GMC XL 01082803EN To The Manual 645cf67c Ae03 4b96 Ac9e 66ea2f692eb0

User Manual: GMC XL to the manual

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User Manual

Magellan

GPS Satellite

Navigator

Meridian XL

WARNINGS

USE GOOD JUDGEMENT

This product is an excellent navigation aid, but does not replace the need for

careful orienteering and good judgement. Never rely solely on one device for

navigating.

USE CARE

The Global Positioning System (GPS) is operated by the U.S. Government, which is

solely responsible for the accuracy and maintenance of GPS.

The accuracy of position fixes can be affected by the periodic adjustments to GPS

satellites made by the U.S. Government and is subject to change in accordance

with the Department of Defense civil GPS user policy and the Federal

Radionavigation Plan.

USE CAUTION

Accuracy can also be affected by poor satellite geometry. When the accuracy

warnings appear on the screen, use the data with extreme caution.

USE PROPER ACCESSORIES

Use only Magellan cables and antennas; the use of non-Magellan cables and

antennas may severely degrade performance or damage the receiver, and will void

the warranty.

LICENSE AGREEMENT

Magellan grants you, the purchaser, the right to use the software sup-

plied in and with MAGELLAN GPS products (the "SOFTWARE") in the

normal operation of the equipment. You may make copies only for your

own personal use and for use within your organization.

The SOFTWARE is the property of MAGELLAN and/or its suppliers and is

protected by United States copyright laws and international treaty provi-

sions; therefore, you must treat this SOFTWARE like any other copyright

material.

You may not use, copy, modify, reverse engineer or transfer this SOFT-

WARE except as expressly provided in this license. All rights not expressly

granted are reserved by MAGELLAN and/or its suppliers.

* * *

No part of this handbook may be reproduced or transmitted in any form

or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and

recording, for any purpose other than the purchaser's personal use

without the prior written permission of Magellan Systems Corporation.

Magellan™, Meridian XL GPS™, and Backtrack™ are trademarks of

Magellan Systems Corporation.

22-10242-000

Table of Contents

Introduction ........................................................................ 1

Packing List ................................................................................ 1

Conventions Used In This Manual ............................................. 2

Getting Started ................................................................... 3

General Description ................................................................... 3

Connecting Receiver Power....................................................... 4

First Time Use - Initializing the Receiver .................................... 5

Proper Handling - Signal Reception ........................................... 9

Taking your First Fix ................................................................. 10

Saving Your First Waypoint ...................................................... 10

Introduction to Routes .............................................................. 13

Creating a GOTO Route .......................................................... 14

Reference Section ............................................................ 15

General Usage ......................................................................... 15

Turning the Receiver Off.................................................................. 15

Inputting Data ..................................................................................16

Turning the Light ON and OFF ........................................................16

NAV Screens ............................................................................ 17

Viewing the Position Screen ............................................................ 17

Viewing the NAV 1 Screen...............................................................18

Viewing the NAV 2 Screen...............................................................18

Customizing the Nav Screens ......................................................... 19

PLOT Screens.......................................................................... 21

Viewing the POINTER screen .........................................................21

Viewing the PLOT Screen ...............................................................21

Changing the Plotter Scale .............................................................. 22

Using PAN N SCAN......................................................................... 22

Setting a GOTO Using PAN N SCAN ..............................................23

Deleting Plotter Track ...................................................................... 23

Viewing the ROAD Screen ..............................................................24

Waypoints................................................................................. 24

Saving a Position Fix as a Waypoint ...............................................24

Creating a Waypoints ......................................................................26

Accessing the Waypoint Menu ........................................................26

Viewing a Waypoint ......................................................................... 27

Accessing the Waypoint Function Menu.......................................... 28

Projecting a Waypoint...................................................................... 28

Editing a Waypoint........................................................................... 29

Deleting a Waypoint......................................................................... 30

Routes ...................................................................................... 31

Activating a GOTO Route ................................................................ 31

Accessing the Route Menu.............................................................. 32

Creating a Multileg Route ................................................................ 32

Activating and Deactivating a Route................................................ 34

Reversing a Route ........................................................................... 34

Viewing the Route Summary (Edit Option) ..................................... 35

Viewing the Legs of a Route............................................................ 35

Inserting a Leg in a Route ............................................................... 35

Deleting a Leg .................................................................................36

Adding a Leg ...................................................................................37

Replacing a Waypoint...................................................................... 38

Navigating (Activating) a Leg........................................................... 38

Deleting a Route .............................................................................. 39

Creating a MOB (Man OverBoard) Route ....................................... 39

Creating a Backtrack Route............................................................. 40

Creating a COORD Route ...............................................................40

Viewing the LAST FIX Trip Summary Screen .................................. 41

Last Fix Buffer .......................................................................... 41

Viewing a LAST FIX......................................................................... 41

SETUP Options ........................................................................ 42

Initializing the Receiver.................................................................... 42

Setting the Coordinate System ........................................................ 43

Setting the Elevation Mode.............................................................. 43

Selecting Time Display ....................................................................44

Setting Velocity Averaging ...............................................................44

Setting Speed Units ......................................................................... 44

Setting Distance Units ..................................................................... 45

Setting Elevation Units .................................................................... 45

Setting North Reference. ................................................................. 45

Selecting Map Datum ...................................................................... 45

Setting NMEA ..................................................................................45

Selecting Baud Rate. ....................................................................... 46

Selecting Waypoint Sort .................................................................. 46

Selecting the Last Fix Interval .........................................................46

Plot Setup ........................................................................................46

Sampling.......................................................................................... 47

Power Lock ...................................................................................... 47

Light Intensity ..................................................................................48

Contrast ........................................................................................... 48

Additional Features .................................................................. 48

Viewing the SAT STATUS Screen ................................................... 48

Viewing the Odometer ..................................................................... 49

Resetting the Odometer and/or Trip Odometer ............................... 49

Viewing the Clock ............................................................................ 49

Setting Alarms .................................................................................49

Viewing the SUN/MOON Screen ..................................................... 50

Simulator ......................................................................................... 51

Deleting Last Fixes ..........................................................................51

Deleting Track from the Plotter Screen ............................................ 51

Delete All Waypoints from Waypoint List ......................................... 52

Clearing Receiver Memory .............................................................. 52

Status Line Icons ............................................................... 53

Troubleshooting ................................................................ 54

Appendix ........................................................................... 56

Optional Accessories ......................................................... 56

List of Available Datums .................................................... 57

NMEA Attachment............................................................ 58

City Reference Chart ......................................................... 63

Abbreviations and Data Terms ........................................... 66

Specifications .................................................................... 68

Coordinate Systems .......................................................... 69

General Maintenance........................................................ 72

Meridian XL ..................................................................... 72

Power/Data Cable Instruction Sheet .................................. 74

The Global Positioning System .......................................... 75

More Information on GPS ................................................. 77

Glossary ............................................................................ 79

Index ................................................................................ 82

Menu Cross-Reference Guide

This guide displays the menus found in the Meridian XL and the page

number of this manual that the operation is described.

SAVE POS ...... pg. 24

CREATE WPT .... pg. 26

ROUTE MENU .... pg. 31

CONTRAST ...... pg. 48

PAN N SCAN * .. pg. 22

Accessed by pressing ENTER from

any PLOT screen

* From PAN N SCAN screen only

PLOT Popup Menu

SAVE POS ...... pg. 24

CREATE WPT .... pg. 26

ROUTE MENU .... pg. 31

CONTRAST ...... pg. 48

CUSTOMIZE * ... pg. 19

WPT PROJEC** .. pg. 28

ESCAPE

Accessed by pressing ENTER from

any NAV screen

* From NAV1 and 2 screens only

** From POSITION screen only

NAV Popup Menu

DELETE LFIXES . pg. 51

DELETE TRACK .. pg. 51

DELETE WPTS ... pg. 52

CLEAR MEMORY .. pg. 52

ESCAPE

Clear Memory Menu

Accessed from the Function

SAT STATUS .... pg. 48

ROUTE MENU .... pg. 31

WAYPOINTS ..... pg. 24

SETUP ......... pg. 42

SIMULATOR ..... pg. 51

ODOMETER ...... pg. 48

LAST FIXES .... pg. 41

CLEAR MENU .... pg. 51

CLOCK ......... pg. 49

ALARMS ........ pg. 49

Accessed by pressing the

MENU key.

Function Menu

ACTIVATE ...... pg. 34

REVERSE ....... pg. 34

EDIT .......... pg. 35

DELETE ........ pg. 39

ESCAPE

Route Submenu

Accessed by pressing ENTER

from the ROUTE MENU screen

ADD LEG * ..... pg. 37

INSERT ........ pg. 35

DELETE ........ pg. 36

REPLACE ....... pg. 38

NAVIGATE ...... pg. 38

ESCAPE

Accessed by pressing ENTER

while viewing a route leg

* Displayed only for the last

leg in a route

Route Leg Menu

SETUP Defaults

INITIALIZE ------------ N/A

COORD SYS --------- LAT/LON

(DEG/MIN.00)

ELEV MODE --------- 2D

TIME FORMAT ------ LOCAL AM/PM

VELOCITY AVG ----- OFF

SPEED UNITS -------- KNOTS

DIST UNITS ---------- NM

ELEV UNITS ---------- FEET

NORTH REF ---------- MAGNETIC

MAP DATUM ------- WGS84

SETUP Menu

INITIALIZE .... pg. 42

COORD SYSTEM .. pg. 43

ELEV MODE ..... pg. 43

TIME FORMAT ... pg. 44

VELOCITY AVG .. pg. 44

SPEED UNITS ... pg. 44

DIST UNITS .... pg. 45

ELEV UNITS .... pg. 45

NORTH REF ..... pg. 45

MAP DATUM ..... pg. 45

NMEA .......... pg. 45

BAUD RATE ..... pg. 46

WPT SORT ...... pg. 46

LFIX INTERVAL . pg. 46

PLOT SETUP .... pg. 46

SAMPLING ...... pg. 47

POWER LOCK .... pg. 47

LIGHT INTEN ... pg. 48

CONTRAST ...... pg. 48

Accessed from the Function

Waypoint Popup Menu

EDIT .......... pg. 29

WPT PROJEC .... pg. 28

SUNRISE ....... pg. 50

DELETE ........ pg. 30

ESCAPE

Accessed by pressing ENTER

while viewing a waypoint from

the waypoint list.

Odometer Popup Menu

RESET TRIP .... pg. 49

RESET ODOM .... pg. 49

ESCAPE

Accessed by pressing ENTER

from the ODOMETER screen

NMEA ---------------- OFF

BAUD RATE ------------- 4800

WPT SORT --------------- ALPHA

LFIX INTERVAL ---------- 10 MINUTES

PLOT SETUP

TRACK ------------- 1.0

ORIENTATION ----- HEADING UP

ALARMS ----------------- ALL OFF

SAMPLING -------------- OFF

POWER LOCK ---------- OFF

LIGHT INTEN ------------ HIGH

CONTRAST -------------- 80%

Welcome from the Magellan crew.

With the purchase of a Magellan GPS satellite receiver, you have joined the

thousands of people who enjoy using GPS in their professional and recre-

ational activities.

Since we introduced our first product more than five years ago, Magellan has

established a reputation for product excellence and customer support. Our

customers include sailors, commercial fishermen, pilots, geologists, explorers,

surveyors, and the Allied Forces in Desert Storm. Your receiver represents the

next generation of GPS technology — technology that is combined with our

hallmark durability and ease of use, which have evolved over years of field

experience.

With your receiver are two documents: the Reference Guide and the Field

Guide.

Like the Magellan GPS receiver, the Field Guide is tough and ready to

go where ever your adventures take you. Printed on waterproof “pa-

per”, its purpose is to explain how to operate the receiver — in any

weather. When not in use, the Field Guide fits neatly in the carrying

case that is provided with the receiver.

The Reference Guide, which you are reading now, provides back-

ground information that will give you a deeper technical apprecia-

tion of the receiver and the GPS technology in general.

Wherever your outdoor recreation excursions take you, we hope your Magellan

receiver will add to your fun and safety.

So that your experiences contribute to the next generation of Magellan re-

ceivers, I need to hear from you. All comments will be considered for incorpo-

ration into future products. Address your letters to me at Dept. 3-A.

Yours truly,

Randy D. Hoffman, President and CEO

Magellan Systems Corporation

Dept. 3-A

960 Overland Court

San Dimas, CA 91773

Introduction

Your Magellan GPS receiver has the advanced navigation features that

experienced navigators expect, yet is simple enough for the novice

navigator. This manual is broken up into four chapters; Introduction,

Getting Started, Reference, and Appendix. It is very important that you

go through the Getting Started chapter first as it prepares your receiver

for use and provides some basic instruction for getting you up and running

with your GPS receiver.

The third chapter is a Reference Section for the features found in your

receiver including step-by-step instructions on their use. Because of the

advanced navigational features of the receiver some of the terminology

used in these procedures may be new to you, but don’t let that slow you

down. As you use the receiver such terms as waypoints, leg, route, etc.

will quickly become familiar.

The final chapter of this manual, Appendix, contains some further

explanations and information that will help you use your receiver and

defines many of the terms that may be unfamiliar.

Packing List

The following items should be in your package:

GPS satellite navigator

User Manual

Reference Guide

Additional Items

Carrying case

Lanyard strap

Mounting bracket

Power Cord

If any of these items is missing, please contact your local Magellan dealer or

distributor.

Conventions Used In This Manual

WARNING: Warning messages will occur to alert you to

potential problems that may be encountered if you do not

follow the directions carefully.

NOTE: Note messages are shown to provide important informa-

tion that will assist you in understanding your Magellan receiver

and its operation.

If you are following along with your receiver during the step-by-step

instructions, you should make key presses whenever the key name is in

bold text. Text where the key name is not bolded is informational but can

be pressed if you desire.

The Reference section of this manual is divided up into the various

operations that you can perform with your receiver. Each section is titled

with the operation to be performed, a brief description of the operation

and how it might be used, a graphic display of the key presses to be used

as a "quick reference" for the operation, and a detailed description of

the operation with the screens shown for clarity.

After you have used your receiver for a short period of time you will find

that you will need to refer to this manual less and less and the graphic

displays of the key presses will be all you will need to remind you of the

steps required.

Getting Started

General Description

The Meridian XL is a self-contained hand-held GPS receiver designed for

general purpose position locating and navigation. It has a removable

quadrifilar antenna located on the upper right side of the receiver, a high-

contrast backlit LCD, and keypad. Using three AA batteries, inserted from

the battery door found behind and near the base of the receiver, the

Meridian XL will operate continuously for up to 6 hours.

Meridian XL

POWER

NAVPLOTMOB

GOTO

LIGHTMENU

Meridian XL

ENTER

Power Key

Turns the receiver

on and off

NAV Key

Accesses the three

navigational screens

PLOT Key

Accesses the three

graphical navigation

screens

Light Key

Turns the display

backlight on and

off

Menu Key

Accesses the

Function Menu

Enter Key

Accepts data inputs and

accesses pop-up menus

found on some screens

MOB/GOTO Key

Accesses the MOB/GOTO

list used to activate routes

Arrow Keys

Four keys used to input

data or to display other

screens.

Battery Door

(not shown)

Removable

Quadrifilar

Antenna

Backlit

Display

Receiver Accuracy. Before beginning, just a few words on the accuracy

of your receiver. The satellite constellation used to provide the GPS

information that your receiver uses was put into orbit and is maintained

by the Department of Defense (DoD) for use by the U.S. armed forces

and its allies. GPS positioning for general use produces an accuracy of 25

meters or better, far more accurate than anyone anticipated. Since the

signals generated by these satellites are accessible to anyone, the DoD

has introduced errors into the signals sent by the satellites for security

reasons. These errors are referred to as Selective Availability (or SA).

At present, your GPS position will be accurate to within 100 meters

horizontally and 150 meters vertically. This accuracy can be improved by

using Differential GPS (DGPS), which is described later in the manual. SA

means that 95% of the time, your horizontal coordinates will be within

100 meters of your actual position. Elevation may vary even further.

Connecting Receiver Power

Connecting Power to the Meridian XL. The Meridian XL receiver

operates on either three AA batteries or a 9-16 volt DC external power

source. Before using the Magellan Meridian XL GPS receiver, you need to

install the batteries by removing the battery compartment door as shown.

While the battery compartment was designed to be moisture resistant, it

is not sealed and will not prevent moisture from entering with prolonged

exposure. Even when operating the Meridian XL with external power, the

batteries are required to prevent loss of data if you should lose external

power for any reason.

Insert the batteries as shown in

the receiver and reinstall the

battery cover. You are now

ready to turn the receiver on.

The receiver’s memory has internal protection for power loss of

up to 10 minutes. This allows you to change the batteries

without losing the receiver’s memory provided that you change

the batteries within the 10 minute time frame.

First Time Use - Initializing the Receiver

You do not need to initialize your receiver each time you use it. Follow these steps

to initialize the Meridian XL if this is the first time you are using it, if the receiver

memory has been cleared or if the receiver has been transported more than 300

miles while turned off. In the latter case, you are not automatically prompted by

the receiver to reinitialize and the POSITION screen is displayed instead of the

initialization warning after the start-up screens. The POSITION screen tells you the

coordinates of the last position received. These coordinates are not necessarily

those of your current position.

Inputting Approximate Position. To give your receiver an approximate

idea of its current location, you will need to enter the approximate latitude,

longitude, date, and time of where you are now.

Since you may not know the latitude and longitude coordinates of your present

position, the Meridian XL provides you with a list of geographic regions in the

receiver’s Initialize function under Setup. This allows you to choose the general

area of the world you are in, and the specific country or province of your current

position. Selecting the appropriate location from the list will give your receiver an

approximate starting point for tracking satellites. This will greatly shorten the

time it will take the receiver to get your position for the first time (referred to as

Time To First Fix).

Turn the receiver on by holding down the POWER key until the start-up

screens appear.

If the receiver has not been

initialized previously, or if the

receiver’s total memory has been

cleared, you will see the following

screen, prompting you to press

ENTER to initialize.

Press ENTER to Initialize.

MAGELLAN

UNIT IS NOT

INITIALIZED

PRESS ENTER

TO INITIALIZE

MAGELLAN CORP.

BATTERY

POWER

If you inadvertently press another key without initializing manually, the

receiver displays the POSITION screen with null values for the latitude

and longitude (00°00.00N, 000°00.00W). In this case, the receiver will

self-initialize, which may take 15 minutes or more. The elevation mode

will automatically switch from 2D to 3D, which is necessary to obtain a

proper first fix. The recommended method is to press ENTER and

initialize manually, which will allow the receiver to get a position fix

sooner.

