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EX7100 Technical Manual – VHF Fan Assembly

VHF EX7100 Fan Box (Type 8057)

1.0 General

A Fan Box has been designed to assist with the cooling of the PA Heatsink casting for the

VHF EX7100 product range.

The Fan Box consists of a metal enclosure with two (2) fan assemblies that fits over (and

is bolted to) the existing PA Heatsink. DC Supply for the fans is provided by the existing

DC input socket on the rear of the EX7100 Terminal.

1.0.1 Date of release

All VHF EX7100 Terminals produced after 1 May 2001 will include the Fan Box (Product

Code 61-8057-00002). It will be factory-fitted during the manufacturing process.

1.0.2 Terminal Mounting Considerations

The Fan Box fits snugly around the existing PA Heatsink casting and does not adversely

affect the overall width or depth of the EX7100 Terminal but does affect the height.

The top of the Fan Box will be approximately 40mm above the top cover of the EX7100

Terminal. However, as it is recommended that a gap of at least 2U (89mm) is left

above/below the EX7100 Terminal and any other equipment, this additional height should

not become a problem for standard 19” Rack mounting.

2.0 Removal Instructions

The following sections detail the steps necessary to remove the Fan Box to allow access

to the PA Heatsink casting.

2.0.1 Tools required

> M5 Short Arm Hex Wrench

> Medium sized insulated flat-blade screwdriver

2.0.2 Procedure

1) It is necessary to isolate the EX7100 Terminal from any mounting shelf prior to removal of

the Assembly.

(Depending on the lengths of any antenna, telephone or DC power cables, it will probably

be necessary to remove these to allow unobstructed Terminal access)

2) Switch off the DC supply to the Terminal (if not already removed) and place the Terminal

on a clean, flat surface.

3) Refer to Figure 1 (overleaf) and remove the 2x M6 socket cap screws and washers from

the Fan Box Assembly using the Short arm Hex wrench. The removed screws and

washers should be put to one side for future replacement.

EX7100 Technical Manual – VHF Fan Assembly

Figure 1: Assembly connected to the EX7100 Terminal

4) Remove the Fan Box DC supply cable from the rear of the EX7100 Terminal, taking

careful note of the existing wire connections for future re-assembly (the BROWN wire is

connected to the +ve input and the BLUE wire is connected to the –ve input)

5) Carefully remove the Fan Box Assembly from the EX7100 Terminal. Access is now

available to the PA Heatsink casting.

6) Refer to Section 7 of the EX7100 Technical Manual for further information regarding the

replacement of the Heatsink casting and/or the PA Assembly.

7) Reverse the above-mentioned steps as required to re-assemble the Fan Box.

EX7100 Technical Manual - Mandatory Regulations

Mandatory Regulations

The following information outlines the mandatory regulations governing the installation

and operation of the Exicom EX7100 digital radio link.

Adherence to this information is necessary to ensure regulatory compliance.

1.0 General Requirements

This equipment shall be configured only with those assemblies as specified in the

Technical Manual and shall only be mounted as instructed.

1.0.1 Danger

The Modem/Controller module contains a lithium battery. There is a danger of explosion if

the battery is incorrectly replaced. Replace only with the same or equivalent type

recommended by the manufacturer.

Dispose of used batteries according to the manufacturers instructions. Do not recharge,

disassemble or incinerate.

1.0.2 Warning

This equipment must only be installed and maintained by service personnel.

1.0.3 Access to the Equipment

The EX7100 digital radio link should be installed in a location or environment that

prevents unauthorised access.

1.0.4 Equipment Port and Connector Classifications

The EX7100 digital radio link contains various ports and connectors that are classified as

either Safety Extra Low Voltage (SELV) or Telecommunication Network Voltage (TNV) as

follows:

SELV TNV

> DC Power Input

> G.703 (3x ports)

> I/O

> Sync Data

> Control

> LMS

> Front Panel Test Pin Sockets

> Line Interface Module Connector

Connect SELV circuits on this equipment

only to other SELV compliant circuits as

defined in AS/NZS 3260 and IEC950.

Connect TNV circuits on this equipment

only to other TNV compliant circuits as

defined in AS/NZS 3260 and IEC950

EX7100 Technical Manual - Mandatory Regulations

1.0.5 Telecom Safety Earth

The wire used for safety earthing should be a minimum of 4mm2 and should preferably be

directly connected to an earthing stake driven into the ground

Refer to Section 2.8 of the Technical Manual for specific instructions

2.0 Country-specific Regulations

The following sections detail any regulations that may be required by specific countries

and/or territories.

2.0.1 New Zealand Regulation - PTC 200

• “The grant of a Telepermit for any item of terminal equipment indicates only that

Telecom has accepted that the item complies with minimum conditions for connection

to its network. It indicates no endorsement of the product by Telecom, nor does it

provide any sort of warranty. Above all, it provides no assurance that any item will

work correctly in all respects with another item of Telepermitted equipment of a

different make or model, nor does it imply that any product is compatible with all of

Telecom’s network services.”

• “This equipment may not provide for the effective hand-over of a call to another device

connected to the same line.”

• “IMPORTANT NOTICE

Under power failure conditions, this device may not operate. Please ensure that a

separate telephone, not dependent on local power, is available for emergency use.”

• “Use of pulse dialling, when this equipment is connected to the same line as other

equipment, may give rise to bell tinkle or noise and may also cause a false answer

condition. Should such problems occur, the user should NOT contact the Telecom

Faults Service.”

• “Devices designed to respond to particular ringing cadences may not respond when

used with this equipment.”

• In the event of any problem with this device, it is to be disconnected and a CPE item

connected to one of its terminal ports may be connected directly in its place. The user

should then arrange for the product to be repaired. Should the matter be reported to

Telecom as a wiring fault, and the fault be proven to be due to this product, a call-out

charge will be incurred.”

• “Note that the receive audio line level must not be more than 3dB higher than the

transmit audio line level. (for typical installations using short telephone cable lengths, it

is recommended that the receive audio line level is set for –3dBm)”

• “The maximum number of parallel CPE devices that can satisfactorily be operated on

a single port is two (2)”

• “This unit should be powered from a supply that is compliant with AS/NZS3260 and is

SELV compliant”

EX7100

TECHNICAL

MANUAL

No part of this work may be reproduced or copied in any form or by any means (electrical,

mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise) without the written permission

of Exicom Technologies (1996) Ltd, Private Bag 50912, Porirua, New Zealand.

Confidentiality

This document contains confidential information which belongs to Exicom Technologies (1996)

Limited. All information is supplied to you in confidence on the basis that it must not be used by

you (except for product evaluation purposes) or disclosed to any person without Exicom

Technologies (1996) Limited’s prior written consent.

Any breach of the above obligation may be restrained by legal proceedings seeking remedies

including injunctions, damages and costs.

Disclaimer

Exicom Technologies (1996) Limited constantly seeks to improve quality and performance.

Therefore, specifications and configurations are subject to change without notice.

Product code: 61-8031-00002

EX7100 Technical Manual - Contents

Contents

Page

List of Figures ix

1 Introduction

1.1 General 1-1

1.2 Configuration 1-2

1.2.1 64 kbit/s digital “pipe” 1-2

1.2.2 Six low bit rate voice/fax/data channels 1-2

1.3 About this Manual 1-3

1.4 Terminology 1-3

1.5 EX7100 Specifications 1-4

1.5.1 System Parameters 1-4

1.5.2 Power, Mechanical and Environmental 1-4

1.5.3 Multi-channel Voice and Data Multiplexer 1-5

1.5.4 Data Channel 1-6

1.5.5 System Management 1-6

1.6 System Planning 1-7

2 Installation of Antenna and Equipment

2.1 General 2-1

2.2 Antenna Sites 2-1

2.3 Mounting the Antenna 2-2

2.3.1 Antenna Polarisation 2-2

2.3.2 Antenna Direction 2-3

2.3.3 Antenna Cable Grounding Kits 2-3

2.4 Positioning the EX7100 Terminal 2-4

2.5 Mounting the Terminal in the Rack 2-5

2.6 Cable Connections 2-5

2.6.1 General 2-5

RF Connection 2-5

DC Power Input 2-7

2.7 Terminal Type Specific Connections 2-8

2.7.1 Digital Data Terminal Connections 2-8

Synchronous Data V.35 2-8

EX7100 Technical Manual - Contents

Page

G.703 2-8

2.7.2 Exchange Terminal Connections 2-8

2.7.3 Subscriber Terminal Connections 2-9

2.8 Earthing the Terminal 2-9

2.9 Other Rear Panel Connections 2-9

2.9.1 Control 2-10

2.9.2 LMS 2-10

2.9.3 I/O 2-10

External Site Alarms 2-10

2.9.4 RF 2-10

2.10 Powering Up the Terminal 2-11

2.10.1 General 2-11

2.10.2 Procedure 2-11

2.11 Final Antenna Alignment 2-12

2.11.1 General 2-12

2.11.2 Alignment Sequence 2-12

3 Configuring the Terminal

3.1 General 3-1

3.2 Using the Keypad 3-1

3.3 The User Interface Menu 3-2

3.4 Changing Parameters 3-2

3.4.1 Universal Parameters 3-3

Passwords 3-3

Changing the Time and Date 3-5

Operating Mode 3-5

Link ID 3-6

Terminal Descriptor 3-7

Changing the RF Channel Increment 3-7

Changing the Local Transmitter Frequency 3-8

Changing the Local Receiver Frequency 3-10

Transmitter RF Power Level 3-11

Interface Type 3-11

3.4.2 Data Terminal Parameters 3-12

Tx Data Clock Synchronisation 3-12

Sync Data Polarity 3-13

3.4.3 Exchange Terminal Parameters 3-14

Operating Mode 3-14

Channel Set-up 3-14

Payphone Metering Frequency 3-15

Transmit Audio Line Level 3-16

EX7100 Technical Manual - Contents

Page

Receive Audio Line Level 3-16

3.4.4 Subscriber Terminal Parameters 3-17

Ringer Frequency 3-17

Line Termination Impedance 3-17

Payphone Metering Frequency 3-18

Transmit Audio Line Level 3-19

Receive Audio Line Level 3-19

Telephone Loop Current 3-20

4 Monitoring and Diagnostics

4.1 General 4-1

4.2 Monitoring the EX7100’s Operation 4-1

4.2.1 RF Parameters 4-1

4.2.2 Power Supply Parameters 4-2

4.2.3 Framer Parameters 4-3

4.3 Monitoring a Remote Terminal 4-3

4.3.1 Setting up a Test Link 4-4

4.3.2 Closing the Test Link 4-5

4.3.3 Changing Operating Frequencies Remotely 4-5

4.4 EX7100 Internal Alarms 4-7

4.4.1 Acknowledging an Alarm 4-8

4.4.2 Setting Alarm Priorities 4-8

4.4.3 Link Up Time Alarm 4-9

4.4.4 Low RSSI Alarm 4-10

4.5 Diagnostic Tools 4-10

4.5.1 System Align Mode 4-10

4.5.2 Digital Loopbacks 4-11

Local Loopback 4-12

Remote Loopback 4-12

Enabling Digital Loopbacks 4-12

4.5.3 Analogue Loopbacks 4-13

Local Loopback 4-13

Remote Loopback 4-13

Enabling Analogue Loopbacks 4-14

4.6 Bit Error Rate Testing 4-14

4.6.1 General 4-14

4.6.2 BER Testing an EX7100: End-to-End 4-15

4.6.3 BER Testing an EX7100: Round-Trip 4-17

4.6.4 BER Testing an EX7100: Local Interface 4-17

4.7 Networking EX7100 Terminals 4-18

4.7.1 General 4-18

4.7.2 Interconnection of Local Terminals 4-18

EX7100 Technical Manual - Contents

Page

4.7.3 Accessing Bussed Terminals 4-19

5 Troubleshooting the EX7100

5.1 General 5-1

5.2 Configuration Issues 5-1

6 EX7100 Top and Bottom Cover Removal

6.1 Procedure 6-1

7 Module Descriptions

7.1 General 7-1

General (Non-RF) Modules 7-1

RF Modules 7-1

Line Interface Modules 7-1

7.2 Power Supply Module Type 2964 7-3

7.2.1 General 7-3

7.2.2 Testing and Fault Diagnosis 7-4

General 7-4

Accessing the Power Supply 7-5

Diagnosis 7-5

7.2.3 Alignment 7-7

7.2.4 Module Replacement Procedure 7-7

7.3 VHF Transmitter Module Type 8027 7-9

7.3.1 General 7-9

7.3.2 Testing and Fault Diagnosis 7-10

General 7-10

Accessing the VHF Transmitter Module 7-11

Diagnosis 7-11

7.3.3 Alignment 7-13

Re-tuning of the VHF Transmitter Module 7-13

Carrier Null 7-13

7.3.4 VHF Transmitter Module Replacement Procedure 7-14

7.4 UHF Transmitter Module Type 8053 7-15

7.4.1 General 7-15

7.4.2 Testing and Fault Diagnosis 7-16

General 7-16

Accessing the Transmitter Module 7-17

Diagnosis 7-17

7.4.3 Alignment 7-19

Re-tuning of the Transmitter Module 7-19

Carrier Null 7-20

EX7100 Technical Manual - Contents

Page

7.4.4 UHF Transmitter Module Replacement Procedure 7-20

Replacement of the Type 8044 Sub-Module 7-20

Removal of the Transmitter Module 7-22

7.5 VHF RF Power Amplifier Module Type 8028 7-23

7.5.1 General 7-23

7.5.2 Testing and Fault Diagnosis 7-24

VHF RF Power Amplifier Module Testing 7-24

7.5.3 Alignment 7-27

7.5.4 VHF RF Power Amplifier Replacement Procedure 7-27

7.6 UHF RF Power Amplifier Module Type 8048 7-28

7.6.1 General 7-28

7.6.2 Testing and Fault Diagnosis 7-29

UHF RF Power Amplifier Module Testing 7-29

7.6.3 Alignment 7-32

7.6.4 UHF RF Power Amplifier Replacement Procedure 7-32

7.7 VHF Receiver Module Type 8029 7-34

7.7.1 General 7-34

7.7.2 Testing and Fault Diagnosis 7-34

General 7-34

Accessing the VHF Receiver Module 7-35

Diagnosis 7-35

7.7.3 Alignment 7-37

Module Re-tuning 7-37

Receiver Maintenance Adjustments 7-38

7.7.4 VHF Receiver Replacement Procedure 7-38

7.8 UHF Receiver Module Type 8054 7-40

7.8.1 General 7-40

7.8.2 Testing and Fault Diagnosis 7-40

General 7-40

Accessing the UHF Receiver Module 7-40

Diagnosis 7-41

7.8.3 Alignment 7-43

Module Re-tuning 7-43

Receiver Maintenance Adjustments 7-44

7.8.4 UHF Receiver Replacement Procedure 7-44

Removal of the Type 8055 Front-End Module 7-44

Removal of the Receiver Module 7-46

7.9 VHF Duplex Filter Module Type 8013 7-47

7.9.1 General 7-47

VHF Connections 7-47

VHF Mounting 7-47

EX7100 Technical Manual - Contents

Page

7.9.2 Testing and Fault Diagnosis 7-48

General 7-48

Checking RF Connectors 7-48

7.9.3 Alignment 7-48

VHF Module Re-tuning 7-48

7.9.4 VHF Duplex Filter Replacement Procedure 7-50

7.10 UHF Duplex Filter Module Type 8045 7-51

7.10.1 General 7-51

UHF Connections 7-51

UHF Mounting 7-51

7.10.2 Testing and Fault Diagnosis 7-52

General 7-52

Checking RF Connectors 7-52

7.10.3 Alignment 7-52

BRBP Filter Adjustment (HPF) 7-54

BPBR Filter Adjustment (LPF) 7-54

Duplex Filter Adjustment (HPF) 7-54

7.10.4 Duplex Tuning/Performance checks 7-55

7.10.5 UHF Duplex Filter Replacement Procedure 7-56

7.11 Modem/Controller Module Type 2966 7-57

7.11.1 General 7-57

7.11.2 Testing and Fault Diagnosis 7-58

General 7-58

Accessing the Modem/Controller 7-58

Diagnosis 7-58

7.11.3 Alignment 7-60

7.11.4 Modem/Controller Module Replacement Procedure 7-60

7.12 Front Panel Module Type 2994 7-61

7.12.1 General 7-61

7.12.2 Testing and Fault Diagnosis 7-62

7.12.3 Alignment 7-63

7.12.4 Module Replacement Procedure 7-63

7.13 Line Interfaces Type 2971 and Type 2967 7-64

7.13.1 General 7-64

Isolated Power Supply Module Type 2990 7-64

Four wire + E & M Interface Type 8022 7-64

7.13.2 Testing and Fault Diagnosis 7-66

General 7-66

Accessing the Line Interface Module 7-66

Diagnosis 7-66

7.13.3 Alignment/Re-tuning 7-67

EX7100 Technical Manual - Contents

Page

7.13.4 Line Interface Replacement Procedure 7-68

7.14 Isolated Power Supply Type 2990 7-69

7.14.1 General 7-69

7.14.2 Description 7-69

7.14.3 Testing and Fault Diagnosis 7-69

Accessing the Isolated Power Supply Module 7-70

Diagnosis 7-70

8 EX7100 Repeater Configuration

8.1 General 8-1

8.2 Installation 8-1

8.3 Terminal Interconnections 8-1

G.703 Interconnect 8-1

Control Interconnect 8-2

8.4 Software Configuration 8-2

8.5 Remote Monitoring 8-2

Appendix A Connector Pin Information

A.1 LMS A-1

A.2 Control A-1

A.3 G.703 A-2

A.4 Synchronous Data A-2

A.5 Input/Output A-3

A.6 Line Interface A-4

A.7 Sync Data (DB15) to V.35 (M34) Interface Cable A-6

Appendix B Options

B.1 Line Terminating Frame B-1

Primary Lightning Protection B-1

B.2 ELMS (Exicom Link Management System) B-2

EX7100 Technical Manual - Contents

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EX7100 Technical Manual - List of Figures

List of Figures

Page

1.1 Typical BER curve 1-9

2.1 Antenna Polarisation 2-2

2.2 Antenna Direction 2-3

2.3 UHF Duplexer Connections 2-6

2.4 External Alarms 2-10

2.5 EX7100 Front Panel Display - Initialisation Test 2-11

2.6 EX7100 Front Panel Display - Idle State 2-11

2.7 EX7100 Front Panel Display - Order Specified Terminal Descriptor 2-11

2.8 Antenna Alignment 2-12

3.1 EX7100 Front Panel Display and Keypad 3-1

3.2 EX7100 Front Panel Display - RSSI Reading 3-2

4.1 Two Terminal Link 4-3

4.2 Two Terminal Link with Repeater Terminal 4-3

4.3 Digital Loopback Configurations 4-11

4.4 Analogue Loopback Configurations 4-13

4.5 End-to-end Bit Error Rate Test 4-15

4.6 Round-trip Bit Error Rate Test 4-15

4.7 Local Interface Bit Error Rate Test 4-15

4.8 Networking EX7100 Terminals 4-18

4.9 Three Terminal Bussed Site 4-18

7.1 EX7100 Terminal with Top Cover Removed 7-2

7.2 VHF EX7100 Terminal with Bottom Cover Removed 7-2

7.3 UHF EX7100 Terminal with Bottom Cover Removed 7-3

7.4 Power Supply Block Diagram 7-4

7.5 Power Supply Fault Diagnostic Tree 7-6

7.6 VHF RF Module Connection Block Diagram 7-9

7.7 VHF Transmitter Module in place within an EX7100 Terminal 7-10

7.8 VHF Transmitter Module Fault Diagnostic Tree 7-12

7.9 UHF RF Module Connection Block Diagram 7-15

7.10 UHF Transmitter Module in place within an EX7100 Terminal 7-16

7.11 UHF Transmitter Module Fault Diagnostic Tree 7-18

EX7100 Technical Manual - List of Figures

Page

7.12 Location of Loop Volts adjustment CV101 7-19

7.13 VHF RF Power Amplifier Module in Place within an EX7100 Terminal 7-23

7.14 VHF PA Module Test set-up 7-25

7.15 Bottom Cover Screws for VHF PA Removal 7-26

7.16 Heat Sink Screws for VHF PA Removal 7-26

7.17 UHF RF Power Amplifier Module in Place within an EX7100 Terminal 7-28

7.18 UHF PA Module Test set-up 7-30

7.19 Bottom Cover Screws for UHF PA Removal 7-31

7.20 Heat Sink Screws for UHF PA Removal 7-31

7.21 VHF Receiver Module in Place within Terminal 7-34

7.22 VHF Receiver Module Fault Diagnostic Tree 7-36

7.23 UHF Receiver Module in Place within Terminal 7-40

7.24 UHF Receiver Module Fault Diagnostic Tree 7-42

7.25 Location of Loop Volts adjustment CV101 7-43

7.26 VHF Duplex Filter Adjustment Locations 7-49

7.27 UHF Duplex Filter Adjustment Locations 7-53

7.28 Modem/Controller Block Diagram 7-57

7.29 Modem/Controller in Place within Terminal 7-57

7.30 Modem/Controller Fault Diagnostic Tree 7-59

7.31 Front Panel Block Diagram 7-61

7.32 Front Panel Fault Diagnostic Tree 7-62

7.33 Six Channel Line Interface Connection Block Diagram 7-64

7.34 Subscriber Line Interface in Place within Terminal 7-65

7.35 Exchange Line Interface in Place within Terminal 7-65

7.36 Six Channel Line Interface Fault Diagnostic Tree 7-67

8.1 EX7100 Repeater 8-1

EX7100 Technical Manual - Introduction

Introduction

1.1 General

The EX7100 is a unique digital radio primarily designed to meet the requirements of

customers who require thin route communications, especially in remote and rural

locations, but also in urban areas where digital linking is required. It is an ideal solution

where copper wires are too expensive or difficult to install.

The EX7100 is a 64kbit/s digital radio that operates within a 25kHz RF channel. It has a

number of unique features including:

> On-demand operation,

> Automatic fax and modem data detection (with internal multiplexer installed),

> G.703 and Synchronous Data interface (V.35) to connect to external devices,

> An optional internal six circuit, voice/fax/data, multiplexer,

> High system gain with 2 Watt or 10 Watt power amplifier options,

> Inherent security through proprietary digital encoding,

> Robust design to operate in a variety of environmental conditions.

1.2 Configuration

The EX7100 is a point to point, line of sight system available in two configurations as

detailed below:

1.2.1 64 kbit/s digital “pipe”

The 64kbps single channel configuration uses G.703 and/or synchronous data interfaces

(V.35), for connection to external OEM multiplexers, bridges, routers, LAN’s, etc. The

actual transmitted bit rate including system overheads is 68 kbit/s, allowing a full 64 kbit/s

for the user.

This congifuration is also used to provide a full duplex repeater option, based on two

terminals back-to-back at G.703 interface. A repeater enables the user to greatly increase

the distance between the end terminals

EX7100 Technical Manual - Introduction

1.2.2 Six low bit rate voice/fax/data channels

With the addition of an internal multiplexer/line interface card the EX7100 provides six,

low bit rate, voice/fax/data channels.

This option is designed to replicate six individual standard wireline telephone circuits and

caters for both 2-wire and 4-wire + E&M (with additional card) telephone operation. Line

drivers and ringers are integral to the card, allowing telephone equipment to be situated

up to 5 kilometres from the terminal when used with external lightning protection.

Most equipment normally connected to telephone lines may be connected to each

channel of the EX7100, including payphone (12/16 kHz meter pulse or line reversal),

electronic funds transfer terminals, G3 fax and data traffic at up to 9600bps.

Note that provision of voice/fax data traffic requires external telephone modems at each

location. Modem/Fax data rate is limited to 9600bps.

The six-channel version of the EX7100 is available in two configurations:

Exchange Terminal

Provides connection for six telephone circuits (either 2-wire or 4-wire +E&M) from the

PSTN. Using two exchange terminals, the link may be configured in software for Point-to-

Point Data terminal operation, providing six 9600bps data channels with 4-wire + E&M

interface.

Subscriber Terminal:

Provides connection for Subscriber equipment (2-wire), such as telephones, facsimile,

modem, etc.

Note: The telephone interface circuit boards within these terminals are specific to each

terminal type, i.e. an Exchange terminal cannot be linked as a Subscriber terminal,

or vice versa.

EX7100 Technical Manual - Introduction

1.3 About this Manual

This Manual contains all the information necessary to enable installation and configuration

of an EX7100 as well as module and fault diagnosis information.

1.4 Terminology

The following terms and abbreviations are used throughout this manual:

BER Bit Error Rate,

BERT Bit Error Rate Test,

DSP Digital Signal Processing,

ESN Electronic Serial Number,

LCD Liquid Crystal Display

LED Light Emitting Diode,

LMS Link Management System,

LTF Line Terminating Frame,

MDF Main Distribution Frame,

PA Power Amplifier

POTS Plain Old Telephone System

PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network

PSU Power Supply Unit,

RSSI Receive Signal Strength Indication,

TCXO Temperature Controlled Crystal Oscillator,

VSWR Voltage Standing Wave Ratio.

This manual refers to “Exchange Terminal” and “Subscriber Terminal” however the

installation instructions apply equally to non-telephone, or Data, systems.

EX7100 Technical Manual - Introduction

1.5 EX7100 Specifications

1.5.1 System Parameters

Frequency Bands (MHz) 138-174, 400-520

(Other bands to follow) 240-270, 335-400, 800-900, 1400

RF Frequency Stability ± 1.5 ppm

Available Digital Bandwidth 64 kbit/s

Channel Data Rate 68 kbit/s

RF Bandwidth 25kHz

Digital Interface G.703 or V.35 synchronous

Duplexer VHF: Internal Notch Type

UHF: External Notch Type + Band Pass

Frequency Selection Synthesiser in 5.0 or 6.25kHz steps

Channel Selection Via front panel LCD or external terminal

Maximum Transmitter power @

duplexer output (PEP) UHF > +31 to +40 dBm (1.25 to 10 W) variable

> +24 to +33 dBm (0.25 to 2 W) variable

VHF > +31 to +40 dBm (1.25 to 10W) variable

> +24 to +30 dBm (0.25 to 1 W) variable

Duty Cycle 100% @ 60 °C ambient, < 3000 feet AMSL

Emission Designator 18K4D1WET

Receive Sensitivity 10-3 BER < -105 dBm (<1.3 µV) @ Rx input

1.5.2 Power, Mechanical and Environmental

Ambient Operating Temperature -10 °C to +60 °C

Humidity up to 95% relative humidity, 0 °C to +45 °C,

non-condensing

Size of basic system (H x W x D) VHF: (3U) 135 mm x 483 mm x 425mm1

UHF: (4U) 175 mm x 483 mm x 425 mm1

Weight Approx. 15 kg

Physical Mounting Rack Mount

Line Lightning Protection Secondary Lightning Protection

1 425mm depth dimension measured from front panel handle to end of rear panel bracket. Additional depth allowance

may be required to cater for connecting cables etc.

