LINKSYS WUSB300N Wireless-N USB Network Adapter User Manual Book

LINKSYS LLC Wireless-N USB Network Adapter Book

Contents

Manual Part2

25Chapter 5: Using the Wireless Network MonitorCreate a New ProfileWireless-N USB Network AdapterAdvanced SetupIf your network is not listed with the available networks, you can use Advanced Setup. 1. Click Advanced Setup on the Available Wireless Networks screen to set up the adapter manually.2. The Network Settings screen from the Wireless Network Monitor will appear. If your network has a router or other DHCP server, click the radio button next to Obtain network settings automatically (DHCP).If your network does not have a DHCP server or router, click the radio button next to Specify network settings. Enter an IP Address, Subnet Mask, Default Gateway, and DNS addresses appropriate for your network. You must specify the IP Address and Subnet Mask on this screen. If you are unsure about the Default Gateway and DNS addresses, leave these fields empty. IP Address - This IP Address must be unique to your network.Subnet Mask - The Adapter’s Subnet Mask must be the same as your wired network’s Subnet Mask.Default Gateway - Enter the IP address of your network’s Gateway here. DNS 1 and DNS 2 - Enter the DNS address of your wired Ethernet network here.Click the Next button to continue, or click the Back button to return to the previous screen.Figure 5-15: Available Wireless NetworksFigure 5-16: Network Settings
26Chapter 5: Using the Wireless Network MonitorCreate a New ProfileWireless-N USB Network Adapter3. The Wireless Mode screen shows a choice of two wireless modes. Click the Infrastructure Mode radio button if you want to connect to a wireless router or access point. Click the Ad-Hoc Mode radio button if you want to connect to another wireless device directly without using a wireless router or access point. Enter the Wireless Network Name for your network.Infrastructure Mode - Use this mode if you want to connect to a wireless router or access point.Ad-Hoc Mode - Use this mode if you want to connect to another wireless device directly without using a wireless router or access point.Wireless Network Name - This is the wireless network name (SSID) that must be used for all the devices in your wireless network. It is case- sensitive and should be a unique name to help prevent others from entering your network.Click the Next button to continue, or click the Back button to return to the previous screen.4. If you chose Infrastructure Mode, go to Step 5 now. If you chose Ad-Hoc Mode, the Ad-Hoc Mode Settings screen will appear.Network Mode - Select the Network Mode in which your wireless network will operate. In Mixed mode, Wireless-N, Wireless-B and Wireless-G devices can operate on the same network. Standard Channel - Select the correct channel for your wireless network. The channel you choose should match the channel set on the other devices in your wireless network. If you are unsure about which channel to use, keep the default setting Auto.Click the Next button. Click the Back button to change any settings.Figure 5-17: Wireless ModeFigure 5-18: Ad-Hoc Mode Settings
27Chapter 5: Using the Wireless Network MonitorCreate a New ProfileWireless-N USB Network Adapter5. If your wireless network doesn’t have wireless security, select Disabled and then click the Next button to continue. Proceed to Step 6.If your wireless network has wireless security, select the method of security used: WEP, PSK, PSK2, PSK+RADIUS, PSK2+RADIUS, or RADIUS. WEP stands for Wired Equivalent Privacy, and PSK stands for Pre-shared key. PSK2 stands for Pre-shared key 2. PSK is a stronger security method than WEP. PSK2 is a stronger security method than PSK. RADIUS stands for Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service. Click the Next button to continue or the Back button to return to the previous screen. Proceed to the appropriate section for the security method used on your network: WEP, PSK, PSK2, PSK+RADIUS, PSK2+RADIUS, or RADIUS.WEPWEP - Select 64-bit or 128-bit encryption Passphrase - Enter a passphrase in the Passphrase field, so a WEP key is automatically generated. It is case-sensitive and should not be longer than 16 alphanumeric characters. This passphrase must match the passphrase of your wireless network and is compatible with Linksys wireless products only. (If you have any non-Linksys wireless products, enter the WEP key manually on those products.)WEP Key - The WEP key you enter must match the WEP key of your wireless network. For 64-bit encryption, enter exactly 10 hexadecimal characters. For 128-bit encryption, enter exactly 26 hexadecimal characters. Valid hexadecimal characters are “0” to “9” and “A” to “F”.Advanced UsersTX Key - The default transmit key number is 1. If your network’s access point or wireless router uses transmit key number 2, 3, or 4, select the appropriate number from the TX Key drop-down box.Authentication -The default is set to Auto, so it will auto-detect for Shared Key or Open System authentication. For Shared Key authentication, both the sender and the recipient share a WEP key for authentication. For Open System authentication, the sender and the recipient do not share a WEP key for authentication. If you are not sure which authentication method to select, keep the default, Auto.Click the Next button to continue, or click the Back button to return to the previous screen.wep (wired equivalent privacy): a method of encrypting network data transmitted on a wireless network for greater security.Figure 5-19: Wireless Security - WEP
28Chapter 5: Using the Wireless Network MonitorCreate a New ProfileWireless-N USB Network AdapterPSKPSK offers two encryption methods, TKIP and AES, with dynamic encryption keys. Select TKIP or AES for encryption. Then enter a Pre-shared Key that is 8-63 characters in length. You must enter the same security settings used on your network.Encryption - Select the type of algorithm you want to use, TKIP or AES, from the Encryption drop-down menu.Pre-shared Key - Enter a Pre-shared Key of 8-63 characters in the Pre-shared Key field. Click the Next button to continue or the Back button to return to the previous screen.PSK2Enter a Pre-shared Key that is 8-63 characters in length. You must enter the same security settings used on your network.Pre-shared Key - Enter a Pre-shared Key of 8-63 characters in the Pre-shared Key field. Click the Next button to continue or the Back button to return to the previous screen.PSK (Pre-shared key): a wireless security protocol using TKIP (Temporal Key Integrity Protocol) encryption, which can be used in conjunction with a RADIUS server.Figure 5-20: Wireless Security - PSKFigure 5-21: Wireless Security - PSK2
