Omron Garage Door Opener C200Hs Users Manual W235e15*

C200HS to the manual ee1d752c-9bfd-4b67-89fa-34487de6beeb

2015-01-24

: Omron Omron-Garage-Door-Opener-C200Hs-Users-Manual-332512 omron-garage-door-opener-c200hs-users-manual-332512 omron pdf

Open the PDF directly: View PDF PDF.
Page Count: 504

DownloadOmron Omron-Garage-Door-Opener-C200Hs-Users-Manual- W235e15* Omron-garage-door-opener-c200hs-users-manual
Open PDF In BrowserView PDF
Cat. No. W235-E1-5

SYSMAC

C200HS
Programmable Controllers

C200HS Programmable Controllers
Operation Manual
Revised February 2002

Notice:
OMRON products are manufactured for use according to proper procedures by a qualified operator
and only for the purposes described in this manual.
The following conventions are used to indicate and classify precautions in this manual. Always heed
the information provided with them. Failure to heed precautions can result in injury to people or damage to property.

DANGER

Indicates an imminently hazardous situation which, if not avoided, will result in death or
serious injury.

! WARNING

Indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in death or
serious injury.

! Caution

Indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided, may result in minor or
moderate injury, or property damage.

!

OMRON Product References
All OMRON products are capitalized in this manual. The word “Unit” is also capitalized when it refers
to an OMRON product, regardless of whether or not it appears in the proper name of the product.
The abbreviation “Ch,” which appears in some displays and on some OMRON products, often means
“word” and is abbreviated “Wd” in documentation in this sense.
The abbreviation “PC” means Programmable Controller and is not used as an abbreviation for anything else.

Visual Aids
The following headings appear in the left column of the manual to help you locate different types of
information.
Note Indicates information of particular interest for efficient and convenient operation
of the product.

1, 2, 3...

1. Indicates lists of one sort or another, such as procedures, checklists, etc.

 OMRON, 1994
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any
form, or by any means, mechanical, electronic, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of OMRON.
No patent liability is assumed with respect to the use of the information contained herein. Moreover, because OMRON is
constantly striving to improve its high-quality products, the information contained in this manual is subject to change
without notice. Every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this manual. Nevertheless, OMRON assumes no
responsibility for errors or omissions. Neither is any liability assumed for damages resulting from the use of the information contained in this publication.

ii

About this Manual:
This manual describes the operation of the C200HS C-series Programmable Controllers, and it includes
the sections described below. Installation information is provided in the C200HS Programmable Controller Installation Guide. A table of other manuals that can be used in conjunction with this manual is provided
in Section 1 Introduction. Provided in Section 2 Hardware Considerations is a description of the differences between the older CPUs and the new CPUs described in this manual.
Please read this manual completely and be sure you understand the information provided before attempting to operate the C200HS. Be sure to read the precautions in the following section.

Section 1 Introduction explains the background and some of the basic terms used in ladder-diagram
programming. It also provides an overview of the process of programming and operating a PC and explains basic terminology used with OMRON PCs. Descriptions of Peripheral Devices used with the
C200HS PCs and a table of other manuals available to use with this manual for special PC applications
are also provided.
Section 2 Hardware Considerations explains basic aspects of the overall PC configuration and describes the indicators that are referred to in other sections of this manual.
Section 3 Memory Areas takes a look at the way memory is divided and allocated and explains the information provided there to aid in programming. It explains how I/O is managed in memory and how bits in
memory correspond to specific I/O points. It also provides information on System DM, a special area in
C200HS PCs that provides the user with flexible control of PC operating parameters.
Section 4 Writing and Entering Programs explains the basics of ladder-diagram programming, looking
at the elements that make up the parts of a ladder-diagram program and explaining how execution of this
program is controlled. It also explains how to convert ladder diagrams into mnemonic code so that the
programs can be entered using a Programming Console.
Section 5 Instruction Set describes all of the instructions used in programming.

Section 6 Program Execution Timing explains the cycling process used to execute the program and
tells how to coordinate inputs and outputs so that they occur at the proper times.
Section 7 Program Debugging and Execution explains the Programming Console procedures used to
input and debug the program and to monitor and control operation.
Section 8 Communications provides an overview of the communications features provided by the
C200HS.
Section 9 Memory Cassette Operations describes how to manage both UM Area and IOM data via
Memory Cassettes. mounted in the CPU.
Section 10 Troubleshooting provides information on error indications and other means of reducing downtime. Information in this section is also useful when debugging programs.
Section 11 Host Link Commands explains the methods and procedures for using host link commands,
which can be used for host link communications via the C200HS ports.
The Appendices provide tables of standard OMRON products available for the C200HS PCs, reference
tables of instructions and Programming Console operations, coding sheet to help in programming and
parameter input, and other information helpful in PC operation.

! WARNING Failure to read and understand the information provided in this manual may result in
personal injury or death, damage to the product, or product failure. Please read each
section in its entirety and be sure you understand the information provided in the section
and related sections before attempting any of the procedures or operations given.

iii

TABLE OF CONTENTS
PRECAUTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1
2
3
4
5
6

xiii

Intended Audience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Safety Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Operating Environment Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Application Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Conformance to EC Directives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

xiv
xiv
xiv
xiv
xv
xvi

SECTION 1 – Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1

1-1
1-2
1-3
1-4
1-5
1-6
1-7
1-8

Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
The Origins of PC Logic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PC Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
OMRON Product Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Overview of PC Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Peripheral Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Available Manuals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
New C200HS Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1-8-1
Improved Memory Capabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1-8-2
Faster Execution Times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1-8-3
Larger Instruction Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1-8-4
Wide Selection of Special I/O Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1-8-5
Improved Interrupt Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1-8-6
SYSMAC NET Link and SYSMAC LINK Capabilities . . . . . . . . . . .
1-8-7
Built-in RS-232C Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1-8-8
More Flexible PC Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1-8-9
Debugging and Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1-8-10
New Programming Console Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1-8-11
Peripheral Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1-8-12
Using C200H Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2
2
3
3
4
5
5
6
7
7
8
9
9
9
10
10
10
10
10
11

SECTION 2 – Hardware Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15

2-1

CPU Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2-1-1
CPU Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2-1-2
Peripheral Device Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PC Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
CPU Capabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Memory Cassettes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Installing Memory Cassettes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
CPU DIP Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16
17
18
18
19
20
21
23

SECTION 3 – Memory Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

25

2-2
2-3
2-4
2-5
2-6
3-1
3-2
3-3
3-4

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Data Area Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
IR (Internal Relay) Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SR (Special Relay) Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-4-1
SYSMAC NET/SYSMAC LINK System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-4-2
Remote I/O Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-4-3
Link System Flags and Control Bits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-4-4
Forced Status Hold Bit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-4-5
I/O Status Hold Bit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-4-6
Output OFF Bit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-4-7
FAL (Failure Alarm) Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-4-8
Low Battery Flag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-4-9
Cycle Time Error Flag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

26
27
31
33
37
39
39
41
42
42
42
42
43

v

Table of contents
3-4-10
I/O Verification Error Flag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-4-11
First Cycle Flag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-4-12
Clock Pulse Bits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-4-13
Step Flag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-4-14
Group-2 Error Flag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-4-15
Special Unit Error Flag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-4-16
Instruction Execution Error Flag, ER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-4-17
Arithmetic Flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-4-18
Interrupt Subroutine Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-4-19
RS-232C Port Communications Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-4-20
Peripheral Port Communications Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-4-21
Memory Cassette Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-4-22
Data Transfer Error Bits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-4-23
Ladder Diagram Memory Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-4-24
Memory Error Flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-4-25
Data Save Flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-4-26
Transfer Error Flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-4-27
PC Setup Error Flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-5 AR (Auxiliary Relay) Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-5-1
Restarting Special I/O Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-5-2
Slave Rack Error Flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-5-3
Group-2 Error Flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-5-4
Optical I/O Unit and I/O Terminal Error Flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-5-5
SYSMAC LINK System Data Link Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-5-6
Error History Bits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-5-7
Active Node Flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-5-8
SYSMAC LINK/SYSMAC NET Link System Service Time . . . . . .
3-5-9
Calendar/Clock Area and Bits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-5-10
TERMINAL Mode Key Bits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-5-11
Power OFF Counter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-5-12
Cycle Time Flag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-5-13
Link Unit Mounted Flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-5-14
CPU-mounting Device Mounted Flag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-5-15
FPD Trigger Bit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-5-16
Data Tracing Flags and Control Bits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-5-17
Cycle Time Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-6 DM (Data Memory) Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-6-1
Expansion DM Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-6-2
Special I/O Unit Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-6-3
Error History Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-6-4
PC Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-7 HR (Holding Relay) Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-8 TC (Timer/Counter) Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-9 LR (Link Relay) Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-10 UM Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-11 TR (Temporary Relay) Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

43
43
43
44
44
44
44
44
45
45
46
46
47
47
47
47
48
48
48
50
50
50
50
51
51
52
52
52
53
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
55
56
56
57
58
60
60
61
61
61

SECTION 4 – Writing and Inputting the Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

63

4-1
4-2
4-3
4-4

4-5

vi

Basic Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Instruction Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Program Capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Basic Ladder Diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-4-1
Basic Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-4-2
Mnemonic Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-4-3
Ladder Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-4-4
OUTPUT and OUTPUT NOT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-4-5
The END Instruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-4-6
Logic Block Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-4-7
Coding Multiple Right-hand Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
The Programming Console . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

64
64
65
65
66
66
67
70
70
71
78
78

Table of contents
4-5-1
The Keyboard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-5-2
PC Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-5-3
The Display Message Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-6 Preparation for Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-6-1
Entering the Password . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-6-2
Buzzer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-6-3
Clearing Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-6-4
Registering the I/O Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-6-5
Clearing Error Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-6-6
Verifying the I/O Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-6-7
Reading the I/O Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-6-8
Clearing the I/O Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-6-9
SYSMAC NET Link Table Transfer (CPU31/33-E Only) . . . . . . . . .
4-7 Inputting, Modifying, and Checking the Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-7-1
Setting and Reading from Program Memory Address . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-7-2
Entering and Editing Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-7-3
Checking the Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-7-4
Displaying the Cycle Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-7-5
Program Searches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-7-6
Inserting and Deleting Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-7-7
Branching Instruction Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-7-8
Jumps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-8 Controlling Bit Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-8-1
DIFFERENTIATE UP and DIFFERENTIATE DOWN . . . . . . . . . . .
4-8-2
KEEP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-8-3
Self-maintaining Bits (Seal) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-9 Work Bits (Internal Relays) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-10 Programming Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-11 Program Execution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

78
80
80
80
81
81
82
84
85
86
87
89
90
92
92
93
96
98
99
100
103
107
108
109
109
109
110
112
114

SECTION 5 – Instruction Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

115

5-1
5-2
5-3
5-4
5-5
5-6
5-7

5-8

5-9

5-10
5-11
5-12
5-13
5-14

Notation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Instruction Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Data Areas, Definer Values, and Flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Differentiated Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Expansion Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Coding Right-hand Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Instruction Set Lists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-7-1
Function Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-7-2
Alphabetic List by Mnemonic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ladder Diagram Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-8-1
LOAD, LOAD NOT, AND, AND NOT, OR, and OR NOT . . . . . . . .
5-8-2
AND LOAD and OR LOAD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Bit Control Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-9-1
OUTPUT and OUTPUT NOT – OUT and OUT NOT . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-9-2
DIFFERENTIATE UP and DOWN – DIFU(13) and DIFD(14) . . . . .
5-9-3
SET and RESET – SET and RSET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-9-4
KEEP – KEEP(11) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
INTERLOCK and INTERLOCK CLEAR – IL(02) and ILC(03) . . . . . . . . . . . .
JUMP and JUMP END – JMP(04) and JME(05) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
END – END(01) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
NO OPERATION – NOP(00) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Timer and Counter Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-14-1
TIMER – TIM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-14-2
HIGH-SPEED TIMER – TIMH(15) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-14-3
TOTALIZING TIMER – TTIM(87) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-14-4
COUNTER – CNT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-14-5
REVERSIBLE COUNTER – CNTR(12) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

118
118
118
119
120
122
125
125
125
129
129
130
130
130
131
133
133
135
137
138
138
138
139
143
144
145
148

vii

Table of contents
5-15 Data Shifting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-15-1
SHIFT REGISTER – SFT(10) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-15-2
REVERSIBLE SHIFT REGISTER – SFTR(84) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-15-3
ARITHMETIC SHIFT LEFT – ASL(25) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-15-4
ARITHMETIC SHIFT RIGHT – ASR(26) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-15-5
ROTATE LEFT – ROL(27) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-15-6
ROTATE RIGHT – ROR(28) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-15-7
ONE DIGIT SHIFT LEFT – SLD(74) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-15-8
ONE DIGIT SHIFT RIGHT – SRD(75) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-15-9
WORD SHIFT – WSFT(16) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-15-10 ASYNCHRONOUS SHIFT REGISTER – ASFT(17) . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-16 Data Movement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-16-1
MOVE – MOV(21) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-16-2
MOVE NOT – MVN(22) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-16-3
BLOCK SET – BSET(71) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-16-4
BLOCK TRANSFER – XFER(70) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-16-5
DATA EXCHANGE – XCHG(73) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-16-6
SINGLE WORD DISTRIBUTE – DIST(80) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-16-7
DATA COLLECT – COLL(81) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-16-8
MOVE BIT – MOVB(82) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-16-9
MOVE DIGIT – MOVD(83) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-16-10 TRANSFER BITS – XFRB(62) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-17 Data Comparison . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-17-1
MULTI-WORD COMPARE – MCMP(19) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-17-2
COMPARE – CMP(20) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-17-3
DOUBLE COMPARE – CMPL(60) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-17-4
BLOCK COMPARE – BCMP(68) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-17-5
TABLE COMPARE – TCMP(85) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-17-6
AREA RANGE COMPARE – ZCP(88) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-17-7
DOUBLE AREA RANGE COMPARE – ZCPL(––) . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-17-8
SIGNED BINARY COMPARE – CPS(––) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-17-9
DOUBLE SIGNED BINARY COMPARE – CPSL(––) . . . . . . . . . . .
5-18 Data Conversion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-18-1
BCD-TO-BINARY – BIN(23) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-18-2
DOUBLE BCD-TO-DOUBLE BINARY – BINL(58) . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-18-3
BINARY-TO-BCD – BCD(24) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-18-4
DOUBLE BINARY-TO-DOUBLE BCD – BCDL(59) . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-18-5
HOURS-TO-SECONDS – SEC(65) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-18-6
SECONDS-TO-HOURS – HMS(66) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-18-7
4-TO-16 DECODER – MLPX(76) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-18-8
16-TO-4 ENCODER – DMPX(77) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-18-9
7-SEGMENT DECODER – SDEC(78) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-18-10 ASCII CONVERT – ASC(86) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-18-11 ASCII-TO-HEXADECIMAL – HEX(––) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-18-12 SCALING – SCL(––) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-18-13 COLUMN TO LINE – LINE(63) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-18-14 LINE TO COLUMN – COLM(64) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-18-15 2’S COMPLEMENT – NEG(––) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-18-16 DOUBLE 2’S COMPLEMENT – NEGL(––) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-19 BCD Calculations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-19-1
INCREMENT – INC(38) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-19-2
DECREMENT – DEC(39) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-19-3
SET CARRY – STC(40) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-19-4
CLEAR CARRY – CLC(41) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-19-5
BCD ADD – ADD(30) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-19-6
DOUBLE BCD ADD – ADDL(54) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-19-7
BCD SUBTRACT – SUB(31) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-19-8
DOUBLE BCD SUBTRACT – SUBL(55) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-19-9
BCD MULTIPLY – MUL(32) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-19-10 DOUBLE BCD MULTIPLY – MULL(56) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

viii

150
150
152
154
154
155
155
156
156
157
157
158
159
159
160
161
162
162
164
166
167
168
169
169
170
172
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
180
181
181
182
183
184
185
188
191
194
195
198
200
201
202
203
204
204
204
205
205
205
206
207
209
211
212

Table of contents

5-20

5-21

5-22

5-23

5-24
5-25

5-26

5-27

5-19-11 BCD DIVIDE – DIV(33) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-19-12 DOUBLE BCD DIVIDE – DIVL(57) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-19-13 FLOATING POINT DIVIDE – FDIV(79) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-19-14 SQUARE ROOT – ROOT(72) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Binary Calculations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-20-1
BINARY ADD – ADB(50) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-20-2
BINARY SUBTRACT – SBB(51) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-20-3
BINARY MULTIPLY – MLB(52) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-20-4
BINARY DIVIDE – DVB(53) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-20-5
DOUBLE BINARY ADD – ADBL(––) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-20-6
DOUBLE BINARY SUBTRACT – SBBL(––) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-20-7
SIGNED BINARY MULTIPLY – MBS(––) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-20-8
DOUBLE SIGNED BINARY MULTIPLY – MBSL(––) . . . . . . . . . .
5-20-9
SIGNED BINARY DIVIDE – DBS(––) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-20-10 DOUBLE SIGNED BINARY DIVIDE – DBSL(––) . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Special Math Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-21-1
FIND MAXIMUM – MAX(––) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-21-2
FIND MINIMUM – MIN(––) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-21-3
AVERAGE VALUE – AVG(––) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-21-4
SUM – SUM(––) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-21-5
ARITHMETIC PROCESS – APR(69) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-21-6
PID CONTROL – PID(––) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Logic Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-22-1
COMPLEMENT – COM(29) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-22-2
LOGICAL AND – ANDW(34) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-22-3
LOGICAL OR – ORW(35) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-22-4
EXCLUSIVE OR – XORW(36) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-22-5
EXCLUSIVE NOR – XNRW(37) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Subroutines and Interrupt Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-23-1
Subroutines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-23-2
Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-23-3
SUBROUTINE ENTER – SBS(91) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-23-4
SUBROUTINE DEFINE and RETURN – SBN(92)/RET(93) . . . . . .
5-23-5
MACRO – MCRO(99) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-23-6
INTERRUPT CONTROL – INT(89) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Step Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-24-1
STEP DEFINE and STEP START–STEP(08)/SNXT(09) . . . . . . . . .
Special Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-25-1
FAILURE ALARM – FAL(06) and
SEVERE FAILURE ALARM – FALS(07) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-25-2
CYCLE TIME – SCAN(18) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-25-3
TRACE MEMORY SAMPLING – TRSM(45) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-25-4
MESSAGE DISPLAY – MSG(46) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-25-5
LONG MESSAGE – LMSG(47) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-25-6
TERMINAL MODE – TERM(48) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-25-7
WATCHDOG TIMER REFRESH – WDT(94) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-25-8
I/O REFRESH – IORF(97) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-25-9
GROUP-2 HIGH-DENSITY I/O REFRESH – MPRF(61) . . . . . . . . .
5-25-10 BIT COUNTER – BCNT(67) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-25-11 FRAME CHECKSUM – FCS(––) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-25-12 FAILURE POINT DETECTION – FPD(––) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-25-13 DATA SEARCH – SRCH(––) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-25-14 EXPANSION DM READ – XDMR(––) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Network Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-26-1
NETWORK SEND – SEND(90) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-26-2
NETWORK RECEIVE – RECV(98) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-26-3
About Network Communications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Serial Communications Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-27-1
RECEIVE – RXD(––) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-27-2
TRANSMIT – TXD(––) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

212
213
214
217
219
219
221
224
224
225
227
229
230
231
232
233
233
234
235
237
239
242
249
249
250
251
252
253
253
253
254
257
259
260
262
266
266
275
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
281
282
283
283
285
289
290
291
291
293
295
297
297
299

ix

Table of contents
5-28 Advanced I/O Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-28-1
7-SEGMENT DISPLAY OUTPUT – 7SEG(––) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-28-2
DIGITAL SWITCH INPUT – DSW(––) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-28-3
HEXADECIMAL KEY INPUT – HKY(––) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-28-4
TEN KEY INPUT – TKY(––) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-28-5
MATRIX INPUT – MTR(––) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

301
301
304
308
311
313

SECTION 6 – Program Execution Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

317

6-1
6-2

Cycle Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Calculating Cycle Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6-2-1
PC with I/O Units Only . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6-2-2
PC with Link Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Instruction Execution Times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
I/O Response Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6-4-1
Basic Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6-4-2
Remote I/O Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6-4-3
Host Link Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6-4-4
PC Link Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6-4-5
One-to-one Link I/O Response Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6-4-6
Interrupt Response Times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

318
322
322
323
324
333
333
334
336
337
339
341

SECTION 7 – Program Monitoring and Execution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

345

6-3
6-4

7-1

Monitoring Operation and Modifying Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-1-1
Bit/Word Monitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-1-2
Forced Set/Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-1-3
Forced Set/Reset Cancel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-1-4
Hexadecimal/BCD Data Modification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-1-5
Hex/ASCII Display Change . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-1-6
4-digit Hex/Decimal Display Change . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-1-7
8-digit Hex/Decimal Display Change . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-1-8
Differentiation Monitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-1-9
3-word Monitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-1-10
3-word Data Modification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-1-11
Binary Monitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-1-12
Binary Data Modification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-1-13
Changing Timer/Counter SV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-1-14
Expansion Instruction Function Code Assignments . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-1-15
UM Area Allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-1-16
Reading and Setting the Clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-1-17
Expansion Keyboard Mapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-1-18
Keyboard Mapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

346
346
349
351
352
354
355
356
357
358
358
359
361
362
365
366
367
367
368

SECTION 8 – Communications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

373

8-1
8-2

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Parameters for Host Link and RS-232C Communications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8-2-1
Standard Communications Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8-2-2
Specific Communications Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8-2-3
Wiring Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8-2-4
Host Link Communications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8-2-5
RS-232C Communications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8-2-6
One-to-one Link Communications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8-2-7
NT Links . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

374
374
375
376
377
377
379
382
384

SECTION 9 – Memory Cassette Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

385

9-1
9-2
9-3
9-4

x

Memory Cassettes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Memory Cassette Settings and Flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
UM Area Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
IOM Area Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

386
386
387
388

Table of contents
SECTION 10 – Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10-1
10-2
10-3
10-4
10-5
10-6

391

Alarm Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Programmed Alarms and Error Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Reading and Clearing Errors and Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Error Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Error Flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Host Link Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

392
392
392
392
397
399

SECTION 11 – Host Link Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

401

11-1
11-2

11-3

11-4

Communications Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Command and Response Formats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-2-1
Commands from the Host Computer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-2-2
Commands from the PC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Host Link Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-1
IR/SR AREA READ –– RR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-2
LR AREA READ –– RL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-3
HR AREA READ –– RH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-4
PV READ –– RC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-5
TC STATUS READ –– RG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-6
DM AREA READ –– RD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-7
AR AREA READ –– RJ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-8
IR/SR AREA WRITE –– WR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-9
LR AREA WRITE –– WL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-10 HR AREA WRITE –– WH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-11 PV WRITE –– WC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-12 TC STATUS WRITE –– WG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-13 DM AREA WRITE –– WD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-14 AR AREA WRITE –– WJ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-15 SV READ 1 –– R# . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-16 SV READ 2 –– R$ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-17 SV READ 3 –– R% . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-18 SV CHANGE 1 –– W# . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-19 SV CHANGE 2 –– W$ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-20 SV CHANGE 3 –– W% . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-21 STATUS READ –– MS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-22 STATUS WRITE –– SC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-23 ERROR READ –– MF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-24 FORCED SET –– KS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-25 FORCED RESET –– KR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-26 MULTIPLE FORCED SET/RESET –– FK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-27 FORCED SET/RESET CANCEL –– KC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-28 PC MODEL READ –– MM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-29 TEST–– TS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-30 PROGRAM READ –– RP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-31 PROGRAM WRITE –– WP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-32 I/O TABLE GENERATE –– MI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-33 COMPOUND COMMAND –– QQ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-34 ABORT –– XZ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-35 INITIALIZE –– :: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-36 Undefined Command –– IC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Host Link Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

402
404
404
406
407
407
407
408
408
409
409
410
410
411
411
412
412
413
413
414
415
416
417
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
425
426
426
427
427
427
429
430
430
431

xi

Table of contents

xii

Appendix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

433

A – Standard Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
B – Programming Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
C – Error and Arithmetic Flag Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
D – Memory Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
E – PC Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
F – Word Assignment Recording Sheets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
G – Program Coding Sheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
H – Data Conversion Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
I – Extended ASCII . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

433
443
449
453
461
465
471
473
475

Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

477

Revision History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

493

Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

497

PRECAUTIONS
This section provides general precautions for using the Programmable Controller (PC) and related devices.
The information contained in this section is important for the safe and reliable application of the PC. You must read
this section and understand the information contained before attempting to set up or operate a PC system.
1
2
3
4
5
6

Intended Audience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Safety Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Operating Environment Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Application Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Conformance to EC Directives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

xiv
xiv
xiv
xiv
xv
xvi

xiii

Operating Environment Precautions

1

4

Intended Audience
This manual is intended for the following personnel, who must also have knowledge of electrical systems (an electrical engineer or the equivalent).
• Personnel in charge of installing FA systems.
• Personnel in charge of designing FA systems.
• Personnel in charge of managing FA systems and facilities.

2

General Precautions
The user must operate the product according to the performance specifications
described in the operation manuals.
Before using the product under conditions which are not described in the manual
or applying the product to nuclear control systems, railroad systems, aviation
systems, vehicles, combustion systems, medical equipment, amusement
machines, safety equipment, and other systems, machines, and equipment that
may have a serious influence on lives and property if used improperly, consult
your OMRON representative.
Make sure that the ratings and performance characteristics of the product are
sufficient for the systems, machines, and equipment, and be sure to provide the
systems, machines, and equipment with double safety mechanisms.
This manual provides information for programming and operating OMRON PCs.
Be sure to read this manual before attempting to use the software and keep this
manual close at hand for reference during operation.
! WARNING It is extremely important that a PC and all PC Units be used for the specified
purpose and under the specified conditions, especially in applications that can
directly or indirectly affect human life. You must consult with your OMRON
representative before applying a PC System to the abovementioned
applications.

3

Safety Precautions
! WARNING Never attempt to disassemble any Units while power is being supplied. Doing so
may result in serious electrical shock or electrocution.
! WARNING Never touch any of the terminals while power is being supplied. Doing so may
result in serious electrical shock or electrocution.

4

Operating Environment Precautions
Do not operate the control system in the following places.
• Where the PC is exposed to direct sunlight.
• Where the ambient temperature is below 0°C or over 55°C.
• Where the PC may be affected by condensation due to radical temperature
changes.
• Where the ambient humidity is below 10% or over 90%.
• Where there is any corrosive or inflammable gas.
• Where there is excessive dust, saline air, or metal powder.
• Where the PC is affected by vibration or shock.
• Where any water, oil, or chemical may splash on the PC.

xiv

Application Precautions
! Caution

5

5
The operating environment of the PC System can have a large effect on the longevity and reliability of the system. Improper operating environments can lead to
malfunction, failure, and other unforeseeable problems with the PC System. Be
sure that the operating environment is within the specified conditions at installation and remains within the specified conditions during the life of the system.

Application Precautions
Observe the following precautions when using the PC.
! WARNING Failure to abide by the following precautions could lead to serious or possibly
fatal injury. Always heed these precautions.
• Always ground the system to 100 Ω or less when installing the system to protect against electrical shock.
• Always turn off the power supply to the PC before attempting any of the following. Performing any of the following with the power supply turned on may lead
to electrical shock:
• Mounting or dismounting Power Supply Units, I/O Units, CPU Units,
Memory Units, or any other Units.
• Assembling any devices or racks.
• Connecting or disconnecting any cables or wiring.
! Caution

Failure to abide by the following precautions could lead to faulty operation or the
PC or the system or could damage the PC or PC Units. Always heed these precautions.
• Use the Units only with the power supplies and voltages specified in the operation manuals. Other power supplies and voltages may damage the Units.
• Take measures to stabilize the power supply to conform to the rated supply if it
is not stable.
• Provide circuit breakers and other safety measures to provide protection
against shorts in external wiring.
• Do not apply voltages exceeding the rated input voltage to Input Units. The
Input Units may be destroyed.
• Do not apply voltages exceeding the maximum switching capacity to Output
Units. The Output Units may be destroyed.
• Always disconnect the LG terminal when performing withstand voltage tests.
• Install all Units according to instructions in the operation manuals. Improper
installation may cause faulty operation.
• Provide proper shielding when installing in the following locations:
• Locations subject to static electricity or other sources of noise.
• Locations subject to strong electromagnetic fields.
• Locations subject to possible exposure to radiation.
• Locations near to power supply lines.
• Be sure to tighten Backplane screws, terminal screws, and cable connector
screws securely.
• Do not attempt to take any Units apart, to repair any Units, or to modify any
Units in any way.

! Caution

The following precautions are necessary to ensure the general safety of the system. Always heed these precautions.
• Provide double safety mechanisms to handle incorrect signals that can be
generated by broken signal lines or momentary power interruptions.
• Provide external interlock circuits, limit circuits, and other safety circuits in
addition to any provided within the PC to ensure safety.

xv

Conformance to EC Directives

6

Section 6

Conformance to EC Directives
Observe the following precautions when installing the C200HS-CPU01-EC and
C200HS-CPU21-EC that conform to the EC Directives.
Provide reinforced insulation or double insulation for the DC power source connected to the DC I/O Unit and for the Power Supply Unit.
Use a separate power source for the DC I/O Unit from the external power supply
for the Relay Output Unit.

xvi

SECTION 1
Introduction
This section gives a brief overview of the history of Programmable Controllers and explains terms commonly used in ladderdiagram programming. It also provides an overview of the process of programming and operating a PC and explains basic
terminology used with OMRON PCs. Descriptions of peripheral devices used with the C200HS, a table of other manuals
available to use with this manual for special PC applications, and a description of the new features of the C200HS are also
provided.
1-1
1-2
1-3
1-4
1-5
1-6
1-7
1-8

Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
The Origins of PC Logic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PC Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
OMRON Product Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Overview of PC Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Peripheral Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Available Manuals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
New C200HS Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1-8-1
Improved Memory Capabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1-8-2
Faster Execution Times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1-8-3
Larger Instruction Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1-8-4
Wide Selection of Special I/O Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1-8-5
Improved Interrupt Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1-8-6
SYSMAC NET Link and SYSMAC LINK Capabilities . . . . . . . . . . .
1-8-7
Built-in RS-232C Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1-8-8
More Flexible PC Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1-8-9
Debugging and Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1-8-10
New Programming Console Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1-8-11
Peripheral Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1-8-12
Using C200H Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2
2
3
3
4
5
5
6
7
7
8
9
9
9
10
10
10
10
10
11

1

Section 1-2

The Origins of PC Logic

1-1

Overview
A PC (Programmable Controller) is basically a CPU (Central Processing Unit)
containing a program and connected to input and output (I/O) devices. The program controls the PC so that when an input signal from an input device turns ON,
the appropriate response is made. The response normally involves turning ON
an output signal to some sort of output device. The input devices could be photoelectric sensors, pushbuttons on control panels, limit switches, or any other device that can produce a signal that can be input into the PC. The output devices
could be solenoids, switches activating indicator lamps, relays turning on motors, or any other devices that can be activated by signals output from the PC.
For example, a sensor detecting a passing product turns ON an input to the PC.
The PC responds by turning ON an output that activates a pusher that pushes
the product onto another conveyor for further processing. Another sensor, positioned higher than the first, turns ON a different input to indicate that the product
is too tall. The PC responds by turning on another pusher positioned before the
pusher mentioned above to push the too-tall product into a rejection box.
Although this example involves only two inputs and two outputs, it is typical of the
type of control operation that PCs can achieve. Actually even this example is
much more complex than it may at first appear because of the timing that would
be required, i.e., “How does the PC know when to activate each pusher?” Much
more complicated operations, however, are also possible. The problem is how
to get the desired control signals from available inputs at appropriate times.
To achieve proper control, the C200HS uses a form of PC logic called ladder-diagram programming. This manual is written to explain ladder-diagram programming and to prepare the reader to program and operate the C200HS.

1-2

The Origins of PC Logic
PCs historically originate in relay-based control systems. And although the integrated circuits and internal logic of the PC have taken the place of the discrete
relays, timers, counters, and other such devices, actual PC operation proceeds
as if those discrete devices were still in place. PC control, however, also provides computer capabilities and accuracy to achieve a great deal more flexibility
and reliability than is possible with relays.
The symbols and other control concepts used to describe PC operation also
come from relay-based control and form the basis of the ladder-diagram programming method. Most of the terms used to describe these symbols and concepts, however, have come in from computer terminology.

Relay vs. PC Terminology

The terminology used throughout this manual is somewhat different from relay
terminology, but the concepts are the same.
The following table shows the relationship between relay terms and the PC
terms used for OMRON PCs.
Relay term

PC equivalent

contact

input or condition

coil

output or work bit

NO relay

normally open condition

NC relay

normally closed condition

Actually there is not a total equivalence between these terms. The term condition is only used to describe ladder diagram programs in general and is specifically equivalent to one of certain set of basic instructions. The terms input and
output are not used in programming per se, except in reference to I/O bits that
are assigned to input and output signals coming into and leaving the PC. Normally open conditions and normally closed conditions are explained in 4-4 Basic
Ladder Diagrams.

2

OMRON Product Terminology

1-3

Section 1-4

PC Terminology
Although also provided in the Glossary at the back of this manual, the following
terms are crucial to understanding PC operation and are thus explained here.

PC

Because the C200HS is a Rack PC, there is no one product that is a C200HS
PC. That is why we talk about the configuration of the PC, because a PC is a
configuration of smaller Units.
To have a functional PC, you would need to have a CPU Rack with at least one
Unit mounted to it that provides I/O points. When we refer to the PC, however, we
are generally talking about the CPU and all of the Units directly controlled by it
through the program. This does not include the I/O devices connected to PC inputs and outputs.
If you are not familiar with the terms used above to describe a PC, refer to Section 2 Hardware Considerations for explanations.

Inputs and Outputs

A device connected to the PC that sends a signal to the PC is called an input
device; the signal it sends is called an input signal. A signal enters the PC
through terminals or through pins on a connector on a Unit. The place where a
signal enters the PC is called an input point. This input point is allocated a location in memory that reflects its status, i.e., either ON or OFF. This memory location is called an input bit. The CPU, in its normal processing cycle, monitors the
status of all input points and turns ON or OFF corresponding input bits accordingly.
There are also output bits in memory that are allocated to output points on
Units through which output signals are sent to output devices, i.e., an output
bit is turned ON to send a signal to an output device through an output point. The
CPU periodically turns output points ON or OFF according to the status of the
output bits.
These terms are used when describing different aspects of PC operation. When
programming, one is concerned with what information is held in memory, and so
I/O bits are referred to. When talking about the Units that connect the PC to the
controlled system and the places on these Units where signals enter and leave
the PC, I/O points are referred to. When wiring these I/O points, the physical
counterparts of the I/O points, either terminals or connector pins, are referred to.
When talking about the signals that enter or leave the PC, one refers to input
signals and output signals, or sometimes just inputs and outputs. It all depends
on what aspect of PC operation is being talked about.

Controlled System and
Control System

The Control System includes the PC and all I/O devices it uses to control an external system. A sensor that provides information to achieve control is an input
device that is clearly part of the Control System. The controlled system is the
external system that is being controlled by the PC program through these I/O
devices. I/O devices can sometimes be considered part of the controlled system, e.g., a motor used to drive a conveyor belt.

1-4

OMRON Product Terminology
OMRON products are divided into several functional groups that have generic
names. Appendix A Standard Models list products according to these groups.
The term Unit is used to refer to all of the OMRON PC products. Although a Unit
is any one of the building blocks that goes together to form a C200HS PC, its
meaning is generally, but not always, limited in context to refer to the Units that
are mounted to a Rack. Most, but not all, of these products have names that end
with the word Unit.
The largest group of OMRON products is the I/O Units. These include all of the
Rack-mounting Units that provide non-dedicated input or output points for general use. I/O Units come with a variety of point connections and specifications.

3

Section 1-5

Overview of PC Operation

High-density I/O Units are designed to provide high-density I/O capability and
include Group 2 High-density I/O Units and Special I/O High-density I/O Units.
Special I/O Units are dedicated Units that are designed to meet specific needs.
These include some of the High-density I/O Units, Position Control Units, Highspeed Counter Units, and Analog I/O Units.
Link Units are used to create Link Systems that link more than one PC or link a
single PC to remote I/O points. Link Units include Remote I/O Units, PC Link
Units, Host Link Units, SYSMAC NET Link Units, and SYSMAC LINK Units.
SYSMAC NET Link and SYSMAC LINK Units can be used with the CPU11 only.
Other product groups include Programming Devices, Peripheral Devices,
and DIN Rail Products.

1-5

Overview of PC Operation
The following are the basic steps involved in programming and operating a
C200HS. Assuming you have already purchased one or more of these PCs, you
must have a reasonable idea of the required information for steps one and two,
which are discussed briefly below. This manual is written to explain steps three
through six, eight, and nine. The relevant sections of this manual that provide
more information are listed with each of these steps.

1, 2, 3...

Control System Design

4

1. Determine what the controlled system must do, in what order, and at what
times.
2. Determine what Racks and what Units will be required. Refer to the C200HS
Installation Guide. If a Link System is required, refer to the appropriate System Manual.
3. On paper, assign all input and output devices to I/O points on Units and determine which I/O bits will be allocated to each. If the PC includes Special I/O
Units or Link Systems, refer to the individual Operation Manuals or System
Manuals for details on I/O bit allocation. (Section 3 Memory Areas)
4. Using relay ladder symbols, write a program that represents the sequence
of required operations and their inter-relationships. Be sure to also program
appropriate responses for all possible emergency situations. (Section 4
Writing and Inputting the Program, Section 5 Instruction Set, Section 6 Program Execution Timing)
5. Input the program and all required operating parameters into the PC. (Section 4-7 Inputting, Modifying, and Checking the Program.)
6. Debug the program, first to eliminate any syntax errors, and then to find execution errors. (Section 4-7 Inputting, Modifying, and Checking the Program, Section 7 Program Monitoring and Execution, and Section 10
Troubleshooting)
7. Wire the PC to the controlled system. This step can actually be started as
soon as step 3 has been completed. Refer to the C200HS Installation Guide
and to Operation Manuals and System Manuals for details on individual
Units.
8. Test the program in an actual control situation and carry out fine tuning as
required. (Section 7 Program Monitoring and Execution and Section 10
Troubleshooting)
9. Record two copies of the finished program on masters and store them safely
in different locations. (Section 4-7 Inputting, Modifying, and Checking the
Program)
Designing the Control System is the first step in automating any process. A PC
can be programmed and operated only after the overall Control System is fully
understood. Designing the Control System requires, first of all, a thorough understanding of the system that is to be controlled. The first step in designing a
Control System is thus determining the requirements of the controlled system.

Section 1-7

Available Manuals
Input/Output Requirements

The first thing that must be assessed is the number of input and output points
that the controlled system will require. This is done by identifying each device
that is to send an input signal to the PC or which is to receive an output signal
from the PC. Keep in mind that the number of I/O points available depends on
the configuration of the PC. Refer to 3-3 IR Area for details on I/O capacity and
the allocation of I/O bits to I/O points.

Sequence, Timing, and
Relationships

Next, determine the sequence in which control operations are to occur and the
relative timing of the operations. Identify the physical relationships between the
I/O devices as well as the kinds of responses that should occur between them.
For instance, a photoelectric switch might be functionally tied to a motor by way
of a counter within the PC. When the PC receives an input from a start switch, it
could start the motor. The PC could then stop the motor when the counter has
received a specified number of input signals from the photoelectric switch.
Each of the related tasks must be similarly determined, from the beginning of the
control operation to the end.

Unit Requirements

The actual Units that will be mounted or connected to PC Racks must be determined according to the requirements of the I/O devices. Actual hardware specifications, such as voltage and current levels, as well as functional considerations,
such as those that require Special I/O Units or Link Systems will need to be considered. In many cases, Special I/O Units, Intelligent I/O Units, or Link Systems
can greatly reduce the programming burden. Details on these Units and Link
Systems are available in appropriate Operation Manuals and System Manuals.
Once the entire Control System has been designed, the task of programming,
debugging, and operation as described in the remaining sections of this manual
can begin.

1-6

Peripheral Devices
The following peripheral devices can be used in programming, either to input/
debug/monitor the PC program or to interface the PC to external devices to output the program or memory area data. Model numbers for all devices listed below are provided in Appendix A Standard Models. OMRON product names have
been placed in bold when introduced in the following descriptions.

Programming Console

A Programming Console is the simplest form of programming device for OMRON PCs. All Programming Consoles are connected directly to the CPU without
requiring a separate interface.

Ladder Support Software:
LSS

LSS is designed to run on IBM AT/XT compatibles and allows you to perform all
the operations of the Programming Console as well as many additional ones. PC
programs can be written on-screen in ladder-diagram form as well as in mnemonic form. As the program is written, it is displayed on a display, making confirmation and modification quick and easy. Syntax checks may also be performed
on the programs before they are downloaded to the PC.
The LSS is available on either 5” or 3.5” disks.
A computer running the LSS is connected to the C200HS via the Peripheral Port
on the CPU using the CQM1-CIF02 cable.

1-7

Available Manuals
The following table lists other manuals that may be required to program and/or
operate the C200HS. Operation Manuals and/or Operation Guides are also provided with individual Units and are required for wiring and other specifications.
Name

Cat. No.

Contents

GPC Operation Manual

W84

Programming procedures for the GPC
(Graphics Programming Console)

FIT Operation Manual

W150

Programming procedures for using the FIT
(Factory Intelligent Terminal

5

Section 1-8

New C200HS Features
Name

Cat. No.

Contents

SYSMAC Support Software Operation Manuals

W247/W248

Programming procedures for using the SSS

Data Access Console Operation Guide

W173

Data area monitoring and data modification
procedures for the Data Access Console

Printer Interface Unit Operation Guide

W107

Procedures for interfacing a PC to a printer

PROM Writer Operation Guide

W155

Procedures for writing programs to EPROM chips

Floppy Disk Interface Unit Operation Guide

W119

Procedures for interfacing PCs to floppy disk drives

Wired Remote I/O System Manual
(SYSMAC BUS)

W120

Information on building a Wired Remote I/O System
to enable remote I/O capability

Optical Remote I/O System Manual
(SYSMAC BUS)

W136

Information on building an Optical Remote I/O
System to enable remote I/O capability

PC Link System Manual

W135

Information on building a PC Link System to
automatically transfer data between PCs

Host Link System Manual
(SYSMAC WAY)

W143

Information on building a Host Link System to
manage PCs from a ‘host’ computer

SYSMAC NET Link Unit Operation Manual

W114

Information on building a SYSMAC NET Link
System and thus create an optical LAN integrating
PCs with computers and other peripheral devices

SYSMAC LINK System Manual

W174

High-speed Counter Unit Operation Manual

W141

Information on building a SYSMAC LINK System to
enable automatic data transfer, programming, and
programmed data transfer between the PCs in the
System
Information on High-speed Counter Unit

Position Control Unit Operation Manuals

NC111: W137
NC112: W128
NC211: W166

Information on Position Control Unit

Analog I/O Units Operation Guide

W127

Information on the C200H-AD001, C200H-DA001
Analog I/O Units

Analog Input Unit Operation Manual

W229

Information on the C200H-AD002 Analog Input Unit

Temperature Sensor Unit Operation Guide

W124

Information on Temperature Sensor Unit

ASCII Unit Operation Manual

W165

Information on ASCII Unit

ID Sensor Unit Operation Guide

W153

Information on ID Sensor Unit

Voice Unit Operation Manual

W172

Information on Voice Unit

Fuzzy Logic Unit Operation Manual

W208

Information on Fuzzy Logic Unit

Fuzzy Support Software Operation Manual

W210

Information on the Fuzzy Support Software which
supports the Fuzzy Logic Units

Temperature Control Unit Operation Manual

W225

Information on Temperature Control Unit

Heat/Cool Temperature Control Unit Operation
Manual

W240

Information on Heating and Cooling Temperature
Control Unit

PID Control Unit Operation Manual

W241

Information on PID Control Unit

Cam Positioner Unit Operation Manual

W224

Information on Cam Positioner Unit

1-8

New C200HS Features
The C200HS CPUs (C200HS-CPU01-E, C200HS-CPU03-E, C200HSCPU21-E, C200HS-CPU23-E, C200HS-CPU31-E, and C200HS-CPU33-E)
have a number of new features that the C200H CPUs lacked. The new C200HS
features are described briefly in this section. The C200HS-CPU01-E, C200HSCPU21-E, C200HS-CPU31-E use an AC power supply and the C200HSCPU03-E, C200HS-CPU23-E, and C200HS-CPU33-E use DC.
In addition, the C200HS-CPU21-E, C200HS-CPU23-E, C200HS-CPU31-E,
and C200HS-CPU33-E CPUs have an RS-232C connector. The C200HSCPU31-E and C200HS-CPU33-E CPUs support the SYSMAC NET Link Unit
and SYSMAC LINK Unit.

6

Section 1-8

New C200HS Features

1-8-1 Improved Memory Capabilities
Internal Memory (UM)

The C200HS CPUs come equipped with 16 KW of RAM in the PC itself, so a very
large memory capacity is available without purchasing a separate Memory Unit.
Furthermore, the Ladder Program Area has been increased to 15.2 KW.

Memory Cassettes

Two types of Memory Cassettes are available for storage of data such as the
program. The PC can be set to transfer data from the Memory Cassette to UM
automatically when the PC is turned on.
Model

Specifications

C200HS-ME16K

16-K Word EEPROM

C200HS-MP16K

16-K Word EPROM

Note C200H Memory Cassettes cannot be used in the C200HS.
Clock Function

The C200HS CPUs have a built-in clock. It is not necessary to purchase a
Memory Unit equipped with a clock, as it was with the C200H-CPU21-E.

Increased SR Area

In addition to the conventional areas of the C200H, the following areas have
been added for the internal auxiliary relays and special auxiliary relays of the
C200H. The SR area has been increased substantially to provide more work
words and words dedicated to new instructions. The SR area now ranges from
SR 236 to SR 299. (The SR area ends at SR 255 in C200H CPUs.) By using
additional areas, the user can use Special I/O Units and Remote I/O Units without worrying the empty areas.
Conventional areas
Additional areas

IR Area 1 (without I/O area):

IR 030 to 235

SR Area 1:

SR 236 to 255

IR Area 2:

IR 300 to 511

SR Area 2:

SR 256 to 299

The number of operands and instruction execution time will be increased when
SR 256 to SR 511 are used in basic instructions.
Increased DM Area

The Read/Write DM area has been increased substantially, too. It now ranges
from DM 0000 to DM 6143, compared to DM 0000 to DM 0999 in C200H CPUs.
The 6000 words from DM 0000 to DM 5999 are available for use in the program.
(DM 6000 to DM 6143 are used for the History Log and other functions.)

Fixed DM and Expansion
DM Areas

The Fixed DM Area, used to store initializing data for Special I/O Units, has been
decreased in size. It now contains the 512 words from DM 6144 to DM 6655,
compared to 1000 words (DM 1000 to DM 1999) in C200H CPUs.
On the other hand, up to 3000 words of UM can be allocated as expansion DM.
Expansion DM is allocated in 1000-word units in DM 7000 to DM 9999.
C200H data stored in words DM 1000 to DM 1999 can be used in C200HS PCs
by converting these 1000 words to ROM in the C200HS’s DM area (DM 7000 to
DM 7999) and then automatically transferring them to DM 1000 to DM 1999
when the C200HS is turned on.

1-8-2 Faster Execution Times
Instruction Execution Time

Basic instructions in the C200HS are executed in !@2 of the time required in the
C200H. Other instructions are executed in just !@4 of the time.

END Processing Time

The time required for the cycle’s overhead processes depend on the system
configuration, but these processes are executed in about !@4 of the time required
in the C200H.

7

Section 1-8

New C200HS Features
I/O Refreshing Time

The I/O refreshing time has been reduced for all units, as shown in the following
table.
I/O Unit

Time Required for Refreshing

Standard I/O Units

!@3 of the C200H I/O refreshing time

Group-2 High-density I/O Units

!@3 of the C200H I/O refreshing time

Special I/O Units

$@5 of the C200H I/O refreshing time

1-8-3 Larger Instruction Set
Advanced programming is facilitated by the 225 application instructions available with the C200HS-CPU01-E, C200HS-CPU03-E, C200HS-CPU21-E, and
C200HS-CPU23-E, or the 229 application instructions available with the
C200HS-CPU31-E and C200HS-CPU33-E. In addition, programming has been
simplified by the addition of convenient instructions and macro functions. The
new instructions and functions are covered in detail in Section 5 Instruction Set.
Improved Instructions

Additional functions have been added to the 7 instructions in the following table.
Instruction

Additional Function(s)

DIST(80)

Stack operation. The stack can contain up to 999 words.

COLL(81)

FIFO/LIFO stack operation. The stack can contain up to 999 words.

MLPX(76)

4-to-256 decoder capability.

DMPX(77)

256-to-8 encoder capability.

ADB(50)

Signed binary data can be added.

SBB(51)

Signed binary data can be subtracted.

INT(89)

Can be used to set scheduled interrupts in 1 ms units and control
input interrupts.

Expansion Instructions

A group of 47 instructions have been designated as expansion instructions. An
expansion instruction does not have a fixed function code; one of the 18 expansion instruction function codes must be assigned to it before it can be used in a
program. An instructions tables, which allocates functions codes to expansion
instructions, must be transferred to the C200HS before the expansion instructions can be used.

New Instructions

A total of 36 new instructions have been added to the C200HS. These instructions are listed below. (Instructions with (--) for function codes are expansion
instructions, which do not have fixed function codes. Some expansion instruction do have default function codes. The SET and RESET instructions are basic
instructions, MACRO and TRACE MEMORY SAMPLE instructions are applied
instructions, and the other instructions are expansion applied instructions. A default function number is assigned to the TOTALIZING TIMER, TRANSFER
BITS, AREA RANGE COMPARE, MACRO, AND TRACE MEMORY SAMPLE
instructions.

8

Section 1-8

New C200HS Features
TRSM(45)
MCRO(99)
MAX(--)
MIN(--)
SUM(--)
SRCH(--)
FPD(--)
PID(--)
HEX(--)
XDMR(--)
DSW(--)
TKY(--)
MTR(--)
HKY(--)
ADBL(--)
SBBL(--)
MBSL(--)
DBSL(--)

TRACE MEMORY SAMPLE
MACRO
FIND MAXIMUM
FIND MINIMUM
SUM
DATA SEARCH
FAILURE POINT DETECTION
PID CONTROL
ASCII TO HEX
EXPANSION DM READ
DIGITAL SWITCH INPUT
TEN-KEY INPUT
MATRIX INPUT
16-KEY INPUT
DOUBLE BINARY ADD
DOUBLE BINARY SUBTRACT
DOUBLE SIGNED BINARY MULTIPLY
DOUBLE SIGNED BINARY DIVIDE

MBS(--)
DBS(--)
FCS(--)
7SEG(--)
RXD(--)
TXD(--)
CPS(--)
CPSL(--)
NEG(--)
NEGL(--)
ZCPL(--)
AVG(--)
SCL(--)
SET
RSET
TTIM(87)
XFRB(62)
ZCP(88)

SIGNED BINARY MULTIPLY
SIGNED BINARY DIVIDE
FRAME CHECKSUM
7-SEGMENT DISPLAY OUTPUT
RECEIVE
TRANSMIT
SIGNED BINARY COMPARE
SIGNED DOUBLE BINARY COMPARE
2’S COMPLEMENT
DOUBLE 2’S COMPLEMENT
DOUBLE AREA RANGE COMPARE
AVERAGE VALUE
SCALE
SET
RESET
TOTALIZING TIMER
TRANSFER BITS
AREA RANGE COMPARE

1-8-4 Wide Selection of Special I/O Units
C200HS Systems can be configured in a variety of ways, using High-density I/O
Units, High-speed Counters, Position Control Units, Analog I/O Units, Temperature Sensor Units, ASCII Units, Voice Units, ID Sensor Units, Fuzzy Logic Units,
Cam Positioner Units, and so on.

1-8-5 Improved Interrupt Functions
Scheduled Interrupts

The C200HS’s scheduled interrupt function has been improved so that the interrupt interval can be set in 1 ms units rather than the 10 ms units in the C200H.
When the interrupt mode is set to C200HS mode, the interrupt response time is
only 1 ms max. (excluding the input ON/OFF delays). When a Communications
Unit is used with the C200HS-CPU31-E/CPU33-E CPU, the interrupt response
time is 10 ms max.

Input Interrupts

Up to 8 interrupt subroutines can be executed by inputs to a C200HS-INT01 Interrupt Input Unit mounted to the C200HS. When the interrupt mode is set to
C200HS mode, the interrupt response time is only 1 ms max. (excluding the input ON/OFF delays). When a Communications Unit is used with the C200HSCPU31-E/CPU33-E CPU, the interrupt response time is 10 ms max.

1-8-6 SYSMAC NET Link and SYSMAC LINK Capabilities
The SYSMAC NET Link and SYSMAC LINK Systems are high-speed FA networks which can be used with the C200HS-CPU31-E and C200HS-CPU33-E
CPUs and the following Units:
SYSMAC NET Link Unit:

C200HS-SNT32

SYSMAC LINK Units:

C200HS-SLK12 (optical fiber cable)
C200HS-SLK22 (coaxial cable)

Data can be exchanged with the PCs in a SYSMAC NET Link or SYSMAC LINK
System using the SEND and RECV instructions.

9

Section 1-8

New C200HS Features

1-8-7 Built-in RS-232C Connector
Host link communications are possible using the RS-232C connector built into
the C200HS-CPU21-E/CPU23-E/CPU31-E/CPU33-E CPU. By using the TXD
and RXD instructions, RS-232C communications is possible without using timeconsuming procedures. A 1-to-1 link using the LR Area or an NT link with the
Programmable Terminal (PT) allows high-speed communications.

1-8-8 More Flexible PC Settings
With its default settings, the C200HS can be used like a C200H PC, but the
C200HS’s new settings provide more flexibility and allow it to be adjusted to fit
particular applications. These new settings are described below.
DIP Switch Settings

The 6 pins on the C200HS’s DIP switch are used to write-protect part of UM, set
the CPU to automatically transfer Memory Card data to UM, and other functions.

UM Area Allocation

Portions of the UM area can be allocated for use as the Expansion DM Area and
I/O Comment Area. (Most of the UM area is used to store the ladder program.)

PC Setup

DM 6600 to DM 6655 is set aside for PC Setup data. The PC Setup determines
many operating parameters, including the startup mode and initial Special I/O
Unit area.

1-8-9 Debugging and Maintenance
Data Trace

A data trace function has been added, allowing bit status or word content to be
traced in real time.

Differential Monitor

The C200HS supports differential monitoring from either the Programming Console or LSS. The operator can detect OFF-to-ON or ON-to-OFF transition in a
specified bit.

Error Log Area

The C200HS supports all of the C200H-CPU31-E error history area functions
and also records the time and date of power interruptions. The C200HS’s error
log area is DM 6000 to DM 6030 (not DM 0969 to DM 0999 as in the C200HCPU31-E).

1-8-10 New Programming Console Operations
The following Programming Console operations are supported by the C200HS
in addition to those supported by the C200H.
• Constants can be input in decimal form.
• Monitor displays can be switched between hexadecimal and normal or long
decimal form.
• OFF to ON and ON to OFF transitions in bit status can be monitored (differential monitoring).
• Function codes can be allocated to expansion instructions and current function code allocations can be read.
• UM area allocations can be set.
• The clock in the C200HS can be read and set.
• In addition to the TERMINAL mode supported in the C200H, the C200HS has
an EXTENDED TERMINAL mode in which all of the Programming Console’s
keys can be used to the status of Key Bits.
• The memory clear operation has been separated into an operation to clear the
user program excluding I/O comments and UM area allocation information,
and one to clear the user program, I/O comments , and UM area allocation information.

1-8-11 Peripheral Devices
Peripheral Device
Connection

10

With the C200H a Peripheral Device had to be connected through a Peripheral
Interface Unit or Host Link Unit, but with the C200HS Peripheral Devices can be
connected to the PC through a CQM1-CIF02 Connecting Cable.

Section 1-8

New C200HS Features
I/O Comments Stored in PC

By allocating a part of UM as the I/O Comment area, it is no longer necessary to
read I/O Comments from a Peripheral Device’s floppy disk. If the Peripheral Device is connected to the C200HS online, the ladder diagram can be viewed with
I/O comments.

Online Editing

A “CYCLE TIME OVER” error will no longer be generated when the program in
the PC itself is being edited online.

1-8-12 Using C200H Programs
Programs developed for the C200H can be very easily transferred for use in the
C200HS. This section provides the steps necessary to achieve this. Two procedures are provided: one for transferring using only internal CPU memory and
one for transferring via Memory Cassettes.
Detailed procedures for the individual steps involved in transferring programs
can be found in the Version-3 LSS Operation Manuals. You will also require a
CQM1-CIF02 Connecting Cable to connect the computer running LSS to the
C200HS.
Precautions

Observe the following precautions when transferring C200H programs to the
C200HS.
• If a C200H program including the SET SYSTEM instruction (SYS(49)) is transferred to the C200HS, the operating parameters set by this instruction will be
transferred to the C200HS’s PC Setup area (DM 6600, DM 6601, and
DM 6655) and overwrite any current settings. Be sure to confirm that the settings in these words are correct before using the C200HS after program transfer.
• If the C200H program accesses the C200H’s error log in DM 0969 to DM 0999,
the addresses of the words being accessed must be changed to DM 6000 to
DM 6030, which is the error log area for the C200HS.
• Any programs that rely on the execution cycle time (i.e., on the time require to
execute any one part of all of the program) must be adjusted when used on the
C200HS, which provides a much faster cycle time.

Using Internal Memory

The following procedure outlines the steps to transfer C200H programs to the
user memory inside the C200HS.

1, 2, 3...

1. Transfer the program and any other required data to the LSS work area. This
data can be transferred from a C200H CPU, from floppy disk, or from a
C200HS Memory Unit.
To transfer from a C200H CPU, set the PC for the LSS to the C200H, connect the LSS to the C200H, go online, and transfer the program and any other require data to the LSS work area. You will probably want to transfer DM
data and the I/O table, if you have created an I/O table for the C200H.
or To transfer from floppy disk, set the PC for the LSS to the C200H in the offline
mode and load the program and any other require data to the LSS work
area. You will probably want to load DM data and the I/O table, if you have
created an I/O table for the C200H.
or To transfer from a C200H-MP831, set the PC for the LSS to the C200H in the
offline mode and read data from the Memory Unit into the LSS work area.
2. Go offline if the LSS is not already offline.
3. Change the PC setting for the LSS to the C200HS.
4. If you want to transfer I/O comments together with the program to the
C200HS, allocate UM area for I/O comments.
5. Connect the LSS to the C200HS and go online.
6. Make sure that pin 1 on the C200HS’s CPU is OFF to enable writing to the
UM area.

11

New C200HS Features

Section 1-8
7. Transfer the program and and any other require data to the C200HS. You
will probably want to transfer DM data and the I/O table, if you have created
an I/O table for the C200H.
8. Turn the C200HS off and then back on to reset it.
9. Test program execution before attempting actual operation.

Using Memory Cassettes

1, 2, 3...

12

The following procedure outlines the steps to transfer C200H programs to the
C200HS via EEPROM or EPROM Memory Cassettes. This will allow you to read
the program data from the Memory Cassette automatically at C200HS startup.
The first four steps of this procedure is the same as those used for transferring
directly to the C200HS’s internal memory (UM area).
1. Transfer the program and any other required data to the LSS work area. This
data can be transferred from a C200H CPU, from floppy disk, or from a
C200HS Memory Unit.
To transfer from a C200H CPU, set the PC for the LSS to the C200H, connect the LSS to the C200H, go online, and transfer the program and any other require data to the LSS work area. You will probably want to transfer DM
data and the I/O table, if you have created an I/O table for the C200H.
or To transfer from floppy disk, set the PC for the LSS to the C200H in the offline
mode and load the program and any other require data to the LSS work
area. You will probably want to load DM data and the I/O table, if you have
created an I/O table for the C200H.
or To transfer from a C200H-MP831, set the PC for the LSS to the C200H in the
offline mode and read data from the Memory Unit into the LSS work area.
2. Go offline if the LSS is not already offline.
3. Change the PC setting for the LSS to the C200HS.
4. If you want to transfer I/O comments together with the program to the
C200HS, allocate UM area for I/O comments.
5. Allocate expansion DM words DM 7000 to DM 7999 in the UM area using the
UM allocation operation from the LSS.
6. Copy DM 1000 through DM 1999 to DM 7000 through DM 7999.
7. Write “0100” to DM 6602 to automatically transfer the contents of DM 7000
through DM 7999 to DM 1000 through DM 1999 at startup.
8. To transfer to an EEPROM Memory Cassette, use the following procedure.
a) Connect the LSS to the C200HS and go online.
b) Make sure that pin 1 on the C200HS’s CPU is OFF to enable writing to
the UM area.
c) Transfer the program and any other require data to the C200HS. You will
probably want to transfer DM data and the I/O table, if you have created
an I/O table for the C200H. Make sure you specify transfer of the Expansion DM Area and, if desired, the I/O Comment Area.
d) Turn ON SR 27000 from the LSS to transfer UM data to the Memory Cassette and continue from step 9.
or To transfer to an EPROM Memory Cassette, use the following procedure.
a) Connect an PROM Writer to the LSS and write the data to the EPROM
chip using the LSS EPROM writing operation.
e) Set the ROM type selector on the Memory Cassette to the correct capacity.
f) Mount the ROM chip to the Memory Cassette.
g) Mount a EPROM Memory Cassette to the C200HS.
9. Turn ON pin 2 on the C200HS’s DIP switch to enable automatic transfer of
Memory Cassette data to the CPU at startup.

New C200HS Features

Section 1-8
10. Turn the C200HS off and then back on to reset it and transfer data from the
Memory Cassette to the CPU.
11. Test program execution before attempting actual operation.

13

SECTION 2
Hardware Considerations
This section provides information on hardware aspects of the C200HS that are relevant to programming and software operation. These include CPU Components, basic PC configuration, CPU capabilities, and Memory Cassettes. This information is
covered in detail in the C200HS Installation Guide.
2-1

2-2
2-3
2-4
2-5
2-6

CPU Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2-1-1
CPU Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2-1-2
Peripheral Device Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PC Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
CPU Capabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Memory Cassettes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Installing Memory Cassettes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
CPU DIP Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16
17
18
18
19
20
21
23

15

Section 2-1

CPU Components

2-1

CPU Components
There are two groups of CPUs available, one that uses an AC power supply, and
one that uses a DC power supply. Select one of the models shown below according to requirements of your control system.
CPU model

Power supply voltage

C200HS-CPU01-E/CPU21-E/CPU31-E
C200HS-CPU03-E/CPU23-E/CPU33-E

100 to 120 VAC or 200 to 240 VAC
(voltage selector)
24 VDC

The CPU21-E, CPU23-E, CPU31-E, and CPU33-E CPUs have an RS-232C
connector. The CPU31-E and CPU33-E CPUs support the SYSMAC NET Link
Unit and SYSMAC LINK Unit.
! Caution

Be sure to check the power supply used by the CPU. Absolutely do not provide an AC power supply to a DC-type CPU.
The following diagram shows the main CPU components.
Indicators

Power fuse (MF51NR, 5.2 dia. x 20 mm)
C200HS-CPU01-E: 2 A, 250 V
C200HS-CPU03-E: 5 A, 125 V

Removable terminal block

Battery/switch compartment
The backup lithium battery (C200H-BAT09)
and the DIP switch for setting C200HS operations are contained. An optional Memory Cassette can also be mounted.

16

Cable connector for Peripheral Devices
(Peripheral port)

Section 2-1

CPU Components
C200HS-CPU21-E/CPU23-E/CPU31-E/CPU33-E
Indicators

Power fuse (MF51NR, 5.2 dia. x 20 mm):
C200HS-CPU21-E/CPU31-E: 2 A, 250 V
C200HS-CPU23-E/CPU33-E: 5 A, 125 V

Memory Casette compartment

Bus connector:
Available only with the CPU31-E
and CPU33-E. Use this connector
when SYSMAC NET Link Unit or
SYSMAC LINK Unit is used.

Removable terminal block

RS-232C
Cable connector for
connector
peripheral devices
Battery/Switch compartment

2-1-1 CPU Indicators
CPU indicators provide visual information on the general operation of the PC.
Although not substitutes for proper error programming using the flags and other
error indicators provided in the data areas of memory, these indicators provide
ready confirmation of proper operation.
CPU Indicators

CPU indicators are shown and described below. (CPU01-E/03-E shown below.)

RUN indicator (green)
Lights when the PC is
operating normally.

COMM/COMM1 (orange):
Lights when a peripheral device is in operation.
COMM2 (orange):
Available only with the CPU21-E, CPU23-E, CPU31-E,
and CPU33-E. Lights when the CPU is communicating
via the RS-232C connector. POWER (green)
Lights when power is
supplied to the CPU.

COMM

ALM (blinking red)
Blinks if an error occurs that
does not stop the CPU.

OUT INHIBIT (red)
Lights when the Load OFF
flag (SR bit 25215) turns ON,
at which time all the outputs
are turned OFF.

ERR (solid red)
Lights if an error occurs that stops the
CPU, at which time the RUN indicator
turns OFF and the outputs are turned
OFF.

17

Section 2-2

PC Configuration

2-1-2 Peripheral Device Connection
A Programming Console or IBM PC/AT running LSS can be used to program
and monitor the C200HS PCs.
Programming Console

A C200H-PR027-E or CQM1-PRO01-E Programming Console can be connected as shown in the following diagram. The C200H-PR027-E is connected
via the C200H-CN222 or C200H-CN422 Programming Console Connecting
Cable, which must be purchased separately. A Connecting Cable is provided
with the CQM1-PRO01-E.

Connecting Cable

Programming Console

IBM PC/AT with LSS

An IBM PC/AT or compatible computer can be connected as shown in the following diagram. The LSS is available on either 3.5” disks (C500-SF312-EV3) or
5.25” disks (C500-SF711-EV3). Only version 3 or later of the LSS supports
C200HS functionality.

Connecting Cable
(CQM1-CIF02)
IBM PC/AT

2-2

PC Configuration
The basic PC configuration consists of two types of Rack: a CPU Rack and Expansion I/O Racks. The Expansion I/O Racks are not a required part of the basic
system. They are used to increase the number of I/O points. An illustration of
these Racks is provided in 3-3 IR Area. A third type of Rack, called a Slave Rack,
can be used when the PC is provided with a Remote I/O System.

CPU Racks

A C200HS CPU Rack consists of three components: (1) The CPU Backplane, to
which the CPU and other Units are mounted. (2) The CPU, which executes the
program and controls the PC. (3) Other Units, such as I/O Units, Special I/O
Units, and Link Units, which provide the physical I/O terminals corresponding to
I/O points.
A C200HS CPU Rack can be used alone or it can be connected to other Racks to
provide additional I/O points. The CPU Rack provides three, five, eight, or ten
slots to which these other Units can be mounted depending on the backplane
used.

18

Section 2-3

CPU Capabilities
Expansion I/O Racks

An Expansion I/O Rack can be thought of as an extension of the PC because it
provides additional slots to which other Units can be mounted. It is built onto an
Expansion I/O Backplane to which a Power Supply and up to ten other Units are
mounted.
An Expansion I/O Rack is always connected to the CPU via the connectors on
the Backplanes, allowing communication between the two Racks. Up to two Expansion I/O Racks can be connected in series to the CPU Rack.

Unit Mounting Position

Only I/O Units and Special I/O Units can be mounted to Slave Racks. All I/O
Units, Special I/O Units, Group-2 High-density I/O Units, Remote I/O Master
Units, PC and Host Link Units, can be mounted to any slot on all other Racks.
Interrupt Input Units must be mounted to C200H-BCjj1-V2 Backplanes.
Refer to the C200HS Installation Guide for details about which slots can be used
for which Units and other details about PC configuration. The way in which I/O
points on Units are allocated in memory is described in 3-3 IR Area.

2-3

CPU Capabilities
The following tables compare the capabilities of C200H and C200HS CPUs.

C200H
Function

C200H

Built-in clock/calendar

CPU21-E
No (see note)

CPU23-E
No (see note)

Yes

CPU31-E

Error log

No

No

Yes

Data Trace

No

No

No

Differential Monitor

No

No

No

Expansion DM

No

No

No

General-use DM

1000 words

Ladder Program capacity

6974 words (in Memory Unit)

SR Area

SR 236 to SR 255

New instructions:
(See 1-8-3 Larger Instruction Set for a list of the
36 new instructions.)

No

No

No

Network Instructions:
NETWORK SEND - SEND(90)
NETWORK RECEIVE - RECV(98)

No

No

Yes

Power Supply

AC

DC

AC

970 words

Note The C200H-CPU21-E/CPU23-E can
ME432/ME832 Memory Units’ clock.

use

the

C200H-MR433/MR833/

19

Section 2-4

Memory Cassettes
C200HS
Function

C200HS

Built-in clock/calendar

CPU01-E CPU21-E CPU31-E CPU03-E CPU23-E CPU33-E
Yes

Error log

Yes1

Data Trace

Yes

Differential Monitor

Yes

Expansion DM

3K words max.2

General-use DM

6K words

Ladder Program capacity

15.2K words max2

SR Area

SR 236 to SR 255 and SR 256 to SR 299

New instructions:
(See 1-8-3 Larger Instruction Set for a list of the
36 new instructions.)

Yes

Network Instructions:
NETWORK SEND - SEND(90)
NETWORK RECEIVE - RECV(98)

No

Power Supply

AC

Note

No

Yes

No

No

Yes

DC

1. The C200HS CPUs record the time and date of power interruptions.
2. Part of the 16K-word UM can be allocated to Expansion DM and I/O comments.

2-4

Memory Cassettes
The C200HS comes equipped with a built-in RAM for the user’s program, so a
normal program be created even without installing a Memory Cassette. An optional Memory Cassette, however, can be used. There are two types of Memory
Cassette available, each with a capacity of 16K words. For instructions on installing Memory Cassettes, refer to 2-5 Installing Memory Cassettes.
The following table shows the Memory Cassettes which can be used with the
C200HS PCs. These Memory Cassettes cannot be used in C200H PCs.
Memory

Capacity

Model number

Comments

EEPROM

16K words

C200HS-ME16K

---

EPROM

16K words

C200HS-MP16K

The EPROM chip is not included
with the Memory Cassette; it must
be purchased separately.

Note Memory Cassettes for the C200HS cannot be used with the C200H, and
Memory Units for the C200H cannot be used with the C200HS.
C200HS-MEj16K
(EEPROM)

20

When a Memory Cassette is installed in the CPU, reading and writing of the
user memory (UM) and I/O data is made possible. There is no need for a
backup power supply. The Memory Cassette can be removed from the CPU
and used for storing data.

Section 2-5

Installing Memory Cassettes
C200HS-MPj16K (EPROM)

The program is written using a PROM Writer. The ROM is mounted to the
Memory Casette and then installed in the CPU. I/O data cannot be stored.

Notch

2-5

Installing Memory Cassettes
An optional Memory Cassette can be installed in the C200HS. (The C200H
Memory Unit cannot be used with the C200HS.) The two types of Memory Cassettes are described in 2-4 Memory Cassettes. To install a Memory Cassette,
follow the procedure outlined below.

! Caution

Be careful to always turn the power off before inserting or removing a Memory Cassette. If a
Memory Cassette is inserted into or removed from the CPU with the power on, it may cause the
CPU to malfunction or cause damage to the memory.

1, 2, 3...

1. Set the DIP switch. For an EEPROM Memory Cassette, set pin no. 1 (write
protect) to either ON or OFF. Setting it to ON will protect the program in the
memory from being overwritten. Setting it to OFF will allow the program to
be overwritten. (The factory setting is OFF.)
For an EPROM Memory Cassette, set pin no. 1 (ROM Type Selector) according to the type of ROM that is to be mounted.
Pin no. 1

ROM type

OFF

27256

ON

27512

Model

Capacity

Access speed

ROM-JD-B

16K words

150 ns

ROM-KD-B

32K words*

150 ns

Note *Only 16K words accessible.
2. Write to EPROM (if using an EPROM Memory Cassette). Using a PROM
Writer, write the program to EPROM. Then mount the EPROM chip to the
Memory Cassette, with the notched end facing upwards as shown in the illustration below.

Notch

21

Installing Memory Cassettes

Section 2-5
3. Remove the bracket from the Memory Cassette, as shown in the illustration
below.

Metal bracket

4. Check that the connector side goes in first and that the Cassette’s circuit
components face right and then insert the Cassette into the CPU. The Cassette slides in along a track in the CPU.

5. Replace the Memory Cassette bracket over the Cassette and tighten the
screw that holds the bracket.

22

Section 2-6

CPU DIP Switch

2-6

CPU DIP Switch
The DIP switch on C200HS CPUs is located between the Memory Cassette
compartment and battery.
The 6 pins on the DIP switch control 6 of the CPU’s operating parameters.

Pin no.
1

Item
Memory protect

Setting

Function

ON

Program Memory and read-only DM (DM 6144 to DM 6655)
data cannot be overwritten from a Peripheral Device.

OFF

Program Memory and read-only DM (DM 6144 to DM 6655)
data can be overwritten from a Peripheral Device.

ON

The contents of the Memory Cassette will be automatically
transferred to the internal RAM at start-up.

2

Automatic transfer of Memory
Cassette contents

3

Message
g language
g g

OFF
ON
OFF

The contents will not be automatically transferred.
Programming Console messages will be displayed in English.
Programming Console messages will be displayed in the
language stored in system ROM. (Messages will be displayed
in Japanese with the Japanese version of system ROM.)

4

Expansion instruction setting

ON

Expansion instructions set by user. Normally ON when using a
host computer for programming/monitoring.

5

Communications parameters

OFF
ON

Expansion instructions set to defaults.
Standard communications parameters (see note) will be set for
the following serial communications ports.
• Built-in RS-232C port
• Peripheral port (only when a CQM1-CIF01/-CIF02 Cable is
connected. Does not apply to Programming Console.)
Note
1. Standard communications parameters are as follows:
Serial communications mode: Host Link or peripheral bus; start bits: 1; data length: 7 bits; parity: even;
stop bits: 2; baud rate: 9,600 bps
2. The CX-Programmer running on a personal computer can be connected to the peripheral port via the peripheral bus using the above standard communications parameters.

OFF

6

Expansion TERMINAL mode
i when
h AR 0709 iis ON
setting

ON
OFF

The communications parameters for the following serial
communications ports will be set in PC Setup as follows:
• Built-in RS-232C port: DM 6645 and DM 6646
• Peripheral port: DM 6650 and DM 6651
Note When the CX-Programmer is connected to the peripheral
port with the peripheral bus, either set bits 00 to 03 of DM
6650 to 0 Hex (for standard parameters), or set bits 12 to
15 of DM 6650 to 0 Hex and bits 00 to 03 of DM 6650 to 1
Hex (for Host Link or peripheral bus) separately.
Expansion TERMINAL mode; AR 0712 ON.
Normal mode; AR 0712: OFF

Note The above settings apply to CPUs manufactured from July 1995 (lot number **75 for July 1995). For CPUs
manufactured before July 1995 (lot number **65 for June 1995), only 1 stop bit will be set and the baud rate
will be 2,400 bps.

23

SECTION 3
Memory Areas
Various types of data are required to achieve effective and correct control. To facilitate managing this data, the PC is provided
with various memory areas for data, each of which performs a different function. The areas generally accessible by the user
for use in programming are classified as data areas. The other memory area is the UM Area, where the user’s program is
actually stored. This section describes these areas individually and provides information that will be necessary to use them. As
a matter of convention, the TR area is described in this section, even though it is not strictly a memory area.
3-1
3-2
3-3
3-4

3-5

3-6

3-7
3-8
3-9
3-10
3-11

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Data Area Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
IR (Internal Relay) Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SR (Special Relay) Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-4-1
SYSMAC NET/SYSMAC LINK System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-4-2
Remote I/O Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-4-3
Link System Flags and Control Bits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-4-4
Forced Status Hold Bit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-4-5
I/O Status Hold Bit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-4-6
Output OFF Bit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-4-7
FAL (Failure Alarm) Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-4-8
Low Battery Flag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-4-9
Cycle Time Error Flag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-4-10
I/O Verification Error Flag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-4-11
First Cycle Flag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-4-12
Clock Pulse Bits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-4-13
Step Flag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-4-14
Group-2 Error Flag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-4-15
Special Unit Error Flag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-4-16
Instruction Execution Error Flag, ER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-4-17
Arithmetic Flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-4-18
Interrupt Subroutine Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-4-19
RS-232C Port Communications Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-4-20
Peripheral Port Communications Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-4-21
Memory Cassette Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-4-22
Data Transfer Error Bits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-4-23
Ladder Diagram Memory Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-4-24
Memory Error Flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-4-25
Data Save Flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-4-26
Transfer Error Flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-4-27
PC Setup Error Flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
AR (Auxiliary Relay) Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-5-1
Restarting Special I/O Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-5-2
Slave Rack Error Flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-5-3
Group-2 Error Flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-5-4
Optical I/O Unit and I/O Terminal Error Flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-5-5
SYSMAC LINK System Data Link Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-5-6
Error History Bits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-5-7
Active Node Flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-5-8
SYSMAC LINK/SYSMAC NET Link System Service Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-5-9
Calendar/Clock Area and Bits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-5-10
TERMINAL Mode Key Bits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-5-11
Power OFF Counter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-5-12
Cycle Time Flag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-5-13
Link Unit Mounted Flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-5-14
CPU-mounting Device Mounted Flag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-5-15
FPD Trigger Bit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-5-16
Data Tracing Flags and Control Bits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-5-17
Cycle Time Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DM (Data Memory) Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-6-1
Expansion DM Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-6-2
Special I/O Unit Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-6-3
Error History Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-6-4
PC Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
HR (Holding Relay) Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
TC (Timer/Counter) Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
LR (Link Relay) Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
UM Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
TR (Temporary Relay) Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

26
27
31
33
37
39
39
41
42
42
42
42
43
43
43
43
44
44
44
44
44
45
45
46
46
47
47
47
47
48
48
48
50
50
50
50
51
51
52
52
52
53
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
55
56
56
57
58
60
60
61
61
61

25

Section 3-1

Introduction

3-1

Introduction
Details, including the name, size, and range of each area are summarized in the
following table. Data and memory areas are normally referred to by their acronyms, e.g., the IR Area, the SR Area, etc.
Area

Size

Range

Comments

I/O Area

480 bits

IR 000 to IR 029

I/O words are allocated to the CPU Rack and
Expansion I/O Racks by slot position.1

Group-2 High-density
I/O Unit and B7A
Interface Unit Area

320 bits

IR 030 to IR 049

Allocated to Group-2 High-density I/O Units and
to Group-2 B7A Interface Units 0 to 91

SYSMAC BUS Area

800 bits

IR 050 to IR 099

Allocated to Remote I/O Slave Racks 0 to 4.1

Special I/O Unit Area

1,600 bits

IR 100 to IR 199

Allocated to Special I/O Units 0 to 9.1

Optical I/O Unit and I/O 512 bits
Terminal Area

IR 200 to IR 231

Allocated to Optical I/O Units and I/O
Terminals.1

Work Area 1

64 bits

IR 232 to IR 235

For use as work bits in the program.

Special Relay Area 1

312 bits

SR 23600 to SR
25507

Contains system clocks, flags, control bits, and
status information.

Special Relay Area 2

704 bits

SR 256 to SR 299
(298 to 299 reserved
by system)

Contains flags, control bits, and status information.

64 bits
64 bits

SR 290 to SR 293
SR 294 to SR 297

Inputs
Outputs

Work Area 2

3,392 bits

IR 300 to IR 511

For use as work bits in the program.

Temporary Relay Area

8 bits

TR 00 to TR 07

Used to temporarily store and retrieve execution
conditions when programming certain types of
branching ladder diagrams.

Holding Relay Area

1,600 bits

HR 00 to HR 99

Used to store data and to retain the data values
when the power to the PC is turned off.

Auxiliary Relay Area

448 buts

AR 00 to AR 27

Contains flags and bits for special functions. Retains status during power failure.

Link Relay Area

1,024 bits

LR 00 to LR 63

Used for data links in the PC Link System.1

Timer/Counter Area

512 counters/
timers

TC 000 to TC 511

Used to define timers and counters, and to
access completion flags, PV, and SV.

Macro Area

Interval timers 0 through 2 and high-speed
counters 0 through 2 provided in separate area.
TIM 000 through TIM 015 can be refreshed via
interrupt processing as high-speed timers.
Data Memory
y Area

6,144 words
1,000 words
1,000 words
4,000 words
31 words
(44 words)

DM 0000 to DM 6143
DM 0000 to DM 0999
DM 1000 to DM 1999
DM 2000 to DM 5999
DM 6000 to DM 6030
DM 6100 to DM 6143

Read/Write
Normal DM.
Special I/O Unit Area2
Normal DM.
History Log
Link test area (reserved)

Fixed DM Area

512 words
56 words

DM 6144 to DM 6599
DM 6600 to DM 6655

Fixed DM Area (read only)
PC Setup

Expansion DM Area

3,000 words max.

DM 7000 to DM 9999

Read only

Note

1. These can be used as work words and bits when not used for their allocated
purposes.
2. The PC Setup can be set to use DM 7000 through DM 7999 as the Special
I/O Area.

26

Data Area Structure

Section 3-2

Work Bits and Words

When some bits and words in certain data areas are not being used for their intended purpose, they can be used in programming as required to control other
bits. Words and bits available for use in this fashion are called work words and
work bits. Most, but not all, unused bits can be used as work bits. Those that can
be used are described area-by-area in the remainder of this section. Actual application of work bits and work words is described in Section 4 Writing and Inputting the Program.

Flags and Control Bits

Some data areas contain flags and/or control bits. Flags are bits that are automatically turned ON and OFF to indicate particular operation status. Although
some flags can be turned ON and OFF by the user, most flags are read only; they
cannot be controlled directly.
Control bits are bits turned ON and OFF by the user to control specific aspects of
operation. Any bit given a name using the word bit rather than the word flag is a
control bit, e.g., Restart bits are control bits.

3-2

Data Area Structure
When designating a data area, the acronym for the area is always required for
any but the IR and SR areas. Although the acronyms for the IR and SR areas are
often given for clarity in text explanations, they are not required, and not entered,
when programming. Any data area designation without an acronym is assumed
to be in either the IR or SR area. Because IR and SR addresses run consecutively, the word or bit addresses are sufficient to differentiate these two areas.
An actual data location within any data area but the TC area is designated by its
address. The address designates the bit or word within the area where the desired data is located. The TC area consists of TC numbers, each of which is used
for a specific timer or counter defined in the program. Refer to 3-8 TC Area for
more details on TC numbers and to 5-14 Timer and Counter Instructions for information on their application.
The rest of the data areas (i.e., the IR, SR, HR, DM, AR, and LR areas) consist of
words, each of which consists of 16 bits numbered 00 through 15 from right to
left. IR words 000 and 001 are shown below with bit numbers. Here, the content
of each word is shown as all zeros. Bit 00 is called the rightmost bit; bit 15, the
leftmost bit.
The term least significant bit is often used for rightmost bit; the term most significant bit, for leftmost bit. These terms are not used in this manual because a
single data word is often split into two or more parts, with each part used for different parameters or operands. When this is done, the rightmost bits of a word
may actually become the most significant bits, i.e., the leftmost bits in another
word,when combined with other bits to form a new word.
Bit number

15

14

13

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

02

01

00

IR word 000

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

IR word 001

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

The DM area is accessible by word only; you cannot designate an individual bit
within a DM word. Data in the IR, SR, HR, AR, and LR areas is accessible either
by word or by bit, depending on the instruction in which the data is being used.
To designate one of these areas by word, all that is necessary is the acronym (if
required) and the two-, three-, or four-digit word address. To designate an area
by bit, the word address is combined with the bit number as a single four- or fivedigit address. The following table show examples of this. The two rightmost digits of a bit designation must indicate a bit between 00 and 15, i.e., the rightmost
digit must be 5 or less the next digit to the left, either 0 or 1.

27

Section 3-2

Data Area Structure

The same TC number can be used to designate either the present value (PV) of
the timer or counter, or a bit that functions as the Completion Flag for the timer or
counter. This is explained in more detail in 3-8 TC Area.
Area

Data Structure

Contents

Bit designation

000

00015 (leftmost bit in word 000)

SR

252

25200 (rightmost bit in word 252)

DM

DM 1250

Not possible

TC

TC 215 (designates PV)

TC 215 (designates completion flag)

LR

LR 12

LR 1200

Word data input as decimal values is stored in binary-coded decimal (BCD);
word data entered as hexadecimal is stored in binary form. Each four bits of a
word represents one digit, either a hexadecimal or decimal digit, numerically
equivalent to the value of the binary bits. One word of data thus contains four
digits, which are numbered from right to left. These digit numbers and the corresponding bit numbers for one word are shown below.

Digit number
Bit number

Word designation

IR

3

2

1

0

15

14

13

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

02

01

00

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

When referring to the entire word, the digit numbered 0 is called the rightmost
digit; the one numbered 3, the leftmost digit.
When inputting data into data areas, it must be input in the proper form for the
intended purpose. This is no problem when designating individual bits, which
are merely turned ON (equivalent to a binary value of 1) or OFF (a binary value of
0). When inputting word data, however, it is important to input it either as decimal
or as hexadecimal, depending on what is called for by the instruction it is to be
used for. Section 5 Instruction Set specifies when a particular form of data is required for an instruction.
Converting Different Forms
of Data

28

Binary and hexadecimal can be easily converted back and forth because each
four bits of a binary number is numerically equivalent to one digit of a hexadecimal number. The binary number 0101111101011111 is converted to hexadecimal by considering each set of four bits in order from the right. Binary 1111 is
hexadecimal F; binary 0101 is hexadecimal 5. The hexadecimal equivalent
would thus be 5F5F, or 24,415 in decimal (163 x 5 + 162 x 15 + 16 x 5 + 15).
Decimal and BCD are easily converted back and forth. In this case, each BCD
digit (i.e., each group of four BCD bits) is numerically equivalent of the corresponding decimal digit. The BCD bits 0101011101010111 are converted to decimal by considering each four bits from the right. Binary 0101 is decimal 5; binary
0111 is decimal 7. The decimal equivalent would thus be 5,757. Note that this is
not the same numeric value as the hexadecimal equivalent of
0101011101010111, which would be 5,757 hexadecimal, or 22,359 in decimal
(163 x 5 + 162 x 7 + 16 x 5 + 7).
Because the numeric equivalent of each four BCD binary bits must be numerically equivalent to a decimal value, any four bit combination numerically greater
then 9 cannot be used, e.g., 1011 is not allowed because it is numerically equivalent to 11, which cannot be expressed as a single digit in decimal notation. The
binary bits 1011 are of course allowed in hexadecimal are a equivalent to the
hexadecimal digit C.
There are instructions provided to convert data either direction between BCD
and hexadecimal. Refer to 5-18 Data Conversion for details. Tables of binary
equivalents to hexadecimal and BCD digits are provided in the appendices for
reference.

Section 3-2

Data Area Structure
Decimal Points

Decimal points are used in timers only. The least significant digit represents
tenths of a second. All arithmetic instructions operate on integers only.

Signed and Unsigned Binary Data
This section explains signed and unsigned binary data formats. Many instructions can use either signed or unsigned data and a few (CPS(––), CPSL(––),
DBS(––), DBSL(––), MBS(––), and MBSL(––)) use signed data exclusively.
Unsigned binary

Unsigned binary is the standard format used in OMRON PCs. Data in this manual are unsigned unless otherwise stated. Unsigned binary values are always
positive and range from 0 ($0000) to 65,535 ($FFFF). Eight-digit values range
from 0 ($0000 0000) to 4,294,967,295 ($FFFF FFFF).
163

Digit value
Bit number
Contents

162

161

160

15

14

13

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

02

01

00

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Signed Binary

Signed binary data can have either a positive and negative value. The sign is
indicated by the status of bit 15. If bit 15 is OFF, the number is positive and if bit 15
is ON, the number is negative. Positive signed binary values range from 0
($0000) to 32,767 ($7FFF), and negative signed binary values range from
–32,768 ($8000) to –1 ($FFFF).

Sign indicator
163

Digit value
Bit number
Contents

162

161

160

15

14

13

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

02

01

00

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Eight-digit positive values range from 0 ($0000 0000) to 2,147,483,647 ($7FFF
FFFF), and eight-digit negative values range from –2,147,483,648 ($8000
0000) to –1 ($FFFF FFFF).

29

Section 3-2

Data Area Structure

The following table shows the corresponding decimal, 16-bit hexadecimal, and
32-bit hexadecimal values.
Decimal

16-bit Hex

2147483647
2147483646
.
.
.
32768
32767
32766
.
.
.
2
1
0
–1
–2
.
.
.
–32767
–32768
–32769
.
.
.
–2147483647
–2147483648

32-bit Hex

–––
–––
.
.
.
–––
7FFF
7FFE
.
.
.
0002
0001
0000
FFFF
FFFE
.
.
.
8001
8000
–––
.
.
.
–––
–––

7FFFFFFF
7FFFFFFE
.
.
.
00008000
00007FFF
00007FFE
.
.
.
00000002
00000001
00000000
FFFFFFFF
FFFFFFFE
.
.
.
FFFF8001
FFFF8000
FFFF7FFF
.
.
.
80000001
80000000

Positive signed binary data is identical to unsigned binary data (up to 32,767)
and can be converted using BIN(100). The following procedure converts negative decimal values between –32,768 and –1 to signed binary. In this example
–12345 is converted to CFC7.

Converting Decimal to
Signed Binary

1. First take the absolute value (12345) and convert to unsigned binary:
Bit number
Contents

15

14

13

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

02

01

00

0

0

1

1

0

0

0

0

0

0

1

1

1

0

0

1

2. Next take the complement:
Bit number
Contents

15

14

13

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

02

01

00

1

1

0

0

1

1

1

1

1

1

0

0

0

1

1

0

3. Finally add one:
Bit number
Contents

15

14

13

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

02

01

00

1

1

0

0

1

1

1

1

1

1

0

0

0

1

1

1

Reverse the procedure to convert negative signed binary data to decimal.

30

Section 3-3

IR Area

3-3

IR (Internal Relay) Area
The IR area is used both as data to control I/O points, and as work bits to manipulate and store data internally. It is accessible both by bit and by word. In the
C200HS PC, the IR area is comprised of words 000 to 235 and 298 to 511.
Words in the IR area that are used to control I/O points are called I/O words. Bits
in I/O words are called I/O bits. Bits in the IR area which are not assigned as I/O
bits can be used as work bits. IR area work bits are reset when power is interrupted or PC operation is stopped.

I/O Words

If a Unit brings inputs into the PC, the bit assigned to it is an input bit; if the Unit
sends an output from the PC, the bit is an output bit. To turn on an output, the
output bit assigned to it must be turned ON. When an input turns on, the input bit
assigned to it also turns ON. These facts can be used in the program to access
input status and control output status through I/O bits.

Input Bit Usage

Input bits can be used to directly input external signals to the PC and can be used
in any order in programming. Each input bit can also be used in as many instructions as required to achieve effective and proper control. They cannot be used in
instructions that control bit status, e.g., the OUTPUT, DIFFERENTIATION UP,
and KEEP instructions.

Output Bit Usage

Output bits are used to output program execution results and can be used in any
order in programming. Because outputs are refreshed only once during each
cycle (i.e., once each time the program is executed), any output bit can be used
in only one instruction that controls its status, including OUT, KEEP(11),
DIFU(13), DIFD(14) and SFT(10). If an output bit is used in more than one such
instruction, only the status determined by the last instruction will actually be output from the PC.
See 5-15-1 Shift Register – SFT(10) for an example that uses an output bit in two
‘bit-control’ instructions.

Word Allocation for Racks

I/O words are allocated to the CPU Rack and Expansion I/O Racks by slot position. One I/O word is allocated to each slot, as shown in the following table. Since
each slot is allocated only one I/O word, a 3-slot rack uses only the first 3 words,
a 5-slot rack uses only the first 5 words, and an 8-slot rack uses only the first 8
words. Words that are allocated to unused or nonexistent slots are available as
work words.
Right side of a 10-slot rack →

← Left side of rack

Slot 1

Slot 2

Slot 3

Slot 4

Slot 5

Slot 6

Slot 7

Slot 8

Slot 9

CPU

Rack

IR 000

IR 001

IR 002

IR 003

IR 004

IR 005

IR 006

IR 007

IR 008

IR 009

1st Expansion

IR 010

IR 011

IR 012

IR 013

IR 014

IR 015

IR 016

IR 017

IR 018

IR 019

2nd

IR 020

IR 021

IR 022

IR 023

IR 024

IR 025

IR 026

IR 027

IR 028

IR 029

Expansion

Unused Words

Slot 10

Any words allocated to a Unit that does not use them can be used in programming as work words and bits. Units that do not used the words assigned to the
slot they are mounted to include Link Units (e.g., Host Link Units, PC Link Units,
SYSMAC NET Link Units, etc.), Remote I/O Master Units, Special I/O Units,
Group-2 High-density I/O Units, Group-2 B7A Interface Units, and Auxiliary
Power Supply Units.

31

Section 3-3

IR Area
Allocation for Special I/O
Units and Slave Racks

Up to ten Special I/O Units may be mounted in any slot of the CPU Rack or Expansion I/O Racks. Up to five Slave Racks may be used, whether one or two
Masters are used. IR area words are allocated to Special I/O Units and Slave
Racks by the unit number on the Unit, as shown in the following tables.
Special I/O Units

Slave Racks

Unit number
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Unit number
0
1
2
3
4

IR address
100 to 109
110 to 119
120 to 129
130 to 139
140 to 149
150 to 159
160 to 169
170 to 179
180 to 189
190 to 199

IR address
050 to 059
060 to 069
070 to 079
080 to 089
090 to 099

The C500-RT001/002-(P)V1 Remote I/O Slave Rack may be used, but it requires 20 I/O words, not 10, and therefore occupies the I/O words allocated to 2
C200H Slave Racks, both the words allocated to the unit number set on the rack
and the words allocated to the following unit number. When using a C200HS
CPU, do not set the unit number on a C500 Slave Rack to 4, because there is no
unit number 5. I/O words are allocated only to installed Units, from left to right,
and not to slots as in the C200HS system.
Allocation for Optical I/O
Units and I/O Terminals

I/O words between IR 200 and IR 231 are allocated to Optical I/O Units and I/O
Terminals by unit number. The I/O word allocated to each Unit is IR 200+n,
where n is the unit number set on the Unit.

Allocation for Remote I/O
Master and Link Units

Remote Master I/O Units and Host Link Units do not use I/O words, and the PC
Link Units use the LR area, so words allocated to the slots in which these Units
are mounted are available as work words.

Bit Allocation for I/O Units

An I/O Unit may require anywhere from 8 to 16 bits, depending on the model.
With most I/O Units, any bits not used for input or output are available as work
bits. Transistor Output Units C200H-OD213 and C200H-OD411, as well as Triac
Output Unit C200H-OA221, however, uses bit 08 for the Blown Fuse Flag. Transistor Output Unit C200H-OD214 uses bits 08 to 11 for the Alarm Flag. Bits 08 to
15 of any word allocated to these Units, therefore, cannot be used as work bits.

Bit Allocation for Interrupt
Input Units

The Interrupt Input Unit uses the 8 bits of the first I/O word allocated to its slot in
the CPU Rack. (An Interrupt Input Unit will operate as a normal Input Unit when
installed in an Expansion I/O Rack.) The other 24 bits allocated to its slot in the
CPU Rack can be used as work bits.