Using latitude and longitude will satisfy most of the users of this

receiver, but you may use any of the other coordinate systems

(UTM, OSGB, TDs, Irish Grid, Swiss Grid, Swedish Grid or Finnish

Grid) to initialize the receiver. If you prefer one of these coordi-

nate systems, select the desired coordinate system in the

COORD. SYSTEM section of Setup, then access INITIALIZE. You

will be prompted to enter the appropriate data in the format of

the chosen coordinate system.

The region screen appears with a

list of locations around the globe.

This list extends to a second page

which can be viewed using the UP/

DOWN ARROWs. Highlight the

general area of the world where

you are located and press ENTER.

A list of countries, provinces or

states within that general area

appears. Use the UP/DOWN

ARROWs to select the country,

province or state of your location

and press ENTER.

The receiver displays the Initialize

page with the highlight active in

the elevation field. Use the LEFT/

RIGHT and UP/DOWN ARROWs

to enter your present elevation if

you know it, and press ENTER. If

you do not know your elevation,

simply press ENTER.

ELEVATION

37`00.00N

119`00.00W

+00000FT EL

COUNTRY/STATE

ALABAMA

ALASKA

ARIZONA

ARKANSAS

CALIFORNIA

REGION

USA

THE AMERICAS

EUROPE

EASTERN ASIA

WESTERM ASiA

If this is not the first time you have used your receiver, or if it is the first

time but your receiver has already begun acquiring satellite signals, the

following time and date entry may not be displayed.

Input your local time. Take extra

care to input the time correctly

(to within 10 minutes),

including the AM/PM

designator. Use the ARROW

KEYs to change the time. Use the

UP/DOWN ARROWs to change

“AM” to “PM” if necessary. When

the time is correct, press ENTER.

Please note that if you are located in a half-hour time zone, you will

need to manually reset the time, after the receiver has taken a position

fix, by adding or subtracting one half hour. Please refer to Setup - Time

Display for directions on resetting time.

Your receiver requires just one

more piece of information and

that is the date. Use the UP/

DOWN ARROWs and RIGHT/

LEFT ARROWs to set the correct

date. Your display should resemble

the one shown at right. Double-

check all of the information

entered. Then, press ENTER.

If you notice that you made a mistake, press MNU, highlight SETUP, press

ENTER. Select INITIALIZE, press ENTER and start over.

Initializing With Known Coordinates

If you know your present latitude

and longitude, you may enter

them directly (instead of choosing

a geographic location from the

list). In this case, highlight ENTER

COORD on the second page and

press ENTER. The City Reference

Chart, found in the appendix,

provides coordinates of many

major cities.

DATE

37`00.00N

119`00.00W

+00000FT EL

12:05PM

18OCT96

TIME

37`00.00N

119`00.00W

+00000FT EL

12:05P

REGION

AUSTRALIA

AFRICA

PACIFIC

ATLANTIC

ENTER COORD

Press the UP ARROW. Notice that

the highlighted number has

incremented by one. Keep pressing

the UP ARROW until the first digit

matches the first number you

found for latitude. If you go past

the number you want, you can use

the DOWN ARROW to step down

or continue using the UP ARROW

and loop through the number

sequence.

When the correct number is

displayed, press the RIGHT

ARROW to step to the second digit

on the latitude line.

What’s important to remember

here is that the UP/DOWN

ARROWs step up or down through

the numbers and the RIGHT/LEFT

ARROWs move the highlight to the

right or left.

Continue entering the latitude. Use

the RIGHT ARROW to highlight

the “N” at the end of the latitude

line. Latitude may be north “N” or

south “S” and may be changed, if

necessary, by using the UP/DOWN

ARROW. Once the latitude is

correct, press ENTER.

The cursor (highlighted area) has

now jumped down to the first char-

acter on the longitude line. Follow-

ing the same procedure as before,

enter the longitude and “E” or

“W”.

Your display should now resemble the one shown above with your latitude

and longitude. If all of the information for the latitude and longitude is cor-

rect, press ENTER. (If you notice now that you made a mistake in the latitude

or longitude, press MNU, highlight SETUP MENU and press ENTER. Select

INITIALIZE, press ENTER to start over.)

0`00.00N 0

COORDINATE

000`00.00W

COORDINATE

3 `00.00N

000`00.00W

COORDINATE

34`17.00N

118`39.00

COORDINATE

34`17.00

000`00.00W

The receiver will prompt you for

your local elevation, time and date.

Use the UP/DOWN and RIGHT/

LEFT ARROWs to enter these as

described above; press ENTER to

confirm each screen.

The receiver is now ready to perform one of its primary functions,

providing you with your current position.

Proper Handling - Signal Reception

The illustrations show both the proper and improper placement of a fixed

antenna on a boat. Also, the fellow trying to get a position fix on the

deck of the boat would get better signals if he would move up to the

bridge. Physical obstructions (buildings, large trees, etc.) will block satellite

signals from reaching the receiver. If unable to get a position fix, move

the receiver so it has a clearer view of the sky, allowing it to choose from

all of the satellites currently available.

Good Antenna

Location

Poor Antenna

Location

COORDINATE

34`17.00N

118`39.00W

00000FT EL

COORDINATE

34`17.00N

118`39.00W

+00000FT EL

05:19PM

Taking your First Fix

To get a position fix, you must be outside with a clear view of the sky and

away from any large obstructions (buildings, large trees, etc.).

Rotate the antenna upward and hold the receiver in a comfortable position.

If the receiver is off, press the POWER key to turn the receiver on, or if

you have just finished initializing the receiver, press the NAV key until the

screen showing your coordinates is displayed. This screen is called the

POSITION screen.

The POSITION screen appears with the

latitude, longitude, and elevation that

you entered in during INITIALIZE. The

word “SEARCHING” appears indicating

that the receiver is searching the sky

for satellites.

In a short period of time, the receiver

will locate the satellites and begin

receiving information. The first

indication of this is that “SEARCHING”

is replaced with a bar graph indicating

the receiver’s progress toward acquiring

GPS data from the satellites.

Within a few minutes, the bar graph

will disappear and be replaced with the

local time. This indicates that your

receiver is receiving GPS information

and has computed your present

position. Everything that you do from

now on is based on the position

information received.

Saving Your First Waypoint

You now have a position fix that defines your current location. During

normal operation your receiver continuously computes your position and

displays that information on the POSITION screen.

You can save this position in the receiver’s memory for use later on. This

stored fix is referred to as a waypoint. A useful way to record this would

be to assign a unique name to the position. That way, if you were to go to

a new location you could use your receiver to guide you back to your

current location.

34`17.00N

118`39.00W

0 F T E L

SEARCHING

POSITION

WGS84

34`17.00N

118`39.00W

0 F T E L

POSITION

WGS84

34`06.58N

117`49.56W

0 F T E L

10:39:07AM

POSITION

WGS84

Press NAV or PLOT (which will take you

to a NAV or PLOT screen if you are not

already there), then press ENTER,

highlight SAVE POS and press ENTER.

This tells the receiver that you want to

store the current position as a waypoint.

The cursor is in the upper left corner,

and the arrows displayed in the lower

right corner of the screen indicate that

it is in the edit mode. What you will do

next is assign a name to this position.

The waypoint name can be created by the receiver or you can input a

name that means something to you. If you press ENTER without creating

a name, the receiver automatically assigns a waypoint name. Waypoint

names assigned by the receiver appear in the format WPxxx, where the

xxx is a sequential number (001, 002 etc.).

To allow the receiver to name the

waypoint automatically, press ENTER.

The following screen will appear briefly

and then the receiver returns to the

POSITION screen.

All waypoint names begin with an icon. You have the option of choosing

one of nine different icons: a right flag ( ), a left flag ( ), a diamond ( ),

a double box( ), an anchor ( ), a square ( ), a diving symbol ( ), a fish

(), or a target ( ). Unless you select a different icon, unit-generated

waypoint names use a pin ( ) icon. These icons will be used to display the

relative location of the waypoint on the PLOT screen and the ROAD screen

(described later).

Now you will save the same position as above, but this time you will

assign a name to the waypoint.

Press ENTER, highlight SAVE POS and

press ENTER again. Select an icon by

pressing the UP or DOWN ARROW .

34`06.58N

117`49.56W

0FT EL

SAVE POS

34`06.58N

117`49.56W

0 F T E L

SAVE POS

34`06.58N

18OCT96

117`49.56W

0 F T E L

11:56

SAVE POS

WP001

Selecting CREATE WPT instead of SAVE POS will allow you to

enter a waypoint exactly as described above with the additional

option of changing the latitude, longitude, and elevation of the

position. (See Creating Waypoints)

Press the RIGHT ARROW. This moves

the cursor one space to the right. Select

the letter “D” by using the UP/DOWN

ARROWs.

Press the RIGHT ARROW moving the

cursor again one character to the right.

Select the letter “O” by using the UP/

DOWN ARROWs.

A little trick in scrolling quickly through the letters and numbers in the

edit cursor is to hold down the UP or DOWN ARROW key. The characters

scroll by every third character. When you are near the character you want,

release the arrow key and step one character at a time.

Continue using the RIGHT ARROW to

move the cursor and the UP/DOWN

ARROWs until you have spelled out the

word “DOCK” and your screen appears

like the one shown. (Remember, your

position information will be different

from what is displayed here.)

Press ENTER. The screen to the right

will appear briefly and then the display

will return to the POSITION screen.

34`06.58N

117`49.56W

0FT EL

SAVE POS

34`06.58N

117`49.56W

0FT EL

SAVE POS

DOCK

34`06.58N

117`49.56W

0 F T E L

12:31A18OCT96

SAVE POS

DOCK

Introduction to Routes

A route is a planned course of travel defined by a series of waypoints. To

create a route, you select waypoints that you have stored in the receiver’s

memory. These waypoints are then connected to form the segments or

“legs” of the route. A route may contain from one to fifteen legs.

Suppose you were on a fishing trip in the area shown below. You want to

go from the dock to the bait shop, then across to the inlet on the island.

Before you start, turn the receiver on and let it get a position fix. Once

you have a fix, save it as a waypoint. That way you’ll be able to create a

route back to the dock at the end of the day, even if darkness or weather

conditions (cloud cover, rain, etc.) make it difficult to use your own

navigation skills.

In addition, you can instantly create a one-leg route called a GOTO. This

route uses your present position as its start and any waypoint you select

that you have saved in memory as the destination. The following will

show you how simple it is to create a GOTO route. In this example we

have stored a waypoint in memory and named it " JETTY."

If the receiver has not yet computed a position fix, then the start

of the GOTO may not represent your current position. It will,

however, correct the navigation information after a position fix is

acquired.

Creating a GOTO Route

After computing a position fix, press

GOTO. Use the UP/DOWN ARROWs

to highlight the waypoint that

represents your destination.

The first four selections in the GOTO

menu allow you to create a Man

OverBoard (MOB), Backtrack, or

Coordinate route or to activate an

existing route; they are discussed in the

Reference Section.

Press ENTER. The receiver begins

navigating toward the selected

waypoint and the display returns to the

last viewed NAV screen. Note that the

destination is now placed in the header

bar of the NAV screen.

It is necessary to have a current position fix in order for the

receiver to compute navigation information. If you do not have

a position fix, the navigation information will be displayed with

dashes until a position fix is acquired.

GOTO

MOB

BCKTRK

ROUTE

COORD

JETTY

DOCK

WP001

WP002

BUOY

34`06.62N

117`49.54W

0 F T E L

09:38:15AM

POSITION

WGS84

Reference Section

This section explains the various functions of your receiver and is organized

by function or topic rather than by menu. To perform a given function,

refer to the Table of Contents and the Menu Cross Reference Guide in

order to quickly locate that section.

General Usage

The receiver is used to compute coordinate positions which are stored as

named waypoints and used to create routes. Waypoints can be viewed,

edited, and projected to create new waypoints, or deleted. Routes can be

created, activated, deactivated, reversed, edited and cleared. This section

covers these and other functions which will enable you to take full

advantage of your receiver’s capabilities.

Turning the Receiver On

Press the POWER key and hold for three seconds. If the batteries are

installed correctly or the external power is properly connected, the

by the POSITION screen (if the unit has been initialized) or by the message

UNIT IS NOT INITIALIZED PRESS ENTER TO INTIALIZE. (See section on

First Time Use - Initializing the Receiver.")

If these screens do not appear, please check that the battery installation

and/or external power is properly connected and turned on.

Turning the Receiver Off

To turn the receiver off, press the POWER key. The POWER DOWN

screen is displayed for five seconds. Pressing the POWER key again

before the counter reaches 1 will cause the receiver to turn off

immediately; pressing any other key will stop the receiver from turning

off.

POWER

Inputting Data

Moves the cursor

one space , left or

right

Scrolls through the

icons or

alphanumeric list

The UP/DOWN and LEFT/RIGHT ARROWs have two functions depending

on how the ARROW ICONS are displayed in the bottom right corner of

the various screens.

While on some screens the UP/DOWN or LEFT/RIGHT ARROWs are used

to access additional pages, on other screens they allow you to input

data, such as waypoint names or coordinates, or to select menu items.

The ARROW ICONS in the status line indicate which mode is currently

being used. Whenever there are additional screens to view from the

one displayed, the receiver shows normal arrow icons ( ) in the lower

right corner of the display. A second type of arrow may be displayed in

the lower right hand corner. These arrows are similar to the first, but

are displayed in reverse video ( ) and are referred to as “input” or

“edit arrows.” When these reverse video arrow icons appear, the arrow

keys are used to enter data or make selections on the current display,

rather than to move from screen to screen.

Turning the Light ON and OFF

To activate the display light, press the LIGHT key. To deactivate the display

light, press the LIGHT key again.

LIGHT

The receiver will indicate that the light is on with a light bulb icon ( ) in

the status line next to the arrow icons.

The display light causes an increase in battery drain resulting in shorter

battery life.

Brightness level can be adjusted (LOW/HIGH) in the SETUP MENU.

NAV Screens

The three NAV screens accessible from the NAV key are the POSITION,

NAV 1 and NAV 2 screens. You may scroll through these screens using the

NAV key or the UP/DOWN ARROWs. Press NAV until the POSITION screen

is displayed.

Viewing the POSITION Screen

The POSITION screen displays the coordinates and elevation of the

current position in a larger format so that they may be easily viewed

from a distance.

POSITION Screen Using UTM Coordinate System

POSITION Screen Using LAT/LON Coordinate System

34`06.58N

117`49.56W

0 F T E L

10:39:07AM

Latitude

Longitude

Elevation

Time

POSITION

WGS84

Datum

11 423758E

3774562N

0 F T E L

10:39:07AM

Easting

Northing

Elevation

Tim e

Zone

POSITION

WGS84

Datum

Viewing the NAV 1 Screen

Press the NAV key until the NAV 1 screen appears, showing BRG, DST,

COG and SOG. NAV 1, the first navigation screen, provides you with

information about your speed and direction of movement. If a route is

active, the NAV 1 screen also tells you where you are in relation to the

destination and courseline, and displays the name of the destination

waypoint of the active leg in the title bar.

In the bottom corner of the NAV 1 screen is a CDI (course deviation

indicator), which is a graphic representation of cross track error, or how

far off course you are. The straight line is the course marker, and the

current position is represented by the arrow. If the arrow is to the left of

the course marker, you are to the left of the courseline. The number

next to the CDI is the CDI scale, or the distance from the courseline at

the center to either end of the CDI. Pressing the LEFT/RIGHT ARROWs

changes the CDI scale. Select from 0.2, 0.4, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0 or 8.0 distance

units.

BRG

... ... 1.0

Distance to

Destination

Speed Over

Ground

Course

Deviation

Indicator (CDI) CDI Scale

and Units

Bearing to

Destination

TO WP002

Current

Destination

DST

287`

3.87

COG SOG

282`

11KTS

Course Over

Ground *

* Displays dashes if receiver is stationary (<1 knot)

The default fields include bearing (BRG) to the active waypoint, Distance

(DST), course over ground (COG) and speed over ground (SOG), or

using customize, you may select VMG (velocity made good), SOA (speed

of advance), ETA (estimated time of arrival), TTG (time to go), XTE (cross

track error), STR (steering), CTS (course to steer) or a blank line. (See

Customizing the Navigation Screens.)

Viewing the NAV 2 Screen

Press NAV again, or use the DOWN ARROW to scroll to the NAV 2

screen.

The NAV 2 screen displays three additional information fields which

can also be customized.

BRG

Direction of

Cross Track

Error

Bearing to

Destination

TO WP002

Current

Destination

287`

COG 282`

XTE 0.04

Course Over

Ground *

Cross Track

Error

* Displays dashes if receiver is stationary (<1 knot)

Information is displayed in a large format so that it may be easily viewed

from a distance. All of the fields can be customized; default fields include

bearing (BRG) to the active waypoint, course over ground (COG) and

cross track error (XTE), or you may select VMG (velocity made good),

SOA (speed of advance), SOG (speed over ground), ETA (estimated time

of arrival), TTG (time to go), DST (distance), XTE (cross track error), STR

(steering), CTS (course to steer) or a blank line. Cross track error (XTE) is

displayed as a numeric value. The arrow next to XTE indicates the

direction of the error, left or right of the course line.

Customizing the Nav Screens

As previously mentioned, NAV 1 and NAV 2 screens can be customized

to display the data fields you find most convenient for navigation.

When you access these two screens for the first time, the fields shown

are the default choices. The NAV 1 screen displays BRG, DST, COG and

SOG fields, while the NAV2 screen displays BRG, COG and XTE fields.

Available options include:

BRG Bearing to the active waypoint

DST Distance to the active waypoint

SOG Speed Over Ground

COG Course Over Ground

ETA Estimated time of arrival to the active waypoint

TTG Time to go

VMG Velocity made good toward active waypoint

XTE Cross track error

SOA Speed of Advance toward active waypoint

CTS Course to steer

STR Steering

Press the NAV key from any screen to view a NAV screen. Press NAV

again as necessary to display either the NAV 1 or NAV 2 screen.

Press ENTER to display the pop-up

menu.

Use the UP/DOWN ARROWs to

highlight CUSTOMIZE and press

ENTER.

The pop-up menu disappears and the

display returns to the NAV screen from

which you came.

NAV 1 screen

When the pop-up menu disappears and the display returns to the NAV

1 screen, the first field is highlighted. (The first default is BRG, but

another option may appear if you have previously customized the fields.)

Use the UP/DOWN ARROWs to select the field to edit, and the LEFT/

RIGHT ARROWs to scroll through the various options.

