Garmin 400W 500W Series Users Manual

GTX 330D to the manual 87ea74e3-9a09-4b9c-a2cc-d0200b8f629b

: Garmin Garmin-400W-500W-Series-Users-Manual-216939 garmin-400w-500w-series-users-manual-216939 garmin pdf

Open the PDF directly: View PDF .
Page Count: 50

400W / 500W Series

Garmin Optional Displays

Pilot’s Guide Addendum For:

• GDL 69/69A XM Satellite Datalink

• GTX 330/330D TIS

• Garmin TAWS (GPS 500W & GNS 530W)

Foreward

This Pilot’s Guide Addendum is written for:

 •Garmin GPS 400W, GNC 420W/420AW, and GNS 430W/430AW Main System Software Version 2.00, 3.00, 3.30, or later

 •GarminGPS500W&GNS530W/530AWMainSystemSoftwareVersion 2.00, 3.00, 3.30, or later

 •GTX330/330DMainSoftwareVersion4.05

 •GDL69/69AMainSoftwareVersion3.02orlater

Some differences in operation may be observed when comparing the information in this manual to earlier or later software versions.

©2009GarminLtd.oritssubsidiaries.AllRightsReserved.

GarminInternational,Inc.,1200East151stStreet,Olathe,KS66062,U.S.A.

Tel.913/397.8200or800/800.1020 Fax913/397.8282

GarminAT,Inc.,2345TurnerRd.,S.E.,Salem,Oregon97302,U.S.A.

Tel:503/581.8101   Fax:503/364.2138

Garmin(Europe)Ltd.,LibertyHouse,BullsCopseRoad,HounsdownBusinessPark,Southhampton,SO409RB,U.K.

Tel.+44(0)8708501243  Fax+44(0)2380524004

GarminCorporation,No.68,Jangshu2ndRoad,Shijr,TaipeiCounty,Taiwan

Tel.886/2.2642.9199  Fax886/2.2642.9099

Exceptasexpresslyprovidedherein,nopartofthisaddendummaybereproduced,copied,transmitted,disseminated,downloaded,

orstoredinanystoragemedium,foranypurposewithouttheexpresspriorwrittenconsentofGarmin.Garminherebygrantspermis-

sion to download a single copy of this manual and of any revision to this manual onto a hard drive or other electronic storage medium

to be viewed and to print one copy of this manual or of any revision hereto, provided that such electronic or printed copy of this manual

orrevisionmustcontainthecompletetextofthiscopyrightnoticeandprovidedfurtherthatanyunauthorizedcommercialdistribution

ofthismanualoranyrevisionheretoisstrictlyprohibited.Informationinthisdocumentissubjecttochangewithoutnotice.Garmin

reservestherighttochangeorimproveitsproductsandtomakechangesinthecontentwithoutobligationtonotifyanypersonororga-

nizationofsuchchangesorimprovements.

Garmin® is a registered trademark, and GTX™ and GDL™ are trademarks of Garmin Ltd. or its subsidiaries and may

not be used without the express permission of Garmin Ltd. or its subsidiaries.

July2009190-00356-30RevisionF

190-00356-30 Rev F

The screen display examples shown in this

addendum are taken from the GNS 430W

and GNS 530W. TIS and Weather Data Link

Display Interface functionality is the same

for the 400W and 500W Series Units. TIS

Traffic Display and Weather Data Link are

available only when the 400W/500W units

are configured with the GTX 330 Mode S

Transponder and GDL 69/69A Data Link

Transceiver, respectively.

i

Introduction

Warnings and Cautions

WARNING: Terrain data are obtained from third party sources. Garmin is not able to independently verify the accuracy of this

data which should be used only as an aid for situational awareness. Terrain data must not be used as the sole basis for deci-

sions or maneuvers to avoid terrain or obstacles. Terrain data must not be used for navigation.

CAUTION: Use the 400W/500W Series Units at your own risk. To reduce the risk of unsafe operation, carefully review and

understand all aspects of the Owner’s Manual and the Flight Manual Supplement, and thoroughly practice basic operation

prior to actual use.

CAUTION: The Global Positioning System is operated by the United States government, which is solely responsible for its

accuracy and maintenance. The system is subject to changes which could affect the accuracy and performance of all GPS

equipment. Although Garmin 400W/500W Series Units are precision electronic NAVigation AIDS (NAVAID), any NAVAID can be

misused or misinterpreted and therefore become unsafe.

CAUTION: Use the Weather Data Link Interface, TIS, TAWS, and TERRAIN at your own risk. To reduce the risk of unsafe opera-

tion, thoroughly practice basic operation prior to actual use. When in actual use, carefully compare indications from the

Garmin unit to all available navigation sources, including the information from other NAVAIDS, visual sightings, charts, etc.

For safety, always resolve any discrepancies before continuing navigation. The GPS altitude format calculated by the Garmin

400W/500W Series units is geometric height above mean sea level and could vary significantly from altitude displayed by pres-

sure altimeters in aircraft. Never use GPS altitude to determine aircraft altitude.

CAUTION: The Jeppesen database incorporated in the Garmin 400W/500W Series Units must be updated regularly in order to

ensure that its information is current. Updates are released every 28 days. A database information packet is included in your

Garmin 400W/500W Series Unit package. Pilots using an out-of-date database do so entirely at their own risk.

CAUTION: The Weather Data Link, TIS, TAWS, and TERRAIN information contained in this Pilot’s Guide Addendum is not

intended to replace the documentation that is supplied with the applicable Garmin 400W/500W Series Unit and the GTX 330

Transponder. The user must know how to operate the 400W/500W Series Unit and be knowledgeable of the information in the

400W/500W Pilot’s Guide.

TIS CAUTION: TIS is NOT intended to be used as a collision avoidance system and does not relieve pilot responsibility to “see

and avoid” other aircraft. TIS should not be used for avoidance maneuvers during IMC or other times when there is no visual

contact with the intruder aircraft. TIS is intended only to assist in visual acquisition of other aircraft in VMC. Avoidance maneu-

vers are not recommended, nor authorized, as a direct result of a TIS intruder display or TIS alert.

While TIS is a useful aid to visual traffic avoidance, it has some system limitations that must be fully understood to ensure

proper use. Many of these limitations are inherent in secondary radar surveillance. In other words, the information provided by

TIS will be no better than that provided to ATC.

CAUTION: Garmin would like to remind pilots flying with GDL 69/69A-equipped aircraft that TFRs are only advisory and

are not a replacement for a thorough preflight briefing on TFR times and locations. Always confirm TFR data through official

sources and contact your Flight Service Station for interpretation of TFR data.

190-00356-30 Rev F

ii

Introduction

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Part One: Traffic Information Service (TIS) Interface 1

Section 1: TIS Operation and Symbology ....................1

TIS Operation ............................................................................1

How TIS differs from TCAS .........................................................2

TIS Limitations ..........................................................................2

Improving TIS ............................................................................3

TIS Symbology ..........................................................................3

Section 2: Control and Display .....................................5

TIS Traffic Display Status and Pilot Response ..............................5

Traffic Page ...............................................................................6

Traffic Page Display Range ........................................................6

Map Page .................................................................................7

Configuring TIS Traffic Data on the Map Page .......................7

Highlighting TIS Traffic Using Map Page Panning ........................8

Section 3: TIS Operational Procedures ........................9

Introduction ..............................................................................9

Power-Up Test ...........................................................................9

Manual Override .....................................................................10

Flight Procedures ....................................................................10

After Landing ..........................................................................10

Part Two: XM Radio .....................................................11

Section 1: Introduction ...............................................11

Overview ................................................................................11

XM Radio Pages .....................................................................11

XM NAV Pages ..................................................................11

XM WPT Pages ..................................................................12

XM AUX Pages ..................................................................12

Section 2: XM Weather ................................................12

Weather Product Age ..............................................................13

XM NEXRAD Weather .............................................................13

NEXRAD Intensity ..............................................................14

NEXRAD Abnormalities ......................................................15

NEXRAD U.S. and Canadian Coverage ...............................15

NEXRAD Limitations ..........................................................16

XM Weather METARs ..............................................................16

Textual METAR Page ..........................................................17

Textual METAR/TAF Code ..................................................19

TAF Page ...........................................................................19

TFR Information.................................................................19

Lightning (LTNG) .....................................................................20

Cell Movement (CELL MOVE) ..................................................21

Winds Aloft .............................................................................22

Winds Aloft Altitude ..........................................................23

Section 3: XM AUX Pages .............................................23

XM Information Page .............................................................23

XM WX Timestamps ................................................................24

Section 4: XM Audio .....................................................25

XM Audio Menu .....................................................................27

Add to Presets List ..................................................................27

Enter Channel Number ............................................................28

Display Channel In List ............................................................28

Display Artist In List ................................................................29

Display Title In List ..................................................................29

Enable/Mute Audio Output ......................................................30

Change Volume ......................................................................30

Part Three: TAWS Interface .........................................31

Section 1: Introduction ...............................................31

Overview ................................................................................31

Operating Criteria ...................................................................31

Limitations ..............................................................................31

Section 2: TAWS Operation .........................................32

TAWS Alerting.........................................................................32

Baro-Corrected Altitude ..........................................................32

Power Up ...............................................................................32

TAWS Page .............................................................................32

Inhibit Mode ...........................................................................33

External TAWS Inhibit Control ............................................34

TAWS Manual Test ..................................................................34

TAWS Symbols ........................................................................35

General Database Information .................................................36

Database Versions ...................................................................36

Database Updates ..................................................................37

Terrain/Obstacle Database Areas of Coverage ..........................37

Section 3: TAWS Alerts ................................................38

Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance .........................................38

Premature Descent Alerting (PDA) ...........................................39

Excessive Descent Rate Alert (EDR) ..........................................40

Negative Climb Rate After Takeoff Alert (NCR) .........................41

“Five-Hundred” Aural Alert .....................................................42

TAWS Not Available Alert ........................................................42

TAWS Failure Alert ..................................................................42

TAWS Alert Summary ..............................................................42

Pilot Actions ...........................................................................44

190-00356-30 Rev F

1

Part One: Section 1

Part One:

Traffic Information Service

(TIS) Interface

Section 1: TIS Operation and

Symbology

TIS Operation

NOTE: Part One of this Addendum assumes the user

has experience operating the 400W/500W Series units

and the Garmin GTX 330 Transponder.

The Traffic Information Service (TIS) provides

a graphic display of traffic advisory information in

thecockpitfornon-TCAS(TrafcalertandCollision

Avoidance System) equipped aircraft. TIS is a ground-

basedserviceprovidingrelativelocationofallATCRBS

(AirTrafcControlRadarBeaconSystem)ModeA

and Mode C transponder-equipped aircraft within a

specified service volume. The TIS ground sensor uses

real-timetrackreportstogeneratetrafcnotication.

TIS Traffic display is available to aircraft equipped

withaModeSDataLinksuchastheGarminGTX330

Transponder.TISTrafcfromaGTX330Transpon-

dercanthenbedisplayedonaGarmin400W/500W

Series unit. Surveillance data includes all transponder-

equipped aircraft within the coverage volume. Aircraft

without an operating transponder are invisible to TIS.

