Uni Pier Specification 1 4228 Unipier Manual
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UNI-PIER® Uni-Pier® construction data for single-storey buildings 65 x 65 x 2.0 mm (G350) and 75 x 75 x 2.5 mm (G350) Wind regions Data is given for seven wind regions in five groups. Throughout the document we have used the notation in AS 4055—1992, as follows. AS 4055 Equivalent to: N1 N2 N3 N4 & C1 N5 & C2 W28N permissible W34N limit state W33N permissible W40N limit state W41N permissible W50N limit state W50N & W41C permissible W61N & W50C limit state W60N & W50C permissible W74N & W61C limit state Notes * All brickwork must be supported on concrete footings. * Interpolation within tables is allowed. Design Loads Dead load of floor: 0.5 kPa Live load of floor: 1.5 kPa (for internal areas) Live load of floor: 3.0 kPa (for external areas, verandahs). Both tile and sheet roofs are considered. Live load on roof: 0.25 kPa Stud wall with plasterboard is considered. * Maximum height of the wall is 3.0 m. * From ground to the highest point of the roof should not exceed 5.5 m. Roof pitch should not exceed 35º. No bracing implies brick veneer type of construction. Bracing implies clad type of construction. Capacity (Pages 2—5) Connections (Pages 6—7) Except for the verandah (pier location 3), the capacity tables are based on the piers being equispaced in both directions. (Grid spacing X = Grid spacing Y) The tables give the fixing required for: • • • Uni-Pier head to post; Uni-Pier fin plate to bearer; Uni-Pier to footing. To obtain the required number of fasteners for your job: To obtain the maximum pier load area (m2) for your job: 1.Choose a pier location from the Pier location box below. 1.Choose a pier location from the Pier location box below. 2.Use the chosen pier location number, roof width and grid spacing in the connection table on Pages 6 & 7. 2.Choose a Capacity table (Page 2 or 4). 3.In the chosen table: Bracing (Pages 8—9) •Select the chosen pier location number; • Choose from timber or rectangular hollow (RHS) steel section bearers; or C–section steel bearers. Bracing is fixed between Uni-Piers to resist the forces resulting from wind blowing on the walls and roof. 4. Find the maximum pier load area (m2) by selecting: 4.1 Roof width (fascia to fascia, see sketch at right); 4.2 Maximum pier height; 4.3 Sheet or tile roofing; 4.4 Braced or not-braced piers. Roof width x 5 5 5 5 4 2 2 5 Pier locations Load area for piers (m2) y This document provides construction data needed to use LYSAGHT Uni-Piers in single storey buildings. Uni-Piers are available in two crosssections. 65 x 65 mm is available in lengths from 200 mm to 2800 mm, in 200 mm increments. 75 x 75 mm is available in lengths from 200 mm to 4000 mm, also in 200 mm increments. ROOF LINE 4 2 2 5 1 1 1 1 = Verandah internal floor loads, roof and wall = Internal flooring only = Verandah external perimeter (2500 mm max.) = End wall of a building (non roof load bearing) = Roof, wall and internal floor loads only Verandah (2500 mm max.) 3 3 3 3 CAPACITY 65 x 65 Bearer type Roof width (m) Max pier height (m) Sheet Tile No No Brace Brace brace brace x2 9.0 12.6 16.2 PIER LOCATION 9.0 12.6 16.2 NA PIER LOCATION NA With verandah roof loading 2.5 PIER LOCATION Pier load areas (m2) Wind region N1 2.5 No verandah roof loading NA NA Pier load area (m2) Wind region N2 Sheet Tile Pier load area (m2) Wind region N3 Sheet Tile Pier load area (m2) Wind region N4 & C1 Sheet Tile Pier load area (m2) Wind region N5 & C2 Sheet Tile No No Brace Brace brace brace No No Brace Brace brace brace No No Brace Brace brace brace No No Brace Brace brace brace 0.6 29.1 24.0 29.1 29.1 24.0 24.0 29.1 22.1 24.0 17.6 29.1 13.7 24.0 11.6 24.0 8.4 19.4 7.3 1.3 24.0 19.3 24.0 27.0 19.4 19.4 24.0 16.8 19.3 13.7 24.0 10.2 18.5 8.4 18.5 6.3 14.4 5.3 2.0 16.0 12.2 16.0 16.8 12.2 12.2 16.0 10.2 12.2 8.4 16.0 6.2 13.0 4.8 11.6 3.6 9.0 3.2 2.8 9.0 6.8 9.0 8.4 6.8 6.2 9.0 4.8 6.8 4.0 8.4 2.9 6.2 2.2 5.3 1.7 4.4 1.4 3.6 4.8 3.2 4.8 4.0 3.2 2.9 4.8 2.6 3.2 2.0 4.0 1.4 2.9 1.0 2.6 0.8 2.0 0.6 0.6 26.0 19.4 26.0 29.2 19.4 20.2 26.0 18.5 19.4 13.7 20.2 9.0 18.5 9.0 16.8 6.8 13.0 5.3 1.3 21.2 16.0 21.2 22.1 16.0 16.0 21.2 13.7 16.0 10.2 15.2 6.8 14.4 6.8 13.0 4.8 9.6 4.0 2.0 13.7 9.6 13.7 13.7 9.6 9.61 13.7 8.4 9.6 6.2 9.6 4.0 9.0 4.0 7.8 2.9 5.8 2.2 2.8 7.3 5.3 7.3 6.8 5.3 4.4 7.3 4.0 5.3 2.9 4.4 2.0 4.0 1.7 3.6 1.4 2.6 1.0 3.6 4.0 2.6 4.0 3.2 2.6 2.0 4.0 2.0 2.6 1.4 2.0 0.8 2.0 0.8 1.7 0.6 1.2 0.5 0.6 23.0 16.0 23.0 24.0 16.0 16.0 23.0 15.2 16.0 10.9 19.4 9.0 13.7 6.8 12.2 5.3 9.0 4.0 1.3 18.5 13.0 18.5 18.5 13.0 12.2 18.5 11.6 13.0 8.4 15.2 6.8 10.2 5.3 9.0 4.0 6.8 3.2 2.0 12.3 8.4 12.2 11.6 8.4 7.3 12.2 6.7 8.4 4.8 9.0 4.0 6.2 2.9 5.3 2.2 4.0 1.7 2.8 6.3 4.0 6.2 5.3 4.0 3.6 6.2 3.2 4.0 2.2 4.4 1.7 2.9 1.4 2.6 1.0 1.7 0.8 3.6 3.2 2.0 3.2 2.6 2.0 1.7 3.2 1.4 2.0 1.0 2.0 0.8 1.2 0.6 1.2 0.5 0.8 0.3 0.6 13.7 10.2 13.7 13.7 10.2 10.2 13.7 9.0 10.2 6.8 14.4 4.8 10.9 4.0 9.6 2.9 7.3 2.6 1.3 11.6 9.0 11.6 11.6 9.0 8.4 11.6 7.3 9.0 5.3 11.6 4.0 8.4 3.2 7.3 2.2 5.8 2.0 2.0 8.4 6.2 8.4 7.8 6.2 5.8 8.4 4.8 6.2 3.6 7.8 2.6 5.8 2.2 5.3 1.7 4.0 1.4 2.8 4.8 3.6 5.3 4.4 