After you have selected an option, press the UP/DOWN ARROWs to

move to the next field, where you scroll through the list of options

again using the LEFT/RIGHT ARROWs.

When you have finished selecting all of the options you wish to include

in the NAV 1 screen display, press ENTER to exit and save the selections.

NAV 2 screen

When the pop-up menu disappears and the display returns to the

NAV 2 screen, the first default field heading “BRG” is highlighted.

Use the UP/DOWN ARROWs to select the field to edit, and the LEFT/

RIGHT ARROWs to scroll through the various options.

After you have selected an option, press the UP/DOWN ARROWs to

move to the next field, where you scroll through the list of options

again using the LEFT/RIGHT ARROWs.

When you have finished selecting all of the options you wish to include

in the NAV 2 screen display, press ENTER to exit and save the selections.

SAVE POS

CREATE WPT

ROUTE MENU

CONTRAST

CUSTOMIZE

ESCAPE

PLOT SCREENS

Three graphical screens can be accessed from the PLOT key: the PLOT

screen, the ROAD screen and the POINTER screen. You may scroll through

these three screens by pressing the PLOT key repeatedly once you have

accessed one of the PLOT screens or by using the UP/DOWN ARROWs.

Press ENTER from any of these three screens to display the pop-up menu.

Viewing the POINTER screen

Access the POINTER screen by pressing the PLOT key (twice or three

times, if necessary). This screen graphically displays the TO destination

waypoint of the current leg if there is an active route or GOTO and

the bearing and distance to that waypoint. An arrow inside the arc

points toward the destination of the active leg, shown as a waypoint

icon.

028` n

TO JETTY

BRG DST

13.5

Current

Destination

Bearing to

Destination Distance to

Destination

Icon **

Direction

Designator COG

Indicator *

Bearing

Indicator *

* Displayed only if receiver is moving

** The destination icon disappears if it

extends past the displayed arc (is

behind you).

Viewing the PLOT Screen

This screen plots your route on the display using the arrow icon to

display your relative position on the route. Your track is also displayed,

allowing you to follow your movement in relation to the course.

Press the PLOT key as necessary to access the PLOT screen. If many of

the waypoints you have created are contained in the current display

range, the screen may take several seconds to redraw. (If the screen

does not look similar to the one shown on the following page after

several seconds, press the PLOT key repeatedly to scroll though the

sequence.)

The PLOT screen displays “TO destination waypoint” of the current leg

if there is an active route or GOTO, and the bearing and distance to

that waypoint.

Changing the Plotter Scale

Press the LEFT/RIGHT ARROWS to adjust the scale, shown at the

bottom left corner of the screen.

Using PAN N SCAN

The PLOT screen is equipped with a PAN N SCAN feature that allows

the user to access waypoint information by positioning the cursor over

the waypoint. (To access the PLOT screen you may need to press the

PLOT key several times to scroll through the sequence.)

From the PLOT screen, press ENTER to access the pop-up menu. You

will notice that this menu is different from the pop-up menu accessed

from other screens in that it has an additional feature, PAN N SCAN.

Using the UP/DOWN ARROWs,

highlight PAN N SCAN and press

ENTER.

PAN N SCAN

BRG DST 13.5

028`

The PAN N SCAN screen is similar to

the PLOT screen, however a vertical and

horizontal line cross to form a cursor.

The bearing (BRG) and distance (DST)

from your present position to the cursor

are displayed at the top of the screen.

Use the UP/DOWN and LEFT/RIGHT

ARROWs to move the cursor anywhere

on the screen or to scroll off the screen

to view portions of the active route not

currently shown on the screen.

TO JETTY

BRG DST 13.5

Current

Destination

Bearing to

Destination

Distance to

Destination

Scale

028`

Near

Waypoint

Icon

Intended

Course

SAVE POS

CREATE WPT

ROUTE MENU

CONTRAST

PAN N SCAN

ESCAPE

When the cursor covers a waypoint icon

on the screen, the title bar displays the

name of that waypoint and, just below,

the bearing and distance to the

waypoint.

TO BUOY

BRG DST 23.5

256`

Setting a GOTO Using PAN N SCAN

When the cursor is on an icon and the waypoint name is displayed,

press ENTER.

A GOTO confirmation screen appears

with options GOTO and ESCAPE. Select

GOTO and press ENTER to return to

the PLOT screen or ESCAPE and press

ENTER to return to the PAN N SCAN

screen.

When the cursor on the PAN N SCAN screen is not on an icon, a GOTO

can be created to the coordinates at the cursor location. Press ENTER.

A GOTO confirmation screen appears

with options CREATE WPT, GOTO and

ESCAPE. Select GOTO and press ENTER

to create a one-leg route to the

coordinates at the cursor position and

return to the PLOT screen.

If no waypoint currently exists at the cursor position and you wish to

create one while creating a GOTO, select CREATE WPT and press ENTER.

Use the UP/DOWN and RIGHT/LEFT ARROWs to assign a name to

the waypoint and press ENTER.

To exit the PAN N SCAN screen, press ENTER when no waypoint is

covered by the cursor. The display returns to the PLOT screen.

Deleting Plotter Track

As you use your receiver more, you may soon notice the PLOT screen

becoming cluttered with the graphic display of your past movement

(track). You can erase the track display with the DELETE TRACK option

in the Clear Menu. Press MENU and use the UP/DOWN ARROWs to

highlight CLEAR MENU. Press ENTER and use the UP/DOWN ARROWs

to highlight DELETE TRACK and press ENTER. You will be asked to

confirm that you want to delete the track history. If you change your

mind, press any other function key to leave the track as it is.

TO BUOY

BRG DST 23.5256`

25 n

CREATE WPT

GOTO

ESCAPE

TO BUOY

BRG DST 23.5256`

25 n

GOTO

ESCAPE

Viewing the ROAD Screen

Access the ROAD screen by pressing the PLOT key (two or three times,

if necessary). This is the navigation CDI screen. As with the preceding

screen, the bearing and distance to the leg destination are displayed.

TO JETTY

BRG DST 13.5028`

Scale

Current

Destination

Bearing to

Destination

Distance to

Destination

Icon

Course

Deviation

Indicator

This screen depicts the course you should be on as the center line and

your position relative to the course (the arrow icon). Any waypoints

that would appear on or near this courseline are displayed as they come

into range.

When a route is active, you can adjust the CDI scale by pressing the

LEFT/RIGHT ARROWs shown in the bottom left corner of the screen.

WAYPOINTS

Saving a Position Fix as a Waypoint

During normal operation your receiver continuously computes your

position and displays that information on the POSITION screen. Quite

often you will want to store the position data for use later on. This

stored fix is referred to as a waypoint. An obvious use would be to store

the position where you are now with a unique name. That way if you

were to go to a new location you could use your receiver to guide you

back to your current location.

Receiver Generated Waypoint Name

ENTER

From any

NAV or PLOT

Screen

Highlight

SAVE POS

Press ENTER

ENTER

User Defined Waypoint Name

ENTER

From any

NAV or PLOT

Screen

Highlight

SAVE POS

Press ENTER

ENTER

Use ARROW

KEYS to assign

icon and name

From any NAV or PLOT screen, press

ENTER, highlight SAVE POS and press

ENTER. This tells the receiver that you

want to store the current position as a

waypoint. The cursor is in the upper left

corner of the display and the

highlighted arrow icons indicate that it

is in the edit mode. What you will do

next is assign a name to this position.

The waypoint name can be created by the receiver or you can input a

name that means something to you. If you press ENTER without creating

a name the receiver assigns a waypoint name. Waypoint names assigned

by the receiver appear in the format WPxxx, where the xxx is a

sequential number (001, 002, etc.).

To allow the receiver to name the

waypoint, press ENTER. The following

screen will appear briefly and then the

receiver returns to the POSITION screen.

Use the ARROWs to assign a waypoint

name that describes the position being

saved. A waypoint name always starts

with an identifier icon and 1 to 5

characters. After assigning a name,

press ENTER. The following screen will

appear briefly and then the receiver

returns to the POSITION screen.

Available Icons:

Right flag ( ) Left flag ( ) Diamond ( )

Double box( ) Anchor ( ), Square ( )

Diving symbol ( ) Fish ( ) Target ( )

34`06.58N

18OCT96

117`49.56W

0 F T E L

11:56

SAVE POS

WP001

34`06.58N

117`49.56W

0 F T E L

12:31A18OCT96

SAVE POS

DOCK

34`06.58N

117`49.56W

0 F T E L

SAVE POS

Creating a Waypoints

This allows you to create and store a waypoint with a receiver-generated

name or a user-assigned name and allows you to assign the position

coordinates.

From any NAV or PLOT screen, press ENTER, highlight CREATE WPT

and press ENTER. The CREATE WPT screen appears.

Press ENTER to accept a receiver-generated name or use the ARROWs

to assign a name of your choice and press ENTER.

The cursor moves to the first line of the

position. Use the UP/DOWN

ARROWs to scroll through the number

list, and use the LEFT/RIGHT ARROWs

to move the cursor. If using LAT/LON

coordinate system, the UP/DOWN

ARROW toggles between N and S.

Press ENTER to confirm and continue.

Using the LEFT/RIGHT and UP/DOWN

ARROWs you can change the second

line of the position. If using LAT/LON

coordinate system , the UP/DOWN

ARROW toggles between E and W.

Press ENTER to save the changes.

CREATE POS

JETTY

34`06.58N

117`49.56W

0FT EL

CREATE POS

JETTY

34`12.45N

117`49.56W

0FT EL

You may now assign the elevation. If you do not know the elevation,

press ENTER to accept the displayed value. In a few seconds the new

waypoint is saved and the receiver returns to the NAV screen from

which you started.

You can also create waypoints from the waypoint menu by

selecting CREATE and proceeding as described above.

Accessing the Waypoint Menu

The Waypoint Menu contains up to 200 named waypoints, displayed

in two columns of four waypoints each and extending to several pages.

MENU Highlight

WAYPOINTS

Press ENTER

Use ARROW KEYS to

assign icon and name

ENTER

From any

NAV or PLOT

Screen

Highlight

CREATE WPT

Press ENTER

ENTER

optional:

Use ARROW KEYS to assign

position coordinates. Press

ENTER to move to the next line.

Use ARROW

KEYS to assign

elevation value.

ENTER

To access the Waypoint Menu, press

MENU. Use the UP/DOWN ARROWs

to select WAYPOINTS and press ENTER.

This will take you to the WPT MENU

screen. This is a listing of all the

waypoints you have stored in your

receiver.

As the number of waypoints in the library increases, the WPT MENU

screen will add a second column of four waypoint names to the right of

the ones you have now, and will continue to another “page.” Use the

LEFT/RIGHT ARROWs move from column to column and the UP/

DOWN ARROWs move up and down through the list. When you reach

the end of the page, the cursor will automatically scroll to the next

page.

Viewing a Waypoint

MENU Highlight

WAYPOINTS

Press ENTER

Use ARROW

KEYS to select

waypoint

ENTER

From the WPT MENU, use the UP/

DOWN and LEFT/RIGHT ARROWs to

highlight the waypoint you wish to view

and press ENTER to display the

WAYPOINT screen. This screen closely

resembles the POSITION screen with the

notable addition of the time and date

the waypoint was saved.

Use the LEFT or RIGHT ARROWs to display the WAYPOINT screen

for adjacent waypoints in the waypoint list. Continue pressing the

LEFT or RIGHT ARROW to scroll through the entire list.

The UP/DOWN ARROWs give the

bearing (BRG) and distance (DST) for

the selected waypoint on the POINTER

screen.

028`

TO DOCK

BRG DST

M13.5

34`06.58N

117`49.56W

0 F T E L

12:31A18OCT96

WAYPOINT

DOCK

WPT MENU

JETTY

POS

DOCK

BUOY

WP001

WP002

WP003

CREATE

Accessing the Waypoint Function Menu

MENU Highlight

WAYPOINTS

Press ENTER

Use ARROW

KEYS to select

waypoint

ENTER ENTER

Press MENU, use the UP/DOWN

ARROWs to select WAYPOINTS and

press ENTER. Select a waypoint from

the list and press ENTER to access the

WAYPOINT screen, press ENTER again

to access a menu of functions that may

be performed on the selected

waypoint.

The ESCAPE option allows you return to the WAYPOINT screen by

pressing ENTER when ESCAPE is highlighted.

Projecting a Waypoint

This function allows you to project a waypoint, which means to create

a waypoint at a certain distance and bearing from an existing waypoint.

Press MENU, use the UP/DOWN ARROWs to select WAYPOINTS

and press ENTER. Select the waypoint in the list from which you wish

to project a new waypoint, then press ENTER to access the WAYPOINT

screen. Now press ENTER to access the function menu, highlight

PROJECT and press ENTER.

The WPT PROJECT screen appears with

the cursor positioned on the first

character in the distance field (DIST).

WPT PROJECT

FROM DOCK

DIST 000.0

BRG

ESCAPE

EDIT

WPT PROJEC

SUNRISE

DELETE

MENU Highlight

WAYPOINTS

Press ENTER

Use ARROW

KEYS to select

waypoint

ENTER ENTER Highlight

WPT PROJEC

Press ENTER

Use ARROW KEYS to

assign distance from

chosen waypoint

ENTER Use ARROW KEYS to

assign bearing from

chosen waypoint

ENTER

ENTER Use ARROW KEYS to

assign icon and name

ENTER

optional:

Use the UP/DOWN and LEFT/RIGHT ARROWs to key in the distance

at which you wish to project the new waypoint. When you have

finished, press ENTER to confirm and continue.

The cursor appears in the bearing field

(BRG). Use the UP/DOWN and LEFT/

RIGHT ARROWs to key in the bearing

at which you wish to project the new

waypoint. When you have finished,

press ENTER to confirm.

The coordinates of the projected

waypoint you have just created appear

on the WPT PROJECT screen.

To save these coordinates as a

waypoint, press ENTER to access the

DEFINE WPT screen, assign a name

using the UP/DOWN and LEFT/RIGHT

ARROWs, then press ENTER.

WPT PROJECT

FROM DOCK

DIST 045.0

BRG 010`

34`47.69N

117`27.38W

0FT EL

DEFINE WPT

The projected waypoint is saved as a new waypoint and the display

returns to the WAYPOINT screen from which you projected the new

waypoint.

Editing a Waypoint

This enables you to rename a waypoint (optional) and to change the

coordinate values for the waypoint.

Press MENU, use the UP/DOWN ARROWs to select WAYPOINTS

and press ENTER. Select a waypoint from the list and press ENTER to

access the WAYPOINT screen. Press ENTER to access the function

menu, highlight EDIT and press ENTER.

Highlight

WAYPOINTS

Press ENTER

Use ARROW

KEYS to select

waypoint

ENTER ENTER

Highlight

EDIT

Press ENTER

Use ARROW KEYS to

rename waypoint

ENTER

optional: Use ARROW KEYS to change

position coordinates. Press

ENTER to move to the next line.

Use ARROW

KEYS to change

elevation value.

ENTER

Waypoints that are currently used in a route (discussed in the

next section) cannot be cleared. The receiver will warn you if you

attempt to do so.

Changing the name of the waypoint is the first option. Use the LEFT/

RIGHT ARROWs to move the cursor and the UP/DOWN ARROW

to select the characters. After changing the waypoint name or if

there are no changes to the waypoint name, press ENTER.

Make a changes to the position using the UP/DOWN ARROWs to

scroll through the number list, and use the LEFT/RIGHT ARROWs to

move left and right. Press ENTER to accept the changes. After all

changes are made to the position and elevation, press ENTER. In a

few seconds the changes will be saved and the receiver returns you

to the WAYPOINT screen of the edited waypoint. Any name changes

that you made under edit have been saved, replacing the former

name and/or coordinates.

If you attempt to edit a waypoint contained in a route, a warn-

ing message will appear: "WARNING - WPT USED IN ROUTE

ENTER TO CONTINUE." You must first delete the waypoint from

the route (or delete the route) before modifying the waypoint.

Deleting a Waypoint

Used to permanently remove a waypoint from your receiver’s memory.

Highlight

WAYPOINTS

Press ENTER

Use ARROW

KEYS to select

waypoint

ENTER ENTER

Highlight

DELETE

Press ENTER

Highlight YES to

confirm deletion

ENTER

Press MENU, use the UP/DOWN ARROWs to select WAYPOINTS

and press ENTER. Select the waypoint in the list you wish to delete,

then press ENTER to access the WAYPOINT screen. Now press ENTER

to access the function menu, highlight DELETE and press ENTER.

The receiver will now give you one last

chance to change your mind. If you are

sure, use the UP/DOWN ARROWs to

highlight YES and press ENTER. The

waypoint is now erased and you are re-

turned to the next waypoint in the list.

WARNING

YES

DELETE DOCK

ROUTES

A route is a planned course of travel defined by a series of waypoints. To

create a route, you must already have waypoints stored in the receiver’s

memory. These waypoints are then connected to form the segments or

“legs” of the route. A route may contain from one to fifteen legs.

Activating a GOTO Route

The GOTO function enables you to create a simple one-leg route from

your present position to a defined waypoint. When a GOTO is active,

the title bar of the NAV and PLOT screens display “TO Destination

Waypoint” and the screens display the corresponding navigation

information.

GOTO

Use ARROW KEYS

to select

destination waypoint

ENTER

Press GOTO, use the UP/DOWN

ARROWs to highlight the desired

destination waypoint, and press

ENTER.

The first four selections in the GOTO menu allow you to create a Man

OverBoard, Backtrack or Coordinate route or to activate an existing

route. MOB, BCKTRK and COORD functions are discussed at the end of

the Route section.

It is also possible to activate a GOTO from the PAN N SCAN feature on

the PLOT screen as described earlier.

The receiver begins navigating toward the selected waypoint and the

display returns to the last viewed NAV screen.

It is necessary to have a current position fix in order to correctly activate

a GOTO. If you have a current position fix, the NAV screens will display

navigation data, if not, the navigation data will be replaced by dashes.

If a route, GOTO, or MOB is already active, the new GOTO

automatically replaces it and becomes the active route.

A GOTO always uses your current position as the starting point.

If the unit has not yet computed a position fix, then the start of

the GOTO may not represent your current position.

GOTO

MOB

BCKTRK

ROUTE

COORD

JETTY

FISH

WP001

WP002

BUOY

Accessing the Route Menu

The Route Menu is used to create and view up to five single or multi-

leg routes. A pop-up menu allows you to activate, deactivate, or reverse

a selected route, edit or view the legs of the route, or clear the route.

The ROUTE MENU can be accessed in three ways:

 Press MENU, use the UP/DOWN

ARROWs to select ROUTE MENU in the

FUNCTION MENU, and press ENTER.