EX7100 Technical Manual - Introduction

Power Supply1 10.8 - 30 VDC and 30 - 60 VDC, positive or

negative earth for 12/24/48 VDC power

systems

Power Consumption Standby, 64 kbit/s configuration 35 W

Standby, 6 Ch. configuration 40 W

Tx 10 Watt, 64 kbit/s configuration

Typical 65 W

Maximum 100 W

Tx 10 Watt, 6 Ch. Configuration2

Typical 85 W

Maximum 120 W

Tx 2 Watt, 64 kbit/s configuration

Tx 2 Watt, 6 Ch. configuration2

(2 W figures above TO BE ADVISED)

1.5.3 Multi-channel Voice and Data Multiplexer

Purpose For data and low bit rate voice options

Integral Multiplexer Interface Proprietary

Number of Channels used Up to six low bit rate voice/data/fax

Exchange/Subscriber Line

Connections Via 50-way CHAMP connector

Voice Quality Near toll quality - MOS3 = 3.9

(64 kbit/s PCM MOS = 4.2, 32 kbit/s ADPCM

MOS = 3.8)

Voice Compression MP-MLQ @ 6.3 kbit/s (ITU-T G723.1)

Audio Frequency Response 300 to 3400 Hz typical

Line Interfaces 2-wire, 600Ω/900Ω/complex, 4-wire + E&M

(optional)

Telephone Interface (2-Wire) 2-wire, 600Ω/900Ω/complex, maximum DC

loop resistance 1500Ω, 50 V DC supply

Rx/Tx Line Levels 2 Wire

4 Wire

-15 dBm to +3 dBm

-15 dBm to +3 dBm or –11 dBm to +7 dBm

Line Drive Current 25 or 45 mA selectable

Payphone Interface 12/16 kHz meter pulse and line reversal

Fax and data detection

Fax Speed

Data Speed

Automatic

G3 up to 9.6 kbit/s

Up to 9.6 kbit/s with telephone modems

1 Refer to Section 2, page 2-6 for IMPORTANT WARNINGS re the power supply

2 6 Channel Tx power consumption is maximum with 6 channels operational with 25 mA loop current and no ringing

3 MOS = Mean Opinion Score as defined by ITU-T Rec. P80 and tested by AT&T Study Group 15

EX7100 Technical Manual - Introduction

1.5.4 Data Channel

Data Interfaces G.703 or V.35 synchronous

Data Rate 64 kbit/s

Connections G.703 - 75 Ω

ΩΩ

Ω

G.703 - 120 Ω

ΩΩ

Ω

Synch. Data

BNC Connectors

DB15 Connector

DB15 Connector to standard V.35 connectors

on extender cable1

1.5.5 System Management

Basic Front Panel Metering LCD digital with bar graph and test points for

connection of external voltmeter

Configuration Menu driven 16x2 LCD with six button control

or via RS485 connection to external PC

System management Standard Proprietary

Inter-site Communications RS485 communications with daisy-chain

capability

Communications and Signalling

data channel 1000 bit/s (not user accessible)

Monitoring of site security or other

alarms Six I/O Ports

Channel Selection Via front panel LCD or external terminal

System Management Functions

• BER alarm set 10-3 to 10-5

adjustable • Loopback on each line (6

channel)

• Repeater mode • 64 kbit/s loopback, local/remote

• Set link active excess alarm time • Set individual Receiver and

Transmitter RF frequencies

• Adjust transmit power level • Antenna alignment mode

• Audio line levels

Alarms

• BER set 10-3 to 10-5 adjustable • Low input voltage

• Low receive signal level • Synth lock fail

• Link up time • External alarms

• Tx high VSWR and low power • Lost modem lock

• Internal voltage rail fault • Link fail alarm

• Over Temperature (UHF 10 W) •

Digital and Analogue Meter Tests and Bar Graph

• Receive signal levels • DC input voltage

• Current consumption • Internal voltage rails

• Tx Heatsink temperature

1 DB15 connector has a proprietary pin-out, refer to Appendix A sections A.3 and A.4 for details

EX7100 Technical Manual - Introduction

1.6 System Planning

Digital Radio link planning is a complex procedure requiring a study of each site and the

path between each site. Exicom Technologies is able to assist in system planning if this is

required.

Specialist software packages are used by Radio System Engineers to determine path

losses and sources of interfering signals that may affect the reliability of the radio link.

(Unlike an FM signal, a digital radio signal is susceptible to interference and fades, similar

to those found on television broadcast systems)

The EX7100 is capable, under ideal circumstances, of providing communications over

paths of more than 50 kilometres.

However, the following considerations must be taken into account, which will assist in

determining the maximum link distance and system reliability:

> Operating frequencies

> Free Space loss

> Terrain effects: Absorption and Reflection losses

> Antenna gain and position

> Cable losses

> Transmit power

> Receiver sensitivity

> Required fade margin

Further to these considerations, the system designer must be aware of factors at each

site, which may affect the reliability of the radio link. These factors include:

> Access to a reliable power source.

> Antenna height.

> Access to a suitable grounding system.

> Lightning and surge protection

> Other radiating and receiving systems using the site

EX7100 Technical Manual - Introduction

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EX7100 Technical Manual - Introduction

1.00E-07

1.00E-06

1.00E-05

1.00E-04

1.00E-03

1.00E-02

-108 -107 -106 -105 -104 -103 -102 -101 -100 -99 -98 -97 -96 -95

Receive level (dBm)

BER

-10 to +45 C

-30 to +60 C

VHF/UHF EX7100 at

'nominal' operating

temp range

VHF/UHF EX7100 at

'extreme' operating

temp range

Figure 1.1: Typical BER curve

EX7100 Technical Manual - Introduction

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EX7100 Technical Manual - Installation of Antenna and Equipment

Installation of Antenna and Equipment

2.1 General

Although EX7100 Radio Link terminals can be installed in any order, the following

sequence should be followed to ensure that minimum time is spent on installation.

> Install Exchange antenna (Section 2.3),

> Mount the Exchange terminal (Sections 2.4 and 2.5),

> Connect power, antenna and interface cables to the Exchange terminal (Section 2.6),

> Configure and test Exchange terminal (Section 3),

> Repeat the above steps for the installation of the Subscriber antenna, Subscriber

terminal and cabling (Sections 2.3 to 2.6 inclusive and Section 3),

> Final antenna alignment at Subscriber site (Section 2.11),

> Final antenna alignment at Exchange site (Section 2.11).

> Establish a test link to confirm operation of system (Sections 4.3.1 and 4.3.2),

Note: Ensure that the correct terminal is dispatched to the appropriate site (Terminal

information can be found on a label on the side of the packing box).

2.2 Antenna Sites

Antenna sites for the EX7100 installation should have been chosen as part of the system

planning process (Refer to Section 1.6). If they have not been selected, contact your

Exicom International Supplier.

Radio path planning is a highly technical procedure and should only be performed by a

qualified person.

WARNING

THIS EQUIPMENT MUST ONLY BE INSTALLED AND

MAINTAINED BY SERVICE PERSONNEL

EX7100 Technical Manual - Installation of Antenna and Equipment

2.3 Mounting the Antenna

The antenna should be mounted high enough so that it is in "line-of-sight" with the

antenna at the other radio site (antenna height may have been determined during system

planning). The antenna should be placed at least 10 metres (VHF) or 3.5 metres (UHF)

from any metallic or conductive objects to avoid possible impaired operation of the

EX7100 link and fastened securely to protect against the effects of strong winds.

When mounting the antenna, ensure it is pointing in the correct direction with the correct

polarisation. Final adjustments to the antenna direction are made after both terminals are

installed. Refer to Section 2.11 "Final Antenna Alignment".

2.3.1 Antenna Polarisation

The site plan should include details of antenna polarisation. If it doesn't, use the following

information as a guide:

The antenna may be mounted with either vertical or horizontal polarisation. Figure 2.1

shows an antenna mounted with vertical polarisation (top) and horizontal polarisation

(bottom). In general, either polarisation can be used although each antenna must have

identical polarisation.

Note: Vertical antenna polarisation is preferred if the radio link is to be used over a body

of water such as a lake or sea.

Figure 2.1: Antenna Polarisation

EX7100 Technical Manual - Installation of Antenna and Equipment

2.3.2 Antenna Direction

The site plan should include details of antenna direction. If it doesn't, use the following

information as a guide:

Refer to a map with the antenna sites marked. The antennas must point towards each

other in a straight line for the link to operate effectively. Take a compass bearing of each

antenna as shown in Figure 2.2. This is the direction the antenna should point towards

when mounted.

Figure 2.2: Antenna Direction

2.3.3 Antenna Cable Grounding Kits

To assist with lightning protection, coaxial cable grounding kits should be used at each

site. Grounding of the cable is recommended at the tower top, tower bottom and at the

entrance to the equipment shelter.

A range of grounding kits are available. Contact your Exicom International Supplier for

details.

EX7100 Technical Manual - Installation of Antenna and Equipment

2.4 Positioning the EX7100 Terminal

Before deciding on the position of the terminal, consider the following:

> The antenna coaxial cable should be as short as practical to minimise transmission

losses,

> The EX7100 requires good ventilation to allow generated heat to escape. Although

the maximum temperature environment for the EX7100 is +60°C, lower temperatures

will assist with trouble-free operation, as is the case with most electronic equipment,

Always allow a gap of at least 2U1 (89mm) above/below the terminal and any other

equipment,

> The EX7100 should be mounted close to a source of power, telephone wires (if

required) and the antenna cable. Note: Ensure that sufficient room for any cables

(including adequate bend radius etc) is present prior to positioning the terminal2

> Access to a good earth is essential (separate to mains earth) refer to Section 2.8,

> It may be necessary during the installation process (or subsequent servicing) to

access the rear panel of the terminal. Sufficient room should therefore be provided

around the terminal to allow access to any connections (such as the RS485 port that

may be used for PC control during testing and set-up).

1 One U = 44.5 mm or 1 ¾ inch

2 Terminal depth of 425mm is measured from front panel handle to end of rear panel bracket. Additional

depth allowance may be required to cater for connecting cables etc.

WARNING

Ensure that the equipment racks are stable and capable o

supporting the weight of the EX7100 terminal before

equipment installation. Note that unsecured racks may tip over,

causing damage to equipment or personal injury

EX7100 Technical Manual - Installation of Antenna and Equipment

2.5 Mounting the Terminal in the Rack

The EX7100 is compatible with the industry standard 19" rack system and occupies 3U1

(VHF) or 4U (UHF) of vertical space.

> Attach the handles to the EX7100 front panel using the handle kit supplied.

> Attach the front panel to the radio terminal using the six screws supplied.

> Mount the terminal to the rack using the four front panel mounting points. Due to the

weight of the EX7100 terminal (approx. 15 kg), it is highly recommended that the

terminal be supported with the use of angled side rails. These rails are commonly

found in 19” racking systems (but are not included with EX7100 terminals).

> Ensure that the terminal’s chassis ground is connected to the equipment rack’s

ground via the chassis earth screw terminal. (Refer to Section 2.8)

2.6 Cable Connections

2.6.1 General

Cable configuration is dependent on the variant of the terminal being installed, i.e. Data,

Exchange, or Subscriber. (Refer to section 1.2)

However, there are some generic connections required, regardless of variant type:

> The RF connection,

> The power supply connection,

> The earth connection.

RF Connection

VHF system: The VHF EX7100 uses an internal duplexer Connect the antenna’s coaxial

cable to the N-type socket marked ‘ANT’.

UHF system: The UHF EX7100 uses an externally mounted duplexer. Connect the

antenna’s coaxial cable to the N-type antenna socket on the lid of the terminal. If the

duplexer leads have been disconnected from RF connectors on the rear panel, it is

important they are reconnected correctly.

The connector marked thus: is connected to the Transmitter. (RF out).

The connector marked thus: is connected to the Receiver. (RF in).

1 One U = 44.5 mm or 1 ¾ inch

EX7100 Technical Manual - Installation of Antenna and Equipment

If the terminal’s transmitter frequency is higher than it’s receiver frequency, the RF output

connector should be connected to the high-pass side of the duplexer.

If the terminal’s transmitter frequency is lower than it’s receiver frequency, the RF output

connector should be connected to the low-pass side of the duplexer.

Figure 2.3 below shows the RF connections for a UHF duplexer.

Figure 2.3: UHF Duplexer Connections

A suitable lightning arrestor must be installed at all

times in the coax cable between the EX7100 terminal

and the antenna.

BRBP

Band Reject

Band Pass

Filter

(HPF)

BPBR

Band Pass

Band Reject

Filter

(LPF)

4 Cavity Duplex filter

High Low

low pass

adjustment

High pass

adjustment

Tx or Rx Tx or RxAntenna

1234567

A B C D E F G H I J

EX7100 Technical Manual - Installation of Antenna and Equipment

The arrester must have a direct earth connection and must be mounted at either the base

of the antenna mast or where the coax cable enters the building. For further detail on

mounting the antenna, refer to the documentation that accompanies it.

Note: Ensure that any coaxial connectors exposed to the weather are adequately

protected with suitable weatherproof tape that completely seals the connector from

moisture.

DC Power Input

The EX7100 terminal is supplied with two variants of internal power supply:

> 10.8 VDC – 30 VDC Input

> 30 VDC – 60 VDC Input

If the terminal is to be powered by an existing DC power supply, ensure the voltage

supplied by the power supply system falls within one of the ranges detailed above.

Note: The terminal has a built-in sensing circuit and will not operate if the supply voltage

or polarity is incorrect.

DC Input cabling should be capable of carrying 15 Amps @ 12V, 7.5 Amps @ 24V, and

4.0 Amps @ 48V. The maximum permitted voltage drop in the cable is 200mV.

Note: The terminal requires an external fuse (not supplied) within the DC Input cabling.

Fuse ratings vary depending on the nominal DC input voltage used:

Nominal DC Input Voltage Fuse Rating

12 V DC 60 Amp HRC type

24 V DC 30 Amp HRC type

48 V DC 20 Amp HRC type

HRC fuses should be used with a minimum current breaking capacity of 5000

Amps (as lead acid batteries are likely to be used to back up the DC supply)

NOTICE

Supply power to this equipment must be provided via an approved

power supply whose output voltages are in accordance with the

Safety Extra Low Voltages (SELV) limits as specified in IEC950.

Failure to operate this equipment with this type of power supply

would void safety approvals

EX7100 Technical Manual - Installation of Antenna and Equipment

Connect the power supply cable to the 3-way connector marked ‘- GND +’. The DC input

lines on this connector are floating and have no power connection to the chassis ground

(neither the positive nor the negative terminal is connected to the EX7100 chassis). This

enables the EX7100 to be powered from either a positive or negative ground supply.

The centre terminal of the DC input connector is connected to the EX7100’s chassis and

may be strapped to the side of the DC input that is at station ground potential.

2.7 Terminal Type Specific Connections

The EX7100 is supplied as one of three types, Data, Exchange, or Subscriber. (Refer to

section 1.2). The interface connections to each terminal type are different.

Connection details for the three terminal types are as follows:

2.7.1 Digital Data Terminal Connections

The EX7100 provides both synchronous Data, e.g. V.35 and CCITT G.703 co-directional,

digital interfaces. The terminal automatically detects the presence of a digital interface

card.

Selection of the interface required is made in software using the front panel keypad. Refer

to Section 3.4.1 for configuration details.

Synchronous Data V.35

Once selected, the synchronous Data interface is made available on the DB15 connector

labelled ‘SYNC DATA’ on the terminal’s rear panel. Detailed pin-out information can be

found in Appendix A.4.

Various adapter cables are available to cater for V.35, RS-232 conversion. Contact your

Exicom International Supplier for details.

G.703

Once selected, the G.703 interface is made available on the DB15 connector labelled

‘G.703’ (for detailed pin-out information refer to Appendix A.3) and also on the pair of

BNC connectors labelled ‘G.703’, on the terminal’s rear panel.

The DB15 connector provides a 120 Ohm co-directional interface, whereas the BNC

connectors provide a 75 Ohm co-directional interface. It should be noted that the arrows

alongside the BNC connectors indicate the data flow to and from the terminal.

2.7.2 Exchange Terminal Connections

The EX7100 Exchange terminal allows connection of six 2-wire telephone circuits; six 4-

wire+E&M telephone circuits, or six 4-wire+E&M data circuits (up to 9600bps).

All circuits are connected to the terminal via the 50-way Champ connector, labelled ‘LINE

INTERFACE’, on the terminal’s rear panel. (For detailed pin-out information refer to

Appendix A.6)

The Exchange Terminal may be supplied with a 3 or 10 metre cable that can be plugged

directly into this connector. The other end of this cable should be terminated into the

PSTN’s MDF. Contact your Exicom International Supplier for details.

EX7100 Technical Manual - Installation of Antenna and Equipment

Note: The EX7100 automatically detects the presence of an Exchange interface card.

The terminal is configured for 2-wire or 4-wire+E&M, in software via the front panel

keypad. Refer to Section 3.4.3 for configuration details.

The Exchange terminal may also be software configured, via the front panel keyboard, as

a point to point Data terminal. Refer to Section 3.4.3 for configuration details.

2.7.3 Subscriber Terminal Connections

The EX7100 Subscriber terminal provides six 2-wire telephone circuits for connection to

equipment such as telephones, payphones, EFT-POS terminals, etc.

These circuits are accessed from the terminal via the 50-way Champ connector, labelled

‘LINE INTERFACE’, on the terminal’s rear panel. (For detailed pin-out information refer to

Appendix A.6)

The Subscriber terminal may be supplied with a 3 or 10 metre cable that can be plugged

directly into this connector. The un-terminated end of the cable may be either wired

directly to the user equipment, to an existing MDF, or to Exicom’s optional Line

Terminating Frame (LTF). Contact your Exicom International Supplier for details

Note: The EX7100 automatically detects the presence of a Subscriber interface card.

The LTF is available with various connector options, as well as optional Primary Lightning

Protection circuitry. Contact your Exicom International Supplier for further details.

2.8 Earthing the Terminal

The provision of a suitable earth for the terminal is the responsibility of the installer. The

EX7100 has a screw terminal on the rear panel to connect the terminal to earth.

This will assist in preventing damage to the terminal from lightning strikes, particularly

strikes to the telephone cables. Protection from strikes to the antenna system may be

provided by fitting the recommended antenna lightning arrester.

For these protective measures to be effective, the system requires a good earth

connection. Mains earth is not adequate, nor is a thin wire or any wire with bends or twists

in it.

The best earth connection is using a suitably heavy wire (e.g. >4 mm2 copper cable)

connected straight to an earthing stake driven into the ground

If this is not possible, connect the earth cable to the equipment rack ground system.

2.9 Other Rear Panel Connections

The EX7100 is fitted with several other rear panel connectors as detailed below. Some of

these connectors will not be used for all applications, however descriptions of their

functions are detailed below.

Note: Detailed pin-out information can be found in Appendix A.

EX7100 Technical Manual - Installation of Antenna and Equipment

2.9.1 Control

A DB9 connector provides access to the internal RS-485 bus for future expansion of the

EX7100, and for back-to-back repeater connection. This connector will allow system

control of externally mounted interface cards that are yet to be developed. The Control

bus is not user accessible.

2.9.2 LMS

A DB9 connector provides access to the internal RS-485 bus to allow daisy chaining of

multiple terminals and connection to an external Link Management device - ELMS. Refer

Appendix B-2.

2.9.3 I/O

A DB25 connector provides high and low priority alarm outputs, and six input/output

contacts for connection of non-latching externally generated site alarms that are sent

across the radio link when triggered.

Important Note: The I/O port is optically isolated. Details of maximum voltages and

currents are given in Appendix A.5. Failure to comply with this criteria may cause damage

to the I/O port.

External Site Alarms

The EX7100 provides the facility to connect up to six non-latching external alarm contacts

which, when triggered, are sent across the radio link. Alarms may include: Site door

alarm, site fire alarm, or generator fuel low alarm.

When an external alarm contact closes, the alarm is sent across the link, via the

engineering channel, and the corresponding output at all intermediate terminals are

triggered. An external alarm appears on the front panel along with standard alarms.

Figure 2.4: External Alarms

2.9.4 RF

Allows connection to an externally mounted Duplexer, if required. (For example, UHF

Duplexer Type 8045)

EX7100

EXICOM

o o

oEX7100EX7100

EXICOM

o o

oEX7100

Repeater

RS-485

EX7100

EXICOM

o o

oEX7100

EX7100

EXICOM

o o

oEX7100

Transmitted

Burglar Alarm

Direction of Alarm

Burglar Alarm

External input 0 goes low

External output 0 goes low

I/O

Receiv ed

Burglar Alarm

External output 0

goes low

I/O

Receiv ed

Burglar Alarm

External output 0

goes low External output 0

goes low

I/O

EX7100 Technical Manual - Installation of Antenna and Equipment

2.10 Powering up the Terminal

2.10.1 General

Before powering up, ensure that all cables are connected correctly and that there is DC

power to the EX7100 terminal. Pay particular attention to the RF cable assembly,

ensuring all connections are tight.

The EX7100 on/off switch is located on the rear panel.

Note: This switch has an interlocking feature that prohibits accidental switch off. To

toggle the switch on or off you must pull the switch gently forward.

2.10.2 Procedure

Turn on the EX7100 terminal with the on/off switch. The EX7100 will perform an internal

initialisation test, before settling to its idle state.

Figure 2.5: EX7100 Front Panel Display - Initialisation Test

In this idle state, the front panel LCD will display:

Figure 2.6: EX7100 Front Panel Display – Idle State

Note: ‘Exicom EX7100’ is the factory default terminal descriptor. This descriptor can be

any 16 character string, and may be changed at any time (Refer to Section 3.4.1).

If this descriptor was specified at time of order, the display will reflect that. For

example:

Figure 2.7: EX7100 Front Panel Display – Order Specified Terminal Descriptor

If the Operating Mode is configured as ‘100%’ mode, the ‘Tx on’ LED will light and the

system will attempt to establish a link with the remote terminal. This condition will continue

until a link has been established, indicated by the ‘Rx lock’ LED being lit.

If the Operating mode is configured as ‘on-demand’ the terminal will not turn on its

transmitter until a valid request is sent from the relevant user interface, e.g. telephone off-

hook.

initialising

■■■■■■■■■

Exicom EX7100

1 Jan 1210:01

Exchange no 1

1 Jan 1210:01

EX7100 Technical Manual - Installation of Antenna and Equipment

It is now recommended that you proceed to Section 3 ‘Configuring the Terminal’, to

ensure that the EX7100 terminal has been configured for your specific application.

2.11 Final Antenna Alignment

2.11.1 General

This part of the installation requires two people, or one person with an analogue voltmeter

plugged into the terminals front panel monitoring point. The voltmeter leads need to be

long enough for the installer to view the display while rotating the antenna.

You will also need to refer to Section 3 of this Manual for instructions on using the

EX7100’s front panel.

Do not stand in front of the antenna, as electromagnetic radiation

may be hazardous to your health. Leave at least 1 metre between

the installer and the antenna as shown below

Figure 2.8: Antenna Alignment

2.11.2 Alignment Sequence

1) Set up a Test Link by following the

procedure outlined in Section 4.3.1.

2) Use the up and down arrow keys to

make sure the →

→→

→ is next to Antenna

Align and then press ‘Enter’

12345678

→antenna align

EX7100 Technical Manual - Installation of Antenna and Equipment

3) The local terminal’s transmitter will turn

off (Tx LED will go off), allowing the user

to adjust the antenna safely. The remote

Tx will remain on for up to 60 minutes.

RSSI is now displayed on the screen as

well as on the voltmeter inputs on the

front panel.

4) While one person watches the RSSI

level, the other should move the antenna

direction slightly until the RSSI level is at

its highest. This is the optimum antenna

alignment. Make sure you stand at least

one metre behind the active element

while taking a reading so as not to cause

interference. Tighten the mounting bolts.

(Note: One person can do both tasks if a

voltmeter with long leads is connected to

the jacks on the front panel.

5) Press ‘Escape’. The link will restart and

the menu will return to Antenna Align.

Press ‘Escape’ again then use the up

and down arrows to make sure the →

→→

→ is

next to End Remote Tests and then

press ‘Enter’.

This completes the installation of the terminal.

Repeat this “Final Antenna Alignment” procedure for the other terminal.

RSSI: -90 dbm

■■■■■■■■■■■

Start tests

→end remote tests

RSSI: -95 DBM

■■■■■■■■■

EX7100 Technical Manual - Installation of Antenna and Equipment

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EX7100 Technical Manual - Configuring the Terminal

Configuring the Terminal

3.1 General

In many cases, the terminal will have been configured in the factory, however it is

recommended that certain operating parameters be checked and corrected as required

before attempting to set-up a link.

The EX7100 is equipped with a powerful configuration, monitoring, and diagnostic, system

that may be accessed using the six-button keypad and LCD on the front panel. The front

panel also has four LED's that indicate the operating status of the terminal, as well as any

alarms being generated by the terminal.

3.2 Using the Keypad

The EX7100 six-button keypad allows the user to scroll through the user interface menu,

and then select, or change, the relevant parameters.

A password is required to allow access to the menu system. This password is ‘1111’, and

cannot be changed. A Second Level password is required to allow amendment of

operating parameters. This password may be changed at any time from the Exicom

default value of ‘1234’. Refer to Section 3.4.1 for details.

Figure 3.1: EX7100 Front Panel Display and Keypad

Direction Buttons

The four direction buttons provide up and down scrolling, as well as moving the cursor left

and right along any particular line.

Example: To change the default second level password from ‘1234’ to ‘2222’

(Refer to Section 3.4.1 for full details):

> Use the right arrow key to position the ↑

↑↑

↑ under the ‘1’.

> Press the up arrow key once to change the ‘1’ to a 2.

> Press the right arrow key twice to position the ↑

↑↑

↑ under the ‘3’.

> Press the down arrow key once to change the ‘3’ to a 2.

> Press the right arrow key once to position the ↑

↑↑

↑ under the ‘4’.

> Press the down arrow key twice to change the ‘4’ to a 2.

> Press ‘Enter’ to accept changes.

Exicom EX7100

1 Jan 1200.01

EX7100 Technical Manual - Configuring the Terminal

Note: The user menu is not a continuous loop. Once the cursor reaches the bottom of the

menu, you must use the up arrow to step back up to the top. Similarly, once the

cursor reaches the top of the menu you must use the down arrow to step back

down.

‘Enter’ Key

The ‘Enter’ key operates the same as a computer keyboard ‘Enter’ key. This will accept

any changes you have made to a parameter, or access the next menu level if available.

This will be indicated by a →

→→

→ symbol.

‘Escape’ Key

The ‘Escape’ key enables the user to back out of a menu location.

3.3 The User Interface Menu

The 16x2 digit display lets the user see two lines of the menu at once. As the user scrolls

up or down through the menu, the →

→→

→ symbol will indicate which line will be selected if the

‘Enter’ key is pressed.

When viewing certain parameters, the LCD will give a numerical reading as well as a

graphical display. For example, an RSSI reading may look like this:

Figure 3.2: EX7100 Front Panel Display – RSSI Reading

3.4 Changing Parameters

This section is split into four areas:

Universal Parameters (refer to Section 3.4.1)

This section explains how to check and reconfigure certain operating parameters, which

are generic to all EX7100 terminals, whether Data, Exchange, or Subscriber.

Data Terminal Parameters (refer to Section 3.4.2)

This section explains how to check and reconfigure certain operating parameters, which

are specific to 64kbps Data terminals only.

Exchange Terminal Parameters (refer to Section 3.4.3)

This section explains how to check and reconfigure the operation of certain parameters

that are specific to Exchange terminals only.

Note that an Exchange terminal normally connects to the PSTN or a PABX. When used in

conjunction with a Subscriber terminal the system provides six replacement telephone

circuits.

RSSI: -95 DBM

■■■■■■■

EX7100 Technical Manual - Configuring the Terminal

Two Exchange terminals may also be configured as a 4-wire Point to Point system. In this

mode, the system provides six, 4-wire trunked audio circuits with E & M wire control

signalling.

Subscriber Terminal Parameters (refer to Section 3.4.4)

This section explains how to check and reconfigure the operation of certain parameters,

which are specific to Subscriber terminals only.

3.4.1 Universal Parameters

Passwords.

EX7100 is protected by two levels of passwording.

The Low Level password is required to access the front panel menu system and is factory

fixed as ‘1111’. This cannot be changed by the user.

The High (or Second) Level password (required to change important operating

parameters) may be changed from the Exicom factory default setting of ‘1234’ to any four-

digit number.

Note 1: If the high level password is changed and the new password subsequently

forgotten, you will need to contact Exicom for a backdoor password.

Note 2: It is possible to disable either/both passwords as detailed below. It

should be noted however, that disabling the passwords will allow any

unauthorised person to change the terminal’s configuration.

Changing the Second Level Password.

1) From idle, press ‘Enter’

You will be asked to enter the password.

Note this is the First Level password

which is factory fixed at ‘1111’

Use the arrow keys to enter ‘1111’, then

press ‘Enter’.

(Note: the up and down arrows increase

or decrease the number above the ↑

↑↑

↑

symbol)

2) Use the up and down arrow keys to make

sure the →

→→

→ is next to Controller.

