E F Johnson 2424330 Non-Broadcast Transceiver User Manual 4300 Operating Manual

E. F. Johnson Company Non-Broadcast Transceiver 4300 Operating Manual

Users manual

DIGITAL/ANALOG MOBILE RADIOOPERATINGMANUAL4300 SERIES MOBILE RADIO■APCO Project 25 Conventional■APCO Project 25 Trunked■SMARTNET®/SmartZone®■Analog (FM) ConventionalVHFUHF800 MHZPart No. 242-43xx-xxxPart Number: 002-4300-00xCD NRDecember 20044300
4300 SERIES MOBILEOPERATING MANUAL■APCO PROJECT 25 CONVENTIONAL■APCO PROJECT 25 TRUNKED■SMARTNET®/SmartZone®■ANALOG (FM) CONVENTIONALVHF/UHF/800 MHzCopyright© 2004 by the EFJohnson CompanyThe EFJohnson Company, which was founded in 1923, provides wireless communication systems solutions for public safety, government, and commercial customers. The company designs, manufactures, and markets conventional and trunked radio systems, mobile and portable subscriber radios, repeaters, and Project 25 digital radio products. EFJohnson is a wholly owned subsidiary of EFJ, Inc.Viking Head/EFJohnson logo and Call Guard® are trademarks of the EFJohnson Company. SMARTNET®, SmartZone®, SecureNet™, Call Alert™, Enhanced Private Conversation™, and Private Conversation II™ are trademarks of Motorola, Inc. All other company and/or product names used in this manual are trademarks and/or registered trademarks of their respective manufacturer. The IMBE™ voice coding technology embodied in this product is protected by intellectual property rights including patent rights of Digital Voice Systems, Inc.LAND MOBILE PRODUCT WARRANTY - The manufacturer’s warranty statement for this product is available from your product supplier or from EFJohnson Company, 1440 Corporate Drive, Irving, TX 75038-2401. Phone (800) 328-3911.Information in this manual is subject to change without notice.
SAFETY INFORMATION3RF ENERGY EXPOSURE AWARENESS AND CONTROL INFORMATION, AND OPERATIONAL INSTRUCTIONS FOR FCC OCCUPATIONAL USE REQUIREMENTS Before using your mobile two-way radio, read this important RF energy awareness and control infor-mation and operational instructions to ensure compliance with the FCC’s RF exposure guidelines.NOTICE: This radio is intended for use in occupa-tional/controlled conditions, where users have full knowledge of their exposure and can exercise control over their exposure to meet FCC limits. This radio device is NOT authorized for general population, consumer, or any other use. This two-way radio uses electromagnetic energy in the radio frequency (RF) spectrum to provide communications between two or more users over a distance. It uses radio frequency (RF) energy or radio waves to send and receive calls. RF energy is one form of electromagnetic energy. Other forms include, but are not limited to, electric power, sunlight and x-rays. RF energy, however, should not be confused with these other forms of electromagnetic energy, which when used improperly can cause biological damage. Very high levels of x-rays, for example, can damage tissues and genetic material. Experts in science, engineering, medicine, health and industry work with organizations to develop standards for exposure to RF energy. These standards provide recom-mended levels of RF exposure for both workers and the general public. These recommended RF exposure levels include substantial margins of protection. All two-way radios marketed in North America are designed, manufac-tured and tested to ensure they meet government established RF exposure levels. In addition, manufacturers also recom-mend specific operating instructions to users of two-way radios. These instructions are important because they inform users about RF energy exposure and provide simple proce-dures on how to control it. Please refer to the following web sites for more information on what RF energy exposure is and how to control your exposure to assure compliance with established RF exposure limits. http://www.fcc.gov/oet/rfsafety/rf-faqs.htmlhttp://www.osha.gov/SLTC/radiofrequencyradiation/index.html FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION REGULATIONS The FCC rules require manufacturers to comply with the FCC RF energy exposure limits for mobile two-way radios before they can be marketed in the U.S. When two-way radios are used as a consequence of employment, the FCC requires users to be fully aware of and able to control their exposure to meet occupational requirements. Expo-sure awareness can be facilitated by the use of a label directing users to specific user awareness information. Your EFJohnson two-way radio has a RF exposure product label. Also, your EFJohnson user manual, or product manual, or separate safety booklet includes information and operating instructions required to control your RF exposure and to satisfy compliance requirements. COMPLIANCE WITH RF EXPOSURE STANDARDS Your EFJohnson two-way radio is designed and tested to comply with a number of national and international stan-dards and guidelines (listed below) regarding human expo-sure to radio frequency electromagnetic energy. This radio complies with the IEEE and ICNIRP exposure limits for occupational/controlled RF exposure environment at duty factors of up to 50% talk and 100% listen and is authorized by the FCC for occupational use. In terms of measuring RF energy for compliance with the FCC exposure guidelines, your radio antenna radiates measurable RF energy only while it is transmitting (during talking), not when it is receiving (listening) or in standby mode.Your EFJohnson two-way radio complies with the following RF energy exposure standards and guidelines: •United States Federal Communications Commission, Code of Federal Regulations; 47 CFR §§ 2 sub-part J. •American National Standards Institute (ANSI) / Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) C95. 1-1992. •Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) C95.1-1999 Edition. RF EXPOSURE COMPLIANCE AND CONTROL GUIDELINES AND OPERATINGINSTRUCTIONS To control exposure to yourself and others and ensure compliance with the occupational/controlled environment exposure limits always adhere to the following procedures.
SAFETY INFORMATION4Guidelines: •User awareness instructions should accompany device when transferred to other users. •Do not use this device if the operational requirements described herein are not met. Instructions: •Transmit no more than the rated duty factor of 50% of the time. To transmit (talk), push the Push-To-Talk (PTT) button. To receive calls, release the PTT button. Trans-mitting 50% of the time, or less, is important because this radio generates measurable RF energy exposure only when transmitting (in terms of measuring for standards compliance). •Transmit only when people outside the vehicle are at least the recommended minimum lateral distance away, as shown in Table 1, from a properly installed according to installation instructions, externally-mounted antenna. NOTE: Table 1 lists the recommended minimum lateral distance for bystanders in an uncontrolled environment from transmitting types of antennas (i.e., monopoles over a ground plane, or dipoles) at several different ranges of rated radio power for mobile radios installed in a vehicle.MOBILE ANTENNAS •Install antennas at the center of the roof or the center of the trunk deck taking into account the bystander exposure conditions of backseat passengers and the recommended minimum lateral distances in Table 1. These mobile antenna installation guidelines are limited to metal body motor vehicles or vehicles with appropriate ground planes. The antenna installation should additionally be in accordance with:a.) The requirements of the antenna manufacturer/supplier. b.) Instructions in the Radio Installation Manual, including minimum antenna cable lengths. c.) The installation manual should provide specific information of how to install the antennas to facil-itate recommended operating distances to all potentially exposed persons. •Use only EFJohnson approved supplied antenna or EFJohnson approved replacement antenna. Unauthorized antennas, modifications, or attachments could damage the radio and may violate FCC regulations. Antennas tested with EFJohnson radios are listed in Table 2.APPROVED ACCESSORIES •This radio has been tested and meets the FCC RF expo-sure guidelines when used with the EFJohnson accesso-ries supplied or designated for this product. Use of other accessories may not ensure compliance with the FCC’s RF exposure guidelines, and may violate FCC regula-tions. •For a list of EFJohnson approved accessories, refer to the radio service manual or contact the EFJohnson Company as follows.CONTACT INFORMATION For additional information on exposure requirements or other information, contact the EFJohnson Company at the following address or telephone number:Customer Service DepartmentEFJohnson Company1440 Corporate DriveIrving, TX 75038-2401Telephone Toll Free: (800) 328-3911Table 1 Rated Power and Recommended Lateral DistanceRated Power of Vehicle-Installed Two-Way RadioRecommended Minimum Lateral Distance From Transmitting AntennaUp to 50 watts 1.0 meter50-110 watts 1.5 meterTable 2 Tested Antenna Whips and Bases(Antenna Manufacturer - Antenna Specialists)Frequency Whip Model No. Base Model No.136-144 MHz ASPJ1415 KM220144-152 MHz ASPA1415 KM220152-162 MHz ASPB1415 KM220162-174 MHz ASPC1415 KM220400-430 MHz ASPE1615 KM220430-470 MHz ASPD1615 KM220470--512 MHz ASPF1615 KM220806-869 MHz ASPA1855 KM220890-960 MHz ASPG1865 KM220
5TABLE OF CONTENTSTABLE OF CONTENTSSAFETY INFORMATIONFederal Communications Commission Regulations 3Compliance with RF Exposure Standards . . . . . . .3• RF Exposure Compliance and Control Guidelines and Operating Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3• Contact Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 GENERAL1.1 Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81.2 General Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8Conventional Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8SMARTNET/SmartZone Features . . . . . . . . . . . 8Project 25 Trunked Features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 CONTROLS AND DISPLAY2.1 Front Panel Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .102.2 Rear Panel Connectors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .112.3 Display. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .113 GENERAL OPERATION3.1 Turning Power On and Setting Volume . . . . . . . . 13Power ON/OFF. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Setting Volume Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133.2 Power-Up Password. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Password Features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133.3 Backlight Control and Display Viewing Angle Adjust . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143.4 Zone/Channel Display and Select . . . . . . . . . . . . .14Zone/Channel Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Zone/Channel Select . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Direct Channel Select . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143.5 Setting Squelch Control. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153.6 Transmit Disable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .153.7 Radio Operating Modes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Conventional Mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16SMARTNET/SmartZone Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . 16P25 Trunked Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16Systems, Channels, and Zones . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174 RADIOWIDE FEATURES4.1 Option Switches. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .194.2 Time-Out Timer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .194.3 Home Zone/Channel Select . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .194.4 Power Output Select. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194.5 Alert Tone Select . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194.6 Power Turn-Off Delay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194.7 Horn Alert. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204.8 Microphone Off-Hook Detect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204.9 Surveillance Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204.10 Public Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204.11 Scanning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21Standard Scanning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21Radio Wide Scanning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21Scan Hold Time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22Transmitting in the Scan Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22Nuisance Channel Delete. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224.12 Scan Lists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22Standard Mode Scan Lists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22Radio Wide Scan List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245 CONVENTIONAL FEATURES5.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255.2 Monitoring Before Transmitting . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255.3 Monitor Mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255.4 Busy Channel Lockout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265.5 Call Guard Squelch. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26Call Guard Squelch Enable/Disable . . . . . . . . . 26Tone Call Guard Squelch. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26Digital Call Guard Squelch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26Selective Squelch Code Select (CTCSS/DSC/NAC). . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275.6 Penalty Timer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275.7 Conversation Timer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275.8 Repeater Talk-Around . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285.9 Displaying Transmit/Receive Frequency . . . . . . . 285.10 Emergency Alarm and Call . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28Emergency Alarms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28Emergency Calls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295.11 Conventional Mode Scanning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29Selecting a Scan List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29Transmitting in Scan Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29Priority Channel Sampling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 305.12 Standard Conventional Calls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 315.13 DTMF/ANI Signaling. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 315.14 Single Tone Encoder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 325.15 Project 25 Mode Features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32Unit ID Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32Group ID Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32Network Access Code (NAC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32P25 Group Calls. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
TABLE OF CONTENTS6P25 Unit Calls. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32Call Alert. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33Messaging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34Status Messaging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34P25 Packet Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 345.16 Keypad Programming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34Menu Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35Zone Password . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35Zone Change Parameter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35Channel Change Parameter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35System Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35Channel Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 366 SMARTNET/SMARTZONE/P25 TRUNKED FEATURES6.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .386.2 Analog and Digital Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .386.3 Viewing Unit ID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .386.4 Standard Group Calls. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38Placing a Standard Group Call . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38Receiving a Standard Group Call . . . . . . . . . . . 386.5 Private (Unit-To-Unit) Calls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39Placing an Enhanced Private Conversation Call 39Placing a Standard Private Conversation Call . 40Receiving a Private Call (All Types) . . . . . . . . 406.6 Telephone Calls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40Placing a Telephone Call . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41Receiving a Telephone Call . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 416.7 Call Alert . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .416.8 Messaging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .426.9 Sending Status Conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 426.10 Emergency Alarm and Call . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43Emergency Alarms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43Emergency Calls. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 436.11 Failsoft Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .446.12 SMARTNET/SmartZone/P25 Trunked Scanning Features44General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44Priority Talk Group Sampling . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45Scan List Editing and Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . 456.13 Dynamic Regrouping. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .456.14 SmartZone and P25 Trunking Unique Features . .45Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45Busy Override. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46Site Trunking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46Determining Current Site and Searching For a New Site . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46Locking/Unlocking a Site . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46ZoneFail Site Lock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 467 MISCELLANEOUS7.1 Supervisory Tones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 477.2 System Operator Programming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 477.3 Speaking Into Microphone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 487.4 Operation At Extended Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 487.5 Preventing Battery Discharge. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 487.6 Licensing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 487.7 Radio Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 488 DETERMINING AVAILABLE OPTIONS8.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 498.2 Upgrading A Radio With New Options . . . . . . . . 498.3 Using PCConfigure To Determine Options . . . . . 499 PASSWORD DESCRIPTION9.1 New Password Enhancements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 519.2 Programming Passwords . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51Lost Passwords . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51Changing Passwords . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51Password Entry Procedure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 519.3 Password Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52User (Power-On) Passwords . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52Download/Upload Passwords . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52Master Password . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 529.4 Zone Password . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5210 SECURE COMMUNICATION (ENCRYPTION)10.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53Encryption Algorithms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53Encryption Available With Various Channel Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53FIPS and Non-FIPS Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5410.2 Encryption Keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54Key and Algorithm IDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54TABLE OF CONTENTS (CONT’D)
TABLE OF CONTENTS7PID/SLN Key Management Modes . . . . . . . . . 54Maintaining Keys in Memory. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55Encryption Key Select . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55Encryption Key Erase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5510.3 Clear/Secure Strapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55Transmit Mode Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55Receive Mode Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56Talk Group Encryption override. . . . . . . . . . . . 56Encryption Icon Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5610.4 OTAR (Over-The-Air Rekeying) . . . . . . . . . . . . .57Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57Encryption Key Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57Keysets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57Crypto Groups. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57Key Management Facility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58Message Number Period (MNP) . . . . . . . . . . . . 58Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5810.5 Radio Setup For Encryption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60General Encryption Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60Additional Setup For OTAR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6110.6 Radio OTAR Capabilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62SEM 4100/4300, Standard 4100 . . . . . . . . . . . . 62UCM Equipped 4300. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62OTAR Option Switches. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62INDEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64TABLE OF CONTENTS (CONT’D)
8GENERALSECTION 1 GENERAL1.1 FEATURESNOTE: The availability of many of the following features is controlled by field programming and by what options were ordered. For example, encryption and some operating modes are optional. See the EFJohnson product description and Section 8 for further details.1.2 GENERAL FEATURES•The following operating modes are programmable:– Conventional analog and P25– Trunked SMARTNET®/SmartZone® and P25•Power Output– VHF Band: 10-50 and 50-100 watts– UHF Band: 15 watts– 800 MHz Band: 10-35 watts•AES 256-bit FIPS 140-2 approved encryption available on P25/digital channels.•DES/DES-XL 64-bit encryption available on analog channels, DES-OFB FIPS 140-2 approved encryp-tion available on digital channels (see Section 10).•Up to 16 zones with 16 channels each (256 channels total) are standard. •Large liquid crystal display (LCD) with backlight•Six programmable option switches•Horn alert•External public address•Programmable power-off delay•Each option button programmable with a different function for each operating mode (Conventional, SMARTNET/SmartZone, Trunked P25) •Emergency calls for high priority system access•Standard and Radio Wide scan modes with user programmable scan lists•User selectable high and low power output•Stealth mode•Time-out timer•Power up password to prevent unauthorized use.•Programmable and user adjustable tone volume•Programmable minimum volume level•Operates on both wide and narrow band channels1.2.1 CONVENTIONAL FEATURES•Up to 256 channels or talk groups programmable •Repeater talk-around•Penalty and conversation timers•Carrier or Call Guard® (CTCSS/DCS) controlled squelch on analog channels, NAC and talk group IDs on P25 channels•Normal/selective squelch selectable by option switch•Monitor mode selectable by option switch•Dual priority channel sampling when scanning(analog and digital channels)•Busy channel lockout (transmit disable on busy)•Unit calls on P25 channels•Emergency alarms and calls to alert a dispatcher of an emergency condition.•ANI (Automatic Number Identification) on analog channels •Call Alert™ on P25 channels (send and receive pages)•Predefined messages (up to 16) can be sent to adispatcher (P25 mode only)•Predefined status conditions (up to 8) can be sent to a dispatcher (P25 mode only)•OTAR (Over-The-Air-Rekeying) compatible (P25 channels only).•Keypad programming with password access (Federal Government users only)1.2.2 SMARTNET/SMARTZONE FEATURES•Up to 256 talk groups programmable (channels select talk groups)•Group, Enhanced Private Conversation™, standard Private Conversation, and Telephone calls•Emergency alarms to alert a dispatcher of emergency conditions•Emergency calls for high priority system access•Failsoft operation on a predefined conventional channel if trunked system fails•Priority group calls detected while listening to other group calls when scanning•Call Alert™ (send and receive pages)•Predefined messages (up to 16) can be sent to adispatcher
GENERAL9•Predefined status conditions (up to 8) can be sent to a dispatcher•Dynamic regrouping (dispatcher can automatically gather users on a channel to receive a message)•Roaming (SmartZone only)1.2.3 PROJECT 25 TRUNKED FEATURES•Up to 256 talk groups programmable (channels select talk groups)•Group and Unit Calls•Emergency alarms to alert a dispatcher of emergency conditions•Emergency calls for high priority system access•Failsoft operation on a predefined conventional channel if trunked system fails•Priority group calls detected while listening to other group calls when scanning•Call Alert™ (send and receive pages)•Predefined status conditions (up to 8) can be sent to a dispatcher•Dynamic regrouping (dispatcher can automatically gather users on a channel to receive a message)•Roaming
10CONTROLS AND DISPLAYSECTION 2 CONTROLS AND DISPLAYFigure 2-1 Front Panel ControlsSix OptionSwitchesDisplayMicrophonePTT SwitchSpeakerSelectSwitchOn-Off/VolumeMulti-functionIndicatorSix OptionSwitchesDisplayMicrophonePTT SwitchSpeakerSelectSwitchOn-Off/VolumeMulti-functionIndicator2.1 FRONT PANEL CONTROLSOn-Off/Volume - Pressing this control turns power on and off, and rotating it sets the volume level.Select Switch - Selects zones/channels and is also used for other functions such as selecting names from a call list. When selecting zones/channels, a bar above the zone or channel display (see Figure 2-3) indicates which is being changed. This bar is switched between displays by pressing this switch, and zone and chan-nels are selected by rotating it (see “Zone/Channel Select” on page 14). Multi-function Indicator - This is a two-color LED that indicates the following:Red (constant) - Transmitter keyed (PTT switch pressed).Green (constant) - Busy condition (carrier detected in receive mode).NOTE: This indicator is disabled when the Surveil-lance mode is programmed (see Section 4.9).Option Switches - Each of the six options switches on the front panel (including the one located to the left of the display) can be programmed by your system oper-ator to control some function. The switch functions can be different for each operating mode (conven-tional, SMARTNET/SmartZone, and Project 25 Trunked). Therefore, up to 18 functions can be controlled by these switches. Refer to Section 4.1 for more information on option switch functions.Speaker - An internal 16-ohm, 5-watt speaker is located behind the grille. An optional 4-ohm, 12-watt external speaker may be used if desired. The internal speaker is disabled when an external speaker is used.PTT Switch - This push-button switch on the micro-phone is pressed to talk (key the transmitter) and released to listen.
