... 48!
Qeditmgr Configuration Files ................................................................................................... 48!
Default Set Commands ............................................................................................... 49!
On-Line vs. Batch Access ......................................................................................................... 49!
Command Line Options ............................................................................................................ 49!
Initial Command Line: -ccmdstring .......................................................................... 49!
Editing a Single File: -s ............................................................................................. 50!
Exit with Verify: -v ................................................................................................... 50!
"Discard Changes?" on Exit ....................................................................................... 50!
HP-UX Notes ............................................................................................................................ 50!
EDITOR Variable ...................................................................................................... 50!
Scratch File ................................................................................................................. 51!
Hold Files ................................................................................................................... 51!
Shell Commands ........................................................................................................ 51!
Shell Command History ............................................................................................. 52!
Tab Stops .................................................................................................................... 53!
Hardcoded File Names ............................................................................................................. 53!
/opt/robelle/qeditmgr .................................................................................................. 53!
$HOME/.qeditmgr ...................................................................................................... 53!
/opt/robelle/help/qedit ................................................................................................ 53!
Visual Mode .............................................................................................................................. 53!
Variables that Drive Qedit ........................................................................................................ 54!
Setting Variables in Your Shell .................................................................................. 54!
RCRTMODEL Variable ............................................................................................ 55!
RPCVERSION Variable ............................................................................................ 57!
RCRTWIDTH Variable ............................................................................................. 57!
Function Key Labels .................................................................................................. 57!
RCRTSTRAPSGH for Handshaking ......................................................................... 58!
QEDITMGRTRACE Variable ................................................................................... 58!
QEDCURWFILE Variable ........................................................................................ 58!
QEDSTOREDPWD and QEDPROMPTEDPWD Variables ..................................... 58!
ROBELLE Environment Variable ............................................................................. 59!
Converting Qedit Files with qcat .............................................................................................. 59!
Differences Between MPE and HP-UX ................................................................................... 59!
Open/Shut ................................................................................................................... 60!
Current "*" File Name ................................................................................................ 60!
Missing Features ........................................................................................................ 60!
iv • Contents Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
Qedit for Microsoft Windows 61!
Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 61!
Server Process ........................................................................................................................... 61!
HP-UX 10.0 ................................................................................................................ 61!
Port Number ............................................................................................................... 62!
Log Files ................................................................................................................................... 63!
Console Messages ...................................................................................................... 63!
Access Log ................................................................................................................. 63!
Error Log .................................................................................................................... 63!
Trace Log ................................................................................................................... 63!
Log File Names .......................................................................................................... 63!
Qedit Issues and Solutions 65!
Running Qedit with Reflection ................................................................................................. 65!
Alt-Y vs. :Reflect ....................................................................................................... 65!
Form Feed Causing Return/Line Feed ....................................................................... 65!
Completion Codes ...................................................................................................... 66!
Controlling the PC ...................................................................................................... 66!
Accidental Exit from Reflection ................................................................................ 66!
Changing the Exit Keystroke ..................................................................................... 67!
Files without NewLine Characters ........................................................................................... 67!
Lines, Strings and Ranges ......................................................................................................... 68!
Qedit Commands 71!
Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 71!
General Notes ........................................................................................................................... 71!
Abbreviations ............................................................................................................. 71!
Uppercase or Lowercase ............................................................................................ 71!
Multiple Commands per Line .................................................................................... 72!
Comments on Command Lines .................................................................................. 72!
Stopping Commands with Control-Y ......................................................................... 72!
Implicit Commands .................................................................................................... 72!
Function Keys ............................................................................................................ 73!
Shell Commands ........................................................................................................ 73!
Calculator Commands ................................................................................................ 73!
Add Command [A] ................................................................................................................... 74!
Add (Adding New Lines) ........................................................................................... 74!
Add (Adding a String as a Line) ................................................................................ 76!
Add (Copying Lines within a File) ............................................................................ 76!
Add (Moving Lines within a File) .............................................................................. 77!
Add (Copying Lines Between Files) .......................................................................... 77!
Append Command [AP] ........................................................................................................... 79!
Backward Command [BA/F5] .................................................................................................. 80!
Before Command [B] ............................................................................................................... 81!
CD Command [CD] .................................................................................................................. 83!
Change Command [C] .............................................................................................................. 84!
Change (Changing Strings) ........................................................................................ 84!
Change (Changing Columns) ..................................................................................... 87!
Close Command [CL] ............................................................................................................... 88!
Colcopy Command [COL] ...................................................................................................... 89!
Colmove Command [COLM] .................................................................................................. 92!
Delete Command [D] ................................................................................................................ 95!
Destroy Command [DES] ......................................................................................................... 97!
Divide Command [DI] .............................................................................................................. 98!
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Contents • v
:Do Command [DO] ................................................................................................................. 99!
Exit Command [E/F8] ............................................................................................................. 100!
Find Command [F/F4] ............................................................................................................ 101!
Findup Command [FINDU/F3] .............................................................................................. 102!
Form Command [FORM] ...................................................................................................... 103!
Forward Command [FO/F6] ................................................................................................... 104!
Garbage Command [GAR] ..................................................................................................... 105!
Glue Command [G] ................................................................................................................ 106!
Help Command [H/?] ............................................................................................................. 107!
Hold Command [HO] ............................................................................................................. 108!
Justify Command [J] ............................................................................................................... 109!
Keep Command [K] ................................................................................................................ 115!
List Command [L] .................................................................................................................. 118!
:Listredo Command [LISTREDO/F7] .................................................................................... 128!
:Listundo Command [LISTU] ................................................................................................ 129!
LS Command [LS] .................................................................................................................. 130!
Lsort Command [LSO] ........................................................................................................... 131!
Merge Command [ME] ........................................................................................................... 132!
Modify Command [M] ........................................................................................................... 134!
New Command [N] ................................................................................................................. 144!
Open Command [O] ............................................................................................................... 145!
Proc Command [P] ................................................................................................................. 149!
Q Command [Q] ..................................................................................................................... 150!
:Redo Command [REDO] ....................................................................................................... 151!
:Reflect Command [REFLECT] ............................................................................................. 152!
Renumber Command [REN] .................................................................................................. 154!
Replace Command [R] ........................................................................................................... 155!
Set Command [S] .................................................................................................................... 156!
Account .................................................................................................................... 158!
Alias ......................................................................................................................... 158!
Autocont ................................................................................................................... 160!
Check ........................................................................................................................ 160!
Decimal .................................................................................................................... 160!
DL size ..................................................................................................................... 161!
Editinput ................................................................................................................... 161!
Expandtabs ............................................................................................................... 162!
Extentsize ................................................................................................................. 162!
Extprog ..................................................................................................................... 162!
Filename ................................................................................................................... 162!
FORTRAN ............................................................................................................... 162!
Halfbright ................................................................................................................. 163!
Hints ......................................................................................................................... 163!
Hppath ...................................................................................................................... 163!
Increment .................................................................................................................. 163!
Interactive ................................................................................................................. 163!
Justify ....................................................................................................................... 164!
Keep ......................................................................................................................... 164!
Language .................................................................................................................. 167!
Left ........................................................................................................................... 169!
Length ....................................................................................................................... 169!
Lib ............................................................................................................................ 169!
Limits ....................................................................................................................... 169!
List ............................................................................................................................ 170!
Maxdata .................................................................................................................... 170!
Modify ...................................................................................................................... 171!
Open ......................................................................................................................... 172!
vi • Contents Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
Pattern ....................................................................................................................... 173!
Priority ...................................................................................................................... 173!
Prompt ...................................................................................................................... 173!
Redo ......................................................................................................................... 174!
Right ......................................................................................................................... 175!
RL file name ............................................................................................................. 175!
Shift .......................................................................................................................... 175!
Spell .......................................................................................................................... 175!
Statistics ................................................................................................................... 176!
Stringdelimiters ........................................................................................................ 176!
Tabs .......................................................................................................................... 176!
Term ......................................................................................................................... 177!
Text ........................................................................................................................... 178!
Totals ........................................................................................................................ 179!
UDC ......................................................................................................................... 180!
Undo ......................................................................................................................... 180!
Varsub ...................................................................................................................... 180!
Visual ....................................................................................................................... 181!
Warnings .................................................................................................................. 191!
Whichcomp .............................................................................................................. 191!
Window .................................................................................................................... 192!
Work ......................................................................................................................... 192!
Wraparound .............................................................................................................. 194!
X ............................................................................................................................... 194!
Zip ............................................................................................................................ 197!
Shut Command [SH] ............................................................................................................... 199!
Spell Command [SP] .............................................................................................................. 200!
Text Command [T] ................................................................................................................. 201!
Undo Command [UN] ............................................................................................................ 206!
Up Command [UP/F2] ............................................................................................................ 208!
Use Command [U] .................................................................................................................. 209!
Verify Command [V] .............................................................................................................. 210!
Visual Command [VI/F1] ....................................................................................................... 211!
Words Command [W] ............................................................................................................. 213!
Zave Command [Z] ................................................................................................................. 214!
ZZ Command .......................................................................................................................... 215!
Calculator Command [=] ........................................................................................................ 216!
Troubleshooting and Error Messages 219!
Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 219!
Messages ................................................................................................................................. 219!
Quit Errors .............................................................................................................................. 221!
Errors in Visual ....................................................................................................................... 221!
Using Visual with X.25 ............................................................................................ 221!
Using Visual on HP-UX ........................................................................................... 221!
Terminals Supported by Visual ................................................................................ 221!
Problems with 700/9x Terminals ............................................................................. 221!
Visual Error Messages ............................................................................................. 222!
File Formats 225!
Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 225!
Qedit Workfiles ...................................................................................................................... 225!
Original Format Workfiles ..................................................................................................... 225!
Jumbo Workfiles ..................................................................................................................... 226!
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Contents • vii
External Files .......................................................................................................................... 227!
Regular Expressions 231!
Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 231!
Metacharacters ........................................................................................................................ 231!
Character Class ....................................................................................................................... 233!
Escape Character .................................................................................................................... 235!
Escaped Sequences in Regular Expressions ........................................................................... 235!
Backreferences in Regular Expressions .................................................................................. 236!
Escaped Characters in Replacement String ............................................................................ 237!
Qedit Glossary 239!
Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 239!
Terms ...................................................................................................................................... 239!
Abbreviating ............................................................................................................. 239!
Batch ......................................................................................................................... 239!
Calculator ................................................................................................................. 240!
Column ..................................................................................................................... 240!
Command ................................................................................................................. 240!
Control Character ..................................................................................................... 241!
CRT .......................................................................................................................... 241!
Current Line ............................................................................................................. 241!
Defaults .................................................................................................................... 241!
External File ............................................................................................................. 242!
File Names ................................................................................................................ 242!
Full-Screen Editing .................................................................................................. 243!
Hold File ................................................................................................................... 243!
J Option .................................................................................................................... 243!
Jumbo Files .............................................................................................................. 243!
Keep File .................................................................................................................. 243!
Language .................................................................................................................. 243!
Left ........................................................................................................................... 244!
Length ....................................................................................................................... 244!
Line ........................................................................................................................... 244!
Linenum ................................................................................................................... 244!
Margins ..................................................................................................................... 245!
Memory Lock ........................................................................................................... 245!
Patterns ..................................................................................................................... 245!
Quiet-Q Option ......................................................................................................... 246!
Range ........................................................................................................................ 246!
Rangelist ................................................................................................................... 246!
Relative Line Numbers ............................................................................................. 248!
Right ......................................................................................................................... 248!
Shifting ..................................................................................................................... 248!
String ........................................................................................................................ 248!
Tab ............................................................................................................................ 249!
Template-T Option ................................................................................................... 249!
Visual Editing ........................................................................................................... 249!
Window .................................................................................................................... 249!
Workfile ................................................................................................................... 250!
Special Characters .................................................................................................................. 250!
? Means Help, Nonprinting Characters, Alphanumeric (in Patterns) or Optional (in
Regexp) .................................................................................................................... 251!
$ Means Hex, Memory Lock, List Option, Previous File or End-Of-Line (in Regexp)251!
viii • Contents Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
^ Means Findup, Control-Char, Start-of-line (in Regexp) or Negate (in Regexp) .. 251!
. Means Nonprinting, Reset, Decimal Point or Any Character (in Regexp) ............ 252!
! Means Shell Script or Too Long ............................................................................ 252!
% Means Octal or String .......................................................................................... 252!
* Means Current, Refresh, Multiply or Quantifier (in Regexp) ............................... 252!
\ Means Previous, String, Literal Match (in Regexp) or Special Characters (in
Regexp) .................................................................................................................... 253!
/ Means Prompt, Range Delimiter, Stop, Exit, or Divide ......................................... 254!
[ Means FIRST, [default] or Start Class (in Regexp) ............................................... 254!
] Means LAST or End Class (in Regexp) ................................................................ 254!
{ } Are for Comments or Indentation ....................................................................... 255!
@ Means ALL .......................................................................................................... 255!
& Means Literal Match ............................................................................................ 255!
: Means Shell Commands or String .......................................................................... 255!
; Means Multiple Commands ................................................................................... 255!
, Means a List ........................................................................................................... 256!
= Means Copy or Calculate ...................................................................................... 256!
< Means Move, I/O Redirection or Backward Page ................................................ 256!
> Means Forward Page, I/O Redirection, Modify or Qhelp ..................................... 256!
" Means String .......................................................................................................... 257!
( Means Start Parameter, Command or Subpattern (in Regexp) .............................. 257!
) Means End Parameter, Command or Subpattern (in Regexp) ............................... 257!
+ Means Ahead Some Lines, Add or Quantifier (in Regexp) .................................. 257!
- Means Back Some Lines, Minus or Range (in Regexp) ........................................ 258!
# Means Numeric Pattern ......................................................................................... 258!
~ Means Spaces (Pattern), Recent Page or Field ...................................................... 258!
How to Contact Robelle 259!
Support .................................................................................................................................... 259!
Index 262!
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Welcome to Qedit • 1
Welcome to Qedit
Introduction
Welcome to Qedit, the fast, full-screen text editor for MPE and HP-UX. To get into
Qedit/UX, enter this command:
/opt/robelle/bin/qedit
Qedit version 5.9 has screen-editing, function keys and commands:
Commands:
Add
FINDUp
Open
ZZ
Add(=copy)
FORM
Proc
%ext
Add(<move)
FORward
Q
shell
Add(=file)
GARbage
REDO
Append
Glue
RENum
Backward
Help
Replace
Before
HOld
Set
Change
Justify
SHut
COLcopy
Keep
SPell
COLMove
List
Text
Delete
LISTREDO
UNDo
COmp
DEStroy
LISTUndo
Use
RUN
Divide
LSort
Verify
mpe
DO
MErge
VIsual
Udc
Exit
Modify
Words
Cmdfile
Find
New
Zave
=calc
Function Keys:
F1 Upd Next/Visual
F2 Roll Up
F3 Findup
F4 Find
F5 Backward
F6 Forward
F7 Do ===>
/LISTREDO
F8 Exit
2 • Welcome to Qedit Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
Documentation
Qedit comes with a User Manual and a Change Notice. You may have received
printed copies of these. If you wish to have printed copies, you can order them by
filling out the form on our web site.
See:
http://www.robelle.com/library/manuals/
User Manual
The user manual contains the full description of all the Qedit commands, as well as
usage tips. The manual is up-to-date with all the latest changes incorporated in Qedit.
To see only the changes in the latest version, see "New to Qedit 5." on page 4 or see
the change notice.
Change Notice
For a complete description of the latest changes made to Qedit, the installation
instructions, and any compatibility issues, see the change notice that was included
with the release or you can view online at:
http://www.robelle.com/library/manuals/
Printed Documentation
The latest user manual and change notice are available in Adobe PDF format. If you
do not already have the Adobe Acrobat reader, you can get a copy from
http://www.adobe.com/prodindex/acrobat/readstep.html. If you wish to have printed
copies, you can order them by filling out the form on our web site.
Customer Support
When you purchase Qedit, customer support is included for the first year. After the
first year, there is a yearly Maintenance fee. If you are a Right-to-Copy user at a
branch of a larger company, you have two options. If you pay only the one-time
Extra CPU surcharge, then you must obtain your support from your own corporate
resources. If you wish to have support at your own location, you may obtain this by
also paying the regular Maintenance fee. With this yearly support for Qedit, you are
entitled to call with questions. Service also supplies you with a yearly update to
Qedit.
Robelle Newsletter
Do you receive a copy of What's Up, DOCumentation?, our regular news memo
about Robelle, MPE, and HP-UX? We distribute our news memos only to sites with
current service. Your copy may be going to your corporate headquarters.
The lastest newsletter is also available from our Web site at
http://www.robelle.com/newsletter/.
Additional Software
Qedit comes with additional software:
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Welcome to Qedit • 3
• qcat for converting Qedit files,
• qaccess archive library for reading Qedit files, and
• Compare/UX for comparing two text files.
Qcat
Qcat is a filter program similar to cat and zcat. Qcat reads a set of Qedit files and
prints the lines on standard output. Type man qcat for more information.
qcat QeditFile > TextFile
Qaccess
Qaccess is an archive library for reading Qedit files. It has two parts:
• a header file qaccess.h in /opt/robelle/include,
• and an archive library qaccess.a in /opt/robelle/lib.
Type man qaccess for more information.
Compare
Compare/UX compares two text files (Keep or Qedit format) and prints out the
differences. The basic comparison unit is a line. Compare/UX identifies three types
of differences:
• lines that are in the first file but not in the second;
• lines that are in the second file but not in the first;
• and lines that are in both files, but don't match.
Type man compare for more information.
Notation
This manual uses a standard notation to describe commands. Here is a sample
definition:
VERIFY [ @ | ALL ]
[ keyword ...]
1. UPPERCASE - If the commands and keywords are shown in uppercase
characters in a syntax statement, they must be entered in the order
shown (example: ALL). However, you can enter the characters in either
uppercase or lowercase.
2. Lowercase, highlighted - These are "variables" to be filled in by the
user (example: keyword). The variables may be highlighted by
underlining or italics. Each such "variable" is defined elsewhere (see
the "Qedit Glossary" on page 239 when you have trouble). In the Help
command, highlighting is not available, so these variables appear
simply in lowercase.
3. Brackets - enclose optional fields (example: [ALL]).
4. Braces - enclose comments which are not part of the command.
However, braces and comments are accepted in actual Qedit
4 • Welcome to Qedit Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
commands.
/listq filename {Q means without line numbers}
5. Up lines - separate alternatives from which you select (example: SET
CHECK [ON|OFF]). The choices are sometimes listed on several lines
without "up lines".
6. Dot-dot-dot (...) - indicates that the variable may be repeated many
times in the command.
7. Other special characters - literal symbols that must appear in the
command as they appear in the manual (for example, "=" in Add
linenum = rangelist).
In examples, there is an implied Return key at the end of each line.
In examples in our documentation, we generally show Qedit commands preceded by
the Qedit "/" prompt. However, in Qedit/UX the default prompt is actually "qux/".
Note that you can change the prompt string with Set Prompt.
Control characters, generated by holding down Control while striking another key,
are either spelled out (e.g., Control-H) or abbreviated with a circumflex prefix (e.g.,
^H).
When Qedit asks you a question, the default answer is shown in [brackets]. The
default is the answer that Qedit will assume if you press only the Return key.
New to Qedit 5.9
Here are a few highlights of the new features in Qedit. For a complete list of
changes, plus details on how to take advantage of all the new features, see the change
notice that accompanied your tape. See the "Documentation" section on page 2 for
instructions on how to print the change notice. All changes discussed in the change
notice have been incorporated into the user manual and help file, but the change
notice gives you everything new in one convenient document.
This section describes the latest enhancements to host-based Qedit and the server
portion of Qedit for Windows. For information about enhancements to the client
portion of Qedit for Windows, see the Qedit for Windows User Manual.
Qedit 5.9
• Qedit now recognizes files with the extension of .COB and .cob as
Cobol files on HP-UX.
• Qedit now support long user names on HP-UX 11.31, implemented
by lugadmin.
• Qedit now supports the HP-UX Long Password feature on HP-UX
11.31. Error messages have been improved for login issues.
• Qedit would return a status code of 123 upon exit even
if an error had not occurred.
Qedit 5.8
• Visual Mode updates would fail with Bad format error if the length
of the file was less than 52.
• Qedit did not recognize .cpy files as being Cobol.
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Welcome to Qedit • 5
• Regular Expressions. Qedit would improperly report the error
"String longer than maximum allowed" if the expression specified
is longer than the window of the rangelist.
• Shadow Passwords. Qedit for HP-UX did not support Shadow
Passwords properly for all versions of HP-UX.
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Installing Qedit/UX • 7
Installing Qedit/UX
General Installation Notes
Here we describe how to install and configure Qedit. The following are general notes
about installing Qedit.
Who Should Use These Instructions?
The system manager should use the following installation instructions to install
Qedit/UX. No one can be using Qedit/UX during the installation. The installation
should only take a few minutes.
Summary of Installation Steps
To install Qedit/UX, follow these steps:
1. You must log on as root.
2. You must create the correct directory structure.
3. Qedit/UX and its associated files must be restored from the distribution
tape.
4. You can set up a PATH for Qedit/UX or copy it to an existing directory
in your PATH. (optional step)
5. If you have the Qedit for Windows server, you need to start the daemon
process. (optional step)
Step 1: Log On as Root
There are two ways to log on as root:
1. Exit from HP-UX and log on with root as the user name.
2. If you are already logged on, you can execute this command:
su -
In either case, you have to supply the user password for root.
8 • Installing Qedit/UX Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
Step 2: Create Robelle Directory
Qedit/UX is installed in /opt/robelle. Before restoring the Qedit/UX files you must
first create the /robelle directory.
mkdir /opt/robelle
Step 3: Restore Files
Use the following command to restore the Qedit/UX files from the distribution tape:
tar xv /opt/robelle
This command assumes your tape device is /dev/rmt/0m. If it is not, you need to
specify your tape device by using the "f" option in the tar command. For example, if
your tape device is /dev/rmt/1m, you need to use the following command to restore
the files:
tar xvf /dev/rmt/1m /opt/robelle
Once the files have been restored, you can run the new version of Qedit/UX:
/opt/robelle/bin/qedit
Step 4: Set Up PATH (Optional)
You invoke Qedit with this command:
/opt/robelle/bin/qedit
If you just type
qedit
to invoke Qedit/UX, you must either add /opt/robelle/bin to your PATH or copy
/opt/robelle/bin/qedit to a directory that is currently on your PATH. Similarly, the
man pages for Qedit are found in /opt/robelle/man/man1/qedit.1. To make the man
pages available to everyone, you can either add /opt/robelle/man to your MANPATH
or you can copy the man pages to a directory that is currently on your MANPATH.
Details of how to set up either PATH or MANPATH on a system-wide or user basis
can be found in the chapter "Running Qedit under HP-UX."
Step 5: Start the Qedit for Windows Server (optional)
If you have the Qedit for Windows server software, you must start the Qedit/UX
daemon process before any Qedit clients can connect to your HP-UX machine. To
allow users to connect to the Qedit/UX daemon process, you must log on as root and
issue this command:
qedit -d
The Qedit server process requires three log files. By default, these files are located in
the following directory:
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Installing Qedit/UX • 9
/opt/robelle/log/qedit/
If you have moved Qedit to a different directory, Qedit tries to identify its current
location and adjust the location of the log files. If it is not able to correctly identify
its location, it will default back to /opt/robelle.
If you wish to explicitly identify the logfiles location, you can perform the following
steps:
1. Set the ROBELLE environment variable with the new directory name
before you start the Qedit server process.
2. Make sure the new directory has exactly the same structure as the
/opt/robelle directory.
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Getting a Quick Start with HP Full-Screen Editing • 11
Getting a Quick Start with HP
Full-Screen Editing
Introduction
Qedit aims to provide everything an MPE or HP-UX programmer could need to
write COBOL, PowerHouse, or other programs, and to prepare documentation.
Therefore, Qedit has Line mode for batch editing and full-screen mode for
interactive editing. On HP terminals, Qedit's full-screen mode is called Visual mode.
On VT terminals, Qedit’s full-screen mode is called Screen mode. See “Getting a
Quick Start with VT Full-Screen Editing” on page 27.
This feature does not work on
the hpterm terminal emulator
at the moment.
As of HP-UX 11.0, HP has dropped support for block-mode terminals. For this
reason, full-screen editing as implemented on HP3000 computers only works on HP-
UX versions earlier than 11.0. On HP-UX 11.0 or later, full-screen editing is
available in Screen mode (Set Visual Screen On) on VT-type terminals or in Visual
Blockemulation emulation (Set Visual Blockemulation On) on HP-type terminals.
As its name implies, Blockemulation emulates block-mode operations by reading
each line one by one instead of reading the whole screen in a single operation.
Depending on the type of connection, this process might take a few seconds as the
cursor moves down the screen.
Qedit's Visual mode is a powerful but friendly full-screen editor designed
specifically for programmers. It gives you full access to the editing capabilities of
your terminal in block-mode, with low system overhead. You can move, copy, mark
and delete blocks of text with Visual's cut-and-paste functions, and page backward
and forward through your file with function keys. To use Visual mode, you must
have an HP terminal or an HP terminal emulator (e.g., Reflection from WRQ).
In Visual mode, you have access to all Line mode commands (including UDCs,
command files, compiling, linking and running programs, shell scripts, and string
searching and changing). Qedit's search and replace functions aim to be simple, fast
and powerful (e.g., ignore embedded words, etc.). The Undo command allows you to
cancel any previous edits to your file, working back to the state at which you started.
Using the optional Open and Shut feature, you can switch between files instantly.
Visual mode is a good introduction to the HP operating systems for users who don't
work on HP computers all day. Those who may particularly benefit are novice users,
or users who run Qedit only to update a report skeleton once a week. These
occasional users no longer have to memorize editing commands. Visual mode
provides a familiar environment where novices can make changes to the entire
screen, just as they do on PC editors. You can even configure some electronic mail
12 • Getting a Quick Start with HP Full-Screen Editing Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
packages (HPDesk, elm), to put your users directly into Visual mode when they edit
a message.
Starting Visual Mode
After you have invoked Qedit, and Texted or Opened a file, you switch from Line
mode to Visual mode by typing VI or pressing F1. If you don't have a file open,
Qedit opens a scratch file and, if empty, fills it with a screenful of blank lines.
VI [ linenum | "string" ] or press F1
(Default: linenum = *)
Whereas in Line mode you type in command and text lines ending each with a
Return, in Visual you edit a full screen of text in block-mode using the terminal
keyboard. Since your terminal is off-line from the computer, you can use its cursor
and editing keys. You edit by moving the cursor around the screen, inserting and
deleting lines and characters. Press Enter to save your changes. To move through the
file, you have the convenience of eight function keys, such as F6 Forward One Page.
Visual mode in Reflection for Windows, showing cut-and-paste indicators
You copy, move, hold, and delete blocks of text easily by placing "cut-and-paste"
indicators at the start of the line. You may type Line mode commands at the home
line ===> and execute them via the Enter or the F7 key. Combining the cut-and-
paste functions with the Open and Shut commands, you can also copy and move text
quickly between different Qedit files. Use the ZZ cut-and-paste indicator with any
command to mark text easily.
The Set Visual command controls how Visual mode operates and allows great
latitude in configuring Visual to your own liking. For example, you can choose to
have automatic update; decide where the current line or cursor appears; and select
how many lines will carry over when you page up or down.
When you are done, exit Visual mode using F8, then Keep or Shut your file. Press F8
again to leave Qedit.
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Getting a Quick Start with HP Full-Screen Editing • 13
Screen Layout
===>
Okay 1691.75 WFILE.DOC.TACCT "verify"(u) Move Ready
* procedure abc;
+1 begin
+2 integer def;
// ....+....10...+....20...+...
The screen starts with the home Line, followed by the status Line, several text
Lines, and ends with the template Line. Columns 3 and 4 of text lines sometimes
contain special characters and are called the indicator columns.
Home Line
You type commands, search for strings and for line numbers after the ===> on the
home line.
===>
These are executed when the F7 or Enter key is pressed.
The home line is also used by Qedit to print error messages. You must clear the error
message by pressing the F7 or Enter key before you can type another command in
the home line.
Status Line
The second line shows the status, the current line number (i.e., that of the * line), the
name of the file you are editing, the current string with its window, and any pending
cut-and-paste task.
Okay 1691.75 WFILE.DOC.TACCT "verify"(u) Move Ready
If you have Texted a file into Qeditscr, the status line shows the name of the Text
file, which is also your default Keep file.
Text Lines
By default you see the * (current) line and 19 lines after it. Each line is prefixed by
the relative line number, and two columns for special indicators.
* procedure abc;
+1 begin
+2 integer def;
Use Set Vis Above and Set Vis Below to adjust the number of lines shown above
and below the current line.
Template Line
The last line has // and a column template. The // signals end-of-screen to Qedit and
must not be erased.
// ....+....10...+....20...+...
Visual uses more than 76 columns for text on Reflection, Qcterm, a 2393/97, 2626,
or 700/9x terminals.
14 • Getting a Quick Start with HP Full-Screen Editing Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
Special Indicator Columns
Qedit leaves columns 3 and 4 of the text lines for you to enter cut-and-paste
operators (i.e., MM, CC, HH, etc.). Also, Qedit may print one of two special
indicators in these columns:
!
line extends beyond the visible right margin
?
line contains control characters, shown as dots
An ! means the line extends beyond the right terminal margin. To shift the screen
image left, type Set Left 55 at the Visual home line and press F7.
A ? means the line contains nonprinting characters such as Nulls, Escapes, Bells,
Tabs or possibly Roman-8 extended characters. Qedit replaces these characters with
dots (.) in Visual mode, and does not allow you to make changes. These ? lines are
not updated when you press Enter.
To edit Bells, Escape sequences, Tabs, ShiftOuts and ShiftIns in Visual, use Set Vis
Bell, Set Vis Esc, Set Vis Tab, Set Vis SO and Set Vis SI. All these specify
substitute characters to be shown instead of dots. To edit other control codes, use
Modify or Change from the ===> line. If you turn Set Editinput Extend Off, Qedit
regards Roman-8 characters as nonprinting noise and show them as dots.
Using Your Keyboard
In Visual mode, the keyboard gives you the power to move around the screen, edit
text, and control the flow of Qedit.
Moving the Cursor
You move around the screen using the cursor keys and others:
Cursor Left
Move one space to left
Backspace
Move one space to left
Cursor Right
Move one space to right
Cursor Up
Move one space up
Cursor Down
Move one space down
Return
Down to next line, back to column 5
Home Up
Move to ===> line
Shift-Home
Move to bottom of screen
Tab
Move to next right Set TAB column
Shift-Tab
Move to next left Set TAB column
Prev Page
Only moves around terminal memory
Next Page
Only moves around terminal memory
Editing the Text Lines
You revise the screen image using these keys:
Space bar
Move cursor right and erase character
any char
Overwrite cursor and move it right
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Getting a Quick Start with HP Full-Screen Editing • 15
Del Char
Remove character at current cursor
Ins Char
Enable "insert"; use again to disable
Ins Line
Insert blank line above current line
Del Line
Delete line at current cursor
Clear Line
Erase to the end of the line
Clear Display
Avoid! Recovery: Home Up,*,F7
To save the changes you have made on the screen,
Enter
Send screen image to Qedit, update file
Control Functions
To return from Visual mode to Line mode:
F8
exit from Visual
Some other keys:
Select
Useless in Qedit
Stop
Do not use in Visual
Break
Disabled in Visual
Reset
Use if screen locks up, press Enter
Esc
First key of Escape sequences
Del
Does not delete anything!
Reflection for DOS Keyboards
If you are using a PC with Reflection for DOS, you need to map the PC keys into the
HP keys.
Note that the PC keyboard has two keys labeled Enter, which are used differently in
Qedit. The Enter key above the Right Shift key is called the Return key in this
manual, and is used to execute commands in Line mode. In Visual mode, this key
moves the cursor down by one line. The other Enter key (on the numeric keypad) is
called the Enter key, and is used to update the screen in Visual mode.
Here are the default Reflection keystrokes for common functions:
Terminal Keyboard
Reflection Key Sequence
Enter
Enter on the numeric keypad. If that doesn't work,
try the "+" on the numeric keypad, or try Shift-F10
Home Up
Control-Home
Shift-Home
Control-End
Ins Line
Alt-I
16 • Getting a Quick Start with HP Full-Screen Editing Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
Del Line
Alt-D
Clear Line
Alt-K
Clear Display
Alt-J (avoid in Visual!)
User keys
F9
System keys
F10 (then F7 for help)
Additional Functions
Reflection Key Sequence
Begin Line (Column 1)
Home
End Line
End
Help about Reflection
Alt-H
Exit
Alt-X
Other PC Keyboards
AdvanceLink is similar (Alt-H is help, Alt-I is Insert Line, Alt-D is Delete Line), but
Clear Line is Alt-L, and Enter is Alt-F3. Other terminal emulators have their own
keystrokes for common functions. See your emulator's manual for details.
Function Keys
Much of the convenience of Visual mode is due to the power built into the eight user
function keys: F1 through F8.
F1
Update and go to next page
F2
Roll Up Screen n lines, as per Set Vis Roll
F3
Findup (search back for current string)
F4
Find (search ahead for current string)
F5
Backward One Page
F6
Forward One Page
F7
Execute command typed in ===> line
F8
Exit from Visual back to Line mode
F1: Update and Go to Next Page
Qedit reads the current page and updates the file, then displays the next page. The F1
key combines the Enter key and F6 (Forward) in a single key. However, F1 does not
execute any command typed in the home line as the Enter key would.
F2: Roll Up Screen
Qedit clears the screen and displays a new one that is rolled up n lines (default: 6),
where n is controlled by Set Vis Roll.
F3: Findup - Previous String
Qedit searches backward in the file, starting from the * line, until it finds a line that
contains the current string. Qedit clears the screen and displays a new page, with *
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Getting a Quick Start with HP Full-Screen Editing • 17
positioned at the line that contains the found string. Visual also displays the target
string on the Status line.
Before you can use F3, you must establish the string for which to search. Type the
string in quotes prefixed by a circumflex (^"string") at the ===> on the home
line and press F7, to do the first Findup.
F4: Find - Next String
Qedit searches forward in the file, starting from the * line, until it finds a line that
contains the current string. Qedit clears the screen and displays a new page, with *
positioned at the line that contains the found string. Visual also shows the target
string on the Status line.
Before you can use F4, you must enter the target string. Type the string in quotes
("string") at the ===> on the home line and press F7, to do the first Find.
F5: Backward One Page
Qedit clears the screen and displays the previous page. By default, the top line of the
original screen becomes the bottom line of the new screen. Use Set Vis Carry to
change the number of lines carried over to the new screen.
F6: Forward One Page
Qedit clears the screen and displays the next page. By default, the bottom line of the
original screen becomes the top line of the new screen. Use Set Vis Carry to change
the number of lines carried over to the new screen.
F7: Execute a Command
Use the F7 key to execute commands. The current screen is not updated, unless you
have Set Vis Update On. Type whatever command you want to execute after the
===>. This includes "strings" to find, Qedit Line mode commands such as Open or
Justify, shell commands, calculator commands (=5/6), and special Visual commands
(e.g., * for Refresh, ? for Help). Then press F7. Qedit reads only the home line and
executes the function. To first save your screen changes and then execute, use Enter
instead of F7.
See the section "Home Line Commands" for complete details.
F8: Exit from Visual
To return from Visual mode to Line mode, use the F8 key. Press F8 again once you
are in Line mode to exit Qedit and return to HP-UX. If for some reason F8 fails to
exit from Visual, type / at the ===> and press F7 or the Enter key. This should get
you back to Line mode.
Browsing Through Your File
Line Number. Move to a specific line (e.g., to line 45).
===>45 F7
> and <. Move ahead or back a page. Use with a number to move several pages (e.g.,
ahead 3 pages).
===>>3 F7
18 • Getting a Quick Start with HP Full-Screen Editing Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
+ and -. Move forward or backward any number of lines (e.g., back 200 lines). If
you do not specify a number, the default is the number of lines configured by Set Vis
Roll.
===>-200 F7
~ The Tilde Key. Return to the "most recent" screen. If you jump from line 1500 to
line 451, ~ sends you back to 1500. This is handy if you jump briefly to another part
of your file to check something then want to get back to your original location.
The tilde is also available from line-mode but it has to be enabled by removing it
from the list of string delimiters. In order to do this, you could do the following:
/V stringd
Set STRINGDelimiters "|\~{}[]_@?!#>%&:'"
/S stringd "|\{}[]_@?!#>%&:'"
Notice that tilde has been removed from the delimiter list entered on the Set
command.
===>~ F7
FIRST and LAST. Move to start or end of file.
===>first F7
Scrollup Character. This character can be entered in the cut-and-paste columns to
scroll up in the file. A single character scrolls the number of lines defined by Set
Visual Roll. If the character is entered more than once, Qedit scrolls up that many
times the number of Roll lines. For example, enter 4 minus signs anywhere to scroll
4 X Roll lines. The default scrollup character is a minus sign. It can be changed to
something else with Set Visual Scrollup.
Cut-and-Paste
It is never necessary to remember line numbers in full-screen mode. Visual allows
you to mark, hold, move, copy, replicate, or delete a block of text, all visually. This
is called "cut-and-paste" and is done by putting special indicators in the two blank
columns at the left of each text line before you press the Enter key. For example, DD
indicates a block of text to be deleted.
Cutting Operations
Order Is Not Important (But One at a Time). You can enter the indicators in any
order and on different screens, but 10,000 is the maximum number of lines you can
cut. When you have defined a complete cut-and-paste task, Qedit completes the task
and removes the indicators. You can only perform one cut-and-paste task at a time.
Single Line
Block of Text
Function
M
MM
Move line or block of text
C
CC
Copy line or block of text
D
DD
Delete line or block of text
H
HH
Hold a line or block of text
HJ
Append block of text to Hold file
JJ
Justify a block of text
Z
ZZ
Mark a line or block of text
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Getting a Quick Start with HP Full-Screen Editing • 19
Pasting Operations
A
Insert text "after" this line (or use F for "following")
B
Insert text "before" this line (or P for "preceding")
AH
Insert Hold file after this line (or use FH)
BH
Insert Hold file before this line (or use PH)
A0
Insert Hold0 file after this line (or F0)
B0
Insert Hold0 file before this line (or P0)
R
A line to be replicated after itself
Rn
A line or block to be replicated n times (max. 9). (See "Copying a Block
of Text" below.)
Display Enhanced. When the cut-and-paste task is partly defined, Qedit highlights
the indicated lines and adds a warning to the status line.
Resetting Cut-and-Paste
You can cancel a pending cut-and-paste task (if you have not pressed the final Enter)
by entering a period (.) in the ===> line and pressing F7.
===>. F7
Copying a Block of Text
Paste One Copy at a Time. Suppose you want to copy a section of text from one
place in your file to another. Here is one way to do it. First, locate the screen
containing the start of the block that you want to copy, using a string search via the
home line. Move the cursor down to the first line you want to copy, then press
Cursor Left twice and type "CC" in the blank columns provided. Press Enter and you
should see that line highlighted in inverse video.
Second, find the end of the text section and mark the last line with another "CC".
After you press Enter, you should see the entire block highlighted.
Third, go to the screen where you want to insert a copy of the text. Move the cursor
down to the line before the desired insertion point, Cursor Left once and type "A"
(for after). Press Enter and the block should appear.
Paste Multiple Copies at Once.
When working with a block of text, you can use the same cut-and-paste codes to
mark the beginning and the end of the block (i.e., HH on the first line of the block
and HH again on the last line). The only exception to this is the block replication
code.
In this case, you would use RR to mark the beginning of the block and Rn to mark
the end of the block, where n represents the number of times you want that block
replicated. For example, to have the same block replicated five times, you would
enter R5. The new blocks are inserted immediately after the last line of the copied
block.
The original lines marked for replication are written to the Hold0 file.
20 • Getting a Quick Start with HP Full-Screen Editing Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
Cut-and-Paste Between Files
Using Visual mode's cut-and-paste functions, you can copy and move blocks of text
between files.
You can only edit one file at a time in Qedit, but you can switch quickly between
different Qedit files by Opening and Shutting them.
/o file1
Open file1 List * = 20
/o file2 {implicitly shuts file1}
Shut file1
Open file2 List * = 48
/o * {open the last file that was shut}
Shut file2
Open file1 List * = 20
/o * {open the second file again}
Shut file1
Open file2 List * = 48
Note: The * shortcut refers to the last Qedit file that was shut.
Now, to copy a block of text from file1 to file2, use HH twice (just as you would use
CC) to hold the block in file1. Then, open file2, and use AH or BH to paste in the
text from the Hold file. To move a block from file1 to file2, use the DD function to
delete the block of text from the first file. The deleted block is stored in a temporary
Hold file called Hold0 (Hold-zero). Now immediately open file2 and use A0 or B0 to
paste in the text from Hold0.
Dividing and Gluing Operations
Single line
V
a single line to be diVided
G
a single line to be glued
GJ
a single line to be glued with a space inserted
Block of text
VV
begin or end of the block to be diVided
GG
begin or end of the block to be glued
Dividing Lines in Visual Mode
To divide a line, use the V (diVide) cut-and-paste function in column 3 or 4, then
insert the special field separator ("~") at each division point in the line. The default
field separator is tilde ("~" ), but you can override this with Set Vis Field. If no "~" is
found in the line, a blank line is added after the line.
What about dividing all the lines in a range? Use VV to mark the start and the end of
the line range, then place the field separators in the first line of the range. Every line
of the range is divided at the specified field columns. If no "~" is found, a blank line
is added after each line.
When marking several division points, insert them into the first line of the block
from right to left. As you insert them, they shift the following text to the right one
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Getting a Quick Start with HP Full-Screen Editing • 21
space each. Otherwise, if you insert them from left to right, it is difficult to select the
proper division point for subsequent fields.
Gluing Lines in Visual Mode
To Glue the next line to the current line, use a G in column 3 or 4. To Glue two lines
with a space inserted at the joint, use GJ in columns 3 and 4.
To glue "pairs" of lines within a block, use GG to mark the start and end of the
block.
By default, G and GG append text after the last nonblank character in a line, but it is
also possible to glue text to specific columnar fields. You do this by inserting a field
separator at the start of each field (mark the first line only). The default field
separator is the tilde ("~"), but you may override this with Set Vis Field. If you
specify three fields, G glues the next three lines to the first line. GG glues the next
three lines to the first line, and then go on to the next group of four lines. If the
precise column number where each field starts is important to you, insert the field
separators from right to left, since each one that is inserted shifts the column
numbers that follow off by one more.
Excluding Lines From Visual Mode Display
The XX indicators are used to mark lines that you do not want displayed in full-
screen mode. Once marked, the block of text is replaced with a single line.
--- Excluded Area --- 10/34.5
This line shows the line numbers which are currently excluded. An excluded area
setting is saved in the workfile so it's preserved across Open/Shut commands. To
reset the excluded area and see the original lines again, type .xx on the Homeline
and press Enter or F7.
The excluded area can also be defined using Set Visual XX. The current excluded
area is displayed on the Verify Visual output.
Restrictions
The Excluded Area line must not be removed, altered or used in any way. This
also means that you can not enter any indicators in the cut-and-paste area. If you
wish to paste lines before or after the excluded area, you should use the appropriate
cut-and-paste indicators on the line that immediate precedes or follows the
Excluded Area line.
An excluded area can not be included in any other block operation such as ZZ, CC,
MM or other XX.
If any of these rules are broken, Qedit displays an appropriate error message.
Justifying Lines in Visual Mode
Justification in text alignment is available in full-screen mode. To justify a block of
text, simply mark the first and last lines in the block with the JJ indicator. If Qedit
uses any justify default settings, they are defined by the Set Justify command. If
there are no default settings, Qedit assumes the text should be justified within the
current display width.
The justified lines are written to the Hold0 file. A single J indicator is not valid.
22 • Getting a Quick Start with HP Full-Screen Editing Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
Renumbering Lines
When the insertion point is on the current screen, Qedit renumbers the screen if
needed (and if Set Vis Renum is ON).
Inserting Blank Lines
When entering a lot of new text, it is tiresome to keep pressing Ins Line for each new
line. To insert a block of 10 blank lines quickly, press Ins Line to create one blank
line, Cursor Left twice, type R9, and press Enter. This reproduces nine copies of the
blank line immediately after it (as well as updating the paragraph you just finished
typing). Repeat as needed.
Hold Files
Visual has both an implicit and an explicit Hold file.
The Implicit Hold0 File. Any block processed by the CC, MM, JJ, RR, or DD
indicators is also written to a disc file called Hold0 (Hold-zero). This allows you to
copy the lines back into your workfile using A0 or B0 (add from Hold0, After or
Before the line on which you place the indicator).
The Explicit Hold File. The HH indicator writes a block to the Hold file without
moving or modifying it. Use H for a single line. To copy the line(s) back into your
workfile, use AH or BH. You may need a Hold file when creating a file that you
want to compile, or when using the Use command. You must use HH (instead of CC)
for copying text from one file to another.
When HH is used to mark the beginning and end of a block, it copies the block of
text to the explicit Hold file. With the HH indicator, the current contents of the Hold
file are erased and replaced with the marked lines.
If you want to append a block of text to the Hold file, you can use the HJ indicator.
HH or HJ can be used to mark the first line. However, HJ must be used to mark the
last line. You cannot hold-append a single line of text, which means you can append
only two or more lines. With the HJ indicator, the current contents of the Hold file
are preserved and the block of text is appended to it.
Marking Changes Without Using Line Numbers
The ZZ indicators mark a group of lines that you want Qedit to remember. Use Z to
mark a single line. Note: "Z" for a single line is valid only in Visual mode; in Line
mode, use "ZZ" to mark a single line. See the ZZ command in the "Qedit
Commands" chapter for further information. Once marked, the lines are displayed at
half-bright intensity and you can refer to them in any home line command by using
ZZ where the line numbers are expected. This is especially useful when listing lines
to the printer, changing or appending strings, and formatting text:
===> list $lp zz F7
===> change "bob"Robert" zz F7
===> verify zz F7 {check current ZZ range}
===> zz off F7 {cancel ZZ range}
Paste from a Non-Qedit File
If you want to copy text into your current workfile from another file that is not a
Qedit file, you cannot use the methods described above. You cannot Open the second
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Getting a Quick Start with HP Full-Screen Editing • 23
file if it is not in Qedit format. Instead, use the List command to find the portion of
text that you want to add from it (without Shutting the first file). Then, use the Add
command to paste in the text.
===>list xxx
===>add * = xxx 10.7/22.9
Home Line Commands
All Qedit commands are supported in Visual mode. To do a command, such as Listf
or ls, press the Home Up key to reach the home line, then type your command after
the ===> and press F7 or Enter. To execute a command, such as Change, on a subset
of the file, first use the ZZ cut-and-paste indicators to mark the subset and then use
ZZ in the command. After most ===> commands, Qedit prompts you for more
commands ("Next command [Visual]"). Type in more commands, or return to your
Visual screen above, by pressing the Enter or Return key.
Qedit accepts each command, executes it and goes back to the "Next command"
prompt. There are a few exceptions to this process. By default, when you enter an
Open command, Qedit assumes you want to edit the file immediately and switches
into full-screen mode automatically. If you wish to disable this feature, enter Set
Visual Editonopen Off.
If the tilde has been removed from the list of string delimiters (see Set
Stringdelimiters) and you enter a tilde "~" at the "Next command" prompt, Qedit
uses the current line number associated with the tilde, makes it the current line and
goes back into Visual immediately.
Finding Strings
To search for a string, simply type it in quotes at the ===> line and press F7 or
Enter.
===>"string" F7
Qedit will find the next line containing that string, display the page around it, and
show the target string in the Status line. To find the next occurrence of the same
string, press F4.
To find the previous occurrence of a string, prefix the string with a circumflex.
===>^"string" F7
To find the next previous occurrence, press F3.
You may delimit strings with any of the following characters:
~
Tilde
|
Vertical line, Up-line
"
Quotation mark
'
Apostrophe, Single quote
:
Colon
%
Percent sign
\
Reverse slant, Backslash
24 • Getting a Quick Start with HP Full-Screen Editing Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
You may use single quotes (') if you do not have Set Decimal On. Note that, with
this syntax, Qedit permits a few less characters in Visual mode than it does in Line
mode because Visual mode uses these characters for other purposes. For example,
the question mark is used to get quick help about Visual mode, instead of as a string
delimiter. If you insist on using other delimiters, you should use the Find command
on the ===> line.
===>F :string: F7
Changing Strings
You can change strings on the screen by entering a Change command on the ===>
line.
===>c "niether"neither" */*+19 F7
Help on Visual Mode
To get help, press Home Up, type ? and press F7 or Enter.
===>? F7
The ? command gives a one-screen summary of Visual mode. For complete on-line
help on Qedit, including Visual, type HELP in the ===> line and press F7 or Enter.
===>help F7
For help on a specific command, type HELP [command name]. See the Help
command in the "Qedit Commands" chapter. To get out of help, press F8.
Formatting Paragraphs
To format a screen paragraph, mark the paragraph with ZZ cut-and-paste indicators,
then use a Justify command that includes a ZZ. For example:
===>justify both margin 68 zz F7
If every paragraph ends with a blank line, you can Justify a paragraph by using the
relative line number on the screen. Justify will start at that point and continue until it
finds a blank line:
===>justify both margin 68 *+2 F7
For more information on Justify, see the Justify command in the "Qedit Commands"
chapter.
Undoing Changes in Visual Mode
After you have made some changes to your screen in Visual mode and updated the
file by pressing Enter, you may decide you don't want those changes after all. You
can use the Undo command to cancel these changes.
All of the changes you make on the screen before pressing Enter, are treated by
Qedit as one "undo-able" command, except for cut-and-paste operations. Qedit
always executes a cut-and-paste last after updating the file with any other changes,
no matter what order the changes were made in. This means that you can choose to
undo just the cut-and-paste operation, or undo it and all of the other changes. You
can continue undoing your previous changes until the file is back to its original state.
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Getting a Quick Start with HP Full-Screen Editing • 25
Refreshing the Screen
If you make changes to the screen, then decide not to keep them before you press
Enter to update your screen, how do you get your original text back? You refresh the
screen by typing a * on the home line, then pressing F7, F1 or Enter (or any function
key with Set Vis Update On). Use the Undo command if you press Enter and then
decide that you don't want to keep your changes.
If you insert so many new lines that you push the column template line right off the
bottom of your screen, don't worry -- it's not really gone. Qedit won't update your
screen without the template line, however. Press Next Page (Pg Dn) to pull up the
next screen of display memory. You have a problem only if you inserted so many
lines that you pushed the template line right out of display memory, and even then
you can still recover your changes. See the Errors in Visual section of Appendix E,
regarding qscreen.
Screen Refresh is particularly useful if you've pressed Clear Display by accident.
===>* F7
When using Set Vis Update On to automatically update the screen, use *> F7 or *<
F7 to move ahead or back one page, without updating the current page.
Other Line Mode Commands
You may enter any Line mode Qedit command in the ===> line, including Opening
another file, and calculator commands (=). The ZZ cut-and-paste indicator can be
used to mark a group of lines for use in any Qedit Line mode command.
===>list $char zz F7
Truncated Home Line
When editing a file with short records (e.g., Set Lang Text, Set Len 20), the right
margin of terminal display memory is set to match the record length. This means that
when typing home line commands you wrap the status line at the same width as the
records (very inconvenient if the record length is 3 bytes!). You can, however, cursor
past the right margin to type a longer command. Therefore, Qedit expands the right
margin when you use F7 to execute the home line command, making it possible to
execute a long command even when the data length is short. Qedit cannot expand the
right margin if you press Enter (and may cut short your command).
Exit from Visual
If your function keys do not work for some reason, you may not be able to use F8 to
exit from Visual. Instead, press Home Up, type / and press Enter. This updates your
current screen and returns you to Line mode.
===>/ F7
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Getting a Quick Start with VT Full-Screen Editing • 27
Getting a Quick Start with VT Full-
Screen Editing
Introduction
Qedit's full-screen mode on VT terminals is called Screen mode, which works with
most VT terminals (i.e., VT100 and VT220). To use Screen mode, you must have a
VT terminal or terminal emulator, and you must have a terminfo entry for your VT
terminal in your configuration (use untic vt100 or untic vt220 to check
your terminfo entries).
Screen mode differs from Visual mode by not relying on the block-mode feature of
HP terminals. It enables you to page forward and backward through your file, as well
as to move, copy, mark and delete blocks of text with Screen mode's cut-and-paste
functions.
Screen mode is a good introduction to the HP operating system for users who don't
work on HP computers all day. Those who may particularly benefit are novice users,
or users who run Qedit only to update a report skeleton once a week. Screen mode
provides a familiar environment where novices can make changes to the entire
screen, just as they do on PC editors. You can even configure some electronic mail
packages (e.g., HPDesk, elm) to put your users directly into Screen mode when they
edit a message.
Home and End keys
On PC's running a terminal emulator, the Home and End keys correspond to the
Home and End keys on your keyboard. On VT100 terminals, these keys correspond
to keypad-7 for Home and keypad-1 for End because there are no keys labeled Home
and End. In addition to the keypad equivalents, VT220 terminals also correspond
Home to the Find key and End to the Select key.
Starting Screen Mode
After you have invoked Qedit, and used Text or Open to access a file, you can
switch from Line mode to Screen mode by typing "vi." If you don't have a file open
when you type "vi", Qedit will open an empty scratch file and fill it with a blank line.
In Line mode you must type command and text lines, and press Return after each
line. In Screen mode you can edit a full screen of text by moving the cursor around
the screen, inserting and deleting lines and characters, and joining and splitting lines.
28 • Getting a Quick Start with VT Full-Screen Editing Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
To move through the file, use PF3 and PF4 (or the Prev and Next keys if you have a
VT220 or above).
You can perform additional editing functions by using control-key sequences. For
example, to mark the first line in a cut-and-paste operation, press ^L. When you are
finished editing, use ^E to exit Screen mode.
Troubleshooting
If your TERM environment variable is set to a VT terminal, Qedit will automatically
use Screen mode when you type "vi." If you are running Reflection with HP and VT
emulation, and Qedit is still using Visual mode, you should check the following
items:
• The RCRTMODEL environment variable is set to 0.
• The TERM variable has been exported. Use export to see a list of
your exported variables.
• The value used in your TERM variable is a valid terminfo entry. Type
in untic $TERM or untic terminfo value to check this.
You can also manually put Qedit into Screen mode by typing in the following
command:
set vis screen on
Screen Layout
The screen starts with the Status Line, several Text Lines, and ends with the
Message Line.
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Getting a Quick Start with VT Full-Screen Editing • 29
Qedit Full-screen editing (Reflection in VT220 emulation mode)
Status Line
The first line shows the current line number and column location of your position in
the file, the insert/replace mode, and the name of the file you are editing. For
example,
L 11 C 5 I monthly.report
Text Lines
By default, the number of lines on the screen is LINES-2. The default value of
LINES is specified in the terminfo entry for your terminal. You can override
terminfo's default value by setting the shell environment variable LINES.
Message Line
The last line on the screen is the message line. When you first enter Screen mode,
this line displays a list of commonly used control keys. As you edit a file, Qedit uses
this line to display messages about your editing operations. After a message is
displayed, it remains on the screen until you move to another screen (e.g., by
scrolling or by paging forward or backward). Then the list of commonly used keys
will appear in the message line again.
30 • Getting a Quick Start with VT Full-Screen Editing Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
Using Your Keyboard
In Screen mode, the keyboard gives you the power to move around the screen, to edit
text, and to control the flow of Qedit.
Moving the Cursor
You can move around the screen by using the cursor keys and the numeric keypad.
VT100 and up
VT100 keystrokes:
Key
Action
Cursor Left
Move one space to left
Cursor Right
Move one space to right
Cursor Up
Move one space up
Cursor Down
Move one space down
PF1
Display help screen
PF3
Previous page of text
PF4
Next page of text
Home
Go to beginning of line
End
Go to end of line
Home Home
Go to beginning of file
End End
Go to end of file
Keypad Layout
VT100 keystrokes:
[ 7]
Home
[ 8 ]
Cursor Up
[ 9 ]
Previous Page
[ 4 ]
Cursor Left
[ 5 ]
Toggle Wordmove
[ 6 ]
Cursor Right
[ 1 ]
End
[ 2 ]
Cursor Down
[ 3 ]
Next Page
[ 0 ]
Insert
[ . ]
Remove
VT220 and Up
VT220 keystrokes:
Key
Action
Prev Page
Previous page of text
Next Page
Next page of text
Find
Home
Select
End
Insert
Toggle insert/overwrite mode
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Getting a Quick Start with VT Full-Screen Editing • 31
Remove
Delete current character
If you are using a modem to access your HP-UX computer, you can try pressing ^O
to toggle the fast scroll option. This option, whose default is Off, may speed up
single-line scrolling operations. However, the screen update with fast scroll may be
visually annoying.
The toggle WordMove feature selects whether the left and right cursor keys will
move by characters or by words. This feature is useful if you have a slow connection
to your host machine.
Press keypad-5 to move by word. Qedit defines a word as a sequence of
alphanumeric characters or a sequence of punctuation characters. For example, the
line "if (a==b)" contains 6 words: if, (, a, ==, b, and ). Press keypad-5 again
to move by full words. Qedit defines a full word as a sequence of non-blank
characters. For example, "if (a==b)" contains these 2 full words: if and
(a==b). Press keypad-5 once again to return to move by single character.
Editing the Text Lines
You revise the screen image by using these keys:
Key
Action
Return
Insert mode: split line at current position
Overwrite mode: move to start to next line
Backspace
Delete previous character
Insert mode: rest of line shifts left
Overwrite mode: rest of line unchanged
At start of line, join line to previous line
Insert
Toggle insert/overwrite mode
Remove
Delete character at current cursor location, rest of line shifts left
^N
Insert blank line above current line
^D
Delete line at current cursor
^R
Search and Replace
^U
Undo changes to current line before you move cursor off the line
In Search and Replace, Qedit asks you three pieces of information: the string to
search for, the string to replace with, and the search options. The search options are
the same as the ones in the Find String function, which is documented in the
following section.
Control Functions
To return from Screen mode to Line mode:
Key
Action
^E
Exit to Line mode
Browsing Through Your File
Key
Action
32 • Getting a Quick Start with VT Full-Screen Editing Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
^G
Go to a particular line
^F
Find string
^A
Find next
You can go to a specific line number by pressing ^G. The first line in the file is line
1. You can quickly go to line one by pressing Home twice. Similarly, you can go to
the last line by pressing End twice. The Home key equivalent is keypad-7 (or Find
on VT220), and the End key equivalent is keypad-1 (or Select on VT220).
You can also go to a line by searching for a string. Press ^F to begin searching. Qedit
will ask you for two pieces of information. First, you need to enter the string you
want to search for. Second, you need to enter the search options. The search options
are as follows:
Option
Action
I
Ignore type case of words
Default: case-sensitive
P
Specified string is a pattern
Default: not to use patterns.
W
Search string must be a "word" (surrounded by blanks or punctuation)
Default: string can be anywhere in line
1
Start searching from line 1
Default: start from current line
To search for the next occurrence of a string, press ^A. Once the last string has been
found, Qedit will not return to the start of file.
Cut-and-Paste
Key
Action
^L
Begin marking a block of text
press once to mark by complete lines
press again to mark by partial lines
press again to cancel marking line
^C
Copy marked lines to Hold0 file
^X
Cut marked lines to Hold0 file
^V
Paste lines from Hold0 file before current line
Screen mode's model for cut-and-paste is similar to the cut-and-paste of Microsoft
Windows. First you mark a block of text. Then you either copy or cut the text to a
"clipboard." The copied text remains in the file, but the cut text is deleted. To paste
the text, put the contents of the clipboard into the new location.
If you have not marked a block of text when you perform a copy or cut, the current
line will be copied or cut.
When you start marking a block, Qedit will highlight lines as you move through the
file. The highlighted lines are your marked block. When you press Ctrl-L to begin
marking, Qedit highlights the entire line. This means the whole line will be inside the
marked block, regardless of the horizontal location of your cursor. If you press Ctrl-
L again, Qedit highlights only part of the line, from the position of your cursor when
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Getting a Quick Start with VT Full-Screen Editing • 33
you first pressed Ctr-L to your current cursor position. Press Ctrl-L a third time to
cancel your marked block.
