Moxa Networking AWK-1100 Industrial IEEE 802.11g Wireless AP/Bridge/Client User Manual MOXA AirWorks AWK 1100 User s Manual
Moxa Networking Co., Ltd. Industrial IEEE 802.11g Wireless AP/Bridge/Client MOXA AirWorks AWK 1100 User s Manual
Users Manual
MOXA AirWorks AWK-1100
User’s Manual
The software described in this manual is furnished under a license agreement and may be used only in
accordance with the terms of that agreement.
Copyright Notice
Copyright © 2005 Moxa Networking Co., Ltd.
All rights reserved.
Reproduction without permission is prohibited.
Trademarks
MOXA is a registered trademark of the Moxa Group.
All other trademarks or registered marks in this manual belong to their respective manufacturers.
Disclaimer
Information in this document is subject to change without notice and does not represent a commitment on the
part of Moxa.
Moxa provides this document “as is,” without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied, including, but
not limited to, its particular purpose. Moxa reserves the right to make improvements and/or changes to this
manual, or to the products and/or the programs described in this manual, at any time.
Information provided in this manual is intended to be accurate and reliable. However, Moxa assumes no
responsibility for its use, or for any infringements on the rights of third parties that may result from its use.
This product might include unintentional technical or typographical errors. Changes are periodically made to the
information herein to correct such errors, and these changes are incorporated into new editions of the
publication.
Table of Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction ...............................................................................................1-1
Overview .............................................................................................................................. 1-2
Package Checklist................................................................................................................. 1-2
Product Features ................................................................................................................... 1-2
Product Specifications..........................................................................................................1-2
Chapter 2 Getting Started ..........................................................................................2-1
First-Time Installation and Configuration ............................................................................ 2-2
Deploying the Access Point (AP) ......................................................................................... 2-5
Setting up Client Computers................................................................................................. 2-5
Configuring IEEE 802.11g-related Settings.............................................................. 2-5
Configuring TCP/IP-related Settings ........................................................................ 2-6
Confirming the Settings of the AP and Client Computers.................................................... 2-6
Checking if the IEEE 802.11g-related Settings Work............................................... 2-6
Checking if the TCP/IP-related Settings Work ......................................................... 2-7
Chapter 3 Web Console Configuration .....................................................................3-1
Overview .............................................................................................................................. 3-2
Menu Structure.......................................................................................................... 3-2
Save, Save & Restart, and Cancel Buttons................................................................ 3-3
Home and Refresh Buttons........................................................................................ 3-3
Viewing Status...................................................................................................................... 3-4
Associated Wireless Clients ...................................................................................... 3-4
Current DHCP Mappings.......................................................................................... 3-4
System Log................................................................................................................ 3-4
Link Monitor (AP Client mode only)........................................................................ 3-5
General Operations............................................................................................................... 3-5
Specifying the Operational Mode.............................................................................. 3-5
Administrative Password........................................................................................... 3-6
Managing the Firmware ............................................................................................ 3-6
Configuring TCP/IP-related Settings.................................................................................. 3-10
Addressing............................................................................................................... 3-10
DHCP Server (AP/Bridge modes only)................................................................... 3-11
Configuring IEEE 802.11g-related Settings ....................................................................... 3-12
Communication....................................................................................................... 3-12
Security ................................................................................................................... 3-15
IEEE 802.1X/RADIUS (AP mode only)................................................................. 3-19
Configuring Advanced Settings.......................................................................................... 3-21
Packet Filters........................................................................................................... 3-21
Management............................................................................................................ 3-22
Appendix A Default Settings ........................................................................................ A-1
Appendix B Troubleshooting ....................................................................................... B-1
Wireless Settings Problems ..................................................................................................B-1
TCP/IP Settings Problems ....................................................................................................B-2
Unknown Problems ..............................................................................................................B-3
Appendix C Regulatory Statement .............................................................................. C-1
Appendix D Service Information.................................................................................. D-1
MOXA Internet Services ..................................................................................................... D-2
Problem Report Form.......................................................................................................... D-3
Product Return Procedure.................................................................................................... D-4
1
1
Chapter 1 Introduction
MOXA AirWorks AWK-1100 enables wireless users to access network resources wirelessly.
AWK-1100 can authenticate and authorize wireless users by IEEE 802.1X and RADIUS, and
communicate with a back-end RADIUS (Remote Authentication User Dial-In Service) server to
determine if a wireless user is allowed to access the wireless network..
The following topics are covered in this chapter:
Overview
Package Checklist
Product Features
Product Specifications
MOXA AirWorks AWK-1100 User’s Manual Introduction
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Overview
AWK-1100 is rated to operate at temperatures ranging from 0 to 60°C, and is rugged enough for
any harsh industrial environment. It can be installed easily on DIN-Rail mounting as well as in
distribution boxes. The DIN-Rail mounting capability, wide operating temperature range, and the
IP30 case with LED indicators make AWK-1100 a ready, plug-and-play, yet reliable solution for
your Industrial Wireless application.
Package Checklist
MOXA AWK-1100 is shipped with the following items. If any of these items is missing or
damaged, please contact your customer service representative for assistance.
y 1 × AWK-1100 802.11g/b Wireless AP/Bridge/Client
y 2 × Swivel Type Antenna (2 dBi RP-SMA)
y Quick Installation Guide
y Documentation & Software CD; includes User’s Manual and Windows Utility
y Warranty Booklet
Product Features
y IEEE 802.11b/g Compliant
y Redundant 24 VDC power inputs or Power-over-Ethernet
y Powerful security with WPA/802.1X/MAC address filtering
y DIN-Rail mounting capability
y Case design meets IP30 protection standard
Product Specifications
WLAN
Standards IEEE802.11g/b for wireless LAN, IEEE802.3u 10/100BaseTX
for Ethernet LAN, IEEE802.3af for Power over Ethernet
Frequency Range 2.4-2.4835 GHz, Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS)
Data Rate & Modulation OFDM@54Mbps, CCK@11/5.5Mbps, DQPSK@2Mbps and
DBSK@1Mbps
Operating Channels USA: 1-11 (FCC) / Europe: 1-13 (ETSI)
Security 64-bit and 128-bit WEP encryption, WPA (IEEE
802.1X/RADIUS and TKIP)
Data Rates 1, 2, 5.5, 6, 9, 11, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, 54 Mbps
Transmit Power 802.11b:
≥17dBm
802.11g:
6/9Mbps≥17dBm, 12/18Mbps≥15dBm,
24Mbps≥14dBm, 36Mbps≥14dBm,
48Mbps≥12dBm, 54Mbps≥12dBm
Receiver Sensitivity 802.11b:
8% FER@1Mbps≤-91dBm,
8% FER@2Mbps≤-88dBm
8% FER@5.5Mbps≤-85dBm,
8% FER@11Mbps≤-83dBm
MOXA AirWorks AWK-1100 User’s Manual Introduction
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802.11g:
10% PER@6Mbps≤-88dBm,
10% PER@9Mbps≤-87dBm
10% PER@12Mbps≤-84dBm,
10% PER@18Mbps≤-82dBm
10% PER@24Mbps≤-79dBm,
10% PER@36Mbps≤-75dBm
10% PER@48Mbps≤-69dBm,
10% PER@54Mbps≤-68dBm
Software Features
Protocols HTTP, DHCP, TCP/IP, RADIUS, DNS, NetBIOS, NetBEUI,
AppleTalk, and IPX/SPX
Configuration Web-based management
Client OS Support Windows 95/98/2000/ME/NT/XP, Unix and Macintosh
Interface
Antenna 2dBi diversity antenna with an R-SMA connector
RJ45 port 10/100BaseT(X) auto negotiation speed
LED Indicators PWR1, PWR2, WLAN (Link/ACT), LAN (Link/ACT)
Power
Input Voltage 12 to 45 VDC; Redundant dual DC power inputs or Power over
Ethernet (PoE, power on RJ45 pins 4, 5 for power + and pins 7, 8
for power -)
Input Current (@24V) 0.3A
Connection Removable Terminal Block
Overload Current Protection 1.6A
Reverse Polarity Protection Present
Mechanical
Casing IP30 protection, aluminum case
Installation DIN-Rail or panel mounting
Environmental
Operating Temperature 0 to 60°C (32 to 140°F)
Storage Temperature -20 to 70°C (-4 to 158°F)
Ambient Relative Humidity 5 to 95% (non-condensing)
Regulatory Approvals
Safety UL, TÜV
Emissions FCC, CE, SRRC
WARRANTY 5 years
2
2
Chapter 2 Getting Started
This chapter explains how to install MOXA AirWorks AWK-1100 for the first time.
