LINKSYS WRT600NV11 Dual-Band Wireless-N Gigabit Router w/ Storage Lin User Manual Book

LINKSYS LLC Dual-Band Wireless-N Gigabit Router w/ Storage Lin Book

updated user guide part 2

44Chapter 5: Configuring the Wireless-N Gigabit Router with Storage LinkThe Applications and Gaming Tab - QoSDual-Band Wireless-N Gigabit Router with Storage LinkThe Applications and Gaming Tab - QoSQuality of Service (QoS) ensures better service to high-priority types of network traffic, which may involve demanding, real-time applications, such as videoconferencing. QoS (Quality of Service)WirelessThe Router features Wireless QoS. The No Acknowledgement feature is available only when the Wireless QoS Support feature is enabled.Wireless QoS. If you have other devices on your network that support Wireless QoS, select Enabled. Otherwise, keep the default, Disabled.No Acknowledgement. If you want to disable the Router’s Acknowledgement feature, so the Router will not re-send data if an error occurs, then keep the default, Enabled. Otherwise, select Disabled.Internet Access PriorityIn this section, you can set the bandwidth priority for a variety of applications and devices. There are four levels priority: High, Medium, Normal, or Low. When you set priority, do not set all applications to High, because this will defeat the purpose of allocating the available bandwidth. If you want to select below normal bandwidth, select Low. Depending on the application, a few attempts may be needed to set the appropriate bandwidth priority.Enabled/Disabled. To use the QoS policies you have set, select Enabled. Otherwise, select Disabled.CategoryThere are four categories available. Select one of the following: Applications, Online Games, MAC Address, Ethernet Port, or Voice Device. Proceed to the instructions for your selection.ApplicationsApplications. Select the appropriate application. If you select Add a New Application, follow the Add a New Application instructions.Priority. Select the appropriate priority: High, Medium, Normal, or Low.Click the Add button to save your changes. Your new entry will appear in the Summary list.Figure 5-43: Applications & Gaming Tab - QoS (Applications)
45Chapter 5: Configuring the Wireless-N Gigabit Router with Storage LinkThe Applications and Gaming Tab - QoSDual-Band Wireless-N Gigabit Router with Storage LinkAdd a New ApplicationEnter a Name Enter any name to indicate the name of the entry.Port Range Enter the port range that the application will be using. For example, if you want to allocate bandwidth for FTP, you can enter 21-21. If you need services for an application that uses from 1000 to 1250, you enter 1000-1250 as your settings. You can have up to three ranges to define for this bandwidth allocation. Port numbers can range from 1 to 65535. Check your application's documentation for details on the service ports used.Select the protocol TCP or UDP, or select Both. Priority Select the appropriate priority: High, Medium, Normal, or Low.Click the Add button to save your changes. Your new entry will appear in the Summary list.Online GamesGames. Select the appropriate game.Priority. Select the appropriate priority: High, Medium, Normal, or Low.Click the Add button to save your changes. Your new entry will appear in the Summary list.MAC AddressEnter a Name. Enter a name for your device.MAC Address. Enter the MAC address of your device.Priority. Select the appropriate priority: High, Medium, Normal, or Low.Click the Add button to save your changes. Your new entry will appear in the Summary list.Ethernet PortEthernet. Select the appropriate Ethernet port.Priority. Select the appropriate priority: High, Medium, Normal, or Low.Click the Add button to save your changes. Your new entry will appear in the Summary list.Figure 5-44: QoS - Applications (Add a New Application)Figure 5-45: QoS - Online GamesFigure 5-46: QoS - MAC AddressFigure 5-47: QoS - Ethernet
46Chapter 5: Configuring the Wireless-N Gigabit Router with Storage LinkThe Applications and Gaming Tab - QoSDual-Band Wireless-N Gigabit Router with Storage LinkVoice DeviceEnter a Name. Enter a name for your voice device.MAC Address. Enter the MAC address of your voice device.Priority. Select the appropriate priority: High, Medium, Normal, or Low.Click the Add button to save your changes. Your new entry will appear in the Summary list.SummaryThis lists the QoS entries you have created for your applications and devices.Priority This displays the bandwidth priority of High, Medium, Normal, or Low.Name This displays the application, device, or port name.Information This displays the port range or MAC address entered for your entry. If a pre-configured application or game was selected, there will be no valid entry shown in this section.Remove Click this button to remove an entry.Edit Click this button to make changes.When you have finished making changes to this screen, click the Save Settings button to save the changes, or click the Cancel Changes button to undo your changes. For more information, click Help.Figure 5-48: QoS - Voice Device
47Chapter 5: Configuring the Wireless-N Gigabit Router with Storage LinkThe Administration Tab - ManagementDual-Band Wireless-N Gigabit Router with Storage LinkThe Administration Tab - ManagementWhen you click the Administration tab, you will see the Management screen. This screen allows you to change the Router’s access settings and configure the UPnP (Universal Plug and Play) features. You can also back up and restore the Router’s configuration file.ManagementRouter AccessTo ensure the Router’s security, you will be asked for your password when you access the Router’s Web-based Utility. The default password is admin.Router Password. Router Password and Re-enter to Confirm. It is recommended that you change the default password to one of your choice. Enter a new Router password and then enter it again in the Re-enter to Confirm field.Web AccessWeb Utility Access. HTTP (HyperText Transport Protocol) is the communications protocol used to connect to servers on the World Wide Web. HTTPS uses SSL (Secured Socket Layer) to encrypt data transmitted for higher security. Select HTTP or HTTPS.Web Utility Access via Wireless. If you are using the Router in a public domain where you are giving wireless access to your guests, you can disable wireless access to the Router’s Web-based Utility. You will only be able to access the Utility via a wired connection if you disable the setting. Select Enabled to allow wireless access to the Utility, or select Disabled to block wireless access to the Utility.Remote AccessRemote Management. To permit remote access of the Router, from outside the local network, select Enabled. Otherwise, keep the default setting, Disabled.Web Utility Access. HTTP (HyperText Transport Protocol) is the communications protocol used to connect to servers on the World Wide Web. HTTPS uses SSL (Secured Socket Layer) to encrypt data transmitted for higher security. Select HTTP or HTTPS.Remote Upgrade. If you want to be able to upgrade the Router remotely, from outside the local network, select Enabled. (You must have the Remote Management feature enabled as well.) Otherwise, keep the default setting, Disabled.Figure 5-49: Administration Tab - Management
48Chapter 5: Configuring the Wireless-N Gigabit Router with Storage LinkThe Administration Tab - ManagementDual-Band Wireless-N Gigabit Router with Storage LinkAllowed Remote IP Address. If you want to be able to access the Router from any external IP address, select Any IP Address. If you want to specify an external IP address or range of IP addresses, then select the second option and complete the fields provided.Remote Management Port. Enter the port number that will be open to outside access.UPnPUniversal Plug and Play (UPnP) allows Windows Me and XP to automatically configure the Router for various Internet applications, such as gaming and videoconferencing.UPnP. If you want to use UPnP, keep the default setting, Enabled. Otherwise, select Disabled.Allow Users to Configure. Select Enabled, if you want to be able to make manual changes to the Router while using the UPnP feature. Otherwise, keep the default setting, Disabled.Allow Users to Disable Internet Access. Select Enabled, if you want to be able to prohibit any and all Internet connections. Otherwise, keep the default setting, Disabled.Backup and RestoreBackup Configurations. To back up the Router’s configuration settings, click this button and follow the on-screen instructions.Restore Configurations. To restore the Router’s configuration settings, click this button and follow the on-screen instructions. (You must have previously backed up the Router’s configuration settings.)When you have finished making changes to this screen, click the Save Settings button to save the changes, or click the Cancel Changes button to undo your changes. For more information, click Help.NOTE: When you are in a remote location and wish to manage the Router, enter http://<Internet IP Address>: port or https://<Internet IP Address>: port, depending on whether you use HTTP or HTTPS. Enter the Router’s specific Internet IP address in place of <Internet IP Address>, and enter the Administration Port number in place of the word port.