CONTROLS AND DISPLAY11Figure 2-2 Rear Panel ConnectorsFigure 2-3 Front Panel DisplayRemote ControlUnit Connector AccessoryConnectorAntennaConnectorDC PowerConnectorOptionalTelephone/SpecialCall Channel Encryption10-Character Alphanumeric Display ZoneNo.StatusDisplayChnlNo.Scan EditMode2.2 REAR PANEL CONNECTORSDC Power - Connection point for the nominal 12-volt, negative ground power source (see Figure 2-2).Antenna - Type N for connecting the antenna.Accessory - Black connector for connecting optional accessories such as an external speaker (4-ohm, 12-watt), horn alert, and ignition sense line.Remote Control Unit - Connection point for a remote control unit if used. This cable is optional with front-mount models.Data (Not Shown) - An optional female DB9 jack for connecting external data equipment when the P25 Packet Data feature is used (see Section 5.15.9).Siren Control (Not Shown) - An optional yellow/orange connector similar to the accessory jack for connecting the optional siren controller. 2.3 DISPLAYAlphanumeric Display - This 10-character area of the display indicates the alias (unique identification) for the selected zone or channel, depending on which select mode is active. It may also indicate such things as the channel frequency, ID numbers, and status and error messages.Zone Number - Indicates the currently selected zone from 1 up to 16. A zone is a collection of channels that can be any combination of the conventional, P25 Trunked, and SMARTNET/SmartZone types.
CONTROLS AND DISPLAY12Channel Number - Indicates the currently selected channel (conventional) or talk group (other modes).Status Display - These two characters indicate the following status information: - This symbol in the left position indicates that the displayed channel is in the scan list (scanned normally). - A “P” in the left position indicates that the selected conventional channel is a priority channel (first priority with dual priority). - A “2” in the left position indicates that the selected conventional channel is a second priority channel. - This rotating clock-like symbol in the right position indicates that scanning is enabled. - When this triangle is displayed, the scan list edit or keypad programming mode is indicated (see Section 4.12 or Section 5.16). - Indicates a SMARTNET/SmartZone telephone call has been initiated. It is non-functional in the conventional mode. - Indicates that voice encryption is enabled or that an encrypted call is being received. Refer to Section 10.3.4 for more information.MON - Indicates that the conventional monitor mode is enabled by taking the microphone off-hook or pressing the MON option switch. This disables squelch control features so that all messages on the channel are heard. Refer to Sections 5.2 and 5.3 for more information. - The lines above the zone and channel displays indicate which display is changed if the Select switch is turned. To switch between displays, press the Select switch (see Section 3.4.2).
13GENERAL OPERATIONSECTION 3 GENERAL OPERATION3.1 TURNING POWER ON AND SETTING VOLUME3.1.1 POWER ON/OFFPower is turned on and off by pressing the On-Off/Volume knob. When power is turned on, the radio goes through a self test. When that is successfully completed, the unit ID is briefly displayed (except when a conventional analog channel is selected), a tone sounds (if tones are enabled), and the radio is ready for normal operation. If “ENTER PSWD” is briefly displayed, refer to the next section. The radio can be programmed so that one of the following combinations are selected at power up:•Last Zone/Last Channel•Last Zone/Home Channel•Home Zone/Last Channel•Home Zone/Home ChannelThe Home Zone and Channel are prepro-grammed. With the “Last Zone”/“Home Channel” configuration, the programmed home channel number of the last active zone is selected. If this channel number is not programmed in the active zone, “Unpro-gramd” is displayed. NOTE: In dual control configurations (front mount radio with remote control unit), the power switches at both control points must be off for power to turn off.3.1.2 SETTING VOLUME LEVELThe relative volume setting can be determined using a reference tone as follows:•If the key press tones are enabled (see Section 4.5 on page 19), a short tone sounds when an option switch is pressed or the Select switch is pressed or rotated.•If a conventional channel is selected, take the micro-phone off-hook and if someone is talking, voice may be heard. If the MON (Monitor) option switch is programmed (see Section 5.3 on page 25), pressing it unsquelches the radio and either voice or back-ground noise is heard. If a SMARTNET/SmartZone or P25 trunked channel is selected, the radio cannot be manually unsquelched.3.2 POWER-UP PASSWORD3.2.1 GENERALThe power-up password feature prevents unau-thorized use of the radio by requiring that an 8-digit password be entered to make it operational. This feature is enabled or disabled by programming.When it is enabled, “ENTER PSWD” is briefly displayed when power is turned on, the eight-digit numeric password must be entered by pressing and rotating the Select switch. If an incorrect password is entered, “INCORRECT” is displayed and it must be re-entered.3.2.2 PASSWORD FEATURESUp to four power-on (user) passwords, download and upload passwords, and a master password can be programmed. The current User password can be changed if the “PW CHG” option switch is programmed. Selecting this function displays prompts for entering and confirming a new password. Refer to Section 9 for more information on passwords.
GENERAL OPERATION143.3 BACKLIGHT CONTROL AND DISPLAY VIEWING ANGLE ADJUST If the BKLHT option switch is programmed, it can be used to select high, medium, or off backlight modes. Otherwise, the keypad and display backlight is fixed in one of these modes by programming. The backlight is totally disabled when the Surveillance mode is programmed (see Section 4.9).If the display is difficult to read from the angle you normally view it, the viewing angle can be adjusted as follows: Press and hold the last option switch above the display and then press the first option switch above the display. Then release both switches and turn the Select switch until the best contrast is obtained. This function times out in 3-5 seconds.NOTE: If the display appears blank or all icons are continuously displayed, the viewing angle is probably improperly adjusted.3.4 ZONE/CHANNEL DISPLAY AND SELECT3.4.1 ZONE/CHANNEL DISPLAYThe selected zone and channel numbers are displayed by the zone and channel displays shown in the following illustration. In addition, the selected zone identification (alias) is displayed in the alphanu-meric display area when the zone select mode is enabled, and the channel alias is displayed when the channel select mode is enabled (see following). With conventional channels, the channel frequency may be displayed instead of the alias if the Display Informa-tion option switch is programmed (see Section 5.9).A zone can include any mix of up to 16 channels, and up to 16 zones can be programmed. Therefore, up to 256 channels can be selected. One use for zones may be for operation in different geographical areas. 3.4.2 ZONE/CHANNEL SELECT The front panel Select switch is used to change the zone and channel. Pressing this switch toggles between the zone and channel select modes, and rotating it changes the zone or channel.The current mode is indicated by the bar over the zone or channel display. For example, when the bar is over the zone display (see following illustration), the zone select mode is enabled. Rotating the Select switch clockwise increases the zone or channel and rotating it counterclockwise decreases the zone or channel number. After the highest zone or channel is displayed, wrap-around to the lowest zone or channel occurs and vice versa. If an unprogrammed channel is selected, “UNPROGRAMD” is displayed and a tone sounds. The radio may also be programmed so that only programmed channels are selected.The radio can be programmed so that the bar defaults to either the zone or channel display when power is turned on and after a change is made. The delay that occurs before it returns is programmed for 1-15 seconds. It can also be programmed to remain in the last selected mode. 3.4.3 DIRECT CHANNEL SELECTThe direct Channel Select feature is available with the HHC (Handheld Control Unit) only, and if the Channel Select option switch parameter is programmed. This feature allows channels to be directly selected using the HHC numeric keys or Up/Down switch. ZoneNo.ChnlNo.Zone Select IndicatorChannel Select Indicator
GENERAL OPERATION15For direct selection purposes, channels are numbered sequentially starting with the lowest zone. Each zone can be programmed with up to 16 channels, so Zone 1 channels are numbered 1-16, Zone 2 chan-nels 17-32, and so on as shown below. For example, Zone 1/Channel 16 is selected by Channel 16, and Zone 2/Channel 16 is selected by Channel 32.Proceed as follows to select channels using this mode:1. Enable the direct Channel Select mode by pressing the Channel Select option switch. The alias and sequential number of the current channel are alternately displayed.2. Select the desired channel using the Up/Down keys or directly enter it using the 0-9 keys. If using the 0-9 keys, the radio attempts to display the entered number after the 3rd digit is entered or approxi-mately 2 seconds after the last key is pressed. 3. To exit this mode and select the entered channel, press the Channel Select switch again. This mode is also exited automatically without changing the channel after approximately 1 minute of no activity.NOTE: The Channel Select function should probably not be assigned to a number key because pressing that key to select a channel then exits the select mode. Other features of this mode are as follows:•When using the Up/Down keys, wrap-around to the lowest zone/channel occurs after the last channel in the highest programmed zone is displayed and vice versa. For example, if Zone 1/Channel 5 is the highest programmed channel, wrap-around occurs after Zone 1/Channel 16 is displayed.•When an unprogrammed channel is displayed, the sequential channel number and “Unprogramd” are alternately displayed. •If an invalid channel number is entered using the 0-9 keys, or the Channel Select option switch is pressed with “Unprogramd” displayed, an error tones sounds, “Invalid” is briefly displayed, and the displayed channel does not change.3.5 SETTING SQUELCH CONTROLThis radio does not have a squelch control. The squelch level is preset and usually does not require readjustment. However, if the squelch level needs to be changed on a conventional analog channel, it can be changed using keypad programming if available (see Section 5.16 on page 34).3.6 TRANSMIT DISABLETransmitting can be disabled on each conven-tional, SMARTNET, SmartZone, and P25 Trunked channel so that the channel is monitor-only. When transmitting is attempted on a receive-only channel, “Rx Only” is displayed and an error tone sounds. 3.7 RADIO OPERATING MODES3.7.1 GENERALEach selectable channel can be programmed for the conventional (analog or Project 25 digital), SMARTNET/SmartZone, or Project 25 digital trunked operating mode. For example, Zone 1/Channel 1 could be a conventional channel, Zone 1/Channel 2 a SMARTNET channel, and so on. More information on these modes follows.Seq. Ch. No. Zone Channel11116 1617 2 123 1633 3 1
GENERAL OPERATION163.7.2 CONVENTIONAL MODEThis is a non-trunked operating mode which accesses independent radio channels. There is no auto-matic access to several channels. Selecting a conven-tional channel selects a transmit and receive frequency and other channel parameters such as squelch control coding. Conventional channels can be either standard (analog) or Project 25 (digital). With digital operation, the DSP (Digital Signal Processor) converts the audio signal to digital data which is sent over the air as complex tones. Another difference is that analog chan-nels use Call Guard (CTCSS/DCS) squelch control and Project 25 channels use a NAC (Network Access Code) and talk group ID codes. With Project 25 operation, a NAC is transmitted and it must match the NAC programmed in the base equipment and the mobile(s) being called for commu-nication to occur. In addition, to receive standard group calls, the receiving mobile must be programmed to detect the transmitted talk group ID code. With conventional operation, a busy channel condition is detected automatically if the busy channel lockout (transmit disable on busy) feature is programmed. Otherwise, it must be detected manually. An out-of-range condition is not indicated by special tones or messages as with SMARTNET operation because there is no initial data exchange with the repeater that allows this condition to be detected. Operating features unique to conventional channels are described in Section 5.3.7.3 SMARTNET/SMARTZONE MODEThis is a trunked operating mode in which auto-matic access is provided to several RF channels. ID codes are used to select what mobiles are being called and what calls are received. Monitoring is performed automatically and special messages and tones indicate busy and out-of-range conditions. SMARTNET and SmartZone operation and programming is very similar. Basically, SMARTNET operation is limited to a single repeater site and Smart-Zone operation allows automatic roaming between sites. Enhanced SMARTNET/SmartZone features include roaming (SmartZone only), telephone, private, and emergency calls, Call Alert™, and messaging. Either analog or digital signaling may be used. When a SMARTNET or SmartZone channel is selected or the radio is powered up on one of those channels, it searches for a control channel. Once a control channel is found, the alias (name) of the selected channel is displayed and the radio attempts to register on the radio system. If a control channel could not be found (because of an out of range condition or the system ID is not correct, for example), “NO SYS” (early units) or “Out Rnge” (later units) is displayed and the radio continues to search for a control channel.The control channel transmits and receives system information to and from all radios registered on the system. Therefore, once a control channel is found, it is continuously monitored for incoming call infor-mation and is used to make call requests. The radio automatically changes to a traffic channel to place and receive calls and then returns to the control channel when the call is complete. Operating features unique to SMARTNET/SmartZone channels are described in Section 6.3.7.4 P25 TRUNKED MODEThe P25 Trunked operating features are very similar to the SmartZone type just described. Since SmartZone features are also similar to SMARTNET features, all three modes are described in Section 6. Some differences between the P25 Trunking and SmartZone modes are as follows:•Digital signaling is always used with P25 calls. Either analog or digital signaling may be used for SmartZone calls.•Calls made to a specific mobile in the P25 mode are called Unit Calls. In the SMARTNET/SmartZone mode they are called Private Calls. •Messaging is not available with P25 calls.•Telephone calls are currently not available in this mode. •The P25 control channel data rate is 9600 baud and the digital voice data rate is also 9600 baud. With
GENERAL OPERATION17SmartZone operation, the control channel data rate is 3600 baud (both digital and analog calls) and the narrowband digital voice data rate is 9600 baud.•The P25 mode uses a system ID, Wide Area Communications Network (WACN) ID, and RF Subsystem ID (RFSS). The SmartZone mode does not use the WACN and RFSS IDs.•P25 Unit IDs can be 1-16,777,215 (000001-FFFFFF hex) and SmartZone Unit IDs can be 1-65,535 (0001-FFFF hex).•3.7.5 SYSTEMS, CHANNELS, AND ZONESA zone and channel are selected to place and receive calls. The following describes the relationship between systems, channels, and zones.SystemsA system is a collection of channels or talk groups belonging to the same repeater site. It defines all the parameters and protocol information required to access a site. Up to 16 systems of any type can be programmed. The maximum number of channels assignable to a system is limited to 256. Channels may also be limited by available memory space as described in the following information.ChannelsA channel selects a radio (RF) channel or talk group as follows:Conventional Analog Mode - A channel selects a specific radio channel, Call Guard (CTCSS/DCS) squelch coding, and other parameters unique to that channel.Conventional Project 25 Mode - A channel selects a specific radio channel, NAC squelch coding, talk group ID, and other parameters unique to that channel. Mode - A channel selects a specific talk group ID and other parameters unique to that talk group.SMARTNET/SmartZone and Trunked Project 25 Modes - A channel selects a specific talk group, announcement group, emergency group, and other parameters unique to that talk group.A maximum of up to approximately 256 channels can be programmed with the preceding modes. These channels can belong to a single system or multiple systems. The maximum number is also limited by the available memory. For example, since more memory is required to program a SMARTNET system than a conventional system, the total number of channels decreases as the number of SMARTNET channels increases. The programming software displays a bar graph which shows the amount of available memory space that is used by the current data. ZonesA zone is a collection of up to 16 channels of any type. For example, a zone could include 12 conven-tional channels and 4 SMARTNET channels. One use of zones may be to program the channels used for operation in a different geographical areas. The maximum number of zones is 16.
18RADIOWIDE FEATURESSECTION 4 RADIOWIDE FEATURESTable 4-1 Programmable Option Switch FunctionsSuggested Key Label Function Available in Mode: See Descript. in Section:Conv. Proj 25 Trk SMARTNET SmartZoneTONES Alert tones On-Off X X X X 4.5BKLHT Backlight On-Off X X X X 3.3ALERT Call Alert Select X X X X 6.7RESP Call Response Select X X X 6.5.4KY CHG Change Keyset X X X X 10.6.3CH SEL Channel Select (w/HHC only) X X X X 3.4.3C/S Clear/Secure Select X X X X 10.3TG SEL Digital Talk Group Select X 5.15.4DISP Display Information Select X 5.9EMER Emergency Select X X X X 5.10, 6.10KY CLR Erase Keys X X X X 10.2.6PUB AD External PA X X X X 4.10TX PWR High/Low Tx Power Select X X X X 4.4HOME Home Zone Select X X X X 4.3HORN Horn Honk Select X X X X 4.7KY SEL Key Select X 10.2.5PROG Keypad Programming Select X 5.16MSG Messaging X X X 6.8MON Monitor Mode Select X 5.3SEL SQ Normal/Selective Select X 5.5OTAR OTAR Rekey Request X 10.6.3DATA P25 Packet Data Mode X 5.15.9PHONE Phone Call Select X X 6.6PRI ED Priority Channel Select X 5.11.4CALL Private Call Select X X 6.5RWS Radio Wide Scan Select X X X X 4.11.3Remote Access (Pyramid Reptr) -RTA Repeater Talk-Around Select X 5.8RWS ED RWS List Select X X X X 4.12.2SCAN Scan Select X X X X 4.11.2SCN ED Scan Edit Select X X X X 4.12SN LST Scan List Select X X X 4.12PW CHG Set User Password X X X X 3.2SQ LIST Squelch Select List X 5.5LOCK Site Lock Select X X 6.14.5, 6.14.3SEARCH Site Search Select X X 6.14.4, 6.14.3STATUS Status Select X X X X 6.9SURVLC Surveillance Mode Select X X X X 4.9TN VOL Tone Volume Select X X X X 4.5CALL Unit Call Select X X 5.15.5(Blank) Unprogrammed (not used) X X X X -
RADIOWIDE FEATURES194.1 OPTION SWITCHESThe six option switches on the front panel (one is located to the left of the display) can be programmed by the PCConfigure programmer to control a different set of functions for each of the three operating modes. Therefore, up to 18 different functions can be controlled by these switches (six each for conven-tional, SMARTNET/SmartZone, and P25 Trunking). The available functions in each mode and the section in which each is described are shown in Table 4-1. 4.2 TIME-OUT TIMERThe time-out timer disables the transmitter if it is keyed for longer than the programmed time. It can be programmed on each channel for times of 15 seconds to 3 minutes, 45 seconds or it can be disabled. If the transmitter is keyed continuously for longer than the programmed time, the transmitter is disabled, a continuous tone sounds, and “TX TIMEOUT” is displayed. Five seconds before time-out occurs, a warning beep sounds to indicate that time-out is approaching. The timer and tone are reset by releasing the PTT switch. A different time can be programmed for each system, and the timer can be enabled or disabled on each channel. One use of this feature is to prevent a channel from being kept busy for an extended period by an accidentally keyed transmitter. It can also prevent possible transmitter damage caused by transmitting for an excessively long period.4.3 HOME ZONE/CHANNEL SELECTIf the HOME zone option switch is programmed, pressing it selects the preprogrammed home zone and channel. This provides a quick way of returning to a frequently used zone and channel. The radio is also programmed so that either the home or last selected zone/channel is automatically selected when power is turned on (see Section 3.1).4.4 POWER OUTPUT SELECTEach conventional channel and SMARTNET/SmartZone and P25 Trunked system can be programmed for High, Low, or Switchable transmit power. If Switchable power is programmed on the channel, the Tx PWR option switch can then be used to select high or low transmitter power. All models support switchable power.Pressing the TX PWR switch toggles the power setting. The new level is flashed in the display when this switch is pressed as “HI POWER” or “LOW POWER”. If selectable power is not permitted on the current channel, the fixed power level is flashed as “FIXED HIGH” or “FIXED LOW” and no power change occurs. The selected power level for a channel is permanent until it is manually changed again.The power levels are set at the factory or when the radio is tuned using the PCTune™ software. The factory default low power setting is one-half the high power setting.4.5 ALERT TONE SELECTThe various alert tones that sound are described in Section 7.1 on page 47. These tones can be enabled and disabled if the TONE option switch is programmed. To turn all tones off, press this switch and “TONE OFF” is displayed. Then to turn all tones on again, press it and “TONE ON” is displayed. If this switch is not programmed, tones are fixed in the on or off condition by programming. Alert tones are totally disabled when the Surveillance mode is programmed (see Section 4.9).The Alert Tone volume can be adjusted relative to the volume control setting. This is done by program-ming and also by the user if the TN VOL option switch is programmed. Relative levels of –170 to +170 can be set with “0” the default setting. A minus value decreases the tone volume and a plus value increases it. The user adjusted level permanently overrides the programmed level if applicable.4.6 POWER TURN-OFF DELAYThe radio can be installed so that the vehicle igni-tion switch as well as the front panel power switch of the radio control power. This is done by connecting the accessory cable ignition switch input to the vehicle ignition switch. Refer to the Installation section of the 4300 Service Manual for more information. A power-off delay of up to 254 minutes can then be programmed or this feature can be disabled by
RADIOWIDE FEATURES20programming “Forever” so there is no automatic power off. Both the ignition switch and the power switch must then be on for radio power to turn on. The delay can be overridden at any time by turning power off using the front panel power switch or turning the igni-tion switch back on.This turn-off delay can allow calls to be received or the horn alert to be active for a time after the igni-tion switch is turned off. At the same time, advantages of ignition switch control are utilized such as preventing the battery discharge that may occur if the radio is left on for an extended period (see Section 7.5). 4.7 HORN ALERTThe horn alert feature sounds an external alert such as the vehicle horn when certain calls are received. It is available if a Horn option switch is programmed and the proper connection has been made to the external alert. The horn alert output is pin 4 of the accessory cable, and an external driver circuit of some type is usually required. Refer to the Installation section of the 4300 Service Manual for more informa-tion on how to install this feature. Additional information on the horn alert feature follows:•It activates when receiving any Unit call in the conventional mode and any Private/Unit and Call Alert (paging) call in the SMARTNET/SmartZone and P25 Trunked modes. It does not sound when receiving standard Group or telephone calls, and is not programmable on a per call basis.•It must be manually enabled and disabled by the Horn option switch. It is not controlled by the vehicle ignition switch. When it is enabled, “HORN ON” is briefly displayed, and when it is disabled, “HORN OFF” is briefly displayed. It defaults to the off mode whenever power is turned on. •If a power turn-off delay is programmed as just described, it is functional during that delay. •When activated, it can be programmed to sound for three 1-second beeps or continuously for 2-90 seconds. It then turns off until another call is received. 4.8 MICROPHONE OFF-HOOK DETECTThe microphone hanger can be connected to chassis ground and the radio programmed to detect an off-hook condition (Hangup Box Monitor selected). The following operation then occurs when the micro-phone is taken off-hook:Conventional Channel Selected - Scanning tempo-rarily halts (if applicable) and the Monitor Mode described in Section 5.3 is enabled. However, the receiver unsquelches only if a carrier is detected. SMARTNET/SmartZone/P25 Trunked Channel Selected - Scanning temporarily halts if applicable. If the off-hook condition is not detected (Hangup Box Monitor not selected), the microphone hook state has no affect on radio operation.4.9 SURVEILLANCE MODEIf the Surveillance mode is programmed, the backlight, all alert tones, and front panel LED indi-cator are totally disabled in all operating modes.This feature can be turned on and off by the user if the SURVLC option switch is programmed. The user selected mode permanently overrides the programmed mode if applicable.4.10 PUBLIC ADDRESSAn external public address system can be connected to pin 7 of the radio accessory pigtail cable. This is a low level output, so some sort of PA amplifier is required. The External PA option switch is required to control this feature. In the public address mode, microphone audio is always routed to the PA system, and the radio can be programmed so that receive audio is also routed.