TIS displays up to eight traffic targets within seven

nautical mileshorizontallyfrom3000feetbelowto

3500feetabovethe requesting aircraft.

The TIS is a ground-based service that displays

nearbyaircraftonyour400W/500W-seriesdisplay.

FortheTISfeaturetoinformyouofanearbyaircraft’s

presence, several conditions must be met:

 • YouraircraftmustbeequippedwithaModeS

datalinktransponder,suchastheGTX330.

 • YoumustbewithinrangeofaModeSradar

that provides the TIS service. Not all Mode S

ground radars provide TIS service.

 • The“intruder”aircraftmustbeequippedwith

a transponder, and that transponder must be

turned on. Aircraft that are not equipped with

operating transponders will not be visible to the

Mode S surveillance radar.

 • The“intruder”aircraftmustbewithintheTIS

coverage volume for your aircraft. TIS displays

up to eight traffic targets within seven nautical

mileshorizontallyfromtherequestingaircraft,

andfrom3,000feetbelowto3,500feetabove

the requesting aircraft.

 • Bothyouraircraftandtheintruderaircraftmust

be visible to the Mode S surveillance radar on

the ground.

Always remember that TIS cannot alert you to

the presence of aircraft that are not equipped with

transponders, nor can it alert you to aircraft that may

be nearby, but obscured from the ground surveillance

radar by intervening terrain.

TIS Coverage Volume (not to scale)

7.0 nm 3,500 ft

3,000 ft

TIS Operation and Symbology

190-00356-30 Rev F

2

TIS Operation and Symbology

Part One: Section 1

How TIS differs from TCAS

The main difference between TIS and TCAS is the

source of surveillance data. TCAS uses an airborne

interrogator with a one-second update rate, while TIS

uses the terminal Mode S ground interrogator and its

DataLinktoprovideaboutave-secondupdaterate.

The range accuracy of TIS and TCAS is similar.

TIS Limitations

NOTE: This section on TIS Limitations is not compre-

hensive. Garmin recommends the user review the TIS

Limitations section of the Aeronautical Information

Manual, Section 1-3-5.

TIS is NOT intended to be used as a collision

avoidance system and does not relieve the pilot of

responsibilityto“seeandavoid”otheraircraft.TIS

should not be used for avoidance maneuvers during

IMC or other times when there is no visual contact

with the intruder aircraft. TIS is intended only to assist

in visual acquisition of other aircraft in VMC. No rec-

ommended avoidance maneuvers are provided for, nor

authorized,asadirectresultofaTISintruderdisplay

or TIS advisory.

While TIS is a useful aid to visual traffic avoid-

ance, it has some system limitations that must be fully

understood to ensure proper use. Many of these limi-

tations are inherent in secondary radar surveillance.

In other words, the information provided by TIS will

be no better than that provided to ATC. TIS will only

display aircraft with operating transponders installed.

TIS relies on surveillance of the Mode S radar,

whichisa“secondarysurveillance”radarsimilartothe

ATCRBS.TISoperationmaybeintermittentduring

turns or other maneuvering. TIS is dependent on

two-way,“line-of-sight”communicationbetweenthe

aircraft and the Mode S radar. Whenever the structure

of the client aircraft comes between the transponder

antenna (usually located on the underside of the air-

craft) and the ground-based radar antenna, the signal

may be temporarily interrupted. Other limitations and

anomalies associated with TIS are described in the

AIM,Section1-3-5.

Garmin is not responsible for Mode S geo-

graphical coverage. Operation of the ground

stations is the responsibility of the FAA. Refer

to the Aeronautical Information Manual for a

Terminal Mode S Radar Site Map covering the

U.S.

NOTE: TIS will be unavailable at low altitudes in many

areas of the U.S., particularly in mountainous regions.

Also, when flying near the “floor” of radar coverage

in a particular area, intruders below the client aircraft

may not be detected by TIS.

TIS information is collected one radar scan prior to

thescanduringwhichtheuplinkoccurs.Therefore,

thesurveillanceinformationisapproximatelyve

secondsold.Inordertopresenttheintrudersina“real

time”position,theTISgroundstationusesa“predic-

tivealgorithm”initstrackingsoftware.Thisalgorithm

usestrackhistorydatatoextrapolateintrudersto

theirexpectedpositionsconsistentwiththetimeof

displayinthecockpit.Occasionally,aircraftmaneuver-

ing will cause this algorithm to induce errors in the

400W/500Wdisplay.Theseerrorsprimarilyaffectrela-

tivebearinginformationandtrafctargettrackvector

(it will lag); intruder distance and altitude will remain

relativelyaccurateandmaybeusedtoassistin“see

190-00356-30 Rev F

3

TIS Operation and Symbology

Part One: Section 1

andavoid.”Someofthemorecommonexamplesof

these errors follow:

• Whenclientorintruderaircraftmaneuversexces-

sively or abruptly, the tracking algorithm may

report incorrect horizontal position until the

maneuveringaircraftstabilizes.

• When a rapidly closing intruder is on a course that

crosses the client aircraft course at a shallow angle

(eitherovertakingorheadon)andeitheraircraft

abruptly changes course within ¼ NM, TIS may

display the intruder on the opposite side of the

client than it actually is.

These are relatively rare occurrences and will

be corrected in a few radar scans once the course

has stabilized.

Improving TIS

UsersofTIScanrendervaluableassistancein

the correction of malfunctions by reporting their

observationsofundesirableperformance.Reporters

should identify the time of observation, location, type

and identity of aircraft, and describe the condition

observed; the type of transponder processor and soft-

ware in use can also be useful information. Since TIS

performance is monitored by maintenance personnel

other than ATC, it is suggested that malfunctions be

reported in the following ways:

• BytelephonetothenearestFlightServiceStation

(FSS)facility.

• ByFAAForm8000-7,SafetyImprovementReport,

a postage-paid card designed for this purpose.

ThesecardsmaybeobtainedatFAAFSSs,General

AviationDistrictOfces,FlightStandardsDistrict

Ofces,andGeneralAviationFixedBasedOpera-

tions.

TIS Symbology

TIStrafcisdisplayedonthe400W/500WSeries

unit according to TCAS symbology, graphically dis-

played on a dedicated graphical page (Traffic Page;

see below), and on the moving Map Page. A Traffic

Advisory (TA) symbol appears as a solid yellow circle

(or half circle on the outer range ring if the traffic is

outsidetherangeofthededicatedTrafcPage).Prox-

imity Advisories (PA) are displayed as a solid diamond,

and other traffic is displayed as an open diamond. PA

and other traffic is normally displayed in white, or it

may be alternatively configured for display in cyan.

When configured for cyan, the traffic page range rings

andmarkingsaredisplayedinwhite.Altitudedevia-

tion from own aircraft altitude is displayed above the

target symbol if traffic is above own aircraft altitude,

and below the symbol if they are below own aircraft

altitude. Altitude trend is displayed as an up arrow

(>+500ft/min),downarrow(<-500ft/min),orno

symboliflessthan500ft/minrateineitherdirection.

 •TrafcAdvisories(TA)—Yellow

 •ProximityAdvisories(PA)—White

(may be configured as Cyan)

 •Other—White(maybeconguredasCyan)

190-00356-30 Rev F

4

TIS Operation and Symbology

Part One: Section 1

Own Aircraft

“Other” Traffic—This symbol represents

traffic detected within the selected display

range that does not generate a TA.

Traffic Advisory (TA)—This symbol is generated when traffic

meets the advisory criteria described in TIS Operational Proce-

dures.

Traffic Ground Track is indicated

on the 400W/500W display by a

“target track vector”, a short line

displayed in 45-degree increments.

This vector shows the flight direc-

tion of the traffic.

The TIS audio alert is generated from the

GTX 330 whenever the number of Traffic Ad-

visories on the 400W/500W display increases

from one scan to the next. Limiting Traffic

Advisories only reduces the “nuisance” alerting

due to proximate aircraft. For example, when

the first Traffic Advisories appears on the TIS

display, the user is alerted audibly. So long as

a single aircraft remains on the TIS display, no

further audio alert is generated. If a second (or

more) aircraft appears on the display, a new

audio alert is sounded.

If the number of Traffic Advisories on the TIS

display decreases and then increases, a new

audio alert is sounded. The TIS audio alert is

also generated whenever TIS service becomes

unavailable. The volume, pitch, and duration

of the audio alert (including the choice between

a male or female voice) is configured during

installation.

The following TIS audio alerts are available:

• “Traffic” —TIS traffic alert is received.

• “Traffic Not Available” — TIS service is not

available or out of range.

190-00356-30 Rev F

5

Part One: Section 2

TIS Controls and Display

Section 2: Control and Display

TIS Traffic Display Status and Pilot Response

 •STBY—Whenthe400W/500WdisplaysSTBY

in the upper right hand corner of the display the

TIS system is in standby mode and cannot display

traffic data.

 •OPER—Whenthe400W/500WdisplaysOPER

in the upper right hand corner of the display the

TIS system is in operational mode and available

to display traffic on the Traffic or Map Page.

 •AGE — If traffic data are not refreshed within

6seconds,anageindicator(e.g.,“AGE00:06”)

is displayed in the lower right corner of the dis-

play (when displaying traffic). The pilot should

be aware that the quality of displayed traffic is

reduced in this condition.

 •TRFCCST—If data are still not received between

sixandtwelveseconds,the“TRFCCST”(trafc

coasting) banner located above the AGE timer will

indicate that displayed traffic is held even though

the data are not current. The pilot should be aware

that the quality of displayed traffic is reduced in

this condition.

Traffic Age Indication showing “traffic coasting”.

 •TRFCRMVD—If data are still not received after

twelve seconds, the“TRFCRMVD”bannerwill

indicate that traffic has been removed from the

display due to the age of the data being too old

to“coast”(forthetimeperiodafter12seconds

from the last receipt of a TIS message). The pilot

should be aware that traffic may be present but

not shown.

Traffic Page displaying “TRFC RMVD”

banner.

 •UNAVAIL—Aftera60secondperiodelapses

with no data, TIS is considered to be unavailable.

Thisstateisindicatedbythetext“UNAVAIL”.

Thepilotshouldbeawarethat“UNAVAIL”could

indicate a TIS coverage limitation due to a line-

of-sight situation, a low altitude condition, no

TIS service, or a result of flying directly over the

radar site providing coverage (cone of silence).

 •NODATA—“NODATA”isdisplayedwhenno

dataarebeingreceivedfromtheGTX330.The

pilot should be aware that this status may be a

normal mode of operation in a dual transpon-

derinstallationwheretheGTX330withTISis

nottheselectedtransponder.TheGTX330may

not be powered on.

 •DATAFAIL—“DATAFAIL”isdisplayedwhen

dataarebeingreceivedfromGTX330,butthere

was a failure detected in the data stream. The

pilot should see the dealer for corrective action.

 •FAILED—“FAILED”isdisplayedwhenthe

GTX330hasindicatedithasfailed.Thepilot

should see the dealer for corrective action.

