LINKSYS NWR11B Wireless-B Broadband Router User Manual NWR11B user guide

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Wireless-B Broadband Router

Network Everywhere®Series

• Starting MAC Filter. This option will allow you to prevent wireless users

on your network from accessing the Router’s functions.

Clicking the Active MAC Table button will display the MAC Addresses of

all users on your wireless network. Addresses in green show access to the

Router, while addresses in red do not have access.

To filter users, click the Edit MAC Filter Setting button.

Click the Wireless MAC Entry drop-down menu to select a range of

entries for your network. From within this range, select the entry for which

you’d like to manage access. Verify that the appropriate MAC Address is

entered into the MAC Address field. Click the Filter checkbox beside that

MAC Address. Now, this user will be prevented from accessing the Router.

All other users will have access. To allow only that user and deny access to

all others, leave Filter unchecked.

Click the Apply button to set these changes or Undo if you do not wish

these changes to go into effect.

To apply any of the settings you’ve changed on this page, click the Apply but-

ton. To cancel any values you’ve entered on this page, click the Cancel button.

If you should need any further information about anything on this screen, click

the Help button.

Appendix A: Troubleshooting

This appendix consists of two parts: “Common Problems and Solutions” and

“Frequently Asked Questions.” Provided are possible solutions to problems

regarding the installation and operation of the Router. If your situation is described

here, the problem should be solved by applying the corresponding solution. If you

can’t find an answer here, check the Network Everwhere website at www.net-

workeverywhere.com.

1. I need to set a static IP address on a PC.

The Router, by default, assigns an IP address range of 192.168.1.100 to

192.168.1.149 using the DHCP server on the Router. To set a static IP address, you

can only use the ranges 192.168.1.2 to 192.168.1.99 and 192.168.1.151 to

192.168.1.254. Each PC or network device that uses TCP/IP must have a unique

address to identify itself in a network. If the IP address is not unique to a network,

Windows will generate an IP conflict error message. You can assign a static IP

address to a PC by performing the following steps:

For Windows 98 SE and Me:

A. Click Start, Settings, and Control Panel. Double-click Network.

B. In The following network components are installed box, select the TCP/IP->

associated with your Ethernet adapter. If you only have one Ethernet adapter

installed, you will only see one TCP/IP line with no association to an Ethernet

adapter. Highlight it and click the Properties button.

C. In the TCP/IP properties window, select the IP address tab, and select Specify

an IP address. Enter a unique IP address that is not used by any other com-

puter on the network connected to the Router. You can only use an IP address

in the ranges 192.168.1.2 to 192.168.1.99 and 192.168.1.151 to

192.168.1.254. Make sure that each IP address is unique for each PC or net-

work device.

D. Click the Gateway tab, and in the New Gateway prompt, enter 192.168.1.1,

which is the default IP address of the Router. Click the Add button to accept

the entry.

E. Click the DNS tab, and make sure the DNS Enabled option is selected. Enter

the Host and Domain names (e.g., John for Host and home for Domain).

Enter the DNS entry provided by your ISP. If your ISP has not provided the

DNS IP address, contact your ISP to get that information or go to its website

for the information.

F. Click the OK button in the TCP/IP properties window, and click Close or the

OK button for the Network window.

G. Restart the computer when prompted.

Common Problems and Solutions

Wireless-B Broadband Router

Network Everywhere®Series

I. Click the OK button in the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties window.

Click the OK button in the Local Area Connection Properties window.

2. I want to test my Internet connection.

A. Check your TCP/IP settings.

For Windows 98 SE and Me:

Refer to your Ethernet adapter’s documentation for details. Make sure

Obtain IP address automatically is selected in the settings.

For Windows 2000:

• Click Start, Settings, and Control Panel. Double-click Network and

Dial-Up Connections.

• Right-click the Local Area Connection that is associated with the

Ethernet adapter you are using, and select the Properties option.

• In the Components checked are used by this connection box, highlight

Internet Protocol (TCP/IP), and click the Properties button. Make sure

that Obtain an IP address automatically and Obtain DNS server

address automatically are selected.

• Click the OK button in the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties win-

dow, and click the OK button in the Local Area Connection Properties

window.

• Restart the computer if asked.

For Windows XP:

The following instructions assume you are running Windows XP with the

default interface. If you are using the Classic interface (where the icons and

menus look like previous Windows versions), please follow the instructions

for Windows 2000.

• Click Start and Control Panel.

• Click the Network and Internet Connections icon and then the

Network Connections icon.• Right-click the Local Area Connection

that is associated with the Ethernet adapter you are using, and select the

Properties option.

• In the This connection uses the following items box, highlight Internet

Protocol (TCP/IP), and click the Properties button. Make sure that

Obtain an IP address automatically and Obtain DNS server address

automatically are selected.

For Windows 2000:

A. Click Start, Settings, and Control Panel. Double-click Network and

Dial-Up Connections.

B. Right-click the Local Area Connection that is associated with the Ethernet

adapter you are using, and select the Properties option.

C. In the Components checked are used by this connection box, highlight

Internet Protocol (TCP/IP), and click the Properties button. Select Use

the following IP address option.

D. Enter a unique IP address that is not used by any other computer on the

network connected to the Router. You can only use an IP address in the

ranges 192.168.1.2 to 192.168.1.99 and 192.168.1.151 to 192.168.1.254.

E. Enter the Subnet Mask, 255.255.255.0.

F. Enter the Default Gateway, 192.168.1.1 (Router’s default IP address).

G. Toward the bottom of the window, select Use the following DNS server

addresses, and enter the Preferred DNS server and Alternative DNS

server (provided by your ISP). Contact your ISP or go on its website to find

the information.

H. Click the OK button in the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties window,

and click the OK button in the Local Area Connection Properties window.

I. Restart the computer if asked.

For Windows XP:

The following instructions assume you are running Windows XP with the

default interface. If you are using the Classic interface (where the icons and

menus look like previous Windows versions), please follow the instructions for

Windows 2000.

A. Click Start and Control Panel.

B. Click the Network and Internet Connections icon and then the Network

Connections icon.

C. Right-click the Local Area Connection that is associated with the Ethernet

adapter you are using, and select the Properties option.

D. In the This connection uses the following items box, highlight Internet

Protocol (TCP/IP). Click the Properties button.

E. Enter a unique IP address that is not used by any other computer on the net-

work connected to the Router. You can only use an IP address in the ranges

192.168.1.2 to 192.168.1.99 and 192.168.1.151 to 192.168.1.254.

F. Enter the Subnet Mask, 255.255.255.0.

G. Enter the Default Gateway, 192.168.1.1 (Router’s default IP address).

H. Toward the bottom of the window, select Use the following DNS server

addresses, and enter the Preferred DNS server and Alternative DNS

server (provided by your ISP). Contact your ISP or go on its website to find

the information.

Wireless-B Broadband Router

Network Everywhere®Series

C. Make sure you are using the right Internet settings. Contact your ISP to see

if your Internet connection type is DHCP, Static IP Address, or PPPoE

(commonly used by DSL consumers). Please refer to the Setup section of

“Chapter 5: The Router’s Web-based Utility” for details on Internet settings.

D. Make sure you have the right cable. Check to see if the Internet column has

a solidly lit Link LED.

E. Make sure the cable connecting from your cable or DSL modem is con-

nected to the Router’s Internet port. Verify that the Status page of the

Router’s web interface shows a valid IP address from your ISP.

F. Turn off the computer, Router, and Broadband modem. Wait 30 seconds,

and then turn on the Router, Cable/DSL modem, and computer. Check the

Status tab of the Router’s web-based utility to see if you get an IP address.

4. I am not able to access the Router’s web interface Setup page.

A. Refer to “Problem #2, I want to test my Internet connection” to verify that

your computer is properly connected to the Router.

B. Refer to “Appendix D: Finding the MAC Address and IP address for Your

Ethernet Adapter” to verify that your computer has an IP Address, Subnet

Mask, Gateway, and DNS.

C. Set a static IP address on your system; refer to “Problem #1: I need to set a

static IP address.”

D. Refer to “Problem #10: I need to remove the proxy settings or the dial-up

pop-up window (for PPPoE users).”

