Laird Connectivity AC4424-100 RF Transceiver Module User Manual AC4424

AeroComm Corporation RF Transceiver Module AC4424

Users Manual

AC4424AC4424AC4424AC4424 2.4 GHz OEM TRANSCEIVERS2.4 GHz OEM TRANSCEIVERS2.4 GHz OEM TRANSCEIVERS2.4 GHz OEM TRANSCEIVERS Specifications Subject to ChangeSpecifications Subject to ChangeSpecifications Subject to ChangeSpecifications Subject to Change User’s ManualUser’s ManualUser’s ManualUser’s Manual Version 1.5Version 1.5Version 1.5Version 1.5 10981 EICHER DRIVE10981 EICHER DRIVE10981 EICHER DRIVE10981 EICHER DRIVE LENEXA, KS 66219LENEXA, KS 66219LENEXA, KS 66219LENEXA, KS 66219 (800) 492(800) 492(800) 492(800) 492----2320232023202320 www.aerocomm.comwww.aerocomm.comwww.aerocomm.comwww.aerocomm.com wireless@awireless@awireless@awireless@aerocomm.comerocomm.comerocomm.comerocomm.com
12/09/0212/09/0212/09/0212/09/02 2222 DOCUMENT INFORMATIONDOCUMENT INFORMATIONDOCUMENT INFORMATIONDOCUMENT INFORMATION CopyrightCopyrightCopyrightCopyright InformationInformationInformationInformation Copyright © 2002 AEROCOMM, Inc. All rights reserved.The information contained in this manual and the accompanying software programs are copyrighted and all rights are reserved by AEROCOMM, Inc. AEROCOMM, Inc. reserves the right to make periodic modifications of this product without obligation to notify any person or entity of such revision. Copying, duplicating, selling, or otherwise distributing any part of this product without the prior consent of an authorized representative of AEROCOMM, Inc. is prohibited. All brands and product names in this publication are registered trademarks or trademarks of their respective holders. This material is preliminaryThis material is preliminaryThis material is preliminaryThis material is preliminary Information furnished by AEROCOMM in this specification is believed to be accurate. Devices sold by AEROCOMM are covered by the warranty and patent indemnification provisions appearing in its Terms of Sale only. AEROCOMM makes no warranty, express, statutory, and implied or by description, regarding the information set forth herein. AEROCOMM reserves the right to change specifications at any time and without notice. AEROCOMM’s products are intended for use in normal commercial and industrial applications. Applications requiring unusual environmental requirements such as military, medical life-support or life-sustaining equipment are specifically not recommended without additional testing for such application.
12/09/0212/09/0212/09/0212/09/02 3333 DOCUMENT INFORMATIONDOCUMENT INFORMATIONDOCUMENT INFORMATIONDOCUMENT INFORMATION RevisionRevisionRevisionRevision DescriptionDescriptionDescriptionDescription Version 1.0 11/7/2001 – Initial Release Version Version 1.1 Version 1.2 Version 1.3 10/14/2002 – Not Released 10/18/2002 – Full release of AC4424 specification 11/19/2002 – Made Full-Duplex incompatible with Stream Mode Version 1.4 Version 1.5 12/09/2002 – Changed Sub Hop Adjust setting recommendations 1/30/2003 – Removed all references to Commercial and Industrial temperature. All products are now Industrial temperature. Changed Section 4.2.1 EEPROM Byte Read4.2.1 EEPROM Byte Read4.2.1 EEPROM Byte Read4.2.1 EEPROM Byte Read to allow multiple byte reads.
12/09/0212/09/0212/09/0212/09/02 4444 FCC INFORMATIONFCC INFORMATIONFCC INFORMATIONFCC INFORMATION Agency AppAgency AppAgency AppAgency Approval Overviewroval Overviewroval Overviewroval Overview Part NumberPart NumberPart NumberPart Number US/FCCUS/FCCUS/FCCUS/FCC CAN/ICCAN/ICCAN/ICCAN/IC EUR/ENEUR/ENEUR/ENEUR/EN PortablePortablePortablePortable MobileMobileMobileMobile FixedFixedFixedFixed AC4424-10 X X X X X X AC4424-100 X X X X-32cm* X-32cm* AC4424-200 X X X-32cm* X-32cm* * See RF Exposure warning on next page Note: The product approvals above are with antennas specified below. Agency Identification NumbersAgency Identification NumbersAgency Identification NumbersAgency Identification Numbers Part NumberPart NumberPart NumberPart Number US/FCCUS/FCCUS/FCCUS/FCC CAN/ICCAN/ICCAN/ICCAN/IC EUR/ENEUR/ENEUR/ENEUR/EN AC4424-10 KQL-PKLR2400 CAN2268391158A X AC4424-100 X X X AC4424-200 KQL-PKLR2400-200 CAN2268391180A WARNING: WARNING: WARNING: WARNING: This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation. WARNING: WARNING: WARNING: WARNING: This device has been tested with an MMCX connector with the antennas listed below. When integrated in the OEMs product, these fixed antennas require installation preventing end-users from replacing them with non-approved antennas. Any antenna not in the following table must be tested to comply with FCC Section 15.203 for unique antenna connectors and Section 15.247 for emissions. WARNING: WARNING: WARNING: WARNING: The Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) must ensure that FCC labeling requirements are met. This includes a clearly visible label on the outside of the OEM enclosure specifying the appropriate AeroComm FCC identifier for this product as well as the FCC Notice above. The FCC identifiers are listed above in the Agency Identifier Numbers section. FCC NoticeFCC NoticeFCC NoticeFCC Notice Labeling RequirementsLabeling RequirementsLabeling RequirementsLabeling Requirements Antenna WarningAntenna WarningAntenna WarningAntenna Warning Caution: Any changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible forcompliance could void the user's authority to operate the equipment.
12/09/0212/09/0212/09/0212/09/02 5555 FCC INFORMATIONFCC INFORMATIONFCC INFORMATIONFCC INFORMATION Approved Antenna ListApproved Antenna ListApproved Antenna ListApproved Antenna List ItemItemItemItem Part NumberPart NumberPart NumberPart Number Mfg.Mfg.Mfg.Mfg. TypeTypeTypeType Gain Gain Gain Gain (dBi)(dBi)(dBi)(dBi) AC4424XAC4424XAC4424XAC4424X----10101010 AC4424XAC4424XAC4424XAC4424X----100100100100 AC4424XAC4424XAC4424XAC4424X----200200200200 1 S131CL-5-RMM-2450S Nearson 1/4 Wave Dipole 2 MF MF 2 S191FL-5-RMM-2450S Nearson 5/8 Wave Dipole 3 PMF MF MF P=Portable, M=Mobile, F=Fixed/BasestationP=Portable, M=Mobile, F=Fixed/BasestationP=Portable, M=Mobile, F=Fixed/BasestationP=Portable, M=Mobile, F=Fixed/Basestation
12/09/0212/09/0212/09/0212/09/02 6666 FCC INFORMATIONFCC INFORMATIONFCC INFORMATIONFCC INFORMATION RF Exposure AC4424RF Exposure AC4424RF Exposure AC4424RF Exposure AC4424----10101010 RF Exposure AC4424RF Exposure AC4424RF Exposure AC4424RF Exposure AC4424----100100100100 RF Exposure AC4424RF Exposure AC4424RF Exposure AC4424RF Exposure AC4424----200200200200 WARNING: WARNING: WARNING: WARNING: To comply with FCC RF Exposure requirements, the Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) must ensure that Antennas 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 in the previous table must be installed and/or configured to operate with a separation distance of 20cm or more from all persons to satisfy RF Exposure compliance. The preceding statement must be included as a CAUTION statement in manuals for products operating with Antennas 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 in the previous table to alert users on FCC RF Exposure compliance. WARNING: WARNING: WARNING: WARNING: To satisfy FCC RF exposure requirements for mobile and base station transmitting devices, a separation distance of 32cm or more should be maintained between the antenna of this device and persons during operation. To ensure compliance, operations at closer than this distance is not recommended. The preceding statement must be included as a CAUTION statement in manuals for OEM products to alert users on FCC RF Exposure compliance. WARNING: WARNING: WARNING: WARNING: To satisfy FCC RF exposure requirements for mobile and base station transmitting devices, a separation distance of 20cm or more should be maintained between the antenna of this device and persons during operation. To ensure compliance, operations at closer than this distance is not recommended. The preceding statement must be included as a CAUTION statement in manuals for OEM products to alert users on FCC RF Exposure compliance.
