Measurement Specialties 9116 Users Manual
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Model 9116
Intelligent Pressure Scanner
User’s Manual
August 2007
NetScanner™ System
www.PressureSystems.com
Pressure Systems, Inc.
REVISION
Model 9116 User’s Manual
REVISION HISTORY
PRINT DATE
1
Updated manual terminology and deleted all
references to UDP Query and to O-ring part
numbers.
April 2004
2
Update terminology
November 2004
3
Update commands
August 2007
©This User’s Manual is a copyright product of Pressure Systems, Inc. , 2007.
Permission is hereby granted to make copies and distribute verbatim copies of this manual,
provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are preserved on all copies.
Page i
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Pressure Systems, Inc.
Model 9116 User’s Manual
Table of Contents
Chapter 1: General Information ........................................................................................... 1
1.1
Introduction
..............................................................................................................1
1.2
Description of the Instrument ....................................................................................... 2
1.2.1 Differences Between Models 9016 and 9116................................................... 3
1.3
Options......................................................................................................................... 5
1.3.1 Pressure Ranges.............................................................................................. 5
1.3.2 Manifolds and Pressure Connections............................................................... 5
1.3.3 Communication Interfaces................................................................................ 6
Chapter 2: Installation and Set Up ...................................................................................... 7
2.1
Unpacking and Inspection............................................................................................ 7
2.2
Safety Considerations .................................................................................................. 7
2.3
Preparation for Use ...................................................................................................... 7
2.3.1 Environment ..................................................................................................... 7
2.3.2 Power ............................................................................................................... 8
2.3.3 Mounting and Module Dimensions ................................................................... 9
2.3.4 Network Communications Hookup ................................................................... 9
2.3.4.1 Ethernet Host Port Hookup................................................................ 9
2.3.5 Diagnostic Port Hookup.................................................................................... 13
2.3.6 Pressure Connections ...................................................................................... 13
2.3.6.1 RUN Mode Inputs .............................................................................. 14
2.3.6.2 CAL Mode Inputs ............................................................................... 15
2.3.6.3 PURGE Mode Inputs ......................................................................... 15
2.3.6.4 LEAK Mode Inputs............................................................................. 16
2.3.6.5 Supply Air .......................................................................................... 16
2.3.7 Case Grounding ............................................................................................... 17
2.3.8 Trigger Input Signal .......................................................................................... 17
2.3.9 Power Up Checks and Self-Diagnostics........................................................... 17
Chapter 3: Programming and Operation ............................................................................ 18
3.1
Page ii
Commands & Responses ............................................................................................ 18
3.1.1 Introduction....................................................................................................... 18
3.1.1.1 TCP/UDP/IP Protocols....................................................................... 18
3.1.2 Commands ....................................................................................................... 19
3.1.2.1 General Command Format ................................................................ 19
3.1.2.2 Command Field ................................................................................. 20
3.1.2.3 Position Field ..................................................................................... 20
3.1.2.4 Datum Fields...................................................................................... 21
3.1.2.5 Format Field....................................................................................... 21
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Pressure Systems, Inc.
Model 9116 User’s Manual
Table of Contents (continued)
3.1.3
3.1.4
3.2
Page iii
Responses ....................................................................................................... 22
3.1.3.1 Interpreting Offset Values (Re-zero Calibration Adjustment)............. 23
3.1.3.2 Interpreting Gain Values (Span Calibration Adjustment) ................... 23
3.1.3.3 Interpreting Engineering Units Output ............................................... 23
Functional Command Overview ....................................................................... 23
3.1.4.1 Startup Initialization ........................................................................... 24
3.1.4.2 Module Data Acquisition .................................................................... 24
3.1.4.3 Calibration Adjustment of Offset/Gain Correction Coefficients .......... 25
3.1.4.4 Delivery of Acquired Data to Host...................................................... 26
3.1.4.5 Network Query and Control Functions............................................... 27
3.1.4.6 Other Functions ................................................................................. 27
Detailed Command Description Reference .................................................................. 28
TCP/IP Commands
Power Up Clear (Command ‘A’) ....................................................................... 29
Reset (Command ‘B’) ....................................................................................... 30
Configure/Control Multi-point Calibration (Command ‘C’) ................................ 31
Sub-command Index 00: Configure & Start Multi-Point Calibration.............. 32
Sub-command Index 01: Collect Data for a Calibration Point ...................... 34
Sub-command Index 02: Calculate & Apply Correction Coefficients............ 36
Sub-command Index 03: Abort Multi-Point Calibration................................. 38
Read Tranducer Voltages (Command ‘V’)........................................................ 39
Calculate and Set Gains (Command ‘Z’) .......................................................... 41
Read Transducer A/D Counts (Command ‘a’).................................................. 43
Read High-Speed Data (Command ‘b’)............................................................ 45
Define/Control Autonomous Host Streams (Command ‘c’) .............................. 46
Sub-command Index 00: Configure a Host Delivery Stream........................ 48
Sub-command Index 01: Start Streams(s) ................................................... 52
Sub-command Index 02: Stop Stream(s) ..................................................... 54
Sub-command Index 03: Clear Stream(s) .................................................... 55
Sub-command Index 04: Return Stream Information ................................... 56
Sub-command Index 05: Select Data in a Stream ....................................... 58
Sub-command Index 06: Select Protocol for Stream Delivery ..................... 61
Calculate and Set Offsets (Command ‘h’) ........................................................ 63
Read Temperature Counts (Command ‘m’) ..................................................... 65
Read Temperature Voltages (Command ‘n’).................................................... 67
Read Module Status (Command ‘q’) ................................................................ 69
Read High-Precision Data (Command ‘r’) ........................................................ 72
Read Transducer Temperature (Command ‘t’)................................................. 74
Read Internal Coefficients (Command ‘u’)........................................................ 76
Download Internal Coefficients (Command ‘v’) ................................................ 80
Set/Do Operating Options/Functions (Command ‘w’)....................................... 83
UDP/IP Commands
Network Query (UDP/IP Command ‘psi9000’) ................................................. 87
Re-Boot Module (UDP/IP Command ‘psireboot’) ............................................. 89
Change Module’s IP Address Resolution Method & Re-Boot
(UDP/IP Command ‘psirarp’) ............................................................. 90
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Model 9116 User’s Manual
Table of Contents (continued)
Chapter 4: Calibration ........................................................................................................... 91
4.1
Introduction .................................................................................................................. 91
4.2
Re-Zero Calibration...................................................................................................... 93
4.2.1 Re-Zero Calibration Valve Control.................................................................... 93
4.2.2 Re-Zero Calibration Summary.......................................................................... 94
4.3
Span Calibration...........................................................................................................94
4.3.1 Span Calibration Valve Control ........................................................................ 95
4.3.2 Span Calibration Summary .............................................................................. 96
4.4
Integrated Multi-Point Calibration Adjustment .............................................................. 98
4.4.1 Multi-Point Calibration Valve Control................................................................ 98
4.4.2 Multi-Point Calibration Summary ...................................................................... 99
4.5
Coefficient Storage....................................................................................................... 100
4.6
Line Pressure Precautions ........................................................................................... 101
Chapter 5: Service ................................................................................................................. 102
5.1
Maintenance................................................................................................................. 102
5.1.1 Common Maintenance ..................................................................................... 104
5.1.2 Module Disassembly ........................................................................................ 105
5.1.3 Electronic Circuit Board Replacement.............................................................. 105
5.1.3.1 PC-327 Analog Board ......................................................................... 106
5.1.3.2 PC-322/323 Main Board/Power PC Daughter Board Assembly.......... 106
5.1.3.3 Remove and Replace PC-323 on PC-322........................................... 108
5.1.4 Replacement of Transducers ........................................................................... 109
5.1.5 Calibration Valve Solenoid Replacement ......................................................... 110
5.1.6 Replacement of O-Rings .................................................................................. 111
5.1.6.1 DH200 Pressure Transducer O-Ring Replacement ............................ 112
5.1.6.2 Tubing Plate O-Ring Replacement...................................................... 113
5.1.6.3 Adapter Plate O-Ring Replacement .................................................... 114
5.1.6.4 Calibration Manifold Piston O-Ring Replacement ............................... 115
5.1.6.5 Solenoid Valve O-Ring Replacement .................................................. 116
5.2
Upgrading Module Firmware........................................................................................ 117
5.2.1 Upgrading Firmware Via Host TCP/IP Port ...................................................... 117
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Model 9116 User’s Manual
Table of Contents (continued)
Chapter 6: Troubleshooting Guide...................................................................................... 118
6.1
Ethernet Module Troubleshooting ................................................................................ 118
6.1.1 Checking Module Power-Up Sequence............................................................ 118
6.1.2 Checking Module TCP/IP Communications ..................................................... 119
6.1.2.1 Module IP Address Assignment .......................................................... 119
6.1.2.2 Host IP Address Assignment for Windows® 95/98/2000/XP/NT......... 120
6.1.2.3 Verifying Host TCP/IP Communications.............................................. 121
6.2
Zero and Gain Calibration Troubleshooting ................................................................. 122
6.3
User Software ..............................................................................................................123
Chapter 7: Start-up Software ................................................................................................ 124
7.1
Introduction .................................................................................................................. 124
Appendices:
Appendix A:
Appendix B:
Appendix C:
Appendix D:
Appendix E:
Appendix F:
Appendix G:
Page v
All Commands – Quick Reference ..................................................................... 125
Model 9116 Response Error Codes ................................................................... 126
Cable Diagrams.................................................................................................. 127
9116 Mounting Dimensions................................................................................ 129
Model 9116 Range Codes.................................................................................. 130
NetScannerAppendix D: 9116 Mounting Dimensions........................................ 132
Binary Bit Map.................................................................................................... 133
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Pressure Systems, Inc.
Model 9116 User’s Manual
Preface
This manual describes the NetScanner™ System Intelligent Pressure Scanner module (Model
9116). It does not cover the pressure scanner Models 9016, 9021, 9022, the 98RK Scanner
Interface Rack, Model 9816 Intelligent Pressure Scanner, nor Models 903x (Pressure
Standards/Controllers. These products are covered in their individual User’s Manuals.
This manual is divided into six (6) chapters and several appendices, each covering a specific
topic. They are summarized below:
Chapter 1:
General Information
describes Model 9116 Intelligent Pressure
Scanner and its various options.
Chapter 2:
Installation and Set Up
describes the unpacking and inspection of a
module, and its connection to power, pressure,
and a communications network.
Chapter 3:
Programming & Operation
provides the information needed to program a
module from a host computer and to get
meaningful data from it.
Chapter 4:
Calibration
describes methods of calibrating a module.
Chapter 5:
Service
describes general safety precautions and
maintenance procedures.
Chapter 6:
Troubleshooting
describes module troubleshooting techniques.
Chapter 7:
Start-up Software
briefly describes NUSS software.
Appendix A:
Appendix B:
Appendix C:
Appendix D:
Appendix E:
Appendix F:
Appendix G:
All Commands — Quick Reference
Response Error Codes
Cable Diagrams
Module Mounting Dimensions
NetScanner System Range Codes
NetScanner™ System Products
Binary Bit Map
Page vi
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Pressure Systems, Inc.
Model 9116 User’s Manual
Our Company
Pressure Systems Incorporated, (PSI) develops, manufactures, and services level and pressure
measuring instruments where the highest level of traceable accuracy is required for aerospace,
industrial, municipal, and environmental applications. Our products have become the world
standard for electronic level and pressure measurement and scanning. We are committed to
the highest quality design, manufacture, and support of level and pressure instrumentation that
is in the best interest of our customers. PSI is an ISO-9001:2000 certified company.
Our Warranty
Pressure Systems, Inc., warrants NetScanner™ System products to be free of defects in
material and workmanship under normal use and service for one (1) year.
Technical Support
Monday through Friday, during normal working hours, (7:30 am through 5:30 pm, Eastern time)
knowledgeable personnel are available for assistance and troubleshooting. Contact the
Applications Support Group or the Customer Services Department at Pressure Systems
(757-865-1243 or toll free 1-800-328-3665) if your scanner is not operating properly or if you
have questions concerning any of our products. E-mail assistance is available by contacting
Applications@PressureSystems.com.
Merchandise Return Procedures
If your scanner needs to be returned to Pressure Systems, obtain a Returned Merchandise
Authorization (RMA) from the Customer Service Department.
Be prepared to supply the following information when requesting the RMA:
•
•
•
•
•
•
Part number
Serial number
Complete description of problems/symptoms
Bill To and Ship To address
Purchase order number (not required by PSI warranty repairs)
Customer contact and telephone number
The above information, including the RMA number must be on the customer’s shipping
documents that accompany the equipment to be repaired. PSI also requests that the outside of
the shipping container be labeled with the RMA number to assist in tracking the repairs. All
equipment should be sent to the following address:
ATTN: PSI REPAIR DEPARTMENT (7-digit RMA number)
Pressure Systems, Inc.
34 Research Drive
Hampton, Virginia 23666
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Model 9116 User’s Manual
PSI will return warranty items prepaid via UPS GROUND. If the customer desires another
method of return shipment, PSI will prepay and add the shipping charges to the repair bill.
Incoming freight charges are the customer’s responsibility. The customer is also responsible for
paying shipping charges to and from PSI for any equipment not under warranty.
All products covered under the PSI warranty policy will be repaired at no charge. An analysis
fee will be charged to quote the cost of repairing any item not under warranty. If, for any
reason, the customer decides not to have the item repaired, the analysis fee will still be
charged. If the quote is approved by the customer, the analysis fee will be waived. The quote
for repair will be based on the PSI flat rate for repair, calibration, and board replacement. When
these prices do not apply, the quote will be based on an hourly labor rate plus parts. All
replaced parts are warranted for 90 days from the date of shipment. The 90-day warranty is
strictly limited to parts replaced during the repair.
Website and E-Mail
Visit our website at www.PressureSystems.com to look at our new product releases, application
notes, product certifications, and specifications. E-mail your questions and comments to us:
Sales@PressureSystems.com.
Our Firmware
This manual was prepared for various versions of module firmware as were released at
the time of this manual publication. Addenda will be distributed as deemed necessary
by PSI. Any questions regarding firmware upgrades may be addressed to the
Applications Support Group. Firmware revisions, manual addenda, and utility
software may also be obtained from the PSI web page at www.PressureSystems.com.
Our Publication Disclaimer
This document is thoroughly edited and is believed to be thoroughly reliable. Pressure
Systems, Inc., assumes no liability for inaccuracies. All computer programs supplied
with your products are written and tested on available systems at the factory. PSI
assumes no responsibility for other computers, languages, or operating systems. PSI
reserves the right to change the specifications without notice.
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Pressure Systems, Inc.
Model 9116 User’s Manual
Chapter 1
General Information
1.1
Introduction
This User’s Manual will:
!
Explain the electrical and pneumatic pressure connections for the Model 9116 Intelligent
Pressure Scanner.
!
Provide computer set-up instructions to make a proper Ethernet connection on most
Windows® 95/98/XP/NT-based personal computers.
!
Instruct you on using the PSI start-up software to manipulate and acquire data from each
module.
!
Instruct you on how to program each module with computer software.
Model 9116 is a pneumatic Intelligent Pressure Scanner, with integral pressure transducers and
a pneumatic calibration manifold.
The Model 9116 provides engineering unit pressure data with guaranteed system accuracy.
This is achieved by reading factory-determined pressure and temperature engineering-unit data
conversion coefficients from its transducers’ nonvolatile memories at power-up. It also allows
additional adjustment coefficients to be “fine-tuned” with a multi-point calibration under host
control (e.g., possibly utilizing optional Pressure Systems 903x Pressure Calibrator modules).
Model 9116 provides an auto-configuring 10BaseT/100BaseT Ethernet communications port.
Half duplex/full duplex operation is also automatically configured. The Model 9116
communicates using the TCP/UDP/IP protocols.
The Model 9116 Intelligent Pressure Scanner is a component of a networked data acquisition
concept called the NetScanner™ System. Multiple NetScanner modules measuring a wide
variety of parameters can be networked to form a distributed intelligent data acquisition system.
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Model 9116 User’s Manual
Figure 1.1
Model 9116 Intelligent Pressure Scanner
1.2
Description of the Instrument
The Model 9116 is available with16 channels, each with individual pneumatic transducers per
channel. The most distinctive features are highlighted below:
●
Pre-calibrated Transducer - a memory chip containing full calibration data is embedded
within each internal transducer.
●
Individual transducer per measurement input channel - mixed transducer ranges may
be installed in a single Model 9116 module.
●
Low cost per point - per-channel cost is less than a typical industrial pressure
transducer/transmitter.
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Pressure Systems, Inc.
●
1.2.1
Model 9116 User’s Manual
High accuracy - Model 9116 pressure scanners are capable of accuracies up to
±0.05%. Accuracy is maintained through use of built-in re-zero, span, or multi-point
calibration capabilities. Accuracies are maintained for six (6) months after calibration.
●
Low thermal errors - each internal transducer contains an individual
temperature sensor and thermal calibration data for internal use by software
correction algorithms. Thermal errors are reduced as low as ±0.001%FS/ºC over
the calibrated temperature span.
●
Re-zero upon demand - an integrated calibration valve allows for automatic rezero adjustment calibration of dry gas transducers to null offset drift errors.
●
Ease of transducer replacement - factory calibrated transducer assemblies may
be stocked and rapidly replaced in the field. Storage of thermal coefficients
within the transducer allows for ‘plug and play’ transducer replacement.
●
Ease of calibration - each Model 9116 module contains a pneumatic
calibration manifold and software commands to automatically perform re-zero,
span, and multi-point adjustment calibrations. New offset and gain coefficients
that result from the most recent calibration may be stored in non-volatile
transducer memory.
●
Ease of use - modules have simple command sets and provide engineering units
output. They may interface directly to a desktop or laptop computer or they may
be interconnected into a large network controlled by many types of host
computers.
●
Connectivity - use of industry-standard communications network protocols to
control and read data from NetScanner™ System modules allows distribution to
the point of measurement and ensures compatibility with third party hardware
and software.
Differences Between Models 9016 and 9116
The all new electronics of the Model 9116 reduces data acquisition noise and capture latency,
while actually improving channel settling time and boosting data throughput. Additionally, the
Ethernet interface has been upgraded to 10BaseT/100BaseT with half and full duplex
capabilities to provide significant flexibility in network configuration. The Ethernet interface is
completely auto-configuring, ensuring the best utilization of network capabilities, while ensuring
the maximum backward compatibility. The trigger circuitry has been upgraded to allow triggering
on positive, negative, or both transitions of the trigger signal. By configuring the Model 9116 to
trigger on both transitions, the Model 9116 can be integrated into existing systems, providing
twice the data throughput for most users, without modification to the system trigger circuit.
The firmware in the Model 9116 implements the Model 9016 command set further simplifying
use with existing systems. In fact, the Model 9116 can be configured to report its identity as a
Model 9016 to ensure compatibility with system software that is sensitive to the reported model
type.
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Model 9116 User’s Manual
Consolidated below are the new commands added to the Model 9016 command set, as well as
differences in existing commands, command parameters, or command responses:
Set Module type alias: w3200 xxxx
See the ‘SET/DO OPTION/FUNCTIONS’ (command ‘w’)’ in Section 3.2.
Configures the Model 9116 to report its model type as Model 9116 or as a
Model 9016 for compatibility with model type sensitive system software.
Set Hardware Trigger Mode: w320x
See the ‘SET/DO OPTION/FUNCTIONS’ (command ‘w’)’ in Section 3.2.
Configures the trigger to response to positive going, negative going, or to
any transition on the trigger input.
Query the Hardware Trigger Mode: q32
See the ‘READ MODULE STATUS’ (command ‘q’)’ in Section 3.2.
The Model 9116 will respond with a 1, 2, or 3 indicating, respectively, that its
trigger is set to respond to a positive going, negative going or to any
transition on the trigger input. The Model 9016 will respond to this command
with an ‘N08’.
Query the Module Hardware Version: w31
See the ‘READ MODULE STATUS’ (command ‘q’)’ in Section 3.2.
The Model 9116 will report the version of hardware present as a floating
point number of the format x.xxxxxx The Model 9016 will respond to this
command with a ‘N08’.
Modifications to existing commands, (See Section 3.2):
In the ‘CONFIGURE A HOST DELIVERY STREAM’ (command ‘c’), the sync delay
can now be set as small as 2 milliseconds and the granularity is 2 milliseconds with
all other values rounded down to the nearest 2 milliseconds. This value was 10
milliseconds in the Model 9016.
In the Set Number of A/D Samples to Average, (command ‘w’). the minimum
value and the default value is 4. The interleaved instrumentation amplifiers utilized
in the Model 9116 allows it to provide the same throughput with one to four
averages. With the quieter electronics of the Model 9116 and no speed advantage
for lower numbers of averaged samples, the minimum and default is set to four.
Valid values are 4, 8, 16, 32, and 64. Other values below 64 are rounded up to the
next valid value listed above.”
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Model 9116 User’s Manual
Additional enhancements to the Model 9116
Software Scan List Speeds:
Software Scan lists can be run as fast as hardware trigger scan lists on the
Model 9116 (~500 Hz. See specification sheet). The Model 9016 was
limited to 100 Hz maximum software trigger scan lists.
Firmware Updates/Boot Loader:
The firmware in the Model 9116 may be updated in situ, over its Ethernet
connection. This is the preferred method for updating the firmware and may
be invoked at any time. (See Section 5.2.1).
The user must connect to the updated module. Establishing a TCP/IP
connection is the last step in validating a successful firmware update. If the
unit is power-cycled four times without establishing a TCP/IP connection, the
firmware update will be tagged as invalid. The Model 9116 contains a
protected resident boot loader that will then take over operation of the
module. The resident boot loader resides in protected memory. It monitors
the state of the firmware and the operation of any downloads. Even in the
event of a power failure during a firmware update, upon return of power, the
resident boot loader will be available, and will establish communications for
downloading new firmware. The user can determine that the Model 9116 is
in boot loader mode by observing that the firmware version reported by the
module is less than 1.0 In boot loader mode, the Model 9116 will return an
‘N08’ in response to the ‘a’, ‘c’, ‘m’, ‘n’, ‘r’, and ‘t’ commands.
1.3
Options
1.3.1
Pressure Ranges
Model 9116 contains sixteen (16) DH200 transducers. These transducers are available with full
scale pressure ranges from 10" H2O (inches of water column) to 750 psid (2.5 kPa to 5200
kPa). Transducers with different pressure ranges may be combined in a single module.
Please consult the Sales Department at Pressure Systems for availability of other pressure
ranges (1-800-678-SCAN (7226)).
1.3.2
Manifolds and Pressure Connections
Model 9116 sixteen-channel Intelligent Pressure Scanners are available with a true differential
or common reference pneumatic manifold, and have a standard purge and leak check manifold.
They are available with standard 1/8" or optional 1/16" and 1/4" compression fittings. All fittings
utilize an SAE 5/16 - 24 O-ring boss which supports a variety of other adapter compression
fittings. They are also available with a quick disconnect plate which contains 0.063" bulge
tubulation. The common differential version is available with all choices of fittings. The true
differential version is available with 0.063" bulged tubulation fittings only.
Consult the Sales Department at Pressure Systems at 1-800-678-SCAN (7226) for availability of
other input fittings.
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1.3.3
Model 9116 User’s Manual
Communication Interfaces
All standard NetScanner™ System Intelligent Pressure Scanners provide temperature
compensated and linearized pressure data in engineering units via digital methods. They have a
10BaseT Ethernet host communications interface using industry standard TCP/IP or UDP/IP
protocol. This interface provides high data transfer rates and system connectivity. The Model
9116 adds auto-configuring 10BaseT/100BaseT, half duplex/full duplex capabilities for improved
network flexibility.
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Model 9116 User’s Manual
Chapter 2
Installation and Set Up
2.1
Unpacking and Inspection
The NetScanner™ System product family has many components which may be purchased
either as an entire system, or as individual pieces of equipment. Before assembling the system,
use the shipping bill as a reference to ensure that all parts have arrived. Pressure Systems
takes no responsibility for equipment that is damaged during shipment. If containers are
broken, ripped, or damaged, contact the transportation carrier. If the equipment itself appears
to be damaged, contact the Repair Department at Pressure Systems.
Each Model 9116 Intelligent Pressure Scanner shipment will contain the following minimum
components:
• Model 9116 Intelligent Pressure Scanner module
• Start-up software CD-ROM
• Model 9116 User’s Manual for Intelligent Pressure Scanners CD-ROM
2.2
Safety Considerations
It is always a good idea to wear safety glasses when operating this equipment or when working
with pressurized lines. Always ensure that high pressure lines are properly secured and that all
pneumatic lines are rated for the proper pressure and temperature environments.
All system power should be OFF during installation (or removal) of any components in a
NetScanner™ System module. Failure to turn power OFF prior to installation may cause
permanent damage to the module. Use caution and check line voltages before applying power
to the module.
2.3
Preparation for Use
2.3.1
Environment
All standard Intelligent Pressure Scanners are factory calibrated to be accurate over a specified
temperature range, but may be operated or stored over a wider temperature range (see
Environmental/Physical Specifications in the Model 9116 Data Sheet. Operating or storing
an instrument outside its specified range(s) will result in a loss of measurement accuracy and
may cause permanent damage to the instrument electronics.
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Model 9116 User’s Manual
WARNING: Exceeding the specified storage or operating temperatures may result
in permanent damage to the Model 9116 electronics.
