Hewlett Packard Enterprise WL553 OfficeConnect ADSL Wireless 11g Firewall Router User Manual supergerry
Hewlett-Packard Company OfficeConnect ADSL Wireless 11g Firewall Router supergerry
Manual
http://www.3com.com/
Published March 2006
OfficeConnect®
ADSL Wireless 108Mbps 11g Firewall Router
User Guide
Model WL-553
3CRWDR200A-75
3CRWDR200B-75
3Com Corporation
350 Campus Drive
Marlborough, MA
USA 01752-3064
Copyright © 2006, 3Com Corporation. All rights reserved. No part of this documentation may be reproduced in any
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without written permission from 3Com Corporation.
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a copy will be provided to you.
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If you are a United States government agency, then this documentation and the software described herein are
provided to you subject to the following:
All technical data and computer software are commercial in nature and developed solely at private expense. Software
is delivered as “Commercial Computer Software” as defined in DFARS 252.227-7014 (June 1995) or as a
“commercial item” as defined in FAR 2.101(a) and as such is provided with only such rights as are provided in
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3Com, OfficeConnect and the 3Com logo are registered trademarks of 3Com Corporation.
Intel and Pentium are registered trademarks of Intel Corporation. Microsoft, MS-DOS, Windows, and Windows NT
are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. Novell and NetWare are registered trademarks of Novell, Inc.
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CONTENTS
ABOUT THIS GUIDE
Naming Convention 7
Conventions 8
Feedback about this User Guide 8
Related Documentation 9
1INTRODUCING THE FIREWALL ROUTER
OfficeConnect ADSL Wireless 108Mbps 11g Firewall Router 11
Firewall Router Advantages 13
Package Contents 13
Minimum System and Component Requirements 15
Front Panel 15
Rear Panel 17
2HARDWARE INSTALLATION
Introduction 19
Safety Information 19
Positioning the Router 19
Using the Rubber Feet 20
Stacking the Router 20
Wall Mounting 20
Before you Install your Router 21
Powering Up the Router 22
Connecting the Router 22
3SETTING UP YOUR COMPUTERS
Obtaining an IP Address Automatically 25
Windows 2000 25
Windows XP 27
Windows 95/98/ME 27
Macintosh 27
Disabling PPPoE and PPTP Client Software 28
Disabling Web Proxy 28
4RUNNING THE SETUP WIZARD
Accessing the Wizard 29
Password 32
Time Zone 33
ATM PVC Configuration 33
IGMP 34
Connection Mode 34
LAN Settings 38
Wireless Settings 40
Summary 41
5ROUTER CONFIGURATION
Navigating Through the Router Configuration Pages 43
Main Menu 43
Option Tabs 44
Welcome Screen 44
Notice Board 45
Password 45
Wizard 46
LAN Settings 47
Unit Configuration 47
DHCP Lease Table 48
Wireless Settings 48
Configuration 49
Encryption 51
Configuring WPA/WPA2 Encryption 52
Configuring WEP Encryption 54
WMM 56
Connection Control 57
Advanced Wireless Settings 58
Internet Settings 59
Firewall 59
Virtual Servers 59
Special Applications 61
Virtual DMZ 62
SPI 63
Internet Access Policy 64
Content Filter 66
System Tools 67
Restart 67
Time Zone 68
Configuration 68
Upgrade 69
Advanced 70
Routing 70
Static Route 71
RIP 71
DNS 73
DDNS 73
DSL 75
IPSec 75
Proxy ARP 76
ALG 77
Management 77
Syslog 78
SNMP 79
Trusted Station 80
Remote Management 81
Diagnostics 82
Device Info 82
Summary 82
WAN 83
Statistics 83
Route 84
ARP 84
Support/Feedback 85
Support 85
Feedback 86
6TROUBLESHOOTING
Basic Connection Checks 87
Browsing to the Router Configuration 87
Connecting to the Internet 88
Forgotten Password and Reset to Factory Defaults 89
Wireless Networking 89
Replacement Power Adapters 92
Alert LED 92
Recovering from Corrupted Software 93
Frequently Asked Questions 94
AUSING DISCOVERY
Running the Discovery Application 97
Windows Installation (95/98/2000/Me/NT) 97
BIP ADDRESSING
The Internet Protocol Suite 99
Managing the Router over the Network 99
IP Addresses and Subnet Masks 99
How does a Device Obtain an IP Address and Subnet Mask? 101
DHCP Addressing 101
Static Addressing 101
Auto-IP Addressing 101
ABOUT THIS GUIDE
This guide describes how to install and configure the OfficeConnect ADSL
Wireless 108Mbps 11g Firewall Router (3CRWDR200A-75 and
3CRWDR200B-75).
This guide is intended for use by those responsible for installing and setting up
network equipment; consequently, it assumes a basic working knowledge of
LANs (Local Area Networks) and Internet Router systems.
If a release note is shipped with the OfficeConnect ADSL Wireless 108Mbps
11g Firewall Router and contains information that differs from the
information in this guide, follow the information in the release note.
Most user guides and release notes are available in Adobe Acrobat Reader
Portable Document Format (PDF) on the 3Com World Wide Web site:
http://www.3com.com
Naming Convention Throughout this guide, the OfficeConnect ADSL Wireless 108Mbps 11g
Firewall Router is referred to as the “Router”.
Category 3 and Category 5 Twisted Pair Cables are referred to as Twisted Pair
Cables throughout this guide.
8ABOUT THIS GUIDE
Conventions Table 1 and Table 2 list conventions that are used throughout this guide.
Feedback about this
User Guide Your suggestions are very important to us. They will help make our
documentation more useful to you. Please e-mail comments about this
document to 3Com at:
pddtechpubs_comments@3com.com
Please include the following information when commenting:
Document title
Document product number (on the title page)
Table 1 Notice Icons
Icon Notice Type Description
Information note Information that describes important features or
instructions.
Caution Information that alerts you to potential loss of data or
potential damage to an application, system, or device.
Warning Information that alerts you to potential personal injury.
Table 2 Text Conventions
Convention Description
The words “enter”
and “type” When you see the word “enter” in this guide, you must type
something, and then press Return or Enter. Do not press Return or
Enter when an instruction simply says “type.”
Keyboard key names If you must press two or more keys simultaneously, the key
names are linked with a plus sign (+). Example:
Press Ctrl+Alt+Del
Words in italics Italics are used to:
Emphasize a point.
Denote a new term at the place where it is defined in the text.
Identify menu names, menu commands, and software button
names. Examples:
From the Help menu, select Contents.
Click OK.
Conventions 9
Page number (if appropriate)
Example:
OfficeConnect ADSL Wireless 108Mbps 11g Firewall Router User Guide
Product Number 3CRWDR200A-75
Page 24
Do not use this e-mail address for technical support questions. For
information about contacting Technical Support, please refer to the Support
and Safety Information sheet.
Related Documentation In addition to this guide, each Router document set includes one Installation
Guide. This guide contains the instructions you need to install and configure
your Router.
10 ABOUT THIS GUIDE
1INTRODUCING THE FIREWALL
ROUTER
Welcome to the world of networking with 3Com®. In the modern business
environment, communication and sharing information is crucial. Computer
networks have proved to be one of the fastest modes of communication but,
until recently, only large businesses could afford the networking advantage.
The OfficeConnect® product range from 3Com has changed all this, bringing
networks to the small office.
The products that compose the OfficeConnect range give you, the small office
user, the same power, flexibility, and protection that has been available only to
large corporations. Now, you can network the computers in your office,
connect them all to a single Internet outlet, and harness the combined power
of all of your computers.
OfficeConnect ADSL
Wireless 108Mbps
11g Firewall Router
The OfficeConnect ADSL Wireless 108Mbps 11g Firewall Router is designed
to provide a cost-effective means of sharing a single broadband Internet
connection amongst several wired and wireless computers. The Router also
provides internet services with standardized mechanism; namely, NAT and
IPSec, etc. Thus, it further prevents anyone outside of your network from
seeing your files or damaging your computers. The Router also gives you
many administrative features such as scheduled internet access policies, web
content filter, and intrusion detections.
Figure 1 shows an example network without a Router. In this network, only
one computer is connected to the Internet. This computer must always be
powered on for the other computers on the network to access the Internet.
12 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCING THE FIREWALL ROUTER
Figure 1 Example Network Without a Firewall Router
When you use the Firewall Router in your network (Figure 2), it becomes
your connection to the Internet. Connections can be made directly to the
Router, or to an OfficeConnect Switch or Hub, expanding the number of
computers you can have in your network.
Figure 2 Example Network Using a ADSL Wireless 108Mbps 11g Firewall Router
Firewall Router Advantages 13
Firewall Router
Advantages The advantages of the Firewall ADSL Wireless 108Mbps 11g Firewall Router
include:
Shared Internet connection for both wired and wireless computers
High speed 802.11g wireless networking
No need for a dedicated, “always on” computer serving as your Internet
connection
Cross-platform operation for compatibility with Windows, Unix and
Macintosh computers
Easy-to-use, Web-based setup and configuration
Provides centralization of all network address settings (DHCP)
Acts as a Virtual server to enable remote access to Web, FTP, and other
services on your network
Security — Firewall protection against Internet hacker attacks and
encryption to protect wireless network traffic
Filtered access of inappropriate Web sites using the built-in URL filter
Internet Access Policy, to schedule your Internet Access rules with options
in keywords and applications blocking
Wireless Multimedia, to maximize the quality of your internet service with
traffic prioritization
Package Contents The Firewall Router kit includes the following items:
One OfficeConnect ADSL Wireless 108Mbps 11g Firewall Router
One power adapter for use with the Firewall Router
Four rubber feet
One Ethernet cable
14 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCING THE FIREWALL ROUTER
One CD-ROM containing the Firewall Router Discovery program and this
User Guide
Installation Guide
One Support and Safety Information Sheet
One Warranty Flyer
If any of these items are missing or damaged, please contact your retailer.
Minimum System and Component Requirements 15
Minimum System and
Component
Requirements
Your Router requires that the computer(s) and components in your network be
configured with at least the following:
A computer with an operating system that supports TCP/IP networking
protocols (for example Windows 95/98/NT/Me/2000/XP, Unix, Mac OS 8.5
or higher).
An Ethernet 10Mbps or 10/100 Mbps NIC for each computer to be
connected to the four-port switch on your Router.
An 802.11b or 802.11g wireless NIC.
A cable modem or DSL modem with an Ethernet port (RJ-45 connector).
An active Internet access account.
A Web browser that supports JavaScript, such as Netscape 4.7 or higher,
Internet Explorer 5.0 or higher, or Mozilla 1.2.1 or higher.
Front Panel The front panel of the Router contains a series of indicator lights (LEDs) that
help describe the status of various networking and connection operations.
Figure 3 Router - Front Panel
1 Alert LED
Orange
Indicates a number of different conditions, as described below.
Off - The Router is operating normally.
Flashing quickly - Indicates one of the following conditions:
The Router has just been started up and is running a self-test routine, or
4
12 3 5
16 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCING THE FIREWALL ROUTER
The administrator has invoked the Reset to Factory Defaults command, or
The system software is in the process of being upgraded
In each of these cases, wait until the Router has completed the current
operation and the alert LED is Off.
Flashing slowly - The Router has completed the Reset to Factory Defaults
process, and is waiting for you to reset the unit. To do this, remove power,
wait 10 seconds and then re-apply power. The Router will then enter the
start-up sequence and resume normal operation.
If you have used a cable to reset the unit to Factory Defaults, See "Reset to
Factory Default" on page 69.
On for 2 seconds, and then off - The Router has detected and prevented a
hacker from attacking your network from the Internet.
Continuously on - A fault has been detected with your Router during the
start-up process. Refer to Chapter 6 “Troubleshooting”.
2Power LED
Green
Indicates that the Router is powered on.
3 Wireless LAN (WLAN) Status LED
Yellow
If the LED is on it indicates that wireless networking is enabled. If the LED is
flashing, data is being transmitted or received. If the LED is off, the Wireless
LAN has been disabled in the Router, or there is a problem. Refer to
Chapter 6“Troubleshooting”.
4 Four LAN Status LEDs
Green (100 Mbps link) / yellow (10 Mbps link)
If the LED is on, the link between the port and the next piece of network
equipment is OK. If the LED is flashing, the link is OK and data is being
transmitted or received. If the LED is off, nothing is connected, the connected
device is switched off, or there is a problem with the connection (refer to
Chapter 6 “Troubleshooting”). The port will automatically adjust to the
correct speed and duplex.
5 Cable/DSL Status LED
Rear Panel 17
Green (100 Mbps link) / yellow (10 Mbps link)
If the LED is on, the link between the Router and the cable or DSL modem is
OK. If the LED is flashing, the link is OK and data is being transmitted or
received. If the LED is off, nothing is connected, the modem is switched off or
there is a problem (refer to Chapter 6 “Troubleshooting”).
Rear Panel The rear panel (Figure 4) of the Router contains four LAN ports, one Ethernet
Cable/DSL port, a power adapter OK LED, and a power adapter socket.
Figure 4 Router - Rear Panel
6 Wireless Antennae
The antennae on the product should be placed in a ‘V’ position when initially
installed.
CAUTION: Do not force the antennae beyond their mechanical stops.
Rotating the antennae further may cause damage.
7ADSL port
Using the RJ11 cable provided, you should connect your Router to the
telephone socket via a splitter.
8 Power Adapter Socket
Only use the power adapter supplied with this Router. Do not use any other
adapter.
9 Power Adapter OK LED
Green
Indicates that the power adapter is supplying power to the Router. If the LED
is off, there may be a problem with the power adapter or adapter cable.
6
789
10
11
18 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCING THE FIREWALL ROUTER
10 Reset Button
Press this button for resetting your Router to factory default.
11 Four 10/100 LAN ports
Using suitable RJ-45 cable, you can connect your Router to a computer, or to
any other piece of equipment that has an Ethernet connection (for example, a
hub or a switch). The LAN ports will automatically set themselves to MDI or
MDIX depending on the device to which they are connected and the type of
cable used.
2HARDWARE INSTALLATION
Introduction This chapter will guide you through a basic installation of the Router,
including:
Connecting the Router to the Internet.
Connecting the Router to your network.
Setting up your computers for networking with the Router.
Safety Information
WARNING: Please read the Router section in Appendix C before you start.
VORSICHT: Bitte lesen Sie den Abschnitt “Wichtige Sicherheitshinweise”
sorgfältig durch, bevor Sie das Gerät einschalten.
AVERTISSEMENT: Veuillez lire attentivement la section “Consignes
importantes de sécurité” avant de mettre en route.
Positioning the
Router You should place the Router in a location that:
is conveniently located for connection to the cable or DSL modem that
will be used to connect to the Internet.
is centrally located to the wireless computers that will connect to the
Router. A suitable location might be on top of a high shelf or similar furniture
to optimize wireless connections to computers in both horizontal and vertical
directions, allowing wider coverage.
allows convenient connection to the computers that will be connected to
the four LAN ports on the rear panel, if desired.
20 CHAPTER 2: HARDWARE INSTALLATION
allows easy viewing of the front panel LED indicator lights, and access to
the rear panel connectors, if necessary.