190-00356-30 Rev F

6

Part One: Section 2

TIS Controls and Display

Traffic Ground Track

Trafcgroundtrackisindicatedinthe

400W/500Wdisplaybya“targettrackvector”,ashort

linedisplayedin45°increments,extending in the

direction of target movement.

Traffic Target Track Vector.

Traffic Warning Window

When the unit is on any page (other than the

NAVTrafcPageorwhenaTAWS/Terrain,orDead

Reckoningpop-upisdisplayed)andatrafcthreatis

imminent, the Traffic Warning Window is displayed.

The Traffic Warning Window shows a small thumb-

nailmapwhichcantaketheusertotheTrafcPage

by pressing ENT,orgobacktothepreviouspageby

pressing CLR.

Traffic Warning Window

NOTE: The Traffic Warning Window is disabled when

the aircraft ground speed is less than 30 knots or when

an approach is active.

Traffic Page

TISTrafcdataaredisplayedontwo400W/500W

Series unit pages, the Traffic Page and the Map Page.

The500WSeriesunitcanalsobeconguredto

displayatrafcthumbnailwindowbelowtheVLOC

frequencywindow.Unlikeotherformsoftrafc,TIS

traffic does not require heading data to be valid on the

map. The only difference between TIS and other traffic

data occurs on the Traffic Page. If heading is available,

then the traffic data are compensated and displayed

as heading-up. If it’s not available, the Traffic Page is a

track-updisplay.Itislabeledontheupperportionof

the Traffic Page.

Traffic Page Display Range

Various display ranges can be selected for optimal

display of TIS traffic information.

To change the display range on the Traffic Page:

Press RNG to zoom through the range selec-

tions which are: 12/6 NM, 6/2 NM, and

2 NM.

190-00356-30 Rev F

7

TIS Controls and Display

Part One: Section 2

Map Page

TIS traffic is displayed on the Map Page in addition

to the Traffic Page.

The Map Page displaying traffic.

Configuring TIS Traffic Data on the Map Page

To configure TIS traffic on the Map Page:

1. Turn the small right knob to select the Map

Page.

2. Press the MENU key.

Turn the small right knob to select “Setup

Map?”

3. The flashing cursor highlights the GROUP field.

Turn the small right knob to select “Traffic” and

press ENT.

4. Turn the large right knob to

select the desired Traffic Mode

option. Turn the small right

knob to select the desired option

and press ENT. Repeat the step

for Traffic Symbol and Traffic

Label.

5. Press CLR to return the Map Page.

The traffic mode selection menu allows the user to

choose from the following:

• Alltrfc-AlltrafcisdisplayedontheMapPage.

• TA/PA-Onlytrafcadvisoriesandproximity

advisories are displayed on the Map Page.

• TAonly-Onlytrafcadvisoriesaredisplayedon

the Map Page.

FromtheMapPageyoucandisplaytrafcin

a thumbnail format in any of the top three (400W

Series)orfour(500WSeries)dataeldsontheright

side of the Map Page.

Thumbnail Traffic displayed on the

GNS 430W.

NOTE: The thumbnail will display traffic

coasting “TRFC CST” or traffic removed

“TRFC RMVD” in the lower right when TIS

messages have been missed.

To display Thumbnail Traffic on the Map Page:

1. Turn the small right knob to select the Map

Page.

2. Press the MENU key and display the Page Menu.

3. Turn the small right knob to select “Change

Fields?” and press ENT.

4. Select one of the top three (400W Series) or four

(500W Series) configurable fields. Select ‘TRFC’

from the Select Field Type List and press ENT. Note

that the thumbnail range defaults to 6 NM and

cannot be changed.

190-00356-30 Rev F

8

TIS Controls and Display

Part One: Section 2

Highlighting TIS Traffic Using Map Page Panning

Another Map Page feature is panning, which allows

you to move the map beyond its current limits without

adjustingthemapscale.Whenyouselectthepanning

function—bypressingthesmall right knob—a

target pointer will flash on the map display. A window

also appears at the top of the map display showing

the latitude/longitude position of the pointer, plus the

bearing and distance to the pointer from your present

position.

Displaying traffic range and altitude separa-

tion using the Map Panning feature.

To activate the panning feature and pan the map

display:

1. Press the small right knob to activate the panning

target pointer.

2. Turn the small right knob to move up (turn clock-

wise) or down (counterclockwise).

3. Turn the large right knob to move right (turn

clockwise) or left (counterclockwise).

4. To cancel the panning function and return to your

present position, press the small right knob.

When the target pointer is placed on traffic, the

traffic range and altitude separation are displayed.

190-00356-30 Rev F

9

TIS Operational Procedures

Part One: Section 3

Section 3: TIS Operational Procedures

Introduction

TIS warns the user with voice and visual traffic

advisories whenever it predicts an intruder to be a

threat (see illustration). Voice and visual data are sent

fromtheGTX330.Theusershouldnotstartevasive

maneuversusinginformationfromthe400W/500W

display or on a traffic advisory only. The display and

advisories are intended only for assistance in visually

locatingthetrafc,duetothelackinresolutionand

coordination ability. The flight crew should attempt

to visually acquire the intruder aircraft and maintain

a safe separation in accordance with the regulatory

requirements and good operating practice. If the flight

crew cannot visually acquire the aircraft, they should

contact ATC to obtain any information that may assist

concerningtheintruderaircraft.Basedontheabove

procedures,minoradjustmenttotheverticalight

path consistent with air traffic requirements are not

considered evasive maneuvers.

Power-Up Test

The TIS interface performs an automatic test

during power-up.

 •If the system passes the power-up test, the

Standby Screen appears on the Traffic Page.

 •Ifthesystempassesthepower-uptestandthe

aircraft is airborne (as determined by system

configuration at the time of installation, see

your installer for detailed criteria information),

traffic is displayable on the Traffic Page in oper-

ating mode.

 •Ifthesystemfailsthepower-uptest,the“NO

DATA”,“DATAFAIL”,or“FAILED”message

is displayed. See your installer for corrective

actionifthe“DATAFAIL”,or“FAILED”message

isdisplayed.The“FAILED”messageindicates

theGTX330hasfailed.The“DATAFAIL”mes-

sage indicates data are being received from the

GTX330butafailurewasdetectedinthedata

stream.The“NODATA”messageindicatesthat

dataarenotbeingreceivedfromtheGTX330.

NOTE: “NO DATA” may be a normal mode of opera-

tion in a dual transponder installation where the GTX

330 with TIS is not the selected transponder.

 •UNAVAIL—Whena60secondperiod

elapses with no data, TIS is considered to be

unavailable.Thisstateisindicatedbythetext

“UNAVAILABLE”(500WSeries)and“UNAVAIL”

(400W Series). The pilot should be aware

that“UNAVAIL”couldindicateaTIScoverage

limitation due to a line-of-sight situation, a low

altitude condition, no TIS service, or a result

of flying directly over the radar site providing

coverage (cone of silence).

Conditions for Traffic Advisories

The following condition causes TIS to display a Traffic

Advisory (TA) on the 400W/500W Series unit:

• The intruder aircraft approaches your aircraft on

a course that will intercept (defined by a 0.5 NM

horizontal radius and a relative altitude of ± 500

feet) your course within 34 seconds.

0.5 nm

Intruder Aircraft

+ 500 ft

This area within 34 seconds - 500 ft

190-00356-30 Rev F

10

TIS Operational Procedures

Part One: Section 3

Manual Override

The user can manually switch between standby

(STBY)andoperating(OPER)modeofoperationto

manually override automatic operation.

To place the display into operating mode from the

standby mode (to display TIS traffic):

1. Turn the cursor on and highlight “STBY”.

2. Turn the small right knob to select

“OPER?”.

3. Press ENT to confirm.

To place the display into standby mode from

operating mode (to stop displaying TIS traffic):

1. Turn the cursor on and highlight “OPER”.

2. Turn the small right knob to select “STBY?”

3. Press ENT to confirm.

“DATA FAIL” Message

The ‘NO DATA’ message indicates that data

are not being received from the GTX 330.

NOTE: This may be a normal mode of opera-

tion in a dual transponder installation where

the GTX 330 with TIS is not the selected

transponder.

Flight Procedures

Once the aircraft is airborne (determined by system

configuration at the time of installation) the system

switches from standby mode to operating mode. The

400W/500WSeriesunitdisplaysOPERintheupper

right hand corner of the display and begins to display

traffic on the Traffic or Map Page.

The TIS Traffic Advisory (TA) should alert the crew

to use additional vigilance to identify the intruding

aircraft. Any time the traffic symbol becomes a yellow

circle or a voice warning is announced, conduct a

visual search for the intruder. If successful, maintain

visual contact to ensure safe operation. See Section 2:

ControlandDisplayforadescriptionofpilotresponses

to TIS display messages.

After Landing

Oncetheaircraftis“ground-borne”(determined

by system configuration at the time of installation)

the system switches from operating mode to standby

mode.The400W/500WSeriesunitdisplays“STBY”.

As described previously, both the standby and operat-

ing modes can be manually overridden by the display

controls.

190-00356-30 Rev F

11

XM Radio Introduction

Part Two: Section 1

Part Two:

XM Radio

Section 1: Introduction

Overview

TheGDL69 is a remote sensor that receives

broadcastweatherdatafromadataserviceofXMSat-

elliteRadio,Inc.TheGDL69AissimilartotheGDL

69,butalsoreceivesaudioentertainmentbroadcasts

fromanotherserviceofXMSatelliteRadio.The400W

and500Wseriesunitsserveasthedisplayandcontrol

headforyourremotelymountedGDL69/69Asatellite

radio.

BeforetheGDL69/69Acanbeused,theunit

mustbeactivatedbyXMSatelliteRadiowithaservice

subscriptionthroughXMSatelliteRadio.Pleasenote

thattheGDL69isaweatherdatalink.TheGDL69A

isaweatherdatalinkandaudioreceiver.Thedatalink

service and the audio entertainment services must be

activated separately.

YourGDL69orGDL69Aisshippedwithone

or two radio hardware identifications, respectively.

TheseIDsserveasidenticationcodesforyourXM-

equippedGDL69/69Aandareneededintheactiva-

tionprocess.TheID(s)is(are)attachedtotheActiva-

tionInstructionsandprintedonalabelonthebackof

theunit.TheIDscanalsoberetrievedthroughyour

unitintheXMInformationpageoftheAuxfunction.

Contact your dealer or customer service if you are

unabletolocatetheradiohardwareIDs.

Weatherand/oraudiodatafromyourGDL69/69A

areprovidedbyXMSatelliteRadio,acompany

separate and independent from Garmin Corporation.

HaveyourradiohardwareIDsreadybeforecontact-

ingXMSatelliteRadio.Duringtheprocess,youcan

select services for subscription. Keep in mind that the

GDL69hasnoaudiocapability,audioserviceswillnot

be available with the unit.

FollowtheGDL 69/69A XM Satellite Radio Activa-

tion Instructions (190-00355-04) enclosed with your

GDL69/69AunittoactivatetheXMproducts.