12/09/0212/09/0212/09/0212/09/02 7777 TABLE OF CONTENTSTABLE OF CONTENTSTABLE OF CONTENTSTABLE OF CONTENTS 1.1.1.1. OVERVIEWOVERVIEWOVERVIEWOVERVIEW................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................9999 2.2.2.2. AC4424 SPECIFICATIONAC4424 SPECIFICATIONAC4424 SPECIFICATIONAC4424 SPECIFICATIONSSSS........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................10101010 3.3.3.3. SPECIFICATIONSSPECIFICATIONSSPECIFICATIONSSPECIFICATIONS ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................11111111 3.1 INTERFACE SIGNAL DEFINITIONS.............................................................................................. 11 3.2 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS .................................................................................................. 12 3.3 SYSTEM TIMING...................................................................................................................... 12 3.3.1 Serial Interface Data Rate ............................................................................................ 12 3.3.2 Latency Times.............................................................................................................. 12 3.3.3 Maximum Overall System Throughput........................................................................ 12 4.4.4.4. CONFIGURING THE AC44CONFIGURING THE AC44CONFIGURING THE AC44CONFIGURING THE AC4424242424 ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................14141414 4.1 EEPROM PARAMETERS......................................................................................................... 14 4.2 EEPROM CONFIGURATION COMMANDS.................................................................................. 15 4.2.1 EEPROM Byte Read .................................................................................................... 16 4.2.2 EEPROM Byte Write..................................................................................................... 16 4.2.3 EEPROM Exit Configuration Command ...................................................................... 16 4.3 ON-THE-FLY CONTROL COMMAND REFERENCE......................................................................... 17 4.3.1 Status Request............................................................................................................. 17 4.3.2 Change Channel with Forced Acquisition Sync.......................................................... 17 4.3.3 Server/Client Command .............................................................................................. 18 4.3.4 Power-Down Command .............................................................................................. 18 4.3.5 Power-Down Wake-Up Command............................................................................... 19 4.3.6 Broadcast Mode .......................................................................................................... 19 4.3.7 Read Static Bank #1 Byte ........................................................................................... 19 4.3.8 Write Static Bank #1 Bytes.......................................................................................... 20 4.3.9 Read Static Bank #2 Bytes.......................................................................................... 20 4.3.10 Write Static Bank #2 Bytes.......................................................................................... 21 4.3.11 Write Destination Address ........................................................................................... 21 4.3.12 Read Destination Address........................................................................................... 21 4.3.13 Temperature Update.................................................................................................... 22 5.5.5.5. THEORY OF OPERATIONTHEORY OF OPERATIONTHEORY OF OPERATIONTHEORY OF OPERATION ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................23232323 5.1 HARDWARE INTERFACE ........................................................................................................... 23 5.1.1 TXD (Transmit Data) and RXD (Receive Data) (pins 2 and 3 respectively)................. 23 5.1.2 Hop Frame (pin 6)........................................................................................................ 23 5.1.3 CTS Handshaking (pin 7) ............................................................................................ 23 5.1.4 RTS Handshaking (pin 8)............................................................................................. 23 5.1.5 9600 Baud/Packet Frame (pin 12)............................................................................... 24 5.1.6 RSSI (pin 13)................................................................................................................ 24 5.1.7 Wr_Ena (EEPROM Write Enable) (pin 14) ................................................................... 25 5.1.8 UP_Reset (pin 15)........................................................................................................ 25 5.1.9 Command/Data (pin 17) .............................................................................................. 25 5.1.10 In Range (pin 20) ......................................................................................................... 25 5.2 SOFTWARE PARAMETERS ........................................................................................................ 25 5.2.1 RF Architecture (Server-Client/Peer-to-Peer)............................................................... 25 5.2.2 RF Mode ...................................................................................................................... 26 5.2.3 Sub Hop Adjust............................................................................................................ 27 5.2.4 Duplex Mode................................................................................................................ 27
12/09/0212/09/0212/09/0212/09/02 8888 5.2.5 Interface Timeout/RF Packet Size................................................................................ 27 5.2.6 Serial Interface Baud Rate........................................................................................... 28 5.2.7 Network Topology ....................................................................................................... 28 5.2.8 Auto Config.................................................................................................................. 29 6.6.6.6. APPLICAAPPLICAAPPLICAAPPLICATION EXAMPLESTION EXAMPLESTION EXAMPLESTION EXAMPLES ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................30303030 7.7.7.7. DIMENSIONSDIMENSIONSDIMENSIONSDIMENSIONS........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................31313131 8.8.8.8. ORDERING INFORMATIONORDERING INFORMATIONORDERING INFORMATIONORDERING INFORMATION....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................32323232 8.1 PRODUCT PART NUMBERS ...................................................................................................... 32 8.2 DEVELOPER KIT PART NUMBERS.............................................................................................. 32 FiguresFiguresFiguresFigures Figure 1 – RSSI Voltage vs. Received Signal Strength..................................................................24 Figure 2 – AC4424 with MMCX...................................................................................................... 31 TablesTablesTablesTables Table 1 – Pin Definitions.................................................................................................................11 Table 2 – DC Input Voltage Characteristics................................................................................... 12 Table 3 – DC Output Voltage Characteristics ................................................................................ 12 Table 4 – Maximum Overall System Throughputs......................................................................... 13 Table 5 – EEPROM Parameters..................................................................................................... 14 Table 6 – Static Memory Address Map..........................................................................................17 Table 7 – Sub Hop Adjust Settings................................................................................................27 Table 8 – Baud Rate....................................................................................................................... 28 Table 9 – US and International RF Channel Number Settings ......................................................29 Table 10 – Auto Config Parameters...............................................................................................29
AC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 Specifications 12/09/0212/09/0212/09/0212/09/02 9999 AC4424 FeaturesAC4424 FeaturesAC4424 FeaturesAC4424 Features  Simple 5V TTL level serial interface for fast integration  Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum for security and interference rejection  Cost Efficient for high volume applications  Low power consumption for battery powered implementations  Small size for portable and enclosed applications  Very Low latency and high throughput  Industrial temperature (-40°C to 80°C) 1.1.1.1. OverviewOverviewOverviewOverview The AC4424 is a member of AeroComm’s ConnexRF OEM transceiver family. It is designed for integration into OEM systems operating under FCC part 15.247 regulations for the 2.4 GHz ISM band. The AC4424 is a cost-effective, High performance, 2.4 GHz frequency hopping spread spectrum transceiver. It provides an asynchronous TTL level serial interface for OEM Host communications. Communications include both system and configuration data. The Host supplies system data for transmission to other Host(s). Configuration data is stored in an on-board EEPROM. All frequency hopping, synchronization, and RF system data transmission/reception is performed by the transceiver. The AC4424 transceivers can be used as a direct serial cable replacement – requiring no special Host software for operation. They also feature a number of On-the-Fly Control Commands providing the OEM Host with a very versatile interface for any situation. AC4424 transceivers operate in a Point-to-Point or Point-to-Multipoint, Client-Server or Peer-to-Peer architecture. One transceiver is configured as a Server and there can be one or many Clients. To establish synchronization between transceivers, the Server emits a beacon. Upon detecting a beacon, a Client transceiver informs its Host and a RF link is established. There are two data rates the OEM should be aware of: • Serial Interface Data Rate – All transceivers can be configured to common PC serial port baud rates from 110 bps to 288,000 bps. • Effective Data Transmission Rate – The AC4424 is a highly efficient, low-latency transceiver. This document contains information about the hardware and software interface between an AeroComm AC4424 transceiver and an OEM Host. Information includes the theory of operation, specifications, interface definition, configuration information and mechanical drawing. The OEM is responsible for ensuring the final product meets all FCC and/or appropriate regulatory agency requirements listed herein before selling any product.