When positioning your Router, ensure:
It is out of direct sunlight and away from sources of heat.
Cabling is away from power lines, fluorescent lighting fixtures, and
sources of electrical noise such as radios, transmitters and broadband
amplifiers.
Water or moisture cannot enter the case of the unit.
Air flow around the unit and through the vents in the side of the case is not
restricted. 3Com recommends you provide a minimum of 25 mm (1 in.)
clearance.
Using the Rubber Feet Use the four self-adhesive rubber feet to prevent your Router from moving
around on your desk or when stacking with other flat top OfficeConnect units.
Only stick the feet to the marked areas at each corner of the underside of your
Router.
Stacking the Router If you are stacking your Router with other OfficeConnect units, install the
Router at the top of the stack. Refer to the documentation supplied with your
other OfficeConnect unit for details on using the stacking clip.
A stacking clip is not supplied with the Router. Use the stacking clip supplied
with another stackable OfficeConnect unit.
Wall Mounting There are two slots on the underside of the Router that can be used for wall
mounting.
When wall mounting the unit, ensure that it is within reach of the power outlet.
You will need two suitable screws to wall mount the unit. To do this:
1Ensure that the wall you use is smooth, flat, dry and sturdy and make two
screw holes which are 150 mm (5.9 in.) apart.
2Fix the screws into the wall, leaving their heads 3 mm (0.12 in.) clear of the
wall surface.
Before you Install your Router 21
3Remove any connections to the unit and locate it over the screw heads. When
in line, gently push the unit on to the wall and move it downwards to secure.
When making connections, be careful not to push the unit up and off the
wall.Router
CAUTION: Only wall mount single units, do not wall mount stacked units.
Before you Install
your Router Before you install and configure your Router, you need the following
additional information. If you do not have this information, contact your
Internet Service Provider (ISP). Space is provided below for you to record this
information.
If you have a DSL connection and your ISP allocates IP information
dynamically, you need a User Name and Password:
You only need a PPPoE Service Name if your ISP requires one. Do not enter
anything if your ISP does not require this information.
You should leave the Authentication Method as its default: Auto if your ISP
doesn’t specify this parameter.
User Name : ______________________
Password : ______________________
Service Name : ______________________
Authentication Method : ______________________
22 CHAPTER 2: HARDWARE INSTALLATION
If your ISP allocates fixed or static IP information, you need the following
information:
If your ISP allocates IP information dynamically over a protocol other than
PPPoE, you do not need any further information. This configuration is typical
of cable connections.
Powering Up the
Router To power up the Router:
1Plug the power adapter into the power adapter socket located on the back
panel of the Router.
2Plug the power adapter into a standard electrical wall socket.
Connecting the
Router The first step for installing your Router is to physically connect it to a RJ11
cable with the splitter and then connect the Router to a computer in order to be
able to access the Internet. See Figure 5:
IP Address : ____.____.____.____
Subnet Mask : ____.____.____.____
Default Router address : ____.____.____.____
DNS address : ____.____.____.____
Connecting the Router 23
Figure 5 Connecting the Router
To use your Router to connect to the Internet through an DSL connection:
1Insert one end of the supplied telephone (RJ-11) cable into the Cable/DSL
port on the rear panel of the Router. Check that the DSL Sync status LED
lights on the Router.
2Connect your computer to one of the four LAN ports on the Router using a
Category 5 twisted pair cable. Check that the corresponding LAN status LED
on the Router lights.
You have now completed the hardware installation of your Router. Next you
need to set up your computers so that they can make use of the Router to
communicate with the Internet.
3Com recommends that you perform the initial Router configuration from a
computer that is directly connected to one of the LAN ports.
If you configure the Router from a wireless computer, note that you may lose
contact with the Router if you change the wireless configuration.
To communicate wirelessly with your Router, your wireless NIC should be set
as follows:
Encryption — none
Joufsofu
Power
Supply Unit
Zpvs!QD
Xjsfmftt!
Vtfst
POWEROKCable/DSL4321LAN
12VDC
1.25AMAX
Telephone
socket
24 CHAPTER 2: HARDWARE INSTALLATION
Service Area Name/SSID — 3Com
Channel — 11
3SETTING UP YOUR COMPUTERS
The Router has the ability to dynamically allocate network addresses to the
computers on your network, using DHCP. However, your computers need to
be configured correctly for this to take place. To change the configuration of
your computers to allow this, follow the instructions in this chapter. If your
computers are configured with fixed or static addresses and you do not wish to
change this, then you should use the Discovery program on the Router
CD-ROM to detect and configure your Router. Refer to Appendix A for
information on using the Discovery program.
Obtaining an IP
Address
Automatically
Refer to the section below which relates to your operating system for details
on how to obtain an IP address automatically.
Windows 2000 If you are using a Windows 2000-based computer, use the following
procedure to change your TCP/IP settings:
1From the Windows Start Menu, select Settings > Control Panel.
2Double click on Network and Dial-Up Connections.
3Double click on Local Area Connection.
4Click on Properties.
5A screen similar to Figure 6 should be displayed. Select Internet Protocol
TCP/IP and click on Properties.
26 CHAPTER 3: SETTING UP YOUR COMPUTERS
Figure 6 Local Area Properties Screen
6Ensure that the options Obtain an IP Address automatically, and Obtain DNS
server address automatically are both selected as shown in Figure 7. Click
OK.
Figure 7 Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties Screen
7Restart your computer.
Obtaining an IP Address Automatically 27
Windows XP If you are using a Windows XP computer, use the following procedure to
change your TCP/IP settings:
1From the Windows Start menu, select Control Panel.
2Click on Network and Internet Connections.
3Click on the Network Connections icon.
4Double click on LAN or High Speed Connection icon. A screen titled Local
Area Connection Status will appear.
5Select Internet Protocol TCP/IP and click on Properties.
6Ensure that the options Obtain an IP Address automatically, and Obtain DNS
servers automatically are both selected. Click OK.
7Restart your computer.
Windows 95/98/ME If you are using a Windows 95/98/ME computer, use the following procedure
to change your TCP/IP settings:
1From the Windows Start Menu, select Settings > Control Panel.
2Double click on Network. Select the TCP/IP item for your network card and
click on Properties.
3In the TCP/IP dialog, select the IP Address tab, and ensure that Obtain IP
address automatically is selected. Click OK.
Macintosh If you are using a Macintosh computer, use the following procedure to change
your TCP/IP settings:
1From the desktop, select Apple Menu, Control Panels, and TCP/IP.
2In the TCP/IP control panel, set Connect Via: to “Ethernet”.
3In the TCP/IP control panel, set Configure: to “Using DHCP Server.”
4Close the TCP/IP dialog box, and save your changes.
5Restart your computer.
28 CHAPTER 3: SETTING UP YOUR COMPUTERS
Disabling PPPoE and
PPTP Client Software If you have PPPoE or PPTP client software installed on your computer, you
will need to disable it. To do this:
1From the Windows Start menu, select Settings > Control Panel.
2Double click on Internet Options.
3Select the Connections Tab. A screen similar to Figure 8 should be displayed.
4Select the Never Dial a Connection option.
Figure 8 Internet Properties Screen
You may wish to remove the PPPoE client software from your computer to free
resources, as it is not required for use with the Router.
Disabling Web Proxy Ensure that you do not have a web proxy enabled on your computer.
Go to the Control Panel and click on Internet Options. Select the Connections
tab and click LAN Settings at the bottom. Make sure that the Use Proxy Server
option is unchecked.
4RUNNING THE SETUP WIZARD
Accessing the Wizard The Firewall Router setup program is Web-based, which means that it is
accessed through your Web browser (Netscape Navigator 4.7 or higher,
Internet Explorer 5.0 or higher, or Mozilla 1.2.1 or higher).
To use the Setup Wizard:
1Ensure that you have at least one computer connected to the Firewall Router.
Refer to Chapter 2 for details on how to do this.
2Launch your Web browser on the computer.
3Enter the following URL in the location or address field of your browser:
http://192.168.1.1 (Figure 9). The Login screen displays.
Figure 9 Web Browser Location Field (Factory Default)
4To log in as an administrator, enter the password (the default setting is
admin) in the System Password field and click Log in (Figure 10).
30 CHAPTER 4: RUNNING THE SETUP WIZARD
Figure 10 Firewall Router Login Screen
5If the password is correct, the Country Selection screen will appear. Select the
country you wish to configure the Firewall Router for, then click Apply.
(Figure 11)
If your purchased your Firewall Router in the United States, you do not see
this screen, as it is automatically set.
Figure 11 Country Selection Screen
Accessing the Wizard 31
6When you have selected a country either:
The Welcome screen will appear (Figure 12). Select the Wizard tab and
click Wizard.
or
If your Router has not been configured before, the Wizard will launch
automatically (refer to Figure 13).
7Click Next.
8You will be guided step by step through a basic setup procedure.
Figure 12 Welcome Screen
32 CHAPTER 4: RUNNING THE SETUP WIZARD
Figure 13 Wizard Screen
Password Figure 14 Change Administration Password Screen
When the Change Administration Password screen (Figure 14) appears, type
the Old Password, then a new password in both the New Password and
Confirm Password boxes.
3Com recommends entering a new password when setting up the Firewall
Router for the first time. The Firewall Router is shipped from the factory with
a default password, admin.
1. Password is case sensitive.
Accessing the Wizard 33
2. Write the new password down and keep it in a safe place, so that you can
change your settings in the future.
Click Next to display the Time Zone setup screen (Figure 15).
Time Zone Figure 15 Time Zone Screen
Select your time zone from the pull-down menu, check the daylight savings
option if required, and then click Next.
The Daylight Savings option advances the system clock by one hour. It does
not cause the system clock to be updated for daylight savings time
automatically.
ATM PVC
Configuration VPI stands for Virtual Path Identifier - contained in the ATM cell header to
designate the virtual path on the physical ATM link.
VCI stands for Virtual Channel Identifier - 16-bit field in the header of an
ATM cell. The VCI, together with the VPI, is used to identify the next
destination of a cell as it passes through a series of ATM switches on its way
to its destination.
You may select on DSL Auto-connect or enter the values for VPI and VCI.
Quality of Service
Select the type of QoS from the drop-down list:
UBR (Unspecified Bit Rate) with/without PCR (Peak Cell Rate): the UBR
service class is intended for delay-tolerant or non-real-time applications, for
example, those which do not require tightly constrained delay and delay
variation, such as traditional computer communications applications. The
34 CHAPTER 4: RUNNING THE SETUP WIZARD
UBR service may be considered as "best effort service". Peak cell rate
specifies the maximum cell rate at which the user will transmit.
CBR (constant bit rate): the CBR service class is intended for real-time
applications, for example, those requiring tightly constrained delay and delay
variation, such as voice and video applications. The consistent availability of a
fixed quantity of bandwidth is considered appropriate for CBR service.
VBR (Variable Bit Rate) is subdivided into a real time (RT) class and
non-real time (NRT) class. VBR (RT) is used for connections in which there is
a fixed timing relationship between samples. VBR (NRT) is used for
connections in which there is no fixed timing relationship between samples,
but that still need a guaranteed QoS. Typical VBR sources are compressed
voice and video. These applications require small delay variations.
Figure 16 The ATM Configuration screen
IGMP IGMP stands for Internet Group Management Protocol which is defined in
RFC 1112 as the standard for IP Multicast.
Select to enable IGMP multicast.
Select to enable WAN service and enter the service name to identify your
internet service.
Connection Mode Select an Internet Addressing mode from the following:
PPPoE/PPPoA is required (typically DSL users only) see page 35
IP over ATM (IPoA, using ATM networks as the underlying data link for
IP networks, defined by IETF RFC 1577) see page 37
Accessing the Wizard 35
MAC Encapsulation Routing (MER) see page 36
Bridging, see page 38
and click Next.
PPPoE/PPPoA Mode
Figure 17 PPPoE Screen
To setup the Firewall Router for use with a PPP over Ethernet (PPPoE) or PPP
over ATM (used mainly in UK) connection, use the following procedure:
1Enter your PPP over Ethernet/ATM user name in the PPPoE/PPPoA User
Name text box.
2Enter your PPP over Ethernet/ATM password in the PPPoE/PPPoA Password
text box.
3Enter your PPP over Ethernet/ATM service name in the PPPoE/PPPoA
Service Name text box.
Do not enter anything in this box if your ISP does not require a service name.
4Select PPP Authentication Method from the drop-down menu.
5Dial on Demand: Check the box to make a connection while in demand. Enter
the Inactivity
T
imeout to cut off the network connection if there is no activity
for this router.
36 CHAPTER 4: RUNNING THE SETUP WIZARD
6PPP IP extension: Check this box to invoke the PPP IP extension. Only one
user is allowed to access the web configurator at one time when this is
checked.
7Use Static IP Address: Check this box to enter the IP Address manually.
Check all of your settings, and then click Next.
Enable 802.1q
Check on this to enable this function. The 802.1q standard defines the VLAN
protocol which allows insertion of a 4-byte identifier into the ethernet frame
format to identify the VLAN to which the frame belongs. Configuring
VLANs helps control the size of the broadcast domain and keeps local traffic
local.You can configure the router to router traffic to the appropriate
destination VLAN. To specify a VLAN interface, enter the Vlan-id in the
field.
MER Mode
Figure 18 MER screen
MER mode is used in business environment where static IP address and
subnet are assigned by your ISP. Choose MER and click Next.
To setup the Firewall Router for use with a MER connection, use the
following procedure:
Obtain an IP address automatically: Click this button to make the system get
an IP address automatically.
Accessing the Wizard 37
Manually entering an IP address: To set WAN IP address by yourself.
1WAN IP Address: Enter the IP address for using in the WAN from your ISP.
2WAN Subnet Mask: Enter the WAN subnet mask.
3Default Gateway: Enter the default gateway for using in the WAN from your
ISP.
4Enter your primary DNS address in the Primary DNS Address text box.
5Enter your secondary DNS address in the Secondary DNS Address text box.
6Check all of your settings, and then click Next or back to go back to the
pervious screen.
7Configuring LAN setting: See “LAN Settings” in this section for more
information.
IPoA Mode
Figure 19 IPoA Mode Screen
To setup the Firewall Router for use with a IPoA connection, use the
following procedure:
1Enter the IP Address for WAN interface.
2Enter the Subnet Mask for WAN interface.
3Enter your Primary DNS Address and Secondary DNS address.
Your ISP may provide you with primary and secondary DNS addresses. If
they have been provided, enter the addresses in the appropriate text boxes. If
not, leave 0.0.0.0 in the boxes.
38 CHAPTER 4: RUNNING THE SETUP WIZARD
4Enable NAT: Check the Enable NAT to enable this function which will allow
more than one PC in the LAN to connect the internet.
5Click on Next to configure your LAN settings. See “LAN Settings” in this
section for more information.
Bridging Mode
Figure 20 Bridging Mode Screen
To set up the Firewall Router for use as a bridge in which the router is the
bridge between WAN and LAN, use the following procedure:
1Enter your the name for the bridging service.
