KERLINK KLK915IBTSC LoRa gateway for IoT chain User Manual

KERLINK SA LoRa gateway for IoT chain

User Manual

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL WIRNET IBTS Written by Approved by Validated by Name MGI YDE RDU Entity DRD CTO DRD Date 08/30/2016 08/30/2016 08/30/2016 HISTORY Date Modification Author Version 03/17/2016 Preliminary version MGI 0.1 04/06/2016 Removed specification part MGI 0.2 06/08/2016 Updated accessories list MGI 0.3 07/05/2016 Updates for IEC 60950-1 compliance MGI 0.4 07/11/2016 Updates for FCC and IC certification MGI 0.5 08/30/2016 Minor updates after internal review MGI 0.6
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 2 / 167 Strict confidential INDEX 1. Description of the Wirnet iBTS ............................................................................................ 16 1.1 Modular architecture ................................................................................................... 16 1.2 Mechanical implementation for standard casing ...................................................... 19 1.2.1 Standard casing ........................................................................................................ 19 1.2.2 Stickers ...................................................................................................................... 21 1.3 Mechanical implementation for compact casing ....................................................... 22 1.3.1 Compact casing......................................................................................................... 22 1.3.2 Stickers ...................................................................................................................... 25 1.4 Block Diagram ............................................................................................................... 26 1.4.1 Common functionalities........................................................................................... 26 1.4.2 Standard version of Wirnet iBTS ............................................................................. 28 1.4.3 “Four Lora Modules” version of Wirnet iBTS ......................................................... 29 1.4.4 Compact version of Wirnet iBTS ............................................................................. 30 1.5 Power consumption ..................................................................................................... 31 1.6 Description of the modules ......................................................................................... 32 1.6.1 CPU module .............................................................................................................. 32 1.6.1.1 Mechanical description .................................................................................. 32 1.6.1.2 Connectors and user interfaces ..................................................................... 33 1.6.1.3 CPU module characteristics ........................................................................... 34 1.6.2 WAN module ............................................................................................................ 36 1.6.2.1 Mechanical description .................................................................................. 36 1.6.2.1 Connectors and user interfaces ..................................................................... 37 1.6.2.2 WAN module characteristics ......................................................................... 38 1.6.2.3 Supported bands ............................................................................................ 38 1.6.2.3.1 LTE - Europe and APAC Mini PCI Express card ......................................... 38 1.6.2.3.1 LTE - Americas Mini PCI Express card ....................................................... 39 1.6.3 LoRa module – LoRa LOC ......................................................................................... 40 1.6.3.1 Mechanical description .................................................................................. 40 1.6.3.1.1 Single “LoRa-LOC” module ........................................................................ 40
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 3 / 167 Strict confidential 1.6.3.1.2 Four “LoRa-LOC” modules ......................................................................... 41 1.6.3.2 Connectors and user interfaces ..................................................................... 42 1.6.3.2.1 Single LoRa-LOC module ........................................................................... 42 1.6.3.2.2 Four LORA-LOC modules ........................................................................... 44 1.6.3.3 LoRa LOC modem characteristics .................................................................. 45 1.6.3.4 Front-end boards ............................................................................................ 46 1.6.3.4.1 Front-end board - Single module.............................................................. 46 1.6.3.4.2 Front-end board - Four modules .............................................................. 47 1.6.3.5 Modulations and data rates........................................................................... 48 1.6.3.6 Frequency bands and channelization............................................................ 48 1.6.3.7 Output Power ................................................................................................. 50 1.6.3.8 Out of band emissions.................................................................................... 50 1.6.3.9 Sensitivity ........................................................................................................ 50 1.6.3.10 RSSI and SNR ................................................................................................... 51 1.6.3.11 Out of band blockers rejection ...................................................................... 52 1.6.3.11.1 868MHz .................................................................................................... 52 1.6.3.11.2 915MHz .................................................................................................... 53 1.6.3.11.3 923MHz .................................................................................................... 53 1.7 Description of the accessories ..................................................................................... 54 1.7.1 PoE injectors ............................................................................................................. 54 1.7.1.1 Indoor Midspan PoE injector 30W ................................................................ 54 1.7.1.2 Indoor Midspan PoE injector 60W ................................................................ 56 1.7.1.3 Outdoor Midspan PoE injector 30W ............................................................. 57 1.7.1.4 Outdoor Midspan PoE injector 60W ............................................................. 59 1.7.2 LoRa antennas .......................................................................................................... 61 1.7.2.1 Omnidirectional antenna 868MHz 3dBi........................................................ 61 1.7.2.2 Omnidirectional antenna 915MHz 3dBi........................................................ 62 1.7.2.3 Omnidirectional antenna 915MHz 6dBi........................................................ 63 1.7.3 Cavity filters .............................................................................................................. 64 1.7.3.1 862-867MHz cavity filter ................................................................................ 64 1.7.3.2 920-925MHz cavity filter ................................................................................ 65 1.7.4 GNSS and WAN antennas ........................................................................................ 67
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 4 / 167 Strict confidential 1.7.4.1 GNSS antenna ................................................................................................. 67 1.7.4.2 LTE antenna..................................................................................................... 67 1.7.4.3 GNSS/LTE magnetic antenna ......................................................................... 68 1.7.5 Cables ........................................................................................................................ 69 1.7.5.1 RJ45 PoE cable ................................................................................................ 69 1.7.5.2 Earthing cables ................................................................................................ 70 1.7.6 Surge protections ..................................................................................................... 71 1.7.6.1 RF coaxial surge protection............................................................................ 71 1.7.6.2 Indoor Ethernet surge protection ................................................................. 71 1.7.6.3 Outdoor Ethernet surge protection .............................................................. 72 1.7.7 Mounting kits............................................................................................................ 74 1.7.7.1 Notched V-shaped pole mounting kit ........................................................... 74 1.7.7.2 Universal antenna bracket ............................................................................. 74 1.7.7.3 Dome antenna bracket................................................................................... 75 1.7.8 Debug tool ................................................................................................................ 77 2. Regulations ............................................................................................................................ 79 2.1 Wirnet iBTS 868 ............................................................................................................ 79 2.1.1 Europe / CE ............................................................................................................... 79 2.1.2 India ........................................................................................................................... 80 2.1.3 South Africa .............................................................................................................. 81 2.1.4 Saudi Arabia .............................................................................................................. 81 2.1.5 United Arab Emirates ............................................................................................... 81 2.1.6 Russia ........................................................................................................................ 82 2.2 Wirnet iBTS 915 ............................................................................................................ 82 2.2.1 USA / FCC .................................................................................................................. 83 2.2.2 Canada / IC ................................................................................................................ 84 2.3 Wirnet iBTS 923 ............................................................................................................ 85 2.3.1 Australia .................................................................................................................... 86 2.3.2 Hong-Kong ................................................................................................................ 87 2.3.3 Korea (Republic of) ................................................................................................... 88 2.3.4 New-Zealand ............................................................................................................. 89 2.3.5 Singapore .................................................................................................................. 90
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 5 / 167 Strict confidential 2.3.6 Japan ......................................................................................................................... 91 3. Key parameters to optimize the radio performance ......................................................... 93 3.1 Height of the site .......................................................................................................... 93 3.2 Propagation model vs area type ................................................................................. 94 3.3 Fresnel ellipsoid ............................................................................................................ 96 3.4 Co-localization with GSM/UMTS/LTE transmitters .................................................... 98 3.4.1 Wirnet iBTS 868 ...................................................................................................... 100 3.4.2 Wirnet iBTS 915 ...................................................................................................... 101 3.4.3 Wirnet iBTS 923 ...................................................................................................... 101 4. Installation procedure ........................................................................................................ 102 4.1 How to open the enclosure ....................................................................................... 102 4.1.1 Standard casing version ......................................................................................... 102 4.1.2 Compact casing version ......................................................................................... 103 4.2 Installation topology .................................................................................................. 106 4.2.1 Single Wirnet iBTS gateway installation ............................................................... 106 4.2.2 Multi-Wirnet iBTS installation ............................................................................... 107 4.3 Electric distribution to the Wirnet iBTS .................................................................... 108 4.3.1 Safety....................................................................................................................... 108 4.3.2 Mains supply ........................................................................................................... 109 4.3.3 POE supply .............................................................................................................. 109 4.3.4 Auxiliary power supply........................................................................................... 109 4.4 Inserting an additional module inside the enclosure .............................................. 110 4.5 Mounting of the enclosure ........................................................................................ 111 4.5.1 General considerations .......................................................................................... 111 4.5.2 Antennas mountings kits ....................................................................................... 111 4.5.2.1 GPS, LTE and LoRa antenna considerations ................................................ 111 4.5.2.2 Distance between antennas ........................................................................ 112 4.5.2.2.1 LoRa antenna vs. LTE antennas............................................................... 112 4.5.2.2.2 LoRa space diversity ................................................................................ 113 4.5.2.3 Universal antenna bracket ........................................................................... 114 4.5.2.4 Dome antenna bracket................................................................................. 116 4.5.3 Mounting of the compact enclosure .................................................................... 118
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 6 / 167 Strict confidential 4.5.3.1 Compact casing mounting kit ...................................................................... 118 4.5.3.2 Wall mounting .............................................................................................. 118 4.5.3.3 Pole mounting by U-bolt .............................................................................. 119 4.5.3.4 Metallic strapping mounting ....................................................................... 120 4.5.4 Mounting of the standard enclosure .................................................................... 120 4.5.4.1 Standard casing mounting kit ...................................................................... 120 4.5.4.2 Wall mounting .............................................................................................. 122 4.5.4.3 Pole mounting by U-bolt .............................................................................. 122 4.5.4.4 Metallic strapping mounting ....................................................................... 123 4.5.5 Mounting of the accessories ................................................................................. 124 4.5.5.1 Indoor PoE injectors ..................................................................................... 124 4.5.5.2 Outdoor PoE injectors .................................................................................. 124 4.5.5.3 Indoor Ethernet surge protection ............................................................... 125 4.5.5.4 Outdoor Ethernet surge protection ............................................................ 125 4.5.5.5 RF coaxial surge protection.......................................................................... 127 4.5.5.6 Cavity filters .................................................................................................. 127 4.6 Setting connections .................................................................................................... 128 4.6.1 Earthing ................................................................................................................... 128 4.6.1.1 Earthing of the Wirnet iBTS mounting kit ................................................... 129 4.6.1.2 Earthing of the Wirnet iBTS Compact mounting kit ................................... 130 4.6.1.3 Earthing of the RF coaxial surge protection ............................................... 131 4.6.1.4 Earthing of the Ethernet surge protection ................................................. 131 4.6.1.5 Earthing of the outdoor PoE injector .......................................................... 132 4.6.2 RF antennas ............................................................................................................ 133 4.6.2.1 GNSS antenna ............................................................................................... 137 4.6.2.2 LTE antenna................................................................................................... 138 4.6.2.3 GNSS / LTE combo antenna ......................................................................... 139 4.6.2.4 LoRa RF Antenna ........................................................................................... 139 4.6.2.4.1 Common generalities .............................................................................. 139 4.6.2.4.2 Single LoRa module / single omnidirectional antenna.......................... 141 4.6.2.4.3 Single LoRa module / dual omnidirectional antennas / diversity ........ 141 4.6.2.4.4 Single LoRa module / single dual polarization antenna ........................ 142
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 7 / 167 Strict confidential 4.6.2.4.5 Two LoRa modules / two omnidirectional antennas / diversity .......... 142 4.6.2.4.6 Two LoRa modules / two dual polarization antennas ........................... 143 4.6.2.4.7 Three LoRa modules / three sectors antennas ...................................... 143 4.6.2.4.8 Three LoRa modules / three sectors antennas / dual polarization ...... 144 4.6.2.4.9 Four LoRa modules / single omnidirectional antenna .......................... 144 4.6.2.4.10 Four LoRa modules / dual omnidirectional antennas / diversity ....... 145 4.6.2.4.11 Four LoRa modules / dual polarization antenna ................................. 145 4.6.3 Ethernet connection .............................................................................................. 146 4.6.4 Mains supply ........................................................................................................... 148 4.6.5 Auxiliary power supply........................................................................................... 148 4.7 Commissioning............................................................................................................ 150 4.7.1 USIM card................................................................................................................ 150 4.7.2 Power ON ................................................................................................................ 151 4.7.3 Functional check ..................................................................................................... 151 4.7.4 Configuration .......................................................................................................... 151 4.8 Lighting protections ................................................................................................... 152 5. Maintenance of the Wirnet iBTS ....................................................................................... 156 5.1 Simple checks.............................................................................................................. 156 5.1.1 Wirnet iBTS enclosure ............................................................................................ 156 5.1.2 User interface ......................................................................................................... 156 5.1.3 Cables and antennas .............................................................................................. 156 5.1.4 PoE injector ............................................................................................................. 157 5.2 Adding or replacing a module ................................................................................... 157 5.3 Interfaces for debug or maintenance purposes ....................................................... 157 5.3.1 Proprietary debug interface .................................................................................. 157 5.3.2 USB interface .......................................................................................................... 159 5.3.3 ON/OFF button ....................................................................................................... 160 5.3.4 Local WEB maintenance interface ........................................................................ 161 5.3.4.1 Configuring network parameters ................................................................ 162 5.3.4.2 Configure credentials ................................................................................... 162 6. List of the accessories ......................................................................................................... 163 7. KERLINK support ................................................................................................................. 166
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 8 / 167 Strict confidential FIGURES Figure 1: LoRa Network topology ...................................................................................................... 15 Figure 2: Wirnet iBTS external view................................................................................................... 17 Figure 3: Wirnet iBTS internal view ................................................................................................... 17 Figure 4: Enclosure internal view ...................................................................................................... 20 Figure 5: Insertion of the modules inside the enclosure .................................................................... 21 Figure 6: Wirnet iBTS Compact external view .................................................................................... 22 Figure 7 : Wirnet iBTS Compact internal view .................................................................................... 23 Figure 8: Insertion of the modules inside the cabinet ........................................................................ 24 Figure 9: Common Wirnet iBTS block diagram................................................................................... 26 Figure 10: Standard Wirnet iBTS block diagram ................................................................................. 28 Figure 11: Wirnet iBTS “4 LoRa modules” block diagram ................................................................... 29 Figure 12: Wirnet iBTS Compact block diagram ................................................................................. 30 Figure 13: Mechanical description of the CPU module ...................................................................... 32 Figure 14: Connectors and user interfaces of the CPU module .......................................................... 34 Figure 15: Mechanical description of the WAN module ..................................................................... 36 Figure 16: Connectors and user interfaces of the CPU module .......................................................... 37 Figure 17: Mechanical description of the LoRa – LOC module............................................................ 40 Figure 18: Mechanical description of the four LoRa LOC modules configuration ................................ 41 Figure 19: Connectors and user interfaces of the LoRa LOC module .................................................. 43 Figure 20: RF1 and RF2 connectors of the LoRa LOC module ............................................................. 43 Figure 21: Connectors and user interfaces of the 4 LoRa LOC modules .............................................. 44 Figure 22: Front-end board block diagram ........................................................................................ 46 Figure 23: Front-end 4 modules board block diagram ....................................................................... 47 Figure 24: Example of SNR, RSSI and RSSI+SNR plots at 125KHz BW / SF7 ......................................... 52 Figure 25 : indoor 30W POE injector ................................................................................................. 55 Figure 26 : 60W POE injector ............................................................................................................ 57 Figure 27 : Outdoor 30W POE injector .............................................................................................. 59 Figure 28 : Outdoor 60W POE injector .............................................................................................. 60 Figure 29 : Radiation pattern of omnidirectional 868MHz/3dBi antenna ........................................... 61 Figure 30 : Radiation pattern of omnidirectional 915MHz/3dBi antenna ........................................... 62 Figure 31 : Radiation pattern of omnidirectional 915MHz/6dBi antenna ........................................... 63 Figure 32 : Dimensions of the 862-867MHz cavity filter..................................................................... 64 Figure 33 : Frequency response of the 862-867MHz cavity filter ....................................................... 65 Figure 34 : Dimensions of the 920-925MHz cavity filter..................................................................... 66 Figure 35 : Frequency response of the 920-925MHz cavity filter ....................................................... 66 Figure 36 :RJ45 T-568A plug .............................................................................................................. 70 Figure 37 : P8AX Citel ........................................................................................................................ 71 Figure 38 : MJ8-POE-B Citel ............................................................................................................... 72 Figure 39 : PD-OUT/SP11 Microsemi ................................................................................................. 73 Figure 40 : Dimensions of the notched V shaped plate ...................................................................... 74 Figure 41 : Universal antenna bracket dimensions ............................................................................ 75 Figure 42 : Dome antenna bracket dimensions.................................................................................. 76
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 9 / 167 Strict confidential Figure 43 : Dome antenna bracket with notched V shaped bolt......................................................... 77 Figure 44 : WIRMA2 Debug Tool connected to the CPU module ........................................................ 78 Figure 45 : Channels allocation in Australia ....................................................................................... 86 Figure 46 : Channels allocation proposal in Singapore ....................................................................... 87 Figure 47 : Channels allocation proposal in Korea ............................................................................. 88 Figure 48 : Channels allocation proposal in New-Zealand .................................................................. 90 Figure 49 : Channels allocation proposal in Singapore ....................................................................... 91 Figure 50 : Channels allocation proposal in Japan.............................................................................. 92 Figure 51 : Urban (small city) Hata propagation model – RSSI (dBm) vs distance (meters) vs height of the antenna ...................................................................................................................................... 93 Figure 52 : Rural countryside Hata propagation model - RSSI (dBm) vs distance (meters) vs height of the antenna ...................................................................................................................................... 94 Figure 53 : Hata propagation model vs area configuration (Height = 12m) – RSSI (dBm) vs distance (m) ......................................................................................................................................................... 95 Figure 54 : Hata propagation model vs area configuration (Height = 30m) – RSSI (dBm) vs distance (m) ......................................................................................................................................................... 95 Figure 55 : Fading effects due to obstacles ........................................................................................ 96 Figure 56 : Fresnel ellipsoid clearance ............................................................................................... 97 Figure 57 : Fresnel ellipsoid and earth curvature ............................................................................... 97 Figure 58 : Typical antenna gain pattern of a GSM BTS ...................................................................... 99 Figure 59 : Typical gain of 3dBi omnidirectional antenna................................................................... 99 Figure 60 : Typical gain of a sectorial antenna ................................................................................. 100 Figure 61: Wirnet iBTS – plastic clips on the lid ............................................................................... 102 Figure 62: Wirnet iBTS – 4x M5 screws ............................................................................................ 103 Figure 63 : Open points of the compact enclosure .......................................................................... 104 Figure 64 : Opening of the compact enclosure with screwdriver ..................................................... 105 Figure 65 : Single station installation (with USIM) ........................................................................... 106 Figure 66 : Single station installation (No USIM) .............................................................................. 106 Figure 67 : Multi-station installation (No USIM) .............................................................................. 107 Figure 68 : Power distribution in the installation ............................................................................. 108 Figure 69 : Position of the universal antenna support when mounted on the compact enclosure support ........................................................................................................................................... 113 Figure 70 : Wall mount of the universal antenna bracket ................................................................ 114 Figure 71 : Pole mounting of the universal antenna bracket using strapping ................................... 114 Figure 72 : Universal antenna bracket with compact casing mounting kit ........................................ 115 Figure 73 : LoRa antenna mounted on universal antenna bracket ................................................... 116 Figure 74 : N connector introduced in the hole of the dome antenna bracket ................................. 117 Figure 75 : Antenna installed on the dome antenna bracket ........................................................... 117 Figure 76 : Compact casing mounting kit dimensions ...................................................................... 118 Figure 77 : Compact casing - Wall mount ........................................................................................ 118 Figure 78 : Compact casing - Pole mount using U-bolt ..................................................................... 119 Figure 79 : Compact casing - rear view of the pole mounting using U-bolt (no pole represented) .... 119 Figure 80 : Compact casing - Pole mount using strapping ................................................................ 120 Figure 81 : Standard casing mounting kit dimensions ...................................................................... 121 Figure 82 : Rear view of the standard casing with mounting kit ....................................................... 121 Figure 83 : Compact casing - Wall mount ........................................................................................ 122 Figure 84 : Standard casing - Pole mount using U-bolts ................................................................... 122
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 10 / 167 Strict confidential Figure 85 : Compact casing - rear view of the pole mounting using U-bolt (no pole represented) .... 123 Figure 86 : Standard casing - Pole mount using strapping ................................................................ 123 Figure 87 : Screws for indoor POE injectors mounting ..................................................................... 124 Figure 88 : Screws for outdoor POE injectors mounting................................................................... 124 Figure 89 : Mounting bracket for outdoor POE injectors ................................................................. 125 Figure 90 : Indoor Ethernet surge protection – DIN rail clip ............................................................. 125 Figure 91 : Outdoor Ethernet Surge protection – wall mounting ..................................................... 126 Figure 92 : Outdoor Ethernet Surge protection – pole mounting with strapping .............................. 126 Figure 93 : connection settings of the installation ........................................................................... 128 Figure 94 : Standard casing – earthing with U bolt configuration ..................................................... 129 Figure 95 : Standard casing – earthing without U bolt configuration ............................................... 129 Figure 96 : Compact casing – earthing with U bolt configuration ..................................................... 130 Figure 97 : Compact casing – earthing without U bolt configuration................................................ 130 Figure 98 : Earthing of the RF coaxial surge protection .................................................................... 131 Figure 99 : Earthing of the indoor Ethernet surge protection........................................................... 132 Figure 100 : Earthing of the outdoor Ethernet surge protection ...................................................... 132 Figure 101 : Earthing of the outdoor PoE injector ............................................................................ 133 Figure 102 : nominal configuration of N connectors - standard casing ............................................. 134 Figure 103 : Recommended allocation of the N connectors – Standard casing ................................ 135 Figure 104 : Nominal configuration of N connectors - compact casing ............................................. 136 Figure 105 : GNSS antenna cabling, internal and external................................................................ 137 Figure 106 : LTE antenna cabling, internal and external................................................................... 138 Figure 107 : GPS and LTE cabling within Wirnet iBTS Compact ........................................................ 139 Figure 108 : Connection of the RF coaxial cable............................................................................... 140 Figure 109 : attachment of the RF antenna coaxial cable................................................................. 140 Figure 110 : Single LoRa module / single omnidirectional antenna connections .............................. 141 Figure 111 : Single LoRa module / dual omnidirectional antennas connections ............................... 141 Figure 112 : Single LoRa module / single dual polarization antenna connections ............................. 142 Figure 113 : Two LoRa modules / two omnidirectional antennas / diversity connections................. 142 Figure 114 : Two LoRa modules / two dual polarization antennas connections................................ 143 Figure 115 : Three LoRa modules / three sectors antennas connections .......................................... 143 Figure 116 : Three LoRa modules / three sectors antennas / dual polarization connections ............ 144 Figure 117 : Four LoRa modules / single omnidirectional antenna connections ............................... 144 Figure 118 : Four LoRa modules / dual omnidirectional antennas / diversity connections ............... 145 Figure 119 : Four LoRa modules / dual polarization antenna connections ....................................... 145 Figure 120 : Ethernet connection on Wirnet iBTS side / cable gland ................................................ 146 Figure 121 : Ethernet connection on Wirnet iBTS side ..................................................................... 147 Figure 122 : Ethernet connection on PoE injector side .................................................................... 148 Figure 123 : Auxiliary DC power supply connector ........................................................................... 149 Figure 124 : USIM Card ................................................................................................................... 150 Figure 125 : Installation with recommended lighting protections .................................................... 152 Figure 126 : Installation with recommended lighting protections / Outdoor PoE injector ................ 154 Figure 127 : Wirma2 Debug tool connected to the Wirnet iBTS ....................................................... 158 Figure 128 : Serial port configuration .............................................................................................. 159 Figure 129 : USB connector of the Wirnet iBTS ................................................................................ 159 Figure 130 : ON/OFF button of the Wirnet iBTS............................................................................... 160 Figure 131 : Local Ethernet interface of the Wirnet iBTS ................................................................. 161
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 11 / 167 Strict confidential REFERENCES Reference Document / link Description [1] https://www.lora-alliance.org/For-Developers/LoRaWANDevelopers LoRaWAN™ Specification V1.0.1 February 2016 [2] E-CON-Product_Description_Wirnet_iBTS-V1.4.docx GLOSSARY Abbreviation Description ADC Analog to Digital Converter AES Advanced Encryption Standard AGC Automatic Gain Control AMR Automatic Meter Reading ANATEL Agência NAcional de TELecomunicações (Brazilian agency of telecommunications) AP Access Point APAC Asia PACific APC Automated Power Control API Application Programming Interface APN Access Point Name ARM Advanced RISC Machine BER Bit error Rate BLER Block Error rate BTS Base Transceiver Station BW Band Width CAN Control Area Network CDMA Code Division Multiple Access CMOS Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor CPU Central Processing Unit DAC Digital to Analog Converter DDR Double Data Rate DDRAM Double Data Rate RAM DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 12 / 167 Strict confidential DIN Deutsches Institut für Normung (German Institute for Standardization) DOTA Download Over The Air DSP Digital Signal Processor DVFS Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling EDGE Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution EIRP Equivalent Isotropically Radiated Power EMC ElectroMagnetic Compatibility eMMC Embedded Multi Media Card FCC Federal Communications Commission FER Frame Error Rate FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array FTP File Transfer Protocol GNSS Global Navigation Satellite System GMSK Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying GPIO General Purpose Input Output GPRS General Packet Radio Service GPS Global Positioning System GSM Global System for Mobile communication HSPA High Speed Packet Access HTTP HyperText Transfer Protocol IC Integrated Circuit or Industry Canada IK Mechanical Impact IO In / Out IoT Internet of Things IP Internet Protocol or Ingress Protection IrDA Infrared Data Association ISM Industrial Scientific and Medical I2C Inter Integrated Circuit I2S Inter IC Sound KLK KERLINK KNET KERLINK M2M network LBT Listen Before Talk LDO Low Drop Out LED Light-Emitting Diode LNA Low Noise Amplifier LoRa Long Range LSZH Low Smoke Zero Halogen LTE Long Term Evolution LUT Look Up table
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 13 / 167 Strict confidential LVDS Low Voltage Differential Signaling M2M Machine to Machine MIPS Millions of Instructions Per Second MFLOPS Million FLoating-point Operations Per Second NFS Network File System NMEA National Marine Electronics Association PA Power Amplifier PC Personal Computer or Polycarbonate PCB Printed Circuit Board PCI Peripheral Component Interconnect PER Packet Error Rate PLL Phase Locked loop PoE Power over Ethernet PU Polyurethane RAM Random Access Memory RF Radio Frequency RSSI Received Signal Strength Indicator RTC Real Time Clock RX Receive SAW Surface Acoustic Wave SDIO Secure Digital Input Output SI Système d’Information SIM Subscriber Identity Module SMA SubMiniature version A SMB SubMiniature version B SNR Signal to Noise Ratio SPDT Single Pole Double Throw SPI Serial Peripheral Interface bus SSH Secure Shell SSTP Screened Shielded Twisted Pair STP Shielded Twisted Pair TBD To Be Defined TCP Transmission Control Protocol TDOA Time Difference On Arrival TPE ThermoPlastic Elastomer TX Transmit UART Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter UFL Miniature coaxial RF connector manufactured by Hirose Electric Group UICC Universal Integrated Circuit Card
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 14 / 167 Strict confidential UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunications System USB Universal Serial Bus USIM Universal Subscriber Identity Module UV UltraViolet VLIW Very Long Instruction Word WAN Wide Area Network WLAN Wireless Local Area Network VHF Very High Frequency 3G Third generation of mobile telecommunications technology 3GPP 3rd Generation Partnership Project 4G Fourth generation of mobile telecommunications technology 8PSK Eight Phase shift Keying
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 15 / 167 Strict confidential INTRODUCTION The Wirnet iBTS station is part of the global Long Range Radio fixed network to provide M2M connectivity link between low power end-point and Internet Access. The gateway architecture is specifically designed for the needs of public networks operators. Figure 1: LoRa Network topology The Wirnet iBTS is based on “Next Generation LoRa” technology provided by Semtech Company. It is compatible and interoperable with existing LoRa LPWAN and offers GPS-free geolocalization features. Wirnet iBTS architecture is completely modular and upgradable to offer multiple configurations to cover different countries and areas around the world: Please check the appropriate version for the dedicated country. Contact KERLINK if required. The present document addresses all the above Wirnet iBTS versions.