32

Section 3-4

SR Area
Allocation for Group-2
High-density I/O Units and
B7 Interface Units

Group-2 High-density I/O Units and B7A Interface Units are allocated words between IR 030 and IR 049 according to I/O number settings made on them and do
not use the words allocated to the slots in which they are mounted. For 32-point
Units, each Unit is allocated two words; for 64-point Units, each Unit is allocated
four words. The words allocated for each I/O number are in the following tables.
Any words or part of words not used for I/O can be used as work words or bits in
programming.
32-point Units
I/O number

64-point Units

Words

I/O number

Words

0

IR 30 to IR 31

0

IR 30 to IR 33

1

IR 32 to IR 33

1

IR 32 to IR 35

2

IR 34 to IR 35

2

IR 34 to IR 37

3

IR 36 to IR 37

3

IR 36 to IR 39

4

IR 38 to IR 39

4

IR 38 to IR 41

5

IR 40 to IR 41

5

IR 40 to IR 43

6

IR 42 to IR 43

6

IR 42 to IR 45

7

IR 44 to IR 45

7

IR 44 to IR 47

8

IR 46 to IR 47

8

IR 46 to IR 49

9

IR 48 to IR 49

9

Cannot be used.

When setting I/O numbers on the High-density I/O Units and B7A Interface
Units, be sure that the settings will not cause the same words to be allocated to
more than one Unit. For example, if I/O number 0 is allocated to a 64-point Unit,
I/O number 1 cannot be used for any Unit in the system.
Group-2 High-density I/O Units and B7A Interface Units are not considered Special I/O Units and do not affect the limit to the number of Special I/O Units allowed
in the System, regardless of the number used.
The words allocated to Group-2 High-density I/O Units correspond to the connectors on the Units as shown in the following table.
Unit
32-point Units
64-point Units

Word
First
Second
First
Second
Third
Fourth

Connector/row
Row A
Row B
CN1, row A
CN1, row B
CN2, row A
CN2, row B

Note Group-2 High-density I/O Units and B7A Interface Units cannot be mounted to
Slave Racks.

3-4

SR (Special Relay) Area
The SR area contains flags and control bits used for monitoring PC operation,
accessing clock pulses, and signalling errors. SR area word addresses range
from 236 through 511; bit addresses, from 23600 through 51115.
The following table lists the functions of SR area flags and control bits. Most of
these bits are described in more detail following the table. Descriptions are in
order by bit number except that Link System bits are grouped together.
Unless otherwise stated, flags are OFF until the specified condition arises, when
they are turned ON. Restart bits are usually OFF, but when the user turns one
ON then OFF, the specified Link Unit will be restarted. Other control bits are OFF
until set by the user.

33

Section 3-4

SR Area

Note all SR words and bits are writeable by the user. Be sure to check the function of a bit or word before attempting to use it in programming.
Word(s)
236

Bit(s)
00 to 07
08 to 15
00 to 07

Function
Node loop status output area for operating level 0 of SYSMAC NET Link System
Node loop status output area for operating level 1 of SYSMAC NET Link System
Completion code output area for operating level 0 following execution of
SEND(90)/RECV(98) SYSMAC LINK/SYSMAC NET Link System

08 to 15

Completion code output area for operating level 1 following execution of
SEND(90)/RECV(98) SYSMAC LINK/SYSMAC NET Link System

238 and 241

00 to 15

Data link status output area for operating level 0 of SYSMAC LINK or SYSMAC NET Link
System

242 and 245

00 to 15

Data link status output area for operating level 1 of SYSMAC LINK or SYSMAC NET Link
System

246
247 and 248

00 to 15
00 to 07
08 to 15
00 to 07
08 to 15
00
01 and 02
03
04 to 06
07
08 to 15

Reserved by system
PC Link Unit Run Flags for Units 16 through 31 or data link status for operating level 1
PC Link Unit Error Flags for Units 16 through 31 or data link status for operating level 1
PC Link Unit Run Flags for Units 00 through 15 or data link status for operating level 0
PC Link Unit Error Flags for Units 00 through 15 or data link status for operating level 0
Remote I/O Error Read Bit
Not used
Remote I/O Error Flag
Unit number of Remote I/O Unit, Optical I/O Unit, or I/O Terminal with error
Not used
Word allocated to Remote I/O Unit, Optical I/O Unit, or I/O Terminal with error (BCD)

00

SEND(90)/RECV(98) Error Flag for operating level 0 of SYSMAC LINK or SYSMAC NET
Link System

01

SEND(90)/RECV(98) Enable Flag for operating level 0 of SYSMAC LINK or SYSMAC NET
Link System

02
03

Operating Level 0 Data Link Operating Flag
SEND(90)/RECV(98) Error Flag for operating level 1 of SYSMAC LINK or SYSMAC NET
Link System

04

SEND(90)/RECV(98) Enable Flag for operating level 1 of SYSMAC LINK or SYSMAC NET
Link System

05
06
07
08
09
10
11
12
13
14
15

Operating Level 1 Data Link Operating Flag
Rack-mounting Host Link Unit Level 1 Communications Error Flag
Rack-mounting Host Link Unit Level 1 Restart Bit
Peripheral Port Restart Bit
RS-232C Port Restart Bit
PC Setup Clear Bit
Forced Status Hold Bit
Data Retention Control Bit
Rack-mounting Host Link Unit Level 0 Restart Bit
Not used.
Output OFF Bit

00 to 07
08
09
10
11
12
13
14
15

FAL number output area (see error information provided elsewhere)
Low Battery Flag
Cycle Time Error Flag
I/O Verification Error Flag
Rack-mounting Host Link Unit Level 0 Communications Error Flag
Remote I/O Error Flag
Always ON Flag
Always OFF Flag
First Cycle Flag

237

249 and 250
251
Writeable

252

253

34

Section 3-4

SR Area
Word(s)
254

255

256 to 261
262
263

Bit(s)

Function

00
01
02 and 03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
11
12
13
14
15
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08 to 15
00 to 15
00 to 15
00 to 15

1-minute clock pulse bit
0.02-second clock pulse bit
Reserved for function expansion. Do not use.
Overflow Flag (for signed binary calculations)
Underflow Flag (for signed binary calculations)
Differential Monitor End Flag
Step Flag
MTR Execution Flag
7SEG Execution Flag
DSW Execution Flag
Interrupt Input Unit Error Flag
Reserved by system
Interrupt Programming Error Flag
Group-2 Error Flag
Special Unit Error Flag (includes Special I/O, PC Link, Host Link, Remote I/O Master Units)
0.1-second clock pulse bit
0.2-second clock pulse bit
1.0-second clock pulse bit
Instruction Execution Error (ER) Flag
Carry (CY) Flag
Greater Than (GR) Flag
Equals (EQ) Flag
Less Than (LE) Flag
Reserved by system (used for TR bits)
Reserved by system
Longest interrupt subroutine (action) execution time (0.1 ms)
Number of interrupt subroutine (action) with longest execution time.
(8000 to 8512) 8000 to 8007, 8099

264

00 to 03

04
05
06
07
08 to 11

Bit 15: Interrupt Flag
RS-232C Port Error Code
0: No error

1: Parity error

2: Framing error

3: Overrun error

RS-232C Port Communications Error
RS-232C Port Send Ready Flag
RS-232C Port Reception Completed Flag
RS-232C Port Reception Overflow Flag
Peripheral Port Error Code in General I/O Mode
0: No error
1: Parity error
2: Framing error

3: Overrun error

F: When in Peripheral Bus Mode

265
266

12
13
14
15
00 to 15
00 to 15

Peripheral Port Communications Error in General I/O Mode
Peripheral Port Send Ready Flag in General I/O Mode
Peripheral Port Reception Completed Flag in General I/O Mode
Peripheral Port Reception Overflow Flag in General I/O Mode
RS-232C Port Reception Counter in General I/O Mode
Peripheral Reception Counter in General I/O Mode (BCD)

35

Section 3-4

SR Area
Word(s)
267

268
269

270

Bit(s)
00 to 04
05
06 to 12
13
14 and 15
00 to 15
00 to 07
08 to 10

Function
Reserved by system (not accessible by user)
Host Link Level 0 Send Ready Flag
Reserved by system (not accessible by user)
Host Link Level 1 Send Ready Flag
Reserved by system (not accessible by user)
Reserved by system (not accessible by user)
Memory Cassette Contents 00: Nothing; 01: UM; 02: IOM (03: HIS)
Memory Cassette Capacity
0: 0 KW (no cassette); 3: 16 KW

11 to 13
14
15
00

Reserved by system (not accessible by user)
EEPROM Memory Cassette Protected or EPROM Memory Cassette Mounted Flag
Memory Cassette Flag
Save UM to Cassette Bit
Data transferred to Memory
y Cassette when Bit is turned
ON
i
in
PROGRAM
mode.
d
Bit
will
ill automatically
t
ti ll tturn OFF
OFF.
Load UM from Cassette Bit
An error will be produced if turned ON in any other
Compare UM to Cassette Bit
mode.
Comparison Results
0: Contents identical; 1: Contents differ or comparison not possible

01
02
03
04 to 10
11

12

271

Reserved by system (not accessible by user)
Transfer Error Flag:
Data will not be transferred from UM to the Memory
Transferring SYSMAC NET
Cassette if an error occurs (except for Board Checksum
data link table on UM during
Error). Detailed information on checksum errors
active data link.
occu
g in the
e Memory
e o y Cassette
Casse e will not
o be output
ou u to
o
occurring
SR 272 because
b
the
h information
i f
i is
i not needed.
d d Repeat
R
Transfer Error Flag: Not
the transmission if SR 27015 is ON.
PROGRAM mode

13
14

Transfer Error Flag: Read Only
Transfer Error Flag: Insufficient
Capacity or No UM

15

Transfer Error Flag: Board
Checksum Error

00 to 07

Ladder program size stored in Memory Cassette
Ladder-only File: 04: 4 KW; 08: 8 KW; 12: 12 KW; ... (64: 64 KW)
00: No ladder program or no file
Data updated at data transfer from CPU at startup. The file must begin in segment 0.

272

36

08 to 15

Ladder program size and type in CPU (Specifications are the same as for bits 00 to 07.)

00 to 10
11
12
13
14
15

Data updated when indexes generated. Default value (after clearing memory) is 16.
Reserved by system (not accessible by user)
Memory Error Flag: PC Setup Checksum Error
Memory Error Flag: Ladder Checksum Error
Memory Error Flag: Instruction Change Vector Area Checksum Error
Memory Error Flag: Memory Cassette Online Disconnection
Memory Error Flag: Autoboot Error

Section 3-4

SR Area
Word(s)
273

Bit(s)
00
01
02 to 11
12
13
14

274

275

276
277 to 279
280 to 289
290 to 293
294 to 297
298 to 299

Function
Save IOM to Cassette Bit
Data transferred to Memory Cassette when Bit is turned
ON in PROGRAM mode. Bit will automatically turn OFF.
An error will be produced if turned ON in any other
Load IOM from Cassette Bit
mode.
Reserved by system (not accessible by user)
Transfer Error Flag: Not
Data will not be transferred from IOM to the Memory
PROGRAM mode
Cassette if an error occurs (except
for Read Onlyy Error).
(
)
Transfer Error Flag: Read Only
Transfer Error Flag: Insufficient
Capacity or No IOM

15

Transfer Error Flag: Checksum
Error

00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10 to 15
00
01
02
03 to 15
00 to 07
08 to 15
00 to 15
00 to 15
00 to 15
00 to 15
00 to 15

Special I/O Unit #0 Restart Flag These flags
g will turn ON during
g restart processing.
g
Th
flflags will
ill not turn ON ffor U
Units
i on Sl
Slave R
Racks.
k
Special I/O Unit #1 Restart Flag These
Special I/O Unit #2 Restart Flag
Special I/O Unit #3 Restart Flag
Special I/O Unit #4 Restart Flag
Special I/O Unit #5 Restart Flag
Special I/O Unit #6 Restart Flag
Special I/O Unit #7 Restart Flag
Special I/O Unit #8 Restart Flag
Special I/O Unit #9 Restart Flag
Reserved by system (not accessible by user)
PC Setup Startup Error (DM 6600 to DM 6614)
PC Setup RUN Error (DM 6615 to DM 6644)
PC Setup Communications/Error Setting/Misc. Error (DM 6645 to DM 6655)
Reserved by system (not accessible by user)
Minutes (00 to 59)
Used for time increments.
Hours (00 to 23)
Used for keyboard mapping. See page 368.
Reserved by system (not accessible by user)
Macro Area inputs.
Macro Area outputs.
Reserved by system (not accessible by user)

3-4-1 SYSMAC NET/SYSMAC LINK System
Loop Status

SR 236 provides the local node loop status for SYSMAC NET Systems, as
shown below.

–––
Level 0

Bit in SR 236
07

06

Level 1

15

14

Status/
Meaning

1

1

Completion Codes

05
13
Central Power Supply
0: Connected
1: Not connected

04
12
1

03

02

11

10

01
09

Loop Status

Reception Status

11: Normal loop
10: Downstream backloop
01: Upstream backloop
00: Loop error

0: Reception enabled
1: Reception disabled

00
08
1

SR 23700 to SR23707 provide the SEND/RECV completion code for operating
level 0 and SR 23708 to SR 23215 provide the SEND/RECV completion code for
operating level 1. The completion codes are as given in the following tables.

37

Section 3-4

SR Area
SYSMAC LINK
Code

Item

Meaning

00

Normal end

Processing ended normally.

01

Parameter error

Parameters for network communication instruction is
not within acceptable ranges.

02

Unable to send

Unit reset during command processing or local node
in not in network.

03

Destination not in
network

Destination node is not in network.

04

Busy error

The destination node is processing data and cannot
receive the command.

05

Response timeout

The response monitoring time was exceeded.

06

Response error

There was an error in the response received from
the destination node.

07

Communications
controller error

An error occurred in the communications controller.

08

Setting error

There is an error in the node address settings.

09

PC error

An error occurred in the CPU of the destination
node.

SYSMAC NET
Code

Data Link Status

Item

Meaning

00

Normal end

Processing ended normally.

01

Parameter error

Parameters for network communication instruction is
not within acceptable ranges.

02

Routing error

There is a mistake in the routing tables for
connection to a remote network.

03

Busy error

The destination node is processing data and cannot
receive the command.

04

Send error (token
lost)

The token was not received from the Line Server.

05

Loop error

An error occurred in the communications loop.

06

No response

The destination node does not exist or the response
monitoring time was exceeded.

07

Response error

There is an error in the response format.

SR 238 to SR 245 contain the data link status for SYSMAC LINK/SYSMAC NET
Systems. The data structure depends on the system used to create the data link.
SYSMAC LINK
Operating
p
g
l
level
l0

Operating
p
g
l
level
l1

Bit

SR 238

SR 242

12 to 15
Node 4

11 to 08
Node 3

04 to 07
Node 2

00 to 03
Node 1

SR 239

SR 243

Node 8

Node 7

Node 6

Node 5

SR 240

SR 244

Node 12

Node 11

Node 10

Node 9

SR 241

SR 245

Node 16

Node 15

Node 14

Node 13

Leftmost bit
1: PC RUN status

38

Rightmost bit
1: PC CPU error

1: Communications error

1: Data link
operating

Section 3-4

SR Area
SYSMAC NET
Operating
p
g
l
level
l0

Operating
p
g
l
level
l1

SR 238

Bit (Node numbers below)

SR 242

15
8

14
7

13
6

12
5

11
4

10
3

09
2

08
1

07
8

06
7

05
6

04
5

03
4

02
3

01
2

00
1

SR 239

SR 243

16

15

14

13

12

11

10

9

16

15

14

13

12

11

10

9

SR 240

SR 244

24

23

22

21

20

19

18

17

24

23

22

21

20

19

18

17

SR 241

SR 245

32

31

30

29

28

27

26

25

32

31

30

29

28

27

26

25

1: PC CPU error

1: PC RUN status

3-4-2 Remote I/O Systems
SR 25312 turns ON to indicate an error has occurred in Remote I/O Systems.
The ALM/ERR indicator will flash, but PC operation will continue. SR 251, as
well as AR 0014 and AR 0015, contain information on the source and type of
error. The function of each bit is described below. Refer to Optical and Wired Remote I/O System Manuals for details.
Bit 00 – Error Check Bit

If there are errors in more than one Remote I/O Unit, word 251 will contain error
information for only the first one. Data for the remaining Units will be stored in
memory and can be accessed by turning the Error Check bit ON and OFF. Be
sure to record data for the first error, which will be cleared when data for the next
error is displayed.

Bits 01 and 02

Not used.

Bit 03

Remote I/O Error Flag: Bit 03 turns ON when an error has occurred in a Remote
I/O Unit.

Bits 04 to 15

The content of bits 04 to 06 is a 3-digit binary number (04: 20, 05: 21, 06: 22) and
the content of bits 08 to 15 is a 2-digit BCD number (08 to 11: 100, 12 to 15: 101).
If the content of bits 12 through 15 is B, an error has occurred in a Remote I/O
Master or Slave Unit, and the content of bits 08 through 11 will indicate the unit
number, either 0 or 1, of the Master involved. In this case, bits 04 to 06 contain
the unit number of the Slave Rack involved.
If the content of bits 12 through 15 is a number from 0 to 31, an error has occurred in an Optical I/O Unit or I/O Terminal. The number is the unit number of the
Optical I/O Unit or I/O Terminal involved, and bit 04 will be ON if the Unit is assigned leftmost word bits (08 through 15), and OFF if it is assigned rightmost
word bits (00 through 07).

3-4-3 Link System Flags and Control Bits
Use of the following SR bits depends on the configuration of any Link Systems to
which your PC belongs. These flags and control bits are used when Link Units,
such as PC Link Units, Remote I/O Units, or Host Link Units, are mounted to the
PC Racks or to the CPU. For additional information, consult the System Manual
for the particular Units involved.
The following bits can be employed as work bits when the PC does not belong to
the Link System associated with them.

39

Section 3-4

SR Area
Host Link Systems

Both Error flags and Restart bits are provided for Host Link Systems. Error flags
turn ON to indicate errors in Host Link Units. Restart bits are turned ON and then
OFF to restart a Host Link Unit. SR bits used with Host Link Systems are summarized in the following table. Rack-mounting Host Link Unit Restart bits are
not effective for the Multilevel Rack-mounting Host Link Units. Refer to the
Host Link System Manual for details.
Bit

Flag

25206

Rack-mounting Host Link Unit Level 1 Error Flag

25207

Rack-mounting Host Link Unit Level 1 Restart Bit

25213

Rack-mounting Host Link Unit Level 0 Restart Bit

25311

Rack-mounting Host Link Unit Level 0 Error Flag

PC Link Systems
PC Link Unit Error and Run
Flags

Single-level PC Link
Systems

When the PC belongs to a PC Link System, words 247 through 250 are used to
monitor the operating status of all PC Link Units connected to the PC Link System. This includes a maximum of 32 PC Link Units. If the PC is in a Multilevel PC
Link System, half of the PC Link Units will be in a PC Link Subsystem in operating
level 0; the other half, in a Subsystem in operating level 1. The actual bit assignments depend on whether the PC is in a Single-level PC Link System or a Multilevel PC Link System. Refer to the PC Link System Manual for details. Error and
Run Flag bit assignments are described below.
Bits 00 through 07 of each word are the Run flags, which are ON when the PC
Link Unit is in RUN mode. Bits 08 through 15 are the Error flags, which are ON
when an error has occurred in the PC Link Unit. The following table shows bit
assignments for Single-level and Multi-level PC Link Systems.
Flag type
Run flags

Error flags

40

Bit no.

SR 247

SR 248

SR 249

SR 250

00

Unit #24

Unit #16

Unit #8

Unit #0

01

Unit #25

Unit #17

Unit #9

Unit #1

02

Unit #26

Unit #18

Unit #10

Unit #2

03

Unit #27

Unit #19

Unit #11

Unit #3

04

Unit #28

Unit #20

Unit #12

Unit #4

05

Unit #29

Unit #21

Unit #13

Unit #5

06

Unit #30

Unit #22

Unit #14

Unit #6

07

Unit #31

Unit #23

Unit #15

Unit #7

08

Unit #24

Unit #16

Unit #8

Unit #0

09

Unit #25

Unit #17

Unit #9

Unit #1

10

Unit #26

Unit #18

Unit #10

Unit #2

11

Unit #27

Unit #19

Unit #11

Unit #3

12

Unit #28

Unit #20

Unit #12

Unit #4

13

Unit #29

Unit #21

Unit #13

Unit #5

14

Unit #30

Unit #22

Unit #14

Unit #6

15

Unit #31

Unit #23

Unit #15

Unit #7

Section 3-4

SR Area
Multilevel PC Link Systems

Flag type
Run flags

Error flags

Application Example

Bit no.

SR 247

SR 248

SR 249

SR 250

00

Unit #8,
level 1

Unit #0,
level 1

Unit #8,
level 0

Unit #0,
level 0

01

Unit #9,
level 1

Unit #1,
level 1

Unit #9,
level 0

Unit #1,
level 0

02

Unit #10,
level 1

Unit #2,
level 1

Unit #10,
level 0

Unit #2,
level 0

03

Unit #11,
level 1

Unit #3,
level 1

Unit #11,
level 0

Unit #3,
level 0

04

Unit #12,
level 1

Unit #4,
level 1

Unit #12,
level 0

Unit #4,
level 0

05

Unit #13,
level 1

Unit #5,
level 1

Unit #13,
level 0

Unit #5,
level 0

06

Unit #14,
level 1

Unit #6,
level 1

Unit #14,
level 0

Unit #6,
level 0

07

Unit #15,
level 1

Unit #7,
level 1

Unit #15,
level 0

Unit #7,
level 0

08

Unit #8,
level 1

Unit #0,
level 1

Unit #8,
level 0

Unit #0,
level 0

09

Unit #9,
level 1

Unit #1,
level 1

Unit #9,
level 0

Unit #1,
level 0

10

Unit #10,
level 1

Unit #2,
level 1

Unit #10,
level 0

Unit #2,
level 0

11

Unit #11,
level 1

Unit #3,
level 1

Unit #11,
level 0

Unit #3,
level 0

12

Unit #12,
level 1

Unit #4,
level 1

Unit #12,
level 0

Unit #4,
level 0

13

Unit #13,
level 1

Unit #5,
level 1

Unit #13,
level 0

Unit #5,
level 0

14

Unit #14,
level 1

Unit #6,
level 1

Unit #14,
level 0

Unit #6,
level 0

15

Unit #15,
level 1

Unit #7,
level 1

Unit #15,
level 0

Unit #7,
level 0

If the PC is in a Multilevel PC Link System and the content of word 248 is 02FF,
then PC Link Units #0 through #7 of in the PC Link Subsystem assigned operating level 1 would be in RUN mode, and PC Link Unit #1 in the same Subsystem
would have an error. The hexadecimal digits and corresponding binary bits of
word 248 would be as shown below.
Bit no.

15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 00

Binary

0000

Hex

0

0010

1111

2

F

1111
F

3-4-4 Forced Status Hold Bit
SR 25211 determines whether or not the status of bits that have been force-set
or force-reset is maintained when switching between PROGRAM and MONITOR mode to start or stop operation. If SR 25211 is ON, bit status will be maintained; if SR 25211 is OFF, all bits will return to default status when operation is
started or stopped. The Forced Status Hold Bit is only effective when enabled in
the PC Setup.
The status of SR 25211 in not affected by a power interruption unless the I/O
table is registered; in that case, SR 25211 will go OFF.
SR 25211 is not effective when switching to RUN mode.
SR 25211 should be manipulated from a Peripheral Device, e.g., a Programming Console or LSS.

41

Section 3-4

SR Area
Maintaining Status during
Startup

The status of SR 25211 and thus the status of force-set and force-reset bits can
be maintained when power is turned off and on by enabling the Forced Status
Hold Bit in the PC Setup. If the Forced Status Hold Bit is enabled, the status of
SR 25211 will be preserved when power is turned off and on. If this is done and
SR 25211 is ON, then the status of force-set and force-reset bits will also be preserved, as shown in the following table.
Status before shutdown
SR 25211
ON
OFF

Status at next startup
SR 25211
ON
OFF

Force-set/reset bits
Status maintained
Reset

Note Refer to 3-6-4 PC Setup for details on enabling the Forced Status Hold Bit.

3-4-5 I/O Status Hold Bit
SR 25212 determines whether or not the status of IR and LR area bits is maintained when operation is started or stopped, when operation begins by switching
from PROGRAM mode to MONITOR or RUN modes. If SR 25212 is ON, bit status will be maintained; if SR 25212 is OFF, all IR and LR area bits will be reset.
The I/O Status Hold Bit is effective only if enabled in the PC Setup.
The status of SR 25212 in not affected by a power interruption unless the I/O
table is registered; in that case, SR 25212 will go OFF.
SR 25212 should be manipulated from a Peripheral Device, e.g., a Programming Console or LSS.
Maintaining Status during
Startup

The status of SR 25212 and thus the status of IR and LR area bits can be maintained when power is turned off and on by enabling the I/O Status Hold Bit in the
PC Setup. If the I/O Status Hold Bit is enabled, the status of SR 25212 will be
preserved when power is turned off and on. If this is done and SR 25212 is ON,
then the status of IR and LR area bits will also be preserved, as shown in the
following table.
Status before shutdown
SR 25212
ON
OFF

Status at next startup
SR 25212
ON
OFF

IR and LR bits
Status maintained
Reset

Note Refer to 3-6-4 PC Setup for details on enabling the I/O Status Hold Bit.

3-4-6 Output OFF Bit
SR bit 25215 is turned ON to turn OFF all outputs from the PC. The OUT INHIBIT
indicator on the front panel of the CPU will light. When the Output OFF Bit is OFF,
all output bits will be refreshed in the usual way.
The status of the Output OFF Bit is maintained for power interruptions or when
PC operation is stopped, unless the I/O table has been registered, or the I/O
table has been registered and either the Forced Status Hold Bit or the I/O Status
Hold Bit has not been enabled in the PC Setup.

3-4-7 FAL (Failure Alarm) Area
A 2-digit BCD FAL code is output to bits 25300 to 25307 when the FAL or FALS
instruction is executed. These codes are user defined for use in error diagnosis,
although the PC also outputs FAL codes to these bits, such as one caused by
battery voltage drop.
This area can be reset by executing the FAL instruction with an operand of 00 or
by performing a Failure Read Operation from the Programming Console.

3-4-8 Low Battery Flag
SR bit 25308 turns ON if the voltage of the CPU’s backup battery drops. The
ALM/ERR indicator on the front of the CPU will also flash.

42

Section 3-4

SR Area

This bit can be programmed to activate an external warning for a low battery voltage.
The operation of the battery alarm can be disabled in the PC Setup if desired.
Refer to 3-6-4 PC Setup for details.

3-4-9 Cycle Time Error Flag
SR bit 25309 turns ON if the cycle time exceeds 100 ms. The ALM/ERR indicator
on the front of the CPU will also flash. Program execution will not stop, however,
unless the maximum time limit set for the watchdog timer is exceeded. Timing
may become inaccurate after the cycle time exceeds 100 ms.

3-4-10 I/O Verification Error Flag
SR bit 25310 turns ON when the Units mounted in the system disagree with the
I/O table registered in the CPU. The ALM/ERR indicator on the front of the CPU
will also flash, but PC operation will continue.
To ensure proper operation, PC operation should be stopped, Units checked,
and the I/O table corrected whenever this flag goes ON.

3-4-11 First Cycle Flag
SR bit 25315 turns ON when PC operation begins and then turns OFF after one
cycle of the program. The First Cycle Flag is useful in initializing counter values
and other operations. An example of this is provided in 5-14 Timer and Counter
Instructions.

3-4-12 Clock Pulse Bits
Five clock pulses are available to control program timing. Each clock pulse bit is
ON for the first half of the rated pulse time, then OFF for the second half. In other
words, each clock pulse has a duty factor of 50%.
These clock pulse bits are often used with counter instructions to create timers.
Refer to 5-14 Timer and Counter Instructions for an example of this.
Pulse width

1 min

0.02 s

0.1 s

0.2 s

1.0 s

Bit

25400

25401

25500

25501

25502

Bit 25400
1-min clock pulse

30 s

30 s

Bit 25401
0.02-s clock pulse

.01 s

1 min.

.02 s

Bit 25500
0.1-s clock pulse

.05 s

.05 s
0.1 s

0.5 s
1.0 s

Bit 25501
0.2-s clock pulse

0.1 s

0.1 s
0.2 s

Bit 25502
1.0-s clock pulse

0.5 s

.01 s

Caution:
Because the 0.1-second and
0.02-second clock pulse bits have
ON times of 50 and 10 ms, respectively, the CPU may not be able to
accurately read the pulses if program execution time is too long.

43

Section 3-4

SR Area

3-4-13 Step Flag
SR bit 25407 turns ON for one cycle when step execution is started with the
STEP(08) instruction.

3-4-14 Group-2 Error Flag
SR bit 25414 turns ON for any of the following errors for Group-2 High-density
I/O Units and B7A Interface Units: the same I/O number set twice, the same
words allocated to more than one Unit, refresh errors. If one of these errors occurs, the Unit will stop operation and the ALARM indicator will flash, but the overall PC will continue operation.
When the Group-2 Error Flag is ON, the number of the Unit with the error will be
provided in AR 0205 to AR 0214. If the Unit cannot be started properly even
though the I/O number is set correctly and the Unit is installed properly, a fuse
may be blown or the Unit may contain a hardware failure. If this should occur,
replace the Unit with a spare and try to start the system again.
There is also an error flag for High-density I/O Units and B7A Interface Units in
the AR area, AR 0215.

3-4-15 Special Unit Error Flag
SR bit 25415 turns ON to indicate errors in the following Units: Special I/O, PC
Link, Host Link, and Remote I/O Master Units. SR bit 25415 will turn ON for any
of the following errors.
• When more than one Special I/O Unit is set to the same unit number.
• When an error occurs in refreshing data between a Special I/O Unit and the
PC’s CPU.
• When an error occurs between a Host Link Unit and the PC’s CPU.
• When an error occurs in a Remote I/O Master Unit.
Although the PC will continue operation if SR 25415 turns ON, the Units causing
the error will stop operation and the ALM indicator will flash. Check the status of
AR 0000 to AR 0015 to obtain the unit numbers of the Units for which the error
occurred and investigate the cause of the error.
Unit operation can be restarted by using the Restart Bits (AR 0100 to AR 0115,
SR 25207, and SR 25213), but will not be effective if the same unit number is set
for more than one Special I/O Unit. Turn off the power supply, correct the unit
number settings, and turn of the power supply again to restart.
SR 25415 will not turn OFF even if AR 0100 to AR 0115 (Restart Bits) are turned
ON. It can be turned OFF by reading errors from a Programming Device or by
executing FAL(06) 00 from the ladder program.

3-4-16 Instruction Execution Error Flag, ER
SR bit 25503 turns ON if an attempt is made to execute an instruction with incorrect operand data. Common causes of an instruction error are non-BCD operand data when BCD data is required, or an indirectly addressed DM word that is
non-existent. When the ER Flag is ON, the current instruction will not be
executed.

3-4-17 Arithmetic Flags
The following flags are used in data shifting, arithmetic calculation, and comparison instructions. They are generally referred to only by their two-letter abbreviations.
! Caution

These flags are all reset when the END(01) instruction is executed, and therefore cannot be monitored from a programming device.
Refer to 5-15 Data Shifting, 5-17 Data Comparison, 5-19 BCD Calculations, and
5-20 Binary Calculations for details.

44

Section 3-4

SR Area
Overflow Flag, OF

SR bit 25404 turns ON when the result of a binary addition or subtraction exceeds 7FFF or 7FFFFFFF.

Underflow Flag, UF

SR bit 25405 turns ON when the result of a signed binary addition or subtraction
exceeds 8000 or 80000000.

Carry Flag, CY

SR bit 25504 turns ON when there is a carry in the result of an arithmetic operation or when a rotate or shift instruction moves a “1” into CY. The content of CY is
also used in some arithmetic operations, e.g., it is added or subtracted along
with other operands. This flag can be set and cleared from the program using the
Set Carry and Clear Carry instructions.

Greater Than Flag, GR

SR bit 25505 turns ON when the result of a comparison shows the first of two
operands to be greater than the second.

Equal Flag, EQ

SR bit 25506 turns ON when the result of a comparison shows two operands to
be equal or when the result of an arithmetic operation is zero.

Less Than Flag, LE

SR bit 25507 turns ON when the result of a comparison shows the first of two
operands to be less than the second.
Note The four arithmetic flags are turned OFF when END(01) is executed.

3-4-18 Interrupt Subroutine Areas
The following areas are used in subroutine interrupt processing.
Interrupt Subroutine
Maximum Processing Time
Area

SR bits 26200 to 26215 are used to set the maximum processing time of the interrupt subroutine. Processing times are determined to within 0.1 ms increments.

Maximum Processing Time
Interrupt Subroutine
Number Area

SR bits 26300 to 26315 contain the maximum processing time interrupt subroutine number. Bit 15 will be ON if there is an interruption.

3-4-19 RS-232C Port Communications Areas
RS-232C Port Error Code

SR bits 26400 to 26403 set when there is a RS-232C port error.
Setting

Error type

0

No error

1

Parity error

2

Framing error

3

Overrun error

RS-232C Port
Communication Error Bit

SR bit 26404 turns ON when there is a RS-232C port communication error.

RS-232C Port Send Ready
Flag

SR bit 26405 turns ON when the C200HS is ready to transmit data.

RS-232C Port Reception
Completed Flag

SR bit 26406 turns ON when the C200HS has completed reading data from a
RS-232C device.

RS-232C Port Reception
Overflow Flag

SR bit 26407 turns ON when data overflow occurs following the reception of
data.

RS-232C Reception Counter

SR areas 26500 to 26515 contains the number of RS-232C port receptions in
General I/O Mode.

Host Link Level 0 Send
Ready Flag

SR bit 26705 turns ON when the C200HS is ready to transmit to the Host Link
Unit.

Host Link Level 1 Send
Ready Flag

SR bit 26713 turns ON when the C200HS is ready to transmit to the Host Link.

45

Section 3-4

SR Area

3-4-20 Peripheral Port Communications Areas
Peripheral Port Error Code

SR bits 26408 to 26411 are set when there is a peripheral port error in the General I/O Mode.
Setting

Error type

0

No error

1

Parity error

2

Framing error

3

Overrun error

F

Connected in Peripheral Mode

Peripheral Port
Communication Error Bit

SR bit 26412 turns ON when there is a peripheral port communication error (effective in General I/O Mode).

Peripheral Port Send Ready
Flag

SR bit 26413 turns ON when the C200HS is ready to transmit data in General I/O
Mode.

Peripheral Port Reception
Completed Flag

SR bit 26414 turns ON when the C200HS has completed reading data from a
peripheral device. Effective in General I/O Mode.

Peripheral Port Reception
Overflow Flag

SR bit 26415 turns ON when data overflow occurs following the reception of
data. Effective in General I/O Mode.

Peripheral Reception
Counter

SR areas 26600 to 26615 contains the number of peripheral port receptions in
General I/O Mode (BCD).

Host Link Level 0 Send
Ready Flag

SR bit 26705 turns ON when the C200HS is ready to transmit to the Host Link
Unit.

Host Link Level 1 Receive
Ready Flag

SR bit 26713 turns ON when the C200HS is ready to receive data from the Host
Link.

3-4-21 Memory Cassette Areas
Memory Cassette Contents

SR areas 26900 to 26907 indicate memory type contained on the Memory Cassette.
Memory Type

Memory Cassette Capacity

Code

Nothing

00

UM

01

IOM

02

SR areas 26908 to 26910 indicate memory capacity of the Memory Cassette.
Capacity

Code

0 KW (no board mounted)

0

16 KW

3

EEPROM/EPROM Memory
Cassette Mounted Flag

SR bit 26914 turns ON when EEPROM Memory Cassette is protected or
EPROM Memory Cassette is mounted.

Memory Cassette Flag

SR bit 26915 turns ON when a Memory Cassette is mounted.

Save UM to Cassette Flag

SR bit 27000 turns ON when UM data is read to a Memory Cassette in Program
Mode. Bit will automatically turn OFF. An error will be produced if turned ON in
any other mode.

Load UM from Cassette
Flag

SR bit 27001 turns ON when data is loaded into UM from a Memory Cassette in
Program Mode. Bit will automatically turn OFF. An error will be produced if
turned ON in any other mode.

46

Section 3-4

SR Area
Collation (Between DM and
Memory Cassette)

SR bit 27002 turns ON when data is verified between DM and a Memory Cassette. SR bit 27003 turns OFF when the contents of the verification coincide and
turns ON when the contents of the verification do not coincide.

3-4-22 Data Transfer Error Bits
Data will not be transferred from UM to the Memory Cassette if an error occurs
(except for Board Checksum Error). Detailed information on checksum errors
occurring in the Memory Cassette will not be output to SR 272 because the information is not needed. Repeat the transmission if SR 27015 is ON
Transfer Error Flag: Not
PROGRAM Mode

SR bit 27012 turns ON when the C200HS is not in Program Mode and data
transfer is attempted.

Transfer Error Flag: Read
Only

SR bit 27013 turns ON when the C200HS is in Read-only Mode and data transfer is attempted.

Transfer Error Flag:
Insufficient Capacity or No
UM

SR bit 27014 turns ON when data transfer is attempted and available UM is insufficient.

Transfer Error Flag: Board
Checksum Error

SR bit 27015 turns ON when data transfer is attempted and a Board Checksum
error occurs.

3-4-23 Ladder Diagram Memory Areas
Memory Cassette Ladder
Diagram Size Area

SR areas 27100 to 27107 indicate the amount of ladder program stored in a
Memory Cassette.
Ladder-only File: 04: 4 KW; 08: 8 KW; 12: 12 KW; ... (64: 64 KW)
(Ladder File (Bit 07 will be ON): 84: 4 KW; 88: 8 KW; 92: 12 KW;
... (E4: 64 KW))
00: No ladder program or no file
Data updated at data transfer from CPU at startup. The file must begin in
segment 0.

CPU Ladder Diagram Size
and Type

SR areas 27108 to 27115 indicate the CPU’s ladder program size and type.
Specifications are the same as for bits 00 to 07.

3-4-24 Memory Error Flags
Memory Error Flag: PC
Setup Error

SR bit 27211 turns ON when a PC Setup Checksum error occurs.

Memory Error Flag: Ladder
Checksum Error

SR bit 27212 turns ON when a Ladder Checksum error occurs.

Memory Error Flag:
Instruction Change Error

SR bit 27213 turns ON when an instruction change vector area error occurs.

Memory Error Flag: Memory
Cassette Disconnect Error

SR bit 27214 turns ON when a Memory Cassette is connected or disconnected
during operations.

Memory Error Flag:
Autoboot Error

SR bit 27215 turns ON when an autoboot error occurs.

3-4-25 Data Save Flags
Data transferred to Memory Cassette when Bit is turned ON in PROGRAM
mode. Bit will automatically turn OFF. An error will be produced if turned ON in
any other mode.

47

Section 3-5

AR Area
Save IOM to Cassette Bit

SR bit 27300 turns ON when IOM is saved to a Memory Cassette.

Load IOM from Cassette Bit

SR bit 27301 turns ON when loading to IOM from a Memory Cassette.

3-4-26 Transfer Error Flags
Data will not be transferred from IOM to the Memory Cassette if an error occurs
(except for Read Only Error).
Transfer Error Flag: Not
PROGRAM mode

SR bit 27312 turns ON when attempting to transfer data in other than Program
Mode.

Transfer Error Flag

SR bit 27313 turns ON when attempting to transfer data in Read-only Mode.

Transfer Error Flag

SR bit 27314 turns ON when attempting to transfer data and IOM capacity is insufficient.

3-4-27 PC Setup Error Flags
PC Setup Startup Error

SR bit 27500 turns ON when a PC Setup Startup error occurs (DM6600 to
DM6614).

PC Setup RUN Error

SR bit 27501 turns ON when a PC Setup Run error occurs (DM6615 to
DM6644).

PC Setup
Communications/Error
Setting/Misc. Error
Minutes (00 to 59)

SR bit 27501 turns ON when a PC Setup Communications, Error setting or Miscellaneous error occurs (DM6645 to DM6655).

Hours (00 to 23)

SR bits 27608 to 27615 set the PC Clock to hours (0 to 23).

Keyboard Map

Used for keyboard mapping.

3-5

SR bits 27600 to 27607 set the PC Clock to minutes (00 to 59).

AR (Auxiliary Relay) Area
AR word addresses extend from AR 00 to AR 27; AR bit addresses extend from
AR 0000 to AR 2715. Most AR area words and bits are dedicated to specific
uses, such as transmission counters, flags, and control bits, and words AR 00
through AR 07 and AR 23 through AR 27 cannot be used for any other purpose.
Words and bits from AR 08 to AR 22 are available as work words and work bits if
not used for the following assigned purposes.
Word

Use

AR 0713 to AR 0715

Error History Area

AR 07 to 15

SYSMAC LINK Units

AR 16, AR 17

SYSMAC LINK and SYSMAC NET Link Units

AR 18 to AR 21

Calendar/clock Area

AR 0708, AR 0709,
and AR 22

TERMINAL Mode Key Bits

The AR area retains status during power interruptions, when switching from
MONITOR or RUN mode to PROGRAM mode, or when PC operation is
stopped. Bit allocations are shown in the following table and described in the following pages in order of bit number.
AR Area Flags and Control Bits
Word(s)
00

48

Bit(s)

Function

00 to 09

Error Flags for Special I/O Units 0 to 9 (also function as Error Flags for PC Link Units)

10

Error Flag for operating level 1 of SYSMAC LINK or SYSMAC NET Link System

11

Error Flag for operating level 0 of SYSMAC LINK or SYSMAC NET Link System

12

Host Computer to Rack-mounting Host Link Unit Level 1 Error Flag

13

Host Computer to Rack-mounting Host Link Unit Level 0 Error Flag

14

Remote I/O Master Unit 1 Error Flag

15

Remote I/O Master Unit 0 Error Flag

Section 3-5

AR Area
Word(s)
01

Bit(s)

Function

00 to 09

Restart Bits for Special I/O Units 0 to 9 (also function as Restart Bits for PC Link Units)

10

Restart Bit for operating level 1 of SYSMAC LINK or SYSMAC NET Link System

11

Restart Bit for operating level 0 of SYSMAC LINK or SYSMAC NET Link System

12, 13

Not used.

14

Remote I/O Master Unit 1 Restart Flag.

15

Remote I/O Master Unit 0 Restart Flag.

02

00 to 04

Slave Rack Error Flags (#0 to #4)

03

05 to 14
15
00 to 15

Group-2 Error Flags
Group-2 Error Flag
Error Flags for Optical I/O Units and I/O Terminals 0 to 7

04

00 to 15

Error Flags for Optical I/O Units and I/O Terminals 8 to 15

05

00 to 15

Error Flags for Optical I/O Units and I/O Terminals 16 to 23

06

00 to 15

Error Flags for Optical I/O Units and I/O Terminals 24 to 31

07

00 to 03

Data Link setting for operating level 0 of SYSMAC LINK System

04 to 07

Data Link setting for operating level 1 of SYSMAC LINK System

08

Normal TERMINAL Mode/Expansion TERMINAL Mode Input Cancel Bit

09

Expansion TERMINAL Mode Changeover Flag

10 and 11
12

Reserved by system.
Terminal Mode Flag
ON: Expansion; OFF: Normal (Same as status of pin 6 on CPU’s DIP switch)

13

Error History Overwrite Bit

14

Error History Reset Bit

15

Error History Enable Bit

08 to 11

00 to 15

Active Node Flags for SYSMAC LINK System nodes of operating level 0

12 to 15

00 to 15

Active Node Flags for SYSMAC LINK System nodes of operating level 1

16

00 to 15

SYSMAC LINK/SYSMAC NET Link System operating level 0 service time per cycle

17
18

00 to 15

SYSMAC LINK/SYSMAC NET Link System operating level 1 service time per cycle

00 to 07

Seconds: 00 to 99

Writeable

08 to 15

Minutes: 00 to 59

19

00 to 07

Hours: 00 to 23 (24-hour system)

Writeable

08 to 15

Day of Month: 01 to 31 (adjusted by month and for leap year)

20

00 to 07

Month: 1 to 12

Writeable

08 to 15

Year: 00 to 99 (Rightmost two digits of year)

21

00 to 07

Day of Week: 00 to 06 (00: Sunday; 01: Monday; 02: Tuesday; 03: Wednesday; 04:
Thursday; 05: Friday; 06: Saturday)

22

08 to 12
13
14
15
00 to 15

Not used.
30-second Compensation Bit
Clock Stop Bit
Clock Set Bit
Keyboard Mapping

23

00 to 15

Power Off Counter (BCD)

Writeable

49

Section 3-5

AR Area
Word(s)
24

Bit(s)

Function

00 to 04

Reserved by system.

05

Cycle Time Flag

06

SYSMAC LINK System Network Parameter Flag for operating level 1

07

SYSMAC LINK System Network Parameter Flag for operating level 0

08

SYSMAC/SYSMAC NET Link Unit Level 1 Mounted Flag

09

SYSMAC/SYSMAC NET Link Unit Level 0 Mounted Flag

10
11 and 12
13

Reserved by system.
PC Link Level
Rack-mounting Host Link Unit Level 1 Mounted Flag

14

Rack-mounting Host Link Unit Level 0 Mounted Flag

15

CPU-mounting Device Mounted Flag

25

00 to 11

Reserved by system.

26

12
13
14
15
00 to 15

Trace End Flag
Tracing Flag
Trace Trigger Bit (writeable)
Trace Start Bit (writeable)
Maximum Cycle Time (0.1 ms)

27

00 to 15

Present Cycle Time (0.1 ms)

3-5-1 Restarting Special I/O Units
To restart Special I/O Units (including PC Link Units) turn the corresponding bit
ON and OFF (or turn power ON and OFF). Do not access data refreshed for Special I/O Units during restart processing (see SR 27400 to SR 27409 on page 37).

3-5-2 Slave Rack Error Flags
AR bits 0200 to AR 0204 correspond to the unit numbers of Remote I/O Slave
Units #0 to #4 and AR bits 0710 to AR 0712 correspond to the unit numbers of
Remote I/O Slave Units #5 to #7. These flags will turn ON if the same number is
allocated to more then one Slave or if a transmission error occurs when starting
the System. Refer to SR 251 for errors that occur after the System has started
normally.

3-5-3 Group-2 Error Flags
AR bits 0205 to AR 0215 correspond to Group-2 High-density I/O Units and B7A
Interface Units 0 to 9 (I/O numbers) and will turn ON when the same number is
set for more than one Unit, when the same word is allocated to more than one
Unit, when I/O number 9 is set for a 64-point Unit, or when the fuse burns out in a
Transistor High-density I/O Unit. AR bit 0215 will turn ON when a Unit is not recognized as a Group-2 High-density I/O Unit.

3-5-4 Optical I/O Unit and I/O Terminal Error Flags
AR 03 through AR 06 contain the Error Flags for Optical I/O Units and I/O Terminals. An error indicates a duplication of a unit number. Up to 64 Optical I/O Units
and I/O Terminals can be connected to the PC. Units are distinguished by unit

50

Section 3-5

AR Area

number, 0 through 31, and a letter, L or H. Bits are allocated as shown in the following table.
Optical I/O Unit and I/O
Terminal Error Flags

Bits

AR03
allocation

AR04
allocation

AR05
allocation

AR06
allocation

00

0L

8L

16 L

24 L

01

0H

8H

16 H

24 H

02

1L

9L

17 L

25 L

03

1H

9H

17 H

25 H

04

2L

10 L

18 L

26 L

05

2H

10 H

18 H

26 H

06

3L

11 L

19 L

27 L

07

3H

11 H

19 H

27 H

08

4L

12 L

20 L

28 L

09

4H

12 H

20 H

28 H

10

5L

13 L

21 L

29 L

11

5H

13 H

21 H

29 H

12

6L

14 L

22 L

30 L

13

6H

14 H

22 H

30 H

14

7L

15 L

23 L

31 L

15

7H

15 H

23 H

31 H

3-5-5 SYSMAC LINK System Data Link Settings
AR 0700 to AR 0703 and AR 0704 to AR 0707 are used to designate word allocations for operating levels 0 and 1 of the SYSMAC LINK System. Allocation can
be set to occur either according to settings from an FIT or automatically in the LR
and/or DM areas. If automatic allocation is designated, the number of words to
be allocated to each node is also designated. These settings are shown below.
External/Automatic
Allocation

Words per Node

Operating level 0
AR 0700

Operating level 1

AR 0701

AR 0704

Setting

AR 0705

0

0

0

0

Words set externally (FIT)

1

0

1

0

Automatic

LR area only

0

1

0

1

allocation

DM area only

1

1

1

1

LR and DM
areas

The following setting is necessary if automatic allocation is designated above.
Operating level 0
AR 0702

Operating level 1

Words per node
LR area

DM area

Max. no.
of nodes

AR 0703

AR 0706

AR 0707

0

0

0

0

4

8

16

1

0

1

0

8

16

8

0

1

0

1

16

32

4

1

1

1

1

32

64

2

The above settings are read every cycle while the SYSMAC LINK System is in
operation.

3-5-6 Error History Bits
AR 0713 (Error History Overwrite Bit) is turned ON or OFF by the user to control
overwriting of records in the Error History Area in the DM area. Turn AR 0713 ON
to overwrite the oldest error record each time an error occurs after 10 have been
recorded. Turn OFF AR 0713 to store only the first 10 records that occur each
time after the history area is cleared.

51

Section 3-5

AR Area

AR 0714 (Error History Reset Bit) is turned ON and then OFF by the user to reset
the Error Record Pointer (DM 0969) and thus restart recording error records at
the beginning of the history area.
AR 0715 (Error History Enable Bit) is turned ON by the user to enable error history storage and turned OFF to disable error history storage.
Refer to 3-6 DM Area for details on the Error History Area.
Error history bits are refreshed each cycle.

3-5-7 Active Node Flags
AR 08 through AR 11 and AR 12 through AR 15 provide flags that indicate which
nodes are active in the SYSMAC LINK System at the current time. These flags
are refreshed every cycle while the SYSMAC LINK System is operating.
The body of the following table show the node number assigned to each bit. If the
bit is ON, the node is currently active.
Level 0

Level 1

Bit (body of table shows node numbers)
00

01

02

03

04

09

10

AR 08

AR 12

1

2

3

4

5

6

05

7

06

8

07

9

08

10

11

12

11

13

12

14

13

15

14

16

15

AR 09

AR 13

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

AR 10

AR 14

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

40

41

42

43

44

45

46

47

48

AR 11

AR 15

49

50

51

52

53

54

55

56

57

58

59

60

61

62

*

**

*Communication Controller Error Flag
**EEPROM Error Flag

3-5-8 SYSMAC LINK/SYSMAC NET Link System Service Time
AR 16 provides the time allocated to servicing operating level 0 of the SYSMAC
LINK System and/or SYSMAC NET Link System during each cycle when a SYSMAC LINK Unit and/or SYSMAC NET Link Unit is mounted to a Rack.
AR 17 provides the time allocated to servicing operating level 1 of the SYSMAC
LINK System and/or SYSMAC NET Link System during each cycle when a SYSMAC LINK Unit and/or SYSMAC NET Link Unit is mounted to a Rack.
These times are recorded in 4-digit BCD to tenths of a millisecond (000.0 ms to
999.9 ms) and are refreshed every cycle.
Bits
15 to 12

11 to 08

07 to 04

03 to 00

102

101

100

10–1

3-5-9 Calendar/Clock Area and Bits
Calendar/Clock Area

A clock is built into the C200HS CPUs. If AR 2114 (Clock Stop Bit) is OFF, then
the date, day, and time will be available in BCD in AR 18 to AR 20 and AR 2100 to
AR 2108 as shown below. This area can also be controlled with AR 2113 (30-second Compensation Bit) and AR 2115 (Clock Set Bit).

Calendar/Clock Bits
Bits
AR 1800 to AR 1807
AR 1808 to AR 1815
AR 1900 to AR 1907
AR 1908 to AR 1915
AR 2000 to AR 2007
AR 2008 to AR 2015
AR 2100 to AR 2107

52

Contents
Seconds
Minutes
Hours
Day of month
Month
Year
Day of week

Possible values
00 to 59
00 to 59
00 to 23 (24-hour system)
01 to 31 (adjusted by month and for leap year)
1 to 12
00 to 99 (Rightmost two digits of year)
00 to 06 (00: Sunday; 01: Monday; 02: Tuesday; 03: Wednesday; 04:
Thursday; 05: Friday; 06: Saturday)

Section 3-5

AR Area

30-second Compensation Bit AR 2113 is turned ON to round the seconds of the Calendar/clock Area to zero,
i.e., if the seconds is 29 or less, it is merely set to 00; if the seconds is 30 or greater, the minutes is incremented by 1 and the seconds is set to 00.
Clock Stop Bit

AR 2114 is turned OFF to enable the operation of the Calendar/clock Area and
ON to stop the operation.

Clock Set Bit

AR 2115 is used to set the Calendar/clock Area as described below. This data
must be in BCD and must be set within the limits for the Calendar/clock Area
given above.

1, 2, 3...

Clock Accuracy

1. Turn ON AR 2114 (Stop Bit).
2. Set the desired date, day, and time, being careful not to turn OFF AR 2114
(Clock Stop Bit) when setting the day of the week (they’re in the same word).
(On the Programming Console, the Bit/Digit Monitor and Force Set/Reset
Operations are the easiest ways to set this data.)
3. Turn ON AR 2115 (Clock Set Bit). The Calendar/clock will automatically start
operating with the designated settings and AR 2114 and AR 2115 will both
be turned OFF.
The Calendar/clock Area and Bits are refreshed each cycle while operational.
Clock accuracy is affected by the ambient temperature as shown in the following
table.
Ambient
temperature

Accuracy (loss or
gain per month)

55°C

–3 to 0 minutes

25°C

±1 minute

0°C

–2 to 0 minutes

3-5-10 TERMINAL Mode Key Bits
If the Programming Console is mounted to the PC and is in TERMINAL mode,
any inputs on keys 0 through 9 (including characters A through F, i.e, keys 0
through 5 with SHIFT) will turn on a corresponding bit in AR 22. TERMINAL
mode is entered by a Programming Console operation.
The bits in AR 22 correspond to Programming Console inputs as follows:
Bit
AR 2200
AR 2201
AR 2202
AR 2203
AR 2204
AR 2205
AR 2206
AR 2207
AR 2208
AR 2209
AR 2210
AR 2211
AR 2212
AR 2213
AR 2214
AR 2215

Programming Console input
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
A
B
C
D
E
F

Refer to Section 7 Program Monitoring and Execution for details on the TERMINAL mode.

53

Section 3-5

AR Area

3-5-11 Power OFF Counter
AR 23 provides in 4-digit BCD the number of times that the PC power has been
turned off. This counter can be reset as necessary using the PV Change 1 operation from the Programming Console. (Refer to 7-1-4 Hexadecimal/BCD Data
Modification for details.) The Power OFF Counter is refreshed every time power
is turned on.

3-5-12 Cycle Time Flag
AR 2405 turns ON when the cycle time set with SCAN(18) is shorter than the
actual cycle time.
AR 2405 is refreshed every cycle while the PC is in RUN or MONITOR mode.

3-5-13 Link Unit Mounted Flags
The following flags indicate when the specified Link Units are mounted to the
Racks. (Refer to 3-5-14 CPU-mounting Device Mounted Flag for CPU-mounting
Host Link Units.) These flags are refreshed every cycle.
Name
PC Link Unit Level 1
PC Link Unit Level 0
Rack-mounting Host Link Unit Level 1
Rack-mounting Host Link Unit Level 0

Bit
AR 2411
AR 2412
AR 2413
AR 2414

Link Unit
PC Link Unit in operating level 1
PC Link Unit in operating level 0
Rack-mounting Host Link Unit in operating level 1
Rack-mounting Host Link Unit in operating level 0

3-5-14 CPU-mounting Device Mounted Flag
AR 2415 turns ON when any device is mounted directly to the CPU. This includes CPU-mounting Host Link Units, Programming Consoles, and Interface
Units. This flag is refreshed every cycle.

3-5-15 FPD Trigger Bit
AR 2508 is used to adjust the monitoring time of FPD(––) automatically. Refer to
5-25-12 FAILURE POINT DETECT – FPD(––) for details.

3-5-16 Data Tracing Flags and Control Bits
The following control bits and flags are used during data tracing with TRSM(45).
The Tracing Flag will be ON during tracing operations. The Trace Completed
Flag will turn ON when enough data has been traced to fill Trace Memory.
Bit

Name

AR 2512

Trace Completed Flag

AR 2513

Tracing Flag

AR 2514

Trace Trigger Bit (writeable)

AR 2515

Sampling Start Bit (writeable)

Note Refer to 5-25-3 TRACE MEMORY SAMPLING – TRSM(45) for details.

3-5-17 Cycle Time Indicators
AR 26 contains the maximum cycle time that has occurred since program execution was begun. AR 27 contains the present cycle time.
Both times are to tenths of a millisecond in 4-digit BCD (000.0 ms to 999.9 ms),
and are refreshed every cycle.

54

Section 3-6

DM Area

3-6

DM (Data Memory) Area
The DM area is divided into various parts as described in the following table. A
portion of UM (up to 3,000 words in 1,000-word increments) can be allocated as
Expansion DM.
Addresses
DM 0000 to DM 0999
DM 1000 to DM 1999
DM 2000 to DM 5999
DM 6000 to DM 6030
DM 6100 to DM 6143
DM 6144 to DM 6599
DM 6600 to DM 6655
DM 7000 to DM 9999

Note

User
read/write
Read/Write

Read only

Usage
Normal DM.
Special I/O Unit Area1
Normal DM.
History Log
Link test area (reserved)
System Settings
PC Setup
Expansion DM2

1. The PC Setup can be set to use DM 7000 through DM 7999 as the Special
I/O Area instead of DM 1000 to DM 1999. Refer to 3-6-4 PC Setup for details.
2. The UM ALLOCATION Programming Console operation can be used to allocate up to 3000 words of UM as Expansion DM.
Although composed of 16-bit words like any other data area, data in the DM area
cannot be specified by bit for use in instructions with bit operands. DM 0000 to
DM 6143 can be written to by the program, but DM 6144 to DM 6655 can be overwritten only from a Peripheral Device, such as a Programming Console or host
computer with LSS.
The DM area retains status during power interruptions.

Indirect Addressing

Normally, when the content of a data area word is specified for an instruction, the
instruction is performed directly on the content of that word. For example, suppose MOV(21) is performed with DM 0100 as the first operand and LR 20 as the
second operand. When this instruction is executed, the content of DM 0100 is
moved to LR 20.
Note Expansion DM cannot be used for indirect addressing.
It is possible, however, to use indirect DM addresses as the operands for many
instructions. To indicate an indirect DM address, :DM is input with the address
of the operand. With an indirect address, with content of this operand does not
contain the actual data to be used. Instead, it’s contents is assumed to hold the
address of another DM word, the content of which will actually be used in the
instruction. If :DM 0100 was used in our example above and the content of DM
0100 is 0324, then :DM 0100 actually means that the content of DM 0324 is to
be used as the operand in the instruction, and the content of DM 0324 will be
moved to LR 20.
MOV(21)
:DM 0100
LR 00

Indirect
address

Word
DM 0099
DM 0100
DM 0101

Content
4C59
0324
F35A

DM 0324
DM 0325
DM 0326

5555
2506
D541

Indicates
DM 0324

5555 moved
to LR 00.

55

Section 3-6

DM Area

3-6-1 Expansion DM Area
The expansion DM area is designed to provide memory space for storing operating parameters and other operating data for Link Units and Special I/O Units.
Up to 3,000 words of UM can be allocated as Expansion DM (in 1K-word increments) using the UM ALLOCATION operation in the Programming Console or
LSS. Expansion DM area addresses run from DM 7000 to DM 9999.
The data in the expansion DM area can be transferred to the Special I/O Unit
Default Area (DM 1000 to DM 1999) when starting the PC or via programming
instruction to easily change operating parameters, enabling rapid switching between control processes. The expansion DM area can also be used to store parameters for other devices connected in the PC system, e.g., Programmable
Terminal character string or numeral tables.
The expansion DM area is used to store operating parameters and cannot be
used in programming like the normal DM area. Expansion DM can only be overwritten from a Peripheral Device, retains status during power interruptions, and
cannot be used for indirect addressing.
The UM area can be allocated as expansion DM area in increments of 1K words.
Once expansion DM area has been created, it is saved and transferred as part of
the program, i.e., no special procedures are required when saving or transferring the program.
UM ALLOCATION Operation

1, 2, 3...

The procedure for the Programming Console’s UM ALLOCATION operation is
shown below. Refer to 1-8-10 New Programming Console Operations for details
on the DATA CLEAR and UM ALLOCATION instructions.
1. Clear memory.

CLR

SET

NOT

RESET

EXT

MONTR

Note UM allocation is not possible unless memory is cleared first.
2. The expansion DM area can be set to 0, 1, 2, or 3 K words. The following key
sequence creates a 2-KW expansion DM area (DM 7000 to DM 8999).

CLR

FUN

VER

CHG

2

SET

9

7

1

3

WRITE

Press the 0 Key to eliminate the expansion DM area (0 KW).
or Press the 1 Key to allocate DM 7000 to DM 7999 (1 KW).
or Press the 2 Key to allocate DM 7000 to DM 8999 (2 KW).
or Press the 3 Key to allocate DM 7000 to DM 9999 (3 KW).

3-6-2 Special I/O Unit Data
Special I/O Units are allocated 1000 words in the DM Area as shown in the following table. The value set in the PC Setup (DM 6602 bits 08 to 15) determines

56

Section 3-6

DM Area

whether DM 1000 to DM 1999 or DM 7000 to 7999 will be used. Refer to 3-6-4
PC Setup for details.
Unit
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Addresses
DM 1000 to DM 1099 or DM 7000 to DM 7099
DM 1100 to DM 1199 or DM 7100 to DM 7199
DM 1200 to DM 1299 or DM 7200 to DM 7299
DM 1300 to DM 1399 or DM 7300 to DM 7399
DM 1400 to DM 1499 or DM 7400 to DM 7499
DM 1500 to DM 1599 or DM 7500 to DM 7599
DM 1600 to DM 1699 or DM 7600 to DM 7699
DM 1700 to DM 1799 or DM 7700 to DM 7799
DM 1800 to DM 1899 or DM 7800 to DM 7899
DM 1900 to DM 1999 or DM 7900 to DM 7999

Note These DM words can be used for other purposes when not allocated to Special
I/O Units.

3-6-3 Error History Area
DM 6000 to DM 6030 are used to store up to 10 records that show the nature,
time, and date of errors that have occurred in the PC.
The Error History Area will store system-generated or FAL(06)/FALS(07)-generated error codes whenever AR 0715 (Error History Enable Bit) is ON. Refer to
Section 10 Troubleshooting for details on error codes.
Area Structure

Error records occupy three words each stored between DM 6001 and DM 6030.
The last record that was stored can be obtained via the content of DM 6000 (Error Record Pointer). The record number, DM words, and pointer value for each of
the ten records are as follows:
Record
None
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

Addresses

Pointer value

N.A.
DM 6001 to DM 6003
DM 6004 to DM 6006
DM 6007 to DM 6009
DM 6010 to DM 6012
DM 6013 to DM 6015
DM 6016 to DM 6018
DM 6019 to DM 6021
DM 6022 to DM 6024
DM 6025 to DM 6027
DM 6028 to DM 6030

0000
0001
0002
0003
0004
0005
0006
0007
0008
0009
000A

Although each of them contains a different record, the structure of each record is
the same: the first word contains the error code; the second and third words, the
day and time. The error code will be either one generated by the system or by
FAL(06)/FALS(07); the time and date will be the date and time from AR 18 and
AR 19 (Calender/date Area). Also recorded with the error code is an indication of
whether the error is fatal (08) or non-fatal (00). This structure is shown below.
Word
First
Second
Third

Bit
00 to 07
08 to 15
00 to 07
08 to 15
00 to 07
08 to 15

Content
Error code
00 (non-fatal) or 80 (fatal)
Seconds
Minutes
Hours
Day of month

57

Section 3-6

DM Area

The following table lists the possible error codes and corresponding errors.
Error severity
Fatal errors

Non-fatal errors

Operation

Error code

Error

00

Power Interruption

01 to 99

System error (FALS)

9F

Cycle time error

C0 to C2

I/O bus error

E0

Input-output I/O table error

E1

Too many Units

F0

No END(01) instruction

F1

Memory error

01 to 99

System error (FAL)

8A

Interrupt Input error

8B

Interrupt program error

9A

Group 2 High-density I/O error

9B

PC Setup error

9D

UM Memory Cassette transfer error

B0 to B1

Remote I/O error

D0

Special I/O error

E7

I/O table verification error

F7

Battery error

F8

Cycle time overrun

When the first error code is generated with AR 0715 (Error History Enable Bit)
turned ON, the relevant data will be placed in the error record after the one indicated by the History Record Pointer (initially this will be record 1) and the Pointer
will be incremented. Any other error codes generated thereafter will be placed in
consecutive records until the last one is used. Processing of further error records
is based on the status of AR 0713 (Error History Overwrite Bit).
If AR 0713 is ON and the Pointer contains 000A, the next error will be written into
record 10, the contents of record 10 will be moved to record 9, and so on until the
contents of record 1 is moved off the end and lost, i.e., the area functions like a
shift register. The Record Pointer will remain set to 000A.
If AR 0713 is OFF and the Pointer reaches 000A, the contents of the Error History Error will remain as it is and any error codes generate thereafter will not be
recorded until AR 0713 is turned OFF or until the Error History Area is reset.
The Error History Area can be reset by turning ON and then OFF
AR 0714 (Error History Reset Bit). When this is done, the Record Pointer will be
reset to 0000, the Error History Area will be reset (i.e., cleared), and any further
error codes will be recorded from the beginning of the Error History Area.
AR 0715 (Error History Enable Bit) must be ON to reset the Error History Area.

3-6-4 PC Setup
The PC Setup contains settings that determine C200HS operation. Data in the
PC Setup can be changed with a Programming Console or LSS if UM is not
write-protected by pin 1 of the CPU’s DIP switch. Refer to page 23 for details on
changing DIP switch pin settings.
The PC can be operated with the default PC Setup, which requires changing
only when customizing the PC’s operating environment to application needs.
The PC Setup parameters are described in the following table. Refer to Appendix E PC Setup for more details on these parameters.

58

Section 3-6

DM Area
The PC Setup is allocated to DM 6600 through DM 6655.
Parameter

Default

Settings

Remarks

STARTUP MODE
STARTUP
MODE

FORCED
STATUS

IOM HOLD BIT
STATUS

Programming Programming Console
Console
mode selector, previous
mode selector mode (i.e., the mode in
use last time power was
interrupted), PROGRAM,
MONITOR, or RUN
Don’t hold
Hold or don’t hold

Determines the operating mode the PC will start in
when power is turned ON.
This setting is required for restart continuation.
Setting is effective from next time power is turned on
to the PC.
Determines whether or not the status of the Forced
Status Hold Bit is maintained after power interruptions.
If the status of the Forced Status Hold Bit is not set to
be held, it will be turned OFF the next time the PC is
started and forced status will be cleared.
Setting is effective from next time power is turned on
to the PC.
Determines whether or not the status of the IOM Hold
Bit is maintained after power interruptions. If the status
of the IOM Hold Bit is not set to be held, it will be
turned OFF the next time the PC is started and I/O
status will be cleared.
This setting is required for restart continuation.
Setting is effective from next time power is turned on
to the PC.

Don’t hold

Hold or don’t hold

CYCLE TIME

Variable

Variable or minimum
Minimum setting: 1 to
9,999 ms

Determines whether or not a minimum cycle time is to
be used for user program execution. If a minimum time
is set, the PC will wait until the minimum time has
expired before starting program execution again. The
entire program will be executed even if the minimum
time is exceeded.
This setting can be used to reduce variations in I/O
response times.
An error of approximately 3 to 4 ms, plus the execution
time required for any interrupt programs, can occur.
Setting is effective immediately.

Detect Long
Cycles

120 ms

0 to 99,000 ms

If the set time is exceeded, the Cycle Time Exceeded
Flag will turn ON and a fatal error will occur.
An error of approximately 3 to 4 ms can occur.
Setting is effective immediately.

METHOD

Host link

Host Link, RS-232C with
no protocol, 1:1 link
master, or 1:1 link slave

NODE NO
DELAY
START CODE
END CODE
DATA LINK
AREAS

0
0
None
None
None

00 to 31
0 to 9,999 ms
00 to FF
00 to FF or CR, LF
LR 00 to LR 63, LR 00 to
LR 31, or LR 00 to LR 15

Determines the settings used when a device, such as
a Programmable Terminal or bar code reader is
connected to the RS-232C port.
Do not set the node number to a number already used
by another Unit connected in the same
communications system (e.g., Host Link System). All
other settings must match those of the device being
communicated with.
S tti
ff ti immediately.
i
di t l
Settings
are effective

BAUD RATE

9,600 bps

1200, 2400, 4800, 9600,
or 19200

RS-232C SETUP

STOP BITS
2 bits
PARITY
Even parity
DATA LENGTH 7 bits
PC SETUP, HEX
INPUT

1 or 2 bits
Even, odd, or none
7 or 8 bits

Used to set the above parameters on a binary display.

59

Section 3-8

TC Area

3-7

HR (Holding Relay) Area
The HR area is used to store/manipulate various kinds of data and can be accessed either by word or by bit. Word addresses range from HR 00 through HR
99; bit addresses, from HR 0000 through HR 9915. HR bits can be used in any
order required and can be programmed as often as required.
The HR area retains status when the system operating mode is changed, when
power is interrupted, or when PC operation is stopped.
HR area bits and words can be used to preserve data whenever PC operation is
stopped. HR bits also have various special applications, such as creating latching relays with the Keep instruction and forming self-holding outputs. These are
discussed in Section 4 Writing and Inputting the Program and Section 5 Instruction Set.
Note The required number of words is allocated between HR 00 and HR 42 for routing
tables and to monitor timers when using SYSMAC NET Systems.

3-8

TC (Timer/Counter) Area
The TC area is used to create and program timers and counters and holds the
Completion flags, set values (SV), and present values (PV) for all timers and
counters. All of these are accessed through TC numbers ranging from TC 000
through TC 511. Each TC number is defined as either a timer or counter using
one of the following instructions: TIM, TIMH, CNT, CNTR(12), and TTIM(87). No
prefix is required when using a TC number in a timer or counter instruction.
Once a TC number has been defined using one of these instructions, it cannot
be redefined elsewhere in the program either using the same or a different instruction. If the same TC number is defined in more than one of these instructions or in the same instruction twice, an error will be generated during the program check. There are no restrictions on the order in which TC numbers can be
used.
Once defined, a TC number can be designated as an operand in one or more of
certain set of instructions other than those listed above. When defined as a timer,
a TC number designated as an operand takes a TIM prefix. The TIM prefix is
used regardless of the timer instruction that was used to define the timer. Once
defined as a counter, the TC number designated as an operand takes a CNT
prefix. The CNT is also used regardless of the counter instruction that was used
to define the counter.
TC numbers can be designated for operands that require bit data or for operands
that require word data. When designated as an operand that requires bit data,
the TC number accesses the completion flag of the timer or counter. When designated as an operand that requires word data, the TC number accesses a memory location that holds the PV of the timer or counter.
TC numbers are also used to access the SV of timers and counters from a Programming Device. The procedures for doing so using the Programming Console
are provided in 7-1 Monitoring Operation and Modifying Data.
The TC area retains the SVs of both timers and counters during power interruptions. The PVs of timers are reset when PC operation is begun and when reset in
interlocked program sections. Refer to 5-10 INTERLOCK and INTERLOCK
CLEAR – IL(02) and ILC(03) for details on timer and counter operation in interlocked program sections. The PVs of counters are not reset at these times.
Note that in programming “TIM 000” is used to designate three things: the Timer
instruction defined with TC number 000, the completion flag for this timer, and
the PV of this timer. The meaning in context should be clear, i.e., the first is always an instruction, the second is always a bit, and the third is always a word.
The same is true of all other TC numbers prefixed with TIM or CNT.

60

Section 3-11

TR Area

3-9

LR (Link Relay) Area
The LR area is used as a common data area to transfer information between
PCs. This data transfer is achieved through a PC Link System.
Certain words will be allocated as the write words of each PC. These words are
written by the PC and automatically transferred to the same LR words in the
other PCs in the System. The write words of the other PCs are transferred in as
read words so that each PC can access the data written by the other PCs in the
PC Link System. Only the write words allocated to the particular PC will be available for writing; all other words may be read only. Refer to the PC Link System
Manual for details.
The LR area is accessible either by bit or by word. LR area word addresses
range from LR 00 to LR 63; LR area bit addresses, from LR 0000 to LR 6315. Any
part of the LR area that is not used by the PC Link System can be used as work
words or work bits.
LR area data is not retained when the power is interrupted, when the PC is
changed to PROGRAM mode, or when it is reset in an interlocked program section. Refer to 5-10 INTERLOCK and INTERLOCK CLEAR – IL(02) and ILC(03)
for details on interlocks.

3-10 UM Area
With the C200HS, the UM area is defined as the part of memory that can be converted and transferred to ROM. The UM area is 16 KW of RAM which is backed
up by the CPU’s battery. Some of the UM area is reserved to system use, so
15,488 words can be used by the operator. The structure of the C200HS DM and
UM areas is shown in the following illustration.
DM 0000

DM 6144

DM 6600

DM 6655

PC Setup

Special I/O Unit Default Area
DM 1000 to DM 1999

DM 7000

Reserved

DM 9999
Expansion
DM Area

I/O Comment
Area

Ladder program

Variable size
Fixed DM Area

Normal DM Area

Ladder Program Area (15.1 KW)
UM Area (16.0 KW)

Note Allocating UM area for an expansion DM and/or I/O Comment Area will reduce
program capacity. Check program capacity requirements before allocating the
UM area.

3-11 TR (Temporary Relay) Area
The TR area provides eight bits that are used only with the LD and OUT instructions to enable certain types of branching ladder diagram programming. The use
of TR bits is described in Section 4 Writing and Inputting the Program.
TR addresses range from TR 0 though TR 7. Each of these bits can be used as
many times as required and in any order required as long as the same LR bit is
not used twice in the same instruction block.

61

SECTION 4
Writing and Inputting the Program
This section explains the basic steps and concepts involved in writing a basic ladder diagram program, inputting the program
into memory, and executing it. It introduces the instructions that are used to build the basic structure of the ladder diagram and
control its execution. The entire set of instructions used in programming is described in Section 5 Instruction Set.

4-1

Basic Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

64

4-2

Instruction Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

64

4-3

Program Capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

65

4-4

Basic Ladder Diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-4-1
Basic Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-4-2
Mnemonic Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-4-3
Ladder Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-4-4
OUTPUT and OUTPUT NOT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-4-5
The END Instruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-4-6
Logic Block Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-4-7
Coding Multiple Right-hand Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

65
66
66
67
70
70
71
78

4-5

The Programming Console . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-5-1
The Keyboard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-5-2
PC Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-5-3
The Display Message Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

78
78
80
80

4-6

Preparation for Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-6-1
Entering the Password . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-6-2
Buzzer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-6-3
Clearing Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-6-4
Registering the I/O Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-6-5
Clearing Error Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-6-6
Verifying the I/O Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-6-7
Reading the I/O Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-6-8
Clearing the I/O Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-6-9
SYSMAC NET Link Table Transfer (CPU31/33-E Only) . . . . . . . . . .

80
81
81
82
84
85
86
87
89
90

4-7

Inputting, Modifying, and Checking the Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-7-1
Setting and Reading from Program Memory Address . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-7-2
Entering and Editing Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-7-3
Checking the Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-7-4
Displaying the Cycle Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-7-5
Program Searches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-7-6
Inserting and Deleting Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-7-7
Branching Instruction Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-7-8
Jumps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

92
92
93
96
98
99
100
103
107

4-8

Controlling Bit Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-8-1
DIFFERENTIATE UP and DIFFERENTIATE DOWN . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-8-2
KEEP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-8-3
Self-maintaining Bits (Seal) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

108
109
109
109

4-9

Work Bits (Internal Relays) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

110

4-10

Programming Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

112

4-11

Program Execution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

114

63

Section 4-2

Instruction Terminology

4-1

Basic Procedure
There are several basic steps involved in writing a program. Sheets that can be
copied to aid in programming are provided in Appendix F Word Assignment Recording Sheets and Appendix G Program Coding Sheet.

1, 2, 3...

4-2

1. Obtain a list of all I/O devices and the I/O points that have been assigned to
them and prepare a table that shows the I/O bit allocated to each I/O device.
2. If the PC has any Units that are allocated words in data areas other than the
IR area or are allocated IR words in which the function of each bit is specified
by the Unit, prepare similar tables to show what words are used for which
Units and what function is served by each bit within the words. These Units
include Special I/O Units and Link Units.
3. Determine what words are available for work bits and prepare a table in
which you can allocate these as you use them.
4. Also prepare tables of TC numbers and jump numbers so that you can allocate these as you use them. Remember, the function of a TC number can be
defined only once within the program; jump numbers 01 through 99 can be
used only once each. (TC number are described in 5-14 Timer and Counter
Instructions; jump numbers are described later in this section.)
5. Draw the ladder diagram.
6. Input the program into the CPU. When using the Programming Console, this
will involve converting the program to mnemonic form.
7. Check the program for syntax errors and correct these.
8. Execute the program to check for execution errors and correct these.
9. After the entire Control System has been installed and is ready for use, execute the program and fine tune it if required.
10. Make a backup copy of the program.
The basics of ladder-diagram programming and conversion to mnemonic code
are described in 4-4 Basic Ladder Diagrams. Preparing for and inputting the program via the Programming Console are described in 4-5 The Programming
Console through 4-7 Inputting, Modifying, and Checking the Program. The rest
of Section 4 covers more advanced programming, programming precautions,
and program execution. All special application instructions are covered in Section 5 Instruction Set. Debugging is described in Section 7 Program Monitoring
and Execution. Section 10 Troubleshooting also provides information required
for debugging.

Instruction Terminology
There are basically two types of instructions used in ladder-diagram programming: instructions that correspond to the conditions on the ladder diagram and
are used in instruction form only when converting a program to mnemonic code
and instructions that are used on the right side of the ladder diagram and are
executed according to the conditions on the instruction lines leading to them.
Most instructions have at least one or more operands associated with them. Operands indicate or provide the data on which an instruction is to be performed.
These are sometimes input as the actual numeric values, but are usually the addresses of data area words or bits that contain the data to be used. For instance,
a MOVE instruction that has IR 000 designated as the source operand will move
the contents of IR 000 to some other location. The other location is also designated as an operand. A bit whose address is designated as an operand is called
an operand bit; a word whose address is designated as an operand is called an
operand word. If the actual value is entered as a constant, it is preceded by # to
indicate that it is not an address.
Other terms used in describing instructions are introduced in Section 5 Instruction Set.

64

Section 4-4

Basic Ladder Diagrams

4-3

Program Capacity
The maximum user program size varies with the amount of UM allocated to expansion DM and the I/O Comment Area. Approximately 10.1 KW are available
for the ladder program when 3 KW are allocated to expansion DM and 2 KW are
allocated to I/O comments as shown below. Refer to the 3-10 UM Area for further
information on UM allocation.
DM
6144

DM
6600

DM
6655

PC
Setup

DM
7000

DM
9999
Expansion
DM Area

Reserved

I/O Comment
Area

Ladder program

Variable size
Fixed DM Area

4-4

Ladder Program Area (15.1 KW)

Basic Ladder Diagrams
A ladder diagram consists of one line running down the left side with lines
branching off to the right. The line on the left is called the bus bar; the branching
lines, instruction lines or rungs. Along the instruction lines are placed conditions
that lead to other instructions on the right side. The logical combinations of these
conditions determine when and how the instructions at the right are executed. A
ladder diagram is shown below.
00000 06315

25208

HR 0109

LR 2503

24400

24401
Instruction

00001

00100 00002

00501

00003 HR 0050

00502

00007 TIM 001 LR 0515

00503

00504

00403

00405
Instruction

00010

21001

21002

00011

21005

21007

As shown in the diagram above, instruction lines can branch apart and they can
join back together. The vertical pairs of lines are called conditions. Conditions
without diagonal lines through them are called normally open conditions and
correspond to a LOAD, AND, or OR instruction. The conditions with diagonal
lines through them are called normally closed conditions and correspond to a
LOAD NOT, AND NOT, or OR NOT instruction. The number above each condition indicates the operand bit for the instruction. It is the status of the bit associated with each condition that determines the execution condition for following
instructions. The way the operation of each of the instructions corresponds to a
condition is described below. Before we consider these, however, there are
some basic terms that must be explained.
Note When displaying ladder diagrams with LSS, a second bus bar will be shown on
the right side of the ladder diagram and will be connected to all instructions on
the right side. This does not change the ladder-diagram program in any functional sense. No conditions can be placed between the instructions on the right
side and the right bus bar, i.e., all instructions on the right must be connected
directly to the right bus bar. Refer to the LSS Operation Manual for details.

65

Section 4-4

Basic Ladder Diagrams

4-4-1 Basic Terms
Normally Open and
Normally Closed
Conditions

Each condition in a ladder diagram is either ON or OFF depending on the status
of the operand bit that has been assigned to it. A normally open condition is ON if
the operand bit is ON; OFF if the operand bit is OFF. A normally closed condition
is ON if the operand bit is OFF; OFF if the operand bit is ON. Generally speaking,
you use a normally open condition when you want something to happen when a
bit is ON, and a normally closed condition when you want something to happen
when a bit is OFF.
00000
Instruction

Instruction is executed
when IR bit 00000 is ON.

Instruction

Instruction is executed
when IR bit 00000 is OFF.

Normally open
condition
00000

Normally closed
condition

Execution Conditions

In ladder diagram programming, the logical combination of ON and OFF conditions before an instruction determines the compound condition under which the
instruction is executed. This condition, which is either ON or OFF, is called the
execution condition for the instruction. All instructions other than LOAD instructions have execution conditions.

Operand Bits

The operands designated for any of the ladder instructions can be any bit in the
IR, SR, HR, AR, LR, or TC areas. This means that the conditions in a ladder diagram can be determined by I/O bits, flags, work bits, timers/counters, etc. LOAD
and OUTPUT instructions can also use TR area bits, but they do so only in special applications. Refer to 4-7-7 Branching Instruction Lines for details.

Logic Blocks

The way that conditions correspond to what instructions is determined by the
relationship between the conditions within the instruction lines that connect
them. Any group of conditions that go together to create a logic result is called a
logic block. Although ladder diagrams can be written without actually analyzing
individual logic blocks, understanding logic blocks is necessary for efficient programming and is essential when programs are to be input in mnemonic code.

4-4-2 Mnemonic Code
The ladder diagram cannot be directly input into the PC via a Programming Console; LSS is required. To input from a Programming Console, it is necessary to
convert the ladder diagram to mnemonic code. The mnemonic code provides
exactly the same information as the ladder diagram, but in a form that can be
typed directly into the PC. Actually you can program directly in mnemonic code,
although it in not recommended for beginners or for complex programs. Also,
regardless of the Programming Device used, the program is stored in memory in
mnemonic form, making it important to understand mnemonic code.
Because of the importance of the Programming Console as a peripheral device
and because of the importance of mnemonic code in complete understanding of
a program, we will introduce and describe the mnemonic code along with the
ladder diagram. Remember, you will not need to use the mnemonic code if you
are inputting via LSS (although you can use it with LSS too, if you prefer).
Program Memory Structure

66

The program is input into addresses in Program Memory. Addresses in Program
Memory are slightly different to those in other memory areas because each address does not necessarily hold the same amount of data. Rather, each address
holds one instruction and all of the definers and operands (described in more
detail later) required for that instruction. Because some instructions require no
operands, while others require up to three operands, Program Memory addresses can be from one to four words long.

Section 4-4

Basic Ladder Diagrams

Program Memory addresses start at 00000 and run until the capacity of Program
Memory has been exhausted. The first word at each address defines the instruction. Any definers used by the instruction are also contained in the first word.
Also, if an instruction requires only a single bit operand (with no definer), the bit
operand is also programmed on the same line as the instruction. The rest of the
words required by an instruction contain the operands that specify what data is
to be used. When converting to mnemonic code, all but ladder diagram instructions are written in the same form, one word to a line, just as they appear in the
ladder diagram symbols. An example of mnemonic code is shown below. The
instructions used in it are described later in the manual.

Address
00000
00001
00002
00003
00004
00005
00006

Instruction
LD
AND
OR
LD NOT
AND
AND LD
MOV(21)

Operands
HR

DM
00007

00008
00009
00010

00011
00012
00013

0001
00001
00002
00100
00101
00102
000
0000

CMP(20)
DM
HR

0000
00
25505
00501

DM
DM

0000
0500
00502
00005
00503

LD
OUT
MOV(21)

DIFU(13)
AND
OUT

The address and instruction columns of the mnemonic code table are filled in for
the instruction word only. For all other lines, the left two columns are left blank. If
the instruction requires no definer or bit operand, the operand column is left
blank for first line. It is a good idea to cross through any blank data column
spaces (for all instruction words that do not require data) so that the data column
can be quickly scanned to see if any addresses have been left out.
When programming, addresses are automatically displayed and do not have to
be input unless for some reason a different location is desired for the instruction.
When converting to mnemonic code, it is best to start at Program Memory address 00000 unless there is a specific reason for starting elsewhere.

4-4-3 Ladder Instructions
The ladder instructions are those instructions that correspond to the conditions
on the ladder diagram. Ladder instructions, either independently or in combination with the logic block instructions described next, form the execution conditions upon which the execution of all other instructions are based.

67

Section 4-4

Basic Ladder Diagrams
LOAD and LOAD NOT

The first condition that starts any logic block within a ladder diagram corresponds to a LOAD or LOAD NOT instruction. Each of these instruction requires
one line of mnemonic code. “Instruction” is used as a dummy instruction in the
following examples and could be any of the right-hand instructions described later in this manual.

00000

A LOAD instruction.

Address

Instruction

00000
00001
00002
00003

LD
Instruction
LD NOT
Instruction

00000

A LOAD NOT instruction.

Operands
00000
00000

When this is the only condition on the instruction line, the execution condition for
the instruction at the right is ON when the condition is ON. For the LOAD instruction (i.e., a normally open condition), the execution condition will be ON when IR
00000 is ON; for the LOAD NOT instruction (i.e., a normally closed condition), it
will be ON when 00000 is OFF.
AND and AND NOT

When two or more conditions lie in series on the same instruction line, the first
one corresponds to a LOAD or LOAD NOT instruction; and the rest of the conditions correspond to AND or AND NOT instructions. The following example
shows three conditions which correspond in order from the left to a LOAD, an
AND NOT, and an AND instruction. Again, each of these instructions requires
one line of mnemonic code.

00000

00100

LR 0000
Instruction

Address

Instruction

00000
00001
00002
00003

LD
AND NOT
AND
Instruction

Operands

LR

00000
00100
0000

The instruction will have an ON execution condition only when all three conditions are ON, i.e., when IR 00000 is ON, IR 00100 is OFF, and LR 0000 is ON.
AND instructions in series can be considered individually, with each taking the
logical AND of the execution condition (i.e., the total of all conditions up to that
point) and the status of the AND instruction’s operand bit. If both of these are ON,
an ON execution condition will be produced for the next instruction. If either is
OFF, the result will also be OFF. The execution condition for the first AND instruction in a series is the first condition on the instruction line.
Each AND NOT instruction in series takes the logical AND of its execution condition and the inverse of its operand bit.

68

Section 4-4

Basic Ladder Diagrams
OR and OR NOT

When two or more conditions lie on separate instruction lines which run in parallel and then join together, the first condition corresponds to a LOAD or LOAD
NOT instruction; the other conditions correspond to OR or OR NOT instructions.
The following example shows three conditions which correspond (in order from
the top) to a LOAD NOT, an OR NOT, and an OR instruction. Again, each of
these instructions requires one line of mnemonic code.
00000
Instruction
00100

LR 0000

Address

Instruction

00000
00001
00002
00003

LD
OR NOT
OR
Instruction

Operands

LR

00000
00100
0000

The instruction will have an ON execution condition when any one of the three
conditions is ON, i.e., when IR 00000 is OFF, when IR 00100 is OFF, or when LR
0000 is ON.
OR and OR NOT instructions can be considered individually, each taking the
logical OR between its execution condition and the status of the OR instruction’s
operand bit. If either one of these were ON, an ON execution condition will be
produced for the next instruction.
Combining AND and OR
Instructions

When AND and OR instructions are combined in more complicated diagrams,
they can sometimes be considered individually, with each instruction performing
a logic operation on the execution condition and the status of the operand bit.
The following is one example. Study this example until you are convinced that
the mnemonic code follows the same logic flow as the ladder diagram.
00000

00001

00002

00003
Instruction

00200

Address

Instruction

00000
00001
00002
00003
00004
00005

LD
AND
OR
AND
AND NOT
Instruction

Operands
00000
00001
00200
00002
00003

Here, an AND is taken between the status of IR 00000 and that of IR 00001 to
determine the execution condition for an OR with the status of IR 00200. The
result of this operation determines the execution condition for an AND with the
status of IR 00002, which in turn determines the execution condition for an AND
with the inverse (i.e., and AND NOT) of the status of IR 00003.
In more complicated diagrams, however, it is necessary to consider logic blocks
before an execution condition can be determined for the final instruction, and
that’s where AND LOAD and OR LOAD instructions are used. Before we consider more complicated diagrams, however, we’ll look at the instructions required to
complete a simple “input-output” program.

69

Section 4-4

Basic Ladder Diagrams

4-4-4 OUTPUT and OUTPUT NOT
The simplest way to output the results of combining execution conditions is to
output it directly with the OUTPUT and OUTPUT NOT. These instructions are
used to control the status of the designated operand bit according to the execution condition. With the OUTPUT instruction, the operand bit will be turned ON
as long as the execution condition is ON and will be turned OFF as long as the
execution condition is OFF. With the OUTPUT NOT instruction, the operand bit
will be turned ON as long as the execution condition is OFF and turned OFF as
long as the execution condition is ON. These appear as shown below. In mnemonic code, each of these instructions requires one line.
Address

00000
00200

00000
00001

Instruction
LD
OUT

Operands
00000
00200

00001
00201

Address

Instruction

00000
00001

LD
OUT NOT

Operands
00001
00201

In the above examples, IR 00200 will be ON as long as IR 00000 is ON and IR
00201 will be OFF as long as IR 00001 is ON. Here, IR 00000 and IR 00001 will
be input bits and IR 00200 and IR 00201 output bits assigned to the Units controlled by the PC, i.e., the signals coming in through the input points assigned IR
00000 and IR 00001 are controlling the output points assigned IR 00200 and IR
00201, respectively.
The length of time that a bit is ON or OFF can be controlled by combining the
OUTPUT or OUTPUT NOT instruction with TIMER instructions. Refer to Examples under 5-14-1 TIMER – TIM for details.

4-4-5 The END Instruction
The last instruction required to complete a simple program is the END instruction. When the CPU cycles the program, it executes all instruction up to the first
END instruction before returning to the beginning of the program and beginning
execution again. Although an END instruction can be placed at any point in a
program, which is sometimes done when debugging, no instructions past the
first END instruction will be executed until it is removed. The number following
the END instruction in the mnemonic code is its function code, which is used
when inputted most instruction into the PC. These are described later. The END
instruction requires no operands and no conditions can be placed on the same
instruction line with it.
00000

00001
Instruction

END(01)

Address

Instruction

00000
00001
00002
00003

LD
AND NOT
Instruction
END(01)

Program execution
ends here.

Operands
00000
00001
---

If there is no END instruction anywhere in the program, the program will not be
executed at all.

70

Section 4-4

Basic Ladder Diagrams

Now you have all of the instructions required to write simple input-output programs. Before we finish with ladder diagram basic and go onto inputting the program into the PC, let’s look at logic block instruction (AND LOAD and OR LOAD),
which are sometimes necessary even with simple diagrams.

4-4-6 Logic Block Instructions
Logic block instructions do not correspond to specific conditions on the ladder
diagram; rather, they describe relationships between logic blocks. The AND
LOAD instruction logically ANDs the execution conditions produced by two logic
blocks. The OR LOAD instruction logically ORs the execution conditions produced by two logic blocks.
AND LOAD

Although simple in appearance, the diagram below requires an AND LOAD instruction.

00000

00002
Instruction
00003

00001

Address
00000
00001
00002
00003
00004

Instruction
LD
OR
LD
OR NOT
AND LD

Operands
00000
00001
00002
00003
---

The two logic blocks are indicated by dotted lines. Studying this example shows
that an ON execution condition will be produced when: either of the conditions in
the left logic block is ON (i.e., when either IR 00000 or IR 00001 is ON), and
when either of the conditions in the right logic block is ON (i.e., when either IR
00002 is ON or IR 00003 is OFF).
The above ladder diagram cannot, however, be converted to mnemonic code
using AND and OR instructions alone. If an AND between IR 00002 and the results of an OR between IR 00000 and IR 00001 is attempted, the OR NOT between IR 00002 and IR 00003 is lost and the OR NOT ends up being an OR NOT
between just IR 00003 and the result of an AND between IR 00002 and the first
OR. What we need is a way to do the OR (NOT)’s independently and then combine the results.
To do this, we can use the LOAD or LOAD NOT instruction in the middle of an
instruction line. When LOAD or LOAD NOT is executed in this way, the current
execution condition is saved in a special buffer and the logic process is restarted. To combine the results of the current execution condition with that of a
previous “unused” execution condition, an AND LOAD or an OR LOAD instruction is used. Here “LOAD” refers to loading the last unused execution condition.
An unused execution condition is produced by using the LOAD or LOAD NOT
instruction for any but the first condition on an instruction line.

71

Section 4-4

Basic Ladder Diagrams

Analyzing the above ladder diagram in terms of mnemonic instructions, the condition for IR 00000 is a LOAD instruction and the condition below it is an OR instruction between the status of IR 00000 and that of IR 00001. The condition at
IR 00002 is another LOAD instruction and the condition below is an OR NOT
instruction, i.e., an OR between the status of IR 00002 and the inverse of the
status of IR 00003. To arrive at the execution condition for the instruction at the
right, the logical AND of the execution conditions resulting from these two blocks
will have to be taken. AND LOAD does this. The mnemonic code for the ladder
diagram is shown below. The AND LOAD instruction requires no operands of its
own, because it operates on previously determined execution conditions. Here
too, dashes are used to indicate that no operands needs designated or input.
OR LOAD

The following diagram requires an OR LOAD instruction between the top logic
block and the bottom logic block. An ON execution condition will be produced for
the instruction at the right either when IR 00000 is ON and IR 00001 is OFF, or
when IR 00002 and IR 00003 are both ON. The operation of the OR LOAD instruction and its mnemonic code is exactly the same as that for an AND LOAD
instruction, except that the current execution condition is ORed with the last unused execution condition.

00000

00001
Instruction

00002

00003

Address

Instruction

00000
00001
00002
00003
00004

LD
AND NOT
LD
AND
OR LD

Operands
00000
00001
00002
00003
---

Naturally, some diagrams will require both AND LOAD and OR LOAD instructions.
Logic Block Instructions in
Series

72

To code diagrams with logic block instructions in series, the diagram must be
divided into logic blocks. Each block is coded using a LOAD instruction to code
the first condition, and then AND LOAD or OR LOAD is used to logically combine
the blocks. With both AND LOAD and OR LOAD there are two ways to achieve
this. One is to code the logic block instruction after the first two blocks and then
after each additional block. The other is to code all of the blocks to be combined,
starting each block with LOAD or LOAD NOT, and then to code the logic block
instructions which combine them. In this case, the instructions for the last pair of
blocks should be combined first, and then each preceding block should be combined, working progressively back to the first block. Although either of these
methods will produce exactly the same result, the second method, that of coding
all logic block instructions together, can be used only if eight or fewer blocks are
being combined, i.e., if seven or fewer logic block instructions are required.

