John Deere Products And Services Lawn Mower 110 Users Manual 1
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John Deere
Service Manual
110 and 112 Lawn and Garden Tractors
(Serial No.
-100,000)
SM-2059-(Apr-67)
John Deere Horicon Works
SM2059 (Apr-67)
LITHO IN U.S.A.
ENGLISH
Service Manual
110 AN D 1 12
WN AND
GA DEN TRACTO RS
(Serial No.
-100,000)
CONTENTS
SECTION 10 - GENERAL
Gr oup 5
Tractor Id e ntifi c ation
Gr oup 10
Specifications
TUlle - Up and Adjustment
Group 15
Group 20
Fue l and Lubricants
SECTION 40 - ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Group 5
General Inf o rmation
Group 10
Ignition System
Group 15
Char gi ng System
Group 20
Electrical Accessories
SE CTION 20 - ENGINE
Kohler Engine for 110 Tractors
Gr oup 5
G e neral Inf o rmati on
Cylind e r H e ad , Va 1 v e sand
Group 10
Br e athe r
Pisto n, Cranks haft , Main B e ar
Group 15
in g s and Flywhe e l
Camshaft, Tapp c'ts and GO V (~ r
Gr oup 20
nor
SE CTION 50 - POWER TRAIN
Group 5
G e neral Inf o rmation
Clutch, Br a k e :1 n d V a ri a b 1 e
G r oup 10
Sp e d Dri ve
Group 15
3-Spe e d Transaxle
G roup 20
4- peed Tra nsaxl e
Tecumseh Engine for 112 Tractors
Group 25
G e neral Inf o rmati o n
Gr oup 30
Cylinder Head, Valves and
Breathe r
Piston, Cra nkshaft, Main Bear
Gr ou p 35
ings and Flywh e el
Gr ou p 40
Camshaft. Tappets and Govern o r
SE CTION
Group
Group
Gr oup
Gr oup
30 5
10
15
20
Litho in U.S.A.
FUEL SYSTEM
Gen e ral Information
Carbur e tor
Air Cleane r
Sediment B owl, Fuel Straine r
and Gas Tank
SECTION
Gr oup
Group
Gr oup
Gl'OUP
60 - HYDR AULIC SYSTEM
5
G e ner a l Information
10
C ontr o l Valve
15
Pump
Cy lilld e r
20
SECTION 70 - MISC ELLANEOUS
Gr oup 5
St e ring Linka ge
Gr oup 10
Fro nt Wh ee ls and Axl e s
Gr oup 15
Lift Linkage
Tract o rs, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059"':(Apr-67)
2
INTRODUCTION
This service manual contains service and
maintenanc e informati on for JOM Deere 110 and
112 Lawn and Garden Tractors (Serial
No.
-100,000),
The manual is divided into sections, Each
s ection pertains to a certain compon e nt or opera
tional syst e m of the tractor. The information is
divided into groups within each s e ction.
All sections of this s e rvic e manual should be
car efully studi ed by the s e rviceman. Much basic
information such as the principles of 4-cycl e
engine operation, carburetion and ignition hav e
been omitted , Such information can be found in
any good library and is recommended reading for
the new serviceman before consulting this man
ual for service proc e dures .
Emphasis is placed on diagnosing malfunc
tions, analysis and t e sting. Diagnosing mal
Litho in U.S,A.
functions lists possible troubles, the ir causes
and how to con ee t them. Under specific com
ponents th e se troubles are analyzed to help the
s e rviceman understand what is causing the pl'ob
1em so he can correct it rather than just r e
place parts and have the s am e probl e m kee p
r ec urrin g.
Spe cifica tions and special tools are found at
th e end of th e Groups for e asy refer e nce.
This manual can b e kept in its own cover, or
it can be re moved and filed in your s ervic e manu
al rack or behind the service manual tab in your
La wn and Garden Parts and Servic e Binder.
When e ver new or revised pages a r e provided ,
insert them into your manual as SOOI1 as you r e
c eiv e them. Your service manual always will be
up-to-date and be a valuable ass e t in your s e rvice
department.
Sectio n 10
GENERAL
Group 5
TRACTOR IDENTI FICATION
T ABL E OF CONT ENTS
Po ge
Gno P 5 - THACTOH IDEN TIFICAT ION
Spl' i<.11 Nu mbers. . . . .
Vi nt age InforJllation . .
'e rial Numbe r Pl a t e' .
Id nUfic a tion Cocle s
T r ar. t o r Coc! s , .. '
T ir e Codes . , . . . . .
Tir e Intercha n ge ability
C R OUP 10 - SPEC IF ICATIONS
Eng ine Spec iii catiol S • • • .
C ::l pa 'ities . . . . .
Varia Ie Gr ound Sp eds
Cu r b
e iO'hts .. , . ..
Tra l'tor Spec ifications.
Bolt Torqu' Cha rt, . . .
Se t SCI' w Seati nIT T rqu e Char t ..
Litho in U.S. A.
5-2
5- 2
5-3
5-4
5-4
5-4
10-1
10-1
10-2
10- 2
10 - 3
10-4
10-4
P"g"
Gn Ol:. p 15 - T ' E- P AND ADJ UST MENT
Pr eli mina r y Enrrin e T l;! sting.
15-1
l in or Tun e - Up Gui de .
15-1
Major Tu ne - p Guide.
15-2
Common Adj u.s tment s .
15-2
CROU P 20 - F' EL AND L UBRICAN T S
Fue l . . .. .
L uh ricants . . .. .
:1pac iti' 5 . . . .
Ty pe of Lu r i an t
Service Intervals.
'11: ng i ng Crankc ase Oil
Cha ngin g T L nsaxle Oil.
Gr eas e
Htillg L oc :.tt.iollS .
20-1
20-1
20-1
20- 2
20- 2
20- 3
20-3
20-4
J0
5-2
General
Tractor Identification
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM- 2059- (Apr- 67)
SERIAL NUMBERS
Each lawn and garden tractor is assigned an
individual serial number. Serial numbers are
writt e n in parentheses throughout this manual for
the reasons shown below. Only the last four digits
( 3551-
of the serial number are shown for ea rlie r trac
tors and the last six digits for later tractors.
All serial number references are tractor serial
numbers and not engine specification numbers.
When a serial number appears before the dash, the design Change was introduced
beginning with that serial number and is still current.
-40000)
When a serial number appears after the dash, the design Change was effective up to
and including that serial number and is no longer effective.
(40001-65000)
When a serial number appears both before and after the dash, the design change
was effective with the first serial number, but is no longer effective after the sec
ond serial number.
V INT AGE INFORMAT ION
112 T ro c t o r
110 Tractor
(
.3550) ( 3551·15000) ( 15001.40000) (40001.65000) (65001·100,000)
.100,000)
(
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
Model - Manual Lift
110
110
110
110
110
112
Model - Hydraulic Lift
--
--
--
110H
110H
112H
Kohler
K161S
Kohler
K181S
Kohler
K18lS
Kohler
K181S
Kohler
K181S
Year Manufactured
Engine Model Number
1966-1967
Tecumseh
HH100
Engine Horsepower
7
8
8
8
8
10
Transaxle Speeds (Forward)
3
3
4
4
4
4
Transaxle Speeds (Reverse)
1
1
1
1
1
1
G e neral
Tra c t o r Id ntifi c a ti on
T r ctors, Lawn and Garde n - 110 and 112
SM- 2059 - (Apr- 67)
SERI AL NUM BER PLATE S
S ImIAL NO. (
SERI AL NO . (15 001 -400 00)
- 15000)
I (Ilk I
Jt'll
j-lIlrJll
Iii, J t i
(l
I "" , t i fie
n
I~
~ t.;
DI
I;;
t 1d 1
II j u I
~.' 11 1 b ~ r'
i
(
I
rt
l
J
I
1 I0
SE nL L NO. (65 001-100,000)
; ) d,t
~ e t j •• "
I i
I'
1 (", " l nt '
lJ L:
Y'
:<
F ig, 3
SE RIAL NO. (40001-65000)
r . J II'h~? '
T, a t ' (\'
i d I ;l un, b .. ('
ill,
t" " " ~ f
" L ,.
t l {' "
Fi g, 1
~e l-i.ll
1 '1 Ii
S j lJ
Tr d
~ t
(j ,'
~
, ...
_ I I (j
- 1II
n u '. l () f l
r It: ~
, , 1 (.
l
)",
! I.J "
r
l' O Ie
L
\J T - .~
- I. I - 'I
(,1 - 1
r; T-: '
o ISNTI flOl !3l W 10 58928 1 ~
SERIAL
JOliN DEERE Me II Ie 0
OF DIERIO AND C
0
NO.
• NO
WORKS
I CON , WIS .
FdL.
. 0
f .) r lll ) ,v :) u
lip J' 1 r. '-11
o r y Suf fl '(
r i (0'1
M
H~ ;
F i9 , 4
T.vp ' ~
I,
:' ,
()!
I~ d n I'" I L i f t.
HY rI r- iJ u lie lIt t
M 5 ,) 51
F ig , 2
Litho in U. S.A.
llrl
; x-
10
5-3
10
General
Tractor Identification
5-4
Tractors , Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM- 2 059- (Apr- 67)
IDENTIFICATION CODES
TRACTOR CODES
The tractor identification code is indicated on tractor serial number plates beginning with
tractor Serial No. 65001. See the chart below for tractor identification codes.
110 Manual Lift
Tire
liD Hydraulic Lift
Without
With
Without
With
Mower
Mower
Mower
Mower
Drive
Drive
Drive
Dr;ve
GT-1
GT-2
GT-3
GT-4
300
301
302
303
307
308
309
310
304
305
306
--
112 Manual Lift
112 Hydraulic Lift
Without Mower
Drive
Without Mower
Drive
--
--
--
--
314
315
316
317
311
312
313*
--
*Exam.h/e: Code 313 is a 110 Tvactor with liydvaulic lift, factory installed mower drive and
GT -3 h(r:;"h-jlototion tires.
TInE CODES
TIRE INTERCHANGEABILITY
Tires for Lawn and Garden Tra c tors are re
ferred to in abbreviated form as GT-1, GT-2,
GT-3 or GT-4. The description of each is as
follows:
Tractor tires may be interchanged depending
on Sel'ial Numbers as follows:
Si Z(l ,
Front
Tire
Size,
Rear
GT-l i 4.80/ 4.00-8 6-12
Tube·
les 5
Ply
No
;
GT-2 4.80/4.00-8 6-12
No
Tread
2 All
Purpose
Tractor
S", iol No.
(
- 4048)
( 4049-15000)
(15001-40000)
(40001-65000)
(65001-100,000)
2 Trac
tion
GT-4 4.80/ 4.00- 8
GT-4
---
Litho in U.S.A.
23x8.50-12 Yes 2 HighFlota
tion
---
No
4 Studded
23x8.50-12 Yes 2 Tra c
tion
GT·2
G T· 3
GT·d
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
-
-
X
X
X
X
-
-
X
X
X
X
X
X
112 Tractors
-
GT-3 16x6.50-8
110 T rac tors
GT.I
(
3550)
( 3551
)
-
-
-
-
Note that GT-3 and GT-4 fvont tires should
not be used on 110 Tractors Serial No. (
4048). SteeYing g ear ratios below t!lis serial
numbe1'- are not adequate for these tires.
T r a · tO I· S , Law n and Ga rde n - 11 0 • nel 112
SM- 2059- (Apr -6 7)
Ge ner a l
Spe t: ifi c ati ms
10
10- 1
Group 10
SPECIFICATIONS
E NG IN E SP ECIFI CATION S
110 T roctolS
(355 1.
-3 550)
(
En g in es
K 16 1 ~
Engine Mode l No.
M :lnwac tu rer
, ' li n c! I's .
yc le o
0 1' & St r o ke .
Displa c e n1Pnt
Spe lis (fast) N o Lo ae!.
,
p ('(Is (idl e ) .
H o ' :,; pow r (En g in e M a n \Jfact ur ~ I' s Ra tint:!; )*
Nur mal C o mp r oss io n
V;.t lv e Cl e arance
(In b ke ) ol d .
Va l ve Cl e a rance
(Exh a us t) Colcl.
--
--
-
K hI r
One
ou r
2 .875 x 2.50 i n.
16 . 22 (·u. in .
1800- 38 00 r p m
1200-1700 r p nl
7
36 00 r pm*
110-120 p s i
I
Tr ac l 0f!i
. 700 000)
R HI OO
Teru ms - h
0 11l'
Otw
Four
2.94 x 2. 75 in.
18.63 c u. in.
1800-3800 r p m
1200-1700 1' P III
8 '(' 36 00 rp m
110- 120 ps i
F ou r
3.3 1 x 2.75 i n.
23.70 c u. in.
1800- 3800 rpm
1200-1 700 r pm
10 (fJ 36 00 r pm *
110-1 2 0psi
--O. 010 in.
-- 0.007 in.
-- -
--O. OI S in.
(
K18 1S
K( 11 r
-- 0. 00 7 in.
11 2
)
-- -
0 . 016 in .
0 . 010 in.
"'TIle h o rse power ra ti ng s slw wII (l)'e es tu/J/i s /Led by tlL e eng i ne m a nLtjac t /l,r € y i.n ucc u yJa nCi! H ith
Standard /n l e V/wl C OIl'1/ms ti o/l r.ng i ne / ns ti ltd e /JI 'uc.: edtLre. Tll eYel Y c u r r ect ' d to bO" F. and 29.92
in. II/-:. Harom )t er and are de ve lop ed fr olH lal)() YQto ry t e s t ' ngirle ' t2quij)p ecl w iltz st a n.dan.i a ir
clea. ner a nd 111Itj[lC 'I ' l ess mo i cH" -!: ne vai ur equijlm e nt.
CAPACIT IES
112 T, oc tor s
liD T ,octolS
C ov it ie <
Fu 1 Ta nk - U.S. G,l1on s
Crankcase - . S. Pints
Tran:,;Jxl e - U.S. Pints
Hy draulic Lift S ste m
U. S. Pints
Litho i.n U.S. A.
(
f7 500 /· 400001
( /OaDI - I DO,OOO!
1.9
1. 9
1. 9
2.5
2.0
2.5
2.5
3. 0
3.0
--
--
2.5
·1 5000 1
r
., 00 ,000 I
1. 9
2.5
3. 0
2.5
-
10
10- 2
General
Specifications
Tra c tors , Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059-(Apr-67)
VARIABLE GROUND SPEEDS - MILES PER HOUR
(at 3600 rpm engine speed)
1st Gear
2nd Gear
3rd Gear
4th Gear
Reverse
110 Tracto r
( 3551-15000)
(1500 I -65000 )
-3550)
(
. 9 to 2.5
1.6 to 4.5
2.4 to 6.5
1.1 to 2.5
2.1 to 4.4
3.0 to 6.5
--
--
1.2 to 3.4
1.5 to 3.4
.37
1.1
2.1
3.0
1. 6
to
to
to
to
to
.84
2.5
4.4
6.5
2.9
(65001- 100,000)
.4
1.1
2.1
3.0
1. 6
to
to
to
to
to
.8
2.5
4.4
6.5
2.9
I 12 Tractor
-100,000)
(
.4
1. 3
2.4
3.4
1. 8
to
to
to
to
to
1. 0
2.9
5.0
7.4
3.3
CURB WEIGHTS
110 Tractor
GT- 1
GT-2
GT-3
GT-4
GT-1
GT-2
GT- 3
GT-4
T ire Groups
(
Manual Lift
Manual Lift
Manual Lift
Manual Lift
Hydraulic Lift
Hydraulic Lift
Hydraulic Lift
Hydraulic Lift
500 lbs.
500 lbs.
·3550)
--
--
--
--
--
--
(/500 1.40000)
513 lbs.
513 lbs.
*535 Ibs.
531 lbs.
531 lbs.
550 Ibs.
--
--
--
--
--
--
*Weight iJecomes effective with Serial No. 4049.
Litho in U.S.A.
112 Tractor
( 3551-15000)
--
--
--
--
(40001.100,000)
545
545
568
570
566
566
583
586
lbs.
lbs.
lbs.
lbs.
lbs.
lbs.
lbs.
lbs.
(
.100,000)
--
--
579 lbs.
581 Ibs.
--
--
591 Ibs.
594 lbs.
Tra c t or s , Lawn and Gar den - 110 and 112
S - 2059- (Apr-67)
Ge nera l
Speci fi a tions
10
10- 3
TRACTOR SPECIFICAT IONS
,------------------------
---
WHE EL TRE \D
Fron t .
T ra cto r
On ly
TIR E SIZES (Also s e .. roup 5)
Front.
.
11 0 und 112 T raclo r>
A 1/ Pu rp ose arrd
T rac tion Ti res
Hi g h -F lo l otJO II
Ti r ~5
H i g/ , . F l oto Jr on
T,a c ti on T ife ·'
( G T .l & 21
(C T . ])
( GT . 41
29 in .
Rca r.
Re a l' .
170
27 o r 33 in.
30 in .
27 or 33 in .
30 in .
27 or 33 in.
4.80/ 4.00- 8 2 ply
6- 12 2 ply
16 x 6 . 50-82 ply
23 x 8.5 0-12 2 ply
4.80/ 4. 00-84 p I.'
2 3 x 8.50- 12 2 ply
TIRE I F L ATION
F r ont .
12 psi
40 psi
8 psi
f\ ps i
5 ps i
5 si
R 'a l'.
DIME
10 S
44 in.
44 in.
44 in.
Whe e l B ase .
ve r -a ll Le ngth
63 i ll .
6 3 in.
6 3 in.
O v er - a ll He ight
38- 3/ 4 in.
38- 3/ 4 i l1.
38-3/ 4 in.
Ove r -a ll Wi dth :
34- 1.-/2 in .
37 i n.
:37 i n.
(min. )
41- 1/ 2 in.
(max. )
39 in.
41-1 /2 in.
in . ra
di_us
id
e __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. 1 .30-1
2 _
in_._r_adius
1/_ _2_ in.
' - -_Turns
_ _ __ _ _Ou
_ _ts
__
__
. . . - _ /2
_
_
_ _ _1L-_28-1/
_ _ _ _ __
_ __ _----'-_ _28___
_ _ _ __ __ _--'
TRA
AX LE - Sc>c Section 50 fo r de t· ileel spe c ific . ti ons.
ELECTR ICAl SYS T EM -
'tH' i:i(' ct iQI1 40 fo r detaile d speci ie ' ti o n ' .
F UE L SYSTE M - See Schon 30 fo r d etail "' cl spc cifications.
C L UTCH,BRAKE
D V RIAT 1\ - See Sed ion 50 f r de t a il cl spec- iIi alions .
STEElUNG AND WHEE L B E ARINeS - . ,ce Se
Litho i n U . . A.
ion 70 fo r cle tail e I sp c ifications.
10
10-4
General
Specifications
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059- (Apr-57)
BOL T TORQUE CHART
Grode 01 Boll
SAE .2
SAE · 5
SAE ·8
Min. Tensile
S'ren9'"
64,000
PSI
105,000
PSI
150,000
PSI
()-)
0
Grade Markrng
all Boll
@
Socke l or Wrellc/' Size
/\
U.S. Slandard
i; z-
Dec.
Equi v.
-
9/16
rg8
W
7/ 8
1
-
u.s.
Boil
Dio.
1/4
5/ 16
3/ 8
17716
U.S. Regular
-f
,250
.3125
.375
.4375
.500
.56 25
.625
.7 50
.875
1.000
TORQUE
IN FOOT POUNDS
-
6
13
23
35
55
75
105
185
*160
250
-
10
20
35
55
85
130
170
300
445
670
Boll
He ad
14
7/ 16
30
._- - 1/2
50
9 / 16
80
5/ 8
120
3/ 4
175
. - 13/ 16
240
15/ 16
425
1-1/ 8
6 85
1-5h 6
·1-1 / 2
1030
Nul
7/ 16
1/2
9,06
-
11116
3/4
7/ 8
15L 16
1-1 / 8
1- 5/ 16
1-1/2
.
-
-
Mnltiply Readi ngs by 12 for inch pound va lues.
*" 13" Grade bolts larger than 3/4-inch are sometimes formed hot rather than culd which accounts
for the lower recommended torque.
NOTH: Aflow a toleranc e of Plus or minltS 109t· on all torques given in this chart.
SET SCREW SEATING TORQUE CHART
Screw Siz e
Cup Poinl
Square Head
Torque in Inch Pounds
#5
#6
#8
#1 0
1/4
5/ 16
3/ 8
7/ 16
1/ 2
9 / 16
5/ 8
3 4
9
9
20
33
87
165
290
430
620
620
1225
212 5
--
--
--
--
212
420
830
--
-2100
-4250
7700
j)ivide Readings hy 12 for foot jJound values
NOTE: Allow a tolerance of jJlns or minus 10%
on all turques given in this chart.
Litho in U.S.A.
Tra c to rs, Lawn and Gar de n - 110 and 11 2
SM-2 059- (Apr -5 7)
Gene ral
Spe c inca tiu ns
10
10-3
TRACTOR SPECI F ICATIONS
r--- - - - - - -
-
-
-
-
- - -
110 T ra c to r Dil l y
11 0 o"J 77 2 Tra c l o r,
I-
A II P ur p ose oud
TIO C ri oll Ti res
( GT . l 82)
WHE E L TREAD
F ro nt .
Rear .
Till SIZES (Also see Croup 5)
Front.
n a r.
TIRE INFLATION
Front .
27 o r 33 in.
4. 80/ 4.00 - 8 2 pl y
5 - 12 2 p ly
15 x 6 . 50- 82 ply
23 x 8.50-12 2 p ly
4.80/4 . 00-84 p ly
2 3 x 8.5 0-12 2 pl y
12 psi
8 psi
G p si
40 ps i
5 ps i
44 ill.
6:3 in .
38- 3; 4 in.
H in.
6 3 in .
38- 3/ 4 in.
4 4 in.
63 in .
38- 3 1'-1 in.
(max. )
L -_
Turns
Ou_
ts_
idc
___
_ _ _ __ _ _ _
TRAN~AXLE
E LECTR I
I GT .3)
30 in.
2 7 or 33 in.
6 },>oi
Ove r-all Lengt h.
Over - all He ight
Over-all Wi dth:
(m in. )
T r OC f ion T ir ~s
( GT .4J
29 in.
27 o r 33 in.
ca r .
DIME S10 ' 8
Whe e l BaBe
H i gi, . F /otal i on
H ig h ·Flo l atioll
Tire s
30 in .
34- 1.: 2 in .
37 in.
37 in .
39 i n.
41 -1 /2 in.
4 1-1/ 2 in.
/ __
30-1
in_. _radi
LIS
2 8-1/2
in.__
radius
2_
8-1/2
_
_ _2
_ _. _
_____ ._
___
_ _- L_
__in.
_ _ _- - J
~
- Sl e Section 50 [or det· He el spe c ific a ti on;:;.
L SYSTEM - Se c' Serti n n 40 for de t ailect sp e cific ti r no .
FUEL SYSTEM - Se
S ction 30 for d ta il cd s . crifiCcltio ns.
C LU T CH, BRAKE AND VAnIATOn - Se e Sed ion 50 for detaile d sp e rifi atiClnS .
ST EEHING AND WH EE L BEAR ING S - See Se c ion 70 fo r debite d spe C' ifi.
Lit ho i n
· a t ion~.
10
10-4
General
Specifications
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059- (Apr-67)
BOL T TORQUE CHART
Grade of Bolt
SAE-2
SAE · S
SAE-8
Mi n. Tensile
Strcngth
64,000
PSI
105,000
PSI
75 0,000
PSI
,
Grade Mark ing
0" Bolt
()-)
0
@
/\
Socket or Wrcnch Size
U.S. Sta"dord
Bolt
u.s . Dec.
Oi o .
Equ iv.
1/ 4
5/ 16
3/ 8
711 6
17-2
.250
.312 5
.375
.4375
.500
.5625
.62 5
.750
.8 75
- 1.000
9/ 16
157 8
'314
7/'8
1
-
U.S. Regu lar
TORQUE
IN FOOT POUNDS
6
13
23
35
55
75
105
185
*160
250
-
10
20
35
55
85
130
170
300
445
670
Bolt
He ad
14
30
50
-
80
120
175
240
425
685
1030
7/ 16
1/ 2 -
9 / 16
5/8
3/4
13/ 16
] 5/ 16
1-1/ 8
1 - 5/ 16
1--=-i/ 2
I
Nut
7/ 16
li z..
9! 16
11 b 6
3/ 4
7/8
15/ 16
1-1 / 8
1- 5/ 16
1-1; 2
MultiPly Reading s by .12 jar inch !Jound values.
*" 13"
Grade bolts Larger than 3/ 4-inclz a r e sometime s jormed hut r ather than cold wIdell accounts
jov the lower recummended torque.
hOTH: All ow a tolevanc e of/JluS or minus 10% on all torque s given in this chart.
SET SCREW SEATING TORQUE CHART
Screw Siz e
Cup Point
Square Head
Torque in Inch Pounds
#5
#6
#8
#10
1/ 4
5.116
3/8
7/16
1/ 2
9 / 16
5/ 8
374
--
9
9
20
33
87
165
290
4 30
620
620
1225
2125
-
-
-
-
212_
420
830
-
2100
-
4250
7700
Divide Reading s by 12 jar foot puund values
NOTE: Alluw a toleranc e of j)lus 01 ' minus 10%
all. all turques gi v en in this chavl.
Litho in U.S. A.
Ge neral
T une- Up and Adj ustm e nt
Tracto r s , Lawn and Garclen - 11 0 and 11 2
M- 20 59- (A p r-67)
10
15-1
Group 15
T UNE-UP AND ADJUSTMEN T
IMPOR T,iN T' Bef ore a ({ c mp! i ll/-i 10 lUlie-up t he 170 or 77 2 'j'Y(l c ! o)" e ngi7lc ,fiYs! de te rm ine it
!Jc Yfo nnmzc e c an be resl ore d by 11III e -II!), Do LId s by rna/dull'- /lI e pre 1im il1a n J engine t ests be lolL' .
PRELIMINARY ENGINE TESTING
Refe re nce
Specifico/ion
O p C)r ,, 'ion
Cyli ncle r c ompr e SSion
110-120 psi (1000 rpm)
C l" cl nk c ;;l se vacuum
5-10 inche s o fwat c r c olumn
.c h un 20 , Grou p 5
or 25
Se c tion 20, Group 5
or 25
1.260-1.280 sp. gr. 1 00~)i,
c harged at 80 ' F.
B attery hy dr o meter t es t
Se ction 40 , G r oup 10
MINOR TUNE-UP GUIDE
Specifi co l ion
Op er ati o n
Summe r a bo ve 32 ' F. S!\E 30 (AM 30730)
Winter bel o w 32" F.
SAE 5W-20 (AM 30710)
C hange o il
i
Reference
Section 10, G r ou p 20
--_.
Clean and l' e g ap sp a rk plug
Clean e lectrode s
Clean ins ulation
Fi.eplac e ga sket
:,pt gap at 0.025 in.
Se ction 40, Group 10
Hem o ve air c lea n e rand el e a n by
tappin g li g htly again s t fl a t
surface
Check air cl e an e r c oncliti un
f1.epla c e if nec C' s sa ry
Section 30, Group 15
Adjust c arbur e tor
Hig-h speecl mixture needl e
Idle mixture n eedle-
Section 30, Group 10
Adjust go vernor spee d
Sp eed (fast)
Se ction 20 , Group 20
o r 40
3800 i'pm no load ;
Spel 'd (idl e )
1200-1700 rpm
Che c k a nd cle<1n fuel tank,
b o w 1 and s tra i n( ~ J'
Litho in
.. '. A.
~ed im en t
He g-ula r gH s o lin e o nly
Section 30, Group 20
10
General
15-2 Tune- Up and Adjustment
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059-{Apr-67)
MAJOR TUNE-UP GUIDE
IMPORTANT: Major tune-up should include all it e ms listed f or " Minor Tun e -Up" on /Jage lS-l
in addi tion to the fo llowing:
Operar ion
Specification
Re Feren c e
Recondi tion ca rbu retor
Install carbur e tor kit
Section 30 , Group 10
Ins pect and cle a n breather
assembly
Heplace parts as necessary
Install new gaskets. Ch eck
crankca se vacuum aft e r as
sembly
Sec tion 20, Gr oup 10
or 30
Remove shrouding, cl e an en§;ine
and cylinder head fins
.. ................
~
Section 20, Group 10
o r 30
Test condenser
Capa c ity .18-.23 Mic rofarads
Delco No. 1965489
Section 40, Group 10
Test coil
Operating; amp. 2.25 max.
Secondary continuity Min.
3.9 OHMS, Max. 4.08 OHMS,
Delc o No. 1115043
Section 40, Group 10
Point gap 0.020 in.
Section 40, Group 10
"SP" or "s" mark on fl y
wheel at 1200-1800 rpm
Se ction 40, Group 10
Replace breaker points
~
Retime ignition
COMMON ADJUSTMENTS
N OTE: The f ollowillf[ COlllllIon adj us tments are r e commende d a tler en~ine [nne-lip i s com ple ted'
A dj u s rm~nr
Specificarion
I
Refer enc e
Clutch, brake and v::triable speed
Section 50, Group 10
Stee ring linkage
Section 70, Group
5
Belt tension :
Motor-Generator
Hydraulic Pump
Primary
Secondary
Section
Section
Section
Section
Group
Group
Group
Group
15
15
10
10
Litho in U.S. A.
40,
60,
50,
50.
General
Fuel and Lubricants
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM - 2059- (Apr- 67)
10
20- 1
Group 20
FUEL AND LUBRICANTS
FUEL
LUBRICANTS
Us e re gul r gra de g a soline only of re co g
ni ze d brand. It s hould be f resh a nd from a sup
p ly blen de d for the ar e a in which it is to be us ed.
Su mm er b le nds h e ld ov e r for w inter u se will not
v ap ori ze properly at l ower t pmp e ratul' cs and
m ay be the r ea l r ason for slow s tarts. White ga s
ma y be us d only if octane rating is at l ea st 75.
Caref Illy wr itte n and illust r ated instruct ions
have been in lude d in t he operator 's manua 1fu l'
nished with your customer's machine. H m ind
your custome r t o ·ol1 o w the r co m m e nda tions in
those instructions.
Oil us cI in the en g- ine crankcase should have
an Am ri can Petro leum Ins titu te (A P I)/SAE
classifica tion of Ser vic e MS. N ever till e ngine
cra nkc a
a bove fu ll (F ) mark on dips tick .
Do not mix oil with ga so li ne.
Never use premiu m C;r ade f';3. s oline (e thy l) in
s m a ll tr a c tor e ngines. T he comp r e ssion ra tio
(6. 5 to 1) is no t hi ~1 1 e nou g b to requi r e th E:: p re
m ium g l"< de a nd it can c a us e a s eve re bu ildup of
1 a d deposits in the en gine . Th,,; dep osits wi ll r o b
powe r a nd m a y s horte n the liIe of th e e n gine.
The hart be l w and on pa ge 20-2 indi ca t es
typ e of 111 br i 'a nt, c apacities aneI s rv ic e int e r
vals recomm e n de d for both 110 ;md 112 tra ctors.
CAPACITIES
C ov lti e 5
F ue l T ank - U.S. Gallons
C r3 nkca se - U.S. Pints
Tr ans axl e -
.S. P i n ts
110 Tr oc for
117 Tr a c t or
1.9
1.9
*2.5
*2.5
2 .0 (
-15000)
)
Trans axle - U .S. Pin ts
3.0 (15001-
l-ly jrallli
2.;) (1 to 1-1 / 2 inche s bc
low top of r ese r voi r)
LHt Syste m - U.S. Pints
I
:5.0
II
3.0
2.5 (1 t o 1-1/2 inches be
low top of r eservoir)
*lnitial f ill fo v new eng i ne or a/leY e n;:;ine ha s iJe.en disas sem bled faY s Ew vice. Thereafter 2 pints
only (such as jJeriodic oil cha nges).
Litho in U.S.
.
10
20-2
General
Fuel and Lubricants
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059- (Apr-57)
TYPE OF LUBRICANT
(110 and 112 Tractors)
Crankcase - (API)/S AE Service MS Detergent type
Summer - Above 32 " F
SAE 30 - John Deere AM30730
Winter - Below 32 " F
SAE 5W-20 John Deere AM30710
Transaxle . . . .
John Deere AM30200M
Hydraulic Lift.
Automatic Transmission Fluid Type A
Tractor Grease Fittings and Front Wh eel
Bearings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SAE (Seasonal grade) Multi- Purpose Type Grease
SERVICE INTERVALS
(110 and 112 Tractors)
Crankcase (Oil change)
Break-in . . .. . .
Regular . . . . . . .
Dusty conditions.
First 2 hours
Every 25 hours
Every 8 hours
Transaxle (Oil change) .
200 hours or 2 years
Hydraulic Lift System..
200 hours or 2 years
Tractor Grease Fittings
(See page 20-4 for locations)
Spring and fall season
Front Wheel Bearings (repaCk).
Each time wheel is removed
Litho in U.S.A.
T ra c.tors, L:l wn a nd G' r c\en - 110 a ne! 11 2
S M-20 59 - (Apr- 67)
CHANGING CRANKCASE OI L
G e ne r a l
F uel a nd Lubri ca nts
CHANGING TRANSAX LE OI L
. 3550)
Fi ll . 3 - F.II . nQ TransaxlC on 110 TraclorS (
" .- ~
10
20-3
. ;.
Fig . 1
~
Oil D ro io on 110 T raclo" (
. 15000
fig. 4 - F i ll,ng T ron,a. l"
OJ1
110 Trac to r s
3551 · 100 . 000 ) and 112 Tra c lor s (
F ig . 2 - Oi l Dra in on 110 Tracl o rS (1 500 1. 100, 000)
a nd 11 2 T ro ctor s (
. 100,00 0)
Befor e drainin g- o il, a ll ow e ll [?;in e to war m up.
Di rt ane! for e ign m a t<~ ri al is in susp e nsion when
oil is hot.
Litho in U. S. A.
U::,e .JD9a press ur e oil ca n
fi il transaxl e as .show n above .
.1 00.0 00 )
Or'
equival nt tu
10
20-4
Gen era l
Fuel and Lubricants
Tr ac tors, Lawn and G rde n - 110 and 112
SM-2059- (Apr-57)
GRE ASE F IT TING LOCAT ION
Fig . 5 - Tractor G rease Fittinq s
11 0 Tra c torti Serial No. 40001 and higher and
112 Tractors have V,rease fittings as indicated
. bove . llO Tractors Sl'rial No. 40000 and bC'low
do not bave a ll grease fittings indicated above.
Fig . 6 - In spection P lat e R em oye d
to E . pasc Grca . c Fitting
NOT /:, : Do no! uveriltbvicate ste ering co/ wll n
f itting. Only 3 or 4 styok e s with hand g yeas egun
o r 1 5 to 20 strokes with J D[)801 L Ltb rigun a ~- ,
necessary. Do
on this fitting.
LiU1U in
not
use high pres s u.re grease l,Tun s
Section 20
ENG NE
Group 5
GENERAL INFO RMATION
KOHLER ENGINE FOR 110 TRACTOR
TABLE OF CONTENTS
110 TRAC TOR
Poge
P aQe
GllOVP 5 - G ENE nAL I F OR M ATION
KOHL ~r:
F R 110
Descri pt ion . . . . . . . . . . .
E n gine An a lys is . . . . . . . .
Pre lim inary E n gin E' C h e ck s .
Pre li m i nary Engin e T pst.s .
Diagnos in g Mn. lIunet i tlS . . . • .
•
5 -4
5 -7
5 -7
5- 7
5-9
GROUP 10 - CY LI ND ER HEAD. VA LVE S
AND BREAT H E R - KOHLER
E G1NE F On 110 TRA 'T R
10- 1
G c n e r :!. l 1nIOl'1ll:t t i on . . . . . . .
V:11v e A I a lys is . . . .
10 - 2
10 -3
HI'pai r . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .
[{ c m ov in g V,dv es . . . . . .
10 - 4
10-4
Insp ~ti l * Cyli n de r H ::t d .
10 -5
Tn s p ect i n~ B r ' at h e r . .
10 -5
T s tin g; Va l v Sp r ings .. .
Tn s pecti ng Va l ves .. .. . .
10 - 5
!l econd itiol i nrt 0 1' Hey lacin g Val es
10 -6
It plal-in g Valve Guides . . ... .
10 -7
!l ~ j1l3. c i n g Exh:'lU :;t Val vC' fn s f'r t ...
10- 8
Insta l ling II ta k e Valv In sert.
10 - 8
Ch .r ki n g Va l v' C l (> a r ~u ' r . . . .
10 - 8
Tn s ta ll a tion . . . . .. .. . .. . , .. .
10 - 9
Ins tall ing Va lve Sprin g s , R lai n r 5
< nd K('
p 1' 5 . , . . . . . .
10 - 9
A ssemblin
r
r e, t h e r .. .
10-9
ylind e r Huan .
10- 9
C:t rl)U r to r , ..
10 - 9
Hydra u lic Lift Assembl y
10 - 10
Mu ffl er .. .
10 - 10
A' 1' Fi 11 l ' . , , . . . . . . ,
10 -10
Ac.t)us t nH:nts . . .. ' , . . . . . . .. . , 1 - 0
Hydr .. uliC' UJ11 P Drivl ' Belt T r'lls i o n
10-10
H y [t':lu lie
i ft L .vcr . . . . . .
10-10
Spa l'k Plu~ ap ,
10-10
HI'I:1VI r P(\illt :)[l , .. . . , .
10 - 1
Tnst3.lli n g
Tns L:,dllll g
In st· lling
Inst - l lir g
C h e cking
Lit l lo in V.S. A.
Spe(' ificati on s . K161S , nd K 181 S Kuh l
e I' En g- in 5 . . . . ' . . .
T abl e of Cle,l r an c es ..
T o r q u. for Ha r clw3.l' c .
T UIl
- Up Data
Sp c i a l T ool ' .. , , .. ..
10- 11
10- 11
10-11
10- 11
10- 12
GROUP 15 - PISTON . C HANKSHA F T. M AI N
BEARTNGS
D F LY WH . E l,
K HLF. R ENG 1NE F OR 1 10
T RACTOR
Ge neral Tnf or mat ion , . . . ' . , .. , . ,
15 -1
15 -2
n ,pa i l' .. .. . .. . . . .. . . . . . . . . ,
!l m ovin g l19:i ll lO f l"n m Tr:l r. to [' . . .
15-3
D i sJ., sP1ll 1)linl!; EIl~ ill P . . . , .
15-3
15 -4
R rno v il1g- Fi s lnn R i Il ~S . • . .
Pi t on D ' n g- An.l lys iS . . , . ..
15-4
In s p0.r t in p; P i ' tn n .
15-6
Pi s t oll An a l ysis . . . . ' , , ..
15- 7
r n s pcc t i n~~ Cl'anks l1:1ft .. , . .
15- 9
C o nn f'cti n )4 nod a ncl C:lP An a lys is ..
15 - 9
Tn p eet j n~ u nci R( pa i ri ng B l nr: k .
15 -10
15 -11
D g laz,ing Cylinder Bnre , .. .
Bo rin g' v Ji ndo\ ' luc k . . . . " .
1 5 -11
Tlls pc c ling Ca I1l s l1aft , , . . . . . .
15 -11
In s pe c ting M a i n 1 a ri n g-s ." .. ,
15 -11
B parin p;
Ila lys is " . ' . , . ,
15- 11
fn sta ll a ti o n . . .. . ... , . .. . . . , .
15-13
In stall in p; Cra l ks ha ft , , . . . . . . . . ] 5 -13
Asse mlJl i llg Br-a r i np; . Bl'a rin g Pbtc
a nd Oil Spa ls . ' . , .. .. . . . ,
Ass e miJlin p: Com ('ctin !loci and
15- 13
P i ston . . . . . .. , . . . . . . . .
15 -1 4
C lw( ki n ~ Pisto n ni np: End G::t p . .. ,
Insta lli ng, Ri Jl g's < n d P i ston. , . , .
15 - 15
AtL1chilQ2, I1nd tu Crank s haft .. .
I nsta llin g it P all on Bl clck . . . .
Insta lling Flywhc-e l , .. . , .. .
r n ~ ta llin p: ;;1\ roucli Ilg . . . . , ... '
Ins ta ll ing
' X~(T i ( )r l:Ornp() l\{ ' nt~ .. '
15 -1 5
I f1 - 1fl
15 - 16
15- 16
13 -1 7
15- 17
20
5-2
Engin e
Ge ner:11 Information - Kohl e r
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM -2059 - (Apr-G7)
TABLE OF CONTENTS-CONTINUED
Page
Paqc
Spe c ifi c ati ons, K161S and K181S Kohle r Engines. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tabl e of Clcaran(' (-! s . . . . . . .