Press ‘Enter’

3) Use the up and down arrow keys to make

sure the →

→→

→ is next to Passwords.

Press ‘Enter’

4) Use the up and down arrow keys to make

sure the → is next to Change Password.

Press ‘Enter’

Password ∗ ∗ 1 ∗

↑

→Controller

RF PARAMETERS

Set Time / date

→passwords

→change password

disable lo p/word

EX7100 Technical Manual - Configuring the Terminal

4) You will be asked to enter the old Second

Level password. If this is still set to the

factory default value, use the arrow keys

to enter ‘1234’, then press ‘Enter’

5) You will be asked for the new Second

Level password. Use the arrow keys to

change the old password to the required

new password and press ‘Enter’

6) You will be asked to confirm the new

password. Use the arrow keys to re-enter

the new Password, and press ‘Enter’

7) The new Second Level password is now

set. Press ‘‘Escape’’ until the display

returns to idle.

Disabling the Passwords.

1) From idle, press ‘Enter’

You will be asked to enter the password.

Note this is the First Level password

which is factory fixed at ‘1111’

Use the arrow keys to enter ‘1111’, then

press ‘Enter’.

(Note: the up and down arrows increase

or decrease the number above the ↑

↑↑

↑

symbol)

2) Use the up and down arrow keys to make

sure the →

→→

→ is next to Controller.

Press ‘Enter’

3) Use the up and down arrow keys to make

sure the →

→→

→ is next to Passwords.

Press ‘Enter’

4) Use the up and down arrow keys to make

sure the → is next to ‘Disable Lo Lvl’, or

‘Disable Hi Lvl’.

Press ‘Enter’

5) You will be asked to enter the old Second

Level password. If this is still set to the

factory default value, use the arrow keys

to enter ‘1234’, then press ‘Enter’

6) The password has now been disabled. To

re-enable the password, follow the same

process.

Old p/word: 0* * *

↑

New p/word: 0* * *

↑

Confirm p/w: 0***

↑

Password ∗ ∗ 1 ∗

↑

→Controller

RF PARAMETERS

Set Time / date

→passwords

change password

→Disable lo lvl

Old p/word: 0* * *

↑

EX7100 Technical Manual - Configuring the Terminal

Changing the Time and Date.

The Time and Date should be changed to reflect local settings. Note that the date field

follows the UK format: DD/MM/YY.

1) From idle, press ‘Enter’

Use the arrow keys to enter the First Level

password ‘1111’ and then press ‘Enter’.

2) Use the up and down arrow keys to make

sure the →

→→

→ is next to Controller.

Press ‘Enter’.

3) Use the up and down arrow keys to make

sure the →

→→

→ is next to Set Time/Date.

Press ‘Enter’

4) The current time and date is displayed. As

in the example at the start of this section,

use the arrow keys to change the time and

date to the required local settings and then

press ‘Enter’

The new time takes effect when the ‘Enter’

key is pressed.

5) Press ‘‘Escape’’ until the display returns to

idle

Operating Mode.

Ensure that this parameter is set to either:

> Terminal 100% (link is continually up),

> Terminal On Demand (link is up only with traffic),

> Repeater 100% (terminal configured as a repeater transmitting continually),

> Repeater On Demand (terminal configured as a repeater transmitting only with

traffic).

1) From idle, press ‘Enter’

Use the arrow keys to enter the First Level

password ‘1111’ and then press ‘Enter’.

2) Use the up and down arrow keys to make

sure the →

→→

→ is next to Controller.

Press ‘Enter’.

3) The screen will read Operating Mode.

Press ‘Enter’

Password ∗ ∗ 1 ∗

↑

Operating mode

→set time/date

1201:01 01/01/98

↑

→Controller

RF PARAMETERS

→operating mode

set Time / date

Password ∗ ∗ 1 ∗

↑

→Controller

rf parameters

EX7100 Technical Manual - Configuring the Terminal

4) Use the up and down arrow keys to

choose the required operating mode and

then press ‘Enter’.

Note that the current setting is indicated by

an asterisk.

5) Press ‘‘Escape’’ until the display returns to

idle.

Link ID.

The Link ID is the identification number for the link. There are 99 possible numbers from

1-99. (The factory default setting is 01)

Both terminals in the link must have the same Link ID setting. (If a repeater configuration

is used, see Section 8, all terminals must have the same link ID).

1) From idle, press ‘Enter’

Use the arrow keys to enter the First Level

password ‘1111’ and then press ‘Enter’.

2) Use the up and down arrow keys to make

sure the →

→→

→ is next to Controller and then

press ‘Enter’.

3) Use the up and down arrow keys until the

→

→→

→ is next to Change Link ID and then

press ‘Enter’.

4) Use the arrow keys to enter the required

link identification number (0-99)

Note: all terminals in a link must have the

same Link ID (including repeaters).

Press ‘Enter’ to accept changes.

5) Press ‘Escape’ until the display returns to

idle.

Terminal Descriptor.

If required, a 16-character description of the terminal can be set. If changed from the

factory default setting, the terminal descriptor will be displayed on the front panel while the

user interface is idle, and will be displayed instead of the ESN when being accessed from

a remote location.

1) From idle, press ‘Enter’

Use the arrow keys to enter the First Level

password ‘1111’ and then press ‘Enter’.

2) Use the up and down arrow keys to make

sure the →

→→

→ is next to Controller.

Press ‘Enter’.

Change password

→change Link id

Password ∗ ∗ 1 ∗

↑

→Controller

rf parameters

Link id: 01

↑

Password ∗ ∗ 1 ∗

↑

→Controller

rf parameters

→terminal 100%

term on demand

EX7100 Technical Manual - Configuring the Terminal

3) Use the up and down arrows until the →

→→

→ is

next to Terminal Desc. Press ‘Enter’

4) Use the keypad to set the required

terminal description and then press ‘Enter’.

5) Press ‘Escape’ until the display returns to

idle.

Changing the RF Channel Increment.

The EX7100 provides RF Frequency increments of either 6.25 kHz (Exicom factory default

setting), or 5.0 kHz. Depending on the operating frequencies you require, it may be

necessary to change this setting to the other value.

Example: If your required frequencies are not divisible by 6.25 kHz you will need to set the

channel increments to 5.0 kHz.

The procedure below is particular to a link at idle. If a link is already established, or you

wish to change the channel increment remotely, the ‘Change Frequency’ command must

be used to action the changes. Refer to Section 4.3.3 for details.

1) From idle, press ‘Enter’.

Use the arrow keys to enter the First Level

password ‘1111’ and then press ‘Enter’.

2) Use the up and down arrow keys to make

sure the →

→→

→ is next to RF Parameters.

Press ‘Enter’.

3) Use the up and down arrow keys to make

sure the →

→→

→ is next to Chan Increment.

Press ‘Enter’.

4) An asterisk (*) shows which increment

setting is currently in use. If required, use

the up and down arrow keys to toggle

between the two settings. Press ‘Enter’ to

accept the change.

5) If the current operating frequencies are

incompatible with the new channel

increment, the terminal will display an

error message. The operating frequencies

will need to be adjusted as required to suit.

6) Press ‘Escape’ until the display returns to

idle.

→chan increment

Tx frequency

Password ∗ ∗ 1 ∗

↑

Controller

→RF PARAMETERS

Change link ID

→terminal desc

Exicom ex7100

↑

Error: tx,rx not

On 25khz step

→ 5 khz

* 6.25 khz

EX7100 Technical Manual - Configuring the Terminal

Changing the Local Transmitter Frequency.

Ensure the Transmitter is set to operate on the required frequency.

Notes:

- This procedure is specific to a local transmitter. To change the frequency of a

remote transmitter refer to Section 4.3.3.

- The EX7100’s front panel tuning range is limited. If a frequency change of more

than 100kHz is required, it will be necessary to manually retune some parts of the

RF Section of the radio. Transmitter module re-tuning instructions are detailed in

Sections 7.3.3 (VHF) and 7.4.3 (UHF). Duplexer module re-tuning instructions are

given in Sections 7.9.3 (VHF) and 7.10.3 (UHF).

In addition, it may be necessary to replace the Duplexer module if a large change

in frequency is required. Refer Section 7.9.4 (VHF) and 7.10.5 (UHF).

Reserved Frequencies

- There are a number of internationally agreed frequencies that have been reserved

exclusively for Distress and Safety Communications.

It is therefore necessary to prevent transmission on the reserved frequencies (as

well as the frequencies one channel either side of the reserved frequencies)

Affected VHF frequencies:

156.525 MHz (± 5 or 6.25 kHz) & 156.800 MHz (± 5 or 6.25 kHz)

Affected UHF frequency:

406.000 MHz (± 5 or 6.25 kHz)

It is not possible to enter the above frequencies during the Tx frequency change

procedure outlined below (note that this only affects the Tx frequency procedure,

the Rx frequency procedure will allow selection of the frequencies but the

corresponding transmitter cannot be set)

1) The local transmitter must not be

transmitting. Setting the terminal to “On-

demand” operating mode will ensure the

transmitter is idle as long as there is no

data traffic.

From idle, press ‘Enter’

Use the arrow keys to enter the First Level

password ‘1111’ and then press ‘Enter’.

2) Use the up and down arrow keys to make

sure the → is next to Controller.

Press ‘Enter’.

Password ∗ ∗ 1 ∗

↑

→Controller

rf parameters

EX7100 Technical Manual - Configuring the Terminal

3) Use the up and down arrow keys to make

sure the → is next to Operating mode.

Press ‘Enter’.

4) Use the up and down arrow keys to make

sure the → is next to Term On Demand.

Press ‘Enter’. (The Tx On LED will

extinguish after 10 seconds).

5) Press ‘Escape’ to return to the main menu.

Select RF parameters and press ‘Enter’.

6) Use the up and down arrow keys to make

sure the →

→→

→ is next to Tx Frequency.

Press ‘Enter’

7) The current frequency setting is displayed.

Press ‘Enter’ to change the frequency.

8) You will be asked for the Second Level

password. Exicom’s factory default is

‘1234’. If the default password does not

give access, see your System Engineer as

the password may have been changed

(refer to Section 3.4.1 for details).

9) The current frequency is displayed. Using

the arrow keys, change the frequency to

the required setting. Press ‘Enter’

(Note: When the cursor is under the least

significant digit, the frequency will

increase/decrease by the channel

spacing).

The new frequency has now been set.

Press ‘Escape’ until the main menu is

displayed.

10) If required, repeat steps 3 and 4 to return

the terminal to 100% operation.

Press ‘Escape’ until the menu returns to

idle.

chan increment

→tx frequency

Tx: 150.01275 mhz

→change Freq

Password 1 ∗ ∗ ∗

↑

Tx: 150.01275 mhz

↑

→Operating Mode

SET TIME/date

Terminal 100%

→Term on demand

Controller

→RF parameters

EX7100 Technical Manual - Configuring the Terminal

Changing the Local Receiver Frequency.

Ensure the Receiver is set to operate on the required frequency.

Notes:

- This procedure is specific to terminals in their idle state. To change the Rx

frequency while a link is established, see 4.3.3.

- The EX7100’s front panel tuning range is limited. If a frequency change of more

than 100kHz is required, it will be necessary to manually retune some parts of the

RF Section of the radio. Receiver module re-tuning instructions are detailed in

Sections 7.7.3 (VHF) and 7.8.3 (UHF). Duplexer module re-tuning instructions are

given in Sections 7.9.3 (VHF) and 7.10.3 (UHF).

In addition, it may be necessary to replace the Duplexer module if a large change

in frequency is required. Refer Section 7.9.4 (VHF) and 7.10.5 (UHF).

1) From idle, press ‘Enter’

Use the arrow keys to enter the First Level

password ‘1111’ and then press ‘Enter’.

2) Use the up and down arrow keys to make

sure the →

→→

→ is next to RF Parameters.

Press ‘Enter’

3) Use the up and down arrow keys to make

sure the →

→→

→ is next to Rx Frequency.

Press ‘Enter’

4) The current frequency setting is displayed.

Press ‘Enter’ to change the frequency.

5) You will be asked for the Second Level

password. Exicom’s factory default is

‘1234’. If the default password does not

give access, see your System Engineer as

the password may have been changed

(refer to Section 3.4.1 for details).

6) The current frequency is displayed. Using

the arrow keys, change the frequency to

the required setting. Press ‘Enter’

(Note: When the cursor is under the least

significant digit, the frequency will

increment/decrement by the channel

spacing).

7) Press ‘Escape’ until the menu returns to

idle. The frequency change is now

complete.

Tx frequency

→rx frequency

rx 155.01275 mhz

↑

rx 155.01275 mhz

→change freq

Controller

→rf parameters

Password ∗ ∗ 1 ∗

↑

Password 1 ∗ ∗ ∗

↑

EX7100 Technical Manual - Configuring the Terminal

Transmitter RF Power Level.

Ensure the transmitter power level is set as required. The power level is selectable in 3dB

steps (0.25W, 0.5W, 1W, and 2W for a 2Watt system, and 1.25W, 2.5W, 5W, and 10W for

a 10Watt system).

1) From idle, press ‘Enter’.

Use the arrow keys to enter the First Level

password ‘1111’ and then press ‘Enter’.

2) Use the up and down arrows until the →

→→

→ is

next to RF Parameters and then press

‘Enter’.

3) Use the up and down arrows until the →

→→

→ is

next to Tx Power and then press ‘Enter’.

4) The current Tx Power will be displayed.

Press the down key followed by ‘Enter’ to

change the power level.

8) You will be asked for the Second Level

password. Exicom’s factory default is

‘1234’. If the default password does not

give access, see your System Engineer as

the password may have been changed

(refer to Section 3.4.1 for details).

6) The new setting is now in effect.

Press ‘Escape’ until the display returns to

idle.

Interface Type.

Check that the terminal is set for either, G.703 (Codir or Contra), Synchronous Data,

Exchange, or Subscriber as required for connection to your external equipment. This may

be checked on the Framer menu location.

1) From idle, press ‘Enter’

Use the arrow keys to enter the First Level

password ‘1111’ and then press ‘Enter’.

2) Use the up and down arrows until the →

→→

→ is

next to Framer and then press ‘Enter’

3) Use the up and down arrow keys to make

sure the → is next to Interface and press

‘Enter.’

→Rf parameters

framer

rssi

→Tx power

Tx pwr: 2.5 W

→set rf level

Password ∗ 1 ∗ ∗

↑

Rf parameters

→framer

Password ∗ ∗ 1 ∗

↑

→interface

Tx Data Clock

Password 1 ∗ ∗ ∗

↑

EX7100 Technical Manual - Configuring the Terminal

4) Use the up and down arrow keys to make

sure the → is next to the required

interface type. Press ‘Enter’ to accept.

Note that the currently selected setting is

indicated by an asterisk.

5) Press ‘‘Escape’’ until the display returns to

idle.

3.4.2 Data Terminal Parameters

Transmit Data Clock Synchronisation.

For each digital interface, the 64kbps transmitted data may be synchronised to one of

three options. These are:

1) Sync to Rx: Synchronise to clock from incoming data: (slave operation),

2) Ext sync clock: Synchronise to external network clock (external clock operation,

3) Internal Ref: Synchronise to EX7100 internal clock (master operation).

The selection made will depend on the equipment being connected to the EX7100

terminal. Setting the clock synchronisation to ‘Sync to Rx’ will suit most applications that

use external equipment as the clock source (Exicom factory default setting).

Note: The six channel version of the EX7100 uses automatic internal synchronisation,

and does not need to be configured.

1) From idle, press ‘Enter’

Use the arrow keys to enter the First Level

password ‘1111’ and then press ‘Enter’.

2) Use the up and down arrow keys to make

sure the → is next to Framer.

Press ‘Enter’.

3) Use the up and down arrow keys to make

sure the → is next to Tx Data Clock.

Press ‘Enter’.

4) Use the up and down arrows to select the

digital interface being used.

Press ‘Enter’.

5) Select the synchronisation source

required. Press ‘Enter’.

Note that the currently selected setting is

indicated by an asterisk.

6) Press ‘Escape’ until the menu returns to

idle.

Password ∗ ∗ 1 ∗

↑

Rf parameters

→framer

Interface

→Tx Data Clock

→G.703

Sync data

int ref

→Sync to rx

→ G.703 codir

G.703 contra

EX7100 Technical Manual - Configuring the Terminal

Sync Data Polarity.

When using the synchronous data interface (e.g. V.35), the polarity of the clock signals

may become critical to the successful interfacing of EX7100 to external devices. Many

V.35 devices, especially those manufactured in North America, may have their clock

and/or data signals inverted. For this reason, EX7100 allows the user to select either

normal or inverted clock signals.

1) From idle, press ‘Enter’

Use the arrow keys to enter the First Level

password ‘1111’ and then press ‘Enter’.

2) Use the up and down arrow keys to make

sure the → is next to Framer.

Press ‘Enter’.

3) Use the up and down arrow keys to make

sure the → is next to Tx Data Clock.

Press ‘Enter’.

4) Use the up and down arrows to select the

sync data interface.

Press ‘Enter’.

5) Use the up and down arrow keys to make

sure the → is next to Tx Polarity or Rx

Polarity (as required)

Press ‘Enter’.

6) Select the polarity required. Press ‘Enter’.

Note: Some V.35 devices also require that the Data signals be inverted. This may be

achieved by simply swapping the (+) and (-) legs of the Tx Data and/or Rx Data

connections.

Password ∗ ∗ 1 ∗

↑

Rf parameters

→framer

Interface

→Tx Data Clock

G.703

→Sync data

Clock source

→tx polarity

→normal

inverted

EX7100 Technical Manual - Configuring the Terminal

3.4.3 Exchange Terminal Parameters

If a terminal contains an Exchange Interface card, an Exchange menu becomes available

containing the following parameters:

Operating Mode.

An Exchange terminal can be supplied to operate either with a Subscriber terminal: as a

six-channel telephone system, or with another Exchange terminal: as a six-channel,

trunked point-to-point, 4-wire+E&M system. The latter mode enables the user to link

PABX or PSTN trunks using the E&M signal wires as control lines.

1) From idle, press ‘Enter’.

Use the arrow keys to enter the First Level

password ‘1111’ and then press ‘Enter’.

2) Use the up and down arrow keys to make

sure the → is next to Exchange.

Press ‘Enter’.

3) Use the up and down arrow keys to make

sure the → is next to Operating Mode.

Press ‘Enter’.

4) Use the up and down arrow keys to select

the mode required. Press ‘Enter’.

Note that the currently selected setting is

indicated by an asterisk.

5) Press ‘Escape’ to back out of the menu.

Channel Set-up.

Each of the six telephone circuits may be set for 2-wire, or 4-wire+E&M interface, and the

line impedance may be set for either 600 ohms, 900 ohms, or complex (actual complex

impedance network required must be specified: factory standard = BT3), as required by

the PSTN or external device.

1) From idle, press ‘Enter’.

Use the arrow keys to enter the First Level

password ‘1111’ and then press ‘Enter’.

2) Use the up and down arrow keys to make

sure the → is next to Exchange.

Press ‘Enter’.

3) Use the up and down arrow keys to make

sure the → is next to Channel Set-up.

Press ‘Enter’.

Password ∗ ∗ 1 ∗

↑

PSU monitoring

→Exchange

→Operating mode

Channel setup

Point to point

→Ex to Sub

Password ∗ ∗ 1 ∗

↑

PSU monitoring

→Exchange

Operating mode

→Channel setup

EX7100 Technical Manual - Configuring the Terminal

4) Use the keypad to position the ↑ below the

channel number and use the up and down

arrow keys to select the required channel.

For each channel, use the same method to

select the interface and line impedance

required. Press ‘Enter’ to accept changes

to each channel.

5) When all channels have been checked/set,

press ‘Escape’ to exit menu.

Payphone Metering Frequency.

If Meter Pulse payphone operation (12kHz or 16kHz) may be enabled in pairs of channels.

Note that a channel with metering enabled will still operate with a standard telephone

circuit. Note also that line reversal payphone detection is automatic and does not need to

be configured from the front panel.

1) From idle, press ‘Enter’.

Use the arrow keys to enter the First Level

password ‘1111’ and then press ‘Enter’.

2) Use the up and down arrow keys to make

sure the → is next to Exchange.

Press ‘Enter’.

3) Use the up and down arrow keys to make

sure the → is next to Metering.

Press ‘Enter’.

4) Select ‘Frequency’ to set the metering to

either 12 or 16 kHz.

Select ‘Enable’ to turn on the metering

facility for each channel.

NB: All channels can be turned on or off by

selecting ‘ALL’.

5) When all channels have been checked/set,

press ‘Escape’ to exit menu.

Password ∗ ∗ 1 ∗

↑

PSU monitoring

→Exchange

Channel setup

→Metering

Ch:1 2W 600Ω

↑

Ch:2 4W 600Ω

↑

→Frequency

enable

EX7100 Technical Manual - Configuring the Terminal

Transmit Audio Line Level.

For each channel, the transmit audio line level is selectable in 0.5dB steps from

-15dBm to +3dBm.

1) From idle, press ‘Enter’.

Use the arrow keys to enter the First Level

password ‘1111’ and then press ‘Enter’.

2) Use the up and down arrow keys to make

sure the → is next to Exchange.

Press ‘Enter’.

3) Use the up and down arrow keys to make

sure the → is next to Tx Level.

Press ‘Enter’.

4) Use the keypad to set the required Tx audio

line level for each channel. Press ‘Enter’ to

accept changes for each channel.

NB: All channels may be set to the same

value by selecting ‘ALL”.

(Note: Within a terminal the Tx line level

should not be set lower than the Rx line

level. For typical applications with short

telephone cable runs, a Tx line level of

0dBm is recommended)

5) Press ‘Escape’ to back out of the menu.

Receive Audio Line Level.

For each channel, the received audio line level is selectable in 0.5dB steps from

-15dBm to +3dBm.

1) From idle, press ‘Enter’.

Use the arrow keys to enter the First Level

password ‘1111’ and then press ‘Enter’.

2) Use the up and down arrow keys to make

sure the → is next to Exchange.

Press ‘Enter’.

3) Use the up and down arrow keys to make

sure the → is next to Rx Level.

Press ‘Enter’.

Password ∗ ∗ 1 ∗

↑

PSU monitoring

→Exchange

Metering

→tx level

Password ∗ ∗ 1 ∗

↑

PSU monitoring

→Exchange

Tx level

→rx level

Ch: 1 lv: 0 dBm

↑

EX7100 Technical Manual - Configuring the Terminal

4) Use the keypad to set the correct Rx audio

line level for each channel. Press ‘Enter’ to

accept changes for each channel.

NB: All channel may be set to the same

value by selecting 'ALL’.

(Note: Within a terminal the Rx line level

should not be set higher than the Tx line

level. For typical applications with short

telephone cable runs, an Rx line level of

–3dbm is recommended)

3.4.4 Subscriber Terminal Parameters.

If a terminal is configured as a Subscriber Terminal, the following parameters should be

checked:

Ringer Frequency.

The EX7100 is able to be configured to provide either 18Hz or 25Hz ringing frequency.

1) From idle, press ‘Enter’.

Use the arrow keys to enter the First Level

password ‘1111’ and then press ‘Enter’.

2) Use the up and down arrow keys to make

sure the → is next to Subscriber.

Press ‘Enter’.

3) Use the up and down arrow keys to make

sure the → is next to Ring.

Press ‘Enter’.

4) Use the up and down arrow keys to select

the ringing frequency required. Press

‘Enter’.

Note that the currently selected setting is

indicated by an asterisk.

5) Press ‘Escape’ to back out of the menu.

Line Termination Impedance.

Each of the six channels may have a line impedance of 600Ω, 900Ω, or complex (actual

complex impedance network must be specified: factory standard = BT3).

1) From idle, press ‘Enter’.

Use the arrow keys to enter the First Level

password ‘1111’ and then press ‘Enter’.

2) Use the up and down arrow keys to make

sure the → is next to Subscriber.

Press ‘Enter’.

Password ∗ ∗ 1 ∗

↑

PSU monitoring

→Subscriber

→ring

termination

→18hz

25hz

Password ∗ ∗ 1 ∗

↑

PSU monitoring

→Subscriber

Ch: 1 lv: 0 dbm

↑

EX7100 Technical Manual - Configuring the Terminal

3) Use the up and down arrow keys to make

sure the → is next to Termination.

Press ‘Enter’.

4) Use the keypad to set the line impedance

for each channel. Press ‘Enter’ to accept

changes for each channel.

NB: All channels may be set the same by

selecting 'ALL’.

5) Press ‘Escape’ to back out of the menu.

Payphone Metering Frequency.

As for the Exchange Terminal, check that the correct payphone metering frequency is

selected (12 kHz or 16 kHz) for each channel pair. Note that line reversal detection is

automatic and does not need to be configured.

1) From idle, press ‘Enter’.

Use the arrow keys to enter the First Level

password ‘1111’ and then press ‘Enter’.

2) Use the up and down arrow keys to make

sure the → is next to Subscriber.

Press ‘Enter’.

3) Use the up and down arrow keys to make

sure the → is next to Metering.

Press ‘Enter’.

4) Select ‘Frequency’ to set the metering to

either 12 or 16 kHz.

Select ‘Enable’ to turn on the metering

facility for each channel.

NB: All channels can be turned on or off by

selecting ‘ALL’.

5) Press ‘Escape’ to back out of the menu.

Transmit Audio Line Level.

For each channel, the transmit audio line level is selectable in 0.5dB steps from

-15dBm to +3dBm.

1) From idle, press ‘Enter’.

Use the arrow keys to enter the First Level

password ‘1111’ and then press ‘Enter’.

2) Use the up and down arrow keys to make

sure the → is next to Subscriber.

Press ‘Enter’.

Ring

→termination

Password ∗ ∗ 1 ∗

↑

PSU monitoring

→Subscriber

Password ∗ ∗ 1 ∗

↑

PSU monitoring

→Subscriber

termination

→Metering

Ch: 1 600 Ω

↑

→ Frequency

Enable

EX7100 Technical Manual - Configuring the Terminal

3) Use the up and down arrow keys to make

sure the → is next to Tx Level.

Press ‘Enter’.

4) Use the keypad to set the required Tx audio

line level for each channel. Press ‘Enter’ to

accept changes for each channel.

NB: All channels may be set to the same

value by selecting ‘ALL’.

(Note: Within a terminal, the Tx line level

should not be set lower than the Rx line

level. For typical applications with short

telephone cable runs, a Tx line level of

0dBm is recommended.)

5) Press ‘Escape’ to back out of the menu.

Receive Audio Line Level.

For each channel, the received audio line level is selectable in 0.5dB steps from

-15dBm to +3dBm.

1) From idle, press ‘Enter’.

Use the arrow keys to ‘Enter’ the First

Level password ‘1111’ and then press

‘Enter’.

2) Use the up and down arrow keys to make

sure the → is next to Subscriber.

Press ‘Enter’.

3) Use the up and down arrow keys to make

sure the → is next to Rx Level.

Press ‘Enter’.

4) Use the keypad to set the correct Rx audio

line level for each channel. Press ‘Enter’ to

accept changes for each channel.

NB: All channels may be set to the same

value by selecting ‘ALL’.

(Note: Within a terminal, the Rx line level

should not be set higher than the Tx line

level. For typical applications with short

telephone cable runs, an Rx line level of -

3dBm is recommended.)

5) Press ‘Escape’ to back out of the menu.

metering

→tx level

Password ∗ ∗ 1 ∗

↑

PSU monitoring

→Subscriber

Tx level

→rx level

Ch: 1 lv: 0 dBm

↑

Ch: 1 lv: 0 dbm

↑

EX7100 Technical Manual - Configuring the Terminal

Telephone Loop Current.

If the telephone cabling is excessively long, the loop current may need to be increased to

provide extra microphone and ringing current. The loop current may be set to either 25mA

or 45mA, but should be left at 25mA if cabling is short.

1) From idle, press ‘Enter’

Use the arrow keys to enter the First Level

password ‘1111’ and then press ‘Enter’.

2) Use the up and down arrow keys to make

sure the → is next to Subscriber.