5. I can’t get my Virtual Private Network (VPN) working through the Router.

Access the Router’s web interface by going to http://192.168.1.1 or the IP

address of the Router, and go to the Advanced => Filter tab. Make sure you

have IPsec pass-through and/or PPTP pass-through enabled.

VPNs that use IPSec with the ESP (Encapsulation Security Payload known as

protocol 50) authentication will work fine. At least one IPSec session will work

through the Router; however, simultaneous IPSec sessions may be possible,

depending on the specifics of your VPNs.

VPNs that use IPSec and AH (Authentication Header known as protocol 51)

are incompatible with the Router. AH has limitations due to occasional incom-

patibility with the NAT standard.

• Click the OK button in the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties win-

dow, and click the OK button in the Local Area Connection Properties

window.

• Restart the computer if asked.

B. Open a command prompt.

• For Windows 98 SE and Me, please click Start and Run. In the Open

field, type in command. Press the Enter key or click the OK button.

• For Windows 2000 and XP, please click Start and Run. In the Open

field, type cmd. Press the Enter key or click the OK button.

C. In the command prompt, type ping 192.168.1.1 and press the Enter key.

• If you get a reply, the computer is communicating with the Router.

• If you do NOT get a reply, please check the cable, and make sure Obtain

an IP address automatically is selected in the TCP/IP settings for your

Ethernet adapter.

D. In the command prompt, type ping followed by your Internet IP address and

press the Enter key. The WAN (or Internet) IP Address can be found in the

web interface of the Router. For example, if your WAN IP address is 1.2.3.4,

you would enter ping 1.2.3.4 and press the Enter key.

• If you get a reply, the computer is connected to the Router.

• If you do NOT get a reply, try the ping command from a different com-

puter to verify that your original computer is not the cause of the problem.

E. In the command prompt, type ping www.yahoo.com and press the Enter

key.

• If you get a reply, the computer is connected to the Internet. If you cannot

open a webpage, try the ping command from a different computer to ver-

ify that your original computer is not the cause of the problem.

• If you do NOT get a reply, there may be a problem with the connection.

Try the ping command from a different computer to verify that your orig-

inal computer is not the cause of the problem.

3. I am not getting an IP address on the Internet with my Internet connection.

A. Refer to “Problem #2, I want to test my Internet connection” to verify that

you have connectivity.

B. If you need to register the MAC address of your Ethernet adapter with your

ISP, please see “Appendix D: Finding the MAC address and IP Address for

Your Ethernet Adapter.” If you need to clone the MAC address of your

Ethernet adapter onto the Router, see the MAC Address Clone section of

“Chapter 5:The Router’s Web-based Utility” for details.

Wireless-B Broadband Router

Network Everywhere®Series

F. Check the Enable option for the port services you want to use. Consider the

example below:

Customized Ext. Port TCP UDP IP Address Enable

Application

Web server 80 to 80 X X 192.168.1.100 X

FTP server 21 to 21 X 192.168.1.101 X

SMTP (outgoing)25 to 25 X X 192.168.1.102 X

POP3 (incoming) 110 to 110 X X 192.168.1.102 X

When you have completed the configuration, click the Apply button.

7. I need to set up online game hosting or use other Internet applications.

If you want to play online games or use Internet applications, most will work

without doing any port forwarding or DMZ hosting. There may be cases when

you want to host an online game or Internet application. This would require

you to set up the Router to deliver incoming packets or data to a specific com-

puter. This also applies to the Internet applications you are using. The best way

to get the information on what port services to use is to go to the website of the

online game or application you want to use. Follow these steps to set up online

game hosting or use a certain Internet application:

A. Access the Router’s web interface by going to http://192.168.1.1 or the IP

address of the Router. Go to the Advanced => Forwarding tab and click

the View Port Range Forwarding button.

B. Enter any name you want to use for the Customized Application.

C. Enter the Ext. Port range of the service you are using. For example, if you

want to host Unreal Tournament (UT), you would enter the range 7777 to

27900.

D. Check the protocol you will be using, TCP and/or UDP.

E. Enter the IP address of the PC or network device that you want the port

server to go to. For example, if the web server’s Ethernet adapter IP address

is 192.168.1.100, you would enter 100 in the field provided. Check

“Appendix D: Finding the MAC Address and IP Address for Your Ethernet

Adapter” for details on getting an IP address.

Change the IP address for the Router to another subnet to avoid a conflict

between the VPN IP address and your local IP address. For example, if your

VPN server assigns an IP address 192.168.1.X (X is a number from 1 to 254)

and your local LAN IP address is 192.168.1.X (X is the same number used in

the VPN IP address), the Router will have difficulties routing information to

the right location. If you change the Router’s IP address to 192.168.2.1, that

should solve the problem. Change the Router’s IP address through the Setup tab

of the web interface. If you assigned a static IP address to any computer or net-

work device on the network, you need to change its IP address accordingly to

192.168.2.Y (Y being any number from 1 to 254). Note that each IP address

must be unique within the network.

Your VPN may require port 500/UDP packets to be passed to the computer that

is connecting to the IPSec server. Refer to “Problem #7, I need to set up online

game hosting or use other Internet applications” for details.

Check the Network Everywhere website for more information at www.net-

workeverywhere.com.

6. I need to set up a server behind my Router.

To use a server like a web, ftp, or mail server, you need to know the respective

port numbers they are using. For example, port 80 (HTTP) is used for web;

port 21 (FTP) is used for FTP, and port 25 (SMTP outgoing) and port 110

(POP3 incoming) are used for the mail server. You can get more information

by viewing the documentation provided with the server you installed. Follow

these steps to set up port forwarding through the Router’s web-based utility. We

will be setting up web, ftp, and mail servers.

A. Access the Router’s web-based utility by going to http://192.168.1.1 or the

IP address of the Router. Go to the Advanced => Forwarding tab and

click the View Port Range Forwarding button.

B. Enter any name you want to use for the Customized Application.

C. Enter the Ext. Port range of the service you are using. For example, if you

have a web server, you would enter the range 80 to 80.

D. Check the protocol you will be using, TCP and/or UDP.

E. Enter the IP address of the PC or network device that you want the port

server to go to. For example, if the web server’s Ethernet adapter IP address

is 192.168.1.100, you would enter 100 in the field provided. Check

“Appendix D: Finding the MAC Address and IP Address for Your Ethernet

Adapter” for details on getting an IP address.

Wireless-B Broadband Router

Network Everywhere®Series

9. I forgot my password, or the password prompt always appears when saving set-

tings to the Router.

Reset the Router to factory default by pressing the Reset button for 30 seconds

and then releasing it. If you are still getting prompted for a password when sav-

ing settings, then perform the following steps:

A. Access the Router’s web interface by going to http://192.168.1.1 or the IP

address of the Router. Enter the default password admin, and click the

Password tab.

B. Enter a different password in the Router Password field, and enter this new

password in the second field to confirm the password.

C. Click the Apply button.

10. I am a PPPoE user, and I need to remove the proxy settings or the dial-up pop-

up window.

If you have proxy settings, you need to disable these on your computer.

Because the Router is the gateway for the Internet connection, the computer

does not need any proxy settings to gain access. Please follow these directions

to verify that you do not have any proxy settings and that the browser you use

is set to connect directly to the LAN.

For Microsoft Internet Explorer 5.0 or higher:

A. Click Start, Settings, and Control Panel. Double-click Internet Options.

B. Click the Connections tab.

C. Click the LAN settings button and remove anything that is checked.

D. Click the OK button to go back to the previous screen.

E. Click the option Never dial a connection. This will remove any dial-up

pop-ups for PPPoE users.

For Netscape 4.7 or higher:

A. Start Netscape Navigator, and click Edit, Preferences, Advanced, and

Proxies.

B. Make sure you have Direct connection to the Internet selected on this

screen.

C. Close all the windows to finish.

11. To start over, I need to set the Router to factory default.

Hold the Reset button for up to 30 seconds and then release it. This will return

the password, forwarding, and other settings on the Router to the factory

default settings. In other words, the Router will revert to its original factory

configuration.