Torqu _s for Hal'dwa rp .. . .. .
Tun c - Up Data . . . ... .
Spt'ci:11 T oo ls . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15-18
15-18
15-18
15-18
15-19
GROUP 20 - C AMSHAFT. TAPPETS AND
GOVEHNOn - KOHLER ENGINE
FOn l10 TRACTOR
Ge neral Info rmation. . . . . .. . . . .
20-1
Spink Advanc( ' Calnshaft . . . . .
20-2
Automatic Compression Hel ('a:-:e
20-2
Camshaft. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
R epa ir. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20-3
He m ovin g C a msl1aft and T a pp e ts
20-3
l1emoving- Govern o r . . . . .
20-4
20-4
Inspe c tln r; C:1mshaft . . . . .
20-4
Insp c ting Gove rnor Gea r.
Install a ti on. . . . . . . . . . . . .
20-4
Installing Governor. . . . . ..
20-4
As s em bling Spa rk Advanc e C a mshaft. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20-5
20-5
Installing Camshaft. . . . . .. . . ..
Installing Governor Arl11 . . . . . . . .
20-G
C o nnecting Governor Arm to C a !'lJu
r e to r . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20-6
In s talling Engine in Tr3ct o r .
20-6
20-8
Adjustm e nt . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20-8
Govern o r Speed AdJu s tm e nt .
Sp ec ificati o ns. K161S andK18lS Kohl20-8
el' En gi nes . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20-8
Table of Engine Clearanc es.
20-8
Torque for Ha rdwa re .. . .. .
20-8
Tune-Up .. .
20-8
Special Too l s . . . . . . .. .. .
112 TRACTOR
GROUP 25 - GENEnAL INFORMATION TECUMSEH ENGINE FOn 112
TRACTOR
25-1
Descripti on . . . . . . . . . . . .
25-2
Engin e Analysis . . . . . . . . .
25-2
Preliminary Engine Checks
25-2
Pl'eliminary Engine Tests
Diagn o sing Malfunctions . . . .
25-4
GTIOUP 30 - CYLINDER HEAD. VALVES AND
BREATHEH TECUMSEH ENGINE
FOR 112 TRACTOR
30-1
Ge n e ral Information . . . . . . .
30-2
Valve Analysis . . . . . . . . . .
Litho in U.S.A.
R epair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11 '.' lIlov ing Valves . . . .. .
Insp ecting Cylinder Head.
Inspecting' BYl.'ather ..
T es ting Valve Spring-s .. .
Insp ec ting Valves .. . .. .
TIec oncliti oning or n placing Va lv es
R e a min g Valv e Guides .. . . . .. . .
Removing and Installing Exhaust
Valv e Seat In sort . . . . . .
Ch ecking Valve Clca r a n<.: e .. . . . .
Installati on
In s talling Valve Sprill gs , He ta iners
and K e per Pins . . . .
Installing Breather . . . .
Installin g C linder Head.
In s ta llin g Carbur e to r. , . . . . .
Installillg- Hydraulic Lift A:';semb1y .
Installin g Muffl r ..
Che c king Air Filter . . . . . . . . . .
Adjust l1l e nt s
Hydl'auli c Pump Dri v t'· B e lt TenSion
Hydrauli c Lift L eve r . . . . . .
Spark Plu g Gap . . . . , . . . . .. , .
Br e aker Point Gap . . . . . . . . . . .
Sp"cifications . HHI00 T ec ul1ls c' h En
gille . . . . . , , .. . . .
T :i1J1e of Cl e aranc es.
T o rqu e f o r Hardware
Tune-Up Da ta
Sp ec ial T oo ls .. . .. . .
~0-3
:'l 0-4
30-4
30 ,5
3() -5
30-5
30-6
30 -7
30 - 8
30-8
30-9
30-9
30-9
30-10
30-10
30-10
30 -10
30-10
30-10
30-10
30-10
30-11
30-11
30-11
30-11
30-12
GROUP 35 - PISTON, CI1ANKSHAFT. MA1N
BEARINGS AND FLYWHEEL
TECUMSEH ENGINE FOR 112
TRACTOn
Gen e r :il Information . . . . . . . . . . . .
35-1
R epa ir. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35-2
35-3
R e movin g Engine from Tract o r .. .
Disass e mbling Engine .. .. . . . .
35-3
R e moving Cylinder Hid gl.~ .. . . . .
35-3
Pulling Flywheel . . . . . . . . . . .
35-3
Removing Cylinder C ove r . . . . . .
35-3
Renloving Crankshaft . . . . . . .
35-4
35-4
Removing Piston TIin g s . . . .
Piston Bing Analysis . . . .. .
35-4
Insp ec ting Piston. , ..
35-6
35-8
Pisto n Analysis . . . . . . . . .
Insp e cting Crankshaft . . . . .
35-10
Conne c ting TI od 3nd Cap Analysi s
35-10
Ins pectin;:; and R e p a irill g; Bl oc k.
35-11
Dcg lazing Cylinde r Bor e ... .
35-11
Bo ring Cylinder Block . . . . .. .
35-11
Engine
Gen e ral Information - Kohler
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059-(Apr-67)
Pa ge
Inspecting Camshaft . . . . . . .. .
35-11
35 - 12
Inspecting Main B ea rings . .. . . .
35 -12
Bearing Analysis . . . . . . . . .
Installation
Installing Crankshaft .. . . . . .
35-13
Assembling Connecting Rod and
35-13
Piston . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Checking Piston Rin g End Gap ... . 35-13
Installing Rings on Piston . . . . . . 35-14
Installing Connecting Rod and Piston 35-14
Attaching Rod to Crankshaft . . . .
35-15
Installing Tappets and Cams hait .. 35-15
Installing Cylinde r Cover . . . . . . . 35-15
Checking Crankshaft End Clearance ' 35-16
Installing Seals .. .
35-16
Installing Flywheel . . . . . . . . . . . 35-17
Installing Shrouding' . . . . . . . . . . 35-17
Installing External Components .. . 35-17
Specifications, HHI00 Tecumseh En
gine . . . . .. .. . . . . .. . .
35-18
Torque for Hardware . . . .
35-18
Table of Engine Clearances
35-18
Special Tools . . . . . . . . . . .
35-19
Litho in U.S. A.
20
5-3
GROUP 40 - CAMSHA FT. TAPPETS AND
GOVERNOR - TECUMSEH E N
GINE FOR 112 TRACTOR
P a g"
General Information. . . . . . . . . . .
40-1
Repair. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
40-3
Removing C mshaft and Tappets.
40-3
Removing Governor Gear. . . . . .
40-3
Removing Govern or Rod. . . . . . .
40-4
Inspecting Carnshaft . . . . . . . . .
40 - 4
Inspecting Gove rnor Gear. . . . . .
40-4
Inspecting Governor Shaft .
40-4
Inspecting Governor Rod.
40-5
Installation. . . . . . .. . . . . .
40-5
Installing Governor Shaft. .
40-5
Replacing Governor Rod Bearing. .
40-5
Installing Governor Gear and Spool
40-5
Installing Breaker Cam on Camshaft
40-6
Installing Tappets and Camshaft..
40-6
Installing Governor Rod and Lever
40-6
Connecting Governor Lever. . . .
40-6
Adjustm e nt. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
40-7
Adjusting Governor Speed. . . . . .
40-7
Adjusting Governor Stop Screw .
40-7
Adjusting Cable and Conduit.
40-7
Specifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
40-7
20
5-4
Tra ctors, Lawn and Garden - 110 ancl112
Engin e
General Information - Kohle r
SM - 2059- (Apr-57)
DESCRIPTION
\t
US"
Fig. I-C utoway V,ew of Kohle r KI 81S EngIn e Showing Valves and T oppe:"
Both K161S a nd K18 1S engines used in 110
Tra c t o rs are Kohler four cyc le , int e rnal com
bustion engines. They have cas t iron blocks, and
are L-heac\, s in gl e cy linde r with lar gt' bore short s troke des ign.
Both e ngines a r e a ir coo l ed with an ti-fri c tion
ba ll bearings, oil ba th lubrication and have in
tern a l flyw ight O'o vernor.
Litho In U. S.A.
Detailed specifica ti ons fo r e ac h e ng ine are
co vered in Sec tion 10, "General") .md at the
end of each g r oup in thi s section.
E ngine
Ge n 1'a1 Information - Kohler
T r actors - Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059-(Apr-67)
",
J I ~ Sl
Fig. 2-Cu/oway Vic w 01 KohlcrKl81S Engine Showil1g Pis/on , Cronk . ho ll an d 8"Or ll1g5
The m x imum brake hors e power curve shows
the pe rfor m ance of la bo ratory e ngin es e quipped
with stmclard air c le a ner, muffler and fl ywhel
corrected to sea leve l ba ro m t e l' a nd wit h fr ee
a ir tem pe ratur e of 60' F . Hor sepowe r ee r e ses
3- 1/ 2% fo r ac h 1000 fe e :1 bove sea le ve l, and
1'X: [or E: ar h 10 F. above 60 " F.
Hors "powe r ratings are es tablished in ae
cordane with Soc i t y of Automotive E ngit ee l'S
Sm a ll E ng ine T .st Cod e - J 60 7,
Litho in
. ~.
A.
..,
' I"
F iq. 3-
' In ', ' ,
"11"
f
T.1fqu c .Ho " e p o w~ 1
CI,o l/
L
20
5- 5
20
5-6
En~ine
Tr a c tors, Lawn and Garden - 110 anc! 112
SM-2 059 - (Apr-57)
General Information - Kohler
DESCR. PTION-Continued
11 0 Tr ac t ors, Seria l No. (
- 3550), are
equipped with Kohl er K161S 7 Hors e power en
gines. Vis ible diff erences between this :1ncllater
engines a r e:
- Air c leaner loca tion.
2 - Screw -type dipstick.
3 - Blower housin g .
4 - Muffler design.
F ig. "-Kohler KI61S 7 Horsep ower Engi ne
Se rial No (
.3550)
5 - Engine ide ntifi ca tion markin gs .
Tr actors, Ser ial No. (3551-15000), us ee\
Kohler K181S 8 Hors epowe r engines. In add i
ti on t o m ec ha nical cha nges necessary to obtain
the extra ho rsep ower, visible changes are:
1 - Air cleaner position.
2 - Push-type dipstick.
3
Extr a scre e n in blower housing .
4 - Imp r oved muffler .
5
"
,1
1
F ig. 5-Kohler KIBIS B H orsepower En gine
Serial No . (355 ) . )5000)
Engine identific a tion
markin~s.
Tr actors, Serial No . (15001-1 00000) use th e
Kohler K181S 8 Ho rs epowe r engine which h3S the
foll ow ing visible e xternal changes:
1 - Crankcase drain on bottom of pan.
2 - Co il r e l ocated fo r easier point access.
Internal cha nges on eng in e s for tractors,
Serial No . (40001-100000), include:
1 - Au toma ti c c o mpression release camshaft
(ACR).
2 - Exhaust va lv e rotators for tractors e
quipped with hydraulic lift.
3 - Stu ds are provide(l in the eng ine head to
calT Y the hydraulic pump and valve un
110H Tra c t o r s.
F ig. 6- Kohlcr KI 81S 8 H orsepowe r Engine
Serial N o (1500 1.(00000)
Litho in U.S . A.
E ngine
Ge ne r a l Info r m a t i on - Kohl e r
Trac t ors , Lawn and Garde n - 110 a nd 112
SM- 20 59- (Apr-57)
20'
5- 7
ENGINE ANALYSIS
PRE L IMINARY ENGINE TEST S
PREL IMIN ARY ENG INE CHECKS
A c omplet dia gnosis guide of e ngi n e m a Uun c
ti ons appe ars on pag e 5-9. H ow e ver, the major
ity of e ngi n e t roubl e r e ports are of a m in o r
110n - hro ni c n a tu r e a nd ar e usu ally due to el e c
tr ical or fuel s ys tem diffic ult i e s . Firs t m ake t h
chec k s listed below to isolate th e m a j or ity of
en~i n e problem s.
The fo llowing p r e lim inary e ng ine t es t s a re
r e c ommende d to dete ct and isolate possible m a l
funct i ons be fore proc eeding with fur the r diag
n os is . T hese t es t s are e spec ia lly impor tant when
th e ngin e is bu rn ing o il, lOS ing powe r or run
ning e r r atically a nd whe n ca rbu l'E" t i on ::tnd ign i
ti on a djustm e nts do not cOl' l' e ('t the c ondition .
COM PRESS ION T EST
110 Tl' :J. ctors (
- 4 00 01) h a v e e ng in e s with
a r e gu lar c a m s haft. Tra c t Ol's (4000 1- 1 00 , 000)
ha ve e ngines with AC
utom a tic Comp res s ion
n e l ease C amsha ft ). Be c ause c n r e li ev es c om
p r es -i on press ur clul'ing low erc r nkings pe cls ,
it is i m por t a nt t o cra nk the en gine a t 1000 rp m
o r m ore t o obt a in a n accura t e t est. ACR m ech
a nism is di sen gaged wh en ll g in e sp eed re a c h e s
a p p roxi m a tely 65 0 rpm.
l
(
Whe n the e-n gi ne is op e rabl e in th e tr a ctor,
c heck compres s i on a s follows.
Fig. 7-CI,,·c'jng Spark
A
Plug
C heck spa rk. Figur e 7 . when e ve r en gin will
not sta r t. If e ngine w ill n ot c ra nk, foll ow diag
nos i s procedure on page 5 -9 .
R e mov e igniti on c a bl e f r om spark plu g and i n
s ta ll ada pto r or ord in a ry pap e r clip . H old ap
P I' xi m at e ly 1/4 inch a way f ro m s pa r k plu ~t er m
i n a l whi le c ranking t h e en gine.
If there is good s park between the adaptor and
the sp a rk p lug terminal, the problem is in the
fu e l - a ir s ys tem. If g as tank is full, check shut
off valve on s ed iment bowl a nd gas litH,::; to c a r
bu re tor to be certain ga s is getting to carbure t or.
Connec t high tension wi r e to spark plug and cr a nk
engi n e. C hoke as necessa ry. If eng'ine still does
not start, r fe r to " Dia gnosin[,; Malfunctions"
g'Uide to che k for interna l difficulties.
If the r e is not spark at the adaptor or a weak
spark, the trouble is in t he electr i c a l sys t m . If
th e batte ry and spark p lug aregoodand all el c
t r i 31 connections a r e t ight, the tr ouble m ost
Hk e ly is in the break e r p o ints and condens e r.
C l ea n or r e pl a ce points a nd adj us t gap . If br e a ke r
po ints are burned, rep l a ce the con de nser al so.
If the engi n e still does not start , o r sta r ts but
do es not run prop e r ly , mak e the compr s sion
te s t on this page and the va c uum tes t on page 5- 8.
Litho in U. S.A.
Fig. 8 - Te s ting E ngine
C om p r "s ~ ion
Depress clutc h-brak e pe dal and s e t p a rk ing
br a ke. B e s u r e oil in c rank c a se is at prope r le v 1
and batte ry is p r operly char?; e d.
NOTL': Be sure tractor dYl:L'es are all di s en
ga e d. Run engin e unLil warm , {h en stop LJze en-
gine.
R m o ve spa rk plug. Al so r e m ove air filt e r
f o r m os t a c cur ate tes t.
20
5-8
Engine
General Information - Kohler
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059- (Apr-67)
COMPRESSTION TEST - Continue d
Set throttle and choke v3.1vc in wide open pOtii
tion by raising throttle level' all the way and
lowering choke lever.
Install compression gauge in cylinder, Figure
8. Follow manufacturer's recomnl"ndations for
installing and reading compression tester.
Tes I C ollclus iOJlS
An engine in top operating condition will read
110 to 120 psi when engine is cranked approxi
mately 1000 rpm.
A compression test above 120 psi, indicates
excessive cleposits in the combustion chamber or
on the piston.
reading lower than 100 psi indicates leak
at the cylinder heau gaske t, piston rings or
valves. The ell[!7.nc should be reconciilimlP:d if
COIIi/)1't?ssiofi (alls belm/! ] 00 psi.
A
Fig, 9-Checki ll9 C ronkca." Vacuum
3 gC
To determine whether the rings or the val ves
ar e at fault, pour about one tablespoonful of
heavy oil into the spark plug hole. Crank the en
gine several revolutions to spread the oil and re
peat the compression test.
The oil will temporarily seal leakage around
the piston rings. Ii the same approximate com
pression reading is obtained, the rings are sat
isfa c tory. but the valves are leaking or the pis
ton is damaged. If the compression has increased
considerably over the original reaclings, there is
leakage past the rings.
CRANKCASE VACUUM TEST
The crankshaft breather maintains a partial
vacuum in the crankcase when engine is operat
in g; properly.
Conn e ct water U-tube manometer to oil filter
hole in cylinder bl OCk, Fi i-'1Jr c 9. T, ' ,tel' must
hang vertical as shown. Start and run rngine at
1200-1700 rpm. Allow engim? to warm up auel
obs e rve r e aclin~ un ,c:cale. Follow manuiacturcl's
recommendations for install a ti on, tl':--tiIlg and
compe ns a tion for the effect o[ altitude on the
g a uge t·eading.
Litho in
. S. A.
Test COllc/usions
Proper crankcase vacuum [o r both the K161
and K181 cng'ines is 5-inch e s to 10-inches vlter
column.
A crankcase vacuum n! ; \din~ :. lower than in
dicated above is most likely clue to a l(,~ll . i. ng
breather valve or improperly assembled br0;,tlJ
er. S· (> Group 10 anc! carefully rc- :.lscH:; mble ;111
breathe r parts. A low vacuum reading may al -..; o
be caus e d by leaky valvC's , c n ' ~ ine bll l\\I-llv 1)1'
worn oil seals.
If the crankcase is Jound to be pressurized
rather than have a vacuum, chances an' that t he
br e ather plate has been a::,sernbled backwards
or the breather filb'c is plug~ ',::;d.
Engines with zero vaC1 11 ,m or pressuri ze d
crankcase will likely be pumping oil into the com
bustion chamber or out the breather or oil s a lso
This can be detecte d by w'ltc i1ing [or cxc ::;::; ive
e xhaust ::l1110ke, ·n gine overhea tin g 01' oil le a k
::Ii:', outsicle the engine.
T r actors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM- 2059- (Apr- 67)
G e n er~il
Engine
Information - Kohler
20
5- 9
D I AGNO SI NG MALFUNCTIONS
ENG INE
r:>gine l1 'il1 No! Cranl?
Transaxle not in neutr a L
Place shift lever in neutral position.
Batter y dischar ged or defective.
Check batte r y condition.
Replace batt r y if ne ces sa ry.
Ne utral- s tart swi t ch and bracket loose or not
prop e rly adjusted.
Tighten anct/ or adjust bracket and switch.
PTO drive engag'e d.
Disenga[:?; 8 clutch.
Defe ctive s a fe ty switch(es).
Replace switch(es).
Loos e motor-g e n er a tor belt.
Adjust belt tension.
Broken motor-generator sheave.
Replace motor-generator s hea ve.
Defective solenoid.
Replace sol e noid.
Loose electrical connections.
Tighte n connections firmly.
Motor- genera tor malfunction.
Check condition of motor-generator.
R e pair or replace if necessary.
Engine seized.
Check engine condition.
Enfrine Cranrls Bu.l Will Not Start
Empty fuel tank.
Fill fuel tank.
Restri c ted fuel tank vent.
Replace cap or cap gauge assembly.
Fuel shut-off valve closed (valve below fuel
tank).
Open shut-off.
ClogRed, restricted or air lock in fuel line.
Clean and ble e d line.
Replace line if necessary.
Litho in U.S. A.
Br e a k e r poin ts worn or pittecl.
C he ck condition.
Re p la c e if n ce sary .
Spa rk plug fouled or pitted.
C heck c ond ition of plug .
C le an cmd r eg' p.
He pl a('e if nec e s sa ry.
Incorr ec t spark plug _
Insta ll proper spark plug.
B3 t~ e r y
not fully charged.
Cha r ge ba tte ry and check condition.
Re plac e ba ttel-y if necessary.
Lo os e lcctri -a 1 c onnections.
Ti g'hten conn .ctions firmly.
Wi re l e ads not pr op'- rly connected.
Connect wire I f::a cis t o the ir respective
t e rminal.
High spee d an e! idle mi}.'tul"I'
erly a dj ust (I.
Adjust carburetor.
l}( ' ,~d lcs
not .f.1l'()P
Faulty condenser.
Re place condenser.
Defective ignition c oil.
R p la ce coil.
Dirt in fue l sys t e m.
Remove fuel system and clean dirt and
water from system.
Install n w gaskets.
Install carburetor kit if nec essary.
Frayed wire(s) causinp; ground(s).
Repair wh-e(s), replac e if necessary.
f:; ngine Starts Hard
Spark plug pitted or fouled.
Check condition of plug.
Clean and reg-ap.
Replace if necessary.
Bre aker pOints worn, pitted or out of adjust
ment.
Check breaker point condition.
Clean and regap.
Replace breaker p Oints ifnecessary.
20
5-10
Engine
GeneTal Information - Kohler
Tra c tors
,
Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059- (Apr-67)
D I AGNOSI NG MA L FUNCTIONS-Continued
Enf;iuc S/.{(yts lIard-CoJl lil1ued
Hi g h tensi on wire
Replace wire.
~horted.
High tension wire loose at spark plug or coil.
Check spark plufS' connection and install
wire properly in co il.
Loose e lec trical connections.
Check c onnections and tighten leads firmly.
Rcstrictecl fuel tank vent.
Replace filler cap or cap ga ug e assembly.
Clogged fuel line or air lock.
Clean and bleed line.
Replace line if necessary .
Broken choke cable.
Replace and adjust cabl e properly.
Throttle cable not properly adjusted.
Check cable at control and governor as
sembly and adjust prop e rly.
Dirt o r water in fuel system.
Remove fuel system and clean dirt and
water from system.
Install new gaskets.
Install carburetor kit if nec essa ry.
High speed and idle mixture needles not
prop e rly adjusted.
Adjust needles properly.
Wrong valve clearance.
Check and adjust valve clearance.
Bad head gasket.
Replace gasket and torqu e cylinder head
properly.
Restricted exhaust system.
Check exhaust system co ndition.
Replace muffler if necessary.
Low compression.
Check compression and service engine
accordingly.
Adjust needles properly.
Broken c hoke cable .
Replace and adjust cable properly.
Dirt or water in fuel system.
Remove fuel system and clean dirt and
water from system.
Install new gaskets.
Install cal'ubretor kit if necessary,
Ca rburetor float not · properly acljusted or
leaky float.
Check float condition, adjust float.
Install new float and adjust if necessary.
High tension wire loose at spark plug or coil.
Chec k spark plug connection and install
wire properly in co iL
Hi gh tension wire shorted.
Heplace wire.
Breaker points not properly adjusted.
Clean and regap.
Replace breaker points if necessary.
Loose connections.
Check and tighten wires properly.
Defective head gasket.
Replace head gasket and torque cylinder
head properly.
Faulty condenser.
Check condenser.
Replace if necessary.
Excessive engine load (lugging engine).
Reduce engine load.
Engine Runs But ivlisses
Hi gh tension wire loose from spark plug or
co il.
Check spark plug connection and install
wire properly in coil.
Breaker points out of acijustment or wornall cl
pitted.
Clean and adjust.
Replace points if necessary.
EnfI'ine Starts Bul Fails to Keep Ullrminf{
Restricted fuel tank vent.
Replace fuel cap or cap gauge assembly.
Spark plug fouled o r pitted, incorrect gap.
Clean and regap plug.
Replace plug if necessary.
High speecl and idle mixture needles not
properly adjusted.
Litho in U.S. A.
Incorrect spark plug.
Install proper plug,
Tra ctor s , L a wn and Garden - 110 and 112
S M- 2059 - (Apr- 67)
Engi ne
Ko hler
G
Loose e l ec tric al conne ti ons .
ig ht ··n onnections.
20
5- 11
Olel fue 1.
Drain s y t m , nei fi ll fu 1 tank with fres h
fue 1.
Ca rburet o r float notpl'operly acljllste d o r hol e
in floa t.
C h ck co ndition of fl oa t.
djust float to pt'oper position .
He pla e l e aky float.
Lit k age misa ligne d (tllrottle ar m t o gove r no r
arm) .
Stra ig ht e n I in k, ge to pre ve nt bindin g.
Eng ine Wi1l
Dirt or water in fu e l sy st m.
e mo vo: fuel ys tem and cle an dirt a nd
water from s yst e m .
Ins tall n w ga sk e ts .
Ins t. II carbur etor kit if nec S8 3.ry.
Wr o ng va lve cl earance .
C heck val ve c l ea r a nce ' nd valve condition .
R e pa ir valve as ne ess ary.
F ulty ('o il.
C heck coil c ndition.
He pla ce co il if ne cessa l'Y .
Spa rk p lug fouled or pitt el, in corr e c t gap
C l e a n nc! r E'g ap plug.
Re place sp' rk plug if nec es s a ry.
n ee c!l e~
not
Spa rk plug fo lIed or pitted, in c orrect gap.
Che ck spal' k plug con dition.
Cl e :ln anc! r e g p.
Repla c spark plug if nec essary.
In orr ct spark plug.
Ins tall proper spark plu g .
rake r points out of adjustment or worn a nd
pitted.
1 n ;1nd adjust.
Replace points if neces sa ry.
Ig nition out of time.
Se t enr;ine timing.
Dirt or water in fuel ·ystem.
Remove fuel sys t m a nd clean dirt anci
water from system.
Install new gaskets.
Install carburetor kit if nec es sary.
Lith o in U.S . A.
{rlle
Idl ·· spee too l ow .
Adj us t id le Sl't' w .
Hi g h s p ed an d iell e mixtur e n e d le s not pr op
rly aeljust\:: d.
Adjust n ed les PI' p e rly .
Di rt 01' w ate r in fuel syst e m.
Re move uel s ys t e m and cl ean d i t
w~ \t e r t ro m s y sl - m.
Ins t a ll n w gas k.et.::; .
In s t a ll c ' r ur e to r k it if nee s a1'y.
Il d
R e s tr ict d fu e l ta n k.
R e lac fi ll e r ca p o r c a p ga uge a sse m bly.
i :' I1.J.{ill e ,V/is ses {iI/de ]' [, oad
Hig h s p e d and idle mixture
pl'ope dy adjus t e d .
Adjust needl e s .
TO /.
Spa r k pl ug {ou] d or pitte d, incorr e t j?;ap.
"' he ck s p a rk plu . condition .
C l IO" n and rega p .
R pI' c e s pa k plug if nece ssary.
Wrong v:1lv c l e ::tra n e.
C heck < l ve lea1'an'e and valve ondition.
Se r vic e v Ive (s) a s n c s s a1'y.
L ow n g in co 1pr es 'ion.
Ch ec k cnmpr ss10n.
1~' Ilr: illc
Misses Hli en
,~(ha i'lcinf{
Thro/tle
Cold .ngine.
C hoke engine be fore advancing th l' ttle .
Hig h speed a nd ielle mixtur e n eed les no t
pr operly adjusted.
Adjust nee d l es .
Spark plu g foul ed or pitted, inc orrect gap.
Check s pa rk plug condition .
C lea nan d r eg:lp.
R e pl:1ce spa k plug if neCf:::;sary.
Linkage misali i~ned (throttle arm to gov e r
nor).
Straighten linka~t: to prevent binding .
20
5-12
Engine
General Information - Kohler
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059- (Apr-57)
01 AGNOSI NG MA L FUNCTIONS-Continued
Engine Loses Powe r
Crankcase low on oil.
Fill crankcase to proper level.
Change oil if tractor has been operated 8
hours since last oil change.
Engine shrouding plugged.
Hemove shrouding and clean engine fins
and inside of shrouding.
Excess i ve engine load.
Reduce engine load by shifting transmis
sion in lower gear and/ or by moving vari
able-speed control lever back.
Restricted air filter.
Clean and check air filter element condi
tion.
Replace filter if necessary.
Dirt or water in fuel system.
Remove fuel system and clean dirt and
water from system.
Install new gaskets.
Install caruburetor kit if necessary.
High speed and idle mixture needle not prop
erly adjusted.
Adjust needles properly.
Spark plug fouled or pitted, incorrect gap.
Check spark plug condition.
Clean and reg'ap.
Replace spark plug if necessary.
Too much oil in crankcase.
Drain oil and refill crankcase with proper
amount of crankcase lubricant.
Low engine compreSSion.
Check compression.
Repair and replace parts as necessary.
Torque head bolts.
Worn cylinder bore.
Check cylinder condition.
Repair as necessary.
Engine Oveyheals
Dirty or plugged shrouding and engine fins.
Remove shrouding and clean engine fins
and shrouding.
Litho in U.S.A.
High speed and idle mixture needles not prop
erly adjusted.
Adjust needles properly.
Too much oil in crankcase.
Drain oil and fill crankcase with proper
amount of crankcase lubricant.
Worn valve stem and/ or guides.
Check condition of valve stems and guides.
Heplace valves and/or guides if necessary.
Crankcase low on oil.
Fill crankcase to proper level.
Change oil if tractor h..'ts been operated 8
hours since last oil change.
Excessive engine load.
Heduce work load by shifting transmission
in lower gear and/or by moving variable
speed control lever back.
Faulty breather causing low crankcase vacu
um.
Clean breather assembly.
Replace parts as necessary.
Engine Knocks
Engine out of time.
Time ignition.
Old fuel.
Drain fuel tank and refill with good grade
of regular gasoline.
Excessive engine load.
Reduce engine load by shifting transmis
sion in lower gear and/ or by moving va ri
able-speed control lever back.
Crankcase low on oil.
Fill crankcase to proper level.
Change oil if tractor has been operatecl 8
hours since last oil change.
Engine Backfiyes
High speed and idle mixture needles not prop
erly adjusted.
Adjust needles properly.
Loose cylinder head or blown head gasket.
Torque head bolts.
Heplace head gasket if necessary.
Tractors, Lawn and
. ng ine
arclen - 110 and 112
G .n e ral Information - Kohler
SM-2059- (Ap r-57)
Intak e v::dv( sticking in guide.
r · (! v, 1 e stem in guide.
Ig-nition out of tim e .
S t e ng in e timi np;.
EIlf!i ne l.ow on Poner at Hir.;lt Speed
R s tri c t c\ air filt e r.
Cle an an d ch 'k ni l' filter element (;o,ldi
ti n .
R ep lace filter if ne c es sa ry.
Spark plug foul ed r pitte d, incorr ec t g< p.
h c k spark pl lg condition.
Cle a n and r e gap .
R e place spark plug if nc c essa r . .
In(' l' n'ct spark plu g.
Insta ll or r c t plu ~.
Throttle to gov 1'nor link::l{~c n t properly
asse m ul . ':l.
\ssen li)l li nkage corr e ctly.
Brea ker points out of a dj ustm nt, w rn or
pitt . d .
C le an and adjust.
Re pla ce points if n ec es s a ry.
Dirt or wa ter in fuel system.
R emove fuel sy' tem and cl ea n clirt a nd
wa t r from sys t e m.
Insh ll new gas k ets.
Insta ll c..:al'bu re t o r kit iI nec e ss:uy .
Sensitive g v 1" nor.
In sta ll anti- s ur ge
En{! ine lis s
CI
Hestrictecl exhaust .
H.ep~ir and clean muffler.
Repla ce muffler if ne cess a ry .
Br a ker points out of a djustment, worn ami
pitt d .
C lea n and adjust.
R eplac e points if n
a r y.
20
5-13
I~·;x;c
spr in ~ .
ss i oe Amount of Oil
~
rc breathe r assemb ly.
lea n I rea ther as s embly .
Re pla c par ts as nece ssa ry.
B r ea ther I Jt a ssem bled properly.
As s e mb le breather pr op erly.
Worn or broke n piston
Install new rings.
rin ~s.
CI a g c\ fuel lin e or a ll· lock .
C l ea n and bleed ai l' [rom fu el line .
Repl a ce fuel line if ner. essary .
Worn c linder bore.
R .c ondition cylin der.
R e p la e parts as l1e es s ary.
Broken choke cabl .
Repla ce cable and adjust choke valv e t o
correspond with control on panel. .
Clogged oil hol es in piston.
Cle. n pis t Ol • nd ('heck pis t on ·ondition.
Instal1 n ew p' r ts as n c ess.Hy.
Clocrged breather ass e mbl y.
Cle an brt·:l ther a ss embly.
Install new parts ; \s necessar y.
Wrong size piston rings.
InsL-lll pr oper rings.
Defecti ve ignition coil.
Ch c k coil.
Replace coil if nec ess:ll'Y.
Enf{ine Does Not iv/aintain C onslanl SPe ed
(s1lYg es)
High speed and idle mixture n e edl es not prop
erly aCljustt ·,J.
Adjust neeclles prop er ly .
Spark plug ga p incorrect.
Check spark plug condition.
Clean and r eg ap spark plug .
Install new spark plug if n cessary.
Litho in U. S.A .
WOi'n valve stems ancVor valve guicl s .
Lileck CO ildition of v:11ve stems ~nd gu id ~s.
11 e pla('( ' valves and / or [?,lJidcs if nee ssary.
Incol'l'e r t oil viscosity.
Drain c rankcase and fill with oil o[ proper
visc osity.
Faulty breather causing l ow crankcase va Cu
um.
Ctleck crankc~sE.' vacuum .
Replace parts as n0cessary.
20
5-14
Engine
General Informa tion - Kohler
Tr ac t ors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059-(Apr-67)
01 AGNOSI NG MA L FUNCTIONS-Continued
Enf{ine Runs Erraiically
Dirt or water in fuel system.
Remove fuel system and clean dirt and
wa t er from sys tem.
Insta ll new gaskets.
Install new carburetor kit if necessary.
High speed and idle mixture needles not prop
erly adjusted.
Adjust needles properly.
Idle speed too low.
Turn idle screw until proper idle rpm is
obtained.
Spark plug fouled or pitted, incorrect gap.
Check spark plug condition.
Clean a nd regap.
Replace spark plug if necessary.
Poor comploession.
Check compression.
Repair and replace parts as necessary.
Faulty breather causing low crankca se vacu
um.
Check crankcase vacuum.
Replace parts as necessary.
Carburetor leaking at gaskets or at conne c
tion.
Install new gasket(s) ancl/ or tighte n con
nection.
Restri c ted fuel t ank vent.
Repla ce filler cap or cap gauge assembly .
Throttle to governor linkage misassembled.
Assemble and adjust linkage properly.
Sensitive governor.
Install anti-surge spring.
Gasoline in Crankcase
Carburetor fl oa t not properly adjusted or
leakin g .
Check condition of float.
Adjust or repl ace float ifnecessa ry.
Float valve ancl/ or seat .
Check condition of needle and seat.
Install carburetor kit if necessary.
Litho in U. S. A.
Tra c. t o r s, Law n ' nd Ga r de n - 110 an el 112
SM-2 059- (Apr-57)
En g ine
Cy lin de r H ; d ;"I n el Valv es - Kohl er
20
10-1
Group 10
CYLINDER HEAD, VALVES AND BREATHER
KOH LER ENGINE FOR 110 TRACTOR
GE N ERAL IN F ORM ATION
F i g_ I-S c he mat ic Vi e w o f Va lves
It is not necessary t o r e m ove th e engine fr om
th e tractor t o g rind va lv e s and valve seat s or
to s e rvice th e breather as se mbly.
Tractors, Serial No. (40 00 1-100,000) equipped
wi th hyd raulic lift, have a valve rotator on the
exhaus t va lve. Any time th e va lv es are r e moved,
special caution shou ld be tak en to insu re that the
c o rr ct va lve spring and tappet are u sed with th e
r ot ator on the exhaust valv e ass e mbly_
Litho in U.S . A.
D ll d
T app e ts
The exhaust va lve in s er t is press fitted into
the bl ock and a n b e r eplac ed. Th e intake va lv e
seat is m ac hined into t h e b lock. Th e br ath r as
sembly is mounted in front of the valve spring
cha mb er below the carbur e t or .
Valve guides can be re pla ced when wear tol
e rances are exce ede d.
20
10-2
Engine
CylinUl'l" Head and Valves - Kohler
Tractors, Lawn a ncl Ga rden - 110 ;:md 112
SM- 2059- (Apr-57)
VAL VE ANAL YSI S
Curroded and pitted valve s t end to collect de
posits which in turn c, u ses alv e s tickin "·. Al
way s replac e badly c or r od ed or pitted valv !~s
with new valv s .
Fig. 2 - Lcad Dopo< " ,
On
Leak y I,,'ake Valve
Lead deposits on the intake valve consist
mo s tly of lead and some metal which Comes from
the lubricating oil. It is caus ed by a small amount
of l ea kag·e uf exhaust [.';ases back into th e intake
port area. This indi ca tes that th e valve is not
seating- prop e rly. Grind the valv e and H'face the
seat t o corr ect this condition. NOT I';: IJe sure 10
coyrec( caZre-to -tappel cleaYUlICe olley griJld
i nK l:all.'es. Sec /JaKe 10-8.
Fi g . 4-Ex !'oust Volve Running Too H ot
Exhaust va lves are des ip;n ed to functi on in
temp eratur es e x eed ing- 5000° F . However, wt"n
op eratin g at this temp r atu re for l on g periods of
time, valve burnin!?: occurS. Tell-tale Si:-;11 8 of
valves running t oo hot i:) the dark discoloration
of the valve stem down into the alca protected
by the valve guide. AnotlJPr indication is disfig
uration of the valve mar g in and valve face. Valve
in se rts may a ls o b egin to burn away .
The most common cause of an ov (~ dleated en
g ine and valves is poor cooling due to dirt or
obs tructions inside the intak e shrouding. TIe
move and c lea n shroudinf'; and all cooling: fins
on th e engine if this condition is noticed. j" ()7F.·
Ne v ey rim enl.,rille u:ith sln·ouding Yerl!ol'ed.
\1 ""1
Fig. J-Vo l ve
S'em Corrosion
Valve stern corrOSion is caused by moisture
finding its way into the eng ine. Moisture in th e
fuel-air mixture can condense insid e the engine
when engine is stopped before it has had a chanc e
to warm up.
Valve corrosion can also oc c ur during stor
a?;e when the en?;ine has not been run for Some
time. Foggin(!; o r pouring oil in the co mbustion
chamber before storing will prevent valve corro
s ion.
Litho in U.S .A.
Also check for impr oper valve timing by
checking; a nd correctin~r, va lv e clearance.
Worn valve guides or valve springs can alsu
cause overheated valves.
Val ves running hot can also be caused by im
proper spark plu?; or overheated spark plugs
which cause pre-ignition or a lean fuel mixture.
En gine
Cylinder He a d and Valves - Kohle r
Tractors, La wn and Ga rden - 110 and 112
M- 2059- (Apr-57)
20
10 - 3
Using gasoline wh ich has be n left in th e tank
a long tim e is a common c ause of s ticking va lves .
Sometimel, this gummy substanc e can be s een
on the valve. WIlt'1l this condition is found, it is
a l so like ly th:lt the carbu r eto!' a lso conta ins gu m
de pos its and will require a co mplet e cleaning.
Advise e usto m e r alway s to use fresh gasoline
and a lw ay s t o drain gas from all fu el lin e s and
carbur et o r b efor e storing traet or.
Fig. 5- Gu m my Val v e Caus ing V o lve to Stick'
REP AIR
3
\
~
-4
18 17)/
19
\
\
'~
ol on e <>
Check ring g r ooves for xc ss iv e wear by
inserting- a new ring in th e pre p e r graD e a t
s ' v e n ll pOint a r ound th e piston . M easu r c lea r3.IlCC b e tween rin g and f!TOOV with a f e1ot'
gau gl:>, Figure 13 . Ref e r t o 'pec ifiea t ions , p a~e
15 - 18. [or ring g r oove side cl ea ranc . n eplac e
piston havi.llg- ring cl earance beyond w e r li mits.
In spec t piston for [rac tu es at the ri.ng land s,
s kirts a nd ring bosse s and fo r r ou gh or scored
sl • •
" ,,, ' ,
Fig . 18-Diagonal P i ston Wear Palf In C a u s e d b y
F ig. 17-Hole Burned in Piston Caused by
Pre-Igni tion
Pre-ignition is the igniting of the fuel-air
mixture prior to the regular ignition spark.
Pre-ignition causes severe internal shock re
sulting in pings, vibration, detonation and power
loss. Severe damage to piston, rings and valves
results from pre-ignition.
Wilen pre-ignition is suspected and detected.
check and correct the followin g possible causes:
Bent
or TWI s ted C Ol1l1CC t l n
Rod
Check rod and piston alignment when a piston
shows a diagonal wear patt e rn extending across
the skirt of th e piston. Contact with cylinder
wall shows on bottom of skirt at left and ring
lands on the right.