Section 4-4

Basic Ladder Diagrams

The following diagram requires AND LOAD to be converted to mnemonic code
because three pairs of parallel conditions lie in series. The two options for coding
the programs are also shown.
00000

00002

00004
00500

00001

00003

Address

Instruction

00000
00001
00002
00003
00004
00005
00006
00007
00008

LD
OR NOT
LD NOT
OR
AND LD
LD
OR
AND LD
OUT

00005

Operands
00000
00001
00002
00003
—
00004
00005
—
00500

Address
00000
00001
00002
00003
00004
00005
00006
00007
00008

Instruction
LD
OR NOT
LD NOT
OR
LD
OR
AND LD
AND LD
OUT

Operands
00000
00001
00002
00003
00004
00005
—
—
00500

Again, with the method on the right, a maximum of eight blocks can be combined. There is no limit to the number of blocks that can be combined with the
first method.
The following diagram requires OR LOAD instructions to be converted to mnemonic code because three pairs of series conditions lie in parallel to each other.
00000 00001
00501

00002 00003

00040 00005

The first of each pair of conditions is converted to LOAD with the assigned bit
operand and then ANDed with the other condition. The first two blocks can be
coded first, followed by OR LOAD, the last block, and another OR LOAD; or the
three blocks can be coded first followed by two OR LOADs. The mnemonic
codes for both methods are shown below.
Address

Instruction

00000
00001
00002
00003
00004
00005
00006
00007
00008

LD
AND NOT
LD NOT
AND NOT
OR LD
LD
AND
OR LD
OUT

Operands
00000
00001
00002
00003
—
00004
00005
—
00501

Address

Instruction

00000
00001
00002
00003
00004
00005
00006
00007
00008

LD
AND NOT
LD NOT
AND NOT
LD
AND
OR LD
OR LD
OUT

Operands
00000
00001
00002
00003
00004
00005
—
—
00501

Again, with the method on the right, a maximum of eight blocks can be combined. There is no limit to the number of blocks that can be combined with the
first method.
Combining AND LOAD and
OR LOAD

Both of the coding methods described above can also be used when using AND
LOAD and OR LOAD, as long as the number of blocks being combined does not
exceed eight.

73

Section 4-4

Basic Ladder Diagrams

The following diagram contains only two logic blocks as shown. It is not necessary to further separate block b components, because it can be coded directly
using only AND and OR.
00000 00001

00002 00003
00501

00201

00004

Block
a

Block
b

Address

Instruction

00000
00001
00002
00003
00004
00005
00006
00007

LD
AND NOT
LD
AND
OR
OR
AND LD
OUT

Operands
00000
00001
00002
00003
00201
00004
—
00501

Although the following diagram is similar to the one above, block b in the diagram
below cannot be coded without separating it into two blocks combined with OR
LOAD. In this example, the three blocks have been coded first and then OR
LOAD has been used to combine the last two blocks, followed by AND LOAD to
combine the execution condition produced by the OR LOAD with the execution
condition of block a.
When coding the logic block instructions together at the end of the logic blocks
they are combining, they must, as shown below, be coded in reverse order, i.e.,
the logic block instruction for the last two blocks is coded first, followed by the
one to combine the execution condition resulting from the first logic block instruction and the execution condition of the logic block third from the end, and on
back to the first logic block that is being combined.
Block
b1
00000 00001

00002 00003
00502

00004 00202

Block
b2

Block
a

Block
b

Complicated Diagrams

74

Address

Instruction

00000
00001
00002
00003
00004
00005
00006
00007
00008

LD NOT
AND
LD
AND NOT
LD NOT
AND
OR LD
AND LD
OUT

Operands
00000
00001
00002
00003
00004
00202
—
—
00502

When determining what logic block instructions will be required to code a diagram, it is sometimes necessary to break the diagram into large blocks and then
continue breaking the large blocks down until logic blocks that can be coded
without logic block instructions have been formed. These blocks are then coded,
combining the small blocks first, and then combining the larger blocks. Either
AND LOAD or OR LOAD is used to combine the blocks, i.e., AND LOAD or OR
LOAD always combines the last two execution conditions that existed, regardless of whether the execution conditions resulted from a single condition, from
logic blocks, or from previous logic block instructions.

Section 4-4

Basic Ladder Diagrams

When working with complicated diagrams, blocks will ultimately be coded starting at the top left and moving down before moving across. This will generally
mean that, when there might be a choice, OR LOAD will be coded before AND
LOAD.
The following diagram must be broken down into two blocks and each of these
then broken into two blocks before it can be coded. As shown below, blocks a
and b require an AND LOAD. Before AND LOAD can be used, however, OR
LOAD must be used to combine the top and bottom blocks on both sides, i.e., to
combine a1 and a2; b1 and b2.
Block
a1
00000 00001

Block
b1
00004 00005
00503

00002 00003

00006 00007

Blocks a1 and a2
Block
a2

Block
b2

Block
a

Block
b

Blocks b1 and b2
Blocks a and b

Address

Instruction

00000
00001
00002
00003
00004
00005
00006
00007
00008
00009
00010
00011

LD
AND NOT
LD NOT
AND
OR LD
LD
AND
LD
AND
OR LD
AND LD
OUT

Operands
00000
00001
00002
00003
—
00004
00005
00006
00007
—
—
00503

The following type of diagram can be coded easily if each block is coded in order:
first top to bottom and then left to right. In the following diagram, blocks a and b
would be combined using AND LOAD as shown above, and then block c would be
coded and a second AND LOAD would be used to combined it with the execution
condition from the first AND LOAD. Then block d would be coded, a third AND
LOAD would be used to combine the execution condition from block d with the
execution condition from the second AND LOAD, and so on through to block n.
00500

Block
a

Block
b

Block
c

Block
n

75

Section 4-4

Basic Ladder Diagrams

The following diagram requires an OR LOAD followed by an AND LOAD to code
the top of the three blocks, and then two more OR LOADs to complete the mnemonic code.
00000

00001

Address

Instruction

00000
00001
00002
00003
00004
00005
00006
00007
00008
00009
00010
00011
00012

LD
LD
LD
AND NOT
OR LD
AND LD
LD NOT
AND
OR LD
LD NOT
AND
OR LD
OUT

Operands

LR 0000
00002

00004

00005

00006

00007

00003

LR

00000
00001
00002
00003
––
––
00004
00005
––
00006
00007
––
0000

Although the program will execute as written, this diagram could be drawn as
shown below to eliminate the need for the first OR LOAD and the AND LOAD,
simplifying the program and saving memory space.
00002

00003

00000
LR 0000

00001

00004

00005

00006

00007

Address

Instruction

00000
00001
00002
00003
00004
00005
00006
00007
00008
00009
00010

LD
AND NOT
OR
AND
LD NOT
AND
OR LD
LD NOT
AND
OR LD
OUT

Operands

LR

00002
00003
00001
00000
00004
00005
––
00006
00007
––
0000

The following diagram requires five blocks, which here are coded in order before
using OR LOAD and AND LOAD to combine them starting from the last two
blocks and working backward. The OR LOAD at program address 00008 combines blocks blocks d and e, the following AND LOAD combines the resulting
execution condition with that of block c, etc.
00000

00001

Address

00002
LR 0000

Block b
Block a
Block c
00003

00004

Block d
00005

00006

00007
Blocks d and e
Block c with result of above

Block e

Block b with result of above
Block a with result of above

76

00000
00001
00002
00003
00004
00005
00006
00007
00008
00009
00010
00011
00012

Instruction
LD
LD
AND
LD
AND
LD
LD
AND
OR LD
AND LD
OR LD
AND LD
OUT

Operands

LR

00000
00001
00002
00003
00004
00005
00006
00007
––
––
––
––
0000

Section 4-4

Basic Ladder Diagrams

Again, this diagram can be redrawn as follows to simplify program structure and
coding and to save memory space.

00006

00007

00003

00004

Address

00000

00000
00001
00002
00003
00004
00005
00006
00007
00008
00009

LR 0000
00005

00001

00002

Instruction

Operands

LD
AND
OR
AND
AND
LD
AND
OR LD
AND
OUT

00006
00007
00005
00003
00004
00001
00002
––
00000
0000

LR

The next and final example may at first appear very complicated but can be
coded using only two logic block instructions. The diagram appears as follows:
Block a
00000

00001

01000

01001

00002

00003

00004

00005
00500

00006

00500
Block b

Block c

The first logic block instruction is used to combine the execution conditions resulting from blocks a and b, and the second one is to combine the execution condition of block c with the execution condition resulting from the normally closed
condition assigned IR 00003. The rest of the diagram can be coded with OR,
AND, and AND NOT instructions. The logical flow for this and the resulting code
are shown below.
Block a

Block b

00000

00001

01000

01001

LD
AND

00000
00001

LD
AND

01000
01001

OR LD
Block c
00500

00004

00005

00004
00005

OR

00500

LD
AND

00002

00003

00006

AND
00002
AND NOT 00003

LD

AND LD

00006

Address

Instruction

00000
00001
00002
00003
00004
00005
00006
00007
00008
00009
00010
00011
00012

LD
AND
LD
AND
OR LD
OR
AND
AND NOT
LD
AND
OR
AND LD
OUT

Operands
00000
00001
01000
01001
––
00500
00002
00003
00004
00005
00006
––
00500

00500

77

Section 4-5

The Programming Console

4-4-7 Coding Multiple Right-hand Instructions
If there is more than one right-hand instruction executed with the same execution condition, they are coded consecutively following the last condition on the
instruction line. In the following example, the last instruction line contains one
more condition that corresponds to an AND with IR 00004.
00000

00003

HR
0001

00001
00500
00002

00004
00506

HR 0000

4-5

Address
00000
00001
00002
00003
00004
00005
00006
00007
00008

Instruction
LD
OR
OR
OR
AND
OUT
OUT
AND
OUT

Operands

HR
HR

00000
00001
00002
0000
00003
0001
00500
00004
00506

The Programming Console
This and the next section describe the Programming Console and the operations necessary to prepare for program input. 4-7 Inputting, Modifying, and
Checking the Program describes actual procedures for inputting the program
into memory.
Although the Programming Console can be used to write ladder programs, it is
primarily used to support LSS operations and is very useful for on-site editing
and maintenance. The main Programming Console functions are listed below.

1, 2, 3...

1. Displaying operating messages and the results of diagnostic checks.
2. Writing and reading ladder programs, inserting and deleting instructions,
searching for data or instructions, and monitoring I/O bit status.
3. Monitoring I/O status, force-setting/resetting bits.
4. The Programming Console can be connected to or disconnected from the
PC with the power on.
5. The Programming Console can be used with C-series PCs.
6. Supports TERMINAL mode, which allows the display of a 32-character
message, as well as operation of the keyboard mapping function. Refer to
5-25-6 TERMINAL MODE – TERM(––) for details.

Note The Programming Console does not support all of the LSS operations, only
those required for on-site editing and maintenance.

4-5-1 The Keyboard
The keyboard of the Programming Console is functionally divided by key color
into the following four areas:
White: Numeric Keys

The ten white keys are used to input numeric program data such as program
addresses, data area addresses, and operand values. The numeric keys are
also used in combination with the function key (FUN) to enter instructions with
function codes.

Red: CLR Key

The CLR key clears the display and cancels current Programming Console operations. It is also used when you key in the password at the beginning of programming operations. Any Programming Console operation can be cancelled
by pressing the CLR key, although the CLR key may have to be pressed two or
three times to cancel the operation and clear the display.

Yellow: Operation Keys

The yellow keys are used for writing and correcting programs. Detailed explanations of their functions are given later in this section.

78

Section 4-5

The Programming Console
Gray: Instruction and Data
Area Keys

Except for the SHIFT key on the upper right, the gray keys are used to input instructions and designate data area prefixes when inputting or changing a program. The SHIFT key is similar to the shift key of a typewriter, and is used to alter
the function of the next key pressed. (It is not necessary to hold the SHIFT key
down; just press it once and then press the key to be used with it.)
The gray keys other than the SHIFT key have either the mnemonic name of the
instruction or the abbreviation of the data area written on them. The functions of
these keys are described below.

Pressed before the function code when inputting an instruction
via its function code.
Pressed to enter SFT (the Shift Register instruction).
Input either after a function code to designate the differentiated
form of an instruction or after a ladder instruction to designate
an inverse condition.
Pressed to enter AND (the AND instruction) or used with NOT
to enter AND NOT.
Pressed to enter OR (the OR instruction) or used with NOT to
enter OR NOT.
Pressed to enter CNT (the Counter instruction) or to designate
a TC number that has already been defined as a counter.
Pressed to enter LD (the Load instruction) or used with NOT to
enter LD NOT. Also pressed to indicate an input bit.
Pressed to enter OUT (the Output instruction) or used with
NOT to enter OUT NOT. Also pressed to indicate an output bit.
Pressed to enter TIM (the Timer instruction) or to designate a
TC number that has already been defined as a timer.
Pressed before designating an address in the TR area.
Pressed before designating an address in the LR area.
Pressed before designating an address in the HR area.
Pressed before designating an address in the AR area.
Pressed before designating an address in the DM area.
Pressed before designating an indirect DM address.
Pressed before designating a word address.
Pressed before designating an operand as a constant.
Pressed before designating a bit address.
Pressed before function codes for block programming instructions, i.e., those placed between pointed parentheses <>.

79

Section 4-6

Preparation for Operation

4-5-2 PC Modes
The Programming Console is equipped with a switch to control the PC mode. To
select one of the three operating modes—RUN, MONITOR, or PROGRAM—
use the mode switch. The mode that you select will determine PC operation as
well as the procedures that are possible from the Programming Console.
RUN mode is the mode used for normal program execution. When the switch is
set to RUN and the START input on the CPU Power Supply Unit is ON, the CPU
will begin executing the program according to the program written in its Program
Memory. Although monitoring PC operation from the Programming Console is
possible in RUN mode, no data in any of the memory areas can be input or
changed.
MONITOR mode allows you to visually monitor in-progress program execution
while controlling I/O status, changing PV (present values) or SV (set values),
etc. In MONITOR mode, I/O processing is handled in the same way as in RUN
mode. MONITOR mode is generally used for trial system operation and final program adjustments.
In PROGRAM mode, the PC does not execute the program. PROGRAM mode
is for creating and changing programs, clearing memory areas, and registering
and changing the I/O table. A special Debug operation is also available within
PROGRAM mode that enables checking a program for correct execution before
trial operation of the system.
!

DANGER

Do not leave the Programming Console connected to the PC by an extension cable when in
RUN mode. Noise picked up by the extension cable can enter the PC, affecting the program
and thus the controlled system.

4-5-3 The Display Message Switch
Pin 3 of the CPU’s DIP switch determines whether Japanese or English language messages will be displayed on the Programming Console. It is factory set
to ON, which causes English language messages to be displayed.

4-6

Preparation for Operation
This section describes the procedures required to begin Programming Console
operation. These include password entry, clearing memory, error message
clearing, and I/O table operations. I/O table operations are also necessary at
other times, e.g., when changes are to be made in Units used in the PC configuration.

!

DANGER

Always confirm that the Programming Console is in PROGRAM mode when turning on the
PC with a Programming Console connected unless another mode is desired for a specific
purpose. If the Programming Console is in RUN mode when PC power is turned on, any
program in Program Memory will be executed, possibly causing a PC-controlled system to
begin operation.
The following sequence of operations must be performed before beginning initial program input.

1, 2, 3...

1. Insert the mode key into the Programming Console.
2. Set the mode switch to PROGRAM mode. (The mode key cannot be removed while set to PROGRAM mode.)
3. Turn on PC power.
Note When I/O Units are installed, turn on those Units also. The Programming Console will not operate if these Units are not turned on.

80

Section 4-6

Preparation for Operation

4. Confirm that the CPU’s POWER LED is lit and the following display appears
on the Programming Console screen. (If the ALM/ERR LED is lit or flashing
or an error message is displayed, clear the error that has occurred.)


PASSWORD!

5. Enter the password. See 4-6-1 Entering the Password for details.
6. Clear memory. Skip this step if the program does not need to be cleared.
See 4-6-3 Clearing Memory for details.

4-6-1 Entering the Password
To gain access to the PC’s programming functions, you must first enter the password. The password prevents unauthorized access to the program.
The PC prompts you for a password when PC power is turned on or, if PC power
is already on, after the Programming Console has been connected to the PC. To
gain access to the system when the “Password!” message appears, press CLR
and then MONTR. Then press CLR to clear the display.
If the Programming Console is connected to the PC when PC power is already
on, the first display below will indicate the mode the PC was in before the Programming Console was connected. Ensure that the PC is in PROGRAM mode
before you enter the password. When the password is entered, the PC will
shift to the mode set on the mode switch, causing PC operation to begin if the
mode is set to RUN or MONITOR. The mode can be changed to RUN or MONITOR with the mode switch after entering the password.


PASSWORD!
 BZ

Indicates the mode set by the mode selector switch.

4-6-2 Buzzer
Immediately after the password is input or anytime immediately after the mode
has been changed, SHIFT and then the 1 key can be pressed to turn on and off
the buzzer that sounds when Programming Console keys are pressed. If BZ is
displayed in the upper right corner, the buzzer is operative. If BZ is not displayed,
the buzzer is not operative.
This buzzer also will also sound whenever an error occurs during PC operation.
Buzzer operation for errors is not affected by the above setting.

81

Section 4-6

Preparation for Operation

4-6-3 Clearing Memory
Using the Memory Clear operation it is possible to clear all or part of the UM area
(RAM or EEPROM), and the IR, HR, AR, DM and TC areas. Unless otherwise
specified, the clear operation will clear all of the above memory areas. The UM
area will not be cleared if the write-protect switch (pin 1 of the CPU’s DIP switch)
is set to ON.
Before beginning to programming for the first time or when installing a new program, all areas should normally be cleared. Before clearing memory, check to
see if a program is already loaded that you need. If you need the program, clear
only the memory areas that you do not need, and be sure to check the existing
program with the program check key sequence before using it. The check sequence is provided later in this section. Further debugging methods are provided in Section 7 Program Monitoring and Execution. To clear all memory areas
press CLR until all zeros are displayed, and then input the keystrokes given in
the top line of the following key sequence. The branch lines shown in the sequence are used only when performing a partial memory clear, which is described below.
Memory can be cleared in PROGRAM mode only. The following table shows
which memory areas will be cleared for the 3 memory clearing operations (all
clear, partial clear, memory clear).
Memory Area

Note

All Clear

82

All clear

Partial clear

Memory clear

I/O words

Cleared

Cleared

Cleared

Work words

Cleared

---

Cleared

HR, AR, TC, DM, fixed DM

Cleared

Cleared

Cleared

Expansion DM

Cleared

---

Cleared

I/O comments

Cleared

---

---

Ladder program

Cleared

Cleared

Cleared

UM Allocation information

Cleared

---

---

1. The error history area (DM 6000 to DM 6030) will not be cleared when the
DM area is cleared.
2. When the PC Setup area (DM 6600 to DM 6655 in fixed DM) is cleared, the
settings will be returned to their factory-set defaults.
3. When the All Clear operation is executed, the ladder program area will be
allocated entirely to the ladder program. (The expansion DM and I/O comment areas will be set to 0 KW.)
The key sequence for all clear is shown below.

Section 4-6

Preparation for Operation
The following procedure is used to clear memory completely.

MEMORY ERR

I/O VER ERR

Continue pressing
the CLR key once for
each error message
until “00000” appears
on the display

00000

00000
00000MEMORY CLR?
HR CNT DM
00000MEM ALLCLR?

All clear

00000MEM ALLCLR
END

Partial Clear

It is possible to retain the data in specified areas or part of the ladder program. To
retain the data in the HR and AR, TC, and/or DM areas, press the appropriate
key after entering REC/RESET. HR is pressed to designate both the HR and AR
areas. In other words, specifying that HR is to be retained will ensure that AR is
retained also. If not specified for retention, both areas will be cleared. CNT is
used for the entire TC area. The display will show those areas that will be
cleared.
It is also possible to retain a portion of the ladder program from the beginning to a
specified address. After designating the data areas to be retained, specify the
first program address to be cleared. For example, to leave addresses 00000 to
00122 untouched, but to clear addresses from 00123 to the end of Program
Memory, input 00123.
The key sequence for a partial memory clear is shown below.

Program Memory cleared
from designated address.
Both AR and HR areas

TC area

Retained if pressed

DM area

83

Section 4-6

Preparation for Operation

To leave the TC area uncleared and retain Program Memory addresses 00000
through 00122, input as follows:
00000

00000

00000

00000MEMORY CLR?
HR CNT DM
00000MEMORY CLR?
HR DM
00123MEMORY CLR?
HR DM
00000MEMORY CLR
END HR DM
Memory Clear

The memory clear operation clears all memory areas except the I/O comments
and UM Allocation information.
The key sequence for a partial memory clear is shown below.

The Programming Console will display the following screens:
00000

00000

00000

00000MEMORY CLR?
HR CNT DM
00000MEMORY CLR
END HR CNT DM
Note When the write-protect switch (pin 1 of the CPU’s DIP switch) is set to ON the UM
area (from DM 6144 through the ladder program) will not be cleared. Other data
areas, such as HR, AR, CNT, and DM from DM 0000 to DM 6143 will be cleared.

4-6-4 Registering the I/O Table
The I/O Table Registration operation records the types of I/O Units controlled by
the PC and the Rack locations of the I/O Units. It also clears all I/O bits.
It is not absolutely necessary to register the I/O table with the C200HS. When the
I/O table has not been registered, the PC will operate according to the I/O Units
mounted when power is applied. The I/O verification/setting error will not occur.

84

Section 4-6

Preparation for Operation

It is necessary to register the I/O table if I/O Units are changed, otherwise an I/O
verification error message, “I/O VER ERR” or “I/O SET ERROR”, will appear
when starting programming operations.
I/O Table Registration can be performed only in PROGRAM mode with the writeprotection switch (pin 1 of the CPU’s DIP switch) set to OFF (OFF=“WRITE”).
Group-2 HIgh-density I/O Units will not be displayed in the I/O table when it is
displayed using a host computer. Four asterisks (∗∗∗∗), indicating no Unit, will be
displayed instead.
Key Sequence

Initial I/O Table Registration
00000

00000
FUN (??)
00000IOTBL ?
?-?U=
00000IOTBL WRIT
????

Register I/O table

00000IOTBL WRIT
9713
00000IOTBL WRIT
OK

4-6-5 Clearing Error Messages
After the I/O table has been registered, any error messages recorded in memory
should be cleared. It is assumed here that the causes of any of the errors for
which error messages appear have already been taken care of. If the beeper
sounds when an attempt is made to clear an error message, eliminate the cause
of the error, and then clear the error message (refer to Section 10 Troubleshooting).
To display any recorded error messages, press CLR, FUN, and then MONTR.
The first message will appear. Pressing MONTR again will clear the present
message and display the next error message. Continue pressing MONTR until
all messages have been cleared.
Although error messages can be accessed in any mode, they can be cleared
only in PROGRAM mode.
Key Sequence

85

Section 4-6

Preparation for Operation

4-6-6 Verifying the I/O Table
The I/O Table Verification operation is used to check the I/O table registered in
memory to see if it matches the actual sequence of I/O Units mounted. The first
inconsistency discovered will be displayed as shown below. Every subsequent
pressing of VER displays the next inconsistency.
Note This operation can be executed only when the I/O table has been registered.
Key Sequence

Example

00000

00000
FUN (??)
00000IOTBL ?
?-?U=
(No errors)

00000IOTBL CHK
OK
00000IOTBL CHK
0-1U=O*** I***

(An error occurred)

Actual I/O words
Registered I/O table words
I/O slot number
Rack number

Meaning of Displays

The following display indicates a C500, C1000H, or C2000H and C200H or
C200HS have the same unit number on a Remote I/O Slave Rack.

00000I/OTBL CHK
*-*U=----

The following display indicates a duplication in Optical I/O Unit unit numbers.

00000I/OTBL CHK
2**HU=R*-I R*-W
Indicates duplication

86

Section 4-6

Preparation for Operation

4-6-7 Reading the I/O Table
The I/O Table Read operation is used to access the I/O table that is currently
registered in the CPU memory. This operation can be performed in any PC
mode.
Key Sequence

[0 to 2]

[0 to 9]

Rack
number

Unit
number

Press the EXT key to select Remote
I/O Slave Racks or Optical I/O Units.

Example

00000

00000
FUN (??)
00000IOTBL ?
?-?U=

(Main Rack)

(Slave Rack Units)

00000IOTBL ?
R??-?U=
(Optical I/O Unit)

00000IOTBL ?
2??LU=
00000IOTBL ?
?-?U=

(Main Rack)

00000IOTBL ?
0-?U=
00000IOTBL ?
0-5U=
00000IOTBL READ
0-5U=i*** 005
00000IOTBL READ
0-4U=o*** 004
00000IOTBL READ
0-5U=i*** 005

87

Section 4-6

Preparation for Operation
Meaning of Displays
I/O Unit Designations for Displays
(see I/O Units Mounted in Remote Slave Racks, page 89)
C500, 1000H/C2000H I/O Units
No. of points

Input Unit

Output Unit

0***

32

I***
II**

64

IIII

0000

16

00**

C200H I/O Units
No. of points
8
16

Input Unit

Output Unit

o***

i(*)* *
ii**

oo**

Note: (∗) is i for non-fatal errors or F_

I/O Units

00000IOTBL READ
*-*U=**** ***
I/O word number
I/O type: i: (input), o: (output)
Unit number (0 to 9)
Rack number (0 to 2)

Interrupt Input Units

00000IOTBL READ
*-*U=****
INT0: Mounted to CPU Rack.
IN**: Mounted to Expansion I/O Rack.
(Treated as an 8-point Input Unit.)

Special I/O Units

00000IOTBL READ
*-*U=$***
Blank:
W:

Unit 1 exclusively
Unit 2 exclusively
C: High-speed Counter
Special I/O
N: Position Control Unit
Unit type:
A: Other
Unit number (0 to 9)
Indicates Special I/O Unit

Remote I/O Master Units

00000IOTBL READ
*-*U=RMT*
Remote I/O
Master no. (0 or 1)

88

Section 4-6

Preparation for Operation
Remote I/O Slave Racks

00000IOTBL READ
R**-*U=**** ***
I/O word number
I/O type: I, O
i, o (see tables on previous page)
Unit number (0 to 9)
Remote I/O Slave Unit number (0 to 4)
Remote I/O Master Unit number (0 or 1)
Indicates a Remote I/O Rack

Group-2 HIgh-density I/O
Units

00000IOTBL READ
*-*U=#***
2:
4:

2 words (32 pts)
4 words (64 pts)

I:
O:

Input Unit
Output Unit

Unit number (0 to 9)
Indicates Group-2 HIgh-density I/O Unit

Note Group-2 HIgh-density I/O Units will not be displayed in the I/O table when it is
displayed using LSS (host computer). Four asterisks (∗∗∗∗), indicating no Unit,
will be displayed instead.

Optical I/O Units and
Remote Terminals

00000IOTBL READ
2**HU=R*-*
I/O type: I (input), O (output), or
W (input/output)
Remote I/O Master Unit number (0 to 1)
Word (H: leftmost 8 bits; L: rightmost 8 bits)
I/O word number (200 to 231)

4-6-8 Clearing the I/O Table
The I/O Table Clear operation is used to delete the contents of the I/O table that
is currently registered in the CPU memory. The PC will be set for operation
based on the I/O Units mounted when the I/O Table Clear operation is performed.
The I/O Table Clear operation will reset all Special I/O Units and Link Units
mounted at the time. Do not perform the I/O Table Clear operation when a Host
or PC Link Unit, Remote I/O Master Unit, High-speed Counter Unit, Position
Control Unit, or other Special I/O Unit is in operation.
Note This operation can be performed only in PROGRAM mode with the write-protection switch (pin 1 of the CPU’s DIP switch) set to OFF (OFF=“WRITE”).

89

Section 4-6

Preparation for Operation
Key Sequence

Example

00000

00000
FUN (??)
00000IOTBL
?-?U=
00000IOTBL WRIT
????
00000IOTBL CANC
????
00000IOTBL CANC
9713
00000IOTBL CANC
OK

4-6-9 SYSMAC NET Link Table Transfer (CPU31/33-E Only)
The SYSMAC NET Link Table Transfer operation transfers a copy of the SYSMAC NET Link Data Link table to RAM or EEPROM program memory.This allows the user program and SYSMAC NET Link table to be written into EPROM
together. This operation is applicable to the CPU31-E and CPU33-E only.
Note When power is applied to a PC which has a copy of a SYSMAC NET Link table
stored in its program memory, the SYSMAC NET Link table of the CPU will be
overwritten. Changes made in the SYSMAC NET Link table do not affect the
copy of the SYSMAC NET Link table in program memory; SYSMAC NET Link
Table Transfer must be repeated to change the copy in program memory.
The SYSMAC NET Link Table Transfer operation will not work if:
• The Memory Unit is not RAM or EEPROM, or the write protect switch is not set
to write.
• There isn’t an END(01) instruction.
• The contents of program memory exceeds 14.7K words. (To find the size of the
contents of program memory, do an instruction search for END(01).)
SYSMAC NET Link table transfer can only be done in PROGRAM mode.

90

Section 4-6

Preparation for Operation
Key Sequence

Example

00000
00000
FUN(??)
00000LINK TBL~UM
(SYSMAC-NET)????
00000LINK TBL~UM
(SYSMAC-NET)9713
00000LINK TBL~UM
OK
The following indicates that the
I/O table cannot be transferred.

00000LINK TBL~UM
DISABLED

91

Inputting, Modifying, and Checking the Program

4-7

Section 4-7

Inputting, Modifying, and Checking the Program
Once a program is written in mnemonic code, it can be input directly into the PC
from a Programming Console. Mnemonic code is keyed into Program Memory
addresses from the Programming Console. Checking the program involves a
syntax check to see that the program has been written according to syntax rules.
Once syntax errors are corrected, a trial execution can begin and, finally, correction under actual operating conditions can be made.
The operations required to input a program are explained below. Operations to
modify programs that already exist in memory are also provided in this section,
as well as the procedure to obtain the current cycle time.
Before starting to input a program, check to see whether there is a program already loaded. If there is a program loaded that you do not need, clear it first using
the program memory clear key sequence, then input the new program. If you
need the previous program, be sure to check it with the program check key sequence and correct it as required. Further debugging methods are provided in
Section 7 Program Monitoring and Execution.

4-7-1 Setting and Reading from Program Memory Address
When inputting a program for the first time, it is generally written to Program
Memory starting from address 00000. Because this address appears when the
display is cleared, it is not necessary to specify it.
When inputting a program starting from other than 00000 or to read or modify a
program that already exists in memory, the desired address must be designated.
To designate an address, press CLR and then input the desired address. Leading zeros of the address need not be input, i.e., when specifying an address such
as 00053 you need to enter only 53. The contents of the designated address will
not be displayed until the down key is pressed.
Once the down key has been pressed to display the contents of the designated
address, the up and down keys can be used to scroll through Program Memory.
Each time one of these keys is pressed, the next or previous word in Program
Memory will be displayed.
If Program Memory is read in RUN or MONITOR mode, the ON/OFF status of
any displayed bit will also be shown.
Key Sequence

92

Section 4-7

Inputting, Modifying, and Checking the Program
Example

If the following mnemonic code has already been input into Program Memory,
the key inputs below would produce the displays shown.

00000

Address

00200

00200
00201
00202

LD
AND
TIM

00203

LD

Instruction

Operands

#

00000
00001
000
0123
00100

00200READ OFF
LD
00000
00201READ ON
AND
00001
00202READ OFF
TIM
000
00202
TIM

#0123

00203READ
LD 00100

ON

4-7-2 Entering and Editing Programs
Programs can be entered and edited only in PROGRAM mode with the writeprotect switch (pin 1 of the CPU’s DIP switch) set to OFF (OFF=“WRITE”).
The same procedure is used to either input a program for the first time or to edit a
program that already exists. In either case, the current contents of Program
Memory is overwritten, i.e., if there is no previous program, the NOP(00) instruction, which will be written at every address, will be overwritten.
To enter a program, input the mnemonic code that was produced from the ladder
diagram step-by-step, ensuring that the correct address is set before starting.
Once the correct address is displayed, enter the first instruction word and press
WRITE. Next, enter the required operands, pressing WRITE after each, i.e.,
WRITE is pressed at the end of each line of the mnemonic code. When WRITE is
pressed at the end of each line, the designated instruction or operand is entered
and the next display will appear. If the instruction requires two or more words, the
next display will indicate the next operand required and provide a default value
for it. If the instruction requires only one word, the next address will be displayed.
Continue inputting each line of the mnemonic code until the entire program has
been entered.
When inputting numeric values for operands, it is not necessary to input leading
zeros. Leading zeros are required only when inputting function codes (see below). When designating operands, be sure to designate the data area for all but
IR and SR addresses by pressing the corresponding data area key, and to designate each constant by pressing CONT/#. CONT/# is not required for counter or
timer SVs (see below). The AR area is designated by pressing SHIFT and then
HR. TC numbers as bit operands (i.e., completion flags) are designated by
pressing either TIM or CNT before the address, depending on whether the TC
number has been used to define a timer or a counter. To designate an indirect
DM address, press CH/∗ before the address (pressing DM is not necessary for
an indirect DM address).

93

Section 4-7

Inputting, Modifying, and Checking the Program
Inputting SV for Counters
and Timers

The SV (set value) for a timer or counter is generally entered as a constant, although inputting the address of a word that holds the SV is also possible. When
inputting an SV as a constant, CONT/# is not required; just input the numeric
value and press WRITE. To designate a word, press CLR and then input the
word address as described above.

Designating Instructions

The most basic instructions are input using the Programming Console keys provided for them. All other instructions are entered using function codes. These
function codes are always written after the instruction’s mnemonic. If no function
code is given, there should be a Programming Console key for that instruction.
To designate the differentiated form of an instruction, press NOT after the function code.
To input an instruction using a function code, set the address, press FUN, input
the function code including any leading zeros, press NOT if the differentiated
form of the instruction is desired, input any bit operands or definers required for
the instruction, and then press WRITE.

! Caution

Enter function codes with care and be sure to press SHIFT when required.

Key Sequence
[Address displayed]

94

[Instruction word]

[Operand]

Section 4-7

Inputting, Modifying, and Checking the Program
Example

The following program can be entered using the key inputs shown below. Displays will appear as indicated.
00000

Address

Instruction

00200
00201

LD
TIM

00202

TIMH(15)

00200

Operands

#
#

00200
LD

00002
000
0123
001
0500

00002

00201READ
NOP (00)
00201
TIM

000

00201 TIM DATA
#0000
00201 TIM
#0123
00202READ
NOP (00)
00202
FUN (??)
00202
TIMH (15) 001
00202 TIMH DATA
#0000
00202 TIMH
#0500
00203READ
NOP (00)

95

Section 4-7

Inputting, Modifying, and Checking the Program
Error Messages

The following error messages may appear when inputting a program. Correct
the error as indicated and continue with the input operation. The asterisks in the
displays shown below will be replaced with numeric data, normally an address,
in the actual display.

Message

Cause and correction

****REPL ROM

An attempt was made to write to write-protected RAM or EEPROM. Ensure that the
write-protect switch is set to OFF.

****PROG OVER

The instruction at the last address in memory is not NOP(00). Erase all unnecessary
instructions at the end of the program.

****ADDR OVER

An address was set that is larger than the highest memory address in the UM area.
Input a smaller address

****SETDATA ERR

Data has been input in the wrong format or beyond defined limits, e.g., a hexadecimal
value has been input for BCD. Re-enter the data. This error will generate a FALS 00
error.

****I/O NO. ERR

A data area address has been designated that exceeds the limit of the data area, e.g.,
an address is too large. Confirm the requirements for the instruction and re-enter the
address.

4-7-3 Checking the Program
Once a program has been entered, the syntax should be checked to verify that
no programming rules have been violated. This check should also be performed
if the program has been changed in any way that might create a syntax error.
To check the program, input the key sequence shown below. The numbers indicate the desired check level (see below). When the check level is entered, the
program check will start. If an error is discovered, the check will stop and a display indicating the error will appear. Press SRCH to continue the check. If an error is not found, the program will be checked through to the first END(01), with a
display indicating when each 64 instructions have been checked (e.g., display
#1 of the example after the following table).
CLR can be pressed to cancel the check after it has been started, and a display
like display #2, in the example, will appear. When the check has reached the first
END, a display like display #3 will appear.
A syntax check can be performed on a program only in PROGRAM mode.
Key Sequence
To check
up to END(01)
To abort

(0, 1, 2, Check levels)

Check Levels and Error
Messages

Three levels of program checking are available. The desired level must be designated to indicate the type of errors that are to be detected. The following table
provides the error types, displays, and explanations of all syntax errors. Check
level 0 checks for type A, B, and C errors; check level 1, for type A and B errors;
and check level 2, for type A errors only.
The address where the error was generated will also be displayed.

96

Inputting, Modifying, and Checking the Program

Section 4-7

Many of the following errors are for instructions that have not yet been described
yet. Refer to 4-8 Controlling Bit Status or to Section 5 Instruction Set for details
on these.
Type
Type A

Message
?????
NO END INSTR
CIRCUIT ERR

LOCN ERR

Type B

The number of logic blocks and logic block instructions does not agree, i.e., either
LD or LD NOT has been used to start a logic block whose execution condition has
not been used by another instruction, or a logic block instruction has been used
that does not have the required number of logic blocks. Check your program.
An instruction is in the wrong place in the program. Check instruction requirements
and correct the program.

DUPL

The same jump number or subroutine number has been used twice. Correct the
program so that the same number is only used once for each. (Jump number 00
may be used as often as required.)

SBN UNDEFD

SBS(91) has been programmed for a subroutine number that does not exist.
Correct the subroutine number or program the required subroutine.

JME UNDEFD

A JME(04) is missing for a JMP(05). Correct the jump number or insert the proper
JME(04).

OPERAND ERR

A constant entered for the instruction is not within defined values. Change the
constant so that it lies within the proper range.

STEP ERR

STEP(08) with a section number and STEP(08) without a section number have
been used correctly. Check STEP(08) programming requirements and correct the
program.

IL-ILC ERR

IL(02) and ILC(03) are not used in pairs. Correct the program so that each IL(02)
has a unique ILC(03). Although this error message will appear if more than one
IL(02) is used with the same ILC(03), the program will executed as written. Make
sure your program is written as desired before proceeding.
JMP(04) 00 and JME(05) 00 are not used in pairs. Although this error message will
appear if more than one JMP(04) 00 is used with the same JME(05) 00, the
program will be executed as written. Make sure your program is written as desired
before proceeding.
If the displayed address is that of SBN(92), two different subroutines have been
defined with the same subroutine number. Change one of the subroutine numbers
or delete one of the subroutines. If the displayed address is that of RET(93),
RET(93) has not been used properly. Check requirements for RET(93) and correct
the program.

JMP-JME ERR

SBN-RET ERR

Type C

Meaning and appropriate response
The program has been lost. Re-enter the program.
There is no END(01) in the program. Write END(01) at the final address in the
program.

JMP UNDEFD

JME(05) has been used with no JMP(04) with the same jump number. Add a
JMP(04) with the same number or delete the JME(05) that is not being used.

SBS UNDEFD

A subroutine exists that is not called by SBS(91). Program a subroutine call in the
proper place, or delete the subroutine if it is not required.

COIL DUPL

The same bit is being controlled (i.e., turned ON and/or OFF) by more than one
instruction (e.g., OUT, OUT NOT, DIFU(13), DIFD(14), KEEP(11), SFT(10)).
Although this is allowed for certain instructions, check instruction requirements to
confirm that the program is correct or rewrite the program so that each bit is
controlled by only one instruction.

97

Section 4-7

Inputting, Modifying, and Checking the Program
Example

The following example shows some of the displays that can appear as a result of
a program check.

00000

00000PROG CHK
CHKLVL (0-2)?
00064PROG CHK

Display #1

Halts program check

00699CHK ABORTD

Display #2

Check continues until END(01)

02000PROG CHK
END (01)(02.7KW)

Display #3

When errors are found

00178CIRCUIT ERR
OUT
00200
00200IL-ILC ERR
ILC (03)
02000NO END INST
END

4-7-4 Displaying the Cycle Time
Once the program has been cleared of syntax errors, the cycle time should be
checked. This is possible only in RUN or MONITOR mode while the program is
being executed. See Section 6 Program Execution Timing for details on the
cycle time.
To display the current average cycle time, press CLR then MONTR. The time
displayed by this operation is a typical cycle time. The differences in displayed
values depend on the execution conditions that exist when MONTR is pressed.
Example
00000

00000SCAN TIME
054.1MS
00000SCAN TIME
053.9MS

98

Inputting, Modifying, and Checking the Program

Section 4-7

4-7-5 Program Searches
The program can be searched for occurrences of any designated instruction or
data area address used in an instruction. Searches can be performed from any
currently displayed address or from a cleared display.
To designate a bit address, press SHIFT, press CONT/#, then input the address,
including any data area designation required, and press SRCH. To designate an
instruction, input the instruction just as when inputting the program and press
SRCH. Once an occurrence of an instruction or bit address has been found, any
additional occurrences of the same instruction or bit can be found by pressing
SRCH again. SRCH’G will be displayed while a search is in progress.
When the first word of a multiword instruction is displayed for a search operation,
the other words of the instruction can be displayed by pressing the down key before continuing the search.
If Program Memory is read in RUN or MONITOR mode, the ON/OFF status of
any bit displayed will also be shown.
Key Sequence

99

Section 4-7

Inputting, Modifying, and Checking the Program
Example:
Instruction Search

00000

00000
LD

00000

00200SRCH
LD
00000
00202
LD

00000

02000SRCH
END (01)(02.7KW)

00000

00100

00100
TIM

001

00203SRCH
TIM
001
00203 TIM DATA
#0123
Example:
Bit Search

00000

00000CONT SRCH
CONT
00005
00200CONT SRCH
LD
00005
00203CONT SRCH
AND
00005
02000
END (01)(02.7K)

4-7-6 Inserting and Deleting Instructions
In PROGRAM mode, any instruction that is currently displayed can be deleted or
another instruction can be inserted before it. These operations are possible only
in PROGRAM mode with the write-protect switch (pin 1 of the CPU’s DIP switch)
set to OFF (OFF=“WRITE”).
To insert an instruction, display the instruction before which you want the new
instruction to be placed, input the instruction word in the same way as when inputting a program initially, and then press INS and the down key. If other words
are required for the instruction, input these in the same way as when inputting
the program initially.

100

Section 4-7

Inputting, Modifying, and Checking the Program

To delete an instruction, display the instruction word of the instruction to be deleted and then press DEL and the up key. All the words for the designated instruction will be deleted.

! Caution

Be careful not to inadvertently delete instructions; there is no way to recover them without reinputting them completely.

Key Sequences

When an instruction is inserted or deleted, all addresses in Program Memory
following the operation are adjusted automatically so that there are no blank addresses or no unaddressed instructions.
Example

The following mnemonic code shows the changes that are achieved in a program through the key sequences and displays shown below.

Original Program

00101

00103

00104
00201

00201

Instruction

00000
00001
00002
00003
00004
00005
00006
00007
00008

LD
AND
LD
AND NOT
OR LD
AND
AND NOT
OUT
END(01)

Operands
00100
00101
00201
00102
––
00103
00104
00201
––

Before Deletion:

Before Insertion:
00100

Address

00102

00100

END(01)

00103

00105

00104
00201

00201

00105

00101

00102

Delete

END(01)

The following key inputs and displays show the procedure for achieving the program changes shown above.

101

Section 4-7

Inputting, Modifying, and Checking the Program
Inserting an Instruction
00000

00000
OUT

00000

00000
OUT

00201

00207SRCH
OUT
00201
00206READ
AND NOT 00104
00206
AND

00000

00206
AND

00105

Find the address
prior to the insertion point

Program After Insertion
Address

Instruction

00000
00001
00002
00003
00004
00005
00006
00007
00008
00009

LD
AND
LD
AND NOT
OR LD
AND
AND
AND NOT
OUT
END(01)

Operands
00100
00101
00201
00102
––
00103
00105
00104
00201
––

00206INSERT?
AND
00105
00207INSERT END
AND NOT 00104

Insert the
instruction

00206READ
AND
00105

Deleting an Instruction
00000
Find the instruction
that requires deletion.

00000
OUT

00000

00000
OUT

00201

00208SRCH
OUT
00201
00207READ
AND NOT 00104
00207 DELETE?
AND NOT 00104
00207DELETE END
OUT
00201
00206READ
AND
00105

102

Program After Deletion
Address

Instruction

00000
00001
00002
00003
00004
00005
00006
00007
00008

LD
AND NOT
LD
AND NOT
OR LD
AND
AND
AND NOT
OUT

Operands

Confirm that this is the
instruction to be deleted.

00100
00101
00201
00102
––
00103
00105
00104
00201

Section 4-7

Inputting, Modifying, and Checking the Program

4-7-7 Branching Instruction Lines
When an instruction line branches into two or more lines, it is sometimes necessary to use either interlocks or TR bits to maintain the execution condition that
existed at a branching point. This is because instruction lines are executed
across to a right-hand instruction before returning to the branching point to execute instructions on a branch line. If a condition exists on any of the instruction
lines after the branching point, the execution condition could change during this
time making proper execution impossible. The following diagrams illustrate this.
In both diagrams, instruction 1 is executed before returning to the branching
point and moving on to the branch line leading to instruction 2.
00000

Branching
point

Address

Instruction

Instruction 2

00000
00001
00002
00003

LD
Instruction 1
AND
Instruction 2

Instruction 1

Address

Instruction

00000
00001
00002
00003
00004

LD
AND
Instruction 1
AND
Instruction 2

Instruction 1
00002

Diagram A: Correct Operation
00000

Branching
point

Operands
00000
00002

00001

00002
Instruction 2

Diagram B: Incorrect Operation

Operands
00000
00001
00002

If, as shown in diagram A, the execution condition that existed at the branching
point cannot be changed before returning to the branch line (instructions at the
far right do not change the execution condition), then the branch line will be executed correctly and no special programming measure is required.
If, as shown in diagram B, a condition exists between the branching point and the
last instruction on the top instruction line, the execution condition at the branching point and the execution condition after completing the top instruction line will
sometimes be different, making it impossible to ensure correct execution of the
branch line.
There are two means of programming branching programs to preserve the execution condition. One is to use TR bits; the other, to use interlocks
(IL(02)/IL(03)).
TR Bits

The TR area provides eight bits, TR 0 through TR 7, that can be used to temporarily preserve execution conditions. If a TR bit is placed at a branching point, the
current execution condition will be stored at the designated TR bit. When returning to the branching point, the TR bit restores the execution status that was
saved when the branching point was first reached in program execution.

103

Section 4-7

Inputting, Modifying, and Checking the Program

The previous diagram B can be written as shown below to ensure correct execution. In mnemonic code, the execution condition is stored at the branching point
using the TR bit as the operand of the OUTPUT instruction. This execution condition is then restored after executing the right-hand instruction by using the
same TR bit as the operand of a LOAD instruction

TR 0

Address

00001

00000

Instruction 1
00002
Instruction 2

Diagram B: Corrected Using a TR bit

00000
00001
00002
00003
00004
00005
00006

Instruction

Operands

LD
OUT
AND
Instruction 1
LD
AND
Instruction 2

00000
0
00001

TR

TR

0
00002

In terms of actual instructions the above diagram would be as follows: The status
of IR 00000 is loaded (a LOAD instruction) to establish the initial execution condition. This execution condition is then output using an OUTPUT instruction to
TR 0 to store the execution condition at the branching point. The execution condition is then ANDed with the status of IR 00001 and instruction 1 is executed
accordingly. The execution condition that was stored at the branching point is
then re-loaded (a LOAD instruction with TR 0 as the operand), this is ANDed with
the status of IR 00002, and instruction 2 is executed accordingly.
The following example shows an application using two TR bits.

TR 0
00000

TR 1
00001

00002
Instruction 1
00003
Instruction 2

00004
Instruction 3
00005
Instruction 4

Address

Instruction

00000
00001
00002
00003
00004
00005
00006
00007
00008
00009
00010
00011
00012
00013
00014

LD
OUT
AND
OUT
AND
OUT
LD
AND
OUT
LD
AND
OUT
LD
AND NOT
OUT

Operands
TR
TR

TR

TR

TR

00000
0
00001
1
00002
00500
1
00003
00501
0
00004
00502
0
00005
00503

In this example, TR 0 and TR 1 are used to store the execution conditions at the
branching points. After executing instruction 1, the execution condition stored in
TR 1 is loaded for an AND with the status IR 00003. The execution condition
stored in TR 0 is loaded twice, the first time for an AND with the status of IR
00004 and the second time for an AND with the inverse of the status of IR 00005.
TR bits can be used as many times as required as long as the same TR bit is not
used more than once in the same instruction block. Here, a new instruction block
is begun each time execution returns to the bus bar. If, in a single instruction
block, it is necessary to have more than eight branching points that require the
execution condition be saved, interlocks (which are described next) must be
used.

104

Section 4-7

Inputting, Modifying, and Checking the Program

When drawing a ladder diagram, be careful not to use TR bits unless necessary.
Often the number of instructions required for a program can be reduced and
ease of understanding a program increased by redrawing a diagram that would
otherwise required TR bits. In both of the following pairs of diagrams, the bottom
versions require fewer instructions and do not require TR bits. In the first example, this is achieved by reorganizing the parts of the instruction block: the bottom
one, by separating the second OUTPUT instruction and using another LOAD instruction to create the proper execution condition for it.
Note Although simplifying programs is always a concern, the order of execution of instructions is sometimes important. For example, a MOVE instruction may be required before the execution of a BINARY ADD instruction to place the proper
data in the required operand word. Be sure that you have considered execution
order before reorganizing a program to simplify it.
TR 0
00000

00001
Instruction 1

Instruction 2

00000
Instruction 2
00001
Instruction 1

00000

00003
Instruction 1

TR 0
00001

00002

00004
Instruction 2

00001

00002

00003
Instruction 1

00000

00001

00004
Instruction 2

Note TR bits are only used when programming using mnemonic code. They are not
necessary when inputting ladder diagrams directly. The above limitations on the
number of branching points requiring TR bits, and considerations on methods to
reduce the number of programming instructions, still hold.
Interlocks

The problem of storing execution conditions at branching points can also be
handled by using the INTERLOCK (IL(02)) and INTERLOCK CLEAR (ILC(03))
instructions to eliminate the branching point completely while allowing a specific
execution condition to control a group of instructions. The INTERLOCK and INTERLOCK CLEAR instructions are always used together.

105

Section 4-7

Inputting, Modifying, and Checking the Program

When an INTERLOCK instruction is placed before a section of a ladder program, the execution condition for the INTERLOCK instruction will control the execution of all instruction up to the next INTERLOCK CLEAR instruction. If the
execution condition for the INTERLOCK instruction is OFF, all right-hand instructions through the next INTERLOCK CLEAR instruction will be executed
with OFF execution conditions to reset the entire section of the ladder diagram.
The effect that this has on particular instructions is described in 5-10 INTERLOCK and INTERLOCK CLEAR – IL(02) and ILC(03).
Diagram B can also be corrected with an interlock. Here, the conditions leading
up to the branching point are placed on an instruction line for the INTERLOCK
instruction, all of lines leading from the branching point are written as separate
instruction lines, and another instruction line is added for the INTERLOCK
CLEAR instruction. No conditions are allowed on the instruction line for INTERLOCK CLEAR. Note that neither INTERLOCK nor INTERLOCK CLEAR requires an operand.
00000
IL(02)

Address
00000
00001
00002
00003
00004
00005
00006

00001
Instruction 1
00002
Instruction 2

ILC(03)

Instruction

Operands

LD
IL(02)
LD
Instruction 1
LD
Instruction 2
ILC(03)

00000
--00001
00002
---

If IR 00000 is ON in the revised version of diagram B, above, the status of IR
00001 and that of IR 00002 would determine the execution conditions for instructions 1 and 2, respectively. Because IR 00000 is ON, this would produce the
same results as ANDing the status of each of these bits. If IR 00000 is OFF, the
INTERLOCK instruction would produce an OFF execution condition for instructions 1 and 2 and then execution would continue with the instruction line following the INTERLOCK CLEAR instruction.
As shown in the following diagram, more than one INTERLOCK instruction can
be used within one instruction block; each is effective through the next INTERLOCK CLEAR instruction.

00000
IL(02)
00001
Instruction 1
00002
IL(02)
00003

00004
Instruction 2

00005
Instruction 3
00006
Instruction 4

ILC(03)

106

Address
00000
00001
00002
00003
00004
00005
00006
00007
00008
00009
00010
00011
00012
00013

Instruction
LD
IL(02)
LD
Instruction 1
LD
IL(02)
LD
AND NOT
Instruction 2
LD
Instruction 3
LD
Instruction 4
ILC(03)

Operands
00000
--00001
00002
--00003
00004
00005
00006
---

Section 4-7

Inputting, Modifying, and Checking the Program

If IR 00000 in the above diagram is OFF (i.e., if the execution condition for the
first INTERLOCK instruction is OFF), instructions 1 through 4 would be executed with OFF execution conditions and execution would move to the instruction following the INTERLOCK CLEAR instruction. If IR 00000 is ON, the status
of IR 00001 would be loaded as the execution condition for instruction 1 and then
the status of IR 00002 would be loaded to form the execution condition for the
second INTERLOCK instruction. If IR 00002 is OFF, instructions 2 through 4 will
be executed with OFF execution conditions. If IR 00002 is ON, IR 00003, IR
00005, and IR 00006 will determine the first execution condition in new instruction lines.

4-7-8 Jumps
A specific section of a program can be skipped according to a designated execution condition. Although this is similar to what happens when the execution condition for an INTERLOCK instruction is OFF, with jumps, the operands for all instructions maintain status. Jumps can therefore be used to control devices that
require a sustained output, e.g., pneumatics and hydraulics, whereas interlocks
can be used to control devices that do not required a sustained output, e.g., electronic instruments.
Jumps are created using the JUMP (JMP(04)) and JUMP END (JME(05)) instructions. If the execution condition for a JUMP instruction is ON, the program is
executed normally as if the jump did not exist. If the execution condition for the
JUMP instruction is OFF, program execution moves immediately to a JUMP
END instruction without changing the status of anything between the JUMP and
JUMP END instruction.
All JUMP and JUMP END instructions are assigned jump numbers ranging between 00 and 99. There are two types of jumps. The jump number used determines the type of jump.
A jump can be defined using jump numbers 01 through 99 only once, i.e., each of
these numbers can be used once in a JUMP instruction and once in a JUMP
END instruction. When a JUMP instruction assigned one of these numbers is
executed, execution moves immediately to the JUMP END instruction that has
the same number as if all of the instruction between them did not exist. Diagram
B from the TR bit and interlock example could be redrawn as shown below using
a jump. Although 01 has been used as the jump number, any number between
01 and 99 could be used as long as it has not already been used in a different part
of the program. JUMP and JUMP END require no other operand and JUMP END
never has conditions on the instruction line leading to it.

00000
JMP(04) 01
00001
Instruction 1
00002
Instruction 2

JME(05) 01

Diagram B: Corrected with a Jump

Address
00000
00001
00002
00003
00004
00005
00006

Instruction
LD
JMP(04)
LD
Instruction 1
LD
Instruction 2
JME(05)

Operands
00000
01
00001
00002
015

This version of diagram B would have a shorter execution time when 00000 was
OFF than any of the other versions.

107

Section 4-8

Controlling Bit Status

The other type of jump is created with a jump number of 00. As many jumps as
desired can be created using jump number 00 and JUMP instructions using 00
can be used consecutively without a JUMP END using 00 between them. It is
even possible for all JUMP 00 instructions to move program execution to the
same JUMP END 00, i.e., only one JUMP END 00 instruction is required for all
JUMP 00 instruction in the program. When 00 is used as the jump number for a
JUMP instruction, program execution moves to the instruction following the next
JUMP END instruction with a jump number of 00. Although, as in all jumps, no
status is changed and no instructions are executed between the JUMP 00 and
JUMP END 00 instructions, the program must search for the next JUMP END 00
instruction, producing a slightly longer execution time.
Execution of programs containing multiple JUMP 00 instructions for one JUMP
END 00 instruction is similar to that of interlocked sections. The following diagram is the same as that used for the interlock example above, except redrawn
with jumps. The execution of this diagram would differ from that of the diagram
described above (e.g., in the previous diagram interlocks would reset certain
parts of the interlocked section, however, jumps do not affect the status of any bit
between the JUMP and JUMP END instructions).

00000
JMP(04) 00
00001
Instruction 1
00002
JMP(04) 00
00003

00004
Instruction 2

00005
Instruction 3
00006
Instruction 4

JME(05) 00

4-8

Address
00000
00001
00002
00003
00004
00005
00006
00007
00008
00009
00010
00011
00012
00013

Instruction
LD
JMP(04)
LD
Instruction 1
LD
JMP(04)
LD
AND NOT
Instruction 2
LD
Instruction 3
LD
Instruction 4
JME(05)

Operands
00000
00
00001
00002
00
00003
00004
00005
00006
00

Controlling Bit Status
There are five instructions that can be used generally to control individual bit status. These are the OUTPUT, OUTPUT NOT, DIFFERENTIATE UP,
DIFFERENTIATE DOWN, and KEEP instructions. All of these instructions appear as the last instruction in an instruction line and take a bit address for an operand. Although details are provided in 5-9 Bit Control Instructions, these instructions (except for OUTPUT and OUTPUT NOT, which have already been introduced) are described here because of their importance in most programs. Although these instructions are used to turn ON and OFF output bits in the IR area
(i.e., to send or stop output signals to external devices), they are also used to
control the status of other bits in the IR area or in other data areas.

108

Section 4-8

Controlling Bit Status

4-8-1 DIFFERENTIATE UP and DIFFERENTIATE DOWN
DIFFERENTIATE UP and DIFFERENTIATE DOWN instructions are used to
turn the operand bit ON for one cycle at a time. The DIFFERENTIATE UP instruction turns ON the operand bit for one cycle after the execution condition for
it goes from OFF to ON; the DIFFERENTIATE DOWN instruction turns ON the
operand bit for one cycle after the execution condition for it goes from ON to OFF.
Both of these instructions require only one line of mnemonic code.

00000
DIFU(13) 00200

Address

Instruction

00000
00001

LD
DIFU(13)

Address

Instruction

00000
00001

LD
DIFD(14)

Operands
00000
00200

00001
DIFD(14) 00201

Operands
00001
00201

Here, IR 00200 will be turned ON for one cycle after IR 00000 goes ON. The next
time DIFU(13) 00200 is executed, IR 00200 will be turned OFF, regardless of the
status of IR 00000. With the DIFFERENTIATE DOWN instruction, IR 00201 will
be turned ON for one cycle after IR 00001 goes OFF (IR 00201 will be kept OFF
until then), and will be turned OFF the next time DIFD(14) 00201 is executed.

4-8-2 KEEP
The KEEP instruction is used to maintain the status of the operand bit based on
two execution conditions. To do this, the KEEP instruction is connected to two
instruction lines. When the execution condition at the end of the first instruction
line is ON, the operand bit of the KEEP instruction is turned ON. When the execution condition at the end of the second instruction line is ON, the operand bit of
the KEEP instruction is turned OFF. The operand bit for the KEEP instruction will
maintain its ON or OFF status even if it is located in an interlocked section of the
diagram.
In the following example, HR 0000 will be turned ON when IR 00002 is ON and IR
00003 is OFF. HR 0000 will then remain ON until either IR 00004 or IR 00005
turns ON. With KEEP, as with all instructions requiring more than one instruction
line, the instruction lines are coded first before the instruction that they control.

00002

00003

S: set input

HR 0000

00004

00005

KEEP(11)

R: reset input

Address

Instruction

00000
00001
00002
00003
00004

LD
AND NOT
LD
OR
KEEP(11)

Operands

HR

00002
00003
00004
00005
0000

4-8-3 Self-maintaining Bits (Seal)
Although the KEEP instruction can be used to create self-maintaining bits, it is
sometimes necessary to create self-maintaining bits in another way so that they
can be turned OFF when in an interlocked section of a program.

109

Section 4-9

Work Bits

To create a self-maintaining bit, the operand bit of an OUTPUT instruction is
used as a condition for the same OUTPUT instruction in an OR setup so that the
operand bit of the OUTPUT instruction will remain ON or OFF until changes occur in other bits. At least one other condition is used just before the OUTPUT
instruction to function as a reset. Without this reset, there would be no way to
control the operand bit of the OUTPUT instruction.
The above diagram for the KEEP instruction can be rewritten as shown below.
The only difference in these diagrams would be their operation in an interlocked
program section when the execution condition for the INTERLOCK instruction
was ON. Here, just as in the same diagram using the KEEP instruction, two reset
bits are used, i.e., HR 0000 can be turned OFF by turning ON either IR 00004 or
IR 00005.

00002

00003

00004

00005
HR 0000

HR 0000

4-9

Address

Instruction

00000
00001
00002
00003
00004
00005

LD
AND NOT
OR
AND NOT
AND NOT
OUT

Operands

HR

HR

00002
00003
0000
00004
00005
0000

Work Bits (Internal Relays)
In programming, combining conditions to directly produce execution conditions
is often extremely difficult. These difficulties are easily overcome, however, by
using certain bits to trigger other instructions indirectly. Such programming is
achieved by using work bits. Sometimes entire words are required for these purposes. These words are referred to as work words.
Work bits are not transferred to or from the PC. They are bits selected by the
programmer to facilitate programming as described above. I/O bits and other
dedicated bits cannot be used as works bits. All bits in the IR area that are not
allocated as I/O bits, and certain unused bits in the AR area, are available for use
as work bits. Be careful to keep an accurate record of how and where you use
work bits. This helps in program planning and writing, and also aids in debugging
operations.

Work Bit Applications

Examples given later in this subsection show two of the most common ways to
employ work bits. These should act as a guide to the almost limitless number of
ways in which the work bits can be used. Whenever difficulties arise in programming a control action, consideration should be given to work bits and how they
might be used to simplify programming.
Work bits are often used with the OUTPUT, OUTPUT NOT, DIFFERENTIATE
UP, DIFFERENTIATE DOWN, and KEEP instructions. The work bit is used first
as the operand for one of these instructions so that later it can be used as a condition that will determine how other instructions will be executed. Work bits can
also be used with other instructions, e.g., with the SHIFT REGISTER instruction
(SFT(10)). An example of the use of work words and bits with the SHIFT REGISTER instruction is provided in 5-15-1 SHIFT REGISTER – SFT(10).
Although they are not always specifically referred to as work bits, many of the
bits used in the examples in Section 5 Instruction Set use work bits. Understanding the use of these bits is essential to effective programming.

110

Section 4-9

Work Bits

Work bits can be used to simplify programming when a certain combination of
conditions is repeatedly used in combination with other conditions. In the following example, IR 00000, IR 00001, IR 00002, and IR 00003 are combined in a
logic block that stores the resulting execution condition as the status of IR
24600. IR 24600 is then combined with various other conditions to determine
output conditions for IR 00100, IR 00101, and IR 00102, i.e., to turn the outputs
allocated to these bits ON or OFF.

Reducing Complex
Conditions

00000

00001
24600

00002

00003

24600

00004

00005
00100

24600

00005
00101

00004

24600

Address

Instruction

00000
00001
00002
00003
00004
00005
00006
00007
00008
00009
00010
00011
00012
00013
00014
00015
00016

LD
AND NOT
OR
OR NOT
OUT
LD
AND
AND NOT
OUT
LD
OR NOT
AND
OUT
LD NOT
OR
OR
OUT

Operands
00000
00001
00002
00003
24600
24600
00004
00005
00100
24600
00004
00005
00101
24600
00006
00007
00102

00102

00006

00007

Differentiated Conditions

Work bits can also be used if differential treatment is necessary for some, but not
all, of the conditions required for execution of an instruction. In this example, IR
00100 must be left ON continuously as long as IR 00001 is ON and both IR
00002 and IR 00003 are OFF, or as long as IR 00004 is ON and IR 00005 is OFF.
It must be turned ON for only one cycle each time IR 00000 turns ON (unless one
of the preceding conditions is keeping it ON continuously).

111

Section 4-10

Programming Precautions

This action is easily programmed by using IR 22500 as a work bit as the operand
of the DIFFERENTIATE UP instruction (DIFU(13)). When IR 00000 turns ON, IR
22500 will be turned ON for one cycle and then be turned OFF the next cycle by
DIFU(13). Assuming the other conditions controlling IR 00100 are not keeping it
ON, the work bit IR 22500 will turn IR 00100 ON for one cycle only.
00000
DIFU(13) 22500
22500
00100
00001

00002

00004

00003

00005

Address

Instruction

00000
00001
00002
00003
00004
00005
00006
00007
00008
00009
00010

LD
DIFU(13)
LD
LD
AND NOT
AND NOT
OR LD
LD
AND NOT
OR LD
OUT

Operands
00000
22500
22500
00001
00002
00003
--00004
00005
--00100

4-10 Programming Precautions
The number of conditions that can be used in series or parallel is unlimited as
long as the memory capacity of the PC is not exceeded. Therefore, use as many
conditions as required to draw a clear diagram. Although very complicated diagrams can be drawn with instruction lines, there must not be any conditions on
lines running vertically between two other instruction lines. Diagram A shown
below, for example, is not possible, and should be drawn as diagram B. Mnemonic code is provided for diagram B only; coding diagram A would be impossible.
00000

00002
Instruction 1

00004
00001

00003
Instruction 2

Diagram A

00001

00002

00004

Address

Instruction

00000
00001
00002
00003
00004
00005
00006
00007
00008
00009

LD
AND
OR
AND
Instruction 1
LD
AND
OR
AND NOT
Instruction 2

Operands

Instruction 1
00000

00000

00003

00004

Instruction 2
00001

Diagram B

00001
00004
00000
00002
00000
00004
00001
00003

The number of times any particular bit can be assigned to conditions is not limited, so use them as many times as required to simplify your program. Often,
complicated programs are the result of attempts to reduce the number of times a
bit is used.

112

Section 4-10

Programming Precautions

Except for instructions for which conditions are not allowed (e.g., INTERLOCK
CLEAR and JUMP END, see below), every instruction line must also have at
least one condition on it to determine the execution condition for the instruction
at the right. Again, diagram A , below, must be drawn as diagram B. If an instruction must be continuously executed (e.g., if an output must always be kept ON
while the program is being executed), the Always ON Flag (SR 25313) in the SR
area can be used.

Instruction

Diagram A: Incorrect

25313
Instruction

Diagram B

Address

Instruction

00000
00001

LD
Instruction

Operands
25313

There are a few exceptions to this rule, including the INTERLOCK CLEAR,
JUMP END, and step instructions. Each of these instructions is used as the second of a pair of instructions and is controlled by the execution condition of the
first of the pair. Conditions should not be placed on the instruction lines leading to
these instructions. Refer to Section 5 Instruction Set for details.
When drawing ladder diagrams, it is important to keep in mind the number of
instructions that will be required to input it. In diagram A, below, an OR LOAD
instruction will be required to combine the top and bottom instruction lines. This
can be avoided by redrawing as shown in diagram B so that no AND LOAD or OR
LOAD instructions are required. Refer to 5-8-2 AND LOAD and OR LOAD for
more details and Section 7 Program Monitoring and Execution for further examples.

Address

00000
00207

00001 00207

00000
00001
00002
00003
00004

Instruction
LD
LD
AND
OR LD
OUT

Operands
00000
00001
00207
--00207

Diagram A
Address

00001 00207
00207

00000

00000
00001
00002
00003

Instruction
LD
AND
OR
OUT

Operands
00001
00207
00000
002

Diagram B

113

Section 4-11

Program Execution

4-11 Program Execution
When program execution is started, the CPU cycles the program from top to bottom, checking all conditions and executing all instructions accordingly as it
moves down the bus bar. It is important that instructions be placed in the proper
order so that, for example, the desired data is moved to a word before that word
is used as the operand for an instruction. Remember that an instruction line is
completed to the terminal instruction at the right before executing an instruction
lines branching from the first instruction line to other terminal instructions at the
right.
Program execution is only one of the tasks carried out by the CPU as part of the
cycle time. Refer to Section 6 Program Execution Timing for details.

114

SECTION 5
Instruction Set
The C200HS PC has a large programming instruction set that allows for easy programming of complicated control processes.
This section explains instructions individually and provides the ladder diagram symbol, data areas, and flags used with each.
The C200HS can process more than 100 instructions that require function codes, but only 100 function codes (00 to 99) are
available. Some instructions, called expansion instructions, do not have fixed function codes and must be assigned function
codes from the 18 function codes set aside for expansion instructions before they can be used.
The many instructions provided by the C200HS are organized in the following subsections by instruction group. These groups
include Ladder Diagram Instructions, Bit Control Instructions, Timer and Counter Instructions, Data Shifting Instructions,
Data Movement Instructions, Data Comparison Instructions, Data Conversion Instructions, BCD Calculation Instructions,
Binary Calculation Instructions, Logic Instructions, Subroutines, Special Instructions, and Network Instructions.
Some instructions, such as Timer and Counter instructions, are used to control execution of other instructions, e.g., a TIM
Completion Flag might be used to turn ON a bit when the time period set for the timer has expired. Although these other
instructions are often used to control output bits through the Output instruction, they can be used to control execution of other
instructions as well. The Output instructions used in examples in this manual can therefore generally be replaced by other
instructions to modify the program for specific applications other than controlling output bits directly.
5-1
Notation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
118
5-2
Instruction Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
118
5-3
Data Areas, Definer Values, and Flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
118
5-4
Differentiated Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
119
5-5
Expansion Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
120
5-6
Coding Right-hand Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
122
5-7
Instruction Set Lists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
125
5-7-1
Function Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
125
5-7-2
Alphabetic List by Mnemonic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
125
5-8
Ladder Diagram Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
129
5-8-1
LOAD, LOAD NOT, AND, AND NOT, OR, and OR NOT . . . . . . . .
129
5-8-2
AND LOAD and OR LOAD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
130
5-9
Bit Control Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
130
5-9-1
OUTPUT and OUTPUT NOT – OUT and OUT NOT . . . . . . . . . . . . .
130
5-9-2
DIFFERENTIATE UP and DOWN – DIFU(13) and DIFD(14) . . . . . .
131
5-9-3
SET and RESET – SET and RSET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
133
5-9-4
KEEP – KEEP(11) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
133
5-10 INTERLOCK and INTERLOCK CLEAR – IL(02) and ILC(03) . . . . . . . . . . . . .
135
5-11 JUMP and JUMP END – JMP(04) and JME(05) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
137
5-12 END – END(01) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
138
5-13 NO OPERATION – NOP(00) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
138
5-14 Timer and Counter Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
138
5-14-1
TIMER – TIM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
139
5-14-2
HIGH-SPEED TIMER – TIMH(15) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
143
5-14-3
TOTALIZING TIMER – TTIM(87) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
144
5-14-4
COUNTER – CNT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
145
5-14-5
REVERSIBLE COUNTER – CNTR(12) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
148
5-15 Data Shifting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
150
5-15-1
SHIFT REGISTER – SFT(10) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
150
5-15-2
REVERSIBLE SHIFT REGISTER – SFTR(84) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
152
5-15-3
ARITHMETIC SHIFT LEFT – ASL(25) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
154
5-15-4
ARITHMETIC SHIFT RIGHT – ASR(26) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
154
5-15-5
ROTATE LEFT – ROL(27) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
155
5-15-6
ROTATE RIGHT – ROR(28) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
155
5-15-7
ONE DIGIT SHIFT LEFT – SLD(74) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
156
5-15-8
ONE DIGIT SHIFT RIGHT – SRD(75) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
156
5-15-9
WORD SHIFT – WSFT(16) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
157
5-15-10 ASYNCHRONOUS SHIFT REGISTER – ASFT(17) . . . . . . . . . . . . .
157
5-16 Data Movement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
158
5-16-1
MOVE – MOV(21) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
159

115

5-16-2
MOVE NOT – MVN(22) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-16-3
BLOCK SET – BSET(71) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-16-4
BLOCK TRANSFER – XFER(70) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-16-5
DATA EXCHANGE – XCHG(73) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-16-6
SINGLE WORD DISTRIBUTE – DIST(80) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-16-7
DATA COLLECT – COLL(81) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-16-8
MOVE BIT – MOVB(82) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-16-9
MOVE DIGIT – MOVD(83) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-16-10 TRANSFER BITS – XFRB(62) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-17 Data Comparison . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-17-1
MULTI-WORD COMPARE – MCMP(19) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-17-2
COMPARE – CMP(20) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-17-3
DOUBLE COMPARE – CMPL(60) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-17-4
BLOCK COMPARE – BCMP(68) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-17-5
TABLE COMPARE – TCMP(85) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-17-6
AREA RANGE COMPARE – ZCP(88) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-17-7
DOUBLE AREA RANGE COMPARE – ZCPL(––) . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-17-8
SIGNED BINARY COMPARE – CPS(––) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-17-9
DOUBLE SIGNED BINARY COMPARE – CPSL(––) . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-18 Data Conversion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-18-1
BCD-TO-BINARY – BIN(23) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-18-2
DOUBLE BCD-TO-DOUBLE BINARY – BINL(58) . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-18-3
BINARY-TO-BCD – BCD(24) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-18-4
DOUBLE BINARY-TO-DOUBLE BCD – BCDL(59) . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-18-5
HOURS-TO-SECONDS – SEC(65) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-18-6
SECONDS-TO-HOURS – HMS(66) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-18-7
4-TO-16 DECODER – MLPX(76) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-18-8
16-TO-4 ENCODER – DMPX(77) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-18-9
7-SEGMENT DECODER – SDEC(78) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-18-10 ASCII CONVERT – ASC(86) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-18-11 ASCII-TO-HEXADECIMAL – HEX(––) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-18-12 SCALING – SCL(––) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-18-13 COLUMN TO LINE – LINE(63) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-18-14 LINE TO COLUMN – COLM(64) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-18-15 2’S COMPLEMENT – NEG(––) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-18-16 DOUBLE 2’S COMPLEMENT – NEGL(––) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-19 BCD Calculations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-19-1
INCREMENT – INC(38) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-19-2
DECREMENT – DEC(39) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-19-3
SET CARRY – STC(40) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-19-4
CLEAR CARRY – CLC(41) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-19-5
BCD ADD – ADD(30) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-19-6
DOUBLE BCD ADD – ADDL(54) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-19-7
BCD SUBTRACT – SUB(31) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-19-8
DOUBLE BCD SUBTRACT – SUBL(55) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-19-9
BCD MULTIPLY – MUL(32) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-19-10 DOUBLE BCD MULTIPLY – MULL(56) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-19-11 BCD DIVIDE – DIV(33) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-19-12 DOUBLE BCD DIVIDE – DIVL(57) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-19-13 FLOATING POINT DIVIDE – FDIV(79) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-19-14 SQUARE ROOT – ROOT(72) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-20 Binary Calculations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-20-1
BINARY ADD – ADB(50) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-20-2
BINARY SUBTRACT – SBB(51) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-20-3
BINARY MULTIPLY – MLB(52) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-20-4
BINARY DIVIDE – DVB(53) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-20-5
DOUBLE BINARY ADD – ADBL(––) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-20-6
DOUBLE BINARY SUBTRACT – SBBL(––) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-20-7
SIGNED BINARY MULTIPLY – MBS(––) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-20-8
DOUBLE SIGNED BINARY MULTIPLY – MBSL(––) . . . . . . . . . . .

116

159
160
161
162
162
164
166
167
168
169
169
170
172
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
180
181
181
182
183
184
185
188
191
194
195
198
200
201
202
203
204
204
204
205
205
205
206
207
209
211
212
212
213
214
217
219
219
221
224
224
225
227
229
230

5-20-9
5-20-10

SIGNED BINARY DIVIDE – DBS(––) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DOUBLE SIGNED BINARY DIVIDE – DBSL(––) . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

231
232

5-21

Special Math Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-21-1
FIND MAXIMUM – MAX(––) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-21-2
FIND MINIMUM – MIN(––) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-21-3
AVERAGE VALUE – AVG(––) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-21-4
SUM – SUM(––) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-21-5
ARITHMETIC PROCESS – APR(69) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-21-6
PID CONTROL – PID(––) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

233
233
234
235
237
239
242

5-22

Logic Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-22-1
COMPLEMENT – COM(29) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-22-2
LOGICAL AND – ANDW(34) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-22-3
LOGICAL OR – ORW(35) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-22-4
EXCLUSIVE OR – XORW(36) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-22-5
EXCLUSIVE NOR – XNRW(37) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

249
249
250
251
252
253

5-23

Subroutines and Interrupt Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-23-1
Subroutines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-23-2
Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-23-3
SUBROUTINE ENTER – SBS(91) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-23-4
SUBROUTINE DEFINE and RETURN – SBN(92)/RET(93) . . . . . . .
5-23-5
MACRO – MCRO(99) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-23-6
INTERRUPT CONTROL – INT(89) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

253
253
254
257
259
260
262

5-24

Step Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-24-1
STEP DEFINE and STEP START–STEP(08)/SNXT(09) . . . . . . . . . .

266
266

5-25

Special Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-25-1
FAILURE ALARM – FAL(06) and
SEVERE FAILURE ALARM – FALS(07) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-25-2
CYCLE TIME – SCAN(18) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-25-3
TRACE MEMORY SAMPLING – TRSM(45) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-25-4
MESSAGE DISPLAY – MSG(46) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-25-5
LONG MESSAGE – LMSG(47) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-25-6
TERMINAL MODE – TERM(48) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-25-7
WATCHDOG TIMER REFRESH – WDT(94) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-25-8
I/O REFRESH – IORF(97) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-25-9
GROUP-2 HIGH-DENSITY I/O REFRESH – MPRF(61) . . . . . . . . .
5-25-10 BIT COUNTER – BCNT(67) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-25-11 FRAME CHECKSUM – FCS(––) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-25-12 FAILURE POINT DETECTION – FPD(––) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-25-13 DATA SEARCH – SRCH(––) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-25-14 EXPANSION DM READ – XDMR(––) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

275
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
281
282
283
283
285
289
290

5-26

Network Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-26-1
NETWORK SEND – SEND(90) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-26-2
NETWORK RECEIVE – RECV(98) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-26-3
About Network Communications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

291
291
293
295

5-27

Serial Communications Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-27-1
RECEIVE – RXD(––) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-27-2
TRANSMIT – TXD(––) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

297
297
299

5-28

Advanced I/O Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-28-1
7-SEGMENT DISPLAY OUTPUT – 7SEG(––) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-28-2
DIGITAL SWITCH INPUT – DSW(––) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-28-3
HEXADECIMAL KEY INPUT – HKY(––) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-28-4
TEN KEY INPUT – TKY(––) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-28-5
MATRIX INPUT – MTR(––) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

301
301
304
308
311
313

117

Data Areas, Definer Values, and Flags

5-1

Section 5-3

Notation
In the remainder of this manual, all instructions will be referred to by their mnemonics. For example, the Output instruction will be called OUT; the AND Load
instruction, AND LD. If you’re not sure of the instruction a mnemonic is used for,
refer to Appendix B Programming Instructions.
If an instruction is assigned a function code, it will be given in parentheses after
the mnemonic. These function codes, which are 2-digit decimal numbers, are
used to input most instructions into the CPU and are described briefly below and
in more detail in 4-7 Inputting, Modifying, and Checking the Program. A table of
instructions listed in order of function codes, is also provided in Appendix B.
An @ before a mnemonic indicates the differentiated version of that instruction.
Differentiated instructions are explained in Section 5-4.

5-2

Instruction Format
Most instructions have at least one or more operands associated with them. Operands indicate or provide the data on which an instruction is to be performed.
These are sometimes input as the actual numeric values (i.e., as constants), but
are usually the addresses of data area words or bits that contain the data to be
used. A bit whose address is designated as an operand is called an operand bit;
a word whose address is designated as an operand is called an operand word. In
some instructions, the word address designated in an instruction indicates the
first of multiple words containing the desired data.
Each instruction requires one or more words in Program Memory. The first word
is the instruction word, which specifies the instruction and contains any definers
(described below) or operand bits required by the instruction. Other operands
required by the instruction are contained in following words, one operand per
word. Some instructions require up to four words.
A definer is an operand associated with an instruction and contained in the same
word as the instruction itself. These operands define the instruction rather than
telling what data it is to use. Examples of definers are TC numbers, which are
used in timer and counter instructions to create timers and counters, as well as
jump numbers (which define which Jump instruction is paired with which Jump
End instruction). Bit operands are also contained in the same word as the instruction itself, although these are not considered definers.

5-3

Data Areas, Definer Values, and Flags
In this section, each instruction description includes its ladder diagram symbol,
the data areas that can be used by its operands, and the values that can be used
as definers. Details for the data areas are also specified by the operand names
and the type of data required for each operand (i.e., word or bit and, for words,
hexadecimal or BCD).
Not all addresses in the specified data areas are necessarily allowed for an operand, e.g., if an operand requires two words, the last word in a data area cannot
be designated as the first word of the operand because all words for a single operand must be within the same data area. Also, not all words in the SR and DM
areas are writeable as operands (see Section 3 Memory Areas for details.) Other specific limitations are given in a Limitations subsection. Refer to Section 3
Memory Areas for addressing conventions and the addresses of flags and control bits.

118

Section 5-4

Differentiated Instructions
! Caution

The IR and SR areas are considered as separate data areas. If an operand has access to one
area, it doesn’t necessarily mean that the same operand will have access to the other area. The
border between the IR and SR areas can, however, be crossed for a single operand, i.e., the last
bit in the IR area may be specified for an operand that requires more than one word as long as the
SR area is also allowed for that operand.
The Flags subsection lists flags that are affected by execution of an instruction.
These flags include the following SR area flags.
Abbreviation
ER
CY
GR
EQ
LE
OF
UF

Name
Instruction Execution Error Flag
Carry Flag
Greater Than Flag
Equals Flag
Less Than Flag
Overflow Flag
Underflow Flag

Bit
25503
25504
25505
25506
25507
25404
25405

ER is the flag most commonly used for monitoring an instruction’s execution.
When ER goes ON, it indicates that an error has occurred in attempting to execute the current instruction. The Flags subsection of each instruction lists possible reasons for ER being ON. ER will turn ON if operands are not entered correctly. Instructions are not executed when ER is ON. A table of instructions and
the flags they affect is provided in Appendix C Error and Arithmetic Flag Operation.
Indirect Addressing

When the DM area is specified for an operand, an indirect address can be used.
Indirect DM addressing is specified by placing an asterisk before the DM: ∗DM.
When an indirect DM address is specified, the designated DM word will contain
the address of the DM word that contains the data that will be used as the operand
of the instruction. If, for example, ∗DM 0001 was designated as the first operand
and LR 00 as the second operand of MOV(21), the contents of DM 0001 was
1111, and DM 1111 contained 5555, the value 5555 would be moved to LR 00.
MOV(21)
∗DM 0001
LR 00

Indirect
address

Word
DM 0000
DM 0001
DM 0002

Content
4C59
1111
F35A

DM 1111
DM 1113
DM 1114

5555
2506
D541

Indicates
DM 1111.

5555 moved
to LR 00.

When using indirect addressing, the address of the desired word must be in BCD
and it must specify a word within the DM area. In the above example, the content
of ∗DM 0000 would have to be in BCD between 0000 and 1999.
Designating Constants

5-4

Although data area addresses are most often given as operands, many operands and all definers are input as constants. The available value range for a
given definer or operand depends on the particular instruction that uses it. Constants must also be entered in the form required by the instruction, i.e., in BCD or
in hexadecimal.

Differentiated Instructions
Most instructions are provided in both differentiated and non-differentiated
forms. Differentiated instructions are distinguished by an @ in front of the instruction mnemonic.

119

Section 5-5

Expansion Instructions

A non-differentiated instruction is executed each time it is cycled as long as its
execution condition is ON. A differentiated instruction is executed only once after its execution condition goes from OFF to ON. If the execution condition has
not changed or has changed from ON to OFF since the last time the instruction
was cycled, the instruction will not be executed. The following two examples
show how this works with MOV(21) and @MOV(21), which are used to move the
data in the address designated by the first operand to the address designated by
the second operand.
00000
MOV(21)
HR 10

Diagram A

DM 0000

Address
00000
00001

Instruction

Operands

LD
MOV(21)

00000
HR
DM

10
0000

00000

Diagram B

@MOV(21)

Address

Instruction

HR 10

00000
00001

LD
@MOV(21)

DM 0000

Operands
00000
HR
DM

10
0000

In diagram A, the non-differentiated MOV(21) will move the content of HR 10 to
DM 0000 whenever it is cycled with 00000. If the cycle time is 80 ms and 00000
remains ON for 2.0 seconds, this move operation will be performed 25 times and
only the last value moved to DM 0000 will be preserved there.
In diagram B, the differentiated @MOV(21) will move the content of HR 10 to DM
0000 only once after 00000 goes ON. Even if 00000 remains ON for 2.0 seconds
with the same 80 ms cycle time, the move operation will be executed only once
during the first cycle in which 00000 has changed from OFF to ON. Because the
content of HR 10 could very well change during the 2 seconds while 00000 is
ON, the final content of DM 0000 after the 2 seconds could be different depending on whether MOV(21) or @MOV(21) was used.
All operands, ladder diagram symbols, and other specifications for instructions
are the same regardless of whether the differentiated or non-differentiated form
of an instruction is used. When inputting, the same function codes are also used,
but NOT is input after the function code to designate the differentiated form of an
instruction. Most, but not all, instructions have differentiated forms.
Refer to 5-10 INTERLOCK and INTERLOCK CLEAR – IL(02) and IL(03) for the
effects of interlocks on differentiated instructions.
The C200HS also provides differentiation instructions: DIFU(13) and DIFD(14).
DIFU(13) operates the same as a differentiated instruction, but is used to turn
ON a bit for one cycle. DIFD(14) also turns ON a bit for one cycle, but does it
when the execution condition has changed from ON to OFF. Refer to 5-9-2 DIFFERENTIATE UP and DOWN - DIFU(13) and DIFD(14) for details.
! Caution

5-5

Do not use SR 25313 and SR25315 for differentiated instructions. These bits
never change status and will not trigger differentiated instructions

Expansion Instructions
The C200HS has more instructions that require function codes (121) than function codes (100), so some instructions do not have fixed function codes. These
instructions, called expansion instructions, are listed in the following table. Default function codes are given for the instructions that have them.
An expansion instruction can be assigned one of 18 function codes using the
Programming Console’s Expansion Instruction Function Code Assignments operation. The 18 function codes are: 17, 18, 19, 47, 48, 60 to 69, 87, 88, and 89.
Refer to 7-1-14 Expansion Instruction Function Code Assignments for details on
assigning function codes.

120

Section 5-5

Expansion Instructions
Code

Mnemonic

Name

Page

17

(@)ASFT

ASYNCHRONOUS SHIFT REGISTER

157

18

(@)SCAN

CYCLE TIME

276

19

(@)MCMP

MULTI-WORD COMPARE

169

47

(@)LMSG

32-CHARACTER MESSAGE

279

48

(@)TERM

TERMINAL MODE

280

60

CMPL

DOUBLE COMPARE

172

61

(@)MPRF

GROUP-2 HIGH-DENSITY I/O REFRESH

282

62

(@)XFRB

TRANSFER BITS

168

63

(@)LINE

COLUMN TO LINE

200

64

(@)COLM

LINE TO COLUMN

201

65

(@)SEC

HOURS TO SECONDS

183

66

(@)HMS

SECONDS TO HOURS

184

67

(@)BCNT

BIT COUNTER

283

68

(@)BCMP

BLOCK COMPARE

174

69

(@)APR

ARITHMETIC PROCESS

239

87

TTIM

TOTALIZING TIMER

144

88

ZCP

AREA RANGE COMPARE

176

89

(@)INT

INTERRUPT CONTROL

262

---

7SEG

7-SEGMENT DISPLAY OUTPUT

301

---

(@)ADBL

DOUBLE BINARY ADD

225

---

AVG

AVERAGE VALUE

235

---

CPS

SIGNED BINARY COMPARE

178

---

CPSL

DOUBLE SIGNED BINARY COMPARE

179

---

(@)DBS

SIGNED BINARY DIVIDE

231

---

(@)DBSL

DOUBLE SIGNED BINARY DIVIDE

232

---

DSW

DIGITAL SWITCH INPUT

304

---

(@)FCS

FCS CALCULATE

283

---

FPD

FAILURE POINT DETECT

285

---

(@)HEX

ASCII-TO-HEXADECIMAL

195

---

HKY

HEXADECIMAL KEY INPUT

308

---

(@)MAX

FIND MAXIMUM

233

---

(@)MBS

SIGNED BINARY MULTIPLY

229

---

(@)MBSL

DOUBLE SIGNED BINARY MULTIPLY

230

---

(@)MIN

FIND MINIMUM

234

---

MTR

MATRIX INPUT

313

---

(@)NEG

2’S COMPLEMENT

202

---

(@)NEGL

DOUBLE 2’S COMPLEMENT

203

---

PID

PID CONTROL

242

---

(@)RXD

RECEIVE

297

---

(@)SBBL

DOUBLE BINARY SUBTRACT

227

---

(@)SCL

SCALING

198

---

(@)SRCH

DATA SEARCH

289

---

(@)SUM

SUM CALCULATE

237

---

(@)TKY

TEN KEY INPUT

311

---

(@)TXD

TRANSMIT

299

---

(@)XDMR

EXPANSION DM READ

290

---

ZCPL

DOUBLE AREA RANGE COMPARE

177

121

Coding Right-hand Instructions

5-6

Section 5-6

Coding Right-hand Instructions
Writing mnemonic code for ladder instructions is described in Section 4 Writing
and Inputting the Program. Converting the information in the ladder diagram
symbol for all other instructions follows the same pattern, as described below,
and is not specified for each instruction individually.
The first word of any instruction defines the instruction and provides any definers. If the instruction requires only a signal bit operand with no definer, the bit
operand is also placed on the same line as the mnemonic. All other operands are
placed on lines after the instruction line, one operand per line and in the same
order as they appear in the ladder symbol for the instruction.
The address and instruction columns of the mnemonic code table are filled in for
the instruction word only. For all other lines, the left two columns are left blank. If
the instruction requires no definer or bit operand, the data column is left blank for
first line. It is a good idea to cross through any blank data column spaces (for all
instruction words that do not require data) so that the data column can be quickly
scanned to see if any addresses have been left out.
If an IR or SR address is used in the data column, the left side of the column is left
blank. If any other data area is used, the data area abbreviation is placed on the
left side and the address is place on the right side. If a constant to be input, the
number symbol (#) is placed on the left side of the data column and the number
to be input is placed on the right side. Any numbers input as definers in the instruction word do not require the number symbol on the right side. TC bits, once
defined as a timer or counter, take a TIM (timer) or CNT (counter) prefix.
When coding an instruction that has a function code, be sure to write in the function code, which will be necessary when inputting the instruction via the Programming Console. Also be sure to designate the differentiated instruction with
the @ symbol.

122

Section 5-6

Coding Right-hand Instructions

The following diagram and corresponding mnemonic code illustrates the points
described above.
00000

Address Instruction

00001
DIFU(13) 22500
00002

00100

00200

22500
BCNT(67)

01001 01002

LR 6300

Data

00000

LD

00000

00001

AND

00001

00002

OR

00002

00003

DIFU(13)

22500

00004

LD

00100

00005

AND NOT

00200

00006

LD

01001

00007

AND NOT

01002

00008

AND NOT

00009

OR LD

00010

AND

00011

BCNT(67)

#0001
004
HR 00

00005
TIM 000

LR

6300
––
22500

#0150
TIM 000

––
#

MOV(21)

0001
004

HR 00

HR

LR 00

HR 0015

00012

LD

00013

TIM

00005
000
#

00500

00014

LD

00015

MOV(21)

00016

LD

00017

OUT NOT

00

TIM

0150
000
––

HR

00

LR

00

HR

0015
00500

123

Section 5-6

Coding Right-hand Instructions
Multiple Instruction Lines

00000

If a right-hand instruction requires multiple instruction lines (such as KEEP(11)),
all of the lines for the instruction are entered before the right-hand instruction.
Each of the lines for the instruction is coded, starting with LD or LD NOT, to form
‘logic blocks’ that are combined by the right-hand instruction. An example of this
for SFT(10) is shown below.
Address Instruction

00001

I
SFT(10)

00002

P
HR 00

00100

00200

01001 01002

22500

R

HR 00

00500

124

LD

00000

00001

AND

00001

00002

LD

00002

00003

LD

00100

00004

AND NOT

00200

00005

LD

01001

00006

AND NOT

00007

AND NOT

00008

OR LD

00009

AND

00010

SFT(10)

LR 6300

HR 0015

END(01)

Data

00000

00011

LD

00012

OUT NOT

01002
LR

6300
––
22500
––

HR

00

HR

00

HR

0015
00500

When you have finished coding the program, make sure you have placed
END(01) at the last address.

Section 5-7

Instruction Set Lists

5-7

Instruction Set Lists
This section provides tables of the instructions available in the C200HS. The first
table can be used to find instructions by function code. The second table can be
used to find instruction by mnemonic. In both tables, the @ symbol indicates instructions with differentiated variations.
Note Refer to 5-5 Expansion Instructions for a list of the expansion instructions.

