Kti Networks Ks 2262 Users Manual
KS-2262 15
KS-2262 to the manual 1c7603aa-2a1d-43f3-863f-77e74ec7c2e2
2015-02-09
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24 Fast Ethernet + 2 Gigabit
L2 Managed Switch
User's Manual
KS-2262
Release 2.28
ii
Electronic Emission Notices
Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Statement
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a class A computing
device pursuant to Subpart J of part 15 of FCC Rules, which are designed to provide
reasonable protection against such interference when operated in a commercial environment.
European Community (CE) Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the protection requirements of
European Emission Standard EN55022/EN60555-2 and the Generic European Immunity
Standard EN50082-1.
EMC:
EN55022(1988)/CISPR-22(1985) class A
EN60555-2(1995) class A
EN60555-3
IEC1000-4-2(1995) 4K V CD, 8KV, AD
IEC1000-4-3(1995) 3V/m
IEC1000-4-4(1995) 1KV – (power line), 0.5KV – (signal line)
Table of Contents
CAUTION -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------4
ELECTRIC EMISSION NOTICES------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------II
1. INTRODUCTION ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------6
1-1. OVERVIEW OF 24 FAST ETHERNET + 2 GIGABIT L2 MANAGED SWITCH----------------------------------6
1-2. CHECKLIST --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------8
1-3. FEATURES ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------8
1-4. VIEW OF 24 FAST ETHERNET + 2 GIGABIT L2 MANAGED SWITCH ---------------------------------------- 10
1-4-1. USER INTERFACES ON THE FRONT PANEL (BUTTON, LEDS AND PLUGS)---------------------------- 10
1-4-2. USER INTERFACES ON THE REAR PANEL ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 12
1-5. VIEW OF THE OPTIONAL MODULES--------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 13
2. INSTALLATION--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 15
2-1. STARTING 24 FAST ETHERNET + 2 GIGABIT L2 MANAGED SWITCH UP --------------------------------- 15
2-1-1. HARDWARE AND CABLE INSTALLATION ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 15
2-1-2. INSTALLING CHASSIS TO A 19-INCH WIRING CLOSET RAIL ---------------------------------------------- 17
2-1-3. CABLING REQUIREMENTS------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 17
2-1-3-1. CABLING REQUIREMENTS FOR TP PORTS-------------------------------------------------------------------- 18
2-1-3-2. CABLING REQUIREMENTS FOR 1000SX/LX SFP MODULE----------------------------------------------- 18
2-1-3-3. SWITCH CASCADING IN TOPOLOGY --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 19
2-1-4. CONFIGURING THE MANAGEMENT AGENT OF 24 FAST ETHERNET + 2 GIGABIT L2 MANAGED
SWITCH ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 22
2-1-4-1. CONFIGURING THE MANAGEMENT AGENT THROUGH THE SERIAL RS-232 PORT ------------- 23
2-1-4-2. CONFIGURING THE MANAGEMENT AGENT THROUGH THE ETHERNET PORT ------------------ 25
2-1-5. IP ADDRESS ASSIGNMENT ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 26
2-2. TYPICAL APPLICATIONS------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 31
3. OPERATION OF WEB-BASED MANAGEMENT ------------------------------------------------------------------- 33
3-1. WEB MANAGEMENT HOME OVERVIEW --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 35
3-1-1. SYSTEM INFORMATION----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 38
3-1-2. IP CONFIGURATION----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 40
3-1-3. TIME CONFIGURATION------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 43
3-1-4. ACCOUNT CONFIGURATION----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 46
3-1-5. MANAGEMENT SECURITY ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 47
3-1-6. VIRTUAL STACK --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 50
3-2. PORT CONFIGURATION -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 52
3-2-1.PORT STATUS -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 52
3-2-2. PORT CONFIGURATION------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 57
3-2-3. PORT DESCRIPTION----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 59
3-2-5. SIMPLE COUNTER------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 60
3-2-4. DETAIL COUNTER------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 62
3-3. SNMP CONFIGURATION-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 65
3-4. LOOP DETECTION --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 67
3-5. DHCP BOOT ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 69
3-6. IGMP SNOOPING------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 70
3-7. VLAN--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 74
3-7-1. VLAN MODE -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 74
3-7-2. TAG-BASED GROUP----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 77
3-7-3. PVID ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 79
3-7-4. PORT-BASED GROUP --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 81
3-7-5. MANAGEMENT VLAN-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 83
3-8. MAC TABLE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 84
3-9. GVRP CONFIGURATION-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 91
3-10. STP CONFIGURATION --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 97
3-10-1. STP STATUS -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 97
3-10-2. STP CONFIGURATION------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 99
3-10-3. STP PORT CONFIGURATION ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------101
3-11. TRUNKING CONFIGURATION----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------104
3-12. 802.1X CONFIGURATION ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------111
3-13. ALARM CONFIGURATION --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------122
3-14. CONFIGURATION--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------125
3-14-1. SAVE/RESTORE --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------126
3-14-2. CONFIG FILE------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------127
2
3-15. SECURITY------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------128
3-16. BANDWIDTH MANAGEMENT ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------131
3-17. QOS(QUALITY OF SERVICE) CONFIGURATION ----------------------------------------------------------------135
3-18. DIAGNOSTICS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------145
3-19. TFTP SERVER--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------148
3-20. LOG --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------149
3-21. FIRMWARE UPGRADE -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------151
3-22. REBOOT --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------152
3-23. LOGOUT --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------153
4. OPERATION OF CLI MANAGEMENT--------------------------------------------------------------------------------154
4-1. CLI MANAGEMENT-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------154
4-1-1. LOGIN ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------154
4-2. COMMANDS OF CLI------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------156
4-2-1. GLOBAL COMMANDS OF CLI --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------157
4-2-2. LOCAL COMMANDS OF CLI-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------163
5. MAINTENANCE--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------249
5-1. RESOLVING NO LINK CONDITION ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------249
5-2. Q&A ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------249
APPENDIX A TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS -----------------------------------------------------------------------250
APPENDIX B NULL MODEM CABLE SPECIFICATIONS---------------------------------------------------------254
3
4
Caution
Circuit devices are sensitive to static electricity, which can damage their delicate
electronics. Dry weather conditions or walking across a carpeted floor may cause
you to acquire a static electrical charge.
To protect your device, always:
• Touch the metal chassis of your computer to ground the static electrical charge
before you pick up the circuit device.
• Pick up the device by holding it on the left and right edges only.
5
About this user’s manual
In this user’s manual, it will not only tell you how to install and connect your network
system but configure and monitor the 24 FAST ETHERNET + 2 GIGABIT L2
MANAGED SWITCH through the built-in CLI and web by RS-232 serial interface
and Ethernet ports step-by-step. Many explanations in detail of hardware and
software functions are shown as well as the examples of the operation for web-
based interface and command-line interface (CLI).
Overview of this user’s manual
Chapter 1 “Introduction” describes the features of 24 FAST ETHERNET + 2
GIGABIT L2 MANAGED SWITCH
Chapter 2 “Installation”
Chapter 3 “Operation of Web-based Management”
Chapter 4 “Operation of CLI Management”
Chapter 5 “Maintenance”
6
1. Introduction
1-1. Overview of 24 FAST ETHERNET + 2 GIGABIT L2 MANAGED
SWITCH
24 FAST ETHERNET + 2 GIGABIT L2 MANAGED SWITCH, 24 Fast Ethernet + 2
Gigabit L2 Managed Switch, implemented 24 10/100Mbps TP + 2 Gigabit dual
media ports with TP/SFP, is a standard switch that meets all IEEE 802.3/u/x/z
Gigabit, Fast Ethernet and Ethernet specifications. The switch can be managed
through RS-232 serial port via directly connection, or through Ethernet port using
Telnet or Web-based management unit, associated with SNMP agent. With the
SNMP agent, the network administrator can logon the switch to monitor, configure
and control each port’s activity in a friendly way. The overall network management is
enhanced and the network efficiency is also improved to accommodate high
bandwidth applications. In addition, the switch features comprehensive and useful
function such as QoS (Quality of Service), Spanning Tree, VLAN, Port Trunking,
Bandwidth Control, Port Security, SNMP/RMON and IGMP Snooping capability via
the intelligent software. It is suitable for both metro-LAN and office application.
10/100/1000Mbps TP is a standard Ethernet port that meets all IEEE 802.3/u/x/z
Gigabit, Fast Ethernet specifications. 1000Mbps SFP Fiber transceiver is a Gigabit
Ethernet port that fully complies with all IEEE 802.3z and 1000Base-SX/LX
standards.
For upgrading firmware, please refer to the Section 3-20 or Section 4-2-2 for more
details. The switch will not stop operating while upgrading firmware and after that,
the configuration keeps unchanged.
7
Key Features in the Device
QoS:
Support Quality of Service by the IEEE 802.1P standard. There are two
priority queue and packet transmission schedule using Weighted Round
Robin (WRR). User-defined weight classification of packet priority can be
based on either VLAN tag on packets or user-defined port priority.
Spanning Tree:
Support IEEE 802.1D, IEEE 802.1w (RSTP: Rapid Spanning Tree
Protocol) standards.
VLAN:
Support Port-based VLAN and IEEE802.1Q Tag VLAN. Support 256 active
VLANs and VLAN ID 1~4094.
Port Trunking:
Support static port trunking and port trunking with IEEE 802.3ad LACP.
Bandwidth Control:
Support ingress and egress per port bandwidth control.
Port Security:
Support allowed, denied forwarding and port security with MAC address.
SNMP/RMON:
SNMP agent and RMON MIB. In the device, SNMP agent is a client
software which is operating over SNMP protocol used to receive the
command from SNMP manager (server site) and echo the corresponded
data, i.e. MIB object. Besides, SNMP agent will actively issue TRAP
information when happened.
RMON is the abbreviation of Remote Network Monitoring and is a branch of
the SNMP MIB.
The device supports MIB-2 (RFC 1213), Bridge MIB (RFC 1493), RMON
MIB (RFC 1757)-statistics Group 1,2,3,9, Ethernet-like MIB (RFC 1643) and
so on.
IGMP Snooping:
Support IGMP version 2 (RFC 2236): The function IGMP snooping is used
to establish the multicast groups to forward the multicast packet to the
member ports, and, in nature, avoid wasting the bandwidth while IP
multicast packets are running over the network.
8
1-2. Checklist
Before you start installing the switch, verify that the package contains the following:
24 FAST ETHERNET + 2 GIGABIT L2 MANAGED SWITCH 24 Fast Ethernet +
2 Gigabit L2 Managed Switch
Fiber Modules (optional)
Mounting Accessory (for 19” Rack Shelf)
This User's Manual in CD-ROM
AC Power Cord
RS-232 Cable
Please notify your sales representative immediately if any of the aforementioned
items is missing or damaged.
1-3. Features
The 24 FAST ETHERNET + 2 GIGABIT L2 MANAGED SWITCH, a standalone off-
the-shelf switch, provides the comprehensive features listed below for users to
perform system network administration and efficiently and securely serve your
network.
Hardware
Supports 24-port 10/100M TP ports with Nway and auto MDIX function
Supports 2 Gigabit dual media ports(TP/SFP) and 2 slots for removable SFP
module supporting 1000M SFP fiber module
Supports hot-plug fiber transceiver modules
Supports 256KB packet buffer and 128KB control memory
• Maximal packet length can be up to 1536 bytes
Full-duplex flow control (IEEE802.3x) and half-duplex backpressure
Extensive front-panel diagnostic LEDs; System: Power, CPURUN, ACT / FDX /
SPD(LEDSET), 10/100Mbps TP Port1-24:LINK/ACT, FDX, SPD,
10/100/1000Mbps/Fiber port 25, 26: LINK/ACT, FDX, SPD
Management
Supports concisely the status of port and easily port configuration
Supports per port traffic monitoring counters
Supports a snapshot of the system Information when you login
Supports port mirror function
Supports the static trunk function
9
Supports 802.1Q VLAN with 256 entries.
Supports user management and limits three users to login
Supports DHCP Broadcasting Suppression to avoid network suspended or
crashed
Supports to send the trap event while monitored events happened
Supports default configuration which can be restored to overwrite the current
configuration which is working on via web browser and CLI
Supports on-line plug/unplug SFP modules
Supports 5 kinds of QoS, are as follows, MAC Priority, 802.1p Priority, IP TOS
Priority, and DiffServ DSCP Priority.
Built-in web-based management and CLI management, providing a more
convenient UI for the user
Supports port mirror function with ingress/egress traffic
Supports rapid spanning tree (802.1w RSTP)
Supports 802.1x port security on a VLAN
Supports user management and only first login administrator can configure the
device. The rest of users can only view the switch
SNMP access can be disabled and prevent from illegal SNMP access
Supports Ingress, Non-unicast and EgressBandwidth rating management
The trap event and alarm message can be transferred via e-mail and mobile
phone short message
Supports diagnostics to let administrator knowing the hardware status
Supports external loopback test to check if the link is ok
TFTP for firmware upgrade, system log upload and config file import/export
Supports remote boot the device through user interface and SNMP
Supports network time synchronization and daylight saving
Supports 120 event log records in the main memory and display on the local
console
10
1-4. View of 24 FAST ETHERNET + 2 GIGABIT L2 MANAGED
SWITCH
1-4-1. User Interfaces on the Front Panel (Button, LEDs and Plugs)
There are 24 TP Fast Ethernet ports and 2 slots for optional removable modules on
the front panel of the switch. LED display area, locating on the front panel, contains
a CPURUN, Power LED and 26 ports working status of the switch.
Fig. 1-1 Full View of 24 FAST ETHERNET + 2 GIGABIT L2 MANAGED SWITCH with SFP
Module
Fig. 1-2 Front View of the Unit with SFP Module
Power Indication LED
Fast Ethernet Port
LED SET Mode: ACT/FDX/SPD
Gi
g
abit Dual Media Port: SFP/TP
TP Port Status: ACT/FDX/SPD
TP Port Status: Link
LEDSET Button
LEDSET button is
used to change
the LED display
mode
RESET Button:
RESET button is used to
reset the management
system.
11
LED Indicators
LED Color Function
System LED
CPURUN Green Lit when CPU is on and good
POWER Green Lit when AC power is on and good
ACT Green Lit when LEDSET set on active mode
FDX Green Lit when LEDSET set on full-duplex mode
SPD Green Lit when LEDSET set on speed mode
10/100Mbps Ethernet TP Port 1 to 24 LED
LNK Green
Lit when connection with remote device is good
Off when cable connection is not good
ACT/FDX/ SPD
Amber
(TP Port 1
to 24 LED)
a. LEDSET set on ACT (active) mode:
Blinks when any traffic is present
b. LEDSET set on FDX (full-duplex) mode:
Lit when full-duplex mode is active
Blinks when any collision is present
c. LEDSET set on SPD (speed) mode:
Lit when 100Mbps speed is active
Off when 10Mbps speed is active
10/100/1000Mbps Gigabit TP/Fiber Port 25, 26 LED
LNK Green
Lit when connection with remote device is good
Off when cable connection is not good
FB Green
Lit when Fiber port is active
Off when TP port is active
ACT/FDX/ SPD
Green
(Port 25,
26 LED)
a. LEDSET set on ACT (active) mode:
Blinks when any traffic is present
b. LEDSET set on FDX (full-duplex) mode:
Lit when full-duplex mode is active
Blinks when any collision is present
c. LEDSET set on SPD (speed) mode:
Lit when 1000Mbps speed is active
Off when 10/100Mbps speed is active
Table1-1
12
1-4-2. User Interfaces on the Rear Panel
One RS-232 DB-9 interface is offered for configuration or management. And there is
one AC power input socket for having the switch powered on or off.
Fig. 1-3 Rear View of 24 FAST ETHERNET + 2 GIGABIT L2 MANAGED SWITCH
RS-232 DB-9 Connector
A
C Line 100-240V 50/60 Hz
13
1-5. View of the Optional Modules
In the switch, Port 25, 26 includes two types of media --- TP and SFP Fiber (LC,
BiDi LC…); this port supports 10/100/1000Mbps TP or 1000Mbps SFP Fiber with
auto-detected function. 1000Mbps SFP Fiber transceiver is used for high-speed
connection expansion. Refer to “KS-2601 Model List” file for detailed specification.
In the list, the SFP fiber transceivers include 1000BASE-SX standard LC for MMF,
1000BASE-LX LC for different SMF, and Bi-Di LC for single SMF.
Fig. 1-4 Front View of 1000Base-SX/LX LC, SFP Fiber Transceiver
Fig. 1-5 Front View of 1000Base-LX BiDi LC, SFP Fiber Transceiver
14
15
2. Installation
2-1. Starting 24 FAST ETHERNET + 2 GIGABIT L2 MANAGED
SWITCH Up
This section will give users a quick start for:
- Hardware and Cable Installation
- Management Station Installation
- Software booting and configuration
2-1-1. Hardware and Cable Installation
At the beginning, please do first:
⇒ Wear a grounding device to avoid the damage from electrostatic discharge
Installing Optional SFP Fiber Transceivers to the L2 Managed Switch
Note: If you have no modules, please skip this section.
Connecting the SFP Module to the Chassis:
The optional SFP modules are hot swappable, so you can plug or unplug it
before or after powering on.
1. Verify that the SFP module is the right model and conforms to the
chassis
2. Slide the module along the slot. Also be sure that the module is properly
seated against the slot socket/connector
3. Install the media cable for network connection
4. Repeat the above steps, as needed, for each module to be installed into
slot(s)
5. Have the power ON after the above procedures are done
Fi
g
. 2-1 Installation of O
p
tional SFP Fiber Transceive
r
16
TP Port and Cable Installation
⇒ In the switch, TP port supports MDI/MDI-X auto-crossover, so both types of
cable, straight-through (Cable pin-outs for RJ-45 jack 1, 2, 3, 6 to 1, 2, 3, 6 in
10/100M TP; 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 to 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 in Gigabit TP) and
crossed-over (Cable pin-outs for RJ-45 jack 1, 2, 3, 6 to 3, 6, 1, 2) can be used.
It means you do not have to tell from them, just plug it.
⇒ Use Cat. 5 grade RJ-45 TP cable to connect to a TP port of the switch and the
other end is connected to a network-aware device such as a workstation or a
server.
⇒ Repeat the above steps, as needed, for each RJ-45 port to be connected to a
Gigabit 10/100/1000 TP device.
Now, you can start having the switch in operation.
Power On
The switch supports 100-240 VAC, 50-60 Hz power supply. The power supply will
automatically convert the local AC power source to DC power. It does not matter
whether any connection plugged into the switch or not when power on, even
modules as well. After the power is on, all LED indicators will light up immediately
and then all off except the power LED still keeps on. This represents a reset of the
system.
Firmware Loading
After resetting, the bootstrap loader will load the firmware into the memory. It will
take about 30 seconds, after that, the switch will flash all the LED once and
automatically performs self-test and is in ready state.
17
2-1-2. Installing Chassis to a 19-Inch Wiring Closet Rail
Caution: Allow a proper spacing and proper air ventilation for the cooling fan
at both sides of the chassis.
⇒ Wear a grounding device for electrostatic discharge.
⇒ Screw the mounting accessory to the front side of the switch (See Fig. 2-2).
⇒ Place the Chassis into the 19-inch wiring closet rail and locate it at the proper
position. Then, fix the Chassis by screwing it.
2-1-3. Cabling Requirements
To help ensure a successful installation and keep the network performance good,
please take a care on the cabling requirement. Cables with worse specification will
render the LAN to work poorly.
Fig. 2-2
18
2-1-3-1. Cabling Requirements for TP Ports
⇒ For Fast Ethernet TP network connection
The grade of the cable must be Cat. 5 or Cat. 5e with a maximum length of
100 meters.
⇒ Gigabit Ethernet TP network connection
The grade of the cable must be Cat. 5 or Cat. 5e with a maximum length of
100 meters. Cat. 5e is recommended.
2-1-3-2. Cabling Requirements for 1000SX/LX SFP Module
It is more complex and comprehensive contrast to TP cabling in the fiber media.
Basically, there are two categories of fiber, multi mode (MM) and single mode (SM).
The later is categorized into several classes by the distance it supports. They are
SX, LX, LHX, XD, and ZX. From the viewpoint of connector type, there mainly are
LC and BiDi LC.
Gigabit Fiber with multi-mode LC SFP module
Gigabit Fiber with single-mode LC SFP module
Gigabit Fiber with BiDi LC 1310nm SFP module
Gigabit Fiber with BiDi LC 1550nm SFP module
The following table lists the types of fiber that we support and those else not listed
here are available upon request.
Multi-mode Fiber Cable and Modal Bandwidth
Multi-mode 62.5/125µm Multi-mode 50/125µm
Modal
Bandwidth Distance Modal
Bandwidth Distance
160MHz-Km 220m 400MHz-Km 500m
IEEE 802.3z
Gigabit Ethernet
1000SX 850nm
200MHz-Km 275m 500MHz-Km 550m
Single-mode Fiber 9/125µm
Single-mode transceiver 1310nm 10Km
1000Base-
LX/LHX/XD/ZX
Single-mode transceiver 1550nm 30, 50, 70, 110Km
TX(Transmit) 1310nm
Single-Mode
*20Km RX(Receive) 1550nm
TX(Transmit) 1550nm
1000Base-LX
Single Fiber
WDM Module Single-Mode
*20Km RX(Receive) 1310nm
Table2-1
19
2-1-3-3. Switch Cascading in Topology
Takes the Delay Time into Account
Theoretically, the switch partitions the collision domain for each port in switch
cascading that you may up-link the switches unlimitedly. In practice, the network
extension (cascading levels & overall diameter) must follow the constraint of the
IEEE 802.3/802.3u/802.3z and other 802.1 series protocol specifications, in which
the limitations are the timing requirement from physical signals defined by 802.3
series specification of Media Access Control (MAC) and PHY, and timer from some
OSI layer 2 protocols such as 802.1d, 802.1q, LACP and so on.
The fiber, TP cables and devices’ bit-time delay (round trip) are as follows:
1000Base-X TP, Fiber 100Base-TX TP 100Base-FX Fiber
Round trip Delay: 4096 Round trip Delay: 512
Cat. 5 TP Wire: 11.12/m Cat. 5 TP Wire: 1.12/m Fiber Cable: 1.0/m
Fiber Cable : 10.10/m TP to fiber Converter: 56
Bit Time unit : 1ns (1sec./1000 Mega bit) Bit Time unit: 0.01µs (1sec./100 Mega bit)
Table 2-2
Sum up all elements’ bit-time delay and the overall bit-time delay of wires/devices
must be within Round Trip Delay (bit times) in a half-duplex network segment
(collision domain). For full-duplex operation, this will not be applied. You may use
the TP-Fiber module to extend the TP node distance over fiber optic and provide the
long haul connection.
Typical Network Topology in Deployment
A hierarchical network with minimum levels of switch may reduce the timing delay
between server and client station. Basically, with this approach, it will minimize the
number of switches in any one path; will lower the possibility of network loop and
will improve network efficiency. If more than two switches are connected in the
same network, select one switch as Level 1 switch and connect all other switches to
it at Level 2. Server/Host is recommended to connect to the Level 1 switch. This is
general if no VLAN or other special requirements are applied.
20
Case1: All switch ports are in the same local area network. Every port can access
each other (See Fig. 2-3).
If VLAN is enabled and configured, each node in the network that can communicate
each other directly is bounded in the same VLAN area.
Here VLAN area is defined by what VLAN you are using. The switch supports both
port-based VLAN and tag-based VLAN. They are different in practical deployment,
especially in physical location. The following diagram shows how it works and what
the difference they are.
Case2a: Port-based VLAN (See Fig.2-4).
1. The same VLAN members could not be in different switches.
2. Every VLAN members could not access VLAN members each other.
3. The switch manager has to assign different names for each VLAN groups
at one switch.
Fi
g
. 2-3 No VLAN Confi
g
uration Dia
g
ram
Fig. 2-4 Port-based VLAN Diagram
21
Case 2b: Port-based VLAN (See Fig.2-5).
1. VLAN1 members could not access VLAN2, VLAN3 and VLAN4 members.
2. VLAN2 members could not access VLAN1 and VLAN3 members, but they could
access VLAN4 members.
3. VLAN3 members could not access VLAN1, VLAN2 and VLAN4.
4. VLAN4 members could not access VLAN1 and VLAN3 members, but they could
access VLAN2 members.
Case3a: The same VLAN members can be at different switches with the same VID
(See Fig. 2-6).
Fig. 2-5 Port-based VLAN Diagram
Fig. 2-6 Attribute-based VLAN Diagram
22
2-1-4. Configuring the Management Agent of 24 FAST ETHERNET + 2
GIGABIT L2 MANAGED SWITCH
We offer you three ways to startup the switch management function. They are RS-
232 console, CLI, and Web. Users can use any one of them to monitor and
configure the switch. You can touch them through the following procedures.
Section 2-1-4-1: Configuring the Management Agent of 24 FAST ETHERNET + 2
GIGABIT L2 MANAGED SWITCH through the Serial RS-232 Port
Section 2-1-4-2: Configuring the Management Agent of 24 FAST ETHERNET + 2
GIGABIT L2 MANAGED SWITCH through the Ethernet Port
Note: Please first modify the IP address, Subnet mask, Default gateway and DNS
through RS-232 console, and then do the next.
23
2-1-4-1. Configuring the Management Agent through the Serial RS-232 Port
To perform the configuration through RS-232 console port, the switch’s serial port
must be directly connected to a DCE device, for example, a PC, through RS-232
cable with DB-9 connector. Next, run a terminal emulator with the default setting of
the switch’s serial port. With this, you can communicate with the switch.
In the switch, RS-232 interface only supports baud rate 57.6k bps with 8 data bits, 1
stop bit, no parity check and no flow control.
To configure the switch, please follow the procedures below:
1. Find the RS-232 DB-9 cable with female DB-9 connector bundled.
Normally, it just uses pins 2, 3 and 7. See also Appendix B for more
details on Null Modem Cable Specifications.
2. Attaches the DB-9 female cable connector to the male serial RS-232
DB-9 connector on the switch.
3. Attaches the other end of the serial RS-232 DB-9 cable to PC’s serial
port, running a terminal emulator supporting VT100/ANSI terminal with
The switch’s serial port default settings. For example,
Windows98/2000/XP HyperTerminal utility.
Note: The switch’s serial port default settings are listed as follows:
Baud rate 57600
Stop bits 1
Data bits 8
Parity N
Flow control none
4. When you complete the connection, then press <Enter> key. The login
prompt will be shown on the screen. The default username and
password are shown as below:
Username = admin Password = admin
Default IP Setting:
IP address = 192.168.1.1
Subnet Mask = 255.255.255.0
Default Gateway
=
192.168.1.254
Terminal or Terminal Emulato
r
Fig. 2-7
RS-232 cable with female
DB-9 connector at both ends
A
C Line 100-240V 50/60 Hz
RS-232 DB-9 Connector
24
Set IP Address, Subnet Mask and Default Gateway IP Address
Please refer to Fig. 2-7 CLI Management for details about factory setting. They are
default setting of IP address. You can first either configure your PC IP address or
change IP address of the switch, next to change the IP address of default gateway
and subnet mask.
For example, your network address is 10.1.1.0, and subnet mask is 255.255.255.0.
You can change the switch’s default IP address 192.168.1.1 to 10.1.1.1 and set the
subnet mask to be 255.255.255.0. Then, choose your default gateway, may be it is
10.1.1.254.
Default Value 24 FAST Your Network Setting
IP Address
192.168.1.1
10.1.1.1
Subnet 255.255.255.0 255.255.255.0
Default Gateway 192.168.1.254 10.1.1.254
Table 2-3
After completing these settings in the switch, it will reboot to have the configuration
taken effect. After this step, you can operate the management through the network,
no matter it is from a web browser or Network Management System (NMS).
Managed Switch – 2262 FE Switch
Login: admin
Password:
2262 FE Switch
Fig. 2-8 the Login Screen for CLI
25
2-1-4-2. Configuring the Management Agent through the Ethernet Port
There are three ways to configure and monitor the switch through the switch’s
Ethernet port. They are CLI, Web browser and SNMP manager. The user interface
for the last one is NMS dependent and does not cover here. We just introduce the
first two types of management interface.
Managing L2 MANAGED SWITCH through Ethernet Port
Before you communicate with the switch, you have to finish first the
configuration of the IP address or to know the IP address of the switch. Then, follow
the procedures listed below.
1. Set up a physical path between the configured the switch and a PC by a
qualified UTP Cat. 5 cable with RJ-45 connector.
Note: If PC directly connects to the switch, you have to setup the same
subnet mask between them. But, subnet mask may be different for the PC
in the remote site. Please refer to Fig. 2-9 about the switch’s default IP
address information.