29Chapter 5: Using the Wireless Network MonitorCreate a New ProfileWireless-N USB Network AdapterPSK+RADIUSPSK+RADIUS features PSK security used in coordination with a RADIUS server. (This should only be used when a RADIUS server is connected to the Router.) PSK+RADIUS offers two authentication methods, EAP-TLS and PEAP, as well as two encryption methods, TKIP and AES, with dynamic encryption keys. You must enter the same security settings used on your network.Authentication - Select the authentication method your network is using, EAP-TLS or PEAP.EAP-TLSIf you selected EAP-TLS, enter the login name of your wireless network in the Login Name field. Enter the name of the authentication server in the Server Name field (this is optional). From the Certificate drop-down menu, select the certificate you have installed to authenticate you on your wireless network. Select the type of encryption, TKIP or AES, from the Encryption drop-down menu.Click the Next button to continue or the Back button to return to the previous screen.PEAPIf you selected PEAP, enter the login name of your wireless network in the Login Name field. Enter the password of your wireless network in the Password field. Enter the name of the authentication server in the Server Name field (this is optional). From the Certificate drop-down menu, select the certificate you have installed to authenticate you on your wireless network; if you want to use any certificate, keep the default setting, Trust Any. Then select the authentication method used inside the PEAP tunnel. Select the type of encryption, TKIP or AES, from the Encryption drop-down menu.Click the Next button to continue or the Back button to return to the previous screen.Figure 5-22: Wireless Security - PSK+RADIUS - EAP-TLSFigure 5-23: Wireless Security - PSK+RADIUS - PEAP
30Chapter 5: Using the Wireless Network MonitorCreate a New ProfileWireless-N USB Network AdapterPSK2+RADIUSPSK2+RADIUS features PSK2 security used in coordination with a RADIUS server. (This should only be used when a RADIUS server is connected to the Router.) PSK2+RADIUS offers two authentication methods, EAP-TLS and PEAP. You must enter the same security settings used on your network.Authentication - Select the authentication method your network is using, EAP-TLS or PEAP.EAP-TLSIf you selected EAP-TLS, enter the login name of your wireless network in the Login Name field. Enter the name of the authentication server in the Server Name field (this is optional). From the Certificate drop-down menu, select the certificate you have installed to authenticate you on your wireless network.Click the Next button to continue or the Back button to return to the previous screen.PEAPIf you selected PEAP, enter the login name of your wireless network in the Login Name field. Enter the password of your wireless network in the Password field. Enter the name of the authentication server in the Server Name field (this is optional). From the Certificate drop-down menu, select the certificate you have installed to authenticate you on your wireless network; if you want to use any certificate, keep the default setting, Trust Any. Then select the authentication method used inside the PEAP tunnel.Click the Next button to continue or the Back button to return to the previous screen.Figure 5-24: Wireless Security - PSK2+RADIUS - EAP-TLSFigure 5-25: Wireless Security - PSK2+RADIUS - PEAP
31Chapter 5: Using the Wireless Network MonitorCreate a New ProfileWireless-N USB Network AdapterRADIUSRADIUS features use of a RADIUS server. (This should only be used when a RADIUS server is connected to the Router.) RADIUS offers two authentication types: EAP-TLS and PEAP. You must enter the same security settings used on your network.Authentication - Select the authentication method your network is using, EAP-TLS or PEAP.EAP-TLSIf you selected EAP-TLS, enter the login name of your wireless network in the Login Name field. Enter the name of the authentication server in the Server Name field (this is optional). From the Certificate drop-down menu, select the certificate you have installed to authenticate you on your wireless network.Click the Next button to continue or the Back button to return to the previous screen.PEAPIf you selected PEAP, enter the login name of your wireless network in the Login Name field. Enter the password of your wireless network in the Password field. Enter the name of the authentication server in the Server Name field (this is optional). From the Certificate drop-down menu, select the certificate you have installed to authenticate you on your wireless network; if you want to use any certificate, keep the default setting, Trust Any. Then select the authentication method used inside the PEAP tunnel.Click the Next button to continue or the Back button to return to the previous screen.Figure 5-26: Wireless Security - RADIUS - EAP-TLSFigure 5-27: Wireless Security - RADIUS - PEAP
32Chapter 5: Using the Wireless Network MonitorCreate a New ProfileWireless-N USB Network Adapter6. The Confirm New Settings screen will appear next and show the new settings. To save the new settings, click the Save button. To edit the new settings, click the Back button. To exit the Advanced Setup through the Wireless Network Monitor, click Exit.7. The Congratulations screen will appear next. Click Connect to Network to implement the new settings immediately and return to the Link Information screen. Click Return to Profiles Screen to keep the current settings active and return to the Profiles screen.Congratulations! The profile has been successfully configured.Figure 5-28: Confirm New SettingsFigure 5-29: Congratulations