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 16 / 167 Strict confidential 1. Description of the Wirnet iBTS 1.1 Modular architecture The Wirnet iBTS has a modular architecture allowing the operator to configure and upgrade the gateway to fulfill its needs. Thanks to the modularity the operator is able to choose: - The backhaul network: Ethernet or GPRS/EDGE/HSPA/CDMA/LTE - The unlicensed band (ISM) where to operate the LoRa LPWAN: 868MHz, 902-928MHz or 915-928MHz - The number of channels to operate the LoRa LPWAN: 8 to 64 - The antenna interface: single (omnidirectional), dual (space diversity or dual polarization) or tri (sectorization) Four different modules can be integrated in the Wirnet iBTS: • CPU Module, which includes the main following features: o Power management of the Wirnet iBTS o CPU o Memories o GNSS receiver (GPS) • WAN Module, which provides the backhaul functionality: o Backup battery o 4G modem declined in 3 versions depending on the geographical area:  Europe  Americas  APAC • LoRa module – LoRa LOC, which can be also derived in 3 versions : o 868MHz (863-873MHz) o 915MHz (902-928MHz) o 923MHz (915-928MHz) The Wirnet iBTS can integrate from one to four « LoRa modules ». In this particular “4 LoRa modules” configuration, a specific “front-end” board and mechanical lid are used to combine the four “LoRa modules” together (see §1.4.3 for further details). In its maximum size configuration, the Wirnet iBTS can then integrate six modules: one “CPU module”, one “WAN module” and four “LoRa modules”. The Figure 2 below shows an external view of the Wirnet iBTS:
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 17 / 167 Strict confidential Figure 2: Wirnet iBTS external view The Figure 3 below shows an internal view of the Wirnet iBTS, featuring three “LoRa modules”, one “CPU module” and one “WAN module”: Figure 3: Wirnet iBTS internal view CPU Module (CPU, power + GPS) WAN Module (LTE) LoRa Modules (x3)
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 18 / 167 Strict confidential As part of the Wirnet iBTS modularity, many accessories can be provided for configuration purpose: - GNSS antennas - LTE antennas - LoRa antennas - RF cavity filters - PoE injectors - Surge protections The full list of accessories is detailed in §1.7 and §6.
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 19 / 167 Strict confidential 1.2 Mechanical implementation for standard casing 1.2.1 Standard casing The Wirnet iBTS station is built on a robust IP66 aluminum enclosure of 280 x 250 x 120 mm. It is composed of two separated parts: the frame and a lid. The lid tightens to the frame trough M5 screws, hidden by two plastic clip-on design covers. A mounting kit is screwed on the back of the enclosure, allowing several mounting configurations: wall mount, pole mount and metallic strapping. The left and right sides of the enclosure integrate two waterproof screw-in vents to equalize the pressure inside and outside. This reduces condensation by allowing air to flow freely into and out of the sealed enclosure. At the same time, they provide a durable barrier to protect the internal modules from contaminants like dust, sand, water, etc … improving reliability, safety and longer product life. The bottom side of the enclosure is dedicated for the connectors: • 1 x M25 cable gland used to introduce the Ethernet cable (PoE) inside the enclosure • 3 x N-SMB adapters used as RF interfaces for the antennas: o 1 for GNSS antenna (GPS) o 1 for WAN antenna (GSM/HSDPA/LTE) o 1 for LoRa antenna. The number of LoRa antenna interfaces can be extended to 6. • 8 x M16 blind stops. They are considered as provisions for N-SMB connectors to be used for additional antennas (LoRa or WAN) or external power supply cable gland. Blind threaded standoffs are inserted in the rear side the enclosure. They are used to screw and maintain the modules inside the enclosure. The modules can be easily inserted and extracted for maintenance and upgradability purposes. The Figure 4 below shows the different components inside the enclosure.
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 20 / 167 Strict confidential Figure 4: Enclosure internal view The main characteristics of the enclosure are detailed hereafter: Description Specification Enclosure material Aluminum Gasket material TPE Mounting kit material Stainless steel Color RAL 9010 Dimensions with connectors 300 x 280 x 120 mm Dimensions with connectors + mounting kit 300 x 320 x 125 mm Weight – no modules 5.4 Kg Weight – 3 modules configuration 7.2 Kg Ingress protection IP66 / EN 60529 Humidity 95% non-condensing Impact resistance IK08 Flammability rating UL94-V0 Number of pressure equalizer 2 Enclosure temperature range -40°C to +120°C Wirnet iBTS operating temperature range -20°C to +55°C Connectors 1 x M25 cable gland (PoE) 3 x N-SMB adapters (extension to 11 max) 8 x M16 blind stops (provisions for N-SMB or cable gland) Mounting kit M25 cable gland (PoE) N-SMB adapters M16 blind stops Sticker for regulatory (FCC, IC, ANATEL, …) Screw-in vents Sticker w/ serial number, regulatory, … Blind threaded standoffs
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 21 / 167 Strict confidential The modules are screwed on the blind threaded standoffs to build the Wirnet iBTS according to customer requirements. The modules are tightened all together with two mechanisms: • the back panel board connectors, • the wing screws assembling the mechanical sides (radiators) of the modules SMB-SMB cables are provided to interconnect the RF interfaces of the modules to the SMB-N adapters, on the bottom side of the enclosure. Figure 5: Insertion of the modules inside the enclosure 1.2.2 Stickers The Wirnet iBTS has two stickers placed inside and outside the casing: - A sticker on the rear of the Wirnet iBTS enclosure including serial number, regulatory markings and electrical information. - A sticker outside the enclosure including regulatory marking, logo and sentences depending on the countries (FCC, IC, ANATEL, etc …). The placement of the stickers is described on Figure 4. CPU Module (CPU, power + GPS) WAN Module (LTE) LoRa Module (x1) Back panel board connector Wing screws
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 22 / 167 Strict confidential 1.3 Mechanical implementation for compact casing 1.3.1 Compact casing The Wirnet iBTS Compact station is built on a high impact resistant IP67 polycarbonate wall mounting cabinet that withstands harsh industrial and outdoor environments. It offers excellent flammability rating, good UV resistance and also good chemical resistance. The dimensions of the cabinet are 260 mm x 170 mm x 120 mm. It is composed of two separated parts: the frame and a lid. The lid tightens to the frame trough two hinges that can be opened or closed by simple clipping. No screws are required but only optional. A mounting kit, with embedded antenna brackets, is screwed on the back of the enclosure, allowing several mounting configurations: wall mount, pole mount and metallic strapping. Figure 6: Wirnet iBTS Compact external view The left and right sides of the enclosure integrate two waterproof screw-in vents to equalize the pressure inside and outside. This reduces condensation by allowing air to flow freely into and out of the sealed enclosure. At the same time, they provide a durable barrier to protect the internal modules from contaminants like dust, sand, water, etc … improving reliability, safety and longer product life. The bottom side of the enclosure is dedicated for the connectors: • 1 x M25 cable gland used to introduce the Ethernet cable (PoE) inside the enclosure • 1 x N-SMB adapters used as RF interfaces for LoRa antenna. The number of LoRa antenna interfaces can be extended to two. LoRa antenna bracket Mounting kit M25 cable gland (PoE) N-SMB adapter M16 blind stop
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 23 / 167 Strict confidential • 1 x M16 blind stop. It is considered as provision for an N-SMB connector to be used for additional LoRa antenna or external power supply cable gland. An internal metal plate features a GNSS/LTE antenna bracket. An internal GNSS/LTE magnetic mount antenna is placed on this bracket. Blind threaded standoffs are inserted in the rear side the enclosure. They are used to screw and maintain the modules inside the enclosure. The modules can be easily inserted and extracted for maintenance and upgradability purposes. The Figure 7 below shows the different components inside the enclosure. Figure 7 : Wirnet iBTS Compact internal view The main characteristics of the cabinet are detailed hereafter: Description Specification Enclosure material Polycarbonate (PC) Gasket material Polyurethane (PU) Mounting kit material Stainless steel Color RAL 7035 Dimensions with connectors 280 x 170 x 120 mm Dimensions with connectors + mounting kit 360 x 190 x 150 mm LoRa antenna bracket Mounting kit M25 cable gland (PoE) N-SMB adapter M16 blind stop Screw-in vents Sticker w/ serial number, regulatory, … Sticker for regulatory (FCC, IC, ANATEL, …) GNSS/LTE antenna bracket Top hinge Bottom hinge
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 24 / 167 Strict confidential Weight – 3 modules configuration 3 Kg Ingress protection IP66 / EN 60529 Humidity 95% non-condensing Impact resistance IK08 Flammability rating UL94-V0 Number of pressure equalizer 2 Cabinet temperature range -40°C to +105°C Wirnet iBTS operating temperature range -20°C to +55°C Connectors 1 x M25 cable gland (PoE) 1 x N-SMB adapters (extension to 2 max) 1 x M16 blind stops (provision for N-SMB or cable gland) The modules are screwed on the blind threaded standoffs to build the Wirnet iBTS Compact according to customer requirements. The Wirnet iBTS Compact can embed up to 3 modules. The modules are tightened all together with two mechanisms: • the back panel board connectors, • the wing screws assembling the mechanical sides (radiators) of the modules SMB-SMB cables are provided to interconnect the RF interfaces of the modules to the SMB-N adapters, on the bottom side of the enclosure. Figure 8: Insertion of the modules inside the cabinet CPU Module (CPU, power + GPS) WAN Module (LTE) LoRa Module (x1) GNSS/LTE antenna bracket Wing screws
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 25 / 167 Strict confidential 1.3.2 Stickers The Wirnet iBTS Compact has two stickers placed inside and outside the casing: - A sticker on the bottom of the Wirnet iBTS Compact cabinet including serial number, regulatory markings and electrical information. - A sticker outside the cabinet including regulatory marking, logo and sentences depending on the countries (FCC, IC, ANATEL, etc …). The placement of the stickers is described on Figure 7.
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 26 / 167 Strict confidential 1.4 Block Diagram 1.4.1 Common functionalities The following figure describes the hardware architecture and basic principles that are common to the many Wirnet iBTS versions. In this particular case, we consider a configuration with one “CPU module”, one “WAN module” and one “LoRa Module”. Figure 9: Common Wirnet iBTS block diagram The Wirnet iBTS is power supplied by a PoE injector through the RJ45 cable. The RJ45 cable is introduced into the enclosure through the M25 cable gland and connected to the RJ45 connector of the CPU module. An alternate option of power supply consists in using an auxiliary power supply (11V-55V DC) and connects it to the Euroblock connector of the CPU module. The CPU Module insures the main followings features: o Power management unit o Cortex A9 CPU o Memories (8GB eMMC and 256Mb DDR) o GNSS receiver (GPS) with one RF SMA connector to connect the GNSS antenna The CPU module is connected to the other modules through a back panel board allowing, the management of all the modules inside the Wirnet iBTS.
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 27 / 167 Strict confidential The “WAN Module” provides the backhaul functionality. It includes: o Backup battery o A 4G Mini PCI Express module that can be declined in 2 versions depending on the geographical area:  Europe and APAC  Americas o The USIM card holder o A RF SMB connector to connect a LTE antenna o A 868MHz or 915MHz notch filter to avoid desensitization of the LoRa receivers The “LoRa modules” can be derived in 3 bands versions to address different countries: o 868MHz (863-873MHz) o 915MHz (902-928MHz) o 923MHz (915-928MHz) The RF front-end board is configured to support a single antenna (16 channels) or two antennas (2x8 channels).
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 28 / 167 Strict confidential 1.4.2 Standard version of Wirnet iBTS The following figure describes the functional architecture for the standard Wirnet iBTS version i.e. including from one to three “LoRa Modules”: Figure 10: Standard Wirnet iBTS block diagram The RF front-end board of the “Lora modules” can be derived in 3 bands versions to address different countries: o 868MHz (863-873MHz) o 915MHz (902-928MHz) o 923MHz (915-928MHz) The RF front-end board is configured to support a single antenna (16 channels) or two antennas (2x8 channels). This could lead then to a “six LoRa antennas” configurations in the maximum use case (tri-sectors, dual polarization antenna for instance). The GPS (GNSS) connector, the WAN (LTE) connector and LoRa connectors are available on the bottom side of the enclosure. All antennas are external antennas.
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 29 / 167 Strict confidential 1.4.3 “Four Lora Modules” version of Wirnet iBTS The following figure describes the functional architecture for a “4 LoRa modules” version, featuring a maximum of 64 channels. Figure 11: Wirnet iBTS “4 LoRa modules” block diagram In this particular configuration, the mechanical front-end lids and front-end boards of each individual “LoRa Module” are removed. They are replaced by a bigger RF front end board and front-end lid that combine the 4 LoRa modules together. This bigger RF front-end board can be derived in 2 bands versions to address different countries: o 915MHz (902-928MHz) o 923MHz (915-928MHz) The 868MHz band is not available in this configuration. The bigger RF front-end board is configured to support a single antenna (64 channels) or two antennas (2x32 channels). The GPS (GNSS) connector, the WAN (LTE) connector and LoRa connectors are available on the bottom side of the enclosure. The antennas are all external antennas.
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 30 / 167 Strict confidential 1.4.4 Compact version of Wirnet iBTS The following figure describes the functional architecture of the Wirnet iBTS Compact: Figure 12: Wirnet iBTS Compact block diagram The RF front-end board of the “Lora modules” can be derived in 3 bands versions to address different countries: o 868MHz (863-873MHz) o 915MHz (902-928MHz) o 923MHz (915-928MHz) The RF front-end board is configured to support a single antenna (16 channels) or two antennas (2x8 channels). The Wirnet iBTS Compact embeds an internal GPS (GNSS) / WAN (LTE) combo antenna compared to external antenna for standard enclosure. The LoRa connectors are available on the bottom side of the enclosure. The LoRa antennas are external antennas.
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 31 / 167 Strict confidential 1.5 Power consumption The maximum power consumption of each individual module is detailed hereafter: Module Power consumption CPU module (20% load) 1.8W max WAN module (HSPA, 25% Tx, 75% Rx) 1.7W max LoRa LOC module (Rx mode) 6.5W max The maximum power consumption per day of the Wirnet iBTS is then the following: Wirnet iBTS Power consumption Wirnet iBTS Compact (1 LoRa LOC Module) 237Wh max Wirnet iBTS with 2 x LoRa LOC Modules 392Wh max Wirnet iBTS with 3 x LoRa LOC Modules 547Wh max Wirnet iBTS with 4 x LoRa LOC Modules 702Wh max Note: the power supply of the Wirnet iBTS must be a limited power source.