3.6 3.2 5.3 2.9 3.6 2.0 4.4 1.4 3.2 1.2 2.9 0.8 2.2 0.6 3.6 2.9 2.2 3.2 2.6 2.2 2.0 3.2 1.4 2.2 1.0 2.6 0.8 1.7 0.6 1.4 0.5 1.2 0.3 0.6 11.5 8.4 11.6 11.6 8.4 7.8 11.6 6.8 8.4 5.3 7.8 3.2 7.3 3.2 6.2 2.2 4.8 2.0 1.3 9.6 6.8 9.6 9.0 6.8 6.2 9.6 5.3 6.8 4.0 6.2 2.6 5.8 2.6 4.8 2.0 3.6 1.4 2.0 7.3 4.8 7.3 6.2 4.8 4.4 7.3 4.0 4.8 2.9 4.0 1.7 4.0 1.7 3.6 1.2 2.6 1.0 2.8 4.0 2.9 4.4 3.6 2.9 2.2 4.4 2.0 2.9 1.4 2.2 1.0 2.0 1.0 2.0 0.6 1.4 0.5 3.6 2.6 1.7 2.6 2.0 1.7 1.2 2.6 1.2 1.7 0.8 1.2 0.5 1.2 0.5 1.0 0.3 0.6 0.2 0.6 10.2 6.8 10.2 9.6 6.8 6.2 10.2 5.8 6.8 4.0 7.3 3.2 4.8 2.6 4.4 1.7 3.2 1.4 1.3 8.4 5.3 8.4 7.3 5.3 4.8 8.4 4.4 5.3 3.2 5.8 2.6 4.0 2.0 3.6 1.4 2.6 1.2 2.0 5.8 4.0 6.2 5.3 4.0 3.2 5.8 3.2 4.0 2.2 4.0 1.7 2.6 1.2 2.2 1.0 1.7 0.8 2.8 3.6 2.2 3.6 2.9 2.2 1.7 3.6 1.7 2.2 1.2 2.2 1.0 1.4 0.6 1.2 0.5 0.8 0.3 3.6 2.0 1.2 2.0 1.4 1.2 1.0 2.0 1.0 1.2 0.6 1.2 0.5 0.8 0.4 0.6 0.2 0.5 0.1 0.6 34.8 32.5 34.8 32.5 34.8 31.4 34.8 31.4 34.8 30.2 34.8 30.2 34.8 32.5 34.8 32.5 34.8 31.4 34.8 31.4 1.3 30.2 28.1 30.3 28.1 30.2 27.0 30.2 27.0 30.2 25.0 30.2 25.0 30.2 28.1 30.2 28.1 30.2 27.0 30.2 27.0 2.0 23.0 21.2 23.0 21.2 23.0 19.4 23.0 19.4 23.0 17.6 23.0 17.6 23.0 21.2 23.0 21.2 23.0 19.4 23.0 19.4 2.8 16.0 13.0 16.0 13.0 16.0 12.2 16.0 12.2 16.0 10.2 16.0 10.2 16.0 13.0 16.0 13.0 16.0 12.2 16.0 12.2 3.6 10.2 10.2 10.2 5.8 10.2 8.4 10.2 10.2 0.6 21.2 18.5 21.2 18.5 21.2 17.6 21.2 17.6 21.2 16.0 21.2 16.0 21.2 18.5 21.2 18.5 21.2 17.6 21.2 17.6 1.3 18.5 16.0 18.5 16.0 18.5 15.2 18.5 15.2 18.5 13.0 18.5 13.0 18.5 16.0 18.5 16.0 18.5 15.2 18.5 15.2 2.0 15.2 13.0 15.2 13.0 15.2 12.2 15.2 12.2 15.2 10.2 15.2 10.2 15.2 13.0 15.2 13.0 15.2 12.2 15.2 12.2 2.8 10.9 9.0 10.9 9.0 10.9 7.8 10.9 7.8 10.9 6.2 10.9 6.2 10.9 9.0 10.9 9.0 10.9 7.8 10.9 7.8 3.6 7.8 5.8 7.8 5.8 7.8 4.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 3.2 7.8 5.8 7.8 4.8 7.8 8.4 10.2 8.4 7.3 10.2 7.3 4.8 3.2 10.2 5.8 5.8 8.4 7.8 7.3 10.2 7.3 4.8 0.6 16.9 15.2 16.9 15.2 16.9 15.2 16.9 15.2 16.9 15.2 1.3 14.5 13.1 14.5 13.1 14.5 13.1 14.5 13.1 14.5 13.1 2.0 11 10 11 10 11 10 11 10 11 10 2.8 7.5 6.7 7.5 6.7 7.5 6.7 7.5 6.7 7.5 6.7 3.6 5 4.5 5 4.5 5 4.5 5 4.5 5 4.5 0.6 10 9 10 9 10 9 10 9 10 9 1.3 8.7 8 8.7 8 8.7 8 8.7 8 8.7 8 2.0 7.2 6.5 7.2 6.5 7.2 6.5 7.2 6.5 7.2 6.5 2.8 5.2 4.7 5.2 4.7 5.2 4.7 5.2 4.7 5.2 4.7 3.6 3.7 3.5 3.7 3.5 3.7 3.5 3.7 3.5 3.7 3.5 0.6 19.7 19.7 19.7 19.7 19.7 1.3 17 17 17 17 17 2.0 13 13 13 13 13 2.8 8.7 8.7 8.7 8.7 8.7 3.6 5.9 5.9 5.9 5.9 5.9 0.6 11.6 11.6 11.6 11.6 11.6 1.3 10.2 10.2 10.2 10.2 10.2 2.0 8.4 6.1 4.5 8.4 6.1 4.5 8.4 6.1 4.5 8.4 6.1 4.5 8.4 6.1 4.5 2.8 3.6 2 Bearer type Sheet Tile Roof Max width pier height No No (m) (m) brace Brace brace Brace 9.0 12.6 16.2 PIER LOCATION 9.0 12.6 16.2 9.0 12.6 16.2 PIER LOCATION 9.0 12.6 16.2 Sheet Tile Sheet Tile Sheet Tile Sheet Tile No No brace Brace brace Brace No No brace Brace brace Brace No No brace Brace brace Brace No No brace Brace brace Brace 0.6 64.0 64.0 64.0 64.0 64.0 64.0 39.7 64.0 39.7 64.0 31.4 64.0 31.4 64.0 20.2 64.0 20.2 1.3 53.3 53.3 51.8 53.3 51.8 53.3 31.4 53.3 31.4 53.3 24.0 53.3 24.0 53.3 15.2 53.3 15.2 2.0 39.7 39.7 34.8 39.7 34.8 39.7 20.2 39.7 20.2 39.7 15.2 39.7 15.2 39.7 9.0 39.7 9.0 2.8 26.0 26.0 18.5 26.0 18.5 26.0 10.2 26.0 10.2 26.0 7.3 26.0 7.3 26.0 4.4 26.0 4.4 3.6 16.8 14.4 16.8 14.4 16.8 9.6 16.8 9.6 16.8 4.8 16.8 4.8 16.8 3.6 16.8 3.6 16.8 2.0 16.8 2.0 0.6 62.4 62.4 57.8 62.4 57.8 62.4 34.8 62.4 34.8 62.4 27.0 62.4 27.0 62.4 16.8 62.4 16.8 1.3 51.8 51.8 46.2 51.8 46.2 51.8 27.0 51.8 27.0 51.8 21.2 51.8 21.2 51.8 13.0 51.8 13.0 2.0 38.4 38.4 30.2 38.4 30.2 38.4 16.8 38.4 16.8 38.4 13.0 38.4 13.0 38.4 7.8 38.4 7.8 2.8 25.0 23.0 25.0 23.0 25.0 16.0 25.0 16.0 25.0 8.4 25.0 8.4 25.0 6.2 25.0 6.2 25.0 3.6 25.0 3.6 3.6 16.0 13.0 16.0 13.0 16.0 8.4 16.0 8.4 16.0 4.4 16.0 4.4 16.0 2.9 16.0 2.9 16.0 1.7 16.0 1.7 0.6 60.8 60.8 54.8 60.8 54.8 60.8 32.5 60.8 32.5 60.8 24.0 60.8 24.0 60.8 15.2 60.8 15.2 1.3 50.4 50.4 43.6 50.4 43.6 50.4 25.0 50.4 25.0 50.4 18.5 50.4 18.5 50.4 11.6 50.4 11.6 2.0 37.2 37.2 28.1 37.2 28.1 37.2 16.0 37.2 16.0 37.2 11.6 37.2 11.6 37.2 6.8 37.2 6.8 2.8 25.0 21.2 25.0 21.2 25.0 14.4 25.0 14.4 25.0 7.8 25.0 7.8 25.0 5.3 25.0 5.3 25.0 3.2 25.0 3.2 3.6 16.0 11.6 16.0 11.6 16.0 7.8 16.0 7.8 16.0 4.0 16.0 4.0 16.0 2.6 16.0 2.6 16.0 1.4 16.0 1.4 0.6 36.0 36.0 29.2 36.0 29.2 36.0 16.8 36.0 16.8 36.0 13.0 36.0 13.0 36.0 7.8 36.0 7.8 1.3 31.4 31.4 24.0 31.4 24.0 31.4 13.7 31.4 13.7 31.4 10.2 31.4 10.2 31.4 6.2 31.4 6.2 2.0 25.0 25.0 17.6 25.0 17.6 25.0 9.6 25.0 9.6 25.0 6.8 25.0 6.8 25.0 4.0 25.0 4.0 2.8 17.6 15.2 17.6 15.2 17.6 10.2 17.6 10.2 17.6 5.3 17.6 5.3 17.6 4.0 17.6 4.0 17.6 2.2 17.6 2.2 3.6 13.0 13.0 6.2 13.0 6.2 13.0 2.9 13.0 2.9 13.0 2.2 13.0 2.2 13.0 1.2 13.0 1.2 9.6 13.0 9.6 0.6 34.8 34.8 26.0 34.8 26.0 34.8 14.4 34.8 14.4 34.8 10.2 34.8 10.2 34.8 6.2 34.8 6.2 1.3 30.2 30.2 21.2 30.2 21.2 30.2 11.6 30.2 11.6 30.2 8.4 30.2 8.4 30.2 4.8 30.2 4.8 2.0 25.0 22.1 25.0 22.1 25.0 15.2 25.0 15.2 25.0 7.8 25.0 7.8 25.0 5.8 25.0 5.8 25.0 3.2 25.0 3.2 2.8 16.8 13.7 16.8 13.7 16.8 9.0 16.8 9.0 16.8 4.4 16.8 4.4 16.8 3.2 16.8 3.2 16.8 2.0 16.8 2.0 3.6 11.6 11.6 5.3 11.6 5.3 11.6 2.6 11.6 2.6 