2Enter the IP Address and Subnet Mask for the LAN. See “LAN Settings”
LAN Settings Figure 21 LAN IP Address Screen
Accessing the Wizard 39
This screen displays a suggested LAN IP address and subnet mask of the
Firewall Router. It also allows you to change the IP address and subnet mask.
1Primary IP Address: Enter the first IP Address for your LAN interface.
2Subnet Mask: Enter the Subnet Mask for your LAN interface.
3Enable DHCP server on the LAN: Check this box to enable the DHCP service
on the router. See “DHCP” in this section.
4Configure the second IP Address and Subnet Mask for the LAN interface:
Check this box to make another set of IP Address and Subnet Mask to connect
to your router if they are not included in the range of DHCP server.
5Enter the Secondary IP Address and Subnet Mask.
DHCP
The Firewall Router contains a Dynamic Host Configuration (DHCP) server
that can automatically configure the TCP/IP settings of every computer on
your network.
Figure 22 DHCP Server Setup Screen
To activate the DHCP Server option, select Enable the DHCP server with the
following settings: Enter the start and end IP Address of your DHCP range.
Enter the leased time in hour to specify the frequency for DHCP
assignment.Check the Enable DHCP Server Relay to forward the DHCP
request to another server. Enter the IP Address of the designated server.
40 CHAPTER 4: RUNNING THE SETUP WIZARD
Wireless Settings Figure 23 Wireless Configuration Screen
This screen displays the Channel and Service Area Name. It also allows you
to change these settings. There are a maximum of 14 channels, the number
available to you is dependent on the country you reside in. Selecting Clear
Channel Select from the Channel drop-down list allows the Firewall Router to
automatically select an available channel when first powered on.
The Service Area Name default for 3Com products is “3Com”. Up to 32 (case
sensitive) characters can be entered for the Service Area Name.
3Com strongly recommends that you change the SSID to something other
than the default.
Click Next when you have finished.
If you are configuring the Firewall Router from a wireless computer any
changes you make to the wireless configuration will result in communication
between the Firewall Router and your computer being lost. This is why 3Com
strongly recommends that you configure the Firewall Router from a wired
computer.
It is very important that you set up your wireless clients to use the same
Service Area Name or SSID as the one you use on this screen. If your clients
use a different Service Area Name then they will not be able to communicate
with the Firewall Router.
The choice of channel is less important as Clients will generally search all of
the available channels. You should however make a note of the channel you
select as this may be useful if you experience problems with your clients.
Accessing the Wizard 41
Summary Figure 24 Configuration Summary Screen
When you complete the Setup Wizard, a configuration summary will display.
3Com recommends that you verify the configuration information of the
Firewall Router and then print this page for your records. Click Finish to
display the Wizard completed screen, shown in Figure 25
42 CHAPTER 4: RUNNING THE SETUP WIZARD
Figure 25 Wizard Completed Screen
If you have made changes to the LAN Settings or wireless configuration
options, you may need to reconfigure the computer you are using in order to
make contact with the Firewall Router again.
Your Firewall Router is now configured and ready for use.
For information on improving your Wireless network security see "Wireless
Settings" on page 48.
See Chapter 5 for a detailed description of the Router configuration screens.
5ROUTER CONFIGURATION
Navigating Through
the Router
Configuration Pages
This chapter describes all the screens available through the Router
configuration pages, and is provided as a reference. To get to the configuration
pages, browse to the Router by entering the URL in the location bar of your
browser. The default URL is http://192.168.1.1 but if you changed the Router
LAN IP address during initial configuration, use the new IP address instead.
When you have browsed to the Router, log in using your system password
(default admin).
Main Menu At the left side of all screens is a main menu, as shown in Figure 26 on
page 45. When you click on a topic from the main menu, that page will appear
in the main part of the screen.
Welcome — displays the firmware version of the Router, allows you to
change your password, and launch the Wizard
LAN Settings — allows you to configure the LAN interface and view the
leased DHCP list.
Wireless Settings — enables /disables access from wireless computers,
configures WPA or WEP encryption, provides facilities for improving the
security of the wireless network, setup WMM parameters, Wireless mode
selection, and Advanced Wireless Settings.
Internet Settings — let you set up the WAN (Wide Area Network) ie. DSL
Moden connection.
Firewall — allows configuration of the Router’s firewall features: Virtual
Servers, Special Applications, DMZ Hosts, SPI options, Internet Access
Policy, and Content Filtering.
System Tools — allows the administrator to perform maintenance
activities on the Router.
44 CHAPTER 5: ROUTER CONFIGURATION
Advanced — allows you to monitor and configure the Router’s advanced
features, including LAN/WAN setup, DSL, RIP, DDNS, Print Server, IPSec,
Certificate, Proxy ARP, and ALG.
Management — displays the current status and activity logs of the Router,
SNMP enable/disable, Internet service enable/disable, and remote
management control.
Diagnostics — Testing the connection between your wired and wireless
device to your Router.
Device Info — Providing the configuration summary and statistics on your
LAN/WAN/ATM/ADSL connection.
Support/Feedback — contains a comprehensive online help system and
allows you to provide 3Com with feedback on your Router.
Option Tabs Each corresponding menu page may also provide sub-sections which are
accessed through the use of tabs (see Figure 26 for example). To access a
sub-section, simply click on the required tab.
Getting Help
On every screen, a Help button is available which provides access to the
context-sensitive online help system. Click Help for further assistance and
guidance relating to the current screen.
Welcome Screen The Welcome section allows you to view the Notice board and to change your
Password. You can also gain access to the Configuration Wizard. (See
“Accessing the Wizard” on page 29 for details).
Welcome Screen 45
Notice Board Figure 26 Notice Board Screen
The Notice Board is used to display the firmware version and configuration
warning messages. For example, you would be warned if you had disabled
wireless networking or wireless encryption.
Password Figure 27 Password Screen
46 CHAPTER 5: ROUTER CONFIGURATION
Changing the Administration Password
You can change the password to prevent unauthorized access to the
Administration System. To do this:
1Enter the current password in the Old Password field
2Enter the new password in the New Password field
3Enter the new password again in the Confirm Password field
4Click Save/Apply to save the new password
The password is case sensitive.
If you have forgotten your password you need to reset the Router. See "Reset to
Factory Default" on page 69.
Wizard Figure 28 Wizard Screen
Click WIZARD... to launch the configuration wizard. Refer to Chapter 4 for
information on how to run the wizard.
LAN Settings 47
LAN Settings
Unit Configuration Figure 29 LAN Setup Screen
This screen allows you to change the IP address and subnet mask.
1IP Address: Enter the IP Address for your LAN interface.
2Subnet Mask: Enter the Subnet Mask for your LAN interface.
3Enable IGMP Snooping:
4Enable DHCP server on the LAN: Check this box to enable the DHCP service
on the router.
The Firewall Router contains a Dynamic Host Configuration (DHCP) server
that can automatically configure the TCP/IP settings of every computer on
your network.
5Select Enable the DHCP server with the following settings: Enter the start
and end IP Address of your DHCP range. Enter the leased time in hours to
specify the frequency for DHCP assignment.
6Configure the second IP Address and Subnet Mask for the LAN interface:
Check this box to make another set of IP Address and Subnet Mask to connect
to your router if they are not included in the range of DHCP server.
7Enter the Secondary IP Address and Subnet Mask.
48 CHAPTER 5: ROUTER CONFIGURATION
DHCP Lease Table Figure 30 DHCP Lease Table Screen
The DHCP Lease table screen list the client’s name, MAC Address, IP
Address and Expiration time which reflects the value specified in DHCP
server setting in “Unit Configuration” on this chapter.
Wireless Settings The Wireless Settings menu provides options described in the following
sections.
To improve the security of your wireless network, 3Com recommends that you:
1. Change the SSID from its default value - see page 50
2. Enable Encryption - see page 51
3. Enable Connection Control - see page 57
Wireless Settings 49
Configuration Figure 31 Enabling Wireless Screen
Enable Wireless Networking
Use this check box to enable or disable the wireless section of your LAN.
When disabled, no wireless PCs can gain access to either the Internet or other
PCs on your Wired or Wireless LAN through this Router.
Wireless Mode
Select a mode from the drop-down list to configure your wireless networks.
The Router supports 11b, 11g, Super G, and Mixed 11b/11g which is the
default.
Channel Selection
Select a number from the drop-down list to specify which Channel the Router
will transmit and receive on. If another access point or Router nearby is using
the same Channel as you, there will be a reduction in the performance of your
network. If this seems to be the case, you should select a different channel
number. Usually the Wireless computers will scan to find the correct channel,
but if they don't you must configure them to use the same Channel number as
the Router.
Valid channels are country dependent. See “Channels” on page 119 for a list
of channels approved by each country.
50 CHAPTER 5: ROUTER CONFIGURATION
Service Area Name/SSID
This allows you to name your Wireless network. The Service Area Name/SSID
field will accept any alphanumeric string and has a maximum length of 32
characters. Your Wireless computers must be configured with exactly the
same name or you will not establish a connection. The Service Area Name
may also be referred to as “ESSID” depending on your networking vendor. By
default the Router uses the name “3Com”. 3Com recommends that you
change the default name.
In order that your wireless computers can connect to the Router, you must:
Use Infrastructure Mode, not Ad hoc Mode.
Have the same Service Area Name as the Router.
Have the same Channel number as the Router.
Use the same encryption type and keys as the Router.
Ensure that the PC is included in the authorized Wireless PCs list if
Connection Control is enabled. See page 57.
Enable Broadcast SSID
Disable this feature after you have installed your wireless network to improve
the security of your network. When the check box is checked, the Router will
broadcast the Service Area Name/SSID of your wireless network, which
reduces the security of your Router as it allows any wireless client to see your
wireless LAN.
If you have a wireless client that can detect all the available SSIDs in your
area, your client will not list the Router SSID unless this feature is enabled.
The clients will still be able to connect, provided that they are supplied with
the SSID.
3Com recommends that you install your wireless network with this feature
enabled and then disable it once you have set up the Router and wireless
clients.
After you have finished configuring your Router, click on Save to save your
existing changes or Cancel to revert your changes.
Wireless Settings 51
Encryption Figure 32 Encryption Screen
When setting up wireless networks, it is important to remember that with
encryption disabled, anyone with a Wireless PC can eavesdrop on your
network. 3Com recommends that you get the network working with
encryption disabled first and then enable it as the last step. This will simplify
setting up your network.
The Router supports two types of encryption:
WPA/WPA2/Mixed WPA WPA2 — Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) is a
subset of the IEEE 802.11i standard. Both WPA and WPA2 use Temporal Key
Integrity Protocol (TKIP), Message Integrity Check (MIC) and IEEE
802.11x. In addition to TKIP, WPA2 also uses Advanced Encryption Standard
(AES). The mixed mode will let you choose the encryption mechanism
interchangeably with either TKIP or AES.
WEP — Wireless Equivalent Privacy (WEP) is a 64 bit or 128 bit
encryption method with user configurable fixed keys.
52 CHAPTER 5: ROUTER CONFIGURATION
WPA/WPA2/Mixed WPA WPA2 +Radius
PSK2+RADIUS features using of a RADIUS server with the pre-shared
key authentication method. (This should only be used when a RADIUS
server is connected to the Router).
WPA provides a higher level of security, provided by its longer key and
dynamic changes made to the key over time. 3Com recommends that you use
WPA with any clients which support it.
If you enable encryption on the Router, you must reconfigure your wireless
PCs to use exactly the same Encryption Type and Keys otherwise the devices
will not understand each other.
The encryption methods used by the Router secure data transmitted through
wireless communications between the Router and its wireless clients.
Enabling encryption has no security effect on data transmitted through wired
(Ethernet) connections or through your connections to the Internet.
Configuring
WPA/WPA2
Encryption
You can choose to use a RADIUS server to authenticate clients, or you can
specify a pre-shared key.
The pre-shared key is used to start the dialog between the Router and the
client. During this dialog, a new key is agreed, making it more difficult to
eavesdrop on wireless networks encrypted using WPA, than those encrypted
using WEP.
To use a RADIUS Server to authenticate each user before they join the
network, refer to “Using the Radius Server”on page 53.
To set up the pre-shared key, refer to “Using Pre-Shared Passphrase”. on
page 54.
Wireless Settings 53
Using the Radius Server
Figure 33 WPA/WPA2 Encryption Screen - Radius Server
To set up WPA/WPA2/Mixed WPA and WPA2 with Radius Server:
1Select Encryption Method from the drop-down box.
2Enter the frequency for key generating in seconds.
3Enter the RADIUS Server IP address.
4Enter the Server Port.
5Enter the key for the Radius Server.
6Click Save to save your changes.
54 CHAPTER 5: ROUTER CONFIGURATION
Using Pre-Shared Passphrase
Figure 34 WPA/WPA2 Encryption Screen - Pre-Shared Passphrase
To set up Pre-Shared Passphrase as the WPA Type:
1Select Encryption Method from the drop-down box. Enter a phrase of between
8 and 63 characters in length in the Pre-Shared key field. This passphrase will
be used to generate a 256 bit key dynamically.
2Enter the frequency for key generating in seconds
3Click Save to save your changes.
Configuring WEP
Encryption There are two levels of WEP encryption available, 64 bit (sometimes referred
to as 40 bit) and 128 bit. Use the Encryption strength drop-down menu to
select the desired level.
Encryption Keys
Wireless Settings 55
Figure 35 64 bit/128 bit Encryption Keys Screen - WEP Configuration
To set up WEP encryption:
1Select 128 bit encryption or 64 bit encryption from the Encryption Strength
drop-down list.
2Enter the passphrase which can be up to 31 characters long and may contain
any alphanumeric characters in the field.
3Click on the Generate to generate 4 hex keys automatically. Virtually all
manufacturers support this scheme. Hexadecimal numbers are formed from
0-9 and A-F. In 64 bit WEP, the passphrase will generate 4 different keys.
However, in 128 bit WEP, this method only generates 1 key which is
replicated for all 4 keys.
If you encounter any difficulty when you enable WEP ensure that you check
that each key on your wireless computer is exactly the same as each key on
your Router. In other words, Key number 1 on the Wireless computer must
have the same Hex number as Key number 1 on the Router, Key 2 on the
Wireless computer must match Key 2 on the Router and so on.
4Select the Current WEP Key, which is the key the Router uses when it
transmits. You can change the selected key periodically to increase the
security of your network.
5Click on Save to save your changes.
56 CHAPTER 5: ROUTER CONFIGURATION
Some wireless adapters have only one key available on their WEP
configuration page. If this is the case ensure it is the same as Key 1 on the
Router and that it is selected as the Current WEP key.
WMM Wi-Fi MultiMedia QOS (Quality of Service) ensures the quality of service in
wireless networks for multimedia applications. 3Com recommends that you
leave the settings unchanged if you are not sure with your configuration.
Changing the values may lead to unexpected blockages of traffic on your
wireless LAN, and the blockages might be difficult to diagnose.
WMM provides prioritized media access and is based on the Enhanced
Distributed Channel (EDCA) method.
Figure 36 WMM Screen
Admission Control- There are four types for Classes of Services:
BK: Background
BE: Best Effort
VI: Video
VO: Voice
Enter the appropriate values for each categories:
Wireless Settings 57
CWmin: Minimum Contention Window. Enter a number from 0-10.
