Itron CCU100T AMR transceiver device reading AMR endpoints User Manual CCU 100 and Repeater 100 Installation Guide

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CCU 100 and Repeater 100 Installation Guide
Identification
CCU 100 and Repeater 100 Installation Guide
10/25/2010 TDC-0971-000
Copyright
© 2010 Itron, Inc. All rights reserved.
Confidentiality Notice
The information contained herein is proprietary and confidential and is being provided subject to the condition that (i) it be held in confidence except to the extent required otherwise by
law and (ii) it will be used only for the purposes described herein. Any third party that is given access to this information shall be similarly bound in writing.
Trademark Notice
Itron is a registered trademark of Itron, Inc.
All other product names and logos in this documentation are used for identification purposes only and may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies.
Suggestions
If you have comments or suggestions on how we may improve this documentation, send them to TechnicalCommunicationsManager@itron.com
If you have questions or comments about the software or hardware product, contact Itron Technical Support:
Contact
• Internet: www.itron.com
• E-mail: support@itron.com
• Phone: 1 877 487 6602
Compliance
This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. Operation is
subject to the following two conditions:
• This device may not cause harmful interference.
• This device must accept any interference that may cause undesirable operation.
This device must be permanently mounted such that it retains a distance of 22.7 centimeters (9 inches) from all persons in order to comply with FCC RF exposure levels.
USA, FCC Class B - Part 15
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable
protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance
with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation.
If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct
the interference by one or more of the following measures:
• Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
• Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.
• Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected.
• Consult the dealer or an experienced radio or TV technician for help.
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful
interference in a residential installation. Operation is subject to the following conditions:
• This device may not cause interference.
• This device must accept any interference that may cause undesired operation of the device.
CANADA, DOC ICES-003
This digital apparatus does not exceed the class B limits for radio noise emissions from digital apparatus set out in the Radio Interference Regulations of the Canadian Department of
Communications, standard ICES-003.
This equipment complies with policies RSS-210 and RSS-GEN of the Industry Canada rules.
Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) this device may not cause interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference, including interference that may cause
undesired operation of the device.
Avis de conformite aux normes du Ministere des Communications du Canada.
Le present appareil numerique n emet pas de bruits radioelectriques depassant les limites applicable aux appareils numeriques classe B prescrites dans le Reglement sur le brouillage
radioelectrique edicte par le Ministere des Communications du Canada, NMB-003.
Caution ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY
Use only approved accessories with this equipment. In general all cables must be
high quality, shielded, and correctly terminated. Unapproved modifications or
operation beyond or in conflict with these instructions for use, may void
authorization by the authorities to operate the equipment.
Contents
Before You Begin........................................................................................................... v
Documentation Conventions...........................................................................................................v
Related Documents....................................................................................................................... vi
Chapter 1 CCU/Repeater Basics ................................................................................. 1
CCU Configuration .........................................................................................................................1
CCU/Repeater Components ...........................................................................................................2
CCU/Repeater Module .........................................................................................................2
Remote GPS/WAN Antenna System ....................................................................................3
Endpoint Antenna.................................................................................................................5
Chapter 2 Planning a CCU/Repeater Installation ....................................................... 7
Installation Profiles .........................................................................................................................7
Siting CCUs/Repeaters ..................................................................................................................8
Propagation Study and CCU/Repeater Site Selection ...........................................................8
GPS and WAN Coverage .....................................................................................................8
AC Service Requirements ....................................................................................................9
External Ethernet Connections .............................................................................................9
Remote Endpoint Antenna Placement ..................................................................................9
Grounding the Antenna System ..........................................................................................10
Lightning Arrestor .........................................................................................................................11
AC Mains Power ..........................................................................................................................12
DC Mains Power ..........................................................................................................................12
Materials Not Provided by Itron.....................................................................................................13
Coaxial Cable.....................................................................................................................13
Antenna Connectors...........................................................................................................14
Mounting Hardware ............................................................................................................15
Chapter 3 Installing the CCU/Repeater ..................................................................... 17
Installation Overview ....................................................................................................................17
Attaching the GPS/WAN Remote Antennas ..................................................................................18
Attaching the Direct Mount Endpoint Antenna...............................................................................19
Attaching the CCU/Repeater ........................................................................................................21
Mounting Hardware ............................................................................................................21
Pipe Mount.........................................................................................................................22
Pole Mount.........................................................................................................................24
Wall Mount .........................................................................................................................26
Davit Arm Mount ................................................................................................................27
Connecting Cables .......................................................................................................................29
Installing the Battery .....................................................................................................................30
Providing Power ...........................................................................................................................32
AC Mains Non-Remote Installation Diagram .................................................................................33
Tower Installation .........................................................................................................................33
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Contents
Tower Installation Overview................................................................................................34
TCU Components...............................................................................................................35
AC Tower Installation Diagram ...........................................................................................38
Solar Powered Installation ............................................................................................................39
Solar Installation Overview .................................................................................................39
Solar Wiring Diagram .........................................................................................................40
Solar Installation Diagram...................................................................................................41
Chapter 4 Battery Care and Replacement ................................................................ 43
Shipping Requirements ................................................................................................................43
Battery Storage and Charging ......................................................................................................44
Long-Term Storage ............................................................................................................44
State of Charge ..................................................................................................................45
Charge the Battery .............................................................................................................45
Battery Service Life ......................................................................................................................46
Calendar Life......................................................................................................................46
Preventative Maintenance ..................................................................................................46
Replacing the Integrated Battery ..................................................................................................47
Appendix A Detailed CCU/Repeater Specifications................................................. 49
CCU/Repeater Dimensions and Weight ........................................................................................49
Antenna Specifications - 100 ........................................................................................................50
Environmental Specifications........................................................................................................51
Transmitter...................................................................................................................................51
CCU/Repeater Power Operating Range .......................................................................................51
Battery Pack.................................................................................................................................52
Appendix B Status and Diagnostics ......................................................................... 53
Status Indicator ............................................................................................................................53
Diagnostic Port .............................................................................................................................54
Performing an Antenna Sweep Test .............................................................................................55
Index ............................................................................................................................. 57
iv
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Before You Begin
Important Proper installation of the CCU/Repeater ensures trouble-free operation
of the Itron Fixed Network system. The installation of both the collector and
repeater must be done by professional installers.
Documentation Conventions
This document uses the following conventions.
Convention
Example
Key presses are in bold.
Click OK to finish.
Menu paths are in bold.
Select Start > File > Save As.
Computer commands to be typed by the user
are in a monospace font.
At the C: prompt, type cd itron/bin
File names are in a monospace font.
The data is uploaded to the upload.dat file
Hypertext links are blue.
See the Copyright page for the contact information.
Note A note indicates neutral or positive information that stresses or
supplements important points of the main text. A note supplies information that
may apply only in special cases.
Caution A caution advises users that failure to take or avoid a specified action
could result in a loss of data.
Warning A warning advises users that failure to take or avoid a specified
action could result in physical harm to the user or the hardware.
Tip A tip helps users apply the techniques and procedures described in the text
to their specific needs. A tip is not essential to the basic understanding of the text.
CCU 100 and Repeater 100 Installation Guide
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Before You Begin
Related Documents
For more information about CCUs/Repeaters and the Fixed Network, see the following:
•
Collector Configuration Application v4.0 User Guide
Fixed Network system administrators must use this document to properly configure
CCU 100s before they are installed in the field.
•
Network Collection Engine v4.0 User Guide
•
Motorola R56 Manual- Standards and Guidelines for Communication Sites
Available from Motorola. This manual illustrates industry best practices for mounting
and grounding antenna systems, and routing antenna cables into buildings. Use this
guide as a reference when remotely mounting the endpoint antenna.
vi
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CHAPT
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CCU/Repeater Basics
The CCU 100 (also known as a cell control unit or collector) and the Repeater 100 are
configurable for different installation locations, including:
•
On a water or communications tower.