11.6 2.0 11.6 2.0 11.6 1.0 11.6 1.0 33.6 9.6 33.6 9.6 33.6 5.3 33.6 5.3 7.8 11.6 7.8 0.6 33.6 33.6 24.0 33.6 24.0 33.6 13.0 33.6 13.0 1.3 29.2 28.1 29.2 28.1 29.2 19.4 29.2 19.4 29.2 10.2 29.2 10.2 29.2 7.3 29.2 7.3 29.2 4.4 29.2 4.4 2.0 24.0 20.2 24.0 20.2 24.0 13.7 24.0 13.7 24.0 7.3 24.0 7.3 24.0 5.3 24.0 5.3 24.0 2.9 24.0 2.9 2.8 16.8 12.2 16.8 12.2 16.8 8.4 16.8 8.4 16.8 4.0 16.8 4.0 16.8 2.9 16.8 2.9 16.8 1.7 16.8 1.7 3.6 11.6 11.6 4.8 11.6 4.8 11.6 2.2 11.6 2.2 11.6 1.4 11.6 1.4 11.6 0.8 11.6 0.8 0.6 49.0 49.0 38.4 37.2 49.0 39.7 38.4 30.2 49.0 26.0 38.4 20.2 41.0 16.0 31.4 13.0 28.1 12.2 22.1 10.2 1.3 41.0 39.7 32.5 30.2 41.0 31.4 32.5 24.0 42.2 19.4 31.4 16.0 32.5 11.6 25.0 9.6 21.2 9.0 16.8 7.8 2.0 29.2 27.0 22.1 19.4 29.2 20.2 22.1 15.2 28.1 12.2 20.2 9.6 21.2 7.3 16.0 5.8 13.7 5.3 10.2 4.4 2.8 17.6 14.4 13.0 10.2 17.6 10.2 13.0 7.3 15.2 6.2 10.9 4.8 10.9 3.2 7.8 2.9 6.8 2.6 5.3 2.0 3.6 10.9 10.9 5.3 5.8 4.0 1.2 3.2 1.2 2.6 1.0 0.6 43.6 42.2 31.4 29.2 43.6 32.5 31.4 23.0 41.0 20.2 28.1 16.0 1.3 36.0 34.8 26.0 23.0 36.0 26.0 26.0 17.6 2.0 25.0 22.1 17.6 14.4 25.0 16.0 16.8 10.9 2.8 15.2 11.6 9.6 7.3 15.2 8.4 9.6 3.6 9.0 5.3 3.6 8.4 4.8 0.6 37.2 36.0 26.0 23.0 37.2 27.0 26.0 18.5 32.5 16.8 21.2 12.2 1.3 31.4 28.1 20.2 17.6 31.4 21.2 21.2 13.7 2.0 21.2 18.5 13.7 10.9 2.8 12.2 9.6 7.3 5.3 3.6 7.3 4.8 4.0 2.6 0.6 26.0 23.0 19.4 16.0 26.0 16.8 19.4 12.2 24.0 10.2 16.0 7.8 1.3 22.1 18.5 16.0 13.0 22.1 13.7 16.0 10.2 2.0 16.8 13.7 12.2 9.6 17.6 9.6 12.2 7.3 2.8 11.6 8.4 7.8 5.3 11.6 5.8 7.8 3.6 7.8 4.8 4.8 3.2 7.8 4.8 0.6 22.1 18.5 15.2 12.2 22.1 13.7 15.2 9.0 1.3 18.5 15.2 12.2 9.6 2.0 14.4 10.9 9.0 6.8 2.8 9.0 6.8 5.8 3.6 5.8 3.6 7.3 7.8 11.6 7.3 7.3 4.8 7.3 3.6 8.4 2.9 5.3 2.2 1.7 30.2 12.2 21.2 9.6 19.4 9.6 14.4 7.84 32.5 16.0 22.1 11.6 24.0 9.6 16.8 7.3 15.2 7.3 10.9 5.8 21.2 9.6 13.7 7.3 14.4 5.8 10.2 4.4 9.0 4.4 6.8 3.6 5.3 10.9 4.8 6.8 3.2 7.3 2.6 4.8 2.0 4.4 2.0 3.2 1.7 2.6 5.8 3.6 1.7 3.6 1.2 2.6 1.0 2.0 1.0 1.4 0.8 22.1 10.2 15.2 7.3 13.7 7.8 9.6 6.2 25.0 13.0 16.0 9.0 16.8 7.8 11.6 5.8 10.2 6.2 7.3 4.4 22.1 13.7 13.0 8.4 16.0 7.8 9.6 5.3 10.9 4.4 6.8 3.2 6.2 3.6 4.4 2.6 12.2 6.8 6.8 4.0 8.4 4.0 4.8 2.6 5.3 2.0 3.2 1.4 2.9 1.7 2.0 1.2 6.2 3.2 2.0 4.0 1.7 2.2 1.2 2.6 1.0 1.7 0.6 1.4 0.8 1.0 0.6 18.5 6.2 13.7 4.8 11.6 4.4 9.0 3.6 20.2 8.4 13.7 6.2 15.2 4.8 10.9 4.0 9.0 3.6 7.3 2.9 14.4 5.8 10.2 4.4 10.9 3.2 7.8 2.6 6.2 2.2 4.8 2.0 4.0 9.0 3.2 5.8 2.6 6.2 2.0 4.4 1.4 3.6 1.2 2.6 1.0 2.2 5.3 2.0 3.2 1.4 3.6 1.0 2.6 0.8 2.0 0.6 1.4 0.5 17.6 8.4 11.6 5.8 13.0 4.8 8.4 3.6 7.8 3.6 5.3 2.9 18.5 10.9 12.2 7.3 14.4 6.2 9.6 4.8 10.2 3.6 6.8 2.9 5.8 2.9 4.4 2.2 14.4 7.8 9.0 5.3 10.2 4.4 6.8 3.2 7.3 2.6 4.8 2.0 4.0 2.0 2.9 1.4 4.0 9.0 4.4 5.3 2.9 6.2 2.6 4.0 2.0 4.0 1.4 2.6 1.0 2.2 1.0 1.7 0.8 3.2 2.2 5.3 2.6 2.9 1.7 3.6 1.4 2.2 1.0 2.2 0.8 1.4 0.6 1.2 0.5 0.8 0.3 0.6 18.5 15.2 11.6 9.0 19.4 10.9 10.9 7.3 13.0 6.8 8.4 4.4 9.0 3.6 5.8 2.9 5.3 2.9 3.6 2.2 1.3 16.0 12.2 9.6 7.3 16.0 9.0 9.0 5.8 10.9 5.3 6.8 3.6 7.3 2.9 4.8 2.2 4.0 2.2 2.9 1.7 2.0 11.6 9.0 6.8 5.3 11.6 6.2 6.2 4.0 7.3 3.6 4.8 2.6 4.8 2.0 3.2 1.4 2.9 1.4 2.0 1.2 2.8 7.8 5.3 4.0 2.9 6.8 3.6 3.6 2.2 4.4 2.0 2.6 1.2 2.9 1.0 1.7 0.8 1.4 0.8 1.0 0.6 3.6 4.4 2.9 2.2 1.4 4.0 2.0 2.0 1.2 2.6 1.0 1.4 0.8 1.4 0.6 1.0 0.5 0.8 0.5 0.5 0.3 5.8 4.0 3.2 3.2 3 2.2 CAPACITY 75 x 75 Bearer type Roof width (m) Max pier height (m) x 2.5 9.0 12.6 PIER LOCATION 16.2 9.0 12.6 16.2 PIER LOCATION NA 3.6 NA With verandah roof loading 2.5 PIER LOCATION No verandah roof loading 0.6 1.3 2.0 2.8 3.6 0.6 1.3 2.0 2.8 3.6 0.6 1.3 2.0 2.8 3.6 0.6 1.3 2.0 2.8 3.6 0.6 1.3 2.0 2.8 3.6 0.6 1.3 2.0 2.8 3.6 0.6 1.3 2.0 2.8 2.5 NA NA 0.6 1.3 2.0 2.8 3.6 0.6 1.3 2.0 2.8 3.6 0.6 1.3 2.0 2.8 3.6 0.6 1.3 2.0 2.8 3.6 0.6 1.3 2.0 2.8 3.6 Pier centres Wind region N1 Sheet Tile Pier centres Wind region N2 Sheet Tile Pier centres Wind region N3 Sheet Tile Pier centres Wind region N4 & C1 Sheet Tile Pier centres Wind region N5 & C2 Sheet Tile No No brace Brace brace Brace No No brace Brace brace Brace No No brace Brace brace Brace No No brace Brace brace Brace No No brace Brace brace Brace 53.3 44.9 46.2 38.4 34.8 28.1 22.1 17.6 12.3 9.6 9.0 49.0 38.4 41.0 32.5 31.4 24.0 23.0 19.4 18.5 14.4 13.0 10.9 9.0 7.8 6.3 44.9 33.6 31.4 38.4 37.2 28.1 26.0 28.1 25.0 19.4 17.6 17.6 14.4 11.6 9.6 9.6 7.3 6.3 4.8 24.0 19.4 21.2 16.8 16.8 13.7 13.0 11.6 10.9 9.0 8.4 7.3 6.8 5.3 4.8 21.2 16.0 15.2 18.5 17.6 13.7 12.3 15.2 13.7 10.9 9.6 10.2 8.4 7.3 5.8 6.3 4.8 4.4 3.6 19.4 16.0 13.0 10.9 16.0 13.7 11.6 9.6 13.0 10.2 9.0 7.3 9.0 6.8 5.8 4.4 5.3 4.0 3.6 2.6 54.8 51.8 54.8 51.8 49.0 46.2 49.0 46.2 39.7 37.2 39.7 37.2 28.1 26.0 28.1 26.0 19.4 16.8 19.4 16.8 30.3 28.1 30.3 28.1 28.1 26.0 28.1 26.0 24.0 22.1 24.0 22.1 18.5 16.0 18.5 16.0 13.7 11.6 13.7 11.6 26.3 23.7 23.3 21.2 19.0 17.1 13.8 12.5 9.4 8.5 14.9 13.4 13.4 12.1 11.6 10.5 9.0 8.1 6.6 6.1 30.8 27.4 22.3 16.3 11.1 17.3 15.8 13.6 10.5 7.9 53.3 44.9 46.2 38.4 34.8 28.1 27.0 22.1 20.3 17.6 16.0 12.3 10.2 9.6 7.8 49.0 38.4 37.2 41.0 32.5 30.3 31.4 28.1 24.0 21.2 19.4 16.0 14.4 11.6 10.9 7.8 7.8 5.8 44.9 41.0 33.6 29.2 38.4 33.6 28.1 24.0 28.1 23.0 19.4 16.0 17.6 13.0 11.6 9.0 9.6 6.3 6.3 4.4 24.0 23.0 19.4 17.6 21.2 