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 32 / 167 Strict confidential 1.6 Description of the modules 1.6.1 CPU module 1.6.1.1 Mechanical description The CPU module is composed of four main mechanical parts: • A “three-sides” flange including: o the connectors and interfaces placement o venting of internal boards through many holes • A rear plate with DIN rail clipping points and spring • Two radiators used as right and left side flanges Figure 13: Mechanical description of the CPU module The main mechanical characteristics of the CPU module are detailed hereafter: Description Specification Radiators material Aluminum Other flanges material Galvanized Steel Dimensions 156 mm x 88 mm x 38 mm Weight 500 g Ingress protection IP30 Rear plate Spring DIN rail clipping points Radiators « 3 sides » flange Holes Back panel connector
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 33 / 167 Strict confidential 1.6.1.2 Connectors and user interfaces The CPU module includes the following user interfaces and connectors: Module side Connector / interface Description Front side Sensor Light sensor to detect aperture of the enclosure Front side ON/OFF button Press this button to power ON and power OFF the CPU module and therefore the Wirnet iBTS Front side GPS SMA RF connector GPS input signal to be connected to the GPS antenna (internal or external) Front side USB type A connector Used for firmware upgrade with a USB stick Front side RJ45 Local connector Local Ethernet connection – interface to portable PC Front side RJ45 Debug connector Serial debug interface – use debug tool described in §1.7.8 Front side 11-56V Euroblock connector Auxiliary power supply. Polarity indicated on the front panel Right side Back panel HE10 40 contacts connector Distributes the power supplies and high speed serial bus to other modules Bottom side RJ45 PoE connector Ethernet + powers supply coming from PoE injector and introduced in the enclosure through the M25 cable gland The three RJ45 connectors (PoE, LOCAL and debug) integrates 2 LEDs, one green and one orange. The behavior of the LEDs is detailed hereafter: Connector LED Description LOCAL Green Ethernet data activity LOCAL Orange Ethernet Link PoE/LAN Green Ethernet data activity PoE/LAN Orange Ethernet Link DEBUG Green Power status DEBUG Orange Software status/ activity
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 34 / 167 Strict confidential Figure 14: Connectors and user interfaces of the CPU module Note: The debug interface is intended to be used by authorized and qualified personnel only. Only specific equipment developed by KERLINK must be connected to this interface (see §1.7.8.) 1.6.1.3 CPU module characteristics The CPU module includes the following features: Feature Description Processor ARM Cortex A9, 800MHz core Memories 256MB DDRAM – Volatile memory 8GB eMMC– Non-volatile memory Watchdog Hardware type Security Secure core Information encryption Secure Boot Secure software download RTC RTC clock saved by back-up battery GPS Integrated high sensitivity GNSS module GPS L1C/A, GLONASS L1OF, BeiDou B1, QZSS L1C/A, SBAS L1C/A and Galileo E1B/C ready
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 35 / 167 Strict confidential NMEA 0183, version 4.0 Time pulse (PPS) accuracy < 20ns for LoRa geolocalization Power PoE controller 48V IEEE 802.3af/at LTPoE Auxiliary 11-56 VDC Backup-battery for RTC saving Integrated power management unit in CPU Ethernet 10/100/1000 Base-T PoE IEEE802.3af/at and LTPoE++ IEEE1588 version 2 time stamping compatible Automatic polarity correction 1 x RJ45 WAN/POE 1 x RJ45 LOCAL, interface to Portable PC PLL High performance, low jitter PLL PTP, IEEE1588 capabilities GPS PPS used as reference clock Free-run and holdover modes USB USB HS type A Slave DEBUG UART interface Debug tool to be used for UART to USB adaptation Sensors Light sensor to detect aperture of the enclose Pressure sensor Temperature sensor Auto test Internal power supplies check Interfaces and peripherals check User interface LED used for diagnostic (see §1.6.1.2) ON/OFF button Operating temperature range -20°C to +85°C Current drain @48V 12mA in Power OFF mode (required to maintain PoE supply) 35mA @ 20% load CPU + Ethernet Gbits (PoE) 43mA @ 20% load CPU + Ethernet Gbits (PoE) + Local Ethernet
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 36 / 167 Strict confidential 1.6.2 WAN module 1.6.2.1 Mechanical description The WAN module is composed of four main mechanical parts: • A “three-sides” flange including: o the connectors and interfaces placement o venting of internal boards through many holes • A rear plate with DIN rail clipping points and spring • Two radiators used as right and left side flanges Figure 15: Mechanical description of the WAN module The main mechanical characteristics of the WAN module are detailed hereafter: Description Specification Radiators material Aluminum Other flanges material Galvanized Steel Dimensions 156 mm x 88 mm x 38 mm Weight 500 g Ingress protection IP30 Rear plate Spring DIN rail clipping points Radiators « 3 sides » flange Holes Back panel connector
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 37 / 167 Strict confidential 1.6.2.1 Connectors and user interfaces The WAN module includes the following user interfaces and connectors: Module side Connector / interface Description Front side WAN RF connector WAN 4G RF signal to be connected to the LTE antenna (internal or external) Front side USIM connector Push-push connector Insert USIM according to the besides picture Right side Back panel HE10 male 40 contacts connector Transmit the power supplies and high speed serial bus to the next module Left side Back panel HE10 female 40 contacts connector Receive the power supplies and high speed serial bus from the previous module Figure 16: Connectors and user interfaces of the CPU module Note: UFL to SMA coaxial cables are used to connect the Mini PCI Express card to the antennas.
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 38 / 167 Strict confidential 1.6.2.2 WAN module characteristics The WAN module supports the following features: Feature Description Mini PCI Express Interface USB only (no PCI Express interface available) Full Mini Card form factor (F1, F2) 2 versions available (see § 1.6.2.3) Backup battery 5 x 25F/2.7V supercapacitors 15 minutes charging time Up to one minute capacity to ensure safe power down of the Wirnet iBTS Operating temperature range -20°C to +85°C Current drain @48V 21mA HSPA Rx (attached) 72mA HSPA Tx@Pout max 1.6.2.3 Supported bands The WAN module embeds a Mini PCI express board is a LTE modem that can be provided in 2 versions: • One for Europe and APAC • One for Americas 1.6.2.3.1 LTE - Europe and APAC Mini PCI Express card The first 4G Mini PCI Express card is dedicated to the European and APAC markets. This module is already GCF approved and meets the Radio Equipment and Telecommunications Terminal Equipment (R&TTE) Directive of the European Union. The bands and data rate supported by the module are the following: Technology Band Data rate LTE 3GPP Release 9 Band 1 (2100MHz) Band 3 (1800MHz) Band 7 (2600MHz) Band 8 (900MHz) Band 20 (800MHz) Category 3 • Downlink: o 100Mbps (20MHz BW) o 50Mbps (10MHz BW) • Uplink: o 50Mbps (20MHz BW) o 25Mbps (10MHz BW) UMTS HSPA 3GPP Release 8 Band 1 (2100MHz) Band 2 (1900MHz) Band 5 (850MHz) Band 8 (900MHz) HSPA+ rates: • Downlink: up to 42Mbps (category 24) • Uplink: up to 5.76Mbps (category 6)
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 39 / 167 Strict confidential GSM GPRS EDGE 3GPP Release 99 GSM 850 (850MHz) EGSM 900 (900MHz) DCS 1800 (1800MHz) PCS 1900 (1900MHz) GPRS Multislot class 10 GPRS Multislot class 12 CS1 to CS4 MCS1 to MCS9 EDGE throughput up to 236kbps 1.6.2.3.1 LTE - Americas Mini PCI Express card The next 4G Mini PCI Express card is dedicated to the American market. This module is already PTCRB and CDG2 approved. It is also FCC and IC certified: • FCC ID: N7NMC7355 • IC ID: 2417C-MC7355 The bands and data rate supported by the module are the following: Technology Band Data rate LTE 3GPP Release 9 Band 2 (1900MHz) Band 4 (1700/2100MHz) Band 5 (850MHz) Band 13 (700MHz) Band 17 (700MHz) Band 25 (1900MHz) Category 3 • Downlink: o 100Mbps (20MHz BW) o 50Mbps (10MHz BW) • Uplink: o 50Mbps (20MHz BW) o 25Mbps (10MHz BW) CDMA EVDO release 0 EVDO release A BC0 (800MHz) BC1 (1900MHz) BC10 (800MHz) CDMA IS-856 (1xEV-DO Release A) • Up to 3.1 Mbps forward channel • Up to 1.8 Mbps reverse channel CDMA IS-2000 • Up to 153 kbps, simultaneous forward and reverse channel Circuit-switched data bearers up to 14.4 kbps UMTS HSPA 3GPP Release 8 Band 1 (2100MHz) Band 2 (1900MHz) Band 4 (1700/2100MHz) Band 5 (850MHz) Band 8 (900MHz) HSPA+ rates: • Downlink: up to 42Mbps (category 24) • Uplink: up to 5.76Mbps (category 6) GSM GPRS EDGE 3GPP Release 99 GSM 850 (850MHz) EGSM 900 (900MHz) DCS 1800 (1800MHz) PCS 1900 (1900MHz) GPRS Multislot class 10 GPRS Multislot class 12 CS1 to CS4 MCS1 to MCS9 EDGE throughput up to 236kbps
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 40 / 167 Strict confidential 1.6.3 LoRa module – LoRa LOC 1.6.3.1 Mechanical description 1.6.3.1.1 Single “LoRa-LOC” module The LoRa-LOC module is composed of five main mechanical parts: • A “three-sides” flange including: o the connectors and interfaces placement o venting of internal boards through many holes • A rear plate with DIN rail clipping points and spring • Two radiators used as right and left side flanges • A front-end lid, used as a shield for the front-end board Figure 17: Mechanical description of the LoRa – LOC module The rear plate and the two radiators side flanges are the same as the one used for the CPU module or the WAN module. The “three-sides” flange is different from the one used for the CPU module or WAN modules due to different interfaces and connectors but dimensions are the same. The front-end lid is then a particular mechanical part dedicated only for the LoRa modules. The front-end lid is tightened to the other mechanical parts through the wing screws on the front. Rear plate Spring DIN rail clipping points Radiators « 3 sides » flange Front-end lid Back panel connectors Holes Wing screws
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 41 / 167 Strict confidential The main mechanical characteristics of the Lora module are detailed hereafter: Description Specification Radiators material Aluminum Other flanges and lid material Galvanized Steel Dimensions 156 mm x 102 mm x 38 mm Weight 600 g Ingress protection IP30 The Lora-LOC board integrates the LoRa-LOC modem based on the AD9361 transceiver (Analog Devices) and SX1301 (Semtech) + DSP as demodulators. A front-end board embeds the radio transmitters and receivers. Three versions are derived to support the different unlicensed bands: • 868MHz (863-873MHz) • 915MHz (902-928MHz) • 923MHz (915-928MHz) 1.6.3.1.2 Four “LoRa-LOC” modules The four “LoRa-LOC” modules version is composed of 4 single LoRa-LOC RF modules. The front-end board and the front-end lid of each individual module are removed and replaced by a single common front-end board and front-end lid, covering and combining the four modules together. Figure 18: Mechanical description of the four LoRa LOC modules configuration Rear plates (x4) Springs (x4) DIN rail clipping points Radiators « 3 sides » flange Front-end lid Back panel connectors Holes Wing screws
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 42 / 167 Strict confidential The rear plates and the two radiators side flanges are still unchanged. The front-end lid is tightened to the other mechanical parts through the wing screws on the front. The main mechanical characteristics of the Lora module are detailed hereafter: Description Specification Radiators material Aluminum Other flanges and lid material Galvanized Steel Dimensions 156 mm x 102 mm x 152 mm Total weight 1700 g Ingress protection IP30 Four Lora LOC boards are used. They integrate the AD9361 transceiver and SX1301 + DSP as demodulators, as described previously. A front-end board embeds the radio transmitters and receivers. Two versions are declined to support the different unlicensed bands: • 915MHz (902-928MHz) • 923MHz (915-928MHz) 1.6.3.2 Connectors and user interfaces 1.6.3.2.1 Single LoRa-LOC module The LoRa LOC module includes the following user interfaces and connectors: Module side Connector / interface Description Front side LoRa RF SMB connector # RF1 LoRa RF signal to be connected to the LoRa antenna # 1 Front side LoRa RF SMB connector # RF2 LoRa RF signal to be connected to the LoRa antenna # 2 Right side Back panel HE10 male 40 contacts connector Transmit the power supplies and high speed serial bus to the next module Left side Back panel HE10 female 40 contacts connector Receive the power supplies and high speed serial bus from the previous module The LoRa SMB RF connector’s # RF1 and # RF2 are connected to the SMB/N adapters on the bottom side of the Wirnet iBTS via SMB coaxial cables.
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 43 / 167 Strict confidential Figure 19: Connectors and user interfaces of the LoRa LOC module The RF1 connector is on the left side of the front-end lid. The RF2 connector is on the right side of the front-end lid. The positions of the RF1 and RF2 connectors are indicated on the sticker on top of the LoRa LOC module as follows: Figure 20: RF1 and RF2 connectors of the LoRa LOC module RF1 connector RF2 connector
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 44 / 167 Strict confidential Note: RF1 stands for RF path 1, RF2 stands for RF path 2. 1.6.3.2.2 Four LORA-LOC modules The LoRa LOC “4 modules” configuration includes the following user interfaces and connectors: Module side Connector / interface Description Front side LoRa RF SMB connector # RF1 LoRa RF signal to be connected to the LoRa antenna # 1 Front side LoRa RF SMB connector # RF2 LoRa RF signal to be connected to the LoRa antenna # 2 Right side Back panel HE10 male 40 contacts connector Transmit the power supplies and high speed serial bus to the next module Left side Back panel HE10 female 40 contacts connector Receive the power supplies and high speed serial bus from the previous module The LoRa SMB RF connector’s # RF1 and # RF2 are connected to the SMB/N adapters on the bottom side of the Wirnet iBTS via SMB coaxial cables. Figure 21: Connectors and user interfaces of the 4 LoRa LOC modules The RF1 connector is on the left side of the front-end lid. The RF2 connector is on the right side of the front-end lid. The positions of the RF1 and RF2 connectors are indicated on the sticker on top of the LoRa LOC module (similar to single LoRa LOC module). Note: RF1 stands for RF path 1, RF2 stands for RF path 2. RF1 connector RF2 connector
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 45 / 167 Strict confidential 1.6.3.3 LoRa LOC modem characteristics The mains characteristics of the LoRa-LOC modem are detailed in the following table: Feature Description LoRa demodulator (x2) Based on SX1301 digital signal processing engine from Semtech True antenna diversity or simultaneous dual-band operation 10 programmable parallel receive paths Emulates 49 x LORA demodulators and 1 x (G)FSK demodulator per SX1301: • 8 x LoRa demodulator at dynamic data rate with 125KHz BW • 1 x LoRa demodulator at fixed data rate • 1 x (G) FSK demodulator Dynamic data-rate (DDR) adaptation Detect simultaneously 8 preambles corresponding to all data rates (Spreading Factor) at LoRa 125KHz BW 2 MHz baseband BW FSK or LORA modulator Geolocalization Outdoor and indoor environments Synchronization with GPS PPS clock Combines RSSI and TDOA measurements Accuracy < 50m (90% confidence, high density coverage) Transceiver Based on Analog Devices AD9361 70MHz to 6000MHz frequency range 200 kHz to 56 MHz channel BW Integrated fractional-N synthesizers 2 × 2 transceiver with integrated 12-bit DACs and ADCs - Dual transmitters: 4 differential outputs - Dual receivers: 6 differential or 12 single-ended inputs Highly linear broadband transmitter +8dBm typ. output power 90dB output power control range 164dBc/Hz Signal to Noise performance at 90MHz offset Receiver Noise Figure of 2 dB +40dBm IIP2 at max gain -18dBm IIP3 at max gain Independent automatic gain control DC offset correction, quadrature correction and digital filtering Very low LO leakage Sniffer (x2) Based on Semtech SX1239 300MHz to 1020MHz frequency range FSK, GFSK, MSK, GMSK and OOK demodulator
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 46 / 167 Strict confidential FSK Bit rates up to 300 kb/s Digital filtering, demodulation, AGC, AFC, synchronization and packet handling Accurate RSSI measurements through automatic gain calibration 115dB Dynamic Range RSSI +35dBm to +75dBm IIP2 depending on AGC configuration -18dBm to +20dBm IIP3 depending on AGC configuration 66 dB typ. CW interferer rejection at 1 MHz offset 79 dB typ. CW interferer rejection at 10 MHz offset Auto test Check of the LoRa LOC module power supplies by M3 MCU Operating temperature range -20°C to +85°C Current drain @48V 130mA in Receive Mode (all demodulators activated) 120mA in Transmit mode@27dBm 1.6.3.4 Front-end boards 1.6.3.4.1 Front-end board - Single module The following block diagram details the architecture of the front-end board, in a single module configuration: Figure 22: Front-end board block diagram RF1 antenna RF2 antenna RF1 path RF2 path
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 47 / 167 Strict confidential The front-end board integrates two duplicated TX and Rx paths (RF1 path and RF2 path). Each TX/RX path is connected to one SMB antenna port, referenced as RF1 and RF2. Each path is detailed hereafter: The front-end board is derived in three different versions to cover the unlicensed bands: • 868MHz (863-873MHz) • 915MHz (902-928MHz) • 923MHz (915-928MHz) The details of the frequency bands, channelization, out of band rejection are detailed in §1.6.3.6. 1.6.3.4.2 Front-end board - Four modules The following block diagram details the architecture of the front-end board, in a four modules configuration: Figure 23: Front-end 4 modules board block diagram The front-end board integrates two TX and two Rx paths (RF1 path and RF2 path). Each TX/RX path is connected to one SMB antenna port (RF1 and RF2 respectively). The front-end board is derived in two different versions to cover the unlicensed bands: • 915MHz (902-928MHz) • 923MHz (915-928MHz) RF1 antenna RF2 antenna RF1 path RF2 path
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 48 / 167 Strict confidential The details of the frequency bands, channelization, out of band rejection are detailed in §1.6.3.6. 1.6.3.5 Modulations and data rates The LoRa LOC module supports the following modulation schemes: SF BW (KHz) Data rate (kbps) 7 500 21875 8 500 12500 9 500 7031 10 500 3906 11 500 2148 12 500 1172 7 250 10938 8 250 6250 9 250 3516 10 250 1953 11 250 1074 12 250 586 7 125 5469 8 125 3125 9 125 1758 10 125 977 11 125 537 12 125 293 Note : Payload may have to be adjusted to not overrule 400ms frame length, depending on the local regulations. In this case, SF11/125KHz and SF12/125KHz are not used. 1.6.3.6 Frequency bands and channelization The frequency bands covered by the Wirnet iBTS depends on the version of the front-end module used (868, 915 or 923). The downstream frequencies and upstream frequencies are listed in the following table: Version Link Frequency range start/end 868 Upstream (RX Wirnet iBTS) 863MHz / 873MHz 868 Downstream (TX Wirnet iBTS) 863MHz / 873MHz 915 Upstream (RX Wirnet iBTS) 902MHz / 928MHz 915 Downstream (TX Wirnet iBTS) 902MHz / 928MHz 923 Upstream (RX Wirnet iBTS) 915MHz / 928MHz 923 Downstream (TX Wirnet iBTS) 920MHz / 928MHz
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 49 / 167 Strict confidential LoRaWAN specification defines a more accurate frequency plan and channelization, although different options could be envisaged. The channels are summarized in the following table: Version Link Channel frequency LoRa BW (KHz) Number of channels Channel BW (KHz) 915 Upstream (RX Wirnet iBTS) 902,3+i*0,2MHz (i=0 à 63) 125 64 200 915 Upstream (RX Wirnet iBTS) 903,0+i*1.6MHz (i=0 à 7) 500 8 600 915 Downstream (TX Wirnet iBTS) 923,3+i*0.6MHz (i=0 à 7) 500 8 600 923 Upstream (RX Wirnet iBTS) 915,2+i*0,2MHz (i= 0 à 63) 125 64 200 923 Upstream (RX Wirnet iBTS) 915,9+i*1.6MHz (i=0 à 7) 500 8 600 923 Downstream (TX Wirnet iBTS) 919,8+i*0,2MHz (i= 0 à 40) 125 41 200 923 Downstream (TX Wirnet iBTS) 920,3+i*0.6MHz (i=0 à 12) 500 13 600 868 Upstream (RX Wirnet iBTS) 863,1+i*0,2MHz (i= 0 à 27) 125 28 200 868 Downstream (TX Wirnet iBTS) 863,1+i*0,2MHz (i= 0 à 27) 125 28 200 868 Upstream (RX Wirnet iBTS) 868,9+i*0,2MHz (i= 0 à 1) 125 2 200 868 Downstream (TX Wirnet iBTS) 868,9+i*0,2MHz (i= 0 à 1) 125 2 200 868 Upstream (RX Wirnet iBTS) 869,525MHz 125 1 250 868 Downstream (TX Wirnet iBTS) 869,525MHz 125 1 250 868 Upstream (RX Wirnet iBTS) 869,850MHz 125 1 300 868 Downstream (TX Wirnet iBTS) 869,850MHz 125 1 300 868 Upstream (RX Wirnet iBTS) 870,1+i*0,2MHz (i= 0 à 14) 125 15 200 868 Downstream (TX Wirnet iBTS) 870,1+i*0,2MHz (i= 0 à 14) 125 15 200
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 50 / 167 Strict confidential Note : in South Korea, the channels defined for the “923” version must be shifted by 100KHz to meet Korean regulations i.e. 917.1MHz to 923.3MHz with 200KHz steps. 1.6.3.7 Output Power The conducted output power can be adjusted from 0dBm to +31dBm. This offers a wide range of adjustment to cover all specific countries EIRP requirements. Antenna gain has to be considered to adjust the conducted output power to not overrule the max allowed EIRP. Description Specification Conducted output power range 0dBm to +31dBm Ripple in the band +/- 2dB Variation over temperature range (-20°C to +55°C) +/- 2dB 1.6.3.8 Out of band emissions Due to the very low noise transmitter, the LoRa LOC module is able to achieve excellent out of band emissions levels in the LTE, UMTS and GSM uplink or downlink bands. The performances are summarized in the following table: Version LoRa LOC module LTE, UMTS or GSM band Out of band emissions 868 E-GSM900 UL (880-915MHz) -85dBm/100KHz 868 R-GSM900 UL (876-915MHz) -75dBm/100KHz 868 LTE800 (832-862MHz) -80dBm/100KHz 915 GSM850 DL (869-894MHz) -85dBm/100KHz 923 GSM900 UL(890-915MHz) -85dBm/100KHz 923 GSM900 DL(935-960MHz) -85dBm/100KHz The performances detailed here are worst case i.e. when transmitting at maximum output power at the edge of the band. Out of band emissions in other LTE, UMTS or GSM bands are not detailed but are obviously better. The LORA-LOC module is therefore ideal in co-localization with BTS. 1.6.3.9 Sensitivity The sensitivity performance, depending on the version, at 10% PER, 20 bytes payload is the following:
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 51 / 167 Strict confidential Mode 868MHz 915MHz 923MHz SF7/125KHz -129dBm -129dBm -128dBm SF10/125KHz -133dBm -133dBm -132dBm SF12/125KHz -141dBm -141dBm -140dBm SF7/250KHz -126dBm -126dBm -125dBm SF12/250KHz -136dBm -136dBm -135dBm SF7/500KHz -122dBm -122dBm -122dBm SF12/500KHz -134dBm -134dBm -133dBm The sensitivity may vary over the frequency band and over temperature as follows: Description Specification Sensitivity variation over the band +/- 1dB Sensitivity variation over temperature range (-20°C to +60°C) +/- 1dB 1.6.3.10 RSSI and SNR The Wirnet iBTS is able to receive LoRa frames from -20dBm to -141dBm, depending on the LoRa BW and SF. The Wirnet iBTS provides for each received frame, the RSSI and the SNR. The RSSI is the “signal + noise” measurement of the received frame. Due to the wide spreading modulation, the LoRa receiver is able to demodulate signals below the noise floor i.e. with negative SNR. To estimate the signal strength of the received frame, both SNR and RSSI have to be considered. As a rough estimate: • If SNR >0, the signal strength = RSSI (dBm) • If SNR <0, the signal strength = RSSI+SNR (dBm) RSSI varies from -20dBm to -120dBm. -120dBm is the noise floor measured in a 200KHz BW. SNR is between 10 to 15dB for strong signals. It is close to 0dB when the signal strength approaches -120dBm. It can decrease down to -7dB or -20dB depending on the SF: Spreading Factor LoRa demodulator SNR SF7 -7.5dB SF8 -10dB SF9 -12.5dB SF10 -15dB SF11 -17.5dB SF12 -20dB The following picture is an example of LoRa receiver characterization at SF7 / 125KHz BW. It describes the SNR, RSSI and RSSI+SNR measured vs. the signal strength:
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 52 / 167 Strict confidential Figure 24: Example of SNR, RSSI and RSSI+SNR plots at 125KHz BW / SF7 1.6.3.11 Out of band blockers rejection In the following tables, the out of band rejection is measured with a useful signal (LoRa) adjusted 3dB above the sensitivity. The blocker level (CW) is adjusted to reach 10% PER. The level of the blockers is noticed in the table and also the difference (in dB) with the useful LoRa signal. 1.6.3.11.1 868MHz The useful signal is adjusted at 869.525MHz. The blockers rejections, at different SF are the following: Offset SF7/125KHz SF10/125KHz SF12/125KHz +2MHz -47dBm (79dB) - - -2MHz -48dBm (78dB) - - +10MHz -15dBm (111dB) - - -10MHz -40dBm (86dB) - - 821MHz -14dBm (112dB) - - 880MHz -15dBm (111dB) - - 935MHz - - - 960MHz - - -
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 53 / 167 Strict confidential 1.6.3.11.2 915MHz The useful signal is adjusted at 915MHz. The blockers rejections, at different SF are the following: Offset SF7/125KHz SF10/125KHz SF12/125KHz +2MHz -49dBm (77dB) -44dBm (86dB) -46dBm (92dB) -2MHz -49dBm (77dB) -44dBm (86dB) -46dBm (92dB) +10MHz -35dBm (91dB) -33dBm (97dB) -33dBm (105dB) -10MHz -38dBm (91dB) -36dBm (94dB) -36dBm (102dB) 850MHz -12dBm (114dB) -12dBm (118dB) -13dBm (125dB) 894MHz -15dBm (111dB) -15dBm (115dB) -15dBm (123dB) 935MHz -15dBm (111dB) -15dBm (115dB) -15dBm (123dB) 960MHz -13dBm (113dB) -13dBm (117dB) -13dBm (125dB) 1.6.3.11.3 923MHz The useful signal is adjusted at 923MHz. The blockers rejections, at different SF are the following: Offset SF7/125KHz SF10/125KHz SF12/125KHz +2MHz -45dBm (80dB) - -43dBm (94dB) -2MHz -45dBm (80dB) - -40dBm (97dB) +10MHz -43dBm (82dB) - -40dBm (97dB) -10MHz -23dBm (102dB) - -34dBm (103dB) 850MHz - - - 894MHz - - - 910MHz - - - 935MHz - - - 960MHz - - -
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 54 / 167 Strict confidential 1.7 Description of the accessories 1.7.1 PoE injectors Two kinds of Midspan PoE injectors can be provided with the Wirnet iBTS: • Midspan PoE injector 30W • Midspan PoE injector 60W The Midspan PoE injector 30W is dedicated to the Wirnet iBTS Compact. The Midspan PoE injector 60W is dedicated to the Wirnet iBTS featuring “LoRa-LOC” LoRa modules. Both versions can be declined for indoor applications or outdoor applications. Note 1: beware of the operating ambient temperature of the Midspan PoE injectors. Output power derating over +40°C has to be carefully considered to insure proper supply of the Wirnet iBTS. If the ambient temperature range cannot be guaranteed below +40°C, the Midspan PoE injector may have to be re-dimensioned. A 60W PoE injector could be then recommended instead of a 30W PoE injector. A 90W PoE injector could be also recommended instead of a 60W PoE injector. Note 2: the power supply of the Wirnet iBTS must be a limited power source. All the PoE injectors listed below must then considered as limited power sources. 1.7.1.1 Indoor Midspan PoE injector 30W The indoor Midspan PoE injector 30W characteristics are detailed in the following table: Description Specification Ethernet data rates 10/100/1000Base-T Number of ports 1 PoE compliance IEEE 802.3at IEEE 802.3af backward compatible PoE Output Power 30 Watts (Guaranteed) PoE Output Voltage 55 VDC PoE Pin Assignment and Polarity 4/5 (+), 7/8 (–) Input Power Requirements AC Input Voltage: 100 to 240 VAC AC Input Current: 0.8A @100-240VAC AC Frequency: 50 to 60 Hz Dimensions 53 mm (W) x 32.5 mm (H) x 140 mm (L) Weight 200g Connectors Shielded RJ-45, EIA 568A and 568B Indicator AC Power (Yellow) Channel Power (Green)
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 55 / 167 Strict confidential Operating Ambient Temperature -20°C to +40°C @ 30W -20°C to +55°C @ 25W Operating Humidity Maximum 90%, Non-condensing Storage Temperature -20°C to +70°C Storage Humidity Maximum 95%, Non-condensing Regulatory compliance RoHS WEEE CE Electromagnetic Emission & Immunity FCC Part 15, Class B EN 55022 Class B (Emissions) EN 55024 (Immunity) VCCI Safety Approvals UL/cUL Per IEC 60950-1 GS Mark Per IEC 60950-1 Note 1: beware of the operating ambient temperature. Output power derating over +40°C has to be carefully considered to insure proper supply of the Wirnet iBTS. The following figure details the indoor Midspan PoE injector 30W: Figure 25 : indoor 30W POE injector The indoor Midspan PoE injector 30W can be provided with E/F type cable (Europe) or B type cable (USA). See §6 to order the required version. Note 2: this indoor PoE injector must be connected to an industrial electrical installation including lighting protections. It must include a main board with surge protections type 1 and a secondary board with surge protections type 2. If the electrical installation does not meet those requirements, use an alternate PoE injector featuring better surge protection as detailed in §1.7.1.3.