RADIOWIDE FEATURES21When the PA is enabled/disabled, “Ext PA On/Off” is displayed momentarily. The radio can also be programmed to display “Ext PA On” continuously. 4.11 SCANNING4.11.1 INTRODUCTIONScanning monitors the channels in the scan list for messages the radio is programmed to receive. When a message is detected, scanning stops and the message is received. Shortly after the message is complete, scanning resumes (unless it has been disabled). If the microphone off-hook condition is detected (Hangup Box Monitor selected by programming), scanning stops and selective squelch (such as Call Guard CTCSS or NAC/group ID detect) is disabled on conventional channels. If the off-hook condition is not detected, taking the microphone off-hook has no affect on radio operation. When a call is received in the scan mode, the alias of the channel on which a call is received (and any other display parameters that may be programmed) are displayed until scanning resumes. The selected channel alias is then displayed if applicable.There are two scan modes available: Standard (Priority) and Radio Wide. The operation of the stan-dard type is unique to the type of channel selected, and the operation of the Radio Wide type is the same regardless of the channel type selected. Only one type of scanning can be enabled at a time. For example, if standard scanning is enabled and Radio Wide Scan is enabled, standard scanning is automatically disabled and vice versa. Refer to the following for more information.4.11.2 STANDARD SCANNINGStandard scanning (also referred to as priority scanning) monitors only channels that are the same type as that currently selected. For example, if a conventional channel is selected, only conventional channels are scanned and likewise for SMARTNET/SmartZone and Project 25 trunked channels. For more information on scanning functions in the Conventional mode, refer to Section 5.11, and for more information on how it functions in the other modes, refer to Section 6.12. Scanning is turned on and off by the Scan option switch as follows. If this switch is not programmed, scanning is not available.•To turn standard scanning on, press the SCAN option switch. Scanning is enabled when a rotating is indicated in the right status display as follows and “SCAN ON” is briefly displayed.•To turn scanning off, press the SCAN option switch again. On conventional channels, this may also select another list, so several presses may be required (see Section 5.11). Scanning is disabled when “SCAN OFF” is briefly displayed and is no longer indicated in the status display.•If the zone or channel is changed while scanning is selected, scanning continues on the same or a different scan list (see Section 4.12.1).NOTE: Each SMARTNET/SmartZone and P25 trunked channel can be programmed so that scanning is auto-matically enabled when the channel is selected.4.11.3 RADIO WIDE SCANNINGNOTE: Use radio wide scanning only if two types of channels need to be scanned at the same time such as conventional and SMARTNET/SmartZone. Otherwise, use the more efficient standard scanning because there is less chance of missed calls.Radio wide scanning monitors the channels in the preprogrammed radio wide scan list. This scan list may contain up to 16 channels of any type assigned to any zone (see Section 4.12.2). Radio wide scanning is turned on and off by the RWS option switch as follows. If this switch is not programmed, radio wide scanning is not available. Scan Enable Indicator
RADIOWIDE FEATURES22•To turn radio wide scanning on, press the RWS option switch and “RSCN ON” is briefly displayed. In addition, is displayed the same as with standard scanning. •To turn radio wide scanning off, press the RWS option switch again and “RSCN OFF” is briefly displayed and is no longer displayed.•If the zone or channel is changed while radio wide scanning, scanning continues normally.4.11.4 SCAN HOLD TIMEWhen a message is received or transmitted while scanning, there is a delay before scanning resumes. The delay after receiving a call prevents another message from being received before a response can be made. The delay after transmitting a call ensures that a response is heard instead of another message occurring on some other channel. Separate delay times are programmable for radio wide and standard scanning. With radio wide and conventional standard scanning, delays of 0-7.5 seconds are programmable in 0.5-second steps. With SMARTNET/SmartZone and P25 Trunked standard scanning, a scan delay of 2-10 seconds can be programmed in 0.5-second steps. 4.11.5 TRANSMITTING IN THE SCAN MODEStandard Scan ModeWhen the transmitter is keyed while scanning is enabled, the transmission may occur on various channels as follows. Conventional Operation - Transmissions can be programmed to always occur on the priority, selected, or receive channel (if applicable). Refer to Section 5.11 for more information.SMARTNET/SmartZone/P25 Trunked Operation - If scanning is halted to receive a message, programming determines if transmis-sions occur on the selected or active channel. Transmissions at other times occur on the selected channel. Radio Wide Scan ModeThe radio can be programmed to transmit on the selected or active channel similar to SMARTNET/SmartZone and P25 trunked operation just described.4.11.6 NUISANCE CHANNEL DELETEWith standard scanning, channels can be tempo-rarily deleted from the scan list, for example, if messages become annoying. This feature is not avail-able with radio wide scanning. Channels can also be permanently added or deleted from a scan list as described in the next sections. Proceed as follows to temporarily delete a channel:NOTE: The selected channel and also conventional priority channels cannot be deleted from the scan list.1. While receiving a message on the channel to be deleted, press and hold the SCAN option switch until a tone sounds (approximately 2 seconds). 2. The channel is then deleted and scanning of the remaining channels in the scan list resumes.3. Deleted channels are added back into the scan list if any of the following events occur:•Scanning is turned off and then on again using the SCAN option switch.•Radio power is turned off and then on again.•The scan list is reselected by changing channels (SMARTNET/SmartZone) or using the SCAN option switch (conventional).4.12 SCAN LISTS4.12.1 STANDARD MODE SCAN LISTS GeneralNOTE: The selected channel is always scanned.A scan list is simply the channels that are scanned when scanning is enabled. With all operating modes, as many standard scan lists as are required can usually be programmed (up to 256). The only limitation is the available memory. Each list can include up to 256
RADIOWIDE FEATURES23channels/talk groups. More information follows on selecting and editing standard scan lists.Determining Channels in Standard Scan ListChannels in the conventional standard scan lists are determined as follows. Channels in the SMARTNET/SmartZone/P25 Trunked standard scan lists are indicated only when editing a list (see “Editing a Standard Scan List”).1. Enable Standard scanning as described in Section 4.11.2. Also select the scan list if applicable as described in the following “Selecting a Standard Scan List” description. 2. Select the desired zone and then scroll through the channels by rotating the Select switch. When the displayed channel is in the scan list (scanned normally), the symbol is displayed next to the zone number as shown in the following illustration.Selecting a Standard Scan ListNOTE: only standard scan lists are selectable.Conventional Operation - The scan list is user selectable by the SCAN option switch. Refer to Section 5.11 for more information.SMARTNET/SmartZone/P25 Trunked Operation - The scan list can be temporarily changed if the Scan (List) Select option switch is programmed. Refer to Section 6.12.3 for more information.Editing a Standard Scan ListIf the SCN ED (Scan Edit) option switch is programmed, standard scan lists can be user edited as follows (all operating modes). Changes are permanent (cycling power does not reselect a default condition).1. Make sure that both standard and radio wide scan-ning are off (the rotating icon is not indicated in the right status display). Select a conventional, SMARTNET/SmartZone/P25 Trunked channel corresponding to the scan list being edited.2. Select the scan list edit mode by pressing the SCN ED option switch. This mode is indicated by a triangle in the upper left corner of the display (see Figure 2-3 on page 11.). 3. If applicable, select the list to be edited by rotating and then pressing the Select switch. The selected scan list is indicated as “LIST x” as described in the preceding section. If user programming is disabled on a list (conventional channels only), “NO EDIT” is momentarily displayed and it cannot be edited.4. Select the channel you want to add or delete by rotating the Select switch. After the last channel in the current zone is displayed, the first valid channel in the next zone is displayed and vice versa. Lists are limited to 256 channels. If an attempt is made to add more than 256, “LIST FULL” is displayed and a channel must be deleted before another can be added.NOTE: Priority channels can be deleted.5. If the selected channel is in the scan list (scanned), the symbol is displayed next to the zone number as just described. To change the scan list status of the displayed channel, press the Select switch. With conventional channels only, if the selected scan list is programmed with fixed priority channel(s), the next press of the Select switch makes the current channel the priority channel indicated by “P” in the left status display next to the zone number. If dual priority channels are used, pressing the Select switch again makes it the second priority channel indicated by “2” in the left status display. Then pressing the Select switch again takes the channel out of the scan list. Refer to Sections 5.11.3 and 5.11.4 for more information on priority channel sampling.6. To exit this mode and save the changes, press the SCN ED option switch again.Scan List Indicator ChnlNo.
RADIOWIDE FEATURES244.12.2 RADIO WIDE SCAN LISTGeneralWith radio wide scanning, there is only one scan list available regardless of the type of channel selected. This list can include up to 16 channels of any type. For example, it could include six conventional channels and ten SMARTNET/SmartZone channels. More information on selecting and editing radio wide scan lists follows.Determining Channels in Radio Wide Scan ListThe channels in radio wide scan lists can be determined only by selecting the scan list edit mode (see “Editing Radio Wide Scan List” which follows).When the displayed channel is in the scan list (scanned normally), the symbol is displayed next to the zone number as shown in the following illustration.Editing a Radio Wide Scan ListIf the RWS ED option switch is programmed, the radio wide scan list can be edited. Changes are perma-nent (cycling power does not reselect a default condi-tion). Proceed as follows:1. Make sure that both standard and radio wide scan-ning are off (the rotating icon is not indicated in the right status display). Select the scan edit mode by pressing the RWS ED option switch. This mode is indicated by a triangle in the upper left corner of the display (see Figure 2-3 on page 11.). 2. Select the channel you want to add or delete by rotating the Select switch. After the last channel in the current zone is displayed, the first valid channel in the next zone is displayed and vice versa. Lists are limited to 16 channels. If an attempt is made to add more than 16, “LIST FULL” is displayed and a channel must be deleted before another can be added.3. If the selected channel is in the scan list (scanned), the symbol is displayed next to the zone number as just described. To change the scan list status of the displayed channel, press the Select switch. 4. To exit this mode and save the changes, press the RWS ED option switch again.Scan List Indicator ChnlNo.
25CONVENTIONAL FEATURESSECTION 5 CONVENTIONAL FEATURES5.1 INTRODUCTIONAn overview of the conventional operating mode is located in Section 3.7.2. The following information describes the features unique to analog and Project 25 (digital) conventional operation. Refer to the preceding “Radio Wide Features” section (Section 4) for information on features common to all operating modes.5.2 MONITORING BEFORE TRANSMITTINGWith conventional operation, you may need to manually monitor the channel before transmitting to make sure that it is not being used by someone else. If you were to transmit while someone else was using the channel, you would probably disrupt their conversa-tion. With SMARTNET/SmartZone and P25 Trunked operation, monitoring is performed automatically. Monitor conventional channels automatically or manually as follows:Automatic Channel MonitoringIf the selected channel is programmed for Busy Channel Lockout (also called Transmit Disable On Busy), monitoring is performed automatically. Refer to Section 5.4 for more information on this feature.Manual Channel MonitoringThe automatic monitoring just described may occasionally disable the transmitter when the channel is not in use, such as if the repeater has extended hang time. In this case, you may not want to use it and the channel must then be monitored manually as follows:Busy Indicator - With scanning disabled, note if the multi-function indicator on the front panel is steady green. If it is not, the channel is not being used and a call can be transmitted. If it is green, a carrier is being detected, so the channel may be busy (see following). Monitor Mode - There may be times when the busy indication is displayed even though no one is using the channel. Monitoring should then be performed by disabling Call Guard squelch (or group ID detect on P25 channels). This is usually done by selecting the Monitor Mode (see following) or by the Normal/Selective option switch (see Section 5.5.2). 5.3 MONITOR MODEThe monitor mode unsquelches the receiver and monitors the channel even if a carrier is not detected. Other features of this mode are as follows:•Call Guard (CTCSS/DCS) squelch is disabled on analog channels and NAC and group ID detect are disabled on P25 (conventional) channels. •Busy Channel Lockout is overridden (see next section)•Scanning temporarily halts The Monitor Mode operates as follows:1. To monitor the transmit frequency for activity before transmitting, briefly press the MON option switch. The display then indicates “MON” (see Figure 2-3 on page 11) and the receiver unsquelches. 2. To monitor the receive frequency instead, press and hold the MON option switch until a tone sounds (approximately 2 seconds). This can be used, for example, to improve reception if intermittent squelching is making a weak message difficult to understand.NOTE: If microphone off-hook detection is enabled, the opposite of the above occurs.3. To disable the monitor mode and return to normal operation, press the MON option switch again.If off-hook detection is enabled, taking the micro-phone off-hook monitors the receive frequency similar to step 2. However, the receiver unsquelches only if a carrier is detected (see Section 4.8). Pressing the SEL SQ option switch disables Call Guard squelch/P25 group ID detect but not scanning and P25 NAC detect (see Section 5.5).
CONVENTIONAL FEATURES265.4 BUSY CHANNEL LOCKOUTThe Busy Channel Lockout (also called Transmit Disable on Busy) feature automatically disables the transmitter if the channel is busy when the PTT switch is pressed. When the transmitter is disabled by this feature, “BUSY” is displayed, a busy tone sounds, and the transmitter is disabled.The Busy Channel Lockout feature can be programmed to operate as follows. Each conventional channel can be programmed differently.Off - Busy channel lockout is disabled and the trans-mitter keys even if the channel is busy.Noise - If a carrier is detected on the channel, the transmitter is disabled when the PTT switch is pressed.Tone (NAC) - If an incorrect Call Guard (CTCSS/DCS) or P25 NAC code (see Section 5.15.3) is detected, the transmitter is disabled when the PTT switch is pressed. An incorrect code is any code other than the one programmed for the current channel.If Busy Channel Override is permitted by programming, it is possible to transmit even when the transmitter is disabled by this feature. Simply release the PTT switch and then quickly press it again.5.5 CALL GUARD SQUELCH5.5.1 INTRODUCTIONTone or digital Call Guard squelch (also called CTCSS/DCS signaling) can be programmed on each conventional analog transmit and receive channel in any order desired. The reverse burst and turn-off code are always transmitted and also detected on channels programmed with Call Guard squelch. The Call Guard squelch feature eliminates distracting messages intended for others using the channel. This is done by using a subaudible tone or digital code to control the squelch. This tone or code is unique to a user or a group on that channel. This tone or code is transmitted with the voice signal but is not heard because it is in the subaudible range and is atten-uated by a filter. Call Guard squelch must be used in both the transmitting and receiving radio to be functional. 5.5.2 CALL GUARD SQUELCH ENABLE/DISABLEThe SEL SQ option switch (if programmed) can be used to disable receive Call Guard squelch on analog channels or group ID code detect on P25 chan-nels. When selective squelch is disabled, “SQ NORMAL” is flashed in the display, and when it is enabled, “SQ SELECT” is flashed. When “SQ NORMAL” is selected, the receiver unsquelches only if a carrier is detected, and scanning and P25 NAC detection are not disabled. The selected mode remains in effect until it is manually changed. Selecting another channel or cycling power does not reselect a default condition. 5.5.3 TONE CALL GUARD SQUELCHTone-type Call Guard squelch utilizes subaudible CTCSS tones from 67-254.1 Hz. Although there are 42 tones assigned, those above 33 (210.7 Hz) are normally not used because of their close proximity to the voice band which starts at 300 Hz. In addition, tones 11 (97.4 Hz), 39 (69.3 Hz), 40 (206.5 Hz), 41 229.1 Hz), and 42 (254.1 Hz) are normally not used because they may cause interference with adjacent tones.A reverse burst is transmitted when the push-to-talk switch is released and also detected when calls are received. It is a 180-degree phase reversal for a period of time determined by the tone frequency, and it elimi-nates the squelch tail (noise burst) in the receiving radio. Both the transmitting and receiving radio must be equipped with this feature for it to be utilized. 5.5.4 DIGITAL CALL GUARD SQUELCHDigital Call Guard squelch (DCS) uses digital data instead of subaudible tones to control the squelch. This data consists of continuous repetitions of 23-bit words. No bit or word synchronization information is used. When the push-to-talk switch is released, a turn-off code is transmitted which eliminates the squelch tail similar to the reverse burst. Although there are thousands of possible code combinations with 23 bits, only 83 are unique with the data scheme used. The number specified when the code is programmed is actually a seed for a special
CONVENTIONAL FEATURES27algorithm used to generate the 23-bit data word. The data is transmitted at a rate of 134.4 bits per second. Therefore, approximately six words are transmitted each second. When the data is decoded, 23-bit samples are taken and then the bits are rotated to determine if a valid code was received.5.5.5 SELECTIVE SQUELCH CODE SELECT (CTCSS/DSC/NAC)NOTE: Call Guard codes may be permanently repro-grammed by keypad programming (see Section 5.16).This feature allows the normal transmit and receive Call Guard (CTCSS/DCS/NAC) program-ming to be temporarily overridden with a code selected from a preprogrammed list. It is available if the SQ LIST option switch and a CTCSS/NAC code list have been programmed. In addition, with the Handheld Control Unit (HHC) only, conventional systems can be programmed for the Keypad CTCSS/DSC feature. Codes can then be selected directly from the table by pressing the key for the code. For example, to select code 3 from the table, simply press the “3” key. No other conventional mode functions can then be assigned to these keys. The CTCSS/DCS/NAC list is programmed with up to 64 tone (CTCSS) or digital (DCS) Call Guard codes. Different codes can be programmed for the transmit and receive modes, and carrier squelch (selec-tive squelch disabled) can be programmed if desired. In addition, each position can be programmed with an NAC code for use with P25 operation. When the Call Guard code is changed using this feature, it remains selected even if other channels are selected. However, if radio power is cycled or a talk-around channel is selected, the normal codes are rese-lected. When scanning, the selected code also applies to all scanned channels. If both analog and digital (Project 25) channels can be selected or scanned, the CTCSS/DCS code for the selected position is used for analog channels and the NAC code for the selected position is used for P25 channels. If a channel is programmed for mixed mode operation, the selective squelch type (analog or digital) programmed for the transmit mode determines the selective squelch type used. Proceed as follows to select a code using the SQ LIST option switch:1. Press the SQ LIST option switch and then rotate the Select switch to select the desired position. The display indicates “SEL SQ xx” where, “xx” is the selected code from 1-64.2. To select the displayed code and return to the normal display, press the Squelch Code Select switch again. 3. To check which code is selected, press the SQ LIST option switch once to display the current selection and then again to return to normal operation.4. To return to the normal selective squelch codes, select “DEFAULT” in this mode. As previously described, the normal codes are also automatically reselected whenever radio power is cycled or a talk-around channel is selected.5.6 PENALTY TIMERA penalty timer may be programmed on conven-tional systems to prevent transmissions for the programmed time after the time-out timer disables the transmitter (see Section 4.2). The penalty timer can be programmed for the same times as the time-out timer, and timing starts when the PTT switch is released. If the PTT switch is pressed during the penalty time, the time-out indication occurs again and the transmitter remains disabled. When the penalty timer expires, a beep sounds and the transmitter can then be keyed.5.7 CONVERSATION TIMERA conversation timer can be programmed on conventional systems in addition to the time-out timer (see Section 4.2). This timer limits that total length of a conversation rather than just the length of each trans-mission as with the time-out timer. The following is more information on this timer.•It can be programmed for times up to 7.5 minutes.•It is reset when the time between transmissions exceeds the time programmed for the penalty timer.•A warning beep sounds 5 seconds before this timer disables the transmitter.