19.4 16.8 15.2 16.8 15.2 13.7 11.6 11.6 9.6 9.0 7.3 7.3 5.3 5.3 4.0 21.2 18.5 16.0 13.0 18.5 15.2 13.7 10.9 15.2 11.6 10.9 8.4 10.2 7.3 7.3 5.3 6.3 4.4 4.4 2.9 19.4 14.4 13.0 10.2 16.0 12.3 11.6 8.4 13.0 9.6 9.0 6.3 9.0 5.8 5.8 4.0 5.3 3.2 3.6 2.3 54.8 50.4 54.8 50.4 49.0 44.9 49.0 44.9 39.7 36.0 39.7 36.0 28.1 25.0 28.1 25.0 19.4 16.0 19.4 16.0 30.3 27.0 30.3 27.0 28.1 25.0 28.1 25.0 24.0 21.2 24.0 21.2 18.5 16.0 18.5 16.0 13.7 10.9 13.7 10.9 26.3 23.7 23.3 21.2 19.0 17.1 13.8 12.5 9.4 8.5 14.9 13.4 13.4 12.1 11.6 10.5 9.0 8.1 6.6 6.1 30.8 27.4 22.3 16.3 11.1 17.3 15.8 13.6 10.5 7.9 53.3 47.6 44.9 38.4 46.2 39.7 38.4 32.5 34.8 27.0 28.1 22.1 22.1 16.0 17.6 12.3 12.2 7.8 9.6 2.3 49.0 39.7 38.4 30.3 41.0 32.5 32.5 25.0 30.3 22.1 24.0 16.8 19.4 12.3 14.4 9.6 10.8 6.3 7.8 4.8 44.9 33.6 32.5 24.0 37.2 27.0 27.0 20.3 28.1 18.5 19.4 13.7 16.8 10.9 11.6 7.3 9.6 4.8 6.3 3.6 25.0 17.6 19.4 14.4 21.2 15.2 16.8 12.3 17.6 11.6 13.7 9.0 11.6 7.29 9.0 5.76 7.3 4.0 5.76 3.2 22.1 14.4 16 10.9 18.5 12.3 13.7 9 15.2 9 10.9 7.3 10.2 5.8 7.3 4.4 6.3 3.2 4.4 2.6 19.4 12.3 13.7 8.4 16.8 10.2 11.6 7.8 13.0 7.8 9 5.3 9.0 4.8 5.76 3.2 5.3 2.6 3.2 2.0 54.8 49.0 54.8 49.0 49.0 43.6 49.0 43.6 39.7 34.8 39.7 34.8 28.1 24.0 28.1 24.0 19.4 14.4 19.4 14.4 30.3 26.0 30.3 26.0 28.1 23.0 28.1 23.0 24.0 19.4 24.0 19.4 18.5 13.7 18.5 13.7 13.7 9.0 13.7 9.0 26.3 23.7 23.3 21.2 19.0 17.1 13.8 12.5 9.4 8.5 14.9 13.4 13.4 12.1 11.6 10.5 9.0 8.1 6.6 6.1 30.8 27.4 22.3 16.3 11.1 17.3 15.8 13.6 10.5 7.9 53.3 30.3 44.9 26.0 46.2 25.0 38.4 21.2 34.8 16.8 28.1 14.4 22.1 9.6 17.6 7.8 12.2 4.4 9.6 3.6 43.6 21.2 38.4 20.3 36.0 16.8 32.5 16.0 25.0 11.6 23.0 10.9 13.7 6.3 13.0 5.8 6.8 2.9 6.3 2.9 42.3 20.3 30.3 16.0 34.8 16.8 24.0 13.0 24.0 10.9 16.8 8.4 13.7 6.3 9.0 4.4 6.8 2.9 4.4 2.3 24.0 10.9 21.2 9.0 21.2 9.0 18.5 7.3 16.8 6.8 13.7 5.8 11.6 4.0 9.0 3.24 7.3 2.3 5.3 2.0 16.0 7.3 14.4 6.8 13.7 5.8 12.3 5.8 10.2 4.4 9.6 4.4 6.3 2.6 5.8 2.6 3.6 1.4 3.2 1.4 15.2 6.8 10.2 5.3 13.0 5.8 9.0 4.4 9.6 4.4 6.8 3.2 6.3 2.6 4.0 2.0 3.6 1.4 2.3 1.2 54.8 46.2 54.8 46.2 49.0 41.0 49.0 41.0 39.7 31.4 39.7 31.4 28.1 21.2 28.1 21.2 19.4 12.3 19.4 12.3 30.3 23.0 30.3 23.0 28.1 20.3 28.1 20.3 24.0 16.8 24.0 16.8 18.5 10.9 18.5 10.9 13.7 6.3 13.7 6.3 26.3 23.7 23.3 21.2 19.0 17.1 13.8 12.5 9.4 8.5 14.9 13.4 13.4 12.1 11.6 10.5 9.0 8.1 6.6 6.1 30.8 27.4 22.3 16.3 11.1 17.3 15.8 13.6 10.5 7.9 51.8 19.4 42.3 16.8 42.3 16.0 34.8 13.7 30.3 10.2 24.0 9.0 16.8 5.8 13.7 4.8 8.4 2.6 6.8 2.3 37.2 16.0 29.2 13.0 30.3 12.3 23.0 10.2 21.2 8.4 16.0 6.8 11.6 4.4 9.0 3.6 5.8 2.3 4.4 1.7 27.0 12.3 20.3 10.2 22.1 9.6 16.8 7.8 15.2 6.3 10.9 5.3 8.4 3.61 6.3 2.9 4.0 1.7 2.9 1.2 19.4 6.3 15.2 5.3 16 5.3 13.0 4.4 12.3 4 9.6 3.6 7.8 2.6 6.3 2.0 4.4 1.4 3.6 1.2 13.7 5.3 10.2 4.0 10.9 4.4 8.4 3.6 8.4 3.2 6.3 2.6 5.3 2.0 4.0 1.4 2.9 1.0 2.3 0.8 9.6 4.0 7.3 3.2 7.8 3.2 5.8 2.6 5.8 2.6 4.4 2.0 3.6 1.4 2.6 1.2 2.0 0.8 1.4 0.6 54.8 43.6 54.8 43.6 49.0 37.2 49.0 37.2 39.7 28.1 39.7 28.1 28.1 17.6 28.1 17.6 19.4 8.4 19.4 8.4 30.3 19.4 30.3 19.4 28.1 16.8 28.1 16.8 24.0 13.0 24.0 13.0 18.5 7.8 18.5 7.8 13.7 2.9 13.7 2.9 26.3 23.7 23.3 21.2 19.0 17.1 13.8 12.5 9.4 8.5 14.9 13.4 13.4 12.1 11.6 10.5 9.0 8.1 6.6 6.1 30.8 27.4 22.3 16.3 11.1 17.3 15.8 13.6 10.5 7.9 4 Bearer type Max Sheet Tile Roof width pier h ight No No Brace (m) e(m B r a c e ) brace brace 9.0 12.6 16.2 PIER LOCATION 9.0 12.6 16.2 12.6 16.2 PIER LOCATION 9.0 12.6 16.2 Tile Sheet Tile Sheet Tile Sheet Tile No Brace No Brace brace brace No Brace No Brace brace brace No Brace No Brace brace brace 0.6 100.0 100.0 100.0 79.2 100.0 79.2 100.0 64.0 100.0 64.0 100.0 43.6 100.0 43.6 1.3 88.4 88.4 88.4 88.4 53.3 88.4 53.3 88.4 34.8 88.4 34.8 2.0 70.6 70.6 70.6 47.6 70.6 47.6 70.6 37.21 70.6 37.2 70.6 24.0 70.6 24.0 2.8 50.4 50.4 47.6 50.4 47.6 50.4 29.2 50.4 29.2 50.4 22.1 50.4 22.1 50.4 13.7 50.4 13.7 3.6 33.6 33.6 27.0 33.6 27.0 33.6 15.2 33.6 15.2 33.6 10.9 33.6 10.9 33.6 0.6 98.0 98.0 98.0 70.6 98.0 70.6 98.0 56.2 98.0 56.2 98.0 37.2 98.0 37.2 1.3 86.5 86.5 86.5 59.3 86.5 59.3 86.5 46.2 86.5 46.2 86.5 30.2 86.5 30.2 2.0 68.9 68.9 68.9 42.2 68.9 42.2 68.9 32.5 68.9 32.5 68.9 20.2 68.9 20.2 2.8 49.0 49.0 42.2 49.0 42.2 49.0 25.0 49.0 25.0 49.0 18.5 49.0 18.5 49.0 11.6 49.0 11.6 3.6 32.5 32.5 23.0 32.5 23.0 32.5 13.0 32.5 13.0 32.5 32.5 0.6 96.0 96.0 96.0 65.6 96.0 65.6 96.0 50.4 96.0 50.4 1.3 84.6 84.6 84.6 54.8 84.6 54.8 84.6 42.2 84.6 42.2 84.6 27.0 84.6 27.0 2.0 67.2 67.2 64.0 67.2 64.0 67.2 38.4 67.2 38.4 67.2 29.2 67.2 29.2 67.2 18.5 67.2 18.5 2.8 47.6 47.6 39.7 47.6 39.7 47.6 23.0 47.6 23.0 47.6 16.8 47.6 16.8 47.6 10.2 47.6 10.2 3.6 31.4 30.2 31.4 30.2 31.4 21.2 31.4 21.2 31.4 11.6 31.4 11.6 31.4 0.6 54.8 54.8 53.3 54.8 53.3 54.8 32.5 54.8 32.5 54.8 25.0 54.8 25.0 54.8 16.0 54.8 16.0 1.3 49.0 49.0 46.2 49.0 46.2 49.0 27.0 49.0 27.0 49.0 21.2 49.0 21.2 49.0 13.0 49.0 13.0 2.0 42.2 42.2 37.2 42.2 37.2 42.2 22.1 42.2 22.1 42.2 16.0 42.2 16.0 42.2 10.2 42.2 10.2 2.8 31.3 31.3 25.0 31.3 25.0 31.3 13.7 31.3 13.7 31.3 10.2 31.3 10.2 31.3 6.2 31.3 6.2 3.6 23.0 22.1 23.0 22.1 23.0 15.2 23.0 15.2 23.0 8.4 23.0 23.0 3.6 23.0 3.6 0.6 53.3 53.3 47.6 53.3 47.6 53.3 28.1 53.3 28.1 53.3 21.2 53.3 21.2 53.3 13.0 53.3 