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 56 / 167 Strict confidential Note 3: this PoE injector is intended for indoor applications only. In case the PoE injector cannot be installed indoor, use an alternate PoE injector dedicated to outdoor applications as detailed in §1.7.1.3. 1.7.1.2 Indoor Midspan PoE injector 60W The indoor Midspan PoE injector 60W characteristics are detailed in the following table: Description Specification Ethernet data rates 10/100/1000Base-T Number of ports 1 PoE compliance IEEE 802.3at IEEE 802.3af compatible PoE Output Power 60 Watts over 4 pairs PoE Output Voltage 55 VDC PoE Pin Assignment and Polarity Data Pairs 1/2 (-) and 3/6 (+) Spare Pairs 7/8 (-) and 4/5 (+) Input Power Requirements AC Input Voltage: 100 to 240 VAC AC Input Current: 1.2A @100-240VAC AC Frequency: 50 to 60 Hz Dimensions 62 mm (W) x 38 mm (H) x 151 mm (L) Weight 320g Connectors Shielded RJ-45, EIA 568A and 568B Indicator AC Power (Yellow) Channel Power delivered over 4 pairs (Green) Operating Ambient Temperature -10°C to +40°C @ 60W -10°C to +55°C @ 30W Operating Humidity Maximum 90%, Non-condensing Storage Temperature -20°C to +70°C Storage Humidity Maximum 95%, Non-condensing Regulatory compliance RoHS WEEE CE Electromagnetic Emission & Immunity FCC Part 15, Class B EN 55022 Class B (Emissions) EN 55024 (Immunity) VCCI Safety Approvals UL/cUL Per IEC 60950-1 GS Mark Per IEC 60950-1
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 57 / 167 Strict confidential Note 1: beware of the operating ambient temperature. Output power derating over +40°C is critical and has to be carefully considered to insure proper supply of the Wirnet iBTS. The following figure details the indoor Midspan PoE injector 60W: Figure 26 : 60W POE injector The indoor Midspan PoE injector 60W can be provided with E/F type cable (Europe) or B type cable (USA). See §6 to order the required version. Note 2: this indoor PoE injector must be connected to an industrial electrical installation including lighting protections. It must include a main board with surge protections type 1 and a secondary board with surge protections type 2. If the electrical installation does not meet those requirements, use an alternate PoE injector featuring better surge protection as detailed in §1.7.1.4. Note 3: this PoE injector is intended for indoor applications only. In case the PoE injector cannot be installed indoor, use an alternate PoE injector dedicated to outdoor applications as detailed in §1.7.1.4. 1.7.1.3 Outdoor Midspan PoE injector 30W The outdoor Midspan PoE injector 30W characteristics are detailed in the following table: Description Specification Ethernet data rates 10/100/1000Base-T Number of ports 1 PoE compliance IEEE 802.3at IEEE 802.3af backward compatible PoE Output Power 30 Watts (Guaranteed)
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 58 / 167 Strict confidential PoE Output Voltage 55 VDC PoE Pin Assignment and Polarity 4/5 (+), 7/8 (–) Input Power Requirements AC Input Voltage: 100 to 240 VAC AC Input Current: 1A @100-240VAC AC Frequency: 50 to 60 Hz Dimensions 150 mm (W) x 70 mm (H) x 214 mm (L) Weight 750g Connectors Shielded rugged RJ-45 with gasket EIA 568A and 568B Indicator None Operating Ambient Temperature -40°C to +55°C @ 30W -40°C to +65°C @ 15.4W Operating Humidity Maximum 95%, Non-condensing Storage Temperature -40°C to +85°C Storage Humidity Maximum 95%, Non-condensing Ingress protection IP66, NEMA 4X Corrosion resistance ASTM B-117 Regulatory compliance RoHS WEEE CE Electromagnetic Emission & Immunity FCC Part 15, Class B EN 55022 Class B (Emissions) EN 55024 (Immunity) EN 61000-4-5 Class 5 (6kV CM) VCCI Surge protection GR-1089-CORE Issue 4 ITU-T K.20 6 kV on AC lines Safety Approvals UL 60950-1, UL 60950-22 GS Mark Note 1: beware of the operating ambient temperature. Output power derating over +55°C has to be carefully considered to insure proper supply of the Wirnet iBTS. The following figure details the outdoor Midspan PoE injector 30W:
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 59 / 167 Strict confidential Figure 27 : Outdoor 30W POE injector Note 2: this PoE injector must be connected to an industrial electrical installation including at least a main board with surge protections type 1. 1.7.1.4 Outdoor Midspan PoE injector 60W The outdoor Midspan PoE injector 60W characteristics are detailed in the following table: Description Specification Ethernet data rates 10/100/1000Base-T Number of ports 1 PoE compliance IEEE 802.3at IEEE 802.3af compatible PoE Output Power 60 Watts over 4 pairs PoE Output Voltage 55 VDC PoE Pin Assignment and Polarity Data Pairs 1/2 (-) and 3/6 (+) Spare Pairs 7/8 (-) and 4/5 (+) Input Power Requirements AC Input Voltage: 100 to 240 VAC AC Input Current: 2A @100-240VAC AC Frequency: 50 to 60 Hz Dimensions 150 mm (W) x 70 mm (H) x 214 mm (L) Weight 750g Connectors Shielded rugged RJ-45 with gasket EIA 568A and 568B Indicator None Operating Ambient Temperature -40°C to +50°C @ 60W -40°C to +55°C @ 30W Operating Humidity Maximum 95%, Non-condensing
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 60 / 167 Strict confidential Storage Temperature -40°C to +85°C Storage Humidity Maximum 95%, Non-condensing Ingress protection IP66, NEMA 4X Corrosion resistance ASTM B-117 Regulatory compliance RoHS WEEE CE Electromagnetic Emission & Immunity FCC Part 15, Class B EN 55022 Class B (Emissions) EN 55024 (Immunity) EN61000-4-5 Class 5 (6kV CM) VCCI Surge protection GR-1089-CORE Issue 4 ITU-T K.20 6 kV on AC lines Safety Approvals UL 60950-1, UL 60950-22 GS Mark Note 1: beware of the operating ambient temperature. Output power derating over +50°C is critical and has to be carefully considered to insure proper supply of the Wirnet iBTS. The following figure details the outdoor Midspan PoE injector 60W: Figure 28 : Outdoor 60W POE injector Note 2: this PoE injector must be connected to an industrial electrical installation including at least a main board with surge protections type 1.
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 61 / 167 Strict confidential 1.7.2 LoRa antennas 1.7.2.1 Omnidirectional antenna 868MHz 3dBi The specifications of the omnidirectional 868MHz / 3dBi antenna are the following: Item Specification Frequency range 868MHz +/- 5MHz Impedance 50 ohms Technology Half wave VSWR <1.3:1 Max gain 3dBi Polarization Vertical Power handling 50W DC ground Yes Whip material Fiberglass Connector N female Length 30 cm Weight 75g IP rating IP66K Shock resistance IK08 Wind resistance 150MPH Operating temperature range -20°C to +60°C Salt, fog EN 60068-2-52, severity 1 The radiation patterns are presented here after. They are measured at 870MHz (red), 868MHz (green) and 866MHz (blue): Figure 29 : Radiation pattern of omnidirectional 868MHz/3dBi antenna
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 62 / 167 Strict confidential 1.7.2.2 Omnidirectional antenna 915MHz 3dBi The specifications of the omnidirectional 915MHz / 3dBi antenna are the following: Item Specification Frequency range 915MHz +/- 15MHz Impedance 50 ohms Technology Half wave VSWR <1.3:1 Max gain 3dBi Polarization Vertical Power handling 50W DC ground Yes Whip material Fiberglass Connector N female Length 30 cm Weight 75g IP rating IP66K Shock resistance IK08 Wind resistance 150MPH Operating temperature range -20°C to +60°C Salt, fog EN 60068-2-52, severity 1 The radiation patterns are presented here after. They are measured at 930MHz (red), 915MHz (green) and 900MHz (blue): Figure 30 : Radiation pattern of omnidirectional 915MHz/3dBi antenna
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 63 / 167 Strict confidential 1.7.2.3 Omnidirectional antenna 915MHz 6dBi The specifications of the omnidirectional 915MHz / 6dBi antenna are the following: Item Specification Frequency range 915MHz +/- 15MHz Impedance 50 ohms Technology Collinear, dipole array VSWR <1.2:1 Max gain 6dBi Polarization Vertical Power handling 50W DC ground No Whip material Fiberglass Connector N female Length 100 cm Weight 380g IP rating IP66K Shock resistance IK08 Operating temperature range -20°C to +60°C Salt, fog EN 60068-2-52, severity 1 The radiation patterns are presented here after. They are measured at 900MHz (red), 915MHz (green) and 930MHz (blue): Figure 31 : Radiation pattern of omnidirectional 915MHz/6dBi antenna KERLINK can provide two distinct references of 915MHz / 6dBi antennas, from two different suppliers. The first one must be installed on the universal antenna bracket whereas the second one has its own mounting kit. The second one cannot be installed on the universal antenna bracket.
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 64 / 167 Strict confidential 1.7.3 Cavity filters 1.7.3.1 862-867MHz cavity filter The 862-867MHz cavity filter is typically dedicated to the Indian market. The purpose of this filter is to avoid saturation and desensitization of the LoRa receiver due to co-located LTE850 or CDMA800 base stations. The 862-867MHz cavity filter characteristics are detailed in the following table: Characteristics Specification Center Frequency 864.5 MHz Pass band 862-867MHz Insertion losses ≤3dB Ripple ≤1.2dB Return Loss ≥18db Rejection ≥60dB @ 857MHz & 872MHz ≥40dB @ 869MHz Impedance 50 ohms Power Handling ≤10W Temperature -30°C to+60°C Connectors N-Female / N-Male Waterproof IP66 Surface Finish Black Paint Dimensions (w/o N connectors) 150 x 80 x 50 mm The dimensions of the 862-867MHz cavity filter are detailed hereafter: Figure 32 : Dimensions of the 862-867MHz cavity filter
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 65 / 167 Strict confidential The frequency response of 862-867MHz cavity filter is as follows: Figure 33 : Frequency response of the 862-867MHz cavity filter 1.7.3.2 920-925MHz cavity filter The 920-925MHz cavity filter is typically dedicated to the Singapore market. The purpose of this filter is to avoid saturation and desensitization of the LoRa receiver due to co-located EGSM900 base stations. The 920-925MHz cavity filter characteristics are detailed in the following table: Characteristics Specification Center Frequency 922.5 MHz Pass band 920-925MHz Insertion losses ≤3dB Ripple ≤1.2dB VSWR ≤1.3:1 Rejection ≥60dB @ 915MHz ≥60dB @ 930MHz Impedance 50 ohms Power Handling ≤10W Temperature -30°C to+60°C Connectors N-Female / N-Male Waterproof IP66 Surface Finish Black Paint Dimensions (w/o N connectors) 128 x 74 x 48 mm
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 66 / 167 Strict confidential The dimensions of the 920-925MHz cavity filter are detailed hereafter: Figure 34 : Dimensions of the 920-925MHz cavity filter The frequency response of 862-867MHz cavity filter is as follows: Figure 35 : Frequency response of the 920-925MHz cavity filter
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 67 / 167 Strict confidential 1.7.4 GNSS and WAN antennas 1.7.4.1 GNSS antenna The GNSS antenna is required for the Wirnet iBTS standard casing only, when featuring a “CPU module”. The Wirnet iBTS Compact embeds a GNSS/LTE internal antenna detailed in §1.7.4.3 and therefore does not require the GNSS antenna. The GNSS antenna characteristics are detailed in the following table: Characteristics Detail Specification Frequency range 1572 - 1606 MHz Antenna peak gain 3dBic Typical VSWR <2.0:1 Impedance 50 ohms Polarization RHCP Noise figure 1.5dB typ Total gain 27dB typ Out of band rejection 30dB min at +/-100MHz IIP3 -10dBm IP1dB -15dBm Input voltage 3.0V - 5.5V Current drain 11mA at 3V Cable length 5 m Cable type RG58 Connector type N male Dimensions (DxH) Diameter and Height 80 mm (D) x 42 mm (H) Operating temperature -40°C to +85°C Wind resistance > 200 km/h IP rating IP66 Note: a dome antenna bracket is provided with the GNSS antenna, allowing wall mounting, pole mounting and metallic strapping. Screws, nuts, U-bolt and metallic strapping are not provided by KERLINK. 1.7.4.2 LTE antenna The LTE antenna is required for the Wirnet iBTS standard casing only, when featuring a “WAN module”. The Wirnet iBTS Compact embeds a GNSS/LTE internal antenna detailed in §1.7.4.3 and therefore does not require the LTE antenna.
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 68 / 167 Strict confidential The LTE antenna characteristics are detailed in the following table: Characteristics Detail Specification Frequency range Band 1 698-960 MHz Band 2 1700-2700MHz Peak gain Band 1 4dBi Band 2 2dBi Typical VSWR Band 1 & 2 <2.4:1 Impedance 50 ohms Polarization Linear, Vertical Radiation pattern Omnidirectional Type No ground plane required Power handling 10W min Cable length 5 m Cable type RG58 Connector type N male Dimensions (DxH) Diameter and Height 80 mm (D) x 42 mm (H) Operating temperature -40°C to +85°C Wind resistance > 200 km/h IP rating IP66 Note: a dome antenna bracket is provided with the LTE antenna, allowing wall mounting, pole mounting and metallic strapping. Screws, nuts, U-bolt and metallic strapping are not provided by KERLINK. 1.7.4.3 GNSS/LTE magnetic antenna The GNSS/LTE magnetic antenna can be used with the Wirnet iBTS Compact casing only. It is not required for the Wirnet iBTS standard casing. The GNSS/LTE magnetic antenna characteristics are detailed in the following table: Characteristics Description Detail Specification LTE antenna Frequency range Band 1 698-960 MHz Band 2 1700-2700MHz Peak gain Band 1 1dBi Band 2 0dBi Typical VSWR Band 1 & 2 <2.0:1 Impedance 50 ohms Polarization Vertical Radiation pattern Omnidirectional Type No ground plane required
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 69 / 167 Strict confidential Power handling 10W GNSS antenna Frequency range 1574 - 1606 MHz Peak gain 3dBic Typical VSWR <2.0:1 Impedance 50 ohms Polarization RHCP Type Passive No ground plane required DC block Yes Mechanical Mounting type Magnetic mount Cable length (x2)* 15 cm Cable type (x2) RG174 Connector type (x2)* SMA male, right angle Dimensions (DxH) 63 mm (D) x 16 mm (H) Operating temperature -40°C to +85°C Note: the antenna must be mounted on the internal GNSS/LTE bracket, a mechanical part provided as standard with the Wirnet iBTS Compact (see §1.3.1 and Figure 8). 1.7.5 Cables The Wirnet iBTS are delivered with all required cables to start and operate the gateway, except the power supplies cables: • RJ45 PoE cable is not provided by KERLINK • Auxiliary power supply cable is not provided by KERLINK The LoRa antennas are provided with 1m coaxial cable. Specific installations may require deporting the LoRa antenna further. Extension coaxial cables are not provided by KERLINK. The GNSS and LTE antennas are provided with 5m coaxial cable. Specific installations may require deporting the GNSS antenna or LTE antenna further. Deporting the GNSS antenna may be required to have a better sky view to optimize the reception of the satellites. Deporting the LTE antenna may be required to optimize the LTE reception or improve isolation with other radio equipment’s on the site. Extension coaxial cables are not provided by KERLINK. 1.7.5.1 RJ45 PoE cable This cable is not provided with the Wirnet iBTS. It neither can be delivered as an accessory.