49Chapter 5: Configuring the Wireless-N Gigabit Router with Storage LinkThe Administration Tab - LogDual-Band Wireless-N Gigabit Router with Storage LinkThe Administration Tab - LogWhen you click the Administration tab, you will see the Log screen. It provides you with a log of all incoming and outgoing URLs or IP addresses for your Internet connection.LogLog. To access activity logs, select the Enabled radio button. With logging enabled, you can choose to view temporary logs or keep a permanent record using the Logviewer software. Click the Disabled button to disable this function.View Log. When you wish to view the logs, click View Log. A new screen will appear. Select Incoming Log, Outgoing Log, Security Log, or DHCP Client Log. from the Type drop-down menu. The Incoming Log will display a temporary log of the source IP addresses and destination port numbers for the incoming Internet traffic. The Outgoing Log will display a temporary log of the local IP addresses, destination URLs/IP addresses, and service/port numbers for the outgoing Internet traffic. The Security log will display the login information for the Web-based Utility. The DHCP Client Log will display the LAN DHCP server status information.Click the Save the Log button to save this information to a file on your PC’s hard drive. Click the Refresh button to update the log. Click the Clear button to clear all the information that is displayed.When you have finished making changes to this screen, click the Save Settings button to save the changes, or click the Cancel Changes button to undo your changes. For more information, click Help.Figure 5-50: Administration Tab - LogFigure 5-51: View Log
50Chapter 5: Configuring the Wireless-N Gigabit Router with Storage LinkThe Administration Tab - DiagnosticsDual-Band Wireless-N Gigabit Router with Storage LinkThe Administration Tab - DiagnosticsThe diagnostic tests (Ping and Traceroute) allow you to check the connections of your network devices, including the connection to the Internet.Ping Test. The Ping test will check the status of a connection. Enter the IP address or URL of the PC whose connection you wish to test, the packet size (default is 32 bytes), and how many times you wish to test it. Then, click the Start to Ping button. The Ping screen will then display the test results. Click the Close button to return to the Diagnostics screen.Traceroute Test. To test the performance of a connect, enter the IP address or URL of the PC whose connection you wish to test and click the Start to Traceroute button. The Traceroute screen will then display the test results. Click the Close button to return to the Diagnostics screen.For more information, click Help.Figure 5-52: Administration Tab - DiagnosticsFigure 5-53: Ping TestFigure 5-54: Traceroute Test
51Chapter 5: Configuring the Wireless-N Gigabit Router with Storage LinkThe Administration Tab - Factory DefaultsDual-Band Wireless-N Gigabit Router with Storage LinkThe Administration Tab - Factory DefaultsThe Factory Defaults screen allows you to restore the Router’s configuration to its factory default settings.Factory DefaultsRestore Factory Defaults. To clear all of the Router’s settings and reset them to its factory defaults, click the Restore Factory Defaults button.Help information is shown on the right-hand side of the screen.Figure 5-55: Administration Tab - Factory DefaultsNOTE: Do not restore the factory defaults unless you are having difficulties with the Router and have exhausted all other troubleshooting measures. Once the Router is reset, you will have to re-enter all of your configuration settings.
52Chapter 5: Configuring the Wireless-N Gigabit Router with Storage LinkThe Administration Tab - Firmware UpgradeDual-Band Wireless-N Gigabit Router with Storage LinkThe Administration Tab - Firmware UpgradeThe Firmware Upgrade screen allows you to upgrade the Router’s firmware. Do not upgrade the firmware unless you are experiencing problems with the Router or the new firmware has a feature you want to use.Before upgrading the firmware, download the Router’s firmware upgrade file from the Linksys website, www.linksys.com. Then extract the file.Upgrade FirmwarePlease Select a File to Upgrade. In the field provided, enter the name of the extracted firmware upgrade file, or click the Browse button to find this file.Start to Upgrade. After you have selected the appropriate file, click this button, and follow the on-screen instructions.Help information is shown on the right-hand side of the screen.Figure 5-56: Administration Tab - Firmware UpgradeNOTE: The Router may lose the settings you have customized. Before you upgrade its firmware, write down all of your custom settings. After you upgrade its firmware, you will have to re-enter all of your configuration settings.download: to receive a file transmitted over a network.firmware: the programming code that runs a networking device.upgrade: to replace existing software or firmware with a newer version.
53Chapter 5: Configuring the Wireless-N Gigabit Router with Storage LinkThe Status Tab - RouterDual-Band Wireless-N Gigabit Router with Storage LinkThe Status Tab - RouterThe Router screen displays information about the Router and its current settings. The on-screen information will vary depending on the Internet Connection Type selected on the Setup screen.Router InformationFirmware Version. This is the version number of the Router’s current firmware.Current Time. This shows the time set on the Router.Internet MAC Address. This is the Router’s MAC address, as seen by your ISP.Host Name. If required by your ISP, this was entered on the Basic Setup screen.Domain Name. If required by your ISP, this was entered on the Basic Setup screen.Internet ConnectionConnection Type. This indicates the type of Internet connection you are using. For dial-up style connections such as PPPoE or PPTP, there is a Connect button to click if there is no connection and you want to establish an Internet connection.Internet IP Address. The Router’s Internet IP address is displayed here.Subnet Mask and Default Gateway. The Router’s Subnet Mask and Default Gateway address are displayed here for DHCP and static IP connections.DNS1-3. Shown here are the DNS (Domain Name System) IP addresses currently used by the Router.MTU. Shown here is the MTU (Maximum Transmission Unit) setting for the Router.DHCP Lease Time. Displays how long the lease is for the IP address that your ISP automatically assigned you. IP Address Release. Available for a DHCP connection, click this button to release the current IP address of the device connected to the Router’s Internet port.IP Address Renew. Available for a DHCP connection, click this button to replace the current IP address—of the device connected to the Router’s Internet port—with a new IP address.Figure 5-57: Status Tab - Router
54Chapter 5: Configuring the Wireless-N Gigabit Router with Storage LinkThe Status Tab - Local NetworkDual-Band Wireless-N Gigabit Router with Storage LinkFor PPoE, PPTP, L2TP, and Telstra Cable Internet Connection types, a connect and disconnect button will be available to establish a connection to your ISP. Click the Refresh button to update the on-screen information. For more information, click Help.The Status Tab - Local NetworkThe Local Network screen displays information about the local network.Local NetworkMAC Address. The MAC Address of the Router’s local interface is displayed here.Router IP Address. This shows the Router’s IP address, as it appears on your local network.Subnet Mask. The Router’s Subnet Mask is shown here.DHCP Server. The status of the Router’s DHCP server function is displayed here.Start IP Address. For the range of IP addresses used by devices on your local network, the beginning IP address is shown here.End IP Address. For the range of IP addresses used by devices on your local network, the ending IP address is shown here.DHCP Client Table. Click the DHCP Clients Table button to view the DHCP Client Table. It lists computers and other devices that have been assigned IP addresses by the Router. The list can be sorted by Client Name, Interface, IP Address, MAC Address, and Expired Time (how much time is left for the current IP address). To remove a DHCP client, click the Delete button. To retrieve the most up-to-date information, click the Refresh button. To exit this screen and return to the Local Network screen, click the Close button.For more information, click Help.Figure 5-58: Status Tab - Local NetworkFigure 5-59: DHCP Client Table
55Chapter 5: Configuring the Wireless-N Gigabit Router with Storage LinkThe Status Tab - WirelessDual-Band Wireless-N Gigabit Router with Storage LinkThe Status Tab - WirelessThe Wireless screen displays the status information of your wireless network.WirelessMAC Address. The MAC Address of the Router’s wireless interface is displayed here.Mode. Displayed here is the wireless mode (Mixed, Wireless-N Only, Wireless-G Only, Wireless-B Only, or Disabled) used by the network.Network Name (SSID). Displayed here is the name of the wireless network or SSID.Radio Band. Displayed here is the Radio Band setting selected on the Basic Wireless Settings screen.Wide Channel. Displayed here is the Wide Channel setting selected on the Basic Wireless Settings screen.Standard Channel. Shown here is the Standard Channel setting selected on the Basic Wireless Settings screen.Security. Displayed here is the wireless security method used by the Router.SSID Broadcast. Displayed here is the status of the SSID Broadcast feature.For more information, click Help.Figure 5-60: Status Tab - Wireless Network
56Appendix A: TroubleshootingCommon Problems and SolutionsDual-Band Wireless-N Gigabit Router with Storage LinkAppendix A: TroubleshootingThis appendix consists of two parts: “Common Problems and Solutions” and “Frequently Asked Questions.” Provided are possible solutions to problems that may occur during the installation and operation of the Router. Read the descriptions below to help you solve your problems. If you can’t find an answer here, check the Linksys website at www.linksys.com.Common Problems and Solutions1. I’m trying to access the Router’s Web-based Utility, but I do not see the login screen. Instead, I see a screen saying, “404 Forbidden.”If you are using Windows Explorer, perform the following steps until you see the Web-based Utility’s login screen (Netscape Navigator will require similar steps):1. Click File. Make sure Work Offline is NOT checked.2. Press CTRL + F5. This is a hard refresh, which will force Windows Explorer to load new webpages, not cached ones.3. Click Tools. Click Internet Options. Click the Security tab. Click the Default level button. Make sure the security level is Medium or lower. Then click the OK button.2. I need to set a static IP address on a PC.You can assign a static IP address to a PC by performing the following steps:• For Windows 98SE and Me:1. Click Start, Settings, and Control Panel. Double-click Network.2. In The following network components are installed box, select the TCP/IP-> associated with your Ethernet adapter. If you only have one Ethernet adapter installed, you will only see one TCP/IP line with no association to an Ethernet adapter. Highlight it and click the Properties button.3. In the TCP/IP properties window, select the IP address tab, and select Specify an IP address. Enter a unique IP address that is not used by any other computer on the network connected to the Router. Make sure that each IP address is unique for each PC or network device.4. Click the Gateway tab, and in the New Gateway prompt, enter 192.168.1.1, which is the default IP address of the Router. Click the Add button to accept the entry.5. Click the DNS tab, and make sure the DNS Enabled option is selected. Enter the Host and Domain names (e.g., John for Host and home for Domain). Enter the DNS entry provided by your ISP. If your ISP has not provided the DNS IP address, contact your ISP to get that information or go to its website for the information.6. Click the OK button in the TCP/IP properties window, and click Close or the OK button for the Network window.7. Restart the computer when asked.