13.0 1.3 47.6 47.6 41.0 47.6 41.0 47.6 24.0 47.6 24.0 47.6 17.6 47.6 17.6 47.6 10.9 47.6 10.9 2.0 41.0 41.0 32.5 41.0 32.5 41.0 18.5 41.0 18.5 41.0 13.7 41.0 13.7 41.0 8.4 41.0 2.8 31.4 30.2 31.4 30.2 31.4 22.1 31.4 22.1 31.4 11.6 31.4 11.6 31.4 8.4 31.4 8.4 31.4 5.3 31.4 5.3 3.6 22.1 19.4 22.1 19.4 22.1 13.7 22.1 13.7 22.1 6.8 22.1 4.8 22.1 4.8 22.1 2.9 22.1 2.9 0.6 51.8 51.8 43.6 51.8 43.6 51.8 26.0 51.8 26.0 51.8 18.5 51.8 18.5 51.8 11.6 51.8 11.6 1.3 46.2 46.2 38.4 46.2 38.4 46.2 22.1 46.2 22.1 46.2 16.0 46.2 16.0 46.2 9.6 46.2 9.6 2.0 39.7 39.7 30.2 39.7 30.2 39.7 16.8 39.7 16.8 39.7 12.2 39.7 12.2 39.7 7.3 39.7 7.3 2.8 30.2 28.1 30.2 28.1 30.2 20.2 30.2 20.2 30.2 10.9 30.2 10.9 30.2 7.8 30.2 7.8 30.2 4.4 30.2 4.4 3.6 21.2 18.5 21.2 18.5 21.2 12.2 21.2 12.2 21.2 6.2 21.2 4.4 21.2 4.4 21.2 2.6 21.2 2.6 81.0 67.2 88.4 67.2 23.0 8.4 22.1 6.8 21.2 6.2 9.6 8.4 5.8 32.5 31.4 23.0 9.6 8.4 5.8 6.8 5.8 33.6 32.5 6.8 5.8 96.0 32.5 96.0 32.5 31.4 4.8 31.4 4.8 8.4 68.9 67.2 81.0 75.7 67.2 60.8 81.0 51.8 67.2 42.2 79.2 33.6 64.0 28.1 56.2 27.0 46.2 23.0 1.3 72.2 70.6 59.3 59.3 70.6 64.0 59.3 51.8 72.2 43.6 59.3 36.0 67.2 28.0 53.3 23.0 47.6 22.1 38.4 18.5 2.0 56.2 56.2 44.8 44.8 56.2 47.6 44.9 37.2 56.2 31.4 47.6 25.0 49.0 19.4 38.4 16.0 33.6 14.4 27.0 12.2 2.8 38.4 37.2 30.2 27.0 38.4 29.2 30.2 22.1 38.4 17.6 29.1 14.4 30.2 10.9 23.0 9.0 20.2 8.4 16.0 6.8 3.6 24.0 21.2 17.6 14.4 16.0 4.4 10.2 4.0 7.8 3.2 0.6 9.0 Sheet No Brace No Brace brace brace 24.0 16.0 18.5 11.6 22.1 9.0 0.6 74.0 57.8 57.8 74.0 65.6 56.2 49.0 74.0 43.6 56.2 33.6 60.8 27.0 44.9 22.1 41.0 22.1 31.4 17.6 1.3 64.0 49.0 49.0 64.0 54.8 49.0 41.0 64.0 36.0 49.0 28.1 50.4 22.1 37.2 17.6 33.6 17.6 26.0 14.4 2.0 49.0 37.2 36.0 49.0 39.7 37.2 28.1 49.0 25.0 34.8 19.4 36.0 15.2 26.0 12.2 24.0 12.2 17.6 2.8 33.6 31.4 24.0 21.2 33.6 24.0 24.0 16.8 30.2 14.4 20.2 10.9 21.2 8.4 15.2 6.8 13.7 6.8 10.2 5.3 3.6 20.2 17.6 13.7 10.9 20.2 12.2 13.7 8.4 16.0 7.3 10.9 4.0 7.8 3.2 6.8 3.2 4.8 2.6 0.6 67.2 65.6 49.0 49.0 65.6 56.2 49.0 38.4 64.0 37.2 43.6 27.0 46.2 22.1 32.5 16.8 30.2 18.5 22.1 14.4 1.3 57.8 57.8 41.0 41.0 57.8 46.2 41.0 32.5 53.3 30.2 36.0 22.1 38.4 18.5 27.0 13.7 25.0 15.2 18.5 11.6 2.0 43.6 43.6 30.2 28.1 43.6 33.6 30.2 22.1 38.4 21.2 26.0 14.4 27.0 12.2 18.5 9.6 16.8 10.2 12.2 2.8 29.2 26.0 19.4 16.0 29.2 19.4 19.4 13.0 23.0 11.6 14.4 8.4 16.0 6.8 10.2 5.3 9.6 5.3 6.8 4.0 3.6 17.6 13.7 10.9 8.4 17.64 10.2 10.2 6.2 12.2 5.8 7.8 3.2 5.3 2.6 4.4 2.6 3.2 2.0 0.6 42.2 41.0 32.5 30.2 41.0 32.5 32.5 25.0 41.0 20.2 32.5 16.0 33.6 12.2 26.0 10.2 22.1 9.6 17.6 7.8 1.3 37.2 36.0 29.2 26.0 37.2 27.0 29.2 21.2 36.0 16.8 28.1 13.7 29.2 10.2 22.1 8.4 19.4 7.8 14.4 6.8 2.0 31.4 29.2 24.0 21.2 31.4 22.1 24.0 16.0 30.2 13.0 22.1 10.2 23.0 7.8 17.6 6.8 15.2 5.8 11.6 4.8 2.8 23.0 19.4 16.8 13.7 23.0 14.4 16.8 10.2 20.2 8.4 14.4 6.8 15.2 4.8 11.6 4.0 9.6 3.6 7.3 2.9 3.6 16.0 12.2 10.9 8.4 16.0 6.3 13.0 4.8 9.0 4.0 9.7 2.9 6.8 2.2 5.8 2.0 4.0 1.7 0.6 36.0 34.8 26.0 24.0 36.0 26.0 26.0 18.5 33.6 16.0 23.0 12.2 25.0 9.6 17.6 7.8 15.2 7.8 11.6 6.2 1.3 32.5 30.2 23.0 20.2 32.5 23.0 23.0 16.0 29.2 13.7 19.4 10.2 21.2 8.4 14.4 6.2 13.0 6.2 9.6 5.3 2.0 27.0 24.0 18.5 16.0 27.0 17.6 18.5 12.2 23.0 10.9 15.2 7.8 16.8 6.2 11.6 4.8 10.2 4.8 7.3 4.0 2.8 19.4 16.0 13.0 10.2 19.4 11.6 13.0 7.8 15.2 6.8 9.6 4.8 10.9 4.0 7.3 2.9 6.2 2.9 4.4 2.2 3.6 13.0 9.6 13.0 4.4 9.0 4.0 5.8 2.9 6.2 2.2 4.4 1.7 3.6 1.7 2.6 1.2 0.6 31.4 29.2 21.2 18.5 32.5 22.1 21.2 14.4 26.0 13.7 16.8 9.6 17.6 7.8 12.2 5.8 10.9 6.2 7.8 4.8 1.3 28.1 25.0 18.5 16.0 28.1 18.5 18.5 12.2 22.1 11.6 13.7 7.8 15.2 6.8 10.2 4.8 9.0 5.3 6.2 4.0 2.0 23.0 20.2 14.4 12.2 23.0 14.4 14.4 9.0 17.6 9.0 10.9 6.2 11.6 4.8 7.8 3.6 6.8 4.0 4.8 2.9 2.8 16.0 13.0 9.6 7.8 16.0 9.0 9.6 5.8 11.6 5.3 6.8 3.6 7.3 3.2 4.8 2.2 4.4 2.2 2.9 1.7 3.6 10.9 7.8 4.4 10.2 5.3 5.3 3.2 6.8 3.2 4.0 1.9 4.4 1.7 2.9 1.2 2.2 1.4 1.7 1.0 8.4 6.2 6.2 9.0 6.8 10.9 7.8 5 16.0 7.3 10.9 5.3 7.3 4.0 5.3 11.6 9.6 7.8 6 PIER LOCATION PIER LOCATION PIER LOCATION PIER LOCATION PIER LOCATION S = Screws B = Bolts 16.2 12.6 9.0 NA NA NA 16.2 12.6 9.0 Roof width (m) 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 3 3 2 4 4 8 4 6 8 8 2.5x2.5 1.5x1.5 2.5x2.5 5.5x5.5 14 6 1.5x1.5 4.5x4.5 10 4 4.5x4.5 5.5x5.5 12 6 3.5x3.5 4.5x4.5 10 4 2.5x2.5 5.5x5.5 10 2 1.5x1.5 1.5x1.5 2.5x2.5 4.5x4.5 12 5.5x5.5 16 3.5x3.5 3.5x3.5 3.5x3.5 2 2 4 2.5x2.5 8 2 2 1.5x1.5 5.5x5.5 3 5.5x5.5 16 2 2 4.5x4.5 12 6 2 8 3.5x3.5 4.5x4.5 2 4 2.5x2.5 2 2 4 1.5x1.5 4 4 - 5.5x5.5 3.5x3.5 4 2 8 2.5x2.5 4.5x4.5 16 2 6 1.5x1.5 3 4 5.5x5.5 20 3.5x3.5 12 3 2 8 2.5x2.5 4.5x4.5 16 2 4 1.5x1.5 3 4 5.5x5.5 18 3.5x3.5 12 3 4.5x4.5 14 2 8 2.5x2.5 2 2 4 1.5x1.5 3.5x3.5 10 B No brace 16 14 10 8 4 14 12 8 6 4 14 10 8 6 4 10 8 6 4 2 8 6 4 4 2 16 12 8 4 4 - 16 12 8 6 20 16 12 8 4 18 14 10 8 4 S 3 3 2 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 4 4 3 2 2 4 3 3 2 2 4 3 2 2 2 B Brace Sheet 20 16 12 8 4 18 12 10 6 4 16 12 8 6 4 10 8 4 4 2 8 6 4 4 2 16 12 8 4 4 - 20 16 10 6 - 18 14 10 6 - 16 12 8 6 S 4 3 3 2 2 4 3 2 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 6 4 3 2 2 6 4 3 2 2 4 3 3 2 2 B No brace S 8 - 18 14 10 6 18 14 12 8 6 16 12 10 6 4 10 8 6 4 2 8 6 4 4 2 