AC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 Specifications 12/09/0212/09/0212/09/0212/09/02 10101010 2.2.2.2. AC4424 SpecificationAC4424 SpecificationAC4424 SpecificationAC4424 Specificationssss GENERALGENERALGENERALGENERAL Interface 20 pin mini-connector Serial Interface Data Rate PC baud rates from 110 bps to 288,000 bps Power Consumption (typical) Duty Cycle (TX=Transmit; RX=Receive)Duty Cycle (TX=Transmit; RX=Receive)Duty Cycle (TX=Transmit; RX=Receive)Duty Cycle (TX=Transmit; RX=Receive) 10%TX10%TX10%TX10%TX 50%TX50%TX50%TX50%TX 100%TX100%TX100%TX100%TX 100%RX100%RX100%RX100%RX PwrPwrPwrPwr----DownDownDownDown AC4424-10: 90mA 115mA 140mA 85mA 15mA AC4424-100: 100mA 160mA 235mA 85mA 15mA AC4424-200: 115mA 235mA 385mA 85mA 15mA Channels (used to create independent networks) 4 channel sets consisting of 16 channels each Security One byte System ID RADIORADIORADIORADIO Frequency Band US/Canada: 2.402 – 2.478 GHz France: 2.448 – 2.457 GHz Radio Type Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum Output Power (conducted, no antenna) AC4424-10, 10mW typical AC4424-100, 50mW typical AC4424-200, 200mW typical Effective Isotropic Radiated Power (EIRP with 3dBi gain antenna) AC4424-10, 20mW typical AC4424-100, 100mW typical AC4424-200, 400mW typical Voltage 5V nominal ±2%, ±50mV ripple Sensitivity -90dBm typical Range (based on 3dBi gain antenna) AC4424-10, Indoors to 300 ft., Outdoors to 3000 ft. AC4424-100, Indoors to 400 ft., Outdoors to 6000 ft. AC4424-200, Indoors to 500 ft., Outdoors to 10000 ft. ENVIRONMENTALENVIRONMENTALENVIRONMENTALENVIRONMENTAL Temperature (Operating) Industrial: AC4424: -40°C to 80°C Temperature (Storage) -50°C to +85°C Humidity (non-condensing) 10% to 90% PHYSICALPHYSICALPHYSICALPHYSICAL Dimensions 1.65” x 2.65” x 0.20” Antenna AC4424-10, MMCX Jack AC4424-100, MMCX Jack AC4424-200, MMCX Jack Weight Less than 0.75 ounce
AC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 Specifications 12/09/0212/09/0212/09/0212/09/02 11111111 3.3.3.3. SpecificationsSpecificationsSpecificationsSpecifications 3.13.13.13.1 IIIINTERFACE NTERFACE NTERFACE NTERFACE SSSSIGNAL IGNAL IGNAL IGNAL DDDDEFINITIONSEFINITIONSEFINITIONSEFINITIONS The AC4424 has a simple interface that allows OEM Host communications with the transceiver. Table 1 Table 1 Table 1 Table 1 –––– Pin Definitions Pin Definitions Pin Definitions Pin Definitions, shows the connector pin numbers and associated functions. The I/O direction is with regard to the transceiver. All I/O is 5VDC TTL level signals except for RSSI. All inputs are weakly pulled High and may be left floating during normal operation. Table Table Table Table 1111 –––– Pin DefinitionsPin DefinitionsPin DefinitionsPin Definitions PinPinPinPin TypeTypeTypeType Signal NameSignal NameSignal NameSignal Name FunctionFunctionFunctionFunction 1 NC No Connect 2 O TXD Transmitted data out of the transceiver 3 I RXD Data input to the transceiver 4 NC No Connect 5 GND GND Signal Ground 6 O Hop Frame HOP FRAME – Active Low when the transceiver is hopping. 7 O CTS Clear to Send – Active Low when the transceiver is ready to accept data for transmission. 8 I RTS Request to Send – When enabled in EEPROM, active Low when the OEM Host is ready to accept data from the transceiver. NOTE: Keeping RTS High for too long can cause data loss. 9 NC No Connect 10 PWR VCC 5V ± 2%, ± 50mV ripple 11 PWR VCC 5V ± 2%, ±50 mV ripple 12 I/O 9600_BAUD/ Packet Frame 9600_BAUD – When pulled logic Low before applying power or resetting the transceiver’s serial interface is forced to a 9600, 8, N, 1 rate. To exit, transceiver must be reset or power-cycled with 9600_Baud logic High. Packet Frame – When programmed in EEPROM, Packet Frame will transition logic Low at the start of a received RF packet and transition logic High at the completion of the packet. 13 O RSSI Received Signal Strength - An analog output giving a relative indication of received signal strength while in Receive Mode 14 I WR_ENA EEPROM Write Enable – When pulled logic Low, it allows the Host to write the on-board EEPROM. Resetting the transceiver with this pin pulled Low may corrupt EEPROM data. 15 I UP_RESET RESET – Controlled by the AC4424 for power-on reset if left unconnected. After a Stable power-on (50ms) a 50us logic High pulse will reset the AC4424. Do not power-up the transceiver with this pin tied Low. 16 GND GND Signal Ground 17 I Command/Data When logic Low, transceiver interprets Host data as command data. When logic High, transceiver interprets Host data as transmit data. 18 NC No Connect 19 NC No Connect 20 O IN_RANGE In Range – Active Low when a Client radio is in range of a Server on same Channel with the same System ID. I = Input to the transceiver O = Output from the transceiver
AC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 Specifications 12/09/0212/09/0212/09/0212/09/02 12121212 3.23.23.23.2 EEEELECTRICAL LECTRICAL LECTRICAL LECTRICAL SSSSPECIFICATIONSPECIFICATIONSPECIFICATIONSPECIFICATIONS Table Table Table Table 2222 –––– DC Input Voltage Characteristics DC Input Voltage Characteristics DC Input Voltage Characteristics DC Input Voltage Characteristics PinPinPinPin TypeTypeTypeType NameNameNameName High Min.High Min.High Min.High Min. High Max.High Max.High Max.High Max. Low Min.Low Min.Low Min.Low Min. Low Max.Low Max.Low Max.Low Max. UnitUnitUnitUnit 3 I RXD 0.2Vcc+0.9 Vcc+0.5 -0.5 0.2Vcc-0.1 V 8 I RTS 0.2Vcc+0.9 Vcc+0.5 -0.5 0.2Vcc-0.1 V 12 I 9600_Baud 0.2Vcc+0.9 Vcc+0.5 -0.5 0.2Vcc-0.1 V 14 I WR_ENA 0.7Vcc Vcc+1 -0.3 0.5 V 15 I UP_RESET 0.7Vcc Vcc+0.5 -0.5 0.2Vcc-0.1 V 17 I Command/Data 0.2Vcc+0.9 Vcc+0.5 -0.5 0.2Vcc-0.1 V Table Table Table Table 3333 –––– DC Output Vo DC Output Vo DC Output Vo DC Output Voltage Characteristicsltage Characteristicsltage Characteristicsltage Characteristics PinPinPinPin TypeTypeTypeType NameNameNameName High Min.High Min.High Min.High Min. Low Max.Low Max.Low Max.Low Max. UnitUnitUnitUnit 2 O TXD Vcc-0.7 @ -30µA 0.4 @ 1.6mA V 6 O Hop Frame Vcc-0.7 @ -30µA 0.4 @ 1.6mA V 7 O CTS Vcc-0.7 @ -30µA 0.4 @ 1.6mA V 12 O Packet Frame Vcc-0.7 @ -30µA 0.4 @ 1.6mA V 13 O RSSI See Figure 1 See Figure 1 V 20 O IN_RANGE Vcc-0.7 @ -30µA 0.4 @ 1.6mA V 3.33.33.33.3 SSSSYSTEM YSTEM YSTEM YSTEM TTTTIMINGIMINGIMINGIMING Care should be taken when selecting transceiver architecture as it can have serious effects on data rates, latency timings, and Overall System Throughput. The importance of these three characteristics will vary from system to system and should be a strong consideration when designing the system. 3.3.13.3.13.3.13.3.1 Serial Interface Data RateSerial Interface Data RateSerial Interface Data RateSerial Interface Data Rate The Serial Interface Data Rate is programmable by the Host. This is the rate the Host and transceiver communicate over the serial bus. Possible values range from 110 bps to 288,000 bps. The only supported mode is asynchronous – 8-bit, No Parity, 1 Start Bit, and 1 Stop Bit.... 3.3.23.3.23.3.23.3.2 Latency TimesLatency TimesLatency TimesLatency Times TBD 3.3.33.3.33.3.33.3.3 Maximum Overall System Throughput Maximum Overall System Throughput Maximum Overall System Throughput Maximum Overall System Throughput When configured as shown in the table below, an AC4424 transceiver is capable capable capable capable of achieving the listed throughput. However, in the presence of interference or at longer ranges, the transceiver may not be able to meet these specified throughputs. Note: Higher overall system throughputs are poNote: Higher overall system throughputs are poNote: Higher overall system throughputs are poNote: Higher overall system throughputs are possible. ssible. ssible. ssible. Contact technical support for details.Contact technical support for details.Contact technical support for details.Contact technical support for details.