Resetting Cut-and-Paste
You can cancel the current marked block by pressing ^L.
Copying a Block of Text
Suppose you want to copy a section of text from one place in your file to another.
Here is one way to do it:
1. Use a string search to locate the start of the block. Move the cursor to
the first line you want to copy and press ^L. You should see the current
line highlighted.
2. Go to the last line you want to mark and press ^C.
3. Go to the screen where you want to insert a copy of the text. Move the
cursor to the line after the desired insertion point and Press ^V to add
the block.
Splitting and Joining Lines
To split a line, move the cursor to the position where you want the new line to start.
Make sure you're in insert mode and then press Return.
To join two lines, move the cursor to the beginning of the second line, and then press
Backspace.
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Getting a Quick Start with Line Mode Editing • 35
Getting a Quick Start with Line
Mode Editing
Introduction
You don't have to learn every command in order to use Qedit. With just a few of the
basic functions, you can take care of editing job streams, programs, memos, or big
text files. First, find out how to run Qedit on your system. Your system manager may
have set up an easy way to access Qedit (try typing qedit). Look for a slash prompt
(/ on MPE or qux/ on HP-UX), which tells you Qedit is ready to go.
This introduction will make the following activities familiar to you: adding lines to a
file, looking at the contents of files, searching files for specific characters, changing
one line or many lines, deleting, moving, and copying lines, and saving files. In the
examples to follow, watch for comments on the right-hand side, enclosed in curly
braces. Whatever you see in { } is an explanation, not part of the command, although
Qedit will accept it. Press Return after each command line. When you finish your
session, getting back out of Qedit is easy. Type Exit, and press the Return key:
/exit
Adding Lines to a File
You add text with the Add command. Qedit numbers each line you add. Pressing
Return at any spot in the line moves you to a new line. This means that you can put a
blank line into your text if you press Return twice in a row. Qedit continues to add
your lines of text until you type // (two slashes) at the beginning of a new line and
press Return. Try typing Add right now, and Qedit moves the cursor and prints some
identifying information:
/add {remember to press Return}
QEDITSCR {Qedit displays this line}
Temporary File List * = 1 {and this line too}
1 _ {go on, Qedit is waiting for you}
Continue to "add" by typing in this example:
36 • Getting a Quick Start with Line Mode Editing Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
1 MEMO TO: Drama Staff, News Simulation Dept.
2
3 FROM: Marie Reimer, Publicity Dept.
4
5 Please check your in-baskets daily and
6 respond to your fan mail within a week.
7 // {stop adding for now}
/ {Qedit is waiting again}
You can add lines anywhere in the file by typing Add followed by the line number
where you want to start your insertion. For example, if you decide to date this memo,
type at the slash prompt:
/add 2
2.1 DATE: November 18, 2000
2.2
2.3 //
/
You have added line 2.1 for the date, and line 2.2, which is blank. Line 2.3 is not put
into your file, since typing the double slash stopped the adding. Notice that Qedit
used line numbers that would fit between line 2 and line 3. Now, if you want to see
what the whole thing looks like, type List ALL at the slash prompt.
/list all
1 MEMO TO: Drama Staff, News Simulation Dept.
2
2.1 DATE: November 18, 2000
2.2
3 FROM: Marie Reimer, Publicity Dept.
4
5 Please check your in-baskets daily and
6 respond to your fan mail within a week.
/
Looking at the File
The command for looking at the file is List. But you can do much more than List
ALL. For example, you can list a file you're not even working on. Our sample memo
is a temporary file, in your group, named Qeditscr, but you could look at a file in
another group now without harming the memo by typing, for example:
/list /etc/profile
The file /etc/profile may be scrolling by on your screen, but don't panic. If you
change your mind about looking at it, you can stop the listing by holding down the
Control key and pressing "Y".
You may choose to look at just a small part of the file. To prove that the memo,
although temporarily gone from your screen, is not lost forever, look at two lines of
it:
/list 3/4
3 FROM: Marie Reimer, Publicity Dept.
4
Instead of listing all, you limited the range of lines to be listed. A range of lines,
called a rangelist, can have specific line numbers (such as 3 in the above example),
words like "first" and "last", relative line numbers such as -3 (means the third line
back) or +10 (tenth line ahead), or a combination.
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Getting a Quick Start with Line Mode Editing • 37
/list first/2,+1,last-2
1 MEMO TO: Drama Staff, News Simulation Dept.
2
2.2
4
The slash / separating the numbers (or words) symbolizes the word "to". Rangelists
can also contain strings. See the section on strings (called Searching the File), or the
"Glossary" for definitions of rangelist and string.
Browsing the File
If you want to browse through the file, the command you need is LJ. LJ stands for
List-Jump. Qedit shows you a screen of text, prints
More?[yes]
at the bottom of the screen, and waits for you. If you press Return, Qedit displays the
next screen. You can stop browsing by pressing Control-Y, typing NO or just N, or
by typing //. Also, you can type any command, and Qedit stops browsing to execute
it. To request a List-Jump:
/lj 6 {begin browsing at line 6}
/lj /etc/profile {browse configuration file}
Searching the File
So far, you typed line numbers to specify which lines you wanted to see. There is
another way to list lines, and that is to specify an identifying string. Put anything in
quotes and it's a string. Qedit lists all the lines that contain that exact same
"anything".
/list "your"
5 Please check your in-baskets daily and
6 respond to your fan mail within a week.
2 lines found
There are two occurrences of "your" in the file, one on line 5 and one on line 6.
Strings can help you find a particular place in the file quickly.
With the commands Find and Findup, you can go to the next consecutive location of
a string. Find searches the file from your current location to the end. Findup searches
backwards from where you are to the beginning. So in order to search a file for a
date scattered throughout it, type:
/find "January 18" {search forward from current line}
Or, search back through the file with
/findup "January 18"
Qedit displays the next line containing "January 18". To search again for the same
string, just type Find (or Findup). You can abbreviate "Find" to "F" and "Findup" to
"^".
/f
To search for a different string, just type F "new string".
38 • Getting a Quick Start with Line Mode Editing Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
Editing Lines
Suppose you want to change the date of your memo. You could do it the slow way,
first deleting the line, then adding a replacement line with the new date. But instead
of all that retyping, try the Modify command. Modify has a lot of power. Here's how
to use it:
1. Type M and the line number.
2. Qedit displays the line, and you move along on the line below it by
pressing the space bar.
3. Stop at the point where you want to make your correction.
4. Type in the change to be inserted and press Return.
5. Qedit displays the entire corrected line for your approval. Make another
correction if you want, and when satisfied, press Return again to accept
the corrected line and get back to the slash prompt.
An example:
/m2.1
2.1 DATE: November 18, 2000
9 {move with the space bar}
{press Return}
2.1 DATE: November 19, 2000 {press Return again}
Here is a partial list of special things you can do with Modify:
^B
insert text Before this column
^D
DELETE text from this column onward
^L
add text after the LAST column in the line
^O
OVERWRITE (or replace) columns
^T
TRAVEL over the line without changing it
^G
GOOFED. Put the line back the way it was, please
Note: The little symbol ^ is a shorthand way of saying that you hold down the
Control key (on some keyboards abbreviated Ctrl) while at the same time pressing
the letter. For example, ^B (or Control-B): keep the Control key down with one
finger while with another, type a B. These symbols won't show up on your screen.
HP-UX reacts to certain control characters which might conflict with the Qzmodify
codes. For example, control-D sends an end-of-file signal to HP-UX but is also the
delete character in Qzmodify. You should use the HP-UX stty program to change
the default end-of-file signal. Please see the section "Control Characters and stty" on
page 48 for more details.
This command is easy to use but awkward to describe; you'll understand how to use
it much faster if you give it a try. Let's take a typical example, and modify line 5 of
our memo. Begin by typing "m5" and, of course, pressing Return. Then, to replace
"daily" with "every day", our first step is to delete the word. Use the space bar to
move to the column under the "d" in "daily". Press ^D (you won't see anything,
remember), then space across all the columns you want to delete. Don't press
Return yet.
The second step is to insert the two new words. Press ^B and type "every day". Now
press Return to see the line with the revisions.
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Getting a Quick Start with Line Mode Editing • 39
Qedit lets you see your revisions and continue modifying with as many different
changes as you can fit into one pass, before you press Return. In order to make
changes at different locations in a line, press ^T to space over the intervening
characters without disturbing them. If you goofed, press ^G instead: you'll get your
original line back.
The final step is to accept the revisions by pressing Return one last time.
If your fingers are so trained to MPE's style of Modify (e.g., D for delete) that you
cannot remember to use the Control key, do not despair. As with most things in
Qedit, there is a configuration option to solve this problem. The command Set Mod
HP instructs Qedit to accept HP-style modifies (i.e., MPE modifies such as D and I),
instead of Qedit-style. See the Modify section of the Set command.
Global Changes
There is another way to modify lines in your workfile. The Change command allows
you to make changes throughout the entire file, without the bother of working on
each line one by one. For example, with one Change command to your memo, you
can replace all the colons with dashes.
/change ":"-" all
1 MEMO TO- Drama Staff, News Simulation Dept.
2.1 DATE- November 19, 2000
3 FROM- Marie Reimer, Publicity Dept.
3 lines changed
Using the Change All command is a one-way street. If we now decide we don't like
the dashes and want to get the colons back, observe what happens to Line 5.
/change"-":" all
1 MEMO TO: Drama Staff, News Simulation Dept.
2.1 DATE: November 19, 2000
3 FROM: Marie Reimer, Publicity Dept.
5 Please check your in:baskets daily and
4 lines changed
This second Change command has gotten us into hot water. Luckily, Qedit has an
Undo command that takes your file step-by-step backwards to put it back to the way
it was. See the Undo command in the "Qedit Commands" chapter.
CJ Command
If you're not sure what the consequences of a global change will be, use the CJ
command. CJ stands for Change-Jump. Qedit shows you each line it means to
change, and waits for you to approve, to change your mind, or to modify that line.
Then Qedit jumps to the next occurrence of your string, and repeats its question until
you have dealt with all occurrences of the string in the file. To accept the default
answer of NO (i.e., don't replace the string), shown in square brackets, just press
Return.
40 • Getting a Quick Start with Line Mode Editing Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
/cj":"-" all
1 MEMO TO: Drama Staff, News Simulation Dept.
Change okay (Y,N or Modify) [No]: {press Return}
2.1 DATE: November 19, 2000
Change okay (Y,N or Modify) [No]: {press Return}
3 FROM: Marie Reimer, Publicity Dept.
Change okay (Y,N or Modify) [No]: {press Return}
5 Please check your in:baskets daily and
Change okay (Y,N or Modify) [No]:Yes
1 line changed
You can use the handy ^Y to stop in the midst of change-jumping just as you used it
to stop listing.
Rangelist
You can also specify individual lines or a rangelist to Change. For example,
/change "Dept."Department" 1/3
1 MEMO TO: Drama Staff, News Simulation Department
3 FROM: Marie Reimer, Publicity Department
2 lines changed
/change "Drama Staff, "" 1 {changes string to nothing}
{i.e., deletes it}
1 MEMO TO: News Simulation Department
1 line changed
Copying Lines
Copying lines is a variation of the Add command. One reason we might want to copy
lines is to make a general-purpose form out of our memo. We can keep a sample
memo form at the beginning of the file, then copy it to the end of the file and fill it in
whenever we need to communicate. This is how to do it:
/add last = first/4
7 MEMO TO: News Simulation Department
8
9 DATE: November 18, 2000
10
11 FROM: Marie Reimer, Publicity Department
12
6 lines COPIED
Qedit copies the rangelist (first/4 = first line to line 4) after the indicated line (here,
last line in file). To accomplish our goal of placing the sample memo template at the
beginning of the file, we'll have to move the first six lines so they follow our new
sample. Before we try moving lines, a last tip on copying: you can copy lines from an
external file by including the file name in the command, placed after the equals sign
and right before the rangelist.
Moving Lines
Moving is very similar to copying; it's another form of the Add command. But,
instead of using the equals sign, use the less-than sign. You can specify:
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Getting a Quick Start with Line Mode Editing • 41
/add 12 < 1/6
13 MEMO TO: News Simulation Department
14
15 DATE: November 18, 2000
16
17 FROM: Marie Reimer, Publicity Department
18
19 Please check your in-baskets daily and
20 respond to your fan mail within a week.
8 lines MOVED
Qedit moves the rangelist (in this case, lines 1 to 6) after the indicated line (in this
case, 12). In case you were wondering, we could have used "last" instead of the
number "12". You can add, move, or copy lines to any spot. In fact, we could have
copied the first six lines to the beginning of the file in the first place, but then we
wouldn't have had this fascinating "move" example. The result of this particular
move is
/list all
7 MEMO TO: News Simulation Department
8
9 DATE: November 18, 2000
10
11 FROM: Marie Reimer, Publicity Department
12
13 MEMO TO: News Simulation Department
14
15 DATE: November 18, 2000
16
17 FROM: Marie Reimer, Publicity Department
18
19 Please check your in-baskets daily and
20 respond to your fan mail within a week.
Deleting Lines
To demonstrate the Delete command, we'll get rid of our memo template. On some
systems, Qedit asks for confirmation before deleting a large number of lines. If so,
you can cancel the deletion just by pressing Return; to confirm the deletion, type
"yes" and press Return. The abbreviation for Delete is simply D :
/d first/12
7 _MEMO TO: News Simulation Department
8 _
9 _DATE: November 18, 2000
10 _
11 _FROM: Marie Reimer, Publicity Department
12 _
DELETE 6 lines [no]? yes
If you typed "yes" without due consideration, you now have a chance to take it back.
Press Control-Y, and Qedit saves your bacon with the message "Undeleted!" But you
must press Control-Y immediately: if you do anything else between the deletion and
the rescue, Qedit will commit to the deletion. However, in this situation the Undo
command can bring your lines back, even if you have made more changes. You must
undo each change to the file in reverse order. See the "Qedit Commands" chapter of
the manual for details.
42 • Getting a Quick Start with Line Mode Editing Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
Help Command
On-line help is available on every topic in Qedit. After you've become an expert with
the commands introduced here, you can use Help to teach yourself all sorts of
amazing new commands. To get Help, type a question mark or the word HELP.
/help
or
/?
Qedit responds with a list of its commands, and at the bottom of the screen, a list of
keywords. Type the keyword of the topic in which you're interested. For example,
one of the keywords is "Full-Screen". Get an introduction to full-screen mode by
typing:
>full-screen
Did you notice that the Help prompt is different from Qedit's regular prompt?
When you asked for Help, Qedit filled your screen with lists. To learn about some of
the commands in the list, (e.g., the Add command), type the keyword:
>commands
and Qedit gives you some general information on the topic of commands. At the
bottom of the screen is a list of keywords. Type the one in which you're interested:
>add
Qedit responds with further information. You can backtrack your route and look at
all the other possibilities too. Pressing Return takes you back one step at a time.
To exit from Help, press the Return key until you see the regular Qedit slash prompt
again.
Saving the File
There are two commands that preserve your work: Keep and Shut. First, invent a
name for your file. Naturally, two files cannot have the same name. The name must
be a valid HP-UX file name. We've been working on a temporary file. To save it,
name it:
/keep myfile1
When you want to work on Myfile1 again, type:
/text myfile1
and Qedit will copy Myfile1 for you to use. If you make changes to the file,
remember to Keep it again before you leave Qedit to make the changes a permanent
part of the file.
Open and Shut for Instant Access
Only Qedit files can be opened and shut. It is much faster to use the Open command
than it is to use the Text command, because you make changes directly to the Open
file. With a Text file, you must wait for Qedit to make a copy to which you make
your changes.
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Getting a Quick Start with Line Mode Editing • 43
Using the Shut command saves the current scratchfile as a permanent Qedit workfile.
In the case of a scratchfile, the name of the new workfile must not exist. You can
Shut a new file, or a file that you made a copy of (with the Text command). Name
the file as described above.
If you are working on a Qedit workfile, Qedit renames it before closing.
qux/t myfile1
'Language' is now DATA {copy of myfile1 in scratchfile}
20 lines in file
qux/sh myfile1
Retained existing file for you. {myfile1 already exists. No change.}
qux/sh myfile1.work {renamed to myfile1.work}
qux/open *
Open /home/user1/myfile1.work Current = 1 Margins = 1/80
qux/sh myfile1.newwork
File renamed.
A workfile looks like any other file from the outside. For example,
ll myfile1*
-rw-rw-rw- 1 francois users 533 Aug 17 18:33 myfile1
-rw-rw-rw- 1 francois users 16384 Dec 8 07:15 myfile1.work
However, you can use the HP-UX file command to determine the file type. In
order for file to recognize Qedit files, you need to edit /etc/magic.
login as root
$ cd /etc
$ qedit
qux/Text magic
qux/Add last
0\tstring\tQEDIT\tQedit {\t indicates tab characters}
//
qux/Set Decimal On
qux/Change "\t" '9 * {change \t to actual tab characters}
qux/Keep
You can now use the file command on these files.
$ file myfile1*
myfile1: ascii text
myfile1.work: Qedit
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Running Qedit under HP-UX • 45
Running Qedit under HP-UX
Running Qedit
To run Qedit for HP-UX, type this command:
/opt/robelle/bin/qedit
Qedit. Copyright Robelle Solutions Technology Inc. 1977-2001.
(Version 5.9) Type ? for help.
qux/
Qedit prints its version number and prompts with "qux/". You type commands,
ending each with Return. For example, to edit a file enter a Text command:
qux/text filename
To save your edits, use the Keep command.
When you start Qedit, you are initially in Line mode (you type command and text
lines, ending each with the Return key). Qedit has two full-screen modes: Visual
mode for HP terminals and Screen mode for VT terminals.
Visual Mode for HP Terminals
Full-screen editing as implemented on HP3000 computers only works on HP-UX
versions earlier than 11.0. On HP-UX 11.0 or later, full-screen editing is available in
Screen mode (Set Visual Screen On) on VT-type terminals or in Visual
Blockemulation emulation (Set Visual Blockemulation On) on HP-type terminals.
As its name implies, Blockemulation emulates block-mode operations by reading
each line one by one instead of reading the whole screen in a single operation.
Depending on the type of connection, this process might take a few seconds as the
cursor moves down the screen.
On HP terminals, Qedit's full-screen mode is called Visual mode. The function keys
give you eight quick functions: F1 = Visual, F2 = Roll up, F3 = Findup, F4 = Find,
F5 = Browse backward one page, F6 = Browse forward, F7 = Listredo, and F8 =
Exit.
Press the F1 key or use the Visual command to switch to full-screen mode, where
you can edit a full screen of text with the terminal keys. The Enter key passes the
revised screen back to Qedit, and the F7 key executes any Line command that you
type on the home line. If you have an HP terminal or emulator, you will want to
export RCRTMODEL so that you can use advanced screen features. See "Variables
that Drive Qedit."
46 • Running Qedit under HP-UX Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
To return from Visual mode to Line mode, press the F8 key. To save your changes to
the Text file, use the Keep command. To get out of Qedit, type Exit or press F8
again.
qux/keep
qux/exit
If you forget to Keep your changes, Qedit asks if you want to "Discard your
changes?" or stay in Qedit to save them.
Screen Mode for VT Terminals
Screen mode differs from Visual mode by doing edits to a line right away, instead of
waiting for a screenful of changes. Use PF1 for Help, PF3/PF4 to browse back and
forth in the file. You can enter new text right away (there is no concept of command
mode vs insert mode like there is in vi). Perform edit operations with control-key
sequences. To exit Screen mode, press ^E.
Edit Several Files at Once
Qedit's primary scratch file is called "Qeditscr." By default, this file is created in
/var/tmp (/usr/tmp is the default on older versions of HP-UX) or the path
name specified in the TMPDIR environment variable. The scratchfile name is
qscr.xxxxxxxxx where "xxxxxxxxx" is a random string generated by the HP-
UX tempnam routine.
If you want to move scratch files to a different directory, you can set the TMPDIR
environment variable.
TMPDIR=/home/user1/tmp
export TMPDIR
Keep in mind that Qedit works with absolute filenames and these names can not
have more than 240 characters. Whenever you use the default options for Opening or
Texting a file, your work will be in the Qeditscr scratch file.
How to Edit Several Files?
What if you want to edit two or more files and copy lines between them? You could
Text the first file, Hold the selected lines, Keep your changes, then Text the second
file and insert the lines. However, if you are doing numerous edits, the constant Text
and Keep operations are inconvenient.
It is faster to Text each file into an extra scratch file of its own. Then use the "Open
?" or the "Open *-n" command to switch quickly between them. By default, Text
always copies the file into the Qeditscr scratch file. However, Qedit can supply up to
eight extra scratch files. To Text a file called abcd into an extra scratch file, type:
qux/text abcd,new
When you Exit, Qedit checks whether you have any unsaved edits in any of your
scratch files. If there are some unsaved edits, Qedit prompts you to "Discard?" them
or to stay in Qedit to save them with the Keep command.
Starting a New Scratch File
Sometimes you start editing a new document and have nothing to Text to create the
extra scratch file. In this case, use the New command without parameters.
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Running Qedit under HP-UX • 47
/new
Qedit creates a new extra scratch file and assigns it a sequential number (1,2,3...). If
you use an Open ? command, you would see "Extra Scratch file #2" in the list of
files. If you do a Keep or Set Keep Name command, you would see the Keep file as
the Text name in Open ?.
Configuring Different Shells
When you log on to HP-UX, a program is run called the shell. The shell program
interprets commands, executes them, and controls command execution. Making
configuration changes requires that you know which shell you are using and what
files are automatically executed.
Bourne and Korn Shells
The Bourne and Korn shells execute the file /etc/profile when you log on to HP-UX.
They then look for a file in your home directory called .profile. If it exists, it is
executed. If you use SAM to add new users, the file /etc/d.profile is automatically
copied to the home group of the new user. If you want to make global changes to the
commands executed at login time, you should change two files:
/etc/profile {always executed at login}
/etc/d.profile {default .profile for new users}
C Shell
The C shell executes the file /etc/csh.login when you log on to HP-UX. It then looks
for the file .login in your home directory. If it exists, it is executed. Next, the C shell
executes the file .cshrc in your home directory (also executed any time you invoke a
new copy of /bin/csh). If you use SAM to add new users, the files /etc/d.login and
/etc/d.cshrc are automatically copied to the home group of the new user. If you want
to make global changes to the commands executed at login time, you should change
these files:
/etc/csh.login {always executed at login}
/etc/d.login {default .login for new users}
/etc/d.cshrc {default .cshrc for new users}
Setting Up a PATH for Qedit
You can invoke Qedit with the command:
/opt/robelle/bin/qedit
If you want to be able to just type
qedit
to invoke Qedit/UX, you must either add /opt/robelle/bin to your PATH or copy
/opt/robelle/bin/qedit to a directory that is currently on your PATH. Similarly, the
man pages for Qedit are found in /opt/robelle/man/man1/qedit.1. To make the man
pages available to everyone, you can either add /opt/robelle/man to your MANPATH
or you can copy the man pages to a directory that is currently on your MANPATH.
48 • Running Qedit under HP-UX Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
Bourne and Korn Shells
See the discussion above about the files automatically executed by the Bourne and
Korn shells. The easiest way to change the two PATHs for all users on your HP-UX
machine is to log on as root and add these two lines to the file /etc/profile after any
existing PATH or MANPATH statements:
PATH=$PATH:/opt/robelle/bin
MANPATH=$MANPATH:/opt/robelle/man
Remember to delete any PATH or MANPATH settings in /etc/d.profile, so that new
users do not override your changes. You also have to warn existing Bourne and Korn
shell users to change the .profile file in their home directories.
C Shell
See the discussion above about the files automatically executed by the C shell. The
easiest way to change the two PATHs for all users on your HP-UX machine is to log
on as root and add these two lines to the file /etc/csh.login after any existing path or
MANPATH statements:
set path=($path /opt/robelle/bin)
setenv MANPATH "$MANPATH":/opt/robelle/man
Remember to delete any path or MANPATH settings in both /etc/d.login and
/etc/d.cshrc, so that new users do not override your changes. You also have to warn
existing C shell users to change their .login and .cshrc files in their home directories.
Control Characters and stty
Most HP-UX users have Control-D configured as the end-of-file character and
Control-C as the interrupt character. If you use Robelle-style modify, you must
reassign Control-D to a different control character. If you are a former MPE user,
you may wish to assign Control-Y as your interrupt character. A standard shell
configuration file (.profile for Bourne and Korn shells and .login for the C shell)
usually contains a line like:
stty erase "^H" kill "^U" intr "^C" eof "^D" swtch "^Z"
To change both the end-of-file and interrupt character, you should change the "intr"
and "eof" control keys as follows:
stty erase "^H" kill "^U" intr "^Y" eof "^E" swtch "^Z"
Note that the end-of-file signal is required by many programs. Many introductory
books on UNIX assume that Control-D generates an end-of-file. You have to
remember to now use Control-E (at least Control-E is easy to remember since end-
of-file starts with the letter "E").
Qeditmgr Configuration Files
When you run Qedit, it automatically "uses" two configuration files if they exist:
/opt/robelle/qeditmgr and .qeditmgr in your home directory. The
system manager usually creates /opt/robelle/qeditmgr and puts Qedit
commands in it to set Qedit options. To check the options for your site, List this file.
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Running Qedit under HP-UX • 49
If you want a personal Qeditmgr file, create the file .qeditmgr in your home
directory. This file is in addition to the global Qeditmgr file which is always
executed first.
Default Set Commands
Qedit treats the Qeditmgr file exactly like a usefile, so Qeditmgr can include any
Qedit commands. The Set commands let you configure Qedit so it has the ideal
defaults for your shop (e.g., Set Lang Cobol ...). Here is a typical Qeditmgr file:
{These are default qedit values for all users:}
set lang cobolx all on
set x date list off {mark changed lines with date}
set check on {verify delete/format of >5 lines}
set list page on {lp listings interpret $page}
z=list */last {define z command}
For details on Set commands, refer to the "Qedit Commands" chapter.
If one set of defaults is not appropriate for everyone on your system, it is possible to
set up personal Qeditmgr files in each user's home directory. See the chapter
"Running Qedit on HP-UX" for details.
On-Line vs. Batch Access
You normally run Qedit as an on-line session. You type Qedit commands on your
terminal and Qedit prints responses on your terminal. If you redirect stdin or stdlist,
Qedit assumes that it is in batch.
Qedit in batch is almost identical to Qedit on-line, except for answering questions.
When Qedit asks a question in batch, no one is there to answer it. Therefore, Qedit
does not expect an answer from stdin. Qedit assumes that you want your batch task
to complete, so it always selects the option that will complete the command
successfully. This is normally a "YES" answer, as in "yes, clear the file" or "yes,
upshift the line". Qedit prints the question on stdlist, as well as the answer that it has
selected for you.
When Qedit encounters an error in batch, no one is there to correct it. Therefore,
Qedit normally aborts. However, you can use Set Autocont On to override this abort,
instructing Qedit to keep processing after errors in batch.
Command Line Options
You can invoke Qedit/UX with options, or an initial file name to edit, or both (or
neither). The syntax for invoking Qedit/UX is:
qedit [-csv] [filename]
See below for suggestions on setting the EDITOR environment variable so that Qedit
is automatically invoked as your editor from other tools like elm.
Initial Command Line: -ccmdstring
You can specify commands to be executed using the -c option before the file name.
The -c is followed by commands to be executed. There must be no space between the
-c and the command list.
If those commands contain a space, they must be enclosed in single or double quotes;
otherwise, the quotes are optional. When both -c and a file name occur, the –c
50 • Running Qedit under HP-UX Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
commands are executed after the file is accessed for editing. Here are some
examples:
qedit -cvisual myfile
qedit -c"visual" myfile
qedit -c'set vis ab 3 bel 12;visual' myfile
qedit -c"text abc;use fixit;k,y;e"
Editing a Single File: -s
Sometimes you want to invoke Qedit for a specific purpose, such as writing a
message in elm. You are using Qedit as a dedicated tool for a specific purpose. In
these cases, specify -s and a file name. You can only edit that file and it will be saved
on exit. You will not be allowed to edit any other files.
qedit -cvisual -s myfile
/exit
Save your changes (yes/no)?
Exit with Verify: -v
Some users find that they Exit from Qedit inadvertently by pressing F8 too many
times. To require user approval on Exit, use the -v option.
qedit -v
/e
Okay to exit [no]:
/
"Discard Changes?" on Exit
Qedit needs to purge your random-named scratch files when it terminates. But you
may not have saved your editing work yet. In that case, Qedit asks you "Discard
changes?" and will not Exit/Purge unless you answer Yes:
qedit myfile
/visual
/exit
Discard your changes [no]:
/
HP-UX Notes
This section describes features of Qedit/UX that interact with the HP-UX
environment.
EDITOR Variable
HP-UX utilities that invoke an external editor use the variable EDITOR to determine
which editor and run-time options are invoked. The electronic mail tool elm is an
example of a utility that uses an external editor to write all messages.
If you want to use Qedit as your standard editor, you need to set the EDITOR
variable. We recommend using the -s option for application use. If you wish to
immediately go into Visual mode, you should specify -cvisual as part of the variable
string. The following example sets the EDITOR variable to invoke Qedit and put you
into Visual mode:
Bourne and Korn shells:
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Running Qedit under HP-UX • 51
$EDITOR="qedit -s -cvisual";export EDITOR
C Shell:
%setenv EDITOR "qedit -s -cvisual"
Scratch File
When Qedit needs a disposable scratch file (e.g., for Text or Add), it creates a Qedit
format file in /var/tmp by default (/usr/tmp is the default on older versions of HP-
UX) or the path name specified in the TMPDIR environment variable. The scratchfile
name is qscr.xxxxxxxxx where "xxxxxxxxx" is a random string generated by
the HP-UX tempnam routine.
Keep in mind that Qedit works with absolute filenames and these names can not
have more than 240 characters.
Because all HP-UX files are permanent, Qedit must purge this scratch file when you
exit Qedit. If you have made any changes, Qedit asks whether you want to discard
the changes that you have made.
Hold Files
Qedit has two Hold files: Hold and Hold0. The first one is created using the Hold
command or with HH/HJ in Visual mode.
Lines are written to the Hold0 file every time you move or copy with the Add
command (MM, CC, and DD in Visual mode) or justify (JJ) or replicate (RR) lines
in full-screen mode.
By default, these Hold files are created in /var/tmp (/usr/tmp is the default on
older versions of HP-UX) or the path name specified in the TMPDIR environment
variable. The Hold files are called qholdxxxxxxxxx (explicit Hold) and
qholdxxxxxxxxx.0 (implicit hold file) where "xxxxxxxxx" is a random string
generated by the HP-UX tempnam routine.
If you want to have these files in a different location, you can set the TMPDIR
environment variable to the new path name.
TMPDIR=/home/user1/tmp
export TMPDIR
Keep in mind that Qedit works with absolute filenames and these names can not
have more than 240 characters. So that you don't have to remember these names, you
can refer to these files as Hold or Hold0 in Qedit commands. For example,
/hold 50/60 {save lines in the Hold file}
/open report.cob {switch files}
/aq last=hold {lines copied from the Hold file}
The value of TMPDIR can be a relative or absolute path. Internally, Qedit always
uses the absolute path. It converts the relative path if needed.
You cannot use Qedit to look at files in your current directory called hold or hold0,
unless you qualify them with the directory or a relative path name, as in ./hold.
The Hold files are removed when you exit Qedit.
Shell Commands
You can execute shell commands by typing them at anywhere you can type a Qedit
command. If Qedit determines that it is not one of its own commands, it assumes it's
52 • Running Qedit under HP-UX Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
a shell command and tries to execute it as such. If the shell command matches an
existing Qedit command, you must precede it by a colon (:) or an exclamation mark
(!). Shell commands are executed by your default shell (the one configured in
/etc/passwd for your user name).
If you want to enforce the use of the colon or exclamation mark prefix, you can enter
Set Limits Colonreq ON.
Shell commands are executed by a child copy of your shell. Child shells cannot
change environment variables in the parent's environment. To change the value of an
environment variable, you must first exit Qedit.
Shell Command History
If you use the POSIX or Korn shell, you have access to a shell command history
function. By default, the shell saves the last 128 commands you have entered. The
default name is .sh_history and is located in your home directory. If you want to use
a different file name, change the HISTFILE environment variable. If you want to
change the number of commands saved, change the value of the HISTSIZE variable.
Normally, you recall commands from the history stack by using the fc command.
This command calls up the default shell editor that works like the vi editor. You can
instruct the shell to use Qedit/UX as your command line editor instead.
The first step, which is probably the most important one, is setting the FCEDIT
variable. This variable specifies which editor you want to use to modify the
commands. The default editor is /bin/ed. To change the editor, use
FCEDIT='qedit "-c m ;k,yes;e"'
export FCEDIT
The export command is not mandatory, but it is good practice to include this
command in case you start up another shell process. Also note that the quotes are
very important. You begin with single quotes and enclose the Qedit/UX commands
in double quotes.
In the next step, you can use the fc command to recall commands. It has a fairly
simple set of arguments. You can also create your own set of commands using
aliases.
A typical set of commands would include:
alias listredo="fc -l"
alias redo=fc
alias xeq="fc -e -"
NOTE: You cannot use "do" because it is a shell-reserved keyword. The xeq
command is used instead.
The listredo command simply lists the most recent commands in the history stack. Its
default (no argument) setting lists the last 16 commands.
When you use one line number as the argument, listredo lists all the commands from
the specified line on. When you enter a few characters as the argument, the list starts
with the last command that has these characters.
listredo 100 {list all commands starting with number 100}
listredo c@ {list all commands starting with a "c"}
With two line numbers, listredo lists all commands between these two lines.
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Running Qedit under HP-UX • 53
listredo 100 105 {list commands 100 to 105}
The redo command recalls one or more commands and allows you to modify them
before executing them. It uses similar syntax to listredo. If you do not specify an
argument, redo recalls the last command you have entered. If you specify a
command number, it recalls that particular entry. If you enter a string, it recalls the
most recent command starting with that string. If you enter 2 numbers, it recalls all
the commands between these 2 numbers and allows you to modify them, one by one.
The xeq command recalls one or more commands and executes them immediately. It
works the same as the redo command. The only difference is that you are not able to
modify the commands.
Tab Stops
The default Qedit/UX tab stops are every 8 characters. You can override this using
Set Tabs Stop n (every 2 to 15 characters). If you Exit from Qedit with the tabs set to
anything other than Set Tabs Stop 8, Qedit resets your terminal to the default tab
stops.
When you Text or List a file with tab characters in it, Qedit/UX does not expand
them to spaces. If you want to edit lines containing explicit tab characters, see Set
Vis Tab. If you want to expand tabs into spaces when Texting a file, use the
Expandtabs option:
/text abcwork,expandtabs
Hardcoded File Names
Some file names are hardcoded into Qedit. This section describes these file names
for Qedit/UX.
/opt/robelle/qeditmgr
This is an optional file that is designed to contain configuration commands. You
cannot change this file name. Even if you move Qedit/UX to a different directory,
Qedit/UX still looks for /opt/robelle/qeditmgr as the default configuration file.
$HOME/.qeditmgr
In addition to the system wide /opt/robelle/qeditmgr, each user can have a personal
(optional) configuration file. When you invoke Qedit/UX, it reads commands from
the file .qeditmgr in your home directory.
/opt/robelle/help/qedit
This is the name of the Qedit/UX help file. You can override this name, using Set
Filename Help:
/set filename help /usr/local/help/qedit
Visual Mode
Qedit has a Line mode and two full-screen modes: Visual mode and Screen mode.
Visual mode is designed for HP terminals such as the 700/92, PCs running an
emulator such as Reflection, or "hpterm" running on a UNIX workstation or X-
terminal. If you are using another brand of CRT or a generic terminal emulator
54 • Running Qedit under HP-UX Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
(ANSI, VT100), Visual mode will not work. Screen mode is designed for VT
terminals, such as VT100 and VT220. Other terminal types may also work with
Screen mode.
By default, Qedit assumes that you have an HP-compatible terminal. However, you
can direct Qedit to identify your HP terminal by exporting the variable
RCRTMODEL with value 2. Or you can export three variables that define the
version of your terminal (see Variables that Drive Qedit).
Variables that Drive Qedit
Qedit has a number of environment variables that allow you to configure and direct
the execution of Qedit. These variables identify the type of HP terminal you have,
the default function keys, the default settings for the terminal G and H straps, and
other options.
When you run Qedit, it must identify the type of terminal that you are using and
determine what function-key labels to display. Qedit does status requests to detect
the model number and the current width of display memory. This information is used
to enhance the functioning of Qzmodify, Visual, Help and List. Qedit locks the
keyboard during terminal identification and discards any user input that manages to
get through. However, if you have Reflection typeahead enabled, Qedit cannot lock
the keyboard; be careful not to type during terminal identification in this case.
Qedit sets three variables to remember your terminal state: RCRTMODEL,
RPCVERSION and RCRTWIDTH. If you run Qedit and these variables are already
set, Qedit does not need to do the status requests of your terminal. To reset these
variables and force Qedit to re-identify the terminal, use the Set Visual Stop
command. You can set a fourth variable, RCRTSTRAPSGH, to request nondefault
handshaking in Line mode. The fifth variable, RLABELDEFAULT, is described
under "Function Key Label
Setting Variables in Your Shell
You must set and export environment variables before you invoke Qedit. The syntax
for setting environment variables depends on which shell you are using.
Bourne (sh) and Korn (ksh) shells:
$export RCRTMODEL=2
In some versions of the POSIX shell, you might have to split the previous command
in two:
$RCRTMODEL=2
$export RCRTMODEL
C shell (csh):
%setenv RCRTMODEL 2
Remember to always type the variable name in uppercase letters. The Bourne and
Korn shells do not allow spaces before the "=". To check your environment variables
use:
Bourne (sh) and Korn (ksh) Shells:
$env
C Shell (csh):
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Running Qedit under HP-UX • 55
%printenv
RCRTMODEL Variable
If you use either an HP terminal (e.g., 239x and 700/9x series) or a terminal emulator
such as Reflection, you can get Qedit to identify the terminal type automatically by
setting an environment variable. If you use a VT terminal, you should either not set
the variable at all or set it to zero.
If you set the environment variable RCRTMODEL to 2 and export it before running
Qedit, Qedit can identify your terminal, Reflection emulator or Qcterm emulator
automatically. This includes the terminal ID number such as 70092 or 2392 and the
Reflection or Qcterm version number such as 430. For Reflection, Qcterm and
700/9x terminals, Qedit also determines how many columns of display memory you
have set originally. On a PC with Reflection, Qedit detects whether your
combination of VGA adaptor and Reflection version is likely to switch into 132-
column mode whenever more than 80 columns of display memory are requested.
Qcterm version 2.0 or higher
is required to use Qedit's
Blockemulation mode.
Qcterm emulates a 700/92 terminal but can display 200 columns as well as 80 or 132
columns normally available on a 700/92 terminal.
export RCRTMODEL=2 {sh/ksh}
/opt/robelle/bin/qedit
Qedit/UX. Copyright Robelle Solutions Technology Inc. 1977-2000.
qux/verify visual {e.g., Crt=7009,Col=132}
Qedit takes advantage of any features that it finds, such as widening display memory,
enabling wordwrap if you have done Set Vis Wordwrap On, enabling Limited-
Immediates in block-mode, resetting display memory to the width it had at startup,
etc.
Instead of setting RCRTMODEL to 2, you can set it to the actual terminal ID
number, such as 2392. RCRTMODEL can have any of these values:
Value
Terminal
0
Assume that you are using a 2392-style HP terminal
1
Not using an HP terminal, don't check it
2
Interrogate the terminal to identify it
1234
This terminal or emulator is not fully-compatible with an HP terminal
2392,etc.
This is a newer HP terminal with labels
2393/2397
This terminal can have up to 160 columns of display
7009
A 700/9x terminal with 132-column ability
You would also set the RPCVERSION and RCRTWIDTH variables to describe the
rest of your terminal's attribute. When you use rcrtmodel=2, you don't set
RPCVERSION or RCRTWIDTH. Qedit does not update your environment variables
with the identity that it finds since a child process cannot change the parent's
environment on HP-UX.
Type 1234 Terminal or Emulator
Set the RCRTMODEL to 1234 if the terminal or emulator you are using does not
support all the standard HP terminal features. For example, you should use this
setting with hpterm. hpterm is a UNIX terminal emulator running under the X
window system. It's a basic 2392 emulator. hpterm will not identify itself to Qedit,
56 • Running Qedit under HP-UX Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
nor let Qedit change the display width by Escape sequence (although you can
configure the display width manually).
You need an X-windows server. A Unix/Linux workstation usually have this, or you
can download and install one of the existing X-window systems available for
Microsoft Windows such as X-win32 from Starnet Communications
(www.starnet.com) or Winaxe from LabF.com.
If you are not already familiar with hpterm, you should be able to start hpterm with:
/usr/bin/X11/hpterm -display 192.168.0.1:0.0 -ls
where 192.168.0.1 is your PC's IP address. The "-ls" argument requests that
/etc/profile and .profile be executed so your environment is set as if you used
login.
When RCRTMODEL is set to 1234 before you run Qedit, Qedit functions in the
following way:
1. It accepts hpterm as an hp terminal that is capable of more than 80
columns of display memory and of doing full-screen mode. At the
moment, hpterm cannot support the line-mode Visual strategy for HP-
UX 11 (Blockemulation). Qedit actually accepts any hp terminal
emulator without question, so this option may be useful with other
emulators.
2. If you set RCRTWIDTH to some value between 81 and 256, Qedit
accepts it as the manually set display width.
3. If you do not set RCRTWIDTH, Qedit attempts to sense the current
display width of hpterm and sets the jcw itself. The maximum width is
256 columns. Qedit can support up to 999 columns but, in these
instances, the width has to be entered using the RCRTWIDTH variable
or the Set Term Columns command.
4. Qedit sets the option that eliminates changes to display width: Set
MarginFixed On.
This option also ensures that the right margin is always set at the right
edge of the display width. Normally the right margin is set at the last
valid column of the file, which might be less than the display width.
You can use this option with other emulators if you wish to stop Qedit
from changing the display width.
Please read the section on Set Visual Marginfixed to learn about its
advantages and disadvantages.
5. The only way to change the display width with hpterm is manually. If
you use the Set Term Columns command to specify a new width, Qedit
prints the following message and waits for you to change the width
manually:
Please change display width and press Enter:
Qedit does not verify that you have done this correctly, so if you make
a mistake, do another Set Term Columns command to fix the width.
6. Set Visual Stop normally resets all the jcws to their default state,
forcing Qedit to re-identify the terminal. However, for hpterm, the
RCRTMODEL and RCRTWIDTH jcws are not reset, since the
terminal cannot be identified automatically. If you wish to stop using
1234 mode, you must reset RCRTMODEL to 0 manually.
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Running Qedit under HP-UX • 57
7. Set Visual Widen should normally be set to 76 or 80 (default) with
hpterm. Otherwise you will not be able to use the extra columns beyond
80.
RPCVERSION Variable
RPCVERSION contains information about the terminal emulator e.g. Reflection or
Qcterm. If you are not using a terminal emulator, you can set RPCVERSION to 1. If
you omit it or set it to 0, but you do set RCRTMODEL to 2, Qedit attempts to
identify which (if any) version of the emulator you are using.
If you are using Reflection, the version number has a direct impact on Qedit's
behavior in full-screen mode. Qcterm's version currently does not have any impact.
If you always use the same version and emulator, set RPCVERSION to the value
determined by this chart:
wXyyy, where
w=0 for display width can be expanded
1 for display width cannot be expanded
2 for 132-column VGA in DOS Reflection
X=0 for DOS Reflection
1 for Macintosh Reflection
2 for Windows Reflection
5 for Qcterm
yyy=version number (420 = 4.20)
For example, R1 for DOS version 4.30 with a 132-column VGA adaptor would be
20430.
You cannot do the :Reflect command if Xyyy equals 150 or 200. This same value is
shown in Verify Visual as {Reflect=420}; if it says "Col=80 max", this PC emulator
was unable to make display memory wider.
RCRTWIDTH Variable
Most HP terminals have 80 columns of display memory. However, 700/9x terminals
can switch into 132-column mode and Reflection emulators can have as many
columns of scrollable display memory as you wish. If you do not set RCRTWIDTH,
Qcterm emulates a 700/92 terminal but can display 200 columns as well as 80 or 132
columns normally available on a 700/92 terminal.
Qedit will query the terminal to see how wide display memory is at startup. Qedit
must determine the width of display memory in order to properly fold listings of
lines that will overflow that width, and to reset the width after it has been changed.
To change the Line mode display width while within Qedit, do Set Term
Columns.
Function Key Labels
You can set the RLABELDEFAULT variable to specify what function key labels
appear upon entry into Qedit.
Value
labels
0
don't care
1
terminal lacks labels
2
show user keys
3
show modes keys
4
no keys -- blank
58 • Running Qedit under HP-UX Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
5
F1 to F8 labels
6
Qedit's labels
If you wish to use Qedit's function keys in Line mode, set the RLABELDEFAULT
variable to 6 before running Qedit. You must have the G and H straps set to "yes" for
the function keys to work.
RCRTSTRAPSGH for Handshaking
The G and H straps of the HP terminal control datacomm handshaking. If you pull
up your Terminal Config screen, it should look something like this:
InhHndShk(G) YES Inh DC2(H) YES
Since these are "inhibit" straps, YES actually means "no, don't do the handshake." G
and H control whether the terminal waits for a DC1 and/or DC2 prompt character
from the computer before sending input (such as on terminal status requests, or upon
pressing Enter in block-mode). If the straps are configured incorrectly, the symptom
is a hung terminal (i.e., the terminal is waiting for a prompt that is never going to
come, or the terminal sent the data before the computer was ready because it didn't
wait for the prompt).
To override the G and H strap settings of your CRT, use the RCRTSTRAPSGH
variable. The default value for Qedit/UX is 3, which means no handshake (G=YES,
H=YES, inhibit both). A value of 0 means use handshaking and may be necessary if
you "shl" to an MPE system and use terminal-based typeahead. Unfortunately, a 0
value makes function keys lock up in Line mode Qedit/UX.
The valid values for the RTSTRAPSGH variable are as follows:
Value
G
H
comment
0
no
no
(handshaking active)
1
no
yes
2
yes
no
3
yes
yes
(default for HP-UX)
QEDITMGRTRACE Variable
If the QEDITMGRTRACE variable is set to a nonzero value, Qedit prints tracing
messages for the Qeditmgr configuration files. The trace includes the name of each
Qeditmgr file that Qedit attempted to open, each command executed from the file,
and command line arguments used to invoke Qedit.
QEDCURWFILE Variable
Qedit updates a variable, QEDCURWFILE, with the name of your current or last
workfile. This gives you the ability to reference the current workfile easily from
within a shell script without having to pass it in as a parameter.
QEDSTOREDPWD and QEDPROMPTEDPWD Variables
When the Qedit for Windows client establishes a new connection, it transmits
information about the passwords included in the request. Qedit updates two variables
with the information: QEDSTOREDPWD and QEDPROMPTEDPWD. The first variable
indicates which passwords are stored with the connection. The second variable
indicates which passwords are prompted for.
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Running Qedit under HP-UX • 59
Values for these variables only have one character: the letter U representing the user
password. Since there is only one password, the letter can only appear in one. The
other variable in this case is not created at all. For example, if the password is stored
with the connection, QEDSTOREPWD will have a value of U and
QEDPROMPTEDPWD will not exist at all.
This gives you the ability to reference these variables from within a shell script.
ROBELLE Environment Variable
Qedit looks for the files it needs in the /robelle directory. Normally, Qedit is installed
in /opt/robelle. For example, the Qedit server expects to find its log files in a
subdirectory called log/qedit. It would expect to find the error log file in
/opt/robelle/log/qedit/error.log
which is the default full path name of the error log. If you install Qedit in a directory
other than /opt/robelle, Qedit should be able to determine the new location and adjust
the path for its support files (e.g., online help for host-based Qedit, log files for the
server).
If Qedit is unable to correctly determine its current location, it is going to revert back
to /opt/robelle.
If you wish to use a specific path explicitly, you need to set the ROBELLE
environment variable to the new directory. For example,
ROBELLE=/usr/apps/robelle
export ROBELLE
There are two limitations to the path name: the full path name of the file must be no
more than 240 characters, and the path name to the /robelle directory must be no
more than 219 characters. A slash mark (/) is optional at the end of your ROBELLE
environment variable. To set up the log files in the new directory, you have to
manually create the "log" or "help" subdirectory in the alternate search path.
So, in order to determine the location of support files, Qedit goes through the
following:
• Uses the ROBELLE variable, if it exists.
• If the ROBELLE variable does not exist, Qedit tries to identify the
location it is running from and, if successful, determines the location
based on that information.
If the information from the previous steps is not available, Qedit assumes the files
are in the /opt/robelle directory.
Converting Qedit Files with qcat
Qcat is a filter program similar to cat and zcat. Qcat reads a set of Qedit files and
prints the lines on standard output. Type man qcat for more information.
qcat QeditFile > TextFile
Differences Between MPE and HP-UX
We have tried to make the MPE and HP-UX versions of Qedit as compatible as
possible. This section describes how Qedit/UX is different from Qedit/MPE.
60 • Running Qedit under HP-UX Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
Open/Shut
Qedit/UX uses three forms of workfiles: original, Jumbo, and Wide-Jumbo. The
Wide-Jumbo format is new and is used for most files on which you use the Text
command. On HP-UX, the original format is unable to save some information about
your file (due to technical differences in how the Qedit workfiles are stored on MPE
versus HP-UX). Once you shut an original file, the following is lost:
• The name of the file from which you texted.
• The current line number.
• The ability to immediately reopen the file and "Undo" changes.
• The settings for Set Left and Set Right.
For these reasons, Wide-Jumbo workfiles will be the standard in Qedit/UX.
Current "*" File Name
Qedit/UX does not allow substitution of the current file name into shell scripts and
commands, because the asterisk (*) is an important substitution character in HP-UX.
For example,
/cc *
cannot compile your current file. Instead, it compiles all files in your current
directory.
Missing Features
The following features do not work in Qedit/UX:
• Beginfile/Endfile commands.
• Hints are not available.
• Verify to a line printer.
• Any MPE-style command such as :Pause, :Run, etc.
• Proc command, except for Up and Down.
• I/O redirection of Qedit commands.
• Spell and Words commands.
• Out= option of the Listredo command.
• User Defined Commands and command files.
• The QEDITCOUNT variable
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit for Microsoft Windows • 61
Qedit for Microsoft Windows
Introduction
Here we describe Qedit for Windows. Qedit for Windows client lets you edit local
MPE/iX and HP-UX files from a single MS Windows program. It consists of a
Windows editing client and an MPE/iX or HP-UX editing server that work together
to edit your host files for you. To take advantage of Qedit for Windows, you need
both the Qedit client and the Qedit server.
Qedit for Windows uses the popular TCP/IP protocol for communicating between
the client and the server (this is the same protocol that you use to access the Web).
Configuring the Qedit server software requires creating the correct TCP/IP
environment for Qedit for Windows.
Server Process
Qedit clients can connect to Qedit/UX only if the Qedit/UX daemon process is
running (the Qedit/UX daemon process cannot be started from inetd). This process
listens for connections on a registered port number (described below). To allow users
to connect to the Qedit/UX daemon process, you must log on as root and issue this
command:
qedit -d
The Qedit/UX daemon process should always be running, so it is a good idea to
automatically start the daemon as part of the system startup process. On HP-UX 9.0,
this is done by adding the following command to the file /etc/rc:
/usr/robelle/bin/qedit -d
HP-UX 10.0
On HP-UX 10.0, you do not modify the startup shell script. Instead, you need to
create a number of files. HP-UX 10.0 documentation states that the following
characters cannot be used as part of the file names: [.,~#]. Otherwise, you can
choose any name for these files, as long as the names are consistent throughout the
process. In our example, we use qedit_server.
You first need to create a control file in /etc/rc.config.d. This file sets a control
variable that will be checked by the startup script. If the control variable is set to 1,
the server will start; if it is not equal to 1, the server will not start. We will use
QEDIT_SERVER as our variable name. The /etc/rc.config.d/qedit_server control file
will now contain the following:
62 • Qedit for Microsoft Windows Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
# ****** File: /etc/rc.config.d/qedit_server ******
# Qedit for Windows server configuration.
#
# QEDIT_SERVER: Set to 1 to start
# Qedit for Windows server
QEDIT_SERVER=1
Next, you need a shell script that will actually start the server. You should make a
copy of a file called /sbin/init.d/template.
cd /sbin/init.d
cp template qedit_server
Modify the file so that it contains the necessary commands to start the server. You
have to change all occurrences of CONTROL_VARIABLE to the variable name you
used in the control file (i.e., QEDIT_SERVER).
You also need the execute command for the server program. Insert this command in
the section after the 'start') string. The section looks like this:
'start')
# source the system configuration variables
if [ -f /etc/rc.config ] ; then
. /etc/rc.config
else
echo "ERROR: /etc/rc.config defaults file MISSING"
fi
# Check to see if this script is allowed to run...
if [ "$QEDIT_SERVER" != 1 ]; then
rval=2
else
# Execute the commands to start your subsystem
/opt/robelle/bin/qedit -d
fi
;;
Finally, you need a symbolic link to specify when the script in /sbin/init.d will be
executed at boot time. Typically, you would start the server as the last step at run
level 3. Get a list of all the startup files in /sbin/rc3.d with
ls /sbin/rc3.d/S*
Link names in this directory follow a set of conventions. The names start with the
letter S or K. S links are startup scripts; K links are shutdown or "kill" scripts. The
next three characters in the name represent an execution sequence number. This
number must be 3 digits, and its value should be a number greater than the highest
value on the ls listing. For example, if the last link is called S100nfs.server, you
could use S111qedit_server. Create the symbolic link with
ln -s /sbin/init.d/qedit_server /sbin/rc3.d/S111qedit_server
For the time being, you do not need a "kill" link.
Port Number
By default, Qedit/UX listens on port number 7395. This port number has been
registered with the Internet Naming Authority, so you should not have any conflicts
with other HP-UX tools for the same port number. If there is a conflict, you can start
the Qedit server process with a different port number. For example,
qedit -d5678
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit for Microsoft Windows • 63
tells Qedit to listen to port number 5678 instead of the default number (7395). If you
change the port number on the Qedit/UX server, you must also change the port
number on every Qedit client to the same value (5678 in this example). Client port
numbers can be changed in the Server dialog box of the Option menu.
If you want listings from netstat and other networking tools to identify the port
number as "qwin" instead of just "7395", you have to change the /etc/services file so
that it includes the Qedit port number.
qwin 7395/tcp #Robelle Qedit for Windows
Log Files
The Qedit server can only communicate with Qedit clients. To help system managers
see what is happening with the Qedit process, Qedit for Windows writes to three log
files: the access log, the error log, and the trace log.
Console Messages
.inx .inx If Qedit cannot access any of its log files, it writes the log message to the
system console. You can also enable console logging with the Debug command in
the Option menu of the Qedit client. If someone is having trouble establishing a
Qedit for Windows connection and the Qedit log files on the host do not include a
message for this connection, check the system console. If Qedit was unable to open
the log files, it probably reported the message on the system console.
Access Log
Every time a Qedit client makes a connection to the server process, an entry is
written to the access log file in which the IP address of the client is logged. Qedit
attempts to find the symbolic name of the client IP address by reverse name DNS
lookup. If this lookup is not enabled, Qedit writes the numeric form of the IP address
to the log file.
Error Log
Any error conditions encountered by the Qedit server process are written to the error
log file. If you suspect a problem between the client and the server, start your
diagnosis by looking at the end of this log file.
Trace Log
By default, Qedit does not log messages to the trace log file. However, you can
enable trace file logging by using the Debug command in the Option menu of the
Qedit client. The trace log file can grow to become very large because Qedit
messages are constantly being added to it. These messages assist in understanding
the communication between the Qedit server process and the Qedit client. In many
cases, their detailed information is the only way to diagnose a problem.
Log File Names
By default, the Qedit server assumes that the log files are located in this directory:
/opt/robelle/log/qedit/
If you have installed Qedit in a different directory, Qedit should be able to detect its
new location automatically and adjust the log files location accordingly. If you
64 • Qedit for Microsoft Windows Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
prefer, you can explicitly change the default directory of the log files by using the
ROBELLE environment variable. The three log files are called:
access.log
error.log
trace.log
Like most UNIX log files, these files will continue to grow until you run out of disc
space. We recommend archiving the log files in a separate directory and saving them
each week. After archiving, you can remove everything from the log files with these
commands:
cp /dev/null access.log
cp /dev/null error.log
cp /dev/null trace.log
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Issues and Solutions • 65
Qedit Issues and Solutions
Running Qedit with Reflection
Walker Richer & Quinn produces Reflection, the well-known terminal emulator for
IBM PCs, which can be combined with Qedit in a number of useful ways. See also
the section Variables that Drive Qedit in the "Running Qedit under HP-UX" chapter.
Alt-Y vs. :Reflect
Q: Why do some Reflection command files work fine when I execute them from the
Alt-Y command line, but go screwy when I execute them using Qedit's :Reflect
command?
A: Qedit's :Reflect command sends an escape code to Reflection to invoke the
command, then Qedit waits for Reflection to send back a status code to indicate
when the command is finished. While Qedit is waiting for the result code from
Reflection, it isn't capable of executing other Qedit commands - it's already
executing a Qedit command! The only thing that Qedit is capable of doing while it's
waiting is to execute any shell commands that Reflection might send to the HP 9000.
The reason why shell commands must be accepted is that Reflection sends a
command to execute unxlink2 whenever a file transfer is requested.
As long as the command or command file doesn't attempt to transmit any data to the
HP 9000, :Reflect will probably work the same way as Alt-Y.
For example, here is a Reflection command file that works from Alt-Y, but not from
:Reflect.
; EXIT.RCL
; This command file gets me out of Qedit, logs me off
; the HP 9000 and exits from Reflection.
;
transmit "exit^M"
wait 0:01:00 for "[no]:"
transmit "yes^M"
wait 0:01:00 for "$"
transmit "exit^M"
wait 0:01:00 for "terminated>"
wait 0:00:05
hardexit
Form Feed Causing Return/Line Feed
In Modify, the Lengthen control code (Control-L) means edit the end of the current
line. However, in recent versions of Reflection, ^L is executed by the PC as you type
it and causes a Return/line feed. If this is happening to you, you can change the
66 • Qedit Issues and Solutions Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
default in Reflection. Press Alt-Y for the Reflection command line, type Set Do-
Form-Feeds No, press Return, then type Save and press Return again to save the new
default to your current configuration file.
Completion Codes
If you are using version 2.00 or later, Qedit automatically enables completion codes
on Reflection commands. If these have been disabled with Set Disable-Comp-Codes
YES, you will find that your terminal hangs when Qedit attempts to execute a
Reflection command; just press Return to get out of this situation. To avoid this
situation, you press Alt-Y, type Set Disable-Comp-Codes NO, press Return, then
type Save and press Return again to save the new default to your configuration file.
Controlling the PC
The Reflect command allows you to execute any Reflection PC command from
within a Qedit usefile or shell script. This allows you to do things like automatically
download and upload files and run programs.
For more details, see the :Reflect command.
Accidental Exit from Reflection
If you use Reflection for DOS, and you press Alt-X while in Visual mode, some
versions of Reflection allow you to recover.
Get back into Reflection. Your usual method is okay, unless you use a command file
that performs other deeds, such as logging you on. A command file would send the
logon commands to a puzzled Qedit session, so use "r1" at the DOS prompt instead.
Back in Reflection again, press Alt-M for the Modes function keys. Ensure that none
of the labels on the display show an asterisk (i.e., are activated) except for the
Remote Mode key.
Press Return or Enter -- Qedit accepts either one. If you're back in your Visual mode
session, Qedit prints the status line with an error. It might be No // at the end, so no
UPDATE (see qscreen) or maybe Read error on CRT. Try again or reduce
speed. Type an asterisk after the home line arrow (===>), and press F7. If the
function keys are properly defined for Qedit, your file appears. Any changes you
made to the screen between your last update and the time you pressed Alt-X are lost.
The qscreen file is of no use in this case. Sometimes Qedit is slow to display the
status line and error message. If you see some flashing on the screen that hints at
activity, be patient. But if nothing happens when you press F7, or if random
characters appear right after the asterisk, it probably means that F7 is not defined
properly. But we can fix that.