2. Run CLI or web browser and follow the menu. Please refer to Chapter 3
and Chapter 4.
Default IP Setting:
IP = 192.168.1.1
Subnet Mask = 255.255.255.0
Default Gateway = 192.168.1.254
Assign a reasonable IP address,
For example:
IP = 192.168.1.100
Subnet Mask = 255.255.255.0
Default Gateway = 192.168.1.254
Fi
g
. 2-9
Ethernet LAN
26
Fig. 2-10 the Login Screen for Web
2-1-5. IP Address Assignment
For IP address configuration, there are three parameters needed to be filled in.
They are IP address, Subnet Mask, Default Gateway and DNS.
IP address:
The address of the network device in the network is used for internetworking
communication. Its address structure looks is shown in the Fig. 2-11. It is “classful”
because it is split into predefined address classes or categories.
Each class has its own network range between the network identifier and host
identifier in the 32 bits address. Each IP address comprises two parts: network
identifier (address) and host identifier (address). The former indicates the network
where the addressed host resides, and the latter indicates the individual host in the
network which the address of host refers to. And the host identifier must be unique
in the same LAN. Here the term of IP address we used is version 4, known as IPv4.
Network identifier Host identifier
Fig. 2-11 IP address structure
3
2
27
With the class addressing, it divides IP address into three classes, class A, class B
and class C. The rest of IP addresses are for multicast and broadcast. The bit
length of the network prefix is the same as that of the subnet mask and is denoted
as IP address/X, for example, 192.168.1.0/24. Each class has its address range
described below.
Class A:
Address is less than 126.255.255.255. There are a total of 126 networks can be
defined because the address 0.0.0.0 is reserved for default route and 127.0.0.0/8 is
reserved for loopback function.
0
Class B:
IP address range between 128.0.0.0 and 191.255.255.255. Each class B network
has a 16-bit network prefix followed 16-bit host address. There are 16,384 (2^14)/16
networks able to be defined with a maximum of 65534 (2^16 –2) hosts per network.
10
Class C:
IP address range between 192.0.0.0 and 223.255.255.255. Each class C network
has a 24-bit network prefix followed 8-bit host address. There are 2,097,152
(2^21)/24 networks able to be defined with a maximum of 254 (2^8 –2) hosts per
network.
110
Bit # 0 1 7 8
Netwo
rk
add
r
ess
H
ost
Bi
t
#
0
1 2 1
5
1
6
Netwo
rk
add
r
ess
H
ost
Bi
t
#
0
1 2
3
2
3
24
Netwo
rk
add
r
ess
28
Class D and E:
Class D is a class with first 4 MSB (Most significance bit) set to 1-1-1-0 and is used
for IP Multicast. See also RFC 1112. Class E is a class with first 4 MSB set to 1-1-1-
1 and is used for IP broadcast.
According to IANA (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority), there are three specific
IP address blocks reserved and able to be used for extending internal network. We
call it Private IP address and list below:
Class A 10.0.0.0 --- 10.255.255.255
Class B 172.16.0.0 --- 172.31.255.255
Class C 192.168.0.0 --- 192.168.255.255
Please refer to RFC 1597 and RFC 1466 for more information.
Subnet mask:
It means the sub-division of a class-based network or a CIDR block. The subnet is
used to determine how to split an IP address to the network prefix and the host
address in bitwise basis. It is designed to utilize IP address more efficiently and
ease to manage IP network.
For a class B network, 128.1.2.3, it may have a subnet mask 255.255.0.0 in default,
in which the first two bytes is with all 1s. This means more than 60 thousands of
nodes in flat IP address will be at the same network. It’s too large to manage
practically. Now if we divide it into smaller network by extending network prefix from
16 bits to, say 24 bits, that’s using its third byte to subnet this class B network. Now
it has a subnet mask 255.255.255.0, in which each bit of the first three bytes is 1.
It’s now clear that the first two bytes is used to identify the class B network, the third
byte is used to identify the subnet within this class B network and, of course, the last
byte is the host number.
Not all IP address is available in the sub-netted network. Two special addresses are
reserved. They are the addresses with all zero’s and all one’s host number. For
example, an IP address 128.1.2.128, what IP address reserved will be looked like?
All 0s mean the network itself, and all 1s mean IP broadcast.
10000000.00000001.00000010.1 0000000
128.1.2.128/25
25
b
its
1 0000000
1 1111111
All 0s = 128.1.2.128
All 1s= 128.1.2.255
Subne
t
N
etwor
k
29
In this diagram, you can see the subnet mask with 25-bit long, 255.255.255.128,
contains 126 members in the sub-netted network. Another is that the length of
network prefix equals the number of the bit with 1s in that subnet mask. With this,
you can easily count the number of IP addresses matched. The following table
shows the result.
Prefix Length No. of IP matched No. of Addressable IP
/32 1 -
/31 2 -
/30 4 2
/29 8 6
/28 16 14
/27 32 30
/26 64 62
/25 128 126
/24 256 254
/23 512 510
/22 1024 1022
/21 2048 2046
/20 4096 4094
/19 8192 8190
/18 16384 16382
/17 32768 32766
/16 65536 65534
Table 2-4
According to the scheme above, a subnet mask 255.255.255.0 will partition a
network with the class C. It means there will have a maximum of 254 effective
nodes existed in this sub-netted network and is considered a physical network in an
autonomous network. So it owns a network IP address which may looks like
168.1.2.0.
With the subnet mask, a bigger network can be cut into small pieces of network. If
we want to have more than two independent networks in a network, a partition to
the network must be performed. In this case, subnet mask must be applied.
30
For different network applications, the subnet mask may look like 255.255.255.240.
This means it is a small network accommodating a maximum of 15 nodes in the
network.
Default gateway:
For the routed packet, if the destination is not in the routing table, all the traffic is put
into the device with the designated IP address, known as default router. Basically, it
is a routing policy. The gateway setting is used for Trap Events Host only in the
switch.
For assigning an IP address to the switch, you just have to check what the IP
address of the network will be connected with the switch. Use the same network
address and append your host address to it.
Fig. 2-12
First, IP Address: as shown in the Fig. 2-12, enter “192.168.1.1”, for instance. For
sure, an IP address such as 192.168.1.x must be set on your PC.
Second, Subnet Mask: as shown in the Fig. 2-12, enter “255.255.255.0”. Any
subnet mask such as 255.255.255.x is allowable in this case.
DNS:
The Domain Name Server translates human readable machine name to IP address.
Every machine on the Internet has a unique IP address. A server generally has a
static IP address. To connect to a server, the client needs to know the IP of the
server. However, user generally uses the name to connect to the server. Thus, the
switch DNS client program (such as a browser) will ask the DNS to resolve the IP
address of the named server.
31
2-2. Typical Applications
The 24 FAST ETHERNET + 2 GIGABIT L2 MANAGED SWITCH implements 24
Fast Ethernet TP ports with auto MDIX and 2 Gigabit dual media ports with SFP for
removable module supported comprehensive fiber types of connection, including LC,
BiDi LC for SFP. For more details on the specification of the switch, please refer to
Appendix A.
The switch is suitable for the following applications.
Central Site/Remote site application is used in carrier or ISP (See Fig. 2-13)
Peer-to-peer application is used in two remote offices (See Fig. 2-14)
Office network(See Fig. 2-15)
Fig. 2-13 is a system wide basic reference connection diagram. This diagram
demonstrates how the switch connects with other network devices and hosts.
Fig. 2-13 Network Connection between Remote Site and Central Site
Central
32
Fig. 2-15 Office Network Connection
Fig. 2-14 Peer-to-peer Network Connection
33
3. Operation of
Web-based Management
This chapter instructs you how to configure and manage the 24 FAST ETHERNET +
2 GIGABIT L2 MANAGED SWITCH through the web user interface it supports, to
access and manage the 24 10/100Mbps TP + 2 Gigabit dual media ports with
TP/SFP Fiber management Ethernet switch. With this facility, you can easily
access and monitor through any one port of the switch all the status of the switch,
including MIBs status, each port activity, Spanning tree status, port aggregation
status, multicast traffic, VLAN and priority status, even illegal access record and so
on.
The default values of the managed switch are listed in the table below:
IP Address 192.168.1.1
Subnet Mask 255.255.255.0
Default Gateway 192.168.1.254
Username admin
Password admin
Table 3-1
After the managed switch has been finished configuration in the CLI via the switch’s
serial interface, you can browse it. For instance, type http://192.168.1.1 in the
address row in a browser, it will show the following screen (see Fig.3-1) and ask you
inputting username and password in order to login and access authentication. The
default username and password are both “admin”. For the first time to use, please
enter the default username and password, and then click the <Login> button. The
login process now is completed.
Just click the link of “Forget Password” in WebUI (See Fig. 3-1) or input “Ctrl+Z” in
CLI’s login screen (See Fig. 4-1~4-2) in case the user forgets the manager’s
password. Then, the system will display a serial No. for the user. Write down this
serial No. and contact your vendor, the vendor will give you a temporary password.
Use this new password as ID and Password, and it will allow the user to login the
system with manager authority temporarily. Due to the limit of this new password,
the user only can login the system one time, therefore, please modify your
password immediately after you login in the system successfully.
In this login menu, you have to input the complete username and password
respectively, the switch will not give you a shortcut to username automatically. This
looks inconvenient, but safer.
34
In the switch, it supports a simple user management function allowing only one
administrator to configure the system at the same time. If there are two or more
users using administrator’s identity, the switch will allow the only one who logins first
to configure the system. The rest of users, even with administrator’s identity, can
only monitor the system. For those who have no administrator’s identity, can only
monitor the system. There are only a maximum of three users able to login
simultaneously in the switch.
To optimize the display effect, we recommend you use Microsoft IE 6.0 above,
Netscape V7.1 above or FireFox V1.00 above and have the resolution 1024x768.
The switch supported neutral web browser interface.
In Fig. 3-2, for example, left section is the whole function tree with web user
interface and we will travel it through this chapter.
Fig. 3-1
35
3-1. Web Management Home Overview
After you login, the switch shows you the system information as Fig. 3-2. This page
is default and tells you the basic information of the system, including “Model Name”,
“System Description”, “Location”, “Contact”, “Device Name”, “System Up Time”,
“Current Time”, “BIOS Version”, “Firmware Version”, “Hardware-Mechanical
Version”, “Serial Number”, “Host IP Address”, “Host MAC Address”, “Device Port”,
“RAM Size” and “Flash Size”. With this information, you will know the software
version used, MAC address, serial number, how many ports good and so on. This is
helpful while malfunctioning.
Fig. 3-2
The Information of Page Layout
On the top side, it shows the front panel of the switch. In the front panel, the
linked ports will display green; as to the ports, which are link off, they will be
dark. For the optional modules, the slot will show only a cover plate if no
module exists and will show a module if a module is present. The image of
module depends on the one you inserted. The same, if disconnected, the port
will show just dark, if linked, green.
In this device, there are clicking functions on the panel provided for the
information of the ports. These are very convenient functions for browsing the
information of a single port. When clicking the port on the front panel, an
information window for the port will be pop out. (See Fig. 3-3)
36
Fig. 3-3 port detail information
In Fig. 3-3, it shows the basic information of the clicked port. With this, you’ll see the
information about the port status, traffic status and bandwidth rating for egress and
ingress respectively.
On the left-top corner, there is a pull-down list for Auto Logout. For the sake of
security, we provide auto-logout function to protect you from illegal user as you
are leaving. If you do not choose any selection in Auto Logout list, it means
you turn on the Auto Logout function and the system will be logged out
automatically when no action on the device 3 minutes later. If OFF is chosen,
the screen will keep as it is. Default is ON.
On the left side, the main menu tree for web is listed in the page. They are
hierarchical menu. Open the function folder, a sub-menu will be shown. The
functions of each folder are described in its corresponded section respectively.
When clicking it, the function is performed. The following list is the full function
tree for web user interface.
37
Port
DHCP Boot
VLAN
Syste
m
SNMP
IGMP Snooping
MAC Table
GVRP
Roo
t
STP
Trun
k
802.1x
Alar
m
Configuratio
n
Securit
y
Bandwidth
QoS
Diagnostics
TFTP Serve
r
Log
Firmware Upgrade
Reboo
t
Logou
t
38
3-1-1. System Information
Function name:
System Information
Function description:
Show the basic system information.
Parameter description:
Model name:
The model name of this device.
System description:
As it is, this tells what this device is. Here, it is “24 Fast Ethernet + 2
Gigabit L2 Managed Switch”.
Location:
Basically, it is the location where this switch is put. User-defined.
Contact:
For easily managing and maintaining device, you may write down the
contact person and phone here for getting help soon. You can configure
this parameter through the device’s user interface or SNMP.
Device name:
The name of the switch. User-defined.
System up time:
The time accumulated since this switch is powered up. Its format is day,
hour, minute, second.
Current time:
Show the system time of the switch. Its format: day of week, month, day,
hours: minutes: seconds, year. For instance, Tue Apr 20 23:25:58 2004
BIOS version:
The version of the BIOS in this switch.
Firmware version:
The firmware version in this switch.
Hardware-Mechanical version:
The version of Hardware and Mechanical. The figure before the hyphen
is the version of electronic hardware; the one after the hyphen is the
version of mechanical.
Serial number:
The serial number is assigned by the manufacturer.
39
Host IP address:
The IP address of the switch.
Host MAC address:
It is the Ethernet MAC address of the management agent in this switch.
Device Port:
Show all types and numbers of the port in the switch.
RAM size:
The size of the DRAM in this switch.
Flash size:
The size of the flash memory in this switch.
40
3-1-2. IP Configuration
IP configuration is one of the most important configurations in the switch. Without
the proper setting, network manager will not be able to manage or view the device.
The switch supports both manual IP address setting and automatic IP address
setting via DHCP server. When IP address is changed, you must reboot the switch
to have the setting taken effect and use the new IP to browse for web management
and CLI management.
Fig. 3-4 IP Address Configuration
Function name:
IP Configuration
Function description:
Set IP address, subnet mask, default gateway and DNS for the switch.
Parameter description:
DHCP Setting:
DHCP is the abbreviation of Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol. Here
DHCP means a switch to turn ON or OFF the function.
The switch supports DHCP client used to get an IP address automatically
if you set this function “Enable”. When enabled, the switch will issue the
request to the DHCP server resided in the network to get an IP address.
If DHCP server is down or does not exist, the switch will issue the
request and show IP address is under requesting, until the DHCP server
is up. Before getting an IP address from DHCP server, the device will not
continue booting procedures. If set this field “Disable”, you’ll have to
input IP address manually. For more details about IP address and DHCP,
please see the Section 2-1-5 “IP Address Assignment” in this manual.
Default: Disable
41
IP address:
Users can configure the IP settings and fill in new values if users set the
DHCP function “Disable”. Then, click <Apply> button to update.
When DHCP is disabled, Default: 192.168.1.1
If DHCP is enabled, this field is filled by DHCP server and will not allow
user manually set it any more.
Subnet mask:
Subnet mask is made for the purpose to get more network address
because any IP device in a network must own its IP address, composed
of Network address and Host address, otherwise can’t communicate with
other devices each other. But unfortunately, the network classes A, B,
and C are all too large to fit for almost all networks, hence, subnet mask
is introduced to solve this problem. Subnet mask uses some bits from
host address and makes an IP address looked Network address, Subnet
mask number and host address. It is shown in the following figure. This
reduces the total IP number of a network able to support, by the amount
of 2 power of the bit number of subnet number (2^ (bit number of subnet
number)).
Subnet mask is used to set the subnet mask value, which should be the
same value as that of the other devices resided in the same network it
attaches.
For more information, please also see the Section 2-1-5 “IP Address
Assignment” in this manual.
Default: 255.255.255.0
Default gateway:
Set an IP address for a gateway to handle those packets that do not
meet the routing rules predefined in the device. If a packet does not meet
the criteria for other pre-defined path, it must be forwarded to a default
router on a default path. This means any packet with undefined IP
address in the routing table will be sent to this device unconditionally.
Default: 192.168.1.254
32 bits
Network ID Host ID
Network ID Host ID
Subnet number
42
DNS:
It is Domain Name Server used to serve the translation between IP
address and name address.
The switch supports DNS client function to re-route the mnemonic name
address to DNS server to get its associated IP address for accessing
Internet. User can specify a DNS IP address for the switch. With this, the
switch can translate a mnemonic name address into an IP address.
There are two ways to specify the IP address of DNS. One is fixed mode,
which manually specifies its IP address, the other is dynamic mode,
which is assigned by DHCP server while DHCP is enabled. DNS can
help you easily remember the mnemonic address name with the
meaningful words in it. Default is no assignment of DNS address.
Default: 0.0.0.0
43
3-1-3. Time Configuration
The switch provides manual and automatic ways to set the system time via NTP.
Manual setting is simple and you just input “Year”, “Month”, “Day”, “Hour”, “Minute”
and “Second” within the valid value range indicated in each item. If you input an
invalid value, for example, 61 in minute, the switch will clamp the figure to 59.
NTP is a well-known protocol used to synchronize the clock of the switch system
time over a network. NTP, an internet draft standard formalized in RFC 1305, has
been adopted on the system is version 3 protocol. The switch provides four built-in
NTP server IP addresses resided in the Internet and a user-defined NTP server IP
address. The time zone is Greenwich-centered which uses the expression form of
GMT+/- xx hours.
Function name:
Time
Function description:
Set the system time by manual input or set it by syncing from Time servers.
The function also supports daylight saving for different area’s time adjustment.
Parameter description:
Current Time:
Show the current time of the system.
Manual:
This is the function to adjust the time manually. Filling the valid figures in
the fields of Year, Month, Day, Hour, Minute and Second respectively and
press <Apply> button, time is adjusted. The valid figures for the
parameter Year, Month, Day, Hour, Minute and Second are >=2000, 1-12,
1-31, 0-23, 0-59 and 0-59 respectively. Input the wrong figure and press
<Apply> button, the device will reject the time adjustment request. There
is no time zone setting in Manual mode.
Default: Year = 2000, Month = 1, Day = 1
Hour = 0, Minute = 0, Second = 0
44
NTP:
NTP is Network Time Protocol and is used to sync the network time
based Greenwich Mean Time (GMT). If use the NTP mode and select a
built-in NTP time server or manually specify an user-defined NTP server
as well as Time Zone, the switch will sync the time in a short after
pressing <Apply> button. Though it synchronizes the time automatically,
NTP does not update the time periodically without user’s processing.
Time Zone is an offset time off GMT. You have to select the time zone
first and then perform time sync via NTP because the switch will combine
this time zone offset and updated NTP time to come out the local time,
otherwise, you will not able to get the correct time. The switch supports
configurable time zone from –12 to +13 step 1 hour.
Default Time zone: +8 Hrs.
Daylight Saving:
Daylight saving is adopted in some countries. If set, it will adjust the time
lag or in advance in unit of hours, according to the starting date and the
ending date. For example, if you set the day light saving to be 1 hour.
When the time passes over the starting time, the system time will be
increased one hour after one minute at the time since it passed over. And
when the time passes over the ending time, the system time will be
decreased one hour after one minute at the time since it passed over.
The switch supports valid configurable day light saving time is –5 ~ +5
step one hour. The zero for this parameter means it need not have to
adjust current time, equivalent to in-act daylight saving. You don’t have to
set the starting/ending date as well. If you set daylight saving to be non-
zero, you have to set the starting/ending date as well; otherwise, the
daylight saving function will not be activated.
Default for Daylight Saving: 0.
The following parameters are configurable for the function Daylight
Saving and described in detail.
Day Light Saving Start :
This is used to set when to start performing the day light saving time.
Mth:
Range is 1 ~ 12.
Default: 1
Day:
Range is 1 ~ 31.
Default: 1
Hour:
Range is 0 ~ 23.
Default: 0
45
Day Light Saving End:
This is used to set when to stop performing the daylight saving time.
Mth:
Range is 1 ~ 12.
Default: 1
Day:
Range is 1 ~ 31.
Default: 1
Hour:
Range is 0 ~ 23.
Default: 0
Fig. 3-5
46
3-1-4. Account Configuration
In this function, only administrator can create, modify or delete the username and
password. Administrator can modify other guest identities’ password without
confirming the password but it is necessary to modify the administrator-equivalent
identity. Guest-equivalent identity can modify his password only. Please note that
you must confirm administrator/guest identity in the field of Authorization in advance
before configuring the username and password. Only one administrator is allowed
to exist and unable to be deleted. In addition, up to 4 guest accounts can be created.
The default setting for user account is:
Username : admin
Password : admin
The default setting for guest user account is:
Username : guest
Password : guest
Fig. 3-6
47
3-1-5. Management Security
Through the management security configuration, the manager can do the strict
setup to control the switch and limit the user to access this switch.
The following rules are offered for the manager to manage the switch:
Rule 1) : When no list exists, then it will accept all connections.
Accept
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Rule 2) : When only “accept lists” exist, then it will deny all connections,
excluding the connection inside of the accepting range.
Accept Deny Accept Deny Accept
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Rule 3) : When only “deny lists” exist, then it will accept all connections,
excluding the connection inside of the denying range.
Deny Accept Deny Accept Deny
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Rule 4) : When both “accept and deny” lists exist, then it will deny all
connections, excluding the connection inside of the accepting range.
Accept Deny Deny Deny Accept
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Rule 5) : When both “accept and deny” lists exist, then it will deny all
connections, excluding the connection inside of the accepting range and NOT
inside of the denying range at the same time.
Accept
Deny
Deny| Acc | Deny | Acc | Deny
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Accept
48
Function name:
Management Security Configuration
Function description:
The switch offers Management Security Configuration function. With this
function, the manager can easily control the mode that the user connects to
the switch. According to the mode, users can be classified into two types:
Those who are able to connect to the switch (Accept) and those who are
unable to connect to the switch (Deny). Some restrictions also can be placed
on the mode that the user connect to the switch, for example, we can decide
that which VLAN VID is able to be accepted or denied by the switch, the IP
range of the user could be accepted or denied by the switch, the port that the
user is allowed or not allowed to connect with the switch, or the way of
controlling and connecting to the switch via Http, Telnet or SNMP.
Fig. 3-7
Parameter description:
Name:
A name is composed of any letter (A-Z, a-z) and digit (0-9) with maximal
8 characters.
VID:
The switch supports two kinds of options for managed valid VLAN VID,
including “Any” and “Custom”. Default is “Any”. When you choose
“Custom”, you can fill in VID number. The valid VID range is 1~4094.
49
IP Range:
The switch supports two kinds of options for managed valid IP Range,
including “Any” and “Custom”. Default is “Any”. In case that ”Custom”
had been chosen, you can assign effective IP range. The valid range is
0.0.0.0~255.255.255.255.
Incoming Port:
The switch supports two kinds of options for managed valid Port Range,
including “Any” and “Custom”. Default is “Any”. You can select the ports
that you would like them to be worked and restricted in the management
security configuration if ”Custom” had been chosen.
Access Type:
The switch supports two kinds of options for managed valid Access Type,
including “Any” and “Custom”. Default is “Any”. “Http”, “Telnet” and
“SNMP” are three ways for the access and managing the switch in case
that” Custom” had been chosen.
Action:
The switch supports two kinds of options for managed valid Action Type,
including “Deny” and “Accept”. Default is “Deny”. When you choose
“Deny” action, you will be restricted and refused to manage the switch
due to the “Access Type” you choose. However, while you select
“Accept” action, you will have the authority to manage the switch.
Edit/Create:
A new entry of Management Security Configuration can be created after
the parameters as mentioned above had been setup and then press
<Edit/Create> button. Of course, the existed entry also can be modified
by pressing this button.
Delete:
Remove the existed entry of Management Security Configuration from
the management security table.
50
3-1-6. Virtual Stack
Function name:
Virtual Stack
Function description:
Virtual Stack Management(VSM) is the group management function. Through
the proper configuration of this function, switches in the same LAN will be
grouped automatically. And among these switch, one switch will be a master
machine, and the others in this group will become the slave devices.
VSM offers a simple centralized management function. It is not necessary to
remember the address of all devices; manager is capable of managing the
network with knowing the address of the Master machine. Instead of SNMP or
Telnet UI, VSM is only available in Web UI. While one switch becomes the
Master, two rows of buttons for group device will appear on the top of its Web
UI. By pressing these buttons, user will be allowed to connect the Web UI of
the devices of the group in the same window without the login of these devices.
The most top-left button is only for Master Device. The background color of the
button you press will be changed to represent that the device is under your
management.
Note: It will remove the grouping temporarily in case that you login the switch
via the console.
The device of the group will be shown as station address (the last number of
IP Address) + device name on the button, otherwise it will show ” ---- “ if no
corresponding device exists.
Once the devices join the group successfully, then they are merely able to be
managed via Master device, and user will fail to manage them via
telnet/console/web individually.
Up to 16 devices can be grouped for VSM; however, only one Master is
allowed to exist in each group. For Master redundancy, user may configure
more than two devices as Master device; however, the Master device with the
smaller MAC value will be the Master one. All of these 16 devices can
become Master device and back up with each other.
51
Fig. 3-8
Parameter description:
State:
It is used for the activation or de-activation of VSM. Default is Enable.
Role:
The role that the switch would like to play in virtual stack. Two types of
roles, including master and slave are offered for option. Default is Master.
Group ID:
It is the group identifier (GID) which signs for VSM. Valid letters are A-Z,
a-z, 0-9, “ - “ and “_” characters. The maximal length is 15 characters.
52
3-2. Port Configuration
Four functions, including Port Status, Port Configuration, Simple Counter and Detail
Counter are contained in this function folder for port monitor and management.
Each of them will be described in detail orderly in the following sections.
3-2-1.Port Status
The function Port Status gathers the information of all ports’ current status and
reports it by the order of port number, media, link status, port state, Auto-Negotiation
status, speed/duplex, Rx Pause and Tx Pause. An extra media type information for
the module ports 25 and 26 is also offered.
Fig. 3-9
Status
Confi
g
uration
Sim
p
le Counter
Detail Counter
Port Confi
g
uration
53
Function name:
Port Status
Function Description:
Report the latest updated status of all ports in this switch. When any one of the
ports in the switch changes its parameter displayed in the page, it will be
automatically refreshed the port current status about every 5 seconds.
Parameter Description:
Port No:
Display the port number. The number is 1 – 26. Both port 25 and 26 are
optional modules.
Media:
Show the media type adopted in all ports. The Port 25 and Port 26 are
optional modules, which support either fiber or UTP media with either
Gigabit Ethernet (1000Mbps) or 10/100Mbps Fast Ethernet port. They
may have different media types and speed. Especially, fiber port has
comprehensive types of connector, distance, fiber mode and so on. The
switch describes the module ports with the following page.
Link:
Show that if the link on the port is active or not. If the link is connected to
a working-well device, the Link will show the link “Up”; otherwise, it will
show “Down”. This is determined by the hardware on both devices of the
connection.
No default value.
State:
Show that the communication function of the port is “Enabled” or
“Disabled”. When it is enabled, traffic can be transmitted and received via
this port. When it is disabled, no traffic can be transferred through this
port. Port State is configured by user.
Default: Enabled.
Auto Nego.:
Show the exchange mode of Ethernet MAC. There are two modes
supported in the switch. They are auto-negotiation mode “Enabled” and
forced mode “Disabled”. When in “Enabled” mode, this function will
automatically negotiate by hardware itself and exchange each other the
capability of speed and duplex mode with other site which is linked, and
comes out the best communication way. When in “Disabled” mode, both
parties must have the same setting of speed and duplex, otherwise, both
of them will not be linked. In this case, the link result is “Down”.
Default: Enabled
54
Speed / Duplex :
Display the speed and duplex of all port. There are three speeds 10Mbps,
100Mbps and 1000Mbps supported for TP media, and the duplex
supported is half duplex and full duplex. If the media is 1Gbps fiber, it is
1000Mbps supported only. The status of speed/duplex mode is
determined by 1) the negotiation of both local port and link partner in
“Auto Speed” mode or 2) user setting in “Force” mode. The local port has
to be preset its capability.
In port 1 – 24, they are supported Fast Ethernet with TP media only, so
the result will show 100M/Full or 100M/Half, 10M/Full and 10M/Half
duplex.
In port 25 and port 26, if the media is 1000Mbps with TP media, it will
show the combinations of 10/100M and Full/Half duplex, 1000Mbps and
Full duplex only. If the media is 1000Mbps with fiber media, it will show
only 1000M/Full duplex.
Default: None, depends on the result of the negotiation.
Rx Pause:
The way that the port adopts to process the PAUSE frame. If it shows
“on”, the port will care the PAUSE frame; otherwise, the port will ignore
the PAUSE frame.