AC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 Specifications 12/09/0212/09/0212/09/0212/09/02 13131313 Table Table Table Table 4444 –––– Maximum Overall System Throughputs Maximum Overall System Throughputs Maximum Overall System Throughputs Maximum Overall System Throughputs RF Mode Interface Baud Rate Duplex FEC Direction Throughput (bps) Stream 192k Half Disabled One way 192k Stream 192k Half Enabled One way 64k Acknowledge 115,200 Half Disabled One way 80k Acknowledge 115,200 Full Disabled Both ways 40k
AC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 Specifications 12/09/0212/09/0212/09/0212/09/02 14141414 4.4.4.4. Configuring the AC4424Configuring the AC4424Configuring the AC4424Configuring the AC4424 4.14.14.14.1 EEPROM PEEPROM PEEPROM PEEPROM PARAMETERSARAMETERSARAMETERSARAMETERS A Host can program various parameters that are stored in EEPROM and become active after a power-on reset. TTTTable 5 able 5 able 5 able 5 ---- EEPROM Parameters EEPROM Parameters EEPROM Parameters EEPROM Parameters, gives the locations and descriptions of the parameters that can be read or written by a Host. Factory default values are also shown. Do not write to any EEPROM Do not write to any EEPROM Do not write to any EEPROM Do not write to any EEPROM addresses other than those listed below. Do not copy a transceiveaddresses other than those listed below. Do not copy a transceiveaddresses other than those listed below. Do not copy a transceiveaddresses other than those listed below. Do not copy a transceiver’s EEPROM data to another r’s EEPROM data to another r’s EEPROM data to another r’s EEPROM data to another transceiver. Doing so may cause the transceiver to malfunction.transceiver. Doing so may cause the transceiver to malfunction.transceiver. Doing so may cause the transceiver to malfunction.transceiver. Doing so may cause the transceiver to malfunction. Table Table Table Table 5555 –––– EEPROM Parameters EEPROM Parameters EEPROM Parameters EEPROM Parameters ParameterParameterParameterParameter EEPROM EEPROM EEPROM EEPROM AddressAddressAddressAddress Length Length Length Length (Bytes)(Bytes)(Bytes)(Bytes) RangeRangeRangeRange DefaultDefaultDefaultDefault DescriptionDescriptionDescriptionDescription Product ID 00H 40 40 bytes - Product identifier string. Includes revision information for software and hardware. Sub Hop Adjust 36H 1 80h, D0h D0h D0h = Acknowledge 80h = Stream Channel Number 40H 1 00 – 3Fh 00h Set 0 = 00 – 0Fh (US/Canada) Set 1 = 10 – 1Fh (US/Canada) Set 2 = 20 – 2Fh (US/Canada) Set 3 = 30 – 3Fh (France) Server/Client Mode 41H 1 01 – 02h 02h 01h = Server 02h = Client Baud Rate Low 42H 1 00 – FFh 05h Low Byte of the interface baud rate. Baud Rate High 43H 1 00 – FFh 00h High Byte of the interface baud rate. Control 0 45H 1 00010100b (14h) Settings are: Bit 7 – AeroComm Use OnlyAeroComm Use OnlyAeroComm Use OnlyAeroComm Use Only Bit 6 – AeroComm Use OnlyAeroComm Use OnlyAeroComm Use OnlyAeroComm Use Only Bit 5 – Sync to Channel 0 = Don't Sync to Channel 1 = Sync to Channel Bit 4 – AeroComm Use OnlyAeroComm Use OnlyAeroComm Use OnlyAeroComm Use Only Bit 3 – Packet Frame 0 = Disable Packet Frame 1 = Use pin 12 as Packet Frame Bit 2 – RF Mode 0 = RF Stream Mode 1 = RF Acknowledge Mode Bit 1 – RF Delivery 0 = Addressed 1 = Broadcast Bit 0 – FEC 0 = No Forward Error Correction 1 = Use Forward Error Correction
AC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 Specifications 12/09/0212/09/0212/09/0212/09/02 15151515 ParameterParameterParameterParameter EEPROM EEPROM EEPROM EEPROM AddressAddressAddressAddress Length Length Length Length (Bytes)(Bytes)(Bytes)(Bytes) RangeRangeRangeRange DefaultDefaultDefaultDefault DescriptionDescriptionDescriptionDescription Frequency Offset 46H 1 00h, 2Eh 00h Channel Set 0 = N/A Channel Set 1 = 00h Channel Set 2 = 00h Channel Set 3 = 2Eh Transmit Retries 4CH 1 01 - FFh 10h Broadcast Attempts 4DH 1 01 – FFh 04h API Control 56H 1 01000011b = 43h Settings are: Bit 7 – AeAeAeAeroComm Use OnlyroComm Use OnlyroComm Use OnlyroComm Use Only Bit 6 – RF Architecture 0 = Server-Client 1 = Peer-to-Peer Bit 5 – AeroComm Use OnlyAeroComm Use OnlyAeroComm Use OnlyAeroComm Use Only Bit 4 – AeroComm Use OnlyAeroComm Use OnlyAeroComm Use OnlyAeroComm Use Only Bit 3 – AeroComm Use OnlyAeroComm Use OnlyAeroComm Use OnlyAeroComm Use Only Bit 2 – RTS Enable 0 = RTS Ignored 1 = Transceiver obeys RTS Bit 1 – Duplex Mode 0 = Half Duplex 1 = Full Duplex Bit 0 – Auto Config 0 = Use EEPROM values 1 = Auto Configure Values Interface Timeout 58H 1 01 – FFh F0h Sync Channel 5AH 1 00 – 3Fh 01h RF Packet Size 5BH 1 01 – 40h 40h CTS On 5CH 1 01 – FFh C0h CTS On Hysteresis 5DH 1 01 – FFh 80h Destination ID 70H 6 6 Bytes System ID 76H 1 00 – FFh 01h MAC ID 80H 6 6 Bytes Unique IEEE MAC Address 4.24.24.24.2 EEPROM CEEPROM CEEPROM CEEPROM CONFIGURATION ONFIGURATION ONFIGURATION ONFIGURATION CCCCOMMANDSOMMANDSOMMANDSOMMANDS The configuration set allows the Host to modify the operation of the transceiver. If the Command/Data pin (Pin 17) is pulled logic Low, a transceiver will interpret incoming Host data as Command Data. The Host can then read and write parameters using the various configuration commands listed below. To exit Configuration Mode, the Host must perform a hardware or power-on reset or issue an Exit Command Mode command to the transceiver.
AC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 Specifications 12/09/0212/09/0212/09/0212/09/02 16161616 4.2.14.2.14.2.14.2.1 EEPROM Byte ReadEEPROM Byte ReadEEPROM Byte ReadEEPROM Byte Read Upon receiving this command, a transceiver will transmit the desired data from the address requested by the Host. Host Command:Host Command:Host Command:Host Command: Byte 1 = C0h Byte 2 = Address Byte 3 = Length (01…FFh = 1…255 bytes; 00h = 256 bytes) Transceiver Response:Transceiver Response:Transceiver Response:Transceiver Response: Byte 1 = C0h Byte 2 = Address Byte 3 = Length Byte 4…n = Data at requested address(s) 4.2.24.2.24.2.24.2.2 EEPROM Byte WriteEEPROM Byte WriteEEPROM Byte WriteEEPROM Byte Write Upon receiving this command, a transceiver will write the data byte to the address specified but will not echo it back to the Host until the EEPROM write cycle is complete. The write can take as long as 10ms to complete. Following the write cycle, a transceiver will transmit the data byte to the Host. The WR_ENA pin (Pin 14) must be pulled logic Low to enable the write prior to issuing this command or the write will not occur, requiring the transceiver to be reset. The length byte must be set to 01h. Only single byte writes are allowed. Host Command:Host Command:Host Command:Host Command: Byte 1 = C1h Byte 2 = Address Byte 3 = 01h Byte 3 = Data to store at Address Transceiver Response:Transceiver Response:Transceiver Response:Transceiver Response: Byte 1 = C1h Byte 2 = Address Byte 3 = 01h Byte 4 = Data to store at Address Note: The WR_ENA pin on the connector should only be pulled logic Low before sending an EEPROM EEPROM EEPROM EEPROM Byte WByte WByte WByte Writeriteriterite command and must be held logic Low until the data byte is echoed to the Host. 4.2.34.2.34.2.34.2.3 EEPROM Exit Configuration CommandEEPROM Exit Configuration CommandEEPROM Exit Configuration CommandEEPROM Exit Configuration Command The OEM Host can cause the transceiver to exit command mode by issuing the Exit Configuration Command mode command to the transceiver. HowHowHowHowever, the transceiver will not reflect any of the ever, the transceiver will not reflect any of the ever, the transceiver will not reflect any of the ever, the transceiver will not reflect any of the changes programmed into the EEPROM until the transceiver is reset.changes programmed into the EEPROM until the transceiver is reset.changes programmed into the EEPROM until the transceiver is reset.changes programmed into the EEPROM until the transceiver is reset. Host Command:Host Command:Host Command:Host Command: Byte 1 = 56h Transceiver Response:Transceiver Response:Transceiver Response:Transceiver Response: Byte 1 = 56h