Press ‘Enter’.

3) Use the up and down arrow keys to make

sure the → is next to Loop Current.

Press ‘Enter’.

4) Use the keypad to set each channel to the

loop current required. Press ‘Enter’ to

accept changes for each channel.

NB: All channels may be set to the same

value by selecting ‘ALL’.

5) Press ‘Escape’ to back out of the menu.

Password ∗ ∗ 1 ∗

↑

PSU monitoring

→Subscriber

Rx Level

→loop current

Ch: 1 25 ma

↑

EX7100 Technical Manual - Configuring the Terminal

EX7100 System User Menu Flow diagram (Page 1 of 2)

Exicom EX7100

Time Date Enter Password

Remote Tests

Controller

Alarms

Set Time / Date

Passwords

Oper ating Mode

Change Link ID

S/W Version

ESN

Terminal Desc

End Remote Tests

Start Tests

Alarm Log

Current Al ar ms

Link Up Time

Refer 4.3.1 Setting up a

Test Link

RF Parameters

Framer

Controller

PSU Moni toring

Set Time/Date

Change Link ID

Terminal Desc

S/W Version

ESN

Current Alarms

Alarm Log

Alarm Priorities

Link Up Time

Starting remote menu

session

List of ESNs

Antenna Align

Tx Power

Chan Increment

Tx Fr equency

Loop Volts

Tx Temperature

Rx Fr equency

5kHz 6.25kHz

G703 Contra

Sync Data

G703 Codir

Subscriber

Exchange

Sync Data

G703

Loopback

Remote

Local

+15 VDC Rail

-15 VDC Rail

Char ge Current

-5 VDC Rail

+5 VDC Raill

Input Current

Ter minal 100%

Term On Demand

Repeater 100%

Rptr On Demand

Tx Power

Chan Increment

Tx Frequency

Loop Volts

Tx Temperatur e

Rx Frequency

+24 VDC Rai ll

+15 VDC Rail

Input Voltage

-15 VDC Rail

Char ge Current

-5 VDC Rail

+5 VDC Raill

Input Cur rent

5kHz 6.25kHz

Terminal 100%

Term On Demand

Repeater 100%

Rptr On Demand

G703 Contra

Sync Data

G703 Codir

Subscriber

Exchange

Sync Data

G703

Remote

Local

1 Hr

3 Hrs

Off

6 Hrs

18 Hrs

12 Hrs

9 Hrs

24 Hrs

Alarm Priorities

Change Freqs

RSSI Tx Data Clock

BER

Interface

3 Hrs

6 Hrs

18 Hr s

12 Hr s

9 Hrs

24 Hrs

1 Hr

Off

Alarms

+24 VDC Rai l

Input Voltage

Interface

Tx Data Clock

BER

RSSI

Tx Power Drop

Low RSSI

VSWR Alarm

Synth Loss

I/P Volts Faul t

Modem Lock

BER

Int. Rail Fault

Tx Power Drop

Low RSSI

VSWR Alarm

Synth Loss

I/P Volts Fault

Modem Lock

BER

Int. Rail Fault

Sync to Rx

Ext Sync Clk

Internal Ref

Rx Polarity

Tx Polarity

Clock Source

Sync to Rx

Ext Sync Cl k

Internal Ref

Rx Polarity

Tx Polarity

Clock Source

Framer

PSU Moni toring

RF Parameters

Mux Card

(X)

Mux Card

(X)

See Page 2 if Internal Mux card is fitted.

Loopback

Align Mode

Oper ating Mode

EX7100 Technical Manual - Configuring the Terminal

EX7100 System User Menu Flow diagram (Page 2 of 2)

(X)

Subscr iber

18 Hz

25 Hz

Ch: 1 Term: 600

Ω

Ch: 1 Lvl: 0 dB

Ch: 1&2 Off

(X)

See Page 1 for main menu location.

Channel Setup

Metering

Tx Level

Rx Level

Operating Mode

(X)

Exchange

Ch: 1 2W 600

Ω

Ch: 1 Lvl: 0 dB

Ch 1 Lvl: 0 dB

Ch: 1&2 Off

Point to Point

Loopback

Ch: 1 Off

Termination

Metering

Tx Level

Rx Level

Ring

Loop Cur rent

Loopback

Ch: 1 25 mA

Ch: 1 Off

Ex to Sub

EX7100 Technical Manual – Monitoring and Diagnostics

Monitoring and diagnostics

4.1 General

The EX7100 is equipped with a powerful monitoring and diagnostic system that may be

accessed using the six button keypad and LCD on the front panel. (Refer to Section 3.2

for information on how to use the Front Panel User Interface).

The front panel also has four LED's that indicate the operating status of the terminal, as

well as any alarms being generated by the terminal.

It is possible, via the front panel, to view how the terminal is configured (refer to Section

3), monitor various operating parameters (Refer to Section 4.2), and set up the terminal to

generate and log alarms for those parameters that may potentially cause link failure.

This facility also allows the user to access any remote terminals within the local terminal’s

RF path. (Refer to Section 4.3 Monitoring a Remote Terminal). With the addition of the

optional ELMS (Exicom Link Management System) software, monitoring of multiple

terminals is possible (Refer to Appendix B.1).

4.2 Monitoring the EX7100’s Operation

The EX7100 User Interface allows the user to monitor the operation of the various

modules that make up the radio terminal.

This Section details the monitoring method for various parameters as follows:

Note: Many of the instructions listed are similar to the configuration instructions

previously given in Section 3. It is possible to view a changeable parameter without

having to actually change it.

4.2.1 RF Parameters

> Channel Increment

> Tx Frequency

> Rx Frequency

> Tx Power

> Tx Temperature (Displays the temperature of the Power Amplifier heatsink)

> RSSI

> Synthesiser Loop Volts (Displays the loop voltage of the Rx and Tx frequency

synthesisers – Refer RF alignment within Section 7 as required.

EX7100 Technical Manual – Monitoring and Diagnostics

1) From idle, press ‘Enter’.

Use the arrow keys to enter the First Level

password ‘1111’ and then press ‘Enter’.

2) Use the up and down arrows until the →

→→

→ is

next to RF Parameters and then press

‘Enter’.

3) Use the up and down arrows to position

the →

→→

→ next to the required parameter and

then press ‘Enter’ to view.

4) Press the ‘Escape’ key to back out of the

menu system. Pressing ‘Escape’ three

times will return the display to idle.

4.2.2 Power Supply Parameters

The power supply provides the monitoring system with the status of all voltage rails, as

well as DC input voltage and Input current drawn.

> +5 VDC Rail

> -5 VDC Rail

> +15 VDC Rail

> -15 VDC Rail

> +24 VDC Rail

> DC Input Voltage

> Input Current

> Charge Current.1

1) From idle, press ‘Enter’.

Use the arrow keys to enter the First Level

password ‘1111’ and then press ‘Enter’.

2) Use the up and down arrows until the →

→→

→ is

next to PSU Monitoring and then press

‘Enter’.

3) Use the up and down arrows to position

the →

→→

→ next to the required parameter and

then press ‘Enter’ to view.

4) Press the ‘Escape’ key to back out of the

menu system.

1 Requires an external shunt to operate. The shunt is not supplied as standard, it will need to be purchased separately.

→rf parameters

framer

RSSI

→tx power

framer

→psu monitoring

+5 VDC rail

→-5 VDC Rail

Password ∗ ∗ 1 ∗

↑

Password ∗ ∗ 1 ∗

↑

EX7100 Technical Manual – Monitoring and Diagnostics

4.2.3 Framer Parameters

> Bit Error Rate (BER)

1) From idle, press ‘Enter’.

Use the arrow keys to enter the First Level

password ‘1111’ and then press ‘Enter’.

2) Use the up and down arrow keys to make

sure the →

→→

→ is next to Framer and then

press ‘Enter.’

3) Use the up and down arrows until the →

→→

→ is

next to BER and then press ‘Enter’.

4) The value of BER is displayed. Press

‘Enter’ to change the BER Alarm trigger

point.

5) Press the ‘Escape’ key to back out of the

menu system.

4.3 Monitoring a Remote Terminal

From any terminal, it is possible to access the configuration, monitoring and diagnostics

system of any other terminal in the RF path.

Example (1) A two terminal link.

Figure 4.1: Two Terminal Link

Example (2) A link with a repeater.

Data or Six Channel Two Data Terminals strapped as Repeaters Data or Six Channel

Figure 4.2: Two Terminal link with Repeater Terminal

EX7100

Local Terminal

EX7100

Local Terminal

EX7100

Remote Terminal

EX7100

Data

Terminal

EX7100

Data

Terminal

EX7100

Remote Terminal

Password ∗ ∗ 1 ∗

↑

RF parameters

→framer

Tx Data Clock

→ber

Ber: <1 x10E-6

→set alarm point

EX7100

EXICOM

o o

o EX7100

EX7100

EXICOM

o o

o EX7100

EX7100

EXICOM

o o

o EX7100

EX7100

EXICOM

o o

o EX7100 EX7100

EXICOM

o o

o EX7100 EX7100

EXICOM

o o

o EX7100

EX7100 Technical Manual – Monitoring and Diagnostics

4.3.1 Setting Up a Test Link

To perform remote monitoring it is necessary to set up a Test Link with the terminal to be

interrogated, even if a link is already established due to normal traffic. A test link ensures

that the radio link remains in place irrespective of whether there is traffic or not.

Refer to the menu tree diagram at the end of Section 3. Following the path:

Enter Password→Remote Tests→Start Tests→

• If a link is already established due to user traffic:

There will be a short delay while the

system checks for other terminals in the

RF path

1) A list of terminal ESNs1 or terminal

descriptors (if set) found will be displayed

with the closest terminal at the top of the

list. Choose the required terminal and then

press ‘Enter’

• If a link is not already established:

1a) If any Link IDs in the path are unknown,

a Test Link can be established by

selecting Ignore Link ID: and then

pressing ‘Enter’.

1b) If all Link IDs in the path are known, a

Test Link can be established by selecting

Use Link ID: and then pressing ‘Enter’.

2) The link will take a few seconds to

establish a link.

3) A list of terminal ESNs1 or terminal

descriptors (if set) found will be displayed

with the closest terminal at the top of the

list. Choose the required terminal and then

press ‘Enter’

The menu now displays the main menu of the remote terminal. All monitoring, diagnostic,

and configuration parameters are now available for that terminal. The menu layout looks

identical to that of a local terminal menu.

1 If a terminals Terminal Descriptor has been changed from default (Refer to Section 3.4.1) it will be displayed instead of

the terminal’s ESN.

→ 12345678

23456789

→ ignore link id

use link id:xx

→ 12345678

23456789

Ignore link id

→ use link id: xx

Please wait

Setting up link

→ please wait

getting chain

EX7100 Technical Manual – Monitoring and Diagnostics

Note 1: If the remote terminal is unable to be contacted, due to a faulty link or if another

user is accessing the terminal, a message will be displayed:

Note 2: When accessing a remote menu there will be a short delay between pressing a

key and the menu changing, due to the limited data speed of the engineering

channel.

4.3.2 Closing the Test Link

When you have finished the remote interrogation, you should close down the test link,

even if the link was already established (with data or telephone traffic). If a test link is not

closed down manually it will be shut down automatically after 10 minutes.

1) Press the ‘Escape’ key until the menu

display is as shown. Use the up and down

arrow keys to make sure the →

→→

→ is next to

End Remote Tests and then press ‘Enter’.

2) If there is no telephone or data traffic using the system, the EX7100 will close down the link

(both the Tx and Rx LED’s will go out).

If there is telephone or data traffic using the system, the EX7100 will close down the test

link, but the link will continue to operate (both the Tx and Rx LED’s will remain on).

3) Press ‘Escape’ until the display returns to idle.

Important Note:

While a terminal is being remotely accessed, it will not be able to be accessed locally. The

remote terminal display will read:

4.3.3 Changing Operating Frequencies Remotely

As previously discussed in Section 3.4.1, it is possible to configure an EX7100 terminal

remotely, with the process being identical to configuring a local terminal.

There is however, a slight change in process when changing the Operating Frequencies

or Channel Increment remotely, or locally with a link established.

Consider a link operating on Tx 450.000 MHz and Rx 455.000 MHz, with a requirement to

change this to Tx 450.050 MHz and Rx 455.050 MHz.

If we followed the procedure outlined in Section 3.4.1 for an idle terminal, the local

terminal’s frequencies would change but there would be no means of setting up a link with

the remote terminal, as the new local frequencies would no longer match the remote

terminal’s frequencies.

Remote access

Keyboard locked

Couldn’t contact

Remote terminal

Start tests

→end remote tests

EX7100 Technical Manual – Monitoring and Diagnostics

Therefore, we would be unable to change the remote terminal’s frequencies unless we

visited the remote site. Similarly, if it were possible to change the remote terminals

frequencies, and an error was made in doing so, it would not be possible to remotely

access the terminal to amend the error.

For this reason, the EX7100 has a ‘smart’ Change Frequency command. If it is necessary

to change the frequencies of a working link, this procedure must be used.

This command allows the user to enter the new frequencies of all the terminals in the RF

path, and then issue the command to change them all simultaneously. If the link is unable

to be established on the new frequencies, the system automatically returns the link to the

original frequencies.

Important Note:

The EX7100’s front panel tuning range is limited. If a frequency change of more

than 100kHz is required, it will be necessary to manually retune some parts of the

RF Section of the radio.

Transmitter module re-tuning instructions are detailed in Sections 7.3.3 (VHF) and

7.4.3 (UHF). Receiver module re-tuning instructions are detailed in Sections 7.7.3

(VHF) and 7.8.3 (UHF). Duplexer module re-tuning instructions are given in Sections

7.9.3 (VHF) and 7.10.3 (UHF).

In addition, it may be necessary to replace the Duplexer module if a large change in

frequency is required. Refer Sections 7.9.4 (VHF) and 7.10.5 (UHF).

Procedure:

A) Use the procedure detailed in Section 4.3.1 ‘Setting Up a Test Link’, to gain access to

the remote terminal’s menu system.

B) Use the procedure detailed in Section 3.4.1 ‘Changing the Local Transmitter

Frequency’ (steps 2-9), to change the remote terminal’s Tx frequency.

Note: Although the new frequency will be displayed, it will not actually change until the

Change Frequency command is given.

C) Use the procedure detailed in Section 3.4.1 ‘Changing the Receiver Frequency’, to

change the remote terminal’s Rx frequency.

Note: Although the new frequency will be displayed, it will not actually change until the

Change frequency command is given.

D) If the link contains a repeater, press the ‘Escape’ key until the list of terminal ESNs is

displayed. Select the most remote repeater terminal and repeat steps B and C. Press

the ‘Escape’ key until the list of terminal ESNs is displayed. Select the other repeater

terminal and repeat steps B and C.

If the link does not contain a repeater, ignore this step.

E) Press the Escape key to back through the menu.

F) Use the up arrow key to make sure the →

→→

→ is next to RF Parameters, and press

‘Enter’.

EX7100 Technical Manual – Monitoring and Diagnostics

G) Repeat steps B and C. This will enter the Local Terminal’s new frequencies.

H) Repeat step E.

I) Use the down arrow key to make sure the →

→→

→ is next to Remote Tests. Press ‘Enter’.

J) Use the down arrow key to make sure the →

→→

→ is next to Change Freqs. Press ‘Enter’.

K) Enter the Second Level Password and press ‘Enter’.

The link will shut down briefly, and then attempt to set-up a link using the new frequencies.

If it is successful, the link will continue to operate using the new frequencies. If it is unable

to set-up a link (i.e. one or more frequencies is incompatible) the link will again shut down

briefly, then set-up the link using the old frequencies.

Note: If the frequency change is successful, the following message is displayed:

This message refers only to the local RF hop. If a multi-hop frequency change has

been attempted it is recommended that the user access the terminals again, to

check that the new frequencies are correct.

If the frequency change is unsuccessful, the following message is displayed:

The procedure will need to be repeated.

Note: Any traffic using the link during a Change Frequency command will be lost.

L) Use the Close Link procedure detailed in Section 4.3.2 to close down the Test Link.

4.4 EX7100 Internal Alarms

The EX7100 terminal generates the following internal alarms:

> Input Voltage (DC input voltage out of range: approx. 5% from shutdown voltages)

> Low RSSI (Adjustable alarm set point, refer to Section 4.4.4)

> Tx Power Drop (3dB drop below current menu setting)

> High VSWR

> High BER (Adjustable alarm set point, refer to Section 4.2.3)

> Modem Lock (Modems not synchronised)

> Synth Loss (Rx or Tx frequency not locked)

> Link Up Too Long

> Link Failed (Locally generated link failure)

Change freqs ok.

Using new freqs

Change freqs fail.

Using old freqs

EX7100 Technical Manual – Monitoring and Diagnostics

> Internal Voltage Rails (Internal voltage rails out of range: approx. ± 10%)

> Over Temperature Alarm (UHF 10 Watt system only, activates if Heatsink

temperature exceeds 60°C)

The user is able to assign either a high or a low priority to each of these alarms. When a

high priority alarm occurs, an opto-isolated output closes. When a low priority alarm

occurs, a second opto-isolated output closes. In either case, an alarm message is sent out

of the LMS port.

If a high priority alarm is triggered, a link set-up is attempted (if a link is not already in

place) and the alarm transported to the remote end. At the remote end, and any

intermediate repeater sites, the high priority output is activated and an alarm message is

sent out to the LMS port. At any site, the user is able to scroll through active local and

remote alarms via the front panel LCD.

When any alarm event occurs, local or remote, the alarm LED on the front panel flashes

red. When the user acknowledges the alarm using the front panel, the LED stops flashing

but continues to glow red.1

4.4.1 Acknowledging an Alarm

To acknowledge an alarm, follow the menu path:

Enter Password→Alarms→Current Alarms

Use the up and down arrow keys to

scroll through the current alarms until the

new alarm is displayed. This is

recognisable by the flashing * in the

bottom left corner.

Press ‘Enter’ to acknowledge the alarm.

Note: To view the time and date stamp of the

alarm toggle the left or right arrow key.

When the alarm clears, the front panel LED extinguishes. If more than one alarm is

present at one time, the above conditions apply until all alarms are acknowledged, and

then cleared.

Alarm events (either activating or clearing of any local or remote alarm) are stored in a log.

Each entry includes a time and date stamp. The user is able to scroll through the alarm

log.

Note: The alarm log can hold 32 events. When the alarm log is full, the oldest alarm is

overwritten. In the event of a power failure, the alarm log will be lost.

4.4.2 Setting Alarm Priorities

To set Alarm Priorities (high or Low), follow the menu path:

Enter Password→Alarms→Priorities

1 Any remote alarm(s) will be cleared whenever the link closes down, either by a user-action or a link failure.

Local alarm

‘*’ Low RSSI

EX7100 Technical Manual – Monitoring and Diagnostics

1) Press ‘Enter’. You will be given a list of all

alarms available within the terminal

2) Use the up and down arrow keys to select

the alarm you wish to set and then press

‘Enter’ to select.

3) The asterisk (*) indicates which priority is

set for that alarm. Use the left and right

arrow keys to change the priority and then

press ‘Enter’ to accept the change.

4) Continue to check/set the priorities for

each alarm and then press ‘Escape’ until

the display returns to idle.

4.4.3 Link Up Time Alarm

The EX7100 provides an alarm to indicate when the link has been up longer than the set

time limit. This may be useful in the case where a site is battery/solar powered and it is

necessary to know if the link is being held up for any reason.

The Link Up Time Alarm may be set for the following times:

Off, 1 Hour, 3 Hours, 6 Hours, 9 Hours, 12 Hours, 18 Hours, 24 Hours.

To set the Link Up Time Alarm:

1) From idle, press ‘Enter’

Use the arrow keys to enter the First Level

password ‘1111’ and then press ‘Enter’.

2) Use the up and down arrow keys to make

sure the →

→→

→ is next to Alarms and then

press ‘Enter’

3) Use the up and down arrow keys to make

sure the →

→→

→ is next to Link Up Time and

then press ‘Enter’.

4) Use the up and down arrow keys to

choose the required alarm time and then

press ‘Enter’ to accept.

Note that the currently selected option is

indicated by an asterisk.

5) Press ‘Escape’ until the display returns to

idle

Alarm Log

→ Priorities

Low RSSI

→Tx Power drop

Tx power drop

* low High

Remote tests

→Alarms

Priorities

→Link up time

Off

→1 hour

Password ∗ ∗ 1 ∗

↑

EX7100 Technical Manual – Monitoring and Diagnostics

4.4.4 Low RSSI Alarm

The user may set an RF level (-40 dBm to -106 dBm) at which the Low RSSI Alarm will

trigger. To set this trigger point:

1) From idle, press ‘Enter’

Use the arrow keys to enter the First Level

password ‘1111’ and then press ‘Enter’.

2) Use the up and down arrow keys until the

→

→→

→ is next to RF Parameters and then

press ‘Enter’

3) Use the up and down arrow keys to

position the →

→→

→ next to RSSI and then

press ‘Enter’.

4) Press the down arrow key then press

‘Enter’.

5) Use the up and down arrow keys to

select the required alarm trigger point,

then press ‘Enter’.

The currently selected setting is indicated

by an asterisk.

6) Press ‘Escape’ until the display returns to

idle

4.4.5 Over Temperature alarm

The UHF 10 Watt system requires fan assisted cooling, due to the extra heat generated

by the power amplifier. Two fans are controlled by the transmitter CPU. If the heatsink

temperature exceeds 45°C one fan will be turned on.

Every 40 hours (approx) the CPU will switch between the two fans to ensure an even

lifecycle. If the heatsink temperature continues to rise above 55°C, both fans will be turned

on simultaneously. If the heatsink temperature exceeds a maximum permitted level of

60°C, normally due to a total fan failure, an alarm will be generated.

4.5 Diagnostic Tools

4.5.1 System Align Mode

To enable the user to retune the EX7100’s RF section with the minimum of external test

equipment, the terminal may be put into an Align Mode.

In this mode, the internal modem is set to output fixed data patterns, with a constant AGC

level, and the transmitter is keyed on. The user is then able to retune the Transmitter

module as per the instructions in Section 7.

Note: Two modes can be used to retune the RF Modules.

→RSSI

Tx power

Rssi : -75dbm

→set alarm point

Password ∗ ∗ 1 ∗

↑

→rf parameters

framer

* -100 dbm

→-98 dbm

EX7100 Technical Manual – Monitoring and Diagnostics

The ‘CW’ mode provides a carrier output only. This enables the user to verify the

transmitter operating frequency using a standard frequency counter.

The ‘DSBSC’ mode provides a double side band, suppressed carrier output, to enable the

user to adjust the transmitter carrier null, and also to measure Transmitter RF Power

(PEP).

1) Align Mode cannot be accessed if the link is established or the Transmitter is on.

Ensure this is not the case by setting the Terminal’s Operating Mode to “On-

demand”.

2) From idle, press ‘Enter’

Use the arrow keys to enter the First Level

password ‘1111’ and then press ‘Enter’.

3) Use the up and down arrow keys to make

sure the →

→→

→ is next to Controller and then

press ‘Enter’

4) Use the up and down arrow keys to make

sure the →

→→

→ is next to Align Mode and then

press ‘Enter’.

5) Use the keypad to select the required

modulation and Tx power level, then press

‘Enter’.

6) Press ‘Escape’ to disable and exit out of

Align Mode.

Key: MOD = Modulation.

CW = Carrier only.

DSBSC = Double side band at +/- 8kHz from carrier.

Tx = Transmit power level.

Low = Set to lowest menu setting.

Normal = Set to current user setting.

4.5.2 Digital Loopbacks

The EX7100 is able to loopback the 64kbps digital data in the following configurations:

Figure 4.3: Digital Loopback Configurations

→Controller

Rf Parameters

S/w version

→Align Mode

→mod: ∗ cw dsbsc

tx: ∗ low norm

Password ∗ ∗ 1 ∗

↑

Framer

Transmit RF

Received RF

Received Data

Transmit Data

EX7100

Local Loopback Remote Loopback

RF Section

EX7100 Technical Manual – Monitoring and Diagnostics

Local Loopback

In Local loopback mode, the transmit 64kbps digital data stream, from the user interface,

is looped within the framer to the receive 64kbps digital data stream, back to the user

equipment. This enables the user to check the interface between the EX7100 and the user

equipment.

Notes: Local loopback operates for both G.703 and Synchronous Data inputs.

Remote Loopback

In Remote Loopback mode, the received RF into the EX7100 terminal is looped to the

transmit RF line. This enables the user to check the radio path of the system.

Both loopbacks can be enabled for the local terminal as well as the remote terminal.

Enabling Digital Loopbacks

1) From idle, press ‘Enter’.

Use the arrow keys to enter the First Level

password ‘1111’ and then press ‘Enter’.

2) Use the up and down arrow keys to make

sure the →

→→

→ is next to Framer and then

press ‘Enter’.

3) Use the up and down arrow keys to make

sure the →

→→

→ is next to Loopback and then

press ‘Enter’.

4) Use the up and down arrow keys to

choose the required loopback and then

press ‘Enter’.

5) Use the keypad to enable the loopback

function.

Note: Ensure that the loopback mode is disabled when testing is completed.

Warning: Digital loopbacks should only be used with the system set for G.703 or V.35

(sync data) input. Do not attempt to use the digital loopbacks when the

EX7100 interface is set to Exchange or Subscriber. Doing this may cause the

subscriber telephones to ring continuously.

Password ∗ ∗ 1 ∗

↑

RF parameters

→framer

ber

→loopback

local

→remote

off

→on

EX7100 Technical Manual – Monitoring and Diagnostics

4.5.3 Analogue Loopbacks

The six channel telephone version of the EX7100 is equipped with the ability to loop back

the audio on each of the six analogue lines. This function is done within the digital audio

processing section of the line interface card and therefore is transparent to the interface

configuration (2-wire or 4-wire+E&M).

Figure 4.4: Analogue Loopback Configurations

Local Loopback

Each channel may be put into local loopback mode from the front panel of the EX7100

terminal. In this mode, the transmit audio (into the EX7100 terminal) is looped back to the

received audio (out of the terminal), within the DSLAC (Dual Subscriber Line Audio

Circuit) device.

The user is now able to send an analogue signal into the radio and monitor it across the

same line (using a suitable test instrument with built in hybrid network). It is possible to

perform a similar test using a standard telephone connected to the line, but due to echo

cancellation effects, the received audio will sound distorted.

This feature enables a technician to confirm that the EX7100 line interface circuitry is

operating correctly.

Remote Loopback

Each analogue channel may be put into remote loopback mode from the front panel of the

EX7100. In this mode, the received audio from the remote terminal is looped back to the

transmit audio path.

From the remote terminal, a technician is able to send a signal down the line and monitor

it from the same location (using suitable test equipment with built in hybrid network).

DSLAC

LOCAL

LOOPBACK

LINE 1…6

DSLAC

REMOTE

LOOPBACK

LINE 1…6

DSPs

EX7100 Technical Manual – Monitoring and Diagnostics

This feature allows a technician to distinguish whether a fault is within the radio

equipment, or on the external telephone line.

Enabling Analogue Loopbacks

1) From idle, press ‘Enter’

Use the arrow keys to enter the First Level

password ‘1111’ and then press ‘Enter’.

2) Use the up and down arrow keys to make

sure the →

→→

→ is next to Exchange/Subscriber

and then press ‘Enter’

3) Use the up and down arrow keys to make

sure the →

→→

→ is next to Loopback and then

press ‘Enter’.

4) Use the keypad to set the required

channel to the required loopback mode

and then press ‘Enter’ to accept.

5) Press ‘Escape’ until the display returns to

idle

Note: During loopback testing the channel is not available to user traffic. Ensure that the

loopback mode is disabled when testing is complete.

4.6 Bit Error Rate Testing

4.6.1 General

At some time after installation of the EX7100, the user may wish to perform a bit error rate

test in order to confirm that the system is operating correctly.

A BER test may be performed on both configurations of EX7100: 64kbps data or

telephone.

Testing of a telephone system is possible by performing the test at the 64kbps digital level

using the G.703 or Synchronous data interface.