CWMax: Maximum Contention Window. Enter a number from 0-10.
AIFSN: Fixed Slot Time. Enter a number from 0-20.
TXOPLimit: Transmit Opportunity Limit. Enter a number from 0-65535
millisecond.
ACM/ACK-Policy: Admission Control Policy. Can be enabled or disabled.
Connection Control Figure 37 Connection Control Screen
A higher level of security can be achieved for your wireless network if, in
addition to using encryption, you specify that only certain wireless computers
can connect to the Router. By default, any wireless computer that has the same
Service Area Name/SSID, channel and encryption settings as the Router can
connect to it.
To specify that only certain wireless computers can connect to the Router,
select permit/prevent, and then enter the MAC address of the wireless clients.
If you enable this feature from a Wireless PC, it will automatically be added to
58 CHAPTER 5: ROUTER CONFIGURATION
the Authorized Wireless PC list. You may enter a maximum of 40 PCs in the
list.
Click Save to save your existing configurations or Cancel to discard all
changes.
The MAC Address must be entered as 6 hexadecimal pairs, for example
12-34-56-78-ef-ab.
Advanced Wireless
Settings Figure 38 Advanced Wireless Screen
The Advanced Wireless Settings gives you more specific and advanced
options to configure your Wireless Router.
Beacon Interval: This value indicates the frequency interval of the beacon.
Abeacon is a packet broadcast by the Access Point to keep the network
synchronized. A beacon includes the wireless LAN service area, the AP
address, the Broadcast destination addresses, a time stamp, Delivery Traffic
Indicator Maps, and the Traffic Indicator Message (TIM).
Internet Settings 59
XR Mode: The router embeds the Atheros Super G technology
which stretches the performance of a WLAN by enabling long-range
connections. Select on the drop-down list to enable this feature.
RTS Threshold (Request To Send): Should you encounter inconsistent data
flow, only minor modifications are recommended.
The threshold (number of bytes) for enabling RTS/CTS handshake. Data with
its frame size larger than this value will perform the RTS/CTS handshake.
Setting this attribute to be larger than the maximum MSDU(MAC service data
unit) size turns off the RTS/CTS handshake. Setting this attribute to zero turns
on the RTS/CTS handshake. Enter a value between 0 and 2432.)
Fragment Threshold defines a threshold above which the wireless packet
will be split up, or fragmented. For a fragmented packet, if transmission of
part of it were to be interfered with, only the portion that was successfully
transmitted would need to be re-sent. Throughput will generally be lower for
fragmented packets, since the fixed packet overhead consumes a higher
portion of the RF bandwidth.
DTIM Interval: This value indicates the interval of the Delivery Traffic
Indication Message (DTIM). A DTIM field is a countdown field informing
clients of the next window for listening to broadcast and multicast messages.
When the Access Point has buffered broadcast or multicast messages for
associated clients, it sends the next DTIM with a DTIM Interval value. Access
Point Clients hear the beacons and awaken to receive the broadcast and
multicast messages.
Internet Settings The Internet Settings let you view your current WAN configuration and
modify it. You may also add/delete new configuration.
Add a new WAN configuration: please refer to Chapter 4 on “Accessing the
Wizard”
Firewall On the main frame of the Firewall setup screen is a menu with six tabs:
Virtual Servers, Special Applications, DMZ, SPI, Internet Access Policy and
Content Filter.
60 CHAPTER 5: ROUTER CONFIGURATION
Virtual Servers Selecting the Firewall option on the main menu displays the Virtual Servers
setup screen. (Figure 39)
Figure 39 Virtual Servers Screen
Activating and configuring a virtual server allows one or more of the
computers on your network to function as a public server. For example, one of
your computers could be configured as an FTP server, allowing others outside
of your office network to download files of your choosing. Or, if you have
created a Web site, you can configure one of your computers as a Web server,
so that others can view your Web site.
To configure a virtual server:
1Click Add open the Virtual Server Settings page.
2Select a service from the drop-down list or type in your desired services.
3The commonly used port with the associated service will be entered in the
table automatically. You may change them manually.
4Click Save/Apply to save the settings.And the confirmed entries will be
displayed.
5Click Add to return to the Virtual Server configuration page to enter more
entries.
The are a total of 32 services can be defined in the Virtual Server.
Firewall 61
Special Applications Figure 40 Special Applications Screen
Select Special Apps tab to display NAT-Port Triggering Setup screen.
(Figure 40)
Some software applications require special or multiple connections to the
Internet and these would normally be blocked by the firewall. For example
Internet Telephony or Video conferences require multiple connections.
So that these special applications can work properly and are not blocked, the
firewall needs to be told about them. In each instance there will be a trigger
port and incoming port(s), where traffic on the trigger port tells the firewall to
open the incoming ports.
Each defined Special Application only supports a single computer user, and
up to 32 Special Applications can be defined. Any incoming ports opened by a
Special Application trigger will be closed after five minutes of inactivity.
To configure special applications:
1Click Add open the Virtual Server Settings page.
2Select a service from the drop-down list or type in your desired services.
3The commonly used port with the associated service will be entered in the
table automatically. You may change them manually.
4Click Save/Apply to save the settings. And the confirmed entries will be
displayed.
62 CHAPTER 5: ROUTER CONFIGURATION
5Click Add to return to the Special Application configuration page to enter
more entries.
The Router will automatically allow FTP and NetMeeting sessions. You do not
need to configure these as Special Applications.
Only one computer on your network can use the special application at any one
time.
Virtual DMZ DMZ (De-Militarized Zone) Host is a computer without the protection of the
firewall. This feature allows a single computer to be exposed to unrestricted
2-way communication from outside of your network. This feature should be
used only if the Virtual Server or Special Applications options do not provide
the level of access needed for certain applications.
To configure one of your computers as a DMZ host, enter the IP address of the
computer in the DMZ Host IP Address, and then click Save/Apply.
Figure 41 Virtual DMZ Screen
Firewall 63
SPI Stateful Packet Inspection (SPI) inspects, and if required blocks packets at the
application layer. SPI also maintains TCP and UDP session information,
including timeouts and the number of active sessions, and provides the ability
to detect and prevent certain types of network attacks such as DoS attacks.
Denial of Service (DoS) attacks are aimed at devices and networks with a
connection to the Internet. The goal is not to steal information, but to disable
a device or network so users no longer have access to network resources.
To configure SPI information on your Router:
1Select Firewall from the main menu, then select the SPI tab to display the SPI
screen (Figure 42):
Figure 42 SPI Screen
Intrusion Detection: Check on the box to enable the Stateful Packet
Inspection (SPI), Hacker Pattern detection and Denial of Services (DOS)
features to further guard your networks from internet attacks.
Web Filters: Check on the box to filter out the internet activities/programs
from the following: Proxy, Java, ActiveX, and Cookies.
Click on Save to save your changes or Cancel to cancel your changes.
64 CHAPTER 5: ROUTER CONFIGURATION
Internet Access Policy Figure 43 The Internet Access Policy Screen
The Internet Access Policy screen lets you configure your Router’s access
availability according to specified day/time with options in blocking the
application, website (URL), and website keywords.
1Select Access Policy number from the drop-down menu.
2Enter the Policy Name in the field provided.
3Select on Status for enabling or disabling this policy.
4The policy can be applied to a single client or a group clients.
To do this, enter the MAC Addresses or the IP Addresses of each PC up to the
total number limited by the number of the entries.Or enter the range of PC’s IP
Address with the last digits of their IP Addresses.
5Select on Deny/Allow to specify your restriction types.
6To change the schedule, check the appropriate check box for each day you
want to allow access, and enter the permitted access times for each day in
24-hour clock format.
Firewall 65
For example, to allow access Monday through Friday between 9 am and 5 pm,
check the check boxes for Mon, Tue, Wed, Thu and Fri, and enter 09:00 and
17:00 in the text boxes next to each of these days.
7Select on an internet service/application to blocked the service/port number.
8Type in the Website Accessing by URL Address with the URL that you want
to block access from.
9Type in the Website Blocking by Keyword with the keywords on the URL.
10 Click Save to save the settings or Cancel to discard them.
To assign different access rights for different computers:
1Click on the drop-down menu for a different number of the policy. And follow
the previous steps for the rest of configuration. You can create up to 10
policies.
URL Filter: To filter a specific site, enter the URL for that site. For example,
to stop your users from browsing a site called www.badsite.com, enter
www.badsite.com or badsite.com in one of the fields.
If badsite.com has multiple sub-domains, such as this.badsite.com and
that.badsite.com then you can either:
Block them individually by entering this.badsite.com in one field
and that.badsite.com in another.
or
Block them by entering the keyword badsite.com into one of the
fields. This will block all URLs containing the string badsite.com. As well as
blocking this.badsite.com and that.badsite.com, the keyword
badsite.com would block searches that mentioned badsite.com in their domain
name, for example www.notabadsite.com.
To filter a generic keyword enter it into one of the fields. You should exercise
caution when choosing a keyword as many keywords are contained within
other words. For example, filtering the word sex would filter the following
example URLs:
www.sussex.com
www.thisexample.com
66 CHAPTER 5: ROUTER CONFIGURATION
You can filter up to 4 keywords and URLs.
Content Filter Figure 44 The Content Filter Screen
The content filter lets your block the websites according to pre-defined
categories.
You can subscribe to the 3Com Content Filter Service, which enables you to
block or allow the URLs of a number of pre-defined categories.
The Router comes with a 14-day free trial of the 3Com Content Filter Service.
To activate the 14-day free trial of the service, you must first register your
Router at www.3com.com. To continue using the service after the trial period,
you must purchase the full 3Com Content Filter Service (3CSBCFS).
URL filtering rules supersede content filtering rules. If the 3Com Content
Filter is blocking certain Web sites that you want to allow, you can add these
sites to URL Filter’s allow list
To activate Content Filtering:
1Select Firewall from the main menu, then select the Content Filter tab.
Content Filter Screen
2Check the Enable Content Filter check box.
3Select the Content Filter Server that you require from the drop-down list. If
you select custom entry, enter the server IP address in the text box.
System Tools 67
4Select the Server Timeout value in milliseconds. The default is 3000
milliseconds (3 seconds).
5Select Allow or Deny for each displayed category, as required.
Click Save to save the settings, Test URL to test the connection with the
specified content filter server or cancel to discard your changes.
System Tools The main frame of the System Tools screen includes four administration
items: Restart, Time Zone, Configuration, and Upgrade (Figure 45).
Restart Figure 45 Restart Screen
If your Router is not operating correctly, you can choose to restart the Router
by selecting Restart the Router, simulating the effect of power cycling the
unit. No configuration information will be lost but the log files will be erased.
This function may be of use if you are experiencing problems and you wish to
re-establish your Internet connection. Any network users who are currently
accessing the Internet will have their access interrupted whilst the restart takes
place, and they may need to reboot their computers when the restart has
completed and the Router is operational again.
68 CHAPTER 5: ROUTER CONFIGURATION
Time Zone Figure 46 Time Zone Screen
Check the Automatically synchronize with internet time servers to read the
correct time from NTP servers on the Internet and sets its system clock
automatically. You may enter two NTP servers according to your priority.
Choose the time zone that is closest to your actual location. The time zone
setting is used by the system clock when displaying the correct time in the log
files.
Click on Save/Apply to apply your settings.
Configuration Figure 47 Configuration Screen
System Tools 69
Select the Configuration tab to display the Configuration screen (Figure 47).
Backup Configuration
Click BACKUP to save the current Router configuration. You will be
prompted to download and save a file to disk.
Restore Configuration Data
If you want to reinstate the configuration settings previously saved to a file,
press Browse to locate the backup file on your computer, and then click
RESTORE to copy the data into the Router's memory.
The password will remain unchanged.
Reset to Factory Default
If you want to reset the settings on your Router to those that were loaded at the
factory, click RESET. You will lose all your configuration changes. The
Router LAN IP address will revert to 192.168.1.1 and so are the wireless
settings, and the DHCP server on the LAN will be enabled. You may need to
reconfigure and restart your computer to re-establish communication with the
Router.
Upgrade Figure 48 Upgrade Screen
The Upgrade facility allows you to install on the Router any new releases of
system software that 3Com may make available. To install new software, you
first need to download the software from the 3Com support web site to a
folder on your computer. Once you have done this, select Browse to tell your
70 CHAPTER 5: ROUTER CONFIGURATION
web browser where this file is on your computer, and then click Apply. The
file will be copied to the Router, and once this has completed, the Router will
restart. Although the upgrade process has been designed to preserve your
configuration settings, it is recommended that you make a backup of the
configuration beforehand, in case the upgrade process fails for any reason (for
example, the connection between the computer and the Router is lost while
the new software is being copied to the Router).
The upgrade procedure can take up to two minutes, and is complete when the
Alert LED has stopped flashing and is permanently off. Make sure that you do
not interrupt power to the Router during the upgrade procedure; if you do, the
software may be corrupted and the Router may not start up properly
afterwards. If the Alert LED comes on continuously after a failed upgrade,
refer to Chapter 6,“Troubleshooting”.
Advanced Selecting Advanced from the main menu displays the following five tabs in
your Web browser window: Routing, Static Route, RIP, DDNS, DSL, IPSec,
Proxy ARP and ALG.
Routing The Routing-Default Gateway screen
Check the box Enable Automatic Assigned Default Gateway to automatically
assign a gateway to the router. Or you may enter the Default Gateway IP
Address in the field provided and select on its associated interface.
Advanced 71
Static Route Router supports static route functionality. Select the Static Route tab to display
the screen shown in Figure 49
Figure 49 Static Route screen
Please enter the following values in the box respectively to specify a static
route:
Network Address - the network address of the route. If network address
and subnet mask are both set to 0.0.0.0, this is the default route.
Subnet Mask - the subnet mask of the route. If network address and subnet
mask are both set to 0.0.0.0, this is the default route.
Gateway - the gateway used to route data to the network specified by the
network address.
The network interface associated with the IP address.
RIP The Router supports the Routing Information Protocol (RIP). RIP allows you
to set up routing information on one RIP enabled device, and have that routing
information replicated to all RIP enabled devices on the network. LAN and
WAN interfaces can be configured independently of each other.
Select the RIP tab to display the screen shown in Figure 50
72 CHAPTER 5: ROUTER CONFIGURATION
Figure 50 RIP screen
Setting Up RIP
Check the Enable Global RIP Mode check box check box to configure RIP on
the Router.The screen displays RIP information for the LAN interface and
WAN interface. To set up or change the information for one or both interfaces:
1Select one of Disable, Enable or Silent from the Operation Mode drop-down
list. If you select Enable, the Router transmits RIP update information to other
RIP enabled devices. If you select Silent, the Router only receives RIP update
messages.
2Select either 1 (for RIPv1) or 2 (for RIPv2) from the Version drop-down list.
3Com recommends that you use RIPv1 if there is any RIP enabled device on
your network that does not support RIPv2. In all other cases, select RIPv2.
3Select either Enable or Disable from the Poison Reverse drop-down list.
Poison Reverse is a feature that helps prevent data loops.