Display the menu to define the function keys by pressing Ctrl-F9. To set these back
to the default values, press F3. The labels become F1, F2, F3... Press F9 to activate
the changes and go back to your regular screen. Pressing F7 should now work; then
press Return. Qedit may display an error message, such as "UNKNOWN
COMMAND NAME", but you will still get your file back. Again, changes to the
screen after the last update will have vanished.
In the worst case, you will not be able to recover. Log on from scratch. When you
open your file, Qedit will display the message: Warning: Recovery. Your file will
be current up to your last update.
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Issues and Solutions • 67
Changing the Exit Keystroke
The Alt-X keystroke for exiting from Reflection back to DOS is too close to the Alt-
D (delete line) and Ctrl-X ("re-think") keys. Accidentally pressing Alt-X and
shutting down Reflection in the middle of a Visual screen is pretty disastrous. WRQ
has added a "remappable keyboard" in Reflection that allows the user to specify
which keys perform what functions. The exit-to-dos function can be activated by a
different, harder-to-type key sequence.
To remap your keyboard in Reflection for DOS, first create a DOS file called
REMAP.KBM with the following lines:
KEYBOARD-ID = ENHANCED
TERM = HP
alt x = null
alt ctrl x = exit-to-dos
Then activate the changes by typing C:> KEYMAP REMAP.KBM R1.CFG at the
DOS prompt. See your Reflection user manual for full details. Reflection for
Windows also has a remappable keyboard, but uses a different method of
configuring it. See your Reflection for Windows on-line help or user manual for
details.
Files without NewLine Characters
On UNIX, files can contain NewLine (nl) characters at the end of each line.
However, the NewLine characters are optional. Some files have them. Others don't.
Qedit/UX requires that lines be separated by a NewLine (NL) character. If that's not
the case, Qedit/UX assumes the file does not contain anything. Thus, the Text
command might display:
/Text longfile
'Language' is now DATA
0 lines in file
If you run into this problem, you have to find a way to insert these NewLine
characters in appropriate places and break the file into manageable pieces.
Starting with version 5.3.13 of Qedit/UX, you can use the Length option of the
Text command. This option allows you to specify the maximum size in bytes of
each line. The file will be split in a number of same-size lines except the last one if
the total size of the file is not evenly divisable by the specified length.
If the file contains Newline characters, these characters are processed as data. You
should be very careful when editing such files. If you inadvertently remove one or
more of these characters, other programs might have problems using the file again.
Since Newline characters causes terminals to move to the next line, we recommend
that you use the $Char or the $Hex option on List commands.
For example, to break a file into 80-byte lines, you should use:
/Text longfile,length 80
Another way to accomplish this is by using the fold command.
fold -w 80 longfile > shortfile
In this example, the file longfile is broken down into fixed-length lines, each line
containing a maximum of 80 bytes. The result is written to a new file called
shortfile. It is then possible to edit the new file using Qedit/UX.
68 • Qedit Issues and Solutions Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
Once you have made all the necessary changes, you can put the short lines back
together by removing the NewLine characters. You can use the UNIX awk to
perform this operation.
awk -v ORS="" '{ print $0 }' shortfile > longfile
The Output Record Separator (ORS) argument is used to specify the character to be
inserted between lines. In this case, you don't specify any.
Because of a limitation in awk, you cannot assemble lines with more than 3,071
bytes. So, you have to remember not to exceed this maximum in the fold command.
Another option is to use the UNIX tr command and remove all Newline characters.
tr -d "/n" < shortfile > longfile
Lines, Strings and Ranges
Character strings can be used of line numbers to qualify lines on most commands. In
its simplest form, a command can have a single string using all the search window
defaults.
/List "enhancement"
The search string can be further qualified using temporary window settings as in:
/List "enhancement" (Upshift 20/50)
This example searches for the word enhancement regardless of the case used in
columns 20 to 50.
Qedit allows up to 10 search strings on a single command. Individual strings are
separated from each other with the OR keyword. Each string can have its own
temporary window.
/List "enhancement" (U 20/50) or "bug" or "customer" (1/30)
The search range can be different depending on the command it is used on. For
example, a List command searches all the lines in the file by default while a Find
command starts from the current line. The search range can be specified on
individual commands using a rangelist. A rangelist is often specified using line
numbers (absolute or relative), special keywords (First, Last, All) or characters (@,
*, [, ]). To define a block of lines, the user can enter 2 line numbers separated a slash
"/" e.g. 1/6.
It is also possible to define a block of lines using a string range. This syntax allows
the use of strings to define the start and end of the range. A string range can also be
combined with a numeric line range to further define the block. Here are some
examples:
/List "start-proc" / "end-proc"
/Change "a" "b" "start-proc" / "end-proc"
/Delete "start-proc" / "end-proc" 20/100
The List command above finds the first occurrence of start-proc in the file and
uses it as the range start location. It then finds the first occurrence of end-proc
starting from the start location. It uses that line as the range end location. Finally, it
lists all the lines between the 2 locations. By default, List starts at the beginning of
the file.
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Issues and Solutions • 69
The Change command above replaces all occurrences of the letter a with a b in the
lines between (and including) start-proc and end-proc. By default, Change
starts at the current line.
The Delete command above removes all the lines between (and including) start-
proc and end-proc found in lines 20 to 100. By default, Delete starts at the
beginning of the file.
A string range does not behave like a rangelist e.g. 1/20 in all cases. For example, the
first statement is not a valid construct with the second statement is.
/Delete "bug" "start-proc"/"end-proc"
Error: Linenum
/Delete "bug" 10/30
You can use the Find command and the ZZ marker to work around the problem. If
you enter a simple strings on a Find command, Qedit stops at the first string
occurrence and sets the current line. You can then perform any operation on that line
or use it as a starting point. If you specify a line range, the Find command sets the
ZZ marker to the block of lines. You then use the ZZ marker on subsequent
commands.
/F "start-proc" first
5 Start-Procedure.
(1)^
/F "start-proc"/"end-proc" first
Lines 5/11 saved in ZZ
/Delete "bug" zz
8 _bug-display-section.
1 line Deleted!
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 71
Qedit Commands
Introduction
Qedit operates in Line mode or Visual mode, depending upon the type of terminal.
The same commands are used in both modes. In Line mode, you do everything with
commands. In Visual mode, you do most editing with built-in functions of your
terminal, but use commands for some things. Line mode commands work in Visual
mode, and Visual mode function keys work in Line mode.
Here we describe the Qedit commands in alphabetic order. For each command, we
show both the longest and the shortest name that Qedit can recognize, as in Add [A].
Highlighted terms (e.g., linenum) and jargon words (e.g., "workfile") are defined in
the "Glossary". The Visual command is described only briefly in this section: see
the chapter "Getting A Quick Start with Full-Screen Editing" for full details.
General Notes
Here are general guidelines that apply to using the Qedit commands.
Abbreviations
Each Qedit command has a name such as List that you can abbreviate to any leading
subset. Thus, L means List. Some commands require more than one letter:
GARbage, DEStroy, RENumber, SHut, VIsual. You may append option letters to the
command: Q, T, or J. Q means "quiet", T means "template", and J means various
things, depending on the command.
list all {fully spelled out}
l @ {maximal abbreviation}
lq {list quietly}
listqt {list quietly, with template}
lqjt {list quiet, jumping, with template}
list $ {most recent external file name}
s dec on {Set Decimal command}
sh {Shut command}
Uppercase or Lowercase
You can enter the commands in uppercase or lowercase. Shell commands such as ls
and cd can only be in lowercase. These commands are identical:
72 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
LIST ALL {uppercase}
list all {lowercase}
Multiple Commands per Line
You can enter several commands on a single line, if you separate them with
semicolons. The maximum command line is 256 characters, and \ is not supported
for continuation. If you want to have an HP-UX command or a calculator command
in the stack, you should enclose it in parentheses. This prevents Qedit from passing
the rest of the line as parameters. For example,
List 5;!find . -name testfile -exec cat {} ; {fails}
List 5;(!find . -name testfile -exec cat {} ;) {works}
If the syntax requires semicolons and parentheses, you have to put the problematic
command in a shell script and use it in the command list instead.
Any error causes Qedit to flush the remaining commands in the line.
list 505;add *-1 {list line 505; add just before it}
shut;who
When combining Qedit commands, be certain to use the same quote character in all
the commands.
Wrong:
/c7/7"DISPLAY";c\.\\
Right:
/c7/7"DISPLAY";c".""
Comments on Command Lines
You may annotate Qedit commands by putting comment text in curly braces at the
end of the line:
keep sample,yes {update disc file}
Such comments are recognized at the "/" prompt, in usefiles, as well as Visual's
home line and Next? prompt and List's More? prompt.
Stopping Commands with Control-Y
You can stop most Line mode functions by pressing the Control-Y key. For example,
to stop an inadvertent List ALL, use Control-Y. To stop the Add, Modify, or Replace
commands, use either Control-Y or two slashes (//).
Implicit Commands
Some commands have no alphabetic name. In Line mode, pressing only Return
means display the next line and a backslash (\) means display the previous line, $
means enable Memory Lock and $- means disable Memory Lock. In either mode, ?
means Help, any line number means go to that line, a string means display the next
line with that string, and "^" means search backwards for a string:
55
find and display line 55 or higher
FIRST
find and display first line
;;;;
display the next 5 lines
\
display the previous line
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 73
-5
move current line back 5 lines
"string"
display next line with string
^"string"
display previous line with string
$
turn on memory lock at this line
$-
turn off memory lock
Function Keys
Qedit accepts the eight user function keys of HP terminals as one-keystroke
abbreviations for useful functions:
F1
Go into Visual; Update/Getnext if in Visual
F2
Roll the screen up 6 lines; browse
F3
Findup (find previous line with current string)
F4
Find (find next line with current string)
F5
Browse Backward One Page
F6
Browse Forward One Page
F7
Listredo (line) or execute ===> line (Visual)
F8
Exit from Qedit or Exit from Visual to Line mode
^1 through ^8 are another way of invoking the user function keys in Line mode.
Shell Commands
Qedit accepts most HP-UX commands and scripts. If the shell command matches an
existing Qedit command, you must precede it with a colon (:) or an exclamation (!).
See Running Qedit on HP-UX for more details.
Calculator Commands
Any command that begins with an equal sign (=) is treated as a calculator expression.
This feature can be used to compute temporary values and do conversions from one
number base to another.
=64,O
Result= %000100
74 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
Add Command [A]
Adds lines into the workfile. There are five varieties of Add that cover all the ways
you can add lines into a Qedit workfile:
NEW
Add new lines to your workfile from Stdin.
STRING
Add a new line from the command prompt.
COPY
Copy lines from one place to another.
MOVE
Move lines from one place to another.
FILE
Bring lines in from an external file.
Add (Adding New Lines)
Add some new lines from the terminal keyboard. Insert them at a given line number
or after it.
ADD [ linenum ]
(Q=no linenums, J=justified, T=template)
(Default: linenum = *)
The linenum parameter specifies where to add new lines and also determines the
increment between new lines. If linenum is 9.1, lines will be incremented by 0.1; if
9.01, then 0.01. If linenum already exists, Qedit increments it and begins adding after
the existing line. If linenum is 0, Qedit adds new lines before the first existing line in
the file. If you don't say which linenum, Add inserts the lines after the current
position (*). (See Miscellaneous Points below.)
Examples
/add 5 {add new lines after line 5}
5.1 line a {Qedit prompts with line number}
5.2 line b {you enter line of text and Return}
5.3 // {you enter // or Control-Y to stop}
/aq {add after * line; no prompt}
This is new text
// {end the Add command}
Temporary Workfile
If you do not have a named workfile Open when you Add, Qedit automatically
builds a temporary workfile for you. This file has a random file name and is created
in /var/tmp by default. If you want to have temporary files in a different
directory, enter the new path name in the TMPDIR environment variable.
TMPDIR=/home/user1/tmp
export TMPDIR
Keep in mind that Qedit works with absolute filenames and these names can not
have more than 240 characters.
If you make any changes to the file (e.g., by adding lines), Qedit will ask if you want
to save your changes when you exit.
Using the Tab Key
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 75
By default, Qedit defines tabs every 8 columns across the line (every 10 for
Qedit/MPE). You can override these default tab stops using Set Tabs Stop n (every 2
to 15 characters) or Set Tabs 5 10 22 28 ... for completely custom tab stops. When
you press the tab key as you Add lines, Qedit correctly inserts spaces in your lines
and skip to the correct column on your screen (assuming you are using an HP
terminal).
Overflowing Lines or Line Numbers
The Add command continues prompting until you press Control-Y, or you type "//"
at the end of a line, or you run out of line numbers. When you exhaust the line
numbers possible between two lines, Qedit prints "Error: Already". You can continue
by doing a range Renumber on the area where you wish to add more lines. Thus, if
your last line added was 4.999, use Renum 4/5 to spread out the lines between 4 and
5.
You can configure Qedit to automatically renumber part of the file so that you do not
have to renumber it manually. See the Set Visual Renum option.
Line Wraparound
If you enter a line that is too long, Qedit divides it into several lines. Set Wraparound
ON divides lines on "word" boundaries only. Any words that will not fit on the
current line are moved to the next line. If only a small number of words are moved to
the next line, Qedit prompts you to complete the line. To end the Add when this
happens, press Return before typing "//". If you are editing FORTRAN source code,
Qedit generates a valid continuation line for you.
Automatically Indenting Lines
AJ for justified is a special option to indent new lines. The linenum you specify must
be an existing line. You enter new lines beneath it. Qedit will then indent the new
lines by exactly the same number of spaces as the existing line. You can shift the
indentation left by typing {'s at the start of a line, or shift it right with }'s. To redefine
the { and } characters, use Set Zip.
Modifying a Line During Add
When you know you made a typo, and prefer to fix it now instead of going on, the
auto-modify character will help you. Enter the command Set Zip []@{}#, or better
yet, put it in your Qeditmgr configuration file. The # character (or other special
character of your choice) is called the auto-modify character. It allows you to modify
the line you are currently entering. Type "#" at the end of the line, and Qedit
redisplays the line for you to modify. When you are done with the Modify, you press
Return to continue adding new lines.
Miscellaneous Points to Note
If you have Set Left/Right margins, the new lines added will have spaces to the left
and right of the margins. That is, the line you enter will be left-justified within the
current margins of the workfile.
The maximum default increment between new lines is 1.0 (or 0.1 for standard
COBOL files). You can change this default with Set Increment.
You can ask Qedit to remove nonprinting characters from your input lines using Set
Editinput Data ON. If you do not wish to allow the extended Roman-8 characters,
use Set Editinput Data ON Extend OFF.
76 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
Add (Adding a String as a Line)
Add one new line, with the text coming from a string in the command itself. This is
handy when you need some literal text within a User Command or Use file, but don't
want to create a temporary file to hold it.
ADD linenum string
(Q=no linenums, J=justified, T=template)
(Default: linenum = *)
The linenum parameter specifies where to insert the new line containing the string.
Examples
/add 5 "new line"
5.1 new line
/add 10.01 "change datasetdata setall"
10.01 change datasetdata setall
Add (Copying Lines within a File)
Add lines by copying duplicates of existing lines.
ADD linenum = rangelist
(Q=no display)
(Defaults: none)
The linenum parameter tells Qedit where to insert the copied lines. The number of
decimal places in linenum tells Qedit how finely to number the new lines:
/add 50 = 1/9 {new lines will be 50.1, 50.2, 50.3...}
/add 50.10=1/9 {new lines will be 50.10, 50.11, 50.12...}
The rangelist parameter tells Qedit which lines to copy:
/add 50.1 = 1/9 10/15 {'1/9 10/15' is the rangelist}
Examples
/list 4/8 {how lines look before the copy command}
4 aaaaaaaa
5 bbbbbbbb
6 cccccccc
7 dddddddd
8 eeeeeeee
/add 5 = 7/8 {copy lines 7 and 8 after line 5}
5.1 dddddddd
5.2 eeeeeeee
2 lines COPIED
/list 4/8 {how lines look after the copy command}
4 aaaaaaaa
5 bbbbbbbb
5.1 dddddddd
5.2 eeeeeeee
6 cccccccc
7 dddddddd
8 eeeeeeee
/aq 5 = 5 {duplicate line 5 after itself}
Notes
Add prints each new line, unless you use AQ. When you copy lines, the rangelist
must not include the linenum (e.g., /Add 5 = 4/6 is rejected because it would be an
infinite loop). Qedit prints "Error: Already". The lines copied are not deleted from
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 77
the original location. You now have two copies of the lines (and a copy in the Hold0
file, see Add-Move).
If you have Set Left/Right margins, Qedit prints only the portion of each line within
the margins. However, it will actually copy the entire line, including the portion
outside of the current margins.
Add (Moving Lines within a File)
Move some lines from one place in the file to another, deleting them from the
original position.
ADD linenum < rangelist
(Q=no display)
(Defaults: none)
The linenum tells Qedit where to move the lines. The number of decimal places in
linenum determines the line number increment. For example, "/add 5.10<100/200"
creates lines 5.10, 5.11, 5.12, etc.
The rangelist tells Qedit which lines to move. Add deletes the original lines after
moving them. You still only have one copy of each line.
Examples
/list 4/7 {how lines look before the move}
4 aaaaaaaa
5 bbbbbbbb
6 dddddddd
7 cccccccc
/add 5 < 7 {move line 7 after line 5}
5.1 cccccccc
1 line MOVED
/list 4/7 {how lines look after the move}
4 aaaaaaaa
5 bbbbbbbb
5.1 cccccccc
6 dddddddd
Notes
Control-Y during a move stops the move, but it also changes the move into a copy.
The lines being moved in the current range are not deleted.
Add-Move ignores Set LEFT/RIGHT margins; it moves entire lines. However, it
only prints the portion of the line within the current margins.
When you copy or move lines using Add= or Add<, Qedit first puts the lines into a
"Hold" file called Hold0. It then counts the lines. If you do not have sufficient line
numbers to insert the new lines, Qedit stops and prints "Error: Already". Use Renum
to renumber the range of line numbers and then copy the lines from the Hold0 file.
See also the Hold command.
/list hold0
/add 55=hold0 {add from Hold file}
Add (Copying Lines Between Files)
Add lines to the workfile from an external file.
ADD linenum = filename [,UNN] [ rangelist ]
(Q=no display)
78 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
(Default: entire file)
The linenum tells Qedit where to begin adding the lines from the external file.
The filename tells Qedit which file to copy from. It can be any type of disc file. If
any of the lines are too long, they will be truncated with a warning. Use
filename,UNN when you are adding from a data file with numeric characters in the
last eight columns which are not really sequence numbers.
The rangelist tells Qedit how much of the file to copy. The default is to copy the
entire file. If the external file does not have sequence numbers, Qedit assumes that
the file is numbered from 1 by the current Set Increment. When you specify a
rangelist, Add leaves a copy of the lines from the external file in the Hold0 file, as
well as in your workfile.
Examples
/add 500.01 = abc {copy in the file ABC after 500.01}
500.001 abc line-1 {prints each line copied from file}
500.002 abc line-2 {prints new line numbers too}
/aq 5 = xyz 5/10 {copy in lines 5/10 of the file XYZ}
/l template "$page"(up) {list page breaks in a file}
1 $PAGE "xx" {select the template you want}
24 $PAGE "yy"
37 $PAGE "zz"
/add 5=template 24/36 {copy the lines between $pages}
/shut /dev/src/test.c {establishing "previous" file}
/new cust {open another file}
/a 1 = $ 50/60 {$ stands for /dev/src/test.c}
Notes
Add prints each line as it copies it, unless you use AQ. If Qedit finds invalid
sequence numbers in a file, it begins assigning "logical" sequence numbers using the
last valid sequence number and the current Set Increment.
If you have Set Left/Right margins, Qedit inserts blanks before the left margin in
each line. That is, the lines from the external file are left-justified within the current
margins of the workfile.
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 79
Append Command [AP]
Appends a string to the end of each line in the rangelist.
APPEND "string" [ rangelist ]
(Q=no display)
(Default: rangelist = *)
Append allows you to add a semi-colon (or any other string of characters) to the end
of a line (/AP ";" 5/10). Append prints each line that it changes. If the resulting line
would be too long, Append goes into Modify on that line.
Examples
/list 25
25 to the end of the line
/append "!"
25 to the end of the line!
/ap ")" 1/4
1 (redo function)
2 (modify function)
3 (append function)
4 (list function)
80 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
Backward Command [BA/F5]
Starts "browsing" the current file by displaying one page "backward". You stay in
"browse" mode until you enter any command (see List, jumping option).
BACKWARD
(F5 key does the same)
In Line mode, Backward and Forward (or F5/F6) throw you into List-Jumping's
browse-mode. Qedit displays a screen of text, where the screen size is either 23 lines
or what you specify with Set List LJ, then waits for you by asking "More?". Press
Return to see the next screen. Typing a line number moves you to the screen starting
at that line, pressing F2-F6 does the appropriate action, and F8 or "//" or Control-Y
or typing any command gets you out of browse-mode. At the "More" prompt, the *
"current" line is the last line displayed.
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 81
Before Command [B]
Repeat any combination of the previous 1,000 command lines, with or without
editing.
BEFORE
[ start [ / stop ] ]
[ string ]
[ ALL | @ ]
(Default: redo previous line)
(BQ=redo without change)
(BJ=listredo)
The Before command allows you to modify the commands before it executes them.
If you don't need to change them, use BQ or :Do. Commands are numbered
sequentially, starting with 1 for the first command entered and, by default, the last
1,000 commands are accessible. This numbering sequence applies only to the
temporary redo stack, because this stack is discarded when you exit Qedit. The
numbering sequence in a persistent redo stack, which is accessible across Qedit
invocations, continues between invocations. Use the :Listredo or BJ command to
display the previous commands. You can redo a single command, a range of
commands, or the most recent command whose name matches a string.
The Before command uses Qedit-style Control characters for modifying the
commands. The default mode is to replace characters. To delete use Control-D, and
to insert use Control-B. If you prefer HP-style modify (D, R, I, and U), use the :Redo
command instead of Before, or do Set Modify HP.
Examples
/ls /users/obb {"bob" is not spelled right}
/users/obb not found
/Before {redo most recent command}
ls /users/obb {last command is printed}
bob {you enter changes to it}
ls /users/bob {the edited command is shown}
{you press Return}
/listredo -10/ {show last 10 commands}
/before 5 {redo 5th command in stack}
/bef 8/10 {redo 8th through 10th}
/b ls {redo last ls command}
/b @temp {redo last containing "temp"}
/before –2 {redo command before previous}
/before -5/-2 {redo by relative lines}
Notes
HP-UX reacts to certain control characters which might conflict with the Qzmodify
codes. For example, control-D sends an end-of-file signal to HP-UX but is also the
delete character in Qzmodify. You should use the HP-UX stty program to change
the default end-of-file signal. Please see the section "Control Characters and stty" on
page 48 for more details.
If you wish to change any characters within the line, the modify operators are the
regular Control Codes used in Qedit:
Any printing characters replace the ones above.
82 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
Control-D plus spaces deletes columns above.
Control-B puts you into "insert before" mode.
Control-A starts appending characters at the end of line.
Control-A, Control-D, plus spaces, deletes from the end.
Control-T ends Insert Mode, allowing movement to a new column.
Control-G recovers the original line.
Control-O specifies "overwrite" mode (needed for spaces).
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 83
CD Command [CD]
Change current working directory.
CD [directory]
(Default: $home directory)
You can switch directories using the cd command. The cd command affects your
Qedit processes and any processes that you create. When you exit Qedit, you will be
in the same directory that you were in when you invoked Qedit.
Examples
cd /usr/local/bin
cd {return to home}
cd $HOME {return to home}
cd ~ {return to home}
cd $SAVEDIR {Error!!!}
The last example shows a limitation of cd inside Qedit. You can't refer to a directory
name that is saved in a variable, because Qedit simulates the cd command, instead of
passing it to your shell program for execution. Qedit does not simulate the shell
command processing such as variable substitution. (The three special cases for
"home" are hardcoded into Qedit's cd.)
In addition, a few things still do not work well when doing shell commands in Qedit.
If you launch a command in the background using "&", the jobs command will not
show the status of it. If you set an environment variable, it will not be set for Qedit.
Both of these problems are caused by the fact that shell commands are executed by a
child process which is unable to change the status of Qedit.
84 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
Change Command [C]
Changes one string or column range to another string in some or all of your lines.
There are two basic varieties of Change:
STRINGS
replace one string with another
COLUMNS
replace a column range with a string
Change (Changing Strings)
Replaces one string of characters by another string, the two strings being separated
by a single quote character.
CHANGE "string1"string2" [ rangelist ]
(Q=no display, J=verify, T=CobX Tag)
(Default: rangelist = *)
The string1 tells Change what string of characters to find. The default for string1 is
the last string used, and you specify this default via the null string (e.g., change
""xxx"). The null string recalls the last string and the window used with it. If the
target string1 occurs more than once in a line, Qedit changes every occurrence.
The string2 tells Change what characters to substitute. In this format of the Change
command, only three quote characters are used to define the two strings, not four as
you would normally expect. Another oddity is that string2 does not become the
current string. This is so that you can do another Change or Find command using ""
as the target (i.e., the last string), finding and fixing multiple occurrences of the same
string (e.g., find "nad"; CH ""and"; F; CH ""and"; ...). The third
difference of string2 is that a null string for this parameter actually means "null".
change "very"" 100 means remove "very" from line 100.
The rangelist tells Change what lines to search for string1. The default rangelist is
the current line only.
If string2 is shorter than string1 (e.g., change "Robert"Bob"), Qedit shortens
the line by shifting the rest of the line left. If string2 is longer (e.g., change
"Bob"Robert"), Qedit lengthens the line by shifting characters right. If string2 is
so much longer that the line would be too long, Qedit sends you into the Modify
command to fix the line by hand.
Change prints each line that it updates, unless you use CQ.
Examples
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 85
/list 55 {display line with mistake}
55 select lines contaning both of two
/change "contan"contain" {change string in current line}
55 select lines containing both of two
/change "sub"subindex" all {make a global change}
10 subindex = subindex + 1
11 table(subindex) = 0
213 if subindexway = 0 {oops-bad change!}
/cj "cust"Customer" 200/300 {change with user approval}
225 Display Customer {shown for approval}
Change okay (Y,N,or Modify) [No]: yes
/list 9 {display line to review}
9 The test results were very exciting.
/c "very"" {remove word, change to null string}
9 The test results were exciting.
/find "wiith" {search forward for line with error}
99 the string is combined wiith the second string
/c ""with" {change "wiith" to "with"}
99 the string is combined with the second string
Using Alternates to Quote
You may select your own quote character if you find " too much work because it is a
shifted key. Among the alternatives are \ : and ' (apostrophe). See the "Glossary" for
more on strings and other alternates to quotes.
/c :wiith:with:
/c \wiith\with\
Approving Each Changed Line
Use CJ to give yourself approval over each change before it is updated. With CJ,
Qedit displays the line as it would be and asks you for a Yes, No, or Modify answer.
Use CJ when you have trouble working out the precise strings to change.
Searching for Two Strings at Once
Because the rangelist can contain a search string, you can actually select lines
containing both of two strings:
/c "xxx"filename" all {"xxx" becomes "filename" in ALL}
/c "xxx"filename" "rename" {line must contain "rename" too}
Including a Window
The form of Change command just described requires only three quotes per
command, but does not allow all options. You cannot specify a special window - you
will always use the default Set Window value. To do a Change with a special
window, you must specify four quote characters, two for each string:
CHANGE "string1" (window) "string2" [ rangelist ]
Each string is delimited by two quote characters and the two strings must be
separated by a space or a comma. Between the two strings you may insert a window
such as (SMART) or (20/30) or (UPSHIFT).
Changing Within a Column Range
If you insert a column window, Qedit changes only the columns within the window.
Columns outside the window are untouched:
86 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
/change "CUSTREC" (10/39) "CUSTOMER-RECORD"
In this example, "CUSTREC" is expanded to "CUSTOMER-RECORD", but the data
at column 40 and beyond is not moved. In addition, the Change must not cause the
rest of the window to overflow.
Changing Uppercase and Lowercase
If you specify an upshift window, Qedit ignores the case of letters when matching
the target string. It will match words that are spelled with caps or without:
/change "JONES" (upshift) "Fitz-Jones" all
In this example, Change selects lines containing "JONES", "Jones", or even "joneS".
Avoiding Changes to Embedded Words
If you specify a Smart window, Qedit rejects those matches in which the target string
is actually in the middle of another word:
/change "FRANK" (smart) "Frank" all
This example selects "FRANK", but reject "FRANKLYN." You can combine Smart
and Upshift.
Patterns and Windows
In other commands the window can specify a pattern to match. In the Change
command patterns are not allowed, because Change cannot perform pattern changes.
However, a string specified in the rangelist portion of the Change command may be
a pattern. For example:
/change "CUSTREC" "CUST-REC" "@01@PIC@" (pattern)
{change custrec to cust-rec in all lines that}
{ also contain "01" and "PIC" in that order}
CobX Tags
Cobol tags are short strings stored in columns 73 to 80 of CobX source files. The
Cobol tag value is defined using the Set X command. Once enabled, updated lines
and added lines are automatically updated with the tag. They can also be modified
manually with custom tag values.
In its regular form, the Change command affects only the text area in columns 7 to
72. If you wish to make changes to Cobol tags, use the T suffix. You can think of it
as the Tag option. This option operates only on the tag area itself, columns 73 to
80.
/change "CUST" "SUPP" all
{change cust to supp in all lines. }
{ cust must be between columns 7 and 72. }
/changeT "CUST" "SUPP" all
{change cust to supp in all lines. }
{ cust must be between columns 73 and 80. }
To to this, the Tag option temporarily changes the margins to (73/80). Qedit
displays a warning every time this option is used. Because the margin values have
changed, explicit column range in a Window can only be between 73 and 80.
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 87
/changeT "CUST" (50/60) "SUPP" all
Warning: ChangeT: editing the Cobol tag area only (73-80).
Error: Window
/changeT "CUST" (73/80) "SUPP" all
Warning: ChangeT: editing the Cobol tag area only (73-80).
10 SUPP0102
1 line changed
Because the margins have been changed, Qedit displays text in the tag area only
except when the Justify option is used. In this case, Qedit prompts for confirmation
before making the change. It would be hard to determine if a line needs to be
changed based only on the tag value. So, when the Justify option is used, Qedit
displays the complete line. The user has the option to accept the changes, reject the
changes or manually modify the line. If the user chooses to modify the line, only the
tag is displayed.
Change (Changing Columns)
Replace some columns in some lines with a new string of characters. Use Change to
insert columns, shift text left, or shift text right.
CHANGE column [/column] [(window)] "string" [rangelist]
(Q=no display, J=verify)
(Default: rangelist = *)
Change replaces the target column range with the string in the lines of the rangelist.
You can use this to insert a string at a specified column. You can also use it to
replace, expand, or contract specified columns.
If you specify a single column instead of a range, Qedit inserts the string before that
column and shifts the rest of the line to the right. You can create new columns by
inserting blanks in front of a position (e.g., change 5 " ").
If you specify a range of columns, Qedit replaces that column range with the string.
The string may be the same length as the column range, longer, or shorter. If the
string is shorter than the column range deleted, the rest of the line shifts left. If
longer, the rest of the line shifts right. You can remove columns entirely by changing
them to a null string (e.g., change 5/7 "").
Examples
/change 5"|"all {draw vertical line of "|"s in file}
/cq 1/2 "" 10/15 {shift lines 10/15 left 2 spaces}
/cq 1 " " 10/15 {shift lines 10/15 right 3 spaces}
/cq 1(1/8)" " all {shift columns 1/8 right 1 space}
{don't change text beyond column 8}
/change 12/12 :: {delete column 12 in the current line}
Notes
See the discussion of windows under "Changing Strings". Those notes also apply to
column changes.
The first column number is usually 1, except for standard COBOL source files,
where it is 7 (seven). The last column number depends on the current values for Set
Language, Set Length, and Set Right.
Change prints each line modified, unless you use CQ. CJ asks you to verify each
change.
88 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
Close Command [CL]
Shut the current work file and remove it from the recently accessed file list.
CLose
(Default: none)
The Shut command is the normal way to close a workfile. When you Shut a file (or
Open another one), Qedit remembers the name of the current workfile in a list of
recently accessed files. This allows you to reopen the file using open ?. However,
the list is of limited size. If you are not coming back to edit the current file again, use
the Close command instead of Shut. This keeps other file names from falling off the
bottom of the list.
Examples
/open abc
/open def
/close {close "def" and forget it}
/open * {current file is now "abc"}
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 89
Colcopy Command [COL]
Copies one or more columns to a different location on the same line.
COLCOPY source [ /source2 ] destination1 [ /destination2 ] [ rangelist ]
(Q=no display, J=verify, T=CobX Tag)
(Default: rangelist = *)
Colcopy copies text in columns specified by source1 and source2 to the destination
columns specified by destination1 and destination2 in the lines of rangelist. Even
though Colcopy can modify multiple lines using a rangelist, it really operates on one
line at a time. You can not copy columns from one line to another.
Source and destination columns always represent the original location. All changes
are based on that assumption.
If source1 only is specified, Qedit copies just that column (length of 1). If
destination1 only is specified, the source columns are inserted at that location. If you
wish to replace a single column, enter a destination range where destination1 and
Destination2 are the same e.g. Colcopy 1 10/10.
/list 1
1 abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz
/colcopy 1 10 { insert column 1 at column 10 }
1 abcdefghiajklmnopqrstuvwxyz
1 line changed
/colcopy 1/5 10 { insert columns 1/5 at column 10 }
1 abcdefghiabcdejklmnopqrstuvwxyz
1 line changed
If destination1 and destination2 are specified, text in these columns is replaced by
the source text. If the source text is narrower or wider, the line is shortened or
expanded as needed.
/colcopy 1 10/15 { copy column 1 to columns 10/15 }
1 abcdefghiapqrstuvwxyz
1 line changed
/colcopy 1/5 10/11 { copy columns 1/5 to 10/11. Line expands. }
1 abcdefghiabcdelmnopqrstuvwxyz
1 line changed
/colcopy 1/5 10/20 { copy columns 1/5 to 10/20. Line shortens. }
1 abcdefghiabcdeuvwxyz
1 line changed
Trailing Spaces
Trailing spaces on the line are not significant. This means that a line can expand until
a non-space character reaches the current right margin (Set Right). However,
trailing spaces from the source text are significant and are copied in the operation.
If the line can not be expanded further, Qedit displays a warning message and allows
the user to modify it.
90 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
/list 2
2 abcd efghiabcdeuvwxyz
/colcopy 1/8 20 { insert columns 1/8 at 20 }
1 abcd efghiabcdeabcd uvwxyz
1 line changed
/Set right 30
/colcopy 1/5 30 { insert columns 1/5 at 30 }
Warning: Source columns could not be inserted. Please modify. (Warning
2)
1 abcd efghiabcdeabcd uvwxyz
1 line modified
Overlapping Columns
When source and destination columns do not overlap, the results are straightforward.
If source and destination columns overlap partially or completely, the results might
not be as expected. Keep in mind that:
• source and destination columns are always based on the original line
• the destination columns are removed
• the source columns are put in their place
Approving Each Changed Line
Use COLJ to give yourself approval over each change before it is updated. With
COLJ, Qedit displays the line as it would be and asks you for a Yes, No, or Modify
answer.
CobX Tags
Cobol tags are short strings stored in columns 73 to 80 of CobX source files. The
Cobol tag value is defined using the Set X command. Once enabled, updated lines
and added lines are automatically updated with the tag. They can also be modified
manually with custom tag values.
In its regular form, the Colcopy command affects only the text area in columns 7 to
72. If you wish to make changes to Cobol tags, use the T suffix. You can think of it
as the Tag option. This option operates only on the tag area itself, columns 73 to 80.
/ColT 73/74 79/80 all { copies content of columns 73 and 74 }
{ into columns 79/80 }
/ColT 73/74 75 all { inserts content of columns 73 and 74 }
{ in column 75. Columns 76-80 are shifted. }
To to this, the Tag option temporarily changes the margins to (73/80). Qedit
displays a warning every time this option is used. Because the margin values have
changed, explicit column range in the source and destination columns can only be
between 73 and 80.
/ColT 23/24 79/80 all
Warning: ColcopyT: editing the Cobol tag area only (73-80).
Error: The Sourcestart column (23) is not between 73 and 80
/ColT 73/74 79/80 10
Warning: ColcopyT: editing the Cobol tag area only (73-80).
10 ME0307ME
1 line changed
Because the margins have been changed, Qedit displays text in the tag area only
except when the Justify option is used. In this case, Qedit prompts for confirmation
before making the change. It would be hard to determine if a line needs to be
changed based only on the tag value. So, when the Justify option is used, Qedit
displays the complete line. The user has the option to accept the changes, reject the
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 91
changes or manually modify the line. If the user chooses to modify the line, only the
tag is displayed.
92 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
Colmove Command [COLM]
Moves one or more columns to a different location on the same line.
COLMOVE source [ /source2 ] destination1 [ /destination2 ] [ rangelist ]
(Q=no display, J=verify, T=CobX Tag)
(Default: rangelist = *)
Colmove moves text in columns specified by source1 and source2 to the destination
columns specified by destination1 and destination2 in the lines of rangelist. The
source columns are removed from their original location. Even though Colmove can
modify multiple lines using a rangelist, it really operates on one line at a time.
You can not move columns from one line to another. Source and destination columns
always represent the original location. All changes are based on that assumption.
If source1 only is specified, Qedit moves just that column (length of 1). If
destination1 only is specified, the source columns are inserted at that location. If
you wish to replace a single column, enter a destination range where destination1
and Destination2 are the same e.g. Colcopy 1 10/10. A move means the
original columns are removed and the line is shifted left. Then the source text is
inserted at the destination.
/list 1
1 abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz
/colmove 1 10 { move column 1 to column 10 }
1 bcdefghiajklmnopqrstuvwxyz
1 line changed
/colmove 1/5 10 { move columns 1/5 to column 10 }
1 fghiabcdejklmnopqrstuvwxyz
1 line changed
If destination1 and destination2 are specified, text in these columns is replaced by
the source text. If the source text is narrower or wider, the line is shortened or
expanded as needed.
/colmove 1 10/15 { move column 1 to columns 10/15 }
1 bcdefghiapqrstuvwxyz
1 line changed
/colmove 1/5 10/11 { move columns 1/5 to 10/11 }
1 fghiabcdelmnopqrstuvwxyz
1 line changed
/colmove 1/5 10/20 { move columns 1/5 to 10/20 }
1 fghiabcdeuvwxyz
1 line changed
Trailing Spaces
Trailing spaces on the line are not significant. This means that a line can expand until
a non-space character reaches the current right margin (Set Right). However,
trailing spaces from the source text are significant and are moved in the operation.
/list 2
2 abcd efghiabcdeuvwxyz
/colmove 1/8 20 { move columns 1/8 to 20 }
1 efghiabcdeabcd uvwxyz
1 line changed
Overlapping Columns
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 93
When source and destination columns do not overlap, the results are straightforward.
If source and destination columns overlap partially or completely, the results might
not be as expected. Keep in mind that:
• source and destination columns are always based on the original line
• the source columns are removed
• the destination columns are removed
• the source columns are put in their place
Here is an example:
/list 1
1 abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz
/colm 6/20 15
1 abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz
1 line changed
Apparently, nothing has changed but, in fact, something did happen to the line. Qedit
removed the source columns "fghijklmnopqrst" and tried to insert the original text
where column 15 used to be. Column 15 was part of the area that has been removed
so Qedit inserts the text where it should have been i.e. between "e" and "u". So, it's
putting the original text back where it was.
Moving Passed the Right Margin
Destination columns can exceed the current right margin. In this case, Qedit assumes
the columns should be moved to the end of the line. Effectively, the source columns
are inserted in the rightmost columns of the line. The destination columns do not
have to be a precise value. They just need to be larger than the current right margin.
If the right margin is currently set at 80, the following commands yield the same
results.
/v right
Set Right 50
/lt2
....+....10...+....20...+....30...+....40...+....5
2 abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz
/colm 1/5 51
2 fghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz abcde
1 line changed
/colm 1/5 88/90
2 fghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz abcde
1 line changed
Approving Each Changed Line
Use COLMJ to give yourself approval over each change before it is updated. With
COLMJ, Qedit displays the line as it would be and asks you for a Yes, No, or
Modify answer.
CobX Tags
Cobol tags are short strings stored in columns 73 to 80 of CobX source files. The
Cobol tag value is defined using the Set X command. Once enabled, updated lines
and added lines are automatically updated with the tag. They can also be modified
manually with custom tag values.
In its regular form, the Colmove command affects only the text area in columns 7 to
72.If you wish to make changes to Cobol tags, use the T suffix. You can think of it as
the Tag option. This option operates only on the tag area itself, columns 73 to 80.
94 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
/ColmT 73/74 79/80 all { copies content of columns 73 and 74 }
{ into columns 79/80 }
/ColmT 73/74 75 all { inserts content of columns 73 and 74 }
{ in column 75. Columns 76-80 are shifted. }
To to this, the Tag option temporarily changes the margins to (73/80). Qedit
displays a warning every time this option is used. Because the margin values have
changed, explicit column range in the source and destination columns can only be
between 73 and 80.
/ColmoveT 23/24 79/80 all
Warning: ColcopyT: editing the Cobol tag area only (73-80).
Error: The Sourcestart column (23) is not between 73 and 80
/ColmoveT 73/74 79/80 10
Warning: ColcopyT: editing the Cobol tag area only (73-80).
10 ME0307ME
1 line changed
Because the margins have been changed, Qedit displays text in the tag area only
except when the Justify option is used. In this case, Qedit prompts for confirmation
before making the change. It would be hard to determine if a line needs to be
changed based only on the tag value. So, when the Justify option is used, Qedit
displays the complete line. The user has the option to accept the changes, reject the
changes or manually modify the line. If the user chooses to modify the line, only the
tag is displayed.
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 95
Delete Command [D]
Deletes lines from the workfile.
DELETE [ rangelist ]
(Q=no display, J=verify)
(Default: rangelist = *)
Delete prints each line in rangelist, with an underline character after the line number,
as it deletes them, unless you use DQ.
Notes
If you do Delete All, you must answer "Y" to a verifying question before the lines
will be deleted. This also applies if you Set Check Delete is ON and you delete more
than 5 lines.
If you delete the wrong lines, you can cancel the Delete by striking Control-Y.
However, you must use Control-Y before you press Return on the next command
line. Qedit responds by printing "Undeleted" or "Canceled". Once you have typed in
the next command line and press Return, your chance to recover using Control-Y is
gone and the previous Delete command is final. You can still undo the deletion using
Undo.
Delete All resets the Set Keep Name (default for Keep command) so that a later
Keep command will not wipe out the wrong file by mistake.
Confirm Each Deletion
Use DJ to give yourself approval over each delete before it is carried out. With DJ,
Qedit displays the line (even if the Quiet option is used) and asks you for a Yes, No,
or Stop answer.
Answer No or Return to keep the line.
Answer Yes to delete the current line. Unlike the basic Delete operation where lines
are removed with the next command, lines confirmed in DJ are deleted immediately.
They can be recovered with an Undo command.
Answer Stop if you wish to stop the delete process. When you use Stop, lines that
have been deleted are not recovered automatically. Use Undo to recover them.
Examples
96 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
/delete 5/6 {remove lines 5 and 6 from file}
5 _this is line 5
6 _and this is line 6!
/dq 2 10/49 {delete lines 2 and 10/49}
/delete "."(1/1) {delete lines with "." in column 1}
{Implied rangelist is ALL}
/del "."(1/1 nomatch) {delete lines without "."}
/d "~"(pattern) {delete all blank lines}
/dj 3/66
3 this is line 3
Delete it (Y,N or Stop) [No]:
4 this is line 4
Delete it (Y,N or Stop) [No]:Y
5 this is line 5
Delete it (Y,N or Stop) [No]:n
6 this is line 6
Delete it (Y,N or Stop) [No]:S
1 line Deleted!
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 97
Destroy Command [DES]
Purges the current workfile, or a named HP-UX file, after first verifying with the
user.
DESTROY [ filename ]
(Default: current workfile)
The filename parameter can be the name of any file that you have write access to, "$"
to refer to the "last" file name mentioned in another command, or "*" to refer to
either the current workfile or, if none is currently open, the one just Shut.
Examples
/destroy /dev/src/test.c
/dev/src/test.c # of lines=162
Purge file [no]? Oui {that's French for "yes"}
/open ctemp
/des *
ctemp Qedit file, # of lines=15
Purge file [no]? {Return key means "no"}
File NOT purged
/list datapg2 {check contents of file}
/destroy $ {...then purge it}
98 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
Divide Command [DI]
Divides a line into two or more lines at specified columns. Divide can turn a field-
oriented record into a series of lines with one field per line. It can also append a
blank line after every line in a file. See also VV in Visual. For the opposite of
Divide, see the Glue command.
DIVIDE [ ( columnlist ) ] [ rangelist ]
(Default: columnlist = ], rangelist = *)
The columnlist parameter is one or more valid column numbers in ascending order
such as (10 20 30), or it may be a (]) for "after end-of-line" (i.e., append a blank
line). All characters from the specified column to end-of-line are moved to a new
line after the original line.
The rangelist parameter specifies one or more lines in the file. Each line is split into
two or more lines according to the column parameter. The default rangelist is the
current line.
The default columnlist is "]", except when the Divide command has no parameters or
only a "string" rangelist. Then the current line is split at the "current column". When
Divide has no parameters, the current column is "]". Following a successful string
match, the current column is the first column of the string position in the line(s).
Examples
/find "abc";divide {move "abc..." to a new line}
/list *+2;divide {move ahead 2 lines, add a blank line}
/divide (20) all {split every line at column 20}
/divide (20 40) @ {split every line at columns 20 and 40}
/divide (10 20 30) {split current line at 3 places}
/divide (]) */*+10 {add blank line after lines */*+10}
/divide (20)"Qedit" {split all "Qedit" lines at column 20}
/divide "Qedit" {split all "Qedit" lines at "Qedit"}
/divide (])"Qedit" {add blank line to all "Qedit" lines}
Notes
After a Divide command, the current line is the last line divided. To not print the
lines, use DivideQ.
Divide works within the current Left and Right margins. That is, characters to the
right or left of the current margins are not moved.
When working with COBOLX files, the Divide command does not consider the tag
(columns 73 to 80) as part of the data. This means that the current tag data is not
moved to the new split line. It also means that you cannot divide a line past column
73.
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 99
:Do Command [DO]
The :Do command repeats (without changes) any of the previous 1,000 commands.
DO [ start [ / stop ] ]
[ string ]
[ ALL | @ ]
(Default: repeat the previous command)
Commands are numbered sequentially from 1 as entered and the last 1,000 of them
are retained. Use the :Listredo command to display the previous commands. You can
repeat a single command (do 5), a range of commands (do 5/10) or the most
recent command whose name matches a string (do list). If you want to modify
the commands before executing them, use :Redo or Before.
Examples
/listredo {or /bj or ,, }
/do {do previous command again}
/do 39 {do command line 39 again}
/do 5/8 {do command lines 5 to 8 again}
/do list {do most recent List command}
/do ls {do last starting with "ls"}
/do ls job {do last "ls job" command}
/do @job {do last containing "job"}
/do -2 {do command before previous}
/do -7/-5 {do by relative line number}
/do 5/ {do command lines 5 to "last"}
Notes
To stop a :Do All, use Control-Y.
100 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
Exit Command [E/F8]
Exit from Qedit and return to the operating system.
EXIT [string]
The current workfile is closed and Qedit terminates. The F8 user key is the same as
Exit.
To close the current workfile without exiting, use Shut.
When you Exit, Qedit checks whether you have any unsaved edits in any of your
scratch files. If so, you are prompted to Discard? them, or stay in Qedit to save
them.
Examples
/opt/robelle/bin/qedit
/open qedit.doc {open file to work on}
/modify 2482.5/ {do some editing...}
.
.
.
/exit {ready to quit for the day!}
Notes
To avoid accidental Exit as a result of pressing F8 one time too many, you can run
Qedit with the –v option. This forces user approval of Exit.
The string parameter is only allowed when Qedit is running as a server. The string is
a message sent to the Qedit for Windows client. The client receives the exit
notification, displays the message and disconnects immediately. If no string is
specified, a default message is displayed.
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 101
Find Command [F/F4]
Finds the next line in the workfile that contains a string. Use Findup if you want to
search for the previous line. Find always finds a single line that matches a string. Use
the List command if you want to find many lines that match a string.
FIND [string] [linenum]
FIND [string range] [linenum]
(Q=no display)
(Default: string = recent; linenum = *+1)
Find defaults string to be "same as last string" and linenum to be "starting from the
next line". This saves having to repeatedly type the string and linenum. Once you
have defined your string and starting position, just enter "F" to find the next line.
Find does not start searching at the beginning of your file. Find will start searching
for the string at the line after the current line, unless you specify a linenum to start
the search. If you want to search from the beginning of your file, use Find string
FIRST.
The F4 user key does the same function as Find with no parameters.
Examples
/find "exit" first {find first line with "exit"}
45 this command will cause an exit from the
(28)^
/f {find next line with "exit"}
90 after you exit from a module, the program
(11)^
/f {continue finding lines...}
...
/f {...until you reach end of file}
Warning: No Line {prints error and rewinds}
Error: End of File
/f {next Find wraps around!}
Warning: Rewind to FIRST
45 this command will cause an exit from the
(28)^
/fq"$page"(1/5);m {find next $page and modify it}
/fq;c""exit" {find next string and change it}
/fq;c""" {find next string and remove it}
/f "start"/"end" [ {find string range and set ZZ}
Lines 5/11 saved in ZZ
Notes
The Q option lets you find the line without printing it. Use FQ if you intend to
Modify the line after you find it.
Find prints an error when the search reaches the LAST line without locating the
string. Then, if you enter another Find without a line number, the search starts from
the FIRST line in the file, after printing a warning.
To find/see all occurrences of a string in a file, use the List command.
When a string range is used and a corresponding block is found, the start and end
line numbers are stored in the ZZ marker.
102 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
Findup Command [FINDU/F3]
Finds the previous line in the workfile that contains a string. Findup can be shortened
to ^. Use Find if you want to search for the next line.
FINDUP [string] [linenum]
(Q=no display)
(Default: string = recent; linenum = *-1)
Findup defaults string to be "same as last string" and linenum to be "starting from the
previous line". This saves having to repeatedly type the string and linenum. Once
you have defined your string and starting position, all you need to enter is "^" or
"FINDU" to find the next string.
The F3 user key does the same function as Findup without parameters.
Examples
/findup "exit" last {find last line with "exit"}
90 after you exit from a module, the program
(11)^
/findup find previous line with "exit"
45 this command will cause an exit from the
(28)^
/^ {continue finding lines...}
...
/^ {...until you reach start of file}
Warning: No Line {prints error and rewinds}
Error: Beginning of File
/findup {next Findup wraps around!}
Warning: Rewind to LAST
90 after you exit from a module, the program
(11)^
/findupq;mod {find string and modify it}
/findupq;c""exit" {find string and change it}
/findupq;c""" {find string and remove it}
Notes
Refer to the notes under the Find command.
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 103
Form Command [FORM]
Displays information about a self-describing file created by programs such as
Suprtool. These programs store information about the record layout such as field
names, data types, length.
FORM [ $LP | $LPA | $LPB ] [ filename ]
(Default: filename = current Text file)
If filename is omitted and a workfile is currently active, Qedit uses the name of the
Text file (see Verify Keep). An external filename can be specified. In this case, the
name must be the name of the data file.
If the file is not self-describing, Qedit displays the following message:
Error: File is not self-describing.
Self-describing files on Hp-UX have 2 components: the data file and the data
description file. The name of the data description file is the name of the data file
followed by the .sd extension. For example,
/home/user1/mydata.dat { data }
/home/user1/mydata.dat.sd { data description }
The Form output looks like this:
Self-describing information for /home/user1/mydata.dat
File: /home/user1/mydata.dat (SD Version B.00.00) Has
linefeeds
Entry: Offset
CHAR-FIELD X5 1 <<Sort# 1 >>
INT-FIELD I1 6
DBL-FIELD I2 8
PACKED-FIELD P12 12
PACKED*-FIELD P12 18
QUAD-FIELD I4 24
ID-FIELD I1 32
LOGICAL-FIELD K1 34
DBLLOG-FIELD K2 36
ZONED-FIELD Z5 40
Entry Length: 80 Blocking: 1
LP Listing
$lp, $lpa and $lpb send output to a device associated with an environment variable of
the same name. For example, to print to the device called Laser with the $lpa option,
you must set the |4LPA| environment variable to Laser, as in |2export lpa=laser|. If
the LP environment variable is not set, Qedit will attempt to send the output to the
default system printer. But if the LPA or LPB environment variables are not set with
a valid device name, an error will occur.
104 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
Forward Command [FO/F6]
Starts "browsing" the current file by displaying the next page "forward". You stay in
"browse" mode until you enter any command (see List, jumping option).
FORWARD
(F6 key does the same)
In Line mode, Backward and Forward (or F5/F6) throw you into List-Jumping's
Browse mode. Qedit displays a screen of text, where the screen size is either 23 lines
or what you specify with Set List LJ, then waits for you by asking "More?". Press
Return to see the next screen, typing a line number moves you to the screen starting
at that line, pressing F2-F6 does the appropriate action, and F8 or "//" or Control-Y
or typing any command gets you out of browse mode. At the "More" prompt, the *
"current" line is the last line displayed.
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 105
Garbage Command [GAR]
Finds and recovers wasted space in the current workfile.
GARBAGE
(Q = no summary)
If you keep adding lines to a workfile and editing them, eventually you will get an
"Error: Full" message in Line mode or "File nearly full!" in Visual mode, and be
unable to add more lines. One method of continuing at this point is to use the
Garbage command.
/garbage
/gar {minimal command name}
Garbage combines partially full blocks to squeeze out free blocks, but it also
searches the workfile for any blocks that have been "lost" (i.e., are no longer on the
"free list" or the "text list"). It does not make your file any smaller, it just allows you
to continue editing by finding usable space within the file.
Garbage prints a summary of how much space it recovered and how much is
available in the file. The summary report can be suppressed using GarbageQ.
5 blocks squeezed out, 2 found, 55 used,
10 on free list, 9 for expansion.
In this example, Garbage reports that 5 blocks were retrieved via squeezing, 2 lost
blocks were found, 55 blocks are currently used to hold text, 10 empty blocks are
held on a "deleted-block" list (the free list), and 9 blocks are available if the EOF is
expanded toward the LIMIT.
106 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
Glue Command [G]
Joins a line with one or more following lines, either concatenated or at specified tab
positions. Use Glue to turn a list of fields into a single record-oriented line. See also
GG in Visual mode. For the opposite of Glue, see the Divide command.
GLUE [ ( columnlist ) ] [ rangelist ]
(Defaults: columnlist = ], rangelist = */*+n)
The columnlist is a list of ascending column numbers in parentheses such as (10 20
30), or ( ] ) for "after the end-of-line", which is the default.
The rangelist specifies which lines to combine. The default rangelist is the current
line plus n. When you specify a range of lines, Glue joins the lines in "pairs".
Examples
/glue {joins *+1 to *}
/gluej {joins *+1 to * with space between}
/glue;glue {join *+1 and *+2 to *}
/glue (10) all {joins lines in "pairs" at column 10}
/glue (10 20 30) {joins 4 lines into 1 record}
/glue "string" {glue "string" lines to lines that follow}
Notes
If there are not enough lines at the end of a rangelist to fill in each column of the list,
Glue does not go beyond the rangelist. If there is not enough room to move all of the
characters into the line, as many characters as will fit are moved, the following line is
not deleted, and Qedit prints an "overflow" warning.
After a Glue command, the current line is the line last spliced together. To suppress
printing of the spliced lines, use GlueQ.
If you don't specify a list of column fields, Glue removes leading spaces from the
following lines before moving them. To insert a single space between them, use
GlueJ instead. If you do specify columnar fields, Glue treats spaces as valid data and
moves them intact. If you specify more than one field, some nonblank data may be
overwritten if the columns are too close together or the lines to be glued are too long.
You can always use Undo to cancel a Glue command.
If Left or Right margins have been Set, only the text within the margins is copied and
the following lines are not deleted.
When editing COBOLX files, the tag area (columns 73 to 80) is not considered part
of the data. This means that the tag string on the next line is not moved to the new
line. It also means you cannot glue to columns past 73.
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 107
Help Command [H/?]
Gives instructions on the use of Qedit. Everything in the Qedit User Manual is also
in the Help command. "?" means the same as Help.
HELP [ command [ ,keyword ] ]
[ TERMS [ ,word] ]
[ INTRO ]
[ NEWS ]
(Default: browse through the entire help file)
(Q = Quick Reference Guide "Quick Help")
The parameters have the following meaning:
command explains command; lists subsidiary keywords to select.
command,keyword finds keyword under command.
command,@ prints everything about the command.
TERMS [,word] explains word (see "Glossary").
INTRO explains how to apply Qedit to typical problems.
NEWS shows any new features in Qedit.
Examples
/h text {explain the Text command and show sub-keywords}
/h text,@ {tell all about Text. Comma is required}
Quick Help - HQ
HQ looks for entries under the keyword Quick in the helpfile. Quick contains the text
from the Qedit Quick Reference Guide, offering the experienced user a review of
command syntax.
/hq visual {full-screen options}
/hq shortcuts {quick list of shortcuts}
Notes
The help file must be on the system for the Help command to work. If the file is
missing, Qedit still works fine, but you cannot get any on-line help. The default file
name is /opt/robelle/help/qedit. Within the Help command, use "+" to see what levels
exist "beneath" you and "?" for "help on Help". The help file is organized into levels:
to go back to the previous level, press Return instead of entering a keyword. Press F8
to exit the QHELP subsystem completely and return to Qedit. Use the Prev Page (or
Page Up) key on your terminal to review help already printed.
108 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
Hold Command [HO]
Lets you explicitly write lines to the Hold file.
HOLD [ filename ] [ rangelist ]
(Default: hold current line)
(Q=hold without display)
(J=append, without erasing)
You can refer to the current contents of the Hold file by the actual file name, "hold",
in any of the commands that access external files (Add-File, List, Use).
Examples
/hold 50/60 {erase Hold, hold lines}
/holdj 100/198 {append more lines to Hold}
/ho "direct" {hold lines with string}
/open abc.src
/add 33=hold {adds held lines to abc.src}
/holdq /etc/profile
/list hold
Implicit Hold
When using the Add command to move or copy lines within a file, Qedit overwrites
a file named Hold0 with a copy of the lines. It counts the lines and tries to select a
line number increment that will accommodate the number of lines being added to
your workfile. So, if the command fails or if you wish to copy the same lines again,
you can refer to the Hold0 file. Adding from an external file also holds the lines if
you specify a rangelist for the file, and if the file is not the Hold file itself.
/add 55=hold0
/list hold0 {the Hold file is temporary}
Notes
By default, the Hold files are created in /var/tmp (/usr/tmp is the default on older
versions of HP-UX). If you want to keep your Hold files in a different location, you
can enter the new path name in the TMPDIR environment variable.
TMPDIR=/home/user1/tmp
export TMPDIR
The file name starts with "qhold" and ends with a random string of characters. The
Hold0 file ends with ".0". Keep in mind that Qedit works with absolute filenames
and these names can not have more than 240 characters.
Every time you use "hold" or "hold0" by themselves as a file name in any command,
Qedit replaces the word with the fully-qualified file name of the appropriate Hold
file.
/Add 1=hold
translates to
/Add 1=/var/tmp/qholdDAAa05429.0
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 109
Justify Command [J]
With Justify, you can do text formatting: center lines, right-justify lines, left-justify
lines, and fill text into margins.
JUSTIFY [option] [keyword ...] [rangelist]
(Q=no display)
(Default option: Null or Set Justify)
When the Justify command is processing the range of lines you specified, if you
decide not to continue, press Control-Y to stop the formatting.
Options Specify Which Function
Justify Right
right-justify each line
Justify Center
center each line
Justify Centre
Canadian spelling!