57Appendix A: TroubleshootingCommon Problems and SolutionsDual-Band Wireless-N Gigabit Router with Storage Link• For Windows 2000:1. Click Start, Settings, and Control Panel. Double-click Network and Dial-Up Connections.2. Right-click the Local Area Connection that is associated with the Ethernet adapter you are using, and select the Properties option.3. In the Components checked are used by this connection box, highlight Internet Protocol (TCP/IP), and click the Properties button. Select Use the following IP address option.4. Enter a unique IP address that is not used by any other computer on the network connected to the Router. 5. Enter the Subnet Mask, 255.255.255.0.6. Enter the Default Gateway, 192.168.1.1 (Router’s default IP address).7. Toward the bottom of the window, select Use the following DNS server addresses, and enter the Preferred DNS server and Alternative DNS server (provided by your ISP). Contact your ISP or go on its website to find the information.8. Click the OK button in the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties window, and click the OK button in the Local Area Connection Properties window.9. Restart the computer if asked.• For Windows XP:The following instructions assume you are running Windows XP with the default interface. If you are using the Classic interface (where the icons and menus look like previous Windows versions), please follow the instructions for Windows 2000.1. Click Start and Control Panel. 2. Click the Network and Internet Connections icon and then the Network Connections icon.3. Right-click the Local Area Connection that is associated with the Ethernet adapter you are using, and select the Properties option.4. In the This connection uses the following items box, highlight Internet Protocol (TCP/IP). Click the Properties button.5. Enter a unique IP address that is not used by any other computer on the network connected to the Router. 6. Enter the Subnet Mask, 255.255.255.0.7. Enter the Default Gateway, 192.168.1.1 (Router’s default IP address).8. Toward the bottom of the window, select Use the following DNS server addresses, and enter the Preferred DNS server and Alternative DNS server (provided by your ISP). Contact your ISP or go on its website to find the information.9. Click the OK button in the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties window. Click the OK button in the Local Area Connection Properties window.3. I want to test my Internet connection.A Check your TCP/IP settings. For Windows 98SE, Me, 2000, and XP:• Refer to Windows Help for details. Make sure Obtain IP address automatically is selected in the settings.
58Appendix A: TroubleshootingCommon Problems and SolutionsDual-Band Wireless-N Gigabit Router with Storage LinkB Open a command prompt.For Windows 98SE and Me: • Click Start and Run. In the Open field, type command. Press the Enter key or click the OK button.For Windows 2000 and XP:• Click Start and Run. In the Open field, type cmd. Press the Enter key or click the OK button. In the command prompt, type ping 192.168.1.1 and press the Enter key. • If you get a reply, the computer is communicating with the Router.• If you do NOT get a reply, please check the cable, and make sure Obtain an IP address automatically is selected in the TCP/IP settings for your Ethernet adapter.C In the command prompt, type ping followed by your Internet or WAN IP address and press the Enter key. The Internet or WAN IP Address can be found on the Status screen of the Router’s web-based utility. For example, if your Internet or WAN IP address is 1.2.3.4, you would enter ping 1.2.3.4 and press the Enter key.• If you get a reply, the computer is connected to the Router.• If you do NOT get a reply, try the ping command from a different computer to verify that your original computer is not the cause of the problem.D In the command prompt, type ping www.yahoo.com and press the Enter key. • If you get a reply, the computer is connected to the Internet. If you cannot open a webpage, try the ping command from a different computer to verify that your original computer is not the cause of the problem.• If you do NOT get a reply, there may be a problem with the connection. Try the ping command from a different computer to verify that your original computer is not the cause of the problem.4. I am not getting an IP address on the Internet with my Internet connection.• Refer to “Problem #3, I want to test my Internet connection” to verify that you have connectivity.• If you need to register the MAC address of your Ethernet adapter with your ISP, please see “Appendix E: Finding the MAC address and IP Address for Your Ethernet Adapter.” If you need to clone the MAC address of your Ethernet adapter onto the Router, see the System section of “Chapter 5: Configuring the Wireless-N Gigabit Router with Storage Link” for details.• Make sure you are using the right Internet connection settings. Contact your ISP to see if your Internet connection type is DHCP, Static IP Address, or PPPoE (commonly used by DSL consumers). Please refer to the Setup section of “Chapter 5: Configuring the Wireless-N Gigabit Router with Storage Link” for details on Internet connection settings.• Make sure you have the right cable. Check to see if the Internet column has a solidly lit Link/Act LED. • Make sure the cable connecting from your cable or DSL modem is connected to the Router’s Internet port. Verify that the Status page of the Router’s web-based utility shows a valid IP address from your ISP.• Turn off the computer, Router, and cable/DSL modem. Wait 30 seconds, and then turn on the Router, cable/DSL modem, and computer. Check the Status tab of the Router’s web-based utility to see if you get an IP address.
59Appendix A: TroubleshootingCommon Problems and SolutionsDual-Band Wireless-N Gigabit Router with Storage Link5. I am not able to access the Setup page of the Router’s web-based utility.• Refer to “Problem #3, I want to test my Internet connection” to verify that your computer is properly connected to the Router.• Refer to “Appendix E: Finding the MAC Address and IP address for Your Ethernet Adapter” to verify that your computer has an IP Address, Subnet Mask, Gateway, and DNS.• Set a static IP address on your system; refer to “Problem #2: I need to set a static IP address.”• Refer to “Problem #10: I am a PPPoE user, and I need to remove the proxy settings or the dial-up pop-up window.”6. I need to set up a server behind my Router and make it available to the public.To use a server like a web, ftp, or mail server, you need to know the respective port numbers they are using. For example, port 80 (HTTP) is used for web; port 21 (FTP) is used for FTP, and port 25 (SMTP outgoing) and port 110 (POP3 incoming) are used for the mail server. You can get more information by viewing the documentation provided with the server you installed.Follow these steps to set up port forwarding through the Router’s web-based utility. We will be setting up web, ftp, and mail servers.1. Access the Router’s web-based utility by going to http://192.168.1.1 or the IP address of the Router. Go to the Applications & Gaming => Port Range Forwarding tab. 2. Enter any name you want to use for the Application Name.3. Enter the Start and End Port range of the service you are using. For example, if you have a web server, you would enter the range 80 to 80. 4. Select the protocol(s) you will be using, TCP and/or UDP. 5. Enter the IP address of the PC or network device that you want the port server to go to. For example, if the web server’s Ethernet adapter IP address is 192.168.1.100, you would enter 100 in the field provided. Check “Appendix E: Finding the MAC Address and IP Address for Your Ethernet Adapter” for details on getting an IP address.6. Check the Enabled option for the port services you want to use. Consider the example below:When you have completed the configuration, click the Save Settings button.Application Name Start and End Port Protocol To IP Address EnabledWeb server 80 to 80 Both 192.168.1.100 XFTP server 21 to 21 TCP 192.168.1.101 XSMTP (outgoing) 25 to 25 Both 192.168.1.102 XPOP3 (incoming) 110 to 110 Both 192.168.1.102 X
60Appendix A: TroubleshootingCommon Problems and SolutionsDual-Band Wireless-N Gigabit Router with Storage Link7. I need to set up online game hosting or use other Internet applications.If you want to play online games or use Internet applications, most will work without doing any port forwarding or DMZ hosting. There may be cases when you want to host an online game or Internet application. This would require you to set up the Router to deliver incoming packets or data to a specific computer. This also applies to the Internet applications you are using. The best way to get the information on what port services to use is to go to the website of the online game or application you want to use. Follow these steps to set up online game hosting or use a certain Internet application:1. Access the Router’s web interface by going to http://192.168.1.1 or the IP address of the Router. Go to the Applications & Gaming => Port Range Forwarding tab.2. Enter any name you want to use for the Application Name.3. Enter the Start and End Port range of the service you are using. For example, if you want to host Unreal Tournament (UT), you would enter the range 7777 to 27900.4. Select the protocol(s) you will be using, TCP and/or UDP. 5. Enter the IP address of the PC or network device that you want the port server to go to. For example, if the web server’s Ethernet adapter IP address is 192.168.1.100, you would enter 100 in the field provided. Check “Appendix E: Finding the MAC Address and IP Address for Your Ethernet Adapter” for details on getting an IP address.6. Check the Enabled option for the port services you want to use. Consider the example below:When you have completed the configuration, click the Save Settings button.8. I can’t get the Internet game, server, or application to work.If you are having difficulties getting any Internet game, server, or application to function properly, consider exposing one PC to the Internet using DeMilitarized Zone (DMZ) hosting. This option is available when an application requires too many ports or when you are not sure which port services to use. Make sure you disable all the forwarding entries if you want to successfully use DMZ hosting, since forwarding has priority over DMZ hosting. (In other words, data that enters the Router will be checked first by the forwarding settings. If the port number that the data enters from does not have port forwarding, then the Router will send the data to whichever PC or network device you set for DMZ hosting.) Application Name Start and End Port Protocol To IP Address EnabledUT 7777 to 27900 Both 192.168.1.100 XHalflife 27015 to 27015 Both 192.168.1.105 XPC Anywhere 5631 to 5631 UDP 192.168.1.102 XVPN IPSEC 500 to 500 UDP 192.168.1.100 X