Advanced 73
DNS The DNS Screen
The DNS Screen lets you specify your Domain Name Service (DNS) server’s
information. You may check the Enable Automatic Assigned DNS for
automatically assigned DNS or you may manually specify your DNS server’s
IP Address.
DDNS Dynamic Domain Name Server (DDNS) enables you to map a static domain
name to a dynamic IP address. The Router supports two DDNS providers,
TZO.com and DYNDNS.org. Before you can set up DDNS, you must obtain
an account, password and static domain name from your DDNS provider.
DDNS is disabled by default.
74 CHAPTER 5: ROUTER CONFIGURATION
To set up DDNS:
Figure 51 DDNS screen
4Select a DDNS Service provider from the drop-down list. This can be either
TZO.com or DynDNS.org.
TZO.com
If you select TZO.com:
1In the Host Name text box, enter the host name.
2In the Interface text box, select the WAN/LAN interface that will be using the
DDNS.
3In the Username/E-mail text box, enter the account name.
4In the Key text box, enter the account password.
5Click Apply to make this service active.
DynDNS.org
If you select DYNDNS.org:
1In the Host Name text box, enter the host name.
2In the Username text box, enter the account name.
3In the Password text box, enter the account password.
4In the Refresh Time box, enter how often you want the service to automatically
refresh, in days. The default is three days.
5Click Apply to make this service active.
Advanced 75
DSL Figure 52 The DSL Setting Screen
The DSL Screen lets you configure your DSL connections. Check the boxed
for the type of DSL connection that you are using. Select the type of phone
line you are using. Also Check the compatibility type.
IPSec Figure 53 IPSec Screen
Internet Protocol Security (IPSec) is a standards-based VPN that offers
flexible solutions for secure data communications across a public network like
76 CHAPTER 5: ROUTER CONFIGURATION
the Internet. The Virtual Private Network (VPN) is a popular technology used
for communications between two networking sites without the expense of
leased site-to-site lines.
Click on Add New IPsec to add new IPSec configurations. Select on the drop-
down menu and enter the values in the text boxes for settings in your IPSec.
Proxy ARP Figure 54 The Proxy ARP Screen
Proxy ARP is a variation of Address Resolution Protocol (ARP), in which an
intermediate device (in this case, the Router) sends an ARP response on
behalf of an end node to the requesting host. Proxy ARP can help decrease
bandwidth consumption on slow-speed WAN links and allows a site to use a
single IP address for two physical networks.
To use proxy ARP, you must have a range of static IP addresses assigned by
your ISP. Before configuring proxy ARP on the router, you must
Proxy ARP only works when the Router is assigned a static IP address.
To configure Proxy ARP:
1On the menu, click Advanced.
2Click the Proxy ARP tab.
3Select the Enable Proxy ARP check box.
4In IP Range From, type the starting IP address of the IP address range that
your ISP assigned to you.
Management 77
5In To, type the ending IP address of the IP address range.
ALG Figure 55 The ALG Screen
An Application Layer Gateway (ALG) is a SIP Back to Back User agent
(B2BUA). An ALG can be used to allow firewall traversal with SIP. If the
firewall has it's SIP traffic terminated on an ALG then the responsibility for
permitting SIP sessions is passed onto the ALG instead of the firewall.
It supports access control restrictions, authentication, encryption, etc
Application layer gateways can be made for all application level protocols.
They can be used for access control, but also for interworking, for example
between IPv4 and IPv6.
Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) is a protocol developed by the IETF
MMUSIC Working Group and proposed standard for initiating, modifying,
and terminating an interactive user session that involves multimedia elements
such as video, voice, instant messaging, online games, and virtual reality.
Select on the box to enable the ALG feature.
Management The management Screen lets you administer your routers with features such as
system log, SNMP, Access Control, Remote Management.
78 CHAPTER 5: ROUTER CONFIGURATION
Syslog If you have a syslog server on the network, you can configure the Router Point
to send the device logs to the server.
You may need to configure the syslog server to accept logs from the Router.
Figure 56 Syslog Screen
To view the current logs:
1Click on the view the syslogs button.
To send the device logs to a syslog server:
1Click on Configure syslogs.
2Click on Enable.
3Select on the drop-down menu for a list of available types of logging
activities.
4Select on the Display Level for a list of available types of logging display.
5Select on the Mode for logging mode: Local, Remote, or Both. For the remote
logging, enter the remote server’s IP address and Port number for receiving
the logs.
Management 79
SNMP Figure 57 The SNMP Screen
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is the protocol used for
exchanging management information between network devices.
Click Enable/Disable to enable/disable the agent.
To Configure the SNMP:
1Type the Read Community, which is the password for the incoming Get and
GetNext requests from the management station.
2Type the Set Community, which is the password for incoming Set requests
from the management station.
3Type the System Name for the program.
4Type the System Location for the program.
5Type the System Contact for the Contract person’s name.
6Type the IP Address of the station/device for sending your SNMP traps to.
80 CHAPTER 5: ROUTER CONFIGURATION
Trusted Station Figure 58 The Trusted Station Screen
The Trusted Station Screen let you add/remove the MAC address of the
stations which can access the web administration.
Management 81
Remote Management Figure 59 The Remote Management Screen
It is possible to administer the Router remotely. Select one of the following
options for remote administration:
Disable Remote Administration - This option is set as default.
Enable administration from a single Internet Host - Only the specified
Host IP Address can manage the Router. Any other users will be rejected.
Enable administration from a whole subnet - This option allows a number
of users within the specified Host Network Address and Subnet Mask to
administer the Router.
Enable administration from any Internet Host - This option allows any
host to access the administration pages.
To remotely administer your Router, enter
http://xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx:8000 in the location bar of the browser
running on the remote computer, where xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx is the Internet IP
address of the Router. You may then login using the administration password.
82 CHAPTER 5: ROUTER CONFIGURATION
Diagnostics Figure 60 The Diagnostics Screen
The Diagnostics Screen lets you diagnose your DSL connection and wired and
wireless networkings. Click on the Test button to start testing.
Device Info The Device Info Settings menu provides the following options:
Figure 61 Summary Screen
Summary
The Summary screen is used to display the information of your LAN status.
Device Info 83
WAN Figure 62 WAN Status Screen
The WAN Status Screen is used to display the information of your DSL
Connection Status.
Statistics Figure 63 Statistics Screen
The Statistics Screen is used to display the information of your
LAN/WAN/ATM/ADSL Connection Statistics. Click on the button for each
connection device for more detailed information.
Support/Feedback 85
The ARP screen is used to display the Proxy ARP status. Refer to “Proxy
ARP” in this section for more information.
Support/Feedback Selecting Support/Feedback from the main menu displays the Support and
Feedback screens.
Support Figure 66 Support Screen
Selecting the Support option on the main menu displays the support links
screen, which contains a list of Internet links that provide information and
support concerning the Router (Figure 66).
6TROUBLESHOOTING
Basic Connection
Checks
Check that the Router is connected to your computers and to the
cable/DSL modem, and that all the equipment is powered on. Check that the
LAN Status and Cable/DSL Status LEDs on the Router are illuminated, and
that any corresponding LEDs on the cable/DSL modem and the NIC are also
illuminated.
Ensure that the computers have completed their start-up procedure and are
ready for use. Some network interfaces may not be correctly initialized until
the start-up procedure has completed.
If the link status LED does not illuminate for a port that is connected,
check that you do not have a faulty cable. Try a different cable.
Browsing to the
Router Configuration If you have connected your Router and computers together but cannot browse
to the Router configuration screens, check the following:
Confirm that the physical connection between your computer and the
Router is OK, and that the LAN Status LEDs on the Router and NIC are
illuminated and indicating the same speed (10Mbps or 100Mbps). Some NICs
do not have status LEDs, in which case a diagnostic program may be available
that can give you this information.
Ensure that you have configured your computer as described in Chapter 3,
Setting Up Your Computers. Restart your computer while it is connected to the
Router to ensure that your computer receives an IP address.
When entering the address of the Router into your web browser, ensure
that you use the full URL including the http:// prefix (e.g.
http://192.168.1.1).
Ensure that you do not have a Web proxy enabled on your computer. Go to
the Control Panel and click on Internet Options. Select the Connections tab
90 CHAPTER 6: TROUBLESHOOTING
and click on the LAN Settings button at the bottom. Make sure that the Proxy
Server option is unchecked.
If you cannot browse to the Router, use the winipcfg utility in Windows
95/98/ME to verify that your computer has received the correct address
information from the Router. From the Start menu, choose Run and then enter
winipcfg. Check that the computer has an IP address of the form
192.168.1.xxx (where xxx is in the range 2-254), the subnet mask is
255.255.255.0, and the default Router is 192.168.1.1 (the address of the
Router). If these are not correct, use the Release and Renew functions to
obtain a new IP address from the Router. Under Windows 2000, use the
ipconfig command-line utility to perform the same functions.
If you still cannot browse to the Router, then use the Discovery program
on the accompanying CD-ROM as described in Appendix A.
Connecting to the
Internet If you can browse to the Router configuration screens but cannot access sites
on the Internet, check the following:
Confirm that the physical connection between the Router and the
cable/DSL modem is OK, and that the link status LEDs on both Router and
modem are illuminated.
Confirm that the connection between the modem and the cable/DSL
interface is OK.
Ensure that you have entered the correct information into the Router
configuration screens as required by your Internet Service Provider. Use the
“Internet Settings” screen to verify this.
For DSL users, check that the PPPoE or PPTP user name, password and
service name are correct, if these are required. Only enter a PPPoE service
name if your ISP requires one.
For cable users, check whether your ISP requires a fixed MAC (Ethernet)
address. If so, use the Clone MAC Address feature in the Router to ensure that
the correct MAC address is presented.
For cable users, check whether your ISP requires a fixed Host Name. If so,
enter the required Host Name in the Internet Settings screen.
Forgotten Password and Reset to Factory Defaults 91
Ensure that your computers are not configured to use a Web proxy. On
Windows computers, this can be found under Control Panel > Internet
Options > Connections.
Forgotten Password
and Reset to Factory
Defaults
If you can browse to the Router configuration screen but cannot log on
because you do not know or have forgotten the password, follow the steps
below to reset the Router to it’s factory default configuration.
CAUTION: All your configuration changes will be lost, and you will need to
run the configuration wizard again before you can re-establish your Router
connection to the Internet. Also, other computer users will lose their network
connections whilst this process is taking place, so choose a time when this
would be convenient.
1Remove power from the Router.
2Disconnect all your computers and the cable/DSL modem from the Router.
3Using a straight through Ethernet cable, connect the Ethernet Cable/DSL port
on the rear of the Router to any one of the LAN ports.
4Re-apply power to the Router. The Alert LED will flash as the Router starts
up, and after approximately 30 seconds will start to flash more slowly
(typically 2 seconds on, 2 seconds off). Once the Alert LED has started to
flash slowly, remove power from the Router.
5Remove the cable connecting the Cable/DSL port to the LAN port, and
reconnect one of your computers to one of the Router LAN ports.
6Re-apply power to the Router, and when the start-up sequence has completed,
browse to:
http://192.168.1.1
and run the configuration wizard. You may need to restart your computer
before you attempt this.
7When the configuration wizard has completed, you may reconnect your
network as it was before.
Wireless Networking Ensure that you have an 802.11b or 802.11g wireless adapter for each
wireless computer, and that it is correctly installed and configured. Verify that
each Wireless computer has either Windows 95 or higher or MAC OS 8.5 or
higher.
92 CHAPTER 6: TROUBLESHOOTING
Verify that your wireless computers are configured to work in
Infrastructure mode and not Ad Hoc mode. The Router contains an Access
Point that is designed to operate in Infrastructure mode. Ad Hoc mode is not
supported by the Router.
If you have a wired and a wireless NIC in the same computer, ensure that
the wired NIC is disabled.
Check the status of the Router Wireless LED, it should be lit if wireless is
enabled and will flash when there is wireless activity. If not lit go to “Wireless
Settings” and enable wireless networking.
Ensure that the TCP/IP settings for all devices are correct.
Ensure that the Wireless Clients are using the same SSID or Service Area
Name as the Router. The SSID is case-sensitive
Ensure that the encryption method and level that you use on your clients
are the same as those configured on the Router. The Router can
simultaneously support WPA and WEP encryption, but can only support one
configuration of each.
Ensure that you have the Wireless computer enabled in the list of allowed
MAC addresses if you are using Wireless Connection control on the Router.
If you are having difficulty connecting or are operating at a low speed try
changing the antenna positions on the rear of the Router. For more effective
coverage you can try reorientating your antennae. Place one antenna vertically
and one horizontally to improve coverage. Additionally consider moving the
wireless computer closer to the Router to confirm that the building structure or
fittings are not adversely affecting the connectivity. If this resolves the
problem consider relocating the Wireless computer or the Router, or trying a
different channel on the Router.
Sources of interference: The 2.4Ghz ISM band is used for 802.11b and
802.11g. This is generally a licence free band for low power applications, and
you may have other devices at your location that operate in this frequency
band. You should take care to ensure that there are no devices like microwave
ovens for example close to the Router or wireless computers as this could
affect receiver sensitivity and reduce the performance of your network. If you
are unsure try relocating both the wireless computers and the Router to
establish whether this problem exists.
Power LED or Power Adapter OK LED Not Lit 93
Most wireless computer Adapters will scan the channels for the wireless
Router. If a wireless computer has not located the Router then try initiating a
search manually if the client software supports this feature or manually set the
channel on your wireless computer to correspond to the Router channel
number. Please refer to your Wireless computer adapter documentation and
vendor to do this.
Speed of connection: The 802.11b and 802.11g standards will
automatically choose the best speed depending on the quality of your
connection. As the signal quality weakens then the speed falls back to a lower
speed. The speeds supported by 802.11g are 54 Mbps, 48 Mbps, 36 Mbps,
24 Mbps, 18 Mbps, 12 Mbps, and 6 Mbps. The speeds supported by 802.11b
are 11 Mbps, 5.5 Mbps, 2 Mbps and 1 Mbps. In general the closer you are to
the Router the better the speed. If you are not achieving the speed you had
anticipated then try moving the antenna on the Router or moving the Wireless
computer closer to the Router. In an ideal network the Router should be
located in the centre of the network with Wireless computers distributed
around it. Applications are generally available with the computer wireless
card to carry out a site survey. Use this application to find the optimal siting
for your wireless computer. Consult your Computer Card documentation and
vendor for more details.
Power LED or Power
Adapter OK LED Not
Lit
Check that your Router is receiving power by looking at the status of the
Power LED on the front panel and the Power Adapter OK LED on the rear
panel:
If both LEDs are lit green then the unit is receiving power.
If both LEDs are unlit then no power is being supplied to the unit. Check
that the power adapter is plugged into a working mains outlet and that the
mains outlet is supplying power. If the mains socket is supplying power then
the power adapter or power adapter connection may be faulty. See
“Replacement Power Adapters” below.
If the Power Adapter OK LED is lit but the Power LED is unlit then there
may be a fault with your unit. Contact 3Com Technical Support.
Check that you are using the correct power adapter for your Router. You
should only use the power adapter supplied with your Router.