Default: None
Tx Pause:
It decides that whether the port transmits the PAUSE frame or not. If it
shows “on”, the port will send PAUSE frame; otherwise, the port will not
send the PAUSE frame.
Default: None
55
Fig. 3-10
Parameter description of Port 25 and Port 26:
Connector Type:
Display the connector type, for instance, UTP, SC, ST, LC and so
on.
Fiber Type:
Display the fiber mode, for instance, Multi-Mode, Single-Mode.
Tx Central Wavelength:
Display the fiber optical transmitting central wavelength, for
instance, 850nm, 1310nm, 1550nm and so on.
Baud Rate:
Display the maximum baud rate of the fiber module supported, for
instance, 10M, 100M, 1G and so on.
Vendor OUI:
Display the Manufacturer's OUI code which is assigned by IEEE.
Vendor Name:
Display the company name of the module manufacturer.
Vendor P/N:
Display the product name of the naming by module manufacturer.
Vendor Rev (Revision):
Display the module revision.
56
Vendor SN (Serial Number):
Show the serial number assigned by the manufacturer.
Date Code:
Show the date this module was made.
Temperature:
Show the current temperature of module.
Vcc:
Show the working DC voltage of module.
Mon1(Bias) mA:
Show the Bias current of module.
Mon2(TX PWR):
Show the transmit power of module.
Mon3(RX PWR):
Show the receiver power of module.
57
3-2-2. Port Configuration
Port Configuration is applied to change the setting of each port. In this configuration
function, you can set/reset the following functions. All of them are described in
detail below.
Fig. 3-11
Function name:
Port Configuration
Function description:
It is used to set each port’s operation mode. The switch supports 3 parameters
for each port. They are State, Speed/Duplex and Flow Control.
Parameter description:
State:
Set the communication capability of the port is Enabled or Disabled.
When enabled, traffic can be transmitted and received via this port.
When disabled, the port is blocked and no traffic can be transferred
through this port. Port State is configurable by the user. There are only
two states “Enable” and “Disable” able to choose. If you set a port’s state
“Disable”, then that port is prohibited to pass any traffic, even it looks
Link up.
Default: Enable.
58
Speed/Duplex:
Set the speed and duplex of the port. In speed, 10/100Mbps baud rate is
available for Fast Ethernet, Gigabit module in port 25, 26. If the media is
1Gbps fiber, it is always 1000Mbps and the duplex is full only. If the
media is TP, the Speed/Duplex is comprised of the combination of speed
mode, 10/100/1000Mbps, and duplex mode, full duplex and half duplex.
The following table summarized the function the media supports.
Media type NWay Speed Duplex
100M TP ON/OFF 10/100M Full/Half
1000M TP ON/OFF 10/100/1000M Full for all, Half for 10/100
1000M Fiber ON/OFF 1000M Full
In Auto-negotiation mode, no default value. In Forced mode, default
value depends on your setting.
Flow Control:
There are two modes to choose in flow control, including Symmetric and
Asymmetric. If flow control is set Symmetric, both parties can send
PAUSE frame to the transmitting device(s) if the receiving port is too
busy to handle. When it is set Asymmetric, this will let the receiving port
care the PAUSE frame from transmitting device(s), but it doesn’t send
PAUSE frame. This is one-way flow control.
Default: Symmetric.
59
3-2-3. Port Description
Port Description is applied to change the setting of each port. In this configuration
function, you can give a name to each port. All of them are described in detail
below.
Fig. 3-12
Function name:
Port Description
Function description:
It is used to set each port’s description. This human readable description can
make the port management easier.
Parameter description:
Description:
This field can enter up to 47 characters for the port description purpose.
Default: <Empty>.
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3-2-5. Simple Counter
The function of Simple Counter collects any information and provides the counting
about the traffic of the port, no matter the packet is good or bad.
In the Fig. 3-13, the window can show all ports’ counter information at the same
time. Each data field has 20-digit long. If the counting is overflow, the counter will be
reset and restart counting. The data is updated every time interval defined by the
user. The valid range is 3 to 10 seconds. The Refresh Interval is used to set the
update frequency. Default update time is 3 seconds.
Fig. 3-13
Function name:
Simple Counter
Function description:
Display the summary counting of each port’s traffic, including Tx Byte, Rx Byte,
Tx Packet, Rx Packet, Tx Collision and Rx Error Packet.
Parameters description:
Tx Byte:
Total transmitted bytes.
Rx Byte:
Total received bytes.
Tx Packet:
The counting number of the packet transmitted.
61
Rx Packet:
The counting number of the packet received.
Tx Collision:
Number of collisions transmitting frames experienced.
Rx Error Packet:
Number of bad packets received.
62
3-2-4. Detail Counter
The function of Detail Counter collects any information and provides the counting
about the traffic of the port, no matter the packet is good or bad.
In the Fig. 3-14, the window can show only one port counter information at the same
time. To see another port’s counter, you have to pull down the list of Select, then
you will see the figures displayed about the port you had chosen.
Each data field has 20-digit long. If the counting is overflow, the counter will be reset
and restart counting. The data is updated every time interval defined by the user.
The valid range is 3 to 10 seconds. The Refresh Interval is used to set the update
frequency. Default update time is 3 seconds.
Fig. 3-14
Function name:
Detail Counter
Function description:
Display the detailed counting number of each port’s traffic. In the Fig. 3-14, the
window can show all counter information of each port at one time.
Parameter description:
Rx Packets:
The counting number of the packet received.
Rx Octets:
Total received bytes.
Rx Errors:
Number of bad packets received.
Rx Unicast Packets:
63
Show the counting number of the received unicast packet.
Rx Broadcast Packets:
Show the counting number of the received broadcast packet.
Rx Multicast Packets:
Show the counting number of the received multicast packet.
Rx Pause Packets:
Show the counting number of the received pause packet.
Tx Collisions:
Number of collisions transmitting frames experienced.
Tx Single Collision:
Number of frames transmitted that experienced exactly one collision.
Tx Multiple Collision:
Number of frames transmitted that experienced more than one collision.
Tx Drop Packets:
Number of frames dropped due to excessive collision, late collision, or
frame aging.
Tx Deferred Transmit:
Number of frames delayed to transmission due to the medium is busy.
Tx Late Collision:
Number of times that a collision is detected later than 512 bit-times into
the transmission of a frame.
Tx Excessive Collision:
Number of frames that are not transmitted because the frame
experienced 16 transmission attempts.
Packets 64 Octets:
Number of 64-byte frames in good and bad packets received.
Packets 65-127 Octets:
Number of 65 ~ 127-byte frames in good and bad packets received.
Packets 128-255 Octets:
Number of 128 ~ 255-byte frames in good and bad packets received.
Packets 256-511 Octets:
Number of 256 ~ 511-byte frames in good and bad packets received.
Packets 512-1023 Octets:
Number of 512 ~ 1023-byte frames in good and bad packets received.
Packets 1024- 1522 Octets:
Number of 1024-1522-byte frames in good and bad packets received.
64
Tx Packets:
The counting number of the packet transmitted.
TX Octets:
Total transmitted bytes.
Tx Unicast Packets:
Show the counting number of the transmitted unicast packet.
Tx Broadcast Packets:
Show the counting number of the transmitted broadcast packet.
Tx Multicast Packets:
Show the counting number of the transmitted multicast packet.
Tx Pause Packets:
Show the counting number of the transmitted pause packet.
Rx FCS Errors:
Number of bad FSC packets received.
Rx Alignment Errors:
Number of Alignment errors packets received.
Rx Fragments:
Number of short frames (< 64 bytes) with invalid CRC.
Rx Jabbers:
Number of long frames (according tomax_length register) with invalid
CRC.
Rx Drop Packets:
Frames dropped due to the lack of receiving buffer.
Rx Undersize Packets:
Number of short frames (<64 Bytes) with valid CRC.
Rx Oversize Packets:
Number of long frames (according to max_length register) with valid
CRC.
65
3-3. SNMP Configuration
Any Network Management System (NMS) running the Simple Network
Management Protocol (SNMP) can manage the Managed devices equipped with
SNMP agent, provided that the Management Information Base (MIB) is installed
correctly on the managed devices. The SNMP is a protocol that is used to govern
the transfer of information between SNMP manager and agent and traverses the
Object Identity (OID) of the management Information Base (MIB), described in the
form of SMI syntax. SNMP agent is running on the switch to response the request
issued by SNMP manager.
Basically, it is passive except issuing the trap information. The switch supports a
switch to turn on or off the SNMP agent. If you set the field SNMP “Enable”, SNMP
agent will be started up. All supported MIB OIDs, including RMON MIB, can be
accessed via SNMP manager. If the field SNMP is set “Disable”, SNMP agent will
be de-activated, the related Community Name, Trap Host IP Address, Trap and all
MIB counters will be ignored.
Function name:
SNMP Configuration
Function description:
This function is used to configure SNMP settings, community name, trap host and
public traps as well as the throttle of SNMP. A SNMP manager must pass the
authentication by identifying both community names, and then it can access the MIB
information of the target device. So, both parties must have the same community
name. Once completing the setting, click <Apply> button, the setting takes effect.
Parameters description:
SNMP:
The term SNMP here is used for the activation or de-activation of SNMP.
Default is Enable.
Get/Set/Trap Community:
Community name is used as password for authenticating if the
requesting network management unit belongs to the same community
group. If they both don’t have the same community name, they don’t
belong to the same group. Hence, the requesting network management
unit can not access the device with different community name via SNMP
protocol; If they both have the same community name, they can talk each
other.
Community name is user-definable with a maximum length of 15
characters and is case sensitive. There is not allowed to put any blank in
the community name string. Any printable character is allowable.
The community name for each function works independently. Each
function has its own community name. Say, the community name for
GET only works for GET function and can’t be applied to other function
such as SET and Trap.
66
Default SNMP function: Enable
Default community name for GET: public
Default community name for SET: private
Default community name for Trap: public
Default Set function: Enable
Default trap host IP address: 0.0.0.0
Default port number: 162
Trap:
In the switch, there are 6 trap hosts supported. Each of them has its own
community name and IP address; is user-definable. To set up a trap host
means to create a trap manager by assigning an IP address to host the
trap message. In other words, the trap host is a network management
unit with SNMP manager receiving the trap message from the managed
switch with SNMP agent issuing the trap message. 6 trap hosts can
prevent the important trap message from losing.
For each public trap, the switch supports the trap event Cold Start, Warm
Start, Link Down, Link Up and Authentication Failure Trap. They can be
enabled or disabled individually. When enabled, the corresponded trap
will actively send a trap message to the trap host when a trap happens. If
all public traps are disabled, no public trap message will be sent. As to
the Enterprise (no. 6) trap is classified as private trap, which are listed in
the Trap Alarm Configuration function folder.
Default for all public traps: Enable.
Fig. 3-15 Community and trap host setting
67
3-4. Loop Detection
Looping will always occur when the switches are connected as a cycle and a switch
transmits the packets that will go back to the transmitted switch. Loop Detection will
prevent the looping from happening. Moreover, it could remove the looping
phenomenon per port. In general, you can unplug the cable connection to stop the
looping when a port causes the looping. The switch has powerful Looping Detection
capability, which could cease the looping immediately.
Fig. 3-16 Loop Detection
Function name:
Loop Detection
Function description:
This function will start when you enable looping action by ticking the
check box () of the Action. That will create some special packet for
68
looping detection. After enabling looping action, you should decide which
port you would like to open loop detection capability. For example, you
open the loop detection of port 1 as enable state. When the looping
situation happens from port 1, Loop Detection will lock the port1’s ability.
And then you will see that the “Current Status” of port 1 shows Locked. In
port status function, you can see that the State of Port Configuration of
port 1 is “Disabled”. So the port 1 will lose the essential ability the port
could have. However, “Resume Action” in Loop Detection will remove the
looping status. It is very convenient for looping happening in real
networking environment. After any setting you done, please click the
<Apply> button to have the setting taken effect. When looping has
already happened, we suggest that the users could choose the looping
port as “Enable” in advance. And then tick the check box () of the
Action. That will get the better result for Looping removing.
Parameters description:
State:
Open the Loop Detection capability per port. The list has “Enable” and
“Disable”. Default is “Disable”.
Current Status:
Show the looping status per port. It could be “Unlocked or Locked”.
Default is “Unlocked”. When some port happens looping, it will show
“Locked”
Resume Action:
Remove the looping status per port. Just tick the check box () of the
Unlock to open resume action per port.
Refresh:
“Refresh” button could appear the instant Current Status of Loop
Detection.
69
3-5. DHCP Boot
The DHCP Boot function is used to spread the request broadcast packet into a
bigger time frame to prevent the traffic congestion due to broadcast packets from
many network devices which may seek its NMS, boot server, DHCP server and
many connections predefined when the whole building or block lose the power and
then reboot and recover. At this moment, a bunch of switch or other network device
on the LAN will try its best to find the server to get the services or try to set up the
predefined links, they will issue many broadcast packets in the network.
The switch supports a random delay time for DHCP and boot delay for each device.
This suppresses the broadcast storm while all devices are at booting stage in the
same time. The maximum user-defined delay time is 30 sec. If DHCP Broadcasting
Suppression function is enabled, the delay time is set randomly, ranging from 0 to
30 seconds, because the exactly delay time is computed by the switch itself. The
default is “Disable”.
Fig. 3-17
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3-6. IGMP Snooping
The function, IGMP Snooping, is used to establish the multicast groups to forward
the multicast packet to the member ports, and, in nature, avoids wasting the
bandwidth while IP multicast packets are running over the network. This is because
a switch that does not support IGMP or IGMP Snooping can not tell the multicast
packet from the broadcast packet, so it can only treat them all as the broadcast
packet. Without IGMP Snooping, the multicast packet forwarding function is plain
and nothing is different from broadcast packet.
A switch supported IGMP Snooping with the functions of query, report and leave, a
type of packet exchanged between IP Multicast Router/Switch and IP Multicast Host,
can update the information of the Multicast table when a member (port) joins or
leaves an IP Multicast Destination Address. With this function, once a switch
receives an IP multicast packet, it will forward the packet to the members who
joined in a specified IP multicast group before.
The packets will be discarded by the IGMP Snooping if the user transmits multicast
packets to the multicast group that had not been built up in advance.
Fig. 3-18
Function name:
IGMP Snooping Status
Function description:
IGMP is used to snoop the status of IP multicast groups and display its
associated information in both tagged VLAN and non-tagged VLAN networks.
Enabling IGMP with either passive or active mode, you can monitor the IGMP
snooping information, which contains the multicast member list with the
multicast groups, VID and member port.
71
Parameter description:
IGMP snooping mode selection:
The switch supports three kinds of IGMP Snooping status, including
“Passive”, “Active” and “Disable”.
Disable:
Set “Disable” mode to disable IGMP Snooping function.
Default: Disable
Active:
In Active mode, IGMP snooping switch will periodically issue the
Membership Query message to all hosts attached to it and
gather the Membership report message to update the database
of the Multicast table. By the way, this also reduces the
unnecessary multicast traffic.
Passive:
In Passive Snooping mode, the IGMP snooping will not
periodically poll the hosts in the groups. The switch will send a
Membership Query message to all hosts only when it has
received a Membership Query message from a router.
IP Address:
Show all multicast groups IP addresses that are registered on this device.
VLAN ID:
Show VLAN ID for each multicast group.
Member Port:
Show member ports that join each multicast group. Member port may be
only or more than one.
72
Function name:
Allowed Group
Function description:
The Allowed Group function allows the IGMP Snooping to set up the IP
multicast table based on user’s specific conditions. IGMP report packets that
meet the items you set up will be joined or formed the multicast group.
Fig. 3-19
Parameter description:
IP Range:
The switch supports two kinds of options for managed valid IP range,
including “Any” and “Custom”. Default is “Any”. In case that ”Custom” is
chosen, you can assign effective IP range. The valid range is
224.0.0.0~239.255.255.255.
VID:
The switch supports two kinds of options for managed valid VLAN VID,
including “Any” and “Custom”. Default is “Any”. When you choose
“Custom”, you can fill in VID number. The valid VID range is 1~4094.
Port:
The switch supports two kinds of options for managed valid port range,
including “Any” and “Custom”. Default is “Any”. You can select the ports
that you would like them to work and be restricted in the allowed group
configuration if ”Custom” is chosen.
73
Add:
A new entry of allowed group configuration can be created after the
parameters as mentioned above had been setup and then press <Add>
button.
Edit:
The existed entry also can be modified after pressing <Edit> button.
Delete:
Remove the existed entry of allowed group configuration from the
allowed group.
74
3-7. VLAN
The switch supports Tag-based VLAN (802.1q) and Port-based VLAN. It supports
256 active VLANs and VLAN ID 1~4094. VLAN configuration is used to partition
your LAN into small ones as your demand. Properly configuring it, you can gain not
only improving security and increasing performance but greatly reducing VLAN
management.
3-7-1. VLAN Mode
Function name:
VLAN Mode Setting
Function description:
The VLAN Mode Selection function includes two modes: Port-based and Tag-
based, you can choose one of them by pulling down list and pressing the
<Downward> arrow key. Then, click <Apply> button, the settings will take
effect immediately.
Parameter description:
VLAN Mode:
Tag-based:
This is the default setting.
Tag-based VLAN identifies its member by VID. This is quite
different from port-based VLAN. If there are any more rules in
ingress filtering list or egress filtering list, the packet will be
screened with more filtering criteria to determine if it can be
forwarded. The switch supports supplement of 802.1q.
Each tag-based VLAN you built up must be assigned VLAN name
and VLAN ID. Valid VLAN ID is 1-4094. User can create total up to
256 Tag VLAN groups.
Port-based:
Port-based VLAN is defined by port. Any packet coming in or
outgoing from any one port of a port-based VLAN will be accepted.
No filtering criterion applies in port-based VLAN. The only criterion
is the physical port you connect to. For example, for a port-based
VLAN named PVLAN-1 contains port members Port 1&2&3&4. If
you are on the port 1, you can communicate with port 2&3&4. If you
are on the port 5, then you cannot talk to them. Each port-based
VLAN you built up must be assigned a group name. This switch can
support up to maximal 26 port-based VLAN groups.
Metro Mode:
The Metro Mode is a quick configuration VLAN environment
method on Port-based VLAN. It will create 22 or 23 Port-based
VLAN groups.
75
Symmetric Vlan:
This is an Ingress Rule (Rule 1, The Ingress Filtering Rule 1 is “forward
only packets with VID matching this port’s configured VID”.). For example,
if port 1 receives a tagged packet with VID=100 (VLAN name=VLAN100),
and if Symmetric-Vlan function is enabled, the switch will check if port 1
is a member of VLAN100. If yes, the received packet is forwarded;
otherwise, the received packet is dropped.
Note: If Symmetric is enabled and port 1, for example, receives an untagged packet,
the switch will apply the PVID of port 1 to tag this packet, the packet then will
be forwarded. But if the PVID of port 1 is not 100, the packet will be dropped.
SVL:
While SVL is enable, all VLANs use the same filtering database storing
the membership information of the VLAN to learn or look up the
membership information of the VLAN. While SVL is disable, it means
learning mode is IVL. In this mode, different VLAN uses different filtering
database storing the membership information of the VLAN to learn or
look up the information of a VLAN member.
Double Tag:
Double-tag mode belongs to the tag-based mode, however, it would treat
all frames as the untagged ones, which means that tag with PVID will be
added into all packets. Then, these packets will be forwarded as Tag-
based VLAN. So, the incoming packets with tag will become the double-
tag ones. To notice that the up-link Port won’t add an extra VLAN tag.
Up-link Port:
This function is enabled only when metro mode or double-tag is chosen
in VLAN mode.
25:
Except Port 25, each port of the switch cannot transmit packets with
each other. Each port groups a VLAN with Port 25, thus, total 23
groups consisting of 2 members are formed.
26:
Except Port 26, each port of the switch cannot transmit packets with
each other. Each port groups a VLAN with Port 26, thus, total 23
groups consisting of 2 members are formed.
25&26:
Except Port 25 and Port 26, each port of the switch cannot transmit
packets with each other. Each port groups a VLAN with Port 25
and Port 26, thus, total 22 groups consisting of 3 members are
formed.
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Fig. 3-20
77
3-7-2. Tag-based Group
Function name:
Tag-based Group Configuration
Function description:
It shows the information of existed Tag-based VLAN Groups. You can also
easily create, edit and delete a Tag-based VLAN group by pressing <Add>,
<Edit> and <Delete> function buttons. User can add a new VLAN group by
inputting a new VLAN name and VLAN ID after pressing <Add> button.
Parameter description:
VLAN Name:
The name defined by administrator is associated with a VLAN group.
Valid letters are A-Z, a-z, 0-9, “ - “ and “_” characters. The maximal
length is 15 characters.
VID:
VLAN identifier. Each tag-based VLAN group has a unique VID. It
appears only in tag-based and Double-tag mode.
Member:
This is used to enable or disable if a port is a member of the new added
VLAN, “Enable” means it is a member of the VLAN. Just tick the check
box beside the port x to enable it.
Fig. 3-21
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Add Group:
Input the VLAN name, VID and then choose the member by ticking the
check box beside the port No. to create a new Tag-based VLAN. As to
the parameter of Untag, it stands for an egress rule of the port. If you tick
the check box beside the port No., packets with this VID outgoing from
this port will be untagged. Finally, press the <Apply> button to have the
setting taken effect.
Fig. 3-22
Delete Group:
Just press the <Delete> button to remove the selected group entry from
the Tag-based group table.
Edit a group:
Just select a group entry and press the <Edit> button, then you can
modify a group’s description, member and untag settings.
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3-7-3. PVID
Function name:
PVID
Function description:
In PVID Setting, user can input VID number to each port. The range of VID
number is from 1 to 4094. User also can choose ingress filtering rule (Rule 2)
to each port. The Ingress Filtering Rule 2 is “drop untagged frame”. While Rule
2 is enabled, the port will discard all Untagged-frames.
Fig. 3-23
Parameter description:
Port 1-26:
Port number.
PVID:
This PVID range will be 1-4094. Before you set a number x as PVID, you
have to create a Tag-based VLAN with VID x. For example, if port x
receives an untagged packet, the switch will apply the PVID (assume as
VID y) of port x to tag this packet, the packet then will be forwarded as
the tagged packet with VID y.
Default Priority:
80
It bases on 802.1p QoS and affects untagged packets. When the packets
enter the switch, it would get the priority precedence according to your
Default Priority setting and map to 802.1p priority setting in QoS function.
For example, while you set Default Priority of port 2 with 2 and transmit
untagged packets to port 2, these packets will own priority 2 precedence
due to your default 802.1p Priority Mapping setting in QoS function and
be put into Queue 1.
Drop Untag:
Drop untagged frame. You can configure a given port to accept all frames
(Tagged and Untagged) or just receive tagged frame. If the former is the
case, then the packets with tagged or untagged will be processed. If the
later is the case, only the packets carrying VLAN tag will be processed,
the rest packets will be discarded.
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3-7-4. Port-based Group
Function name:
Port-based Group Configuration
Function description:
It shows the information of the existed Port-based VLAN Groups. You can
easily create, edit and delete a Port-based VLAN group by pressing <Add>,
<Edit> and <Delete> function buttons. User can add a new VLAN group by
inputting a new VLAN name.
Parameter description:
VLAN Name:
The name defined by administrator is associated with a VLAN group.
Valid letters are A-Z, a-z, 0-9, “ - “ and “_” characters. The maximal
length is 15 characters.
Member:
This is used to enable or disable if a port is a member of the new added
VLAN, “Enable” means it is a member of the VLAN. Just tick the check
box beside the port x to enable it.
Fig. 3-24
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Add Group:
Create a new Port-based VLAN. Input the VLAN name and choose the
member by ticking the check box beside the port No., then, press the
<Apply> button to have the setting taken effect.
Fig. 3-25
Delete Group:
Just press the <Delete> button to remove the selected group entry from
the Port-based group table.
Edit a group:
Just select a group entry and press the <Edit> button, then you can
modify a group‘s description and member set.
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3-7-5. Management VLAN
Function name:
Management VLAN
Function Description:
Parameter description:
State:
It works when the tag-based mode is chosen. When this function is
enabled, only the tagged packets with this VID can manage the switch.
VID:
Valid range 1~4094.
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3-8. MAC Table
MAC Table Configuration gathers many functions, including MAC Table Information,
MAC Table Maintenance, Static and MAC Alias, which cannot be categorized to
some function type. They are described below.
Function name:
MAC Table Information
Function Description:
Display the static or dynamic learning MAC entry and the state for the selected
port.
Parameter description:
Port:
Select the port you would like to inquire.
Search:
Set up the MAC entry you would like to inquire.
The default is ??-??-??-??-??-??
MAC:
Display the MAC address of one entry you selected from the searched
MAC entries table.
Alias:
Set up the Alias for the selected MAC entry.
Set Alias:
Save the Alias of MAC entry you set up.
Search:
Find the entry that meets your setup.
Previous Page:
Move to the previous page.
Next Page:
Move to the next page.
Alias:
The Alias of the searched entry.
MAC Address:
The MAC address of the searched entry.
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Port:
The port that exists in the searched MAC Entry.
VID:
VLAN Group that MAC Entry exists.
State:
Display the method that this MAC Entry is built. It may show “Dynamic
MAC” or “Static MAC”.
Fig. 3-26
86
Function Name:
MAC Table Maintenance
Function Description:
This function can allow the user to set up the processing mechanism of MAC
Table. An idle MAC address exceeding MAC Address Age-out Time will be
removed from the MAC Table. The range of Age-out Time is 10-1000000
seconds, and the setup of this time will have no effect on static MAC
addresses.
In addition, the learning limit of MAC maintenance is able to limit the amount
of MAC that each port can learn.
Parameter description:
Aging Time:
Delete a MAC address idling for a period of time from the MAC Table,
which will not affect static MAC address. Range of MAC Address Aging
Time is 10-1000000 seconds. The default Aging Time is 300 seconds.
Learning Limit:
To set up the maximum amount of MAC that each port can learn. Valid
value of learning limit for port 1~24 ranges from 0-8191. As to port
25~port 26, only the fixed value “8192” is assigned to these two ports
and user cannot configure this value.
Fig. 3-27
87
Function Name:
Static Setting
Function Description:
The function of Static is used to configure MAC’s real manners inside of the
switch. Three kinds of manners including static, static with destination drop
and static with source drop are contained in this function .
As “static” is chosen, assign a MAC address to a specific port, all of the
switch’s traffics sent to this MAC address will be forwarded to this port.
As “static with destination drop” is chosen, the packet will be dropped if its DA
is equal to the value you set up. Due to this setting belongs to the global one,
so, it may affect all ports’ transmission of the packets.
As “static with source drop” is chosen, the packet will be dropped if its SA is
equal to the value you set up. Due to this setting belongs to the global one, so,
it may affect all ports’ transmission of the packets.
Fig. 3-28
Parameter description:
MAC:
It is a six-byte long Ethernet hardware address and usually expressed by
hex and separated by hyphens. For example,
00 – 40 - C7 - D6 – 00 - 01
VID:
VLAN identifier. This will be filled only when tagged VLAN is applied.
Valid range is 1 ~ 4094.
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Queue (Priority):
Set up the priority ( 0~3) for the MAC.
Forwarding Rule (Drop Policy):
Static:
A MAC address is assigned to a specific port, all of the switch’s
traffics sent to this MAC address will be forwarded to this port.
Static with Destination Drop:
While the DA of the incoming packets meets the value you set up,
these packets will be dropped.
Static with Source Drop:
While the SA of the incoming packets meets the value you set up,
these packets will be dropped.
Port :
Select the port No. you would like to do setup in the switch. It is 1 ~26.
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Function name:
MAC Alias
Function description:
MAC Alias function is used to let you assign MAC address a plain English
name. This will help you tell which MAC address belongs to which user in the
illegal access report. At the initial time, it shows all pairs of the existed alias
name and MAC address.
There are three MAC alias functions in this function folder, including MAC Alias
Add, MAC Alias Edit and MAC Alias Delete. You can click <Create/Edit>
button to add/modify a new or an existed alias name for a specified MAC
address, or mark an existed entry to delete it. Alias name must be composed
of A-Z, a-z and 0-9 only and has a maximal length of 15 characters.
Function name:
MAC Alias Create/Edit or Delete
Function description:
In the MAC Alias function, MAC Alias Add/Edit function is used to let you add
or modify an association between MAC address and a plain English name.
User can click <Create/Edit> button to add a new record with name.
As to MAC Alias Delete function is used to let you remove an alias name to a
MAC address. You can select an existed MAC address or alias name to
remove.