Justify Left
remove leading spaces
Justify Format
fill lines, ragged right margin
Justify Both
fill lines, straight right margin
Justify Null
default - no changes - safety
Keyword Parameters of Justify
MARGIN column
right edge, relative to left
TWO [ ON|OFF ]
maintain 2 spaces after . ? and !
INDENT spaces
indentation for list of points
WITHINDENT
activate configured indentation
STOP "chars"
break justification when found
START "chars"
start new paragraph
You may shorten options and keywords to the leading letters.
Rangelist Specifies Which Lines
For the Format and Both options, the rangelist specifies some lines to format.
Warning: if you type a single line number (e.g., just both 5), Qedit begins
formatting lines from that line number to the end of the paragraph. Qedit sees blank
lines as end-of-paragraph markers, so if you justify format all you end up
with smooth and even chunks of text, set off by blank lines. This is one of the few
places in Qedit where a single line number implies a range of lines.
For the Left, Right and Center options, a single line rangelist means a single line.
But, you can specify a "string" rangelist to center or justify only lines containing a
string. Specifying a "string" rangelist with the Format or Both options is equivalent
to specifying a single line number i.e. formatting starts with the line which has the
string and continues to the end of the paragraph.
Verification Before Formatting
110 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
If Set Check Justify is ON, Justify Format and Both require user verification before
formatting more than 5 lines. This should eliminate inadvertent formatting of entire
source programs!
You can also use the Undo command to undo the effects of the Justify command.
Left and Right Edges for Justify
Justify works within borders called the left and right edge. The left edge is usually
column 1, or column seven 7 in standard COBOL. The right edge is usually the
highest column number allowed in the file (e.g., 80 for JOB files). However, if you
use Set Left and Set Right to create margins for your file, Justify operates within
those limits. Set Left will be the left edge and Set Right will be the right edge. You
can also use the Margin keyword to establish the right edge for Justify, but remember
that this edge is relative to any Set Left value.
Examples
/justify center 5/6 {center lines 5 through 6}
/j right 5/6 {right-justify lines 5 through 6}
/j left 5/6 {left-justify lines 5 through 6}
/j format 5/50 {format lines 5/50 into margins}
/j f 5/6 {splice lines 5 and 6 into one line}
/j both 5 {format a paragraph, even right edge,}
{ from line 5 to the next blank line}
Right Justifying Lines
Justify Right shifts each line of rangelist to the right until the last nonblank character
is at the right edge. For example:
/justify right margin 50 rangelist
Input lines:
Robelle Solutions Technology Inc.
Tools for HP3000
Output lines:
Robelle Solutions Technology Inc.
Tools for HP3000
Centering Lines
Justify Center adjusts each rangelist line so that it is centered between the left edge
and the right edge. For example:
/justify center margin 50 rangelist
Input lines:
Robelle Solutions Technology Inc.
Tools for HP3000
Output lines:
Robelle Solutions Technology Inc.
Tools for HP3000
Left Justifying Lines
Justify Left removes leading spaces from each rangelist line, until the left-most
nonblank character is at the left edge. This will left-justify the lines. Use for this
option to recover from an inadvertent Center or Right option. For example:
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 111
/justify left rangelist
Input lines:
Robelle Solutions Technology Inc.
Tools for HP3000
Output lines:
Robelle Solutions Technology Inc.
Tools for HP3000
Filling Words into Tidy Paragraphs
Justify Format adjusts the processed lines so that the words fill the space between the
left edge and the right edge, but allows the right edge to be ragged:
/justify format margin 50 rangelist
Input lines:
The Format keyword performs a
function which is equivalent to .ad l
(left-justify) in nroff and troff.
Uneven lines are converted into lines
of about the same length.
Output lines:
The Format keyword performs a function which
is equivalent to .ad l (left-justify) in
nroff and troff. Uneven lines are converted
into lines of about the same length.
Making Both Edges Even
Justify Both is similar to Justify Format, except that both the left and right edges of
the text are even. This is accomplished by inserting blanks between words. For
example:
/justify both margin 50 rangelist
Input lines:
The Both keyword performs a
function which is equivalent to .ad b
(adjust both) in nroff and troff. Uneven
lines are converted into lines
of exactly the same length.
Output lines:
The Both keyword performs a function which is
equivalent to .ad b (adjust both) in nroff and
troff. Uneven lines are converted into lines of
exactly the same length.
Null Option
Justify Null is included as an option to serve as a default. If Both were the default
option, most of your file would be quickly formatted if you accidentally typed "J 5"
instead of "LJ 5".
Configuring the Justify Command
The five options (Right, Center, Left, Format, and Both) and the four keywords
(Margin, Two, Indent, and Withindent), configure the Justify command. The
hierarchy of configuration values is as follows:
Startup default (the "default default")
112 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
overridden by
SET Justify (the configured default)
overridden by
Keywords in Justify command
You set your own defaults for the Justify option and keyword values using Set
Justify. Once you find the setting you like, you may want to put them in your
Qeditmgr configuration file so you won't have to do the Set Justify command every
time you run Qedit. For example:
/set justify null margin 50 two on
causes
/justify both 5
to be interpreted as
/justify both margin 50 two on 5
but you can override your own defaults, as in
/justify both margin 60 10/20
which merges with your Set Justify values to produce
/justify both margin 60 two on 10/20
Configuring the Right Edge
The Margin keyword specifies the right-most column for processed lines. This
column is needed for the Right, Center, Format and Both options. The value you
specify is relative to any Set Left margin that is effective at the time of the Justify
command.
Determining the Left Edge
For the Both and Format options, the left margin is determined by looking at the first
and second lines of each "paragraph". If the first and second line are indented, the
entire paragraph will be indented. Of course, this indentation is relative to any Set
Left.
/justify both margin 50 linenum
Input lines:
The Both keyword performs a
function which is equivalent to
.ad b (adjust both) in nroff and troff.
Uneven lines are converted into lines
of exactly the same length.
Output lines:
The Both keyword performs a function which is
equivalent to .ad b (adjust both) in nroff
and troff. Uneven lines are converted into
lines of exactly the same length.
Two Spaces at End of Sentence
Normally, when Qedit adjusts text with Format and Both, it inserts one space
between each symbol, regardless of the number of spaces between symbols in the
input text. If the Two keyword is ON, Justify maintains two blanks after the end of a
sentence (i.e., after a . ? or !, or one of those three followed by a quote mark or a
right parenthesis and a space). The default for this keyword is OFF.
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 113
Justify does not insert two spaces if the input only contains one; it merely maintains
two spaces if they are there already (this means you don't have to worry about getting
two spaces in a name like Calvin C. Cook).
/justify format two on margin 70 99.5/
Formatting a List of Points
The Indent keyword is a special capability for handling lists of numbered points (1.,
2., 3., ...). It assumes that your text is indented and that the numbers for each point
appear to the left of that indentation. The Indent parameter specifies the number of
spaces at the start of each line that will not contain text to format. Justify leaves
anything to the left of this border "as is". In fact, the existence of text to the left of
the border acts as an "end-of-point" indicator, eliminating the need for a blank line
between points to stop the justification. Indent is relative to any Set Left.
The end of each point in a list is effectively an end of paragraph. Here is a sample of
what happens when you attempt to format a list of points without the Indent
keyword:
/justify both margin 50 rangelist
Input lines:
1. Text which occurs in
a list of points should also
be formatted into even lines.
2. Any text to the left of column 5
causes a
"justification break".
Output lines:
1. Text which occurs in a list of points should
also be formatted into even lines. 2. Any
text to the left of column 5 causes a
"justification break".
All of the points have been run together into a single point. You can avoid this result
by inserting a blank line at each point, or by doing Justify on each point individually,
or by using the Indent keyword:
/justify both margin 50 indent 4 rangelist
Input lines:
1. Text which occurs in
a list of points should also
be formatted into even lines.
2. Any text to the left of column 5
causes a
"justification break".
Output lines:
1. Text which occurs in a list of points should
also be formatted into even lines.
2. Any text to the left of column 5 causes a
"justification break".
Activating Indentation
Withindent activates an Indent value that you have previously configured with Set
Justify Indent. Withindent allows you to settle on a single indentation for all "lists of
points" without having to respecify that value on every Justify command. You
merely specify Withindent when you format a list of points:
114 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
/set justify indent 4 {configure potential indentation}
/justify format 5 {this is not a list of points}
/just f with 9 {this is a list of points}
Justification Breaks and Formatting Commands
Justify has options to define characters that start and/or stop justification when found
in column one. These options make it much easier to justify text in files which
contain embedded commands and special characters for a format program (e.g.,
Prose, TDP, etc.). The specific characters are defined using the Start and Stop
options:
/set justify stop ".+" start "` "
This command says that any line with "." or "+" in column one stops text
justification and that line is not changed. Any line with "`" or " " (space) in column
one ends justification of the previous paragraph and signals a new paragraph (i.e.,
that line is formatted as part of the next paragraph).
It's important to note that a "string" rangelist has precedence over Start and Stop
characters. In other words, the latter options are ignored.
Here is an example which justifies some text from a Robelle document that consists
of both text and embedded Prose formatting directives. Note that lines beginning
with "." and "+" are not altered, and the line beginning with "`" properly appears as a
new paragraph.
/justify start "` " stop ".+" margin 50 format all
Input lines:
.for([ T S:40 // l55 / "-" pn:1 "-" /]
+ [ S T:40 // l55 / "-" pn:1 "-" /])
.par(f` p5 s1 u3).com Define ` as Start of Paragraph
.ent `|1Welcome to Compare|
.beginkey compare
Welcome to version 2.2 of Compare -- a
file comparison program for text files.
`Compare answers the question,
"How different are these two text files?"
Compare will tell you whether lines
have been added, or whether a block of
lines is now different.
Output lines:
.for([ T S:40 // l55 / "-" pn:1 "-" /]
+ [ S T:40 // l55 / "-" pn:1 "-" /])
.par(f` p5 s1 u3).com Define ` as Start of Paragraph
.ent `|1Welcome to Compare|
.beginkey compare
Welcome to version 2.2 of Compare -- a file
comparison program for text files.
`Compare answers the question, "How different are
these two text files?" Compare will tell you
whether lines have been added, or whether a block
of lines is now different.
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 115
Keep Command [K]
Creates a standard disc file and writes the workfile into it. Keep is the reverse of
Text, which copies a standard disc file into a workfile that you can edit. Use Text
when you need to duplicate a file.
KEEP [filename][,options] [ rangelist ]
(Q=no linenums)
(Defaults: rangelist=ALL, filename=last)
Keep Options
Qedit allows several options on the Keep command. Note that the comma preceding
the option name is mandatory, and that spaces are not allowed before the comma or
the option name.
Keep filename,UNN
unnumbered (same as KQ)
Keep filename,YES
go ahead and purge old file
Keep filename,NO
never purge an old file
Keep filename,XEQ
assign xeq access
Keep filename,IFDIRTY
only if changes made
Keep filename,LF
insert Newline delimiters
Keep filename,NOLF
Do not insert Newline delimiters
Keep creates a new disc file named filename. You can combine several options on
the same Keep command. The default filename is the name of the last Text or full
Keep (i.e., it does not count if you use a rangelist or have reduced the margins with
Set Left or Set Right). If filename already exists, Qedit will ask you to verify that it is
okay to purge it unless you specify the ,YES or ,NO option.
Sometimes the file will have sequence numbers in each line (this is called
numbered), but you can omit the sequence numbers with KQ, or by specifying the
,UNN option.
Keep transfers rangelist lines from the workfile to filename. The default rangelist is
ALL. Warning: Qedit writes only the data within the current left and right margins,
so reset the margins first if you want the entire line (e.g., Set Left; Set Right).
Examples
/text /src/report.cob {make a copy}
Scratch file
/find "FUNCTION-CODE"
14 05 FUNCTION-CODE PIC X8.
/change "X8"X10"
14 05 FUNCTION-CODE PIC X10.
/keep /src/new.cob {create a new file}
... {do some more changes}
/keep {save again with same name...}
/src/new.cob # of records = 127
Purge existing file [No]? yes {you must authorize purge!}
/s left 1;s right 50 {define margins as first 50 columns}
/kq /data/nov99 {unnumbered with 50-byte records}
/k notes,UNN,YES {unnumbered, purge old file}
/keep ,yes {keep to last text, purging old}
Absolute File Name
116 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
When you are using CD, you may find yourself doing the following: Text file xxx,
change to another directory to add from some other files, then Keep to update your
original file. Keep defaults to the "absolute" name (e.g., /user/dev/lib/src/xxx). This
means you can change to other directories after a Text, but still easily Keep the file
back under its original name. In the past, Keep would default to the "relative" name
of the Text file (e.g., xxx), saving the file in your current working directory.
Keep Only When Changes Were Made
Keep,Ifdirty only does the Keep operation if the workfile has been modified since
the last Text or Keep. This can be useful in scripts that do Changes: by not Keeping
files where no string changes occurred, you reduce the number of files that appear on
the partial backup. To see whether your workfile is clean or dirty, do Verify Open.
File Modification Timestamp
When you use the Text command on a file, Qedit stores the file's modification
timestamp in the workfile. If you try to Keep the file, Qedit compares the stored
timestamp with the file's current timestamp. If they are different, it means the
original file has changed since you first opened it. Qedit will alert you to the
difference by displaying a message similar to the following:
Warning: Original file has been modified since the initial
Text or last Keep
The file timestamp can change for a number of reasons. Here are few examples:
• Someone else might have been working on that same file with Qedit
and saved their changes before you did.
• The file could have been restored.
• Maybe you used the file to test a program which modified the file in
some way.
Because the timestamp message is just a warning, Qedit continues its processing. It
then asks for Keep confirmation. If you answer "Yes", the file will be purged and
you might lose someone else's changes. Qedit will also store the new modification
timestamp.
If you answer "No", you should compare the contents of the file with your workfile
and decide if it is safe to Keep your changes. This is one way to compare the files:
• Keep the workfile under a different name
• Use our Compare bonus program to display the differences between the
original file and the new version you just created
• Look at the report and separate the lines that you changed from the
ones you did not touch
• If needed, apply changes to your copy so you are not missing anything
important
By default, timestamp checking on Keep is enabled. If you want to change this
setting, use the Set Keep Checktimestamp command.
If you want to erase the saved timestamp, you can use the Set Keep Name command.
Newline Delimiters
Normally, lines in a UNIX file are terminated by a NewLine character. Even the last
line of the file has to be terminated. For cases in which the last NewLine character is
missing, Qedit is still able to read all the lines. However, if the file is saved back,
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 117
Qedit adds a NewLine terminator. This makes the new file a little different than the
original, even if you have not made any changes to it.
By default, Qedit inserts a Newline delimiter after each line. If you do not want
Newline terminators, use the NOLF option. The only Newline characters written to
the file are the ones included in the data. Using the Length option on the Text
command disables the LF Keep feature (Set Keep LF Off). If you wish to override
this, you can use the LF option.
Notes
When you Text a file and Keep it again, Qedit attempts to duplicate the original file.
The form of the Keep file depends upon the current language and Set options,
especially Set Keep. To see what the Keep file will look like, use Verify Keep.
Keep will retain the security of your existing file (i.e., the file's ACL) if you answer
Yes to the "Purge old?" question.
118 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
List Command [L]
Prints lines of the current workfile or an external file either on your screen or to a
printer device.
LIST [$option...] [ rangelist ]
(Default: rangelist = *)
LIST [$option...] filename[,UNN] [ rangelist ]
(Default: rangelist = ALL)
(Q=no linenums, T=template, J=jumping)
If you do not specify a filename, List displays lines of the current workfile. If you do
specify a filename, List displays lines from that file without Shutting your current
workfile. You can refer to the "previous" file by a shorthand method, a "$".
If you specify a single line number as a rangelist and that line does not exist in the
current file, Qedit's action depends on the Set List Nearest setting. If the option is
Off, the default, Qedit displays a No Line warning. If the option is On, Qedit
displays the nearest line. For example, if lines 100 to 120 are missing from a file,
here is what would happen:
/List 100
Warning: No Line
/Set List Nearest On
/List 100
121 This is line #121.
If you are trying to do something similar on an external file, Qedit does not display
anything.
Specify filename,UNN when listing a data file which has numeric characters in the
last 8 column positions and they are not valid sequence numbers.
When you list lines of your current workfile, Qedit shows only the columns within
the current left and right margins, and the default rangelist is the current line (e.g.,
List = List *). When you List an external filename, margins are ignored and the
default rangelist is ALL.
Examples
/list 5 {display line 5 only}
/listq 5/ {List-Quiet from 5 to Last}
/list "customer" {all lines containing "customer"}
/list -5/+5 {display current vicinity}
/l report.cob {display entire source file}
/l report.cob ]-10/ {print last 11 lines of file}
/l $ "$page"(1/5) {"$page" in column 1 of previous file}
/set left 55;set right 132 {set margins in wide file}
/listt all {show template above columns}
/list "bob" (upshift) {"bob","BOB","Bob",etc.}
/list "@UPD@MAST@" (pat) {strings UPD and MAST both in line}
{pattern matching}
$-Options
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 119
You can configure permanent options for the List command using Set List; you can
also select temporary options within a specific List command. The temporary
options are preceded by a dollar sign.
LIST [ $option ... ] [ filename[,UNN] ] [ rangelist ]
The temporary $-options come after the command name and before the external
filename and rangelist.
Here are the $-options accepted in the List command:
[$DEVice device ]
The $device option sends output to a specified
device. The device must be a valid printer name or
class. The following command sends lines 1 through
30 in the current file to the device printer:
/list $device printer 1/30
[$lp | $lpa | $lpb | $record ]
$lp, $lpa and $lpb send output to a device associated
with an environment variable of the same name. For
example, to print to the device called Laser with the
$lpa option, you must set the LPA environment
variable to Laser, as in export lpa=laser. If
the LP environment variable is not set, Qedit will
attempt to send the output to the default system
printer. But if the LPA or LPB environment
variables are not set with a valid device name, an
error will occur. $Record sends output to
LPCRT=stdlist via Record mode.
[$HEX | $OCTAL | $DECIMAL]
Numeric dump
$CHAR
Remove garbage; combines with Hex/Octal/Dec
$PCL code
LaserJet fonts and orientation
$DUPLEX
Double-sided printing on certain LaserJets
$EVEN | $ODD
Outputs even or odd number of pages
[$COLUMNS (range, ...)]
Lists only certain columns
The $columns option allows you to list only the
contents of certain columns. You can specify up to
four column ranges. The ranges have to be enclosed
in parentheses and can be separated by commas or
spaces.
A range must have a start column and, optionally, an
end column. If only a start column is specified, the
end column is assumed to be the same. In this case,
Qedit lists only one column. For example
/List $columns (5) {lists only the
contents of column 5}
/List $columns (5/10) {lists the
contents of columns 5 to 10}
/List $columns (5 20/30) {lists
column 5 and 20 to 30}
Column numbers must be valid for the Language of
the file. For most files, the first column is 1. For
COBOL-type files, the first column is 7. Column
numbers must also be within the current left and
right margins. The column numbers do not have to
be entered in a particular order. For example, the
column numbers in the first range can be greater
than the column numbers in the second range. The
text appears in range order (i.e., range1, range2,
range3 and range4). The same column can be
included in multiple column ranges. The total
120 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
number of columns listed cannot exceed the absolute
line length maximum (8,172 characters).
Although a template Listing is allowed with
$columns, the output might not be very helpful. For
example,
/LT $column (15/20)
+....2
1 O
2 pp
3 QQQ
4 rrrr
List $include is supported with $columns, but
included files are treated as if they are the same type
as the main file. For example, if you include a
COBOL file within a Data file, the COBOL file will
start at column one.
You can specify a rangelist (e.g., a search string
with $columns). Qedit first searches for the string,
which can appear anywhere on the line, then applies
the $columns specification.
$DOUBLE
Double space the listing (or $DBL)
$SHIFT
Shift the listing four spaces to the right
[$RIGHTBY spaces]
Shift the listing to the right by the number of spaces
The $rightby option works like the $shift option. It
allows you to shift the printed output to the right.
The $shift option shifts the output by four spaces.
The $rightby option allows you to specify the
number of spaces by which the output is shifted.
This number can be between 1 and 30.
/List $shift LP {shifts output by
four spaces}
/List $rightby 4 LP {also shifts
output by four spaces}
/List $rightby 20 LP {shifts output
by 20 spaces}
$INCLUDE
List/search $include files as well
$USE
List/search usefiles as well
$PAGE [ ON|OFF ]
Override Set List Page option
$LINES count
Override Set List Lines (per page)
$LENGTH characters
Specify the maximum line length
Here is an example that uses three of the $-options:
/list $lpa $double $shift all
This command would list all of the current file to the LPA with double spacing, and
the listing would be shifted four spaces to the right. To send the output of the List
command to the device called Laser, an environment variable must be set to a valid
printer name before running Qedit (export LPA=laser).
When listing an external file, the $-options must come before the file name:
/list $hex $char filename {hex-char dump of file}
Include Files
Normally, Qedit only searches the current file for a string. If you specify the
$include keyword, however, Qedit will also search the $include files for the string.
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 121
/list $include "global_variable"
The lines that specify Include files must begin with either "$", "#", "!", or ".". In SPL
programs, an exclamation point indicates that the rest of the line should be treated as
a comment. So, if a line starts with an exclamation point followed by the word
Include, Qedit also assumes this to be a comment and not an actual Include
statement.
The $include command must be spelled out in full, and it can be indented from the
prefix character ($, #, etc.).
The prefix character can be in any column as long as it is preceded by spaces only.
Even though Qedit allows prefix indentation, other programs such as compilers
might require prefixes to be in specific columns e.g. column 1.
So, as far as Qedit is concerned, the following examples are valid Include source
lines:
$include 'globals.source'
$include constant.srcinc
$ include headers
#include <strings.h>
#include "parser/bnf.c"
! include somefile
.include chapter1.book
You cannot combine the $use and $include options.
Listing C Include Files
Qedit/UX assumes that any include statement such as
#include <stdio.h>
is a C include file. If the file name starts with a letter, it is qualified with
/usr/include/. This is where the standard C include files are located. C file
names that start with "../h" are ignored because they indicate Include files for
rebuilding the HP-UX kernel.
Usefiles
The $use option is very similar to the $include option. If you specify the $use
keyword, Qedit will also search any usefiles for a string. Usefiles are commonly used
in PowerHouse source code, Qedit and Suprtool command files, and jobs streams
that run Qedit and Suprtool.
/list $use "data.def"
The lines that contain the "use" directive must have the word "use" as the first word
in the line. Leading blanks are allowed. Everything after the word "use" is assumed
to be a file name.
You cannot combine the $use and $include options.
$Device Option
The List command now has an option to specify the HP-UX print device. For
example:
list $device printer 1/10
The above command prints lines 1 through 10 of the current file to the printer name
or class called Printer. The name specified after the $device keyword must be a valid
printer name or class. If both the $device and $lp keywords are used, the $device
takes precedence.
Configuring Printers
122 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
By using environment variables before running Qedit, you can define LP, LPA and
LPB in your .profile as three different printers on your system.
$LP;export LP
$LPA=serialp;export LPA
$LPB=shipping;export LPB
Merging Options
The $-options in the List command are merged with the Set List options, except that
Set List Record ON applies only to the file LP, not LPA and LPB. The $-options can
be combined wherever they make sense; they can be used with Jumping, Quiet and
Template, and can work on the current workfile or an external file. $-Options may be
shortened (e.g., $h = $hex).
Interrupting a Listing
Press the Control-S key to "pause" the listing for review. Then, press Control-Q to
resume the listing. On newer HP terminals, the Stop key pauses a listing until you
press Stop again. To stop the List command, press the Control-Y key.
Listing External Files
With the List command, you can look at any file on a system to which you have read
access security.
/list /etc/profile
Qedit studies the file and determines whether it has sequence numbers or not. If you
ask for a rangelist of lines, Qedit implicitly numbers a file without numbers. It starts
at line 1.0 and adds the current Set Increment value. If the file has sequence
numbers, Qedit uses them, unless it finds illegal numbers or numbers out of
sequence. It then prints the following message:
Error: line number out of sequence (001200) - renumbering the rest
The string in parentheses is the incorrect line number. You should make sure it
contains numeric digits only and that it is greater than the number on the previous
line. To check this information, you should text the file using the Unnumbered
option.
After reporting the information, Qedit then assigns new numbers to the lines, starting
with the last valid number and adding the current increment.
Qedit uses this shorthand character to refer to the most recent external file name: "$".
For example,
/list report.cob "$page"(1/5)
/list $ 500/600
Template Listing
The LT command prints a column-number template before the first line of the
listing.
/lqt 5
....+....10...+....20...+....30...+....40...+....50..
training of Qedit users is so easy that you will
Remember that the first column number in a standard COBOL source file is column
7, not column 1. For a COBFREE file, the first column is 1. In addition, if you have
done Set Left and Set Right to define margins for your file, the template starts with
the Left margin column and ends with the Right margin column.
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 123
/set left 20;set right 41
/lqt 5
20...+....30...+....40
it users is so easy th
Browsing or "List-Jumping"
When you add "J" to "List" it means list-jumping. This lists the lines specified, but
stops every 23 lines (this pause is handy at 19.2K baud). Browse quickly throughout
a file, viewing as much or as little of each section as you like. The default rangelist
for ListJ is */Last, and ListJ linenum means start jumping at linenum. You can go
into Browse mode quickly from Line mode by using the function keys. Press F6 to
start browsing at the current line, press F5 to browse starting back a page, and press
F2 to roll the screen forward a few lines before starting to browse.
At the end of each screen, ListJ prompts you for "what to do next?" and waits for
your reply. If the user presses Return or F6, or types "yes", Qedit displays the next
screen. If the user presses F8 or Control-Y, or types "no", Qedit stops the listing. If
the user types a line number, a string, or a relative line count (e.g., -50, +5), or
presses F2, F3, F4, or F5, Qedit moves to a new location within the file. When you
enter any command, Qedit stops the listing, returns to Command mode, and executes
the command. When you are on an HP terminal, ListJ enhances and erases the line
with the "what to do next?" prompt.
You can combine ListJ with the $include option to browse through the specified files
as well as their $include files. You can combine with ListJ with "Q" to display the
lines without sequence numbers. Also, you can combine "ListJ" with "T" to print a
column template at the top of each screen. In fact, you can combine all three options
into "ListJQT" to List-Jump without line numbers, but with a column template.
The screensize can be changed from 23 lines to another number with Set List LJ nn
(where nn is some number of lines from 5 to 100). If you put the command Set List
QJ On in your Qeditmgr file, you can avoid seeing sequence numbers when you
browse.
When List-Jumping reaches the last line of your file, it prints "End! Are you DONE?
[yes]" and waits for your answer. "Yes" ends the listing, and "No" starts listing again
from the beginning. Set List Endstop On disables this question; List-Jumping just
prints the last line of the file and ends the LJ command.
Controlling Printer Listings
When you specify "$lp" (or "$lpa" or "$lpb") in a List command, Qedit looks for an
LP environment variable, retrieves the value, and uses this as the device name. The
lines that would have been printed on the terminal are written to the printer file
instead. At the end of the command, Qedit closes the file, which releases it for
printing.
The default Qedit listing to the printer is a raw dump of your lines, with or without
line numbers. It has no page breaks, no headings, no title, and no page numbers.
However, you can override this default with the Set List command.
Listing to Attached Printer
To list to a printer that is attached to your terminal, use List $record. If you want all
listings to $lp to go to the attached printer, do Set List Record On and then List $lp.
Qedit will use Record mode on your terminal or PC to print on the attached printer.
This option opens a file named LPCRT instead of LP. If you are listing to an
attached printer from a terminal, your terminal may remain locked after the printout
is completed. This generally happens when you have handshaking enabled. (G-H
straps set to No). You can do a soft reset to unlock your terminal.
124 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
If handshaking is disabled (G-H straps set to Yes), the List command works and
returns control to the terminal, but two "S" characters are printed on the terminal.
There is currently no known workaround to these problems.
If you have a LaserJet connected to your PC and are using Reflection, you will want
to Set Printer-Passthru-Conv No in Reflection. Otherwise you will find that some
characters are printing oddly, such as the square block printing as a plus-minus sign.
If you are using Reflection for Windows, the above option may be called "Disable
Printer Translation" or "Use Host Character Set." As well, you have to select
"Bypass Windows Printing" and disable "Auto Form Feed."
You can combine this option with other listing options such as $PCL or $duplex.
You cannot interrupt Record mode with Control-Y, but you can do a soft Reset. This
unlocks the keyboard and causes the rest of the output to appear on the screen. You
can then stop it with Control-Y.
LP Listings with Headings
To have Qedit do a page break every 60 lines and put a heading with a page number
on each page, do List $page On $lp (or $record, $lpa, $lpb). To configure "paging"
as the default, do Set List Page On. Two lines at the top of each page are used as a
heading. The first line contains the page number, the file name (or the last Text file
name in the case of Qeditscr), and the time of the listing, and the second line is
blank.
In this mode, Qedit also looks for $title, $page, #pragma page, and #pragma title
commands in your file and uses them to create page breaks. The optional string
parameter of these commands replaces the date and time in the page heading (e.g.,
$page "Monthly Staff Review"). A $page or $title command without a string clears
the title area of the heading.
To vary the number of lines per page, do List $lines nn, or use Set List Lines nn for a
permanent override, where nn is a value between 1 and 256. (Assumes Set List Page
On.).
/set list page on lines 59
To print the heading only on the first page, use $lines 0. This causes continuous
printing with no page ejects.
/list $lp $lines 0 all {ignores $page too}
To perform continuous printing with no automatic page ejects but skip to a new page
on $Page directives, use $lines 999.
/list $lp $lines 999 all {skips to a new page on $page only}
To drop the file name from the page heading, do Set List Name Off. (Assumes Set
List Page On.)
/set list page on name off
To drop the page numbers from each page, do Set List Num Off. (Assumes Set List
Page On.)
/set list page on name off num off
To drop the title from the heading, do Set List Title Off. (Assumes Set List Page On.)
/set list page on title off
To drop the two-line heading from each page while still doing page breaks, use Set
List to disable the three components of the heading:
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 125
/set list page on name off num off title off
Getting an Even or Odd Number of Pages
There are times when the number of printed pages is important. For example, you
could have a printer that is always loaded with pre-printed forms that come in pairs
(e.g., Page 1 of 2 and Page 2 of 2) or the paper is folded in certain ways so that a
report is easier to tear up and insert into a binder. In both examples, sending a report
with an odd number of pages would cause the next output to be on a wrong page.
To prevent this from happening, you can now use the $even or $odd options on the
List command and ask Qedit to "round up" the number of pages. The $even option
ensures that the output has an even number of pages. Similarly, the $odd option
ensures there is an odd number of pages by sending an extra page eject sequence
before closing the output file.
These even and odd options are mutually exclusive (i.e., they cannot be both enabled
at the same time). If you try use them both on the same command, Qedit uses the last
one in the sequence. For example, you can type
/List $even $odd $lpa myfile
Qedit does not see this as an error and uses the $odd option, ignoring $even.
These options only make sense if you are sending the list to a printer, either attached
or spooled. They have no effect when listing the file to the screen. For this reason,
you have to specify a destination printer using $lp, $lpa, $lpb, $record or $device.
You can also use one of these options as the default by using the Set List command.
Specifying a $-option on the List command overrides the Set value. There is
currently no way to completely ignore the Set options. If you want both options to be
disabled, you have to issue
/Set List Even Off Odd Off
prior to the List command.
Double-Spaced Listings
When listing to LP, you can force the result to be double spaced with List $double.
This feature can be combined with most of the other features of List, including LT,
LQ, and Set List Page On. To make all printer listings double spaced, do Set List Dbl
On. LQ on a CCTL file disables the Double option because the CCTL codes in the
file control the spacing on the listing.
LaserJet Listings
Qedit has two special options for HP LaserJets: $duplex and $PCL. Duplex means
double-sided printing, and PCL means Printer Command Language, which is used to
select fonts, spacing, and orientation.
$Duplex for Two-Sided Printing. Some LaserJets can print on both sides of the
paper; use List $duplex to enable this option.
/list $lp $duplex all
PCL = Printer Command Language. All LaserJets have several sizes of character
fonts and can print in either landscape or portrait orientation. To help you take
advantage of these features, Qedit has a number of PCL codes that can do all the
work for you. PCL stands for Printer Command Language, which is the HP standard
for printers. To specify a LaserJet option for a single listing, use List $PCL; to
configure all listings, use Set List PCL. To disable the special PCL option, use PCL
0. Get a quick on-line listing of the PCL options with
126 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
/hq set,list
Changing Fonts and Orientation
Landscape-Tiny: PCL 1. To list to the LaserJet in the tiny font that prints across the
paper sideways (i.e., 16.67 pitch, landscape), use PCL 1.
/list $device printer $pcl 1 all
Landscape-Regular: PCL 2. To list with the regular Courier font in landscape
orientation, use PCL 2.
The Standard: PCL 3. The normal default for LaserJet output is portrait orientation
(across the narrow side) with the Courier font. However, once you insert a font
cartridge into your LaserJet, it may select one of the cartridge fonts as the default
instead of Courier. PCL 3 allows you to select the standard Courier font, even if
another font cartridge is installed.
Portrait-Tiny: PCL 4. Some LaserJets provide the tiny "Line printer" font in
portrait orientation as well as landscape orientation. PCL 4 selects this option.
A4 Special: PCL 5. To print 80 columns, instead of 77, across A4 paper using the
standard Courier typeface, try PCL 5. This tightens the spacing between characters.
Legal-Landscape-Tiny: PCL 6. To print tiny letters in landscape orientation on
legal-size paper, use PCL 6.
You can combine PCL 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 with Page On and Off, with Lines 0, with
LQ, with $DBL, with $record, and with $duplex.
Two-Column Listings
If your LaserJet supports "Line printer" font in landscape orientation, you can print
listings across the page with two columns of text side by side.
/list $lp $pcl 10 all {two-column listing format}
/lq $rec $pcl 10 1/200
If you have a legal-size paper tray, you can use PCL 11 to print two wide columns of
110 characters each on a single piece of paper.
A4-Size Paper
Most of the PCL options, with the exception of PCL 5, were designed and tested
with North American letter-size paper. PCL 5 is especially for A4 paper; it reduces
the horizontal spacing between characters so that 80 columns of Courier output can
fit on a single line. In addition, if you add 2000 to a PCL code, Qedit adjusts the
number of rows and columns for that option to match A4 paper. For example, to
print two-up landscape on A4 paper, use PCL 2010 instead of PCL 10.
In general, selecting A4 paper gives you more space along the long dimension of the
paper and less space along the short dimension. If you are happy with the way letter-
size rows and columns work on A4 paper, simply do not add 2000 to the PCL code.
Summary of Qedit PCL Codes
PCL
L/P
Font
A4
Rows
A4
Columns
Letter
Rows
Letter
Columns
Notes
1
L
lp
58
188
60
175
2
L
courier
43
110
45
100
3
P
courier
64
77
60
80
"standard"
4
P
lp
85
128
80
132
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 127
5
P
courier
64
80
60
80
A4-squeeze
6
L
lp
60
223
60
223
legal-size*
10
L
lp
58
95
60
87
two columns
11
L
lp
60
110
60
110
2-up legal*
L/P mean landscape or portrait orientation.
* Note: PCL 6 and 11 were designed to print on North American legal-size paper and
will select that size. However, you can see what happens with A4 paper by using
2006 and 2011. Some people have found this useful.
Roman-8 vs. ASCII
The PCL option requests a Roman-8 character set, but some combination font
cartridges only supply the ASCII character set (half as many characters means twice
as many fonts in a single cartridge). If you ask for landscape Line printer and get
landscape Courier instead, your Line printer font probably has the ASCII character
set instead of the Roman-8 character set. To request an ASCII font, add 1,000 to the
PCL code. For example, if you have a Super Cartridge (55 fonts in one!), use PCL
1001, 1004, 1006, 1010 and 1011. To select both ASCII and A4 paper, add 3000.
Folding Wide Lines
Qedit/UX might have difficulty handling files without Newline delimiters at the end
of each line or files with lines longer than 8,172 characters. To be able to access
these files, you can use the $length option to specify the maximum number of
characters you want on each line.
128 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
:Listredo Command [LISTREDO/F7]
The :Listredo command displays any of the previous 1,000 commands.
LISTREDO [ start [ / stop ] ] [;ABS] [;OUT=file]
[ string ] [;REL]
[ ALL | @ ] [;UNN]
(Default: display previous 20 commands)
(BJ, F7 and ,, are short for Listredo)
Commands are numbered sequentially from 1 as entered and the last 1,000 are
retained. You can display a single command, a range of commands, all 1,000, or all
the commands whose name matches the string. You can print the commands with
ABSolute line numbers (the default), RELative line numbers (-5/-4), or
UNNumbered. The OUT option is not available for Qedit/UX. If you want to redo
any of these commands, see :Do, :Redo, and Before.
Examples
/listredo 5
/listredo 5/10
/listredo help {print all Help commands}
/bj {historical shorthand!}
/listredo -10 {print last ten commands}
/listredo ALL {print entire redo stack}
/listredo rm {print all rm commands}
/listredo rm xx {print all "rm xx" commands}
/listredo @rm {print all with "rm" anywhere}
/listredo @;rel {print all, relative numbers}
Notes
The :Listredo command can be abbreviated to ",," or BJ, or can be invoked by the F7
function key. Using F7 to invoke Listredo only works in Line mode, not Visual
mode. You cannot use ";" to combine commands on the same line.
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 129
:Listundo Command [LISTU]
Displays the complete Undo change log of commands that modified text, starting
with the most recent and working backward.
LISTUNDO
Listundo shows the complete Undo change log, including each command, the
number of lines updated, deleted, added, or renumbered by that command, and the
text lines. Text for deleted lines is preceded by an underscore ("_") as in the Delete
command, and the "before" value of lines that were updated has a Greater Than ">".
Commands are printed in reverse order, with the most recent command first. This is
the command that would undone by the next Undo command. To stop the Listundo
report, use Control-Y.
Examples
/listundo
130 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
LS Command [LS]
Display contents of a directory.
LS names
(Default: current directory)
Qedit has a command called Lsort. Due to Qedit's shorthand command parsing, ls
would be interpreted as Lsort. The Lsort command is retained for compatibility with
the MPE version of Qedit, but Qedit/UX accepts ls to mean the HP-UX ls command.
Examples
/ls {current directory}
/ls -a {show hidden files also}
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 131
Lsort Command [LSO]
Sorts a range of lines.
LSORT range [ KEYS keylist ]
LSORT string range [ KEYS keylist ]
(Q=no display)
(Default: by entire line)
The simplest Lsort command just specifies a range of lines to be sorted and no other
parameters. This means to use the entire line as the key and sort the lines into
ascending order, printing them once sorted.
To stop Lsort from printing the sorted lines, use LsortQ. The Lsort command can be
abbreviated to "lso", "lsq" (quiet), "lst" (template) and "lsj" (justify). "ls" followed by
a space executes the HP-UX shell command. "ls" followed by any other character is
executed as a possible shell command.
Parameters
To sort by some other key fields in the lines (from one to four are supported) or to
sort the lines in Descending Order, you need to specify the KEYS keylist parameters.
The keylist consists of one to four keys separated by spaces or commas, with a key
consisting of either a column range or a starting column and length:
column , length [DESC]
column / column [DESC]
Ascending Order is assumed by default, but you may specify DESC to sort this key
in Descending Order.
Examples
/lsort all {sort entire file}
/lsortq all {sort without printing}
/lsort 10/33 {sort some lines only}
/lsort 30/last keys 10,5 {col 10 through 14}
/lsort zz keys 10/20 {col 10 through 20}
/lsort 20/last keys 1,10 20,5,desc {two keys}
132 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
Merge Command [ME]
Merges an external file into the current workfile by line number. Use Merge to apply
source-code "changes-files" containing new and revised text, that are distributed by
some application vendors.
MERGE filename [ (rangelist) ]
(Q=no display, J=Justified)
(Default: rangelist: ALL)
MergeQ suppresses printing of the merged lines.
The optional rangelist specifies a subset of the external file to merge into the current
file.
Examples
/text master.src {start with the master file}
/merge changes {update changed lines, add new}
Notes
To make your own "merge file", create a file that contains edits to be applied to your
current workfile. Mark the lines of text that will replace existing lines in your
workfile, with the corresponding line numbers. Give new line numbers to any
completely new lines of text to be added to your workfile. $Edit Void removes the
line number specified in the command and, optionally, lines up to and including a
Void= line number. Warning: the Void= parameter cannot accept a decimal point
so, for example, you must enter Qedit line 60.1 as 60100. To delete from line 55 to
60.1, you would use the following:
55 $edit void=60100
Justified
The default is to replace existing lines with the corresponding line from the external
file. The Justified option appends the corresponding line from the external file. Text
is appended immediately after the last non-blank character if Set Work
Trailingspaces is disabled. If Trailingspaces is enabled, text is appended
immediately after the last significant trailing space. If the resulting merged line is too
long for the current length, the merged line is truncated. Let's say the current
workfile contains:
abc
def
ghj
and the external file contains:
1111
2222
3333
A MergeJ would result in:
abc1111
def2222
ghj3333
If the maximum length was 5, the resulting file would be:
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 133
/mergej myfile
1 11111
Warning: Result line will be too long. Truncating merged text.
2 22222
Warning: Result line will be too long. Truncating merged text.
3 33333
Warning: Result line will be too long. Truncating merged text.
3 lines merged
/l all
1 abc11
2 def22
3 ghj33
134 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
Modify Command [M]
Editing characters within lines using either Control codes (default Set Mod Robelle),
D-I-R-U edits (Set Mod HP), or Control codes with visible feedback (Set Mod
Qzmod).
MODIFY rangelist
(Q=no linenum, T=template)
(Default: rangelist = *)
By default, Modify displays the first line and puts the cursor under the first column.
You enter an "edit-line" to specify a changes. You use spaces to move the cursor
under the word you want to change, then type new characters to replace those in the
columns above. For example:
/modify 5
5 Over 2000 computers use Suprtool. {prints line}
750 {you edit it}
5 Over 2750 computers use Suprtool. {prints new line}
<Return> {end Modify}
Each time you press Return, Modify applies your changes to the line and prints the
new result. This cycle continues until you enter only a Return (no more edits).
You use nonprinting Control codes for editing, such as Control-D to delete. For
visual feedback, do Set Mod Qzmod, which puts your cursor right on top of the line
and responds to each Control code by revising the image on the screen (i.e., Control-
D actually makes the character disappear from the screen). If you would prefer to use
MPE-style edits (D-I-R-U) instead of Control Codes, do Set Mod HP to reconfigure
Modify.
To force the line number onto a separate line, use Set Mod Prompt OFF.
Examples
/modify 5/ {modify from line 5 until ^Y or end}
/find "corelate";m {find spelling error and modify line}
/mod "q_flag" {modify all lines with "q_flag"}
Getting into Modify Mode
There are other commands that invoke Modify mode in Qedit:
• Change, when a line overflows or you use CJ.
• Add, when you use the auto modify character from Set Zip.
• Before, so that you can revise and redo a previous command.
• Redo, also enables you to revise and redo a previous command.
Edit Functions of Modify
Here are the edit functions of Modify and their Control codes, which may be
changed with the Set Modify command.
Function
Key
Purpose
Overwrite
Control-O
Replace characters (default).
Delete
Control-D
Delete characters.
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 135
Before
Control-B
Insert characters before a column.
Append
Control-A
Add characters to end of the line.
Divide
Control-V
Divide line in two at this column.
Goof
Control-G
Restart Modify with original line.
Terminate
Control-T
End this edit so you can do another.
Lengthen
Control-L
Same as Append (Control-A).
Insert
Control-^
Same as Before (Control-B).
HP-UX reacts to certain control characters which might conflict with the Qzmodify
codes. For example, control-D sends an end-of-file signal to HP-UX but is also the
delete character in Qzmodify. You should use the HP-UX stty program to change
the default end-of-file signal. Please see the section "Control Characters and stty" on
page 48 for more details.
You create Control codes by holding down the Control key while pressing the other
key. Most Control codes are invisible and do not move the cursor. In the user
manual, the symbol (^) as a prefix stands for the Control key (^-D for Control-D).
Some functions combine two of the Control codes: pressing ^-T then ^-V in the first
column of a line splices two lines together (and deletes the second line if it's
emptied). Actions not restricted to column 1 may be performed at any point on the
line.
Function
Key
Col.
Purpose
Splice
^T ^V
1
Fills current line from next line.
Insert Line
^A ^V
1
Adds a blank line before current
one.
Insert Line
^A ^V
Adds a blank line after current
line.
Delete Last
^A ^D
Spaces remove characters at end
of line.
Replace End
^A ^O
Replaces from end of line
(overwrites).
Delete Line
^T ^D
1
Deletes current line.
Overwriting Characters
To overwrite characters in a line, type the new characters underneath the ones to be
replaced. There is no need to type a control character; "overwrite" is the default edit
function. Once you are in Overwrite mode, you can also use the Space bar to erase
the columns that you move through. If you have not yet typed any characters, the
Space bar just moves your column position to the right one place. You can get into
Overwrite mode at any time while in modify by pressing Control-O. Terminate
overwrite mode and go into space- transparency mode by typing Control-T.
Start Over Editing a Line
To correct a Modify mistake, enter the Goof control code (Control-G) and press
Return. Qedit restores the line to its original contents and restarts the Modify cycle.
Control-G does not undo Splits and Splices.
Doing Several Edits in One Line
136 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
You can do more than one edit operation in one edit-line if each edit is clearly
separated from the preceding and following ones. When the edits are at different
ends of the line, you must Terminate the first function so that you can move the
cursor right to the next column. The Terminate control code (Control-T) provides
this capability.
The following illustrates where to place your control codes (^ stands for the Control
key), even though they will not appear on your screen. The first example capitalizes
the "r" in "return", then replaces "in error" with "by mistake", which requires
inserting the letters "ke." The second example inserts the word "Goof" and a space at
the start of the line, and deletes the last two words at the end of the sentence, adding
a final period.
/m 13
13 a return. If you do this in error, {displays line}
R by mistake {^codes are: }
<spaces> R<^T, spaces> by mista<^B>ke<Return>
13 a Return. If you do this by mistake, {redisplays}
/m+1
14 control code restores the line for you. {displays line}
Goof . {^codes are: }
<^B>Goof <^T, spaces> .<^D, Return>
14 Goof control code restores the line. {redisplays}
Deleting Characters
To delete characters from the line, starting with the current column position, enter
the Delete control code (Control-D). Then space to the right the number of columns
to be deleted. Any remaining characters in the line are left-shifted to fill in the
deleted columns.
In all cases, the columns deleted are those immediately above the cursor, regardless
of what other functions have been performed previously on the same line. The Delete
function is stopped by the first nonblank character, either Return, a printing character
to switch back into Overwrite function, or another control code.
HP-UX reacts to certain control characters which might conflict with the modify
codes. For example, control-D sends an end-of-file signal to HP-UX but is also the
delete character in modify. You should use the HP-UX stty program to change the
default end-of-file signal. Please see the section "Control Characters and stty" on
page 48 for more details.
Erasing the Line
To erase from the current column to the end of the line, enter the Delete control
code, followed by a Return. If you do this by mistake, the Goof control code restores
the line for you.
Inserting Characters
To insert characters in the line before the current column position, enter the Before
control code (Control-B). Then type the characters to be inserted. The existing
characters starting in the insert column are right-shifted to make room for the new
characters.
On the operator's console of Seried 800 compputers, the Control-B character puts the
terminal into "maintenance" mode. In these cases, use Control-^ instead. If you do
press Control-B on the console accidentally, type "CO" on a Series 800 or 900.
Adding Characters to the End of a Line
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 137
To add characters to the end of the line after the last nonblank character in the line,
enter the Append control code (Control-A). Then type the characters to be added.
This function is independent of the current column position.
Dividing a Line into Two Lines
The Divide control code (Control-V) splits the current line into two lines at the
current column position. If a line number is available, Qedit moves all characters
from the current column to the end of the line to a new line that is added after the
current line. The Goof function recalls the original contents of the line, but does not
delete the new line (neither does Control-Y). See also Divide command.
Splicing Two Lines Together
To splice two lines together, you must be on the first column of the first line you
wish to splice. Type Control-T, then Control-V, and quick as a wink, all the
characters from the second line are appended to the end of your current one. Qedit
moves only as many characters as will fit. If all the characters are moved, the second
line, now empty, is deleted. See also the Glue command.
Editing Lines with More Than 80 Columns
To modify long lines (i.e., more than 80 columns), use Set Left and Set Right to
define a slice through the lines.
/set left 55
/mqt * {quiet, with template}
+....60...+....70...+....80...+....90...+....100..+....
ubsequent Sales Follow-up - Completion Ratio Report
Or use Set Modify Qzmodify, it handles long lines without the need to set margins.
Qzmodify: WYSIWYG
You may want to try Set Modify Qzmodify to replace the normal Qedit modify with
a "visual" modify (What You See Is What You Get). Qzmodify uses the same
Control codes, plus many extensions, but Qzmodify does single-character reads. This
allows it to respond immediately and visually to each keystroke, but means that the
performance is unacceptable over NS, packet-switching LANs, and the DTC. Once
in Qzmodify, type Control-Q for a list of commands.
How to Edit in Qzmodify
In Qzmodify, "what you see is what you get". The cursor rests on the same line as
the text you are editing. If you press any printable key (ASCII code 32 or greater),
that key either replaces the character the cursor was on, or (if Insert mode is on)
inserts the key before that character, moving the rest of line to the right by one
character.
When you initially enter Qzmodify you are in Transparent mode--here, a blank
simply causes the cursor to move one space to the right. Pressing any other printable
character immediately terminates Transparent mode and puts you in Overwrite
mode, so the character replaces the one the cursor is on. The three basic modes are:
Mode
To enter
To exit
transparent
^T
any printable char, ^B, ^O, or ^X
overwrite
^O
^T, ^B, or ^X
insert
^B or ^^
^T, ^O, or ^X
138 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
Qzmodify will not allow you to create a line longer than a maximum specified by the
calling program, nor can you accidentally "lose" characters off the right edge when
using Insert mode ... Qzmodify beeps when you try to do something illegal. To edit
Roman-8 characters, use Set Editinput Extend ON.
Editing Commands
Qzmodify has an extensive set of commands, all of which are invoked via control
characters. In this documentation, the symbol ^ means that the following character is
a control character (e.g., ^G is control-G). Control characters may be entered as
lowercase or uppercase letters (i.e: ^g and ^G are identical).
HP-UX reacts to certain control characters which might conflict with the Qzmodify
codes. For example, control-D sends an end-of-file signal to HP-UX but is also the
delete character in Qzmodify. You should use the HP-UX stty program to change
the default end-of-file signal. Please see the section "Control Characters and stty" on
page 48 for more details.
Char Mnemonic
Description
^A append
Go to end-of-line. Moves the cursor to just after the last character
on the line. If the line is already at the maximum length, the cursor
is placed at the last character.
^B before
Turn on Insert mode. Turns off Overwrite mode. If you enter a
character while in Insert mode, it will be put Before the character
the cursor is on, and the rest of the line will move one to the right.
^^ before
Control up-arrow...synonym of ^B. Use ^^ instead of ^B if you are
on a system console!
^C case
Change case of current character. If the current character is a
lowercase letter, it will be changed to an uppercase letter and vice
versa.
^D delete
Delete character. Pressing ^D will cause the character under the
cursor to be deleted, and the rest of the line to be moved one space
to the left.
^L^D delete end
If the cursor is just past the last character in the line, (i.e., you just
did a ^L or ^A), then the ^D will delete the last character of the
line.
^E erase
Erase to end of line. This will erase all of the text from the cursor to
the end of the line.
^F<c> find
Find next occurrence of character <c>. The cursor will be moved to
the next occurrence of the character <c> to the right of the cursor.
If <c> is not found, you will hear a beep.
^F<n><c>
Find nth occurrence of <c> where 1<=n<=8.
^G goof
Undo all current modifications. Restores the line of text to its
original form. Note: ^V, ^K, ^T^D, and ^T^V cannot be undone.
^H backspace
Move back one character (nondestructive).
^I tab
Skip ahead to the next tab stop.
^J justify
Deletes blanks from the cursor to the first nonblank (does not delete
that character).
^K add
Requests Qedit to add a line after the current line. The current line
will then be redisplayed for editing and you will get to edit the new
line.
^L lengthen
Go to end-of-line...synonym of ^A. Use ^L instead of ^A if you are
on a Type Ahead Engine (TAE).
^M return
Marks the end of editing a line. Returns the modified line to Qedit.
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 139
Note that ^M is the same as Return.
^O overwrite
Initiates Overwrite mode and turns off Insert mode (^B). In
Overwrite mode, if you enter a character, it will replace the one on
the screen.
^P<#><dir>
Moves up or down some number of lines of text. For example, ^P3-
moves back three lines.
^Q query
Displays list of Qzmodify functions.
^S<c> scan
Find previous occurrence of <c>. The cursor will be moved to the
first occurrence of <c> to the left of the current cursor position. If
<c> is not found, you will hear a beep.
^S<n><c>
Find nth occurrence of <c> where 1<=n<=8.
^T Transparent
Terminates Insert mode and Overwrite mode. After ^T, if you type
blanks, the cursor simply moves right one space without affecting
the text. Transparent mode is always turned off automatically
whenever a nonblank printable character is entered, then Overwrite
mode is turned on.
^T^D delete
If done at column one, this deletes the entire line.
^T^V splice
If done at column one, this will join the next line to the end of the
current line and display the spliced line for editing. If not a column
one, then is the same as ^V.
^U jUmpback
Move back to the previous tab stop. This is the opposite to ^I. As
an aid to remembering them, ^I is the same as pressing the tab key,
and ^U is just to the left of ^I on the keyboard.
^V split
Split the current line (at the cursor) into two lines and modify both
of them. Note that ^Y restores the text if you decide not to make
the change, but you have to manually remove the second split-off
line.
^X eXamine
Examine (redisplay) the current line.
^Y abort
Terminates modify without changing the current line.
^W Wordproc
Shifts into "word-processor" mode. In word-processor mode, the
next control character is used to select a function. The functions
are:
^W^C
Compress multiple blank spaces to single blank spaces.
^W^D
Delete Word. Deletes from the cursor to the next blank, and then
any following blanks up to (but not including) the next nonblank.
^W^H
Toggles a flag that remembers if you have an HP 110 (or an HP
2640). The flag is needed because the HP 110 knows only a subset
of the "standard" HP 26xx escape sequences, and some of them
incorrectly!
^W^L
Draws a ruled "line"; similar to the ListT command.
^W^N
Toggles Numbered mode. A line-number prefix will be displayed
in front of a line of text only if both of the following are true:- line
numbers have been requested (either via a Modify command from
Qedit or via ^W^N);- the line number was passed to Qzmodify by
Qedit (i.e., you did an Modify command, not an ModifyQ
command)
^W<c>^D
Delete all characters from the cursor up to, but not including,
character <c>. Note: <c> must be a printable ASCII character
(character code > 31). If the cursor is currently on the same <c>, it
is deleted immediately before looking for the first <c>. If <c> is not
found, nothing is deleted.
^W^P<c>
Put the character into the text. This is useful when you want to put
a control character into the text. All nonprintable characters will be
displayed as periods (.), so they will take up one space on the line.
140 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
^W^S^D
Downshift all letters from the cursor to end-of-line.
^W^S^U
Upshift all letters from the cursor to end-of-line.
^W^S^T
Reverse the case (e.g., "a" becomes "A" and "A" becomes "a") of
all letters from the cursor to end-of-line.
^W^T
Toggles the Type Ahead Engine (if you have one) through three
states: disabled, enabled, ignored.
^W^V
Prints the version ID of Qzmodify.
^W?
Display the ASCII character code for the character that the cursor is
on.
^W$<hh>
Replace the character at the current column position with the
ASCII character whose hexadecimal value is <hh>.
Symbols Used in Qzmodify Command List
<c> is any single character. Qzmodify will search for this character. If <c> is ^W,
the search will be for the next word (words are anything delimited by blanks) instead
of for a single character.
<#> is zero or more digits. For example, ^P12+ would mean move forward 12 lines.
^P3- would move back three lines.
<n> is one of: ^A, ^B, ..., ^H and is interpreted as the number 1, 2, ..., 8 respectively.
<dir> is a "-" to move "back", or a "+" to move "forward".
<hh> is any pair of hexadecimal digits.
Note: When modifying a line longer than 79 characters, some commands (e.g.: ^D,
^B, ^E) will not update any line of the screen display other than the one you are on.
Whenever you want to see an accurate display of your text line, press ^X to refresh
the display. This limitation could be fixed, but only at the cost of slowing down
response time while editing these longer lines.
Note: You cannot use the special keys on an HP terminal (e.g.: cursor keys, insert
char, delete char, clear) because they are designed to either send no characters to the
computer when they are pressed or two characters ... and both of these choices cause
difficult problems unless you are on an HP e3000 with a Type Ahead Engine. Thus,
these keys should not be used. If you use them by accident, a ^X will refresh the
display of the line you are editing.
Qzmodify with a Type Ahead Engine
The Type Ahead Engine (TAE) from Telamon can be in one of three states from the
Qzmodify viewpoint: disabled, enabled, or ignored. Each is defined below.
Ignored. Qzmodify will not do anything to either encourage the use, or discourage
the use, of the TAE. This is usually the initial state (see below).
Enabled. Qzmodify will place the TAE in single-character mode at entry, and
restore it to Line mode at exit. This means that the HP3000 won't lose typed ahead
input anymore, and that the special keys (e.g., cursor keys) will work nicely.
Disabled. Qzmodify will disable typeahead (by sending ^A^V to the TAE) at entry,
and enable it at exit. In this mode, the TAE is effectively taken out of the "circuit".
With Qedit, you configure TAE-treatment as part of the Set Modify Qzmodify
command:
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 141
Set Mod Qzmodify {ignore the TAE}
Set Mod Qzmod TAEOFF {TAE exists, disable it}
Set Mod Qzmod TAE {TAE exists, enable it}
When the TAE is present and enabled, you can use these extra commands:
^W^T
Toggles the Type Ahead Engine through three states: disabled,
enabled, ignored.
leftarrow
The HP26xx left-arrow key will move the cursor 1 space to the left.
rightarrow
The HP26xx right-arrow key will move the cursor 1 space to the
right.
up arrow
Move up to the prior line of text, leaving cursor in the same
column. The terminal screen is scrolled DOWN, so the line you
were just editing is moved down 1.
down arrow
Move down to the next line of text, leaving cursor in the same
column. The terminal screen is scrolled UP, so the line you were
just editing is moved up 1.
delete char
Deletes the character under the cursor (like ^D).
insert char
Turns on Insert mode (like ^B).
insert line
Asks Qedit to add a new line after the current line.
delete line
Asks Qedit to delete the current line.
^leftarrow
Moves cursor LEFT to the blank just after the nearest "word" on
the left of the cursor. Valid only if a Type Ahead Engine is present
and enabled. Only available on HP264x terminals.
^rightarrow
Moves cursor RIGHT until it reaches the start of the next "word"
(will not move past current end of text.) Valid only if a Type Ahead
Engine is present and enabled. Only available on HP264x
terminals.
Hpmodify: No Control Characters
Set Modify Hpmodify replaces Qedit's standard Modify in all places with MPE-style
editing (D for delete, I for insert, R for replace, U for undo, > for append, >D for
delete at end, >R for replace at end, and D> for clear). We suggest Hpmodify when
using Qedit over finicky datacomm networks, since it does not require any Control
codes.
Hpmodify Keys - Reference
Directive
Effect
i
INSERT. If text follows the i, this text is inserted in the current line,
starting at the position of the i.
r
REPLACE. If text follows the r, this text replaces the same number of
characters in the current line, beginning at the position of the r.
d
DELETE. Deletes a character from the current line for each d specified
in the edit line. Note that "d d" does not specify a range as it does in
MPE V but simply deletes one character above each d. Multiple d's may
be followed by an Insert or Replace operation.
d>
DELETE. Deletes to the end of the current line from the position
specified by d>. May be followed by an Insert or Replace operation.
>
APPEND. If text follows the >, this text is appended to the end of the
current line. If a > without text is positioned beyond the end of the
142 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
current line, then a simple replacement is performed instead.