CONVENTIONAL FEATURES28•When this timer disables the transmitter, a contin-uous tone sounds and the red transmit indicator turns off. The PTT switch must then be released until the penalty timer expires (indicated by a beep).5.8 REPEATER TALK-AROUNDNormally, all transmissions go through a repeater which usually increases range. However, there may be times when a mobile is out of range of the repeater and therefore unable to talk to anyone even though the mobile being called is only a short distance away. To allow communication in this situation, repeater talk-around can be selected. Transmissions then occur on the receive frequency which permits direct mobile-to-mobile communication.Repeater talk-around can be selected if the RTA option switch is programmed. When talk-around is enabled by this switch, “RTA ON” is flashed in the display, and when it is disabled, “RTA OFF” is flashed. This feature remains enabled during scanning, and changing channels or turning power off does not change the selected condition. Talk-around is available on conventional channels only.5.9 DISPLAYING TRANSMIT/RECEIVE FRE-QUENCYIf the DISP option switch is programmed, it can be used to display the channel frequency in megahertz. Pressing this switch toggles between displaying the standard channel alias and the frequency. The receive frequency is displayed while receiving and the transmit frequency is displayed while transmitting. This feature is available on conventional channels only.5.10 EMERGENCY ALARM AND CALL5.10.1 INTRODUCTIONEmergency Alarms and Calls are separate func-tions that can be individually enabled or disabled on each analog and P25 conventional system. The Emer-gency option switch is required for these functions. Emergency Alarms and Calls are transmitted on the global (radio wide) emergency zone/channel if one is programmed. If it is not programmed, the emergency is transmitted on the selected channel. The emergency programming of the system to which that channel is linked controls the emergency operation.5.10.2 EMERGENCY ALARMSAn emergency alarm is a special transmission that alerts a dispatcher of an emergency situation. It is sent automatically by simply pressing Emergency option switch. The system to which the emergency channel is linked must have Emergency Alarms enabled. If not, Emergency Alarms are disabled. In the P25 conventional mode, a special P25 emergency data transmission is sent, and in the conventional analog mode, an DTMF emergency ID is sent. This ID is programmed on the Conventional Radio Wide screen. Proceed as follows to send an emergency alarm: 1. If required, select a channel of a system on which Emergency Alarms are enabled and then press the EMER option switch. The radio then automatically transmits the emergency alarm.2. Either Normal or Silent operation can be programmed. With the Normal mode, the red LED lights, the emergency tone sounds, and “EMERGNCY” flashes in the display. This indica-tion continues to flash until the alarm mode is ended (see step 4). If silent programmed or the Surveil-lance mode is selected (see Section 4.9), none of these indications occur. 3. When the emergency alarm is acknowledged by the dispatcher, “ACK RCVD” is briefly displayed and the emergency acknowledge tone (two beeps) sounds. This alert tone can be disabled if desired, and neither occur if Silent operation is programmed. 4. The emergency alarm mode is exited when radio power is cycled, the channel is changed, or by pressing and holding the Emergency option switch.
CONVENTIONAL FEATURES295.10.3 EMERGENCY CALLSGeneralThe Emergency Call feature allows a user to place an emergency voice call by pressing the PTT switch after pressing the Emergency option button. If the Emergency Hot Mic feature is enabled, the emer-gency call is automatically transmitted without having to press the PTT switch (see following description). The system to which the emergency channel is linked must have Emergency Calls enabled. Analog and Digital (P25) calls can be individually enabled.If the emergency call is sent on a P25 channel, an emergency indication is sent according to the P25 standard (the emergency bit is set in the Common Air Interface). If it is sent on an analog channel, the DTMF Emergency ID is sent in place of the ANI DTMF PTT ID if applicable. NOTE: The DTMF Emergency ID is sent only if pre- or post- DTMF ANI is enabled on the channel by programming.Emergency Hot MicIf Emergency Hot Mic has been enabled for emergency calls, automatic transmitting occurs with microphone audio unmuted without having to manu-ally press the PTT switch. The automatic transmit period is programmed for 10-120 seconds in 10-second intervals. If this feature or emergency calls are not enabled by programming, automatic transmitting does not occur. This feature is initiated only on the first press of the Emergency switch. Subsequent presses do not trigger automatic transmissions. To reset this function, the channel must be changed or power cycled.Placing an Emergency Call1. If required, select a channel of a system on which Emergency Calls are enabled and press the EMER option switch. The Emergency Alarm is then sent as described in Section 5.10.2 if applicable.2. If the preceding Emergency Hot Mic feature is enabled, the call is automatically transmitted without pressing the PTT switch. If it is disabled, press the PTT switch and begin speaking as with a standard call. If the channel is changed, operation continues on the new channel in the emergency mode.3. With analog calls, subsequent presses of the PTT switch cause the DTMF emergency ID to be sent according to the ANI programming (if DTMF ANI is enabled on the channel). With digital calls, the calls continue to have the emergency bit set.4. If the Surveillance Mode is enabled (see Section 4.9), all indicators, lights, and tones are disabled.5. To exit this mode, cycle radio power, change chan-nels, or press and hold the Emergency switch.5.11 CONVENTIONAL MODE SCANNING5.11.1 GENERALChannel scanning features common to all oper-ating modes are described in Sections 4.11 and 4.12. The following information describes features unique to conventional operation.5.11.2 SELECTING A SCAN LISTConventional mode scan lists are selected by repeatedly pressing the SCAN option switch. For example, if three scan lists are programmed, the first press of the Scan switch activates scanning and scan list 1, the second press activates scan list 2, the third press activates scan list 3, and the fourth press disables scanning and then the cycle repeats. The currently selected scan list is flashed in the display as “SCAN LIST x”, where “x” is the scan list number. Scanning is disabled when “SCAN OFF” is displayed and the scanning indicator turns off.5.11.3 TRANSMITTING IN SCAN MODEEach conventional scan list can be programmed for one of the following modes. These modes deter-mine if priority sampling occurs and also the channel on which transmissions occur while scanning. Refer to the next section for more information on priority sampling.
CONVENTIONAL FEATURES30No Priority - No priority channel sampling occurs when the list is selected. The radio transmits on the selected channel.Priority/Tx Selected - Priority sampling occurs and the priority channel or channels are those programmed in the selected scan list. The radio transmits on the selected channel.Priority/Tx Priority (1) - Priority sampling occurs and the priority channel or channels are those programmed in the selected scan list. The radio trans-mits on the priority (1) channel.Priority (1) on Selected - The priority (1) channel is always the selected channel. The radio transmits on the selected channel. Talkback - No priority sampling occurs. The radio transmits on the channel of a call while scanning is halted. Then once scanning resumes, it transmits on the selected channel.5.11.4 PRIORITY CHANNEL SAMPLINGNOTE: The following describes priority sampling when scanning conventional channels. Priority sampling when scanning SMARTNET/SmartZone/P25 Trunked channels is described in Section 6.12.2.GeneralThe priority channel sampling feature ensures that when standard scanning, messages on the priority channel are not missed while listening to a message on some other channel. The radio can be programmed as just described so that the priority channel is a fixed channel programmed in the current scan list, the currently selected channel, or not used.NOTE: Priority channel sampling is not available when receiving analog encrypted (DES/DES-XL) calls. In addition, the priority channel is not scanned if the active channel is an analog channel on the same frequency as the priority channel and is programmed with CTCSS/DCS squelch control.Either a single or dual priority channels can be programmed if desired. With dual priority, a call on the second priority channel is interrupted by a call on the first priority channel but not vice versa. When scanning and the selected channel is a single or first priority channel, “P” is indicated in the left status display next to the zone number as follows:This indication is displayed regardless of whether the priority channel is fixed or always the selected channel. When the second priority channel is displayed, “2” is indicated instead. The priority channel sampling frequency is deter-mined by the programmed Priority Lookback Time A (see description which follows). For example, if 2.0 seconds is programmed, the priority channel is sampled every 2.0 seconds when listening to a message on a non-priority channel. When not listening to a message, the priority channels are scanned in the normal scan sequence. With dual priority, the first and second priority channels are alternately sampled at the Loopback Time.Priority channel sampling occurs only with stan-dard conventional scanning. It does not occur with radio-wide scanning, when listening to any type of SMARTNET/SmartZone/P25 conventional or trunked call, encrypted call, or when transmitting. A series of “ticks” may be heard when the priority channel is sampled while listening to a message on some other conventional channel. The priority sampling times are programmed by the following parameters:Lookback Time A - This time determines how often the priority channel is checked for activity. Times of 0.25-4.00 seconds in 0.25-second steps can be programmed.Lookback Time B - This time determines how often the priority channel is checked once an incorrect Call Guard (CTCSS/DCS) or NAC code is detected. Since it takes much longer to detect an incorrect Call Guard signal than a carrier, this time should be relatively long Priority Indicator
CONVENTIONAL FEATURES31to prevent the interruptions from making a message difficult to understand. Times of 0.5-8.0 seconds can be programmed in 0.5-second steps.Changing The Priority ChannelIf a fixed priority channel is associated with the current scan list, it can be changed to another channel if the PRI ED option switch is programmed. With dual priority, this changes only the first priority channel. To change both priority channels, use the Scan List Edit function described in Section 4.12.1. Proceed as follows to change a priority channel using the PRI ED option switch:1. Make sure that both standard and radio wide scan-ning are off (the rotating icon is not indicated in the right status display).2. Select the channel that you want to be the priority channel using the Select switch in the normal manner. If the channel is in a different zone, also select the appropriate zone.3. Press the PRI ED option switch and “Priority” is briefly displayed to indicate that the selected channel is now the priority channel. Other indica-tions that may occur are as follows:•If “No Priority” is displayed, priority sampling may not be enabled on the scan list.•If “Sel Chan” is displayed, the priority channel is always the selected channel and cannot be changed.•If no indication displayed, the scan list may not be user editable or the channel may not be in the scan list. 5.12 STANDARD CONVENTIONAL CALLSStandard conventional calls can be placed to other mobile units monitoring the selected channel. The proper coded Call Guard squelch tone or code or P25 NAC may need to be transmitted by your radio for them to receive your call (see Sections 5.5 and 5.15.3).Placing a Standard Conventional Call1. Turn power on and set the volume as described in Section 3.1 on page 13. Select the channel programmed for the mobile you want to call (see Section 3.4.2 on page 14).2. Monitor the channel automatically or manually as described in Section 5.2 on page 25.3. Press the PTT switch and if the Busy Channel Lockout feature is programmed on the channel, the transmitter is automatically disabled if the channel is busy (see Section 5.4). Otherwise, busy and out-of-range conditions are not indicated and speaking can begin after monitoring the channel. 4. Press (and hold) the PTT switch to talk and release it to listen. When the call is finished, place the microphone back on-hook.Receiving a Standard Conventional Call1. Select or scan the channel programmed for the call you want to receive (refer to Section 5.11 for more scanning information).2. When the call is received, take the microphone off-hook and press the PTT switch to talk and release it to listen. If scanning, responses may occur on the priority, selected, or receive channel as described in Section 5.11.3. 3. When the call is finished, place the microphone back on-hook. 5.13 DTMF/ANI SIGNALINGDTMF (Dual Tone Multi-Frequency) tones can be generated for ANI (Automatic Number Identifica-tion) and other purposes on conventional analog channels. One of the following options may be enabled on each channel:Pre-Tx ANI - A preprogrammed ANI sequence is automatically sent each time the PTT switch is pressed.Post-Tx ANI - A preprogrammed ANI sequence is automatically sent each time the PTT switch is released.
CONVENTIONAL FEATURES325.14 SINGLE TONE ENCODERThis feature is not available with the 4300 mobile. It is available with the 4100 portable only.5.15 PROJECT 25 MODE FEATURESNOTE: The following features are unique to conven-tional P25 channels.5.15.1 UNIT ID CODEEach radio that operates on Project 25 (digital) channels is programmed with an eight-digit unit ID. This ID is unique for each radio and can be any number from 1-16,777,216. When power is turned on with a Project 25 channel selected, this ID is briefly displayed.5.15.2 GROUP ID CODEEach Project 25 channel is programmed with a group ID that determines which group of mobiles will receive the call. A call is received on a channel if a selected or scanned channel is programmed with that ID and the correct NAC is detected (see following). Group IDs can be any number from 0-65,535. Group ID detect can be disabled by the Normal/Selective squelch function described in Section 5.5 and the Monitor Mode described in Section 5.3.5.15.3 NETWORK ACCESS CODE (NAC)Project 25 conventional channels also use a NAC (Network Access Code) to control which calls are received on a channel. The NAC can be 0-4095, and each transmit and receive channel can be programmed for a different code. Other operation, such as moni-toring before transmitting, is similar to that of analog channels. NAC (and group ID) detect can be disabled by the monitor mode described in Section 5.3.5.15.4 P25 GROUP CALLSGeneralP25 Group calls are placed by simply selecting the channel programmed for the desired group, moni-toring the channel if required, and transmitting. When a P25 group call is received, the alias (or frequency) of the selected channel is displayed. The radio can be programmed so that the following are also displayed for 0.5-7.0 seconds or continuously during the call. P25 PTT ID - The unit ID of the mobile placing the call is displayed.P25 Talk Group - The alias of the talk group on which the call is being received is displayed.User Group ID - If the group ID of the call being received is included in a preprogrammed User Group ID list, the alias programmed in that list for that group is displayed. Changing Talk Group Assigned To a ChannelIf the TG SEL option switch is programmed, the talk group assigned to a channel can be changed by the user. The new talk group continues to be assigned to the channel until it is manually changed again (cycling power or selecting another channel does not reselect a default talk group). Change the talk group assigned to a channel as follows:1. Select the channel to be changed and then press the TG SEL option switch.2. Rotate the Select switch to display the talk group to be assigned to that channel. Talk groups are indi-cated by a unique identification in the alphanumeric display.3. To select that talk group and return to normal oper-ation, press the TG SEL switch again or press the Select switch. If talk group selection has been disabled on the channel by programming, the talk group does not change, “NO LIST” is displayed, and a tone sounds.5.15.5 P25 UNIT CALLSUnit calls (also called Individual Calls) can be placed to a specific radio on Project 25 channels If the CALL option switch is programmed. Only the indi-vidual ID of the target radio is sent (a talk group ID is not sent). The mobiles that can be called are prepro-grammed in the Unit Call list. To receive a unit call, the RF channel of the call must be selected or scanned and the correct NAC and unit ID must be detected. The ID of the calling radio is
CONVENTIONAL FEATURES33then transmitted back. To respond to the call, the radio must be programmed with the CALL option switch, and have a Unit Call programmed with the ID of the calling mobile. Place and receive a Unit Call as follows:1. To transmit a unit call, press the CALL option switch. The alias (tag) of the last Unit Call is displayed.2. If required, rotate the Select switch to display the desired call. The alias and ID of the unit calls that have been programmed are alternately displayed.3. Press and then release the PTT switch. Ringing is then heard and “WAIT” displayed to indicate that the mobile is being rung. To disable this ringing but not the call, briefly press the PTT switch again. Ringing occurs for 20 seconds or until the call is answered, whichever occurs first.4. When a unit ID call is received, two beeps sound (if tones are enabled), and “Call Rcvd” and the alias of the Unit ID are alternately flashed. 5. To respond, select the Unit Call mode by pressing the CALL option key. The following operation then occurs:•If a unit call has been programmed with the ID of the calling mobile, it is automatically selected. A response can then be made without changing the selected channel.•If no Unit Call has been programmed with the ID of the calling mobile, a response cannot be made in this mode.•If the call timer times out (set by programming) or the channel is changed before a response is made, the unit call mode is exited. 5.15.6 CALL ALERTGeneralThe Call Alert™ feature allows pages to be sent and received on P25 conventional channels. Opera-tion is similar to SMARTNET/SmartZone and P25 Trunked channels.Answering a Page1. When a page is received, five beeps sound and “PAGE” is displayed. The ID of the mobile paging you is stored as the last ID received.2. To clear or ignore the page, press any option switch. If the PTT switch is pressed, a group call is placed on the selected channel.3. To answer the page as a unit call (see Section 5.15.5), press the CALL (Private/Unit) option switch and the alias of the mobile paging you is displayed. Press the PTT switch and respond. One of the following conditions then occur:•If the mobile being called is on the air, ringing is heard until the called party answers or for 20 seconds, whichever occurs first. If no answer occurs within 20 seconds, a continuous tone sounds and “NO ANS” is displayed.•If the mobile being called is not on the air, a continuous tone is heard instead of ringing and “NO ACK” is displayed.4. When the call is finished or if it could not be completed for some reason, end it by pressing the Unit Call option switch or the F1 (Exit) key. Initiating a Page1. With a P25 conventional channel selected, momen-tarily press the ALERT (Call Alert) option switch. The alias of the last ID called is displayed.2. If required, rotate the Select switch to display the desired mobile. The alias of each number is displayed. 3. Press the PTT switch and one of the following occur:•If five beeps sound, the system received the page and the paged mobile is on the air and received it. The page mode is automatically exited.
CONVENTIONAL FEATURES34•If the system received the page but the called mobile is not on the air, a single beep sounds and “NO ACK” is displayed 6 seconds after the PTT switch is pressed. Auto exit then occurs.5.15.7 MESSAGINGThe messaging feature allows preprogrammed messages to be sent to a dispatcher on P25 channels. Up to 16 messages can be preprogrammed, and they are identified by an alias. If a MSG (Message) option switch is programmed, messages are sent as follows:1. Momentarily press the MSG option switch. The alias of the last message sent is displayed.2. If required, rotate the Select switch to display the desired message. Then send the message by momentarily pressing the PTT or Select switch. One of the following events then occurs:•If five beeps sound and “ACK RECVD” is displayed, the message was received and automat-ically acknowledged by the system.•If after five tries the message is not acknowledged, a tone sounds and “NO ACK” is displayed. 5.15.8 STATUS MESSAGINGThe status messaging feature allows you to manu-ally or automatically send your current status to your dispatcher on P25 channels. Up to eight status condi-tions can be preprogrammed, and they are identified by an alias. If the STATUS option switch is programmed, status conditions are sent as follows:1. Momentarily press the STATUS option switch. The alias of the current status condition is displayed.2. To change the current status, rotate the Select switch until the desired status is displayed. Then to send the status, momentarily press the PTT switch. One of the following events then occurs:•If five beeps sound and “ACK RCVD” is displayed, the status was received and acknowl-edged by the system.•If after five tries the message is not acknowledged, a tone sounds and “NO ACK” is displayed. 5.15.9 P25 PACKET DATAP25 packet data transmission capability is avail-able with later model 4300 mobiles. A DATA option switch must be programmed to toggle the data mode on and off. The P25 Packet Data mode allows a subscriber unit to act as a packet data modem for a remote appli-cation connected to the subscriber unit via an RS-232 or SLIP (Serial Line Internet Protocol) connection. The SLIP connection requires an Ethernet port which is currently not available.A special Data Pigtail Cable, Part No. 597-2002-282, is installed in the radio to provide the RS-232 port (female DB9 connector) for connecting the external data equipment to the 4300 mobile. 5.16 KEYPAD PROGRAMMINGNOTE: The Keypad programming feature is available to Federal Government users only. Users regulated by the Federal Communications Commission are not allowed to have this feature. 5.16.1 INTRODUCTIONKeypad programming is available on Federal radios if the PROG option switch is programmed. It is then selected by simply pressing that switch (password entry is not required). The keypad programming mode is indicated by “CHNG ZONE” and a triangle in the display as follows:Keypad programming allows conventional channel parameters such as the transmit and receive frequency and Call Guard squelch code to be changed. In addition, several conventional mode timers can be changed. It cannot be used to reprogram disabled channels or any SMARTNET/SmartZone/P25 Trunked information.