16 12 8 4 4 - 20 16 10 6 - 18 14 10 6 - 16 12 4 4 3 2 2 4 3 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 6 4 3 2 2 6 4 3 2 2 4 3 3 2 2 B Brace 6 Tile Number of fasteners Wind region N1 S Grid Spacings (mxm) 16 12 8 6 4 14 10 8 6 4 12 10 6 4 4 10 8 4 4 2 8 6 4 4 2 16 12 8 4 4 - 16 12 8 6 20 16 12 8 4 18 14 10 8 4 S 3 3 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 4 4 3 2 2 4 3 3 2 2 4 3 2 2 2 B No brace 20 16 12 8 6 18 14 10 8 4 16 12 10 6 4 12 10 8 6 4 8 6 4 4 2 16 12 8 4 4 - 16 12 10 6 20 16 12 8 6 18 14 10 8 4 S 4 3 3 2 2 4 3 2 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 4 4 3 2 2 4 3 3 2 2 4 3 2 2 2 B Brace Sheet 20 16 12 8 6 18 14 10 8 4 16 12 8 6 4 10 8 4 4 2 8 6 4 4 2 16 12 8 4 4 - 20 16 10 6 - 18 14 10 6 - 16 12 8 6 S 4 3 3 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 6 4 3 2 2 6 4 3 2 2 4 3 3 2 2 B No brace 8 6 S - 20 14 10 6 - 16 12 10 6 18 14 12 8 6 12 10 8 6 4 8 6 4 4 2 16 12 8 4 4 - 20 16 12 8 - 18 14 10 6 - 16 5 4 3 2 2 4 4 3 2 2 4 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 6 4 3 3 2 6 4 3 2 2 4 3 3 2 2 B Brace 12 Tile Number of fasteners Wind region N2 18 14 10 8 4 16 12 10 6 4 12 10 8 6 4 10 8 4 4 2 8 6 4 4 2 16 12 8 4 4 - 16 12 8 6 20 16 12 8 4 18 14 10 8 4 S 4 3 2 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 4 4 3 2 2 4 3 3 2 2 4 3 2 2 2 B No brace - 20 16 10 6 - 18 14 10 6 20 16 12 8 6 18 14 10 8 4 8 6 4 4 2 16 12 8 6 4 - - 16 12 8 - 20 14 10 6 - 18 14 10 6 S 6 4 3 2 2 6 4 3 2 2 4 3 3 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 5 4 3 3 2 6 4 3 2 2 4 4 3 2 2 B Brace Sheet - 18 14 10 6 18 16 12 8 6 16 12 10 6 4 10 8 4 4 2 8 6 4 4 2 16 12 8 4 4 - 20 16 10 6 - 18 14 10 6 - 16 12 8 6 S 5 4 3 2 2 4 3 3 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 6 4 3 2 2 6 4 3 2 2 4 3 3 2 2 B No brace - - 18 14 8 - - 16 12 8 - 18 14 10 6 18 14 10 8 4 8 6 4 4 2 16 12 8 6 4 - - 20 14 8 - - 18 12 8 - 20 16 10 6 6 6 4 3 2 6 4 3 2 2 4 4 3 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 6 5 4 3 2 6 5 4 3 2 5 4 3 2 2 B Brace S Tile Number of fasteners Wind region N3 - 18 14 10 6 18 14 12 8 4 16 12 10 6 4 10 8 4 4 2 8 6 4 4 2 16 12 8 4 4 - 18 14 10 6 - 18 14 10 6 18 14 10 8 4 S 4 4 3 2 2 4 3 2 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 5 4 3 2 2 5 4 3 2 2 4 3 2 2 2 B No brace - - 20 14 8 - - 18 12 8 - - 16 12 8 20 14 12 10 6 8 6 4 4 2 16 12 8 6 6 - - - 16 10 - - - 16 10 - - 18 12 8 S - 5 4 3 2 6 5 4 3 2 5 4 3 3 2 4 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 - 6 4 3 2 - 5 4 3 2 6 5 4 3 2 B Brace Sheet - - 16 12 8 - 18 14 10 6 18 14 10 8 4 10 8 4 4 2 8 6 4 4 2 16 12 8 4 4 - - 18 12 8 - 20 14 10 6 - 16 12 8 6 S 5 4 3 3 2 5 4 3 2 2 4 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 6 5 4 3 2 5 4 3 2 2 4 3 3 2 2 B No brace S - - - 16 10 - - 16 20 14 - - 18 12 8 20 14 12 10 6 8 6 4 4 2 16 12 8 6 6 - - - 18 10 - - - 16 10 - - 20 14 - 6 5 3 2 - 5 4 3 2 6 5 4 3 2 4 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 - 6 5 4 2 - 6 4 3 2 6 5 4 3 2 B Brace 8 Tile Number of fasteners Wind region N4 & C1 - - 18 12 8 - 18 14 10 6 20 16 12 8 6 10 8 4 4 2 8 6 4 4 2 16 12 8 4 4 - - 18 14 8 - 20 16 12 6 20 16 12 10 6 S 6 5 3 3 2 5 4 3 2 2 4 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 6 5 4 3 2 5 4 3 2 2 4 3 3 2 2 B No brace - - - 16 10 - - 20 14 10 - - 18 14 8 - - 16 12 6 8 6 4 4 2 16 12 10 8 6 - - - 20 12 - - - 18 10 - - - 16 10 S - 6 5 3 2 - 5 4 3 2 6 5 4 3 2 5 4 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 - - 6 4 3 - 6 5 4 2 - 6 5 3 2 B Brace Sheet - - 20 14 8 - - 16 12 8 - 18 14 10 6 10 8 4 4 2 8 6 4 4 2 16 12 8 4 4 - - - 16 10 - - 18 12 8 20 18 14 10 6 S - 5 4 3 2 5 4 4 3 2 4 4 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 - 6 5 3 2 6 5 4 3 2 5 4 3 2 2 B No brace - - - 18 12 - - - 16 10 - - 20 14 10 - - 16 12 6 8 6 4 4 2 16 12 10 8 6 - - - - 14 - - - 20 12 - - - 18 10 - - 5 4 2 - 6 5 3 2 - 5 4 3 2 5 4 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 - - 6 5 3 - - 6 4 3 - 6 5 4 2 B Brace S Tile Number of fasteners Wind region N5 & C2 Connections for 65x65x2 Uni-Pier & 75x75x2.5 Uni-Pier Head to post connections. See drawings on next page. Connections details Edge distances 20 mm minimum Head to post fasteners Screws: Metal Teks, 14–20 x 22 to AS 3566 Class 4 Bolts: M12 x 100 mm galvanised mild steel. Number of fasteners specified on Pages 6 and 7. Fin plate Head Minimum 100 mm overlap Engagement 100 mm minimum Fin plate to bearer fasteners Screws for timber bearers: Type 17, 14–10 x 65 to AS 3566 Class 4 Screws for steel bearers: Metal Teks, 14–20 x 22 to AS 3566 Class 4 Bolts: M12 galvanised mild steel (75 x 75 x 2.5 mm Uni-Pier shown) For pier locations and , in wind regions N3, N4, N5, C1 and C2 the number of fasteners is specified on Page 6. (65 x 65 x 2 mm Uni-Pier shown) Post For all other situations use 2 screws or 2 bolts. Base Plate to footing connection Ground level 100 Concrete fill Embedment 85 mm minimum Bottom of UNI-PIER Embedment 300 mm minimum Two (M10) galvanised masonry anchors or two 12mm diameter x 125 mm Cover 150 Bottom of concrete Wind regions N1, N2 and N3 Wind regions N4, N5, C1, C2 (Uni-Pier to be cast in concrete) Footing