5-7-1 Function Codes
The following table lists the instructions that have fixed function codes. Each instruction is listed by mnemonic and by instruction name. Use the numbers in the
leftmost column as the left digit and the number in the column heading as the
right digit of the function code.
Right digit

Left
e
digit
di
it

2

3

0

NOP
NO
OPERATION

0
END
END

1

IL
INTERLOCK

ILC
INTERLOCK
CLEAR

JMP
JUMP

4

JME
JUMP END

5

(@) FAL
FAILURE
ALARM AND
RESET

6

FALS
SEVERE
FAILURE
ALARM

7

STEP
STEP
DEFINE

8

SNXT
STEP START

9

1

SFT
SHIFT
REGISTER

KEEP
KEEP

CNTR
REVERSIBLE
COUNTER

DIFU
DIFFERENTIATE UP

DIFD
DIFFERENTIATE DOWN

TIMH
HIGHSPEED
TIMER

(@) WSFT
WORD
SHIFT

(@) ASFT
ASYNCHRONOUS SHIFT
REGISTER

(@) SCAN
CYCLE TIME

(@) MCMP
MULTIWORD
COMPARE

2

CMP
COMPARE

(@) MOV
MOVE

(@) MVN
MOVE NOT

(@) BIN
BCD TO
BINARY

(@) BCD
BINARY TO
BCD

(@) ASL
SHIFT LEFT

(@) ASR
SHIFT
RIGHT

(@) ROL
ROTATE
LEFT

(@) ROR
ROTATE
RIGHT

(@) COM
COMPLEMENT

3

(@) ADD
BCD ADD

(@) SUB
BCD
SUBTRACT

(@) MUL
BCD
MULTIPLY

(@) DIV
BCD
DIVIDE

(@) ANDW
LOGICAL
AND

(@) ORW
LOGICAL OR

(@) XORW
EXCLUSIVE
OR

(@) XNRW
EXCLUSIVE
NOR

(@) INC
INCREMENT

(@) DEC
DECREMENT

4

(@) STC
SET CARRY

(@) CLC
CLEAR
CARRY

---

---

---

TRSM
TRACE
MEMORY
SAMPLE

(@) MSG
MESSAGE
DISPLAY

(@) LMSG
LONG MESSAGE

(@) TERM
TERMINAL
MODE

---

5

(@) ADB
BINARY ADD

(@) SBB
BINARY
SUBTRACT

(@) MLB
BINARY
MULTIPLY

(@) DVB
BINARY
DIVIDE

(@) ADDL
DOUBLE
BCD ADD

(@) SUBL
DOUBLE
BCD
SUBTRACT

(@) MULL
DOUBLE
BCD
MULTIPLY

(@) DIVL
DOUBLE
BCD
DIVIDE

(@) BINL
DOUBLE
BCD-TODOUBLE
BINARY

(@) BCDL
DOUBLE
BINARY-TODOUBLE
BCD

6

CMPL
DOUBLE
COMPARE

(@) MPRF
TRANSFER
BITS

(@) XFRB
TRANSFER
BITS

(@) LINE
COLUMN TO
LINE

(@) COLM
LINE TO
COLUMN

(@) SEC
HOURS-TOSECONDS

(@) HMS
SECONDSTO-HOURS

(@) BCNT
BIT
COUNTER

(@) BCMP
BLOCK
COMPARE

(@) APR
ARITHMETIC
PROCESS

7

(@) XFER
BLOCK
TRANSFER

(@) BSET
BLOCK SET

(@) ROOT
SQUARE
ROOT

(@) XCHG
DATA
EXCHANGE

(@) SLD
ONE DIGIT
SHIFT LEFT

(@) SRD
ONE DIGIT
SHIFT
RIGHT

(@) MLPX
4-TO-16
DECODER

(@) DMPX
16-TO-4
ENCODER

(@) SDEC
7-SEGMENT
DECODER

(@) FDIV
FLOATING
POINT
DIVIDE

8

(@) DIST
SINGLE
WORD
DISTRIBUTE

(@) COLL
DATA
COLLECT

(@) MOVB
MOVE BIT

(@) MOVD
MOVE DIGIT

(@) SFTR
REVERSIBLE SHIFT
REGISTER

(@) TCMP
TABLE
COMPARE

(@) ASC
ASCII
CONVERT

TTIM
TOTALIZING
COUNTER

ZCP
AREA
RANGE
COMPARE

(@) INT
INTERRUPT
CONTROL

9

(@) SEND
NETWORK
SEND

(@) SBS
SUBROUTINE
ENTRY

SBN
SUBROUTINE
DEFINE

RET
SUBROUTINE
RETURN

(@) WDT
WATCHDOG
TIMER
REFRESH

---

---

(@) IORF
I/O
REFRESH

(@) RECV
NETWORK
RECEIVE

(@) MCRO
MACRO

5-7-2 Alphabetic List by Mnemonic
Mnemonic

Code

Words

Name

Page

7SEG

––

4

7-SEGMENT DISPLAY OUTPUT

301

ADB (@)

50

4

BINARY ADD

219

ADBL (@)

––

4

DOUBLE BINARY ADD

225

ADD (@)

30

4

BCD ADD

205

ADDL (@)

54

4

DOUBLE BCD ADD

206

AND

None

1

AND

129

AND LD

None

1

AND LOAD

130

AND NOT

None

1

AND NOT

129

ANDW (@)

34

4

LOGICAL AND

250

APR (@)

69

4

ARITHMETIC PROCESS

239

ASC (@)

86

4

ASCII CONVERT

194

ASFT(@)

17

4

ASYNCHRONOUS SHIFT REGISTER

157

125

Section 5-7

Instruction Set Lists
Mnemonic

Code

Words

Name

Page

ASL (@)

25

2

ARITHMETIC SHIFT LEFT

154

ASR (@)

26

2

ARITHMETIC SHIFT RIGHT

154

AVG (@)

––

4

AVERAGE VALUE

235

BCD (@)

24

3

BINARY TO BCD

181

BCDL (@)

59

3

DOUBLE BINARY-TO-DOUBLE BCD

182

BCMP (@)

68

4

BLOCK COMPARE

174

BCNT (@)

67

4

BIT COUNTER

283

BIN (@)

23

3

BCD-TO-BINARY

180

BINL (@)

58

3

DOUBLE BCD-TO-DOUBLE BINARY

181

BSET (@)

71

4

BLOCK SET

160

CLC (@)

41

1

CLEAR CARRY

205

CMP

20

3

COMPARE

170

CMPL

60

4

DOUBLE COMPARE

172

CNT

None

2

COUNTER

145

CNTR

12

3

REVERSIBLE COUNTER

148

COLL (@)

81

4

DATA COLLECT

164

COLM(@)

64

4

LINE TO COLUMN

201

COM (@)

29

2

COMPLEMENT

249

CPS

––

4

SIGNED BINARY COMPARE

178

CPSL

––

4

DOUBLE SIGNED BINARY COMPARE

179

DBS (@)

––

4

SIGNED BINARY DIVIDE

231

DBSL (@)

––

4

DOUBLE SIGNED BINARY DIVIDE

232

DEC (@)

39

2

BCD DECREMENT

204

DIFD

14

2

DIFFERENTIATE DOWN

131

DIFU

13

2

DIFFERENTIATE UP

131

DIST (@)

80

4

SINGLE WORD DISTRIBUTE

162

DIV (@)

33

4

BCD DIVIDE

212

DIVL (@)

57

4

DOUBLE BCD DIVIDE

213

DMPX (@)

77

4

16-TO-4 ENCODER

188

DSW

––

4

DIGITAL SWITCH

304

DVB (@)

53

4

BINARY DIVIDE

224

END

01

1

END

138

FAL (@)

06

2

FAILURE ALARM AND RESET

275

FALS

07

2

SEVERE FAILURE ALARM

275

FCS (@)

––

4

FCS CALCULATE

283

FDIV (@)

79

4

FLOATING POINT DIVIDE

214

FPD

––

4

FAILURE POINT DETECT

285

HEX (@)

––

4

ASCII-TO-HEXADECIMAL

195

HKY

––

4

HEXADECIMAL KEY INPUT

308

HMS (@)

66

4

SECONDS TO HOURS

184

IL

02

1

INTERLOCK

135

ILC

03

1

INTERLOCK CLEAR

135

INC (@)

38

2

INCREMENT

204

INT (@)

89

4

INTERRUPT CONTROL

262

IORF (@)

97

3

I/O REFRESH

281

JME

05

2

JUMP END

137

JMP

04

2

JUMP

137

KEEP

11

2

KEEP

133

LD

None

1

LOAD

129

126

Section 5-7

Instruction Set Lists
Mnemonic

Code

Words

Name

Page

LD NOT

None

1

LOAD NOT

129

LINE (@)

63

4

COLUMN TO LINE

200

LMSG (@)

47

4

32-CHARACTER MESSAGE

279

MAX (@)

––

4

FIND MAXIMUM

233

MBS (@)

––

4

SIGNED BINARY MULTIPLY

229

MBSL (@)

––

4

DOUBLE SIGNED BINARY MULTIPLY

230

MCMP (@)

19

4

MULTI-WORD COMPARE

169

MCRO (@)

99

4

MACRO

260

MIN (@)

––

4

FIND MINIMUM

234

MLB (@)

52

4

BINARY MULTIPLY

224

MLPX (@)

76

4

4-TO-16 DECODER

185

MOV (@)

21

3

MOVE

159

MOVB (@)

82

4

MOVE BIT

166

MOVD (@)

83

4

MOVE DIGIT

167

MPRF (@)

61

4

GROUP-2 HIGH-DENSITY I/O REFRESH

282

MSG (@)

46

2

MESSAGE

278

MTR

––

4

MATRIX INPUT

313

MUL (@)

32

4

BCD MULTIPLY

211

MULL (@)

56

4

DOUBLE BCD MULTIPLY

212

MVN (@)

22

3

MOVE NOT

159

NEG (@)

––

4

2’S COMPLEMENT

202

NEGL (@)

––

4

DOUBLE 2’S COMPLEMENT

203

NOP

00

1

NO OPERATION

138

OR

None

1

OR

129

OR LD

None

1

OR LOAD

130

OR NOT

None

1

OR NOT

129

ORW (@)

35

4

LOGICAL OR

251

OUT

None

2

OUTPUT

130

OUT NOT

None

2

OUTPUT NOT

130

PID (@)

––

4

PID CONTROL

242

RECV (@)

98

4

NETWORK RECEIVE (CPU31-E/33-E only)

293

RET

93

1

SUBROUTINE RETURN

259

ROL (@)

27

2

ROTATE LEFT

155

ROOT (@)

72

3

SQUARE ROOT

217

ROR (@)

28

2

ROTATE RIGHT

155

RSET

None

2

RESET

133

RXD(@)

––

4

RECEIVE

297

SBB (@)

51

4

BINARY SUBTRACT

221

SBBL (@)

––

4

DOUBLE BINARY SUBTRACT

227

SBN

92

2

SUBROUTINE DEFINE

259

SBS (@)

91

2

SUBROUTINE ENTRY

257

SCAN (@)

18

4

CYCLE TIME

276

SCL (@)

––

4

SCALING

198

SDEC (@)

78

4

7-SEGMENT DECODER

191

SEC (@)

65

4

HOURS TO SECONDS

183

SEND (@)

90

4

NETWORK SEND (CPU31-E/33-E only)

291

SET

None

2

SET

133

SFT

10

3

SHIFT REGISTER

150

SFTR (@)

84

4

REVERSIBLE SHIFT REGISTER

152

127

Section 5-7

Instruction Set Lists
Mnemonic

Code

Words

Name

Page

SLD (@)

74

3

ONE DIGIT SHIFT LEFT

156

SNXT

09

2

STEP START

266

SRCH (@)

––

4

DATA SEARCH

289

SRD (@)

75

3

ONE DIGIT SHIFT RIGHT

156

STC (@)

40

1

SET CARRY

205

STEP

08

2

STEP DEFINE

266

SUB (@)

31

4

BCD SUBTRACT

207

SUBL (@)

55

4

DOUBLE BCD SUBTRACT

209

SUM (@)

––

4

SUM CALCULATION

237

TCMP (@)

85

4

TABLE COMPARE

175

TERM (@)

48

4

TERMINAL MODE

280

TIM

None

2

TIMER

139

TIMH

15

3

HIGH-SPEED TIMER

143

TKY (@)

––

4

TEN KEY INPUT

311

TRSM

45

1

TRACE MEMORY SAMPLE

277

TTIM

87

4

TOTALIZING TIMER

144

TXD (@)

––

4

TRANSMIT

299

WDT (@)

94

2

WATCHDOG TIMER REFRESH

281

WSFT (@)

16

3

WORD SHIFT

157

XCHG (@)

73

3

DATA EXCHANGE

162

XDMR (@)

––

4

EXPANSION DM READ

290

XFER (@)

70

4

BLOCK TRANSFER

161

XFRB (@)

62

4

TRANSFER BITS

168

XNRW (@)

37

4

EXCLUSIVE NOR

253

XORW (@)

36

4

EXCLUSIVE OR

252

ZCP

88

4

AREA RANGE COMPARE

176

ZCPL

––

4

DOUBLE AREA RANGE COMPARE

177

128

Section 5-8

Ladder Diagram Instructions

5-8

Ladder Diagram Instructions
Ladder Diagram instructions include Ladder instructions and Logic Block
instructions and correspond to the conditions on the ladder diagram. Logic block
instructions are used to relate more complex parts.

5-8-1 LOAD, LOAD NOT, AND, AND NOT, OR, and OR NOT
Ladder Symbols

Operand Data Areas

B

B: Bit

LOAD – LD

IR, SR, AR, HR, TC, LR, TR

B: Bit

B

LOAD NOT – LD NOT

IR, SR, AR, HR, TC, LR

B: Bit

B

AND – AND
IR, SR, AR, HR, TC, LR

B: Bit

B

AND NOT – AND NOT

IR, SR, AR, HR, TC, LR

B: Bit

OR – OR

B

OR NOT – OR NOT

B

IR, SR, AR, HR, TC, LR

B: Bit
IR, SR, AR, HR, TC, LR

Limitations

There is no limit to the number of any of these instructions, or restrictions in the
order in which they must be used, as long as the memory capacity of the PC is
not exceeded.

Description

These six basic instructions correspond to the conditions on a ladder diagram.
As described in Section 4 Writing and Inputting the Program, the status of the
bits assigned to each instruction determines the execution conditions for all
other instructions. Each of these instructions and each bit address can be used
as many times as required. Each can be used in as many of these instructions as
required.
The status of the bit operand (B) assigned to LD or LD NOT determines the first
execution condition. AND takes the logical AND between the execution condition and the status of its bit operand; AND NOT, the logical AND between the
execution condition and the inverse of the status of its bit operand. OR takes the
logical OR between the execution condition and the status of its bit operand; OR
NOT, the logical OR between the execution condition and the inverse of the
status of its bit operand. The ladder symbol for loading TR bits is different from
that shown above. Refer to 4-4-3 Ladder Instructions for details.

Flags

There are no flags affected by these instructions.

129

Section 5-9

Bit Control Instructions

5-8-2 AND LOAD and OR LOAD
AND LOAD – AND LD
Ladder Symbol

00000

00002

00001

00003

OR LOAD – OR LD
00000

00001

00002

00003

Ladder Symbol

Description

When instructions are combined into blocks that cannot be logically combined
using only OR and AND operations, AND LD and OR LD are used. Whereas
AND and OR operations logically combine a bit status and an execution condition, AND LD and OR LD logically combine two execution conditions, the current
one and the last unused one.
In order to draw ladder diagrams, it is not necessary to use AND LD and OR LD
instructions, nor are they necessary when inputting ladder diagrams directly, as
is possible from LSS. They are required, however, to convert the program to and
input it in mnemonic form. The procedures for these, limitations for different procedures, and examples are provided in 4-7 Inputting, Modifying, and Checking
the Program.
In order to reduce the number of programming instructions required, a basic understanding of logic block instructions is required. For an introduction to logic
blocks, refer to 4-4-6 Logic Block Instructions.

Flags

There are no flags affected by these instructions.

5-9

Bit Control Instructions
There are five instructions that can be used generally to control individual bit
status. These are OUT, OUT NOT, DIFU(13), DIFD(14), and KEEP(11). These
instructions are used to turn bits ON and OFF in different ways.

5-9-1 OUTPUT and OUTPUT NOT – OUT and OUT NOT
OUTPUT – OUT

Ladder Symbol

Operand Data Areas
B: Bit
B

OUTPUT NOT – OUT NOT

Ladder Symbol

IR, SR, AR, HR, TC, LR, TR

Operand Data Areas
B: Bit
B

IR, SR, AR, HR, TC, LR

Limitations

Any output bit can generally be used in only one instruction that controls its status. Refer to 3-3 IR Area for details.

Description

OUT and OUT NOT are used to control the status of the designated bit according
to the execution condition.

130

Section 5-9

Bit Control Instructions

OUT turns ON the designated bit for an ON execution condition, and turns OFF
the designated bit for an OFF execution condition. With a TR bit, OUT appears at
a branching point rather than at the end of an instruction line. Refer to 4-7-7
Branching Instruction Lines for details.
OUT NOT turns ON the designated bit for a OFF execution condition, and turns
OFF the designated bit for an ON execution condition.
OUT and OUT NOT can be used to control execution by turning ON and OFF bits
that are assigned to conditions on the ladder diagram, thus determining execution conditions for other instructions. This is particularly helpful and allows a
complex set of conditions to be used to control the status of a single work bit, and
then that work bit can be used to control other instructions.
The length of time that a bit is ON or OFF can be controlled by combining the
OUT or OUT NOT with TIM. Refer to Examples under 5-14-1 TIMER – TIM for
details.
Flags

There are no flags affected by these instructions.

5-9-2 DIFFERENTIATE UP and DOWN – DIFU(13) and DIFD(14)
Ladder Symbols

Operand Data Areas

DIFU(13) B

B: Bit
IR, AR, HR, LR

DIFD(14) B

B: Bit
IR, AR, HR, LR

Limitations

Any output bit can generally be used in only one instruction that controls its status. Refer to 3-3 IR Area for details.

Description

DIFU(13) and DIFD(14) are used to turn the designated bit ON for one cycle
only.
Whenever executed, DIFU(13) compares its current execution with the previous
execution condition. If the previous execution condition was OFF and the current one is ON, DIFU(13) will turn ON the designated bit. If the previous execution condition was ON and the current execution condition is either ON or OFF,
DIFU(13) will either turn the designated bit OFF or leave it OFF (i.e., if the designated bit is already OFF). The designated bit will thus never be ON for longer
than one cycle, assuming it is executed each cycle (see Precautions, below).
Whenever executed, DIFD(14) compares its current execution with the previous
execution condition. If the previous execution condition was ON and the current
one is OFF, DIFD(14) will turn ON the designated bit. If the previous execution
condition was OFF and the current execution condition is either ON or OFF,
DIFD(14) will either turn the designated bit OFF or leave it OFF. The designated
bit will thus never be ON for longer than one cycle, assuming it is executed each
cycle (see Precautions, below).
These instructions are used when differentiated instructions (i.e., those prefixed
with an @) are not available and single-cycle execution of a particular instruction
is desired. They can also be used with non-differentiated forms of instructions
that have differentiated forms when their use will simplify programming. Examples of these are shown below.

Flags

There are no flags affected by these instructions.

131

Section 5-9

Bit Control Instructions
Precautions

DIFU(13) and DIFD(14) operation can be uncertain when the instructions are
programmed between IL and ILC, between JMP and JME, or in subroutines. Refer to 5-10 INTERLOCK and INTERLOCK CLEAR – IL(02) and ILC(03), 5-11
JUMP and JUMP END – JMP(04) and JME(05), and 5-23 Subroutines and Interrupt Control for details.

Example 1:
When There is No
Differentiated Instruction

In diagram A, below, whenever CMP(20) is executed with an ON execution condition it will compare the contents of the two operand words (HR 10 and DM
0000) and set the arithmetic flags (GR, EQ, and LE) accordingly. If the execution
condition remains ON, flag status may be changed each cycle if the content of
one or both operands change. Diagram B, however, is an example of how
DIFU(13) can be used to ensure that CMP(20) is executed only once each time
the desired execution condition goes ON.

00000
CMP(20)
HR 10

Diagram A

DM 0000

Address
00000
00001

Instruction

Operands

LD
CMP(20)

00000
HR
DM

10
0000

00000
DIFU(13) 22500
22500
CMP(20)
HR 10

Diagram B

DM 0000

Address
00000
00001
00002
00003

Instruction

Operands

LD
DIFU(13)
LD
CMP(20)

00000
22500
22500
HR
DM

Example 2:
Simplifying Programming

Although a differentiated form of MOV(21) is available, the following diagram
would be very complicated to draw using it because only one of the conditions
determining the execution condition for MOV(21) requires differentiated treatment.

00000
DIFU(13) 22500
22500
MOV(21)
00001

00002

00003

HR 10
DM 0000

00004

00005

Address

Instruction

00000
00001
00002
00003
00004
00005
00006
00007
00008
00009
00010

LD
DIFU(13)
LD
LD
AND NOT
AND NOT
OR LD
LD
AND NOT
OR LD
MOV(21)

Operands
00000
22500
22500
00001
00002
00003
--00004
00005
--HR
DM

132

10
0000

10
0000

Section 5-9

Bit Control Instructions

5-9-3 SET and RESET – SET and RSET
Ladder Symbols

Operand Data Areas
B: Bit

SET B

IR, SR, AR, HR, LR
B: Bit

RSET B

IR, SR, AR, HR, LR

Description

SET turns the operand bit ON when the execution condition is ON, and does not
affect the status of the operand bit when the execution condition is OFF. RSET
turns the operand bit OFF when the execution condition is ON, and does not affect the status of the operand bit when the execution condition is OFF.
The operation of SET differs from that of OUT because the OUT instruction turns
the operand bit OFF when its execution condition is OFF. Likewise, RSET differs
from OUT NOT because OUT NOT turns the operand bit ON when its execution
condition is OFF.

Precautions

The status of operand bits for SET and RSET programmed between IL(02) and
ILC(03) or JMP(04) and JME(05) will not change when the interlock or jump condition is met (i.e., when IL(02) or JMP(04) is executed with an OFF execution
condition).

Flags

There are no flags affected by these instructions.

Examples

The following examples demonstrate the difference between OUT and SET/
RSET. In the first example (Diagram A), IR 10000 will be turned ON or OFF
whenever IR 00000 goes ON or OFF.
In the second example (Diagram B), IR 10000 will be turned ON when IR 00001
goes ON and will remain ON (even if IR 00001 goes OFF) until IR 00002 goes
ON.
00000
10000

Address
00000
00001

Diagram A

Instruction

Operands

LD
OUT

00000
10000

00001
SET 10000
00002
RSET 10000

Diagram B

Address
00000
00001
00002
00003

Instruction

Operands

LD
SET
LD
RSET

00001
10000
00002
10000

5-9-4 KEEP – KEEP(11)
Ladder Symbol

Operand Data Areas
S

B: Bit

KEEP(11)
B
R

Limitations

IR, AR, HR, LR

Any output bit can generally be used in only one instruction that controls its status. Refer to 3-3 IR Area for details.

133

Section 5-9

Bit Control Instructions
Description

KEEP(11) is used to maintain the status of the designated bit based on two execution conditions. These execution conditions are labeled S and R. S is the set
input; R, the reset input. KEEP(11) operates like a latching relay that is set by S
and reset by R.
When S turns ON, the designated bit will go ON and stay ON until reset, regardless of whether S stays ON or goes OFF. When R turns ON, the designated bit
will go OFF and stay OFF until reset, regardless of whether R stays ON or goes
OFF. The relationship between execution conditions and KEEP(11) bit status is
shown below.
S execution condition
R execution condition

Status of B

KEEP(11) operates like the self-maintaining bit described in 4-8-3 Self-maintaining Bits. The following two diagrams would function identically, though the one
using KEEP(11) requires one less instruction to program and would maintain
status even in an interlocked program section.
00002

00003
00500

00500

00002

S
KEEP(11)
B

00003
R

Address

Instruction

00000
00001
00002
00003

LD
OR
AND NOT
OUT

Address

Instruction

00000
00001
00002

Operands
00002
00500
00003
00500

Operands

LD
LD
KEEP(11)

00002
00003
00500

Flags

There are no flags affected by this instruction.

Precautions

Exercise caution when using a KEEP reset line that is controlled by an external
normally closed device. Never use an input bit in an inverse condition on the reset (R) for KEEP(11) when the input device uses an AC power supply. The delay
in shutting down the PC’s DC power supply (relative to the AC power supply to
the input device) can cause the designated bit of KEEP(11) to be reset. This situation is shown below.
Input Unit
A

S
KEEP(11)

NEVER

B

A
R

Bits used in KEEP are not reset in interlocks. Refer to the 5-10 INTERLOCK –
and INTERLOCK CLEAR IL(02) and ILC(03) for details.

134

Section 5-10

INTERLOCK and INTERLOCK CLEAR – IL(02) and ILC(03)
Example

If a HR bit or an AR bit is used, bit status will be retained even during a power
interruption. KEEP(11) can thus be used to program bits that will maintain status
after restarting the PC following a power interruption. An example of this that can
be used to produce a warning display following a system shutdown for an emergency situation is shown below. Bits 00002, 00003, and 00004 would be turned
ON to indicate some type of error. Bit 00005 would be turned ON to reset the
warning display. HR 0000, which is turned ON when any one of the three bits
indicates an emergency situation, is used to turn ON the warning indicator
through 00500.

00002

Address

S

00000
00001
00002
00003
00004
00005
00006

KEEP(11)
00003

Indicates
emergency
situation

B

00004
R
Reset input
00005

HR 0000
00500

Instruction
LD
OR
OR
LD
KEEP(11)
LD
OUT

Operands

HR
HR

00002
00003
00004
00005
0000
0000
00500

Activates
warning
display

KEEP(11) can also be combined with TIM to produce delays in turning bits ON
and OFF. Refer to 5-14-1 TIMER – TIM for details.

5-10 INTERLOCK and INTERLOCK CLEAR – IL(02) and ILC(03)

Description

Ladder Symbol

IL(02)

Ladder Symbol

ILC(03)

IL(02) is always used in conjunction with ILC(03) to create interlocks. Interlocks
are used to enable branching in the same way as can be achieved with TR bits,
but treatment of instructions between IL(02) and ILC(03) differs from that with
TR bits when the execution condition for IL(02) is OFF. If the execution condition
of IL(02) is ON, the program will be executed as written, with an ON execution
condition used to start each instruction line from the point where IL(02) is located
through the next ILC(03). Refer to 4-7-7 Branching Instruction Lines for basic
descriptions of both methods.
If the execution condition for IL(02) is OFF, the interlocked section between
IL(02) and ILC(03) will be treated as shown in the following table:
Instruction

Treatment

OUT and OUT NOT

Designated bit turned OFF.

SET and RSET

Bit status maintained.

TIM and TIMH(15)

Reset.

TTIM(87)

PV maintained.

CNT, CNTR(12)

PV maintained.

KEEP(11)

Bit status maintained.

DIFU(13) and DIFD(14)

Not executed (see below).

All others

Not executed.

135

Section 5-10

INTERLOCK and INTERLOCK CLEAR – IL(02) and ILC(03)

IL(02) and ILC(03) do not necessarily have to be used in pairs. IL(02) can be
used several times in a row, with each IL(02) creating an interlocked section
through the next ILC(03). ILC(03) cannot be used unless there is at least one
IL(02) between it and any previous ILC(03).
DIFU(13) and DIFD(14) in
Interlocks

Changes in the execution condition for a DIFU(13) or DIFD(14) are not recorded
if the DIFU(13) or DIFD(14) is in an interlocked section and the execution condition for the IL(02) is OFF. When DIFU(13) or DIFD(14) is execution in an interlocked section immediately after the execution condition for the IL(02) has gone
ON, the execution condition for the DIFU(13) or DIFD(14) will be compared to
the execution condition that existed before the interlock became effective (i.e.,
before the interlock condition for IL(02) went OFF). The ladder diagram and bit
status changes for this are shown below. The interlock is in effect while 00000 is
OFF. Notice that 01000 is not turned ON at the point labeled A even though
00001 has turned OFF and then back ON.

00000
IL(02)
00001
DIFU(13) 01000
ILC(03)

A

Address
00000
00001
00002
00003
00004

Instruction
LD
IL(02)
LD
DIFU(13)
ILC(03)

Operands
00000
00001
01000

ON

00000

OFF
ON

00001

OFF
ON

01000

OFF

Precautions

There must be an ILC(03) following any one or more IL(02).
Although as many IL(02) instructions as are necessary can be used with one
ILC(03), ILC(03) instructions cannot be used consecutively without at least one
IL(02) in between, i.e., nesting is not possible. Whenever a ILC(03) is executed,
all interlocks between the active ILC(03) and the preceding ILC(03) are cleared.
When more than one IL(02) is used with a single ILC(03), an error message will
appear when the program check is performed, but execution will proceed normally.

Flags

There are no flags affected by these instructions.

136

Section 5-11

JUMP and JUMP END – JMP(04) and JME(05)
Example

The following diagram shows IL(02) being used twice with one ILC(03).
Address

00000
IL(02)
00001
TIM
TIM511
511
#0015

001.5 s

Instruction

00000
00001
00002
00003

LD
IL(02)
LD
TIM

00004
00005
00006
00007
00008

LD
IL(02)
LD
AND NOT
CNT

00000

00009
00010
00011

LD
OUT
ILC(03)

00002

#
IL(02)

00003
00100

Operands

00004

CP
R

CNT
001
IR 010

00005
00502

ILC(03)

00001
511
0015
00002
00003
00004
001
010
00005
00502

When the execution condition for the first IL(02) is OFF, TIM 511 will be reset to
1.5 s, CNT 001 will not be changed, and 00502 will be turned OFF. When the
execution condition for the first IL(02) is ON and the execution condition for the
second IL(02) is OFF, TIM 511 will be executed according to the status of 00001,
CNT 001 will not be changed, and 00502 will be turned OFF. When the execution
conditions for both the IL(02) are ON, the program will execute as written.

5-11 JUMP and JUMP END – JMP(04) and JME(05)
Ladder Symbols
JMP(04) N

Definer Values
N: Jump number
# (00 to 99)

JME(05) N

N: Jump number
# (00 to 99)

Limitations

Jump numbers 01 through 99 may be used only once in JMP(04) and once in
JME(05), i.e., each can be used to define one jump only. Jump number 00 can be
used as many times as desired.

Description

JMP(04) is always used in conjunction with JME(05) to create jumps, i.e., to skip
from one point in a ladder diagram to another point. JMP(04) defines the point
from which the jump will be made; JME(05) defines the destination of the jump.
When the execution condition for JMP(04) in ON, no jump is made and the program is executed consecutively as written. When the execution condition for
JMP(04) is OFF, a jump is made to the JME(05) with the same jump number and
the instruction following JME(05) is executed next.
If the jump number for JMP(04) is between 01 and 99, jumps, when made, will go
immediately to JME(05) with the same jump number without executing any instructions in between. The status of timers, counters, bits used in OUT, bits used
in OUT NOT, and all other status bits controlled by the instructions between
JMP(04) and JMP(05) will not be changed. Each of these jump numbers can be
used to define only one jump. Because all of instructions between JMP(04) and
JME(05) are skipped, jump numbers 01 through 99 can be used to reduce cycle
time.

137

Section 5-14

Timer and Counter Instructions

If the jump number for JMP(04) is 00, the CPU will look for the next JME(05) with
a jump number of 00. To do so, it must search through the program, causing a
longer cycle time (when the execution condition is OFF) than for other jumps.
The status of timers, counters, bits used in OUT, bits used in OUT NOT, and all
other status controlled by the instructions between JMP(04) 00 and JMP(05) 00
will not be changed. jump number 00 can be used as many times as desired. A
jump from JMP(04) 00 will always go to the next JME(05) 00 in the program. It is
thus possible to use JMP(04) 00 consecutively and match them all with the same
JME(05) 00. It makes no sense, however, to use JME(05) 00 consecutively, because all jumps made to them will end at the first JME(05) 00.
DIFU(13) and DIFD(14) in
Jumps

Although DIFU(13) and DIFD(14) are designed to turn ON the designated bit for
one cycle, they will not necessarily do so when written between JMP(04) and
JMP (05). Once either DIFU(13) or DIFD(14) has turned ON a bit, it will remain
ON until the next time DIFU(13) or DIFD(14) is executed again. In normal programming, this means the next cycle. In a jump, this means the next time the
jump from JMP(04) to JME(05) is not made, i.e., if a bit is turned ON by DIFU(13)
or DIFD(14) and then a jump is made in the next cycle so that DIFU(13) or
DIFD(14) are skipped, the designated bit will remain ON until the next time the
execution condition for the JMP(04) controlling the jump is ON.

Precautions

When JMP(04) and JME(05) are not used in pairs, an error message will appear
when the program check is performed. Although this message also appears if
JMP(04) 00 and JME(05) 00 are not used in pairs, the program will execute properly as written.

Flags

There are no flags affected by these instructions.

Examples

Examples of jump programs are provided in 4-7-8 Jumps.

5-12 END – END(01)
Ladder Symbol

END(01)

Description

END(01) is required as the last instruction in any program. If there are subroutines, END(01) is placed after the last subroutine. No instruction written after
END(01) will be executed. END(01) can be placed anywhere in the program to
execute all instructions up to that point, as is sometimes done to debug a program, but it must be removed to execute the remainder of the program.
If there is no END(01) in the program, no instructions will be executed and the
error message “NO END INST” will appear.

Flags

END(01) turns OFF the ER, CY, GR, EQ, and LE Flags.

5-13 NO OPERATION – NOP(00)
Description

NOP(00) is not generally required in programming and there is no ladder symbol
for it. When NOP(00) is found in a program, nothing is executed and the program
execution moves to the next instruction. When memory is cleared prior to programming, NOP(00) is written at all addresses. NOP(00) can be input through
the 00 function code.

Flags

There are no flags affected by NOP(00).

5-14 Timer and Counter Instructions
TIM and TIMH are decrementing ON-delay timer instructions which require a TC
number and a set value (SV).
CNT is a decrementing counter instruction and CNTR is a reversible counter instruction. Both require a TC number and a SV. Both are also connected to multiple instruction lines which serve as an input signal(s) and a reset.

138

Section 5-14

Timer and Counter Instructions

Any one TC number cannot be defined twice, i.e., once it has been used as the
definer in any of the timer or counter instructions, it cannot be used again. Once
defined, TC numbers can be used as many times as required as operands in
instructions other than timer and counter instructions.
TC numbers run from 000 through 511. No prefix is required when using a TC
number as a definer in a timer or counter instruction. Once defined as a timer, a
TC number can be prefixed with TIM for use as an operand in certain instructions. The TIM prefix is used regardless of the timer instruction that was used to
define the timer. Once defined as a counter, a TC number can be prefixed with
CNT for use as an operand in certain instructions. The CNT is also used regardless of the counter instruction that was used to define the counter.
TC numbers can be designated as operands that require either bit or word data.
When designated as an operand that requires bit data, the TC number accesses
a bit that functions as a ‘Completion Flag’ that indicates when the time/count has
expired, i.e., the bit, which is normally OFF, will turn ON when the designated SV
has expired. When designated as an operand that requires word data, the TC
number accesses a memory location that holds the present value (PV) of the
timer or counter. The PV of a timer or counter can thus be used as an operand in
CMP(20), or any other instruction for which the TC area is allowed. This is done
by designating the TC number used to define that timer or counter to access the
memory location that holds the PV.
Note that “TIM 000” is used to designate the TIMER instruction defined with TC
number 000, to designate the Completion Flag for this timer, and to designate
the PV of this timer. The meaning of the term in context should be clear, i.e., the
first is always an instruction, the second is always a bit operand, and the third is
always a word operand. The same is true of all other TC numbers prefixed with
TIM or CNT.
An SV can be input as a constant or as a word address in a data area. If an IR
area word assigned to an Input Unit is designated as the word address, the Input
Unit can be wired so that the SV can be set externally through thumbwheel
switches or similar devices. Timers and counters wired in this way can only be
set externally during RUN or MONITOR mode. All SVs, including those set externally, must be in BCD.

5-14-1 TIMER – TIM
Definer Values
N: TC number

Ladder Symbol

# (000 through 511)
TIM N
SV

Operand Data Areas
SV: Set value (word, BCD)
IR, AR, DM, HR, LR, #

Limitations

SV is between 000.0 and 999.9. The decimal point is not entered.
Each TC number can be used as the definer in only one TIMER or COUNTER
instruction.
TC 000 through TC 015 should not be used in TIM if they are required for
TIMH(15). Refer to 5-14-2 HIGH-SPEED TIMER – TIMH(15) for details.

Description

A timer is activated when its execution condition goes ON and is reset (to SV)
when the execution condition goes OFF. Once activated, TIM measures in units
of 0.1 second from the SV.

139

Section 5-14

Timer and Counter Instructions

If the execution condition remains ON long enough for TIM to time down to zero,
the Completion Flag for the TC number used will turn ON and will remain ON
until TIM is reset (i.e., until its execution condition is goes OFF).
The following figure illustrates the relationship between the execution condition
for TIM and the Completion Flag assigned to it.
ON

Execution condition

OFF
ON

Completion Flag

OFF

SV

Precautions

SV

Timers in interlocked program sections are reset when the execution condition
for IL(02) is OFF. Power interruptions also reset timers. If a timer that is not reset
under these conditions is desired, SR area clock pulse bits can be counted to
produce timers using CNT. Refer to 5-14-4 COUNTER – CNT for details.
Program execution will continue even if a non-BCD SV is used, but timing will not
be accurate.
The SV of the timers can be set in the range #0000 to #9999 (BCD). If the SV for a
timer is set to #0000 or #0001, it will operate in the following way. If the SV is set
to #0000, when the timer input goes from OFF to ON, the Completion Flag will
turn ON. If the SV is set to #0001, because the timer accuracy is 0 to –0.1 s, the
actual time will be a value between 0 and 0.1 s, and the Completion Flag may
turn ON as soon as the timer input goes from OFF to ON. With other values also,
allow for a timer accuracy of 0 to –0.1 s when setting the SV.

Flags

ER:

SV is not in BCD.
Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of ∗DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)

Examples

All of the following examples use OUT in diagrams that would generally be used
to control output bits in the IR area. There is no reason, however, why these diagrams cannot be modified to control execution of other instructions.

Example 1:
Basic Application

The following example shows two timers, one set with a constant and one set via
input word 005. Here, 00200 will be turned ON after 00000 goes ON and stays
ON for at least 15 seconds. When 00000 goes OFF, the timer will be reset and
00200 will be turned OFF. When 00001 goes ON, TIM 001 is started from the SV
provided through IR word 005. Bit 00201 is also turned ON when 00001 goes
ON. When the SV in 005 has expired, 00201 is turned OFF. This bit will also be
turned OFF when TIM 001 is reset, regardless of whether or not SV has expired.

00000

Address

TIM 000
#0150

015.0 s

Instruction

00000
00001

LD
TIM

00002
00003
00004
00005

LD
OUT
LD
TIM

00006
00007

AND NOT
OUT

TIM 000
00200
00001
TIM 001
IR 005
TIM 001
00201

140

IR 005

Operands

#
TIM

TIM

00000
000
0150
000
00200
00001
001
005
001
00200

Section 5-14

Timer and Counter Instructions
Example 2:
Extended Timers

There are two ways to achieve timers that operate for longer than 999.9 seconds. One method is to program consecutive timers, with the Completion Flag of
each timer used to activate the next timer. A simple example with two 900.0-second (15-minute) timers combined to functionally form a 30-minute timer.

00000

Address

TIM 001
#9000

900.0 s

TIM 001

Instruction

00000
00001

LD
TIM

00002
00003

LD
TIM

00004
00005

LD
OUT

TIM 002
#9000

900.0 s

TIM 002
00200

Operands

#
TIM
#
TIM

00000
001
9000
001
002
9000
002
00200

In this example, 00200 will be turned ON 30 minutes after 00000 goes ON.
TIM can also be combined with CNT or CNT can be used to count SR area clock
pulse bits to produce longer timers. An example is provided in 5-14-4 COUNTER
– CNT.
TIM can be combined with KEEP(11) to delay turning a bit ON and OFF in reference to a desired execution condition. KEEP(11) is described in 5-9-4 KEEP –
KEEP(11).

Example 3:
ON/OFF Delays

To create delays, the Completion Flags for two TIM are used to determine the
execution conditions for setting and reset the bit designated for KEEP(11). The
bit whose manipulation is to be delayed is used in KEEP(11). Turning ON and
OFF the bit designated for KEEP(11) is thus delayed by the SV for the two TIM.
The two SV could naturally be the same if desired.
In the following example, 00500 would be turned ON 5.0 seconds after 00000
goes ON and then turned OFF 3.0 seconds after 00000 goes OFF. It is necessary to use both 00500 and 00000 to determine the execution condition for TIM
002; 00000 in an inverse condition is necessary to reset TIM 002 when 00000
goes ON and 00500 is necessary to activate TIM 002 (when 00000 is OFF).

00000

Address

TIM 001
#0050

Instruction

005.0 s

00000
00001

LD
TIM

003.0 s

00002
00003
00004

LD
AND NOT
TIM

00005
00006
00007

LD
LD
KEEP(11)

00500 00000

#

TIM 002
#0030
TIM 001
S
KEEP(11)
00500

TIM 002

R

Operands

#
TIM
TIM
00500

00000
001
0050
00500
00000
002
0030
001
002

00000

00500
5.0 s

3.0 s

141

Section 5-14

Timer and Counter Instructions
Example 4:
One-Shot Bits

01000

The length of time that a bit is kept ON or OFF can be controlled by combining
TIM with OUT or OUT NO. The following diagram demonstrates how this is possible. In this example, 00204 would remain ON for 1.5 seconds after 00000 goes
ON regardless of the time 00000 stays ON. This is achieved by using 01000 as a
self-maintaining bit activated by 00000 and turning ON 00204 through it. When
TIM 001 comes ON (i.e., when the SV of TIM 001 has expired), 00204 will be
turned OFF through TIM 001 (i.e., TIM 001 will turn ON which, as an inverse condition, creates an OFF execution condition for OUT 00204).

TIM 001
01000

00000

01000
TIM 001
#0015

001.5 s

Address

Instruction

00000
00001
00002
00003
00004
00005

LD
AND NOT
OR
OUT
LD
TIM

00006
00007
00008

LD
AND NOT
OUT

Operands
TIM

#
01000 TIM 001
00204

TIM

01000
001
00000
01000
01000
001
0015
01000
001
00204

00000

00204
1.5 s

1.5 s

The following one-shot timer may be used to save memory.
00000

Address

TIM 001
#0015

00100

TIM 001

001.5 s

Instruction

00000
00001
00002

LD
OR
TIM

00003
00004

AND NOT
OUT

00100

142

Operands

#
TIM

00000
00100
001
0015
001
00100

Section 5-14

Timer and Counter Instructions

Bits can be programmed to turn ON and OFF at regular intervals while a designated execution condition is ON by using TIM twice. One TIM functions to turn
ON and OFF a specified bit, i.e., the Completion Flag of this TIM turns the specified bit ON and OFF. The other TIM functions to control the operation of the first
TIM, i.e., when the first TIM’s Completion Flag goes ON, the second TIM is
started and when the second TIM’s Completion Flag goes ON, the first TIM is
started.

Example 5:
Flicker Bits

00000 TIM 002

Address

TIM 001
#0010

1.0 s

TIM 001
TIM 002
#0015

TIM 001

Instruction

00000
00001
00002

LD
AND
TIM

00003
00004

LD
TIM

00005
00006

LD
OUT

Operands
00000
002
001
0010
001
002
0015
001
00205

TIM
#
TIM

1.5 s

00205

#
TIM

00000

00205
1.0 s

1.5 s

1.0 s

1.5 s

A simpler but less flexible method of creating a flicker bit is to AND one of the SR
area clock pulse bits with the execution condition that is to be ON when the
flicker bit is operating. Although this method does not use TIM, it is included here
for comparison. This method is more limited because the ON and OFF times
must be the same and they depend on the clock pulse bits available in the SR
area.
In the following example the 1-second clock pulse is used (25502) so that 00206
would be turned ON and OFF every second, i.e., it would be ON for 0.5 seconds
and OFF for 0.5 seconds. Precise timing and the initial status of 00206 would
depend on the status of the clock pulse when 00000 goes ON.
Address

00000 25502
00206

00000
00001
00002

Instruction

Operands

LD
LD
OUT

00000
25502
00206

5-14-2 HIGH-SPEED TIMER – TIMH(15)
Definer Values
N: TC number

Ladder Symbol

# (000 through 015 preferred)
TIMH(15) N
SV

Operand Data Areas
SV: Set value (word, BCD)
IR, AR, DM, HR, LR, #

Limitations

SV is between 00.00 and 99.99. (Although 00.00 and 00.01 may be set, 00.00
will disable the timer, i.e., turn ON the Completion Flag immediately, and 00.01 is
not reliably cycled.) The decimal point is not entered.

143

Section 5-14

Timer and Counter Instructions

Each TC number can be used as the definer in only one TIMER or COUNTER
instruction.
If the cycle time is greater than 10 ms, use TC 000 through TC 015.
Description

TIMH(15) operates in the same way as TIM except that TIMH measures in units
of 0.01 second.
The cycle time affects TIMH(15) accuracy if TC 016 through TC 511 are used. If
the cycle time is greater than 10 ms, use TC 000 through TC 015.
Refer to 5-14-1 TIMER – TIM for operational details and examples. Except for
the above, and all aspects of operation are the same.

Precautions

Timers in interlocked program sections are reset when the execution condition
for IL(02) is OFF. Power interruptions also reset timers. If a timer that is not reset
under these conditions is desired, SR area clock pulse bits can be counted to
produce timers using CNT. Refer to 5-14-4 COUNTER – CNT for details.
Program execution will continue even if a non-BCD SV is used, but timing will not
be accurate.
The SV of the timers can be set in the range #0000 to #9999 (BCD). If the SV for a
timer is set to #0000 or #0001, it will operate in the following way. If the SV is set
to #0000, when the timer input goes from OFF to ON, the Completion Flag will
turn ON. There may be a time delay if TC 000 to TC 003 are used. If the SV is set
to #0001, because the timer accuracy is 0 to –0.1 s, the actual time will be a value
between 0 and 0.1 s, and the Completion Flag may turn ON as soon as the timer
input goes from OFF to ON. With other values also, allow for a timer accuracy of
0 to –0.1 s when setting the SV.

Flags

ER:

SV is not in BCD.
Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of ∗DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)

5-14-3 TOTALIZING TIMER – TTIM(87)
Definer Values
Ladder Symbol

N: TC number
# (000 through 511)

TTIM(87)
N
SV
RB

Operand Data Areas
SV: Set value (word, BCD)
IR, AR, DM, HR, LR
RB: Reset bit
IR, SR, AR, HR, LR

Limitations

SV is between 0000 and 9999 (000.0 and 999.9 s) and must be in BCD. The decimal point is not entered.
Each TC number can be used as the definer in only one TIMER or COUNTER
instruction.

Description

TTIM(87) is used to create a timer that increments the PV every 0.1 s to time
between 0.1 and 999.9 s. TTIM(87) increments in units of 0.1 second from zero.
TTIM(87) accuracy is +0.0/–0.1 second. A TTIM(87) timer will time as long as its
execute condition is ON until it reaches the SV or until RB turns ON to reset the
timer. TIMM(87) timers will time only as long as they are executed every cycle,
i.e., they do not time, but maintain the current PV, in interlocked program sections or when they are jumped in the program.

144

Section 5-14

Timer and Counter Instructions
Precautions

The PVs of totalizing timers in interlocked program sections are maintained
when the execution condition for IL(02) is OFF. Unlike timers and high-speed
timers, totalizing timers in jumped program sections do not continue timing, but
maintain the PV.
Power interruptions will reset timers.
Totalizing timers will not restart after timing out unless the PV is changed to a
value below the SV or the reset input is turned ON.
A delay of one cycle is sometimes required for a Completion Flag to be turned
ON after the timer times out.
The SV of the timers can be set in the range #0000 to #9999 (BCD). If the SV for a
timer is set to #0000 or #0001, it will operate in the following way. If the SV is set
to #0000, when the timer input goes from OFF to ON, the Completion Flag will
turn ON. If the SV is set to #0001, because the timer accuracy is 0 to –0.1 s, the
actual time will be a value between 0 and 0.1 s, and the Completion Flag may
turn ON as soon as the timer input goes from OFF to ON. With other values also,
allow for a timer accuracy of 0 to –0.1 s when setting the SV.

Flags

ER (SR 25503): Content of ∗DM word is not BCD when set for BCD.
SV is not BCD.

Example

The following figure illustrates the relationship between the execution conditions
for a totalizing timer with a set value of 2 s, its PV, and the Completion Flag.
00000

Address
TTIM(87)

00000
00001

TIM 000
#0020

Instruction

Operands

LD
TTIM(87)

00000
TIM
#
LR

LR 2100

000
0020
2100

Timer input
(I: IR 00000)
Reset bit
(RB: LR 2100)
Completion Flag
(TIM 000)

Present value: 0020

0000

5-14-4 COUNTER – CNT
Definer Values
N: TC number

Ladder Symbol

# (000 through 511)
CP
R

CNT N
SV

Operand Data Areas
SV: Set value (word, BCD)
IR, AR, DM, HR, LR, #

145

Section 5-14

Timer and Counter Instructions
Limitations

Each TC number can be used as the definer in only one TIMER or COUNTER
instruction.

Description

CNT is used to count down from SV when the execution condition on the count
pulse, CP, goes from OFF to ON, i.e., the present value (PV) will be decremented by one whenever CNT is executed with an ON execution condition for
CP and the execution condition was OFF for the last execution. If the execution
condition has not changed or has changed from ON to OFF, the PV of CNT will
not be changed. The Completion Flag for a counter is turned ON when the PV
reaches zero and will remain ON until the counter is reset.
CNT is reset with a reset input, R. When R goes from OFF to ON, the PV is reset
to SV. The PV will not be decremented while R is ON. Counting down from SV will
begin again when R goes OFF. The PV for CNT will not be reset in interlocked
program sections or by power interruptions.
Changes in execution conditions, the Completion Flag, and the PV are illustrated below. PV line height is meant only to indicate changes in the PV.
Execution condition
on count pulse (CP)

ON

Execution condition
on reset (R)

ON

OFF

OFF
ON

Completion Flag

OFF
SV

SV

PV

0002

SV – 1

0001

SV – 2

0000

Precautions

Program execution will continue even if a non-BCD SV is used, but the SV will
not be correct.

Flags

ER:

SV is not in BCD.
Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of ∗DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)

In the following example, the PV will be decremented whenever both 00000 and
00001 are ON provided that 00002 is OFF and either 00000 or 00001 was OFF
the last time CNT 004 was executed. When 150 pulses have been counted down
(i.e., when PV reaches zero), 00205 will be turned ON.

Example 1:
Basic Application

00000

00001

Address

CP

Instruction

Operands

CNT 004
00002

R

#0150

CNT 004

00000
00001
00002
00003

LD
AND
LD
CNT

00004
00005

LD
OUT

00205

#
CNT

00000
00001
00002
0004
0150
004
00205

Here, 00000 can be used to control when CNT is operative and 00001 can be
used as the bit whose OFF to ON changes are being counted.

146

Section 5-14

Timer and Counter Instructions

The above CNT can be modified to restart from SV each time power is turned ON
to the PC. This is done by using the First Cycle Flag in the SR area (25315) to
reset CNT as shown below.
00000

00001

Address

CP

Instruction

Operands

CNT 004
00002

R

#0150

25315

CNT 004

00000
00001
00002
00003
00004

LD
AND
LD
OR
CNT

00005
00006

LD
OUT

00205

Example 2:
Extended Counter

00000 00001

Address

CP

R

#0100

CNT 001

Instruction

00000
00001
00002
00003
00004
00005

LD
AND
LD NOT
OR
OR
CNT

00006
00007
00008

LD
LD NOT
CNT

00009
00010

LD
OUT

CNT 002

CNT 001

CP
CNT 002

00002

#
CNT

Counters that can count past 9,999 can be programmed by using one CNT to
count the number of times another CNT has counted to zero from SV.
In the following example, 00000 is used to control when CNT 001 operates. CNT
001, when 00000 is ON, counts down the number of OFF to ON changes in
00001. CNT 001 is reset by its Completion Flag, i.e., it starts counting again as
soon as its PV reaches zero. CNT 002 counts the number of times the Completion Flag for CNT 001 goes ON. Bit 00002 serves as a reset for the entire extended counter, resetting both CNT 001 and CNT 002 when it is OFF. The Completion Flag for CNT 002 is also used to reset CNT 001 to inhibit CNT 001 operation, once SV for CNT 002 has been reached, until the entire extended counter is
reset via 00002.
Because in this example the SV for CNT 001 is 100 and the SV for CNT 002 is
200, the Completion Flag for CNT 002 turns ON when 100 x 200 or 20,000 OFF
to ON changes have been counted in 00001. This would result in 00203 being
turned ON.

CNT 001
00002

00000
00001
00002
25315
004
0150
004
00205

R

#0200

Operands

CNT
CNT
#
CNT

#
CNT

00000
00001
00002
001
002
001
0100
001
00002
002
0200
002
00203

CNT 002
00203

CNT can be used in sequence as many times as required to produce counters
capable of counting any desired values.
Example 3:
Extended Timers

CNT can be used to create extended timers in two ways: by combining TIM with
CNT and by counting SR area clock pulse bits.
In the following example, CNT 002 counts the number of times TIM 001 reaches
zero from its SV. The Completion Flag for TIM 001 is used to reset TIM 001 so
that it runs continuously and CNT 002 counts the number of times the Completion Flag for TIM 001 goes ON (CNT 002 would be executed once each time be-

147

Section 5-14

Timer and Counter Instructions

tween when the Completion Flag for TIM 001 goes ON and TIM 001 is reset by
its Completion Flag). TIM 001 is also reset by the Completion Flag for CNT 002
so that the extended timer would not start again until CNT 002 was reset by
00001, which serves as the reset for the entire extended timer.
Because in this example the SV for TIM 001 is 5.0 seconds and the SV for CNT
002 is 100, the Completion Flag for CNT 002 turns ON when 5 seconds x 100
times, i.e., 500 seconds (or 8 minutes and 20 seconds) have expired. This would
result in 00201 being turned ON.
00000 TIM 001

CNT 002
TIM 001
#0050

TIM 001

005.0 s

CP
CNT
002

Address

Instruction

00000
00001
00002
00003

LD
AND NOT
AND NOT
TIM

00004
00005
00006

LD
LD
CNT

00007
00008

LD
OUT

00001
#0100
R
CNT 002
00201

Operands
00000
001
002
001
0050
001
00001
002
0100
002
00201

TIM
CNT
#
TIM

#
CNT

In the following example, CNT 001 counts the number of times the 1-second
clock pulse bit (25502) goes from OFF to ON. Here again, 00000 is used to control the times when CNT is operating.
Because in this example the SV for CNT 001 is 700, the Completion Flag for
CNT 002 turns ON when 1 second x 700 times, or 11 minutes and 40 seconds
have expired. This would result in 00202 being turned ON.
00000 25502

Address

CP
CNT
001

00001

R

#0700

CNT 001

Instruction

00000
00001
00002
00003

LD
AND
LD NOT
CNT

00004
00005

LD
OUT

0202

! Caution

Operands

#
CNT

00000
25502
00001
001
0700
001
00202

The shorter clock pulses will not necessarily produce accurate timers because their short ON
times might not be read accurately during longer cycles. In particular, the 0.02-second and
0.1-second clock pulses should not be used to create timers with CNT instructions.

5-14-5 REVERSIBLE COUNTER – CNTR(12)
Definer Values
N: TC number

Ladder Symbol

# (000 through 511)
II
DI
R

CNTR(12)
N

Operand Data Areas

SV

SV: Set value (word, BCD)
IR, AR, DM, HR, LR, #

148

Section 5-14

Timer and Counter Instructions
Limitations

Each TC number can be used as the definer in only one TIMER or COUNTER
instruction.

Description

The CNTR(12) is a reversible, up/down circular counter, i.e., it is used to count
between zero and SV according to changes in two execution conditions, those in
the increment input (II) and those in the decrement input (DI).
The present value (PV) will be incremented by one whenever CNTR(12) is executed with an ON execution condition for II and the last execution condition for II
was OFF. The present value (PV) will be decremented by one whenever
CNTR(12) is executed with an ON execution condition for DI and the last execution condition for DI was OFF. If OFF to ON changes have occurred in both II and
DI since the last execution, the PV will not be changed.
If the execution conditions have not changed or have changed from ON to OFF
for both II and DI, the PV of CNT will not be changed.
When decremented from 0000, the present value is set to SV and the Completion Flag is turned ON until the PV is decremented again. When incremented
past the SV, the PV is set to 0000 and the Completion Flag is turned ON until the
PV is incremented again.
CNTR(12) is reset with a reset input, R. When R goes from OFF to ON, the PV is
reset to zero. The PV will not be incremented or decremented while R is ON.
Counting will begin again when R goes OFF. The PV for CNTR(12) will not be
reset in interlocked program sections or by the effects of power interruptions.
Changes in II and DI execution conditions, the Completion Flag, and the PV are
illustrated below starting from part way through CNTR(12) operation (i.e., when
reset, counting begins from zero). PV line height is meant to indicate changes in
the PV only.
Execution condition
on increment (II)

ON

Execution condition
on decrement (DI)

ON

OFF

OFF
ON

Completion Flag

OFF

SV

PV

SV

SV – 1

SV – 1
0001

SV – 2
0000

SV – 2
0000

Precautions

Program execution will continue even if a non-BCD SV is used, but the SV will
not be correct.

Flags

ER:

SV is not in BCD.
Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of ∗DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)

149

Section 5-15

Data Shifting

5-15 Data Shifting
All of the instructions described in this section are used to shift data, but in differing amounts and directions. The first shift instruction, SFT(10), shifts an execution condition into a shift register; the rest of the instructions shift data that is already in memory.

5-15-1 SHIFT REGISTER – SFT(10)
Ladder Symbol

Operand Data Areas
St: Starting word

I
SFT(10)

IR, SR, AR, HR, LR

P
St
R

E

E: End word
IR, SR, AR, HR, LR

Limitations

St must be less than or equal to E, and St and E must be in the same data area.
If a bit address in one of the words used in a shift register is also used in an instruction that controls individual bit status (e.g., OUT, KEEP(11)), an error
(“COIL DUPL”) will be generated when program syntax is checked on the Programming Console or another Programming Device. The program, however,
will be executed as written. See Example 2: Controlling Bits in Shift Registers for
a programming example that does this.

Description

SFT(10) is controlled by three execution conditions, I, P, and R. If SFT(10) is
executed and 1) execution condition P is ON and was OFF the last execution,
and 2) R is OFF, then execution condition I is shifted into the rightmost bit of a
shift register defined between St and E, i.e., if I is ON, a 1 is shifted into the register; if I is OFF, a 0 is shifted in. When I is shifted into the register, all bits previously
in the register are shifted to the left and the leftmost bit of the register is lost.
E

St+1, St+2, ...

Lost
data

St

Execution
condition I

The execution condition on P functions like a differentiated instruction, i.e., I will
be shifted into the register only when P is ON and was OFF the last time SFT(10)
was executed. If execution condition P has not changed or has gone from ON to
OFF, the shift register will remain unaffected.
St designates the rightmost word of the shift register; E designates the leftmost.
The shift register includes both of these words and all words between them. The
same word may be designated for St and E to create a 16-bit (i.e., 1-word) shift
register.
When execution condition R goes ON, all bits in the shift register will be turned
OFF (i.e., set to 0) and the shift register will not operate until R goes OFF again.
Flags

150

There are no flags affected by SFT(10).

Section 5-15

Data Shifting
Example 1:
Basic Application

The following example uses the 1-second clock pulse bit (25502) so that the
execution condition produced by 00005 is shifted into a 3-word register between
IR 010 and IR 012 every second.

00005

Address

I
SFT(10)

25502

P
010

00006

R

012

00000
00001
00002
00003

Instruction

Operands

LD
LD
LD
SFT(10)

00005
25502
00006
010
012

Example 2:
Controlling Bits in Shift
Registers

00200 00201

The following program is used to control the status of the 17th bit of a shift register running from AR 00 through AR 01. When the 17th bit is to be set, 00004 is
turned ON. This causes the jump for JMP(04) 00 not to be made for that one
cycle, and AR 0100 (the 17th bit) will be turned ON. When 12800 is OFF (i.e., at
all times except during the first cycle after 00004 has changed from OFF to ON),
the jump is executed and the status of AR 0100 will not be changed.

I

Address
SFT(10)

00202

P
AR 00

00203

AR 01
R

00000
00001
00002
00003
00004

Instruction

Operands

LD
AND
LD
LD
SFT(10)

00200
00201
00202
00203
AR
AR

00004
DIFU(13) 12800
12800
JMP(04) 00
12800
AR 0100

00005
00006
00007
00008
00009
00010
00011

LD
DIFU(13)
LD
JMP(04)
LD
OUT
JME(05)

AR

00
01
00004
12800
12800
00
12800
0100
00

JME(05) 00

When a bit that is part of a shift register is used in OUT (or any other instruction
that controls bit status), a syntax error will be generated during the program
check, but the program will executed properly (i.e., as written).
Example 3:
Control Action

The following program controls the conveyor line shown below so that faulty
products detected at the sensor are pushed down a shoot. To do this, the execution condition determined by inputs from the first sensor (00001) are stored in a
shift register: ON for good products; OFF for faulty ones. Conveyor speed has
been adjusted so that HR 0003 of the shift register can be used to activate a
pusher (00500) when a faulty product reaches it, i.e., when HR 0003 turns ON,
00500 is turned ON to activate the pusher.

151

Section 5-15

Data Shifting

The program is set up so that a rotary encoder (00000) controls execution of
SFT(10) through a DIFU(13), the rotary encoder is set up to turn ON and OFF
each time a product passes the first sensor. Another sensor (00002) is used to
detect faulty products in the shoot so that the pusher output and HR 0003 of the
shift register can be reset as required.
Sensor
(00001)
Pusher
(00500)

Sensor
(00002)

Rotary Encoder
(00000)

00001

Address

I
SFT(10)

00000

P
HR 00

00003

R

Chute

HR 01

00000
00001
00002
00003

Instruction

00001
00000
00003

HR 0003
00500

00002
00500

00004
00005
00006
00007
00008

Operands

LD
LD
LD
SFT(10)

LD
OUT
LD
OUT NOT
OUT NOT

HR
HR
HR

HR

00
01
0003
00500
00002
00500
0003

HR 0003

5-15-2 REVERSIBLE SHIFT REGISTER – SFTR(84)
Operand Data Areas
C: Control word

Ladder Symbols

IR, AR, DM, HR, LR
SFTR(84)

@SFTR(84)

C

C

St

St

E

E

St: Starting word

Limitations

152

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR
E: End word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR LR

St and E must be in the same data area and St must be less than or equal to E.

Section 5-15

Data Shifting
Description

SFTR(84) is used to create a single- or multiple-word shift register that can shift
data to either the right or the left. To create a single-word register, designate the
same word for St and E. The control word provides the shift direction, the status
to be put into the register, the shift pulse, and the reset input. The control word is
allocated as follows:

15 14 13 12

Not used.
Shift direction
1 (ON): Left (LSB to MSB)
0 (OFF): Right (MSB to LSB)
Status to input into register
Shift pulse bit
Reset

The data in the shift register will be shifted one bit in the direction indicated by bit
12, shifting one bit out to CY and the status of bit 13 into the other end whenever
SFTR(84) is executed with an ON execution condition as long as the reset bit is
OFF and as long as bit 14 is ON. If SFTR(84) is executed with an OFF execution
condition or if SFTR(84) is executed with bit 14 OFF, the shift register will remain
unchanged. If SFTR(84) is executed with an ON execution condition and the reset bit (bit 15) is OFF, the entire shift register and CY will be set to zero.
Flags

ER:

St and E are not in the same data area or ST is greater than E.
Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of ∗DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)

CY:

Example

Receives the status of bit 00 of St or bit 15 of E, depending on the shift
direction.

In the following example, IR 00005, IR 00006, IR 00007, and IR 00008 are used
to control the bits of C used in @SHIFT(84). The shift register is between LR 20
and LR 21, and it is controlled through IR 00009.

Address

00005
05012

Direction

05013

Status to input

05014

Shift pulse

05015

Reset

00006

00007

00008

00000
00001
00002
00003
00004
00005
00006
00007
00008
00009

Instruction

Operands

LD
OUT
LD
OUT
LD
OUT
LD
OUT
LD
@SFT(10)

00005
05012
00006
05013
00007
00514
00008
05015
00009

LR
LR

00009

050
20
21

@SFTR(84)
050
LR 20
LR 21

153

Section 5-15

Data Shifting

5-15-3 ARITHMETIC SHIFT LEFT – ASL(25)

Ladder Symbols

Description

Operand Data Areas

ASL(25)

@ASL(25)

Wd

Wd

Wd: Shift word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR

When the execution condition is OFF, ASL(25) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, ASL(25) shifts a 0 into bit 00 of Wd, shifts the bits of Wd one
bit to the left, and shifts the status of bit 15 into CY.

CY

Bit
Bit
15
00
1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1
0

Flags

ER:

Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of ∗DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)

CY:

Receives the status of bit 15.

EQ:

ON when the content of Wd is zero; otherwise OFF.

5-15-4 ARITHMETIC SHIFT RIGHT – ASR(26)

Ladder Symbols

Description

Operand Data Areas

ASR(26)

@ASR(26)

Wd

Wd

Wd: Shift word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR

When the execution condition is OFF, ASR(25) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, ASR(25) shifts a 0 into bit 15 of Wd, shifts the bits of Wd
one bit to the right, and shifts the status of bit 00 into CY.
Bit
Bit
15
00
1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0

CY

0

Flags

154

ER:

Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of ∗DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)

CY:

Receives the data of bit 00.

EQ:

ON when the content of Wd is zero; otherwise OFF.

Section 5-15

Data Shifting

5-15-5 ROTATE LEFT – ROL(27)
Ladder Symbols

Description

Operand Data Areas

ROL(27)

@ROL(27)

Wd

Wd

Wd: Rotate word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR

When the execution condition is OFF, ROL(27) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, ROL(27) shifts all Wd bits one bit to the left, shifting CY
into bit 00 of Wd and shifting bit 15 of Wd into CY.
CY

Bit
15

Bit
00

0

1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1

Precautions

Use STC(41) to set the status of CY or CLC(41) to clear the status of CY before
doing a rotate operation to ensure that CY contains the proper status before execution ROL(27).
The status of CY is cleared at the end of each cycle (when END(01) is executed).

Flags

ER:
CY:

Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of ∗DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)
Receives the data of bit 15.

EQ:

ON when the content of Wd is zero; otherwise OFF.

5-15-6 ROTATE RIGHT – ROR(28)
Ladder Symbols

Description

Operand Data Areas

ROR(28)

@ROR(28)

Wd

Wd

Wd: Rotate word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR

When the execution condition is OFF, ROR(28) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, ROR(28) shifts all Wd bits one bit to the right, shifting CY
into bit 15 of Wd and shifting bit 00 of Wd into CY.
CY

Bit
15

Bit
00

0

0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1

Precautions

Use STC(41) to set the status of CY or CLC(41) to clear the status of CY before
doing a rotate operation to ensure that CY contains the proper status before execution ROR(28).
The status of CY is cleared at the end of each cycle (when END(01) is executed).

Flags

ER:
CY:
EQ:

Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of ∗DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)
Receives the data of bit 15.
ON when the content of Wd is zero; otherwise OFF.

155

Section 5-15

Data Shifting

5-15-7 ONE DIGIT SHIFT LEFT – SLD(74)
Ladder Symbols

Operand Data Areas
St: Starting word

SLD(74)

@SLD(74)

St

St

E

E

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR
E: End word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR

Limitations

St and E must be in the same data area, and St must be less than or equal to E.

Description

When the execution condition is OFF, SLD(74) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, SLD(74) shifts data between St and E (inclusive) by one
digit (four bits) to the left. 0 is written into the rightmost digit of the St, and the
content of the leftmost digit of E is lost.
E

...

St

8 F C 5

D 7 9 1

Lost data

0

Precautions

If a power failure occurs during a shift operation across more than 50 words, the
shift operation might not be completed.

Flags

ER:

The St and E words are in different areas, or St is greater than E.
Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of ∗DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)

5-15-8 ONE DIGIT SHIFT RIGHT – SRD(75)
Ladder Symbols

Operand Data Areas
E: End word

SRD(75)

@SRD(75)

E

E

St

St

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR
St: Starting word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR

Limitations

St and E must be in the same data area, and St must be less than or equal to E.

Description

When the execution condition is OFF, SRD(75) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, SRD(75) shifts data between St and E (inclusive) by one
digit (four bits) to the right. 0 is written into the leftmost digit of St and the rightmost digit of E is lost.
St
3 4 5 2

0

156

...

E
F 8 C 1

Lost data

Section 5-15

Data Shifting
Precautions

If a power failure occurs during a shift operation across more than 50 words, the
shift operation might not be completed. Set the range between E and St to a
maximum of 50 words.

Flags

ER:

The St and E words are in different areas, or St is less than E.
Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of ∗DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)

5-15-9 WORD SHIFT – WSFT(16)
Ladder Symbols

Operand Data Areas
St: Starting word

WSFT(16)

@WSFT(16)

St

St

E

E

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR
E: End word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR

Limitations

St and E must be in the same data area, and St must be less than or equal to E.

Description

When the execution condition is OFF, WSFT(16) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, WSFT(16) shifts data between St and E in word units.
Zeros are written into St and the content of E is lost.
E
F

0

St + 1
C

2

3

4

5

St
2

1

0

2

9

Lost
0000
E
3

Flags

ER:

4

St + 1
5

2

1

0

2

St
9

0

0

0

0

The St and E words are in different areas, or St is greater than E.
Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of ∗DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)

5-15-10 ASYNCHRONOUS SHIFT REGISTER – ASFT(17)
Operand Data Areas
C: Control word

Ladder Symbols

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR

Limitations

ASFT(17)

ASFT(17)

St: Starting word

C

C

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR

St

St

E

E

E: End word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR

St and E must be in the same data area, and St must be less than or equal to E.

157

Section 5-16

Data Movement
Description

Control Word

Flags

Example

When the execution condition is OFF, ASFT(17) does nothing and the program
moves to the next instruction. When the execution condition is ON, ASFT(17) is
used to create and control a reversible asynchronous word shift register between St and E. This register only shifts words when the next word in the register
is zero, e.g., if no words in the register contain zero, nothing is shifted. Also, only
one word is shifted for each word in the register that contains zero. When the
contents of a word are shifted to the next word, the original word’s contents are
set to zero. In essence, when the register is shifted, each zero word in the register trades places with the next word. (See Example below.)
The shift direction (i.e. whether the “next word” is the next higher or the next lower word) is designated in C. C is also used to reset the register. All of any portion
of the register can be reset by designating the desired portion with St and E.
Bits 00 through 12 of C are not used. Bit 13 is the shift direction: turn bit 13 ON to
shift down (toward lower addressed words) and OFF to shift up (toward higher
addressed words). Bit 14 is the Shift Enable Bit: turn bit 14 ON to enable shift
register operation according to bit 13 and OFF to disable the register. Bit 15 is the
Reset bit: the register will be reset (set to zero) between St and E when
ASFT(17) is executed with bit 15 ON. Turn bit 15 OFF for normal operation.
ER:

The St and E words are in different areas, or St is greater than E.
Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of ∗DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)
The following example shows instruction ASFT(17) used to shift words in an
11-word shift register created between DM 0100 and DM 0110 with a control
word value of #6000 (bits 13 and 14 ON). The data changes that would occur for
the given register and control word contents are also shown.
00000
ASFT(17)
#6000
DM 0100

Address
00100
00101

Instruction

DM 0100
DM 0101
DM 0102
DM 0103
DM 0104
DM 0105
DM 0106
DM 0107
DM 0108
DM 0109
DM 0110

1234
0000
0000
2345
3456
0000
4567
5678
6789
0000
789A

00000
#
DM
DM

DM 0110

Before
execution

Operands

LD
ASFT(17)

After 1
execution
1234
0000
2345
0000
3456
4567
0000
5678
6789
789A
0000

6000
0100
0110

After 7
executions
1234
2345
3456
4567
5678
6789
789A
0000
0000
0000
0000

5-16 Data Movement
This section describes the instructions used for moving data between different
addresses in data areas. These movements can be programmed to be within
the same data area or between different data areas. Data movement is essential
for utilizing all of the data areas of the PC. Effective communications in Link Systems also requires data movement. All of these instructions change only the
content of the words to which data is being moved, i.e., the content of source
words is the same before and after execution of any of the data movement instructions.

158

Section 5-16

Data Movement

5-16-1 MOVE – MOV(21)
Ladder Symbols

Operand Data Areas
S: Source word

MOV(21)

@MOV(21)

S

S

D

D

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR, #
D: Destination word

Description

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR

When the execution condition is OFF, MOV(21) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, MOV(21) copies the content of S to D.
Source word

Destination word
Bit status
not changed.

Precautions

TC numbers cannot be designated as D to change the PV of the timer or counter.
You can, however, easily change the PV of a timer or a counter by using
BSET(71).

Flags

ER:

Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of ∗DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)

EQ:

ON when all zeros are transferred to D.

5-16-2 MOVE NOT – MVN(22)
Ladder Symbols

Operand Data Areas
S: Source word

MVN(22)

@MVN(22)

S

S

D

D

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR, #
D: Destination word

Description

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR

When the execution condition is OFF, MVN(22) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, MVN(22) transfers the inverted content of S (specified
word or four-digit hexadecimal constant) to D, i.e., for each ON bit in S, the corresponding bit in D is turned OFF, and for each OFF bit in S, the corresponding bit
in D is turned ON.
Source word

Destination word
Bit status
inverted.

Precautions

TC numbers cannot be designated as D to change the PV of the timer or counter.
However, these can be easily changed using BSET(71).

Flags

ER:

Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of ∗DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)

EQ:

ON when all zeros are transferred to D.

159

Section 5-16

Data Movement

5-16-3 BLOCK SET – BSET(71)
Operand Data Areas
S: Source data

Ladder Symbols

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR, #
BSET(71)

@BSET(71)

S

S

St

St

E

E

St: Starting word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR
E: End Word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR

Limitations

St must be less than or equal to E, and St and E must be in the same data area.

Description

When the execution condition is OFF, BSET(71) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, BSET(71) copies the content of S to all words from St
through E.
S

St

3 4 5 2

3 4 5 2
St+1
3 4 5 2
St+2
3 4 5 2

E
3 4 5 2

BSET(71) can be used to change timer/counter PV. (This cannot be done with
MOV(21) or MVN(22).) BSET(71) can also be used to clear sections of a data
area, i.e., the DM area, to prepare for executing other instructions.
Flags

ER:

St and E are not in the same data area or St is greater than E.
Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of ∗DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)

160

Section 5-16

Data Movement
Example

00003

The following example shows how to use BSET(71) to change the PV of a timer
depending on the status of IR 00003 and IR 00004. When IR 00003 is ON, TIM
010 will operate as a 50-second timer; when IR 00004 is ON, TIM 010 will operate as a 30-second timer.
00004
@BSET(71)
#0500
TIM 010

Address

Instruction

00000
00001
00002

LD
AND NOT
@BSET(71)

TIM 010
00004

00003
@BSET(71)
#0300

00003
00004
00005

TIM 010
TIM 010

TIM 010
#9999

00006
00007
00008

00003
00004
#
TIM
TIM

0500
010
010
00004
00003

#
TIM
TIM

0300
010
010
00003
00004
010
9999

LD
AND NOT
@BSET(71)

00003

00004

Operands

LD
OR
TIM
#

5-16-4 BLOCK TRANSFER – XFER(70)
Operand Data Areas
N: Number of words (BCD)

Ladder Symbols

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR, #
XFER(70)

@XFER(70)

N

N

S

S

D

D

S: Starting source word

Limitations

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR
D: Starting destination word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR

Both S and D may be in the same data area, but their respective block areas
must not overlap. S and S+N must be in the same data area, as must D and D+N.
N must be BCD between 0000 and 6144.

Description

When the execution condition is OFF, XFER(70) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, XFER(70) copies the contents of S, S+1, ..., S+N to D,
D+1, ..., D+N.
S

D

3 4 5 2

3 4 5 2

S+1

D+1

3 4 5 1

3 4 5 1

S+2

D+2

3 4 2 2

3 4 2 2

S+N

D+N

6 4 5 2

6 4 5 2

161

Section 5-16

Data Movement
Flags

ER:

N is not BCD between 0000 and 2000.
S and S+N or D and D+N are not in the same data area.
Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of ∗DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)

5-16-5 DATA EXCHANGE – XCHG(73)
Ladder Symbols

Operand Data Areas
E1: Exchange word 1

XCHG(73)

@XCHG(73)

E1

E1

E2

E2

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR
E2: Exchange word 2

Description

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR

When the execution condition is OFF, XCHG(73) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, XCHG(73) exchanges the content of E1 and E2.
E1

E2

If you want to exchange content of blocks whose size is greater than 1 word, use
work words as an intermediate buffer to hold one of the blocks using XFER(70)
three times.
Flags

Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of ∗DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)

ER:

5-16-6 SINGLE WORD DISTRIBUTE – DIST(80)
Operand Data Areas
S: Source data

Ladder Symbols

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR, #
DIST(80)

@DIST(80)

S

S

DBs

DBs

C

C

DBs: Destination base word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR
C: Control word (BCD)
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR, #

Limitations

C must be a BCD. If C≤6655, DBs must be in the same data area as DBs+C. If
C≥9000, DBs must be in the same data area as DBs+C–9000.

Description

Depending on the value of C, DIST(80) will operate as a data distribution instruction or stack instruction. If C is between 0000 and 6655, DIST(80) will operate as
a data distribution instruction and copy the content of S to DBs+C. If the leftmost
digit of C is 9, DIST(80) will operate as a stack instruction and create a stack with
the number of words specified in the rightmost 3 digits of C.

Precautions

Stack operation will be unreliable if the specified stack length is different from the
length specified in the last execution of DIST(80) or COLL(81).

Data Distribution Operation
(C=0000 to 6655)

When the execution condition is OFF, DIST(80) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, DIST(80) copies the content of S to DBs+C, i.e.,C is
added to DBs to determine the destination word.

162

S

DBs + C

3 4 5 2

3 4 5 2

Data Movement

Section 5-16

Stack Operation
(C=9000 to 9999)

When the execution condition is OFF, DIST(80) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, DIST(80) operates a stack from DBs to DBs+C–9000.
DBs is the stack pointer, so S is copied to the word indicated by DBs and DBs is
incremented by 1.
Digits of C:

3 2 1 0

Specifies the stack length (000 to 999).
A value of 9 indicates stack operation.

Data can be added to the stack until it is full. DIST(80) is normally used together
with COLL(81), which can be set to read from the stack on a FIFO or LIFO basis.
Refer to 5-16-7 DATA COLLECT – COLL(81) for details.
Example of Stack Operation

In the following example, the content of C (LR 10) is 9010, and DIST(80) is used
to write the numerical data #00FF to the 10-word stack from HR 20 to HR 29.
During the first cycle when IR 00001 is ON, the data is written to DBs+1 (HR 21)
and the stack pointer is incremented by 1. In the second cycle the data is written
to DBs+2 (HR 22) and the stack pointer is incremented, and so on.

00001

Address

DIST(80)

00000
00001

# 00FF
HR 20

Instruction

00001
#
HR
LR

LR 10

Stack pointer

Operands

LD
DIST(80)

After one
execution

After two
executions

HR 20

HR 20

0 0 0 1

0 0 0 2

HR 21
0 0 F F
HR 22

Stack pointer
incremented

00FF
20
10

HR 21
0 0 F F
HR 22
0 0 F F

Stack area

HR 29

Flags

ER:

HR 29

The content of C is not BCD or 6655 C2

GR

25505

OFF

OFF

ON

EQ

25506

OFF

ON

OFF

LE

25507

ON

OFF

OFF

The following example shows how to save the comparison result immediately. If
the content of HR 09 is greater than that of 010, 00200 is turned ON; if the two
contents are equal, 00201 is turned ON; if content of HR 09 is less than that of
010, 00202 is turned ON. In some applications, only one of the three OUTs would
be necessary, making the use of TR 0 unnecessary. With this type of programming, 00200, 00201, and 00202 are changed only when CMP(20) is executed.

Example 1:
Saving CMP(20) Results

00000

Address

TR
0
CMP(20)
HR 09
010

25505
00200

Greater Than

25506
00201

Equal

00202

Less Than

25507

Address

Instruction

00000
00001
00002

LD
OUT
CMP(20)

00003
00004

Example 2:
Obtaining Indications
during Timer Operation

LD
AND

Operands

TR

HR
TR

00000
0
010
09
0
25505

Address
00005
00006
00007
00008
00009
00010
00011

Instruction
OUT
LD
AND
OUT
LD
AND
OUT

Operands

TR

TR

00200
0
25506
00201
0
25507
00202

The following example uses TIM, CMP(20), and the LE flag (25507) to produce
outputs at particular times in the timer’s countdown. The timer is started by turning ON 00000. When 00000 is OFF, TIM 010 is reset and the second two
CMP(20)s are not executed (i.e., executed with OFF execution conditions). Output 00200 is produced after 100 seconds; output 00201, after 200 seconds; output 00202, after 300 seconds; and output 00204, after 500 seconds.

171

Section 5-17

Data Comparison

The branching structure of this diagram is important in order to ensure that
00200, 00201, and 00202 are controlled properly as the timer counts down. Because all of the comparisons here use to the timer’s PV as reference, the other
operand for each CMP(20) must be in 4-digit BCD.
00000
TIM 010
#5000

500.0 s

CMP(20)
TIM 010
#4000
25507
00200

Output at
100 s.

00200
CMP(20)
TIM 010
#3000
25507
00201

Output at
200 s.

00201
CMP(20)
TIM 010
#2000
25507
00202

Output at
300 s.

00204

Output at
500 s.

TIM 010

Address

Instruction

00000
00001

LD
TIM

00002

CMP(20)

Operands

#
TIM
#
00003
00004
00005
00006

AND
OUT
LD
CMP(20)
TIM
#

00000
010
5000
010
4000
25507
00200
00200

Address
00007
00008
00009
00010

Instruction

Operands

AND
OUT
LD
CMP(20)

25507
00201
00201
TIM
#

00011
00012
00013
00014

AND
OUT
LD
OUT

TIM

010
2000
25507
00202
010
00204

010
3000

5-17-3 DOUBLE COMPARE – CMPL(60)
Ladder Symbols

Operand Data Areas
Cp1: First word of first compare word pair

CMPL(60)
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, TR
Cp1
Cp2: First word of second compare word pair
Cp2
___

172

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR

Section 5-17

Data Comparison
Limitations

Cp1 and Cp1+1 must be in the same data area, as must Cp2 and Cp2+1.

Description

When the execution condition is OFF, CMPL(60) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, CMPL(60) joins the 4-digit hexadecimal content of
Cp1+1 with that of Cp1, and that of Cp2+1 with that of Cp2 to create two 8-digit
hexadecimal numbers, Cp+1,Cp1 and Cp2+1,Cp2. The two 8-digit numbers are
then compared and the result is output to the GR, EQ, and LE flags in the SR
area.

Precautions

Placing other instructions between CMPL(60) and the operation which accesses the EQ, LE, and GR flags may change the status of these flags. Be sure
to access them before the desired status is changed.
CMPL(60) cannot be used to compare signed binary data. Use CPSL(––)
instead. Refer to 5-17-9 DOUBLE SIGNED BINARY COMPARE – CPSL(––) for
details.

Flags

Example:
Saving CMPL(60) Results

00000

ER:

Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of ∗DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)

GR:

ON if Cp1+1,Cp1 is greater than Cp2+1,Cp2.

EQ:

ON if Cp1+1,Cp1 equals Cp2+1,Cp2.

LE:

ON if Cp1+1,Cp1 is less than Cp2+1,Cp2.

The following example shows how to save the comparison result immediately. If
the content of HR 10, HR 09 is greater than that of 011, 010, then 00200 is turned
ON; if the two contents are equal, 00201 is turned ON; if content of HR 10, HR 09
is less than that of 011, 010, then 00202 is turned ON. In some applications, only
one of the three OUTs would be necessary, making the use of TR 0 unnecessary.
With this type of programming, 00200, 00201, and 00202 are changed only
when CMPL(60) is executed.

TR
0
CMPL(60)
HR 09
010
–––
25505
00200

Greater Than

25506
00201

Equal

00202

Less Than

25507

Address
00000
00001
00002

Instruction
LD
OUT
CMPL(60)

Operands

TR
HR

00003

AND

Address

00000
0
09
010
25505

00004
00005
00006
00007
00008
00009
00010

Instruction
OUT
LD
AND
OUT
LD
AND
OUT

Operands

TR

TR

00200
0
25506
00201
0
25507
00202

173

Section 5-17

Data Comparison

5-17-4 BLOCK COMPARE – BCMP(68)

Operand Data Areas
CD: Compare data

Ladder Symbols

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR, #
BCMP(68)

@BCMP(68)

CD

CD

CB

CB

R

R

CB: First comparison block word
IR, DM, HR, TC, LR
R: Result word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR

Limitations

Each lower limit word in the comparison block must be less than or equal to the
upper limit.

Description

When the execution condition is OFF, BCMP(68) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, BCMP(68) compares CD to the ranges defined by a block
consisting of of CB, CB+1, CB+2, ..., CB+31. Each range is defined by two
words, the first one providing the lower limit and the second word providing the
upper limit. If CD is found to be within any of these ranges (inclusive of the upper
and lower limits), the corresponding bit in R is set. The comparisons that are
made and the corresponding bit in R that is set for each true comparison are
shown below. The rest of the bits in R will be turned OFF.
CB ≤ CD ≤ CB+1
CB+2 ≤ CD ≤ CB+3
CB+4 ≤ CD ≤ CB+5
CB+6 ≤ CD ≤ CB+7
CB+8 ≤ CD ≤ CB+9
CB+10 ≤ CD ≤ CB+11
CB+12 ≤ CD ≤ CB+13
CB+14 ≤ CD ≤ CB+15
CB+16 ≤ CD ≤ CB+17
CB+18 ≤ CD ≤ CB+19
CB+20 ≤ CD ≤ CB+21
CB+22 ≤ CD ≤ CB+23
CB+24 ≤ CD ≤ CB+25
CB+26 ≤ CD ≤ CB+27
CB+28 ≤ CD ≤ CB+29
CB+30 ≤ CD ≤ CB+31

Flags

ER:

Bit 00
Bit 01
Bit 02
Bit 03
Bit 04
Bit 05
Bit 06
Bit 07
Bit 08
Bit 09
Bit 10
Bit 11
Bit 12
Bit 13
Bit 14
Bit 15

The comparison block (i.e., CB through CB+31) exceeds the data area.
Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of ∗DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)

174

Section 5-17

Data Comparison
Example

The following example shows the comparisons made and the results provided
for BCMP(68). Here, the comparison is made during each cycle when 00000 is
ON.

00000
BCMP(68)

Address

Instruction

00000
00001

LD
BCMP(68)

001
HR 10

Operands
00000

HR 05

HR
HR

CD 001
001

Lower limits
0210

HR 10
HR 12
HR 14
HR 16
HR 18
HR 20
HR 22
HR 24
HR 26
HR 28
HR 30
HR 32
HR 34
HR 36
HR 38
HR 40

Compare data in IR 001
(which contains 0210)
with the given ranges.

Upper limits

0000
0101
0201
0301
0401
0501
0601
0701
0801
0901
1001
1101
1201
1301
1401
1501

HR 11
HR 13
HR 15
HR 17
HR 19
HR 21
HR 23
HR 25
HR 27
HR 29
HR 31
HR 33
HR 35
HR 37
HR 39
HR 41

001
10
05

R: HR 05
0100
0200
0300
0400
0500
0600
0700
0800
0900
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1600

HR 0500
HR 0501
HR 0502
HR 0503
HR 0504
HR 0505
HR 0506
HR 0507
HR 0508
HR 0509
HR 0510
HR 0511
HR 0512
HR 0513
HR 0514
HR 0515

0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

5-17-5 TABLE COMPARE – TCMP(85)
Operand Data Areas
CD: Compare data

Ladder Symbols

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR, #
TCMP(85)

@TCMP(85)

CD

CD

TB

TB

R

R

TB: First comparison table word
IR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR
R: Result word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR

Limitations

TB and TB+15 must be in the same data area.

Description

When the execution condition is OFF, TCMP(85) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, TCMP(85) compares CD to the content of TB, TB+1,
TB+2, ..., and TB+15. If CD is equal to the content of any of these words, the
corresponding bit in R is set, e.g., if the CD equals the content of TB, bit 00 is
turned ON, if it equals that of TB+1, bit 01 is turned ON, etc. The rest of the bits in
R will be turned OFF.

Flags

ER:

The comparison table (i.e., TB through TB+15) exceeds the data area.
Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of ∗DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)

175

Section 5-17

Data Comparison
Example

The following example shows the comparisons made and the results provided
for TCMP(85). Here, the comparison is made during each cycle when 00000 is
ON.

00000
TCMP(85)
001

Address

Instruction

00000
00001

LD
TCMP(85)

Operands
00000

HR 10
HR 05

CD: 001
001

Upper limits
0210

Compare the data in IR 001
with the given ranges.

HR 10
HR 11
HR 12
HR 13
HR 14
HR 15
HR 16
HR 17
HR 18
HR 19
HR 20
HR 21
HR 22
HR 23
HR 24
HR 25

HR
HR

001
10
05

R: HR 05
0100
0200
0210
0400
0500
0600
0210
0800
0900
1000
0210
1200
1300
1400
0210
1600

HR 0500
HR 0501
HR 0502
HR 0503
HR 0504
HR 0505
HR 0506
HR 0507
HR 0508
HR 0509
HR 0510
HR 0511
HR 0512
HR 0513
HR 0514
HR 0515

0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0

5-17-6 AREA RANGE COMPARE – ZCP(88)
Operand Data Areas
CD: Compare data

Ladder Symbols

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR, #
ZCP(88)
LL: Lower limit of range
CD

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR, #

LL

UL: Upper limit of range

UL

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR, #

Limitations

LL must be less than or equal to UL.

Description

When the execution condition is OFF, ZCP(88) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, ZCP(88) compares CD to the range defined by lower limit
LL and upper limit UL and outputs the result to the GR, EQ, and LE flags in the
SR area. The resulting flag status is shown in the following table.
Flag status

Comparison
p
result

176

CD < LL

GR (SR 25505) EQ (SR 25506)
0
0

LE (SR 25507)
1

LL ≤ CD ≤ UL

0

1

0

UL < CD

1

0

0

Section 5-17

Data Comparison
Precautions

Placing other instructions between ZCP(88) and the operation which accesses
the EQ, LE, and GR flags may change the status of these flags. Be sure to access them before the desired status is changed.

Flags

ER:

Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of ∗DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)

EQ:

ON if LL ≤ CD ≤ UL

LE:

ON if CD < LL.

GR:

ON if CD > UL.

LL is greater than UL.

The following example shows how to save the comparison result immediately. If
IR 100 > AB1F, IR 00200 is turned ON; if #0010 ≤ IR 100 ≤ AB1F, IR 00201 is
turned ON; if IR 100 < 0010, IR 00202 is turned ON.

Example:
Saving ZCP(88) Results

00000

TR
0
ZCP(88)
IR 100
#0010
#AB1F

25505
00200

Greater Than
(above range)

00201

Equal
(within range)

00202

Less Than
(below range)

25506

25507

Address

Instruction

00000
00001
00002

LD
OUT
ZCP(88)

00003
00004

LD
AND

Operands

TR
IR
#
#

00000
0
100
0010
AB1F
25505

Address
00005
00006
00007
00008
00009
00010
00011

Instruction
OUT
LD
AND
OUT
LD
AND
OUT

Operands

TR

TR

00200
0
25506
00201
0
25507
00202

5-17-7 DOUBLE AREA RANGE COMPARE – ZCPL(––)
Operand Data Areas
Ladder Symbols

CD: Compare data
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR

ZCPL(––)
LL: Lower limit of range
CD
LL
UL

Limitations

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR
UL: Upper limit of range
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR

The 8-digit value in LL+1,LL must be less than or equal to UL+1,UL.
CD and CD+1 must be in the same data area, as must LL and LL+1, and UL and
UL+1.

177

Section 5-17

Data Comparison
Description

When the execution condition is OFF, ZCPL(––) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, ZCPL(––) compares the 8-digit value in CD, CD+1 to the
range defined by lower limit LL+1,LL and upper limit UL+1,UL and outputs the
result to the GR, EQ, and LE flags in the SR area. The resulting flag status is
shown in the following table.
Flag status

Comparison
p
result
GR
(SR 25505)

EQ
(SR 25506)

LE
(SR 25507)

CD , CD+1< LL+1,LL

0

0

1

LL+1,LL ≤ CD, CD+1 ≤ UL+1,UL

0

1

0

UL+1,UL < CD, CD+1

1

0

0

Precautions

Placing other instructions between ZCPL(––) and the operation which accesses
the EQ, LE, and GR flags may change the status of these flags. Be sure to access them before the desired status is changed.

Flags

ER:

Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of ∗DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)
LL+1,LL is greater than UL+1,UL.

EQ:

ON if LL+1,LL ≤ CD, CD+1 ≤ UL+1,UL

LE:

ON if CD, CD+1 < LL+1,LL.

GR:

ON if CD, CD+1 > UL+1,UL.

Refer to 5-17-6 AREA RANGE COMPARE – ZCP(88) for an example. The only
difference between ZCP(88) and ZCPL(––) is the number of digits in the comparison data.

Example

5-17-8 SIGNED BINARY COMPARE – CPS(––)
Ladder Symbols

Operand Data Areas
Cp1: First compare word

CPS(––)
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR, #
Cp1
Cp2: Second compare word
Cp2

Description

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR, #

When the execution condition is OFF, CPS(––) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, CPS(––) compares the 16-bit (4-digit) signed binary contents in Cp1 and Cp2 and outputs the result to the GR, EQ, and LE flags in the SR
area.
Note

1. Refer to page 29 for details on 16-bit signed binary data.
2. Refer to 5-17-2 Compare – CMP(20) for details on saving comparison results.

Precautions

178

Placing other instructions between CPS(––) and the operation which accesses
the EQ, LE, and GR flags may change the status of these flags. Be sure to access them before the desired status is changed.

Section 5-17

Data Comparison
Flags

ER:

Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of ∗DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)

EQ:

ON if Cp1 equals Cp2.

LE:

ON if Cp1 is less than Cp2.

GR:

ON if Cp1 is greater than Cp2.
Flag status

Comparison
p
result
Cp1 < Cp2

GR (SR 25505) EQ (SR 25506)
0
0

LE (SR 25505)
1

Cp1 = Cp2

0

1

0

Cp1 > Cp2

1

0

0

5-17-9 DOUBLE SIGNED BINARY COMPARE – CPSL(––)
Ladder Symbols

Operand Data Areas
Cp1: First compare word

CPSL(––)
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR
Cp1
Cp2: Second compare word
Cp2

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR

Limitations

Cp1 and Cp1+1 must be in the same data area, as must Cp2 and Cp2+1.

Description

When the execution condition is OFF, CPSL(––) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, CPSL(––) compares the 32-bit (8-digit) signed binary
contents in Cp1+1, Cp1 and Cp2+1, Cp2 and outputs the result to the GR, EQ,
and LE flags in the SR area.
Note

1. Refer to page 29 for details on 32-bit signed binary data.
2. Refer to 5-17-2 Compare – CMP(20) for details on saving comparison results.

Precautions

Placing other instructions between CPSL(––) and the operation which accesses
the EQ, LE, and GR flags may change the status of these flags. Be sure to access them before the desired status is changed.

Flags

ER:

Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of ∗DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)

EQ:

ON if Cp1+1, Cp1 equals Cp2+1, Cp2.

LE:

ON if Cp1+1, Cp1 is less than Cp2+1, Cp2.

GR:

ON if Cp1+1, Cp1 is greater than Cp2+1, Cp2.
Flag status

Comparison
p
result
Cp1+1, Cp1 < Cp2+1, Cp2

GR (SR 25505) EQ (SR 25506)
0
0

LE (SR 25507)
1

Cp1+1, Cp1 = Cp2+1, Cp2

0

1

0

Cp1+1, Cp1 > Cp2+1, Cp2

1

0

0

179

Section 5-18

Data Conversion

5-18 Data Conversion
The conversion instructions convert word data that is in one format into another
format and output the converted data to specified result word(s). Conversions
are available to convert between binary (hexadecimal) and BCD, to 7-segment
display data, to ASCII, and between multiplexed and non-multiplexed data. All of
these instructions change only the content of the words to which converted data
is being moved, i.e., the content of source words is the same before and after
execution of any of the conversion instructions.

5-18-1 BCD-TO-BINARY – BIN(23)
Ladder Symbols

Operand Data Areas
S: Source word (BCD)

BIN(23)

@BIN(23)

S

S

R

R

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR
R: Result word

Description

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR

When the execution condition is OFF, BIN(23) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, BIN(23) converts the BCD content of S into the numerically
equivalent binary bits, and outputs the binary value to R. Only the content of R is
changed; the content of S is left unchanged.
BCD

S

Binary

R

BIN(23) can be used to convert BCD to binary so that displays on the Programming Console or any other programming device will appear in hexadecimal
rather than decimal. It can also be used to convert to binary to perform binary
arithmetic operations rather than BCD arithmetic operations, e.g., when BCD
and binary values must be added.
Flags

ER:

The content of S is not BCD.
Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of ∗DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)

EQ:

180

ON when the result is zero.

Section 5-18

Data Conversion

5-18-2 DOUBLE BCD-TO-DOUBLE BINARY – BINL(58)
Ladder Symbols

Operand Data Areas
S: First source word (BCD)

BINL(58)

@BINL(58)

S

S

R

R

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR
R: First result word

Description

Flags

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR

When the execution condition is OFF, BINL(58) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, BINL(58) converts an eight-digit number in S and S+1
into 32-bit binary data, and outputs the converted data to R and R+1.

ER:

BCD

S+1

S

Binary

R+1

R

The contents of S and/or S+1 words are not BCD.
Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of ∗DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)
ON when the result is zero.

EQ:

5-18-3 BINARY-TO-BCD – BCD(24)
Ladder Symbols

Operand Data Areas
S: Source word (binary)

BCD(24)

@BCD(24)

S

S

R

R

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR
R: Result word

Description

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR

BCD(24) converts the binary (hexadecimal) content of S into the numerically
equivalent BCD bits, and outputs the BCD bits to R. Only the content of R is
changed; the content of S is left unchanged.
Binary

S

BCD

R

BCD(24) can be used to convert binary to BCD so that displays on the Programming Console or any other programming device will appear in decimal rather
than hexadecimal. It can also be used to convert to BCD to perform BCD arithmetic operations rather than binary arithmetic operations, e.g., when BCD and
binary values must be added.
Note If the content of S exceeds 270F, the converted result would exceed 9999 and
BCD(24) will not be executed. When the instruction is not executed, the content
of R remains unchanged.