CONVENTIONAL FEATURES355.16.2 MENU STRUCTUREA menu system is used to select parameters in the keypad programming mode. A flowchart showing the keypad programming mode menu structure is located in Figure 5-1. When the keypad programming mode is selected by the PROG option switch, “CHNG ZONE” is displayed as just described. Rotate and press the Select switch to scroll through and select the available parameters which are as follows. •CHNG ZONE •CHNG CHAN •SYS PARMS •CHAN PARMS Press the Select switch to select the displayed parameter. Pressing the PROG option switch from one of the main menus exits keypad programming. Pressing it from other menus returns to the previous menu. Refer to the descriptions which follow for more information.Figure 5-1 4300 Keypad Programming Menu Flowchart5.16.3 ZONE PASSWORDNOTE: Make sure that the zone password(s) are not lost because they cannot be overridden in the field. The PCConfigure software must be used to display the lost password or program a new password.Each zone can be programmed with a password by the PCConfigure software to prevent unauthorized reprogramming of zone by keypad programming. When this password is programmed, it must be entered before system or channel parameters in that zone can be changed by keypad programming. The zone pass-word is programmed in the Zones > Edit Zone screen of the PCConfigure programmer. This screen is displayed by clicking the Edit Zone button. A different password can be programmed for each zone. When an attempt is made to select a system or channel parameter in a password protected zone, “PASSWORD” is flashed. The password is always eight digits long and is entered using the same proce-dure as used for the power-up password described in Section 3.2. After the password is entered, system and channel parameters for that zone can be reprogrammed normally.5.16.4 ZONE CHANGE PARAMETERThe “CHNG ZONE” menu parameter selects the zone containing the conventional channel to be repro-grammed. It does not change the zone selected for normal operation. Press the Select switch to select the “CHNG ZONE” parameter and then scroll through the programmed zones by rotating that switch. When the desired zone is displayed, select it by pressing the Select switch.5.16.5 CHANNEL CHANGE PARAMETERThe “CHNG CHAN” menu parameter selects the conventional channel to be reprogrammed. Disabled or P25 Trunked/SMARTNET/SmartZone channels cannot be selected. This does not change the channel selected for normal operation.Press the Select switch to display “CHAN CHG” and then scroll through the programmed channels by rotating that switch. When the desired channel is displayed, select it by pressing the Select switch. 5.16.6 SYSTEM PARAMETERSNOTE: If “PASSWORD” is briefly displayed when attempting to select a parameter, see Section 5.16.3. The “SYS PARMS” menu parameter selects the conventional mode timer to be reprogrammed (see following). Press the Select switch to select “SYS Change ChangeChannelZoneSystem ParametersChannelParametersSelectZone SelectChannelScan Hold TimerTx (Time-Out) TimerPenalty TimerConver. TimerRx FreqTx FreqRx Code/NACTx Code/NACTx PowerTx Timer On-OffSquelch Adj*Ch Spacing*Tlk Grp ID Sel*** Analog only ** Digital onlyTx Type Sel****** Mixed Mode Ch Only
CONVENTIONAL FEATURES36PARMS” and then rotate that switch to display the desired parameter. Then press the Select switch again to select it. SCAN TIMER - Selects the Scan Hold timer. Rotate the Select switch to decrement/increment the timer in 0.5-second steps (“0” disables it). When the desired value is displayed, store it by pressing the Select switch.TX TIMER - Selects the transmit time-out timer. Rotate the Select switch to decrement/increment the timer in 15-second steps (“0” disables it). When the desired value is displayed, store it by pressing the Select switch.PEN TIMER - Selects the penalty timer. Rotate the Select switch to decrement/increment the timer in 15-second steps (“0” disables it). When the desired value is displayed, store it by pressing the Select switch.CONV TIMER - Selects the conversation timer. Rotate the Select switch to decrement/increment the timer in 30-second steps (“0” disables it). When the desired value is displayed, store it by pressing the Select switch.5.16.7 CHANNEL PARAMETERSNOTE: If “PASSWORD” is briefly displayed when attempting to select a parameter, see Section 5.16.3. The “CHAN PARMS” menu parameter selects the following conventional channel parameters that can be reprogrammed. Press Select switch to select the “CHAN PARMS” parameter and then rotate that switch to display the desired parameter. Then press the Select switch again to select it. The squelch control parameters are unique to the type of conventional channel selected (analog or Project 25).NOTE: If a mixed mode channel is selected, both the Rx Code (analog) and Rx NAC (P25) can be programmed. In addition, if the Tx Type is Analog, a Tx Code is programmed, and if it is Digital (P25), a Tx NAC is programmed.RX FREQ - Programs the receive channel frequency. To select the digit to change or move the cursor to the right, press the Select switch. Then to display the desired digit, rotate the Select switch. The frequency is stored after programming the last digit. If an invalid frequency is entered, a beep sounds, “INVALID” is briefly displayed, and the frequency editing mode continues to be selected.TX FREQ - Selects the transmit frequency the same the preceding RX FREQ.CTCSS/DCS Squelch Control (Analog Channel)RX CODE - Sets the receive Call Guard (CTCSS/DCS) code. Rotate the Select switch to select the desired type (CTCSS and DCS). Then press and rotate the Select switch to select the desired code. The displayed code is stored after the last digit is programmed. If an invalid code is entered, a beep sounds, “INVALID” is briefly displayed, and the editing mode continues to be selected.TX CODE - Selects the transmit codes the same as RX CODE above. NAC Squelch Control (Project 25 Channel)RX NAC - Selects the Network Access Code (NAC) which can be any number from 0-4095. Rotate and press the Select switch to enter the desired code. The displayed code is stored after the last digit is programmed. If an invalid code is entered, a beep sounds, “INVALID” is briefly displayed, and the NAC editing mode continues to be selected.TX NAC - Selects the transmit NAC the same as RX NAC above. TX POWER - Selects the desired power output level. Rotate the Select switch to scroll through the following choices. When the desired setting is displayed, store it by pressing the Select switch.•POWER HI - High transmit power•POWER LO - Low transmit power•POWER SW - Switchable power selectable by the High/Low power switch. This choice is not available if that switch is not programmed.TX TIMER - Enables or disables the time-out timer on the current channel. Rotate the Select switch to toggle between the on and off mode, and when the
CONVENTIONAL FEATURES37desired setting is displayed, store it by pressing the Select switch.CHAN SPC (Analog Only) - Selects either wide or narrow band channel spacing on analog channels only. Rotate the Select switch to toggle between “WIDE” and “NARROW”, and when the desired setting is displayed, store it by pressing the Select switch.SQ ADJUST (Analog Only) - Changes the preset squelch setting on that channel. The default setting is “0” and values of –7 to +7 can be selected. Increasing this setting toward +7 causes the squelch to open sooner so that weaker signals can be received, and decreasing it toward –7 causes the opposite to occur.NOTE: The channel spacing is not set with P25 chan-nels because it is always narrow, and the squelch cannot be changed because the setting is critical for proper receiver operation.TG ID (P25 Only) - Selects the talk group for the selected channel. Rotate the Select switch to display the alias of each preprogrammed talk group and then press it to store the desired talk group.Transmit Type (P25 Mixed Mode Only) - If the selected channel is a mixed mode, analog and P25 channel, this selects the transmit type. Either Analog or Digital (P25) can be selected. This then determines if a Tx Code or Tx NAC is programmed above.
38SMARTNET/SMARTZONE/P25 TRUNKED FEATURESSECTION 6 SMARTNET/SMARTZONE/P25 TRUNKED FEATURES6.1 INTRODUCTIONAn overview of the SMARTNET/SmartZone and P25 trunked operating modes is located in Section 3.7. The following information describes the features unique to these modes of operation. Refer to the “Radio Wide Features” section starting on page 18 for information on features common to all operating modes.6.2 ANALOG AND DIGITAL OPERATIONEither analog or digital operation can be selected for communication on SMARTNET traffic channels. Each talk group can be programmed for either type of operation. Digital operation may be an optional feature.6.3 VIEWING UNIT IDWhen power is turned on with a SMARTNET/SmartZone channel selected, the five-digit Unit ID from 1-65,535 is briefly displayed as IDxxxxx. When a P25 channel selected, the eight-digit unit ID from 1-16,777,216 is displayed (see Section 5.15.1).6.4 STANDARD GROUP CALLS6.4.1 INTRODUCTIONStandard calls are between you and another mobile, group of mobiles, or a control station (a radio in a fixed location). Most calls are probably this type. Proceed as follows to place and receive group calls: 6.4.2 PLACING A STANDARD GROUP CALL1. Turn power on and set the volume as described in Section 3.1. Select the channel programmed for the talk group you want to call (see Section 3.4.2). 2. If the talk group is programmed for encryption and is not strapped to Clear or Coded, select the desired mode by pressing the C/S (Clear/Secure) option switch. The status of that switch is ignored if the talk group is strapped to Clear or Coded. Refer to Section 10.3 for more information.3. Press the PTT switch and begin talking. An optional talk permit tone may sound to indicate when talking can begin. Other indications that may occur are as follows:•If in the secure mode and your radio is not programmed with the proper encryption key, “KEYFAIL” is displayed and the call must be made in the clear mode or the proper key must be programmed.•If the busy tone sounds and “BUSY” is displayed, the system is busy. Release the PTT switch and wait for the call back tone to sound. Then press the PTT switch within 3 seconds.•If a continuous tone sounds and “NO SYS” is displayed, you may be out-of-range. Drive closer or away from shielding objects and try again.•If your unit ID is invalid, the call is being made to an invalid group ID, or group calls are not enabled, “DISABLED ID” is displayed and an alert tone sounds.•If an attempt is made to change an analog channel from the clear to the secure mode and there is no available secure channel, “NO SEC” is flashed, an error tone sounds, and the call is terminated.•If an attempt is made to change an analog channel from the secure to clear mode, “SEC ONLY” is displayed, an error tone sounds, and the call is terminated. (Calls on digital channels can be changed if they are not strapped to clear or secure).•If the Secure mode is selected by the C/S (Clear/Secure) option switch and an attempt is made to transmit on a channel strapped as Clear, “Clear Only” is displayed and the transmitter is disabled. Likewise, if the Clear mode is selected and the channel is strapped as secure, “Secure Only” is displayed and the transmitter is disabled.6.4.3 RECEIVING A STANDARD GROUP CALLCalls are received on only the talk group and/or announcement group programmed for the selected
SMARTNET/SMARTZONE/P25 TRUNKED FEATURES39channel (with scanning disabled). When the selected channel is programmed with both Talk and Announce-ment groups, only the Talk and Announcement group IDs are detected. Other IDs in the Announcement group are detected only if no talk group is programmed. When a group call is received, the alias of the selected channel is displayed. The radio can be programmed so that the following are also displayed for 0.5-7.0 seconds or continuously during the call. PTT ID- The unit ID of the mobile placing the call is displayed.TG on Rx - The alias of the talk group on which the call is being received is displayed.User Group ID - If the group ID of the call being received is included in a preprogrammed User Group ID list, the alias programmed in that list for that group is displayed. 6.5 PRIVATE (UNIT-TO-UNIT) CALLSNOTE: With P25 Trunked operation, these calls are called Unit Calls, and they function the same as the Enhanced Private Conversation mode described in the following information.6.5.1 GENERALPrivate calls allow calls to be placed to a specific mobile unit. Either the Enhanced Private Conversa-tion™ or standard Private Conversation modes may be programmed depending on the capabilities of the radio system. One difference between these call types is that the Enhanced type provides an indication that the called mobile is not on the air and the standard version does not. Operation in each of these modes is described in the following information.The CALL option switch is required to place these calls, and either that switch or the RESP (Response) switch is required to receive them. Private calls are programmed to operate in one of the following modes:•Disabled•Response-only capability•List only - Unit IDs can be selected from a prepro-grammed list only (direct entry using the keypad is not allowed)•Unlimited - With the Handheld Control Unit (HHC) only, Unit IDs can be selected from a list and also entered directly using the keypad (future availability).6.5.2 PLACING AN ENHANCED PRIVATE CON-VERSATION CALL Recalling From A List1. Momentarily press the CALL (Private/Unit Call) option switch. The tag (alias) of the last called mobile is displayed.2. To select another mobile, rotate the Select switch until the alias for the desired mobile is displayed. 3. Press the PTT switch and one of the following events then occurs:•If the mobile being called is on the air, “WAIT” is displayed and ringing is heard until the called party answers or for 20 seconds, whichever occurs first. Pressing the PTT or an option switch stops the ringing but not the call. When the call is answered, the voice of the called party is heard.•If the called mobile does not answer within 20 seconds, a continuous tone sounds and “NO ANS” is displayed. •If the called mobile is not on the air, a continuous tone sounds instead of the ringing tone and “NO ACK” is displayed. •If the busy tone sounds and “BUSY” is displayed, the called mobile has answered the call but the system is busy. When the system is no longer busy, the call back tone sounds.•If your radio or the called radio is inhibited or not programmed to make this type of call or for the requested secure mode, “RSPNS ONLY” is displayed and an alert tone sounds.•If your radio does not have the proper encryption key, “KEYFAIL” is displayed and the call must be
SMARTNET/SMARTZONE/P25 TRUNKED FEATURES40made in the clear mode by pressing the C/S (Clear/Secure) option switch (if encryption is selectable on the channel). Otherwise, the correct key must be loaded. 4. When the call is finished or is not answered, end it by pressing the CALL option switch and placing the microphone back on-hook.6.5.3 PLACING A STANDARD PRIVATE CON-VERSATION CALLRecalling From A List1. Momentarily press the CALL (Private Call) option switch. The tag (alias) of the last called mobile is displayed.2. To select another mobile, rotate the Select switch until the tag for the desired mobile is displayed. 3. Press the PTT switch and one of the following events then occurs:•The called party answers the call.•The called party does not answer. Press the CALL option switch to end the call.•If the selected mobile ID is not valid, “INVALID ID” is displayed and an alert tone sounds.•If the radio system is busy, four low tones sound and “BUSY” is displayed. When the system is no longer busy, the call back tone (four beeps) is heard and the channel is automatically acquired. Press the PTT switch to continue the call.•If the call is in the secure mode and your radio does not have the proper encryption key, “KEYFAIL” is displayed and the call must be made in the clear mode by pressing the C/S (Clear/Secure) option switch (if encryption is selectable on the channel). Otherwise, the correct key must be loaded.4. When the call is finished or if it is not answered, end it by pressing the CALL option switch and placing the microphone on-hook.6.5.4 RECEIVING A PRIVATE CALL (ALL TYPES)1. When a private call or unit call is received, “CALL RCVD” is displayed and the call tone sounds once. 2. To answer the call, press the CALL (Private/Unit Call) option switch and then the PTT switch and begin speaking. The unit ID of the calling mobile is displayed. More information follows:•If the PTT switch is pressed before the CALL switch, the call is transmitted as a group call.•If private calls are not permitted (CALL switch not programmed) press the RESP (Call Response) option switch to respond.•The call must be answered within 20 seconds or it is automatically terminated.•If the system is busy when a response is made, “BUSY” is displayed and the busy tone sounds.6.6 TELEPHONE CALLSNOTE: Telephone calls are currently not available in the P25 Trunked mode. 6.6.1 GENERALThe telephone call feature allows telephone calls to be placed and received over the public telephone system using your radio. The type of call (secure/clear) is determined by the mode selected by the C/S (Clear/Secure) option switch. Telephone calling is programmed to operate in one of the following modes:•Disabled (telephone calls not available)•Answer-only capability•List Only - Telephone numbers can be selected from a preprogrammed list only (direct dialing using a keypad is not allowed)•Unlimited - With the Handheld Control Unit (HHC) only, phone numbers can be selected from a list and also entered directly using the keypad (future availability).
SMARTNET/SMARTZONE/P25 TRUNKED FEATURES416.6.2 PLACING A TELEPHONE CALLRecalling From A List1. With a SMARTNET/SmartZone channel selected, momentarily press the PHONE option switch. The tag (alias) of the last called telephone number is displayed.2. If required, rotate the Select switch to display the desired number. The tag of each number is displayed. 3. Press and then release the PTT switch and “DIALING” is displayed. One of the following conditions then occur:•If the access is successful, a dial tone sounds and the dialed number is displayed and sent. Either ringing or a busy signal is then heard as with a standard telephone call. When the called party answers, press the PTT switch to talk and release it to listen (since the radio operates half-duplex, it is not possible to talk and listen at the same time). Each time the PTT switch is released, a go-ahead tone is sent to the landside party to indicate when they can respond. To dial a number after the connection is made, press the PTT switch and dial the number using the microphone keypad (if available).•If the selected telephone number is not valid, “INVALID” is displayed and an alert tone sounds. Select a valid number.•If the system is busy, “BUSY” is displayed and the busy tone sounds. The call automatically proceeds when the system becomes available.•If you are out-of-range or the radio cannot be accessed for some reason, “NO PHONE” is displayed and an alert tone sounds.•If the interconnect call you are making or the selected secure mode is not authorized, “REJECT” is displayed and an alert tone sounds.•If your radio does not have the proper encryption key, “KEYFAIL” is displayed and the call must be made in the clear mode by pressing the Clear/Secure option key (if strapped to switchable). Otherwise, load the correct key.4. When the telephone call is finished or it could not be completed for some reason, end it by pressing the PHONE option switch and placing the microphone back on-hook.6.6.3 RECEIVING A TELEPHONE CALL1. When a telephone call is received, “ringing” similar to a standard telephone is heard and “PHONE” is displayed.2. To answer the call, press the PHONE option switch and press the PTT switch to talk and release it to listen (since the radio operates half duplex, it is not possible to talk and listen at the same time).3. When the call is finished, end it by pressing the PHONE option switch and placing the microphone back on-hook.6.7 CALL ALERT The Call Alert™ feature allows pages to be sent and received. With SMARTNET/SmartZone opera-tion, either the Enhanced Private Conversation™ or Standard Private Conversation mode may be programmed depending on the capabilities of the radio system. With P25 Trunked operation, operation is similar to the enhanced mode.Answering a Page1. When a page is received, five beeps sound and “PAGE” is displayed. The ID of the mobile paging you is stored as the last ID received.2. To clear or ignore the page, press any option switch. If the PTT switch is pressed, a group call is placed on the selected channel.
SMARTNET/SMARTZONE/P25 TRUNKED FEATURES423. To answer the page as a private or unit call (see page 39), press the CALL (Private/Unit Call) option switch and the tag (alias) of the mobile paging you is displayed. Press the PTT switch and respond. One of the conditions that follow may also occur:Enhanced Private Conversation™ Mode•If the mobile being called is on the air, ringing is heard until the called party answers or for 20 seconds, whichever occurs first. If no answer occurs within 20 seconds, a continuous tone sounds and “NO ANS” is displayed.•If the mobile being called is not on the air, a continuous tone is heard instead of ringing and “NO ACK” is displayed.Standard Private Conversation Mode•If the mobile being called is not on the air or does not answer, you will simply not hear a response.4. When the call is finished or it could not be completed for some reason, end it by pressing the CALL option switch and placing the microphone back on-hook.Initiating a Page1. With a SMARTNET/SmartZone or P25 trunked channel selected, momentarily press the ALERT option switch. The tag (alias) of the last ID called is displayed.2. If required, rotate the Select switch to display the desired mobile. The tag of each number is displayed. 3. Press the PTT switch and one of the following then occur:•If five beeps sound, the system received the page and the paged mobile is on the air and received it. The page mode is automatically exited.•If the system received the page but the called mobile is not on the air, a single beep sounds and “NO ACK” is displayed 6 seconds after the PTT switch is pressed. Auto exit then occurs. 6.8 MESSAGINGNOTE: This feature is not available with P25 trunked operation.The messaging feature allows preprogrammed messages to be sent to your dispatcher. Up to 16 messages can be preprogrammed, and they are identi-fied by an alias. If an MSG option switch is programmed, messages are sent as follows:1. Momentarily press the MSG option switch. The alias of the last message sent is displayed.2. If required, rotate the Select switch to display the desired message. Then send the message by momentarily pressing the PTT or Select switch. One of the following then occurs:•If five beeps sound and “ACK RCVD” is displayed, the message was received and automat-ically acknowledged by the system.•If after five tries the message is not acknowledged, a tone sounds and “NO ACK” is displayed. 6.9 SENDING STATUS CONDITIONSThe status feature allows you to manually or automatically send your current status to your dispatcher. Up to eight status conditions can be prepro-grammed, and they are identified by a tag (alias). If the STATUS option switch is programmed, status condi-tions are sent as follows:1. Momentarily press the STATUS option switch. The tag of the current status condition is displayed.2. To change the current status, rotate the Select switch or press the PTT switch until the desired status is displayed. Then press the Select switch to accept that status. One of the following conditions then occurs:•If five beeps sound and “ACK RCVD” is displayed, the status was received and acknowl-edged by the system.•If after five tries the message is not acknowledged, a tone sounds and “NO ACK” is displayed.