•
On a pole (such as an electricity or light pole).
•
On a wall (indoor or outdoor).
•
On a pipe (between 2 and 3.5 inches in diameter).
Integrated mounting and coupling brackets secure the device in high winds and under heavy
ice loads.
The CCU 100 also supports an optional solar power kit. Kits are sized by peak sun hour
calculations which vary regionally across the country. The kit includes solar panels and a
large battery backup unit. Size and weights vary by package type (based on peak sun
hours).
A CCU/Repeater consists of a number of components in a single weatherproof device.
Electrical components are encased in a plastic enclosure that provides double insulation and
a high level of safety for the installer.
Caution Only authorized Itron personnel may open the CCU or Repeater.
Unauthorized access to the module voids the warranty.
Modification of this device voids the warranty and could cause non-compliance with
FCC rules.
CCU Configuration
A Fixed Network system administrator must configure each CCU 100 before it can be
installed in the field. Verify with your supervisor or the system administrator that all CCUs
are configured before you attempt to install them.
Please see the Collector Configuration Application v4.0 User Guide for more information.
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Chapter 1 CCU/Repeater Basics
CCU/Repeater Components
The CCU 100 and Repeater 100 come in two basic configurations, non-remote and remote.
The remote CCU/Repeater configuration replaces the internal antennas with external
antenna connectors allowing both GPS and WAN antennas to be mounted in a remote
location. In the case of the Repeater 100, only an external GPS connection is provided; a
WAN modem is not present in a repeater. Both non-remote and remote configurations allow
for remotely mounting the endpoint antenna by removing the antenna from the unit and
attaching it to a remote antenna mounting plate.
Since the CCU/Repeater may be installed in an outdoor environment, each component of
the CCU/Repeater is weather-tight and can withstand wind requirements in excess of 100
MPH.
Note When determining the configuration of the CCU/Repeater, be sure to review
the Itron CCU 100 Ordering Guide or the Itron Repeater 100 Ordering Guide for
specific part numbers, cable lengths, and various options for the components.
CCU/Repeater Module
The CCU/Repeater operates in the 902 to 928 MHz frequency range. The CCU/Repeater
case houses the backup battery, GPS receiver, optional WAN radio, processing board and
endpoint radio. The antennas for the radios can be either internally connected or remotely
connected, depending on the CCU/Repeater configuration.
Caution Only authorized Itron personnel may open the CCU/Repeater. Unauthorized
access to the module voids the warranty.
An example of the remote CCU is shown below; the component connections are described
in the following table.
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CCU/Repeater Components
Item
Description
CCU/Repeater module
Processes data from the antennas and relays it on to the Fixed Network Application Software. Only
authorized Itron personnel may open this module.
Endpoint antenna
This 900MHz antenna receives messages from and sends messages to endpoints and repeaters in the
network. The connection for this antenna is a Type N female.
CCU/Repeater label
Displays the collector identification number, model number, and other associated information.
Power connector
Supplies power to the CCU/Repeater module. AC mains, DC, or solar power options are available. A
three pin cable connects the CCU/Repeater to the mains supply. A two pin cable connects the
CCU/Repeater to a DC supply. A five pin cable connects the CCU/Repeater to the solar system.
Remote GPS antenna connector
This female SMA connector is only on the remote CCU/Repeater. Use this connector when remotely
mounting the GPS antenna.
Remote WAN antenna connector
This female N connector is only on the remote CCU. Use this connector when remotely mounting
the WAN antenna.
Ethernet
Connects the CCU/Repeater to the Ethernet backhaul. Also used to connect the CCU/Repeater to a
router for initial collector setup. Mating weatherproof cables are available from Itron. These cables are
sealed industrial ethernet circular IP67 connectors (CONEC)
Note A waterproof cap seals the Ethernet port from the elements in the field. Be sure to securely
attach the cap once the collector is installed.
Ground lug
The ground lug is provided on both the CCU and the Repeater and should be attached to earth ground
according to local regulations. This ground helps protect the internal circuitry from high voltage
transient events. The ground lug accepts AWG minimum wire size 14, and maximum wire size 4.
Status indicator
This indicator displays the current operational status of the CCU/Repeater. See Status Indicator on
page 53 for more information.
(Not shown) Battery door
Removal of this door allows access to the replaceable battery pack.
Remote GPS/WAN Antenna System
The remote CCU/Repeater configuration uses a GPS/WAN antenna kit that is connected to
the CCU/Repeater by one or two separate pieces of coaxial cable.
•
The WAN antenna is only connected in CCU installations that use a wide area
network backhaul system.
•
The GPS antenna is used in all deployments of this system.
The antennas must be installed in a location that allows reception of GPS and WAN signals.
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Chapter 1 CCU/Repeater Basics
Itron recommends using a handheld GPS unit to verify that your GPS antenna mounting
location can receive a signal from at least three satellites.
If you are using a GPRS WAN backhaul, Itron recommends testing the GPRS antenna at
your desired installation to ensure that GPRS service is available at that location.
For more information, see GPS and WAN Coverage on page 8.
Caution The GPS antenna must be oriented vertically when installed, and it must
have an unobstructed view of the sky to properly receive a GPS signal.
The GPS/WAN antenna system is shown below.
Item
Description
GPS antenna
Receives GPS data from orbiting satellites. The cable
connection on the bottom of this antenna is TNC Female.
Mounting bracket
Attaches the antenna to your desired mounting location.
Antenna masts
Provide support for the GPS and WAN antennas. Cables for
each antenna are routed through the masts. Clamps on the front
of the mounting bracket secure the masts.
WAN antenna (CCU only)
Provides the wide-area network (WAN) signal for the CCU.
The Repeater does not use this antenna. The cable connection
on the bottom of this antenna is N Female.
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CCU/Repeater Components
Endpoint Antenna
The Endpoint antenna transmits and receives data messages from endpoints and repeaters in
the network.
There are five possible antennas (two direct attached antennas and three remote antennas)
that may be used for the endpoint radio link.
•
A standard vertically or horizontally polarized antenna that is directly attached to the
CCU/Repeater.
•
A standard vertically or horizontally polarized antenna that can be connected
remotely, in place of the direct attached solution.
•
A high-gain vertically polarized remote antenna (8.15dBi) that is mounted remotely in
place of the direct attached solution. This antenna is only approved for the Tower
CCU with proper cable loss to meet FCC regulations.
•
Remote antennas must be properly grounded during installation. When a remote
antenna is used, a lightning arrestor is supplied for this purpose.
•
The remote antenna's maximum allowed installation height above ground is 100 feet.
Installation heights are determined by RF propagation studies by Itron systems
engineering. If additional height is needed for the antenna, the tower version of the
CCU is recommended.
•
Coaxial cable used to connect the endpoint antenna to the CCU/Receiver must be
properly grounded. See Lightning Arrestor on page 11 for more information.
•
All coaxial cable connections must be properly weather-proofed per industry
standards, unless otherwise specified. If the CCU/Repeater is installed indoors, only
the connections located outside need to be weather-proofed.
When the CCU/Repeater is ordered with a remote antenna kit, some associated mounting
hardware is included. Coaxial cables for the remote antennas are not included in the kit.
These cables must be provided by the installer. Please see Coaxial Cable on page 13 for
coaxial cable specifications.
For more information, see:
•
Antenna Specifications on page 50
•
Remote Endpoint Antenna Placement on page 9
•
Grounding the Remote Antenna System on page 10
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Chapter 1 CCU/Repeater Basics
CCU 100 and Repeater 100 Installation Guide
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CHAPT
ER
Planning a CCU/Repeater Installation
This chapter describes how to prepare for a CCU/repeater installation.
Installation Profiles
The CCU/Repeater can be installed in a variety of configurations and locations.