2.3.2
Power
The Model 9116 Intelligent Pressure Scanner needs only a single unregulated power supply.
See the Model 9116 Data Sheet for actual power requirements.
Model 9116 has a single round, ruggedized connector through which all power and input/output
signals pass as shown in Figure 2.1.
WARNING: Improper connection of power to the Intelligent Pressure Scanner can
result in permanent damage to module electronics.
Figure 2.1
9116 Power Pin Assignments
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2.3.3
Model 9116 User’s Manual
Mounting and Module Dimensions
See the Model 9116 Data Sheet for exact dimensions of the module. A detailed mechanical
drawing is also included in Appendix E.
2.3.4
Network Communications Hookup
Every NetScanner™ System Intelligent Pressure Scanner contains a Host Port, allowing it to be
interconnected in a network with other modules and a host computer. Model 9116 has an
Ethernet Host Port using TCP/IP and UDP/IP transmission protocols.
2.3.4.1
Ethernet Host Port Hookup
The Ethernet Host port of every Model 9116 Intelligent Pressure Scanner module, and its host
computer, may be interconnected in a “star” network via a standard 10BaseT or 100BaseT, half
or full duplex hub or switch. These standard devices will have their own power requirements.
Hubs will treat the host computer connection and all NetScanner™ System module connections
alike. Switches may provide, or negotiate different speeds and/or different handshaking on its
various ports. The Model 9116 will auto-negotiate through the hub or with the switch, for a half
or full duplex connection at 10BaseT or 100BaseT speeds, establishing the best connection
available. Ethernet communications pin assignments for the Model 9116 electrical connector
are shown in Figure 2.2. See Figure 2.3 for typical network topology.
Figure 2.2
Ethernet Host Port Connector Pins
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Model 9116 User’s Manual
The host and each module must have a unique Ethernet Hardware Address (a.k.a. MAC
Address) and a unique IP Address. The Ethernet Hardware address is generally fixed (at
manufacturing time of the Ethernet microprocessor board inside the module). The Ethernet
Hardware address is shown on each module’s label. The Ethernet Intelligent Pressure
Scanners are capable of supporting various methods for IP address assignment, using either
the factory default (static IP addressing) or user-configured Static IP addressing or Dynamic IP
address assignment. Dynamic IP address assignment is through the use of RARP or BOOTP
protocols. Unless your application requires the use of Dynamic IP address assignments, it is
strongly suggested that the module be left configured for the Static IP address protocol. This
default method is typically the simplest method for using the Intelligent Pressure
Scanner.
In the Static IP addressing mode, the module will use a factory default IP address on power-up.
This default address is set to 200.20x.yyy.zzz where x is derived from the module type (0 for
Model 9116 and 1 for 9021/9022) and yyy.zzz is derived from the module serial number. A
similar method is used to calculate each module’s Ethernet hardware address shown on the
module tag. Note that each of these fields (separated by a period, ‘.’) is a decimal
representation of a byte value. This means that each field may have a maximum value of 255.
For Model 9116 modules, the default IP address will be 200.200.y.zzz where y and zzz are
calculated as follows:
y is the integer result of dividing the module serial number by 256.
zzz is the remainder of dividing the serial number by 256 (serial number modulus 256).
These calculations may be verified by checking that y * 256 + zzz equals the original module
serial number. Once a module has powered-up and has assigned itself a default IP address, it
is capable of communications.
An alternate method for assigning an IP address to an Ethernet module is referred to as a
Dynamic IP assignment. This method allows a module to have its IP address dynamically
assigned at power-up by an application running on a node of the TCP/IP or UDP/IP network.
When configured for Dynamic IP address assignment protocols, the reset module will broadcast
its Ethernet hardware (MAC) address on the network in a Dynamic IP request packet. This
broadcast packet identifies the module by its hardware address and requests that a dynamic IP
server application return to it an IP address for use. Once this broadcast message is received,
the dynamic server application will then return an IP address to the module in a dynamic IP
reply packet. Most dynamic IP server applications determine this IP address from a user
maintained file that lists Ethernet hardware addresses with their desired IP address. If modules
are added to the network or module IP addresses are to be changed, the user can simply edit
this configuration file. This capability is common on most UNIX based machines and is also
available (although less common) in some TCP/IP packages available for PC platforms.
Support of the Dynamic IP server protocol is not currently included in the Windows® 95/98/XP or
Windows® NT operating systems. In order to allow users of PC platforms to make use of the
Dynamic IP capabilities of the Model 9116, a simple Windows® 95/98/XP/NT application was
developed by Pressure Systems which is capable of acting as a Dynamic IP server. This
application is referred to as BOOTP Lite since it actually makes use of the BOOTP protocol that
closely resembles the Dynamic IP request. Like traditional dynamic IP servers, this application
allows the user to configure a file that contains Ethernet hardware addresses and the
corresponding IP address to assign to those devices. This application is free of charge and
capable of running as a background program on Windows® 95/98 and NT machines. It may be
downloaded from the PSI home page, www.PressureSystems.com.
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Model 9116 User’s Manual
Use of Static or Dynamic IP settings may be selected through the Set Operating Options ('w')
command. If you are unsure how your module is configured, check the Tx LED during module
power-up. If it begins to blink periodically after the module power-up, your instrument is
configured for the Dynamic IP assignment protocol. (Tx LED remains OFF in static IP
configuration.) If configured for Dynamic IP assignment, a dynamic server must be configured
on the network to return an IP address to the module. Without an IP address, the host will be
unable to open a TCP/IP or UDP/IP connection to the module.
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Note
Obtaining the maximum performance of an Ethernet network is a
complex process, involving many tradeoffs and is best performed by
IT professionals or other personnel familiar with Ethernet
parameters, topologies, and equipment capabilities. See Pressure
Systems Web site (www.PressureSystems.com) for application
notes and characteristics of the Model 9116 together with some
hints for its use in high-speed, high-volume Ethernet networks.
Note
After closing the TCP/IP connection to the Model 9116, the host must
wait 10 seconds before re-connecting.
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Figure 2.3
Ethernet Network Topology
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2.3.5
Model 9116 User’s Manual
Diagnostic Port Hookup
Each NetScanner™ System module contains a Diagnostic Port that supports diagnostic and
operational functions. The Diagnostic Port has only a simple RS-232 asynchronous serial
interface. The connections are made via certain pins of its common circular connector. Cable
connection should be made according to Table 2.1.
Table 2.1
Diagnostic Port Wiring
NetScanner™ System
Diagnostic Port Connector
GND
Tx
Rx
The RS-232 interface is capable of supporting simple asynchronous communications with fixed
parameters of 9600 baud, no parity, 8 data bits, and 1 stop bit. Only communication cable
lengths less than 30 feet (10 m) are recommended.
The Model 9116 uses the diagnostic interface for optional configuration and diagnostic
purposes only. The diagnostic port functions on the Model 9116 is generally not required by the
end user. Standard cables for this module do not include diagnostic port connections.
2.3.6
Pressure Connections
All pneumatic connections to Model 9116 are found on the instrument top panel. The function
of each input port is clearly engraved or printed next to each input. Connections are through
bulge tubing, compression fittings, or special user-supplied fittings on the tubing plate. All
pneumatic inputs to the Model 9116 should contain only dry, non-corrosive gas.
All Model 9116 standard Intelligent Pressure Scanners are supplied with the purge/leak check
calibration manifold. Through software commands, this valve may be placed in one of four
positions; RUN, CAL, PURGE, or LEAK-CHARGE. Pneumatic input requirements for these
four operating positions are described in the following sections.
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Model 9116 User’s Manual
The following guidelines should be used when installing pressure connections to the Model
9116 Intelligent Pressure Scanner modules.
●
Always wear safety glasses when working with pressurized lines.
●
Ensure that user input pressure will not exceed the proof pressure ratings of
the corresponding instrument transducer. Applying excessive pressure to
measurement inputs can permanently damage the pressure transducers.
●
Ensure that all tubing material is rated for the expected pressure and
environmental conditions. Failure to use the proper tubing material may
result in ruptured lines and possible personal injury.
●
Ensure all high pressure lines are properly secured.
●
Place retaining springs over all bulge tube fittings to ensure pneumatic lines
remain attached and leak free. Springs should be pushed down on
connections so that half of the spring length extends past the tube bulge.
Warning: Introduction of contaminants or corrosive materials to the module
pneumatic inputs may damage module transducers, manifolds, and O-ring seals.
2.3.6.1
RUN Mode Inputs
The standard pneumatic tubing plate for the Model 9116 contains sixteen numbered pneumatic
input channels. These numbered inputs are attached to corresponding pressure transducers
inside the instrument and should be pneumatically attached to the pressure measurement
points under test.
The standard tubing plate also contains an input labeled RUN REF. The RUN REF input is
pneumatically connected to the reference side of all internal DH200 pressure transducers. The
RUN REF connection is used for situations where all channels have one reference pressure.
The reference pressure may be as high as 250 PSI (1720 kPa). See the Model 9116 Data
Sheet for detailed specifications. This input may also be left unattached to provide atmospheric
reference pressure.
When using instruments with the reference per channel option (true differential), two pneumatic
inputs will be provided for every numbered channel. These inputs are labeled ‘P’ and ‘R’. The
‘P’ connection is the test pressure input. The ‘R’ connection is the transducer reference input
pressure. Since each channel has its own reference pressure input, the RUN REF input is not
provided on the true differential tubing plate.
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2.3.6.2
Model 9116 User’s Manual
CAL Mode Inputs
The Model 9116 tubing plates contain inputs labeled CAL and CAL REF. When the module’s
internal calibration valve is placed in the CAL/RE-ZERO position, all DH200 transducer
pressure inputs are pneumatically connected to the CAL input port. All DH200 reference inputs
are pneumatically connected to the CAL REF input port. The CAL input may be used to
perform on-line zero adjustment of the transducers. The CAL input may also be used for DH200
span adjustment calibrations and accuracy tests if appropriate pressure calibrators (such as the
903x series) are available. Span calibration of multi-range scanners may also utilize the CAL
port if the highest applied pressure does not exceed the proof pressure rating of any other
installed transducer, otherwise the individual transducers must be calibrated with the valve in
the RUN position.
When the internal calibration valve is in the CAL/RE-ZERO position, the RUN inputs (RUN REF
and numbered input ports) are pneumatically dead-ended to prevent migration of contaminants
into the instrument.
2.3.6.3
PURGE Mode Inputs
All standard Model 9116s contain a purge/leak check option. The purge option allows users to
apply positive pressure to the PURGE input which will then be vented out of the user input
ports, forcing contaminants (such as moisture) out of the pneumatic input lines. Note that on
common reference Model 9116 scanners, only the numbered input ports will be purged
(RUN REF is not purged). True differential Model 9116 scanners will purge both the run and
reference input ports for all channels. The purge supply provided to the Model 9116 must
always be a higher pressure than the highest pressure present on the input ports of the
module. The purge supply must also be capable of maintaining proper purge pressure at
the high flow rates encountered while the module is in the purge mode.
Warning:
Failure to provide proper purge supply pressure will result in
migration of moisture and contaminants into the Model 9116 module which can
result in permanent damage to module components.
When commanded into the PURGE position, the purge input pressure will be connected to the
numbered measurement input ports allowing for a flow of air away from the instrument. The
purge cycle should be terminated by commanding the Model 9116 into a non-purge mode such
as CAL. Purge cycles should never be terminated by turning off the purge supply air
while in the purge position.
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2.3.6.4
Model 9116 User’s Manual
LEAK Mode Inputs
The purge/leak charge valve design includes a leak check feature capable of testing the
integrity of user pneumatic connections as well as those within the Model 9116 module. For the
leak mode to be used, all RUN mode pressure inputs must be dead ended (closed) by the user.
When the Model 9116 is commanded into the LEAK-CHARGE position, the CAL input port will
be pneumatically connected to module run side inputs. Common reference modules will
connect only the numbered run side inputs to CAL (RUN REF is not charged). True differential
(reference per port) modules will connect both the measurement input and reference port to
CAL. While in the LEAK-CHARGE position, a test pressure may be applied through the CAL
port which will charge the dead ended run side tubulation.
Note
Test pressures applied to the CAL port during the leak check
operation must not exceed the full scale pressure of any internal
transducers.
Once the lines are charged, the Model 9116 may be commanded back to the RUN position.
This will reattach the charged run side lines to their corresponding internal transducer.
Consecutive pressure readings from the Model 9116 will now allow user calculation of the line
leak rates. Once returned to the RUN position, lack of a pressure indicates a gross leak. A
slowly declining pressure indicates a slight leak. A leak is more difficult to detect as tubing
volume increases. In the case of true differential units where both sides of the sensor are
pressurized with the leak test pressure, an initial differential pressure of 0.0 psi should be
measured when the unit is placed in the RUN position. If the measurement or RUN side of the
channel leaks at a rate greater than the reference side, a resulting negative differential pressure
will be measured. Likewise, if the reference port tubing leaks at a rate greater than the
measurement side, a resulting positive differential pressure will be measured.
2.3.6.5
Supply Air
The Model 9116 modules require an 80 psig minimum dry air (or inert gas) supply which is used
to shift the internal calibration valve between its different positions. Each module contains a
fitting marked “SUPPLY” for this input. Internal solenoid valves direct this supply pressure to
the proper control port on the calibration valve as required by instrument commands. The
absence of sufficient supply air to the module will prevent the calibration valve from shifting into
requested positions (i.e., RUN, CAL, PURGE, LEAK-CHARGE).
WARNING! Supply air should not exceed 125 psi (875 kPa). Excessive pressure
may damage the internal solenoids.
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2.3.7
Model 9116 User’s Manual
Case Grounding
The Model 9116 module contains a case bypass capacitor which allows the module case to be
mounted on hardware with a small common mode line voltage (less than 20 Volts).
2.3.8
Trigger Input Signal
Model 9116 supports the use of a data acquisition synchronization signal, sometimes called
“Hardware Trigger.” When configured through the Define/Control Host Stream (‘c’) command,
the trigger signal can be used to initiate and synchronize data acquisition and stream outputs to
the host.
The trigger signal is intended to be a 2-wire differential signal brought in through the Model
9116 main electrical connector. The signal may be driven by a standard TTL compatible device.
The switching threshold for this signal is set at 2.5 VDC.
2.3.9
Power Up Checks and Self-Diagnostics
Upon power-up of the module, the internal firmware will perform a number of self-diagnostic
checks. The results of these tests are reflected by the ‘OK’ LED on the top panel. The Model
9116 module completes the power up and self diagnostic.
See Chapter 6, Troubleshooting Guide for additional information and potential problem areas
during the power-up sequence.
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Model 9116 User’s Manual
Chapter 3
Programming and Operation
3.1
Commands & Responses
3.1.1
Introduction
This chapter describes all commands a host computer program may send to a Model 9116
Intelligent Pressure Scanner module, as well as the data or status responses returned by the
module. Most applications require a working knowledge of only a small number of these
commands.
Model 9116 has an Ethernet interface, and uses layered TCP/IP or UDP/IP transmission
protocols to communicate with a host computer. All commands/responses to/from Model 9116
modules are embedded in the data fields of either a TCP or UDP packet header. In turn, these
packets are themselves embedded in the data field of an IP packet header, which is embedded
in the data field of an Ethernet packet header. Thus, the term layered protocols.
3.1.1.1
TCP/UDP/IP Protocols
Both TCP/IP and UDP/IP protocols are a well-established set of rules for communicating over a
network (LAN, intranet, or internet), and are independent of the network’s physical medium. All
the modules use the TCP/IP protocols for most commands and responses since the TCP layer
provides a robust error detection and correction mechanism. TCP/IP requires a formal
connection be established between host and module. The simpler UDP layer, requiring no
formal connection, is utilized for a subset of commands and query responses.
Using the underlying basic IP protocol, the host computer and interconnected modules are all
“peers” that can communicate equally. Each “peer” must have its own unique “logical” IP
Address (as well as its own unique “physical” Ethernet Address) to be directly addressed. Any
“peer” may initiate transmissions without permission from the receiver. In the NetScanner™
System implementation, the host computer is normally a client and generally initiates most
transmissions by sending commands to the modules, which are normally servers. However, a
module can initiate its own transmissions in some operating modes (e.g., the hardwaretriggered or free-run autonomous host streams generated by the Configure/Control
Autonomous Host Streams (‘c’) command).
A “peer” may be directly addressed by its IP address (in xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx format), or by use of a
predefined logical name that allows its IP Address to be looked-up in the sender’s database or
in a central network server’s database. The Windows® 95/98/XP/NT operating systems provide
a simple text file database called “Hosts.” Review the file “Hosts.sam” in the “C:\windows”
directory. Modify and rename it “Hosts.” (no file extension) to activate it.
Before the host computer and any module can communicate with the higher level TCP/IP
protocols, the host (client) must request a connection be established with the module (server).
Each module expects all such requests for connection to be requested by its IP Address, and
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Model 9116 User’s Manual
directed to “well-known” port 9000 (default). After the connection is made, a socket is
established as a logical handle to this connection. The host and module may then
communicate, via this socket, until it is closed or is lost at either module or host end, due to
power failure or reboot). The host and module may also communicate in a limited fashion
without a connection, using the middle-level UDP/IP protocols. In that case, the host simply
broadcasts commands via port 7000, and each module (that chooses to respond) returns the
response on port 7001. Only a few commands use UDP/IP in Model 9116 modules.
3.1.2
Commands
The commands (and responses) used by Model 9116 modules consist of short strings of ASCII
characters. The TCP/IP and UDP/IP protocols allow for the transfer of either printable ASCII
characters or binary data. When using certain formats, internal binary data values are often
converted to ASCII-hex digit strings externally. Such values may include the ASCII number
characters ‘0’ through ‘9,’ the uppercase ASCII characters ‘A’ through ‘F,’ and the lowercase
letters ‘a’ through ‘f’.’ These hex values may represent bit maps of individual options, or actual
integer or floating point (IEEE) binary data values. In other cases (see optional format 7 below)
binary data may be transmitted directly as 4-byte (32-bit) binary values without any formatting
change. Such binary transmissions use big-endian (default) byte ordering but may be
commanded to use little-endian for some data.
3.1.2.1
General Command Format
A typical TCP/IP command (contained in the data field following a TCP packet header) is a
variable-length character string with the following general fields:
! a 1-character command letter (c).
! an optional position field (pppp), a variable length string of hexadecimal digits.
! a variable number of optional datum fields ( dddd): each a variable length string, normally
formatted as a decimal number (with a leading space character, and with or without sign
and/or decimal point, as needed).
Using brackets ( [ ] ) to show optional elements, and ellipsis ( ...) to show indefinite repetition, a
typical TCP/IP command may be viewed schematically as follows:
“c[[[[p]p]p]p][ dddd][ dddd]...]”
From this schematic, it should be clear that the command letter (c) is required, the position field
(pppp) immediately follows it, and may have 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4 characters, and there may be zero
or more datum fields ( dddd), as required. For simplicity, the variable length nature of each “
dddd” string is not shown [with brackets] above, but the required leading space character is
shown. The position field is similarly simplified (as “pppp”) below.
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Model 9116 User’s Manual
A typical UDP/IP command (contained in the data field following a UDP packet header) is also a
variable length character string, but has a simpler format. Generally, it has a variable length
command string (cccccc), followed by one optional datum ( dddd) field (preceded by one space
character):
“cccccc[ dddd]”
Since there are only a few simple UDP/IP commands, all references to commands below should
assume TCP/IP commands, unless otherwise indicated.
3.1.2.2
Command Field
All Model 9116 scanners recognize a set of predefined commands. Most are TCP/IP
commands, having only a single alphabetic letter for a command field. These are recognized
only when a formal socket connection is established with the host computer. A few are UDP/IP
commands with a longer command field. These are recognized any time the module has power
applied. All commands are functionally summarized in the following sections and detailed in
reference Section 3.2.
3.1.2.3
Position Field
The Model 9116 Intelligent Pressure Scanner may contain up to sixteen (16) separate
input/output channels. When commands affect certain channels scanned by the module, the
position field is used to identify those channels as bits in a bit map. If a channel’s corresponding
bit in the position field is set to a one (1), then that channel is affected by the command. The
least-significant (rightmost) bit 0 corresponds to Channel 1, and the most-significant (leftmost)
bit 15 corresponds to Channel 16. Since neither model has more than sixteen (16) channels,
the position field will usually be 16-bits, represented by four (4) ASCII-hex characters in the
command. For example, only Channels 16 and 1 are selected below in this 16-bit (4-character)
position field:
Bit#
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Chan#
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Binary
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
Hex
8
0
0
1
The above position field, with all applicable bits set (i.e., FFFF for 16-channel module), specifies
all channels. However, a module-independent variation allows a missing position field to
designate all channels — but only when there are no other parameters following the position
field in the command. For such commands, the hex position field may be reduced to 3, 2, or 1
characters when no channel bits need be set (1) in the discarded high-order characters
(nibbles).
Note
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3.1.2.4
Model 9116 User’s Manual
Datum Fields
Any datum fields in a command generally contain data to be sent to the module, usually
specified by a position field bit map. In some commands (when data are received from a module
instead) no datum fields are required in the command itself but the position field bit map is still
used to specify the order that data are returned in the command’s response. In either case, the
order bits are set (to 1) in the position field bit map (highest channel # to lowest channel#, left to
right) is the order these datum fields are received or sent.
Each datum field may be variable in length, whether part of the command itself or the
command’s response. In its most common format, a datum begins with a space character (‘ ’),
and is followed by an optional sign, decimal digits, and a decimal point, as needed (e.g., ‘ vv.vvvvvv’). For other formats it may be a hex digit string or pure binary number.
3.1.2.5
Format Field
Some commands, that either send data to a module (as command parameters), or cause the
host to receive data (via command’s response), have an extra format parameter (f digit)
appended to (or specified in) the position field. This parameter, when specified (or implied by
default), governs how internal data are converted to/from external (user-visible) form.
• The most common format (f=0) causes each datum (in command or response) to be
represented as printable ASCII numbers externally (with optional sign and decimal point
as needed). Internally, the module sets/obtains each converted datum to/from a single
precision binary (32-bit) IEEE float
• Some formats (f=1, 2, 5) encode/decode the internal binary format to/from ASCII
hexadecimal external form. Some of these “hex dump” formats provide an external hex
bit map of the internal binary value (float or integer as appropriate). Format 5 may
encode/decode the internal float value to/from an intermediate scaled binary integer
(e.g., float value * 1000 into integer, then to/from a hex bit map).
• Two special “binary dump” formats (f=7 and f=8) may be used by some commands to
accept/return binary data directly from/to the user’s command/response. Such values
are not user-readable in their external form, but are directly machine readable and
provide highly compact storage without any accuracy loss due to formatting. Use of
these formats allows both the module and host program to operate in their most efficient,
low overhead mode. Format 7 returns the most significant byte first (i.e., big endian).
Format 8 returns the least significant byte first (i.e., little endian).
See the individual command descriptions for the formats a particular command recognizes.
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3.1.3
Model 9116 User’s Manual
Responses
Four (4) types of responses can be returned from a Model 9116 Intelligent Pressure
Scanner module:
•
•
•
•
an Error response,
an Acknowledge response,
an Acknowledge with Data response, or
a Network Query response.
The first three may be returned by TCP/IP commands, the latter from a UDP/IP command.
The error response consists of the letter ‘N’ (for NAK, or negative acknowledge), followed by a
2-digit hexadecimal error code. The following table lists the error codes that can be returned
from a Model 9116 module:
Table 3.1
Error Codes
CODE
MEANING
00
(Unused)
01
Undefined Command Received
02
Unused by TCP/IP
03
Input Buffer Overrun
04
Invalid ASCII Character Received
05
Data Field Error
06
Unused by TCP/IP
07
Specified Limits Invalid
08
NetScanner error; invalid parameter
09
Insufficient source air to shift calibration valve
0A
Calibration valve not in requested position
The Acknowledge response is returned from a module when a command is received that
requires no data to be returned, and no error is detected. It indicates successful parsing and
execution of the last received command. It consists of the letter ‘A’ (for ACK, or acknowledge).
The Acknowledge with Data response is returned when a module receives a command
requesting data. Model 9116 modules will typically return only the requested data values, each
preceded by a space character (except for format 7). No ‘A’ acknowledge letter begins this
data response. Data are returned for the highest requested channel number first.
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3.1.3.1
Model 9116 User’s Manual
Interpreting Offset Values (Re-zero Calibration Adjustment)
When a module is instructed to execute the command Calculate and Set Offsets (‘h’), a datum
corresponding to the calculated offset correction term (or coefficient) is returned for each
affected channel. Each such coefficient value is stored internally, and will be subtracted in all
subsequently calculated data conversions, to correct for zero drift effects. The command only
returns them in the response (in current engineering units (EU) of pressure) to allow the user to
make reasonableness checks on them. The Read Internal Coefficients (‘u’) command will
return them on demand.
3.1.3.2
Interpreting Gain Values (Span Calibration Adjustment)
When a module is instructed to execute the command Calculate and Set Gains (‘Z’), a datum
corresponding to the calculated gain correction term (or coefficient) is returned for each
affected channel. Like the offset coefficient, each gain coefficient is stored internally, and will
be used in all subsequently calculated data conversions, to correct for gain change effects. The
command returns them in the response (as a unitless scale factor near 1.0) to allow the user to
make reasonableness checks on them. The Read Internal Coefficients (‘u’) command will
return them on demand.