181

Section 5-18

Data Conversion
Signed Binary Data

BCD(24) cannot be used to convert signed binary data directly to BCD. To convert signed binary data, first determine whether the data is positive or negative. If
it is positive, BCD(24) can be used to convert the data to BCD. If it is negative,
use the 2’s COMPLEMENT – NEG(––) instruction to convert the data to unsigned binary before executing BCD(24). Refer to page 29 for details on signed
binary data.

Flags

ER:

S is greater than 270F.
Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of ∗DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)

EQ:

ON when the result is zero.

5-18-4 DOUBLE BINARY-TO-DOUBLE BCD – BCDL(59)
Ladder Symbols

Operand Data Areas
S: First source word (binary)

BCDL(59)

@BCDL(59)

S

S

R

R

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR
R: First result word

Limitations

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR

If the content of S exceeds 05F5E0FF, the converted result would exceed
99999999 and BCDL(59) will not be executed. When the instruction is not executed, the content of R and R+1 remain unchanged.
S and S+1 must be in the same data area as must R and R+1.

Description

BCDL(59) converts the 32-bit binary content of S and S+1 into eight digits of
BCD data, and outputs the converted data to R and R+1.
Binary

S+1

S

BCD

R+1

R

Signed Binary Data

BCD(24) cannot be used to convert signed binary data directly to BCD. To convert signed binary data, first determine whether the data is positive or negative. If
it is positive, BCD(24) can be used to convert the data to BCD. If it is negative,
use the DOUBLE 2’s COMPLEMENT – NEGL(––) instruction to convert the data
to unsigned binary before executing BCD(24). Refer to page 29 for details on
signed binary data.

Flags

ER:

Content of R and R+1 exceeds 99999999.
Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of ∗DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)

EQ:

182

ON when the result is zero.

Section 5-18

Data Conversion

5-18-5 HOURS-TO-SECONDS – SEC(65)
Operand Data Areas
S: Beginning source word (BCD)

Ladder Symbols

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR
SEC(65)

@SEC(65)

S

S

R

R

---

---

R: Beginning result word (BCD)
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR
---: Not used.

Limitations

S and S+1 must be within the same data area. R and R+1 must be within the
same data area. S and S+1 must be BCD and must be in the proper hours/minutes/seconds format.

Description

SEC(65) is used to convert time notation in hours/minutes/seconds to an equivalent in just seconds.
For the source data, the seconds is designated in bits 00 through 07 and the minutes is designated in bits 08 through 15 of S. The hours is designated in S+1. The
maximum is thus 9,999 hours, 59 minutes, and 59 seconds.
The result is output to R and R+1. The maximum obtainable value is 35,999,999
seconds.

Flags

ER:

S and S+1 or R and R+1 are not in the same data area.
S and/or S+1 do not contain BCD.
Number of seconds and/or minutes exceeds 59.
Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of ∗DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)

EQ:
Example

Turns ON when the result is zero.

When 00000 is OFF (i.e., when the execution condition is ON), the following instruction would convert the hours, minutes, and seconds given in HR 12 and HR
13 to seconds and store the results in DM 0100 and DM 0101 as shown.

00000

Address

SEC(65)
HR 12
DM 0100
000

HR 12

3

2

0

7

HR 13

2

8

1

5

DM 0100

5

9

2

7

DM 0101

1

0

1

3

2,815 hrs, 32 min, 07 s

00000
00001

Instruction

Operands

LD NOT
SEC(65)

00000
HR
DM

12
0100
000

10,135,927 s

183

Section 5-18

Data Conversion

5-18-6 SECONDS-TO-HOURS – HMS(66)
Operand Data Areas
S: Beginning source word (BCD)

Ladder Symbols

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR
HMS(66)

@HMS(66)

S

S

R

R

---

---

R: Beginning result word (BCD)
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR
---: Not used.

Limitations

S and S+1 must be within the same data area. R and R+1 must be within the
same data area. S and S+1 must be BCD and must be between 0 and
35,999,999 seconds.

Description

HMS(66) is used to convert time notation in seconds to an equivalent in hours/
minutes/seconds.
The number of seconds designated in S and S+1 is converted to hours/minutes/
seconds and placed in R and R+1.
For the results, the seconds is placed in bits 00 through 07 and the minutes is
placed in bits 08 through 15 of R. The hours is placed in R+1. The maximum will
be 9,999 hours, 59 minutes, and 59 seconds.

Flags

ER:

S and S+1 or R and R+1 are not in the same data area.
S and/or S+1 do not contain BCD or exceed 36,000,000 seconds.
Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of ∗DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)

EQ:
Example

Turns ON when the result is zero.

When 00000 is OFF (i.e., when the execution condition is ON), the following instruction would convert the seconds given in HR 12 and HR 13 to hours, minutes, and seconds and store the results in DM 0100 and DM 0101 as shown.

00000

Address

HMS(66)
HR 12
DM 0100
000

184

HR 12

5

9

2

7

HR 13

1

0

1

3

DM 0100

3

2

0

7

DM 0101

2

8

1

5

10,135,927 s

2,815 hrs, 32 min, 07 s

00000
00001

Instruction

Operands

LD NOT
HMS(66)

00000
HR
DM

12
0100
000

Section 5-18

Data Conversion

5-18-7 4-TO-16 DECODER – MLPX(76)
Operand Data Areas
S: Source word

Ladder Symbols

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR
MLPX(76)

@MLPX(76)

S

S

C

C

R

R

C: Control word

Limitations

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR, #
R: First result word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR

When the leftmost digit of C is 0, the rightmost two digits of C must each be between 0 and 3.
When the leftmost digit of C is 1, the rightmost two digits of C must each be between 0 and 1.
All result words must be in the same data area.

Description

Depending on the value of C, MLPX(76) operates as a 4-bit to 16-bit decoder or
an 8-bit to 256-bit decoder.

4-bit to 16-bit Decoder

MLPX(76) operates as a 4-bit to 16-bit decoder when the leftmost digit of C is 0.
The hexadecimal value of the digits in S are used to specify bits in up to 4 result
words. The specified bit in each result word is turned on, and the other 15 bits in
each word are turned off.
When the execution condition is OFF, MLPX(76) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, MLPX(76) converts up to four, four-bit hexadecimal digits
from S into decimal values from 0 to 15, each of which is used to indicate a bit
position. The bit whose number corresponds to each converted value is then
turned ON in a result word. If more than one digit is specified, then one bit will be
turned ON in each of consecutive words beginning with R. (See examples, below.)

Control Word

The digits of C are set as shown below. Set the leftmost digit of C to 0 to specify
4-bit to 16-bit decoding.

Digit number:

3 2 1 0

Specifies the first digit to be converted (0 to 3)
Number of digits to be converted (0 to 3)
0: 1 digit
1: 2 digits
2: 3 digits
3: 4 digits
Not used. Set to 0.
A value of 0 specifies 4-bit to 16-bit decoding.

185

Section 5-18

Data Conversion

Some example C values and the digit-to-word conversions that they produce
are shown below.
C: 0010

C: 0030

S

S

0

R

0

R

1

R+1

1

R+1

2

2

R+2

3

3

R+3

C: 0031

C: 0023

S

S

0

R

0

R

1

R+1

1

R+1

2

R+2

2

R+2

3

R+3

3

The following is an example of a one-digit decode operation from digit number 1
of S, i.e., here C would be 0001.
Source word
C

Bit C (i.e., bit number 12) turned ON.
First result word
0

0

0

1

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

The first digit and the number of digits to be converted are designated in C. If
more digits are designated than remain in S (counting from the designated first
digit), the remaining digits will be taken starting back at the beginning of S. The
final word required to store the converted result (R plus the number of digits to be
converted) must be in the same data area as R, e.g., if two digits are converted,
the last word address in a data area cannot be designated; if three digits are converted, the last two words in a data area cannot be designated.
8-bit to 256-bit Decoder

MLPX(76) operates as an 8-bit to 256-bit decoder when the leftmost digit of C is
set to 1. The hexadecimal value of the two bytes in S are used to specify a bit in
one or two groups of 16 consecutive result words (256 bits). The specified bit in
each group is turned on, and the other 255 bits in the group are turned off.

Control Word

The digits of C are set as shown below. Set the leftmost digit of C to 1 to specify
8-bit to 256-bit decoding.
Digit number:

3 2 1 0

Specifies the first byte to be converted (0 or 1).
0: Rightmost byte
1: Leftmost byte
Number of bytes to be converted (0 or 1).
0: 1 byte
1: 2 bytes
Not used. Set to 0.
A value of 1 specifies 8-bit to 256-bit decoding.

186

Section 5-18

Data Conversion

The 4 possible C values and the conversions that they produce are shown below. (In S, 0 indicates the rightmost byte and 1 indicates the leftmost byte.)
C: 1000

C: 1001

S

S

0

R to R+15

0

R to R+15

1

R+16 to R+31

1

R+16 to R+31

C: 1010

C: 1011

S

S

0

R to R+15

0

R to R+15

1

R+16 to R+31

1

R+16 to R+31

The following is an example of a one-byte decode operation from the rightmost
byte of S (C would be 1000 in this case).
Source word
2

Bit
15
0 0 0

Bit
00

. . .

0 0 0

Bit
15

. . .

Bit Bit
00 15

0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

R+2

R+15
Flags

Bit 2C (i.e., bit number 12 in
the third word) turned ON.

C

ER:

Bit Bit
00 15

. . .

0 0 0 0 0 0

R+1

Bit
00

. . .

0 0 0

R

Undefined control word.
The result words are not all in the same data area.
Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of ∗DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)

187

Section 5-18

Data Conversion

The following program converts three digits of data from LR 20 to bit positions
and turns ON the corresponding bits in three consecutive words starting with
HR 10.

Example:
4-bit to 16-bit Decoding

00000
MLPX(76)

Address

Instruction

DM 0020

00000
00001

LD
MLPX(76)

#0021

DM 00
DM 01
DM 02
DM 03
DM 04
DM 05
DM 06
DM 07
DM 08
DM 09
DM 10
DM 11
DM 12
DM 13
DM 14
DM 15

R: HR 10

1
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0

20
21
22
23
20
21
22
23
20
21
22
23
20
21
22
23

HR 1000
HR 1001
HR 1002
HR 1003
HR 1004
HR 1005
HR 1006
HR 1007
HR 1008
HR 1009
HR 1010
HR 1011
HR 1012
HR 1013
HR 1014
HR 1015

Not
Converted

1

2

3

15

6

0

R+1: HR 11
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1

00000
LR
#
HR

HR 10

S: LR 20

Operands

HR 1100
HR 1101
HR 1102
HR 1103
HR 1104
HR 1105
HR 1106
HR 1107
HR 1108
HR 1109
HR 1110
HR 1111
HR 1112
HR 1113
HR 1114
HR 1115

20
0021
10

R+2: HR 12
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

HR 1200
HR 1201
HR 1202
HR 1203
HR 1204
HR 1205
HR 1206
HR 1207
HR 1208
HR 1209
HR 1210
HR 1211
HR 1212
HR 1213
HR 1214
HR 1215

1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

5-18-8 16-TO-4 ENCODER – DMPX(77)
Operand Data Areas
S: First source word

Ladder Symbols

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR
DMPX(77)

@DMPX(77)

S

S

R

R

C

C

R: Result word

Limitations

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR
C: Control Word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR, #

When the leftmost digit of C is 0, the rightmost two digits of C must each be between 0 and 3.
When the leftmost digit of C is 1, the rightmost two digits of C must each be between 0 and 1.
All source words must be in the same data area.

Description

188

Depending on the value of C, MLPX(76) operates as a 16-bit to 4-bit encoder or
an 256-bit to 8-bit encoder.

Section 5-18

Data Conversion
16-bit to 4-bit encoder

DMPX(77) operates as a 16-bit to 4-bit encoder when the leftmost digit of C is 0.
When the execution condition is OFF, DMPX(77) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, DMPX(77) determines the position of the highest ON bit
in S, encodes it into single-digit hexadecimal value corresponding to the bit number, then transfers the hexadecimal value to the specified digit in R. The digits to
receive the results are specified in C, which also specifies the number of digits to
be encoded.

Control Word

The digits of C are set as shown below. Set the leftmost digit of C to 0 to specify
16-bit to 4-bit encoding.
Digit number:

3 2 1 0

Specifies the first digit in R to receive converted data (0 to 3).
Number of words to be converted (0 to 3).
0: 1 word
1: 2 words
2: 3 words
3: 4 words
Not used. Set to 0.
A value of 0 specifies 16-bit to 4-bit encoding.

Some example C values and the word-to-digit conversions that they produce
are shown below.
C: 0011

C: 0030
R

R

S

0

S

0

S+1

1

S+1

1

2

S+2

2

3

S+3

3

C: 0013

C: 0032
R

R
0

S

0

S

S+1

1

S+1

1

2

S+2

2

3

S+3

3

The following is an example of a one-digit encode operation to digit number 1 of
R, i.e., here C would be 0001.
First source word
0

0

0

1

0

0

0

1

0

0

0

1

0

1

1

0

C transferred to indicate bit number 12 as
the highest ON bit.
Result word
C

Up to four digits from four consecutive source words starting with S may be encoded and the digits written to R in order from the designated first digit. If more
digits are designated than remain in R (counting from the designated first digit),
the remaining digits will be placed at digits starting back at the beginning of R.
The final word to be converted (S plus the number of digits to be converted) must
be in the same data area as SB.

189

Section 5-18

Data Conversion
256-bit to 8-bit Encoder

DMPX(77) operates as a 256-bit to 8-bit encoder when the leftmost digit of C is
set to 1.
When the execution condition is OFF, DMPX(77) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, DMPX(77) determines the position of the highest (leftmost) ON bit in the group of 16 source words from S to S+15 or S+16 to S+31,
encodes it into a two-digit hexadecimal value corresponding to the location of
the bit among the 256 bits in the group, then transfers the hexadecimal value to
the specified byte in R. The byte to receive the result is specified in C, which also
specifies the number of bytes to be encoded.

Control Word

The digits of C are set as shown below. Set the leftmost digit of C to 1 to specify
256-bit to 8-bit decoding.
Digit number:

3 2 1 0

Specifies the first byte in R to receive converted data (0 or 1).
0: Rightmost byte
1: Leftmost byte
Number of bytes to be encoded (0 or 1).
0: 1 byte
1: 2 bytes
Not used. Set to 0.
A value of 1 specifies 256-bit to 8-bit encoding.

Three possible C values and the conversions that they produce are shown below. (In R, 0 indicates the rightmost byte and 1 indicates the leftmost byte.)
C: 1000

C: 1010

R
S to S+15
S+16 to S+31

C: 1011

R

R

0

S to S+15

0

S to S+15

0

1

S+16 to S+31

1

S+16 to S+31

1

The following is an example of a one-byte encode operation to the rightmost byte
of R (C would be 1000 in this case).
Bit
15

Bit Bit
00 15

0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1

Bit
00

. . .

0 1 0

S+14

S+15

Bit
15

. . .

1 1 1

Bit
00

. . .

0 0 0

S

Result word
F

Flags

B

ER:

Bit FB (bit 251 of 0 to 255) is the highest ON bit of the
16-word group, so FB is written to the rightmost bit of R.

Undefined control word.
The source words are not all in the same data area.
Content of a source word is zero. (There isn’t an ON bit in the source
words.)
Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of ∗DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)

190

Section 5-18

Data Conversion

When 00000 is ON, the following diagram encodes IR words 010 and 011 to the
first two digits of HR 20 and then encodes LR 10 and 11 to the last two digits of
HR 20. Although the status of each source word bit is not shown, it is assumed
that the bit with status 1 (ON) shown is the highest bit that is ON in the word.

Example:
16-bit to 4-bit Encoding

00000
DMPX(77)

Address

Instruction

010

00000
00001

LD
DMPX(77)

HR 20

Operands
00000

HR
#

010
20
0010

LR
HR
#

10
20
0012

#0010

DMPX(77)

00002

LR 10

DMPX(77)

HR 20
#0012

IR 010

IR 011

01000

01100

:

:

01011

1

01109

01012

0

01110

1
0

: :

:

: :

:

01015

0

01115

0

HR 20

LR 10

LR 11

LR 1000

LR 1100

LR 1001 1

:

LR 1002 0

LR 1108 1

: :

:

LR 1109 0

: :

:

: :

Digit 0

B

Digit 1

9

Digit 2

1

Digit 3

8

:

LR 1115 0

LR 1015 0

5-18-9 7-SEGMENT DECODER – SDEC(78)
Operand Data Areas
S: Source word (binary)

Ladder Symbols

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR
SDEC(78)

@SDEC(78)

S

S

Di

Di

D

D

Di: Digit designator

Limitations

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR, #
D: First destination word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR

Di must be within the values given below
All destination words must be in the same data area.

Description

When the execution condition is OFF, SDEC(78) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, SDEC(78) converts the designated digit(s) of S into the
equivalent 8-bit, 7-segment display code and places it into the destination
word(s) beginning with D.

191

Section 5-18

Data Conversion

Any or all of the digits in S may be converted in sequence from the designated
first digit. The first digit, the number of digits to be converted, and the half of D to
receive the first 7-segment display code (rightmost or leftmost 8 bits) are designated in Di. If multiple digits are designated, they will be placed in order starting
from the designated half of D, each requiring two digits. If more digits are designated than remain in S (counting from the designated first digit), further digits will
be used starting back at the beginning of S.
Digit Designator

The digits of Di are set as shown below.

Digit number:

3 2 1 0

Specifies the first digit to receive converted data (0 to 3).
Number of digits to be converted (0 to 3)
0: 1 digit
1: 2 digits
2: 3 digits
3: 4 digits
First half of D to be used.
0: Rightmost 8 bits (1st half)
1: Leftmost 8 bits (2nd half)
Not used; set to 0.

Some example Di values and the 4-bit binary to 7-segment display conversions
that they produce are shown below.

Di: 0011
S digits
0
1

Di: 0030
D

S digits

D

1st half

0

1st half

2nd half

1

2nd half

2

2

3

3

D+1
1st half
2nd half

Di: 0112
S digits

D

0

1st half

1

2nd half

2
3

D+1

Di: 0130
S digits
0
1
2
3

D
1st half
2nd half
D+1

1st half

1st half

2nd half

2nd half
D+2
1st half
2nd half

192

Section 5-18

Data Conversion
Example

The following example shows the data to produce an 8. The lower case letters
show which bits correspond to which segments of the 7-segment display. The
table underneath shows the original data and converted code for all hexadecimal digits.

Di

a

D

S
Bit 00
or
bit 08

f
1

a

1

1

b

22

0

1

c

0

23

0

1

d

0

20

0

1

e

21

0

1

f

0

22

0

1

g

1

23

1

0

20

0

21

1

22

1

1

23

1

1

20

1

21

0

1

22

1

1

23

1

0

20

0

1

21

0

x100

0
x101

1

x102

1

0

x103

1: Second digit
0

0: One digit

1

3

Not used.

Digit

Flags

2

0 or 1:
bits 00 through 07 or
08 through 15.

8

Bit 07
or
bit 15

Original data
Bits

–

e

c

d

0

Converted code (segments)
g
f
e
d
c
b

Display
a

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

0

0

0

1

0

0

0

0

0

1

1

0

2

0

0

1

0

0

1

0

1

1

0

1

1

3

0

0

1

1

0

1

0

0

1

1

1

1

4

0

1

0

0

0

1

1

0

0

1

1

0

5

0

1

0

1

0

1

1

0

1

1

0

1

6

0

1

1

0

0

1

1

1

1

1

0

1

7

0

1

1

1

0

0

1

0

0

1

1

1

8

1

0

0

0

0

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

9

1

0

0

1

0

1

1

0

1

1

1

1

A

1

0

1

0

0

1

1

1

0

1

1

1

B

1

0

1

1

0

1

1

1

1

1

0

0

C

1

1

0

0

0

0

1

1

1

0

0

1

D

1

1

0

1

0

1

0

1

1

1

1

0

E

1

1

1

0

0

1

1

1

1

0

0

1

F

1

1

1

1

0

1

1

1

0

0

0

1

ER:

b

g

Incorrect digit designator, or data area for destination exceeded
Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of ∗DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)

193

Section 5-18

Data Conversion

5-18-10 ASCII CONVERT – ASC(86)
Operand Data Areas
S: Source word

Ladder Symbols

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR
ASC(86)

@ASC(86)

S

S

Di

Di

D

D

Di: Digit designator
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR, #
D: First destination word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR

Limitations

Di must be within the values given below
All destination words must be in the same data area.

Description

When the execution condition is OFF, ASC(86) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, ASC(86) converts the designated digit(s) of S into the
equivalent 8-bit ASCII code and places it into the destination word(s) beginning
with D.
Any or all of the digits in S may be converted in order from the designated first
digit. The first digit, the number of digits to be converted, and the half of D to receive the first ASCII code (rightmost or leftmost 8 bits) are designated in Di. If
multiple digits are designated, they will be placed in order starting from the designated half of D, each requiring two digits. If more digits are designated than
remain in S (counting from the designated first digit), further digits will be used
starting back at the beginning of S.
Refer to Appendix I for a table of extended ASCII characters.

Digit Designator

The digits of Di are set as shown below.
Digit number:

3 2 1 0

Specifies the first digit to be converted (0 to 3).
Number of digits to be converted (0 to 3)
0: 1 digit
1: 2 digits
2: 3 digits
3: 4 digits
First half of D to be used.
0: Rightmost 8 bits (1st half)
1: Leftmost 8 bits (2nd half)
Parity

194

0: none,
1: even,
2: odd

Section 5-18

Data Conversion

Some examples of Di values and the 4-bit binary to 8-bit ASCII conversions that
they produce are shown below.
Di: 0011
S

Di: 0030
D

0
1

S

D

1st half

0

1st half

2nd half

1

2nd half

2

2

3

3

D+1
1st half
2nd half

Di: 0112
S

Di: 0130
D

0

1st half

1

2nd half

S
0
1

D
1st half
2nd half

2

2
D+1

3

3

D+1

1st half

1st half

2nd half

2nd half
D+2
1st half
2nd half

Parity

The leftmost bit of each ASCII character (2 digits) can be automatically adjusted
for either even or odd parity. If no parity is designated, the leftmost bit will always
be zero.
When even parity is designated, the leftmost bit will be adjusted so that the total
number of ON bits is even, e.g., when adjusted for even parity, ASCII “31”
(00110001) will be “B1” (10110001: parity bit turned ON to create an even number of ON bits); ASCII “36” (00110110) will be “36” (00110110: parity bit turned
OFF because the number of ON bits is already even). The status of the parity bit
does not affect the meaning of the ASCII code.
When odd parity is designated, the leftmost bit of each ASCII character will be
adjusted so that there is an odd number of ON bits.

Flags

ER:

Incorrect digit designator, or data area for destination exceeded.
Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of ∗DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)

5-18-11 ASCII-TO-HEXADECIMAL – HEX(––)
Operand Data Areas
S: First source word

Ladder Symbols

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR
HEX(––)

@HEX(––)

S

S

Di

Di

D

D

Di: Digit designator
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR
D: Destination word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR

195

Section 5-18

Data Conversion
Limitations

Di must be within the values given below.
All source words must be in the same data area.
Bytes in the source words must contain the ASCII code equivalent of hexadecimal values, i.e., 30 to 39 (0 to 9), 41 to 46 (A to F), or 61 to 66 (a to f).

Description

When the execution condition is OFF, HEX(––) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, HEX(––) converts the designated byte(s) of ASCII code
from the source word(s) into the hexadecimal equivalent and places it into D.
Up to 4 ASCII codes may be converted beginning with the designated first byte
of S. The converted hexadecimal values are then placed in D in order from the
designated digit. The first byte (rightmost or leftmost 8 bits), the number of bytes
to be converted, and the digit of D to receive the first hexadecimal value are
designated in Di. If multiple bytes are designated, they will be converted in order
starting from the designated half of S and continuing to S+1 and S+2, if
necessary.
If more digits are designated than remain in D (counting from the designated first
digit), further digits will be used starting back at the beginning of D. Digits in D
that do not receive converted data will not be changed.

Digit Designator

The digits of Di are set as shown below.
Digit number:

3 2 1 0

Specifies the first digit of D to be used (0 to 3).
Number of bytes to be converted (0 to 3)
0: 1 byte (2-digit ASCII code)
1: 2 bytes
2: 3 bytes
3: 4 bytes
First byte of S to be used.
0: Rightmost 8 bits (1st byte)
1: Leftmost 8 bits (2nd byte)
Parity

196

0: none
1: even
2: odd

Section 5-18

Data Conversion

Some examples of Di values and the 8-bit ASCII to 4-bit hexadecimal conversions that they produce are shown below.
Di: 0011

Di: 0030
D

S
1st
2nd

S

D

byte

0

1st

byte

0

byte

1

2nd

byte

1

2

2
S+1

3

3

1st byte
2nd byte
Di: 0023

Di: 0133

S

D

1st byte

0

1st byte

D

2nd byte

1

2nd byte

0

S

2
S+1

1
S+1

3

2

1st byte

1st byte

2nd byte

2nd byte

3

S+2
1st byte
2nd byte

ASCII Code Table

The following table shows the ASCII codes before conversion and the hexadecimal values after conversion. Refer to Appendix I for a table of ASCII characters.
Original data
ASCII Code

Converted data

Bit status (See note.)

Digit

Bits

30

*

0

1

1

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

31

*

0

1

1

0

0

0

1

1

0

0

0

1

32

*

0

1

1

0

0

1

0

2

0

0

1

0

33

*

0

1

1

0

0

1

1

3

0

0

1

1

34

*

0

1

1

0

1

0

0

4

0

1

0

0

35

*

0

1

1

0

1

0

1

5

0

1

0

1

36

*

0

1

1

0

1

1

0

6

0

1

1

0

37

*

0

1

1

0

1

1

1

7

0

1

1

1

38

*

0

1

1

1

0

0

0

8

1

0

0

0

39

*

0

1

1

1

0

0

1

9

1

0

0

1

41

*

1

0

1

0

0

0

1

A

1

0

1

0

42

*

1

0

1

0

0

1

0

B

1

0

1

1

43

*

1

0

1

0

0

1

1

C

1

1

0

0

44

*

1

0

1

0

1

0

0

D

1

1

0

1

45

*

1

0

1

0

1

0

1

E

1

1

1

0

46

*

1

0

1

0

1

1

0

F

1

1

1

1

Note The leftmost bit of each ASCII code is adjusted for parity.
Parity

The leftmost bit of each ASCII character (2 digits) is automatically adjusted for
either even or odd parity.
With no parity, the leftmost bit should always be zero. With odd or even parity, the
leftmost bit of each ASCII character should be adjusted so that there is an odd or
even number of ON bits.
If the parity of the ASCII code in S does not agree with the parity specified in Di,
the ER Flag (SR 25503) will be turned ON and the instruction will not be
executed.

197

Section 5-18

Data Conversion
Flags

ER:

Incorrect digit designator, or data area for destination exceeded.
Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of ∗DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)

In the following example, the 2nd byte of LR 10 and the 1st byte of LR 11 are converted to hexadecimal values and those values are written to the first and second bytes of IR 010.

Example

00000
@HEX(––)
LR 10
HR 10

Address

Instruction

00000
00001

LD
@HEX(––)

Operands
00000
LR
HR

010

10
10
010

HR 10 0 1 1 0

LR 12

3 5 3 4

LR 11

4 2 3 2

LR 10

3 1 3 0
Conversion to
hexadecimal

010 0 0 2 1

5-18-12 SCALING – SCL(––)
Ladder Symbols

Operand Data Areas
S: Source word

SCL(––)

@SCL(––)

S

S

P1

P1

R

R

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR, #
P1: First parameter word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR
R: Result word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR

Limitations

P1 and P1+2 must be BCD.
P1 through P1+3 must be in the same data area.
P1+1 and P1+3 must not be set to the same value.

Description

SCL(––) is used to linearly convert a 4-digit hexadecimal value to a 4-digit BCD
value. Unlike BCD(24), which converts a 4-digit hexadecimal value to its 4-digit
BCD equivalent (Shex → SBCD), SCL(––) can convert the hexadecimal value according to a specified linear relationship. The conversion line is defined by two
points specified in the parameter words P1 to P1+3.
When the execution condition is OFF, SCL(––) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, SCL(––) converts the 4-digit hexadecimal value in S to the
4-digit BCD value on the line defined by points (P1, P1+1) and (P1+2, P1+3) and
places the result in R. The result is rounded off to the nearest integer. If the result
is less than 0000, then 0000 is written to R, and if the result is greater than 9999,
then 9999 is written to R.

198

Section 5-18

Data Conversion

The following table shows the functions and ranges of the parameter words:
Parameter

Function

Range

Comments

P1

BCD point #1 (AY)

0000 to 9999

---

P1+1

Hex. point #1 (AX)

0000 to FFFF

Do not set P1+1=P1+3.

P1+2

BCD point #2 (BY)

0000 to 9999

---

P1+3

Hex. point #2 (BX)

0000 to FFFF

Do not set P1+3=P1+1.

The following diagram shows the source word, S, converted to D according to
the line defined by points (AY, AX) and (BY, BX).
Value after conversion
(BCD)
BY

R
AY

AX

S

Value before conversion
(Hexadecimal)

BX

The results can be calculated by first converting all values to BCD and then using
the following formula.
Results = BY – [(BY – AY)/(BX – AX) X (BX – S)]
Flags

ER:

The value in P1+1 equals that in P1+3.
Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of *DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)
P1 and P1+3 are not in the same data area, or other setting error.

EQ:
Example

ON when the result, R, is 0000.

When 00000 is turned ON in the following example, the BCD source data in DM
0100 (#0100) is converted to hexadecimal according to the parameters in DM
0150 to DM 0153. The result (#0512) is then written to DM 0200.
00000
@SCL(––)
DM 0100
DM 0150

Instruction

00000
00001

LD
@SCL(––)

Operands
00000
DM
DM
DM

DM 0200

DM 0150
DM 0151
DM 0152
DM 0153

Address

0010
0005
0050
0019

0100
0150
0200

DM 0100

0100

DM 0200

0512

199

Section 5-18

Data Conversion

5-18-13 COLUMN TO LINE – LINE(63)
Operand Data Areas
S: First word of 16 word source set

Ladder Symbols

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR
LINE(63)

@LINE(63)

S

S

C

C

D

D

C: Column bit designator (BCD)

Limitations

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR, #
D: Destination word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR

S and S+15 must be in the same data area.
C must be between #0000 and #0015.

Description

When the execution condition is OFF, LINE(63) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, LINE(63) copies bit column C from the 16-word set (S to
S+15) to the 16 bits of word D (00 to 15).
C

Bit
15

Bit
00

S
S+1
S+2
S+3
.
.
.

0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1

S+15

0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0

1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1
0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1
1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1

.
.
.

.
.
.

.
.
.
Bit
15

D

Flags

ER:

0

Bit
00

. . .

0 1 1 1

The column bit designator C is not BCD, or it is specifying a non-existent
bit (i.e., bit specification must be between 00 and 15).
Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of ∗DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)

EQ:
Example

ON when the content of D is zero; otherwise OFF.

The following example shows how to use LINE(63) to move bit column 07 from
the set (IR 100 to IR 115) to DM 0100.

00000
LINE(63)
100
#0007

Address
00000
00001

Instruction

Operands

LD
LINE(63)

00000

DM 0100

#
DM

200

100
0007
0100

Section 5-18

Data Conversion

5-18-14 LINE TO COLUMN – COLM(64)
Operand Data Areas
S: Source word

Ladder Symbols

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR
COLM(64)

@COLM(64)

S

S

D

D

C

C

D: First word of the destination set

Limitations

IR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR
C: Column bit designator (BCD)
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR, #

D and D+15 must be in the same data area.
C must be between #0000 and #0015.

Description

When the execution condition is OFF, COLM(64) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, COLM(64) copies the 16 bits of word S (00 to 15) to the
column of bits, C, of the 16-word set (D to D+15).
Bit
15

S

Bit
00

.

0

.

.

.

.

.

ER:

0 1 1 1

C

Bit
15

Flags

.

Bit
00

D
D+1
D+2
D+3
.
.
.

0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1

D+15

0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0

1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1
0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1
1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1

.
.
.

.
.
.

.
.
.

The bit designator C is not BCD, or it is specifying a non-existent bit (i.e.,
bit specification must be between 00 and 15).
Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of ∗DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)

EQ:
Example

ON when the content of S is zero; otherwise OFF.

The following example shows how to use COLM(64) to move the contents of
word DM 0100 (00 to 15) to bit column 15 of the set (DM 0200 to DM 0215).

00000
COLM(64)
DM 0100
DM 0200
#0015

Address

Instruction

00000
00001

LD
COLM(64)

Operands
00000
DM
DM
#

0100
0200
0015

201

Section 5-18

Data Conversion

5-18-15 2’S COMPLEMENT – NEG(––)
Ladder Symbols

Description

Operand Data Areas

NEG(––)

@NEG(––)

S: Source word

S

S

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR, #

R

R

R: Result word

---

---

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR

Converts the four-digit hexadecimal content of the source word (S) to its 2’s
complement and outputs the result to the result word (R). This operation is effectively the same as subtracting S from 0000 and outputting the result to R.
If the content of S is 0000, the content of R will also be 0000 after execution, and
EQ (SR 25506) will be turned on.
If the content of S is 8000, the content of R will also be 8000 after execution, and
UF (SR 25405) will be turned on.
Note Refer to page 29 for details on 16-bit signed binary data.

Flags

Example

ER:

Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of ∗DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)

EQ:

ON when the content of S is 0000; otherwise OFF.

UF:

ON when the content of S is 8000; otherwise OFF.

The following example shows how to use NEG(––) to find the 2’s complement of
the hexadecimal value 001F and output the result to DM 0020.
00000
NEG(––)
#001F
DM 0020

Address
00000
00001

Instruction
LD
NEG(––)

#0000
#001F

#FFE1

202

00000
#
DM

---

–

Operands

Output to DM 0020.

001F
0020

Section 5-18

Data Conversion

5-18-16 DOUBLE 2’S COMPLEMENT – NEGL(––)

Ladder Symbols

Operand Data Areas

NEGL(––)

@NEGL(––)

S: First source word

S

S

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR

R

R

R: First result word

---

---

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR

Limitations

S and S+1 must be in the same data area, as must R and R+1.

Description

Converts the eight-digit hexadecimal content of the source words (S and S+1) to
its 2’s complement and outputs the result to the result words (R and R+1). This
operation is effectively the same as subtracting the eight-digit content S and S+1
from $0000 0000 and outputting the result to R and R+1.
If the content of S is 0000 0000, the content of R will also be 0000 0000 after
execution and EQ (SR 25506) will be turned on.
If the content of S is 8000 0000, the content of R will also be 8000 0000 after
execution and UF (SR 25405) will be turned on.
Note Refer to page 29 for details on 32-bit signed binary data.

Flags

Example

ER:

Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of ∗DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)

EQ:

ON when the content of S+1, S is 0000 0000; otherwise OFF.

UF:

ON when the content of S+1, S is 8000 0000; otherwise OFF.

The following example shows how to use NEGL(––) to find the 2’s complement
of the hexadecimal value in LR 21, LR 20 (001F FFFF) and output the result to
DM 0021, DM 0020.
00000
NEG(––)
LR20
DM 0020

Address

Instruction

00000
00001

LD
NEGL(––)

00000
LR
DM

---

0000
S+1: LR 21

–

Operands

001F
R+1: DM 0021
FFE0

20
0020

0000
S: LR 20
FFFF
R: DM 0020
0001

203

Section 5-19

BCD Calculations

5-19 BCD Calculations
The BCD calculation instructions – INC(38), DEC(39), ADD(30), ADDL(54),
SUB(31), SUBL(55), MUL(32), MULL(56), DIV(33), DIVL(57), FDIV(79), and
ROOT(72) – all perform arithmetic operations on BCD data.
For INC(38) and DEC(39) the source and result words are the same. That is, the
content of the source word is overwritten with the instruction result. All other instructions change only the content of the words in which results are placed, i.e.,
the contents of source words are the same before and after execution of any of
the other BCD calculation instructions.
STC(40) and CLC(41), which set and clear the carry flag, are included in this
group because most of the BCD operations make use of the Carry Flag (CY) in
their results. Binary calculations and shift operations also use CY.
The addition and subtraction instructions include CY in the calculation as well as
in the result. Be sure to clear CY if its previous status is not required in the calculation, and to use the result placed in CY, if required, before it is changed by execution of any other instruction.

5-19-1 INCREMENT – INC(38)
Ladder Symbols

Operand Data Areas

INC(38)

@INC(38)

Wd

Wd

Wd: Increment word (BCD)
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR

Description

When the execution condition is OFF, INC(38) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, INC(38) increments Wd, without affecting Carry (CY).

Flags

ER:

Wd is not BCD
Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of ∗DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)

EQ:

ON when the incremented result is 0.

5-19-2 DECREMENT – DEC(39)
Ladder Symbols

Operand Data Areas

DEC(39)

@DEC(39)

Wd

Wd

Wd: Decrement word (BCD)
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR

Description

When the execution condition is OFF, DEC(39) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, DEC(39) decrements Wd, without affecting CY. DEC(39)
works the same way as INC(38) except that it decrements the value instead of
incrementing it.

Flags

ER:

Wd is not BCD
Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of ∗DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)

EQ:

204

ON when the decremented result is 0.

Section 5-19

BCD Calculations

5-19-3 SET CARRY – STC(40)
Ladder Symbols
STC(40)

@STC(40)

When the execution condition is OFF, STC(40) is not executed.When the execution condition is ON, STC(40) turns ON CY (SR 25504).
Note Refer to Appendix C Error and Arithmetic Flag Operation for a table listing the
instructions that affect CY.

5-19-4 CLEAR CARRY – CLC(41)
Ladder Symbols
CLC(41)

@CLC(41)

When the execution condition is OFF, CLC(41) is not executed.When the execution condition is ON, CLC(41) turns OFF CY (SR 25504).
CLEAR CARRY is used to reset (turn OFF) CY (SR 25504) to “0”.
CY is automatically reset to “0” when END(01) is executed at the end of each
cycle.
Note Refer to Appendix C Error and Arithmetic Flag Operation for a table listing the
instructions that affect CY.

5-19-5 BCD ADD – ADD(30)
Operand Data Areas
Au: Augend word (BCD)

Ladder Symbols

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR, #
ADD(30)

@ADD(30)

Au

Au

Ad

Ad

R

R

Ad: Addend word (BCD)

Description

R: Result word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR

When the execution condition is OFF, ADD(30) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, ADD(30) adds the contents of Au, Ad, and CY, and places
the result in R. CY will be set if the result is greater than 9999.

Au + Ad + CY
Flags

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR, #

ER:

CY

R

Au and/or Ad is not BCD.
Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of ∗DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)

CY:

ON when there is a carry in the result.

EQ:

ON when the result is 0.

205

Section 5-19

BCD Calculations
Example

If 00002 is ON, the program represented by the following diagram clears CY with
CLC(41), adds the content of LR 25 to a constant (6103), places the result in DM
0100, and then moves either all zeros or 0001 into DM 0101 depending on the
status of CY (25504). This ensures that any carry from the last digit is preserved
in R+1 so that the entire result can be later handled as eight-digit data.
Address

TR 0
00002
CLC(41)

ADD(30)

00000
00001
00002
00003

Instruction
LR
OUT
CLC(41)
AND(30)

LR 25
#6103
DM 0100
25504
MOV(21)

00004
00005

25504
MOV(21)

00006
00007
00008

TR

LD
AND NOT
MOV(21)

#0000
DM 0101

00002
0

LR
#
DM

25
6103
0100
25504

#
DM
TR

0001
0101
0
25504

#
DM

0000
0101

AND
MOV(21)

#0001
DM 0101

Operands

Although two ADD(30) can be used together to perform eight-digit BCD addition,
ADDL(54) is designed specifically for this purpose.

5-19-6 DOUBLE BCD ADD – ADDL(54)
Operand Data Areas
Au: First augend word (BCD)

Ladder Symbols

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR
ADDL(54)

@ADDL(54)

Au

Au

Ad

Ad

R

R

Ad: First addend word (BCD)
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR
R: First result word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR

Limitations

Each of the following pairs must be in the same data area: Au and Au+1, Ad and
Ad+1, and R and R+1.

Description

When the execution condition is OFF, ADDL(54) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, ADDL(54) adds the contents of CY to the 8-digit value in
Au and Au+1 to the 8-digit value in Ad and Ad+1, and places the result in R and
R+1. CY will be set if the result is greater than 99999999.
Au + 1

Au

Ad + 1

Ad

+
CY

206

CY
R+1

R

Section 5-19

BCD Calculations
Flags

ER:

Au and/or Ad is not BCD.
Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of ∗DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)

Example

CY:

ON when there is a carry in the result.

EQ:

ON when the result is 0.

When 00000 is ON, the following program adds two 12-digit numbers, the first
contained in LR 20 through LR 22 and the second in DM 0012. The result is
placed in LR 10 through HR 13. In the second addition (using ADD(30)), any
carry from the first addition is included. The carry from the second addition is
placed in HR 13 by using @ADB(50) (see 5-20-1 BINARY ADD – ADB(50)) with
two all-zero constants to indirectly place the content of CY into HR 13.

00000

Address

Instruction

00000
00001
00002

LD
CLC(41)
@ADDL(54)

Operands

CLC(41)
@ADDL(54)
LR 20
DM 0010
HR 10
@ADD(30)

00003

DM 0012
HR 12

00004

LR
DM
HR

20
0010
10

LR
DM
HR

22
0012
12

#
#
HR

0000
0000
13

@ADD(30)

LR 22

@ADB(50)

00000

@ADB(50)

#0000
#0000
HR 13

5-19-7 BCD SUBTRACT – SUB(31)
Operand Data Areas
Mi: Minuend word (BCD)

Ladder Symbols

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR, #
SUB(31)

@SUB(31)

Mi

Mi

Su

Su

R

R

Su: Subtrahend word (BCD)

Description

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR, #
R: Result word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR

When the execution condition is OFF, SUB(31) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, SUB(31) subtracts the contents of Su and CY from Mi,
and places the result in R. If the result is negative, CY is set and the 10’s complement of the actual result is placed in R. To convert the 10’s complement to the
true result, subtract the content of R from zero (see example below).

Mi – Su – CY

CY

R

Note The 2’s COMPLEMENT – NEG(––) instruction can be used to convert binary
data only, it cannot be used with BCD data.

207

Section 5-19

BCD Calculations
Flags

ER:

Mi and/or Su is not BCD.
Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of ∗DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)

! Caution

CY:

ON when the result is negative, i.e., when Mi is less than Su plus CY.

EQ:

ON when the result is 0.

Be sure to clear the carry flag with CLC(41) before executing SUB(31) if its previous status is not
required, and check the status of CY after doing a subtraction with SUB(31). If CY is ON as a result
of executing SUB(31) (i.e., if the result is negative), the result is output as the 10’s complement of
the true answer. To convert the output result to the true value, subtract the value in R from 0.

Example

When 00002 is ON, the following ladder program clears CY, subtracts the contents of DM 0100 and CY from the content of 010 and places the result in HR 20.
If CY is set by executing SUB(31), the result in HR 20 is subtracted from zero
(note that CLC(41) is again required to obtain an accurate result), the result is
placed back in HR 20, and HR 2100 is turned ON to indicate a negative result.
If CY is not set by executing SUB(31), the result is positive, the second subtraction is not performed, and HR 2100 is not turned ON. HR 2100 is programmed as
a self-maintaining bit so that a change in the status of CY will not turn it OFF
when the program is recycled.
In this example, differentiated forms of SUB(31) are used so that the subtraction
operation is performed only once each time 00002 is turned ON. When another
subtraction operation is to be performed, 00002 will need to be turned OFF for at
least one cycle (resetting HR 2100) and then turned back ON.

TR 0
00002
CLC(41)

@SUB(31)
010

First
subtraction

Address

Instruction

00000
00001
00002
00003

LD
OUT
CLC(41)
@SUB(31)

Operands
TR

DM 0100

DM
HR

HR 20
25504
CLC(41)

@SUB(31)
#0000

Second
subtraction

00004
00005
00006

AND
CLC(41)
@SUB(31)

HR 20
HR 21
25504
HR 2100

HR 2100

Turned ON to indicate
negative result.

00007
00008
00009
00010

LD
AND
OR
OUT

#
HR
HR
TR
HR
HR

00002
0

010
0100
20
25504

0000
20
20
0
25504
2100
2100

The first and second subtractions for this diagram are shown below using example data for 010 and DM 0100.

208

Section 5-19

BCD Calculations

Note The actual SUB(31) operation involves subtracting Su and CY from 10,000 plus
Mi. For positive results the leftmost digit is truncated. For negative results the
10s complement is obtained. The procedure for establishing the correct answer
is given below.
First Subtraction
IR 010 1029
DM 0100
– 3452
CY
–0
HR 20 7577 (1029 + (10000 – 3452))
CY
1
(negative result)
Second Subtraction
0000
HR 20 –7577
CY
–0
HR 20 2423 (0000 + (10000 – 7577))
CY
1
(negative result)
In the above case, the program would turn ON HR 2100 to indicate that the value
held in HR 20 is negative.

5-19-8 DOUBLE BCD SUBTRACT – SUBL(55)
Operand Data Areas
Mi: First minuend word (BCD)

Ladder Symbols

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR
SUBL(55)

@SUBL(55)

Mi

Mi

Su

Su

R

R

Su: First subtrahend word (BCD)
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR
R: First result word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR

Limitations

Each of the following pairs must be in the same data area: Mi and Mi+1, Su and
Su+1, and R and R+1.

Description

When the execution condition is OFF, SUBL(55) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, SUBL(55) subtracts CY and the 8-digit contents of Su
and Su+1 from the 8-digit value in Mi and Mi+1, and places the result in R and
R+1. If the result is negative, CY is set and the 10’s complement of the actual
result is placed in R. To convert the 10’s complement to the true result, subtract
the content of R from zero. Since an 8-digit constant cannot be directly entered,
use the BSET(71) instruction (see 5-16-3 BLOCK SET – BSET(71)) to create an
8-digit constant.
Mi + 1

Mi

Su + 1

Su

–
CY

CY

R+1

R

Note The DOUBLE 2’s COMPLEMENT – NEGL(––) instruction can be used to convert binary data only, it cannot be used with BCD data.

209

Section 5-19

BCD Calculations
Flags

ER:

Mi, M+1,Su, or Su+1 are not BCD.
Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of ∗DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)

CY:

ON when the result is negative, i.e., when Mi is less than Su.

EQ:

ON when the result is 0.

The following example works much like that for single-word subtraction. In this
example, however, BSET(71) is required to clear the content of DM 0000 and
DM 0001 so that a negative result can be subtracted from 0 (inputting an 8-digit
constant is not possible).
Example

TR 0
00003
CLC(41)

First
subtraction

@SUBL(55)
HR 20
120
DM 0100
25504
@BSET(71)
#0000
DM 0000
DM 0001
CLC(41)

Second
subtraction

@SUBL(55)
DM 0000
DM 0100
DM 0100
25504
HR 2100

HR 2100

Address
00000
00001
00002
00003

Instruction
LD
OUT
CLC(41)
@SUBL(55)

Turned ON to indicate
negative result.

Operands

TR

HR
DM
00004
00005

AND
@BSET(71)
#
DM
DM

210

00003
0

20
120
0100
25504
0000
0000
0001

Address
00006
00007

00008
00009
00010
00011

Instruction

Operands

CLC(41)
@SUBL(55)

LD
AND
OR
OUT

DM
DM
DM
TR
HR
HR

0000
0100
0100
0
25504
2100
2100

Section 5-19

BCD Calculations

5-19-9 BCD MULTIPLY – MUL(32)
Operand Data Areas
Md: Multiplicand (BCD)

Ladder Symbols

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR, #
MUL(32)

@MUL(32)

Md

Md

Mr

Mr

R

R

Mr: Multiplier (BCD)
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR, #
R: First result word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR LR

Limitations

R and R+1 must be in the same data area.

Description

When the execution condition is OFF, MUL(32) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, MUL(32) multiplies Md by the content of Mr, and places
the result In R and R+1.
Md

X
R +1

Example

Mr

R

When IR 00000 is ON with the following program, the contents of IR 013 and DM
0005 are multiplied and the result is placed in HR 07 and HR 08. Example data
and calculations are shown below the program.

00000

Address

MUL(32)

00000
00001

013
DM 0005
HR 07

X
0

Flags

R+1: HR 08
0
0
8

ER:

Instruction

Operands

LD
MUL(32)

00000

DM
HR

3

Md: IR 013
3
5
6

0

Mr: DM 0005
0
2
5

3

R: HR 07
9
0

013
00005
07

0

Md and/or Mr is not BCD.
Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of ∗DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)

CY:

ON when there is a carry in the result.

EQ:

ON when the result is 0.

211

Section 5-19

BCD Calculations

5-19-10 DOUBLE BCD MULTIPLY – MULL(56)
Operand Data Areas
Md: First multiplicand word (BCD)

Ladder Symbols

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR
MULL(56)

@MULL(56)

Md

Md

Mr

Mr

R

R

Mr: First multiplier word (BCD)

Limitations

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR
R: First result word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR LR

Md and Md+1 must be in the same data area, as must Mr and Mr+1.
R and R+3 must be in the same data area.

Description

When the execution condition is OFF, MULL(56) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, MULL(56) multiplies the eight-digit content of Md and
Md+1 by the content of Mr and Mr+1, and places the result in R to R+3.

x
R+3

Flags

ER:

R+2

Md + 1

Md

Mr + 1

Mr

R+1

R

Md, Md+1,Mr, or Mr+1 is not BCD.
Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of ∗DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)

CY:

ON when there is a carry in the result.

EQ:

ON when the result is 0.

5-19-11 BCD DIVIDE – DIV(33)
Operand Data Areas
Ladder Symbol

Dd: Dividend word (BCD)
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR, #

DIV(33)
Dr: Divisor word (BCD)
Dd
Dr
R

Limitations

212

R and R+1 must be in the same data area.

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR, #
R: First result word (BCD)
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR

Section 5-19

BCD Calculations
Description

When the execution condition is OFF, DIV(33) is not executed and the program
moves to the next instruction. When the execution condition is ON, Dd is divided
by Dr and the result is placed in R and R + 1: the quotient in R and the remainder
in R + 1.
Remainder

Quotient

R+1

R

Dr

Flags

ER:

Dd

Dd or Dr is not in BCD.
Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of ∗DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)

EQ:
Example

ON when the result is 0.

When IR 00000 is ON with the following program, the content of IR 020 is divided
by the content of HR 09 and the result is placed in DM 0017 and DM 0018. Example data and calculations are shown below the program.

00000

Address
DIV(33)
020

00000
00001

Instruction

Operands

LD
DIV(33)

00000

HR 09
DM 0017

Quotient

1

0

R: DM 0017
1
5
0

Dd: HR 09
0
0
3

3

Remainder

HR
DM

020
09
0017

R + 1: DM 0018
0
0
0
2

Dd: IR 020
4
5
2

5-19-12 DOUBLE BCD DIVIDE – DIVL(57)
Operand Data Areas
Dd: First dividend word (BCD)

Ladder Symbols

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR
DIVL(57)

@DIVL(57)

Dd

Dd

Dr

Dr

R

R

Dr: First divisor word (BCD)

Limitations

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR
R: First result word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR

Dd and Dd+1 must be in the same data area, as must Dr and Dr+1.
R and R+3 must be in the same data area.

213

Section 5-19

BCD Calculations
Description

When the execution condition is OFF, DIVL(57) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, DIVL(57) the eight-digit content of Dd and D+1 is divided
by the content of Dr and Dr+1 and the result is placed in R to R+3: the quotient in
R and R+1, the remainder in R+2 and R+3.
Remainder
R+3

R+2

Dr+1

Flags

ER:

Dr

Quotient
R+1

R

Dd+1

Dd

Dr and Dr+1 contain 0.
Dd, Dd+1, Dr, or Dr+1 is not BCD.
Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of *DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)

EQ:

ON when the result is 0.

5-19-13 FLOATING POINT DIVIDE – FDIV(79)
Operand Data Areas
Dd: First dividend word (BCD)

Ladder Symbols

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR
FDIV(79)

@FDIV(79)

Dd

Dd

Dr

Dr

R

R

Dr: First divisor word (BCD)

Limitations

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR
R: First result word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR

Dr and Dr+1 cannot contain zero. Dr and Dr+1 must be in the same data area, as
must Dd and Dd+1; R and R+1.
The dividend and divisor must be between 0.0000001 x 10–7 and
0.9999999 x 107. The results must be between 0.1 x 10–7 and 0.9999999 x 107.

Description

When the execution condition is OFF, FDIV(79) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, FDIV(79) divides the floating-point value in Dd and Dd+1
by that in Dr and Dr+1 and places the result in R and R+1.
Quotient

Dr+1

214

Dr

R+1

R

Dd+1

Dd

Section 5-19

BCD Calculations

To represent the floating point values, the rightmost seven digits are used for the
mantissa and the leftmost digit is used for the exponent, as shown below. The
mantissa is expressed as a value less than one, i.e., to seven decimal places.
First word
15 14 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 05 04 03 02 01 00
1

0

1

0

0

0

0

1

0

exponent (0 to 7)
sign of exponent

0

0

1

0

0

0

1

mantissa (leftmost 3 digits)
0: +
1: –

Second word
15 14 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 05 04 03 02 01 00
0

0

0

1

0

0

0

1

0

0

0

1

0

0

0

1

mantissa (leftmost 4 digits)

= 0.1111111 x 10–2
Flags

ER:

Dr and Dr+1 contain 0.
Dd, Dd+1, Dr, or Dr+1 is not BCD.
The result is not between 0.1 x 10–7 and 0.999999 x 107.
Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of *DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)

EQ:
Example

ON when the result is 0.

The following example shows how to divide two whole four-digit numbers (i.e.,
numbers without fractions) so that a floating-point value can be obtained.
First the original numbers must be placed in floating-point form. Because the
numbers are originally without decimal points, the exponent will be 4 (e.g., 3452
would equal 0.3452 x 104). All of the moves are to place the proper data into consecutive words for the final division, including the exponent and zeros. Data
movements for Dd and Dd+1 are shown at the right below. Movements for Dr
and Dr+1 are basically the same.The original values to be divided are in DM
0000 and DM 0001. The final division is also shown.

215

Section 5-19

BCD Calculations
00000
@MOV(21)

HR 01

#0000

HR 00
0 0

0

0

HR 00
@MOV(21)

0000

#0000
HR 02
@MOV(21)

HR 01
4 0 0 0

#4000

HR 00
0 0

0

0

HR 01
@MOV(21)

4000

#4000
HR 03

DM 0000
3 4 5 2

@MOVD(83)
DM 0000
#0021

HR 01
4 3 4 5

HR 01

@MOVD(83)

0

HR 00
0 0

0

DM 0000
3 4 5 2

DM 0000
#0300
HR 00

@MOVD(83)

HR 01
4 3 4 5

2

HR 00
0 0

0

HR 01
4 3 4 5

2

HR 00
0 0

0

HR 03
4 0 0 7

9

HR 02
0 0

0

DM 0003
2 4 3 6

9

DM 0002
6 2 0

DM 0001
#0021
HR 03

@MOVD(83)
DM 0001
#0300
HR 02

÷

@FDIV(79)
HR 00
HR 02

0.4369620 x 102

DM 0002

Address

Instruction

00000
00001

LD
@MOV(21)

00002

00003

00004

00005

216

Operands
00000
#
HR

0000
00

#
HR

0000
02

#
HR

4000
01

#
HR

4000
03

DM
#
HR

0000
0021
01

@MOV(21)

Address

Instruction

00006

@MOVD(83)

00007

00009

0000
0300
00

DM
#
HR

0001
0021
03

DM
#
HR

0001
0300
02

HR
HR
DM

00
02
0002

@MOVD(83)

@MOV(21)

@MOVD(83)

DM
#
HR
@MOVD(83)

@MOV(21)
00008

Operands

@FDIV(79)

Section 5-19

BCD Calculations

5-19-14 SQUARE ROOT – ROOT(72)
Ladder Symbols

Operand Data Areas
Sq: First source word (BCD)

ROOT(72)

@ROOT(72)

Sq

Sq

R

R

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR
R: Result word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR,

Limitations

Sq and Sq+1 must be in the same data area.

Description

When the execution condition is OFF, ROOT(72) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, ROOT(72) computes the square root of the eight-digit
content of Sq and Sq+1 and places the result in R. The fractional portion is truncated.
R

Sq+1

Flags

ER:

Sq

Sq is not BCD.
Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of ∗DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)

EQ:
Example

ON when the result is 0.

The following example shows how to take the square root of a four-digit number
and then round the result.
First the words to be used are cleared to all zeros and then the value whose
square root is to be taken is moved to Sq+1. The result, which has twice the number of digits required for the answer (because the number of digits in the original
value was doubled), is placed in DM 0102, and the digits are split into two different words, the leftmost two digits to IR 011 for the answer and the rightmost two
digits to DM 0103 so that the answer in IR 011 can be rounded up if required. The
last step is to compare the value in DM 0103 so that IR 011 can be incremented
using the Greater Than flag.

217

Section 5-19

BCD Calculations

In this example, √6017 = 77.56, and 77.56 is rounded off to 78.
00000
@BSET(71)

DM 0101
0 0 0

#0000

0

0

DM 0100
0 0 0

DM 0100
DM 0101

0000
010
6 0 1

@MOV(21)
010

0000
7

DM 0101

DM 0101
6 0 1 7

@ROOT(72)

0

DM 0100
0 0 0

DM 0100

60170000= 7756.932

DM 0102
@MOV(21)
#0000

DM 0103
0 0 0

011

0

0

IR 011
0 0

0

@MOV(21)

0000

#0000

0000

DM 0103
@MOVD(83)

DM 0102
7 7 5 6

DM 0102
#0012
011

@MOVD(83)

0 0

DM 0102

IR 011
7 7

5

DM 0103
6 0 0

#0210
DM 0103

@CMP(20)

5600 > 4900

DM 0103
#4900
25505
@INC(38)

0 0

011

Address

Instruction

00000
00001

LD
@BSET(71)

00002

00003

00004

00005

Operands
00000
#
DM
DM

0000
0100
0101

DM

010
0101

DM
DM

0100
0102

#

0000
011

00006

00007

Instruction

@ROOT(72)

00008

@MOV(21)

@MOV(21)
0000
0103

00009
00010

Operands

@MOVD(83)
DM
#

0102
0012
011

DM
#
DM

0102
0210
0103

DM
#
25505

0103
4900

@MOVD(83)

@MOV(21)

#
DM

218

Address

IR 011
7 8

@CMP(20)

LD
@INC(38)

011

Section 5-20

Binary Calculations

5-20 Binary Calculations
Binary calculation instructions — ADB(50), SBB(51), MLB(52), DVB(53),
ADBL(––), SBBL(––), MBS(––), MBSL(––), DBS(––), and DBSL(––) — perform
arithmetic operations on hexadecimal data.
Four of these instructions (ADB(50), SBB(51), ADBL(––), and SBBL(––)) can
act on both normal and signed data, two (MLB(52) and DVB(53)) act only on normal data, and four (MBS(––), MBSL(––), DBS(––), and DBSL(––)) act only on
signed binary data.
The addition and subtraction instructions include CY in the calculation as well as
in the result. Be sure to clear CY if its previous status is not required in the calculation, and to use the result placed in CY, if required, before it is changed by the
execution of any other instruction. STC(40) and CLC(41) can be used to control
CY. Refer to 5-19 BCD Calculations.
Signed binary addition and subtraction instructions use the underflow and overflow flags (UF and OF) to indicate whether the result exceeds the acceptable
range for 16-bit or 32-bit signed binary data. Refer to page 29 for details on
signed binary data.

5-20-1 BINARY ADD – ADB(50)
Operand Data Areas
Au: Augend word (binary)

Ladder Symbols

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR, #
ADB(50)

@ADB(50)

Au

Au

Ad

Ad

R

R

Ad: Addend word (binary)

Description

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR, #
R: Result word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR

When the execution condition is OFF, ADB(50) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, ADB(50) adds the contents of Au, Ad, and CY, and
places the result in R. CY will be set if the result is greater than FFFF.

Au + Ad + CY

CY

R

ADB(50) can also be used to add signed binary data. The underflow and overflow flags (SR 25404 and SR 25405) indicate whether the result has exceeded
the lower or upper limits of the 16-bit signed binary data range. Refer to page 29
for details on signed binary data.
Flags

ER:

Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of :DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)

CY:

ON when the result is greater than FFFF.

EQ:

ON when the result is 0.

OF:

ON when the result exceeds +32,767 (7FFF).

UF:

ON when the result is below –32,768 (8000).

219

Section 5-20

Binary Calculations
Example 1:
Adding Normal Data

The following example shows a four-digit addition with CY used to place either
#0000 or #0001 into R+1 to ensure that any carry is preserved.

Address

TR 0
00000

00000
00001
00002
00003

CLC(41)

ADB(50)

Instruction
LD
OUT
CLC(41)
ADB(50)

Operands
TR

010
DM 0100
HR 10

DM
HR

=R

25504

00004
00005

MOV(21)
#0000
HR 11

AND NOT
MOV(21)

= R+1

25504
MOV(21)
#0001
HR 11

= R+1

00006
00007
00008

LD
AND
MOV(21)

00000
0

010
0100
10
25504

#
HR
TR

0000
11
0
25504

#
HR

00001
11

In the case below, A6E2 + 80C5 = 127A7. The result is a 5-digit number, so CY
(SR 25504) = 1, and the content of R + 1 becomes #0001.

+
0

R+1: HR 11
0
0
1

A

Au: IR 010
6
E
2

8

Ad: DM 0100
0
C
5

2

R: HR 10
7
A

7

Note The UF and OF flags would also be turned ON during this addition, but they can
be ignored since they are relevant only in the addition of signed binary data.
Example 2:
Adding Signed Binary Data

In the following example, ADB(50) is used to add two 16-bit signed binary values. (The 2’s complement is used to express negative values.)
The effective range for 16-bit signed binary values is –32,767 (8000) to +32,768
(7FFF). The overflow flag (OF: SR 25404) is turned ON if the result exceeds
+32,768 (7FFF) and the underflow flag (UF: SR 25405) is turned ON if the result
falls below –32,767 (8000).

Address

00000
CLC(41)

ADB(50)
LR 20
DM 0010
DM 0020

220

00000
00001
00002

Instruction

Operands

LD
CLC(41)
ADB(50)

00000

LR
DM
DM

20
0010
0020

Section 5-20

Binary Calculations

In the case below, 25,321 +(–13,253) = 12,068 (62E9 + CC3B = 2F24). Neither
OF nor UF are turned ON.

6

+

Au: LR 20
2
E
9

Ad: DM 0010
C
C
3
B

2

Ad: DM 0010
F
2
4

Note The status of the CY flag can be ignored when adding signed binary data since it
is relevant only in the addition of normal hexadecimal values.

5-20-2 BINARY SUBTRACT – SBB(51)
Operand Data Areas
Mi: Minuend word (binary)

Ladder Symbols

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR, #
SBB(51)

@SBB(51)

Mi

Mi

Su

Su

R

R

Su: Subtrahend word (binary)

Description

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR, #
R: Result word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR

When the execution condition is OFF, SBB(51) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, SBB(51) subtracts the contents of Su and CY from Mi
and places the result in R. If the result is negative, CY is set and the 2’s complement of the actual result is placed in R.

Mi – Su – CY

CY

R

SBB(51) can also be used to subtract signed binary data. The overflow and underflow flags (SR 25404 and SR 25405) indicate whether the result has exceeded the lower or upper limits of the 16-bit signed binary data range. Refer to page
29 for details on signed binary data.
Flags

ER:

Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of :DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)

CY:

ON when the result is negative, i.e., when Mi is less than Su plus CY.

EQ:

ON when the result is 0.

OF:

ON when the result exceeds +32,767 (7FFF).

UF:

ON when the result is below –32,768 (8000).

221

Section 5-20

Binary Calculations
Example 1: Normal Data

The following example shows a four-digit subtraction with CY used to place either #0000 or #0001 into R+1 to ensure that any carry is preserved.
Address

TR 1
00001

00000
00001
00002
00003

CLC(41)

SBB(51)

Instruction
LD
OUT
CLC(41)
SBB(51)

Operands
TR

001
LR20
HR 21

LR
HR

=R

25504

00004
00005

MOV(21)
#0000
HR 22

AND NOT
MOV(21)

= R+1

25504
MOV(21)
#0001
HR 22

= R+1

00006
00007
00008

LD
AND
MOV(21)

NEG(––)
HR21

00009

00001
1

001
20
21
25504

#
HR
TR

0000
22
1
25504

#
HR

0001
22

HR
HR

21
21

NEG(––)

HR 21

In the case below, the content of LR 20 (#7A03) and CY are subtracted from
IR 001 (#F8C5). The result is stored in HR 21 and the content of HR 22 (#0000)
indicates that the result is positive.
If the result had been negative, CY would have been set, #0001 would have
been placed in HR 22, and the result would have been converted to its 2’s compliment.

0

F

Mi: IR 001
8
C
5

–

7

Su: LR 20
A
0
3

–

0

R+1: HR 22
0
0
0

7

0

0

R: HR 21
E
C

CY = 0
(from CLC(41))

0

2

Note The status of the UF and OF flags can be ignored since they are relevant only in
the subtraction of signed binary data.

222

Section 5-20

Binary Calculations
Example 2:
Signed Binary Data

In the following example, SBB(51) is used to subtract one 16-bit signed binary
value from another. (The 2’s complement is used to express negative values).
The effective range for 16-bit signed binary values is –32,768 (8000) to +32,767
(7FFF). The overflow flag (OF: SR 25404) is turned ON if the result exceeds
+32,767 (7FFF) and the underflow flag (UF: SR 25405) is turned ON if the result
falls below –32,768 (8000).

Address

00000
CLC(41)

Instruction

00000
00001
00002

SBB(51)

Operands

LD
CLC(41)
SBB(51)

LR 20

00000

LR
DM
DM

DM 0010
DM 0020

20
0010
0020

In the case shown below, 30,020 – (–15,238) = 45,258 (7544 – C47A =
60CA).The OF flag would be turned ON to indicate that this result exceeds the
upper limit of the 16-bit signed binary data range. (In other words, the result is a
positive value that exceeds 32,767 (7FFF), not a negative number expressed as
signed binary data.)

7

–

Mi: LR 20
5
4

4

Su: DM 0010
C
4
7
A

B

R: DM 0020
0
C
A

In the case shown below, –30,000 – 3,000 = –33,000 (8AD0 – 0BB8 = 7F18).The
UF flag would be turned ON to indicate that this result is below the lower limit of
16-bit signed binary data range. (In other words, the result is a negative number
below –32,768 (8000), not a positive number expressed as signed binary data.)

8

–

Mi: LR 20
A
D

0

0

Su: DM 0010
B
B
8

7

R: DM 0020
F
1
8

The absolute value of the true result (80E8=33,000) can be obtained by taking
the 2’s complement of 7F18 using NEG(––).
Note The status of the CY flag can be ignored when adding signed binary data since it
is relevant only in the addition of normal hexadecimal values.

223

Section 5-20

Binary Calculations

5-20-3 BINARY MULTIPLY – MLB(52)
Operand Data Areas
Md: Multiplicand word (binary)

Ladder Symbols

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR, #
MLB(52)

@MLB(52)

Md

Md

Mr

Mr

R

R

Mr: Multiplier word (binary)
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR, #
R: First result word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR LR

Limitations

R and R+1 must be in the same data area.

Description

When the execution condition is OFF, MLB(52) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, MLB(52) multiplies the content of Md by the contents of
Mr, places the rightmost four digits of the result in R, and places the leftmost four
digits in R+1.
Md

X

Mr

R +1

R

Precautions

MLB(52) cannot be used to multiply signed binary data. Use MBS(––) instead.
Refer to 5-20-7 SIGNED BINARY MULTIPLY – MBS(––) for details.

Flags

ER:

Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of :DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)

EQ:

ON when the result is 0.

5-20-4 BINARY DIVIDE – DVB(53)
Operand Data Areas
Dd: Dividend word (binary)

Ladder Symbols

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR, #
DVB(53)

@DVB(53)

Dd

Dd

Dr

Dr

R

R

Dr: Divisor word (binary)

Description

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR, #
R: First result word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR LR

When the execution condition is OFF, DVB(53) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, DVB(53) divides the content of Dd by the content of Dr
and the result is placed in R and R+1: the quotient in R, the remainder in R+1.
Quotient
R

Dr

224

Dd

Remainder
R+1

Section 5-20

Binary Calculations
Precautions

DVB(53) cannot be used to divide signed binary data. Use DBS(––) instead. Refer to 5-20-9 SIGNED BINARY DIVIDE – DBS(––) for details.

Flags

ER:

Dr contains 0.
Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of :DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)

EQ:

ON when the result is 0.

Example
Address

00000
DVB(53)

00000
00001

001

Instruction

Operands

LD
DVB(53)

00000

LR 20

LR
HR

HR 05


R+1: HR 06
0
0
2

0

Remainder (2)

1

Dd: IR 001
0
F
7

0

Dr: LR 20
0
0

3

0

R: HR 05
5
A

7

001
0020
05

Quotient (1447)

5-20-5 DOUBLE BINARY ADD – ADBL(––)
Operand Data Areas
Au: First augend word (binary)

Ladder Symbols

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR
ADBL(––)

@ADBL(––)

Au

Au

Ad

Ad

R

R

Ad: First addend word (binary)
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR
R: First result word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR

Limitations

Au and Au+1 must be in the same data area, as must Ad and Ad+1, and R and
R+1.

Description

When the execution condition is OFF, ADBL(––) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, ADBL(––)) adds the eight-digit contents of Au+1 and
Au, the eight-digit contents of Ad+1 and Ad, and CY, and places the result in R.
CY will be set if the result is greater than FFFF FFFF.
Au + 1

Au

Ad + 1

Ad

+
CY

CY

R+1

R

225

Section 5-20

Binary Calculations

ADBL(––) can also be used to add signed binary data. The underflow and overflow flags (SR 25404 and SR 25405) indicate whether the result has exceeded
the lower or upper limits of the 32-bit signed binary data range. Refer to page 29
for details on signed binary data.
Flags

Example 1: Normal Data

ER:

Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of :DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)

CY:

ON when the result is greater than FFFF FFFF.

EQ:

ON when the result is 0.

OF:

ON when the result exceeds +2,147,483,647 (7FFF FFFF).

UF:

ON when the result is below –2,147,483,648 (8000 0000).

The following example shows an eight-digit addition with CY (SR 25504) used to
represent the status of the 9th digit.
Address

00000
CLC(41)

ADBL(––)

00000
00001
00002

Instruction

Operands

LD
CLC(41)
ADBL(––)

00000

000
DM 0020

DM
LR

LR 21

000
0020
21

14020187 + 00A3F8C5 = 14A5FA4C
Au + 1 : 001
1 4 0 2

Au : 000
0 1 8

Ad + 1 : DM 0021

Ad : DM 0020
F 8 C 5

0

0

A

3

7

0

+
R + 1 : LR 22
1 4 A 5

R : LR 21
F A 4

CY (Cleared with CLC(41))

C
0

CY (No carry)

Note The status of the UF and OF flags can be ignored since they are relevant only in
the addition of signed binary data.
Example 2:
Signed Binary Data

In the following example, ADBL(––) is used to add two 32-bit signed binary values and output the 32-bit signed binary result to R and R+1. (The 2’s complement is used to express negative values).
The effective range for 32-bit signed binary values is –2,147,483,648
(8000 0000) to +2,147,483,647 (7FFF FFFF). The overflow flag (OF: SR 25404)
is turned ON if the result exceeds +2,147,483,647 (7FFF FFFF) and the underflow flag (UF: SR 25405) is turned ON if the result falls below –2,147,483,648
(8000 0000).
Address

00000
CLC(41)

ADBL(––)
LR 20
DM 0010
DM 0020

226

00000
00001
00002

Instruction

Operands

LD
CLC(41)
ADBL(––)

00000

LR
DM
DM

20
0010
0020

Section 5-20

Binary Calculations

In the case below, 1,799,100,099 + (–282,751,929) = 1,516,348,100
(6B3C167D + EF258C47 = 5A61A2C4). Neither OF nor UF are turned ON.
Au + 1 : LR 21
6 B 3 C

Au : LR 20
1 6 7

Ad + 1 : DM 0011

Ad : DM 0010
8 C 4 7

E

F

2

5

+

D

0
R + 1 : DM 0021
5 A 6 1

CY (Cleared with CLC(41))

R : DM 0020
A 2 C 4
0

UF (SR 25405)

0

OF (SR 25404)

Note The status of the CY flag can be ignored when adding signed binary data since it
is relevant only in the addition of normal hexadecimal values.

5-20-6 DOUBLE BINARY SUBTRACT – SBBL(––)
Operand Data Areas
Mi: First minuend word (binary)

Ladder Symbols

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR
SBBL(––)

@SBBL(––)

Mi

Mi

Su

Su

R

R

Su: First subtrahend word (binary)
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR
R: First result word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR

Limitations

Mi and Mi+1 must be in the same data area, as must Su and Su+1, and R and
R+1.

Description

When the execution condition is OFF, SBBL(––) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, SBBL(––) subtracts CY and the eight-digit value in Su
and Su+1 from the eight-digit value in Mi and Mi+1, and places the result in R and
R+1. If the result is negative, CY is set and the 2’s complement of the actual result is placed in R+1 and R. Use the DOUBLE 2’s COMPLEMENT instructions to
convert the 2’s complement to the true result.
Mi + 1

Mi

Su + 1

Su

–
CY

CY

R+1

R

SBBL(––) can also be used to subtract signed binary data. The underflow and
overflow flags (SR 25404 and SR 25405) indicate whether the result has exceeded the lower or upper limits of the 32-bit signed binary data range. Refer to
page 29 for details on signed binary data.

227

Section 5-20

Binary Calculations
Flags

Example 1: Normal Data

ER:

Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of :DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)

CY:

ON when the result is negative, i.e., when Mi is less than Su plus CY.

EQ:

ON when the result is 0.

OF:

ON when the result exceeds +2,147,483,647 (7FFF FFFF).

UF:

ON when the result is below –2,147,483,648 (8000 0000).

In this example, the eight-digit number in IR 002 and IR 001 is subtracted from
the eight-digit number in DM 0021 and DM 0020, and the result is output to LR 22
and LR 21. If the result is negative, CY (SR 25504) is turned ON.
Address

00000
CLC(41)

SBBL(––)

00000
00001
00002

Instruction

Operands

LD
CLC(41)
SBBL(––)

00000

001
DM 0020

DM
LR

LR 21

001
0020
21

14020187 + 00A3F8C5 = 14A5FA4C
Au + 1 : 002
1 4 0 2

Au : 001
0 1 8

Ad + 1 : DM 0021

Ad : DM 0020
F 8 C 5

0

0

A

3

–

7

0
R + 1 : LR 22
1 3 5 E

R : LR 21
0 8 C

CY (Cleared with CLC(41))

2
0

CY (No carry)

Note The status of the UF and OF flags can be ignored since they are relevant only in
the subtraction of signed binary data.
Example 2:
Signed Binary Data

In the following example, SBBL(––) is used to subtract one 32-bit signed binary
value from another and output the 32-bit signed binary result to R and R+1.
The effective range for 32-bit signed binary values is –2,147,483,648
(8000 0000) to +2,147,483,647 (7FFF FFFF). The overflow flag (OF: SR 25404)
is turned ON if the result exceeds +2,147,483,647 (7FFF FFFF) and the underflow flag (UF: SR 25405) is turned ON is the result falls below –2,147,483,648
(8000 0000).
Address

00000
CLC(41)

SBBL(––)

00000
00001
00002

Instruction

Operands

LD
CLC(41)
SBBL(––)

00000

001
DM 0020
LR 21

228

DM
LR

001
0020
21

Section 5-20

Binary Calculations

In the case below, 1,799,100,099 – (–282,751,929) = 2,081,851,958
(6B3C 167D – {EF25 8C47 – 1 0000 0000} = 7C16 8A36). Neither OF nor UF
are turned ON.

–
–

Au + 1 : 001
6 B 3 C

Au : 000
1 6 7

Ad + 1 : DM 0021

Ad : DM 0020
8 C 4 7

E

F

2

5

D

0
R + 1 : LR 22
7 C 1 6

R : LR 21
8 A 3

CY (Cleared with CLC(41))

6
0

UF (SR 25405)

0

OF (SR 25404)

Note The status of the CY flag can be ignored when adding signed binary data since it
is relevant only in the addition of normal hexadecimal values.

5-20-7 SIGNED BINARY MULTIPLY – MBS(––)
Operand Data Areas
Md: Multiplicand word

Ladder Symbols

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR, #
MBS(––)

@MBS(––)

Md

Md

Mr

Mr

R

R

Mr: Multiplier word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR, #
R: First result word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR LR

Limitations

R and R+1 must be in the same data area.

Description

MBS(––) multiplies the signed binary content of two words and outputs the
8-digit signed binary result to R+1 and R. The rightmost four digits of the result
are placed in R, and the leftmost four digits are placed in R+1. Refer to page 29
for details on signed binary data.
Md

X
R +1

Flags

Mr

R

ER:

Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of :DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)

EQ:

ON when the result is 0000 0000, otherwise OFF.

229

Section 5-20

Binary Calculations
Example

In the following example, MBS(––) is used to multiply the signed binary contents
of IR 001 with the signed binary contents of DM 0020 and output the result to
LR 21 and LR 22.
Address

00000
MBS(––)

00000
00001

001

Instruction

Operands

LD
MBS(––)

00000

DM 0020

DM
LR

LR 21

X
F

R+1: LR 22
F
A
A

1

Md: IR 100
5
B
1

(5,553)

F

Mr: DM 0020
C
1
3

(–1,005)

D

R: LR 21
8
2

3

001
0020
21

(–5,580,765)

5-20-8 DOUBLE SIGNED BINARY MULTIPLY – MBSL(––)
Operand Data Areas
Md: First multiplicand word

Ladder Symbols

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR
MBSL(––)

@MBSL(––)

Md

Md

Mr

Mr

R

R

Mr: First multiplier word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR
R: First result word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR LR

Limitations

Md and Md+1 must be in the same data area, as must Mr and Mr+1, and R and
R+3.

Description

MBSL(––) multiplies the 32-bit (8-digit) signed binary data in Md+1 and Md with
the 32-bit signed binary data in Mr+1 and Mr, and outputs the 16-digit signed
binary result to R+3 through R. Refer to page 29 for details on signed binary
data.

x
R+3

Flags

230

R+2

Md + 1

Md

Mr + 1

Mr

R+1

R

ER:

Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of :DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)

EQ:

ON when the result is zero (content of R+3 through R all zeroes), otherwise OFF.

Section 5-20

Binary Calculations
Example

In the following example, MBSL(––) is used to multiply the signed binary contents of IR 101 and IR 100 with the signed binary contents of DM 0021 and
DM 0020 and output the result to LR 24 through LR 21.

00000

Address

Instruction

00000
00001

LD
MBSL(––)

MBSL(––)
100

Operands
00000

DM 0020

DM
LR

LR 21

Md+1: IR 101
0
0
8

7

Md: IR 100
9
3
8

Mr+1: DM 0021
F
F
F
0

A

Mr: DM 0020
8
1
2

R+1: LR 22
C
A
5

4

0

X
F

R+3: LR 24
F
F
F

F

R+2: LR 23
F
7
D

F

R: LR 21
5
F

100
0020
21

(555,320)

(–1,005,550)

(–558,402,026,000)

0

5-20-9 SIGNED BINARY DIVIDE – DBS(––)
Operand Data Areas
Dd: Dividend word

Ladder Symbols

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR, #
DBS(––)

@DBS(––)

Dd

Dd

Dr

Dr

R

R

Dr: Divisor word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR, #
R: First result word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR LR

Limitations

R and R+1 must be in the same data area.

Description

DBS(––) divides the signed binary content of Dd by the signed binary content of
Dr, and outputs the 8-digit signed binary result to R+1 and R. The quotient is
placed in R, and the remainder is placed in R+1. Refer to page 29 for details on
signed binary data.
Quotient
R

Dr

Flags

ER:

Remainder
R+1

Dd

Dr contains 0.
Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of :DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)

EQ:

ON when the content of R (the quotient) is 0000, otherwise OFF.

231

Section 5-20

Binary Calculations
Example

In the following example, DBS(––) is used to divide the signed binary contents of
IR 001 with the signed binary contents of DM 0020 and output the result to LR 21
and LR 22.
Address

00000
DBS(––)

00000
00001

001

Instruction

Operands

LD
DBS(––)

00000

DM 0020

DM
LR

LR 21

÷
F

R+1: LR 22
F
F
A

Remainder (–6)

D

Dd: IR 001
D
D
A

0

Dr: DM 0020
0
1
A

F

R: LR 21
E
B

001
0020
21

(–8,742)

(26)

0

(–336 and –6)

Quotient (–336)

5-20-10 DOUBLE SIGNED BINARY DIVIDE – DBSL(––)
Operand Data Areas
Dd: Dividend word (binary)

Ladder Symbols

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR, #
DBSL(––)

@DBSL(––)

Dd

Dd

Dr

Dr

R

R

Dr: Divisor word (binary)
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR, #
R: First result word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR LR

Limitations

Dd and Dd+1 must be in the same data area, as must Dr and Dr+1, and R and
R+3.

Description

DBS(––) divides the 32-bit (8-digit) signed binary data in Dd+1 and Dd by the
32-bit signed binary data in Dr+1 and Dr, and outputs the 16-digit signed binary
result to R+3 through R. The quotient is placed in R+1 and R, and the remainder
is placed in R+3 and R+2. Refer to page 29 for details on signed binary data.
Remainder
R+3

Dr+1

Flags

ER:

R+2

Dr

Quotient
R+1

R

Dd+1

Dd

Dr+1 and Dr contain 0.
Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of :DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)

EQ:

232

ON when the content of R+1 and R (the quotient) is 0, otherwise OFF.

Section 5-21

Special Math Instructions
Example

In the following example, DBSL(––) is used to divide the signed binary contents
of IR 002 and IR 001 with the signed binary contents of DM 0021 and DM 0020
and output the result to LR 24 through LR 21.
Address

00000
DBSL(––)

Instruction

00000
00001

001

Operands

LD
DBSL(––)

00000

DM 0020

DM
LR

LR 21

Dd+1: IR 002
F
7
A

B

Dd: IR 001
1
5
C

Dr+1: DM 0021
0
0
0
0

0

Dr: DM 0020
0
1
A

R+1: LR 22
F
F
A

D

F


F

R+3: LR 24
F
F
F

F

R+2: LR 23
F
F
C

F

Remainder (–4)

R: LR 21
F
7

001
0020
21

(–8,736,420)

(26)

0

(–336,016 and –4/26)

Quotient (–336,016)

5-21 Special Math Instructions
5-21-1 FIND MAXIMUM – MAX(––)
Ladder Symbols

Operand Data Areas
C: Control data

MAX(––)

@MAX(––)

C

C

R1

R1

D

D

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR
R1: First word in range
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR
D: Destination word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR

Limitations

N in C must be BCD between 001 to 999.
R1 and R1+N–1 must be in the same data area.

Description

When the execution condition is OFF, MAX(––) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, MAX(––) searches the range of memory from R1 to
R1+N–1 for the address that contains the maximum value and outputs the maximum value to the destination word (D).
If bit 14 of C is ON, MAX(––) identifies the address of the word containing the
maximum value in D+1. The address is identified differently for the DM area:

1, 2, 3...

1. For an address in the DM area, the word address is written to D+1. For example, if the address containing the maximum value is DM 0114, then #0114
is written in D+1.
2. For an address in another data area, the number of addresses from the beginning of the search is written to D+1. For example, if the address containing the maximum value is IR 114 and the first word in the search range is
IR 014, then #0100 is written in D+1.

233

Section 5-21

Special Math Instructions

If bit 15 of C is ON and more than one address contains the same maximum value, the position of the lowest of the addresses will be output to D+1.
The number of words within the range (N) is contained in the 3 rightmost digits of
C, which must be BCD between 001 and 999.
When bit 15 of C is OFF, data within the range is treated as normal binary and
when it is ON the data is treated as signed binary.
C:

15 14 13 12 11

00
Number of words
in range (N)
Not used – set to zero.

Data type
1 (ON): Signed binary
0 (OFF): Normal binary

! Caution

Flags

Output address to D+1?
1 (ON): Yes.
0 (OFF): No.

If bit 14 of C is ON, values above #8000 are treated as negative numbers, so the
results will differ depending on the specified data type. Be sure that the correct
data type is specified.
ER:

EQ:

Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of :DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)
The number of words specified in C is not BCD (000 to 999).
R1 and R1+N–1 are not in the same data area.
ON when the maximum value is #0000.

5-21-2 FIND MINIMUM – MIN(––)
Ladder Symbols

Operand Data Areas
C: Control data

MIN(––)

@MIN(––)

C

C

R1

R1

D

D

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR
R1: First word in range
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR
D: Destination word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR

Limitations

N in C must be BCD between 001 to 999.
R1 and R1+N–1 must be in the same data area.

Description

When the execution condition is OFF, MIN(––) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, MIN(––) searches the range of memory from R1 to R1+N–1
for the address that contains the minimum value and outputs the minimum value
to the destination word (D).
If bit 14 of C is ON, MIN(––) identifies the address of the word containing the
minimum value in D+1. The address is identified differently for the DM area:

1, 2, 3...

234

1. For an address in the DM area, the word address is written to D+1. For example, if the address containing the minimum value is DM 0114, then #0114
is written in D+1.
2. For an address in another data area, the number of addresses from the beginning of the search is written to D+1. For example, if the address containing the minimum value is IR 114 and the first word in the search range is
IR 014, then #0100 is written in D+1.

Section 5-21

Special Math Instructions

If bit 14 of C is ON and more than one address contains the same minimum value, the position of the lowest of the addresses will be output to D+1.
The number of words within the range (N) is contained in the 3 rightmost digits of
C, which must be BCD between 001 and 999.
When bit 15 of C is OFF, data within the range is treated as unsigned binary and
when it is ON the data is treated as signed binary. Refer to page 29 for details on
signed binary data.
C:

15 14 13 12 11

00
Number of words
in range (N)
Not used – set to zero.
Output address to D+1?
1 (ON): Yes.
0 (OFF): No.

Data type
1 (ON): Signed binary
0 (OFF): Unsigned binary

! Caution

Flags

If bit 14 of C is ON, values above #8000 are treated as negative numbers, so the
results will differ depending on the specified data type. Be sure that the correct
data type is specified.
ER:

Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of :DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)
The number of words specified in C is not BCD (000 to 999).
R1 and R1+N–1 are not in the same data area.

EQ:

ON when the minimum value is #0000.

5-21-3 AVERAGE VALUE – AVG(––)
Operand Data Areas

Ladder Symbols
AVG(––)

@AVG(––)

S

S

N

N

D

D

S: Source word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR
N: Number of cycles
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR, #
D: First destination word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR

Limitations

Data of S must be hexadecimal.
N must be BCD from #0001 to #0064.
D and D+N+1 must be in the same data area.

Description

AVG(––) is used to calculate the average value of S over N cycles.
When the execution condition is OFF, AVG(––) is not executed.
For the first N–1 cycles when the execution condition is ON, AVG(––) writes the
value of S to D. Each time that AVG(––) is executed, the previous value of S is
stored in words D+2 to D+N+1. The first 2 digits of D+1 are incremented with
each execution and act as a pointer to indicate where the previous value is
stored. Bit 15 of D+1 remains OFF for the first N–1 cycles.

235

Section 5-21

Special Math Instructions

On the Nth cycle, the previous value of S is written to last word in the range D+2 to
D+N+1. The average value of the previous values stored in D+2 to D+N+1 is calculated and written to D, bit 15 of D+1 is turned ON, and the previous value pointer (the first 2 digits of D+1) is reset to zero. Each time that AVG(––) is executed,
the previous value of S overwrites the content of the word indicated by the pointer and the new average value is calculated and written to D. The pointer will be
reset again after reaching N–1.
The following diagram shows the function of words D to D+N+1.
D
D+1
D+2
D+3

Average value (after N or more cycles)
Previous value pointer and cycle indicator
Previous value #1
Previous value #2

D+N+1

Previous value #N

The function of bits in D+1 are shown in the following diagram and explained in
more detail below.
D+1:

15 14

08 07

Not used. Set to zero.

00
Previous value pointer
(2-digit hexadecimal from 0 to N–1.)

Cycle indicator
0 (OFF): cycles since execution of AVG(––) < N.
1 (ON): cycles since execution of AVG(––) ≥ N.

Previous Value Pointer

The previous value pointer indicates the location where the most recent value of
S was stored relative to D+2, i.e., a pointer value of 0 indicates D+2, a value of 1
indicates D+3, etc.

Cycle Indicator

The cycle indicator is turned ON after AVG(––) has been executed N times. At
this point, D will contain the average value of the contents of words D+2 through
D+N+1. The average value is 4-digit hexadecimal and is rounded off to the nearest integer value.

Flags

ER:

Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of :DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)
One or more operands have been set incorrectly.

236

Section 5-21

Special Math Instructions
Example

In the following example, the content of IR 040 is set to #0000 and then incremented by 1 each cycle. For the first two cycles, AVG(––) moves the content of
IR 040 to DM 1002 and DM 1003. The contents of DM 1001 will also change
(which can be used to confirm that the results of AVG(––) has changed). On the
third and later cycles AVG(––) calculates the average value of the contents of
DM 1002 to DM 1004 and writes that average value to DM 1000.

00001
@MOV(21)

Address

Instruction

00000
00001

LD
@MOV(21)

Operands

#0000
040

00001
#

0000
040

AVG(––)
040

00002

AVG(––)

#0003

040
0003
1000

#
DM

DM 1000

00003
00004

CLC(41)

CLC(41)
ADB(50)
040
0001
040

ADB(50)

#

040
#0001
040

IR 40

1st cycle
0000

2nd cycle
0001

3rd cycle
0002

4th cycle
0003

DM 1000
DM 1001
DM 1002
DM 1003
DM 1004

1st cycle
0000
0001
0000
-----

2nd cycle
0001
0002
0000
0001
---

3rd cycle
0001
8000
0000
0001
0002

4th cycle
0002
8000
0003
0001
0002

Average
Pointer
Previous
values of
IR 40

5-21-4 SUM – SUM(––)
Operand Data Areas

Ladder Symbols
SUM(––)

@SUM(––)

C

C

R1

R1

D

D

C: Control data
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR
R1: First word in range
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR
D: First destination word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR

Limitations

The 3 rightmost digits of C must be BCD between 001 and 999.
If bit 14 of C is OFF (setting for BCD data), all data within the range R1 to R1+N–1
must be BCD.

237

Section 5-21

Special Math Instructions
Description

When the execution condition is OFF, SUM(––) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, SUM(––) adds either the contents of words R1 to
R1+N–1 or the bytes in words R1 to R1+N/2–1 and outputs that value to the destination words (D and D+1). The data can be summed as binary or BCD and will
be output in the same form. Binary data can be either signed or unsigned.
The function of bits in C are shown in the following diagram and explained in
more detail below.
C:

15 14 13 12 11

00
Number of items in range (N, BCD)
Number of words or number of bytes
001 to 999
Starting byte in R1 (when bit 13 is ON)
1 (ON): Rightmost
0 (OFF): Leftmost

Data type
1 (ON): Binary
0 (OFF): BCD

Addition units
1 (ON): Bytes
0 (OFF): Words

Data type (when bit 14 is ON)
1 (ON): Signed binary
0 (OFF): Unsigned binary

Number of Items in Range

The number of items within the range (N) is contained in the 3 rightmost digits of
C, which must be BCD between 001 and 999. This number will indicate the number of words or the number of bytes depending the items being summed.

Addition Units

Words will be added if bit 13 is OFF and bytes will be added if bit 13 is ON.
If bytes are specified, the range can begin with the leftmost or rightmost byte of
R1. The leftmost byte of R1 will not be added if bit 12 is ON.

R1
R1+1
R1+2
R1+3

MSB
1
3
5
7

LSB
2
4
6
8

The bytes will be added in this order when bit 12 is OFF: 1+2+3+4....
The bytes will be added in this order when bit 12 is ON: 2+3+4....
Data Type

Data within the range is treated as unsigned binary when bit 14 of C is ON and bit
15 is OFF, and it is treated as signed binary when both bits 14 and 15 are ON.
Refer to page 29 for details on signed binary data.
Data within the range is treated as BCD when bit 14 of C is OFF, regardless of the
status of bit 15.

Flags

ER:

Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of :DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)
R1 and R1+N–1 are not in the same data area.
The number of items in C is not BCD between 001 and 999.
The data being summed is not BCD when BCD was designated.

EQ:

238

ON when the result is zero.

Section 5-21

Special Math Instructions
Example

In the following example, the BCD contents of the 8 words from DM 0000 to
DM 0007 are added when IR 00001 is ON and the result is written to DM 0010
and DM 0011.
00001
@SUM(––)

Address

Instruction

00000
00001

LD
@SUM(––)

#4008
DM 0000

Operands
00001
#
DM
DM

DM 0010

DM 0000
DM 0001
DM 0002
DM 0003
DM 0004
DM 0005
DM 0006
DM 0007

0001
0002
0003
0004
0005
0006
0007
0008

DM 0010
DM 0011

4008
0000
0010

0036
0000

5-21-5 ARITHMETIC PROCESS – APR(69)
Operand Data Areas

Ladder Symbols

C: Control word
APR(69)

@APR(69)

C

C

S

S

D

D

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR, #
S: Input data source word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR
D: Result destination word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR,TC, LR

Limitations

For trigonometric functions S must be BCD from 0000 to 0900 (0°≤ q ≤ 90°).

Description

When the execution condition is OFF, APR(69) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, the operation of APR(69) depends on the control word C.
If C is #0000 or #0001, APR(69) computes sin(q) or cos(q)*. The BCD value of S
specifies q in tenths of degrees.
If C is an address, APR(69) computes f(x) of the function entered in advance beginning at word C. The function is a series of line segments (which can approximate a curve) determined by the operator. The BCD or hexadecimal value of S
specifies x.

Flags

ER:

Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of :DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)
For trigonometric functions, x > 0900. (x is the content of S.)
A constant other than #0000 or #0001 was designated for C.
The linear approximation data is not readable.

EQ:

The result is 0000.

239

Section 5-21

Special Math Instructions
Examples
Sine Function

The following example demonstrates the use of the APR(69) sine function to calculate the sine of 30°. The sine function is specified when C is #0000.
Address

00000
APR(69)
#0000

00000
00001

Instruction

00000

DM 0000

#
DM
DM

DM 0100

Input data, x
0
0

S: DM 0000
101
100
3
0

10–1
0

Cosine Function

10–1
5

D: DM 0100
10–2
10–3
0
0

10–4
0

Result data has four significant
digits, fifth and higher digits are
ignored. The result for sin(90)
will be 0.9999, not 1.

The following example demonstrates the use of the APR(69) cosine function to
calculate the cosine of 30°. The cosine function is specified when C is #0001.
Address

00000
APR(69)
#0001

00000
00001

DM 0010

Input data, x

Operands

LD
APR(69)

00000
0001
0010
0110

Result data
10–1
0

Enter input data not
exceeding #0900 in BCD.

Linear Approximation

Instruction

#
DM
DM

DM 0110

0
0

0000
0000
0100

Result data

Enter input data not
exceeding #0900 in BCD.

S: DM 0010
101
100
3
0

Operands

LD
APR(69)

10–1
8

D: DM 0110
10–2
10–3
6
6

10–4
0

Result data has four significant
digits, fifth and higher digits are
ignored. The result for cos(0)
will be 0.9999, not 1.