>d
DELETE. Deletes from the end of the current line, right-to-left. Multiple
d's and Insert and Replace strings may be specified after > .
>r
REPLACE. Replaces characters at the end of the command line. The last
(rightmost) character of the replacement string is at the end of the line.
c
CHANGE. Changes all occurrences of one string to another in the
current line starting at the c. The search string and replace string must be
properly delimited. A proper delimiter is a nonalphabetic character (such
as ' " or /) The substitution is specified as cdelim search-string delim
[replace-string [delim]]. Omitting the replace-string causes occurrences
of search-string to be deleted, with no substitution.
u
UNDO. A single u in column one cancels the most recent edit of the
current line. Using the Undo command twice in a row cancels all edits
for the current line and re-establishes the original, unedited line. If u is
placed anywhere other than column one of the current line, then a simple
replacement is performed. Undo makes sense only if you have a line on
which you have performed some editing that can be "undone."
other
Simple replacement. Any other character (not i, r, d, d>, >, >d, >r, c, or
u) will be put into the current line at the position above where it is
placed, replacing any existing character. Simple replacement also occurs
for the editing characters i, r, c, or > if they are not followed by text; or
if > appears at or beyond the current end of line.
Hpmodify Examples
Edit
Action
u
First occurrence undoes the previous edits. The u must be in column
one.
u
Second occurrence undoes all edits on the current line. The u must be in
column one.
rxyz
Replaces the current text with xyz starting at the position of r.
xyz
Replaces the current text with xyz starting at the position of x.
ixyz
Inserts xyz into the current line, starting at the position of the i.
ddd
Deletes three characters, one above each d.
d xyz
Deletes a single character above the d, skips one space, then replaces the
current text with xyz starting at the position of x.
ddixy
Deletes two characters, then inserts xyz in the current line starting at the
position of the i.
d d
Deletes one character above the first d, skips two spaces and deletes a
second character above the second d. It does not delete a range of
characters, making it unlike the MPE V version of Redo.
d d>xyz
Deletes a single character above the first d, skips two spaces and deletes
to the end of the line beginning at the second d, and then places xyz at
the end of line.
>xyz
Appends xyz to the end of the current line.
>ddxyz
Deletes the last two characters from the end of the current line and then
places xyz at the end of the line.
>rxyz
Replaces the last three characters in the current line with xyz.
>ixyz
Appends xyz to the end of the line. In this case, the i command is
superfluous, because > accomplishes the same result. Using >xyz would
be sufficient.
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 143
c/ab/def
Changes all occurrences of ab to def, starting at c.
c"ab"
Deletes all occurrences of "ab" starting at c.
cxyz
Replace the current text with cxyz, starting at c. Because delimiters have
not been specified (as they were in the previous two examples), this is a
simple replacement with the four characters.
144 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
New Command [N]
Creates a new, empty Qedit workfile and opens it. This can be either an unnamed
extra scratch file or a named workfile. The advantages of a workfile are that you can
instantly Open and Shut it, and that it compresses your data. You can use Text to
make a copy of a Qedit file when you wish to protect the work you have done.
NEW filename [,language [ (size) ]
NEW
(Default: extra scratch, 3200 lines)
Qedit shuts the current file and builds filename, which it then opens for editing. If
you leave out filename, Qedit creates a new extra scratch file and assigns it a number
(1,2,3..) so that you can recognize it in Verify Open and Open ?. Up to eight extra
scratch files are allowed (see also the TextJ command). You cannot Exit without
discarding or saving any edits you have done in an extra scratch file.
The language defaults to the current Set Lang value, but can be overridden.
If you want to force creating a Wide-Jumbo format, you should set the Length to a
value larger than 1,000 before issuing the New command.
/Set Length 2500
/New newwork
These commands create a new permanent workfile called Newwork. If you want to
create a new scratch file, enter the New command by itself.
The optional size is ignored by Qedit/UX. The maximum number of lines in a
Qedit/UX workfile is 99,999,999.
Examples
/new {create an extra scratch file}
/new memos {create an empty file named Memos}
/set lang job {define file as 80-column records}
/add
/new frankie {build frankie}
/aq 1=johnny {memos was shut automatically}
Building Workfiles with Text
You can also create new workfiles while doing a Text command.
/t frankie=johnny {build Frankie file ...}
{and copy Johnny into it}
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 145
Open Command [O]
Instantly opens or reopens a Qedit file for editing or browsing, as opposed to the
Text command which creates a copy of a file for editing.
OPEN filename[,BROWSE|DEFER|NODEFER]
*
*-n
?
(Default: edit primary scratch file)
Qedit shuts the current workfile and opens filename. The filename must exist (see
New and Text) and must be a Qedit workfile or scratch file. You cannot Open a
Keep file - you must first Text it into a scratch file.
Open filename,Browse opens a workfile for browsing in Qedit. You can use the List
command, including List-Jumping, Hold, Visual mode HH and ZZ, and any other
functions of Qedit which do not modify the file. Open-Browse protects you from
making unplanned changes to a file.
If you try to Keep the file with its original name i.e. you enter a Keep without a
filename, you will get an error.
/Open workfile,browse
/Verify Keep
Set Keep Name txtfile
/K
File opened with Browse, please specify a Keep file name
You can still force a Keep by specifying an explicit filename as in:
/Open workfile,browse
/Keep txtfile
TXTFILE.DATA.ACCT,OLD 80B FA # of records=16
Purge existing file [no]? y
Open filename,Defer opens the workfile without write access, but acquires write
access later if you attempt to modify the file. Set Open Defer On makes Defer the
default and Open filename,Nodefer overrides that command.
It is important to remember that certain workfile attributes and settings are normally
saved when the file is opened with write access. Some of these settings are the ZZ
marker, the current line marker (*), and a new default Keep name modified with Set
Keep Name. If you open a workfile in Browse mode, these settings are not updated
unless the file is re-opened with write access.
To reopen the file most recently accessed, do open *; for the file before that do
open *-1, then open *-2, and so. To select from a list of recently accessed files,
do open ?.
Examples
146 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
/open mail {want to edit Mail}
/c "stop"start" @
/open * {reopen previous file}
/list all
/open ? {select a recent file}
/visual
/open *-1 {select file before last}
/list "function"
/open *-2 {select file before that}
/hold 400/500
/open {edit scratch file}
Notes
Since you must Open a file before editing, any command that requires an Open file
creates a scratch file if none is Open.
If you attempt to Open a file which is not a Qedit workfile, you see a message
similar to the following:
/open qpart2
Error: Cannot open a non-Qedit file. Use Text command.
You need to Text this file, not Open it.
The Open Stack
Qedit maintains an Open-Stack of the ten most recently Opened files. One of these is
always reserved for the primary scratch file. You can have up to eight extra scratch
files (see TextJ and New), which take priority over named workfiles in the Open-
Stack. To reopen one of these files, do an open ? command. Open ? prints the list
and prompts for a relative file number, starting with zero for the most recent (same
as Open *).
Open *-n allows you to open one of the recently accessed files directly. Open *-
2 opens the third file in the list, since zero is the first.
When you open any file it moves to the top of the list and the other files are pushed
down one position. The Close command shuts the current workfile and removes it
from the list of recently accessed files. This is useful to stop desired file names from
dropping off the bottom of the list. If the file is a scratch file, you are prompted to
Discard Changes.
Set Open Defer On
If you use Set Open Defer On, the Open command does not acquire write access to a
workfile until you make a change to it. The workfile is opened with read access by
default, unless Qedit knows you are going to be writing to it (as when Text or Add
force an Open). If you only browse through the file, the Last-Mod date does not
change. This includes full-screen mode viewing. However, if you make any changes
to the file or use Set Left/Right/Length /Lang, Qedit reopens the workfile with write
access.
It is important to remember that certain workfile attributes and settings are normally
saved when the file is opened with write access. Some of these settings are the ZZ
marker, the current line marker (*), and a new default Keep name modified with Set
Keep Name. If you explicitly open a workfile in Browse mode or use Set Open Defer
On, these settings are not updated permanently unless the file is re-opened with write
access.
You can override the current Set Open Defer value by doing Open filename,Defer or
Open filename,Nodefer.
There are a few error conditions that may occur if you attempt to modify a file
because now someone else can edit the file while you have it open. For example, you
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 147
cannot obtain write access if someone else already has write access to the file. In
Visual mode, you may see the error "Unable to reopen file with write access.
Concurrent usage/backup?".
If "Error: File open by another Qedit Process" appears when you try to open a file, it
means that someone else is editing the file.
If you are working in Visual mode, someone can delete the lines you want to edit
after Qedit has displayed them on your screen. If this happens, Qedit does not update
your screen and displays this error message: "File has changed since page last
displayed. Another user?"
Crash Recovery
Qedit ensures the validity of workfiles after a system crash or program termination.
It checks to see whether the file was properly closed the last time. If the file was in
the midst of Renumber, Qedit completes the renumber. If the file was in the middle
of a Text, Qedit clears the file so you can do the Text over again. In all other cases,
Qedit prints a RECOVERY warning and searches through the file to eliminate any
duplicate lines. After a RECOVERY, examine the area of lines that you were last
editing. A few lines may be missing or out-of-date, but that is all.
File Modification Timestamp
When you use the Text or Keep commands on a file, Qedit stores the file's
modification timestamp in the workfile. If you Shut the workfile to do something
else, the next time you Open it, Qedit will compare the stored value with the file's
current timestamp. If they are different, it means that the original file has changed
either since you last worked on it or since the last time you saved your changes.
Qedit will alert you to the difference by displaying a message similar to the
following:
Warning: Original file has been modified since the
initial Text or last Keep !
The file timestamp can change for a number of reasons. Here are few examples:
• Someone else might have been working on that same file with Qedit
and saved their changes before you did.
• The file could have been restored.
• Maybe you used the file to test a program which modified the file in
some way.
Because the timestamp message is just a warning, Qedit continues its processing.
However, if you want to be sure you are not missing important data, you should
compare the contents of the file with your workfile and decide if it is safe to continue
editing your copy.
This is one way to compare the files:
• Use Verify Keep and write down the default Keep name
• Keep the workfile under a different name
• Use our Compare bonus program to display the differences between the
original file and the new version you just created
• Look at the report and separate the lines that you changed from the
ones you did not touch
• If needed, apply changes to your copy so that you do not miss anything
important
148 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
It is important to remember that certain Qedit commands will shut and open
workfiles on your behalf. The timestamp warning might appear when you do not
expect it.
By default, timestamp checking on Open is disabled. If you want to change this
setting, you can use the Set Open Checktimestamp command.
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 149
Proc Command [P]
Calls internal procedures to downshift and upshift lines.
PROC [ DOWN | UP ] [ rangelist ]
(Defaults: previous proc)
For DOWN and UP, the default rangelist is the current line (*); PQ shifts quietly
(i.e., without printing the lines); and PJ shifts with user verification (i.e., PJ prints
each shifted line and asks you to approve it).
Built-In PROCs to Shift Up or Down
The Up and Down Procedures put Roman-8 characters into uppercase or lowercase if
Set Editinput Extend is On. Otherwise, they only operate on A-Z and a-z.
The first time that you use Down or Up after running Qedit, they ask you to
configure them. There are 4 options: 1 means to shift every alpha character in the
lines, 2 means to skip over characters enclosed in double quotes ("), 3 means to skip
over characters enclosed in single quotes ('), and 4 means to skip over characters
enclosed in either double quotes or single quotes. If Down (or Up) finds a line with
unmatched quotes, it prints a warning and stops (unless the lines are part of a
COBOL program, in which case unmatched quotes are okay).
/open qedit.doc {open document file}
/list 415.1 {display a line}
415.1 You will need to Purge the old file.
/proc down 415.1 {try it lowercase}
Set Shift DOWN? 1(@) 2(") 3(') 4(" or ') [0]:2
415.1 you will need to purge the old file.
/proc up 415.1 {try it uppercase}
Set Shift UP? 1(@) 2(") 3(') 4(" or ') [0]:2
415.1 YOU WILL NEED TO PURGE THE OLD FILE.
/proc down {lowercase is better}
/proc 410/415 {downshift some more lines}
/pq 420/1002 {many more! quietly}
/pj up 1003 {upshift with approval}
1003 >GET D-LINE (Okay?) yes
If you always configure the shifting routines to the same option (e.g., skip strings
with double quotes), you can use Set Shift to define the configuration:
/set shift down 2 up 2
150 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
Q Command [Q]
Prints a message on $stdlist.
Q [ "string" ]
(Default: print a blank line)
The string of up to 80 characters is printed on $stdlist.
Use the Q command to print prompts from usefiles. This works especially well when
you use a file quietly.
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 151
:Redo Command [REDO]
Enables you to modify and repeat any of the previous 1,000 command lines.
REDO [ start [ / stop ] ]
[ string ]
[ ALL | @ ]
(Default: redo the previous command)
The :Redo command allows you to modify the commands before it executes them. If
you don't need to change them, use the :Do command. Commands are numbered
sequentially from 1 as entered and the last 1,000 are retained. Use the :Listredo
command to display the previous commands. You can redo a single command, a
range of commands, or the most recent command whose name matches a string.
The :Redo command uses MPE-style commands (D, I, R, U and >) to modify a line.
The following are some common commands. A complete list of commands appears
at the end of this section. The default mode is to replace characters. To delete, type
DDDD under the characters to be removed. To insert, type I under the insertion spot,
then the new characters. To undo your changes, type U. To append to the end of the
line, use >xxx. To delete from the end of the line, use >DD. To replace at the end of
the line, use >Rxxx. And to erase the rest of the line, use D>. See below for a
complete list of edits.
Examples
/ls /users/obb {"bob" is not spelled right}
/users/obb not found
/Redo {redo most recent command}
ls /users/obb {last command is printed}
bob {you enter changes to it}
ls /users/bob {the edited command is shown}
{you press Return}
/listredo all
/redo 5 {redo 5th command in stack}
/redo {redo previous command}
/redo -2 {redo command before previous}
/redo 8/10 {redo 8th through 10th}
/redo -10/ {redo -10 through last}
/redo rm {redo last rm command}
/redo rm test.c {redo last "rm test.c"}
/redo @test {redo last containing "test"}
Editing in :Redo
:Redo uses the same edits as the MPE/iX :Redo command, except that control
characters in lines are printed as dots "." so that you can see them. Use Set Modify
Hpmodify to select these MPE-style edits for all commands. If you prefer the Qedit-
style edits, use Set Modify Robelle to select Qedit editing for all commands,
including :Redo. If you prefer Qzmodify, use Set Modify Qzmodify to select
Qzmodify editing for all commands.
Persistent Redo
Redo commands can be saved in a permanent file and can therefore be used from
another session. You can use the Set Redo command to specify a file name to save
your redo commands. Please see the Set Redo command for details.
152 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
:Reflect Command [REFLECT]
Executes a Reflection command on your PC. Qedit checks whether the command
succeeds or fails. :Reflect allows you to control a PC from within your Qedit
Usefiles and shell scripts (send and receive files, backup your PC, execute PC
programs, etc.).
:REFLECT reflection command
(Defaults: none)
Examples
/reflect type mreport.crt
/reflect shell lotus
Version of Reflection
The :Reflect command depends on Reflection's ability to accept commands using an
escape sequence, and to be able to pass back a status code indicating whether the
command succeeded. These features are implemented in the following versions of
Reflection:
• Reflection 1 for DOS version 1.40 or later
• Reflection 3/7 for DOS version 1.55 or later
• All versions of Reflection for Windows
• All versions of Reflection for Macintosh
Debugging PC Errors
If the :Reflect command fails, Qedit will display the Reflection error-\code. For an
explanation of Reflection error-\codes, refer to the Reflection Command Language
reference manual.
Using Line Mode
Some Reflection command files work fine when executed from the Alt-Y command
line, but fail (possibly leaving your terminal in a locked state) when invoked with
Qedit's :Reflect command.
The reason is that Qedit's :Reflect command sends an escape code to Reflection to
invoke the command. Then Qedit waits for Reflection to send back a status code to
indicate when the command is finished. While Qedit is waiting for the result code
from Reflection, it isn't capable of executing other Qedit commands -- it's already
executing a Qedit command! The only thing that Qedit is capable of doing while it's
waiting is to execute any shell commands that Reflection might send to the HP 9000.
The reason shell commands must be accepted is that Reflection sends a command to
run unxlink2 whenever a file transfer is requested.
As long as the command or command file doesn't attempt to transmit any data to the
HP 9000, :Reflect will probably work the same way as Alt-Y.
For example, here is a Reflection command file that works from Alt-Y, but not from
:Reflect.
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 153
; EXIT.RCL
; This command file gets me out of Qedit, logs me off
; the HP 9000 and exits from Reflection.
;
transmit "exit^M"
wait 0:01:00 for "[no]:"
transmit "yes^M"
wait 0:01:00 for "$"
transmit "exit^M"
wait 0:01:00 for "terminated>"
wait 0:00:05
hardexit
Also see the chapter "Qedit Issues and Solutions" for more information.
154 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
Renumber Command [REN]
Renumbers a range of lines or the entire workfile.
RENUM [ firstline ] [ maxincr]
[ startline / stopline ] [ maxincr ]
(Default: entire file from 1.0 by current increment)
If you specify a range of lines (e.g., 101/102), Qedit spreads out the line numbers in
that range to allow as much space as possible between each line. The numbers of the
startline and stopline are not changed.
If you do not specify a range, Qedit renumbers the entire file, starting at 1.0 or from
the optional startline value.
If you specify a maxincr value, Renum will attempt to renumber with that increment.
If it must use a smaller value, it will print a warning. If you do not specify a maxincr
value, Renum attempts to use the current Set Increment value which defaults to 1.0
(except for standard COBOL which is 0.1).
Examples
/ren {assign new numbers to all lines}
/list 10/11 {show current line numbers}
10 The Renumber command
10.2 has two basic modes:
10.21 1. renumber an entire file
10.211 2. spread out a range of lines
11 to make room for new lines.
/add 10.21 {attempt to add a line}
Out of line numbers. Suggest Renumber.
/ren 10/11 {spread out line range evenly}
/list 10/11 {check new lines numbers}
10 The Renumber command
10.2 has two basic modes:
10.4 1. renumber an entire file
10.6 2. spread out a range of lines
11 to make room for new lines.
/add 10.4 {now you can add some lines}
10.5 (usually from 1.0 by 1.0).
10.51 //
Notes
If you keep adding new lines at the same spot in a file, Qedit will assign incremental
line numbers such as 3.01, 3.011, but it cannot add a line between 3.011 and 3.012.
The smallest increment between lines is 0.001. When you run out of line numbers,
Qedit warns you. You can Renumber a range of lines or the entire file to get around
this problem.
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 155
Replace Command [R]
Replaces lines with new text, either from Stdinx or from the Hold file.
REPLACE [ $HOLD ] rangelist
(Q=no printing, T=template, J=justified)
(Default: rangelist = *)
Replace $hold looks for new lines of text in the Hold file (see the Hold command)
and uses each to replace one of the lines of the rangelist. Replace without $hold
prints each line of rangelist, then waits for you to type a new line at the keyboard.
Pressing Return only erases the line! Replacej indents the new line the same
number of columns as the original line. $Hold can be abbreviated to $h.
Examples
/rq $hold 50/70 {replace from the Hold file}
/rq $h 50/70 {replace from the Hold file}
/rep 5 {replace line 5 only}
5 LINE 5 {prints existing contents}
5 NEW LINE 5 {prompts you with linenum}
Column Editing with $Hold
You can use the $hold option of the Replace command to do extensive column
editing:
/lt @
....+....10...+....20...+....30...+....40...
1 *****************
2 * Page One *
3 *****************
4 *****************
5 * Page Two *
6 *****************
/holdq 4/6 {hold the second page of text}
/deleteq 4/6 {now delete those lines}
/set left 20 {set your left margin to starting column}
/repq $hold 1/3 {overlay from the Hold file}
/set left 1 {don't forget to reset left margin}
/lt @
....+....10...+....20...+....30...+....40...
1 ***************** *****************
2 * Page One * * Page Two *
3 ***************** *****************
You can copy columns of text from one position in a line to another by setting
margins with the Set Left and Set Right commands, holding the columns of text that
you want to copy, setting new margins, and replacing the new column range with the
text in the Hold file.
156 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
Set Command [S]
Changes configuration options of Qedit.
SET keyword [ value ... ]
You can use Qedit in its default mode, as it comes out of the box. To get the most out
of Qedit, you will eventually want to try some of the optional features. To see all of
the Set options available and their minimal abbreviations, type Verify All at the
prompt.
/set modify hp {select MPE-style modify}
/set visual save on update on {full-screen options}
Each Set command may specify one keyword from among those listed below.
Here is a list of the Set keywords:
Account
Where to find Qedified compilers and help files.
Alias
Redefine Qedit commands or create new commands.
Autocont
Do not abort in batch on errors.
Check
Verify Delete or Justify > 5 lines, hold programs.
Decimal
Apostrophe means Control Character ('7 = Bell).
DL
Reserve memory in DL area for user Procs.
Editinput
Remove line noise; allow Roman-8.
Expandtabs
Expand tab characters into spaces when Texting.
Extentsize
Minimum sectors/extent for Keep and New.
Extprog
Attach an external program such as MPEX to Qedit.
Filename
Override file names on Help, Hint, Qzmodhlp files.
FORTRAN
External files default to FORTRAN, not SPL.
Hints
Disable the "hint of the day".
Hppath
Override default path for cmd/prog files (MPE V).
Increment
Default increment between added lines.
Interactive
Override batch/session mode.
Justify
Margins and options for justifying and centering.
Keep
Format of the next Keep file.
Language
Type of program or text to be kept in this file.
Left
Left margin for edit, list, keep (default=1).
Length
Maximum characters per line for a Lang=Text file.
Lib
Default Lib= for the :Run command.
Limits
Restricting features of Qedit available to user.
List
Format of LP listings; also LJ options.
Modify
Type of modify (Robelle, HP or Qzmodify).
Open
Default modes for Open Command (Defer, etc.)
Pattern
Switch back to old pattern-matching.
Priority
Switch Qedit execution to a new MPE subqueue.
Prompt
Replace "/" with new prompt string.
Right
Right margin for edit, list, keep, etc.
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 157
RL
Default RL= value for the :Prep command.
Shift
Configure how to up- and down-shift.
Spell
Configure how spell checks lines and words.
Statistics
Print CPU and wall time of each command.
Suspend
Whether to suspend on Exit or not.
Tabs
Set "tab" key and columns; set on terminal.
Term
Adjust number of terminal display columns.
Totals
Print number of lines processed by a command.
UDC
Recognize User Defined Commands in Qedit.
Undo
Disable/enable ability to "undo" changes.
Visual
Full-screen options (save fkeys, update, etc.).
Warnings
Print warning messages (or not!).
Whichcomp
Which COBOL compiler, etc.
Window
Rules for string search (columns, upshift, etc.).
Work
Default size/function of workfiles.
Wraparound
Move words to next line when long line Added.
X
Tag changed lines in COBOL file with string.
Zip
Configure auto-modify, first, last, all, etc.
To configure Qedit to operate as you like best, put your favorite Set commands in a
file named /opt/robelle/qeditmgr. These commands will apply to every user that
invokes Qedit. If you can't build /opt/robelle/qeditmgr or you don't think your Set
options will appeal to everyone, create the file $HOME/.qeditmgr with your personal
Set commands.
A typical configuration file for a COBOL shop might look like this:
{These are default Qedit values for all users:}
set lang cobolx all on {always use 80 columns}
set x date list off {mark changed lines with date}
set check on {verify delete/format of >5 lines}
set vis save 1 {Visual saves function keys}
z=listj */last {define Z command}
set shift down 3 up 3 {shift everything but strings}
Syntax of Set Commands
The syntax descriptions that follow list the initial values. These are also the defaults
that are used if you omit values in Set commands. For example:
Set Foo [ ON|OFF ]
(Default: ON)
(Initially: OFF)
The (imaginary) Foo keyword may be set ON or OFF. Initially when Qedit starts up
it is OFF. Thereafter, if you type Set Foo without specifying ON or OFF, the
default will be as though you had specified ON.
Error Messages
If you type a Set command that Qedit does not understand, you usually get an error
message telling you specifically what is wrong, sometimes suggesting valid values.
Occasionally you will see the error message
Error: Param.
158 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
This is Qedit's catch-all message for when you have typed something that it doesn't
like, and cannot guess what you meant.
Account
Set Account accountname
(Initially: same as the Qedit program)
This option does not apply to Qedit/UX. It is still accepted for compatibility with the
MPE version of Qedit.
Alias
Set Alias aliasname To aliasdefinition
Qedit commands have priority over any external commands, such as shell commands
and scripts. The fact that Qedit commands can be abbreviated to a few characters
(e.g., C for Change) and combined with various suffixes (e.g., CQ for Change Quiet)
has caused some problems with seemingly different external commands.
The new Set Alias command now allows you to override Qedit's command priority.
Aliases are always executed first. For example, "at" is the abbreviation for Qedit's
AddTemplate command (i.e., add new lines with a column template). If you want to
use the UNIX "at" command, you can get at it only by explicitly using the
exclamation mark prefix (!at).
Using the Alias feature, you can now use
/Set Alias "at" to "!at"
From that point on, entering "at" would always call the shell command.
The alias name and definition must be enclosed in a string delimiter such as quotes.
You must use the same delimiter for both items.
/Set Alias "SPJ" to "!ls /home/joe/spj*" {valid}
/Set Alias \SPJ\ to \!ls /home/joe/spj*\ {valid}
/Set Alias "SPJ" to \!ls /home/joe/spj*\ {invalid}
/Set Alias \SPJ\ to "!ls /home/joe/spj*" {invalid}
The alias name can have up to 50 characters. It can contain only alphabetic
characters. Although the alias should not contain numeric digits, special characters or
spaces, the Set command does not currently prevent you from using these characters.
If you do use them, the alias feature will not work properly. If you use an alias name
that has already been defined, the new definition replaces the old one.
The alias definition can contain up to 77 characters and can include one or more
commands. The definition can contain any command that can normally be entered at
the Qedit prompt, including other aliases.
You can use Qedit's command stacking feature to enter a series of commands and
create something that resembles a macro command.
Set Alias "Five" to "First;F 'string';List */*+5"
The length of all alias names and definitions cannot exceed 2,500 characters.
Stacked commands are separated by a semicolon (;). If you use UNIX commands or
shell scripts, you might have to use semicolons to separate parameters. This will
confuse Qedit. There are different ways to work around this problem.
You can put the command in another shell script that does not require parameters.
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 159
/echo find . -name core -exec rm {} \\\; > myscript
/chmod +x myscript
/Set Alias "SPJ" To "myscript"
The last option is to enclose the command and its parameters in parentheses.
/Set Alias "SPJ" To "L 1;(!find . -name core -exec rm {} \;);V"
If the command itself contains parentheses, you will have to use the shell script
approach.
Function Key
Set Alias Fkey keynumber To aliasdefinition
You can also assign an alias definition to a function key. Let's say you want the F1
key to perform a series of commands, simply enter
/Set Alias Fkey 1 to "ls /home/joe"
The function key number can only have a value of 1 through 8. The function key
aliases only work in Line mode. In full-screen mode, they are redefined to the
standard Visual meanings.
You can define function keys by specifying the escape sequence they transmit. For
example, the F1 key sends ESC+P. Thus you could use
/Set Decimal On
/Set Alias '27"p" To "ls /home/joe" {'27 is the ASCII code}
Ignorecase
Set Alias Ignorecase [ ON | OFF ]
(Default: On)
(Initially: Off)
On HP-UX, alias names are case-sensitive by default (i.e., spj and SPJ are not the
same). You can disable sensitivity with Set Alias Ignorecase On, in which case spj is
considered the same as SPJ.
Trace
Set Alias Trace [ ON | OFF ]
(Default: On)
(Initially: Off)
If you are nesting aliases and are experiencing problems, you can enable the alias
trace with Set Alias Trace On. Qedit then displays aliases as it executes them.
Remove
Set Alias aliasname OFF
If you want to remove a single alias, you can use Set Alias "SPJ" Off.
Reset
Set Alias Reset
If you want to remove all your current aliases, enter Set Alias Reset.
160 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
Autocont
Set Autocont [ ON|OFF ]
(Default: ON)
(Initially: OFF)
Normally, Qedit aborts in batch mode if errors occur. Set Autocont ON disables this
abort. If the ON|OFF parameter is omitted, ON is assumed.
Check
Set Check [ [ Delete | Justify ] ON|OFF ]
(Initially: both OFF, Hold Ask)
Causes Qedit to ask for approval before performing certain tasks.
Set Check Delete On asks approval before deleting more than 5 lines. Set Check
Justify On asks approval before formatting (i.e., Justify Format or Both) more than 5
lines. Both options are OFF by default. Set Check ON turns them both on and Set
Check OFF turns them both off. Or you can adjust them individually.
When Check Delete is ON, you are asked before deleting more than five lines.
/dq 1/10
Delete 10 lines [no]? yes
Regardless of whether Check is ON or OFF, you can always undo the effects of a
Delete or Justify, using the Undo command.
Decimal
Set Decimal [ ON|OFF ]
(Default: ON)
(Initially: OFF)
If you need to find nonprinting characters, you can enable the Decimal option. When
this option is active, character strings in Qedit can refer to characters by giving the
ASCII character code in decimal, preceded by an apostrophe:
/set decimal on {enable entry of control codes}
/list '7 {list all lines with Bell}
/c "~" '27 all {change "~" to Escape}
Set Decimal ON disables use of the apostrophe (') as a string delimiter, and the use
of ' as part of a string in the Change command.
Whenever you use the apostrophe with Set Decimal On, you have to use a space as a
delimiter between the search string and the replacement string. This means that you
cannot use the abbreviated syntax, as in
/c "abc"def" all
Qedit is able to determine that "abc" is the target string and "def" is the replacement
string. With Set Decimal On, the space between the target string and the
replacement string is mandatory. Also, it is possible to mix ASCII code values and
regular characters. Regular characters must be enclosed in another set of string
delimiters. For example,
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 161
/c '27"&d@" '27"&dJ" all { target=<ESC>&d@, replacement=<ESC>&dJ }
/l "abc"'13 { target is abc<CR> }
/l '9"ColumnData"'9 { target is <tab>ColumnData<tab> }
DL size
Set DL [ size ]
(Default: 132)
(Initially: 132)
This option does not apply to Qedit/UX. It is still accepted for compatibility with the
MPE version of Qedit.
Editinput
Set Editinput option value ...
Data ON|OFF
Command ON|OFF
Extend ON|OFF
Asian ON|OFF
(Initially: Data=OFF, Command=OFF, Extend=ON, Asian ON)
Normally Qedit accepts whatever you type as being valid. However, if you are
connected to the computer via a phone line you will probably find that strange,
nonprinting characters are getting into your files. These are generated by line noise.
You can use Set Editinput Data or Set Editinput Command to tell Qedit to remove
nonprinting characters from your input. However, nonprinting characters include
useful characters such as BELL and ESC. You can explicitly insert nonprinting
characters into your text using Set Decimal and Change, or using the WP or W$
function of Set Mod Qzmod.
Set Editinput Data ON removes "noise" from text added to your file in Line mode (it
has no effect on Visual mode).
Set Editinput Command ON removes "noise" from commands.
If you don't want to edit Roman-8 characters in either Line or Visual mode, use Set
Editinput Extend OFF. This tells Qedit to discard the Roman-8 characters as noise,
rather than allow them through as valid characters. The default setting is ON for the
benefit of European users. When Extend is ON, UPSHIFT string windows will work
on Roman-8 characters (e.g., List "ü" (up)).
Asian terminals use a two-character code for each symbol in the language. When you
set Extend ON, you also set Asian ON by default. This validates all possible
character codes from 128 to 255, not just 161 to 254 as used by the Roman-8
character set.
If you want Roman-8 characters, but don't want Qedit Visual mode to display
undefined control codes (such as decimal 130, which might be included in a file as a
printer control), use Set Editinput Asian OFF. Otherwise, some terminals change the
value of the codes, and other terminals just drop the codes from the file. When you
turn Asian OFF, Roman-8 characters may still be displayed and edited, but control
codes from 128 to 160 are displayed as dots (".") with a question mark to the left of
the line, indicating that they can only be edited in Line mode, not Visual mode.
162 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
Expandtabs
Set Expandtabs ON | OFF
(Initially: Off)
When Qedit encounters tab characters in an external file, it can either copy them as is
or it can expand them into the appropriate number of space characters (using the Set
Tab Stops value). The default is to leave them as is, in the file. You can enable the
removal of tab characters by expansion into spaces through use of Set Expandtabs
On. However, there are some applications that use tab characters as field separators
in their data files.
Extentsize
Set Extentsize keepfile [ workfile ]
(Initially: 100, 30 sectors)
This option does not apply to Qedit/UX. It is still accepted for compatibility with the
MPE version of Qedit.
Extprog
Set Extprog [ program [ parm ] [ Com [ ON|OFF ] ] ]
(Default: none)
(Initially: none)
This option does not apply to Qedit/UX. It is still accepted for compatibility with the
MPE version of Qedit.
Filename
Set Filename Help | Hint | Qzmod filename
(Initially: /opt/robelle/help/qedit)
By default, Qedit looks for the help file as /opt/robelle/help/qedit. You may force
Qedit to open specific file names with the Set Filename command. The Hint and
Qzmod options do not apply to Qedit/UX. They are still accepted for compatibility
with the MPE version of Qedit.
/set filename /usr/local/help/qedit
FORTRAN
Set FORTRAN [ ON|OFF ]
(Default: ON)
(Initially: OFF)
When Qedit is TEXTing in a file, it must decide what language type that file has. If
the file is a Qedit file, there is no problem, because the language type is stored as a
field within the file.
If the file is a Keep file, Qedit examines the record length, and position of the
sequence number field. Unfortunately, there is no foolproof way to distinguish
between SPL, PASCAL and FORTRAN source files, since all have sequence
numbers in columns 73-80. If the current language is set to FORTRAN, Qedit treats
the external file as FORTRAN. If the current language is not set to FORTRAN (i.e.,
to JOB, COBOL, SPL, etc.), Qedit treats the file as an SPL (or Pascal) file. If a file is
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 163
mistakenly created as SPL or Pascal, you can change it to FORTRAN with Set Lang
FORTRAN. You can also resolve the ambiguity by specifying the language after the
file name when you Text it (e.g., /text abc,fortran).
If you primarily edit FORTRAN source files, you can avoid this problem with Set
FORTRAN. When this option is set, Qedit will always resolve decisions on external
files in favor of FORTRAN, regardless of the current language setting. You may
then have to convert the occasional file from FORTRAN to SPL or Pascal.
Halfbright
Set Halfbright ON|OFF
(Initially: ON)
Certain monitors do not support halfbright display enhancements very well. Some
messages and prompts are hardly visible. To prevent Qedit from using halfbright,
enter Set Halfbright Off.
Hints
Set Hints ON|OFF
(Initially: ON)
This option does not apply to Qedit/UX. It is still accepted for compatibility with the
MPE version of Qedit.
Hppath
Set Hppath "path list"
(Initially: "!hpgroup,pub,pub.sys")
This option does not apply to Qedit/UX. It is still accepted for compatibility with the
MPE version of Qedit.
Increment
Set Increment linenum
(Initially: depends)
The default increment between new lines is 1.000 in SPL, FORTRAN, Pascal,
TEXT, RPG, JOB and COBFREE, and 0.100 in standard COBOL. You can override
this value with Set Increment. The linenum is a number between 0.001 and 10,000.
This increment is also used as the default increment in Renumber and in assigning
line numbers to external files that lack them.
Qedit will sometimes pick an increment smaller than your requested one. For
example, if you Set Inc 0.2 and do Add 55.2, Qedit will increment by 0.1 based on
the number of decimal places in 55.2.
Interactive
Set Interactive [ ON|OFF ]
(Default: no change)
(Initially: depends)
If you run Qedit from a Session, Set Interactive is ON. If you run Qedit with Stdin or
Stdlist redirected, Set Interactive is OFF. When it is OFF, Qedit will abort on any
164 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
error, will assume the default answer to any question, and will generally act as if
there is not an intelligent being typing the commands. When it is ON, Qedit waits for
answers to questions and does not trim trailing spaces from input lines (allowing you
to enter // plus a space as a data line in the Add command).
Entering Set Interactive with no ON or OFF parameter does not change the current
setting.
Justify
Set Justify [ keyword [value] ... ]
(Initially: NULL function, TWO OFF)
The Set Justify command allows you to configure Qedit for the type of justify
operations that you are going to use most frequently. These are then the defaults.
For example, the command
/set justify margin 70 two on null
causes
/justify both 5 {J=justify, B=both}
to be interpreted as
/j both margin 70 two on 5
See the Justify command for further details.
Keep
Set Keep [ option value ]...
(Default: same as Text file)
Determines the format of the next Keep file. Attributes are taken from the previous
Text or Keep, or they are based on the current Set Lang value. Qedit attempts to
duplicate the Text file as much as possible when doing the Keep. Use Verify Keep to
display the current Set Keep values, including the default file name.
The options you can set for the Keep file are ASCII, CCTL Checktimestamp, Code,
Lab, Name, Num, Var, Cobfree and Bytestream. All options are accepted by
Qedit/UX for compatibility with the MPE version of Qedit. However, you should
only use the CHECKTIMESTAMP, NAME, NUM and VAR options.
Set Keep ASCII ON|OFF
(Initially: ON)
Files can be either ASCII or Binary. Qedit takes this value from the file that you
Text, but will revert to ASCII ON for any new workfile. Even though Qedit will
create binary files with Keep, it is not recommended for use in editing binary files.
The reason is that Qedit treats Carriage Return as end-of-line, which may truncate
some records. ASCII files have their records padded with blanks; Binary files are
padded with zeros (nulls).
Set Keep Bytestream ON|OFF
(Initially: OFF)
POSIX introduces a new type of file called Bytestream. These files do not
necessarily have record structures that are similar to typical files on MPE.
Bytestream files come from the UNIX environment. To application programs, they
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 165
simply appear as a stream of bytes (hence the name). To MPE, these are variable-
length files in which each record contains only one byte.
When a Text command is used on an existing bytestream file, Qedit is able to
recognize the file and preserve its attributes on a Keep command. To create a new
bytestream file, you have to use Set Keep Bytestream On.
Because bytestream is sort of an extension to variable-length files, these two options
are closely linked. If you use Set Keep Bytestream On, the Variable option is also
enabled. If you use Set Keep Bytestream Off, the Variable option is also disabled. If
you use Set Keep Variable Off, the Bytestream option is also disabled. You can still
enable Variable by itself, without enabling Bytestream.
Set Keep CCTL ON|OFF
(Initially: OFF)
Ordinary ASCII files have the CCTL value OFF. When CCTL is ON, the first
column of each record must contain a carriage control value. Some of the common
values are "1" for new page, "+" for overprint, and " " for normal single-space. When
Qedit prints a file with CCTL in quiet-mode (i.e., no line numbers and no template),
it interprets the carriage control values.
Set Keep Checktimestamp ON|OFF
(Initially: ON)
Qedit stores the file modification timestamp in the workfile. It uses the timestamp to
determine whether the file has been modified since either the initial Text command
or the last Keep command was used. By default, timestamp checking on Keep is
enabled.
If you want to disable this feature, type
Set Keep Checktimestamp Off
If you wish to see the current saved timestamp, you have to use Verify Info.
Saved modification timestamp 2005/10/14 18:29:02
Trailing spaces in workfile are trimmed
Set Keep Cobfree ON|OFF
(Initially: On)
Qedit uses the file extension (.cbl, .CBL, .cob or .pco) to identify COBOL source
files. The .pco extension is typically used to identify Cobol source files that needs
to be processed by the Oracle pre-compiler.
If Qedit detects this attribute, it assumes the lines have a specific format. In
particular, it looks for the presence (or absence) of sequence numbers in the first six
(6) columns of each line.
If these columns do not contain numeric digits or spaces, Qedit assumes the file is a
free-format source file without a sequence number. The file is then assigned the
COBFREE language.
The Set Keep Cobfree option controls the format of the file when you Keep it back.
If this option is enabled (On), it means you allow Qedit to save files in the
COBFREE format (i.e., without sequence numbers). If this option is disabled (Off),
it means you don't want to create COBFREE files. When this option is disabled,
Qedit converts the file to COBOL, assigns it sequence numbers and writes them to
the saved file. A warning is displayed before this occurs.
166 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
/Keep
Warning: Lines are now numbered.
Language changed from Cobfree to Cobol.
COBFON.COBSRC.APP,OLD EDTCT # of records=26
Purge existing file [no]?
Set Keep Code nnn
(Initially: <null>, 0)
Any file can have a special file code to help identify what kind of data it contains.
Qedit workfiles, for example, always have a Code of 111, while COBOL source files
have a Code of 1052 (EDTCT).
You can create files with any code you like using Set Keep Code and the Keep
command. However, the file code cannot be changed if the Language is COBOL or
COBOLX.
Set Keep Label num
(Initially: 0)
This value is set to the number of user labels attached to the file, when you Text it.
Text filename,Labels will copy the user labels into the new file. Keep will append
those labels to the file, unless you do Keep filename,Nolabels. If you want to change
the number of user labels to be created on the new Keep file, do Set Keep Label n.
Set Keep LF ON|OFF
(Initially: ON)
To write Newline delimiters, use Set Keep LF ON. A delimiter is added at the end of
each line whether there was one or not in the original file.
To create a file without Newline delimiters at the end of each line, use Set Keep LF
OFF. The only Newline characters written to the file are the ones included in the
data.
Set Keep Name [ filename ]
(Initially: <null>)
The default name for Keep is the same name as the last Text or full Keep command,
if any. A "full" Keep is one without a limiting range or margins. The default is
invoked when you do a Keep without any parameters. You can set the default name
with this command.
If you do not specify a file name, the default Keep name is erased as if this was a
brand new file. If you erase the default Keep name or replace it with a new name, the
saved modification timestamp is erased.
Set Keep Num ON|OFF
(Initially: ON)
Keep files may or may not have sequence numbers. In standard COBOL files, the
sequence numbers are in columns 1 through 6. In all other files they are in the last
eight columns. When Qedit copies in an external file it remembers whether that file
was numbered or not (if not, new sequence numbers are assigned to each line in the
workfile).
When you set the language to Job or Text, Qedit turns the Num flag Off. This means
that default Keeps of these files will be without sequence numbers. You can always
override the Qedit default by doing an explicit Set Keep Num prior to the Keep.
Set Keep Var ON|OFF
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 167
(Initially: ON)
All HP-UX files are inherently variable-length. However, if you turn Set Keep Var
Off, Qedit/UX will keep your file with trailing spaces appended to each record to fill
them out to the current Set Length value. There will still be a newline character at the
end of each record. This appears to be what COBOL expects for a data file.
Language
Set Language lang
(Initially: SPL)
The lang codes accepted by Qedit are:
COBOL, COBOLX [ALL], SPL, FORTRAN, Pascal, RPG, Job, Text, Data, CC,
CPP, PowerHouse (PH), COBFREE, Html, XML, Java and QSL (Qedit Scripting
Language).
Initially when Qedit starts the language is assumed to be SPL, but this may be
changed when you Text a file ("SPL" stands for Systems Programming Language,
which is an obscure software tool on the original HP e3000 system; files have 80-
character records with columns 73-80 containing a sequence number). You can
override this default this with Set Lang. When you Set Lang, you also reset the
Window, the Length, the Left margin, and the Right margin.
The "language" sets the following file attributes:
1. Increment between lines
2. Number of digits in line number
3. Placement of line number (left or right)
4. Maximum data line length
5. Number of first data column
6. Name of compiler program file
7. Delimiters for Set Window (SMART)
8. Numbered or not for Keeps
The following chart shows the values set for each language:
Lang
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
COBOL
0.100
6
Left
66
7
COBOL
Special, not "-"
Yes
COBOLX
0.100
6
Left
74
7
COBOL
Special, not "-"
Yes
SPL
1.000
8
Right
72
1
SPL
Special, not "'"
Yes
Fortran
1.000
8
Right
72
1
Fortran
Any special
Yes
Pascal
1.000
8
Right
72
1
Pascal
Special, not "_"
Yes
RPG
1.000
8
Right
80
1
RPG
Ignored
No
Job
1.000
8
Right
80
1
Null
Any special
No
Text
1.000
8
Right
256
1
Null
Any special
No
Data
1.000
8
Right
1,000
1
Null
Any special
No
CC
1.000
8
Right
1,000
1
Null
Special, not "_"
No
CPP
1.000
8
Right
1,000
1
Null
Special, not "_"
No
168 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
PH
1.000
8
Right
1,000
1
Null
Special, not "-"
No
COBFREE
1.000
8
Right
1,000
1
Null
Special, not "-"
No
HTML
1.000
8
Right
1,000
1
Null
Special
No
XML
1.000
8
Right
1,000
1
Null
Special
No
JAVA
1.000
8
Right
1,000
1
Null
Special, not "_"
No
QSL
1.000
8
Right
1,000
1
Null
Special, not "_"
No
COBOL and COBOLX are identical, except that COBOLX allows data to extend
into columns 73-80, while COBOL does not. This is a protection against compile
errors for those programmers who do not use columns 73-80 for comments. You can
force all COBOL files to be in COBOLX format by using
/set lang cobolx all on
This is useful when you are using Set X to tag program changes with a string or the
date. You can change from a non-COBOL to a COBOL language, if the highest line
number in your file is less than or equal to 999.999.
The COBOL and COBOLX languages follow the COBOL standards very carefully.
These standards describe the format of a statement. Most, if not all, compilers
support the standards. Some compilers, however, allow a source file to be in a
different format. Here is a quick summary of the differences between COBOL,
COBOLX and COBFREE:
COBOL
COBOLX
COBFREE
Line numbers
columns 1-6
columns 1-6
none
Control column
column 7
column 7
column 1
Statements
columns 8-72
columns 8-72
columns 1-1,000
Comments
none
columns 73-80
None
Starting column
7
7
1
Variable length
no
no
Yes
Record length
72
80
1,000
The Data Language setting defaults to 256 characters per record, but it can handle up
to 8,172 characters in a Wide-Jumbo workfile. In a workfile of Jumbo format, the
limit is actually 1,000. To use Data, your workfile must be in Jumbo or Wide-Jumbo
format, which supports longer lines and more of them (99,999,999 instead of
65,535). If a non-Jumbo workfile is open, you will have to shut it before you can use
Set Lang Data and create a new workfile. To check whether your open workfile is
Jumbo or not, use Verify Open. If you see "No Recall" in the display, you are using
an old workfile. If you see "Jumbo" or "W-Jumbo" after the Language value, you are
using a Jumbo file.
Because RPG is a column-oriented language, SMART searches on RPG source files
are performed in DUMB mode.
In FORTRAN, spaces in the middle of names have no significance (i.e.,
CUST BOOK is the same as CUSTBOOK).
If a workfile is empty, you can set the Language to anything you like.
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 169
When you change Language, you change the maximum line Length. If Length is
reduced, as in going from Job to SPL, the lines are not actually truncated to the
shorter Length. They are only permanently truncated if you modify the lines.
Therefore, you can switch back to the previous Language at once and still recover
the full lines. (Note: when you switch from COBOLX to COBOL, lines with
comments are actually stripped of their comments.) Of course, when you Keep your
file, only the data within the new margins are kept.
Left
Set Left [n]
(Default: first column)
Set Left specifies a temporary left margin for your file. Existing data to the left of the
margin is not changed (unless you delete a line). When you copy or move a line with
Add, the entire line is moved. If you add new lines, they will contain spaces to the
left of the margin.
Set Left applies to all Qedit commands, including Visual, Modify, List, and Keep.
Don't forget to reset Set Left when you want to Keep a file.
Set Left resets the Set Window columns for string searches. See also Set Right.
Length
Set Length nn
(Initially: from file TEXTed)
Most files have a fixed record length determined by the Language setting (e.g., SPL,
COBOL, etc.). Workfiles with Language Text or Data can have their maximum line
length set to a custom value. "Text" defaults to 256, but can be set to any value
between 1 and 256 columns. "Data" defaults to 256 as well, but can be set to lengths
of up to 8,172.
Set Length will reset the Set Left/Right margins and the Set Window columns for
string searches.
When you reduce the Length, you should treat data beyond the new Length as gone,
unless you immediately reset the Length. As soon as you begin modifying lines,
Qedit begins reducing lines to their new maximum length. If you wish to reduce the
line length temporarily, use Set Right.
Lib
Set Lib G|P|S
(Initially: S)
This option does not apply to Qedit/UX. It is still accepted for compatibility with the
MPE version of Qedit.
Limits
Set Limits [ option value ] ...
Sys OFF
Run OFF
Colonreq OFF
170 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
Hold n
Proc x
(Initially: Sys ON, Run ON, Colon OFF, Hold 10, Proc 4)
Set Limits Sys Off disables the execution of shell commands from within Qedit. It
also prevents Qedit for Windows users from accessing host commands.
Qedit normally accepts shell commands with or without a prefix (colon or
exclamation mark). To enforce the use of a prefix for shell commands, use Set
Limits Colonreq ON.
These are one-way options -- once disabled, they cannot be enabled again by the
user.
The rest of the options do not apply to Qedit/UX. They are still accepted for
compatibility with the MPE version of Qedit.
List
Set List [ option value ] ...
The Set List command controls the format and functions of the List command. The
valid options are:
Page ON|OFF
page breaks on List LP
Lines nn
lines per page with PAGE ON
Name ON|OFF
file name on each PAGE
Num ON|OFF
number on each PAGE
Title ON|OFF
title on each PAGE
Dbl ON|OFF
double-spacing of List LP
PCL nn
LaserJet fonts and orientation
Record ON|OFF
use attached printer via Record Mode
LJ nn
lines per screen for List-Jump
QJ ON|OFF
"quiet" for List-Jumping (no seq#)
Endstop ON|OFF
no "End?" question in List-Jumping.
Even ON|OFF
outputs even number of pages
Odd ON|OFF
outputs odd number of pages
Nearest ON|OFF
displays warning or nearest line
For more information on Set List options, including examples, see the List
command. For a quick list of the PCL values and their meanings, see also the Quick-
Help: /hq set,list
Maxdata
Set Maxdata nnnn
(Initially: no stack expansion)
This option does not apply to Qedit/UX. It is still accepted for compatibility with the
MPE version of Qedit.
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 171
Modify
Set Modify [ option [ value ] ... ]
Qzmodify | HP | Robelle
Prompt ON|OFF
codes
Set Modify controls what style of line modify is used throughout Qedit. The defaults
are Qedit-style (^D for delete) in Modify and Before, with MPE-style (D for delete)
in Redo only. Set Mod HP forces MPE-style in all places, while Set Mod Robelle
selects Qedit-style and Set Mod Qzmod selects Qzmodify (a "what you see is what
you get" version of the Qedit-style). If you type Set Modify with no parameters you
go back to the defaults.
You also use Set Modify to control placement of the Modify line number and
redefine the Qedit-style control codes.
Prompt Option: Where to Print Line Number. Robelle Modify normally prints
the line number on the same line as the data. This makes lines look alike in List,
Delete, Add, and Modify, and also makes maintaining your tab stops simpler. On the
other hand, placing the line number on a separate line makes it easier to press
Control-Y and re-enter edits. Set Mod Prompt OFF separates line and number ("_"
represents the cursor):
/set modify prompt off
/modify 10.2
10.2
Now is the time for all good people
_
/set modify prompt on
/modify 10.2
10.2 Now is the time for all good people
_
You can also use the Quiet option not to see line numbers at all.
Replacing Modify with Hpmodify. If you prefer the MPE-style edits provided in
the :Redo command, do Set Modify Hpmodify.
Qedit will accept DDD to delete characters, Ixxx to insert xxx, Rxxx to replace with
xxx, and U to undo. Other edits include > to append, >D to delete from the end,
>Rxxx to replace from the end, and D> to clear the line. HP-style modify does not
support tab stops and always prints the line number on a separate line from the data.
See :Redo command for a complete list of edits. Hpmodify applies in Modify, Redo,
Before and modify in Change and Add.
Forcing Redo to Use Qedit-Style. If you like the Qedit-style modify better than HP
style and want to use it even in Redo, do Set Modify Robelle.
Replacing Modify with Qzmodify. To make Qzmodify the style throughout Qedit,
use this command:
SET MODIFY QZMODIFY [TAE|TAEOFF]
(Default: disable Qzmodify)
The TAE options apply only if you have a Telamon Type Ahead Engine:
• TAEOFF means to disable your Type Ahead Engine.
• TAE means to enable your Type Ahead Engine.
• The default is to ignore the Type Ahead Engine.
172 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
Qzmodify replaces the regular Qedit modify with a routine that allows "visual"
editing on HP terminals. Once you do Set Mod Qzmod, all modify operations within
Qedit will use Qzmodify, including Before, Redo, modify from within Change, and
the Modify command. To disable use of Qzmodify, enter Set Modify with no
parameters.
Qzmodify uses single-character reads, which you may find are a significant drain on
the resources of your HP e3000. Qzmodify will work over DS lines, but will be very
slow. However, avoid Control-Y and Break, because there are bugs in DS that
confuse the state of the terminal. Qzmodify does Setmsg OFF on your session and
Setmsg ON when it is exits; use Set Vis Msg OFF to leave Setmsg OFF all the time.
For details on the Qzmodify edit codes, either enter Qzmodify and type Control-Q or
see the Modify command.
Changing the Control Characters. You can change the default code assigned to
any function in the Qedit Modify command by using Set Modify:
^Set Modify (B ^x D ^x T ^x G ^x L ^x O ^x V ^x A ^x)
The Modify command uses nonprinting control characters for function codes. These
characters have ASCII values between 1 and 31 which are generated by holding
down the CONTROL shift key while striking another key. For example, the code for
Before is Control-B (^B, decimal 2). Because many terminals use specific control
codes for local functions (i.e., Control-B may clear the screen), Qedit allows you to
change the control codes assigned to Modify functions. However, the control codes
for Qzmodify cannot be redefined.
Using Set Modify, any or all of the control function codes can be changed. The
current codes are displayed in the Verify command. Each control-function change
consists of the first letter of the function name, followed by a space, then the
circumflex character and the desired control letter. For example:
/set modify (t ^Z)
This specifies that Control-Z (equal to decimal 26) is the control key for the
TERMINATE function. Certain control codes are not allowed and will be rejected.
Each function must be assigned a unique control character from among these:
A B C D G K L N O P R T U V W Z \ ] ^ _
Open
You can control the behavior of Qedit when opening workfiles. With the first option,
you can get Qedit to warn you if the workfile you are working on is not synchronized
with the file it is based on. The second option helps you preserve timestamps on
workfiles so that you have a better idea when the workfile has actually been accessed
and modified.
Set Open Checktimestamp ON|OFF
(Initially: OFF)
Qedit stores the file modification timestamp in the workfile. It uses the timestamp to
determine whether the file has been modified since the initial Text command or since
the last time the Keep command was used.
By default, timestamp checking on the Open command is disabled. If you want to
enable it, type
Set Open Checktimestamp On
Set Open Defer ON|OFF
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 173
(Initially: Off)
The Open command is used to access a Qedit workfile for editing. Normally, the
workfile is opened with write access, which updates the "Last Modified Date" of the
file, even if you don't actually make any changes to it. However, by doing Set Open
Defer On you can instruct Qedit to "defer" the write access until a modification is
attempted. Qedit opens the workfile with Read Access initially, then reopens it with
Write Access later if it is necessary to post a modification to the file. See the Open
command for more details.
It is important to remember that certain workfile attributes and settings are normally
saved when the file is opened with write access. Some of these settings are the ZZ
marker, the current line marker (*), and the new default Keep name modified with
Set Keep Name. If you explicitly open a workfile in Browse mode or use Set Open
Defer On, these settings are not updated permanently, unless the file is re-opened
with write access.
Pattern
Set Pattern Old|New
(Initially: New)
Qedit uses "@", "#", "?", and "~" to define a pattern to be matched. The original
pattern-match logic in Qedit did not allow you to look for a pattern that contained a
literal "@". The current pattern-match logic allows "&" as an "escape" character.
This means that you can look for any reserved pattern-match character by putting &
in front of it. For example,
/list "@first&@second@" (pat)
Note that the "escape" character does not match the ASCII escape character, whose
value is decimal 27 or octal 33. In this case "escape" means the same as the
"transparency" character in VPLUS/3000 pattern-matching: the next character
following the escape is to be treated as a literal instead of a pattern-match
metacharacter.
Two other characters have been reserved for future use: ^ and !.
To reset Qedit to the old pattern-match logic, use Set Pattern Old (the default is Set
Pattern New).
Priority
Set Priority CS | DS | ES
(Initially: logon priority)
This option does not apply to Qedit/UX. It is still accepted for compatibility with the
MPE version of Qedit.
Prompt
Set Prompt "string"
(Initially: "qux/")
The default prompt string is "qux/", but you can change that with Set Prompt.
174 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
set prompt "Qedit /"
set prompt "Sys2 /"
Redo
Set Redo [ filename ]
(Default: none)
(Initially: temporary file)
Commands entered at the Qedit prompt are saved in something called the redo stack.
You can recall commands from this stack by using other commands such as Before,
Do and Redo. By default, the redo stack is stored in a temporary file and discarded as
soon as you exit Qedit. This does no allow the stack to be preserved across Qedit
invocations.
Set Redo allows you to assign a permanent file as the redo stack, allowing the stack
to be available for future Qedit invocations. To assign the Myredo file as a persistent
redo stack, enter
/Set Redo Myredo
If the file does not exist, Qedit creates it. Otherwise, Qedit uses the existing file. All
your subsequent commands are written to the persistent redo stack. The setting is
valid for the duration of the Qedit session. As soon as you exit Qedit, the setting is
discarded. Next time you run Qedit, you will get the temporary stack. If you want to
use a persistent stack every time you run Qedit, you have to insert the Set Redo
command in one of the Qeditmgr files.
If the file name is not qualified, the redo stack is created in the current working
directory. This may be desirable if you want to have separate stacks. If you prefer to
always use the same persistent stacks, you should qualify the name.
The Verify command shows which stack is currently in use. If it shows
<temporary>, then Qedit is using the default stack. Anything else is the name of the
file used on the Set Redo command.
Concurrency
When Qedit uses the default, the temporary stack is only accessible to that particular
instance of Qedit. You can run as many Qedit instances as you need, and each one
gets its own redo stack. You will never have concurrency problems.
If you start using a persistent redo stack, however, you might start running into
concurrency problems. A persistent redo stack can be used only by one Qedit
instance at a time. If you try to use a persistent redo stack that is already in use, you
will get the following message:
/Set Redo Myredo
The redo file is already in use.
Unable to open file for REDO stack
In this situation, Qedit continues to use the redo stack active at the time and lets you
continue working as normal.
Suprtool, STExport and Suprlink also have the ability to have permanent redo stacks.
It is advisable to have separate redo stacks for each product, because they will write
commands to each other's redo stack if you supply the same file name.
For example if you use the command
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 175
set redo myredo
you will have a redo stack called Myredo for your Qedit commands. If you exit
Qedit and run Suprtool and supply the same Set Redo command, your Suprtool
commands will be written to the same file that is used for your Qedit commands.
This command is ignored if Qedit is run in server mode.
Right
Set Right [ n ]
(Default: same as Set Length)
(Initially: same as Set Length)
Set Right fixes a right margin for listing and editing lines in your workfile. Any
existing data to the right of the margin is retained unchanged while you edit to the
left of the margin. Set Right also resets the Set Window columns. See Set Left for
setting the other margin.
Remember, the left and right margins apply to most commands, including Visual and
Keep. To reset the margin to the far right edge, Set Right with no parameter.
RL file name
Set RL [ filename ]
(Default: none)
(Initially: none)
This option does not apply to Qedit/UX. It is still accepted for compatibility with the
MPE version of Qedit.
Shift
Set Shift [ DOWN n ] [ UP n ]
(Default: none)
(Initially: both 0)
Configures string logic for the built-in PROCedures, DOWN and UP. Valid values
are 0 through 4:
0
not configured
1
shift every character in the line
2
ignore characters within double quotes
3
ignore characters within single quotes
4
ignore characters within either single or double quotes
Spell
Set Spell [ option value ]...
(Default: <null>)
This option does not apply to Qedit/UX. It is still accepted for compatibility with the
MPE version of Qedit.