61Appendix A: TroubleshootingCommon Problems and SolutionsDual-Band Wireless-N Gigabit Router with Storage LinkFollow these steps to set DMZ hosting:1. Access the Router’s web-based utility by going to http://192.168.1.1 or the IP address of the Router. Go to the Applications & Gaming => Port Range Forwarding tab.2. Disable or remove the entries you have entered for forwarding. Keep this information in case you want to use it at a later time.3. Go to the Applications & Gaming => DMZ tab.4. Select Enabled next to DMZ. For the computer you want exposed to the Internet, specify it by IP address or MAC address. If you use its IP address, select Destination IP Address, and enter its IP address the Destination IP Address field. If you use its MAC address, select Destination MAC Address, and enter its MAC address in the Destination MAC Address field. Please refer to “Appendix E: Finding the MAC Address and IP Address for Your Ethernet Adapter” for details on getting an IP address. If you assigned a static IP address to the computer, then you can click the DHCP Reservation button on the Basic Setup screen to look up its static IP address.5. Once completed with the configuration, click the Save Settings button.9. I forgot my password, or the password prompt always appears when I am saving settings to the Router.Reset the Router to factory default by pressing the Reset button for five seconds and then releasing it. If you are still getting prompted for a password when saving settings, then perform the following steps:1. Access the Router’s web-based utility by going to http://192.168.1.1 or the IP address of the Router. Enter the default password admin, and click the Administration => Management tab. 2. Enter a different password in the Router Password field, and enter the same password in the second field to confirm the password.3. Click the Save Settings button.10. I am a PPPoE user, and I need to remove the proxy settings or the dial-up pop-up window.If you have proxy settings, you need to disable these on your computer. Because the Router is the gateway for the Internet connection, the computer does not need any proxy settings to gain access. Please follow these directions to verify that you do not have any proxy settings and that the browser you use is set to connect directly to the LAN.• For Microsoft Internet Explorer 5.0 or higher:1. Click Start, Settings, and Control Panel. Double-click Internet Options. 2. Click the Connections tab.3. Click the LAN settings button and remove anything that is checked.4. Click the OK button to go back to the previous screen.5. Click the option Never dial a connection. This will remove any dial-up pop-ups for PPPoE users.• For Netscape 4.7 or higher:1. Start Netscape Navigator, and click Edit, Preferences, Advanced, and Proxies. 2. Make sure you have Direct connection to the Internet selected on this screen.3. Close all the windows to finish.
62Appendix A: TroubleshootingCommon Problems and SolutionsDual-Band Wireless-N Gigabit Router with Storage Link11. To start over, I need to set the Router to factory defaults.Hold the Reset button for five seconds and then release it. This will return the password, forwarding, and other settings on the Router to the factory default settings. In other words, the Router will revert to its original factory configuration.12. I need to upgrade the firmware.In order to upgrade the firmware with the latest features, you need to go to the Linksys website and download the latest firmware at www.linksys.com. Follow these steps:1. Go to the Linksys website at http://www.linksys.com and download the latest firmware.2. To upgrade the firmware, follow the steps in “Appendix C: Upgrading Firmware.”13. The firmware upgrade failed, and/or the Power LED is flashing.The upgrade could have failed for a number of reasons. Follow these steps to upgrade the firmware and/or make the Power LED stop flashing:• If the firmware upgrade failed, use the TFTP program (it was downloaded along with the firmware). Open the pdf that was downloaded along with the firmware and TFTP program, and follow the pdf’s instructions.• Set a static IP address on the PC; refer to “Problem #2, I need to set a static IP address.” Use the following IP address settings for the computer you are using:IP Address: 192.168.1.50Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0Gateway: 192.168.1.1• Perform the upgrade using the TFTP program or the Administration tab of the Router’s web-based utility.14. My DSL service’s PPPoE is always disconnecting.PPPoE is not actually a dedicated or always-on connection. The DSL ISP can disconnect the service after a period of inactivity, just like a normal phone dial-up connection to the Internet. • There is a setup option to “keep alive” the connection. This may not always work, so you may need to re-establish connection periodically.1. To connect to the Router, go to the web browser, and enter http://192.168.1.1 or the IP address of the Router.2. Enter the password, if asked. (The default password is admin.)3. On the Setup screen, select the option Keep Alive, and set the Redial Period option at 20 (seconds).4. Click the Save Settings button.5. Click the Status tab, and click the Connect button.6. You may see the login status display as Connecting. Press the F5 key to refresh the screen, until you see the login status display as Connected.• Click the Save Settings button to continue.• If the connection is lost again, follow steps 1- 6 to re-establish connection.
63Appendix A: TroubleshootingCommon Problems and SolutionsDual-Band Wireless-N Gigabit Router with Storage Link15. I can’t access my e-mail, web or I am getting corrupted data from the Internet.The Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) setting may need to be adjusted. By default, the MTU is set at 1500. For most DSL users, it is strongly recommended to use MTU 1492. • If you are having some difficulties, perform the following steps:1. To connect to the Router, go to the web browser, and enter http://192.168.1.1 or the IP address of the Router.2. Enter the password, if asked. (The default password is admin.)3. On the Basic Setup screen, look for the MTU option, and select Manual. In the Size field, enter 1492. 4. Click the Save Settings button to continue.• If your difficulties continue, change the Size to different values. Try this list of values, one value at a time, in this order, until your problem is solved:146214001362130016. The Power LED keeps flashing.The Power LED flashes when the Router is first powered up. Meantime, the Router will boot up itself and check for proper operation. After finishing the checking procedure, the LED stays solid to show that the Router is working fine. If the LED keeps flashing after this time, the Router is not working properly. Try to flash the firmware by assigning a static IP address to the computer, and then upgrade the firmware. Try using the following settings, IP Address: 192.168.1.50 and Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0.17. When I enter a URL or IP address, I get a time-out error or am prompted to retry.• Check if other PCs work. If they do, ensure that your workstation’s IP settings are correct (IP Address, Subnet Mask, Default Gateway, and DNS). Restart the computer that is having a problem.• If the PCs are configured correctly, but still not working, check the Router. Ensure that it is connected and powered on. Connect to it and check its settings. (If you cannot connect to it, check the LAN and power connections.)• If the Router is configured correctly, check your Internet connection (DSL/cable modem, etc.) to see if it is working correctly. You can remove the Router to verify a direct connection.• Manually configure the TCP/IP settings with a DNS address provided by your ISP.• Make sure that your browser is set to connect directly and that any dial-up is disabled. For Internet Explorer, click Tools, Internet Options, and then the Connection tab. Make sure that Internet Explorer is set to Never dial a connection. For Netscape Navigator, click Edit, Preferences, Advanced, and Proxy. Make sure that Netscape Navigator is set to Direct connection to the Internet.