33Appendix A: TroubleshootingCommon Problems and SolutionsWireless-N USB Network AdapterAppendix A: TroubleshootingThis appendix consists of two parts: “Common Problems and Solutions” and “Frequently Asked Questions.” This appendix provides solutions to problems that may occur during the installation and operation of the Wireless-N USB Network Adapter. Read the description below to solve your problems. If you can't find an answer here, check the Linksys website at www.linksys.com.Common Problems and Solutions1. My computer does not recognize the Wireless-N USB Network Adapter.Make sure that the Wireless-N USB Network Adapter is properly inserted into the USB port.2. The Wireless-N USB Network Adapter does not work properly.Reinsert the Wireless-N USB Network Adapter into the PC’s USB port.3. I cannot communicate with the other computers linked via Ethernet in the Infrastructure configuration.Make sure that the notebook or desktop is powered on.Make sure that the Wireless-N USB Network Adapter is configured with the same Wireless Network Name (SSID) and wireless security settings in your network.Frequently Asked QuestionsCan I run an application from a remote computer over the wireless network?This will depend on whether or not the application is designed to be used over a network. Consult the application’s user guide to determine if it supports operation over a network.Can I play computer games with other members of the wireless network?Yes, as long as the game supports multiple players over a LAN (local area network). Refer to the game’s user guide for more information.What is the 802.11b standard?It is one of the standards for wireless networks. The 802.11b standard allows wireless networking hardware from different manufacturers to communicate, provided that the hardware complies with the 802.11b standard. The 802.11b standard states a maximum data transfer rate of 11Mbps and an operating frequency of 2.4GHz.
34Appendix A: TroubleshootingFrequently Asked QuestionsWireless-N USB Network AdapterWhat is the IEEE 802.11g standard?It is one of the IEEE standards for wireless networks. The 802.11g standard allows wireless networking hardware from different manufacturers to communicate, provided that the hardware complies with the 802.11g standard. The 802.11g standard states a maximum data transfer rate of 54Mbps and an operating frequency of 2.4GHz.What 802.11b features are supported?The product supports the following 802.11b functions: • CSMA/CA plus Acknowledge protocol • Multi-Channel Roaming • Automatic Rate Selection • RTS/CTS feature • Fragmentation • Power ManagementWhat IEEE 802.11g features are supported?The product supports the following IEEE 802.11g functions: • CSMA/CA plus Acknowledge protocol • OFDM protocol• Multi-Channel Roaming • Automatic Rate Selection • RTS/CTS feature • Fragmentation• Power Management What is ad-hoc mode?When a wireless network is set to ad-hoc mode, the wireless-equipped computers are configured to communicate directly with each other. This type of network will not communicate with any wired network. What is infrastructure mode?When a wireless network is set to infrastructure mode, the wireless network is configured to communicate with a wired network through a wireless access point.What is roaming?Roaming is the ability of a portable computer user to communicate continuously while moving freely throughout an area greater than that covered by a single access point. Before using the roaming function, the workstation must make sure that it is the same channel number with the access point of dedicated coverage area. To achieve true seamless connectivity, the wireless LAN must incorporate a number of different functions. Each node and access point, for example, must always acknowledge receipt of each message. Each node must maintain contact with the wireless network even when not actually transmitting data. Achieving these functions
35Appendix A: TroubleshootingFrequently Asked QuestionsWireless-N USB Network Adaptersimultaneously requires a dynamic RF networking technology that links access points and nodes. In such a system, the user’s end node undertakes a search for the best possible access to the system. First, it evaluates such factors as signal strength and quality, as well as the message load currently being carried by each access point and the distance of each access point to the wired backbone. Based on that information, the node next selects the right access point and registers its address. Communications between end node and host computer can then be transmitted up and down the backbone.As the user moves on, the end node’s RF transmitter regularly checks the system to determine whether it is in touch with the original access point or whether it should seek a new one. When a node no longer receives acknowledgment from its original access point, it undertakes a new search. Upon finding a new access point, it then re-registers, and the communication process continues.What is ISM band?The FCC and their counterparts outside of the U.S. have set aside bandwidth for unlicensed use in the ISM (Industrial, Scientific and Medical) band. Spectrum in the vicinity of 2.4 GHz, in particular, is being made available worldwide. This presents a truly revolutionary opportunity to place convenient high-speed wireless capabilities in the hands of users around the globe. What is Spread Spectrum?Spread Spectrum technology is a wideband radio frequency technique developed by the military for use in reliable, secure, mission-critical communications systems. It is designed to trade off bandwidth efficiency for reliability, integrity, and security. In other words, more bandwidth is consumed than in the case of narrowband transmission, but the trade-off produces a signal that is, in effect, louder and thus easier to detect, provided that the receiver knows the parameters of the spread-spectrum signal being broadcast. If a receiver is not tuned to the right frequency, a spread-spectrum signal looks like background noise. There are two main alternatives, Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) and Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS).What is