XM Radio Pages

To reach the XM pages:

1. From any page, press and hold CLR to select

the Default NAV Page. (You may skip this step

if you are already viewing any of the main

pages.)

2. Turn the large right knob to select the AUX

page group. “AUX” appears in the lower right

corner of the screen.

3. Turn the small right knob to select the XM

Audio, XM Information, or XM WX Timestamps

pages.

XMWeatherpageisdisplayedintheNAVpage

group.TheXMAudiofunctionpagesaredisplayedin

theAUXpagegroup.

XM NAV Pages

WhenaGDL69orGDL69Aisinstalled,thefol-

lowingXM-relatedpagesappearintheNAVgroupof

pages:

 • MapPage.TheMappage(thesecondpage

in the NAV page group) becomes capable of

displaying weather data and the boundaries

ofareaswithTemporaryFlightRestrictions

(TFRs).

 • XMWeatherPage.TheXMWeatherpageis

inserted in the NAV page group, immediately

beforetheTerrainpage.Thispageislikethemap

page,butcanshowNEXRADweatherdata,col-

oredagsshowingwhichairportshaveMETARs

(currentweatherobservations—Meteorological

AerodromeReports),Lightning(LTNG)reports,

Cell Movement, or Winds Aloft.

190-00356-30 Rev F

12

Part Two: Section 2

XM Weather

XM WPT Pages

WhenaGDL69orGDL69Aisinstalled,twoXM-

relatedpagesareaddedto“airport”pagesintheWPT

page group:

 • Textual METAR Page.TheTextualMETAR

pageshowsthetextofthemostrecentMETAR

(MeteorologicalAerodromeReport)thathas

been received for an airport.

 • TAF Page.TheTAFpageshowsthetextofthe

mostrecentTAF(TerminalAerodromeFore-

cast) that has been received for an airport.

XM AUX Pages

WhenaGDL69orGDL69Aisinstalled,thefol-

lowingXMpagesappearintheAUXgroupofpages:

 • XM Audio Page(GDL69Aonly).SeeSection4

below for a description of this page.

 • XM Information Page. This page contains

information that you will use when activat-

ingyourXMsatelliteradiosubscription.It

alsoreportstheGDL69/69A’ssoftwareversion

number.

 • XM Weather Timestamp Pages. This page

show timestamp data for the most recently

receivedXMweatherdata.

Section 2: XM Weather

TheXMWeatherFunctioniscapableofdisplaying

graphicalweatherinformationthroughtheXMSatel-

liteRadioServicewhenactivatedintheoptionalinstal-

lationoftheGDL69/69A.NextGenerationWeather

Radar(NEXRAD),METARssymbols(METAR),

Lightning(LTNG),CellMovement(CELLMOVE),

andWindsAloft(WINDS)aredisplayedontheNAV

pages. The types of products available depend on the

subscriptionservicewithXMSatelliteRadio.

Once you have activated an aviation weather ser-

vicefromXMSatelliteRadio,the400W/500Wseries

unit can display the following aviation-related data:

 • NEXRAD. An indication of the intensity

of weather radar echoes from the National

WeatherService’snetworkofNEXRAD(NEXt

generationRADar)sitescanbeshownonthe

XMWeatherPageandcanoptionallybeover-

laidontheMappage.(Boththesepagesarein

theNAVpagegroup.)CanadianRadarmayalso

be available.

 • Radar Coverage.WheneverNEXRADis

shown, a cross-hatch pattern indicates the limits

ofNEXRADradarcoverage.Thecross-hatched

areashowswhereNEXRADinformationis

unavailable.

 • Lightning (LTNG). When enabled, lightning

strikesandcellsareshownasyellow“+”

signs.Lightninginformationindicatesthe

locationofcloud-to-groundlightningstrikes.

 • Cell Movement (CELL MOVE). When

enabled, Cell Movement shows the storm

cells identified by the ground-based system.

The movement is depicted by an arrow. The

tip of the arrow represents where the cell is

expectedtobein10minutesfromthetime

the cell location was determined.

190-00356-30 Rev F

13

Part Two: Section 2

XM Weather

 • Winds Aloft (WINDS). The Winds Aloft

selection provides the pilot with wind speed

and direction. The winds at a given altitude

are selected in the Winds Aloft Alt below the

WINDSselection.Theselectedaltitudeis

shown along with the product time.

 • Textual Meteorological Aerodrome Reports

(METARs).Whenyouzoomintoshowthe

airport symbol associated with the colored flag

foragraphicalMETAR,andmovetheMap

Pointer to highlight that airport, you can then

press ENTtoseetheTextualMETARpagefor

thatairport.TheTextualMETARpageisoneof

the airport pages of the WPT page group.

 • Graphical Meteorological Aerodrome

Reports (METARs).TheXMWeatherpage(in

the NAV page group) can show colored flags

to indicate the level of current weather condi-

tionsatthoseairportsforwhichtextualMETAR

reports are available. The flags are color-coded

to indicate the severity of the current weather at

theairport:cyanforVFRconditions,greenfor

MarginalVFRconditions,yellowforIFRcondi-

tions,ormagentaofLowIFRconditions.

 • Terminal Aerodrome Forecast (TAFs). A

TAFpageisaddedamongtheairportpagesof

theWPTpagegroup.TheTAFpagediffersfrom

theTextualMETARpageinthatitdescribes

forecast future weather conditions rather than

current conditions.

 • Temporary Flight Restrictions (TFRs). The

boundariesofareaswithTFRsareoutlinedin

yellowontheMapandXMWeatherpagesof

theNAVpagegroup.Inthe500W-series,TFR

boundaries are also shown on the NAV main

page.Youcanobtainmoreinformationabouta

TFRbybringingupthemapcursor,movingthe

map cursor to within the yellow outlined area,

and pressing the ENTkey.

Weather Product Age

Theageofthedisplayedweatherproduct—orthe

effectivetimeofWindsAloftpredictions—isshown

intheupperrightcornerofthedisplay.Forexample,

ifNEXRADisdisplayed,“0:05”indicatesthatthedata

are five minutes old. If Winds Aloft predictions are

beingdisplayed,“10:00”indicatestheeffectivetime

for the displayed prediction is 10:00 AM.

ThedataforeachXMWeatherproductareupdated

regularlyfromtheGDL69/69A.XMWeatherproducts

expireafterthefollowingintervals:

Product Expiration Interval

METARs 90 minutes

NEXRAD/Radar Coverage 30 minutes

TFRs 60 minutes

TAFs 60 minutes

Lightning 30 minutes

SCITs 30 minutes

Winds Aloft Predictions 90 minutes

WhentheageofthedisplayedXMWeatherprod-

uctreachesonehalfofitsexpirationtime,thecolor

of the displayed time changes from green to amber.

ExpiredXMWeatherproductsareneverdisplayed.In

theunlikelyeventthatthedatashouldexpirebefore

a fresh update is received, the time will be dashed out

and the data removed from the display.

XM NEXRAD Weather

TheNationalWeatherService’snetworkofWSR-

88DDopplerweathersurveillanceradars—alsocalled

NEXRAD,forNextGenerationRadar—hasgreatly

improved the detection of meteorological events such

asthunderstorms,tornados,andhurricanes.Anexten-

sivenetworkofNEXRADweatherradarsprovides

190-00356-30 Rev F

14

Part Two: Section 2

XM Weather

almostcompletecoverageofthecontinentalUnited

States,Alaska,andHawaii.Theunobstructedrangeof

eachNEXRADisupto250nauticalmiles.

When enabled, composite data from all the

NEXRADradarsitesintheUnitedStatesisshown.

Thisdataarecomposedofthemaximumreectivity

from the individual radar sweeps. Canadian radar may

also be displayed. The display is color-coded to indi-

cate the weather level severity. Information about with

sites are operational or off-line is also available.

To display NEXRAD weather on the Map page:

1. With the Map page (second page of the NAV

page group) displayed, press the MENU key.

The Page Menu for the Map page appears.

NEXRAD is also available on the Nav 1 page

of the 500W series.

2. Turn the large right knob to highlight “Display

US NEXRAD?” or “Display CN NEXRAD?,” and

then press ENT. (If “Hide US NEXRAD?” or

“Hide CN NEXRAD?) appears, NEXRAD radar

data are already enabled; just press MENU

again to exit the Page Menu.)

NOTE: US and Canadian radar may not be displayed

simultaneously.

To display NEXRAD weather on the XM Weather

page:

1. With the XM Weather page (the third page of

the NAV page group) displayed, look at the

upper left corner of the page. Under the page

title (“XM Weather”) either “NEXRAD-US,”

“NEXRAD-CN,” or another weather product

appears. If the word is “NEXRAD-US” or

“NEXRAD-CN,” do nothing; NEXRAD weather

is already being displayed.

2. If the word in the upper left corner of the

page is another weather product (rather than

“NEXRAD-US” or “NEXRAD-CN”), press the

small right (CRSR) knob to highlight that

word. Then turn the small right knob to

change to “NEXRAD-US” or “NEXRAD-CN.”

3. Press the small right knob again to bring

down the cursor (that is, to stop the blinking

highlighting of “NEXRAD-US” or “NEXRAD-

CN”) and retain the selection.

NEXRAD U.S. and Canadian Coverage

SW Version 3.30 adds the ability to display

CanadianNEXRADonthemovingmappagesand

theXMWeatherpage.Thedisplayhasbeenmodied

tospecifywhethertheNEXRADdisplayedisU.S.or

Canadian.

190-00356-30 Rev F

15

Part Two: Section 2

XM Weather

NEXRAD Intensity

ColorsareusedtoidentifythedifferentNEXRAD

echo intensities (reflectivity)measuredindBZ(deci-

belsofZ).“Reectivity”istheamountoftransmitted

power returned to the radarreceiver.Reectivity

(designatedbytheletterZ)coversawiderangeof

signals(fromveryweaktoverystrong).So,amore

convenient number for calculations and comparison, a

decibel(orlogarithmic)scale(dBZ),isused.ThedBZ

values increase as the strength of the signal returned

to the radar increases. There are seven gradations for

rain,twogradationsformixedrainandsnow,andtwo

gradations for snow.

To display the NEXRAD Intensity Legend:

1. While viewing the XM Weather page, press the

MENU key to display the Page Menu.

2. Turn the large or small knob to select “Display

legend?”

3. Press ENT to display the NEXRAD Intensity

Legend.

4. Turn the large or small knob to scroll through

the full table. Press CLR to return to the normal

view.

NEXRAD Abnormalities

There are possible abnormalities regarding dis-

playedNEXRADimages.Some,butnotall,causesof

abnormal displayed information include:

 •GroundClutter

 •Strobesandspuriousradardata

 •Sunstrobes,whentheradarantenna points

directly at the sun

 •Militaryaircraftdeploymetallicdustwhichcan

cause alterations in radar scans

 •Interferencefrombuildingsormountains,

which may cause shadows

 •Scheduledmaintenancemayputaradaroff-line

190-00356-30 Rev F

16

Part Two: Section 2

XM Weather

XM Weather Label and NEXRAD Source

U.S.