Depending on the installation location, the CCU or Repeater components may be installed
all in the same place (as an integrated solution), or the antennas may be installed remotely
from the CCU/Repeater (as a distributed solution).
For example, the CCU/Repeater can be installed at the base of a water tower, the
GPS/WAN antenna system can be mounted up to 12 feet away for optimum reception, and
the endpoint antenna can be placed at the top of the water tower.
The following profiles have been identified for CCU installation.
Location
Description
Utility pole
The CCU/Repeater is installed on a utility pole. The CCU/Repeater should
be mounted as high as possible on the pole for optimum reception.
Light pole
The CCU/Repeater is installed on either a light pole or the davit arm that
extends from the light pole. The CCU/Repeater should be mounted as high
as possible on the pole for optimum reception.
Outdoor wall or pipe with remote
antenna
The CCU/Repeater is installed on an outside wall or pipe with the endpoint
antenna remotely mounted to achieve the maximum elevation and
reception.
Indoor wall or pipe with remote
antenna
The CCU/Repeater is installed inside an equipment room with the endpoint
antenna remotely (and externally) mounted to achieve maximum elevation
and reception. The WAN (or other digital cellular) and GPS antenna are
remotely (and externally) mounted to provide acceptable coverage.
Pipe
The CCU/Repeater is secured to a pipe or fence railing (from 2 to 3.5
inches in diameter). This type of installation typically occurs on the tops of
water towers.
For more information on these various profiles, as well as the Itron-recommended profile,
see Chapter 3, Installing the CCU/Repeater on page 17.
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Chapter 2 Planning a CCU/Repeater Installation
Siting CCUs/Repeaters
CCUs/Repeaters are installed in the field on a variety of surfaces, such as wooden or metal
walls, metal pipes, fence railing, and utility poles.
When determining where to place the CCU/Repeater, there are four primary considerations:
•
Siting for optimum RF reception.
•
Siting for optimum GPS and/or WAN reception.
•
Availability of Ethernet connection (if required).
•
Availability of power connection.
•
Availability of a structure or location that can physically support the CCU/Repeater
and its mounting hardware.
Caution Always ensure that you have permission to install a CCU/Repeater at
your chosen site prior to beginning installation.
Propagation Study and CCU/Repeater Site Selection
Prior to installing a CCU/Repeater in the field, consult with Itron to perform a propagation
study. This study:
•
Evaluates the quantity and types of endpoints in the network.
•
Assesses environmental and geographical considerations related to CCU/Repeater
installation.
•
Optimizes CCU/Repeater placement in the network for the best possible reception.
•
Helps influence the physical and structural implications of mounting a CCU/Repeater
to a given surface.
Once the propagation study is complete, you can determine exactly where to install
CCUs/Repeaters and what they will be mounted to.
GPS and WAN Coverage
CCUs/Repeaters must be installed in locations where a GPS signal is strong and consistent.
If WAN is being used as the communications backhaul for the network, a strong and
consistent WAN signal is required as well (for CCUs only). If the signal is too weak, or its
availability fluctuates, the CCU/Repeater can not gather accurate date/time information or
communicate with the Fixed Network software.
Itron recommends using a handheld GPS unit to verify that your CCU/Repeater or remote
GPS antenna mounting location can receive a signal from at least three satellites.
If you are using a GPRS WAN backhaul, Itron recommends testing the CCU or remote
GPRS antenna at your desired installation to ensure that GPRS service is available at that
location.
CCU 100 and Repeater 100 Installation Guide
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Siting CCUs/Repeaters
To ensure the best possible signal, avoid installing the CCU/Repeater or the remote
antennas in the following ways:
•
Adjacent to or between tall buildings, signs, towers, or bridges.
•
Near swaying limbs, branches, or cables that could strike and damage the antenna.
•
Between, beneath, or near highway overpasses, elevated train platforms, or tunnels.
•
Near objects or devices attached to the same pole.
•
Within 500 feet of high power radio frequency (RF) transmitters (such as paging
transmitters, cellular transmitters, and municipal communications transmitters).
•
Near potential broadband sources of radiated RF energy (such as power line
transformers, RADAR transmitters, cellular antennas, and neon or fluorescent signs).
•
Inside metal enclosures (the antenna will not communicate if surrounded by metal) or
inside a building. The CCU/Repeater can be installed in a building or other metal
enclosure, but the antennas must be installed remotely.
Warning! Before installing a CCU/Repeater near or on the same pole as a
transformer, consult the National Electrical Safety Code (NESC), local utilities,
municipalities, and cable and telephone companies for recommended distances
from transformers and power lines.
AC Service Requirements
A 90 to 265 VAC 10A power source is required at the installation site for the
CCU/Repeater, unless you are using the DC CCU/Repeater or the solar CCU/Repeater. For
more information on these options, see Mains Power Installation Profiles on page 12 or
Solar Power Installation Profiles on page 39.
External Ethernet Connections
If the Ethernet connection is used as the communications backhaul, the CCU installation
site must have Ethernet access. Also, be sure to use weatherproof cables in this type of
installation.
Caution When using Ethernet as the communications backhaul, the CCU must be
identified as Ethernet-based when performing Initial Collector Setup (ICS). Failure
to do so prohibits the CCU from communicating with the Network Collection
Engine.
Remote Endpoint Antenna Placement
Antenna placement is one of the most important factors in determining your overall system
performance. Careful consideration must be given to proper antenna placement. Follow the
general guidelines below when determining the ideal location for a remote-mounted
endpoint antenna.
•
The antenna needs to be mounted in a location where it has a clear unobstructed 360
degree view of the horizon.
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Chapter 2 Planning a CCU/Repeater Installation
•
The antenna receives and transmits in all directions. Any objects such as building
walls, nearby metal surfaces or other obstructions will interfere with the proper
operation of the antenna.
•
Do not mount the antenna near existing RF radiating antennas. If existing RF radiators
are nearby, the horizontal separation distance to the radiator must be a minimum of
100 feet and/or 10 feet of vertical separation. In instances where nearby RF radiators
are present, conduct an intermodulation interference study to evaluate the potential for
interference and any effects it may have on system performance. Consult with your
Itron systems engineer for more information.
•
When mounting the antenna, evaluate nearby buildings and the effect they may have
on system performance. Mounting on a rooftop, where nearby buildings are higher
than the installation location, is not an ideal location for the antenna.
•
Height is preferred for optimal performance. Mount the antenna as high as possible,
but no higher than 100 feet. If the antenna is going to be more than 100 feet above the
CCU, you should use a Tower CCU 100.
A side arm antenna installation must be done if the endpoint antenna is mounted where it
does not have an unobstructed 360-degree view. Refer to the following guidelines for a side
arm antenna installation.
•
For the endpoint antenna, the minimum standoff distance is 24 inches, where the
interfering structural members are four inches or less in diameter and spaced more
than eight feet apart.
•
For structural members between 4 and 10 inches in diameter, a sliding scale of 2 to 5
feet is to be used. (For example, a 24 inch standoff at 4 inch diameter to a 60 inch
standoff at 10 inch member diameter.)
•
When local site conditions do not meet this requirement (for example, when structural
members are greater than 10 inches in diameter and/or members are less than 8 feet
apart), additional analysis is required to determine the effect on the pattern.
Adjustment to the propagation model may be needed. Provide Itron with the diameter
of the structural members and the distance between them so that a thorough analysis
can be performed. If the structure covers more than 30 degrees of the pattern (as
measured from the proposed standoff distance), the site is considered as a 180 degree
sector from a systems design perspective and another CCU/Repeater and antenna need
to be installed on the opposite side of the structure.
Grounding the Antenna System
To minimize the potential for a lightning event, it is essential that the remote antenna
system be properly grounded. Proper grounding prevents the accumulation of static charges
on the antenna system and also provides a direct discharge to ground for any acquired
charges.