3.1.3.3
Interpreting Engineering Units Output
All modules perform all internal pressure calculations in engineering units of pounds per square
inch (psi). By default, all pressure data in responses and command parameters will also be in
psi. A different engineering unit (e.g., kPa) may be obtained by changing an internal EU
Pressure Conversion Scaler (normally 1.0). See the “Read/Download Internal Coefficients”
(‘u’/‘v’) commands (array 11, coefficient 01). Change this default multiplier value (1.0) to obtain
units other than psi.
3.1.4
Functional Command Overview
The various commands for Model 9116 modules are best introduced by classifying them into
functional groups and then describing how each function is carried out in a typical system. The
following functions are defined for this purpose:
•
•
•
•
•
Start-up Initialization
Scan List Definition for Acquisition
Calibration Adjustment of Engineering Unit Correction Coefficients
Acquisition/Delivery of Data to Host
Network Query and Control
Please look ahead to Table 3.1, labeled Model 9116 Intelligent Pressure Scanner
Commands, in Section 3.2, for a quick-look summary of all commands available to the Model
9116 modules. Each command may be referenced by both its functional title and by its
command id in the functional discussion sub-sections below.
The Detailed Command Description Reference immediately follows the table in Section 3.2,
with each command description occupying a page (or more if necessary). Command
descriptions in this section (as in the table) are ordered first by type (TCP/IP then UDP/IP), then
by “command id” in ASCII order (UPPERCASE letters (A .. Z) first, then lowercase letters (a ..
z)) .
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3.1.4.1
Model 9116 User’s Manual
Startup Initialization
Since power supplies may be distributed widely across a network of modules and host
computer(s), it is not uncommon for modules (singly or together) and the host to lose power
independently. Thus, their power may be restored at different times. Startup initialization, for
every module, must normally be performed when its power is restored, as each module enters
default states after power-up, which may not be the state the host computer had previously
been operating in. Any previous TCP/IP socket connection is also lost after power failure and
must be re-established between host and module before any TCP/IP commands can be
recognized by the module. These commands are generally used to detect that startup
initialization has occurred (or to force reset at other times), after which other commands may be
used to restore the original operating condition.
With Model 9116 modules, the Power-Up Clear (‘A’) command is used as a simple command
to elicit a known response from a module. Although this causes no internal function within the
module, it will result in an acknowledgment being returned to the host computer to verify proper
communications. The best way to detect that a power reset has occurred in a module is to
notice that the TCP/IP socket connection is no longer valid. At any point during module
operation, the Reset (‘B’) command may be used to return any module to its default “reset”
state. If the module is then required to enter any other states (that were previously programmed
for it by the host), the host must then restore these states accordingly using the appropriate
commands. This reset command simply returns internal software parameters to a default state
(as after power up or reboot). It will not close the existing TCP/IP socket (as will power up or
reboot).
The Set/Do Operating Options/Functions (‘w’) command has many purposes, but may first
be utilized during the module initialization stage. It may also be executed at any time during
data acquisition. However, some non-factory-default options of ‘w’ may become the new reset
default, if a particular function is used to establish them in non-volatile memory.
If any form of the Configure/Control Autonomous Host Streams (‘c’) command or the
Configure/Control Multi-Point Calibration (‘C’) command was in use before reset, it must be
executed again after the reset to restore it. Any other command, that establishes the module in
a non-default reset state, must be re-executed after a reset, if processing is to continue in that
state.
The Network Query (“psi9000”) UDP/IP command may be used (at any time) to make each
module on the network identify itself to the host(s). A parameter, returned in each module’s
response, indicates whether or not a module still has a valid connection. This is a useful way to
detect if an overt reset occurs in a module. The module may be configured to emit this
response automatically after any reset (power on or reboot).
3.1.4.2
Module Data Acquisition
After power-up, all modules will begin to scan all attached transducer channels in channel
number order. Scanning will occur at the module’s maximum internal rate (using the previously
stored number of data averages per channel). The data are stored in an internal buffer,
available for retrieval by the host computer. Engineering units conversion of the scanned
channels is accomplished using thermal correction data extracted from each transducer at
power-up. While scanning, the module will automatically monitor the attached transducer’s
temperature, correcting engineering unit output for any temperature effects.
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All modules effectively defer the host computer’s decision of “which channels of data do I want”
until that time when the host chooses to send read commands to actually retrieve the desired
data from the latest “buffered copy” of the continuously scanned, averaged, and engineeringunit-converted data.
See Section 3.1.4.4 (Delivery of Acquired Data to Host) for more information.
While scanning, all modules take multiple samples and average each channel. The number of
samples per scanned channel defaults to 8, but may be set to one (to disable averaging) or to
any power of 2 (1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32) to change the degree of averaging (and its effect on
maximum scan rate). The Set Operating Options (‘w’) command may change this variable at
any time.
3.1.4.3
Calibration Adjustment of Offset/Gain Correction Coefficients
All Model 9116 Intelligent Pressure Scanners have built in software commands (and pneumatic
hardware) to perform a periodic zero and span calibration adjustment of attached pressure
transducers. Use of these periodic adjustments result in the highest possible data accuracy.
The result of these calibrations are a new set of internal offset and gain coefficients. These
correction coefficients are over and above those factory-determined and unchanging thermal
correction coefficients stored in each transducer's non-volatile memory. The factory coefficients
provide the basic engineering unit conversion capability, while also correcting for various nonlinear effects, including temperature effect compensation. The offset and gain correction
coefficients provide for fine linear fit adjustment of the factory calibration of each transducer. If
used properly, the periodic zero and span calibration adjustment should be the only
calibration required to maintain specified performance through the life of the Intelligent
Pressure Scanner.
It is generally necessary for the transducer to have real zero and span pressure (specified as 2
or more values) applied when calibration adjustment is required. These pressure values may
be generated by secondary pressure standards, such as the model 903x calibrator module or by
other external means provided by the customer (such as a dead weight calibrator). For the
more common zero-only calibration adjustment, zero differential pressures can typically be
provided without the need for external pressure generators. All Model 9116 modules have builtin pneumatic inputs (CAL side inputs) and calibration manifolds required for directing the
generated pressures to the various channels of the module(s) being calibrated. Refer to
Chapter 4 of this manual for detailed background and procedures for periodic calibration
of the Intelligent Pressure Scanners. A summary of the commands used for calibration
purposes is included below.
The Calculate and Set Offsets (‘h’) command is executed only when a suitable “minimum”
(e.g., zero) pressure has been applied to all channels of the module. The new offset
coefficients that result from execution of this command are stored in the module’s volatile (or
temporary) engineering-unit conversion database. They are also returned to the host in the
command’s response.
The Calculate and Set Gains (‘Z’) command should be executed only when “full-scale” (or
other suitable specified up-scale) pressure has been applied to the appropriate channels of a
module. The new gain coefficients that result from this command are stored in the module’s
volatile (or temporary) engineering-unit conversion database. They are also returned to the host
in the command’s response.
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The Configure/Control Multi-Point Calibration (‘C’) command, actually 4 sub-commands, is
an improvement over the single calibration commands (‘h’ and ‘Z’) described above. Though
‘C’ provides for the adjustment of the same offset and gain correction coefficients already
described above, it does so with two or more applied pressure calibration points. The final
linear fit (i.e., new offset and gain correction coefficients) is a “least squares” correction fit
between all the calibration points specified. This ‘C’ command is particularly useful in
calibrating differential transducers over their entire negative-to-positive range.
Although the calculated offset and gain correction coefficients are kept in volatile memory
following execution of the calibration commands, they may be stored in non-volatile transducer
memory following the execution of the calibration commands (for use by all subsequent EU
conversions). This is accomplished with the Set/Do Operating Options (‘w’) command (Index
08 and 09).
The above correction coefficients are maintained internally in IEEE floating-point format. The
Read Internal Coefficients (‘u’) command and the Download Internal Coefficients (‘v’)
command can return (or manually set) calibration coefficients to the host in decimal or hex
dump formats in their responses.
3.1.4.4
Delivery of Acquired Data To Host
Several commands apply to host delivery of acquired data, either on demand or autonomously.
The Read High Precision Data (‘r’) command may be used to obtain high precision data
(selected channels in various formats). The modules also provide several high speed, high
resolution output commands. The Read High-Speed Data (‘b’) command is used to read “pure
binary” engineering unit pressure (all channels in the lowest overhead format). Use the ‘r’ and
‘b’ commands to get acquired data on demand.
The module can also deliver EU pressure data in streams, which consist of TCP/IP or UDP/IP
data packets that arrive autonomously in the host (with data from selected channels being
delivered in various formats at various rates). Up to three independent streams may be
configured, started, stopped, and cleared with the Define/Control Autonomous Host Streams
(‘c’) command. In conjunction with hardware triggering, this autonomous delivery method can
also make the module acquire (as well as deliver) data in its most efficient and timesynchronized manner. This also frees the host to receive, process, or record these data in its
most efficient manner, since it need not waste time continually requesting new data with
commands.
The modules also have special purpose on demand data acquisition commands, including:
Read Transducer Voltages (‘V’) and Read Transducer Raw A/D Counts (‘a’), which provide
two views of raw pressure data. It has similar commands providing EU temperature ( C) and
other raw views of each channel’s special temperature signal, including Read Transducer
Temperatures (‘t’), Read Temperature A/D Counts (‘m’), and Read Temperature Voltages
(‘n’). This command group is generally used for diagnostic purposes. All of these special
purpose data (plus other module status information) may also be periodically delivered to the
host automatically in any of the three flexible autonomous streams configured by the ‘c’
command.
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3.1.4.5
Model 9116 User’s Manual
Network Query and Control Functions
A special subset of three (3) UDP/IP commands may be sent to a module at any time power is
applied to it (i.e., neither a host socket connection nor a unique IP Address assignment is
required). Each such command is broadcast to all modules (i.e., sent to IP Address
255.255.255.255) via Port 7000, and any module wishing to respond will return a UDP/IP
broadcast response via Port 7001.
Only one of these commands returns a response. This is the Network Query (“psi9000”)
command. The others cause the module to be re-booted, therefore no response is possible.
One command changes the way the module gets its IP address assignment (i.e., dynamically
from a server or statically from factory-set internal data).
3.1.4.6
Other Functions
Some commands may be used at any time to obtain information about the internal setup and
status of a module. The Read Module Status (‘q’) command is an example. Also, the Set/Do
Operating Options (‘w’) command, though generally used after power-up reset, may also be
used at other times to change system operation. The actual feedback position status of internal
valves, and several temperature status conditions may be configured to be periodically
delivered to the host automatically in any of the three autonomous streams configured by the ‘c’
command.
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3.2
Model 9116 User’s Manual
Detailed Command Description Reference
All commands applicable to the Model 9116 Intelligent Pressure Scanner modules are
described on the following pages. They are summarized in the following table. For
convenience, this table is also repeated in Appendix B.
TYPE
TCP/IP
Commands
COMMAND ID
A
Power-Up Clear
B
Reset
C
Configure/Control Multi-Point Calibration
(4 sub-commands)
V
Read Transducer Voltages
Z
Calculate and Set Gains (Span Cal)
a
Read Transducer Raw A/D Counts
b
Acquire High Speed Data
c
Define/Control Autonomous Host Streams
(6 sub-commands)
h
Calculate and Set Offsets (Re-zero Cal)
m
Read Temperature A/D Counts
n
Read Temperature Voltage
q
Read Module Status
r
Read High Precision Data
t
Read Transducer Temperature
u
Read Internal Coefficients
v
Download Internal Coefficients
w
Set/Do Operating Options/Functions
psi9000
UDP/IP
Commands
psireboot
psirarp
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COMMAND FUNCTIONS
Query Network
Reboot Specified Module
Change Specified Module’s IP Address
Resolution Method (then Reboot)
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POWER UP CLEAR (Command ‘A’)
Purpose:
Command
This command has no internal module affect. It is used as a simple method to
verify proper communications to the Model 9116 module.
“A”
‘A’ is the command letter.
Response
“A”
‘A’ is the acknowledge letter.
Description: This command is generally used as a simple ‘NOP’ mechanism to verify proper
communications with a module.
Example:
●
Send TCP/IP command to a module (via its open socket) to acknowledge module
power on:
“A”
Read following response:
“A”
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RESET (Command ‘B’)
Purpose:
Command
Instructs the module to reset internal operating parameters, and to set all internal
control variables to their default “reset” state (see description below). The current
TCP/IP socket connection will remain open. Execution after a power off/on cycle
is optional (unnecessary).
“B”
‘B’ is the command letter.
Response
“A”
‘A’ is the acknowledge letter.
Description: The module returns to the following “reset” states if this command is executed:
● Re-zero correction (offset) terms are set to the last values stored in
transducer memory.
● Span correction (gain) terms are set to the last values stored in transducer
memory.
● Calibration Valve is set to the RUN Position
● Number of Samples for Data Averaging is set to last value stored in nonvolatile memory (factory default = 8).
● Any autonomous host data delivery streams defined by ‘c’ sub-commands
are reset (undefined).
● The Multi-Point Calibration function defined by ‘C’ sub-commands is reset
(undefined) if in progress.
Example:
●
Send TCP/IP command to a Model 9116 module (via open socket) to reset defaults:
“B”
Read following response:
“A”
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CONFIGURE/CONTROL MULTI-POINT CALIBRATION (Command ‘C’)
Purpose:
This command is actually four (4) sub-commands. The first configures and starts
a Multi-Point Calibration adjustment function for selected channels in the
module. Another is repeated multiple times to collect data for each defined
calibration point. Another ends the calibration function normally by calculating
new offset and gain adjustment coefficients from the collected data. It then
returns the module to its normal state, but with improved accuracy. A final subcommand is used only if it becomes necessary to abort the calibration function
while in progress. The general form of all sub-commands is described in the
table below. Subsequent pages separately describe each individual subcommand and give examples of each.
“C ii[ dddd]... ”
Command
‘C’ is the command letter.
‘ ii’ is a required sub-command index preceded by a space character.
‘ dddd’ are zero or more optional datum (or parameter) fields, each
preceded by a space character. These vary with the sub-command used.
Response
Depends upon the particular sub-command (ii) used.
Description: The four ‘C’ sub-commands configure and control operation of a Multi-Point
Calibration function that is similar to the simpler re-zero and span calibration
adjustment functions (see separate ‘h’ and ‘Z’ commands). However, ‘C’ adjusts
both the offset and gain correction coefficients of each affected transducer at the
same time, using two or more calibration points. Thus, instead of simply
calculating a new linear (i.e., straight line) adjustment function that passes
through the supplied zero and span calibration points, it calculates a best-fit
straight line, using the least squares method, that comes “as close as
possible” to all the supplied calibration points. This correction method
provides the very best adjustment throughout the entire range (negative to
positive) of a differential transducer.
Note
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Avoid confusing this Calibrate command ‘C’ (upper case C) with the
Configure/Control Autonomous Host Streams command ‘c’ (lower
case c). Like “c,” but unlike most other module commands, all subcommands of this command require a space between the command
id (‘C’) and the first parameter (ii).
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Command ‘C’— Sub-command Index 00: Configure & Start Multi-Point Calibration
This sub-command has four (4) additional required parameters used to configure and start the
Multi-Point Calibration function.
Command
“C 00 pppp npts ord avg”
‘C’ is the command letter.
‘ 00’ is the sub-command index (ii) for Configure & Start.
‘ pppp’ is a 1-4 hex digit position field (channel selection bit map), that
selects any of the 1-16 (9116) internal channels to be affected by the
multi-point calibration.
‘ npts’ is the number of unique calibration points (between 1 and 19) to be
supplied during the calibration function.
‘ ord’ is the order of the adjustment fit, which currently must be 1 for a 1st
order linear fit of the calibration data (i.e., a straight line).
‘ avg’ is the number of A/D data samples collected and averaged for each
calibration point supplied (must be a power of 2 in the set 2, 4, 8, 16, or
32)
NOTE: all parameters are separated by a space.
Response
“A”
‘A’ is the acknowledge letter and is returned if all parameters are supplied
with reasonable values. Else, an error (‘N’) response is returned.
Description: Configures and starts the Multi-Point Calibration function. It specifies the
particular channels (pppp) whose offset and span adjustment coefficients will be
replaced when the function is completed. All specified channels must have the
same full-scale pressure range. Modules with more than one range of internal
transducers installed must have channels from each range calibrated separately.
This sub-command immediately alters the module’s normal data acquisition,
processes A/D samples for average count (default = 8, or as per the ‘w10dd’
command), and uses the sub-command’s avg parameter sample count instead.
A larger count (e.g., 32) is encouraged for calibration purposes. The original
sample count will not be restored until the calibration function ends or is aborted
(per other sub-commands described on the following pages).
The npts parameter fixes how many calibration points must be supplied when the
Multi-Point Calibration function’s data collection phase starts later with multiple
invocations of another sub-command (described below). Currently, only a linear
(1st order) (‘ ord=1’) fit of the calibration points is available.
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Example:
●
Configure and start the Multi-Point Calibration function so that it affects only the first
four (4) channels of the module. Three (3) pressure calibration points will by supplied
when we continue this function later (see example for ‘01’ sub-command below). A
linear (1st order) fit will be used to obtain a new set of offset and gain correction
coefficients for these four (4) channels. The maximum average sample count (32) is
used to collect each calibration data point, so as to minimize any noise in the data
samples. The module’s data acquisition process is altered immediately to collect the
increased number of averages.
“C 00 F 3 1 32”
Read response:
“A”
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Command ‘C’— Sub-command Index 01: Collect Data for a Calibration Point
This sub-command has two (2) additional required parameters.
Command
“C 01 pnt pppp.pppp”
‘C’ is the command letter.
‘ 01’ is the sub-command index (ii) for Collect Data
‘ pnt’ identifies a particular calibration point that will be supplied. It must
be between 1 and npts, where npts was a parameter of the previously
executed Configure & Start (‘00’) sub-command.
‘ pppp.pppp’ is the pressure value (in current EU) that is actually applied
currently to the module’s transducers by a precision calibrator.
NOTE: all parameters are separated by a space.
Response
“pppp.pppp [pppp.pppp]...”
The actual measured pressure values (in current EU) from each affected
channel of the module (highest numbered specified channel first, lowest
numbered specified channel last, as per the pppp bit map parameter of the
Configure & Start (‘00’) sub-command. The decimal response datum
format (format 0) is always used.
Description: This sub-command (to be executed two or more times) carries out the data
collection phase of the Multi-Point Calibration function for exactly one (1)
calibration point (i.e., per parameter pnt). Each execution applies a specified
pressure value; then collects, averages, and stores the data for that calibration
point. It must be repeated until all pressure points, as specified by the npts
parameter of the original Configure & Start (‘00’) sub-command, are applied and
their data collected. For each particular point, enter the sub-command after that
point’s pressure value has been properly applied to the module, and that value is
stable (unchanging). Pressure may be applied to either the Cal or Run ports, as
necessary. Use a Model 903x Calibrator or some other suitable precision
pressure source to generate the pressure.
It is not necessary to enter the two or more calibration points in strict numerical
order (i.e., 1, 2, ... npts). Any convenient entry order is allowed, though each
point’s actual pressure value must be correctly stated (with the pppp.pppp
parameter) when executed. Previously entered points may be reentered if it is
necessary to account for hysteresis. However, all the points specified by the
pts parameter of the Configure & Start (‘00’) sub-command must be supplied
before the final Calculate and Apply (‘02’) sub-command can be executed, else
an error will result.
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Example:
●
Supply each of the previously-specified three (3) pressure calibration points to the MultiPoint Calibration function, as was stated in the previous example of the Configure and
Start (‘00’) sub-command. Assume that all the affected four (4) channels have
differential transducers with the same -5 to +5 psi range. Include at least one pressure
point in the negative range of these transducers
“C 01 1 -2.5”
“C 01 2 0.0”
“C 01 3 5.0”
Read responses (separately after each command executed above):
“-2.4998 -2.4999 -2.5001 -2.500”
“0.0 0.0013 -0.0133 -0.00001”
“5.0091 4.9992 5.0010 4.9998”
Data are returned in reverse channel number order (i.e., 4, 3, 2, 1) in each response.
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Command ‘C’- Sub-command Index 02: Calculate & Apply Correction Coefficients
This sub-command has no additional parameters.
Command
“C 02”
‘C’ is the command letter.
‘ 02’ is the sub-command index (ii) for Calculate & Apply
NOTE: all parameters are separated by a space.
Response
“A”
‘A’ is the acknowledge letter — returned if the required number of
calibration data points had their data successfully collected previously, and
the resulting calculated data is reasonable. Else, an error (‘N’) response is
returned.
Description: This sub-command finishes the Multi-Point Calibration function, previously
started by the Configure & Start (‘00’) sub-command. It calculates new
correction coefficients using the pressure data collected by all required
executions of the Collect Data (‘01’) sub-command.
All the averaged data points collected previously are checked for
reasonableness, and then a new set of zero and gain correction coefficients are
calculated by the least-squares method for each channel (transducer) affected by
the calibration. These are stored in the module’s volatile memory for use by all
subsequent EU data conversion of these channels until the module is reset or
powered off. These coefficients may be stored in the non-volatile memory of the
module’s transducers with the ‘w’ command (see indexes 08 and 09 for that
command). The latest calculated zero and gain coefficients may be inspected
with the ‘u’ command at any time for any channel.
Finally, this sub-command restores the original “A/D samples for averaging”
count used by the module’s data acquisition process to the value that was in use
before the Multi-Point Calibration function was originally started.
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Example:
●
Finish the Multi-Point Calibration function previously started (as indicated by
the previous examples of ‘C’ sub-commands ‘00’ and ‘01’). Calculate new
adjustment coefficients, and save them in the non-volatile memory of the
module’s transducers. These new coefficients will then be used for all
subsequently calculated EU data acquired by the module, until another
calibration function is performed in the future.
“C 02”
“w08”
“w09”
Read responses (separately for each command executed above):
“A”
“A”
“A”
If an error (“N”) response is returned on the first command, either the correct
number of calibration points (per ‘00’ sub-command) were not supplied with
reasonable pressure data values (via the multiple ‘01’ sub-commands), or the
collected data yielded new calculated coefficients with unreasonable values. In
that case, the other two commands should not be used.
If execution of the last two ‘w’ commands is skipped above, the new calibration
data obtained will be stored only in volatile storage, and will be available for use
only until the module is RESET or loses power.
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Command ‘C’— Sub-command Index 03: Abort Multi-Point Calibration
This sub-command has no additional parameters.
“C 03”
Command
‘C’ is the command letter.
‘ 03’ is the sub-command index (ii) for Abort.
NOTE: all parameters are separated by a space.
“A”
Response
‘A’ is the acknowledge letter
Description: Aborts the Multi-Point Calibration function, if it is currently in progress. This
sub-command also restores the original “A/D samples for averaging” count to the
module that was in use before the calibration function was started.
It should be noted that executing the Configure & Start (‘00’) sub-command
again, after the calibration function has started collecting data (per Collect Data
(‘01’) sub-commands), but before the final data are calculated (per Calculate &
Apply (‘02’) sub-command), will have the same affect as this Abort function.
Example:
●
Abort the Multi-Point Calibration function previously started
“C 03”
Read response:
“A”
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READ TRANSDUCER VOLTAGES (Command ‘V’)
Purpose:
Command
Returns for the specified channels, the most recently acquired raw pressure data,
converted to volts directly from the averaged A/D counts. This simple
engineering-unit conversion bypasses any usage of the transducer’s factorycalculated coefficients or the final calibration process’s correction coefficients
(offset and gain). Each datum returned in the response will be in the specified
high-precision data format. This command is intended for advanced users
only and is not required for normal operation.
“Vppppf”
‘V’ is the command letter
‘pppp’ is the position field
‘f’ is the format field
Response
“ dddd.. [dddd]”
‘ dddd’ are the data fields, each with a leading space (except f =7 or 8).
Description: The 4-character hex position field (pppp) specifies a 16-bit binary bit-map, with
each bit (set to 1) specifying a particular channel number (16-1, left-to-right).
The 1-character format field (f) specifies the format of each datum field (‘ dddd’)
that will be returned in the requested response. The first datum returned in the
response will be for the highest channel number requested, and each (nonbinary) datum will be preceded by a space character. Some formats may not be
applicable to the specific type of data being requested. Valid formats are shown
in the following table:
f
converts each internal response datum value from . . .
max. char.
0
single binary float
to
7-10-digit signed decimal “ [-xxx]x.xxxxxx”
13
1
single binary float
to
8-digit hex integer “ xxxxxxxx”
9
2
double binary float
to
16-digit hex integer “ xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx”
17
5
single binary float
to
long integer (EU*1000) then to 8-digit hex integer
9
7
single binary float
to
single binary float (big endian: msb first)
4
8
single binary float
to
single binary float (little endian: lsb first)
4
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Example:
●
Send TCP/IP command to a Model 9116 module (via its connected socket) that
returns ASCII decimal fixed-point voltage data for channels 1, 5, 9, and 13:
“V11110”
Response contains data for channels 13, 9, 5, and 1 (left to right):
“ 4.999999 -4.989500 0.005390 2.500001”
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CALCULATE AND SET GAINS (Command ‘Z’)
Purpose:
Command
Instructs a module to calculate new gain coefficients, with either full-scale
pressure (or a specified pressure) applied to the specified channels. These new
coefficients update part of the module’s internal calibration coefficient database,
used to convert any subsequent raw data (from any of the specified channels)
into engineering units data. The new gain values are also returned in the
response. This command is sometimes called a Span or Span-only calibration.