AC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 Specifications 12/09/0212/09/0212/09/0212/09/02 17171717 4.34.34.34.3 OOOONNNN----THETHETHETHE----FFFFLY LY LY LY CCCCONTROL ONTROL ONTROL ONTROL CCCCOMMAND OMMAND OMMAND OMMAND RRRREFERENCEEFERENCEEFERENCEEFERENCE The AC4424 transceiver contains static memory that holds many of the parameters that control the transceiver operation. Using the “CC” command set allows many of these parameters to be changed during system operation. Because the memory these commands affect is static, when the transceiver is reset, these parameters will revert back to the settings stored in the EEPROM. Do not to modify Do not to modify Do not to modify Do not to modify undocumented static addresses as undesired operation may occur. All “CC” commands must be undocumented static addresses as undesired operation may occur. All “CC” commands must be undocumented static addresses as undesired operation may occur. All “CC” commands must be undocumented static addresses as undesired operation may occur. All “CC” commands must be issued from the Host to the transceiver with Command/Data (Pin 17) issued from the Host to the transceiver with Command/Data (Pin 17) issued from the Host to the transceiver with Command/Data (Pin 17) issued from the Host to the transceiver with Command/Data (Pin 17) pulled logic Low. To exit “CC” pulled logic Low. To exit “CC” pulled logic Low. To exit “CC” pulled logic Low. To exit “CC” mode, simply take the Command/Data pin High.mode, simply take the Command/Data pin High.mode, simply take the Command/Data pin High.mode, simply take the Command/Data pin High. Table Table Table Table 6666 –––– Static Memory Address Map Static Memory Address Map Static Memory Address Map Static Memory Address Map Static Bank #Static Bank #Static Bank #Static Bank # AddressAddressAddressAddress DescriptionDescriptionDescriptionDescription 1 67h – 69h Lower 3 bytes of Destination Address 4.3.14.3.14.3.14.3.1 Status RequestStatus RequestStatus RequestStatus Request The Host issues this command to request the status of the transceiver. Host Command:Host Command:Host Command:Host Command: Byte 1 = CCh Byte 2 = 00h Byte 3 = 00h Transceiver Response:Transceiver Response:Transceiver Response:Transceiver Response: Byte 1 = CCh Byte 2 = Firmware version number Byte 3 = Data1 Where:Where:Where:Where: Data1 = 00 for Server in Normal Operation 01 for Client in Normal Operation 02 for Server in Acquisition Sync 03 for Client in Acquisition Sync 4.3.24.3.24.3.24.3.2 Change Channel with Forced Acquisition SyncChange Channel with Forced Acquisition SyncChange Channel with Forced Acquisition SyncChange Channel with Forced Acquisition Sync The Host issues this command to change the channel of the transceiver and force the transceiver to actively begin synchronization. Host Command:Host Command:Host Command:Host Command: Byte 1 = CCh Byte 2 = 02h Byte 3 = RF Channel Number (Hexadecimal) Transceiver Response:Transceiver Response:Transceiver Response:Transceiver Response: Byte 1 = CCh Byte 2 = RF Channel Number (Hexadecimal)
AC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 Specifications 12/09/0212/09/0212/09/0212/09/02 18181818 4.3.34.3.34.3.34.3.3 Server/Client CommandServer/Client CommandServer/Client CommandServer/Client Command The Host issues this command to change the mode (Server or Client) of the transceiver and can force the transceiver to actively begin synchronization. Host Command:Host Command:Host Command:Host Command: Byte 1 = CCh Byte 2 = 03h Byte 3 = Data1 Where:Where:Where:Where: Data1 = 00 for Server in Normal Operation 01 for Client in Normal Operation 02 for Server in Acquisition Sync 03 for Client in Acquisition Sync Transceiver Response:Transceiver Response:Transceiver Response:Transceiver Response: Byte 1 = CCh Byte 2 = Software Version Number Byte 3 = Data1 Where:Where:Where:Where: Data1 = Data1 from Host Command 4.3.44.3.44.3.44.3.4 PowerPowerPowerPower----Down CommandDown CommandDown CommandDown Command After the Host issues the power-down command to the transceiver, the transceiver will de-assert the In_Range line after entering power-down. A Client transceiver in power-down will remain in sync with a Server for a minimum of 2 minutes. To maintain synchronization with the Server, this Client transceiver should re-sync to the Server at least once every 2 minutes. This re-sync is accomplished by issuing the PowerPowerPowerPower----Down WakeDown WakeDown WakeDown Wake----Up CommandUp CommandUp CommandUp Command and waiting for the In Range line to go active. Once this occurs, the Client transceiver is in sync with the Server and can be put back into power-down. Host Command:Host Command:Host Command:Host Command: Byte 1 = CCh Byte 2 = 06h Transceiver Response:Transceiver Response:Transceiver Response:Transceiver Response: Byte 1 = CCh Byte 2 = 00h
AC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 Specifications 12/09/0212/09/0212/09/0212/09/02 19191919 4.3.54.3.54.3.54.3.5 PowerPowerPowerPower----Down WakeDown WakeDown WakeDown Wake----Up CommandUp CommandUp CommandUp Command The Power-Down Wake-Up Command is issued by the Host to bring the transceiver out of power-down mode. Host Command:Host Command:Host Command:Host Command: Byte 1 = CCh Byte 2 = 07h Transceiver Response:Transceiver Response:Transceiver Response:Transceiver Response: Byte 1 = CCh Byte 2 = 00h 4.3.64.3.64.3.64.3.6 Broadcast ModeBroadcast ModeBroadcast ModeBroadcast Mode The Host issues this command to change the transceiver operation between Addressed ModeAddressed ModeAddressed ModeAddressed Mode and Broadcast ModeBroadcast ModeBroadcast ModeBroadcast Mode. If addressed mode is selected the transceiver will send all packets to the radio designated by the Destination AddressDestination AddressDestination AddressDestination Address programmed in the transceiver. Host Command:Host Command:Host Command:Host Command: Byte 1 = CCh Byte 2 = 08h Byte 3 = 00 for addressed mode, 01 for broadcast mode Transceiver Response:Transceiver Response:Transceiver Response:Transceiver Response: Byte 1 = CCh Byte 2 = 00 for addressed mode, 01 for broadcast mode 4.3.74.3.74.3.74.3.7 ReReReRead Static Bank #1 Bytead Static Bank #1 Bytead Static Bank #1 Bytead Static Bank #1 Byte The OEM Host issues this command to the transceiver to read Static Bank #1 Bytes. Static Bank #1 is a bank of memory that holds many of the parameters that control the radio. Using the Read/Write Static Bank #1 command allows these parameters to be changed dynamically. Because the memory bank is static, when the radio is reset, these parameters will revert back to the settings stored in EEPROM. Be careful not to change undocumented Static Bank addresses as undesired operation may occur. Host Command:Host Command:Host Command:Host Command: Byte 1 = CCh Byte 2 = 0Ah Byte 3 = 00 – FFh corresponding to a valid Static Bank #1 address Transceiver Response:Transceiver Response:Transceiver Response:Transceiver Response: Byte 1 = CCh Byte 2 = 00 – FFh corresponding to a valid Static Bank #1 address
AC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 Specifications 12/09/0212/09/0212/09/0212/09/02 20202020 4.3.84.3.84.3.84.3.8 Write Static Bank #1 BytesWrite Static Bank #1 BytesWrite Static Bank #1 BytesWrite Static Bank #1 Bytes The Host issues this command to the transceiver to write Static Bank #1 Bytes. Static Bank #1 is a bank of memory that holds many of the parameters that control the radio. Using the Read/Write Static Bank #1 command allows these parameters to be changed dynamically. Because the memory bank is static, when the radio is reset, these parameters will revert back to the settings stored in EEPROM. Be careful not to change undocumented Static Bank addresses as undesired operation may occur. Host Command:Host Command:Host Command:Host Command: Byte 1 = CCh Byte 2 = 0Bh Byte 3 = 00 – FFh corresponding to a valid Static Bank #1 address Byte 4 = 00 – FFh corresponding to new value for address specified by Byte 3 Transceiver Response:Transceiver Response:Transceiver Response:Transceiver Response: Byte 1 = CCh Byte 2 = 00 – FFh corresponding to a valid Static Bank #1 address Byte 3 = 00 – FFh corresponding to new value for address specified by Byte 2 4.3.94.3.94.3.94.3.9 Read Static Bank #2 BytesRead Static Bank #2 BytesRead Static Bank #2 BytesRead Static Bank #2 Bytes The Host issues this command to the transceiver to read Static Bank #2 Bytes. Static Bank #2 is a bank of memory that holds many of the parameters that control the radio. Using the Read/Write Static Bank #2 command allows these parameters to be changed dynamically. Because the memory bank is static, when the radio is reset, these parameters will revert back to the settings stored in EEPROM. Be careful not to change undocumented Static Bank addresses as undesired operation may occur. Host Command:Host Command:Host Command:Host Command: Byte 1 = CCh Byte 2 = 0Ch Byte 3 = 00 – FFh corresponding to a valid Static Bank #2 address Transceiver Response:Transceiver Response:Transceiver Response:Transceiver Response: Byte 1 = CCh Byte 2 = 00 – FFh corresponding to a valid Static Bank #2 address