There are a number of levels of BER testing that may be performed on the EX7100 to

enable the user to pin-point the location of a potential fault.

A) End-to-End one direction test: This requires a Bit Error Rate Tester (BERT) at both

ends of the link.

B) Full round-trip test: This may be performed using a single BERT (capable of sending

and receiving simultaneously) utilising the remote digital loopback feature of the

EX7100.

C) Local Interface test: As per B) above, but utilising the local loopback feature of the

local EX7100 terminal.

It should be noted that the results obtained from a round trip test will produce a BER twice

that of a single direction test.

Password ∗ ∗ 1 ∗

↑

Psu monitoring

→Subscriber

Loop current

→loopback

Ch: 1 off

↑

EX7100 Technical Manual – Monitoring and Diagnostics

Important Note:

During the BER test, the radio link will not be available to normal traffic.

Figure 4.5: End-to-End Bit Error Rate Test

Figure 4.6: Round-Trip Bit Error Rate Test

Figure 4.7: Local Interface Bit Error Rate Test

4.6.2 BER Testing an EX7100: End-to-End

A) Connect the BERT equipment to the digital interface port of both EX7100 terminals

(G.703, or Sync Data) as required.

B) Set the sending BERT equipment to provide the clocking source for the test.

C) Set the interfaces of both EX7100 terminals to match the interface of the BERT

equipment - G.703 or V.35 (sync data) - as follows:

1) From idle, press ‘Enter’

Use the arrow keys to enter the First Level

password ‘1111’ and then press ‘Enter’.

2) Use the up and down arrows until the →

→→

→ is

next to Framer and then press ‘Enter’

3) Use the up and down arrow keys to make

sure the → is next to Interface and press

‘Enter.’

EX7100

EXICOM

o o

oEX7100 EX7100

EXICOM

o o

oEX7100

BERT BERT

Bit error rate

tester set to

transmit.

Bit error rate

tester set to

receive.

EX7100

EXICOM

o o

oEX7100 EX7100

EXICOM

o o

oEX7100

BERT

Bit error rate

tester set to

transmit and

receive.

EX7100 set for

remote loopback

EX7100

EXICOM

o o

oEX7100

BERT

Bit error rate

tester set to

transmit and

receive.

EX7100 set for

local loopback

Password ∗ ∗ 1 ∗

↑

Rf parameters

→framer

→interface

Tx Data Clock

EX7100 Technical Manual – Monitoring and Diagnostics

4) Use the up and down arrow keys to make

sure the → is next to the required

interface type. An ∗ indicates the current

interface.

Press ‘Enter’ to accept.

5) Press ‘Escape’ once to return to the

previous menu.

D) Set the EX7100 terminals so that the Transmitted data is clocked from the received

data stream, as follows:

1) Use the up and down arrow keys to make

sure the → is next to Tx Data Clock.

Press ‘Enter.’

2) Use the up and down arrows to select the

digital interface being used.

Press ‘Enter.’

3) Select the synchronisation source

required.

Press ‘Enter.’

4) Press ‘Escape’ until the main menu is

displayed.

E) Set both EX7100 terminals to 100% operation as follows:

1) Use the up and down arrow keys to make

sure the →

→→

→ is next to Controller.

Press ‘Enter.’

2) The screen will read Operating Mode.

Press ‘Enter’

3) Use the up and down arrow keys to

choose Terminal 100%, and press ‘Enter’

4) Press ‘Escape’ until the display returns to

idle.

F) The BER test may now begin. When complete, return each terminal to its original

configuration.

→G.703 codir

G.703 contra

Interface

→Tx Data Clock

→G.703

Sync data

int ref

→Sync to rx

→operating mode

set Time / date

→controller

rf parameters

→terminal 100%

term on demand

EX7100 Technical Manual – Monitoring and Diagnostics

4.6.3 BER Testing an EX7100: Round-Trip

A) Connect a BERT, set to send and receive simultaneously, to the local EX7100

terminal.

B) Follow steps B-E above to set the EX7100 terminals for the correct interface, clock

sync, and 100% operation.

C) Set the remote EX7100 terminal to Digital Remote Loopback mode by first setting up

a remote test link and accessing the remote terminal (refer to Section 4.3.1) then

following the procedure below:

1) From idle, press ‘Enter’

Use the arrow keys to enter the First Level

password ‘1111’ and then press ‘Enter’.

2) Use the up and down arrow keys to make

sure the →

→→

→ is next to Framer and then

press ‘Enter’

3) Use the up and down arrow keys to make

sure the →

→→

→ is next to Loopback and then

press ‘Enter’.

4) Use the up and down arrow keys to

choose the required loopback and then

press ‘Enter’.

5) Use the keypad to turn the loopback

function on.

D) The BER test may now begin. Remember to disable the loopback, close the test link,

and return the EX7100 terminals to their original configurations when finished.

4.6.4 BER testing an EX7100: Local Interface.

A) Connect a BERT, set to send and receive, to the local EX7100 terminal.

B) Set the EX7100 terminal to the correct interface and clock sync using the steps in

Section 4.6.2.

C) Using the instructions given earlier as a guide, set the EX7100 terminal to Digital

Local Loopback mode.

D) The BER test may now begin. Remember to disable the loopback and return the

terminal to its original configuration when finished.

Password ∗ ∗ 1 ∗

↑

RF parameters

→framer

ber

→loopback

local

→remote

off

→on

EX7100 Technical Manual – Monitoring and Diagnostics

4.7 Networking EX7100 Terminals

4.7.1 General

It is possible to create a small network of EX7100 links by connecting the management

channel of multiple terminals together at a local site. This enables a user to monitor and

configure any other terminal in the network, from an ELMS configured PC, using the on-

board remote diagnostic feature.

When combined with ELMS (Exicom Link Management System – refer to Appendix B) an

extensive alarm logging system can be established.

Figure 4.8: Networking EX7100 terminals

4.7.2 Interconnection of Local Terminals.

Interconnection of each EX7100 terminal’s management channel is achieved by simply

daisy-chaining the RS-485 Bus which appears on the LMS port of each local terminal.

Cabling should be screened and pin-out information is detailed in Appendix A.1.

Example: Three terminal bussed site.

Figure 4.9: Three Terminal Bussed Site

EX7100

EXICOM

o o

oEX7100

EX7100

EXICOM

o o

oEX7100

EX7100

EXICOM

o o

oEX7100

EX7100

EXICOM

o o

oEX7100

EX7100

EXICOM

o o

oEX7100

EX7100

EXICOM

o o

oEX7100

EX7100

EXICOM

o o

oEX7100

EX7100

EXICOM

o o

oEX7100

EX7100

EXICOM

o o

oEX7100

EX7100

EXICOM

o o

oEX7100

EX7100

EXICOM

o o

oEX7100

EX7100

EXICOM

o o

oEX7100

RS-485

EX7100

EXICOM

o o

oEX7100

EX7100

EXICOM

o o

oEX7100

Repeater

Local Site

EX7100

EXICOM

o o

oEX7100 EX7100

EXICOM

o o

oEX7100 EX7100

EXICOM

o o

oEX7100

Terminal 1

LMS Port

Terminal 2

LMS Port Terminal 3

LMS Port ELMS PC

EX7100 Technical Manual – Monitoring and Diagnostics

The following table shows the pin to pin connections required for the LMS port connector

Terminal 1 – Terminal 2 Terminal 2 – Terminal 3 Terminal 3 – ELMS PC

Pin 1 - Pin 1 Pin 1 - Pin 1 Pin 3 - RS232 Tx

Pin 2 - Pin 2 Pin 2 - Pin 2 Pin 4 - RS232 Rx

Pin 5 - Pin 5 Pin 5 - Pin 5 Pin 5 – RS232 ground

Note: The ELMS PC connects to terminal three using RS-232. The terminals

communicate with each other using RS-485

4.7.3 Accessing Bussed Terminals.

Using an ELMS configured PC, the user may access any local terminal, or the remote

terminal of any link. An instruction on how to use ELMS is provided within the program.

EX7100 Technical Manual – Monitoring and Diagnostics

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EX7100 Technical Manual - Troubleshooting

Trouble Shooting the EX7100

5.1 General

This chapter describes some methods of identifying problems with the EX7100 and

suggests possible solutions.

The EX7100 has powerful fault diagnosis tools built in. Internal alarm monitoring,

metering and configuration information are available on the front panel and at remote

terminals. Refer to Section 4 for more details on the use of these diagnostic tools.

5.2 Configuration Issues

Configuration problems are not normally an issue with links that are already in operation,

but an initial mis-configuration can prevent an EX7100 link from operating.

When changing modules within the EX7100, configuration problems can arise. This is

because the modules carry the configuration information relevant to them – e.g. the Line

Module carries line level and the other configuration variables relevant to the Line

Module. An exception is that all RF configuration parameters are carried on the

Transmitter module.

EX7100 Technical Manual - Troubleshooting

This page left intentionally blank.

EX7100 Technical Manual - Troubleshooting

Symptoms Possible Causes How To Fix Additional Comments

Antenna or feeder fault. Replace faulty antenna and/or

feeder.

Duplexer faulty or out of

alignment.

Check, align or replace Duplex

Filter.

Low transmit power, low RSSI and

poor VSWR

Transmit and/or receive frequency

incorrect.

Set terminals to correct transmit

and receive frequencies.

Low transmit power, VSWR &

RSSI OK

Transmit power set low. Set terminal to the correct transmit

power level.

Low transmit power, high bit error

rate, VSWR & RSSI OK.

Faulty Transmitter module or

Power Amplifier module.

See Sections 7.3 to 7.6.

Higher than usual bit error rate or

poor sensitivity, transmit power,

RSSI & VSWR OK.

Transmitter or receiver may have

drifted off frequency.

Return to Exicom for alignment.

Low RSSI reading. Can be caused by low transmit

power, feeder and/or antenna

problems, antenna alignment and

receiver problems.

Refer to the appropriate sections

of this manual.

Low transmit power or poor

receiver sensitivity usually cause

problems in one direction only.

Feeder and antenna problems

effect both directions of the link.

EX7100 Technical Manual - Troubleshooting

Symptoms Possible Causes How To Fix Additional Comments

Rx Lock frequently lost. Interference, intermittent

connector/feeder/antenna fault.

Marginal RF path.

A communications scanning

receiver can be very useful to

identify interference sources.

Measurements of transmit power

at antenna, substitution of feeders

and antennas.

A high power attenuator can be

used to confirm the available fade

margin.

Problems with repeater operation. G703 coaxes not crossed over. Crossover coaxes.

No dial tone, Rx Lock present. Line connections to EX7100. Line

Interface module fault.

Check line connections. Refer to

Section 7.13 for details.

Is the fault common to all six lines?

Loop back testing of the line

interfaces can be a useful

diagnostic tool.

Link will not set-up, Tx LED not on System configured for On-demand

Mode

Refer to Section 3.4.1 for details

EX7100 Technical Manual - Cover Removal

EX7100 Top and Bottom Cover Removal

The Terminal contains semi-conductor components that are

sensitive to electrostatic damage.

Electrostatic sensitive devices should only be stored and

transported inside electrically conductive static shielding

bags. Fault finding and module replacement must be

performed at “electrostatically safe work stations” where the

work bench surface; soldering iron and the operator are all

earthed to prevent the build up of harmful electrostatic

charges.

6.1 Procedure

To gain service access to any of the modules, the top or bottom covers must be removed

as follows:

1. Isolate the EX7100 Terminal from the incoming DC supply by removing the DC input

wires from the rear panel terminal block. It may also be necessary to remove any

signalling and antenna cabling.

2. Remove either cover as required by removing the screws. Keep all screws in a safe

place for later replacement.

Warning: The VHF Duplexer module is attached to the underside of the top cover. Extra

care must be taken when removing this cover so as not to damage the RF

cabling connecting the duplexer to the modules within the terminal.

The UHF Duplexer and associated filters are attached to the outside of the

top cover. Before disconnecting the RF cables to the rear panel, care should

be taken to note the correct cable connection.

EX7100 Technical Manual - Cover Removal

This page intentionally left blank

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

Module Descriptions

7.1 General

The EX7100 Terminal consists of the following Modules:

General (Non-RF) Modules

> Power Supply Module Type 2964,

> Modem/Controller Module Type 2966,

> Front Panel Type 2994,

RF Modules

> VHF Transmitter Module Type 8027 or

UHF Transmitter Module Type 8053,

UHF CPU Module Type 8044 (sub-module of UHF Tx Module Type 8053),

> VHF RF Power Amplifier Module Type 8028 or

UHF RF Power Amplifier Module Type 8048 (10 Watt),

> VHF Receiver Module Type 8029 or

UHF Receiver Module Type 8054,

> VHF Front-End Module Type 8018 (sub-module of VHF Rx Module Type 8029) or

UHF Front-End Module Type 8055 (sub-module of UHF Rx Module Type 8054),

> VHF Duplexer Module Type 8013 or

UHF Duplexer (& Filters) Module Type 8045,

Line Interface Modules: (present in the six channel variant only)

> Two wire 6-Channel Exchange Line Interface Module Type 2967,

Four wire Module Type 2967 (optional sub-module of Interface Type 2967),

> Two wire 6-Channel Subscriber Line Interface Module Type 2971,

> Isolated Power Supply Type 2990 (sub-module of each Line Interface module)

Refer to Figures 7.1 to 7.3 for module locations (Front Panel Type 2994 and Duplexer

modules are not shown).

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

Figure 7.1: EX7100 Terminal with Top Cover Removed

Note: VHF and UHF Terminals are identical with the Top Cover removed.

Figure 7.2: VHF EX7100 Terminal with Bottom Cover Removed

Isolated Power

Supply Type 2990

Line Interface Type

2967 or 2971

Modem/Controller

Type 2966

PA Type 8028

Transmitter Type

8027

Power Supply Type

2964

Receiver Front-End

Type 8018

Receiver Type

8029

PSU Measurement

Board Type 2998

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

Figure 7.3: UHF EX7100 Terminal with Bottom Cover Removed

7.2 Power Supply Module Type 2964

7.2.1 General

The Power Supply module (PSU) converts the incoming DC input from the rear panel to

the voltages needed to operate the circuitry within the EX7100 terminal.

There are two variants of the Power Supply1:

> 10.8 VDC - 30 VDC Input

> 30 VDC - 60 VDC Input

The incoming supply may be positive earth, negative earth or floating (with no earth

connection).

Refer to Figure 7.4. The first stage of the power supply is an isolated “forward” converter.

This converts the incoming DC voltage to +24 volts, negative earth. The +24 volt supply is

used as required within the EX7100 terminal and is used to supply a second stage “fly-

back” converter that provides ±5 and ±15 volt outputs.

1 Refer to Section 2, page 2-6 for IMPORTANT WARNINGS re the power supply

PA Type 8048

Transmitter Type

8053

Receiver Type

8054

Receiver Front-

End Type 8055

Power Supply Type

2964

PSU Measurement

Board Type 2998

Transmitter CPU

Type 8044

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

DC Input

From Rear

Panel

Forward

Converter

Isolation

Barrier

Flyback

Converter

+15V

-15V

+5V

-5V

+24V

Figure 7.4: Power Supply Block Diagram

The PSU Measurement Board connected to the Power Supply provides various metering

functions via the terminal’s front panel display (Refer to Section 7.2.2 for details). This is

calibrated to the Power Supply and is considered an integral part of the Power Supply.

7.2.2 Testing and Fault Diagnosis

Note: Refer to Section 5 “Troubleshooting the EX7100” before reading this Section.

The module contains semi-conductor components that are

sensitive to electrostatic damage.

Electrostatic sensitive devices should only be stored and

transported inside electrically conductive static shielding

bags. Fault finding and module replacement must be

performed at “electrostatically safe work stations” where the

work bench surface; soldering iron and the operator are all

earthed to prevent the build up of harmful electrostatic

charges.

General

Front panel diagnostics are available to measure the power supply’s input and output

voltages, and the input current.

To access the PSU Monitoring from idle:

1) From idle, press ‘Enter’

Use the arrow keys to enter the First

Level password ‘1111’ and then press

‘Enter’.

2) Use the up and down arrows until the →

→→

→ is

next to PSU Monitoring and then press

‘Enter’

3) Use the up and down arrows to position

the →

→→

→ next to the required parameter and

then press ‘Enter’ to view

framer

→psu monitoring

+5 VDC rail

→-5 VDC Rail

Password ∗ ∗ 1 ∗

↑

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

4) Press the ‘Escape’ key to back out of the

menu system.

The power supply can be considered to be operating satisfactorily if the supply rails are

within the ranges specified within Table 7.1 below.

Front Panel Measurement Typical Reading Range

Input DC Voltage 10.8 to 30V (LV variant), 30 to 60V (HV variant)

+24 Volt Rail 22.8 to 25.2V

+15 Volt Rail 14 to 16V

-15 Volt Rail -14 to -16V

+5 Volt Rail 4.8 to 5.2V

-5 Volt Rail -4.7 to -5.3V

Input Current Up to: 9A (LV variant), 3A (HV variant)

Table 7.1: Typical Power Supply Measurement Ranges

If the display is not operating or the power supply rails are not within the expected

voltage, follow the steps outlined in Figure 7.5 overleaf.

Accessing the Power Supply

To gain service access to the power supply module, remove the bottom cover of the

terminal as described in Section 6.1.

Before commencing cover removal, switch the rear panel power

switch off AND isolate the fused supply to the unit. Check that

electrolytic capacitors are discharged before proceeding.

Diagnosis

With the unit de-powered, check the power supply visually for signs of damage such as

burnt tracks, or components. If no damage is apparent, apply power to the terminal and

check the voltages in Table 7.2.

Note: Measurements should be made with an isolated digital multi-meter to prevent the

possibility of injury to servicing personnel or damage to the terminal.

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

Figure 7.5: Power Supply Fault Diagnostic Tree

Begin

DC i/p present

on Terminal

Rear Panel?

Check DC i/p

supply, external

Fuse, Wiring &

Connections

Switch on EX7100 Terminal

PSU Meter

Readings ok as

per Table 7.1?

PSU Module

appears to be

fault-free

Remove EX7100 Bottom Cover

Refer to

Caution

notes

Does internal Relay

operate with Rear

Panel Switch?

Replace PSU module

Voltages on all

internal Fuses

ok?

Any/all internal

Fuses blown?

PSU appears

fault-free,

Suspect that

another Module

is faulty

Yes

Replace any blown Fuses

Yes

Finish

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

Test

Number Fuse

Rating Positive Probe Negative Probe Expected Voltage

1 TB1 +ve terminal. TB1 -ve terminal. Input voltage ± 0.5V.

2 10 A Fuse F1, both ends. Chassis Ground 22.8 to 25.2V.

3 2 A Fuse F2, both ends. Chassis Ground 14 to 16V.

4 1 A Fuse F3, both ends. Chassis Ground -14 to -16V.

5 5 A Fuse F4, both ends. Chassis Ground 4.8 to 5.2V.

6 250 mA Fuse F5, both ends. Chassis Ground -4.7 to -5.3V.

Table 7.2: Typical Power Supply Test Point Voltages

7.2.3 Alignment

The Power Supply requires no alignment and has no user adjustments.

Two potentiometers are provided: RV301 & RV302. They are factory set to the required

under-voltage and over-voltage shut down thresholds and should not be adjusted.

The PSU Measurement board has factory set metering coefficients. These cannot be

adjusted in the field.

7.2.4 Module Replacement Procedure

1. Isolate the EX7100 Terminal from the incoming DC supply by removing the DC input

wires from the rear panel terminal block.

2. Remove the bottom cover as described in Section 6.1.

3. Note the connector positions and the way that the cables are run (it is important that

all cables are replaced as they were initially run before the module replacement

procedure).

4. Disconnect the remote on/off switch loom by unplugging SK301. Remove the wiring

loom plug from PL1 and remove the cable from SK6.

5. Loosen the screws of the terminal block TB1 and remove the DC input wires.

Caution: Remove the six ferrite beads (two per wire) and keep in a safe place for

future replacement.

6. Check, using a multimeter, placed between the earth (on TB1) and the fuse carriers

on the PCB, that the filter capacitors have safely discharged.

7. Remove the nine M3 screws and bushes from the heat-sink mounted

semiconductors. Keep them in a safe place.

8. Remove the six M4 screws and washers holding the PCB and keep them in a safe

place. Carefully lift the PCB out of its housing. Do not carry the PCB by the projecting

semiconductors. The PCB can be safely carried by grasping T1 (the largest

transformer) or by holding it by the edges of the board.

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

9. Remove the thermal pads and the insulating bushes and discard them. Inspect the

new pads and bushes carefully for any foreign matter. Small specks of dirt or metal

filings can cause the pad to be punctured when the semiconductors are clamped

down.

10. Carefully remove all foreign matter from the mating surfaces of the new Power

Supply’s semiconductors and the heat-sink contact area.

11. Align new pads with the holes in the heat-sink contact area. Place the new power

supply PCB in its cavity and align the board with its mounting holes. Replace the nine

semiconductor mounting screws and bushes. Do not fully tighten the screws.

12. Replace the six M4 PCB mounting screws and washers. Tighten the screws carefully

(do not over tighten as this can strip the internal screw threads). Tighten the

semiconductor mounting screws.

13. Using a multimeter, measure the resistance from the tab of each semiconductor to

the aluminium casting. All readings should be more than 400Ω (ensure that PL1 is

not plugged in when measuring). If any reading is lower, remove the heat-sink

components and check them all carefully for the cause of the short circuit. Caution:

do not proceed with the installation until this insulation test has been passed

successfully or the power supply will be damaged.

14. Replace the six ferrite beads (two per wire) on the main power cables and insert into

terminal block TB1. Ensure that the polarity is correct. Carefully tighten the screws of

the terminal block.

15. Re-connect the cable loom plug into PL1 and the cable into connector SK6.

16. Re-connect the remote on/off switch loom to SK301. Ensure that all cables are run as

they were prior to removal.

17. Inspect the EX7100 terminal to ensure that it is free of foreign material. Remove and

clean as required.

18. Connect the antenna to the terminal. Check the external DC supply fuse, to ensure it

is not blown and replace if required (refer to Section 2.6.1 for fuse types and ratings)

19. Apply power to the EX7100 rear panel and switch the terminal on. Measure the

output rails with a multimeter and verify that they are all within the specifications as

detailed in Table 7.1.

20. Replace the bottom cover, taking care to tighten every screw. No screws should be

left over at the end of the job.

21. Re-install the EX7100 into its rack and re-connect all necessary power, signalling and

antenna cabling.

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

7.3 VHF Transmitter Module Type 8027

7.3.1 General

The VHF Transmitter module accepts data from the Modem Controller module Type 2966

(via the VHF Receiver module Type 8029). This data is filtered, modulated with a locally

generated carrier, amplified and then filtered again ready for amplification by the VHF RF

Power Amplifier Module (PA) Type 8028.

A microcontroller on the Transmitter Module provides control and metering for the

Transmitter, PA, Receiver and Receiver Front-End (FE). The microcontroller on the

Transmitter module also stores configuration information for the Transmitter, Receiver

and RF PA modules.

Figure 7.6 below shows the connections between the RF modules and the

Modem/Controller module. This diagram should be referred to when reading the VHF RF

module sections following.

Transmitter

Module

Receiver

Module

RF PA

Module

Receiver

Front End (FE)

Module

Duplex Filter

(Duplexer)

PL103

Modem/Controller

Data & Comms

Rx RF

Tx RF

Tx Drive

Rx RF

Antenna

Data & Comms

W102

PL101

PL108

W101

Metering

Metering AGC

AGC, Control & Metering

PL102

SK102 SK101

PL100

Figure 7.6: VHF RF Module Connection Block Diagram

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

Figure 7.7: VHF Transmitter Module in Place within an EX7100 Terminal

7.3.2 Testing and Fault Diagnosis

General

Note: Refer to Section 5 “Troubleshooting the EX7100” before reading this Section.

The Transmitter module provides control to the Receiver module, the Receiver Front-End

module and the Transmitter RF Power Amplifier. It collects measurements from all of

these modules and interacts with the Modem/Controller module.

For this reason, a faulty Transmitter module may cause symptoms that appear elsewhere

while faults elsewhere may cause symptoms to appear at the Transmitter module.

The module contains semi-conductor components that are

sensitive to electrostatic damage.

Electrostatic sensitive devices should only be stored and

transported inside electrically conductive static shielding

bags. Fault finding and module replacement must be

performed at “electrostatically safe work stations” where the

work bench surface; soldering iron and the operator are all

earthed to prevent the build up of harmful electrostatic

charges.

The RF Power Amplifier module must not be run without a

50Ω load on its output. Failure to meet this condition may

damage the amplifier.

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

The RF devices used in the Power Amplifier module may

contain beryllium dioxide. These devices must not be broken,

ground, hammered or tampered with in any way, and should

be disposed of in a safe manner as specified in local

environmental and safety legislation. If safe disposal is a

problem, they should be sealed in an appropriate container

and returned to Exicom for disposal. In this case, it is the

senders’ responsibility to ensure that all precautions are

taken to ensure safe delivery to Exicom.

Accessing the Transmitter Module

To gain service access to the Transmitter module, remove the bottom cover as per

Section 6.1.

Diagnosis

With the unit de-powered, check the Transmitter module visually for signs of damage

such as burnt tracks or components. Check that all connectors are fully mated and that

all socketed ICs are fully home. If no damage is apparent, apply power and follow the

steps outlined in Figure 7.8.

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

Figure 7.8: VHF Transmitter Module Fault Diagnostic Tree

Begin

Module RF output on

correct frequency &

at correct level?

Output Filter

correctly

tuned?

Pow er, Tx

Temperature &

VSWR

measurements ok?

Tune Transmitter

output

Yes

Suspect that

Transmitter module is

faulty

Yes

Replace Transmitter

module

Caution:

Antenna

output mus t be

terminated in 50 Ohms

Yes

Suspect that

Transmitter module is

faulty

Replace Transmitter

module

Transmitter module

appears to be fault-free,

suspect that another

Module is faulty

Finis h

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

7.3.3 Alignment

Re-tuning Of the VHF Transmitter Module

If the frequency of the Transmitter module is to be changed by more than 250kHz from its

tuned frequency, the transmit filter will require adjustment as follows:

1. Remove the bottom cover, disconnect PL108 from the Transmitter module, and feed

this to the RF input of a scalar network analyser (or spectrum analyser with tracking

generator).

2. Set the analyser’s tracking generator output to –10dBm and feed it into the test

socket PL701.

3. Apply power to the terminal. Turn the Transmitter off by setting the terminal’s

operating mode to ‘On-Demand’. (Refer to Section 3 for details).

4. Adjust the Tx output bandpass filter so that the response is symmetrical about the

new centre frequency, and is >33 dB down at +/- 5 MHz from the centre frequency.

The bandpass filter is made up of five tuneable inductors inside an aluminium block.

Access to these inductors is through five small holes in the block. Tune the filter

using a suitable hex tuning tool, starting from the centre inductor and working

outwards. This procedure may need to be repeated several times. Be careful not to

bottom the cores at either end of travel as the cores will break.

Note: The Duplexer module must also be adjusted to suit the new centre frequency

(refer to Section 7.9.3 for tuning details). Failure to adjust the Duplexer module at

this point may result in damage to the PA module

5. Disconnect the analyser and reconnect the PA’s coax to PL108.

6. Set the new the transmit frequency via the front panel as per Section 3.

7. Check that the VCO Loop Volts measurement on TP301 (or front panel) is within the

limits 4 to 5 Volts. If necessary, reset this by adjusting the VCO trimmer capacitor

through the access hole in the square aluminium block.

Carrier Null

The carrier null should be stable over the long term. If bit error rates climb, carrier

leakage could be the problem.

1. Put the terminal into “Align Mode” with DSBSC mode selected Refer to Section 4.5.1.

(Not to be confused with “Antenna Align Mode” as described in Section 2.11.2)

2. Connect a spectrum analyser via an attenuator to the transmitter’s output to observe

the sampled spectrum.

3. Using a narrow resolution bandwidth observe the on-channel carrier’s level. This

reading should be at least 40 dB (preferably 50 dB) below the two adjacent tones, if

this is not the case, re-null using RV501 and RV502.