The following topics are covered:
First-Time Installation and Configuration
Deploying the Access Point (AP)
Setting up Client Computers
¾ Configuring IEEE 802.11g-related Settings
¾ Configuring TCP/IP-related Settings
Confirming the Settings of the AP and Client Computers
¾ Checking if the IEEE 802.11g-related Settings Work
¾ Checking if the TCP/IP-related Settings Work
MOXA AirWorks AWK-1100 User’s Manual Getting Started
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First-Time Installation and Configuration
Before installing AWK-1100, check to make sure that all items in the Package Checklist are in the
box. In addition, you will need access to a notebook computer or PC equipped with an Ethernet
port. AWK-1100 has a default IP address that you must use when connecting to AWK-1100 for
the first time.
NOTE For testing requirements, if you only have one AWK-1100, we strongly suggest that you prepare
a notebook computer or PC with a wireless LAN adapter installed. After finishing the installation
and configuration, you should test AWK-1100 to make sure the wireless transmission is working
normally.
Step 1: Select the Power Source
AWK-1100 can be powered by a DC power input, or by PoE (Power over Ethernet). AWK-1100
will use the power source that you choose.
NOTE The PoE capability of the bridge is PowerDsine-compatible. Please visit PowerDsine’s website
for more information (http://www.powerdsine.com).
Step 2: Connect AWK-1100 to a notebook or PC
Since AWK-1100 supports MID/MID-X auto-sensing, you can use either a straight-through cable
or cross-over cable to connect AWK-1100 to the notebook, if the LAN LED on AWK-1100’s front
panel lights up, it means the connection is established.
Step 3: Set up the computer’s IP address
In a Windows environment, the computer’s IP address can be changed in the TCP/IP settings
window. Select an IP address on the same subnet as the AWK-1100. Since AWK-1100’s default
IP address is 192.168.127.253, and the subnet mask is 255.255.255.0, you should set the IP
address of the computer to 192.168.127.xxx.
Step 4: Use the web-based manager to configure AWK-1100
Open your computer’s web browser and then type http://192.168.127.253 in the address box to
access the homepage of the web-based Network Manager. Before the homepage opens, you will
need to enter the user name and password as shown in the following figure. For first-time
configuration, enter the default user name and password and then click on OK:
Default user name & password
User name: admin
Password: root
192.168.127.253
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NOTE For security reasons, we strongly recommended changing the password. To do so, open the
Network Manager homepage, click on General Æ Password, and then follow the onscreen
instructions.
Step 5: Select the Operational Mode for AWK-1100
By default, AWK-1100’s operation mode is set to AP/Bridge. If you want to change the setting,
click on General Æ Operational Mode, as shown in the following figure, select an operation
mode, and then click on Save to activate the change.
Go to the General, Operational Mode section, select an operational mode and then click Save at
the bottom of this page. This will take you back to the starting page.
The AP supports 2 operational modes:
y AP/Bridge.
This mode provides both Access Point and Static LAN-to-LAN Bridging functionality.
The static LAN-to-LAN bridging function is supported through WDS (Wireless Distribution
System).
y AP Client.
This mode is for Dynamic LAN-to-LAN Bridging. The AP Client automatically establishes
bridge links with APs from any vendors.
In either mode, the AWK-1100 forwards packets between its Ethernet interface and wireless
interface for wired hosts on the Ethernet side and wireless host(s) on the wireless side.
NOTE Detailed information about configuring AWK-1100’s Operation Mode is given in Chapter 3.
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Step 6: Configure AWK-1100’s IEEE 802.11 settings
Go to the IEEE 802.11 Communication section to configure IEEE 802.11g-related communication
settings, including Regulatory domain, Channel number, and Network name (SSID).
The number of available RF channels depends on local regulations; therefore, you will need to
choose an appropriate regulatory domain to comply with local regulations. The SSID of a wireless
client computer and the SSID of the AWK-1100 must be identical for them to be able to
communicate with each other.
When you are finished, click on Save at the bottom of the page. This will return you to the home
page.
Step 7: Review and Apply Settings
On the home page, you can review all of the settings you have made. Changes are highlighted in
red. If the changes are okay, click on Restart to restart the AWK-1100 for the new settings to take
effect.
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NOTE About 10 seconds are needed for the AP to complete its restart process.
Deploying the Access Point (AP)
After the settings have been configured, deploy the AP to the field application environment.
Connect the AP to an Ethernet LAN through an Ethernet switch or hub.
If you are configuring a pair of the AWK-1100s for AP mode for a dynamic or static bridging
application and external high-gain directional antennas are used, it is difficult to adjust alignments
of the antennas when the pair of devices are far away.
To adjust the alignments of a pair of bridges’ directional antennas:
1. Connect each bridge to a computer via Ethernet
2. Configure the date rate of each bridge to the lowest value, 1 Mbps.
3. Fix the alignment of the antenna on one side.
4. Adjust the alignment of the antenna on the other side by using response time information
obtained by pinging (i.e., running PING.exe) the “fixed-side” computer.
5. Fine-tune the alignment of the antenna until you get a best response time.
6. Increase the data rate of each bridge simultaneously until a maximum workable data rate is
reached. You may not be able to use the highest data rate, 54 Mbps, because of the distance
and the gain of the antennas.
Bridge 1
WDS Link
Computer 1 Computer 2
Bridge 2
PING (ICMP Echo Request)
ICMP Echo Reply
Adjust antenna alignment
Setting up Client Computers
The TCP/IP and IEEE 802.11g-related settings of wireless client computers must match those of
the Access Point.
Configuring IEEE 802.11g-related Settings
Open Internet Explorer and type AWK-1100’s IP address in the Address field. Press Enter to
establish the connection.
Before the TCP/IP networking system of a wireless client computer can communicate with other
hosts, the underlying wireless link must be established between this wireless computer and an
Access Point.