DSSS? What is FHSS? And what are their differences?Frequency-Hopping Spread-Spectrum (FHSS) uses a narrowband carrier that changes frequency in a pattern that is known to both transmitter and receiver. Properly synchronized, the net effect is to maintain a single logical channel. To an unintended receiver, FHSS appears to be short-duration impulse noise. Direct-Sequence Spread-Spectrum (DSSS) generates a redundant bit pattern for each bit to be transmitted. This bit pattern is called a chip (or chipping code). The longer the chip, the greater the probability that the original data can be recovered. Even if one or more bits in the chip are damaged during transmission, statistical techniques embedded in the radio can recover the original data without the need for retransmission. To an unintended receiver, DSSS appears as low power wideband noise and is rejected (ignored) by most narrowband receivers. What is WEP?WEP is Wired Equivalent Privacy, a data privacy mechanism based on a shared key algorithm, as described in the 802.11 standard.
36Appendix A: TroubleshootingFrequently Asked QuestionsWireless-N USB Network AdapterWhat is WPA?WPA is Wi-Fi Protected Access, a wireless security protocol that can be used in conjunction with a RADIUS server. What is WPA2?WPA2 is Wi-Fi Protected Access2, a wireless security protocol that can be used in conjunction with a RADIUS server, but has stronger encryption than WPA. What is RADIUS?RADIUS is Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service, which uses an authentication server to control network access.
37Appendix B: Windows XP Wireless Zero ConfigurationWireless-N USB Network AdapterAppendix B: Windows XP Wireless Zero ConfigurationWindows XP Wireless Zero ConfigurationIf your computer is running Windows XP, then this choice will be available. If you want to use Windows XP Wireless Zero Configuration to control the Adapter, instead of using the Wireless Network Monitor, then right-click on the Wireless Network Monitor and select Use Windows XP Wireless Configuration. If you want to switch back to the Wireless Network Monitor, right-click the Wireless Network Monitor icon, and select Use Linksys Wireless Network Monitor.1. After installing the Adapter, the Windows XP Wireless Zero Configuration icon will appear in your computer’s system tray. Double-click the icon. Figure B-1: Wireless Network Monitor IconFigure B-2: Windows XP - Use Windows XP Wireless ConfigurationNOTE: For more information about Wireless Zero Configuration, refer to Windows Help.Figure B-3: Windows XP Wireless Zero Configuration Icon
38Appendix B: Windows XP Wireless Zero ConfigurationWireless-N USB Network Adapter2. The screen that appears will show any available wireless network. Select the network you want. Click the Connect button.If your network does not have wireless security enabled, go to step 3.If your network does have wireless security enabled, go to step 4.3. If your network does not have wireless security enabled, click the Connect Anyway button to connect the Adapter to your network.NOTE: Steps 2 and 3 are the instructions and screenshots for Windows XP with Service Pack 2 installed.Figure B-4: Available Wireless NetworkFigure B-5: No Wireless Security
39Appendix B: Windows XP Wireless Zero ConfigurationWireless-N USB Network Adapter4. If your network uses wireless security WEP, enter the WEP Key used into the Network Key and Confirm network key fields. If your network uses wireless security WPA Personal, enter the Passphrase used into the Network Key and Confirm network key fields. Click the Connect button.5. Your wireless network will appear as Connected when your connection is active.For more information about wireless networking on a Windows XP computer, click the Start button, select Help, and choose Support. Enter the keyword wireless in the field provided, and press the Enter key.The installation of the Windows XP Wireless Configuration is complete.NOTE: Windows XP Wireless Zero Configuration does not support the use of a passphrase. Enter the exact WEP key used by your access point.Figure B-6: Network Connection - Wireless SecurityFigure B-7: Wireless Network Connection
40Appendix C: Wireless SecuritySecurity PrecautionsWireless-N USB Network AdapterAppendix C: Wireless SecurityLinksys wants to make wireless networking as safe and easy for you as possible. The current generation of Linksys products provide several network security features, but they require specific action on your part for implementation. So, keep the following in mind whenever you are setting up or using your wireless network.Security PrecautionsThe following is a complete list of security precautions to take (at least steps 1 through 5 should be followed):1. Change the default Wireless Network Name (SSID). 2. Disable SSID Broadcast. 3. Change the default password for the Administrator account. 4. Enable MAC Address Filtering. 5. Change the SSID periodically. 6. Use the highest encryption algorithm possible. Use WPA or WPA2 if it is available. Please note that this may reduce your network performance. 7. Change the WEP encryption keys periodically. Security Threats Facing Wireless Networks Wireless networks are easy to find. Hackers know that in order to join a wireless network, wireless networking products first listen for “beacon messages”. These messages can be easily decrypted and contain much of the network’s information, such as the network’s SSID (Service Set Identifier). Here are the steps you can take:Change the administrator’s password regularly. With every wireless networking device you use, keep in mind that network settings (SSID, WEP keys, etc.) are stored in its firmware. Your network administrator is the only person who can change network settings. If a hacker gets a hold of the administrator’s password, he, too, can change those settings. So, make it harder for a hacker to get that information. Change the administrator’s password regularly.SSID. There are several things to keep in mind about the SSID: Note: Some of these security features are available only through the network router or access point. Refer to the router or access point’s documentation for more information.