F. Check the Enable option for the port services you want to use. Consider the

example below:

Customized Ext. Port TCP UDP IP Address Enable

Application

UT 7777 to 27900 X X 192.168.1.100 X

Halflife 27015 to 27015 X X 192.168.1.105 X

PC Anywhere 5631 to 5631 X 192.168.1.102 X

VPN IPSEC 500 to 500 X 192.168.1.100 X

When you have completed the configuration, click the Apply button.

8. I can’t get the Internet game, server, or application to work.

If you are having difficulties getting any Internet game, server, or application

to function properly, consider exposing one PC to the Internet using

DeMilitarized Zone (DMZ) hosting. This option is available when an applica-

tion requires too many ports or when you are not sure which port services to

use. Make sure you disable all the forwarding entries if you want to success-

fully use DMZ hosting, since forwarding has priority over DMZ hosting. (In

other words, data that enters the Router will be checked first by the forwarding

settings. If the port number that the data enters from does not have port for-

warding, then the Router will send the data to whichever PC or network device

you set for DMZ hosting.) Follow these steps to set DMZ hosting:

A. Access the Router’s web-based utility by going to http://192.168.1.1 or the

IP address of the Router. Go to the Advanced => Forwarding tab and

click the View Port Range Forwarding button.

B. Disable or remove the entries you have entered for forwarding. Keep this

information in case you want to use it at a later time.

C. Click the DMZ Host tab.

D. Enter the Ethernet adapter’s IP address of the computer you want exposed

to the Internet. This will bypass the NAT firewall for that computer. Please

refer to “Appendix D: Finding the MAC Address and IP Address for Your

Ethernet Adapter” for details on getting an IP address.

Once completed with the configuration, click the Apply button.

Wireless-B Broadband Router

Network Everywhere®Series

F. You may see the login status display as Connecting. Press the F5 key to

refresh the screen, until you see the login status display as Connected.

G. Click the Apply button to continue.

If the connection is lost again, follow steps E to G to re-establish connection.

15. I can't access my email, web, or VPN, or I am getting corrupted data from the

Internet.

The Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) setting may need to be adjusted. By

default, the MTU is set at 1500. For most DSL users, it is strongly recom-

mended to use MTU 1492. If you are having some difficulties, perform the fol-

lowing steps:

A. To connect to the Router, go to the web browser, and enter

http://192.168.1.1 or the IP address of the Router.

B. Enter the password, if asked. (The default password is admin.)

C. Click the Advanced => Filter tab.

D. Look for the MTU option, and select Enable. In the Size field, enter 1492.

E. Click the Apply button to continue.

If your difficulties continue, change the Size to different values. Try this list of

values, one value at a time, in this order, until your problem is solved:

1462

1400

1362

1300

16. I need to use port triggering.

Port triggering looks at the outgoing port services used and will trigger the

Router to open a specific port, depending on which port an Internet application

uses. Follow these steps:

A. To connect to the Router, go to the web browser, and enter

http://192.168.1.1 or the IP address of the Router.

B. Enter the password, if asked. (The default password is admin.)

C. Click the Advanced => Forwarding tab, and click the Port Trigger button.

D. Enter any name you want to use for the Application Name.

E. Enter the Triggered Port Range. Check with your Internet application

provider for more information on which outgoing port services it is using.

F. Enter the Incoming Port Range. Check with your Internet Application

provider for more information on which incoming port services are

required by the Internet application.

12. I need to upgrade the firmware.

In order to upgrade the firmware with the latest features, you need to go to the

Network Everywhere website and download the latest firmware at www.net-

workeverywhere.com. Follow these steps:

A. Go to the Linksys website at http://www.networkeverywhere.com and

download the latest firmware.

B. To upgrade the firmware, follow the steps in the Help section found in

“Chapter 5: The Router’s Web-based Utility.”

13. The firmware upgrade failed, and/or the Diag LED is flashing.

The upgrade could have failed for a number of reasons. Follow these steps to

upgrade the firmware and/or make the Diag LED stop flashing:

A. If the firmware upgrade failed, use the TFTP program (it was downloaded

along with the firmware). Open the pdf that was downloaded along with the

firmware and TFTP program, and follow the pdf’s instructions.

B. Set a static IP address on the PC; refer to “Problem #1, I need to set a stat-

ic IP address.” Use the following IP address settings for the computer you

are using:

IP Address: 192.168.1.50

Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0

Gateway: 192.168.1.1

C. Perform the upgrade using the TFTP program or the Router’s web-based

utility through its Help tab.

14. My DSL service’s PPPoE is always disconnecting.

PPPoE is not actually a dedicated or always-on connection. The DSL ISP can

disconnect the service after a period of inactivity, just like a normal phone dial-

up connection to the Internet. There is a setup option to “keep alive” the con-

nection. This may not always work, so you may need to re-establish connec-

tion periodically.

A. To connect to the Router, go to the web browser, and enter

http://192.168.1.1 or the IP address of the Router.

B. Enter the password, if asked. (The default password is admin.)

C. In the Setup tab, select the option Keep Alive, and set the Redial Period

option at 20 (seconds).

D. Click the Apply button.

E. Click the Status tab, and click the Connect button.

Wireless-B Broadband Router

Network Everywhere®Series

What is the maximum number of IP addresses that the Router will support? The

Router will support up to 253 IP addresses.

Is IPSec Pass-Through supported by the Router? Yes, it is a built-in feature that

the Router automatically enables.

Where is the Router installed on the network? In a typical environment, the

Router is installed between the cable/DSL modem and the LAN. Plug the

Router into the cable/DSL modem’s Ethernet port.

Does the Router support IPX or AppleTalk? No. TCP/IP is the only protocol stan-

dard for the Internet and has become the global standard for communications.

IPX, a NetWare communications protocol used only to route messages from

one node to another, and AppleTalk, a communications protocol used on

Apple and Macintosh networks, can be used for LAN to LAN connections,

but those protocols cannot connect from Internet to LAN.

What is Network Address Translation and what is it used for? Network Address

Translation (NAT) translates multiple IP addresses on the private LAN to one

public address that is sent out to the Internet. This adds a level of security

since the address of a PC connected to the private LAN is never transmitted

on the Internet. Furthermore, NAT allows the Router to be used with low cost

Internet accounts, such as DSL or cable modems, when only one TCP/IP

address is provided by the ISP. The user may have many private addresses

behind this single address provided by the ISP.

Does the Router support any operating system other than Windows 98 SE,

Windows 2000, Windows NT, or Windows XP? Yes, but Network Everywhere

does not, at this time, provide technical support for setup, configuration or

troubleshooting of any non-Windows operating systems.

Does the Router support ICQ send file? Yes, with the following fix: click ICQ

menu -> preference -> connections tab->, and check I am behind a fire-

wall or proxy. Then set the firewall time-out to 80 seconds in the firewall set-

ting. The Internet user can then send a file to a user behind the Router.

I set up an Unreal Tournament Server, but others on the LAN cannot join. What do

I need to do? If you have a dedicated Unreal Tournament server running, you

need to create a static IP for each of the LAN computers and forward ports

Frequently Asked Questions

17. The Diag LED stays lit continuously.

• The Diag LED lights up when the device is first powered on. Then, the

system will boot up itself and check for proper operation. After finishing

the checking procedure, the LED turns off to show that the system is

working fine. If the LED remains lit after this time, the device is not

working properly. Try to flash the firmware by assigning a static IP

address to the computer, and then upgrade the firmware. Try using the

following settings, IP Address: 192.168.1.50 and Subnet Mask:

255.255.255.0.

18. When I enter a URL or IP address, I get a time-out error or am prompted to retry.

• Check if other PCs work. If they do, ensure that your workstation’s IP set-

tings are correct (IP Address, Subnet Mask, Default Gateway, and DNS).

Restart the computer that is having a problem.

• If the PCs are configured correctly, but still not working, check the

Router. Ensure that it is connected and ON. Connect to it and check its

settings. (If you cannot connect to it, check the LAN and power connec-

tions.)

• If the Router is configured correctly, check your Internet connection

(DSL/cable modem, etc.) to see if it is working correctly. You can remove

the Router to verify a direct connection.

• Manually configure the TCP/IP with a DNS address provided by your

ISP.