All grounding materials and procedures must meet or exceed local codes. Use coaxial
grounding kits recommended by the coaxial cable manufacturer.
Warning Under no circumstances should the antenna grounding wires be run
inside a building. Always install ground bars and grounding material on the
exterior of buildings.
10
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Lightning Arrestor
The recommended procedure for grounding the antenna system is as follows:
•
Mount a copper ground bar near the antenna. This is the top ground bar.
•
Mount a second copper ground bar near the CCU/Repeater. This is the bottom ground
bar.
•
Connect the two ground bars with a #6 gauge green jacketed stranded wire or a #2
solid copper wire.
•
Ground the antenna mount and the top coaxial ground kit to the top ground bar.
•
Ground the bottom coaxial ground kit and the lightning arrestor to the bottom ground
bar.
•
Connect the bottom ground bar to one or more earth ground rods.
•
All ground wires should be connected straight to ground, with no right angle turns or
sharp bends in the wires.
•
Install ground leads on coaxial grounding kits without loops or bends and install
grounding kits in the proper orientation per the manufacturer's specifications.
Lightning Arrestor
A lightning arrestor (or surge protector) capable of withstanding multiple lightning strikes
should be installed when using a remote mount antenna. This helps protect the
CCU/Repeater in the event of a lightning strike.
The lightning arrestor is fitted to the coaxial antenna cable at the SURGE end and the RF
jumper cable that connects to the CCU/Repeater module at the PROTECTED end. It
includes a bulkhead connector interface that mounts to a ground plate with a washer and
nut. The arrestor is also furnished with a ground lug, if your installation does not have
provisions for a ground plate. The ground lug on the arrestor is designed for #2AWG solid
or stranded wire. The ground wire must be crimped to this lug, never soldered.
Caution The lightning arrestor must be connected to an earth-ground.
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Chapter 2 Planning a CCU/Repeater Installation
The top and bottom ends of the coaxial cable attached to the tower should be electrically
grounded with kits for lightning protection. The antenna input connection cannot serve as
the top ground point. For cable lengths in excess of 200 feet, ground the vertical cable run at
the midpoint and then each additional 200 feet.
Note The installer must supply any mounting brackets and cable-management clips
to secure the coaxial cable to the tower or structure, when using a remote mount
antenna. Consult your cable manufacturer for specifications on proper clips and
grounding kits. Conduit clamps and tie wraps are not satisfactory methods for
securing coaxial cables.
For remote installation with a high gain antenna, a lightning arrestor is supplied by Itron in
the CCU 100/Repeater 100 kit materials.
AC Mains Power
The AC mains wiring to the CCU/Repeater utilizes a three conductor cable. This cable can
be terminated with either a NEMA L5-15 (125V, 15A) or a NEMA L6-15 (250V, 15A)
locking plug in order to meet local electrical codes. The CCU should be powered by a
dedicated 10A circuit. The CCU/Repeater should not be connected to a circuit protected by
a GFCI breaker. Power wiring on the Itron supplied power cable follows conventional color
coding for AC wiring: Green/Ground, White/Neutral, Black/Hot.
DC Mains Power
The DC wiring to the CCU/Repeater utilizes a two conductor cable. The CCU should be
connected to a 10A DC circuit breaker or fuse. Wiring of the Itron supplied two conductor
cable is accomplished by attaching the red wire to a +12V source and attaching the black
wire to ground.
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Materials Not Provided by Itron
Materials Not Provided by Itron
The following materials are not provided by Itron in the CCU/Repeater kit, but are required
for installation.
Please acquire these items prior to beginning an installation.
•
Coaxial cable on page 13
•
Connectors on page 14
•
Mounting hardware on page 14
Coaxial Cable
When remote mounting the antennas, coaxial cable must be supplied to connect the antenna
to the CCU/Repeater. The proper size of cable is dependent on total cable length and
frequency. Coaxial cable also requires proper hoisting grips, ground kits, connectors,
jumpers, hangers, and weather proofing material. Coaxial cable and accessories are not
provided by Itron. Coaxial cable systems must be installed according to the manufacturer's
specifications. Itron recommends using qualified radio installation contractors to install the
remote antenna system. See Motorola R56 guidelines for recommended practices on cable
installation.
Cable lengths should not exceed 12 feet, except when used with the high-gain antenna.
Remote Mount Endpoint Antenna on a Standard CCU/Repeater
When selecting cable for the remote mount unity gain endpoint antenna on the standard
(non-tower) CCU/Repeater, total cable loss cannot exceed 1.5 dB to maintain system
performance. Allow 0.1 dB loss for each connector.
Remote Mount High Gain (8.15 dBi) Endpointed Antenna on a Tower CCU
When selecting cable for the remote mount high gain (8.15 dBi) endpoint antenna on the
tower CCU, total calculated loss between the tower cabinet and the antenna must be greater
than 2 dB, but less than 3.5 dB.
Warning This 2 dB loss is required to prevent exceeding the maximum EIRP,
as set by the FCC.
Allow 0.1 dB loss for each connector. If required, a 1 dB attenuator (similar to the
Pasternack PE7002-1) may be used to attain the desired power at the antenna.
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Antenna Sweep Test
After remote antenna installation perform an antenna system sweep test and verify that
VSWR (voltage standing wave ratio) does not exceed 1.5:1. For more information, see
Perform an Antenna Sweep Test on page 55.
Caution All coaxial cable used to connect an antenna to the CCU/Repeater must be
properly grounded at the top and bottom of the coaxial line. Additionally, any cable
lengths of 200 feet or greater must be grounded each 100 feet. See Lightning
Arrestor on page 11 for more information.
The following table lists the possible coaxial cable lengths and specifications.
Coax specification
Total Coaxial length
0-120 ft.
121-200 ft. (high- 201-250 ft. (highgain antenna
gain antenna
only)
only)
Standard black jacket cable
AVA5-50
AVA6-50
AVA7-50
Optional fire retardant cable
AVA5RK-50
AVA6RK-50
AVA7RK-50
Cable diameter (nominal)
7/8 in.
1-1/4 in.
1-5/8 in.
Cable weight (lb./ft.)
0.33
0.46
0.70
Minimum bend radius
10 in.
8 in.
15 in.
Cable attenuation @ 915 MHz
~ 1.2 dB/100 ft.
~ 0.84 dB/100 ft.
~0.70 dB/100 ft.
Antenna Connectors
Connectors for the endpoint and WAN antenna cables need to be male Type N connectors
and must be sized according to the type of coaxial cable used. The GPS cable requires TNC
male and SMA male connectors. These connectors are available from a variety of
manufacturers.
Important All coaxial cable connections must be properly weather-proofed per
industry standards unless otherwise specified. If the CCU/Repeater is installed
indoors, only the connections located outside need to be weather-proofed.
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Mounting Hardware
Depending on your installation location and configuration, the following mounting
hardware must be supplied by the installer to properly attach the CCU/Repeater to the
mounting surface.
Caution Since each installation is unique, you must ensure that the mounting
hardware you supply can securely support the CCU/Repeater. The CCU/Repeater
(minus attachment hardware) weighs 7 pounds. Itron recommends consulting with a
qualified engineer to verify load requirements and safety issues. Also, be sure to
check and comply with local codes when installing the CCU/Repeater.
Profile
Mounting surface
Suggested hardware/sizing
Utility pole
Wood or steel pole
High-strength stainless steel straps
Light pole
Steel light pole
High-strength stainless steel straps
Outdoor wall or pole with Concrete, wood, or steel wall
remote antenna
Wood or steel pole
Indoor wall or pole with
remote antenna
Pipe
1/4 inch-20 lag screws or 1/4 inch-20 molly bolts
High-strength stainless steel straps
Concrete, wood, sheetrock, or
steel wall
1/4 inch-20 lag screws or 1/4 inch-20 molly bolts
Wood or steel pole
High-strength stainless steel straps
2.5 inch to 3.5 inch galvanized Two pipe mount brackets for pipes up to 3.5 inches in
diameter, supplied by Itron (part number FAB-0192steel pipe
001, two brackets are required for each
CCU/Repeater).