“Zpppp[ vv.vvvv]”
‘Z’ is the command letter
‘pppp’ is the position field
‘ vv.vvvv’ is an [optional] pressure value, preceded by a space character.
Response
“g.gggg .. g.gggg”
‘g.gggg’ are the actual gain data values returned, each preceded by a
space.
Description: The position field may have 0 or 4 characters. If no position field is specified,
gain coefficients for all module input channels will be calculated and returned. If
a position field is specified, gain coefficients for only the channels whose bits are
set (=1) will be calculated and returned. If the optional pressure value (vv.vvvv)
is specified, the position field must be 4 characters, even when all channels are
to be specified. Gain values are returned in the response in order of highest
specified channel to lowest specified channel, with data formatted per an implied
decimal format (f=0).
Normally this command requires that the exact full scale input pressure be
applied to the affected channels. The optional pressure value [ vv.vvvv] allows
the user to specify any suitable upscale pressure in the current engineering units.
For best results, pressures in excess of 90% of full scale should be applied. A
leading space character must precede the pressure value parameter.
The desired calibrating pressure must be applied to all of the specified channels
and allowed to stabilize before this command is executed. Such a pressure is
presumably generated by a separate model 903x calibrator module or suitable
user-supplied substitute.
Notice that unlike the Calculate and Set Offsets (‘h’) command, this command
does not automatically move a Model 9116 module’s calibration valve to its Cal
position. A command to do this must precede this command. The reader is
referred to Chapter 4, Section 4.3 for additional details concerning the
performance of a Span Calibration.
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Internal firmware limits calculated gains to values are software limited to values between 0.0
and 100.0. Any calculated value outside of this range will result in the gain coefficient being set
to 1.00.
Note
The calculated gain values from the latest ‘Z’ command will be lost
when the module is powered off. To save these gain terms to each
transducer’s non-volatile memory, refer to the Set Operating Options
(‘w’) command (index 09).
Example:
●
Send TCP/IP command to a Model 9116 module (via its open socket) to
calculate and set gain coefficients for channels 8 through 4. Instruct the module
to use 14.8890 psi as the applied pressure instead of each transducer’s full-scale
value:
“Z00F8 14.8890”
Read response, containing the new gain values (also stored in the module’s
volatile main memory):
“1.000212 1.000269 1.000437 1.000145 .999670”
Actual gain values are returned in the above response as decimal ASCII strings,
each preceded by a space character. From left-to-right: they are for channels 8,
7, 6, 5, and 4.
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READ TRANSDUCER A/D COUNTS (Command ‘a’)
Purpose:
Command
Returns the most recently acquired raw pressure data for the specified channels
in averaged signed A/D counts (in the range -32768 to +32767). This simple
data bypasses any usage of the transducer’s factory-calculated coefficients or
the final calibration process’s adjustment coefficients (offset and gain). Each
datum returned in the response will be in the specified high-precision data
format, but representing A/D counts as a signed integer average. (The formula
for converting A/D counts to volts is: Volts = A/D Counts * 5/32768) This
command is intended for advanced users only and is not required for normal
operation.
“appppf”
‘a’ is the command letter
‘pppp’ is the position field
‘f’ is the format field
Response
“ dddd.. dddd”
‘ dddd’ are the data fields, each with leading space (except f = 7 or 8).
Description: The 4-character hex position field (pppp) specifies a 16-bit binary bit-map, with
each bit (set to 1) specifying a particular channel number (16-1, left-to-right).
Only channels 12-1 are allowed for Models 9021 and 9022.
The 1-character format field (f) specifies the format of each data field (dddd) that
will be returned in the requested response. The first datum returned in the
response will be for the highest channel number requested. Each datum will be
preceded by a space character. Some formats may not be applicable to the
specific type of data being requested. Valid formats are shown in the following
table:
f
converts each internal response datum value from . . .
max. char.
0
single binary float
to
7-10-digit signed decimal “ [-xxx]x.xxxxxx”
13
1
single binary float
to
8-digit hex integer “ xxxxxxxx”
9
2
double binary float
to
16-digit hex integer “ xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx”
17
5
single binary float
to
long integer (EU*1000) then to 8-digit hex integer
9
7
single binary float
to
single binary float (big endian: msb first)
4
8
single binary float
to
single binary float (little endian: lsb first)
4
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Example:
●
Send TCP/IP command to Model 9116 module (via its connected socket) that returns
decimal raw “pressure” A/D counts data for channels 1, 5, 9, and 13:
“a11110”
Response contains data for channels 13, 9, 5, and 1 (left to right):
“ 32767.000000 -32700.000000 10.000000 16385.000000”
Please note that channel 13 is saturated at +full scale and channel 9 is almost saturated
at -full scale. Channel 5 reads near zero and channel 1 is about ½ +full-scale.
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READ HIGH-SPEED DATA (Command ‘b’)
Purpose:
Returns the most recent scanned/averaged data from all channels of the
module as fast as possible. Data is returned directly in its internal (IEEE
single-precision float) binary form (as per implied format 7). It is used as a
faster alternative to the Read High-Precision Data (‘r’) command, since ‘b’
does not have to parse the position or format parameters, nor does it have
transform or encode the internal data into any other format when the
response is generated.
“b”
Command
‘b’ is the command letter
“aaaabbbbcccc..rrrr”
Response
each 4-byte datum (e.g, ‘aaaa’) is a non-human readable 32-bit (4-byte)
big-endian value (format 7) representing an IEEE single-precision internal
float value.
Description: Returns data for all of the module’s channels, in order highest channel number to
lowest channel number. Thus for a Model 9116, channel #16 will always be the
first 4-byte (32-bit binary, big-endian, IEEE floating-point) value (‘aaaa’) sent in
the response. It is followed by similar values for lower numbered channels.
Unless the EU conversion scalar is altered, the returned data will be in units of
psi.
Example:
●
Send command to a module (via its “socket” connection) to return data as fast
possible:
“b”
Data from the most recent scan of all the module’s channels are returned in pure
binary form, 4-bytes per channel (big endian):
aaaabbbbcccc .. rrrr
Note that this response is not shown within quotes “ ” since it is not a valid ASCII
character string
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DEFINE/CONTROL AUTONOMOUS HOST STREAMS (Command ‘c’)
Purpose:
Defines and controls the autonomous delivery of any of up to three concurrent
high-speed autonomous data streams to the host computer. Such data streams
may be delivered “continuously” without bound (i.e., until a command explicitly
stops them), or be delivered in a “limited” amount (until a pre-specified fixed
number of data packets have been sent). Each packet delivered may be
synchronized by a user-supplied “hardware trigger” or each packet may be
delivered periodically as synchronized by an internal software clock. These
concurrent host streams are an alternate method of acquiring/delivering data
rather than using the Read High-Precision Data (‘r’) command, the Read HighSpeed Data (‘b’) command or the many other special purpose read commands
(‘V,’ ‘a,’ ‘t,’ ‘m,’ and ‘n,’) for reading alternate data values.
Host data streams, once activated in a module, deliver a sequence of TCP/IP or
UDP/IP data packets autonomously to the host (i.e., without the host sending any
particular command to the module to request each packet).
WARNING: If these data streams are defined to occur at high rates, then each data
packet received by the host must be processed and disposed of in a timely
manner. NetScanner™ System modules are capable of generating autonomous
data faster than some “slow” hosts (or incapable software) can absorb.
Command
“c ii[ dddd] ... ”
‘c’ is the command letter
‘ ii’ is a space + a sub-command index (augment code)
‘ dddd’ are one or more optional datum fields, each preceded by a space
character which are parameters that differ per augment code ii.
NOTE: all parameters are separated by a space.
Response
Depends upon particular sub-command (‘ ii’) sent. See below.
Autonomous
Packet
Depends upon the particular sub-command
(‘ ii’) sent. See below.
Description: The firmware of any module, once fully initialized, continuously scans and
converts data for all pressure channels at the highest possible speed. The result
of such scanning is a continuously updated EU data buffer, available to three
concurrent host data delivery tasks, or available to other standard data
acquisition commands in the module. Each host delivery task can grab
engineering-unit data values from the EU data buffer and deliver them to the host
in its own programmable data stream (a sequence of TCP/IP or UDP/IP packets
that autonomously arrive in the host, as long as the host has enough TCP/IP
buffering space to hold them).
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Special augments of this command, called sub-commands (distinguished by the
first parameter ii) can configure each data stream with the particular channels
whose data are delivered, the datum format, the delivery rate, and other
characteristics. It can also start, stop, or undefine a single stream or all defined
streams.
The maximum rate of any one stream’s delivery is practically limited to the
maximum possible scan and data conversion rate of all the module’s channels.
Normally, these programmable host streams deliver host data at rates equal to or
slower than this natural cycle. For a typical application, the first stream delivers a
few channels at a high rate as defined by a hardware trigger. The second stream
delivers other channels at a medium rate (some multiple of the trigger), and the
third stream can deliver still other channels at a slow rate (a larger multiple of the
trigger). In another application, the three streams might all be programmed to
deliver all the same channels, but the first stream might deliver pressure data
(EU only) at high speed. The second stream might deliver pressure counts or
volts at a slower rate, and the third stream might deliver temperature in all forms
(EU, counts, volts) at a very slow rate.
Note
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Avoid confusing this Configure/Control Autonomous Host Streams
command ‘c’ (lower case c) with the Configure/Control Multi-Point
Calibration command ‘C’ (upper case C). Like ‘C’, but unlike most
other module commands, all sub-commands of this command
require a space between the command id (‘c’) and the first parameter
(ii).
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Command ‘c’— Sub-command Index 00: Configure A Host Delivery Stream
This sub-command is used to configure the principal parameters of each of the three possible
concurrent host delivery streams, one at a time. Following this configuration phase, the stream
(1, 2, or 3) or all streams may be started and stopped with other sub-commands. The subcommand’s format is:
“c 00 st [[[[p]p]p]p sync per f num”
Command
‘c’ is the command letter
‘00’ is the sub-command index (ii) for configuration
‘st’ is the stream id digit (1, 2, or 3)
‘[[[[p]p]p]p’ is a 1-4 hex digit position field (channel selection bit map)
capable of selecting 1-16 internal channels
‘sync’ is sync type character (0= hardware trigger or 1= clock)
‘per’ is the period (if sync=0: # of trigger periods or if sync=1: delay timer
period in msec).
‘f’ is the format of each acquired datum in stream
‘num’ is the number of packets delivered in the stream
(0=unlimited/continuous).
NOTE: all parameters are separated by a space character.
Response
“A”
‘A’ is the acknowledge letter
Autonomous
Packet
none generated
Description: Configures a particular stream (‘st’) to deliver data packets autonomously to the
host, with each packet containing selected acquired data for the channels
specified. The channels are specified by a standard 16-bit position field bit map
(encoded as a 1-4 hex digit position field ([[[[p]p]p]p). A separate sub-command
(ii=05) may be used to select which acquired data are included in each stream.
By default, only pressure (EU) data are selected (if ii=05 sub-command is never
executed for the stream).
The individual data packets of the stream may be synchronized with either an
external user-supplied hardware trigger or a periodic clock interrupt generated
inside each module. This choice is made with the sync type ‘sync’ parameter (a
single digit) where: 0 = synchronize with hardware trigger; 1= synchronize with
periodic software clock.
When the hardware trigger is used to synchronize data output ( sync = 0), it is
assumed that the user would prefer to also synchronize internal data acquisition
cycle. For this reason, when a stream utilizing hardware trigger is started, the
module firmware switches out of the free-running continuous data acquisition
mode described earlier. Instead, the module waits in an idle mode until a
hardware trigger is received to initiate a host stream output. Only on the receipt
of that hardware trigger will the module scan and EU convert all attached
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channels. Following completion of the acquisition and EU conversion cycle, the
module will also deliver the requested data channels to the host. In this manner,
users are provided with highly synchronized data acquisition and delivery from
one or more modules. If a module waits in the idle mode for an extended period
of time without receiving a data request, it will periodically initiate its own internal
data acquisition cycles so as to update internal thermal coefficients.
When all hardware triggered streams are complete or aborted, an individual
module will return to the default mode of continuous scanning and EU
conversion.
When the internal software timer is used to control host stream output rates
(sync=1), note that internal clock frequency variances will result in slightly
different timing between modules. Although these differences in timing are slight,
they may result in noticeable differences in output timing between modules over
a long period of time. If highly synchronized data output is required from multiple
modules, the hardware trigger mode should be used.
The period ‘per’ parameter is a positive decimal integer count (from 0 to
2147483647, specified with 1 to 10 numeric digits as needed), and its meaning
depends on the sync type ‘sync’ parameter described above.
‘sync’
meaning of ‘per’
0
number of hardware trigger periods to wait before sending each packet
1
delay period (in milliseconds) to wait before sending each packet
NOTE: minimum is 2 milliseconds and the granularity is 2 milliseconds
with values rounded down to the nearest 2 milliseconds.
The ‘f’ parameter identifies the format of each selected acquired datum in each
stream packet, and is a single numeric digit. Valid format codes are listed in the
following table:
f
converts each internal selected acquired datum value from . . .
max. char.
0
single binary float
to
7-10-digit signed decimal “ [-xxx]x.xxxxxx”
13
1
single binary float
to
8-digit hex integer “ xxxxxxxx”
9
2
double binary float
to
16-digit hex integer “ xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx”
17
5
single binary float
to
long integer (EU*1000) then to 8-digit hex integer
9
7
single binary float
to
single binary float (big endian: msb first)
4
8
single binary float
to
single binary float (little endian: lsb first)
4
Unless the EU conversion scalar is altered, the returned pressure data will be in units of psi.
(See command ‘v’, array 11, coefficient 01 for other units.
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Note
Model 9116 User’s Manual
With the exception of binary formats 7 and 8, all other formats
include a leading space in each datum delivered in each stream
packet.
The number of stream packets (‘num’) parameter is a positive integer count (from
0 to 2147483647, specified with 1 to 10 numeric digits as needed). It sets a finite
limit on the number of packets delivered in the host data stream. The value 0 for
this parameter requests “continuous” output packets for the defined host stream
(unbounded).
Note
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While the ‘c 00’ command will allow hardware and software trigger
scan lists to operate concurrently, this is not a recommended mode
of operation. Running hardware and software trigger scan lists
concurrently diminishes the degree of determinism for the hardware
scan lists. The hardware trigger lists will determine the frequency of
pressure readings and the update of internal pressure, current value
table. The software trigger lists will return data from this table at the
requested software trigger rate, however the table will only be
updated at the rate of the fastest hardware trigger scan lists.
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Example:
●
Configure three (3) separate autonomous host delivery streams, and divide the module’s
channels between them. Channels (1-4) must be delivered to host as fast as possible,
channels 5-8 may be delivered at half that rate, while the remaining channels 9-16 are
delivered at half the previous rate. All streams are generated continuously and
synchronized with the internal clock at 100 msec., 200 msec., and 400 msec. periods,
respectively. Data are requested in single precision binary IEEE float format f=7).
“c 00 1 000F 1 100 7 0”
“c 00 2 00F0 1 200 7 0"
“c 00 3 FF00 1 400 7 0"
Read response:
“A”
“A”
“A”
To similarly acquire data at “relative” rates (1, 2, and 4) using a periodic hardware
trigger (assumed to also cycle at 10 Hz rate), enter the commands:
“c 00 1 000F 0 1 7 0”
“c 00 2 00F0 0 2 7 0”
“c 00 3 FF00 0 4 7 0”
Read responses:
“A”
“A”
“A”
Note
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The type of data delivered for each specified channel (when the
streams are started) is EU pressure unless sub-command “05” is
also executed to select other types of data in each stream.
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Command ‘c’— Sub-command Index 01: Start Stream(s)
This sub-command is used to start the delivery of any previously configured host stream in a
module. If the stream started is of “continuous” duration, then it will be necessary to use the
Stop Stream sub-command later. Otherwise, the stream will end automatically if a finite number
of packets has been specified for it. This sub-command may also be used to resume a
previously stopped host stream that has not transmitted all requested data packets. The subcommand’s format is:
Command
“c 01 st”
‘c’ is the command letter
‘01’ is the sub-command index (‘ii’) for Start Stream(s)
‘st’ is the stream id digit (1, 2, or 3, or 0=all streams)
NOTE: all parameters are separated by a space character.
Response
“A”
‘A’ is the acknowledge letter
“tssss[dddd] .. [dddd]”
Autonomous
Packet
‘t’ is a 1-byte binary (8-bit) value identifying the stream number (1-3).
‘ssss’ is a 4-byte binary integer (32-bit, big-endian) packet sequence.
number. Optional binary status may follow the sequence number. (See
“05” sub-command.)
‘dddd’ are the acquired datum values in the selected format plus a leading
space (except f=7 or 8).
Description: This sub-command starts a particular specified host stream (st=1-3), or starts all
configured host streams with a single command (st=0). Each autonomous host
stream packet begins with a 5-byte fixed-format (binary) data header (tssss).
The first byte (t) identifies the host stream, while a 32-bit unsigned binary
sequence number (ssss) completes the header. This sequence number will start
at one (1) for the first packet returned by a stream and increment for each other
returned packet of that stream. In the case of a “continuous” data stream, the
sequence number may overflow the maximum permissible 32-bit integer value. If
this occurs, the sequence number value will wrap around to zero (0) following the
largest 32-bit value (4294967295) and then continue to increment by one for
each returned packet. The sequence number field is intended to provide a
mechanism for host software to ensure that host data stream packets are
processed or stored in the order in which they were obtained by the module.
Each of the three possible host streams will report their own unique sequence
number. Note that if a previously stopped data stream is restarted, the returned
sequence numbers will resume with the next number at the point of the stream’s
termination. The sequence numbers will not restart at one (1) if a scan list is
temporarily stopped and then restarted without reconfiguring the stream. A
“limited” stream will terminate once this sequence number equals the requested
number of packets for the stream. If a “limited” stream is restarted after expiring,
it will restart at sequence number 1.
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For periodic hardware-triggered streams, that are never suspended and resumed
after being initially enabled, the sequence number may also serve as a “relative”
time stamp if the period (in milliseconds) of the hardware trigger is known.
If a special sub-command (ii=05) is used to select the content of a stream, other
binary status data may immediately follow the binary stream header and precede
the default Pressure EU Data (if selected). Other special acquired data groups
(per selected channel) may follow or replace the Pressure EU Data. Each datum
group in each packet will be ordered from highest channel number requested to
lowest channel number requested. Each datum (dddd) will be output per the
format code specified when the stream was configured (by sub-command “00” or
combination of “00” and “05”).
Example:
●
Start all the streams configured in the previous example:
“c 01 0”
Read response:
“A”
Soon after the response is received, the requested data stream packets will
begin arriving in the host at a quantity, content, and rate determined by each
stream’s own particular current configuration (per both the “00” and “05” subcommands).
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Command ‘c’— Sub-command Index 02: Stop Stream(s)
This sub-command is used to stop (or temporarily suspend) the delivery of any previously
started host stream in a module, one at a time or all together, whether the stream was
“continuous” or “limited.” The sub-command’s format is:
“c 02 st”
Command
‘c’ is the command letter
‘02’ is the sub-command index (‘ii’) for Stop Stream
‘st’ is the stream id digit (single stream 1, 2, or 3, or 0=all streams)
NOTE: all parameters are separated by a space.
Response
“A”
‘A’ is the acknowledge letter
Autonomous
Packet
command stops generation of autonomous packets from the requested
stream(s).
Description: This sub-command stops the current “run” of a particular specified host stream
(st=1-3), or stops the current “run” of “all configured” host streams with a single
command (st=0).
Any stopped stream may be resumed (i.e., restarted) with the Start Stream subcommand as long as that stream remains defined in the module and any limited
sequence count has not yet expired. The Clear Stream sub-command may be
used to undefine a stream. Any continuous stream or unexpired limited stream
that is restarted continues generating new sequence numbers (i.e., at the count
where it left off when stopped). However, the stream must be reconfigured with
the Configure a Host Delivery Stream sub-command (00) before it restarts with
sequence count =1. Any expired limited stream must be reconfigured to restart
at all.
Example:
●
Stop all the streams configured in the previous example:
“c 02 0”
Read response:
“A”
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Command ‘c’— Sub-command Index 03: Clear Stream(s)
This sub-command is used to “undefine” any previously configured host stream in a module,
one at a time, or all together. The sub-command’s format is:
“c 03 st”
Command
‘c’ is the command letter
‘03’ is the sub-command index (‘ii’) for configuration
‘st’ is the stream identifier character (1, 2, or 3 or 0=all streams)
NOTE: all parameters are separated by a space character.
Response
“A”
‘A’ is the acknowledge letter
Autonomous
Packet
none generated
Description: This sub-command clears (un-defines) the particular specified host stream (st=13), or un-defines “all configured” host streams with a single command (st=0).
Once cleared, a stream must be reconfigured before it can be started.
Example:
●
Stop all the streams configured previously. Then clear (un-define) only stream 3.
Finally, resume the remaining defined streams 1 and 2:
“c 02 0”
“c 03 3”
“c 01 0”
Read response:
“A”
“A”
“A”
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Command ‘c’ — Sub-command Index 04: Return Stream Information
This sub-command returns current stream configuration information in its response. Its format
is:
Command
“c 04 st”
‘c’ is the command letter
‘04’ is the sub-command index (‘ii’) for configuration
‘st’ is the stream identifier character (1, 2, or 3 only)
NOTE: all parameters are separated by a space character.
“st [[[[p]p]p]p sync per f num pro remport ipaddr bbbb ”
Response
‘st’ is the stream identifier digit (1,2, or 3)
‘ pppp’ is a hex position field (channel selection bit map)
‘sync’ is sync type character (0 or 1)
‘per’ is the period (# trigger periods or delay timer period)
‘f’ is the format of the data delivered in stream
‘num’ is the number of packets delivered in the stream
‘pro’ identifies the protocol used for stream delivery (1=UDP/IP, 0=TCP/IP.
This protocol identifier pertains to stream delivery only.
‘remport’ identifies the remote port number to which each stream delivery
is directed in the host. A value of -1 indicates that stream delivery is
directed to the same port number the host is using to send commands to
the module.
‘ipaddr’ identifies the IP address of the host to which the stream delivery is
directed.
‘bbbb’ another position field (data options bit map) as specified by the “05”
sub-command.
NOTE: All datum fields separated by a space character.
Autonomous
Packet
none generated
Description: This sub-command returns current configuration information for a particular
stream. Returned values are defined the same as the sub-command parameters
of separate commands Configure a Host Delivery Stream (“00,” Select Protocol,
“06,” and Select Data in a Stream, “05.”). Note that the ‘num’ field represents the
number of packets returned so far (= last sequence number returned, or =0 if
stream not yet started.
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Example:
●
Return configuration information for stream l
“c 04 1”
Read response:
“1 FFFF 0 20 7 32000 1 7002 200.200.200.1”
The above example shows all 16 (sixteen) channels. Data is acquired using
hardware trigger with one (1) data packet acquired for every trigger events. Data
is returned in format 7. (In the above example, 32000 packets have been
returned so far.) Data is sent using UDP protocol to port 7002 at IP address
200.200.200.1. Pressure EU data only is returned for the requested channels.
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Command ‘c’ — Sub-command Index 05: Select Data in a Stream
This sub-command sets options that cause a specified stream to deliver specific kinds of
information to host. By default, only Pressure EU data are delivered for the channels already
specified by the “00” command.
“c 05 st bbbb”
Command
‘c’ is the command letter
‘05’ is the sub-command index (‘ii’) for Select Data.
‘st’ is the stream id digit (1, 2, or 3, (0 not allowed)
‘ bbbb’ is the hex option field (bit map) to select which options will be
returned in the data stream (see table)
NOTE: all parameters are separated by a space character.
“A”
‘A’ is the acknowledge letter
Response
Description: If this sub-command is never executed for a particular stream, then Pressure EU
Data are delivered (by default) in that stream following the fixed format binary
header ( tssss as described by the “01” sub-command). However, this subcommand may also delete these default pressure readings from a stream (by not
specifying them) as well as add other selected acquired data to a stream (by
specifying them).
The bit map values (shown in the following table) may be added together to
specify all the actual data groups that will be delivered in each packet of the
specified stream. The first two table entries, if their “bits” are specified, will
cause two-byte binary (16-bit, big endian) status values to be delivered in the
stream packet (immediately following the binary stream header). The third table
entry, if specified, will cause the Pressure EU Data to be delivered (next), per
the specified format (f), and for just the channels specified in the configured
stream. The remaining table entries will cause other special data groups (i.e.,
raw pressures and EU temperature values, also in A/D counts or voltage forms)
to also be delivered in each stream packet. Each of these special data groups is
also output, if its “bit” is specified, in the order of its table entry (within the
packet). Each group will also have a datum per the specified channels, and be in
the specified format (per f).
Note
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Selecting too many other data groups will compromise module
performance.