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 70 / 167 Strict confidential KERLINK recommends using a PoE cable with the following characteristics: Characteristics Specification Category 6A Shielding STP (U/FTP) or SSTP (S/FTP) Section conductors AWG26 or bigger External jacket LSZH or PUR Maximum length 100 meters Operating temperature range -20°C to +60°C KERLINK recommends the following reference: TELEGARTNER AMJ 500 U/FTP 4x2x0.55 LSZH Cat. 6A IEC 600332-1 The Ethernet cable must be provided with two RJ45 T 568A (or 568B) plugs on each side: Figure 36 :RJ45 T-568A plug 1.7.5.2 Earthing cables Several earthing cables, wires or tapes are required to connect the installation and the materials to earth for lighting immunity and electrical security. The earthing cables are detailed hereafter with recommended wires and sections: Cable description Technical characteristics Earthing of the Wirnet iBTS mounting kit 25mm2, copper Earthing of the antenna brackets (LoRa antenna, GNSS antenna, LTE antenna) 25mm2, copper
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 71 / 167 Strict confidential Earthing of the RF coaxial surge protection 16mm2, copper Earthing of the Ethernet surge protection 16mm2, copper Earthing of the outdoor PoE injector 16mm2, copper Note: the earthing cables are not provided by KERLINK 1.7.6 Surge protections In harsh environment, additional protections may be used to improve lightning immunity. The Wirnet iBTS is not warranted by KERLINK in case of deterioration due to lighting. KERLINK recommends adding surge protection, especially in high keraunic levels areas. 1.7.6.1 RF coaxial surge protection For the antenna links (LoRa, GNSS, LTE), KERLINK recommends the P8AX09-6G-N/MF series from CITEL. Protections must be installed in accordance to its own specifications. The following picture describes the RF coaxial surge protection: Figure 37 : P8AX Citel Note: the RF coaxial surge protector must be connected to the Lightning Protection System down conductor, connecting the lighting rod to the earth. No cables are provided by KERLINK for that purpose. 1.7.6.2 Indoor Ethernet surge protection For the Ethernet link, KERLINK recommends the MJ8-POE-A reference from CITEL. This surge protection must be installed indoor, according to its own specifications. The following picture describes the PoE surge protection:
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 72 / 167 Strict confidential Figure 38 : MJ8-POE-B Citel Note: the PoE surge protector must be connected to the earth. No cables are provided by KERLINK for that purpose. See §1.7.5.2 for additional information. 1.7.6.3 Outdoor Ethernet surge protection In case the Ethernet surge protection cannot be installed indoor, then KERLINK recommends the PD-OUT/SP11 reference from Microsemi. This surge protection can be installed indoor, according to its own specifications. The main characteristics of the PoE surge protection are: Characteristics Specification Network POE and Gigabit Ethernet, High POE (95W) Technology Clamping diode SPD configuration 4 pairs + shielded Connection to Network RJ45 shielded connector female input/output Format Metallic box with connectors input/output Mounting Wall or pole mount Operating temperature -40°C to +85°C Dimensions 30 x 30 x 190 mm Weight 270g Protection rating IP66 Outdoor application Yes Failsafe behavior Short-circuit Disconnection indicator Transmission interrupt Remote signaling of disconnection None Nominal line voltage (Un) 48 Vdc
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 73 / 167 Strict confidential Max. DC operating voltage (Uc) 60 Vdc Max. line current (IL) 2A Protection level (Up) 500V Nominal discharge voltage 8/20µs 10 kV Impulse current 2 x 10/350µs Test - D1 Category (Iimp) 100 A Nominal discharge current 8/20µs Test x 10 - C2 Category (In) 5 kA Max data rate 1000 Mbps Certifications IEC 61643-21 / EN 61643-21 GR1089 ITU-T K.45 UL497B IEEE 802-3ab/3at The following picture describes the PoE surge protection: Figure 39 : PD-OUT/SP11 Microsemi Note: the PoE surge protector must be connected to the earth. No cables are provided by KERLINK for that purpose. See §1.7.5.2 for additional information.
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 74 / 167 Strict confidential 1.7.7 Mounting kits 1.7.7.1 Notched V-shaped pole mounting kit The notched V-shaped pole mounting kit includes a notched V shaped plate and a U bolt with 2 nuts. This mounting kit can be used in conjunction with the dome antenna brackets for pole mounting (see §1.7.7.3). The maximum diameter of the pole is 70mm. The dimensions of the notched V shaped plate part are detailed hereafter: Figure 40 : Dimensions of the notched V shaped plate 1.7.7.2 Universal antenna bracket The universal antenna bracket is used with the following antennas: - 868MHz, 3dBi omnidirectional (see §1.7.2.1). - 915MHz, 3dBi omnidirectional (see §1.7.2.2). - 915MHz, 6dBi omnidirectional, except FT-RF antenna (see §1.7.2.3). The universal antenna bracket is presented hereafter:
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 75 / 167 Strict confidential Figure 41 : Universal antenna bracket dimensions The universal antenna bracket has 3 holes dedicated to the LoRa antenna N connector. The bracket can be then oriented in 3 different positions without compromising the antenna position. The universal antenna bracket can be mounted: - On a wall: use in this case two M4 screws separated by 19mm. - On a pole: use metallic strapping through the two 5mm x 25mm slots. - On the compact casing mounting kit, with 2 x M8 bolts and screws. 1.7.7.3 Dome antenna bracket The dome antenna bracket is used for the following antennas: - GNSS antenna (see §1.7.4.1) - LTE antenna (see §1.7.4.2) - GNSS/LTE combo antenna (see §1.7.4.3) The dome antenna bracket is presented hereafter: Slots for metallic strapping Fixing holes (wall mount) Holes for antenna
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 76 / 167 Strict confidential Figure 42 : Dome antenna bracket dimensions The dome antenna bracket has a single hole dedicated to the LTE and / or GPS M22 screw. The dome antenna bracket can be mounted: - On a wall: use in this case 2 x M4 screws separated by 76mm (see figure above). - On a pole: use metallic strapping through the two 4mm x 25mm slots (see figure above). - On a pole: alternate option is to use the “notched V shaped plate and a U-bolt” as detailed in §1.7.7.1. The two parts are presented on the figure below. The maximum diameter of the pole is 60mm. Another slot is available. It can be used for cable ties to tighten the RF coaxial cable to the antenna bracket. Note 1: the M4 screws, the metallic strapping are not provided by KERLINK. Note 2: the cables ties are not provided by KERLINK. Note 3: the notched V shaped plate and a U-bolt can be provided by KERLINK as accessories (see §1.7.7.1). Fixing holes (wall mount) Hole for antenna Slots for metallic strapping Slot for cable tie 76 mm
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 77 / 167 Strict confidential Figure 43 : Dome antenna bracket with notched V shaped bolt 1.7.8 Debug tool The Wirnet iBTS has a proprietary serial debug interface named DEBUG available on the front panel of the CPU module. This debug interface is intended to be used by authorized and qualified personnel only. The WIRMA2 Debug tool is intended to be connected to the debug interface. It is mainly a simple UART to USB converter. The main characteristics of the Wirma2 debug tool are: Characteristics Specification UART Interface RJ45 female 3.3V internal LDO Up to 1Mb/s USB2.0 interface USB 2.0 A type USB Self Bus Powered at 5V Full Speed (12Mb/s) Operating temperature range 0°C to +60°C Chipset FT232BL (FTDI) The debug tool must be used with an Ethernet cable and a USB2.0 type A to type B male cable. They can be provided by KERLINK as options as detailed in §6. The USB cable must be connected to a computer where must be installed HyperTerminal or Teraterm to visualize the traces.
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 78 / 167 Strict confidential The following picture describes the Wirma2 debug tool connected to the CPU module: Figure 44 : WIRMA2 Debug Tool connected to the CPU module Debug connector Ethernet cable Wirma2 Debug tool USB2.0 A B cable
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 79 / 167 Strict confidential 2. Regulations 2.1 Wirnet iBTS 868 2.1.1 Europe / CE Wirnet iBTS 868 complies with requirements listed in the article 3 of the R&TTE 1999/5/EC Directive until June 15th 2016 and the RED 2014/53/EU directive from June 16th 2016: 1. Electromagnetic compatibility (article 3.1-b of the R&TTE Directive) Applied standard(s): EN 301 489-1 issue 1.9.2 EN 301 489-3 issue 1.4.1 EN 301 489-7 issue 1.3.1 EN 301 489-19 issue 1.2.1 2. Efficient use of the radio frequency spectrum (article 3.2 of the R&TTE Directive) Applied standard(s): EN 301 511 issue 9.0.2 EN 301 908 issue 6.2.1 EN 300 440-1 issue 1.6.1 EN 300 440-2 issue 1.4.1 EN 300 220-1 issue 2.4.1 EN 300 220-2 issue 2.4.1 3. Safety (article 3.1-a of the R&TTE Directive) Applied standard(s): EN 60 950-1 (Ed. 2006/A11 : 2009/A1 : 2010/A12:2011) 4. Magnetic field exposure Applied standard(s): EN 50 385 Ed. 2002 EN 62 479 Ed. 2010 The power supply of the Wirnet iBTS 868 must be a limited power source. The Wirnet iBTS 868 is considered as a category 2 receiver according to the EN 300 220-1. The Wirnet iBTS 868 has CE marking. In Europe, the Wirnet iBTS 868 station must comply with the ERC 70-3 requirements regarding duty cycle and maximum EIRP. They are summarized in the following table: ERC 70-03 Band Frequency (MHz) Power Duty cycle h1.3 863-865 14dBm ERP 0,1% h1.3 865-868 14dBm ERP 1% h1.4 868-868,6 14dBm ERP 1% h1.5 868,7-869,2 14dBm ERP 0,1%
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 80 / 167 Strict confidential h1.6 869,4-869,65 27dBm ERP 10% h1.7 869,7-870 14dBm ERP 1% h2 870-873 14dBm ERP 0,1% h2.1 870-873 14dBm ERP 1% Annex2/c 870-873 27dBm ERP 2,5% If the LoRa antenna is changed, the output power must be adjusted to take into account the gain of the antenna to not overrule the ERC 70-3 regulation. Be careful, some countries in Europe may have specific frequency range, EIRP and duty cycles regulations. Check the local regulations before installing and commissioning the Wirnet iBTS 868. For other countries, outside Europe, check the frequency range, the maximum EIRP and duty cycle allowed. 2.1.2 India -Type approval and ISI Certification required- In India, the Wirnet iBTS 868 can be used with the following limitations: Item Specification Frequency range 865-867MHz Max EIRP 4W Max conducted power with 6dBi antenna 1W Channelization 200KHz The LoRaWAN specification defined for Europe (863-870MHz band) can be reused for India, but with the following limitations o 125KHz BW only, o Default channels and JointReq channels (868.1, 868.3 and 868.5MHz) are not available. Therefore a new definition of the channels must be operated. Ten channel are available such as 865.1MHz+n*0.2 (0<=n<=9). Eight channels among these ten must be selected. KERLINK recommends removing the first one and the last one in order to improve the band edge spectrum. The recommended channels are then: 865.3MHz+n*0.2 (0<=n<=7). Note: An 862-867MHz cavity filter may be required in India to avoid saturation and desensitization of the LoRa receiver due to co-located LTE850 or CDMA800 base stations. This cavity filter is described in §1.7.3.1.
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 81 / 167 Strict confidential 2.1.3 South Africa -ICASA Type approval required- In South-Africa, the Wirnet iBTS 868 can be used with the following limitations: Frequency (MHz) Power Duty cycle 868-868,6 14dBm ERP 1% 868,7-869,2 14dBm ERP 0,1% 869,4-869,65 27dBm ERP 10% 869,7-870 7dBm ERP 100% The channel arrangement is the same as in Europe, according to the LoRaWAN specification. 2.1.4 Saudi Arabia -CITC approval required- In Saudi-Arabia, the Wirnet iBTS 868 can be used with the following limitations: Frequency (MHz) Power 865-868 14dBm ERP 868-868,6 14dBm ERP 868,7-869,2 14dBm ERP 869,4-869,65 27dBm ERP 869,7-870 7dBm ERP The channel arrangement is the same as in Europe, according to the LoRaWAN specification. 2.1.5 United Arab Emirates -TRA Type approval required- In United Arab Emirates, the Wirnet iBTS 868 can be used with the following limitations: Frequency (MHz) Power 865-870 17dBm EIRP* 870-873 10dBm EIRP
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 82 / 167 Strict confidential *: can be increased to 20dBm EIRP with authorization of the TRA. The channel arrangement is the same as in Europe, according to the LoRaWAN specification. 2.1.6 Russia -Minsvyaz approval and EAC marking required- In Russia, the Wirnet iBTS 868 can be used with the following limitations: Frequency (MHz) Power Duty cycle 864-865 14dBm ERP 1% 868.7-869.2 14dBm ERP N/A The channel arrangement is the same as in Europe, according to the LoRaWAN specification, except default channels and JointReq channels (868.1, 868.3 and 868.5MHz) are not available. 2.2 Wirnet iBTS 915 The Wirnet iBTS 915 is compliant to: - IEC 60950 -1 The power supply of the Wirnet iBTS 915 must be a limited power source. The Wirnet iBTS 915 is also compliant to both FCC and IC regulations. Applicable documents: - CFR 47 FCC Part 15 o FCC 47 CFR Part 15 : 2014 - Part 15- Radio frequency devices o FCC PART 15.247 - Operation within the bands 902–928 MHz, 2400–2483.5 MHz, and 5725–5850 MHz (frequency hopping and digitally modulated)  FCC Part 15.207 conducted emissions on AC mains in the band 150kHz – 30MHz  FCC Part 15.247 intentional radiated emissions  FCC Part 15.215 Additional provisions to the general radiated emissions limitations - RSS 247 o RSS-Gen – Issue 4, November 2014- General requirements and Information for the Certification of radio Apparatus o RSS-247 Issue 1, May 2015 - Digital Transmission Systems (DTSS), Frequency Hopping Systems (FHSS) and License-Exempt Local Area Network (LE-LAN) Devices
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 83 / 167 Strict confidential The associated FCC and IC identifiers of the Wirnet iBTS 915 are: FCC ID : 2AFYS-KLK915IBTS IC : 20637-KLK915IBTS Model : WIRNET iBTS 915 Contains FCCID : N7NMC7355 Contient IC : 2417C-MC7355 Model : MC7355 The associated FCC and IC identifiers of the Wirnet iBTS Compact 915 are: FCC ID : 2AFYS-KLK915IBTSC IC : 20637-KLK915IBTSC Model : WIRNET iBTS Compact 915 Contains FCCID : N7NMC7355 Contient IC : 2417C-MC7355 Model : MC7355 Some conditions have to be respected to maintain the FCC and IC compliance of the devices in USA and Canada. They are detailed in the following paragraphs. For others countries, check the specific regulations regarding maximum EIRP and duty cycle allowed. 2.2.1 USA / FCC As stated by the external sticker on the enclosure, “This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) this device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.” Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user's authority to operate the equipment. This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at his own expense. This device must be professionally installed.
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 84 / 167 Strict confidential Also, some specific recommendations for exposure to magnetic fields must be followed: This equipment complies with FCC’s radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled environment under the following conditions: 1. This equipment should be installed and operated such that a minimum separation distance of 20 cm is maintained between the radiator (antenna) and user’s/nearby person’s body at all times. 2. This transmitter must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter. 2.2.2 Canada / IC This device complies with Industry Canada’s license-exempt RSSs. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: 1. This device may not cause harmful interference, and 2. This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation of the device. Le présent appareil est conforme aux CNR d'Industrie Canada applicables aux appareils radio exempts de licence. L'exploitation est autorisée aux deux conditions suivantes: 1. L’appareil ne doit pas produire de brouillage; 2. l'utilisateur de l'appareil doit accepter tout brouillage radioélectrique subi, même si le brouillage est susceptible d'en compromettre le fonctionnement. Under Industry Canada regulations, this radio transmitter may only operate using an antenna of a type and maximum (or lesser) gain approved for the transmitter by Industry Canada. To reduce potential radio interference to other users, that antenna type and its gain should be so chosen that the equivalent isotropically radiated power (EIRP) is not more than that necessary for successful communication. This radio transmitter has been approved by Industry Canada to operate with the antenna types listed as accessories with the maximum permissible gain and required antenna impedance for each antenna type indicated. Antenna types not included in this list, having a gain greater than the maximum gain indicated for that type, are strictly prohibited for use with the device. This equipment should be installed and operated such that a minimum separation distance of 20 cm is maintained between the radiator (antenna) and user’s/nearby person’s body at all times. The radio transmitter has been approved by Industry Canada to operate with a maximum duty cycle of 40% to not overrule the 2.784 W/m2 RF Field Strength Limits for Devices. The duty cycle, in normal conditions, is far below this limit. Do not operate the Wirnet iBTS 915 out of the 40% duty cycle limit.
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 85 / 167 Strict confidential 2.3 Wirnet iBTS 923 The Wirnet iBTS 923 is compliant to: - IEC 60950-1 - CENELEC EN 60 950-1 (Ed. 2006/A11 : 2009/A1 : 2010/A12:2011) - AS/NZS 60950.1 : 2003 The Wirnet iBTS 923 is also compliant to both FCC and CE regulations. Applicable documents: - CFR 47 FCC Part 15 : o FCC 47 CFR Part 15 : 2014 - Part 15- Radio frequency devices o FCC PART 15.247 - Operation within the bands 902–928 MHz, 2400–2483.5 MHz, and 5725–5850 MHz (frequency hopping and digitally modulated)  FCC Part 15.207 conducted emissions on AC mains in the band 150kHz – 30MHz  FCC Part 15.247 intentional radiated emissions  FCC Part 15.215 Additional provisions to the general radiated emissions limitations - Article 3.2 of the R&TTE Directive : Applied standard(s): o EN 300 220-1, issue 2.4.1 o EN 300 220-2, issue 2.4.1 The Wirnet iBTS 923 is considered as a category 2 receiver according to the EN 300 220-1. - AS/NZS 4268 2012 + A1 : 2013 : Radio equipment and systems – Short range devices – Limits and methods of measurement - ARIB STD-T108 - 920MHz-Band Telemeter, Telecontrol and Data Transmission Radio Equipment - Clause 2, Article 58-2 of Radio Waves Act (Republic of Korea) - IDA Technical Specifications for Short Range Devices (IDA TS SRD) – Issue 1 Rev 7, April 2013 Note 2: The power supply of the Wirnet iBTS 923 must be a limited power source. Note 2: Depending on the countries, check the specific regulations applying, especially regarding frequency range, maximum EIRP, duty cycle allowed, maximum transmit duration, carrier sense mandatory or not, etc … Some specific rules are detailed hereafter for specific countries.
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 86 / 167 Strict confidential Note 3: All proposed channel plans detailed in §2.3 use the FCC LoRaWAN implementation just changing actual frequencies and number of UL/DL channels. • Upstream channel plan is fixed • RX1 downstream channel and Data Rate are function of Upstream channel and Data Rate • RX2 downstream channel and Data Rate are fixed but configurable 2.3.1 Australia -ACMA declaration of conformity and RCM marking required- In Australia, the Wirnet iBTS 923 can be used with the following limitations: Item Specification Frequency range 915-928MHz Max EIRP 1W (30dBm) Max conducted power with 6dBi antenna 24dBm Max conducted power with 3dBi antenna 27dBm The frequency plan and channel allocation is defined in the very last release of LoRaWAN specification for Australia. Its usage summarized hereafter: Figure 45 : Channels allocation in Australia
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 87 / 167 Strict confidential Note: In the above figure: • Upstream channels are in blue (64 channels, 200KHz spacing, 125KHz BW + 8 channels, 1600KHz spacing, 500KHz BW) • 125KHz upstream channels are limited from SF7 to SF10 to meet 400ms maximum frame length • Downstream channels are in green (8 channels, 600 KHz spacing, 500KHz BW) • Unused channels are in yellow 2.3.2 Hong-Kong -Voluntary Certification Scheme required to HKTEC- In Hong-Kong, the Wirnet iBTS 923 can be used with the following limitations: Item Specification Frequency range 920-925MHz Max EIRP 26dBm Max conducted power with 6dBi antenna 30dBm The frequency plan and channel allocation is not yet defined in the LoRaWAN specification for Hong-Kong. KERLINK recommends the following allocation: Figure 46 : Channels allocation proposal in Singapore Note 1: In the above figure: • Upstream channels are in blue (16 channels, 200KHz spacing, 125KHz BW)
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 88 / 167 Strict confidential • Downstream channels are in green (2 channels, 600 KHz spacing, 500KHz BW) • Unused channels are in yellow The channels allocation can be organized differently if needed. Note 2: A 920-925MHz cavity filter may be required in Hong-Kong to avoid saturation and desensitization of the LoRa receiver due to co-located EGSM900 base stations. This cavity filter is described in §1.7.3.2. 2.3.3 Korea (Republic of) -RRA Certification and KC label required- The iBTS station 923 is compliant the Clause 2, Article 58-2 of Radio Waves Act. In Republic of Korea, the Wirnet iBTS 923 can be used with the following limitations: Item Specification Frequency range 917-923.5MHz Max EIRP 10mW (10dBm) Max conducted power with 6dBi antenna 4dBm Max conducted power with 3dBi antenna 7dBm Carrier sense (LBT) 5ms / -65dBm Transmit duration < 4s Pause duration > 50 ms Duty cycle <2% in 20 s duration The frequency plan and channel allocation is not yet defined in the LoRaWAN specification for Republic of Korea. KERLINK recommends the following allocation: Figure 47 : Channels allocation proposal in Korea
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 89 / 167 Strict confidential Note: In the above figure: • Upstream channels are in blue and orange (32 channels, 200KHz spacing, 125KHz BW) • Downstream channels are in orange (4 channels, 200 KHz spacing, 125KHz BW) • Unused channels are in yellow • Channels are offset by 100KHz compared to other countries due to Korean regulations constraints The channels allocation can be organized differently if needed. 2.3.4 New-Zealand -Declaration of conformity, R-NZ marking and Telepermit certification required- In New-Zealand, the Wirnet iBTS 923 can be used with the following limitations: Item Specification Frequency range 921-928 MHz all type of SRD Frequency range 915-921 MHz for telemetry only Max EIRP 1W (30dBm) Max conducted power with 6dBi antenna 24dBm Max conducted power with 3dBi antenna 27dBm The frequency plan and channel allocation is not yet defined in the LoRaWAN specification for New-Zealand. In case of telemetry application, the full 915-928 MHz band can be used. Therefore, a frequency plan and channel arrangement similar to Australia can be used (see § 2.3.1). If the application is not dedicated to telemetry, then KERLINK recommends the following allocation:
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 90 / 167 Strict confidential Figure 48 : Channels allocation proposal in New-Zealand Note: In the above figure: • Upstream channels are in blue (32 channels, 200KHz spacing, 125KHz BW + 4 channels, 1600KHz spacing, 500KHz BW) • 125KHz upstream channels are limited from SF7 to SF10 to meet 400ms maximum frame length • Downstream channels are in green (4 channels, 600 KHz spacing, 500KHz BW) • Unused channels are in yellow The channels allocation can be organized differently if needed. 2.3.5 Singapore -IDA registration required- In Singapore, the Wirnet iBTS 923 can be used with the following limitations: Item Specification Frequency range 920-925MHz Max ERP 500mW Max EIRP 29dBm Max conducted power with 6dBi antenna 23dBm The frequency plan and channel allocation is not yet defined in the LoRaWAN specification for Singapore. KERLINK recommends the following allocation:
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 91 / 167 Strict confidential Figure 49 : Channels allocation proposal in Singapore Note 1: In the above figure: • Upstream channels are in blue (16 channels, 200KHz spacing, 125KHz BW) • Downstream channels are in green (2 channels, 600 KHz spacing, 500KHz BW) • Unused channels are in yellow The channels allocation can be organized differently if needed. Note 2: A 920-925MHz cavity filter may be required in Singapore to avoid saturation and desensitization of the LoRa receiver due to co-located EGSM900 base stations. This cavity filter is described in §1.7.3.2. 2.3.6 Japan -RCAB certificate and Giteki marking required- In Japan, the Wirnet iBTS 923 can be used with the following limitations: Item Specification Frequency range 1 920.5-928.1MHz Frequency range 2 (Rx only) 916.0-916.8MHz Channelization 200KHz Max EIRP (920.4-922.2MHz)* 500mW (27dBm) Max conducted power (920.4-922.2MHz)* 250mW (24dBm) Max EIRP (922.4-923.4MHz)* 500mW (27dBm) Max conducted power (922.4-923.4MHz)* 250mW (24dBm)
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 92 / 167 Strict confidential Max EIRP (922.3-928.1MHz)** 40mW (16dBm) Max conducted power (922.4-928.0MHz)** 20mW (13dBm) Carrier sense (LBT) 5ms / -80dBm Transmit duration (920.4-922.2MHz) < 4s Transmit duration (922.4-928.0MHz) <400ms Pause duration (920.4-922.2MHz) > 50 ms Pause duration (922.4-928.0MHz) > 10*Tx duration *: ARIB STD-T108 Convenience Radio Station **: ARIB STD-T108 Specified low power radio station The frequency plan and channel allocation is not yet defined in the LoRaWAN specification for Japan. KERLINK recommends the following allocation: Figure 50 : Channels allocation proposal in Japan Note: In the above figure: • Upstream channels are in blue (30 channels, 200KHz spacing, 125KHz BW) o First 9 channels, SF7 to SF12, max frame length=4s o Last 21 channels, SF7 to SF10 (reduced payload), max frame length=400ms • Downstream channels are in green (6 channels, 200 KHz spacing, 125KHz BW) o Downstream channel is upstream channel modulo 6 on RX1 and fixed channel on RX2 o SF7 to SF10 at 500mW EIRP, 400ms frame length o Carrier sense makes transmission not fully predictable. Network might have to retry on next slot if carrier is busy • Unused channels are in yellow The channels allocation can be organized differently if needed.