SMARTNET/SMARTZONE/P25 TRUNKED FEATURES436.10 EMERGENCY ALARM AND CALL6.10.1 INTRODUCTIONEmergency Alarms and Calls are separate func-tions that can be individually enabled or disabled on each SMARTNET/SmartZone and P25 Trunked system. The Emergency option switch is required for these functions. Other emergency features are as follows:•Emergency Alarms are transmitted on the selected talk group if emergency calls are disabled, and on the emergency talk group if emergency calls are enabled.•Emergency Call talk group selection priority is as follows. For example, if a global emergency channel is not programmed, the emergency talk group of the selected channel is used and so on.1. Global (radio wide) emergency channel2. Emergency group of the selected channel3. Talk group of the selected channel4. Announcement group of the selected channel•The emergency programming of the system to which that emergency talk group is linked controls the emergency operation.6.10.2 EMERGENCY ALARMSAn emergency alarm is a special transmission that alerts a dispatcher of an emergency situation. It is sent automatically by simply pressing Emergency option switch. The system to which the emergency channel is linked must have Emergency Alarms enabled. If not, Emergency Alarms are disabled. The alarm is sent on the control channel using Motorola proprietary signaling.Proceed as follows to send an emergency alarm: 1. If required, select a channel of a system on which Emergency Alarms are enabled and then press the EMER option switch. The radio then automatically transmits the emergency alarm.2. Either Normal or Silent operation can be programmed. With the Normal mode, the red LED lights, the emergency tone sounds, and “EMERGNCY” flashes in the display. This indica-tion continues to flash until the alarm mode is ended (see step 4). If silent programmed or the Surveil-lance mode is selected (see Section 4.9), none of these indications occur. 3. When the emergency alarm is acknowledged, “ACK RCVD” is briefly displayed and the emergency acknowledge tone (two beeps) sounds. Silent opera-tion may also be programmed in which case no tone sounds and there is no indication that an acknowl-edgment occurred.4. The radio continues to transmit this message until an acknowledgment is received or the programmed number of attempts have been made. The emer-gency alarm mode is exited when radio power is cycled, the channel is changed, or by pressing and holding the Emergency option switch. 6.10.3 EMERGENCY CALLSGeneralAn emergency call urgently requests access to a voice channel (an emergency tone usually does not sound at the console). An emergency call is placed by pressing the PTT switch after pressing the Emergency option button. If the Emergency Hot Mic feature is enabled, the emergency call is automatically trans-mitted without having to press the PTT switch (see following description). The system to which the emer-gency channel is linked must have Emergency Calls enabled.Emergency Hot MicIf Emergency Hot Mic has been enabled for emergency calls, automatic transmitting occurs with microphone audio unmuted without having to manu-ally press the PTT switch. The automatic transmit period is programmed for 10-120 seconds in 10-second intervals. If this feature or emergency calls are not enabled by programming, automatic transmitting
SMARTNET/SMARTZONE/P25 TRUNKED FEATURES44does not occur. This feature is initiated only on the first press of the Emergency switch. Subsequent presses do not trigger automatic transmissions. To reset this function, the channel must be changed or power cycled.Placing an Emergency Call1. If required, select a channel of a system on which Emergency Calls are enabled and press the Emer-gency option switch. The Emergency Alarm is then sent as described in Section 5.10.2 if applicable.1. The emergency mode is indicated when “ACK RCVD” is briefly displayed and then “EMERGNCY” and the emergency talk group are alternately displayed. 2. If the preceding Emergency Hot Mic feature is enabled, the call is automatically transmitted without pressing the PTT switch. If it is disabled, press the PTT switch and begin speaking as with a standard call. 3. All group calls which follow are then emergency calls (private, telephone, and call alert calls are not allowed). If the channel is changed, the call is made on the emergency talk group programmed for the new channel. If the Surveillance Mode is enabled (see Section 4.9), all indicators, lights, and tones are disabled.4. To exit this mode, cycle radio power, change chan-nels, or press and hold the Emergency switch.6.11 FAILSOFT OPERATIONIf a failure occurs in the SMARTNET/Smart-Zone or P25 Trunked system so that it cannot be used, the system directs the radio to automatically enter the failsoft mode. When in this mode, “FAILSOFT” and the alias of the selected channel are alternately displayed. A failsoft tone may also be heard, depending on how the repeater is programmed.When in the failsoft mode, operation is in the conventional mode on the preprogrammed failsoft channel (a different failsoft channel can be programmed on each talk group). If a transmission is attempted before a failsoft channel is located, a contin-uous tones sounds until the PTT switch is released. When the radio system returns to normal operation, this is automatically detected and normal operation resumes. 6.12 SMARTNET/SMARTZONE/P25 TRUNKED SCANNING FEATURES6.12.1 GENERALScanning on a SMARTNET/Smartzone or P25 Trunked system is called Priority Monitor Scan. The following are unique features of this type of scanning. For general scanning information applicable to all oper-ating modes, refer to Sections 4.11 and 4.12•Scanning is turned on and off by the SCAN option switch. Talk groups (channels) can be programmed so that scanning automatically starts whenever the talk group is selected (Autoscan). •When responding to calls in the scan mode, the programming of the Talkback Scan parameter deter-mines if a response always occurs on the talk group of the call (Active Group) or the Selected Group if they are different. Transmissions at other times always occur on the selected talk group.•Up to 256 scan lists or the number that fit in avail-able memory can be programmed. Each list can include up to 256 talk groups from the same system, one of which can be a priority group as described in the next section. •If the SCN ED option key is programmed, scan lists are user programmable (see Section 6.12.3). In addi-tion, nuisance channels can be temporarily deleted as described in Section 4.11.6.•Each talk group is programmed to select one of the programmed scan lists or “No List” (scanning is disabled). If scanning is enabled and the selected channel does not permit scanning, it is automatically enabled again when a channel is selected that permits scanning.•The selected scan list can be temporarily changed if the Scan (List) Select option switch is programmed. The procedure is described in Section 6.12.3.
SMARTNET/SMARTZONE/P25 TRUNKED FEATURES45•In addition to calls on channels in the scan list, pages, private/unit calls, and telephone calls are received while scanning. Private and telephone calls are not interrupted by priority messages. 6.12.2 PRIORITY TALK GROUP SAMPLINGOne talk group in the scan list can be designated a priority talk group by programming or it can be the selected talk group. When scanning, messages on a non-priority talk group are interrupted by messages on the priority talk group. Priority scanning must also be supported at the system level for it to occur as programmed in the radio. 6.12.3 SCAN LIST EDITING AND SELECTIONSMARTNET/SmartZone and P25 Trunked scan lists are user programmable if the SCN ED option switch is programmed. The procedure is described in Section 4.12.1. With SMARTNET/SmartZone and P25 trunked operation, each channel (talk group) can be programmed to select one of the programmed scan lists or so scanning is disabled (No List). In addition, each channel can be programmed so that scanning is automatically enabled (Auto Scan) when it is selected. If the SN LIST option switch is programmed, the list that is selected by all talk and announcement groups in the current system can be temporarily changed by the user as follows. Also selectable if desired is “No List” (scanning disabled) or “Programmed” (default list). The programmed default list is automatically reselected at power up. Proceed as follows to temporarily change the currently selected scan list:1. With scanning disabled (the rotating icon is not indicated in the right status display), press the SN LIST option switch.2. The currently selected list is displayed as “List x”, with “x” the currently selected list. To exit without changing the selected list, simply press the SN LIST option switch again.3. To select another list, “Programmed”, or “No List”, rotate the Select switch. When the desired list is displayed, select it and exit this mode by pressing the Scan List option switch again.6.13 DYNAMIC REGROUPINGThe dynamic regrouping feature allows a dispatcher to change the current talk group or switch mobiles to a predefined regrouping channel to receive an important message. When the console issues a regroup order, the radio switches to the prepro-grammed regroup talk group. If the lock mode was not specified, the selected talk group can be manually changed and the previous talk group is reselected if power is cycled. If a locked regroup command is received, the displayed talk group cannot be changed manually or by cycling power. It can be changed only after a clear order is received from the console. Dynamic regrouping operates as follows:1. When this command is received, alternating tones sound and the radio automatically changes to the regrouping channel and “DYN REGRP” is displayed. 2. Manually select the channel corresponding to that tag. If this is not done, transmission still occurs on the new channel, but the alternating tones sound each time the PTT switch is pressed.3. Talk and listen as usual. The dispatcher cancels dynamic regrouping which is indicated by a short tone. If a standard channel is not selected after this occurs, transmission is not allowed if the talk group is assigned as a dynamic regrouping talk group only. If it is assigned as a normal talk group, normal trans-missions are allowed. 6.14 SMARTZONE AND P25 TRUNKING UNIQUE FEATURES6.14.1 INTRODUCTIONAs described in Section 3.7.3, the SmartZone® mode provides wide area coverage by allowing roaming between SMARTNET and conventional sites. The P25 Trunked mode can provide access to a single
SMARTNET/SMARTZONE/P25 TRUNKED FEATURES46trunked site or roaming between several trunked sites. Operation in these modes is the same as just described in the preceding sections (6.1-6.13) with the following additional features:6.14.2 BUSY OVERRIDEThe busy override feature is enabled at the system level by the system manager and is not a program-mable radio feature. It allows a call to be placed even if not all of the sites you are calling have a free traffic channel. The only sites guaranteed to be included are the Critical Sites and the sites where a Critical User is located. This feature operates as follows:1. Assume that you have attempted to place a call and the system was busy (“BUSY” displayed and busy tone sounded). 2. Release the PTT switch and then press it for 5 seconds or more. If a chirp-like tone sounds with the PTT switch pressed, busy override is occurring.NOTE: Remember that not all members of the talk group are receiving your message. Missing mem-bers will start receiving your message as channels become available.6.14.3 SITE TRUNKINGSite trunking occurs when a site can no longer participate in wide area trunking. When site trunking is occurring, the radio searches for other sites that may provide wide area coverage. Site trunking ends when a wide area coverage site is located, the current site is operating again as a wide area coverage site, an out-of-range condition occurs, or the failsoft mode is entered.6.14.4 DETERMINING CURRENT SITE AND SEARCHING FOR A NEW SITETo display the RSSI level of the current site, press the SEARCH option switch. The display then indi-cates the current site number as “SITE xx” and the RSSI (Receive Signal Strength Indicator) signal level as “RSSI xx”. This mode is then automatically exited.To scroll through the other programmed sites, press and hold the SEARCH option switch while “Site xx” or “RSSI xx” is displayed. If site lock is on when site search is entered (see following), the radio will be locked on the new site when this function is exited. 6.14.5 LOCKING/UNLOCKING A SITEIt is sometimes desirable to stay on a site. To prevent the radio from searching for a new site, lock it on the current site by pressing the LOCK option switch. The display then momentarily indicates the site alias to indicate that the current site is locked (“x” is the current site number). To unlock the site, press the LOCK option switch again and “UNLOCK” is momentarily displayed. 6.14.6 ZONEFAIL SITE LOCKThis is an optional feature that permits the radio to lock onto “Always” preferred sites if communica-tion with the site controller is lost.
47MISCELLANEOUSSECTION 7 MISCELLANEOUS7.1 SUPERVISORY TONES Single Beep (Alert Tone)•Power was turned on and a successful power-up sequence occurred (see “Turning Power On and Setting Volume” on page 13).•The time-out timer is about to expire or the penalty timer has expired (page 19).•The conversation timer is about to expire (page 27). •The system received your page but the paged mobile is not on the air (page 41).•Telephone interconnect is not operational (page 40).Continuous Tone (Invalid Condition)•A transmission is being attempted on a conventional channel programmed as receive-only.•The transmitter is disabled by the transmit disable on busy feature (page 26).•The transmitter has been disabled by the time-out timer feature (page 19).•The transmitter has been disabled by the conversa-tion timer (page 27).•An out-of-range condition exists (SMARTNET/SmartZone only).•A transmission is being attempted before the penalty timer has expired (page 19).•Dynamic regrouping has been exited but the dynamic regrouping channel is still selected (page 45).Single Short Medium-Pitch Tone•A valid key has been pressed.Single Short Low-Pitch Tone•An invalid key has been pressed.Medium Tone (No Acknowledge)•The paged mobile did not acknowledge the page (page 41).•The message that was sent has not been acknowl-edged (page 42).•The status condition that was sent has not been acknowledged (page 42).Five Beeps (Recurring)•The page was received (page 41).Two Short Tones •A unit-to-unit call was received (page 39).Five Beeps•The paged mobile received the page and acknowl-edged it (page 41).•The message that was sent has been received and acknowledged (page 42).•The status condition that was sent has been received and acknowledged (page 42).Four Beeps•The emergency alarm condition was acknowledged (page 43).Gurgle-Like Tone•Dynamic regrouping has occurred (page 45).•Dynamic regrouping has occurred but the regrouping channel is not selected (page 45).Busy Signal•The radio system is busy or a busy condition exists when making a telephone call.Three Medium Pitch Tones•A channel is available after a busy condition occurred (SMARTNET/SmartZone only).7.2 SYSTEM OPERATOR PROGRAMMINGAs noted several times in this manual, program-ming determines the availability and specific operation of many features. This usually refers to the program-ming performed by your system operator when the
MISCELLANEOUS48radio was set up, not to any programming that a user can perform. If a feature is controlled by a front panel option switch and that switch is not available, it is probably not available. An exception is Keypad Programming which can allow the user to reprogram several conventional channel parameters. Refer to Section 5.16 on page 34 for more information.7.3 SPEAKING INTO MICROPHONEFor best results, hold the microphone about 1-2 inches from your mouth and speak at a normal conver-sational level. Do not shout since it distorts your voice and does not increase range. Make sure that the PTT (push-to-talk) switch is pressed before you begin to speak and released as soon as the message is complete.7.4 OPERATION AT EXTENDED RANGEWhen approaching the limits of radio range, the other party may not be able to hear your transmissions and there may be an increase in background noise when messages are received. You may still be out of range even though you can hear a message. The reason for this is that the signal you are receiving is usually transmitted at a higher power level than the one trans-mitted by your radio. Communication may be improved by moving to higher ground or away from shielding objects such as tall buildings or hills.7.5 PREVENTING BATTERY DISCHARGEIn the standby mode (power on, not transmitting), radio power consumption is relatively low. Therefore, you can probably leave the radio on for one or two days without operating the vehicle and the battery should not become seriously discharged. However, if the outdoor temperature is low enough to significantly decrease battery capacity, the radio should be turned off when not in use. Since power consumption is significantly higher when transmitting, it is good practice to have the vehicle running while transmitting. This ensures that optimum power is being delivered to the radio and that the battery does not become discharged. 7.6 LICENSINGA government license is usually required to operate this radio on the air. 7.7 RADIO SERVICE If “UNPROGRAMD” is displayed, the cause could be any of the following:•An unprogrammed channel is selected. Select a programmed channel.•The selected channel is programmed for an option that is not installed or an error in programming was detected. Contact your system operator for service.If no characters or all characters appear in the display, the viewing angle may be improperly adjusted. Refer to Section 3.3 on page 14 for more information. If some other problem is occurring, turn power off and then on again to reset the control logic. Also make sure that the controls are properly set and that the power, external speaker, and accessory cables (if used) are securely plugged into the back of the radio. If the radio is completely inoperative, check the power cable fuse that is usually located near the vehicle battery. If it is blown, remedy the cause if possible and replace it with the same type (15A). If the radio still does not operate properly, return it to your system operator for service.NOTE: There are no user-serviceable components in the radio. Altering internal adjustments can cause illegal emissions, void the warranty, and result in improper operation that can seriously damage the radio.
49DETERMINING AVAILABLE OPTIONSSECTION 8 DETERMINING AVAILABLE OPTIONS8.1 GENERALThis manual describes the operation of all features that are currently available for the 4300 radio. However, many of these features are optional and therefore may not be available in your radio. For example, Project 25 trunked operation is optional and may not be available.Availability of optional features is controlled by factory programming of the control logic. Only those features that are specifically ordered and enabled in a particular radio are available for use and can be programmed. The features controlled by factory programming are as follows:P25 Options•P25 conventional mobile data•P25 trunked mobile data•P25 conventional operation•P25 trunked operationEncryption Options•DES •DES-XL •DES-OFB•AES [1]OTAR Options•OTAR P25 conventional•OTAR P25 trunkedTrunking Options•STAR roaming with P25 trunked operation•SMARTNET analog operation•SmartZone analog operation•Digital SMARTNET/SmartZone•Multi-Net operationFeature Options•Keypad programming (Fed Gov’t users only)•DTMF Keypad support (4100 only)•512 channels/talk groups (4100 only)•Zonefail site lock[1] AES encryption is available only with ARM code 1.20.0 or later (and all 2.0/3.0 versions). Currently, the only operating mode that is stan-dard with all models is the conventional analog mode. Other variables such as frequency range are hardware dependent instead of software dependent.8.2 UPGRADING A RADIO WITH NEW OPTIONSThe capability exists to upgrade radios in the field with new features. A new feature can be purchased and a special encrypted code string keyed to the ESN (Electronic Serial Number) of the radio is then provided by the EFJohnson Company. This string is in the form of a computer file, and is downloaded to the radio using the PCConfigure programming software. This is initiated by clicking the “Update Options” button on the Radio Options screen shown in Figure 8-1.8.3 USING PCCONFIGURE TO DETERMINE OPTIONSTo determine what software options have been enabled in a particular radio, it is recommended that you use the PCConfigure™ programming software to read and display what options are installed. Proceed as follows:1. Connect the computer to the radio and start the program as described in the documentation included with the PCConfigure software.2. Select the 4300 radio type by selecting menu parameter Radio > Series > 4300 Mobile.3. To display the Radio Options screen shown in Figure 8-1, select Transfer > Read Options From Radio.4. The check boxes indicate which options are enabled in the radio. They are for informational purposes only and cannot be edited.
DETERMINING AVAILABLE OPTIONS50ExamplesThe following are examples of items that need to be checked to program various optional features:P25 Conventional Operation with DES Encryption and OTARP25 Options - Digital Conventional, Conventional Mobile DataEncryption Options - P25 DES OFBOTAR Options - ConventionalP25 Trunked Operation with DES EncryptionP25 Options - Digital ConventionalEncryption Options - P25 DES OFBTrunking Options - P25 TrunkingSMARTNET Analog and Digital Operation with EncryptionP25 Options - Digital SMARTNET/SmartZoneEncryption Options - DES Securenet and DES-OFBTrunking Options - SMARTNET TrunkingNOTE: The “Feature Disable Options” are currently not used, so those features are always available.Figure 8-1 PCConfigure Radio Options Screen
51PASSWORD DESCRIPTIONSECTION 9 PASSWORD DESCRIPTION9.1 NEW PASSWORD ENHANCEMENTS9.1.1 INTRODUCTIONThe following passwords can be programmed: •Four Power-On (User x) Passwords •Download and Upload Passwords•Master Password9.2 PROGRAMMING PASSWORDS9.2.1 GENERALWith new versions of PCConfigure, the “Pass-word at Power Up” parameter has been removed from the Global screen as just described. Passwords are now programmed using a password management screen displayed by the Tools > Password Management menu. The applicable radio must be connected to the computer and powered up to display this screen. Password data is transferred and stored in an encrypted format for security purposes. In addition, actual passwords are never displayed. They are always indicated by eight asterisks (********). Therefore, it is not possible to determine what passwords are in a radio using the PCConfigure software.Passwords must be 1-8 characters in length and consist of the numbers 0-9. Zeros are valid characters in any location, even as leading characters. Initially, all passwords are null (deleted) characters. Therefore, when initially programming a password, no entry is required in the “Original/Master Password” box.9.2.2 LOST PASSWORDSIf a password is lost, it can be changed using PCConfigure by entering the Master password (see following). If even the Master password is lost or was not used, all passwords can be erased using the PCTune software as follows:1. With PCTune 1.1.1.0 or later, simply select Radio > Reset Passwords. Only password information is erased. 2. With earlier versions of PCTune, after starting the PCTune program, press SHIFT CTRL E to toggle the following Erase EEPROM function (otherwise it is grayed and not selectable). Then Select Radio > Erase EEPROM > Params Only. All password and personality information is erased, so the radio must be reprogrammed. NOTE: DO NOT SELECT “COMPLETE” because that erases all information and the radio must then be sent back to the factory to make it usable again.9.2.3 CHANGING PASSWORDSAn assigned password can be changed by the user if the PW CHG option switch or menu parameter (4100 only) is programmed. Selecting this function displays prompts for entering and confirming a new password. NOTE: With the 4100 portable and 4300 Handheld Control Unit, it is recommended that a number key not be used for this function because the password mode is exited if that key is pressed to enter a number.9.2.4 PASSWORD ENTRY PROCEDUREWhenever a password is requested, it is entered as follows:4300 Mobile - Rotate and press the Select switch.4100 Portable - With DTMF keypad models, enter each number using the keypad and press the F2 (Enter) key after the last digit is entered. With limited keypad models, enter each number by pressing the Up/Down switch and press the F2 key after each digit.