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

7.3.4 VHF Transmitter Module Replacement Procedure

1. Remove the bottom cover as described in Section 6.1.

2. Note the connector positions and the way that the cables are run (it is important that

all cables are replaced as they were initially run before the module replacement

procedure)

Remove the following connectors from the Transmitter PCB:

PL101, PL103, PL104, PL105 and PL108.

Remove connector PL101 from the Receiver PCB:

(This connector is attached to W102 on the Transmitter PCB)

3. Remove the six M3 screws and washers that retain the module. Keep the screws in a

safe place.

4. Carefully position the new Transmitter PCB into the casting taking care not to flex the

PCB as this can cause damage to the surface mounted components. Replace the six

M3 PCB mounting screws and washers. Tighten the screws carefully.

5. Reconnect connectors PL101, PL103, PL104, PL105 and PL108 on the Transmitter

PCB and PL101 on the Receiver PCB; ensure that all cables are run as they were

prior to removal.

6. Inspect the EX7100 terminal to ensure that it is free of foreign material. Remove and

clean as required.

7. Connect the antenna to the terminal. (Caution: do not proceed until this is done to

avoid damage to the PA module). Apply power to the EX7100 rear panel and switch

the terminal on.

8. If necessary, retune the Transmitter output filter (refer to Section 7.3.3 above).

9. Set the Transmitter, Receiver and RF Power Amplifier module configuration variables

as these are all carried by the microcontroller on the Transmitter module (refer to

Section 3 as required).

10. Return to normal operating mode and check that the link is correctly established. If

not refer to Section 7.3.2 above and Section 5 “Troubleshooting” as required.

11. Replace the bottom cover, taking care to tighten every screw. No screws should be

left over at the end of the job

12. Re-install the EX7100 back into its rack and re-connect all necessary power,

signalling and antenna cabling.

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

7.4 UHF Transmitter Module Type 8053

7.4.1 General

The Transmitter module accepts data from the Modem Controller module Type 2966 (via

the Receiver module Type 8054). This data is filtered, modulated with a locally generated

carrier, amplified and then filtered again ready for amplification by the RF Power Amplifier

Module (PA) Type 8048

A microcontroller on the Type 8044 CPU sub-module provides control and metering for

the Transmitter, PA, Receiver and Receiver Front-End (FE). The microcontroller also

stores configuration information for the Transmitter, Receiver and RF PA modules.

Figure 7.9 below shows the connections between the RF modules and the

Modem/Controller module. This diagram should be referred to when reading the UHF RF

module sections following

Transmitter

Module

Receiver

Module

RF PA

Module

Receiver

Front End (FE)

Module

Terminal Rear Panel

Rx RF

Tx RF

Tx Drive

Rx RF

Antenna

Tx RF out

W101

Metering

AGC, Control & Metering

PL102

SK102 SK101

J101

Duplex Filter

(Duplexer)

Figure 7.9: UHF RF Module Connection Block Diagram

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

Figure 7.10: UHF Transmitter Module in Place within an EX7100 Terminal

7.4.2 Testing and Fault Diagnosis

General

Note: Refer to Section 5 “Troubleshooting the EX7100” before reading this Section.

The Transmitter CPU sub-module provides control to the Transmitter module, the

Receiver module, the Receiver Front-End module and the Transmitter RF Power

Amplifier. It collects measurements from all of these modules and interacts with the

Modem/Controller module.

For this reason, a faulty Transmitter CPU module may cause symptoms that appear

elsewhere while faults elsewhere may cause symptoms to appear at the Transmitter

module.

The module contains semi-conductor components that are

sensitive to electrostatic damage.

Electrostatic sensitive devices should only be stored and

transported inside electrically conductive static shielding

bags. Fault finding and module replacement must be

performed at “electrostatically safe work stations” where the

work bench surface; soldering iron and the operator are all

earthed to prevent the build up of harmful electrostatic

charges.

The RF Power Amplifier module must not be run without a

50Ω load on its output. Failure to meet this condition may

damage the amplifier.

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

The RF devices used in the Power Amplifier module may

contain beryllium dioxide. These devices must not be broken,

ground, hammered or tampered with in any way, and should

be disposed of in a safe manner as specified in local

environmental and safety legislation. If safe disposal is a

problem, they should be sealed in an appropriate container

and returned to Exicom for disposal. In this case, it is the

senders’ responsibility to ensure that all precautions are

taken to ensure safe delivery to Exicom.

Accessing the Transmitter Module

To gain service access to the Transmitter module, remove the bottom cover as per

Section 6.1.

Diagnosis

With the unit de-powered, check the Transmitter module visually for signs of damage

such as burnt tracks or components. Check that all connectors are fully mated and that

all socketed ICs are fully home. If no damage is apparent, apply power and follow the

steps outlined in Figure 7.11.

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

Figure 7.11: UHF Transmitter Module Fault Diagnostic Tree

Begin

Module RF output on

correct frequency &

at correct level?

Output Filter

correctly

tuned?

Pow er, Tx

Temperature &

VSWR

measurements ok?

Tune Transmitter

output

Yes

Suspect that

Transmitter module is

faulty

Yes

Replace Transmitter

module

Caution:

Antenna

output mus t be

terminated in 50 Ohms

Yes

Suspect that

Transmitter module is

faulty

Replace Transmitter

module

Transmitter module

appears to be fault-free,

suspect that another

Module is faulty

Finis h

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

7.4.3 Alignment

Re-tuning Of the Transmitter Module

If the frequency of the Transmitter module is to be changed by more than ±2.5 MHz from

its tuned frequency, the following checks or adjustments are required:

Checking the VCO Loop Voltage

1. Set the new Transmit frequency via the front panel as per Section 3.

2. Remove the bottom cover and refer to Figure 7.12 below to identify the location of

the Loop Volts output feed-through capacitor in the local oscillator module. Check

with a digital multi-meter (DMM) that the VCO Loop Volts measurement is within the

range of 3 to 4 Volts DC.

If necessary, reset this by adjusting VCO trimmer capacitor CV101 as indicated in

Figure 7.12 below. (It will be necessary to remove the screw in the aluminium block

to access the trimmer. Always replace this screw after adjustment).

Figure 7.12: Location of Loop Volts adjustment CV101

Adjustment of the transmitter bandpass filter

1. With the bottom cover removed, disconnect PL103 (to PA Module) and remove the

“Tx RF out” SMB lead from socket PL107. Connect the RF input of a Spectrum

Analyser with Tracking Generator or scalar network analyser to socket PL107.

2. Set the analyser’s tracking generator output to –10dBm. Feed the tracking generator

output into SK303.

3. Apply power to the terminal. Turn the Transmitter off by setting the terminal’s

operating mode to ‘On-Demand’. (Refer to Section 3 for details).

4. Adjust the two helicals within the output filter to achieve a suitable flat passband at

the desired frequency. The passband should be approximately 5.0 MHz wide and flat

within +/- 2.0 dB across that band.

Note: The Duplexer module must also be adjusted to suit the new centre frequency

(refer to Section 7.10.3 for tuning details). Failure to adjust the Duplexer module at

this point may result in damage to the PA module

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

5. Disconnect the analyser input and output from the PCB and reconnect for normal

operation.

Carrier Null

The carrier null should be stable over the long term. If bit error rates climb, carrier

leakage could be the problem.

1. Put the terminal into “Align Mode” with DSBSC mode selected. Refer to Section 4.5.1

(Not to be confused with “Antenna Align Mode” as described in Section 2.11.2)

2. Connect a spectrum analyser via an attenuator to the transmitter’s output to observe

the sampled spectrum.

3. Using a narrow resolution bandwidth observe the on-channel carrier’s level. This

reading should be at least 40 dB (preferably 55 dB) below the two adjacent tones. If

this is not the case, re-null using the two adjustment pots RV201 and RV202 (see

note below) on the main Tx PCB. The adjustment pot RV203 adjusts the I/Q bias

voltage and under normal circumstances will not need adjustment. If adjustment is

necessary, the voltage can be monitored on test point TP201 and should be 1.7V ±

20mV. Upon adjustment of this voltage, re-check the carrier null.

Note: The RF CPU will have to be moved out of the way (but not disconnected) in

order to access the adjustment pots. Do so by removing the four mounting screws

and easing the module out of the way.

7.4.4 UHF Transmitter Module Replacement Procedure

Note: It is necessary to remove the CPU sub-module prior to replacing the Transmitter

module, however, the CPU sub-module can be replaced without removal of the

Transmitter module.

Replacement of the Type 8044 Sub-Module

1. Remove the bottom cover as described in Section 6.1.

2. Note the connector positions and the way that the cables are run (it is important that

all cables are replaced as they were initially run before the module replacement

procedure)

Remove the following connectors from the CPU sub-module PCB:

PL102, PL103 and PL104

Remove connector PL101 from the Receiver PCB:

(This connector is attached to W101 on the CPU sub-module PCB)

3. Remove the four M3 screws and washers that retain the CPU sub-module. Keep the

screws in a safe place.

4. Position the new CPU sub-module and replace the four M3 screws and washers.

Tighten the screws carefully

5. Reconnect connectors PL102, PL103 and PL104 on the CPU sub-module and

connector PL101 on the Receiver PCB; ensure that all cables are run as they were

prior to removal.

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

6. Inspect the EX7100 terminal to ensure that it is free of foreign material. Remove and

clean as required.

7. Connect the antenna to the terminal. (Caution: do not proceed until this is done to

avoid damage to the PA module). Apply power to the EX7100 rear panel and switch

the terminal on.

8. If necessary, retune the Transmitter output filter (refer to Section 7.4.3 above).

9. Set the Transmitter, Receiver and RF Power Amplifier module configuration variables

as these are all carried by the microcontroller on the Transmitter module (refer to

Section 3 as required).

10. Return to normal operating mode and check that the link is correctly established. If

not refer to Section 7.4.2 above and Section 5 “Troubleshooting” as required.

11. Replace the bottom cover, taking care to tighten every screw. No screws should be

left over at the end of the job

12. Re-install the EX7100 into its rack and re-connect all necessary power, signalling and

antenna cabling.

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

Removal of the Transmitter module

1. Remove the CPU sub-module as previously described.

Remove the following connectors from the Transmitter PCB:

PL101 (DC input), PL103 (connection to the PA), and PL107 (SMB connector, “Tx

RF out).

2. Remove the three stand-offs and the three M3 screws and washers that hold the

Transmitter module into the casting, then remove the Transmitter module, keeping

all fastenings in a safe place.

3. Carefully position the new Transmitter PCB into the casting taking care not to flex the

PCB as this can cause damage to the surface mounted components. Replace the

stand-offs and M3 PCB mounting screws and washers. Tighten the screws carefully.

4. Replace the CPU sub-module as previously described and reconnect connectors

PL101, PL103 and PL107 on the Transmitter module. Ensure that all cables are run

as they were prior to removal.

5. Inspect the EX7100 terminal to ensure that it is free of foreign material. Remove and

clean as required.

6. Connect the antenna to the terminal. (Caution: do not proceed until this is done to

avoid damage to the PA module). Apply power to the EX7100 rear panel and switch

the terminal on.

7. If necessary, retune the Transmitter output filter (refer to Section 7.4.3 above).

8. Set the Transmitter, Receiver and RF Power Amplifier module configuration variables

(refer to Section 3 as required).

9. Return to normal operating mode and check that the link is correctly established. If

not refer to Section 7.4.2 above and Section 5 “Troubleshooting” as required.

10. Replace the bottom cover, taking care to tighten every screw. No screws should be

left over at the end of the job.

11. Re-install the EX7100 back into its rack and re-connect all necessary power,

signalling and antenna cabling.

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

7.5 VHF RF Power Amplifier Module Type 8028

7.5.1 General

The VHF RF Power Amplifier module is driven by a modulated signal on the required RF

frequency by the VHF Transmitter module Type 8027. Refer to Figure 7.6 “VHF RF

Connection Diagram” for details.

The Transmitter module maintains a constant RF output power adjusting the drive level

as necessary.

Various metering outputs, including forward power, reverse power and heat sink

temperature, are monitored by the Transmitter module (refer to Section 4.2.1).

Figure 7.13: VHF RF Power Amplifier Module in Place within an EX7100 Terminal

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

7.5.2 Testing and Fault Diagnosis

Note: Refer to Section 5 “Troubleshooting the EX7100” before reading this Section.

The module contains semi-conductor components that are

sensitive to electrostatic damage.

Electrostatic sensitive devices should only be stored and

transported inside electrically conductive static shielding

bags. Fault finding and module replacement must be

performed at “electrostatically safe work stations” where the

work bench surface, soldering iron and the operator are all

earthed to prevent the build up of harmful electrostatic

charges.

The RF Power Amplifier module must not be run without a

50Ω load on its output. Failure to meet this condition may

damage the amplifier.

The RF devices used in the Power Amplifier module may

contain beryllium dioxide. These devices must not be broken,

ground, hammered or tampered with in any way, and should

be disposed of in a safe manner as specified in local

environmental and safety legislation. If safe disposal is a

problem, they should be sealed in an appropriate container

and returned to Exicom for disposal. In this case, it is the

senders’ responsibility to ensure that all precautions are

taken to ensure safe delivery to Exicom.

VHF RF Power Amplifier Module Testing

Module DC Input Power Measurement

1. Remove the bottom cover of the terminal as described in Section 6.1.

2. The power supply provided to the RF Power Amplifier (connected at PL104) can be

measured at PL103 on the Transmitter PCB by directly accessing the pins with a

multimeter. Refer to Table 7.3 below for expected voltages on PL103

Pin Number on PL103 Expected Voltage

1 Ground

2 +14 to 16 V

3 +14 to 16 V

4 +22.8 to 25.4 V

Table 7.3: Power Amplifier Module DC Input Voltages

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

RF Output Power Measurement

Note: Without available RF test equipment, RF Power Amplifier faults can only be

confirmed by substitution of the module.

If an RF signal generator, RF power meter and suitable test load are available, it is

possible to undertake a simple functional test of the RF Power Amplifier module. Refer to

Figure 7.14 below for equipment connection details.

Signal

Generator

-20 to -10dBm

RF Power

Amplifier Module

Under Test

RF Power

Meter (Bird

or similar)

50Ω 10

Watt Load

RF Input

PL100

RF Output

PL102

Figure 7.14: VHF PA Module Test set-up

1. Connect the cable attached to PL108 (Transmitter PCB) to the output of the signal

generator (set to the desired transmit frequency at -20 dBm output level).

2. Connect the RF power meter to PL102 (RF output).

3. The RF Power Amplifier should be able to produce a reading on the RF power meter

of approximately 6.5 Watts when the signal level from the signal generator is slowly

increased from –20 to –10dBm.

If this is the case, the RF Power Amplifier is probably functioning correctly.

Confirm that with approximately 6.5 Watts RF output from the PA module, there is a

forward power reading shown on the LCD of the EX7100 terminal.

Refer to Section 4.2.1 for details of the forward power measurement process.

Note: The front panel LCD reading will not be correct as the terminal is calibrated for a

complex waveform).

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

Figure 7.15: Bottom Cover Screws for VHF PA Removal

Figure 7.16: Heat Sink Screws for VHF PA Removal

Note: Screws marked (A) and (B) may not be present if the EX7100 Terminal contains

the VHF Fan Box Type 61-8057-00002 (refer to the supplement at the front of this

Manual for further details)

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

7.5.3 Alignment

There are no user adjustments available on the RF Power Amplifier module. Specialist

factory test equipment and procedures are required to correctly set up the amplifier.

Module Re-tuning

The RF Power Amplifier module is a broad band device and does not require adjustment.

7.5.4 VHF RF Power Amplifier Replacement Procedure

This procedure covers the replacement of the RF Power Amplifier Module1.

1. Isolate the EX7100 Terminal from the incoming DC Supply by removing the DC input

wires from the rear panel terminal block.

2. Remove the seven screws securing the bottom cover of the terminal to the finned

heat sink casting as per Figure 7.15.

3. Remove the seven cap screws holding the heat sink casting to the main casting as

per Figure 7.16.

4. Carefully ease the heat sink away from the terminal making sure not to damage the

connecting cables. Note the connector positions and the way that the cables are run

(it is important that all cables are replaced as they were initially run before the module

replacement procedure)

5. Remove the Duplexer cable PL102 from the PA PCB, also remove the mating end of

the following connections: PL100 (to PL108 transmitter PCB), PL103 (to PL105

transmitter PCB) and PL104 (to PL103 transmitter PCB).

6. Carefully reconnect the above cables to the new Power Amplifier and position the

new module inside the EX7100 terminal casting.

7. Refit the seven cap screws holding the heat sink casting into the main casting. (Refer

to Figure 7.16)

8. Inspect the EX7100 terminal to ensure that it is free of foreign material. Remove and

clean as required.

9. Replace the seven screws securing the bottom cover of the terminal to the finned

heat sink casting. (Refer to Figure 7.15).

10. Connect the antenna to the terminal. Apply power to the EX7100 rear panel and

switch the terminal on.

11. Return to normal operating mode and check that the link is correctly established. If

not refer to Testing & Fault Diagnosis (Section 7.5.2).

12. Re-install the EX7100 back into its rack and re-connect all necessary power,

signalling and antenna cabling.

1 If the VHF Terminal contains the Fan Box Type 8057, please refer to the supplement at the start of this Manual for

removal details prior to replacing the RF Power Amplifier.

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

7.6 UHF RF Power Amplifier Module Type 8048

7.6.1 General

The UHF RF Power Amplifier module is driven by a modulated signal on the required RF

frequency by the UHF Transmitter module Type 8053. Refer to Figure 7.9 “UHF RF

Connection Diagram” for details.

The Power Amplifier module maintains a constant gain of 50dB; with RF output power

being adjusted in the transmitter drive stage.

Various metering outputs, including forward power, reverse power and heat sink

temperature, are monitored by the Transmitter module (refer to Section 4.2.1).

The Power Amplifier is a wideband device covering 380-520MHz without manual

retuning.

To assist in cooling, dual fans and an enclosure are fitted over and around the PA

heatsink

Figure 7.17: UHF RF Power Amplifier Module in Place within an EX7100 Terminal

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

7.6.2 Testing and Fault Diagnosis

Note: Refer to Section 5 “Troubleshooting the EX7100” before reading this Section.

The module contains semi-conductor components that are

sensitive to electrostatic damage.

Electrostatic sensitive devices should only be stored and

transported inside electrically conductive static shielding

bags. Fault finding and module replacement must be

performed at “electrostatically safe work stations” where the

work bench surface, soldering iron and the operator are all

earthed to prevent the build up of harmful electrostatic

charges.

The RF Power Amplifier module must not be run without a

50Ω load on its output. Failure to meet this condition may

damage the amplifier.

The RF devices used in the Power Amplifier module may

contain beryllium dioxide. These devices must not be broken,

ground, hammered or tampered with in any way, and should

be disposed of in a safe manner as specified in local

environmental and safety legislation. If safe disposal is a

problem, they should be sealed in an appropriate container

and returned to Exicom for disposal. In this case, it is the

senders’ responsibility to ensure that all precautions are

taken to ensure safe delivery to Exicom.

UHF RF Power Amplifier Module Testing

Module DC Input Power Measurement

1. Remove the bottom cover of the terminal as described in Section 6.1.

2. Measure the power supply to the RF Power Amplifier module on the Tx PCB with a

multimeter (by directly accessing the pins within PL103). Refer to Table 3.3 below for

expected voltages on PL104.

Pin Number on PL103 Expected Voltage

1 Ground

2 +14 to 16 V

3 +14 to 16 V

4 +22.8 to 25.4 V

Table 7.3: Power Amplifier Module DC Input Voltages

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

RF Output Power Measurement

Note: Without available RF test equipment, RF Power Amplifier faults can only be

confirmed by substitution of the module.

If an RF signal generator, RF power meter and suitable test load are available, it is

possible to undertake a simple functional test of the RF Power Amplifier module. Refer to

Figure 7.18 below for equipment connection details.

Signal

Generator

-20 to -10dBm

RF Power

Amplifier Module

Under Test

RF Power

Meter (Bird

or similar)

50Ω 10 W

load

RF Input

J101

RF Output

PL102

Figure 7.18: UHF PA Module Test set-up

1. Disconnect the cable attached to “Tx RF out” SMB connector on the Tx PCB, and

reconnect this to the output of the signal generator (set to the desired transmit

frequency at -20 dBm output level).

2. Connect the RF power meter to PL102 (RF output).

3. The RF Power Amplifier should be able to produce a reading on the RF power meter

of approximately 6.5 Watts when the signal level from the signal generator is slowly

increased from –20 to –10dBm.

If this is the case, the RF Power Amplifier is probably functioning correctly.

Confirm that with approximately 6.5 Watts RF output from the PA module, there is a

forward power reading shown on the LCD of the EX7100 terminal.

Refer to Section 4.2.1 for details of the forward power measurement process.

Note: The front panel LCD reading will not be correct as the terminal is calibrated for a

complex waveform).

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

Figure 7.19: Bottom Cover Screws for UHF PA Removal

Figure 7.20: Heat Sink Screws for UHF PA Removal

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

7.6.3 Alignment

There are no user adjustments available on the RF Power Amplifier module. Specialist

factory test equipment and procedures are required to correctly set up the amplifier.

Module Re-tuning

The RF Power Amplifier module is a broad band device and does not require adjustment.

7.6.4 UHF RF Power Amplifier Replacement Procedure

This procedure covers the replacement of the RF Power Amplifier Module.

Note: Under NO circumstances must the terminal be connected to DC supply without the

Antenna port being terminated. Powering up of the PA without a load will result in

the PA being damaged.

1. Isolate the EX7100 Terminal from the incoming DC Supply by removing the DC input

wires from the rear panel terminal block.

2. Remove the bottom cover of the terminal as per Section 6.1.

3. Remove the six screws securing the cooling fan box assembly (see Figure 7.19) to

the PA heatsink to reveal the heatsink securing screws.

4. Ease the Fan Box away from the PA Heatsink, disconnect Fan control wires from the

terminal block, and then remove the Fan Box. Note the position of wires and the way

that the wires are run.

5. Remove the seven cap screws holding the heat sink casting to the main casting as

per Figure 7.20.

6. Carefully ease the heat sink away from the terminal making sure not to damage the

connecting cables. Note the connector positions and the way that the cables are run

(it is important that all cables are replaced as they were initially run before the

module replacement procedure)

7. Remove the RF cable PL102 from the PA PCB, also remove the mating end of the

following connections: J101 (to “Tx RF out”, transmitter PCB), PL103 (to RF CPU

PCB) and PL104 (to white 4-way connector, transmitter PCB).

8. Carefully reconnect the above cables to the new Power Amplifier and position the

new module inside the EX7100 terminal casting. Refit the seven cap screws holding

the heat sink casting into the main casting. (Refer to Figure 7.20)

9. Reconnect the Fan control wires as noted in 4. above and position the Fan Box over

the PA Heatsink. Refit the six screws securing the Fan Box to the PA Heatsink

(Refer to Figure 7.19).

10. Inspect the EX7100 terminal to ensure that it is free of foreign material. Remove and

clean as required.

11. Refit the bottom cover of the terminal as per Section 6.1.

12. Connect the antenna to the terminal. Apply power to the EX7100 rear panel and

switch the terminal on.

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

13. Return to normal operating mode and check that the link is correctly established. If

not refer to Testing & Fault Diagnosis (Section 7.6.2).

14. Re-install the EX7100 back into its rack and re-connect all necessary power,

signalling and antenna cabling.

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

7.7 VHF Receiver Module Type 8029

7.7.1 General

Received RF is passed from the antenna through the Duplexer to the Front End sub-

module Type 8018 where it is filtered and amplified. This RF is applied to the Receiver

module’s RF input, it is then filtered, amplified, mixed and demodulated.

The microcontroller on the Transmitter module provides metering for the receiver,

generates the automatic gain control (AGC) voltages, controls the Receiver module’s

synthesisers and stores receiver configuration information.

Figure 7.21: VHF Receiver Module in Place within Terminal

7.7.2 Testing and Fault Diagnosis

General

Note: Refer to Section 5 “Troubleshooting the EX7100” before reading this section.

The Transmitter module provides control to both the Receiver module and the Receiver

Front-End module (AGC and synthesiser setting) and also collects measurements from

the Receiver modules. An apparent Receiver problem may actually be caused by a fault

with the Transmitter module.

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

The module contains semi-conductor components that are

sensitive to electrostatic damage.

Electrostatic sensitive devices should only be stored and

transported inside electrically conductive static shielding

bags. Fault finding and module replacement must be

performed at “electrostatically safe work stations” where the

work bench surface, soldering iron and the operator are all

earthed to prevent the build up of harmful electrostatic

charges.

Accessing the VHF Receiver Module

To gain service access to the Receiver module, remove the bottom cover as per Section

6.1.

Diagnosis

With the unit de-powered, check the receiver module visually for signs of damage such

as burnt tracks or components. Check that all connectors are fully mated. If no damage

is apparent, apply power and follow the steps outlined in Figure 7.22 overleaf

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

Figure 7.22: VHF Receiver Module Fault Diagnostic Tree

Begin

Rec eive

Frequency

correct?

Rec eiver

Front-end tuned

correctly?

Set correct

Receive Frequency

Yes

Caution:

Antenna

output mus t be

terminated in 50 Ohms

Yes

Tune Front-end filter

RSSI

Measurements

OK?

Finish

Suspect that Receiver

or Transmitter module

is faulty

Receiver module appears

to be fault-free, suspect

that another Module is

faulty

Replace Receiver or

Transmitter Module

Yes

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

7.7.3 Alignment

Module Re-tuning

The main Receiver module should not require any adjustment when being re-channelled.

The Receiver Front-End module Type 8018 requires adjustment of the receiver bandpass

filters.

Note: There are three variants of the Front-End module, one covering 138-148MHz, one

covering 147-162MHz, and the other 159-174MHz.

The front-end bandpass filter requires adjustment when the receiver frequency is being

changed by more than 250kHz from the filter’s previous centre frequency.

1. Set terminal to ‘On-demand’ mode to ensure the transmitter is turned off.

2. Remove the bottom cover as described in Section 6.1; disconnect the coaxes from

SK101 and SK102 on the Receiver Front-End module. Feed the output of SK102 to

the RF input of a scalar network analyser (or spectrum analyser with tracking

generator), with reference amplitude of 0dBm and span of 4MHz/div.

3. Set the RF output of the analyser’s tracking generator level to -40dBm and feed it into

test socket SK101 on the Receiver Front-End module.

4. Using a suitable hex tuning tool, gradually adjust the Front-End bandpass filter, to

“walk” the filter response along, until it is centred on the desired receive frequency.

(The filter is made up of five tuneable inductors inside an aluminium block; access is

made through the five small holes in the block.) Tune the filter starting from the

centre inductor and working outwards. This procedure may need to be repeated a

number of times. Be careful not to bottom the cores at either end of travel as the

cores will break.

5. Remove the can lid from the Front-End. Adjust FL101 for maximum signal. Note that

FL101 consists of two filters.

6. Set the span of the spectrum analyser to 2MHz/div. Repeat the adjustment of the

controls above and also CV101, CV102 and CV103 for maximum gain and sharpest

response at the desired receive frequency. Check that the filter response is >34dB

down at ±5MHz from centre frequency.

7. Disconnect the analyser. Reconnect the Duplexer to SK101 and the Receiver Module

to SK102.

8. Set the new receive frequency from the front panel per Section 3.

9. Check that the VCO Loop Volts (TP401) measured on the receiver main board (or

from the front panel) is within the limits, 4 to 5 Volts. If necessary, reset the loop volts

to 5 volts by adjusting the VCO trimmer capacitor.

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

Receiver Maintenance Adjustments

The baseband DC offset may drift with age. To check or adjust:

1. Connect an oscilloscope in XY mode to PL301 (pins 1 and 3). Ensure that the

oscilloscope is DC coupled and centred on the display.

2. Disable the transmitter by setting the terminal to On-demand operation in the

Terminal Set-up menu (Refer to Section 3 for details).