A cylinder bored at an a ngle to the crankshaft
co uld also cause improper ring contact with the
cylinder wall.
This condition can cause:
1. Internal carbon depOSits which remain
incandesc ent.
2. Incorr ec t spa rk plug (high heat rang·e) .
3. Broken ceramic in spark plug.
4. Sharp edges on valv es or elsewhere in
the combustion chamber.
Litho in U.S.A .
1. Rapid piston wear.
2. Uneven piston wear.
3. Excessive oil consumption .
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM - 2059 -(Apr-57)
Engin e
Piston. Crankshaft and Flywheel - Kohler
20
15-9
, It :
Fig
Fi g . 20- Ml>o s urln9 Cr an ks hall Jour na l
79-Pisl on Damage Caused by Wrisl Pi n L ock
C oming Loose
C
NNECTING ROD AND CAP A ALYSIS
In the above illustration a p iece of the lock
fo und its way into the oil ring.
Pin locks loosen or break due to:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Hod misalignment.
Excessive crankshaft end play.
Crank pin taper.
Weak pin locks.
Pin locks incorr ectly installed.
Inertia can cause a l ock or loose object in
side the piston pin to beat out the pist on and
cylinder in the pin boss area. Dama ge to l)oth
piston and cylinder OCCurS.
INSPECTING CRANKSHAFT
-
Wipe crankshaft dry and check general con
clition. Clean up thr eads on end of shaft if nec
essary. If crankshaft journal indicates wea r be
yond specified limits or if journal is scored,
take the crankshaft to a competent auto m otive
shop to turn th e crankpin down O.OlO-inch. An
underSize connectin~ rod and cap must then be
installed . THIS IS IMPORT ANT. Do not just
replace a crankShaft having a l)ad journal.
Turnin g down th e journal and installin g a new
r od will likely be th e least expens ive meth od of
repair.
Litho in U.S.A.
rAP
M
se,iO
F ig 27 -Cronks/'all Ca nnec ling Rod and Cap
After cleaning anddryingparts, checkroc\ancl
cap for signs of bending, cracking or unusual
wea r patterns.
20
15-10
Engine
Piston. Crankshaft and Flywheel - Kohler
" .. I
II',
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059-(Apr -67}
Measure fit of r od and cap to crankshaft
bearing. Also measure fit of piston pin in piston
and r od . See specifications ior wear toleranc es .
An undersize rod and cap (O .OlO-inch) is
available· for service.
INSPECTING AND REPAffiING BLOCK
After thoroughly cleaning the bloek, check it
for cracks. Cracks not visible to the nak ed ey
may be det ected by coating the suspecte d area
w ith a mixture of 25% kerosen e and 75% light
e ngine oil.
1
'fI,
Fig. 22 - Scared ond Galled Crank Pin and Rod Cap
Cause d by Lo ck 01 Lubricat ion
Lack of lubrication or irnpr oper lubrication
can cause the connecting rod and cap to seize
t o the crankshaft and may even cause rod
particles to become imbedded in th e hardened
steel crankshaft. When the rod and cap seize
to the crankshaft, the connecting rod and piston
may both brake with shattering force causing
oth er interior damage. When this happens in
spect block carefully for cracks and breakage
b efore r ebuilding engin e .
Wipe the part dry and imm ediately apply a
coating of zinc oxide dissolved in wood alcohol.
U a c rack is present. th e coa ting will become
discolored at the defective ar e a. Repla
th e
block if crac ked . NOTE ; A shoyl bloch is av ail
able /01' sen 'ice.
Crankshaft :md connec ting rod damage can
result from:
1. Engine run low on oil 0 1' w ith out o il.
2. Oil Slinger broken off bearing cap .
3. Oil hole in connecti ng r od plugged with
dirty oil.
4. Oil not changed regularly.
5. Bearing cap installed incorrectly.
Not e espec ially the condition of the rod and
cap bearing area. Eviden ce of sco r e marks on
these areas indicates impurities in th e o il or
eng ine run without oil. TIeplac e rod showin g
scratch marks or de ep scores in til e bearing
area. B e nt rods can be straight e n ed with a rod
aligner. Be Sure slinger on rod cap is intact
- not cracked, bent or chipped. This is impor
tant. NOTE: Ne/U rods and caps are cn-ailable
only as a matched sel forsen :icc. IjciLheris
dW)1 (l.£{e d,
bolh must be ?'e/)lac ed.
Litho in U.S.A.
F ig. 23-Mcasuring Cyl inder Bore
Us e a telescoping gauge and micrometer to
m ea sure b ore in two places at top and bottom of
ring tra ve l ar ea. Out-oi-round dimension is t1w
difference between dimensions A and B. Cylinde l'
wall tap er is the differ ence between dimension A
at th e top and dim e nsion A at the bottorn of cyl
ind er bore. See SpeCifications. page 15-18, for
wear tol era nce.
Tractors, L awn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059- (Apr -67)
Engine
Piston, Crankshaft and Flywheel - Kohler
20
15- 11
DEGLAZING CYLINDER BORE
INSPECTING CAMSHAFT
Deglazing is not intended to remove any
appreciable amount of metal from the bore, but
rather to clean up and provide the proper sur
face. A propel' bore surface feels smooth but ha s
a cross-hatch pattern of rnicro-scratcheswhich
can be seen. This finish w ill allow the new rings
to seat or run-in properly. This finish also r e
tains a small film of o il to provide ring' lubri
ca ti on for the ring surface and prevents scoring.
Check camshaft for broken or c rack ed gear
t e e th. Check op e ration of ACR assembly making
sure all parts are intact and operate freely.
Check condition of flywei ght springs. If ca mshaft
needs attention, see Gruup 20 for camshaft and
governor service.
INSPE CTING MAIN BEARINGS
Main bearin gs turn in an oil mist and will
not normally require replaCing. Check for un
usual signs of wear such as race turnin g with
bea ring or bea rinr; deflection caused by excess ive
eng in e lu gg in g. R e fer to Bearing Analysis below.
BEARING ANALYSIS
The caus es of bearing failure must be in den ti
fied and understood in order to app ly th (l proper
corrective measures.
Fig. 24-Dcg/azing Cylinder Bore
Use a deglazing tool to break glaze, Figure
24. Follow manufacturers recommendations.
A 200-280 grit tool is g e nerally preferred for
d e g laz in g . A cross hatch pattem of apprOXimately
45 ~ should be obtain ed while operating the to ol
v e rtically during deglazing.
BORING CYLINDER BLOCK
If block is to be bored as determined On page
15-7, c lean and dry block thoroughly. neborinr;
can be done by machining at a reliable automu
tive repair shop or by el e ctric drill and boring
tool. See Specia l Tools, page 15-19.
Reboring to 0.010-inch oversize to accomo
date overSize piston and rin~s can also be done
with a course stone in the deglazing tool. Figure
24, and finishing with finer grit StOlle(S). 1;\1
POR1ANT: If block is jif(f(ed in (/ dri l1 press/o/"
reborinf{, be sure boring tool alld block are in
true ali.frmnenl.
Litho in U.S.A.
Fig . 25-Brokcn Ra c es Caused by Misaligned Beurillg
D uring In stollation
Bearing's allowed to cock while inserting or
preS Sin g th em over a burr may cause the bearing
to crack. Always us e bearing driver tool and
remove burrs b efore installing bearings.
20
15-12
EnfSine
Piston. Crankshaft and Flywheel - Kohler
Tractors. Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM -2059- (Ap r -67)
Fig. 28-Nicks ill Ouler Race Cau se d by Usillg Ch isel
or Drillpitl 10 Remo v e or Inslo/l Bearing
Fi g. 26-Beoring Wear Cau sed by C rock or L ooseness
Oil Sl,oll
U inn er ring is a loose fit on th e rotating
shaft. rotation of the shaft within the inner ring
can scuff loose small particles of metal. These
even tually get into the bearing causing wear on
the ba lls and races. This makes for noisy op
el'a tion a nd s hort ened bearing life and failure.
The condition is easily identified by scoring or
abrasion on th e I)ore of inner ring , Figure 26.
\I j
!
Fig. 29- 0il Seal Damage Cau sed by Corcl es , In·
Slo/lOlioll wil/. SI,o rp T ool
Fi g . 27-B~ori"9 Wear Caused by Mis olignmenl
Misaligned bearings c ause undue wear, heat
by friction and ev entual failure.
Note the crooked ball paths in the raceways
and th e oval appearance of th e balls and wear
on the separator caused hy rubbing against the
race.
Litho in U. S.A.
Tractors. Lawn and Gard en - 11 0 and 112
CiM-2059 -(Apr-67)
En::;ine
Piston, Crankshaft and Flywheel - Kohler
20
15-13
INSTALLATION
INST1\LLING CRANK..SHAFT
ASSEMBLING BEAnING. BEAnING PL1\TE AND
OIL SEALS
Fig. 30 - Timing Mark" on Crankshoft and Cams haft
Fi g . 31-l nstall ing Ma in Bear ing,n Bea ri n g Plate
Cover keyway in PTO end of crankshaft with
a strip of scotch tape t o prevent cutting seal if
seal has been left in block.
With bearing plate prop e rly supported , press
main bearing, shielded side up. Fig'ure 31. int.o
bearing plute until hearinR bottoms in bearin~
bore. Be Sllye sllielde d side is Il/). Ball bcal'lll.f'.s
Slip power take-off end of crankshaft into
bearing- in cylinder block.
IliliSt
NOT!,': ProjJer cyanks!w/t and ca7llsh{(ft r;ear
liminr; is imjJortant.
T i 111 ing; ma rks are prov ided on c rankslJaft and
camshaft g-ear for co rr ec t eng'ine tirninf(. When
in place, mark between t ee th on camshaft rnust
be directly in line with lug on shoulder of cl' ank
shaft, Figure 30. Chalk timing mark positions
for ease of viewing during assembly.
Litho in U.S.1\.
no/ be exposed /0 engine cYan/,'case oil.
20
15-14
Engine
Piston, Crankshait and Flywheel - Kohler
ASSEMBLING BEARING, BEARING PLATE
AND OIL SEALS-Continued
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059-(Apr-67)
S[{,l tO OL
t',
CAP
~,Rtll
Fig. 34-0il S ea l Installation
Fi g . 32 -l nsto ll ing Bearing Pl ate witl, Bea ring
Cylinder Bl ock
On
Install oil seals with lip facing inward. Use a
seal tool to protect seal from being damag;ed
during' installation. Drive seal in seal bore until
outer face of seal is flush or 1/32-inch beyond
flush of engine exterior, Figure 34.
ASSEMBLING CONNEC T ING ROD AND PISTON
Insta ll gask et and bearing plate ov r crank
shaft, a ttach w ith four one-inch cap screws and
copper washers, Figure 32. Draw cap screws up
evenly until correct torque is obtained. See
tor que chart, Section 10.
Support connecting r od in a bench vise and
Slip piston down over conn e c ting rod. C oat p is ton
pin with a light film of o il. Insert pis ton pin
through piston bore and connecting rod and on
into OPPOSite piston bore. A properly fitted p ist on
pin can be pressed into pOSition with hand pr s
sure. Install r eta iner in both ends of piston pin
bon, making sure that snap rings are securely
seated in rett iner grooves in piston bore.
Use a commercial rod aligner to check r od
and piston alignment. Follow manufa ctur ers
recommendations for checking and correctini!.
alignment.
F ig. 33 - Checking Crankshaft End Clearance
Seat the bearings by first tapping the tapered
end of crankshaft with a mallet. Th en tap PTO
end of crankshaft. Check distance between bear
in g rin g and crankshaft shoulder w ith a fe e ler
gau,re, Figure 33. Refer to Specifications, page
15-18. for crankshaft end cl e arance . Us e a kets
as required to obtain correct crankshaft end
cl ea rance.
Litho in U.S.A.
Tractors. Lawn and Gard en - 110 and 112
SM-2059 - (Apr-67)
Engine
Piston, Crankshaft and Flywheel - Kohler
20
15-15
CHECKING PISTON RING END GAP
PI, T
I '.I..
Fi g. 36-Pislon R ing A sscm bly
",
F ig. 35-Checking Ring En d Gap
Befo r e installing rin g's on piston, ins e rt each
ring into the cyl inder bore to check ring end
gap, Figure 35.
Always check ring end gap whenever new rings
a re installed. Use an invert e d piston with out rings
to push the ring squarely to a point in the bore
which is approximately th e ce nter of piston ring
travel.
F i9. J 7 - I n s loll ing Ring.
Measure th e ring end gap by inserting a
feeler gauge between the ends of the ring, Figure
35. See Specifications, page 15-18. for co rrect
ring ga p.
Minor increase in gap c learance ca n be made
by hi ing the ends of the ring but this must be done
accurately on equipment made for this purpose.
Too much end clearance indicates that wrong
rings are being used or cylinder is bored too
lar ge .
TNSTALLING RTNGS AND PISTON
After checking ring Side clearance and end
gap, us e rin g expander to pOSiti on all ring's ex
actly as shown, Figure 36. Regular set of rin gs
do not have rails and expander on oil ring.
Note position of chamfer on top rin g, under
cut on center rin g and expander of lower ring.
When installing heavy-duty rings, be sure to
install chrome- edge d ring in top piston groove.
Stagger the piston ring gaps by moving e ach
ring until the gaps are out of alignment as much
as possibl e . THIS IS IMPORTANT.
Litho in U.S . A.
F ig. 38-lnstoll;n9 Piston i" Cylindcr
Coat piston and rin g generously with light oil
and insert co mplete assembly into cylinder bore
using ring' compressor. Figure 38.
NOIE· l3e sure malch marks on conneclin::;
rod alld rod cap {/ re alif{ned and face r7yw/teC'l
side of enr:;ine, Fif!,7lye .99 .
20
15-16
Engine
Piston, Crankshaft and Flywheel - Kohler
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059-(Apr -67)
ATTACHING ROD TO CRANKSHAFT
F ig. 40-0il Pan an d Ga sket A ssc'mu/y
Fig 3?-Rod and Crankshaft Assembl y
INSTALLING FLYWHEEL
After piston assembly is installed, place block
on end and oil connecting rod and crank pin. Be
Sure that match marks on connecting rod and
cap, Figure 39 , al'e aligned anclface flywhe el side
of e ng ine .
Attach connecting rod cap, lock plate and cap
scr ews to the connecting rod.
Use a torque wrench to tighten connecting
rod cap screws to 220-inch pounds. Back off
screws and tighten to 200-inch pounds. This
two step procedure will assure a tight fit of rod
to crankshaft and avoids possibility of screws
tightening in threads while rod remains loose
on crankshaft.
IA1PORT/lNT' Bend lips of lockpla/e /0 yod
cap scyew heads to pvevenLscyewsfronz loosen
ing.
INSTALLING OIL PAN ON BLOCK
Place a new g'asket Oll oil pan. Position oil
pan to match cylinder block. Figure 40. Place
coil bracket on front of cylinder block. Install
two 3/8 x 1-1/4-incl1 cap Screws through coil
bracket and engine block. Install two 3/8 x I-inch
cap screws through rear of engine block. Hefer
to Torque Chart, Section 10 and torque cap
screws accordingly.
Litho in U,S.A.
Fig 41-Flywlll'cI A ssemb ly
Plac e square k ey in crankshaft keyway.
Assemble flywh cf.' l. washer and nut on end of
crankshaft and tighten nut.
Place bar between flywheel fins 01' use strap
wrench, Fig'ure 41, while torquing'nut. See Spec
ifications, page 15 -18, for prop e r flywheel nut
torque.
Refer to Group 10 and install valv es, breather
and cylinder head.
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM- 2059- (Apr-67)
INSTALLING SHROUDING
Engine
Piston, Crankshaft and Flywheel - Kohler
20
15-17
INSTALLING EXTERIOR COMPONENTS
M 56 9 7
Fig. 42-lnstaffing Engine Shrouding
Fig 43 - Asscmbllf/9 Carhuretor. Coil and Condenser
Install blower housing, cylinder baffle, head
baffle and rnotor generator bracket. Install
sheave and scre e n to engine block. Tighten screw
firmly.
Install coil and condensor, Figure 43. Attach
leads to their respective terminals. See Section
40, Electrical System.
Note position of 1/ 4 x 3/ 8-inch cap Screw.
Be sure breaker point push rod is in place.
Also insp e ct. clean and adjust breaker pOints if
necessary. Se e Section 40, El e ctrical Syst e m.
Refer to page 20-6 for proper carburetor and
governor arm assembly. See adjustments and ad
just accord ingly.
Litho in U.S.A.
20
15-18
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059-(Apr-67)
Engine
Piston, Crankshaft and Flywheel - Kohler
SPECIFICATIONS
K161S K181S Kohler Engines
Component
Wear Tolerance
New Part Dimension
0.0025 inch out of round
Replace or grind crank pin
Crankshaft pin size
1.186 inch
Piston pin diameter K161S-K181S
0.6247/ 0.6249 inch Standard
Piston diameter top of skirt (just
below oil ring groove) at 90° to
piston pin bore
K161S
K181S
2.8675/2.8685 inch
2.929 / 2.930 inch
2.8625 inch
2.925 inch
Piston pin bore
0.625 / 0.627
0.632
Cylinder bore K161S
2.875
K181S
inch
2.880 or 0.004
round
2.9425 or 0.004
round
inch
2.9375 inch
Ring groove side clearance
inch
inch out of
inch out of
0.002 /0.0035 inch
TABLE OF CLEARANCES
Clearances
Item
Crankshaft end clearance
Connecting rOd-large end
Connecting rod-large end side clearance
Piston skirt clearance at thrust face
Top of skirt
Bottom of skirt
Piston ring end gap
0.002 / 0.023 inch
0.001 / 0.002 inch
0.005 / 0.016 inch
0.006/ 0.008 inch
0 .003 / 0.006 inch
0.007/ 0.017 inch
TUNE-UP DATA
TORQUES FOR HARDWARE
Location
Torque
Connecting rod cap
screws
220-200 in-Ibs
See page 15-16
Flywheel nut
75 ft-Ibs
Misc . hardware
Refer to Torque Chart,
Section 10
Litho in U.S.A.
Item
Specification s
Crankcase lubricant
Ref er to Section 10 for
proper crankcase lu
bricant
Oil change
Every 25 hours of opera
tion or every 8 hours
under extremely dusty
conditions
Engine block
0.005 inch wear or 0.004
inch out of round. In
stall heavy-duty rings
Engine
Piston. Crankshaft and Flywheel - Kohler
Tractors , Lawn and Garden - 11 0 and 112
SM-2059- (Apr-67)
20
15-19
SPECIAL TOOLS
Na me
Strap wrench
Mi cro met er 1-inch
Micrometer 2-inch
Micrometer 3-inch
Micrometer 4-inch
Inside telescopin g gauge 5/ 16-6
inch
Feeler gauge
Cylinder hone
Ring groove c leaner
Fine-Stone for AMMCO 500 cyl
inder hone
FiniShing-Stone for AMMCO 500
cylinder hone
Medium-St one for AMMCO 500
cylinder hone
Coarse-Stone for AMMCO 500
cylinder hone
Piston ring band handle
Piston ring compressor
Ridge/Reamer
Litho in U.S.A.
Usc
Part No.
Ridgid-5
Starrett
Starrett
Starr ett
Starr e tt
Star rett
230 RL
2 RL
436 XRL
436 XRL
S579H
To remove flywheel
Check piston pin diameter
Check crank pin diameter
Check piston diam e ter
Check piston diameter
Che c k cylinder bore
OTC 860 A
AMMCO 500
OTC 846
AMMCO 621
Check e nd clearances
Oe glazing a nd boring engine block
Clean piston grooves
Finish cut
AMMCO 3933
Finish and deglazing
AMMCO 620
Se 111 i - f in ish
AMMCO 619
For roughing cylinder (primary cut)
KD 850
KD 850 B-1
AMMCO Model 2100
Tif;llten piston !'i ng compr e ssor
To compress piston rings
To remove top ridge from cy linder
bore
20
15-20
Engine
Piston, Crankshaft and Flywheel - Kohler
Litho in U.S. A.
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059-(Apr-67)
Tract o rs, Lawn and Gar de n - 110 and 112
SM - 2059-(Apr - 67 )
Eng in e
Ca mshaft, Tappet s and Gov e rnor-Kohler
20
20- 1
Group 20
CAMSHAFT, TAPPETS AND GOVERNOR
KOHLER ENGINE FOR 110 TRACTOR
GENERAL INFORMATION
o
_
GOV l HNOR
f.\. RM
RlG ULATING
DI SK
GOV E :( NOf<
CROSS /
SHA FT
ACR CAM SilAFT
M 5590
'-
Fi g . 1- Asse m bl e d V i /?w of (on, sho Ft, Tapp e t s
Th e camshaft driv e n governor mai ntains con
stant e ngin e sp e ed under varying- loads and
serv\ ' ~o as a top speed limiting device.
Litho in U.S.A.
0" "· G ov e rnor
Spark advanc e and automatic c ompr e ssioll
release c a mshafts ar e c o vered in detail on the
J1C'xt pagl'.
20
Engine
20-2 Camshaft, Tappets and Governor-Kohler
SPARK ADVANCE CAMSHAFT
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059-(Apr-67)
The ACR camshaft can be installed in engines
on 110 Tractors (
-40000). The necessary
parts are provide d in kit form. After installa
tion, check valve clearan c e , page 10-11 .
All short blocks are equipped withACR cam
shafts.
T [i' t .j
f·1 ,\~
~
,
M INI
Fig . 2-Spark AdvancQ Camshaft
The K161 En g ine used in 110 Tr ac tors
-3550) and K181 Engine used in Tra c tors
3551-40000) have spark advance camshaft,
Figure 2.
Weights on the camshaft gear actuate the
breaker point cam, which in turn retards th e
ignition timing during the cranking cycle. As
engine reaches 500-600 rpm, timing is advanced
and engine operates in the standard manner a t
all higher speeds.
AUTOMATIC COMPRESSION RELEASE
CAMSHAFT
Fi g. 4-ACR Opera/ion
Automatic c ompression release provides a
reduction in cranking effort by holding the ox
haust valve open slightly during the first part of
the compression stroke. This allows part of tile
fuel-air mixture to es cape, lowering the Co m
pression pressure, Figclre 4. This fe a ture is
especially valuable during cold we a ther starting .
" ~tJl1
Fig. 3-Au/omatic Compre ss ion Release Camshaft (ACR)
K181 Engines in 110 Tra c tors (40001-100,000)
ha ve the automatic compression release cam
shaft, Figure 3.
Litho in U.S.A.
By releasing compression, the pressure of the
burning mixture is reduced sufficiently for the
flywheel to carry the engine over top dead center.
This prevents "ki c k-back" and eliminates th e
need for the spark retard mechanism.
When the engine speed reaches approximately
650 rpm, centrifugal force disengages the ACR
allowing the engine to operate in the usual man
ner at all higher speeds, with no loss of powe r.
Engine
Camshaft, Tappets and Governor-Kohler
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - l10 and l12
S1\1- 2059 - (Apr -67)
20
20-3
REPAIR
(VI 5699
Go ve rnor Shaft Wa s her
Governor Cross Shaft
Ncedle Bcoring
Go ver nor Gear
Br oss Wash er
Spring (ACR Cam s haft)
Cam s haft (ACR)
Exhaust Valv e Tappe. (2 · L 32 Inch Overall Length)
Spark Advance Camshaft (
·40000 )
Exhaust Valve Tappet (2 Inch Length)
ACR Cam shaft s (40001.100,000)
9 - Intake Val ve Tappet (2.1 / 32 Inch Over a ll Length .
Top of Stem Flat)
10 - Spa ce r (0005 or 0010 Inch As Requlrcd)
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
-
11 - Camshaft Pin
12 - Ig n",on Com (Other Than ACR) (
13 - Fly w hee l P in (Other Thon ACR) (
.40000)
.40 000)
1<1 - Spark Advan ce Spring (O ther Than ACR )
(
·40000)
15 - Flyweight (Other Than ACR) (
16
17
18
19
-
20 21 22 -
23 -
·40000)
Go ve rnor Le ve r
Gov er nor Spring
Governor Bushing
Regulating Di sc
Go ve rnor Linkage
Speed Control Bracket
Linkage Sprinq
Governor Stop Pin
FIg. 5 - E xpl ade d View of Camshaft and Governor
REMOVING CAMSHAFT AND TAPPETS
Remove engine and
covered in Group 15.
all
component parts
Use a blunt punch to drive camshaft pin out
of block.
OHPORTANT: Drive pin out fyom power tal?e
ojf side of cylinder bloc1e only. Pin will slide olll
easil'), a/Ley it is driven fl'ee from this side of
Mock, Figure (i. i?emol'in;; ov ins /allinl{ pin in
correctly will damage engine block.
Lift out camshaft.
CAUTION: Watch for and save thIn camshaft
shlm(s) when removing camshaft.
Fig _ 6-Rernoving Comshof, Pin
Mark tappets before removing to b e sure
ttley are returned to same tappet hol e. Lift tap
pets out.
Litho in U.S.A.
20
20-4
Engine
Camshaft. Tappets and Gov rn o r-Kohler
Tractors. Lawn anri Garden - 110 and 112
SM -2059 -(Apr -67)
R EMOVTNG GOVERNOR
Loosen nut on g ov rnor arm
off ::tlJ e xt e rnal parts.
haft and slide
\'O T1:,;" Do 1101 at! III/JI 10 r a mO I e p:Ol e r llor
sh aft (rorn ouLs ide of e ng ine. [t nms I be
r ei I/o/ c d (rom lite insi de .
C ros s
Turn bl o c k upside d u w l1 and r m ov g ove rnor
s top pin (23. Fi g . 5) ane! c opper was i1 c l'. Go v
ernor a ss embly and cr o s shaft (2, F i . 5) m ay
now b e l· e moved.
.~I
c~ !I I
P E CT ING CA MSHAFT
Was h gov e rnor and a msha ft in saf e c l a ning
solve nt and wipe pa rts dry.
C h ec k ca m s ha ft for Cl" ck ct, worn o r brok e n
gp a r t eeth.
Ch eck op e ration of ACH ('., m s h a ft a nd we ights
nuk ing sure J ll pa rt s a re inta et a nd ope r a te
fr ee ly.
S O T l~·· I I en C I/ iii S /taft s (IJ'e ([/ ,(lilah le f or se)'
r'i ce on l y (Is ({ ('(mlplete ass em h ly exc epl f a !" t he
,fly r eix hl sp ring . l ndil'ir/ual parts ave (l(,(lil ab l e
/0)' s/)(ly1, adr ali c e cwus/w f ts.
Fi q , 8 - Gov " rno r Cr o ss S;'ol,
INS T ALL AT ION
T ST AL LING GOVE R NOR
.~
,.
f ','
i l ~ ..
1\ t
LI. S,
I...
i
S P ECTlNG GOVERNOR GEAR
L1 ;
.!"
'. t
'" T
UI
r
h E ~I< I '1\.
',PLio ' /
L,): :F ,ln
Ll.fIi. ' l1
,H SiY,
Fi9. 9 - C ross·SC' ct Jon of Go ye rno r A sscm bly
\l
III J
Fig 7-Govcrnor Gear As s embly
The governor gear assembly will not normal
ly show much wear. Be sure weights and gov
e rnor center pin operate freely and that gea rs
and teeth are in f2;ood condition.
The stub shaft is replaceable. Remove ex
pansion plug from block a nd P]'(?SS replac e ment
shaft into block until it protrud e s 1l ,' 3 2 -inch
from the boss area.
Be sure crass shaft arm is not loose on shaft
and is positioned perpendicular to shaft, Figure
8. This is illlportant. If arm is loose. install new
crOSs shaft.
Lith o in U.S.A.
Plac e cylind e r block on its s ide. In s ta ll cro s
shaft f r om inside of bl ock. Place br a ss wash e r
and governor g e ar as s e mbl on s tub shaft, Fi g
ure 9. Place washer on holding screw and tu rn
in from outside of e n gine block.
Place washer and speed control disk on end
of cross shaft. Thr e a d bushing nut into bl ock,
clamping speed contr o l b racket into plac . T i ght
en nut lightly.
T ractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059 (Apr-67)
Engine
Camshaft, Tappets and Governor-Kohler
20
20-5
-.. R
I
~ .
.
~
\ 1 ..
t.,
Fig. IO-Exlcrnal Governor Porls
Fig. 12-Asscmbling Camshaft
Grasp end of cross shaft and work crOSS shaft
in and out to determine end clearance. Cross
shaft should be free to move in and out approxi
mately 1/ 64 to 1/ 32 inch. Adjust for more or less
end clearance by tapping neeclle bearing eHhel
in or out of block. Figure 9.
[i'v'JPOR TJ1 NT: Breakey cam can be assembled
180 0 oul of lime. Be sure timing marf~ on cam 'is
directly opposite pyotrusion on camshaft caslin.g,
Figure] 2.
;VOTE.' To pye/ :cnl damage, lap needle bearing
(II depressed cen/c 'r aren oilly.
Spin the governor gear assembly to be sure
it rotates freely.
Position breaker cam between flyweight lugs.
Load camshaft springs after installing cam
by sliding them into position behind flyweights.
Figure 11.
The ACR camshaft requires no assembly.
INSTALLING CAMSHAFT
ASSEMBLING SPARK ADVANCE CAMSHAFT
Fi g
Fig . II-Assembling Spork Advan~e Carn,/lOlt
Place tappets back in same holes from which
they were removed.
Assemble spark advance camshaft by first
loosening springs on flyweights and positioning
cam as shown, Figure 11.
Litho in U.S.A.
13-/ns/olling Com,hofl
While holding camshaft assembly, insert cam
shaft pin. Be sure to install thin shim washer(s)
on shaft next to bearing plate side of blOCK
Drive pin into block until end of pin is flush wit:.
block exterior (flywheel side of block).
20
20-6
Engine
Camshaft, Tappets and Governor-Kohler
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059- (Apr-67)
-------------------------------------------------------Refer to "Installation" on pa ges 10-9 and
15-13 to complete engine assembly.
ASSEMBLING CAMSHAFT-Continued
Us e fee ler gauge to check camshaft end clear
ance. See Specifications , page 20-8. Use 0.005
to 0.010-inch spacer washers as requiredtoob
tam correct clearance.
Spin camshaft to be sure governor and cam
shaft turn freely.
CONNECTING GOVERNOR ARM TO
CARBURETOR
INSTALLING GOVEBNOR ARM
Fi9 . 16-Gov",n o r.lo . Co rbv relor Li nkoge
Connect linkage between governor arm and
carburetor in corre ct holes as indicated, FigLlre
16.
Fig. ll-PositiOlltru] Governor Ar",
INSTALLING E NG INE IN TRACTOH
Turn block upright and slide governor arm,
spring and bolt ass e mbly on end of crosS shaft.
Be SUYC sprinf[ is positioned into slot
cOlltrol disk.
ill
speed
Fig. 17-ln 5101ling Engine
Position engine in tractor and attach engine
base to same holes in tra c tor frame.
Fig
IS-Adjusling Governor Arm
Before tightening bolt on croSS shaft, turn
governor shaft counterclockwise as far as pos
sible. While holding' governor arm to the left
(away from block) tighten bolt. Figure 15 . Move
governor through its full arc of travel to be sure
it operates loosely. Relieve pressure on bushing
nut if too tight.
Litho in U.S.A.
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM -2059- (Apr -67)
Engine
Camshaft, Tappets a nd Governor-Kohler
20
20-7
11..- j
AI.D \. 1 , (lU i 1
Fig . 18-Drilli ng Holes ill Enginc Basc Whcn
Installing Ser.ice En gin e on 110 Tractors
(]55 1-75000J
When installin~ serviee e ngines with a bottom
oil drain on older tractors, an extra hol e must
be drilled and enlarged. Locat e hol e from di
mensions given in Figure 18 .
F ig 20 -lnsto/l in9 CI, okc und Th rottle ( "b lc s
Attach choke and throttl e cables. FiRur'e 20.
Be sure choke is fully open when control lever
on clash panel is clown. Also m a ke certain throt
tle cable synchronizes thl'ottl(~ control w ith car
buretor control.
Adjust as necessary by loosening clamp on
cable and positioning as required. Ti ghten clamp
firmly.
F ig. 19-Elcctricol Conncction s
Fig. 21-lnstollil19 Go, Tonk
Attach ground wire to bracket showl] in Fig
ure 19. Connect wires to coil and motor-gen
erator. Refer to Section 40, Electrical System,
for wiring diagram if n ecessary.
Litho in U.S.A.
Install and tighten gas tank and bands, Fig
ure 21.
20
20-8
Engine
Camshaft. Tappets and Gov ernor-Kohler
Tra c tors , Law n and Garden - 110 a nd 112
SM-2059-( Apr-6 7)
ADJUSTMENT
GOVERNOR SPEED ADJUSTMENT
Governor speed is regulat ed by the position
of the governor bracket. The br:1 c k e t acts as a
stop limiting the rotation of the speed control
disk.
After engine is operable, start engine ane!
check eng'ine speed at full throttle. Move gover
nor hracket up or down , Figure 22, as required
until maximum engine speed is 3800 rpm with
all drives disengaged. Tighten bushing nut but
A VOID EXCESSIVE PRESSUHE. Govern o r arm
rnust operate loosel y.
fM jJ()R TANT· Afle Y Ihe engine i s ossem bled
and ins/({lled in the lYtic/or, follOl)J the engine
Fi g. 22 -G ova,"or Speed Control
/une-up procedure gil'en in Section 10.
SPECIFICATIONS
K161S AND K181S KOHLER ENGINES
TABLE OF CLEARANCES
Cl eara nces
Item
Camshaft pin to camshaft clearance
0.001/ 0.0035"
Camshaft end clearance
0.005 / 0.010"
Tappet in l)lock
0.0005 / 0.0020' ,
TUNE-UP DATA
TORQUE FOR HARDWARE
Location
Torque
Item
Spec ifications
Miscellaneous hardware
Refer to torque
chart, Section 10
Camshaft end
clearance
Shim as required
SPECIAL TOOLS
Nome
15 / 16-inch tappet wrench
Litho in U.S.A.
Part No.
Use
To loosen or tighten
g overnor bushing nut.
Engine
General Information - Tecumseh
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM- 2059- (Apr- 67)
20
25-1
Group 25
GENERAL IN FORMATION
TECUMSEH ENGI NE FOR 112 T RACT OR
DESCRIPTION
" SU l'
Fig. I-Cutaway View of Tecumseh HHIOO Engine Showing Pi ston, Valves and Tappets
The Tecums e h HHIOO Engine us ed in 112
Tractors is a four-cycle, internal combustion
eng'ine. It has a cast iron block, and is an L
head, single cylinder engine with large bore,
short-stroke design.
The engine is a ir cooled with tapered roller
crankshaft bearings, is oil bath lubricated and
Litho in U.S.A.
has an internal flyweight governor.
Detailed specifications for the HHIOO engine
are covered in Section 10 "General," and at the
end of each group in this section.
20
25-2
Engine
General Information - Tecumseh
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM- 2059- (Apr- 6 7)
ENGINE ANALYSIS
PRELIMINARY ENGINE CHECKS
A complete guide for diagnosing engine mal
functions appears on page 25-4. However, the
majority of engine trouble reports are of a minor
non-chronic nature and are usually due to elec
trical or fuel system difficulties. First make the
c hecks listed below to isolate the majority of
engine problems.
If the engine still does not start, or starts but
does not run properly, make the compression
test on this page and the vacuum test On page
25-3.
PRELIMINARY ENGINE TESTS
The following preliminary e ngine tests are
recommended to detect and isol a te possible mal
functions before proceeding with further diag
nosis. These tests are especially important whe n
engine is burning oil, loosing power or runni ng
erratically and when carburetion and ignition ad
justments do not correct the condition.
COMPRESSION TEST
Fig . 2-Checking Spork ot P/uq
Check spark, Figure 2, whenever engine will
not start. If engine will not crank, follow diag
nosing procedure on page 25-4.
The HHIOO Engines are equipped with an in
stamatic EZEE-start compression release cam
shaft. They will be referred to as "EZEE-start"
in Section 20 of this service manual. The EZEE
start feature releases compression pressure
during lower cranking speeds. It is important to
crank the engine at 1000 rpm, or more to obtain
an accurate test. The EZEE-start mechanism is
disengaged when the tachometer reads approxi
mately 650 rpm.
When the engine is operable in the tractor,
check compression as follows.
Remove ignition cable from spark plug and in
stall adaptor or ordinary paper clip. Hold ap
proximately 1/4 inch away from grounded engine
shrouding while cranking the engine.
If there 1s no spark at the adaptor or a weak
spark, the trouble is in the electrical system. If
the battery and spark plug are good and all elec
trical connections are tight, the trouble most
likely is in the breaker points and condenser.
Clean or replace points and adjust gap. If break
er points are burned, replace the condenser also.
If there is good spark between the adaptor and
the grounded surface, the problem is in the fuel
air system. If gas tank is full, check shut-off
valve on sediment bowl and gas lines to carbu
retor to be certain gas is getting to carburetor.
Open carburetor valves as instructed in Section
30, Group 10. Connect high tension wire tospark
plug and crank engine. Choke as necessary. If
engine still does not start, refer to "Diagnosing
Malfunctions" on page 25-4 to check for internal
difficulties.
Litho in U.S.A.
Fig. 3- Testing Engine Compression
Depress clutch-brake pedal and set parking
brake. Be sure oil in crankcase is at proper leve l
and battery is properly Charged.
NOTE: Be sure tractor drives are all disen
gaged. Run engine until warm., then s top the en
gine.
Remove spark plug. Also remove air filter
for most accurate test.
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM- 2059- (Apr-67)
Engine
General Information - Tecumseh
20
25-3
Set throttle and choke valves in wide open po
sition by raising throttle lever all the way and
lowering choke lever.
Install compression gaug~ in cylinder, Figure
3. Follow manufacturer's recommendations for
installing and reading compression tester.
Test Conclusions
An engine in top operating condition will read
60 to 110 psi when engine is cranked approxi
mately 1000 rpm.
A compression test above 110 psi, indic3tes
excessive deposits in the combustion chamber
or on the piston.
A reading lower than 60 psi indicates leakage
a t the cylinder head gasket, piston rings or
valves. Engine should be reconditioned if com
pression falls below 60 psi.
To determine whether the rings or the valves
are at fault, pour about one tablespoonful of
heavy oil into the spark plug hole. Crank the en
gine several revolutions to spread the oil and
repeat the compression test.
The oil will temporarily seal leakage around
the piston rings. If the same approxim3te com
pression reading is obtained, the rings are satis
factory, but the valves are leaking or the piston
is damaged. If the compression has increased
considerably over the original readings, there is
leakage past the rings.
Fig. -I-Checking Crankcase Vacuum
Test Conclusions
Proper crankcase vacuum for the HH 100 En
gine is 7 inches to 12 inches water column.
A crankcase vacuum reading lower than indi
cated above is most likely due to a leaking
breather valve or improperly assembled breath
er. See Group 30 and carefully reassemble
breather parts as shown. A low vacuum reading
may also be caused by leaky valves, engine blow
by or worn oil seals.
If the crankcase is found to be pressurized
rather than having a vacuum, the breather filter
may be plugged.
CRANKCASE VACUUM TEST
The crankshaft breather maintains a partial
vacuum in the crankcase when engine is oper
ating properly.
Connect water U-tube manometer to oil filler
hole in cylinder block, Figure 4. Tester must
hang vertical as shown. Start and run engine at
1200-1700 rpm. Allow engine to warm up and ob
serve reading on scale. Follow manufacturer's
recommendations for installation, testing and
compensation for the effect of altitude on the
gauge reading.
Litho in U.S.A.
Engines with zero vacuum or pressurized
crankcase will likely be pumping oil into the com
bustion chamber or out the breather or oil seals.
This can be detected by watching for excessive
exhaust smoke, engine overheating or oil leakage
outside the engine.
20
25-4
Engine
General Information - Tecumseh
Tractors, Lawn ancl Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059- (Apr- 67)
DIAGNOSING MALFUNCTIONS
ENGINE
Engine lVill Nol Crank
Transaxle not in neutral.
Place shift lever in neutral position.
Battery discharged or defective.
Check battery condition.
Replace battery if necessary.
Neutral-start switch and bracket loose or
not properly adjusted.
Tighten and/or adjust bracket and switch.
PTO drive engaged.
Disengage clutch.
Defective safety switch(es).
R e place switch(es).
Loose motor-generator belt.
Adjust belt tension.
Broken motor-generator sheave.
Replace motor-generator sheave.
Defective solenoid.
Replace solenoid.
Loose electrical connections.
Ti ghten eonnections firmly.
Motor-generator malfunction.
Check condition of motor-generator.