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 93 / 167 Strict confidential 3. Key parameters to optimize the radio performance The installation site is very important and can determinate the coverage area of the Wirnet iBTS. Some keys points are detailed hereafter. They are general rules that must be considered in every installation. However, each individual installation is a particular case with specific constraints and sometimes with unexpected interferers. The proximity of other emitters, bad electrical installations may cause desensitization of the LoRa receiver. KERLINK recommends performing spectrum analysis to validate the choice of the installation site. This analysis can be completed with a portable spectrum analyzer for instance. The Wirnet iBTS has also the ability to perform spectrum analysis through the Web interface as detailed in §0. This analysis is however only possible once the installation is completed. 3.1 Height of the site A key factor to have an optimized Wirnet iBTS reception is the height of installation site and moreover the height of the LoRa antenna. The Wirnet iBTS gateway must be installed as high as possible to have the better reception and wider coverage area. The figure below shows the RSSI of the signal (dBm) vs. the distance to the end point (meters) vs. the height of the Wirnet iBTS (4m, 8m, 12m and 30m). Two uses cases are presented: one for a small city configuration (urban area) and one for countryside area. The propagation model used is based on Hata model. The frequency is 868MHz in this case but performance and conclusions at 915MHz would be almost identical. The RSSI is the received signal by the Wirnet iBTS. The end point EIRP is assumed to be 25mW. The height of the end point is 1m. Figure 51 : Urban (small city) Hata propagation model – RSSI (dBm) vs distance (meters) vs height of the antenna
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 94 / 167 Strict confidential Figure 52 : Rural countryside Hata propagation model - RSSI (dBm) vs distance (meters) vs height of the antenna What is noticeable is that the coverage distance at a fixed RSSI is doubled depending on the height of the antenna. 3.2 Propagation model vs area type Predicting the RSSI and more generally the coverage of the Wirnet iBTS depends on many factors. The propagation channel must be well defined and known to have an efficient prediction. Radio coverage simulations are recommended before the installation of the Wirnet iBTS to make sure the gateway would cover the expected area. Contact KERLINK for more information. In a first approach, the figures below show the RSSI of the signal (dBm) vs. the distance to the end point (meters) vs. the type of area (urban, suburban, countryside, desert). The height of the LoRa antenna is assumed to be 12 meters and 30 meters. The propagation model used is based on Hata model. The frequency is 868MHz in this case but performance and conclusions at 915MHz would be almost identical. The RSSI is the received signal by the Wirnet iBTS. The end point EIRP is assumed to be 25mW. The height of the end point is 1m.
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 95 / 167 Strict confidential Figure 53 : Hata propagation model vs area configuration (Height = 12m) – RSSI (dBm) vs distance (m) Figure 54 : Hata propagation model vs area configuration (Height = 30m) – RSSI (dBm) vs distance (m) The coverage radius of the Wirnet iBTS, depending on the area type can vary from 2 km (urban areas, low height of the LoRa antenna), up to 40 km (countryside, very high sites).
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 96 / 167 Strict confidential 3.3 Fresnel ellipsoid Radio waves generally travel in a straight line from the emitter to the receiver. This is obviously true when there are no obstacles between the transmitter and the receiver. However, there are, most of the time, some obstacles between the transmitter and the receiver. Then, the radio waves bump into the obstacles and are reflected or diffracted with dephasing. These diffracted waves when arriving on the receiver can cause phase cancelling with the straight line signals reducing the received power (fading). The fading effect depends on the distance between the receiver and the emitter, the nature of the obstacles and the associated out of phase. Figure 55 : Fading effects due to obstacles To minimize the fading effects, obstacles in a “Fresnel ellipsoid” must be avoided. The Fresnel ellipsoid is a theoretical ellipsoid located between the transmitter and the receiver. The radius of the ellipsoid is defined as follows: 11∗2∗∗12 Where: • d1 = distance from Tx antenna • d2 = distance from Rx antenna • f = frequency • c = celerity (3E8 m/s) • r1 = radius at the distance d1 A global rule is that 60% of the Fresnel ellipsoid must be clear of obstacles. In case of buildings between the end point and the Wirnet iBTS, the antenna height must be adjusted to make sure the building is not close to 60% of r1.
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 97 / 167 Strict confidential Figure 56 : Fresnel ellipsoid clearance Be careful, if the antennas heights are not sufficient, then the ground (earth curve) can get inside the Fresnel ellipsoid and overrule the 60% criteria. Figure 57 : Fresnel ellipsoid and earth curvature Example: An end point is located at 3500m from the Wirnet iBTS. The Wirnet iBTS is installed on the roof of a building. The building roof is 30 meters long vs 20m large. What is the required height of the LoRa antenna for have an optimized reception? Answer: If we want to receive end points i.e. 360° area coverage, it should be better to have the antenna located in the mid of the building roof. The antenna is therefore at 15m from the edge of the roof.
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 98 / 167 Strict confidential Then we have: • d1 = 15m • d2 = 3600 -15 = 3585m • f = 868MHz • c = 3E8 m/s So, r1 = 2.3m The antenna must be installed at a minimum height of 2.3m from the roof top, on a mast for instance. 3.4 Co-localization with GSM/UMTS/LTE transmitters The design of the Wirnet iBTS gateway insures good co-localization with other transmitters on the same site, and especially with BTS, in two ways: - Limited spurious and noise generated in the BTS receiver bands - Immunity to BTS transmitter The Wirnet iBTS is obviously compliant to all EMC emissions and immunity regulations specific to each country. However, meeting these regulations is not sufficient to insure good coexistence with BTS when sharing the same site. This is why KERLINK has reinforced these specifications to allow the coexistence. KERLINK has designed the transmitter (LoRa-LOC module) to reduce the spurious and the noise generated in the BTS RX bands below -80dBm in a 100KHz resolution bandwidth. This is then pretty much in line with BTS specifications to insure co-localization between BTS. The measurements made on the iBTS station show typical values of -85dBm/100KHz. The receiver offers also high attenuation outside the receive band. High attenuation of out of band blockers is obtained: • >105dB at +/-10MHz • >150dB in BTS downlink bands This means that the blockers levels, due to the BTS, could be up to +10dBm causing no interference with the gateway. Based on this performance, this means that about 50dB isolation is required between the Lora antenna of the Wirnet iBTS and the base station antenna to avoid desensitization of the BTS. Specifying a minimum distance between antennas may not guarantee the 50dB isolation, unless over specifying the required distance. This is mainly due to the fact that both LoRa antenna and BTS antennas are directive antennas. This means that the antenna gain is not omnidirectional in both cases. BTS antenna have about 10 to 15dB antenna maximum gain but the gain above or below the antenna is reduced by 20dB to 30dB as described below:
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 99 / 167 Strict confidential Figure 58 : Typical antenna gain pattern of a GSM BTS Mounting the LoRa antenna just above or below the 4G antenna allows then to get 20 to 30dB isolation among the 50dB required. The LoRa antenna can be an omnidirectional antenna. The worst case would be a 3dBi antenna which has the “less directive” antenna pattern. An example is presented below: Figure 59 : Typical gain of 3dBi omnidirectional antenna We can see that the gain on the top of the antenna or below the antenna is about -15dBi to -20dBi. In case of sectorial antenna, the antenna gain above or below the antenna is also significantly reduced to -10 to -15dB as shown below:
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 100 / 167 Strict confidential Figure 60 : Typical gain of a sectorial antenna Then, taking into account the performance of the antenna, we need to get about 10 to 20dB more isolation to meet the 50dB isolation between antennas. A gap of 1 meter between antennas would insure 30dB additional attenuation. Therefore, our recommendation is to have the LoRa antenna just above the BTS antenna with 1 meter gap min. Placing the LoRa antenna below the BTS antenna could be also possible. However, this is not recommended as reception could be impacted by metallic structures in the close area. 3.4.1 Wirnet iBTS 868 Co-localization is possible with the following BTS: - EGSM900, GSM1800, GSM1900 - UMTS900, UMTS1900, UMTS2100 - LTE800, LTE 900, LTE 1800, LTE 2100, LTE 2300, LTE2600 The most difficult use case is the LTE 800 band that is very close to the 868MHz band. Actually, the end of the LTE 800 band is 862MHz whereas the beginning of the 868MHz band is 863MHz. Insuring -80dBm/100KHz at 862MHz while transmitting at 863MHz or even at 868MHz is not achievable with the state of the art of SAW filters. Therefore, the Wirnet iBTS gateway embeds specific SAW filters allowing the transmitter (LoRa-LOC module) to achieve the -80dBm/100KHz spurious limit in the LTE 800 band. Co-localization is not possible with GSM850, UMTS850 and LTE850 Note: In India, co-localization with CDMA800 / LTE 850 requires usage of a specific cavity filter. See §1.7.3.1.
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 101 / 167 Strict confidential 3.4.2 Wirnet iBTS 915 Co-localization is possible with the following BTS: - GSM850, GSM1800, GSM1900 - UMTS850, UMTS1900, UMTS1700, UMTS2100 - LTE700, LTE850, LTE1700, LTE 1800, LTE1900, LTE2600 Co-localization is not possible with (E)GSM900, UMTS900 and LTE900. In case of co-localization with GSM900, UMTS900 or LTE900, then the Wirnet iBTS 923 is a more suitable gateway. If Wirnet iBTS 915 want to be used when co-localized with GSM900, UMTS900 or LTE900, then a specific cavity filter is required. Contact KERLINK for more information. 3.4.3 Wirnet iBTS 923 Co-localization is possible with the following BTS: - GSM850, GSM900, GSM1800, GSM1900 - UMTS850, UMTS900, UMTS2100 - LTE700, LTE800, LTE850, LTE 900, LTE 1800, LTE 2100, LTE 2300, LTE2500, LTE2600 Co-localization is not possible with EGSM900, only GSM900. Note: In Singapore and Hong-Kong, co-localization with EGSM900 requires usage of a specific cavity filter. See §1.7.3.2.
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 102 / 167 Strict confidential 4. Installation procedure This device must be professionally installed. Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user's authority to operate the equipment. 4.1 How to open the enclosure Before proceeding to the insertion of the USIM card and the connection of the power supply, the enclosure has to be opened. Note: the lid of the enclosure must be kept opened during all the installation allowing setting and checking all the connections. It must be closed once the installation is completed. 4.1.1 Standard casing version The lid tightens to the frame with 4 x M5 screws, hidden by two plastic clip-on design covers. First, remove the two plastic clips. This can be done manually, without any particular tool: Figure 61: Wirnet iBTS – plastic clips on the lid The 4 x M5 screws are now accessible. Unlock the screw with a big flat-blade screw driver (65-098 5,5x100 Stanley for instance). Plastic clip-on (x2)
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 103 / 167 Strict confidential Figure 62: Wirnet iBTS – 4x M5 screws Remove the lid. 4.1.2 Compact casing version Opening of the compact casing is very simple as the cover of the enclosure is just clipped on the frame. There are 2 door hinges that lock the cover. You just have to open one to open the cover like a door. Due to the 2 hinges, there are then two open points that are noted as "A" and “B” on the picture below: 4x M5 screws
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 104 / 167 Strict confidential Figure 63 : Open points of the compact enclosure To open the cover, you need to use a screwdriver that must be inserted in the slots A or B. The screw driver can be a small one or a bigger one. Small flat-blade screw driver: Example: 64-978 3x50 Stanley Push the screw driver into the slot A, and lift up and down, down and up, with progressive strength and going deeper. It will clip. Don't be afraid to break it, if will be opened before, if you do it step by step (progressive, to feel the point of opening). Big flat-blade screw driver: Example: 65-098 5,5x100 Stanley Push the screw driver into the slot, (it won't enter completely) and lift up in turning the screw driver into the slot (like to drive screws into the slot). Here you have to use more strength because the lever arm is smaller. A B
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 105 / 167 Strict confidential Figure 64 : Opening of the compact enclosure with screwdriver
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 106 / 167 Strict confidential 4.2 Installation topology 4.2.1 Single Wirnet iBTS gateway installation If a single gateway is installed on a site, two configurations are possible regarding the WAN technology used: - LTE/HSPA/GPRS connection - Ethernet connection The LTE /HSPA/GPRS connection requires a USIM subscription. The Ethernet connection requires an Ethernet access through a dedicated RJ45 cable. Both configurations are detailed hereafter: With USIM Subscription: Without USIM Subscription: Figure 65 : Single station installation (with USIM) Figure 66 : Single station installation (No USIM)
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 107 / 167 Strict confidential 4.2.2 Multi-Wirnet iBTS installation In rare use cases, multiple Wirnet iBTS gateways can be installed on one site. The recommended WAN connection is then Ethernet. An Ethernet switch is used to interface all the gateways. Note 1: the Ethernet switch is not provided by KERLINK The configuration is detailed hereafter: Figure 67 : Multi-station installation (No USIM) Note 2: this configuration is no longer detailed in the present document
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 108 / 167 Strict confidential 4.3 Electric distribution to the Wirnet iBTS 4.3.1 Safety The installation must comply with EN 60728-11 (Cabled distribution systems standard - Security). Earthing is a key parameter for a secure installation. Earthing of the installation is mandatory for: - Indoor installation parts: mains supply, PoE injector - Outdoor installation parts: tower, pole, Wirnet iBTS mounting kit, antennas. Note: none of the earthing cables required for the installation are provided by KERLINK. A second key parameter for a secure installation is the lighting protection. In its standard configuration, the Wirnet iBTS is provided with minimal internal surge protections. The Wirnet iBTS gateways are not warranted by KERLINK in case of deterioration due to lighting. Additional surge protections are recommended in harsh environments (see §4.8). A lighting rod with a down conductor to earth is strongly recommended in most of the applications to avoid direct impacts on the aerials (antennas and Wirnet iBTS). The following picture describes all the required cables connections required for the installation, including power supply cables, data cables, RF coaxial cables and earthing connections. Figure 68 : Power distribution in the installation
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 109 / 167 Strict confidential 4.3.2 Mains supply The mains supply is not injected directly into the Wirnet iBTS but into the PoE injector. The mains supply must be an indoor installation composed of: • A main electrical board including: o a circuit breaker o a surge protection type 1 o a connection to “earth” • A secondary electrical board including: o a circuit breaker o a surge protection type 2 o a connection to “earth” Surge protections type 1 and 2 are required to protect the PoE injector. Note: in case surge protections type 1 and 2 are not available, specific PoE injectors for outdoor applications are required (see § 4.3.3). 4.3.3 POE supply The Wirnet iBTS gateway is supplied by a PoE injector through an Ethernet cable. The PoE injectors are detailed in §1.7.1.1 and §1.7.1.2. The recommended Ethernet cable is detailed in §1.7.5.1. It includes two RJ45 T 568A plugs on each side Note 1: The Ethernet cable is not provided with the Wirnet iBTS. Note 2: The maximum Ethernet cable length is 100m. Note 3: The PoE injectors are considered as limited power sources The installation of the PoE cable is detailed in §4.6.3. 4.3.4 Auxiliary power supply The Wirnet iBTS can be also supplied with an auxiliary DC power supply as a solar panel for instance. The input voltage range is 11 to 56VDC. A 24V DC solar system is then recommended for optimized performance. The power supply must be qualified as a limited power source. The maximum power is 30W. The nominal current for a 24V power supply is about 1.2A in the following configuration: • HSPA in a network attached mode • 4 LoRa LOC modules / all demodulators activated • 20% CPU load A two-wires cable is required to interconnect the auxiliary power supply connector.
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 110 / 167 Strict confidential The installation of the cable is detailed in §4.6.5. 4.4 Inserting an additional module inside the enclosure The Wirnet iBTS is provided with a single LoRa module in its default configuration. Additional Lora modules can be added to fulfill the needs. To add a LoRa module in the Wirnet iBTS enclosure, follow the procedure below: • Insert the LoRa module into the enclosure. Place it close to the available blind threaded standoffs on the back of the enclosure. • Slide the new LoRa module on the left, close to the previous installed module: o Ensure the back panel connector is properly inserted into the previous module o Ensure the radiator of the new module get in contact with the radiator of the previous module • Screw the module on the blind threaded standoffs with the provided M4 screws • Screw the wing screws on top and on the bottom of the radiators Note: to remove a LoRa module, use the same procedure. Once the module is properly installed, then one or two N-SMB adapters are required for the antennas connections, depending on the chosen configuration. To add a N-SMB adapter, follow the procedure below: - Unscrew the M16 blind stop - Screw the N-SMB adapter on the bottom side of the enclosure - Connect the SMB-SMB coaxial cable between the N-SMB adapter and the RF1 (and RF2) port of the LoRa module
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 111 / 167 Strict confidential 4.5 Mounting of the enclosure 4.5.1 General considerations The Wirnet iBTS enclosure must be mounted on any concrete pedestal, concrete wall or any non-flammable surface (UL94-V0). It must not be mounted on a flammable surface. The mounting kits delivered with the Wirnet iBTS stations allow fixing the product in different ways: - Wall mount - Pole mount by U-bolt - Pole mount by metallic strapping Two different mounting kits are available depending on the casing: - One for the Standard casing - One for the Compact casing Universal antenna brackets or specific antenna brackets are provided with the LoRa antennas. Universal antenna brackets can be directly mounted on the Compact casing mounting kit. Dome antenna brackets are provided with the LTE antennas and GNSS antennas. All these several kits are detailed in the following paragraphs. 4.5.2 Antennas mountings kits 4.5.2.1 GPS, LTE and LoRa antenna considerations The Wirnet iBTS integrates GPS, LTE and LoRa antennas. GPS and LTE antennas can be integrated inside the enclosure (compact casing) or are external to the enclosure (standard casing). The LoRa antennas are always external to the enclosure. The position of these antennas, in an open environment, is important and could determine the overall performance of the Wirnet iBTS. The GPS antenna requires an open sky view to be able to receive a maximum number of satellites. This determines the PPS clock accuracy and finally the TDOA / geolocalization accuracy. The antenna is provided with a 5m coaxial cable. Extension coaxial cables could be used to reach the optimum sky view but are not provided by KERLINK. The LTE antenna requires an open environment to optimize the link with the BTS in the area. The benefits are less multipath fading and better data throughput.
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 112 / 167 Strict confidential The antenna is provided with a 5m coaxial cable. Extension coaxial cables of could be used to reach a better position but are not provided by KERLINK. However, beware of the insertion losses! The LoRa antenna requires an open environment to optimize the link with the end-points. The benefits are less multipath fading and optimized coverage area. The antenna is provided with a 1m coaxial cable. Extension coaxial cables of could be used to reach a better position but are not provided by KERLINK. However, beware of the insertion losses! 4.5.2.2 Distance between antennas 4.5.2.2.1 LoRa antenna vs. LTE antennas To avoid or minimize the intermodulation between the LoRa transmitter and the LTE transmitter, a minimum distance is required between the LoRa antenna and the LTE antenna. This minimum distance is also recommended to avoid mutual desensitization of the receivers. With the Wirnet iBTS standard casing, it is very simple to ensure the required distance between antennas because they have separated antenna brackets. With the Wirnet iBTS compact casing, the separation between antennas is more complex as the LTE antenna is internal (cannot be moved apart) and the LoRa antenna could be mounted on the universal antenna bracket tightened to the compact casing mounting kit. To optimize the colocation between the internal LTE antenna and the external LoRa antenna, a distance of 20 cm is required between both radiated parts. Therefore, when possible we strongly recommend dissociating the universal antenna bracket away from the compact enclosure support. This is the best way to guarantee the 20 cm min distance between LTE antenna and LoRa antenna. When the dissociation is not possible, the LoRa antenna must be placed on the right side of the enclosure as described on Figure 69.