Fig. 3-29
90
Parameter description:
MAC Address:
It is a six-byte long Ethernet hardware address and usually expressed by
hex and separated by hyphens. For example,
00 – 40 - C7 - D6 – 00 - 02
Alias:
MAC alias name you assign.
Note: If there are too many MAC addresses learned in the table, we recommend
you inputting the MAC address and alias name directly.
91
3-9. GVRP Configuration
GVRP is an application based on Generic Attribute Registration Protocol (GARP),
mainly used to automatically and dynamically maintain the group membership
information of the VLANs. The GVRP offers the function providing the VLAN
registration service through a GARP application. It makes use of GARP Information
Declaration (GID) to maintain the ports associated with their attribute database and
GARP Information Propagation (GIP) to communicate among switches and end
stations. With GID information and GIP, GVRP state machine maintain the contents
of Dynamic VLAN Registration Entries for each VLAN and propagate these
information to other GVRP-aware devices to setup and update their knowledge
database, the set of VLANs associated with currently active members, and through
which ports these members can be reached.
In GVRP Configuration function folder, there are three functions supported,
including GVRP Config, GVRP Counter and GVRP Group explained below.
Fig. 3-30
92
Function name:
GVRP Config
Function description:
In the function of GVRP Config, it is used to configure each port’s GVRP
operation mode, in which there are seven parameters needed to be configured
described below.
Parameter description:
GVRP State Setting:
This function is simply to let you enable or disable GVRP function. You
can pull down the list and click the <Downward> arrow key to choose
“Enable” or “Disable”. Then, click the <Apply> button, the system will
take effect immediately.
Join Time:
Used to declare the Join Time in unit of centisecond. Valid time range:
20 –100 centiseconds, Default: 20 centisecond.
Leave Time:
Used to declare the Leave Time in unit of centisecond. Valid time range:
60 –300 centisecond, Default: 60 centisecond.
Leave All Time:
A time period for announcement that all registered device is going to be
de-registered. If someone still issues a new join, then a registration will
be kept in the switch. Valid range: 1000-5000 unit time, Default: 1000 unit
time.
Default Applicant Mode:
The mode here means the type of participant. There are two modes,
normal participant and non-participant, provided for the user’s choice.
Normal:
It is Normal Participant. In this mode, the switch participates
normally in GARP protocol exchanges. The default setting is
Normal.
Non-Participant:
It is Non-Participant. In this mode, the switch does not send or
reply any GARP messages. It just listens messages and
reacts for the received GVRP BPDU.
Default Registrar Mode:
The mode here means the type of Registrar. There are three types of
parameters for registrar administrative control value, normal registrar,
fixed registrar and forbidden registrar, provided for the user’s choice.
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Normal:
It is Normal Registration. The Registrar responds normally to
incoming GARP messages. The default setting is Normal.
Fixed:
It is Registration Fixed. The Registrar ignores all GARP
messages, and all members remain in the registered (IN)
state.
Forbidden:
It is Registration Forbidden. The Registrar ignores all GARP
messages, and all members remain in the unregistered
(EMPTY) state.
Restricted Mode:
This function is used to restrict dynamic VLAN be created when this port
received GVRP PDU. There are two modes, disable and enable,
provided for the user’s choice.
Disabled:
In this mode, the switch dynamic VLAN will be created when
this port received GVRP PDU. The default setting is Normal.
Enabled:
In this mode, the switch does not create dynamic VLAN when
this port received GVRP PDU. Except received dynamic
VLAN message of the GVRP PDU is an existed static VLAN in
the switch, this port will be added into the static VLAN
members dynamically.
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Function name:
GVRP Counter
Function description:
All GVRP counters are mainly divided into Received and Transmitted two
categories to let you monitor the GVRP actions. Actually, they are GARP
packets.
Fig. 3-31
Parameter description:
Received:
Total GVRP Packets:
Total GVRP BPDU is received by the GVRP application.
Invalid GVRP Packets:
Number of invalid GARP BPDU is received by the GARP
application.
LeaveAll Message Packets:
Number of GARP BPDU with Leave All message is received by the
GARP application.
JoinEmpty Message Packets:
Number of GARP BPDU with Join Empty message is received by
the GARP application.
JoinIn Message Packets:
Number of GARP BPDU with Join In message is received by the
GARP application.
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LeaveEmpty Message Packets:
Number of GARP BPDU with Leave Empty message is received by
the GARP application.
Empty Message Packets:
Number of GARP BPDU with Empty message is received by the
GARP application.
Transmitted:
Total GVRP Packets:
Total GARP BPDU is transmitted by the GVRP application.
Invalid GVRP Packets:
Number of invalid GARP BPDU is transmitted by the GVRP
application.
LeaveAll Message Packets:
Number of GARP BPDU with Leave All message is transmitted
by the GARP application.
JoinEmpty Message Packets:
Number of GARP BPDU with Join Empty message is transmitted by
the GARP application.
JoinIn Message Packets:
Number of GARP BPDU with Join In message is transmitted by the
GARP application.
LeaveEmpty Message Packets:
Number of GARP BPDU with Leave Empty message is transmitted
by the GARP application.
Empty Message Packets:
Number of GARP BPDU with Empty message is transmitted by the
GARP application.
96
Function name:
GVRP Group Information
Function description:
To show the dynamic group member and their information.
Parameter description:
Current Dynamic Group Number:
The number of GVRP group that are created currently.
VID:
VLAN identifier. When GVRP group creates, each dynamic VLAN group
owns its VID. Valid range is 1 ~ 4094.
Member Port:
Those are the members belonging to the same dynamic VLAN group.
Edit Administrative Control:
When you create GVRP group, you can use Administrative Control
function to change Applicant Mode and Registrar Mode of GVRP group
member.
Refresh:
Refresh function can help you to see current GVRP group status.
Fig. 3-32
97
3-10. STP Configuration
The Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) is a standardized method (IEEE 802.1D) for
avoiding loops in switched networks. When STP is enabled, ensure that only one
path is active between any two nodes on the network at a time. User can enable
Spanning Tree Protocol on switch’s web management and then set up other
advanced items. We recommend that you enable STP on all switches to ensure a
single active path on the network.
3-10-1. STP Status
Function name:
STP Status
Function description:
In the Spanning Tree Status, user can read 12 parameters to know STP
current status. The 12 parameters’ description is listed in the following table.
Parameter description:
STP State:
Show the current STP Enabled / Disabled status. Default is “Disabled”.
Bridge ID:
Show switch’s bridge ID which stands for the MAC address of this switch.
Bridge Priority:
Show this switch’s current bridge priority setting. Default is 32768.
Designated Root:
Show root bridge ID of this network segment. If this switch is a root
bridge, the “Designated Root” will show this switch’s bridge ID.
Designated Priority:
Show the current root bridge priority.
Root Port:
Show port number connected to root bridge with the lowest path cost.
Root Path Cost:
Show the path cost between the root port and the designated port of the
root bridge.
Current Max. Age:
Show the current root bridge maximum age time. Maximum age time is
used to monitor if STP topology needs to change. When a bridge does
not receive a hello message from root bridge until the maximum age time
is counted down to 0, the bridge will treat the root bridge malfunctioned
and issue a Topology Change Notification (TCN) BPDU to all other
bridges.
98
All bridges in the LAN will re-learn and determine which the root bridge is.
Maximum Age time is assigned by Root Bridge in unit of seconds.
Default is 20 seconds.
Current Forward Delay:
Show the current root bridge forward delay time. The value of Forward
Delay time is set by root. The Forward Delay time is defined as the time
spent from Listening state moved to Learning state or from Learning
state moved to Forwarding state of a port in bridge.
Hello Time:
Show the current hello time of the root bridge. Hello time is a time
interval specified by Root Bridge, used to request all other bridges
periodically sending hello message every “hello time” seconds to the
bridge attached to its designated port.
STP Topology Change Count:
STP Topology Change Count expresses the time spent in unit of seconds
since the beginning of the Spanning Tree Topology Change to the end of
the STP convergence. Once the STP change is converged, the Topology
Change count will be reset to 0. The figures showing in the screen may
not be the exact time it spent but very close to, because the time is
eclipsing.
Time Since Last Topology Change:
Time Since Last Topology Change is the accumulated time in unit of
seconds the STP has been since the last STP Topology Change was
made. When Topology Change is initiated again, this counter will be
reset to 0. And it will also count again once STP topology Change is
completed.
Fig. 3-33
99
3-10-2. STP Configuration
The STP, Spanning Tree Protocol, actually includes RSTP. In the Spanning Tree
Configuration, there are six parameters open for the user to configure as user’s idea.
Each parameter description is listed below.
Function name:
STP Configuration
Function description:
User can set the following Spanning Tree parameters to control STP function
enable/disable, select mode RSTP/STP and affect STP state machine
behavior to send BPDU in this switch. The default setting of Spanning Tree
Protocol is “Disable”.
Parameter description:
Spanning Tree Protocol:
Set 802.1W Rapid STP function Enable / Disable. Default is “Disable”
Bridge Priority:
The lower the bridge priority is the higher priority it has. Usually, the
bridge with the highest bridge priority is the root. If you want to have the
24 FAST ETHERNET + 2 GIGABIT L2 MANAGED SWITCH as root
bridge, you can set this value lower than that of bridge in the LAN. The
valid value is 0 ~ 61440. The default is 32768.
Hello Time:
Hello Time is used to determine the periodic time to send normal BPDU
from designated ports among bridges. It decides how long a bridge
should send this message to other bridge to tell I am alive. When the 24
FAST ETHERNET + 2 GIGABIT L2 MANAGED SWITCH is the root
bridge of the LAN, for example, all other bridges will use the hello time
assigned by this switch to communicate with each other. The valid value
is 1 ~ 10 in unit of second.
Default is 2 seconds.
Max. Age:
When the 24 FAST ETHERNET + 2 GIGABIT L2 MANAGED SWITCH is
the root bridge, the whole LAN will apply this figure set by this switch as
their maximum age time. When a bridge received a BPDU originated
from the root bridge and if the message age conveyed in the BPDU
exceeds the Max. Age of the root bridge, the bridge will treat the root
bridge malfunctioned and issue a Topology Change Notification (TCN)
BPDU to all other bridges. All bridges in the LAN will re-calculate and
determine who the root bridge is. The valid value of Max. Age is 6 ~ 40
seconds. Default is 20 seconds.
100
Forward Delay:
You can set the root bridge forward delay time. This figure is set by Root
Bridge only. The forward delay time is defined as the time spent from
Listening state moved to Learning state and also from Learning state
moved to Forwarding state of a port in bridge. The forward delay time
contains two states, Listening state to Learning state and Learning state
to Forwarding state. It assumes that forward delay time is 15 seconds,
and then total forward delay time will be 30 seconds. This has much to
do with the STP convergent time which will be more than 30 seconds
because some other factors.
The valid value is 4 ~ 30 seconds, default is 15 seconds.
Force Version:
Two options are offered for the user’s choosing STP algorithm. One is
RSTP and the other is STP. If STP is chosen, RSTP will run as a legacy
STP. The switch supports RSTP (802.1w) which is backward compatible
with STP (802.1d).
Fig. 3-34
101
3-10-3. STP Port Configuration
Function name:
STP Port Setting
Function description:
In the STP Port Setting, one item selection and five parameters settings are
offered for user’s setup. User can disable and enable each port by selecting
each Port Status item. User also can set “Path Cost” and “Priority” of each port
by filling in the desired value and set “Admin Edge Port” and “Admin Point To
Point” by selecting the desired item.
Parameter description:
Port Status:
It displays the current state of a port. We cannot manually set it because
it displays the status only. There are three possible states. (According to
802.1w specification)
DISCARDING state indicates that this port can neither forward packets
nor contribute learning knowledge.
Notice: Three other states (Disable state, BLOCKING state and LISTENING
state) defined in the 802.1d specification are now all represented as
DISCARDING state.
LEARNING state indicates this port can now contribute its learning
knowledge but cannot forward packets still.
FORWARDING state indicates this port can both contribute its learning
knowledge and forward packets normally.
Path Cost Status:
It is the contribution value of the path through this port to Root Bridge.
STP algorithm determines a best path to Root Bridge by calculating the
sum of path cost contributed by all ports on this path. A port with a
smaller path cost value would become the Root Port more possibly.
Configured Path Cost:
The range is 0 – 200,000,000. In the switch, if path cost is set to be zero,
the STP will get the recommended value resulted from auto-negotiation
of the link accordingly and display this value in the field of Path Cost
Status. Otherwise, it may show the value that the administrator set up in
Configured Path Cost and Path Cost Status.
102
802.1w RSTP recommended value: (Valid range: 1 – 200,000,000)
10 Mbps : 2,000,000
100 Mbps : 200,000
1 Gbps : 20,000
Default: 0
Priority:
Priority here means Port Priority. Port Priority and Port Number are
mixed to form the Port ID. Port IDs are often compared in order to
determine which port of a bridge would become the Root Port. The range
is 0 – 240.
Default is 128.
Admin Edge Port:
If user selects “Yes”, this port will be an edge port. An Edge Port is a port
connected to a device that knows nothing about STP or RSTP. Usually,
the connected device is an end station. Edge Ports will immediately
transit to forwarding state and skip the listening and learning state
because the edge ports cannot create bridging loops in the network. This
will expedite the convergence. When the link on the edge port toggles,
the STP topology keeps unchanged. Unlike the designate port or root
port though, an edge port will transit to a normal spanning-tree port
immediately if it receives a BPDU.
Default: No
Admin Point To Point:
We say a port is a point-to-point link, from RSTP’s view, if it is in full-
duplex mode but is shared link if it is in half-duplex mode. RSTP fast
convergence can only happen on point-to-point links and on edge ports.
This can expedite the convergence because this will have the port fast
transited to forwarding state.
There are three parameters, Auto, True and False, used to configure the
type of the point-to-point link. If configure this parameter to be Auto, it
means RSTP will use the duplex mode resulted from the auto-negotiation.
In today’s switched networks, most links are running in full-duplex mode.
For sure, the result may be half-duplex, in this case, the port will not fast
transit to Forwarding state. If it is set as True, the port is treated as point-
to-point link by RSTP and unconditionally transited to Forwarding state. If
it is set as False, fast transition to Forwarding state will not happen on
this port.
Default: Auto
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M Check:
Migration Check. It forces the port sending out an RSTP BPDU instead
of a legacy STP BPDU at the next transmission. The only benefit of this
operation is to make the port quickly get back to act as an RSTP port.
Click <M Check> button to send a RSTP BPDU from the port you
specified.
Fig. 3-35
104
3-11. Trunking Configuration
The Port Trunking Configuration is used to configure the settings of Link
Aggregation. You can bundle more than one port with the same speed, full duplex
and the same MAC to be a single logical port, thus the logical port aggregates the
bandwidth of these ports. This means you can apply your current Ethernet
equipments to build the bandwidth aggregation. For example, if there are three
Fast Ethernet ports aggregated in a logical port, then this logical port has bandwidth
three times as high as a single Fast Ethernet port has.
The switch supports two kinds of port trunking methods:
LACP:
Ports using Link Aggregation Control Protocol (according to IEEE
802.3ad specification) as their trunking method can choose their unique
LACP GroupID (1~3) to form a logic “trunked port”. The benefit of using
LACP is that a port makes an agreement with its peer port before it
becomes a ready member of a “trunk group” (also called aggregator).
LACP is safer than the other trunking method - static trunk.
The switch LACP does not support the followings:
Link Aggregation across switches
Aggregation with non-IEEE 802.3 MAC link
Operating in half-duplex mode
Aggregate the ports with different data rates
Static Trunk:
Ports using Static Trunk as their trunk method can choose their unique
Static GroupID (also 1~3, this Static groupID can be the same with
another LACP groupID) to form a logic “trunked port”. The benefit of
using Static Trunk method is that a port can immediately become a
member of a trunk group without any handshaking with its peer port. This
is also a disadvantage because the peer ports of your static trunk group
may not know that they should be aggregate together to form a “logic
trunked port”. Using Static Trunk on both end of a link is strongly
recommended. Please also note that low speed links will stay in “not
ready” state when using static trunk to aggregate with high speed links.
As to system restrictions about the port aggregation function on the switch,
In the management point of view, the switch supports maximum 3 trunk groups for
LACP and additional 3 trunk groups for Static Trunk. But in the system capability
view, only 3 “real trunked” groups are supported. An LACP trunk group with more
than one ready member-port is a “real trunked” group. An LACP trunk group with
only one or less than one ready member-port is not a “real trunked” group. Any
Static trunk group is a “real trunked” group.
105
Per Trunking Group supports a maximum of 4 ready member-ports. Please note
that some decisions will automatically be made by the system while you are
configuring your trunking ports. Trunk Setting Rules are listed below:
Rule1: Maximum 3 groups are allowed
Rule 2: The members of each group cannot exceed more than 4 ports
Rule 3: Group 1 and 2 cannot exist member 25 and 26 port
Rule 4: Group 3 cannot exist member from 1 to 24 port
106
Function name:
Port Setting/Status
Function description:
Port setting/status is used to configure the trunk property of each and every
port in the switch system.
Parameter description:
Method:
This determines the method a port uses to aggregate with other ports.
None:
A port does not want to aggregate with any other port should
choose this default setting.
LACP:
A port use LACP as its trunk method to get aggregated with other
ports also using LACP.
Static:
A port use Static Trunk as its trunk method to get aggregated with
other ports also using Static Trunk.
Group:
Ports choosing the same trunking method other than “None” must be
assigned a unique Group number (i.e. Group ID, valid value is from 1 to
8) in order to declare that they wish to aggregate with each other.
Active LACP:
This field is only referenced when a port’s trunking method is LACP.
Active:
An Active LACP port begins to send LACPDU to its link partner right
after the LACP protocol entity started to take control of this port.
Passive:
A Passive LACP port will not actively send LACPDU out before it
receives an LACPDU from its link partner.
107
Aggtr:
Aggtr is an abbreviation of “aggregator”. Every port is also an aggregator,
and its own aggregator ID is the same as its own Port No. We can regard
an aggregator as a representative of a trunking group. Ports with same
Group ID and using same trunking method will have the opportunity to
aggregate to a particular aggregator port. This aggregator port is usually
the port with the smallest Port No. within the trunking group.
Status:
This field represents the trunking status of a port which uses a trunking
method other than “None”. It also represents the management link status
of a port which uses the “None” trunking method. “---“ means “not ready”
Fig.3-36
108
Function name:
Aggregator View
Function description:
To display the current port trunking information from the aggregator point of
view.
Parameter description:
Aggregator:
It shows the aggregator ID (from 1 to 26) of every port. In fact, every port
is also an aggregator, and its own aggregator ID is the same as its own
Port No..
Method:
Show the method a port uses to aggregate with other ports.
Member Ports:
Show all member ports of an aggregator (port).
Ready Ports:
Show only the ready member ports within an aggregator (port).
Fig.3-37
109
Function name:
LACP Detail (LACP Aggregator Detailed Information)
Function description:
Show the detailed information of the LACP trunking group.
Parameter description:
Actor:
The switch you are watching on.
Partner:
The peer system from this aggregator’s view.
System Priority:
Show the System Priority part of a system ID.
MAC Address:
Show the MAC Address part of a system ID.
Port:
Show the port number part of an LACP port ID.
Key:
Show the key value of the aggregator. The key value is determined by
the LACP protocol entity and can’t be set through management.
Trunk Status:
Show the trunk status of a single member port.”---“ means “not ready”
Fig. 3-38
110
Function name:
LACP System Configuration
Function description:
It is used to set the priority part of the LACP system ID. LACP will only
aggregate together the ports whose peer link partners are all on a single
system. Each system supports LACP will be assigned a globally unique
System Identifier for this purpose. A system ID is a 64-bit field comprising a
48-bit MAC Address and 16-bit priority value.
Parameter description:
System Priority:
The System Priority can be set by the user. Its range is from 1 to 65535.
Default: 32768.
LACP Hash Method:
DA+SA, DA and SA are three Hash methods offered for the Link
Aggregation of the switch. Packets will decide the path to transmit
according to the mode of Hash you choose.
Default: DA and SA
Fig.3-39
111
3-12. 802.1x Configuration
802.1x port-based network access control provides a method to restrict users to
access network resources via authenticating user’s information. This restricts users
from gaining access to the network resources through a 802.1x-enabled port
without authentication. If a user wishes to touch the network through a port under
802.1x control, he (she) must firstly input his (her) account name for authentication
and waits for gaining authorization before sending or receiving any packets from a
802.1x-enabled port.
Before the devices or end stations can access the network resources through the
ports under 802.1x control, the devices or end stations connected to a controlled
port send the authentication request to the authenticator, the authenticator pass the
request to the authentication server to authenticate and verify, and the server tell
the authenticator if the request get the grant of authorization for the ports.
According to IEEE802.1x, there are three components implemented. They are
Authenticator, Supplicant and Authentication server.
Supplicant:
It is an entity being authenticated by an authenticator. It is used to
communicate with the Authenticator PAE (Port Access Entity) by
exchanging the authentication message when the Authenticator PAE
request to it.
Authenticator:
An entity facilitates the authentication of the supplicant entity. It controls
the state of the port, authorized or unauthorized, according to the result
of authentication message exchanged between it and a supplicant PAE.
The authenticator may request the supplicant to re-authenticate itself at a
configured time period. Once start re-authenticating the supplicant, the
controlled port keeps in the authorized state until re-authentication fails.
A port acting as an authenticator is thought to be two logical ports, a
controlled port and an uncontrolled port. A controlled port can only pass
the packets when the authenticator PAE is authorized, and otherwise, an
uncontrolled port will unconditionally pass the packets with PAE group
MAC address, which has the value of 01-80-c2-00-00-03 and will not be
forwarded by MAC bridge, at any time.
Authentication server:
A device provides authentication service, through EAP, to an
authenticator by using authentication credentials supplied by the
supplicant to determine if the supplicant is authorized to access the
network resource.
112
The overview of operation flow is quite simple. When Supplicant PAE
issues a request to Authenticator PAE, Authenticator and Supplicant
exchanges authentication message. Then, Authenticator passes the
request to RADIUS server to verify. Finally, RADIUS server replies if the
request is granted or denied.
While in the authentication process, the message packets, encapsulated
by Extensible Authentication Protocol over LAN (EAPOL), are exchanged
between an authenticator PAE and a supplicant PAE. The Authenticator
exchanges the message to authentication server using EAP
encapsulation. Before successfully authenticating, the supplicant can
only touch the authenticator to perform authentication message
exchange or access the network from the uncontrolled port.
Fig. 3-40
This is the typical configuration, a single supplicant, an authenticator and an
authentication server. B and C is in the internal network, D is Authentication server
running RADIUS, switch at the central location acts Authenticator connecting to PC
A and A is a PC outside the controlled port, running Supplicant PAE. In this case,
PC A wants to access the services on device B and C, first, it must exchange the
authentication message with the authenticator on the port it connected via EAPOL
packet. The authenticator transfers the supplicant’s credentials to Authentication
server for verification. If success, the authentication server will notice the
authenticator the grant. PC A, then, is allowed to access B and C via the switch. If
there are two switches directly connected together instead of single one, for the link
connecting two switches, it may have to act two port roles at the end of the link:
authenticator and supplicant, because the traffic is bi-directional.
LAN
Authentica
tor
PAE
Services
Offered
by
Authenticator’s System Authentication
Server’s System
Authenticat
ion
S
Supplic
a
nt
PAE
Supplicant’s
System
Uncontrolled portControlled port
M
AC Enable
Port Authorize
113
The Figure shows the procedure of 802.1x authentication. There are steps for the
login based on 802.1x port access control management. The protocol used in the
right side is EAPOL and the left side is EAP.
1. At the initial stage, the supplicant A is unauthenticated and a port
on switch acting as an authenticator is in unauthorized state. So the
access is blocked in this stage.
2. Initiating a session. Either authenticator or supplicant can initiate
the message exchange. If supplicant initiates the process, it sends
EAPOL-start packet to the authenticator PAE and authenticator will
immediately respond EAP-Request/Identity packet.
3. The authenticator always periodically sends EAP-Request/Identity
to the supplicant for requesting the identity it wants to be
authenticated.
4. If the authenticator doesn’t send EAP-Request/Identity, the
supplicant will initiate EAPOL-Start the process by sending to the
authenticator.
5. And next, the Supplicant replies an EAP-Response/Identity to the
authenticator. The authenticator will embed the user ID into Radius-
Access-Request command and send it to the authentication server
for confirming its identity.
6. After receiving the Radius-Access-Request, the authentication
server sends Radius-Access-Challenge to the supplicant for asking
for inputting user password via the authenticator PAE.
7. The supplicant will convert user password into the credential
information, perhaps, in MD5 format and replies an EAP-Response
with this credential information as well as the specified
authentication algorithm (MD5 or OTP) to Authentication server via
the authenticator PAE. As per the value of the type field in message
PDU, the authentication server knows which algorithm should be
applied to authenticate the credential information, EAP-MD5
(Message Digest 5) or EAP-OTP (One Time Password) or other
else algorithm.
Supplicant A
B
C
Authentication server
Authenticator
Fig. 3
-
41
114
8. If user ID and password is correct, the authentication server will
send a Radius-Access-Accept to the authenticator. If not correct,
the authentication server will send a Radius-Access-Reject.
9. When the authenticator PAE receives a Radius-Access-Accept, it
will send an EAP-Success to the supplicant. At this time, the
supplicant is authorized and the port connected to the supplicant
and under 802.1x control is in the authorized state. The supplicant
and other devices connected to this port can access the network. If
the authenticator receives a Radius-Access-Reject, it will send an
EAP-Failure to the supplicant. This means the supplicant is failed to
authenticate. The port it connected is in the unauthorized state, the
supplicant and the devices connected to this port won’t be allowed
to access the network.
10. When the supplicant issue an EAP-Logoff message to
Authentication server, the port you are using is set to be
unauthorized.
Fig. 3-42
Access allowed
P
C
LA
N
Brid
ge
Radius
Server
Access blocked
Port
connect
Radius-Access-
Challenge
Radius-Access-
Accept
Radius-Access-
Request
Radius-Access-
Request
E
APOL-
Start
EAP-
Response/Identity
EAP-Response
(cred
)
EAP-
Request/Identity
EAP-Request
EAP-
Success
EAP
E
AP
OL
E
A
P
A
uthenticato
r
R
adi
us
EAP-
Logoff
115
Only MultiHost 802.1X is the type of authentication supported in the switch. In this
mode, for the devices connected to this port, once a supplicant is authorized, the
devices connected to this port can access the network resource through this port.
802.1x Port-based Network Access Control function supported by the switch is little
bit complex, for it just support basic Multihost mode, which can distinguish the
device’s MAC address and it’s VID. The following table is the summary of the
combination of the authentication status and the port status versus the status of port
mode, set in 802.1x Port mode, port control state, set in 802.1x port setting. Here
Entry Authorized means MAC entry is authorized.
Port Mode Port Control Authentication Port Status
Disable Don’t Care Don’t Care Port Uncontrolled
Multihost Auto Successful Port Authorized
Multihost Auto Failure Port Unauthorized
Multihost ForceUnauthorized Don’t Care Port Unauthorized
Multihost ForceAuthorized Don’t Care Port Authorized
Table 3-3
116
Fig. 3-43
Function name:
802.1x State Setting
Function description:
This function is used to configure the global parameters for RADIUS
authentication in 802.1x port security application.
Parameter description:
Radius Server:
RADIUS server IP address for authentication.
Default: 192.168.1.1
Port Number:
The port number to communicate with RADIUS server for the
authentication service. The valid value ranges 1-65535.
Default port number is 1812.
Secret Key:
The secret key between authentication server and authenticator. It is a
string with the length 1 – 31 characters. The character string may contain
upper case, lower case and 0-9. It is character sense. It is not allowed for
putting a blank between any two characters.
Default: Radius
Accounting Service:
To enabled/disable the accounting service.
Accounting Server:
Accounting server IP address for accounting service.
Default: 192.168.1.1
Accounting Port :
117
The port number to communicate with Accounting server for the
accounting service. The valid value ranges 1-65535.
Default port number is 1813.
118
Function name:
802.1x Mode Setting
Function description:
Set the operation mode of 802.1X for each port. In this device, it supports only
Multi-host operation mode.
Parameter description:
Port Number:
Indicate which port is selected to configure the 802.1x operation mode.
802.1x Mode:
802.1x operation mode. There are two options, including Disable and
Multi-host mode. Default is Disable.
Disable
It will have the chosen port acting as a plain port that is no 802.1 x
port access control works on the port.
802.1x with Multi-host
In Multi-host mode, for the devices connected to this port, once a
supplicant is authorized, the devices connected to this port can access
the network resource through this port.
Fig. 3-44
119
Function name:
Port Security Management
Function description:
Shows each port status. In Multihost mode, it shows the port number and its
status, authorized or unauthorized.