Repair or replace if nec e ssary.
Engine seized.
Che ck engine condition.
J:-'nffine Cranks But Will Nol Start
Empty fuel tank.
Fill fuel tank.
Restricted fuel tank vent.
l1eplace cap or cap gauge assembly.
Fuel shut-off valve closed (valve below fuel
tank).
Open shut-off.
Clogged, restricted 01' air lo ck in fuel line.
Clean and bleed line.
Replace line if necessary.
Litho in U.S.A.
Break e r points worn or pitted.
Check condition.
Replace if necessary.
Spark plug fouled or pitted.
Check condition of plug.
Clean and regap.
Replace if necessary.
Incorrect spark plug.
Install proper spa rk plug.
Battery not fully charged.
Charge battery and check condition.
Replace battery if necessary.
Loose electrical conn e ctions.
Tig hten connections firmly.
Wire leacls not properly e onnected.
Connect wire leads to their respective
tenninal.
High speed and idle mixture neeelies not prop
erly 3djusted.
Adjust carburetor.
Faulty condenser.
Replace condenser.
Defective ignition coil.
Replace coil.
Dirt in fuel system.
Remove fuel system and clean dirt and
water from system.
Install new gaskets.
Install carburetor kit if necessary.
Frayed wire(s) causin g ground(s).
Repair wire(s), replace if necessary.
Valve(s) open (stem sticking in guide).
Free valve.
Clean guide and valve stem if necessary.
Fnf[ine Slayts Hard
Spark plug pitted or foul e d.
Check condition of plug.
Clean and regap.
Heplace if neCeSS31"y.
-
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059- (Apr-67)
Breaker pOints worn, pitted or out of adjust
ment.
Check breaker points condition.
Clean and regap.
Replace breaker points if necessary.
High tensi on wire shorted.
Repl::\ce wire.
High tension wire loose at spark plug or coil.
Check spark plug connection and install
wire properly in coil.
Loose electrical connections.
Check connections and tighten leads firmly.
Restricted fuel tank vent.
Replace filler cap or cap gauge assembly.
C10ggeel fue 1 1ine or a ir lock.
Clean and bleed line.
Replace lin e if necessary.
Engine
General Information - Tecumseh
20
25-5
Valve(s) open (ste m sticking in guide).
Free valve.
Clean valve stem and guide ifnec es sary.
Engine 81 avls Bul Fails 10 Keep
Hllmlin,~
Restricted fuel t a nk vent.
R ep la ce fuel CflP or cap gauge assembly.
High speee! a nd idle mixture needles not prop
erl y adjusted.
Aeljust neeelies properly.
Broken choke Cd ble.
Replac e and adjust cable properly.
Dirt or welter in fuel system.
Hemove fuel system and c lean dirt ancl
water from system.
Install new gaskets.
Install carburetor kit if necessary.
Broken choke cable.
Eepla ce aml adjust cable properly.
Carburetor float not pr operly adjusted or
leaky flo at.
Check float condition, adjust float.
Install new float anel adjust if necessary.
Throttle cable not properly adjusted.
Check cable at control and governor as
sembly anel adjust properly.
High tension wire loose at spark plug or coil.
Check spark plug connection and install
wire properly in coil.
Dirt or water in fuel system.
Remove fuel system and clean dirt Jnd
water from system.
Install new gaskets.
Install ca rburetol' kit if necessary.
High tenSion wire shorteel.
Replac e wire.
High speee! and ielle mixture neeeli es not prop
erly adjusted.
Adjust needl es properly.
Wrong valve clearance.
Check :lI1el adjust valve cle:uance.
B ad head gasket.
Repl ac e gaske t and torque cy linder head
properly.
Restricted exhaust system.
Check exhaust system c ondition.
Replace muffler if necessary.
Low compression.
Check compression and service e llgin e ac
cordingly.
Litho in U.S.A.
Breaker pOints not properly adjusted.
Cle:lI1 cll1d regap.
Replace breaker points if ne cessa ry,
Loose connections.
Check a nd tight e n wires properly.
Defective head gasket.
Replace heacl gasket and t orque cylinder
head properly.
Faulty condenser.
Check condenser.
Repl3ce if necessary.
Ex ces s i ve engine 10:ld (lugg'ing engine).
Re duce eng ine load.
1:'7Zgine {luns Bill ,\1isses
High tension wire loose from spark plug or
coil.
Check spark plu!S connection and install
wire properly in coil.
20
25-6
Engine
General Information - Tecumseh
Engine Runs But iHisses-Continued
Breaker points out of adjustment or worn and
pitted.
Clean and adjust.
Replace points if necessary.
Spark plug fouled or pitted, incorrect gap.
Clean and regap plug.
Replace plug if necessary.
Incorrect spark plug.
Install proper plug.
Loose electrical connections.
Tighten connections .
Carburetor float not properly adjusted or hole
in float.
Check condition of float.
Adjust float to proper position.
Replace leaky float.
Dirt or water in fuel system.
Remove fuel system and clean dirt and
water from system.
Install new gaskets.
Install carburetor kit if necessary.
Wrong valve clearance.
Check valve clearance and valve condition.
Repair valve as necessary.
Faulty coil.
Check coil condition.
Replace coil if necessary.
Engine Misses Under Load
High speed and idle mixture needles not
properly adjusted.
Adjust needles.
Spa rk plug fouled or pitted, incorrect gap.
Check spark plug condition.
Clean and regap.
Replace spark plug if necessary.
Incorrect spark plug.
Install proper spark plug.
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059-(Apr-67)
Breaker points out of adjustment or worn and
pitted.
Clean and adjust.
Replace points if necessary.
Ignition out of time.
Set engine timing.
Dirt or water in fuel system.
Remove fuel system and clean dirt and
water from system.
Install new gaskets.
Install carburetor kit if necessary.
Old fuel.
Drain system and fill fuel tank with fresh
fuel.
Linkage misaligned (throttle arm to governor
arm).
Straighten linkage to prevent binding.
Engine Will Not Idle
Idle speed too low.
Adjust idle screw.
High speed and idle mixture needles not prop
erly adjusted.
Adjust needles properly.
Dirt or water in fuel system.
Remove fuel system and clean dirt and
water from system.
Install new gaskets.
Install carburetor kit if necessary.
Restricted fuel tank.
Replace filler cap or cap gauge assembly .
Spark plug fouled or pitted, incorrect gap.
Check spark plug condition.
Clean and regap.
Replace spark plug if necessary.
Wrong valve clearance.
Check valve clearance and valve condition.
Service valve(s) as necessary.
Low engine compression.
Check compression.
Engine Misses I-!-'hen Adv ancing Throllle
Cold engine.
Choke engine before advancing throttle.
Litho in U.S.A.
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 andl12
SM- 2059- (Apr- 67)
High speed and idle mixture needles not prop
erly adjusted.
Adjust needles.
Spark plug fouled or pitted, incorrect gap.
Check spark plug condition.
Clean and regap.
Heplace spark plug if necessary.
Linkage misaligned (throttle arm to gover
nor).
Straighten linkage to prevent binding.
!~Il!-,rine
Engine
Gen e r a l Information - Tecumseh
20
25-7
Low engine compression.
Check <.;ompression.
Repair and replace parts as necessary.
Torque head bolts.
Worn cy linder bore.
Check cylinde r condition.
Repair as necessary.
Engine Ol'evfients
Dirty or plugged shrouding and engine fins.
Remove shrouding and c lean engine fins
and shrouding.
Looses POI-ocr
Crankcase low on oil.
Fill crankcase to proper level.
Cbange oil if tractor has been operated 8
hours since last oil change.
Engine shrouding plugged.
Remove shrouding and clean engine fins
and inside of shrouding.
Excessive engine load.
Heduce engine load by shifting transmis
sion in lower gear aneVor by moving vari
able speed control lever back.
Restricted air filter.
Clean ancl check air filter element condi
tion.
Replace filter if necessary.
Dirt or water in fuel system.
Remove fuel system and clean dirt and
water from system.
Install new gaskets.
Install carburetor kit if necessary.
High speed and idle mixture needles not prop
erly adjusted .
Adjust needles properly.
Spark plug fouled or pitted, incorrect gap.
Check spark plug condition.
Clean :-Ind regap.
Replace spark plug if necessary.
Too much oil in crankcase.
Drain oil and refill crankcase with proper
amount of crankcase lubricant.
Litho in U.S .A.
High speed and idle mixture needles not prop
erly adjusted.
Adjust needles properly.
Too much oil in crankcase.
Drain oil and fill crankcase with proper
amount of crankcase lubricant.
Worn valve stem and/ or guides.
Check condition of valve stems and guides.
Heplace valves and guides if necessary.
Crankcase low on oil.
Fill crankcase to proper level.
Change 011 if tractor has been operated 8
hours since last oil change.
Excessive engine loael.
Heduce work load by shifting transmission
In lower gear and/ or by moving variable
speed control lever back.
Faulty breather causing low crankcase vac
uum.
Clec1n breather assembly.
Heplace parts as necessary.
Enf[inc Knocks
Engine out of time.
Time ignition.
Old fuel.
Drain fuel tank and refill with good grade
of regular gasoline.
Excessive engine load.
[{educe engine load by shifting transmis
sion in lower gear and/ or by moving vari
able-speed control lever back.
20
25 - 8
Engine
General Information - Tecumseh
Engi11e Knocks-ConLinued
Cra nkcase low on oil.
Fill crankcase to proper level.
Change oil if tractor has been operated 8
hours since last oil change.
E ngine Backfires
High speed and idle mixture needles not prop
erly adjusted.
Adjust needles properly.
Loose cylinder head or blown head gasket.
Torque head bolts.
Replace head gasket if necessary.
Intake valve sticking in g uide.
Free valve stem in guide.
Ignition out of time.
Set engine timing.
E ngine Low on Power at High SPee d
Restricted air filter.
Clean and check air filter element condi
tion.
Repbce filter if necessary.
Spark plup; fouled or pitted, incorrect gap.
Check spark plug condition.
Clean and regap.
Replace spark plug if necessary.
Incorrect spark plug .
Install correct plug.
Restricted exhaust.
Repair and clean muffler.
Repl ac muffler if necessary.
Breaker points out of adjustment, worn and
pitted.
Clean and adjust.
Replace points if necessary.
Clogged fuel line or air lock.
Clean and bleed air from fuel line.
Replace fuel line if necessary.
Tractors, Lawn a nd Ga rde n - 110 and 11 2
S M-2 0 59- (Apr- 57 )
De fective ignition coil.
Che ck co il.
Rep l a c e co il if ne ces s ary.
Enf5ine Does N ot Mai ntain
(surges)
ons tant SPee d
High spp('d and idle P1ixture neeellE'.-. not prop
erly adjusted.
Adjus t needles prope rly.
Spark pl ug g ap incorr ec t.
Check s park pl ug condition.
Cl e an and r egap s pa rk plug.
Install new s p a rk plug if ne c essary.
Throttle to governor linkage not properly
sembled.
Assemble linkage correctly.
;1·C; .
Breaker points out of adjustment, worn or
pitted.
Clean and adjust.
Replace points if necessa r y.
Dirt or water in fuel system.
Remove fuel system and cl e an dirt and
water from sys tem.
Install ne w ga s k e ts.
Install carbu r etor kit if necessary.
Engine Uses Exc es sine Amounl of Oil
Clogged breather a sse mbly.
Clean br ea ther a ss e mbl y.
Replace parts as nec e s sary.
Br ea ther not a s se mbled properl y .
Assemble breather pr operly.
Worn or broken piston r ings.
Install new rings.
Worn cylinder b ore .
Recondition cylinder.
Replace parts as necessary.
Clogge d oil holes in piston.
C l ea n piston and check piston condition.
Install new parts as n cessa r y.
Broken choke cable.
Replace cable and adjust choke valve to
correspond with control on panel.
Wr ong size piston ri ngs .
Install proper r ings.
Clogged breather assembly.
Clean breather a ssembly.
Install new parts as n e cessa ry.
Wor n v a lve ste m s a nd/ or val ve guide s .
Che c k condition of val ve ste m s a nd guid s .
Re p lace va l ves and g uides if nc ~c es s ar y .
Litho in U.S.A.
Engin e
Genera l Inf o r m ation - Tecumse h
Tra c t o rs, Lawn and Garelen - 110 an d 112
SM- 2059- (Apr-57)
In co rre ct oil v iscos ity.
Drain c r ankcase and fill with cl'a nkcas e
oil of pr oper viscosity.
Faulty br ea ther causing low c r ankcase
V~IC
UUl11.
Chec k cra nkcase vac uum.
Replace p ads as necessary.
l:-'''J[i ne nllns f:'Yralic
Dirt 0 1' water in fuel system .
Rem ove fuel sys tem anel c lean dirt and
water fr om system .
Install new g'as kets.
Install new ca rbur etor kit if ne cess,uy .
High sp eC'd and idl e mixtur e needles not prop
er ly adjusted.
Adjust need le s properly.
Idl e speed t oo low.
Turn idle screw until p r oper iell e, rpm is
obLl ine d.
Spar k p l ug f ou l e d or pitte c! , in corr ct gap.
Ch c k sp:H'k plu g condition.
Cl e an and re g:lp.
Repla ce spark p l u~ if n ' C'ssa ry,
l ,i tho in U . S. A.
Poor compression.
Check compress io n.
nepair a nd repl;lcc parts
~IS
20
25 - 9
nec es sary .
F ~1Ulty breathe l' ('.a using low cra nk('ase vac
uum.
Che ck cra nkcase vacuum.
R epl ace p :-u ts ~IS nc('essary.
C:lrbul'etor le akin g at gas kets or at co nn ec
ti on .
Insta ll new g':CIskct(s) ancVor tig ht en con
nec ti on ,
Hes tri c t ecl fue l t ank ven t.
Repla ce fill er cap or cap g::lUgC asse mbly.
Throttl e to gover nor link age mi sassc m blccl.
Assembl e a nd ad just linka ge p rope rl y.
Casoline in (' rrrlllcc(lse
Carbu r e to r fl oat not p rop e rl y a djus t ed or
le:lkin g .
Chec k condi ti o n of nO ~lt.
Adjust or replacL' fl oa t if nCCt'ssary ,
Faulty flO ;lt \ ':d I ' C' or sc:\t.
Cht' ck co ncliti o n of n cil e a nc! s ea t.
Install carilu r e to r kit if ne cessa r y. See
.Yo hn U(' <,' CC Llw n ane! G;lrc!c n Serv ice
Dullet'i n·"u. 67- 3.
20
25-10
Engine
General Information - 110 and 112
Litho in U.S.A.
Tractors, Lawn a nd Gar den - 110 and 11 2
SM-2059- (Apr-57)
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059-(Apr-67)
Engine
Cylinder Head and Valves - Tecumseh
20
30-1
Group 30
CYLINDER HEAD, VALVES AND BREATHER
TECUMSEH ENGINE FOR 112 TRACTOR
GENERAL INFORMATION
Lj
C Val ve Face An gle (45°)
D. Valve Margin (1 / 16 · inch)
E. Valve Harrowing Angle (31°)
Fig. 16-Vafve Seal and Surfa c e Dimension S
(ig . 14-Mea s uri"g Valve Guide
Fig . 15-Measuring Valve Slem
.1':l \ ( SLAT
Use valve guide cleaner to clean inside of
valve gui.de . Then measure T.D. of valve guide,
Figure 14, and O.D. of valve stem, Figure 15.
Refer to "Specifications," page 30-11, for toler
ances. Ream guides as n e cessa;y.
'.L TT, R
Vall'e Seats
A broken or worn exhaust valve seat (insert)
may be replaced. See page 30-8. They are either
stellite or molychrome nickel. Th e intake valve
s eat is machined into the cylinde r block.
Th e valve seating, surface "A, I I Figure 16,
should be held as close to 3/ 64 inch as possible.
Scats with more than 1/ 16-inch seating surface
0
should be narrowed (cut back) with a 31 cutter,
!fE, T' Figure 16.
M
'56"
F ig . 17-Vafve Seal Culler
This valve seat cutter will cut a 46° valve
seat and narrow the seat to 31°. See "Special
Tools," page 30-12, for tool number and manu
facturer.
When rec onditioning valves. be sure there is
no more than 1/ 16-inch and no less than 1/ 64
inch margin liD" on the valve.
Litho in U. S. A.
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059-(Apr-67)
HIGHT
Engine
Cylinder Head and Valves - Tecums e h
20
30-7
Lift valve from seat eve ry eight or ten strokes
to keep compound equalized on surface of valve
seat. Continue val ve lapping operation until a
uniform lapping ring appea r S around enti re su r
face of valve face. When a good surface is attain
ed, wash all parts with s olvent to remove all
tra ces of lapping compound. Dry parts thor
oughly.
Note position of valve seat marked on valve
face. Th e lapping mark made by the seat after
lapping should appear on or near the center of
the va 1ve face.
REAMING VALVE GUTDES
/'rf .'. ,;~; 9
Fig. 18-Yalve and Seal Relationship
If valve guid e clearance exceeds maximum
tolerance, ream the guid e .
When matching valves to seats, be sur e valve
seat is very nearly centered on the valve face.
The pOSition of the valve in the seat is clearly
evident a fter lapping th e valve, Figur e 18.
\ 'ah'e Lapping
• f.( U
TI
I
I
Fig. 20 - Reoming Valve Guides
Fig. 19-Lapping Yo/ ve·s
Coat fac e of valve sparingly with a fin grade
of valve grinding compound. Us e a vacuu m cup
tool, Figure 19, to grip top of valve. Rotate
valve in an oscillating circular motion on valve
seat.
Litho in U.S.A.
Use an adjustahl e ream el', Figure 20, when
en larging valve guides to oversize diamet e r.
Se e "Specification s ," page 30-11 for valve guide
oversize dimensions. Se e ' 'Special Tools" p3 p;e
30-12, for a n adjustable r e amer to enlar ge va lve
g;uides.
CAUTION: Do not enlarge lifter guides, be
cause lifters with oversize stems are notavall
able.
20
Engine
30-8 Cylinder Head and Valves - Tecumseh
REMOVING AND INSTALLING EXHAUST
VALVE SEAT INSERT
Tractors. Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059-(Apr-67)
CHECKING VALVE CLEARANC E
M 5S70
Fig. 21 - Re mov ing Exhaust Valve Scot Insert
To remove exhaust valve seat insert, use
extractor, Figure 21, or a valve seat puller.
Clean seat area thoroughly before installing new
ins e rt. If extractor is not available, break insert
and drive out.
The exhaust valve insert is retained by a press
fit only. Chill both the insert and driving tool
in dry ice before pressing insert into block.
F i g. 22-Check ing Valve Clea ronce
Valve grinding changes the lifter and valve
clearance. After grinding or installing new
valves, check clearance as follows:
1. Rotate crankshaft until piston is top dead
center (end of compression stroke) and crank
shaft keyway is at exactly 12 o'clock (top) pos i
tion. If breaker pOints are properly adjusted,
they will be open at this time. It is important
that this procedure be followed to insure that the
exhaust lifter is NOT riding on the EZEE-start
mechanism.
2. Insert valves in their guides and hold valves
firmly on seats.
3. Check clearance between bottom of each
valve stem and its lifter with a feeler gauge,
Figure 22. Refer to "Specifications," page 30-11,
for proper valve clearance . Grind off tip of
valve stem in a valve resurfacing machine set
to grind a perfectly square face. Grind tip of
stem until proper clearance is obtained.
Litho in U.S . A.
Engine
Cylinder Head and Valves - Tecumseh
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059-{Apr-67)
20
30-9
INSTALLATION
INSTALLING VALVE SPRINGS, RETAINERS
AND KEEPER PINS
INSTALLING CYLINDER HEAD
Always install a new head gasket when head
has b ee n removed for service. This will assure
a gas tight fit.
Fig. 23-lnstal/ing Valve Springs, Reta iners
and Keeper Pins
Place valve spring and retainer in valve spring
chamber. Install valves in guides working them
back and forth to make sure they slip through
the guides easily. Using a spring compressor,
compress the springs and install keeper pins in
hole of stem, Figure 23.
TNSTALLING BREATHER
M fl'l
Fig. 24-Breather Ports
Tnstall rubber breather tube on breather as
sembly. Install breather assembly on cylinder
block with drain holes toward the base of the
engine. Always use a new gasket. Tighten retain
ing screws firmly.
Litho in U.S.A.
Fig. 25-Cyli n der Head Bolt Tightening Sequence
It is important to tighten all cylinder head
bolts with an even pressure and in their correct
order, Figure 25 , so that uneven stresses will
not set up in cylinder wall . Refer to "Specifi
cations,' I page 30-11, for proper cylinder head
bolt torque.
20
30-10
Engine
Cylinder Head and Valves - Tecumseh
Tractors , Lawn and Garde n - 110 and 11 2
SM-2059-(Apr-67)
---------------------------------------------------
INSTALLING CARBURETOR
INSTALLING HYDRA ULIC LIFT ASS MBLY
Fig. 26-Carburetor Assembly (Air Filter Base
Remov ed lor Clarity)
Connect throttle link in holes on governor
arm and throttle shaft arm. Using a npw gasket,
mount carburetor on engine block and tight en
nut s firmly. Install g'overnor spring and control
1 ve l'. Tighten control l e ver pivot screw firmly.
Place governor spring in proper hole on gov
ernor plate, Figure 26. Install cables and secure
conduits in clamps. Check controls for' correct
travel. I.-'Pande y behind ihe
s e cond compression ring as shown, F if{Ure 31.
0.01 0 and O.020-inch oversize ring sets have the
wide expandey behind the oi l ring as s hown,
i~l?"e 31. Whe n installing the rinKS, note th e
marks on the first and second rillgindic aling the
lop of the rin,!?
Lith o in U.S.A,
Coat piston, rod bearing surfa ce and rin g
generously with light oil and insert complete
assembly into cylinder bore using ring compr e s
SOl', Figure 33.
NOTE: Be sure match mar/os on connecting
yod and yod cap ar align d and fa ce 0711 of the
cylinder toward the P TO e nd of c ra n /?s h(jft.
Trac t ors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM -2059-(Apr -67)
En gi n e
Piston, C r a nkshaft and F lyw hee l - T ecumseh
20
35-15
ATT ACHING ROD TO CRANKSHAFT
F ig.
F ig . 34- T orquing C onn ecti ng R od L ock N uts
35 -
Timing Ma rk s an C ranks haft ond Cam s h aft
INST AL LING CYLINDER COVER
1M POR TANT: Ins ta ll new lock nuts on con
necting rod bolts .
Refer t o "Specifications," page 35 - 18, f o r
connecting r od lock nut torque and t orqu e nuts
accordingly, Figure 34.
CAUTION: Use a thin wall socket to tighten
connecting rod lock nuts. Using the wrong tool s
to tighten cap will cause misalignment of bear
Ing cap and bearing damage.
After initia l t orqu e, us e a drift and a ham m e r
(13 oz.) and strike the rod bearing cap above
each lock nut. This will seat the cap re l eas ing
some torqu e on th e lock nuts. Retorque lock
nu ts t o specifications .
INST ALLTNG TAPPETS AND CAMSHAFT
Install lifters in guides . It i s good practice t o
reinstall lifter in sam e guide fro m which it was
r emove d .
Install camshaft. Match chamfered g e ar tooth
on crankshaft ge ar with mark and hobbing· hole
on camshaft gear, Figure 35. Install gov ern o r
spool on gov e rnor gear shaft.
L itho in U.S. A.
Fig. 36-ln stoll in g Cylinder Co ver
Apply oil to crankshaft and ca mshaft bea r
in gs. Install new cylinder cove r gas ke t on cy lin
d er block. Us e dowels in cyl ind er block to keep
gask e t position ed . Remove breaker po ints and
push rod or remov e box cover a nd hold breaker
points open. Move breaker po int push r od t owa rd
points to prevent damage t o pus h r od when cy lin
der c over is installed. Tu rn gov e rnor rod clock
wise (facing end of shaft) a nd install cylinder
cover, Figure 36. Refer to " T orque Chart."
in Sec tion 10 for cylinder cove r bolt t orque and
tighten bolts acc ordingly.
20
35-16
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 11 2
SM -2059-(Apr-67)
Engine
Piston, Crankshaft and Flywheel - T ecu mseh
CHECKING CRANKSHAFT END CLEAn ANCE
Aft e r determining th e gap betw ee n the cover
and the machin ed s u rfa c e on cylinder bl ock, d e
termine the s him thickn ess as f ollows t o obtain
the required 0.002-0.003-inch c r anks haft e nd
pl ay.
0.003-inch-clearanc e between cove r and cyl
inder .
+0.003 -1 nc h-required end play.
0.006-inch-shim thickness r equi} 'c'd.
+ O.003-inch-add half of shim thickness
.l . '
quired to compensate for gasket COrtllJl"l', ;SiOll
\1
u·
Invert engine, Figure 37. PTO end of crank
shaft must extend freely.
0.009-inch-use shim gaskets that total this
amount. In this case, uSingtw oO .004 toO .005
inch thi c k gaskets would allow correct crank
shaft end play.
Turn the crankshaft until the piston is at
T.D.C. Tighten bearing retainer screws lightly
and tap the flywhe e l end of the crankshaft lightly
with a mallet t o seat bearing.
Secure h ar ing retainer with three cap sc rews
with lock washers. Refer to "Specifications,"
page 35-18, for correct torque and torqu e screws
accordingly.
.
Fig . ]7 -Scaling PTO Bear ing
INST A LLlNG SE A LS
klH I Lf.:
nL A.P t 'I s )
Fig . 38-CI",cking Gap Be/ween Cylinder Block and
Retainer
M 618 7
Remove three screws from bearing retainer.
Ins e rt a feeler gauge between the bearing retain
er and machined surface of cylinder block, Fig
ure 38, and record the reading. If space does not
exist between the retainer and the machined
gasket surface to allow insertion of the f ee ler
gauge, use a 0.010-inch steel spacer. Place
steel spacer between bearing cup and inside
surface of the retainer. More than one may be
us ed if required.
Litho in U.S.A.
Fig . 39-l ns /alling S eals
Install oil seal with lip facing inward. Use oil
seal sleeve tool to prevent seal damage. Tap seal
in place with a piece of tubing. Seal must be
square in seal bor e ;illd pressed in to a distance
of flush or 0.025 inch beyond flush of cylinder
cover and bearing r etain e r exterior, Figure 39.
Install blower housing baffle. Se e "Torque
Chart" in Section 10 and ti ghten baffle bolts
accordingly.
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059-(Apr-67)
Engine
Piston , Crankshaft and Flywbeel - Tecumseh
20
35-17
-------
INSTALLING FLYWHEEL
INST AL LING EXTE RNAL C MPONE NTS
!l
Fig. 40- Torquing Flywh(·cI Nut
Place key in crankshaft keyway. Install fly
wheel washer and nut. Us", flywheel tool to hold
flywh ee l from rotating while torquing nut, Figure
40. Ref er to "SpecificaLons," pagl.' 35-18, for
flywheel nut torque and torque nut accordingly.
Fig. 42-jl·.·.,~,flbling Carburetor, Coil and Condenser
Install coil, condenser, and all external com
ponents, Figure 42. Attach wires to their re
spective terminals.
INST ALLING SHROUDING
B e s u re breaker point push rod is in place
and was not damaged during cylinder cover in
stallation. Also inspect, clean and adjust br eaker
points if necessary. See Se ction 40.
Refer to Group 40 for proper carburetor
and g'overnor assembly and adjustment.
~.......;;...!.....
l/ .
L~r
·.
>
l, .
il
t :. ( •
•.
• 1 flU
Fig. 41-lnstalling Engine Shrouding
Install blower housing, cylinder baffle, head
baffle and motor-generator brackets. Bolt sheave
and screen to flywheel. Tighten screws firmly.
Install motor-generator drive belt and belt
guard. Refer to Section 40 for proper belt ten
sion.
Note position of 3/16 x 3/8-inch cap screw.
L itho i n U.S.A.
20
35-18
Engine
Piston, Crankshaft and Flywheel - T e cums eh
Tractors, Lawn and Gard e n - 110 and 112
SM-2059- (Apr-67)
SPECIFICAT IONS
HH100 TECUMSEH ENGINE
Item
New Part Dimen sio n
Wear Tolerance
Crankshaft pin size
1.3750 to 1.3755 inches
1.3720 inch e s or 0.003
inch out of round
Piston pin diameter
0.6873 to 0.6875 inch
Piston diameter
3.304
Cylinde r bore
3.3120 to 3.3130 inches
to 3.305
inches
Connecting rod large end
3.3080 inch es
1.3760 inches
Width compression ring groove
0.0950 to 0.0960 inch
Width oil ring groove
0.1880 to 0.1900 inch
Side cl ea rance ring groove
0.0020 to 0.0035 inch
Top piston land clearanc e
0.0305 to 0. 0335 inch
TORQUE FOR HARDWARE
TABLE OF ENGINE CLEARANCES
Location
T a'que
Item
Clearance
Conn ec ting rod lock nuts
86-110 in-lbs
Crankshaft end clearance
0.002 to 0.003 inch
Bearing retainer
65-110 in-lbs
Piston skirt clearance
0.006 to 0.008 inch
Flywheel nut
53 ft-lbs
Piston ring end gap
0.010 to 0.020 inch
Miscellaneous hardware
Ref e r to "Torque
Chart, " Section 10
Litho in U.S. A.
Tr a ctors, Lawn and Ga r den - 110 and 112
M -2059-(Apr-67)
Engine
Pi s toll, C ranks haft and Flywlw c l - T e cu ms e h
20
35-19
SPE C I AL TOO L S
N o me
P ar t No.
Usc
Flywhee l P uller
T e c u mse h N o , 25 183
T o r e mov · fl yw h ('e l .
Fl yw hee l Tool
T e c ums e h No . 21 637
T o ho ld fly w l!ef'l s tati ona r y
Piston 11in g EX1Jand c r
T ecum se h No. 670 11 7
Tc
r~!l l
a nd ins ta ll n e w ri n gs
v
on I)i s t oll
vc
Oil S CJ. l S l
T
C1.111 15(: 11
No. 670 190
va l d u r i n!!, i n.' ta ll a ti oll
T o pl' oh d
Mi c r o m et e r, I- i n c h
Sta rr ptt 23 01.1 L
Ch f' ck p i s ton pin dia mc t e r
Micr o met er , 2 - incl1
s ta rrdt 2RL
C I1f' ck cra n kpin ciiam ete r
IVIic rom e t r , 4 -in c h
Star rett 4 3 6X L
C h e c k [ i t on li am t e r
,'ta lT ett S"' 7 9H
Check cy li nd r h
F 'e l e r Ga u g e
UT C 8eO A
C h ' c k C' l1d c l aran c ('s
Cy lind e r Hon ·
AI\IMC O 500
Deg-h;: il1 g a nd b or in g e n g i nc bl o c k
Ring Groove C l e a np l'
OTC 84 6
C l c:an pis to n g l'oove s
Tns id e T' lcscopinp;
5/16- 6 -in c h
a u p;e,
1o'il e Stu n e for A 1M C O 50 0 C 1
J
Al\-1 MC
62 1
)H'
Fini s l l cu t
i.nde r Heme
illi ~ hi l1[c'
,sto n e [ o r A:v1 M CU 50 0
AMMC O 3 33
F' i ni::; 11
~lIl ct
ci t
g;l a z ill ~
cu t
y lind e r H Oll e>
.Medi um S to lle f or AJ'vl M CO 500
C y li ndf' 1' HO Il<'
St oll e for ,\ IVIMC O 500
C y ii Jldc l' HUll<'
CO:l I' S i '
P islol1
r. ill l":
B 3. l\d H:l ndle
Pi ::> t on Hi nt:?; COfll pr
R idg!:' TIe :lI 11el'
r ,i t h o
in
t ."
'sor
'I ;\'1C 0 6 20
/\:-vI ~1 C O
f)19
Sf' m i-fini. h
f"O l"
li t
rll u g lli r g cy li nde r (prinl 31'Y
II t)
KD 85 0
T i f;ht e n pisto n rin g c a mp I' SSo r
KD 85 0- )- 1
T n c o mp l'
AMM C O :vlocl 1 210 0
To r .: movr: l'id [!:!: at t op of cy l
in ('I' bo re
'S .
pi. tO ll ring '
20
35-20
Engin e
Piston, Crankshaft and Flywheel - Tecumseh
Litho in U.S . A.
Tractors, Lawn and Garde n - 110 and 112
SM-2059-(Apr-67}
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059- (Apr-67)
Engine
20
Camshaft, Tappets and Governor - Tecumseh 40-1
Group 40
CAMSHAFT, TAPPETS AND GOVERNOR
TECUMSEH ENGINE FOR 112 TRACTOR
GENERAL INFORMAT ION
Fig.
l-A,sembled
View 01 Camsha(f, Tappefs and Governor
The camshaft driven governor maintains
constant engine speed under varying loads and
serves a s a top speed limiting device.
Lith o in U. S. A .
The Insta-Matic EZEE-Start Compr es sion
Release Camshaft is explained in detail on the
next page.
20
40-2
Engine
Camshaft, Tappets and Governor - Tecums e h
Tra c tors, L aw n and Ga rde n - 110 and 11 2
SM- 2059- (Apr- 67)
T he EZEE-Start me chanism cons ists of a
sliding pin loc at ed in a hole drilled through the
camshaft near the exhaust c a m. When the eng ine
is not operating, this pin p r otrud s ab ve the
cam aga ins t t he ex ha ust va l ve lift .r to hold the
VJ Iv
s ig htly op e n. Afte r th ' e ngIne starts , a
c ntr lfu a lly , c tiva t d y ok f::' ret racts the pin s o
that it no lo nge r be;:lrs 8gains t the va lv e l Ute r
whe n the valv :' is full y c lose d. T hus , full c om
p re ssion and full power a rc insta ntly re - esta b
lis hed through all rpm ranges.
Fig. 2-lnsta.Matic EZEE·Starr Cam s haft
Tecumseh HB 100 Engines used in 112 Tra c
to r s (
-100,000) have the Insta-Matic
EZ EE-Start Camshaft, Figure 2.
T he mechanical device holds the ex haust va lv C'
open momentarily while the piston is on thf' om
pression stroke. The refore, much l ess effort is
needed to spin the engine at the required rpm for
starting. This feature is es pecially va luable
during cold weather starting.
All short blocks are equipped with E Z EE
S 8rt Camshafts.
Hf'o l ",
F ig. 3- ElEE·Sl ur' Op era tion
L itho in U. S.A.
Tractors, L a wn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059-(Apr-67)
20
Engine
Cams haft, Tappets and Governor - Tecums e h 40-3
--------~~--~-------------------------
RE PA IR
REMOVING CA MSHAFT AND TAP PE TS
Fig. 5 -Engine with Companenls Removed (o r
Camshafl Servicing
Re move e ngine and all component parts (ex
cluding connecting rod and piston assembly and
crankshaft), Figure 5. Ref e r to Groups 30 ancl35
for detailed disassembly.
.1\-1 6/yfj
1 - Governor Spring
2 - Spring Plate
3 - 3/ 16 " x 1/ 2" Machine Screw
4 - 3/ 16" x 7/8" Machine Screw
5 - Internal Tooth Washer
6 -
Governor L e ver
Turn
T.D.C.
tappets .
will be
sembly.
the c rankshaft until the piston is at
Remove governor spool, camshaft and
Mark tappets "EX" and" IN" so they
installed in same guide during reas
REMOVING GOVERNOR GEAR
7 - Clamp
8 - link
9 - Retaining Ring
10 - Hex . Nut
11 - Rod Spacer
12 - Governor Rod
13 - Governor Spool
14 - Retaining Ring
15 - Gove-rnor Gear
16 - Governor Shaft
17 - Valve lifter (2 used)
18 - Com Yoke
19 - Spring
20 - Yoke Rivet (3 u", d)
21 - Compression Release Camshaft Assembly
22 - Replaceable Bearing (
-5644)
23 - Cyl inder Cover
Fig. "-Exploded Vi e w o( Comsha(' and Go ycrn ar
Fig. 6-Removin g Relaining Ring and G o vern o r GeQr
A 5 ~ crn b ly
He m ove the r e taining ring and the gove rnor
g' a r, Figur e 6.
L ith o in U.S. A.
20
40-4
Engine
Camshaft, Tappets and Gove rnor - T ecumseh
Tr acto rs, Lawn a nd Garden - 11 0 and 112
SM-20 59 -(Ap r -6 7)
INSPE CT ING GOVERN OR GEAR
REMOVING GOVERNOR ROD
.'U " "
Fig. 9 -Governor Gear A " c mbly
Fig . 7-Govcrnor Rod
Loosen governor arm clamp screw and re
move governor lever assembly. Remove paint
from governor rod. Remove retaining ring and
governor r od with lever, Figure 7.
The over nor gear as s e mbly will not nor ma lly
show much wea r. Be sure weights op e rate fr e ly
and that g ea rs aRd te e th ar e in good con dition.
Heplace gove rnor gear assembly if necessary.
Check hol e in close d e nd of spool, Figu re 9.
The hol e is for lubri ca tion and must be k e pt
open and clean.
INSPECTING CAMSHAFT
Wash governor parts in a safe cleaning solvent
and wipe par ts dry.
I
.,•• ,
~ ~
INSPECTING GOVERNOR SHAFT
The governor shaft is r ep laceable. If shaft
sho ws excessive wea r or damage, repla ce shaft.
Remove the gove rn or s haft by thr e:l ding th e
shaft with a 1/4-28 die. Place a spacer or num
ber of washers on the shaft and turn on a nut.
By tight e ning the nut against the wa s hers, the
shaft will be puU-,cl j: rom the cy linder.
GOVERN8R Hon
"
J 11111
l . .
Fig . B-Comshof, Assembly
Check camshaft for cracked, worn or broken
gear teeth.
Check operation of camshaft weights, making
sure all parts are intact and operate freely.
Check camshaft bearings and lobes with a
micrometer. Refer to "Spe c ifications," page
40-7, for toler ance s.
The breaker cam normally does not show any
wear ; therefore, the cam should never require
repla c ing.
Litho in U.S.A.
Fig. TO-Governor Rod Assembl y
Check lever on governor rod. Lever must b e
tight on governor rod for best governor control
of engine. Replace assembly if wear is notice
able.
Tra c tors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059- (Apr-67)
Engine
Camshaft, T app2 ts and Governor - Tecumseh
20
40 -5
INSTALL AT ION
INSTALLING GOVERNOR SHAFT
IN STALLING GOVERNOR GEAR AND SPOOL
Fig. 12-lnsta/ling Governor Gear A ssembly
Fig. II-Installing Governor Shoft
Install governor gear assembly on governor
shaft a nd install retaining ring, Figure 12.
Position the governor gear shaft over the
opening in the cylinder block and tap lightly
with a hammer to start shaft. Place block on
press bed and press shaft into the cylinder block
until 1 in c h of the shaft protrudes from the ma
chined surface to the top of the governor shaft,
Figur e 11.
f'
L"
II'J( ;.>
L
REPLACING GOVERNOR ROD BEARING
Th e cylinder cover used in the engine for 112
Tra c tors (
-5644) has a bearing for the gov
ernor roel (22, Figure 4). This bearing can be
replaced when excessive waar is noticed.
The cylinder cover used in the engine for 112
Tractors (5645) does not have a replace
a ble bearing in the governor rod hole. However,
the surface will normally not show much wear.
Litho in U.S.A.
Fig. 13 - Governor Spool
011 governor gear shaft and place governor
spool On shaft, Figure 13. NOTE: Hole in end of
spool must be opened and spool must opeYale
freely on goz'ernor shaft.
20
40-6
Engine
Camsh."lft, T appets and Go verno r - T ec umse h
INSTALLING BREAKER CAM ON CAMSHAFT
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 11 2
SM- 2059- (Apr-67)
INSTALLING G OV E R NOR HOD AND LEVER
F ;9. 16-ln s ta!fing Governo r R od
Fig. 14-Breaker Cam Po si ,ian
Install breaker cam with notch toward ca m
shaft gear. Align notch with tab on cams haft,
Figu re 14.
INSTALLING TAPPETS AND CAMSHAFT
Install s pac er on governor rod. Oil governor
rod a nd insta ll rod in cylind r cover. Se cure r od
with retaining ring , Figu r 16.
Assemble lever. clamp and sprin g plate, Fi g
ure 16. Slide assembly on governo r rod as far
as undercut permits. Tighten clamp SC I' W
firmly.
R efer to Group 35 and r ea ssemble the .! gi ne.
CONNECTING GOVERNOR LEVER
Fig . 15-Valve Timing
Install tappets in the same g'Uides from which
the y were removed during disass e mbly. I[lstall
camshaft, matching c hamfel'cd tooth on crank
shaft gear with mark and hobbing hol e on cam
s ha ft gear, Figur e 15.