176 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
Statistics
Set Statistics [ ON|OFF ]
(Default: OFF)
(Initially: OFF)
If you turn Set Stat ON, Qedit prints the CPU and wall time after each command.
Stringdelimiters
Set Stringdelimiters POSIX | "DelimiterList"
(Initially: |\~%:'")
The initial list indicates the characters that can be used as valid delimiters.
The single quote (') is removed from the list if Set Decimal is enabled (On). Quote
characters (") are always valid delimiters (i.e., they cannot be removed from the list).
From full-screen mode's homeline, a tilde always represents the most recently
accessed line number. If the tilde is removed from the delimiter list, it also becomes
a reference in line-mode to full-screen's mode most recently accessed line.
The delimiter list itself must be enclosed between a pair of valid delimiters. The new
delimiters must be chosen from the initial list. If you do not remember what the
initial list is, simply enter the Set String command with a letter or a numeric digit as
a list. For example,
/Set String "a"
Error: Not an acceptable quote char: a
select from |\~%:'"
You can reduce the list to just a few characters. If you want to reduce it to just a
colon (:) and a number sign (#), enter:
Set String ":#"
From that point on, only quotes, colons and number signs can surround a string.
/List "filename"
/Find #procedure#
/Delete :badline:
/Change 1/7 \oldtext\ @ {this is invalid now}
The Posix option allows you to easily bring the delimiter list down to three
characters: quotation marks ("), a backslash (\) and a colon (:). This option is useful
when working with file names that contain a lot of special characters. It reduces the
number of parsing errors.
There is no easy way to bring the defaults back. You have to enter the Set String
command with all the characters in the initial list.
Tabs
Set Tabs ^char HP [ ON|OFF ]
(Default: Control-I, HP ON)
When you enter lines in Add, Modify, or Replace, Qedit looks for and interprets
"tab" keys. Each time Qedit finds a "tab", it fills the input line with blanks to the next
tab position. The default positions are every eight columns. If there are no more
positions, Qedit terminates the current line and saves the remaining text for the next
line.
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 177
Using Set Tabs, you can define the logical "tab" key to be any nonprinting control
code such as BELL (^G, decimal 7) or a printing character such as tilde (~). Control-
I is the default because it is the character most commonly used as the hardware TAB
key on terminals. All HP terminals generate a Control-I when TAB is pressed.
/set tabs ^i
/set tabs "~"
Set Tabs Hp Off tells Qedit not to set physical tab stops on your terminal (for
example it does not work on 2640 or non-HP terminals). With Set Tab Hp On (the
default), Qedit will update your terminal's tab stops at once. With Hp On, each time
you switch from Add to AQ (or any similar change that would shift the tabs left or
right on the screen), Qedit also resets the tab stops.
When using the TAB Key, remember that you must not backspace past the last tab
stop. If you do, Qedit will never see the TAB key.
Set Tabs STOP columns | NULL | nn nn nn nn ...
(Default: every 8 columns
NULL means no tabs)
By default, Qedit sets the tab stops every 10 columns (MPE) or 8 columns (HP-UX).
You can override this with Set Tabs NULL to set no tab stops, Set Tabs STOP n
(every 2 to 15 columns), or Set Tabs with a custom list of column numbers. The
maximum number of custom tab stops is 32. Remember that the columns of input
text are numbered differently depending on the source language. In SPL, Pascal,
FORTRAN, RPG, Text, Data and Job, the first column is numbered 1; in standard
COBOL, it is 7. You cannot set a tab in the first column.
/set tabs stop 8 {every 8 columns (9 17 25 33 ...)}
/set tabs 5 10 15 {SPL,FORTRAN,RPG,Job,Text,Pas}
/set tabs 12 16 20 {COBOL}
/set tabs null {cancel all tabs}
Term
Set Term Columns nnn
(Default: 80)
(Initially: 80)
When you run Qedit, it tries to determine the number of columns in the display width
of your terminal. The default is 80. You can override this value by setting the display
width manually and putting the correct value in the RCRTWIDTH variable. If the
variable is not set, Qedit queries your terminal for the width. If you change it
manually from within Qedit, you can force a re-query by doing Set Visual Stop.
However, there is an easier way.
On most terminals, Set Term Columns nnn adjusts the display width of your
terminal. You must be on an HP-type terminal whose width can be varied, and the
column value nnn can be between 80 and 999. It is better to use this command to
change the number of columns than to do it manually because the command also
adjusts your terminal listing file width, and other parameters within Qedit.
Set Term Columns is effective only for Line mode. When you enter Visual mode,
Qedit may adjust your display width to suit the file being edited and resets the width
when you exit completely from Visual mode or Qedit.
If you have set RCRTMODEL to 1234, Qedit assumes the terminal or emulator has
limited capabilities. Qedit assumes the display width can only be changed manually.
So, if Set Term Columns is used, Qedit displays:
178 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
Please change display width and press Enter:
and waits for confirmation from the user.
When you execute a command via the Home line and find yourself at the "Next
Visual?" prompt, Qedit may not have reset your display width because you often
immediately press Return to go back into Visual mode. Flipping the width frequently
is slow, erases your display memory, and sometimes causes irritating screen flicker.
Text
Set Text Exclusive ON|OFF Cobolfixed ON|OFF
(Initial: Exclusive OFF, Cobolfixed OFF)
Exclusive Access Control
When you text in a file, Qedit creates a workfile and copies the contents of the
original file into it. The original file is then closed. This means that other users on the
system can text in the file and make changes of their own. This is great for
concurrency but not so great for version control.
A new option, Set Text Exclusive, provides increased control over files that you are
editing. To enable, simply enter:
/Set Text Exclusive On
When this option is enabled, files that you text in are kept open for read-only access.
This means the files are still accessible to compilers and other programs with non-
conflicting access including Qedit with Set Text Exclusive disabled. In the latter
case, a user will be able to text the file in but will not be able to save changes with a
Keep command. When Set Text Exclusive is enabled, a user requires read and write
permissions to be able to Text in a file. If he only has read permission, he has to use
the Browse option on the Text command even if the file is not currently accessed.
Once Set Text Exclusive is enabled for all users and a particular file is being worked
on, subsequent Text commands immediately fail with:
Error: File open by another Qedit process
On a system where Qedit is the editor of choice, we recommend that Set Text
Exclusive be inserted in the /opt/robelle/qeditmgr file.
Once a file has been texted in, the user retains control over it. The file is released
when:
• another file is texted in
• the workfile is closed explicitly by a Shut command or implicitly by a
New or Open command
• the workfile is purged e.g. purge *
• Qedit is terminated
All these operations signal Qedit that the work is done on this file. When the
workfile is shut (explicitly or implicitly), Qedit tries to clear its contents. If the file is
clean (i.e., has not been modified), the file is erased. If the file has been modified,
Qedit prompts for a confirmation:
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 179
/shut
Reminder: you have not saved the changes to /home/bob/testisql.c
/var/tmp/qscr.CAAa09829
Clear file [no]?
If you answer No, nothing happens. The workfile remains open, the original file is
still in use and a warning is displayed.
File NOT cleared
Files still open. When Text Exclusive is On, workfile must be cleared
to Shut.
If you answer Yes, the workfile is cleared and the original file is released. This
accomplishes two things:
• releases the file so it can be used by someone else and does not remain
blocked
• forces the user to stop and decide what should be done with the changes
• forces the user to text the file in again to make sure he has the latest
version
Fixed-length Cobol Source Files
By default, all UNIX files are processed as variable-length files. If needed, you can
override this option using Set Keep Var OFF. Some Cobol compilers prefer to
have fixed-length records. It can quickly become tedious to enter the Set Keep
command after every Text command, not to mention the likelihood of forgetting to
do it.
If you wish to force all Cobol source files to be processed as fixed-length files, use
Set Text Cobolfixed ON. Every Cobol source texted in from that point will be
fixed-length. If a file has already been texted in, the Keep command will switch to
fixed-length records automatically. Qedit displays a warning in this case.
qux/v text
Set Text Exclusive OFF Cobolfixed OFF
qux/t mysource.cob
26 lines in file
qux/v k
Set Keep Ascii OFF Cctl OFF COde 0 Lab 0 Num ON Var ON Checktimestamp
ON
Set Keep COBfree ON NAme /users/robdev/qedit/test/file1CobFixed
Set Keep LF ON
qux/s text cobolfixed on
qux/k testcob.txt
Warning: Set Text Cobolfixed is On. File will have fixed-length
records.
/users/robdev/qedit/testcob.txt #Records = 26
Purge existing file [no]? Y
qux/set keep var on
qux/t mysource.cob
26 lines in file
qux/v k
Set Keep Ascii OFF Cctl OFF COde 0 Lab 0 Num ON Var OFF Checktimestamp
ON
Set Keep COBfree ON NAme /users/robdev/qedit/test/file1CobFixed
Set Keep LF ON
Totals
Set Totals [ ON|OFF ]
(Default: ON)
180 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
(Initially: ON)
Shows the number of lines changed, deleted, added, texted and moved by each
command.
The total line is considered a "warning" or status-type message. Therefore, Set
Warnings Off will disable Set Totals, as will Option Nowarn in a User Command.
UDC
Set UDC [ON|OFF|filename] [ LOCK ]
(Default: ON)
(Initially: OFF)
This option does not apply to Qedit/UX. It is still accepted for compatibility with the
MPE version of Qedit.
Undo
Set Undo ON|OFF
(Initially: ON in session, OFF in batch)
"Undo" is the ability to cancel the effect of previous commands that modified your
file. By default, Undo is enabled for interactive use and disabled in batch use of
Qedit.
Set Undo allows you to override that default, or even disable Undo around some very
large editing tasks, to speed it up.
Varsub
Set Varsub ON | OFF
(Default: Off)
When this option is enabled, Qedit parses entered commands looking for variable
names. If a variable name is found and currently exists, its value is substituted before
the command is executed. If the variable does not exist, the variable name is left
unchanged.
Warning: The trailing
comments limitation is an
incompatibility with older
versions.
Qedit commands are added to the Redo stack before the substitution occurs i.e. with
the variable name. So, if the variable value changes between the time the command
is entered and the time it is retrieved from the stack, the results may be different. It's
also important to note that commands related to Redo stack operations such as
Listredo, Do, Before can not have trailing comments enclosed in curly braces
anymore. The comments are not removed and likely cause a syntax error.
/listredo { see which commands I have entered so far }
Bad option, expecting ;UNN ;ABS ;REL or ;OUT
/listredo
1) t testisql
2) l "$myvar"
3) s varsub on
4) l "$myvar"
5) setvar myvar "qed"
6) l "$myvar"
7) LISTREDO { SEE WHICH COMMANDS I HAVE ENTERED SO FAR }
Variable names are identified by a leading dollar sign "$". For example, $HOME is
replaced with the current value of the HOME environment variable. Some Qedit
commands such as List have an extensive series of $-options which, as their name
implies, also start with a dollar sign. These options have precedence over
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 181
environment variables. In other words, if a variable has the same name as a $-option,
the substitution does not occur. The only workaround is to change the name of the
variable to something that does not conflict.
If you wish to prevent variable substitution and have Qedit interpret the dollar sign at
face value, insert a backslash immediately in front of it as in \$HOME.
The tilde is a special character with different meanings in Qedit. Among other things,
it can be a string delimiter or a shortcut pointing to the most recent current line in
full-screen mode. In HP-UX shells, it's also commonly used to designate the user's
home directory.
Here's how Qedit handles the tilde character. If it's still part of the string delimiter list
(Verify Stringdelimiter), it is used as such. If it's not part of the list and is entered by
itself on a line, it's interpreted as the most recent current line of full-screen mode. If
it's not part of the list, Set Varsub is enabled and is used anywhere else in a
command, it's replaced with $HOME. The Varsub feature would then substitute the
appropriate value.
Set Varsub On automatically removes the tilde from the string delimiter list.
Visual
Set Visual keyword [ value ] ...
(Default: see Visual)
The Set Visual command controls how Visual mode operates. The following section
shows how to change the number of lines per screen, how to set where the current
line will appear, and other options. New users should use Set Visual Update On. This
option does an automatic screen update whenever you press any function key. This
saves your changes even if you forget to press Enter when changing screens.
Here are the Set Visual options, with the minimal abbreviations shown in capitals:
Above
show 0 to 9 lines above * line?
ATtachmate
allow for KEA! emulator to widen to 500 columns
BELL
define printable substitute for "Bell"
Below
show 0 to 99 lines below * line?
Blockemulation
use block-mode emulation in Visual
BUF
change size of screen buffer
Carry
carry 0 to 9 lines to next page?
CLEardisplay
clear all of display memory or not?
Cutcurrent
keep cursor near original current line after cut-and-paste
Editonopen
return to full-screen after Open at Next Command prompt
Esc
define printable substitute for "Esc"
Field
redefine the GG/VV field separator (~)
HALfbright
use fewer enhancements in the status line
Hidetags
hide +1,+2 line tags with display enhancement
Home
put cursor on home line or * line?
Ignorelf
accept screens without line feeds
Inschar
enable Insert Character on your terminal
Label
load function key labels?
Marginfixed
do not change terminal right margin
182 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
MSG
leave Setmsg OFF or mesg n on exit from Visual
Renum
renumber screen if out of line numbers?
Roll
adjust number of lines on UP (F2)
Save
save and restore existing function keys?
SI
define printable substitute for "ShiftIn"
SO
define printable substitute for "ShiftOut"
Stop
reset Visual mode, forces restart.
TAB
define printable substitute for tab characters
TAE
make Qedit work with Telamon Type Ahead Engine
Update
automatically update screen every time?
Widen
whether to go beyond 80-columns of display?
Wordwrap
enable wordwrap in Reflection?
Above
Set Visual Above n
(Default=0)
By default, the * line is the first text line on the page. Set Vis Above specifies that
from 0 to 9 lines are to be shown above the * line.
ATtachmate
Set Visual Attachmate OFF | ON
(Default=Off)
When enabled and used in conjunction with the Attachmate's KEA! Terminal
emulator, Qedit is able to work with up to 512 colums.
Bell
Set Visual Bell 'nnn | "char"
(Default=None)
If you edit text containing Bell characters, they will appear as dots with a "?" at the
left of the line. Otherwise, they would disappear from your file when you press Enter
because Bells are not saved in display memory. To get around this problem, you can
define another character as a translation for the Bell character. For example, Set Vis
Bell "|" defines "|" to represent Bell.
When Visual needs to print a Bell on the screen, it prints a "|" instead. When Visual
sees any "|" on the screen, it converts it into a Bell internally. To avoid turning every
occurrence of the "alias" character in your file into a Bell, Visual prints a "?" for any
line with a valid alias already in it and will not let you update that line in Visual
mode (use Modify instead).
Below
Set Visual Below nn
(Default=19)
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 183
By default, Visual shows 19 lines below the * line. Set Vis Below can change this to
0 through 99 lines. Qedit reads and writes a fixed number of characters per screen
(see Set Visual Buf). If you Set Vis Below to a large number of lines such as 99,
Qedit may not have room in the screen write buffer for all of the lines requested.
Qedit prints an error message, attempts to reduce Set Vis Below to a value that will
work, and returns you to Line mode. You type "vis" to restart Visual mode.
Blockemulation
Set Visual BLockemulation ON | OFF
(Default=Off)
This feature does not work on
the hpterm terminal emulator
at the moment.
Full-screen editing as implemented on HP3000 computers only works on HP-UX
versions earlier than 11.0. On HP-UX 11.0 or later, full-screen editing is available in
Screen mode (Set Visual Screen On) on VT-type terminals or in Visual
Blockemulation emulation (Set Visual Blockemulation On) on HP-type terminals.
As its name implies, Blockemulation emulates block-mode operations by reading
each line one by one instead of reading the whole screen in a single operation.
Depending on the type of connection, this process might take a few seconds as the
cursor moves down the screen. Otherwise, it works the same as ordinary block-
mode.
Buf
Set Visual Buf nnnn
By default, Qedit reads and writes a maximum of 10,000 characters per screen. Set
Vis Buf will increase or decrease the size of the screen buffer. The minimum size is
2,000 characters and the maximum is 30,000. Increasing the buffer size may increase
the load on your network -- watch for hangs, delays, and write errors.
Carry
Set Visual Carry n
(Default=1)
The F5 and F6 keys move the screen display Backward and Forward one page. In
doing this, they carry over one line from the previous display for context. You can
vary the number of lines carried over from 0 to 9 with Set Vis Carry.
Cleardisplay
Set Visual Cleardisplay OFF
(Default=On)
This option tells Visual mode not to clear all of display memory before writing the
next page of text. Instead, Visual erases enough lines at the start of display memory
to make room for the Visual screen. This means that a Home Down will still show
you what was last done in Line mode and a Home Up will redisplay the Visual
screen. When you press Enter, only the Visual screen is transferred, up to the //
template line.
Do not use this option if you only have a couple of pages of display memory, or with
hpterm on HP-UX workstations (although it works fine with PC terminal emulators
and Qedit/UX).
184 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
In Reflection for Windows (versions earlier than 3.70), changing the display width
also clears display memory, beyond the control of Set Vis Cleardisplay. If you want
to retain your display memory, you also need to use Set Vis Widen Off.
Cutcurrent
Set Visual Cutcurrent ON | OFF
(Default=On)
This option tells Qedit where to put the current line marker after a cut-and-paste
operation. By default, Qedit sets the current line at (or near) the first pasted line. If
you turn the option Off with Set Visual Cutcurrent Off, Qedit tries to keep the
current line as close as possible to the current line position before the paste
operation.
This option only affects full-screen mode editing.
Editonopen
Set Visual Editonopen ON | OFF
(Default=On)
While in full-screen mode, you can enter shell commands at the home line. Doing so
causes Qedit to temporarily switch to line mode and prompt you for more commands
with NEXT COMMAND [VISUAL]. You have to hit RETURN or enter VISUAL to
return to full-screen mode.
There is one exception to this. If you enter an Open command at the prompt, Qedit
automatically switches back to full-screen mode after opening the file. This is the
default behavior.
If you wish to disable this option, use Set Visual Editonopen Off. When disabled, an
Open command is treated as any other command. In other words, Qedit continues to
prompting for more commands until you explicitly tell it to go into full-screen mode.
Esc
Set Visual Esc 'nnn | "char"
(Default=None)
If you edit text containing Esc characters, most will appear as dots with a "?" at the
left of the line. Otherwise the escape sequence would be executed by your terminal
and be lost. To get around this problem, you can define another character as a
translation for the Esc character. For example, Set Vis Esc "\" defines "\" as meaning
Esc.
When Visual needs to print an Esc on the screen, it prints a "\" instead. When Visual
sees any "\" on the screen, it converts it into an Esc internally. To avoid every valid
occurrence of an alias character turning into an Esc, Visual mode looks for alias
characters that already occur. Any line with a valid alias in it is printed with a "?"
and Visual will not let you update it (use Modify instead).
Field
Set Visual Field 'nnn | "char"
(Default=~)
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 185
When you divide a line with VV or glue lines with GG, Qedit looks for a special
character in the first line as the field separator. The field separator is the ~ (tilde) by
default, but you can redefine it to another character with Set Vis Field if you have
many natural occurrences of the tilde in your text. For example, Set Vis Field "|"
redefines the field separator as |.
Halfbright
Set Visual Halfbright ON
(Default=Off)
The standard status line uses display enhancements all across the screen to highlight
the status fields. For a status line with fewer display enhancements, use Set Vis
Halfbright On.
Hidetags
Set Visual Hidetags ON
(Default=Off)
The Hidetags option replaces the +1,+2,+3 line tags on your screen with a Security
Video enhancement and some line drawing characters. This makes the Visual screen
cleaner and less confusing. However, the option only works if your terminal supports
both Security Video and line drawing. It works on the 700/92, the 2392, the Cumulus
terminal, and with Reflection 1 for DOS. It fails with hpterm (HP-UX), on some
versions of Reflection for Windows and Macintosh, and all versions of Session.
Home
Set Visual Home ON | OFF
(Default=On)
After processing the Enter key or a function key, Visual places the cursor on the
===> line. This makes it convenient to enter a command. You must then press
Return a few times to move the cursor down into the text. Set Vis Home Off puts the
cursor at the first column of the * line instead. After a Find or Findup, this means the
cursor will appear on the first character of the found string.
Ignorelf
Set Visual Ignorelf ON
(Default=Off)
Normally, when Qedit reads the screen it finds a Return and line feed at the end of
each line. Qedit uses this information to divide the characters of the screen read into
lines and then match them up with the lines in your file. However, some networks
strip the line feed from the lines, sending only the Return. In this case, Qedit will
print an error such as "Missing status line" and the qscreen dump will indicate that
Returns were found without line feeds. It may be easier to reconfigure Qedit than
your network: the Set Vis Ignorelf On option directs Qedit to accept screens with
only a Return at the end of each line and without the line feed.
Qedit enables the Ignorelf option whenever it is being run on the Qcterm terminal
emulator.
If you are using the Minisoft 92 terminal emulator from Minisoft Inc., you should
always enable the Ignorelf option.
186 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
Inschar
Set Visual Inschar ON
(Default=Off)
By default, Visual mode disables Insert Char and you must enable it after each time
you press Enter or a function key. Set Vis Inschar On tells Visual to enable Insert
Char each time it displays the screen.
Label
Set Visual Label ON | OFF
(Default=On)
When you memorize the eight function keys, you can speed entry into Visual by
disabling the "labels" on the screen. Use Set Vis Label OFF. This only works with a
2645 terminal, where the labels must actually be painted into the display memory
every time a new page is written.
Marginfixed
Set Visual Marginfixed ON | OFF
(Default=none)
Qedit normally adjusts the terminal right margin and display width based on the file's
record length. This caused some terminal emulators like hpterm to behave erratically.
When Marginfixed is enabled, Qedit does not change the terminal settings. It
assumes the right margin is the physical display width. This should work properly as
long as the user let's Qedit poll the terminal for the information. If the user decides to
override this function by setting the RCRTWIDTH variable or change the width with
Set Term Columns, Qedit trusts that the user has set the terminal properly.
Users should be aware of two things when Set Marginfixed is ON. If a file is
narrower than the configured width, nothing prevents the user from entering text
beyond the file's right edge. This extra text will simply be ignored.
If the file is wider than the configured width, Qedit tries to display as much text as it
thinks it can. This causes the text to overflow. However, instead of truncating the
extra characters, the emulator writes them out on the last displayable column. For
example, if a file has 100 characters but the configured width is 80, the first 79
characters are displayed correctly. Characters 80 through 100 are written to column
80. The net result is characters 80 to 99 are lost and character 100 ends up in column
80 on the screen.
Msg
Set Visual Msg ON | OFF
(Default=On)
Visual always disables messages from other users (using Setmsg OFF on MPE and
mesg n on HP-UX). On MPE, this is why a Showjob will show QUIET. Normally,
Visual re-enables messages upon Exit (using Setmsg ON on MPE and mesg y on
HP-UX). If you want messages to be left disabled at all times, use Set Vis Msg OFF.
These same rules apply to Qzmodify.
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 187
Renum
Set Visual Renum ON | OFF
(Default=On)
When you insert lines, Qedit attempts to assign them new line numbers between the
existing lines. Sometimes this is impossible, as between 500.01 and 500.011. In this
case, Qedit will renumber the lines on your screen to make room for the new lines.
Qedit uses the appropriate Increment value that ensures proper renumbering. The
value it chooses might be different from the current Increment value.
Although this value also affects operation of the Add command in Line mode, it does
not affect the Divide command.
You can disable this option with Set Vis Renum Off.
Roll
Set Visual Roll nn
(Default=6)
The F2 key means "roll the current screen up" by 6 lines. You can vary the number
of "roll" lines from 1 to 20 by doing Set Vis Roll nn. You can also do an individual
"roll" of any size by pressing Home Up, typing +n or -n and F7.
Save
Set Visual Save Fast | ON | OFF | 1
(Default=Off)
Set Vis Save ON causes Qedit to save your function keys upon entry into Visual and
reset them again on exit. If you only want to save the keys on the first entry into
Visual (and reset them to the same values on every Exit), use Set Vis Save 1.
The 700/92 terminal and Reflection have the ability to save and restore the current
user function keys within the terminal memory. If you do Set Vis Save Fast, Visual
will take advantage of this feature, which is much faster and invisible to the user.
This feature only works on Reflection if the Terminal ID is configured to 700/92 and
on versions greater than 3.3 (DOS), 3.6 (Macintosh), or 3.7 (Windows). If Qedit
decides that you do not have this feature, it will revert to a regular Set Vis Save On.
Screen
Set Visual Screen ON | OFF
This option, only available on HP-UX, controls which full-screen editing interface
Qedit will use. When it is set to Off, Qedit uses Visual mode. When it is set to On,
Qedit uses Screen mode. On HP terminals, Off is the default; on VT terminals, On is
the default.
SI
Set Visual SI 'nnn | "char"
(Default=None)
If you edit text containing ShiftIn characters, they will not appear on the screen.
Even worse, if there is ShiftIn character but no ShiftOut character preceding it on a
line, the ShiftIn character disappears from your file when you press Enter. This is
188 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
done "on your behalf" by the terminal or terminal emulator. To get around these
problems, you can define another character as a translation for the ShiftIn character.
For example, Set Vis SI "|" defines "|" to represent ShiftIn.
When Visual needs to print a ShiftIn on the screen, it prints a "|" instead. When
Visual sees any "|" on the screen, it converts it into a ShiftIn internally. To avoid
turning every occurrence of the "alias" character in your file into a Shiftin, Visual
prints a "?" for any line with a valid alias already in it and will not let you update that
line in Visual mode (use Modify instead).
SO
Set Visual SO 'nnn | "char"
(Default=None)
If you edit text containing ShiftOut characters, they will not appear on the screen.
From the location of ShiftOut, the display switches to the alternate character set
which typically is the Line Drawing set. When you press Enter, the terminal or
terminal emulator automatically inserts an escape sequence in front of the ShiftOut.
The escape sequence is <esc>)B. To get around this problem, you can define another
character as a translation for the ShiftOut character. For example, Set Vis SO "|"
defines "|" to represent ShiftOut.
When Visual needs to print a ShiftOut on the screen, it prints a "|" instead. When
Visual sees any "|" on the screen, it converts it into a ShiftOut internally. To avoid
turning every occurrence of the "alias" character in your file into a ShiftOut, Visual
prints a "?" for any line with a valid alias already in it and will not let you update that
line in Visual mode (use Modify instead).
Scrollup
Set Visual Scrollup 'nnn | "char"
(Default="-")
You can enter a minus sign in one (or both) copy/paste columns in full-screen mode.
A single character scrolls up the number of lines defined in the |5Set Visual Roll
option. Enter 2 minus signs to scroll up twice the number of lines and so on.
The minus sign is the default scrollup character. You can change it to another
character that you may find easier to type. It must be a printable character and must
not be a valid copy/paste code. Valid codes are: A B C D F G H J M P R
V Z ? !. Use Set Visual Scrollup "c" to change the character.
You can enter Set Visual Scrollup "" to reset it back to the default character.
Stop
Set Visual Stop
The Set Visual Stop command resets Qedit to an uninitialized state. On your next
function, Qedit will re-identify your terminal and re-check the entire context. Use
this when changing your terminal configuration while inside Qedit.
Tab
Set Visual Tab 'nnn | "char"
(Default=None)
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 189
If you edit text containing tab characters, most will appear as dots with a "?" at the
left of the line. Otherwise the tab characters would be executed by your terminal and
be lost. To get around this problem, you can define another character as a translation
for the tab character. For example, Set Vis Tab "\" defines "\" as meaning tab.
When Visual needs to print a tab on the screen, it prints a "\" instead. When Visual
sees any "\" on the screen, it converts it into a tab internally. To avoid every valid
occurrence of an alias character turning into a tab, Visual mode looks for alias
characters that already occur in the text. Any line with a valid alias in it is printed
with a "?" and Visual will not let you update it (use Modify instead).
TAE
Set Visual TAE ON | OFF
(Default=OFF)
To make Visual mode work with Telamon's Type Ahead Engine, use Set Vis Tae
On. Qedit sends out a Control-A "A" upon entry to Visual mode and a Control-A
"V" on exit. These special codes disable and re-enable the TAE. However, Control-A
may be a code for your modem or network and could cause a problem. If you do not
have a TAE, the "V" may appear on your screen upon exit from Visual mode.
Update
Set Visual Update ON | OFF [ Except 7 ]
(Default=Off)
If you find that you are losing work by pressing F5 or another function key before
you have saved your screen work with the Enter key, this option is for you. When
Set Vis Update is ON, Qedit does an automatic screen update with every function
key. This makes it almost impossible to lose your changes, but it does slow down
Visual mode. However, you may do *> F7 or *< F7 to move ahead or back one page,
without updating the current page. Note: to refresh the screen, type * in the home
line before pressing any function key or Enter.
If you want to be able to execute a command via F7 without updating the screen, use
Set Vis Update On Except 7.
Widen
Set Visual Widen 76 | 80 | OFF
(Default=80)
The Widen option controls whether and when Visual will request and use more than
80 display columns on your terminal. For example, you can control whether to
switch the 700-series terminal into 132-column mode and widen Reflection's Display
Memory. The default value is Set Vis Widen 80, which causes Visual to go into
wider-mode whenever Length is greater than 80 columns. Therefore, with this value
Visual will switch your 700 series terminal into 132-column mode and expand the
width of Reflection's Display Memory. Set Vis Widen Off restricts Visual mode to at
most 80 columns.
Reflection version 5.x and later allows you to set the display width to a value
between 80 and 512. Qedit can detect this feature and use it whenever possible.
Qcterm emulates a 700/92 terminal but supports up to 200 columns. Full-screen
mode takes advantage of the extended width when appropriate.
190 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
If Visual switches into 132-column mode when the Length value for your file is
higher than 80 columns, this means that a Job file with exactly 80 columns will not
go into 132-column mode and you won't be able to see columns 77 through 80.
However, you can reconfigure Visual to switch into 132-column mode when Length
is greater than 76 by doing Set Vis Widen 76.
Some new versions of Reflection will automatically switch into 132-column display
when Qedit asks to widen display memory. To have Qedit follow the Set Vis Widen
rules, you must have Reflection 4.2 for DOS, Reflection 3.6 for the Macintosh,
Reflection 4.0 for Windows; add 20,000 to the value in your RPCVERSION
variable. In some versions of terminal emulators, you have to explicitly tell the
software which type of graphics adaptor you have. You need to refer to your
computer manual, or use the MSD utility program included with newer versions of
DOS and Windows. The RCRTMODEL variable is also useful for controlling 132-
column mode.
Qcterm emulates a 700/92 terminal and can have a display width of 80, 132 or 200
columns. Qedit takes advantage of these widths when necessary.
Wordwrap
Set Visual Wordwrap ON | OFF
(Default=Off)
The Set Vis Wordwrap option enables wordwrap for new lines. This makes Visual
mode much better for entering memos and documentation. If you have Reflection
4.00 for DOS or Reflection 5.0 for Windows, Set Vis Wordwrap allows you to keep
typing at the end of your line. There is no need to press Return. The overflow words
will automatically be moved to the following line. Words will not be split arbitrarily.
The Reflection Wordwrap feature only works when entering new lines. It does not
work with INS CHAR. Because it does not work in Line mode, Qedit enables and
disables it as you enter and exit Visual. The Reflection configuration setting called
Force-80-Columns must be set to No for Wordwrap to work properly. If you cannot
turn off this setting for compatibility with other software, then try Set Visual Widen
Off in Qedit.
XX
Set Visual XX [ startline [ / endline ] ]
(Default=reset)
Set Visual XX defines the lines that should be excluded from the full-screen mode
display. Excluded lines are replaced by a single line.
--- Excluded Area --- 10/34.5
This line shows the line numbers which are currently excluded. If no parameters are
specified, the current excluded area is reset. An excluded area must have a start and
an end line. If only startline is specified, the excluded area is incomplete. An
appropriate message is going to be displayed on the status line next time the user
goes into full-screen mode.
To complete the excluded area, enter another Set Visual XX command with another
line number. This number is going to be used as the endline. Of course, you can
specify both startline and endline on a single command.
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 191
/Set Visual XX 5 { Sets the start line. XX incomplete. }
/Set Visual XX 10 { Sets the end line. XX=5/10 }
/Set Visual XX 5/10 { Sets XX to 5/10 }
Labels in Line Mode
This is not a Set command, but an environment variable value.
Normally, Qedit always displays the modes keys except within Visual mode. You
have the option of displaying the User Keys instead, or removing the labels from the
screen. This is done by setting a shell variable before running Qedit:
$RLABELDEFAULT=2; export RLABELDEFAULT
%setenv RLABELDEFAULT 2 {C shell}
Valid values for this variable are as follows:
0 don't care, Qedit displays modes
1 terminal has NO labels (2645)
2 display user keys
3 display modes keys
4 remove labels from screen
5 display default F1-F8 key labels
6 display the Qedit labels
These values define which key labels will be displayed when you are in Line mode
rather than Screen mode.
Technical Notes
Qedit turns echo off (echo is reset to its previous state on exit), disables the Break
key, and disables messages from other users (:Setmsg OFF on MPE and mesg n on
HP-UX). Visual disables your Type Ahead Engine (if you have one and have not
done Set Vis TAE Off), and puts your HP terminal into block-mode, page-mode, but
with Format off. Qedit loads the function keys with their default values, and writes
descriptive labels for them.
Warnings
Set Warnings [ ON|OFF ]
(Default: OFF)
(Initially: ON)
When you put commands in a usefile for an end-user, it is often irritating to have
Qedit print numerous warnings and status messages (i.e., Shut Qeditscr, * = 55,
Warning: Noline, etc.). Set Warnings OFF will suppress all of those warnings. It also
suppresses printing the line when you enter a line number to move the current
position (i.e., /55 sets * to 55, but does not print line 55).
Whichcomp
Set Whichcomp keyword value ...
(Initially: COBOL, FORTRAN 66, Pascal V, IN Robelle)
This option does not apply to Qedit/UX. It is still accepted for compatibility with the
MPE version of Qedit.
192 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
Window
Set Window ( [ window ] )
(Default: all columns, exact match)
Set Window establishes the default window, or conditions, for string searches in all
Qedit commands. You can override the default by specifying an explicit window in
any command (e.g., list ".BEGINKEY" (1/10 UPS) ). Once a window is
set, it remains in effect until the next Set Window command. See the Change
command and the "Glossary" for further details on window.
The window itself consists of two parts: a range of column numbers to search, and
four independently enabled options that determine how to select a line.
( [ column / column ] [option ...] )
A column is a number between the Left and Right margins of the file. Qedit searches
only the specified range. An option is one or more of these:
[NO]Match
select lines with[out] string
[NO]Upshift
upshift before searching [or not]
[NO]Smart
ensure match is a "symbol" [or not]
[NO]Pattern
string is a pattern to find [or not]
[NO]Regexp
string is a regular expression to find [or not]
The default window is all columns, Nosmart, Noupshift, Match, Nopattern and
Noregexp.
A pattern may include at-signs (@) to match anything, # to match a single numeric
character, ? to match a single alpha-numeric, and tilde (~, wavy line) to match zero
or more blanks. Any other character must be matched exactly. (To match a pattern
character itself, precede it with an ampersand: "& ".) For example, to look for
"QEDIT" followed by "TOOL" in the same line, use:
/set window (pattern upshift)
/list "@Qedit@Tool@"
Either or both parts of the window can be Set in one command:
/set window (1/10)
/set window (smart upshift)
/set window (1/20 upshift)
/set window (pattern)
To reset the window to the defaults, enter:
/set window ( )
Work
Set Work keyword value ...
(Initially: Block 8, Temp ON, Labels OFF,
Jumbo ON, Random ON, Trailingspaces ON, Size 3200)
Set Work specifies the default size, attributes and functions of Qedit workfiles. Most
of Set Work does not apply to Qedit/UX. However, Set Work Jumbo, Set Work
Random and Set Work Trailingspaces do apply. The syntax of Set Work is as
follows:
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 193
Set WORK [ options ]
Jumbo
ON | OFF
Control use of
Jumbo workfiles
default ON
Random
ON | OFF
Control use of
random scratch file
name
default ON
Trailingspaces
ON | OFF
Preserve or remove
trailing spaces
default ON
Jumbo. Jumbo Off disables use of Jumbo workfiles. It can also be used if you want
to build an original format workfile. For example,
/set work jumbo off
/new oldfmt
/set work jumbo on
Workfile. By default, Qedit creates a workfile named /var/tmp/qscr.xxxxx whenever
it needs it. /var/tmp is used by default. If you want to specify a different location,
enter the new path name in the TMPDIR environment variable. Keep in mind that
Qedit works with absolute filenames and these names can not have more than 240
characters.
TMPDIR=/home/user1/tmp
export TMPDIR
You can force Qedit to use only the file named QEDITSCR by using Set Work
Random Off.
Trailing Spaces. By default, Qedit preserves trailing spaces on all lines in a
variable-length file. Set Work Trailingspaces ON requests that Qedit preserves
trailing spaces and make them significant characters. The option also allows creation
of odd-length lines.
Once enabled, all workfiles created or opened from that point will have trailing
spaces preserved. To check the current status, do:
/Verify Work { Checks global setting }
Set WOrk Jumbo ON Block 8 Labels OFF Temp ON Size 3200 Random ON
Set WOrk TRailingspaces ON
/Verify Keep { Checks current workfile }
Set Keep Ascii OFF Cctl OFF COde 0 Lab 0 Num OFF Var ON Checktimestamp
ON
Set Keep COBfree ON NAme /home/user1/afile.txt
Set Keep LF ON
/Verify Info
Saved modification timestamp 2003/04/30 13:23:17
Trailing spaces preserved
The last line shows that trailing spaces are preserved in this workfile. If the option is
disabled, that line reads Trailing spaces trimmed. Disabling the global
setting with Set Work Trailing Off does not disable the option in the workfile. You
have to clear the workfile after disabling it.
The Trailingspaces setting is stored in the workfile so it's recognized when the file is
opened in the future. These workfiles may contain data specific to Trailingspaces.
This may cause unexpected behavior if opened with versions prior to 5.4.11. Because
trailing spaces are now treated as significant characters, Keep files created from
these workfiles may be different from Keep files created with an older version.
194 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
Wraparound
Set Wraparound [ chars | ON|OFF ]
(Default: ON)
(Initially: OFF)
The Wraparound option is intended to make line-overflow in the Add command
more friendly. When it is enabled and a line-overflow occurs during entry of new
lines, Qedit splits the long line between two "words" and prompts you with the
overflow words on the next line. An appropriate continuation line is generated for
FORTRAN and COBOL source files. There is no wraparound capability in Visual
mode, due to limitations of the HP terminals. The Reflection for DOS terminal
emulator, however, can do wraparound in Visual mode. See Set Visual Wrap for
details.
The chars option allows you to specify the maximum number of characters you will
be able to type before pressing the Return key. You can specify any number of chars
between 150 and 5000. When Wraparound is ON, and no chars parameter is
specified, the default maximum number of characters that you can type before
pressing Return is 256.
When you do an Add command, you can "burst" enter an entire page without looking
at the screen. Do not press Return at the end of each line -- just keep typing. Qedit
will put the words into lines for you. Press Return once only at the end of each page
of text.
At the end of a paragraph (or any other time that you need to do an "end of line"),
type Control-C and start typing the next line. Do not put a space after the Control-C
unless you want the next line indented. For a blank line, press Control-C twice in
succession.
You end the Add command as always by entering "//". Then you may use Visual or
Modify to correct any typing mistakes you may have made. Qedit will fill the words
into lines that are less than or equal to the current Set Length value. To create lines
of a specific length, use Set Lang Data and Set Length.
X
Set X keyword value ...
(J=justified)
(Initially: <null> List ON Tab OFF Local OFF Global OFF)
Set X configures automatic tagging of source changes in COBOL programs. The
syntax of Set X is as follows:
Set X [ options ]
["xx"][dateform]["xx"]
define the tag content
default is a null string
List ON | OFF
control the display of tag
columns
default ON
Tab ON | OFF
allow manual editing of tag
columns
default OFF
Local ON | OFF
tag value saved in workfile
default OFF
Global ON | OFF
allow use of local tags
default OFF
Null
reset global and local tags
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 195
To check on the current tag value and options, use Verify X.
If you want all COBOL changes to be tagged, all files must be have Set Lang
Cobolx, not Set Lang Cobol. You can enforce this for all users by putting Set Lang
Cobolx All On into your Qeditmgr file.
Tag format. The Set X command allows several formats for the date tag, plus the
ability to replace, precede or follow the date with a short string. Once you have
configured your "X" tag, Qedit will automatically mark all changed lines in
COBOLX files with that tag in columns 73 to 80.
The dateform parameter can be any of these options:
Keyword
Sample
DATE
22 NOV99
DDMMMYY
22 Nov99
CCYYMMDD
19991122
YYMMDD
991122
MMDDYY
112299
DDMMYY
221199
DDMMMYY and CCYYMMDD occupy 8 characters, but YYMMDD, MMDDYY
and DDMMYY occupy only 6. Therefore, the last three can be combined with a
string giving your initials, before or after today's date.
/set x "rg" yymmdd {tag is "rg991122" }
Null vs Blanks
Entering Set X without parameters, Set X Null, or Set X "" effectively turns off the
tagging feature. Tags on modified lines are not changed. Lines without tags do not
get one. Lines that already have tags retain their current values.
This is different from setting the value to blanks, as in Set X " ". With this setting,
tags on modified lines are actually cleared.
List. The List option tells whether the comment tag should be shown during normal
editing and listing of lines. The default value is ON, but you can disable listing with
S X List OFF. Even though the comment tag is not listed, it is still part of the line
and is retained when you Text or Keep the file.
When you edit a COBOLX file in Visual, Qedit sets the right margin in column 72
(instead of column 80). In this way, you can see the comment field (columns 73
through 80) but it won't shift left when you delete characters.
Line Overflow
Tagging can be disabled by specifying an empty string.
Set X Null
Set X ""
While disabled, the text and tag areas are treated as one. As such, edit commands,
such as Change, are applied to the complete line.
Also, if a tag is specified and the List option is On, tag values are treated as part of
the text.
If a line has a tag value and an edit operation, such as Change or Modify, causes the
line to expand, Qedit reports an overflow error. To avoid this, you can Set X to Null,
196 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
but you would have to remember the previous setting. A better solution is to turn the
List option Off temporarily. The X value is preserved, but the tag area cannot be
edited.
Margins. For those users who still must enter and edit the tag field manually, Set X
Tab On puts Qedit's Visual right margin at column 80 instead of column 72. This
makes it much easier to edit those columns because you can tab to them.
Local Tag. Users can define a tag that is specific to the workfile currently opened.
The local tag value is stored in the Qedit control blocks. Thus, the local tag is
preserved when you Shut the workfile. You can also control the tag display for a
specific workfile with the List option.
To enable the local tag option, simply enter
/Set X Local On
From that point, any changes to the tag are recorded in the workfile. The statement
above sets the local tag to a null value. You can specify the new value on a similar
statement so that it can be used immediately. Because a local tag is workfile-specific,
if you switch to a different workfile, the local tag option is automatically disabled
and Qedit starts to use the default tag again.
If you want to stop using the local tag, enter Set X Local Off. This clears the local
tag value and Qedit starts using the default default tag. Enabling the local option
again does not return the tag to its previous value.
If you are strictly using the Text and Keep commands to edit your source files, the
information is lost as soon as the workfile is purged or cleared.
Global. By default, users can define their own local COBOL tag. If this is
undesirable, system managers can enforce the use of a single tag for all COBOL files
by using
/Set X Global On
Once enabled, users are not allowed to use the Local option of the Set X command.
They can still use the Set X command, but only the global tag value can be changed.
To allow the use of local COBOL tags again, simply enter
/Set X Global Off
The global tag has priority over any local tag. If you are accessing a workfile with a
local tag and you disable the Global option, Qedit resumes using the saved local tag.
/Set X "localtag" Local On
/Verify X
Set X "localtag" Local On Default "ME990204" List ON Tab OFF
/Set X Global On
/Verify X
Set X "ME990204" Global On List ON Tab OFF
/Set X Global Off
/Verify X
Set X "localtag" Local On Default "ME990204" List ON Tab OFF
When the local option is enabled, the first tag shown on the Verify output is the local
value. It is followed by the words Local On. The global tag is displayed after the
keyword Default.
Null. If you want to reset all COBOL tags currently in use (global and local), use the
Set X Null command.
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 197
Change Confirmation. The justified option, "SetJ", displays the current X values
including the active tag, the default tag and the local tag settings. It applies the
changed settings entered on the command and, lastly, it displays the revised settings.
When none of the Cobx tags are set, the output is:
Set X values before this command:
Active tag value=, List ON
Default tag value=, List ON
Local tag value. NONE List NOT SAVED
Set X values AFTER the command:
Active tag value=, List ON
Default tag value=, List ON
Local tag value. NONE List NOT SAVED
The first 4 lines show the current settings. The last 4 show the settings after the
requested change has been applied. When there is no tag value, Qedit displays an
empty string or the word "NONE". When the List option displays as "NOT
SAVED", it means the Local feature is enabled but the List setting has not been
explicitly set yet.
If the tag values are set, the result strings are displayed as in:
/set x local off
/set x "GB" yymmdd
/set x local on
/setj x "LC" yymmdd
Set X values before this command:
Active tag value=, List ON
Default tag value=GB011213, List ON
Local tag value. prefix= suffix= dateform=0 List NOT SAVED
Warning: Local ON: only updates tag for this workfile, not defaults.
Set X values AFTER the command:
Active tag value=LC011213, List ON
Default tag value=GB011213, List ON
Local tag value. prefix=LC suffix= dateform=2 List NOT SAVED
In this example, the first Set command turns Local X off. The second Set command
changes the default tag to the prefix "GB" followed by the current date in year-
month-day format. The third Set command turns Local X back on and, finally, the
SetJ command sets the local tag to the prefix "LC" followed by the date in the same
format. Looking at the SetJ output, there is the then-current default tag, "GB011213",
with List enabled. There was no local tag and List was not set at that point.
The new local tag is applied and produces a warning. After the change, the active tag
is the local one and List is enabled (default value). The default tag is unchanged. The
last line provides details on how the local tag was constructed. The List option still
shows as NOT SAVED because it has not been changed explicitly after Local X was
turned on.
Verify. The Verify command displays detailed information about the local and
default settings.
/verify x
Set X Tab OFF "ME011214" List ON
/set x local on
/verify x
Set X Tab OFF Local On "LC011214" List ON Default: "ME011214" List ON
Zip
Set Zip characters
(Initially: []@{} )
198 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
The Set Zip command changes the special abbreviation keys provided in Qedit. The
Zip list of characters is positional and without quotes:
1st character
FIRST
[ is the default
2nd character
LAST
] is the default
3rd character
ALL
@ is the default
4th character
Left
{ is the default (see Add)
5th character
Right
} is the default (see Add)
6th character
auto-mod
OFF by default (inactive)
Therefore, the default Zip list is: []@{}. The only way to reset ZIP to its default
value is to re-enter these codes in a Set Zip command.
Auto-Modify in Add. The "auto-modify" character (the 6th one) is disabled by
default. If you do Set Zip []@{}_ to specify "_" as the "auto-mod" character,
whenever you end a command line, or a new text line in Add, with an underline,
Qedit puts you into Modify on that line.
For example, Set Zip [%:~+? specifies [ for FIRST, % for LAST, : for ALL, ~ for
shift-left, + for shift-right, and ? for auto-modify. You may specify any special
characters you like for these functions, but each must be unique and must not conflict
with the other characters configured in Qedit (e.g., TAB, $).
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 199
Shut Command [SH]
Closes the current workfile. May also rename it.
SHUT [ filename ]
(Default: close with same name)
With no filename parameter, Qedit merely stops editing the current file. Although
Qedit will close the current workfile for you when you Open another one, you may
sometimes want to Shut explicitly. One thing that Shut does is guarantee that all of
your changes are actually posted to the disc and will not be lost if the system fails or
you disconnect yourself by attempting to make a phone call on your modem phone.
To post your changes to the disc without closing the workfile, specify any shell-
command (e.g., ls).
You may want to leave your terminal for lunch, in which case it is a good idea to
Shut your current file. You can always use Open * to reopen it when you return.
/shut {you may shorten Shut to SH}
/open * {reopen same file later}
If you are using a scratchfile and specify a filename parameter, Qedit saves the
scratchfile as a permanent Qedit workfile. In this case, the filename must not exist. If
you are using a Qedit file, Qedit renames it before closing.
qux/t myfile1
'Language' is now DATA {copy of myfile1 in scratchfile}
20 lines in file
qux/sh myfile1
Retained existing file for you. {myfile1 already exists. No change.}
qux/sh myfile1.work {renamed to myfile1.work}
qux/open *
Open /home/user1/myfile1.work Current = 1 Margins = 1/80
qux/sh myfile1.newwork
File renamed.
Examples
/open crept45.dev {open source file to edit}
/modify 5/ ... {make some changes...}
/shut {close workfile}
200 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
Spell Command [SP]
The Spell command is not available in Qedit/UX.
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 201
Text Command [T]
Copies a file into Qedit. Use Text to convert a file into Qedit format or to make a
copy of an existing file. After a Text, the new copy is "open" and ready to edit or
browse.
TEXT filename [,type]
filename [,SAVETABS]
filename [,BROWSE]
filename [,NEW]
filename [,SETINCR]
filename [,LABELS]
filename [,LENGTH size]
workfile [,workformat] [ (size) ] = filename [,type]
(Q=unnumbered)
(J=extra scr file, same as ,NEW)
(Defaults: size = 50% bigger)
If you do not specify a workfile, Qedit checks to see if you have a workfile Open and
it is empty. If it is, Qedit will Text filename into it. If not, Text uses the primary
scratch file. If you do Text xx,New or TextJ, Qedit creates an extra scratch file to
receive the copied file. You can have up to eight extra scratch files (as well as the
primary scratch file) and switch among them with Open ?.
Use filename,type to override the attributes that Qedit assigns to your file. Use
workfile,workformat to override the attributes assigned to the workfile. See below for
details.
The Text command works on any file that you can read, but it truncates records
longer than 8,172 columns and prints a warning. You can use Qedit to edit binary
files.
The Text filename,Browse command copies a file into Qedit, but it won't let you
modify the file. You can use the List command, including List-Jumping, Hold,
Visual mode HH and ZZ, and any other Qedit functions that do not modify the file.
There are two advantages to Browse mode: it protects you from making unplanned
changes to a file, and it does not update the Mod-Date of the file.
An asterisk (*) as filename means the workfile most recently shut.
If you do specify a workfile name, Qedit shuts your current workfile and creates a
new workfile to hold a copy of filename.
If you try to Keep the file with its original name i.e. you enter a Keep without a
filename, you will get an error.
/Text txtfile,browse
/K
File opened with Browse, please specify a Keep file name
You can still force a Keep by specifying an explicit filename as in:
202 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
/Text txtfile,browse
/Keep txtfile
TXTFILE.DATA.ACCT,OLD 80B FA # of records=16
Purge existing file [no]? y
Examples
Make copy of source file, change and save it:
/text hwsy.src {copy Hwsy.Src into scratch file}
/modify 10 {make changes}
/keep {save changes}
Absolute File Name
When you Text a file, Qedit remembers the absolute path name of the file, not the
relative name. This becomes the default for the Keep command. If you Keep with an
explicit name, Qedit remembers the absolute path of that name. If you do Set Keep
Name xxx to override the default Keep name, Qedit remembers xxx as a relative
name, not as an absolute name. This gives you all the options you need to take
advantage of the cd command within Qedit.
How to Text Several Files?
Qedit has a primary scratch file that is referred to as "Qeditscr". Any time you take
the default options for Opening or Texting a file, your work will be in the Qeditscr
primary scratch file.
What if you want to edit two or more files and copy lines between them? You could
Text the first file, Hold the desired lines, Keep your changes, then Text the second
file and insert the lines. However, if you are doing a large number of edits, the
constant Text and Keep operations are inconvenient.
A faster method is to Text each file into an extra scratch file of its own. Then use
the Open ? or Open *-n command to switch quickly among them. By default Text
always copies the file into the primary Qeditscr scratch file. However, Qedit can
supply up to eight extra scratch files. Use the New option (text abcdef,new) or do
Text-J (textj abcdef).
The New command can also create extra scratch files. Warning: If you do New;Text
file,New you will create two Extra Scratch Files, not one.
Saving Your Work
When you Exit, Qedit checks whether you have any unsaved edits in any of your
scratch files. If so, you are prompted to Discard? them, or stay in Qedit to save them.
Qedit also asks you to Discard your changes if you Close a scratch file, which
removes it from the Open-Stack and purges the file.
Clearing the Workfile
Sometimes Qedit will ask you if it is okay to clear the existing contents of the scratch
file and sometimes it won't. If you have not made any changes to the scratch file
since you last did a Text or Keep, Qedit assumes that you have another copy of the
lines and it is okay to delete the copy in the scratch file.
In batch, the answer to the "Clear?" question will always be "yes". If you know the
answer you want, you can append it to the file name parameter just as you do in the
Keep command:
/text abc,yes
/text def,no
Using Set Keep for File Attributes
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 203
When you Text a file, Qedit remembers as many attributes of the file as possible.
When you later Keep the file, Qedit attempts to reproduce the original file. The Text
command does an implicit Set Keep command to record what it has discovered about
the Text file.
Using TextQ for Numeric Data Files
TextQ means "text quiet" or "text unnumbered" and is the same as using ,UNN after
the filename. Use TextQ to edit any data file that may contain numeric digits in the
last eight columns. Otherwise, Qedit may interpret those digits as sequence numbers,
if the first five records of the file contain data that looks like ascending sequence
numbers.
Treatment of Sequence Numbers
Qedit retains whatever sequence numbers it finds in the external file. If Qedit finds
an invalid number, it begins assigning new numbers starting from the last valid
number and adding Increment.
If the file does not have sequence numbers, Qedit assigns new ones, starting at 1.0
and going up by a calculated increment. The calculated increment is based on the
file's current characteristics such as the number of records.
This works well in the majority of cases. However, there are cases where the
calculated increment is not accurate enough or the user wishes to have a specific
increment. This can be done by setting the increment with the Set Increment
command. Then, use the Setincr option on the Text command.
/Text bigfile {Use calculated increment}
/Set Increment .02 {Set the increment value}
/Text bigfile,Setincr {Override the calculated increment}
Files with Header Records
Text has an option to skip 1 to 9 records before deciding the "language" of the
external file. The format is as follows:
TEXT lines/filename
where lines is the number of lines to skip over.
This is useful with source files from external sources, such as IBM machines, that
may have control cards without sequence numbers, followed by a numbered COBOL
source program. By skipping the control cards, Qedit may recognize the file as a
COBOL program, instead of a Job file.
Tab Character
By default, Qedit retains tab characters in a file when it Texts the file. However,
another option is to expand the tab characters into spaces (to the next tab as
established by Set Tabs Stop). You can expand tabs on a specific file by using the
Expandtabs option on the Text (or List or Add-File) command. To force all file
accesses to expand tabs, do Set Expandtabs On (the default is Off). With Set
Expandtabs On, use the Savetabs option to access a file without expanding tabs into
spaces:
/text srcfile,expandtabs
/set expandtabs on
/text dbfile,savetabs {override Set Expandtabs On}
If you are editing files with tab characters, see Set Vis Tab.
Overriding Qedit's File Type
204 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
Sometimes Qedit will interpret the format of the external file incorrectly. You can
override the file type that Qedit would assign by appending a file type keyword to the
file name:
filename,COBOL
filename,FTN
or FORTRAN
filename,SPL
filename,PASCAL
filename,JOB
filename,RPG
filename,TEXT
filename,COBFREE
filename,DATA
forces Jumbo workfile
filename,UNNUMBERED
filename,HTML
filename,XML
filename,QSL
filename,JAVA
The keyword may be shortened to any leading substring, but the comma is required.
You cannot use this option to force Qedit to warp a file into something that it is not.
You can only use it to resolve ambiguities (i.e., between FORTRAN, Pascal, and
SPL, which look the same).
/text funny {this should be a COBOL file}
Language is now JOB {but it has a file code of 0}
678 lines in file
/text funny,cobol
Language is now COBX
678 lines in file
File Modification Timestamp
When you use the Text command on a file, Qedit stores the file's modification
timestamp in the workfile. You can display the timestamp by using the Verify
command. Qedit uses the stored timestamp to perform some verification if you try to
either Keep the file or Shut and re-open the workfile.
$File Keyword
File names containing special characters might cause problems to Qedit. For
example,
/Text file:name
Error: Extra or invalid character in Text command
If you run into this problem, you can use the $file keyword instead. The $file
keyword can be used wherever a file name is expected, such as in Text, Add, List.
The syntax is:
$file[=]"filename"
$File is a reserved keyword, which is followed by an optional equal sign and the
actual file name enclosed in string delimiters. Without doing anything to the string,
Qedit tries to open the specified file. The previous example now becomes:
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 205
/Text $file="file:name"
10 lines in file
Implicitly Folding Wide Lines
When texting files, Qedit assigns a language to the file. This is done by looking at
file characteristics such as the file extension. Each language has a set of predefined
attributes. One of these attributes is the maximum line length. As it reads the file in,
Qedit is able to detect lines exceeding the maximum length. When that occurs, Qedit
folds the line. Characters exceeding the maximum are moved to separate lines.
Since folding lines is equivalent to inserting new lines, Qedit has to renumber the file
from that point. When all this occurs, Qedit displays a warning message. For
example, if Qedit is texting in a Cobol line which maximum length is 80, a line with
200 characters is going to turn into 3 lines.
qux/t /home/demo/longline.cbl
'Language' is now COBX
Warning: Found line(s) over 80 characters. Lines folded and
renumbered.
Error: line number out of sequence (001200) - renumbering the rest
See line 1.2
16 lines in file
Line 1.2 is the beginning of the long line. The file now looks like this.
1 This is really the first line.
1.1 This is the second line.
1.2 This line is too long. Qedit will split it into multiple lines of
roughly
1.3 the same length. Line folding is not smart. In other words, words
can be s
1.4 plit in the middle.
1.5 "commit work" cw
Originally, lines 1.2, 1.3 and 1.4 were together forming one very long line.
Explicitly Folding Wide Lines
There are 2 file types on UNIX: files with Newline delimiters at the end of each line
and files without Newline delimiters. By default, Qedit/UX can not handle files
without Newlines or files with lines longer than 8,172 characters. It is possible to
edit these files by folding the content into manageable pieces. This is done using the
Length option. Use this option to specify the size of each line. The maximum value
is 8,172.
When reading the file in, each Qedit/UX read retrieves the specified number of
characters until it reaches the end of the file. Lines will all have the same size except
the very last line, if the total size of the file is not evenly divisable by the specified
size. For example, if the file contains 8,000 characters and the specified Length is 80,
Qedit/UX creates 100 lines. If the file contains 8,020 characters, there will be 100
lines of 80 characters and the last line will only have 20 characters.
If the Length option is used, Qedit/UX assumes the file does not have any Newline
delimiters even if it actually had some. These characters are processed as if they
were part of the data. In this case, Qedit/UX automatically disables Set Keep LF.
To insert Newline delimiters at the end of each line, you can enable the option with
/Set Keep LF On
or use the LF option on the Keep command as in
206 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
/Keep myfile,lf
Undo Command [UN]
Reverses the effect of the previous command that modified text, after showing you
the command and asking your permission.
UNDO [ ALL | REDO ]
(Default: the last editing task)
Undo prints the command to be undone and how many lines it actually updated,
added, deleted, and/or renumbered. The commands can only be undone in reverse
order, one at a time, and no commands can be skipped. Therefore, you don't have to
specify which command to Undo; you are always presented with the next one, then
asked if you want to actually undo it.
If you want to see the commands in the Undo Stack, use the Listundo command.
After an Undo, another Undo will cancel the command that was one further back. In
this way, you can Undo back to the time the file was first Texted or Opened. If you
Undo one step too far, you can cancel your preceding Undo task using the Undo
Redo command. This option is accepted until there are no more Undo tasks to be
cancelled. Once you enter a non-Undo edit command, you have approved your Undo
tasks and they can no longer be cancelled.
Or, you can use Undo All to undo all the updates since the last Text or Open. If you
don't like the results after an Undo All, you can put the file back in the edited state by
doing another Undo (i.e., you can Undo the Undo All).