PASSWORD DESCRIPTION529.3 PASSWORD DESCRIPTION9.3.1 USER (POWER-ON) PASSWORDSWhen a User Password is enabled, it must be entered each time radio power is turned on. Up to four different User Passwords (User 1/User 2/User 3/User 4) can be programmed. Currently, the same radio features are enabled for each. Entering any User Pass-word at power up enables normal radio operation.9.3.2 DOWNLOAD/UPLOAD PASSWORDSSeparate Download (write) and Upload (read) passwords can be programmed to prevent unautho-rized downloading or uploading of radio programming parameters. When one or both of these passwords are used, the proper password must be entered to perform the operation. A “User” password is not required to upload or download parameters. 9.3.3 MASTER PASSWORD The Master Password overrides all the preceding passwords. It can be used by a system administrator as a “pass key” to a password controlled function or to change a lost or inadvertently changed password. Master passwords are set up and changed the same as the other passwords. It does not override the following Zone Password.9.4 ZONE PASSWORD NOTE: The programming and usage of this password has not changed. It is independent from the preceding passwords, and programmed in the Zone > Edit Zones and Channels screen.A zone password can also be programmed with the 4300 mobile and 4100 portable. It prevents unau-thorized reprogramming of zones by keypad program-ming. When this password is used, it must be entered before system or channel parameters in that zone can be changed. The zone password is programmed in the Edit Zones and Channels screen. This screen is displayed by clicking the Edit Zone button on the Zone screen.A different password can be programmed for each zone. When a password protected zone is selected, “PASSWORD” is flashed the first time an attempt is made to select a system or channel parameter in that zone. Each digit of the password is then entered as previously described. The password is always eight digits long, and after the eighth digit is entered, system and channel parameters for that zone can be reprogrammed normally.
53SECURE COMMUNICATION (ENCRYPTION)SECTION 10 SECURE COMMUNICATION (ENCRYPTION)10.1 GENERAL 10.1.1 INTRODUCTIONThis radio may be equipped to provide secure communication on some or all channels. This feature encrypts the voice so that it can be understood only by someone using a radio equipped with a similar encryp-tion device and encryption codes. When a secure call is received or transmitted, is indicated in the display (see Section 10.3.4). If equipped with the Clear/Secure option switch and the current channel is programmed to allow switch selec-tion, secure communication can be manually enabled and disabled by that switch. Otherwise, channels are strapped to Clear or Coded operation (see Section 10.3). Secure communication can be programmed on a per channel or per talk group basis to operate in various ways. More information follows.10.1.2 ENCRYPTION ALGORITHMSSecureNet™SecureNet encryption digitizes the voice and then encrypts it using the DES or DVP algorithm. It uses a 64-bit encryption key. The SecureNet protocols include the following algorithms:•DVP (Digital Voice Privacy) is an earlier encryption method that is self synchronizing using cipher feed-back. It was originally designed to be used by anyone needing protection from unauthorized eavesdropping.•DES (Data Encryption Standard) provides a higher level of security, and also uses cipher feedback. It was originally designed to be used only by the Federal government. •DVP-XL/DES-XL - A disadvantage of the DVP and DES encryption types is reduced communication range when compared to clear voice. The DES-XL and DVP-XL methods were designed to provide better range but at the cost of lower voice quality. They use a different type of feedback called counter addressing. •DES-OFB - A form of DES encryption for digital channels that uses output feedback. This protocol does not result in the degraded range that occurs with analog channels. AES (Advanced Encryption Standard)A new encryption standard called AES is replacing DES-OFB encryption on digital (P25) chan-nels. It uses a 128-, 192-, or 256-bit encryption key instead of the 64-bit key used with DES. EFJohnson radios currently support only 256-bit AES keys. The type of encryption (DES or AES) is determined by the type of encryption key that is loaded (see Section 10.2), and not by the PCConfigure programming soft-ware. AES encryption, like DES encryption, is an optional radio feature that must be purchased and then enabled at the factory.10.1.3 ENCRYPTION AVAILABLE WITH VARIOUS CHANNEL TYPESAnalog ChannelsOn analog conventional and SMARTNET/Smart-Zone channels, DES and DES-XL encryption is used to provide secure communication. The DES-XL type is available only with 4300 mobiles equipped with the Motorola UCM (Universal Crypto Module). Digital ChannelsOn digital Project 25 and SMARTNET/Smart Zone channels, the DES-OFB or AES protocol is used. Refer to Section 10.1.4 for more information.
SECURE COMMUNICATION (ENCRYPTION)54Figure 10-1 Key Selection ExampleKeyset ID 2Algorithm IDUpdate Item (Opt)Time/Date (Opt)Keyset Name (Opt)SLN 23SLN 25Keyset ID 1Algorithm IDUpdate Item (Opt)Time/Date (Opt)Keyset Name (Opt)Key #21: Key ID 54Storage Loc.SLN 24SLN 22SLN 21Number (CKR)35421PIDKey #22: Key ID 65Key #23: Key ID 67Key #24: Key ID 69Key #25: Key ID 73 Key #25: Key ID 90Key #24: Key ID 91Key #23: Key ID 99Key #22: Key ID 98Key #21: Key ID 94Crypto Group AKeyset A1 Keyset A2Zone 1, Chan 2Zone 2, Chan 4Zone 2, Chan 5Zone 3, Chan 1Zone 3, Chan 210.1.4 FIPS AND NON-FIPS MODESFIPS 140-2 is a Federal Information Processing Standard for encrypted radios used by the Federal Government. This standard specifies Federal security requirements for cryptographic modules for a wide range of applications and environments. All 4300 models are FIPS certified.10.2 ENCRYPTION KEYS10.2.1 INTRODUCTIONAn encryption key is a cryptographic variable that is required by the encryption algorithm to encrypt and decrypt voice or data. To maintain system security, these keys must be protected from disclosure and also periodically replaced or updated.With the AES and DES encryption used by EFJohnson radios (see Section 10.1.2), the same encryption key is used by both the encrypting (sending) and decrypting (receiving) radio. AES encryption keys are generated from a string of 64 hexadecimal characters, and DES keys are generated from a string of 16 hexadecimal characters. Another four hexadecimal characters are used to specify the key ID. Multiple keys can be loaded into a radio using OTAR or manual loading. When an encrypted message is transmitted, the encryption Algorithm ID (ALID) and key ID (KID) are usually included in the message. This tells the receiving radio which key and algorithm must be used to decrypt the message.If an attempt is made to transmit a secure message without loading the corresponding key, “KEYFAIL” is displayed. The message must then be transmitted in the clear mode (this is possible only if the channel is strapped to “switchable”) or the key must be loaded.10.2.2 KEY AND ALGORITHM IDSEach encryption key is programmed with a Key ID (also called Logical ID). This ID plus the algorithm ID (ALGID) is transmitted in the message. The radio receiving the message must have a key programmed with the same IDs in order to decrypt it. 10.2.3 PID/SLN KEY MANAGEMENT MODESNOTE: The term “SLN” from the Project 25 specifica-tion is equivalent to “CKR” (Common Key Reference) also used to define this parameter.The channels, talk groups, and other calls that use encryption are linked to a specific Physical ID (PID) when the radio is programmed using the PCConfigure programming software. For example, Zone 1, channel 1 could be programmed to select the key in PID 1 and Zone 1, channel 2 could select the key in PID 3. The PID ranges are 0-15 when the PID mode is selected,
SECURE COMMUNICATION (ENCRYPTION)55and 1-16 when the SLN mode is selected (see Figure 10-1).PID or SLN key management modes can be programmed on the Global programming screen. More information on these modes follows.PID Mode - The PID mode can be used only when keys are loaded using the Motorola KVL 3000 keyloader. When this mode is selected, keys are loaded directly into a PID of 0-15 that corresponds to the PID programmed for each channel (if applicable). A Keys Table is not programmed with this mode.SLN Mode - The SLN mode must be selected is either OTAR (Over-The-Air-Rekeying) or the EFJohnson System Management Assistant (PDA keyloader) is used. It can also be used if OTAR is not used. With this mode, keys are loaded into a SLN (Storage Loca-tion Number), typically from 0-4095. A Keys Table must then be programmed to link channel PIDs to a specific SLN. The use of this type of indirect linking allows keysets and key IDs to be changed via OTAR while keeping the mapping from the channel or talk group the same. For example, as shown in Figure 10-1, PID 4 selects SLN 24 which selects key slot 24 in both keysets. This slot contains Key ID 69 in Keyset 1 and Key ID 91 in Keyset 2. Only one keyset is active at a time. 10.2.4 MAINTAINING KEYS IN MEMORYThe radio may need to be connected to a constant power source to preserve the encryption keys in memory. The programming of the Infinite Key Reten-tion parameter determines if keys are permanently stored in memory or erased soon after power is removed. When Infinite Key Retention is enabled, keys are stored in memory and are not lost when power is removed. If it is disabled, they are maintained only until the storage capacitance discharges. With 4100 portable models, storage capacitors maintain the supply voltage (and encryption keys) for approxi-mately 30 seconds without power applied. Therefore, when changing the battery, make sure to reattach another within 30 seconds.With 4300 mobile models, the keys are main-tained for approximately 8 hours with this feature disabled. However, a tamper switch causes immediate key erasure when the radio cover over the logic board is removed.10.2.5 ENCRYPTION KEY SELECTNOTE: This feature is available on conventional channels only.When multiple encryption keys are programmed (see preceding information), the KY SEL option switch can be programmed to allow selection of another key for the current channel. This feature changes the PID (hardware location) of the key, and the change is permanent (cycling power or selecting a different channel does not reselect the original key). Therefore, to switch back to the original key, it must be manually reselected. Proceed as follows to select a key:1. Press the KY SEL option switch and HWKEY x is displayed. The “x” indicates the current key PID selection. 2. Rotate the Select switch to display the desired key and then press the Select switch to select it. Press the KY SEL option switch again to return the display to normal operation.10.2.6 ENCRYPTION KEY ERASEA KY CLR option switch can be programmed that allows the user to permanently erase all stored keys. If OTAR TEK and KEK keys are stored, all keys of both types are erased. This function can be used to ensure that unauthorized encrypted calls can no longer be placed or received by a radio.10.3 CLEAR/SECURE STRAPPING10.3.1 TRANSMIT MODE OPTIONSThe following transmit options are available when encryption is selected:Clear - All calls are in the clear mode unless responding to a secure call. If the response is then made within the delay time (see Section 4.11.4), it occurs in the secure mode.
SECURE COMMUNICATION (ENCRYPTION)56Secure - All calls are made in the selected secure mode. Switched - The mode is selected by the C/S (Clear/Secure) option switch. When the clear mode is selected by this switch, “CLEAR” is flashed, and when the secure mode is selected, “SECURE” is flashed.If the channel has been strapped “Clear” and the option switch selects the “Secure” mode on power up and a transmission is attempted, “Clear Only” is displayed and transmitting is disabled. Likewise, if the channel is strapped “Secure” and the option switch selects the “Clear” mode on power up and a transmis-sion is attempted, “Secure Only” is displayed and the transmitter is disabled. The radio can be programmed to ignore the “Clear” or “Secure” switch setting (“Ignore Clear/Secure Switch When Strapped” selected on Global screen). These preceding indications then do not occur and transmissions always occur in the strapped mode.NOTE: If all channels/talk groups are strapped clear or secure and no C/S (Clear/Secure) option switch is programmed, this parameter must always be selected (see following).If the C/S (Clear/Secure) switch is not programmed, the radio is always in the last known state (usually Clear) and there is no way to change it. For example, if the last known state is Clear and this parameter is not selected, it is never possible to transmit a Secure message on a channel strapped Secure because all that happens is transmitting is disabled, an error tone sounds, and “Sec Only” is displayed.10.3.2 RECEIVE MODE OPTIONSThe following receive options can be programmed with conventional operation. With SMARTNET/SmartZone and P25 Trunked operation, encrypted calls are received if the proper key is programmed.No Autodetect - Only signals coded like the transmit signals are received.Secure Autodetect - Both clear and secure signals are automatically detected. This mode is automatically selected if the transmit mode is switch selectable.Proper Key AutodetectAnalog ChannelsWhen this feature is disabled and a message is received with the wrong key, the audio unmutes and garbled (encrypted) audio is heard. However, if this occurs with this feature enabled, the audio remains muted. Digital ChannelsWhen this feature is enabled and a message is received with a different key, but the key resides in the radio, the audio is decrypted and received normally even though the key is assigned to a different talk group. If this feature is disabled or the key does not reside in the radio, the audio remains muted.10.3.3 TALK GROUP ENCRYPTION OVERRIDEOn conventional digital (P25) channels, the encryption strapping mode and PID are programmed on a per talk group basis similar to the trunked modes (SMARTNET/SmartZone/P25 Trunked). However, with this mode only, there is the option to override the talk group encryption programming and program it on a per channel basis. Therefore, if desired on conven-tional digital channels, encryption can be programmed differently for each channel. Conventional analog channel encryption is always programmed on a per channel basis. 10.3.4 ENCRYPTION ICON OPERATIONBasically, the encryption icon is on whenever a secure call is received or transmitted. Other operation is as follows:•With standard front and remote mount control units and the HHC (Handheld Control Unit), it flashes when receiving a secure call on a digital channel in both the secure and clear modes. •It is on when receiving a clear call on a digital channel in the secure mode.