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 113 / 167 Strict confidential Figure 69 : Position of the universal antenna support when mounted on the compact enclosure support 4.5.2.2.2 LoRa space diversity Distance between antennas to optimize the spacing diversity performance is always a subject of discussion. There are no miracle formulas helping to determine the distance because each use case is a particular use case. However, there are some rules to be followed: • The minimum distance between antenna must be the half wave length i.e.: o 18 cm at 868MHz o 17 cm at 915MHz • To have uncorrelated antennas it is better to have a minimum distance of 13*λ/8 between antennas i.e.: o 56 cm at 868MHz o 53 cm at 915MHz • The distances can be increased to improve the performance, ideally by steps of a wavelength. The recommended distances are then: o 868MHz: 56 cm, 91 cm, 125 cm, 160 cm, etc… o 915MHz: 53 cm, 86 cm, 119 cm, 151 cm, etc… Note 1: the distance between the two universal antenna brackets installed on the compact casing mounting kit is 20cm. This meets the 18cm minimum distance for space diversity although the performance is not optimum. Note 2: the universal bracket length is about 20cm. In a 120mm pole mount configuration, the maximum distance between antennas can be the 20+20+12=52cm which is close to the optimum distance listed above. LoRa antenna Universal antenna bracket on the right side 20 cm Internal LTE antenna area
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 114 / 167 Strict confidential 4.5.2.3 Universal antenna bracket The universal antenna bracket is used with the following antennas: - 868MHz, 3dBi omnidirectional (see §1.7.2.1). - 915MHz, 3dBi omnidirectional (see §1.7.2.2). - 915MHz, 6dBi omnidirectional, except FT-RF antenna (see §1.7.2.3). The universal antenna bracket is detailed in §1.7.7.2. The universal antenna bracket has 3 holes dedicated to the LoRa antenna N connector. The bracket can be then oriented in 3 different positions without compromising the antenna position. The universal antenna bracket can be mounted: - On a wall: use in this case two M4 screws separated by 19mm. - On a pole: use metallic strapping through the two 5mm x 25mm slots. - On the compact casing mounting kit, with 2 x M8 bolts and screws as follows. It is preferred to have the universal antenna bracket installed on the right side of the compact casing mounting kit (as follow) to have a better isolation between the LoRa antenna and the GPS/LTE internal antennas. Figure 70 : Wall mount of the universal antenna bracket Figure 71 : Pole mounting of the universal antenna bracket using strapping 2 x M4 screws or 2x M8 long screw
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 115 / 167 Strict confidential Figure 72 : Universal antenna bracket with compact casing mounting kit Note 1: the M4 screws, the metallic strapping are not provided by KERLINK. Note 2: the M8 bolts and nuts are provided by KERLINK. Once the universal antenna bracket is installed, then the LoRa antenna can be mounted on the bracket. The LoRa antenna is provided with a N female connector, a washer and a M19 nut. Follow the following procedure: • Unscrew the M19 nut • Remove the washer • Introduce the N connector into the hole of the universal antenna bracket • Place the washer • Screw the M19 nut 2 x M8 bolts+ nuts
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 116 / 167 Strict confidential Figure 73 : LoRa antenna mounted on universal antenna bracket Note 3: The LoRa 915MHz/ 6dBi omnidirectional antenna from FT-RF with its own mounting kit based on two U-bolts for pole mount. The pole must have a maximum diameter of 50mm. This antenna cannot be installed on the universal antenna bracket. 4.5.2.4 Dome antenna bracket The dome antenna bracket is used for the following antennas: - GNSS antenna (see §1.7.4.1) - LTE antenna (see §1.7.4.2) The dome antenna bracket is detailed in §1.7.7.3. The dome antenna bracket has a single hole dedicated to the LTE and / or GPS M22 screw. The dome antenna bracket can be mounted: - On a wall: use in this case 2 x M4 screws separated by 76mm. - On a pole: use metallic strapping through the two 4mm x 25mm slots. - On a pole: alternate option is to use the “notched V shaped plate and a U-bolt” as detailed in §1.7.7.1. The maximum diameter of the pole is 60mm. Another slot is available. It can be used for cable ties to tighten the RF coaxial cable to the antenna bracket. Note 1: the M4 screws, the metallic strapping are not provided by KERLINK. Note 2: the cables ties are not provided by KERLINK. Note 3: the notched V shaped plate and a U-bolt can be provided by KERLINK as accessories (see §6). M19 nut Washer
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 117 / 167 Strict confidential Once the dome antenna bracket is installed, then the GPS antenna, or LTE, or GPS/LTE combo antenna can be mounted on the bracket. These antennas are provided with N female connector(s) and a M22 nut. Follow the following procedure: • Introduce the N connector(s) into the hole of the bracket • Pass all the coaxial cable length through the hole until the antenna is in contact with the bracket • Unscrew the M22 nut • Introduce the antenna M22 screw into the hole • Beware the position of the gasket to insure waterproof installation. There must be no aperture between the antenna casing and the gasket. • Screw the M22 nut Repeat the operation for GPS antenna, LTE antenna (or GPS/LTE combo antenna). Figure 74 : N connector introduced in the hole of the dome antenna bracket Figure 75 : Antenna installed on the dome antenna bracket
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 118 / 167 Strict confidential 4.5.3 Mounting of the compact enclosure 4.5.3.1 Compact casing mounting kit The Compact casing mounting kit is composed of a single mechanical part as shown below: Figure 76 : Compact casing mounting kit dimensions The Wirnet iBTS Compact is delivered with the compact casing mounting kit already installed on the back. 4.5.3.2 Wall mounting The Wirnet iBTS can be also mounted on a wall with 4 x M4 screws. Figure 77 : Compact casing - Wall mount 2 x M4 screws 2 x M4 screws
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 119 / 167 Strict confidential Note: M4 screws are not delivered with the mounting kit. For safety reason, the metallic mounting kit must own a good earth connection. This is ensured by adding an earth connection through the M8 bolt and nut (see §4.6.1.2). 4.5.3.3 Pole mounting by U-bolt The Wirnet iBTS is delivered with a U-bolt to be mounted on a pole with a maximum diameter of 60mm. To screw the U-bolt, it is recommended to use the nuts provided in the mounting kit. Figure 78 : Compact casing - Pole mount using U-bolt Figure 79 : Compact casing - rear view of the pole mounting using U-bolt (no pole represented) U-bolt 1 nut on each side U-bolt
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 120 / 167 Strict confidential For safety reason, the metallic mounting kit must own a good earth connection. This is ensured by adding an earth connection on the U bolt nut or the M8 nut (see §4.6.1.2). 4.5.3.4 Metallic strapping mounting The Wirnet iBTS can be also mounted on a pole by strapping. The maximum acceptable width of the strapping is 25mm. It is recommended to use 2 metallic strappings as described on the figure below: Figure 80 : Compact casing - Pole mount using strapping For safety reason, the metallic mounting kit must own a good earth connection. This is ensured by adding an earth connection on the M8 nut (see §4.6.1.2). 4.5.4 Mounting of the standard enclosure 4.5.4.1 Standard casing mounting kit The standard casing mounting kit is composed of two identical parts as shown below: Strapping Alternate Strapping positions
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 121 / 167 Strict confidential Figure 81 : Standard casing mounting kit dimensions One part is mounted on the top of the enclosure and the second one on the bottom of the enclosure. The parts include several holes and slots dedicated to wall mount screwing and strapping. The holes are also used for earthing through a M8 bolt and nut (see §4.6.1.1). The Wirnet iBTS is delivered with the standard casing mounting kit already installed on the rear side: Figure 82 : Rear view of the standard casing with mounting kit
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 122 / 167 Strict confidential 4.5.4.2 Wall mounting The Wirnet iBTS can be also mounted on a wall with 4 x M4 screws. Note: M4 screws are not delivered with the mounting kit. Figure 83 : Compact casing - Wall mount For safety reason, the metallic mounting kit must own a good earth connection. This is ensured by adding an earth connection on the dedicated hole (see §4.6.1.1). 4.5.4.3 Pole mounting by U-bolt The Wirnet iBTS is delivered with two notched V-shaped plates and two U-bolts to be mounted on a pole with a maximum diameter of 60mm. To screw the U-bolts, it is recommended to use the four nuts provided in the mounting kit. Figure 84 : Standard casing - Pole mount using U-bolts U-bolts 1 nut on each side 2 x M4 screws 2 x M4 screws
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 123 / 167 Strict confidential Figure 85 : Compact casing - rear view of the pole mounting using U-bolt (no pole represented) For safety reason, the metallic mounting kit must own a good earth connection. This is ensured by adding an earth connection on the dedicated hole (see §4.6.1.1). 4.5.4.4 Metallic strapping mounting The Wirnet iBTS can be also mounted on a pole by strapping. The maximum acceptable width of the strapping is 25mm. Several slots are available allowing adapting different diameters of poles. It is recommended to use 2 metallic strappings as described on the figure below: Figure 86 : Standard casing - Pole mount using strapping Strapping Alternate Strapping positions U-bolts Notched V-shapped plates
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 124 / 167 Strict confidential For safety reason, the metallic mounting kit must own a good earth connection. This is ensured by adding an earth connection on the dedicated hole (see §4.6.1.1). 4.5.5 Mounting of the accessories 4.5.5.1 Indoor PoE injectors Both indoor PoE injectors described in §1.7.1.1 and §1.7.1.2 can be wall mounted with 2 x M3 screws. Figure 87 : Screws for indoor POE injectors mounting 4.5.5.2 Outdoor PoE injectors Both outdoor PoE injectors described in §1.7.1.3 and §1.7.1.4 can be wall mounted using 3 x M3 screws (positions 1, 2 and 3 below): Figure 88 : Screws for outdoor POE injectors mounting 2 x M3 screws 2 x M3 screws 3 x M3 screws
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 125 / 167 Strict confidential A mounting bracket kit is also available: Figure 89 : Mounting bracket for outdoor POE injectors 4.5.5.3 Indoor Ethernet surge protection The indoor Ethernet surge protection is provided with a clip dedicated to DIN rail mounting. The DIN rail clip can be removed by unscrewing the nut: Figure 90 : Indoor Ethernet surge protection – DIN rail clip 4.5.5.4 Outdoor Ethernet surge protection The outdoor Ethernet surge protection is provided with an “omega” bracket dedicated to wall mounting. Use 2 x M4 screws to fix to bracket on the wall: DIN rail clip Nut
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 126 / 167 Strict confidential Figure 91 : Outdoor Ethernet Surge protection – wall mounting The outdoor Ethernet surge protection can be also pole mounted with strapping. Disassemble the “omega” bracket by unscrewing both of its screws. Mount the surge protection on the pole and use a metallic strapping or worm gear clam to fix it: Figure 92 : Outdoor Ethernet Surge protection – pole mounting with strapping 2 x M3 screws Omega bracket
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 127 / 167 Strict confidential 4.5.5.5 RF coaxial surge protection The RF coaxial surge protections are directly mounted (screwed) on the N connectors of the antennas or of the Wirnet iBTS. 4.5.5.6 Cavity filters The cavity filters are directly mounted (screwed) on the N connectors of the antennas or of the Wirnet iBTS. They can also be wall mounted with 4 x M4 x 8 mm screws as detailed in Figure 32 and Figure 34.
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 128 / 167 Strict confidential 4.6 Setting connections Before setting all connections, ensure that the POE injector is not connected to the mains supply. The following pictures details all the Wirnet iBTS required connections, including power supply cables, data cables, RF coaxial cables and earthing connections: Figure 93 : connection settings of the installation 4.6.1 Earthing Several earthing cables, wires, tapes or ring tongue terminals are required to connect the installation and the materials to earth for lighting immunity and electrical security: • Earthing of the Wirnet iBTS mounting kit • Earthing of the RF coaxial surge protection • Earthing of the Ethernet surge protection • Earthing of the outdoor PoE injector A M8 ring tongue terminal is provided for earthing of the Wirnet iBTS mounting kit. The earthing cables characteristics are detailed in §1.7.5.2. Note: the earthing cables are not provided by KERLINK.
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 129 / 167 Strict confidential 4.6.1.1 Earthing of the Wirnet iBTS mounting kit Earthing of the standard casing mounting kit is completed through the 2 holes dedicated to the M8 U Bolt used for pole mount. The earthing symbol is placed close to dedicated holes. Two different configurations are then possible, depending on the usage of the U bolt: 1. The M8 U bolt is used (pole mount by U-bolt configuration): The U-bolt and the M8 nut are used to connect the ring tongue terminal 2. The M8 U bolt is not used (wall mount configuration or metallic strapping configuration): A M8 bolt and nut is used to connect the ring tongue terminal The different configurations are presented below: Figure 94 : Standard casing – earthing with U bolt configuration Figure 95 : Standard casing – earthing without U bolt configuration Crimp the ring tongue terminal to earthing cable with the crimping tool Connect the ring tongue to the mounting kit with M8 bolt and nut. Connect the other side of the earthing cable to the earthing system or lighting protection system of the of the pole, mast, … of the installation. Note 1: the earthing cable is not provided by KERLINK Note 2: the earthing cable characteristics are detailed in §1.7.5.2. Note 3: use a crimping tool to crimp the ring tongue terminal with earthing cable. M8 U Bolt & nuts Earth symbol Ring tongue terminal Earth symbol Ring tongue terminal M8 Bolt & nut
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 130 / 167 Strict confidential 4.6.1.2 Earthing of the Wirnet iBTS Compact mounting kit Earthing of the compact casing mounting kit is completed through the holes dedicated to the M8 U Bolt used for pole mount or the holes dedicated to the universal antenna bracket. The earthing symbol is placed close to dedicated holes. Two different configurations are then possible, depending on the usage of the U bolt: 1. The M8 U bolt is used (pole mount by U-bolt configuration): The U-bolt and the M8 nut are used to connect the ring tongue terminal 2. The M8 U bolt is not used (wall mount configuration or metallic strapping configuration): The M8 bolt and nut dedicated to the universal antenna bracket is used to connect the ring tongue terminal. It can be used whatever the universal antenna bracket is installed or not on the mounting kit. The different configurations are presented below: Figure 96 : Compact casing – earthing with U bolt configuration Figure 97 : Compact casing – earthing without U bolt configuration Crimp the ring tongue terminal to earthing cable with the crimping tool Connect the ring tongue to the mounting kit with M8 bolt (or U-bolt) and nut. M8 U Bolt & nuts Earth symbol Ring tongue terminal Earth symbol Ring tongue terminal M8 Bolt & nut
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 131 / 167 Strict confidential Connect the other side of the earthing cable to the earthing system or lighting protection system of the of the pole, mast, … of the installation. Note: 1 the earthing cable is not provided by KERLINK Note 2: the earthing cable characteristics are detailed in §1.7.5.2. Note 3: use a crimping tool to crimp the ring tongue terminal with earthing cable. 4.6.1.3 Earthing of the RF coaxial surge protection On the RF coaxial surge protection side, the earthing connection is completed through a ring tongue terminal. The earthing cable must be crimped inside this ring tongue terminal. A specific crimping tool is required to perform the operation. Figure 98 : Earthing of the RF coaxial surge protection Note 1: the earthing cable is not provided by KERLINK Note 2: the earthing cable characteristics are detailed in §1.7.5.2. Note 3: use a crimping tool to crimp the ring tongue terminal with earthing cable. 4.6.1.4 Earthing of the Ethernet surge protection On the indoor Ethernet surge protection side, the earthing connection is completed through the DIN rail clip. Therefore, the earthing cable can be connected to the DIN rail itself or using the nut of the DIN rail clip. Ring terminal
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 132 / 167 Strict confidential Figure 99 : Earthing of the indoor Ethernet surge protection On the outdoor Ethernet surge protection side, the earthing connection is completed through a dedicated earthing screw. The earthing connection is completed through a ring terminal. The earthing cable must be crimped inside this ring terminal. A specific crimping tool is required to perform the operation. Figure 100 : Earthing of the outdoor Ethernet surge protection Note 1: the earthing cables are not provided by KERLINK Note 2: the earthing cables characteristics are detailed in §1.7.5.2. 4.6.1.5 Earthing of the outdoor PoE injector On the outdoor PoE injector, the earthing connection is completed through a dedicated earthing bolt and two nuts. The earthing connection on the cable is completed through a ring terminal. A specific crimping tool is required to perform the operation. The earthing cable must be crimped inside this ring terminal. The ring terminal is inserted between the two nuts as follows: DIN rail Nut Earthing screw Earthing cable
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 133 / 167 Strict confidential Figure 101 : Earthing of the outdoor PoE injector Note 1: the earthing cables are not provided by KERLINK Note 2: the earthing cables characteristics are detailed in §1.7.5.2. 4.6.2 RF antennas RF antennas (GNSS, LTE and LoRa) are connected to the Wirnet iBTS through the N connectors on the bottom side of the enclosure. In its default configuration, the standard casing features only 3 N-SMB adapters used as RF interfaces for the antennas: • 1 for GNSS antenna (GPS) • 1 for WAN antenna (GSM/HSDPA/LTE) • 1 for LoRa antenna. The N connectors are connected to the modules (CPU, WAN and Lora) through SMB-SMB or SMB-SMA coaxial cables. The coaxial cables must be carefully checked to make sure the right RF interface of each module is connected to the right N connector and therefore to the right antenna. The N connectors are located as follows:
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 134 / 167 Strict confidential Figure 102 : nominal configuration of N connectors - standard casing Therefore, in its nominal configuration, only one N connector is available for a single antenna. If antenna diversity is required, or additional LoRa modules are required, then the installer has to add the missing modules inside the enclosure and mount the required N-SMB adapters on the bottom side of the enclosure. 8 x M16 blind stops are available for that purpose (see §4.4). In order, to facilitate the installation, KERLINK recommends the following allocation of the M16 blind stops for the additional N-SMB connectors: GPS antenna LoRa antenna LTE antenna
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 135 / 167 Strict confidential Figure 103 : Recommended allocation of the N connectors – Standard casing Note: the bottom side of the enclosure does not include any label or any serigraphy to differentiate the N connectors. This is because of the full modularity of the Wirnet iBTS. We strongly recommend to the installer following KERLINK recommendations regarding the placement of the connectors to facilitate the installation. The installer must ensure that the right N connector is connected to the right SMB connector of the LoRa module and therefore to the right antenna! In its default configuration, the compact casing features only one N-SMB adapters used as RF interfaces for the LoRa antenna: GPS antenna LTE antenna LoRa antenna WAN LoRa Module #1 LoRa Module #2 LoRa Module #3 LoRa Module #4 RF1 connector RF2 connector GNSS
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 136 / 167 Strict confidential Figure 104 : Nominal configuration of N connectors - compact casing If antenna diversity is required then the installer has to mount an additional N-SMB adapter on the bottom side of the enclosure. The M16 blind stop is available for that purpose. LoRa antenna M16 blind stop (2nd Lora antenna) SMB-SMB coaxial cable
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 137 / 167 Strict confidential 4.6.2.1 GNSS antenna Connect the N male connector of the GNSS antenna onto the dedicated N female connector as indicated below: Figure 105 : GNSS antenna cabling, internal and external Make sure the SMA-SMB cable inside the enclosure is properly connected to the CPU module. GNSS antenna Internal SMA-SMB coaxial cable GNSS antenna External N coaxial cable
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 138 / 167 Strict confidential 4.6.2.2 LTE antenna Connect the N male connector of the LTE antenna onto the dedicated N female connector as indicated below: Figure 106 : LTE antenna cabling, internal and external Make sure the SMA-SMB cable inside the enclosure is properly connected to the WAN module. LTE antenna Internal SMA-SMB coaxial cable LTE antenna External N coaxial cable
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 139 / 167 Strict confidential 4.6.2.3 GNSS / LTE combo antenna The Wirnet iBTS Compact is delivered with an internal GNSS/LTE combo antenna mounted on the internal bracket. Check the antenna is well mounted on the bracket and the SMA connectors are properly screwed on the modules, as described below: Figure 107 : GPS and LTE cabling within Wirnet iBTS Compact The GNSS cable is the blue one, referenced as “GPS”, and connected to the CPU module. The LTE cable is the white one, referenced as “CELL”, and connected to the WAN module. 4.6.2.4 LoRa RF Antenna 4.6.2.4.1 Common generalities Several LoRa antennas can be used with the Wirnet iBTS as detailed in §1.7.2. Once the antennas are mounted (see §4.5.2), a RF coaxial cable must be used to connect the antenna to the Wirnet iBTS. The RF coaxial cable delivered by default is only 1m length. This is suitable for many installation but extension coaxial cables can be used when the distance between the LoRa antenna and the Wirnet iBTS is greater than 1 meter. The RF coaxial cables have two N male connectors on each side. One side is screwed on the antenna N female connector and the other side is screwed on the N female connector on the bottom side of the Wirnet iBTS as follows: GNSS/LTE antenna GNSS cable LTE cable
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 140 / 167 Strict confidential Figure 108 : Connection of the RF coaxial cable To improve the durability of the RF connections against environmental aggression (moisture, pollution …), KERLINK recommends to protect connectors with an insulating tape like the reference 130C from 3M. To tighten the coaxial cable of the Wirnet iBTS Compact, the installer can use cable clamps inserted in the dedicated slots of the mounting kit: Figure 109 : attachment of the RF antenna coaxial cable Several configurations of antennas are possible depending on the number of LoRa modules used. They are listed in the following paragraphs. Slots provided to attach the antenna cable 1m coaxial cable N connector screwed on antenna N connector screwed on antenna
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 141 / 167 Strict confidential 4.6.2.4.2 Single LoRa module / single omnidirectional antenna In this configuration, the Wirnet iBTS receiver supports 16 channels. Figure 110 : Single LoRa module / single omnidirectional antenna connections 4.6.2.4.3 Single LoRa module / dual omnidirectional antennas / diversity In this configuration, the Wirnet iBTS receiver supports 2 x 8 channels. The distance between antennas must be optimized to offer the best reception (see §4.5.2.2.2). Figure 111 : Single LoRa module / dual omnidirectional antennas connections
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 142 / 167 Strict confidential 4.6.2.4.4 Single LoRa module / single dual polarization antenna In this configuration, the Wirnet iBTS receiver supports 2 x 8 channels. Figure 112 : Single LoRa module / single dual polarization antenna connections 4.6.2.4.5 Two LoRa modules / two omnidirectional antennas / diversity In this configuration, the Wirnet iBTS receiver supports 2 x 16 channels. The distance between antennas must be optimized to offer the best reception (see §4.5.2.2.2). Figure 113 : Two LoRa modules / two omnidirectional antennas / diversity connections
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 143 / 167 Strict confidential 4.6.2.4.6 Two LoRa modules / two dual polarization antennas In this configuration, the Wirnet iBTS receiver supports 2 x 2 x 8 channels. Figure 114 : Two LoRa modules / two dual polarization antennas connections 4.6.2.4.7 Three LoRa modules / three sectors antennas In this configuration, the Wirnet iBTS receiver supports 3 x 16 channels. Figure 115 : Three LoRa modules / three sectors antennas connections
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 144 / 167 Strict confidential 4.6.2.4.8 Three LoRa modules / three sectors antennas / dual polarization In this configuration, the Wirnet iBTS receiver supports 3 x 2 x 8 channels. Figure 116 : Three LoRa modules / three sectors antennas / dual polarization connections 4.6.2.4.9 Four LoRa modules / single omnidirectional antenna In this configuration, the Wirnet iBTS receiver supports 64 channels. Figure 117 : Four LoRa modules / single omnidirectional antenna connections
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 145 / 167 Strict confidential 4.6.2.4.10 Four LoRa modules / dual omnidirectional antennas / diversity In this configuration, the Wirnet iBTS receiver supports 2 x 32 channels. Figure 118 : Four LoRa modules / dual omnidirectional antennas / diversity connections 4.6.2.4.11 Four LoRa modules / dual polarization antenna In this configuration, the Wirnet iBTS receiver supports 2 x 32 channels. Figure 119 : Four LoRa modules / dual polarization antenna connections
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 146 / 167 Strict confidential 4.6.3 Ethernet connection The Wirnet iBTS gateway is supplied by a PoE injector through an Ethernet cable. The PoE injectors are detailed in §1.7.1.1 and §1.7.1.2. The recommended Ethernet cable is detailed in §1.7.5.1. It includes two RJ45 T 568A plugs on each side Note 1: The Ethernet cable is not provided with the Wirnet iBTS. Note 2: The maximum Ethernet cable length is 100m. On Wirnet iBTS side, the Ethernet RJ45 connector must be firstly inserted through the M25 cable gland as shown on the Figure 120. To introduce the RJ45 cable into the cable gland, follow the procedure below: • Unscrew the external nut • Remove the seal • Introduce the RJ45 cable into the external nut • Place the seal around the RJ45 cable • Introduce the RJ45 cable into the cable gland body • Connect the RJ45 connector in to the PoE/LAN port of the CPU module • Replace the seal in the cable gland body • Screw the external nut Figure 120 : Ethernet connection on Wirnet iBTS side / cable gland
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 147 / 167 Strict confidential Note 3: The cable gland allows external cable diameter (cable and RJ45 connector) from 5mm to 8 mm. An example of RJ45 connector inserted to the PoE/LAN port of the CPU module is shown below: Figure 121 : Ethernet connection on Wirnet iBTS side On the other side of the Ethernet cable, the RJ45 connector must be inserted into the RJ45 “Data + Power” port of the POE injector. This POE injector is connected to 230VAC mains supply as detailed in §4.3.2. RJ45 cable PoE / LAN port of CPU module M25 cable gland
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 148 / 167 Strict confidential Figure 122 : Ethernet connection on PoE injector side Note 4: the PoE injector must be connected to the mains supply through a main electrical board with surge protections type 1 and a secondary electrical board with surge protections type 2 as detailed in §4.3.2. Note 5: the PoE injectors detailed in §1.7.1.1 and §1.7.1.2 are intended for indoor applications only. Note 6: If the electrical installation does not include surge protections type 1 and 2, then an outdoor PoE injector featuring better surge protection is required. These outdoor PoE injector are detailed in §1.7.1.3 and § 1.7.1.4. 4.6.4 Mains supply The PoE injectors detailed in §1.7.1.1 and §1.7.1.2, are provided with E/F type cable (Europe) or B type cable (USA). Insert the plugs to the mains receptacle of the electrical installation. Note: the E/F type or B type plugs must be inserted into the mains receptacle only once all other connections are settled and USIM card inserted (see §4.7). 4.6.5 Auxiliary power supply The Wirnet iBTS can be also supplied with an auxiliary DC power supply as a solar panel for instance. The input voltage range is 11 to 56VDC. A 24V DC solar system is then recommended for optimized performance. A two-wires cable is required to interconnect the auxiliary power supply connector. « Data + Power » port RJ45 cable
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 149 / 167 Strict confidential The auxiliary power supply connector is a Euroblock plug, which is located on the front side of the CPU module. The polarity of the power signals are indicated besides the connector, as shown below: Figure 123 : Auxiliary DC power supply connector First, the auxiliary power supply cable must be introduced into the enclosure through a cable gland. The operator needs to determine which cable gland can be used for this operation: • M25 cable gland can be used for that purpose if the Ethernet cable is no longer required (LTE backhaul only). • If the Ethernet cable is required, then a M16 cable gland must be used. One M16 blind stops must be removed and replaced by the M16 cable gland. Note 1: The M16 cable glands are not provided by KERLINK. The M25 cable gland allows external cable diameter from 5mm to 8 mm. The M16 cable glands allows external cable diameter from 4mm to 8 mm. After insertion through the cable gland, the 2-wire cable can be screwed to the dedicated Euroblock plug as described on the Figure 123, according to the defined polarity. Note 2: the Euroblock plug must be inserted into the Euroblock receptacle only once all other connections are settled and USIM card inserted (see §4.7). Note 3: the external power supply must be a limited power source.