64Appendix A: TroubleshootingFrequently Asked QuestionsDual-Band Wireless-N Gigabit Router with Storage LinkFrequently Asked QuestionsWhat is the maximum number of IP addresses that the Router will support? The Router will support up to 253 IP addresses.Is IPSec Pass-Through supported by the Router? Yes, it is a built-in feature that the Router automatically enables.Where is the Router installed on the network? In a typical environment, the Router is installed between the cable/DSL modem and the LAN. Plug the Router into the cable/DSL modem’s Ethernet port.Does the Router support IPX or AppleTalk? No. TCP/IP is the only protocol standard for the Internet and has become the global standard for communications. IPX, a NetWare communications protocol used only to route messages from one node to another, and AppleTalk, a communications protocol used on Apple and Macintosh networks, can be used for LAN to LAN connections, but those protocols cannot connect from the Internet to a LAN.Does the Internet connection of the Router support 100Mbps Ethernet? The Router’s current hardware design supports up to 100Mbps Ethernet on its Internet port; however, the Internet connection speed will vary depending on the speed of your broadband connection. The Router also supports 100Mbps over the auto-sensing Fast Ethernet 10/100 switch on the LAN side of the Router. What is Network Address Translation and what is it used for? Network Address Translation (NAT) translates multiple IP addresses on the private LAN to one public address that is sent out to the Internet. This adds a level of security since the address of a PC connected to the private LAN is never transmitted on the Internet. Furthermore, NAT allows the Router to be used with low cost Internet accounts, such as DSL or cable modems, when only one TCP/IP address is provided by the ISP. The user may have many private addresses behind this single address provided by the ISP.Does the Router support any operating system other than Windows 98SE, Windows Millennium, Windows 2000, or Windows XP? Yes, but Linksys does not, at this time, provide technical support for setup, configuration or troubleshooting of any non-Windows operating systems.Does the Router support ICQ send file? Yes, with the following fix: click ICQ menu -> preference -> connections tab->, and check I am behind a firewall or proxy. Then set the firewall time-out to 80 seconds in the firewall setting. The Internet user can then send a file to a user behind the Router.
65Appendix A: TroubleshootingFrequently Asked QuestionsDual-Band Wireless-N Gigabit Router with Storage LinkI set up an Unreal Tournament Server, but others on the LAN cannot join. What do I need to do? If you have a dedicated Unreal Tournament server running, you need to create a static IP for each of the LAN computers and forward ports 7777, 7778, 7779, 7780, 7781, and 27900 to the IP address of the server. You can also use a port forwarding range of 7777 ~ 27900. If you want to use the UT Server Admin, forward another port. (Port 8080 usually works well but is used for remote admin. You may have to disable this.) Then in the [UWeb.WebServer] section of the server.ini file, set the ListenPort to 8080 (to match the mapped port above) and ServerName to the IP assigned to the Router from your ISP.Can multiple gamers on the LAN get on one game server and play simultaneously with just one public IP address? It depends on which network game or what kind of game server you are using. For example, Unreal Tournament supports multi-login with one public IP.How do I get Half-Life: Team Fortress to work with the Router? The default client port for Half-Life is 27005. The computers on your LAN need to have “+clientport 2700x” added to the HL shortcut command line; the x would be 6, 7, 8, and on up. This lets multiple computers connect to the same server. One problem: Version 1.0.1.6 won’t let multiple computers with the same CD key connect at the same time, even if on the same LAN (not a problem with 1.0.1.3). As far as hosting games, the HL server does not need to be in the DMZ. Just forward port 27015 to the local IP address of the server computer. How can I block corrupted FTP downloads? If you are get corrupted files when you download a file with your FTP client, try using another FTP program.The web page hangs; downloads are corrupt, or nothing but junk characters are being displayed on the screen. What do I need to do? Force your Ethernet adapter to 10Mbps or half duplex mode, and turn off the “Auto-negotiate” feature of your Ethernet adapter as a temporary measure. (Please look at the Network Control Panel in your Ethernet adapter’s Advanced Properties tab.) Make sure that your proxy setting is disabled in the browser. Check our website at www.linksys.com for more information.If all else fails in the installation, what can I do? Reset the Router by holding down the Reset button until the Power LED fully turns on and off. Reset your cable or DSL modem by powering the unit off and then on. Obtain and flash the latest firmware release that is available on the Linksys website, www.linksys.com.How will I be notified of new Router firmware upgrades? All Linksys firmware upgrades are posted on the Linksys website at www.linksys.com, where they can be downloaded for free. To upgrade the Router’s firmware, use the Administration - Firmware Upgrade tab of the Router’s web-based utility. If the Router’s Internet connection is working well, there is no need to download a newer firmware version, unless that version contains new features that you would like to use. Downloading a
66Appendix A: TroubleshootingFrequently Asked QuestionsDual-Band Wireless-N Gigabit Router with Storage Linkmore current version of Router firmware will not enhance the quality or speed of your Internet connection, and may disrupt your current connection stability.Will the Router function in a Macintosh environment? Yes, but the Router’s setup pages are accessible only through Internet Explorer 4.0 or Netscape Navigator 4.0 or higher for Macintosh.I am not able to get the web configuration screen for the Router. What can I do? You may have to remove the proxy settings on your Internet browser, e.g., Netscape Navigator or Internet Explorer. Or remove the dial-up settings on your browser. Check with your browser documentation, and make sure that your browser is set to connect directly and that any dial-up is disabled. Make sure that your browser is set to connect directly and that any dial-up is disabled. For Internet Explorer, click Tools, Internet Options, and then the Connection tab. Make sure that Internet Explorer is set to Never dial a connection. For Netscape Navigator, click Edit, Preferences, Advanced, and Proxy. Make sure that Netscape Navigator is set to Direct connection to the Internet.What is DMZ Hosting?Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) allows one IP address (computer) to be exposed to the Internet. Some applications require multiple TCP/IP ports to be open. It is recommended that you set your computer with a static IP if you want to use DMZ Hosting. To get the LAN IP address, see “Appendix E: Finding the MAC Address and IP Address for Your Ethernet Adapter.”If DMZ Hosting is used, does the exposed user share the public IP with the Router? No.Does the Router pass PPTP packets or actively route PPTP sessions? The Router allows PPTP packets to pass through.Is the Router cross-platform compatible? Any platform that supports Ethernet and TCP/IP is compatible with the Router.How many ports can be simultaneously forwarded? Theoretically, the Router can establish 520 sessions at the same time, but it can only forward 10 ranges of ports.What are the advanced features of the Router? The Router’s advanced features include advanced wireless settings, filters, access restriction policies, port forwarding, advanced routing, and DDNS.How do I get mIRC to work with the Router?Under the Port Forwarding tab, set port forwarding to 113 for the PC on which you are using mIRC.
67Appendix A: TroubleshootingFrequently Asked QuestionsDual-Band Wireless-N Gigabit Router with Storage LinkCan the Router act as my DHCP server? Yes. The Router has DHCP server software built-in.Can I run an application from a remote computer over the wireless network? This will depend on whether or not the application is designed to be used over a network. Consult the application’s documentation to determine if it supports operation over a network.What is the draft IEEE 802.11n standard?It is a draft IEEE standard for wireless networks. 802.11n builds upon previous 802.11 standards by adding MIMO (multiple-input multiple-output). MIMO uses multiple transmitter and receiver antennas to allow for increased data throughput and increased operating ranges. The real data throughput is estimated to be 540Mbps, which is 10 times faster than 802.11a.What is the IEEE 802.11g standard?It is one of the IEEE standards for wireless networks. The 802.11g standard allows wireless networking hardware from different manufacturers to communicate, provided that the hardware complies with the 802.11g standard. The 802.11g standard states a maximum data transfer rate of 54Mbps and an operating frequency of 2.4GHz.What is the IEEE 802.11b standard?It is one of the IEEE standards for wireless networks. The 802.11b standard allows wireless networking hardware from different manufacturers to communicate, provided that the hardware complies with the 802.11b standard. The 802.11b standard states a maximum data transfer rate of 11Mbps and an operating frequency of 2.4GHz.What IEEE 802.11g features are supported?The product supports the following IEEE 802.11g functions: • CSMA/CA plus Acknowledge protocol • OFDM protocol• Multi-Channel Roaming • Automatic Rate Selection • RTS/CTS feature • Fragmentation• Power Management What IEEE 802.11b features are supported?The product supports the following IEEE 802.11b functions: • CSMA/CA plus Acknowledge protocol • Multi-Channel Roaming • Automatic Rate Selection
68Appendix A: TroubleshootingFrequently Asked QuestionsDual-Band Wireless-N Gigabit Router with Storage Link• RTS/CTS feature • Fragmentation • Power Management What is ad-hoc mode?When a wireless network is set to ad-hoc mode, the wireless-equipped computers are configured to communicate directly with each other. The ad-hoc network will not communicate with any wired network.What is infrastructure mode?When a wireless network is set to infrastructure mode, the wireless network is configured to communicate with a wired network through a wireless access point.What is roaming?Roaming is the ability of a portable computer to communicate continuously while the user and computer are moving freely throughout an area greater than that covered by a single access point. Before using the roaming function, the workstation must make sure that it is the same channel number with the access point of dedicated coverage area. To achieve true seamless connectivity, the wireless LAN must incorporate a number of different functions. Each node and access point, for example, must always acknowledge receipt of each message. Each node must maintain contact with the wireless network even when not actually transmitting data. Achieving these functions simultaneously requires a dynamic RF networking technology that links access points and nodes. In such a system, the user’s end node undertakes a search for the best possible access to the system. First, it evaluates such factors as signal strength and quality, as well as the message load currently being carried by each access point and the distance of each access point to the wired backbone. Based on that information, the node next selects the right access point and registers its address. Communications between end node and host computer can then be transmitted up and down the backbone.As the user moves on, the end node’s RF transmitter regularly checks the system to determine whether it is in touch with the original access point or whether it should seek a new one. When a node no longer receives acknowledgment from its original access point, it undertakes a new search. Upon finding a new access point, it then re-registers, and the communication process continues.What is ISM band?The FCC and their counterparts outside of the U.S. have set aside bandwidth for unlicensed use in the ISM (Industrial, Scientific and Medical) band. Spectrum in the vicinity of 2.4 GHz, in particular, is being made available worldwide. This presents a truly revolutionary opportunity to place convenient high-speed wireless capabilities in the hands of users around the globe. What is Spread Spectrum?