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bbbb (hex)
data selected for inclusion in each stream packet
0001 **
Enable Valve Position Status (reserved for future use)
0002
Enable DH Temperature Status (see bit map below)
0010
Enable Pressure EU Data (default if “05” never executed after “00”)
0020
Enable Pressure A/D Counts
0040
Enable Pressure Voltages
0080
Enable DH Temperature EU Data (degrees C)
0100
Enable DH Temperature A/D Counts
0200
Enable DH Temperature Voltages
Any DH Temperature Status datum is delivered as a two-byte binary bit map (16-bit, big
endian) with each bit representing the status of DH #16 through DH #1 respectively. A bit value
of 0 (zero) indicates the DH is operating within its specified limits. A value of 1 (one) indicates
the DH is outside its specified limits.
Bit #
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Chan #
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Binary
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
Hex
8
0
0
1
The above example indicates that Channels 1 and 16 are operating outside the specified
temperature limits.
Note
Page 59
** This status field (0001) cannot be specified for Model 9116.
However it is shown should the capability be added to future
firmware versions. Currently, only Models 9816 and 903x can return
Valve Position status in their streams.
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Example:
●
Configure stream l to return temperature status field, and all Pressure EU data
“c 05 1 0012”
Read response:
“A”
If or when stream 1 is subsequently enabled, data groups in that stream with the
lowest-bit-numbers (table positions) selected are delivered first. In this example
(bbbb = 0012), the DH Temperature Status datum would be first, and then all
the specified Pressure EU data would follow (highest specified channel to lowest
specified channel). The standard 5-byte binary prefix (tssss) that begins all
stream packets would precede this status and data group.(See the Autonomous
Packet box in Start Stream sub-command (index 01.)
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Command ‘c’ — Sub-command Index 06: Select Protocol For Stream Delivery
“c 06 st pro [remport [ipaddr]]”
Command
‘c’ is the command letter.
‘ 06’ is the sub-command index (ii) for Select Protocol.
‘ st’ is the stream id digit (0=the ONLY acceptable entry).
‘ pro’ is the protocol id digit (1=UDP/IP, 0=TCP/IP)
‘ remport’ is an optional remote port number to which each UDP stream is
directed in the host (port 9000 is the default if unspecified). It is ignored if
pro=0.
‘ ipaddr’ is an optional host IP address to which each UDP stream is
directed (default is the host IP address per current TCP connection that
sent this command). It is ignored if pro=0.
NOTE: all parameters separated by a space.
Response
Description:
“A”
‘A’ is the acknowledge letter
This command sets the protocol by which every configured autonomous stream
is delivered to the host. It must be executed after streams are configured,
but before they are enabled.
By default, streams are delivered via the same TCP/IP protocol used to receive
commands from host (i.e., via the existing TCP/IP connection used to send this
command). However, for special circumstances, all autonomous streams may
be delivered to the host via the UDP/IP protocol instead. This command is
required only when UDP/IP is to be used. It also can restore the default protocol
(to TCP/IP) once it has been changed. The TCP/IP version of the command
ignores the optional (pro and ipaddr) parameters, which have meaning only to
the UDP/IP protocol.
Though the command has a stream parameter, it is currently limited to changing
the protocol of all defined streams at the same time (i.e., parameter st must be =
0, meaning all configured streams).
The optional remport parameter may be any value in the range 1024 to 65535.
However, remport = 7001 should be avoided, since NetScanner modules emit
UDP Query responses to that port, and most host programs should have a UDP
socket already bound to that port for receiving these special responses. The
choice of remport parameter will affect the way host software must handle
multiple modules sending streams. If every module uses the same port, then a
single host socket can be bound to that port to receive all responses from all
modules. The remote IP address, given to that socket, at time of receipt of the
stream’s datagram, will identify the particular module who sent the datagram.
Alternately, every module may be given a unique remport number, requiring that
a host program bind a unique UDP socket to each of these unique remport
numbers. Then, when a particular socket receives a UDP datagram to its unique
port, the module sending it is automatically identified.
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The optional ipaddr parameter is normally unspecified, causing it to default to use
the IP address of the current TCP/IP connection. That way the host need not
have to be aware of its own IP address. This parameter is provided in case a
special host has multiple network interfaces and wants to use more than one.
When used, ipaddr requires four dotted numeric fields (d.d.d.d). Each d is a 1-3
digit decimal number in the range 0-255. The ipaddr = 255.255.255.255 is best
avoided, unless the UDP datagrams of streams are to be broadcast to all
network nodes.
Example:
●
Configure all streams to be delivered via UDP/IP protocol. Host expects the UDP
datagrams to arrive via port 7500. The IP Address of the current TCP/IP
connection is also used to send each UDP datagram.
“c 06 0 1 7500”
Read response:
“A”
●
Configure all streams to be delivered via the default TCP/IP protocol.
“c 06 0 0”
Read response:
“A”
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CALCULATE AND SET OFFSETS (Command ‘h’)
Purpose:
Instructs a module to calculate new offset coefficients with zero differential
pressure (or a specified “generated” pressure) applied to the specified channels.
These new coefficients update part of the module’s internal calibration coefficient
database, used to convert any subsequent raw data into engineering units data.
The new offset values are also returned in the response. This command is
sometimes called a Re-zero or zero-only calibration.
Command
“hpppp [vv.vvvv]”
‘h’ is the command letter
‘pppp’ is the position field
‘vv.vvvv’ is an [optional] applied pressure value preceded by a space
character
“g.gggg .. [g.gggg]...”
Response
‘g.gggg’ are the actual offset data values returned, each preceded by a
space.
Description: The position field may have 0 or 4 characters. If no position field is specified,
offset coefficients for all of a module’s input channels will be calculated and
returned. If a position field is specified, offset coefficients for only the channels
whose bits are set (=1) will be calculated and returned. If the optional pressure
value [ vv.vvvv] is specified, the position field must be 4 characters, even when
all channels are to be specified. If the optional pressure value [‘vv.vvv’] is not
provided, an applied pressure of 0.0 psi(a) will be assumed when calculating
coefficients. Offset values are returned in the response in order of highest
specified channel to lowest specified channel, with data formatted per an implied
decimal format (f=0).
Before acquiring data with this command, any addressed Model 9116 module
will normally attempt to place the calibration valve in the CAL position, so that a
zero differential pressure can be applied to all channels via the module’s CAL
and CAL Ref input port. Simply leaving these ports unattached will allow the
transducers to read the appropriate zero differential pressure if ambient air
pressure is stable. After data are acquired, the calibration valve will be placed in
the RUN position. To disable the automatic shifting of the calibration valve, refer
to the Set Operating Options (‘w’) command (index 0B). The reader is also
referred to Section 4.2 of Chapter 4 for additional details concerning the
performance of a Re-zero Calibration.
Note
Page 63
The calculated offset values from the latest ‘h’ command will be lost
when the module is powered off. To save these offset terms to each
transducer’s non-volatile memory refer to the Set Operating Options
(‘w’) command (index 08).
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Example:
●
Send TCP/IP command to a Model 9116 module (via its open socket) to
calculate and set new offset coefficients for channels 16 through 13.
“hF000”
Read response, containing all new offset values (also stored in the module’s
volatile main memory):
“0.0010 0.0020 0.0015 0.0025”
Actual offset values are returned in the above response as decimal fixed-point
ASCII strings, each preceded by a space character. From left-to-right: they are
for channels 16, 15, 14, and 13.
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READ TEMPERATURE COUNTS (Command ‘m’)
Purpose:
Command
Returns the most recently acquired raw temperature data for the specified
channels in averaged A/D counts (in the range -32768 to +32767). This
command is similar to command ‘a,’ except that the raw data reflects a channel’s
temperature signal instead of its pressure signal. Each datum returned in the
response will be in the specified high-precision data format, but representing A/D
counts as a signed integer average. This command is intended for advanced
users only and is not required for normal operation.
“mppppf”
‘m’ is the command letter
‘pppp’ is the position field
‘f’ is the format field
Response
“ dddd.. dddd”
‘ dddd’ are the datum fields, each with a leading space (except f= 7
or 8).
Description: The 4-character hex position field (pppp) specifies a 16-bit binary bit-map, with
each bit (set to 1) specifying a particular channel number (16-1, left-to-right).
The 1-character format field (f) specifies the format of each data field (dddd) that
will be returned in the requested response. The first datum returned in the
response will be for the highest channel number supplied, and each (non-binary)
datum will be preceded by a space character. Some formats may not be
applicable to the specific type of data being requested. Valid formats are shown
in the following table:
f
converts each internal response datum value from . . .
max. char.
0
single binary float
to
7-10-digit signed decimal “ [-xxx]x.xxxxxx”
13
1
single binary float
to
8-digit hex integer “ xxxxxxxx”
9
2
double binary float
to
16-digit hex integer “ xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx”
17
5
single binary float
to
long integer (EU*1000) then to 8-digit hex integer
9
7
single binary float
to
single binary float (big endian: msb first)
4
8
single binary float
to
single binary float (little endian: lsb first)
4
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Model 9116 User’s Manual
Example:
●
Send TCP/IP command to Model 9116 module (via its connected socket) that
returns decimal raw “temperature” A/D counts data for channels 1, 5, 9, and 13:
“ m11110”
Response contains data for channels 13, 9, 5, and 1 (left to right):
“ 20692.000000 19783.000000 19204.000000 20432.000000”
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READ TEMPERATURE VOLTAGES (Command ‘n’)
Purpose:
Command
Returns the most recently acquired raw temperature data for the specified
channels converted to engineering-unit Volts directly from the averaged A/D
counts. It is similar to command ‘V,’ except that the raw data reflects a channel’s
temperature signal instead of its pressure signals. Each datum returned in the
response will be in the specified high-precision data format. This command is
intended for advanced users only and is not required for normal operation.
“nppppf”
‘n’ is the command letter
‘pppp’ is the position field
‘f’ is the format field
Response
“ dddd.. dddd”
‘ dddd’ are the datum fields, each with a leading space (except f= 7
or 8).
Description: The 4-character hex position field (pppp) specifies a 16-bit binary bit-map, with
each bit (set to 1) specifying a particular channel number (16-1, left-to-right).
The 1-character format field (f) specifies the format of each datum field (dddd)
that will be returned in the requested response. The first datum returned in the
response will be for the highest channel number supplied, and each (non-binary)
datum will be preceded by a space character. Some formats may not be
applicable to the specific type of data being requested. Valid formats are shown
in the following table:
f
converts each internal response datum value from . . .
max. char.
0
single binary float
to
7-10-digit signed decimal “ [-xxx]x.xxxxxx”
13
1
single binary float
to
8-digit hex integer “ xxxxxxxx”
9
2
double binary float
to
16-digit hex integer “ xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx”
17
5
single binary float
to
long integer (EU*1000) then to 8-digit hex integer
9
7
single binary float
to
single binary float (big endian: msb first)
4
8
single binary float
to
single binary float (little endian: lsb first)
4
Page 67
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Example:
●
Send TCP/IP command to Model 9116 module (via its connected socket) that
returns decimal voltage data (of the raw temperature signal) for channels 1, 5, 9,
and 13:
“n11110”
Response contains data for channels 13, 9, 5, and 1 (left to right):
“ 0.53013 0.541698 0.503633 0.000000”
In this example channels 13, 9, and 5 return normal temperature voltage signals
in the range of 0.5 to 0.6 volts. Note that channel 1 returns a value of 0.0 volts,
indicating a possible error in its temperature signal.
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READ MODULE STATUS (Command ‘q’)
Purpose:
Returns requested module status information.
Command
“qii”
‘q’ is the command letter
‘ii’ is the status index field
Response
“hhhh”
‘hhhh’ is a 4-digit hex datum (or other (**) decimal datum
Description: The 2-digit hex index field (ii) chooses a particular status field to be returned.
Returned value is described in the following table for each index (a third column
shows any ‘w’ command index for setting same option.
returned value
4-digit hex or other decimal (**)
ii
‘w’ set
index
00
Module’s Model Number, as decimal (**) integer value (e.g, 9116).
01
Firmware Version, as hex value
(expressed internally as integer version * 100).
(e.g. hex ‘0100’ = 256 decimal, means Version 2.56)
Power-up Status, as 16-bit hex bit map, bits having the following
meaning:
02
Bit 0 (LSB):
A/D Failure Error.
Bit 1: Transducer Re-zero Adjustment (offset) Term Range Error (outof-range values set to 0.0 internally).
Bit 2: Transducer Span Adjustment (gain) Term Range Error (out-ofrange values set to 1.0 internally).
Bit 3: Temperature Correction Coefficients Not Present or Out-of-Range
(if transducer has one or more bad coefficients, all set to 0.0).
Bit 4: reserved (for transducer checksum)
Bit 5: FLASH Initialized Data Section Checksum Error (if error, all data
variables set to factory defaults and stored in FLASH).
Bit 6: SRAM Error.
03
reserved
04
reserved
05
Number of A/D Samples To Average, as hex value (e.g., 000A=10
decimal).
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06
07
08
09
0A
0C
0D
0E
11
31
32
3c
(+) NOTE:
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Model 9116 User’s Manual
IP Address Resolution Method, as hex state: (default = 0000)
0000 = Use Static IP Address stored in module’s non-volatile
memory
0001 = Get Dynamic IP Address from external RARP/BOOTP
server
Host Response/Stream Back-Off Delay, as hex value (or FFFF). FFFF
means use low-order byte of module’s Ethernet Address as value
instead. In either case, back-off delay in microseconds is calculated from
decimal equivalent of hex value:
delay = decvalue * 20
Host Response/Stream Total Size Prefix (with 2-byte big-endian binary
value), added to all command responses and streams to indicate their
true length in bytes:
0000 = None (default)
0001 = Yes
14
TCP Connect Port, as hex value (e.g. 2328 = 9000 decimal, default).
17
Auto UDP Broadcast@Reset, as hex state:
0000 = No (default)
0001 = Yes
Temperature Status of Each Scanner Transducer, as 16-bit hex bit
map, each bit representing the current status of a transducer/channel
(16-1)). Bit values are:
0= transducer operating within the specified operational limits.
1= transducer operating outside the specified limits.
(see end-of-table NOTE +)
Minimum Temperature Alarm Set Point (in degrees C), as decimal (**)
format 0 representation of internal IEEE float, with leading space).
Maximum Temperature Alarm Set Point (in degrees C), as decimal (**)
format 0 representation of internal IEEE float, with leading space).
Thermal Update Scan Interval (in seconds) as decimal (**) integer
value.
Module hardware version number in the form e.eeeeee. (9016 returns
‘N08’
Hardware trigger mode.
0=positive going edge
1=negative going edge
2=trigger on any edge
(9016 returns a ‘N08’)
Temperature Range, as a hex value
0000 = range 0 to 60ºC (default)
0006 = range -30 to 60º C
0007 = range -20 to 70ºC
13
16
18
19
19
1B
32
This 4-byte hex status fields may also be returned in autonomous data streams, but as
pure binary extensions of each stream’s packet binary header (see ‘c’ command, ii=05,
bbbb=0002).
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Example:
●
Request model number from a Model 9116 module:
“q00”
Read response indicating it is a Model 9116:
“9116”
●
Request TCP back-off delay for a Model 9116 module:
“Q07"
Read hex (16-bit binary) response:
“001F” (31 decimal, or 31 x 20=620 µsec.)
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READ HIGH-PRECISION DATA (Command ‘r’)
Purpose:
Command
Returns the most recently acquired engineering-unit pressure data for the
specified channels. Each datum returned in the response will be in the specified
high-precision data format.
“rppppf”
‘r’ is the command letter
‘pppp’ is the position field
‘f’ is the format field
Response
“ dddd.. dddd”
‘ dddd’ are datum fields, each with leading space (except f= 7 or 8).
Description: The 4-character hex position field (pppp) specifies a 16-bit binary bit-map, with
each bit (set to 1) specifying a particular channel number (16-1, left-to-right).
Models 9021 and 9022 use only channels 12-1.
The 1-character format field (f) specifies the format of each data field (dddd) that
will be returned in the requested response. The first datum returned in the
response will be for the highest channel number specified. Each (nonbinary) datum will be preceded by a space character (except in the case of f= 7).
Some formats may not be applicable to the specific type of data being requested.
Valid formats are shown in the following table:
f
converts each internal response datum value from . . .
max. char.
0
single binary float
to
7-10-digit signed decimal “ [-xxx]x.xxxxxx”
13
1
single binary float
to
8-digit hex integer “ xxxxxxxx”
9
2
double binary float
to
16-digit hex integer “ xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx”
17
5
single binary float
to
long integer (EU*1000) then to 8-digit hex integer
9
7
single binary float
to
single binary float (big endian: msb first)
4
8
single binary float
to
single binary float (little endian: lsb first)
4
Unless the EU conversion scalar is altered, the returned data will be in units of
psi
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Model 9116 User’s Manual
Example:
●
Send TCP/IP command to Model 9116 module (via its connected socket), that
returns decimal pressure data for channels 1, 5, 9, and 13 in ASCII fixed point
format:
“r11110”
Response contains data for channels 13, 9, 5, and 1 (left to right):
“ 1.234000 0.989500 1.005390 0.899602”
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READ TRANSDUCER TEMPERATURE (Command ‘t’)
Purpose:
Command
Returns the most recently acquired engineering-unit temperature data (in ºC) for
the specified channels. Each datum returned in the response will be in the
specified high-precision data format.
“tppppf”
‘t’ is the command letter
‘pppp’ is the position field
‘f’ is the format field
Response
“ dddd.. dddd”
‘ dddd’ are the datum fields, each with leading space (except f =7
or 8).
Description: The 4-character hex position field (pppp) specifies a 16-bit binary bit-map, with
each set bit (1) specifying a particular channel number (16-1, left-to-right).
The 1-character format field (f) specifies the format of each data field (dddd) that
will be returned in the requested response. The first datum returned in the
response will be for the highest channel number specified. Each (nonbinary) datum will be preceded by a space character. Some formats may not be
applicable to the specific type of data being requested. Valid formats are shown
in the following table:
f
converts each internal response datum value from . . .
max. char.
0
single binary float
to
7-10-digit signed decimal “ [-xxx]x.xxxxxx”
13
1
single binary float
to
8-digit hex integer “ xxxxxxxx”
9
2
double binary float
to
16-digit hex integer “ xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx”
17
5
single binary float
to
long integer (EU*1000) then to 8-digit hex integer
9
7
single binary float
to
single binary float (big endian: msb first)
4
8
single binary float
to
single binary float (little endian: lsb first)
4
Page 74
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Model 9116 User’s Manual
Example:
●
Send TCP/IP command to Model 9116 module (via its connected socket) that
returns decimal temperature data for channels 1, 5, 9, and 13:
“t11110”
Response contains data (in ºC) for channels 13, 9, 5, and 1 (left to right):
“ 21.234000 20.989500 21.005390 20.899602”
Page 75
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READ INTERNAL COEFFICIENTS (Command ‘u’)
Purpose:
Command
Returns one (or more contiguous) requested internal coefficient(s) in a specified
internal coefficient array, and in the specified response data format.
“ufaacc[-cc]”
‘u’ is the command letter.
‘f’ is the format field.
‘aa’ is the array index field.
‘cc[-cc]’ is coefficient index [or contiguous range].
Response
“ dddd.. dddd”
‘dddd’ are the datum fields, each with leading space character.
Description: The 1-character format field (f) is a single decimal digit that defines the format of
each returned datum in the response. All datum ( dddd) fields returned will be
preceded by a space character. Most coefficients have a floating point datum
type (f=0-1), while others have an integer datum type (f=5). Requesting an
improper format will result in an “N08" error response. Valid format types for
coefficients are shown in the following table:
f
converts each internal value from . . .
max. char.
0
single binary float
to
7-10-digit signed decimal “ [-xxx]x.xxxxxx”
13
1
single binary float
to
8-digit hex integer “ xxxxxxxx”
9
5
long binary integer
to
8-digit hex integer “ xxxxxxxx”
9
The 2-character array index field (aa) is a hexadecimal value selecting a
particular internal coefficient array. The first array index (aa=01) refers to
channel one’s transducer, the 16th (aa=10) refers to channel sixteen’s
transducer. Finally, the last array (aa=11) refers to a special global array.
A single 2- character coefficient index field ( cc) is a hexadecimal value that
selects a particular coefficient within the specified array. Multiple contiguous
coefficients of the same type may be specified by using a coefficient index“range”
specified by adding a hyphen (negative sign) between two such indexes (cc-cc).
The coefficients of internal DH200 transducers used in the Model 9116 are
selected with array indexes aa=01 through 10 (hex). All valid coefficient indexes
(for each of these arrays) are listed in the following table:
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Note
cc
Model 9116 User’s Manual
Coefficients used for typical applications are shown in BOLD type.
All other coefficients are typically not used outside of advanced
diagnostic functions.
Transducer Coefficients Description
Datum
Type
00
Re-zero Cal Adjustment (offset) term
FLOAT
01
Span Cal Adjustment (gain) term
FLOAT
02
Dynamic EU Conversion coefficient c0
FLOAT
03
Dynamic EU Conversion coefficient c1
FLOAT
04
Dynamic EU Conversion coefficient c2
FLOAT
05
Dynamic EU Conversion coefficient c3
FLOAT
06
Reserved for Factory Use
07
User Defined Date field (see end-of-table note)
INTEGER
08
Date of Factory Calibration (see end-of-table note)
INTEGER
09
Transducer Manufacturing Reference number
INTEGER
0A
Transducer Full-Scale Range code (see Appendix F)
INTEGER
---
0B-0F
Temperature 1, Pressures 1-5 voltages
FLOAT
10-14
Temperature 2, Pressures 1-5 voltages
FLOAT
15-19
Temperature 3, Pressures 1-5 voltages
FLOAT
1A-1E Temperature 3, Pressures 1-5 voltages
FLOAT
1F-23
Temperature 5, Pressures 1-5 voltages
FLOAT
24-28
Temperature 6, Pressures 1-5 voltages
FLOAT
29-2D
reserved for future use (temperature 7)
FLOAT
2E
Temperature 1 Temperature Output voltage at 0 psi
FLOAT
2F
Temperature 2 Temperature Output voltage at 0 psi
FLOAT
30
Temperature 3 Temperature Output voltage at 0 psi
FLOAT
31
Temperature 4 Temperature Output voltage at 0 psi
FLOAT
32
Temperature 5 Temperature Output voltage at 0 psi
FLOAT
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cc
Model 9116 User’s Manual
Datum
Type
Transducer Coefficients Description
33
Temperature 6 Temperature Output voltage at 0 psi
FLOAT
34
(reserved) Temperature 7 Temperature Output voltage at 0 psi
FLOAT
35
Temp Vs Pressure Correction coefficient (t0)
FLOAT
36
Temp Vs Pressure Correction coefficient (t1)
FLOAT
37
Temp Vs Pressure Correction coefficient (t2)
FLOAT
38
Temp Vs Pressure Correction coefficient (t3)
FLOAT
4D
Pressure Voltage Gain Index
INTEGER
4E
Temperature Voltage Gain Index
INTEGER
5F
Current Calculated Pressure (PSI)
FLOAT
The User Defined Date field (cc=07) is also a 32-bit integer which may be
encoded in a similar manner. Possible uses are to indicate the date of last user
zero and/or span calibration or possibly the date of next required calibration. If
this optional field is used, the user is responsible for correctly encoding the date
into the appropriate 32-bit integer value. Any modifications of this field (using
the Download Internal Coefficients (‘v’) command) will result in the new value
automatically being entered to transducer non-volatile memory.
The Date of Factory Calibration field (cc=08) identifies the date of factory
calibration for the DH200 transducer (9116). It is stored internally as a 32-bit
integer whose value (viewed as a decimal number) is in the format of yymmdd
(year, month, day).
A special single Other Coefficients array is selected with array index aa=11
(hex). All the valid coefficient indexes (for this array only) are listed in the
following table:
cc
Other Coefficients Description
Datum
Type
00
reserved - EU conversion offset term
FLOAT
01
EU Pressure Conversion scaler (default=1.0)
FLOAT
02
Reserved - EU conversion Non-Linearity term
FLOAT
03
Reserved-Reference Voltage value
FLOAT
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Example:
●
Send TCP/IP command to module (via its connected socket) requesting the most
recent calibration adjustment’s offset and gain terms (cc=00-01), and the
adjacent factory-determined transducer coefficients C0 through C4 (cc=02-06) for
transducer 1: Data requested in ASCII-hex format representing the internal
binary floating point format.
“u10100-06”
Response returned is:
“ 3B200A6E . . 00000000”
Note
Page 79
The maximum response size is 300 characters. If the requested
range of coefficients requested exceeds this, the module will return
an “N07" error response.
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Model 9116 User’s Manual
DOWNLOAD INTERNAL COEFFICIENTS (Command ‘v’)
Purpose:
Command
Downloads one or more internal coefficients to the module.
““vfaacc[-cc]dddd..dddd”
‘v’ is the command letter.
‘f’ is the format field.
‘aa’ is the array index field.
‘cc[-cc]’ is coefficient index [or contiguous range].
‘dddd’ are the datum field(s) each with a leading space.
Response
“A”
‘A’ is the acknowledge letter
Description: The 1-character format field (f) is a single decimal digit that defines the format of
each coefficient to be downloaded in the command’s datum ( dddd) fields, with
each datum preceded by a space character. Most coefficients have a floating
point datum type (f=0-1), while others have an integer datum type (f=5). Sending
a datum in the improper format will result in an “N08" error response. Valid format
types are shown in the following table:
f
converts each internal value from . . .
max. char.