• Make sure that your browser is set to connect directly and that any dial-

up is disabled. For Internet Explorer, click Tools, Internet Options, and

then the Connection tab. Make sure that Internet Explorer is set to Never

dial a connection. For Netscape Navigator, click Edit, Preferences,

Advanced, and Proxy. Make sure that Netscape Navigator is set to

Direct connection to the Internet.

19. The Full/Col LED keeps flickering continuously.

• Check the Category 5 Ethernet cable and its RJ-45 connectors.

• There may be interference with other network devices. Try removing

other PCs or network devices to see if the problem persists. Eliminate

each network device one at a time to determine the cause.

Wireless-B Broadband Router

Network Everywhere®Series

How will I be notified of new Router firmware upgrades? All Network

Everywhere firmware upgrades are posted on the Linksys website at

www.networkeverywhere.com, where they can be downloaded for free. The

Router’s firmware can be upgraded with TFTP programs. If the Router’s

Internet connection is working well, there is no need to download a newer

firmware version, unless that version contains new features that you would

like to use. Downloading a more current version of Router firmware will not

enhance the quality or speed of your Internet connection, and may disrupt

your current connection stability.

Will the Router function in a Macintosh environment? Yes, but the Router’s setup

pages are accessible only through Internet Explorer 4.0 or Netscape

Navigator 4.0 or higher for Macintosh.

I am not able to get the web configuration screen for the Router. What can I do?

You may have to remove the proxy settings on your Internet browser, e.g.,

Netscape Navigator or Internet Explorer. Or remove the dial-up settings on

your browser. Check with your browser documentation, and make sure that

your browser is set to connect directly and that any dial-up is disabled. Make

sure that your browser is set to connect directly and that any dial-up is dis-

abled. For Internet Explorer, click Tools, Internet Options, and then the

Connection tab. Make sure that Internet Explorer is set to Never dial a con-

nection. For Netscape Navigator, click Edit, Preferences, Advanced, and

Proxy. Make sure that Netscape Navigator is set to Direct connection to the

Internet.

What is DMZ Hosting? Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) allows one IP address (com-

puter) to be exposed to the Internet. Some applications require multiple

TCP/IP ports to be open. It is recommended that you set your computer with

a static IP if you want to use DMZ Hosting. To get the LAN IP address, see

“Appendix D: Finding the MAC Address and IP Address for Your Ethernet

Adapter.”

If DMZ Hosting is used, does the exposed user share the public IP with the Router?

No.

Does the Router pass PPTP packets or actively route PPTP sessions? The Router

allows PPTP packets to pass through.

Is the Router cross-platform compatible? Any platform that supports Ethernet

and TCP/IP is compatible with the Router.

7777, 7778, 7779, 7780, 7781, and 27900 to the IP address of the server. You

can also use a port forwarding range of 7777 ~ 27900. If you want to use the

UT Server Admin, forward another port (8080 usually works well but is used

for remote admin. You may have to disable this.), and then in the

[UWeb.WebServer] section of the server.ini file, set the ListenPort to 8080 (to

match the mapped port above) and ServerName to the IP assigned to the

Router from your ISP.

Can multiple gamers on the LAN get on one game server and play simultaneously

with just one public IP address? It depends on which network game or what

kind of game server you are using. For example, Unreal Tournament supports

multi-login with one public IP.

How do I get

Half-Life: Team Fortress

to work with the Router? The default client

port for Half-Life is 27005. The computers on your LAN need to have

“+clientport 2700x” added to the HL shortcut command line; the x would be

6, 7, 8, and on up. This lets multiple computers connect to the same server.

One problem: Version 1.0.1.6 won’t let multiple computers with the same CD

key connect at the same time, even if on the same LAN (not a problem with

1.0.1.3). As far as hosting games, the HL server does not need to be in the

DMZ. Just forward port 27015 to the local IP address of the server comput-

er.

The web page hangs; downloads are corrupt, or nothing but junk characters are

being displayed on the screen. What do I need to do? Force your Ethernet

adapter to 10Mbps or half duplex mode, and turn off the “Auto-negotiate”

feature of your Ethernet adapter as a temporary measure. (Please look at the

Network Control Panel in your Ethernet adapter’s Advanced Properties tab.)

Make sure that your proxy setting is disabled in the browser. Check our web-

site at www.linksys.com for more information.

If all else fails in the installation, what can I do? Reset the Router by holding

down the reset button for about 30 seconds. Reset your cable or DSL modem

by powering the unit off and then on. Obtain and flash the latest firmware

release that is readily available on the Network Everywhere website,

www.networkeverywhere.com.

Wireless-B Broadband Router

• Multi-Channel Roaming

• Automatic Rate Selection

• RTS/CTS feature

• Fragmentation

• Power Management

What is BSS ID? A specific Ad-hoc LAN is called a Basic Service Set (BSS).

Computers in a BSS must be configured with the same BSS ID.

What is SSID? An Infrastructure configuration could also support roaming

capability for mobile workers. More than one BSS can be configured as an

Extended Service Set (ESS). Users within an ESS could roam freely between

BSSs while maintaining a continuous connection to the wireless network sta-

tions and Access Points.

What is ISM band? The FCC and their counterparts outside of the U.S. have set

aside bandwidth for unlicensed use in the ISM (Industrial, Scientific and

Medical) band. This presents a truly revolutionary opportunity to place con-

venient high speed wireless capabilities in the hands of users around the

globe.

What is Spread Spectrum? Spread Spectrum technology is a wideband radio fre-

quency technique developed by the military for use in reliable, secure, mis-

sion-critical communications systems. It is designed to trade off bandwidth

efficiency for reliability, integrity, and security. In other words, more band-

width is consumed than in the case of narrowband transmission, but the trade-

off produces a signal that is, in effect, louder and thus easier to detect, pro-

vided that the receiver knows the parameters of the spread-spectrum signal

being broadcast. If a receiver is not tuned to the right frequency, a spread-

spectrum signal looks like background noise. There are two main variations,

Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) and Frequency Hopping Spread

Spectrum (FHSS).

What is DSSS? What is FHSS? And what are their differences? Frequency

Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS) uses a narrowband carrier that changes

frequency in a pattern that is known to both transmitter and receiver. Properly

synchronized, the net effect is to maintain a single logical channel. To an

unintended receiver, FHSS appears to be short-duration impulse noise. Direct

Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) generates a redundant bit pattern for each

bit to be transmitted. This bit pattern is called a chip (or chipping code). The

longer the chip, the greater the probability that the original data can be recov-

Network Everywhere®Series

How many ports can be simultaneously forwarded? Theoretically, the Router can

establish 520 sessions at the same time, but you can only forward 10 ranges

of ports.

Does the Router replace a modem? Is there a cable or DSL modem in the Router?

No, this version of the Router must work in conjunction with a cable or DSL

modem.

Which modems are compatible with the Router? The Router is compatible with

virtually any cable or DSL modem that supports Ethernet.

What are the advanced features of the Router? The Router’s advanced features

include IP Filtering, Port Range Forwarding, Dynamic Routing, Static

Routing, DMZ hosting, and MAC Address Cloning.

What is the maximum number of VPN sessions allowed by the Router?

The maximum number depends on many factors. At least one IPSec session

will work through the Router; however, simultaneous IPSec sessions may be

possible, depending on the specifics of your VPNs.

How can I check whether I have static or DHCP IP Addresses? Consult your ISP

to obtain this information.

How do I get mIRC to work with the Router? Under the Port Range Forwarding

tab, set port forwarding to 113 for the PC on which you are using mIRC.

Can the Router act as my DHCP Server? Yes. The Router has DHCP Server soft-

ware built-in.

Can I run an application from a remote computer over the wireless network? This

will depend on whether or not the application is designed to be used over a

network. Consult the application’s documentation to determine if it supports

operation over a network.

What is the IEEE 802.11b standard? The IEEE 802.11b Wireless LAN standards

subcommittee formulates the standard for the industry. The objective is to

enable wireless LAN hardware from different manufacturers to communicate.

What IEEE 802.11 features are supported? The product supports the following

IEEE 802.11 functions:

• CSMA/CA plus Acknowledge protocol

Wireless-B Broadband Router

Network Everywhere®Series

ered. Even if one or more bits in the chip are damaged during transmission,

statistical techniques embedded in the radio can recover the original data

without the need for retransmission. To an unintended receiver, DSSS appears

as low power wideband noise and is rejected (ignored) by most narrowband

receivers.