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To establish a wireless link to an Access Point:
1. Launch the configuration/monitoring utility provided by the vendor of the installed WLAN
NIC.
2. Use the utility to make appropriate Operating Mode, SSID, and WEP settings.
NOTE A wireless client computer must be in infrastructure mode to associate with an AP.
NOTE The SSID of the wireless client computer and the SSID of the AP must be identical. Or, if the
SSID broadcast capability of the AP is enabled (default setting), the SSID of the wireless client
computer could be set to “any.”
NOTE Both the wireless client computer and the Access Point must have the same WEP settings for
them to communicate with each other.
NOTE For better wireless security, IEEE 802.1X capability of the Access Point must be enabled so that
only authenticated wireless users can access the wireless network.
Configuring TCP/IP-related Settings
Use the Windows Network Control Panel Applet to change the TCP/IP settings of the client
computers so that the IP addresses of the client computers and the IP address of the Access Point
are in the same IP subnetwork.
If a client computer is originally setup with a static IP address, you can either change its IP address
to match the IP address of the Access Point, or select the option
“automatically-obtain-an-IP-address” if there is a DHCP server on the network.
NOTE For some versions of Windows, the computer needs to be restarted for the new TCP/IP settings to
take effect.
Confirming the Settings of the AP and Client Computers
After you have completed deploying the Access Point and setting up client computers, you must
make sure the settings you have made are correct.
Checking if the IEEE 802.11g-related Settings Work
To check if a wireless client computer can associate with the AWK-1100:
1. Launch the configuration/monitoring utility provided by the vendor of the installed WLAN
NIC.
2. Check if the client computer is associated to an AWK-1100. If the check fails, see Appendix
B, “Wireless Settings Problems,” to troubleshoot the problem.
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Checking if the TCP/IP-related Settings Work
To check if a client computer can assess the Internet:
1. Open a Windows Command Prompt window on the client computer.
2. Type “ping AP”, where AP is the IP address of the Access Point. Replace it with your real IP
address—for example, 192.168.127.253, and then press Enter.
If the AP responds, go to the next step; otherwise see Appendix B, “TCP/IP Settings
Problems” to troubleshoot the problem.
3. Type “ping default_gateway”, where default_gateway is the IP address of the default gateway
of the wireless client computer, and then press Enter. If the gateway responds, go to the next
step; otherwise, see Appendix B, “TCP/IP Settings Problems,” to troubleshoot the problem.
4. Type “ping 1st_dns_server”, where 1st_dns_server is the IP address of the primary DNS
server of the wireless client computer, and then press Enter. If this DNS server responds, go
to the next step; otherwise, see Appendix B, “TCP/IP Settings Problems,” to troubleshoot the
problem.
3
3
Chapter 3 Web Console Configuration
In this chapter, we will explain each Web management page of the Web-based Network Manager.
The following topics are covered in this chapter:
Overview
¾ Menu Structure
¾ Save, Save & Restart, and Cancel Buttons
¾ Home and Refresh Buttons
Viewing Status
¾ Associated Wireless Clients
¾ Current DHCP Mappings
¾ System Log
¾ Link Monitor (AP Client mode only)
General Operations
¾ Specifying Operational Mode
¾ Administrative Password
¾ Managing the Firmware
Configuring TCP/IP-related Settings
¾ Addressing
¾ DHCP Server (AP/Bridge modes only)
Configuring IEEE 802.11g-related Settings
¾ Communication
¾ Security
¾ IEEE 802.1X/RADIUS (AP mode only)
Configuring Advanced Settings
¾ Packet Filters
¾ Management
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Overview
Menu Structure
The left side of the home page contains a menu that you can use to carry out commands. Here is a
brief description of the hyperlinks in the menu:
y Home. For returning to the home page.
y Status. Status information.
¾ Wireless Clients. The status of the wireless clients currently associated with the AP.
¾ DHCP Mappings. Current IP-MAC address mappings of the built-in DHCP server.
¾ System Log. System events log.
¾ Link Monitor. When the AWK-1100 is in AP Client mode, this page shows the signal
strength and link quality of the wireless link to its associated access point.
y General. Global operations.
¾ Operational Mode. Operational mode of the AWK-1100—AP/Bridge or AP Client.
¾ Password. For gaining rights to change the settings of the AWK-1100.
¾ Firmware Tools. For upgrading the firmware of the AWK-1100, backing up and
restoring the configuration, and resetting the AWK-1100’s configuration to factory
defaults.
y TCP/IP. TCP/IP-related settings.
¾ Addressing. IP address settings for the AP to work with TCP/IP.
¾ DHCP Server. Settings for the DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) server on
the Access Point.
y IEEE 802.11. IEEE 802.11g-related settings.
¾ Communication. Basic settings for the IEEE 802.11g interface of the AWK-1100 to
work properly with wireless clients.
¾ Security. Security settings for authenticating wireless users and encrypting wireless data.
¾ IEEE 802.1X/RADIUS. IEEE 802.1X Port-Based Network Access Control and RADIUS
(Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service) settings for better wireless security.
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y Advanced. Advanced settings of the AWK-1100.
¾ Packet Filters. Ethernet Type Fiters, IP Protocol Filters, and TCP/UDP Port Filters
settings.
¾ Management. UPnP, System Log, and SNMP settings.
Save, Save & Restart, and Cancel Buttons
There are three buttons at the bottom of each page that contains configurable settings—Save, Save
& Restart, and Cancel. Clicking Save stores changes to the AWK-1100’s memory and returns
you to the home page. Clicking Save & Restart stores the changes to the AWK-1100’s memory
and restarts the AWK-1100 to activate the new settings. Clicking Cancel discards any changes
already made and returns you to the home page.
Note that if you click on Save, the home page will reflect the fact that the configuration settings
have been changed by displaying two buttons—Restart and Cancel. In addition, changes are
highlighted in red. Clicking Restart restarts the AP to activate the new settings. Clicking Cancel
discards all of the changes.
Home and Refresh Buttons
At the bottom of each status page that shows read-only information, there are two buttons—Home
and Refresh. Clicking Home brings you back to the home page. Clicking Refresh updates the
status information showing on the page.
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Viewing Status
Associated Wireless Clients
On this page, the status information of each associated client, including its MAC address, IP
address, user name (if the client has been IEEE 802.1X authenticated), number of bytes it has sent,
number of bytes it has received, and the time of its last activity, is shown.
Current DHCP Mappings
On this page, all the current static or dynamic DHCP mappings are shown. A DHCP mapping is a
correspondence relationship between an IP address assigned by the DHCP server and a computer
or device that obtains the IP address. A computer or device that acts as a DHCP client is identified
by its MAC address.
A static mapping indicates that the DHCP client always obtains the specified IP address from the
DHCP server. You can set static DHCP mappings in the Static DHCP Mappings section of the
DHCP Server configuration page. A dynamic mapping indicates that the DHCP server chooses an
IP address from the IP address pool specified by the First allocateable IP address and
allocateable IP address count settings on the DHCP Server configuration page.
System Log
System events are recorded in the memory of the AWK-1100. The logged information is useful for
troubleshooting purposes. The system events are divided into several categories, and you can
select which categories of events to log.