must be designed by a geotechnical engineer 7 7 Fin plate to bearer connections (For other pier locations, other wind regions and fixing details see Page 10) Sheet Roof width (m) 9.0 PIER LOCATIONS & 12.6 16.2 Tile Roof width (m) 9.0 PIER LOCATIONS & 12.6 16.2 Pier centres (mxm) 1.5x1.5 2.5x2.5 3.5x3.5 4.5x4.5 5.5x5.5 1.5x1.5 2.5x2.5 3.5x3.5 4.5x4.5 5.5x5.5 1.5x1.5 2.5x2.5 3.5x3.5 4.5x4.5 5.5x5.5 Pier centres (mxm) 1.5x1.5 2.5x2.5 3.5x3.5 4.5x4.5 5.5x5.5 1.5x1.5 2.5x2.5 3.5x3.5 4.5x4.5 5.5x5.5 1.5x1.5 2.5x2.5 3.5x3.5 4.5x4.5 5.5x5.5 Number of fasteners Fin plate to bearer Sheet roof Wind region N3 Screws 2 2 2 3 3 2 3 3 4 5 2 3 4 5 6 Bolts 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 3 3 3 Number of fasteners Fin plate to bearer Tile roof Wind region N3 Screws 2 3 4 5 6 3 4 6 7 8 3 5 7 9 11 Bolts 2 2 2 3 3 2 3 3 4 5 2 3 4 5 6 Number of fasteners Fin plate to bearer Tile roof Wind region N4 & C1 Number of fasteners Fin plate to bearer, Sheet roof Wind region N5 & C2 Screws 3 5 7 9 10 4 7 9 12 14 5 9 12 15 18 Bolts 2 3 4 5 6 3 4 5 7 8 3 5 7 8 10 Number of fasteners Fin plate to bearer, Tile roof Wind region N5 & C2 Screws Bolts Screws Bolts Screws Bolts 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Notes on fasteners Head to post fasteners Screws: Metal Teks, 14—20 x 22 to AS 3566 Class 4 Bolts: M12 x 100mm galvanised mild steel Fin plate to bearer fasteners Screws for timber bearers: Type 17, 14—10 x 65 to AS 3566 Class 4 Screws for steel bearers: Metal Teks, 14—20 x 22 to AS 3566 Class 4 Bolts: M12 galvanised mild steel 8 8 Number of fasteners Fin plate to bearer Sheet roof Wind region N4 & C1 Bracing See drawings on Page 10 Bracing must be used in both directions and (drawing below), and each is designed separately. Angle bracing (50 x 50 x 2.5mm DURAGAL or equivalent) has greater bracing capacity than strap bracing, and is recommended. Strap bracing 51 x 1.6 mm may be used. It must be tightened using tensioners (drawing on Page 11). Both types of bracing are typically fixed to Uni-Piers with two screws at each end, no more than 20 mm from the top or bottom of the Uni-Pier (Page 11). Where the braces cross, fix with one screw. It is important to remember that bracing seen on Elevation resists wind loads from Direction , and viceversa (drawing below). Find areas Calculate Area and Area (drawing at left). If a house is L–shaped, divide it into two separate blocks and calculate the wind loading on each block. the total bracing Calculate capacity required For Area , and then for Area , use the formulas appropriate to the wind region of the job (tables & below). Determine the capacity of bracing-sets that match the height and spacing of your piers For Area and then for Area , get the values from the Capacity table on Page 9. If the pier heights or pier spacings are not the same throughout the job, you will need to determine more capacities (see examples on Page 9). ELEVATION Area is shaded 3 bracing sets shown 왔 Determine the number of bracing sets required For Area and then for Area , divide the capacities obtained in Step 3, into the total bracing required (from Step 2). Always round a fractional answer up to the nearest whole value. 왗 ELEVATION Area is shaded 2 bracing sets shown PLAN Formulas to calculate total bracing capacity required (in kN) Table Table Reduction factors (Ka) Wind regions Formulas N1 N2 Area x Ka x 1.2 Area x Ka x 0.858 Area x Ka x 1.63 Area x Ka x 1.17 Area or Ka 10 m2 15 m 2 2 20 m 2 25 m N3 N4 & C1 N5 & C2 Area x Ka x 2.56 Area x Ka x 1.83 Area x Ka x 3.81 Area x Ka x 2.72 Area x Ka x 5.61 Area x Ka x 4.01 30 m 2 35 m 2 2 40 m 45 m 2 50 m 2 2 55 m Area or Ka 60 m2 1.0 0.966 0.933 0.913 0.893 0.887 0.88 0.874 0.867 0.86 0.853 65 m 2 0.84 70 m 2 0.84 75 m 2 0.833 80 m 2 0.827 85 m 2 0.82 90 m 2 0.813 95 m 2 0.807 100 m 2 0.8 200 m 2 0.8 9 9 Capacity of one pair of braces (kN) Pier spacing (mm) 600 900 27.4 Angle braces Pier heights (mm) Strap braces Pier heights (mm) 900 1200 1500 1800 2100 2400 2700 3000 3300 3600 600 900 1200 1500 1800 2100 2400 2700 3000 3300 3600 23.4 19.8 17 14.8 13 11.6 10.4 9.4 8.6 8 13.7 11.7 9.9 8.5 7.4 6.5 5.8 5.2 4.7 4.3 4 1200 1500 1800 28.4 30.6 31.4 26.4 28.2 29.4 23.4 25.8 27.4 20.6 23.4 25.4 18.4 21.2 23.4 16.4 19.2 21.4 14.8 17.4 19.8 13.4 16 18.2 12.2 14.8 17 11.2 13.6 15.8 10.4 12.8 14.8 14.7 15.3 15.7 13.2 14.1 14.7 11.7 12.9 13.7 10.3 11.7 12.7 9.2 10.6 11.7 8.2 9.6 10.7 7.4 8.7 9.9 6.7 8 9.1 6.1 7.4 8.5 5.6 6.8 7.9 5.2 6.4 7.4 2100 2400 2700 31.8 32 32.2 30.2 30.8 31.2 28.6 29.4 30.2 26.8 28 28.8 25 26.4 27.4 23.4 24.8 26 21.8 23.4 24.6 20.2 21.8 23.4 18.8 20.6 22 17.8 19.4 20.8 16.6 18.2 19.8 15.9 16 16.1 15.1 15.4 15.6 14.3 14.7 15.1 13.4 14 14.4 12.5 13.2 13.7 11.7 12.4 13 10.9 11.7 12.3 10.1 10.9 11.7 9.4 10.3 11 8.9 9.7 10.4 8.3 9.1 9.9 3000 3300 3600 3900 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.6 31.6 31.8 32 32.2 30.6 31 31.2 31.4 29.4 30 30.4 30.8 28.2 29 29.4 30 27 27.8 28.4 29 25.8 26.6 27.4 28 24.4 25.4 26.4 27 23.4 24.4 26.2 26 22.2 23.4 24.2 25.2 21 22.2 23.4 24.2 16.2 16.2 16.2 16.3 15.8 15.9 16 16.1 15.3 15.5 15.6 15.7 14.7 15 15.2 15.4 14.1 14.5 14.7 15 13.5 