94 CHAPTER 6: TROUBLESHOOTING
Replacement Power
Adapters If both the Power Adapter OK LED and Power LED are off, check your
power adapter connection. If the mains outlet is working and is capable of
supplying power to other devices, contact 3Com Technical Support and ask
for a replacement power adapter. Please quote the power adapter part number
shown on the OfficeConnect power adapter you are using.
Alternatively, quote the part number for your region:
Power Adapter Part Numbers
Alert LED The Alert LED will flash when the Router unit is first powered up while the
system software checks the hardware for proper operation. Once the Router
has started normal operation, the Alert LED will go out.
If the Alert LED does not go out following start up, but illuminates
continuously, this indicates that the software has detected a possible fault with
the hardware. Remove power from the Router, wait 10 seconds and then
re-apply power. If the Alert LED comes on continuously again, then a fault
has been detected. Locate the copy of the Router software on the
accompanying CD-ROM or 3Com web site (http://www.3com.com) and
upload it to the Router to see if this clears the fault (refer to “Recovering from
Corrupted Software” below). If this does not fix the problem, contact your
supplier for further advice.
During normal operation, you may notice the Alert LED lighting briefly
from time to time. This indicates that the Router has detected a hacker attack
from the Internet and has prevented it from harming your network. You need
take no specific action on this, unless you decide that these attacks are
happening frequently in which case you may wish to discuss this with your
Part Number Region
3C16760 US and Canada
3C16761 UK
3C16762 Europe and Middle East
3C16763 Australasia (except Japan and Korea)
3C16764 South Africa
3C16766 Japan
3C16767 Korea
3C16768 Argentina
Recovering from Corrupted Software 95
ISP. The Router logs such attacks, and this information is available through
the Status and Logs screens.
Recovering from
Corrupted Software If the Alert LED remains permanently on following power-up, it is possible
that the system software has become corrupted. In this condition, the Router
will enter a “recovery” state; DHCP is disabled, and the LAN IP address is set
to 192.168.1.1. Follow the instructions below to upload a new copy of the
system software to a Router unit in this state.
Ensure that one of your computers has a copy of the new software image file
stored on its hard disk or available on CD-ROM.
The latest software is available on 3Com’s Web site at:
www.3com.com.
1Remove power from the Router and disconnect the Cable/DSL modem and all
your computers, except for the one computer with the software image.
2You will need to reconfigure this computer with the following static IP
address information:
IP address: 192.168.1.2
Subnet mask: 255.255.255.0
Default Router address: 192.168.1.1
3Restart the computer, and re-apply power to the Router.
4Using the Web browser on the computer, enter the following URL in the
location bar:
http://192.168.1.1.
This will connect you to the Microcode Recovery utility in the Router.
5Follow the on-screen instructions. Enter the path and filename of the software
image file.
6When the upload has completed, the Router will restart, run the self-test and,
if successful, resume normal operation. The Alert LED will go out.
7Refer to the Installation Guide to reconnect your Router to the Cable/DSL
modem and the computers in your network. Do not forget to reconfigure the
computer you used for the software upload.
96 CHAPTER 6: TROUBLESHOOTING
If the Router does not resume normal operation following the upload, it may
be faulty. Contact your supplier for advice.
Frequently Asked
Questions How do I reset the Router to Factory Defaults?
See “Forgotten Password and Reset to Factory Defaults” on page 91.
How many computers on the LAN does the Router support?
A maximum of 253 computers on the LAN are supported.
How many wireless clients does the Cable/DSL Router support?
A maximum of 128 wireless clients are supported.
There are only 4 LAN ports on the Router. How are additional computers
connected?
You can expand the number of connections available on your LAN by
using hubs, switches and wireless access points connected to the
Router. 3Com wireless access points and OfficeConnect hubs and
switches provide a simple, reliable means of expanding your network;
contact your supplier for more information, or visit:
http://www.3com.com/
Does the Router support virtual private networks (VPNs)?
The Router supports VPN passthrough, which allows VPN clients on
the LAN to communicate with VPN hosts on the Internet. It is also
possible to set up VPN hosts on your LAN that clients elsewhere on the
Internet can connect to, but this is not a recommended configuration.
Where can I download software updates for the Router?
Updates to the Router software are posted on the 3Com support web
site, accessible by visiting:
http://www.3com.com
What other online resources are there?
The 3Com Knowledgebase at:
http://knowledgebase.3com.com
Frequently Asked Questions 97
is a database of technical information covering all 3Com products. It is
updated daily with information from 3Com technical support services,
and it is available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.
98 CHAPTER 6: TROUBLESHOOTING
AUSING DISCOVERY
Running the
Discovery
Application
3Com provides a user friendly Discovery application for detecting the Router
on the network.
Windows Installation
(95/98/2000/Me/NT)
1Insert the Router CD-ROM in the CD-ROM drive on your computer. A menu
will appear; select Router Discovery.
Discovery will find the Router even if it is unconfigured or misconfigured.
Figure 71 Discovery Welcome Screen
2When the Welcome screen is displayed click on Next and wait until the
application discovers the Routers connected to your LAN.
98 APPENDIX A: USING DISCOVERY
Figure 72 Discovered Router Screen
3Figure 73 shows an example Discovered Devices screen. Highlight the
Cable/DSL Router by clicking on it, and press Next.
Figure 73 Discovery Finish Screen
4Click on Finish to launch a web browser and display the login page for the
Router.
BIP ADDRESSING
The Internet Protocol
Suite The Internet protocol suite consists of a well-defined set of communications
protocols and several standard application protocols. Transmission Control
Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) is probably the most widely known and is
a combination of two of the protocols (IP and TCP) working together. TCP/IP
is an internationally adopted and supported networking standard that provides
connectivity between equipment from many vendors over a wide variety of
networking technologies.
Managing the Router
over the Network To manage a device over the network, the Router must be correctly configured
with the following IP information:
An IP address
A Subnet Mask
IP Addresses and
Subnet Masks Each device on your network must have a unique IP address to operate
correctly. An IP address identifies the address of the device to which data is
being sent and the address of the destination network. IP addresses have the
format n.n.n.x where n is a decimal number between 0 and 255 and x is a
number between 1 and 254 inclusive.
However, an IP Address alone is not enough to make your device operate. In
addition to the IP address, you need to set a subnet mask. All networks are
divided into smaller sub-networks and a subnet mask is a number that enables
a device to identify the sub-network to which it is connected.
96 APPENDIX B: IP ADDRESSING
For your network to work correctly, all devices on the network must have:
The same sub-network address.
The same subnet mask.
The only value that will be different is the specific host device number. This
value must always be unique.
An example IP address is ‘192.168.100.8’. However, the size of the network
determines the structure of this IP Address. In using the Router, you will
probably only encounter two types of IP Address and subnet mask structures.
Type One
In a small network, the IP address of ‘192.168.100.8’ is split into two parts:
Part one (‘192.168.100’) identifies the network on which the device
resides.
Part two (‘.8’) identifies the device within the network.
This type of IP Address operates on a subnet mask of ‘255.255.255.0’.
See Table 3 for an example about how a network with three computers and a
Router might be configured.
Table 3 IP Addressing and Subnet Masking
Type Two
In larger networks, where there are more devices, the IP address of
‘192.168.100.8’ is, again, split into two parts but is structured differently:
Part one (‘192.168’) identifies the network on which the device resides.
Part two (‘.100.8’) identifies the device within the network.
Device IP Address Subnet Mask
PC 1 192.168.100.8 255.255.255.0
PC 2 192.168.100.33 255.255.255.0
PC 3 192.168.100.188 255.255.255.0
Router 192.168.100.72 255.255.255.0
How does a Device Obtain an IP Address and Subnet Mask? 97
This type of IP Address operates on a subnet mask of ‘255.255.0.0’.
See Table 4 for an example about how a network (only four computers
represented) and a Router might be configured.
Table 4 IP Addressing and Subnet Masking
How does a Device
Obtain an IP Address
and Subnet Mask?
There are three different ways to obtain an IP address and the subnet mask.
These are:
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) Addressing
Static Addressing
Automatic Addressing (Auto-IP Addressing)
DHCP Addressing The Router contains a DHCP server, which allows computers on your network
to obtain an IP address and subnet mask automatically. DHCP assigns a
temporary IP address and subnet mask which gets reallocated once you
disconnect from the network.
DHCP will work on any client Operating System such as Windows® 95,
Windows 98 or Windows NT 4.0. Also, using DHCP means that the same IP
address and subnet mask will never be duplicated for devices on the network.
DHCP is particularly useful for networks with large numbers of users on
them.
Static Addressing You must enter an IP Address and the subnet mask manually on every device.
Using a static IP and subnet mask means the address is permanently fixed.
Auto-IP Addressing Network devices use automatic IP addressing if they are configured to acquire
an address using DHCP but are unable to contact a DHCP server. Automatic
IP addressing is a scheme where devices allocate themselves an IP address at
Device IP Address Subnet Mask
PC 1 192.168.100.8 255.255.0.0
PC 2 192.168.201.30 255.255.0.0
PC 3 192.168.113.155 255.255.0.0
PC 4 192.168.002.230 255.255.0.0
Router 192.168.002.72 255.255.0.0
98 APPENDIX B: IP ADDRESSING
random from the industry standard subnet of 169.254.x.x (with a subnet mask
of 255.255.0.0). If two devices allocate themselves the same address, the
conflict is detected and one of the devices allocates itself a new address.
Automatic IP addressing support was introduced by Microsoft in the
Windows 98 operating system and is also supported in Windows 2000.
BSAFETY INFORMATION
Important Safety
Information WARNING: Warnings contain directions that you must follow for your
personal safety. Follow all directions carefully.
You must read the following safety information carefully before you install
or remove the unit:
WARNING: The Router generates and uses radio frequency (rf) energy. In
some environments, the use of rf energy is not permitted. The user should seek
local advice on whether or not rf energy is permitted within the area of
intended use.
WARNING: Exceptional care must be taken during installation and
removal of the unit.
WARNING: Only stack the Router with other OfficeConnect units.
WARNING: To ensure compliance with international safety standards, only
use the power adapter that is supplied with the unit.
WARNING: The socket outlet must be near to the unit and easily
accessible. You can only remove power from the unit by disconnecting the
power cord from the outlet.
WARNING: This unit operates under SELV (Safety Extra Low Voltage)
conditions according to IEC 60950. The conditions are only maintained if
the equipment to which it is connected also operates under SELV
conditions.
WARNING: There are no user-replaceable fuses or user-serviceable parts
inside the Router. If you have a physical problem with the unit that cannot
be solved with problem solving actions in this guide, contact your supplier.
100 APPENDIX B: SAFETY INFORMATION
WARNING: Disconnect the power adapter before moving the unit.
WARNING: RJ-45 ports. These are shielded RJ-45 data sockets. They
cannot be used as telephone sockets. Only connect RJ-45 data connectors to
these sockets.
Wichtige
Sicherheitshinweise VORSICHT: Warnhinweise enthalten Anweisungen, die Sie zu Ihrer eigenen
Sicherheit befolgen müssen. Alle Anweisungen sind sorgfältig zu befolgen.
Sie müssen die folgenden Sicherheitsinformationen sorgfältig durchlesen,
bevor Sie das Geräts installieren oder ausbauen:
VORSICHT: Der Router erzeugt und verwendet Funkfrequenz (RF). In
manchen Umgebungen ist die Verwendung von Funkfrequenz nicht gestattet.
Erkundigen Sie sich bei den zuständigen Stellen, ob die Verwendung von
Funkfrequenz in dem Bereich, in dem der Bluetooth Access Point eingesetzt
werden soll, erlaubt ist.
VORSICHT: Bei der Installation und beim Ausbau des Geräts ist mit
höchster Vorsicht vorzugehen.
VORTSICHT: Stapeln Sie das Geräts nur mit anderen OfficeConnect
Gerätes zusammen.
VORSICHT: Aufgrund von internationalen Sicherheitsnormen darf das
Gerät nur mit dem mitgelieferten Netzadapter verwendet werden.
VORSICHT: Die Netzsteckdose muß in der Nähe des Geräts und leicht
zugänglich sein. Die Stromversorgung des Geräts kann nur durch
Herausziehen des Gerätenetzkabels aus der Netzsteckdose unterbrochen
werden.
VORSICHT: Der Betrieb dieses Geräts erfolgt unter den
SELV-Bedingungen (Sicherheitskleinstspannung) gemäß IEC 60950. Diese
Bedingungen sind nur gegeben, wenn auch die an das Gerät
angeschlossenen Geräte unter SELV-Bedingungen betrieben werden.
101
VORSICHT: Es sind keine von dem Benutzer zu ersetzende oder zu
wartende Teile in dem Gerät vorhanden. Wenn Sie ein Problem mit dem
Router haben, das nicht mittels der Fehleranalyse in dieser Anleitung
behoben werden kann, setzen Sie sich mit Ihrem Lieferanten in Verbindung.
VORSICHT: Vor dem Ausbau des Geräts das Netzadapterkabel
herausziehen.
VORSICHT: RJ-45-Anschlüsse. Dies sind abgeschirmte
RJ-45-Datenbuchsen. Sie können nicht als Telefonanschlußbuchsen
verwendet werden. An diesen Buchsen dürfen nur RJ-45-Datenstecker
angeschlossen werden.
Consignes
importantes de
sécurité AVERTISSEMENT: Les avertissements présentent des consignes que vous
devez respecter pour garantir votre sécurité personnelle. Vous devez
respecter attentivement toutes les consignes.
Nous vous demandons de lire attentivement les consignes suivantes de
sécurité avant d’installer ou de retirer l’appareil:
AVERTISSEMENT: La Router fournit et utilise de l'énergie radioélectrique
(radio fréquence -rf). L'utilisation de l'énergie radioélectrique est interdite
dans certains environnements. L'utilisateur devra se renseigner sur
l'autorisation de cette énergie dans la zone prévue.
AVERTISSEMENT: Faites très attention lors de l'installation et de la
dépose du groupe.
AVERTISSEMENT: Seulement entasser le moyer avec les autres moyeux
OfficeConnects.
AVERTISSEMENT: Pour garantir le respect des normes internationales de
sécurité, utilisez uniquement l'adaptateur électrique remis avec cet appareil.
AVERTISSEMENT: La prise secteur doit se trouver à proximité de
l’appareil et son accès doit être facile. Vous ne pouvez mettre l’appareil
hors circuit qu'en débranchant son cordon électrique au niveau de cette
prise.
AVERTISSEMENT: L’appareil fonctionne à une tension extrêmement
basse de sécurité qui est conforme à la norme CEI 60950. Ces conditions ne
102 APPENDIX B: SAFETY INFORMATION
sont maintenues que si l'équipement auquel il est raccordé fonctionne dans
les mêmes conditions.
AVERTISSEMENT: Il n’y a pas de parties remplaceables par les
utilisateurs ou entretenues par les utilisateurs à l’intérieur du moyeu. Si
vous avez un problème physique avec le moyeu qui ne peut pas être résolu
avec les actions de la résolution des problèmes dans ce guide, contacter
votre fournisseur.
AVERTISSEMENT: Débranchez l'adaptateur électrique avant de retirer cet
appareil.