Fie;. 17-Connec,in9 Gov e rn or Lev",
Connect gov rno r s pring t o bottom hol e of
v;o vernor plate , Figu r . 17.
Refer to Gr oup 35 a nd ins t a ll all exte r nc 1
comp on e nts . C onnect governor link and adj ust
as instr ucte d on the next p a ge.
Litho in U. S.A .
Trac tors, L awn and Garden - 110 a nd 112
SM- 205 9- (Ap r- 67)
Engin e
C a m s haft, Tappets a nd Go ve rnor - T ec umseh
20
40-7
AD JUSTMENT
A WUSTING GOVE R OR SPE E D
Fig . 19-Govc ruor Stop Sc rew ond Lock Nut
ADJ USTING C B L E AND CONDUIT
Fi g. I B- Go v ernor Lin k age A d ju s t m e n t
Ho lel c ontrol leve r t o right wit h socke t or
w dge de vi c e , Figur e 18.
L oos en leve r s crew.
Apply pr essu r e on r ight s i de of governor a rm
fac in g front of tra to r. T ighten lever SCI' w
fir mly. R e m ove wedge.
A DJ USTI NG GOVERNOR STOP SCRE W
Before attac hing the r e m ote speed c ontr ol
(cable a nd con duit) s et the e ng ine for m aximu m
rpm. Se t the high s pee d (37 00-3 800 rpm) with the
nglne run ning. Loose n l ock nut on go verno r stop
c re w. Move top of cant r al l vel' forw I' d to the
right (f a tng f ro nt of engine) , until low r e nd
s trike s the stop sc r ew, F igure 19. T urn in (c lock
wise ) to de rease m aximum rp m. T u r n out (coun
t er lo ckw is e ) to incr eas e m aximum r p m . AU
TI N: TIl c hom e ley
hou l ri n ot
F i g. 20 - P o,il ioning Con duit
Ins ert c abl end in l ow r hol e (la r ge hole) of
contr ol leve r. Move t hrottle leve r on das h until
dis tan c e be twee n top of I v el' a nd top of slot is
1/ 4 in c h. Move gove rn o r l e ve r until lowe r nd
of l ever st r ikes gover nor st op scr ew, F igu re 20.
T ighten can luit cl a mp f ir mly.
xcee d 3 800 rp m .
Be suye all d ril'es are di s engage d when s e tting
engine sp ee d. When adjustment is a b t (J i n e d,
tighte n l oc k nul on gore rnor st op c yew.
I M POR TANT.· Iifte y the engin e is as s em bled
an d installed in the tY(lcto r , fol low th e enf:1.71e
tune -up p r oce dure f(i fl en i n Se c tion ] O.
SP ECIFICATIO NS
BB100 TECUMSEH ENG INE
I 'em
N c "W' Pa rt Dirrcn s i on
We ar T ok ron e c
Ca m lobe d ia m e te r (nos e to he el)
0. 803
0.7 88-1n h
C ' ms h< ft
0. 623 5 to O. 6240- 1n ch
ea r ing elia m eter
L itho in U.S.A.
to O. OB- in c h
0.6 195 - tnch
20
40-8
Engine
Camshaft, Tappets and Governor - Tecumseh
Litho in U.S.A.
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059- (Apr-67)
Section 30
FUEL SYSTEM
Group 5
GENERAL INFORMATION
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ROUP 5 - GENERAL INFORMATION
Principle of Operation ..
Diagnosing Malfunctions ..
5-2
5-3
GROUP 10 - CARBURETOR
110 TRACTOR
General Information . . . . . . .
Repair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Disassembling Carburetor .. .
Cleaning Carburetor . . . . . . . . .
Inspecting Carburetor . . . . . . . .
Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Installing Throttle Assembly . . . .
Installing Choke Assembly . . . . .
Installing Float and Float Shaft .. .
Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . .
10-1
10-1
10-1
10-1
10-2
10-3
10-3
10-3
10-4
10-4
10-5
Installing Throttle Assembly .. . .
Installing Choke Assembly . . . . . .
Installing Float Valve Seat and Valve
Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Installing Float Spring and Float Pin
Adjusting Float . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Installing Gaskets, Fuel Bowl and
Retaining Nut . . . . . . . .
Installing Mixture Needles . . . . .
Installation. . . . . . . .
. ... .
Adjustment . . . . . . . .
Specifications . . . . . .
10-8
10-9
10-9
10-9
10-9
10-10
10-10
10-10
10-11
10-12
GROUP 15 - AIR CLEANER
110 TRACTOR
General Information . . . . . . .
Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15-1
15-1
10-5
112 TRACTOR
112 TRACTOR
General Information . . . . . . . . . . . .
Repair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Disassembling Carburetor . . . . .
Removing Main Nozzle . . . . . . . . .
Cleaning Carburetor . . . . . .
Inspecting Carburetor . . . . . . .
Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Installing Main Nozzle .. .. .. .
Litho in U.S.A.
10-6
10-6
10-6
10-6
10-7
10-7
10-8
10-8
General Information . . . . . . .
SerVlce
.
.............. .
GROUP 20 - SEDIMENT BOWL, FUEL
STRAINER AND GAS TANK
Sediment Bowl
Fuel Strainer.
Gas Tank . . . .
Special Tools.
15-2
15-2
20-1
20-1
20-2
20-2
30
5-2
Tractors, Lawn and Ga rden - 110 ~u ld 112
SM - 205 9- (Apr - 57)
Fuel System
General Information
PRI NCIPLE OF OPERATION
Fig. I-GroYily Flow Fuel Sy sf e m icr 110 anJ 112 Tru ctors
The fuel tank is rnounted above the e ng in e
and carburetor to allow gravit/ f eed of the fuel.
eliminating; the need for a fuel pump. Gasoline
flows from the tank through a strainer screen,
into the sediment bowl and carlJur e tor.
Kohl er e ngines on 110 Tractors use a side
dl-aft Carter carbure to r having th re adjus t
ments: higb sp e e d and idle mixtur needl .s and
an idle adjusting' S Cl' (' W.
Tecums e h eng'in ~ s on 112 Trac tors usc a
side draft Walbro carburetor havin . thr ee ad
justme nts: high speed ane! idle mixtu r e n ee dl e!:)
and an idle adj usting' screw.
Litho i.n U. S.A.
Fuel System
General Wormation
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059-{Apr-67)
30
5-3
DIAGNOSING MALFUNCTIONS
CARBURETOR
Hard Engine Starting
Engine flooded.
Lower choke control.
Restricted gas tank vent.
Replace cap or cap gauge assembly.
High speed and idle mixture needles not prop
erly adjusted.
Adjust needles properly, page 10-5 or
10-11.
Fuel inlet needle sticking to seat.
Install new needle and seat assembly.
Choke cable loose in control swivel.
Position lever and choke valve and tighten
cable in swivel.
Fuel shut-off valve closed.
Open valve.
Water, rust or stale fuel in gas tank.
Remove tank and flush.
Refill tank with fresh fuel.
Gummed carburetor.
Clean carburetor, page 10-2 or 10-7.
Install new carburetor kit.
Air lock in fuel line.
Remove fuel line at carburetor and bleed
fuel line.
Restricted air filter element.
Clean element.
Check condition.
Replace element if necessary.
Also see "Diagnosing Malfunctions," page
5-9 of Section 20, "Engines" for other solutions
to hard engine starting.
E ngine Stalling
High speed and idle mixture needles not prop
erly adjusted.
Adjust needles properly, page 10-5 or
10-11.
Dirt, water or ic e in fuel system.
Remove components and clean.
Replace parts as necessary.
Restricted gas tank vent.
Replace cap or cap gauge assembly.
Restricted fuel line.
Install new fuel line.
Air lock in fuel line.
Remove fuel line at carburetor and bleed
fuel line.
Restricted air filter element.
Clean element.
Check condition.
Replace element if necessary.
Also see "Diagnosing Malfunctions," pa ge
5-10 of Section 20. "Engines" for other solutions
to engine stalling.
Rough Idl e
High speed and idle mixture needles not prop
erly adjusted.
Adjust needles properly, page 10-5 or
10-11.
Incorrect float setting.
Adjust float, page 10-4 or 10-9.
Restricted air filter element.
Clean element.
Check condition.
Replace element if necessary.
Dirt, water or ice in fuel system.
Remove components and clean.
Replace parts as necessary.
Also see "Diagnosing Malfunctions," page
5-11 of Section 20, "Engines," for other solu
tions to rough engine idle.
Litho in U.S.A.
5-4 General Information
CAR BUR ETOR-Contlnued
Poor Acceleration
High spe ed and idle mixture needles not prop
erly adjusted.
Adjust needles properly, page 10-5 or
10-11.
Restricted air alter element.
Clean e lement.
Check condition.
Replace e lement ifnec essary.
110 Tractors: Arm loose on governor croSs
shaft.
Replace c ross shaft ass embly.
112 Tractors: Check condition of governor
spool.
Clean hole in each end of spool.
Replace spool if necessary .
Thr ottle cable slipping in con trol Swivel.
Adjust linkage and tight en cable in swivel.
Sticky fuel inlet needle.
Replace needle and seat assembly.
Tractors, Lawn and Gard en - 110 and 112
SM-2059-{Apr-67)
Flooding or Leaking Carburetor
Sticky fuel inlet ne edle.
Replace ne edle and seat assembly.
Incorrect float setting.
Adjust float to proper level, page 10-4 or
10-9.
Leaking float.
Replace float and adjust to proper level.
page 10-4 or 10-9.
Cas DYips from Carbuyet or
Loose fuel fitting.
Tighte n fitting. Install a new fitting if
necessary.
Replace fuel line if necessary.
Fuel line loose on fuel fitting.
Relocate hose clamp on fuel line.
Install new fuel line if necessary.
112 Tractors : Bowl drain leaking.
Push up and release bowl drain several
times .
Replace bowl drain assembly if necessary.
SEDIMENT BOWL
Dirty or damaged higb speed mixture needle.
Replace damaged needle.
112 Tractors: Dirt or paint on throttle re
turn spring.
Clean spring.
Also see "Diagnosing Malfunctions," page
5-11 of Section 20, "Engines," for other solu
tions to poor engine acceleration.
Engine Surging
High speed and idle mixture needles not prop
erly adjusted.
Adjust needles properly, page 10-5 or
10-11.
112 Tractors: Dirt or paint on throttle re
turn spring.
Clean spring.
Too low on fuel.
R ef1ll fue 1 tank.
tho in U.S.A.
Cas Drips at Sediment Bowl
Loose shut-off valve.
Tighten needle valve retaining nut.
Loose bowl nut.
Replace gasket and secure bowl nut.
No Fuel in Sediment Bowl
Shut-off valve closed.
Open valve.
Empty fuel tank.
Fill tank.
Filter screen clogged.
Clean Screen.
Replace screen if necessary.
Fuel Syste m
Carburetor - 110 Tractor
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
8M -2059-(Apr-67)
30
10- 1
Group 10
CARBURETOR
11 0 T RACTOR
GENERAL INFORMATION
..
REPAIR
When diagnosis indicates the carburetor
should b e cl ean ed, disassemble the carburetor
before placing it in the cleaning solution to make
Sure th e solution r eaches all surfac es and pa rt s.
Always insta ll all the pa rt s in the r epair kit
when the carbur e tor n e eds servi cing. Always
install new gaskets whenever the carburetor is
disassembled even though no other new pa r ts
are installed.
'
.
DISASSEMBLING CARBURETOR
H ; ''''
Fig. I-Cutaway View of Carburetor
Fuel enters the bowl through a valve con
trolled by the float, Figure 1. Air entering the
carburetor is controlled by the choke valve when
starting. The air-fuel mixture entel"ing the en
gine is regulated by the throttle valve which
maintains uniform engine speed under varying
loads, as controlled by the g-overnor.
Whenever the throttle is opened quickly to
give extra power for a sudden load, an extra
amount of fuel is required for a momentarily
richer air-fu el mixture. The accelerating well,
Figure 1, provides the extra fuel.
Th e carburetor has two adjusting needles;
one for high speed and the other for low or idle
speeds, Figure 1.
The high speed mixture needle controls the
amount of fuel entering the venturi at high engine
speeds.
The idle mixture needle controls the amount
of fuel entering the venturi when engine is idling
or when throttle valve is in the full closed po
sition.
Litho in U.S.A.
Remove carburetor from vngine and remove
air cleaner base.
Remove fuel bowl, float needle and n eedle
seat.
Remove high speed and idle mixture needles.
Remove screws holding throttle valve . R e
move valve and s haft from carburetor housing-.
Remove choke valve, choke shaft retaining
ball and spring.
CAUTION: Place a rag over end of choke
shaft opposIte choke shaft lever to pre
vent retaining ball from flying out when
shaft is removed.
CLEANING CARBURETOR
Clean all parts in a carburetor cleaning sol
vent.
CAUTION: Never clean holes or passages
with small drill bits or wire, as a slight enlarge
ment or burring of these holes wIll change the
performance of the carburetor. No method of
cleanIng other than solvent should be used.
Place carburetor parts in a suitable basket
and immerse basket in a container of carburetor
cleaning solution.
NOT E: Good carburetor cleaning solutions
can be obtained from most jobbers. Agitating
the basket up and down in the solution will speed
ulJ action of the solvent and aid in dissolving de
pOSits in small dYilled passages.
30
10-2
Fuel System
Carburetor - 110 Tractor
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 a nd 112
SM-2059 - (Apr-67)
Allow parts to remain in soluti on from one
to two hours . Then remove a nd rinse with fresh
clean ing solvent. Dry with compressed a ir, mak
ing sure all hole s are open and free of carbon
and di rt. Never use rags or waste paper to dry
the parts. Any lint may plug j ets of channels
and aff e ct operating efficiency of carburetor.
CAUTION: Never use compressed aIr to clean
a completely assembled carburetor. To do so
may cause the float to collapse.
INSPECTING CARBURETOR
Insp ect fl oa t valve to be sur e valve seat ma
terial or other debris is not adhering to tapered
surface of valve. If any mat e rial appears on
tap ered surface, replace floa t valve and valve
seat assembly.
Inspect seat assembly for wear or other dam
age. If valve seat is damaged in any way, re
place valve seat assembly and float valve.
Valves and seats are available only as match
ed sets and should never be interchanged.
For a positive leak test, imm e rse the float in
hot wa ter. Any leak can be det ected at once by
air bubbles escaping from the float. Do not at
tempt to repair the float if it leaks. Replace it.
Check float shaft and replace if worn.
Inspect tapered ends of needle s . If a ring has
been cut in the tapered surface of e ither because
th e needle has been turned too tightly against
the s eat, replace the needl e .
The seats for the high speed and idle mixture
adjusting n eedles are an integ ral part of the
carburetor body casting and ther efo re cannot be
remov ed or replaced.
Insp ect carburetor body casting and fuel bowl
for cracks or damaged seating surface. Examine
threaded holes for damaged threads. Check
thr ottle and choke shaft bearing areas in carbu
retor body for wear. Replace if worn or damaged .
Inspect jets for damaged or plug ged holes.
Replace if damaged.
M ,,7ft;
- High Sp eed Mixture Needle
2 - Spring
3 - Throttle Shaft and Lever
4 - Idle Speed Screw
5 - Spring
6 - Throttle Shaft Se al
7 - Throttle Valve
8 - Plug
9 - Idle Mixtur e Ne e dle
10 - Spring
11 - Expansion Plug
12 - Choke Shaft and Lever
13 - Gasket
14 - Ga ske t
15 - Bowl
16
17
18
19
-
20 21 22
23
24
25
26
-
Gesket
Bawl Nut
Float
Float Pin
Needl e Valve and Scat
F iber Washer
Valve Scre w (4 us e d )
Choke Valve
Boll
Spring
Body
Fig . 2-Exploded View of Corter Carburetor Components
CAUTION: Never clean holes or passages
with small drill bits or wire. Dissolve all par
ticles with carburetor solvent only.
Inspect throttle and choke shaft for excessive
wear or damage ill the b ea ring area.
Litho in U.S.A.
Fuel Sy s t e m
Carbur e tor - 110 Tractor
Tra ctors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059- (Apr -67)
30
10 -3
ASSEMBL Y
Heplace all gaskets when carbur etor is dis
ass e mbled for service. Use new gasket between
carburetor flange and cylinder block when in
sta ll ing carburetor on cylinder block.
In sta ll s p ring (25) , ball (24) and chok e shaft
(J 2) in car b u r t or b ody. Us e a s mall blunt punch
t o push ball h ack when s lipping nd of choke
sha ft thr ou g h carhu retor body, Figure 4.
Install the carburetor repair kit whenever
the carburetor is djsas ~" ;embled for service and
parts show wear.
As s emb l e choke valve as s hown in Figu re 4.
IMPORTAJVT: Til e choke valv e ca n be in
stalled bac kwards and also at th e wrong ang le.
Be SHre mo v eab le reed value i ' towa r ds ins ide
of carbllrel or body, F ig uve 4, and that tup of
ualue is ang l 7cl toward s inside of Dody.
INST ALLING THROT TLE ASSEMBLY
Tight en s c r C'ws firml y.
.
.
Fig. 3-ln510I/i"9 Thr ot tle Shofl and Valv e
Slip felt seal (6), Figure 2. on throttle shaft
and install throttle shaft (3 ) and valve (7) in
carburetor body (26). Valve must be installed
with trademark "C" on side towards idle port,
(R.H. side) when viewed from flange end, Figure
3. With screws loose, seat valve by tapping
lightly with a small screwdriver. Hold in place
while tightening screws.
INSTALLING CHOKE ASSEMBLY
Sill< rT
F ig . 5 -lnstal/ing Valve Scot a nd Valve
The valve se a t, valve and fib e r wa~her are
packaged together for service. Never replac e
on e without replacing the other parts also.
Screw valve seat a ss embly (20) into carbu
retor housing.
Insert valve with taper ed end against valve
seat, Figure 5.
CHI ) K E
SIi/i FT
Fig . 4-ln510lling Choke Shofl and Val ve
Litho in U.S.A.
30
10-4
Fuel System
Carburetor - 110 Tractor
INSTALLING FLOAT AND FLOAT SHAFT
."
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059-(Apr-67)
INSTALLATION
t. J'
Fig. 6-Ad;u5ting Float
Fig . 7-ln5tol/ing Carburetor Ass~mbly to Cylinder
Block
Assemble float (18), Figure 2, to carburetor
housing with float pin (19). Invert carburetor,
Figure 6. With float resting lightly on float
valve, the distance between float and machined
surface of carburetor body should be 13/ 64 inch.
To increase or decrease the distance, bend lip
on float. Dimension should be made on free end
of float (opposite valve seat), Figure 6.
Connect governor link in bottom hole of gover
nor arm and in hole closest to throttle shaft in
throttle arm, Figure 7.
Place new gasket between carburetor flange
and cylinder block and bolt carburetor to cylin
der block.
NOTE: Be sure carburetoy-to-bowl gasket
has a peYfect seat and forms an air tight joint.
Position bowl gasket (14), fuel bowl (15), bowl
nut gasket (16) and bowl nut (17). Tighten screw
firmly.
Install idle mixture needle (9), through spring
(10) and high speed mixture needle (1) through
spring (2) and into carburetor body.
CAUTION: Do not force needles too firmly
against seat as It will groove needle point and
cause carburetor malfunction.
Fig . 8-lnstal/ing Carburetor Components
Attach fuel line and control cables to carbu
retor, Figure 8.
Secure conduit clamps to supporting brackets,
Figure 8. Throttle linkage is not illustrated.
Place new gasket on carburetor body and bolt
elbow to carburetor, Figure 8.
Place filter element on base making sure it
seats tightly around base. Install cover and tight
en wing nut finger tight, Figure 8.
Litho in U.S.A.
Fuel System
Carburetor - 110 Tractor
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059-(Apr-67)
30
10-5
ADJUSTMENT
3. Start engine and rais e throttl e l ev r on
das h panel to "fas t" position. Allow e ngin e to
warm up.
4. Turn high speed mixture needle 1/ 8 turn
eac h tim e , clockwise or counterclockw is e until
engine runs smoothly at full thrott.le. Keep needle
position slightly on the rich siele (open) when
opera ting tract or with power driv en equipment
stich as the mowe r or snow thrower .
5. Move throttle lever to "slow" pOSition a nd
turn idle mixture n e ed le 1/8 turn each timf' ,
clockwise or counterclockwise until engine idles
smoothly.
Fig. 9-Carburetor Adjustments
Under normal operating' conditions the car
bu r etor will not require adjusting. Ii, after a
period of time, the engine misses, backfires,
o r excessive exhaust smoke is noticed, a djust
ment may be requir ed .
Idle adjustment and high speed adjustment
must be made a t the same time as each affects
the other. Adjust a s follows:
1. Run eng in e until warm, then shut off. Turn
hi gh speed mixture needle clockwise wltil closed.
Close finger ti ght only. Th e n open one and one
half turns.
6. Advance throttle lever quickly to c he c k for
uniform accele r a tion. Ii engine misses. gas -air
mixture is too 1 an. Turn high spe ed mixture
needl e count e r c l ockwise until positive accelera
tion c an be obtained. If excess exha.ust smoke is
notic ed, mixture is too rich . R eadjust idl e mix
tur e n re d l e if ne ce ssary until good balance is
achieved and eng in e idles !) l11oot.hly between
1200-1700 rpm. The idle speed screw adjusts
the sp ee d at which the engine idl s. This is fa c
tnry adjusted and will not normally require ad
ju stme nt.
2. Turn idle mixture needle clockwise until
closed. Close finger tight only. Then op en two
complete turns.
SPECIFICATIONS
(CARTER CARBURETOR FOR KOHLER K161S AND K181S ENGINES)
Speeds
High speed (No load)
Tdle speed (No load)
Float Setting
Distance between float and machined
surface of carburetor body (Carbu
re tor inverted)
Litho in U.S.A.
3800 rpm
1200-1700 rpm
13/ 64-inch
Hefer t o carbur etor adjustment, page
10-5.
Refer to carburetor adjustment, page
10-5.
Check and/ or adjust whenever car
buretor is disassembled for service,
page 10-4.
30
10-6
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059-(Apr-67)
Fuel System
Carburetor - 112 Tractor
112 TRACTOR
GENERAL INFORMATION
REPAIR
When diagnosis indi ca tes the carburetor
should be cleaned. disassemble the carburetor
before placing it in the cleaning soltuion to mak e
sure the solution reaches all surfac e s and parts.
I DLE I\,DJLJST I NG
SC REW fI1 L1
S PRIlle
f1A I N
Uti LE
~~-.J..--'--.
FL Ofl T
' '''~"L.P=~~ V F\
L VE
SU.,T
Always install all the parts in the repair kit
when the carburetor needs servicing. Always
install new gaskets whenever the carburetor is
disassembled even though no othe r new parts
ar e installed.
DISASSEMBLING CARBURETOR
LOAT
VAL V[
Remove carburetor from engine a nd r e move
air cleaner base and elbow.
Remove high speed and idl e mixtur e needles.
Remove idle adjusting scr ew.
FlllA
Remove fuel bowl retaining nut , fu e l bowl ,
fuel bowl gasket, float assembly , ne e dle valv e ,
spring and needle seat.
M 6074
Fig. TO-Cutaway View of IValbro Carburetor
Fuel enters the bowl through a valv e control
led by the float, Figure 10. Air entering the car
buretor is controlled by the choke valv e when
starting. The air-fuel mixture entering the en
gine is regulated by the throttle valv e which
maintains uniform engine speed under varying
loads, as controlled by the governor.
Remove screws holding throttle valve and
remove valve and throttle shaft with r e turn
spring from carburetor housing.
Remove choke valve and choke shaft.
REMOVING MAIN NOZZLE
Whenever the throttle is opened quickly to give
extra power for a sudden load, an extra amount
of fuel is required for a momentarily richer air
fuel mixture. The secondary idle discharge pro
vides the extra fuel.
The carburetor has two adjusting needles ;
one for high speeds and one for low speeds, and
an idle adjusting sc rew .
\ 1 ''''I "
The high speed mixture needle controls the
amount of fuel entering the venturi at high en
gine spe eds.
The idle mixture needle controls the amount
of fuel entering the venturi when engine is idling
or when throttle valve is in the full closed posi
tion.
Litho in U. S. A.
Fig. TT-Main Nozzle
Normally the main nozzle. Figure 11, should
not be removed. Remove the main nozzle only
if the high speed needl e seat is damag ed or
because of excessive dirt.
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059-(Apr-67)
Fuel System
Carburetor - 112 Tracto r
30
10-7
CLEANING CARBURETOR
ed sets and should never be interchanged.
Clean all parts in a carburetor cleaning sol
vent.
For a positive leak test, immerse the float
in hot water. Any leak can be detected at once by
air bubbles escaping from the float. Do not at
ternpt to repair the float if it leaks. Replace it.
CAUTION: Never clean holes or passages
wIth small drill bIts or wIre because a slight
enlargement 0 r burring 0 f these holes will
change the performance of the carburetor. No
method of cleaning other than solvent should be
used.
Place carburetor parts in a suitable basket
and immerse basket in a container of carburet
or cleaning solution.
Good carburetor cleaning solutions can be
obtained from most automotive jobbers. Agita
ting the basket up and down in the solution will
speed up action of the solvent and aid in dissolv
in g deposits in small drilled passages.
Allow parts to remain in solution from one to
two hours. Th e n remove and rinse with fresh
cleaning solvent. Dry with compressed air,
making sure all hol es are open and free of car
bon and dirt. Never use rags or waste paper to
dry the parts. Any lint may plug jets of channels
and affect operating efficiency of carburetor.
CAUTION: Never usecompressedalrtoclean
a completely assembled carburetor. To do so
may cause the float to collapse.
INSPECTING CARBURETOR
Check float shaft and replace if worn.
Inspect tap ered e nds of needles. If a ring
has been cut in the tapered surface of e ither
needle because the needle has been turned too
tightly against the seat, replace the ne ed le. Check
condition of O-ring on high speed mixture
needle. Replace if damaged.
The seat for the idle mixture needle is an
integral part of the carburetor body casting.
Replace carbu retor body if seat is damaged.
The seat for the high speed lnixture needle
is part of the main nozzle. When replacing the
high speed mixtur e needle, the main nozzle
should also be replaced.
Inspe ct carburetor body casting and fuel bowl
for cracks or damaged seating surface. Examine
threaded holes for damaged threads. Check
throttle and choke shaft bearing areas in carbu
r etor body for wear. Replace if worn or damaged.
Inspect jets for damaged or plugged holes.
Replace carburetor body if damage is present.
Check the condition of all springs. Replace
worn or damaged springs.
Inspect tapered end of float valve for wear.
If tapered end of valve appears worn or dam
aged , replace float valve and valve seat assem
bly.
Inspect seat assembly for wear or other dam
age. If valve seat is damaged in any way, replace
valve seat assembly and float valve.
Valves and seats are available only as match
Litho in U.S.A.
Check fuel bowl drain assembly. R eplace in
ternal rubber seat if fuel bowl has been leaking.
Check fuel pickup passage. It must be clean
to assure adequate fuel flow from the fuel bowl
to the metering systems.
Inspect throttle and choke shaft for excessive
wear or damage in the bearing area.
30
10-8
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059-(Apr-67)
Fuel System
Carburetor - 112 Tractor
ASSEMBLY
INSTALLING MAIN NOZZLE
".
..
Fig . 13 ·- Main Nozzle
Install service replacement main nozzle with
undercut in threaded ar e a in carburetor body ,
Figure 13 . Never reuse the original main nozzle,
should it have been removed to clean carburetor
or for any other reason. This procedure must be
followed to assure delivery of fuel to the idle
system.
I
,
I
L. ____ __ I
r----~=---@
,.. . ) ---@
Tighten nozzle firmly.
INST ALLING THROTTLE ASSEMBLY
• II,
M 6076
1
2
3
4
-
5 6
7
8
9
10
11
-
12 13 14 -
15 16 -
Gasket (2 used)
A i r Bolli"
Throttle Shaft and Leyer
Throttle Return Spring
Choke Stop Spring
Choke Shaft and Leyer
Carburetor Body
Choke Shutter
Gasket
Scot Gasket
Float Valve and Scat
Assembly
Float
Float Spring
Float Pin
Val~e Spring
Main Nozzle
17 - Adjusting Needle Spr ing
18 - Gaskc>1
19 - H ig h Speed Adjusting
Needle Assembly
20 - Gask et
21 - Retain"r
22 - Bowl Drain Spring
23 - Bawl and Drain Assembly
24 - Drain Stem Gasket
25 - Drain Stem
26 - Idle Adjusting Needle
27 - Idle Adjust ing Machine
Screw
28 - Adjusting Needl" Spring
(2 used)
29 - Throttle Shutter
30 - Machine Screw (4 used)
Fig. 12-Expladed View 01 Walbro Carburetor Components
I
I'
TI
't ,. .. ..
Fig. 14-In5tolling Throttle Shalt and Shutter
Slip throttle return spring on shalt, Figure
14. Position U-shaped end of spring on throttle
shalt arm. Wind opposite end of spring approxi
mately 180 degrees and install throttle shaft (3,
Fig. 12) in carburetor body. Install throttle
shutter with the lettering facing out when closed,
Figure 14. Install and tighten retaining screws
firmly. The throttle shaft should move freely.
Litho in U.S.A.
Fuel Syste m
Carbur e tor - 11 2 Tractor
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059-{Apr-67)
If throttle shaft turns hard, loosen screws and
30
10-9
INSTALLING FLOAT SPRING AND FLOAT PTN
reposition throttle shutter.
Install idle adjusting screw and spring, Fig
ur e 15.
INST ALLING CHOKE ASSEMBLY
! L l 10 •
.II r Rf ..
,-, I ~
J~
r
IG
'I
"i ~ I
Fig. 17- lnslolling Fl o or , Float Spri n g and P i n
Install the float, float s pring and pin as shown
in Figure 17,
.\I ••:.
ADJUST ING FLOAT
Fig. IS-I ns talling Choke Shaft and Shuller
Install choke shaft, Figure 15. Turn choke
shaft lever to closed position. Install choke shut
ter with lettering facing out and notch in shutter
facing toward fuel inl e t in closed position , Fi g
ure 15.
INSTALLING FLOAT VALVE SEAT AND
VALVE ASSEMBLY
I
".... ,
Fig. 76 - lnstolling Float Valve
51001 .
Valve Spring and Valve
Use a new gasket and install float valve seat
in carburetor body, Figure 16. Refer to "Speci
fications," page 10-12 and torque valve seat
accordingly.
Install float valve spring and valve in valve
seat, Figure 16.
Litho in U.S.A.
Fig. 78-Fl o ot Setting
Invert carburetor, Figure 18. Withflo::ltrest
ing on float valv e , th e distance between the float
and carburetor body should be 0.110 to 0,130
inch. Bend lip on float to increase or decrease
this dimenSion. Dimension should be made on
free end of float (opposite valve seat). Figu re
18 illustrates a l i B-inch diameter drill (0.125
inch) across the point of measurement.
30
10-10
Fuel System
Carburetor - 112 Tractor
INSTALLING GASKETS, FUEL BOWL AND
RETATNTNG NUT
Tractors , Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059-(Apr-67)
INSTALLATION
.
". ,
Fig. 19-1nstol/ing Fuel Bowl Gas ke t s, Fuel Bowl
and Retain ing Nut
Fig. 21-1"510Iling Carb ureto r Assembly on Cylinder
Block ( Air Cleaner Bo se Removed for Clarit y)
Install a new fuel bowl gasket, Figure 19.
Stretch gasket if necessary to fit seat. Install
new fiber washer between center of fuel bowl
and carburetor body.
Connect throttle link to governor lever and
throttl e shaft lever. Position link ends as shown
in Figure 21.
Place fuel bowl on carburetor body. Position
fuel bowl drain to the right as shown in Figure
19. Install fiber washer and fuel bowl retaining
nut (part of high speed adjusting needl e assem
bly) .
Install new ga sket (1, Fig. 12) between ai r
baffle (2) and cylinder block whenevpr air baffle
has been removed. Install new gask et (1) between
carburetor and air baffle. Install carburetor and
nuts. Tighten nuts firmly.
INSTALLING MIXTURE NEEDLES
Attach fuel line and choke cable to choke
lever , Figure 21.
Adjust choke and secure conduit clamp, note
position of wire, Figure 21. naise and lower
control lever. Readjust choke if necessary.
Use new gasket between carburetor body and
air cleaner elbow and install air cleaner assem
bly.
Fig. 20-lnstolling Idl~ and High Speed Mixture
Needles
Place O-ring in undercut on high speed mix
ture needle, Figure 20. Pla ce spring on needle
and install needle in fuel bowl retaining nut.
Place spring on idle mixture needle and in
stall needle in carburetor body, Figure 20.
Install and tighten fuel fitting, Figure 20.
e AUT ION:
Overtightening m3Y crack the car
buretor body.
Litho in U.S.A.
Fuel System
Car\)lInt()r - 112 Tractor
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 11 0 and 112
S 1\1-2059- (Apr-67)
30
10-11
ADJUSTMENT
,vOTE., Make Ihc follCYIl'ilig ini tial cnrbu rela y
se flings 10 ([S S U J"f' engine s I (rrl i ;'1 I ; afle I' as s em blr·
1. Turn idle lnixture needle one and on e
qua rter turn off seat.
2. Turn hi gh speed mixtur e needle one and
one-half tUrn off seat.
3. Back off idle adjusting scr ew one turn after
end of screw contacts throttle lever.
2. Turn idle mixture nee dl e cl oc kwis until
closed. Close fin;', ('!' tight only . Then op n two
complete turns.
3. Start eJl~,;ine anel r a ise throttle lever on
dash panel to "FA:;T" position. All o'N engin e
to warm up.
4. Turn high spped mixture ne ed le 1/8 turn
each tim e , clockwisp or countercloc kwis e , until
engine runs smo othly atfull thr o ttle. Keep SCI' ' W
pOSition slightly on the )'i c h sid (open) when 0])
erating tr a ctor with power driven equipment such
as th e mowe r or snow thrower.
5. 1\1ove thr ottle l evel' to "SLOW" posit ion
and turn idle mixture ne e rlle 1/8 turn each ti me,
clockwis e or count l'clockwise, until enn;lne idl!: :·;
S lllo othly.
Fig. 22-Corbure,or Ad/ u s' me n's
NOTE· Idle adjust menl (lIulh(r.(h spceriadjllsl
menl IIlllst be l1lade 01 L1le same tirne as each
a//ecls Ihe othey, Adjust as follows:
1. Run engine until warm, then shut engine
off. Turn high speed mixture needle clockwise
until closed. Close finger tight only. Th e n open
one and one-half turns.
Litho in U.S.A.
6. Advance throttl l e ver quickly to check for
uniform ac c e leration. Tf engine mis ~['s, gas-air
mixture is to o l ean. Turn high sp(~ C' d mixture
ne e dle coun t e rcl oc kwis e until pOS itive acC'pler
atioll (';U1 b e obt a iu e d. If excess exhaust smeA r.
is noti c -'d. mixture is too ri.ch. Readiust i.dle
mixtur . n eedle if necessary until good baLw c'e
is achieved and ngin e idles sl1loothly betwe"J1
1200 and 1700 rpm. The idle adjustin'.! screw
adjusts the sp e ed at which the e ngine idles.
30
Fuel System
10-12 Carburetor - 112 Tractor
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059-(Apr-67)
SPECI FICATIONS
(WALBRO CARBURETOR FOR TECUMSEH HH100 ENGINE)
It e m
Speeds
High speed (No load)
New Part
Wear Tolerance
3800 rpm
Refer to carburetor adjustment,
page 10-11. Refer to governor
adjustment, page 40 -7, Section 20.
1200-1700 rpm
Refer to carburetor adjustment ,
page 10-11. Refer to governor
adjustment, page 40-7, Section 20.
Float Setting Distance between float
and carburetor body (Carburetor
inverted)
0.110 to 0.130 inch
Check and/or adjust whenev e r
carburetor is disassembled for
service, page 10-9.
Valve Seat Torque
40-50 in-lbs
Refer to carburetor assembly,
page 10-9.
Idle speed (No load)
Litho in U.S.A.
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059-(Apr-67)
Fuel System
30
Air Cleaner - 110 Tractor 15-1
Group 15
AIR CLEANER
110 T RACTOR
GENERAL INFORMATION
...J 57:! 1
1 - Wing Nul
Fig. T-Air Filt e r
2 - Copper Was her
3 - Cov er
4 - Air Filt e r
Th e air cleaner consists of the base mounted
on the carburetor, an air filt e r element and a
cover that fits over th e filter element which is
held down by a wing nut. The filter element is
made of treated paper with a soft sealing edge.
A narrower air cleaner, AM21034 is used on
110 Tractors (
-3550) with K161 cogines.
110 Tractors (3551) with KI81 engines
use AM30800 air cleaner.
Care of the air cleaner is important since
all the air that enters th e engine goes through
th e air filter element. A clogged air filte~. · ele
m ent restricts air flow and reduces engine ef
fic iency. A damaged air filter element allows
dirt to ent e r the engin e and causes immediate
damag e to internal workin g parts.
5 .. Sc rew (2 u se d)
6 - Lock Wa s h e r (4 used)
7 - Bose
8 - Toppin g Screw (2 u sed)
9 - Ga "ket (2 u .ed)
10 - Elbow
11 - Mochinc Scrow (2 us ed)
Fig. 2- E x pl odcd View or Air Cleaner Components
tapping the air cl a ne r lightly against a flat
surface .
Do not dip the ai r filter element into a liquid
cleaner of any t ype. R eplace filt e r if bent,
crushed or da m aged. Replace element if c':";
trem e ly dirt y. Wh e n in doubt, replac e element.
This is in expensive insuranc e to protect the
engine.
SER V ICE
IMPORTANT; Nev er :run engine w-ithair fil
The most damaging engine wear can be tra ce d
to entry of dirt or dust through an improper ly
serviced air filter element.
t er element r emoved.
Wipe a ir cleane r base and inside of air c l eanr cover with a clean cloth damp ned with wa t er .
CLE ANTNG
lem ent should b e l ean ed
T h e air fUt r
ev e ry 5 hours of oper ation. This is done by
Lit ho in U.S. A.
Install a ir filt r el e ment m aking s u r e it seats
arou nd base , Assemb l e cove r
d tighten wing
nut o n cov e r fin ger tight, F if.,r ur 2.
30
15-2
Fuel System
Air Cleaner - 112 Tractor
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059- (Apr-67)
112 TRACTOR
GENERAL INFORMATION
/
-
Fig. 3-Air Filt e r
The air cleaner consists of the base mounted
on the carburetor, an air filter element and a
cov e r that fits over the filter element which is
held down by a wing nut. The AM31000 Filter
Element is made of treated paper with a soft
sealing edge, Figure 3.
M 6 08 H
Care of the air cleaner is important since all
the air that enters the engine goes through the
air filter element. A clogged air filter element
restricts ai r flow and reduces engine efficiency.
A damaged air filter element allows dirt to enter
the engine and causes immediate dama ge to in
ternal working parts.
SERVICE
The most damaging engine wear can be traced
to entry of dirt or dust through an improperly
serviced air filter element.
1 - Wing Nut
- Fiber Washer
- Cover
- Air Filter
- Brocket
6 - Gasket (2 us e d)
7 - Elbaw
8 - Machine Screw (2 used )
9 - Washer (4 used)
10 - Tapping Screw (2 us e d)
11 - Spacer
12 - Machine Screw (2 used )
2
3
4
5
Fig . 4-Expl oded View of Air Clea ner Component s
IMPORTANT· Ner'(!Y nm the eng ine willi ai r
CLEANING
filter element rerno1 le d.
The air filter element should be cleaned every
5 hours of ope ration. This is done by tapping the
air clean e r lightly against a flat surface.
Wipe air cleaner base and inside of air clean
er cover with a clean cloth dampened with water.
Install air filter element making sur e it seats
around base . Assemble cover and tighten wing
nut on cover finger tif';ht.
Do not dip the air filter element into a liquid
cleaner of any type. Replace filter if bent. crush
ed or damaged. Replace element if extremely
dirty. When in doubt, replace element. This is
inexp e nsive insurance to protect the engine.
Litho in U,S.A .
Tra c tors. La wn and Garcl e n - 110 and 112
SM - 2059 - (Apr -67 )
Fuel Sy s t m
Sed i ment Bowl, Fu e l St rainer a nd Gas Tank
30
20-1
Group 20
SEDI MENT BO W L, FUEL STRAIN ER AND GAS TANK
SEDIMENT BOWL
F rg. 2 -Fuel Strolner
Fig. I-Sed i", ,, :: t Bow l
Ttle s ediment b owl is easily c l a ned by clos
in g the shut-off va lv e and l oos en ing the thumb
nut until Ule bowl can be remov ed .