41Appendix C: Wireless SecuritySecurity Threats Facing Wireless NetworksWireless-N USB Network Adapter1. Disable Broadcast 2. Make it unique 3. Change it often Most wireless networking devices will give you the option of broadcasting the SSID. While this option may be more convenient, it allows anyone to log into your wireless network. This includes hackers. So, don’t broadcast the SSID.Wireless networking products come with a default SSID set by the factory. (The Linksys default SSID is “linksys”.) Hackers know these defaults and can check these against your network. Change your SSID to something unique and not something related to your company or the networking products you use.Change your SSID regularly so that any hackers who have gained access to your wireless network will have to start from the beginning in trying to break in.MAC Addresses. Enable MAC Address filtering. MAC Address filtering will allow you to provide access to only those wireless nodes with certain MAC Addresses. This makes it harder for a hacker to access your network with a random MAC Address. WEP Encryption. Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) is often looked upon as a cure-all for wireless security concerns. This is overstating WEP’s ability. Again, this can only provide enough security to make a hacker’s job more difficult.There are several ways that WEP can be maximized:1. Use the highest level of encryption possible 2. Use “Shared Key” authentication3. Change your WEP key regularly WPA. Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) is the newest and best available standard in Wi-Fi security. Three modes are available: WPA Personal, WPA2 Personal, WPA Enterprise, WPA2 Enterprise, and Radius. WPA Personal gives you a choice of two encryption methods: TKIP (Temporal Key Integrity Protocol), which utilizes a stronger encryption method and incorporates Message Integrity Code (MIC) to provide protection against hackers, and AES (Advanced Encryption System), which utilizes a symmetric 128-Bit block data encryption. WPA Enterprise offers two encryption methods, TKIP and AES, with dynamic encryption keys. RADIUS (Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service) utilizes a RADIUS server for authentication. Important: Always remember that each device in your wireless network MUST use the same encryption method and encryption key or your wireless network will not function properly.
42Appendix C: Wireless SecuritySecurity Threats Facing Wireless NetworksWireless-N USB Network AdapterWPA Personal. If you do not have a RADIUS server, Select the type of algorithm, TKIP or AES, and enter a password in the Passphrase field of 8-63 characters.WPA2 Personal. If you do not have a RADIUS server, enter a password in the Passphrase field of 8-63 characters.WPA Enterprise. WPA used in coordination with a RADIUS server. (This should only be used when a RADIUS server is connected to the Router or other device.) WPA Enterprise offers two encryption methods, TKIP and AES, with dynamic encryption keys. WPA2 Enterprise. WPA2 used in coordination with a RADIUS server. (This should only be used when a RADIUS server is connected to the Router or other device.) WPA Enterprise offers two encryption methods, TKIP and AES, with dynamic encryption keys. RADIUS. WEP used in coordination with a RADIUS server. (This should only be used when a RADIUS server is connected to the Router or other device.) Implementing encryption may have a negative impact on your network’s performance, but if you are transmitting sensitive data over your network, encryption should be used. These security recommendations should help keep your mind at ease while you are enjoying the most flexible and convenient technology Linksys has to offer.
43Appendix D: Windows HelpWireless-N USB Network AdapterAppendix D: Windows HelpAll wireless products require Microsoft Windows. Windows is the most used operating system in the world and comes with many features that help make networking easier. These features can be accessed through Windows Help and are described in this appendix.TCP/IPBefore a computer can communicate with an access point or wireless router, TCP/IP must be enabled. TCP/IP is a set of instructions, or protocol, all PCs follow to communicate over a network. This is true for wireless networks as well. Your PCs will not be able to utilize wireless networking without having TCP/IP enabled. Windows Help provides complete instructions on enabling TCP/IP.Shared ResourcesIf you wish to share printers, folder, or files over your network, Windows Help provides complete instructions on utilizing shared resources.Network Neighborhood/My Network PlacesOther PCs on your network will appear under Network Neighborhood or My Network Places (depending upon the version of Windows you're running). Windows Help provides complete instructions on adding PCs to your network.