Would the information be intercepted while transmitting on air? WLAN features

two-fold protection in security. On the hardware side, as with Direct

Sequence Spread Spectrum technology, it has the inherent security feature of

scrambling. On the software side, the WLAN series offers the encryption

function (WEP) to enhance security and access control. Users can set it up

depending upon their needs.

What is WEP? WEP is Wired Equivalent Privacy, a data privacy mechanism

based on a 40/64 bit shared key algorithm, as described in the IEEE 802.11

standard.

What is a MAC Address? The Media Access Control (MAC) address is a unique

number assigned by the manufacturer to any Ethernet networking device,

such as a network adapter, that allows the network to identify it at the hard-

ware level. For all practical purposes, this number is usually permanent.

Unlike IP addresses, which can change every time a computer logs on to the

network, the MAC address of a device stays the same, making it a valuable

identifier for the network.

If your questions are not addressed here,

refer to the Network Everywhere website,

www.networkeverywhere.com.

Appendix B: How to Ping Your ISP’s

E-mail and Web Addresses

Virtually all Internet addresses are configured with words or characters (i.e.,

www.networkeverywhere.com, www.yahoo.com, etc.) In actuality, however,

these Internet addresses are assigned to IP addresses, which are the true

addresses on the Internet.

IP and web addresses, however, can sometimes be long and hard to remember.

Because of this, certain ISPs will shorten their server addresses to single words

or codes on their users’ web browser or e-mail configurations. If your ISP’s e-

mail and web server addresses are configured with single words (“www,” “e-

mail,” “home,” “pop3,” etc.) rather than whole Internet Addresses or IP

Addresses, the Router may have problems sending or receiving mail and

accessing the Internet. This happens because the Router has not been config-

ured by your ISP to accept their abbreviated server addresses.

The solution is to determine the true web addresses behind your ISP’s code

words. You can determine the IP and web addresses of your ISP’s servers by

“pinging” them.

Step One: Pinging an IP Address

The first step to determining your ISP’s web and e-mail server address is to

ping its IP address.

1. Power on the computer and the cable or DSL modem, and restore the

network configuration set by your ISP if you have since changed it.

2. Click Start, then Run, and type “command.” This will bring up the DOS

window.

NNoottee::If you don’t have your ISP’s web and e-mail IP addresses, you must

either get them from your ISP or follow these steps prior to connecting the

Router to your network.

Wireless-B Broadband Router

Network Everywhere®Series

2. Write down the web address returned by the ping command (in the

example above: mail.msnv3.occa.home.com.). This web address is the web

address assigned to the IP address you just pinged. While the IP address of

“mail” could conceivably change, it is likely that this web address will not.

3. Replace your ISP’s abbreviated server address with this extended web

address in the corresponding Internet application (web browser, e-mail

application, etc.).

Once you have replaced the brief server address with the true server address,

the Router should have no problem accessing the Internet through that Internet

application.

C:\>ping -a 24.53.32.4

Pinging mail.msnv3.occa.home.com [24.53.32.4] with

32 bytes of data:

Reply from 24.53.32.4: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=127

Ping statistics for 24.53.32.4:

Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0%

loss),

Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:

Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms

3. At the DOS command prompt, type “ping mail” (assuming that the loca-

tion for which you’re trying to find an IP address is configured as “mail”).

Press Enter. Information such as the following data, taken from a ping of

Microsoft Network’s e-mail server, will be displayed.

4. Write down the IP address returned by the ping command. (In the

example above: 24.53.32.4.) This IP address is the actual IP address of the

server “mail,” or any other word or value you have pinged.

Step Two: Pinging for a Web Address

While the IP address returned above would work as your e-mail server address,

it may not be permanent. IP addresses change all the time. Web addresses, how-

ever, usually don’t. Because of this, you’re likely to have fewer problems by

configuring your system with web addresses rather than IP addresses. Follow

the instructions below to find the web address assigned to the IP address you

just pinged.

1. At the DOS command prompt, type “ping -a 24.53.32.4,” where

24.53.32.4 is the IP address you just pinged. Information such as the fol-

lowing data will be displayed.

C:\>ping mail

Pinging mail [24.53.32.4] with 32 bytes of data:

Reply from 24.53.32.4: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=128

Ping statistics for 24.53.32.4:

Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0%

loss),

Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:

Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms

Wireless-B Broadband Router

Network Everywhere®Series

The following steps will show you how to utilize WEP encryption

1. From the Web-based Utility’s Setup tab, select Mandatory under the WEP

section.

2. Press the WEP Key Setting button to set the WEP Encryption type and

level.

3. The screen dis-

played in Figure

C-1 may appear,

verifying that you

are enabling WEP

Encryption. Press

the OK button to

continue.

4. This will display the screen shown in Figure C-2. From this screen, you will

choose your WEP Encryption settings.

Figure C-2

Figure C-1

Appendix C: Configuring Wireless

Security

An acronym for Wired Equivalent Privacy, WEP is an encryption method used

to protect your wireless data communications. WEP uses a combination of 64-

bit or 128-bit keys to provide access control to your network and encryption

security for every data transmission. To decode a data transmission, each point

in a network must use an identical 64-bit or 128-bit key. Higher encryption lev-

els mean higher levels of security, but due to the complexity of the encryption,

they may mean decreased network performance.

You may also have heard the term “40-bit” used in conjunction with WEP

encryption. This is simply another term for 64-bit WEP encryption. This level

of WEP encryption has been called 40-bit because it uses a 40-bit secret key

along with a 24-bit Initialization Vector (40 + 24 = 64). Wireless vendors may

use either name. Network Everywhere uses the term “64-bit” when referring

to this level of encryption.

Make sure your wireless network is functioning before attempting to configure

WEP encryption.

A 128-bit WEP encrypted wireless network will NOT communicate with a 64-

bit WEP encrypted wireless network. Therefore, make sure that all of your

wireless devices are using the same encryption level. All wireless devices com-

plying with the 802.11b standard will support 64-bit WEP.

In addition to enabling WEP, Network Everywhere also recommends the fol-

lowing security implementations:

•Changing the SSID from the default “wireless”

•Changing the WEP key regularly

Note: WEP encryption is an additional data securi-

ty measure and not essential for router operation.

Note: In order for WEP Encryption to be enabled, wireless functions must

first be enabled. Select Enable under the Wireless section before proceeding.

Wireless-B Broadband Router

Network Everywhere®Series

As Windows XP does not allow for the use of the Network Everywhere

Passphrase feature with the wireless PC adapters, you will need to manually

enter the key generated in the previous section.

The following steps will help you enable WEP and enter the encryption key

manually for your wireless PC cards, in order to enable your Windows XP sys-

tem to communicate with the Router wirelessly.

These steps assume that your CD-ROM drive is letter D and that you are run-

ning Windows XP in the default mode.

Be sure you have the WEP Key generated by the Router.

1. As shown in Figure C-3, click the Start button and go to the Control Panel.

Figure C-3

Configuring Wireless Security in Windows XP

• WEP (64Bit or 128B) Select the level of encryption from the drop-down

box. 128-bit WEP encryption is unique to Network Everywhere and may

conflict with other vendors’ WEP encryption.

The WEP Encryption key is generated in one of two ways:

1. You may create an encryption key by using a Passphrase.

a. Enter a Passphrase, a user-defined password, into the Passphrase field.

The Passphrase can be a maximum of 31 letters, symbols, and numbers.

No spaces can be used.

b. Click the Generate button to create a key. The key will be 10 digits if

you chose 64-bit encryption, or 26 digits if you chose 128-bit encryption.

This key will be used to encrypt and decrypt the data being sent between

the Router and your network’s wireless PCs.

The Key field may not display all digits. Using the mouse, click any-

where within the Key field. Move the cursor to the right to view the rest

of the Key. Make sure your write down the entire Key EXACTLY the

way it is displayed.

2. You may enter the encryption key manually.

Make a note of the Passphrase or Manual Key. You will need it for the other

wireless devices on the network, as the same WEP encryption key must be

entered in all wireless devices on the network.