C AU T ION: Be sure eng i ne has coo led be
fore cleaning sediment bowl .
Wash out sedirnent bowl and dry thor ughly
whene': e r dirt part ic l e s ar e not ed in the b owl.
Ad vis e customer to us e cl a n ga s ol ine con
tain 1's .
Repla ce the gask e t whenever the sediment
1) owl is removed for c l eanin g .
FUEL STRAINER
With fuel shut-off va lv s till c l os e d. r e move
g,tsket and fu e l st rain e r b c a refully prying it
ov e r the cent e r ret a in e r. ' l ea n straine r thor
ou ghly, making s ur th at all st r a iner holes are
open.
R efer to Figu r e 3 to l'eas s mble sediment
bowl and fu e l strainer.
1 - N e e dle Val ve
2 - Ba s e
3 - Connector
4 - S creen
5 - Ga sk et
6 -
Bow I
7 - Cup
8 - MachIn e Sc r e w
9 - Nut
10 - Barl
IMPORTA A'T: Af ter ass e mbling sedime nt
bo wl and st r aine r, r emov g as li ne at carburetor
whi le op e ning slmt- off val ve arld./ill ing s dim e nt
bowl. Wh en ~as begins tu nm out, con nec t ga s
line.
This wil l a ll ow ai r to s cap
s ibl e air lock in th e ga s lin e .
Lith o in U .S.A.
and a vo id pos
Fi g. 3-E l1ye lIl e holl e r)' is /J e rmu./I fl Uy dmll
(l/; ed,
SO LEN OID
C AUT ION: After the battery is activated,
hydr ogen and o xyg en gases In the battery
are very explosive. Therefore , It Is nec
essary to kee p open flames and spark away from
batte ry.
It is im po rta n t t hat l e a ds ar e c onne cted co r
r ec tly, R ef e r to Group 5 for correct l e a d con
ne ctions,
The r ulatOI' o utput mus t nev l' exc ee d 14.2
tu 14.5 v I ts . R 'rrulatOl'S should
,acljus t e do nly
by t r'a in d s e rvi 'e me n with proper equipmcnt to
i' h ' (:k ;1I1d s ('t them.
Ig niti on coils do not norma lly require any
service. How ev e r , at ti me of b re a ke r point r c
plac el11 i" nt, it is wise to v isually inspect th coil
for th e foll ow i n g.
S' r !icin,r: /j attery
Gooe! batte 1'Y s e l'viein g in ttl!' tLJdor should
ineluct th e following 9 it e ms.
Ch ec k the top of (' oil 1' 0 1' cr a c ks u r car bon
t ra cks, e ith e r of which C:1I1 c ause cUI' r nt l eak
age r e sulting in poo r perfol'l11ance. It may b
nec p ' s;1l'Y to C'l e:\n th e top of the coil with :.l c l a n
r ag a nd !:,t,] v nt fur 1)(' ttel' v is ua l a nal " s is . Coil
1. Cl ean batt0ry .
2. In s p e ct cab l e s inclLlclin ( ~ ground conn ec
h un s .
3. Clean t erm ina ls.
4, Insp pc t hold-d ow ns. Ti g hte n fingC'r tight
only .
5. Ins pect case for ](' ;lks.
6. Make hydromete r tcs t.
7. ,\(lcl wal I'if n 'C' e s s a ry . TJSf'(' ~luti un t iJ]l ro
II c t tnl · tor from ;w icl clamag-e.
8. H p c llar ge b~lttery if l p ss than 75',i, c harr,ed .
g, 1\1:1 '-<: " ]o;ld t (' s t , P;.l g- (' 10-4.
The solenoid is a sealecl unit : repl ac e s w itch
when test shows defective,
F a s te n so l e no id to bas " with bolts, washe rs
~tncl tigt1ten firmly.
.tnd nuts
C OI L
r epLH'(' nl Cnt may b -'
incli c~l t . d.
Check c oil to wer to s ec if it has be 11 e roded
pO Ol' cc nn e c ti on, Se e j1,l g:C' ) 0 -1 2 for p r opel'
c,o il in s ta lLn io n a n -I a s s e mbly,
by
C( NDE l\S E H
Hep b ' (' ('ondcns(' r s f ound 1I [c ct ive or when
in ;:) t a llill ~~ lIew points.
ev r
SP,\ !l K 11. G
l ,' l eunin,l; Uoilel'Y
To avo id injury f1' o111 a spa rk o r short e il'
('Ult , c!is co nnect tile neu:ative cab le fr olll the
n g ati v (' \):ltt (' l' Y tc1'111 i n:.l l fir st. Th e n r,: n 1() v,~
boot fr o m p osi tiv e termindl and clis ccJI1n ect !-J ()'o i
tiv e c~ llJ h ' f ro m positiv e t Cl'mi n ~ 11 of ba ttf~ r y.
F o ll ow tile l" ' \, (? l' S C )Jt' o ccclurc when ('un
n e etill g calJl cs t o l): before turning into engine.
Rough contacts which are g reyish in cOlor
often have a greatel' area of conta ct than new con
tacts, and will provicle satisfactory s l' l'vicf' un
til most of the tungsten is worn of 1.
Clean the points with a few strokes of n clean
oil free fine-cut contact (riffle) file. Do not
attempt to remOV2 all roug'hness nor dress the
point surfaces smooth; merely remove the seale
or dirt. Never use emery cloth or sand papp.r to
clean the points since abrasive particles will
embed in the point surface and cause arcing and
rapid burning of the po ints.
Brush threads with a wire brush.
Clean the electrode surfaces with a small file,
Figure 18. Dress the electrodes to obtain flat
parallel surfaces on both the center and siele
electrode.
After cleaning, examine the plug carefully for
cracked or broken insulator, badly pitted elec
trodes, and other signs of failure. Replace if
damaged. Adjust spark plug gap, Fi~ure 30.
Torque plug to recommenclec\ specifications.
~,
Fig , 20-110 Tractor Point Replacement
BREAKER POINTS
When replacing points, remove screws I I A' I .
Be sure lock washers arc in place on 110 Trac
tor before reassembly.
Heplacement points for 112 Tractor are pack
agee! with a new fiber push rod. Be sure to in
stall new push rod whenever replaCing points.
Refer·to Figures 28 or 29 and adjust breaker
point gap.
M 5600
Fig. 19-Burncd Breaker Poi"ts
Breaker points can be burned from exces
sively high voltage, oily or dirty points, a faulty
condenser or improper point adjustment.
Litho in U. S. A.
El c tri 31 System
Ignition System
Tractors, La wn and Garden - 110 dnc! 112
SM- 2059- (!\pr- 67)
S PAHK PLUG-Continued
Pitted points and some transfer of material
between the points is considered normal. If point
transfer is 0.020 in c h or more. replace the
points.
40
10- 10
U e a spark plug wrench to remove plug.
Always use a new spark plug gasket when re
placing plug.
Examine the firing e ncl of the spark plug, not
ing the type of df" pusits and the deg ree of elec
tr ode erosion. TIeit:r to pages 10- 3 and 10-4 for
various types of spark plug fouling and their
callS s.
Clean the plug on a sand blast cleaner, fol
lowing manufacturers instructi ons. Do not pro
long the use of the abrasive blast as it will
erode th e insulat o r and electrodes. Clean ALL
abrasive from plu,! before turning int o eng-ine.
Rough co ntacts which ar e gr e yish in color
often have a greater area of contact than new con
tacts, and will provide satisfactory SE'l".' icc un
til most of the tungsten is worn of 1.
CleJ.n the pOints with ;l few stroke::; of a cl(, ~\l1
o il fr ee fine-cut contact (riffle) file. D u not
dttempt to remOV 2 all r ouo-hn ss nor dr ess the
p o int surfaces smooth : m e r e ly remove th e .-, cal ,'
or dirt. Never use emery cloth or s:.1nd paper t o
clean the points since abrJ.sive particles will
embed in the point surface ,mcl caus e arcin!T, ;:ll1C[
rapic! burning of th e pOints.
Brush thr eads with a wire brush.
Clean the electrode surfaces with a small file,
Fig ure 18. Dress the e lectrodes to obtain fl a t
parallel surfac s on both the center and siele
electrode.
Alter cleaning, exa mine the plug carefully for
cracked or broken insulator, badly pitted el e c
trodes, and other signs of failure. Replace if
damaged. Adjust spark plug gap, Figure 30.
Torque plug to recornmendecl specifications.
F;g . 20-110 Troct o r P oint Replaceme" ,
BREAKER POINTS
When replaCing points, remove screws " A".
Be sure lock washers 31"8 in plac e on 110 Tl'ac
to r before reasse mbly.
Heplacement points for 112 Tractor are pack
a ged with a new fiber push rod. Bc Sllre to in
stall new push roc! whe never replacing points.
Refer-to Figures 28 or 29 and adjust break e r
point gap.
M 5600
Fig. 19-Burncd Breaker Poi"ts
Breaker pOints can be burned from exces
sively high voltage, oily or dirty pOints, a faulty
condenser or improper point adjustment.
Litho in U.S. A.
Tra c tors, L3wnandGal'clen - 110ancl]12
SM- 2059- (Apr- 67)
Electrical System
Ignition System
40
10 - 11
NEUTRAL-STAHT SWITCH BRACKETS
NEUTHAL-ST AnT SWITCH
5r 3
I
I
9
~4
./
~
ULl'
E"AI" p [I
f . -,t.) l
( 1.)')\1 i -I OU , OOU)
1 - Switch (
.3550)
· 3550)
2 - Harnes s (
3 - Cap Screw (
-15000)
4 - Spacer (
·15000)
·15000)
5 - Brack e t (
6 - Cap Screw and Wa s her (1 5001
7 - Bro cket ( 15001 ·
)
)
8 - Switch(3551 .
9-Horncss(3551·
)
10 - Clamp (
)
Fig. 27-Neutro/·Stort Sw itch Component s
Before replacing or repairing neutral-start
t;witch, be sure to t est switch as detailed on
page 10-6. A simpl e adjustment may correct the
problem.
'.r ,
Fig. 22-01d and New Neut ral-Sta rt Switch Br acke ts
for Tr actors Se r ial N o. 15000 alld Below
Install the new ne utral-start switch bracke t,
Figure 22, whenever replacement of the ol d
bracket is r qui red on 110 Lawn and Ga rden
Tractors (S erial No.
-15000).
The? sturdier bracket, which has be en Sllbsti
tuted for the older bracket, is made of heaviEr
gauge steel a nd has two mounting l egs rather
than one.
The new bracket is assembled and ac\justed in
same m a nner a nd us s th e same harc\w ar:c' and
switch as the old bracket.
tJ
Litho in U.S.A.
40
10-12
Electrical System
Ignition System
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059- (Apr-67)
INSTALLATION
COIL AND CONDENSER
BATTERY
Fig. 23-fn s ta/ling Batterr
If tractor has a battery pad, tuck small por
tion of pad between battery base and fuel tank.
Fi g.
24-110 T ractor I g nition Compon e nts
Battery pad is not furnished on 110 Tractors
Serial No. 67001 and above or on 112 Tractors
Serial No. 5201 and above.
Battery pad may be removed and discarded
from all earlier tractors when servicing battery
provided hold-down bolts are tight.
Position battery in tractor with terminals
closest to front of tractor, Figure 23. Tighten
hold-down wing nuts only finger tight.
Attach wire from solenoid to positive (+) bat
tery terminal.
IMPORTANT: Be sure rubber bootisin
stalled on positive wire and that it com
pletely covers the positive terminal.
Attach ground wire to negative (-) battery
terminal.
Fig.
25-112 Tract o r Ignition Components
Insert coil in coil mounting clamp and tighten
mounting clamp bolt firmly.
Fasten coil clamp and condenser to mounting
bracket with two screws, lock washers and
wrought washers. Tighten screws firmly, Fig
ures 24 and 25.
Connect long red wire (from ignitions switch)
to positive (+) terminal on coil. Connect con
denser and point lead to coil negative (-) ter
minal. Do not reverse these connections.
Litho in U.S. A.
Electrical System
Ignition System
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059- (Apr-67)
BREAKER POINTS
40
10-13
SOLENOID
Fig. 27-lnslol/ing Solenoid
F ;9. 26-lnstol/;n" Breaker Point>
(712 Tractor Illustrated)
Be sure rubber grommet is installed over wire
to points before connecting- wire to points on 110
Tractors.
NOT E: When installing new points on 112
Tractors, be sure to include new push rod, Fig
ure 26, included with the points.
Install breaker point cover.
Litho in U.S.A.
Install solenoid as shown in Figure 27. Tight
en cap screws firmly. Connect black cable with
brown lead to right hand terminal of Solenoid.
Connect black cable with black lead to left hand
terminal of solenoid. Connect purple lead to small
terminal on solenoid. Refer to illustrations in
Group 5 when making electrical connections.
40
10-14
Electrical System
Ignition System
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059- (Apr-57)
ADJUSTMENT
ADJUSTING BREAKER POINTS WITH GAUGE
Fig. 28-Ad;usting Points. 110 Tractor
ADJUSTING SPARK PLUG GAP
Fig. 30-Ad;usting Spark Plug Gop
Determine spark plug c ondition, pages 10- 3
and 10-4.
l )n It ••
'. •E~
Reusable plugs, after being cleaned, must be
regapp e d. Distanc e be twe e n el ec trode s should be
0.025 inch on 110 Tractors andO.030incilon 112
Tractors. Bend the outer electrode only for prop
er gap.
Always remove old spark plug r;as ket and in
stall new gasket whe n installi!1~ cleaned plug back
in engine. Gaskets are available at any automo
tive jobber. A new gasket is supplied with new
plugs. Tighten plug to 15 to 20 ft-lbs torque.
, ", '4
Fig. 29-Ad;usting Points· 112 Tracto,
Disconnect spark plug cable to prevent ac
cidental starting of the engine. Remove ignition
point cover and rotate engine flywheel until points
a re fully open.
Check point gap with a 0.020- inch feeler gauge.
If adjustment is required, loosen loc king screw
and mov,= screwdriver in V-slot until points are
prop e rly set.
CHECKING COIL POLARITY
--~C=U
After tightenin[!, locking screw, recheck point
gap.
Check engine timing on 110 Tractors with
timing light for positive timing. See Figure 17.
~~M S'OI
Fig. 31-Checking Coil PO/Oldy
Li~ho
in U.S.A.
Electrical System
Ignition System
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 3nd 112
SM -2059- (Apr-67)
Co il polarity i s important because incorrect
polarity will r e quil'e 4000- 8080 volts mOl"e to
fire the spark plug. One method to che c k po
l arity is to connect the negative lead of a volt
meter to the spark plu£r termin 'l l. Wi-:h engine
running, momentarily touch positive volt- m eter
le ad to a g'ood ground. The co il polarity is cor
rect if the meter reads up scale.
!\nothel" method is t o hold the spark plu g- high
tens ioa wi re a bout 1/ 8 inch from the spa rk plug,
Insert lea d po int of a wooden pencil in" spark,
Figure 31. Spark should flare and turn orange on
plug side of pencil lead if polarity is correct. A
loss of eng ine powel' is also noticed when the co il
poLlrity is incorr ec t.
Refer to illustrati ons in Group 5 for proper
e l ectrica l connections.
40
10- 15
There are two adjustments whic h are im
portant so that the neut r a l start switch will op
erate as designed, whenever the shift l e vel' is
placed into nc:utral to complete the engine crank
in g- circuit.
To adjust neutral start switch 3nd bra cket,
connect a ('untinu ity tester to switch terminals,
FiQ;ure 32.
1. Position shift levl ' l' so that dimple in unde r
side of fork plate is above or touching switch
plung·e r. Loosen jam nut and turn switch inward
until continuity is observed on meter. Then turn
sw it ch barrel 1/ 4 turn c lockwise anc! ti~hten jam
nut.
2. Move shift lever up ancl down in neutral po
sition. If dimple in underside of fork does not
contact plungc!r, 100sl'I1 both swit ch bracket
screws and move iJracket until dimpl2 in lork
contacts plunge r. Tighten cap screws firmly.
ADJUSTING NE UTRAL-START SWITCH AND
BRAC KET
Before attempting to make any switch 01'
bracket adjustments, check the neutral-start
bracket for exc essive looseness at fork pivot.
Also c heck condition of dimple on underside of
fo rk. Replace bracket if necessary.
Continued usage of the tractor s hiIter lever
will cause the neutral-start switch to wear and
loosen, making switc h adjustment necessary. Oc
casionally, a neutral-start switch is r eplacedor
is bypass-wired even though a few simple ad
justments woule! fix it. Before replacing a switch,
follow the adj us tment procedu re des c ri bed he 1'0
fOl" 110 and 112 Tra c t ors .
Fig, 32- Te s ter Conncc,cd to Switch Ter minals
110 Tr octors (
· 15000)
Fig, 33-Switch B rocket and Switch for 110 Traclors
and 0/1 T 12 Tractors
1. Wh :'n the shifter lever is in the neutl"al po
Sition, it must mov'~ forward and rearward with
out strikin g: l'ithcr side of the switch fork plate.
If the lever strikes and moves the fork , loosen
the two bolts holding the switch bracket t o the
trans axl e :md shift the bracke t until the shifter
l ever does not str ik e the switch fork. Tie.;hten
bolts firmly.
2. C011l1ect a continuity tester to switch term
inals, Figure 33. Loosen jam nut and turn switeh
inward until continuity is observed on meter.
Then turn switch barrel 1/ 4 turn clo c kwise and
tighten jam nut.
CAUTION: Be sure dimple Is not pushing
plunger down too for. If plunger contacts fork
too hard, the switch will be active at all times
and will bend bracket.
When proper adjus tm ent is obtained, the en
gine should start only when the shift lever is in
neutr a l pOSition.
Litho in U.S.A.
40
10-16
Electrical System
Ignition System
Tracto rs, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059- (Apr-57)
SPECIFICATIONS
E,LECTRICAL COMPONENTS
Component
Spark Plug- Gap
110 Tractors - K161S-7HP
K181S-8HP Kohler Engines
112 Tractors - HH100-10HP
Tecumseh Engine
New Port
Wear Tolerance
0.025 inch
0.030 inch
Breaker Point Gap (all engines)
0.020 inch
Battery
12 volts
Refer to specifications
chart supplied by test
equipment manufacturer
and use appropriate con
trol settings for battery
being tested
Coil
Power Test
Operating amperage
2.25 Max, (0' 21,000 volts
Refer to specifications
chart supplied by test
equipment manufacturer
and use appropriat e con
trol settings for coil
being tested
Continuity Test
OHM Resistance
3.9 Min/4.8 Max.
(rj
8,000 volts
± 1,000 volts
Condenser
Capacity- Mi ::: rofarads
Minimum resistance
Flash
TORQUE FOR HARDW ARE
Location
TUNE UP DATA
Torque
Spark plug (cold)
K161S-7HP and K181S-8HP
Kohler
15-20 ft-lbs
HHIOO-10HP Tecumseh
15-20 ft-Ibs
Litho in U.S. A.
Refer to specifications
chart supplied by test
equipment manufacturer
and use appropriate con
trol settings for condens
ser being tested
.18-,23
1,000 meg. OHMs
500 volts D. C.
Item
Sp e cifications
Battery level
Water should cover plates at
all times. Use clean dis
tilled water when possible.
Spark plug
Periodically clean and regap,
see Figure 30.
Breake r points
Rep 1ace badly pit ted or
burned breaker points.
Electrical System
Ignition System
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059-(Apr-67)
40
10-17
SPEcr AL TOOLS
Name
Manufactu,e, and No ,
Use
Hydrometer- Thermometer
Snap on BB-4A
To check battery condi
tion.
Generator-Regulator Tester
Snap on MT-401B
To check ~enerator out
put and voltage.
Timing Light
Mercotronic Model
65-12DC
To set engine timing.
Battery Cha rger
Silver beauty model 220
For initial charge and to
recharge batteries.
Ignition Point File
Snap on HB-5
To file breaker points
and spark plug elec
trodes.
Feeler Gauge
OTC No. 860-A
To gap bre aker
Spark Plug Wire Gauge
OTC No. 866
To check gap and regap
spark plug.
Test Lamp
Snap on CT-6
Test circuits.
Magneto Analyzer
Mercotronic Model 98
Mercotronic Instruments
Corporation
215 Branch St.
Almont, Michigan
Test coil condenser,
solenoid, battery voltage
and check continuity.
Litho in U.S.A.
points.
40
10-18
Electrical System
Ignition System
Litho in U.S.A.
Tractors , Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059-(Apr-67)
Electrical 3yst ill
Charging Syste m
Tractors, Lawn and Gard en - 110 an cl 112
SM- 2059- (Apr- 67)
40
15- 1
Group 15
CHARGI NG SYSTEM
GENERAL IN FORMA TION
, J'
r llil Y
i't! A'(
PFilU llDi,
TO L ' lolll
- .-----'
, llll t: 1)
["
~--------------------------..
Fig, I-Wiring O"' 9 ra m Showin'] Motor . Gellerator, Regulator , BatlN y and Switch
The U' ~ lco-nemy ivl otor-Genel'at o r fun c tions
as a c ranking m ot o r when the solenoid is closec\.
AIl e I' the engine is operating Clnd the moto r
s witch opens the circuit, the unit functi ons as a
~L' nera to r,
The motor-g e nel'at o r contains a s(~ries ancl a
shunt fi e ld. B oth fields ,He effective [or de
ve l opin g t o rque when the unit perfonns :JS a
e rankin!:!: m oto r. Figure 1 illustrates the c ir
c ui~ry of the two terminal l11otor-generatorwith
the tw o unit regulator used on 110 and 112
Tractors. When this lmitoperates as a generator,
th e s hunt field is the main fielcl and the series
field acts as a bucking fi e ld, which te nds to limit
f',"Cner,1tor output "t hig'h speed.
Fi g. 2 -Cr o55 Sectlonol V,ew 01 Mo t ol· Generator
Th e co mbin3tion cu rrent-voltage regulatol' is
a cievice which provicles control of the generator
output and circuit voltage so as to meet various
batt c l'Y ;mc\ operating l' cqu ir e mcnt.:;.
The cutout rela y is a de vice which clos es the
c ir c uit between the gener3tor and battery when
the generator is operating at suffici ent speec\
Litho in U.S. A.
to charge the battery and which opens this circuit
when the g'ener,ltor slows clown or stops to pre
vent th e battel'Y fr om cliseharg'ing back throll g h
the ge ne rator,
40
15-2
Electrical System
Charging System
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059- (Apr-67)
TESTING
Provided here are instructions for testing
electrical components on and off the tractor. The
purpose of the tests is to isolate the cause
of the trouble in the generating system. A com
plete diagnosis guide is in Group 5 of this section.
Adequate, approved electrical test equipment
is required to accurately test electrical circuits
and intelligently diagnose unsatisfactory per
formance.
Many servicemen prefer to have their elec
trical components tested by professionals using
highly complex test equipment. Good automotive
repair centers provide this service. The motor
generator and voltage regulator can be tested on
automotive test equipment.
The following test procedures are recom
mended for dealers having their own test equip
ment. Equipment needed is listed at the end of
this section.
A visual inspection will often reveal much
useful information relative to the condition of
the charging system. An wiring should be vis
ually inspected periodically for damaged insula
tion. Faulty wiring should be replaced. All
terminals should be checked for loose or corrod
ed connections. Terminals should be cleaned and
tightened if necessary.
Unwanted resistance in the circuit results in
unwanted voltage losses or drops. EXCESSIVE
voltage drop in the charging circuit tends to keep
the battery in an undercharged condition.
TESTING MOTOR-GENERATOR OF F TRACTOR
First check motor-generator on tractor as ex
plained on page 10-7 of Section 40. Then, per
form the no-load test as instructed below with
the motor-generator removed from the tractor.
MOTOR-GENERATOR NO LOAD TEST
IMPORTANT: Because there are many man
ufacturers of test equipment, each with their own
specific operating instructions, it is important to
follow the manufacturers recommendations if
the procedures in this section should contradict
those of the manufacturer.
V/\R I All Ll
R[SI S T~NC [
VOLT M E TE ~
AMME TEr{
., An
TESTING CIRCUIT WIRING
R . P. i'l .
,..----"
I IiDIC ATO R
~
POO R OR LOOS E
CO NNECT I ONS
~
COR ROD EU
CO NNE CT IONS
M 5 87 6
L
WI RES
Fig. 3-Foulty Wiring
The wiring in the circuit is just as important
a part of the charging system as the electrical
units themselves. Undersize wire or loose con
nections between the regula tor and battery or
poor ground connections between the battery and
generator will cause a lowering of the charging
rate to the battery. High resistance resulting
from loose or corroded connections in the charg
ing circuit between the generator and regulator
will result in a high voltage at the generator and
may cause premature failure of the regulator
pOints.
Litho in U.S.A.
M 5 76 4
Fig. 4-Checking Motor·Generotor Free Speed
To perform the "No- Load" test, connect the
motor in series with a battery of proper voltage
and an ammeter capable of reading several
hundred amperes. A tachometer or rpm indicator
may be used to measure armature revolutions
per minute or free speed, Figure 4. With motor
operating and the field grounded, measure the
current draw and note the armature speed. Com
pare these readings with specifications on page
15-19 to determine if the motor is operating
properly.
Electrical System
Charging System
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059-(Apr-57)
Test Conclusions
1. Rated current draw at rated speed, as found
in specifications, indicates normal condition of
the motor-generator.
2. Low free speed and high current draw in
dicates:
(a) Too much friction-tight, dirty or worn
bearings, bent armature shaft or loose
pole shoes allowing armature to drag.
(b) Shorted armature. Check on a growler
after disassembly.
40
15-3
7. High free speed and near normal current
draw indicates an open shunt coil. Replace the
coil and check for improved performance.
8. Noise emanating from a generator may be
caused by a loose mounting or drive pulley. It
can also be caused by worn or dirty bearings,
or improperly seated brushes. Dirty bearings
may sometimes be saved by cleaning and lubri
cating, but worn bearings should be replaced.
Excessive noise may result if the brush holder
is bent, resulting in improper seating of the
brush. Such a brush holder must be replaced.
TESTING GENERATOR OUTPUT
(c) Grounded armature or fields. Check
further after disassembly.
{ I\r~
. IWL[
Rl S I ~lANCE
'I tJ L r :'lE r 13
3 . Failure to operate with high current draw
indicates:
(a) Direct ground in the terminal or fields.
4. No current draw indicates:
(a) Open field circuit. Check after dis
assembly by inspecting internal con
nections and tracing circuit with a test
lamp.
(b) Open armature coils. Inspect the com
mutator for badly burned bars after
disassembly.
(c) Broken brush springs, worn brushes,
high insulation hetween the commutator
bars or other causes which would
prevent goo d contact between the
brushes and commutator.
5. Low no-load speed and low current draw
indicates:
(a) High internal resistance due to poor
connections, defective leads, dirty
commutator and causes listed under
No.4.
5. High free speed and high current draw in
dicates a shorted shunt or series field coil. A
shorted shunt coil can b e determined by follow
ing para graph 3, page 15-5 under "No Output"
on page 15-4 . Ti the shunt coil performs proper
ly, replace the series coil.
Litho in U.S. A.
.10 TOI!
(i ll oRATOR
M 5 765
DR I VE
Fi g. 5-Checki n 9 M oto r-Generator Output
To check the motor- g enerator output, some
means of driving the unit is necessary . Also an
ammeter. variable resistance and voltmeter,
connected as shown in Figure 5 is needed. The
field connection must be g rounded with a jumper
lead. Refer to specifications, page 15-19, for
specified rpm and rotation. and drive unit ac
cording ly. Adjust the voltage by varying the re
sistance and read ammeter. The unit should
function according to specifications. If not, re
pair or replace parts as indicated in the follow
ing test conclusions.
40
15-4
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and ll2
SM-2059- (Apr-57)
Electrical System
Charging System
Test Conclusions (No Output)
If the generator will not produce any output,
check the commutator, brushes and internal con
nections. Sticking brushes, a dirty or gummy
commutator or poor connections may prevent the
generator from producing any output. Solder
thrown from the commutator riser bars indicates
that the generator has been overheated from ex
cessive output. Often this leads to an open cir
cuit and burned commutator bar s and conse
quently no output. (See paragraph 4, page 15 -5.)
If the brush es are satisfactorily seated and are
making good contact with the commutator, and
the cause of trouble is not apparent. use a test
lamp as follows to locate the trouble (leads must
be disconnected from motor-generator termi
nals) .
Fig. 7-CI!ecking (or Open F icld C ails
TE S T LA'l!'
2. If the unit is not grounded, check the fi e ld
for an op en circuit, Figure 7 with a test lamp.
The lamp should 1ight when one test point is
placed on the field terminal and the other is
placed on the armature terminal.
If it does not light, th e circuit is open. If th e
open is due to a broken lead or bad connection.
it can be repaired , but if the open is inside olle
of th e field coils, the coi l must be replaced.
"1"766
'Hl~~
fOR GROUiW[ ,
FILLlI ~
F ig. 6-Checking (or Groullded Mo t or·Gclle rotar
1. Remove motor-generator from tractor.
Remove end frame (comrnutator end). Raise the
grounded brush from the commutator and insu
lat e with a piece of paper. Place end frame in
place lIsing care not to move paper strip. In
stall and s nug through bolts. Check for gTounds
with test prods from th e g'enerator "F" termi
nal to the generator fram e, Figure 6. If the
lamp lights. it indicates that the unit is int e r
nally grounded. Location of th e p:round can be
found by disconnecting' the field and brush leads
fr om the insulated brush holder and checking
the brush hold ers, armatur e and field separately.
Hepair or replace parts as required.
Lith o in U S. A.
Electrical System
Charging System
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059- (Apr-67)
UATHk Y
40
15-5
Test Conclusions (Unsteady or Low Out/Jut)
1f the generator produces a low or unsteady
output. the following factors should be consider
eel:
AI'H-lL TE R
In
,) 11\:', Cl
OL H I EHI:
l. A loose drive belt that slips and conse
quently causes a low or unsteady output.
2. Brushes that stick in their holders, or
low brush spring tension which will prevent
good contact between the brushes and commuta
tor resulting in low a nd unsteady output. This
will also cause arcing and burning of the brushes
and commutator.
3. A commutator that is dirty, out of round,
or has high mica caUSing generator output t o be
low and unsteady. To correct these conditions.
turn the commutator down in a lathe and under
cut the mica. Burned commutator bars may
indicate an open circuit condition in the arma
ture as already stated in paragraph 4 undel'
"No Output" (below left) .
Fig. 8-Checking Sho,fcd Field Coils
3. If the field is not open, check for a short
circuit in the field, Figure 8, by connecting a
battery and an ammeter in series with the field
circuit. Proceed with care, since a shorted
field may draw excessive Clll'rent which might
damage the ammeter. If the field coil current
draw is not within specification for the specified
voltage, new fipld c o ils will be required.
NOTK 1/ a shorted shun! field is found, check
re,~ ulator can tact points, since a shorted
field moy llave />ermilled excessive field cuv
vent whicll wmdd hove caused the ve~1/,t(1t()r
contac! /Joints to burn. Clean uv yeplace points
os r cquiYe d.
til e
Test Conclusions (Excessive OutjJUt)
When a generator produces excessive voltage
or current, disconnect the lead from the "F"
terminal. 1f the generator output remains high,
with the "F" terminal lead disconnected, then
the trouble is in the generator itself which must
be further analyzed to locate the Source of
trouble.
Since the motor-generator field circuit is
grounded through the reb'lliator, accidental in
ternal g rounding of the field circuit will prevent
norm a l re~lation so that excessive output will
be produced by the generator, On this type of
unit, an internally grounded field circuit which
would cause ex c ess ive output lllay be located by
connec ting a test larnp between th e" FI' termi
nal and the generator frame, Figure 6. All leads
should be disconnected from the" F' terminal
and the brush to which the field lead is connected
inside the generator should b e raised off the
commutator bc-fore this t est is made. U the test
brnp lights, the field is internally grounded. If
the fi eld has l)eCOllle grounded 1)ecause of c\efec
tive insulation on a field lead, repa ir can bp m a d e>
by reinsulatiJ1g; the lead. 1t is also possible to
make repair where a p;rounc\ has occurr ed at
the pol e s ho e s by removillg the field coil s and
reinsulatill)!: th vlll. A f'; l"ound at tile" F' terminal
stud can be l'C'paired by in sta lling new insulating
washoe; or bushings,
I
H th e troubl e has not yet been located.
the armature for open and short circuits.
circuits in th c arll13ture are usually ob
since all arc will occur at th e COtll l11ut3tor
\);11'S CO!lIl(' c tpc\ to tile' op en willding every time
tll ey pass under the gcneL\tor brushes 3nd con
sequently become burn ed. 1f the bars a re not
too badly burned and the open circuit can be
found and repai.red, the armature can usually
be savC'd. When this condition is [ounel, the r(~gLl
btor should be checked and readjusted if n c.'c
(:ssaxy SQ the setting- is within specifications.
4.
check
Open
vious
Lith o in U,S.A.
I
40
15-6
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059-(Apr-67)
Electrical System
Charging System
TESTING ARMATURE
M 5710
Fig . IO-C/,e cki ng Ar ma tu re lor Grounds
M 5769
Fig. 9-Checking Armature lor Short Circuits
Test the armature for opens, shorts and
grounds as follows:
1. SHORTS - Short circuits are located by
rotating the armature in a growler with a steel
strip (hacksaw blade) held on the armature. The
steel strip will vibrate on the area of the short
circuit.
2. GROUNDS - Grounds in th e armature can
be detected by use of a test lamp and prods. Tf
the lamp lights when one test prod is placed on
the commutator and the other test prod on the
armature Core or shaft. the armature is
grounded.
3. OPENS - Inspect the points where the
conductors are joined to the commutator for
loose connections. Poor connections cause arc
ing and burning of the commutator. Refer to
repairs, page 15 -10, if armature has loose con
nections.
IT the commutator is worn, dirty, out of round,
or has high insulation, the commutator should be
turned down and w1dercut.
Litho i.n U,S, A.
TESTING VOLTAGE REGULATOR
The proper testing equipment in the hands of
a qualified mechanic is necessary to assure
proper and accurate regulator settings. Any at
tempt on the part of untrained personnel to ad
just regulators is likely to lead to serious dam
age to the electrical equipment.
After making any generator or regulator tests
or adjustments, the generator s hould be polarized
to avoid damage to equipment. See page 15-18 .
In analyzing complaints of voltage-regulator
operation, any of severa l basic conditions may
be found.
1. Battery Remains Charged with Low Water
Usage - This indicates normal generator
regulator operation. Reglliator settings
may be checked as outlined in the follow
ing sections.
Tractors , Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059-(Apr-67)
2. Battery Remains Charged with High Water
Usage - If the electrolyte level in the
battery drops rapidly to the top of the
separators, it indicates that the current
voltage regulator is not reducing the cur
rent flowing to the battery as it should.
Excessive current flowing to a full y
charged battery will cause serious dam
age in the battery. This operating con
dition may result from:
a. Improper setting of the current-voltage
regulator ill1it.
b. Defective
unit.
current-voltage
regulator
c. Grounded generator field circuit (in
either generator, regulator or wiring).
d. The load and battery leads may be in
terchanged at the regulator terminals.
To determine the cause of trouble, first dis
connect the lead from the regulator t 'F" termi
nal with the generator operating at medium
speed . If the output remains high, the generator
field is grounded either in the generator or in
the wiring. If the generator output stops, the
regulator is probably at fault, and it should be
checked for high current-voltage setting. Refer
to Figure 4, page 5-4, for possibility of inter
changed leads at the "L" and "B" terminals.
3. Battery Remains Low or Discharged
This condition could be due to:
a. Loos e connections or damaged wires.
b . Defective battery (Battery should take
charge and should crank engine).
c. High
drop
lator
ceed
ing.)
circuit reSistance. (Check voltage
between "BAT" terminal of regu
and battery. Drop should not ex
0.15 volts with 3-4 amperes flow
d. Low regulator s e tting.
Litho in U.S.A.
Electrical System
Charging System
40
15-7
e. Damage or defects within the regulator.
f. Defects within the motor-generator.
g. Continuous loads in excess of generator
capacity.
If Generator Shows Some Output - With gen
erator operating at medium speed, a charge rate
of 1 to 3 amperes is normal with fully charged
battery at normal operating temperatures. If
battery is in a discharged condition or is ex
tremely hot, charge rate will be considerably
higher. If condition of battery indicates that
charge rate is too low, momentarily ground
"FIELD" terminal of regulator. If output shows
a strong increase, trouble is probably due to low
setting of current-voltage regulator unit or to
dirty contact points in regulator. If output does
not increase, generator is probably at fault and
should be checked. Refer to Figures 6, 7, and 8.
If Generator Shows No Output - With genera
tor operating at medium speed, momentarily
connect a jumper between "GENERATOR" and
"BATTERY" terminals of regulator. If genera
tor shows output, the relay is at fault. If genera
tor does not Show output, momentarily ground
"FIELD" terminal or generator. If generator
now shows output, regulator is at fault. If genera
tor still does not show output, the generator is
at fault and should be checked.
4. Damaged Resistor - If the resistor at
tached beneath the regulator is broken or
otherwise damaged, the contact points of
the current-voltage regulator unit soon
become burned. This condition results in
a low generator output. Whenever a re
sistor is replaced it will usually be found
necessary to clean the contact points in
order to restore satisfactory operation.
5. Damage Within the Regulator - This may
be due to reversed generator polarity.
Generator polarity must be corrected, as
explained under" Polarizing Generator, "
page 15-18, after any checks of the regu
lator or generator, or after disconnecting
and reconn e cting leads.
40
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059-(Apr-67)
Electrical System
Charging System
15-8
TESTING REGULATOR
The electrical settings of the cutout relay a.nd
the current-voltage regulator unit may be
checked either on or off the tractor without re
moving the regulator cover. When bench checks
are made, the regulator must be connected only
to a generator of the type for which it is designed.
Results obtained with any other type of generator
will be meaningless. When the regulator is
checked on a tractor, all loads (including igni
tion) connected to the "L" terminal must be
switched off. To furnish ignition current during
tests for electrical settings , use a jumper lead
to connect free end of battery lead direct to
primary terminal of ignition coil (switch side).
TESTING CURRENT-VOLTAGE REGULATOR
UNIT SETTING
VARIArJ LE RE S ISTAl , cr
Z S OHf1 - 2 ::l l {ITT
REGUL AT OR
7
~HM
,ow
S7/~
Fr X E~
~[ S r S rAN C E
GE '1(::", T OP.
1
Fig , II-Fixed ReSistance , Variable Resistance and
Voltmeter Connections for Checking Curr ent .Voltage
Regulator Unit Electrical Setting
L itho in U.S.A.
To check the electrical setting of the current
voltage regulator unit, disconnect the lead from
the "BATTERY" terminal of the regulator and
connect a fixed resistor from the "BATTERY"
terminal of regulator to "GROUND" on the re
gulator base, Figure 11. The system also re
quires a 7-0hm fixed resistor as shown in
Figures 11 and 12.
Disconnect the lead from the" FIELD" ter
minal of the regulator, and connect a variable
resistance (25-0hm-25 watt) in series between
the lead and the' 'FIELD" terminal. The variable
resistance must have an "open" pOSition at the
extreme left end of its travel, Figure 11.
Connect a low reading test voltmeter between
the "BATTERY" terminal of the regulator and
"GROUND" at the base of the regulator. For
this check, the regulator must be stabilized at
operating temperature, otherwise the results
are of no value. To stabilize the regulator,
operate the generator at a speed of 2500 rpm
for at least 15 minutes with the fixed resistor
connected and the knob of the variable resistance
turned to the right so that the resistance is
entirely cutout.
With the generator operating at 2500 rpm a.nd
all electrical load (including ignition) discon
nected from the "L" terminal of the regulator ,
slowly turn the operating knob of the variable
resistance to the left until the circuit is broken
at the "open" pOSition. Then turn the knob back
to the right slowly until the resistance is en
tirely cutout. Note the voltage setting. If the
check is repeated, the knob on the variable re
sistance must be turned to the "open" pOSition
each time before the voltage is again raised.
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
8M -2059 -(Apr-57)
TESTING CUTOUT RELAY CLOSING VOLT AGE
. rl/< l ill L[ ~I o l ~ li'.i1!.
2 ~ 0 if f'l- ! " \.) ,\ T T
Electrical System
Charging System
40
15-9
To check the cutout relay closing voltage. turn
the knob of th e variable resistance to th e ri gh t
until the resistance is entirely cutout, and start
the generator.
Ad.iust the generator speed to approximately
2500 rpm . Slowly turn the knob of the variable
resistance t o the left until the " op en " position
is reached and the field circuit is br oken. Then
turn the knob slowly to the right so that the
generator voltage rises slowly until the relay
closes. (Closing of the relay is indicated by a
sha rp drop in voltage.) Note the clOSing voltage.