APR(69) linear approximation is specified when C is a memory address. Word C
is the first word of the continuous block of memory containing the linear approximation data.
The content of word C specifies the number of line segments in the approximation, and whether the input and output are in BCD or BIN form. Bits 00 to 07 contain the number of line segments less 1, m–1, as binary data. Bits 14 and 15 determine, respectively, the output and input forms: 0 specifies BCD and 1 specifies BIN.
C: 15 14 13

Not used.

07 06 05 04 03 02 01 00

Source data form
1 (ON): f(x)=f(Xm–S)
0 (OFF): f(x)=f(S)
Output form
Input form

240

Number of coordinates
minus one (m–1)

Section 5-21

Special Math Instructions

Enter the coordinates of the m+1 end-points, which define the m line segments,
as shown in the following table. Enter all coordinates in BIN form. Always enter
the coordinates from the lowest X value (X1) to the highest (Xm). X0 is 0000, and
does not have to be entered.

Y

Word

Ym

Coordinate

C+1

Xm (max. X value)

C+2

Y0

C+3

X1

Y3

C+4

Y1

Y1

C+5

X2

C+6

Y2

Y4

↓

Y2
Y0

X
X0

X1

X2 X3

X4

↓

C+(2m+1)

Xm

C+(2m+2)

Ym

Xm

If bit 13 of C is set to 1, the graph will be reflected from left to right, as shown in the
following diagram.
Y

Y

X0

Xm

X

Xm

X

X0

The following example demonstrates the construction of a linear approximation
with 12 line segments. The block of data is continuous, as it must be, from DM
0000 to DM 0026 (C to C + (2 × 12 + 2)). The input data is taken from IR 010, and
the result is output to IR 011.
Address

00000
APR(69)
DM 0000

00000
00001

Instruction

Operands

LD
APR(69)

00000

010

DM

011

Content Coordinate

Bit
15

0000
010
011

Bit
00

1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1

DM 0000
DM 0001
DM 0002
DM 0003
DM 0004
DM 0005
DM 0006

$C00B
$05F0
$0000
$0005
$0F00
$001A
$0402

↓

↓

↓

DM 0025
DM 0026

$05F0
$1F20

X12
Y12

X12
Y0
X1
Y1
X2
Y2

(Output and
input both BIN)

(m–1 = 11: 12 line
segments)

241

Section 5-21

Special Math Instructions

In this case, the input data word, IR 010, contains #0014, and f(0014) = #0726 is
output to R, IR 011.
Y
$1F20

$0F00

(x,y)

$0726
$0402

(0,0)

$0005

$0014

$001A

X

$05F0

5-21-6 PID CONTROL – PID(––)
Operand Data Areas

Ladder Symbol

S: Input word
PID(––)
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR,
S

C: First parameter word

C

IR, SR, DM, HR, LR

D

D: Output word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR

Limitations

C and C+32 must be within the same data area.
! Caution

Description

Do not program PID(––) in the following situations. Doing so may produce unexpected behavior: In interrupt programs, in subroutines, between IL(02) and
ILC(03), between JMP(04) and JME(05), and in step programming (when using
STEP(08) and SNXT(09)).
PID(––) carries out PID control according to the designated parameters. It takes
the specified input range of binary data from the contents of input word S and
carries out the PID operation according to the parameters that are set. The results are then stored as the operation output amount in output word D.
PID parameter words range from C through C+32. The PID parameters are configured as shown below.
Word

15 to 12

C

Set value (SV)

3 to 0

Proportional band (P)

C+2

Tik = Integral time T1/sampling period γ (See note 1.)

C+3

Tdk = Derivative time Td/sampling period γ (See note 1.)

C+4

Sampling period γ

C+5

2-PID parameter (α) (See note 2.)

C+6

242

7 to 4

C+1

C+7 to C+32

Note

11 to 8

0

Input range

PID forward/
reverse designation
0

Output range

Work area (Cannot be accessed directly from program.)

1. What is set in words 2 and 3 is not the actual integral and derivative times,
but rather their values divided by the value of the sampling period γ.
2. Setting the 2-PID parameter (α) to 000 yields 0.65, the normal value.

Section 5-21

Special Math Instructions
Parameter Settings
Item

Contents

Setting range

Set value (SV)

This is the target value of the process being
controlled.

Binary data (of the same
number of bits as specified for
the input range)

Proportional band

This is the parameter for P control expressing
the proportional control range/total control
range.

0001 to 9999 (4 digits BCD);
(0.1% to 999.9%, in units of
0.1%)

Tik

This is a constant expressing the strength of
the integral operation. As this value increases,
the integral strength decreases.

0001 to 8191 (4 digits BCD);
(9999 = Integral operation not
executed)

Tdk

This is a constant expressing the strength of
the derivative operation. As this value
increases, the derivative strength increases.

0000 to 8191 (4 digits BCD)

Sampling period

This sets the period for executing the PID
operation.

0001 to 1023 (4 digits BCD);
(0.1 to 102.3 s, in units of
0.1 s)

PID
forward/reverse
designation

This is the parameter that determines the
direction of the proportional operation.

0: Reverse operation
1: Forward operation

2-PID parameter
(α)

This is the input filter coefficient. Normally use
0.65 (i.e., a setting of 000). The filter efficiency
decreases as the coefficient approaches 0.

000: α = 0.65
Setting from 100 to 199 means
that the value of the rightmost
two digits is set from α= 0.00
to α= 0.99.

Input range

This is the number of input data bits.

Output range

PID CONTROL Operation

0: 8 bits
1: 9 bits
This is the number of output data bits. {The
2: 10 bits
number of output bits is automatically the same 3: 11 bits
as the number of input bits.)
4: 12 bits

5: 13 bits
6: 14 bits
7: 15 bits
8: 16 bits

Execution Condition OFF
All data that has been set is retained. Then the execution condition is OFF, the
operation amount can be written to the output word (D) to achieve manual control.
Rising Edge of the Execution Condition
The work area is initialized based on the PID parameters that have been set and
the PID control operation is begin. Sudden and radical changes in the operation
output amount are not made when starting operation to avoid adverse affect on
the controlled system (bumpless operation).
When PID parameters are changed, they first become valid when the execution
condition changes from OFF to ON.
Execution Condition ON
The PID operation is executed at the intervals based on the sampling period,
according to the PID parameters that have been set.
Sampling Period and PID Execution Timing
The sampling period is the time interval to retrieve the measurement data for
carrying out a PID operation. PID(––), however, is executed according to
C200HS cycle time, so there may be cases where the sampling period is exceeded. In such cases, the time interval until the next sampling is reduced.

PID Control Method

C200HS PID control operations are executed by means of PID control with feedforward control (two degrees of freedom).

243

Section 5-21

Special Math Instructions

When overshooting is prevented with simple PID control, stabilization of disturbances is slowed (1). If stabilization of disturbances is speeded up, on the other
hand, overshooting occurs and response toward the target value is slowed (2).
With feed-forward PID control, there is no overshooting, and response toward
the target value and stabilization of disturbances can both be speeded up (3).
Simple PID Control

Feed-forward PID control

(1)

As the target response is slowed,
the disturbance response worsens.

Target response

Disturbance response

(2)

Overshoot

Control Operations

As the disturbance response is
slowed, the target response worsens.

Proportional Operation (P)
Proportional operation is an operation in which a proportional band is established with respect to the set value (SV), and within that band the operation
amount (the control output amount) is made proportional to the deviation. If the
present value (PV) is smaller than the proportional band, the operation amount
will be 100%. If within the proportional band the operation amount is made proportional to the deviation and gradually decreased until the SV and PV match
(i.e., until the deviation is 0), the operation amount will return to the previous value (forward operation).
The proportional band is expressed as a percentage with respect to the total input range. With proportional operation an offset (residual deviation) occurs, and
the offset is reduced by making the proportional band smaller. If it is made too
small, however, hunting will occur.

Proportional Operation
(Forward Operation)
Operation
amount
100%

Proportional band

Adjusting the Proportional Band

Proportional band too narrow (hunting occurring)
Offset

0%
SV
Proportional band just right
Proportional band too wide (large offset)

Integral Operation (I)
Combining integral operation with proportional operation reduces the offset according to the time that has passed. The strength of the integral operation is indicated by the integral time, which is the time required for the integral operation
amount to reach the same level as the proportional operation amount with respect to the step deviation, as shown in the following illustration. The shorter the
integral time, the stronger the correction by the integral operation will be. If the

244

Section 5-21

Special Math Instructions

integral time is too short, the correction will be too strong and will cause hunting
to occur.
Integral Operation
Step response
Deviation

0

Operation
0
amount
PI Operation and Integral Time
Step response
Deviation

Operation
amount

0
PI operation
I operation
P operation
0
Ti: Integral time

Derivative Operation (D)
Proportional operation and integral operation both make corrections with respect to the control results, so there is inevitably a response delay. Derivative
operation compensates for that drawback. In response to a sudden disturbance
it delivers a large operation amount and rapidly restores the original status. A
correction is executed with the operation amount made proportional to the incline (derivative coefficient) caused by the deviation.
The strength of the derivative operation is indicated by the derivative time, which
is the time required for the derivative operation amount to reach the same level
as the proportional operation amount with respect to the step deviation, as
shown in the following illustration. The longer the derivative time, the stronger
the correction by the derivative operation will be.
Derivative Operation
Step response
Deviation 0

Operation
0
amount
PD Operation and Derivative Time
Ramp response
Deviation 0

PD operation
P operation
D operation

Operation
0
amount
Td: Derivative time

PID Operation
PID operation combines proportional operation (P), integral operation (I), and
derivative operation (D). It produces superior control results even for control objects with dead time. It employs proportional operation to provide smooth control

245

Section 5-21

Special Math Instructions

without hunting, integral operation to automatically correct any offset, and derivative operation to speed up the response to disturbances.
PID Operation Output Step Response
Ramp response
Deviation 0

PID operation
I operation
P operation
D operation

Operation
0
amount
PID Operation Output Lamp Response
Step response
Deviation 0

PID operation
I operation
P operation
D operation

Operation
0
amount

Direction of Operation

When using PID operation, select either of the following two control directions. In
either direction, the operation amount increases as the difference between the
SV and the PV increases.
• Forward operation: Control amount is increased when the PV is larger than the
SV.
• Reverse operation: Control amount is increased when the PV is smaller than
the SV.

Adjusting PID Parameters

The general relationship between PID parameters and control status is shown
below.
• When it is not a problem if a certain amount of time is required for stabilization
(settlement time), but it is important not to cause overshooting, then enlarge
the proportional band.
Control by measured PID
SV
When P is enlarged

• When overshooting is not a problem but it is desirable to quickly stabilize control, then narrow the proportional band. If the proportional band is narrowed too
much, however, then hunting may occur.
When P is narrowed
SV
Control by measured PID

• When there is broad hunting, or when operation is tied up by overshooting and
undershooting, it is probably because integral operation is too strong. The

246

Section 5-21

Special Math Instructions

hunting will be reduced if the integral time is increased or the proportional band
is enlarged.
Control by measured PID
(when loose hunting occurs)
SV
Enlarge I or P.

• If the period is short and hunting occurs, it may be that the control system response is quick and the derivative operation is too strong. In that case, set the
derivative operation lower.
Control by measured PID
(when hunting occurs in a short period)
SV
Lower D.

Flags

ER:

CY:
Example

Content of :DM word is not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been
exceeded.
A PID parameter SV is out of range.
The PID operation was executed but the cycle time was two times the
sampling period. PID(––) will be executed for this error only even when
ER (SR25503) is ON.
The PID operation is being executed.

This example shows a PID control program using PID(––).

AD001

#0

C200HS
CPU

DA001

#1

Amplifier (See note below.)

Fan (Output word IR 111)

Temperature sensing element
(Output word IR 100)

Amplifier (See note below.)
Heater (Output word IR110)

Note Motors and heaters cannot be directly connected from a Analog Output Unit. An
amplifier (i.e., a current amplification circuit) is required.

247

Section 5-21

Special Math Instructions
Creating the Program

1, 2, 3...

Follow the procedure outlined below in creating the program.
1. Set the target value (binary 0000 to 0FFF) in DM 0000.
2. Input the PV of the temperature sensing element (binary 000 to 0FFF) in bits
0 to 11 of word 101.
3. Output the operation amount of the heater to bits 0 to 11 of word 110 by
means of the first PID(––) instruction in the following program.
4. Output the operation amount of the fan to bits 0 to 11 of word 111 by means of
the second PID(––) instruction in the following program.
5. Convert the PV of the temperature sensing element (binary 000 to FFF) to
temperature data (0000°C to 0200°C) by means of SCL(––), and output it to
DM 0200.

Program
00000

25315
@MOV(21)
#0F00

Target value

DM0000

@MOV(21)
DM0000

Parameter leading word for first
PID(––) instruction

HR00

@MOV(21)
DM0000
HR40

PID(––)

Parameter leading word for second
PID(––) instruction

PV of temperature sensing element

101
HR00

Heater operation amount

110

PID(––)
101
HR40

Fan operation amount

111

SCL
101

PV of temperature sensing element (binary)
Leading word of converted parameter

DM0100
DM0200

END

248

Present temperature of temperature sensing
element (°C)

Section 5-22

Logic Instructions

Note When using PID(––) or SCL(––), make the data settings in advance with a Peripheral Device such as the Programming Console or LSS.
Heater
Target value HR

HR 00

(DM0000)

HR 01

0080

Proportional band

HR 02

0200

Integral time/sampling period

HR 03

0100

Derivative time/sampling period

HR 04

0001

Sampling period

HR 05

0000

HR 06

0404

Forward/reverse designation/
PID parameters
I/O range

SCL Parameters

Fan

DM 0100

0000

HR 40

(DM0000)

DM 0101

0000

HR 41

0060

DM 0102

0200

HR 42

0150

DM 0103

0FFF

HR 43

0100

HR 44

0001

HR 45

0001

HR 46

0404

5-22 Logic Instructions
The logic instructions – COM(29), ANDW(34), ORW(35), XORW(36), and
XNRW(37) – perform logic operations on word data.

5-22-1 COMPLEMENT – COM(29)
Ladder Symbols

Description

Operand Data Areas

COM(29)

@COM(29)

Wd

Wd

Wd: Complement word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR

When the execution condition is OFF, COM(29) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, COM(29) clears all ON bits and sets all OFF bits in Wd.
15

Example
Original

1

00
0

0

1

1

0

0

1

1

0

0

1

1

0

0

1

1

1

0

0

1

1

0

0

1

1

0

0

1

1

0

15
Complement 0

Flags

00

ER:

Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of :DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)

EQ:

ON when the result is 0.

249

Section 5-22

Logic Instructions

5-22-2 LOGICAL AND – ANDW(34)
Operand Data Areas
Ladder Symbols

I1: Input 1
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR, #

Description

ANDW(34)

@ANDW(34)

I1

I1

I2

I2

R

R

I2: Input 2
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR, #
R: Result word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR

When the execution condition is OFF, ANDW(34) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, ANDW(34) logically AND’s the contents of I1 and I2
bit-by-bit and places the result in R.
15

Example
I1

1

00
0

0

1

1

0

0

1

1

0

0

1

1

0

0

15

I2

0

00
1

0

1

0

1

0

1

0

1

0

1

0

1

0

15

R
Flags

250

0

1

1

00
0

0

1

0

0

0

1

0

0

0

1

0

0

0

1

ER:

Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of :DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)

EQ:

ON when the result is 0.

Section 5-22

Logic Instructions

5-22-3 LOGICAL OR – ORW(35)
Operand Data Areas
I1: Input 1

Ladder Symbols

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR, #

Description

ORW(35)

@ORW(35)

I1

I1

I2

I2

R

R

I2: Input 2
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR, #
R: Result word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR

When the execution condition is OFF, ORW(35) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, ORW(35) logically OR’s the contents of I1 and I2
bit-by-bit and places the result in R.
15

Example
I1

1

00
0

0

1

1

0

0

1

1

0

0

1

1

0

0

15

I2

0

00
1

0

1

0

1

0

1

0

1

0

1

0

1

0

1

1

0

1

1

1

0

1

1

1

0

1

1

1

0

1

15

R
Flags

1

1

00

ER:

Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of :DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)

EQ:

ON when the result is 0.

251

Section 5-22

Logic Instructions

5-22-4 EXCLUSIVE OR – XORW(36)
Operand Data Areas
I1: Input 1

Ladder Symbols

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR, #

Description

XORW(36)

@XORW(36)

I1

I1

I2

I2

R

R

I2: Input 2
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR, #
R: Result word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR

When the execution condition is OFF, XORW(36) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, XORW(36) exclusively OR’s the contents of I1 and I2
bit-by-bit and places the result in R.
15

Example
I1

1

00
0

0

1

1

0

0

1

1

0

0

1

1

0

0

15

I2

0

00
1

0

1

0

1

0

1

0

1

0

1

0

1

0

15

R
Flags

252

1

1

1

00
1

0

0

1

1

0

0

1

1

0

0

1

1

0

0

ER:

Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of :DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)

EQ:

ON when the result is 0.

Section 5-23

Subroutines and Interrupt Control

5-22-5 EXCLUSIVE NOR – XNRW(37)
Operand Data Areas
I1: Input 1

Ladder Symbols

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR, #
XNRW(37)

@XNRW(37)

I1

I1

I2

I2

R

R

I2: Input 2

Description

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR, #
R: Result word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR

When the execution condition is OFF, XNRW(37) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, XNRW(37) exclusively NOR’s the contents of I1 and I2
bit-by-bit and places the result in R.
15

I1

1

00
0

0

1

1

0

0

1

1

0

0

1

1

0

0

15

I2

0

00
1

0

1

0

1

0

1

0

1

0

1

0

1

0

15

R
Flags

ER:
EQ:

0

1

1

00
0

1

1

0

0

1

1

0

0

1

1

0

0

1

1

Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of :DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)
ON when the result is 0.

5-23 Subroutines and Interrupt Control
5-23-1 Subroutines
Subroutines break large control tasks into smaller ones and enable you to reuse
a given set of instructions. When the main program calls a subroutine, control is
transferred to the subroutine and the subroutine instructions are executed. The
instructions within a subroutine are written in the same way as main program
code. When all the subroutine instructions have been executed, control returns
to the main program to the point just after the point from which the subroutine
was entered (unless otherwise specified in the subroutine).
Subroutines may also be activated by interrupts or the MCRO(99) instruction.
Interrupts

Like subroutine calls, interrupts cause a break in the flow of the main program
execution such that the flow can be resumed from that point after completion of
the subroutine. An interrupt is caused either by an external source, such as an
input signal from an Interrupt Input Unit, or a scheduled interrupt. In the case of
the scheduled interrupt, the interrupt signal is repeated at regular intervals.
Whereas subroutine calls are controlled from within the main program, subroutines activated by interrupts are triggered when the interrupt signal is received.
In the case of the scheduled interrupt, the time interval between interrupts is set
by the user and is unrelated to the cycle timing of the PC. This capability is useful
for periodic supervisory or executive program execution.

253

Section 5-23

Subroutines and Interrupt Control

INT(89) is used to control the interrupt signals received from the Interrupt Input
Unit, and also to control the scheduling of the scheduled interrupt. INT(89) provides such functions as masking of interrupts (so that they are recorded but ignored) and clearing of interrupts.
Refer to 5-23-2 Interrupts for more details on interrupts.
MCRO(99)

The MACRO instruction allows a single subroutine (programming pattern) to replace several subroutines that have identical structure but different operands.
Since a number of similar program sections can be managed with just one subroutine, the number of program steps can be greatly reduced. Refer to 5-23-5
MACRO – MCRO(99) for more details on this instruction.

5-23-2 Interrupts
The C200HS supports both input interrupts and scheduled interrupts. The operating modes for these interrupts are shown in the following illustration.
Interrupts

Input interrupts

Normal mode (C200H compatible)

Scheduled interrupts

Normal mode (C200H compatible)

Interrupts at n x 10 ms

High-speed mode (C200HS only)

Interrupts at n x 10 ms

High-speed mode (C200HS only)
Interrupts at n x 1 ms
Interrupts at n x 1 ms

Input Interrupts

Input interrupts are executed when external inputs are received via a C200HSINT01 Interrupt Input Unit. The Interrupt Input Unit provides at total of 8 inputs
numbered IN 0 through IN7 that can be used to generate interrupts #00 to #07.
Generally speaking, subroutines #00 to #07 are executed when interrupts #00 to
#07 are generated.
Only one Interrupt Input Unit can be mounted to each C200HS PC. When any of
the 8 inputs on the Interrupt Input Unit goes ON, an interrupt is generated and the
corresponding bit in the word allocated to the slot to which the Unit is mounted is
turned ON.
Note

1. Subroutines #00 to #07 can be used as normal subroutines when they are
not used for input interrupts.
2. Inputs on the Interrupt Input Unit not used for interrupts can be used for normal inputs.

Scheduled Interrupts

Scheduled interrupts can be executed at intervals set either in increments of
10 ms or in increments or 1 ms. Interrupt #99 is used and subroutine #99 is
executed.
The unit used to set the scheduled interrupt interval is set in the PC Setup at
DM 6622.
Bit 15
DM 6622

00

Schedule Interrupt Setting Interval Setting Enable
00: Setting disabled (interval fixed at 10 ms)
01: Setting in bits 00 to 07 enabled
Schedule Interrupt Setting Interval Setting
00: 10 ms
01: 1 ms

Note Subroutine #99 can be used as a normal subroutine when it is not used for a
scheduled interrupt.

254

Section 5-23

Subroutines and Interrupt Control
The following setting is used for normal interrupt mode.

Normal Interrupt Mode
(C200H Compatible)

DM 6620

0

0

0

0

In normal interrupt mode, the following processing will be completed once
started even if an interrupt occurs The interrupt will be processed as soon as the
current process is completed.
• Host Link servicing
• Remote I/O servicing
• Special I/O Unit servicing
• Individual instruction execution
• SYSMAC LINK/SYSMAC NET servicing (CPU31-E/33-E only)
Use this mode whenever using C200H interrupt subroutines without modification or whenever possible considering the response time required for interrupts.
Note The C200HS is set to normal interrupt mode by default.
High-speed Interrupt Mode
(C200HS)

The following setting is used for high-speed interrupt mode.
DM 6620

1

–

–

–

Interrupt mode
(1 = high-speed)

In high-speed interrupt mode, the following processing will be interrupted and
the interrupt subroutine executed as soon as an interrupt is generated.
• Host Link servicing
• Remote I/O servicing
• Special I/O Unit servicing
• Individual instruction execution
Use this mode whenever interrupt response time must be accurate to 1.0 ms.
Note

1. With the CPU31-E/33-E, SYSMAC LINK/SYSMAC NET servicing will be
completed before processing interrupts, meaning up to 10 ms may be
required to respond to and interrupt even in the High-speed mode.
2. Data will not necessarily be concurrent if the high-speed interrupt mode is
used because Host Link servicing, remote I/O servicing, Special I/O Unit
servicing, and individual instruction execution will not necessarily be completed when started. The program must be designed to allow for this when
required by the application. (See the section on data concurrence for further
details.)

Interrupt Priority

The specified subroutine will be executed when an interrupt is generated. If further interrupts are generated during execution of an interrupt subroutine, they
will not be processed until execution of the current interrupt subroutine has been
completed. If more than one interrupt is generated or is awaiting execution at the
same time, the corresponding subroutines will be executed in the following order
of priority.
Input interrupt 1 > input interrupt 2 > ... > input interrupt 7 > scheduled interrupt

Special I/O in Interrupt
Subroutines

I/O for Special I/O Units can be refreshed from within interrupt subroutines by
using the I/O REFRESH (IORF) instruction. If the high-speed interrupt mode is
used, refreshing in the normal cycle (END refreshing and IORF refreshing in the
main program) must be disabled for the Special I/O Unit that is to be refreshed in
the interrupt subroutine. An interrupt programming error (system FAL error 8B)
will occur if the same special I/O is refreshed both within an interrupt program
and within the normal cycle, and the special I/O will not be refreshed within the
interrupt subroutine.

255

Section 5-23

Subroutines and Interrupt Control

The PC Setup for the C200HS contains settings in DM 6620 that disable refreshing in the normal cycle for specific Special I/O Units. This settings are as shown
below.

DM6620
12

Bit 15

00

1

0

0

*

*

*

*

Interrupt mode
(1 = high-speed)

*

*

*

*

*

*

Unit #0
Unit #1
.
.
.
Unit #9

Note Disabling special I/O refreshing in the normal cycle to refresh special I/O in an
interrupt subroutine is necessary only in the high-speed mode. Disabling normal
cycle refreshing of special I/O during normal interrupt mode will be ignored and
the special I/O will be refreshed both in the normal cycle and in the interrupt subroutine.
The execution time of interrupt subroutines must be kept to less than10 ms if the
high-speed interrupt mode is used and Special I/O Units, Host Link Units, or Remote I/O Units are programmed. An interrupt programming error (system FAL
error 8B) will occur if the execution time is 10 ms or greater.
The execution time of interrupt subroutine with the longest execution time is output to SR 262 and the number of the subroutine with the longest execution time
is output to SR 263.

Example: 12.3 ms for subroutine #80
SR 262

0

1

2

3

Maximum interrupt subroutine execution time (in 0.1 ms)

SR 263

8

0

*

*

No. of interrupt subroutine with maximum execution time

Note The above 10-ms limit does not apply when the normal interrupt mode is used or
when the above Units are not mounted.
Data Concurrence

Although data concurrence is not a problem for execution of normal arithmetic
instructions or comparison instructions, it can be a problem when executing
longer instructions that handle multiple words, such as block transfer instructions, when the high-speed interrupt mode is used and the same data is handled
both in the main program and in an interrupt subroutine.
Data may not be concurrent in two different situations: 1) if a data write operation
in the main program is interrupted and the same data is read in an interrupt subroutine and 2) if a data read operation in the main program is interrupted and the
same data is written in an interrupt subroutine.

256

Section 5-23

Subroutines and Interrupt Control

If you must handle the same data both in the main program and in an interrupt
subroutine, use programming such as that shown below to be sure that data
concurrence is preserved, i.e., mask interrupts while read/writing data that is
also handled in an interrupt subroutine.
Masks all interrupts.

(@)INT(89)
100
000
000

Reading and writing common
data words

Unmasks all interrupts.

(@)INT(89)
200
000
000

Data concurrence can also be a problem if interrupts occur during data transfers
occurring in servicing for Special I/O Units, remote I/O, or Host Link Systems.
For any of these, data can be non-concurrent down to byte units.
Use one of the following methods to preserve data concurrence in the above situations. The second methods applies to Special I/O Units only.
• Mask interrupts in the main program while moving data transferred to/from
Units to different words and use these alternate words in the interrupt subroutine.
• Use the I/O REFRESH instruction in interrupt subroutines to refresh required
I/O from Special I/O Units and mask interrupts in the main program while reading/writing Special I/O Unit words.

5-23-3 SUBROUTINE ENTER – SBS(91)
Ladder Symbol
SBS(91) N

Definer Data Areas
N: Subroutine number
00 to 99

Limitations

Subroutine numbers 00 through 07 are used with input interrupts and subroutine
number 99 is used for the scheduled interrupt.

257

Section 5-23

Subroutines and Interrupt Control
Description

A subroutine can be executed by placing SBS(91) in the main program at the
point where the subroutine is desired. The subroutine number used in SBS(91)
indicates the desired subroutine. When SBS(91) is executed (i.e., when the execution condition for it is ON), the instructions between the SBN(92) with the
same subroutine number and the first RET(93) after it are executed before execution returns to the instruction following the SBS(91) that made the call.
Main program
SBS(91)

00

Main program

SBN(92)

00

Subroutine
RET(93)
END(01)

SBS(91) may be used as many times as desired in the program, i.e., the same
subroutine may be called from different places in the program).
SBS(91) may also be placed into a subroutine to shift program execution from
one subroutine to another, i.e., subroutines may be nested. When the second
subroutine has been completed (i.e., RET(93) has been reached), program execution returns to the original subroutine which is then completed before returning to the main program. Nesting is possible to up to sixteen levels. A subroutine
cannot call itself (e.g., SBS(91) 00 cannot be programmed within the subroutine
defined with SBN(92) 00). The following diagram illustrates two levels of nesting.

SBS(91) 10

258

SBN(92) 10

SBN(92) 11

SBS(91) 11

SBS(91) 12

RET(93)

RET(93)

SBN(92) 12

RET(93)

Section 5-23

Subroutines and Interrupt Control

The following diagram illustrates program execution flow for various execution
conditions for two SBS(91).
A
SBS(91)

00

A

B
Main
program

SBS(91)

OFF execution conditions for
subroutines 00 and 01

B

C

01
ON execution condition for
subroutine 00 only

A

C

SBN(92)

00

D

B

C

ON execution condition for
subroutine 01 only

A

B

E

C

D

Subroutines

RET(93)
SBN(92)

01

ON execution conditions for
subroutines 00 and 01

A

D

B

E

C

E

RET(93)
END(01)

Note A non-fatal error (error code 8B) will be generated if a subroutine’s execution
time exceeds 10 ms.
Flags

ER:

A subroutine does not exist for the specified subroutine number.
A subroutine has called itself.
An active subroutine has been called.

! Caution

SBS(91) will not be executed and the subroutine will not be called when ER is
ON.

5-23-4 SUBROUTINE DEFINE and RETURN – SBN(92)/RET(93)
Ladder Symbols
SBN(92) N

Definer Data Areas
N: Subroutine number
00 to 99

RET(93)

Limitations

Each subroutine number can be used in SBN(92) once only.

Description

SBN(92) is used to mark the beginning of a subroutine program; RET(93) is
used to mark the end. Each subroutine is identified with a subroutine number, N,
that is programmed as a definer for SBN(92). This same subroutine number is
used in any SBS(91) that calls the subroutine (see 5-23-3 SUBROUTINE ENTER – SBS(91)). No subroutine number is required with RET(93).

259

Section 5-23

Subroutines and Interrupt Control

All subroutines must be programmed at the end of the main program. When one
or more subroutines have been programmed, the main program will be executed up to the first SBN(92) before returning to address 00000 for the next
cycle. Subroutines will not be executed unless called by SBS(91).
END(01) must be placed at the end of the last subroutine program, i.e., after the
last RET(93). It is not required at any other point in the program.
Precautions

If SBN(92) is mistakenly placed in the main program, it will inhibit program execution past that point, i.e., program execution will return to the beginning when
SBN(92) is encountered.
If either DIFU(13) or DIFU(14) is placed within a subroutine, the operand bit will
not be turned OFF until the next time the subroutine is executed, i.e., the operand bit may stay ON longer than one cycle.

Flags

There are no flags directly affected by these instructions.

5-23-5 MACRO – MCRO(99)
Operand Data Areas
N: Subroutine number

Ladder Symbols

00 to 99
MCRO(99)

@MCRO(99)

N

N

I1

I1

O1

O1

I1: First input word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR
O1: First output word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR

Limitations

I1 and I1+3 must be in the same data area, as must O1 and O1+3.

Description

The MACRO instruction allows a single subroutine to replace several subroutines that have identical structure but different operands. There are 4 input
words, SR 290 to SR 293, and 4 output words, SR 294 to SR 297, allocated to
MCRO(99). These 8 words are used in the subroutine and take their contents
from I1 to I1+3 and O1 to O1+3 when the subroutine is executed.
When the execution condition is OFF, MCRO(99) is not executed. When the
execution condition is ON, MCRO(99) copies the contents of I1 to I1+3 to SR 290
to SR 293, copies the contents of O1 to O1+3 to SR 294 to SR 297, and then calls
and executes the subroutine specified in N. When the subroutine is completed,
the contents of SR 294 through SR 297 are then transferred back to O1 to O1+3
before MCRO(99) is completed.

260

Section 5-23

Subroutines and Interrupt Control

In the following example, the contents of DM 0010 through DM 0013 are copied
to SR 290 through SR 293, the contents of DM 0020 through DM 0023 are copied to SR 294 through SR 297, and subroutine 10 is called and executed.
When the subroutine is completed, the contents of SR 294 through SR 297 are
copied back to DM 0020 to DM 0023.

Main program
MCRO(99)

10
DM 0010
DM 0020

Main program

SBN(92)

10

Subroutine
RET(93)
END(01)

Note

1. Subroutines for macros are programmed just like other subroutines, except
that SR 290 to SR 297 contents are transferred in from the designated input
and output words.
2. Not only external I/O words, but internal I/O words can be used for I1 and O1.
3. SR 290 to SR 297 can be used as work bits when not used for macro programs.

Precautions

MCRO(99) can be used only for program sections that can be written using four
or fewer consecutive input words and/or four or fewer consecutive output words.
It is thus generally necessary to consider system and program design together
to take full advantage of macro programming.
Be careful that the input and output words properly correspond to the macro input and output words.

Flags

ER:

A subroutine does not exist for the specified subroutine number.
An operand has exceeded a data area boundary.
Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of :DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)
A subroutine has called itself.
An active subroutine has been called.

261

Section 5-23

Subroutines and Interrupt Control
Example

The following examples shows the use of four MCRO(99) instructions that access the same subroutine. The program section on the left shows the same program without the use of MCRO(99).

25313
00000

10001

MCRO(99)
10000

090

Always ON Flag
10000

000
100

00001

00002
10001

MCRO(99)
090

00200

002

10501
10500

105

10500
MCRO(99)
00201

090

00202

005

10501

120
00500

MCRO(99)

12001
12000

090

12000

010
150

00501

00502
12001

01000

29000

15001

29401
29400

15000
29400

15000

01001

29001

01002

29002
29401

15001

RET(93)

5-23-6 INTERRUPT CONTROL – INT(89)
Operand Data Areas
C: Control code

Ladder Symbols

# (000, 001, 002, 100, or 200)

Limitations

INT(89)

@INT(89)

C

C

N

N

D

D

N: Interrupt type
# (000 or 004)
D: Control data
IR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR, #

D must be between 0000 and 00FF when N=000 and C=000 or 001.
D must be BCD between 0001 and 9999 when N=004 and C=000 or 001.

262

Section 5-23

Subroutines and Interrupt Control
Description

INT(89) is used to control interrupts and performs one of 8 functions depending
on the values of C and N. As shown in the following tables, three of the functions
act on input interrupts, three act on the scheduled interrupt, and the other two
mask or unmask all interrupts.
Interrupt
Input
(N 000)
(N=000)
Scheduled
(N 004)
(N=004)

Value of C
000
001
002
000
001
002

INT(89) Function
Mask/unmask input interrupts
Clear input interrupts
Read current mask status
Set interrupt interval
Set time to first interrupt
Read interrupt interval

Comments
Bits 00 to 07 of D indicate inputs
i
00 to 07.
07
Status written to D.

The following 2 functions depend on the value of C only.
Value of C

INT(89) Function

100

Mask all interrupts

200

Unmask all interrupts

Mask/unmask Input
Interrupts (N=000, C=000)

This function is used to mask and unmask input interrupts 00 to 07. Masked inputs are recorded, but ignored. When an input is masked, the interrupt program
for it will be run as soon as the bit is unmasked (unless it is cleared beforehand by
executing INT(89) with C=001 and N=000).
Set the corresponding bit in D to 0 to unmask or to 1 to mask an I/O interrupt
input. Bits 00 to 07 correspond to 00 to 07.

Clear Input Interrupts
(N=000, C=001)

This function is used to clear I/O interrupt inputs 00 to 07. Since interrupt inputs
are recorded, masked interrupts will be serviced after the mask is removed unless they are cleared first.
Set the corresponding bit in D to 1 to clear an interrupt input. Bits 00 to 07 correspond to 00 to 07.

Read Current Mask Status
(N=000, C=002)

This function is used to write the current mask status for input interrupts 00 to 07
to word D. The corresponding bit will be ON if the input is masked. (Bits 00 to 07
correspond to 00 to 07.)

Set Interrupt Interval
(N=004, C=000)

This function is used to set the interval between scheduled interrupts. The content of D (BCD: 0001 to 9999) is multiplied by the scheduled interrupt time unit
(1 ms or 10 ms) to obtain the scheduled interrupt interval.
The scheduled interrupt time unit is set in DM 6622 of the PC Setup. Refer to
3-6-4 PC Setup for details on setting this time unit.

Set Time to First Interrupt
(N=004, C=001)

This function is used to set the time to the first scheduled interrupt. The content
of D (BCD: 0001 to 9999) is multiplied by the scheduled interrupt time unit (1 ms
or 10 ms) to obtain the time to the first scheduled interrupt. The scheduled interrupt time unit is set in DM 6622 of the PC Setup. Refer to 3-6-4 PC Setup for
details on setting this time unit.
Be sure to set the time to the first interrupt. If this setting is not made, the interval
to the first interrupt (set with N=004, C=000) will be uncertain.
Use the First Cycle Flag (SR 25315) for the execution condition to INT(89) when
setting the time to the first interrupt (C=001). The scheduled interrupt might never occur if the C=001 setting is made continuously.

Read Interrupt Interval
(N=004, C=002)

This function is used to write the current setting for the scheduled interrupt interval to word D.

Mask/Unmasking All
Interrupts (C=100/200)

This function is used to mask or unmask all interrupt processing. Masked inputs
are recorded, but ignored. The masked inputs will be serviced as soon as they
are unmasked. This function masks or unmask all interrupts at the same time
and is independent of the masks created with other functions.
The control data, D, is not used for this function. Set D to #0000.

263

Section 5-23

Subroutines and Interrupt Control
Flags

ER:

Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of :DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)
C, and/or N are not within specified values.

Example 1: Input Interrupt

This example shows how to unmask a particular interrupt input. Input interrupt
subroutines will be executed when the CPU receives the corresponding interrupt input, regardless of the location in the CPU’s cycle. These interrupts are
useful when using program sections of uncertain length, such as event programs.
All input interrupts are masked at the start of operation, and the desired interrupt
input is unmasked using INT(89) with N=000 and C=000. As shown in the following diagram, the subroutine would be executed if there were an input from input
interrupt 00 when that interrupt input was unmasked.
Main program
LD

25315

INT(89)

000
000
#00FE

First Cycle Flag
Only interrupt input
00 is unmasked.

Main program

SBN(92)
Interrupt from
interrupt input 00

00

Subroutine
RET(93)
END(01)

Note Depending on the setting of DM 6621 in the PC Setup, Host Link servicing, Remote I/O servicing, Special I/O Unit servicing, and individual instruction execution will be completed before the subroutine is executed. Refer to page 255 for
details.
Example 2: Scheduled
Interrupt

264

This example shows how to set the interval between scheduled interrupts.
Scheduled interrupt subroutines will be executed at fixed intervals, regardless of
the location in the CPU’s cycle. This interrupt is useful for program sections such
as regular monitoring programs.

Section 5-23

Subroutines and Interrupt Control

The scheduled interrupt is disabled at the start of operation (the scheduled interrupt interval is 0), so the time to the first interrupt and scheduled interrupt interval
must be set using INT(89) with N=004 and C=001/000. In the following diagram,
the subroutine would be executed every 20 ms if the scheduled interrupt time
unit is set to 10 ms in DM 6622 of the PC Setup.
Main program

First Cycle Flag
Sets the time to first
interrupt to 20 ms.

LD

25315

INT(89)

001
004
#0002
000

INT(89)

004
#0002
Sets the scheduled interrupt interval to 20 ms.
Main program

SBN(92)

00

Scheduled interrupt
every 20 ms.

Subroutine
RET(93)
END(01)

Return to program address before interrupt.

Note Depending on the setting of DM 6621 in the PC Setup, Host Link servicing, Remote I/O servicing, Special I/O Unit servicing, and individual instruction execution will be completed before the subroutine is executed. Refer to page 255 for
details.

265

Section 5-24

Step Instructions

5-24 Step Instructions
The step instructions STEP(08) and SNXT(09) are used in conjunction to set up
breakpoints between sections in a large program so that the sections can be executed as units and reset upon completion. A section of program will usually be
defined to correspond to an actual process in the application. (Refer to the application examples later in this section.) A step is like a normal programming code,
except that certain instructions (e.g., IL(02)/ILC(03), JMP(04)/JME(05)) may not
be included.

5-24-1 STEP DEFINE and STEP START–STEP(08)/SNXT(09)
Ladder Symbols

Definer Data Areas
STEP(08)

STEP(08) B

B: Control bit
IR, SR, AR, HR, LR

SNXT(09) B

B: Control bit
IR, SR, AR, HR, LR

Limitations

All control bits must be in the same word and must be consecutive.
IR 29800 to IR 29915 cannot be used for B.

Description

STEP(08) uses a control bit in the IR or HR areas to define the beginning of a
section of the program called a step. STEP(08) does not require an execution
condition, i.e., its execution is controlled through the control bit. To start execution of the step, SNXT(09) is used with the same control bit as used for
STEP(08). If SNXT(09) is executed with an ON execution condition, the step
with the same control bit is executed. If the execution condition is OFF, the step is
not executed. The SNXT(09) instruction must be written into the program so that
it is executed before the program reaches the step it starts. It can be used at different locations before the step to control the step according to two different execution conditions (see example 2, below). Any step in the program that has not
been started with SNXT(09) will not be executed.
Once SNXT(09) is used in the program, step execution will continue until
STEP(08) is executed without a control bit. STEP(08) without a control bit must
be preceded by SNXT(09) with a dummy control bit. The dummy control bit may
be any unused IR or HR bit. It cannot be a control bit used in a STEP(08).

266

Section 5-24

Step Instructions

Execution of a step is completed either by execution of the next SNXT(09) or by
turning OFF the control bit for the step (see example 3 below). When the step is
completed, all of the IR and HR bits in the step are turned OFF. All timers in the
step except TTIM(––) are reset to their SVs. TTIM(––), counters, shift registers,
bits set or reset with SET or RSET, and bits used in KEEP(11) maintain status.
Two simple steps are shown below.

00000
SNXT(09) LR 2000

Starts step execution

STEP(08) LR 2000

Step controlled by LR 2000

1st step

00001
SNXT(09) LR 2001

STEP(08) LR 2001

Step controlled by LR 2001

2nd step

00002
SNXT(09) 2002

STEP(08)

Address

Instruction

00000
00001
00002

LD
SNXT(09)
STEP(08)

Operands

LR
LR

00000
2000
2000

Step controlled by 20200.
00100
00101

LD
SNXT(09)

LR

00001
2001

Address

Instruction

00102

STEP(08)

Ends step execution

Operands
LR

2001

Step controlled by 20201.
00200
00201
00202

LD
SNXT(09)
STEP(08)

LR
---

00002
2002

Steps can be programmed in consecutively. Each step must start with STEP(08)
and generally ends with SNXT(09) (see example 3, below, for an exception).
When steps are programmed in series, three types of execution are possible:
sequential, branching, or parallel. The execution conditions for, and the positioning of, SNXT(09) determine how the steps are executed. The three examples
given below demonstrate these three types of step execution.
Precautions

Interlocks, jumps, SBN(92), and END(01) cannot be used within step programs.
Bits used as control bits must not be used anywhere else in the program unless
they are being used to control the operation of the step (see example 3, below).
All control bits must be in the same word and must be consecutive.
If IR or LR bits are used for control bits, their status will be lost during any power
interruption. If it is necessary to maintain status to resume execution at the same
step, HR bits must be used.

267

Section 5-24

Step Instructions
Flags

25407: Step Start Flag; turns ON for one cycle when STEP(08) is executed and
can be used to reset counters in steps as shown below if necessary.

00000
Start

SNXT(09) 01000
01000
STEP(08) 01000
00100

CP
CNT 01
25407

25407

R

Address

Instruction

00000
00001
00002
00003

LD
SNXT(09)
STEP(08)
LD

Operands
00000
01000
01000
00100

#0003

Address
00004
00005

1 cycle

Instruction

Operands

LD
CNT
#

25407
01
0003

Examples
The following three examples demonstrate the three types of execution control
possible with step programming. Example 1 demonstrates sequential execution; example 2, branching execution; and example 3, parallel execution.
Example 1:
Sequential Execution

The following process requires that three processes, loading, part installation,
and inspection/discharge, be executed in sequence with each process being reset before continuing on the the next process. Various sensors (SW1, SW2,
SW3, and SW4) are positioned to signal when processes are to start and end.

SW 1
SW 4

SW 2
SW 3

Loading

268

Part installation

Inspection/discharge

Section 5-24

Step Instructions

The following diagram demonstrates the flow of processing and the switches
that are used for execution control.
SW1
Process A

Loading
SW2

Process B

Part Installation
SW3

Process C

Inspection/discharge
SW4

269

Section 5-24

Step Instructions

The program for this process, shown below, utilizes the most basic type of step
programming: each step is completed by a unique SNXT(09) that starts the next
step. Each step starts when the switch that indicates the previous step has been
completed turns ON.

00001 (SW1)
SNXT(09) 12800

Process A started.

STEP(08) 12800

Process A

00002 (SW2)
SNXT(09) 12801

Process A reset.
Process B started.

STEP(08) 12801

Process B

00003 (SW3)
SNXT(09) 12802

Process B reset.
Process C started.

STEP(08) 12802

Process C

00004 (SW4)
SNXT(09) 12803

Process C reset.

STEP(08)

Address

Instruction

00000
00001
00002

LD
SNXT(09)
STEP(08)

Operands
00001
12800
12800

Process A
00100
00101
00102

270

LD
SNXT(09)
STEP(08)

00002
12801
12801

Address

Instruction

Operands

Process B
00100
00101
00102

LD
SNXT(09)
STEP(08)

00003
12802
12802

Process C
00200
00201
00202

LD
SNXT(09)
STEP(08)

00004
12803
---

Section 5-24

Step Instructions
Example 2:
Branching Execution

The following process requires that a product is processed in one of two ways,
depending on its weight, before it is printed. The printing process is the same
regardless of which of the first processes is used. Various sensors are positioned to signal when processes are to start and end.
Printer

SW A2

SW A1

SW D

Process A
Process B

SW B1

SW B2

Weight scale

Process C

The following diagram demonstrates the flow of processing and the switches
that are used for execution control. Here, either process A or process B is used
depending on the status of SW A1 and SW B1.

SW B1

SW A1
Process A
SW A2

Process B
SW B2

Process C
SW D
End

271

Section 5-24

Step Instructions

The program for this process, shown below, starts with two SNXT(09) instructions that start processes A and B. Because of the way 00001 (SW A1) and
00002 (SB B1) are programmed, only one of these will be executed to start either
process A or process B. Both of the steps for these processes end with a
SNXT(09) that starts the step for process C.

00001 (SW A1) 00002 (SW B2)
SNXT(09) HR 0000
00001 (SW A1) 00002 (SW B2)
SNXT(09) HR 0001

STEP(08) HR 0000

Process A started.

SNXT(09) HR 0002

Process A reset.
Process C started.

Process A

00003 (SW A2)

STEP(08) HR 0001

Process B

00004 (SW B2)
SNXT(09) HR 0002

Process B reset.
Process C started.

STEP(08) HR 0002

Process C

00005 (SW D)
SNXT(09) HR 0003

Process C reset.

STEP(08)

Address

Instruction

00000
00001
00002
00003
00004
00005
00006

LD
AND NOT
SNXT(09)
LD NOT
AND
SNXT(09)
STEP(08)

Operands

HR

HR
HR

00001
00002
0000
00001
00002
0001
0000

Address

Instruction

Operands

Process B
00100
00101
00102

LD
SNXT(09)
STEP(08)

HR
HR

00004
0002
0002

Process C
Process A
00100
00101
00102

272

LD
SNXT(09)
STEP(08)

HR
HR

00003
0002
0001

00200
00201
00202

LD
SNXT(09)
STEP(08)

HR
---

00005
0003

Step Instructions

Section 5-24

Example 3:
Parallel Execution

The following process requires that two parts of a product pass simultaneously
through two processes each before they are joined together in a fifth process.
Various sensors are positioned to signal when processes are to start and end.
SW1

Process A

SW5

SW3

SW7

Process B
Process E
Process D

Process C
SW2

SW4

SW6

The following diagram demonstrates the flow of processing and the switches
that are used for execution control. Here, process A and process C are started
together. When process A finishes, process B starts; when process C finishes,
process D starts. When both processes B and D have finished, process E starts.

SW 1 and SW2 both ON

Process A

Process C

SW4

SW3
Process B

Process D

SW5 and SW6 both ON
Process E
SW7

End

The program for this operation, shown below, starts with two SNXT(09) instructions that start processes A and C. These instructions branch from the same instruction line and are always executed together, starting steps for both A and C.
When the steps for both A and C have finished, the steps for process B and D
begin immediately.
When both process B and process D have finished (i.e., when the status for both
of them is “ON”, but SW5 and SW6 have turned ON), processes B and D are
reset together by the SNXT(09) at the end of the programming for process B.
Although there is no SNXT(09) at the end of process D, the control bit for it is
turned OFF by executing SNXT(09) LR 0004. This is because the OUT for LR
0003 is in the step reset by SNXT(09) LR 0004, i.e., LR 003 is turned OFF when
SNXT(09) LR 0004 is executed Process B is thus reset directly and process D is
reset indirectly before executing the step for process E.

273

Section 5-24

Step Instructions
00001 (SW1 and SW2))
SNXT(09) LR 0000

Process A started.
Process C started.

SNXT(09) LR 0002

STEP(08) LR 0000

Process A

00002 (SW3)
SNXT(09) LR 0001

Process A reset.
Process B started.

STEP(08) LR 0001

Process B

01101
LR 0003

Used to
turn off
process D.

00004 (SW5 and SW6)
SNXT(09) LR 0004

Process E started.

STEP(08) LR 0002

Process C

00003 (SW4)
SNXT(09) LR 0003

Process C reset.
Process D started.

STEP(08) LR 0003

Process D

STEP(08) LR 0004

Process E

00005 (SW7)
SNXT(09) LR 0005

STEP(08)

274

Process E reset.

Section 5-25

Special Instructions
Address

Instruction

00000
00001
00002
00003

LD
SNXT(09)
SNXT(09)
STEP(08)

Operands
00001
0000
0002
0000

LR
LR
LR

LD
SNXT(09)
STEP(08)

Instruction

00102

STEP(08)

00002
0001
0001

LR
LR

Operands
LR

0002

LR
LR

00003
0003
0003

LR

0004

LR

00005
0005
---

Process C
00200
00201
00202

Process A
00100
00101
00102

Address

LD
SNXT(09)
STEP(08)
Process D

00300

STEP(08)

Process B
Process E
00100
00101
0003
00101
00101

LD
OUT

01101
LR

AND
SNXT(09)

00004
0004

LR

00400
00401
00402

LD
SNXT(09)
STEP(08)

5-25 Special Instructions
The instructions in this section are used for various operations, including programming user error codes and messages, counting ON bits, setting the watchdog timer, and refreshing I/O during program execution.

5-25-1 FAILURE ALARM – FAL(06) and
SEVERE FAILURE ALARM – FALS(07)
Ladder Symbols
FAL(06) N

Definer Data Areas

@FAL(06) N

N: FAL number
# (00 to 99)

N: FAL number

FALS(07) N

# (01 to 99)

Limitations

FAL(06) and FALS(07) share the same FAL numbers. Be sure to use a number
in either FAL(06) or FALS(07), not both.

Description

FAL(06) and FALS(07) are provided so that the programmer can output error
numbers for use in operation, maintenance, and debugging. When executed
with an ON execution condition, either of these instructions will output a FAL
number to bits 00 to 07 of SR 253. The FAL number that is output can be between 01 and 99 and is input as the definer for FAL(06) or FALS(07). FAL(06)
with a definer of 00 is used to reset this area (see below).
FAL Area
25307

25300

X101

X100

275

Section 5-25

Special Instructions

FAL(06) produces a non-fatal error and FAL(07) produces a fatal error. When
FAL(06) is executed with an ON execution condition, the ALARM/ERROR indicator on the front of the CPU will flash, but PC operation will continue. When
FALS(07) is executed with an ON execution condition, the ALARM/ERROR indicator will light and PC operation will stop.
The system also generates error codes to the FAL area.
Resetting Errors

All FAL error codes will be retained in memory, although only one of these is
available in the FAL area. To access the other FAL codes, reset the FAL area by
executing FAL(06) 00. Each time FAL(06) 00 is executed, another FAL error will
be moved to the FAL area, clearing the one that is already there. FAL error codes
are recorded and will be recalled in the following order: First code generated, 9A,
9B, 9D, 8A, 8B, and then 01 to 99.

Clearing Messages

FAL(06) 00 is also used to clear message programmed with the instruction,
MSG(46).
If the FAL area cannot be cleared, as is generally the case when FALS(07) is
executed, first remove the cause of the error and then clear the FAL area through
the Programming Console (see 4-6-5 Clearing Error Messages).

5-25-2 CYCLE TIME – SCAN(18)

Operand Data Areas
Mi: Multiplier (BCD)

Ladder Symbols

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR, #
SCAN(18)

@SCAN(18)

Mi

Mi

000

000

000

000

000: Not used.

000: Not used.

Limitations

Mi must be BCD. Only the rightmost three digits of Mi are used.

Description

SCAN(18) is used to set a minimum cycle time. Mi is the minimum cycle time that
will be set in tenths of milliseconds, e.g., if Mi is 1200, the minimum cycle time will
be 120.0 ms. The possible setting range is from 000.0 to 999.9 seconds.
If the actual cycle time is less than the cycle time set with SCAN(18) the CPU will
wait until the designated time has elapsed before starting the next cycle. If the
actual cycle time is greater than the set time, the set time will be ignored and the
program will be executed to completion.

Flags

ER:

Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of :DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)
Mi is not BCD.

276

Section 5-25

Special Instructions

5-25-3 TRACE MEMORY SAMPLING – TRSM(45)
Data tracing can be used to facilitate debugging programs. To set up and use
data tracing it is necessary to have a host computer running LSS; no data
tracing is possible from a Programming Console. Data tracing is described in
detail in the LSS Operation Manual. This section shows the ladder symbol for
TRSM(45) and gives an example program.
Ladder Symbol
TRSM(45)
Description

TRSM(45) is used in the program to mark locations where specified data is to be
stored in Trace Memory. Up to 12 bits and up to 3 words may be designated for
tracing (refer to the LSS Operation Manual for details).
TRSM(45) is not controlled by an execution condition, but rather by two bits
in the AR area: AR 2515 and AR 2514. AR 2515 is the Sampling Start bit.
This bit is turned ON to start the sampling processes for tracing. The Sampling Start bit must not be turned ON from the program, i.e., it must be turned
ON only from the peripheral device. AR 2514 is the Trace Start bit. When it is
set, the specified data is recorded in Trace Memory. The Trace Start bit can
be set either from the program or from the Programming Device. A positive
or negative delay can also be set to alter the actual point from which tracing
will begin.
Data can be recorded in any of three ways. TRSM(45) can be placed at one
or more locations in the program to indicate where the specified data is to be
traced. If TRSM(45) is not used, the specified data will be traced when
END(01) is executed. The third method involves setting a timer interval from
the peripheral devices so that the specified data will be tracing at a regular
interval independent of the cycle time (refer to the LSS Operation Manual).
TRSM(45) can be incorporated anywhere in a program, any number of times.
The data in the trace memory can then be monitored via a Programming
Console, host computer, etc.

AR Control Bits and Flags

The following control bits and flags are used during data tracing. The Tracing
Flag will be ON during tracing operations. The Trace Completed Flag will turn
ON when enough data has been traced to fill Trace Memory.
Flag

Function

AR 2515

Sampling Start Bit

AR 2514

Trace Start Bit

AR 2513

Tracing Flag

AR 2512

Trace Completed Flag

Precautions

If TRSM(45) occurs TRSM(45) will not be executed within a JMP(08) – JME(09)
block when the jump condition is OFF.

Example

The following example shows the basic program and operation for data tracing.
Force set the Sampling Start Bit (AR 2515) to begin sampling. The Sampling
Start Bit must not be turned ON from the program. The data is read and stored
into trace memory.
When IR 00000 is ON, the Trace Start Bit (AR 2514) is also turned ON, and the
CPU looks at the delay and marks the trace memory accordingly. This can mean
that some of the samples already made will be recorded as the trace memory
(negative delay), or that more samples will be made before they are recorded
(positive delay).

277

Section 5-25

Special Instructions

The sampled data is written to trace memory, jumping to the beginning of the
memory area once the end has been reached and continuing up to the start
marker. This might mean that previously recorded data (i.e., data from this sample that falls before the start marker) is overwritten (this is especially true if the
delay is positive). The negative delay cannot be such that the required data was
executed before sampling was started.
00000

AR
2514

TRSM(45)

AR 2513 ON when tracing

Instruction

00000
00001
00002
00003

LD
OUT
TRSM(45)
LD

Operands

AR

0000
2514

AR

2513

Address
00004
00005
00006

Designates point for
tracing.

00200

Indicates that tracing is in
progress.

00201

Indicates that tracing has
been completed.

AR 2512 ON when trace is complete

Address

Starts data tracing.

Instruction
OUT
LD
OUT

Operands

AR

00200
2512
00201

5-25-4 MESSAGE DISPLAY – MSG(46)
Ladder Symbols

Operand Data Areas

MSG(46)

@MSG(46)

FM

FM

FM: First message word
IR, AR, DM, HR, LR

Limitations

FM and FM+7 must be in the same data area.

Description

When executed with an ON execution condition, MSG(46) reads eight words of
extended ASCII code from FM to FM+7 and displays the message on the Programming Console. The displayed message can be up to 16 characters long,
i.e., each ASCII character code requires eight bits (two digits). Refer to Appendix
I for the extended ASCII codes. Japanese katakana characters are included in
this code.
If not all eight words are required for the message, it can be stopped at any point
by inputting “OD”. When OD is encountered in a message, no more words will be
read and the words that normally would be used for the message can be used for
other purposes.

Message Buffering and
Priority

Up to three messages can be buffered in memory. Once stored in the buffer, they
are displayed on a first in, first out basis. Since it is possible that more than three
MSG(46)s may be executed within a single cycle, there is a priority scheme,
based on the area where the messages are stored, for the selection of those
messages to be buffered.
The priority of the data areas is as follows for message display:
LR > IR (I/O) > IR (not I/O) > HR > AR > TC > DM
In handling messages from the same area, those with the lowest address values have higher priority.

278

Section 5-25

Special Instructions

In handling indirectly addressed messages (i.e. :DM), those with the
lowest DM address values have higher priority.
Clearing Messages

To clear a message, execute FAL(06) 00 or clear it via a Programming Console
using the procedure in 4-6-5 Clearing Error Messages.
If the message data changes while the message is being displayed, the display
will also change.

Flags

ER:

Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of :DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)

Example

The following example shows the display that would be produced for the instruction and data given when 00000 was ON. If 00001 goes ON, a message will be
cleared.

00000

Address

Instruction

Operands

MSG(46)
DM 0010
00001

00000
00001

LD
MSG(46)

00002
00003

LD
FAL(06)

DM

FAL(06) 00

DM contents

00000
0010
00001
00

ASCII
equivalent

DM 0010

4

1

4

2

A

B

DM 0011

4

3

4

4

C

D

DM 0012

4

5

4

6

E

F

DM 0013

4

7

4

8

G

H

DM 0014

4

9

4

A

I

J

DM 0015

4

B

4

C

K

L

DM 0016

4

D

4

E

M

N

DM 0017

4

F

5

0

O

P

MSG
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOP

5-25-5 LONG MESSAGE – LMSG(47)
Operand Data Areas
S: First source word (ASCII)

Ladder Symbols

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR
LMSG(47)

@LMSG(47)

S

S

---

---

---

---

---: Not used.

Limitations

Set to 000
---: Not used.
Set to 000

S through S+15 must be in the same data area and must be in ASCII. The message will be truncated if a null character (00) is contained between S and S+15.
IR 298 and IR 299 cannot be used for S.

279

Section 5-25

Special Instructions
Description

LMSG(47) is used to output a 32-character message to a Programming Console. The message to be output must be in ASCII beginning in word S and ending in S+15, unless a shorter message is desired. A shorter message can be produced by placing a null character (00) into the string; no characters from the null
character on will be output.
To output to the Programming Console, it must be set in TERMINAL mode. Although LMSG(47) will be executed as normal, the message will not appear correctly on the Programming Console unless TERMINAL mode is set. Refer to
5-25-6 TERMINAL MODE – TERM(48) for details on switching to TERMINAL
mode.
When pin 6 of the CPU’s DIP switch is OFF, the Programming Console can be
switched to TERMINAL mode by pressing the CHG Key or by executing
TERM(48) in the program. When pin 6 of the CPU’s DIP switch is ON, the Programming Console can be switched to Expansion TERMINAL mode by turning
on bit AR 0709.

Flags

ER:

S and S+15 are not in the same data area.
Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of :DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)

Example

Although the display is longer and there is a choice of output devices, the coding
for LMSG(47) is the same as that for MSG(46). Refer to Example under the previous section for an example using MSG(46).

5-25-6 TERMINAL MODE – TERM(48)
Ladder Symbols

Description

TERM(48)

@TERM(48)

000

000

000

000

000

000

When the execution condition is OFF, TERM(48) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, TERM(48) switches the Programming Console to TERMINAL mode. (Instructions MSG(46), LMSG(47), and the keyboard mapping
function are executed in TERMINAL mode.)
The Programming Console will return to CONSOLE mode when the CHG key is
pressed again. There is no instruction that returns the Programming Console to
CONSOLE mode from the program.
The Programming Console can also be switched to TERMINAL mode by pressing the CHG key on the Programming Console before inputting the password or
when the mode is being displayed provided that pin 6 of the CPU’s DIP switch is
OFF. The Programming Console will return to CONSOLE mode when the CHG
key is pressed again.
When pin 6 of the CPU’s DIP switch is ON, the Programming Console can be
switched to Expansion TERMINAL mode by turning on bit AR 0709.

280

Section 5-25

Special Instructions
Example

In the following example, TERM(48) is used to switch the Programming Console
to TERMINAL mode when 00000 is ON. Be sure that pin 6 of the CPU’s DIP
switch is OFF.

00000

Address

Instruction

00000
00001

LD
TERM(48)

Operands

TERM(48)
000
000

00000
000
000
000

000

5-25-7 WATCHDOG TIMER REFRESH – WDT(94)
Ladder Symbols
WDT(94) T

Definer Data Areas

@WDT(94) T

T: Watchdog timer value
# (00 to 63)

Description

When the execution condition is OFF, WDT(94) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, WDT(94) extends the setting of the watchdog timer (normally set by the system to 130 ms) by 100 ms times T.
Timer extension = 100 ms x T.

Precautions

If the cycle time is longer than the time set for the watchdog timer, 9F will be output to the FAL area and the CPU will stop.
If the cycle time exceeds 6,500 ms, a FALS 9F will be generated and the system
will stop.
Timers might not function properly when the cycle time exceeds 100 ms. When
using WDT(94), the same timer should be repeated in the program at intervals
that are less than 100 ms apart. TIMH(15) should be used only in a scheduled
interrupt routine executed at intervals of 10 ms or less.

Flags

There are no flags affected by this instruction.

5-25-8 I/O REFRESH – IORF(97)
Ladder Symbol

Operand Data Areas
St: Starting word

IORF(97)
IR 000 to IR 049
St
E: End word
E

IR 000 to IR 049

Limitations

IORF(97) can be used to refresh I/O words allocated to only I/O Units (IR 000 to
IR 039) and Special I/O Units (IR 100 to IR 199) mounted to the CPU or Expansion I/O Racks. It cannot be used for other I/O words, such as I/O Units on Slaves
Racks or Group-2 High-density I/O Units.
St must be less than or equal to E.

Description

To refresh I/O words allocated to CPU or Expansion I/O Racks (IR 000 to
IR 030), simply indicate the first (St) and last (E) I/O words to be refreshed.
When the execution condition for IORF(97) is ON, all words between St and E
will be refreshed. This will be in addition to the normal I/O refresh performed during the CPU’s cycle.

281

Section 5-25

Special Instructions

To refresh I/O words allocated to Special I/O Units (IR 100 to IR 199), indicate the
unit numbers of the Units by designating IR 040 to IR 049 (see note). IR 040 to
IR 049 correspond to Special I/O Units 0 to 9. For example, set St to IR 043 and E
to IR 045 to refresh the I/O words allocated to Special I/O Units 3, 4, and 5. The
I/O words allocated to those Units (IR 130 to IR 159) will be refreshed when
IORF(97) is executed.This will be in addition to the normal I/O refresh performed
during the CPU’s cycle.
Note I/O will not be refreshed if IORF(97) is executed for any of the following Units:
• Group-2 High-density I/O Units
• I/O Units or Special I/O Units mounted to Slave Racks (in Remote I/O Systems)
• Optical I/O Units (in Remote I/O Systems)
Refer to 5-25-9 GROUP-2 HIGH-DENSITY I/O REFRESH – MPRF(61) for details on refreshing words allocated to Group-2 High-density I/O Units.
Execution Time

When Basic I/O Units are specified, the execution time for IORF(97) is computed
as follows:
TIORF = instruction execution time + Input Unit I/O refresh time
+ Output Unit I/O refresh time
= 0.13 ms + 0.02 ms × (no. of 8-pt Units + no. of 16-pt Units × 2)
+ 0.02 ms × (no. of 5- and 8-pt Units + no. of 12-/16-pt Units × 2)
When Special I/O Units are specified, the execution time for IORF(97) is computed as follows:
TIORF =
instruction execution time + ∑(Special I/O Unit I/O refresh
times)
The instruction execution time is 0.1 ms. Refer to 6-1 Cycle Time for I/O refresh times for Special I/O Units.

Flags

There are no flags affected by this instruction.

5-25-9 GROUP-2 HIGH-DENSITY I/O REFRESH – MPRF(61)
Ladder Symbol

Operand Data Areas
St: Starting Unit

MPRF(61)
#0000 to #0009
St
E: End Unit
E

#0000 to #0009

---

Limitations

MPRF(61) can be used to refresh I/O words allocated to Group-2 High-density
I/O Units (IR 030 to IR 049) only. It cannot be used for other I/O words.
St and E must be between #0000 and #0009. St must be less than or equal to E.

Description

When the execution condition is OFF, MPRF(61) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, the I/O words allocated to Group-2 High-density I/O
Units with I/O numbers St through E will be refreshed.This will be in addition to
the normal I/O refresh performed during the CPU’s cycle.
It is not possible to specify the I/O words by address, only by the I/O number of
the Unit to which they are allocated.

Execution Time

The execution time for MPRF(61) is computed as follows:
Instruction execution time
TMPRF =
+ ∑(Group-2 High-density I/O Unit I/O refresh times)

282

Section 5-25

Special Instructions

Refer to 6-1 Cycle Time for a table showing I/O refresh times for Group-2
High-density I/O Units.
Flags

ER:

St or E is not BCD between #0000 and #0009.
St is greater than E.

5-25-10 BIT COUNTER – BCNT(67)
Operand Data Areas

Ladder Symbols

N: Number of words (BCD)
BCNT(67)

@BCNT(67)

N

N

SB

SB

D

D

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR, #
SB: Source beginning word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR
D: Destination word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR

Limitations

N must be BCD between 0000 and 6656.

Description

When the execution condition is OFF, BCNT(67) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, BCNT(67) counts the total number of bits that are ON in
all words between SB and SB+(N–1) and places the result in D.

Flags

ER:

N is not BCD, or N is 0; SB and SB+(N–1) are not in the same area.
The resulting count value exceeds 9999.
Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of :DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)

EQ:

ON when the result is 0.

5-25-11 FRAME CHECKSUM – FCS(––)
Operand Data Areas

Ladder Symbols
FCS(––)

@FCS(––)

C

C

R1

R1

D

D

C: Control data
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR
R1: First word in range
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR
D: First destination word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR

Description

FCS(––) can be used to check for errors when transferring data through communications ports.
When the execution condition is OFF, FCS(––) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, FCS(––) calculates the frame checksum of the specified range by exclusively ORing either the contents of words R1 to R1+N–1 or the
bytes in words R1 to R1+N–1. The frame checksum value (hexadecimal) is then
converted to ASCII and output to the destination words (D and D+1).

283

Section 5-25

Special Instructions

The function of bits in C are shown in the following diagram and explained in
more detail below.

C:

15 14 13 12 11

00
Number of items in range (N, BCD)
001 to 999 words or bytes
First byte (when bit 13 is ON)
1 (ON): Rightmost
0 (OFF): Leftmost
Calculation units
1 (ON): Bytes
0 (OFF): Words

Not used. Set to zero.

Number of Items in Range

The number of items within the range (N) is contained in the 3 rightmost digits of
C, which must be BCD between 001 and 999.

Calculation Units

The frame checksum of words will be calculated if bit 13 is OFF and the frame
checksum of bytes will be calculated if bit 13 is ON.
If bytes are specified, the range can begin with the leftmost or rightmost byte of
R1. The leftmost byte of R1 will not be included if bit 12 is ON.

R1
R1+1
R1+2
R1+3

MSB
1
3
5
7

LSB
2
4
6
8

When bit 12 is OFF the bytes will be ORed in this order: 1, 2, 3, 4, ....
When bit 12 is ON the bytes will be ORed in this order: 2, 3, 4, 5, ....
Conversion to ASCII

The byte frame checksum calculation yields a 2-digit hexadecimal value which is
converted to its 4-digit ASCII equivalent. The word frame checksum calculation
yields a 4-digit hexadecimal value which is converted to its 8-digit ASCII equivalent, as shown below.

Byte frame checksum value

Word frame checksum value

4A

F10B

D

Flags

ER:

3 4 4 1

D+1

4 6 3 1

3 0 4 2

Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of :DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)
The number of items is not 001 to 999 BCD.

284

D

Section 5-25

Special Instructions
Example

When IR 00000 is ON in the following example, the frame checksum (0008) is
calculated for the 8 words from DM 0000 to DM 0007 and the ASCII equivalent
(30 30 30 38) is written to DM 0011 and DM 0010.
00000
@FCS(––)

Address

Instruction

00000
00001

LD
@FCS(––)

#0008
DM 0000

Operands
00000
#
DM
DM

DM 0010

DM 0000
DM 0001
DM 0002
DM 0003
DM 0004
DM 0005
DM 0006
DM 0007

0001
0002
0003
0004
0005
0006
0007
0008

0008
0000
0010

FCS
calculation
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
0

0

0

8
ASCII code
conversion

DM 0011 3 0 3 0

DM 0010 3 0 3 8

5-25-12 FAILURE POINT DETECTION – FPD(––)
Ladder Symbols

Operand Data Areas
C: Control data

FPD(––)
#
C
T: Monitoring time (BCD)
T

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC. LR, #

D

D: First register word
IR, AR, DM, HR, LR

Limitations

D and D+8 must be in the same data area when bit 15 of C is ON.
C must be input as a constant.

Description

FPD(––) can be used in the program as many times as desired, but each must
use a different D. It is used to monitor the time between the execution of FPD(––)
and the execution of a diagnostic output. If the time exceeds T, an FAL(06) nonfatal error will be generated with the FAL number specified in C.
The program sections marked by dashed lines in the following diagram can be
written according to the needs of the particular program application. The processing programming section triggered by CY is optional and can used any instructions but LD and LD NOT. The logic diagnostic instructions and execution condition can consist of any combination of NC or NO conditions desired.
Execution
condition

Branch
FPD(––)
C
T
D
SR 25504
(CY Flag)
Processing after
error detection.

Logic
diagnostic
instructions

Diagnostic
output

285

Section 5-25

Special Instructions

When the execution condition is OFF, FPD(––) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, FPD(––) monitors the time until the logic diagnostics
condition goes ON, turning ON the diagnostic output. If this time exceeds T, the
following will occur:

1, 2, 3...

1. An FAL(06) error is generated with the FAL number specified in the first two
digits of C. If 00 is specified, however, an error will not be generated.
2. The logic diagnostic instructions are searched for the first OFF input condition and this condition’s bit address is output to the destination words beginning at D.
3. The CY Flag (SR 25504) is turned ON. An error processing program section
can be executed using the CY Flag if desired.
4. If bit 15 of C is ON, a preset message with up to 8 ASCII characters will be
displayed on the Peripheral Device along with the bit address mentioned in
step 2.

Control Data

The function of the control data bits in C are shown in the following diagram.
C: 15 14

08 07

Not used. Set to zero.

00
FAL number
(2-digit BCD, 00 to 99)

Diagnostics output
0 (OFF): Bit address output (binary)
1 (ON): Bit address and message output (ASCII)

Logic Diagnostic Instructions If the time until the logic diagnostics condition goes ON exceeds T, the logic diagnostic instructions are searched for the OFF input condition. If more than one
input condition is OFF, the input condition on the highest instruction line and
nearest the left bus bar is selected.
00000

00002

00001

00003

Diagnostic
output

When IR 00000 to IR 00003 are ON, the normally closed condition IR 00002
would be found as the cause of the diagnostic output not turning ON.
Diagnostics Output

There are two ways to output the bit address of the OFF condition detected in the
logic diagnostics condition.

1, 2, 3...

1. Bit address output (used when bit 15 of C is OFF).
Bit 15 of D indicates whether or not bit address information is stored in D+1.
If there is, bit 14 of D indicates whether the input condition is normally open
or closed.
D: 15 14 13

00

Not used.
Input condition
0 (OFF): Normally open
1 (ON): Normally closed
Bit address information
0 (OFF): Not recorded in D+1.
1 (ON): Recorded in D+1.

286

Section 5-25

Special Instructions

D+1 contains the bit address code of the input condition, as shown below.
The word addresses, bit numbers, and TC numbers are in binary.
Data
aa
A
Area

D+1 bit status
15

14

13

12

11

10

09

IR, SR
(see
note c)

1

0

0

0

Word address

08

07

06

05

04

Bit number

03

02

01

1

0

1

0

Word address

Bit number

HR

1

0

0

1

1

Word address

Bit number

LR

1

0

0

1

0

0

Word address

Bit number

TC*

1

0

0

1

0

1

*

00

Timer or counter number

Note a) *For the TC area, bit 09 of D+1 indicates whether the number is a
timer or counter. A 0 indicates a timer, and a 1 indicates a counter.
b) The status of the leftmost bit of the bit number (bit 03) is reversed.
c) Although the same word address designations are used for both
ranges, bit 13 is turned OFF to indicate IR 00000 through SR
25515 and turned ON to indicate SR 25600 through IR 51115
Example: If D + 1 contains 1000 0110 0100 1000, IR 10000 would be indicated as follows:
1000 0110 0100 1000
IR

$64 = 100

Bit 00 (inverting status of bit 03)

2. Bit address and message output (used when bit 15 of C is ON).
Bit 15 of D indicates whether or not there is bit address information stored in
D+1 to D+3. If there is, bit 14 of D indicates whether the input condition is
normally open or closed. Refer to the following table.
Words D+5 to D+8 contain information in ASCII that are displayed on a Peripheral Device along with the bit address when FPD(––) is executed.
Words D+5 to D+8 contain the message preset by the user as shown in the
following table.
Word

Bits 15 to 08

Bits 07 to 00

D+1

20 = space

First ASCII character of bit address

D+2

Second ASCII character of bit address

Third ASCII character of bit address

D+3

Fourth ASCII character of bit address

Fifth ASCII character of bit address

D+4

2D = “–”

“0”=normally open,
“1”=normally closed

D+5

First ASCII character of message

Second ASCII character of message

D+6

Third ASCII character of message

Fourth ASCII character of message

D+7

Fifth ASCII character of message

Sixth ASCII character of message

D+8

Seventh ASCII character of message

Eighth ASCII character of message

Note If 8 characters are not needed in the message, input “0D” after the
last character.
Determining Monitoring Time The procedure below can be used to automatically set the monitoring time, T,
under actual operating conditions when specifying a word operand for T. This
operation cannot be used if a constant is set for T.

1, 2, 3...

1.
2.
3.
4.

Switch the C200HS to MONITOR Mode operation.
Connect a Peripheral Device, such as a Programming Console.
Use the Peripheral Device to turn ON control bit AR 2508.
Execute the program with AR 2508 turned ON. If the monitoring time currently in T is exceeded, 1.5 times the actual monitoring time will be stored in
T. FAL(06) errors will not occur while AR 2508 is ON.
5. Turn OFF AR 2508 when an acceptable value has been stored in T.

287

Section 5-25

Special Instructions
Example

In the following example, the FPD(––) is set to display the bit address and message (“ABC”) when a monitoring time of 123.4 s is exceeded.

SR 25315
MOV(21)

Address

Instruction

Operands

#4142

00000
00001

HR 15

LD
MOV(21)

SR 25315
MOV(21)
#430D

00002
00003

HR 16

FPD(––)

00004
00005

#1234

LD
FPD(––)

HR 10
SR 25504
(CY Flag)
INC(38)
DM 0100
10000

00006
00007

AND
INC(38)

00008
00009
00010
00011
00012
00013

LD
OR
LD NOT
OR NOT
AND LD
OUT

10002
LR 0015

10001

10003

#
HR

4142
15
25315

#
HR
LR

430D
16
0000

#
#
HR

8010
1234
10
25504

DM

0100
10000
10001
10002
10003

LR

0015

LD
MOV(21)

LR 0000
#8010

25315

FPD(––) is executed and begins monitoring when LR 0000 goes ON. If LR 0015
does not turn ON within 123.4 s and IR 10000 through IR 10003 are all ON,
IR 10002 will be selected as the cause of the error, an FAL(06) error will be generated with an FAL number of 10, and the bit address and preset message
(“10002–1ABC”) will be displayed on the Peripheral Device.
HR 10
HR 11
HR 12
HR 13
HR 14
HR 15
HR 16
HR 17
HR 18

Flags

0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
4142
430D
0000
0000

HR 10
HR 11
HR 12
HR 13
HR 14
HR 15
HR 16
HR 17
HR 18

ER:

C000
2031
3030
3032
2D31
4142
430D
0000
0000

Indicates information, normally closed condition
“1”
“00”
“02”
“–1”
“AB”
“C”, and CR code
The last two words are ignored.
(Displayed as spaces.)

T is not BCD.
C is not a constant or the rightmost two digits of C are not BCD 00 to 99.
Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of :DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)

CY:

288

ON when the time between the execution of FPD(––) and the execution
of a diagnostic output exceeds T.

Section 5-25

Special Instructions

5-25-13 DATA SEARCH – SRCH(––)
Ladder Symbols

Operand Data Areas
N: Number of words

SRCH(––)

@SRCH(––)

N

N

R1

R1

C

C

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR, #
R1: First word in range
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR
C: Comparison data, result word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR

Limitations

N must be BCD between 0001 to 6656.
R1 and R1+N–1 must be in the same data area.

Description

When the execution condition is OFF, SRCH(––) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, SRCH(––) searches the range of memory from R1 to
R1+N–1 for addresses that contain the comparison data in C. If one or more addresses contain the comparison data, the EQ Flag (SR 25506) is turned ON and
the lowest address containing the comparison data is identified in C+1. The address is identified differently for the DM area:

1, 2, 3...

Flags

1. For an address in the DM area, the word address is written to C+1. For example, if the lowest address containing the comparison data is DM 0114,
then #0114 is written in C+1.
2. For an address in another data area, the number of addresses from the beginning of the search is written to C+1. For example, if the lowest address
containing the comparison data is IR 114 and the first word in the search
range is IR 014, then #0100 is written in C+1.
If none of addresses in the range contain the comparison data, the EQ Flag (SR
25506) is turned OFF and C+1 is left unchanged.
ER:

Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of :DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)
N is not BCD between 0001 and 6655.

EQ:

ON when the comparison data has been matched in the search range.

289

Section 5-25

Special Instructions
Example

In the following example, the 10 word range from DM 0010 to DM 0019 is
searched for addresses that contain the same data as DM 0000 (#FFFF). Since
DM 0012 contains the same data, the EQ Flag (SR 25506) is turned ON and
#0012 is written to DM 0001.
00001

Address

@SRCH(––)

00000
00001

#0010
DM 0010

Instruction
LD
@SRCH(––)

00001
#
DM
DM

DM 0000

DM 0010
DM 0011
DM 0012
DM 0013
DM 0014
DM 0015
DM 0016
DM 0017
DM 0018
DM 0019

Operands

0000
9898
FFFF
9797
AAAA
9595
1414
0000
0000
FFFF

DM 0000
DM 0001

0010
0010
0000

FFFF
0012

5-25-14 EXPANSION DM READ – XDMR(––)
Ladder Symbols

Operand Data Areas
N: Number of words

XDMR(––)

@XDMR(––)

N

N

S

S

D

D

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR, #
S: First expansion DM word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR, #
D: First destination word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR

Limitations

N must be BCD between 0001 and 3000.
S must be BCD between 7000 and 9999.
S and S+N–1 must be in the same data area, as must D and D+N–1.

Description

When the execution condition is OFF, XDMR(––) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, XDMR(––) copies the contents of expansion DM words S
through S+N–1 to the destination words D through D+N–1.

Precautions

The Expansion DM area must be set in the PC Setup before it can be used in
programming. Do not exceed the set range of the Expansion DM area.
Execution of XDMR(––) is given priority whenever a power interruption occurs.

Flags

ER:

The specified expansion DM words are non-existent. Make sure that
the specified words have been allocated to expansion DM. Refer to
7-1-15 UM Area Allocation for details.
Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of *DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)
N is not BCD between 0001 and 3000.
S is not BCD between 7000 and 9999.

290

Section 5-26

Network Instructions
Example

In the following example, the 100 word range from DM 7000 through DM 7099 is
copied to DM 0010 through DM 0109 when IR 00001 is ON.
00001

Address

@XDMR(––)

00000
00001

#0100
#7000

Instruction

Operands

LD
@XDMR(––)

00001
#
#
DM

DM 0010

0100
7000
0010

DM 7000 to DM 7099
DM 7000

DM 9999

DM 0010 to DM 0109

DM 0000

DM 6143

5-26 Network Instructions
The SYSMAC NET Link/SYSMAC LINK instructions are used for communicating with other PCs linked through the SYSMAC NET Link System or SYSMAC
LINK System. These instructions are applicable to the C200H-CPU31-E and
CPU33-E only.

5-26-1 NETWORK SEND – SEND(90)
Operand Data Areas

Ladder Symbols

S: Source beginning word
SEND(90)

@SEND(90)

S

S

D

D

C

C

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR
D: Destination beginning word
IR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR
C: First control data word
IR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR

Limitations

Can be performed with the CPU31-E/33-E only. C through C+2 must be within
the same data area and must be within the values specified below. To be able to
use SEND(90), the system must have a SYSMAC NET Link or SYSMAC LINK
Unit mounted.

Description

When the execution condition is OFF, SEND(90) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, SEND(90) transfers data beginning at word S, to addresses specified by D in the designated node on the SYSMAC NET Link/SYSMAC LINK System. The control words, beginning with C, specify the number of
words to be sent, the destination node, and other parameters. The contents of
the control data depends on whether a transmission is being sent in a SYSMAC
NET Link System or a SYSMAC LINK System.

291

Section 5-26

Network Instructions

The status of bit 15 of C+1 determines whether the instruction is for a SYSMAC
NET Link System or a SYSMAC LINK System.

Control Data
SYSMAC NET Link Systems

The destination port number is always set to 0. Set the destination node number
to 0 to send the data to all nodes. Set the network number to 0 to send data to a
node on the same Subsystem (i.e., network). Refer to the SYSMAC NET Link
System Manual for details.
Word
C
C+1

Bits 00 to 07
Bits 08 to 15
Number of words (0 to 1000 in 4-digit hexadecimal, i.e., 0000hex to 03E8hex)
Network number (0 to 127 in 2-digit Bit 14 ON: Operating level 0
hexadecimal, i.e., 00hex to 7Fhex)
OFF: Operating level 1
Bits 08 to 13 and 15: Set to 0.

C+2

Destination node (0 to 126 in 2-digit Destination port
hexadecimal, i.e., 00hex to 7Ehex)* NSB: 00
NSU: 01/02

*The node number of the PC executing the send may be set.

SYSMAC LINK Systems

Set the destination node number to 0 to send the data to all nodes. Refer to the
SYSMAC LINK System Manual for details.
Word
C
C+1

Bits 00 to 07
Bits 08 to 15
Number of words (0 to 256 in 4-digit hexadecimal, i.e., 0000hex to 0100hex)
Response time limit (0.1 and 25.4
Bits 08 to 11:
seconds in 2-digit hexadecimal
No. of retries (0 to 15 in
without decimal point, i.e., 00hex to
hexadecimal,
FFhex)
i.e., 0hex to Fhex)
Note: The response time will be Bit 12: Set to 0.
2 seconds if the limit is set to 0hex. Bit 13 ON: Response not returned.
OFF: Response returned.
There will be no time limit if the
Bit
14
ON:
Operating level 0
time limit is set to FFhex.
OFF: Operating level 1
Bit 15: Set to 1.

C+2

Destination node (0 to 62 in 2-digit
hexadecimal, i.e., 00hex to 3Ehex)*

Set to 0.

*The node number of the PC executing the send cannot be set.

Examples

This example is for a SYSMAC NET Link System. When 00000 is ON, the following program transfers the content of IR 001 through IR 005 to LR 20 through LR
24 on node 10.

00000

Address

Instruction

00000
00001

LD
SEND(90)

Operands

SEND(90)
001
LR 20
DM 0010

15

LR
DM
Node 10

0

DM 0010

0

0

0

5

IR 001

LR 20

DM 0011

0

0

0

0

IR 002

LR 21

DM 0012

0

0

0

A

IR 003

LR 22

IR 004

LR 23

IR 005

LR 24

292

00000
001
20
0010

Section 5-26

Network Instructions
Flags

ER:

The specified node number is greater than 126 in a SYSMAC NET Link
System or greater than 62 in a SYSMAC LINK System.
The sent data overruns the data area boundaries.
Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of :DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)
There is no SYSMAC NET Link/SYSMAC LINK Unit.

5-26-2 NETWORK RECEIVE – RECV(98)

Operand Data Areas

Ladder Symbols

S: Source beginning word
RECV(98)

@RECV(98)

S

S

D

D

C

C

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR
D: Destination beginning word
IR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR
C: First control data word
IR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR

Limitations

Can be performed with the CPU31-E/33-E only. C through C+2 must be within
the same data area and must be within the values specified below. To be able to
use RECV(98), the system must have a SYSMAC NET Link or SYSMAC LINK
Unit mounted.

Description

When the execution condition is OFF, RECV(98) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, RECV(98) transfers data beginning at S from a node on
the SYSMAC NET Link/SYSMAC LINK System to words beginning at D. The
control words, beginning with C, provide the number of words to be received, the
source node, and other transfer parameters.
The status of bit 15 of C+1 determines whether the instruction is for a SYSMAC
NET Link System or a SYSMAC LINK System.

Control Data
SYSMAC NET Link Systems

The source port number is always set to 0. Set the network number to 0 to receive data to a node on the same Subsystem (i.e., network). Refer to the SYSMAC NET Link System Manual for details.
Word
C
C+1

C+2

Bits 00 to 07
Bits 08 to 15
Number of words (0 to 1000 in 4-digit hexadecimal, i.e., 0000hex to 03E8hex)
Network number (0 to 127 in 2-digit Bit 14 ON: Operating level 0
hexadecimal, i.e., 00hex to 7Fhex)
OFF: Operating level 1
Bits 08 to 13 and 15:
Set to 0.
Source node (1 to 126 in 2-digit
Source port
hexadecimal, i.e., 01hex to 7Ehex)
NSB: 00
NSU: 01/02

293

Section 5-26

Network Instructions
Refer to the SYSMAC LINK System Manual for details.

SYSMAC LINK Systems

Word
C

Bits 00 to 07
Bits 08 to 15
Number of words (0 to 256 in 4-digit hexadecimal, i.e., 0000hex to 0100hex)

C+1

Response time limit (0.1 and 25.4
seconds in 2-digit hexadecimal
without decimal point, i.e., 00hex to
FFhex)
Note: The response time will be
2 seconds if the limit is set to 0hex.
There will be no time limit if the
time limit is set to FFhex.

C+2

Examples

Source node (0 to 62 in 2-digit
hexadecimal, i.e., 00hex to 3Ehex)

Bits 08 to 11:
No. of retries (0
to 15 in
hexadecimal,
i.e., 0hex to Fhex)
Bit 12: Set to 0.
Bit 13: Set to 0.
Bit 14 ON: Operating level 0
OFF: Operating level 1
Bit 15: Set to 1.
Set to 0.

This example is for a SYSMAC NET Link System. When 00000 is ON, the following program transfers the content of IR 001 through IR 005 to LR 20 through LR
24 on node 10.

00000

Address

Instruction

00000
00001

LD
RECV(98)

Operands

RECV(98)
001
LR 20
DM 0010

15

LR
DM

001
20
0010

Node 10

0

DM 0010

0

0

0

5

IR 001

LR 20

DM 0011

0

0

0

0

IR 002

LR 21

DM 0012

0

0

0

A

IR 003

LR 22

IR 004

LR 23

IR 005

LR 24

Flags

00000

ER:

The specified node number is greater than 126 in a SYSMAC NET Link
System or greater than 62 in a SYSMAC LINK System.
The received data overflows the data area boundaries.
Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of :DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)
There is no SYSMAC NET Link/SYSMAC LINK Unit.

294

Section 5-26

Network Instructions

5-26-3 About Network Communications
SEND(90) and RECV(98) are based on command/response processing. That
is, the transmission is not complete until the sending node receives and acknowledges a response from the destination node. Note that the
SEND(90)/RECV(98) Enable Flag is not turned ON until the first END(01) after
the transmission is completed. Refer to the SYSMAC NET Link System Manual
or SYSMAC LINK System Manual for details about command/response operations.
If multiple SEND(90)/RECV(98) operations are used, the following flags must be
used to ensure that any previous operation has completed before attempting
further send/receive SEND(90)/RECV(98) operations
SR Flag
SEND(90)/RECV(98)
Enable Flags
(SR 25201, SR 25204)

Functions
OFF during SEND(90)/RECV(98) execution (including
command response processing). Do not start a
SEND(90)/RECV(98) operation unless this flag is ON.

SEND(90)/RECV(98)
Error Flags
(SR 25200, SR 25203)

OFF following normal completion of SEND/RECV (i.e.,
after reception of response signal)
ON after an unsuccessful SEND(90)/RECV(98) attempt.
Error status is maintained until the next
SEND(90)/RECV(98) operation.
Error types:
Time-out error (command/response time greater than 1
second)
Transmission data errors

Timing
Successful
send/receive
execution
Send/receive
error
Instruction
received

Transmission
completes
normally

Instruction Transmission
received error

Instruction
received

Data Processing for
SEND(90)/RECV(98)

Data is transmitted for SEND(90) and RECV(98) for all PCs when
SEND(90)/RECV(98) is executed. Final processing for transmissions/receptions is performed during servicing of peripheral devices and Link Units.

Programming Example:
Multiple
SEND(90)/RECV(98)

To ensure successful SEND(90)/RECV(98) operations, your program must use
the SEND(90)/RECV(98) Enable Flags and SEND(90)/RECV(98) Error Flags to
confirm that execution is possible. The following program shows one example of
how to do this for a SYSMAC NET Link System.

295

Section 5-26

Network Instructions
SEND(90)/RECV(98) Enable Flag
00000

25204

12802
S
KEEP(11)

12801

12800 prevents execution of SEND(90) until
RECV(98) (below) has completed. IR 00000
is turned ON to start transmission.

12800

R
12800

@MOV(21)
#000A
DM 0000
@MOV(21)
#0000
DM 0001
@MOV(21)
#0003
DM 0002

Data is placed into control data words to
specify the 10 words to be transmitted to
node 3 in operating level 1 of network 00
(NSB).

XFER(70)
#0010
000
DM 0010
@SEND(90)
DM 0010
DM 0020
DM 0000

SEND(90)/RECV(98) Error Flag
12800

25203
00200

12800

25204
DIFU(13)

00001

25204

12801

KEEP(11)
12803

12802

R
25204

Resets 12800, above.

12800
S

12802

Turns ON to indicate transmission error.

12802 prevents execution of RECV(98)
when SEND(90) above has not completed.
IR 00001 is turned ON to start transmission.

25203
XFER(70)

Transmitted data moved into words
beginning at DM 0030 for storage.

#0016
000
DM 0030
12802
@MOV(21)
#0010
DM 0003
@MOV(21)
#0000
DM 0004

Data moved into control data words to
specify the 16 words to be transmitted from
node 126 in operating level 1 of network 00
(NSB).

@MOV(21)
#007E
DM 0005
@RECV(98)
HR 10
LR 10

SEND(90)/RECV(98) Error Flag
12802

DM 0003

25203
00201

12802

25204
DIFU(13)

296

Turns ON to indicate reception error.

12803

Resets 12802, above.

Section 5-27

Serial Communications Instructions
Address

Instruction

00000
00001
00002
00003
00004
00005
00006

LD
AND
AND NOT
LD
KEEP(11)
LD
@MOV(21)

00007

00008

00009

Operands
00000
25204
12802
12801
12800
12800
#
DM

000A
0000

#
DM

0000
0001

#
DM

0003
00002

Operands

AND NOT
LD
KEEP(11)
LD
AND
AND NOT
XFER(70)

12800
12803
12802
12802
25204
25203
#
DM

00026
00027

LD
@MOV(21)

@MOV(21)
00028

0010
000
0002

00029

LD
AND
OUT
LD
AND
DIFU(13)
LD
AND

0010
0020
0000
12800
25203
00200
12800
25204
12801
00001
25204

00030

00031
00032
00033
00034
00035
00036

#
DM

0010
0003

#
DM

0000
0004

#
DM

007E
0005

HR
LR
DM

10
10
0003
12802
25203
00201
12802
25204
12803

@MOV(21)

@SEND(90)
DM
DM
DM

0016
000
0030
12802

@MOV(21)

@XFER(70)

DM

00011
00012
00013
00014
00015
00016
00017
00018

00019
00020
00021
00022
00023
00024
00025

Instruction

@MOV(21)

#

00010

Address

@RECV(98)

LD
AND
OUT
LD
AND
DIFU(13)

5-27 Serial Communications Instructions
5-27-1 RECEIVE – RXD(––)
Operand Data Areas

Ladder Symbols

D: First destination word
RXD(––)

@RXD(––)

D

D

C

C

N

N

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR
C: Control word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR, #
N: Number of bytes
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR, #

Limitations

D and D+(N÷2)–1 must be in the same data area.
N must be BCD from #0000 to #0256. (#0000 to #0061 in host link mode)

Description

When the execution condition is OFF, RXD(––) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, RXD(––) reads N bytes of data received at the peripheral
port, and then writes that data in words D to D+(N÷2)–1. Up to 256 bytes of data
can be read at one time.
If fewer than N bytes are received, the amount received will be read.

297

Section 5-27

Serial Communications Instructions

Note RXD(––) is required to receive data via the peripheral port or RS-232C port only.
Transmission sent from a host computer to a Host Link Unit are processed automatically and do not need to be programmed.
! Caution

The PC will be incapable of receiving more data once 256 bytes have been received if received
data is not read using RXD(––). Read data as soon as possible after the Reception Completed
Flag is turned ON (SR 26414 for peripheral port).

Control Word
Digit number:

The value of the control word determines the port from which data will be read
and the order in which data will be written to memory.
3 2 1 0

Byte order

0: Most significant bytes first
1: Least significant bytes first

Not used. (Set to 00.)
Port

0: RS-232C port (C200HS-CPU21-E/23-E/31-E/CPU33-E)
1: Peripheral port

The order in which data is written to memory depends on the value of digit 0 of C.
Eight bytes of data 12345678... will be written in the following manner:
Digit 0 = 0

D
D+1
D+2
D+3

Flags

ER:

MSB
1
3
5
7

Digit 0 = 1
LSB
2
4
6
8

D
D+1
D+2
D+3

MSB
2
4
6
8

LSB
1
3
5
7

The CPU is not equipped with an RS-232C port.
Another device is not connected to the specified port.
There is an error in the communications settings (PC Setup) or the operand settings.
Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of *DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)
The destination words (D to D+(N÷2)–1) exceed the data area.

Peripheral Port
26414: SR 26414 will be turned ON when data has been received normally at
the peripheral port and will be reset when the data is read using
RXD(––) is executed.
266:
SR 266 contains the number of bytes received at the peripheral port and
is reset to 0000 when RXD(––) is executed.
RS-232C Port
26406: SR 26406 will be turned ON when data has been received normally at
the peripheral port and will be reset when the data is read using
RXD(––) is executed.
265:
SR 265 contains the number of bytes received at the RS-232C port and
is reset to 0000 when RXD(––) is executed.
Note Communications flags and counters can be cleared either by specifying 0000 for
N or using the Port Reset Bit (SR 25208 for peripheral port and SR 25209 for
RS-232C port).