AC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 Specifications 12/09/0212/09/0212/09/0212/09/02 21212121 4.3.104.3.104.3.104.3.10 Write Static Bank #2 BytesWrite Static Bank #2 BytesWrite Static Bank #2 BytesWrite Static Bank #2 Bytes The Host issues this command to the transceiver to write Static Bank #2 Bytes. Static Bank #2 is a bank of memory that holds many of the parameters that control the radio. Using the Read/Write Static Bank #2 command allows these parameters to be changed dynamically. Because the memory bank is static, when the radio is reset, these parameters will revert back to the settings stored in EEPROM. Be careful not to change undocumented Static Bank addresses as undesired operation may occur. Host Command:Host Command:Host Command:Host Command: Byte 1 = CCh Byte 2 = 0Dh Byte 3 = 00 – FFh corresponding to a valid Static Bank #2 address Byte 4 = 00 – FFh corresponding to new value for address specified by Byte 3 Transceiver Response:Transceiver Response:Transceiver Response:Transceiver Response: Byte 1 = CCh Byte 2 = 00 – FFh corresponding to a valid Static Bank #2 address Byte 3 = 00 – FFh corresponding to new value for address specified by Byte 2 4.3.114.3.114.3.114.3.11 Write Destination AddressWrite Destination AddressWrite Destination AddressWrite Destination Address The Host issues this command to the transceiver to change the Destination Address. This is a very very very very powerful powerful powerful powerful command that provides the OEM Host with a means for ad-hoc networking. Only the three Only the three Only the three Only the three Least Significant Bytes of the MAC Address are used for packet delivery.Least Significant Bytes of the MAC Address are used for packet delivery.Least Significant Bytes of the MAC Address are used for packet delivery.Least Significant Bytes of the MAC Address are used for packet delivery. Host Command:Host Command:Host Command:Host Command: Byte 1 = CCh Byte 2 = 10h Bytes 3 – 5 = 00 – FFh corresponding the three LSB’s of the destination MAC Address Transceiver Response:Transceiver Response:Transceiver Response:Transceiver Response: Byte 1 = CCh Bytes 2 – 4= 00 – FFh corresponding the three LSB’s of the destination MAC Address 4.3.124.3.124.3.124.3.12 Read Destination AddressRead Destination AddressRead Destination AddressRead Destination Address The Host issues this command to the transceiver to read the Destination Address. This is a very very very very powerful powerful powerful powerful command that provides the OEM Host with a means for ad-hoc networking. Only the three Only the three Only the three Only the three Least Significant Bytes of the MAC Address are used for packet delivery.Least Significant Bytes of the MAC Address are used for packet delivery.Least Significant Bytes of the MAC Address are used for packet delivery.Least Significant Bytes of the MAC Address are used for packet delivery. Host Command:Host Command:Host Command:Host Command: Byte 1 = CCh Byte 2 = 11h TranscTranscTranscTransceiver Response:eiver Response:eiver Response:eiver Response: Byte 1 = CCh Bytes 2 – 4= 00 – FFh corresponding the three LSB’s of the destination MAC Address
AC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 Specifications 12/09/0212/09/0212/09/0212/09/02 22222222 4.3.134.3.134.3.134.3.13 Temperature UpdateTemperature UpdateTemperature UpdateTemperature Update The Host issues this command to update the transceiver with the ambient temperature. This command is only valid on AC4424 family transceivers not already fitted with a temperature sensor. Host Command:Host Command:Host Command:Host Command: Byte 1 = CCh Byte 2 = A3h Byte 3 = D8h – 50h (corresponding to the ambient temperature in °C) Transceiver Response:Transceiver Response:Transceiver Response:Transceiver Response: Byte 1 = CCh Byte 2 = D8h – 50h (corresponding to the ambient temperature in °C)
AC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 Specifications 12/09/0212/09/0212/09/0212/09/02 23232323 5.5.5.5. Theory of OperationTheory of OperationTheory of OperationTheory of Operation 5.15.15.15.1 HHHHARDWARE INTERFACEARDWARE INTERFACEARDWARE INTERFACEARDWARE INTERFACE Below is a description of all hardware pins used to control the AC4424. 5.1.15.1.15.1.15.1.1 TXD (Transmit Data) and RXD (Receive Data) (pins 2 and 3 respectively) TXD (Transmit Data) and RXD (Receive Data) (pins 2 and 3 respectively) TXD (Transmit Data) and RXD (Receive Data) (pins 2 and 3 respectively) TXD (Transmit Data) and RXD (Receive Data) (pins 2 and 3 respectively) The AC4424 accepts 5V TTL level asynchronous serial data in the RXD pin and interprets that data as either Command Data or Transmit Data. Data is sent from the transceiver to the OEM Host via the TXD pin. The data must be of the format 8-N-1 (8 data bits, No Parity bits, One stop bit). 5.1.25.1.25.1.25.1.2 Hop Frame (pin 6)Hop Frame (pin 6)Hop Frame (pin 6)Hop Frame (pin 6) The AC4424 is a frequency hopping spread spectrum radio. Frequency hopping allows the system to hop around interference in order to provide a better wireless link. Hop Frame transitions logic Low at the start of a hop and transitions logic High at the completion of a hop. The OEM Host is not required to monitor Hop Frame. 5.1.35.1.35.1.35.1.3 CTS Handshaking (pin 7)CTS Handshaking (pin 7)CTS Handshaking (pin 7)CTS Handshaking (pin 7) The AC4424 has an interface buffer size of 256 bytes. If the buffer fills up and more bytes are sent to the transceiver before the buffer can be emptied, data corruption will occur. The transceiver prevents this corruption by asserting CTS High as the buffer fills up and taking CTS Low as the buffer is emptied. CTS OnCTS OnCTS OnCTS On in conjunction with CTS On HysteresisCTS On HysteresisCTS On HysteresisCTS On Hysteresis control the operation of CTS. CTS On specifies the amount of bytes that must be in the buffer for CTS to be disabled (High). Even while CTS is disabled, the OEM Host can still send data to the transceiver, but it should do so carefully. Once CTS is disabled, it will remain disabled until the buffer is reduced to the size specified by CTS On Hysteresis. The following equation should always be used for setting CTS On, CTS On Hysteresis and RF Packet SizeRF Packet SizeRF Packet SizeRF Packet Size: CTS On CTS On CTS On CTS On –––– CTS On Hysteresis = RF Packet Size CTS On Hysteresis = RF Packet Size CTS On Hysteresis = RF Packet Size CTS On Hysteresis = RF Packet Size 5.1.45.1.45.1.45.1.4 RTS Handshaking (pin 8)RTS Handshaking (pin 8)RTS Handshaking (pin 8)RTS Handshaking (pin 8) With RTS ModeRTS ModeRTS ModeRTS Mode disabled, the transceiver will send any received packet to the OEM Host as soon as the packet is received. However, some OEM Hosts are not able to accept data from the transceiver all of the time. With RTS Mode Enabled, the OEM Host can keep the transceiver from sending it a packet by disabling RTS (logic High). Once RTS is enabled (logic Low), the transceiver can send packets to the OEM Host as they are received. Note: Leaving RTS disabled for too long can cause data loss Note: Leaving RTS disabled for too long can cause data loss Note: Leaving RTS disabled for too long can cause data loss Note: Leaving RTS disabled for too long can cause data loss once the transceiver’s receive buffer fills up.once the transceiver’s receive buffer fills up.once the transceiver’s receive buffer fills up.once the transceiver’s receive buffer fills up.