FUNCTION MENU

SAT STATUS

ROUTE MENU

WAYPOINTS

SETUP

SIMULATOR

 From any NAV or PLOT screen,

press ENTER to access the pop-up

menu, select ROUTE MENU and press

ENTER.

 Press GOTO and highlight ROUTE

and press ENTER.

Creating a Multileg Route

This creates a route of 1 to 15 legs. Each leg has a start and end

waypoint. Each end waypoint is the start waypoint for the following

leg.

Access the

ROUTE

Use ARROW KEYS

to highlight an empty

route

ENTER

Use ARROW KEYS

select start of route

waypoint

ENTER

Use ARROW KEYS

select end of leg

waypoint

ENTER

To finish creating a multileg route, press ENTER without selecting

a "TO" waypoint.

SAVE POS

CREATE WPT

ROUTE MENU

CONTRAST

ESCAPE

GOTO

MOB

BCKTRK

ROUTE

COORD

JETTY

DOCK

WP001

WP002

BUOY

Access the ROUTE MENU. Use the UP/

DOWN ARROWs to select an EMPTY

route and press ENTER.

ROUTE MENU

1 EMPTY

2 EMPTY

3 EMPTY

4 EMPTY

5 EMPTY

If there are no EMPTY routes in the ROUTE MENU, you must

clear a route before you can create a new one.

Use the LEFT/RIGHT ARROWs to

select the FROM waypoint and press

ENTER. This is the starting position for

this leg of your route. The default

waypoint in the FROM field is the

current position, labeled as STRT1. The

“1” indicates that it is the START

waypoint of Route 1.

The highlight moves down to the TO

line. Use the LEFT/RIGHT ARROWs to

change the TO waypoint to be the

destination for this leg. Note that the

screen displays the bearing and distance

for this leg of the route. Press ENTER

to confirm the TO waypoint.

SET ROUTE

LEG 01

FROM DOCK

SET ROUTE

LEG 01

FROM DOCK

TO JETTY

028` 13.5

SET ROUTE

LEG 02

FROM JETTY

The receiver automatically used the TO

waypoint from the previous leg as the

FROM waypoint for the next leg.

Continue to add legs to this route by using the LEFT/RIGHT ARROWs

changing the TO waypoint and ENTER to confirm. The bearing and

distance are updated as you scroll through the various TO waypoints.

When you have created as many legs of the route as desired, simply

press ENTER with the TO highlight blank.

The display returns to the Route Menu. The new route is now the active

route, and can be viewed on the NAV and PLOT screens.

The receiver will not accept TO waypoints having the same or

nearly the same coordinates (within 0.1 distance units) as the

FROM waypoint.

Activating and Deactivating a Route

Only one route, MOB, BACKTRACK, COORD route or GOTO can be

active (in use) at any time. When you set a MOB, GOTO or BACKTRACK

route, any multileg route that you were using is automatically deactivated

and replaced with the route you just set. Likewise, creating a multileg

route makes that route the current active route, deactivating any other

route.

Access the

ROUTE

Use ARROW KEYS

to highlight route to

activate / deactivate

ENTER ENTER

Access the ROUTE MENU and use the UP/DOWN ARROWs to

highlight the route you wish to activate or deactivate and press ENTER

to display the pop-up menu.

Use the UP/DOWN ARROWs to highlight ACTIVATE or DEACTIVATE

and press ENTER.

If the route you selected is currently active, DEACTIVATE will appear on

the menu, and pressing ENTER will deactivate the route. If the route is

not active, ACTIVATE will appear on the menu, and pressing ENTER will

activate the route and return you to the last viewed NAV screen.

Reversing a Route

REVERSE ROUTE allows you to take an existing route and reverse the

order of waypoints in the route. For example, if you were to set a route

that went from point A to point B and ended at point C, REVERSE

ROUTE would change the route to go from point C to point B and

ending at point A.

Access the

ROUTE

Use ARROW KEYS

to highlight route to

be reversed

ENTER

Highlight

REVERSE

Press ENTER

Access the ROUTE MENU, highlight the route you want to reverse,

and press ENTER. Use the UP/DOWN ARROWs to highlight REVERSE

and press ENTER.

The route is reversed and the display returns to the ROUTE MENU.

Viewing the Route Summary (Edit Option)

The edit option displays a summary of the selected route, including

starting and ending waypoints, number of legs, and total distance. It

allows you to view, insert, delete and replace individual legs of a route,

as well as choose the leg on which you want to navigate by making this

the current active leg.

Access the

ROUTE

Use ARROW KEYS

to highlight route to

be edited

ENTER Highlight

EDIT

Press ENTER

Access the ROUTE MENU. Use the UP/

DOWN ARROWs to highlight the

route you want to view and press

ENTER. Use the UP/DOWN ARROWs

to highlight EDIT and press ENTER.

The SUMMARY screen for the selected

route is displayed.

SUMMARY

FROM DOCK

TO FISH

2 LEGS

TOTAL 28.3

DIST

Viewing the Legs of a Route

The legs of a route can be viewed individually by accesing the EDIT

option. Thist is also the option from which legs can be added, inserted,

removed, navigated or replaced.

Access the

ROUTE

Use ARROW KEYS

to highlight route to

be edited

ENTER Highlight

EDIT

Press ENTER

Use UP/DOWN

ARROWs to view

route legs

To review the route by viewing each of

the legs individually, starting from the

SUMMARY screen, press the UP/

DOWN ARROWs stepping through

each leg of the route and back to the

route summary.

LEG 2

FROM JETTY

TO FISH

223` 14.8

BRG DST

Inserting a Leg in a Route

You can insert a leg in a route by inserting a waypoint between the

starting and ending waypoints of an existing leg, thereby dividing it

into two legs.

Access the

ROUTE

Use ARROW KEYS

to highlight route to

be edited

ENTER Highlight

EDIT

Press ENTER

Use UP/DOWN

ARROWs to select

route leg

ENTER Highlight

INSERT

Press ENTER

Use LEFT/RIGHT

ARROWs to select

"TO" waypoint

ENTER

Access the ROUTE MENU and highlight the route to insert a leg into.

Press ENTER to bring up the pop-up menu, highlight EDIT, and press

ENTER. Use the UP/DOWN ARROWs to view the route leg in which

you want to insert a waypoint, press ENTER to access the EDIT LEG

menu, select INSERT, and press ENTER.

A highlight bar appears for you to select

the new TO waypoint for this leg,

thereby creating a new waypoint and

“pushing” the other waypoints in the

route forward to make room.

Use the LEFT/RIGHT ARROWs to scroll

through the waypoint list to the

waypoint you wish to use as the

destination for this new intermediate

leg and press ENTER.

The new leg has now been added. The FROM waypoint did not change

but the TO waypoint is now the one you just entered. The receiver

has updated the bearing and distance for this leg and displays it on

the screen.

Press the DOWN ARROW. The following leg has also been changed.

The following leg now starts from the waypoint you designated as

the TO waypoint for the previous leg.

The new TO waypoint must be different from the old (must have

a distance greater than 0.1 distance units from the "FROM"

waypoint); the receiver will not insert a leg in this case but will

return to the leg screen you were viewing.

Deleting a Leg

Another feature of editing a route is the ability to delete one of the

legs.

Access the

ROUTE

Use ARROW KEYS

to highlight route to

be edited

ENTER Highlight

EDIT

Press ENTER

Use UP/DOWN

ARROWs to select

route leg

ENTER Highlight

DELETE

Press ENTER

ENTER

Access the ROUTE MENU and highlight the route to be edited. Press

ENTER, highlight EDIT, and press ENTER. Use the UP/DOWN

ARROWs to view the route leg to be deleted, press ENTER to access

the EDIT LEG menu, select DELETE, and press ENTER.

INSERT LEG 2

FROM JETTY

BRG

3.87

DST

287`

WPOO2

The receiver gives you one last chance to change your mind. Press

ENTER to confirm. The leg is removed from the route. Press any

function key to abort the process.

Adding a Leg

You can add a leg to the end of the route in much the same way as you

would insert a leg, only this time you add a waypoint to extend the end

of the route beyond the original destination.

Access the

ROUTE

Use ARROW KEYS

to highlight route to

be edited

ENTER

Highlight

EDIT

Press ENTER

Use UP/DOWN

ARROWs to select

the last route leg

ENTER

Highlight

ADD LEG

Press ENTER

ENTER

Use LEFT/RIGHT

ARROWs to select

"TO" waypoint

Access the ROUTE MENU and highlight the route to be edited. Press

ENTER to bring up the pop-up menu, highlight EDIT, and press ENTER.

Use the UP/DOWN ARROWs to view the last leg in the route. Press

ENTER to access the EDIT LEG menu, select ADD LEG, and press

ENTER.

If ADD LEG does not appear as an option of the Leg Edit menu,

you were not viewing the final leg of the route. To add a leg to

the end of a route, you must be viewing the final leg when you

access the Leg Edit menu. (To add a leg within a route, see

Inserting a Leg in a Route.)

The ADD LEG screen appears with the

destination waypoint of the route in the

FROM field. It is used as the starting

point of the final leg you wish to create.

A highlight bar appears for you to select

the new TO waypoint for this leg.

Use the LEFT/RIGHT ARROWs to scroll

through the waypoint list to the

waypoint you wish to use as the

destination for this new final leg and

press ENTER.

The new leg has now been added. The receiver displays the bearing

and distance for this new final leg.

ADD LEG 4

FROM FISH

BRG

3.87

DST

287`

WPOO1

Replacing a Waypoint

This allows the destination (TO) waypoint of a leg to be changed to a

different waypoint.

Access the

ROUTE

Use ARROW KEYS

to highlight route to

be edited

ENTER

Highlight

EDIT

Press ENTER

Use UP/DOWN

ARROWs to select

the route leg

ENTER

Highlight

REPLACE

Press ENTER

ENTER

Use LEFT/RIGHT

ARROWs to select

"TO" waypoint

Access the ROUTE MENU and highlight the route to be edited. Press

ENTER to bring up the pop-up menu, highlight EDIT, and press ENTER.

Use the UP/DOWN ARROWs to view the leg to be modified. Press

ENTER to access the EDIT LEG menu, select REPLACE, and press EN-

TER.

A highlight bar appears for you to select

the new TO waypoint for this leg, replac-

ing the existing one.

Use the LEFT/RIGHT ARROWs to scroll

to the waypoint you wish to use as the

new destination for this leg of the route

and press ENTER.

The new TO waypoint must be different from the old (must have

a distance greater than 0.1 distance units from the "FROM"

waypoint)); the receiver will not replace a leg in this case but will

return to the leg screen you were viewing.

The destination has now been changed. The receiver has updated the

bearing and distance for this leg and displays it on the screen.

Press the DOWN ARROW. The following leg has also been changed.

The following leg now starts from the waypoint you designated as the

TO waypoint for the previous leg.

Navigating (Activating) a Leg

While navigating using a multileg route, one leg of the route is said to

be active. This is the leg that is currently being used to provide

navigational information. It is sometimes desirable to activate a different

leg, thereby changing the destination being navigated to.

REPLACE LEG 1

FROM JETTY

BRG

1.58

DST

207`

WPOO3

Access the ROUTE MENU and highlight the route to be edited. Press

ENTER to bring up the pop-up menu, highlight EDIT, and press ENTER.

Use the UP/DOWN ARROWs to view the leg to be activated. Press

ENTER to access the EDIT LEG menu, select NAVIGATE, and press

ENTER.

Press NAV or PLOT. The receiver begins navigating on the selected

leg.

If a route, GOTO, or MOB is already active, the leg you choose

to navigate automatically replaces it as the active leg.

Deleting a Route

This operation permanently removes a route from the Route Menu

returning the route to the "EMPTY" status.

Access the ROUTE MENU and highlight the route to be deleted. Press

ENTER to bring up the pop-up menu, highlight DELETE, and press

ENTER. Use the UP/DOWN ARROWs to confirm (YES) or abort

(NO) deleting the route. Press ENTER. The route has now been

deleted from memory.

Creating a MOB (Man OverBoard) Route

The MOB, or Man OverBoard function causes the receiver to save the

position that is current when the feature is accessed and to create a

one-leg route back to that position.

MOB ENTER

Press MOB. Highlight MOB and press ENTER.

If you have already saved an MOB position, the receiver gives

you the option of creating a new MOB position by displaying a

confirmation screen. To select a new MOB, press the DOWN

ARROW and ENTER.

Access the

ROUTE

Use ARROW KEYS

to highlight route to

be edited

ENTER

Highlight

EDIT

Press ENTER

Use UP/DOWN

ARROWs to select

the route leg

ENTER

Highlight

NAVIGATE

Press ENTER

ENTER

Access the

ROUTE

Use ARROW KEYS

to highlight route to

be cleared

ENTER Highlight

DELETE

Press ENTER

Highlight YES to

confirm and

press ENTER

The MOB position and MOB route information will be lost when

the receiver is turned off.

Creating a Backtrack Route

This creates a route using fixes in the Last Fix Buffer (up to 16 of the

most recent last fixes) to create a route that “backtracks” the course

you last took. This way you could leave point A, travel for a couple of

hours, set a backtrack route, and the receiver would guide you back to

point A following the same course you just took.

Use ARROW KEYS

to highlight

BCKTRK

GOTO ENTER

Press GOTO, DOWN ARROW to highlight BCKTRK, and press ENTER.

A backtrack is created in the first available route.

The display returns to the last viewed NAV screen and shows navigation

information for the destination waypoint of the first leg of the

BACKTRACK route.

If all five routes are full a message screen appears indicating that

a route must be deleted in order to create a backtrack. (If this is

the case, see Deleting a Route.)

Backtrack waypoints use an up arrow ( ) icon to indicate that they

were created in backtrack. How many of these waypoints were created

(up to 16) is determined by the number of fixes in your last fix buffer.

Creating a COORD Route

The COORD option allows you to create a one-leg route to a position

not contained in the waypoint list, simply by providing its coordinates.

Use ARROW KEYS

to highlight

COORD

GOTO ENTER

Press GOTO, use the UP/DOWN ARROWs to highlight COORD and

press ENTER.

The COORD screen appears. The cursor is on the leftmost character

of the latitude field and the arrow icons indicate that the display is in

edit mode. The position shown is the last position fix taken.

Edit the coordinates using the UP/DOWN ARROWs to scroll through

and select numbers, and the LEFT/RIGHT ARROWs to move the

cursor. At the rightmost position, the UP/DOWN ARROWs toggle

between N/S and E/W if using LAT/LON coordinate system.

The receiver immediately begins navigating toward the selected

coordinates. The display returns to the last viewed NAV screen and the

words TO COORD appear in the title bar.

The COORD position and COORD route information will be lost

when the receiver is turned off.

Last Fix Buffer

While you are taking position fixes your receiver can automatically save

them. The receiver will store position fixes in the last fix buffer at a rate

you defined in SETUP under LAST FIX INTERVAL.

Viewing a LAST FIX

Press MENU and use the UP/DOWN

ARROWs to highlight LAST FIXES (on

the second page of the Function Menu)

and press ENTER. The LAST FIX screen

that appears exactly duplicates the

screen you have already seen when

viewing a waypoint.

MENU Highlight

LAST FIXES

Press ENTER

Use LEFT/RIGHT

ARROW keys to select

last fix

Notice that the receiver has assigned a name that begins with a plus (+)

and is followed by a two-digit number. This number will increase as the

Last Fixes are being taken with the higher the number, the older the fix.

The receiver will store a total of 16 Last Fixes.

Use the LEFT/RIGHT ARROWs to scroll through the other last fixes

in the buffer.

Viewing the LAST FIX Trip Summary Screen

This screen informs you that the summary you are about to view will

cover the trip you made from the time the selected last fix was recorded

to your present position (POS) or a different last fix.

ENTER

Highlight

LAST FIXES

Press ENTER

Use LEFT/RIGHT

ARROW keys to select

any last fix except +LFX01

Use LEFT/RIGHT

ARROW keys to select

"TO" last fix or POS

34`06.60N

117`49.57W

0 F T E L WGS84

10:06A24OCT96

LAST FIX

+LFX01

Press MENU and use the UP/DOWN

ARROWs to highlight LAST FIXES and

press ENTER. Use the LEFT/RIGHT

ARROWs to select any Last Fix except

+LFX01. Press the UP ARROW. Use

the LEFT/RIGHT ARROWs to select

any of the other fixes present in the last

fix buffer that were taken after the one

chosen as the “FROM” waypoint.

Press ENTER for the Trip Summary.

TRIP SUMMARY

+LFX16|POS

ODOM 0.91

TIME 2:28HR

MAX VEL 6.0KTS

MIN VEL 0.0KTS

AVG VEL 0.4KTS

If you select +LFX01 as the FROM waypoint you will not be

given the opportunity to change the “TO” waypoint since there

have been no other fixes saved since +LFX01 was recorded. A

message “SELECT OLDER STARTING FIX FOR TRIP” appears.

SETUP OPTIONS

Setup options allow you to customize your receiver to display information

in the format that best suits your needs.

Initializing the Receiver

This option was discussed in more detail earlier, but, in general,

INITIALIZE allows you to input the approximate coordinates, time, and

date for your present position if the receiver has computed a position

fix or if it has had its memory cleared. This function should also be

used any time the unit is moved more than 300 miles with the unit

turned off, to help the receiver acquire a fix faster.

MENU Highlight

SETUP

Press ENTER

Highlight

INITIALIZE

Press ENTER

Use ARROW KEYS

to enter coordinate

information

TRIP SUMMARY

FROM +LFX16

07:46A24OCT96

TO POS

10:14A24OCT96

For a more detailed description, refer to section on First Time

Use - Initializing the Receiver.

Setting the Coordinate System

The coordinate system you ultimately select will depend on the maps

or charts that you are using with your receiver. The default coordinate

system is LAT/LON, DEG/MIN.00.

If you select LAT/LON, you will be asked to select one of three

formats for displaying position coordinates: DEG/MIN.00, DEG/

MIN.000 or DEG/MIN/SEC. If you choose one of the first two

options, the display is in decimal format, while the third option is

based on 60 seconds in a minute.

Available Coordinate Systems:

LAT/LON OSGB SWEDISH GRID

UTM IRISH GRID FINNISH GRID

TD SWISS GRID

Setting the Elevation Mode

MENU Highlight

SETUP

Press ENTER

Highlight

COORD SYS

Press ENTER

Use UP/DOWN

ARROWS to select

coordinate system

ENTER

MENU Highlight

SETUP

Press ENTER

Highlight

ELEV MODE

Press ENTER

Use UP/DOWN

ARROWS to select

2D or 3D

ENTER

In addition to position, your receiver can compute your elevation when

it is receiving signals from at least four satellites. This is referred to as

“3D” Elevation Mode.