AVERTISSEMENT: Ports RJ-45. Il s'agit de prises femelles blindées de
données RJ-45. Vous ne pouvez pas les utiliser comme prise de téléphone.
Branchez uniquement des connecteurs de données RJ-45 sur ces prises
femelles.
DEND USER SOFTWARE LICENSE
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108 APPENDIX D: END USER SOFTWARE LICENSE AGREEMENT
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EISP INFORMATION
Information
Regarding Popular
ISPs WAN Types Characteristics Popular ISPs
Dynamic IP
(Clone MAC)
Cable modem ISP, non-hostname
based. Need to clone the MAC
address in the Advanced tab of the
Internet Settings page.
MediaOne, RoadRunner,
Optimum Online, Time Warner,
Charter, Adelphia, Metrocast.
Dynamic IP
(Hostname)
Cable ISP, Requires Hostname to
authenticate ie. cx213818-B. Need
to enter the hostname in the Internet
Settings page.
@Home Network, Cogoco,
ComCast, Cox, Excite, Rogers,
Shaw, Insight, Videotron
PPPoE
(DSL)
Usually special software installed
on PC, MacPOET/WinPOET,
EnterNet 300. The Router has this
software built in and you can
remove it from your PC. You will
need to enter the user name and
password that your ISP provided to
you in the PPPoE page of the
Router. Leave the service name
blank unless your ISP requires it.
Bell*, Century Tel, Citizens,
Primus, Prodigy, Snet, Sprint FC,
Verizon, First World, Brightnet,
Earthlink, Ameritech, Covad,
Mindspring, Sympatico DSL,
USwest, Owest, SNet
PPTP Cable or DSL, always on. Some
European ISPs require a PPTP
tunnel to authenticate their network.
KPN (Netherlands), Austria
Telecom
106 APPENDIX E: ISP INFORMATION
*Bell includes Bell Advantage, Bell Canada, Bell South, PacBell and
Southwestern Bell.
Static
(DSL)
DSL Modem, always on. Need to
enter ALL IP information from ISP
in the Static IP address section of
the Internet Settings page.
CableSpeed, Cnet, Direct Link,
Drizzle, DSL Extreme, Earthlink
Wireless, Fast Point, Flashcom,
GTE-WhirlWind, Heavenet, HSA
Corp, I-55, InterAccess, LinkLine,
Mission, Nauticom, NAS, Omitel,
Onterra, Phatpipe, Rhythms,
Speakeasy, Sterling, XO, Zyan
Static
(Cable)
Cable Modem, Always on, ISP
assigns specific IP information
which needs to be entered on the
“Fixed IP” page of the Router.
Cox Cable, Sprint, US Cable,
Cable-Cable
GLOSSARY
802.11b The IEEE specification for wireless Ethernet which allows speeds of up to
11 Mbps. The standard provides for 1, 2, 5.5 and 11 Mbps data rates. The rates
will switch automatically depending on range and environment.
802.11g The IEEE specification for wireless Ethernet which allows speeds of up to
54 Mbps. The standard provides for 6, 12, 24, 36, 48 and 54 Mbps data rates.
The rates will switch automatically depending on range and environment.
10BASE-T The IEEE specification for 10 Mbps Ethernet over Category 3, 4 or 5 twisted
pair cable.
100BASE-TX The IEEE specification for 100 Mbps Fast Ethernet over Category 5
twisted-pair cable.
Access Point An Access Point is a device through which wireless clients connect to other
wireless clients and which acts as a bridge between wireless clients and a
wired network, such as Ethernet. Wireless clients can be moved anywhere
within the coverage area of the access point and still connect with each other.
If connected to an Ethernet network, the access point monitors Ethernet traffic
and forwards appropriate Ethernet messages to the wireless network, while
also monitoring wireless client radio traffic and forwarding wireless client
messages to the Ethernet LAN.
Ad Hoc mode Ad Hoc mode is a configuration supported by most wireless clients. It is used
to connect a peer to peer network together without the use of an access point.
It offers lower performance than infrastructure mode, which is the mode the
Router uses. (see also Infrastructure mode.)
Auto-negotiation Some devices in the OfficeConnect range support auto-negotiation.
Auto-negotiation is where two devices sharing a link, automatically configure
to use the best common speed. The order of preference (best first) is:
112 GLOSSARY
100BASE-TX full duplex, 100BASE-TX half duplex, 10BASE-T full duplex,
and 10BASE-T half duplex. Auto-negotiation is defined in the IEEE 802.3
standard for Ethernet and is an operation that takes place in a few
milliseconds.
Bandwidth The information capacity, measured in bits per second, that a channel can
transmit. The bandwidth of Ethernet is 10 Mbps, the bandwidth of Fast
Ethernet is 100 Mbps. The bandwidth for 802.11b wireless is 11Mbps.
Category 3 Cables One of five grades of Twisted Pair (TP) cabling defined by the EIA/TIA-586
standard. Category 3 is voice grade cable and can only be used in Ethernet
networks (10BASE-T) to transmit data at speeds of up to 10 Mbps.
Category 5 Cables One of five grades of Twisted Pair (TP) cabling defined by the EIA/TIA-586
standard. Category 5 can be used in Ethernet (10BASE-T) and Fast Ethernet
networks (100BASE-TX) and can transmit data up to speeds of 100 Mbps.
Category 5 cabling is better to use for network cabling than Category 3,
because it supports both Ethernet (10 Mbps) and Fast Ethernet (100 Mbps)
speeds.
Channel Similar to any radio device, the OfficeConnect Cable/DSL Router allows you
to choose different radio channels in the wireless spectrum. A channel is a
particular frequency within the 2.4GHz spectrum within which the Router
operates.
Client The term used to described the desktop PC that is connected to your network.
DDNS Dynamic Domain Name Server. A method that enables Internet users to tie
their domain name(s) to computers or servers. DDNS enables a domain name
to follow an IP address automatically when the IP address changes.
DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol. This protocol automatically assigns an
IP address for every computer on your network. Windows 95, Windows 98
and Windows NT 4.0 contain software that assigns IP addresses to
workstations on a network. These assignments are made by the DHCP server
software that runs on Windows NT Server, and Windows 95 and Windows 98
will call the server to obtain the address. Windows 98 will allocate itself an
address if no DHCP server can be found.
GLOSSARY 113
DNS Server Address DNS stands for Domain Name System, which allows Internet host computers
to have a domain name (such as 3com.com) and one or more IP addresses
(such as 192.34.45.8). A DNS server keeps a database of host computers and
their respective domain names and IP addresses, so that when a domain name
is requested (as in typing “3com.com” into your Internet browser), the user is
sent to the proper IP address. The DNS server address used by the computers
on your home network is the location of the DNS server your ISP has
assigned.
DSL modem DSL stands for digital subscriber line. A DSL modem uses your existing
phone lines to send and receive data at high speeds.
Encryption A method for providing a level of security to wireless data transmissions. The
OfficeConnect Cable/DSL Router and Wireless Cable/DSL Router offer a
choice of encryption methods. See “WPA” and “WEP” for details.
ESSID Extended Service Set Identifier. The ESSID is a unique identifier for your
wireless network. You must have the same ESSID entered into the Router and
each of it's wireless clients.
Ethernet A LAN specification developed jointly by Xerox, Intel and Digital Equipment
Corporation. Ethernet networks use CSMA/CD to transmit packets at a rate of
10 Mbps over a variety of cables.
Ethernet Address See MAC address.
Fast Ethernet An Ethernet system that is designed to operate at 100 Mbps.
Firewall Electronic protection that prevents anyone outside of your network from
seeing your files or damaging your computers.
Full Duplex A system that allows packets to be transmitted and received at the same time
and, in effect, doubles the potential throughput of a link.
Router A device that acts as a central hub by connecting to each computer's network
interface card and managing the data traffic between the local network and the
Internet.
114 GLOSSARY
Half Duplex A system that allows packets to transmitted and received, but not at the same
time. Contrast with full duplex.
Hub A device that regenerates LAN traffic so that the transmission distance of that
signal can be extended. Hubs are similar to repeaters, in that they connect
LANs of the same type; however they connect more LANs than a repeater and
are generally more sophisticated.
IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. This American organization
was founded in 1963 and sets standards for computers and communications.
IETF Internet Engineering Task Force. An organization responsible for providing
engineering solutions for TCP/IP networks. In the network management area,
this group is responsible for the development of the SNMP protocol.
Infrastructure mode Infrastructure mode is the wireless configuration supported by the Router. You
will need to ensure all of your clients are set up to use infrastructure mode in
order for them to communicate with the Access Point built into your Router.
(see also Ad Hoc mode)
IP Internet Protocol. IP is a layer 3 network protocol that is the standard for
sending data through a network. IP is part of the TCP/IP set of protocols that
describe the routing of packets to addressed devices. An IP address consists of
32 bits divided into two or three fields: a network number and a host number
or a network number, a subnet number, and a host number.
IP Address Internet Protocol Address. A unique identifier for a device attached to a
network using TCP/IP. The address is written as four octets separated with
periods (full-stops), and is made up of a network section, an optional subnet
section and a host section.
ISP Internet Service Provider. An ISP is a business that provides connectivity to
the Internet for individuals and other businesses or organizations.
LAN Local Area Network. A network of end stations (such as PCs, printers,
servers) and network devices (hubs and switches) that cover a relatively small
geographic area (usually not larger than a floor or building). LANs are
characterized by high transmission speeds over short distances (up to 1000
metres).
GLOSSARY 115
MAC Media Access Control. A protocol specified by the IEEE for determining
which devices have access to a network at any one time.
MAC Address Media Access Control Address. Also called the hardware or physical address.
A layer 2 address associated with a particular network device. Most devices
that connect to a LAN have a MAC address assigned to them as they are used
to identify other devices in a network. MAC addresses are 6 bytes long.
NAT Network Address Translation. NAT enables all the computers on your
network to share one IP address. The NAT capability of the Router allows you
to access the Internet from any computer on your home network without
having to purchase more IP addresses from your ISP.
Network A Network is a collection of computers and other computer equipment that are
connected for the purpose of exchanging information or sharing resources.
Networks vary in size, some are within a single room, others span continents.
Network Interface Card
(NIC) A circuit board installed into a piece of computing equipment, for example, a
computer, that enables you to connect it to the network. A NIC is also known
as an adapter or adapter card.
Protocol A set of rules for communication between devices on a network. The rules
dictate format, timing, sequencing and error control.
PPPoE Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet. Point-to-Point Protocol is a method of
data transmission originally created for dial-up connections; PPPoE is for
Ethernet connections.
PPTP Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol is a method of secure data transmission
between two remote sites over the internet.
PVC Permanent Virtual Circuit. A PVC is a logical point-to-point circuit between
customer sites. PVCs are low-delay circuits because routing decisions do not
need to be made along the way. Permanent means that the circuit is
preprogrammed by the carrier as a path through the network. It does not need
to be set up to torn down for each session.
116 GLOSSARY
RIP Routing Information Protocol. RIP allows an administrator to set up routing
information on one RIP enabled device, and have that routing information
replicated to all RIP enabled devices on the network.
RJ-45 A standard connector used to connect Ethernet networks. The “RJ” stands for
“registered jack”.
Server A computer in a network that is shared by multiple end stations. Servers
provide end stations with access to shared network services such as computer
files and printer queues.
SPI Stateful Packet Inspection. This feature requires the firewall to remember
what outgoing requests have been sent and only allow responses to those
requests back through the firewall. This way, un-requested attempts to access
the network will be denied.
SSID Service Set Identifier. Some vendors of wireless products use SSID
interchangeably with ESSID.
Subnet Address An extension of the IP addressing scheme that allows a site to use a single IP
network address for multiple physical networks.
Subnet mask A subnet mask, which may be a part of the TCP/IP information provided by
your ISP, is a set of four numbers configured like an IP address. It is used to
create IP address numbers used only within a particular network (as opposed
to valid IP address numbers recognized by the Internet, which must assigned
by InterNIC).
Subnets A network that is a component of a larger network.
Switch A device that interconnects several LANs to form a single logical LAN that
comprises of several LAN segments. Switches are similar to bridges, in that
they connect LANs of a different type; however they connect more LANs than
a bridge and are generally more sophisticated.
TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol. This is the name for two of
the most well-known protocols developed for the interconnection of networks.
Originally a UNIX standard, TCP/IP is now supported on almost all
platforms, and is the protocol of the Internet.
GLOSSARY 117
TCP relates to the content of the data travelling through a network — ensuring
that the information sent arrives in one piece when it reaches its destination.
IP relates to the address of the end station to which data is being sent, as well
as the address of the destination network.
Traffic The movement of data packets on a network.
universal plug and play Universal plug and play is a system which allows compatible applications to
read some of their settings from the Router. This allows them to automatically
configure some, or all, of their settings and need less user configuration.
URL Filter A URL Filter is a feature of a firewall that allows it to stop its clients form
browsing inappropriate Web sites.
VLAN Virtual Local Are Network. It states in 802.1q, the VLAN features frame
format extensions to support Virtual Local Area Network tagging. A VLAN
acts like an ordinary LAN, but connected devices don’t have to be physically
connected to the same segment.
WAN Wide Area Network. A network that connects computers located in
geographically separate areas (for example, different buildings, cities, or
countries). The Internet is an example of a wide area network.
WDS Wireless Distribution System. A system that can be comprised of a bridging
and/or a repeater mode. In wireless bridging, APs communicate only with
each other to bridge together two separate networks. In wireless repeating,
APs rebroadcast received signals to extend reach and range, at the expense of
throughput. The Router uses wireless repeating.
WECA Wireless Ethernet Compatibility Alliance. An industry group formed to certify
cross vendor interoperability and compatibility of 802.11b and 802.11g
wireless networking products and to promote the standard for enterprise,
small business and home environments. (see also 802.11b, 802.11g, Wi-Fi)
WEP Wired Equivalent Privacy. A shared key encryption mechanism for wireless
networking. Encryption strength is 40/64 bit or 128 bit.
Wi-Fi Wireless Fidelity. This is the certification granted by WECA to products that
meet their interoperability criteria. (see also 802.11b, WECA)
118 GLOSSARY
Wireless Client The term used to describe a desktop or mobile PC that is wirelessly connected
to your wireless network
Wireless LAN Service
Area Another term for ESSID (Extended Service Set Identifier)
Wizard A Windows application that automates a procedure such as installation or
configuration.
WLAN Wireless Local Area Network. A WLAN is a group of computers and devices
connected together by wireless in a relatively small area (such as a house or
office).
WMM Wi-Fi Multimedia. The standard, which is a precursor to 802.11e, is meant to
improve audio, video, and voice applications over Wi-Fi. The 802.11e
standard includes quality of service mechanisms, which will allow network
administrators to give priority to traffic such as voice that suffers from delays.
WPA Wi-Fi Protected Access. A dynamically changing encryption mechanism for
wireless networking. Encryption strength is 256 bit.
REGULATORY NOTICES FOR THE ADSL
WIRELESS 108MBPS 11G FIREWALL
ROUTER
Channels Use of the ADSL Wireless 11g Firewall Router is only authorized for the
channels approved by each country. For proper installation, login to the
management interface and select your country from the drop down list.