0
1-10-digit signed decimal “ [-xxx]x.[xxxxxx]”
to
single binary float
13
1
8-digit hex integer “ xxxxxxxx”
to
single binary float
9
5
8-digit hex integer “ xxxxxxxx”
to
long binary integer
9
The 2-character array index field (aa) is a hexadecimal value selecting a
particular internal coefficient array to receive the downloaded data. The first
array index (aa=01) refers to channel 1's transducer, the 16th (aa=10) refers to
channel 16's transducer. Finally, the last array (aa=11) refers to a special global
array.
A single 1- or 2- character coefficient index field (c or cc) is a hexadecimal value
that selects a particular coefficient within the specified array. Multiple contiguous
coefficients may be specified by using a coefficient index “range” specified by
adding a hyphen (negative sign) between two such indexes.
The coefficients of internal DH200 transducers used in the Model 9116 are
selected with array indexes aa=01 through 10 (hex). All valid coefficient indexes
(for each of these arrays) are listed in the following table:
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cc
Model 9116 User’s Manual
Datum
Type
Transducer Coefficients Description
00
Re-zero Cal Adjustment (offset) term
(Note 1)
FLOAT
01
Span Cal Adjustment (gain) term
(Note 2)
FLOAT
07
User Defined Field
(Note 4)
INTEGER
09
Transducer Manufacturing Reference Number (Note 5)
INTEGER
0A
Transducer Full-Scale Range Code (See Appendix F) (Note 5)
INTEGER
(Note 1)
Related command ‘w08’ can be used to download the offset term to the
sensor’s non-volatile memory (digitally or non-digitally compensated sensor).
(Note 2)
Related command ‘w09’ can be used to download the gain term to the
sensor’s non-volatile memory (digitally or non-digitally compensated sensor).
(Note 4)
Data is immediately stored to the sensor’s non-volatile memory.
The User Defined Date field (cc=07) is a 32-bit integer. Possible uses are to I
ndicate the date of last user zero and/or span calibration or possibly the date of
next required calibration. If this optional field is used, the user is responsible for
correctly encoding the date into the appropriate 32-bit integer value e.g., a
decimally encoded ‘yymmdd’ date. Any modifications of this field (using the
Download Internal Coefficients (‘v’) command) will result in the new value
automatically being entered to transducer non-volatile memory.
A special single Other Coefficients array is selected with array index aa=11
(hex). All the valid coefficient indexes (for this array only) are listed in the
following table:
cc
01
Page 81
Other Coefficients Description
EU Pressure Conversion scaler (default=1.0)
Datum
Type
FLOAT
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Example:
●
Send TCP/IP command to module (i.e., via its connected socket): with
replacement values for the channel’s offset and gain correction terms loaded into
the module’s volatile memory (cc=00-01). Load these into channel # 8's
Transducer Coefficient array (aa=08).
“v00800-01 0.000 1.000”
Response returned is:
“A”
●
Send command to Model 9116 module (via its connected socket) to change its
default EU output from psi to kPa. This will be done by changing the EU
Pressure Conversion Scaler to 6.894757.
“v01101 6.894757”
Response returned is
“A”
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Model 9116 User’s Manual
SET/DO OPERATING OPTIONS/FUNCTIONS (Command ‘w’)
Purpose:
Change a module’s default operating option settings, or invoke special internal
operations or functions.
Command
“wii[dd[ eeee]]”
‘w’ is the command letter.
‘ii’ is the option index field.
‘dd’ is an [optional] hex datum field.
‘eeee’ is an [optional] extra datum with a leading space character.
“A”
‘A’ is the acknowledge letter
Response
Description: The index field (ii) contains two hex digits that identify the specific option to be
set or function to be performed. The datum field (dd), when present, contains 2
hex digits. A few indexes also require an extra datum field (eeee). Valid
options/functions are listed in the table below (-- marks a missing datum field in
its column, and fourth column shows any ‘q’ command index that reads same
option):
‘q’ read
index
ii
dd
00
---
Execute Internal Self Test.
01
---
Update Internal Thermal Coefficients.
02-06
---
Reserved for factory use
07
---
Store Operating Options in non-volatile flash memory.
08
---
09
---
0A
01-10
00
0B
01
Page 83
Description
Store Current Offset Terms in transducers’ non-volatile
memories.
Store Current Gain Terms in transducers’ non-volatile
memories.
Set Number of Channels in Module (default =16 for 9116).
Enable Automatic Shifting of Calibration Valve during
Calculate and Set Offsets (‘h’) command (default).
Disable Automatic Shifting of Calibration Valve in ‘h’.
User will manually control calibration value.
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ii
dd
00
0C
0D-0E
0F
01
-00
01
01-20
10
11
12
13
00
01
00
19
1B
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Disable periodic Thermal Coefficient Update task.
Enable periodic Thermal Coefficient Update task (default).
Set Number of A/D Samples to Average, (default = 8).
Valid values are 4, 8,16, 32, and 64. Other values below 64
are rounded up to the next valid value listed above.
Set Cal Valves to RUN or CAL/RE-ZERO Position (default)
— choice made by ii=0C.
Set Cal Valves to PURGE or LEAK Position — choice made
by ii=0C.
Use Static IP Address Resolution (default)
Use Dynamic IP Address Resolution (RARP/BOOTP)
(Results in immediately becoming the module’s new power-on
default)
Disable Host Response/Stream Back-Off Delay (default).
Enable Host Response/Stream Back-Off Delay as low-order
byte of Ethernet Address(converted to decimal value * 20
sec.).
Enable Host Response/Stream Back-Off Delay specified
per eeee as decimal value (* 20 sec.)
Disable Host Response/Stream Total Size Prefix (default).
Enable Host Response/Stream Total Size Prefix (2-byte
big-endian binary value with total size of response or stream
data in bytes that follows it).
Set TCP Connect Port per eeee as decimal value
(default=9000).
Disable Auto UDP Broadcast at Reset (default).
Enable Auto UDP Broadcast at Reset.
Set Minimum Temperature Alarm Set Point (in NC)
per eeee as decimal value (default = 0 NC).
Set Maximum Temperature Alarm Set Point ( in NC)
per eeee as decimal value (default = 60 NC).
Set Thermal Update Scan Interval per eeee as decimal
value (seconds), 1 <= eeee <= 3600 seconds (default = 15).
01
01
00
00
01
00
01
00
0B
see chart
below
Reserved for factory use
00
02
18
Set Cal Valves to RUN or LEAK Position (default)
— choice made by ii=12.
Set Cal Valves to CAL/RE-ZERO or PURGE Position —
choice made by ii=12.
Reserved for factory use
14
17
‘q’ read
index
Description
--
00
01
16
Model 9116 User’s Manual
05
0B
see chart
below
06
07
08
09
0A
0D
0E
11
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ii
dd
31
00
dd
32
3c
00
06
07
Model 9116 User’s Manual
‘q’ read
index
Description
Set module type alias. 1 eeee=9116 (default) or 9016
2
Set hardware trigger mode.
dd=00 trigger on positive going edge (default)
dd=01 trigger on negative going edge
dd=02 trigger on any edge (duty cycle must be taken into
account in order to avoid over-triggering)
Set temperature range = 0 to 60ºC (default)
Set temperature range = -30 to 60ºC
Set temperature range = -20 to 70ºC
00
32
1.
The set module type alias command instructs the 9116 to identify itself as a 9016 in response to the ‘psi9000' UDP broadcast
command, the UDP startup broadcast messages, and in response to the q0 command. This command is provided in support
of legacy software. Valid command responses are; ‘A’ - acknowledge, ‘N08’ - invalid command (9016s always return’N08’),
and ‘N07’ - invalid alias type. The module type alias setting can be made nonvolatile with the ‘w07’ command.
2.
The Set hardware trigger mode is always volatile and will be set to the default upon any interruption of power. Valid command
responses are; ‘A’ - acknowledge and ‘N08’ - invalid command (9016s always return ‘N08’).
Modification of option 13 hex results in the new option selection becoming the module’s new
power-on default. All other options must be stored in non-volatile flash memory using ‘w07’
command in order to be retained after the module power cycles.
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Model 9116 User’s Manual
The Valve Position indexes (ii=12 and ii=0C) each have two states (00/01) that when combined
provide four (4) possible states of the C1/C2/C3/C4 internal valves. This “Logical Rotary
Switch” with four (4) positions is summarized in the following chart:
C1 Energized
C2 Not
(0C=01)
C2 Energized
C1 Not
(0C=00)
C3 Energized
C4 Not
(12=01)
PURGE
position
LEAK/CHECK
position
C4 Energized
C3 Not
(12=00)
CAL/RE-ZERO
position
RUN
position
Example:
●
Send TCP/IP commands to Model 9116 module (via its connected socket)
setting the calibration valve to the CAL (or Re-Zero) position:
“w1200"
“w0C01”
(Set RUN/CAL valve position)
(Set CAL position)
Responses (both commands):
“A”
“A”
Note
Page 86
If the programmer “knows” that the module is already in the RUN/CAL
valve mode, the first command above is optional. For more information,
see Figures 4.1 through 4.4 in Chapter 4.
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Model 9116 User’s Manual
NETWORK QUERY (UDP/IP Command ‘psi9000’)
Purpose:
To determine how many (and which) modules are powered-up and operational
on the network.
Command
“psi9000"
Response
“ipadr, ethadr, sernum, mtype, sfwver, connst, ipadrst, lisport,
subnet, iparpst, udpast, pwrst,”
Description: When a module receives this broadcast command (by continuously monitoring
port 7000) it responds with a broadcast (on port 7001) with an ASCII response
containing comma-separated parameters. These are listed in the following table:
Parameter
ipadr
Meaning
IP address
ethadr
Ethernet address
sernum
Serial number
mtype
Module type (e.g., Model 9116)
sfwver
Software version (e.g., x.xx decimal format)
connst
Connection status (1=connected, 0=available)
ipadrst
IP address status (1=has one, 0=waiting for server)
lisport
IP listening port for connections (default=9000)
subnet
Subnet mask
iparpst
udpast
pwrst
IP address resolution status (1=uses RARP/BOOTP server, 0=uses
static IP address stored internally)
UDP auto status (1=broadcasts this response automatically after
connection possible, 0=only sends response for “psi9000" UDP/IP
command.
Power-up status (same as a ‘q02' command response)
Some special rack-mounted module types (e.g., 9816) also add rack, cluster, and slot
parameters to the response above. These additional parameters are added following the
‘pwrst’ parameter.
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Model 9116 User’s Manual
This uniform network query response allows a client host program to identify, configure, and use
any suitable group of modules (for the task at hand) by simply opening a TCP/IP connection
between itself and each available module needed.
Example:
●
Query all module(s) on the network.
“psi9000”
Response(s):
200.201.7.207, 0-e0-8d-1-7-cf, 1999, 9116, 2.32, 0, 1, 9000, 192.0.0.0, 0, 1, 0x0
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Model 9116 User’s Manual
RE-BOOT MODULE (UDP/IP Command ‘psireboot’)
Purpose:
To unconditionally “reboot” a specified module.
Command
“psireboot ethadr”
where ethadr is the Ethernet address of the specified module in the
following special hex-digit format
‘xx-xx-xx-xx-xx-xx’
Response
none (module reboots)
Description: When a Model 9116 module receives this broadcast command, (by continuously
monitoring port 7000) it responds by immediately restarting its firmware. The
result is essentially the same as a power-up restart, in that any TCP/IP
connection is lost, and the module returns to its normal startup state. The host
must wait long enough for the re-boot process to be completed before it can
again request a connection to the module.
Example:
●
Re-boot a specified module on the network.
“psireboot 00-E0-8D-00-00-01”
Response:
(None)
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CHANGE MODULE’S IP ADDRESS RESOLUTION METHOD & RE-BOOT
(UDP/IP Command ‘psirarp’)
Purpose:
Command
Response
To change (toggle) the current IP address resolution state (ipaarpst) of a
specified module, and then unconditionally “re-boot” it.
“psirarp ethadr”
where ethadr is the Ethernet address of the specified module in the
following special hex-digit format
‘xx-xx-xx-xx-xx-xx’
none (module re-boots)
Description: When a Model 9116 module receives this broadcast command, (by continuously
monitoring port 7000) it responds by toggling its current ARP method to one of
two states: dynamic resolution or static resolution. Then it restarts its firmware.
The result is essentially the same as a power-up restart, in that any TCP/IP
connection is lost, and the module returns to its normal startup state. However, if
it used the static resolution method before it received this command, after the reboot, it will not have a valid IP address until an external network server (RARP or
BOOTP) provides it with one. However, executing the command a second time
will restore it to using its original statically-assigned IP address (after another reboot finishes).
Just as for the “psireboot” command, the host must wait long enough for the reboot process to be completed before it can again request a connection to the
module.
Example:
●
Reconfigure a specified module on the network so that it uses its “other” IP
address resolution method, and also re-boot it. Presumably, the host knew the
module’s current state (iparpst) as a result of a recent Network Query response
from the module.
“psirarp 00-E0-8D-00-00-01”
Response:
(None)
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Model 9116 User’s Manual
Chapter 4
Calibration
4.1
Introduction
Each internal DH200 transducer in a Model 9116 Intelligent Pressure Scanner contains nonvolatile read/write memory capable of storing the transducer's full thermal and pressure
calibration data.
The Model 9116 Intelligent Pressure Scanner module uses a third-order polynomial to convert
transducer output voltage to pressure. All calculations are carried out internally using high
precision math. The following formula is used for all pressure output calculations.
where:
PT(V)
=
PT
=
V
=
C0(T) .. C3(T) =
CRZ
CSPAN
=
=
[C0(T) + C1(T)*V + C2(T)*V2 + C3(T)*V3] * C SPAN - CRZ
Calculated applied pressure
Transducer output voltage
Conversion coefficients generated from calibration data at
temperature T.
Re-zero adjustment’s “offset”correction coefficient
Span adjustment’s “gain” correction coefficient
Since the polynomial’s coefficients are a function of the current temperature, they are
dynamically re-calculated by the module firmware (with other equations) to compensate for each
transducer’s measured temperature change.
Each Model 9116 Intelligent Pressure Scanner contains an integral purge/leak check calibration
manifold. Through software commands, this valve may be placed in one of four positions: RUN,
CAL, PURGE, or LEAK-CHARGE. (See the Set/Do Operating Options/Functions (‘w’)
command (ii=0C & 12) in Chapter 3, and in particular the Valve Position Chart at the end of
command’s description.) When each module’s internal calibration valve is placed in the
CAL/RE-ZERO position (through software commands), all DH200 transducer pressure inputs
are pneumatically connected to the CAL input ports. All DH200 reference inputs are
pneumatically connected to the CAL REF input port. The CAL input may be used to perform
on-line zero adjustment of the 9116’s transducers. This capability virtually eliminates sensor
zero drift error and ensures the highest possible data accuracy. The CAL input may also be
used for DH200 span adjustment calibrations. Span calibration of multi-range scanners may
also utilize the CAL input ports if the highest applied pressure does not exceed the proof
pressure rating of any installed transducer.
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Model 9116 User’s Manual
For reference when operating the Model 9116 calibration manifold, Figures 4.1 through
4.4 show simplified pneumatic diagrams of the calibration manifold in its various
positions.
Note
Periodic zero and span calibration should be the only calibration
required to maintain specified performance throughout the life of the
scanner.
Figures 4.1 – 4.4
Pneumatic Diagrams of the Calibration Manifold
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4.2 Re-zero Calibration
All Model 9116 Intelligent Pressure Scanners are capable of independently performing a
transducer calibration adjustment function, referred to as Re-zero adjustment (or simply Re-zero
Cal). The Re-zero calibration will result in a recalculated “offset” coefficient for each channel
being calibrated, which automatically compensates for any transducer offset drift errors. Since
the factory-set coefficients in each transducer (that characterize both pressure and temperature)
are extremely stable over time, these simple offset corrections compensate for the majority of
transducer errors over time. For this reason, a Re-zero may be the only calibration adjustment
required by many applications. For those applications requiring more accuracy, an optional
single-point Span-only calibration adjustment will be described in Section 4.3. An improved
multi-point calibration adjustment, integrating both the Re-zero and Span calibration process will
be described in Section 4.4.
For Model 9116, with integral DH200 pneumatic transducers, internal manifolds and valves
allow a Re-zero calibration to be accomplished easily and automatically.
When instructed to execute a Calculate and Set Offsets (‘h’) command, the NetScanner™
System module will automatically perform the Re-zero adjustment calibration, and then update
the offset coefficients in its volatile memory. It will subsequently use the newly calculated terms
for all future engineering-unit calculations until power is lost to the module.
Note
4.2.1.
When using the Calculate and Set Offsets command (‘h’), only local
terms in the module’s volatile main memory (RAM) are updated.
Under normal operation, it is not recommended to store these new
coefficients in transducer non-volatile memory. Instead, the re-zero
should be performed at regular intervals..
Re-zero Calibration Valve Control
When instructed to execute a Re-zero (Calculate and Set Offsets (‘h’)) command, Model 9116
modules will normally shift the internal calibration valve into the CAL position and use the
pressures present at the CAL and CAL REF inputs for the “minimum” (e.g., zero) calibration
pressure. After the Re-zero adjustment is complete, the Model 9116 calibration valve will be
placed in the RUN position. This automatic shift of the calibration valve can be disabled through
use of the Set Operating Options (‘w’) (option index=0B hex) command. This allows
independent control of the calibration valve by the user using other options (see option indexes
= 0C and 12 hex) of the same command.
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4.2.2
Model 9116 User’s Manual
Re-zero Calibration Summary
Following is a simple, step-by-step procedure for executing a Re-zero calibration of a Model
9116 Intelligent Pressure Scanner. Optional commands are shown within brackets [ ].
Description
Disable automatic valve shifting after module power up.
Ensure valves in RUN/CAL mode (default)
Model 9116 Command
[w0B01]
[w1200]
… normal data acquisition
Apply 0.0 psi differential to the module CAL and CAL REF
inputs.
Place the module calibration manifolds into the CAL position
[if w0B01 command executed in Step 1]
w0C01
Delay for settling of pneumatic inputs
Verify that measured data reads near expected zero value
Instruct module to calculate new offset coefficients for all 16
channels of Model 9116
Place calibration manifold back into the RUN position [if
w0B01 command executed in Step 1]
Store new offset coefficients to transducer nonvolatile
memory
[rFFFF0]
hFFFF
[w0C00]
[w08]
… continue normal data acquisition
4.3
Span Calibration
For improved accuracy, Model 9116 Intelligent Pressure Scanners are capable of
independently performing a transducer calibration function, referred to as Span adjustment (or
simply Span Cal). Actually, there is a provision to supply any suitable “upscale” pressure (e.g.,
actual transducer full-scale) during such a calibration adjustment. The Span adjustment
calibration will result in a recalculated “gain” coefficient for each channel being calibrated, to
compensate for any transducer or module gain errors. For best results, a Re-zero calibration
should be performed before performing a span calibration. Also, note that a new and improved
Multi-Point Calibration function exists. This function integrates the separate calibration
functions (for Re-zero and Span adjustment described in Section 4.2 and this section) into a
single function that adjusts both “offset” and “gain” coefficients at the same time, using two or
more calibration points. Details of using this improved calibration function are described in
Section 4.4.
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Model 9116 User’s Manual
For Model 9116, with integral DH200 transducers, internal manifolds and valves allow a Span
adjustment pneumatic calibration to be accomplished easily and automatically.
It is recommended that a Span adjustment be performed whenever new transducers are
installed in the instrument. In such cases, the new gain coefficients that result should always be
stored back into the transducer’s non-volatile memory. In other cases, the user’s application
may not require periodic span adjustment since the other factory-determined
pressure/temperature coefficients (stored permanently inside each transducer) are extremely
stable. Only an occasional Re-zero adjustment may be all that is necessary.
When instructed to execute a Calculate and Set Gains (‘Z’) command, the module will perform
the Span adjustment calibration, and then update the gain coefficients in its memory. It will
subsequently use the newly calculated gain terms for subsequent engineering-unit calculations
until power is lost to the module.
Note
4.3.1.
When using the Calculate and Set Gain (‘Z’) command, only the local
variables in the module’s volatile main memory (RAM) are changed.
Span Calibration Valve Control
Before executing a Span adjustment (Calculate and Set Gains (‘Z’) command), the Model
9116 modules should have their calibration manifold valve placed in the proper position. For
single pressure range units the CAL position should be used since the span calibration pressure
can be applied between the CAL and CAL REF ports. Since the module will not attempt to shift
this valve automatically, as it does for Re-zero adjustment, it should manually be placed in the
desired position with the Set Operating Options (‘w’) command (option indexes = 0C and 12).
When span calibrating Model 9116 modules with multiple ranges installed, the CAL port may be
used to apply pressure to all transducers only if the specified proof pressure is not
exceeded on any channel. Refer to Calculate and Set Gains (‘Z’) command to specify the
channels to be affected by the command in a multi-range unit. If the application of a specific
span pressure exceeds the proof pressure rating of any other transducer contained within the
same scanner, the calibration pressures must be applied to the RUN side pneumatic input ports.
Since the calibration command (‘Z’) has a channel selection bit map parameter allowing it to
calibrate only the desired pressure channels, the RUN port is a viable option for supplying the
calibration pressures.
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4.3.2.
Model 9116 User’s Manual
Span Calibration Summary
Following is a simple, step-by-step procedure for executing a “full scale” span calibration of a
9116 Intelligent Pressure Scanner. It is assumed that all channels in the unit are of the same full
scale pressure range. Optional commands are shown within brackets [ ].
Description
Ensure that valves are in RUN/CAL mode (default)
Model 9116 Command
[w1200]
… normal data acquisition
Perform Re-zero calibration
Place the module calibration manifolds into the CAL position
if this is the desired pressure application input. The RUN
position may be a better choice for modules with
transducers having different ranges.
Apply exact full scale pressure to appropriate module CAL
and CAL REF inputs [or optionally to RUN inputs].
See Section 4.2.2
[w0C01] for CAL
[w0C00] for RUN
Delay for settling of pneumatic inputs
Verify that measured data reads near expected full scale
[rFFFF0]
Instruct module to calculate new gain coefficients for all 16
channels
ZFFFF
Place calibration manifold back into the RUN position
w0C00
Store new gain coefficients to transducer non-volatile
memory
w09
… continue normal data acquisition
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Model 9116 User’s Manual
Following is a simple, step-by-step procedure for executing a specified-value span calibration of
a Model 9116 Intelligent Pressure Scanner. For the purposes of this example, it will be assumed
that an upscale pressure of 14.9800 psi is available from a dead weight tester for the calibration
of 15 psi internal transducers. All sixteen channels are 15 psi full scale.
Description
Ensure that valves are in RUN/CAL mode (default)
Model 9116 Command
[w1200]
… normal data acquisition
Perform Re-zero calibration first
Place the module calibration manifolds into the CAL position
if this is the desired pressure application input. The RUN
position may be a better choice for modules with
transducers having different ranges.
With a deadweight tester, apply 14.9800psi to the
appropriate module CAL and CAL REF inputs [or optionally
to RUN inputs]
See Section 4.2.2
[w0C01] for CAL
[w0C00] for RUN
Delay for settling of pneumatic inputs
Verify measured data reads near expected full scale
Instruct module to calculate new gain coefficients for all 16
channels
[rFFFF0]
ZFFFF 14.98
Place calibration manifold back into the RUN position
w0C00
Store new gain coefficients to transducer non-volatile
memory
w09
… continue normal data acquisition
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4.4
Model 9116 User’s Manual
Integrated Multi-Point Calibration Adjustment
Model 9116 Intelligent Pressure Scanners may have their accuracy enhanced by regular
application of one or both of the individual Re-zero and Span calibration adjustment functions
already described in Sections 4.2 and 4.3. An integrated and more comprehensive Multi-Point
Calibration function may be used instead to adjust the same offset and gain coefficients for a
module’s channels. This function also provides for supplying additional calibration points, which
is particularly useful when it is desired to fit the adjustment data to the entire negative and
positive range of the module. This integrated calibration adjustment function is fully described in
this section. It is implemented by four (4) sub-commands of the ‘C’ command. Since this
function combines the functions of the Re-zero and Span calibration adjustments (using the ‘h’
and ‘Z’ commands) it is recommended that you read the information of Section 4.2 and 4.3
before attempting to perform this multi-point calibration.
It is recommended that a Multi-Point Calibration adjustment be performed whenever new
transducers are installed in your module. In such cases, the new zero and gain coefficients that
result should always be restored into the transducer’s non-volatile memory afterwards. In some
cases, the user’s application may not require such a comprehensive adjustment as the other
factory-determined pressure/temperature coefficients (stored permanently inside each
transducer) are extremely stable. Only an occasional Re-zero adjustment may be all that is
necessary.
When instructed to execute a particular sequence of sub-commands of the Configure MultiPoint Calibration (‘C’) command, the module will perform the various stages of the Multi-Point
Calibration adjustment calibration function, and then update both the offset and gain coefficients
in the module’s volatile (e.g., RAM) memory. The module will use this newly calculated data
term for all subsequent engineering-unit calculations.
4.4.1.