Parameter description:
Disable Mode:
When selecting Disable mode for a port in the function 802.1X Port Mode
Configuration, the port is in the uncontrolled port state and does not
apply 802.1X authenticator on it. Any node attached on this port can
access the network without the admittance of 802.1X authenticator. The
Port Status will show the following screen.
Port Number:
The port number to be chosen to show its 802.1X Port Status. The valid
number is Port 1 – 26.
Port Status:
The current 802.1X status of the port. In Disable mode, this field is
Disabled.
802.1x with Multihost mode:
When selecting 802.1x with Multihost mode for a port in the function
802.1X Port Mode Configuration, Devices can access the network
through this port once the authenticator is authorized. The Port Status
will show the following screen. If the port is granted to access the
network, the port status is authorized, otherwise, unauthorized.
Fig. 3-45
120
Function name:
Param. Setting
Function description:
This function is used to configure the parameters for each port in 802.1x port
security application. Refer to the following parameters description for details.
Parameter description:
Port:
It is the port number to be selected for configuring its associated 802.1x
parameters which are Port control, reAuthMax, txPeriod, Quiet Period,
reAuthEnabled, reAuthPeriod, max. Request, suppTimeout,
serverTimeout and Controlled direction.
Port Control:
This is used to set the operation mode of authorization. There are three
type of operation mode supported, ForceUnauthorized, ForceAuthorized,
Auto.
ForceUnauthorized:
The controlled port is forced to hold in the unauthorized state.
ForceAuthorized:
The controlled port is forced to hold in the authorized state.
Auto:
The controlled port is set to be in authorized state or unauthorized
state depends on the result of the authentication exchange between
the authentication server and the supplicant.
Default: Auto
reAuthMax (1-10):
The number of authentication attempt that is permitted before the port
becomes unauthorized.
Default: 2
txPeriod(1-65535 s):
A time period to transmitted EAPOL PDU between the authenticator and
the supplicant.
Default: 30
Quiet Period (0-65535 s):
A period of time during which we will not attempt to access the supplicant.
Default: 60 seconds
121
reAuthEnabled:
Choose whether regular authentication will take place in this port.
Default: ON
reAuthPeriod(1-65535 s):
A non-zero number seconds between the periodic re-authentication of
the supplicant.
Default: 3600
max. Request(1-10):
The maximum of number times that the authenticator will retransmit an
EAP Request to the supplicant before it times out the authentication
session. The valid range: 1 – 10.
Default: 2 times
suppTimeout(1-65535 s):
A timeout condition in the exchange between the authenticator and the
supplicant. The valid range: 1 –65535.
Default: 30 seconds.
serverTimeout(1-65535 s):
A timeout condition in the exchange between the authenticator and the
authentication server. The valid range: 1 –65535.
Default: 30 seconds
Fig. 3-46
122
3-13. Alarm Configuration
Function name:
Events Configuration
Function description:
The Trap Events Configuration function is used to enable the switch to send
out the trap information while pre-defined trap events occurred. The switch
offers 21 different trap events to users for switch management. The trap
information can be sent out in three ways, including email, mobile phone SMS
(short message system) and trap. The message will be sent while users tick
() the trap event individually on the web page shown as below.
Parameter description:
Trap: Cold Start, Warm Start, Link Down, Link Up, Authentication
Failure, User login, User logout
STP: STP Topology Changed, STP Disabled, STP Enabled
LACP: LACP Disabled, LACP Enabled, LACP Member Added,
LACP Port Failure
GVRP: GVRP Disabled, GVRP Enabled
VLAN: Port-based VLAN Enabled, Tag-based VLAN Enabled
Module Swap: Module Inserted, Module Removed, Dual Media Swapped
Events Confi
g
uration
Email/SMS Confi
g
uration
A
larm Confi
g
uration
123
Fig. 3-47
Function name:
Email/SMS Configuration
Function description:
Alarm configuration is used to configure the persons who should receive the
alarm message via either email or SMS, or both. It depends on your settings.
An email address or a mobile phone number has to be set in the web page of
alarm configuration. Then, user can read the trap information from the email or
the mobile phone. This function provides 6 email addresses and 6 mobile
phone numbers at most. The 21 different trap events will be sent out to SNMP
Manager when trap event occurs. After ticking trap events, you can fill in your
desired email addresses and mobile phone numbers. Then, please click
<Apply> button to complete the alarm configuration. It will take effect in a few
seconds.
Note: SMS may not work in your mobile phone system. It is customized for different
systems.
124
Parameter description:
Email:
Mail Server: the IP address of the server transferring your email.
Username: your username on the mail server.
Password: your password on the mail server.
Email Address 1 – 6: email address that would like to receive the
alarm message.
SMS:
SMS Server: the IP address of the server transferring your SMS.
Username: your username in ISP.
Password: your username in ISP.
Mobile Phone 1-6: the mobile phone number that would like to
receive the alarm message.
Fig. 3-48
125
3-14. Configuration
The switch supports three copies of configuration, including the default configuration,
working configuration and user configuration for your configuration management.
All of them are listed and described below respectively.
Default Configuration:
This is factory setting and cannot be altered. In Web UI, two restore default
functions are offered for the user to restore to the default setting of the switch. One
is the function of “Restore Default Configuration included default IP address”, the IP
address will restore to default “192.168.1.1” as you use it. The other is the function
of “Restore Default Configuration without changing current IP address”; the IP
address will keep the same one that you had saved before by performing this
function.
Working Configuration:
It is the configuration you are using currently and can be changed any time. The
configurations you are using are saved into this configuration file. This is updated
each time as you press <Apply> button.
User Configuration:
It is the configuration file for the specified or backup purposes and can be updated
while having confirmed the configuration. You can retrieve it by performing Restore
User Configuration.
Fig. 3-49
126
3-14-1. Save/Restore
Function name:
Save As Start Configuration
Function description:
Save the current configuration as a start configuration file in flash memory.
Function name:
Save As User Configuration
Function description:
Save the current configuration as a user configuration file in flash memory.
Function name:
Restore Default Configuration (includes default IP address)
Function description:
Restore Default Configuration function can retrieve factory setting to replace
the start configuration. And the IP address of the switch will also be restored
to 192.168.1.1.
Function name:
Restore Default Configuration (excludes current IP address)
Function description:
Restore Default Configuration function can retrieve factory setting to replace
the start configuration. However, the switch’s current IP address that the user
set up will not be changed and will NOT be restored to 192.168.1.1 as well.
Function name:
Restore User Configuration
Function description:
Restore User Configuration function can retrieve the previous confirmed
working configuration stored in the flash memory to update start configuration.
When completing to restore the configuration, the system’s start configuration
is updated and will be changed its system settings after rebooting the system.
127
3-14-2. Config File
Function name:
Config File
Function description:
With this function, user can back up or reload the config files of Save As Start
or Save As User via TFTP. To notice that after import config file, the original IP
related setting won’t be changed by config file. This feature is designed for
preventing remote device lose control after import.
Parameter description:
Export File Path:
Export Start:
Export Save As Start’s config file stored in the flash.
Export User-Conf:
Export Save As User’s config file stored in the flash.
Import File Path:
Import Start:
Import Save As Start’s config file stored in the flash.
Import User-Conf:
Import Save As User’s config file stored in the flash.
Fig. 3-50
128
3-15. Security
Function name:
Mirror Configuration
Function description:
Mirror Configuration is to monitor the traffic of the network. For example, we
assume that Port A and Port B are Monitoring Port and Monitored Port
respectively, thus, the traffic received by Port B will be copied to Port A for
monitoring.
Parameter description:
Mode:
Used for the activation or de-activation of Port Mirror function. Default is
disable.
Monitoring Port:
Set up the port for monitoring. Valid port is Port 1~26 and default is
Port 1.
Monitored Ingress Port:
Set up the port for being monitored. It only monitor the packets received
by the port you set up. Just tick the check box () beside the port x and
valid port is Port 1~26.
Monitored Egress Port:
Set up the port for being monitored. It only monitors the packets
transmitted by the port you set up. Just tick the check box () beside
the port x and valid port is Port 1~26.
Fig. 3-51
129
Function name:
Isolated Group
Function description:
Isolated Group function can let the port be independent of other ports in the
Isolated group, and the communication is also forbidden between these ports.
But, the ports of the Isolated group are still able to communicate with the ports
of the non-Isolated group. With this design, it will be helpful to the
administrator to immediately find and solve the port that results in the
occurrence of looping problems in the network.
Parameter description:
Mode:
Used for the activation or de-activation of Isolated Group function.
Default is disable
Isolated Group:
User can choose any port to be the member of this group. Just tick the
check box () beside the port x and valid port is Port 1~26. In this group,
all of these member ports cannot forward packets with each other. Thus,
the switch will not be capable of forwarding any packets in case its all
ports become the members of the Isolated group.
Fig. 3-52
130
Function name:
Restricted Group
Function description:
The function of the Restricted Group can decide the direction of transmitting
packets for the specific port. The packets received by the port with the
“Ingress” mode of Restricted Group will be sent to the ports with the “Egress”
mode of Restricted Group.
Parameter description:
Mode:
Used for the activation or de-activation of Restricted Group function.
Default is disable.
Ingress:
Select the ports that you would like their Restricted Group to set into
“Ingress” mode. Just tick the check box beside the port x and valid port is
Port 1~26.
Egress:
Select the ports that you would like their Restricted Group to set into
“Egress” mode. Just tick the check box beside the port x and valid port is
Port 1~26.
Fig. 3-53
131
3-16. Bandwidth Management
Function name:
Ingress Bandwidth Setting
Function description:
Ingress Bandwidth Setting function is used to set up the limit of Ingress
bandwidth for each port.
Fig. 3-54
Parameter description:
Port No.:
Choose the port that you would like this function to work on it. Valid
range of the port is 1~26.
Rate:
Set up the limit of Ingress bandwidth for the port you choose. Incoming
traffic will be discarded if the rate exceeds the value you set up in Data
Rate field. Pause frames are also generated if flow control is enabled.
The format of the packet limits to unicast, broadcast and multicast. Valid
value of Port 1~24 ranges from 66~102400, and Port 25~26 ranges from
66~1024000 with the minimum unit of 1. Default value of Port 1~24 is
102400 and Port 25~26 is 1024000.
132
Function name:
Egress Bandwidth Setting
Function description:
Egress Bandwidth Setting function is used to set up the limit of Egress
bandwidth for each port.
Parameter description:
Port No.:
Choose the port that you would like this function to work on it. Valid
range of the port is 1~26.
Rate:
Set up the limit of Egress bandwidth for the port you choose. Packet
transmission will be delayed if the rate exceeds the value you set up in
Data Rate field. Traffic may be lost if egress buffers run full. The format of
the packet limits to unicast, broadcast and multicast. Valid value of Port
1~24 ranges from 66~102400, and Port 25~26 ranges from 66~1024000
with the minimum unit of 1. Default value of Port 1~24 is 102400 and
Port 25~26 is 1024000.
133
Function name:
Storm Setting
Function description:
Bandwidth Management function is used to set up the limit of Ingress and
Egress bandwidth for each port.
Fig. 3-55
Parameter description:
Storm Type:
Disable:
Disable the function of the bandwidth storm control.
Broadcast Storm Control:
Enable the function of bandwidth storm control for broadcast
packets.
Multicast Storm Control:
Enable the function of bandwidth storm control for multicast packets.
Unknown Unicast Storm Control:
Enable the function of bandwidth storm control for unknown unicast
packets. These packets are the MAC address that had not
completed the learning process yet.
Broadcast, Multicast, Unknown Unicast Storm Control:
Enable the function of bandwidth storm control for all packets in
transmission.
134
Storm Rate:
Set up the limit of bandwidth for storm type you choose. Valid value of
the storm rate ranges from 1-100 with the minimum unit of 1. And only
integer is acceptable. Default is 100.
135
3-17. QoS(Quality of Service) Configuration
The switch supports 5 kinds of QoS, are as follows, MAC Priority, 802.1p Priority, IP
TOS Priority, and DiffServ DSCP Priority. Port Based Priority has a special name
called VIP Port in the switch. Any packets enter VIP Port will have highest
transmitting priority. MAC Priority act on the destination address of MAC in packets.
VLAN tagged Priority field is affected by 802.1p Priority setting. IP TOS Priority
affects TOS fields of IP header, and you can find it has 8-bit SERVICE TYPE field
that specifies how the datagram should be handled. The field could be divided into
six subfields as follows, PRECEDENCE (3 bits), D-Type (Delay Priority, 1 bit), T-
Type (Throughput Priority, 1bit), R-Type (Reliability Priority, 1bit), M-Type (Monetary
Cost Priority, 1bit), and UNUSED (1bit).
User can randomly control these fields to achieve some special QoS goals. When
bits D, T, R, or M set, the D bit requests low delay, the T bit requests high
throughput, the R bit requests high reliability, and the M bit requests low cost.
DiffServ DSCP Priority act on DSCP field of IP Header. In the late 1990s, the IETF
redefined the meaning of the 8-bit SERVICE TYPE field to accommodate a set of
differentiated services (DS). Under the differentiated services interpretation, the first
six bits comprise a codepoint, which is sometimes abbreviated DSCP, and the last
two bits are left unused.
High Priority Packet streams will experience less delay into the switch. For handing
different priority packets, each egress port has designed up to 4 queues. Each QoS
is influenced by two scheduling, WRR (Weighted Round Robin) and Strict Priority as
well. When you finish setting the priority mapping to the queue, WRR scheduling will
distribute the bandwidth according to the weight you set for 4 queues (queue 0 to
queue 3). Another scheduling is Strict Priority dedicated for the function named VIP
Port of QoS. While we select some ports as the VIP Port, these ports will own the
highest transmitting priority in egress queue of the switch.
136
The QoS functions as we mentioned above are able to enable at the same time. But,
the following precedence will decide whether these functions work or not.
1. enable both VIP and TOS
Choose priorities of VIP and TOS.
2. enable both VIP and DSCP
Choose priorities of VIP and DSCP.
3. enable both TOS and DSCP
Choose "DSCP".
4. enable both VIP and DSCP
Choose priorities of VIP and DSCP.
5. enable both 802.1p and TOS
Choose "TOS".
6. enable both 802.1p and DSCP
Choose "DSCP".
7. enable both 802.1p and DSCP and TOS
Choose "DSCP".
8. enable both 802.1p and DSCP and TOS and VIP
Choose priorities of VIP and DSCP.
** VIP/DSCP > TOS > 802.1p (Final result)
137
Function name:
QoS Global Setting
Function description:
When you want to use QoS function, please enable QoS Mode in advance.
Then you can use MAC Priority, 802.1p Priority, IP TOS Priority, DiffServ
DSCP Priority, or VIP Port functions and take effect. In this function, you can
Enable QoS Mode. Choose any of Priority Control, such as 802.1p, TOS,
DSCP. Moreover, you can select Scheduling Method of WRR (Weighted
Round Robin) or Strict Priority. Next, you can arrange Weight values for queue
0 to queue 3.
Parameter description:
QoS Mode:
You can Enable QoS Mode and let QoS function become effective.
Default is Disable.
Priority Control:
Just tick the check box () of 802.1P, TOS, or DSCP QoS and click
Apply button to be in operation.
Scheduling Method:
There are two Scheduling Method, WRR and Strict Priority. Default is
WRR. After you choose any of Scheduling Method, please click Apply
button to be in operation.
Weight (1~55):
Over here, you can make an arrangement to Weight values of Queue 0
to Queue 3. The range of Weight you can set is 1~55. In default, the
weight of Queue 0 is 1, the weight of Queue 1 is 2, the weight of Queue
2 is 4, and the weight of Queue 3 is 8.
Fig. 3-56
138
Function name:
VIP Port Setting
Function description:
When the port is set as VIP Port, the packets enter this port and will have
highest transmitting priority. For example, as you choose port 2 is VIP Port,
simultaneously transmit packets from port 2 and port 3 to port 1 at speed of
100MB and let congestion happen. The packets for port 3 will be dropped
because the packets from port 2 own highest precedence. For the sake of this
function taking effect, you must choose Scheduling Method of Strict Priority
ahead.
Parameter description:
VIP Port:
Just tick the check box () to select any port (port 1~26) as the VIP Port.
Then, click the <Apply> button to have the setting taken effect.
Fig. 3-57
139
Function name:
802.1p Setting
Function description:
This function will affect the priority of VLAN tag. Based on priority of VLAN tag,
it can arrange 0~8 priorities, priorities can map to 4 queues of the switch
(queue 0~3) and possess different bandwidth distribution according to your
weight setting.
Parameter description:
802.1p Priority Mapping:
Each Priority can select any of Queue 0 ~ Queue 3. In Default, Priority 0
is mapping to Queue 0, Priority 1 is mapping to Queue 0, Priority 2 is
mapping to Queue 1, Priority 3 is mapping to Queue 1, Priority 4 is
mapping to Queue 2, Priority 5 is mapping to Queue 2, Priority 6 is
mapping to Queue 3, and Priority 0 is mapping to Queue 3.
Fig. 3-58
140
Function name:
D-Type TOS
Function description:
IP TOS Priority affect TOS fields of IP header, you can find it has 8-bit
SERVICE TYPE field that specifies how the datagram should be handled. The
field could be divided into six subfields as follows, PRECEDENCE (3 bits), D-
Type (Delay Priority, 1 bit), T-Type (Throughput Priority, 1bit), R-Type
(Reliability Priority, 1bit), M-Type (Monetary Cost Priority, 1bit), and UNUSED.
PRECEDENCE 3-bits can arrange 8 kinds of priorities corresponding to the
0~7 priority in the following priority diagram. TOS Delay Priority Mapping
works while D-TYPE in TOS field of IP header of the packets received by the
switch is configured.
Parameter description:
TOS Delay Priority Mapping:
Each Priority can select any of Queue 0 ~ Queue 3. In Default, Priority 0
is mapping to Queue 0, Priority 1 is mapping to Queue 0, Priority 2 is
mapping to Queue 1, Priority 3 is mapping to Queue 1, Priority 4 is
mapping to Queue 2, Priority 5 is mapping to Queue 2, Priority 6 is
mapping to Queue 3, and Priority 0 is mapping to Queue 3.
Fig. 3-59
141
Function name:
T-Type TOS
Function description:
IP TOS Priority affect TOS fields of IP header, you can find it has 8-bit
SERVICE TYPE field that specifies how the datagram should be handled. The
field could be divided into six subfields as follows, PRECEDENCE (3 bits), D-
Type (Delay Priority, 1 bit), T-Type (Throughput Priority, 1bit), R-Type
(Reliability Priority, 1bit), M-Type (Monetary Cost Priority, 1bit), and UNUSED.
PRECEDENCE 3-bits can arrange 8 kinds of priorities corresponding to the
0~7 priority in the following priority diagram. TOS Throughput Priority Mapping
works while T-TYPE in TOS field of IP header of the packets received by the
switch is configured.
Parameter description:
TOS Throughput Priority Mapping:
Each Priority can select any of Queue 0 ~ Queue 3. In Default, Priority 0
is mapping to Queue 0, Priority 1 is mapping to Queue 0, Priority 2 is
mapping to Queue 1, Priority 3 is mapping to Queue 1, Priority 4 is
mapping to Queue 2, Priority 5 is mapping to Queue 2, Priority 6 is
mapping to Queue 3, and Priority 0 is mapping to Queue 3.
Fig. 3-60
142
Function name:
R-Type TOS
Function description:
IP TOS Priority affect TOS fields of IP header, you can find it has 8-bit
SERVICE TYPE field that specifies how the datagram should be handled. The
field could be divided into six subfields as follows, PRECEDENCE (3 bits), D-
Type (Delay Priority, 1 bit), T-Type (Throughput Priority, 1bit), R-Type
(Reliability Priority, 1bit), M-Type (Monetary Cost Priority, 1bit), and UNUSED.
PRECEDENCE 3-bits can arrange 8 kinds of priorities corresponding to the
0~7 priority in the following priority diagram. TOS Reliability Priority Mapping
works while R-TYPE in TOS field of IP header of the packets received by the
switch is configured.
Parameter description:
TOS Reliability Priority Mapping:
Each Priority can select any of Queue 0 ~ Queue 3. In Default, Priority 0
is mapping to Queue 0, Priority 1 is mapping to Queue 0, Priority 2 is
mapping to Queue 1, Priority 3 is mapping to Queue 1, Priority 4 is
mapping to Queue 2, Priority 5 is mapping to Queue 2, Priority 6 is
mapping to Queue 3, and Priority 0 is mapping to Queue 3.
Fig. 3-61
143
Function name:
M-Type TOS
Function description:
IP TOS Priority affect TOS fields of IP header, you can find it has 8-bit
SERVICE TYPE field that specifies how the datagram should be handled. The
field could be divided into six subfields as follows, PRECEDENCE (3 bits), D-
Type (Delay Priority, 1 bit), T-Type (Throughput Priority, 1bit), R-Type
(Reliability Priority, 1bit), M-Type (Monetary Cost Priority, 1bit), and UNUSED.
PRECEDENCE 3-bits can arrange 8 kinds of priorities corresponding to the
0~7 priority in the following priority diagram. TOS Monetary Cost Priority
Mapping works while M-TYPE in TOS field of IP header of the packets
received by the switch is configured.
Parameter description:
TOS Monetary Cost Priority Mapping:
Each Priority can select any of Queue 0 ~ Queue 3. In Default, Priority 0
is mapping to Queue 0, Priority 1 is mapping to Queue 0, Priority 2 is
mapping to Queue 1, Priority 3 is mapping to Queue 1, Priority 4 is
mapping to Queue 2, Priority 5 is mapping to Queue 2, Priority 6 is
mapping to Queue 3, and Priority 0 is mapping to Queue 3.
Fig. 3-62
144
Function name:
DSCP Setting
Function description:
In the late 1990s, the IETF redefined the meaning of the 8-bit SERVICE TYPE
field to accommodate a set of differentiated services (DS). Under the
differentiated services interpretation, the first six bits comprise a codepoint,
which is sometimes abbreviated DSCP, and the last two bits are left unused.
DSCP can form total 64 (0~63) kinds of Traffic Class based on the
arrangement of 6-bit field in DSCP of the IP packet. In the switch, user is
allowed to set up these 64 kinds of Class that belong to any of queue 0~3.
Parameter description:
DSCP Priority Mapping:
64 kinds of priority traffic as mentioned above, user can set up any of
Queue 0~3. In default, Priority 0~15 are mapping to Queue 0, Priority
16~31 are mapping to Queue 1, Priority 32~47 are mapping to Queue 0,
Priority 48~63 are mapping to Queue 0.
Fig. 3-63
145
3-18. Diagnostics
Three functions, including Diagnostics, Loopback Test and Ping Test are contained
in this function folder for device self-diagnostics. Each of them will be described in
detail orderly in the following sections.
Function name:
Diagnostics
Function description:
Diagnostics function provides a set of basic system diagnosis. It let users
know that whether the system is health or needs to be fixed. The basic system
check includes EEPROM test, UART test, DRAM test and Flash test.
Fig. 3-64
Diagnostics
Loo
p
back Test
Dia
g
nostics
Ping Test
146
Function name:
Loopback Test
Function description:
In the Loopback Test function, there are two different loopback tests. One is
Internal Loopback Test and the other is External Loopback Test. The former
test function will not send the test signal outside the switch box. The test signal
only wraps around in the switch box. As to the latter test function, it will send
the test signal to its link partner. If you do not have them connected to active
network devices, i.e. the ports are link down, the switch will report the port
numbers failed. If they all are ok, it just shows OK.
Note: Whatever you choose Internal Loopback Test or External Loopback Test,
these two functions will interfere with the normal system working, and all
packets in sending and receiving also will stop temporarily.
Fig. 3-65
147
Function name:
Ping Test
Function description:
Ping Test function is a tool for detecting if the target device is alive or not
through ICMP protocol which abounds with report messages. The switch
provides Ping Test function to let you know that if the target device is available
or not. You can simply fill in a known IP address and then click <Ping> button.
After a few seconds later, the switch will report you the pinged device is alive
or dead in the field of Ping Result.
Parameter description:
IP Address:
An IP address with the version of v4, e.g. 192.168.1.1.
Default Gateway:
IP address of the default gateway.
For more details, please see the section of IP address in Chapter 2.
Fig. 3-66
148
3-19. TFTP Server
Function name:
TFTP Server
Function description:
Set up IP address of TFTP server.
Parameter description:
Specify the IP address where the TFTP server locates. Fill in the IP address of
your TFTP server, then press <Apply> button to have the setting taken effect.
Fig. 3-67
149
3-20. Log
This function shows the log data. The switch provides system log data for users.
There are 16 private trap logs, 5 public trap logs. The switch supports total 120 log
entries. For more details on log items, please refer to the section of Trap/Alarm
Configuration and SNMP Configuration.
Function name:
Log Data
Function description:
The Trap Log Data is displaying the log items including all SNMP Private Trap
events, SNMP Public traps and user logs occurred in the system. In the report
table, No., Time and Events are three fields contained in each trap record.
Fig. 3-68
Parameter description:
No.:
Display the order number that the trap happened.
Time:
Display the time that the trap happened.
Events:
Display the trap event name.
Auto Upload Enable:
Switch the enabled or disabled status of the auto upload function.
150
Upload Log:
Upload log data through tftp.
Clear Log:
Clear log data.
151
3-21. Firmware Upgrade
Software upgrade tool is used to help upgrade the software function in order to fix or
improve the function. The switch provides a TFTP client for software upgrade. This
can be done through Ethernet.
Function name:
Firmware Upgrade
Function description:
The switch supports TFTP upgrade tool for upgrading software. If you assure
to upgrade software to a newer version one, you must follow two procedures:
1.) Specifying the IP address where TFTP server locates. In this field, the IP
address of your TFTP server should be filled in.
2.) Specifying what the filename and where the file is. You must specify full path
and filename.
Then, press <Upgrade> button if your download is not successful, the switch
will also be back to “Software Upgrade”, and it will not upgrade the software as well.
When download is completed, the switch starts upgrading software. A reboot
message will be prompted after completing upgrading software. At this time, you
must reboot the switch to have new software worked.
Note: Software upgrade is hazardous if power is off. You must do it carefully.
Parameter description:
TFTP Server: A TFTP server stored the image file you want to upgrade.
Path and Filename: File path and filename stored the image file you want to
upgrade.
Fig. 3-69
152
3-22. Reboot
We offer you many ways to reboot the switch, including power up, hardware reset
and software reset. You can press the RESET button in the front panel to reset the
switch. After upgrading software, changing IP configuration or changing VLAN
mode configuration, then you must reboot to have the new configuration taken
effect. Here we are discussing is software reset for the “reboot” in the main menu.
Function name:
Reboot
Function description:
Reboot the switch. Reboot takes the same effect as the RESET button on the
front panel of the switch. It will take around thirty (30) seconds to complete the
system boot.
Parameter description:
Save and Reboot:
Save the current settings as start configuration before rebooting the
switch.
Reboot:
Reboot the system directly.
Fig. 3-70
153
3-23. Logout
You can manually logout by performing Logout function. In the switch, it provides
another way to logout. You can configure it to logout automatically.
Function name:
Logout
Function description:
The switch allows you to logout the system to prevent other users from the
system without the permission. If you do not logout and exit the browser, the
switch will automatically have you logout. Besides this manually logout and
implicit logout, you can pull down the <Auto Logout> list at the left-top corner
to explicitly ON/OFF this logout function.
Parameter description:
Auto Logout:
Default is ON. If it is “ON”, and no action and no key is stroke as well in
any function screen more than 3 minutes, the switch will have you logout
automatically.
Fig. 3-71
154
4. Operation of CLI
Management
4-1. CLI Management
Refer to Chapter 2 for basic installation. The following description is the brief of the
network connection.
-- Locate the correct DB-9 null modem cable with female DB-9 connector. Null
modem cable comes with the management switch. Refer to the Appendix B for
null modem cable configuration.
-- Attach the DB-9 female connector to the male DB-9 serial port connector on the
Management board.
-- Attach the other end of the DB-9 cable to an ASCII terminal emulator or PC Com-
1, 2 port. For example, PC runs Microsoft Windows HyperTerminal utility.
-- At “Com Port Properties” Menu, configure the parameters as below: (see the next
section) Baud rate 57600
Stop bits 1
Data bits 8
Parity N
Flow control none
4-1-1. Login
The command-line interface (CLI) is a text-based interface. User can access the
CLI through either a direct serial connection to the device or a Telnet session. The
default values of the managed switch are listed below:
Username: admin
Password: admin
After you login successfully, the prompt will be shown as “#“ if you are the first login
person and your authorization is administrator; otherwise it may show “$“. See the
following two figures. The former means you behave as an administrator and have
the access right of the system. As to the latter, it means you behave as a guest and
are only allowed to view the system without the permission to do any setting for this
switch.