Once you have chosen your key encryption method and entered either the

Passphrase or manual key, click the Apply button, and the encryption portion

of the setup is complete.

Note: In order to utilize WEP encryption, all points in your wireless

network must have WEP enabled and be set to the same Key Setting.

Note: In Windows XP, a 128-bit Key generated by the Router

will be called a "104 bits (26 digits)" key, and a 64-bit Key gen-

erated by the Router will be called a “40 bits (10 digits)” key.

Wireless-B Broadband Router

Network Everywhere®Series

If a “Connect to Wireless Network” window appears, in the Available

Networks section, click the desired wireless network, specified by the

Router’s SSID. Then, double-click the Wireless Network Connection icon.

5. When the “Wireless Network Connection Status” window appears, as in

Figure C-7, click the Properties button.

Figure C-6

Figure C-7

2. In the “Control Panel” window, click the Network and Internet

Connections icon, shown in Figure C-4.

3. Click the Network Connections icon, shown in Figure C-5.

4. The “Network Connections” window will appear, as shown in Figure C-6.

Under LAN or High-Speed Internet you will see all Network cards that are

installed and operating in your computer. Double-click the Wireless

Network Connection icon associated with your wireless adapter.

If the “Wireless Network Connection Status” window appears, continue to

the next step

Figure C-4

Figure C-5

Wireless-B Broadband Router

Network Everywhere®Series

8. The “Wireless Network Properties” window (shown in Figure C-10) will

appear.

Click the check box for the Data encryption (WEP enabled) option.

Remove the check from the Network Authentication (Shared mode) and

The key is provided for me automatically fields.

In the "Network key" field, enter the exact Key (all 10 or 26 digits, depend-

ing on the level of encryption) generated by the Router.

Verify that the “Key format” field displays “Hexadecimal digits” and that

the “Key length” field displays either “40 bits (10 digits)” or “104 bits (26

digits)”. If this is not displayed, you have entered the key incorrectly.

Click the OK button to save the settings. Click on OK buttons until you

get back to the “Wireless Network Connection Status” window. Close any

open windows to get back to the Windows XP desktop.

Close any applications and reboot your PC. After reboot, WEP configuration

is complete and you should be able to connect wirelessly to the Router.

Figure C-10

6. When the “Wireless

Network Connection

Properties” window

appears, as in Figure C-

8, click the Wireless

Networks Tab.

7. If the appropriate wire-

less network, specified

by the Router’s SSID, is

displayed in the

“Preferred networks”

section, as shown in

Figure C-9, double-

click it and continue to

the next step.

Otherwise, click on the

appropriate wireless

network, specified by

the Router’s SSID, in

the “Available net-

works” section. Then,

click the Configure

button

Figure C-8

Figure C-9

Wireless-B Broadband Router

Network Everywhere®Series

3. Write down the Adapter Address as shown on your computer screen (see

Figure D-3). This is the MAC address for your Ethernet adapter and will

be shown as a series of numbers and letters.

The MAC address/Adapter Address is what you will use for MAC Address

Cloning or MAC Filtering.

The example in Figure F-3 shows the IP address of your Ethernet adapter

as 192.168.1.100. Your computer may show something different.

For Windows 2000 and XP:

The following steps show an alternative way of obtaining the MAC address and

IP address for your Ethernet adapter.

1. Click on Start and Run. In the Open field, enter cmd, as shown in Figure

D-4. Press the Enter key or click the OK button.

Figure D-3

Figure D-4

Note: The MAC address is also called the Adapter

Address.

Appendix D: Finding the MAC

Address and IP Address for Your

Ethernet Adapter

This section describes how to find the MAC address for your Ethernet adapter

to do either MAC Filtering or MAC Address Cloning for the Router and ISP.

You can also find the IP address of your computer’s Ethernet adapter. The IP

address is used for filtering, forwarding, and DMZ. Follow these steps to find

the MAC address or IP address for your adapter in Windows 98SE, ME, 2000,

and XP.

For Windows 98 SE and ME:

1. Click on Start and Run. In the Open field, enter winipcfg, as shown in

Figure D-1. Then press the Enter key or the OK button.

2. When the IP Configuration window appears, as shown in Figure D-2, select

the Ethernet adapter you are using to connect to the Router via a CAT 5

Ethernet cable.

Figure D-1

Figure D-2

Wireless-B Broadband Router

Network Everywhere®Series

When entering the information using the Router’s web-based utility, you will

type the 12-digit MAC address in this format, XXXXXXXXXXXX without

the hyphens for MAC Filtering. See Figure D-6.

When entering information for MAC Address Cloning, type the 12-digit MAC

address (see Figure D-7).

Figure D-6

Figure D-7

2. In the command prompt, enter ipconfig /all. Then press the Enter key.

3. Write down the Physical Address as shown on your computer screen; it is

the MAC address for your Ethernet adapter. This will appear as a series of

letters and numbers.

The MAC address/Physical Address is what you will use for MAC Address

Cloning or MAC Filtering.

The example in Figure D-5 shows the IP address of your Ethernet adapter

as 192.168.1.100. Your computer may show something different.

Figure D-5

Note: The MAC address is also called the Physical

Address.

Wireless-B Broadband Router

asymmetric transfer rates: around 36 Mbps downstream (from the Internet to

the computer), and from 200 Kbps to 2 Mbps upstream (from the computer to

the Internet).

CAT 5 - ANSI/EIA (American National Standards Institute/Electronic

Industries Association) Standard 568 is one of several standards that specify

“categories” (the singular is commonly referred to as “CAT”) of twisted pair

cabling systems (wires, junctions, and connectors) in terms of the data rates

that they can sustain. CAT 5 cable has a maximum throughput of 100 Mbps and

is usually utilized for 100BaseTX networks.

CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detection) - The LAN

access method used in Ethernet. When a device wants to gain access to the net-

work, it checks to see if the network is quiet (senses the carrier). If it is not, it

waits a random amount of time before retrying. If the network is quiet and two

devices access the line at exactly the same time, their signals collide. When the

collision is detected, they both back off and each waits a random amount of

time before retrying.

Data Packet - One frame in a packet-switched message. Most data communi-

cations is based on dividing the transmitted message into packets. For example,

an Ethernet packet can be from 64 to 1518 bytes in length.

Default Gateway - The routing device used to forward all traffic that is not

addressed to a station within the local subnet.

DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) - A protocol that lets network

administrators centrally manage and automate the assignment of Internet

Protocol (IP) addresses in an organization's network. Using the Internet’s set of

protocol (TCP/IP), each machine that can connect to the Internet needs a

unique IP address. When an organization sets up its computer users with a con-

nection to the Internet, an IP address must be assigned to each machine.

Without DHCP, the IP address must be entered manually at each computer and,

if computers move to another location in another part of the network, a new IP

address must be entered. DHCP lets a network administrator supervise and dis-

tribute IP addresses from a central point and automatically sends a new IP

address when a computer is plugged into a different place in the network.

DHCP uses the concept of a “lease” or amount of time that a given IP address

will be valid for a computer. The lease time can vary depending on how long a

user is likely to require the Internet connection at a particular location. It’s espe-

cially useful in education and other environments where users change fre-

quently. Using very short leases, DHCP can dynamically reconfigure networks

in which there are more computers than there are available IP addresses.

Network Everywhere®Series

Appendix E: Glossary

10BaseT - An Ethernet standard that uses twisted wire pairs.

100BaseTX - IEEE physical layer specification for 100 Mbps over two pairs of

Category 5 cable.

Adapter - Printed circuit board that plugs into a PC to add to capabilities or

connectivity to a PC. In a networked environment, a network interface card is

the typical adapter that allows the PC or server to connect to the intranet and/or

Internet.

Auto-negotiate - To automatically determine the correct settings. The term is

often used with communications and networking. For example, Ethernet

10/100 cards and switches can determine the highest speed of the node they are

connected to and adjust their transmission rate accordingly.

Bandwidth - The transmission capacity of a given facility, in terms of how

much data the facility can transmit in a fixed amount of time; expressed in bits

per second (bps).

Bit – A binary digit. The value—0 or 1—used in the binary numbering system.

Also, the smallest form of data.