VOL H i[TfH
7 O ~' i ' rl XED P ES I ST ANct.
M Sill
Fig. 12-Fixed Resistance, Varioble Resistonce ond
Vol/ttlet er Connections for Checking Cutout
Relo y Closing Vol/age
The cutout relay closing voltage check should
be made imm ed iately after the current-voltage
r egu lator unit check while the regulator is sta
bilized at operating temperature.
Electrical connections for this test are ex
actly like those for the current-voltage unit
check except that the voltmeter is connected
from the "A" terminal of the generator to
"GnOUND" as shown in Figure 12.
L ith o i.n
.S. I\.
If the check is repeated, the knob on the vari
able resistance must be turned to the' 'open"
position each time (so that the field circuit is
broken) before raiSing the voltage to the closing
point of th e relay. This is nece ssa ry to elimi
nat e the effects of residual magnetism.
40
15-10
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059- (Apr-57)
Electrical System
Charging System
REPAIR
MOTOR -G ENERATOR
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
-
Brushes
Motor-Generator Complete
Commutator End Frame
Commutator End Bearing
Bru.h (2 used)
Brush Arm (2 used)
Bru s h Spring (2 used)
Armature
L.H. Field Coil (3 / 16 " OD Wire)
R.H. Field Coil (3/32" OD Wire)
Drive End Bearing
Drive End Frame
Thru Bolt (2 used)
Pulley
Shaft Washer
Shaft Nut
Machine Screw (2 used)
Fig . 13-Expfodcd View of Motor-Generator
C leaning Parts
Disassemble motor-generator and clean parts
with compressed air and a dry cloth. Never
clean parts in a degreasing tank or by use of
degreas ing compounds since this might damage
insulation so that a short or ground would
subsequently develop.
.'1
,;
Fig. 15 - Testing Bru s h Spring T ens ion
Check brushes to make sure they are not
binding in the brush holder and that they are
resting at the proper angle a nd are making a
good firm contact on the commutator.
Brushes wo rn down to one-half their original
length when compa red with new ones , should be
replaced.
The brush spring tension should be as stated
in specifications, page 15-19. Excessive tension
will cause rapid brush and cornmutator wea r.
while insufficient tension will result in arcing
and burning of the brushes and commutator.
Brush spring tensi on can be checked with a
spring gauge hooked on the brush arm as Shown
in Figure 15.
Litho in U. S. A.
Electrical System
Charging System
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059-(Apr -67)
Correction in tension can be made by bending
the brush spring as required. If the brush spring
shows evidence of overheating by appearing
blued or burned, a new spring should be installed .
O v e rheating will cause a spring to l ose its tem
per. Ii the brushes are worn down to one-half
their original length, when compared with new
brushes, they should be replaced,
/
\
13rllsh Holders
M >71 1
F ig. 17-Cleoni"g Commutator
Fi'1. 16 - /n s tol/i"9 Brush Ho/d",s
The brush holder assemblies are mounted
on the inside of the generator frame, Figure 16.
Replace damaged brush holders. To remove
brush hold r(s), drill out rivets holding them to
frame. Secure new holders to frame with scr ew s,
nuts an d washers provid e d in the replac(-~ l11ent
package .
Armatur e
When inspecting the motor-generator, also
note the condition of the cOl1ll1)uta tor. If. the com
mutator is p;lazed or dirty. it can b e cleaned by
placing the armature in a lathe. While the arrl1a
ture is rotating. hold a strip of number 00 s:lnd
pap e r lightly against the commutator, moving the
sandpaper hlCk and forth. Figure 17.
Blowout all dust aft e r sanding the commuta
tor. If the commutator is rough, out of round, has
high mica, or is extrell1f'ly dirty . it will rC'C[uire
"turning down " in a lath e and the mic.a unctercllt
bet w e n the b:lrs.
Li tho in
. S. A.
1 -
Operating Handle
2 - R <,m ovol Sc ,ew
3 - Clump Wing Nut
~ -
To ol·Adjusting Nut
F, ame
6 - Mond,el
7 - Lock Wing Nut
8 - Commutator
5 -
Fig.
18- Tu rn Ing Down
GenC' ru for ComnlUta,o(
40
15-11
40
15-12
Electrical System
Charging System
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059 -(Apr-67)
Field Cuils
Ir
i
Fig. 19-Undercu//ing Mica
U tests indicate that the armature is suitable
for service, turn down commutator and undercut
mica with a lathe or by uSing a tool as shown in
Fi6rures 18 and 19.
\t
t.
Use a strip of 00 sandpaper to polish tbe
commutator. Do not use emery cloth .
If the commutator
is worn, dirty, out of
round, has high insulation or if leads are re
soldered in the riser bars. the commutator
should be turned down. Follow tool manufac
turer's instructions .
End Frame B earings
\I
F ig . 22 - l n 5 10 1l Ing F,,,fd C o rl s
Fig. 20 - /ns/olling Bearing in End Froll,e
Press b earing- in end framE' as shown in
Fi[!;ure 20. Bearing- must be flush with interior
of ( ~ nd fral1le.
Litho in U.S. A.
The field coils should be checked for grounds,
opens or shorts as pre vi 0 us 1 y explained.
Grounded field coils may som etimes be repaired
by removing them so they can be reinsulated.
Care must be used to avoid excessive bulkin es s
when applying new insulation since this might
cause the pole shoe to cut throug-h and cause
another ground when the coils ar e reinstalled .
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and ll2
SM-2059-(Apr-67)
-----."
-::--.--
•
"'
40
15-13
spreader should also be used when reass embling
the field coils and pole s hoes into the field frame,
Figure 24.
VOLTAGE REGULATOR
"4 •
Electrical System
Charging System
•
~
---- ~
i
i
Careful assembly is necessary to prevent
shorting' or grounding of the field coils when
pole shoes are tightened into place.
NOT E: Be sure to polarize ge nerator as ex
plained on page 15-18.
In many cases, regulator trouble can be elim
inated by a simple cleaning of the contact points,
plus some possible readjustm e nt. The points
should b e cleaned with a spoon or riffle file.
Never use emery cloth or sandpaper to clean th e
contact points.
The current-voltage unit by its action pro
tects the electrical system from high voltage
and prevents excessive charge rat es to a fully
charged battery.
1 - Cov er
2 - Cov e r Sc rew (2 used
3 - Insulating Washer (2 used)
4 - Go ske t
- Spring
- R ela y Screw
- Regulating Screw
- In s ulating Washer
9 - T ermi nal Screw (4 used)
10 - Terminal Clomp (4 used)
11 - Regulator Contact
12 - Bushing
13 - Lock Washer
14 - Contact Screw (2 used)
15 - Re sisto r
16 - Armature Screw (2 used)
17 - Armature
5
6
7
8
Fi g. 23-Exploded View of V o ltage Regu/otor
Usually, if a field coll is open or Shorted in
ternally, it must be r ep laced since it is difficult
to repair such a defect.
Field co ils can be removed from the fi e ld
frame most easily by the use of a pole shoe
screwdriver. This tool permits easy loosening
and removal of the pole shoe SCrews so that the
pole shoes and field coils can be taken out of
th e field frame. When loos ening the pole shoe
screws, it is also advisable to use a pole shoe
spreader, since this prevents distortion of the
field frame. The pole shoe screwdriver and
Litho in U.S.A.
Before removing regulator, disconnect bat
t e ry ground cable at battery to prevent injur"y
or damage to system from sparks. Always i
dentify leads with a piece of tap e . This will as
sure connecting proper lead(s) to th e ir respec
tive terminal on the voltage regulator.
Never set the regulator outside specified
limits. Always ref e r to speCifications.
Always make sure that the rubber g'asket is
in place and compressed when replacing cover.
The gasket prevents entrance of moisture, dust,
and oil vapors which might damage the regulator.
CAUTION: NEVER use a regulator desIgned
to be used with a positive grounded battery .
After any generator or regulator tests or
adjustments. the generator should be polarized
to avoid damage to eqUipme nt, page 15-18.
The cutout relay requires three checks and
adjustments: air gap, pOint opening and clOSing
voltage. The air g'a)) and point opening adjust
ments are made with the battery disconnected.
The current-voltage unit requires two checks
and adjustments: a ir gap and voltage setting.
40
15-14
Electrical System
Charging System
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059-(Apr-67)
Cutout Relay-Air Gap
,
Fig. 24-Cutout Relay Ai, Gop Check and Adjustments
Battery must be disconnected when the air
gap setting is made.
Fig. 25-Cutout Relay Point Openin9 Check and
Adjustment
Closing l'ol/ar;e
Place fingers on armature directly above
core and move armature down until points just
close, and then measure air gap between artna
ture and center of core, Figure 24. To adjust
air gap, loosen two screws at back of relay and
raise or lower armature as required. Tighten
screws after adjustment. Refer to specifications,
page 15-19, for proper air gap.
Point OPening
Battery must be disconnected when the pOint
setting is made.
Check point opening and adjust by bending the
upper armature stop, Figure 25. Refer to speci
fications, page 15-19, for proper relay point
opening.
Fig. 26-Adjusfing Cutout Relay Closing Yoltage
Adjust cloSing voltage by turning adjusting
screw, Figure 26. Turn screw clockwise to in
crease spring tension and closing voltage, and
turn counterclockwise to decrease cloSing volt
age.
Litho in U.S.A.
Electrical System
Charging System
Tractors, Lawn a nd Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059- (Apr- 6 7)
40
15-1 5
Cuyyenl- Voliage - Air Gap
'.
The current-voltage unit requires two checks
and adjustments: air gap and voltage setting.
"
\t
... ..
F ig . 28 - Ad justing Voltage Sett ing of C u rrent .
Voltage R egu lator Unit
Fig . 27 - Current · Voltoge Un it Air Gop Ch eck and
Adjustment
To check air gap, push armature down until
the co ntact points are just touching, and the n
measure air gap, Figure 27. Adjust by loos e nin g
contact mounting screws a nd raising or low e ring
contact bracket as requir ed. Be sure points are
lined up, and tighten screws after adjustment.
Voltage Se Lling
Adjust voltage setting by turning adjusting
screw, Figure 28. Turn screw c lockw ise to in
c rease voltage setting and counterclockwise to
decrease voltage setting. After each adjustment,
set co ver in place before checking setting.
CAUTION: If adjusting screw Is turned down
(clockwise) beyond normal range required for
adjustment, spring support may fall to return
when pressure Is relieved. In this case, turn
screw counterclockwise until sufficient clear
ance develops between screw head and spring
support, then bend spring support upward care
fu lIy with small pliers until contact I s made with
screw head. Final setting of unit should always
be approached by Increasing spring tension,
by reducing It. In other words, If setting Is found
to be too high, unit should be adjusted below re
quired value and then raised to exact setting by
Increasing spring tension. Be sure screw Is
exerting force on hanger.
Litho in U.S.A.
Regulator Sp-rinf{ Replaceme1zl
When installing a new spring on units of this
type, care must be taken to avoid bending or
distorting spring supports or armature hinge.
Spring should preferably be hooked at the lower
end first and then stretched upward by means of
a screwdriver blade ins e rted between the turns,
or by the us e of any other suitable tool, until
uppe r end of sprincr can be hooked. Do not try to
pry upper end of s pring over spring s upport.
Make connections as in Figure 28, and adjust a s
described under "Voltage Setting" at left.
40
15- 16
Electrical System
Charging System
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059-(Apr-67)
Regulatoy Polarity
The 110 and 112 Tractor use a voltage regu
lator designed for use with negative grounded
batteries while other regulators are designed for
use with positive grounded batteries. Using the
wrong polarity regulator will cause the regulator
contact pOints to deteriorate and give short life.
Care must be used to avoid interchanging' the
two types in service.
1/
Fig . 29 - Leller "NO. Indicates Negative Grounded
Battery
ASSEMBL Y
MOTOR-GENERATOR
grease. Assembl e comrnutator end frame
to armature and main frame. Dowel in
commutator end frame must correspond
with notch in main fra me.
4, Insert thru bolts and torque accordinf; to
specifications, page 15-19.
Al otor-GeneyatoF
\f
•
Fig. 30 - A sse mbling Motor.Generator
Assemble motor-generator as follows:
1. Place armature in a vise with soft jaws.
Pack drive end frame bearing with high
temperature wheel bearing g rease , Refer
to specifications for prov e r type grease.
Assemble drive end frame with bearing.
pulley, lock washer and !lut to armature
shaft. Refer to specifications, page 15-19,
for armature nut torque, tighten accord
ingly . Remove armature from vise.
2. Slip armature into main frame. Dowel in
drive end frame must correspond with
hole in main fram e .
3. Pac k commutator end frame bearing with
hi gh temperature wheel hearing grea se.
Refer to specificJ.tions for proper typ e
Litho in U.S.A ,
nracl~et
~
f"1 '/l'T
'\-1
/ Ul T
f •
Fig . 31 - Add Shim Betwe e n End Frome and Support
When assembling support to motor-generator
having one long pivot bolt, be sure to place a
0.005- or O.OIO-inch shim washer in the space
between the starter support and commutator end
frame, Figure 31.
Excessive clearanc e between the parts will
ca use pivot bolt failure due to engine vib ration.
Tractors, Lawn and Gard en - 110 and 112
SM-20 59- (Apr-57)
El e ctrical System
C ha rging System
40
15- 17
ELECTHTCAL CONNECTIONS
Rder to Figure 32 to m a ke electrical con
nections. Als o r efer to th e illustrati ons in Gr oup
5.
NOTE: When Yemol'illf[ and replacillgregulo
/onvire onl10 TY([c/o rs (Se rial No.
<:.'150) ,
r e wire Ye![,ulator as e).."Plained on page 20-1 of
Sec/ion 40.
Fig . 32 - Connecting Motor . Generator and Voltage
R C9 ul ator
ADJUSTMENTS
MOTOR-G E NERATOR BELT TEl,;SION
T he motor- g nera t or belt will r equ ire ti ght
eni ng whenever the e ngine fails to turn ove r when
th e ign ition is turn ed on and starter is running.
Ti ghten cap screw t o hold motor-g-eneratc)l'
in this pos ition t o maintain pr o per t ens ion.
(112 Tr a ctor)
When belt Slippage is first noticed, tighten be lt
imm edia t ely to prevent excess ive belt we ar.
(110 Tractor)
Fig . 34 - Adju s ting B elt Tension on 112 Troctor
'-
U. e un ive rsal so .ke t extens ion t o l oosen and
tighten cap s c rew on 11 2 Tra c to r.
Fig . 33 -
A d ju sting B elt T e n,ion on
lID Tract or
Lo os e n cap scr e w on brack t, Figure 33.
P la e pr y bar betw ee n engine b1 0 k and motor
g n r a t or hOUSi ng . Do not allow e nd of ha l' t o c on
t act s hr ouding . DOin g SO will h nd sh r oud ing.
Move m ot or- ge ne r a to r ba c k until a 15 p OUllcl
p re ssu re m idway betw ee n th sheav s deflects
the belt 1/ 4-inctl.
L itho in U . S.A.
d just belt t e ns ion as expl a in ed a t le ft for
110 Trac tor.
40
15-18
Electrical System
Charging System
POLARIZING GENERATOR
Alter reconnecting leads, momentarily con
nect a jumper lead between the' 'BATTERY" ter
minal of regulator and" ARMATURE" terminal
of generator. This allows a momentary surge of
current to flow through the generator which cor
rectly polarizes it. Reversed polarity may result
in vibration, arcing and burning of the relay con
tact points.
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059-(Apr-67)
CAUTION: Operate the regulator with these
connections only during cold weather and when
operating periods are short or Infrequent. Re
establish the orlglnai lead connections as soon
as mild weather returns, or operation time be
comes normal, otherwise the battery will be
damaged by overcharge.
For ease in bypassing the current-voltage
feature of the regulator, an external adjustment
can be installed as shown in Figure 35.
EMERGENCY WINTER OPERATION
The external adjustment unit shown in Figure
35 can be purchased from any United Delco-Remy
service station under package No. 1951938.
fig.
35 - Increasing Regulator Voltage
During winter operation, if rundown batteries
are repeatedly experienced and the condition is
found to be due to short or infrequent engine op
eration, it is advisable to increase temporarily
the operating voltage of the reg-ulator.
A simple method of increasing voltage is to
disconnect the lead to regulator "BAT" terminal
and reconnect this lead to the regulator "L"
terminal. The reconnection bypasses the cur
rent- voltage feature of the regulator, automa tic
ally allowing an increase in the operating voltage
and increasing the amount of charge to the bat
tery.
Litho in U. s. A.
Ele c trical System
Charging Syste m
Tra c t o rs, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM- 2059- (Apr-67)
40
15- 19
SP ECIFICAT IONS
MOTOR-GENERATOR
Delco
Field
M o tor -
Rotati on
Brush
S pr ing
Ge n erat o r
V i e w in g
T e nsi o n
Model
D.E.
Circuit
Spec .
No.
(Ol)
Curren
1101974
C
A
3102
24-32
1101970
C
A
3101
24-32
t
0
80 F.
AMPS
Co ld
Outp ut
80 0 F.
VOLTS AMPS VOL TS AV.RPM . V o lts
1.45
1.57
1. 52
1.62
NO-LOAD TEST
Av.
AMPS
Max.
AMPS
Min.
Max.
RPM
RPM
12
10
14
5450
11
13
18
2500
2900
12
12
14
4950
11
12
18
2500
2900
The following spe c ifi c ations a re for Mode l 1101974 and Mod e l 1101970 Motor-G e nerators .
ITEM
WEAR TOLERANCE
Brushes
R epl a ce when worn to 1/2 of
orip;inal length.
Bru s h, Spril1g(s)
Replace if blu e d or burned.
Refe r to chart above for spring
brush tension.
Co mmutator
R e f e r to spec ification chart
supplie d by t e st equipm e nt
manufa c turer and use appropriat e
control s e ttings for armature
b e ing t este d.
Fi e ld Coils
Refe r to spec ifications chart
suppli e d by test e quipm e nt
manufa c tur e r .
VOLTAGE REGULATOR
VOL TAGE REGULATOR
CUTOUT RELAY
Regulat or
Model
1118979
Circ u it P ola rity
" A"
N
Air
P o int
Gop
Open ing
( in)
(in)
Closi ng
V o lt ag e
Range
A d jus t
Air
Gap
To
( in)
Loc a ti on
Thru Bolts
Arma ture- Pulley Nut
Litho in U. S. A.
Ad ju s t
To
0.020 0.020 11.8 to 14 Volts 12.8 Volts 0.075 13.6 t o 14.5 Volts 14 Volts
TORQUE FOR HARDWARE
Mo~or-G e nerator
Setting
Range
TUNE UP DATA
Torque
Item
170- 200 il1-1 bs
Fram e bearings
40 ft-IOO
Spe c ific ations
Cle a n a nd repa c k when
brushe s are replaced,
or every 1000 hrs., which
ever occurs first. Use
John Deere AT17659T
High Temperature
Grease.
40
15-20
El?ctrical System
Charging System
Tractors, Law n and Garden - 110 a nd 112
SM-2059- (Apr-67)
SPECIAL TOOLS
No .
Us e
Tachometer
Ste wart- Warner 757- W
Measures ar mature rpm or free spe e d.
Check amperes.
Volt-Amp T es ter
Snap-On MT-316A
Check voltage and ampere s.
Rheostat
Snap-On MT-316A
To vary resistance when making re g
ulator test a nd adjustments.
Circuit-Spark T es t er
Snap-On CT-6
Circuit checks.
7 OHM Fixed Resistan ce
Delco-Remy
To chec k electrical settings of the
cur rent- voltage regula tor.
Feeler Gauge
Delco-Remy
T o check point opening.
Armature Stop T ool
Delco-Remy
To adjust upper a rmature stop.
Wir e Feeler Gauge
Delco-Remy
To c heck air ga p.
Regulator Point File
Snap-On HB-2470
Clean contact points.
Voltag-e Regula tor Riffle File
Snap-On HB-1997
Clean contact points.
Na me
Litho in U. S. A.
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM -2059-(Apr-67)
Electrical System
Electrical Accessories
40
20-1
Group 20
ELECTRICAL ACCESS ORIES
HEADLIGHTS
Fi g. 2-Rewiring Regulator For I ncrca c d
Ek c trica/load. 110 Tro ctors(
.3550)
Fig. I-A dius ting Head lights
Turn adjusting nut, Figure 1 to regulate di
rection of light beam. Tighten nuts firmly.
Rewiring l'oltage Regu lator (
-3550)
When headlight s are installed on 110 Tra c tors
(Serial No.
-3550), or other electrical equip
ment is connected to the accessory lead, it is
very important to r ew ire the volta ge regulator
as indicated in Figure 2. The rewiring will allow
the regulator to compensate for the increased
e lectrical load.
Ir and Outer Springs
Spool Spacer
O·Ring (3 used)
Control Valve O·Ring (2 uscd)
Control Valve O·Ring Kit
Spool
Pin
Control Valve Assembly
O·Ring lor Connecter (2 used)
Control Valve Connectors (2 used)
Lower Hose>, 30" Long
Upper HOH, 27 !~" Long
Cylinder Brocket
Colter P in (4 used)
Cylinder Pin (2 used)
Tapping Screw (2 used)
Hydraulic Cylinder
Locking Clip
Cylinder Connector
Cop Screw (3 used)
Lilt Check Plunger
Lift Check Spring
27 - Lilt Check Plug
60
10-2
Hydraulic System
Control Valve
REMOVlNG VALVE FROM TRACTOR
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059-(Apr-67)
REMOVING VALVE ASSEMBLY FROM PUMP
Lower equipment to ground and with engine
stopped, move control lever up and down to re
lease all pressure in system.
Wipe all dirt from connections on valve body.
Disconnect hoses at valve body. Cap connections
on valve body and plug hoses.
Loosen idler, remove drive belt, drive sheave
and key. Remove two mounting bolts.
Fig. 4-Separating Valve Assembly From Pump
Remove valve assembly from pump by re
moving three cap screws, Figure 4, which hold
valve assembly to pump back plate.
Discard O-rings between the valve body and
pump back plate.
DISASSEMBLING VALVE
Fig. 3-Spool Hooked to (ontrol Li n kage Arms
Twist unit to disconnect end of spool from
control bracket arms, Figure 3, and remove
hydraulic unit.
Thoroughly wash outside of assembly with
clean, safe cleaning solvent.
Drain reservoir before removing valve as
sembly from pump body.
Fig. 5-Removing (ross Pin From Spool
Rest small diameter of spool end on a par
tially closed vise and very carefully remove
crosspin, Figure 5.
CAUTION: Use special care to prevent mar
rIng or bendIng spool.
Litho in U. S. A.
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 11 0 and 112
SM-2059-(Apr-67)
Hydraulic System
Control Valve
60
10-3
S',
R!'.C;
b
U I'"
Fig. 6-Removing Valve Spool From Valve Body
Fig. 8-Removing Spool Cer>tering Springs
Remove cap and snap ring from valve body.
Pull valve spool out spring end of valve body,
Figure 6.
Do not r emove bolt from spool unless springs
are broken.
Ir
T
I •
Insert punch through hole in spool and clamp
spool in a vise with soft jaws, Figure 8.
IMPORTANT: Apply heat to threaded end of
spool, Figure 8, before attempting to remove
sh01.l.,lder bolt from spool.
Clean and dry a ll parts thoroughly and in
spect parts for wear and damage. Clean O-ring
grooves in valve body of all foreign matter, Fig
ure 7.
", II II
Fig. 7-Removing a.Rings and Lift Check Assembly
Remove and discard O-rings from inside di
ameter of each end of spool bore, Figure 7.
With a large screwdriver or impact tool,
loosen and remove plug, lift check spring and
plunger. Discard O-ring from slotted plug.
Litho in U. S. A.
60
Hydraulic System
10-4 Control Valve
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059- (Apr-57)
ASSEMBLY
INSPECTION
VALVE HOUSING
NOTE: Replace all control valve O-ri/1.{!,'S with
new a-rings whenever the valve is disasst:mbled
jor service.
INSTALLING O-RINGS IN VALVE BODY
"
Fig. 9-Checking Valve Housing fa, Weo , and Damage
Check valve housing for cracks or damaged
threads. Inspect inside diameter of valve for
scratches or excessive wear, Figure 9.
The lift check seat is machined into the valve
body. Inspect lift check seat in body for damage,
Figure 9. It is important that the lift che ck seat
be smooth.
SPOOL PLUNGER AND SPRINGS
\l h '
Fig. II-Valve Body D-R i ngs
Apply oil to new O-rings and install in valve
body, Figure 11. Always use new O-rings.
INSTALLING LIFT CHECK PLUG
Fig . IO-lnspecting Valvt! Components
Remove burrs from spool with fine emery
cloth. Inspect spool for wear, scratches or other
damage. The housing and spool must always be
replaced as a matched assembly.
Inspect lift check pitll1ger, Figure 10, for
scratches or unevenness of seating surface .
Whenever lift check seat is scratched or pit
ted, dress seat surface until plunger seating
area is smooth and even.
Inspect inner and outer spool centering
springs for breakage or excessive weakness. Re
place weak or broken springs.
Litho in U.S.A.
'f
" ..
Fig. 12-Lift Check Plug Assembly
Install new O-ring on lift check plug, Figure
12. If lift check plunger or spring is damaged,
replace them. Install lift check plunger and lift
check spring in valve body and secure with lift
check plug, Figure 12. Tighten plug firmly .
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM- 2 059- (Apr- 67)
Hydraulic System
Control Valve
INST ALLING SPOOL
f
II
"r
Y -
60
10-5
I ' )
--:
Fig. IS-Installing Snap Ring
At fjJ:
Fig. 13-Spool Assembly
If valve housing is to be replaced, a new spool
mus t be used becaus e the valve body and s po ol
are a matched assembly. If spool c e ntering
springs are broken or show signs of cracking,
use ne w s prings.
Secure spool assembly in valve body with snap
ring, Figure 15.
Place
ap on s pring end of valve body.
If spool has been disa ss emble d, place spool
in vise with soft jaws an d s e cure inner and outer
s p rin gs to spool with was her' nd s houl der bolt,
F igu r e 13. Apply loctite or equivalenttothreads
of shoulder bolt.
Refer to tor qu e specifications on page 10-7
and torque spool c entering sp r ing bolt a cc ord
ingly.
Fig . 16-lnstalling Cro •• P in in Spool
Res t s m all end of spool on partially closed
vi e , Figure 16, and ins t all cross pin.
Fi g 17- Val uc Body a ·R lngs
Fig. 14-ln s talli ng S pool
App ly greas to O-ri ngs in spool bor an d in
se r t spool assembly from spring end of va lve
body, Figu r e 14. Ins ert spool slowly while ro
tating spool s o as n ot to c ut O-ring 3S spool
lands pass th roug h 0- ring.
Litho in
. S. A.
Wipe a lig ht fil m of c l ea n gre a se on 0- r ings
an d place O-rings on va lve body , F igur e 17.
60
10-6
Hydraulic System
Control Valve
INSTALLING VALVE ASSEMBLY ON PUMP
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059- (Apr-67)
INST ALLING ON TRACTOR
/
Fig. 20-Attaching Hydraulic Base
Fig . 18-lnstalling Valve Assembly to Pump Back Plate
Position hydraulic base on engine making sure
washers and fiber washers are positioned as
shown in inset, Figure 20.
With new 0- rings between valve body and back
plate, secure valve assembly to pump back plate
with three cap screws, Figure 18.
Refer to torque chart Section 10, "Specifica
tions, I I and tighten three cap screws accordingly.
Fig. 21-ln5tolliog Pump, Valve and Reservoir to
Level and Mouotiog Bracket
Position end of spool in lever arms and se
cure front plate to bracket with two bolts, lock
washers and nuts, Figure 21.
Fig . 19-Hose Connectors
Place new 0- rings on connectors and screw
connectors into valve body, Figure 19. Tighten
connectors firmly.
Litho in U.S.A.
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM- 2059- (Apr- 67)
Hydraulic System
Control Valve
60
10-7
Install key in shaft, install sheave on shaft and
secure with elastic stop nut. Install drive belt.
Adjust drive belt tension, page 15-8.
Refer to Figure 2 and connect hoses to valve
a ssembly. Fill r e s e rvoir with flUid, p a ge 5- 3.
Refer to Se ction 10 for Hydraulic System ca
pac ity.
Fig. 22-lnslolling Drive Components
TORQUE FOR HARDWARE
Torque
Location
60-65 in. lbs.
Spool shoulder bolt
Valve body cap screws
7-10 ft. lbs.
SPECIAL TOOLS
Nome
No .
Us e
Retaining Ring Pliers
OTC 1120
Removing snap ring from valve
body.
Litho in U.S.A.
60
10-8
Hydraulic System
Control Valve
Litho in U.S. A.
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
S~-2059-(Apr-67)
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059 - (Apr-67)
Hydraulic System
Pump
60
15-1
Group 15
PUMP
GENERAL INFORMATION
With a contr ol valve in the oil line, oil is di
rected to the cylinder for raising and lowering
equipment.
The pressure in the system is determined by
the relief valve setting. If pressure is too great,
the relief valve will channel the excess oil di
rectly back to the reservoir.
F ig . 2-Diophragm, Gosk e ts and Diaphragm Seal
Fig. I-Cross Section af Geor Pump
The gear pump with pressure loaded wear
plate consists of a drive gear and an idler gear
in a closely fitted housing, Figure 1.
When the pump is in operation, the pump drive
turns the drive gear which in turn rotates the
idler gear. Oil enters the suction port from the
reservoir and is trapped beeween the gear teeth
and the closely fitted housing. As the teeth come
together at the opposite side of the pump, the oil
is displaced and forced out through the pressure
port. The volume of oil the pump delivers is
dependent upon the speed at which the gears turn.
Litho in U.S.A.
Gear end clearance is kept at a minimum by
means of a thin, flexible bronze faced steel plate.
This plate is called a diaphragm since it actua lly
flexes to reduce gear end c lear ance, rather than
the entire plate moving as is common with ordi
nary wear plates.
The diaphragm is kept in contact with the gear
ends by hydraulic pressure which is carefully
controlled. The area behind the wear plate is
divided into pie shaped compartments by a spe
cial mould e d rubber diaphragm seal, protector
gasket and backup gasket.
The diaphragm seal has a spok e -like pattern
running around the gear shafts with intercon
nected "V"-grooves. This seal fits into a cor
responding pattern of grooves in the front plate
60
15-2
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059- (Apr-57)
Hydraulic System
Pump
GENERAL INFORMATION-Continued
with the "V" down. The protector gasket and
backup gasket fit on the top of the diaphragm
seal being the same general pattern as the seal.
The purpose of these gaskets is to prevent ex
trusion of the seal into the space between the
diaphragm and the front plate .
When the pump is in operation, oil from the
pressure port is forced w1der the diaphragm seal
and is distributed by the interconnecting" V"
groove in the seal. This oil pressure forces the
gaskets against the wear plate, thus dividing the
area under the wear plate into pie shaped seal
compartments.
A small hole 1s drilled through the diaphr agm
into each compartment. These connect th e small
chambers formed by the gear teeth to the com
partments under the wear plate. Becaus e of the
location of these holes, the pressure under the
diaphragm is slightly hi gher than the con'es
ponding section in the gear chamber. Conse
quently, the diaphragm is always kept in close
contact with the gear ends, compensating for de
flection from pressure, thermal expansion or
wear. This greatly incre a ses pump efficiency.
REPAIR
1 - Fronl Plale
2 - Steel Boll (2 used)
3 - Check Spring (2 used )
4 -
5
6
7
8
-
Cap Screw (2 used)
Diaphragm Seal
Proteclor Gaske t
Backup Gasket
Diaphragm
9 - Key
10 - Drive Shaft and Gear
11 - Idler Shaft and Gear
12 - Body and Dowel
13 - Dowel (2 used)
14 - Bock Plate Assembly
15 - Relief Valve Seat
16 - Steel Ball
17 Relief Valve Adapte r
Relief Valve Spring
Relief Valve Shim
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
O-Ring
He,_ Hd. Plug
Filt", Replacement Kit
Aluminum Washers (4 used)
Filter Gasket
12-Point Cap Screws (4 u sed)
Internal Toolh Washer (6 used)
Machine Screw (6 used )
Filter
29 O-Rin g
30 Filler Plug
31 Reser voir
32 Drive Shaft Seal
F ig. 3-Explodcd Vicw of Hydraul ic Pump and Rc.ervoir
Litho 1n U. S. A.
Hydraulic System
Pump
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059- (Apr-67)
60
15-3
SEPARATING PUMP
REMOVING PUMP FROM TRACTOR
Refer to page 10-2 to remove pump, valve
and reservoir assembly from tractor. Th e con
trol valve requires removal onlywben backplate
is being replaced.
INSTALLING BAFFLE PLATE
I
'L
" i'
F ig. S-Seporoling Front Plal e, Body and Ba ck Plate
)
Before separating pump a ssembly, scribe a
clear line across outside of pump assembly,
Figure 5. This will assure proper reassembly.
Remove
screws.
Fig . 4-Bafflc Inslo jled in Bock Plale
reservoir
and four 12-point cap
Tap against front plate, Figure 5, to separate
front plate, body and back plate. Do not use sharp
tools or screwdriver to separate parts.
If oil spewing from the filler- breather plug
has been detected, it is not nec e ssary to separate
th e pump to correct this condition.
This condition is sometimes found on 110H
Tractors (40001-68793) and 112H Tractors
-6727) when return oil enters the r e servoir
above the normal level.
'4
r
r ttP"",
.1 '
Tt
La te r mode Is have a baffle cove ring the re
turn port or the return port may be relocated and
the old port plugged with a ball.
Correct oil spewing on earlier models by in
stalling a baffle, Figure 4, over the r e turn port.
The baffle, including assembly instructions, is
available as a parts item.
Fig. 6 - Re maving Seal
Place a screwdriver under the diaphragm
seal, Figure 6, being ca reful not to damage front
plate. Lift diaphragm seal and gaskets from
plate. Discard diaphragm seal and gaskets.
Litho in U.S.A.
60
Hydraulic Sy s tem
15-4
Pump
T r~c t O l 'S ,
Lawn a nd G'll'(j ' n - 110 ' n 112
SM-2059-(A r- 6 7)
Insp ' c t the cl ri v Ae ,H and iell e r ~e :.lr sh:.lfts
at 111" :\1' 111 ' p Oints :1I1 c1 se;d 31' : s f -'I' rO ll p; h Sll l'
fa( ' !.' 3. ncl l' x v ' s s iv t.' WC' : lr, Us e ,I lllicl' 1m t p l' ()
I11 l ' . I S UI'C UI E' :-;jnfls,
i ~ru rc' 8, Hefr'}' t CI " Sp f' ci
fic~lti ( ll:; , "
pa ISe' ] 5 -1 0 , t o r :-;klft t () lt'l' ~lll(", In
,' P I'C" dr i vl' '11.lf \ l)1' i i' kl~ n k e y w ay , .,' h,lfts • n d
gl' : I r s ar t' av , i 1.l u l{' ,I, ' , I ':-;"' 1111 )lI es Im l )"
I ns ect t l, ' Ll I'
>XC'
"
,
F,q , 7- R"", ovi n,, Rel,ef Vol v
S at
s s iv,'
W ..I I',
uf tll '
~ ; l' [ 0 1'
' S ' ;I mi ' r o m
:-;('ur np: .Inc!
t e l' t() me.l>:i lll"
j..:,l' ..I r \v i d tll, Snap ri llg s shuul d \)( ' ill ~I'Ollvr' ill
c1r i y , ' .Ll1d i cll ( l' s ll,lft II ' ;\1' , II r :tr 'I'roqUll' I ' f
pL\ c i ng , l'l·pl..l ('(' gl'..t r ,mc! shaft ;l ' ,111 s· - ll1 uly ,
II ,>clg (" () f tel'l h ;Ire sh:.lrjJ, l)1' " lk crlgl's w ith
l ' T1H'ry
,,[ (,tl1,
T i lt , r l'1 II f v;1 1v(' s c at is l oc k ,d in pLl(, '>, Un
nl)t .l tt, ' m p t t u ri ' IlH 1V
' ; t lI n l(' ::;~ r cp: dr is 11 ("
t'ss.lI'~, :\ppl ' l lI '.1 til ba.' k pl.!t ,' .m ci U '" ::)( ' n '\\
i ll (r u n t pLl t«: , 'll<>u l cl ll' fl l ll:ih
\i h b1.1l1Cl<; in 14'],(")\' ,, P; l t ,rn. l k.ll' in j!.s , I l't'
;1",111.11 ,1" IIII' ::; " 1'\'1 ('1' 1I111y . I~ ;1 pi: k ,11111 1~ ' . Il ' in g
;1~~ llltl J I \,
{I'P I.,,' " 11" '11 1 () r l.;«'k p l 'lt<- if :-,,', 11' (,11
III
If hi ,Ir i nl!b an' ·..."i rn bf'\'nnd s (~ l li ' a ti ,HI:; ,
'I ,
F,~
r ith"
I II
t',S. ,\.
q, M__ (l' Y "f'1Q G.
\1'
Shu t, ,,
Hydraulic System
Pump
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059- {Apr-57}
60
15-5
,.
"
Fig. 12-Rclicf Va/v" Adopte r, Boll, Spring oll d Se at
'I Jt 1
Fig. IO - Ch ec king Bo c k Plate We ar
Sm all scratches a nd some wear pattern s hould
be considere d normal a nd will not affect pump
ope rati on. Check pl a t e wea r , Figur e 10. Re fe r
t o " Spe cific tions," pa g 15-1 0, for back plat
we a r tal ra nc . Replac e back pI te if worn
beyond s pe cific ation.
Inspect condition of relief valve seat, ball,
adapter and spring, Figure 12. Replace parts
show ing abnorma l we a r.
If reli e f va lve sea t r maval is ne cess3.ry,
r fer to Figure 7.
ASSEM BLY
' I . j,
\f
". f
Fig. 13 - l nslol/ i<19 F ront Plate Components
F i9. J J -M"osuring Geo r Po cke t
Inspec t the ge a r pockets fo r s coring or war,
Figure 11. Re f r to " pecif'c atia ns , I ' page 15- 10,
for gear poc ke t diameter. If gea pork ts ar e
se r ed o r worn, bey ond s pe c ifi c Han s , replace'
body.
Litho in U . ' . .
Install new i phragm seal, protector gasket,
ba -'kup gask t an 1diaphra gm wh 11 r asse m bling
pump, Figu ' > 13. Install dia phrag m eal in
grooves o f fron t pl. te with sea l "V" gr a ve
down. Use sma ll b l w1t s c r ewdriver to posltion
seal 'in gro oves. Pre s s prot ector gasket and
b e ,kup gas e t into diap hragm seal. Drop s t ,e1
balls i nto re~'p ective seats and pl ac sp rings
ove r ba lls .
60
15-6
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059-(Apr-67)
Hydraulic System
Pump
ASSEMBL Y -Continued
"
" .• r
..
Fig . 14-lnstal/ ing Diaphragm
Fig. 16-Plocing Body on Front Plate
Place diaphragm on top of gaskets with bronze
face up and coined indents on suction side, Figure
14. The entire diaphragm must fit inside the
raised rim of the diaphragm seal. Insert dowel
pins in front plate.
Apply a thin layer of "Copper Coat" or equiva
lent to both milled surfaces of body. Slip body
over gears onto front plate. Half moon port eavi
ties in body must face away from front plate and
scribe lines should be aligned, Figure 16 . The
cavity with the small hole drilled in it must be
on the pressure side of pump.
Fig. IS-Installing Gears in Front Plate
Dip gear assemblies in light, clean oil and
slip into front plate bearings, Figure 15.
',T
..,
'I'
Fig. 17-Positioning Front Plate and Gear Assembly
on Bock Plate
Place front plate and gear assembly onto back
plate and press in place with hands, Figure 17.
Check to be sure scribe lines are aligned.
Litho in U.S.A.
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059-(Apr-67)
Hydraulic System
Pump
60
15-7
Rotate the drive shaft to make sure the re is
no interference with rotating parts. A smooth,
heavy drag indicates a good pump. A jerky drag
or froz e n shaft indicates an improperly assem
bled pump. (Pump rotation is counterclockwise
from end of shaft).
,. Lit.
t
1
Fig. 18- Tight ening Four 12· Point Cap Screws
Place ne w aluminum washers over the four
12-point cap screws. Install cap screws through
back plate and secure front plate to back plate,
Figure 18. Refer to "Specifications," page 15-10,
and torque bolts.
"
Fig . 20-/nstolling R"lief Valve A ssemb ly
Wheneve r relief valve seat has been removed,
refer to" Specifications," page 15-10, for proper
seat depth. Install seat in back plate as shown
in Figure 7.