XM Weather Label and NEXRAD Source

Canada

NEXRAD Limitations

CertainlimitationsexistregardingtheNEXRAD

radar displays. Some, but not all, are listed for the

user’s awareness:

 •NEXRADbasereectivity does not provide suf-

ficient information to determine cloud layers or

precipitation characteristics (hail vs. rain, etc).

 • NEXRADbasereectivityissampledatthe

minimum antenna elevation angle. An indi-

vidualNEXRADsitecannotdepicthighaltitude

storms at close ranges, and has no information

about storms directly over the site.

 • NeitherNEXRADweatherdatanortheageof

theNEXRADweatherdataaredisplayedata

zoomrangeoflessthan10NM.Theresolu-

tionofdisplayedNEXRADdatais2kilometers.

Therefore,whenzoomedinonthedisplay,

eachsquareblockis2kilometers.Theintensity

level reflected by the square will be the high-

estlevelsampledwithinthe2kilometersquare

area.

XM Weather METARs

XMWeatherMETARs(MeteorologicalAerodrome

Reports)areavailableontheXMWeatherpage.When

enabled(thatis,when“METAR”isshownintheupper

leftcornerofthepage),airportswithMETARinfor-

mationaboveacertainseveritylevelaremarkedwith

coloredagsonthedisplay.RefertotheXMWeather

legend for a description of the color code. The update

rate is every 12 minutes.

190-00356-30 Rev F

17

Part Two: Section 2

XM Weather

To display METARs on the XM Weather page:

1. While viewing the XM Weather page, check

the upper left corner to see whether “METAR”

or another weather product is displayed in the

upper left corner.

2. If another weather product (rather than

“METAR”) is shown, press the small right

(CRSR) knob to highlight the product name,

such as “NEXRAD”. Turn the small right knob

to change to “METAR,” and press that small

right knob again to bring down the cursor

(stop the highlighting) and retain the “METAR”

selection.

3. Now, colored flags will be displayed at those

airports that have METARs above a certain

severity level. (If there are no colored flags

visible, you may have to search a wider

area—zoom out with the RNG key—before

you see some METAR flags.)

To display the METAR Legend:

1. Press the MENU key to display the Page

Menu.

2. Turn the large or small right knob to select

“Display legend?”

3. Press ENT to display the METAR symbols

legend. Press the CLR key to remove the

METAR Symbols legend.

XM Weather METAR Symbols

VFR - Ceiling > 3000 ft and

visibility > 5 statute miles

Cyan

MVFR (Marginal VFR) - Ceil-

ing 1000 to 3000 ft, and/or

visibility 3 to 5 statute miles

Green

IFR - Ceiling 500 to 1000 ft,

and/or visibility 1 to 3

statute miles

Yellow

LIFR (Low IFR) - Ceiling less

than 500 ft and/or visibility

less than 1 statute mile

Magenta

Textual METAR Page

WhentheGDL69/69Aisinstalled,aTextual

METARpageisaddedamongtheAPT(airport)pages

of the WPT page group. This page can be accessed

fromtheXMWeatherpageaswellasfromtheWPT

page group.

To display Textual METARs from the Nav XM

Weather page:

1. While viewing the Nav XM Weather page, press

the MENU key to display the Page Menu.

2. Turn the large or small right knob to high-

light “Show Map Pointer?” and then press

ENT.

190-00356-30 Rev F

18

Part Two: Section 2

XM Weather

3. Turn the large or small right knob to move

the Map Pointer to highlight an airport with a

METAR flag.

4. Press ENT to display the METAR text. With

“Done?” highlighted, press ENT to return to

the map view.

To view any airport’s Textual METAR page:

1. If not viewing the WPT page group, press CLR

and turn the large right knob to select the

WPT page group.

2. Turn the small right knob until the Textual

METAR page appears.

3. To select another airport, press the small right

(CRSR) knob to highlight the airport ID (in the

“APT” field).

4. Turn the small and large right knobs to edit

the airport identifier for the desired airport.

Then, press ENT to confirm the airport name.

5. Press the small right (CRSR) knob again to

remove the cursor (that is, to stop highlighting

the APT field).

190-00356-30 Rev F

19

Part Two: Section 2

XM Weather

Textual METAR/TAF Code

ThecurrentairportweatherreportsontheTextual

METARpage(andtheairportweatherforecastsonthe

TAFpage,too)usearathercrypticformatoriginally

devisedforteleprinters.Youcanndinformation

aboutthisformatinanFAApublication,Aviation

WeatherFormats:METAR/TAF,whichcanbedown-

loadedfromtheFAAWebsite.

Youmayseethefollowingcodes,whichdiffer

slightlyfromthecodesdescribedintheFAApublica-

tionreferencedabove,atthestartofaMETARonthe

TextualMETARpage:

 • SA=METAR—astandardhourlyMETAR

report.

 • SP=SPECI—aSpecialReportinserted

betweenregularhourlyMETARstoprovide

late-breakingweathernews.

TAF Page

WhenaGDL69/69Aisinstalled,theTAF(Termi-

nalAerodromeForecast)pageisinsertedintotheWPT

pagegroup,immediatelyaftertheTextualMETAR

page.

Thispageshowsatextmessagegivingaweather

forecast for a particular airport. The format is similar

tothatusedforMETARS,butdescribesaweather

forecast rather than current weather at the particular

airport.

TFR Information

AreaswithTFRs(TemporaryFlightRestrictions)

are shown outlined in yellow on the NAV main page

ofthe500W-seriesandontheMapandXMWeather

pageofboththe400Wand500W-series.More

informationaboutTemporaryFlightRestrictionscan

beseenontheTFRInformationpage,whichcanbe

accessedfromtheMappageortheXMWeatherpage.

1a. With the Map page (the second page of the

NAV page group) displayed, press the small

right knob to bring up the map pointer.

or

1b. With the XM Weather page (the third page

of the NAV page group) displayed, press the

MENU key to bring up the Page Menu. Then,

turn the large right knob to highlight “Show

Map Pointer” and press ENT to bring up the

map pointer.

2. Turn the large and small right knobs to move

the map pointer to the yellow boundary of a

TFR region. When the map pointer is within

the TFR region, its boundary will be highlighted

with a wider yellow line.

190-00356-30 Rev F

20

XM Weather

Part Two: Section 2

3. Press ENT. The first item is the pop-up Page

Menu will be “Review TFR?”.

4. Press ENT again to see the TFR Information

page.

5. Press ENT when done viewing the TFR Informa-

tion page.

TheeldsoftheTFRInformationpageareasfol-

lows:

 • Type. A brief description of the reason for the

temporary flight restriction appears here. Some

examplesofthetextthatmightappearhere

are:“Fire,”“Miscellaneous,”“NationalSecurity

Area,”“NaturalDisaster,”and“SportsEvent.”

 • Facility/NOTAM. This filed contains a code

forthenameoftheFAAfacilitythatissuedthe

NOTAM (Notice to Airmen) announcing the

TFR,followedbytheNOTAMnumber.For

instance,“ZSE6/9507”wouldmeanNOTAM

number6/9507fromtheSeattleARTCC(KZSE).

NOTE: The full text of the NOTAM may be obtained

from a local FSS or from the FAA web site, using the

contents of this field as a reference to locate the

particular NOTAM. However, the information shown on

the TFR Information page is sufficient to let you comply

with the Temporary Flight Restriction by avoiding the

affected area.

 • Active Time. This field is for the beginning and

ending times of the temporary flight restriction.

Itmaybeblank,inwhichcasetheTFRisactive

“untilfurthernotice.”

 • Vert Limits. This field gives the upper and

lowerlimitsoftheairspacetowhichtheTFR

applies.

Lightning (LTNG)

Whenenabled,lightningstrikes and cells are

shown.Lightninginformationindicatesthelocationof

cloud-to-groundlightningstrikes.Lightningstrikesare

noted by yellow plus (+) signs.

To view XM Weather Lightning Strikes:

1. While viewing the XM Weather page, check

the upper left corner to see whether “LTNG”

or another weather product is displayed.

2. If another weather product (rather than

“LTNG”) is shown, press the small right

(CRSR) knob to highlight the product name,

such as “NEXRAD”. Turn the small right knob

to change to “LTNG,” and press that small

right knob again to bring down the cursor

(stop the highlighting) and retain the “LTNG”

selection.

190-00356-30 Rev F

21

Part Two: Section 2

XM Weather

Cell Movement (CELL MOVE)

When enabled, Cell Movement shows the storm

cells identified by the ground-based system. The

movement is depicted by an arrow. The tip of the

arrowrepresentswherethecellisexpectedtobein10

minutes from the time the cell location was deter-

mined.CellMovementisnotedbyayellowboxwith

an arrow showing reported the direction of travel.

To view XM Weather Cell Movement:

1. While viewing the XM Weather page, check the

upper left corner to see whether “CELL MOVE”

or another weather product is displayed.

2. If another weather product (rather than “CELL

MOVE”) is shown, press the small right

(CRSR) knob to highlight the product name,

such as “NEXRAD”. Turn the small right knob

to change to “CELL MOVE,” and press that

small right knob again to bring down the

cursor (stop the highlighting) and retain the

“CELL MOVE” selection.

To view XM Weather Cell Movement details:

1. While viewing the XM Weather page with Cell

Movement active, activate the Map Pointer by

pressing the MENU key, highlighting “Show

Map Pointer,” and press ENT.

2. Turn the large right knob to move the cursor

left and right. Turn the small right knob to

move the cursor up and down.

3. Move the cursor into the Cell Movement sym-

bol to vew details about the Cell.

190-00356-30 Rev F

22

Part Two: Section 3

XM Weather

Winds Aloft

The Winds Aloft selection provides the pilot with

agraphicdisplayofpredictedwindsatanyoneof15

selectable altitudes. The winds at a given altitude are

selected in the Winds Aloft Alt selection. The selected

altitude is shown along with the product effective

time. Winds Aloft predictions are updated every hour

andaremadeavailableviatheGDL69/69Aatamore

frequent interval.

The display includes:

• Windbarbs,representingwindspeed,and

direction

• The selected altitude

• The effective time for the prediction.

Winds Aloft are represented by meteorological

symbolsknownas“windbarbs”.Awindbarbconsists

ofanarrow-likelinethatindicatesthedirectionin

whichthewindisblowing,withmarks(“barbs”)along

one side of the line to indicate wind speed. The barbed

end of the symbol points in the direction from which

thewindiscoming.Barbs,whichareusedsinglyand

in combinations, have the following values:

• Ashortline:  5knots

• Alongline:  10knots

• Apennant(triangle): 50knots

Forexample,averticallyorientedwindbarbwitha

pennant, two long lines and a short line at its upper end

woulddenotea75-knotwindblowingfromthenorth.

To view XM Weather Winds Aloft:

1. While viewing the XM Weather page, check the

upper left corner of the display. If a weather

product other than “WINDS” is shown, press

the small right (CRSR) knob to highlight the

product name. Turn the small right knob until

“WINDS” is displayed.

2. Turn the large right knob to move the cursor

down to the Altitude field, then use the small

right knob to select an altitude from ground

level up to 42,000 feet (in 3,000-foot incre-

ments). Note that you can move up and down

the atmosphere, comparing wind predictions

at different altitudes.