69Appendix A: TroubleshootingFrequently Asked QuestionsDual-Band Wireless-N Gigabit Router with Storage LinkSpread Spectrum technology is a wideband radio frequency technique developed by the military for use in reliable, secure, mission-critical communications systems. It is designed to trade off bandwidth efficiency for reliability, integrity, and security. In other words, more bandwidth is consumed than in the case of narrowband transmission, but the trade-off produces a signal that is, in effect, louder and thus easier to detect, provided that the receiver knows the parameters of the spread-spectrum signal being broadcast. If a receiver is not tuned to the right frequency, a spread-spectrum signal looks like background noise. There are two main alternatives, Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) and Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS).What is DSSS? What is FHSS? And what are their differences?Frequency-Hopping Spread-Spectrum (FHSS) uses a narrowband carrier that changes frequency in a pattern that is known to both transmitter and receiver. Properly synchronized, the net effect is to maintain a single logical channel. To an unintended receiver, FHSS appears to be short-duration impulse noise. Direct-Sequence Spread-Spectrum (DSSS) generates a redundant bit pattern for each bit to be transmitted. This bit pattern is called a chip (or chipping code). The longer the chip, the greater the probability that the original data can be recovered. Even if one or more bits in the chip are damaged during transmission, statistical techniques embedded in the radio can recover the original data without the need for retransmission. To an unintended receiver, DSSS appears as low power wideband noise and is rejected (ignored) by most narrowband receivers. What is a MAC Address?The Media Access Control (MAC) address is a unique number assigned by the manufacturer to any Ethernet networking device, such as a network adapter, that allows the network to identify it at the hardware level. For all practical purposes, this number is usually permanent. Unlike IP addresses, which can change every time a computer logs onto the network, the MAC address of a device stays the same, making it a valuable identifier for the network.How do I reset the Router?Press the Reset button on the back panel for about five seconds. This will reset the Router to its default settings.How do I resolve issues with signal loss?There is no way to know the exact range of your wireless network without testing. Every obstacle placed between the Router and a wireless PC will create signal loss. Lead glass, metal, concrete floors, water and walls will inhibit the signal and reduce range. Start with the Router and your wireless PC in the same room and move it away in small increments to determine the maximum range in your environment. You may also try using different channels, as this may eliminate interference affecting only one channel.I have excellent signal strength, but I cannot see my network. Wireless security is probably enabled on the Router, but not on your wireless adapter (or vice versa). Verify that the same wireless security method and passphrase/keys are being used on all devices of your wireless network.
70Appendix A: TroubleshootingFrequently Asked QuestionsDual-Band Wireless-N Gigabit Router with Storage LinkHow many channels/frequencies are available with the Router?There are eleven available channels, ranging from 1 to 11, in North America. There may be additional channels available in other regions, subject to the regulations of your region and/or country.If your questions are not addressed here, refer to the Linksys website, www.linksys.com.
70Appendix B: Wireless SecuritySecurity PrecautionsDual-Band Wireless-N Gigabit Router with Storage LinkAppendix B: Wireless SecurityLinksys wants to make wireless networking as safe and easy for you as possible. The current generation of Linksys products provide several network security features, but they require specific action on your part for implementation. So, keep the following in mind whenever you are setting up or using your wireless network.Security PrecautionsThe following is a complete list of security precautions to take (at least steps 1 through 5 should be followed):1. Change the default SSID. 2. Disable SSID Broadcast. 3. Change the default password for the Administrator account. 4. Enable MAC Address Filtering. 5. Change the SSID periodically. 6. Use the highest encryption algorithm possible. Use WPA if it is available. Please note that this may reduce your network performance. 7. Change the WEP encryption keys periodically. For information on implementing these security features, refer to “Chapter 5: Configuring the Wireless-N Gigabit Router with Storage Link.”Security Threats Facing Wireless Networks Wireless networks are easy to find. Hackers know that in order to join a wireless network, wireless networking products first listen for “beacon messages”. These messages can be easily decrypted and contain much of the network’s information, such as the network’s SSID (Service Set Identifier). Here are the steps you can take:Change the administrator’s password regularly. With every wireless networking device you use, keep in mind that network settings (SSID, WEP keys, etc.) are stored in its firmware. Your network administrator is the only person who can change network settings. If a hacker gets a hold of the administrator’s password, he, too, can change those settings. So, make it harder for a hacker to get that information. Change the administrator’s password regularly.
71Appendix B: Wireless SecuritySecurity Threats Facing Wireless NetworksDual-Band Wireless-N Gigabit Router with Storage LinkSSID. There are several things to keep in mind about the SSID: 1. Disable Broadcast 2. Make it unique 3. Change it often Most wireless networking devices will give you the option of broadcasting the SSID. While this option may be more convenient, it allows anyone to log into your wireless network. This includes hackers. So, don’t broadcast the SSID.Wireless networking products come with a default SSID set by the factory. (The Linksys default SSID is “linksys”.) Hackers know these defaults and can check these against your network. Change your SSID to something unique and not something related to your company or the networking products you use.Change your SSID regularly so that any hackers who have gained access to your wireless network will have to start from the beginning in trying to break in.MAC Addresses. Enable MAC Address filtering. MAC Address filtering will allow you to provide access to only those wireless nodes with certain MAC Addresses. This makes it harder for a hacker to access your network with a random MAC Address. WEP Encryption. Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) is often looked upon as a cure-all for wireless security concerns. This is overstating WEP’s ability. Again, this can only provide enough security to make a hacker’s job more difficult.There are several ways that WEP can be maximized:1. Use the highest level of encryption possible 2. Use “Shared Key” authentication3. Change your WEP key regularly WPA. WPA is stronger than WEP encryption, and WPA2 has stronger encryption than WPA. WPA and WPA2 gives you a choice of two encryption methods: TKIP (Temporal Key Integrity Protocol), which incorporates Message Integrity Code (MIC) to provide protection against hackers, and AES (Advanced Encryption System), which utilizes a symmetric 128-Bit block data encryption. (AES is stronger than TKIP.)WPA-Enterprise and WPA2-Enterprise use a RADIUS (Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service) server for authentication. RADIUS uses a RADIUS server and WEP encryption.IMPORTANT: Always remember that each device in your wireless network MUST use the same security method and key, or else your wireless network will not function properly.
72Appendix B: Wireless SecuritySecurity Threats Facing Wireless NetworksDual-Band Wireless-N Gigabit Router with Storage LinkWPA/WPA2-Personal. Select the type of algorithm, TKIP or AES, and enter a password in the Pre-shared Key field of 8-63 characters. Enter a Key Renewal period time between 0 and 99,999 seconds, which instructs the Router or other device how often it should change the encryption keys.WPA/WPA2-Enterprise. This method is WPA or WPA2 used in coordination with a RADIUS server. Enter the IP address and port number of the RADIUS server. Then enter the key shared between the Router and its RADIUS server. Then enter a Key Renewal period, which instructs the Router or other device how often it should change the encryption keys.RADIUS. This method is WEP used in coordination with a RADIUS server. Enter the IP address and port number of the RADIUS server. Then enter the key shared between the Router and its RADIUS server. Enter the WEP settings.Implementing encryption may have a negative impact on your network’s performance, but if you are transmitting sensitive data over your network, encryption should be used. These security recommendations should help keep your mind at ease while you are enjoying the most flexible and convenient technology Linksys has to offer.