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Link Monitor (AP Client mode only)
When the AWK-1100 is in AP Client mode, you can use the Link Monitor status page to monitor
the link quality and signal strength sensed by its RF module. Larger values means better wireless
connectivity to its associated Access Point. This feature is especially useful when you are aligning
a pair of directional antennas for bridging applications.
NOTE The values are updated every 20 seconds.
General Operations
Specifying the Operational Mode
Go to the General, Operational Mode section, select an operational mode and then click Save at
the bottom of this page. This will take you back to the starting page.
The AP supports 2 operational modes:
y AP/Bridge.
This mode provides both Access Point and Static LAN-to-LAN Bridging functionality.
The static LAN-to-LAN bridging function is supported through Wireless Distribution System
(WDS).
y AP Client.
This mode is for Dynamic LAN-to-LAN Bridging. The AP Client automatically establishes
bridge links with APs from any vendor.
In either mode, the AWK-1100 forwards packets between its Ethernet interface and wireless
interface for wired hosts on the Ethernet side and wireless host(s) on the wireless side.
There are 2 types of wireless links as specified by the IEEE 802.11 standard.
y STA-AP.
This type of wireless link is established between an IEEE 802.11 Station (STA) and an IEEE
802.11 Access Point (AP). An STA is usually a client computer (PC or PDA) with a WLAN
network interface card (NIC). The AP Client mode is actually an STA.
y WDS.
This type of wireless link is established between two IEEE 802.11 APs. Wireless packets
transmitted along the WDS link comply with the IEEE 802.11 WDS (Wireless Distribution
System) format at the link layer.
The relationships among the operational modes and the wireless link types are shown in the
following table:
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AP/Bridge AP Client
AP/Bridge WDS STA-AP
AP Client STA-AP
To establish a static bridge link based on WDS, the AP/bridges at both end of the WDS link must
be configured manually with each other’s MAC addresses. To establish a dynamic bridge link
between an AP and an AP Client, both devices must be configured with the same SSID and WEP
settings. The AP Client automatically scans for any AP that is using the matched SSID and
establishes a bridge link with the scanned AP.
NOTE Although it’s more convenient to use dynamic bridging, it has a limitation—the AP Client can
only transmit TCP/IP packets between its wireless interface and Ethernet interface; other types of
traffic (such as IPX and AppleTalk) are not forwarded.
TIP When the AP is configured to be in AP Client, it can be used as an Ethernet-to-wireless network
adapter. For example, a notebook computer equipped with an Ethernet adapter, but no wireless
card, can be connected to this device with an Ethernet cable for wireless connectivity to another
access point.
Administrative Password
On this page, you can change the user name and password. The new password must be typed twice
to confirm (note that the default user Name and Password or “admin” and “root,” repectively).
Managing the Firmware
Firmware management operations for AWK-1100 include “Firmware Upgrade,”“Configuration
Backup,”“Configuration Restore,”“Configuration Reset (Factory Defaults). Firmware upgrade,
configuration backup, and configuration restore can be achieved via HTTP or TFTP. The
HTTP-based method is suggested because it is more user friendly. However, due to the fact that
different Web browsers and versions behave differently, HTTP-based firmware management
operations may not work properly with some Web browsers. If you cannot successfully perform
HTTP-based firmware management operations with your Web browser, try the TFTP-based
method.
Upgrading Firmware by HTTP
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To upgrade the firmware of AWK-1100 by HTTP:
1. Click Browse and then select a correct firmware .bin file. The firmware file path will be
shown in the Firmware file name text box.
2. Click Upgrade to begin the upgrade process.
Backing up and Restoring Configuration Settings by HTTP
To back up the configuration of AWK-1100 by HTTP (i.e., export the configuration to a file)::
1. Click on Back Up
2. You will be prompted to open or save the configuration file. Click on Save.
3. The configuration file is named with the AWK-1100’s MAC address. For example, if the
AWK-1100’s MAC address is 00-01-02-33-44-55, the configuration backup file should be
“000102334455.hex”. Don’t change the configuration file name in the Save As dialog box.
Select the folder in which the configuration file is to be stored, and then click on Save.
NOTE The procedure may be different for different Web browsers (IE, Netscape, etc.).
To restore the configuration of the AWK-1100 by HTTP (i.e., import the configuration from a
file):
1. Click Browse and then select the correct configuration .hex file. You must make sure the file
name is the AWK-1100’s MAC address. The firmware file path will be shown in the
Firmware file name text box.
2. Click Restore to upload the configuration file to the AWK-1100.
Upgrading Firmware by TFTP
When using TFTP as the firmware management protocol, you can configure settings for the AP’s
TFTP client to communicate with a TFTP server. If the TFTP client does not get a response from
the TFTP server within a period specified by the Timeout setting, it will resend the previous
request. The Max number of retries setting specifies the maximum number of resends before the
TFTP client stops communicating with the TFTP server.
To upgrade AWK-1100’s firmware by TFTP:
1. Prepare a computer that will be used as a TFTP server and as a managing computer to trigger
the upgrade process.
2. Connect the computer and one of the LAN Ethernet switch port with a normal Ethernet cable.
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3. Configure the IP address of the computer so that the AWK-1100 and the computer are on the
same IP subnet.
4. On the computer, run the TFTP Server utility, and specify the folder in which the firmware
files will be placed.
5. On the computer, run a Web browser and click the General, Firmware Tools hyperlink.
6. Choose TFTP as the Firmware management protocol.
7. Specify the IP address of the computer, which acts as a TFTP server. If you don’t know the IP
address of the computer, open a Command Prompt, and type ipconfig, then press the Enter
key.
8. Trigger the firmware upgrade process by clicking Upgrade.
NOTE After the dialog box of the TFTP server program appears, be sure to specify the working folder
within which the downloaded firmware files reside.
Make sure the Accept read requests check box of the TFTP Server is selected.
The LAN IP address of the AP and the IP address of the TFTP server must be on the same IP
subnet for TFTP to work.
Due to the unreliable nature of wireless media, it is highly recommended that the TFTP server
and the wireless AP that is being upgraded are connected by Ethernet on the same LAN. Doing so
will help ensure a much smoother upgrade process.
After the firmware is upgraded, be sure to delete the contents of the Web browser cache so that
the Web management pages can be shown correctly.
A failed upgrade may corrupt the firmware and cause the AWK-1100 to fail. When this occurs,
contact MOXA technical support for assistance.
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TIP If you want to upgrade the firmware of a deployed AP from a remote location over the Internet,
adjust the Timeout and Max no. of retries settings of the TFTP Server for remote TFTP upgrade
to succeed.
Backing up and Restoring Configuration Settings by TFTP
To back up the configuration of the AWK-1100 by TFTP:
1. Prepare a computer that will be used as a TFTP server and as a managing computer to trigger
the backup process.
2. Connect the computer and one of the LAN Ethernet switch ports with a normal Ethernet cable.
3. Configure the IP address of the computer so that the computer and the AWK-1100 are on the
same IP sub-net.
4. On the computer, run the TFTP Server utility. Select the Accept write requests check box,
and specify the folder to which the configuration settings of the AP will be saved.