SECURE COMMUNICATION (ENCRYPTION)5710.4 OTAR (OVER-THE-AIR REKEYING)10.4.1 INTRODUCTIONOTAR stands for “Over-The Air-Rekeying”. This is the process of sending encryption keys and related key management messages over-the-air to specific radios. The advantage of OTAR is that it allows these keys to be quickly and conveniently updated when necessary. It is no longer necessary to periodically travel to the radio location or bring the radio into a maintenance facility to load new keys. The actual OTAR rekeying functions are performed by a Key Management Facility (KMF) that sends Key Management Messages (KMM) to the radios. These messages are themselves encrypted using a unique key. Radios must be OTAR-compatible and programmed for OTAR for this type of rekeying to occur. Currently, OTAR is available only on P25 conventional channels, and only to program DES-OFB keys (future programming on P25 trunked channels and of AES keys is planned). It is not used on SMARTNET/SmartZone channels or to load DES/DES-XL keys. 10.4.2 ENCRYPTION KEY TYPESThere are two types of keys used with OTAR:TEK (Traffic Encryption Key) - The key used to encrypt voice and data traffic. All radios using encryp-tion must have at least one of these keys. This is also another name for the keys used without OTAR.KEK (Key Encryption Key) - The key used to encrypt keys contained in OTAR Key Management Messages (KMMs). All radios which use OTAR must contain at least one of these keys. The KEK used to decrypt/encrypt keys in an OTAR message is defined by the algorithm and key IDs transmitted in the decryption instructions field. A KEK may be unique to a particular radio (UKEK) or common to a group of radios (CKEK).10.4.3 KEYSETSTo simplify key management, a number of keys may be grouped together in a keyset. A keyset is simply a set of one or more keys of the same type (either TEK or KEK). Keysets are identified by Keyset IDs, and the upper four bits of this ID specify the crypto group (see next section). The KEK keyset is considered always active and is ID 255. Two TEK keysets are normally used, and one is always active and the other inactive. This allows the inactive keyset to be replaced without interrupting operation. One is Keyset ID 1 and the other Keyset ID 2. With EFJohnson radios, each keyset can contain up to 128 keys, but less than 16 are normally used for optimum keying efficiency and because only up to 16 can be selected by the radio. The active keyset is usually selected by the Key Management Facility. It can also be selected by the EFJohnson SMA keyloader or by the user if the KY CHG option switch is programmed. Automatic keyset changeovers are not supported by EFJohnson radios. In the SLN mode (see Section 10.2.3), two TEK keysets can be used if desired even if OTAR is not used.A diagram of a keyset is shown in Figure 10-2. Some information may be optional as shown. The 4300 mobile does not support or use the Update Item and Time/Date parameters.Figure 10-2 Keyset Diagram10.4.4 CRYPTO GROUPSA crypto group contains up to 16 keysets of the same type of key, either TEK or KEK (see Section 10.4.2). However, only two keysets are typically used as just described. Crypto groups are used to help 16-Bit Keyset IDAlgorithm IDUpdate Item (Opt)Time/Date (Opt)Keyset Name (Opt)Key 1Key 2Key 4096(upper 4 bits areCrypto Group)
SECURE COMMUNICATION (ENCRYPTION)58manage keys such as when a radio uses keys with different active times or multiple algorithms. Currently, only one crypto group is supported, and it is always ID 0. As shown in Figure 10-3, the crypto group ID is the upper four bits of both the SLN and Keyset IDs.Figure 10-3 Encryption Parameter IDs10.4.5 KEY MANAGEMENT FACILITYThe Key Management Facility (KMF) provides key management and OTAR functions to applicable radios within the radio system. One of the main tasks of the KMF is to maintain a data base of information contained in each radio. This information may include the following:•TEKs (main Traffic Encryption Keys)•KEKs (Key Encryption Keys) used to encrypt OTAR messages•Keysets (groups of TEKs or KEKs)•Crypto groups (groups of keysets)•Cryptonets (groups of radios using same keys)•Individual and group Radio Set Identifiers (RSIs)•List of probable lost or stolen radiosThe KMF performs OTAR functions by exchanging Key Management Messages (KMMs) with the radios. Both the KMF and radio can originate messages. Some functions performed by the KMF are as follows:•Loading new keys•Modifying keys•Initiating keyset switch overs•Modifying keyset attributes•Deleting one or more keys to remove a radio from a cryptonet)•Deleting all keys (zeroize) when a radio may be lost or compromised•Determining if a radio is on the air and reading key information•Changing individual and group RSIs10.4.6 MESSAGE NUMBER PERIOD (MNP)One of the parameters that is programmed in a radio utilizing OTAR is Message Number Period (MNP). This parameter is programmed as described in Section 10.5.2. This parameter is used to minimize the possibility of someone sending messages to “spoof” the system. The MNP is used as follows.Every message sent out has a message number. The message number increments by one with each message sent. The MNP is the maximum difference allowed between messages. For example, if the MNP is set to 1000 and the last message number received by the radio is different by more than 1000 from the current message number, the current message is ignored. If the MNP is set to 65535, message numbers are ignored.When determining this number, consider the like-lihood of someone trying to spoof the system by retransmitting recorded messages and then adjust the MNP accordingly. The higher the risk, the smaller the MNP should be. A disadvantage of setting a low MNP is that the chance of blocking out intended messages becomes higher. In addition, traffic level and terrain contribute to lost messages and should also be consid-ered when selecting this number.A setting of 1000 is a good compromise because it blocks out real old messages but is unlikely to affect anything intentionally sent out by the system (1000 messages sent to a single radio is not likely to occur in a system in less than a year with normal usage).10.4.7 DEFINITIONSAlgorithm - Refers to the specific encryption standard (DES or AES) that is used to encrypt a message. Each standard uses different calculations to perform the encryption (see Section 10.1.2). Algorithm ID (ALGID) - Identifies the algorithm (DES or AES) used to encrypt a message. This ID and Crypto Group ID(4-Bit = 0-15/0-F)Keyset ID8-Bit = 0-255/0-FFxxxx xxxxxxxxSLN/CKR ID16-Bit = 0-65535/0-FFFFxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx
SECURE COMMUNICATION (ENCRYPTION)59the Key ID are transmitted with each message to uniquely identify the key being used.Black - Refers to information that is encrypted. The opposite is “Red” which refers to unencrypted information.Common Key Encryption Key (CKEK) - This is a KEK common to a group of subscriber units which share the same encryption keys (are part of same crypto group). These keys can be the DES or AES type. The use of a common key allows the subscriber units to be rekeyed by the KMF using one Key Management Message. Refer to “KEK” for more information.Common Key Reference (CKR) Group - Same as Storage Location Number (SLN). Crypto Group - A group of up to 16 keysets containing the same type of keys (either TEK or KEK). Although a crypto group can contain up to 16 keysets, only two are normally used. Only one keyset in a crypto group is active at a time. EFJohnson radios currently support only one crypto group. Cryptographic Variable - The variable used by a cryptographic algorithm to encrypt a message. Also called a “key”.Currency - Relates to the need for key updates. If a subscriber unit is current, it does not require a key update at the current time. If it is not current, the KMF has new keys for that subscriber unit or CKR group have not been sent or have been sent but not acknowl-edged. Group Rekeying - The process of changing the keys in several subscriber units with a single message addressed to the group rather than changing each subscriber unit separately. This addressing is done using a group RSI. Group rekeying reduces system overhead and makes rekeying more efficient. Subscriber units in the same group must be programmed with a common KEK (CKEK) and use the same TEKs. Key - A variable used by a cryptographic algorithm to encrypt voice or data. Also called “Cryptographic Variable”.Key Encryption Key (KEK) - A key used to encrypt keys contained in Key Management Messages (KMMs) during OTAR. These messages may them-selves be encrypted by the currently active TEK. These keys can be the AES or DES type. There are KEKs unique to a subscriber unit (UKEK) and common to a group (CKEK). The other type of key is the Traffic Encryption Key (TEK) used to encrypt voice and data messages.Key ID - This is a 16-bit (four hex digit) number iden-tifier from 1-65535 for an encryption key which allows the key to be identified without revealing the actual key variable. This ID and the Algorithm ID uniquely identify a key within the KMF or subscriber unit. Therefore, two keys can have the same ID if they have different algorithm IDs and vice versa. The Key ID and Algorithm ID are usually transmitted with a message to identify the key that must be used to decrypt it. Key ID 0 is not used with OTAR.Key Management Facility (KMF) - The equipment and software which provide OTAR and related key management services to the subscriber units.Key Management Message (KMM) - These are the messages composed by the KMF to send encryption information to subscriber units via the keyloader or OTAR. KMMs are themselves encrypted using two layers of encryption: inner and outer. The inner layer of encryption is the KEK and the outer layer is the TEK. At this layer, the KMMs are also included in a Common Air Interface (CAI) message which adds another layer of addressing. In addition, a Message Authentication Code (MAC) is used. Keyset - A group of keys of the same type (KEK or TEK) that are managed as a single entity (they can be updated, deleted, and rekeyed with a single command). Keyset Changeover - The process used to switch a subscriber unit to another keyset so that the unused keyset can be replaced without interrupting encrypted communication.Key Loader - Any type of device used to load encryp-tion keys into a radio. With OTAR, this device must be used to provide the initial key loading of a subscriber unit so that it contains the basic keys needed for
SECURE COMMUNICATION (ENCRYPTION)60OTAR by the KMF. If OTAR is not utilized, is always used to load encryption keys. All keys stored in the key loader are themselves encrypted. EFJohnson offers a PDA-based keyloader. Logical Link ID (LLID) - An ID transmitted with a data message to identify the destination of the message. Message Number Period (MNP) - The maximum difference between message numbers that can occur before a message is declared invalid (see Section 10.4.6).Over-The-Air-Rekeying (OTAR) - The process of sending new encryption keys over the air using an RF interface.Red - Refers to information that is not encrypted. The opposite is “Black”.Rekey - The process of preparing, sending, and loading encryption keys into a subscriber unit for current or future use. This may be done over-the-air (OTAR) or by directly connecting a keyloader to the subscriber unit.Radio Set Identifier (RSI) - Subscriber units are programmed with one or more Radio Set Identifier (RSI) numbers that identify the unit for OTAR purposes. The RSI can be unique to a individual subscriber unit or unique to a group of subscriber units. An individual (unit) RSI is always assigned and one or more group RSIs may be assigned. The indi-vidual RSI is typically programmed when the subscriber unit is initially brought into service. The KMF is also identified by an RSI (KMFRSI) to use as the destination of any KMMs a subscriber unit origi-nates. The KMMs (Key Management Messages) generated by the KMF (Key Management Facility) are addressed to a specific RSI. Storage Location Number (SLN) - A link to a specific key (TEK or KEK) in the active keyset. The SLN specifies both a crypto group and a key within the keysets in that crypto group (the first four bits of the SLN are the crypto group ID). SLNs and CKRs are equivalent terms (see Section 10.2).Traffic Encryption Key (TEK) - A key used to encrypt voice or data. The other type of key is the Key Encryption Key (KEK) which is used to encrypt keys contained in Key Management Messages. TEKs can be either the AES or DES type.Unique Key Encryption Key (UKEK) - A KEK unique to a particular subscriber unit. Refer to “KEK” for more information. These keys can be either the AES or DES type.Zeroize - The process of deleting all keys from a compromised subscriber unit to disable it. To make the unit functional again, the keys must be reloaded by a keyloader.10.5 RADIO SETUP FOR ENCRYPTION10.5.1 GENERAL ENCRYPTION SETUPThe following radio setup is required for encryp-tion regardless of whether OTAR is used:Options Enabled - The desired encryption type must have been enabled at the factory (DES, DES-XL, DES-OFB, AES). To determine what options are enabled, using the PCConfigure programming soft-ware, select the Transfer > Read Options From Radio menu parameter.PCConfigure ProgrammingPID/SLN Mode - On the global screen, select either the PID or SLN mode (see Section 10.2.3). If the SLN mode is used, also program the Keys Table by clicking the button.Infinite Key Retention - On the global screen, select this parameter to store keys permanently in memory (see Section 10.2.4).Erase Keys On Keyset Change - On the global screen, if the SLN mode is selected and more than one keyset is used (see Section 10.4.3), select this parameter to erase keys when changing keysets (see Section 10.2.6).Program Channel/Group PIDs and Encryption Type - With conventional analog calls, this infor-mation is programmed on the channel screen. With other types, it is programmed in the talk group list selected on the system screen. In addi-tion, with conventional digital calls, the group
SECURE COMMUNICATION (ENCRYPTION)61programming can be overridden on the channel screen (see Section 10.3.3). Additional PIDs for special calls can also be specified on the system screen for digital and trunked calls. NOTE: The encryption type is not selectable on digital chan-nels because the AES/DES mode is determined by the key type loaded, not by PCConfigure programming.Programming - An RSI and UKEK and other infor-mation must be programmed as described in the next section. 10.5.2 ADDITIONAL SETUP FOR OTARAdditional PCConfigure Programming For OTARThe following parameters must be programmed for OTAR operation in addition to those in Section 10.5.1 (PCConfigure Version 1.17 or later is required). 1. On the Radio Wide Conventional screen, program the Digital Unit and Unit RSI IDs. The Unit RSI ID can be set to the Digital Unit ID only, but later can be changed by the KMF or keyloader if desired. Note these two numbers.2. On the Per System Conventional screen, select OTAR Enabled = On and Data Registration Enabled = On. When data registration is enabled, the radio registers with the data system on a channel change.3. Also on the Per System Conventional screen, set the OTAR Time Out Time. When rekeying is requested by the radio (OTAR Rekey option button pressed or menu selected), this setting determines how long the radio waits for a response from the KMF. Times of 20-180 seconds can be programmed, and the default is 30 seconds.Motorola RNC Registration (If Required)The 4100/4300 may not support Motorola dynamic data registration. Therefore, each radio may need to be manually registered on the Motorola RNC Console by entering the following command:LCRD 03 06 00 1234 7F xx xx xx 0A 0A 00 07 00 yyWhere, “xx xx xx” is the hex value of the Digital Unit ID entered by the PCConfigure software. Refer to the console documentation for the value of “yy” or use “00”. This registration needs to be done only once.Programming By KeyloaderThe following are the minimum parameters that need to be programmed in the radio to perform OTAR. It is not necessary to program a TEK to perform OTAR. If the radio does not contain a TEK, the KMF initiates a warm start-up sequence in which a tempo-rary TEK is transferred to the radio to perform the key transfer.1. UKEK - This key normally has SLN (CKR) 61440 and Key ID 62880 (F5A0 hex). Create a key (either AES or DES type as required) and download it to the radio.2. RSI - This is normally initially the same as the P25 Unit ID and is programmed by the PCConfigure software as described in Section 10.5.1. Therefore, the RSI should not need to be loaded if it is the first time the radio is being set up for OTAR or if the radio dumps keys due to long-term battery discon-nect. However, it may need to be loaded if the radio is manually deleted from the KMF and then recre-ated since the message number must be reset to 0 (the Load Target RSI command resets the message number to 0).3. KMF RSI - This RSI is normally 9,999,999 and should not need to be loaded since it defaults to this number. 4. MNP (Message Number Period) - Load the proper message number period into the radio (typically 1000). Refer to Section 10.4.6 for more information.5. Verify that the above information was properly stored in the radio by viewing it using the keyloader.
SECURE COMMUNICATION (ENCRYPTION)6210.6 RADIO OTAR CAPABILITIES10.6.1 SEM 4100/4300, STANDARD 4100The OTAR capabilities of the SEM equipped 4100 portable and 4300 mobile are as follows.Keysets•Up to three keysets are used and it is assumed all three are always present.Keyset IDs 1 and 2 are for TEKs and only one is active at a time. Keyset ID 255 is for KEKs and is considered active all the time•Each keyset can have up to 128 keys. However, 16 or less are normally used. •AES encryption is supported (with Flash code 1.8.0 or later) but not currently available with OTAR (future availability is planned).RSI (Radio Set Identifier)•One individual RSI and it is usually initially the same as the P25 Unit ID.•One group RSI (usually initially “0”).•One KMF RSI (usually always 9,999,999).OTAR Messages That Are SupportedThe following KMM Message IDs are recognized by or sent:CHANGE RSI 0x03CHANGE RSI RESPONSE 0x04KEYSET CHANGEOVER 0x05KEYSET CHANGEOVER RESPONSE 0x06DELAYED ACK 0x07HELLO 0x0CINVENTORY 0x0DINVENTORY RESPONSE 0x0EMODIFY KEY 0x13MODIFY KEYSET ATTRIBUTES 0x14MODIFY KEYSET ATTRIBUTES RESPONSE0x15NEGATIVE ACK 0x16NO SERVICE 0x17REKEY ACK 0x1DREKEY 0x1EWARM START 0x20ZEROIZE 0x21ZEROIZE RESPONSE 0x2210.6.2 UCM EQUIPPED 4300The 4300 UCM versions use the Motorola UCM encryption module. Therefore, the OTAR capabilities are determined by that module. All capabilities of the Motorola KVL and KMF are supported. Initial radio programming by the PCConfigure software is the same as described in Section 10.5. 10.6.3 OTAR OPTION SWITCHESThe following additional option switches can be programmed with the 4100 portable and 4300 mobile to control OTAR functions. They are also available as 4100 menu parameters unless noted otherwise.Change Keyset - Toggles the active keyset between Keyset 1 and Keyset 2. The new active keyset is briefly displayed and then normal operation resumes. When the 4100 menu is used, the current active keyset is indicated by an asterisk. To change to the other keyset, highlight it and press the F2 key.Clear/Secure Select - This enables and disables encryption regardless of whether OTAR is used. Refer to Section 10.3 for more information.Erase Keys - Erases all TEK and KEK keys contained in the radio. With the 4100, this function is available as menu parameter only.Key Select - This allows a different key to be selected for the current channel or group (conventional chan-nels only). Refer to Section 10.2.5 for more information.OTAR Rekey Request - Sends a message which tells the KMF that the radio is on the air and requests rekeying. The following status messages are displayed which indicate the progress of this function. Addi-tional functions that are available when this is selected using the 4100 menu mode are described in the next section.
SECURE COMMUNICATION (ENCRYPTION)63Rekeying - A radio-initiated rekeying session is in process.No Ack - No response was received from the KMF in response to an Identify request before time out occurred (approximately 30 seconds). Ack Rcvd - An acknowledgement was received in response to an Identify request. No Service - A “No Service” reply was received from the KMF. No rekeying will take place.Rekey Fail - Either the rekey command failed or timed out (after approximately 30 seconds). This message could indicate that the rekey request message was not received by the KMF. However, depending on the KMF configuration and channel traffic, it is possible that the message was received and a response is still pending. Rekeyed! - The rekey session initiated by the radio was successful.Additional Functions Selectable by 4100 Menu:(To select one a parameter, highlight it and press F2.)Rekey - Performs the same function as the OTAR Rekey Request option switch described in the preceding section.Need KEK - Sends a request for a new KEK (Key Encryption Key). Upon receiving this message, the KMF marks the radio as requiring service. One time this function may be selected is if the radio dumps it keys. Identify - Sends a message which tells the KMF that the radio is on the air. Currently, the KMF always responds with “No Service”, even if the keys are not up to date. If “No Ack” is displayed, the KMF may not have received the message (see preceding section). This function can be used to test communi-cation without initiating the rekeying that occurs with the preceding “Rekey” function. Erase Keys - Erases all keys in the radio the same as the Erase Keys option switch described in the preceding section.
64INDEXINDEXAAES Encryption 53Algorithm 58Algorithm ID 58Alias 14Alphanumeric Display 11Analog and Digital Operation 38ANI Signaling 31Autodetect 56BBacklight 14Battery Discharge 48Black 59Busy Channel Lockout 26, 31Busy Indicator 25Busy Override 46CCall Alert (P25 Conv) 33Call Alert (Paging) 41Call Guard Squelch 26Channel 12, 14Channels 17CKEK 59CKR 59Clear/Secure Strapping 55ConnectorAccessory 11Antenna 11Data 11DC Power 11Remote Control Unit 11Siren 11Conventional Mode 16Conversation Timer 27Crypto Group 57, 59Crytpto Graphic Variable 59Currency 59DDES-OFB 53DES-XL 53Determining Available Options 49Determining Options 49Digital Call Guard Squelch 26Direct Channel Selection 14Display 11Zone/Channel 14Display View Angle Adjust 14Displaying Frequency 28Dynamic Regrouping 45EEmergency Alarms (Conv) 28Emergency Alarms (SN/SZ) 43Emergency Calls 43Emergency Calls (Conv) 29Emergency Hot Mic 29, 43Encryption 53Encryption Key 54Encryption Key Select 55Encryption Keys 54Encryption KY CLR (Key Erase) 55Enh. Priv. Conversation CallsPlacing 39Receiving 40Extended Range Operation 48FFacility 58Failsoft Operation 44FeaturesConventional 8General 8P25 Trunked 9Project 25 32Project 25 Trunked 9SMARTNET/SmartZone 8, 38SmartZone 45FIPS 140-2 54GGroup IDs, Project 25 32Group Rekeying 59HHome Zone Select 19Horn Alert 20Hot Mic 29, 43IIndicatorEncryption 12Monitor 12Priority Channel 12, 30Scan 12Scan List 12Second Priority Channel 12Telephone Call 12Infinite Key Retention 55KKEK 59Key 59Key Encryption Key 57Key ID 54, 59Key Loader 59Key Management Facility 58Keypad Programming 34Keyset 57, 59Keyset Changeover 59KMF 59KMF RSI 61KMM 59LLicensing 48Lookback Time 30Lost Passwords 51MMessage Number Period 60Message Number Period (MNP) 58Messaging 42Messaging (Conv P25) 34Microphone Off-Hook 20MNP 61ModeConventional 16Project 25 Conv 16Project 25 Trunked 16SMARTNET/SmartZone 16Monitor Mode 25Monitoring Before Transmitting 25Multi-function Indicator 10NNAC 32Network Access Code 32Nuisance Channel Delete 22OOn-Off/Volume Control 10Operating Modes 15Option ButtonKY SEL (Key Select) 55Option SwitchALERT (Call Alert) 33, 42BKLHT (Backlight) 14C/S (Clear/Secure) 38, 40, 62CALL (Private Call) 33, 39, 40, 42CALL (Unit Call) 32Channel Select 14DATA (P25 Packet Data) 34DISP (Displayed Information) 28EMER (Emergency) 28, 29, 43, 44HOME (Zone) 19HORN 20KY CHG (Keyset Change) 57, 62KY CLR (Erase Keys) 62KY SEL (Key Select) 62LOCK (Site Lock) 46MON (Monitor) 12, 25MSG (Message) 34, 42OTAR (Rekey Request) 62PHONE 41PRI ED (Priority Edit) 31
INDEX65PROG (Keypad Programming) 34PUB AD (Public Address) 20PW CHG (Set User Password) 13, 51RESP (Call Response) 40RTA (Repeater Talk-Around) 28RWS (Radio Wide Scan) 21RWS ED (RW Scan List Edit) 24SCAN 21, 22, 29SCN ED (Scan Edit) 23SEARCH (Site Search) 46SEL SQ (Normal/Selective) 26SN LIST (Scan List Select) 45SQ LIST (Squelch Select List) 27STATUS 34, 42SURVLC (Surveillance) 20TG SEL (Talk Group Select) 32TN VOL (Tone Volume) 19TONE (Alert) 19TX PWR (Transmit Power) 19Option Switch Function Table 18Option Switches 10, 19Option Upgrading 49Optional Features 49OTAR 60OTAR capabilities 62OTAR Definitions 57OTAR Messages Supported 62PP25 Group calls 32P25 Packet Data 34P25 PTT ID 32P25 Talk Group 32Paging 33, 41Answering 41Answering (Conv P25) 33Initiating 33, 42PasswordChanging 51Download/Upload 51, 52Master 51, 52Power On 52Power-Up 13User 51, 52Zone 52Penalty Timer 27PID Mode 54, 55Power On/Off 13Power On-Off 13Power Output Select 19Power Turn-Off Delay 19Power-Up Password 13Priority CallsConv 30Priority ChannelChanging 31Priority SamplingP25 Trunked 45SMARTNET/SmartZone 45Priv. Conversation II CallsPlacing 40Receiving 40Private (Unit-To-Unit) Calls 39Programming 47Project 25 Mode 16PTT ID 39PTT Switch 10Public Address 20RRadio Options Screen 50Radio Set Identifier 60Radio Wide Scanning 21Receive Only 15Red 60Rekey 60Repeater Talk-Around 28RS-232 Port 34RSI 60, 61RW Scan ListDetermining Channels in 24Editing 24SScan List 21Conventional Mode 29Editing 23Radio Wide Scan Mode 24Selecting 23Standard Scan Mode 22ScanningConventional 29Radio Wide 21SMARTNET 44Standard 21Secure Communication 53SecureNet 53Select Switch 10Servicing 48Silent Mode 28SiteLocking/Unlocking 46Searching for 46Site ID (SmartZone) 46Site Trunking 46SLN Mode 54, 55SMARTNET/SmartZone Mode 16Speaker 10Speaking Into Microphone 48Squelch Adjust 15Squelch Code Select 27Squelch Control 15, 37Standard CallsPlacing (Conv) 31Placing (SMARTNET) 38Receiving (Conv) 31Receiving (SMARTNET) 38Standard Private Conversation Mode 39Status Display 12Status Messages 34, 42Storage Location Number 60Supervisory Tones 47Supported OTAR Messages 62Surveillance Mode 20Systems 17TTag 14TEK 60Telephone CallsReceiving (SMARTNET) 41TG on Rx 39Time, Scan Hold 22Time-Out Timer 19Tone Call Guard Squelch 26Tone Select 19Tones 47Traffic Encryption Key 57, 60Transmit Disable 15Transmit Type 37Transmitting, Scan Mode 22, 29Troubleshooting 48UUKEK 61Unit Calls, Project 25 32Unit ID, Project 25 32Unit ID, SMARTNET/SmartZone 38User Group ID 32, 39VVoice Encryption 53Volume Level 13WWarranty 2ZZeroize 60Zone 11, 14Zone Fail Site Lock 46Zone Password 35, 52Zone/Channel Select 14Zones 17

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