Boot – To cause the computer to start executing instructions. Personal comput-

ers contain built-in instructions in a ROM chip that are automatically executed

on startup. These instructions search for the operating system, load it, and pass

control to it.

Bridge - A device that interconnects different networks together.

Broadband - A data-transmission scheme in which multiple signals share the

bandwidth of a medium. This allows the transmission of voice, data, and video

signals over a single medium. Cable television uses broadband techniques to

deliver dozens of channels over one cable.

Browser - A browser is an application program that provides a way to look at

and interact with all the information on the World Wide Web or PC. The word

“browser” seems to have originated prior to the Web as a generic term for user

interfaces that let you browse text files online.

Cable Modem - A device that connects a computer to the cable television net-

work, which in turn connects to the Internet. Once connected, cable modem

users have a continuous connection to the Internet. Cable modems feature

Wireless-B Broadband Router

Network Everywhere®Series

DHCP supports static addresses for computers containing Web servers that

need a permanent IP address.

DMZ - (DeMilitarized Zone) allows one IP address (or computer) to be

exposed to the Internet. Some applications require multiple TCP/IP ports to be

open. It is recommended that you set your computer with a static IP address if

you want to use DMZ Hosting.

DNS - The Domain Name System (DNS) is the way that Internet domain

names are located and translated into Internet Protocol (IP) addresses. A

domain name is a meaningful and easy-to-remember “handle” for an Internet

address.

Domain - A subnetwork comprised of a group of clients and servers under the

control of one security database. Dividing LANs into domains improves per-

formance and security.

Download - To receive a file transmitted over a network. In a communications

session, download means receive, and upload means transmit.

Dynamic IP Address - An IP address that is automatically assigned to a client

station in a TCP/IP network, typically by a DHCP server. Network devices that

serve multiple users, such as servers and printers, are usually assigned static IP

addresses.

Dynamic Routing - The ability for a router to forward data via a different route

based on the current conditions of the communications circuits. For example,

it can adjust for overloaded traffic or failing lines and is much more flexible

than static routing, which uses a fixed forwarding path.

Ethernet - IEEE standard network protocol that specifies how data is placed

on and retrieved from a common transmission medium. Has a transfer rate of

10 Mbps. Forms the underlying transport vehicle used by several upper-level

protocols, including TCP/IP and XNS.

Firewall - A firewall is a set of related programs, located at a network gateway

server, that protects the resources of a network from users from other networks.

(The term also implies the security policy that is used with the programs.) An

enterprise with an intranet that allows its workers access to the wider Internet

installs a firewall to prevent outsiders from accessing its own private data

resources and for controlling what outside resources to which its own users

have access.

Basically, a firewall, working closely with a router, examines each network

packet to determine whether to forward it toward its destination.

Firmware - Code that is written onto read-only memory (ROM) or program-

mable read-only memory (PROM). Once firmware has been written onto the

ROM or PROM, it is retained even when the device is turned off.

Fragmentation - Breaking a packet into smaller units when transmitting over

a network medium that cannot support the original size of the packet.

FTP (File Transfer Protocol) - A protocol used to transfer files over a TCP/IP

network (Internet, UNIX, etc.). For example, after developing the HTML pages

for a website on a local machine, they are typically uploaded to the Web serv-

er using FTP.

FTP includes functions to log onto the network, list directories, and copy files.

It can also convert between the ASCII and EBCDIC character codes. FTP oper-

ations can be performed by typing commands at a command prompt or via an

FTP utility running under a graphical interface such as Windows. FTP transfers

can also be initiated from within a Web browser by entering the URL preceded

with ftp://.

Unlike e-mail programs in which graphics and program files have to be

“attached,” FTP is designed to handle binary files directly and does not add the

overhead of encoding and decoding the data.

Full Duplex - The ability of a device or line to transmit data simultaneously in

both directions.

Gateway – A device that interconnects networks with different, incompatible

communications protocols.

Half Duplex - Data transmission that can occur in two directions over a single

line, but only one direction at a time.

Hardware - Hardware is the physical aspect of computers, telecommunica-

tions, and other information technology devices. The term arose as a way to dis-

tinguish the “box” and the electronic circuitry and components of a computer

from the program you put in it to make it do things. The program came to be

known as the software.

HTTP (HyperText Transport Protocol) - The communications protocol used

to connect to servers on the World Wide Web. Its primary function is to estab-

lish a connection with a Web server and transmit HTML pages to the client

browser.

IEEE - The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. The IEEE

describes itself as “the world's largest technical professional society—promot-

Wireless-B Broadband Router

Network Everywhere®Series

Mbps (MegaBits Per Second) - One million bits per second; unit of measure-

ment for data transmission.

mIRC - mIRC runs under Windows and provides a graphical interface for log-

ging onto IRC servers and listing, joining, and leaving channels.

NAT - NAT (Network Address Translation) is the translation of an Internet

Protocol address (IP address) used within one network to a different IP address

known within another network. One network is designated the inside network

and the other is the outside.

Network - A system that transmits any combination of voice, video, and/or

data between users.

Packet Filtering - Discarding unwanted network traffic based on its originat-

ing address or range of addresses or its type (e-mail, file transfer, etc.).

Ping (Packet INternet Groper) - An Internet utility used to determine whether

a particular IP address is online. It is used to test and debug a network by send-

ing out a packet and waiting for a response.

POP3 (Post Office Protocol 3) - A standard mail server commonly used on the

Internet. It provides a message store that holds incoming e-mail until users log

on and download it. POP3 is a simple system with little selectivity. All pending

messages and attachments are downloaded at the same time. POP3 uses the

SMTP messaging protocol.

Port - A pathway into and out of the computer or a network device such as a

switch or router. For example, the serial and parallel ports on a personal com-

puter are external sockets for plugging in communications lines, modems, and

printers.

PPPoE (Point to Point Protocol over Ethernet) - PPPoE is a method for the

encapsulation of PPP packets over Ethernet frames from the user to the ISP

over the Internet. One reason PPPoE is preferred by ISPs is because it provides

authentication (username and password) in addition to data transport. A PPPoE

session can be initiated by either a client application residing on a PC, or by

client firmware residing on a modem or router.

PPTP (Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol) - A protocol which allows the Point

to Point Protocol (PPP) to be tunneled through an IP network. PPTP does not

specify any changes to the PPP protocol but rather describes a “tunneling serv-

ice” for carrying PPP (a tunneling service is any network service enabled by

tunneling protocols such as PPTP, L2F, L2TP, and IPSEC tunnel

ing the development and application of electrotechnology and allied sciences

for the benefit of humanity, the advancement of the profession, and the well-

being of our members.”

The IEEE fosters the development of standards that often become national and

international standards. The organization publishes a number of journals, has

many local chapters, and has several large societies in special areas, such as the

IEEE Computer Society.

IP Address - In the most widely installed level of the Internet Protocol (IP)

today, an IP address is a 32-binary digit number that identifies each sender or

receiver of information that is sent in packets across the Internet. When you

request an HTML page or send e-mail, the Internet Protocol part of TCP/IP

includes your IP address in the message (actually, in each of the packets if more

than one is required) and sends it to the IP address that is obtained by looking

up the domain name in the Uniform Resource Locator you requested or in the

e-mail address you're sending a note to. At the other end, the recipient can see

the IP address of the Web page requestor or the e-mail sender and can respond

by sending another message using the IP address it received.

IPCONFIG - A utility that provides for querying, defining and managing IP

addresses within a network. A commonly used utility, under Windows NT and

2000, for configuring networks with static IP addresses.

IPSec (Internet Protocol Security) - IPSec is a developing standard for securi-

ty at the network or packet processing layer of network communication. A big

advantage of IPSec is that security arrangements can be handled without

requiring changes to individual user computers.

ISP - An ISP (Internet service provider) is a company that provides individuals

and companies access to the Internet and other related services such as website

building and virtual hosting.

LAN - A local area network (LAN) is a group of computers and associated

devices that share a common communications line and typically share the

resources of a single processor or server within a small geographic area (for

example, within an office building).

Latency - The time delay between when the first bit of a packet is received and

the last bit is forwarded.

MAC Address - The MAC (Media Access Control) address is a unique num-

ber assigned by the manufacturer to any Ethernet networking device, such as a

network adapter, that allows the network to identify it at the hardware level.