5. On the computer, run a Web browser and click the General, Firmware Tools hyperlink.
6. Choose TFTP as the Firmware management protocol.
7. Within the Configuration Backup/Restore section, specify the IP address of the computer
that acts as a TFTP server. If you don’t know the IP address of the computer, open a
Command Prompt, and type ipconfig, then press the Enter key.
8. Trigger the backup process by clicking Back Up. The AWK-1100’s configuration settings
will be saved as “AaBbCcDdEeFf.hex” by the TFTP server, where “AaBbCcDdEeFf” is the
AWK-1100’s MAC address. For example, if the AWK-1100’s MAC address is
00-01-02-33-44-55, the configuration backup file will be “000102334455.hex”.
NOTE Remember to select the Accept write requests check box of TFTP Server.
To restore the configuration of the AWK-1100 by TFTP:
1. Prepare a computer that will be used as a TFTP server and as a managing computer to trigger
the restoring process.
2. Connect the computer and one of the LAN Ethernet switch ports with a normal Ethernet cable.
3. Configure the IP address of the computer so that the computer and the AWK-1100 are on the
same IP subnet.
4. On the computer, run the TFTP Server utility, and specify the folder in which the
configuration backup file resides. A configuration backup file is named with the AWK-1100’s
MAC address. For example, if the AWK-1100’s MAC address is 00-01-02-33-44-55, the
configuration backup file should be “000102334455.hex”.
5. On the computer, open the web browser and click the General, Firmware Tools hyperlink.
6. Choose TFTP as the Firmware management protocol.
7. In the Configuration Backup/Restore section, specify the IP address of the computer that
acts as a TFTP server. If you don’t know the IP address of the computer, open a Command
Prompt, type ipconfig, and then press the Enter key.
8. Trigger the restoring process by clicking Restore. The AWK-1100 will then download the
configuration backup file from the TFTP server.
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NOTE Make sure the file is a valid configuration backup file for AWK-1100.
TIP If you want to back up or restore the configuration from a remote location over the Internet,
adjust the Timeout and Max no. of retries settings of TFTP Server for remote TFTP
configuration backup/restore to succeed.
Resetting the Configuration to Factory Defaults
Clicking the Reset button resets the device configuration to factory defaults.
WARNING
Think twice before clicking the Reset button. Doing so will cause you to lose all of your current
configuration settings.
Configuring TCP/IP-related Settings
Addressing
The IP address of the AP can be set manually (Set Manually) or automatically assigned by a
DHCP server on the LAN (Obtain from a DHCP Server). If you are manually setting the IP
address, Subnet mask, and Default gateway settings, set them appropriately, so that they comply
with your LAN environment. In addition, you can specify the Host name and Domain (DNS
suffix) of the AWK-1100.
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3-11
DHCP Server (AP/Bridge modes only)
Basic
AWK-1100 can assign IP addresses to client computers automatically by DHCP. In this section of
the management page, you can specify the Default gateway, Subnet mask, Primary DNS server,
and Secondary DNS server settings that will be sent to a client at its request. Additionally, you
can specify the first IP address that will be assigned to the clients and the number of allocateable
IP addresses.
NOTE There should only be one DHCP server on the LAN; otherwise, DHCP will not work properly. If
there already is a DHCP server on the LAN, disable the DHCP server functionality of the
AWK-1100.
By default the DHCP server function is disabled.
Static DHCP Mappings
IP addresses of servers are often static so that clients can always locate the servers by the static IP
addresses. By using Static DHCP Mappings, you can ensure that a host will get the same IP
address when it requests one from the DHCP server. Therefore, instead of configuring the IP
address of an intranet server manually, you can configure the server to obtain an IP address by
DHCP so that it is always assigned the same IP address.
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3-12
To assign a static IP address to a specific DHCP client:
1. Specify the MAC address of the DHCP client and the IP address to be assigned to it. Then,
give a description for this mapping.
2. Select the corresponding Enabled check box.
Configuring IEEE 802.11g-related Settings
Communication
Basic
Basic IEEE 802.11g-related communication settings include AP functionality, RF type,
Regulatory domain, Channel number, Network name (SSID), Data rate, and Transmit
power.
For specific needs such as configuring the AWK-1100 as a wireless LAN-to-LAN bridge, the AP
functionality can be disabled so that no wireless client can associate with the AP.
The RF type of the WLAN interface can be configured to work with IEEE 802.11b only (B Only),
IEEE 802.11g only (G Only), B WIFI mode (for internal usage), or mixed mode (Mixed—802.11g
and 802.11b simultaneously).
The number of available RF channels depends on local regulations; therefore, you must choose an
appropriate regulatory domain to comply with local regulations. The SSID of a wireless client
computer and the SSID of the AP must be identical for them to communicate with each other.
If you experience RF interference, you may want to reduce the Data rate to ensure a more reliable
wireless transmission. In most cases, leave the setting to Auto.
The transmit power of the RF module of the AWK-1100 can be adjusted so that the RF coverage
of the AWK-1100 can be changed.
Link Integrity
When the Ethernet LAN interface has been detected to be disconnected from the wired network,
all currently associated wireless clients are disassociated by the AP and no wireless client can
associate with the AP. The detection mechanism is based on pinging the IP address specified in the
Reference host.
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Association Control
If the number of currently associated wireless clients exceeds the value specified in the Max
number of clients setting, no more wireless clients can associate with the AWK-1100. If the
traffic load of the AWK-1100 exceeds the load specified in the Block clients if traffic load
exceeds setting, no more wireless clients can associate with the AWK-1100.
AP Load Balancing
Several APs can form a load-balancing group if they are set with the same Group ID. The
load-balancing policy can be by Number of Users or by Traffic Load.
If the by-number-of-users policy is selected, a new wireless user can only associate with an AP
that has the smallest number of associated wireless users in the group. On the other hand, if the
by-traffic-load policy is selected, a new wireless user can only associate with an AP that has the
least traffic load in the group.
Wireless Distribution System
LAN
AP 2
Notebook
Computer
AP 1
WDS
Traditionally, access points are connected by Ethernet. By using a Wireless Distribution System
(WDS), APs can communicate with one another wirelessly. For example, AP 2 acts as an access
point for the notebook computers and it forwards packets sent from the notebook computers to AP
1 through WDS. Then, AP 1 forwards the packets to the Ethernet LAN. Packets destined for the
notebook computers follow a reverse path from the Ethernet LAN through the APs to the notebook
computers. In this way, AP 2 plays a role of “AP repeater.”
LAN
Segment 2
LAN
Segment 1
Bridge 1
WDS Link
Bridge 2
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By WDS, two or more LAN segments can be connected wirelessly. As illustrated in the above
figure, a pair of wireless LAN-to-LAN bridges is used to connect two LAN segments. Since the
AP is WDS-enabled, it can be used as a wireless bridge.
NOTE An AWK-1100 can have up to 6 WDS links to other APs or wireless bridges.
To enable a WDS link:
1. Specify the MAC address of the AWK-1100 at the other end of the WDS link.
2. Select the corresponding Enabled check box.
For example, assume that you want two AWK-1100s with MAC addresses 00-02-65-01-62-C5
and 00-02-65-01-62-C6 to establish a WDS link. On the AWK-1100 with MAC address
00-02-65-01-62-C5, set the peer MAC address of port 1 to 00-02-65-01-62-C6 and on AWK-1100
with MAC address 00-02-65-01-62-C6, set the peer MAC address of port 1 to 00-02-65-01-C5.