Multi-Point Calibration Valve Control
Before executing a Multi-Point Calibration adjustment (using various forms of the
Configure/Control Multi-Point Calibration (‘C’) command), Model 9116 modules should have
their calibration valve placed in the proper position. For modules with only one common
pressure range for its transducers, the CAL position should be used since the span calibration
pressure can be applied between the CAL and CAL REF ports (see Section 4.3.1 for more
information on these ports). Since the module will not attempt to shift this valve automatically,
as it does for Re-zero adjustment, it should be placed in the desired position manually with the
Set Operating Options (‘w’) command (option indexes = 0C and 12). This is illustrated in the
example of the next section.
Note
When using the Configure/Control Multi-Point Calibration (‘C’)
command, only the local variables in the module’s volatile main
memory (RAM) are changed.
When multi-point calibrating Model 9116 modules with multiple ranges installed, the CAL port
may be used to apply pressure to all transducers only if the specified proof pressure is not
exceeded on any channel. If the application of a specific span pressure exceeds the proof
pressure rating of any other transducer contained within the same scanner, the calibration
pressures must be applied to the RUN side pneumatic input ports. Since the calibration
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Model 9116 User’s Manual
command (‘C’) has a channel selection bit map parameter allowing it to calibrate only the
desired pressure channels, the RUN port is a viable option for supplying the calibration
pressures.
4.4.2
Multi-Point Calibration Summary
Following is a simple step-by-step procedure for executing a “multi-point” calibration of a Model
9116 Intelligent Pressure Scanner. It is assumed that all channels in the unit have the same fullscale pressure range. Optional commands are shown within brackets [ ]. Should it become
necessary to abandon this calibration procedure once it is started, you may execute the Abort
sub-command [‘C 03'] of ‘C’ at any time after the first ‘C’ sub-command.
Description
Ensure that valves in RUN/CAL mode (default).
Model 9116
Command
[w1200]
… normal data acquisition assumed to be running
Place the module calibration manifolds into the CAL
position if this is the desired pressure application input.
[w0C01]
for CAL
The RUN position may be a better choice for modules with
transducers having different ranges.
[w0C00]
for RUN
Ready the module for multi-point calibration by executing
the Configure & Start (‘00’) sub-command of ‘C’. This
establishes all the channels to be affected, and determines
the total number of calibration points that will be supplied (3
in this example) in later steps. It also starts module
averaging for calibration (64 samples in this example). The
linear fit (1) is required.
C 00 FFFF 3 1
64
Apply 1st calibration pressure to the module’s CAL or RUN
inputs. The zero (0.0) point is assumed in this case.
After applying zero pressure verify that this pressure is
measured correctly by the module.
When the data are stable, enter the Collect Data (‘01’)
sub-command of ‘C’ specifying this first calibration point (1)
with zero pressure (0.0).
[rFFFF0]
C 01 1 0.0
Apply 2nd calibration pressure to the module’s CAL or
RUN inputs. A full-scale (+5 psi) point is assumed in this
case.
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Verify that pressure reads correctly.
When the data are stable, enter another Collect Data
(‘01’) sub-command of ‘C’ specifying this second
calibration point (2) with 5.0 psi pressure.
Model 9116 User’s Manual
[rFFFF0]
C 01 2 5.0
Apply 3rd calibration pressure to the module’s CAL or
RUN inputs. A mid-scale negative (-2.5 psi) point is
assumed in this case. A vacuum pump is normally
required to achieve such a pressure with 903x calibrators.
Verify that measured pressure reads correctly.
When the data are stable, enter last Collect Data (‘01’)
sub-command of ‘C’ for this point (3) with a negative
(-2.5 psi) pressure.
Now that data have been collected for every point
originally specified, calculate and apply the new coefficient
data with a Calculate and Apply (‘02’) sub-command of
‘C’. This also restores the module to using its original
averaging parameters that existed before the first ‘C’
command.
Place calibration manifold back into the RUN position, if
the CAL position was used.
Store new offset and gain coefficients into transducer nonvolatile memory.
[rFFFF0]
C 01 3 -2.5
C 02
[w0C00]
w08
w09
… continue normal data acquisition.
4.5
Coefficient Storage
The various calibration functions described in Sections 4.2 through 4.4 update the active offset
and gain coefficients, respectively, in the module’s volatile main memory (RAM) only. These
newer calibration coefficients will be lost when instrument power is turned off. The Set/Do
Operating Options (‘w’) command may be used to also store these coefficients back in each
transducer’s nonvolatile memory. This command’s option index = 08 will store new offset
coefficients, while its option index = 09 will store new gain coefficients.
A user may read (and should verify) any new offset and/or gain coefficients after performing
each calibration adjustment command (i.e., by saving coefficient data returned in a command
‘h’ or ‘Z’ response), or the Read Internal Coefficients (‘u’) command may be used to read
them any time after calibration adjustment commands have been performed (see coefficient
indexes cc=00 and 01 for arrays aa=01 through 10). These “adjusted” coefficients may be
verified, and then saved by storing them in each transducer’s non-volatile memory with the ‘w’
command described above.
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Model 9116 User’s Manual
Alternately, they may be verified and stored on the host computer’s secondary storage, and
later restored (if necessary) with the Download Internal Coefficients (‘v’) command (same
array/coefficient indexes as ‘u’).
4.6
Line Pressure Precautions
When operating Model 9116 pressure scanners at elevated line or reference pressures, care
must be taken when any command is issued that may result in shifting of the calibration valve.
The user must ensure that any valve shifts will not result in the internal DH200 transducers
being exposed to pressure transients that may exceed the proof pressure rating of the
transducer. This is especially important when operating at elevated reference pressures as a
shift to the CAL position may result in a rapid pressure change if the CAL/CAL REF pressure
varies greatly from the measurement reference pressure.
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Model 9116 User’s Manual
Chapter 5
Service
5.1
Maintenance
This section provides a detailed step-by-step guide for performing repair and maintenance of
Model 9116 Intelligent Pressure Scanners. The method for upgrading module firmware is also
presented in Section 5.2.
Figure 5.1 is an exploded view of the Model 9116. Please refer to this drawing for an
understanding of the construction of Intelligent Pressure Scanners models. Figure 5.1a depicts
the 9116 top plate.
Figure 5.1
Exploded View of Model 9116
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Note
Model 9116 User’s Manual
It must be emphasized that printed circuit boards in Model 9116
module are field replaceable, but are NOT field repairable.
Figure 5.1a
Model 9116 Top Plate
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Model 9116 User’s Manual
Table 5.1 provides a convenient cross reference summary of the components found in your
Model 9116 Intelligent Pressure Scanner. This may be used as a guide to identify the
appropriate component replacement sections in this chapter.
Table 5.1
Component Cross Reference
Component
5.1.1
Section
PC-322 Main Board PCB Assembly
5.1.3.3
PC-323 PowerPC daughterboard PCB
Assembly
5.1.3.1
PC-327 Analog PCB Assembly
5.1.3.2
Internal Pneumatic Calibration
Manifold
5.1.6
Internal Solenoid Valves
5.1.5
Internal DH-200 Transducer
5.1.4
Common Maintenance
Your Model 9116 Intelligent Pressure Scanner is designed for rugged use. No special
preventive maintenance is required, although periodic maintenance may be required to replace
worn or damaged components. Upgrades or modifications of module hardware or firmware
may also be periodically required. For users who wish to do their own maintenance and repairs,
maintenance kits and replacement parts for each model may be purchased from the factory.
All circuit boards are sensitive to electrostatic discharges. Anti-static protection is required
whenever the unit is open.
When performing any type of maintenance of Model 9116 components, the following guidelines
and precautions should always be followed:
●
Verify that the work area and technicians are properly grounded to prevent damage to
electronic components due to electrostatic discharge.
●
Ensure that all electrical and pneumatic connections have been removed from the module.
●
Ensure that the work area is free of dust and other possible contaminants that may affect
the high tolerance machined parts (and pneumatic seals, if model has an integral
manifold).
●
Care must be taken to prevent contaminants from reaching O-ring surfaces. If O-ring
surfaces require cleaning, use a lint-free applicator with acetone to remove dirt and lightly
lubricate the O-ring surface with Krytox® provided in the maintenance kit.
●
Never use sharp objects to cut tubing from the bulged tubes. The tiny scratches left on
the tubes could cause leaks.
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Model 9116 User’s Manual
In the process of performing general maintenance on a module and in printed-circuit board
replacement, the following tools may be required:
●
●
●
●
●
3/32" and 5/64" Allen-head screwdrivers,
a 3/16" hex wrench,
a needle nose tweezers,
a Phillips-head screwdriver, and
a small adjustable wrench.
5.1.2
Module Disassembly
The following procedure should be used to disassemble any model prior to any maintenance.
(1) Place the scanner with its external connectors facing up. With one hand holding the
module housing, remove all screws securing the top plate to the module housing. These are
located around the outer edge of the top panel of the module housing. The Model 9116 uses
twelve (12) Phillips head screws around the top plate outside perimeter.
(2) When all screws have been removed, gently lift the top panel and attached electronics up
and out of the housing. All components of the pressure scanner are attached to the top plate
and will lift out of the module housing when the top plate is removed. See Figure 5.2. Carefully
remove the Viton gasket with the module top plate. In some cases, it may be easier to hold the
top plate and turn the module over, lifting the housing off the top panel.
5.1.3
Electronic Circuit Board Replacement
The Model 9116 contains three (3) printed circuit boards (PCB); the PC-322 main board, the
PC-323 PowerPC Daughter board, and the PC-327 analog board. However, the PC-322 and
PC323 boards are normally left attached to each other and are treated as a single assembly.
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5.1.3.1
Model 9116 User’s Manual
PC-327 Analog Board
The following procedures should be used for replacement of the PC-327 Analog Board. Use
the tools and follow the general precautions described in Section 5.1.1.
(1) Disassemble the module as described in Section 5.1.2. Carefully remove the wiring
harness from connector P1 of the PC-327 board. Note the orientation of the PC-327
relative to the rest of the module to ensure the new PC-327 is installed in the same position.
(2) Remove the two (2) Phillips-head screws securing the PC-327 board to the DH200
transducers. Carefully disconnect the PC-327 board from the DH200s by slowly working
the board off; starting at one end and moving down the length of the board. It is important
that the gold pins are not bent when removing the board.
(3) Replace the old PC-327 board with a new one by placing it loosely on top of the DH200s.
Ensure the board end containing connector P1 is oriented the same as the board just
removed. Inspect and make sure that all the gold pins fit easily into the female end of the
connector on the DH200 transducers. Press the board down evenly until all pins are firmly
seated.
(4) Install the two (2) Phillips-head screws to secure the PC-327 to the DH200s. Be careful not
to over-tighten. Install the wiring harness to connector P1 of the PC-327, ensuring proper
pin 1 location. (Pin 1 of the ribbon cable has a red stripe while pin one of P1 will
contain a square solder pad on the PC-327.)
(5) Carefully align the gasket on the top plate, ensuring it is free of contaminants. Re-install
the module electronics into the extrusion case. Ensure that the alignment posts in the
module's bottom panel align with the PC-327 or PC-322 electronics support brackets when
placing the top panel and electronics back into the housing.
(6) Replace the screws that secure the top panel to the scanner housing and tighten. Do not
over- tighten; 7-9 inch-pounds torque should be sufficient.
(7) Test your scanner to ensure proper operation.
5.1.3.2
PC-322/323 Main Board/PowerPC Daughter Board Assembly
The following procedures should be used for replacement of the PC-322/323 Main
Board/PowerPC Daughter board assembly. Use the tools and follow the general warnings
already described in Section 5.1.1.
(1) Disassemble the module as described in Section 5.1.2.
(2) Carefully remove any attached wiring harnesses from connectors P3 and P6 of the PC322/323 board assembly. This will require cutting one nylon tie-wrap attached to the center
mounting bracket. The wiring harness from P1 will be disconnected in the following step.
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(3)
Model 9116 User’s Manual
Remove the three (3) 2-56 Phillips head screws securing the PC-322/323
assembly mounting brackets to the top plate. These screws will be in line with the
PC-322/323 LEDs that protrude through the top plate. Carefully lift the board out
of the top panel. Remove the wiring harness from P1. See Figure 5.3.
Figure 5.3
PC-322/323 Assembly
(4) Install the wiring harness from the circular connector attached to the top plate onto P1 on
the new PC-322/323 assembly.
(5) Place the new PC-322/323 assembly so that its connectors and LEDs protrude through the
top panel, dressing the wiring harness from P1 so that no more than one layer of the
harness will be trapped between the board assembly and the valve assembly. Loosely
install the three (3) 2-56 screws to secure the PC-322/323 assembly mounting brackets to
the top panel. (To ease reassembly, they will be tightened after installing the electronics
back into the module case.)
(6) Reinstall any previously installed wiring harnesses on connectors P3 and P6 of the PC322/323 assembly . Ensure proper pin 1 orientation when installing these connectors.
(Pin 1 of the ribbon cable has a red stripe while pin one of P1 will contain a square
solder pad on the PC-327.)
(7) Install the wiring harnesses so they are dressed away from, and will not be pinched or
punctured when the alignment posts enter the holes in the assembly mounting brackets.
Install the module electronics into the extrusion case, ensuring the alignment posts in the
module’s bottom panel align with the holes in the PC-322/323 assembly mounting brackets.
Ensure that there are no conductors from the P1 harness pinched between the top plate
and the extrusion. Ensure that the top plate gasket is properly installed. Install the screws
that secure the top panel to the housing. Tighten the three (3) screws attached to the PC322/323 assembly mounting brackets.
(8) Test your scanner to ensure proper operation.
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5.1.3.3
(1)
Model 9116 User’s Manual
Remove and Replace PC-323 (Daughter board) on PC-322 (Main PCB)
Remove the two (2) Phillips-head screws that hold the PC-323 onto the PC-322 board.
(Figure 5.3a)
Remove Phillips-head screws
(screw already removed)
Figure 5.3a
Removing PC-323 Daughter Board
(2)
Gently rock the PC-323 board back and forth to loosen it and then lift straight up to
remove it. Place the old PC-323 in an electrostatically-protected bag for possible repair
at the PSI factory.
Nylon spacer
Figure 5.3b
PC-323 Daughter Board Removed froom PC-322
(3)
Remove the new PC-323 board from its electrostatically-protected container. Ensure the
nylon spacer is in place on top of the mounting bar and over the threaded hole. (See
above photograph, Figure 5.3b). Align the two (2) 40-pin connectors and press the
board into place.
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Secure the PC-323 board in place using the long screw through the mounting bar and
the short screw into the hex standoff.
Figure 5.3c
PC-322 Board
(4)
Turn the assembly over. Replace the nylon washer and secure the nut to the
back of the long screw going through the mounting bar as depicted in Figure 5.3c.
(5)
Reassemble the scanner as previously described and test for proper operation.
5.1.4
Replacement of Transducers
Your Model 9116 has internal DH200 pneumatic transducers, as well as an internal calibration
manifold with associated valves and O-rings. All these elements occasionally require service or
replacement as described in the following sections.
Following is a step-by-step procedure to replace a DH200 transducer in a Model 9116
Intelligent Pressure Scanner. Use the tools and follow the general warnings already described
in Section 5.1.1.
Figure 5.4
Top View of DH200
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(1) Disassemble the module as described in Section 5.1.2.
(2) Remove the PC-327 Analog board as described in Section 5.1.3.1. Lay the circuit board
aside on an anti-static surface.
(3) Remove the retaining screw from the desired DH200 transducer. Lift the transducer
straight up to remove it. Make sure that the two (2) O-rings remain with the transducer as it
is removed from the adapter plate. Ensure that the adapter plate O-ring sealing surface is
clean and free of contaminants. See Figure 5.4 (above).
(4) Replace the DH200, making sure that the electrical connections are located on the outer
edge of the cubic design. Be sure that the two (2) O-rings are in place on the DH200 and
that O-ring surfaces are free of contaminants. The DH200 must fit the guiding pins
smoothly and be aligned with all other DH200 transducers. Tighten the retaining screw to
40 inch-ounces ±5 inch-ounces of torque.
(5) Replace the PC-327 Analog board as described in Section 5.1.3.1 and reassemble the
module. Ensure that the two hex-head standoff screws are installed on DH200 positions 2
and 15 and that they align with the two PC-206 mounting holes.
(6) Test your scanner to ensure proper operation.
5.1.5
Calibration Valve Solenoid Replacement
Following is a step-by-step procedure to replace the Calibration Valve Solenoids in a Model
9116 Intelligent Pressure Scanner. All Model 9116 scanners contain the purge and leak check
calibration manifold and contain two solenoid valves. Use the tools and follow the general
warnings already described at the start of Section 5.1.1. Refer to Section 5.1.6.5 for details
concerning solenoid O-ring replacement.
Note
The hex-head standoff screws used on DH200 positions 2 and 15 are
used to secure the PC-327. These hex-head screws should not be
over-tightened or else the screw may break. (Recommended 40
inch-ounces for all DH200 screws)
(1) Disassemble the module as described in Section 5.1.2.
(2) Carefully remove the two (2) Phillips-head screws from the top of the solenoid. Disconnect
the solenoid from connector P6 of the PC-322 Main Board Assembly. See Figure 5.5.
(3)
If the either the new or old solenoid does not have a pluggable wiring harness at the
solenoid, the new solenoid wires will require crimp pins to be installed for insertion in the
P6 mating housing. The proper crimp pin is Molex part number 08-56-0110. After
installing the crimp pins to the solenoid wiring, remove the old crimp pins from the Molex
P6 housing and insert the new solenoid’s wiring. Ensure that the new wires are installed
in the same position as the old wires.
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Solenoids
Figure 5.5
Solenoids in Module
(4) Ensure the three (3) solenoid manifold O-rings are present and free of contaminants.
Replace the solenoid with the new one by carefully aligning and gently tightening the
screws.
(5) Attach the wiring harness to the solenoid and connector P6 of the PC-322 Main Board
Assembly.
(6) Reassemble the module.
(7) Test your scanner to enusre proper operation.
5.1.6
Replacement of O-Rings
Pressure Systems’ calibration valves include static and dynamic O-ring seals. When used
properly, the rated durability of the dynamic O-rings is in excess of 1,000,000 shifts of the
calibration valve.
The procedures described below should be used for replacement of all the O-rings in the Model
9116 Intelligent Pressure Scanner. Use the tools and follow the general warnings already
described at the start of Section 5.1.
The material needed for the O-ring replacement can be acquired through the proper
maintenance kit available from Pressure Systems. Specifically needed for these procedures are
calibration manifold and piston O-rings, Teflon cup seals, a fast evaporating cleaning fluid ( i.e.
acetone, alcohol, Freon®, etc.), 50 psi dry air supply, and Krytox® fluorinated grease (read
product warnings and recommendations thoroughly). Service of O-ring seals requires a
clean working environment. Introduction of contaminants to the O-ring or internal calibration
manifold surfaces can result in internal pneumatic leaks. Inspection for contaminates generally
requires some type of magnification device, such as a microscope.
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5.1.6.1
Model 9116 User’s Manual
DH200 Pressure Transducer O-Ring Replacement
Please note that the DH200 O-rings are used for static seals only. They will typically not require
replacement unless exposed to improper liquid media (which will also damage other 9116
components). Following is a step-by-step procedure to replace a DH200 O-Ring should it be
required:
(1) Disassemble the module as described in Section 5.1.2.
(2) Remove the PC-327 Analog board as described in Section 5.1.3.1. Lay the circuit board
aside on an anti-static surface.
(3)
Remove the DH200 transducer(s) as described in Section 5.1.4. If more than one DH200
is removed, it is recommended to record their serial numbers prior to removal to ensure
they are reinstalled in the same locations.
(4) Using tweezers, remove the two (2) O-rings from the
DH200. Clean the O-ring cup with a lint-free
applicator moistened with a cleaning fluid such as
acetone, alcohol, Freon®, or any other substance
that evaporates quickly and leaves very little
residue. Remove any excess cleaner with the air
supply as soon as possible. Do not blow air directly
into the holes of the surface since that can drive the
fluid into the transducer and/or rupture the silicon
pressure transducer.
Figure 5.6
DH200 Transducer O-Ring Replacement
(5) With clean hands, apply a small amount of Krytox® fluorinated grease to the palm of one
hand and rub it out evenly with your index finger. Place one new O-ring onto your greased
palm. Work the O-ring around until it is evenly greased. The O-ring should shine when
properly lubricated. There should be no white area of excess grease on the O-ring. Make
sure there is only a thin film of lubrication on the O-ring. Using your greased finger, place
the greased O-rings in the cups on the DH200. Ensure that no grease enters the hole that
leads into the transducer.
(6) Reinstall the DH200 as described in Section 5.1.4.
(7) Repeat steps 3, 4, 5 and 6 for each set of O-rings in need of replacement.
(8) Replace the PC-327 Analog board as described in Section 5.1.3.1 and reassemble the
module.
(9) Test your scanner to ensure proper operation.
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5.1.6.2
Model 9116 User’s Manual
Tubing Plate O-Ring Replacement
The following is a step-by-step procedure to replace Tubing Plate O-rings in a Model 9116
Intelligent Pressure Scanner.
(1) Disassemble the module as described in Section 5.1.2.
(2) Place the scanner with the tubing plate on a clean, lint free surface.
(3) Hold the top plate/calibration valve assembly with one hand, supporting the bottom
assembly to prevent dropping when all screws are removed. Remove the six (6) Allenhead screws on the top plate that secure the valve assembly to the top plate.
(4) Carefully rotate or slide the tubing plate back and forth, pivoting on the guiding pin about
1/8" several times. This is done to loosen the O-rings from the calibration manifold. Lift the
tubing plate straight up. Do not touch the calibration manifold.
(5) Inspect for the presence of shim washers around each of the six (6) screws. If washers are
present, retain for use during reassembly.
(6) Remove and replace the O-rings needing maintenance, using the procedure described in
Section 5.1.6.1. Note that the O-ring seals use an additional Teflon cup seal placed on top
of the O-ring. These seals should be replaced as necessary. Note that these Teflon seals do
not require the use of Krytox® grease.
(7) Examine the tubing plate and calibration manifold to verify that no contaminants are on
either surface. This generally requires microscopic examination. Replace the tubing plate
by slowly placing the plate on the calibration manifold. Make sure that the O-ring/cup seal
side is down toward the pneumatic sliding manifold and the guiding pin on the calibration
valve housing fits into the mating hole of the tubing plate. Also, ensure that shim washers,
if used, are installed between the tubing plate and the calibration manifold assembly, in all
six (6) locations.
(8) Replace the six (6) Allen-head screws that pass through the top plate to secure the
calibration valve assembly. Tighten evenly, making sure that the screws are only finger
tight plus 1/8 turn. It is important not to over tighten the screws since the pneumatic seal is
made using dynamic O-rings.
(9) Reassemble the module.
(10) Test your scanner to ensure proper operation.
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5.1.6.3
Model 9116 User’s Manual
Adapter Plate O-Ring Replacement
Following is a step-by-step procedure to replace Adapter plate O-rings in a Model 9116
Intelligent Pressure Scanner. The adapter plate is located opposite of the tubing plate on the
calibration manifold. All DH200 transducers are attached to the adapter plate.
(1) Disassemble the module as described in Section 5.1.2.
(2) Remove the PC-327 Analog board as described in Section 5.1.3.1. Lay the circuit board to
the side on an anti-static surface.
(3) Remove the six (6) 3/32" Allen-head screws that secure the adapter plate to the calibration
valve housing. To remove the two (2) center screws, you must remove the DH200
transducers near the screws. Make sure to note the DH200 serial number and location.
The plate should be gently lifted from the calibration housing.
(4) Carefully rotate or slide the adapter plate back and forth, pivoting on the guiding pin about
1/8" several times. This is done to loosen the O-rings from the calibration manifold. Lift the
adapter plate straight up. Do not touch the calibration manifold.
(5) Remove and replace the O-rings needing maintenance using the procedure described in
Section 5.1.6.1. Note that the O-ring seals use an additional Teflon cup seal placed on top
of the O-ring. These Teflon seals do not require Krytox® grease.
(6) Examine the adapter plate and calibration valve surface to verify that no contaminants are
on either surface. This generally requires microscopic examination. Replace the adapter
plate by slowly placing the plate on the calibration manifold. Make sure that the O-ring is
down towards the pneumatic sliding manifold and the guiding pin on the adapter plate fits
into the mating hole of the calibration valve housing. Fasten the adapter plate evenly on all
sides.
(7) Install the DH200 transducers that were previously removed. It is suggested to install them
back in their original location.
(8) Replace the PC-327 Analog board as described in Section 5.1.3.1 and reassemble the
module.
(9) Test your scanner to ensure proper operation.
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5.1.6.4
Model 9116 User’s Manual
Calibration Manifold Piston O-Ring Replacement
Following is a step-by-step procedure to replace Calibration Manifold O-rings in a Model 9116
Intelligent Pressure Scanner. There are eight (8) pistons, each with an O-ring, inside the
calibration valve housing; one (1) on each end of the housing, and three (3) on each side of the
calibration valve itself.
(1) Disassemble the module as described in Section 5.1.2.
(2) Remove the PC-327 Analog board as described in Section 5.1.3.1. Lay the circuit board
aside on an anti-static surface.
(3) Remove the tubing plate as described in Section 5.1.6.3.
(4) Using your index finger, shift the calibration manifold back and forth several times to loosen
its connection with the adapter plate O-rings. Carefully lift the calibration valve housing with
one hand and turn it over, letting the calibration manifold fall into the free hand. It is
imperative that the calibration manifold does not fall on a hard surface since scratches on
the manifold can result in pneumatic leaks.