When there are only three satellites in view, the receiver cannot compute

elevation though it can still compute your position. In this case the

receiver will display the last computed elevation or the elevation that

you manually enter in INITIALIZE. This elevation mode is referred to as

“2D” (the default setting). You may select either elevation mode in this

SETUP feature.

If you select the 2D elevation mode you will be prompted to input the

elevation. If you are unsure of the elevation you can press ENTER to

accept the previously used elevation.

If you select the 3D elevation mode, the receiver will calculate elevation

whenever signals are being received from at least four satellites. When

fewer satellites are being tracked, the receiver will default to 2D and

display the 2D icon.

Selecting Time Display

Your Magellan receiver can display time in one of three formats: local

24-hour (military), local 12-hour (AM/PM), or UT (Universal Time or

Zulu). The default Time Display is LOCAL AM/PM.

Highlight

SETUP

Press ENTER

Highlight

TIME FORMAT

Press ENTER

Use UP/DOWN ARROWS

to select LOCAL AM/PM,

LOCAL 24HR, or UT

ENTER

If either local time format is

selected, use the ARROW KEYS

to modify the displayed time

ENTER

If the receiver does not have a computed position fix the receiver

displays a warning to alert you that an initial time has not been

set in INITIALIZE. After inputting an initial time you may change

the format that time is displayed in.

Setting Velocity Averaging

As you are travelling with your receiver on you may notice fluctuations

in the velocity displayed. Like elevation, velocity is very susceptible to

Selective Availability. Velocity Averaging will minimize this effect by

displaying an averaged speed measurement. You have three options to

choose from: OFF (no averaging) would be used where you require

rapid updates of velocity: 20 SECONDS would be selected where rapid

updates of velocity are not essential, generally at fairly low velocities; or

60 SECONDS where immediate velocity information is relatively

unimportant, such as a long journey at a constant speed. The default is

OFF.

MENU Highlight

SETUP

Press ENTER

Highlight

VELOCITY AVG

Press ENTER

Use UP/DOWN ARROWS to

select OFF, 20 SECONDS,

or 60 SECONDS

ENTER

Setting Speed Units

SPEED UNITS allows you to select the unit of measure for speed

measurements. You may choose from KNOTS, MILES/HR or KM/HR.

The default is KNOTS.

MENU Highlight

SETUP

Press ENTER

Highlight

SPEED UNITS

Press ENTER

Use UP/DOWN ARROWS

to select KNOTS, MILES/HR,

or KM/HR

ENTER

Setting Distance Units

DIST. UNITS (Distance Units) allows you to select the unit of measure

that distances will be displayed in. You may choose from NM (nautical

miles), ST.MILES (statute miles), or KM (kilometers). NM is the default

setting.

MENU Highlight

SETUP

Press ENTER

Highlight

DIST UNITS

Press ENTER

Use UP/DOWN ARROWS

to select NM, ST MILES,

or KM

ENTER

Setting Elevation Units

ELEV. UNITS (Elevation Units) is the same as DIST. UNIT but this time you

will select the unit of measure that will be used to display your elevation

in, METERS or FEET. The default setting is FEET.

MENU Highlight

SETUP

Press ENTER

Highlight

ELEV UNITS

Press ENTER

Use UP/DOWN ARROWS

to select FEET or

METERS

ENTER

Setting North Reference.

This sets the north reference of the displays to TRUE or MAGNETIC. The

default North reference is MAGNETIC.

MENU Highlight

SETUP

Press ENTER

Highlight

NORTH REF

Press ENTER

Use UP/DOWN ARROWS

to select MAGNETIC or

TRUE

ENTER

Selecting Map Datum

Depending upon which map or chart you are using you may need to

change the Map Datum that the receiver will use. The datum required

will be printed on the map or chart. The most common is WGS84,

which is also the default Map Datum.

MENU Highlight

SETUP

Press ENTER

Highlight

MAP DATUM

Press ENTER

Use UP/DOWN

ARROWS to select

Map Datum

ENTER

Setting NMEA

NMEA is the communication standard for electronic marine navigation

equipment. Your receiver outputs position and navigation information

in the NMEA 0183 format to support navigation aids such as autopilots.

To use NMEA your receiver must be connected to the NMEA device

with the Power/Data Cable and the device you’re using must accept

the proper 0183 format. Your GPS receiver must be on and computing

fixes before NMEA information will be output through the data port.

MENU Highlight

SETUP

Press ENTER

Highlight

NMEA

Press ENTER

Use UP/DOWN ARROWS

to select OFF, 0183A,

0183B, or 0183C

ENTER

An optional Power/Data Cable is available for the Meridian XL

from your local dealer or directly from Magellan Systems.

Keep in mind that in order to support the NMEA device, your

receiver must be operating continuously. To prevent outages due

to low batteries, external power is recommended.

Selecting Baud Rate.

BAUD RATE allows you to select the appropriate baud rate for your

external equipment. (Check the documentation of your external

equipment.) You may choose from 1200, 4800, 9600 or 19200. The

default setting is 4800.

MENU Highlight

SETUP

Press ENTER

Highlight

BAUD RATE

Press ENTER

Use UP/DOWN ARROWS

to select 1200, 4800, 9600,

or 19200

ENTER

Selecting Waypoint Sort

WPT SORT allows you to classify the waypoints stored in the user

waypoint catalog in alphabetical order or according to their proximity

to the present position with the closest listed first. You may choose

from ALPHABETICAL, NEAREST or ICON. The default setting is

ALPHABETICAL.

Selecting the Last Fix Interval

This function allows you to set the rate that positions are automatically

saved to the last fix buffer. The default is 10 minutes.

Highlight

SETUP

Press ENTER

Highlight

LFIX INTERVAL

Press ENTER

Use UP/DOWN ARROWS to

select OFF, 10 MINUTES,

20 MINUTES, 30 MINUTES,

1 HOUR

ENTER

Plot Setup

PLOT SETUP allows you to adjust the track orientation and track history

on the PLOT screen.

For TRACK you may select OFF, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, or 5.0. The default setting

is 1.0. For ORIENTATION, you may select HEADING UP or NORTH UP.

The default setting is HEADING UP.

MENU Highlight

SETUP

Press ENTER

Highlight

WPT SORT

Press ENTER

Use UP/DOWN ARROWS

to selectALPHABETICAL

NEAREST or ICON

ENTER

Highlight

SETUP

Press ENTER

Highlight

PLOT SETUP

Press ENTER

Use UP/DOWN ARROWS to

select ORIENTATION;

HEADING UP or NORTH UP

ENTER

Use LEFT/RIGHT ARROWS

to select TRACK; OFF, 0.1,

0.5, 1.0, or 5.0 NM

Sampling

Sampling causes the receiver to turn itself on every 10 minutes, 20

minutes, 30 minutes, or 1 hour, compute a position fix, store the fix in

the last fix buffer, and then turn itself off.

In order to use Sampling, the receiver’s antenna must remain in an

open area and fully visible to the sky. If the antenna is blocked so that

the receiver cannot acquire sufficient satellites the receiver will be unable

to compute a position fix and the receiver will remain on until the

obstruction is removed.

When Sampling is on, a warning message appears on the POWER DOWN

screen to remind you that you have Sampling on.

Sampling will continue until it is turned off or until the battery warning

is displayed.

When the unit is turned on again, a message will appear requiring you

to confirm whether you want SAMPLING on or off. Select ON or OFF

using the UP/DOWN ARROWs and press ENTER.

Power Lock

POWER LOCK allows you to safeguard the receiver's battery power in

case of unintentional power-on by requiring a specific key sequence to

confirm. This feature is useful, for example, when POWER key is pressed

accidentally as a result of being stored in a bag, etc.

When POWER LOCK is turned on,

the start-up screens include the

message screen shown at right.

When this key sequence is pressed,

the receiver continues to POSITION

screen or the initialization screens.

If any other key any is pressed, the

unit turns off instantly.

Highlight

SETUP

Press ENTER

Highlight

SAMPLING

Press ENTER

Use UP/DOWN ARROWS to

select OFF, 10 MINUTES,

20 MINUTES, 30 MINUTES,

1 HOUR

ENTER

MENU Highlight

SETUP

Press ENTER

Highlight

POWER LOCK

Press ENTER

Use UP/DOWN

ARROWS to select

OFF or ON

ENTER

PRESS

MENU THEN

RIGHT ARROW

THEN ENTER

TO CONTINUE

Highlight

SAT STATUS

Press ENTER

SAT STATUS

Note that the POWER LOCK feature remains active until it is

turned off under SETUP.

Light Intensity

LIGHT INTEN. allows you to select the brightness level (HIGH or LOW)

of the display. The light can be switched on and off by holding down

the “LIGHT” key.

Additional Features

Viewing the SAT STATUS Screen

This screen displays the satellites by their signal strength and their

position in the sky relative to your location. An asterisk (*) indicates

that the unit is not locked on to that particular satellite. When lock is

achieved the * will be replaced by the signal strength of the satellite.

Signal strength will range from 0 to 9, with 9 representing better signal

strength.

MENU Highlight

SETUP

Press ENTER

Highlight

CONTRAST

Press ENTER Use LEFT/RIGHT

ARROWS to adjust

contrast

ENTER

From any

NAV or PLOT

Screen

Highlight

CONTRAST

Press ENTER

ENTER

Highlight

SETUP

Press ENTER

Highlight

LIGHT INTEN

Press ENTER

Use UP/DOWN

ARROWS to select

HIGH or LOW

ENTER

Contrast

CONTRAST allows you to adjust the contrast level of the display to

allow you to select the best contrast level for the particular environment

you are in.

Press MENU, highlight SAT STATUS and

press ENTER. The receiver displays the

SAT STATUS screen.

Viewing the Odometer

The Odometer feature displays the ODOMETER screen which keeps track

of total distance traveled as well as trip distance, similar to the odometer

in an automobile.

Press MENU, highlight ODOMETER on

the second page of the function menu

and press ENTER.

The ODOMETER screen appears, show-

ing the total distance traveled and the dis-

tance traveled on the current trip.

Resetting the Odometer and/or Trip Odometer

MENU Highlight

ODOMETER

Press ENTER

Highlight ESCAPE and press ENTER to return to the Odometer Screen.

Press any function key or the Menu key to exit the Odometer Screen.

Viewing the Clock

The Clock option will display the current date and time in the time

format selected during setup.

ODOMETER

000017

ODOMETER

TRIP ODOMETER

017

Press ENTER to return to the Function Menu.

Setting Alarms

Your Magellan receiver has the ability to sound an external alarm when

you arrive at your destination (ARRIVAL); have moved a predefined

distance from the place where you set your anchor (ANCHOR); and/or

if your cross track error is greater then the defined radius (XTE).

From the

Odometer

Screen

ENTER Highlight

RESET TRIP and/or RESET ODOM

and press ENTER

MENU Highlight

CLOCK

Press ENTER

MENU Highlight

ALARMS

Press ENTER

Use UP/DOWN ARROWS to

select ARRIVAL, ANCHOR,

or XTE

ENTER

To Set Alarm Radius:

Use ARROW

KEYS to enter

radius value

Use LEFT/RIGHT ARROWS

to turn alarm on or off

(check mark = ON)

Use UP/DOWN ARROWS to

select ARRIVAL, ANCHOR,

or XTE

To Exit Alarm Menu:

Use UP/DOWN

ARROWS to select

ESCAPE

ENTER

With the alarm menu displayed, you can turn an alarm on or off by

pressing the ENTER key.

If you turn on the ANCHOR, XTE or arrival alarms, you will have the

option of changing the radius of the selected alarm. The default is set

at 200 feet. If an alarm is turned on it will be preceded by a √ (check

mark). Use the LEFT/RIGHT ARROWs to turn alarms on and off.

Press ENTER, and use the UP/DOWN and LEFT/RIGHT ARROWs to

set radius of a selected alarm. To exit the ALARM MENU, highlight

ESCAPE and press ENTER.

Viewing the SUN/MOON Screen

This screen will display the time of sunrise and sunset for the chosen

waypoint. It also graphically displays the lunar cycle of the moon.

MENU Highlight

WAYPOINTS

Press ENTER

Use ARROW

KEYS to select

waypoint

ENTER Highlight

SUNRISE

Press ENTER

Use ARROW

KEYS to select

date to view

ENTER

Press MENU, use the UP/DOWN ARROWs to select WAYPOINTS

and press ENTER. Select the waypoint in the list for which you wish

to view sunrise information, then press ENTER to access the

WAYPOINT screen. Now press ENTER to access the function menu,

highlight SUNRISE and press ENTER.

The first step in viewing the solar and

lunar information is to enter the date

for which you want the information.

Use the UP/DOWN and LEFT/RIGHT

ARROWs to set the date and press

ENTER.

The receiver will compute the sunrise,

sunset, and lunar cycle for the waypoint

chosen on the date you entered.

Full moon

Half moon

New moon

JETTY

04OCT96

SUN ^ 06:47AM

SUN & 06:32PM

MOON

JETTY

06OCT96

SUN^

SUN&

MOON

Simulator

The simulator mode causes the receiver to create a fictitious route from

your location to two newly created waypoints. You will find the Simulator

very handy when you want to review or practice using your receiver at

home. In the simulate mode you can watch the receiver simulate

movement and observe how the different navigational screens respond.

Highlight

SIMULATOR

Press ENTER

ENTER NAV

To activate, press MENU and use the UP/DOWN ARROWs to select

SIMULATOR, then press ENTER. You will then be prompted to press

NAV to return to the NAV Screen. After using the Simulator, be sure to

turn it off again by highlighting SIMULATOR function under the MENU

key and pressing ENTER. If you turn the receiver off before you turn

the simulator off, the waypoints and route it created will not be cleared.

Deleting Last Fixes

DELETE LFIX will erase all of the waypoints in your Last Fix Buffer.

Press MENU and highlight the CLEAR MENU. Press ENTER and use

the UP/DOWN ARROWs to highlight DELETE FIXES. You will be

instructed to press ENTER to delete the Last Fixes. If you change your

mind, press any other function key to leave the last fixes as they are.

Deleting Track from the Plotter Screen

As you use your receiver more you may soon notice the PLOT screen

becoming cluttered with the graphic display of your past movement

(track). You can delete the track display with the DELETE TRACK option.

Use the UP/DOWN ARROWs to highlight DELETE TRACK and press

ENTER. You will be asked to press ENTER to confirm that you want

to delete the track history. If you change your mind, press any other

function key to leave the track as it is.

MENU Highlight

CLEAR MENU

Press ENTER

ENTER Highlight

DELETE LFIXES

Press ENTER

ENTER ENTER

MENU Highlight

CLEAR MENU

Press ENTER

ENTER Highlight

DELETE TRACK

Press ENTER

ENTER ENTER

Delete All Waypoints from Waypoint List

DELETE WPTS will delete all of the waypoints in your waypoint list. If

routes currently exist, deleting waypoints requires that all routes be

deleted and a message will be displayed. See Deleting Routes.

Highlight DELETE WPTS using the UP/DOWN ARROWs and press

ENTER. You will be instructed to press ENTER to erase the waypoints.

If you change your mind, press any other function key to leave the

waypoints intact.

Clearing Receiver Memory

This reset will erase all of the waypoints in your receiver’s

memory. Before selecting Clear Menu we recommend that you

review the waypoints in your waypoint library, recording on

paper the coordinates for any waypoint that you want to use in

the future. After turning the receiver back on, you can enter

those waypoints again.

Clear Memory will erase all of your receiver’s memory including resetting

all of the Setup features to their default values.

MENU Highlight

CLEAR MENU

Press ENTER

ENTER Highlight

CLEAR MEMORY

Press ENTER

ENTER

Press keys as instructed by receiver

To access Clear Memory, use the UP/DOWN ARROWs to highlight

CLEAR MEMORY and press ENTER. You will then be given instructions

as to which keys to simultaneously hold down to reset your receiver.

If you change your mind, simply press any function key to escape.

Note that it is not required that you go to the SETUP menu to do

a reset; holding down the proper keys at any time will reset your

receiver.

The keys to press simultaneously are NAV, GOTO, LIGHT, and MENU.

If you do not wish to delete anything from the receier's memory, select

ESCAPE to exit the Clear Menu.

MENU Highlight

CLEAR MENU

Press ENTER

ENTER Highlight

DELETE WPTS

Press ENTER

ENTER ENTER

Status Line Icons

Status appear on most screens and provide you with some valuable

information as to the status of the position fixes that are being computed.

Most information on this line will be represented by icons which appear

before the arrows on the right side of the status line. These arrows have

two functions, depending on how they are displayed.

Inverted arrow icons in the lower right corner indicate that the

ARROW keys are used to enter or edit information.

Non-inverted arrow icons indicate that there are other screens

accessible from this screen using the ARROW keys.

ÜPoor Geometric Quality. Appears when the Geometric Quality

(GQ) of a position fix is below a set value and the accuracy of the

position fix is questionable. Position information displayed may

not be accurate enough to be used for navigation.

ÄOld Data. The Old Data icon (“hourglass”) appears when the

receiver has been unable to update the position fix. The position

information displayed is that of the last position fix computed.

Position and navigation information displayed while the Poor

Geometric Quality and Old Data icons are being displayed may

be inaccurate and should not be used for navigation.

ÑLow Signal Quality. Is displayed if the Signal Quality (SQ) of one

or more satellites used to compute a position fix drops below a

minimum level. This has a minimal effect on accuracy, and is

intended only to alert you that a signal may soon be lost.

ÇTwo Dimensional. The 2D icon indicates that the receiver is not

receiving signals from at least four satellites to compute elevation

information. The 2D icon is also displayed when you have selected

2D in the ELEV. MODE portion of Setup.

Light On. Indicates that the display light is on.

Simulator . Indicates that the simulator function is activated.

DDifferential. Indicates that the unit is receiving differential

information.

LOW BAT Battery Warning. This is warning you that you need to

replace the batteries very soon or risk losing stored data.

Troubleshooting

frozen display, Remove power and wait for the receiver to turn

keypad does not off. Remove and reinsert batteries. Turn power back

on and press ENTER.

Use the four-finger reset NAV, GOTO, LIGHT and

MENU pressed together.

The reset will clear the receiver’s memory.

no power Check how the batteries were inserted into the tray;

are they oriented correctly? The batteries may also

have run down completely.

If operating from external power, the receiver may

not have been hooked up correctly, or the external

power source is not operating. Check the connec-

tions, and be sure the external power source is

operating correctly.