155
-------------------------------
Managed Switch – 2262 FE Switch
Login: admin
Password:
2262#
-------------------------------
Fig. 4-1
-------------------------------
Managed Switch – 2262 FE Switch
Login: admin
Password:
2262$
-------------------------------
Fig. 4-2
156
4-2. Commands of CLI
To see the commands of the mode, please input “?” after the prompt, then all
commands will be listed in the screen. All commands can be divided into two
categories, including global commands and local commands. Global commands can
be used wherever the mode you are. They are “exit”, “end”, “help”, “history”, “logout”,
“save start”, “save user”, “restore default” and “restore user”. For more details,
please refer to Section 4-2-1.
Command instructions reside in the corresponding modes are local commands.
The same command with the same command name may occur but perform totally
different function in different modes. For example, “show” in IP mode performs
displaying the IP information; however, it performs displaying the system information
in system mode. For more details, please refer to Section 4-2-2.
Fig. 4-3
157
4-2-1. Global Commands of CLI
---------------------------
end
Syntax:
end
Description:
Back to the top mode.
When you enter this command, your current position would move to the top mode. If
you use this command in the top mode, you are still in the position of the top mode.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FE2262 # alarm
FE2262 (alarm)# events
FE2262 (alarm-events)# end
FE2262 #
---------------------------
exit
Syntax:
exit
Description:
Back to the previous mode.
When you enter this command, your current position would move back to the
previous mode. If you use this command in the top mode, you are still in the position
of the top mode.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FE2262 # trunk
FE2262 (trunk)# exit
FE2262 #
158
---------------------------
help
Syntax:
help
Description:
To show available commands.
Some commands are the combination of more than two words. When you enter this
command, the CLI would show the complete commands. Besides, the command
would help you classify the commands between the local commands and the global
ones.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FE2262 # ip
FE2262(ip)# help
------------<< Local commands >>------------
disable dhcp Disable DHCP
enable dhcp Enable DHCP, and set dns auto or manual
set dns Set dns
set ip Set ip and gateway
show Show IP Configuration
------------<< Global commands >>------------
end Back to the top mode
exit Back to the previous mode
help Show available commands
history Show a list of previously run commands
logout Logout the system
restore default Restore default config
restore user Restore user config
save start Save as start config
save user Save as user config
FE2262(ip)#
159
---------------------------
history
Syntax:
history [#]
Description:
To show a list of previous commands that you had ever run.
When you enter this command, the CLI would show a list of commands which you
had typed before. The CLI supports up to 256 records. If no argument is typed, the
CLI would list total records up to 256. If optional argument is given, the CLI would
only show the last numbers of records, given by the argument.
Argument:
[#]: show last number of history records. (optional)
Possible value:
[#]: 1, 2, 3, …., 256
Example:
FE2262 (ip)# history
Command history:
0. ?
1. trunk
2. exit
3. FEL2SW-26 # trunk
4. FEL2SW-26 (trunk)# exit
5. FEL2SW-26 #
6. trunk
7. exit
8. alarm
9. events
10. end
11. ip
12. help
13. history
FE2262 (ip)# history 3
Command history:
12. help
13. history
14. history 3
FE2262 (ip)#
160
---------------------------
logout
Syntax:
logout
Description:
When you enter this command via Telnet connection, you would logout the system
and disconnect. If you connect the system through direct serial port with RS-232
cable, you would logout the system and be back to the initial login prompt when you
run this command.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FE2262 # logout
---------------------------
restore default
Syntax:
restore default
Description:
When you use this function in CLI, the system will show you the information “Do you
want to restore the default IP address?(y/n)”. If you choose Y or y, the IP address
will restore to default “192.168.1.1”. If you choose N or n, the IP address will keep
the same one that you had saved before.
If restoring default successfully, the CLI would prompt if reboot immediately or not. If
you press Y or y, the system would reboot immediately; otherwise, it would be back
to the CLI system. After restoring default configuration, all the changes in the startup
configuration would be lost. After rebooting, the entire startup configuration would
reset to factory default.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FE2262# restore default
Do you want to restore the default ip address?(y/n)
Restoring ...
Restore default configuration successfully.
Do you want to reboot the system?(y/n)
161
---------------------------
restore user
Syntax:
restore user
Description:
To restore the startup configuration as user defined configuration. If restoring default
successfully, the CLI would prompt if reboot immediately or not. If you press Y or y,
the system would reboot immediately; others would back to the CLI system. After
restoring user-defined configuration, all the changes in the startup configuration
would be lost. After rebooting, the entire startup configuration would replace as user
defined one.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FE2262# restore user
Restoring ...
Restore user configuration successfully.
Do you want to reboot the system?(y/n)
---------------------------
save start
Syntax:
save start
Description:
To save the current configuration as the start one. When you enter this command,
the CLI would save your current configuration into the non-volatile FLASH. If you
want the configuration still works after rebooting, save the configuration using the
command ‘save stat’.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FE2262 # save start
Saving start...
Save Successfully
FE2262 #
162
---------------------------
save user
Syntax:
save user
Description:
To save the current configuration as the user-defined configuration. When you enter
this command, the CLI would save your current configuration into the non-volatile
FLASH as user-defined configuration.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FE2262 # save user
Saving user...
Save Successfully
FE2262 #
163
4-2-2. Local Commands of CLI
802.1x
---------------------------
set max-request
Syntax:
set max-request <port-range> <times>
Description:
The maximum number of times that the state machine will retransmit an EAP
Request packet to the Supplicant before it times out the authentication session.
Argument:
<port range>: syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 26
<times>: max-times, range 1-10
Possible value:
<port range> : 1 to 26
<times> : 1-10, default is 2
Example:
FE2262 (802.1x)# set max-request 2 2
---------------------------
set mode
Syntax:
set mode <port-range> <mode>
Description:
To set up the 802.1X authentication mode of each port.
Argument:
<port range> : syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 26
<mode> : set up 802.1x mode
0:disable the 802.1x function
1:set 802.1x to Multi-host mode
Possible value:
<port range> : 1 to 26
<mode>: 0 or 1
Example:
FE2262(802.1x)# set mode 2 1
164
---------------------------
set port-control
Syntax:
set port-control <port-range> <authorized>
Description:
To set up 802.1X status of each port.
Argument:
<port range> : syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 26
<authorized> : set up the status of each port
0:ForceUnauthorized
1:ForceAuthorized
2:Auto
Possible value:
<port range> : 1 to 26
<authorized> : 0,1 or 2
Example:
FE2262(802.1x)# set port-control 2 2
---------------------------
set quiet-period
Syntax:
set quiet-period <port-range> <sec>
Description:
A timer used by the Authenticator state machine to define periods of time during
when it will not attempt to acquire a Supplicant.
Argument:
<port range> : syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 26
<sec> : timer, range 0-65535
Possible value:
<port range> : 1 to 26
<sec> : 0-65535, default is 60
Example:
FE2262 (802.1x)# set quiet-period 2 30
---------------------------
set reAuthEnabled
Syntax:
set reAuthEnabled <port-range> <ebl>
Description:
A constant that define whether regular reauthentication will take place on this port.
Argument:
<port range> : syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 26
<ebl> :
0:”OFF” to disable reauthentication
1:”ON” to enable reauthentication
Possible value:
<port range> : 1 to 26
<ebl> : 0 or 1, default is 1
Example:
FE2262 (802.1x)# set reAuthEnabled 2 1
165
---------------------------
set reAuthMax
Syntax:
set reAuthMax <port-range> <max>
Description:
The number of reauthentication attempts that are permitted before the port
becomes Unauthorized.
Argument:
<port range> : syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 26
<max> : max. value , range 1-10
Possible value:
<port range> : 1 to 26
<max> : 1-10, default is 2
Example:
FE2262 (802.1x)# set reAuthMax 2 2
---------------------------
set reAuthPeriod
Syntax:
set reAuthPeriod <port-range> <sec>
Description:
A constant that defines a nonzero number of seconds between periodic
reauthentication of the supplicant.
Argument:
<port range> : syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 26
<sec> : timer, range 1-65535
Possible value:
<port range> : 1 to 26
<sec> : 1-65535, default is 3600
Example:
FE2262 (802.1x)# set reAuthPeriod 2 3600
---------------------------
set serverTimeout
Syntax:
set serverTimeout <port-range> <sec>
Description:
A timer used by the Backend Authentication state machine in order to determine
timeout conditions in the exchanges between the Authenticator and the Supplicant
or Authentication Server. The initial value of this timer is either suppTimeout or
serverTimeout, as determined by the operation of the Backend Authentication state
machine.
Argument:
<port range> : syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 26
<sec> : timer, range 1-65535
Possible value:
<port range> : 1 to 26
<sec> : 1-65535, default is 30
Example:
FE2262 (802.1x)# set serverTimeout 2 30
---------------------------
166
set state
Syntax:
set state <ip> <port-number> <secret-key> <Accounting Service> <Accounting
Server> <Accounting Port>
Description:
To configure the settings related with 802.1X Radius Server and Accounting service.
Argument:
ip: xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx
port-number:1~65535
secret-key: The length of secret-key is from 1 to 31
Accounting Service: 0 for disable, 1 for enable
Accounting Server: xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx
Accounting Port:1~65535
Possible value:
<port-number> : 1~65535, default 1812
<Accounting-port> : 1~65535, default 1813
Example:
FE2262(802.1X)# set state 192.168.1.1 1812 password 1 192.168.1.1 1813
---------------------------
set suppTimeout
Syntax:
set suppTimeout <port-range> <sec>
Description:
A timer used by the Backend Authentication state machine in order to determine
timeout conditions in the exchanges between the Authenticator and the Supplicant
or Authentication Server. The initial value of this timer is either suppTimeout or
serverTimeout, as determined by the operation of the Backend Authentication state
machine.
Argument:
<port range> : syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 26
<sec> : timer, range 1-65535
Possible value:
<port range> : 1 to 26
<sec> : 1-65535, default is 30
Example:
FE2262 (802.1x)# set suppTimeout 2 30
---------------------------
set txPeriod
Syntax:
set txPeriod <port-range> <sec>
Description:
A timer used by the Authenticator PAE state machine to determine when an EAPOL
PDU is to be transmitted.
Argument:
<port range> : syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 26
<sec> : timer, range 1-65535
Possible value:
<port range> : 1 to 26
<sec> : 1-65535, default is 30
Example:
167
FE2262 (802.1x)# set txPeriod 2 30
---------------------------
show mode
Syntax:
show mode
Description:
To display the mode of each port.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FE2262(802.1x)# show mode
Port Mode
====== ============
1 Disable
2 Multi-host
3 Disable
4 Disable
5 Disable
6 Disable
:
:
:
---------------------------
show parameter
Syntax:
show parameter
Description:
To display the parameter settings of each port.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FE2262(802.1x)# show parameter
port 1) port control : Auto
reAuthMax : 2
txPeriod : 30
Quiet Period : 60
reAuthEnabled : ON
reAuthPeriod : 3600
max. Request : 2
suppTimeout : 30
serverTimeout : 30
:
:
:
168
---------------------------
show security
Syntax:
show security
Description:
To display the authentication status of each port.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FE2262 (802.1x)# show security
Port Mode Status
====== ============ ==============
1 Disable
2 Multi-host Unauthorized
3 Disable
4 Disable
5 Disable
6 Disable
:
:
:
---------------------------
show state
Syntax:
show state
Description:
To display the Radius server configuration.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FE2262 (802.1x)# show state
Radius Server: 192.168.1.115
Port Number : 1812
Secret Key : WinRadius
169
account
---------------------------
add
Syntax:
add <name>
Description:
To create a new guest user. When you create a new guest user, you must type in
password and confirm password.
Argument:
<name> : new account name
Possible value:
<name> : A string must be at least 5 character.
Example:
FEL2SW-26(account)# add aaaaa
Password:
Confirm Password:
FEL2SW-26(account)#
---------------------------
del
Syntax:
del <name>
Description:
To delete an existing account.
Argument:
<name> : existing user account
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26(account)# del aaaaa
Account aaaaa deleted
170
---------------------------
modify
Syntax:
modify <name>
Description:
To change the username and password of an existing account.
Argument:
<name> : existing user account
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26(account)# modify aaaaa
username/password: the length is from 5 to 15.
Current username (aaaaa):bbbbb
New password:
Confirm password:
Username changed successfully.
Password changed successfully.
---------------------------
show
Syntax:
show
Description:
To show system account, including account name and identity.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26(account)# show
Account Name Identity
----------------- ---------------
admin Administrator
guest guest
bbbbb guest
171
alarm
<<email>>
---------------------------
del mail-address
Syntax:
del mail-address <#>
Description:
To remove the e-mail address.
Argument:
<#>: email address number, range: 1 to 6
Possible value:
<#>: 1 to 6
Example:
FEL2SW-26(alarm-email)# del mail-address 2
---------------------------
del server-user
Syntax:
del server-user
Description:
To remove the server, user account and password.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26(alarm-email)# del server-user
---------------------------
set mail-address
Syntax:
set mail-address <#> <mail address>
Description:
To set up the email address.
Argument:
<#> : email address number, range: 1 to 6
<mail address> : email address
Possible value:
<#>: 1 to 6
Example:
FEL2SW-26(alarm-email)# set mail-address 1 abc@mail.abc.com
172
---------------------------
set server
Syntax:
set server <ip>
Description:
To set up the IP address of the email server.
Argument:
<ip>:email server ip address or domain name
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26(alarm-email)# set server 192.168.1.6
---------------------------
set user
Syntax:
set user <username>
Description:
To set up the account of the email server.
Argument:
<username>: email server account
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26(alarm-email)# set user event@gmail.com
---------------------------
show
Syntax:
show
Description:
To display the configuration of e-mail trap event.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26(alarm-email)# show
Mail Server : 192.168.1.6
Username : admin
Password : ****************
Email Address 1: abc@mail.abc.com
Email Address 2:
Email Address 3:
Email Address 4:
Email Address 5:
Email Address 6:
173
<<events>>
---------------------------
del all
Syntax:
del all <range>
Description:
To disable email, sms and trap of events.
Argument:
<range>:del the range of email, sms and trap of events, syntax 1,5-7
Possible value:
<range>: 1~21
Example:
FEL2SW-26(alarm-events)# del all 1-3
---------------------------
del email
Syntax:
del email <range>
Description:
To disable the email of the events.
Argument:
<range>:del the range of email, syntax 1,5-7
Possible value:
<range>: 1~21
Example:
FEL2SW-26(alarm-events)# del email 1-3
---------------------------
del sms
Syntax:
del sms <range>
Description:
To disable the sms of the events.
Argument:
<range>:del the range of sms, syntax 1,5-7
Possible value:
<range>: 1~21
Example:
FEL2SW-26(alarm-events)# del sms 1-3
174
---------------------------
del trap
Syntax:
del trap <range>
Description:
To disable the trap of the events.
Argument:
<range>:del the range of trap, syntax 1,5-7
Possible value:
<range>: 1~21
Example:
FEL2SW-26(alarm-events)# del trap 1-3
---------------------------
set all
Syntax:
set all <range>
Description:
To enable email, sms and trap of events.
Argument:
<range>:set the range of email, sms and trap of events, syntax 1,5-7
Possible value:
<range>: 1~21
Example:
FEL2SW-26(alarm-events)# set all 1-3
---------------------------
set email
Syntax:
set email <range>
Description:
To enable the email of the events.
Argument:
<range>:set the range of email, syntax 1,5-7
Possible value:
<range>: 1~21
Example:
FEL2SW-26(alarm-events)# set email 1-3
175
---------------------------
set sms
Syntax:
set sms <range>
Description:
To enable the sms of the events.
Argument:
<range>:set the range of sms, syntax 1,5-7
Possible value:
<range>: 1~21
Example:
FEL2SW-26(alarm-events)# set sms 1-3
---------------------------
set trap
Syntax:
set trap <range>
Description:
To enable the trap of the events.
Argument:
<range>:set the range of trap, syntax 1,5-7
Possible value:
<range>: 1~21
Example:
FEL2SW-26(alarm-events)# set trap 1-3
176
---------------------------
show
Syntax:
show
Description:
The Show here is used to display the configuration of alarm event.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26(alarm-events)# show
Events Email SMS Trap
-----------------------------------------
1 Cold Start v
2 Warm Start v
3 Link Down v
4 Link Up v
5 Authentication Failure v
6 User Login
7 User Logout
8 STP Topology Changed
9 STP Disabled
10 STP Enabled
11 LACP Disabled
12 LACP Enabled
13 LACP Member Added
14 LACP Port Failure
15 GVRP Disabled
16 GVRP Enabled
17 Port-based Vlan Enabled
18 Tag-based Vlan Enabled
19 Module Inserted
20 Module Removed
21 Module Media Swapped
177
---------------------------
show (alarm)
Syntax:
show
Description:
The Show for alarm here is used to display the configuration of Trap, SMS or E-mail.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (alarm)# show email
FEL2SW-26 (alarm)# show events
FEL2SW-26 (alarm)# show sms
---------------------------
<<sms>>
---------------------------
del phone-number
Syntax:
del phone-number <#>
Description:
To delete sms phone number.
Argument:
<#>: mobile phone number, range: 1 to 6
Possible value:
<#>: 1 to 6
Example:
FEL2SW-26(alarm-sms)# del phone-number 3
---------------------------
del server-user
Syntax:
del server-user
Description:
To delete sms server, user account and password.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26(alarm-sms)# del server-user
178
---------------------------
set phone-number
Syntax:
set phone-number <#> <phone-number>
Description:
To add sms phone number.
Argument:
<#>: mobile phone number, range: 1 to 6
<phone-number>: phone number
Possible value:
<#>: 1 to 6
Example:
FEL2SW-26(alarm-sms)# set phone-number 1 0968777777
---------------------------
set server
Syntax:
set server <ip>
Description:
To set up the IP address of sms server.
Argument:
<ip>: SMS server ip address or domain name
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26(alarm-sms)# set server 192.168.1.7
---------------------------
set user
Syntax:
set user <username>
Description:
To set up user account and password of sms server.
Argument:
<username>: SMS server account
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26(alarm-sms)# set user ABC
179
---------------------------
show
Syntax:
show
Description:
To display the configuration of SMS trap event.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26(alarm-sms)# show
SMS Server : 192.168.1.7
Username : ABC
Password : ****************
Mobile Phone 1: 0968777777
Mobile Phone 2:
Mobile Phone 3:
Mobile Phone 4:
Mobile Phone 5:
Mobile Phone 6:
180
autologout
---------------------------
autologout
Syntax:
autologout <time>
Description:
To set up the timer of autologout.
Argument:
<time>: range 1 to 3600 seconds, 0 for autologout off, current setting is 180
seconds.
Possible value:
< time >: 0,1-3600
Example:
FEL2SW-26 # autologout 3600
Set autologout time to 3600 seconds
bandwidth
---------------------------
set egress-rate
Syntax:
set egress-rate <range> <data_rate>
Description:
To set up the egress-rate of the ports.
Argument:
<range>:syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 26
<data_rate>: 66-1024000(Kb).
port 1-24: 66-102400(Kb); port 25-26: 66-1024000(Kb)
Possible value:
<range>: 1 to 26
<data_rate>: 66-102400(Kb) for port 1-24; 66-1024000(Kb) for port 25-26
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (bandwidth)# set egress-rate 1-16 299
---------------------------
set ingress-rate
Syntax:
set ingress-rate <range> <data_rate>
Description:
To set up the ingress-rate of the ports.
Argument:
<range>:syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 26
<data_rate>: 66-1024000(Kb).
port 1-24: 66-102400(Kb); port 25-26: 66-1024000(Kb)
Possible value:
<range>: 1 to 26
<data_rate>: 66-102400(Kb) for port 1-24; 66-1024000(Kb) for port 25-26
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (bandwidth)# set ingress-rate 1-16 100
181
---------------------------
set storm-rate
Syntax:
set storm-rate <range> <data_rate>
Description:
To set up the storm-rate of the ports.
Argument:
<range>:syntax: 1,3-5, available from 1 to 5
1: Disable 2: Broadcast Storm Control
3: Multicast Storm Control
4: Unknown Unicast Storm Control
5: Broadcast, Multicast, Unknown Unicast Storm Control
<data_rate>: 1-100. The value must be the integer.
The value 100 disables broadcast storm control.
Possible value:
<range>: 1 to 5
<data_rate>: 1-100.
Example:
FEL2SW-26(bandwidth)# set storm-rate 2 99
---------------------------
show
Syntax:
show
Description:
To display all current settings of the bandwidth.
Argument:
None
Possible value:
None
Example:
FEL2SW-26(bandwidth)# show
Port Ingress Rate(Kb) Egress Rate(Kb)
====== ================== =================
1 102400 102400
2 102400 102400
3 102400 102400
:
:
23 102400 102400
24 102400 102400
25 1024000 1024000
26 1024000 1024000
Broadcast Storm Control
========================================================
Type: Disable
Rate: 100 %
182
config-file
---------------------------
export start
Syntax:
export start
Description:
To run the export start function.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (config-file)# export start
Export successful.
---------------------------
export user-conf
Syntax:
export user-conf
Description:
To run the export user-conf function.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (config-file)# export user-conf
Export successful.
---------------------------
import start
Syntax:
import start
Description:
To run the import start function.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (config-file)# import start
Import successful.
183
---------------------------
import user-conf
Syntax:
import user-conf
Description:
To run the import user-conf function.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (config-file)# import user-conf
Import successful.
---------------------------
set export-path
Syntax:
set export-path <filepath>
Description:
To set up the file path and filename that user would like to export.
Argument:
<filepath>:filepath and filename
Possible value:
<filepath>:filepath and filename
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (config-file)# set export-path log/21511.txt
---------------------------
set import-path
Syntax:
set import-path <filepath>
Description:
To set up the filepath and filename that user would like to import.
Argument:
<filepath>:filepath and filename
Possible value:
<filepath>:filepath and filename
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (config-file)# set import-path log/21511.txt
184
---------------------------
show
Syntax:
show
Description:
To display the information of the config file.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26(config-file)# show
TFTP Server IP Address: 192.168.3.111
Export Path and Filename: log/21511.txt
Import Path and Filename: log/21511.txt
dhcp-boot
---------------------------
set dhcp-boot
Syntax:
set <sec>
Description:
To set up the delay time for DHCP Boot.
Argument:
<sec>:range syntax: 0, 1-30. The value “0” is to disable dhcp-boot delay
Possible value:
<sec>:0-30
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (dhcp-boot)# set 30
---------------------------
show
Syntax:
show
Description:
To display the status of DHCP Boot.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26(dhcp-boot)# show
DHCP Boot : Enable
Second : 30
FEL2SW-26(dhcp-boot)#
185
diag
---------------------------
diag
Syntax:
diag
Description:
Diag is used to test whether EEPROM, UART, DRAM and Flash is normal or not.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (diag)# diag
EEPROM Test : OK
UART Test : OK
DRAM Test : OK
Flash Test : OK
---------------------------
Loopback
Syntax:
loopback
Description:
For Internal/External Loopback Test.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26(diag)# loopback
Internal Loopback Test : OK
External Loopback Test : Port 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 Fail
---------------------------
ping
Syntax:
ping <ip>
Description:
To confirm that whether the remote end-station or switch itself is alive or not.
Argument:
<ip> : IP address or domain name
Possible value:
IP address, e.g. 192.168.2.65 or domain name, e.g. tw.yahoo.com
Example:
FEL2SW-26(diag)# ping 192.168.1.115
Gateway : 192.168.1.253
186
192.168.1.115 is alive.
187
firmware
---------------------------
set upgrade-path
Syntax:
set upgrade-path <filepath>
Description:
To set up the image file that will be upgraded.
Argument:
<filepath>: upgrade file path and name
Possible value:
<filepath>: upgrade file path and name
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (firmware)# set upgrade-path FEL2SW26_v2.05.img
---------------------------
show
Syntax:
show
Description:
To display the information of tftp server and upgrade-path and file name.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26(firmware)# show
TFTP Server IP Address: 192.168.3.111
Path and Filename : FEL2SW26_v2.05.img
---------------------------
upgrade
Syntax:
upgrade
Description:
To run the software upgrade function.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26(firmware)# upgrade
Upgrading firmware ...
188
gvrp
---------------------------
disable
Syntax:
disable
Description:
To disable the gvrp function
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (gvrp)# disable
---------------------------
enable
Syntax:
enable
Description:
To enable the gvrp function.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (gvrp)# enable
---------------------------
group
Syntax:
group <group number>
Description:
To enter any of gvrp group for changing gvrp group setting. You can change the
applicant or registrar mode of existing gvrp group per port.
Argument:
<group number>: enter which gvrp group you had created, using value is vid.
Available range: 1 to 4094
Possible value:
<group number>: 1~4094
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (gvrp)# show group
GVRP group information
Current Dynamic Group Number: 1
VID Member Port
---- --------------------------------------------------
2 5
189
FEL2SW-26 (gvrp)# group 2
FEL2SW-26 (gvrp-group-2)# set applicant 1-6 non-participant
FEL2SW-26 (gvrp-group-2)# show
GVRP group VID: 2
Port Applicant Registrar
---- --------------- ---------
1 Non-Participant Normal
2 Non-Participant Normal
3 Non-Participant Normal
4 Non-Participant Normal
5 Non-Participant Normal
6 Non-Participant Normal
7 Normal Normal
8 Normal Normal
12 Normal Normal
13 Normal Normal
:
:
23 Normal Normal
24 Normal Normal
25 Normal Normal
26 Normal Normal
FEL2SW-26 (gvrp-group-2)# set registrar 1-10 fixed
FEL2SW-26 (gvrp-group-2)# show
GVRP group VID: 2
Port Applicant Registrar
---- --------------- ---------
1 Non-Participant Fixed
2 Non-Participant Fixed
3 Non-Participant Fixed
4 Non-Participant Fixed
5 Non-Participant Fixed
6 Non-Participant Fixed
7 Normal Fixed
8 Normal Fixed
9 Normal Fixed
10 Normal Fixed
17 Normal Normal
:
:
23 Normal Normal
24 Normal Normal
25 Normal Normal
26 Normal Normal
190
---------------------------
set applicant
Syntax:
set applicant <range> <normal|non-participant>
Description:
To set default applicant mode for each port.
Argument:
<range>: port range, syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 26
<normal>: set applicant as normal mode
<non-participant>: set applicant as non-participant mode
Possible value:
<range>: 1 to 26
<normal|non-participant>: normal or non-participant
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (gvrp)# set applicant 1-10 non-participant
---------------------------
set registrar
Syntax:
set registrar <range> <normal|fixed|forbidden>
Description:
To set default registrar mode for each port.
Argument:
<range>: port range, syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 26
<normal>: set registrar as normal mode
<fixed>: set registrar as fixed mode
<forbidden>: set registrar as forbidden mode
Possible value:
<range>: 1 to 26
<normal|fixed|forbidden>: normal or fixed or forbidden
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (gvrp)# set registrar 1-5 fixed
---------------------------
set restricted
Syntax:
set restricted <range> <enable|disable>
Description:
To set the restricted mode for each port.
Argument:
<range>: port range, syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 26
<enable>: set restricted as enabled
<disable>: set restricted as disabled
Possible value:
<range>: 1 to 26
<enable|disable>: enable or disable
191
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (gvrp)# set restricted 1-10 enable
FEL2SW-26 (gvrp)# show config
GVRP state: Enable
Port Join Time Leave Time LeaveAll Time Applicant Registrar Restricted
---- --------- ---------- ------------- --------------- --------- ----------
1 20 60 1000 Normal Normal Enable
2 20 60 1000 Normal Normal Enable
3 20 60 1000 Normal Normal Enable
4 20 60 1000 Normal Normal Enable
5 20 60 1000 Normal Normal Enable
6 20 60 1000 Normal Normal Enable
7 20 60 1000 Normal Normal Enable
8 20 60 1000 Normal Normal Enable
9 20 60 1000 Normal Normal Enable
10 20 60 1000 Normal Normal Enable
:
:
:
22 20 60 1000 Normal Normal Disable
23 20 60 1000 Normal Normal Disable
24 20 60 1000 Normal Normal Disable
25 20 60 1000 Normal Normal Disable
26 20 60 1000 Normal Normal Disable
192
---------------------------
set timer
Syntax:
set timer <range> <join> <leave> <leaveall>
Description:
To set gvrp join time, leave time, and leaveall time for each port.
Argument:
<range> : port range, syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 26
<join>: join timer, available from 20 to 100
<leave>: leave timer, available from 60 to 300
<leaveall>: leaveall timer, available from 1000 to 5000
Leave Time must equal double Join Time at least.