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CHAPT
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Installing the CCU/Repeater
This chapter shows you how to install a CCU/Repeater in the field, using the Itronrecommended installation method.
The CCU/Repeater can be installed in a variety of ways. Several different CCU/Repeater
installation profiles are shown in this chapter, for both mains powered and solar powered
CCU/Repeaters.
Warning Before installing a CCU/Repeater, ensure that the selected location can
support the weight of the CCU/Repeater and mounting hardware. A thorough
structural analysis should be performed by a qualified engineer at your desired
location prior to installation. Itron is not responsible for improper installations or for
installations at a site that cannot adequately support the CCU/Repeater.
Installation Overview
The following section shows you how to install a CCU/Repeater using the Itronrecommended profile. This profile calls for the CCU/Repeater to be mounted to a 2 inch
diameter vertical pipe. A 110V source supplies mains power to the CCU/Repeater.
Caution Prior to installing a CCU in the field, be sure to configure it as described in
the Collector Configuration Application v4.0 User Guide. A CCU cannot be
configured after it has been installed in the field. Repeaters do not require preinstallation configuration.
There are several main steps to perform. Each step is described in more detail in the
following sections.
1. Attach the remote antennas on page 18 (if necessary).
2. Attach the direct mount endpoint antenna on page 19 (if necessary).
3. Attach the CCU/Repeater to the mounting surface on page 21.
4. Connect the cables on page 29.
5. Install the battery on page 30.
Caution Do not move or transport the CCU without first disconnecting the battery.
Moving or tilting a CCU with the battery connected may cause the CCU to reset to the
factory image.
6. Provide power on page 32.
7. Perform an antenna sweep test on page 55.
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Chapter 3 Installing the CCU/Repeater
Attaching the GPS/WAN Remote Antennas
The GPS and WAN remote antennas can be attached to pipes, poles, walls, and davit arms.
A typical pole mount assembly is shown below.
To attach the GPS/WAN remote antennas
•
For step-by-step assembly instructions, see the GPS/WAN Remote Antenna Mounting
Kit Assembly Guide included with the GPS/WAN Remote Antenna Mounting Kit.
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Attaching the Direct Mount Endpoint Antenna
Attaching the Direct Mount Endpoint Antenna
Attach the direct mount endpoint antenna before mounting the CCU/Repeater in its
permanent location.
To attach the direct mount endpoint antenna
1. Screw the antenna onto the top of the CCU/Repeater. Be careful not to cross-thread
the connectors. Do not over tighten.
2. Slide the antenna sleeve over the antenna, ensuring that the front of the antenna sleeve
(1) is to the front of the CCU/Repeater.
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3. Using the included screws, washers, and lock washers, screw the antenna sleeve to the
top of the CCU/Repeater. Tighten the screws to 5 to 6 in/lbs.
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Attaching the CCU/Repeater
Attaching the CCU/Repeater
The CCU/Repeater may be attached to a variety of surfaces. See the following sections for
diagrams showing some of the possible configurations.
•
Pipe mount on page 22
•
Pole mount on page 24
•
Wall mount on page 26
•
Davit arm mount on page 27
Mounting Hardware
This set of hardware can be adapted to mount the CCU/Repeater in many different
locations.
For pole or pipe mounts, the mounting hardware consists of a mounting plate, two brackets,
four bolts, and a set screw.
For a wall mount, use two metal brackets (not shown below), four mounting bolts, nuts, and
lock washers to prepare the CCU for mounting. Itron does not supply the hardware
necessary to mount the CCU wall mounting brackets to the wall.
An integrated mounting support on the back of the CCU/Repeater enclosure slides into the
slot in the center of the mounting bracket. A set screw locks the CCU/Repeater to the
mounting bracket. Orientation of the enclosure may be adjusted +/- 16 degrees horizontal
to compensate for different angles.
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Chapter 3 Installing the CCU/Repeater
Pipe Mount
The image below illustrates a typical vertical pipe installation. The CCU/Repeater may also
be attached to a horizontal pipe.
In this case the CCU/Repeater mounting plate is attached to the vertical pipe with the
mounting brackets and the CCU/Repeater enclosure is secured to the mounting plate. The
power cable is connected to the available AC service with either the un-terminated pigtail
power cable or the grounded outlet plug power cable (optional).
To mount the CCU/Repeater on a pipe
1. Using the two mounting brackets and four bolts, attach the mounting plate to the pipe.
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Attaching the CCU/Repeater
2. Insert the mounting disc into the mounting plate keyhole.
3. Using the provided set screws, secure the CCU to the mounting plate in the upright
position.
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Chapter 3 Installing the CCU/Repeater
Pole Mount
If the vertical pipe or pole exceeds 6.75 inches in diameter, metal bands may be used in
place of the mounting brackets to secure the mounting plate to the pipe or pole. Two sets of
slots (1.5 in. long) on the mounting plate are provided for the metal bands. If the pole is
large in diameter, Itron recommends that the endpoint antenna be remote mounted to
achieve optimum RF performance.
To mount the CCU/Repeater on a pole
1. Insert the mounting disc (on the back of the CCU) into the mounting plate keyhole.
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Attaching the CCU/Repeater
2. Using the provided set screws, secure the CCU to the mounting plate in the upright
position.
3. Using two steel straps, attach the mounting plate to the pole.
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Chapter 3 Installing the CCU/Repeater
Wall Mount
The following image illustrates a wall mount installation. In this scenario two brackets are
secured to the flat wall surface and the CCU/Repeater is bolted to the brackets. The power
cable may be connected to a standard outlet or other available AC service. It may be
necessary to use the remote antenna kit to achieve optimum RF performance and GPS
coverage if mounted indoors or if the wall obstructs the desired RF path.
To mount the CCU/Repeater on a wall
1. Using four bolts, secure the CCU to the two wall mounting brackets.
2. Using four appropriate screws or bolts (not provided by Itron), attach the mounting
brackets to the wall.
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Attaching the CCU/Repeater
Davit Arm Mount
The figure below illustrates a typical utility pole or street light pole installation. The
CCU/Repeater is mounted on a davit arm or the street light arm. Two types of power
connections are typical. A photocell adapter cable may be used when the CCU/Repeater is
mounted on a street light arm. This cable plugs into the photocell sensor of the street light.
If the CCU/Repeater is mounted on a davit arm with no street light, the un-terminated
pigtail power cable may be connected to the AC service at the pole.
To mount the CCU/Repeater on a davit arm
1. Using the two mounting brackets and four bolts, attach the mounting plate to the davit
arm.
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Chapter 3 Installing the CCU/Repeater
2. Insert the mounting disc into the mounting plate keyhole. The following photos are
shown off the davit arm for clarity.
3. Using the provided set screws, secure the CCU to the mounting plate in the upright
position.
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Connecting Cables
Connecting Cables
Connect the remote antenna cables (if needed), Ethernet cable (if needed), and grounding
wire.
Because of the variable requirements for cable length, cables are not provided by Itron.
Important All coaxial cable connections must be properly weather-proofed per
industry standards unless otherwise specified. If the CCU/Repeater is installed
indoors, only the connections located outside need to be weather-proofed.
To connect cables
1. The GPS cable has an SMA connector on one end and a TNC connector on the other
end. Connect the SMA connector end of the GPS antenna cable to the CCU/Repeater.
Connect the TNC end of the GPS cable to the remote GPS antenna.
2. The WAN cable has a TNC connector on one end and an N connector on the other
end. Connect the N connector end of the WAN antenna cable to the CCU. Connect the
TNC end of the cable to the remote WAN antenna.