3. When done, press the small right (CRSR)

knob again to remove the cursor (remove

highlighting from the altitude field).

190-00356-30 Rev F

23

Winds Aloft Altitude

The Winds Aloft Altitude selection provides the

pilot with the ability to select any wind altitude from

the ground up to 42,000 feet in 3,000 foot increments.

When no data are shown at a given altitude, the data

for that altitude has not been received. Wait for the

nextupdate.Theselectedaltitudeisdepictedbelow

theWINDSlabel.

To change the XM Weather Winds Aloft altitude:

1. With the “WINDS” product selected, turn the

large right knob to highlight the altitude

value.

2. Turn the small right knob to change the

value.

3. When done, press the small right (CRSR)

knob again to remove the cursor (remove

highlighting from the altitude field).

Section 3: XM AUX Pages

WhenaGDL69(orGDL69A)isinstalled,three

(orfour)pagesareinsertedintothe500W/500W’s

AUXpagegroup.Herewediscussthetwopagesthat

areinsertedregardlessofwhethertheXMreceiverisa

GDL69orGDL69A:

 • XM Information Page. This page contains

information that you will use when activating

yourXMsatelliteradiosubscription.

 • XM Weather Timestamp Pages. These pages

show timestamp data for the most recently

receivedXMweatherdata.

TheotherAUXpage,whichisinstalledonlyifthe

XMreceiverisaGDL69A,istheXMaudiopage.

XM Information Page

TheXMInformationpageintheAUXpagegroup

is the page you will refer to when activating your sub-

scriptiontotheXMSatelliteRadioservices.

 • AudioID.TheAudioIDcontainstheeight-

characteridenticationcodeoftheXMAudio

radiobuiltintotheGDL69A.ProvidethisID

toXMSatelliteRadiowhenactivatinganXM

audiosubscription.(InthecaseofaGDL69,

this field shows eight hyphens instead of an

Part Two: Section 3

XM Aux Pages

190-00356-30 Rev F

24

audioID,becausetheGDL69isadata-only

receiver.)

 • Audio Signal. The Audio Signal field indicates

thesignalstrengthoftheGDL69A’saudio

signal.(InthecaseofaGDL69,thiseldshows

“antenna”ratherthanasignalstrengthindica-

tion.)

 • Data ID.TheDataIDeldcontainstheeight-

characterIDcodeoftheXMdataradiobuilt

intotheGDL69orGDL69A.ProvidethisID

toXMSatelliteRadiowhenactivatingyourXM

aviation data subscription.

 • Data Signal.TheDataSignalelddisplaysan

indicationoftheXMdatasignalstrength.

 • Service Class. Once you have activated your

XMSatelliteRadioservice,theServiceClass

eldwillshowtheXMsubscriptionplanyou

havepurchased.Typicalvalueswouldbe“Avia-

torLT”or“Aviator.”Currently,the400Wand

500W-seriesonlysupportasubsetoftheAvia-

torLTservicefromXMSatelliteRadio.

Product Aviator LT Aviator

US NEXRAD • •

CN NEXRAD •

Radar Coverage • •

Precipitation Type

(at surface)

• •

TFRs • •

US METARs • •

US TAFs • •

US Winds Aloft •

Cell Movement •

Lightning •

NOTE: If an unrecognized service class is detected,

“Activated” will be displayed along with a service class

code.

 • GDL 69 Version. This field shows the version

numberofthesoftwareinyourGDL69orGDL

69AXMradioreceiver.

XM WX Timestamps

TheXMWXTimestamppages,liketheXM

Informationpage,isaddedtothe400W/500W’sAUX

pagegroupwhenaGDL69/69Aisinstalled.These

pages display date/time stamps showing when the

variousitemsofXMweatherdataweremostrecently

downloaded.

Part Two: Section 4

XM Audio

190-00356-30 Rev F

25

Each of these time stamps is a date-time group in

“DDHHMMZ”format,where:

 • DD is the day of the month

 • HH is the hour of the day

 • MM is the minute of the hour

 • Zisatimezonedesignatorindicatingthatthe

date and time are for standard time on the

Greenwichmeridian:thatis,UTC(Coordi-

natedUniversalTime).

Section 4: XM Audio

AudioentertainmentisavailablethroughtheXM

SatelliteRadioServicewhenactivatedintheoptional

installationoftheGDL69A.The400Wand500W

series units serve as the display and control head for

yourremotelymountedGDL69A.XMSatelliteRadio

allowsyoutoenjoyavarietyofradioprogramming

over long distances without having to constantly

searchfornewstations.Basedonsignalfromsatellites,

coveragefarexceedsland-basedtransmissions.When

enabled,theXMSatelliteRadioaudioentertainmentis

accessibleintheAUXfunction.

TheinformationontheXMSatelliteRadiodisplay

is composed of four areas: the Active channel, avail-

able Channels, Category of the highlighted channel,

and the Volume setting. The Active Channel window

shows the Channel Name and Number, Artist, Song

Title, Category, and provides an indication of signal

strength.Abargraphnexttotheantennasymbol

describesthesignalstrength.Maximumsignalstrength

is shown by three full bars.

Part Two: Section 4

XM Audio

Category name

Song title Audio output (enabled or disabled)

Slider

Channel Name

Signal strength

indicator

Artist name

Channel

number

Pointer showing

current selection

being played

Channel name

XM Audio Page Description

Channel

number

190-00356-30 Rev F

26

TheXMAudiopageallowsyoutocontrolthe

functionsoftheXMAudioreceiverintheGDL69A,

such as, category and channel selection, artist

selection, and volume. Pressing the MENUkey

displays the Page Menu selections.

Selecting categories

1. Press the small right (CRSR) knob to high-

light the category names. The categories will

be listed below in numeric order.

2. Turn the small right knob to scroll through

the list of categories. Categories are shown in

the upper section of the display. The channels

for each category are shown in the list below

the category title.

3. Press ENT to select the highlighted category.

The first channel in the selected category will

now be highlighted and the current song being

played in that channel will be shown in the

lower window.

4. Turn the large right knob counterclockwise

to move the highlight back up to the cat-

egory name window.

Selecting channels

1. Press the small right (CRSR) knob to high-

light the category names.

2. Turn the large right knob clockwise, or press

ENT, to move the highlight into the channel

selections.

3. Turn the small right knob to highlight a chan-

nel.

4. Press ENT to select the highlighted channel

for listening. A triangle will point to the song

currently being played.

Part Two: Section 4

XM Audio

190-00356-30 Rev F

27

Part Two: Section 4

XM Audio

XM Audio Menu

TheXMAudioMenuprovideschoicesforselecting

a channel, displaying the channel, artist, or title,

enabling audio output, and controlling the volume.

1. While viewing the XM Audio page, press the

MENU key.

2. Turn the large or small right knobs to high-

light the choices. Press the ENT key to make a

selection.

Add to Presets List

Uptofteenchannelsmaybesavedaspresetsto

easily return to your favorite channels.

1. While viewing the XM Audio page, selected

the desired channel.

2. While the desired channel is highlighted, press

the MENU key. With “Add to Presets List?”

highlighted, press ENT.

3. Turn the large right knob clockwise to move

the highlight into the presets list. Turn the

small right knob to highlight the position

where you want to place the preset.

4. Press ENT to replace the previous preset chan-

nel with the newly selected channel.

190-00356-30 Rev F

28

Part Two: Section 4

XM Audio

Enter Channel Number

Youmaydirectlyselectaspecicchannelbyusing

the“EnterChannelNumber”itemfromthePage

Menu.

1. While viewing the XM Audio page, press the

MENU key. Turn the large right knob to

highlight “Enter Channel Number.”

2. Turn the large right knob to move the

highlight and the small right knob to select

a number.

3. Press the ENT key to make a selection. The

selected channel will now play and is dis-

played in the window at the bottom of the

display.

Display Channel In List

Channels can be shown in a list of channels in the

middlepanebyusingthe“DisplayChannelInList”

item from the Page Menu.

1. While viewing the XM Audio page, press the

MENU key. Turn the large right knob to

highlight “Display Channel In List.”

2. Press the ENT key.

190-00356-30 Rev F

29

Part Two: Section 4

XM Audio

Display Artist In List

The name of the artists in the range of displayed

channels can be shown in the middle pane by using

the“DisplayArtistInList”itemfromthePageMenu.

1. While viewing the XM Audio page, press the

MENU key. Turn the large right knob to

highlight “Display Artist In List.”

2. Press the ENT key.

Display Title In List

The Titles of the songs in the range of displayed

channels can be shown in the middle pane by using

the“DisplayTitleInList”itemfromthePageMenu.

1. While viewing the XM Audio page, press the

MENU key. Turn the large right knob to

highlight “Display Title In List.”

2. Press the ENT key.

190-00356-30 Rev F

30

Part Two: Section 4

XM Audio

Enable/Mute Audio Output

The Enable/Mute Audio Output selection of the

Page Menu allows you to toggle the audio output On

or Off. When Audio Output is muted, a green slash

will cross over the music symbol in the song pane.

1. While viewing the XM Audio page, press the

MENU key. Turn the large right knob to

highlight “Enable Audio Output” or “Disable

Audio Output.”

2. Press the ENT key to perform the highlighted

action. Pressing the CLR key toggles the

audio output.

Change Volume

TheXMAudiovolumemaybechangedintwo

ways: directly with the Rangekeysorthroughthe

Page Menu.

1. While viewing the XM Audio page, press the

MENU key. Turn the large right knob to

highlight “Change Volume.”

2a. Press the ENT key and then turn the small

right knob to change the volume.

or

2b. Press the Range keys to adjust the volume.

Blank Page

190-00356-30 Rev F

31

Part Three: Section 1

TAWS Introduction

Part Three:

TAWS Interface

Section 1: Introduction

NOTE: GNS 530W units may display a TERRAIN

Page, a TAWS Page, or neither, (but not both)

depending upon the installed hardware and

configuration.

Overview

Garmin’s Terrain Awareness Warning System

(TAWS)isanoptionalfeature(500W-seriesonly)to

increase situational awareness and aid in reducing

controlled flight into terrain. Garmin TAWS satisfies

TSO-C151bClassBrequirementsforcertication.

ClassBTAWSisrequiredforallPart91aircraft

operationswithsixormorepassengerseatsandfor

Part135turbineaircraftoperationswithsixtonine

passengerseats(FARParts91.223,135.154).

TAWS provides visual and aural annunciations

when terrain and obstacles are within the given altitude

threshold from the aircraft.

Garmin TAWS satisfies TSO-C151b Class B

requirements for certification

Operating Criteria

Garmin TAWS requires the following to operate

properly:

 •Thesystemmusthaveavalid3DGPSposition

solution

 •Thesystemmusthaveavalidterrain/obstacle/

airport terrain database

Limitations

NOTE: The data contained in the TAWS databases

comes from government agencies. Garmin accurately

processes and cross-validates the data, but cannot

guarantee the accuracy and completeness of the data.