Possible value:
<range> : 1 to 26
<join>: 20 to 100
<leave>: 60 to 300
<leaveall>: 1000 to 5000
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (gvrp)# set timer 2-8 25 80 2000
---------------------------
show config
Syntax:
show config
Description:
To display the gvrp configuration.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26(gvrp)# show config
GVRP state: Disable
Port Join Time Leave Time LeaveAll Time Applicant Registrar Restricted
---- --------- ---------- ------------- --------------- --------- ----------
1 20 60 1000 Normal Normal Disable
2 20 60 1000 Normal Normal Disable
3 20 60 1000 Normal Normal Disable
4 20 60 1000 Normal Normal Disable
:
:
:
23 20 60 1000 Normal Normal Disable
24 20 60 1000 Normal Normal Disable
25 20 60 1000 Normal Normal Disable
26 20 60 1000 Normal Normal Disable
193
---------------------------
show counter
Syntax:
show counter <port>
Description:
To show counter of the port.
Argument:
<port>: port number, available from 1 to 26
Possible value:
<port>: 1 to 26
Example:
FEL2SW-26(gvrp)# show counter 2
GVRP Counter port: 2
Counter Name Received Transmitted
-------------------- -------- -----------
Total GVRP Packets 0 0
Invalid GVRP Packets 0 ----
LeaveAll message 0 0
JoinEmpty message 0 0
JoinIn message 0 0
LeaveEmpty message 0 0
Empty message 0 0
---------------------------
show group
Syntax:
show group
Description:
To show the gvrp group.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26(gvrp)# show group
GVRP group information
Current Dynamic Group Number: 0
VID Member Port
---- --------------------------------------------------
194
hostname
---------------------------
hostname
Syntax:
hostname <name>
Description:
To set up the hostname of the switch.
Argument:
<name>: hostname, max. 40 characters.
Possible value:
<name>: hostname, max. 40 characters.
Example:
FEL2SW-26 # hostname Company
Company#
igmp-snooping
---------------------------
add allowed-group
Syntax:
add allowed-group <ip-multicast> <vid> <port-range>
Description:
To add the entry of allowed IP multicast group.
Argument:
<ip-multicast>: the range of IP multicast.
<vid>: vlan ID. 1-4094 or any.
<port-range>: syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 26
Possible value:
<ip-multicast>: ex: 224.1.1.1-225.2.3.3 or any
<vid>: 1-4094 or any
<port-range>: 1 to 26
Example:
FEL2SW-26(igmp-snooping)# add allowed-group 224.1.1.1-225.2.3.3 100 1-10
---------------------------
del allowed-group
Syntax:
del allowed-group <index>
Description:
To remove the entry of allowed IP multicast group
Argument:
<index>: the index of the allowed-group.
Possible value:
<index>: the index of the allowed-group.
Example:
FEL2SW-26(igmp-snooping)# del allowed-group 1
195
---------------------------
set mode
Syntax:
set mode <status>
Description:
To set up the mode of IGMP Snooping.
Argument:
<status>: 0:disable, 1:active, 2:passive
Possible value:
<status>: 0,1or 2
Example:
FEL2SW-26(igmp-snooping)# set mode 2
---------------------------
show igmp-snooping
Syntax:
show igmp-snooping
Description:
To display IGMP snooping mode and allowed IP multicast entry.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26(igmp-snooping)# show igmp-snooping
Snoop Mode: Active
IP Multicast:
1) IP Address : 224.1.1.1
VLAN ID : 0
Member Port : 22
---------------------------
show multicast
Syntax:
show multicast
Description:
To display IP multicast table.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26(igmp-snooping)# show multicast
IP Multicast: None
196
IP
---------------------------
disable dhcp
Syntax:
disable dhcp
Description:
To disable the DHCP function of the system.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26(ip)# disable dhcp
DHCP is already stopped.
---------------------------
enable dhcp
Syntax:
enable dhcp <manual|auto>
Description:
To enable the system DHCP function and set DNS server via manual or auto mode.
Argument:
<manual|auto> : set DNS by using manual or auto mode.
Possible value:
<manual|auto> : manual or auto
Example:
FEL2SW-26(ip)# enable dhcp manual
---------------------------
set dns
Syntax:
set dns <ip>
Description:
To set the IP address of DNS server.
Argument:
<ip> : dns ip address
Possible value:
<ip> : 168.95.1.1
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (ip)# set dns 168.95.1.1
197
---------------------------
set ip
Syntax:
set ip <ip> <mask> <gateway>
Description:
To set the system IP address, subnet mask and gateway.
Argument:
<ip> : ip address
<mask> : subnet mask
<gateway> : default gateway
Possible value:
<ip> : 192.168.1.1 or others
<mask> : 255.255.255.0 or others
<gateway> : 192.168.1.253 or others
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (ip)# set ip 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.253
---------------------------
show
Syntax:
show
Description:
To display the system’s DHCP function state, IP address, subnet mask, default
gateway, DNS mode, DNS server IP address and current IP address.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (ip)# show
DHCP : Disable
IP Address : 192.168.1.1
Current IP Address : 192.168.1.1
Subnet mask : 255.255.255.0
Gateway : 192.168.1.253
DNS Setting : Manual
DNS Server : 192.95.1.1
198
log
---------------------------
clear
Syntax:
clear
Description:
To clear the log data.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (log)# clear
---------------------------
disable auto-upload
Syntax:
disable auto-upload
Description:
To disable the auto-upload function.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (log)# disable auto-upload
---------------------------
enable auto-upload
Syntax:
enable auto-upload
Description:
To enable the auto-upload function.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (log)# enable auto-upload
199
loop-detection (LD)
---------------------------
disable action
Syntax:
disable action
Description:
Disable LD and corresponding action. Disable the locked-port action when loop
occurs.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26(loop-detection)# disable action
---------------------------
disable port
Syntax:
disable port <port range>
Description:
Disable LD and corresponding action. Disable LD per port.
Argument:
<port range>: The range of your setting disabled loop detection with ports.
Possible value:
<port range>: syntax: 1,5-7, available from 1 to 26
Example:
FEL2SW-26(loop-detection)# disable port 1,5,6
---------------------------
enable action
Syntax:
enable action
Description:
Enable LD and corresponding action. Enable the locked-port action when loop
occurs.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26(loop-detection)# enable action
200
---------------------------
enable port
Syntax:
enable port <port range>
Description:
Enable LD and corresponding action. Enable LD per port.
Argument:
<port range>: The range of your setting enabled loop detection with ports.
Possible value:
<port range>: syntax: 1,5-7, available from 1 to 26
Example:
FEL2SW-26(loop-detection)# enable port 7-9
---------------------------
show
Syntax:
show
Description:
Show Loop Detection status
Argument:
None
Possible value:
None
Example:
FEL2SW-26(loop-detection)# show
Locked port action: Enable
Port Loop-detection Current-status
---- -------------- --------------
1 Disable Unlocked
2 Disable Unlocked
3 Disable Unlocked
4 Disable Unlocked
5 Disable Unlocked
6 Disable Unlocked
7 Enable Unlocked
8 Enable Unlocked
9 Enable Unlocked
10 Disable Unlocked
11 Disable Unlocked
12 Disable Unlocked
13 Disable Unlocked
14 Disable Unlocked
15 Disable Unlocked
16 Disable Unlocked
17 Disable Unlocked
18 Disable Unlocked
19 Disable Unlocked
20 Disable Unlocked
21 Disable Unlocked
…
201
---------------------------
show
Syntax:
show
Description:
To show a list of trap log events. When any of log events happens, it will be
recorded and using show command in log function to query. Up to 120 log records
are supported.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (log)# show
Tftp Server : 0.0.0.0
Auto Upload : Disable
1) Wed Apr 13 12:13:27 2005 Link Up [Port 1]
2) Wed Apr 13 12:13:26 2005 Link Down [Port 1]
3) Wed Apr 13 11:58:31 2005 Login [admin]
4) Wed Apr 13 11:19:45 2005 Login [admin]
5) Wed Apr 13 11:19:37 2005 Logout [admin]
---------------------------
upload
Syntax:
Upload
Description:
To upload log data through tftp.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (log)# upload
202
mac-table
<<alias>>
---------------------------
del
Syntax:
del <mac>
Description:
To delete the mac alias entry.
Argument:
<mac> : mac address, format: 00-02-03-04-05-06
Possible value:
<mac> : mac address
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (mac-table-alias)# del 00-44-33-44-55-44
---------------------------
set
Syntax:
set <mac> <alias>
Description:
To set up the mac alias entry.
Argument:
<mac> : mac address, format: 00-02-03-04-05-06
<alias> : mac alias name, max. 15 characters
Possible value:
<mac> : mac address
<alias> : max. 15 characters
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (mac-table-alias)# set 00-44-33-44-55-44 www
---------------------------
show
Syntax:
show
Description:
To display the mac alias entry.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (mac-table-alias)# show
MAC Alias List
MAC Address Alias
----- ----------------- ----------------
1) 00-02-03-04-05-06 aaa
2) 00-33-03-04-05-06 ccc
203
<<information>>
---------------------------
search
Syntax:
search <port> <mac> <vid>
Description:
To look for the relative mac information in mac table.
Argument:
<port> : set up the range of the ports to search for,
syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 26
<mac> : mac address, format: 01-02-03-04-05-06, '?' can be used
<vid> : vlan id, from 1 to 4094; '?' as don't care, 0 as untagged
Possible value:
<port> : 1 to 26
<vid> : 0, 1 ~4094
Example:
FEL2SW-26(mac-table-information)# search 1-26 ??-??-??-??-??-?? ?
MAC Table List
Alias MAC Address Port VID State
---------------- ----------------- ---- ---- -----------------
00-40-c7-88-00-06 1 0 Dynamic
FEL2SW-26 (mac-table-information)#
---------------------------
show
Syntax:
show
Description:
To display all mac table information.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (mac-table-information)# show
MAC Table List
Alias MAC Address Port VID State
---------------- ----------------------- ---- ---- -----------------
ABC 00-40-c7-d6-00-01 1 2 Static Forwarding
ABC123 00-40-c7-d6-00-02 1 3 Static Filtering
204
<<maintain>>
---------------------------
set aging
Syntax:
set aging <time>
Description:
To set up the age out time of dynamic learning mac.
Argument:
<time> : Mac table age out time between 10 and 1000000 seconds. The value “0”
means to disable age out time
Possible value:
<time> : 10-1000000 seconds or 0
Example:
FEL2SW-26(mac-table-maintain)# set aging 300
---------------------------
set learning
Syntax:
set learning <port> <num>
Description:
To set up the maximum amount of MAC that each port can learn.
Argument:
<port> : port range, syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 24
<num>: MAC address numbers which can be dynamically learned
num range: between 0 to 8191; 0 for learning disabled
Possible value:
<port> : 1 to 24
<num>: 0 to 8191
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (mac-table-maintain)# set learning 5 100
---------------------------
show
Syntax:
show
Description:
To display the settings of MAC table age out time and the learning limit of each port.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
205
Example:
FEL2SW-26(mac-table-maintain)# show
Mac table age out time: 300 seconds
Port Dynamically learn limit
------ -------------------------
1 8191
2 8191
3 8191
4 8191
5 8191
:
:
:
21 8191
22 8191
23 8191
24 8191
25 8192
26 8192
<<static-mac>>
---------------------------
add
Syntax:
add <mac> <vid> <queue> <rule> <port>
Description:
To add the static mac entry.
Argument:
<mac>: mac address, format: 01-02-03-04-05-06
<vid>: vlan id, from 1 to 4094
<queue>: which queue you want to set, from 0 to 3
<rule> : forwarding rule, from 0 to 2
0:static
1:drop destination address matches
2:drop source address matches
<port> : forwarded destination port, from 1 to 26
Possible value:
<vid>: 1 to 4094
<queue>: 0 to 3
<rule>: 0 to 2
<port>: 1 to 26
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (mac-table-static-mac)# add 00-22-44-55-66-77 1 0 0 6
206
---------------------------
del
Syntax:
del <mac>
Description:
To remove the static mac entry.
Argument:
<mac> : mac address, format: 00-02-03-04-05-06
Possible value:
<mac> : mac address
Example:
FEL2SW-26(mac-table-static-mac)# del 00-02-03-04-05-06
---------------------------
show
Syntax:
show
Description:
To display static mac entry.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26(mac-table-static-mac)# show
MAC VID Queue Forwarding Rule Port
------ --------------------------- ------ -------- ------------------------------------ -------
1) 00-40-C7-D6-00-01 200 2 Static with Destination Drop 2
207
management
---------------------------
add
Syntax:
Usage: set [<name> <value>] [<vid> <value>] [<ip> <value>] [<port> <value>]
[<type> <value>] <action> <value>
Synopsis: set name Mary vid 20 ip 192.168.1.1-192.168.1.90 port 2-5,8
type h,s action a
Synopsis: set name Mary vid 20 ip 192.168.1.1-192.168.1.90
Description:
To save the adding management policy records.
When you don’t know how to set the management policy records, you can use this
command as follows:
FEL2SW-26 (management-add)# set
This command will show exhaustive operating explanation for setting the
management policy records.
Argument:
[<name> <value>] ACL entry name.
[<vid> <value>] VLAN ID.
[<ip> <value>] IP range.
[<port> <value>] Incoming port.
[<type> <value>] Access type.
<action> <value> a(ccept) or d(eny).
Possible value:
[<name> <value>] No default and it must be set.
[<vid> <value>] The range is 1-4095 and can be set to any.
[<ip> <value>] For example, 192.168.1.90-192.168.1.90 or any.
[<port> <value>] For example, 1 or 1-8 or 1,3-5 or any
[<type> <value>] For example, h(ttp),s(nmp),t(elnet) or any.
<action> <value> No default and it must be set.
Example:
FEL2SW-26(management-add)# set name Mary vid 20 ip 192.168.1.1-
192.168.1.90 port 2-5,8 type h,s action a
FEL2SW-26(management-add)# show
#: 1
Name : Mary VlanID : 20 IP : 192.168.1.1-192.168.1.90
Type : Http,SNMP Action : Accept Port : 2,3,4,5,8
208
---------------------------
delete
Syntax:
delete #
Description:
To delete a specific record or range.
Argument:
[#]: a specific or range management security entry(s)
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (management)# show
#: 1
Name : Tom VlanID : 2 IP : 192.168.1.30-192.168.1.80
Type : SNMP Action : Deny Port : 1,2
FEL2SW-26 (management)# delete 1
FEL2SW-26 (management)# show
Security rule list is empty now
---------------------------
edit [#]: the specific management policy entry. Available range: 1 to 65536.
Syntax:
Usage: set [<name> <value>] [<vid> <value>] [<ip> <value>] [<port> <value>]
[<type> <value>] <action> <value>
Synopsis: set name Mary vid 20 ip 192.168.1.1-192.168.1.90 port 2-5,8
type h,s action a
Synopsis: set name Mary vid 20 ip 192.168.1.1-192.168.1.90
Description:
To edit management policy record.
Argument:
[<name> <value>] ACL entry name.
[<vid> <value>] VLAN ID.
[<ip> <value>] IP Range.
[<port> <value>] Incoming port.
[<type> <value>] Access type.
<action> <value> a(ccept) or d(eny).
Possible value:
[<name> <value>] No default and it must be set.
[<vid> <value>] The range is 1-4095 and can be set to any.
[<ip> <value>] For example, 192.168.1.90-192.168.1.90 or any
[<port> <value>] For example, 1 or 1-8 or 1,3-5 or any
[<type> <value>] For example, h(ttp),s(nmp),t(elnet) or any
<action> <value> No default and it must be set.
209
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (management)# edit 1
FEL2SW-26 (management-edit-1)# set name Tom vid 2 ip 192.168.1.30-
192.168.1.80 port 1-2 type s action d
FEL2SW-26 (management-edit-1)# show
#: 1
Name : Tom VlanID : 2 IP : 192.168.1.30-192.168.1.80
Type : SNMP Action : Deny Port : 1,2
---------------------------
show
Syntax:
show
Description:
To show the specific management policy record.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (management)# show
#: 1
Name : Tom VlanID : 2 IP : 192.168.1.30-192.168.1.80
Type : SNMP Action : Deny Port : 1,2
210
port
---------------------------
clear counter
Syntax:
clear counter
Description:
To clear all ports’ counter (include simple and detail port counter) information.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (port)# clear counter
---------------------------
disable state
Syntax:
disable state <range>
Description:
To disable the communication capability of the port.
Argument:
<range>: port range, syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 26
Possible value:
<range>: 1 ~ 26
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (port)# disable state 12
---------------------------
enable state
Syntax:
enable state <range>
Description:
To enable the communication capability of the port.
Argument:
<range>: port range, syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 26
Possible value:
<range>: 1 ~ 26
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (port)# enable state 3-10
---------------------------
211
set description
Syntax:
set description <range> <description>
Description:
To set up the human readable description of all ports.
Argument:
range syntax: 1,5-7, available from 1 to 26
description: set its port description, max 47 characters
Possible value:
<range>: 1 to 26
Example:
FEL2SW-26(port)# set description 1-26 testport
---------------------------
set flow-control
Syntax:
set flow-control <range> <symmetric|asymmetric>
Description:
To set up the flow control function of all ports.
Argument:
<range>:port range, syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 26
<symmetric>: set its flow control as symmetric
<asymmetric>: set its flow control as asymmetric
Possible value:
<range>: 1 to 26
<symmetric|asymmetric>:symmetric or asymmetric
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (port)# set flow-control 3-6 symmetric
---------------------------
set speed-duplex
Syntax:
set speed-duplex <range> <auto>|[<10|100|1000> <half|full>]
Description:
To set up the speed and duplex of all ports.
Argument:
<range>:port range, syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 26
<port-speed>:
auto : set auto-negotiation mode
10 : set speed to 10M
100 : set speed to 100M
1000 : set speed to 1000M
<port-duplex> :
half : set to half duplex
full : set to full duplex
Possible value:
<range>: 1 to 26
<port-speed> : auto, 10, 100, 1000
<port-duplex> : full, half
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (port)# set speed-duplex 8 100 full
212
---------------------------
show conf
Syntax:
show conf
Description:
To display the each port’s configuration about state, speed-duplex and flow control.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (port)# show conf
---------------------------
show description
Syntax:
show description
Description:
To display the each port’s description.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (port)# show description
---------------------------
show detail-counter
Syntax:
show detail-counter <#>
Description:
To display the detailed counting number of each port’s traffic.
Argument:
<#> : port, available from 1 to 26
Possible value:
<#>:1 ~ 26
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (port)# show detail-counter 6
---------------------------
show media
Syntax:
show media <port>
Description:
To display the module 25 or 26 information.
Argument:
<port>: available 25, 26
Possible value:
<port>: 25, 26
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (port)# show media 25
213
Port 25 Fiber Media Information
---------------------------------------------------------------------
Connector Type : SFP - LC
Fiber Type : Multi-mode (MM)
Tx Central Wavelength : 850
Baud Rate : 1G
Vendor OUI : 00:40:c7
Vendor Name : APAC Opto
Vendor PN : KM28-C3S-TC-N
Vendor Rev : 0000
Vendor SN : 5425011140
Date Code : 050530
Temperature : none
Vcc : none
Mon1 (Bias) mA : none
Mon2 (TX PWR) : none
Mon3 (RX PWR) : none
---------------------------
show simple-counter
Syntax:
show simple-counter
Description:
To display the summary counting of each port’s traffic.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (port)# show simple-counter
---------------------------
show status
Syntax:
show status
Description:
To display the port’s current status.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26(port)# show status
Port Media Link State Auto Nego. Speed/Duplex Rx Pause Tx Pause
---- ----- ---- ------- ---------- ------------ -------- --------
1 TP Down Enable Enable ----/---- ---- ----
2 TP Down Enable Enable ----/---- ---- ----
3 TP Down Enable Enable ----/---- ---- ----
4 TP Down Enable Enable ----/---- ---- ----
214
5 TP Up Enable Enable 100M/Full ON ON
6 TP Down Enable Enable ----/---- ---- ----
7 TP Down Enable Enable ----/---- ---- ----
:
:
:
24 TP Down Enable Enable ----/---- ---- ----
25 TP Down Enable Enable ----/---- ---- ----
26 TP Down Enable Enable ----/---- ---- ----
qos
---------------------------
disable 1p
Syntax:
disable 1p
Description:
To disable 802.1p qos.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (qos)# disable 1p
---------------------------
disable dscp
Syntax:
disable dscp
Description:
To disable IP DSCP qos.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (qos)# disable dscp
---------------------------
disable qos
Syntax:
disable qos
Description:
To disable qos function.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (qos)# disable qos
215
---------------------------
disable tos
Syntax:
disable tos
Description:
To disable IP TOS qos.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (qos)# disable tos
---------------------------
enable 1p
Syntax:
enable 1p
Description:
To enable 802.1p qos.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (qos)# enable 1p
---------------------------
enable dscp
Syntax:
enable dscp
Description:
To enable IP DSCP qos.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (qos)# enable dscp
216
---------------------------
enable qos
Syntax:
enable qos
Description:
To enable qos function.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (qos)# enable qos
---------------------------
enable tos
Syntax:
enable tos
Description:
To enable IP TOS qos.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (qos)# enable tos
---------------------------
set dscp
Syntax:
set dscp [<q0><priority>] [<q1><priority>] [<q2><priority>] [<q3><priority>]
Description:
To set IP DSCP qos weighting for 4 queues.
Argument:
<q>: queue level, q0: queue 0; q1: queue 1; q2: queue 2; q3: queue 3.
<priority>: priority level. One queue has been assigned 2 different priorities.
You don't need to use all of queue, but must assign queue in order.
Syntax: 1,2 or 2,5-7, available from 0 to 63.
Possible value:
<priority>: 0 to 63
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (qos)# set dscp q0 2 q1 2 q2 2 q3 3
217
---------------------------
set pri-tag
Syntax:
set pri-tag [<q0><priority>] [<q1><priority>] [<q2><priority>] [<q3><priority>]
Description:
To set 802.1p qos weighting for 4 queues.
Argument:
<q>: queue level, q0: queue 0; q1: queue 1; q2: queue 2; q3: queue 3.
<priority>: priority level. One queue has been assigned 2 different priorities.
You don't need to use all of queues, but must assign queues in order.
Syntax: 1,2 or 2,5-7, available from 0 to 7.
Possible value:
<priority>: 0 to 7.
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (qos)# set pri-tag q0 0 q1 2 q3 4
---------------------------
set sche
Syntax:
set sche <wrr|strict> <wrr_0> <wrr_1> <wrr_2> <wrr_3>
Description:
To set qos schedule and weight for 4 queues.
Argument:
<wrr> : scheduling weighted round robin method
<strict> : scheduling strict method.
<wrr_0 to 3>: weighted for every queue. Weighted range : 1-55.
Possible value:
<wrr|strict>: wrr or strict
<wrr_0 to 3>: 1-55.
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (qos)# set sche wrr 1 2 8 16
---------------------------
set tos
Syntax:
set tos <type_value> [<q0><priority>] [<q1><priority>] [<q2><priority>]
[<q3><priority>]
Description:
To set IP tos qos weighting for 4 queues.
Argument:
<type_value>: Delay Priority: 0;
Throughput Priority: 1;
Reliability Priority: 2;
Monetary Cost Priority: 3.
<q>: queue level, q0: queue 0; q1: queue 1; q2: queue 2; q3: queue 3.
<priority>: priority level. One queue has been assigned 2 different priorities.
You don't need to use all of queues, but must assign queues in order
(from low queue to high queue).
Syntax: 1,2 or 2,5-7, available from 0 to 7.
218
Possible value:
<type_value>: 0~3
<priority>: 0 to 7.
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (qos)# set tos 0 q0 1 q1 2 q2 4 q3 6
---------------------------
set vip
Syntax:
set vip <port_range> <mode>
Description:
To set vip port for strict priority.
Argument:
<port_range>: syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 26
<mode>: enable/disable vip port for each port. 1: enable. 0: disable.
Possible value:
<port_range>: 1 to 26
<mode>: 1 or 0
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (qos)# set vip 1-6 1
---------------------------
show dscp
Syntax:
show dscp
Description:
To show IP DSCP Qos configuration.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (qos)# show dscp
ip diffserv classification
====================
Global QoS mode: Enable QoS
Disable 802.1p Priority
Disable ip tos classification
Enable ip diffserv classification
Scheduling: weighted round robin method.
weight: wrr 0 = 1; wrr 1 = 1; wrr 2 = 8; wrr 3 = 16.
weighted range: 1~55.
P0~63: Priority 0~63.
Default mode: Queue0: P0~15; Queue1: P16~31; Queue2: P32~47; Queue3:
P48~63.
219
DiffServ Queue DiffServ Queue DiffServ Queue DiffServ Queue
--------- ------- ---------- ------- ---------- ------- ---------- -------
0 0 1 0 2 0 3 0
4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0
8 0 9 0 10 0 11 0
12 0 13 0 14 0 15 0
16 1 17 1 18 1 19 1
20 1 21 1 22 1 23 1
24 1 25 1 26 1 27 1
28 1 29 1 30 1 31 1
32 2 33 2 34 2 35 2
36 2 37 2 38 2 39 2
40 2 41 2 42 2 43 2
44 2 45 2 46 2 47 2
48 3 49 3 50 3 51 3
52 3 53 3 54 3 55 3
56 3 57 3 58 3 59 3
60 3 61 3 62 3 63 3
---------------------------
show port
Syntax:
show port
Description:
To show VIP port configuration.
Argument:
none
Possible value:
none
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (qos)# show port
Port Based Priority
====================
Global QoS mode: Enable QoS
Enable 802.1p Priority
Disable ip tos classification
Disable ip diffserv classification
Port No Mode Port No Mode
-------- ------- --------- -------
1 Enable 2 Enable
3 Enable 4 Enable
5 Enable 6 Enable
:
:
23 Disable 24 Disable
25 Disable 26 Disable
220
---------------------------
show priority-tag
Syntax:
show priority-tag
Description:
To show 802.1p Qos configuration.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (qos)# show priority-tag
802.1p priority
====================
Global QoS mode: Enable QoS
Enable 802.1p Priority
Disable ip tos classification
Disable ip diffserv classification
Scheduling: weighted round robin method.
weight: wrr 0 = 1; wrr 1 = 1; wrr 2 = 8; wrr 3 = 16.
weighted range: 1~55.
P0~7: Priority 0~7.
Default mode: Queue0: P0,P1; Queue1: P2,P3; Queue2: P4,P5; Queue3:
P6,P7.
P0 P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 P6 P7
---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ----
Queue 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3
221
---------------------------
show tos
Syntax:
show tos
Description:
To show IP tos Qos configuration.
Argument:
none
Possible value:
none
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (qos)# show tos
ip tos classification
====================
Global QoS mode: Enable QoS
Disable 802.1p Priority
Enable ip tos classification
Disable ip diffserv classification
Scheduling: weighted round robin method.
weight: wrr 0 = 1; wrr 1 = 1; wrr 2 = 8; wrr 3 = 16.
weighted range: 1~55.
P0~7: Priority 0~7.
Default mode: Queue0: P0,P1; Queue1: P2,P3; Queue2: P4,P5; Queue3:
P6,P7.
P0 P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 P6 P7
---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ----
Queue 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3
TOS type: Delay Priority
P0 P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 P6 P7
---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ----
Queue 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3
TOS type: Throughput Priority
P0 P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 P6 P7
---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ----
Queue 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3
TOS type: Reliability Priority
P0 P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 P6 P7
---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ----
Queue 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3
TOS type: Monetary Cost Priority
reboot
222
---------------------------
reboot
Syntax:
reboot
Description:
To reboot the system.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26 # reboot
security
<<isolated-group>>
---------------------------
set
Syntax:
set <port>
Description:
To set up the function of the isolated group.
Argument:
<port> : isolated port; range syntax: 1,5-7, available from 0 to 26
set 0 as disabled
Possible value:
<port>:0 to 26
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (security-isolated-group)# set 2,3,4
---------------------------
show
Syntax:
show
Description:
To display the current setting status of isolated group.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (security-isolated-group)# show
Isolated group:
2 3 4
223
<<mirror>>
---------------------------
disable
Syntax:
disable
Description:
To disable the function of mirror.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (security-mirror)# disable
---------------------------
enable
Syntax:
enable
Description:
To enable the function of mirror.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (security-mirror)# enable
---------------------------
set
Syntax:
set <spy> <ingress> <egress>
Description:
To set up the monitoring port and monitored ports of the mirror function. User can
monitor the ports that receive or transmit the packets.