TIP Plan your wireless network and draw a diagram so that you know how each AWK-1100 is
connected to other peer APs or wireless bridges by WDS, and how bridges are connected to other
peer bridges by WDS. See the following figure for an example network-planning diagram.
Sample wireless bridge network topology.
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WARNING
Be sure to eliminate loops from networks that consist of wireless bridges, Ethernet switches,
Ethernet links, and WDS links. If any loops exist, packets will circle around the loops and
network performance will be seriously degraded.
Network topology containing a loop
Security
IEEE 802.11g security settings include SSID broadcasts, Wireless client isolation, Security
mode, IEEE 802.11 Authentication algorithm, WEP keys, MAC-Address-Based Access
Control.
Basic
For security reasons, it is highly recommended that the security mode be set to options other than
Open System. When the security mode is set to Open System, no authentication or data
encryption will be performed. In addition, you can disable the SSID broadcast functionality so that
a wireless client computer with an SSID set to “any” cannot associate with the AWK-1100.
When the Wireless client isolation setting is set to This AP Only, wireless clients of this AP
cannot see each other, and wireless-to-wireless traffic is blocked. When the setting is set to All
APs in this Subnet, traffic among wireless users from different APs in the same IP subnet is
blocked. This feature is useful for WLANs deployed in public places. In this way, hackers have no
chance to attack other wireless users in a hotspot. The behaviors are illustrated in the following
figures.
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3-16
AP 1 AP 2
STA 1 STA 2 STA 3
Wireless Link
Ethernet Link
Switch
WCI:
This AP Only
WCI:
This AP Only
Behavior of the “This AP Only” wireless client isolation option
AP 1 AP 2
STA 1 STA 2 STA 3
Wireless Link
Ethernet Link
Switch
WCI:
All APs in This
Subnet
WCI:
All APs in This
Subnet
Behavior of the “All APs on This Subnet” wireless client isolation option
When AP 1 and AP 2 are using the “This AP Only” option, wireless traffic between STA 1 and
STA 2 is blocked by AP 1, whereas wireless traffic between STA 2 and STA 3 (which are
associated with different APs) is still allowed. If the “All APs in This Subnet” option is used as
shown in above figure, AP 1 and AP 2 communicate with each other via an inter-AP protocol to
share their STA association information to block wireless traffic among all the STAs.
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A total of 7 security modes are available with the different AWK-1100 models:
y Open System. No authentication, no data encryption.
y Static WEP. WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) keys must be manually configured.
y Static TKIP (WPA-PSK). Only TKIP (Temporal Key Integrity Protocol) mechanism of WPA
(Wi-Fi Protected Access) is enabled. In this mode, you need to specify the Pre-shared key,
which will be used by the TKIP engine as a master key to generate keys that actually encrypt
outgoing packets and decrypt incoming packets.
NOTE The number of characters of the Pre-shared key setting must be at least 8 and can be up to 63.
y IEEE 802.1X EAP without Encryption (EAP-MD5). The IEEE 802.1X functionality is
enabled and the user-name/password-based EAP-MD5 authentication is used. No data
encryption.
y IEEE 802.1X EAP with Static WEP (EAP-MD5). The IEEE 802.1X functionality is enabled
and the user-name/password-based EAP-MD5 authentication is used. Data encryption is
achieved by static WEP.
y IEEE 802.1X EAP with Dynamic WEP (EAP-TLS, EAP-TTLS, PEAP). The IEEE 802.1X
functionality is enabled and dynamic WEP key distribution authentication (EAP-TLS,
EAP-TTLS, or PEAP) is used. Data encryption is achieved by dynamic WEP.
y IEEE 802.1X EAP with Dynamic TKIP (WPA). This is a full WPA mode, in which both the
TKIP and IEEE 802.1X dynamic key exchange mechanisms are enabled. The AP is highly
secure in this mode.
In the above security modes, a back-end RADIUS (Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service)
server is needed if IEEE 802.1X functionality is enabled. See Section 0 for more information
about IEEE 802.1X and RADIUS.
According to the IEEE 802.11 standard, WEP can be used for authentication and data encryption.
Normally, Shared Key authentication is used if WEP data encryption is enabled. In rare cases,
Open System authentication may be used when WEP data encryption is enabled. The
Authentication algorithm setting is provided for better compatibility with wireless clients with
various WLAN network adapters. There are three options available, including Open System,
Shared Key, and Auto.
When WEP is enabled by a security mode, the Key length can be specified to be 64 Bits or 128
Bits. The Selected key setting specifies the key to be used as a send-key for encrypting traffic
from the AP side to the wireless client side. All 4 WEP keys are used as receive-keys to decrypt
traffic from the wireless client side to the AP side.
NOTE Each field of a WEP key setting is a hex-decimal number from 00 to FF. For example, when the
security mode is Static WEP and the key length is 64 Bits, you could set Key 1 to
“00012E3ADF”.
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MAC-Address-Based Access Control
With MAC-Address-Based Access Control, you can specify the wireless client computers that
are permitted or not permitted to associate with the AWK-1100. When the table type is set to
inclusive, entries in the table are permitted to associate with the AWK-1100. When the table type
is set to exclusive, entries in the table are not permitted to associate with the AWK-1100.
To deny access for wireless clients to the wireless network:
1. Select Enabled from the Functionality drop-down list.
2. Set the Access control type to exclusive.
3. Specify the MAC address of a wireless client to be denied access, and then click Add.
4. Repeat Steps 3 for other wireless clients.
To grant access for wireless clients to the wireless network:
1. Select Enabled from the Functionality drop-down list.
2. Set the Access control type to inclusive.
3. Specify the MAC address of a wireless client to be denied access, and then click Add.
4. Repeat Steps 3 for other wireless clients.
To delete an entry in the access control table:
y Click Delete next to the entry.
NOTE The size of the access control table is 64.
Instead of manually entering MAC addresses to the access control table one by one, you can
prepare a text file that contains all the MAC addresses and put it on a TFTP server, and then
command the AWK-1100 to download the MAC ACL (Access Control List) file from the TFTP
server. The following figure shows the contents of a sample ACL file.
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3-19
Sample MAC ACL file
To download a MAC ACL file from a TFTP server:
1. Specify the IP address of the TFTP server in the TFTP server IP address text box.
2. Specify the name of the MAC ACL file on the TFTP server in the MAC ACL file name text
box.
3. Click Download.
IEEE 802.1X/RADIUS (AP mode only)
IEEE 802.1X Port-Based Network Access Control is a new standard for solving some security
issues associated with IEEE 802.11, such as lack of user-based authentication and dynamic
encryption key distribution. With IEEE 802.1X and the help of a RADIUS (Remote
Authentication Dial-In User Service) server and a user account database, an enterprise or ISP
(Internet Service Provider) can manage its mobile users’ access to its wireless LANs. Before being
granted access to a wireless LAN supporting IEEE 802.1X, a user needs to issue his or her user
name and password or digital certificate to the backend RADIUS server by EAPOL (Extensible
Authentication Protocol Over LAN). The RADIUS server can record accounting information, such
as when a user logs on to the wireless LAN and logs off from the wireless LAN for monitoring or
billing purposes.