TAWS displays terrain and obstructions relative

to the altitude of the aircraft. The displayed alerts

and warnings are advisory in nature only. Individual

obstructions may be shown if available in the database.

However,allobstructionsmaynotbeavailableinthe

database and data may be inaccurate. Never use this

information for navigation or to maneuver to avoid

obstacles.

Terrain information is based on terrain elevation

data contained in a database that may contain

inaccuracies. Terrain information should be used

as an aid to situational awareness. Never use it for

navigation or to maneuver to avoid terrain.

TAWS uses terrain and obstacle information sup-

plied by government sources. The data undergoes veri-

fication by Garmin to confirm accuracy of the content,

perTSO-C151b.However,thedisplayedinformation

should never be understood as being all-inclusive.

190-00356-30 Rev F

32

Part Three: Section 1

TAWS Operation

Section 2: TAWS Operation

TAWS Alerting

TAWS uses information provided from the GPS

receivertoprovideahorizontalpositionandaltitude.

GPS altitude is derived from satellite measurements.

GPSaltitudeisconvertedtoameansealevel(MSL)-

basedaltitude(GPS-MSLaltitude)andisusedto

determineTAWSalerts.GPS-MSLaltitudeaccuracyis

affected by factors such as satellite geometry, but it is

notsubjecttovariationsinpressureandtemperature

that normally affect pressure altitude devices. GPS-

MSLaltitudedoesnotrequirelocalaltimetersettings

todetermineMSLaltitude.Therefore,GPSaltitude

providesahighlyaccurateandreliableMSLaltitude

source to calculate terrain and obstacle alerts.

TAWS utilizes terrain and obstacle databases that

arereferencedtomeansealevel(MSL).UsingtheGPS

positionandGPS-MSLaltitude,TAWSdisplaysa2-D

picture of the surrounding terrain and obstacles relative

tothepositionandaltitudeoftheaircraft.Furthermore,

the GPS position and GPS-MSL altitude are used to

calculate and “predict” the aircraft’s ight path in

relation to the surrounding terrain and obstacles. In this

manner, TAWS can provide advanced alerts of predicted

dangerousterrainconditions.Detailedalertmodesare

described later in this section.

Baro-Corrected Altitude

Baro-correctedaltitude(orindicatedaltitude)isde-

rivedbyadjustingthealtimetersettingforlocalatmo-

spheric conditions. The most accurate baro-corrected

altitude can be achieved by frequently updating the

altimeter setting to the nearest reporting station along

theightpath.However,becauseactualatmosphere

conditions seldom match the standard conditions

defined by the International Standard Atmosphere

(ISA) model (where pressure, temperature, and lapse

rateshavexedvalues),itiscommonforthebaro-cor-

rected altitude (as read from the altimeter) to differ

fromtheGPS-MSLaltitude.Thisvariationresultsin

the aircraft’s true altitude differing from the baro-cor-

rected altitude.

Power Up

Duringpower-upofthe500WSeriesunit,the

terrain/obstacle database versions are displayed along

with a disclaimer to the pilot. At the same time,

TAWS self-test begins. TAWS gives the following aural

messages upon test completion:

•“TAWS System Test, OK”, if the system passes the test

•“TAWS System Failure”, if the system fails the test

A test failure is also annunciated for TAWS, as

shown in the TAWS Alert Summary table.

TAWS Page

The TAWS Page is in the NAV group of pages (see

the500WSeriesPilot’sGuidefordetailedinformation

regarding page groups and pages).

The TAWS Page

190-00356-30 Rev F

33

Part Three: Section 2

TAWS Operation

To display the TAWS Page, select the NAV group

and turn the small right knobuntiltheTAWSPage

is displayed. Terrain information, aircraft ground

track,andGPS-derivedMSLaltitudearedisplayed

on the page. Altitude is shown in increments of 20

feet or in increments of 10 meters, depending on unit

conguration.The“G”torightoftheMSLaltitude

display reminds the pilot that altitude is GPS-derived.

The TAWS Page has two selectable view settings:

120˚ Viewing Angle on the TAWS Page

 •360˚View—Viewfromaboveaircraftdepicting

surrounding terrain on all sides

 •120˚View—Viewofterrainaheadofand60˚to

either side of the aircraft flight path

NOTE: The TAWS Page gives a “Track Up” display

orientation, as indicated by the “TRK” label shown on

the display. This is the only orientation available for the

TAWS Page.

To display a 120˚ view:

1. Select the TAWS Page and press MENU. Select

“View 120˚?”.

2. Press ENT. The TAWS Page displays the 120˚

view. To change to a 360˚ view, repeat step 1,

select “View 360˚?”, and press ENT.

Seven display ranges are available, allowing for a

more complete view of the surrounding area.

To change the display range:

1. Select the TAWS Page and press up or down

on the RNG key to select the desired range:

1 NM, 2 NM, 5 NM, 10 NM, 25 NM, 50 NM,

100 NM.

Aviationinformationsuchasairports,VORs,and

other navaids can be turned on or off on the TAWS

Page.

To show or hide aviation information:

1. Press MENU.

2. Select “Show (or Hide) Aviation Data?” and

press ENT. Pressing the CLR key when the

TAWS Page is displayed can also be used to

toggle aviation information on or off.

Aviation Data

Inhibit Mode

TAWSprovidesan“inhibitmode”.Thismodeis

designedtodeactivatePDA/FLTAauralandvisual

alerts when they are deemed unnecessary by the

aircrew.FlyingVFRintoanareawhereuniqueterrain

existscouldcausethesystemtoannunciateanuisance

alert. Pilots should use discretion when inhibiting

the TAWS system and always remember to enable the

systemwhenappropriate.OnlythePDAandFLTA

alerts are disabled in the inhibit mode. See section 3

for more information on TAWS alerts.

190-00356-30 Rev F

34

Part Three: Section 2

TAWS Operation

TERRAINconguredunitswillrestorethe“inhibit

state”atstartuptothelastpilot-selectedsetting.TAWS

configured units will always start up with TAWS alerts

uninhibited.

Inhibiting Terrain

To inhibit PDA and FLTA alerts:

1. Select the TAWS Page and press MENU.

“Inhibit Terrain?” is selected by default.

2. Press ENT. The PDA/FLTA alerts are inhibited.

The annunciation is displayed in

the terrain annunciator field whenever terrain

is inhibited.

To enable PDA and FLTA alerts:

1. Select the TAWS Page and press MENU.

“Enable Terrain?” is selected by default.

2. Press ENT. The PDA/FLTA alerts are functional

again.

External TAWS Inhibit Control

An optional installation is allowed for providing

anexternalTAWSInhibitswitch.Pressingtheexternal

TAWS Inhibit switch toggles the TAWS inhibit on and

off in the same manner as using the Page Menu selec-

tion.

TAWS Manual Test

Garmin TAWS provides a manual test capability

which verifies the proper operation of the aural and

visual annunciations of the system prior to a flight.

“Test Terrain” selection

To manually test the TAWS system:

1. Select the TAWS Page and press MENU.

2. Select the “Test Terrain?” option.

3. Press ENT to confirm the selection.

An aural message is played giving the test results:

•“TAWS System Test, OK”ifthesystempassesthe

test

•“TAWS System Failure”ifthesystemfailthetest

NOTE: TAWS System Testing is disabled when

ground speed exceeds 30 knots so as not to

impede TAWS alerting.

190-00356-30 Rev F

35

Part Three: Section 2

TAWS Operation

TAWS Symbols

The symbols and colors in the following figure and

table are used to represent obstacles and potential impact

points on the TAWS Page. TAWS uses yellow (caution)

and red (warning) to depict terrain information relative

to aircraft altitude. Each color is associated with an alert

severity level. Terrain graphics and visual annunciations

also use these color assignments.

Note that obstacle symbols are shown on display

zoomrangesupto10NM.

Potential Impact Point

Unlighted Obstacle

Projected Flight Path

1000 ft

100 ft Threshold

Terrain more than 1000 ft below the aircraft altitude (Black)

Terrain between 100 ft and 1000 ft below the

aircraft altitude (Yellow)

Terrain above or

within 100 ft

below the aircraft

altitude (Red)

Terrain Altitude/Color Correlation for Terrain Proximity

Unlighted Obstacle Lighted Obstacle Potential

Impact

Points

Terrain

Color Terrain/Obstacle Location Alert Level

< 1000 ft

AGL

> 1000 ft

AGL

< 1000 ft

AGL

> 1000 ft

AGL

Obstacle Symbol

Red

Terrain/Obstacle at or within

100 ft below current aircraft

altitude

WARNING

(Red)

Yellow

Terrain/Obstacle between

100 ft and 1000 ft below

current aircraft altitude

CAUTION

(Yellow)

TAWS Terrain/Obstacle Colors and Symbology

NOTE: If an obstacle and the projected flight

path of the aircraft intersect, the display auto-

matically zooms in to the closest potential point

of impact on the TERRAIN Page.

190-00356-30 Rev F

36

Part Three: Section 2

TAWS Operation

General Database Information

Garmin TAWS uses terrain and obstacle informa-

tion supplied by government sources. The data under-

goes verification by Garmin to confirm accuracy of

thecontent,perTSO-C151b.However, the displayed

information should never be understood as being

all-inclusive. Pilots must familiarize themselves

with the appropriate charts for safe flight.

NOTE: The data contained in the terrain and obstacle

databases comes from government agencies. Garmin accu-

rately processes and cross-validates the data, but cannot

guarantee the accuracy and completeness of the data.

The terrain/obstacle databases are contained on a

datacard which is inserted in the right-most slot of the

400W/500WSeriesunits.

Database Versions

The version and area of coverage of each ter-

rain/obstacledatabaseisshownontheTerrainData-

baseVersionsPage,locatedintheAUXPageGroup.

Databasesarecheckedforintegrityatpower-up.Ifa

database is found to be missing and/or deficient, the

TAWS system fails the self-test and displays the TAWS

system failure message.

Terrain Database Information

190-00356-30 Rev F

37

Part Three: Section 2

TAWS Operation

Database Updates

Terrain/obstacle databases are updated periodi-

cally with the latest terrain and obstacle data. Visit the

Garminwebsitetocheckfornewerversionsofterrain/

obstacle databases. Compare database cycle numbers

to determine if a newer version is available.

The database update process includes either

reprogramming or replacing the database card and

inserting the updated card in the right card slot on the

unit front panel. The terrain/obstacle database may

be downloaded via the internet and the card repro-

grammedusingaUSBprogrammeravailablefrom

Garmin.ContactGarminat800-800-1020orat

www.garmin.com for more information.

To update your terrain/obstacle databases:

1. Acquire a new terrain data card from

Garmin.

2. Turn off the power to the 500W Series unit.

3. Remove the old terrain data card and insert the

new card into the right-most slot of the 500W

Series unit.

4. Turn on the 500W Series unit and verify that

the TAWS system passes self-test.

Terrain/Obstacle Database Areas of Coverage

The following describes the area of coverage avail-

ableineachdatabase.Regionaldenitionsmaychange

without notice.