Note Repeaters do not use WAN antennas.
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Chapter 3 Installing the CCU/Repeater
3. If you are using a remote endpoint antenna, attach the endpoint antenna cable to the
connector on the top of the CCU/Repeater.
Important Using weatherproof tape, wrap the remote endpoint antenna connection
on the top of the CCU/Repeater. Wrap from the CCU/Repeater up to the antenna
cable.
4. If you are using an Ethernet backhaul, attach the Ethernet cable ensuring the weathertight connector is properly secured. If the Ethernet connection is not used, secure the
weatherproof cap.
5. The grounding lug should be attached to earth ground according to local codes.
Installing the Battery
To install the battery
1. Remove the battery cover by loosening the four screws securing it.
These are captive screws and do not need to be fully removed from the battery cover.
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Installing the Battery
2. Plug in the four pin battery wiring harness. The harness should snap into place,
providing a secure connection.
3. Slide the battery into the battery compartment.
4. Replace the battery compartment cover, and torque the screws to 6 inch-pounds.
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Chapter 3 Installing the CCU/Repeater
Providing Power
The final step of the CCU/Repeater installation is to provide power to the CCU. Depending
on the CCU/Repeater model, either a two pin cable (DC), three pin cable (AC), or a five pin
cable (solar) is required.
Caution Do not move or tilt the CCU for one minute after connecting power.
Moving or tilting a CCU too soon after connecting power may cause it to reset to
the factory image.
To provide power
1. Plug the appropriate cable in to the CCU/Repeater.
Note The connector is keyed so that the cable can connect in only one orientation.
2. Securely fasten the power cable to the CCU/Repeater by tightening the retaining nut
on the cable.
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AC Mains Non-Remote Installation Diagram
AC Mains Non-Remote Installation Diagram
Tower Installation
Warning Before installing a Tower CCU, ensure that the selected location can
support the weight of the Tower CCU and mounting hardware. A thorough
structural analysis should be performed by a qualified engineer at your desired
location prior to installation. Itron is not responsible for improper installations or
for installations at a site that cannot adequately support the Tower CCU.
All coaxial cable connections must be properly weather-proofed per industry standards
unless otherwise specified. This includes any connections for the antennas and the Tower
CCU. If the Tower CCU is installed indoors, only the connections located outside need to
be weather-proofed.
Important To prevent exceeding the maximum EIRP set by the FCC, there must
be at least 2 dB of loss between the antenna connector at the base of the tower
cabinet and the high gain endpoint antenna. Do not exceed 3.5 dB of loss to
maintain system performance. Only use the Itron approved high gain antenna.
Because of the size and weight of the Tower CCU, Itron recommends that more than one
person be present for the installation. See Antenna Specifications on page 49 for more
information.
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Chapter 3 Installing the CCU/Repeater
Tower Installation Overview
The Tower CCU 100 (TCU) installation differs significantly from other CCU 100
installation profiles in that the CCU 100 is installed within a cabinet enclosure at the base of
a radio tower and all of the antennas are mounted remotely. The standard cabinet protects
the hardware from adverse environmental conditions and provides easy access for servicing
the CCU and its related components.
The TCU box comes preassembled except for the CCU. The CCU must have the ICS
procedure performed prior to installing the CCU in the TCU box.
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Tower Installation
TCU Components
RF Filter
Battery
Surge protection devices (SPDs), receptacle, terminal blocks
CCU mounting plate
Roxtec™ block
Wiring diagram
Document holder
Air filters There are two air filters, one shown at (8) and another behind the fan (9).
Fan
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Chapter 3 Installing the CCU/Repeater
To assemble the Tower CCU 100
1. Attach CCU to CCU mounting plate.
a. Insert the CCU mounting disc into the mounting plate keyhole.
b. Slide the CCU down until you feel it click into place.
2. Connect cable from CCU to RF filter.
3. Connect ground wire to CCU.
4. (optional) Connect the Ethernet cable to the CCU and the top of the 10/100 BT SPD.
Feed the external Ethernet cable through the Roxtec block and connect it to the
bottom of the 10/100 BT SPD.
Instructions for using a Roxtec Block are supplied in the TCU cabinet.
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Tower Installation
5. Connect the battery to the connector on the battery door of the CCU.
The battery door connection is only present on CCUs designed for TCU installations.
6. Feed the GPS and WAN (if required) antenna cables through the Roxtec block and
connect them to the CCU.
7. Connect the power cable to the CCU.
8. See Attaching the Remote Antennas on page 18 for instructions on installing the
antennas.
9. Connect power to the cabinet. See the wiring diagram on the inside of the cabinet
door.
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Chapter 3 Installing the CCU/Repeater
AC Tower Installation Diagram
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Solar Powered Installation
Solar Powered Installation
All coaxial cable connections must be properly weather-proofed per industry standards
unless otherwise specified. This includes any connections for the antennas and the
CCU/Repeater. If the CCU/Repeater is installed indoors, only the connections located
outside must be weather-proofed.
Warning Before installing a CCU/Repeater, ensure that the selected location
can support the weight of the CCU/Repeater, mounting hardware, solar panels,
and batteries. A thorough structural analysis should be performed by a qualified
engineer at your desired location prior to installation. Itron is not responsible for
improper installations or for installations at a site that cannot adequately support
the CCU/Repeater.
Because of the size and weight of the solar system, Itron recommends that more than one
person be present for the installation.
Solar Installation Overview
The Solar CCU/Repeater installation differs slightly from other CCU 100 installation
profiles in that the power comes from a separate cabinet enclosure which houses the solar
controller and batteries.
The Solar CCU/Repeater is mounted like other CCU/Repeaters, but the power comes from
the solar cabinet which houses the solar controller and batteries. The picture below shows a
solar tower installation.
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Chapter 3 Installing the CCU/Repeater
Solar Wiring Diagram
The diagram below illustrates how a solar panel system must be wired to connect to the
CCU/Repeater. This enclosure is pre-wired. You are required to connect only the power and
the ground.
To assemble the Solar CCU 100
1. Mount the solar panels and battery box as described in the Installation, Operation,
and Maintenance Manual supplied with the solar system.
2. Wire the five conductor power cable to the solar cabinet, as shown in the Solar Wiring
Diagram on page 40. Use the watertight grommet supplied with the solar cabinet.
3. Mount the CCU/Repeater in the desired location.
Note The power cable from the solar battery box to the CCU/Repeater should be less
than 12 feet long.
4. Connect ground wire to CCU.
5. If required, connect the antenna and Ethernet cables to the CCU/Repeater.
6. Connect the battery to the CCU.
7. Connect the power cable to the CCU.
8. See Attaching the Remote Antennas on page 18 for instructions on installing the
antennas.
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Solar Powered Installation
Solar Installation Diagram
The diagram below shows a typical solar powered installation.
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Chapter 3 Installing the CCU/Repeater
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CHAPT
ER
Battery Care and Replacement
In this chapter, you will learn how to perform field maintenance on the CCU/Repeater
battery. With some routine care, the batteries used by CCUs/Repeaters will perform at
optimal levels for several years.
The following sections show you how to store and charge spare CCU/Repeater batteries, as
well as how to replace a CCU/Repeater battery in the field.
Shipping Requirements
Warning! Electrical fire hazard—protect against shorting.
Terminals can short circuit and cause a fire if not insulated during shipping.
Requirements for shipping batteries:
•
•
Batteries must be labeled "NONSPILLABLE" during shipping. Follow
all federal shipping regulations. See CFR 49 Parts 171 through 180,
available online at www.gpoaccess.gov
Batteries must have short circuit protection during shipping. Exposed
terminals, connectors, or lead wires must be insulated with a durable
inert material to prevent exposure during shipping.
Failure to comply with these requirements can cause a fire during shipping and
handling.