AC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 Specifications 12/09/0212/09/0212/09/0212/09/02 24242424 5.1.55.1.55.1.55.1.5 9600 Bau9600 Bau9600 Bau9600 Baud/Packet Frame (pin 12)d/Packet Frame (pin 12)d/Packet Frame (pin 12)d/Packet Frame (pin 12) 9600_BAUD9600_BAUD9600_BAUD9600_BAUD – When pulled logic Low before applying power or resetting, the transceiver’s serial interface is forced to a 9600, 8-N-1 (8 data bits, No parity, 1 stop bit) rate. To exit, transceiver must be reset or power-cycled with 9600_Baud logic High. Packet FramePacket FramePacket FramePacket Frame – When enabled in EEPROM, Packet Frame will transition logic Low at the start of a received RF packet and transition logic High at the completion of the packet. 5.1.65.1.65.1.65.1.6 RSSI (pin 13)RSSI (pin 13)RSSI (pin 13)RSSI (pin 13) Received Signal Strength Indicator is used by the Host as an indication of instantaneous signal strength at the receiver. The Host must calibrate RSSI without a RF signal being presented to the receiver. Calibration is accomplished by following the steps listed below to find a minimum and maximum voltage value. 1) Power up only one Client (no Server) transceiver in the coverage area. 2) Measure the RSSI signal to obtain the minimum value with no other signal present. 3) Power up a Server. Make sure the two transceivers are in close proximity and measure the Client’s peak RSSI once the Client reports In Range to obtain a maximum value at full signal strength. Figure 1 shows approximate RSSI performance. Output is 1.20V to 4.50V. Figure Figure Figure Figure 1111 –––– RSSI Voltage vs. Received Signal Strength RSSI Voltage vs. Received Signal Strength RSSI Voltage vs. Received Signal Strength RSSI Voltage vs. Received Signal Strength -100-90-80-70-60-50-40-30-20-1001.2 1.3 1.57 2.3 3.8 4.5Voltage (VDC)Signal at Receiver (dBm)
AC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 Specifications 12/09/0212/09/0212/09/0212/09/02 25252525 5.1.75.1.75.1.75.1.7 WrWrWrWr_Ena (EEPROM Write Enable) (pin 14)_Ena (EEPROM Write Enable) (pin 14)_Ena (EEPROM Write Enable) (pin 14)_Ena (EEPROM Write Enable) (pin 14) Wr_Ena is a direct connection to the Write Enable line on the EEPROM. When logic Low, the EEPROM’s contents may be changed. When logic High, the EEPROM is protected from accidental and intentional modification. It is recommended that this line only be Low when an EEPROM write is desired to prevent unintentional corruption of the EEPROM. 5.1.85.1.85.1.85.1.8 UP_Reset (pin 15)UP_Reset (pin 15)UP_Reset (pin 15)UP_Reset (pin 15) UP_Reset provides a direct connection to the reset pin on the AC4424 microprocessor. To guarantee a valid power-up reset, this pin should never be tied Low on power-up. For a valid power-on reset, reset must be High for a minimum of 50us. 5.1.95.1.95.1.95.1.9 Command/Data (pin 17)Command/Data (pin 17)Command/Data (pin 17)Command/Data (pin 17) When logic High, transceiver interprets Host data as transmit data to be sent to other transceivers and their Hosts. When logic Low, transceiver interprets Host data as command data (see section 4)(see section 4)(see section 4)(see section 4). 5.1.105.1.105.1.105.1.10 In Range (pin 20)In Range (pin 20)In Range (pin 20)In Range (pin 20) The IN_RANGE pin at the connector will be driven logic Low when a Client is in range of a Server on the same RF ChannelRF ChannelRF ChannelRF Channel and System IDSystem IDSystem IDSystem ID. If a Client cannot hear a Server for 5s, it will drive the IN_RANGE pin logic High and enter a search mode looking for a Server. As soon as it detects a Server, the IN_RANGE pin will be driven logic Low. A Server Host can determine which Clients are in range by the Server’s Host software polling a Client’s Host. 5.25.25.25.2 SSSSOFTWARE OFTWARE OFTWARE OFTWARE PPPPARAMETERSARAMETERSARAMETERSARAMETERS Below is a description of all software parameters used to control the AC4424. 5.2.15.2.15.2.15.2.1 RF Architecture (ServerRF Architecture (ServerRF Architecture (ServerRF Architecture (Server----Client/PeerClient/PeerClient/PeerClient/Peer----totototo----Peer)Peer)Peer)Peer) The Server controls the system timing by sending out regular beacons (transparent to the transceiver Host) which contain system timing information. This timing information synchronizes the Client radios to the Server. Each network should consist of only one Server. There should never be two Servers on the same RF RF RF RF ChanChanChanChannel Numbernel Numbernel Numbernel Number in the same coverage area, as the interference between the two Servers will severely hinder RF communications. In Server-Client architecture, the Server communicates with the Clients and the Clients onlyonlyonlyonly communicate with the Server. Enabling PePePePeerererer----totototo----Peer ModePeer ModePeer ModePeer Mode will allow all radios on the network to communicate with each other. Note: All transceivers on the same network must have the same Note: All transceivers on the same network must have the same Note: All transceivers on the same network must have the same Note: All transceivers on the same network must have the same setting for Peersetting for Peersetting for Peersetting for Peer----totototo----Peer and there must still be one, and only one, Server present in a PeerPeer and there must still be one, and only one, Server present in a PeerPeer and there must still be one, and only one, Server present in a PeerPeer and there must still be one, and only one, Server present in a Peer----totototo----Peer Peer Peer Peer networnetwornetwornetwork.k.k.k.
AC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 Specifications 12/09/0212/09/0212/09/0212/09/02 26262626 5.2.25.2.25.2.25.2.2 RF ModeRF ModeRF ModeRF Mode All radios located on the same network must use the same RF Mode.All radios located on the same network must use the same RF Mode.All radios located on the same network must use the same RF Mode.All radios located on the same network must use the same RF Mode. Acknowledge ModeAcknowledge ModeAcknowledge ModeAcknowledge Mode In Addressed Acknowledge Mode, the RF packet is sent out to the receiver designated by the Destination AddressDestination AddressDestination AddressDestination Address. Transmit RetriesTransmit RetriesTransmit RetriesTransmit Retries is used to increase the odds of successful delivery to the intended receiver. Transparent to the OEM Host, the sending transceiver will send the RF packet to the intended receiver. If the receiver receives the packet free of errors, it will tell the sender. If the sender does not receive this acknowledge, it will assume the packet was never received and retry the packet. This will go on until the packet is successfully received or the transmitter exhausts all of its retries. The received packet will only be sent to the OEM Host if and when it is received free of errors. In Broadcast Acknowledge Mode, the RF packet is broadcast out to all eligible receivers on the network. In order to increase the odds of successful delivery, Broadcast AttemptsBroadcast AttemptsBroadcast AttemptsBroadcast Attempts is used to increase the odds of successful delivery to the intended receiver(s). Transparent to the OEM Host, the sending transceiver will send the RF packet to the intended receiver. If the receiver detects a packet error, it will throw out the packet. This will go on until the packet is successfully received or the transmitter exhausts all of its attempts. Once the receiver successfully receives the packet it will send the packet to the OEM Host. It will throw out any duplicates caused by further Broadcast Attempts. The received packet will only be sent to the OEM Host if it is received free of errors. Stream ModeStream ModeStream ModeStream Mode In Broadcast Stream mode, the RF packet is broadcast out to all eligible receivers on the network. In Addressed Stream Mode, the RF packet is sent out to the receiver designated by the Destination Destination Destination Destination AddressAddressAddressAddress. The sending transceiver will send each RF packet out once. There are no retries on the packet. Whether or not the packet contains errors, the receiver(s) will send the packet to the OEM Host. However, if receiver is not able to receive the packet in its entirety (there are bytes missing), it will not send the packet to the OEM Host. In order to increase the odds of successful delivery, Forward Forward Forward Forward Error Correction (FEC)Error Correction (FEC)Error Correction (FEC)Error Correction (FEC) may be used. FEC is used (transparent to the OEM Host) to increase the odds of correctly receiving a packet sent over the RF. When enabled, the transceiver will send every byte over the RF 3 times and then perform a best-of-three bit-wise decision on the received bytes. Enabling FEC can cut overall throughput by 1/3. Note: All transceivers on the same network must have the Note: All transceivers on the same network must have the Note: All transceivers on the same network must have the Note: All transceivers on the same network must have the same setting for FEC. Stream Mode is incompatible with Full Duplex Mode.same setting for FEC. Stream Mode is incompatible with Full Duplex Mode.same setting for FEC. Stream Mode is incompatible with Full Duplex Mode.same setting for FEC. Stream Mode is incompatible with Full Duplex Mode.
AC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 Specifications 12/09/0212/09/0212/09/0212/09/02 27272727 5.2.35.2.35.2.35.2.3 Sub Hop AdjustSub Hop AdjustSub Hop AdjustSub Hop Adjust Sub Hop Adjust is an AC4424 protocol parameter and its settings are as follows: Table Table Table Table 7777 –––– Sub Hop Adjust Settings Sub Hop Adjust Settings Sub Hop Adjust Settings Sub Hop Adjust Settings RF Mode Sub Hop Adjust Acknowledge D0h Stream 80h 5.2.45.2.45.2.45.2.4 Duplex ModeDuplex ModeDuplex ModeDuplex Mode In Half Duplex mode, the AC4424 will send a packet out over the RF when it can. This can cause packets sent at the same time by a Server and a Client to collide with each other over the RF. To prevent this, Full Duplex Mode can be enabled. This mode restricts Clients to transmitting on odd numbered frequency “bins” and the Server to transmitting on even frequency bins. Though the RF hardware is still technically half duplex, it makes the radio seem full duplex. This can cause overall throughputs to be cut in half. Note: All transceivers on the same network must have the same setting Note: All transceivers on the same network must have the same setting Note: All transceivers on the same network must have the same setting Note: All transceivers on the same network must have the same setting for Full Duplex. Full Duplex mode is incompatible with Strefor Full Duplex. Full Duplex mode is incompatible with Strefor Full Duplex. Full Duplex mode is incompatible with Strefor Full Duplex. Full Duplex mode is incompatible with Stream RF mode.am RF mode.am RF mode.am RF mode. 5.2.55.2.55.2.55.2.5 Interface Timeout/RF Packet SizeInterface Timeout/RF Packet SizeInterface Timeout/RF Packet SizeInterface Timeout/RF Packet Size Interface timeout, in conjunction with RF Packet SizeRF Packet SizeRF Packet SizeRF Packet Size, determines when a buffer of data will be sent out over the RF as a complete RF packet based on whichever condition occurs first. Interface TimeoutInterface TimeoutInterface TimeoutInterface Timeout – Interface Timeout specifies a maximum byte gap in between consecutive bytes. When that byte gap is exceeded, the bytes in the transmit buffer are sent out over the RF as a complete packet. Interface timeout is adjustable in 160uS decrements. The actual timeout created by Interface Timeout is equal to the 2's complement of Interface Timeout times 160uS. The default value for Interface Timeout is F0H or 2.56ms. RF Packet Size RF Packet Size RF Packet Size RF Packet Size – When the amount of bytes in the transceiver transmit buffer equals RF Packet Size, those bytes are sent out as a complete RF packet.