(5) To remove the six (6) pistons from their slots on the manifold valve, hold the valve in one
hand and apply air pressure of approximately 30 psi (200 kPa) to the C3/C4 input passages
on the valve. The passages (0.043" diameter holes) are located on the side of the valve
next to the tubing plate, one hole on each side of the valve. Pressure on one side will
release three (3) pistons, and pressure on the other side will release the other three (3). If
the pistons stick, apply a slightly higher pressure. Place your free hand over the calibration
valve housing to prevent the pistons from coming out of the housing. Thoroughly clean the
pistons with a fast evaporating cleaning fluid that leaves little or no residue (e.g., acetone,
alcohol, Freon®, etc.) and dry with supply air. Replace the piston O-rings after lightly
lubricating the rings with Krytox® fluorinated grease. Replace the pistons in their cavity by
placing the O-ring side of the piston in first and then pressing the piston completely into its
cavity with one finger.
(6) To remove the two (2) C1/C2 pistons from their slots on either end of the manifold valve
housing, hold the manifold valve housing in one hand, and apply approximately 30 psi (200
kPa) to the two bulge tubes, one on either end of the housing end-plate. This will result in
the pistons being forced out of their cavity. If the pistons stick, apply a higher pressure.
Place your free hand over the calibration valve housing to prevent the pistons from coming
out of the housing. Clean the pistons, lubricate and replace the O-rings, and replace the
pistons into their cavities as described in (5) above.
(7) Thoroughly clean the calibration manifold with a fast-evaporating cleaning fluid that leaves
little or no residue (e.g., alcohol, acetone, Freon®, etc.). Replace the calibration manifold
into the housing, making sure that the guiding pin fits into the slot of the manifold housing.
(8) Replace the tubing plate as described in Section 5.1.6.3.
(9) Replace the PC-327 Analog board as described in Section 5.1.3.1 and reassemble the
module.
(10) Test your scanner to ensure proper operation.
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5.1.6.5
Model 9116 User’s Manual
Solenoid Valve O-Ring Replacement
Following is a step-by-step procedure to replace the internal solenoid valve O-rings in a Model
9116 Intelligent Pressure Scanner. The module contains two internal solenoid valves.
(1) Disassemble the module as described in Section 5.1.2.
(2) Remove the solenoid valve by
unscrewing the two (2) Phillips-head
screws on top of the solenoid. Gently
lift it out of the module. Be careful not
to crimp the attached nylon tubing.
(3) Remove and replace the O-rings
needing maintenance using the
procedure described in Section
5.1.6.1.
(4) Replace the solenoid valve and
gently tighten the screws.
Figure 5.7
Solenoid Valve O-Ring Replacement
(5) Reassemble the module.
(6) Test your scanner to ensure proper operation.
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5.2
Model 9116 User’s Manual
Upgrading Module Firmware
All Model 9116 Intelligent Pressure Scanner modules contain electronically re-programmable
memory devices that store the module firmware. Pressure Systems will provide new releases of
module firmware for enhanced instrument performance whenever updates or modifications are
made. All scanner modules may have their firmware downloaded via their Ethernet Host Port.
This allows for firmware upgrade while the module is installed in its normal communications
network environment. Any new firmware releases may be obtained free of charge by
contacting the factory for a copy on CD-ROM or by downloading from PSI’s internet home page
at www.PressureSystems.com. Download links can be found on the home page and in the
information page for each model (e.g., NetScanner). All firmware is stored as a self-extracting
.ZIP file. Once downloaded from the internet, simply execute the download file to extract the
archived file(s).
5.2.1
Upgrading Firmware Via Host TCP/IP Port
Your Model 9116 Intelligent Pressure Scanner with Ethernet (TCP/IP) Host Port, new firmware
may be upgraded by the host computer, or any computer on the TCP/IP network, directly via the
module’s Host Port. The special PSI application called NetScanner™ Unified Software
(NUSS), that runs under Windows® 95/98/2000/XP or Windows® NT, is provided for this
purpose. It is recommended that NUSS (and any new firmware update file) be installed to a
suitable subdirectory of your hard disk for better performance. Installation instructions for this
support software are provided with the application. Ensure that the TCP/IP communications is
properly configured for the PC running the application.
NUSS is provided to all customers who have purchased Model 9116 Intelligent Pressure
Scanners. This application has its own User’s Manual and both may be downloaded from PSI’s
Web site, www.PressureSystems.com.
Note
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If the unit loses power during the firmware update, the update may
not be successful. When power is reapplied, the unit will return to
operation and request that the update be repeated/continued. If the
update is not repeated/continued, the unit, while operational, may be
operating with code that predates the most recent code previously in
the unit. Simply repeat the download to install the desired version of
the code.
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Chapter 6
Troubleshooting Guide
6.1
Ethernet Module Troubleshooting
6.1.1
Checking Module Power-Up Sequence
(1)
Proper power to the module should first be verified. If possible, verify that the output of
the module power supply is set within the range of 18-36 VDC. This should be nominally
set for 24 VDC. Ensure the power supply setting is high enough to compensate for
cable voltage drops if long interface cable lengths are used.
(2)
Turn module power switch ON and verify the following top panel LED status following
initial power-up :
•
PWR LED should remain ON
If this LED is not on, all other LED’s will likely also be off. Check the PSI 90DB, remote
power supply (8491), or customer provided power supply to ensure the proper voltage
(18-36 VDC) is being provided. Also verify that the power pins in the module interface
cable are wired as described in Section 2.3.2 and Appendix D
•
COL LED will illuminate briefly upon power-up. This gives a visual indication that the
LED is functional. Thereafter, the LED should remain OFF.
•
Tx LED will illuminate briefly upon power-up. This gives a visual indication that the LED
is functional. Subsequent activity on the Tx LED during the power-up
sequence is indication that the RARP/BOOTP protocol is enabled. This will typically
occur following the initial busy (BSY) LED cycle and continue until an appropriate RARP
reply is received.
•
LNK LED will illuminate briefly upon power-up. This gives a visual indication that the
LED is functional. Thereafter, the LED will indicate proper connection to an Ethernet
hub or switch, and should remain ON.
If this LED is OFF, verify that the module is properly connected to the
communications hub or switch. Verify proper power is applied to the hub. Also
try connecting the 9116 cable to a different port of the hub. Note that most hubs
have similar link LEDs to indicate proper connection to the hub itself. If present,
verify that the hub link LED for the pressure scanner and the host computer are
both active. If the hub is functioning correctly, verify that the communications
pins in the module interface cable are wired as described in Section 2.3.4.1 and
Appendix D.
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•
CAL LED should remain OFF
•
PRG LED should remain OFF
•
Busy (BSY) LED will illuminate upon power-up. This LED will remain illuminated, only
briefly blinking during the boot and self-check sequence. This sequence will last
approximately 30 seconds, after which, the LED will be OFF. Subsequent activity of this
LED indicates response of the unit to commands.
Any significant variation from this power-up LED sequence is an indication of a possible cabling
or PC-322/323 assembly error. If the proper power-up LED sequence is not achieved after
following the above suggestions, contact the Repair Department or the Applications Department
at Pressure Systems for additional assistance.
6.1.2
Checking Module TCP/IP Communications
If the LED indicators of the Model 9116 are correct, the module is normally capable of proper
communications. In order for communications to be established with a functional Model 9116
(assuming correct interface cables are used), two user-controlled parameters must be met.
First, the module must be configured to obtain a proper (and unique) module IP address.
Second, the user’s host computer must have its TCP/IP communications interface properly
configured.
6.1.2.1
Module IP Address Assignment
Before an Ethernet Model 9116 can communicate with a host computer, it must have a valid IP
address assignment. As explained in Section 2.3.4.1, there are two methods for assigning an
IP address to an Ethernet device, static and dynamic. The Static IP addressing protocol is the
default method for IP address assignment in the Model 9116. This is primarily because it
allows the module to assign its own IP address based on a factory default value. The Dynamic
IP addressing protocol is slightly more complicated since it requires a Dynamic IP server to be
present and properly configured on the network. Before host communications can be
established, the user must ensure that the Model 9116 has been assigned a known IP address
through either Static IP or using a Dynamic IP server.
To determine whether Static or Dynamic IP addressing is enabled, observe the module Tx LED
on module power-up. As explained in Section 6.1.1, if Dynamic addressing is enabled, the
module Tx LED will flash one or more times during the power-up sequence. If the module
receives a valid reply, the Busy (BSY) LED will begin to flash rapidly (appearing dim) and the Tx
LED will remain OFF. If it appears the module received an IP server reply or that it is configured
for the Static IP (default) addressing, proceed to Section 6.1.2.2 to verify proper host TCP/IP
configuration.
If the module does not receive a response to a Dynamic IP addressing request, its Tx LED will
continue to flash with an increasing delay between Tx attempts. The Busy (BSY) LED will also
remain OFF until a Dynamic IP addressing reply is received. If a Dynamic IP reply is not
received, verify that a Dynamic IP server is present on the network. If the IP server is present,
verify that it contains an entry for the Model 9116 Ethernet hardware (MAC) address. Verify this
address against the Ethernet address printed on the module label to ensure it has been entered
correctly into the Dynamic IP server. After making the required changes to the IP server, repeat
the above steps until the module receives a valid Dynamic IP reply.
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Model 9116 User’s Manual
If the user wishes to manually change the factory set IP address in a module, it may be done
with the NUSS application program (described more fully in Section 6.1.2.2). To use it for this
purpose, select the desired module on the application’s screen map (left window), then press
(click) the right-mouse button to get the module’s pop-up context menu. From the NUSS menu,
select Configure, Network Options. A new screen then appears that will accept a new IP
address (and other network parameters). After the new address is sent, the module must be “rebooted” (another choice on the context menu) before it will take effect.
Note
Note
6.1.2.2
Model 9116 modules are factory-configured to use a 200.xxx.xxx.xxx
IP address with a 192.0.0.0 subnet mask. These addresses were
chosen with the understanding that the modules would run on a
totally private network. Addressing errors may occur if modules are
connected to a company internal network or if the modules are
connected to the Internet. If you are not sure about the configured
networking scheme, please consult your network administrator.
Model 9116 modules are currently designed to use RARP protocol
and BOOTP protocol for Dynamic IP address assignment. When
placed in Dynamic addressing mode, (through the TCP/IP protocol
‘w1301' command), the modules will first try to resolve their
addresses using RARP protocol. If no RARP server can be found,
the modules will then use the BOOTP protocol. The modules will
alternate between these two protocols until a response is received
and an IP address is assigned. If you are not sure about these
protocols, or if your modules should be using them, please contact
your network administrator.
Host IP Address Assignment for Windows® 95/98/2000/XP/NT
Note
A simple Windows® 95/98/2000/XP/NT BOOTP/RARP server is
available free of charge from Pressure Systems. For additional
information on the BOOTP Lite application contact the Pressure
Systems Sales or the Applications Support Department. The
application can also be downloaded from the Pressure Systems web
site found at www.PressureSystems.com.
In order to communicate with the Ethernet Model 9116, the host computer must also be
configured with an appropriate IP address. For Windows® 95/98/2000/XP and Windows® NT, a
typical configuration is described below. Note that this configuration assumes that a host PC
Ethernet adapter is installed and not in use for any other TCP/IP application. If your Ethernet
adapter is used for other TCP/IP communications, contact your MIS or network administrator to
determine proper host IP address and subnet mask configurations before proceeding.
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Model 9116 User’s Manual
Activate the Windows® control bar (left click the START icon). Select the SETTINGS line
followed by the CONTROL PANEL folder. In the CONTROL PANEL folder, select the
NETWORK icon. Once in the NETWORK setup, select the tab labeled CONFIGURATION.
Scroll through the list of installed configuration protocols. Select the one labeled ‘TCP/IP>xxxx’ where xxxx will typically identify your Ethernet adapter card. There may be other TCP/IP
protocols listed for other items such as dial up adapters, these are not used for the
NetScanner™ System Ethernet configuration. If the TCP/IP protocol is not listed in the
configuration menu, left click the ADD button. Continue by selecting to add a PROTOCOL.
Select MICROSOFT from the Manufacturers list. Then select TCP/IP from the networks
protocol list.
Once in the proper TCP/IP protocol setup, select the ‘IP Address’ tab. Click on the button to
enable the field ‘Specify IP Address.’ Once selected, the fields for IP address and Subnet will
be enabled. In the IP address, enter a TCP/IP address for your host computer. An IP address
of 200.200.200.001 will work if the Model 9116 is using the factory default IP address. If the
leftmost fields of the Model 9116 module IP addresses are different than the factory default of
200.20x.yyy.zzz then the leftmost fields of the host computer’s IP address must match the
module’s leftmost IP address field. In the Subnet field a value of 255.0.0.0 can be entered for
most configurations.
When these fields are entered, click the OK icons until Windows® prompts you to restart your
computer. (Windows® 95/98 only). Once the computer has restarted, it should be capable of
communications with the Ethernet Model 9116 module.
6.1.2.3
Verifying Host TCP/IP Communications
At this point, the Model 9116 module should be configured to obtain its IP address through
either static (default) or dynamic IP addressing. The module’s IP address must be assigned
and known in order to proceed. The host computer has also been configured for TCP/IP
protocol and assigned an IP address compatible with the Model 9116 IP address. A simple
method to verify proper operation is through the ping utility. This is a simple TCP/IP utility that
is found in Windows® 95/98/2000/XP/NT as well as most other TCP/IP packages. The ping
utility simply sends a test packet to the specified IP address and waits for reply to be returned.
Model 9116 Ethernet modules are programmed to reply to these ping requests.
To run the ping utility from Windows® 95/98/2000/XP/NT, follow these steps. Left click the
Windows® START button. Move the mouse pointer to ‘RUN’ and left click on it. At the prompt
type ‘ping xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx’ where xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx represents the IP address of the device to
test. The IP address of an Ethernet Model 9116 module should be used. A small DOS window
will appear as the ping application executes. The ping program will either report that a reply
was received or that it failed to receive a reply. If the ping application reported receiving a reply,
the host computer and the Model 9116 module are both properly configured for TCP/IP
communications.
If an error free ping reply was not received, rerun the ping application using the IP address of
the host computer. This will verify if the TCP/IP protocol was properly configured on the host
computer. If a ping reply was not received, verify the TCP/IP installation steps for your host
computer. Also verify that the host computer is configured for the proper IP address and subnet
mask.
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If the ping test of the host computer’s IP passed, while the ping of the Model 9116 module
failed, check the following possible sources for error:
●
Ensure the Model 9116 module’s IP has been assigned (as explained in Section
6.1.2.1) and that the correct IP was used for the ping test.
●
Ensure the IP address of the host computer and the Model 9116 module are not
duplicated on the network.
●
Ensure the link LEDs are active on the scanner and the Ethernet hub or switch to
which it is attached. Also ensure the link LEDs are active on the host computer’s
Ethernet adapter and the hub or switch to which it is attached.
●
Ensure the Ethernet adapter card installed in the host is properly configured without
conflict. In Windows®95 this can be verified by entering the CONTROL PANEL
under SETTINGS. Under CONTROL PANEL, select the SYSTEM icon. When the
DEVICE MANAGER tab is selected, a list of all installed hardware devices will be
displayed. Any possible hardware conflicts will be marked in this list with a yellow
warning symbol next to the device in question.
●
Ensure the Ethernet adapter is configured for 10 Mbit/Sec. Many adapters are
capable of higher speeds that are not compatible with the Model 9116 modules.
6.2
Zero and Gain Calibration Troubleshooting
Incorrect pneumatic setup or incorrect command usage when executing a module’s Re-zero or
Span calibration command (see ‘Z’, ‘h’, and ‘C’ commands in Chapter 3) can result in
unexpected module operation. A common source of errors during these operations is incorrect
control of the module’s internal calibration valve and pneumatic inputs.
Pressure connections are described in Chapter 2 while details of calibration procedures are
described throughout Chapter 4. Some common errors and problems are listed below. These
common problems apply primarily to Model 9116 with its internal transducers and calibration
manifold.
● The module’s supply air input is either not attached or does not provide enough
pressure (less than 65 psig) to shift the calibration valve. This results in the
calibration valve remaining in its current position even though module commands
have requested movement of the valve.
●
The module’s calibration valve is not placed in the correct position before executing
the Span calibration command (Calculate & Set Gain). This command will not
automatically shift the valve to the CAL position before taking data (as the Re-zero
calibration command does). The user must manually control the calibration valve
position using the Set Operating Options (‘w’) command if the CAL and CAL REF
inputs are to be used.
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●
The Re-Zero calibration command (Calculate & Set Offsets) will automatically shift
the calibration valve unless the option is disabled with the Set Operating Options
(‘w’) command. The valve will be placed in the CAL position (with a small delay)
before taking Re-zero data. Afterwards, the valve will be placed in the RUN
position.
●
Zero (offset) and Span (gain) correction terms are not automatically saved in
transducer nonvolatile memory. If they are not saved using the Set Operating
Options (‘w’) command, they will be lost when module power is turned off. Verify
that new coefficients produce valid data before saving them.
●
When Span calibrating a multi-range unit, attach the calibration pressures to the
individual measurement input ports of the range being calibrated and not to the CAL
input port. Use of the common CAL input may result in over-pressuring lower range
channels. When sending the Calculate and Set Gain (‘Z’) command, ensure that
the position field bits are set only for those channels that are attached to the
calibration pressure.
●
When using the standard Calculate and Set Gain (‘Z’) command, the module
firmware assumes, by default, that each particular transducer’s full-scale pressure is
present at its pneumatic/hydraulic input. All internal calculations of gain correction
are based on the exact full scale pressure being applied to the transducers. If it is
not possible to provide this exact pressure (as when using a dead weight tester),
the alternate form of this command should be used. This allows the host to specify
the exact upscale pressure applied to the transducers being calibrated.
●
When using the standard Calculate and Set Offsets (‘h’) command, the module
firmware assumes, by default, that each particular transducer’s zero pressure is
present at its pneumatic/hydraulic input. All internal calculations of zero correction
are based on an input pressure of 0.0 psi. If it is not possible to provide this exact
pressure (as when calibrating an absolute pressure transducer), the alternate form
of this command should be used. This allows the host to specify the exact minimum
pressure applied to the transducers being calibrated.
6.3
User Software
For a complete description of all NetScanner™ System (and your Model 9116) software, please
refer to the NetScanner™ Unified Startup Software (NUSS) User’s Manual.
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Chapter 7
Start-up Software
7.1
Introduction
The NetScanner™ System Unified Startup Software (NUSS) allows you to operate, from a
Windows®-based host PC, a diverse network of pressure scanner modules and/or
standard/calibrator modules of the NetScanner™ System type.
The NetScanner™ System, for which NUSS was designed, is a distributed Ethernet network
(using TCP/UDP/IP protocols) that functions as a precision pressure data acquisition system.
NUSS integrates a diverse set of older “startup,” “query,” and “test” programs that were often
very module-specific. NUSS recognizes each Model 9116 module type it finds on the network
and automatically provides that module with its appropriate functionality by dynamically
adjusting the program’s form and menu content. NUSS allows you to operate your Model 9116
modules singly or together in selected groups without having to write any custom software, and
without having to learn low-level commands. The software was designed to permit you to test
almost every possible module function with a simple interactive point-and-click interface.
NUSS is provided to all customers who have purchased a Model 9116 Intelligent Pressure
Scanners. The software as well as the User’s Manual may be downloaded from PSI’s Web site,
www.PressureSystem.com.
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Appendix A
All Commands – Quick Reference
Type
TCP/IP
Commands
Command id
A
Power-Up Clear
B
Reset
C
Configure/Control Multi-Point Calibration (4
sub-commands)
V
Read Transducer Voltages
Z
Calculate and Set Gains (Span Cal)
a
Read Transducer Raw A/D Counts
b
Acquire High Speed Data
c
Define/Control Autonomous Host Streams
(6 sub-commands)
h
Calculate and Set Offsets (Re-zero Cal)
m
Read Temperature A/D Counts
n
Read Temperature Voltage
q
Read Module Status
r
Read High Precision Data
t
Read Transducer Temperature
u
Read Internal Coefficients
v
Download Internal Coefficients
w
Set/Do Operating Options/Functions
psi9000
UDP/IP
Commands
Page 125
Command Function
psireboot
psirarp
Query Network
Reboot Specified Module
Change Specified Module’s IP Address
Resolution Method (then Reboot)
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Appendix B
Model 9116 Response Error Codes
CODE
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MEANING
00
(Unused)
01
Undefined Command Received
02
Unused (by TCP/IP)
03
Input Buffer Overrun
04
Invalid ASCII Character Received
05
Data Field Error
06
Unused (by TCP/IP)
07
Specified Limits Invalid
08
NetScanner™ System error - Invalid Parameter
09
Insufficient source air to shift calibration valve
0A
Calibration valve not in requested position
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Appendix C
Cable Diagrams
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Appendix D
9116 Mounting Dimensions
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Appendix E
Model 9116 Range Codes
The following range codes are stored in each DH200 pressure transducer. The range code of
each transducer can be read through the Read Internal Coefficient (‘u’) command. Standard
Range Codes are shown in Bold and Italics.
Page 130
Range Code
Full Scale Pressure
Minimum Calibration
Pressure
1
0.360 psi (10" Water Column)
-0.360 psig
2
0.720 psi (20" Water Column)
-0.720 psig
3
1 psid
-1.0 psig
4
2.5 psid
-2.5 psig
5
5 psid
-5 psig
6
10 psid
-5 psig
7
15 psid
-5 psig
8
30 psid
-5 psig
9
45 psia
0 psig
10
100 psia
0 psig
11
250 psia
0 psig
12
500 psia
0 psig
13
600 psia
0 psig
14
300 psia
0 psig
15
750 psia
0 psig
16
10 psid
-10 psig
17
15 psid
-12 psig
18
30 psid
-12 psig
19
45 psid
-12 psig
20
20 psid
-12 psig
21
20 psia
0 psig
22
15 psia
0 psig
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Range Code
Full Scale Pressure
Minimum Calibration
Pressure
23
15 psid
-10 psig
24
5 psia
0 psig
25
10 psia
0 psig
26
30 psia
0 psig
27
50 psia
0 psig
28
100 psia
0 psig
29
100 psia
2.5 psia
30
250 psia
25 psia
31
50 psia
2.5 psia
32
500 psia
25 psia
33
750 psia
25 psia
34
30 psia
2.5 psia
35
15 psia
2.5 psia
36
125 psia
0 psig
37
35 psid
-12 psig
38
150 psia
0 psig
39
200 psia
0 psig
40
22 psid
-12 psig
41
60 psid
-12 psig
42
375 psia
0 psig
43
150 psia
0 psig
44
75 psia
0 psig
45
150 psia
0 psig
46
650 psia
0 psig
47
850 psia
0 psig
48
150 psia
25 psig
49
750 psia
50 psig
50
75 psia
2.5 psig
51
1.2 psid
-1.2 psig
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Appendix F
NetScanner™ System Products
Model
Purpose
9116
9022
16-channel Intelligent Pressure Scanner with Ethernet TCP/IP Host Port.
12-channel splash-proof, ruggedized Media-Isolated Intelligent Pressure
Scanner with Ethernet Host Port.
Pressure Standard Unit with Ethernet TCP/IP Host Port.
Pressure Calibrator Unit with Ethernet TCP/IP Host Port.
Intelligent scanner for thermocouple and RTD measurements
Scanner Interface Rack that holds up to eight (8) Model 9816 Intelligent
Pressure Scanners. Rack provides power, pneumatic connections and hub
circuitry for up to twelve (12) 10Base-T connections.
Intelligent Pressure Scanner that requires 98RK Scanner Interface Rack for
power, pneumatic connections, and hub circuitry.
Data Concentrator, containing power and 24 switched Ethernet ports,
connections to as many as 24 NetScanner™ System modules.
Series 9400 Interface Cable.
Interface cable for connecting NetScanner™ System modules to switches
and hubs.
Media-Isolated Pressure Transducers for Models 9021 and 9022
9032/33
9034/38
9046
98RK
9816
90DC
9096
9082
9400/9401/9402
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www.PressureSystems.com
Pressure Systems, Inc.
Model 9116 User’s Manual
Appendix G
Binary Bit Map
Bit Value
(if Set)
Bit
Position
Binary Number
1
1
0000
0000
0000
0001
2
2
0000
0000
0000
0010
4
3
0000
0000
0000
0100
8
4
0000
0000
0000
1000
16
5
0000
0000
0001
0000
32
6
0000
0000
0010
0000
64
7
0000
0000
0100
0000
128
8
0000
0000
1000
0000
256
9
0000
0001
0000
0000
512
10
0000
0010
0000
0000
1024
11
0000
0100
0000
0000
2048
12
0000
1000
0000
0000
4096
13
0001
0000
0000
0000
8192
14
0010
0000
0000
0000
16384
15
0100
0000
0000
0000
32768
16
1000
0000
0000
0000
Decimal to Binary Conversion:
892 dec = 512 + 256 + 64 + 32 + 16 + 8 + 4
0000
Page 133
0011
0111
1100
binary
3
7
C
hexadecimal
www.PressureSystems.com
Headquarters/Factory:
Pressure Systems, Inc.
34 Research Drive
Hampton, VA 23666
USA
Phone:
(757) 865-1243
Toll Free: (800) 328-3665
Fax:
(757) 865-8744
E-mail: sales@PressureSystems.com
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