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Chapter 4 Battery Care and Replacement
Battery Storage and Charging
To ensure maximum lifespan and efficiency from your CCU/Repeater batteries, Itron
recommends the following storage and maintenance procedures.
Long-Term Storage
Batteries may be stored for up to two years at room temperature (25°C or 77°F), and then
may be recharged with no loss in cell reliability or performance capabilities. The example
storage time versus temperature chart below is a plot of maximum storage time as a
function of storage temperature. This curve shows the maximum number of days at any
given temperature, from 10°C (50°F) to 65°C (149°F), for the battery to discharge from a
fully charged state of about 6.42 volts (2.14 volts per cell) down to a zero charge state of
5.79 volts or (1.93 volts per cell). The battery should not be allowed to discharge below
5.79 volts because of the danger of damaging the performance characteristics of the battery
permanently.
When batteries are stored at or near 25°C (77°F) it is recommend to conduct an open circuit
voltage (OCV) audit every six months and recharge when OCV readings approach 6 volts
(2.00 volts per cell). If storage temperatures are significantly higher than 25°C (77°F), even
for short durations, the frequency of OCV audits must increase.
It is important to recognize that the self-discharge rate of the battery is non-linear. The rate
of self-discharge changes as the state of charge (SOC) of the battery changes. The time
taken for a battery to discharge from a 100% SOC to 90% SOC is different from the time it
takes to self-discharge from a 20% SOC to a 10% SOC.
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Battery Storage and Charging
State of Charge
The state of charge (SOC) of the battery can be approximated by using the curve shown in
the chart below. This curve is accurate to within 20% of the true SOC of the cell under
consideration, if it has not been charged or discharged within the past 24 hours. The curve is
accurate to within 5% if the cell has not seen any activity, charge or discharge, for the past
five days.
Charge the Battery
You can charge spare CCU/Repeater batteries individually or in groups to save time.
When charging batteries, there are several items you need:
•
Power Sonic PSC-124000A-C charger
•
Molex 39-01-4046 connector
•
CCU/Repeater batteries
The recommended method for charging the batteries is to utilize the Power Sonic PSC124000A-C charger. The Power Sonic charger needs to be modified so that it can be
plugged directly into the battery. This is done by retrofitting the output of the charger to a
Molex 39-01-4046 connector with the red wire going to pin one and the black wire going to
pin two of the connector. Follow the instructions that come with the charger for correct
operation.
After charging, the battery should be removed from the charger for at least 24 hours. After
this time the open circuit voltage should be measured to verify that it is at or above 6.4
volts.
Note Batteries in storage need to be charged routinely for maximum shelf life. For
more information, see Long Term Storage on page 44.
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Chapter 4 Battery Care and Replacement
Battery Service Life
All batteries have extremely variable service life, depending upon the type of cycle,
environment, and charge to which the cell or battery is subjected during its life. There are
two basic types of service life: cycle life and calendar life. The battery in the CCU/Repeater
is called in to service only during power outages, so in this case only calendar (or float) life
is applicable.
Calendar Life
The design calendar (or float) life of the battery is up to eight to ten years at room
temperature (25°C/77°F) and under proper charging conditions.
This design life has been confirmed by the use of accelerated testing methods that are
widely accepted by both manufacturers and users of sealed-lead batteries. High
temperatures are used to accelerate the aging process of the battery under test.
The float life of a cell is cut in half for roughly every 8°C (14.4°F) rise in ambient
temperature. The example below shows the relationship between ambient temperature and
float life for batteries that have a float life of ten years at 25°C (77°F).
A ten year battery lasts for five years at 33°C (91.4°F) and only 2½ years at 41°C (105.8°F).
Preventative Maintenance
Itron recommends a preventative maintenance cycle of a two-year replacement in extreme
environments (average temperatures greater than 110°F/44°C), or five years in non-extreme
environments (average temperatures less then 90°F/31°C).
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Replacing the Integrated Battery
Replacing the Integrated Battery
The following procedure shows you how to replace the integrated battery once it has been
installed in the field.
Warning Risk of explosion if battery is replaced by an incorrect type. Always
replace with Itron part number BAT-0045-001.
For information on battery disposal or recycling, contact EnerSys at 1.800.363.7797 or
recycling@enersys.com.
To replace the battery
1. Remove the battery compartment cover by loosening the four screws securing it.
2. Slide the battery out of the battery compartment.
3. Carefully, disconnect the four pin connector.
4. Connect the new battery's four pin connector.
5. Slide the new battery into the battery compartment.
6. Replace the battery compartment cover, and torque the screws to 6 inch-pounds.
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Chapter 4 Battery Care and Replacement
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AP
PENDIX
Detailed CCU/Repeater Specifications
CCU/Repeater Dimensions and Weight
Weight is shown in pounds and dimensions are shown in inches.
Component
Weight
CCU/Repeater
7 lbs
AC tower unit
76 lbs
Remote GPS/WAN antenna system
6 lbs
Remote 900 MHz antenna system
3.5 lbs
900 MHz antenna (standard, unity gain)
1 lb
Pole mounting kit
3 lbs
Wall mounting kit
2 lbs
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Appendix A Detailed CCU/Repeater Specifications
Antenna Specifications - 100
Specifications for the standard (unity gain) endpoint antenna and high gain antenna are
shown in the following table.
Important All coaxial cable connections must be properly weather-proofed per
industry standards unless otherwise specified. This includes any connections for
the antennas and the CCU/Repeater components. If the CCU/Repeater is installed
indoors, only the connections located outside need to be weather-proofed.
This device has been designed to operate with the antennas listed below that have a
maximum gain of 8.15 dBi. Antennas not included in this list or having a gain greater than
8.15 dBi are strictly prohibited for use with this device. The required antenna impedance is
50 ohms.
Specification
Vertically polarized High gain (8.15dBi)
Horizontally
polarized
Part number
MSE-0316-001
MSE-0373-001
MSE-0303-001
Gain
0 dBd (2.15 dBi)
6.0 dBd (8.15 dBi)
2 dBd (4.15dBi)
Horizontal beamwidth
Omnidirectional
Omnidirectional
Omnidirectional
Vertical beamwidth
-3dB minimum, =/- 40 17 degrees
degrees from
horizontal
45 degrees
Electrical downtilt available
0 degrees
0 degrees
0 degrees
Power rating
10W
200W
10W
Impedance
50 ohms
50 ohms
50 ohms
Termination
Type N male
Type N female
Type N male
Lightning protection
Direct ground
Direct ground
Direct ground
Overall length
13 in.
65 in.
13 in.
radome diameter
2.375 in. OD
1.310 in. OD
2.375 in. OD
Mounting area length
n/a
~8 in.
n/a
Weight (without clamps)
1 lbs.
6 lbs.
1 lb.
Maximum wind speed
160 mph
125 mph
160 mph
Wind load @ rated wind speed
n/a
57 lbs.
n/a
For the latest antenna part numbers, see the CCU 100 Ordering Guide or contact your Itron
representative.
To reduce potential radio interference to other users, the antenna type and its gain should be
so chosen that the equivalent isotropically radiated power (e.i.r.p.) is not more than that
permitted for successful communication.
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Environmental Specifications
Environmental Specifications
The following environmental specifications are associated with a CCU/Repeater.
Specification
Value
Operating temperature
Components
GPS/WAN antenna system: -33° C to 60° C
CCU/Repeater: -33° C to 60° C
Storage temperature
-40° C to 85° C
Note Batteries may be stored for up to two years at 25° C
without periodic recharging. When batteries are stored at this
temperature, an open circuit voltage audit should be conducted
every six months.
If the storage temperature is significantly higher than 25° C, the
frequency of the audits must be increased.
Humidity
0 to 90% non-condensing
Transmitter
Detailed specifications for the CCU/Repeater transmitter are described in the following
table.