The IEEE 802.1X functionality of the access point is controlled by the security mode. So far, the
wireless access point supports two authentication mechanisms—EAP-MD5 (Message Digest
version 5), EAP-TLS (Transport Layer Security). If EAP-MD5 is used, the user must give his or
her user name and password for authentication. If EAP-TLS is used, the wireless client computer
automatically gives the user’s digital certificate that is stored in the computer hard disk or a smart
card for authentication. And after a successful EAP-TLS authentication, a session key is generated
automatically for encrypting wireless packets sent between the wireless client computer and the
associated wireless access point. In short, EAP-MD5 only supports user authentication, whereas
EAP-TLS supports both user authentication and dynamic encryption key distribution.
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RADIUS
Server
Internet
Wireless AP
Wireless AP
User
Database
user authentication
user authentication
IEEE 802.1X-Compliant
Wireless Client
IEEE 802.1X and RADIUS
An access point supporting IEEE 802.1X can be configured to communicate with two RADIUS
servers. When the primary RADIUS server fails to respond, the wireless access point will try to
communicate with the secondary RADIUS server. You can specify the length of timeout and the
number of retries before communicating with the secondary RADIUS server after failing to
communicate with the primary RADIUS server.
An IEEE 802.1X-capable wireless access point and its RADIUS server(s) share a secret key so
that they can authenticate each other. In addition to its IP address, a wireless access point can
identify itself by an NAS (Network Access Server) identifier. Each IEEE 802.1X-capable wireless
access point must have a unique NAS identifier.
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Configuring Advanced Settings
Packet Filters
The AWK-1100 provides layer 2 (Ethernet Type Filters), layer 3 (IP Protocol Filters), and layer 4
(TCP/UDP Port Filters) filtering capabilities. The configuration processes for the filters are
similar.
y Functionality: whether this filtering capability is enabled or disabled.
y Policy for matched packets: how a matched packet is processed—discard or pass.
y To enable a filtering rule: select the check box to the left of the rule.
Ethernet Type Filters
The filed Ethernet type of the MAC (Media Access Control) header of a packet incoming from the
WLAN or Ethernet interface is inspected for filtering. As a rule, specify the hex-decimal Ethernet
type number and give the rule a name.
IP Protocol Filters
The protocol, source address, and destination address fields of a packet incoming from the WLAN
or Ethernet interface is inspected for filtering. As a rule, specify the hex-decimal protocol number,
source IP address range (Source IP Address AND Source Subnet Mask), and destination IP
address range (Destination IP Address AND Destination Subnet Mask).
A source/destination IP address range is determined by performing an AND operation on the
source/destination IP address field and the source/destination subnet mask field. For example, if
the source IP address field is 192.168.127.253 and the source subnet mask field is 255.255.255.0,
the resultant source IP address range is 192.168.127.0 to 192.168.127.255.
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TCP/UDP Port Filters
The destination port field of the TCP or UDP header of a packet incoming from the WLAN or
Ethernet interface is inspected for filtering. As a rule, specify the decimal Destination Port,
Protocol type (TCP/UDP), and the name of the higher-level protocol (Application Name).
Management
UPnP
UPnP (Universal Plug and Play) enables a Windows XP user to discover peripheral devices
automatically by HTTP. When the UPnP functionality is enabled, you can see the AP in My
Network Places of Windows XP. The AWK-1100 can be given a friend name that will be shown
in My Network Places. Double-clicking the icon in My Network Places that stands for the AP will
launch the default Web browser for you to configure the AWK-1100.
System Log
System events can be logged to the on-board RAM of the AWK-1100 (Local log) or sent to a
remote computer on which an SNMP trap monitor program runs (Remote log by SNMP trap).
See the next subsection for more information about SNMP trap settings.
The system events are divided into the following categories:
y General: system and network connectivity status changes.
y Built-in AP: wireless client association and WEP authentication status changes.
y MIB II traps: Cold Start, Warm Start, Link Up, Link Down and SNMP Authentication Failure.
y RADIUS user authentication: RADIUS user authentication status changes.
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NOTE The SNMP Authentication Failure trap is issued when using an incorrect community string to
manage the AP via SNMP and the SNMP MIB II OID, snmpEnableAuthenTraps, is enabled
(disabled by default).
SNMP
The SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) functionality can be disabled, and you can
specify the name (used as a password) of the read-only and read-write community. In addition, up
to 5 SNMP trap targets can be set in the SNMP Trap Table.
To specify a trap target :
1. Type the IP address of the target host.
2. Type the Community for the host.
Select the corresponding check box next to the IP address text box.
A
A
Appendix A Default Settings
TIP Press the Reset (SF-Reset, or Soft-Reset) switch on the housing of a powered-on AP to reset the
configuration settings to factory-default values.
Setting Name Default Value
Global
User Name admin
Password root
IEEE 802.11g
Regulatory Domain FCC (U.S.) or ETSI (Europe)
Channel Number 11 for FCC or 13 for ETSI
SSID MOXA
SSID Broadcasts Enabled
Transmission Rate Auto
Transmit Power 100%
MAC Address See the label on the accompanying PCMCIA card
or the label on the housing of the AWK-1100.
Security Mode Open System
Selected WEP Key Key #1
WEP Key #1 00-00-00-00-00
WEP Key #2 00-00-00-00-00
WEP Key #3 00-00-00-00-00
WEP Key #4 00-00-00-00-00
MAC-Address-Based Access Control Disabled
Access Control Table Type Inclusive
Wireless Client Isolation Disabled
AP Load balancing Disabled
Link Integrity Disabled
Association Control
Max Number of Clients 64
Block Clients if Traffic Load Exceeds Disabled
MOXA AirWorks AWK-1100 User’s Manual Default Settings
A-2
LAN Interface
Method of obtaining an IP Address Set manually
IP Address 192.168.127.253
Subnet Mask 255.255.255.0
Default Gateway 0.0.0.0
DHCP Server Disabled
Management
UPnP Enabled
System Log Local Log
SNMP Enabled
SNMP read community public
SNMP write community private
TELNET Enabled
B
B
Appendix B Troubleshooting
Check the following first:
y Make sure that the AWK-1100’s power is on and the Ethernet cables are connected firmly to
the RJ45 jacks of the AWK-1100.
y Make sure the LED WLAN of the AP is blinking to indicate that the RF is working.
y Make sure you are using the correct types of Ethernet cables. Keep in mind that there are two
kind of Ethernet cable—normal and crossover.
Wireless Settings Problems
The wireless client computer cannot associate with an AWK-1100.
y Is the wireless client set in infrastructure mode?
¾ Check the operating mode of the WLAN NIC.
y Is the SSID of the WLAN NIC identical to that of the prospective AWK-1100?
¾ Check the SSID setting of the WLAN NIC and of the AWK-1100.
y Is the WEP functionality of the prospective AWK-1100 enabled?
¾ Make appropriate WEP settings of the client computer to match those of the AWK-1100.
y Is the prospective AWK-1100 within range of wireless communication?