Table 5 below lists the channels permitted by the local regulatory agencies:
Table 5 Channels
* The channels available for use in France depend on the region in which you
are located.
The
3Com ADSL Wireless 108Mbps 11g Firewall Router (WL-553)
must be
installed and used in strict accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions as
described in the user documentation that comes with the product
.
This
product contains encryption. It is unlawful to export out of the U.S.
without obtaining a U.S. Export License
.
Channels Country
1 - 13 Argentina, Australia, Austria, Bahrain, Belarus, Belgium, Brazil, Chile,
China, Columbia, Costa Rica, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Finland, France*, Germany, Greece, Hong Kong, Hungary,
Iceland, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan(11g), Jordan,
Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malaysia, Netherlands, New
Zealand, Norway, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Russia,
Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Slovenia, South Africa, South Korea, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, Turkey, United Kingdom, Uruguay,
Venezuela.
1 - 11 Canada, Mexico, Taiwan, United States
1-14 Japan(11b)
i
120
This product does not contain any user serviceable components. Any
unauthorized product changes or modifications will invalidate 3Com’s
warranty and all applicable regulatory certifications and approvals
.
This product can only be used with the supplied antenna(s). The use of
external amplifiers or non-3Com antennas may invalidate regulatory
certifications and approvals.
Exposure to Radio Frequency Radiation
This device generates and radiates radio-frequency energy. In order to comply
with FCC radio-frequency exposure guidelines for an uncontrolled
environment, this equipment must be installed and operated while maintaining
a minimum body to antenna distance of 20 cm (approximately 8 in.).
The installer of this radio equipment must ensure that the antenna is located or
pointed such that it does not emit RF field in excess of Health Canada limits
for the general population; consult Safety Code 6, obtainable from Health
Canada’s website www.hc-sc.gc.ca/rpb.
This product must maintain a minimum body to antenna distance of 20 cm.
Under these conditions this product will meet the Basic Restriction limits of
1999/519/EC [Council Recommendation of 12 July 1999 on the limitation of
exposure of the general public to electromagnetic fields (0 Hz to 300 GHz)].
IC Radiation Exposure Statement:
This equipment complies with IC radiation exposure limits set forth for an
uncontrolled environment. End users must follow the specific operating
instructions for satisfying RF exposure compliance. This equipment should be
installed and operated with minimum distance 20cm between the radiator &
your body.
This transmitter must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any
other antenna or transmitter.
US – Radio Frequency Requirements
This device must not be co-located or operated in conjunction with any other
antenna or transmitter.
3Com declares that WL-553 (FCC ID: O9C-WL553) is limited in
CH1~CH11 for 2.4 GHz by specified firmware controlled in U.S.A.
121
US Federal Communications Commission (FCC) EMC Compliance
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a
Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are
designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a
residential installation. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio
frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the
instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications.
However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular
installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or
television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off
and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more
of the following measures:
Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.
Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which
the receiver is connected.
Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.
The user may find the following booklet prepared by the Federal
Communications Commission helpful:
The Interference Handbook
This booklet is available from the U.S. Government Printing Office,
Washington, D.C. 20402. Stock No. 004-000-0034504.
3Com is not responsible for any radio or television interference caused by
unauthorized modification of the devices included with this 3Com
OfficeConnect® ADSL Wireless 108Mbps 11g Firewall Router, Model
Number: WL-553, or the substitution or attachment of connecting cables and
equipment other than specified by 3Com.
The correction of interference caused by such unauthorized modification,
substitution or attachment will be the responsibility of the user.
Changes or modifications not expressly approved by 3Com could void the
user’s authority to operate this equipment.
REN (Ringer Equivalent Numbers) Statement
122
''NOTICE: The Ringer Equivalence Number (REN) assigned to each
terminal device provides an indication of the maximum number of terminals
allowed to be connected to a telephone interface. The termination on an
interface may consist of any combination of devices subject only to the
requirement that the sum of the Ringer Equivalence Numbers of all the
devices does not exceed 5.''
Attachment Limitations Statement
''Notice: This equipment meets telecommunications network protective,
operational and safety requirements as prescribed in the appropriate Terminal
Equipment Technical Requirements document(s). This is confirmed by
marking the equipment with the Industry Canada certification number. The
Department does not guarantee the equipment will operate to the user's
satisfaction.
Before installing this equipment, users should ensure that it is permissible to
be connected to the facilities of the local telecommunications company. The
equipment must also be installed using an acceptable method of connection.
The customer should be aware that compliance with the above conditions may
not prevent degradation of service in some situations.
Repairs to certified equipment should be coordinated by a representative
designated by the supplier. Any repairs or alterations made by the user to this
equipment, or equipment malfunctions, may give the telecommunications
company cause to request the user to disconnect the equipment.
Users should ensure for their own protection that the electrical ground
connections of the power utility, telephone lines and internal metallic water
pipe system, if present, are connected together. This precaution may be
particularly important in rural areas.
Caution: Users should not attempt to make such connections themselves, but
should contact the appropriate electric inspection authority, or electrician, as
appropriate.''
US Manufacturer’s FCC Declaration of Conformity
3Com Corporation
350 Campus Drive
Marlborough, MA 01752-3064, USA
123
(508) 323-5000
Date: April 30, 2006
Declares that the Product:
Brand Name: 3Com Corporation
Model Number: WL-553
Equipment Type: 3Com OfficeConnect® ADSL Wireless 108Mbps 11g
Firewall Router
Complies with Part 15 of the FCC rules. Operation is subject to the following
two conditions: (1) this device may not cause harmful interference, and (2)
this device must accept any interference received, including interference that
may cause undesired operation.
Industry Canada – RF Compliance
This device complies with RSS 210 of Industry Canada.
Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) this device may not
cause interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference, including
interference that may cause undesired operation of this device.
L ‘ utilisation de ce dispositif est autorisée seulement aux conditions
suivantes: (1) il ne doit pas produire de brouillage et (2) l’ utilisateur du
dispositif doit étre prêt à accepter tout brouillage radioélectrique reçu, même
si ce brouillage est susceptible de compromettre le fonctionnement du
dispositif.
The term "IC" before the equipment certification number only signifies that
the Industry Canada technical specifications were met.
To reduce potential radio interference to other users, the antenna type and its gain
should be so chosen that the equivalent isotropically radiated power (EIRP) is not
more than that required for successful communication. To prevent radio
3Com OfficeConnect® ADSL Wireless 108 Mbps 11g
Firewall Router
Model WL-553
124
interference to the licensed service, this device is intended to be operated indoors
and away from windows to provide maximum shielding. Equipment (or its
transmit antenna) that is installed outdoors is subject to licensing.
Pour empecher que cet appareil cause du brouillage au service faisant l'objet
d'une licence, il doit etre utilize a l'interieur et devrait etre place loin des
fenetres afin de Fournier un ecram de blindage maximal. Si le matriel (ou son
antenne d'emission) est installe a l'exterieur, il doit faire l'objet d'une licence.
This device has been designed to operate with an antenna having a maximum
gain of 2.02 dBi. Antenna having a higher gain is strictly prohibited per
regulations of Industry Canada. The required antenna impedance is 50 ohms.
Industry Canada – Emissions Compliance Statement
This Class B digital apparatus complies with Canadian ICES-003.
Avis de Conformité à la Réglementation d’Industrie Canada
Cet appareil numérique de la classe B est conform à la norme NMB-003 du
Canada.
Safety Compliance Notice
This device has been tested and certified according to the following safety
standards and is intended for use only in Information Technology Equipment
which has been tested to these or other equivalent standards:
UL Standard 60950-1
CAN/CSA C22.2 No. 60950-1
IEC 60950-1
EN 60950-1
125
EU Compliance
Intended use: ADSL 108Mbps 802.11g/b Firewall Router
For connection to ADSL networks
NOTE: To ensure product operation is in compliance with local regulations,
select the country in which the product is installed. Refer to 3Com
OfficeConnect® ADSL Wireless 108Mbps 11g Firewall Router User Guide.
This equipment may be operated in
AT BE CY CZ DK EE FI FR
DE GR HU IE IT LV LT LU
MT NL PL PT SK SI ES SE
GB IS LI NO CH BG RO TR
English Hereby, 3Com Corporation, declares that this RLAN device is in
compliance with the essential requirements and other relevant
provisions of Directive 1999/5/EC.
Finnish 3Com Corporation vakuuttaa täten että RLAN device tyyppinen laite
on direktiivin 1999/5/EY oleellisten vaatimusten ja sitä koskevien
direktiivin muiden ehtojen mukainen.
Dutch Hierbij verklaart 3Com Corporation dat het toestel RLAN device in
overeenstemming is met de essentiële eisen en de andere relevante
bepalingen van richtlijn 1999/5/EG
Bij deze verklaart 3Com Corporation dat deze RLAN device voldoet
aan de essentiële eisen en aan de overige relevante bepalingen van
Richtlijn 1999/5/EC.
French Par la présente 3Com Corporation déclare que l'appareil RLAN
device est conforme aux exigences essentielles et aux autres
dispositions pertinentes de la directive 1999/5/CE
Par la présente, 3Com Corporation déclare que ce RLAN device est
conforme aux exigences essentielles et aux autres dispositions de la
directive 1999/5/CE qui lui sont applicables
Swedish Härmed intygar 3Com Corporation att denna RLAN device står I
överensstämmelse med de väsentliga egenskapskrav och övriga
relevanta bestämmelser som framgår av direktiv 1999/5/EG.
Danish Undertegnede 3Com Corporation erklærer herved, at følgende
udstyr RLAN device overholder de væsentlige krav og øvrige
relevante krav i direktiv 1999/5/EF
126
A copy of the signed Declaration of Conformity can be downloaded from the
Product Support web page for the 3Com OfficeConnect® ADSL Wireless
108Mbps 11g Firewall Router at http://www.3com.com.
Also available at http://support.3com.com/doc/WL-553_EU_DOC.pdf
EU – Restrictions for Use in the 2.4GHz band
The device may be operated indoors in all countries of the European
Community using the 2.4GHz band: Channels 1 – 13.
Brazil RF Compliance
Este equipamento opera em caráter secundário, isto é, no tem direito a
proteço contra interferncia prejudicial, mesmo de estaçes do mesmo tipo, e no
causar interferncia a sistema operando em caráter primário.
German Hiermit erklärt 3Com Corporation, dass sich dieser/diese/dieses
RLAN device in Übereinstimmung mit den grundlegenden
Anforderungen und den anderen relevanten Vorschriften der
Richtlinie 1999/5/EG befindet". (BMWi)
Hiermit erklärt 3Com Corporation die Übereinstimmung des Gerätes
RLAN device mit den grundlegenden Anforderungen und den
anderen relevanten Festlegungen der Richtlinie 1999/5/EG. (Wien)
Greek 3Com Corporation RLAN device 1999/5/
Italian Con la presente 3Com Corporation dichiara che questo RLAN
device è conforme ai requisiti essenziali ed alle altre disposizioni
pertinenti stabilite dalla direttiva 1999/5/CE.
Spanish Por medio de la presente 3Com Corporation declara que el RLAN
device cumple con los requisitos esenciales y cualesquiera otras
disposiciones aplicables o exigibles de la Directiva 1999/5/CE
Portuguese 3Com Corporation declara que este RLAN device está conforme
com os requisitos essenciais e outras disposições da Directiva
1999/5/CE.
Malti Hawnhekk, 3Com Corporation, jiddikjara li dan RLAN device
jikkonforma mal-tiijiet essenzjali u ma provvedimenti orajn relevanti li
hemm fid-Dirrettiva 1999/5/EC
Estonian Käesolevaga kinnitab 3Com Corporation seadme RLAN device
vastavust direktiivi 1999/5/EÜ põhinõuetele ja nimetatud direktiivist
tulenevatele teistele asjakohastele sätetele.
Hungarian Alulírott, 3Com Corporation nyilatkozom, hogy a RLAN device
megfelel a vonatkozó alapvetõ követelményeknek és az 1999/5/EC
irányelv egyéb elõírásainak.
Slovak 3Com Corporation týmto vyhlasuje, že RLAN device spa základné
požiadavky a všetky príslušné ustanovenia Smernice 1999/5/ES.
Czech 3Com Corporation tímto prohlašuje, že tento RLAN device je ve
shod se základními požadavky a dalšími píslušnými ustanoveními
smrnice 1999/5/ES.
Slovene Šiuo 3Com Corporation deklaruoja, kad šis RLAN device atitinka
esminius reikalavimus ir kitas 1999/5/EB Direktyvos nuostatas.
Lithuanian Šiuo 3Com Corporation deklaruoja, kad šis RLAN device atitinka
esminius reikalavimus ir kitas 1999/5/EB Direktyvos nuostatas.
Latvian Ar šo 3Com Corporation deklar, ka RLAN device atbilst Direktvas
1999/5/EK btiskajm prasbm un citiem ar to saisttajiem noteikumiem.
127
128
INDEX
Numbers
802.1q 35
A
Access Rights 65
Addresses
IP 99
Administration Password 32, 46
Advanced 70
DDNS 73
RIP 71
routing table 73
static route 71
Automatic Addressing 101
C
Channels 119
Configuration
backup 69
restore 69
content filtering 66
Conventions
notice icons, About This Guide 8
text, About This Guide 8
Country Selection 30
D
DDNS 73, 74
DHCP 39, 47, 83, 101
DHCP Server 27
Discovery Application 97
DNS 26, 37
primary 37
secondary 37
DoS attacks 63
Dynamic IP Address 36, 59
E
Enable 802.1q 35
encryption 51
WEP 51
WPA 51
F
Firewall 59
SPI 63
Forgotten Password 89
I
Internet
addresses 99
IP Address 22, 38, 99
L
LAN 38, 47
LED 15
Login 98
M
MAC Address
modifying 58
N
Network
addresses 99
Networking
wireless 89
NICwireless 15
Nitro Mode 51
P
Password 29, 45
PC Privileges 62
PPPoE 28
R
Radius 53
Radius Server 53
Remote Administration 81
Reset to Factory Defaults 69, 89
Restart 67
RIP 71
setting up 72
S
Safety Information 20
security
remote administration 81
Setup Wizard 29, 46
Special Applications 61
SPI 63
Static Addressing 101
static route 71
Subnet Mask 38, 99
Summary 41
Support Information 85
Support Links 85
T
TCP/IP 25, 27, 39, 47, 99
Time Zone 33, 68
U
Unit Configuration 82
Upgrade 69
URL Filter 65
V
Virtual Servers 59
VLAN 35
W
Web Proxy 28
Wireless
channel selection 49
configuration 49
connection control 57
encryption 51
LED 16
networking 89
NIC 15
service area name 50
settings 40, 48
WMM 56
WPA encryption
configuring 52
3Com Corporation, Corporate Headquarters,
350 Campus Drive, Marlborough, MA
USA 01752-3064.
To learn more about 3Com products and services,
visit our World Wide Web site at www.3com.com
All specifications are subject to change without notice.
Copyright © 2006 3Com Corporation. All rights reserved.
3Com and OfficeConnect are registered trademarks of 3Com
Corporation. All other company and product names may be
trademarks of their respective companies.