Wireless-B Broadband Router

Subnet Mask - The method used for splitting IP networks into a series of sub-

groups, or subnets. The mask is a binary pattern that is matched up with the IP

address to turn part of the host ID address field into a field for subnets.

Switch – 1. A data switch connects computing devices to host computers,

allowing a large number of devices to share a limited number of ports. 2. A

device for making, breaking, or changing the connections in an electrical cir-

cuit.

TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) - A method (protocol) used along with

the IP (Internet Protocol) to send data in the form of message units (datagram)

between network devices over a LAN or WAN. While IP takes care of handling

the actual delivery of the data (routing), TCP takes care of keeping track of the

individual units of data (called packets) that a message is divided into for effi-

cient delivery over the network. TCP is known as a “connection oriented” pro-

tocol due to requiring the receiver of a packet to return an acknowledgment of

receipt to the sender of the packet resulting in transmission control.

TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) - The basic com-

munication language or set of protocols for communications over a network

(developed specifically for the Internet). TCP/IP defines a suite or group of

protocols and not only TCP and IP.

Telnet - A terminal emulation protocol commonly used on the Internet and

TCP/IP-based networks. It allows a user at a terminal or computer to log onto

a remote device and run a program.

TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol) - A version of the TCP/IP FTP protocol

that has no directory or password capability.

Throughput - The amount of data moved successfully from one place to anoth-

er in a given time period.

Topology - A network’s topology is a logical characterization of how the

devices on the network are connected and the distances between them. The

most common network devices include switches, routers, and gateways. Most

large networks contain several levels of interconnection, the most important of

which include edge connections, backbone connections, and wide-area con-

nections.

TX Rate – Transmission Rate.

UDP (User Datagram Protocol) - A method (protocol) used along with the IP

(Internet Protocol) to send data in the form of message units (datagram)

between network devices over a LAN or WAN. While IP takes care of handling

Network Everywhere®Series

RIP (Routing Information Protocol) - A simple routing protocol that is part of

the TCP/IP protocol suite. It determines a route based on the smallest hop count

between source and destination. RIP is a distance vector protocol that routine-

ly broadcasts routing information to its neighboring routers.

RJ-45 - A connector similar to a telephone connector that holds up to eight

wires, used for connecting Ethernet devices.

Router - Protocol-dependent device that connects subnetworks together.

Routers are useful in breaking down a very large network into smaller subnet-

works; they introduce longer delays and typically have much lower throughput

rates than bridges.

Server - Any computer whose function in a network is to provide user access

to files, printing, communications, and other services.

SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) - The standard e-mail protocol on the

Internet. It is a TCP/IP protocol that defines the message format and the mes-

sage transfer agent (MTA), which stores and forwards the mail.

SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) - A widely used network

monitoring and control protocol. Data is passed from SNMP agents, which are

hardware and/or software processes reporting activity in each network device

(switch, router, bridge, etc.) to the workstation console used to oversee the net-

work. The agents return information contained in a MIB (Management

Information Base), which is a data structure that defines what is obtainable

from the device and what can be controlled (turned off, on, etc.).

Software - Instructions for the computer. A series of instructions that performs

a particular task is called a “program.” The two major categories of software are

“system software” and “application software.” System software is made up of

control programs such as the operating system and database management sys-

tem (DBMS). Application software is any program that processes data for the

user.

A common misconception is that software is data. It is not. Software tells the

hardware how to process the data.

Static IP Address - A permanent IP address that is assigned to a node in a

TCP/IP network.

Static Routing - Forwarding data in a network via a fixed path. Static routing

cannot adjust to changing line conditions as can dynamic routing.

Wireless-B Broadband Router

Network Everywhere®Series

the actual delivery of the data (routing), UDP takes care of keeping track of the

individual units of data (called packets) that a message is divided into for effi-

cient delivery over the network. UDP is known as a “connection-less” protocol

due to NOT requiring the receiver of a packet to return an acknowledgment of

receipt to the sender of the packet (as opposed to TCP).

Upgrade - To replace existing software or firmware with a newer version.

Upload - To send a file transmitted over a network. In a communications ses-

sion, upload means transmit, and download means receive.

URL (Uniform Resource Locator) - The address that defines the route to a file

on the Web or any other Internet facility. URLs are typed into the browser to

access Web pages, and URLs are embedded within the pages themselves to pro-

vide the hypertext links to other pages.

WAN (Wide Area Network) - A communications network that covers a rela-

tively large geographic area, consisting of two or more LANs. Broadband com-

munication over the WAN is often through public networks such as the tele-

phone (DSL) or cable systems, or through leased lines or satellites. In its most

basic definition, the Internet could be considered a WAN.

WINIPCFG - Configuration utility based on the Win32 API for querying,

defining, and managing IP addresses within a network. A commonly used util-

ity for configuring networks with static IP addresses.

Workgroup - Two or more individuals that share files and databases.

Appendix F: Specifications

Standards IEEE 802.3 (10BaseT), IEEE 802.3u (100BaseTX),

IEEE 802.11b (Wireless)

Ports Four 10/100 switch ports, One Internet Port

Buttons Reset

Cabling Type Ethernet Category 5 or better

LED Indicators Power, Wireless-B, Ethernet, Internet

Modulation CCK, QPSK, BPSK

Network Protocols TCP/IP, NetBEUI, IPX/SPX

WEP Key Bits 64-bit and 128-bit

Dimensions 6.30" x 14.33" x 1.38"

(W x H x D) (160 mm x 110 mm x 35 mm)

Unit Weight 8.82 oz. (0.25 kg)

Power External, 12V DC, 1A

Certifications FCC Class B

Operating Temp. 0°C to 40°C (32°F to 104°F)

Storage Temp. -20°C to 70°C (-4°F to 158°F)

Operating Humidity 10% to 85%, Non-condensing

Storage Humidity 5% to 90%, Non-condensing

Environmental

Wireless-B Broadband Router

Appendix H: Contact Information

For help with the installation or operation of the Wireless Broadband Router,

contact Network Everywhere Technical Support at one of the phone numbers

or Internet addresses below.

Technical Support 949-271-5470, M-F, 8:00 am to 5:00 pm (PST)

Fax 949-265-6655

Email support@NetworkEverywhere.com

Web site http://www.NetworkEverywhere.com

Network Everywhere®Series

Appendix G: Warranty Information

BE SURE TO HAVE YOUR PROOF OF PURCHASE AND A BARCODE

FROM THE PRODUCT'S PACKAGING ON HAND WHEN CALLING.

RETURN REQUESTS CANNOT BE PROCESSED WITHOUT PROOF OF

PURCHASE.

IN NO EVENT SHALL NETWORK EVERYWHERE’S LIABILITY

EXCEED THE PRICE PAID FOR THE PRODUCT FROM DIRECT, INDI-

RECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES

RESULTING FROM THE USE OF THE PRODUCT, ITS ACCOMPANYING

SOFTWARE, OR ITS DOCUMENTATION. NETWORK EVERYWHERE

DOES NOT OFFER REFUNDS FOR ANY PRODUCT.

NETWORK EVERYWHERE OFFERS CROSS SHIPMENTS, A FASTER

PROCESS FOR PROCESSING AND RECEIVING YOUR REPLACEMENT.

NETWORK EVERYWHERE PAYS FOR UPS GROUND ONLY. ALL CUS-

TOMERS LOCATED OUTSIDE OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

AND CANADA SHALL BE HELD RESPONSIBLE FOR SHIPPING AND

HANDLING CHARGES. PLEASE CALL NETWORK EVERYWHERE FOR

MORE DETAILS.

FCC RF Radiation Exposure Statement:

The equipment complies with FCC RF radiation exposure limits set forth for

an uncontrolled environment. This equipment should be installed and operated

with a minimum distance of 20 centimeters between the radiator and your body.

This Transmitter must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with

any other antenna or transmitter.

Changes or modifications to this unit not expressly approved by the party

responsible for compliance could void the user authority to operate the

equipment.

http://www.NetworkEverywhere.com

LINKSYS NWR11B Wireless-B Broadband Router User Manual NWR11B user guide

LINKSYS LLC Wireless-B Broadband Router NWR11B user guide

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