298

Section 5-27

Serial Communications Instructions

5-27-2 TRANSMIT – TXD(––)
Operand Data Areas

Ladder Symbols

S: First source word
TXD(––)

@TXD(––)

S

S

C

C

N

N

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR
C: Control word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR, #
N: Number of bytes
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR, #

Limitations

S and S+(N÷2)–1 must be in the same data area.
N must be BCD from #0000 to #0256. (#0000 to #0061 in host link mode)

Description

When the execution condition is OFF, TXD(––) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, TXD(––) reads N bytes of data from words S to
S+(N÷2)–1, converts it to ASCII, and outputs the data from the specified port.
TXD(––) operates differently in host link mode and RS-232C mode, so these
modes are described separately.
Note The following flags will be ON to indicate that communications are possible
through the various ports. Be sure the corresponding flag is ON before executing
TXD(––).
SR 26405:
SR 26413:
SR 26705:
SR 26713:

Host Link Mode

RS-232C port
Peripheral port
Host Link Unit #0
Host Link Unit #1

N must be BCD from #0000 to #0061 (i.e., up to 122 bytes of ASCII). The value of
the control word determines the port from which data will be output, as shown
below.
Digit number:

3 2 1 0
Byte order

0: Most significant bytes first
1: Least significant bytes first

Not used. (Set to 00.)
Port

0: Specifies RS-232C port
(C200HS-CPU21-E/23-E/31-E/CPU33-E).
1: Specifies peripheral port.
2: Specifies Host Link Unit #0
3: Specifies Host Link Unit #1

The specified number of bytes will be read from S through S+(N/2)–1, converted
to ASCII, and transmitted through the specified port. The bytes of source data
shown below will be transmitted in this order: 12345678...

S
S+1
S+2
S+3

MSB
1
3
5
7

LSB
2
4
6
8

299

Section 5-27

Serial Communications Instructions

The following diagram shows the format for host link command (TXD) sent from
the C200HS. The C200HS automatically attaches the prefixes and suffixes,
such as the node number, header, and FCS.
@ X

X

Node
number

X

X

X

X

.........

X

Header
Data (122 ASCII characters max.)
code (EX)

X

X

FCS

∗

CR

Terminator

RS-232C Mode

N must be BCD from #0000 to #0256. The value of the control word determines
the port from which data will be output and the order in which data will be written
to memory.

Control Word

The value of the control word determines the port from which data will be read
and the order in which data will be written to memory.
Digit number:

3 2 1 0
Byte order

0: Most significant bytes first
1: Least significant bytes first

Not used. (Set to 00.)
Port

0: Specifies RS-232C port
(C200HS-CPU21-E/23-E/31-E/CPU33-E).
1: Specifies peripheral port.

The specified number of bytes will be read from S through S+(NP2)–1 and transmitted through the specified port.
S
S+1
S+2
S+3

MSB
1
3
5
7

LSB
2
4
6
8

When digit 0 of C is 0, the bytes of source data shown above will be transmitted in
this order: 12345678...
When digit 0 of C is 1, the bytes of source data shown above will be transmitted in
this order: 21436587...
Note When start and end codes are specified the total data length should be 256 bytes
max., including the start and end codes.
Flags

ER:

Another device is not connected to the peripheral port.
There is an error in the communications settings (PC Setup) or the operand settings.
Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of *DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)
The source words (S to S+(N÷2)–1) exceed the data area.

26405: RS-232C Port Communications Enabled Flag
26413: Peripheral Port Communications Enabled Flag
26705: Host Link Unit #0 Communications Enabled Flag
26713: Host Link Unit #1 Communications Enabled Flag

300

Section 5-28

Advanced I/O Instructions

5-28 Advanced I/O Instructions
Advanced I/O instructions enable control, with a single instruction, of previously
complex operations involving external I/O devices (digital switches, 7-segment
displays, etc.).
There are five advanced I/O instructions, as shown in the following table. All of
these are expansion instructions and must be assigned to function codes before
they can be used.
Name

Mnemonic

Function

7-SEGMENT DISPLAY OUTPUT

7SEG(––)

BCD output to 7-segment display
Data input from a digital switch

DIGITAL SWITCH INPUT

DSW(––)

HEXADECIMAL KEY INPUT

HKY(––)

TEN-KEY INPUT

TKY(––)

Hexadecimal input from 16-key
keypad
BCD input from 10-key keypad

MATRIX INPUT

MTR(––)

Data input from an 8 x 8 matrix

Although TKY(––) is used only to simplify programming, the other advanced I/O
instructions can be used to shorten cycle time, reduce the need for Special I/O
Units, and reduce system cost. With the exception of TKY(––), however, the advanced I/O instructions can only be used once each in the program and cannot
be used for I/O Units mounted to Slave Racks, where Special I/O Units must be
used.

5-28-1 7-SEGMENT DISPLAY OUTPUT – 7SEG(––)
Ladder Symbols

Operand Data Areas
S: First source word

7SEG(––)
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, TC, LR
S
O: Output word
O
IR, SR, AR, HR, LR
C

C: Control data
000 to 007

Limitations

S and S+1 must be in the same data area.
Do not set C to values other than 000 to 007.

Overview

When the execution condition is OFF, 7SEG(––) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, 7SEG(––) reads the source data (either 4 or 8-digit), converts it to 7-segment display data, and outputs that data to the 7-segment display
connected to the output indicated by O.
The value of C indicates the number of digits of source data and the logic for the
Input and Output Units, as shown in the following table.
Source data
4 digits
g ((S))

Display’s data input logic
Same as Output Unit
Different from Output Unit

8 digits
g
(S S
1)
(S,
S+1)

Same as Output Unit
Different from Output Unit

Display’s latch input logic
Same as Output Unit
Different from Output Unit
Same as Output Unit
Different from Output Unit
Same as Output Unit
Different from Output Unit
Same as Output Unit
Different from Output Unit

C
0000
0001
0002
0003
0004
0005
0006
0007

301

Section 5-28

Advanced I/O Instructions

If there are 8 digits of source data, they are placed in S and S+1, with the most
significant digits placed in S+1. If there are 4 digits of source data, they are
placed in S.
7SEG(––) displays the 4 or 8-digit data in 12 cycles, and then starts over and
continues displaying the data.
The 7-segment display must provide four data lines and one latch signal line for
each display digit.
Note

1. Consider the cycle time and the characteristics of the 7-segment display
when designing the system.
2. Output bits not used here can be used as ordinary output bits.

Precautions

I/O refreshing must be performed for all I/O points used by 7SEG(––) each time it
is executed to ensure effective operation. The I/O REFRESH instruction must
thus be used with 7SEG(––) whenever 7SEG(––) is used in a subroutine to ensure that the I/O points are refreshed each execution. Refer to page 315 for an
example of this type of programming.
7SEG(––) will be executed from the first cycle whenever program execution is
started, including restarts made after power interruptions.
Do not use 7SEG(––) more than once in the program.
7SEG(––) cannot be used for I/O Units mounted to Slave Racks.

Hardware

This instruction outputs word data to a 7-segment display. It utilizes either 8 output bits for 4 digits or 12 output bits for 8 digits. The 7-segment display is connected to an Output Unit as shown in the diagram below. For 4-digit display, the
data outputs (D0 to D3) are connected to output points 0 through 3 (allocated
word O), and latch outputs (CS0 to CS3) are connected to output points 4
through 7. Output point 12 (for 8-digit display) or output point 8 (for 4-digit display) will be turned ON when one round of data is displayed, but there is no need
to connect them unless required by the application.
D0
D1
D2
D3
LE3

LE2

VDD
(+)
VSS
(0)
LE1
LE0

VDD
(+)
VSS
(0)
LE3

LE2

LE1

D0
D1
D2
D3
LE0
OD212
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
DC
COM

The outputs must be connected from an Output Unit with 8 or more output points
for four digits or 16 or more output points for eight digits. Basic Output, Special
I/O, or High-density Output Units can be used.
Note

302

1. Output Unit outputs normally employ negative logic. (Only the PNP output
type employs positive logic.)

Section 5-28

Advanced I/O Instructions

2. The 7-segment display may require either positive or negative logic, depending on the model.
3. The 7-segment display must have 4 data signal lines and 1 latch signal line
for each digit.
Using the Instruction

If the first word holding the data to be displayed is specified at S, and the output
word is specified at O, and the SV taken from the table below is specified at C,
then operation will proceed as shown below when the program is executed. If
only four digits are displayed, then only word S will be used.
Data Storage Format
Leftmost 4 digits

Rightmost 4 digits

S+1
Timing

The timing of data output is shown in the following table. “O” is the first word holding display data and “C” is the output word.
Bit(s) in O

Function

(4 digits,
1 block)

Output
p status ((Data and latch logic
g depends
p
on C))

(4 digits,
2 blocks)

00 to 03

00 to 03
04 to 07

Latch output 0

04

08

Latch output 1

05

09

Latch output 2

06

10

Latch output 3

07

11

One Round Flag

08

12

Data output

S

100

0

1

2

101

3

4

5

102

6

7

8

103

9

Note 0 to 3: Data output for word S
4 to 7: Data output for word S+1

10 11 12

12 cycles required to complete one round

Application Example

This example shows a program for displaying 8-digit BCD numbers at a 7-segment LED display. Assume that the 7-segment display is connected to output
word IR 100. Also assume that the Output Unit is using negative logic, and that
the 7-segment display logic is also negative for data signals and latch signals.
25313 (Always ON)
7SEG(––)
DM0120
100
004

The 8-digit BCD data in DM 0120 (rightmost 4 digits) and DM 0121 (leftmost 4
digits) are always displayed by means of 7SEG(––). When the contents of
DM 0120 and DM 0121 change, the display will also change.
Flags

ER:

S and S+1 are not in the same data area. (When set to display 8-digit
data.)
Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of *DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)
There is an error in operand settings.

25409: SR 25409 will be ON while 7SEG(––) is being executed.

303

Section 5-28

Advanced I/O Instructions

5-28-2 DIGITAL SWITCH INPUT – DSW(––)
Ladder Symbols

Operand Data Areas
IW: Input word

DSW(––)
IR, SR, AR, HR, LR
IW
OW: Output word
OW
R

IR, SR, AR, HR, LR
R: First result word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR

Overview

DSW(––) is used to read the value set on a digital switch connected to I/O Units.
When the execution condition is OFF, DSW(––) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, DSW(––) reads the 8-digit value set on the digital switch
from IW and places the result in R.
The 8-digit value it is placed in R and R+1, with the most significant digits placed
in R+1.
DSW(––) reads the 8-digit value in 20 executions, and then starts over and continues reading the data.
The digital switch must provide four data lines and one latch signal line and read
signal line for each digit being input.

Precautions

I/O refreshing must be performed for all I/O points used by DSW(––) each time it
is executed to ensure effective operation. The I/O REFRESH instruction must
thus be used with DSW(––) whenever DSW(––) is used in a subroutine to ensure that the I/O points are refreshed each execution. Refer to page 315 for an
example of this type of programming.
DSW(––) will be executed from the first cycle whenever program execution is
started, including restarts made after power interruptions.
Do not use DSW(––) more than once in the program.
DSW(––) cannot be used for I/O Units mounted to Slave Racks.
Note Input and output bits not used here can be used as ordinary input and output bits.

304

Section 5-28

Advanced I/O Instructions
Hardware

With this instruction, 8-digit BCD set values are read from a digital switch.
DSW(––) utilizes 5 output bits and 8 input bits. Connect the digital switch and the
Input and Output Units as shown in the diagram below. Output point 5 will be
turned ON when one round of data is read, but there is no need to connect output
point 5 unless required for the application.
ID212
1
3
5
7
9
11
13
15
COM

0

Input Unit
D0
D1
D2
D3
D0
D1
D2
D3
CS0
CS1
CS2
CS3
RD

2
4
6
8
10
12
14

3
5
7
9
11
13
15
COM

D0
D1
D2
D3
D0
D1
D2
D3
CS0
CS1
CS2
CS3
RD

A7E data line rightmost digits
A7E
A7E data line
leftmost digits

Leftmost digits

Rightmost digits

To A7E chip selection
To A7E RD terminal

COM

Note An interface to convert signals from 5 V to 24 V is
required to connect an A7E digital switch.

OD212
1

Interface

0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
COM

Output Unit

305

Section 5-28

Advanced I/O Instructions

The following example illustrates connections for an A7B Thumbwheel Switch.
ID212

Input Unit

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

A7B
Thumbwheel
Switch

10
11
12

8 4 2 1

13
14

OD212

15
COM
COM

Switch no. 8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

C

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14

Output Unit

15
DC
COM

Note The data read signal is not required in the example.

The inputs must be connected to a DC Input Unit with 8 or more input points and
the outputs must be connected from a Transistor Output Unit with 8 or more output points.

306

Section 5-28

Advanced I/O Instructions
Using the Instruction

If the input word for connecting the digital switch is specified at for word A, and
the output word is specified for word B, then operation will proceed as shown
below when the program is executed.

IW
Four digits: 00 to 03
100

101

102

Input data
Leftmost
4 digits

103

Eight digits: 00 to 03, 04 to 07
Wd 0

D+1

Rightmost
4 digits
D

00
When only 4 digits are read,
only word D is used.

01

CS signal

02
03
04

RD (read) signal

05

1 Round Flag
0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10 11 12 13 14 15 16

16 cycles to complete one round of execution

Application Example

This example shows a program for reading 8 digits in BCD from the digital
switch. Assume that the digital switch is connected to IR 000 (input) and IR 100
(output).
00015

10005
05000

05000

05000
DSW
000
100
HR51
10005
@MOV(21)
HR51
DM0000

When IR 00015 turns ON, the IR 05000 will hold itself ON until the One Round
Flag (IR 10005) turns ON upon completion of one round of reading by DSW(––).
The data set from the digital switch by DSW(––) is stored in HR 51.
When the One Round Flag (10005) turns ON after reading has been completed,
the number stored in HR 51 is transferred to DM 0000.
Flags

ER:

Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of *DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)
R and R+1 are not in the same data area.

25410: ON while DSW(––) is being executed.

307

Section 5-28

Advanced I/O Instructions

5-28-3 HEXADECIMAL KEY INPUT – HKY(––)

Ladder Symbols

Operand Data Areas
IW: Input word

HKY(––)
IR, SR, AR, HR, LR
IW
OW: Control signal output word
OW
D

IR, SR, AR, HR, LR
D: First register word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR

Limitations

D and D+2 must be in the same data area.

Overview

When the execution condition is OFF, HKY(––) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, HKY(––) inputs data from a hexadecimal keypad connected to the input indicated by IW. The data is input in two ways:

1, 2, 3...

1. An 8-digit shift register is created in D and D+1. When a key is pressed on
the hexadecimal keypad, the corresponding hexadecimal digit is shifted into
the least significant digit of D. The other digits of D, D+1 are shifted left and
the most significant digit of D+1 is lost.
2. The bits of D+2 and bit 4 of OW indicate key input. When one of the keys on
the keypad (0 to F) is being pressed, the corresponding bit in D+2 (00 to 15)
and bit 4 of OW are turned ON.

Note

1. When one of the keypad keys is being pressed, input from the other keys is
disabled.
2. Input and output bits not used here can be used as ordinary input and output
bits.
With this instruction, one key input is read in 4 to 13 cycles. More than one cycle
is required because the ON keys can only be determined as the outputs are
turned ON to test them.
The hexadecimal key input device must be connectable in a 4 x 4 matrix.

Precautions

I/O refreshing must be performed for all I/O points used by HKY(––) each time it
is executed to ensure effective operation. The I/O REFRESH instruction must
thus be used with HKY(––) whenever HKY(––) is used in a subroutine to ensure
that the I/O points are refreshed each execution. Refer to page 315 for an example of this type of programming.
HKY(––) will be executed from the first cycle whenever program execution is
started, including restarts made after power interruptions.
Do not use HKY(––) more than once in the program.
HKY(––) cannot be used for I/O Units mounted to Slave Racks.

308

Section 5-28

Advanced I/O Instructions
Hardware

This instruction inputs 8 digits in hexadecimal from a hexadecimal keyboard. It
utilizes 5 output bits and 4 input bits. Prepare the hexadecimal keyboard, and
connect the 0 to F numeric key switches, as shown below, to input points 0
through 3 and output points 0 through 3. Output point 4 will be turned ON while
any key is being pressed, but there is no need to connect it unless required by
the application.
C

D

E

F

8

9

A

B

OD212
0
1
2
3

4

5

6

7

4
5

0

1

2

3

6
7

ID212

8
9

0
1

10
11

2
3
4
5

12
13
14
15

6
7

COM
COM

8
9
10
11

Output Unit
12

13
14
15
COM
COM

Input Unit

The inputs connected to the input terminals must be on a DC Input Unit with 8 or
more input points and the outputs connected to the output terminals must be
from a Transistor Output Unit with 8 points or more.

309

Section 5-28

Advanced I/O Instructions
Using the Instruction

If the input word for connecting the hexadecimal keyboard is specified at word A,
and the output word is specified at word B, then operation will proceed as shown
below when the program is executed.

IW
00
01
02
03
16-key
0
to
9
to
F

16-key selection
control signals

Status of 16 keys

D+2
00
to
09
to
15
OW
04

Turn ON flags corresponding to input
keys (The flags remain ON until the
next input.)
ON for a 12-cycle
period if a key is
pressed.

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 101112
Once per 12 cycles

Flags

0000

0000

0000

000F

0000

00F9

D+1

D

D+1

D

D+1

D

ER:

Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of :DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)
D and D+2 are not in the same data area.

SR 25408:
Example

ON while HKY(––) is being executed.

This example shows a program for inputting numbers from a hexadecimal keyboard. Assume that the hexadecimal keyboard is connected to IR 000 (input)
and IR 100 (output).

25313 (Always ON)
HKY(––)
000
100
DM1000
00015
@XFER(70)
#0002
DM1000
DM0000

The hexadecimal key information that is input to IR 000 by HKY(––) is converted
to hexadecimal and stored in words DM1000 and DM1001.
IR 00015 is used as an “ENTER key”, and when IR 00015 turns ON, the numbers
stored in DM 1000 and DM 1001 are transferred to DM 0000 and DM 0001.

310

Section 5-28

Advanced I/O Instructions

5-28-4 TEN KEY INPUT – TKY(––)
Ladder Symbols

Operand Data Areas
IW: Input word

TKY(––)
IR, SR, AR, HR, LR
IW
D1: First register word
D1

IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR

D2

D2: Key input word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR

Limitations

D1 and D1+1 must be in the same data area.

Overview

When the execution condition is OFF, TKY(––) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, TKY(––) inputs data from a ten-key keypad connected to
the input indicated by IW. The data is input in two ways:
TKY(––) can be used in several locations in the program by changing the input
word, IW.

1, 2, 3...

1. An 8-digit shift register is created in D1 and D1+1. When a key is pressed on
the ten-key keypad, the corresponding BCD digit is shifted into the least significant digit of D1. The other digits of D1, D1+1 are shifted left and the most
significant digit of D1+1 is lost.
2. The first ten bits of D2 indicate key input. When one of the keys on the keypad (0 to 9) is being pressed, the corresponding bit of D2 (00 to 09) is turned
ON.

Note

1. While one key is being pressed, input from other keys will not be accepted.
2. If more than eight digits are input, digits will be deleted beginning with the
leftmost digit.
3. Input bits not used here can be used as ordinary input bits.

Hardware

This instruction inputs 8 digits in BCD from a 10-key keypad and uses 10 input
points. Prepare a 10-key keypad, and connect it so that the switches for numeric
keys 0 through 9 are input to points 0 through 9 as shown in the following diagram. The inputs on a DC Input Unit with 16 or more input points can be used.
ID212

0

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

9

11
12
13

10-key

14
15
COM
COM

0V

DC Input Unit

311

Section 5-28

Advanced I/O Instructions
Using the Instruction

If the input word for connecting the 10-key keypad is specified for IW, then operation will proceed as shown below when the program is executed.

IW
D1+1

00
Before
execution

01
02

D1

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

1

Input from 10-key

to

(1)

09
“1” key input
D2
(2)
00

0

0

0

0

0

01
Turn ON flags corresponding to 10-key
inputs (The flags remain ON until the
next input.)

02
to

1

0

“0” key input
(3)

0

0

0

0

0

1

0

2

“2” key input

09
(4)

0

0

0

0

1

0

2

9

ON if a key is pressed.

10
(1)

Flags

0

(2)

(3)

“9” key input

(4)

ER:

Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of :DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)
D1 and D1+1 are not in the same data area.

Example

In this example, a program for inputting numbers from the 10-key is shown. Assume that the 10-key is connected to IR 000.

25313 (Always ON)
TKY(––)
000
DM1000
DM1002
00015
@XFER(70)
#0002
DM1000
DM 0000

The 10-key information input to IR 000 using TKY(––) is converted to BCD and
stored in DM 1000 and DM 1001. Key information is stored in DM 1002.
IR 00015 is used as an “ENTER key”, and when IR 00015 turns ON, the data
stored in DM 1000 and DM 1001 will be transferred to DM 0000 and DM 0001.

312

Section 5-28

Advanced I/O Instructions

5-28-5 MATRIX INPUT – MTR(––)
Ladder Symbols

Operand Data Areas
IW: Input word

MTR(––)
IR, SR, AR, HR, LR
IW
OW: Output word
OW

IR, SR, AR, HR, LR

D

D: First destination word
IR, SR, AR, DM, HR, LR

Limitations

D and D+3 must be in the same data area.

Overview

When the execution condition is OFF, MTR(––) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, MTR(––) inputs data from an 8 × 8 matrix and records
that data in D to D+3. Data for all 64 points in the matrix will be recorded even
when fewer than 64 keys are connected.

00
01
OW bits 00 to 07
(for Output Unit
outputs 00 to 07)

02
03
04
05
06
07

Bit 08 is turned ON to indicate that the entire matrix
has been read.

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

40

41

42

43

44

45

46

47

48

49

50

51

52

53

54

55

56

57

58

59

60

61

62

63

08
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07
IW bits 00 to 07
(for Input Unit inputs 00 to 07)

Key input data is written
to D through D+3 (see
table below).

A selection signal is output to OW bits 00 to 07 consecutively for 3 cycles. Only
one output bit will be turned on at a time. Bit 08 of OW is turned ON for 3 cycles
after 07 to indicate when each round of reading the matrix has been completed.
When one of the 64 keys is pressed, an input will be received at one of the input
bits. The key that was pressed is identified by comparing the output bit to which
the signal was output and input bit at which it was received.
When an key input is detected, the corresponding bit in D through D+3 is turned
ON. The following table shows the correspondence between keys and bits in D
through D+3.
Word

Bits

Corresponding Keys

D

00 to 15

0 to 15

D+1

00 to15

16 to 31

D+2

00 to 15

32 to 47

D+3

00 to 15

48 to 63

313

Section 5-28

Advanced I/O Instructions
Hardware

This instruction inputs up to 64 signals from an 8 x 8 matrix using 8 input points
and 8 output points. Any 8 x 8 matrix can be used. The inputs must be connected
through a DC Input Unit with 8 or more points and the outputs must be connected
through a Transistor Output Unit with 8 or more points. The basic wiring and timing diagrams for MTR(––) are shown below.
Wiring
8th row

7th row
A8 A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0
B9 B8 B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0

1st row

A9 A8 A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0

ID 211 I/O Unit

Timing Diagram

00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
00
32
64
00
32
64
06

Matrix select signal

Matrix status

Bits indicating
input status
One-round Flag (bit
08 of output word)
Each round completed in 24 executions

Precautions

The 64 keys can be divided into 8 rows (including a row for OW bit 08) which are
scanned consecutively. Since each row is scanned for 3 cycles, a delay of up to
25 cycles can occur before a given row of keys is scanned for inputs.
I/O refreshing must be performed for all I/O points used by MTR(––) each time it
is executed to ensure effective operation. The I/O REFRESH instruction must
thus be used with MTR(––) whenever MTR(––) is used in a subroutine to ensure
that the I/O points are refreshed each execution.
MTR(––) will be executed from the first cycle whenever program execution is
started, including restarts made after power interruptions.
SR 25403, which is turned on while MTR(––) is being executed, is reset in an
interlocked program section and MTR(––) is not executed in an interlocked program section.
Do not use MTR(––) more than once in the program.
MTR(––) cannot be used for I/O Units mounted to Slave Racks.

314

Section 5-28

Advanced I/O Instructions
Example

The following examples shows programming MTR(––) in a scheduled subroutine, where IORF(97) is programmed to ensure that the I/O words used by
MTR(––) are refreshed each time MTR(––) is executed.
INT(89)
001
004
# 0002
INT(89)
000
004
# 0002

SBN(92)

99

MTR(––)
S
D1
D2

IORF(97)
D1
D2
RET(93)
END(01)

Flags

ER:

Indirectly addressed DM word is non-existent. (Content of :DM word is
not BCD, or the DM area boundary has been exceeded.)

25403: SR 25403 is ON while MTR(––) is being executed.

315

SECTION 6
Program Execution Timing
The timing of various operations must be considered both when writing and debugging a program. The time required to execute the program and perform other CPU operations is important, as is the timing of each signal coming into and leaving the
PC in order to achieve the desired control action at the right time. This section explains the cycle and shows how to calculate
the cycle time and I/O response times.
6-1
6-2

6-3
6-4

Cycle Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Calculating Cycle Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6-2-1
PC with I/O Units Only . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6-2-2
PC with Link Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Instruction Execution Times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
I/O Response Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6-4-1
Basic Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6-4-2
Remote I/O Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6-4-3
Host Link Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6-4-4
PC Link Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6-4-5
One-to-one Link I/O Response Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6-4-6
Interrupt Response Times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

318
322
322
323
324
333
333
334
336
337
339
341

317

Cycle Time

6-1

Section 6-1

Cycle Time
To aid in PC operation, the average, maximum, and minimum cycle times can be
displayed on the Programming Console or any other Programming Device and
the maximum cycle time and current cycle time values are held in AR 26 and
AR 27. Understanding the operations that occur during the cycle and the elements that affect cycle time is, however, essential to effective programming and
PC operations.
The major factors in determining program timing are the cycle time and the I/O
response time. One run through all required CPU operations is called a cycle;
the time required for each cycle is called the cycle time.
The overall flow of the CPU operation is as shown in the following flowchart.

318

Section 6-1

Cycle Time
Flowchart of CPU Operation

Power application

Clears IR area and
resets all timers
Initialization
on power-up
Checks I/O Unit connections

Resets watchdog timer

Checks hardware and
Program Memory

Overseeing
processes

NO
Check OK?

YES
Resets watchdog timer and
program address counter

Sets error flags and turns
ON or flashes indicator

ERROR
(Solid ON)

Program
execution

Executes user program

ALARM/ERROR
ALARM
(Flashing)

End of program?

Note A minimum cycle
time can be set
either in DM 6619
of the PC Setup
or by executing
SCAN(18).

NO

YES
Minimum
cycle time?

NO

YES

Resets watchdog timer and waits
until the set cycle time has elapsed

Cycle time
calculation

PC
cycle
time

Calculates cycle time

Resets watchdog timer
I/O
refreshing
Refreshes input bits
and output signals

Services RS-232C
port

RS-232C port
servicing

Services Host Link

Host Link Unit
servicing

Services Peripheral Devices

Peripheral
device
servicing

Services SYSMAC LINK and
SYSMAC NET Link Units

SYSMAC LINK
and SYSMAC
NET Link Unit
servicing

319

Section 6-1

Cycle Time

The first three operations immediately after power application are performed
only once each time the PC is turned on. The rest of the operations are performed in cyclic fashion. The cycle time is the time that is required for the CPU to
complete one of these cycles. This cycle includes basically eight types of operation.

1, 2, 3...

1. Overseeing
2. Program execution
3. Cycle time calculation
4. I/O refreshing
5. Host Link Unit servicing
6. RS-232C port servicing
7. Peripheral Device servicing
8. SYSMAC NET/SYSMAC LINK servicing.
The cycle time is the total time required for the PC to perform all of the above
operations. The time required for operation 3, cycle time calculation, is negligible and can be ignored in actual calculations

Operation
1. Overseeing
2. Program
execution

3. Cycle time
calculation

4. I/O refreshing

Time required
0.7 ms
Total execution time for all instructions varies
with program size, the instructions used, and
execution conditions. Refer to 6-3 Instruction
Execution Times for details.
Negligible, but a wait can be generated to
bring the cycle time up to the minimum setting if one has been made.
Total of following times:
20 µs per input byte (8 points). 20 µs per
output byte. (12-point Output Units calculated as 16 points.)
PC Link Unit I/O refresh time.
Special I/O Unit refresh time.
1.1 ms per Remote I/O Master Unit +
0.17 ms per I/O word used on Slave Racks.

Function
Watchdog timer set. I/O Bus, Program
Memory checked. Clock refreshed.
Program executed.

Cycle time calculated. When the CYCLE
TIME instruction (SCAN(18)) is executed,
waits until the set time has elapsed and
then resets the watchdog timer.
Input bits set according to status of input
signals. Output signals sent according to
status of output bits in memory.
Inputs and Outputs in Remote I/O Systems
refreshed.
Special I/O Units serviced.
Group-2 High-density I/O Units serviced.

Group-2 (High-density) I/O Unit refresh time.
Refer to the tables below for details on PC
Link, Special I/O Unit, and Group-2 Highdensity I/O Unit refresh times.
5. Host Link Unit
servicing

6 ms per Unit max.

6. RS-232C port
servicing
(except CPU01-E/03-E)

0 ms when no device is connected.

7. Peripheral device
servicing
8. SYSMAC NET/
SYSMAC LINK
servicing
(CPU31-E/33-E only)

320

Commands from computers connected
through Rack-mounting Host Link Units
processed.

Communications with devices connected
T x 0.05, where T is the cycle time calculated to RS-232C port processed.
in operation 3
0 ms when no device is connected.
Commands from Programming Devices
0.26 ms minimum or T x 0.05, where T is the (computers, Programming Consoles, etc.)
processed.
cycle time calculated in operation 3
0 ms when no Communications Unit is
mounted.
0.8 ms + 10 ms max. per Unit.

Commands from computers and other devices connected to SYSMAC NET/SYSMAC LINK Units processed.

Section 6-1

Cycle Time
PC Link Unit I/O Refresh

I/O pts to refresh

Time required
(ms)

Special I/O Unit Refresh

512

7.4

256

4.1

128

2.7

64

1.7

Unit
C200H-ID501/215
C200H-OD501/215
C200H-MD501/215
C200H-CT001-V1/CT002
C200H-NC111/NC112
C200H-NC211
C200H-AD001
C200H-DA001
C200H-TS001/TS101
C200H-ASC02
C200H-IDS01-V1/IDS21
C200H-OV001
C200H-FZ001
C200H-TC001/002/003/
101/102/103
C200H-CP114
C200H-AD002
C200H-PIDjj

Group-2 High-density I/O
Unit Refresh

NT Links

Unit
C200H-ID216
C200H-OD218
C200H-ID217
C200H-OD219

Time required per Unit
0.6 ms
0.6 ms when set for 32 I/O pts.
1.6 ms when set for dynamic I/O
2.6 ms
2.5 ms
5.0 ms
1.3 ms
1.0 ms
1.2 ms
1.9 ms normally, 5.0 ms for @ format
2.0 ms normally, 5.5 ms for command transfer
4.1 ms
2.0 ms
3.0 ms
2.5 ms
1.4 ms
3.0 ms

Time required per Unit
0.18 ms
0.14 ms
0.31 ms
0.23 ms

If the PC is connected to a Programmable Terminal (PT) via a C200H Interface
Unit, the times shown in the following table will be required to refresh I/O for the
PT.
Number of table entries for PT

Watchdog Timer and Long
Cycle Times

I/O refresh time

Minimum setting:
Character string table: 0
Numeral table: 0

2.5 ms

Maximum setting:
Character string table: 32
Numeral table: 128

5.4 ms

Within the PC, the watchdog timer measures the cycle time and compares it to a
set value. If the cycle time exceeds the set value of the watchdog timer, a FALS
9F error is generated and the CPU stops. WDT(94) can be used to extend the set
value for the watchdog timer.

321

Section 6-2

Calculating Cycle Time

Even if the cycle time does not exceed the set value of the watchdog timer, a long
cycle time can adversely affect the accuracy of system operations as shown in
the following table.
Cycle time (ms)

Online Editing

! Caution

6-2

Possible adverse affects

10 or greater

TIMH(15) inaccurate when TC 016 through TC 511 are used.
(Accuracy when using TC 000 through TC 0015 not affected.)

20 or greater

0.02-second clock pulse (SR 25401) not accurately readable.

100 or greater

0.1-second clock pulse (SR 25500) not accurately readable and
Cycle Time Error Flag (SR 25309) turns ON.

200 or greater

0.2-second clock pulse (SR 25501) not accurately readable.

6,500 or greater

FALS code 9F generated regardless of watchdog timer setting
and the system stops.

When online editing is executed from a Programming Device, operation will be
interrupted for a maximum of 260 ms and interrupts will be masked to rewrite the
user program. No warnings will be given for long cycle times during this interval.
Check the effects on I/O response time before editing the program online.
Editing the program online can cause delays in I/O responses with no warnings being given from
the system for the long cycle time produced by editing online. Before editing online, make sure that
delays in I/O responses will not create a dangerous situation in the controlled system.

Calculating Cycle Time
The PC configuration, the program, and program execution conditions must be
taken into consideration when calculating the cycle time. This means taking into
account such things as the number of I/O points, the programming instructions
used, and whether or not peripheral devices are employed. This section shows
some basic cycle time calculation examples. To simplify the examples, the instructions used in the programs have been assumed to be all either LD or OUT.
The average execution time for the instructions is thus 0.47 µs. (Execution times
are given in the table in 6-3 Instruction Execution Times.)

6-2-1 PC with I/O Units Only
Here, we’ll compute the cycle time for a simple PC. The CPU controls only I/O
Units, eight on the CPU Rack and five on a 5-slot Expansion I/O Rack. The PC
configuration for this would be as shown below. It is assumed that the program
contains 5,000 instructions requiring an average of 0.47 µs each to execute.
8-point Input Units

8-point Output Units

CPU Rack

Expansion I/O Rack

16-point Input Units

12-point Output Units

8-point Output Unit

322

Section 6-2

Calculating Cycle Time
Calculations

The equation for the cycle time from above is as follows:
Cycle time =

Overseeing time + Program execution time + I/O refresh time +
Peripheral device servicing time

Process

Calculation

With Peripheral
Device

Without
Peripheral Device

Overseeing

Fixed

0.7 ms

0.7 ms

Program execution

0.47 µs/instruction
× 5,000
instructions

2.35 ms

2.35 ms

I/O refresh

See below.

0.34 ms

0.34 ms

Peripheral device
servicing

Minimum time

0.26 ms

0.0 ms

Cycle time

Total of above

3.65 ms

3.39 ms

The I/O refresh time would be as follows for two16-point Input Units, four 8-point
Input Units, two 12-point Output Units (12-point Units are treated as 16-point
Units), and five 8-point Output Units controlled by the PC:
(16 pts x 2) + (8 pts x 4)
8 pts

x 20 µs +

(16 pts x 2) + (8 pts x 5)
8 pts

x 20 µs = 0.34 ms

6-2-2 PC with Link Units
Here, the cycle time is computed for a PC with a CPU21-E or CPU23-E CPU that
has a Memory Unit with a clock function installed. The PC configuration for this
could be as shown below.
The CPU controls three 8-point Input Units, three 8-point Output Units, a Host
Link Unit, and a Remote I/O Master Unit connected to a Remote I/O Slave Rack
containing four 16-point Input Units and four 12-point Output Units.
It is assumed that the program contains 5,000 instructions requiring an average
of 0.47 µs each to execute, and that nothing is connected to the RS-232C port
and no SYSMAC NET/SYSMAC LINK Unit is mounted.
Host Link Unit
Remote I/O
Master Unit

8-point
Input Units

8-point
Output Units

CPU Rack

Computer

Slave Rack

16-point
Input Units

12-point
Output Units

323

Section 6-3

Instruction Execution Times
Calculations

The equation for the cycle time is as follows:
Cycle time =
Overseeing time + Program execution time
+ I/O refreshing time + Host Link Unit servicing time
+ Peripheral device servicing time
Process

Calculation

With Peripheral
Device

Without
Peripheral Device

Overseeing

Fixed

0.7 ms

0.7 ms

Program execution

0.47 µs/instruction
× 5,000
instructions

2.35 ms

2.35 ms

I/O refresh

See below.

2.58 ms

2.58 ms

Host Link servicing

Fixed

6.0 ms

6.0 ms

Peripheral device
servicing

0.7 + 2.35 + 2.58 +
6 = 11.63

0.58 ms

0.0 ms

Cycle time

11.63 x 0.05 = 0.58
Total of above

12.21 ms

11.63 ms

The I/O refreshing time would be as follows for three 8-point Input Units and
three 8-point Output Units mounted in the CPU Rack, and eight Units mounted in
a Slave Rack.
(8 pts x 3) + (8 pts x 3)
x 20 µs + 1.1 ms + 8 Units x 0.17 ms = 2.58 ms
8 pts

6-3

Instruction Execution Times
The following table lists the execution times for all instructions that are available
for the C200HS. The maximum and minimum execution times and the conditions which cause them are given where relevant. When “word” is referred to in
the Conditions column, it implies the content of any word except for indirectly
addressed DM words. Indirectly addressed DM words, which create longer
execution times when used, are indicated by “:DM”.
Execution times for most instructions depend on whether they are executed with
an ON or an OFF execution condition. Exceptions are the ladder diagram instructions OUT and OUT NOT, which require the same time regardless of the
execution condition. The OFF execution time for an instruction can also vary depending on the circumstances, i.e., whether it is in an interlocked program section and the execution condition for IL is OFF, whether it is between JMP(04) 00
and JME(05) 00 and the execution condition for JMP(04) 00 is OFF, or whether it
is reset by an OFF execution condition. “R”, “IL”, and “JMP” are used to indicate
these three times.
All execution times are given in microseconds unless otherwise noted.

Instruction
LD
LD NOT
AND
AND NOT
OR
OR NOT

324

ON execution time (µs)

OFF execution time (µs)

For IR and SR 23600 to SR 25515

0.375

0.375

For SR 25600 to SR 51115

0.75

0.375

For IR and SR 23600 to SR 25515

0.375

0.375

For SR 25600 to SR 51115

0.75

0.375

For IR and SR 23600 to SR 25515

0.375

0.375

For SR 25600 to SR 51115

0.75

0.375

For IR and SR 23600 to SR 25515

0.375

0.375

For SR 25600 to SR 51115

0.75

0.375

For IR and SR 23600 to SR 25515

0.375

0.375

For SR 25600 to SR 51115

0.75

0.375

For IR and SR 23600 to SR 25515

0.375

0.375

For SR 25600 to SR 51115

0.75

0.375

Conditions

Section 6-3

Instruction Execution Times
ON execution time (µs)

OFF execution time (µs)

AND LD

---

0.375

0.375

OR LD

---

0.375

0.375

OUT

For IR and SR 23600 to SR 25515

0.563

0.563

For SR 25600 to SR 51115

0.938

0.563

For IR and SR 23600 to SR 25515

0.563

0.563

For SR 25600 to SR 51115

0.938

0.563

Constant for SV

1.125

R:

1.125

IL:

1.125

JMP:

1.125

R:

39.0875

Instruction

OUT NOT
TIM

Conditions

:DM for SV

For designated words 256 to 511

CNT

Constant for SV

1.125

:DM for SV

For designated words 256 to 511

SET
RSET

IL:

1.125

JMP:

1.125

R:

22.2875

IL:

1.125

JMP:

1.125

R:

1.125

IL:

1.125

JMP:

1.125

R:

39.0875

IL:

1.125

JMP:

1.125

R:

22.0875

IL:

1.125

JMP:

1.125

For IR and SR 23600 to SR 25515

0.563

0.563

For SR 25600 to SR 51115

0.938

0.563

For IR and SR 23600 to SR 25515

0.563

0.563

For SR 25600 to SR 51115

0.938

0.563

NOP(00)

---

0.375

---

END(01)

---

34.20

---

IL(02)

---

11.44

14.00

ILC(03)

---

12.60

12.64

JMP(04)

---

12.32

14.56

JME(05)

---

12.28

12.28

FAL(06) 01 to 99

---

93.76

0.375

FAL(06) 00

---

77.56

0.375

FALS(07)

---

4.28 ms

0.375

STEP(08)

---

50.60 (with operand)

2.25

24.56 (without operand)
SNXT(09)

---

13.96

2.25

325

Section 6-3

Instruction Execution Times
Instruction
SFT(10)

Conditions
With 1-word shift register

With 100-word shift register

With 250-word shift register

KEEP(11)
CNTR(12)

DIFD(14)

TIMH(15)

MVN(22)

326

800.00

0.938

Constant for SV

38.20

---

---

Interrupt Constant for SV

Normal cycle

MOV(21)

340.00

0.563

Interrupt :DM for SV

CMP(20)

R:

For SR 25600 to SR 51115

Normal cycle

WSFT(16)

OFF execution time (µs)

47.06

For IR and SR 23600 to SR 25515

:DM for SV

DIFU(13)

ON execution time (µs)

53.20

20.60

20.40

32.20

29.40

29.80

27.40

When shifting 1 word

36.90

When shifting 6,144 words using :DM

11.27 ms

When comparing a constant to a word

24.20

When comparing two words

26.40

When comparing two :DM

61.80

When transferring a constant to a word

19.00

When comparing two words

21.20

When transferring :DM to :DM

57.20

When transferring a constant to a word

20.20

When comparing two words

22.40

When transferring :DM to :DM

57.20

35.80

IL:

15.70

JMP:

15.60

R:

256.80

IL:

15.72

JMP:

15.68

R:

590.80

IL:

15.60

JMP:

15.66

0.563
R:

27.90

IL:

20.30

JMP:

20.30

R:

28.00

IL:

20.30

JMP:

20.30

Normal: 20.60
IL:

20.40

JMP:

18.00

Normal: 20.40
IL:

20.20

JMP:

17.80

R:

40.40

IL:

39.20

JMP:

24.90

R:

36.30

IL:

35.20

JMP:

20.80

R:

59.80

IL:

58.60

JMP:

24.90

R:

56.00

IL:

54.60

JMP:

20.80

3
1.125

1.125

1.125

Section 6-3

Instruction Execution Times
ON execution time (µs)

OFF execution time (µs)

When converting a word to a word

40.40

1.125

When converting :DM to :DM

74.80

When converting a word to a word

38.40

When converting :DM to :DM

72.80

When shifting a word

21.20

When shifting :DM

38.20

When shifting a word

21.20

When shifting :DM

38.20

When rotating a word

21.80

When rotating :DM

39.00

When rotating a word

21.80

When rotating :DM

39.00

When inverting a word

21.90

When inverting :DM

39.30

Constant + word → word

40.10

Word + word→ word

42.50

:DM + :DM → :DM

94.10

Constant – word → word

40.10

Word – word→ word

42.50

:DM – :DM → :DM

94.10

Constant x word → word

56.90

Word x word→ word

59.30

:DM x :DM → :DM

110.90

Word ÷ constant → word

56.90

Word ÷ word→ word

59.10

:DM ÷ :DM → :DM

110.70

Constant AND word → word

34.10

Word AND word→ word

37.10

:DM AND :DM → :DM

88.70

Constant OR word → word

34.10

Word OR word→ word

36.70

:DM OR :DM → :DM

88.30

Constant XOR word → word

34.10

Word XOR word→ word

36.70

:DM XOR :DM → :DM

88.30

Constant XNOR word → word

34.30

Word XNOR word→ word

36.90

:DM XNOR :DM → :DM

88.50

When incrementing a word

23.70

When incrementing :DM

41.10

When decrementing a word

24.30

When decrementing :DM

41.70

STC(40)

---

12.20

0.375

CLC(41)

---

12.30

0.375

TRSM(45)

---

27.70

27.70

MSG(46)

Designated as DM

23.20

0.75

Designated as :DM

40.80

Instruction
BIN(23)
BCD(24)
ASL(25)
ASR(26)
ROL(27)
ROR(28)
COM(29)
ADD(30)

SUB(31)

MUL(32)

DIV(33)

ANDW(34)

ORW(35)

XORW(36)

XNRW(37)

INC(38)
DEC(39)

Conditions

1.125
0.75
0.75
0.75
0.75
0.75
1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

0.75
0.75

327

Section 6-3

Instruction Execution Times
ON execution time (µs)

OFF execution time (µs)

Constant + word → word

43.20

1.5

Word + word → word

45.80

:DM + :DM → :DM

97.40

Constant – word → word

43.20

Word – word → word

45.80

:DM – :DM → :DM

97.40

Constant x word → word

36.00

Word x word → word

38.50

:DM x :DM → :DM

91.10

Word ÷ constant → word

36.70

Word ÷ word → word

39.30

:DM ÷ :DM → :DM

90.80

Word + word → word

45.50

:DM + :DM → :DM

99.00

Word – word → word

45.50

:DM – :DM → :DM

99.00

Word x word → word

155.90

:DM x :DM → :DM

209.50

Word ÷ word → word

166.10

:DM ÷ :DM → :DM

219.70

When converting words to words

58.70

When converting :DM to :DM

93.50

When converting words to words

47.30

When converting :DM to :DM

82.20

When transferring 1 word

54.80

When transferring 1,024 words using
:DM

2.40 ms

When transferring 6,143 words using
:DM

13.99 ms

When setting a constant to 1 word

37.70

When setting :DM ms to 1,024 words
using :DM

26.20

When setting :DM ms to 6,144 words
using :DM

95.80

When taking root of word and placing in a
word

68.60

When taking root of 99,999,999 in :DM
and placing in :DM

137.80

Between words

33.50

Between :DM

68.50

When shifting 1 word

34.00

When shifting 1,024 DM words using :DM

4.35 ms

When shifting 6,144 DM words using :DM

25.93 ms

When shifting 1 word

34.00

When shifting 1,024 DM words using :DM

4.35 ms

When shifting 6,144 DM words using :DM

26.01 ms

When decoding word to word

86.80

When decoding :DM to :DM

178.20

Instruction
ADB(50)

SBB(51)

MLB(52)

DVB(53)

ADDL(54)
SUBL(55)
MULL(56)
DIVL(57)
BINL(58)
BCDL(59)
XFER(70)

BSET(71)

ROOT(72)

XCHG(73)
SLD(74)

SRD(75)

MLPX(76)

328

Conditions

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.125
1.125
1.5

1.5

1.125

1.125
1.125

1.125

1.5

Section 6-3

Instruction Execution Times
ON execution time (µs)

OFF execution time (µs)

When encoding a word to a word

48.90

1.5

When encoding :DM to :DM

185.90

When decoding a word to a word

53.20

When decoding 2 digits :DM to :DM

113.60

When decoding 4 digits :DM to :DM

126.00

Word ÷ word → word (equals 0)

118.20

Word ÷ word → word (doesn’t equal 0)

357.20

:DM ÷ :DM → :DM

409.20

Constant → (word + (word))

49.00

:DM → (:DM + (:DM))

106.70

(Word + (word)) → word

52.90

(:DM + (:DM)) → :DM

113.50

When transferring a constant to a word

38.60

When transferring word to a word

45.30

When transferring :DM to :DM

97.60

When transferring a constant to a word

34.00

When transferring word to a word

41.00

When transferring :DM to :DM

97.60

When shifting 1 word

48.40

When shifting 1,024 :DM using :DM

1.92 ms

When shifting 6,144 :DM using :DM

11.8 ms

Comparing to words in a designated table

69.10

Comparing to words in a designated table

71.50

Comparing :DM → :DM-designated table

123.50

Between words

56.90

Between :DM

133.50

1-word transmit

563

Instruction
DMPX(77)
SDEC(78)

FDIV(79)

DIST(80)
COLL(81)
MOVB (82)

MOVD(83)

SFTR(84)

TCMP(85)

ASC(86)
SEND(90)

Conditions

1.5

1.5

1.5
1.5
1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5
3.75

1000-word transmit

752

SBS(91)

---

37.6

2.25

SBN(92)

---

---

---

RET(93)

---

45.6

13.7

WDT(94)

---

17.60

0.75

IORF(97)

1-word refresh

130.70

1.125

30-word refresh

2.27 ms

1-word refresh

559

1000-word refresh

764

Designating a word parameter

91.00

Designating a :DM parameter

125.80

ASFT(––)

When resetting 1 word

43.60

Default code: (17)

When shifting 1 word using :DM

50.30

RECV(98)
MCRO(99)

When shifting 10 word using :DM

68.80

SCAN(––)

Constant for SV

31.80

Default code: (18)

:DM for SV

51.20

MCMP(––)

Comparing 2 words, result word

104.30

Default code: (19)

Comparing 2 :DM, result :DM

159.30

LMSG(––)

Word for SV

104.30

Default code: (47)

:DM for SV

159.30

3.75
1.5
1.5

1.5
1.5
1.5

329

Section 6-3

Instruction Execution Times
ON execution time (µs)

OFF execution time (µs)

TERM(––)
Default code: (48)

---

16.40

1.5

CMPL(––)

When comparing words to words

51.40

1.5

Default code: (60)

When comparing :DM to :DM

85.90

MPRF(––)

1 Unit

33.70

Default code: (61)

10 Units

74.20

XFRB(––)

Sending 1 bit from word to word

45.50

Default code: (62)

Sending FF bits from :DM to :DM

241.90

LINE(––)
Default code: (63)

When transferring from words to a
constant

102.90

When transferring from words to a word

106.40

When transferring :DM to :DM

293.80

When transferring from a constant to
words

115.20

When transferring from a word to words

118.70

Instruction

COLM(––)
Default code: (64)

Conditions

When transferring :DM to :DM

303.10

SEC(––)

DM to DM

78.50

Default code: (65)

:DM to :DM

112.90

HMS(––)

DM to DM

80.00

Default code: (66)

:DM to :DM

114.50

BCNT(––)

Constant for SV

69.56

Default code: (67)

:DM for SV

37.52 ms

BCMP(––)
Default code: (68)

Comparing constant to word-designated
table

105.00

To a word after comparing with a word

107.40

Comparing :DM → :DM-designated table

166.50

APR(––)

SIN designation

43.90

Default code: (69)

:DM for SV

740.70

TTIM(––)
Default code: (87)

Setting to a constant

43.50

1.5
1.5
1.5

1.5

1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5

1.5
Constant input OFF: 36.9
R:

Setting to :DM

81.70

IL:

36.8

JPM:

36.8

Constant input OFF: 75.1
R:

ZCP(––)
Default code: (88)

Comparing a constant to a word

35.40

Comparing a word to a word

38.00

Comparing :DM to a :DM

89.70

INT(––)

Word for SV

21.70 to 47.40

Default code: (89)

:DM for SV

21.70 to 64.60

TKY(––)

Input to DM

63.10

Input to :DM

97.90

When designating a word

76.50

When designating :DM

128.50

When designating a word

65.30

When designating :DM

125.30

Word-designated 4 digits

49.10 to 55.40

RXD(––)
TXD(––)
7SEG(––)

330

38.4

76.6

IL:

75.0

JPM:

75.1

1.5

1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
21.70

Section 6-3

Instruction Execution Times
Instruction

FPD(––)
SRCH(––)

MAX(––)
MIN(––)
SUM(––)
FCS(––)
HEX(––)
AVG(––)
PID(––)
XDMR(––)

MTR(––)
ADBL(––)
SBBL(––)
MBS(––)

DBS(––)

MBSL(––)
DBSL(––)
CPS(––)

CPSL(––)

Conditions

ON execution time (µs)

:DM-designated 4 digits

66.60 to 72.80

Word-designated 8 digits

56.70 to 64.80

:DM-designated 8 digits

74.20 to 82.30

Word designation, code output

121.00 to 147.50

:DM designation, message output

170.50 to 228.80

Constant for SV

78.50

:DM for SV

2.11 ms

:DM for SV

12.10 ms

DM search

57.20

:DM search

2.05 ms

DM search

57.20

:DM search

2.05 ms

DM add

60.10

:DM add

1.80 ms

Add a word → word

52.90

Add 999 words → :DM

1.41 ms

DM conversion

66.70

:DM conversion

169.90

Average of an operation

61.40

Average of 64 operations

223.70

When designating a word

83.00

When designating :DM

138.00

Constant for SV

74.20

Word for SV

2.32 ms

:DM for SV

6.89 ms

Input to DM

54.60 to 63.60

Input to :DM

72.00 to 81.20

DM + DM → DM

72.20

:DM + :DM → :DM

123.30

DM – DM → DM

71.70

:DM – :DM → :DM

123.30

Constant x word → word

50.20

DM x DM → DM

52.80

:DM x :DM → :DM

104.30

Constant ÷ word → word

51.20

DM ÷ DM → DM

53.70

:DM ÷ :DM → :DM

106.20

DM x DM → DM

81.90

:DM x :DM → :DM

133.50

DM ÷ DM → DM

90.70

:DM ÷ :DM → :DM

143.70

When comparing two constants

34.20

When comparing DM to DM

29.70

When comparing DM to :DM

64.80

When comparing two DM

50.90

When comparing two :DM

86.10

OFF execution time (µs)

17.30
1.5

1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
19.7
1.5
1.5

21.7
1.5
1.5
1.5

1.5

1.5
1.5
1.5

1.5

331

Section 6-3

Instruction Execution Times
ON execution time (µs)

OFF execution time (µs)

When converting a constant to a word

34.90

1.5

When converting a word to a word

37.50

When converting :DM to :DM

72.10

When converting a word to a word

47.00

When converting :DM to :DM

81.90

When comparing two words

71.90

When comparing two :DM

123.10

Word for SV

98.20

:DM for SV

150.00

When designating a word

55.7

When designating :DM

72.9

DM CS output

60.20

DM RD output

61.00

DM data retrieval

78.80

:DM CS output

77.70

:DM RD output

78.40

:DM data retrieval

94.20

Instruction
NEG(––)

NEGL(––)
ZCPL(––)
SCL(––)
HKY(––)
DSW(––)

332

Conditions

1.5
1.5
1.5
21.7
21.1

Section 6-4

I/O Response Time

6-4

I/O Response Time
The I/O response time is the time it takes for the PC to output a control signal
after it has received an input signal. The time it takes to respond depends on the
cycle time and when the CPU receives the input signal relative to the input refresh period.
The minimum and maximum I/O response time calculations described below
are for where IR 00000 is the input bit that receives the signal and IR 00200 is the
output bit corresponding to the desired output point.
00000

00200

6-4-1 Basic Systems
Minimum I/O Response
Time

The PC responds most quickly when it receives an input signal just prior to the
I/O refresh period in the cycle. Once the input bit corresponding to the signal has
been turned ON, the program will have to be executed once to turn ON the output bit for the desired output signal and then the I/O refresh operation would
have to be repeated to refresh the output bit. The I/O response time in this case
is thus found by adding the input ON-delay time, the cycle time, and the output
ON-delay time. This situation is illustrated below.

Cycle

Cycle time

Cycle time

Instruction
execution

Instruction
execution

Instruction
execution

I/O refresh
Input
signal
Input
ON delay

CPU reads
input signal

Output ON delay
Output
signal
I/O response time

Minimum I/O response time =
Input ON delay + Cycle time + I/O refresh time + Output ON delay

333

Section 6-4

I/O Response Time
Maximum I/O Response
Time

The PC takes longest to respond when it receives the input signal just after the
I/O refresh phase of the cycle. In this case the CPU does not recognize the input
signal until the end of the next cycle. The maximum response time is thus one
cycle longer than the minimum I/O response time, except that the I/O refresh
time would not need to be added in because the input comes just after it rather
than before it.

Cycle

Cycle time

Cycle time

Cycle time

Instruction
execution

Instruction
execution

Instruction
execution

I/O refresh

Input
signal

CPU reads
input signal

Input
ON
delay

Output
ON delay

Output
signal

I/O response time

Maximum I/O response time =
Input ON delay + (Cycle time x 2) + Output ON delay
Calculation Example

The data in the following table would produce the minimum and maximum cycle
times shown calculated below.
Item

Time

Input ON-delay

1.5 ms

Output ON-delay

15 ms

Cycle time

20 ms

Minimum I/O response time = 1.5 + 20 + 15 = 36.5 ms
Maximum I/O response time = 1.5 + (20 x 2) +15 = 56.5 ms
Note In this example the I/O refresh time is negligible has not been included in the
minimum I/O response time.

6-4-2 Remote I/O Systems
With C200HS Remote I/O Systems, only the cycle time of the PC needs to be
considered in computing the I/O response times as long as the remote I/O transmission time is negligible and smaller than the cycle time. The cycle time, however, is increased by the presence of the Remote I/O System.
The processing that determines and the methods for calculating maximum and
minimum response times from input to output are provided in this section. Calculations assume that both the input and the output are located on Slave Racks in a
Remote I/O System, but the calculations are the same for I/O points on Optical
I/O Units, I/O Link Units, I/O Terminals, etc.
Input on
Slave Rack

Output on
Slave Rack
X

Although more precise equations are possible if required, equations used for the
following calculations do not consider fractions of a scan.

334

Section 6-4

I/O Response Time

In looking at the following timing charts, it is important to remember the sequence in which processing occurs during the PC scan, particular that inputs will
not produce programmed actions until the program has been executed.
When calculating the response times involving inputs and outputs from another
CPU connected by an I/O Link Unit, the cycle time of the controlling CPU and the
cycle time of the PC to which the I/O Link Unit is mounted must both be considered.
! Caution

Noise may increase I/O delays.

Remote I/O Transmission
Times

The remote I/O transmission time is computed as follows:
TRM

= Total Slave transmission time for one Master
=

TRT =
=

ΣTRT + TTT
Transmission time for each Slave
1.4 ms + (0.2 ms x n)
Where n = number of I/O words on the Slave Rack

TTT

=

Optical I/O Unit/I/O Terminal transmission time

=

2 ms x m
Where m = number of Optical I/O Units/I/O Terminals

The minimum response time occurs when all signals are processed as soon as
they are received. Here, three scans are required so that the program is
executed, as shown in the following diagram.

Minimum I/O Response
Time

Time = Input ON delay + cycle time x 3 + output ON delay
Cycle time
C200HS
CPU

Program execution
Transfer to CPU

Master
Transfer to Master
Slave
Slave I/O refresh
Input
Output

Maximum I/O Response
Time

The maximum response time occurs when the input just misses the program execution portion of the scan, meaning that processing must wait for the next transmission and then the next (i.e., the fourth) scan.
Time = Input ON delay + cycle time x 4 + output ON delay

Note Use the maximum cycle time output to AR 26 in computing the maximum I/O response time.
Cycle time
C200HS
CPU

Program execution
Transfer to CPU

Master
Slave I/O refresh

Transfer to Master

Slave
Input
Output

335

Section 6-4

I/O Response Time
Example Calculations

Calculations would be as shown below for an input ON delay of 1.5 ms, an output ON delay of 15 ms, and a cycle time of 20 ms.
Minimum I/O Response Time
Time = 1.5 ms + (20 ms x 3) + 15 ms = 76.5 ms
Maximum I/O Response Time
Time = 1.5 ms + (20 ms x 4) + 15 ms = 96.5 ms
Note

1. The cycle time may be less than or equal to the remote I/O transmission time
when there are Special I/O Units on Slave Racks. If this is the case, there
may be cycles when I/O is not refreshed between the Master and the
C200HS CPU.
2. Refreshing is performed for Masters only once per cycle, and then only after
confirming completion of the remote cycle.
3. The short duration of ON/OFF status produced by differentiated instructions
can cause inaccurate signals when dealing with Remote I/O Systems unless appropriate programming steps are taken.

6-4-3 Host Link Systems
The following diagram illustrates the processing that takes place when an input
on one PC is transferred through the Host Link System to turn ON an output on
another PC. Refer to Host Link System documentation for further details.
Output on #32

Input on #0

X

Host computer

Command/response for Unit # 0

Command/response for Unit # 31

Command

Command
Response

Buffer for Host
Link Unit # 0

Response
Host computer
processing time

CPU reads
input signal
Cycle time

PC for Host
Link Unit # 0
I/O refresh
CPU writes
output signal

Host link service

Buffer for Host
Link Unit # 31

Cycle time
PC for Host
Link Unit # 31
Host link service

I/O refresh

Input
signal
Input ON delay

Output ON delay

Output
signal
I/O response time

The equations used to calculate the minimum and maximum cycle times are given below. The number of cycles required for each PC depends on the amount of
data being read/written.
Minimum response time =

Input ON delay + Command transmission time + (Cycle time of PC for Unit #0 x 3) + Response transmission time + Host computer processing time + Command transmission time + (Cycle time of PC for Unit #31
x 3) + Output ON delay

Maximum response time =

Input ON delay + Command transmission time + (Cycle time of PC for Unit #0 x 10) + Response transmission time + Host computer processing time + Command transmission time + (Cycle time of PC for Unit #31
x 10) + Output ON delay

336

Section 6-4

I/O Response Time

6-4-4 PC Link Systems
The processing that determines and the methods for calculating maximum and
minimum response times from input to output are provided in this subsection.
The following System and I/O program steps will be used in all examples below.
This System contains eight PC Link Units.
In looking at the following timing charts, it is important to remember the sequence processing occurs during the PC scan, particular that inputs will not produce programmed-actions until the program has been execution.

Unit 0

PC Link Unit

PC Link Unit

PC

PC

Input on PC
of Unit 0

Input

LR
bit

Output on PC
of Unit 7

Unit 7

X
Output

X

Input

LR XXXX

LR XXXX

Output
X

! Caution

Noise may increase I/O delays.

PC Link Conditions

Minimum Response Time

Cycle time

The PC Link System used in this example consists of the following:
• No. of PCs linked:
8
• No. of LR points linked: 128 per PC
• Maximum PC:
8
• LR points used:
1,024
The following illustrates the data flow that will produce the minimum response
time, i.e., the time that results when all signals and data transmissions are processed as soon as they occur.
Program executed.

I/O refresh

PC with
Unit 0
Buffer in Unit 0

Minimum transmission time

PC Link Unit transmissions
Buffer in Unit 7

Program
executed.

I/O refresh

PC with
Unit 7
Cycle time
Input
Output

The equation for minimum I/O response time is thus as follows:
Response time = Input ON delay + Cycle time of PC of Unit 0 + Minimum transmission time + (Cycle time of PC of Unit 7 x 2) + Output ON
delay

337

Section 6-4

I/O Response Time

Inserting the following values into this equation produces a minimum I/O response time of 149.3 ms.
Input ON delay:
1.5 ms
Output ON delay:
15 ms
Cycle time for PC of Unit 0:
20 ms
Cycle time for PC of Unit 7:
50 ms
Maximum Response Time

The following diagram illustrates the data flow that will produce the maximum
response time. Delays occur because signals or data is received just after they
would be processed or because data is sent during processing. In either case,
processing must wait until the next scan/polling cycle.
First output to the buffer in the polling unit is delayed by the setting of the number
of LR bits to be refreshed each scan. A similar delay is present when the LR data
reaches Unit 7. The polling delay is the result of the LR data in its PC being updated immediately after the previous was sent to the buffer in the PC Link Unit,
cause a delay until the next polling cycle. One more polling cycle is then required
before the data reaches the buffer in PC Link Unit 7.
I/O refresh

Cycle time
PC with
Unit 0
Buffer in Unit 0
Polling delay
PC Link Unit
transmissions
Buffer in Unit 7

PC Link
polling time
Induction sequence
processing time
Maximum
transmission
time

PC with
Unit 7
Cycle time
Input
Output

The equation for maximum I/O response time is thus as follows:
Response time = Input ON delay + [Cycle time of PC of Unit 0 x (Number of LR
transfer bits ÷ I/O refresh bits)] + α + (PC Link polling time +
Induction sequence processing time) + {Cycle time of PC of
Unit 7 x [(Number of LR transfer bits ÷ I/O refresh bits) x 2 + 1]}
+ β + Output ON delay
If cycle time of PC of Unit 0 > PC Link polling time, α = cycle time of PC of Unit 0. If
cycle time of PC of Unit 0 < PC Link polling time, α = PC Link polling time.
If cycle time of PC of Unit 7 > PC Link polling time, β = cycle time of PC of Unit 7. If
cycle time of PC of Unit 7 < PC Link polling time, β = PC Link polling time.
Inserting the following values into this equation produces a maximum I/O response time of 661.3 ms.
Input ON delay:
1.5 ms
Output ON delay:
15 ms
Cycle time for PC of Unit 0:
20 ms
Cycle time for PC of Unit 7:
50 ms
PC Link polling time:
2.8 ms x 8 PCs + 10 ms = 32.4 ms

338

Section 6-4

I/O Response Time

Induction sequence processing: 15 ms x (8 PCs – 8 PCs) = 0 ms

Reducing Response Time

I/O refresh bits for Unit 0

256

I/O refresh bits for Unit 7

256

IORF(97) can be used in programming to shorten the I/O response time greater
than is possible by setting a high number of refresh bits. (Remember, increasing
the number of refresh bits set on the back-panel LED shortens response time,
but increases the cycle time of the PC.)
The following calculations for the maximum cycle time use the same example
System configuration as that used in 5–2 Response Times. In programming the
PCs for PC Link Units #0 and #7, IORF(97) is executed during every PC scan for
the PC Link Units. The basic equation for the maximum I/O response time is as
follows:
Response time = Input ON delay + [Cycle time of PC of Unit 0 x (Number of LR
transfer bits ÷ Number of I/O refresh bits ÷ 2)] + α + PC Link
polling time + Induction sequence processing time + {Cycle
time of PC of Unit 7 x [(Number of LR transfer bits ÷ Number of
I/O refresh bits ÷ 2) x 2 + 1]} + β + Output ON delay
If cycle time of PC of Unit 0 > PC Link polling time, α = cycle time of PC of Unit 0. If
cycle time of PC of Unit 0 < PC Link polling time, α = PC Link polling time.
If cycle time of PC of Unit 7 > PC Link polling time, β = cycle time of PC of Unit 7. If
cycle time of PC of Unit 7 < PC Link polling time, β = PC Link polling time.
The required data from the example System configuration is as follows:
Input ON delay

1.5 ms

Output ON delay

15 ms

Cycle time of PC of Unit 0

20 ms + 5.7 ms = 25.7
(5.7 ms required for IORF execution)

Cycle time of PC of Unit 7

50 ms + 5.7 ms = 55.7
(5.7 ms required for IORF execution)

Number of PC Link Units

8

Number of LR bits

1,024

Number of refresh bits for Unit 0

256

Number of refresh bits for Unit 7

256

PC Link polling time

2.8 ms x 8 PCs + 10 ms = 32.4 ms

Induction sequence processing time

15 ms x (8 PCs – 8 PCs) = 0 ms

Placing these values into the equation produces a maximum I/O response time
of 466.9 ms, approximately 200 ms shorter than when IORF is not used.

6-4-5 One-to-one Link I/O Response Time
When two C200HSs are linked one-to-one, the I/O response time is the time required for an input executed at one of the C200HSs to be output to the other
C200HS by means of one-to-one link communications.
One-to-one link communications are carried out reciprocally between the master and the slave. The respective transmission times are as shown below, depending on the number of LR words used.
Number of words used

Transmission time

64 words (LR 00 to LR 63)

39 ms

32 words (LR 00 to LR 31)

20 ms

16 words (LR 00 to LR 15)

10 ms

339

Section 6-4

I/O Response Time

The minimum and maximum I/O response times are shown here, using as an
example the following instructions executed at the master and the slave. In this
example, communications proceed from the master to the slave.
Output (LR)

Input
(LR)

Input

Output

The following conditions are taken as examples for calculating the I/O response
times.
Input ON delay:
Master cycle time:
Slave cycle time:
Output ON delay:
Number of LR words:

8 ms
10 ms
14 ms
10 ms
64 words

Minimum I/O Response Time The C200HS responds most quickly under the following circumstances:

1, 2, 3...

1. The C200HS receives an input signal just prior to the input refresh phase of
the cycle.
2. The master to slave transmission begins immediately.
3. The slave executes communications servicing immediately after completion of communications.

Input
point

I/O refresh
Overseeing, communications, etc.

Input ON delay

Master Input
bit
Cycle time
CPU
processing

Instruction
execution

Instruction
execution

One-to-one link
communications

Master to
Slave

CPU
processing

Instruction
execution

Slave

Instruction
execution
Output ON
delay

Output point

The minimum I/O response time is as follows:

+

Input ON delay:
8 ms
Master cycle time:
10 ms
Transmission time:
39 ms
Slave cycle time:
15 ms
Output ON delay:
10 ms
Minimum I/O response time:
82 ms

Maximum I/O Response Time The C200HS takes the longest to respond under the following circumstances:

1, 2, 3...

1. The C200HS receives an input signal just after the input refresh phase of the
cycle.
2. The master to slave transmission does not begin immediately.

340

Section 6-4

I/O Response Time

3. Communications are completed just after the slave executes communications servicing.
Input
point

I/O refresh
Input ON delay

Overseeing, communications, etc.

Master Input
bit

Cycle time
CPU
processing

Instruction
execution

One-to-one link
communications

Instruction
execution

Instruction
execution

Master to
Slave

Slave to
Master

CPU
processing

Master to
Slave

Instruction
execution

Instruction
execution

Slave

Instruction
execution
Output ON
delay

Output point

The maximum I/O response time is as follows:
Input ON delay:
8 ms
Master cycle time:
10 ms  2
Transmission time:
39 ms  3
Slave cycle time:
15 ms  2
+
Output ON delay:
10 ms
Maximum I/O response time:
185 ms

6-4-6 Interrupt Response Times
The response time from the time an interrupt input is received until the interrupt
subroutine execution has been completed is described next.
Input Interrupts
External interrupt input signal
Internal interrupt signal

t1
t2

Interrupt subroutine execution

t1 = ON delay of Interrupt Input Unit
t2 = Software interrupt response time
Total interrupt response time = t1 + t2
The ON delay of Interrupt Input Unit is 0.2 ms or less.
The software interrupt response time depends on the interrupt response parameter setting in DM 6620 of the PC Setup. If the DM 6620 is set for the C200Hcompatible mode (0000), the software interrupt response time is less than
10 ms. If the DM 6620 is set for the C200HS mode (1xxx), the software interrupt
response time is less than 1 ms. The total interrupt response time is thus as
shown in the following table.
Interrupt response setting

Total interrupt response time

C200H-compatible mode

0.2 ms + (Total of following: Special I/O
processing time, Remote I/O processing time,
Host Link servicing time, instruction execution)

C200HS mode

1.2 ms or less

341

Section 6-4

I/O Response Time
Scheduled Interrupts
Scheduled interrupt interval

Hardware time clock

Scheduled interrupt
subroutine execution

t3

t3

t3

t3

t3 = Software interrupt response time
Total interrupt response time = t3 (software interrupt response time)
The software interrupt response time depends on the interrupt response parameter setting in DM 6620 of the PC Setup. If the DM 6620 is set for the C200Hcompatible mode (0000), the software interrupt response time is less than
10 ms. If the DM 6620 is set for the C200HS mode (1xxx), the software interrupt
response time is less than 1 ms. The total interrupt response time is thus as
shown in the following table.
Interrupt response setting

Note

Total interrupt response time

C200H-compatible mode

Total of following: Special I/O processing time,
Remote I/O processing time, Host Link
servicing time, instruction execution

C200HS mode

1.0 ms or less

1. If there is any instruction in the program that requires longer than 10 ms to
execute when using the C200H-compatible mode, the total interrupt response time will be equal to the execution time of the instruction requiring
longer than 10 ms.
2. The above calculations assume that only one interrupt requires executed at
any one time. If multiple interrupts are generated at the same time, execution of all but the first interrupt will go on standby, increasing the response
times given above.
3. If SYSMAC NET/SYSMAC LINK Units are being serviced when an interrupt
occurs, the interrupt will not be processed until SYSMAC NET/SYSMAC
LINK Unit servicing has been completed. The response times in this case
will be as shown in the following table and will not be affected by the interrupt
response setting.
Interrupt

Interrupt Processing Time

Total interrupt response time

Input interrupt

10.2 ms max.

Scheduled interrupt

10 ms max.

The processing time from receiving an interrupt input, through program execution, and until a return is made to the original program location is described next.
The limit of the count frequency resulting from using the scheduled interrupt period or input interrupts as the count input is determined by the interrupt processing time.
Interrupt processing time =
Total interrupt response time + Interrupt program execution time +
Interrupt return time
The interrupt program execution time is determined by the content of the interrupt subroutine. This time is negligible f only SBN(92) and RET(93) are
executed.
The interrupt return time is 0.04 ms.

342

Section 6-4

I/O Response Time
Note

Interrupt Input Pulse Width

1. If there are several elements that can cause interrupts or if the interrupt period is shorted than the average interrupt processing time, the interrupt subroutine will be executed and the main program will not be executed. This will
cause the cycle monitoring time to be exceeded and an FALS 9F error will be
generated, stopping PC operation.
2. The maximum interrupt program execution time is contained in SR 262 and
SR 263.
The pulse width input to Interrupt Input Units must be set to within the conditions
shown in the following diagram.

0.5 ms min.
0.2 ms min.

ON time:
OFF time:

0.2 ms min.
0.5 ms min.

343

SECTION 7
Program Monitoring and Execution
This section provides the procedures for monitoring and controlling the PC through a Programming Console. Refer to the LSS
Operation Manual for LSS procedures if you are using a computer running LSS.
7-1

Monitoring Operation and Modifying Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-1-1
Bit/Word Monitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-1-2
Forced Set/Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-1-3
Forced Set/Reset Cancel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-1-4
Hexadecimal/BCD Data Modification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-1-5
Hex/ASCII Display Change . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-1-6
4-digit Hex/Decimal Display Change . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-1-7
8-digit Hex/Decimal Display Change . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-1-8
Differentiation Monitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-1-9
3-word Monitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-1-10
3-word Data Modification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-1-11
Binary Monitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-1-12
Binary Data Modification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-1-13
Changing Timer/Counter SV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-1-14
Expansion Instruction Function Code Assignments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-1-15
UM Area Allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-1-16
Reading and Setting the Clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-1-17
Expansion Keyboard Mapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-1-18
Keyboard Mapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

346
346
349
351
352
354
355
356
357
358
358
359
361
362
365
366
367
367
368

345

Monitoring Operation and Modifying Data

7-1

Section 7-1

Monitoring Operation and Modifying Data
The simplest form of operation monitoring is to display the address whose operand bit status is to be monitored using the Program Read or one of the search
operations. As long as the operation is performed in RUN or MONITOR mode,
the status of any bit displayed will be indicated.
This section provides other procedures for monitoring data as well as procedures for modifying data that already exists in a data area. Data that can be
modified includes the PV (present value) and SV (set value) for any timer or
counter.
All monitor operations in this section can be performed in RUN, MONITOR, or
PROGRAM mode and can be cancelled by pressing CLR.
All data modification operations except for timer/counter SV changes are performed after first performing one of the monitor operations. Data modification is
possible in either MONITOR or PROGRAM mode, but cannot be performed in
RUN mode.

7-1-1

Bit/Word Monitor
The status of any bit or word in any data area can be monitored using the following operation. Although the operation is possible in any mode, ON/OFF status
displays will be provided for bits in MONITOR or RUN mode only.
The Bit/Digit Monitor operation can be entered either from a cleared display by
designating the first bit or word to be monitored or it can be entered from any
address in the program by displaying the bit or word address whose status is to
be monitored and pressing MONTR.
When a bit is monitored, it’s ON/OFF status will be displayed (in MONITOR or
RUN mode); when a word address is designated other than a timer or counter,
the digit contents of the word will be displayed; and when a timer or counter number is designated, the PV of the timer will be displayed and a small box will appear if the completion flag of a timer or counter is ON. When multiple words are
monitored, a caret will appear under the leftmost digit of the address designation
to help distinguish between different addresses. The status of TR bits and SR
flags (e.g., the arithmetic flags), cleared when END(01) is executed, cannot be
monitored.
Up to six memory addresses, either bits, words, or a combination of both, can be
monitored at once, although only three of these are displayed at any one time. To
monitor more than one address, return to the start of the procedure and continue
designating addresses. Monitoring of all designated addresses will be maintained unless more than six addresses are designated. If more than six addresses are designated, the leftmost address of those being monitored will be
cancelled.
To display addresses that are being monitored but are not presently on the Programming Console display, press MONTR without designating another address. The addresses being monitored will be shifted to the right. As MONTR is
pressed, the addresses being monitored will continue shifting to the right until
the rightmost address is shifted back onto the display from the left.
During a monitor operation the up and down keys can be pressed to increment
and decrement the leftmost address on the display and CLR can be pressed to
cancel monitoring the leftmost address on the display. If the last address is cancelled, the monitor operation will be cancelled. The monitor operation can also
be cancelled regardless of the number of addresses being monitored by pressing SHIFT and then CLR.
LD and OUT can be used only to designate the first address to be displayed; they
cannot be used when an address is already being monitored.

346

Section 7-1

Monitoring Operation and Modifying Data
Key Sequence

Clears leftmost
address
Cancels monitor
operation

Examples

The following examples show various applications of this monitor operation.

Program Read then Monitor
00100

00100READ
TIM
000
T000
1234
T001
o0000
Indicates Completion flag is ON

00100
TIM

001

Monitor operation
is cancelled

347

Section 7-1

Monitoring Operation and Modifying Data
Bit Monitor
00000

00000
LD

00001

00001
^ ON
00000
CONT

00001

Note The status of TR bits SR flags SR 25503 to 25507 (e.g., the arithmetic flags),
cleared when END(01) is executed, cannot be monitored.
Word Monitor
00000

00000
CHANNEL

000

00000
CHANNEL LR 01
cL01
FFFF
cL00
0000

348

Section 7-1

Monitoring Operation and Modifying Data
+Multiple Address Monitoring
00000

00000
TIM

000

T000
0100
00000 T000
0100
00001 T000
0100
00001 T000
OFF 0100
D000000001 T000
^OFF 0100
D000000001 T000
10FF^ OFF 0100
T000D000000001
0100 10FF^ OFF
D000000001
10FF^ OFF

Cancels monitoring
of leftmost address

00001
^ OFF
00000
CONT

00001

00000
CHANNEL DM 0000

Monitor operation
is cancelled

0000000001
S ONR OFF
Indicates Force Reset
in operation.
Indicates Force Set
in operation.

7-1-2

Forced Set/Reset
When the Bit/Digit Monitor operation is being performed and a bit, timer, or
counter address is leftmost on the display, PLAY/SET can be pressed to turn ON
the bit, start the timer, or increment the counter and REC/RESET can be pressed
to turn OFF the bit or reset the timer or counter. Timers will not operate in PROGRAM mode. SR bits cannot be turned ON and OFF with this operation.

349

Section 7-1

Monitoring Operation and Modifying Data

Bit status will remain ON or OFF only as long as the key is held down; the original
status will return as soon as the key is released. If a timer is started, the completion flag for it will be turned ON when SV has been reached.
SHIFT and PLAY/SET or SHIFT and REC/RESET can be pressed to maintain
the status of the bit after the key is released. The bit will not return to its original
status until the NOT key is pressed, or one of the following conditions is met.

1, 2, 3...

1. The Force Status Clear operation is performed.
2. The PC mode is changed. (See note.)
3. Operation stops due to a fatal error or power interruption.
4. The I/O Table Registration operation is performed.
This operation can be used in MONITOR mode to check wiring of outputs from
the PC prior to actual program execution. This operation cannot be used in RUN
mode.

Note The forced set/reset bit status will be maintained when switching from PROGRAM to MONITOR mode if the Force Status Hold Bit is ON and DM 6601 of the
PC Setup has been set maintain the bit’s status. Refer to 3-6-4 PC Setup for details.
Key Sequence

Example

The following example shows how either bits or timers can be controlled with the
Force Set/Reset operation. The displays shown below are for the following program section.
00100
TIM 000
#0123
TIM 000
00500

Address

Instruction

00200

LD

00201

TIM

Data
00100
000
#

350

00202

LD

00203

OUT

TIM

0123
000
00500

012.3 s

Section 7-1

Monitoring Operation and Modifying Data

The following displays show what happens when TIM 000 is set with 00100 OFF
(i.e., 00500 is turned ON) and what happens when TIM 000 is reset with 00100
ON (i.e., timer starts operation, turning OFF 00500, which is turned back ON
when the timer has finished counting down the SV).
(This example is performed in MONITOR mode.)

0010000500
^ OFF^ OFF

Monitoring 00100 and 00500.

0010000500
= ON^ OFF

Force set bit status.

Indicates that force set/reset is in progress.

0010000500
= OFF^ OFF

Reset the force-set bit.

T0000010000500
^ OFF^ OFF
T0000010000500
0123^ OFF^ OFF
T0000010000500
=0000^ OFF^ ON
T0000010000500
0123^ OFF^ OFF
T0000010000500
o0000^ ON^ ON
T0000010000500
=0123^ ON^ OFF
T0000010000500
0122^ ON^ OFF
T0000010000500
o0000^ ON^ ON

Monitoring TIM 000.
Force setting TIM 000
turns ON 00500.
TIM 000 returns to its original status
when PLAY/SET is released.

Display with 0010 originally ON.

Timer starts timing, turning
00500 OFF.*

When the time is up, 00500
goes ON again.

Indicates that the time is up.
*Timing not done in PROGRAM mode.

7-1-3

Forced Set/Reset Cancel
This operation restores the status of all bits in the I/O, IR, TIM, CNT, HR, AR, or
LR areas which have been force set or reset. It can be performed in PROGRAM
or MONITOR mode.

Key Sequence

When the PLAY/SET and REC/RESET keys are pressed, a beeper will sound. If
you mistakenly press the wrong key, then press CLR and start again from the
beginning.

351

Section 7-1

Monitoring Operation and Modifying Data
Example

The following example shows the displays that appear when Restore Status is
carried out normally.
00000

00000

00000FORCE RELE?

00000FORCE RELE
END

7-1-4

Hexadecimal/BCD Data Modification
When the Bit/Digit Monitor operation is being performed and a BCD or hexadecimal value is leftmost on the display, CHG can be input to change the value. SR
words cannot be changed.
If a timer or counter is leftmost on the display, the PV will be displayed and will be
the value changed. See 7-1-13 Changing Timer/Counter SV for the procedure to
change SV. PV can be changed in MONITOR mode only when the timer or
counter is operating.
To change contents of the leftmost word address, press CHG, input the desired
value, and press WRITE

Key Sequence
Word currently
monitored on
left of display.

352

[ Data ]

Section 7-1

Monitoring Operation and Modifying Data
Example

The following example shows the effects of changing the PV of a timer.
This example is in MONITOR mode

00000

00000
TIM

000

Monitor status of timer PV
that will be changed.

T000
0122
Timing

PRES VAL?
T000 0119 ????

PV decrementing

Timing

PRES VAL?
T000 0100 0200
Timing

T000
0199

PV changed. Timer/counter PVs
can be changed even when the
timer/counter is operating.
Timing

353

Section 7-1

Monitoring Operation and Modifying Data

7-1-5

Hex/ASCII Display Change
This operation converts DM data displays from 4-digit hexadecimal data to ASCII and vice versa.

Key Sequence
Word currently
displayed.

Example

00000

00000
CH DM 0000

Monitor the desired DM word.

D0000
4412

354

D0000
”AB”

Press TR to change the display
to ASCII code.

D0000
4142

Press TR again to return the
display to hexadecimal.

Section 7-1

Monitoring Operation and Modifying Data

7-1-6

4-digit Hex/Decimal Display Change
This operation converts data displays from normal or signed 4-digit hexadecimal
data to decimal and vice versa.
Decimal values from 0 to 65,535 are valid when inputting normal 4-digit hexadecimal data, and decimal values from –32,768 to +32,767 are valid when inputting
signed 4-digit hexadecimal data.

Key Sequence

Single word or
3-word monitor
currently displayed.

[New data]

TR

TR

Clear new input data.

(NOT switches between
normal and signed data.)

Specifies positive
signed data.
Specifies negative
signed data.

Example
cL01D000000001
CFC7 1234R OFF
TR

cL01
-12345
cL01
53191

Monitor the desired word.
(Leftmost word in 3-word monitor.)
Press SHIFT and TR to change the
display to signed decimal.

Press NOT to switch back and forth
between signed and normal data.

cL01
-12345
PRES VAL?
cL01-12345

Press CHG to change the content of the
displayed word.

PRES VAL?
cL01+12345

Press PLAY/SET to specify positive
signed data.

PRES VAL?
cL01+32767

Input the new value.

cL01
+32767
TR

cL01D000000001
7FFF 1234R OFF

Press WRITE to enter the new data to
memory.
Press SHIFT and TR to change the
display back to hexadecimal.

355

Section 7-1

Monitoring Operation and Modifying Data

7-1-7

8-digit Hex/Decimal Display Change
This operation converts data displays from normal or signed, 4 or 8-digit hexadecimal data to decimal and vice versa.
Decimal values from 0 to 4,294,967,295 are valid when inputting normal 8-digit
hexadecimal data, and decimal values from –2,147,483,648 to +2,147,483,647
are valid when inputting signed 8-digit hexadecimal data.

Key Sequence

3-word monitor
currently displayed.

[New data]

TR

TR

Clear new input data.

Specifies positive
signed data.

(NOT switches between
normal and signed data.)

Specifies negative
signed data.

Example
cL01D000000001
8000 1234R OFF
TR

Monitor the first of the desired words.
(Leftmost word in 3-word monitor.)

cL01
-32768

Press SHIFT and TR to change the
display to signed decimal.

cL02 cL01
-0000098304

Press EXT to change the display to
8-digit signed decimal.
(In this case, LR 02 contains FFFE.)

cL02 cL01
4294868992

Press NOT to switch back and forth
between signed and normal data.

cL02 cL01
-0000098304

[New data]

PRES VAL?
cL02-0000098304

Press CHG to change the contents of
the displayed words.

PRES VAL?
cL02+0000098304

Press PLAY/SET to specify positive
signed data.

PRES VAL?
cL02+1234567890

Input the new value.
(1234567890 in this case.)

cL02 cL01
+1234567890
TR

cL01D000000001
02D2 1234R OFF
Rightmost four digits

356

Press WRITE to enter the new data to
memory.
Press SHIFT and TR to change the
display back to hexadecimal.

Section 7-1

Monitoring Operation and Modifying Data

7-1-8

Differentiation Monitor
This operation can be used to monitor the up or down differentiation status of bits
in the IR, SR, AR, LR, HR, and TC areas. To monitor up or down differentiation
status, display the desired bit leftmost on the bit monitor display, and then press
SHIFT and the Up or Down Arrow Key.
A CLR entry changes the Differentiation Monitor operation back to a normal bit
monitor display.

Key Sequence
Bit monitor in progress

Example
L000000108H2315
OFF OFF ON

Monitor the desired bit so that it is
leftmost on the screen.

L000000108H2315
U@OFF OFF ON

Press SHIFT and Up Arrow to
specify up differentiation (U@).
(Press SHIFT and Down Arrow to
specify down differentiation (D@).
The buzzer will sound when up
(U@) or down (D@) differentiation is
detected.

L000000108H2315
OFF OFF ON

The original bit monitor display will
return when differentiation
monitoring is completed.

D0002
0123

Press CLR to cancel differentiation
monitoring and return to the original
bit monitor display.

357

Section 7-1

Monitoring Operation and Modifying Data

7-1-9

3-word Monitor
To monitor three consecutive words together, specify the lowest numbered
word, press MONTR, and then press EXT to display the data contents of the
specified word and the two words that follow it.
A CLR entry changes the Three-word Monitor operation to a single-word display.

Key Sequence
Single-word monitor in progress

Example

00000

00000
CHANNEL DM 0000

Specify the first of the 3 words
you want to monitor.

D0000
89AB
D0002D0001D0000
0123 4567 89AB
D0003D0002D0001
ABCD 0123 4567

Press the Up and Down Arrow
keys to change word addresses.

D0004D0003D0002
EF00 ABCD 0123
D0005D0004D0003
1111 EF00 ABCD
D0004D0003D0002
EF00 ABCD 0123
D0002
0123

7-1-10 3-word Data Modification
This operation changes the contents of a word during the 3-Word Monitor operation. The blinking square indicates where the data can be changed. After the
new data value is keyed in, pressing WRITE causes the original data to be overwritten with the new data. If CLR is pressed before WRITE, the change operation
will be cancelled and the previous 3-word Monitor operation will resume.
This operation cannot be used to change SR 253 through SR 255. Only those
words displayed on the 3-word Monitor display can be changed.
Key Sequence

3 words currently
displayed

358

[ Data ]

Section 7-1

Monitoring Operation and Modifying Data
Example

D0002D0001D0000
0123 4567 89AB

3-word Monitor
in progress.

D0002 3CH CHG?
=0123 4567 89AB

Stops in the middle
of monitoring.

D0002 3CH CHG?
0001 4567 89AB

Input new data.

D0002 3CH CHG?
0001=4567 89AB
D0002 3CH CHG?
0001=2345 89AB
D0002D0001D0000
0001 2345 89AB
D0002D0001D0000
0001 4567 89AB

7-1-11

Resumes previous
monitoring.

Binary Monitor
You can specify that the contents of a monitored word be displayed in binary by
pressing SHIFT and MONTR after the word address has been input. Words can
be successively monitored by using the up and down keys to increment and decrement the displayed word address. To clear the binary display, press CLR.

Key Sequence

[Word]

Binary
monitor clear
All monitor
clear

359

Section 7-1

Monitoring Operation and Modifying Data
Example

00000

00000
CHANNEL

000

c000 MONTR
0000000000001111
c001 MONTR
0000010101010100
00000
CHANNEL

001

00000

00000
CHANNEL DM 0000
D0000
FFFF
D0000 MONTR
1111111111111111
D0000
FFFF
00000
CHANNEL DM 0000

0000S0100R0110SR
Indicates Force Reset
in effect
Indicates Force Set
in effect

360

Monitoring Operation and Modifying Data

Section 7-1

7-1-12 Binary Data Modification
This operation assigns a new 16-digit binary value to an IR, HR, AR, LR, or DM
word.
The cursor, which can be shifted to the left with the up key and to the right with the
down key, indicates the position of the bit that can be changed. After positioning
to the desired bit, a 0 or a 1 can then be entered as the new bit value. The bit can
also be Force Set or Force Reset by pressing SHIFT and either PLAY/SET or
REC/RESET. An S or R will then appear at that bit position. Pressing the NOT
key will clear the force status, S will change to 1, and R to o. After a bit value has
been changed, the blinking square will appear at the next position to the right of
the changed bit.
Key Sequence
Word currently
displayed in binary.

(Force Status Clear)

361

Section 7-1

Monitoring Operation and Modifying Data
Example

00000

00000
CHANNEL

000

00000
CHANNEL

001

c001 MONTR
0000010101010101
c001 CHG?
=000010101010101
c001 CHG?
1=00010101010101
c001 CHG?
10=0010101010101
c001 CHG?
100=010101010101
c001 CHG?
100S=10101010101
c001 CHG?
100=010101010101
c001 CHG?
10=S010101010101
c001 CHG?
1=RS010101010101
c001 MONTR
10RS010101010101
IR bit 00115

IR bit 00100

7-1-13 Changing Timer/Counter SV
There are two ways to change the SV of a timer or counter. It can be done either
by inputting a new value; or by incrementing or decrementing the current SV.
Either method can be used only in MONITOR or PROGRAM mode. In MONITOR mode, the SV can be changed while the program is being executed. Incrementing and decrementing the SV is possible only when the SV has been entered as a constant.
To use either method, first display the address of the timer or counter whose SV
is to be changed, presses the down key, and then press CHG. The new value
can then be input numerically and WRITE pressed to change the SV or EXT can
be pressed followed by the up and down keys to increment and decrement the
current SV. When the SV is incremented and/or decremented, CLR can be
pressed once to change the SV to the incremented or decremented value but
remaining in the display that appeared when EXT was pressed or CLR can be
pressed twice to return to the original display with the new SV.
This operation can be used to change a SV from designation as a constant to a
word address designation and visa verse.

362

Section 7-1

Monitoring Operation and Modifying Data
Key Sequence

Example
Inputting New SV and
Changing to Word
Designation

The following examples show inputting a new constant, changing from a constant to an address, and incrementing to a new constant.
00000

00000
TIM

000

00201SRCH
TIM
000
00201 TIM DATA
#0123
00201 TIM DATA
T000 #0123 #????
00201 TIM DATA
T000 #0123 #0124
00201 TIM DATA
#0124
00201 DATA?
T000 #0123 c???
00201 DATA?
T000 #0123 c010
00201 TIM DATA
010

363

Section 7-1

Monitoring Operation and Modifying Data
Incrementing and
Decrementing

00000

00000
TIM

000

00201SRCH
TIM
000
00201 TIM DATA
#0123
00201 TIM DATA
T000 #0123 #????
00201DATA ? U/D
T000 #0123 #0123
Current SV (during
change operation)
SV before the change

00201DATA ?
T000 #0123 #0122
00201DATA ?
T000 #0123 #0123
00201DATA ?
T000 #0123 #0124
00201DATA ?
T000 #0124 #????
00201 TIM DATA
#0124

364

Returns to original display
with new SV

Section 7-1

Monitoring Operation and Modifying Data

7-1-14 Expansion Instruction Function Code Assignments
This operation is used to read or change the function codes assigned to expansion instructions. There are 18 function codes that can be assigned to expansion
instructions: 17, 18, 19, 47, 48, 60 to 69, and 87 to 89. More than one function
code can be assigned to an expansion instruction.
Note Function Code Assignments can be read in any mode, but can be changed in
PROGRAM mode only.
Key Sequence

Example

00000

Press CLR to bring up the initial
display.

INST TBL READ
FUN17:ASFT

Press EXT to begin displaying function
code assignments.

INST TBL READ
FUN18:SRCH

Press the Up and Down Arrow keys to
scroll through the function code
assignments.

INST TBL READ
FUN17:ASFT

The Up Arrow key displays function
codes in ascending order:
17, 18, ... , 89, 17, 18, ...

INST TBL READ
FUN18:SRCH

The Down Arrow key displays function
codes in descending order:
17, 89, 88, ... 17, 89, ...

INST TBL CHG?
FUN18:SRCH→????

Press CHG to change the displayed
function code assignment.

INST TBL CHG?
FUN18:SRCH→MCMP

Press the Up and Down Arrow keys to
scroll through the instructions.

INST TBL CHG?
FUN18:SRCH→PID
INST TBL READ
FUN18:PID

Press WRITE to enter the change into
memory.

D0002
0123

Press CLR to return to the initial
display.

365

Section 7-1

Monitoring Operation and Modifying Data

7-1-15 UM Area Allocation
This operation is used to allocate part of the UM Area for use as expansion DM. It
can be performed in PROGRAM mode only. Memory allocated to expansion DM
is deducted from the ladder program area.
The amount of memory available for the ladder program depends on the amount
of RAM in the CPU. About 15.2 KW of memory is available with the16-KW RAM
and about 31.2 KW is available with the 32-KW RAM.
This operation cannot be used to allocate UM to the I/O comment area. UM can
be allocated to the I/O comment area only with a host computer equipped with
LSS (V6 or higher).
Key Sequence
Clear memory when
changing allocation

FUN

VER

CHG

[New data]

PLAY
SET

B

9

7

D

1

3

WRITE

CLR

Example

VER

00000

Clear memory completely if the UM Area
allocation will be changed.

DM CM LAD
00 00 15.2

The current UM Area allocation will be displayed.
“??” will be displayed if the allocation information
has been lost.

UMAREA CHG?
INI DM SIZ:00KW

Press CHG to change the UM Area allocation.

UMAREA CHG?
INI DM SIZ:02KW

Expansion DM can be set to 00, 01, 02, or 03 KW.

UMAREA SET: CHG
????

Enter the password by pressing PLAY/SET and
9713.