3. Put the EX7100 terminal into Align Mode with CW and Tx: Low selected. (Refer to

Section 4.5.1).

4. Apply an un-modulated RF carrier at approximately –80dBm on channel into the

receiver (SK101)

5. A circle should appear on the oscilloscope. Adjust the signal generator RF level for a

circle of ~2 volts peak to peak diameter.

6. Adjust RV301 and RV302 to centre circle about 0 volts (i.e. remove the DC offset).

The quadrature null should seldom require adjustment. To check or adjust:

1. Perform the tests above, but once complete observe the frequency of PL301 (pin 1).

2. Adjust the frequency of the signal generator so that the frequency observed on PL301

(pin 3) is between 5kHz and 10kHz.

3. Place the oscilloscope into single channel mode, AC coupled and observe the signal

at TP304.

4. Adjust RV303 such that the signal at TP304 is at minimum amplitude.

5. Increase the oscilloscope gain (or increase the level of the signal generator) to allow

the signal to remain visible and continue to adjust RV303 for a symmetrical minimum

amplitude sinusoid that should be twice the frequency of the un-nulled sinusoid

measured in step 2. above (i.e. between 10kHz and 20kHz).

7.7.4 VHF Receiver Replacement Procedure

This procedure covers the replacement of both the Receiver and Receiver Front-End

modules.

1. Isolate the EX7100 Terminal from the incoming DC supply by removing the DC input

wires from the rear panel terminal block.

2. Remove the bottom cover as described in Section 6.1.

3. Note the connector positions and the way that the cables are run (it is important that

all cables are replaced as they were initially run before the module replacement

procedure).

4. Remove connections PL101, PL103 and PL104 from the Receiver board, also

remove coaxial connectors SK101 & SK102 from the Receiver Front-End module.

5. Remove the four screws holding the Receiver Front-End module and lift the Front-

End PCB out of the casting. Keep the screws in a safe place.

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

6. Remove the two screws and two stand-offs holding the Receiver module into the

casting and remove the module. Remove the other two stand-offs from the module,

as these will be needed for the replacement unit. Keep all fastenings in a safe place.

7. Refit the two stand-offs and nuts to the new Receiver PCB. Place four nylon spacers

on top of the four bosses and carefully position the new Receiver PCB into the

casting, taking care not to flex the PCB as this can cause damage to the surface

mounted components. Refit the two screws and two stand-offs, tightening carefully.

8. Replace the Receiver Front-End Module and four mounting screws.

9. Re-connect all cables as removed in 4. above. Ensure that all cables are run as they

were prior to removal.

10. Inspect the EX7100 terminal to ensure that it is free of foreign material. Remove and

clean as required.

11. Connect the antenna to the terminal. Apply power to the EX7100 rear panel and

switch the terminal on.

12. If necessary, retune the Receiver Front-End module (refer to Section 7.7.3).

13. Reset the receive frequency and other variables as necessary (refer to Section 3 as

required)

14. Return to normal operating mode and check that the link is correctly established. If

not refer to Section 7.7.2 above and Section 5 “Troubleshooting” as required.

15. Replace the bottom cover, taking care to tighten every screw. No screws should be

left over at the end of the job.

16. Re-install the EX7100 back into its rack and re-connect all necessary power,

signalling and antenna cabling.

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

7.8 UHF Receiver Module Type 8054

7.8.1 General

Received RF is passed from the antenna through the Duplexer to the Front End sub-

module Type 8055 where it is filtered and amplified. This RF is applied to the Receiver

module’s RF input, it is then filtered, amplified, mixed and demodulated.

The microcontroller on the Transmitter module provides metering for the receiver,

generates the automatic gain control (AGC) voltages, controls the Receiver module’s

synthesisers and stores receiver configuration information.

Figure 7.23: UHF Receiver Module in Place within Terminal

7.8.2 Testing and Fault Diagnosis

General

Note: Refer to Section 5 “Troubleshooting the EX7100” before reading this section.

The Transmitter module provides control to both the Receiver module and the Receiver

Front-End module (AGC and synthesiser setting) and also collects measurements from

the Receiver modules. An apparent Receiver problem may actually be caused by a fault

with the Transmitter module.

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

The module contains semi-conductor components that are

sensitive to electrostatic damage.

Electrostatic sensitive devices should only be stored and

transported inside electrically conductive static shielding

bags. Fault finding and module replacement must be

performed at “electrostatically safe work stations” where the

work bench surface, soldering iron and the operator are all

earthed to prevent the build up of harmful electrostatic

charges.

Accessing the UHF Receiver Module

To gain service access to the Receiver module, remove the bottom cover as per Section

6.1.

Diagnosis

With the unit de-powered, check the receiver module visually for signs of damage such

as burnt tracks or components. Check that all connectors are fully mated. If no damage

is apparent, apply power and follow the steps outlined in Figure 7.24 overleaf

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

Figure 7.24: UHF Receiver Module Fault Diagnostic Tree

Begin

Rec eive

Frequency

correct?

Rec eiver

Front-end tuned

correctly?

Set correct

Receive Frequency

Yes

Caution:

Antenna

output mus t be

terminated in 50 Ohms

Yes

Tune Front-end filter

RSSI

Measurements

OK?

Finish

Suspect that Receiver

or Transmitter module

is faulty

Receiver module appears

to be fault-free, suspect

that another Module is

faulty

Replace Receiver or

Transmitter Module

Yes

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

7.8.3 Alignment

Re-tuning Of the Receiver Module

If the frequency of the Receiver module is to be changed by more than ±2.5 MHz from its

tuned frequency, the following checks or adjustments are required:

Checking the VCO Loop Voltage

1. Set the new Receive frequency via the front panel as per Section 3.

2. Remove the bottom cover and refer to Figure 7.25 below to identify the location of

the Loop Volts output feed-through capacitor in the local oscillator module. Check

with a digital multi-meter (DMM) that the VCO Loop Volts measurement is within the

range of 3 to 4 Volts DC.

If necessary, reset this by adjusting VCO trimmer capacitor CV101 as indicated in

Figure 7.25 below. (It will be necessary to remove the screw in the aluminium block

to access the trimmer. Always replace this screw after adjustment).

Figure 7.25: Location of Loop Volts adjustment CV101

Adjustment of the receiver bandpass filter

1. With the bottom cover removed, set terminal to ‘On-demand’ mode to ensure the

transmitter is turned off.

2. Remove the bottom cover as described in Section 6.1; disconnect the coaxes from

SK101 and SK102 on the Receiver Front-End module. Feed the output of SK102 to

the RF input of a scalar network analyser (or spectrum analyser with tracking

generator), with reference amplitude of -10dBm and span of 4MHz/div.

3. Set the RF output of the analyser’s tracking generator level to -50dBm and feed it into

socket SK101 on the Receiver Front-End module.

4. The filter is made up of a dual tuneable helical package (FL101) and triple tuneable

helical packages (FL102 and FL103) all within a tin can mounted on the PCB. Using

a suitable tuning tool, adjust FL102 and FL103 to “walk” the filter response along,

until it is centred on the desired receive frequency. Then tune FL101 for maximum

gain and sharpest response at the desired frequency.

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

Due to the interaction between the filter components, it is advisable to repeat this

procedure a number of times.

5. Disconnect the analyser. Reconnect the Duplexer to SK101 and the Receiver Module

to SK102.

6. Disconnect the analyser. Reconnect the Duplexer to SK101 and the Receiver Module

to SK102.

Note: The Duplexer module must also be adjusted to suit the new centre frequency

(refer to Section 7.10.3 for tuning details).

Receiver Maintenance Adjustments

The baseband DC offset may drift with age. To check or adjust:

1. Connect an oscilloscope in XY mode to PL301 (pins 1 and 3). Ensure that the

oscilloscope is DC coupled and centred on the display.

2. Disable the transmitter by setting the terminal to On-demand operation in the

Terminal Set-up menu (Refer to Section 3 for details).

3. Put the EX7100 terminal into Align Mode with CW and Tx: Low selected. (Refer to

Section 4.5.1).

4. Apply an un-modulated RF carrier at approximately –80dBm on channel into the

receiver (W101)

5. A circle should appear on the oscilloscope. Adjust the signal generator RF level for a

circle of ~2 volts peak to peak diameter.

Adjust RV301 and RV302 to centre circle about 0 volts (i.e. remove the DC offset).

7.8.4 UHF Receiver Replacement Procedure

Note: It is necessary to remove the Front-End module prior to replacing the Receiver

module, however, the Front-End module can be replaced without removal of the

Receiver module.

Removal of the Type 8055 Front-End Module

1. Isolate the EX7100 Terminal from the incoming DC supply by removing the DC input

wires from the rear panel terminal block.

2. Remove the bottom cover as described in Section 6.1.

3. Note the connector positions and the way that the cables are run (it is important that

all cables are replaced as they were initially run before the module replacement

procedure).

4. Remove coaxial connectors SK101 & SK102 from the Receiver Front-End module

and connector PL104 from the Receiver board.

5. Remove the four screws holding the Receiver Front-End module and lift the Front-

End PCB out of the casting.

6. Position the new Receiver Front-End Module and replace the four mounting screws.

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

7. Re-connect all cables as removed in 4. above. Ensure that all cables are run as they

were prior to removal.

8. Inspect the EX7100 terminal to ensure that it is free of foreign material. Remove and

clean as required.

9. Connect the antenna to the terminal. Apply power to the EX7100 rear panel and

switch the terminal on.

10. If necessary, retune the Receiver Front-End module (refer to Section 7.8.3).

11. Reset the receive frequency and other variables as necessary (refer to Section 3 as

required)

12. Return to normal operating mode and check that the link is correctly established. If

not refer to Section 7.8.2 above and Section 5 “Troubleshooting” as required.

13. Replace the bottom cover, taking care to tighten every screw. No screws should be

left over at the end of the job.

14. Re-install the EX7100 back into its rack and re-connect all necessary power,

signalling and antenna cabling.

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

Removal of the Receiver module

1. Remove the Front-End module as previously described.

Remove the following connectors from the Receiver PCB:

PL101, PL102 and PL103.

2. Remove the two stand-offs and two M3 screws and washers that hold the Receiver

module into the casting, then remove the Receiver module, keeping all fastenings in

a safe place.

3. Remove the two stand-offs that retain the Front-End module to the Receiver module

and refit to the new Receiver module.

4. Place four nylon spacers on top of the four bosses and carefully position the new

Receiver PCB into the casting, taking care not to flex the PCB as this can cause

damage to the surface mounted components. Refit the two screws and remaining

stand-offs, tightening carefully.

5. Reconnect connectors PL101, PL102 and PL103 on the Receiver module. Ensure

that all cables are run as they were prior to removal.

6. Replace the Front-End module as previously described. Ensure that all cables are

run as they were prior to removal.

7. Inspect the EX7100 terminal to ensure that it is free of foreign material. Remove and

clean as required.

8. Connect the antenna to the terminal. Apply power to the EX7100 rear panel and

switch the terminal on.

9. If necessary, retune the Receiver Front-End module (refer to Section 7.8.3).

10. Reset the receive frequency and other variables as necessary (refer to Section 3 as

required)

11. Return to normal operating mode and check that the link is correctly established. If

not refer to Section 7.8.2 above and Section 5 “Troubleshooting” as required.

12. Replace the bottom cover, taking care to tighten every screw. No screws should be

left over at the end of the job.

13. Re-install the EX7100 back into its rack and re-connect all necessary power,

signalling and antenna cabling.

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

7.9 VHF Duplex Filter Module Type 8013

7.9.1 General

The Duplex Filter (or Duplexer) allows the receiver and transmitter modules to be

connected to one antenna at each terminal.

This is achieved with selective filtering. At the receive frequency the antenna port of the

Duplexer is connected as directly as possible to the receiver input. Similarly at the

transmit frequency the antenna port is connected as directly as possible to the transmitter

PA output.

The Duplexer isolates the receiver from the large signals produced by the transmitter. In

addition, it provides significant protection against lightning damage to the radio.

Note: The use of suitable earthing and an external lightning arrester is recommended at

all times, refer to Section 2.6.1 for further details.

Four VHF Duplexer variants are available: one Duplexer covers 138 to 156MHz and

another 152 to 175MHz. For each frequency range there is a version for 4 to 6 MHz

Rx/Tx spacing and another version for 6 to 15 MHz spacing.

VHF Connections

The Duplexer module has three connection ports: Antenna, High and Low.

Antenna Provides RF connection to/from the installed antenna.

High Connection is dependent on the Tx and Rx operating frequency pair. If the

Tx operates on the higher frequency, the High port connects to the PA

output (PL102). If the Rx operates on the higher frequency, the High port

connects to the Receiver Front-End input (SK101).

Low Connection will be the reverse of that detailed above, dependent on which

module is using the lower frequency.

VHF Mounting

The VHF Duplexer module is mounted on the underside of the Top Cover via 4 threaded

studs and associated fasteners (refer to Section 7.9.4 Duplexer Replacement Procedure).

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

7.9.2 Testing and Fault Diagnosis

General

Note: Refer to Section 5 “Troubleshooting the EX7100” before reading this Section.

The Duplexer is a passive product that once correctly aligned should provide stable

performance without failure.

The major failure modes of Duplexers are:

> Connectors not being fully mated or cable failure.

> Incorrect Duplexer tuning, causing degraded transmitter and/or receiver

performance.

> Mechanical failure of internal components, usually causing complete failure of the

link.

Fault-finding methods are:

1. Check that the RF connectors are fully mated.

2. Substitute the Duplexer for one that is known to be correctly tuned or

3. Check the Duplexer’s performance using a network analyser (refer to Section 7.9.3).

Checking RF Connectors

Remove the top and bottom covers as per Section 6.1.

With the terminal de-powered, check that the three RF connectors on the Duplexer are

fully mated. Similarly, check that the PA, Transmitter and Receiver module coax

connectors are fully home.

If no problems are found with the connections, either check the performance of the

Duplexer with an analyser (refer Section 7.9.3) or replace the Duplexer (refer Section

7.9.4).

7.9.3 Alignment

VHF Module Re-tuning

Duplexer adjustment requires the use of a scalar network analyser with the performance

outlined in Table 7.4 below.

Measurement Preferred Capability Minimum Capability

Transmission: Dynamic Range

& Isolation

95dB 80dB

Return Loss: Capability 30dB 20dB

Table 7.4: Required Measurement Capability

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

Refer to Figure 7.26 and the steps outlined below:

Figure 7.26: VHF Duplex Filter Adjustment Locations

1. Connect a 50Ω termination to the antenna port.

2. Connect the analyser input to the high frequency port.

3. Feed the tracking generator output into the low frequency port of the Duplexer. Set

the analyser to the maximum output level available.

4. Adjust the three low pass adjustment screws to maximise the notch on the high

operating frequency of the Duplexer.

5. Adjust the three high pass adjustment screws to maximise the notch on the low

operating frequency of the Duplexer.

6. Repeat the two steps above until the notches are centred and maximised on the two

notch frequencies. The notches should provide greater than 85dB isolation (typically

90dB). On many analysers, it is not possible to measure the full isolation, as there is

not sufficient dynamic range available.

7. Check that the insertion loss from the low frequency port to the antenna port is less

than 1.5dB (0.8dB typical).

8. Check that the insertion loss from the high frequency port to the antenna port is less

than 1.5dB (0.8dB typical).

9. Check that the return loss into the high and low frequency ports is better than 16dB.

High Pass Adjustment Screws Low Pass Adjustment Screws

High Freq Port Low Freq Port

High Freq Port

matching capacitors

Low Freq Port

matching inductors

Antenna Port

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

7.9.4 VHF Duplex Filter Replacement Procedure

Note: Ensure that the replacement module has been correctly tuned to the operating

frequencies required before installation (refer to Section 7.9.3 above)

1. Isolate the EX7100 Terminal from the incoming DC supply by removing the DC input

wires from the rear panel terminal block.

2. Remove the top cover as described in Section 6.1.

3. Note the connector positions and the way that the cables are run (it is important that

all cables are replaced as they were initially run before the module replacement

procedure). Disconnect the three coax cables from the Duplexer.

4. Remove the fasteners holding the Duplexer to the cover and lift it clear.

5. Fit the new Duplexer over the threaded studs and replace the fasteners. Tighten the

fasteners.

6. Reconnect the three coaxes to the positions recorded previously.

7. Inspect the EX7100 terminal to ensure that it is free of foreign material. Remove and

clean as required.

8. Connect the antenna to the terminal. Apply power to the EX7100 rear panel and

switch the terminal on.

9. Check that the received signal strength (RSSI) and forward power are at the levels

expected and that the VSWR alarm is not being generated.

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

7.10 UHF Duplex Filter Module Type 8045

7.10.1 General

The Duplexer allows the receiver and transmitter modules to be connected to one

antenna at each terminal.

This is achieved with selective filtering. At the receive frequency the antenna port of the

Duplexer is connected as directly as possible to the receiver input. Similarly at the

transmit frequency the antenna port is connected as directly as possible to the transmitter

PA output.

The Duplexer is made up of a four cavity notch filter, a Band Pass Band Reject (BPBR)

filter and a Band Reject Band Pass filter (BRBP).

The BPBR is a low pass filter and is connected to the Receiver or Transmitter operating

on the low frequency.

The BRBP is a high pass filter and is connected to the Receiver or Transmitter operating

on the high frequency.

The Duplexer isolates the receiver from the large signals produced by the transmitter. In

addition, it provides significant protection against lightning damage to the radio.

Note: The use of suitable earthing and an external lightning arrester is recommended at

all times, refer to Section 2.6.1 for further details.

The Duplexer covers 406-470MHz with a 9-13MHz Rx/Tx spacing.

UHF Connections

The Duplex filter module has three connection ports: Antenna, High and Low.

Antenna Provides RF connection to/from the installed antenna.

High Connection is dependent on the Tx and Rx operating frequency pair.

If the Tx operates on the higher frequency, the High port connects, via the

BRBP filter, to the PA output (PL102).

If the Rx operates on the higher frequency, the High port connects, via the

BRBP filter, to the Receiver Front-End input (SK101).

Low Connection will be the reverse of that detailed above, dependent on which

module is using the lower frequency.

UHF Mounting

The Duplexer module is externally mounted on the EX7100 terminal Top Cover via 14

threaded studs and associated fasteners (refer to 7.10.5 Duplexer Replacement

Procedure).

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

7.10.2 Testing and Fault Diagnosis

General

Note: Refer to Section 5 “Troubleshooting the EX7100” before reading this Section.

The Duplexer is a passive product that once correctly aligned should provide stable

performance without failure.

The major failure modes of Duplexers are:

> Connectors not being fully mated or cable failure.

> Incorrect Duplexer tuning, causing degraded transmitter and/or receiver

performance.

> Mechanical failure of internal components, usually causing complete failure of the

link.

Fault-finding methods are:

1. Check that the RF connectors are fully mated.

2. Substitute the Duplexer for one that is known to be correctly tuned or

3. Check the Duplexers performance using a network analyser (refer to Section 7.10.3).

Checking RF Connectors

With the terminal de-powered, check that the eight RF connectors on the Duplexer are

fully mated. Similarly, check that the two RF connectors on the terminal rear panel are

fully home.

If no problems are found with the connections, either check the performance of the

Duplexer with an analyser (refer Section 7.10.3) or replace the Duplexer (refer Section

7.10.5).

7.10.3 Alignment

UHF Module Re-tuning

Duplexer adjustment requires the use of a scalar network analyser with the performance

outlined in Table 7.4 below.

Measurement Preferred Capability Minimum Capability

Transmission: Dynamic Range

& Isolation

95dB 80dB

Return Loss: Capability 30dB 20dB

Table 7.4: Required Measurement Capability

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

Refer to Figure 7.27 and the steps outlined below:

Figure 7.27: UHF Duplex Filter Adjustment Locations

Note: From this point on the whole assembly will be referred to as the “Duplexer”, the

Band Reject Band Pass filter will be referred to as “BRBP”, the Band Pass Band Reject

filter as “BPBR” and the larger notch filter as “Duplex filter”.

The Duplexer is tuned in two steps. Initially the three parts (BRBP, BPBR and Duplex

filter) are tuned separately. The three parts are then connected together and the final

tuning is carried out to take into account the interaction between the three parts.

Bracketed ( ) numbers refer to the port numbers in figure 7.27 above.

Before undertaking the following procedures, ensure that the EX7100 terminal has been

powered down.

BRBP

Band Reject

Band Pass

Filter

(HPF)

BPBR

Band Pass

Band Reject

Filter

(LPF)

4 Cavity Duplex filter

High Low

low pass

adjustment

High pass

adjustment

Tx or Rx Tx or RxAntenna

1234567

A B C D E F G H I J

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

Note1: Note that on many analysers, it is not possible to measure the full isolation, as

there is not sufficient dynamic range available. Therefore, it is suggested that the trace, at

the point where it becomes noise, be centred on the centre vertical graticule of the

instrument. Check the notch depth (Isolation Loss) at this point.

BRBP Filter adjustment (HPF)

1. Disconnect both coax leads from the BRBP section of the Duplexer.

2. Connect the analyser input to port (1).

3. Feed the tracking generator output into port (2). Set the analyser to the low frequency

of the terminal at the maximum output level available.

4. Adjust the three adjustment screws on the BRBP filter for the deepest notch on the

low operating frequency of the terminal (See Note1 above). Check that the notch

depth (Isolation Loss) is ≥ 80dB.

5. Check that the Insertion Loss is ≤ 1.0dB.

6. Reconnect all leads to the BRBP filter.

BPBR Filter adjustment (LPF)

1. Disconnect both coax leads from the BPBR section of the Duplexer.

2. Connect the analyser input to port (7).

3. Feed the tracking generator output into port (6). Set the analyser to the high

frequency of the terminal at the maximum output level available.

4. Adjust the three adjustment screws on the BPBR filter for the deepest notch on the

high operating frequency of the terminal (See Note1 above). Check that the notch

depth (Isolation Loss) is ≥ 80dB.

5. Check that the Insertion Loss is ≤ 1.0dB.

6. Reconnect all leads to the BPBR filter.

Duplex Filter adjustment

1. Disconnect the “High” and “Low” coax leads from the Duplex filter section of the

Duplexer. Connect a 50Ω load to the Antenna port (4).

2. Connect the analyser input to the high frequency port (3).

3. Feed the tracking generator output into the low frequency port (5). Set the analyser to

the high frequency of the terminal at the maximum output level available.

4. Adjust the two low pass adjustment screws on the Duplex filter for the deepest notch

on the high operating frequency of the terminal (See Note1 above). Check that the

notch depth (Isolation Loss) is ≥ 80dB.

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

5. Adjust the two high adjustment screws on the Duplex filter for the deepest notch on

the low operating frequency of the terminal (See Note1 above). Check that the notch

depth (Isolation Loss) is ≥ 80dB.

6. Check that the Insertion Loss is ≤ 1.0dB.

7. Reconnect all leads to the Duplex filter.

7.10.4 Duplexer Tuning / Performance Checks

With the three sections of the Duplexer connected together as shown in figure 7.27,

check the following performance parameters:

Notch Depth (Isolation Loss)

Low Pass Filter:

1. Connect a 50Ω termination to the antenna port (4).

2. Connect the analyser input to the high frequency port (1).

3. Feed the tracking generator output into the low frequency port (7) of the Duplexer.

Set the analyser to the maximum output level available.

4. With the tracking generator output set to the high frequency, check that the filter

notch is ≥80dB. If a non-compliance is observed, the Duplexer tuning screws F, G, H,

I may be slightly adjusted. Upon adjustment, all performance parameters of the

Duplexer must be re-checked.

High Pass Filter:

1. Connect a 50Ω termination to the antenna port (4).

2. Connect the analyser input to the low frequency port (7).

3. Feed the tracking generator output into the high frequency port (1) of the Duplexer.

Set the analyser to the maximum output level available.

4. With the tracking generator output set to the low frequency, check that the filter notch

is ≥80dB. If a non-compliance is observed, the Duplexer tuning screws B, C, D, E

may be slightly adjusted. Upon adjustment, all performance parameters of the

Duplexer must be re-checked.

Insertion Loss

Low Pass Filter:

1. Connect a 50Ω termination to the high frequency port (1).

2. Connect the analyser input to the Antenna port (4).

3. Feed the tracking generator output into the low frequency port (7) of the Duplexer.

Set the analyser to the maximum output level available.

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

4. With the tracking generator output set to the low frequency, check that the filter

insertion loss is < 2.0dB (1.5-2.0dB typical). If a non-compliance is observed, the

Duplexer tuning screws F, G, H, I may be slightly adjusted. Upon adjustment, all

performance parameters of the Duplexer must be re-checked.

High Pass Filter:

1. Connect a 50Ω termination to the low frequency port (7).

2. Connect the analyser input to the Antenna port (4).

3. Feed the tracking generator output into the high frequency port (1) of the Duplexer.

Set the analyser to the maximum output level available.

4. With the tracking generator output set to the high frequency, check that the filter

insertion loss is < 2.0dB (1.5-2.0dB typical). If a non-compliance is observed, the

Duplexer tuning screws B, C, D, E may be slightly adjusted. Upon adjustment, all

performance parameters of the Duplexer must be re-checked.

Note: Reconnect all cables as per Figure 7.27

7.10.5 UHF Duplex Filter Replacement Procedure

Note: Ensure that the replacement module has been correctly tuned to the operating

frequencies required before installation (refer to Section 7.10.3 above)

1. Isolate the EX7100 Terminal from the incoming DC supply by removing the DC input

wires from the rear panel terminal block.

2. Note the connector positions and the way that the cables are run (it is important that

all cables are replaced as they were initially run before the module replacement

procedure). Disconnect the coax cables from the Duplexer.

3. Remove the fasteners holding the Duplexer to the cover and lift it clear.

4. Fasten the new Duplexer to the cover.

5. Reconnect the coaxes to the positions recorded previously.

6. Inspect the EX7100 terminal to ensure that it is free of foreign material. Remove and

clean as required.

7. Connect the antenna to the terminal. Apply power to the EX7100 rear panel and

switch the terminal on.

4. Check that the received signal strength (RSSI) and forward power are at the levels

expected and that the VSWR alarm is not being generated.

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

7.11 Modem/Controller Module Type 2966

7.11.1 General

The Modem/Controller module provides the bulk of the EX7100 terminal’s control and

data conversion functionality. Incoming line data to the terminal is converted to a format

suitable for transmission over the link and output to the transmitter module. Similarly, data

from the receiver is converted from the transmission format to the line format appearing

at the rear panel.

This module also contains the master controller for the EX7100. This controls the Front

Panel module and manages the microcontrollers that are present on many of the other

modules. A Rear Panel Data Connector PCB connects the Modem/Controller PCB to the

external world.

Modem/Controller

Module

Rear Panel

Data

Connector

PCB

64k Data &

Clocks

I/O Port

Ribbon

Connector From

Modem Controller

Control

LMS

64kbps Data

Control

LMS

I/O

Front Panel

Module

RX&TX

64k Data

Module

Comms

Bus

Rear Panel

Connectors

Ribbon

Connector From

Modem Controller

Figure 7.28: Modem/Controller Block Diagram

Figure 7.29: Modem/Controller in Place within Terminal

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

7.11.2 Testing and Fault Diagnosis

The module contains semi-conductor components that are

sensitive to electrostatic damage.

Electrostatic sensitive devices should only be stored and

transported inside electrically conductive static shielding

bags. Fault finding and module replacement must be

performed at “electrostatically safe work stations” where the

work bench surface; soldering iron and the operator are all

earthed to prevent the build up of harmful electrostatic

charges.

The Modem/Controller module contains a lithium battery.

There is a danger of explosion if the battery is incorrectly

replaced. Replace only with the same or equivalent type

recommended by the manufacturer.

Dispose of used batteries according to the manufacturers

instructions.

General

The Modem/Controller module is very complex and interacts with all of the other modules

and control systems within the EX7100 terminal.

For this reason, a faulty Modem/Controller module may cause symptoms that appear

elsewhere, and faults elsewhere may cause symptoms to appear at the

Modem/Controller module.

Accessing the Modem/Controller

To gain service access to the Modem/Controller module, remove the top cover as per

Section 6.1.