Specification
Value
Maximum transmit power at antenna
27 dBm
Frequency
903.0 MHz to 926.8 MHz (USA)
CCU/Repeater Power Operating Range
Specification
Value
Voltage
90 VAC to 265 VAC
Frequency
47 Hz to 63 Hz
Average power
10 Watts (battery trickle charge)
Peak power
50 Watts
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Appendix A Detailed CCU/Repeater Specifications
Battery Pack
The battery pack is contained in its own compartment. The battery pack is a three-cell,
sealed, lead acid battery pack (6V, 4.5 amp-hours) that is field replaceable and designed to
last five years under normal circumstances. To ensure minimal impact upon battery life, a
preventative maintenance schedule of two year replacement is required in an extreme
environment, such as a desert installation. Normal preventative maintenance is every five
years for non-hot environment installations.
Warning Risk of explosion if battery is replaced by an incorrect type. Always
replace with Itron part number BAT-0045-001.
The batteries can power the system for a duration of 90 minutes in the case of a power
outage.
If
Then
AC power fails
The CCU/Repeater battery pack maintains system functions for
approximately 90 minutes. A message indicating the AC failure
is sent to the Network Software.
AC power is restored
A message is sent to the Network Software indicating that AC
power has been restored.
The battery pack specifications are listed below.
Specification
Value
Type
Sealed-lead acid, rechargeable
Power
6V, 4.5 amp-hours
Life
Five years at 33° C. Battery life decreases by 50% for each 8° C
rise in temperature above 25°C.
Charge time
10 hours at 25° C
The battery in the CCU/Repeater uses three EnerSys Cyclon lead-acid cells connected in
series to provide a nominal voltage of 6 volts. The battery is terminated with a four position
Molex connector (Molex P/N #39-01-4041) with the following pinout:
Pin #
Wire Color
Signal
Red
+V BATT
Black
Ground
White
Thermistor
White
Thermistor
For information on battery disposal/recycling contact EnerSys at 1.800.363.7797 or
recycling@enersys.com.
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AP
PENDIX
Status and Diagnostics
Status Indicator
The LED Status Indicator is primarily intended to support installation personnel for
immediate feedback. The following sequences define the Fixed Network solution's
operational characteristics:
1. Each status sequence is repeated at 20 second intervals. The following status
indicators are enabled at power-up or upon a communication failure with endpoints or
backhaul.
Initial power-on and CPU has initialized, but neither endpoint or backhaul
communication has started: Morse "P" (● ▬ ▬ ●)
2. Super Raptor radio is seeing bubble-up endpoints but has not connected to the
backhaul: Morse "N" (▬ ●)
3. Backhaul radio is communicating, but no communication from endpoints: Morse "B" (
▬ ● ● ●)
4. Connected to backhaul radio & receiving endpoint packets: Morse "BN" (▬ ● ● ● ▬
●)
After 15 minutes of successful communication with backhaul and endpoints following
a power-up (or communication failure), the sequence changes to LED on for 10 mSec,
at 60 second intervals. This will continue until the next power-up.
Sequence details: The dot time: 100 mSec
The dash time is 300 mSec
Off Time between B and N: 700 mSec
Off time between dot and dash: 100 mSec
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Appendix B Status and Diagnostics
Diagnostic Port
The wireless diagnostic port is based on the IEEE 802.11 LAN/MAN wireless specification.
The 802.11 Wi-Fi interface has been exclusively designed to support system diagnostic
capabilities and is intended to be available for field personnel use.
•
The diagnostic radio is available only at power up of the system or by the reception of
a wake-up message that is received by the 900 MHz radio. Once the wake-up message
is validated by the 900 MHz radio the CCU 100 host powers on the diagnostic radio
interface and configures it for communications. By default, the operation period of the
diagnostic port is set to 30 minutes. Once this operational time has expired the radio
interface is disabled and eventually powers down until the next system power up event
or a wake-up command is sent to the 900 MHz radio.
•
The diagnostic radio provides a dynamic Web-based hosted interface for
environmental sensors and system health. The local diagnostic Web port for the CCU
100 provides:
•
Network operations information
• Contents of report list
•
Number of endpoints on the list
• IDs of endpoints on the list
• Contents of management list
• Number of endpoints on the list
• IDs of endpoints on the list
• Contents of the ignore List
• Number of endpoints on the list
• IDs of endpoints on the list
• Content of total endpoints received list
• Number of endpoints on the list
• ID’s of endpoints on the list
•
Endpoint read reliability statistics table
•
History of FNAS commands received
• Source of time (GPS or NTP)
•
List of pending 2-way commands
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Performing an Antenna Sweep Test
•
CCU/Repeater status
• Power source (AC or battery)
•
Battery state
•
Internal temperature
•
GPS status (number of satellites + GPS time and lat/lon position)
• Firmware versions
•
•
Hardware versions
Event logs
• Power outage logs
•
•
WiFi access logs
•
High temp/Low temp alarms
Configuration collection
• TX power
•
Endpoint filtering settings
• Configuration items settings
• Firmware update interface
• Force reboot
Performing an Antenna Sweep Test
If the endpoint antenna is remotely mounted for your installation, an antenna sweep test
must be performed to verify that the antenna functions within acceptable tolerances at your
installation site.
This test should be performed under the following conditions:
•
Beginning Frequency: 902
•
Ending Frequency: 928
•
VSWR Expected Results: Must be 1.5 or less for the specified frequency band.
•
Return Loss: Must be –18dB or better for the specified frequency band. Any
deviations from this return loss warrant further investigation.
•
Test Point: Feed line connected to the antenna at the top; test from the lightning (or
surge) arrestor to the antenna port.
•
Results: Test results must be saved in. PDF format.
•
Test Gear: Current and proper calibration; be sure that calibration is turned on during
the test. A qualified operator of the test equipment must perform the test.
Note If the system does not perform to the above test specifications, the reasons for
system failure and possible remedies must be identified before leaving the
installation site.
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Appendix B Status and Diagnostics
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Index
AC service requirements • 9
antenna placement • 9
antenna specifications • 50
antennas • 3, 5, 9, 10, 11, 18, 19, 50, 55
attaching the CCU/Repeater • 21
attaching the direct mount antenna • 19
attaching the remote antennas • 18
installation profiles • 7
installing the battery • 30
installing the CCU/Repeater • 17
battery • 44
battery pack • 52
battery storage • 44
brackets • 15, 21
mains powered installation • 12
maintenance • 43
materials not provided by Itron • 13
module • 2
mounting hardware • 15, 21
lightning arrestor • 11
long-term storage • 44
calendar life • 46
CCU configuration • 1
CCU power operating range • 51
CCU specifications • 49
charging • 44
coaxial cable • 13
components • 2
connecting cables • 29
connectors • 14
operating range • 51
performing an antenna sweep test • 55
pipe mount • 22
planning • 7
pole mount • 24
power operating range • 51
preventative maintenance • 46
profiles • 7, 12, 39
propagation study • 8
providing power • 32
davit arm mount • 27
diagnostic port • 54
dimensions • 49
endpoint antenna • 5, 9, 10, 11, 18, 19, 50, 55
environmental specifications • 51
Ethernet connections • 9
external Ethernet connections • 9
remote antenna placement • 9
remote antennas • 3, 5, 9, 10, 11, 18, 50, 55
Repeater power operating range • 51
Repeater specifications • 49
replacing the battery • 47
GPS antenna • 3, 8, 10, 11, 18, 50, 55
GPS coverage • 8
grounding • 1, 5, 10, 11, 13, 50
service life • 46
shipping requirements • 43
site selection • 8
siting • 8
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Index
solar installation diagram • 41
solar powered installation • 39
solar wiring diagram • 40
specifications • 49, 50, 51
state of charge • 45
status indicator • 53
storage • 44
transmitter • 51
wall mount • 26
WAN antenna • 3, 8, 10, 11, 18, 50, 55
WAN coverage • 8
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