Examples
/cq "Bob"Robret" all {mistake in Change}
23 lines changed
/undo {reverse Change command}
Command to Undo: CQ "Bob"Robret" all
( Update:8 ) {shows actual update counts}
Undoing Changes in Visual Mode
You can use the Undo command to cancel changes in Visual mode as well as in Line
mode. All of the changes you make on the screen before pressing Enter are treated
by Qedit as one "undo-able" command, except for cut-and-paste operations. Qedit
always executes your cut-and-paste operation last after updating the file with any
other changes, no matter what order the changes were made in. This means that you
can choose to undo just the cut-and-paste operation, or undo it and all of the other
changes. You can continue undoing your previous changes from each Enter, one at a
time, until your file is back to its original state.
Notes
An Undo cannot be undone, except by Undo All.
The Undo change log is reset by a Text command (but not a Keep), by a Delete All,
or by shutting the file. The Undo log is temporary and is not retained if you exit
Qedit or log off the system. You cannot go back and undo changes that you made to
a file after you leave Qedit.
You can Undo any text-altering commands since the last Text or Open command,
except for Delete All. Delete All can be canceled before the next command line is
executed using Control-Y.
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 207
In the unlikely event that the undo log file (i.e., "undolog") overflows, Qedit will
print a warning message and disable the Undo feature. Undo is disabled in batch by
default, and active in session usage. Using the Set Undo command you may override
this default or disable Undo for a particularly large edit, to save overhead.
/set undo on
/set undo off
208 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
Up Command [UP/F2]
Starts "browsing" the current file by displaying one page, starting about six lines
forward. You stay in "browse" mode until you enter any command (see List, jumping
option).
UP
(F2 key does the same)
In Line mode, Up (or F2) puts you into List-Jumping's browse-mode. The starting
location is a few lines ahead of the current position, where the actual number of lines
is determined by the Set Visual Roll amount. Qedit displays a screen of text, where
the screen size is either 23 lines or what you specify with Set List LJ, then waits for
you by asking "More?". Press Return to see the next screen, typing a line number
moves you to the screen starting at that line, pressing F2-F6 does the appropriate
action, and F8 or "//" or Control-Y or typing any command gets you out of browse-
mode. At the "More" prompt, the * "current" line is the last line displayed.
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 209
Use Command [U]
Executes part or all of the commands in a file.
USE filename [ rangelist ]
(Q=no display, J=no open error)
(Default: * means current or last workfile, range=all)
Qedit opens filename and reads command lines from it, instead of from Stdin. "*" as
the filename either closes the current workfile and Uses it, or Uses the workfile most
recently closed, including a scratch file. Execution continues until the last line of the
usefile or until you strike Control-Y.
Qedit prints the commands on Stdlist, unless you do UQ. To print instructions to the
user even when UQ is in effect, put Q commands in your usefile.
Examples
/use fixspell {execute a list of Changes}
ch "reveiw"review" @ {commands are printed}
ch "corelate"correlate" @
/use $ 30/ {rangelist, last file}
/use * {* = last Open workfile}
/use fixit 2/5 {do lines 2/5 only}
/use compile "extfile" {do lines with string}
{See the Q command for a sample usefile that compiles}
Notes
The Use command temporarily redirects Qedit's command input device, reading
commands from a file. The same features and restrictions apply to the commands in
a usefile as would apply to commands typed on the terminal. For example, a
command cannot be continued from one line to the next, usefiles do not accept
parameters, etc.
The usefile can be of any file type allowed in Text or Add. Although Qedit allows
nested usefiles, you cannot have nested loops.
If the usefile does not exist, UJ suppresses the error message that would be printed,
allowing optional Use commands in Qeditmgr files.
210 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
Verify Command [V]
Prints the status of Qedit, the current workfile, and Set options.
VERIFY [ @ | ALL ]
[ keyword ...]
(Default: show nonstandard options)
The default is to show the options which are not in their default state. Verify All
shows every Set option in the exact form that Qedit accepts (the shortest form is
shown in uppercase).
The keywords may be any Set option, or Alias, Exit, Proc, Prog, Run, String,
Lastfile, Visual, Version, Z for Zave, or ZZ for the marked range.
Examples
/verify {show nondefault values}
/ver open {describe the Open workfile}
/ver visual {Visual mode status and options}
/v @ {print full status on Stdlist}
/verify version {Qedit version number}
/verify string {current "string" for F3/F4}
/verify lastfile {previous file for List $}
/v $ {abbreviation for previous file}
/verify exit {does Qedit suspend on Exit?}
/verify zz {currently marked range}
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 211
Visual Command [VI/F1]
Switches to full-screen editing at the current line, at a specified line, or at the next
occurrence of a specified string.
VISUAL [ linenum | "string" ]
(Default: linenum = *)
Qedit allows you to edit text in "full-screen" mode on most HP terminals that have
block-mode, and on PCs equipped with terminal emulators such as Reflection and
AdvanceLink. You use the terminal's special keys to edit the screen, instead of using
Qedit commands. When the image on the screen suits you, press Enter and Qedit
reads the screen and records the changes in your file. For full details, see the
"Getting a Quick Start with Full-Screen Editing" chapter.
Examples
/visual {start full-screen editing now}
/vis 45 {start full-screen editing at line 45}
/vi "go" {find "go" then change to full-screen}
Notes
For a help screen that summarizes most of Visual mode, type a "?" in the top screen
line (at the ===>) and press the F7 key.
If you are a novice, use Set Vis Update ON. Qedit now automatically reads your
updated screen when you browse or use a function key.
Other tips: Do not add more than 60 lines before pressing Enter. If you have trouble
at 9600 baud try turning your terminal down to 2400 baud. Avoid the Clear Display
key; if you press it by mistake, type "*" in the top screen line and press F7 (this will
refresh the screen). To save and restore your function keys, use Set Vis Save ON. To
get out of Visual, use the F8 function key.
Visual Blockemulation on HP-UX
This feature does not work on
the hpterm terminal emulator
at the moment.
As of HP-UX 11.0, HP has dropped support for block-mode terminals. For this
reason, full-screen editing as implemented on HP3000 computers only works on HP-
UX versions earlier than 11.0. On HP-UX 11.0 or later, full-screen editing is
available in Screen mode (Set Visual Screen On) on VT-type terminals or in Visual
mode emulation (Set Visual Blockemulation On) on HP-type terminals.
Blockemulation emulates block-mode operations by reading each line one by one
instead of reading the whole screen in a single operation. Depending on the type of
connection, this process might take a few seconds as the cursor moves down the
screen.
In most cases, Qedit is able to detect that block-mode is not available and activates
Visual Blockemulation automatically. If it does not, use the Set Visual
Blockemulation command.
Visual Blockemulation also has the following limitations:
• Does not allow more than 20 contiguous blank lines
• Can not add more than 30 new lines at a time
• Can not display more than 260 characters on a line
212 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
Visual Blockemulation sometimes can not detect it has read all the lines. To
workaround this, Qedit assumes that 20 contiguous blank lines indicates a potential
transmission problem and stops reading the screen. If you have to insert more than
20 empty lines, make sure you insert less than 20 and hit Enter. Repeat until you
have all the lines you need. Of course, you can use the Add command outside of
Visual mode.
Similarly, you can not add more than 30 new lines to the current screen before
transmitting your changes. Make sure you insert lines in smaller numbers then hit
Enter or use the Add command.
Visual Blockemulation can not display more than 260 characters on each line. To
edit wider lines, change the Set Left and/or Set Right values.
Right Margin and Display Width
Full-screen mode can take advantage of most features available on the terminal or
emulator it's running on. A couple of these features are the ability to adjust the
display width and the right margin based on the file's record length. Unfortunately,
these features are not implemented equally well on all devices and may cause
undesirable behavior.
For example, the hpterm emulator supports display width larger than the standard 80
columns. However, Qedit can not change the display width using the usual escape
sequences. Setting the right margin also caused problems for some users. That's why
we introduced the RCRTMODEL 1234. This tells Qedit that the terminal can be
polled to determine the current display width and has basic block-mode capabilities.
At the same time, we introduced Set Visual Marginfixed. When RCRTMODEL is
set to 1234, Marginfixed is automatically enabled. In this case, Qedit does not try to
change the display width nor does it change the right margin. It assumes both are set
by the user and have the same value. If needed, a user can manually enable
Marginfixed on a terminal or emulator other than hpterm.
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 213
Words Command [W]
The Words command is not available for Qedit/UX.
214 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
Zave Command [Z]
Saves or recalls a string of Qedit commands.
Z [ = [commands] ]
(Default: if no commands, Z= prompts)
Use Z= to save some Qedit commands for later use. Use ";" to combine multiple
Qedit commands. If Qedit does not find anything after the "=", it reads the
commands from the terminal. Qedit saves the commands and you can execute them
again at any time by typing Z. There is only one "Z" in Qedit. When you enter a new
Z string, you lose the existing one.
When you type Z with no = sign, Qedit inserts the saved commands in place of Z.
The total length of the Z string plus the remainder of the original line must be 80
characters or less.
Examples
/z= {redefine value of Z string}
list */last {you enter new line of commands}
/z {use Z to mean "list */last"}
/z=l*-5/*+5 {define z as "list vicinity"}
/fq "trish";z {find string and display around it}
/z=f"`|1@"(p); a*=*; c"`".ent "
{find string that matches pattern; copy line}
{change a string in the new line}
Notes
You can display and edit the current Z string only if you entered the Z string at the
same time as the Z= command.
/z=q "hi"
/z
hi
/redo z=
/Z=q "hi"
hello"
/z
Hello
Although the line saved in Z need not be a complete command, it is recommended
that incomplete strings not be put in Z, as they may be upshifted.
"ListJ *" is a useful command string to save. Just type Z, and Qedit will start listing
from your current position. When you find what you want, press Control-Y to stop
the listing.
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 215
ZZ Command
Marks a block of lines so you can refer to them in any command.
ZZ [ line [ / line ] | OFF ]
ZZ [ [ string range ] | OFF ]
(Q=no display)
(Default: * becomes start or end of block)
ZZ line/line marks a range of lines, while ZZ line marks the start or end of a range.
ZZ marks one range only, not a rangelist. To mark a single line, say 5, use zz 5/5.
ZZ OFF cancels the currently marked range, eliminating the half-bright display
enhancement in Visual.
Examples
/zz 5/10
/change "prog"program" zz
/find "procedure open" (up)
/zz {mark start of block}
/find "@end;~{open}@" (pattern up)
/zz {mark end of block}
/keep savefile zz {save block in a file}
/verify zz {check current range}
/zz off {cancel current range}
Notes
The marked range is adjusted for Renum operations. Use Verify ZZ or List ZZ to
check the currently marked range. ZZ is also valid as a cut-and-paste operator in
Visual mode.
Using a string range on a Find command automatically updates the ZZ marker. For
example:
/v zz
ZZ OFF
/find "start"/"end" [
Lines 5/11 saved in ZZ
/v zz
ZZ 5/11
216 • Qedit Commands Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
Calculator Command [=]
The calculator evaluates an expression and prints the result.
=expression [,O | D | B | H | A | # % $]
Any command that begins with an equal sign (=) is treated as an expression to be
evaluated. An expression consists of numbers and operators, followed by an optional
display format. The operators can be addition (+), subtraction (-), multiplication (*),
division (/), or exponentiation (**). The value of the expression is printed
immediately on Stdlist.
=20+15 {add two numbers together}
Result=35.0
=20*15 {multiply the same numbers}
Result=300.0
=20-15 {subtraction}
Result=5.0
=20/15 {divide, print precise result}
Result=1.33333333333
=20**15 {20 raised to the 15th power}
Result=.327680000000E+20
Order of Evaluation
Unlike most programming languages, the calculator always evaluates the calculation
from left to right. This is similar to an electronic calculator, where each keystroke is
operated on immediately. You can use parentheses to force the calculator to evaluate
the expression in a different order.
=14+16+15/3 {compute an average}
Result=15.0
=14+16+(15/3) {add 14, 16, and the result of 15/3}
Result=35.0
=14+((16+15)/3) {divide 16+15 by 3, then add to 14}
Result=24.3333333333
Percentages
A number in the calculator expression may be followed by a percent sign (%). The
calculator assumes that you want to qualify the number as a percentage.
=125*5% {what is 5% of 125}
Result=6.25
=125+125*5% {add 5% of 125 to 125}
Result=12.5
=125+(125*5%) {oops, we needed to change the order}
Result=131.25 {this looks like the answer we wanted}
The last two examples show the importance of the order in which calculator
evaluates the expression. We needed to use parentheses to force calculator to
evaluate our expression in the correct order.
Display Formats
A calculator expression may be followed by a comma and a display letter. The
default is decimal (#) and the options are Hex ($ or H), Octal (% or O), Double (D),
ASCII (A) and Binary (B). With these options, the result is treated as a 32-bit
integer.
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Commands • 217
=10,% {standard octal format}
Result=%000012
=-10,% {negative number in octal}
Result=%37777777766
=100,$ {hexadecimal}
Result=$0064
In Double format, calculator prints the double result as two octal numbers. The first
number represents the high-order 16-bits and the second number represents the low-
order 16-bits.
=10,d {treat result as two 16-bit octal words}
Result=%000000 %000012
=1000000000,d {high-order 16-bits are nonzero}
Result=%035632 %145000
=-10,d {note negative value, 2's complement}
Result= %177777 %177766
In ASCII format, up to four characters are printed in hexadecimal, decimal, and
ASCII display format.
=$2020,a
Result=$2020: 32,32 :" "
=%20161 %72145,a
Result=$2071: 32,113:" q" $7465:116,101:"te"
In Binary format, the high-order 16-bits are examined. If these bits are not zero, they
are printed as two groups of eight bits. A one (1) means that the bit is on and a zero
(0) means that the bit is off. The low-order 16-bits are always printed as two groups
of eight bits.
=10,b {high-order 16-bits suppressed}
Result=%(2)00000000 00001010
=-10,b {note negative value, 2's complement}
Result=%(2)11111111 11111111 %(2)11111111 11110110
=1000000000,b {high-order 16-bits are nonzero}
Result=%(2)00111011 10011010 %(2)11001010 00000000
Input Format
The calculator supports different input formats for numbers. Octal values are
prefixed with a percent sign (%) and hexadecimal values with a dollar sign ($).
Decimal is assumed by default, but decimal values may be prefixed with # if desired.
An ASCII string of up to 4 characters is entered in quotes. The result of the last
calculation is referred to using #.
=%12 {octal 12 or decimal 10}
Result=10.0
=%12,o {octal input and octal display format}
Result=%000012
=$10
Result=16.0
=%177766 {octal number that is really negative}
Result=-10.0
="abcd",h
Result=$61626364
=#,a
Result=$6162: 97,98 :"ab" $6364: 99,100:"cd"
Calculator Help
The calculator offers a number of options. You can refresh your memory on the
calculator's abilities by entering
=? {? gives help}
{prints a summary of = functions}
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Troubleshooting and Error Messages • 219
Troubleshooting and Error
Messages
Introduction
When Qedit encounters an error condition, it prints an error message (Error: xxx) or
a warning message (Warning: xxx). For file errors, Qedit prints the intrinsic name
(Fopen), the file system error number (Err. 50, or a message for common errors) and
the file name, if available. An error message will cause the rest of the command line
to be skipped, and, in batch mode, will cause Qedit to terminate with an error abort.
A warning message, on the other hand, does not stop the rest of the command line
from being executed, nor does it cause Qedit to abort in batch mode.
Messages
Most error and warning messages are self-explanatory. The older, more cryptic ones
are explained below.
Message
Explanation
Already.
The line number that would next be created already exists in the
workfile; duplicate line numbers are not allowed. This error often
stops an Add command.
Com Name.
The first character of a line or after a semi-colon is not a valid
command.
Empty.
The external file you have referenced does not contain any lines.
EOF In.
Caused by an end-of-file on stdin (e.g., pressing Control-E). This
error always terminates Qedit.
Equals.
Equals sign (=) is missing from the command (example: Add 5
FILE); most are optional.
Extra.
A command is followed by extra characters when it should be
ended (example: A 500?).
Fclose.
Unable to close a new workfile or Keep file.
Fcontrol.
Unable to perform a control operation (such as logical rewind) on
a file.
Fgetinfo.
Unable to get file status.
Filename.
An invalid file name has been specified (e.g., K 123).
Fopen.
Unable to open a file. Most common reasons are "no such file"
220 • Troubleshooting and Error Messages Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
and "bad file name" (example: L ABC1234567).
Fread.
Unable to read sequentially from an external file. There is no good
reason for this error that we are aware of.
Freaddir.
Unable to read a block from a workfile. Almost always indicates a
"broken" Qedit workfile.
Full.
The current workfile is full, and the last line added is lost. You are
either out of disc space or your file has 65,535 lines (if original-
format workfile).
Fwrite.
Unable to write to a file (example: L LP,ALL; K KFILE).
Fwritedir.
Unable to write a block to the current workfile. Probably indicates
a confused workfile.
In Use.
The external workfile cannot be accessed, because it is being
edited on some other terminal, or someone aborted Qedit with the
file open. You can recover such files by Opening them.
'Language' is now xxx
The current language setting has been changed by Open, Text or
Set Lang. This may also change the INCR, WINDOW, etc.
Linenum.
The command contains an invalid line number (example: L
5.9999).
LP Open.
Unable to open a file to the LP.
Modify.
Illegal control character in a Modify line; an ASCII character with
a value less than 32, that is not in the Set Modify list of codes.
No Line.
A specific line number is required, but does not exist (example:
AJ 100, when line 100 doesn't exist).
No Open.
A workfile must be Opened before any editing can be done.
No Write.
The workfile cannot be Opened with write access. Someone else
may be editing the file, or you may not have proper security
access to the file.
Overflow.
A data line has been entered (Add, Replace) or created (Change,
Modify) that is greater than the maximum length allowed by the
current language setting. Or, a file has been Texted that is too
large for the workfile (the Text is rejected; you may have to adjust
Set Work Block to allow for line lengths greater than 60 bytes
average).
Param.
A parameter of the command is illegal (example: S Work Size
ABC)
Paren.
A required left or right parenthesis is missing (example: Set
Window (Up)). Many are optional.
Proc.
Unable to load the procedure named from the library specified;
you may have specified the wrong library, or spelled the
procedure name incorrectly (example: P ROUTINE-1,S,1).
Range.
In a range, the second line number is less than the first (example:
List 4/3).
Recovery.
The file just Opened was not closed properly the last time it was
used; the file is being recovered. See Open command.
Size.
An illegal size in a new workfile (example: New ABC(1B3)).
String.
The string is not correctly formatted; either the ending quote is
missing, or the string is too long (example: C 1,"ABC!,510).
Target.
Format error in the target area of the Change command (example:
C 53,"ABC",1).
Too High.
In Renumber, the starting line number is too high. Qedit cannot
find an increment small enough to renumber all of the lines in the
file. (example: Ren 99999). Choose a lower starting line number.
Window.
Format error in column search window (example: Set Window
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Troubleshooting and Error Messages • 221
(1020,MART)).
Quit Errors
After serious file system errors, Qedit will print the file system error and the
following message, and then abort:
Warning: This error can only occur if 1) your UNIX file system is
corrupted, 2) your hardware has problems, 3) you have exceeded your
disc space limits, or 4) Qedit has a bug.
Make a copy of your workfile before attempting to Open it again.
If Open does not recover it satisfactorily, contact Robelle.
Errors in Visual
There are a number of problems that you may encounter when using Visual. We
have tried to list all of them here.
Using Visual with X.25
When configuring X.25 pads, be certain to configure large enough buffers. Visual
can transfer up to 30,000 bytes in a single read (see Set Visual Buf).
Using Visual on HP-UX
Visual mode should work on HP-UX, providing you have an HP terminal or an HP
terminal emulator. You must configure your terminal for Transmit and Receive
XON/XOFF Pacing or you risk file system errors.
You must also configure the host prompt to be a DC1 (Control-Q). Because there are
few block-mode applications for HP-UX, the host prompt is often configured as null.
Terminals Supported by Visual
Visual will work on most HP terminals with block-mode, such as the 700/9x, and
2392. It also works on most emulators of HP terminals, such as Reflection for DOS,
Windows, and Macintosh; AdvanceLink for DOS and Windows; and Session for
Windows and Macintosh.
Visual may work over DS, but only one machine away and only if you define
sufficient buffers for your DSLINE.
Visual does not work on the 2640/41/44, 2621, 125, 120, 110, or the 700/4x
terminals.
Problems with 700/9x Terminals
Occasionally a 700/92 or 700/94 terminal will refuse to work properly in Visual
mode. Symptoms include Qedit saying that it is not a supported terminal, or giving
the infamous "No // at end" message, when the "//" is clearly on the screen. We have
found that resetting the terminal to factory default settings sometimes sets this right
again. This is more than a regular soft or hard reset, more than turning the terminal
off and on: it is a special reset, involving a reboot of the terminal firmware from
ROM.
222 • Troubleshooting and Error Messages Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
Verify the baud rate at which the terminal is configured, then log off the host, and
power off the 700/9x terminal. Wait a few seconds, then turn the terminal back on
WHILE HOLDING DOWN THE "D" KEY. Keep the "D" key pressed until you
hear a beep. The terminal will show the message "default configs used". Set the baud
rate, and ensure that the Xmit Pacing and Recv Pacing fields are both set to
XON/XOFF. Log on again and try Qedit Visual mode.
Visual Error Messages
Here are the messages that may appear if you encounter errors in Visual mode.
Define String: press Home Up, Clear Line, type "string", press Enter. You
cannot use F3 or F4 (Findup, Find) until you have defined and found the string once.
Press Home Up, type "string" (or ^"string" for Findup), then press F7 or Enter.
Parameter missing or illegal in home line. You have typed a command in the home
line that Qedit cannot understand because it is incomplete or typed incorrectly.
Not enough line numbers to add new lines. If you add too many lines in one area,
Qedit can run out of unique line numbers to assign to new lines. Check that Set Vis
Renum is ON (it is by default). Unfortunately, even this will sometimes not make
room. In this case, Qedit writes your screen image to a disc file named qscreen (the
file is temporary on MPE) and does not update the lines.
A recovery method is to renumber that part or all of your file and then copy in the
lost lines from the qscreen file. Since qscreen contains a screen image, you will need
to remove certain rows and columns to extract the raw text:
Press F8 to return to Line mode
/renum all;list *-10/*+10
/list qscreen {now select line range to copy}
/add 100.10=qscreen 5/23 {text lines only}
/change 1/4 "" 100.10/* {remove columns}
No // at the end, so no UPDATE (see qscreen).
If you press the Clear Display key and then press Enter, Qedit will read your screen
and object to it. Qedit looks for // in the first two columns of the last screen line --
the one containing the column template. If Qedit does not find these two slashes, it
concludes that you have done a Clear Display, or deleted the template line, or typed
in so many new lines or characters that Qedit does not have a big enough buffer to
read the entire screen. Qedit then appends your screen image to the qscreen file and
does not attempt to update the lines. If the Clear Display was legitimate, type // in
column 1 after the last line.
Missing or invalid status line, no UPDATE (see qscreen). Under some
circumstances the start of the status line is not transmitted properly to Qedit, even
though the rest of the screen is okay. Therefore, Qedit now looks for the line number
field in the status line, enhanced as Inverse Halfbright. If that is not found you will
get the message "Missing or invalid status line". Your screen has not been updated,
but it has been appended to the qscreen file. You can do list $char qscreen
to see what was actually received by Qedit or to recover your lines.
Home line (===>) not transmitted, no UPDATE (see qscreen). If Qedit detects
the status line as the first line of your screen, you will get the error message "Home
line (===>) not transmitted". This either means that you deleted the home line or
data was lost at the start of your transmission or you inserted too many lines with Set
Vis Cleardisplay Off. Your screen has not been updated, but has been appended to
the qscreen file. You can do list $char qscreen to see what went wrong or
to recover the data.
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Troubleshooting and Error Messages • 223
NO UPD: bad format left 4 columns (see qscreen). Qedit uses + and - indicators in
columns 1 and 2 to keep track internally of which line on your screen has which line
number. If you move the lines around (not using cut-and-paste) so that these
indicators are out of sequence, Qedit objects. Qedit does not update your lines, but it
does write them to qscreen. If you move lines around on the screen, you should erase
the +n to -n indicators.
Cannot update. To Exit, press * F7 (refresh), then F8 (exit). Set Vis Update is
ON and you have pressed F8 to exit. However, Qedit is unable to update the current
screen likely due to the bad screen format described above. To exit, first refresh the
screen (* in the ===> line, press F7), then press F8 again.
Inconsistent or badly formed cut-and-paste task (DD/MM/CC/HH). If you put
both a CC and an MM on the same screen, you will get this error message. It means
that the indicators you have used do not combine in a logical way. Check the Status
line to see what cut-and-paste function is pending. You may also see this message if
you enter an unknown indicator (e.g., NN instead of MM).
Duplicate cut-and-paste task; press F7 to reset DD/MM/CC/HH. Only one cut-
and-paste function is permitted per update. For example, you cannot copy a block of
lines to the Hold file with HH, and on the same screen use R to replicate a line.
Cut-and-paste operations are limited to 32000 lines or less. The maximum
number of lines that you can move, copy, hold or delete in a single task is 32000.
Problem accessing Hold file; unable to cut-and-paste. When you use HH, HJ, AH,
BH, PH, or FH, Qedit must access a temporary file called Hold. When you use MM,
CC, DD, JJ, RR, A0, B0, F0, or P0, Qedit must access a file called Hold0. This
message means that an error has occurred in accessing this file. Does another process
in your session have it open? Or are you out of disc space?
File full. Part update. Suggest Exit, see qscreen. If you add enough lines to a
workfile, eventually it will fill up! Visual will then be unable to add in the new lines
from your screen. When this happens, Qedit appends a copy of your screen image to
the qscreen file (from this file you can recover the lines that were not added, if you
desire). To expand a workfile named ABC, do Text ABC and Shut *.
File nearly full! Qedit will warn you when your workfile has only a block or two
left. This is your advance warning that soon you must do a Garbage collection in
your workfile, or expand the workfile.
Read error on CRT. Try again or reduce speed. Screen mode only works with
HP-type terminals and emulators. If you use a VT terminal or emulator, you should
use Screen mode for full-screen editing. Refer to the appropriate section for a
discussion on working with VT terminals.
You might also get this error if you run certain combinations of HP-UX and the
Windows 95 TCP/IP stack. If you think you might be in this situation, please contact
our technical support staff for details.
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual File Formats • 225
File Formats
Introduction
This appendix describes the format of Qedit workfiles and external files.
Qedit Workfiles
The Qedit workfile provides both random and sequential access to variable-length
lines of text. The workfile is broken into blocks. Each block contains several Qedit
lines (the exact number depends on the length of the lines). The lines in a block have
contiguous line numbers and are extracted from the block by Qedit.
Block 0 of the workfile has a special format because it contains the control and
indexing information.
The first Qedit line is always in block 1, and the start of block 1 points to the next
sequential block in the file, which need not be block 2. Each block points to the next,
and end-of-file occurs when the forward pointer is zero.
There are three different formats of Qedit workfiles: original, Jumbo, and Wide-
Jumbo. All formats work in Qedit for MPE and Qedit for HP-UX, but the default for
MPE is the original format while the default for HP-UX is Wide-Jumbo.
Original Format Workfiles
The original Qedit workfiles have a block size of 512 bytes and can hold up to
65,535 lines with a maximum length of 256 characters.
Within an original format data block, the structure is as follows:
226 • File Formats Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
Word Within Block Contents Comment
(000) Forward-pointer First word in block
(001) Line-number First word of first line
(002) (cont.)
(003) Data and Indent Descriptor for first line
(004) "AB" Contents of first line
(005) "CD"
(...) (cont.)
(...)
(Data+003) "YZ" End of first line
(Data+004) Line-number Start of second line
(Data+005) (cont.)
(Data+006) Data and Indent
(Data+007) "12"
(...)
(...) "89" End of last line
(...) Binary-zero Unused portion of block.
(...) (cont.) Binary-zeros are missing
(255) (cont.) if the block is full.
The following definitions are used above:
Forward-pointer: block number of the next block (16-bit unsigned).
Line-number: a 32-bit integer containing the line number in binary (1,000 = 1.0).
Data: the number of words of data in the line (byte).
Indent: number of full words of blanks before the data (byte).
Qedit Version Number
Open stores the version number of the Qedit program file into the workfile that it
opens. A 16-bit integer is stored at word offset 363 of Block 0. The format is, for
example, 4258 for version 4.2.58, 4300 for 4.3, and 4301 for 4.3.01.
Jumbo Workfiles
The Qedit Jumbo workfile is an extension of the original Qedit workfile. This format
allows files to be up to 1,000 characters wide, and up to 99 million lines long. The
blocks are 1024 bytes long instead of 512.
Wide-Jumbo workfiles allow lines of up to 8,172 characters and limit the number of
lines to 99 million. The blocks are 8,192 bytes long instead of 1,024 for Jumbo
workfiles.
As in the old Qedit format, each block in Jumbo or Wide-Jumbo contains several
Qedit lines (the exact number depends on the length of the lines). The lines in a
block have contiguous line numbers and are extracted from the block by Qedit.
Block 0 of the workfile has a special format because it contains the language of the
file and the number of lines, and provides indexing.
The first Qedit line is always in Block 1, and the first word of Block 1 points to the
next sequential block in the file. Each block points to the next, and end-of-file occurs
when the forward pointer is zero.
Within a data block, the structure is as follows:
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual File Formats • 227
Word Within Block Contents Comment
(000) Block type First double-word in block
(002) Forward-pointer Second double-word in block
(004) Line-number First word of first line
(005) (cont.)
(006) Data length Descriptor for first line
(007) Indent
(008) "AB" Contents of first line
(009) "CD"
(...) (cont.)
(...)
(Data+004) "YZ" End of first line
(Data+005) Line-number Start of second line
(Data+006) (cont.)
(Data+007) Data
(Data+008) Indent
(Data+009) "12"
(...)
(...) "89" End of last line
(...) Binary-zero Unused portion of block.
(...) (cont.) Binary-zeros are missing
(511) (cont.) if the block is full.
The following definitions are used above:
Forward-pointer: block number of the next block (32-bit unsigned).
Line-number: a 32-bit integer containing the line number in binary (1,000 = 1.0).
Data: the number of words of data in the line (16-bit word).
Indent: number of full words of blanks before the data (16-bit word).
External Files
As well as its own workfiles, Qedit recognizes "external" files of other formats (in
List file, Add 5=file, Text file, etc.). When Qedit opens an external file, it determines
the language of the source program in that file according to the following chart. Files
with a ".cbl," ".cob", ".CBL" or ".pco" extension are treated as COBOL source files.
In this case, Qedit does not assume there is a sequence number in the first 6 columns;
it checks the first 5 lines of the file. The .pco extension is typically used to identify
Cobol source files that needs to be processed by the Oracle pre-compiler.
If the lines contain only numeric digits in these columns, Qedit assumes the file
contains sequence numbers and uses them appropriately. These numbers are written
back to the file when a Keep command is executed.
If the lines only contain spaces in these columns, Qedit assumes the file is
unnumbered and automatically assigns numbers during the Text operation. If some
of the lines have a sequence number already, this number is replaced with Qedit's
calculated number. When the file is saved, the sequence numbers are replaced by
spaces.
If the first 6 columns do not contain either numeric digits or spaces, Qedit assumes
the file is free-format and assigns it line numbers in the same way that numbers are
assigned to Text files. The file format might change on a Keep command, depending
on the Set Keep Cobfree option.
When accessing files, Qedit checks the extension of the file, if any. It then tries to
determine the language based on the extension. Currently, the following languages
are recognized:
228 • File Formats Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
Language
Extensions
Cobol
CBL, COB
CC
H, C
CPP
CPP
HTML
HTM, HTML, ASP
XML
XML
JAVA
JAVA
QSL
QSL
PASCAL
P, PAS, PASCAL, MODULE, INCLUDE,
FORWARD, EXTERNAL
Extensions are not case-sensitive i.e. cbl is the same as CBL.
Record
Size
(bytes)
Leading
Columns
(1-6)
Contain
Last 8
Columns
of First
Line
Current
Language
Setting*
File
Code /
Ext.
Num /
Unn?
LANG Used
74
ext.
Unn
COBOLX
66
ext.
Unn
COBOL
80
6 digits
ext.
Num
COBOLX
80
6 digits
not ext.
Unn
JOB
80
no digits
no digits
RPG
Unn
RPG
80
no digits
8 digits
FORTRAN
Num
FTN
80
no digits
8 digits
Pascal
ext/
Num
Pascal
80
no digits
8 digits
not Ftn/Pas
Num
SPL*
72
6 digits
Num
COBOL
72
no digits
FORTRAN
Unn
FTN
72
no digits
Pascal
ext.
Unn
Pascal
72
no digits
not Ftn/Pas
Unn
SPL*
80
no digits
no digits
Unn
JOB
88
8 digits
Num
JOB
9-264
8 digits
Num
TEXT
1-256
no digits
Unn
TEXT
1-1000
no digits or
spaces
ext.
Unn
COBFREE
1-1000
no digits
ext.
Unn
HTML
1-1000
no digits
ext.
Unn
XML
1-1000
no digits
ext.
Unn
JAVA
1-1000
no digits
ext.
Unn
QSL
* see Set FORTRAN ON.
In this table, the "File code / Ext." column indicates how Qedit determines which
language to use. Code means it uses the file code only. Ext. means it uses the file
extension only. Both means it checks the file code and the file extension.
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual File Formats • 229
Qedit maps an ASCII external file into one of these file formats. Qedit checks the
last eight columns of each of the first five lines for an ascending sequence number. If
five lines with valid sequence numbers are found, the file is treated as a Numbered
file. Qedit may sometimes mistake a data file for a source file with sequence
numbers. If there is an ambiguity in identifying the language of an external file, you
can direct Qedit to the proper choice by appending a file type to the file name in the
Text, List, and Add commands. For example, /List abc,unn;Text def,pascal.
External files with 80-character records and no valid SPL sequence numbers are
treated as RPG files, if the current language setting is RPG; otherwise, they are
treated as JOB files.
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Regular Expressions • 231
Regular Expressions
Introduction
Regular expressions might look like wildcards used in the Pattern search option.
Regular expressions are sometimes compared to wildcards but, in fact, they are much
more powerful and can be much more complex. You have to practice in order to use
them efficiently and to their full potential. For brevity, we will often refer to regular
expressions simply as regexp.
In Qedit's line-mode, you can use regular expression in most places where you can
use a string or pattern. In fact, you specify regular expressions in Qedit similar to the
way you specify patterns, by specifying the "regexp" keyword in a window:
/list "Robel+e"(regexp) {Robelle or Robele}
/change "[rR]obel+e?"(reg) "ROBELLE" {robell Robele...}
Although all regexp implementations share a basic set of metacharacters and syntax
rules, other tools and programs might have different extensions and variations than
Qedit. For example, the alternation metacharacter "|" (equivalent to an "or" function)
is not provided in Qedit. As the first implementation of regular expressions in
Robelle products, this version of Qedit might not have all the extensions you are
currently familiar with. We will be looking at other tools as we explore the
possibility of extending our own implementation in future releases.
If you are interested in learning more about regular expressions, you should get a
copy of Mastering Regular Expressions written by Jeffrey E. F. Friedl and published
at O'Reilly & Associates, Inc. This book covers most regular expression
implementations, the differences between each one, how most regexp engines work
and some tips on how to get the best performance from each type.
Metacharacters
Qedit supports the following metacharacters:
^
Start-of-line anchor
$
End-of-line anchor
.
Matches any character
?
Optional character
*
Matches zero or more of the preceding character
+
Matches one or more of the preceding character
[
Start a character class
232 • Regular Expressions Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
]
End a character class
^
If first character in character class, negate class
(
Subpattern start
)
Subpattern end
Anchor Characters.
In general, a regexp can find a match anywhere in the text as long as it appears on a
single line. There are two exceptions to this rule. The start-of-line (^) and the end-of-
line ($) anchors. They are called anchors for very good reasons. These anchors
actually indicate that the match must occur at fixed positions within the line.
The start-of-line anchor specifies that the string must appear at the very beginning of
the line. If you enter
^abc
the line will be selected only if the string "abc" is the first thing on the line. Thus,
abcdefghij {will be selected}
xyzabc {will not be selected}
Similarly, the end-of-line anchor specifies that the string must appear as the last
thing on the line. In this example,
abc$
the lines must end with the string "abc." There must not be anything else after it, not
even spaces.
abcdef {will not be selected}
xyzabc {will be selected}
You can combine the anchors to verify that lines contain only a certain string and
nothing else. Simply use
^abc$
Every line has a start and an end anchor. If you search for the start or the end anchor
(^ or $) by itself, Qedit matches all the lines in the file.
TIP: If you edit your file in full-screen mode with Set Visual Home Off, searching
for the start-of-line anchor moves to the next line and puts the cursor at the first
position. If you search for the end-of-line anchor, Qedit goes to the next line and puts
the cursor after the last character on the line (if the last character is visible).
If the anchor characters are used anywhere else, they lose their metacharacter status
and become ordinary characters.
Match Any Character.
The period, or dot, is used to match any character. The character can be of any type.
As long as there is something in that position, there will be a match. For example,
abc.xyz
selects any line that contains the strings "abc" and "xyz" separated by a single
character. That character can be anything (e.g., 1, w, #, etc).
Optional Character.
You can check the absence or presence of a character by following it with a question
mark (?). In a regexp, the question mark indicates that the preceding character is
optional. If it is present, it must appear only once.
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Regular Expressions • 233
ab?c {matches only "ac" and "abc"}
Repeating Characters.
There are different ways you can check for the repetition of characters. If there is
potential for a character to appear more than once, you can use the asterisk (*) or the
plus sign (+) quantifier. These quantifiers are applied only to the character to their
immediate left.
There is a very small difference between the two quantifiers. The asterisk represents
zero or more occurrences of the preceding character. In other words, the character is
optional, but, if it is there, it can appear multiple times. The plus sign represents one
or more occurrences. This means the character must appear at least once, but it can
appear multiple times.
ab*c {matches "ac," "abc," "abbc," etc.}
ab+c {matches "abc," "abbc," but not "ac"}
Character Class
When you have to check for a fixed string of characters, it is easy enough to simply
type it at the actual regexp. Entering "abc123" will only find exact matches. What if
you want to find the string "abc" followed by a numeric digit? There are no specific
metacharacters for digits or alphabetic characters. However, regular expressions have
a concept called character class to address these issues. Actually, character class is a
lot more powerful and flexible than metacharacters for specific types of text.
A character class is enclosed between brackets. The closing bracket can be left out.
However, it is good practice to code it explicitly to avoid ambiguity.
Note that most regexp metacharacters listed above lose their meaning inside a
character class. The start-of-line anchor acquires a different definition and a new
metacharacter, hyphen (-), appears.
A character class is a list of possible values for a specific position in the string. The
character class can be as long as needed. A character class for numeric digits would
be
[0123456789]
Note, the list does not have to be in sorted order. You could have entered the digits in
reverse order or in random order and the character class would still be valid. It is just
harder to verify that all digits are included. Similarly, a character class for lowercase
letters would be
[abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz]
It is really important to understand that a match occurs if one of the characters in the
class is found. Using the "abc" example above, if we want to find this string followed
by a digit, we would enter
abc[0123456789] {matches "abc0", "abc1", etc. to "abc9"}
To further restrict the search, we could have used
abc[13579] {matches "abc" followed by one odd digit}
Because a character class is only a list of possible values, you can mix and match all
the characters in the ASCII code table.
234 • Regular Expressions Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
p[imy246!.*]e {matches "pie," "pme," "p4e," "p*e," etc.}
This example would find text starting with the letter p and ending with an e that
encloses a single character matching one of the letters a, m or y, one of the digits 2, 4
or 6, an exclamation mark (!), a period (.) or an asterisk (*). Note the period and
asterisk are not metacharacters anymore.
Of course, if the character class contains many possible values, it can be tedious and
error-prone to enter each character. The hyphen is a character-class metacharacter
that can be used as a range indicator. Simply specify the first and last characters in
the range. Numeric digits could then be coded as [0-9]. Lowercase letters could be
coded as [a-z]. You can also combine ranges with single values, as in
abc[0-9a-z!.*]
A character class range is based on the ASCII character set. You could specify a
range of
[A-z]
and it would be perfectly valid. In this case, the range would include all uppercase
letters, a series of special characters ([,\,],^,_,`) and all lowercase letters. Typically,
you would enter the character with the smallest ASCII value as the lower limit and
the character with the largest value as the upper limit. Qedit accepts characters even
if they are reversed (i.e., the largest value first) as in:
[Z-A]
Qedit detects this situation and swaps the values internally so [a-z] and [z-a] are
really equivalent. To avoid ambiguity, it is recommended that you use the first
format.
The hyphen is interpreted as a range indicator only if it is at a logical place between
two other characters. If it is somewhere else in the class, it is used at face value.
[-a-z] {hyphen and lowercase letters}
[a-z-] {lowercase letters and hyphen}
[a-z-9] {lowercase letters, hyphen and digit 9}
[a-z0-9] {lowercase letters and digits 0 to 9}
Negated Character Class.
The caret (^) takes on a different meaning inside a character class. It is used at face
value anywhere in the class, except if it is the first character in which case the caret
negates the whole class. This means a match is found if the text does not contain any
of the characters in the class.
p[246^]e {matches "p2e", "p^e", etc.}
p[^246]e {matches "pae", "p3e", etc.}
In the last example, the caret negates 2, 4 and 6. The regexp is true if the text starts
with the letter p, ends with the letter e and encloses a single character that is not 2, 4
or 6.
Repeating Character Class.
Because a character class is interpreted as a single character, you can use the optional
(?) and quantifier (* and +) metacharacters to further qualify a character class. For
example, if we want to allow one or more numeric digits after the "abc" string, we
could use the following regexp:
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Regular Expressions • 235
abc[0-9]+
Escape Character
Other characters used in a regular expression might also have special meanings. The
most important one is probably the escape character. In Qedit, the backslash is the
escape character. A metacharacter, however, loses its special meaning if preceded by
a backslash. In the example,
abc[123]
square brackets indicate a character class. This regexp would match "abc1," "abc2"
or "abc3." If we escape the square brackets as in
abc\[123\]
the square brackets are then used as literals. This means they are now part of the
string. The only matching value is then "abc[123]."
If you want to search for a backslash, simply enter two of them in a row (\\). The
only exception to this is the start-of-line metacharacter. Because it (^) is also a valid
escaped sequence (see next section), there is no way to tell Qedit to search for the
caret as a literal. You should use an expression with the corresponding hexadecimal
value.
x05e
Escaped Sequences in Regular Expressions
The escape character can be combined with other characters to represent nonprinting
characters. Qedit recognizes the following escaped characters: (These should not be
confused with escape sequences that control the display on HP-type terminals. They
are also not metacharacters.)
\b
Backspace
\e
ASCII escape character (ESC)
\f
Form feed
\n
New line (line feed)
\r
Carriage return
\s
Space
\t
Horizontal tab
\DDD
1-3 octal digits representing a character's ASCII value
\xDDD
1-3 hex digits representing a character's ASCII value
\^C
Control code (e.g., Control-G (^G) is the Bell character)
For example, you would use:
\t {all lines with a tab character}
\e&d@& {terminal escape sequence ESC&d@}
Escaped characters can be used anywhere an ordinary character is used, including a
character class and to declare a character range.
236 • Regular Expressions Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
Backreferences in Regular Expressions
We have seen basic expressions in which almost everything revolves around single
characters of text. Even character class lists are really used to match a single
position.
You can use parentheses to divide a long regular expression into smaller portions.
Each portion then becomes a regexp on its own. This does not affect the way a string
search is done. However, each subpattern can then be used in a replacement
operation.
Subpatterns are numbered from 0 to 9. Subpattern 0 is reserved and represents the
complete matched string. Note that subpattern 0 is implicit and is always available,
even if the expression does not contain parentheses. Explicit subpatterns are
numbered from 1 to 9, starting from the left of the expression.
Subpatterns can be referenced in a replacement regexp by using the escape character,
a backslash, followed by the subpattern number. When applying the replacement
string, backreferences are substituted with the actual matching text. Backreferences
can be used as many times as needed. Each reference ends up with the original text.
Let's say we have a file that contains a series of phone numbers. In North America
(and possibly other countries), phone numbers contain a 3-digit area code followed
by a 3-digit exchange number and, finally, a 4-digit individual number.
Unfortunately, in our case, the phone numbers are just series of 10 numeric digits
without separators. For example,
1234567890
1112224444
9087374456
We would like a fast and easy way to format them so that the numbers are easier to
read. To find all these strings, we can use the following regexp:
([0-9][0-9][0-9])([0-9][0-9][0-9])([0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9])
We use the [0-9] character class to specify that we are expecting only numeric digits.
In this example there are three subpatterns in the regexp. Each subpattern is enclosed
in a set of parentheses.
The first subpattern (\1) repeats the numeric character class 3 times. It represents the
digits in the area code. The second subpattern (\2) also has the character class
repeated 3 times. It represents the exchange number. The third and last subpattern
(\3) repeats the character class 4 times. It represents the individual number.
Subpattern \0 represents all 10 digits.
To reformat this information, we can now combine backreferences with other
characters to arrange the numbers any way we like. Let's say we want to put the area
code in parentheses, insert a space after it and insert a dash (-) between the exchange
number and the individual number. We would use the following substitution string:
(\1) \2-\3
The list would appear as follows:
(123) 456-7890
(111) 222-4444
(908) 737-4456
You can use subexpressions to reorder the text in lines. For example, if we want to
reverse the telephone numbers (show the last four digits first, then the first three
digits of the telephone number, followed by the area code), we could use
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Regular Expressions • 237
Last: \3 Middle: \2 Area: \1 Complete: \0
This substitution string produces the following list (assuming that we started with the
same data in this example and used the same regexp):
Last: 7890 Middle: 456 Area: 123 Complete: 1234567890
Last: 4444 Middle: 222 Area: 111 Complete: 1112224444
Last: 4456 Middle: 737 Area: 908 Complete: 9087374456
Escaped Characters in Replacement String
Escaped sequences can also be used in the replacement string of a Change command,
making it easier to insert special characters.
All escaped sequences are valid in the replacement, except for octal values (these are
coded using octal digits). For example, "\007" can be used to represent the bell
character. However, backreferences in the replacement string are represented by \n,
where n is a digit from 0 to 9. Because of that, \007 might be interpreted as
backreference \0 followed by the literal 07 (bell character).
To work around this limitation, a backslash followed by a digit in a replacement
string is always assumed to be a backreference. To specify special characters using
numeric values, you should use hexadecimal notation (e.g., \x007).
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Glossary • 239
Qedit Glossary
Introduction
Certain symbols and terms are common to many Qedit commands. They are defined
here, in alphabetical order.
The slots for variables within the command definitions are highlighted in the text.
You replace these variable fields with your real-life item. For instance, the syntax for
the Use command is "Use filename". You replace the term filename with any valid
filename. For example,
/use sample.quse
Terms
Abbreviating
You can abbreviate many Qedit commands. You can shorten command names, for
example, to a single letter, unless more than one command starts with the same letter.
If that's so, enter enough of the command name to distinguish it. The reserved words
First, Last, and All can be replaced by [, ] and @ in Qedit commands. Sometimes
you can even dispense with the command completely: /? means help, /\ means back
one line, /55 means go to line 55, /"string" means find this string, /^"string" means
search backwards for this string, and a simple Return means go ahead one line.
Batch
Although Qedit is primarily designed for interactive editing, all commands except
Visual can be used with stdin or stdlist redirected. If either stdin or stdlist is
redirected, Qedit assumes that it is in batch mode. There are two differences in
operation:
An error causes Qedit to terminate in batch mode, but only skips the current
command line in session mode;
Where a "Yes-or-No" question is asked in session mode (e.g., "Clear?"), the question
is printed with an implicit "Yes" answer in batch mode (e.g., "Clear? Yes").
In both session and batch, a "warning" message is nonfatal. Set Autocont ON causes
errors to be nonfatal in batch mode. New work lines can be Added in batch, but
because Control-Y cannot be used, the Add should be ended with "//".
240 • Qedit Glossary Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
Calculator
Qedit will treat any command that begins with an equal sign ("=") as an expression
to be evaluated. To add two numbers together:
=125+512
Result= 637.0
An expression consists of numbers and operators. The operators can be addition (+),
subtraction (-), multiplication (*), division (/), or exponentiation (**). The value of
the expression is printed immediately.
For a complete description of calculator, type help calc.
Column
Individual character positions within lines are called columns and have column
numbers. See template for a method of drawing a column template above any line.
Column numbers are referenced in the Change command and string windows. For
example:
/change 1/4 "" 23 {delete first 4 columns in line 23}
/change 1 " " 4/9 {insert 2 columns at front}
/l "begin"(1/10) {find "begin" in first 10 columns}
A column is an integer number between the lowest column of the line and the highest
column. The lowest column number is 7 for standard COBOL, and 1 for SPL,
FORTRAN, Pascal, RPG, Text, COBFREE, Data and Job files. The highest column
number is 72 for standard COBOL, SPL, Pascal and FORTRAN files, 1,000 for
COBFREE, 256 for TEXT, 80 for COBOLX, RPG and Job files, and 8,172 for Data
files. When in doubt as to column numbers, use LT to list a line with column
headings. Shorthand: (1) = (1/1), ([/30) = (first column/30), (30/]) = (30/last column).
Using Set Left column and Set Right column, you can set margins in specific
columns. Any existing data beyond the margins is retained, but new lines added will
have blanks outside the margins.
Command
Qedit accepts two basic types of commands: those such as Add, Change and Text
that can be combined on a line using semicolon to separate them; and those such as
who and ls which can only appear once on a command line because semicolon is
reserved for separating parameters.
/text abc;modify 5 {two Qedit commands}
/ps {one shell command}
/new abc;who {Qedit and shell command}
We call the first style "qedit" commands and the second style "shell" commands,
although they are all equally Qedit commands. With the first style, the command
name can usually be abbreviated to one letter (Add is A), although some commands
require several letters (Findu for Findup). With the "shell" style, the command name
must usually be spelled out completely.
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Glossary • 241
/vi {"vi" means Visual}
/c "abc"xxx" all {"c" means Change}
/ls {means show files, not lsort}
Control Character
You create a control character by holding down the Control key while you strike
another key. Control plus "A" generates Control-A. These are normally nonprinting
characters, but they may do things to your terminal. For example, Control-G rings
the bell. We assume that Control-Y is your interrupt character and that you do not
use Control-D for end-of-file. Qedit uses control characters for a number of
purposes:
In Modify, control characters specify the edit functions:
• Control-D for delete, Control-B for before, etc.
• Control-Y stops execution of the current Qedit command.
• Control-H causes the cursor to backspace one position in the current
line.
• Control-I skips to the next tab position.
• Control-X cancels the current input line.
• Control-S pauses a listing that is printing too fast for you to read.
• Control-Q resumes a listing that you have paused with Control-S.
Editing control characters can be tricky. If you use Set Editinput to clean your text of
line "noise", Qedit will not let you enter control characters in Add or Replace. If you
use Modify, it treats all control characters as edit functions. If you use Visual, the
block-mode terminal strips all control characters from the text. There are three things
that you can do: 1) use Set Decimal ON and insert control characters using Change
"$" '26, 2) use Set Editinput Data OFF and enter them using Display Functions in
Add and Replace, and 3) use Set Mod Qzmod and insert them using Control-W,
Control-P (put).
CRT
CRT (Cathode Ray Tube) is a generic term used to refer to the terminal. It refers
equally to "real" HP terminals, clones of HP terminals made by other companies, and
PCs that run terminal emulation software.
Current Line
The current line is the line you last accessed. You can refer to it using the special
character "*" instead of a linenum. For most commands, * is also the default
rangelist. For example, VIS sends you into full-screen mode around the current line.
Defaults
When Qedit asks you a question, it puts the "default" answer in brackets (e.g., Purge
file? [no] ). The default is usually the option that would do the least harm to your
file. That is, "do not complete the task", "do not erase the file", or "do not upshift the
line". If you press Return to the question, Qedit will take the default. In batch
processing, there is no one available to answer the question, so Qedit must decide on
the proper answer for you. Qedit assumes that you want your batch task to complete,
so it always selects the option that will complete the command successfully. That is,
"do clear the file", or "do upshift the line".
242 • Qedit Glossary Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
External File
Although you can only edit the workfile that is currently Open, Qedit accesses files
for other purposes than editing.
Qedit reads external files in the Add, Hold, List, Merge, Text and Use commands:
/add 100.1=tfile {adds lines from "tfile" at line 100.1}
/list tfile {lists the contents of "tfile"}
/text tfile {makes a copy of "tfile"}
/use tfile {executes Qedit commands from "tfile"}
/merge tfile {merge in contents of "tfile"}
/hold sample 1/5 {write lines 1/5 of sample to Hold file}
Qedit recognizes three types of external files:
• Other Qedit workfiles.
• NUMBERED text files. Each record contains a line number field. The
lines are sorted by the line number. This is the file created by a Keep
command.
• UNNUMBERED text files. Records with no line number field. These
are created by a KQ command or by Keep file,UNN. The language is
set to Data.
File Names
A filename is any valid HP-UX file name and is used in Qedit commands to identify
a workfile for editing (Open, New, Text) or an external file to be accessed in some
way (Add, Keep, List, Text and Use). Qedit accepts file names up to 240 characters
long, containing underbars (_) and dashes (-). The following commands all contain
valid file names:
/open qedt3p1.source {open file for editing work}
/add 50.1 = abcd.pub {copy in lines from a file}
/new qedt3p2.qedit {create a new Qedit workfile}
/keep test.c {convert workfile to Keep file}
/text /GREEN/BOB/temp-dash
/list /GREEN/BOB/temp_underbar
File names that include special characters might cause problems to Qedit. For
example,
/Text file:name
Error: Extra or invalid character in Text command
If you run into this, you can use the $file keyword instead. The $file keyword can be
used wherever a file name is expected such as in the Text, Add, List commands. The
syntax is:
$file[=]"filename"
$File is a reserved keyword, which is followed by an optional equal sign and the file
name enclosed in string delimiters. Without doing anything to the string, Qedit tries
to open the specified file. The previous example now becomes:
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Glossary • 243
/Text $file="file:name"
10 lines in file
Full-Screen Editing
To use the full-screen editor of Qedit, use the Visual command. This feature works
on most HP terminals with block-mode and provides many powerful features,
including navigation while in Visual mode.
Hold File
There are two Hold files. You can explicitly save lines in the file called Hold by
using the Hold command, or HH /HJ in Visual mode. Lines are written to the Hold0
file every time you move or copy with the Add command (MM, CC, and DD in
Visual mode). You can refer to the contents of these files by their file names in any
of the commands that access external files, such as Add-File, List, and Use.
J Option
You may append one or two option letters to a command name: Q, T, or J. For
example, the List command has these options: LQ, LT, LJ, LQJ, and LQT. The J
option specifies left-justified or "jumping" or other options. For example:
/lj {List-Jumping to browse; type N to stop}
/lqj {List-Jumping without sequence numbers}
/cj"*"." {verify each change before updating}
/aj * {add-justified after *; same indentation}
/rj 423 {replace-justified; same indentation}
/hoj 1/9 {append rangelist to end of holdfile}
Jumbo Files
Introduced in Qedit 4.3, Jumbo files are files in a new Qedit file format. They are
similar in structure to original Qedit files, but Jumbo files can hold lines up to 1,000
characters. In addition, Jumbo files can contain up to 99 million lines.
Starting in Qedit 4.6.57, there is a new workfile format known as Wide-Jumbo.
These expanded Jumbo files can hold lines up to 8,172 characters.
If you pass a Jumbo file to a program that knows about Qedit files but not Jumbo
files, the file will appear to be empty to the program.
Keep File
A Keep file is a disc file that is created by the Keep command of Qedit. See external
file. A Keep file cannot be edited per se, because you cannot insert lines in it. A
Qedit workfile is designed to hold the same data as a Keep file, but more compactly
and with the ability to insert lines. Use the Text command to copy a Keep file into
Qedit format.
Language
Qedit works on files of standardized formats called languages. Most are
programming languages: COBOL, FORTRAN, SPL, and Pascal. The "language"
Data is provided for files with a nonstandard line length (e.g., Set Length 45, Set
Length 132), but less than or equal to 1,000 columns per line. The "language" Text is
like the language Data, but for lines with less than 256 columns. The language of a
file tells Qedit how long the records may be, where the sequence number goes, and
much more.
244 • Qedit Glossary Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
For Qedit workfiles, the language is assigned to the file when it is created (see Set
Lang, New and Text).
Qedit also determines a language for each external file (COBOL, COBOLX, SPL,
FORTRAN, Pascal, RPG, Job, Text) by looking at the maximum record length, the
file name extension and the format of the first record. When external files are
accessed, Qedit determines these attributes following rules that are defined in
appendix B. There is no need to specify the Lang explicitly, unless there is an
ambiguity (e.g., /Text datafile,UNN because the file has numbers in last eight
columns).
Left
The Set Left command allows you to set a left margin for lines in your workfile.
When you do this, existing data to the left of the margin column is retained
unchanged, even though you may edit the rest of the line. Of course, if you Delete a
line, the entire line is gone. You can also use Set Right to create a right margin.
Length
The maximum length of lines in a Qedit workfile is 8,172 columns, if the file has Set
Lang Data. Other Lang values are limited to length 80 or less (72 for SPL,
FORTRAN, and Pascal, 74 for COBOLX and 66 for COBOL without the comment
columns). For Text and Data files, the maximum line length can be defined using Set
Length (maximum is 256 for Text, and 8,172 for Data).
Line
A line is a sequence of characters within a Qedit workfile. It has a length which may
vary as the line is edited and a maximum length. Many Qedit commands are based
on the line. List displays lines, Delete deletes lines, etc. If you use margins (Set Left,
Set Right), you can only list and edit the portion of the line within the margins. Each
unique line has a linenum that determines its position within the workfile.
55.01 Sample line of text.
Linenum
Each line in the workfile has a linenum (e.g., 999.99) that determines its relative
location in the workfile. Because each line number has a fractional part, lines can be
added between existing lines. For example:
/add 1.1
1.1 line inserted between 1 and 2.
1.2 line inserted between 1.1 and 2.
1.3 //
/list 1/2
1 *REMARK
1.1 line inserted between 1 and 2.
1.2 line inserted between 1.1 and 2.
2 IDENTIFICATION DIVISION.
The smallest increment that you can have between two lines is 0.001. After adding
enough lines in a single spot, you will not be able to add any more. For example,
lines cannot be added between 5.111 and 5.112. When this happens, use Renum to
renumber all or part of your file, or use Set Vis Renum On.
The simplest form of Qedit commands refers to a single linenum:
• nnnnn.nnn: 1 1.0 1.05 .05 100 1000 10000.001
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Glossary • 245
• FIRST: the first line in the file (lowest line number)
• LAST: the last line in the file (highest line number)
• [ : default abbreviation for FIRST
• ] : default abbreviation for LAST
• : the most recently accessed line
Examples of commands that refer to a single linenum are:
/add 50.1 {add new lines at line 50.1}
/c "X"Y" 100 {change X to Y in line 100}
/delete last {delete the last line in the file}
/list [ {list the first line in the file}
/modify * {modify the "current" line}
/replace ]-1 {replace penultimate line in file}
/list 200.1 {list line 200.1, if it exists}
Qedit also supports relative line numbers, as in List LAST-5 or Modify *-5/*+5.
Margins
Using Set Left and Set Right you can define margins for your workfile. The existing
data outside the margins is unchanged when you edit within the margins. This can be
extremely useful for editing files with more than 80 columns per line.
Memory Lock
Qedit has commands for enabling and disabling the terminal Memory Lock. This is
so that you can leave the User Keys displayed on your terminal and still access the
Memory Lock function:
/$ {or $+enables memory lock}
/$- {disables memory lock}
To use memory lock when prompted for a command, just move the cursor up to the
desired line, type "$" and hit Return. This feature does not work in Visual mode.
Patterns
You can ask Qedit to look for a pattern instead of a specific string by using the
Pattern window option:
/list ".@key@" (pattern)
The command above displays all lines that contain a period in column 1, and the
string "key" with anything in between and at the end. The string window can also
specify Upshift to ignore case and Nomatch to select lines that fail to match.