44Appendix E: GlossaryWireless-N USB Network AdapterAppendix E: GlossaryThis glossary contains some basic networking terms you may come across when using this product. For more advanced terms, see the complete Linksys glossary at http://www.linksys.com/glossary.Access Point - A device that allows wireless-equipped computers and other devices to communicate with a wired network. Also used to expand the range of a wireless network.Ad-hoc - A group of wireless devices communicating directly with each other (peer-to-peer) without the use of an access point.AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) - A security method that uses symmetric 128-bit block data encryption.Bandwidth - The transmission capacity of a given device or network.Bit - A binary digit.Boot - To start a device and cause it to start executing instructions.Broadband - An always-on, fast Internet connection.Browser - An application program that provides a way to look at and interact with all the information on the World Wide Web. Byte - A unit of data that is usually eight bits longCable Modem - A device that connects a computer to the cable television network, which in turn connects to the Internet.Daisy Chain - A method used to connect devices in a series, one after the other.DDNS (Dynamic Domain Name System) - Allows the hosting of a website, FTP server, or e-mail server with a fixed domain name (e.g., www.xyz.com) and a dynamic IP address.Default Gateway - A device that forwards Internet traffic from your local area network.DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) - A networking protocol that allows administrators to assign temporary IP addresses to network computers by "leasing" an IP address to a user for a limited amount of time, instead of assigning permanent IP addresses.
45Appendix E: GlossaryWireless-N USB Network AdapterDMZ (Demilitarized Zone) - Removes the Router's firewall protection from one PC, allowing it to be "seen" from the Internet.DNS (Domain Name Server) - The IP address of your ISP's server, which translates the names of websites into IP addresses.Domain - A specific name for a network of computers.Download - To receive a file transmitted over a network. DSL (Digital Subscriber Line) - An always-on broadband connection over traditional phone lines.Dynamic IP Address - A temporary IP address assigned by a DHCP server.EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol) - A general authentication protocol used to control network access. Many specific authentication methods work within this framework.Encryption - Encoding data transmitted in a network. Ethernet - IEEE standard network protocol that specifies how data is placed on and retrieved from a common transmission medium.Firewall - A set of related programs located at a network gateway server that protects the resources of a network from users from other networks.Firmware - The programming code that runs a networking device.FTP (File Transfer Protocol) - A protocol used to transfer files over a TCP/IP network.Full Duplex - The ability of a networking device to receive and transmit data simultaneously.Gateway - A device that interconnects networks with different, incompatible communications protocols. Half Duplex - Data transmission that can occur in two directions over a single line, but only one direction at a time.HTTP (HyperText Transport Protocol) - The communications protocol used to connect to servers on the World Wide Web.Infrastructure - A wireless network that is bridged to a wired network via an access point.IP (Internet Protocol) - A protocol used to send data over a network.
46Appendix E: GlossaryWireless-N USB Network AdapterIP Address - The address used to identify a computer or device on a network.IPCONFIG - A Windows 2000 and XP utility that displays the IP address for a particular networking device.IPSec (Internet Protocol Security) - A VPN protocol used to implement secure exchange of packets at the IP layer.ISP (Internet Service Provider) - A company that provides access to the Internet. LAN - The computers and networking products that make up your local network.MAC (Media Access Control) Address - The unique address that a manufacturer assigns to each networking device. Mbps (MegaBits Per Second) - One million bits per second; a unit of measurement for data transmission.NAT (Network Address Translation) - NAT technology translates IP addresses of a local area network to a different IP address for the Internet.Network - A series of computers or devices connected for the purpose of data sharing, storage, and/or transmission between users.Packet - A unit of data sent over a network.Passphrase - Used much like a password, a passphrase simplifies the WEP encryption process by automatically generating the WEP encryption keys for Linksys products.Ping (Packet INternet Groper) - An Internet utility used to determine whether a particular IP address is online.POP3 (Post Office Protocol 3) - A standard mail server commonly used on the Internet.Port - The connection point on a computer or networking device used for plugging in cables or adapters. Power over Ethernet (PoE) - A technology enabling an Ethernet network cable to deliver both data and power.PPPoE (Point to Point Protocol over Ethernet) - A type of broadband connection that provides authentication (username and password) in addition to data transport.PPTP (Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol) - A VPN protocol that allows the Point to Point Protocol (PPP) to be tunneled through an IP network. This protocol is also used as a type of broadband connection in Europe.RADIUS (Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service) - A protocol that uses an authentication server to control network access.