AC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 Specifications 12/09/0212/09/0212/09/0212/09/02 28282828 5.2.65.2.65.2.65.2.6 Serial Interface Baud RateSerial Interface Baud RateSerial Interface Baud RateSerial Interface Baud Rate This two-byte value determines the baud rate used for communicating over the serial interface to a transceiver. Table 5 Table 5 Table 5 Table 5 ---- Baud Rate/Timeout Baud Rate/Timeout Baud Rate/Timeout Baud Rate/Timeout lists values for some common baud rates. Baud rates below 110 baud are not supported. For a baud rate to be valid, the calculated baud rate must be within ±3% of the OEM Host baud rate. If the 9600_BAUD pin (Pin 12) is pulled logic Low at reset, the baud rate If the 9600_BAUD pin (Pin 12) is pulled logic Low at reset, the baud rate If the 9600_BAUD pin (Pin 12) is pulled logic Low at reset, the baud rate If the 9600_BAUD pin (Pin 12) is pulled logic Low at reset, the baud rate will be forced to 9,600will be forced to 9,600will be forced to 9,600will be forced to 9,600. . . . For Baud Rate values other than those shown in Table 5 Table 5 Table 5 Table 5 ---- Baud Rate Baud Rate Baud Rate Baud Rate, the following equation can be used: BAUD = (18.432E+06/(32*desired baud rate))BAUD = (18.432E+06/(32*desired baud rate))BAUD = (18.432E+06/(32*desired baud rate))BAUD = (18.432E+06/(32*desired baud rate)) BaudH= High 8 bits of BAUD (base16)BaudH= High 8 bits of BAUD (base16)BaudH= High 8 bits of BAUD (base16)BaudH= High 8 bits of BAUD (base16) BaudL = Low 8 bits of BAUD (base16)BaudL = Low 8 bits of BAUD (base16)BaudL = Low 8 bits of BAUD (base16)BaudL = Low 8 bits of BAUD (base16) Table Table Table Table 8888 –––– Baud Ra Baud Ra Baud Ra Baud Ratetetete Baud Baud Baud Baud RateRateRateRate BaudL BaudL BaudL BaudL (42h)(42h)(42h)(42h) BaudH BaudH BaudH BaudH (43h)(43h)(43h)(43h) Minimum Interface Timeout Minimum Interface Timeout Minimum Interface Timeout Minimum Interface Timeout (58h)(58h)(58h)(58h) 288,000 02h 00h FFh 192,000 03h 00h FFh 115,200 05h 00h FEh 57,600 0Ah 00h FDh 38,400 0Fh 00h FCh 28,800 14h 00h FBh 19,200 1Eh 00h F9h 14,400 28h 00h F7h 9,600 3Ch 00h F2h 4800 78h 00h E5h 2400 F0h 00h CBh 1200 E0h 01h 97h 300 80h 07h 01h 110 74h 14h 01h 5.2.75.2.75.2.75.2.7 Network TopologyNetwork TopologyNetwork TopologyNetwork Topology RF Channel NumberRF Channel NumberRF Channel NumberRF Channel Number – RF Channel Number provides a physical separation between co-located networks. The AC4424 is a spread spectrum frequency hopping radio with a fixed hopping sequence. Without synchronizing the different networks to each other, different channel numbers could possibly interfere with each other and create “cross-talk.” To avoid cross-talk interference, co-located networks should use SyncSyncSyncSync----ttttoooo----ChannelChannelChannelChannel. A Server radio with Sync-to-Channel enabled will synchronize its frequency hop timing to a system located on the RF Channel specified by Sync ChannelSync ChannelSync ChannelSync Channel. The only requirement is that Sync Channel be numerically less than RF Channel. Therefore, every co-located network will be synchronizing to the network with the lowest RF Channel. Four Channel sets are provided for the AC4424. Frequency Offset is a protocol parameter used to satisfy unique international requirements. Co Co Co Co----located networks must ulocated networks must ulocated networks must ulocated networks must use the same Channel Set.se the same Channel Set.se the same Channel Set.se the same Channel Set.
AC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 Specifications 12/09/0212/09/0212/09/0212/09/02 29292929 Table Table Table Table 9999 –––– US and International RF Channel Number Settings US and International RF Channel Number Settings US and International RF Channel Number Settings US and International RF Channel Number Settings Channel Set RF Channel Number Range (40h) Frequency Offset (46h) Countries 0 00h – 0Fh N/A US,Canada 1 10h – 1Fh 0 US,Canada 2 20h – 2Fh 0 US,Canada 3 30h – 3Fh 2Eh France System IDSystem IDSystem IDSystem ID – System ID is similar to a password character or network number and makes network eavesdropping more difficult. A receiving radio will not go in range of or communicate with another radio on a different System ID. 5.2.85.2.85.2.85.2.8 Auto ConfigAuto ConfigAuto ConfigAuto Config The AC4424 has several variables that control its RF performance and vary by RF ModeRF ModeRF ModeRF Mode and RF RF RF RF ArchitectureArchitectureArchitectureArchitecture. Enabling Auto Config will bypass the value for these variables stored in EEPROM and use predetermined values for the given Interface Baud Rate. Auto Config has been optimized for 192,000 Auto Config has been optimized for 192,000 Auto Config has been optimized for 192,000 Auto Config has been optimized for 192,000 baud Stream Mode, 115,200 baud Acknowledge Mode and all lower baud rates. It should only be baud Stream Mode, 115,200 baud Acknowledge Mode and all lower baud rates. It should only be baud Stream Mode, 115,200 baud Acknowledge Mode and all lower baud rates. It should only be baud Stream Mode, 115,200 baud Acknowledge Mode and all lower baud rates. It should only be disabled with recommendation from AeroComm.disabled with recommendation from AeroComm.disabled with recommendation from AeroComm.disabled with recommendation from AeroComm. Below is a list containing some of the variables affected by Auto Config and their respective values: Table Table Table Table 10101010 –––– Auto Config Parameters Auto Config Parameters Auto Config Parameters Auto Config Parameters Parameter Auto Config ValueRF Packet Size 40h CTS On C0h CTS On Hysteresis 80h
AC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 Specifications 12/09/0212/09/0212/09/0212/09/02 30303030 6.6.6.6. Application ExamplesApplication ExamplesApplication ExamplesApplication Examples TBD
AC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 SpecificationsAC4424 Specifications 12/09/0212/09/0212/09/0212/09/02 31313131 7.7.7.7. DimensionsDimensionsDimensionsDimensions All AC4424 products measure 1.65”W x 2.65”L. Critical parameters are as follows: • J1J1J1J1 – 20 pin OEM interface connector (Samtec TMM-110-01-L-D-SM, mates with Samtec SMM-110-02-S-D) • MMCX JackMMCX JackMMCX JackMMCX Jack – Antenna connector (Telegartner P/N J01341C0081) mates with any manufacturer’s MMCX plug Figure Figure Figure Figure 2222 –––– AC4424 with AC4424 with AC4424 with AC4424 with
Ordering Information Ordering Information Ordering Information Ordering Information 12/09/0212/09/0212/09/0212/09/02 32323232 8.8.8.8. Ordering InformationOrdering InformationOrdering InformationOrdering Information 8.18.18.18.1 PPPPRODUCT RODUCT RODUCT RODUCT PPPPART ART ART ART NNNNUMBERSUMBERSUMBERSUMBERS AC4424AC4424AC4424AC4424----10101010: AC4424 with 10mW output power, interface data rates to 288Kbps, MMCX antenna connector, -40°C to 80°C AC4424AC4424AC4424AC4424----100100100100: AC4424 with 50mW output power, interface data rates to 288Kbps, MMCX antenna connector, -40°C to 80°C AC4424AC4424AC4424AC4424----200200200200: AC4424 with 200mW output power, interface data rates to 288Kbps, MMCX antenna connector, -40°C to 80°C 8.28.28.28.2 DDDDEVELOPER EVELOPER EVELOPER EVELOPER KKKKIT IT IT IT PPPPART ART ART ART NNNNUMBERSUMBERSUMBERSUMBERS SDKSDKSDKSDK----4424I4424I4424I4424I----10101010: Includes (2) AC4424-10 transceivers, (2) RS232 Serial Adapter Boards, (2) 6Vdc unregulated power supplies, (2) Serial cables, (2) S151FL-5-RMM-2450S dipole antennas with 5” pigtail and MMCX connector, configuration/testing software, Integration engineering support SDKSDKSDKSDK----4424I4424I4424I4424I----100100100100: Includes (2) AC4424-100 transceivers, (2) RS232 Serial Adapter Boards, (2) 6Vdc unregulated power supplies, (2) Serial cables, (2) S151FL-5-RMM-2450S dipole antennas with 5” pigtail and MMCX connector, configuration/testing software, Integration engineering support SDKSDKSDKSDK----4424I4424I4424I4424I----200200200200: Includes (2) AC4424-200 transceivers, (2) RS232 Serial Adapter Boards, (2) 6Vdc unregulated power supplies, (2) Serial cables, (2) S151FL-5-RMM-2450S dipole antennas with 5” pigtail and MMCX connector, configuration/testing software, Integration engineering support

Navigation menu