Argument:
<spy>: monitoring port
<ingress>: monitored ingress port; range syntax: 1,5-7, available from 0 to 26
<egress>: monitored egress port; range syntax: 1,5-7, available from 0 to 26
set ingress/egress to 0 as ingress/egress disabled
Possible value:
<ingress>: 0 to 26
<egress>: 0 to 26
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (security-mirror)# set 1 4 2-3
224
---------------------------
show
Syntax:
show
Description:
To display the current setting status of mirror.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (security-mirror)# show
Mirror:
Monitoring Port :1
Monitored Ingress :4
Monitored Egress :2 3
<<restricted-group>>
---------------------------
set
Syntax:
set <ingress> <egress>
Description:
To set up the function of restricted group.
Argument:
<ingress>: ingress group port; range syntax: 1,5-7, available from 0 to 26
<egress>: egress group port; range syntax: 1,5-7, available from 0 to 26
set ingress or egress to 0 as disabled
Possible value:
<ingress>: 0 to 26
<egress>: 0 to 26
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (security-restricted-group)# set 5 8-10
---------------------------
show
Syntax:
show
Description:
To display the current setting status of restricted group.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (security-restricted-group)# show
Restricted group:
Ingress:5
Egress :8 9 10
225
snmp
---------------------------
disable
Syntax:
disable set-community
disable snmp
Description:
The Disable here is used for the de-activation of snmp or set-community.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26(snmp)# disable set-community
FEL2SW-26(snmp)# disable snmp
---------------------------
enable
Syntax:
enable set-community
enable snmp
Description:
The Enable here is used for the activation snmp or set-community.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26(snmp)# enable set-community
FEL2SW-26(snmp)# enable snmp
226
---------------------------
set
Syntax:
set get-community <community>
set set-community <community>
set trap <#> <ip> [port] [community]
Description:
The Set here is used for the setup of get-community, set-community, trap host ip,
host port and trap- community.
Argument:
<#>: trap number, range: 1 to 6
<ip>: ip address or domain name
<port>: trap port
<community>: community name
Possible value:
<trap number> : 1 to 6
<port> :1~65535
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (snmp)# set get-community public
FEL2SW-26 (snmp)# set set-community private
FEL2SW-26 (snmp)# set trap 1 192.168.1.1 162 public
---------------------------
show
Syntax:
show
Description:
The Show here is to display the configuration of SNMP.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (snmp)# show
SNMP : Enable
Get Community: public
Set Community: private [Enable]
Trap Host 1 IP Address: 192.168.1.1 Port: 162 Community: public
Trap Host 2 IP Address: 0.0.0.0 Port: 162 Community: public
Trap Host 3 IP Address: 0.0.0.0 Port: 162 Community: public
Trap Host 4 IP Address: 0.0.0.0 Port: 162 Community: public
Trap Host 5 IP Address: 0.0.0.0 Port: 162 Community: public
Trap Host 6 IP Address: 0.0.0.0 Port: 162 Community: public
227
stp
---------------------------
MCheck
Syntax:
MCheck <range>
Description:
To force the port to transmit RST BPDUs.
Argument:
<range>: syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 26
Possible value:
<range>: 1 to 26
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (stp)# Mcheck 1-8
---------------------------
disable
Syntax:
disable
Description:
To disable the function of STP.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (stp)# disable
---------------------------
enable
Syntax:
enable
Description:
To enable the function of STP.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (stp)# enable
228
---------------------------
set config
Syntax:
set config <Bridge Priority> <Hello Time> <Max. Age> <Forward Delay>
Description:
To set up the parameters of STP.
Argument:
<Bridge Priority>: priority must be a multiple of 4096,available from 0 to 61440.
<Hello Time>: available from 1 to 10.
<Max. Age>: available from 6 to 40.
<Forward Delay>: available from 4 to 30.
Note: 2*(Forward Delay -1) >= Max Age
Max Age >= 2*(Hello Time +1)
Possible value:
<Bridge Priority>: 0 to 61440.
<Hello Time>: 1 to 10.
<Max. Age>: 6 to 40.
<Forward Delay>: 4 to 30.
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (stp)# set config 61440 2 20 15
---------------------------
set port
Syntax:
set port <range> <path cost> <priority> <edge_port> <admin p2p>
Description:
To set up the port information of STP.
Argument:
<range>: syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 26
<path cost>: 0, 1-200000000. The value zero means auto status
<priority>: priority must be a multiple of 16, available from 0 to 240
<edge_port>: Admin Edge Port, <yes|no>
<admin p2p>: Admin point to point, <auto|true|false>
Possible value:
<range> :1 to 26 <path cost>: 0, 1-200000000.
<priority> : 0 to 240 <edge_port> : yes / no
<admin p2p>: auto / true / false
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (stp)# set port 1-16 0 128 yes auto
---------------------------
set version
Syntax:
set version <stp|rstp>
Description:
To set up the version of STP.
Argument:
<stp|rstp>:stp / rstp
Possible value:
<stp|rstp>:stp / rstp
Example:
229
FEL2SW-26 (stp)# set version rstp
---------------------------
show config
Syntax:
show config
Description:
To display the STP configuration data.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (stp)# show config
STP State Configuration :
Spanning Tree Protocol : Enabled
Bridge Priority (0-61440) : 61440
Hello Time (1-10 sec) : 2
Max. Age (6-40 sec) : 20
Forward Delay (4-30 sec) : 15
Force Version : RSTP
---------------------------
show port
Syntax:
show port
Description:
To display the port information of STP.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (stp)# show port
Port Port Status Path Cost Priority Admin Edge Port Admin Point To Point
==== =========== ========= ======== =============== ====================
1 DISCARDING 2000000 128 Yes Auto
2 DISCARDING 2000000 128 Yes Auto
3 DISCARDING 2000000 128 Yes Auto
4 DISCARDING 2000000 128 Yes Auto
5 DISCARDING 2000000 128 Yes Auto
:
:
:
23 DISCARDING 200000 128 No Auto
24 DISCARDING 200000 128 No Auto
25 DISCARDING 20000 128 No Auto
26 DISCARDING 20000 128 No Auto
230
---------------------------
show status
Syntax:
show status
Description:
To display of the status of STP.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (stp)# show status
STP Status :
STP State : Enabled
Bridge ID : 00:40:C7:D8:09:1D
Bridge Priority : 61440
Designated Root : 00:40:C7:D8:09:1D
Designated Priority : 61440
Root Port : 0
Root Path Cost : 0
Current Max. Age(sec) : 20
Current Forward Delay(sec) : 15
Hello Time(sec) : 2
STP Topology Change Count : 0
Time Since Last Topology Change(sec) : 848
231
system
---------------------------
set contact
Syntax:
set contact <contact>
Description:
To set the contact description of the switch.
Argument:
<contact>:string length up to 40 characters.
Possible value:
<contact>: A, b, c, d, ... ,z and 1, 2, 3, …. etc.
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (system)# set contact Taipei
---------------------------
set device-name
Syntax:
set device-name <device-name>
Description:
To set the device name description of the switch.
Argument:
<device-name>: string length up to 40 characters.
Possible value:
<device-name>: A, b, c, d, ... ,z and 1, 2, 3, …. etc.
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (system)# set device-name CR-2600
---------------------------
set location
Syntax:
set location <location>
Description:
To set the location description of the switch.
Argument:
<location>: string length up to 40 characters
Possible value:
<location>: A, b, c, d, ... ,z and 1, 2, 3, …. etc.
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (system)# set location Taipei
232
---------------------------
show
Syntax:
show
Description:
To display the basic information of the switch.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26(system)# show
Model Name : FEL2SW-26
System Description : 24 Fast Ethernet + 2 Gigabit L2 Managed
Switch
Location :
Contact :
Device Name : FEL2SW-26
System Up Time : 0 Days 22 Hours 29 Mins 31 Secs
Current Time : Wed Aug 31 14:03:33 2005
BIOS Version : v1.03
Firmware Version : v2.04
Hardware-Mechanical Version : v65535.65535-v0.04
Serial Number : 123
Host IP Address : 192.168.1.1
Host MAC Address : 00-40-c7-08-00-00
Device Port : UART * 1 TP *24 Fiber * 2
RAM Size : 16 M
Flash Size : 2 M
233
tftp
---------------------------
set server
Syntax:
set server <ip>
Description:
To set up the IP address of tftp server.
Argument:
<ip>: the IP address of tftp server
Possible value:
<ip>: tftp server IP
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (tftp)# set server 192.168.3.111
---------------------------
show
Syntax:
show
Description:
To display the information of tftp server.
Argument:
None
Possible value:
None
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (tftp)# show
Tftp Server : 192.168.3.111
234
time
---------------------------
set daylightsaving
Syntax:
set daylightsaving <hr> <MM/DD/HH> <mm/dd/hh>
Description:
To set up the daylight saving.
Argument:
<hr> : daylight saving hour, range: -5 to +5
<MM> : daylight saving start Month (01-12)
<DD> : daylight saving start Day (01-31)
<HH> : daylight saving start Hour (00-23)
<mm> : daylight saving end Month (01-12)
<dd> : daylight saving end Day (01-31)
<hh> : daylight saving end Hour (00-23)
Possible value:
<hr> : -5 to +5
<MM> : (01-12)
<DD> : (01-31)
<HH> : (00-23)
<mm> : (01-12)
<dd> : (01-31)
<hh> : (00-23)
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (time)# set daylightsaving 3 10/12/01 11/12/01
---------------------------
set manual
Syntax:
set manual <YYYY/MM/DD> <hh:mm:ss>
Description:
To set up the current time manually.
Argument:
<YYYY> : Year (2000-2036) <MM> : Month (01-12)
<DD> : Day (01-31) <hh> : Hour (00-23)
<mm> : Minute (00-59) <ss> : Second (00-59)
Possible value:
<YYYY> : (2000-2036) <MM> : (01-12)
<DD> : (01-31) <hh> : (00-23)
<mm> : (00-59) <ss> : (00-59)
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (time)# set manual 2005/04/21 16:18:50
235
---------------------------
set ntp
Syntax:
set ntp <ip> <timezone>
Description:
To set up the current time via NTP server.
Argument:
<ip>: ntp server ip address or domain name
<timezone>: time zone (GMT), range: -12 to +13
Possible value:
<timezone>: -12,-11…,0,1…,13
Example:
FEML2-SW26E(time)# set ntp clock.via.net 8
Synchronizing...(1)
Synchronization success
---------------------------
show
Syntax:
show
Description:
To show the time configuration, including “Current Time”, “NTP Server”,” Timezone”,
” Daylight Saving”,” Daylight Saving Start” and “Daylight Saving End”
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26(time)# show
Current Time : Wed Apr 21 06:16:22 2005
NTP Server : 209.81.9.7
Timezone : 8
Day light Saving : 4 Hours
Day light Saving Start: Mth: 2 Day: 20 Hour: 10
Day light Saving End : Mth: 3 Day: 20 Hour: 10
FEL2SW-26 (time)#
236
trunk
---------------------------
del trunk
Syntax:
del trunk <port-range>
Description:
To remove the trunk port.
Argument:
<port-range> : syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 26
Possible value:
<port-range> : 1 to 26
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (trunk)# del trunk 1
---------------------------
set hash
Syntax:
set hash <method>
Description:
To set up trunk hash method.
Argument:
<method>: lacp hash method
0: DA and SA
1: SA
2: DA
Note : This hash method applies to both LACP and static trunk.
Possible value:
<method>: 0~2
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (trunk)# set hash 2
---------------------------
set priority
Syntax:
set priority <range>
Description:
To set up the LACP system priority.
Argument:
<range>:available from 1 to 65535.
Possible value:
<range>:1 to 65535.
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (trunk)# set priority 33333
237
---------------------------
set trunk
Syntax:
set trunk <port-range> <method> <group> <active LACP>
Description:
To set up the status of trunk, including the group number and mode of the trunk as
well as LACP mode.
Argument:
<port-range> : syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 26
<method>: <static|lacp>
static : adopt the static link aggregation
lacp : adopt the dynamic link aggregation- link aggregation control protocol
<group>: 1-3.
<active LACP>: <passive|active>
active : set the LACP to active mode
passive : set the LACP to passive mode
Possible value:
<port-range> : 1 to 26
<method>: static or lacp
<group>: 1-3.
<active LACP>: active or passive
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (trunk)# set trunk 2-5 lacp 1 active
---------------------------
show aggtr-view
Syntax:
show aggtr-view
Description:
To display the aggregator list.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (trunk)# show aggtr-view
Aggregator 1) Method: None
Member Ports: 1
Ready Ports:1
Aggregator 2) Method: LACP
Member Ports: 2
Ready Ports:
:
:
:
238
---------------------------
show lacp-config
Syntax:
show lacp-config
Description:
To display the value of LACP Priority.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (trunk)# show lacp-config
LACP System Priority : 33333
Hash Method : DA
---------------------------
show lacp-detail
Syntax:
show lacp-detail <aggtr>
Description:
To display the detailed information of the LACP trunk group.
Argument:
<aggtr> : aggregator, available from 1 to 26
Possible value:
<aggtr> : 1 to 26
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (trunk)# show lacp-detail 2
Aggregator 2 Information:
Actor Partner
--------------------------------- ---------------------------------
System Priority MAC Address System Priority MAC Address
--------------- ----------------- --------------- -----------------
32768 00-40-c7-e8-00-02 32768 00-00-00-00-00-00
Port Key Trunk Status Port Key
------ -------- ----------------- --------------- -----------------
2 257 --- 2 0
239
---------------------------
show status
Syntax:
show status
Description:
To display the aggregator status and the settings of each port.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (trunk)# show status
Trunk Port Setting Trunk Port Status
------------------------------------- ----------------------
port Method Group Active LACP Aggtregator Status
====== ======== ======= ============= ============= ========
1 None 0 Active 1 Ready
2 LACP 1 Active 2 ---
3 LACP 1 Active 3 ---
4 LACP 1 Active 4 ---
5 LACP 1 Active 5 ---
6 None 0 Active 6 ---
7 None 0 Active 7 ---
8 None 0 Active 8 ---
9 None 0 Active 9 ---
10 None 0 Active 10 ---
11 None 0 Active 11 ---
12 None 0 Active 12 ---
13 None 0 Active 13 ---
14 None 0 Active 14 ---
15 None 0 Active 15 ---
16 None 0 Active 16 ---
17 None 0 Active 17 ---
18 None 0 Active 18 ---
19 None 0 Active 19 ---
20 None 0 Active 20 ---
21 None 0 Active 21 ---
22 None 0 Active 22 ---
23 None 0 Active 23 ---
24 None 0 Active 24 ---
25 None 0 Active 25 ---
26 None 0 Active 26 ---
240
vlan
---------------------------
del port-group
Syntax:
del port-group <name>
Description:
To delete the port-based vlan group.
Argument:
<name>: port-vlan name
Possible value:
<name>: port-vlan name
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (vlan)# del port-group vlan-2
---------------------------
del tag-group
Syntax:
del tag-group <vid>
Description:
To delete the tag-based vlan group.
Argument:
<vid>: vlan ID, available from 1 to 4094
Possible value:
<vid>: 1 to 4094
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (vlan)# del tag-group 2
---------------------------
disable double-tag
Syntax:
disable double-tag
Description:
To disable double-tag.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (vlan)# disable double-tag
241
---------------------------
disable drop-untag
Syntax:
disable drop-untag <port_range>
Description:
To disable drop-untag.
Argument:
<port_range>: which port(s) you want not to drop untagged frames. Syntax: 1,5-7,
available from 1 to 26
Possible value:
<port_range>: 1 to 26
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (vlan)# disable drop-untag 2,4,5-7
---------------------------
disable svl
Syntax:
disable svl
Description:
To enable Independent VLAN Learning.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (vlan)# disable svl
---------------------------
disable symmetric
Syntax:
disable symmetric
Description:
To Not drop frames from the non-member port.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (vlan)# disable symmetric
242
---------------------------
enable double-tag
Syntax:
enable double-tag
Description:
To enable double-tag.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (vlan)# enable double-tag
---------------------------
enable drop-untag
Syntax:
enable drop-untag <port_range>
Description:
To enable drop-untag.
Argument:
<port_range>: which port(s) you want to drop untagged frames. Syntax: 1,5-7,
available from 1 to 26
Possible value:
<port_range>: 1 to 26
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (vlan)# enable drop-untag 2,4,5-7
---------------------------
enable svl
Syntax:
enable svl
Description:
To enable Shared VLAN Learning.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (vlan)# enable svl
243
---------------------------
enable symmetric
Syntax:
enable symmetric
Description:
To drop frames from the non-member port.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (vlan)# enable symmetric
---------------------------
set mgt-vlan
Syntax:
set mgt-vlan <state> [vid]
Description:
To assign a management vlan to prevent DoS attack.
Argument:
state: enable or disable this feature
vid : management vlan id
Possible value:
state: 0 for disable; 1 for enable
vid : 1 to 4094
Example:
FEL2SW-26(vlan)# set mgt-vlan 1 1
---------------------------
set mode
Syntax:
set mode <port|tag>
Description:
To switch vlan mode between port-based and tag-based modes.
Argument:
<port|tag>: port or tag
tag: set tag-based vlan
port: set port-based vlan
Possible value:
<port|tag>: port or tag
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (vlan)# set mode tag
---------------------------
set port-group
Syntax:
set port-group <name> <range>
Description:
To add or edit a port-based vlan group.
Argument:
244
<name>: port-vlan name
<range>: vlan group members, syntax: 1,5-7, available from 1 to 26
Possible value:
<range>: 1 to 26
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (vlan)# set port-group vlan-1 2-5,6-10
---------------------------
set pvid
Syntax:
set pvid <port_range> <pvid> <default_priority>
Description:
To set vlan PVID and port pripority.
Argument:
<port_range>: which port(s) you want to set PVID(s). Syntax 1,5-7, available
from 1 to 26
<pvid>: which PVID you want to set, available from 1 to 4094
<default_priority>: which priority you want to set, available from 0 to 7
Possible value:
<port_range>: 1 to 26
<pvid>: 1 to 4094
<default_priority>: 0 to 7
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (vlan)# set pvid 3,5,6-8 5 6
---------------------------
set tag-group
Syntax:
set tag-group <vid> <name> <member_range> <untag_range>
Description:
To add or edit the tag-based vlan group.
Argument:
<vid>: vlan id, from 1 to 4094
<name>: tag-vlan group name
<member_range>: member port; syntax: 1,5-7, available from 1 to 26
<untag_range>: untagged out port; syntax: 1,5-7, available from 0 to 26
set untag_range to 0 as none of the ports are force untagged
Possible value:
<vid>: 1 to 4094
<member_range>: 1 to 26
<untag_range>: 0 to 26
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (vlan)# set tag-group 2 vlan-2 2-5,6,15-13 0
245
---------------------------
show config
Syntax:
show config
Description:
To display the current vlan mode, Symmetric vlan, SVL and Double tag states.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (vlan)# show config
Current vlan mode:Tag-based vlan
Global setting:
Symmetric vlan : Disable (Asymmetric)
SVL : Disable (IVL)
Double tag : Disable
---------------------------
show group
Syntax:
show group
Description:
To display vlan mode and vlan group.
Argument:
None
Possible value:
None
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (vlan)# show group
Vlan mode is tag-based.
1) Name :default
VID :1
Member:1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
25 26
Untag :1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
25 26
2) Name :VLAN-2
VID :2
Member:2 3 4 5 6 13 14 15
Untag :
---------------------------
show mgt-vlan
Syntax:
show mgt-vlan
246
Description:
To display management setting.
Argument:
None
Possible value:
None
Example:
FEL2SW-26(vlan)# show mgt-vlan
Management Vlan:
State : Disable
VID : 1
---------------------------
show pvid
Syntax:
show pvid
Description:
To display pvid, priority and drop untag result.
Argument:
None
Possible value:
None
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (vlan)# show pvid
Port PVID Priority Drop Untag
------ ------ ---------- ------------
1 1 0 Disable
2 1 0 Disable
3 5 6 Disable
4 1 0 Disable
5 5 6 Disable
6 5 6 Disable
7 5 6 Disable
8 5 6 Disable
9 1 0 Disable
10 1 0 Disable
11 1 0 Disable
12 1 0 Disable
13 1 0 Disable
14 1 0 Disable
15 1 0 Disable
16 1 0 Disable
17 1 0 Disable
18 1 0 Disable
19 1 0 Disable
20 1 0 Disable
21 1 0 Disable
247
vs
---------------------------
disable
Syntax:
disable
Description:
To disable the virtual stack.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26(vs)# disable
---------------------------
enable
Syntax:
enable
Description:
To enable the virtual stack.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (vs)# enable
---------------------------
set gid
Syntax:
set gid <gid>
Description:
To set the group id.
Argument:
<gid>: group ID
Possible value:
<gid>: a-z,A-Z,0-9
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (vs)# set gid group1
248
---------------------------
set role
Syntax:
set role <master|slave>
Description:
To set role.
Argument:
<master|slave>: master: act as master, slave : act as slave
Possible value:
<master|slave>: master or slave
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (vs)# set role master
---------------------------
show
Syntax:
show
Description:
To display the configuration of the virtual stack.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
FEL2SW-26 (vs)# show
Virtual Stack Config:
State : Enable
Role : Master
Group ID : group1
249
5. Maintenance
5-1. Resolving No Link Condition
The possible causes for a no link LED status are as follows:
The attached device is not powered on
The cable may not be the correct type or is faulty
The installed building premise cable is faulty
The port may be faulty
5-2. Q&A
1. Computer A can connect to Computer B, but cannot connect to Computer C
through the Managed Switch.
The network device of Computer C may fail to work. Please check the
link/act status of Computer C on the LED indicator. Try another network
device on this connection.
The network configuration of Computer C may be something wrong. Please
verify the network configuration on Computer C.
2. The uplink connection function fails to work.
The connection ports on another must be connection ports. Please check if
connection ports are used on that Managed Switch.
Please check the uplink setup of the Managed Switch to verify the uplink
function is enabled.
3. The console interface cannot appear on the console port connection.
The COM port default parameters are [Baud Rate: 57600, Data Bits: 8,
Parity Bits: None, Stop Bit: A, Flow Control: None]. Please check the COM
port property in the terminal program. And if the parameters are changed,
please set the COM configuration to the new setting.
Check the RS-232 cable is connected well on the console port of the
Managed Switch and COM port of PC.
Check if the COM of the PC is enabled.
4. How to configure the Managed Switch?
The “Hyperterm” is the terminal program in Win95/98/NT. Users can also use
any other terminal programs in Linux/Unix to configure the Managed Switch.
Please refer to the user guide of that terminal program. But the COM port
parameters (baud rate/ data bits/ parity bits/ flow control) must be the same
as the setting of the console port of the Managed Switch.
250
Appendix A
Technical Specifications
Features
• The switch included 24-Port 10/100Mbps TP and 2-Port Gigabit Dual Media
TP/SFP.
• Supports 24-port 10/100M TP ports with Nway and auto MDIX function.
• Supports on-line plug/unplug SFP transceiver modules.
• Non-blocking, store-and-forward and shared-memory L2 managed switch.
• Supports auto-negotiation for configuring speed, duplex mode.
• Supports 802.3x flow control for full-duplex ports.
• Supports collision-based and carrier-based backpressure for half-duplex ports.
• 256-entry Multicast Address table.
• Any ports can be in disable mode, force mode or auto-polling mode.
• Per-port ingress/egress rate control with 64K/128K/256K (up to 100Mbps)
resolution.
• Supports Head of Line (HOL) blocking prevention.
• Supports broadcast storm filtering.
• 8K MAC addresses with automatic learning and aging.
• Auto-aging with programmable inter-age time.
• Supports 802.1p Class of Service with 4-level priority queuing.
• Supports port sniffer function with 3 modes:
(TX Monitor Mode, RX Monitor Mode and TX-RX pair Monitor Mode).
• Supports port-based VLAN, 802.1Q tag-based VLAN with 256 entries.
• Efficient self-learning and address recognition mechanism enables forwarding
rate at wire speed.
• Web-based management provides the ability to completely manage the switch
from any web browser.
• SNMP/Telnet interface delivers complete in-band management.
• Supports IEEE 802.1d Spanning Tree Protocol.
• Supports IEEE 802.1w Rapid Spanning Trees.
• Supports IEEE 802.1x port-based network access control.
• Supports IP Multicasting to implement IGMP Snooping function.
• Supports 802.3ad port trunking with flexible load distribution and failover
function.
• Supports ingress port security mode for VLAN Tagged and Untagged frame
process.
• Supports SNMP MIB2 and RMON sampling with sampled packet error
indication.
251
Hardware Specifications
Standard Compliance: IEEE802.3ab / 802.3z / 802.3u / 802.3x
802.3z and 802.3ab compliant Gigabit Ethernet ports
Transmission Mode: 10/100Mbps support full or half duplex
1000Mbps support full duplex only
Transmission Speed: 10/100/1000Mbps for TP
1000Mbps for Fiber
Full Forwarding/Filtering Packet Rate: PPS (packets per second)
Forwarding Rate Speed
1,488,000PPS 1000Mbps
148,800PPS 100Mbps
14,880PPS 10Mbps
MAC Address and Self-learning: 8K address table entries,
256 VLAN table entries,
256 IP multicast table entries,
Buffer Memory: Embedded 256KB packet buffers and 128KB control memory.
Flow Control: IEEE802.3x compliant for full duplex
Backpressure flow control for half duplex
Cable and Maximum Length:
TP Cat. 5 UTP cable, up to 100m
1000Base-SX MMF Multimode fiber, up to 550m
1000Base-LX SMF Single Mode Fiber, up to10/30/50Km
1000Base-X BiDi SMF Single SMF, BiDi 20Km
252
Diagnostic LED:
System LED : Power
CPURUN
ACT (LEDSET)
FDX (LEDSET)
SPD (LEDSET)
Per Port LED:
10/100M TP Port 1 to 24 : LINK/ACT, FDX, SPD
1000M Fiber/TP Port 25,26 : LINK/ACT, FDX, SPD
Power Requirement : AC Line
Voltage : 100∼240 V
Frequency : 50∼60 Hz
Consumption : 15W
Ambient Temperature : 0° to 40°C
Humidity : 5% to 90%
Dimensions : 44(H) × 442(W) × 209(D) mm
Compliance : FCC Part 15 Class A & CE Mark Approval
253
Management Software Specifications
System Configuration
Auto-negotiation support on 10/100Base-TX
ports, Web browser or console interface can
set transmission speed (10/100Mbps) and
operation mode (Full/Half duplex) on each port,
enable/disable any port, set VLAN group, set
Trunk Connection.
Management Agent SNMP support; MIB II, Bridge MIB, RMON MIB
Spanning Tree Algorithm IEEE 802.1D
VLAN Function Port-Base / 802.1Q-Tagged, allowed up to 256
active VLANs in one switch.
Trunk Function Ports trunk connections allowed
IGMP IP Multicast Filtering by passively snooping
on the IGMP Query.
Bandwidth Control Supports by-port Egress/Ingress rate control
Quality of Service (QoS)
Referred as Class of Service (CoS) by the
IEEE 802.1P standard
Four queues per port
Packet transmission schedule using Weighted
Round Robin (WRR)
User-defined weight
Classification of packet priority can be based on
either a VLAN tag on packet or a user-defined
port priority.
Port Security Limit number of MAC addresses learned per
port static MAC addresses stay in the filtering table.
Internetworking Protocol
Bridging : 802.1D Spanning Tree
IP Multicast : IGMP Snooping
IP Multicast Packet Filtering
Maximum of 256 active VLANs
and IP multicast sessions
Network Management
One RS-232 port as local control console
Telnet remote control console
SNMP agent : MIB-2 (RFC 1213)
Bridge MIB (RFC 1493)
RMON MIB (RFC 1757)-statistics
Ethernet-like MIB (RFC 1643)
Web browser support based on HTTP Server
and CGI parser TFTP software-upgrade capability.
Note: Any specification is subject to change without notice.
254
Appendix B
Null Modem Cable
Specifications
The DB-9 cable is used for connecting a terminal or terminal emulator to the
Managed Switch’s RS-232 port to access the command-line interface.
The table below shows the pin assignments for the DB-9 cable.
Function Mnemonic Pin
Carrier CD 1
Receive Data RXD 2
Transmit Data TXD 3
Data Terminal Ready DTR 4
Signal Ground GND 5
Data Set Ready DSR 6
Request To Send RTS 7
Clear To Send CTS 8
9 Pin Null Modem Cable
CD 1 4 DTR
DSR 6 1 CD
DTR 4 6 DSR
RXD 2 3 TXD
TXD 3 2 RXD
GND 5 5 GND
RTS 7 8 CTS
CTS 8 7 RTS
Reserve 9 9 Reserve