47Appendix E: GlossaryWireless-N USB Network AdapterRJ-45 (Registered Jack-45) - An Ethernet connector that holds up to eight wires.Roaming - The ability to take a wireless device from one access point's range to another without losing the connection.Router - A networking device that connects multiple networks together.Server - Any computer whose function in a network is to provide user access to files, printing, communications, and other services. SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) - The standard e-mail protocol on the Internet.SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) - A widely used network monitoring and control protocol.SPI (Stateful Packet Inspection) Firewall - A technology that inspects incoming packets of information before allowing them to enter the network.SSID (Service Set IDentifier) - Your wireless network's name.Static IP Address - A fixed address assigned to a computer or device that is connected to a network.Static Routing - Forwarding data in a network via a fixed path.Subnet Mask - An address code that determines the size of the network.Switch - 1. A data switch that connects computing devices to host computers, allowing a large number of devices to share a limited number of ports. 2. A device for making, breaking, or changing the connections in an electrical circuit. TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) - A network protocol for transmitting data that requires acknowledgement from the recipient of data sent.TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) - A set of instructions PCs use to communicate over a network.Telnet - A user command and TCP/IP protocol used for accessing remote PCs.TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol) - A version of the TCP/IP FTP protocol that has no directory or password capability.Throughput - The amount of data moved successfully from one node to another in a given time period.
48Appendix E: GlossaryWireless-N USB Network AdapterTKIP (Temporal Key Integrity Protocol) - a wireless encryption protocol that provides dynamic encryption keys for each packet transmitted.Topology - The physical layout of a network.TX Rate - Transmission Rate.Upgrade - To replace existing software or firmware with a newer version. Upload - To transmit a file over a network.URL (Uniform Resource Locator) - The address of a file located on the Internet. VPN (Virtual Private Network) - A security measure to protect data as it leaves one network and goes to another over the Internet.WAN (Wide Area Network)- The Internet.WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) - A method of encrypting network data transmitted on a wireless network for greater security.WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network) - A group of computers and associated devices that communicate with each other wirelessly.WPA (Wi-Fi Protected Access) - a wireless security protocol using TKIP (Temporal Key Integrity Protocol) encryption, which can be used in conjunction with a RADIUS server.
49Appendix F: SpecificationsWireless-N USB Network AdapterAppendix F: SpecificationsStandards IEEE 802.11b, IEEE 802.11g, draft IEEE 802.11n, USB 1.1, USB 2.0Port USBLEDs Power, Link/ActProtocols 802.11b: CCK, QPSK, BPSK 802.11g: OFDMWireless-N: BPSK, QPSK, 16-QAM, 64-QAM RF Pwr (EIRP) Receive Sensitivity 11Mbps @ -86dBm (Typical)54Mbps @ -68dBm (Typical)Wireless-N @ -62dBm (Typical)Power Consumption TX: <480mA (Maximum)RX: <390mA (Maximum)Security Features WEPSecurity Key Bits Up to 256-bit encryptionDimensions 2.24" x 0.39" x 3.98" (57 mm x 10 mm x 101 mm)Unit Weight 1.02 oz (0.029 kg)Certification FCCOperating Temp. 0ºC to 55ºC (32ºF to 131ºF)802.11b: 19+/-1 dBm ( Typical )802.11g: 19+/-1 dBm ( Typical )Wireless-N: 19+/-1 dBm ( Typical ) 
50Appendix F: SpecificationsWireless-N USB Network AdapterStorage Temp. -20ºC to 80ºC (-4ºF to 176ºF)Operating Humidity 10% to 85% Non-CondensingStorage Humidity 5% to 90% Non-Condensing
51Appendix G: Warranty InformationWireless-N USB Network AdapterAppendix G: Warranty InformationLIMITED WARRANTYLinksys warrants to You that, for a period of three years (the “Warranty Period”), your Linksys Product will be substantially free of defects in materials and workmanship under normal use. Your exclusive remedy and Linksys' entire liability under this warranty will be for Linksys at its option to repair or replace the Product or refund Your purchase price less any rebates. This limited warranty extends only to the original purchaser. If the Product proves defective during the Warranty Period call Linksys Technical Support in order to obtain a Return Authorization Number, if applicable. BE SURE TO HAVE YOUR PROOF OF PURCHASE ON HAND WHEN CALLING. If You are requested to return the Product, mark the Return Authorization Number clearly on the outside of the package and include a copy of your original proof of purchase. RETURN REQUESTS CANNOT BE PROCESSED WITHOUT PROOF OF PURCHASE. You are responsible for shipping defective Products to Linksys. Linksys pays for UPS Ground shipping from Linksys back to You only. Customers located outside of the United States of America and Canada are responsible for all shipping and handling charges. ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES AND CONDITIONS OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE LIMITED TO THE DURATION OF THE WARRANTY PERIOD. ALL OTHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED CONDITIONS, REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES, INCLUDING ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OF NON-INFRINGEMENT, ARE DISCLAIMED. Some jurisdictions do not allow limitations on how long an implied warranty lasts, so the above limitation may not apply to You. This warranty gives You specific legal rights, and You may also have other rights which vary by jurisdiction.This warranty does not apply if the Product (a) has been altered, except by Linksys, (b) has not been installed, operated, repaired, or maintained in accordance with instructions supplied by Linksys, or (c) has been subjected to abnormal physical or electrical stress, misuse, negligence, or accident. In addition, due to the continual development of new techniques for intruding upon and attacking networks, Linksys does not warrant that the Product will be free of vulnerability to intrusion or attack.TO THE EXTENT NOT PROHIBITED BY LAW, IN NO EVENT WILL LINKSYS BE LIABLE FOR ANY LOST DATA, REVENUE OR PROFIT, OR FOR SPECIAL, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, INCIDENTAL OR PUNITIVE DAMAGES, REGARDLESS OF THE THEORY OF LIABILITY (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE), ARISING OUT OF OR RELATED TO THE USE OF OR INABILITY TO USE THE PRODUCT (INCLUDING ANY SOFTWARE), EVEN IF LINKSYS HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. IN NO EVENT WILL LINKSYS’ LIABILITY EXCEED THE AMOUNT PAID BY YOU FOR THE PRODUCT. The foregoing limitations will apply even if any warranty or remedy provided under this Agreement fails of its essential purpose. Some jurisdictions do not allow the exclusion or limitation of incidental or consequential damages, so the above limitation or exclusion may not apply to You.Please direct all inquiries to: Linksys, P.O. Box 18558, Irvine, CA 92623.