Qedit will only find the pattern within a single line of text, not spanning two lines.
The special characters in a pattern are:
• @ to match anything, including nothing
• # to match a single numeric digit
• ? to match a single alphanumeric character
• ~ (tilde or wavy line) to match zero or more spaces
• & match next character (use to match "@")
• ^ (reserved for future use)
246 • Qedit Glossary Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
• ! (reserved for future use)
Important: At-signs (@) are needed at both ends of a pattern if you want to search
for a pattern at any spot in the line. List "QEDIT" (PATTERN) matches only lines
consisting of "QEDIT" only, starting in column 1.
The Nomatch and Pattern options are ignored for the Change target string. If you try
to use them, Qedit prints a warning.
Here are some sample commands containing window options:
/list "bob" (upshift) {"bob","BOB","Bob",etc.}
/list "@BOB@" (pattern) {lines containing "BOB" anywhere}
/list "BOB@" (pattern) {lines with "BOB" in column 1}
/del "&@@" (pattern) {delete lines starting with @}
/mod "@fix@QEDIT@"(pat) {lines with two strings}
/delete "~" (pattern) {delete all blank lines}
/list "^[A-Z][a-z]*" (regexp) {lines starting with an uppercase}
Quiet-Q Option
You may append one or two option letters to a command name: J, T, and Q. For
example, the Add command has these variations: AddQ, AddT, AddJ, AddQT, and
AddQJ. The Q option means QUIET, without line numbers, or without printing the
lines processed. For example:
/lq 5/10 {list lines 5/10 without line numbers}
/kq paul {save lines without line numbers}
/aq 5.01 {add new lines, but don't prompt}
/aq 10.00=abc {add file without printing the lines}
/hq 45.1/.9 {replace Hold, but don't print lines}
/cq "X"Y" {change X to Y, but don't print line}
Range
A range is just a series of lines defined by a starting line number, a slash (/) and an
ending line number. ALL is short for FIRST/LAST and @ is short for ALL. If the
ending line is left off, Qedit assumes LAST. You can shorten a range like
516/516.554 to 516/.554.
/a 20=100/120 {copy range 100/120 after line 20}
/c "X"Y" */200 {change X to Y in current line to 200}
/delete all {delete the range ALL}
/keep tF3 [/200 {write the range [/200 to a file}
/list 100/ {list the range 100 to LAST}
/m 1111/.99 {modify the range 1111/1111.99}
/list last-10/ {list the last 11 lines in the file}
/l @ {list the entire workfile}
/zz 5/10;l zz {mark a range, then list it}
Rangelist
Qedit commands usually contain a part called the rangelist. A rangelist is simply a
sequence of line ranges separated by spaces or commas. Here are some sample
ranges:
Range
Means
1
a single line
1/4
lines 1 through 4, inclusive
25/100.1
lines 25 through 100.1
100/
lines 100 through the LAST line
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Glossary • 247
ALL
lines FIRST through LAST
*-9/*+9
area around current line
Here are some sample rangelists:
Rangelist
Means
1,5
lines 1 and 5
1/5 10/20
lines 1 through 5 and 10 through 20
25,33/100
lines 25 and 33 through 100
A rangelist can contain overlapping lines. Qedit does not try to resolve the ranges
into a list of ordered, unique lines. The ranges are processed as they appear in the
list.
Rangelist
Means
30/40,1/10
lines 30 to 40, then 1 to 10
1/10 5/20
lines 5 to 10 are processed twice
all,all
process the entire file twice
A rangelist can also contain a string search:
Rangelist
Means
"strg"
search the entire file for "strg"
"strg" 10/20
search only lines 10 through 20
A rangelist can include up to 10 strings (see String for definition). Strings are
separated from each other by an OR or AND keyword. Each string can have its own
search setting such as column range and options. OR and AND keywords can not be
mixed in a rangelist.
When OR is used, each string is compared in turn against the text. As soon as a
match is found, the line is selected. Thus, most commonly found strings should be
placed at the beginning of the list to increase speed.
For example,
/List "abc" or "xyz" { search for "abc" or "xyz" }
/C 1/2 "ME" "abc" (u 30/35) or "xyz" (50/60 s)
{ search for caseless "abc" in columns 30/35 or smart "xyz" in columns 50/60 }
When AND is used, all strings are searched for on each line and all strings must be
found for the line to be selected. The strings do not have to be in the same order. As
soon as one string is not found, the line is rejected.
For example,
/List "abc" and "xyz"
{ search for "abc" and "xyz". Both strings must be present, }
{ anywhere on the line, in any order }
/C 1/2 "ME" "abc" (u 30/35) and "xyz" (50/60 s)
{ search for caseless "abc" in columns 30/35 and }
{ smart "xyz" in columns 50/60 }
{ If either string is missing, the line is not selected. }
The complete rangelist is saved and used when the "previous string" syntax (i.e., a
null string) is entered. For example, /List "".
Each command has a default rangelist. The following commands default to "*", the
current line:
Add, Append, Change, Delete, Find (start search at *), Hold, List, Modify, Proc,
Replace, Visual (enter Visual mode at current line), ZZ.
248 • Qedit Glossary Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
Justify defaults to "*" for Center, Left, or Right, and to */end (maintaining blank
lines between paragraphs) for Format or Both.
Before, Do, and Redo defaults to the last command entered.
Relative Line Numbers
When you tell Qedit which line you are interested in, you can either specify the exact
line number, as in
/list 5 or /list last
or you can specify a position relative to an exact line, as in
/list *+6 or /list last-1
The first lists a line that is 6 lines after the current line and second lists the second
from last line in the file. The "*" is optional. Relative line numbers can go forward or
backward 10,000 lines.
To modify the text around the current line, use
/modify *-5/ {use Control-Y to stop the Modify}
/modify -5/ {the * is optional}
Qedit will even let you use relative line numbers when looking at an external file, as
in
/list invoice.job last-10/last
Right
You can use the Set Right command to define a right margin for the lines in your
file. Any data beyond the margin will remain unchanged as you edit the data to the
left of the margin. You can also set a left margin with Set Left.
Shifting
The Qedit string window has an option to match strings even if they differ in case. If
you want to match "speed demon", "SPEED DEMON" or even "Speed Demon", do:
/list "speed demon" (upshift)
If you want to change the case of letters in your text, use either Proc DOWN
(downshift entire lines), Proc UP (upshift entire lines), ^W^S^D in Qzmodify
(downshift from cursor to end of line), ^W^S^U in Qzmodify (upshift to end of line),
or ^C in Qzmodify (reverse case of cursor).
String
Most Qedit commands can specify a string of characters to be searched for in the
workfile. Only lines containing the string are processed by the command. A string is
delimited by quote characters ("SAM") or by one of these other special characters:
' \ ~ : | %
The delimiter list can be customized with the Set Stringdelimiters command.
The maximum length of a string is 80 characters. Apostrophe is a valid string
delimiter when Set Decimal is OFF (handy because ' is an unshifted key on many
keyboards). All these delimiters can be used within Qedit commands. Some
delimiters, like the colon, cannot be used in an implied search or on the home line
(===>) in full-screen mode.
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Glossary • 249
/QEDIT {find the next occurrence of the word QEDIT}
/:QEDIT: {colon prefix identifies a system command}
You can specify more precise string matching by appending a window to the string
("SAM" (UPSHIFT), etc.). A null string ("") refers to the previous string entered,
with the same window as before. For example:
/c "QEDIT"Quedit"@ {change spelling in all lines}
/l 'QEDIT' (upshift) {match uppercase and lowercase}
/find \withh\ {find spelling error; fix it}
/change \\with\
Tab
The TAB key can be used to skip logically to the next Tab stop (also physically, if
Tabs are set on the terminal). If more Tabs are included in a line than there are Tab
stops, a new work line is created. The default tab key is Control-I (TAB), but it can
be changed (Set Tabs "_"). The default Tab stops are every 10 columns (MPE) or
every 8 columns (HP-UX), but you can set the tabs to whatever columns you like
with Set Tabs.
Template-T Option
You may append one, two, or three option letters to a command: Q, J, or T. For
example, the List command has these variations: ListQ, ListT, ListJ, ListQJ, and
ListQT. The T option causes a column-number template to be printed once before
the command is processed. The T option is most useful with Add, List and Modify.
/LQT 1 {T=template of column numbers}
1...+....10...+....20...+....30...+....40...+....
LINE 1.
Visual Editing
Besides the traditional Line mode editing that Qedit supplies, it has another editor
built into it, a full-screen editor entered via the Visual command.
Window
A window is used to limit the extent of string matching. Normally, specifying a
string in a rangelist implies processing all lines where the string occurs anywhere
within the line, regardless of starting column and surrounding context.
With a window, string matching can be restricted to a specified column window
(example: 10/30 means column 10 through column 30). Shorthand: (1) = (1/1), ([/30)
= (first column/30), and (30/]) = (30/last column). Use a (1/132) window with
"TEXT" files to reduce the record width to 132 columns. The column numbers begin
with 7 in COBOL and 1 in the other languages.
The complete syntax for a window is: ( [column/column] [ keyword]...)
The window keywords are
Window keyword
Default
(SMART | NOSMART)
NOSMART
(UPSHIFT | NOUPSHIFT )
NOUPSHIFT
(PATTERN | NOPATTERN)
NOPATTERN
(MATCH | NOMATCH )
MATCH
(REGEXP | NOREGEXP )
NOREGEXP
250 • Qedit Glossary Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
A single window may specify multiple options separated by spaces or commas and
following the column range, but if Pattern is included the Smart-NoSmart option is
ignored. That is, (Upshift Pattern) makes sense, but (NoSmart Pattern) does not. The
options are independent and setting or resetting one does not change the others.
With the Smart keyword, Qedit matches a string only if the string is preceded by a
"special" character, or the start of the window, and is followed by a "special"
character, or the end of the window. In SPL, the apostrophe is not "special". In
COBOL, the hyphen is not "special". In Pascal, the underline is not "special". In
FORTRAN, embedded spaces are allowed.
When you specify Nomatch, Qedit selects the lines that do not contain the string.
The default of course is MATCH to select lines that do contain the string.
With the Upshift window keyword, Qedit ignores the case of letters in deciding
whether to find a match.
Pattern means that the string in the window is to be treated as a pattern to be matched
(i.e., "@UPD@MASTER@"). It may be combined with Upshift.
Regexp means that the string in the window is to be treated as a regular expression to
be matched (i.e., "UPD.*MASTER"). It may be combined with Upshift.
Here are some example uses of windows:
/list ".begin" (1/10 upshift) {.begin in 1st 10 cols}
/list "@begin@end@" (pattern upshift) {...begin...end...}
/list "^begin.*end$" (regexp noup) {begin...end}
A window can be specified permanently with the Set Window command, or
temporarily after any string in a rangelist. For example:
/set window (smart) {use Smart for all string searches}
/list "sum" {defaults to Smart searching}
/l "Sam" (upshift) {upshift in this command only}
Workfile
Qedit manipulates a collection of text lines that is called a workfile. The workfile is a
compact disc file with a permanent name that you can edit. Use New or Text to build
them. The scratch file is a special workfile that is the default, temporary workfile.
To provide the fastest possible response time, Qedit does not write every word that
you type out to the disc. Thus, after a system crash (or phone disconnection), you
could lose up to 10 lines of text. If you wish to force Qedit to post your changes to
the disc, you can either Shut the workfile or do an HP-UX command (e.g., ls).
Qedit saves the "context" of the workfile (i.e., Set Left/Right, current line number,
Set Length, etc.) when you Shut it. When you Open the workfile again, Qedit recalls
the same context. The Open command prints a compact warning of any features it
sets from the user label.
Special Characters
Certain nonalpha and nonnumeric characters like * and / have special meaning
within Qedit:
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Glossary • 251
?
Means Help, Nonprinting Characters, Alphanumeric (in Patterns) or Optional
(in Regexp)
Typing a question mark in the Visual home line or in response to the Line mode
prompt (/), is a request for on-line Help. In Visual you can get more detailed
assistance by typing Help, instead of "?," in the home line.
When Visual prints a ? at the start of a line, it means that the line contains
nonprinting characters, which are replaced by dots (.).
Question mark "?" in patterns matches a single alphabetic or numeric character:
/list "BASE??"(pattern) {"BASE" plus 2 alphanumerics}
A question mark (?) in regular expressions qualifies the preceding character and
makes it optional. This means the character may or may not be there. In either case,
the search is successful.
/list "cancell?ed" (regexp) {"canceled" and "cancelled" are found}
$
Means Hex, Memory Lock, List Option, Previous File or End-Of-Line (in
Regexp)
Dollar sign is used by Qedit to enable (/$) and disable (/$-) memory lock at the
current line.
In the calculator, $ is the prefix for a hexadecimal value (=$FF).
The List command has a variety of temporary options preceded by $. For example:
/list $octal 5/6 {octal dump}
/list $incl abc {Include files}
$ can be used as a shortcut to refer to the "previous" file name referenced in a Qedit
command. For example, after List XXX, the $ file name is XXX. If you already have
an open workfile or scratch file, a Text or Open command makes Qedit shut the
current workfile. Thus, the $ file name now contains the previous workfile name. If
you are not using a workfile, then $ is not updated by the Text or Open command.
However, it is updated by a Shut command without a file name. You can use $ as a
shortcut in commands that refer to an external file name (Open $, Add 1 = $, List $,
Use $, etc.). Verify $ shows you the name of the "previous" file.
A dollar sign ($) in regular expressions identifies the end of a line. It takes on this
meaning only if it is the last character in the regexp. If used anywhere else in the
expression, the dollar sign is used as a literal.
When it represents the end of a line, the dollar sign can find a successful match only
when the string is the last thing on a line.
/list "The END$" (regexp) {line must end with "The END"}
^
Means Findup, Control-Char, Start-of-line (in Regexp) or Negate (in Regexp)
The circumflex character (^) is a short name for the Findup command. In
documentation, it often indicates a control character (^A is Control-A). If you are not
on an HP terminal, you can use ^1 through ^8 to simulate the user function keys in
Line mode. That's circumflex-1, not Control-1!
252 • Qedit Glossary Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
The circumflex (^) in regular expressions identifies the start of a line. It takes on this
meaning only if it is the first character in the regexp. If used as the start-of-line, it
indicates that the string must be the first thing on that line for a successful match.
/list "^Once upon" (regexp) {line must start with "Once upon"}
If it used anywhere in the expression and is not preceded by a backslash, it is used as
a literal.
If the circumflex (^) in a regular expression is preceded by a backslash (\), it
indicates a control-character combination. The character to the right of the
circumflex makes up the actual control character.
/list "\^G" (regexp) {Control-G or Bell character}
The circumflex (^) in a character class within regular expressions negates the list of
characters in the class. It takes on this meaning only if it is the first character in the
class. If used anywhere else in the class, it is used as a literal.
If used as a negation, it indicates that the match is successful if the character in the
specified position of the text is not in the class list.
/list "[^abc]" (regexp) {successful if not "a," "b," or "c"}
.
Means Nonprinting, Reset, Decimal Point or Any Character (in Regexp)
The most common use of a period is as a decimal point in line numbers: 12.3.
Visual, Qzmodify and List $char use a period to represent nonprinting characters in
displays.
A period as a command at the Visual home line means "reset the current Cut and
Paste task".
A period or dot (.) in regular expressions is a placeholder for any character.
/list "[a.c]" (regexp) {one character between "a" and "c"}
!
Means Shell Script or Too Long
Put an exclam "!" at the start of a line to indicate a shell script or command.
/!ls {list current directory}
When a line is too long to print on the Visual screen, Qedit prints an exclamation
mark at the start of the line.
%
Means Octal or String
Percent (%) means either an octal value (%454) or a string (/list %xxx%).
*
Means Current, Refresh, Multiply or Quantifier (in Regexp)
In the calculator, * means multiply, as in =5*30.
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Glossary • 253
In Visual, an * at the ===> command lines tells Qedit to Refresh the screen. When
using Set Vis Update On to automatically update the screen, *> or *< moves ahead
or back one page, without updating the current page.
You can refer to the current line in your workfile by means of "*" (e.g., Modify *-
10/*+10). "*" is usually the default rangelist for a command if you do not specify
one. The *-pointer is moved by these commands:
Command
Status of "*" After the Command
Add
last line added.
Change
last line changed.
Delete
previous or next line, it depends.
Find
last line found or end-of-file.
Findup
last line found or start-of-file.
Hold
last line held.
Justify
last line updated.
Keep
no change to current line.
List
last line listed.
Lsort
last line sorted.
Modify
last line modified.
Proc
last line passed.
Replace
last line replaced.
Text
first line in file.
Visual
*-line of last page displayed.
An * can also refer to the "current" (or recent) workfile; as in Open * or Use *. The *
shortcut refers to the currently open Qedit workfile unless none is open, then it refers
to the one most recently Shut.
An asterisk (*) in regular expressions indicates the preceding element might repeat
zero (optional) or more times in the text.
/list "op*q" (regexp) {"p" might be missing or appears many times}
\
Means Previous, String, Literal Match (in Regexp) or Special Characters (in
Regexp)
If you enter only a Return in a command line, Qedit increments the current line
pointer to the next line and displays it.
If you enter a command line containing only a backslash ("\"), Qedit decrements the
current line to the previous line and displays it. Entering several backslashes ("\\\")
displays backwards several lines.
You can also use \ as a string delimiter (e.g., /list \xxx\).
A backslash (\) in regular expressions is used to indicate the next character must be
used as a literal. It removes any special meaning this character might otherwise have.
/list "\[" (regexp) {"[" is not start of character class}
A backslash (\) in regular expressions might qualify the next character as a special,
nonprinting character. These are special characters:
• \b Backspace
254 • Qedit Glossary Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
• \f Form feed
• \n New line (line feed)
• \r Carriage return
• \s Space
• \t Horizontal tab
• \e ASCII escape character (ESC)
• \DDD 1-3 octal digits representing a character's ASCII value
• \xDDD 1-3 hex digits representing a character's ASCII value
• \^C Control code (e.g,. Control-G (^G) is the Bell character)
/
Means Prompt, Range Delimiter, Stop, Exit, or Divide
Qedit uses the slash "/" in many places:
• As the delimiter in a line range (e.g., 500/600).
• As the delimiter in a column range (e.g., Change 1/2 "").
• // (two slashes) terminate input in the Add command
• (same as Control-Y).
• In Visual, / at the ===> line means Exit from Visual mode.
• In the calculator, as a divide (e.g., =100/5).
[
Means FIRST, [default] or Start Class (in Regexp)
Left bracket ([) is short for the FIRST line in the file, by default. This abbreviation
can be changed with Set Zip.
/list [ {list first line}
In questions, Qedit shows the default answer in square brackets:
Purge existing file [No]?
In the documentation, [ and ] indicate optional fields in commands (e.g., List
[rangelist ]).
Left square bracket ([) in regular expressions indicates the start of a character class.
/List "x[abc]z" {character class starts with "a"}
]
Means LAST or End Class (in Regexp)
Right bracket (]) is short for the LAST line in the file, by default. This abbreviation
can be changed with Set Zip.
/delete ] {delete last line}
In the documentation, [ and ] indicate optional syntax fields (e.g., Delete [rangelist]).
Right square bracket (]) in regular expressions indicates the end of a character class.
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Glossary • 255
/List "x[abc]z" {character class ends with "c"}
{ }
Are for Comments or Indentation
Qedit commands can have comments attached to them, as long as they are enclosed
in curly braces:
/keep test.c,yes {update disc file}
Qedit recognizes these comments at the "qux/" prompt or in usefiles. Qedit also
accepts comments on the home line in Visual mode, and at the More? prompt in
Browse mode.
Braces are also used in the Add Justified and Replace Justified commands to indicate
a change of indentation.
@
Means ALL
The at sign (@) means "all" in some fashion:
/list @ {all lines in a file}
/help list,@ {all information about List}
/l "Cu@"(pattern) {all strings starting with "Cu"}
The abbreviation for "all lines" is @ by default, but can be changed with the Set Zip
command.
&
Means Literal Match
Ampersand (&) in a pattern-match string means to match the next character literally,
even if it is an "@" or other character with pattern meaning:
/list "&@@"(pat) {all lines starting with "@"}
:
Means Shell Commands or String
Colon ":" at the start of a command line indicates a shell script or command:
/:who {show users logged on}
Colon is also a valid string delimiter:
/list :barbara:
;
Means Multiple Commands
Semicolon ";" combines two or more Qedit commands on a single line:
/list 5/10;add 5.5
Entering several semicolons (";;;") displays forward several lines.
When combining Qedit commands, be sure to use the same quote character in all of
them.
Incorrect:
256 • Qedit Glossary Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
/c7/7"DISPLAY";c\.\\
Correct:
/c7/7"DISPLAY";c".""
If you want to include HP-UX commands in the list and their syntax requires
semicolons, Qedit might not be able to parse the list correctly. To work around this
problem, you can put parentheses around the whole command. For example,
/list 5;!find . -name testfile -exec cat {} \; fails
/list 5;(!find . -name testfile -exec cat {} \;) works fine
If some commands require semicolons and parentheses, you have to put the
problematic command in a shell script and use it in the command list instead.
,
Means a List
Comma "," separates items in a list:
/modify 5, 10, 20/30, 44
Most commas are optional in Qedit.
=
Means Copy or Calculate
Equal sign "=" usually means copy something:
/add 5 = inclfile {copy "inclfile" into your file}
/add 5 = 10/20 {copy lines 10/20 after line 5}
/text w2 = w1 {build "w2" and copy "w1" into it}
Equal sign at the start of a command means to calculate something:
=10+25 {evaluate the expression}
Result= 35.0
<
Means Move, I/O Redirection or Backward Page
Less than "<" in the Add command means to move the lines instead of copying them:
/add 5 < 10/20 {move lines 10/20 after line 5}
Less than "<" in an HP/UX command means to read input from an external file.
!a.out < test.script
Less than "<" in the Visual home line means to move backwards one or more pages.
===><3 {move back 3 pages after Enter or F7}
>
Means Forward Page, I/O Redirection, Modify or Qhelp
Greater than ">" in the Visual home line means to move forward one or more pages.
===>>5 {move ahead 5 pages}
Greater than ">" in an HP-UX command means redirection of output to a file other
than stdlist.
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Qedit Glossary • 257
/ls > ls.result
The ">" symbol is used as a subcommand of HP-style modify, invoked as part of the
Modify, Redo or Before command, and meaning "end of line".
">" is the prompt when in the QHELP subsystem.
"
Means String
Double quotes are the nominal string delimiter in Qedit (List "BOB"). However, you
can use any of several special keys for string delimiters in a command:
/find "witth" {double quotes as quote}
/find :witth: {use colon instead of quote}
(
Means Start Parameter, Command or Subpattern (in Regexp)
Left parentheses "(" introduces the size of a file, a window for string matches, and is
always matched by an ending ")".
/list "string" (smart upshift)
Left parentheses "(" can be used to enclose commands which include commas or
semicolons that might be confused with delimiters. Qedit considers everything
between the left and right parentheses as one command. This is mostly useful when
multiple commands appear on one line.
/F "test";(listspf o ;seleq=[owner=mgr.acct]);Li */*+5
Left parentheses "(" are used to divide regular expressions into smaller portions
called subpatterns. Left parentheses identify the start of a subpattern.
/List "x(abc)z" {subpattern starts with "a"}
)
Means End Parameter, Command or Subpattern (in Regexp)
Right parentheses ")" completes a file size, a window for string matches, and is
irresistibly attached to "(".
/list "Robelle" (upshift)
Right parentheses ")" completes command enclosure which include commas or
semicolons that might be confused with delimiters. Qedit considers everything
between the left and right parentheses as one command. This is mostly useful when
multiple commands appear on one line.
/F "test";(listspf o ;seleq=[owner=mgr.acct]);Li */*+5
Right parentheses ")" identify the end of subpatterns inside regular expressions.
/List "x(abc)z" {subpattern ends with "c"}
+
Means Ahead Some Lines, Add or Quantifier (in Regexp)
Plus (+) means move ahead a relative number of lines.
258 • Qedit Glossary Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
/mod *+1
A plus sign at the Visual home line means move roll ahead a number of lines.
===>+15 {roll ahead 15 lines}
Plus in the calculator means add (e.g., =5+10).
A plus sign (+) in regular expressions indicates the preceding element might repeat
one or more times in the text.
/list "op+q" (regexp) {"p" must be there one or more times}
-
Means Back Some Lines, Minus or Range (in Regexp)
Minus (-) means back a relative number of lines.
/list *-20/
Minus in the Visual home line means roll back a number of lines.
===>-10 {roll back 10 lines}
Minus in the calculator means subtract (e.g., =1010-40).
Minus (-) in a character class within regular expressions indicates a range of
characters. It takes on this meaning if it appears between two other characters. If it
appears at the beginning or end of the class, it is used as a literal.
/list "[a-z]" (regexp) {range of lowercase letters}
/list "[-az]" (regexp) {character class "-," "a" and "z"
#
Means Numeric Pattern
In pattern-matching, crosshatch "#" matches a single numeric character:
/list "rec##"(pattern) {"rec" followed by 2 digits}
In the calculator, you can use # to include the previous result in the next calculation.
~
Means Spaces (Pattern), Recent Page or Field
In a Pattern, ~ (tilde) means to look for zero or more spaces.
At the Visual home line, the ~ (tilde) command means display the page that you
most recently left. It actually corresponds to the Visual current line "*". So, it can be
used from line-mode to reference that line.
The tilde is also used in Visual mode as a field separator within text lines that are to
be divided (VV) or glued (GG).
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual How to Contact Robelle • 259
How to Contact Robelle
Support
You can contact us at the following address:
Robelle Solutions Technology Inc.
7360 – 137 Street, Suite 372
Surrey, B.C. Canada V3W 1A3
Phone: 604.501.2001
Fax: 604.501.2003
E-mail: sales@robelle.com
E-mail: support@robelle.com
Web: http://www.robelle.com/
For our international distributors listing, please consult our web site.
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual How to Contact Robelle • 261
262 • Index Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
Index
- means back some lines or minus ....................................... 263
- means range (regexp) ........................................................ 263
!
! for shell commands ............................................................. 50
! in Visual mode ............................................................ 12, 257
! means shell script .............................................................. 257
#
# means numeric .................................................................. 263
$
$
memory lock .................................................................. 256
previous file ............................................. 98, 120, 125, 256
$ means end-of-line (regexp) .............................................. 256
$double option
List command ................................................................. 123
$even option
even number of pages .................................................... 127
$file ...................................................................................... 208
$include option
List command ................................................................. 123
$lp options ........................................................... 104, 121, 124
$odd option
odd number of pages ...................................................... 127
$-options
List command ................................................................. 121
$record option
List command ................................................................. 121
$shift option
List command ................................................................. 123
$use option
List command ................................................................. 124
%
%
octal number .................................................................. 257
&
&
ampersand in patterns ............................................ 196, 260
(
( means command ............................................................... 262
( means parameter ............................................................... 262
( means subpattern (regexp) ................................................ 262
)
) means command ............................................................... 262
) means parameter ............................................................... 262
) means subpattern (regexp) ................................................ 263
*
*
current file ................................................................ 98, 258
current line ..................................................................... 257
* means refresh the screen .................................................... 23
* means repeating (regexp) ................................................. 258
.
. means any character (regexp) ............................................ 257
. means reset Visual cut-and-paste ........................................ 17
... (dot-dot-dot) ........................................................................ 4
/
/
prompt and range delimiter ............................................ 259
/ to exit from Visual .............................................................. 16
// ends line input .................................................................... 72
?
? in Visual mode .................................................................... 12
? means alphanumeric (pattern) .......................................... 255
? means optional (regexp) ................................................... 255
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Index • 263
@
@ means ALL ..................................................................... 260
[
[ means character class (regexp) ......................................... 259
[ means FIRST or [default] ................................................. 259
[default] ........................................................................... 4, 259
]
] means end class (regexp) .................................................. 259
] means LAST ..................................................................... 259
^
^ (circumflex) .......................................................... 35, 36, 256
^ means control character (regexp) ..................................... 256
^ means negate (regexp) ...................................................... 257
^ means start-of-line (regexp) ............................................. 256
{
{braces} for comments .................................................. 72, 260
~
~ (tilde)
blank pattern ............................................. 97, 196, 250, 264
field separator ........................................................... 19, 188
most recent screen .......................................................... 264
+
+ means ahead some lines or add ........................................ 263
+ means repeating (regexp) ................................................. 263
<
< means move ..................................................................... 261
=
= means copy ....................................................................... 261
===> commands ................................................................... 21
>
> means forward page ......................................................... 262
1
1234
RCRTMODEL ................................................................. 54
132-column mode
controlling ...................................................................... 193
5
512-column width ............................................................... 186
7
700/92 terminal ..................................................................... 12
700/9x and Visual ............................................................... 226
A
A4-size paper ...................................................................... 129
abbreviating ........................................................... 71, 202, 243
absolute file name ....................................................... 118, 206
access log .............................................................................. 63
Account
Set 161
ACD security ....................................................................... 119
Add command ......................................................... 34, 74, 198
adding a string as a line ......................................................... 76
adding lines ..................................................................... 33, 74
AdvanceLink keystrokes ....................................................... 14
Alias
Set 161
Alias Fkey
Set 162
Alias Ignorecase
Set 162
Alias Off
Set 162
Alias Reset
Set 163
Alias Trace
Set 162
all lines ................................................................................ 260
Already error ....................................................................... 223
Alt-X
changing exit key ............................................................. 67
Alt-Y Reflection command ................................................. 155
Alt-Y versus Reflect .............................................................. 65
ampersand (&)
pattern-match ......................................................... 196, 260
anchors ................................................................................ 236
Append command ................................................................. 79
264 • Index Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
appending
Hpmodify ....................................................................... 145
appending to the end of a line ............................................. 140
approval of changes
Colcopy ............................................................................ 91
Colmove ........................................................................... 94
approval of Changes .............................................................. 85
ASCII
Set Keep ......................................................................... 167
Asian character sets ............................................................. 164
attached printer .................................................................... 126
Attachmate .......................................................................... 186
Autocont
Set 47, 163
autoindent .............................................................................. 75
auto-renumbering .......................................................... 75, 190
B
backreferences ..................................................................... 240
backslash means display previous line ................................ 258
backslash means literal (regexp) ......................................... 258
backslash means special (regexp) ....................................... 258
Backward command .............................................................. 80
batch ...................................................................................... 47
definition of .................................................................... 243
Before command ................................................................... 81
Bell
Set Visual option .............................................................. 12
bell characters in Visual ................................................ 12, 186
binary files ........................................................................... 167
blank lines
deleting ..................................................................... 97, 250
block-mode ............................................................................ 10
Both
Justify ............................................................................. 112
Bourne shell ........................................................................... 45
braces for {comments} .......................................................... 72
brackets ................................................................................ 3, 4
browse ..................................................... 35, 80, 105, 125, 212
Browse
Open ............................................................................... 148
Text ................................................................................ 205
browsing through your file .............................................. 16, 29
building a workfile .............................................................. 147
Bytestream
Set Keep ......................................................................... 168
C
-c cmdstring option ................................................................ 47
C shell .................................................................................... 45
calculator ............................................................... 73, 220, 244
carriage control .................................................................... 168
case
ignoring .................................................................... 86, 253
CC cut-and-paste (copy) ........................................................ 17
CCTL
Set Keep ......................................................................... 168
cd command .......................................................................... 83
Center
Justify ............................................................................. 111
Change command ............................................................ 37, 84
change tagging
COBOL .......................................................................... 198
changing line casing ............................................................ 152
character class ..................................................................... 237
character range .................................................................... 238
Check
Set 96, 111, 163
Checktimestamp
Set Keep ......................................................................... 168
Set Open ......................................................................... 176
circumflex (^) ...................................................................... 256
clearing the screen ............................................................... 187
clearing the workfile ........................................................... 206
Close command ..................................................................... 89
closing workfile ................................................................... 203
Cobfree
Set Keep ......................................................................... 168
Set Lang ......................................................................... 171
COBOL
tagging changes .............................................................. 198
COBOL comments .............................................................. 199
COBOL left margin ............................................................. 111
Cobolfixed
Set Text .......................................................................... 182
Cobolx
Set Lang ................................................................. 171, 198
Cobx tags
Change ............................................................................. 86
Colcopy ............................................................................ 91
Colmove ........................................................................... 94
Code
Set Keep ......................................................................... 169
Colcopy command ................................................................ 90
Colmove command ............................................................... 93
colon for shell commands ................................................... 260
column
definition of .................................................................... 244
column changes ..................................................................... 87
column editing ..................................................................... 158
column range in list ............................................................. 122
columns
copy .................................................................................. 90
copying ........................................................................... 158
move ................................................................................. 93
removing .......................................................................... 87
shifting ............................................................................. 87
Columns
Set Term option ............................................................. 181
columns of display memory .................................................. 55
Com Name error .................................................................. 223
combining commands ................................................... 72, 260
comma means a list ............................................................. 261
command history
Shell ................................................................................. 50
command names .................................................................. 244
commands ............................................................................. 71
comments in commands ........................................................ 72
Compare/UX program ............................................................. 3
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Index • 265
completion codes ................................................................... 66
configuring full-screen mode .............................................. 191
configuring Qedit .......................................................... 46, 159
configuring Visual ............................................................... 184
Confirm deletion ................................................................... 96
console
recovering after ^B ......................................................... 139
console messages ................................................................... 63
Continue
automatic ........................................................................ 163
control characters .................................................... 4, 163, 245
control codes for editing .............................................. 138, 141
Control-A codes
TAE ................................................................................ 193
Control-B on the console ..................................................... 139
Control-D in modify .............................................................. 46
Control-S to pause ............................................................... 124
Control-Y to stop a command ....................................... 72, 124
Control-Y to undelete ............................................................ 39
conventions .............................................................................. 3
Copy command ..................................................................... 76
copying a block of text .......................................................... 17
copying a file into Qedit ...................................................... 205
copying columns ................................................................. 158
copying from a file ................................................................ 77
copying lines ......................................................................... 76
copying text in Screen ........................................................... 30
copying text in Visual ........................................................... 16
CPU time ............................................................................. 179
crash recovery ..................................................................... 150
creating columns ................................................................... 87
CRT
definition of .................................................................... 245
CRT model variable ........................................................ 53, 55
CRT width variable ............................................................... 55
curly braces { } .................................................................... 260
current line
definition of .................................................................... 245
position on screen .................................................. 185, 186
cursor movement ............................................................. 12, 28
cut-and-paste ................................................................... 16, 30
cut-and-paste between files ............................................. 18, 21
Cutcurrent
Set Visual option ............................................................ 187
D
Data
Set Lang ......................................................................... 171
data files
texting ............................................................................ 207
DC1 ....................................................................................... 56
DD cut-and-paste (delete) ..................................................... 17
Decimal
Set 22, 163
default answers ........................................................................ 4
default text formatting
Justify ............................................................................. 113
defaults ................................................................................ 245
Defer
Set Open option .............................................................. 176
deferred write access ................................................... 149, 176
delete
ask approval ................................................................... 163
Delete
confirm ............................................................................. 96
Delete command .............................................................. 39, 96
deleting a block in Screen ..................................................... 30
deleting a block in Visual ...................................................... 16
deleting blank lines ....................................................... 97, 250
deleting characters ............................................................... 139
delimiters ................................................................. 22, 85, 253
Destroy command ................................................................. 98
differences
MPE versus HP-UX ......................................................... 58
dirty workfile ............................................................... 117, 118
Discard changes on exit ........................................................ 48
display enhancement
cut-and-paste .................................................................... 17
display width
Visual ............................................................................. 216
display width in Line mode ................................................. 181
Divide command ................................................................... 99
divide function
Modify ........................................................................... 140
divide function (VV)
Visual ............................................................................... 19
DL
Set 164
Do command ....................................................................... 100
dot-dot-dot … .......................................................................... 4
Double option
double-spacing ....................................................... 123, 128
double-sided printing
LaserJet .......................................................................... 121
downshifting lines ............................................................... 152
Duplex $-option
List ................................................................................. 121
duplex printing .................................................................... 128
E
edit several files at once ................................................ 44, 206
editing columns ................................................................... 158
editing the text
Screen ............................................................................... 29
Visual ............................................................................... 13
Editinput
Set 12, 75
Editonopen
Set Visual option ............................................................ 187
EDITOR variable .................................................................. 48
embedded words .................................................................... 86
Empty error ......................................................................... 223
end-of-line ........................................................................... 236
EOF In error ........................................................................ 223
equal sign ............................................................................ 244
Equals error ......................................................................... 223
error abort
override .......................................................................... 163
Error Already .......................................................... 75, 77, 157
Error Full ............................................................................. 106
266 • Index Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
Error in Visual CRT read error ........................................... 228
Error in Visual Cut-and-paste ............................................. 227
Error in Visual Define string ............................................... 226
Error in Visual File full ....................................................... 227
Error in Visual No update ........................................... 226, 227
Error in Visual Not enough lines ......................................... 226
Error in Visual Parameters .................................................. 226
error log ................................................................................. 63
error messages ............................................................. 223, 226
errors in Visual .................................................................... 225
Esc
Set Visual option .............................................................. 12
escape character ................................................................... 239
escape character in Visual ............................................. 12, 188
escape sequences ................................................................. 163
escaped sequences in regular expressions ........................... 239
escaped sequences in replacement string ............................ 241
even margins
left and right ................................................................... 112
even or odd number of pages .............................................. 121
exclude lines, full-screen ............................................... 19, 194
Exclusive
Set Text .......................................................................... 181
executing commands in a file .............................................. 213
Exit command ..................................................................... 101
exit from Visual ..................................................................... 16
exit keystroke
Reflection ......................................................................... 67
exit screen mode .................................................................... 29
exit with verify ...................................................................... 48
expanding a workfile ........................................................... 227
Expandtabs
Set 165
extension, file ...................................................................... 231
Extentsize
Set 165
external command process .................................................. 165
external files .......................................................................... 77
definition of .................................................................... 246
Extprog
Set 165
Extra error ........................................................................... 223
F
F1 function key ...................................................................... 15
F2 function key .............................................................. 15, 212
F3 function key ...................................................................... 15
F4 function key ...................................................................... 15
F5 function key ................................................................ 15, 80
F6 function key .............................................................. 15, 105
F7 function key .............................................................. 15, 131
F8 function key ...................................................................... 16
fast scrolling .......................................................................... 29
Fclose error .......................................................................... 223
Fcontrol error ....................................................................... 223
Fgetinfo error ....................................................................... 223
field separator in Visual (~) ................................................ 188
file
modification timestamp ......................................... 168, 176
file extension ....................................................................... 231
file format
Jumbo ............................................................. 171, 230, 247
original ................................................................... 229, 230
Wide-Jumbo ................................................... 171, 230, 247
file formats .......................................................................... 229
file full ......................................................................... 106, 227
file name
definition of .................................................................... 246
file names
hardcoded ......................................................................... 51
log 63
File nearly full! .................................................................... 228
file open error ...................................................................... 150
file timestamp ...................................................... 118, 150, 208
file type
override .......................................................................... 208
Filename
Set 165
Filename error ..................................................................... 224
filling text
even left margin ............................................................. 112
Find command ............................................................... 35, 102
Findup command ........................................................... 35, 103
fold lines .............................................................................. 209
Fold lines, List ..................................................................... 130
Fopen error .......................................................................... 224
force disconnection ............................................................. 101
Force-80-Columns in Reflection ......................................... 194
Form command ................................................................... 104
form feed causing Return/Line feed ...................................... 65
Format
Justify ............................................................................. 112
formatting listings with Set List .......................................... 126
formatting text ..................................................................... 110
FORTRAN
Set 166
Forward command .............................................................. 105
Fread error ........................................................................... 224
Freaddir error ...................................................................... 224
Full error .............................................................................. 224
full file ......................................................................... 106, 227
full-screen after Open .......................................................... 187
full-screen editing ................................................ 215, 247, 254
function key labels ................................................ 56, 189, 195
saving ............................................................................. 191
function keys ................................................................... 14, 73
Fwrite error .......................................................................... 224
Fwritedir error ..................................................................... 224
G
G/H straps .............................................................................. 56
garbage collection ............................................................... 106
Garbage command .............................................................. 106
Gather command ........................................................... 77, 157
GG cut-and-paste (glue) ................................................ 19, 188
global COBOL tag .............................................................. 200
glossary ............................................................................... 243
Glue command .................................................................... 107
glue function (GG)
Visual ............................................................................... 19
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Index • 267
goof in modify ..................................................................... 138
goto linenum .......................................................................... 30
H
Halfbright
Set 166
Set Vis option ................................................................. 188
handshaking ........................................................................... 56
header records ..................................................................... 207
Help command .............................................................. 40, 108
HH cut-and-paste (hold) ........................................................ 17
Hidetags
Set Vis option ................................................................. 189
highlighted line
cut-and-paste .................................................................... 30
Hints
Set 166
HJ cut-and-paste (hold-append) ............................................ 20
Hold command .............................................................. 77, 109
Hold file ........................................................... 20, 49, 109, 247
name substitution ........................................................... 109
replacing from ................................................................ 158
Hold0 file ....................................................................... 77, 109
Hold0 file in Visual mode ..................................................... 20
holding programs
restricting ....................................................................... 173
home line ............................................................................... 11
home line command
truncated ........................................................................... 24
home line commands ............................................................. 21
home line not transmitted
error ................................................................................ 227
Hpmodify
Set Modify option .................................................. 144, 174
Hpmodify editing
examples ........................................................................ 145
reference ......................................................................... 144
Hppath
Set command .................................................................. 166
hpterm .......................................................................... 187, 189
hpterm emulator .................................................................... 54
HP-UX and Visual .............................................................. 225
HP-UX versus MPE .............................................................. 58
I
I/O redirection ............................................................. 261, 262
IBM files ............................................................................. 207
identifying the terminal ......................................................... 53
ignore case in string search ................................................... 86
ignore line feed option ......................................................... 189
ignoring case in string search .............................................. 253
implicit commands ................................................................ 72
implicit hold ........................................................................ 109
In Use error .......................................................................... 224
Include file prefix character ................................................ 123
Include files ......................................................................... 123
incorrect line numbers ......................................................... 207
increase size of workfile ...................................................... 227
Increment
Set 75, 166
indentation ........................................................................... 115
indenting a list of points ...................................................... 114
indenting line automatically .................................................. 75
initial command line .............................................................. 47
Insert Char ........................................................................... 189
inserting characters ........................................................ 36, 139
Interactive
Set 167
interrupting a listing ............................................................ 124
J
J option ................................................................................ 247
JJ cut-and-paste (justify) ....................................................... 20
Join command ....................................................................... 77
joining lines ............................................. 19, 31, 107, 111, 140
Jumbo files .......................................................... 171, 230, 247
jumping
List ................................................................... 80, 105, 212
justification breaks .............................................................. 115
justify
ask approval ................................................................... 163
Justify
Set 113, 167
Justify command ................................................................. 110
K
KEA! Terminal emulator .................................................... 186
Keep
Set 167
Keep command .............................................................. 40, 117
Keep file .............................................................................. 247
keyboard
Screen ............................................................................... 28
Visual ............................................................................... 12
keyboard remapping .............................................................. 67
Korn shell .............................................................................. 45
L
Label
Set Keep ......................................................................... 169
labels for function keys ......................................................... 56
language
definition of .................................................................... 247
Language
Set 170
Language warning ............................................................... 224
LaserJet ............................................................................... 128
fonts and orientation ...................................................... 128
leading spaces
removing ........................................................................ 111
Left
Justify ............................................................................. 112
268 • Index Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
Set 172
left edge
floats in Justify ............................................................... 113
left margin ..................................................................... 12, 248
Length
Set 172
Length, Text option ............................................................. 209
Lib
Set 173
Limits
Set 173
line
definition of .................................................................... 248
line feeds missing ................................................................ 189
Line mode display width ..................................................... 181
line numbers
strange ............................................................................ 207
line overflow ....................................................................... 198
Line range .............................................................................. 68
linenum ................................................................................ 110
definition of .................................................................... 248
Linenum error ...................................................................... 224
lines
fold ................................................................................. 209
length .............................................................................. 248
Lines option of List ............................................................. 127
List
Set 126, 173
List command ........................................................................ 34
$-options ........................................................................ 121
list double-spaced ................................................................ 128
list of files ............................................................................ 133
list of points
formatting ....................................................................... 114
list without file name on page ............................................. 127
list without page numbers ................................................... 127
list without title ................................................................... 127
listing column ranges .......................................................... 122
List-Jump ....................................................................... 35, 125
Listredo command ............................................................... 131
Listundo command .............................................................. 132
LJ
Set List option ................................................................ 126
local COBOL tag ................................................................. 200
log file names ........................................................................ 63
log files .................................................................................. 63
errors ................................................................................ 63
long lines ............................................................................... 75
looking at the file ................................................................... 34
LP listing ............................................................. 104, 121, 124
LP Open error ...................................................................... 224
ls command ......................................................................... 133
Lsort command .................................................................... 134
M
Margin
Justify ............................................................................. 113
margin, full-screen .............................................................. 216
Marginfixed
reset in Visual ................................................................ 190
margins ........................................................................ 172, 178
Add command ............................................................ 75, 78
copying lines .................................................................... 77
definition of .................................................................... 249
moving lines ..................................................................... 77
margins in Visual ................................................................ 199
marking a block in Screen ..................................................... 30
marking a block in Visual ..................................................... 16
marking a block of lines ...................................................... 219
Maxdata
Set 174
maximum line length ........................................................... 172
means multiple commands .................................................... 72
memory lock .......................................................... 72, 249, 256
Merge command .................................................................. 135
merge horizontal .................................................................. 135
Merge-command
justified .......................................................................... 135
merging files ........................................................................ 135
message line .......................................................................... 27
metacharacters ..................................................................... 235
missing
invalid status line error .................................................. 227
missing columns .................................................................. 207
missing line feeds ................................................................ 189
MM cut-and-paste (move) ..................................................... 17
modification timestamp ....................................................... 118
erase ............................................................................... 169
Modify
Set 174
setting codes ................................................................... 175
Modify command .................................... 36, 75, 137, 175, 202
Modify error ........................................................................ 224
move by words ...................................................................... 29
moving cursor
Screen ............................................................................... 28
Visual ............................................................................... 12
moving lines .......................................................................... 77
moving text in Screen ............................................................ 30
moving text in Visual ............................................................ 16
MPE versus HP-UX .............................................................. 58
multiple search strings ......................................................... 251
N
Name
Set Keep ......................................................................... 169
Name option of List ............................................................ 127
names of commands ............................................................ 244
Nearest, List command ........................................................ 120
negated character class ........................................................ 238
New command .................................................................... 147
new extra scratch file ............................................................ 45
new features ............................................................................ 4
NewLine character ................................................................ 67
next line display .................................................................. 258
next page function ............................................................... 105
No Line error ....................................................................... 224
No Open error ..................................................................... 224
No Write error ..................................................................... 224
Nomatch window option ............................................. 249, 254
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Index • 269
nonprinting characters ................................................... 75, 163
Num
Set Keep ......................................................................... 170
Num option of List .............................................................. 127
numbered files ..................................................................... 207
numerical expressions ......................................................... 220
O
off-line listing ...................................................................... 126
Open
Set option ....................................................................... 176
Open command ............................................................. 40, 148
open stack ............................................................................ 149
operator's console (Control-B) ............................................ 139
optional character ................................................................ 237
Overflow error ..................................................................... 224
overlapping columns
Colcopy ............................................................................ 91
Colmove ........................................................................... 94
overlapping lines in a rangelist ............................................ 251
overwriting characters ................................................... 36, 138
P
page numbers
remove from listing ........................................................ 127
Page option of List .............................................................. 126
paragraphs
start and stop .................................................................. 115
Param error .......................................................................... 224
Paren error ........................................................................... 224
PATH
default for Qedit ............................................................... 45
Pattern
Set 176
Pattern window ............................................................ 249, 254
pattern-matching .................................................................. 249
patterns
not allowed in Change ..................................................... 86
pause during printout ........................................................... 125
pausing listings .................................................................... 124
PC control from Qedit ........................................................... 66
PC emulators ......................................................................... 55
PC keyboards
Visual ............................................................................... 14
PCL setting
List command ................................................................. 128
period
two spaces after .............................................................. 114
Permanent redo .................................................................... 177
Persistent redo ..................................................................... 177
PH
language ......................................................................... 170
port number ........................................................................... 62
Prep
Maxdata .......................................................................... 174
RL default ...................................................................... 178
previous file ......................................................................... 256
previous line display ........................................................... 258
previous page function .......................................................... 80
primary scratch file ............................................................... 44
printer
attached to terminal ........................................................ 126
printers ................................................................................. 124
Priority
Set 177
Proc command ..................................................................... 152
Proc error ............................................................................. 224
Prompt
Set 177
Purge command ..................................................................... 98
Q
Q command ......................................................................... 153
qaccess archive library ............................................................ 3
qcat .................................................................................... 3, 58
Qcterm ................................................................................... 12
Qcterm version ...................................................................... 55
QEDCURWFILE variable .................................................... 57
Qedhint.Help.Robelle .......................................................... 166
Qedit
workfile formats ............................................................. 229
Qedit file formats ................................................................ 229
Qedit version number .......................................................... 230
Qeditmgr files .................................................. 46, 51, 124, 160
QEDITMGRTRACE variable ............................................... 57
QEDPROMPTEDPWD variable .......................................... 57
QEDSTOREDPWD variable ................................................ 57
QJ
Set List option ................................................................ 126
qscreen
recovery using ................................................................ 226
quick help ............................................................................ 108
Quiet mode
reset in Visual ................................................................ 190
Quiet option ......................................................................... 250
quote characters ..................................................................... 22
quotes
alternate ............................................................................ 85
quotes means string ............................................................. 262
Qzmodify ............................................................................. 140
Set Modify ..................................................................... 175
R
range
definition of .................................................................... 250
Range ..................................................................................... 68
Range error .......................................................................... 224
rangelist ................................................................................. 34
definition of .................................................................... 251
overlapping lines ............................................................ 251
rangelist in Justify command .............................................. 110
RCRTMODEL variable ........................................................ 53
RCRTSTRAPSGH variable .................................................. 56
RCRTWIDTH variable ......................................................... 55
270 • Index Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
read-only access .......................................................... 148, 205
Record mode
List option .............................................................. 121, 126
recovery from Reflection exit ............................................... 66
recovery of workfile ............................................................ 150
recovery using qscreen ........................................................ 226
Recovery warning ............................................................... 224
Redo
Set 177
Redo command .................................................................... 154
Reflect command ........................................................... 66, 155
Reflection .............................................................................. 12
Reflection and LaserJets ...................................................... 126
Reflection commands in Qedit ...................................... 66, 155
Reflection for Windows ...................................................... 126
Reflection Force-80-Columns ............................................. 194
Reflection keystrokes ...................................................... 13, 14
Reflection version ................................................................. 55
refresh line ............................................................................. 36
refresh the screen ................................................................... 23
regexp
anchors ........................................................................... 236
backreferences ................................................................ 240
character class ................................................................ 237
character range ............................................................... 238
escape ............................................................................. 239
escaped replacement ...................................................... 241
escaped sequences .......................................................... 239
metacharacters ................................................................ 235
negated class .................................................................. 238
optional character ........................................................... 237
repeating characters ....................................................... 237
repeating class ................................................................ 238
single character .............................................................. 236
subpattern ....................................................................... 240
Regexp ................................................................................. 255
Regular Expression ............................................................. 255
relative line numbers ........................................................... 252
remapping the keyboard ........................................................ 67
removing columns ................................................................. 87
removing garbage from listings ........................................... 121
renaming workfile ............................................................... 203
renumber
automatic .................................................................. 75, 190
Renumber command ........................................................... 157
renumbering .................................................................. 75, 157
repeating characters ............................................................. 237
repeating class ..................................................................... 238
Replace command ............................................................... 158
replacing a string ................................................................... 29
replacing words ..................................................................... 36
replicating a block in Visual .................................................. 16
reset 700/9x terminal ........................................................... 226
reset cut-and-paste ........................................................... 17, 31
reset Visual (Set Visual Stop) ....................................... 52, 192
reset ZZ ............................................................................... 219
restarting Modify on a line .................................................. 138
restricting users ................................................................... 173
retain current line ................................................................ 187
Return means display next line ........................................... 258
Right
Justify ............................................................................. 111
Set 178
right margin ......................................................................... 252
Colmove ........................................................................... 94
justify ............................................................................. 113
right margin in Visual ......................................................... 216
Right margin, Visual ........................................................... 190
RL
Set 178
RLABELDEFAULT variable ....................................... 56, 195
Robelle
Set Mod option ............................................................... 175
ROBELLE environment variable .......................................... 57
roll amount .......................................................................... 212
roll up function .................................................................... 212
Roman-8 characters ................................................. 12, 75, 164
Roman-8 versus ASCII ....................................................... 130
RPCVERSION
132 columns ................................................................... 193
RPCVERSION variable ........................................................ 55
RR cut-and-paste (replicate) ................................................. 18
Run
lib= ................................................................................. 173
restricting ....................................................................... 173
running Qedit with Reflection ............................................... 65
S
-s option ................................................................................. 48
save ........................................................................................ 40
saving function keys ............................................................ 191
scratch file ............................................................................. 49
screen layout
Screen ............................................................................... 26
Visual ............................................................................... 11
Screen mode
startup ............................................................................... 25
troubleshooting ................................................................ 26
scrollup character, full-screen mode ................................... 192
search again ........................................................................... 30
search and replace ................................................................. 29
search string .......................................................................... 30
searching for two strings at once ........................................... 85
searching for words ............................................................... 35
Self-describing files ............................................................ 104
semicolon .............................................................................. 72
semicolon means multiple commands ................................ 260
server process ........................................................................ 61
Set command ....................................................................... 159
Set commands in Qeditmgr ................................................... 47
Set Open Defer .................................................................... 149
Set Text ............................................................................... 181
Set Visual command ........................................................... 184
Setincr
Text command ............................................................... 207
Setmsg
reset in Visual ................................................................ 190
several files
editing .............................................................................. 44
shell command history .......................................................... 50
shell command limitations .................................................... 83
shell commands ............................................................... 50, 73
Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual Index • 271
shells
setting variables ............................................................... 52
Shift
Set 179
shiftin character in Visual ..................................................... 12
ShiftIn characters in Visual ................................................. 191
shifting case (uppercase and lowercase) ............................. 253
shifting columns .................................................................... 87
shifting listings to the right ................................................. 123
Shifting Output .................................................................... 122
shiftout character in Visual ................................................... 12
shiftout characters in Visual ................................................ 192
Shut command ............................................................... 40, 203
SI
Set Visual option .............................................................. 12
single file edit
-s option ........................................................................... 48
Size error ............................................................................. 225
Smart string matching ................................................... 86, 254
SO
Set Visual option .............................................................. 12
sorting lines ......................................................................... 134
spaces, preserve trailing ...................................................... 197
special characters ................................................................. 255
Spell
Set 179
splicing lines .................................................. 19, 107, 111, 140
splitting lines ..................................................... 19, 31, 99, 140
Start and Stop
Justify options ................................................................ 115
start Qedit server ..................................................................... 6
start-of-line .......................................................................... 236
status line ......................................................................... 11, 27
straight margins ................................................................... 112
string delimiters ..................................................... 22, 179, 253
String error .......................................................................... 225
String range ........................................................................... 68
string replacement
Hpmodify ....................................................................... 145
string search ............................................................. 22, 35, 196
strings
changing ........................................................................... 84
definition of .................................................................... 253
maximum length ............................................................ 253
stty ......................................................................................... 46
subpatterns ........................................................................... 240
Substitution, variable ........................................................... 184
Super Cartridge ................................................................... 130
symbol
Smart search ............................................................. 86, 254
T
Tab
Set Visual option .............................................................. 12
tab character ........................................................................ 207
tab character in Visual ......................................................... 192
tab characters in Visual ......................................................... 12
tab stops ................................................................................. 51
tabs
whether to expand .......................................................... 165
Tabs
Set 75, 180, 253
TAE
Set Visual option ............................................................ 193
Target error .......................................................................... 225
Tell messages in Visual ....................................................... 190
template ....................................................................... 125, 253
template line
Visual screen .................................................................... 11
Term Columns
Set 181
TERM variable and Screen mode ......................................... 26
terminal config
changing ......................................................................... 192
terminals supported by Visual ............................................. 225
Text
Set 181
Text command ..................................................................... 205
building workfiles .......................................................... 147
Text into extra scratch file ..................................................... 44
text lines
Screen screen ................................................................... 27
Visual screen .................................................................... 11
texting data files .................................................................. 207
TextJ command ................................................................... 206
tilde (~)
blank pattern .................................................... 97, 196, 250
field separator .................................................. 19, 188, 264
most recent screen .......................................................... 264
timestamp
file 118
Title option of List .............................................................. 127
titles
listing without ................................................................ 127
Too high error ..................................................................... 225
Totals
Set 183
trailing spaces
Colcopy ............................................................................ 90
Colmove ........................................................................... 93
trailing spaces, preserve ...................................................... 197
trial users ................................................................................. 5
troubleshooting Screen mode ................................................ 26
truncated home line ............................................................... 24
two spaces at end of sentence .............................................. 114
two-column listings ............................................................. 129
two-sided printing ............................................................... 128
Type Ahead Engine ............................................. 142, 143, 195
typeahead codes
suppressing ..................................................................... 193
U
UDCs
see User Defined Commands ......................................... 183
undefined control codes ...................................................... 164
Undelete .......................................................................... 39, 96
Undo
Set 183
Undo command ..................................................... 39, 132, 210
Undo edit
272 • Index Qedit 5.9 for HP-UX User Manual
Hpmodify ....................................................................... 145
Undo in Visual mode ..................................................... 23, 210
unnumbered files ................................................................. 170
unprintable characters ......................................................... 163
Up command ....................................................................... 212
up lines (|) ................................................................................ 4
updating Visual screen ........................................................ 193
uppercase versus lowercase ........................................... 71, 253
Upshift window option ........................................ 249, 253, 254
upshifting lines .................................................................... 152
Use command ...................................................................... 213
usefiles
searching ........................................................................ 124
User Defined Commands .................................................... 183
Set 183
V
-v option ................................................................................ 48
Var
Set Keep ......................................................................... 170
Variable substitution ........................................................... 184
variable-length files ............................................................. 170
variables
how to set ......................................................................... 52
variables that drive Qedit ...................................................... 52
Varsub, Set .......................................................................... 184
Vemodify
now Qzmodify ....................................................... 140, 175
Verify command .................................................................. 214
Visual
configuring ..................................................................... 184
Set 184
Visual and 700/9x ................................................................ 226
Visual command .................................................. 215, 247, 254
Visual error messages .......................................................... 226
Visual mode ........................................................................... 52
saving function keys ...................................................... 191
startup ............................................................................... 10
VV cut-and-paste (divide) ............................................. 19, 188
W
wall time .............................................................................. 179
warning messages ................................................................ 223
warnings .............................................................................. 195
what you see is what you get ............................................... 175
Whichcomp
Set 195
wide lines ............................................................................. 209
Wide-Jumbo
create .............................................................................. 147
Wide-Jumbo files ................................................................ 247
Widen
Set Visual option ............................................................ 193
width of display memory ....................................................... 55
width, display in Visual ....................................................... 216
window .......................................................................... 85, 249
definition of .................................................................... 254
Window
Set 196
Window error ...................................................................... 225
windows and Change ............................................................ 85
Withindent
Justify ............................................................................. 115
word processing .................................................................. 110
words
move by ............................................................................ 29
Words command ................................................................. 217
wordwrap
Visual ............................................................................. 194
Work
Set 147, 196
workfile ............................................................................... 147
definition of .................................................................... 255
temporary ......................................................................... 74
workfile format .................................................................... 229
Wraparound
Set 75, 198
write access
deferred .......................................................................... 176
X
X
Set 171, 198
Set Global ...................................................................... 200
Set Local ........................................................................ 200
X.25 networks ..................................................................... 225
XX cut-and-paste (exclude) .................................................. 19
XX, Visual ........................................................................... 194
Z
Zave command .................................................................... 218
Zip
Set 202
ZZ command ....................................................................... 219
ZZ cut-and-paste (mark) ....................................................... 21