73Appendix C: Upgrading FirmwareDual-Band Wireless-N Gigabit Router with Storage LinkAppendix C: Upgrading FirmwareThe Router's firmware is upgraded through the Web-based Utility's Administration tab. Follow these instructions:1. Download the firmware from Linksys's website at www.linksys.com.2. Extract the firmware file on your computer.3. Open the Router’s Web-based Utility, and click the Administration tab.4. Click the Firmware Upgrade tab, and the Firmware Upgrade screen will appear.5. Enter the location of the firmware's file, or click the Browse button to find the file.6. Click the Start to Upgrade button, and follow the on-screen instructions.Figure C-1: Firmware Upgrade
74Appendix D: Windows HelpDual-Band Wireless-N Gigabit Router with Storage LinkAppendix D: Windows HelpAlmost all Linksys wireless products require Microsoft Windows. Windows is the most used operating system in the world and comes with many features that help make networking easier. These features can be accessed through Windows Help and are described in this appendix.TCP/IPBefore a computer can communicate with the Router, TCP/IP must be enabled. TCP/IP is a set of instructions, or protocol, all PCs follow to communicate over a network. This is true for wireless networks as well. Your PCs will not be able to utilize wireless networking without having TCP/IP enabled. Windows Help provides complete instructions on enabling TCP/IP.Shared ResourcesIf you wish to share printers, folder, or files over your network, Windows Help provides complete instructions on utilizing shared resources.Network Neighborhood/My Network PlacesOther PCs on your network will appear under Network Neighborhood or My Network Places (depending upon the version of Windows you're running). Windows Help provides complete instructions on adding PCs to your network.
75Appendix E: Finding the MAC Address and IP Address for your Ethernet AdapterWindows 98SE or Me InstructionsDual-Band Wireless-N Gigabit Router with Storage LinkAppendix E: Finding the MAC Address and IP Address for your Ethernet AdapterThis section describes how to find the MAC address for your computer’s Ethernet adapter so you can use the MAC filtering and/or MAC address cloning feature of the Router. You can also find the IP address of your computer’s Ethernet adapter. This IP address is used for the Router’s filtering, forwarding, and/or DMZ features. Follow the steps in this appendix to find the adapter’s MAC or IP address in Windows 98, Me, 2000, or XP.Windows 98SE or Me Instructions1. Click Start and Run. In the Open field, enter winipcfg. Then press the Enter key or the OK button. 2. When the IP Configuration screen appears, select the Ethernet adapter you have connected to the Router via a CAT 5 Ethernet network cable. See Figure E-1.3. Write down the Adapter Address as shown on your computer screen (see Figure E-2). This is the MAC address for your Ethernet adapter and is shown as a series of numbers and letters.The MAC address/Adapter Address is what you will use for MAC address cloning or MAC filtering.The example in Figure E-3 shows the Ethernet adapter’s IP address as 192.168.1.100. Your computer may show something different. Figure E-2: MAC Address/Adapter AddressFigure E-1: IP Configuration ScreenNOTE: The MAC address is also called the Adapter Address.Figure E-3: MAC Address/Physical Address
76Appendix E: Finding the MAC Address and IP Address for your Ethernet AdapterWindows 2000 or XP InstructionsDual-Band Wireless-N Gigabit Router with Storage LinkWindows 2000 or XP Instructions1. Click Start and Run. In the Open field, enter cmd. Press the Enter key or click the OK button.2. At the command prompt, enter ipconfig /all. Then press the Enter key.3. Write down the Physical Address as shown on your computer screen (Figure E-3); it is the MAC address for your Ethernet adapter. This appears as a series of numbers and letters.The MAC address/Physical Address is what you will use for MAC address cloning or MAC filtering.The example in Figure E-3 shows the Ethernet adapter’s IP address as 192.168.1.100. Your computer may show something different.For the Router’s Web-based UtilityFor MAC filtering, enter the 12-digit MAC address in the appropriate MAC field on the Wireless MAC Filter screen.For MAC address cloning, enter the MAC address in the MAC Address fields on the MAC Address Clone screen.For more information, refer to “Chapter 5: Configuring the Wireless-N Gigabit Router with Storage Link.”Figure E-4: Wireless MAC FilterNOTE: The MAC address is also called the Physical Address.Figure E-5: MAC Address Cloning
77Appendix F: GlossaryDual-Band Wireless-N Gigabit Router with Storage LinkAppendix F: GlossaryThis glossary contains some basic networking terms you may come across when using this product. For more advanced terms, see the complete Linksys glossary at http://www.linksys.com/glossary.Access Point - A device that allows wireless-equipped computers and other devices to communicate with a wired network. Also used to expand the range of a wireless network.Ad-hoc - A group of wireless devices communicating directly with each other (peer-to-peer) without the use of an access point.AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) - A security method that uses symmetric 128-bit block data encryption.Bandwidth - The transmission capacity of a given device or network.Bit - A binary digit.Boot - To start a device and cause it to start executing instructions.Broadband - An always-on, fast Internet connection.Browser - An application program that provides a way to look at and interact with all the information on the World Wide Web. Byte - A unit of data that is usually eight bits longCable Modem - A device that connects a computer to the cable television network, which in turn connects to the Internet.Daisy Chain - A method used to connect devices in a series, one after the other.DDNS (Dynamic Domain Name System) - Allows the hosting of a website, FTP server, or e-mail server with a fixed domain name (e.g., www.xyz.com) and a dynamic IP address.Default Gateway - A device that forwards Internet traffic from your local area network.DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) - A networking protocol that allows administrators to assign temporary IP addresses to network computers by “leasing” an IP address to a user for a limited amount of time, instead of assigning permanent IP addresses.
78Appendix F: GlossaryDual-Band Wireless-N Gigabit Router with Storage LinkDMZ (Demilitarized Zone) - Removes the Router's firewall protection from one PC, allowing it to be “seen” from the Internet.DNS (Domain Name Server) - The IP address of your ISP's server, which translates the names of websites into IP addresses.Domain - A specific name for a network of computers.Download - To receive a file transmitted over a network. DSL (Digital Subscriber Line) - An always-on broadband connection over traditional phone lines.Dynamic IP Address - A temporary IP address assigned by a DHCP server.EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol) - A general authentication protocol used to control network access. Many specific authentication methods work within this framework.Encryption - Encoding data transmitted in a network. Ethernet - IEEE standard network protocol that specifies how data is placed on and retrieved from a common transmission medium.Firewall - A set of related programs located at a network gateway server that protects the resources of a network from users from other networks.Firmware - The programming code that runs a networking device.FTP (File Transfer Protocol) - A protocol used to transfer files over a TCP/IP network.Full Duplex - The ability of a networking device to receive and transmit data simultaneously.Gateway - A device that interconnects networks with different, incompatible communications protocols. Half Duplex - Data transmission that can occur in two directions over a single line, but only one direction at a time.HTTP (HyperText Transport Protocol) - The communications protocol used to connect to servers on the World Wide Web.Infrastructure - A wireless network that is bridged to a wired network via an access point.IP (Internet Protocol) - A protocol used to send data over a network.
79Appendix F: GlossaryDual-Band Wireless-N Gigabit Router with Storage LinkIP Address - The address used to identify a computer or device on a network.IPCONFIG - A Windows 2000 and XP utility that displays the IP address for a particular networking device.IPSec (Internet Protocol Security) - A VPN protocol used to implement secure exchange of packets at the IP layer.ISP (Internet Service Provider) - A company that provides access to the Internet. LAN - The computers and networking products that make up your local network.MAC (Media Access Control) Address - The unique address that a manufacturer assigns to each networking device. Mbps (MegaBits Per Second) - One million bits per second; a unit of measurement for data transmission.NAT (Network Address Translation) - NAT technology translates IP addresses of a local area network to a different IP address for the Internet.Network - A series of computers or devices connected for the purpose of data sharing, storage, and/or transmission between users.Packet - A unit of data sent over a network.Passphrase - Used much like a password, a passphrase simplifies the WEP encryption process by automatically generating the WEP encryption keys for Linksys products.Ping (Packet INternet Groper) - An Internet utility used to determine whether a particular IP address is online.POP3 (Post Office Protocol 3) - A standard mail server commonly used on the Internet.Port - The connection point on a computer or networking device used for plugging in cables or adapters. Power over Ethernet (PoE) - A technology enabling an Ethernet network cable to deliver both data and power.PPPoE (Point to Point Protocol over Ethernet) - A type of broadband connection that provides authentication (username and password) in addition to data transport.PPTP (Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol) - A VPN protocol that allows the Point to Point Protocol (PPP) to be tunneled through an IP network. This protocol is also used as a type of broadband connection in Europe.RADIUS (Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service) - A protocol that uses an authentication server to control network access.