Database Coverage Area

Worldwide (WW) Latitudes: N75° to S60°

Longitudes: W180° to E180°

United States (US)

Limited to the United States plus

some areas of Canada, Mexico,

Caribbean, and the Pacific.

US/Europe

Alaska, Austria, Belgium, Canada*,

Caribbean*, Czech Republic,

Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,

Germany, Greece, Hawaii, Iceland,

Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,

Mexico*, Netherlands, Norway,

Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain,

Sweden, Switzerland, United

Kingdom, United States

* Indicates partial coverage

NOTE: Obstacles 200 feet and higher are included in

the Obstacle Database. It is very important to note that

not all obstacles are necessarily charted and therefore

may not be contained in the Obstacle Database.

190-00356-30 Rev F

38

Part Three: Section 2

TAWS Alerts

Section 3: TAWS Alerts

Alerts are issued when flight conditions meet

parameters that are set within TAWS software

algorithms. TAWS alerts typically employ either a

CAUTION or a WARNING alert severity level, or

both. When an alert is issued, visual annunciations

are displayed. Aural alerts are simultaneously issued.

Annunciations appear in a dedicated field in the lower

left corner of the display.

TAWS Annunciation Field

TAWS Annunciation Field

Annunciations are color-coded according to the

TAWS Alert Summary table. Pop-up terrain alerts can

also appear during an alert, but only when the TAWS

Page is not displayed. There are two options when

an alert is displayed:

To acknowledge the pop-up alert and return to

the currently viewed page:

Press the CLR button.

To acknowledge the pop-up alert and quickly

access the TAWS Page:

Press the ENT button.

NOTE: To further capture the attention of the pilot,

TAWS issues aural (voice) messages that accompany

visual annunciations and pop-up alerts. Some aural

messages are configurable during installation of the

system. For a summary of aural messages, see the

TAWS Alert Summary table in Appendix A.

NOTE: TAWS Caution Alerts are displayed as constant

black text on a yellow background; TAWS Warning

Alerts are displayed as constant white text on a red

background.

Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance

The unit will issue terrain alerts not only when the

aircraft altitude is below the terrain elevation but

alsowhentheaircraftisprojectedtocomewithin

minimum clearance values of the terrain. This

alerting,calledForwardLookingTerrainAvoidance

(FLTA),isalsoprovidedforobstacles.Anypotential

impact points are depicted on the display. There

are2levelsofseverityforFLTAalerts.Theyare

cautionary (amber) and warning (red) in nature and

are described in further detail below.

CAUTION—Estimated potential impact in approximately 30

seconds after pop-up alert and annunciation. FLTA caution

alerts are accompanied by the aural message “Caution Ter-

rain; Caution Terrain” OR “Terrain Ahead; Terrain Ahead”.

Similarly, a “Caution Obstacle; Caution Obstacle” or “Obstacle

Ahead; Obstacle Ahead” alert is also provided.

190-00356-30 Rev F

39

Part Three: Section 3

TAWS Alerts

WARNING— Estimated potential impact in approximately 15

seconds after alert and annunciation. FLTA warning alerts are

accompanied by the aural message “Terrain, Terrain; Pull

Up, Pull Up” or “Terrain Ahead, Pull Up; Terrain Ahead, Pull

Up”. Similarly, a “Obstacle, Obstacle; Pull Up, Pull Up” or

“Obstacle Ahead, Pull Up; Obstacle Ahead, Pull Up” alert is

also provided.

Phase of Flight Level Flight Descending

En Route 700 ft. 500 ft.

Terminal 350 ft. 300 ft.

Approach 150 ft. 100 ft.

Departure 100 ft. 100 ft.

Minimum TERRAIN Clearance Values for FLTA Alerts

NOTE: During the final approach phase of flight, FLTA

alerts are automatically inhibited when the aircraft

is below 200 feet AGL while within 0.5 NM of the

approach runway or is below 125 feet AGL while

within 1.0 NM of the runway.

Premature Descent Alerting (PDA)

TheTAWSsystemissuesaPrematureDescent

Alert(PDA)whenthesystemdetectsthattheaircraft

is significantly below the normal approach path to a

runway.PDAbeginswhentheaircraftiswithin15NM

of the destination airport.

PDA ends when the aircraft is either:

• 0.5 NM from the runway threshold

OR

• is below an altitude of 125 feet AGL while within

1.0 NM of the threshold.















(EIGHT!BOVE4ERRAIN&EET

$ISTANCE&ROM$ESTINATION!IRPORTNM

               

0$!!LERTING!REA0$!!LERTING!REA

2UNWAY

4HRESHOLD

CAUTION — The above annunciation and pop-up

terrain alert are displayed during a PDA alert. For

TAWS, the PDA alert is accompanied by the aural

message “Too Low, Terrain”.

190-00356-30 Rev F

40

Part Three: Section 3

TAWS Alerts

Excessive Descent Rate Alert (EDR)

ThepurposeoftheExcessiveDescentRatealert

is to provide suitable notification when the aircraft is

determined to be closing (descending) upon terrain

atanexcessivespeed.Theparametersforthealertas

denedbyTSO-C151bareshownintheDescentRate

graph.



























   

"PULL UP""PULL UP"

"SINK RATE"

$ESCENT2ATE

Height Above Terrain (Feet)

Excessive Descent Rate Graph

Excessive Descent Rate Severity Levels

CAUTION—The annunciation and pop-up terrain

alert are accompanied by the aural message “Sink

Rate”.

WARNING—The annunciation and pop-up terrain

alert are accompanied by the aural message “Pull

Up”.

190-00356-30 Rev F

41

Part Three: Section 3

TAWS Alerts

Negative Climb Rate After Takeoff Alert (NCR)

ThepurposeoftheNegativeClimbRateAfter

Takeoffalert(alsoreferredtoas“AltitudeLossAfter

Takeoff”)istoprovidesuitablealertstothepilot

when the system determines that the aircraft is losing

altitude(closinguponterrain)aftertakeoff.The

auralmessage“Don’tSink”isgivenforNCRalerts,

accompanied by an annunciation and a pop-up terrain

alert on the display.

NCR alerting is only active when departing from an

airport and when the following conditions are met:

• The height above the terrain is less than 700 feet

• The distance from the departure airport is 2 NM or

less

• The heading change from the heading at the time of

departure is less than 110 degrees

TheNCRalertingparametersasdenedbyTSO-

C151bareshownintheNegativeClimbRateAlert

Criteriaguresbelow.TheNCRalertisissuedwhen

the altitude loss and height are within the range in the

rstgure,orwhenthesinkrate(negativevertical

speed) and height are within the range in the second

figure.











(EIGHT!BOVE4ERRAIN&EET

!LTITUDE,OSS&EET

              

h$/.43).+vh$/.43).+v

Negative Climb Rate (NCR) Alert Criteria





















(EIGHT!BOVE4ERRAIN&EET

3INK2ATE&EET0ER-INUTE



h$/.43).+vh$/.43).+v

      

190-00356-30 Rev F

42

Part Three: Section 3

TAWS Alerts

“Five-Hundred” Aural Alert

The purpose of the aural alert message “Five-Hun-

dred” is to provide an advisory alert to the pilot that

the aircraft is five-hundred feet above terrain. When

theaircraftdescendswithin500feetofterrain,the

aural message “Five-hundred” is generated. There are no

display annunciations or pop-up alerts that accompany

the aural message.

TAWS Not Available Alert

GarminTAWSrequiresa3-DGPSnavigationsolu-

tion along with specific vertical accuracy minimums.

Should the navigation solution become degraded, or if

the aircraft is out of the database coverage area, the an-

nunciation“TERN/A”isgeneratedintheannunciation

window. When the GPS signal is re-established and the

aircraftiswithinthedatabasecoveragearea,the“TER

N/A”annunciationisremoved.

“TERRAIN NOT AVAILABLE” Display

TAWS Failure Alert

TAWS continually monitors several system-critical

items, such as database validity, hardware status, and

GPS status. If the terrain/obstacle database is not avail-

able, the aural message “TAWS System Failure” is issued

alongwiththe“TERFAIL”annunciation.

Figure 13-11: TAWS FAILED Display

TAWS Alert Summary

The aural alert voice gender is configurable to be

either male or female. Also, there are different alert

textphrasesavailableforseveralofthealerts,asshown

below. See your Garmin installer for further informa-

tion on configuring the alert system.

190-00356-30 Rev F

43

Part Three: Section 3

TAWS Alerts

TAWS Alerts Summary

TAWS

Annunciation Pop-Up Alert Aural Message Description

None “TAWS System Failure” TAWS has failed

None None TERRAIN has been inhibited by flight crew

None “Terrain Not Available” TAWS not available

“Sink Rate” Excessive Descent Rate Caution

“Pull Up” Excessive Descent Rate Warning

or

“Caution, Terrain; Caution, Terrain”

or

“Terrain Ahead; Terrain Ahead”

Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance

Caution for Terrain

or

“Terrain, Terrain; Pull Up, Pull Up”

or

“Terrain Ahead, Pull Up; Terrain Ahead, Pull Up”

Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance

Warning for Terrain

“Obstacle Ahead; Obstacle Ahead”

or

“Caution, Obstacle; Caution, Obstacle”

Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance

Caution for Obstacle

or

“Obstacle, Obstacle; Pull Up, Pull Up”

or

“Obstacle Ahead, Pull Up; Obstacle Ahead, Pull

Up”

Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance

Warning for Obstacle

“Too Low, Terrain” Premature Descent Alert Caution

or

“Don’t Sink”

or

“Too Low, Terrain”

Negative Climb Rate Caution

None None “Five-Hundred” 500 ft. AGL Altitude Callout

NOTE: TAWS Caution Alerts

are displayed as constant black text on a yellow background; TAWS Warning Alerts are displayed as

constant white text on a red background.

190-00356-30 Rev F

44

Part Three: Section 3

TAWS Alerts

Pilot Actions

If a TAWS warning and associated aural are received, the pilot should immediately respond to the aural and

pullupwithmaximumpowerandclimbrateunlesstheterrainorobstacleisclearlyidentiedvisuallyanddeter-

minedtonotbeasafetyofightfactor.ReferenceFAR91.223.

TAWS Caution indicates terrain or obstacle nearby. If possible visually locate the terrain or obstacle for avoid-

ance. A TAWS warning may follow a TAWS caution unless the aircraft’s path towards the terrain or obstacle is

changed.

NOTE: Display of terrain and obstacles on the display is supplemental data only. Maneuvering solely by reference to the ter-

rain and obstacle data is not recommended or authorized.

190-00356-30 Rev F

©2009GarminLtd.oritssubsidiaries

Garmin International, Inc.

1200East151stStreet,Olathe,Kansas66062,U.S.A.

Garmin AT, Inc.

2345TurnerRd.,S.E.,Salem,Oregon97302,U.S.A.

Garmin(Europe)Ltd.

LibertyHouse,BullsCopseRoad,HounsdownBusinessPark,

Southhampton,SO409RB,U.K.

Garmin Corporation

No.68,Jangshu2ndRoad,Shijr,TaipeiCounty,Taiwan

www.garmin.com

PartNumber:190-00356-30RevisionF