NOTE: Seat must be held in place with LoetiLe
or equivalent. Clean threads and seat thoroughly
befoye applying Loetite. Wipe off excess LoeWe
after positioning seat.
After relief valve seat is properly located,
install ball adapter and spring in back plate.
Place new a-ring on plug and secure parts with
plug, Figure 20. See page 15- 8 for pressure
adjustment.
Fig. 19-1 nstolli ng Shaft Seal
Place scotch tape over keyway in shaft. Oil
seal liberally and work shaft seal over drive
shaft.
Tap seal in place with a deep well socket and
ham mer, Figure 19.
The outer face of the seal should be flush with
outer edge of front plate when seal is in plac e .
Litho in U.S.A.
60
15-8
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059- (Apr-57)
Hydraulic System
Pump
..
ADJUSTMENTS
DRIVE BELT TENSION
l'
/
Fig. 21-lnslal/ing Filler and Reservoir
Refer to exploded view, Figure 3, and install
new filter gasket and filter to back plate with
two washers and two machine screws.
Install new O-ring over reservoir mounting
shoulder and carefully slide reservoir onto
pump. Be sure port in reservoir is in correct
location, Figure 21. Secure reservoir to back
plate with four washers and machine screws.
Turn filler plug loosely into reservoir port.
If valve assembly was removed, see page
Fig. 22 -Adjusting Drive Belt Tension
Loosen the idler bolt and move idler against
belt until a 3 to 4 pound pressure midway be
tween the sheaves deflects the belt 1/ 2 inch.
Tighten the idler nut firmly to maintain proper
belt tension.
10-5 for correct assembly.
RE LIE F VALVE PRESSURE
Install the assembly on the tractor. Refer to
Figure 2, page 10-1 and connect the hydraulic
hoses to the valve assembly.
Fill the reservoir with fluid, page 5-3.
Adjust drive belt tension and relief valve
pressure as explained on this page.
A pressure gauge having sufficient capacity
must be used to obtain proper relief valve pres
sure. Excessive pressure can do severe dam
age to various components, thus voiding war
ranty. Add or remove shims as necessary until
800 (-0 + 100) psi is obtained.
Always follow instructions supplied by test
equipment manufacturer. See page 5-5 for hy
draulic test equipment.
Litho in U.S.A.
Hydraulic System
Pump
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059- (Apr-57)
LIFT LEVER STOP
60
15-9
Position head end of bolt in bottom of slot in
inner stop. NOTE: Be sure to keep 1/ 32t01/ 1 6
inch clearance between the bolt head and inner
stop.
Tighten nuts. Allow lift lever to return to
neutral position. Check for equal travel of lift
lever in both raised and lowered position.
DIRECTION OF LIFT
Hydraulic lines are connected at the factory
to permit the equipment to raise when the lift
lever is raised and lower when the lift lever is
lowered. If, for any reason, you wish to reverse
the lifting direction, disconnect hydraulic lines
at the pump, Figure 23, and reverse the lines.
Fig. 23-Adjusting Lever Stop
Loosen jam nuts on outer stop and move lift
lever to full raised position.
Litho in U.S. A.
60
15- to
Hydraul ic System
Pump
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059-(Apr-67)
SPECIFICATIONS
COMPONENT
NEW
WEAR
TOLERANCE
Relief Valve Pressure
800 (-0 + 100) psi
Relief Valve Seat
(Top of seat to top of body)
1. 776-1. 786-inch
Pump Output
1. 5 gpm at 3600 rpm engine speed
Displacement
0.149 cu. in. per rev.
Gear Shafts
0.4371-0.4373-inch
0.4359-inch
Gear Width
0.2788-0.2794-inch
0.2779-inch
Bearings (front and back plate)
0.4386 -0.43 89-inch
0.4376-inch
Back Plate Wear
Flat
0.0015-inch
Body (gear pockets)
1.1675-1.1681-inch
1.1696-inch
TORQUE FOR HARDWARE
Location
Torque
12-Point Cap Screws
Relief Valve Plug
7-10 ft-lbs
20-25 ft-lbs
SPECIAL TOOLS
Name
No.
Use
0-1 Micrometer
Starrett 230 RL
Check gear shafts and gear widths.
Telescope Gauge
Starrett 829 D
Check inside diameter of bearing in
front and back plates.
Hydraulic Tester
OTC Model No.
Y-81-2-1
Check system pressure.
In Line Hydraulic
Tester
OTC Model No.
Y-90
Measure flow, temperature and pres
sure.
Litho in U.S.A.
Hydraulic System
Cylinder
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059-(Apr-67)
60
20-1
Group 20
CYLI NDER
GENERAL INFORMATION
( /' .
M 5966
I
8
>~ --7
~/)
>',r"
5
- 30" Hydraulic Hose
2 - Connector
3 - 1/ 8" x 3 14" Cotter Pin (4 used)
4 - Drilled Pin (2 used)
5 - Lockillg Clip
6 - Cylinder
7 - Thread C uttillg Screw s (2 used)
8 - Cylinder Bracket
9 - 27" Hydraulic Hose
M 5965
Fig. 2-Exploded View of Cylinder
Fig. l-Cutowoy of Remote Cylinder
The Cessna remote cylinder is connected to
the engine base and lower lift shaft. When the
hydraulic lift lever on the tractor is raised or
lowered, the remote cylinder is extended or re
tracted, thus actuating the lift linkage and rais
lllg or lowering mounted equipment.
The cylinder is double acting and connected
to the valve body by two high-pressure flexible
hoses. Although the hydraulic cylinder is double
acting, slots in the hydraulic linkage prevent
the retracting cylinder from exerting downward
force on front- or rear-mounted equipment. This
prevents damage to the equipment and allows it
to "float" with ground contours.
"
,~
.. ,'
Fig. 3-Hydra u lic Cylinder
The hydraulic cylinder is a welded assembly
and is not serviceable. A new cylinder must be
installed if the old cylinder is defective. Check
"Diagnosing Malfunctions, t t Group 5 for possible
causes of cylinder failure.
Remove old cylinder and install new cylinder
as instructed on the next page.
Litho in U.S.A.
60
20-2
Hydraulic System
Cylinder
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059-(Apr-67)
REMOVAL
Wipe all dirt from connections on valve body.
Move hydraulic lift lev e r up and down to release
all pressure in system.
Connect hose with one steel extension to head
end of cylinder as shown in Figure 4. Screw end
without steel extension in cylinder head. End with
steel extension connects to p o rt" A," on valve
body after cylinder is installed on tractor.
Disconnect hoses at valve body. Cap connec
tions on valve body and plug hoses.
Remove the pins attaching the cylinder to the
tractor. Slip the pin from the h0a d end of the
cylinder through the tractor fram l'; . Remove the
hoses and cylinder as an assernbly.
I NST ALLA TION
Fig . 5-Conneclin g C y lin der to Traclor
Fig. 4-Connccl i ng Hoses
10
Cyl i nder
Lightly clamp cylinder in a vise with soft
jaws , Figure 4.
Screw connector in bearing end of cylind e r
and tighten firmly.
Ins e rt pin throu gh tractor fr a m e, f r a m e
brackets and cylind r . Insert cotte r pins and
spre a d ends, F igure 5.
Inse rt pin throug h lower lift s haft arms, pis ton
rod and clip. Ins e rt cott e r pin s and sp read nds,
Fi~r e 5.
SP EC IF ICAT IONS
C onn e ct hose with two steel ext en s ions to
conn e c tor on bearing end of cy linder. Position
hose a s hown in F igur 4 be fo re ti{;ht e ning con
nection. The end of the l ose with the most b end
in s e el line connects to cylind r . E nd with leaHt
bend conn c ts to port "B" on va l ve body after
cylinde r is assembled to tra o r.
N OTE: Hydvau lic line s m ay be yet'e ys e d on
control valve to -r evers e dir c tion of lift Zelle r
control when desired. See pag e lS-9.
Litho in U. . .
Irem
re
·troke . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rod S ize. . . . . . . . . ..
N e w PorI
2-1 / 2- inc h di a m e t e r
I-l i Z-inc h
O.875-inch dia meter
Section 7 0
MISCELLANEOU
Group 5
STEERING LI NKAGE
TABLE O F CONTENTS
poge
GROUP 5 - STEERING LINKAGE
Insta llation.
General Information. .
5-2
Installing Axle Bush ings .
Ste e ring Analysis. . . . .
5-3
Installing Axle . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sea l and Reta iner. .
5-3
Installing Spindles . . . . . . . . .
Hous ing . . .
5- 3
Installing Bea rings a nd Wheels.
5- 3
Drag Link. .
Adjustment. . . . . . . . .
Spindle. . . .
5-4
Fr ont Wh e l Bea ring.
B all Joints .
5-4
Specifications . . . . .. .
5-4
Di a gnosing Malfunctions. .
Torqu e for Hardw are . .
Repair. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-6
Special Tools . . . . . . . . .
Removing Steering Whee l a nd Steer
in g Gear. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
5-6
GROUP 15 - LIFT LINKAGE
Disassembling Steering Gear. . . ..
5-7
General Inform a tion ..
Inspe c ting Steering Gear Parts. .
5-7
Manual Lift . . . . . . . . . . .
Assem b ly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-7
Hydraulic Lift . . . . . . . . . . . .
Assembling Steering Gear. .
5-7
Hitc h a nd Mowe r Depth Control.
Insta lling Steering Gear. .
5-8
Diagnos ing Ma lfun c ti ons . . . . . . .
Adjustments. . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-9
Repair . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Steering Gear . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
5-9
Removing Lift Linkage in Pedestal .
Adjusting Steering Arm on 1l0Trac
Removing Thumb R e lease and Lift
tors (40001-100,000) and 112 Trac
Lever . . . . . . . . . .. .
tor s (
- 1 00,000) . . . . . . . . .. 5 - 10
Assembly. . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . .
Adjusting To e -In on Tractors with
Installing Lift Linkag e . . . . . . . . . .
Adjustable Tie Rods. . . . . . . . . .. 5-11
Installing Lift Le ver .. . . . . .
Torqu e for Har dwa r e . . . . . .
5-11
Installing Anti- Vibr a ti on Clip.
Special Too ls. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 5-11
Adjustments . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Depth Control - 11 0 Tr ac t ors
=tROU P 10 - FRONT WHEELS AND AXLES
(
-15,000) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Introduction. . . . . . . . . .
10- 1
Hitch and Mower Depth Control 110
Repair. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10-1
Tra ctors (15001-100,000) and 112
Removing Front Wheels . . . .
10-2
Tr ac tors (
-100 , 000).
Removing Spindle from Axle.
10-2
Helper Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Inspec ting Bearings . . . .
10-2
Inspecting Axle Bushings. . .
10-2
Litho in U.S.A.
Pa g'"
10-3
10- 3
10-3
10-4
10-4
10-5
10-5
10- 5
10-5
10-5
15-1
15-1
15-1
15-1
15- 2
1 5-3
15-4
15-4
15- 5
15-5
15-6
15-6
15-7
15-7
15-7
15-7
Mis ce llaneous
Steering Linkage
70
5-2
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059-(Apr-67)
GENERAL INFORMATION
The steering linkage consists of the steering
gear assembly, drag link, steering arm, spindles
and tie rods.
The Ross steering gear has a cam and lever
arm with cross bolt and taper stud, Figure 1
The lever arm is actuated whenever the cam is
rota ted.
,. --- ......
•
•I
/
I
... ...
f
I
\
\
I
-- '
"
The steering gear used on 110 Tractors (
4048) has a 12: 1 steering ratio. To prevent pre
mature steering gear failure, GT-3 tires should
not be used on 110 Tractors (
-4048).
The steering gear used on 110 Tractors (4049
100,000) and 112 Tractors (
-100,000) has a
14: 1 steering ratio. The 14: 1 steering ratio re
duces steering effort for tractors equipped with
GT-3 and GT-4 tires.
110 Tractors (
-67939) and 112 Tractors
- 3550) have adjustable tie rods, Figure 2.
11 a Tractors (67940-100,000) and 112 Trac
tors ( 3551-100,000) have one piece tie rods,
Figure 2.
Fig . I-Ross Steering Geor
t,.
~
l
L
II
-- j~~
Fig. 2- Tie Rods
Litho in U.S.A.
Miscellaneous
Steering Linkage
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059-(Apr-67)
70
5-3
STEERING ANALYSIS
Listed below is a preliminary analysis of dif
ficulties that can occur with the steering system.
Familiarize yourself with the information on this
page before proceeding to "Diagnosing Malfunc
tions" on the following page.
•T
SEAL AND RETAINER
Fig. 4-Broken Steering Geer Housing
DRAG LINK
."
Fig . J-Demeged Seel
A damaged seal, Figure 3, is caused by over
greasing of the housing or an improperly ad
justed cross bolt in the lever arm.
HOUSING
\f • .: t
A broken steering gear housing is most com
monly caused by the wheel striking a solid ob
ject when the tractor is traveling at fast speed.
It can also be caused by applying excessive pres
sure on steering wheel with heavy load on front
of tractor. EXAMPLE: Tractor equipped with
GT-3 tires and front end loader.
To reduce steering effort, the tractor should
be in motion when turning front wheels, espe
cially with heavy ballast on front of tractor.
Litho in U.S.A.
Fig. 5-Bell Joint Disconnected from D,ag Link
Ball joint damage as shown in Figure 5, is
caused by an improperly positioned drag link.
Refer to page 5-9 for proper position of drag
link rod.
70
5-4
Miscellaneous
Steering Linkage
SPINDLE
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059- (Apr-67)
BALL JOINTS
Ill '
r
!) f'
jul t
A
Fig. 7-801/ Joints
Fig. 6-Bent Spindle Arm
Replace ball joint assembly whenever exces
sive looseness or other damage is noticed.
A bent spindle arm as shown in Figure 6, is
usually the result of the front wheel striking a
solid obj ect.
DIAGNOSING MALFUNCTIONS
Loose Steering
Steering gear out of adjustment.
Adjust steering gear assembly.
Worn steering arm (non-adjustable).
Check condition of parts.
Replace parts as necessary.
Loose steering arm (adjustable type).
Adjust cone .
Cracked steering gear housing.
Replace steering gear.
Hard Steering-Continued
Tight spindles.
Lubricate spindles.
Repair or replace spindle(s) if necessary.
Tight steering arm, not properly adjusted
and/ or lubricated.
Check condition of steering arm.
Repair and/or replace parts as necessary.
Drag link installed incorrectly.
Position drag link properly.
Loose ball joint nuts.
Tighten nuts firmly.
Bent spindle arm.
Replace spindle.
Adjust tie rods if so equipped.
Worn ball joints.
Replace ball joints.
Tight ball joint(s).
Replace tie rod or tie rod end.
Hard Steering
Tires not properly inflated.
Inflate tires to recommended psi.
Steering gear not properly adjusted (too tight).
Adjust steering assembly.
Litho in U.S.A.
Incorrect toe-in.
Adjust tie rods on tractors so equipped.
Replace spindle if necessary.
On others replace spindles.
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059- (Apr-57)
Tractor Turns Shorter in One DirecUon
Spindle arm striking axle stop.
Adjust axle stop screw.
Do not allow inside of right-hand tire to
strike intermediate assembly when tractor
is so equipped.
Drag link installed incorrectly ancl/ or ad
justed.
Install drag link correctly ancl/ or adjust.
Bent spindle ancl/ or spindle arm.
Adjust tie rods on tractors having adjust
able tie rods.
Replace spindle if necessary.
On tractors without adjustable tie rods,
replace parts as necessary.
Leaky Steering Gear Housing
Damaged seal.
Install seal and retainer kit.
Damaged retainer.
Install seal and retainer kit.
Steering gear overgreased.
Use less grease when lubricating steering
gear.
Tire Strikes Tractor on TunIS
Drag link not properly adjusted.
Adjust drag link.
Bent spindle ancl/ or spindle arm.
Replace spindle.
Miscellaneous
Steering Linkage
Tire Wear
Wheels toed-out.
Adjust to proper toe- in.
Bent spindle ancl/ or spindle arm.
Adjust tie rods on tractors having adjust
able tie rods.
Replace spindle if necessary .
On tractors without adjustable tie rods, re
place parts as necessary.
Bent axle.
Check axle condition.
Replace axle if necessary.
Tires not properly inflated.
Inflate tires to recommended psi.
Drag link not properly adjusted.
Adjust drag link.
Steering Column Squeaks When Steering
Wheel is Turned
Loose clamp around jacket tubing inpedestal.
Tighten clamp screws.
No tape around jacket tubing (clamp and
bracket area in pedestal).
Wrap jacket with adhesive or electrical
tape and tighten clamp screws.
Lack of lubrication.
Lubricate steering gear housing.
Excessive End Play
Loose adjusting plug.
Tighten plug properly and spike threads.
On later tractors install cotter pin.
Bearings out of retainer.
Install bearings in retainer.
Litho in U.S.A.
70
5-5
70
5-6
Miscellaneous
Steering Linkage
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059-(Apr-67)
REPAIR
10
11 0 HAC ILI R SN(
- 6/ 93(1 )
II ? TR ACTO R
S\N(
28
/ ® "~~
- 3 55(1 ) 23
34
)
\ 6-:1
~
33
23
26
J') 6'l
C{1
L /
IcY'''''
28\
e~{;
' I:J/
0
-
12 13 14
15
16
17
-
16
17
'/
30-;t?
&----2 4
31--0
32
14 \
\
,),.,'
1\
~
~" f ~'( '(,
-ko
" ,:
.l' tP ;;3
18 ;i~ - 19
24-'~~-2 0
----I
A
~~2 5
15
"
/ -'
.. /11
25 2\6
/ ;;/..,.
24 \ ,_,
./
29""---- ~ , , \ f? t'i
.'\-, 6 '1J 1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
13
",. "
24' / 0 ",./
./ l!P
ra// 27
. / 25
"' .
11
\
'"l)
~
25 ---:; .... 21
~
--22
r ~ .-:. -\~ ----23
23
r
35
Steering Wheel Emblem
O-Ring
5/ 8" Hex. Nut (3 used)
Steering Wheel
Grommet
Felt Washer (2 used)
Bearing Spacer
Bearing Retainer
Steering Shaft and Column
Thread Cutting Screw (2 used)
Clamp
Cap Screw (3 used)
Grease Firting
Beoring Cup. and Retainers (2 usod)
Steel Balls (16 used)
Adjusting Plug
Cotter Pin
26
23
18 - Washer
19 - Lever Arm Seal
20 - Retainer
21 - Lever Arm and Cra .. Bolt
22 - ToperI'd Stud
23 - 1/ 2" Hex . Jam Hut (Fine Thread) (3 used)
24 - 1/ 2" Hex . Hut (6 used)
25 - 1/ 2" Lack Washer (6 used)
26 - Ball Joint (R . H . Threads) (2 used)
27 - Steering Arm
28 - One-Picce Ti" Rod Assembly (2 used)
29 - Bolt and Cone Assembly
30 - Lock ing Strop
31 - Washer
32 - Se If- T appi ng Screw
33 - Adjustable Tic Rod
34 - Ball Joint (L.H . Threads)
35 - Drag link
fig. B-Exploded View - Steering Linkage
REMOVING STEERING WHEEL AND
STEERING GEAR
Remove steering wheel with a puller, Figure
9, or shock device. Using the wrong type puller
will damage the steering wheel.
-
Remove battery from battery base.
Remove clamp around steering jacket inped
estal. Disconnect drag link, remove cap screws
holding housing to frame and slip steering gear
out from below tractor.
\t " I } ,
Fig. 9-Removing Steering Wheel
Litho in U.S.A.
Miscellaneous
Steering Linkage
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059-(Apr-67)
DISASSEMBLING STEERING GEAR
70
5-7
.\
Loosen jam nut on tapered stud (22, Figure 8)
in lever arm. Turn stud counterclockwise until
resistance is felt. Remove nuts from lever arm
cross bolt (21, Figure 8) and remove from hous
ing. Remove plug in steering gear housing and
slide shaft with cam and bearings from column.
I
I .
INSPECTING STEERING GEAR PARTS
I
, !',
J
Wash parts in a clean, safe solvent and dry
with compressed air and clean cloth.
Refer to Section 20, Group 15, to check bear
ing condition. Inspect cam, housing and plug for
cracks, scoring and other damage especially in
the bearing area. Replace par ts showing exces
sive wear or damage.
.\t 11 / (
Fi g. II-Steering Gear 0 i sosse",bled
ASSEMBLY
ASSEMBLING STEERING GEAR
fig. 12-lnsta/lin9 Cam Assembly in Housing
fig. 10-lnsto/ling Bearing
Apply grease and place bearing balls, ball
cups and retaining rings on both ends of cam,
Figure 10.
Litho in U.S.A.
Grease cam lightly with multi-purpose type
grease.
Slide cam and tube assembly into housing and
jacket tube. Install plug and torque according to
"Specifica tions," page 5-11.
70
5-8
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059-(Apr-67)
Miscellaneous
Steering Linkage
\to
Fig. 13-Locking Plug in Housing - Tractors (
"
·51052)
After torquing, lock plug by upsetting the
threads on plug with a punch, Figure 13.
'J.'
Fig. IS-Attaching Lever Arm to St"ering Gear
Install new seal and retainer from AM30980
kit. Attach lever arm to steering gear housing
with washer and two jam nuts, Figure 15.
INSTALLING STEERING GEAR
Fig. J4-Cotter Pin Through Housing· Tractors (51053
After torquing, lock plug with a cotter pin,
Figure 14. Be sure steering column turns freely
after torquing.
Fig. 16-lnslal/ing Steering Geor
Position steering gear assembly in tractor
and install with bolts as shown in Figure 16.
Apply Loctite or equivalent to threads of bolts
at steering gear housing. Place clamp over up
per part of steering column in pedestal and se
cure clamp with two bolts.
Litho in U.S.A.
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059- (Apr-67)
Miscellaneous
Steering Linkage
70
5-9
Connect drag link to lever arm, Figure 17
and tighten nut firmly.
NOTE : It is important that drag link is posi
tioned wi th bend facing the center of the tractor
before tightening nuts.
Refer to Figure 8, page 5-6 and install steer
ing wheel. Refer to "Specifications," page 5-11
for steering wheel retaining nut t orque.
Insert O-ring into slot in steering whe el cap
and press cap into steering wheel.
" '. lJ
Fig . 17-Connecting Drag Link to Lever Arm
Adjust the steering gear mechanism a ccord
ing to the sequence explained below.
ADJUSTMENTS
STEERING GEAR
Adjust steering mechanism in the sequence
described below: Make these adjustments when
excessive play (loose steering) is noticed or if
steering becomes difficult.
Fig. 19-5teering Gear Adiustment
Fig. 18-Steering Gear Adjustment
To remove excessive backlash (loose steer
ing) and to properly adjust steering gear, follow
this procedure:
1. Disconnect ball joint from lever arm.
2. Loosen jam nut and turn stud counterclock
wise two or three turns.
Litho in U.S.A.
3. Remove cotter pin holding adjusting plug
in gear housing. Steering columns on Trac
tors (
-51052) do not have a cotter
pin. Refer to "SpeCifications," page 5-11,
for plug torque a nd turn adjusting plug into
housing until proper torque is obtained.
Back plug out until steering wheel turns
freely with no drag.
4. Lock plug after adjustment is obtained. On
Tractors (
-51052), lock plug by up
setting plug threads with a punch and ham
mer as Shown in Figure 13. On Tractors
(51053), lock plug by turning plug
only far enough to insert cotter pin through
housing and closest slot in plug. Spread
cotter pin as shown in Figure 14.
70
5-10
Miscell a neous
Steering Linkage
Tractors, L a wn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM- 2059- (Apr- 67)
It is important that dr a g link is positioned
with bend faCing the center of the tra ctor before
tig hte ning nuts, Figure 17.
Check steering for equ a l turn in both dir c
tions.
Readjust ball joint if ne c e ssary.
ADJUSTING STEERING AR M ON 110 T RACTORS
(40001-100,000) AND 112 TRACTORS (
100,000)
Fig . 20-Ad/ustiog L e var A rm
5. Loos e n j a m nut on cr oss bolt and tighte n
onl y the inside nut usin g a thin open-end
wren h, FibTUre 20, until all end play is re
move d o r until the distance bet we e n the
steering arm and gear housing is bet we e n
1/1 6 and 3/ 32 inch. After adjustme nt is
c omplete d, refer to" Specific a tions, I I page
5-11, for lever arm cross bolt torqu e .
6. Turn steering arm until the arm is para l
lel with steering gear body.
7. Turn stud in (clockwise) until snug to re
move all backlash. Then move steering
a rm through its full steering range in both
directions (front to rear). Steering wheel
will turn as this check is made. When
properly adjusted, a slight drag can be de
te c ted in the midpoint of the range (when
line between the cross bolt and ball joint
is vertical). After adjustment is completed,
refer to "Specifications," pa ge 5-11, and
torque jam nut. Make fin a l test by turning
steering arm through full range.
B. Set front wheels straight forward and turn
steering wheel so that lever arm is paral
lel with steering gear hOUSing (center of
lever arm travel). Connect drag link as
shown in Figure lB.
It may be necessary to lengthen or shorten
drag link by turning drag link end.
Litho in U. S.A.
Fig. 21-Adiusting Steering Arm
Adjust steering arm as follows:
1. Disconnect drag link and tie rods at "A."
2. Loosen lock retaining screw and remove
lock from bolt head.
3. Re move steering bolt, cone and arm as
sembly. Apply grease to both inner and
outer c ones and reassemble.
4. Tighten bolt only until a slight amount of
drag can be felt when turning the steering
arm through its range and all end play has
been removed.
5. Position lock plate over bolt head and
tighten lock plate cap screw. Be sure plain
washer is used with lock plate cap screw.
Reassemble tie rods and drag link to steer
ing arm and tighten nuts firmly.
Miscellaneous
Steering Linkage
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059- (Apr-67)
70
5-11
ADJUSTING TOW-IN ON TRACTORS WITH ADJUSTABLE TIE RODS
Meas u re dista nces" A" an d riB" abov . The
tr a ctor has pr op er t oe -in or alignme nt wh n
di mension " A" is 3/ 16 inch l e ss tl an dime n
s ion I 'B. t I Whe n re quired, l oosen j a m nuts a nd
turn b th r ig ht-h'· nd and l eft-h a n d ti e r ods "C "
equally un til proper toe -in is obt a ined. T ight en
j a m nuts firm ly.
F ig. 22 -Ad;ustoble T ie R o ds - 110 Tra c lo rs
-6794 0) and 112 T rac to rs (
.35 50)
(
TORQUE F OR HARDWARE
Local; on
Torque
Steering gear plug
7-12 ft-Ibs
Le ver arm cross bolt
22-25 it-lbs
Jam nut on Ie e r arm stud
Steering whee l r eta ining nut
40 ft-lbs
10-12 ft-lbs
SP ECI AL T OOLS
Name
Port No .
Usc
15/ 16" Open-End Tappet Wr e nch
See F igur e 20
Locking lever arm cross bolt.
Puller
SNAP-ON CJ -950
To remove steering wheel.
Puller
OTC 515
To remove steering wheel.
Litho in U.S.A.
70
5-12
Miscellaneous
Steering Linkage
Litho in U.S.A.
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059-(Apr-67)
Miscellaneous
Front Wheels and Axles
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM -2059 -(Apr-57)
70
10-1
Grou p 1 0
FRO NT WHEELS AND AXLES
INTRODUCT ION
Refer to Group 5, "Ste e ring Linkage," for
service and adjustment of all linkage related to
the front wheels. Group 5 includes service of
ball joints, tie rods , toe-in adjustment, etc.
This group covers only front wheel spindle s,
bearings and axles.
REPAIR
110 TRIICTOf{S
SN(
- 4UOO
7
8
110
sri (
TfU\Ll0~S
-u
~99 )
11<0
11~-RIlr.il)Ro:.
S rJ (
M
- l Ullll!J )
11 -1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
- Spindle Cap (2 u.ed)
Cotter Pin (2 used)
5 / 8" Slotted Hcx . Nul
Outer Co ne (2 used )
Cup (4 used)
- F rani Wheel (2 u. c d)
- Inner Cone wilh Seal (2 used)
- Fronl Wheel Spindle ( 110 Traclors) (2 u.od)
- Fronl Wheel Spindlc (112 Tractors and 110 Traclors
wilh Loade rs) (2 used )
- Snap Ring
- Spindl e Washer
- Fronl Tire Valv c (High Flotolion Tires Only)
- Front Wheel Spindl e ( 110 TraciorS)
- Spindle Ke eper (110 T raclors)
- Spring Pin ( 110 Tra ctors)
-
)6 - B ronz e Bushing (4 used)
17 - Gre a se F itting (2 u s ed)
18 - F ranl Ax le wilh Bushing.
19 - 1 ( 2" Hex . Slo tte d Nul
20 - Ki ng Pin Bea ring
21 - Wash e,
22 - 1 /2" UNF X 3-1 / 2" King Pin Bolt
23 - Bro n le Bu s h ing (4 used)
24 - Kin g Pin B ushing
25 - Stee r ing Stop Bolt
26 - 1/2" Hex . Jam Nut
27 - 3/ 4" UN F He x. Sl ottcd Nul
28 - 3 / 4" UNF )( 3-5/ 8" King Pin Bolt
29 - Cotter P in
Fig. I - E xp loded V i ew of Fr o nt Wheel s an d A xles for) 10 and) 12 Tract ors
Litho in U.S, A.
70
10-2
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059-(Apr-67)
Miscellane ous
Front Whe e ls and Axles
REPAIR-Continued
Differences in tractor front e nd parts de
pending on tractor serial number are shown in
the exploded view on the preceding page .
REMOVING FRONT WHEELS
Fig. 4 - Washer and Retaining Ring
F ig. 2-Removing Front Wheel Componellts from A x le
Block up or hoist front of tractor until wheel
clears th e ground. Remove cap from wheel,
Figur e 2. R e move cotter key, slotted nut, wheel
and bearings from spindle inside c ap.
To remOve axle on 110 Tractors (15000
100,000) and 112 Tractors (
-100,000) dis
connect tie rod . Use retaining ring pliers and
remove retaining ring and washer , Fi gure 4.
Slip spindle out of axle.
INSPECTING BEARINGS
Ref e r to Section 20, Group 15, "Bearing Anal
ysis, I I to determine wheel bearing condition.
Service as n e cessary.
REMOVING SPINDLE FROM AXLE
INSPECTING AXLE BUSHINGS
" ,
Fi g. ] - A x le Keep e r
.
Fig . 5-Axle Spin d l<> Bu s hin g
110 Tr a ctors (
-15000 ) ha ve a n axle
keeper a s shown in Figure 3. Di sconnect tie rod.
Remove spring pin with a blunt punch and slip
spindl e out of axle.
Litho in U.S.A.
Exc e ssive bushing wear , Figure 5, is caused
by la c k of lubrication. Repl a c e bushing indicating
ex c e ssi ve w ear or out of round .
Miscellaneous
Front Wheels and Axles
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059-(Apr-67)
,
70
10-3
~f1.'
\ 1 fUJI
Fig. 6-Pressing Bushings Out of Axle
F i g. B-Reaming Bushings
Remove king pin to separate axle from tractor.
Place axle end on press bed and press bushings
out of axle, Figure 6.
Place axle in a vise and turn reamer through
axl e bushings , Figure 8. Refer to "Specifica
tions, " page 10-5, for correct axle bushing
dimension.
INSTALLATION
INST ALLING AXLE
INSTALLING AXLE BUSHINGS
Fig. 9-I"slo/l i ng Axle
Or!
Traclor
Fig. 7-lnslolli ng Axle Bushings
Wipe axle bushing bore cle an. Coat bushings
with oil. Plac , ~ axle on press and press bushings
in axl e until bushing is flush with axl e face.
Check king pin bushing and other king pin
components for wear or any other damage. Re
place parts as necessary.
Grease king pin assembly and install axle on
tra c tor bas e . Axle s t op mu s t be to ri ght-ha nd
side of trac to r and facing away from tractor,
Figure 9. Sec ure king bolt with slotted nut and
cotter pin.
Us e the illustrations on page 10-4 as ref er
ence guides during reassembly depending on
tractor serial number.
L itho in U. S. A.
70
10-4
Miscellaneous
Front Wheels and Axles
INSTALLING AXLE-Continued
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059-(Apr-67)
INST ALLING BEARINGS AND WHEELS
".
Fig. 10-Fran, Axle, Spindles and Front Wheels wi,h
Bearings 110 Trac'ars (
-15000)
Fig. 12-lns,al/ing Bearings and Wheels
Pack wheels with SAE multipurpose-type
grease. Install bearing with seal, wheel, outer
bearing and slotted nut on axle, Figure 12. Refer
to "Adjustments," page 10-5, and adjust wheel
bearings accordingly. Place grease cap on wheel.
Fig. II-Fron' Axle, Spindles and Fran' Wheels wi,h
Bearings on liD Trac'orS (15001-700,000)
and 172 Trac'ars (
-700,000)
INSTALLING SPINDLES
Apply light coat of grease on spindle shaft.
Install spindles into axle bushing, Figure 10 or
11, depending on tractor serial number.
Litho in U.S.A.
Miscellaneous
Front Wheels and Axles
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059-(Apr-67)
70
10-5
ADJUSTMENT
FRONT WHEEL BEARING
1. Raise the tractor until the front tires clear
the floor.
2. Remove the grease cap from wheel.
3. Wipe the exc ess grease from the end of the
spindle and remove cotter pin and slotted
nut.
4. While rotating the wheel and tire, torque
the slotted nut to within 60 to 120 in-Ibs
to seat the bearings, Figure 13. Back off
slotted nut until wheel turns freely.
5. Using a 15/ 16-inch open end wrench. back
off the nut until the slot in nut aligns with
cotter pin hole in spindle.
Fig. 13-Ad; usting Wheel Bearing
Adjust the front wheel bearings if the wheel
is loose on the spindle or if th e wheel does not
rotate freely.
6. Install a new cotter pin and bend the long
end of the cotter pin around the end of the
axle.
7. Install cap.
SPECIF ICATI ONS
Item
New Port
Wear Tolerance
Front Axle Spindle Bushings
0.751-0.75 5 in.
0.770 in.
TORQUE F OR HAR DW ARE
Item
Torque
Spindle Slotted Nut
60-120 in-Ibs. B a ck off
nut. S e adjustments.
SPECIAL TOO LS
Nome
Part No .
U se
Retaining Ring Pliers
aTe No. 1340
To r move retaining rin f rom spindle.
Retaining Ring Pliers
aTe No.
To r e mov e retaining ring from spindle.
Gr ea s e eap Tool
SNAP-ON Gep-10
Litho in U.S. A.
614
To re mov e g rease cap from wheel.
70
10-6
Miscellaneous
Front Wh e els and Axles
Lith o in U.S. A.
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059-(Apr-67)
Miscellaneous
70
Lift Linkage 15-1
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059-(Apr-67}
Group 1 5
LIFT LINKAGE
GENERAL INFORMATION
~
MANUAL LIFT
:r""--- THUM B
liFT
LEVER~
RELEASE
110 and 112 Tractors with manual lift have
linkage as shown in Figure 1. Variations in lift
shaft, lift levers, lever hubs, depending on trac
tor serial number, are explained under "Repair"
in this group.
FRONT
EQUIPMENT
LI FT ROD
Lift adjustments can be made with the thread
ed clevis at "A" and "B," Figure 1. The helper
spring is not a regular part of the tractor, but
is furnished with front mounted equipment such
as the snow thrower and front blade. It is also
furnished with the rotary tiller and integral hitch.
When installed as shown, Figure 1, the helper
spring decreases the effort required to raise
heavy eqUipment with the manual lift lever.
Although not needed for mower operation, the
helper spring may be left in place if any of the
above eqUipment has been used previously on
the tractor. N OT/:': Be sure to loosen helper
HITCH AND
MOWER DEPTH
CONTROL
CONNECTING
\
LINK
WING
NUT --<"'><80
PIVOT
PLATE~
MSW
/
'
/
".
~
~TEGRAL HITCH
~~~TACHINGPOINT
Fig . I-Manual Lift Linkage
spring (relieve tension) when not in use butle/t
on tractor.
HYDRA UUC LIFT
RA I SE
CONTROL
VALVE
RESERVOIR
{Q:=::;F===~
:a;.L.~,--- GEA R
LOWER
LI F T
L[V ER
PUMP
Lift adjustments can be made on the hydraulic
lift linkage by turning threade d clevis at pOints
"A" and "B," Figure 2. Theslotinthe connect
ing link allows hydraulic pressure only on the lift
stroke. On the retracting stroke, the slotted
linkage prevents down pressure on mounted
equipment to p rev ent damage and a llows the
equipment to "float" with ground contour.
HITCH AND MOWER DEPTH CONTROL
The hitch and mower depth control permits
rear mounte d equipment and the rotary mower
to return to the adjusted operating level each
time the lift lev er in lower ed . This control also
enables the operator to keep the mower or rear
mounted equipment in the raised position while
USing the lift lever to operate front mounted
equipment.
Fig. 2-Hydraufic Lilt Linkage
Refer to "Adjustments, " page 15-7, for the
method of adjusting the hitch and mower depth
control.
Litho in U.S.A.
70
15-2
Miscellaneous
Lift Linkage
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059-(Apr-67)
DIAGNOSING MALFUNCTIONS
y"e ry Little Lift
HoYd Lifting
Lift rod not properly adjusted (lower lift
No helper spring or improper spring tension.
shaft arm
front mounted equipment).
Install spring or increase tension to reduce
Turn yoke in on lift rod.
lift effort.
Connecting rod not properly adjusted (rod
Lower lift shaft and/ or lift shaft hub lacks
between lower lift shaft and rear lift shaft)
lubrication.
for mower, integral hitch and tiller.
Lubricate fittings.
Turn yoke in to increase transport.
to
Lift leve r not properly seated in lift lever
hUb.
Position lever correctly in hub.
Linkage pin not properly installed (in ped
estal) .
Install pin correctly.
Lever quadrant not properly adjusted.
Position quadrant correctly.
Apply fil m of grease on quadrant notches.
Ufl Le ver Bye akage
No helper spring or improper spring tension.
Install spring or increase tension to r educe
lift effort.
Lift link pinned in wrong half' of lower lift
shaft arm, 110 Tractors (
-15000).
Refer to operator's manual supplied with
equipment for correct position of link.
Linkage pin not properly installed (in ped
estal).
Install pin correctly.
No Lift When Lift Levey is in Fu.ll Raised Position
CO'nnecting 'rod not properly adjust ed (rod
between lower lift shaft and rear lift shaft)
for mower, integ ral hitch and tiller.
Turn yoke in until lift is obtained.
Lift lever not properly seated in lever hUb.
Position lever correctly in hub.
Lift rod not properly adjusted (front rnounted
equipment) .
Turn yoke in until lift is obtainrd.
Linkage pin not properly installed (in ped
estal) .
Install pin correctly.
Broken weld on primary lift shaft (in ped
estal) .
Replace lift shaH.
Lever quadrant not properly adjusted.
Position quadrant correctly.
Lift link pinned in wrong hole of lower lift
shaft arm, 110 Trac to rs (
-15000).
Refer to operator's manual supplied with
equipment for correct position of link.
Lift link pinned in wrong hole of lower lift
shaft arm, 110 Tractors (
-15000).
Refer to operator's manual supplied with
equipment for correct position of link.
Lift Levey H'ill Nol Slay in Raised Position
Weak or broken release rod spring.
Heplac e spring.
Thumb release not properly seated on re
lease rod.
Put L oc tite on threads and tighten thumb
release on rel e as e rod.
Quadrant 110t properly positioned.
Adjust quad rant.
Litho in U.S. A.
Miscellaneous
Lift Linkage
Tractors, Lawn and Garden - 110 and 112
SM-2059-(Apr-67)
Very Little Doom Travel
70
15-3
Lift Lever Hard to Mov e Forward
Depth control Screw turned all the way down.
Turn depth control screw counterclock
wise.
Helper spring too tight.
Loosen spring tension (release all tension
when using mower).
Lift rod not properly adjusted (front mounted
equipment) .
Turn yoke out.
Lower lift shaft and/ or lift shaft hub lacks
lubrication.
Lubricate fittings.
Connecting rod not properly adjusted (rod
between lower lift shaft and rear lift shaft).
Turn yoke out.
Lift leve r not properly seated in lift lever hub.
Position lever in hUb.
REPAIR
37
38
22
\
\
16
" ~
''' ..
\~
-,
-r
~
~
.
C
/16
c
.'
39
11 0 T RAClOH S (
UP TO SN(
- J550 )
- 3550 )
110 TR AC TORS
(3551- hOO O)
( ~
11 0 1!
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