¾ Check the signal strength and link quality sensed by the WLAN NIC.
MOXA AirWorks AWK-1100 User’s Manual Troubleshooting
B-2
TCP/IP Settings Problems
Default Gateway
of Client Computer
AP
IEEE 802.11g
Stage A State B
Correspondent
Host
Stage D
Client
Computer
DNS Server
of Client Computer
Ethernet LAN
Internet
Communication stages for a client to reach its correspondent host
For a wireless client computer to communicate with a host on the Internet by the host’s domain
name (e.g., http://www.wi-fi.com), it first sends a DNS request to a DNS server on the Internet.
The DNS request travels first to the AP, and then the AP relays this request to the default gateway
of the client computer. Finally, this request is forwarded by the gateway to the DNS server on the
Internet. The DNS reply issued by the DNS server is transmitted back to the client computer
following a reverse path. When the client computer receives the DNS reply, it knows the IP
address of the correspondent host and sends additional packets to this IP address.
As illustrated in the above figure, the communication path could be broken at some of the stages.
The OS-provided network diagnostic tool, ping.exe, can be employed to determine TCP/IP-related
communication problems.
NOTE If two or more NICs are installed and operating on a client computer, TCP/IP may not work
properly due to incorrect entries in the routing table. Use the OS-provided command-line network
tool, route.exe, to add or delete entries from the routing table. Or, use Windows-provided Device
Manager to disable unnecessary NICs.
Solve the following problems in order:
The AP does not respond to ping from the client computer.
y Are two or more NICs installed on the client computer?
¾ Use the OS-provided command-line network tool, route.exe, to modify the contents of
the routing table.
¾ Use Windows-provided Device Manager to disable unnecessary NICs.
y Is the underlying link (Ethernet or IEEE 802.11g) established?
¾ Make sure the Ethernet link is OK.
¾ Make sure the wireless settings of the wireless client computer and of the AP match.
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B-3
y Are the IP address of the client computer and the IP address of the AP on the same IP subnet?
¾ Use WinIPCfg.exe or IPConfig.exe to see the current IP address of the client computer.
Make sure the IP address of the client computer and the IP address of the AP are on the
same IP subnet.
TIP If you forget the current IP address of the AP, use a Wireless Router/AP Browser combination to
get the information (see Appendix B-3).
The default gateway of the client computer does not respond to ping from the client
computer.
y Solve the preceding problem first.
y Are the IP address of the AP and the IP address of the client computer on the same IP subnet?
y If you cannot locate any incorrect AP settings, the default gateway may be down, or there are
other communication problems on the network backbone.
The DNS server(s) of the client computer do not respond to ping from the client computer.
y Solve the preceding problems first.
y If you cannot locate any incorrect AP settings, the default gateway of the AP may be down, or
there are other communication problems on the network backbone.
Unknown Problems
The AP has been set to obtain an IP address automatically by DHCP. How can I determine
the acquired IP address so that I can manage it using a Web browser?
y Use the utility, Wireless Router/AP Browser (WLBrwsr.exe), in the “Utilities” folder on the
companion CD-ROM disc. This utility can discover nearby APs and show their MAC
addresses and IP addresses. In addition, it can launch the default Web browser on your
computer.
Wireless Router/AP Browser
MOXA AirWorks AWK-1100 User’s Manual Troubleshooting
B-4
The AWK-1100 stops working and does not respond to Web management requests.
y The firmware of the AP may be stuck in an incorrect state.
¾ Unplug the power connector from the power jack, and then re-plug the connector to
restart the AP.
¾ Report this problem to our technical support staff.
y If the AP still does not work after being restarted, some hardware components of the AP may
have failed.
¾ Contact our technical support staff.
C
C
Appendix C Regulatory Statement
Federal Communication Commission Interference Statement
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device,
pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection
against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses and can
radiated radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions,
may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that
interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful
interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off
and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one of the following measures:
y Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
y Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.
y Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is
connected.
y Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.
FCC Caution: To assure continued compliance, (example – use only shielded interface cables
when connecting to computer or peripheral devices). Any changes or modifications not expressly
approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user’s authority to operate this
equipment.
This transmitter must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any other antenna or
transmitter.
FCC Radiation Exposure Statement
This equipment complies with FCC radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled
environment. This equipment should be installed and operated with minimum distance 20 cm
between the radiator & your body.
This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two
conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept
any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.
R&TTE Compliance Statement
This equipment complies with all the requirements of DIRECTIVE 1999/5/CE OF THE
EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND THE COUNCIL OF 9 March 1999 on radio equipment and
telecommunication terminal equipment and the mutual recognition of their conformity (R&TTE).
The R&TTE Directive repeals and replaces in the directive 98/13/EEC (Telecommunications
Terminal Equipment and Satellite Earth Station Equipment) as of April 8,2000.
MOXA AirWorks AWK-1100 User’s Manual Regulatory Statement
C-2
Safety
This equipment is designed with the utmost care for the safety of those who install and use it.
However, special attention must be paid to the dangers of electric shock and static electricity when
working with electrical equipment. All guidelines of this and of the computer manufacture must
therefore be allowed at all times to ensure the safe use of the equipment.
EU Countries Intended for Use
The ETSI version of this device is intended for home and office use in Austria, Belgium, Denmark,
Finland, France (with Frequency channel restrictions), Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy,
Luxembourg, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, The Netherlands, and United Kingdom.
The ETSI version of this device is also authorized for use in EFTA member states Norway and
Switzerland.
EU Countries Not Intended for Use
None.
Potential Restrictive Use
France: only channels 10, 11, 12, and 13.
D
D
Appendix D Service Information
This appendix shows you how to contact Moxa for information about this and other products, and
how to report problems.
In this appendix, we cover the following topics.
MOXA Internet Services
Problem Report Form
Product Return Procedure
MOXA AirWorks AWK-1100 User’s Manual Service Information
D-2
MOXA Internet Services
Customer satisfaction is our number one concern, and to ensure that customers receive the full
benefit of our products, Moxa Internet Services has been set up to provide technical support, driver
updates, product information, and user’s manual updates.
The following services are provided
E-mail for technical support................................support@moxanet.com
World Wide Web (WWW) Site for product information:
.............................http://www.moxa.com
MOXA AirWorks AWK-1100 User’s Manual Service Information
D-3
Problem Report Form
MOXA AirWorks AWK-1100
Customer name:
Company:
Tel: Fax:
Email: Date:
1. Moxa Product: AWK-1100-US AWK-1100-EU
2. Serial Number: _________________
Problem Description: Please describe the symptoms of the problem as clearly as possible, including any error
messages you see. A clearly written description of the problem will allow us to reproduce the symptoms, and
expedite the repair of your product.
MOXA AirWorks AWK-1100 User’s Manual Service Information
D-4
Product Return Procedure
For product repair, exchange, or refund, the customer must:
Provide evidence of original purchase.
Obtain a Product Return Agreement (PRA) from the sales representative or dealer.
Fill out the Problem Report Form (PRF). Include as much detail as possible for a shorter
product repair time.
Carefully pack the product in an anti-static package, and send it, pre-paid, to the dealer. The
PRA should be visible on the outside of the package, and include a description of the problem,
along with the return address and telephone number of a technical contact.