80Appendix F: GlossaryDual-Band Wireless-N Gigabit Router with Storage LinkRJ-45 (Registered Jack-45) - An Ethernet connector that holds up to eight wires.Roaming - The ability to take a wireless device from one access point's range to another without losing the connection.Router - A networking device that connects multiple networks together.Server - Any computer whose function in a network is to provide user access to files, printing, communications, and other services. SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) - The standard e-mail protocol on the Internet.SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) - A widely used network monitoring and control protocol.SPI (Stateful Packet Inspection) Firewall - A technology that inspects incoming packets of information before allowing them to enter the network.SSID (Service Set IDentifier) - Your wireless network's name.Static IP Address - A fixed address assigned to a computer or device that is connected to a network.Static Routing - Forwarding data in a network via a fixed path.Subnet Mask - An address code that determines the size of the network.Switch - 1. A data switch that connects computing devices to host computers, allowing a large number of devices to share a limited number of ports. 2. A device for making, breaking, or changing the connections in an electrical circuit. TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) - A network protocol for transmitting data that requires acknowledgement from the recipient of data sent.TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) - A set of instructions PCs use to communicate over a network.Telnet - A user command and TCP/IP protocol used for accessing remote PCs.TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol) - A version of the TCP/IP FTP protocol that has no directory or password capability.Throughput - The amount of data moved successfully from one node to another in a given time period.
81Appendix F: GlossaryDual-Band Wireless-N Gigabit Router with Storage LinkTKIP (Temporal Key Integrity Protocol) - a wireless encryption protocol that provides dynamic encryption keys for each packet transmitted.Topology - The physical layout of a network.TX Rate - Transmission Rate.Upgrade - To replace existing software or firmware with a newer version. Upload - To transmit a file over a network.URL (Uniform Resource Locator) - The address of a file located on the Internet. VPN (Virtual Private Network) - A security measure to protect data as it leaves one network and goes to another over the Internet.WAN (Wide Area Network)- The Internet.WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) - A method of encrypting network data transmitted on a wireless network for greater security.WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network) - A group of computers and associated devices that communicate with each other wirelessly.WPA (Wi-Fi Protected Access) - a wireless security protocol using TKIP (Temporal Key Integrity Protocol) encryption, which can be used in conjunction with a RADIUS server.
82Appendix G: SpecificationsDual-Band Wireless-N Gigabit Router with Storage LinkAppendix G: SpecificationsModel WRT600NStandards Draft 802.11n, 802.11a, 802.11g, 802.11b, 802.3, 802.3uPorts Power, Internet, Ethernet, USBButton ResetLEDs Power, Ethernet (1-4), Internet, USB5GHz: Wireless, Security2.4GHz: Wireless, Security# of Antennas 3RF Pwr (EIRP) in dBm 28.1 dBm for 2.4Ghz, 19.7 dBm for 5GHzAntenna Gain in dBi 3.7 dBi (all antenna types)UPnP able/cert AbleSecurity Features WEP, WPA, WPA2WEP Key Bits 128, 256Dimensions 7.40 x 1.89 x 6.93 in(188 mm x 48 mm x 176 mm)Unit Weight 15 oz (0.4 kg)Power 12VCertifications FCC, IC-03
83Appendix G: SpecificationsDual-Band Wireless-N Gigabit Router with Storage LinkOperating Temp. 0° C to 40° C (32° F to 104° F)Storage Temp. -20° C to 60° C (-4° F to 140° F)Operating Humidity 10% to 85%, Non-CondensingStorage Humidity 5% to 90% Non-Condensing
84Appendix H: Warranty InformationDual-Band Wireless-N Gigabit Router with Storage LinkAppendix H: Warranty InformationLIMITED WARRANTYLinksys warrants to You that, for a period of three years (the “Warranty Period”), your Linksys Product will be substantially free of defects in materials and workmanship under normal use. Your exclusive remedy and Linksys' entire liability under this warranty will be for Linksys at its option to repair or replace the Product or refund Your purchase price less any rebates. This limited warranty extends only to the original purchaser. If the Product proves defective during the Warranty Period call Linksys Technical Support in order to obtain a Return Authorization Number, if applicable. BE SURE TO HAVE YOUR PROOF OF PURCHASE ON HAND WHEN CALLING. If You are requested to return the Product, mark the Return Authorization Number clearly on the outside of the package and include a copy of your original proof of purchase. RETURN REQUESTS CANNOT BE PROCESSED WITHOUT PROOF OF PURCHASE. You are responsible for shipping defective Products to Linksys. Linksys pays for UPS Ground shipping from Linksys back to You only. Customers located outside of the United States of America and Canada are responsible for all shipping and handling charges. ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES AND CONDITIONS OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE LIMITED TO THE DURATION OF THE WARRANTY PERIOD. ALL OTHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED CONDITIONS, REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES, INCLUDING ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OF NON-INFRINGEMENT, ARE DISCLAIMED. Some jurisdictions do not allow limitations on how long an implied warranty lasts, so the above limitation may not apply to You. This warranty gives You specific legal rights, and You may also have other rights which vary by jurisdiction.This warranty does not apply if the Product (a) has been altered, except by Linksys, (b) has not been installed, operated, repaired, or maintained in accordance with instructions supplied by Linksys, or (c) has been subjected to abnormal physical or electrical stress, misuse, negligence, or accident. In addition, due to the continual development of new techniques for intruding upon and attacking networks, Linksys does not warrant that the Product will be free of vulnerability to intrusion or attack.TO THE EXTENT NOT PROHIBITED BY LAW, IN NO EVENT WILL LINKSYS BE LIABLE FOR ANY LOST DATA, REVENUE OR PROFIT, OR FOR SPECIAL, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, INCIDENTAL OR PUNITIVE DAMAGES, REGARDLESS OF THE THEORY OF LIABILITY (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE), ARISING OUT OF OR RELATED TO THE USE OF OR INABILITY TO USE THE PRODUCT (INCLUDING ANY SOFTWARE), EVEN IF LINKSYS HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. IN NO EVENT WILL LINKSYS’ LIABILITY EXCEED THE AMOUNT PAID BY YOU FOR THE PRODUCT. The foregoing limitations will apply even if any warranty or remedy provided under this Agreement fails of its essential purpose. Some jurisdictions do not allow the exclusion or limitation of incidental or consequential damages, so the above limitation or exclusion may not apply to You.Please direct all inquiries to: Linksys, P.O. Box 18558, Irvine, CA 92623 USA.
85Appendix I: Regulatory InformationDual-Band Wireless-N Gigabit Router with Storage LinkAppendix I: Regulatory InformationFCC StatementThis product has been tested and complies with the specifications for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used according to the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which is found by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:• Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna• Increase the separation between the equipment or devices• Connect the equipment to an outlet other than the receiver's• Consult a dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for assistanceFCC Radiation Exposure StatementThis equipment complies with FCC radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled environment. This equipment should be installed and operated with minimum distance 20cm between the radiator and your body.Safety NoticesCaution: To reduce the risk of fire, use only No.26 AWG or larger telecommunication line cord.Do not use this product near water, for example, in a wet basement or near a swimming pool.Avoid using this product during an electrical storm. There may be a remote risk of electric shock from lightning.Industry Canada (Canada)This device complies with Industry Canada ICES-003 and RSS210 rules.Cet appareil est conforme aux normes NMB003 et RSS210 d'Industrie Canada.
86Appendix I: Regulatory InformationDual-Band Wireless-N Gigabit Router with Storage LinkUser Information for Consumer Products Covered by EU Directive 2002/96/EC on Waste Electric and Electronic Equipment (WEEE)This document contains important information for users with regards to the proper disposal and recycling of Linksys products. Consumers are required to comply with this notice for all electronic products bearing the following symbol:
87Appendix I: Regulatory InformationDual-Band Wireless-N Gigabit Router with Storage Link
88Appendix I: Regulatory InformationDual-Band Wireless-N Gigabit Router with Storage Link
89Appendix I: Regulatory InformationDual-Band Wireless-N Gigabit Router with Storage Link
90Appendix I: Regulatory InformationWireless-N Gigabit Router with Storage LinkFor more information, visit www.linksys.com.
91Appendix J: Contact InformationDual-Band Wireless-N Gigabit Router with Storage LinkAppendix J: Contact InformationNeed to contact Linksys?Visit us online for information on the latest products and updates to your existing products at: http://www.linksys.com or ftp.linksys.comCan’t find information about a product you want to buyon the web? Do you want to know more about networkingwith Linksys products? Give our advice line a call at: 800-546-5797 (LINKSYS)Or fax your request in to: 949-823-3002If you experience problems with any Linksys product,you can call us at: 800-859-2379Don’t wish to call? You can e-mail us at: support@linksys.comIf any Linksys product proves defective during its warranty period,you can call the Linksys Return Merchandise Authorizationdepartment for obtaining a Return Authorization Number at: 949-823-3000(Details on Warranty and RMA issues can be found in the WarrantyInformation section in this Guide.)

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