52Appendix H: Regulatory InformationWireless-N USB Network AdapterAppendix H: Regulatory InformationFCC StatementThis product has been tested and complies with the specifications for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used according to the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which is found by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:• Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna• Increase the separation between the equipment or devices• Connect the equipment to an outlet other than the receiver's• Consult a dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for assistanceThis device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.FCC Radiation Exposure Statement This equipment complies with FCC radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled environment. End users must follow the specific operating instructions for satisfying RF exposure compliance.This transmitter must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter.FCC Caution: Any changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user's authority to operate this equipment.SAR compliance has been established in typical laptop computer(s) with USB slot, and product could be used in typical laptop computer with USB slot. Other application like handheld PC or similar device has not been verified and may not compliance with related RF exposure rule and such use shall be prohibited.The availability of some specific channels and/or operational frequency bands are country dependent and are firmware programmed at the factory to match the intended destination. The firmware setting is not accessible by the end user.To maintain compliance with FCC RF exposure compliance requirements, please follow operation instruction as documented in this manual.
53Appendix H: Regulatory InformationWireless-N Notebook AdapterSafety NoticesCaution: To reduce the risk of fire, use only No.26 AWG or larger telecommunication line cord.Do not use this product near water, for example, in a wet basement or near a swimming pool.Avoid using this product during an electrical storm. There may be a remote risk of electric shock from lightning.IC STATEMENTOperation is subject to the following two conditions:• This device may not cause interference.• This device must accept any interference, including interference that may cause undesired operation of the device.IMPORTANT NOTE:IC Radiation Exposure Statement:This equipment complies with Canada radiation exposure limits set forth for uncontrolled environments. Declaration d'Industrie CanadaLe fonctionnement est soumis aux conditions suivantes: • Ce peripherique ne doit pas causer d'interferences• Ce peripherique doit accepter doit accepter toutes les interferences recues, y compris celles qui risquent d'entrainer un fonctionnement indesirable.End users must follow the specific operating instructions for satisfying RF exposure compliance. To maintain compliance with IC RF exposure compliance requirements, please follow operation instruction as documented in this manual.
54Appendix H: Regulatory InformationWireless-N USB Network AdapterUser Information for Consumer Products Covered by EU Directive 2002/96/EC on Waste Electric and Electronic Equipment (WEEE)This document contains important information for users with regards to the proper disposal and recycling of Linksys products. Consumers are required to comply with this notice for all electronic products bearing the following symbol:
55Appendix H: Regulatory InformationWireless-N USB Network Adapter
56Appendix H: Regulatory InformationWireless-N USB Network Adapter
57Appendix H: Regulatory InformationWireless-N USB Network Adapter
58Appendix H: Regulatory InformationWireless-N Notebook AdapterFor more information, visit www.linksys.com.
59Appendix I: Contact InformationWireless-N USB Network AdapterAppendix I: Contact InformationNeed to contact Linksys?Visit us online for information on the latest products and updates to your existing products at: http://www.linksys.com or ftp.linksys.comCan't find information about a product you want to buyon the web? Do you want to know more about networkingwith Linksys products? Give our advice line a call at: 800-546-5797 (LINKSYS)Or fax your request in to: 949-823-3002If you experience problems with any Linksys product,you can call us at: 800-859-2379Don't wish to call? You can e-mail us at: support@linksys.comIf any Linksys product proves defective during its warranty period,you can call the Linksys Return Merchandise Authorizationdepartment for obtaining a Return Authorization Number at: 949-823-3000(Details on Warranty and RMA issues can be found in the WarrantyInformation section in this Guide.)

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