Use only the Magellan Power/Data Cable to connect the receiver

to external power.

position fix If the old data icon (Ä) is displayed, the signal from

doesn’t change one or more satellites has been lost, and the receiver

has been unable to reacquire or replace it. The

displayed fix is at least 10 seconds old, and should

not be used for navigation.

If there is no old data icon, the display may be

frozen. Press any key to change the display. If the

display does not changed, refer to “frozen display.”

position fix Small changes in the position coordinates and

fluctuates elevation are normal. They are caused by several

variables, including the geometric quality of the fix

and the effects of SA. Geometric quality is a mea-

surement of the probable accuracy of a fix based on

the position of the satellites being used in relation to

each other.

NMEA device is The receiver may be outputting an NMEA data

not responding message that is not compatible with the NMEA

respond

device; check the message format selected with

SETUP. Also check the connection between the

receiver and the device, and be sure the device is on.

If supporting an autopilot, be sure that a route has

been set and activated.

How to Contact Customer Service

The list above should allow you to solve most of the operating problems

you are likely to encounter. Simply disconnecting the unit from power for

a moment may solve your problem. If this does not help, try clearing the

receiver's memory in the Setup Menu and reinitializing your receiver.

If you are unable to solve your operation problems, please call Magellan's

Customer Service at 909-394-5000. Representatives are available Monday

through Friday, from 8 A.M. to 5 P.M., Pacific Standard Time. Faxes can

be sent to Customer Service at 909-394-7050.

If necessary, you can also return your unit to Magellan for repair. (Please

call for assistance first.) If possible, please notify us before shipping the

unit by Parcel Post or UPS, and include with the unit a description of the

problem and your name and address. If your return shipping address is

different, please include it.

With all correspondence, please be sure to state the model of the receiver

you have and if calling, please be sure to have your unit with you.

Packages should be sent to:

Magellan Systems Corporation

960 Overland Court

San Dimas, CA 91773

Attn.: Warranty/Repair

Appendix

In addition to the items provided with the receiver, optional accessories

are also available.

Mounting Kit Includes a mountable bracket for hands-free operation, a

9–16 VDC Power/Data Cable, the Antenna Extension Cable, and the

Antenna Suction Cup Mount. The Extension Cable and Suction Cup Mount

are required to operate with the quadrifilar antenna detached. Do not

alter the length of the antenna extension cable or use a non-Magellan

cable, as this may adversely affect receiver sensitivity.

External Antenna An external antenna that is mounted to a range pole

or vehicle roof in order to provide satellite signals to the receiver when

being operated in a sheltered location. Does not require a separate power

source. Comes with 30 feet of connecting cabling and mounting hardware.

Magnetic Mount for External Antenna A magnetic mounting device

used to temporarily mount the external antenna to a flat metal surface.

Ordering Instructions (Mail, FAX, or Phone)

By Mail: Complete the order form provided with this manual, adding

shipping and handling changes, and sales tax where applicable. Include

a check, money order or credit card information and send it to:

Magellan Systems Corporation

Attention Order Department

960 Overland Court

San Dimas, CA 91773-1742 USA

By FAX: Complete the order form, adding shipping and handling

charges, and sales tax where applicable. Include your credit card

information and FAX the form to (909) 394-7050.

By Phone: Complete the order form provided with this manual,

adding shipping and handling changes, and sales tax where applicable.

Have the order form and your credit card information ready and phone

the Magellan Order Hotline at (909) 394-6067. You can then place

your order via voice mail. Please leave your phone number should we

need to contact you concerning your order.

Optional Accessories

List of Available Datumss

INDIA Indian (India, Nepal)

IRAN Iran

IRELA Ireland 1965

KAUAI Kauai

KERTA Kertau 1948

KKJ KKJ (Finland)

LIBER Liberia 1964

LUZON Luzon

MASSA Massawa

MAUI Maui

MERCH Merchich

MINNA Minna

MONTJ

NAHRW Nahrwan, Saudi Arabia

OAHU Oahu

OEGYP Old Egyptian

OHAWA Old Hawaiian

OMAN Oman

PITCA Pitcairn Astro 1967

QATAR Qatar National

QORNO Qornoq

RT90 Rt90 (Sweden)

SAM56 Provisional So. Am. 1956

SAM69 South American 1969

SCHWA Schwarzeck

SICIL Sicily

SIERR

SWISS

TANAN Tananarive Observatory 1925

THAI Indian (Thailand, Vietnam)

TIMBA Timbalai

TOKYO Tokyo

VOIRO

WGS72 World Geodetic System 1972

YACAR Yacare

ZANDE Zanderij

WGS84 World Geodetic System

NAD27 North American 1927

NAD83 North American 1983

ADIND Adinda

ALASK Alaska

ARC50 Arc 1950

ARC60 Arc 1960

ASTRO Camp Area Astro

AUS66 Australian Geodetic 1966

AUS84 Australian Geodetic 1984

BOGOT Bogota Observatory

BUKIT Bukit Rimpah

CAMPO Campo Inchauspe

CANAD Canada

CAPE Cape

CARTH Carthage

CENAM Central America

CHATH Chatham 1971

CHUAA Chau Astro

CORRE Corrego Alegre

CYPRU Cyprus

DJAKA Djakarta (Batavia)

EGYPT Egypt

EUROP European 1950 (All of Europe)

EUR50 European 1950 (W. Europe)

EUR79 European 1979

GANDA Gandajika Base

GEO49 Geodetic Datum 1949

GHANA

GRB36 Ordnance Survey of GB, 1936

GUAM Guam

GUNSG G. Segara

GUNSR

HAWAI Hawaii

HERAT Herat North

HJORS Hjorsey 1955

HUTZU Hu-tzu-shan

NMEA Message Sets

Data Transfer

Your GPS receiver can be set to output GPS data in the NMEA 0183

format to interface with other marine devices.

The dataport must be turned on and the output message format

selected in SETUP.

NMEA DATA MESSAGES. NMEA data is output at the baud rate selected

in Setup, 8, N, 1, checksum off. These settings are acceptable to most

equipment and software applications.

There are several NMEA output message sets, each with a slightly different

application. Check the documentation for your external equipment to

select the appropriate message set.

SET OUTPUT/USAGE

0183A BWC, APA, GLL, VTG

Remote displays, version 1.x marine autopilots

0183B RMC, RMB

NMEA-recommended navigation data for remote map, etc.

0183C APB, GGA, BWC, GLL, VTG

Version 2.0 marine autopilot data and satellite data

NMEA Message Definitions

APA Autopilot cross track error, direction to steer, status of GPS, route

status, destination waypoint name, and bearing from origin to

destination (old format).

APB Revised autopilot message contains all of the above plus: heading

to steer toward destination, bearing from the present position

to the destination (magnetic or true).

BWC Range and bearing to a waypoint

GGA GPS position, time, fix quality, number of satellites used, HDOP

(Horizontal Dilution of Precision), differential reference

information, and age.

GLL GPS-derived latitude, longitude, and time of fix.

RMB Data status, cross track error, direction to steer, origin, destination

waypoint, waypoint location, bearing to destination, and velocity

toward the destination.

RMC Time, latitude, longitude, speed over ground, course over

ground, and date.

VTG Track (magnetic and true) and groundspeed (knots and KPH).

OUTPUT DATA FORMAT

APA Autopilot Format A

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

APA,A,A,X.XX,L,N,A,A,XXX.,M,CCC

1 OR’ed Blink and SNR (A = valid, V = invalid)

2 Cycle Lock (A = valid, V = invalid)

3-5 Cross Track, Sense (L = steer left, R = steer

Right), N.Mi. Units

6-7 Arrival Circle, Arrival Perpendicular (crossing

of the line which is perpendicular to the course

line and which passes through the destination

waypoint.

8-9 Bearing dest. wpt. from origin wpt., Magnetic

10 Dest wpt. identifier

APB Autopilot Sentence “B”

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

APB,A,A,x.x,a,N,A,A,x.x,a,c—c,x.x,a,x.x,a*hh

1 Status: V = Loran-C Blink or SNR warning

A = general warning flag for other

navigation systems when a

reliable fix is not available.

2 Status: V = Loran-C cycle lock warning flag

A = OK or not used

3 Magnitude of XTE

4 Direction to steer (L, R)

5 XTE units, nautical miles

6 Status: A = arrival circle entered

7 Status: A = perpendicular passed at waypoint

8-9 Bearing origin to destination, M/T

10 Destination waypoint ID

11-12 Bearing, present position to destination,

Magnetic or True

13-14 Heading to steer to destination waypoint,

Magnetic or True

BWC To Selected Waypoint, Great Circle

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

BWC,XXXXXX,XXXX.XX,N,XXXXX.XX,W,XXX.,T,XXX.,M,XXX.X,N,CCCC

1 UTC of Bearing

2-3 Lat, N or S of waypoint

4-5 Long, E or W of waypoint

6-7 Bearing, True

8-9 Bearing, Magnetic

10-11 Distance, naut. miles

12 Waypoint identifier

GGA Global Positioning System Fix Data

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1011

GGA, hhmmss.ss,111.11,a,yyyyy.yy,a,x,xx,x.x,x.x,M,x.x,

1213 14

M,x.x,xxxx*hh

1 UTC of Position

2-3 Latitude – N/S

4-5 Longitude - E/W

6 GPS Quality Indicator

0 = fix not available or invalid

1 = GPS Fix

2 = Differential GPS Fix

7 Number of satellites in use

8 Horizontal dilution of precision

9 Antenna altitude above/below mean sea level

10 Units of antenna altitude

11 Geoidal separation – difference between the

WGS-84 earth ellipsoid and mean sea level

(geoid), “-” = mean sea level below ellipsoid

12 Units of geoidal separation, meters.

13 Age of Differntial GPS data – Time in seconds

since last SC104 Type 1 or 9 update, null

field when DGPS is not used

14 Differential reference station ID, 0000-1023

GLL Geographic Position — Latitude/Longitude

1 2 3 4 5 6

GLL,1111.11,a,yyyyy.yy,a,hhmmss.ss,A*hh

1-2 Latitude, N/S

2-3 Longitude, E/W

4 UTC of position

6 Status A = Data valid

RMB Generic Navigation Information (immediately follows RMC)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

RMB,A,X.XX,L,CCCC,CCCC,SSS.SS,N,XXXXX.XX,W,XXX.X,XXX.,XX.X,

13 14

A *XX

1 Status (A = valid, V = invalid)

2-3 XTE, naut. miles and direction to steer (L or

R) [If XTE exceeds 9.99 NM, display 9.99 in

field 2.]

4 Origin waypoint ID

5 Destination waypoint ID

6-7 Destination Waypoint Latitude (N or S)

8-9 Destination Waypoint Longitude (E or W)

10 Range naut. miles, present fix to destination

waypoint Great Circle. [If range exceeds

999.9 nm, display 999.9.]

11 Bearing, True, Great Circle, Present fix to

dest. waypoint

12 Closing velocity to destination, knots

13 Arrival (OR’ed arrival circle and crossing of

line which is perpendicular to the course line

and which passes through the destination

waypoint.)

14 CHECKSUM (Mandatory in this sentence.)

RMC Transit Specific (to be followed by RMB)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 12

RMC,XXXXXX,A,XXXX.XX,N,XXXXX.XX,W,XX.X,XXX.,XXXXXX,XX.,E *XX

1 Time, UTC

2 Status (A = valid, V = invalid)

3-4 Latitude at UTC time, N or S

5-6 Longitude at UTC time, E or W

7 Speed over ground, knots

8 COG (track), degrees

9 Date (DDMMYY)

10 Variation, degrees

11 Variation, sense (E or W)

12 CHECKSUM (Mandatory in this sentence)

VTG Actual Track and Ground Speed (SOG)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

VTG,XXX.,T,XXX.,M,XX.X,N,XX.X,K

1-2 Track degrees, True

3-4 Track degrees, Magnetic

5-6 Speed, knots

7-8 Speed, kilometers/hour

The formats listed are NMEA formats and Magellan receivers may not

output all of the information listed for a particular format.