Diagnosis

Under normal operating conditions and with a link established, D8, D100, D101 and D102

should all be on. If this is not the case, follow the instructions below:

With the unit de-powered, check the Modem/Controller module visually for signs of

damage such as burnt tracks or components. Check that all connectors are fully mated

and that all socketed ICs are fully inserted.

If no damage is apparent, attach the antenna and power leads. Follow the steps in Figure

7.30 overleaf.

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

Figure 7.30: Modem/Controller Fault Diagnostic Tree

Begin

EX7100 LCD

operational?

Pow er Supply

Voltages OK?

Sw itch on EX7100 Terminal with

Top Cover Removed

D501 on continuously?

D104 should be off.

D103 (Red LED) flashes

once then stays off?

Suspect that

Modem/Controller

module is faulty

Suspect that the Pow er

Supply module is faulty

Yes

Ref er to Pow er

Supply Module

Section 7.2

Suspect that the Front

Panel module or

Modem/Contr oller module

is faulty

Yes Refer to Front

Panel Module

Section 7.12

Replace Front Panel

module

EX7100 LCD

operational?

Yes

Replace

Modem/Controller

module

Caution:

Antenna

output mus t be

terminated in 50 Ohms

Yes

D100, D101 and D102

turn on sequentially?

Modem/Controller module

appears to be fault-free,

suspect that another

Module is faulty

Yes

Finish

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

7.11.3 Alignment

The Modem/Controller module requires no alignment and has no user adjustments.

7.11.4 Modem/Controller Module Replacement Procedure

1. Isolate the EX7100 Terminal from the incoming DC supply by removing the DC input

wires from the rear panel terminal block.

2. Remove the top cover as described in Section 6.1.

3. Note the connector positions and the way that the cables are run (it is important that

all cables are replaced as they were initially run before the module replacement

procedure).

4. Remove connections PL1, PL2, PL3, PL4, PL8, PL9 and PL502 from the

Modem/Controller module

5. Remove the six M3 screws and washers that retain the module. Keep the screws in a

safe place.

6. Carefully position the new Modem/Controller PCB into the casting taking care not to

flex the PCB as this can cause damage to the surface mounted components.

Replace the six M3 PCB mounting screws. Carefully tighten the screws.

7. Re-connect all cables as removed in 4. above. Ensure that all cables are run as they

were prior to removal.

8. Inspect the EX7100 terminal to ensure that it is free of foreign material. Remove and

clean as required.

9. Connect the antenna to the terminal. Apply power to the EX7100 rear panel and

switch the terminal on. Check that at turn-on the two PCB mounted red LED's stay on

for approximately one second and then extinguish. D501 should be on continuously

and D104 should be off. As the link starts up, green LED's D100, D101 and D102

should come on sequentially (note that a full link must be established to meet this

requirement). If red LED D103 continue to flash, the Modem/Controller module is

probably faulty.

10. Replace the top cover, taking care to tighten every screw. No screws should be left

over at the end of the job.

11. Re-install the EX7100 back into its rack and re-connect all necessary power,

signalling and antenna cabling.

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

7.12 Front Panel Module Type 2994

7.12.1 General

The Front Panel module is used for terminal configuration and to check status of various

parameters (refer to Sections 3 and 4 for complete details).

The Front panel operates under the command of the Controller on the Modem Controller

module Type 2966.

Figure 7.31: Front Panel Block Diagram

Data to LCD Liquid Crystal

Display (LCD)

LED Drive Light Emitting

Diodes (LEDs)

& Backlighting

Voltage to

Front Panel

Test points

Front Panel

Test Points

Data From

Keypad Keypad

Ribbon

Connector From

Modem Controller

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

7.12.2 Testing and Fault Diagnosis

If it is suspected that the Display Module is not operating correctly, follow the steps

outlined in Figure 7.32.

Figure 7.32: Front Panel Fault Diagnostic Tree

Begin

Front Panel

Pow er LED on?

Ribbon Cable

Plugged into

Modem/Controller

Card?

Back Lightning

Operates w hen

Button is pushed?

Suspect that Pow er Supply

or Modem/Controller module

is faulty

Yes

Refer to Pow er Supply

Module Section 7.2 or

Modem/Controller

Module Section 7.11

Plug Ribbon Cable in

Plug Ribbon in

Yes

Front Panel module

appears to be

fault-free

Finish

Yes

LCD Operating? Replace Front Panel

Module

Yes

Keypad Flexible

Ribbon Plugged in?

Replace Front Panel

Module

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

7.12.3 Alignment

The Front Panel module requires no alignment and has no user adjustments.

7.12.4 Module Replacement Procedure

Isolate the EX7100 Terminal from the incoming DC supply by removing the DC input

wires from the rear panel terminal block.

1. Remove the six screws that hold the Front Panel to the casting then remove the top

cover as per Section 6.1. Keep all screws in a safe place.

2. Disconnect the Front Panel’s ribbon connector from PL8 on the Modem/Controller

module.

3. Remove the four countersunk M4 screws that hold the Front Panel module into the

casting. Install the new Front Panel module into the casting. Carefully tighten the

screws

4. Re-connect the Front Panel’s ribbon connector to PL8 on the Modem/Controller

module.

5. Refit the front 19” rack-mounting panel using the six screws removed in 1. above.

6. Inspect the EX7100 terminal to ensure that it is free of any foreign debris. Remove

and clean as required.

7. Replace the top cover, taking care to tighten every screw. No screws should be left

over at the end of the job.

8. Connect the antenna to the terminal. Apply power to the EX7100 rear panel and

switch the terminal on. Check that the new Front Panel operates correctly.

9. Re-install the EX7100 back into its rack and re-connect all necessary power,

signalling and antenna cabling.

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

7.13 Line Interfaces Type 2971 and Type 2967

7.13.1 General

Inclusion of a six-channel Line Interface in each EX7100 terminal allows six analogue

exchange or subscriber telephone lines (depending on which module is fitted) to be

operated over the EX7100 link. Voice, fax and data traffic can be accommodated.

Each Line Interface module carries all the necessary line interface, speech compression

and control components.

A 50-way Champ connector is provided on the rear panel for line connections as shown

in Figure 7.33 below.

6 Ch Line I/f Module

(Exch or Subs)

Rear Panel

Champ

Connector

PCB

Analogue

Lines

Modem

Controller

Module

64kb/s

Control

PL902

PL1

Analogue

Lines

Figure 7.33: Six Channel Line Interface Connection Block Diagram

Isolated Power Supply Module Type 2990

Isolated Power Supply Module Type 2990 is attached as a daughter-board; it provides the

necessary power supply rails for each Line Interface.

This sub-module should be considered part of the Line Interface module. Refer to Section

7.14 for details of this module.

Four wire + E & M Interface Type 8022

The Exchange Terminal may be fitted with an optional Four Wire + E & M Interface. This

PCB is positioned above the Two-wire Exchange Interface Card.

Jumpers JP103, JP203, JP303, JP403, JP503 and JP603 allow for selection of positive

or negative M-wire for each of the six channels.

When used in point-to-point configuration (refer to Section 1.2.2), it may be necessary to

increase the audio line levels above the maximum of +3 dBm. In order to achieve this,

jumpers JP101, JP102, JP201, JP202 etc may be set to increase the line level range by 4

dBm i.e. the lower limit changes from -15 dBm to -11 dBm and the upper limit changes

from +3 dBm to +7 dBm.

It should be noted that the line level menu does not change to indicate the increased

range. Care should be taken to add the 4 dB to the value indicated in the menu.

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

The Isolated Power Supply Module Type 2990 contains a +100V

power rail that is potentially dangerous or lethal. To ensure personal

safety, please observe caution when operating the EX7100 terminal

with the covers removed.

Figure 7.34: Subscriber Line Interface in Place within Terminal

Figure 7.35: Exchange Line Interface in Place within Terminal

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

7.13.2 Testing and Fault Diagnosis

General

Note: Refer to Section 5 “Troubleshooting the EX7100” before reading this Section.

The module contains semi-conductor components that are

sensitive to electrostatic damage.

Electrostatic sensitive devices should only be stored and

transported inside electrically conductive static shielding

bags. Fault finding and module replacement must be

performed at “electrostatically safe work stations” where the

work bench surface, soldering iron and the operator are all

earthed to prevent the build up of harmful electrostatic

charges.

The Isolated Power Supply Module Type 2990 contains a

+100V power rail that is potentially dangerous or lethal. To

ensure personal safety, please observe caution when

operating the EX7100 terminal with the covers removed

Accessing the Line Interface Module

To gain service access to the Line Interface module:

1. Isolate the EX7100 Terminal from the incoming DC supply by removing the DC input

wires from the rear panel terminal block.

2. Remove the top cover as per Section 6.1. Keep all screws in a safe place.

Diagnosis

Check the module visually for signs of damage such as burnt tracks or components.

Check that socketed ICs are fully home. Check that all connectors are fully mated.

If no problems are apparent, apply power and follow the steps outlined in figure 7.36.

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

Begin

Modem

Controller D8 on

and D9

off?

Suspect Radio

or Modem

Problem

Yes

Suspect Radio

or Modem

Problem

Ensure That Full

Duplex Link is

Operating

Loopback

Lines. Loopback

Works On All 6

Lines?

Line Card

Probably

Faulty

Replace Line

Card

Line Card Is

probably OK

Finish

Yes

Line Card

Configuration

Correct?

Configure Line

Card

Yes

Line

Interface PSU

Voltages

OK?

Yes

Replace Line

Interface PSU

Module

See

Note 1

Note 1: At first turn on, all LEDs adjacent

to the DSPs should be ON. After going off-

hook and DTMF dialling, the LED for the

particular channel will go OFF.

Figure 7.36: Six Channel Line Interface Fault Diagnostic Tree

7.13.3 Alignment/Re-tuning

Each Line Interface module requires no physical alignment or physical user adjustment.

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

7.13.4 Line Interface Replacement Procedure

This procedure covers the replacement of either Line Interface module.

Refer to Section 6.1 for the initial procedure then:

1. Remove the six screws that hold the Front Panel to the casting.

2. Remove the screw that retains the Isolated Power Supply module’s heat sink block.

3. Note the connector positions and the way that the cables are run (it is important that

all cables are replaced as they were initially run before the module replacement

procedure).

4. Remove PL1, PL2 and PL3 from the Isolated Power Supply module.

5. Remove the four screws that hold the Isolated Power Supply PCB. Lift the Isolated

Power Supply PCB clear of the casting. Keep all screws in a safe place.

6. Remove connections PL1 and PL902 from the Line Interface module. Remove the

grounding wire at the terminal casting lug.

7. Remove the four Isolated Power Supply threaded stand-offs and the five stand-offs

and two screws that retain the Line Interface PCB. Keep the fixings in a safe place.

8. Holding only the edges of the PCB, carefully lift the Line Interface module clear of the

terminal.

9. Carefully position the new Line Interface PCB into the casting, taking care not to flex

the PCB as this can cause damage to the surface mounted components. Replace the

four Isolated Power Supply threaded stand-offs and the five stand-offs and two

screws that hold the PCB into the casting.

10. Refit the Isolated Line Interface PSU module and replace the four screws that hold

the Isolated Power Supply PCB. (Note: The screw with the nylon washer must be

fitted next to PL2 pin 1 on the Isolated Power Supply PCB). Tighten the four

mounting screws.

11. Refit the screw that holds the PSU heat sink block against the main casting.

12. Refit the Front Panel by reversing step 1. above

13. Re-connect all cables as removed in 4. and 6. above. Ensure that all cables are run

as they were prior to removal.

14. Inspect the EX7100 terminal to ensure that it is free of foreign material. Remove and

clean as required.

15. Replace the top cover, taking care to tighten every screw. No screws should be left

over at the end of the job.

16. Re-install the EX7100 back into its rack and re-connect all necessary power,

signalling and antenna cabling.

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

7.14 Isolated Power Supply Type 2990

7.14.1 General

Isolated power supply module Type 2990 provides DC power to the six-channel

Exchange Interface circuit board Type 2967 and six-channel Subscriber Interface circuit

board Type 2971 as required.

The output rails of the power supply are isolated from the input rail; the isolated supply

can withstand 3.5kV potential difference between input and output.

7.14.2 Description

The module consists of two current-mode flyback converters, switching at approximately

120kHz.

One converter provides the various +5V and –5V rails (analogue and digital supplies) The

other converter provides the -48V rail to power the telephone line and +100V for the ring

voltage generator on the Subscriber Interface circuit.

Both supplies are regulated via optocouplers. None of the output rails are individually

current-limited, but each converter incorporates current limiting in the control IC. This

limits the maximum power that can be delivered to the outputs. All rails except the +100V

rail incorporate LC noise filtering.

A 10-way output connector provides access to the various output rails.

The module runs off the +24V rail provided by the main Power Supply Type 2964 (refer to

Section 7.2). The input connector carries both +24V and +5V.

Note: The +5V input is not used on the module board, but is passed directly onto a

secondary power connector for the non-isolated side of the Interface board.

7.14.3 Testing and Fault Diagnosis

The output rails of the isolated power supply can not be monitored via the front panel. If a

fault is suspected in the isolated power supply, it requires manual testing.

The Isolated Power Supply Module Type 2990 contains a +100V

power rail that is potentially dangerous or lethal. To ensure personal

safety, please observe caution when operating the EX7100 terminal

with the covers removed.

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

Accessing the Isolated Power Supply Module

Remove the top cover as per Section 6.1.

Diagnosis

1. Connect the negative probe of the digital multi-meter (DMM) to pin 1 of connector

PL2. Using the positive probe of the DMM, touch all the other pins of PL2 in turn and

check the measured voltage against Table 7.5 below:

Pin on

PL2 Expected Voltage Accepted

Tolerance

1 0V ±0.1V

2 +5V ±0.25V

3 -48V ±4.0V

4 +5V ±0.25V

5 0V ±0.1V

6 -5V ±0.5V

7 -5V ±0.5V

8 0V ±0.1V

9 +5V ±0.25V

10 +100V ±10.0V

Table 7.5: Typical Power Supply Measurement Ranges

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

2. Connect the negative probe of the DMM to pin 2 of connector PL3. Using the positive

probe of the DMM, touch pin 1 of PL3 and check the measured voltage against Table

7.6 below

Pin on

PL3 Expected Voltage Accepted

Tolerance

1 +5V ±0.25V

2 0V ±0.1V

Table 7.6: Typical Power Supply Measurement Ranges

EX7100 Technical Manual - Module Descriptions

This page intentionally left blank

EX7100 Technical Manual – Repeater Configuration

EX7100 Repeater Configuration

8.1 General

The EX7100 can be configured as a full duplex repeater to enable the link to operate over

a much greater distance and over difficult terrain. In repeater configuration, the EX7100

retains the extensive remote monitoring and diagnostics via the system’s internal

engineering channel.

An EX7100 repeater is made up of two 64kbps Data terminals linked back-to-back at the

G.703 level. Any EX7100 terminal may be configured for use as a repeater from its front

panel, enabling a user to redeploy existing link terminals as required.

Figure 8.1: EX7100 Repeater

8.2 Installation

Installation of an EX7100 repeater will follow similar instructions to installing any other

EX7100 terminal. Terminals need to be mounted in close proximity to one another enable

necessary interconnecting cables to be as short as possible.

As the typical location of a repeater site tends to be lightning prone, extra care should be

taken to ensure that all terminal grounding and lightning protection systems are well

engineered.

8.3 Terminal Interconnections

To enable retransmission of both user and engineering traffic through the repeater there

are basic connections that need to be made between the two terminals.

G.703 Interconnect

The G.703 output port of each terminal must be connected to the G.703 input port of the

other terminal. This is best done using the 75 Ohm G.703 connections on the rear panel.

EX7100

EXICOM

o o

oEX7100 EX7100

EXICOM

o o

oEX7100

Control

G.703 75 ohm

64kbps Data Terminal 64kbps Data Terminal

EX7100 Technical Manual – Repeater Configuration

Control Interconnect.

The RS-485 control signals on the Control port of each terminal must be connected

together using a straight wired, shielded cable.

Note: Only pins 1, 2, and 5 should be linked. Incorrect use of this port will cause the

EX7100 to fail.

8.4 Software Configuration.

Both terminals must be configured as G.703 data terminals as per the instructions in

Section 3. Specific parameters that need to be configured are:

Interface: Codir G.703

Tx Data Clock: Sync. to Rx

Operating Mode: Repeater 100% or Repeater On-demand

Link ID: Both terminals must be set for the same Link ID as the

remote terminals in the link.

Note: The Repeater On-Demand mode will allow the repeater to remain idle (i.e. not

transmitting) until it detects RF from a remote terminal. This is a feature of the

EX7100 that enables low power consumption during quiet periods.

If any of the terminals in the radio link are set to 100% mode (i.e. always

transmitting), all other terminals in the link will effectively be transmitting due to the

detection of RF from the remote terminal

8.5 Remote Monitoring

All configuration, monitoring, and diagnostic functions available in the standard EX7100

terminals are also available in Repeater configured terminals.

The ‘Monitoring a remote terminal’ procedure outlined in Section 4.3 describes how to set

up a test link with either of the repeater terminals to enable the user to remotely monitor or

reconfigure that terminal.

EX7100 Technical Manual - Appendix A

Appendix A

Connector Pin Information

A.1 LMS

This 9-pin (DB9) socket allows connection of the ELMS Link Management system, as well

as networking of multiple terminals via the system’s RS-485 Bus.

A.2 Control

This 9-pin (DB9) socket is used in repeater configuration, to connect two EX7100

terminals back-to-back. Note: Incorrect use of this connector will cause the EX7100 to fail.

Use only as directed.

Note: Connecting pins 6 and 7 to two channels of an oscilloscope, set in XY mode, will

allow monitoring of the received demodulated QAM constellation.

EX7100 Technical Manual - Appendix A

A.3 G.703

Provides a 120-ohm connection for 64kbps co-directional G.703 Digital Data, using a 15-

pin DB15 socket.

A.4 Synchronous Data

Provides connection of 64kbps synchronous V.35 Digital Data, via a 15-way (DB15)

socket.

Refer to Section A.7 for V.35 interface adapter cable details.

EX7100 Technical Manual - Appendix A

A.5 Input/Output

A DB25 connector provides six input/output open-collector contacts for connection of

externally generated site alarms, as well as high and low priority alarm outputs for

internal system alarms.

Note: This port uses TTL signal levels. Failure to comply with these levels may cause

damage to the EX7100.

Note: All inputs and outputs are floating.

Figure A-5 I/O circuit detail.

Optocoupler Optocoupl er

Pin 21 Connect to 8 -15 VDC

Pin 14 Input 0

Pin 19 Input 5

I/O DB25Inside EX7100

Optocoupler

Pin 1 Output 0

Pin 6 Output 5

Pin 9 Connect to external ground

560 ohms 560 ohms

Optocouplers Sharp PC3Q67Q

Diode (LED) Forward Voltage: Typically 1.2 V

Diode (LED) Forward Current: Typically 20mA (min 3mA)

Transistor V

CEO

max: 35 Volts

Max I

: 50mA driven here for max of 7mA.

EX7100 Technical Manual - Appendix A

A.6 Line Interface

The 50-way Champ socket is internally wired to allow for any of the three terminal

configurations (2-wire Exchange, 4-wire Exchange, and Subscriber). The table below

shows pin allocation and interface cable wire colours for the three variants.

Note: The colour indicated first is the main wire colour, the colour indicated second is the

stripe.

Number Cable wire colour 2-wire Exchange

(A - Tip, B - Ring) 4-wire+E&M Exchange Subscriber

(A - Tip, B - Ring)

1 Blue/White Channel 1 (B-leg) - Channel 1 (B-leg)

2 Orange /White - Channel 1IN (B) -

3 Green/White - Channel 1 OUT (B) -

4 Brown/White - Channel 1 M-wire -

5 Slate/White Channel 2 (B-leg) - Channel 2 (B-leg)

6 Blue/Red - Channel 2 IN (B) -

7 Orange/Red - Channel 2 OUT (B) -

8 Green/Red - Channel 2 M-wire -

9 Brown/Red Channel 3 (B-leg) - Channel 3 (B-leg)

10 Slate/Red - Channel 3 IN (B) -

11 Blue/Black - Channel 3 OUT (B) -

12 Orange/Black - Channel 3 M-wire -

13 Green/Black Channel 4 (B-leg) - Channel 4 (B-leg)

14 Brown/Black - Channel 4 IN (B) -

15 Slate/Black - Channel 4 OUT (B) -

16 Blue/Yellow - Channel 4 M-wire -

17 Orange/Yellow Channel 5 (B-leg) - Channel 5 (B-leg)

18 Green/Yellow - Channel 5 IN (B) -

19 Brown/Yellow - Channel 5 OUT (B) -

20 Slate/Yellow - Channel 5 M-wire -

21 Blue/Violet Channel 6 (B-leg) - Channel 6 (B-leg)

22 Orange/Violet - Channel 6 IN (B) -

23 Green/Violet - Channel 6 OUT (B) -

24 Brown/Violet - Channel 6 M-wire -

25 Slate/Violet Ground Ground Ground

26 White/Blue Channel 1 (A-leg) - Channel 1 (A-leg)

27 White/Orange - Channel 1 IN (A) -

28 White/Green - Channel 1 OUT (A) -

29 White/Brown - Channel 1 E-wire -

30 White/Slate Channel 2 (A-leg) - Channel 2 (A-leg)

31 Red/Blue - Channel 2 IN (A) -

32 Red/Orange - Channel 2 OUT (A) -

33 Red/Green - Channel 2 E-wire -

34 Red/Brown Channel 3 (A-leg) - Channel 3 (A-leg)

35 Red/Slate - Channel 3 IN (A) -

36 Black/Blue - Channel 3 Out (A) -

37 Black/Orange - Channel 3 E-wire -

38 Black/Green Channel 4 (A-leg) - Channel 4 (A-leg)

39 Black/Brown - Channel 4 IN (A) -

40 Black/Slate - Channel 4 OUT (A) -

41 Yellow/Blue - Channel 4 E-wire -

42 Yellow/Orange Channel 5 (A-leg) - Channel 5 (A-leg)

43 Yellow/Green - Channel 5 IN (A) -

44 Yellow/Brown - Channel 5 OUT (A) -

45 Yellow/Slate - Channel 5 E-wire -

46 Violet/Blue Channel 6 (A-leg) - Channel 6 (A-leg)

47 Violet/Orange - Channel 6 IN (A) -

48 Violet/Green - Channel 6 OUT (A) -

49 Violet/Brown - Channel 6 E-wire -

50 Violet/Slate Ground Ground Ground

EX7100 Technical Manual - Appendix A

E & M Wire Interface Standards

The EX7100 4-Wire + E&M interface conforms to the following internationally recognised

standards. It should be noted that Exicom refers to each standard as Positive M-Wire and

Negative M-wire. Positive or Negative M-wire selection is made, via six shunts on the 4-

wire interface module.

Positive M-Wire

Condition M-wire E-wire

On-Hook Open Open

Off-Hook GND GND

Negative M-Wire

Condition M-wire E-wire

On-Hook GND Open

Off-Hook -48VDC GND

-48VDC

M WIRE

E WIRE

PABX E & M INTERFACE

RS-464 TYPE V

-48VDC

M WIRE

E WIRE

PABX E & M INTERFACE

RS-464 TYPE 1

EX7100 Technical Manual - Appendix A

A.7 Sync Data (DB15) to V.35 (M34) Interface Cable (DCE)

If required, Exicom can supply an adapter cable to provide an industry standard (M-34)

V.35 connection to user equipment.

Note: The physical specifications of V.35 are not clearly defined, and vary from one

equipment manufacturer to another. Some modifications to either Exicom’s interface

cabling, or the user equipment cabling, may be required.

Pin number

EX7100 Sync Data

Signal Description Signal Direction Pin number

V.35 (M-34F) Connector

1 Rx Data (+) ← P

2 Rx Data (-) ← S

3 Tx Data (+) → R

4 Tx Data (-) → T

5 CTS → D

6 RTS ← C

7 not used

8 Signal Ground B

9 Rx Clock (+) ← U

10 Rx Clock (-) ← W

11 Tx Clock (+) → V

12 Tx Clock (-) → X

13 DSR → E

14 DTR ← H

15 not used A-Shroud

RTS, CTS, DSR, and DTR, are generally not used in synchronous transmission. If

necessary these signals should be set to ‘On’ in the user equipment.

The following diagram shows various data clock configurations.

EX7100 Technical Manual - Appendix A

Sync to Rx

Internal Ref

Ext Sync Clk

Tx Data

Rx Data

Rx Data Clock

Tx Data Clock

Data and Clock

from remote

terminal

EX7100

V.35 Synchronous Data Interface Configuration

Data Terminal Equipment (DTE)Data Communication Equipment (DCE)

Rx Data Clock

Tx Data Clock

Rx Data

Tx Data

Rx Data Clock

Option 1

Option 2

Option 3

Tx Data Clk : Option 1, Sync to Rx (or Slave)

Option 2, Internal Ref (or Master)

Option 3, Ext Sync Clk

DTE Tx Data Clk (Y / AA) can be connected to DCE Rx Data Clk (U / W), in the absense of DTE Tx Clk Ext.

DCE Tx Data Clk (V / X) can be connected to DCE Rx Data Clk (U / W), should the DTE not be able to provide a clock source.

V.35 M34 Connector

V / X

Tx Clk Ext.

Rx Data Clock

Not Used

CTS

RTS

DTR

CTS

RTS

DSRDSR

DTR

U / W

Y / AA

P / S

R / T

User Mux

Rx Clock

EX7100 Technical Manual - Appendix A

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EX7100 Technical Manual - Appendix B

Appendix B

Options

B.1 Line Terminating Frame

The Line Terminating Frame (LTF) allows easy termination of six 2-wire circuits at both

the exchange and subscriber ends of the radio link. This rack, or wall, mounted frame is

an ideal connection point for reticulation of subscriber line cabling and may be ordered

with various termination types, as well as Primary Lightning Protection circuitry, if

required.

The LTF is based on the proven Krone modules, and is available with either:

> Standard Krone LSA terminations,

> Standard Krone LSA and Screw terminations,

> Standard Krone LSA and RJ12 terminations.

The LTF may be ordered as a stand-alone item, or may be factory wired into the EX7100

Line Interface cable.

Primary Lightning Protection

Although the EX7100 Terminal has built-in secondary protection, Exicom strongly advises

that Primary Lightning Protection be incorporated into any system design.

The LTF is capable of housing the Krone ‘Comprotect’ range of Lightning protection

modules. These modules provide protection of individual circuits, reducing the cost of

other, 10-pair, module systems.

Exicom offers the choice of two protection modules, one giving a simple Gas Arrester

level of protection, and the other giving 5-point solid-state protection.

Both modules simply plug in to the LTF, and are easily replaced once activated.

Note: The LTF requires a solid earth connection to the same point as the earth

connection between the EX7100 terminal and the equipment rack. An earth

termination is provided within the LTF.

EX7100 Technical Manual - Appendix B

B.2 ELMS (Exicom Link Management System)

ELMS is a software program designed to make monitoring and configuration of single and

multiple EX7100 terminals easier for the user. ELMS operates on a Windows 95 or

Windows NT platform. It enables the user to access local and remote EX7100 terminals.

Terminal configurations can be downloaded, modified, and uploaded again.

ELMS also provides the user with a more extensive alarm monitoring system than is

available through the EX7100 terminal alone. By leaving an ELMS configured PC

connected to a network of EX7100 links, the PC can act as an alarm monitoring station

for the whole network.

ELMS: Link Management

ELMS interfaces to the EX7100 terminal through the LMS connector on the rear panel.

Circuitry converts the internal RS-485 control protocol to RS-232 for easy connection to a

PC serial port via an adapter cable.

This adapter cable can be easily made using a shielded pair wire.

Adapter cable Pinout connections:

LMS Port (DB-9) PC Serial Port (DB-9)

3 3

4 2

5 5

Warning: Do not terminate any other pins!

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Exicom EX7100-1 Base station transmitter User Manual Hawk Installation Manual

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