13.9 14.2 14.5 12.9 13.3 13.7 14 12.2 12.7 13.2 13.5 11.7 12.2 12.6 13 11.1 11.7 12.1 12.6 10.5 11.1 11.7 12.1 4200 4500 4800 32.6 32.6 32.6 32.2 32.4 32.4 31.6 31.8 32 31 31.2 31.4 30.2 30.6 30.8 29.4 29.8 30.2 28.6 29 29 27.8 28.2 28.6 26.8 27.4 28 26 26.6 27.2 25 25.8 26.4 16.3 16.3 16.3 16.1 16.2 16.2 15.8 15.9 16 15.5 15.6 15.7 15.1 15.3 15.4 14.7 14.9 15.1 14.3 14.5 14.5 13.9 14.1 14.3 13.4 13.7 14 13 13.3 13.6 12.5 12.9 13.2 5100 5400 5700 32.8 32.8 32.8 32.4 32.4 32.6 32 32 32.2 31.6 31.8 32 31 31.2 31.4 30.4 30.6 30.8 29.8 30 30.4 29.2 29.4 29.8 28.4 28.8 29.2 27.6 28 28.6 26.8 27.4 28 16.4 16.4 16.4 16.2 16.2 16.3 16 16 16.1 15.8 15.9 16 15.5 15.6 15.7 15.2 15.3 15.4 14.9 15 15.2 14.6 14.7 14.9 14.2 14.4 14.6 13.8 14 14.3 13.4 13.7 14 6000 32.8 32.6 32.4 32 31.6 31 30.6 30 29.4 28.8 28.2 16.4 16.3 16.2 16 15.8 15.5 15.3 15 14.7 14.4 14.1 Example for Area with all piers the same Example for Area with piers in 3 sets Job specifications Dimensions for Area are 25 m x 4 m Wind region = N2 All piers are at 2700 spacing and 1200 mm high Angle braces will be used. Job specifications are the same as the other example except: 2 sets of piers 2700 spacing and 600 mm high 1 set of piers 2700 spacing and 1200 mm high 2 sets of piers 2700 spacing and 1800 mm high Find area Find area Area = 25 x 4 = 100 m2 Area = 25 x 4 = 100 m2 Calculate the total bracing required Calculate the total bracing required From Tables 1 and 2 on previous page: Total bracing capacity required = 130.4 kN (see example at left) Total bracing capacity required = Area x Ka x 1.63 Determine the capacity of bracing-sets that match the height and spacing of the piers = 100 x 0.8 x 1.63 = 130.4 kN From the table above: Determine the capacity of bracing-sets that match the height and spacing of the piers Sets of piers Capacity 2 off 2700 spacing and 600 mm high 2 x 32.2 = 64.4 kN 1 off 2700 spacing and 1200 mm high1 x 30.2 = 30.2 kN 2 off 2700 spacing and 1800 mm high2 x 27.4 = 54.8 kN TOTAL CAPACITY = 149.4 kN Step requires 130.4 kN, so the total capacity of all 5 sets (149.4 kN) is safe, and no other combination of these sets will do. From the table above, we find piers at 2700 spacing and 1200 mm high have a capacity of 30.2 kN. Determine the number of bracing sets required Provide 5 sets of bracing. Total Capacity of 5 sets of bracing: 30.2 x 5 = 151 kN is safe. 10 Bracing details General purpose connector bracket Steel or timber bearer ber tim ace r el o r br Ste eare b mm .5 e 2 x ac 50 le br x g 50 an Two screws at each end, no more than 20mm from the top or bottom of the Uni-Pier 1 screw at overlap Typical angle bracing All screws on this page are Metal Teks 14–20 x 22 to AS 3566 Class 4 Two screws at each end, no more than 20mm from the top or bottom of the Uni-Pier 51 x 1.6 strap bracing 1 screw at overlap Typical strap bracing Tensioner 11 Design advantages of ® LYSAGHT Uni-Pier • Termite proof and will not burn in a bushfire • Available in 14 post lengths from 200-2800 (65 x 65 mm) and 200 - 4000 mm (75 x 75 mm) in 200 mm increments • Each post has adjustable end (up to 200mm) with integrated ant cap • Pre-engineered load tables together with BCA and Australian Standard compliance makes obtaining On behalf of BlueScope Lysaght, I certify that this document has been prepared in accordance with the relevant Australian Standards. Uni-Pier must be used within their design limits and the published engineering specifications for the product. BlueScope will not be held responsible for an product failure due to misapplication or misuse of the product or any consequential damages. Engineering data shows typical details. council approval easier • Uni-Pier posts can be used in any wind area • Very cost competitive with cost-saving features: such as pre-drilled integrated cleats and welded Santan Pathmanandavel B. Eng. M. Sc., DIC., M.I.E. Aust. CP Eng 327484; RPEQ 4656 Product Development Manager BlueScope Lysaght Research & Development base plates which save fabrication time and labour • Hot dipped galvanised steel strength and durability TRY LYSAGHT QUIKA-FLOOR® Foolproof against termites, fires, bounces and squeaks. Information, brochures and your local distributor 1800 641 417 Please check the latest information which is always available at www.lysaght.com © Copyright BlueScope Limited 3 November 2003 LYSAGHT® and ZINCALUME® are trademarks of BlueScope Steel Limited. A.B.N. 16 000 011 058 Quika-Floor, Uni-Pier and the Uni-Pier logo are used under license by BlueScope Lysaght. Quika-Floor bearers and joists provide long spanning capabilities. These conventional bearers and joists are lightweight and straight. They can be custom cut in lengths up to 12000mm. Immune to termites and won’t fuel a fire. Wooden floors can be glued or nailed to the Quika-Floor joist by a hardened tip twist shank nail. The LYSAGHT® range of products is exclusively made by BlueScope Steel Limited trading as BlueScope Lysaght. 14 gauge Metal Tek screws or equivalent Quika-Floor bearer Quika-Floor, Uni-Pier and the Uni-Pier logo are used under license by BlueScope Lysaght.
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