City Reference Chart

Australia & SW Pacific

Adelaide 34°55.00 S 138°35.00 E

Alice Springs 23°42.00 S 133°53.00 E

Apia 13°48.00 S 171°45.00 W

Auckland 36°55.00 S 174°47.00 E

Bourail 21°34.00 S 165°29.00 E

Brisbane 27°28.00 S 153°02.00 E

Canberra 35°17.00 S 149°08.00 E

Coober Pedy 28°56.00 S 134°45.00 E

Dampier 20°45.00 S 116°48.00 E

Darwin 12°28.00 S 130°50.00 E

Derby, WA 17°19.00 S 123°38.00 E

Honiara 9°28.00 S 159°57.00 E

Iron Range 12°39.00 S 143°13.00 E

Mount Isa 20°50.00 S 139°29.00 E

Nadi 17°47.00 S 177°29.00 E

Newman, Mt. 23°20.00 S 119°34.00 E

Ooldea 30°30.00 S 131°45.00 E

Perth 31°56.00 S 115°50.00 E

Port Moresby 9°30.00 S 147°07.00 E

Rawlinna 31°00.00 S 125°21.00 E

Timaru 44°23.00 S 171°14.00 E

Townsville 19°13.00 S 146°48.00 E

Asia

Bangalore 12°58.00 N 77°35.00 E

Bangkok 13°44.00 N 100°30.00 E

Beijing 39°55.00 N 116°26.00 E

Bombay 18°56.00 N 74°35.00 W

Calcutta 22°30.00 N 88°20.00 E

Colombo 6°55.00 N 79°52.00 E

Delhi 28°40.00 N 77°14.00 E

Hanoi 21°01.00 N 105°52.00 E

Harbin 45°45.00 N 126°41.00 E

Ho Chi Minh City 10°46.00 N 106°43.00 E

Hong Kong 22°15.00 N 114°10.00 E

Islambad 33°40.00 N 73°08.00 E

Jakarta 6°08.00 S 106°45.00 E

Kagoshima 31°37.00 N 130°32.00 E

Kandla 23°03.00 N 70°11.00 E

Karachi 24°51.00 N 67°02.00 E

Kathmandu 27°42.00 N 85°19.00 E

Kinabalu, Gunung 6°03.00 S 116°32.00 E

Kota, Malaysia 2°33.00 N 102°10.00 E

Kuala Lumpur 3°08.00 N 101°42.00 E

Kunming 25°04.00 N 102°41.00 E

Malang 7°59.00 S 112°45.00 E

Mandalay 21°57.00 N 96°04.00 E

Nagpur 21°10.00 N 79°12.00 E

Padang 6°12.00 S 120°27.00 E

Palu 8°19.00 S 121°44.00 E

Pinang 5°30.00 N 100°28.00 E

Pontianak 0°05.00 S 109°16.00 E

Rangoon 16°47.00 N 96°10.00 E

Sapporo 43°05.00 N 141°21.00 E

Seoul 37°30.00 N 127°00.00 E

Shanghai 31°06.00 N 121°22.00 E

Sorong 0°50.00 S 131°17.00 E

Surakarta 7°32.00 S 110°50.00 E

Tanahmerah 6°08.00 S 140°18.00 E

Tapei 25°05.00 N 121°32.00 E

Thimphu 27°32.00 N 89°43.00 E

Tokyo 35°40.00 N 139°45.00 E

Tonhil 46°19.00 N 93°54.00 E

Ulaanbaatar 47°54.00 N 106°52.00 E

Ürümqi 43°43.00 N 87°38.00 E

Wuhan 30°35.00 N 117°55.00 E

Xi’an 34°16.00 N 108°54.00 E

Yumen 39°54.00 N 97°43.00 E

CIS

Anadyr 64°50.00 N 177°50.00 E

Arkhangel’sk 64°32.00 N 40°40.00 E

Ashkhabad 37°58.00 N 58°24.00 E

Baku 40°22.00 N 49°53.00 E

Balkhash 46°50.00 N 74°57.00 E

Barnaul 53°21.00 N 83°45.00 E

Chita 52°03.00 N 113°35.00 E

Gizhiga 62°00.00 N 160°34.00 E

Igarka 67°31.00 N 86°33.00 E

Inarigda 63°15.00 N 107°40.00 E

Kargasok 59°07.00 N 80°58.00 E

Khatanga 71°59.00 N 102°31.00 E

Kiyev 50°25.00 N 133°43.00 E

Krasnodar 45°02.00 N 39°00.00 E

Magdagachi 53°27.00 N 125°44.00 E

Moscow 55°45.00 N 37°42.00 E

Okhotsk 59°20.00 N 143°15.00 E

Perm 58°01.00 N 56°10.00 E

Petropavlovsk 54°53.00 N 69°13.00 E

Riga 56°40.00 N 106°10.00 E

Saratov 51°30.00 N 45°55.00 E

Tashkent 41°16.00 N 69°13.00 E

Tulun 54°32.00 N 100°35.00 E

Vanino 49°05.00 N 140°14.00 E

Vladivostok 43°09.00 N 131°53.00 E

Vorkuta 67°27.00 N 64°00.00 E

Yakutsk 62°10.00 N 129°50.00 E

Middle East

Al Kuwayt 29°20.00 N 48°00.00 E

Ar Riyad 24°39.00 N 46°46.00 E

Baghdad 33°20.00 N 44°26.00 E

Bam 36°57.00 N 57°56.00 E

Halab 36°14.00 N 37°10.00 E

Herat 34°20.00 N 62°12.00 E

Jerusalem 31°47.00 N 35°13.00 E

Kabul, Afghanistan 34°31.00 N 69°12.00 E

Mashhad, Iran 36°16.00 N 59°34.00 E

Nazwá22°56.00 N 57°33.00 E

Salalah 17°00.00 N 54°04.00 E

San’ a15°24.00 N 44°14.00 E

Shiraz 29°38.00 N 52°34.00 E

Tabriz 38°05.00 N 46°18.00 E

Tarim 16°08.00 N 48°58.00 E

Tehran 35°40.00 N 51°26.00 E

Africa

Abidjan 5°19.00 N 0°05.00 W

Ad Dakhla 23°43.00 N 15°57.00 W

Adis Abeba 9°03.00 N 38°42.00 E

Alger 36°50.00 N 3°00.00 E

Antananarivo 18°52.00 S 47°30.00 E

Asmera 15°20.00 N 38°58.00 E

Aswân24°05.00 N 32°56.00 E

Bamako 12°39.00 N 8°00.00 W

Oslo 59°55.00 N 10°45.00 E

Paris 48°52.00 N 2°20.00 E

Reykjavik 64°09.00 N 21°51.00 W

Scoresbysund 70°30.00 N 22°00.00 W

Stensele 65°05.00 N 17°10.00 E

Stockholm 59°20.00 N 18°03.00 E

Thule 76°35.00 N 68°30.00 W

Torshavn 62°02.00 N 6°47.00 W

Trabzon 41°00.00 N 39°43.00 E

Vardo 60°16.00 N 20°20.00 E

The Americas

Albany, NY 42°39.00 N 73°45.00 W

Alburquerque 35°05.00 N 106°39.00 W

Amarillo 35°14.00 N 101°50.00 W

Antofagasta 23°40.00 S 70°23.00 W

Arequipa 16°25.00 S 71°32.00 W

Atlanta 33°44.00 N 84°23.00 W

Baton Rouge 30°27.00 N 91°09.00 W

Belem 1°27.00 S 48°29.00 W

Billings, MT 45°47.00 N 108°30.00 W

Birmingham 33°31.00 N 86°48.00 W

Bismarck 46°48.00 N 100°47.00 W

Bogotá4°36.00 N 74°05.00 W

Boise 43°36.00 N 116°12.00 W

Boston 42°21.00 N 71°03.00 W

Brasilia 15°47.00 S 47°55.00 W

Buffalo, NY 42°52.00 N 78°55.00 W

Caracas 10°30.00 N 66°56.00 W

Casper 42°50.00 N 106°20.00 W

Cayenne 4°56.00 N 52°20.00 W

Chicago 41°51.00 N 87°39.00 W

Chihuahua 28°40.00 N 106°06.00 W

Churchill, CAN 58°45.00 N 94°00.00 W

Cleveland 41°29.00 N 81°41.00 W

Comodoro R 45°50.00 S 67°30.00 W

Coppermine 67°49.00 N 115°21.00 W

Córdoba, Veracruz 18°55.00 N 96°55.00 W

Cuiabá7°15.00 S 58°25.00 W

Dallas 32°46.00 N 96°47.00 W

Denver 39°44.00 N 104°59.00 W

Des Moines 41°36.00 N 93°36.00 W

Detroit 42°20.00 N 83°03.00 W

Duluth 46°45.00 N 92°10.00 W

Fort McPherson 67°29.00 N 134°50.00 W

Fort Providence 61°03.00 N 117°40.00 W

Georgetown, Guy. 6°48.00 N 58°10.00 W

Grand Rapids, MI 42°57.00 N 86°40.00 W

Guadalajara 20°40.00 N 103°20.00 W

Guantánamo 20°09.00 N 75°14.00 W

Guatemala 14°38.00 N 90°31.00 W

Guayaquil 2°10.00 S 79°50.00 W

Hazelton, BC 55°15.00 N 127°38.00 W

Houston 29°45.00 N 95°21.00 W

Ilhéus 14°50.00 S 39°06.00 W

Indianapolis 39°46.00 N 86°09.00 W

Iquitos 3°51.00 S 73°13.00 W

Kansas City, MO 39°02.00 N 94°33.00 W

La Habana 23°08.00 N 82°22.00 W

Labrador City 52°56.00 N 66°52.00 W

Las Vegas 36°10.00 N 115°08.00 W

Lima 12°03.00 S 77°03.00 W

Little Rock 34°44.00 N 92°17.00 W

Los Angeles 34°03.00 N 118°14.00 W

Louisville 38°15.00 N 85°45.00 W

Managua 12°06.00 N 86°18.00 W

Manaus 3°06.00 S 60°00.00 W

Merida, Venezuela 8°24.00 N 71°08.00 W

Banghazi 32°07.00 N 20°04.00 E

Bangui 4°22.00 N 18°35.00 E

Beira 19°49.00 S 34°52.00 E

Cairo 30°03.00 N 31°15.00 E

Capetown 33°55.00 S 18°22.00 E

Dakar 14°40.00 N 17°26.00 W

Fés34°05.00 N 5°00.00 W

Freetown 8°30.00 N 13°15.00 W

Harare 17°50.00 S 31°03.00 E

Kabwe 14°29.00 S 28°25.00 E

Kampala 0°19.00 N 32°25.00 E

Kano 12°00.00 N 8°31.00 E

Khartoum 15°36.00 N 32°32.00 E

Kinshasa 4°18.00 S 15°18.00 E

Kisangani 0°33.00 N 25°14.00 E

Lagos 6°27.00 N 3°24.00 E

Las Palmas de GC 28°08.00 N 15°27.00 W

Lindi 10°00.00 S 39°41.00 E

Lobito 12°20.00 S 13°34.00 E

Lomé6°08.00 N 1°13.00 E

Lubumbashi 11°41.00 S 27°29.00 E

Lüderitz 26°38.00 S 15°10.00 E

Lusambo 4°59.00 S 23°26.00 E

Maputo 25°58.00 S 32°35.00 E

Maseru 29°19.00 S 27°29.00 E

Mbale 1°04.00 N 34°12.00 E

Mogadishu 2°02.00 N 45°21.00 E

Monrovia 6°18.00 N 10°47.00 W

Mwanza, Zaire 7°51.00 S 26°43.00 E

N’ Djamena 12°10.00 N 14°59.00 E

Nairobi 1°17.00 S 36°49.00 E

Namibe 15°10.00 S 12°09.00 E

Nouakchott 18°09.00 N 15°58.00 W

Ouagadougou 12°22.00 N 1°31.00 W

Pointe Noire 4°46.00 S 11°53.00 E

Port Elizabeth 33°58.00 S 25°36.00 E

Sabha, Libya 27°02.00 N 14°26.00 E

Serowe 22°25.00 S 26°44.00 E

Sidi Ifni 29°24.00 N 10°12.00 W

Toliara 23°20.00 S 43°41.00 E

Tombouctou 16°49.00 N 2°59.00 W

Tripoli 32°54.00 N 13°11.00 E

Tsumeb 19°13.00 S 17°42.00 E

Tunis 36°48.00 N 10°11.00 E

Winhoek 22°34.00 S 17°06.00 E

Yaounde 3°52.00 N 11°31.00 E

Zanzibar 6°10.00 S 39°20.00 E

Europe

Athens 37°58.00 N 23°43.00 E

Barcelona 41°23.00 N 2°11.00 E

Bern 46°57.00 N 7°26.00 E

Bordeaux 44°50.00 N 0°34.00 W

Brno 49°13.00 N 16°40.00 E

Bucuresti 44°26.00 N 26°06.00 E

Budapest 47°30.00 N 19°05.00 E

Cork 51°54.00 N 8°28.00 W

Gdansk 54°23.00 N 18°40.00 E

Glasgow 55°53.00 N 4°15.00 W

Godthåb64°11.00 N 51°44.00 W

Hamburg 53°33.00 N 9°59.00 E

Istanbul 41°01.00 N 28°58.00 E

London 51°30.00 N 0°10.00 W

Longyearbyen 78°12.00 N 15°40.00 E

Madrid 40°24.00 N 3°41.00 W

Napoli 40°51.00 N 14°17.00 E

Nice 43°42.00 N 7°15.00 E

Nuugaatsiaq 71°30.00 N 53°00.00 W

Miami 25°46.00 N 80°11.00 W

Milwaukee 43°02.00 N 87°54.00 W

Minneapolis 44°58.00 N 93°15.00 W

Montevideo, Uru. 34°53.00 S 56°11.00 W

Nakina 59°12.00 N 132°48.00 W

Nashville, TN 36°09.00 N 86°47.00 W

New York 40°43.00 N 74°01.00 W

Norfolk, VA 36°50.00 N 76°17.00 W

Oklahoma City 35°28.00 N 97°30.00 W

Omaha 41°15.00 N 95°56.00 W

Panama City 8°58.00 N 79°32.00 W

Peace River 56°15.00 N 117°18.00 W

Peoria, IL 40°43.00 N 89°38.00 W

Phoenix 33°26.00 N 112°04.00 W

Pittsburgh 40°26.00 N 79°59.00 W

Port-au-Prince 18°32.00 N 72°20.00 W

Portland, OR 45°31.00 N 122°40.00 W

Porto Velho 8°45.00 S 63°54.00 W

Québec 46°50.00 N 71°15.00 W

Rapid City, SD 44°06.00 N 103°14.00 W

Recife 8°06.00 S 34°53.00 W

Reno 39°32.00 N 119°49.00 W

Rio de Janeiro 22°54.00 S 43°14.00 W

Salt Lake City 40°45.00 N 111°53.00 W

San Antonio 29°25.00 N 98°29.00 W

San Francisco 37°46.00 N 122°25.00 W

San Juan 18°28.00 N 66°07.00 W

Santarém2°26.00 S 54°41.00 W

São Paulo 23°32.00 S 46°37.00 W

Saskatoon 52°10.00 N 101°32.00 W

Seattle 47°36.00 N 122°19.00 W

Shreveport 32°30.00 N 93°46.00 W

Sioux Falls 43°34.00 N 96°42.00 W

Spokane 47°40.00 N 117°25.00 W

St Louis 38°37.00 N 90°11.00 W

Tampa, FL 27°58.00 N 82°38.00 W

Tijuana 32°32.00 N 117°01.00 W

Toronto 43°39.00 N 79°23.00 W

Valparaiso, Brazil 21°16.00 S 50°54.00 W

Vancouver 49°16.00 N 123°07.00 W

Veracruz 19°12.00 N 96°08.00 W

Washington 38°53.00 N 77°02.00 W

Whitehorse 60°43.00 N 135°03.00 W

Wichita 37°43.00 N 97°20.00 W

Winnipeg 49°53.00 N 97°09.00 W

Pacific Ocean

American Samoa 14°20.00 S 170°00.00 W

Baker I. 0°12.00 N 176°28.00 W

Easter I. 27°05.00 S 109°20.00 W

Gambier I. 23°10.00 S 135°00.00 W

Honolulu 21°18.00 N 157°51.00 W

Howland I. 0°48.00 N 176°38.00 W

Jarvis I. 0°02.00 S 160°02.00 W

Kanton I. 2°50.00 S 171°40.00 W

Lihue 21°59.00 N 159°23.00 W

Palmyra I. 5°52.00 N 162°05.00 W

Pitcairn I. 25°04.00 S 130°06.00 W

Swains I. 59°30.00 S 100°00 W

Abbreviations and Data Terms

EXPLANATION OF DATA TERMS

BRG. Bearing is the direction, as measured in de-

grees from north in a clockwise direction. The re-

ceiver uses either true north or magnetic north, as

selected in the Setup Menu. The illustration shows

a simple compass rose with the eight cardinal direc-

tions noted with their bearing.

COG. Course over ground is the direction of movement expressed as bearing.

If a boat is pointing exactly north (0°) and there are no other factors affecting

its travel, the COG would be 0° but that is rarely the case. Water currents and

wind can affect the course the boat is taking.

If there is a current passing from left to right across the boat (90°) the COG

would change even though the bow of the boat is still pointing north. COG is

measured in degrees with North being 0°.

CTS. The optimum direction the vessel should be steered in order to effi-

ciently make headway back to the courseline while also proceeding toward

the destination waypoint. It is a "compromise" course bearng that projects

from your current position to a point on the courseline mid-way between a

point perpendicular to your position and the current leg destination waypoint.

DST. Distance to go to an active waypoint, or the distance between two

waypoints in a route leg.

ETA. Estimated time to arrival.

SOA. Understanding speed of advance is a little tricky but once you do it

becomes fairly simple. For this example we will use an exaggerated sample so

as to clearly describe SOA.

The boat is heading towards the buoy

and is currently at point A. If the boat

had followed its original course (A1 –

buoy), it would be somewhere on the

line A1 — B1. (The XTE for this sample

is the distance between points A and

A1.) In 1 hour he is at point B and

has travelled 34 NM (equivalent to a

speed of 34 knots).

Now if you project downwards to the course he should be on, you arrive at

point B1.

0°

90°

270°

180°

315°NE

45°

225°SE

135°

Comparing the lines from points A and B and from points A1 and B1 you see

that while the boat travelled 34 NM it only moved 30 NM along the courseline.

If he moves 30 NM on the courseline in 1 hour, his SOA is 30 knots, whereas

SOG would be 34 knots.

SOG. Speed over ground is the speed at which the vehicle/vessel is moving in

respect to the earth. SOG is sometimes referred to as ground speed and is

measured in knots, miles per hour, and kilometers per hour. (This is not the

same as speed through water.)

STR. The difference between COG and BRG. If BRG is180° and COG is 183°,

then STR is 3° Left.

TTG. Time to go to the active waypoint.

VMG. Velocity made good is the portion of the velocity that is in the direction

of the destination. In the above example, the boat is travelling directly to-

wards the buoy even though not on the courseline originally set. In this case,

all of this velocity is being applied towards arriving at the destination, (i.e.,

VMG = SOG). Should the boat veer away from this course and travel in a line

parallel to the original courseline (A1;B1) he would be travelling on a course

that would not intercept the buoy waypoint. As the boat moved along, less

and less of his velocity would be applied toward arriving at the buoy. By the

time point D is reached, none of the velocity is applied to getting closer to the

buoy and the VMG would be 0. As he moves to point E, he is moving away

from the buoy and his VMG is a negative value.

Courseline

BCDE

XTE. XTE (cross track error) is the distance to the left or right of the courseline

that you are travelling. As you will see in the discussion of other data items,

XTE is important in computing them accurately.

Keeping XTE at a minimum will help

maintain the most direct route to your

destination. This illustration shows a

boat and the courseline. The arrows

between the boat and the courseline

is the distance of XTE that this boat is

to the left of the courseline. This boater

would need to steer right to close the

XTE.

Specifications

Size 6.125” x 3.5” x 1.25”, not including antenna

(15.6 cm x 8.9 cm x 3.2 cm)

Weight 14 ounces (0.397 kg), with batteries installed

Temperature:

Operating 14˚F to 140˚F (-10˚C to 60˚C)

Storage -40˚F to 167˚F (-40˚C to 75˚C)

Case waterproof (non-submersible)

Antenna detachable quadrifilar

Operating Characteristics

Accuracy:

Position 12 meters RMS in 3D operation without SA

Velocity 0.5 meters/second RMS

Speed limit up to 951 MPH (1,530 kilometers per hour)

Elevation limit upper limit 57,414 feet (17,500 meters)

lower limit -328 feet (-100 meters)

Time to First Fix:

Cold start* 3 minutes or less

Warm start* 1 minute

After memory loss 15 minutes or more

* Warm start: the receiver has obtained a position fix within the last

2 hours. Cold start: the receiver has been idle for 2 hours or longer.

Storage capacity up to 200 waypoints, up to five 15-leg routes

Update rate every second

Coordinate Systems

Positions are locations that are described in a unique way so that one

locations cannot be confused with another. This is done by using a

coordinate system to describe locations. Your Magellan receiver has the

ability to use any one of four different coordinates systems; LAT/LON

(latitude and longitude), TD (Time Difference of Arrival), UTM (Universal

Transverse Mercator), and OSGB. The one you select (in SETUP) will be

determined by the maps and charts you use; you would generally want

the receiver to display position coordinates in the same system that is

used by your maps.

LAT/LON Coordinate System. LAT/LON is the most commonly used

coordinate system today. It projects lines of latitude (parallels) and lines of

longitude (meridians) onto the

earth’s surface. Lines of latitude

are the equator and the

horizontal lines that are parallel

to it. Lines of longitude are the

vertical lines that are

perpendicular to the equator

and pass through the poles. A

position is described as being

the intersection of a line of

latitude and a line of longitude.

Specifically, a position is so many

degrees north or south of the

equator (up to the poles, which

are 90˚N and 90˚S; the equator

is 0˚ latitude), and so many degrees east or west of the Prime Meridian,

which is 0˚ longitude. (The Prime Meridian passes through Greenwich,

England.) Parts of a degree are minutes; there are 60 minutes (written as

60') to a degree. Minutes can also be divided into smaller units. Fractions

of a minute can be expressed as decimals or as seconds. (There are 60

seconds to one minute, written as 60"). So a Lat/Lon position coordinate

can be expressed in two ways, which your Magellan GPS receiver displays

as 25°47.50 or 25°47’30.

UTM Coordinate System. Another commonly used coordinate system

is UTM (Universal Transverse Mercator), which is generally found on land-

based maps and quad sheets that are produced by government map

providers. On land, you may find that UTM coordinates are easier to use

than Lat/Lon.

tud

115°00.00W

42°30.00N

UTM coordinates are easy to use, but since the model it is based on is

somewhat abstract, this section is a very simplified introduction to UTM.

Instead of projecting an imaginary grid of intersecting lines onto the globe,

UTM projects sections of the globe onto a flat surface. Each of these

sections is called a “zone.” There are 60 zones to cover the entire earth

between 84˚N and 80˚S (polar areas are not described by UTM). Each

zone is 6˚ wide as projected from the earth’s center.

A UTM position is described by three elements; the zone it is in, the easting,

and the northing. Eastings and northings measure how far into a zone a

position is in meters. Eastings are an east/west measurement, and

correspond roughly to longitude. Northings are a north/south

measurement, and correspond to latitude.

This chart shows the position of Magellan Systems described in both Lat/

Lon and UTM coordinates.

LAT/LON UTM

DEG/MIN DEG/MIN/SEC

34˚06.58N 34˚06’35"N 11 4 23 818 E

117˚49.56W 117˚49’34"W 37 74 624 N

1511 12 13 14

3000 Km

3000 Mi.

Scale at the Equator.

12345

180°150°

120°90°

60°

30°

0°

30°

60°

90°

120°

150°

180°

0°

NOTE: The area described by the UTM coordinate system extends to 84°N and to 80°S.

6789 16171819 21222324 26272829 31323334 36373839 41424344 46474849 51525354 56575859

TD Coordinate System. TDs are indicated on many nautical charts in

addition to the LAT/LON marks. They are established lines of position

(LOPs) that are determined by the difference in the length of time required

to receive Loran-C signals. Many coastal navigators use TDs because Loran

is a familiar radio aid navigation and TDs are clearly marked on their charts.

The Meridian XL can display position coordinates in TDs by converting

from position fixes calculated in Lat/Lon. (No measurements are made

using the Loran signals.)

To use TDs, the Loran receiver is set to a specific chain of stations; each

Loran chain consists of one master station (designated as M) and two or

more secondary stations (W, X, Y, and Z). Next, the navigator determines

which two secondary stations will provide the most accurate position fix

based on the angle of intersection of the LOPs. The TD measurement is

the difference between the time it takes a signal to arrive from the master

station and the time it takes to arrive from a secondary station to your

location. This is referred to as a TD. Two TDs are required for a position

fix.