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 150 / 167 Strict confidential 4.7 Commissioning 4.7.1 USIM card The USIM card is mandatory to establish the LTE/3G/GPRS communications. The USIM card to be used with the Wirnet iBTS must be a 2FF format. KERLINK recommends the usage of a M2M UICC compliant with 3GPP TS 102.671. It offers then a better temperature operating range, improved data retention and increased number of UPDATE commands. Before inserting the USIM card, pay attention that the Wirnet iBTS is unpowered by checking that all LEDs of the CPU module are OFF. USIM card insertion is based on a push-push mechanism. Then, to insert a USIM card in the WAN module, follow the procedure: • Open the enclosure (see §4.1) • Insert carefully the USIM card in the WAN module respecting the USIM orientation drawn besides the connector and as shown below • Push the USIM card and released pressure until a “click” can be heard. Figure 124 : USIM Card In case of replacement of the USIM card, the power supply must be firstly switched off by disconnecting Ethernet wires or disconnecting the POE injector. For few seconds, the Wirnet iBTS is still powered-on due to the internal backup battery. Wait and check the LEDs are switched off before extracting the USIM card. Simply push the USIM card to extract it from the WAN module. Insert and press the USIM card here
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 151 / 167 Strict confidential After inserting the new USIM card as described above, the Wirnet iBTS can be re-powered on again. In case of change of mobile operator, APN and login/password must be updated. This can be done through USB update or through the local maintenance Web interface. For more details, contact KERLINK. 4.7.2 Power ON Once the RF antenna(s) and the Ethernet cable are connected and the USIM card is inserted, the Wirnet iBTS can be powered ON. To POWER ON the Wirnet iBTS, connect the POE injector onto the 230VAC mains supply. 4.7.3 Functional check To ensure the Wirnet iBTS is started up, check the behavior of the LED indicators on the CPU module: Connector LED Description LOCAL Green Ethernet data activity LOCAL Orange Ethernet Link PoE/LAN Green Ethernet data activity PoE/LAN Orange Ethernet Link DEBUG Green Power status DEBUG Orange Software status/ activity When the Wirnet iBTS is powered ON then, all the LED are switched ON during seven seconds. Then the DEBUG green LED must be ON to indicate the power supplies are OK. The DEBUG orange LED is blinking very fast during two seconds at the end of the boot. Once the boot is completed and the Wirnet iBTS is in nominal configuration, then the DEBUG orange LED is blinking every 5 seconds. Then, to check and analyze the status of the Wirnet iBTS, a standard laptop can be connected to the LOCAL RJ45 connector of the CPU module or the LOCAL RJ45 connector of the PoE injector. Once connected, run the maintenance Web interface as explained in chapter 5.3.4. 4.7.4 Configuration A local maintenance Web interface is available to perform the specific configuration (IP address…). The maintenance Web interface is described in chapter 5.3.4.
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 152 / 167 Strict confidential 4.8 Lighting protections In its standard configuration, the Wirnet iBTS is provided with optimal internal surge protections. In harsh environment, additional protections may be used to improve lightning immunity. The Wirnet iBTS gateways are not warranted by KERLINK in case of deterioration due to lighting. KERLINK recommends adding surge protections, especially in high keraunic levels areas and on high points. The lighting surge protection must be completed on three interfaces to be efficient: - Mains supply - Ethernet (PoE) cable - RF coaxial cable (antenna interfaces) Another key parameter for an efficient lighting surge protection is “earthing”. The earthing connection insures that the lighting surge is driven to the ground properly. Earthing of the installation is mandatory for: - indoor installation (mains supply, PoE injector) - outdoor installation (tower, pole, …) The following figure describes the lighting protections that are required in a high keraunic area configuration: Figure 125 : Installation with recommended lighting protections
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 153 / 167 Strict confidential The installation is composed of two separated areas: indoor installation and outdoor installation. The indoor installation is composed of: • A main electrical board including: o a circuit breaker o a surge protection type 1 o a connection to “earth” • A secondary electrical board including: o a circuit breaker o a surge protection type 2 o a connection to “earth” • The PoE injector (see §1.7.1.1 and §1.7.1.2) • An Ethernet surge protection, connected to “earth” (see §1.7.6.2) The outdoor installation is composed of: • A tower, mast or pole that must be connected to “earth”. • The Wirnet iBTS and its mounting kit. The mounting kit must be connected to earth. • The antennas (LoRa, LTE, GNSS) with their RF coaxial surge protections (see §1.7.6.1) connected to “earth”. A lighting rod with a down conductor to earth is strongly recommended for this kind of applications. The lighting rod avoids direct impacts on the aerials (antennas and Wirnet iBTS). Note 1: the PoE injector must be connected to the mains supply through a main electrical board with surge protections type 1 and a secondary electrical board with surge protections type 2. If the electrical installation does not meet those requirements, use an alternate PoE injector featuring better surge protection. Contact KERLINK for more information. Note 2: the PoE injector is intended for indoor applications only. Note 3: the Ethernet surge protection is intended for indoor applications only. In some use cases the electrical installation does not have the required surge protections type 1 and type 2. Also, the PoE injector and Ethernet surge protection could not be installed indoor. Therefore, an alternate PoE injector and an Ethernet surge protection dedicated to outdoor applications are required. These are detailed in §1.7.1.3, § 1.7.1.4 and §1.7.6.3. In this use case, the installation is still composed of two separated areas: indoor installation and outdoor installation.
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 154 / 167 Strict confidential The indoor installation is composed of: • A main electrical board including: o a circuit breaker o a surge protection type 1 o a connection to “earth” The outdoor installation is composed of: • A tower, mast or pole that must be connected to “earth”. • The Wirnet iBTS and its mounting kit. The mounting kit must be connected to earth. • The antennas (LoRa, LTE, GNSS) with their RF coaxial surge protections (see §1.7.6.1) connected to “earth”. • The PoE injector (see §1.7.1.3 and § 1.7.1.4) • An Ethernet surge protection, connected to “earth” (see §1.7.6.3.) A lighting rod with a down conductor to earth is still strongly recommended for this kind of applications to avoid direct impacts on the aerials. Figure 126 : Installation with recommended lighting protections / Outdoor PoE injector
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 155 / 167 Strict confidential Note 1: the outdoor PoE injector and Ethernet surge protectors have cable glands to insure the ingress protection. RJ45 connectors must be inserted into the POE injector through the cable glands. Note 2: in both use cases, the earthing cables for the PoE injector, Ethernet surge protection, RF coaxial surge protection and Wirnet iBTS mounting kit are not provided by KERLINK.
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 156 / 167 Strict confidential 5. Maintenance of the Wirnet iBTS 5.1 Simple checks 5.1.1 Wirnet iBTS enclosure Check the robustness of the installation: - Screwing of the Wirnet iBTS station on the mounting kit - Screwing of the mounting kit (depends on the configuration) Check the Ingress Protection of the enclosure: - No trace of water inside the enclosure - Tightening of the cable gland - Tightening / screwing of the N connectors - Tightening of the pressure stabilizers - Tightening / screwing of the blind stops - Gasket on the door 5.1.2 User interface Check the USIM is properly inserted in the USIM connector of the WAN module Check the LED indicators on the CPU module inside the enclosure: Connector LED Description LOCAL Green Ethernet data activity LOCAL Orange Ethernet Link PoE/LAN Green Ethernet data activity PoE/LAN Orange Ethernet Link DEBUG Green Power status DEBUG Orange Software status/ activity 5.1.3 Cables and antennas Check tightening and cabling of the antennas: - The coaxial cables of LoRa, GNSS (GPS) and LTE antennas are well screwed and tightened on the Wirnet iBTS N connectors. - The coaxial cables of LoRa, GNSS (GPS) and LTE antennas are not deteriorated. - The LoRa, GNSS (GPS) and LTE antennas are well screwed and tightened on their brackets. - The antenna brackets are well tightened to the wall or pole. - RJ45/PoE cable is not deteriorated.
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 157 / 167 Strict confidential Check earthing of the installation: - Antennas + mounting kit earthing cables are connected and not deteriorated. - Wirnet iBTS + mounting kit earthing cable is connected and not deteriorated. - Surge protectors earthing cables are connected and not deteriorated. Check cabling inside the enclosure: - The SMB and SMA cables are correctly connected to the modules and to the SMB/N adapters. - RJ45/PoE connector is properly inserted in the CPU module - Auxiliary supply wires (optional) are correctly inserted and screwed in the Euroblock connector of the CPU module 5.1.4 PoE injector Check the RJ45 connectors of the Ethernet cables are properly inserted into the PoE injector Check the LED indicator on the indoor 30W PoE injector: - Yellow: AC Power OK but Channel Power KO -> defect - Green: AC Power OK and Channel Power OK -> no defect - None: no AC Power -> defect Check the LED indicators on the indoor 60W PoE injectors: - Yellow: AC Power OK but Channel Power KO -> defect - Green: AC Power OK and Channel Power OK -> no defect - None: no AC Power -> defect 5.2 Adding or replacing a module To replace a module or add a module, follow the procedure detailed in §4.4. 5.3 Interfaces for debug or maintenance purposes 5.3.1 Proprietary debug interface The Wirnet iBTS station has a proprietary serial debug interface named DEBUG located on the front side of the CPU module. This debug interface is intended to be used by authorized and qualified personnel only. Be careful: Only specific equipment developed by KERLINK must be connected to this interface.
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 158 / 167 Strict confidential The Wirma2 Debug Tool is intended to be connected to the debug interface. This tool is detailed in §1.7.8. It can be ordered to KERLINK as part of the accessories (see §6). An Ethernet cable is required to connect the Wirma2 Debug Tool to the RJ45 DEBUG connector of the CPU module. A USB2.0 type A to type B male cable is also required to connect the Wirma2 Debug Tool to a computer. Both cables can be provided by KERLINK as accessories (see §6). The connections of the Wirma2 Debug Tool to the CPU module and the computer are detailed on the following picture: Figure 127 : Wirma2 Debug tool connected to the Wirnet iBTS Use HyperTerminal or Teraterm on the computer to visualize the traces. The serial port must be configured as follows: Debug connector Ethernet cable Wirma2 Debug tool USB2.0 A B cable (to computer)
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 159 / 167 Strict confidential Figure 128 : Serial port configuration Note 1: COM port number must be adjusted depending on which serial port is used on the computer. Note 2: It is also possible to access to the debug interface by Ethernet connection by connecting directly to the POE injector or the Ethernet switch (depending on the installation topology). Note 3: request default login/password to KERLINK. 5.3.2 USB interface Firmware upgrade can be performed with a USB key via the USB type A connector. The connector is located on the CPU module as described below: Figure 129 : USB connector of the Wirnet iBTS USB type A connector
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 160 / 167 Strict confidential 5.3.3 ON/OFF button An ON/OFF button is located on the front side of the CPU module: Figure 130 : ON/OFF button of the Wirnet iBTS This button is intended to perform a hard reboot, power down and power on of the Wirnet iBTS: • Press the button once to complete the hard reboot of the Wirnet iBTS • Long press the button during 5 seconds min to power down the Wirnet iBTS Wait the shutdown of the Wirnet iBTS i.e. until the LEDs are switched off. The shutdown may take up to 30s depending on the current software activity. • Press the button once again to power on the Wirnet iBTS when powered off. If the shutdown is not completed properly, or may take longer than expected or if the Wirnet iBTS is under fault for any expected reason then: • Long press the button during 5 seconds min to power down the Wirnet iBTS • Wait the shutdown of the Wirnet iBTS i.e. until the LEDs are switched off. • Press the button once again to restart the Wirnet iBTS. ON/OFF button
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 161 / 167 Strict confidential 5.3.4 Local WEB maintenance interface A LOCAL Ethernet RJ45 connector is located on the front side of the CPU module: Figure 131 : Local Ethernet interface of the Wirnet iBTS This RJ45 Ethernet connector is dedicated to the Web maintenance of the Wirnet iBTS. Local WEB maintenance interface availability depends on the software package. If the software package embeds this application, the following services are available: • Board diagnostic (voltage, firmware version, memory and processor usage…) • Configuration : network, radio, security credentials • Firmware upgrade • Linux SSH console session • Real time radio spectrum scanning The two main operations to be completed when installing the Wirnet iBTS are: • configuring the network to access the server • configuring the security These operations are described below. Consult the local WEB interface documentation for other operations. Local Ethernet interface
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 162 / 167 Strict confidential 5.3.4.1 Configuring network parameters The network bearer selection can be performed through Ethernet, LTE and WLAN, according to available WAN modules plugged inside the gateway: • Ethernet : o IP mode : DHCP or static o IP address (if static mode) o Gateway address & broadcast mask • GSM / HSPA / LTE: o USIM pincode o APN o Login o Password • WLAN : o Essid o Password 5.3.4.2 Configure credentials Several security credentials have to be updated when installing the device. KERLINK recommends to: • Change root password • Change local WEB interface password • Change local WEB interface certificate • Change Backhaul interface certificate
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 163 / 167 Strict confidential 6. List of the accessories Basic configuration: KERLINK Reference Designation KLK-P0073 Wirnet iBTS enclosure, including: - 1 X Wall mount kit - 1 X U bolt mounting kit - 1 X M25 cable gland - 2 X N-SMB adapters - 2 x RF coaxial SMB/SMA cables - 9 X M16 blind stop - 1 X CPU Module KLK-P0074 Wirnet iBTS Compact enclosure, including: - 1 X Wall mount kit - 1 X U bolt mounting kit - 1 x combo antenna LTE / GNSS - 1 X M25 cable gland - 1 X N-SMB adapters - 1 x RF coaxial SMB/SMA cables - 1 X M16 blind stop - 1 X CPU Module LoRa modules: KERLINK Reference Designation KLK-P0078 KLK-I0141 Single LoRa Module 868 – LoRa LOC, including: - 2 X N-SMB adapter - 2 x RF coaxial SMB/SMB cable KLK-I0164 Single LoRa Module 915 – LoRa LOC, including: - 2 X N-SMB adapter - 2 x RF coaxial SMB/SMB cable KLK-P0079 KLK-I0153 Quad LoRa Modules 915 – LoRa LOC – 64 channels, including: - 2 X N-SMB adapter - 2 x RF coaxial SMB/SMB cable KLK-I0166 Single LoRa Module 923 – LoRa LOC, including: - 2 X N-SMB adapter - 2 x RF coaxial SMB/SMB cable KLK-I0160 Quad LoRa Modules 923 – LoRa LOC – 64 channels, including: - 2 X N-SMB adapter - 2 x RF coaxial SMB/SMB cable
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 164 / 167 Strict confidential UC module: KERLINK Reference Designation KLK-P0072 KLK-I0147 UC Module, including: - 1 X N-SMB adapter - 1 x RF coaxial SMB/SMA cable WAN modules: KERLINK Reference Designation KLK-P0076 KLK-I0146 WAN Module – LTE Europe – with backup battery, including: - 1 X 868MHz notch filter - 1 X LTE Europe / APAC Mini PCI Express module - 1 X N-SMB adapter - 1 x RF coaxial SMB/SMA cable - 1 x backup battery KLK-P0077 KLK-I0156 WAN Module – LTE Americas – with backup battery, including: - 1 X 915MHz notch filter - 1 X LTE Americas Mini PCI Express module - 1 X N-SMB adapter - 1 x RF coaxial SMB/SMA cable - 1 x backup battery KLK-I0162 WAN Module – LTE APAC – with backup battery, including: - 1 X 915MHz notch filter - 1 X LTE Europe / APAC Mini PCI Express module - 1 X N-SMB adapter - 1 x RF coaxial SMB/SMA cable - 1 x backup battery LoRa antennas: KERLINK Reference Designation KLK-I0145 Omnidirectional antenna 868MHz 3dBi kit, including: - 1 X Universal antenna bracket - 1 X 1m coaxial cable KLK-I0167 Omnidirectional antenna 915MHz 3dBi kit, including: - 1 X Universal antenna bracket - 1 X 1m coaxial cable KLK-I0158 Omnidirectional antenna 915MHz 6dBi kit, including: - 1 X Universal antenna bracket - 1 X 1m coaxial cable KLK02518 Omnidirectional antenna 915MHz 6dBi from FT-RF with its own antenna bracket
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 165 / 167 Strict confidential GNSS and WAN antennas: KERLINK Reference Designation KLK-I0149 GNSS antenna kit, including: - 1 X 5m coaxial cable - 1 X Dome antenna bracket KLK-I0150 LTE antenna kit, including: - 1 X 5m coaxial cable - 1 X Dome antenna bracket Cavity filters: KERLINK Reference Designation KLK02522 920-925MHz cavity filter, IP66, N connectors KLK02523 862-867MHz cavity filter, IP66, N connectors Cables: KERLINK Reference Designation KLK02460 RF coaxial cable N-N 1m PoE injectors: KERLINK Reference Designation KLK02681 Indoor Midspan PoE injector 30W with E/F type cable (Europe) KLK02765 Indoor Midspan PoE injector 30W with B type cable (USA) KLK02744 Indoor Midspan PoE injector 60W with E/F type cable (Europe) KLK02766 Indoor Midspan PoE injector 60W with B type cable (USA) KLK02815 Outdoor Midspan PoE injector 30W, IP66 KLK02816 Outdoor Midspan PoE injector 60W, IP66 Surge protections: KERLINK Reference Designation KLK02819 RF coaxial surge protector KLK02818 PoE surge protector, indoor KLK02817 PoE surge protector, outdoor
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 166 / 167 Strict confidential Debug tool: KERLINK Reference Designation KLK-I0036 Wirma2 debug tool KLK02314 RJ45 cable, 40cm KLK02440 USB2.0 A type / B type cable, 2m Mounting kits: KERLINK Reference Designation KLK-I0168 Notched V-shaped pole mounting kit, including: - 1 X notched V shaped plate - 1 X U bolt KLK02453 Universal antenna bracket KLK02692 Dome antenna bracket 7. KERLINK support The Wirnet iBTS gateway must be installed and maintained by authorized and qualified personnel only. In case of defect or breakdown, make sure the above recommendations detailed in this document are met. If an issue is not addressed in this document, contact KERLINK at support@kerlink.fr.
Wirnet iBTS Document title : Installation and Maintenance Manual Version : 0.6 Author : MGI Date : 16/08/31 Classification This document is the strict property of Kerlink and shall not be either copied nor sent without express written authorization of Kerlink Internal Use Kerlink m2m technologies reserved rights Confidential Kerlink – 1 rue Jacqueline Auriol – 35235 THORIGNÉ-FOUILLARD Page 167 / 167 Strict confidential END OF DOCUMENT

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