The Meridian XL displays position coordinates in TDs by converting the

LAT/LON coordinates to TDs, mathematically, using the GRI (chain number)

and secondary beacons you entered when selecting the TD coordinate

system.

When TD is selected in Setup under COORD SYS you will be asked to

select the following

1) The GRI (also called the chain) that you will be navigating in.

2) The two secondary stations that will provide you with the best

angle of LOP intersections. If you have used Loran in the past, you

should simply enter the values that you have used before.

Other Coordinate Systems. OSGB coordinates are similar to UTMs, but

they describe only Great Britain. They must be used with the GBR36 datum,

which also describes Great Britain. This coordinate system cannot be used

in any other part of the world. The Meridian XL automatically selects the

GBR36 datum when the OSGB coordinate system is selected in Setup.

(While OSGB coordinates must be used with the GBR36 datum, the GBR36

datum can be used with LAT/LON coordinates; just be sure the map you

are using uses both LAT/LON and GBR36.)

If you select OSGB in the COORD. SYS. portion of the Setup

Menu be sure to change the map datum back to the one you

will be using (WGS84 is the default) when changing to another

coordinate system.

Irish Grid uses the Ireland datum, Swedish Grid uses the RT90 datum,

Swiss Grid uses the Swiss datum and Finnish Grid uses KKJ datum.

General Maintenance

Meridian XL

The Meridian XL is powered by three AA batteries. It can also be powered

from an external DC power source by using the optional Power/Data Cable.

Batteries

We suggest using AA alkaline batteries to power the receiver. (Magellan

Systems recommends Eveready Energizer™ batteries.) Alkaline batteries

will power the receiver for 6 hours or more of continuous operation.

To install the batteries, hold the receiver as

shown in the illustration at the right. At

the same time, press down slightly on the

battery compartment cover and pull the

cover toward you. Insert batteries as

indicated in the compartment and replace

the cover.

When the battery power level drops, a warning message will appear on

all displays (LOW BATT). The receiver should still have sufficient power to

operate for up to 30 minutes if alkaline batteries are being used.

When the batteries no longer hold enough power to operate the receiver,

the receiver turns itself off. The batteries will still be able to maintain the

memory for a time, but the receiver can be operated only if external

power is supplied or if fresh batteries are installed.

Batteries are not recharged in the receiver. The low battery

warning appears approximately 10 minutes before the receiver

automatically powers down to preserve memory. When batteries

are changed, you have 15 to 20 minutes to install fresh batteries

without losing memory.

It is possible to use rechargeable batteries, but there are a couple of things

you should be aware of when using them. Commercially available NiCad

batteries typically have poor power performance after repeated use, and

rechargeable alkaline batteries maintain only 50% of the useful life of

standard alkaline batteries. Rechargeables also have a very sudden power

drop at the end of their charge. The drop may be so sudden that the

battery warning is not displayed, although memory can be maintained

for a while.

External Power

The Meridian XL can also be operated from an external DC power source.

This requires the Power/Data Cable that is included with the optional

mounting kit. (Even when operating from external power, the receiver

must have batteries; the batteries will be used to maintain memory when

the receiver is off.)

The cable converts DC power to a level usable by the receiver. It also can

be used to output positioning data to electronic navigation equipment

that conforms to NMEA standards, and to import broadcast differential

corrections from a differential beacon receiver.

The use of a non-Magellan cable or an altered Magellan cable

may damage the receiver and will void the warranty.

Antenna

The receiver has an attached quadrifilar antenna, which rotates 360˚. Using

the extension cable and suction cup provided with the optional Mounting

Kit, the antenna can also be detached from the receiver and temporarily

mounted to any convenient surface. (The antenna is detached by rotating

it until its base is parallel with the display, then pulling it away from the

receiver.) Since it can be used detached from the receiver, the antenna

can be placed wherever it has the clearest view of the sky.

In order to provide the best signal reception possible, the antenna must

be vertical. If attached to the receiver, rotate the antenna from its storage

position to the upright position. If detached from the receiver, the antenna

should be mounted as vertically as possible with the connecting cable at

the bottom.

GPS signals will pass through glass and canvas (such as bimini tops)

however, you may experience some signal loss in areas of heavy foliage.

(Do not stand under a tree in full leaf when attempting to take a fix.)

Signals will not go through metal, and you are unlikely to obtain signals

in a permanent structure.

Signals can be temporarily blocked by trees, masts, and people. If you are

unable to obtain satellite signals when out of doors, try moving slightly to

get a better view of the sky. If the receiver is being operated in a covered

location (such as a navigation station), you may want to use the optional

External Antenna Kit. (Use only a Magellan antenna; the use of a non-

Magellan antenna may greatly degrade the performance of the receiver.)

Power/Data Cable Instruction Sheet

22-60067-001

(–)

(–) (+)

(+)

DC POWER SOURCE

(10 – 35 VDC)

Magellan Cigarette

Lighter Adapter connected to

10 – 35 VDC power source

[Black with white strip wire is

positive]

Black

Red

Black

Orange

Yellow

White

Power (+)

Power (–) NMEA (-)/DBR (-)

NMEA (+)

DBR + (Optional)

External Alarm, (optional on

some models)

Power/Data

Cable

SYSTEMS CORPORATION

960 Overland Court

San Dimas, California 91773

(909) 394-5000

Warning - Attach the power/data cable to the port of the black Trailblazer XL, Part

No.00-62006-003 and the Black Meridian XL, Part No. 00-12004-000 ONLY.

Power/Data Cable Instruction Sheet

The Global Positioning System

What Is GPS?

GPS is a constellation of navigation satellites that orbit the earth. The precise time

and position information transmitted by these satellites is used by a GPS receiver

to triangulate a position fix.

The system is now officially declared “initial operational,” and provides continuous,

24-hour 3D (position plus elevation) coverage anywhere on the earth.

GPS was developed by the United States Department of Defense to provide

consistent, reliable navigation information that is unaffected by rough terrain and

bad weather, and is highly resistant to multipath errors and interference. The DoD

continues to administer and control the Global Positioning System.

Although GPS was developed as a military navigation system, its civilian and

commercial uses were recognized. The satellites therefore transmit two codes, a

military-only encrypted code (PPS) and a civilian-access, Standard Positioning Service

(SPS) code. All commercial and consumer GPS receivers are SPS receivers.

How Does GPS Work?

Each GPS satellite transmits its precise location (position and elevation) and the

start time of the transmission. A GPS receiver acquires the signal, then measures

the interval between transmission and receipt of the signal to determine the

distance between the receiver and the satellite: this is ranging. Once the receiver

has computed range for at least three satellites, its location on the surface of the

earth can be determined.

Each satellite transmits two types of data,

almanac and ephemeris. Almanac data is

general information on the location and

health of each satellite in the constellation.

Since it contains general information, an

almanac can be collected from any satellite.

A receiver with a current almanac in its

memory knows where in the sky to look for

satellites, given its last known position and

the time of day. Ephemeris data is the precise

satellite positioning information that is used

for ranging. Each satellite transmits its own

ephemeris data.

Both almanac and ephemeris data are required for a GPS receiver to locate and

acquire satellites quickly and compute a position fix.

gitud

115°00.00W

42°30.00N

Accuracy

GPS positioning with an SPS receiver that is intended for general use will produce

accuracies of 25 meters or better.

In fact, SPS receivers have proven to be far more accurate than anyone anticipated.

DoD has decided that 25-meter accuracy is a potential risk, and has introduced

Selective Availability (SA) to maintain a military advantage. SA is a random error

that is introduced to the SPS code ephemeris data and reduces the accuracy of

any SPS receiver. The size of the error changes, but rarely exceeds 100 meters.

The DoD civil GPS user policy is that GPS accuracy as affected by SA is sufficient

for general navigation. In an open environment, it usually is. Even with SA, a GPS

receiver will bring you within visual range of a destination or target, and GPS

remains the best available source of accurate, repeatable navigation and positioning

information.

If you feel that you really need 25-meter accuracy, the effects of SA can be overcome

with a technique called broadcast differential to produce highly accurate position

fixes.

DGPS

Differential GPS (DGPS) computes the size of the error and applies it to positioning

information. There are several ways to perform DGPS, one of which is broadcast

differential. Broadcast differential uses GPS receivers at control sites to measure

the range errors for all visible satellites and determines a correction for each satellite.

These corrections are broadcast in the RTCM SC-104 format by a radio beacon at

the control site to any differential beacon receiver that is within range of the

signal.

The differential beacon receiver receives and demodulates the signal, then relays

it to the user’s differential-ready GPS receiver. The user’s GPS receiver applies the

corrections to the positioning information it collects to compute differentially

corrected position and navigation data.

This technique requires that your GPS receiver be connected to a compatible

differential beacon receiver (such as the Magellan DBR™, which is compatible

will all differential-ready Magellan receivers). You must also be within range of a

differential radio beacon.

More Information on GPS

There are many sources for more information on GPS and navigation.

The sources listed here are just a few of the books, magazines, and Internet

addresses that deal with GPS. Your local library is a good source for

technical books on GPS and navigation.

GPS Information Center

The GPS Information Center provides general information on the Global

Positioning System and satellite status. This center is operated by U.S.

Coast Guard for the Department of Transportation, and was established

to provide information and to serve as a point of contact for civilian

GPS users.

•Voice telephone recording for constellation status: (703) 313-5907

•Computer bulletin board: (703) 313-5910 (up to 14,400 bps)

(8 data bits, 1 stop bit, no parity)

•24 hour operator: (703) 313-5900; fax: (703) 313-5920

A Comprehensive Guide to Land Navigation with GPS

An excellent book written by Noel J. Hotchkiss and published by Alexis

Publishing. ISBN No: 0-9641273-2-6. This book uses the Magellan

Trailblazer to discuss and describe land navigation with a GPS receiver.

The book is very easy to read and gets into detail the art of navigating

with GPS. (Available from Navtech Seminars.)

Newsgroups (Internet)

Several USENET newsgroups have occasional postings related to GPS.

Some of the more popular newgroups for GPS are:

• sci.geo.satellite-nav

• rec.aviation.products

• rec.boats

• sci.space

• sci.space.news

GPS World Magazine

Monthly magazine covering a wide variety of uses for GPS receivers.

Advanstar Communications

859 Willamette Street

Eugene, Oregon 97401

U.S.A.

Phone: (503) 343-1200

Subscriptions: 1-800-346-0085 x363

Other Books of Note:

Hofmann-Wellenhof, B., H. Lichtenegger, and J. Collins (1994). Global

Positioning System, Theory and Practice. 3rd Edition. Springer-Verlag,

326 pp.

Institute of Navigation, The (1980). Global Positioning System. Vol. I.

The Institute of Navigation (U.S.), 246 pp.

Institute of Navigation, The (1984). Global Positioning System. Vol. II.

The Institute of Navigation (U.S.), 257 pp.

Institute of Navigation, The (1986). Global Positioning System. Vol. III.

The Institute of Navigation (U.S.), 293 pp.

Institute of Navigation, The (1986). Global Positioning System. Vol. IV.

The Institute of Navigation (U.S.), 378 pp.

Logsdon, T. (1992). Navstar Global Positioning System. Van Nostrand

Reinhold, New York, 249 pp.

These books and others not mentioned can be purchased from Navtech

Book and Software Store (a division of Navtech Seminars, Inc.). They

can be reached at:

2775 S. Quincy St. #610

Arlington, VA 22206-2204

U.S.A.

Phone: (800) 628-0885

(703) 931-0500

Fax: (703) 931-0503

Glossary

Active Leg The segment of a route currently being travelled.

Azimuth The angular measurement from the horizon to a satellite

or other object.

Backtrack Retraces the position fixes (up to 21) stored automatically

by the receiver every 10 minutes.

Bearing The compass direction from your position to a destination,

measured to the nearest degree.

Coordinates A unique numeric or alphanumeric description of position.

Course The direction in degrees from the start waypoint of a

course line to its destination.

CTS The optimum direction the vessel should be steered in order

to efficiently make headway back to the courseline while

also proceeding toward the destination waypoint. It is a “com-

promise” course bearing that projects from your current

position to a point on the courseline mid-way between a

point perpendicular to your position and the current leg des-

tination waypoint.

Datum Refers to the theoretical mathematical model of the earth’s

sea level surface. Map makers may use a different model

to chart their maps from so positions will differ from one

datum to another. The datum for the map you are using

can be found in the legend of the map.

Elevation Distance above or below mean sea level.

EPE Estimated Position Error is the approximate error (between

0 and X) introduced in the ephemeris signal by the U.S.

Department of Defense for reasons of security. This

random error, known as Selective Availability (SA) is not

due to receiver error and is not significant enough to affect

navigation for most purposes (See DGPS in appendix).

ETA Estimated Time to Arrival is the approximate time it will take

to reach the destination from the current position based on

VMG.

Geometric Measures the probable accuracy of a position fix, based on

Quality the position of the satellites relative to each other.

GOTO A single leg route with the present position being the start

of the route and a defined waypoint as the destination. (If

the unit has been moved while turned off and has not yet

acquired a new position fix, the start of the GOTO will be

the position fix last recorded.)

Heading The direction in which the receiver is moving, track or

ground course, (due to wind, current, and so forth), and

may also be different from the course.

LAT/LON Coordinate system using latitude and longitude coordi-

nates to define a position on the earth.

Latitude The angular distance north or south of the equator

measured by lines encircling the earth parallel to the

equator in degrees from 0° to 90°.

Last Fix Position coordinates computed and stored automatically

every 10 minutes in the Last Fix Buffer.

Last Fix Buffer The list of the most recent last fixes automatically stored by

the receiver. (Up to 21 may be stored at one time.)

Leg (Route) A segment of a route that has a starting (FROM) waypoint

and a destination (TO) waypoint. A route may consist of 1

or more legs. For a route that is from waypoint A to

waypoint B, waypoint B to waypoint C, and waypoint

point C to waypoint D has three legs with the first leg

being from waypoint A to waypoint B.

Longitude The angular distance east or west of the prime meridian

(Greenwich meridian) as measured by lines perpendicular

to the parallels and converging at the poles from 0° to

180°.

Magnetic The direction toward the north magnetic pole from the

North observer’s position.

OSGB A coordinate system describing only Great Britain, similar

to UTMs. Generally used with GBR36 datum, which also

describes only Great Britain. This coordinate system cannot

be used in any other part of the world. The Meridian XL

automatically selects the GBR36 datum when the OSGB

coordinate system is selected in Setup. (While OSGB

coordinates must be used with the GBR36 datum, the

GBR36 datum can be used with LAT/LON coordinates; just

be sure the map you are using uses both LAT/LON and

GBR36.)

Position Fix Position coordinates as computed by the receiver.

Reverse Route Duplicates an existing route but in reverse order.

Route A planned course of travel that is defined by a sequence of

waypoints. When active, the route is used in the calcula-

tion of all navigation data except position, speed over

ground and track/course over ground.

Start and Destination Waypoint (FROM/TO) Waypoints that mark the

beginning and ending of a leg of a route.

TDs Coordinate system using lines of position determined by

the Loran-C signals. Many coastal navigators use TDs

because Loran is a familiar radio aid navigation and TDs

are clearly marked on their charts. Your Magellan receiver

can display position coordinates in TDs by converting from

LAT/LON.

Time To Go The estimated time for the receiver to reach the destina-

tion from its current position based on the current VMG.

True North The direction to the geographical North Pole from an

observer’s position. The north direction on any geographi-

cal meridian.

Track The actual path travelled, which may differ from the

planned course.

Track History The track over a selected length of time.

UT Universal Time, formerly referred to as Greenwich Mean

Time (GMT).

UTM Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) metric grid system

used on most large and intermediate scale land topo-

graphic charts and maps.

VMG Velocity Made Good. The component of the velocity that

is in the direction of the destination.

Waypoint A location saved in the unit’s memory which is obtained by

entering data, editing data, calculating data or saving a

current position. Used to create routes.

Abbreviations 66

Accessories, optional 56

Accuracy 4, 78

Active Leg (navigating on) 38

Alarms 49

Antenna location 9, 73

Backtrack, creating 40

Batteries 72

Installing 72

Low Battery warning 53

Baud rate 46

CDI 24

City reference chart 63

Clear menu

Deleting a route 39

Deleting last fixes 51

Delete track 23

Delete waypoints 52

Clearing entire memory 52

Clock 49

Contrast 48

Conventions used in this manual 2

Coord Route 40

Coord System 43, 69

Customer service 55

Customizing the

navigation screens 19

Data terms, explanation 66

Datums 45, 57

DGPS 76

Dist Units 45

Elev Mode 43

Elev Units 45

External power 73, 74

General Maintenance 72

Global positioning system 77

Glossary 79

GOTO 14, 23, 31

Menu 31

MOB 39

Backtrack 40

Route (see Routes) 31

Coord 40

Icons,

waypoint 25

Initial Position Fix 10

Inititializing 5, 42

Inputting Data 16

Installing Batteries 72

Last Fixes 41

Trip summary 41

Lfix Interval 46

Legs

Adding 37

Inserting 35

Leg edit menu 35

Viewing 35

Deleting 36

Replacing 38

Navigating 38

Light Intensity 48

light ON/OFF 16

Map Datum 45, 57

MOB 39

More information 77

NAV 1 18, 20

NAV 2 18, 20

NMEA 45, 55, 58

Index

North Ref 45

ODOMETER 49

ON/OFF 15

OSGB 71

Packing list 1

PAN N SCAN 22

PLOT SETUP 46

Plot Scale 22

PLOT Screen 21

POINTER Screen 21

Position Fix

Initial 10

Saving as a Waypoint 11, 24

Position screen 17

POWER 4

Projecting waypoints 28

ROAD Screen 24

Routes 13

Activating/deactivating 34

Reversing 34

Clearing a route 39

Editing a route 35

Accessing route menu 32

Creating a multileg route 32

Viewing legs of a route 35

Inserting a leg 35

Deleting a leg 36

Replacing a leg 38

Navigating a leg 38

Sampling 47

Sat Status 48, 53

Setup Options 42

Simulator 51

Specifications 68

Speed Units 44

Status Line Icons 53

Sun/Moon screen 50

TDs 71

Time Format 44

Troubleshooting 54

UTM 69

Velocity Avg 44

Waypoints

Creating 26

Accessing the waypoint menu 26

Accessing the waypoint function

menu 28

Deleting 30

Editing 29

Projecting 28

Viewing 27

Sort 46

Serial No. Date Purchased

Place of Purchase

22-10242-000

SYSTEMS CORPORATION

960 Overland Court, San Dimas, CA 91773

(909) 394-5000

GMC XL 01082803EN To The Manual 645cf67c Ae03 4b96 Ac9e 66ea2f692eb0

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