UMAREA SET: CHG
9713
DM CM LAD
02 00 13.2
00000

366

The new UM Area allocation will be displayed. UM
allocated to expansion DM is deducted from the
ladder program.
Press CLR to return to the initial display.

Section 7-1

Monitoring Operation and Modifying Data

7-1-16 Reading and Setting the Clock
This operation is used to read or set the CPU’s clock. The clock can be read in
any mode, but it can be set in MONITOR or PROGRAM mode only.
The CPU will reject entries outside of the acceptable range, i.e., 01 to 12 for the
month, 01 to 31 for the day of the month, 00 to 06 for the day of the week, or 00 to
60 for the seconds, but it will not recognize non-existent dates, such as 2/31.

Example
00000
Press CLR to bring up the initial display.

FUN

TIM 93-01-06
14:25:57 FRI(5)

The display will monitor the current date and time.

TIM CHG?93-01-06
14:25:58 FRI(5)

Press CHG to change the date and/or time. The “9”
in “93” will blink, indicating that it can be changed.

TIM CHG?93-01-06
14:25:59 FRI(5)

Press the Up and Down Arrow keys to move the
cursor through the data and time settings. Input
new values to change settings if necessary.

TIM CHG?93-01-06
14:26:00 FRI(5)
TIM CHG?93-01-06
14:26:01 FRI(5)

In this case, a “0” was input to replace the “8”.

00000
Press CLR to return to the initial display.

7-1-17 Expansion Keyboard Mapping
This operation is used to control the ON/OFF status of bits SR 27700 through
SR 27909 by pressing keys on the Programming Console’s keyboard. The
C200HS also supports the C200H’s Keyboard Mapping operation, which controls the status of bits in AR 22. These operations can be performed in any PC
mode, but the Programming Console must be in TERMINAL or expansion TERMINAL mode.
To enable expansion keyboard mapping, pin 6 of the CPU’s DIP switch and
AR 0709 must be ON and AR 0708 must be OFF.
Bits turned ON with this operation can be turned OFF by toggling AR 0708. Turn
AR 0709 OFF to stop expansion keyboard mapping and switch the Programming Console from Expansion TERMINAL mode to CONSOLE mode.
TERMINAL Mode

PROGRAM

The Programming Console can be put into TERMINAL mode by pressing CHG
or executing TERM(48) in the program. Pin 6 of the CPU’s DIP switch must be
OFF.
BZ
CONSOLE mode


NO MESSAGE
PROGRAM

Switch the Programming Console to TERMINAL
mode by pressing CHG or executing TERM(48).

BZ

Press CHG again to return to CONSOLE mode.

367

Section 7-1

Monitoring Operation and Modifying Data
Expansion TERMINAL Mode

PROGRAM

The Programming Console can be put into Expansion TERMINAL mode by turning ON AR 0709. Pin 6 of the CPU’s DIP switch must be ON.
BZ
CONSOLE mode


NO MESSAGE
PROGRAM

Switch the Programming Console to Expansion
TERMINAL mode by turning AR 0709 ON.

BZ

Turn AR 0709 OFF to return to CONSOLE mode.

7-1-18 Keyboard Mapping
The C200HS supports the expansion keyboard mapping as well as normal keyboard mapping. Expansion keyboard mapping controls the status of the 41 bits
SR 27700 through SR 27909, while normal keyboard mapping controls only the
16 bits in AR 22. The status of these bits can be controlled by pressing the corresponding Programming Console keys when the Programming Console is in
TERMINAL mode or expansion TERMINAL mode.
The following diagram shows how to switch the Programming Console between
CONSOLE mode (normal operating mode) and TERMINAL or expansion TERMINAL mode.
Press the CHG Key or
execute TERM(48).
TERMINAL mode
(DIP switch pin 6 OFF)

Turn ON AR 0709.
CONSOLE mode

Press the CHG key.

Expansion TERMINAL mode
(DIP switch pin 6 ON)
Turn OFF AR 0709
or turn OFF DIF switch pin 6.

TERMINAL Mode

The Programming Console can be put into TERMINAL mode by pressing CHG
or executing TERM(48) in the program. Pin 6 of the CPU’s DIP switch must be
OFF.
Press the CHG key again to return to CONSOLE mode.
When the Programming Console is in TERMINAL mode it can perform normal
keyboard mapping and display messages output by MSG(46) or LMSG(47).
With keyboard mapping, bits 00 to 15 of AR 22 will be turned ON when keys 0 to
F are pressed on the Programming Console’s keyboard. A bit will remain ON
after the Programming Console’s key is released.
All bits in AR 22 will be turned OFF when AR 0708 is turned ON. Keyboard mapping inputs are disabled when AR 0708 is ON.
In addition to the keyboard mapping function, TERMINAL mode allows messages output by MSG(46) and LMSG(47) to be displayed on the Programming
Console. These messages will be erased if the Programming Console is switch
back to CONSOLE mode.

Expansion TERMINAL Mode

The Programming Console can be put into Expansion TERMINAL mode by turning ON AR 0709. Pin 6 of the CPU’s DIP switch must be ON.
Turn off AR 0709 or pin 6 of the CPU’s DIP switch to return to CONSOLE mode.
When the Programming Console is in TERMINAL mode it can perform expansion keyboard mapping and display messages output by MSG(46) or
LMSG(47). With expansion keyboard mapping, bits SR 27700 through
SR 27909 will be turned ON when the corresponding key is pressed on the Programming Console’s keyboard. A bit will remain ON after the Programming Console’s key is released.

368

Section 7-1

Monitoring Operation and Modifying Data

All bits from SR 27700 through SR 27909 will be turned OFF when AR 0708 is
turned ON. Expansion keyboard mapping inputs are disabled when AR 0708 is
ON.
In addition to the keyboard mapping function, expansion TERMINAL mode allows messages output by MSG(46) and LMSG(47) to be displayed on the Programming Console. These messages will be erased if the Programming Console is switch back to CONSOLE mode.
The following diagram shows the correspondence between the position of Programming Console keys and bits in the SR Area. Each key corresponds 1 to 1
with a bit. Shifted inputs are not recognized. Keys 0 to 15 correspond to bits
SR 27700 to SR 27715, keys 16 to 31 correspond to bits SR 27800 to SR 27815,
and keys 32 to 41 correspond to bits SR 27900 to SR 27909.

FUN key

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

40

41

The following table shows the correspondence between the actual Programming Console keys and bits SR 27700 to SR 27909.
SR word
277

Bit

Corresponding key(s)

00
FUN

01
02
03

*1

04

*2

05
06
07
08
09
10
11

369

Section 7-1

Monitoring Operation and Modifying Data
SR word
277

Bit
12
13
14
15

278

00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
11
12
13
14
15

279

00
01
02

370

Corresponding key(s)

Section 7-1

Monitoring Operation and Modifying Data
SR word
279

Bit

Corresponding key(s)

03
04
05

*3

06
07
VER

08
09

371

SECTION 8
Communications
This section provides an overview of the communications features provided by the C200HS.
8-1
8-2

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Parameters for Host Link and RS-232C Communications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8-2-1
Standard Communications Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8-2-2
Specific Communications Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8-2-3
Wiring Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8-2-4
Host Link Communications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8-2-5
RS-232C Communications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8-2-6
One-to-one Link Communications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8-2-7
NT Links . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

374
374
375
376
377
377
379
382
384

373

Parameters for Host Link and RS-232C Communications

8-1

Section 8-2

Introduction
The C200HS supports the following types of communications.
• Communications with Programming Devices (e.g., Programming Console,
LSS, or SSS.)
• Host Link communications with personal computers and other external devices.
• RS-232C (no-protocol) communications with personal computers and other
external devices.
• One-to-one link communications with another C200HS CPU or a CQM1 CPU.
• NT link communications with Programmable Terminals (PTs) equipped with an
NT link interface.
This section describes the connection methods and application of all of these
different types of communications except for communications with Programming Devices, which is described elsewhere in this manual.
Note

1. One-to-one link communications are possible only with CPUs that have an
RS-232C port. They are not possible with the C200HS-CPU01-E/03-E
2. Refer to documentation on the NT-series Interface Units for details on NT
link communications.
3. One-to-one link communications and NT link communications are not possible through the peripheral port.

8-2

Parameters for Host Link and RS-232C Communications
The parameters in the PC Setup described in this section are used both by Host
Link communications and RS-232C (no-protocol) communications. These parameters must be set in advance to enable communications.
Note

1. PC Setup parameters in DM 6645 to DM 6654 can be set under the PC Setup item on the Utility Menu.
2. The parameters set in the PC Setup will be ignored and the following communications settings will be used if pin 5 on the C200HS CPU’s DIP switch is
turned ON.
Item

Setting

Communications mode

Host Link

Unit no.

00

Start bits

1

Data length

7

Stop bits

2

Parity

Even

Baud rate

9,600 bps

Transmission delay

None

Note The above settings apply to CPUs manufactured from July 1995 (lot number
**75 for July 1995). For CPUs manufactured before July 1995 (lot number **65
for June 1995), only 1 stop bit will be set and the baud rate will be 2,400 bps.

374

Parameters for Host Link and RS-232C Communications

Section 8-2

8-2-1 Standard Communications Parameters
The settings in DM 6645 and DM 6650 determine the main communications parameters, as shown in the following diagram.
The settings in bits 00 through 07 and bits 12 through 15 are valid only when pin
5 on the CPU’s DIP switch is OFF. Bits 08 though 11 are valid only in a PC set as
the master for a 1:1 link.
Bit 15

0

DM 6645: RS-232C port
DM 6650: Peripheral port
Communications mode
0: Host link
1: RS-232C
2: One-to-one link slave
3: One-to-one link master
4: NT link
Link words for one-to-one link
0: LR 00 to LR 63
1: LR 00 to LR 31
2: LR 00 to LR 16
Port settings
00: Standard communication parameters
01: According to setting in DM 6646 and DM 6651 (
(defaults: standard communications parameter and
Host Link mode)

The standard communications parameters are as shown in the following table.
Item

Setting

Start bits

1

Data length

7

Stop bits

2

Parity

Even

Baud rate

9,600 bps

Be sure to set the proper communications mode.
If the above parameters are acceptable, set the rightmost two digits (port settings) to 00. To change the parameters, use the setting described next.

375

Parameters for Host Link and RS-232C Communications

Section 8-2

8-2-2 Specific Communications Parameters
The following settings are valid only when pin 5 on the CPU’s DIP switch is
turned OFF and DM 6645 and DM 6655 are set to specify using the settings in
words DM 6646 and DM 6656.
Be sure to set the communications parameters to the same settings for both
ends of the communications.

Bit 15

0

DM 6646: RS-232C port
DM 6651: Peripheral port

Transmission Frame Format (See table below.)
Baud rate (See table below.)

Transmission Frame
Format

Setting

Data length

Stop bits

1

7

1

Even

01

1

7

1

Odd

02

1

7

1

None

03

1

7

2

Even

04

1

7

2

Odd

05

1

7

2

None

06

1

8

1

Even

07

1

8

1

Odd

08

1

8

1

None

09

1

8

2

Even

10

1

8

2

Odd

11

1

8

2

None

Setting

Baud rate

00

1,200 bps

01

2,400 bps

02

4,800 bps

03

9,600 bps

04

19,200 bps

Depending on the devices connected to the RS-232C port, it may be necessary
to allow time for transmission. When that is the case, set the transmission delay
to regulate the amount of time allowed.

Bit 15
DM 6647: RS-232C port
DM 6652: Peripheral port
Transmission delay (4 digits BCD; unit: 10 ms)
Set to 0000 to 9999 (i.e., 0 to 99.9 s)
Default: No delay

376

Parity

00

Baud Rate

Transmission Delay Time

Stop bits

0

Parameters for Host Link and RS-232C Communications

Section 8-2

8-2-3 Wiring Ports
Use the wiring diagram shown below as a guide in wiring the port to the external
device. Refer to documentation provided with the computer or other external device for wire details for it.
The connections between the C200HS and a personal computer are illustrated
below as an example.
C200HS

Personal computer

Signal

Pin
No.

Pin
No.

Signal

FG

1

1

–

SD

2

2

RD

RD

3

3

SD

RS

4

4

DTR

CS

5

5

SG

–

6

6

DSR

–

7

7

RS

–

8

8

CS

SG

9

9

–

Shielded cable

Applicable Connectors
The following connectors are applicable. One plug and one hood are included
with the CPU.
Plug: XM2A-0901 (OMRON) or equivalent
Hood: XM2S-0901 (OMRON) or equivalent
Note Ground the FG terminal on the C200HS and at the computer to 100 Ω or less.
Refer to the C200HS Installation Manual and to the documentation for your computer for details.

8-2-4 Host Link Communications
This section describes the PC Setup parameters and communications procedure for the Host Link communications mode.
Host link communications were developed by OMRON to connect PCs and one
or more host computers by RS-232C cable, and to control PCs through communications from the host computer. Normally the host computer issues a command to a PC, and the PC automatically sends back a response. Thus the communications are carried out without the PCs being actively involved. The PCs
also have the ability to initiate data transmissions when direct involvement is
necessary.
In general, there are two means for implementing host link communications.
One is based on C-mode commands, and the other on FINS (CV-mode) commands. The C200HS supports C-mode commands only. For details on host link
communications, refer to Section 11 Host Link Commands.
The C200HS supports Host Link communications either through the peripheral
or RS-232C port, or though Host Link Units (#0 and #1) mounted to the PC. The
Host Link Units include the C200H-LD201-V1, C200H-LD202-V1, and C200HLK101-PV1.
Note The leftmost two digits of DM 6645 and/or DM 6650 must be set to 00 to enable
the Host Link Mode. Also, set the rightmost two digits of DM 6645 and DM 6655
and all digits of DM 6646 and DM 6656 to the required communications parameters before attempting to use Host Link communications.

377

Parameters for Host Link and RS-232C Communications
PC Setup

Section 8-2

The following parameter in the PC Setup is used only when the Host Link communications mode is being used.
Host Link Node Number
A node number must be set for host link communications to differentiate between nodes when multiple nodes are participating in communications.
Set the node number to 00 unless multiple nodes are connected in a network.
Bit 15
DM 6648: RS-232C port
DM 6653: Peripheral port

0

0

0

Node number
(2 digits BCD): 00 to 31
Default: 00

Communications Procedure

This section explains how to use the host link to execute data transmissions from
the C200HS. Using this method enables automatic data transmission from the
C200HS when data is changed, and thus simplifies the communications process by eliminating the need for constant monitoring by the computer.

1, 2, 3...

1. Check to see that SR 26405 (RS-232C Port Transmit Ready Flag) or
SR 26413 (Peripheral Port Transmit Ready Flag) is ON. If using Host Link
Units, check SR 26705 for Unit #0 and SR 26713 for Unit #1.
2. Use the TXD(––) instruction to transmit the data.
S: Address of first word of transmission data

(@)TXD
S
C
N

C: Control data
0000:
1000:
2000:
3000:

RS-232C port
Peripheral port
Host Link Unit #0
Host Link Unit #1

N: Number of bytes of data to be sent (4 digits BCD)
0000 to 0061

3. From the time this instruction is executed until the data transmission is complete, SR 26405, SR 26413, SR 26705, or SR 26713 will remain OFF. The
bits for the RS-232C or peripheral port will turn ON again upon completion of
the data transmission. The bits for the Host Link Units will turn ON again
when the data transmission has been passed to the Host Link Unit.
4. The TXD(––) instruction does not provide for a response, so in order to receive confirmation that the computer has received the data, the computer’s
program must be written so that it gives notification when data is written from
the C200HS.
Note

@

x 101 x 100
Node
No.

1. The transmission data frame is as shown below for data transmitted in the
Host Link mode by means of the TXD(––) instruction.
E

X

Header code
(Must be “EX”)

:
Data (up to 122 characters)

FCS

↵

Terminator

2. To reset the RS-232C port (i.e., to restore the initial status), turn ON
SR 25209. To reset the peripheral port, turn ON SR 25208. These bits will
turn OFF automatically after the reset. Host Link Unit #0 is reset using
SR 25213 and Host Link Unit #1 is reset using SR 25207.
3. If the TXD(––) instruction is executed while the C200HS is in the middle of
responding to a command from the computer, the response transmission
will first be completed before the transmission is executed according to the

378

Parameters for Host Link and RS-232C Communications

Section 8-2

TXD(––) instruction. In all other cases, data transmission based on a
TXD(––) instruction will be given first priority.
Application Example

This example shows a program for using the RS-232C port in the Host Link
mode to transmit 10 bytes of data (DM 0000 to DM 0004) to a computer. From
DM 0000 to DM 0004, “1234” is stored in every word.
The default values are assumed for all of the PC Setup (i.e., the RS-232C port is
used in Host Link mode, the node number is 00, and the standard communications parameters are used.)

00100 SR 26405
@TXD
DM 0000
#0000
#0010

If SR 26405 (the Transmit Ready Flag) is ON
when IR 00100 turns ON, the ten bytes of
data (DM 0000 to DM 0004) will be transmitted.

The following type of program must be prepared in the host computer to receive
the data. This program allows the computer to read and display the data received from the PC while a host link read command is being executed to read
data from the PC.
10 ’C200HS SAMPLE PROGRAM FOR EXCEPTION
20 CLOSE 1
30 CLS
40 OPEN “COM:E73” AS #1
50 :KEYIN
60 INPUT “DATA ––––––––”,S$
70 IF S$=” ” THEN GOTO 190
80 PRINT “SEND DATA = ”;S$
90 ST$=S$
100 INPUT “SEND OK? Y or N?=”,B$
110 IF B$=”Y” THEN GOTO 130 ELSE GOTO :KEYIN
120 S$=ST$
130 PRINT #1,S$
’Sends command to PC
140 INPUT #1,R$
’Receives response from PC
150 PRINT “RECV DATA = ”;R$
160 IF MID$(R$,4,2)=”EX” THEN GOTO 210 ’Identifies command from PC
170 IF RIGHT$(R$,1)<>”:” THEN S$=” ”:GOTO 130
180 GOTO :KEYIN
190 CLOSE 1
200 END
210 PRINT “EXCEPTION!! DATA”
220 GOTO 140
The data received by the computer will be as shown below. The FCS is “59.”
“@00EX1234123412341234123459:CR”

8-2-5 RS-232C Communications
This section explains RS-232C communications. By using RS-232C communications, the data can be printed out by a printer or read by a bar code reader.
Handshaking is not supported for RS-232C communications.
Note The leftmost two digits of DM 6645 and/or DM 6650 must be set to 10 to enable
the RS-232C communications. Also, set the rightmost two digits of DM 6645 and
DM 6655 and all digits of DM 6646 and DM 6656 to the required communications
parameters before attempting to use Host Link communications.

379

Parameters for Host Link and RS-232C Communications
PC Setup

Section 8-2

Start and end codes or the amount of data to be received can be set as shown in
the following diagrams if required for RS-232C communications. This setting is
required only for RS-232C communications.
The following settings are valid only with pin 5 on the CPU’s DIP switch is turned
OFF.
Enabling Start and End Codes
DM 6648: RS-232C port
DM 6653: Peripheral port

Bit

15

0

0

0

End code usage
0: Not set (Amount of reception data specified.)
1: Set (End code specified.)
2: CR/LF
Start code usage
0: Not set
1: Set (Start code specified.)
Defaults: No start code; data reception complete at 256 bytes.

Specify whether or not a start code is to be set at the beginning of the data, and
whether or not an end code is to be set at the end. Instead of setting the end
code, it is possible to specify the number of bytes to be received before the reception operation is completed. Both the codes and the number of bytes of data
to be received are set in DM 6649 or DM 6654.
Setting the Start Code, End Code, and Amount of Reception Data
Bit 15

0

DM 6649: RS-232C port
DM 6654: Peripheral port

End code or number of bytes to be received
For end code: (00 to FF)
For amount of reception data: 2 digits hexadecimal, 00 to FF (00: 256 bytes)
Start code 00 to FF
Defaults: No start code; data reception complete at 256 bytes.

Communications Procedure
Transmissions

1, 2, 3...

1. Check to see that SR 26413 (Peripheral Port Transmit Ready Flag) or
SR 26405 (RS-232C Port Transmit Ready Flag) is ON.
2. Use the TXD(––) instruction to transmit the data.
(@)TXD

S: Address of first word of data to be transmitted
S
C
N

C: Control data
Bits 00 to 03
0: Leftmost bytes first
1: Rightmost bytes first
Bits 12 to 15
0: RS-232C port
1: Peripheral port
N: Number of bytes to be transmitted (4 digits BCD),
0000 to 0256

3. From the time this instruction is executed until the data transmission is complete, SR 26405 (or SR 25413 for the peripheral port) will remain OFF. It will
turn ON again upon completion of the data transmission.

380

Parameters for Host Link and RS-232C Communications

Section 8-2

Start and end codes are not included when the number of bytes to be transmitted
is specified. The largest transmission that can be sent with or without start and
end codes in 256 bytes, i.e., N will be between 254 and 256 depending on the
designations for start and end codes. If the number of bytes to be sent is set to
0000, only the start and end codes will be sent.
256 bytes max.

Start code

Data

End code

To reset the RS-232C port (i.e., to restore the initial status), turn on SR 25209. To
reset the peripheral port, turn on SR 25208. These bits will turn OFF automatically after the reset.
Receptions

1, 2, 3...

1. Check to see that SR 26414 (Peripheral Port Reception Ready Flag) or
SR 26406 (RS-232C Port Reception Ready Flag) is ON.
2. Use the RXD(––) instruction to receive the data.
(@)RXD

D: Leading word no. for storing reception data
D
C
N

C: Control data
Bits 00 to 03
0: Leftmost bytes first
1: Rightmost bytes first
Bits 12 to 15
0: RS-232C port
1: Peripheral port
N: Number of bytes stored (4 digits BCD), 0000 to 0256
(including start and end bits)

3. The status resulting from reading the data received will be stored in the SR
Area. Check to see that the operation was successfully completed. The contents of these bits will be reset each time RXD(––) is executed.
RS-232C

Peripheral

SR 26400 to
SR 26403

SR 26408 to
SR 2641

Communications port error code (1 digit BCD)
0: Normal completion
1: Parity error
2: Framing error
3: Overrun error

Error

SR 26404

SR 26412

Communications error

SR 26407

SR 26415

Reception Overrun Flag (After reception was completed, the subsequent data was received before the
data was read by means of the RXD instruction.)

SR 265

SR 266

Number of bytes received (not including start and
end bits)

Note The contents of SR 265 and SR 266 may not be zero when power is turned on or
when the communications cable is attached. Execute a dummy RXD(––) or reset the communications port to reset these words to zero.
To reset the RS-232C port (i.e., to restore the initial status), turn ON SR 25209.
To reset the peripheral port, turn ON SR 25208. These bits will turn OFF automatically after the reset.
Note Always program the Transmit Ready Flag in a NO condition on the instruction
line to TXD(––) to ensure that this Flag is ON before the transmission can be
executed.

381

Parameters for Host Link and RS-232C Communications
Application Example

Section 8-2

This example shows a program for using the RS-232C port in the RS-232C
mode to transmit 10 bytes of data (DM 0100 to DM 0104) to the computer, and to
store the data received from the computer in the DM area beginning with
DM 0200. Before executing the program, the following PC Setup setting must be
made.
DM 6645: 1000 (RS-232C port in RS-232C mode; standard communications
conditions)
DM 6648: 2000 (No start code; end code CR/LF)
The default values are assumed for all other PC Setup settings. From DM 0100
to DM 0104, 3132 is stored in every word. From the computer, execute a program to receive C200HS data with the standard communications conditions.
00100
DIFU(13)

00101

00101 SR 26405
@TXD
DM 0100
#0000

If SR 26405 (the Transmit Ready Flag) is ON
when IR 00100 turns ON, the ten bytes of data
(DM 0100 to DM 0104) will be transmitted, leftmost bytes first.

#0010
SR 26406
@RXD
DM 0200
#0000
265

When SR 26406 (Reception Completed Flag)
goes ON, the number of bytes of data specified in
SR 265 will be read from the C200HS’s reception
buffer and stored in memory starting at DM 0200,
leftmost bytes first.

The data will be as follows:
“31323132313231323132CR LF”

8-2-6 One-to-one Link Communications
If two C200HSs or one C200HS and one CQM1 are linked one-to-one by connecting them together through their RS-232C ports, they can share common LR
areas. When two PCs are linked one-to-one, one of them will serve as the master and the other as the slave.
Note The peripheral port cannot be used for 1:1 links.
One-to-one Links

A one-to-one link allows two C200HSs (or a CQM1) to share common data in
their LR areas. As shown in the diagram below, when data is written into a word
the LR area of one of the linked Units, it will automatically be written identically
into the same word of the other Unit. Each PC has specified words to which it can
write and specified words that are written to by the other PC. Each can read, but
cannot write, the words written by the other PC.
Master

Master area

Slave
1

Write “1”

Master area

Written automatically.
Slave area

1

1

Write Slave area

The word used by each PC will be as shown in the following table, according to
the settings for the master, slave, and link words.
DM 6645 setting

Wiring

LR 00 to LR 63

LR 00 to LR 31

LR 00 to LR 15

Master words

LR00 to LR31

LR00 to LR15

LR00 to LR07

Slave words

LR32 to LR63

LR16 to LR31

LR08 to LR15

Wire the cable as shown in the diagram below using the connector listed.
Applicable Connectors
The following connectors are applicable. One plug and one hood are included
with the CPU.

382

Parameters for Host Link and RS-232C Communications

Section 8-2

Plug: XM2A-0901 (OMRON) or equivalent
Hood: XM2S-0901 (OMRON) or equivalent
C200HS

C200HS

Signal
Abb.

Pin
No.

Pin
No.

Signal
Abb.

FG

1

1

FG

SD

2

2

SD

RD

3

3

RD

RS

4

4

RS

CS

5

5

CS

–

6

6

–

–

7

7

–

–

8

8

–

SG

9

9

SG

Note Ground the FG terminals the C200HS to a resistance of 100 Ω or less.
PC Setup

To use a 1:1 link, the only settings necessary are the communications mode and
the link words. Set the communications mode for one of the PCs to the 1:1 master and the other to the 1:1 slave, and then set the link words in the PC designated as the master. Bits 08 to 11 are valid only for the master for link one-to-one.
Bit 15

0

DM 6645: RS-232C port

Communications mode
2: One-to-one link slave
3: One-to-one link master
Link words for one-to-one link
0: LR 00 to LR 63
1: LR 00 to LR 31
2: LR 00 to LR 16
Port settings
00: Standard communication parameters

Communications Procedure

If the settings for the master and the slave are made correctly, then the one-toone link will be automatically started up simply by turning on the power supply to
both the C200HSs and operation will be independent of the C200HS operating
modes.

Application Example

This example shows a program for verifying the conditions for executing a oneto-one link using the RS-232C ports. Before executing the program, set the following PC Setup parameters.
Master: DM 6645: 3200 (one-to-one link master; Area used: LR 00 to LR 15)
Slave: DM 6645: 2000 (one-to-one link slave)
The defaults are assumed for all other PC Setup parameters. The words used
for the one-to-one link are as shown below.
LR00

Master
Area for writing

LR07
LR08
LR15

Area for reading

Slave

LR00

Area for reading
Area for writing

LR07
LR08
LR15

383

Parameters for Host Link and RS-232C Communications

Section 8-2

When the program is executed at both the master and the slave, the status of
IR 001 of each Unit will be reflected in IR 100 of the other Unit. IR 001 is an input
word and IR 100 is an output word.
In the Master
25313 (Always ON)
MOV(21)
001
LR00

MOV(21)
LR08
100

In the Slave
25313 (Always ON)
MOV(21)
001
LR08

MOV(21)
LR00
100

8-2-7 NT Links
NT links can be established by connecting the RS-232C port of the C200HS to
the NT Link Interface Unit of a Programmable Terminal.
Note The peripheral port cannot be used for NT links.
NT Links

NT link allow high-speed communications with a Programmable Terminal
through direct access of PC memory.

PC Setup

Only the following setting is necessary.
Bit 15
DM 6645: RS-232C port

0

4

0

0

0

Communications mode
4: NT link

Application

384

Refer to documentation provided for the NT Link Interface Unit for details on actual application of an NT link.

SECTION 9
Memory Cassette Operations
This section describes how to manage both UM Area and IOM data via Memory Cassettes. mounted in the CPU.
9-1
9-2
9-3
9-4

Memory Cassettes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Memory Cassette Settings and Flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
UM Area Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
IOM Area Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

386
386
387
388

385

Section 9-2

Memory Cassette Settings and Flags

9-1

Memory Cassettes
The C200HS comes equipped with a built-in RAM for the user’s program so programs can be created even without installing a Memory Cassette. An optional
Memory Cassette, however, can provide flexibility in handling program data, PC
Setup data, DM data, I/O comment data, and other IOM Area data. Memory Cassettes can be used for the following purposes.
• Saving, retrieving, and comparing data in the UM Area. This UM Area data can
include the user program, fixed DM data such as the PC Setup, expansion DM
data, I/O comment data, I/O table data, and UM Area allocation data.
• Automatically loading Memory Cassette data on PC startup.
• Saving and retrieving IOM Area data. IOM data includes IR 000 to IR 231, the
two work areas, the two SR Areas, the LR Area, the HR Area, the AR Area, the
TC Area, and DM 0000 to DM 6143.
There are two types of Memory Cassette available, each with a capacity of 16K
words. For instructions on installing Memory Cassettes, refer to the C200HS
Installation Guide.
The following table shows the Memory Cassettes used with C200HS PCs.
Memory

Capacity

Model number

EEPROM

16K words

C200HS-ME16K

Features
Can be written to while mounted in
the C200HS.
Can be used for both UM Area data
and IOM Area data.
A memory backup battery is not required.

EPROM

16K words

C200HS-MP16K

Can be written with a commercially
available PROM writer.
Can be used for only UM Area data.

Note

1. Memory Cassettes for the C200HS cannot be used with the C200H, and
Memory Units for the C200H cannot be used with the C200HS.
2. EEPROM can be written up to 50,000 times. Data may be corrupted if this
limit is exceeded.
3. EPROM chips are sold separately.

! Caution

The C200HS will not operate properly unless the data for it is created on LSS version 3 or later. The
C200HS is not supported by earlier versions of the LSS.

! Caution

Do not mount or remove a Memory Cassette without turning off the power supply to the C200HS
CPU.

9-2

Memory Cassette Settings and Flags
The following settings and flags are available for Memory Cassettes in the SR
Area. Bits/words used in the procedures to manipulate Memory Cassettes are
described in the remainder of this section. Refer to page 46 for other details on
SR Area operation.

Word
SR 269

386

Bit(s)
00 to 07
08 to 10
11 to 13
14
15

Function
Memory Cassette Contents 00: Nothing; 01: UM; 02: IOM (03: HIS)
Memory Cassette Capacity
0: 0 KW (no board); 3: 16 KW
Reserved by system (not accessible by user)
EEPROM Memory Cassette Protected or EPROM Memory Cassette Mounted Flag
Memory Cassette Flag

Section 9-3

UM Area Data
Word
SR 270

Bit(s)
00

Save UM to Cassette Bit

01

Load UM from Cassette Bit

02
03
04 to 11
12

Collation Execution Flag
Collation NG Flag
Reserved by system (not accessible by user)
Transfer Error Flag: Not
Data will not be transferred from UM to the Memory
PROGRAM mode
Cassette if an error occurs ((except for Board Checksum
E
Error).
) D
Detailed
t il d iinformation
f
ti on checksum
h k
errors
Transfer Error Flag: Read Only
occurring in the Memory Cassette will not be output to
Transfer Error Flag: Insufficient SR 272 because the information is not needed. Repeat
Capacity or No UM
the transmission if SR 27015 is ON.
Transfer Error Flag: Board
Checksum Error

13
14
15
00 to 07

SR 271

Function
Data transferred to Memory Cassette when Bit is turned
ON in PROGRAM mode. Bit will automatically turn OFF.
An error will be produced if turned ON in any other
mode.

Ladder program size stored in Memory Cassette
Ladder-only File: 04: 4 KW; 08: 8 KW; 12: 12 KW; ... (64: 64 KW)
00: No Ladder program or no file
Data updated at data transfer from CPU at startup. The file must begin in segment 0.

08 to 15
00 to 10
11
12
13
14
15
00

SR 272

SR273

01
02 to 11
12
13
14

9-3

Ladder program size and type in CPU (Specifications are the same as for bits 00 to 07.)
Reserved by system (not accessible by user)
Memory Error Flag: PC Setup Checksum Error
Memory Error Flag: Ladder Checksum Error
Memory Error Flag: Instruction Change Vector Area Checksum Error
Memory Error Flag: Memory Cassette Online Disconnection
Memory Error Flag: Autoboot Error
Save IOM to Cassette Bit
Data transferred to Memory Cassette when Bit is turned
ON in PROGRAM mode. Bit will automatically turn OFF.
An error will be produced if turned ON in any other
Load IOM from Cassette Bit
mode.
Reserved by system (not accessible by user)
Transfer Error Flag: Not
Data will not be transferred from IOM to the Memory
PROGRAM mode
Cassette if an error occurs (except
for Read Onlyy Error).
(
)
Transfer Error Flag: Read Only
Transfer Error Flag: Insufficient
Capacity or No IOM

UM Area Data
The following procedures can be used to read UM Area data from, write UM Area
data to, and compare UM Area data on an EEPROM Memory Cassette mounted
to a C200HS CPU. This UM Area data can include the user program, fixed DM
data such as the PC Setup, expansion DM data, I/O comment data, I/O table
data, and UM Area allocation data. The procedures cannot be used to write to
EPROM Memory Cassettes, which require a PROM writer. Refer to the LSS operation manuals for PROM writer procedures.
Note The data inside the Memory Cassette should be protected by turning on the
write-protect switch whenever you are not planning to write to the Cassette.

Writing Data

The following procedure is used to write UM Area data from the C200HS CPU to
a Memory Cassette mounted in the CPU.

1, 2, 3...

1. Turn off the write-protect switch on the Memory Cassette to write-enable it.
2. Make sure that power to the C200HS CPU is turned OFF.
3. Mount the Memory Cassette to the CPU.

387

Section 9-4

IOM Area Data

4. Turn on the CPU.
5. If the desired program or UM Area data is not already in the CPU, write the
data or transfer it to the CPU.
6. Switch the C200HS to PROGRAM mode.
7. Turn ON SR 27000 from the LSS or a Programming Console. The UM Area
data will be written to the Memory Card and SR 27000 will be turned OFF
automatically.
Reading Data

The following procedures are used to read UM Area data from a Memory Cassette mounted in the C200HS CPU to the CPU. This can be achieved either automatically when the C200HS is turned on or manually from a Programming Device.
Automatic Reading at Startup

1, 2, 3...

1, 2, 3...

Comparing Data

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Make sure that power to the C200HS CPU is turned OFF.
Mount the Memory Cassette containing the data to be read to the CPU.
Turn on the CPU.
Switch the C200HS to PROGRAM mode.
Turn ON SR 27001 from the LSS or a Programming Console. The data in the
Memory Cassette will be read to the CPU and SR 27001 will be turned OFF
automatically.

The following procedure is used to compare the UM Area data in a Memory Cassette to the UM Area data in the CPU.

1, 2, 3...

Note

9-4

1. Turn ON pin 2 on the CPU’s DIP switch to enable reading at startup.
2. Make sure that power to the C200HS CPU is turned OFF.
3. Mount the Memory Cassette containing the data to be read to the CPU.
4. Turn on the CPU. The data in the Memory Cassette will be read to the CPU.
Manual Reading

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Make sure that power to the C200HS CPU is turned OFF.
Mount the Memory Cassette containing the data to be compared.
Turn on the CPU.
Switch the C200HS to PROGRAM mode.
Turn ON SR 27002 from the LSS or a Programming Console. The data in the
Memory Cassette will be compared to the data in CPU and SR 27002 will be
turned OFF automatically.
6. Read the status of SR 27003 to determine the results of the comparison. If
SR 27003 is OFF, the data in the Memory Cassette is the same as that in the
CPU. If SR 27003 is ON, either the data is different or the C200HS was not in
PROGRAM mode when the operation was performed.
1. SR 27003 is used only to show the results of comparisons and cannot be
manipulated by the user.
2. If the comparison operation is executed in any but PROGRAM mode, SR
27002 will turn ON, as will SR 27003. In this case, the status of SR 27003 will
be meaningless.
3. SR 273003 will turn ON if the comparison operation is used without a
Memory Cassette mounted to the CPU.

IOM Area Data
The following procedures can be used to read IOM data from and write IOM data
to an EEPROM Memory Cassette mounted to a C200HS CPU. IOM data includes IR 000 to IR 231, the two work areas, the two SR Areas, the LR Area, the
HR Area, the AR Area, the TC Area, and DM 0000 to DM 6143. This procedure
cannot be used to write to EPROM Memory Cassettes, which require a PROM
writer. Refer to the LSS operation manuals for PROM writer procedures.

388

Section 9-4

IOM Area Data

Note The data inside the Memory Cassette should be protected by turning on the
write-protect switch whenever you are not planning to write to the Cassette.
Writing Data

The following procedure is used to write IOM data from the C200HS CPU to a
Memory Cassette mounted in the CPU.

1, 2, 3...

Reading Data

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Turn off the write-protect switch on the Memory Cassette to write-enable it.
Make sure that power to the C200HS CPU is turned OFF.
Mount the Memory Cassette to the CPU.
Turn on the CPU.
Switch the C200HS to PROGRAM mode.
Turn ON SR 27300 from the LSS or a Programming Console. The IOM data
will be written to the Memory Card and SR 27300 will be turned OFF automatically.

The following procedures are used to read IOM data from a Memory Cassette
mounted in the C200HS CPU to the CPU. This data cannot be read out automatically at startup and must be read manually. Also, the error log in DM 6000 to DM
6030 cannot be read with this procedure.

1, 2, 3...

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Make sure that power to the C200HS CPU is turned OFF.
Mount a Memory Cassette to the CPU.
Turn on the CPU.
Switch the C200HS to PROGRAM mode.
Turn ON SR 27301 from the LSS or a Programming Console. The IOM data
in the Memory Cassette will be read to the CPU and SR 27301 will be turned
OFF automatically.

389

SECTION 10
Troubleshooting
The C200HS provides self-diagnostic functions to identify many types of abnormal system conditions. These functions minimize downtime and enable quick, smooth error correction.
This section provides information on hardware and software errors that occur during PC operation. Program input errors are
described in 4-7 Inputting, Modifying, and Checking the Program. Although described in Section 3 Memory Areas, flags and
other error information provided in SR and AR areas are listed in 10-5 Error Flags.
10-1
10-2
10-3
10-4
10-5
10-6

Alarm Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Programmed Alarms and Error Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Reading and Clearing Errors and Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Error Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Error Flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Host Link Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

392
392
392
392
397
399

391

Section 10-4

Error Messages

10-1 Alarm Indicators
The ALM/ERR indicator on the front of the CPU provides visual indication of an
abnormality in the PC. When the indicator is ON (ERROR), a fatal error (i.e.,
ones that will stop PC operation) has occurred; when the indicator is flashing
(ALARM), a nonfatal error has occurred. This indicator is shown in 2-1-1 CPU
Indicators.
! Caution

The PC will turn ON the ALM/ERR indicator, stop program execution, and turn OFF all outputs
from the PC for most hardware errors, for certain fatal software errors, or when FALS(07) is executed in the program (see tables on following pages). PC operation will continue for all other errors. It is the user’s responsibility to take adequate measures to ensure that a hazardous situation
will not result from automatic system shutdown for fatal errors and to ensure that proper actions
are taken for errors for which the system is not automatically shut down. System flags and other
system and/or user-programmed error indications can be used to program proper actions.

10-2 Programmed Alarms and Error Messages
FAL(06), FALS(07), and MSG(46) can be used in the program to provide
user-programmed information on error conditions. With these three instructions,
the user can tailor error diagnosis to aid in troubleshooting.
FAL(06) is used with a FAL number other than 00, which is output to the SR area
when FAL(06) is executed. Executing FAL(06) will not stop PC operation or directly affect any outputs from the PC.
FALS(07) is also used with a FAL number, which is output to the same location in
the SR area when FALS(07) is executed. Executing FALS(07) will stop PC operation and will cause all outputs from the PC to be turned OFF.
When FAL(06) is executed with a function number of 00, the current FAL number
contained in the SR area is cleared and replaced by another, if more have been
stored in memory by the system.
When MSG(46) is used a message containing specified data area words is displayed onto the Programming Console or another Programming Device.
The use of these instructions is described in detail in Section 5 Instruction Set.

10-3 Reading and Clearing Errors and Messages
System error messages can be displayed onto the Programming Console or
other Programming Device.
On the Programming Console, press the CLR, FUN, and MONTR keys. If there
are multiple error messages stored by the system, the MONTR key can be
pressed again to access the next message. If the system is in PROGRAM mode,
pressing the MONTR key will clear the error message, so be sure to write down
all message errors as you read them. (It is not possible to clear an error or a message while in RUN or MONITOR mode; the PC must be in PROGRAM mode.)
When all messages have been cleared, “ERR CHK OK” will be displayed.
Details on accessing error messages from the Programming Console are provided in 7-1 Monitoring Operation and Modifying Data. Procedures for the LSS
are provided in the LSS Operation Manual.

10-4 Error Messages
There are basically three types of errors for which messages are displayed: initialization errors, non-fatal operating errors, and fatal operating errors. Most of
these are also indicated by FAL number being transferred to the FAL area of the
SR area.

392

Section 10-4

Error Messages

The type of error can be quickly determined from the indicators on the CPU, as
described below for the three types of errors. If the status of an indicator is not
mentioned in the description, it makes no difference whether it is lit or not.
After eliminating the cause of an error, clear the error message from memory
before resuming operation.
Asterisks in the error messages in the following tables indicate variable numeric
data. An actual number would appear on the display.
Initialization Errors

Error and message
Waiting for Special I/O
or Interrupt Input Units

The following error messages appear before program execution has been
started. The POWER indicator will be lit and the RUN indicator will not be lit for
either of these. The RUN output will be OFF for each of these errors.
FAL no.
None

CPU WAIT G

Probable cause
A Special I/O Unit or
Interrupt Input Unit has not
initialized.

Possible correction
Perform the I/O Table Read
operation to check unit
numbers. Replace Unit if it
is indicated by “$” only in
the I/O table.
(High-density I/O Units will
not appear on I/O Table
Read display for all
peripheral devices.)

Waiting for Remote I/O

None

CPU WAIT G

Non-fatal Operating Errors

Error and message

FAL no.

Probable cause

Possible correction

01 to 99

FAL(06) has been executed
in program. Check the FAL
number to determine
conditions that would cause
execution (set by user).

Correct according to cause
indicated by FAL number
(set by user).

8A

An error occurred in data
transfer between the
Interrupt Input Unit and the
CPU.

Replace the Interrupt Input
Unit.

8B

Interrupt subroutine
containing Special I/O Unit
refresh was too long.

Check the interrupt
subroutine and PC Setup.

SYS FAIL FAL**

Interrupt Input Unit error

SYS FAIL FAL8A

SYS FAIL FAL8B

Check power supply to
Remote I/O Units,
connections between
Remote I/O Units, and
terminator setting.

The following error messages appear for errors that occur after program execution has been started. PC operation and program execution will continue after
one or more of these errors have occurred. For each of these errors, the
POWER and RUN indicators will be lit and the ALM/ERR indicator will be flashing. The RUN output will be ON.

FAL error

Interrupt subroutine error

Power to Remote I/O Unit is
off or terminator cannot be
found.

Cyclic Special I/O Unit
refreshing was not disabled
for interrupt subroutine
refresh.

393

Section 10-4

Error Messages
Error and message

FAL no.

Probable cause

Possible correction

9A

An error occurred in data
transfer between a
High-density I/O Unit and
the CPU.

Check AR 0205 to AR 0214
to identify the Unit with a
problem, replace the Unit,
and restart the PC.

9B

An error has been detected
in the PC Setup. This error
will be generated when the
setting is read or used for
the first time.

Check an correct PC Setup
settings.

9D

An error has occurred
during data transmission
between UM and a Memory
Cassette because:

Make sure that the PC is in
PROGRAM mode.

High-density I/O Unit error

SYS FAIL FAL9A

PC Setup error

SYS FAIL FAL9B

Memory Cassette Transfer error

SYS FAIL FAL9D

Not in PROGRAM Mode.
UM or Memory Cassette is
read-only.
Insufficient capacity in UM
or Memory Cassette.
A checksum error occurred
in the Memory Cassette

Make sure that the Memory
Cassette is not
write-protected.
Make sure that the UM and
Memory Cassette capacity
is sufficient.
Make sure that SYSMAC
NET data links are not
active during the transfer.
Transfer the data again.

Cycle time overrun

F8

Watchdog timer has
exceeded 100 ms.

Program cycle time is
longer than recommended.
Reduce cycle time if
possible.

E7

Unit has been removed or
replaced by a different kind
of Unit, making I/O table
incorrect.

Use I/O Table Verify
Operation to check I/O table
and either connect dummy
Units or register the I/O
table again.

B0 or B1

Error occurred in
transmissions between
Remote I/O Units.

Check transmission line
between PC and Master
and between Remote I/O
Units.

D0

Error has occurred in PC
Link Unit, Remote I/O
Master Unit, between a
Host Link, SYSMAC LINK,
or SYSMAC NET Link Unit
and the CPU, or in refresh
between Special I/O Unit
and the CPU.

Determine the unit number
of the Unit which caused the
error (AR 00), correct the
error, and toggle the
appropriate Restart Bit in
AR 01, SR 250, or SR 252.
If the Unit does not restart,
replace it.

9A

An error has occurred
during data transmission
between the CPU and a
Group-2 High-density I/O
Unit.

Determine the unit number
of the Unit which caused the
error (AR 02), replace the
Unit, and try to power-up
again.

F7

Backup battery is missing or
its voltage has dropped.

Check battery, and replace
if necessary.

CYCLE TIME OVER

I/O table verification error

I/O VER ERR

Remote I/O error

REMOTE ERR
Remote I/O
Master Unit number

Special I/O Unit error

*

SIOU ERR

Group-2 High-density I/O error

SYS FAIL FAL 9A

Battery error

BATT LOW

394

Section 10-4

Error Messages
Fatal Operating Errors

The following error messages appear for errors that occur after program execution has been started. PC operation and program execution will stop and all outputs from the PC will be turned OFF when any of the following errors occur. No
CPU indicators will be lit for the power interruption error. For all other fatal operating errors, the POWER and ALM/ERR indicators will be lit. The RUN output will
be OFF.

Error and message

FAL no.

Power interruption

Power has been
interrupted for at least
10 ms.

Check power supply voltage
and power lines. Try to
power-up again.

None

Watchdog timer has
exceeded maximum
setting (default setting:
130 ms).

Restart system in PROGRAM
mode and check program.
Reduce cycle time or reset
watchdog timer if longer time
required. (Consider effects of
longer cycle time before
resetting.)

F1

SR 27211 ON:

Check the PC Setup.

A checksum error has
occurred in the PC
Setup (DM 6600 to
DM 6655).
SR 27212 ON:

Check the program.

No message.

Memory error

Possible correction

None

No message.

CPU error

Probable cause

MEMORY ERR

A checksum error has
occurred in the program,
indicating an incorrect
instruction.
SR 27213 ON
A checksum error has
occurred in an
expansion instruction
change.
SR 27214 ON:
Memory Cassette was
installed or removed
with the power on.
SR 27215 ON:
Autoboot error.
F0

No END(01) instruction

NO END INST

I/O bus error

I/O BUS ERR

*

Rack no.

END(01) is not written
anywhere in program.

C0 to C2 Error has occurred in
the bus line between the
CPU and I/O Units.

Install the Memory Cassette
correctly.

Check whether the CPU
memory is protected or a
checksum error occurred in the
Memory Cassette.
Write END(01) at the final
address of the program.

The rightmost digit of the FAL
number will indicate the number
of the Rack where the error was
detected. Check cable
connections between the
Racks.

395

Section 10-4

Error Messages
Error and message
Too many Units

FAL no.
E1

I/O UNIT OVER

Probable cause
Two or more Special I/O
Units are set to the
same unit number
Two or more Group-2
High-density I/O Units
are set to the same I/O
number or I/O word.
The I/O number of a
64-pt Group-2
High-density I/O Unit is
set to 9.
Two SYSMAC NET Link
or SYSMAC LINK Units
share the same
operating level.

Possible correction
Perform the I/O Table Read
operation to check unit
numbers, and eliminate
duplications. (High-density I/O
Units other than Group-2 are
Special I/O Units, too.)
Set unit numbers of 64-pt
Group-2 High-density I/O Units
to numbers other than 9.
Check the SYSMAC NET Link
and SYSMAC LINK Unit
operating levels and eliminate
duplications.
Mount only one Interrupt Input
Unit.

Two or more Interrupt
Input Units are mounted.
Input-output I/O table error

E0

Input and output word
designations registered
in I/O table do no agree
with input/output words
required by Units
actually mounted.

Check the I/O table with I/O
Table Verification operation and
check all Units to see that they
are in correct configuration.
When the system has been
confirmed, register the I/O table
again.

01 to 99
or 9F

FALS has been
executed by the
program. Check the FAL
number to determine
conditions that would
cause execution (Set by
user or by system).

Correct according to cause
indicated by FAL number. If FAL
number is 9F, check watchdog
timer and cycle time, which may
be to long. 9F will be output
when FALS(07) is executed and
the cycle time is between 120
and 130 ms.

I/O SET ERROR

FALS error

SYS FAIL FAL**

Communications Errors

If errors occur in communications, the indicator for the peripheral port (COMM/
COMM1 when using RS-232C Programming Console cable) or the RS-232C
port (COMM2) will not light. Check the connection, programming on both ends
(C200HS and peripheral), and then reset the port using the reset bits (peripheral
port: SR 25208; RS-232C port: SR 25209).

Other Error Messages

A number of other error messages are detailed within this manual. Errors in program input and debugging can be examined in Section 4 Writing and Inputting
the Program.

396

Section 10-5

Error Flags

10-5 Error Flags
The following table lists the flags and other information provided in the SR and
AR areas that can be used in troubleshooting. Details are provided in 3-4 SR
Area and 3-5 AR Area.
SR Area
Address(es)

Function

23600 to 23615

Node loop status for SYSMAC NET Link system

23700 to 23715

Completion/error code output area for SEND(90)/RECV(98) in SYSMAC LINK/SYSMAC NET Link
System

24700 to 25015

PC Link Unit Run and Error Flags

25100 to 25115

Remote I/O Error Flags

25200

SYSMAC LINK/SYSMAC NET Link Level 0 SEND(90)/RECV(98) Error Flag

25203

SYSMAC LINK/SYSMAC NET Link Level 1 SEND(90)/RECV(98) Error Flag

25206

Rack-mounting Host Link Unit Level 1 Error Flag

25300 to 25307

FAL number output area.

25308

Low Battery Flag

25309

Cycle Time Error Flag

25310

I/O Verification Error Flag

25311

Rack-mounting Host Link Unit Level 0 Error Flag

25312

Remote I/O Error Flag

25411

Interrupt Input Unit Error Flag

25413

Interrupt Programming Error Flag

25414

Group-2 High-density I/O Unit Error Flag

25415

Special Unit Error Flag (Special I/O, PC Link, Host Link, Remote I/O Master, SYSMAC NET Link, or
SYSMAC Link Unit Error Flag)

25503

Instruction Execution Error (ER) Flag

26400 to 26403

RS-232C Port Error Code

26404

RS-232C Port Communications Error

26408 to 26411

Peripheral Port Error Code (except Peripheral Mode)

26412

Peripheral Port Communications Error Flag (except Peripheral Mode)

27011

UM Transfer Error Flag: SYSMAC NET data link active during data link table transfer.

27012

UM Transfer Error Flag: Not PROGRAM mode

27013

UM Transfer Error Flag: Read Only

27014

UM Transfer Error Flag: Insufficient capacity or no UM

27015

UM Transfer Error Flag: Board Checksum Error

27211

Memory Error Flag: PC Setup Checksum Error

27212

Memory Error Flag: UM or Ladder Checksum Error

27213

Memory Error Flag: Expansion Instruction Code Change Area Checksum Error

27214

Memory Error Flag: Memory Cassette Online Disconnection

27215

Memory Error Flag: Autoboot Error

27312

IOM Transfer Error Flag: Not PROGRAM mode

27313

IOM Transfer Error Flag: Read Only

27314

IOM Transfer Error Flag: Insufficient capacity

27315

IOM Transfer Error Flag: Checksum Error

27500

PC Setup Error (DM 6600 to DM 6614)

27501

PC Setup Error (DM 6615 to DM 6644)

27502

PC Setup Error (DM 6645 to DM 6655)

397

Section 10-5

Error Flags
AR Area
Address(es)
0000 to 0009
0010
0011
0012
0013
0014
0015
0200 to 0204
0205 to 0215
0215
0300 to 0315
0400 to 0415
0500 to 0515
0600 to 0615
0710 to 0712
0713 to 0715
1114
1115
1514
1515

398

Function
Special I/O or PC Link Unit Error Flags
SYSMAC LINK/SYSMAC NET Link Level 1 System Error Flags
SYSMAC LINK/SYSMAC NET Link Level 0 System Error Flags
Rack-mounting Host Link Unit Level 1 Error Flag
Rack-mounting Host Link Unit Level 0 Error Flag
Remote I/O Master Unit 1 Error Flag
Remote I/O Master Unit 0 Error Flag
Error Flags for Slave Racks 0 to 4
Group-2 High-density I/O Unit Error Flags (AR 0205 to AR 0214 correspond to I/O numbers 0 to 9.)
Group-2 High-density I/O Unit was not recognized.
Optical I/O Units (0 to 7) Error Flags
Optical I/O Units (8 to 15) Error Flags
Optical I/O Units (16 to 23) Error Flags
Optical I/O Units (24 to 31) Error Flags
Error Flags for Slave Racks 5 to 7
Error History Bits
Communications Controller Error Flag Level 0
EEPROM Error Flag for operating level 0
Communications Controller Error Flag Level 1
EEPROM Error Flag for operating level 1

Section 10-6

Host Link Errors

10-6 Host Link Errors
These error codes are received as the response code (end code) when a command received by the C200HS from a host computer cannot be processed. The
error code format is as shown below.
@

X

X

Node
no.

X

X

Header
code

X

X

End code

X

X

FCS

:

↵

Terminator

The header code will vary according to the command and can contain a subcode
(for composite commands).
End
code

Contents

Probable cause

Corrective measures

00

Normal completion

---

01

Not executable in RUN mode

The command that was sent cannot be executed when the PC is in
RUN mode.

02

Not executable in MONITOR mode

The command that was sent cannot be executed when the PC is in
MONITOR mode.

0B

Not executable in PROGRAM
mode

The command that was sent cannot be executed when the PC is in
PROGRAM mode.

This code is not presently being
used.

13

FCS error

The FCS is wrong. Either the FCS
calculation is mistaken or there is
adverse influence from noise.

Check the FCS calculation method.
If there was influence from noise,
transfer the command again.

14

Format error

The command format is wrong.

Check the format and transfer the
command again.

15

Entry number data error

The areas for reading and writing
are wrong.

Correct the areas and transfer the
command again.

16

Command not supported

The specified command does not
exist.

Check the command code.

18

Frame length error

The maximum frame length was
exceeded.

Divide the command into multiple
frames.

19

Not executable

Items to read not registered for
composite command (QQ).

Execute QQ to register items to
read before attempting batch read.

23

User memory write-protected

A3

Aborted due to FCS error in transmit data

A4

Aborted due to format error in
transmit data

Pin 1 on C200HS DIP switch is ON. Turn OFF pin 1 to execute.
The error was generated while a
Check the command data and try
command extending
the transfer again.
g over more
g
th one frame
f
b i executhan
was being
ted.

A5

Aborted due to entry number data
error in transmit data

A8

Aborted due to frame length error
in transmit data

Other

---

Power Interruptions

--Check the relation between the
command and the PC mode.

Note:
thatt point
has
N t The
Th data
d t up tto th
i th
already been written to the appropriate area of the CPU
CPU.

Influence from noise was received.

Transfer the command again.

The following responses may be received from the C200HS if a power interruption occurs, including momentary interruptions. If any of these responses are received during or after a power interruption, repeat the command.
Undefined Command Response
@00IC4A*↵
No Response
If no response is received, abort the last command and resend.

399

SECTION 11
Host Link Commands
This section explains the methods and procedures for using host link commands, which can be used for host link communications via the C200HS ports.

11-1

Communications Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

402

11-2

Command and Response Formats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-2-1
Commands from the Host Computer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-2-2
Commands from the PC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

404
404
406

11-3

Host Link Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-1
IR/SR AREA READ –– RR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-2
LR AREA READ –– RL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-3
HR AREA READ –– RH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-4
PV READ –– RC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-5
TC STATUS READ –– RG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-6
DM AREA READ –– RD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-7
AR AREA READ –– RJ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-8
IR/SR AREA WRITE –– WR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-9
LR AREA WRITE –– WL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-10 HR AREA WRITE –– WH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-11 PV WRITE –– WC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-12 TC STATUS WRITE –– WG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-13 DM AREA WRITE –– WD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-14 AR AREA WRITE –– WJ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-15 SV READ 1 –– R# . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-16 SV READ 2 –– R$ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-17 SV READ 3 –– R% . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-18 SV CHANGE 1 –– W# . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-19 SV CHANGE 2 –– W$ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-20 SV CHANGE 3 –– W% . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-21 STATUS READ –– MS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-22 STATUS WRITE –– SC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-23 ERROR READ –– MF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-24 FORCED SET –– KS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-25 FORCED RESET –– KR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-26 MULTIPLE FORCED SET/RESET –– FK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-27 FORCED SET/RESET CANCEL –– KC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-28 PC MODEL READ –– MM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-29 TEST–– TS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-30 PROGRAM READ –– RP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-31 PROGRAM WRITE –– WP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-32 I/O TABLE GENERATE –– MI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-33 COMPOUND COMMAND –– QQ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-34 ABORT –– XZ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-35 INITIALIZE –– :: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-3-36 Undefined Command –– IC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

407
407
407
408
408
409
409
410
410
411
411
412
412
413
413
414
415
416
417
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
425
426
426
427
427
427
429
430
430

11-4

Host Link Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

431

401

Section 11-1

Communications Procedure

11-1 Communications Procedure
Command Chart

The commands listed in the chart below can be used for host link communications with the C200HS. These commands are all sent from the host computer to
the PC.
PC mode

Header code

Name

Page
g

RR

RUN
Valid

MON
Valid

PRG
Valid

IR/SR AREA READ

407

RL

Valid

Valid

Valid

LR AREA READ

407

RH

Valid

Valid

Valid

HR AREA READ

408

RC

Valid

Valid

Valid

PV READ

408

RG

Valid

Valid

Valid

TC STATUS READ

409

RD

Valid

Valid

Valid

DM AREA READ

409

RJ

Valid

Valid

Valid

AR AREA READ

410

WR

Not valid

Valid

Valid

IR/SR AREA WRITE

410

WL

Not valid

Valid

Valid

LR AREA WRITE

411

WH

Not valid

Valid

Valid

HR AREA WRITE

411

WC

Not valid

Valid

Valid

PV WRITE

412

WG

Not valid

Valid

Valid

TC STATUS WRITE

412

WD

Not valid

Valid

Valid

DM AREA WRITE

413

WJ

Not valid

Valid

Valid

AR AREA WRITE

413

R#

Valid

Valid

Valid

SV READ 1

414

R$

Valid

Valid

Valid

SV READ 2

415

R%

Valid

Valid

Valid

SV READ 3

416

W#

Not valid

Valid

Valid

SV CHANGE 1

417

W$

Not valid

Valid

Valid

SV CHANGE 2

417

W%

Not valid

Valid

Valid

SV CHANGE 3

418

MS

Valid

Valid

Valid

STATUS READ

419

SC

Valid

Valid

Valid

STATUS WRITE

420

MF

Valid

Valid

Valid

ERROR READ

421

KS

Not valid

Valid

Valid

FORCED SET

422

KR

Not valid

Valid

Valid

FORCED RESET

423

FK

Not valid

Valid

Valid

MULTIPLE FORCED SET/RESET

424

KC

Not valid

Valid

Valid

FORCED SET/RESET CANCEL

425

MM

Valid

Valid

Valid

PC MODEL READ

425

TS

Valid

Valid

Valid

TEST

426

RP

Valid

Valid

Valid

PROGRAM READ

426

WP

Not valid

Not valid

Valid

PROGRAM WRITE

427

MI

Not valid

Not valid

Valid

I/O TABLE GENERATE

427

QQ

Valid

Valid

Valid

COMPOUND COMMAND

427

XZ

Valid

Valid

Valid

ABORT (command only)

429

::

Valid

Valid

Valid

INITIALIZE (command only)

430

IC

---

---

---

Undefined command (response only)

430

402

Section 11-1

Communications Procedure

Host link communications are executed by means an exchange of commands
and responses between the host computer and the PC. With the C200HS, there
are two communications methods that can be used. One is the normal method,
in which commands are issued from the host computer to the PC. The other
method allows commands to be issued from the PC to the host computer.

Frame Transmission and Reception
Commands and responses are exchanged in the order shown in the illustration
below. The block of data transferred in a single transmission is called a “frame”.
A single frame is configured of a maximum of 131 characters of data.
The right to send a frame is called the “transmission right”. The Unit that has the
transmission right is the one that can send a frame at any given time. The transmission right is traded back and forth between the host computer and the PC
each time a frame is transmitted. The transmission right is passed from the
transmitting Unit to the receiving Unit when either a terminator (the code that
marks the end of a command or response) or a delimiter (the code that sets
frames apart) is received.
Commands from Host

In host link communications, the host computer ordinarily has the transmission
right first and initiates the communications. The PC then automatically sends a
response.

Frame (command)

Host
computer

Frame (command)

Unit no.
Header code

Unit no.
Header code

Text

Text

FCS
Terminator

FCS
Terminator

Next frame transmission
enabled (i.e., transmission
right transferred)
Unit no.
Header code
End code

Unit no.
Header code
End code

Text

Text

FCS
Terminator

FCS
Terminator

Frame (response)

Frame (response)

PC

Commands from PC

It is also possible in host link communications for the PC to send commands to
the host computer. In this case it is the PC that has the transmission right and
initiates the communications.
Host
computer
No response
Unit no.
Header code
PC

Text
FCS
Terminator

403

Command and Response Formats

Section 11-2

When commands are issued to the host computer, the data is transmitted in one
direction from the PC to the host computer. If a response to a command is required use a host link communications command to write the response from the
host computer to the PC.

11-2 Command and Response Formats
This section explains the formats for the commands and responses that are exchanged in host link communications.

11-2-1 Commands from the Host Computer
When a command is issued from the host computer, the command and response formats are as shown below.
Command Format

@

When transmitting a command from the host computer, prepare the command
data in the format shown below.

x 101 x 100

Node no.

:
Header
code

FCS

Text

↵

Terminator

@
An “@” symbol must be placed at the beginning.
Node No.
Identifies the PC communicating with the host computer.
Specify the node number set for the PC in the PC Setup (DM 6648, DM 6653).
Header Code
Set the 2-character command code.
Text
Set the command parameters.
FCS
Set a 2-character Frame Check Sequence code. See page 405.
Terminator
Set two characters, “:” and the carriage return (CHR$(13)) to indicate the end
of the command.
Response Format

@

The response from the PC is returned in the format shown below. Prepare a program so that the response data can be interpreted and processed.

x 101 x 100

Node no.

x 161 x 160

Header
code

End code

:
Text

FCS

↵

Terminator

@, Node No., Header Code
Contents identical to those of the command are returned.
End Code
The completion status of the command (e.g., whether or not an error has occurred) is returned.
Text
Text is returned only when there is data such as read data.
FCS, Terminator
Refer to the corresponding explanations under “Command Format”.

404

Command and Response Formats
Long Transmissions

Section 11-2

The largest block of data that can be transmitted as a single frame is 131 characters. A command or response of 132 characters or more must therefore be divided into more than one frame before transmission. When a transmission is
split, the ends of the first and intermediate frames are marked by a delimiter
instead of a terminator.
As each frame is transmitted, the receiving node waits for the delimiter to be
transmitted. After the delimiter has been transmitted, the next frame will then be
sent. This procedure is repeated until the entire command or response has been
transmitted. The following diagram shows an example of host link communications addressed to a PC.
Frame2 (command)

Frame1 (command)

Frame3 (command)

Unit no.
Header code
Host
computer

Text

Text

Text

FCS
Delimiter

FCS
Delimiter

FCS
Terminator

Delimiter

PC

Delimiter

Unit no.
Header code
End code
Text
FCS
Terminator
Frame (response)

Precautions for Long Transmissions
When dividing commands such as WR, WL, WC, or WD that execute write operations, be careful not to divide into separate frames data that is to be written
into a single word. As shown in the illustration below, be sure to divide frames so
that they coincide with the divisions between words.
Frame 1
@

0

0

W

Node
no.

↵

Data

D

Header
code

One word of data

FCS

Delimiter

Data from the same word is not divided.
Frame 3
Data

One word of data

:
FCS

↵

Terminator

Data from the same word is not divided.

FCS (Frame Check Sequence) When a frame is transmitted, an FCS is placed just before the delimiter or terminator in order to check whether any data error has been generated. The FCS is
8-bit data converted into two ASCII characters. The 8-bit data is the result of an
EXCLUSIVE OR performed on the data from the beginning of the frame until the
end of the text in that frame (i.e., just before the FCS). Calculating the FCS each

405

Command and Response Formats

Section 11-2

time a frame is received and checking the result against the FCS that is included
in the frame makes it possible to check for data errors in the frame.
@

1

0

Node no.

R

R

0

0

Header code

0

Text

1

4

2

FCS

:

↵

Terminator

FCS calculation range
ASCII code

Example Program for FCS

@

40

1

31

0

30

R

52

1
Calculation
result

31

0011
0100
↓
4

0000
0001
0000
0010
0001
0010
↓
Converted to hexadecimal.
2
Handled as ASCII characters.

This example shows a BASIC subroutine program for executing an FCS check
on a frame received by the host computer.
400
410
420
430
440
450
460
470
480
490
500
510
520
530
540

Note

0100
EOR
0011
EOR
0011
EOR
0101

*FCSCHECK
L=LEN(RESPONSE$) ’ . .......... Data transmitted and received
Q=0:FCSCK$=“ ”
A$=RIGHT$(RESPONSE$,1)
PRINT RESPONSE$,AS,L
IF A$=”*” THEN LENGS=LEN(RESPONSE$)-3
ELSE LENGS=LEN(RESPONSE$)-2
FCSP$=MID$(RESPONSE$,LENGS+1,2) ’ . ... FCS data received
FOR I=1 TO LENGS ’ . .......... Number of characters in FCS
Q=ASC(MID$(RESPONSE$,I,1)) XOR Q
NEXT I
FCSD$=HEX$(Q)
IF LEN(FCSD$)=1 THEN FCSD$=”0”+FCSD$ ’FCS result
IF FCSD$<>FCSP$ THEN FCSCK$=”ERR”
PRINT“FCSD$=”;FCSD$,“FCSP$=”;FCSP$,“FCSCK$=”;FCSCK$
RETURN

1. Normal reception data includes the FCS, delimiter or terminator, and so on.
When an error occurs in transmission, however the FCS or some other data
may not be included. Be sure to program the system to cover this possibility.
2. In this program example, the CR code (CHR$(13)) is not entered for RESPONSE$. When including the CR code, make the changes in lines 430
and 450.

11-2-2 Commands from the PC
In host link communications, commands are ordinarily sent from the host computer to the PC, but it is also possible for commands to be sent from the PC to the
host computer. In Host Link Mode, any data can be transmitted from the PC to
the host computer. To send a command to the host computer, use the TRANSMIT instruction (TXD(--)) in the PC program in Host Link Mode.
TXD(––) outputs data from the specified port (the RS-232C port or the peripheral port). Refer to page 299 for details on using TXD(––).

406

Host Link Commands

Section 11-3

Reception Format

When TXD(––) is executed, the data stored in the words beginning with the first
send word is converted to ASCII and output to the host computer as a host link
command in the format shown below. The “@” symbol, node number, header
code, FCS, and delimiter are all added automatically when the transmission is
sent. At the host computer, it is necessary to prepare in advance a program for
interpreting and processing this format.

@

E

Node no.

122 characters max.

X

Header code
(Must be “EX”)

Text

↵

:
FCS

Terminator

One byte of data (2 digits hexadecimal) is converted to two characters in ASCII
for transmission, the amount of data in the transmission is twice the amount of
words specified for TXD(––). The maximum number of characters for transmission is 122 and the maximum number of bytes that can be designated for
TXD(––) is one half of that, or 61.

11-3 Host Link Commands
This section explains the commands that can be issued from the host computer
to the PC.

11-3-1 IR/SR AREA READ –– RR
Reads the contents of the specified number of IR and SR words, starting from
the specified word.
Command Format
@

x 101 x 100

Node no.

R

R

Header
code

x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100 x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100

Beginning word
(0000 to 0511)

No. of words
(0000 to 0512)

:
FCS

↵

Terminator

Response Format
@

x 101 x 100

Node no.

R

R

Header
code

x 161 x 160 x 163 x 162 x 161 x 160

End code

Read data (1 word)

:
FCS

↵

Terminator

Read data (for number of words read)

Parameters

Read Data (Response)
The contents of the number of words specified by the command are returned in
hexadecimal as a response. The words are returned in order, starting with the
specified beginning word.

11-3-2 LR AREA READ –– RL
Reads the contents of the specified number of LR words, starting from the specified word.
Command Format
@

x 101 x 100

Node no.

R

L

Header
code

x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100 x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100

Beginning word
(0000 to 0063)

No. of words
(0001 to 0064)

:
FCS

↵

Terminator

407

Host Link Commands

Section 11-3

Response Format
@

x 101 x 100

Node no.

R

L

Header
code

x 161 x 160 x 163 x 162 x 161 x 160

End code

Read data (1 word)

:
FCS

↵

Terminator

Read data (for number of words read)

Parameters

Read Data (Response)
The contents of the number of words specified by the command are returned in
hexadecimal as a response. The words are returned in order, starting with the
specified beginning word.

11-3-3 HR AREA READ –– RH
Reads the contents of the specified number of HR words, starting from the specified word.
Command Format
@

x 101 x 100

Node no.

R

H

Header
code

x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100 x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100

Beginning word
(0000 to 0099)

No. of words
(0001 to 0100)

:
FCS

↵

Terminator

Response Format
@

x 101 x 100

Node no.

R

H

Header
code

Parameters

x 161 x 160 x 163 x 162 x 161 x 160

End code

Read data (1 word)

:
FCS

↵

Terminator

Read data (for number of words read)

Read Data (Response)
The contents of the number of words specified by the command are returned in
hexadecimal as a response. The words are returned in order, starting with the
specified beginning word.

11-3-4 PV READ –– RC
Reads the contents of the specified number of timer/counter PVs (present values), starting from the specified timer/counter.
Command Format
@

x 101 x 100

Node no.

R

C

Header
code

x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100 x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100

Beginning timer/counter
(0000 to 0511)

No. of timers/counters
(0001 to 0512)

:
FCS

↵

Terminator

Response Format
@

x 101 x 100

Node no.

Parameters

408

R

C

Header
code

x 161 x 160 x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100

End code

Read data (1 word)
Read data (for number of words read)

:
FCS

↵

Terminator

Read Data (Response)
The number of present values specified by the command is returned in hexade-

Host Link Commands

Section 11-3
cimal as a response. The PVs are returned in order, starting with the specified
beginning timer/counter.

11-3-5 TC STATUS READ –– RG
Reads the status of the Completion Flags of the specified number of timers/
counters, starting from the specified timer/counter.
Command Format
@

x 101 x 100

R

Node no.

G

Header
code

x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100 x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100

Beginning timer/counter
(0000 to 0511)

No. of timers/counters
(0001 to 0512)

:
FCS

↵

Terminator

Response Format
@

x 101 x 100
Node no.

R

G

Header
code

x 161 x 160 ON/
OFF

:

End code

FCS

↵

Terminator

Read data
(1 timer/counter)
Read data
(for number of TC read)

Parameters

Read Data (Response)
The status of the number of Completion Flags specified by the command is returned as a response. “1” indicates that the Completion Flag is ON.

11-3-6 DM AREA READ –– RD
Reads the contents of the specified number of DM words, starting from the specified word.
Command Format
@

x 101 x 100

Node no.

R

D

Header
code

Note

x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100 x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100

Beginning word
(0000 to 9999)

No. of words
(0001 to 10000)
(see note)

:
FCS

↵

Terminator

1. If 10,000 words have to be read, specify the number of words to be read as
0000.
2. DM 6656 to DM 6999 do not exist. An error will not, however, result if you try
to read these words. Instead, “0000” will be returned as a response.

Response Format
@

x 101 x 100

Node no.

Parameters

R

D

Header
code

x 161 x 160 x 163 x 162 x 161 x 160

End code

Read data (1 word)

:
FCS

↵

Terminator

Read data (for number of words read)

Read Data (Response)
The contents of the number of words specified by the command are returned in
hexadecimal as a response. The words are returned in order, starting with the
specified beginning word.

409

Host Link Commands

Section 11-3

11-3-7 AR AREA READ –– RJ
Reads the contents of the specified number of AR words, starting from the specified word.
Command Format
@

x 101 x 100

Node no.

R

J

Header
code

x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100 x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100

Beginning word
(0000 to 0027)

No. of words
(0001 to 0028)

:
FCS

↵

Terminator

Response Format
@

x 101 x 100

Node no.

R

J

Header
code

Parameters

x 161 x 160 x 163 x 162 x 161 x 160

End code

:

Read data (1 word )

FCS

↵

Terminator

Read data
(for number of words read)

Read Data (Response)
The contents of the number of words specified by the command are returned in
hexadecimal as a response. The words are returned in order, starting with the
specified beginning word.

11-3-8 IR/SR AREA WRITE –– WR
Writes data to the IR and SR areas, starting from the specified word. Writing is
done word by word.
Command Format
@

x 101 x 100

Node no.

W

R

Header
code

x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100 x 163 x 162 x 161 x 160

Beginning word
(0000 to 0511)

:

Write data (1 word)

↵

Terminator

FCS

Write data
(for number of words to write)

Note Data cannot be written to words 253 to 255. If there is an attempt to write to these
words, no error will result, but nothing will be written to these words.
Response Format
@

x 101 x 100

Node no.

Parameters

R

x 161 x 160

Header
code

End code

W

:
FCS

↵

Terminator

Write Data (Command)
Specify in order the contents of the number of words to be written to the IR or SR
area in hexadecimal, starting with the specified beginning word.
Note If data is specified for writing which exceeds the allowable range, an error will be
generated and the writing operation will not be executed. If, for example, 511 is
specified as the beginning word for writing,and two words of data are specified,
then 0512 will become the last word for writing data, and the command will not be
executed because SR 512 is beyond the writeable range.

410

Host Link Commands

Section 11-3

11-3-9 LR AREA WRITE –– WL
Writes data to the LR area, starting from the specified word. Writing is done word
by word.
Command Format
@

x 101 x 100

Node no.

W

L

Header
code

x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100 x 163 x 162 x 161 x 160

Beginning word
(0000 to 0063)

:

Write data (1 word)

FCS

↵

Terminator

Write data
(for number of words to write )

Response Format
@

x 101 x 100

Node no.

Parameters

L

x 161 x 160

Header
code

End code

W

:
FCS

↵

Terminator

Write Data (Command)
Specify in order the contents of the number of words to be written to the LR area
in hexadecimal, starting with the specified beginning word.
Note If data is specified for writing which exceeds the allowable range, an error will be
generated and the writing operation will not be executed. If, for example, 60 is
specified as the beginning word for writing and five words of data are specified,
then 64 will become the last word for writing data, and the command will not be
executed because LR 64 is beyond area boundary.

11-3-10 HR AREA WRITE –– WH
Writes data to the HR area, starting from the specified word. Writing is done word
by word.
Command Format
@

x 101 x 100

Node no.

W

H

Header
code

x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100 x 163 x 162 x 161 x 160

Beginning word
(0000 to 0099)

↵

:

Write data (1 word)

Terminator

FCS

Write data
(for no. of words to write)

Response Format
@

x 101 x 100

Node no.

Parameters

H

x 161 x 160

Header
code

End code

W

:
FCS

↵

Terminator

Write Data (Command)
Specify in order the contents of the number of words to be written to the HR area
in hexadecimal, starting with the specified beginning word.
Note If data is specified for writing which exceeds the allowable range, an error will be
generated and the writing operation will not be executed. If, for example, 98 is
specified as the beginning word for writing, and three words of data are specified, then 100 will become the last word for writing data, and the command will
not be executed because HR 100 is beyond area boundary.

411

Host Link Commands

Section 11-3

11-3-11 PV WRITE –– WC
Writes the PVs (present values) of timers/counters starting from the specified
timer/counter.
Command Format
@

x 101 x 100

Node no.

W

x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100 x 163 x 162 x 161 x 160

C

Header
code

Beginning timer/counter
(0000 to 0511)

↵

:

Write data (1 timer/counter)

Terminator

FCS

Write data
(for no. of PV to write)

Response Format
@

x 101 x 100

Node no.

Parameters

W

C

Header
code

x 161 x 160

End code

↵

:
FCS

Terminator

Write Data (Command)
Specify in decimal numbers (BCD) the present values for the number of timers/
counters that are to be written, starting from the beginning timer/counter.
Note

1. When this command is used to write data to the PV area, the Completion
Flags for the timers/counters that are written will be turned OFF.
2. If data is specified for writing which exceeds the allowable range, an error
will be generated and the writing operation will not be executed. If, for example, 510 is specified as the beginning word for writing, and three words of
data are specified, then 512 will become the last word for writing data, and
the command will not be executed because TC 512 is beyond area boundary.

11-3-12 TC STATUS WRITE –– WG
Writes the status of the Completion Flags for timers and counters in the TC area,
starting from the specified timer/counter (number). Writing is done number by
number.
Command Format
@

x 101 x 100

Node no.

W

G

Header
code

x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100 ON/
OFF
Beginning timer/counter
(0000 to 0511)

↵

:

Terminator

FCS
Write data
(1 timer/counter)
Write data
(for number of TC to write)

Response Format
@

x 101 x 100

Node no.

Parameters

412

W

G

Header
code

x 161 x 160

End code

:
FCS

↵

Terminator

Write Data (Command)
Specify the status of the Completion Flags, for the number of timers/counters to
be written, in order (from the beginning word) as ON (i.e., “1”) or OFF (i.e., “0”).
When a Completion Flag is ON, it indicates that the time or count is up.

Host Link Commands

Section 11-3
Note If data is specified for writing which exceeds the allowable range, an error will be
generated and the writing operation will not be executed. If, for example, 510 is
specified as the beginning word for writing, and three words of data are specified, then 512 will become the last word for writing data, and the command will
not be executed because TC 512 is beyond area boundary.

11-3-13 DM AREA WRITE –– WD
Writes data to the DM area, starting from the specified word. Writing is done
word by word.
Command Format
@

x 101 x 100
Node no.

W

D

Header
code

x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100 x 163 x 162 x 161 x 160
Beginning word
(0000 to 9999)

:

Write data (1 word)

↵

Terminator

FCS

Write data
(for number of words to write)

Note DM 6656 to DM 6999 do not exist. An error will not, however, result if you try to
write to these words.
Response Format
@

x 101 x 100

Node no.

Parameters

D

x 161 x 160

Header
code

End code

W

:
FCS

↵

Terminator

Write Data (Command)
Specify in order the contents of the number of words to be written to the DM area
in hexadecimal, starting with the specified beginning word.
Note

1. If data is specified for writing which exceeds the allowable range, an error
will be generated and the writing operation will not be executed. If, for example, 9998 is specified as the beginning word for writing, and three words of
data are specified, then 10000 will become the last word for writing data, and
the command will not be executed because DM 10000 is beyond the writeable range.
2. Be careful about the configuration of the DM area, as it varies depending on
the CPU model.

11-3-14 AR AREA WRITE –– WJ
Writes data to the AR area, starting from the specified word. Writing is done word
by word.
Command Format
@

x 101 x 100

Node no.

W

J

Header
code

x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100 x 163 x 162 x 161 x 160

Beginning word
(0000 to 0027)

:

Write data (1 word)

FCS

↵

Terminator

Write data
(for the number of words to write)

Response Format
@

x 101 x 100
Node no.

J

x 161 x 160

Header
code

End code

W

:
FCS

↵

Terminator

413

Host Link Commands

Section 11-3

Parameters

Write Data (Command)
Specify in order the contents of the number of words to be written to the AR area
in hexadecimal, starting with the specified beginning word.
Note If data is specified for writing which exceeds the allowable range, an error will be
generated and the writing operation will not be executed. If, for example, 26 is
specified as the beginning word for writing, and three words of data are specified, then 28 will become the last word for writing data, and the command will not
be executed because AR 28 is beyond the writeable range.

11-3-15 SV READ 1 –– R#
Searches for the first instance of a TIM, TIMH(15), CNT, CNTR(12), or TTIM(87)
instruction with the specified TC number in the user’s program and reads the PV,
which assumed to be set as a constant. The SV that is read is a 4-digit decimal
number (BCD). The program is searched from the beginning, and it may therefore take approximately 10 seconds to produce a response.
Command Format
@

x 101 x 100
Node no.

R

#

OP1 OP2 OP3 OP4 x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100

Header
code

Name

TC number
(0000 to 0511)

:

↵

Terminator

FCS

Response Format
@

x 101 x 100

Node no.

Parameters

R

#

x 161 x 160 x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100

Header
code

End code

SV

:
FCS

↵

Terminator

Name, TC Number (Command)
Specify the instruction for reading the SV in “Name”. Make this setting in 4 characters. In “TC number”, specify the timer/counter number used for the instruction.
Instruction name
OP1
T
T
C
C
T

OP2
I
I
N
N
T

OP3
M
M
T
T
I

Classification
OP4
(S)
H
(S)
R
M

TIMER
HIGH-SPEED TIMER
COUNTER
REVERSIBLE COUNTER
TOTALIZING TIMER

TC number
range
0000 to 0511

(S): Space
SV (Response)
The constant SV is returned.
Note

1. The instruction specified under “Name” must be in four characters. Fill any
gaps with spaces to make a total of four characters.
2. If the same instruction is used more than once in a program, only the first one
will be read.
3. Use this command only when it is definite that a constant SV has been set.

414

Host Link Commands

Section 11-3

11-3-16 SV READ 2 –– R$
Reads the constant SV or the word address where the SV is stored. The SV that
is read is a 4-digit decimal number (BCD) written as the second operand for the
TIM, TIMH(15), CNT, CNTR(12), or TTIM(87) instruction at the specified program address in the user’s program. This can only be done with a program of
less than 10K.
Command Format
@

x 101 x 100

Node no.

R

$

x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100 OP1 OP2 OP3 OP4 x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100

Header
code

Program
address

Name

Timer/counter
(0000 to 0511)

:
FCS

↵

Terminator

Response Format
@

x 101 x 100

Node no.

Parameters

R

$

Header
code

x 161 x 160 OP1 OP2 OP3 OP4 x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100

End code

Operand

SV

:
FCS

↵

Terminator

Name, TC Number (Command)
Specify the name of the instruction for reading the SV in “Name”. Make this setting in 4 characters. In “TC number”, specify the timer/counter number used by
the instruction.
Instruction name
OP1

OP2

T
T
C
C
T

OP3
M
M
T
T
I

I
I
N
N
T

Classification
OP4
(S)
H
(S)
R
M

TIMER
HIGH-SPEED TIMER
COUNTER
REVERSIBLE COUNTER
TOTALIZING TIMER

TC number
range
0000 to 0511

(S): Space
Operand, SV (Response)
The name that indicates the SV classification is returned to “Operand”, and either the word address where the SV is stored or the constant SV is returned to
“SV”.
Operand
OP1
C
L

OP2

Classification

Constant or
word
d address
dd

I

OP3
O

OP4
(S)

IR or SR

0000 to 0511

R

(S)

(S)

LR

0000 to 0063

H

R

(S)

(S)

HR

0000 to 0099

A

R

(S)

(S)

AR

0000 to 0027

D

M

(S)

(S)

DM

0000 to 6655

D

M

:

(S)

DM (indirect)

0000 to 6655

C

O

N

(S)

Constant

0000 to 9999

Note The instruction name specified under “Name” must be in four characters. Fill any
gaps with spaces to make a total of four characters.

415

Host Link Commands

Section 11-3

11-3-17 SV READ 3 –– R%
Reads the constant SV or the word address where the SV is stored. The SV that
is read is a 4-digit decimal number (BCD) written in the second word of the TIM,
TIMH(15), CNT, CNTR(12), or TTIM(87) instruction at the specified program address in the user’s program. With this command, program addresses can be
specified for a program of 10K or more.
Command Format
@

x 101 x 100

Node no.

R

%

x 105 x 104 x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100 OP1 OP2 OP3 OP4 x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100

Header
code

Program
address

Name

Timer/counter
(0000 to 0511)

Must be “0”
↵

:
FCS

Terminator

Response Format
@

x 101 x 100

Node no.

Parameters

R

%

Header
code

x 161 x 160 OP1 OP2 OP3 OP4 x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100

End code

Operand

SV

:
FCS

↵

Terminator

Name, TC Number (Command)
Specify the name of the instruction for reading the SV in “Name”. Make this setting in 4 characters. In “TC number”, specify the timer/counter number used by
the instruction.
Instruction name
OP1

OP2

T
T
C
C
T

OP3
M
M
T
T
I

I
I
N
N
T

Classification
OP4
(S)
H
(S)
R
M

TIMER
HIGH-SPEED TIMER
COUNTER
REVERSIBLE COUNTER
TOTALIZING TIMER

TC number
range
0000 to 0511

(S): Space
Operand, SV (Response)
The name that indicates the SV classification is returned to “Operand”, and either the word address where the SV is stored or the constant SV is returned to
“SV”.
Operand
OP1
C

OP2

Classification

Constant or
word
d address
dd

I

OP3
O

OP4
(S)

IR or SR

0000 to 0511

L

R

(S)

(S)

LR

0000 to 0063

H

R

(S)

(S)

HR

0000 to 0099

A

R

(S)

(S)

AR

0000 to 0027

D

M

(S)

(S)

DM

0000 to 6655

D

M

:

(S)

DM (indirect)

0000 to 6655

C

O

N

(S)

Constant

0000 to 9999

Note The instruction name specified under “Name” must be in four characters. Fill any
gaps with spaces to make a total of four characters.

416

Host Link Commands

Section 11-3

11-3-18 SV CHANGE 1 –– W#
Searches for the first instance of the specified TIM, TIMH(15), CNT, CNTR(12),
or TTIM(87) instruction in the user’s program and changes the SV to new
constant SV specified in the second word of the instruction. The program is
searched from the beginning, and it may therefore take approximately 10 seconds to produce a response.
Command Format
x 101 x 100

@

Node no.

W

OP1 OP2 OP3 OP4 x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100 x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100

#

Header
code

Name

Timer/counter
(0000 to 0511)

↵

:

SV (0000 to 9999)

FCS

Terminator

Response Format
@

x 101 x 100

Node no.

Parameters

W

#

x 161 x 160

Header
code

End code

:
FCS

↵

Terminator

Name, TC Number (Command)
In “Name”, specify the name of the instruction, in four characters, for changing
the SV. In “TC number”, specify the timer/counter number used for the instruction.
Instruction name
OP1
T
T
C
C
T

OP2
I
I
N
N
T

OP3
M
M
T
T
I

Classification
OP4
(S)
H
(S)
R
M

TC number
range

TIMER
HIGH-SPEED TIMER
COUNTER
REVERSIBLE COUNTER
TOTALIZING TIMER

0000 to 0511

(S): Space

11-3-19 SV CHANGE 2 –– W$
Changes the contents of the second word of the TIM, TIMH(15), CNT,
CNTR(12), or TTIM(87) at the specified program address in the user’s program.
This can only be done with a program of less than 10K.
Command Format
@

x 101 x 100

Node no.

W

$

Header
code

x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100 OP1 OP2 OP3 OP4

Program
address

Name

x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100

Timer/counter
(0000 to 0511)

OP1 OP2 OP3 OP4

x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100

Operand

SV

:
FCS

↵

Terminator

Response Format
@

x 101 x 100

Node no.

W

$

Header
code

x 161 x 160

End code

:

FCS

↵

Terminator

417

Host Link Commands

Section 11-3

Parameters

Name, TC Number (Command)
In “Name”, specify the name of the instruction, in four characters, for changing
the SV. In “TC number”, specify the timer/counter number used for the instruction.
Instruction name
OP1

OP2

T
T
C
C
T

OP3
M
M
T
T
I

I
I
N
N
T

Classification
OP4
(S)
H
(S)
R
M

TC number
range

TIMER
HIGH-SPEED TIMER
COUNTER
REVERSIBLE COUNTER
TOTALIZING TIMER

0000 to 0511

(S): Space
Operand, SV (Response)
In “Operand”, specify the name that indicates the SV classification. Specify the
name in four characters. In “SV”, specify either the word address where the SV is
stored or the constant SV.
Operand
OP1
C
L

OP2

Classification

Constant or
d address
dd
word

I

OP3
O

OP4
(S)

IR or SR

0000 to 0511

R

(S)

(S)

LR

0000 to 0063

H

R

(S)

(S)

HR

0000 to 0099

A

R

(S)

(S)

AR

0000 to 0027

D

M

(S)

(S)

DM

0000 to 6655

D

M

:

(S)

DM (indirect)

0000 to 6655

C

O

N

(S)

Constant

0000 to 9999

(S): Space

11-3-20 SV CHANGE 3 –– W%
Changes the contents of the second word of the TIM, TIMH(15), CNT,
CNTR(12), or TTIM(87) at the specified program address in the user’s program.
With this command, program address can be specified for a program of more
than 10K.
Command Format
@

x 101 x 100

Node no.

W

%

x 105 x 104 x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100 OP1 OP2 OP3 OP4 x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100

Header
code

Program
address

Name

Timer/counter
(0000 to 0511)

Must be “0”
OP1 OP2 OP3 OP4

x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100

Operand

SV

:
FCS

Terminator

Response Format
@

x 101 x 100

Node no.

418

W

%

Header
code

x 161 x 160

End code

:
FCS

↵

↵

Terminator

Host Link Commands

Section 11-3

Parameters

Name, TC Number (Command)
In “Name”, specify the name of the instruction, in four characters, for changing
the SV. In “TC number”, specify the timer/counter number used for the instruction.
Instruction name
OP1

OP2

T
T
C
C
T

OP3
M
M
T
T
I

I
I
N
N
T

Classification
OP4
(S)
H
(S)
R
M

TC number
range

TIMER
HIGH-SPEED TIMER
COUNTER
REVERSIBLE COUNTER
TOTALIZING TIMER

0000 to 0511

(S): Space
Operand, New SV (Response)
In “Operand”, specify the name that indicates the SV classification. Specify the
name in four characters. In “SV”, specify either the word address where the SV is
stored or the constant SV.
Operand
OP2

Classification

Constant or
word
d address
dd

OP1
C

I

OP3
O

OP4
(S)

IR or SR

0000 to 0511

L

R

(S)

(S)

LR

0000 to 0063

H

R

(S)

(S)

HR

0000 to 0099

A

R

(S)

(S)

AR

0000 to 0027

D

M

(S)

(S)

DM

0000 to 6655

D

M

:

(S)

DM (indirect)

0000 to 6655

C

O

N

(S)

Constant

0000 to 9999

(S): Space

11-3-21 STATUS READ –– MS
Reads the PC operating conditions.
Command Format

@

x 101 x 100

Node no.

M

S

Header
code

:
FCS

↵

Terminator

Response Format

@

x 101 x 100

Node no.

M

S

Header
code

x 161 x 160 x 163 x 162 x 161 x 160 16 characters

End code

Status data

Message

:
FCS

↵

Terminator

419

Host Link Commands

Section 11-3

Parameters

Status Data, Message (Response)
“Status data” consists of four digits (two bytes) hexadecimal. The leftmost byte
indicates CPU operation mode, and the rightmost byte indicates the size of the
program area.

x 163
Bit 15

14

13

0

0

x 162
12

11

10

9

8

0
Operation mode

Bit
1: Remote I/O
waiting for power
application
1: Fatal error generated
1: FALS generated

9

8

0

0

PROGRAM mode

1

0

RUN mode

1

1

MONITOR mode

x 161
Bit

7

6

5

This area is different
from that of
STATUS WRITE.

x 160
4

3

1

2

1

0

0

0

0

Program area

Bit
6

5

4

1

0

0

Program area write enable
0: Disabled (DIP switch pin 1 is ON)
1: Enabled (DIP switch pin 1 is OFF)

32 Kbytes

“Message” indicates the FAL/FALS number generated at the point when the
command is executed. When there is no message, this is omitted.

11-3-22 STATUS WRITE –– SC
Changes the PC operating mode.
Command Format

@

x 101 x 100

Node no.

S

C

x 161 x 160

Header
code

Mode data

S

x 161 x 160

:

FCS

↵

Terminator

Response Format

@

x 101 x 100

Node no.

420

C

Header
code

End code

:

FCS

↵

Terminator

Host Link Commands

Section 11-3

Parameters

Mode Data (Command)
“Mode data” consists of two digits (one byte) hexadecimal. With the leftmost two
bits, specify the PC operating mode. Set all of the remaining bits to “0”.
x 161

x 160

Bit 7

6

5

4

3

2

0

0

0

0

0

0

1

0

Bit

Operation mode

1

0

0

0

PROGRAM mode

1

0

MONITOR mode

1

1

RUN mode

This area is different
from that of STATUS
READ.

11-3-23 ERROR READ –– MF
Reads and clears errors in the PC. Also checks whether previous errors have
been cleared.
Command Format
@

x 101 x 100

Node no.

M

F

Header
code

x 101 x 100

Error clear

:

FCS

↵

Terminator

Response Format
@

x 101 x 100

Node no.

Parameters

M

F

Header
code

x 161 x 160 x 163 x 162 x 161 x 160 x 163 x 162 x 161 x 160

End code

Error information
(1st word)

Error information
(2nd word)

:

FCS

↵

Terminator

Error Clear (Command)
Specify 01 to clear errors and 00 to not clear errors (BCD). Fatal errors can be
cleared only when the PC is in PROGRAM mode.

421

Host Link Commands

Section 11-3
Error Information (Response)
The error information comes in two words.

1st word
x 163
Bit 15

14

x 162

13

12

11

10

0

9

x 161
8

7

6

5

x 160
4

3

2

1

0

0
(Data from I/O bus)
0 1: Group 2 (data bus failure)
0
0
0
0

0
0
1
1

0:
1:
0:
1:

CPU Rack
Expansion I/O Rack 1
Expansion I/O Rack 2
Expansion I/O Rack 3

ON: Battery error (Error code F7)
ON: Special I/O Unit error
ON: System error (FAL)
ON: Memory error (Error code F1)
ON: I/O bus error (Error code C0)
ON: PC link error
ON: Host Link Unit transmission error
ON: No end instruction error (FALS)
ON: System error (FALS)
2nd word
x 163
Bit 15

14

x 162

13

12

11

x 161

10

9

8

0

0

0

7

6

5

x 160
4

3

2

1

0

FAL, FALS No. (B CD00 to 99)
ON: I/O verify error (Error code F7)
ON: Cycle time overrun (Error code F8)
ON: I/O Unit overflow (Error code E1)
ON: I/O setting error (Error code E0)
ON: Remote I/O error (Error codes B0 to B3)

11-3-24 FORCED SET –– KS
Force sets a bit in the IR, SR, LR, HR, AR, or TC area. Once a bit has been forced
set or reset, that status will be retained until FORCED SET/RESET CANCEL
(KC) is transmitted.
Command Format
@

x 101 x 100

Node no.

K

S

Header
code

OP1 OP2 OP3 OP4 x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100 x 101 x 100

Name

Word
address

Bit

:

FCS

Terminator

Response Format
@

x 101 x 100

Node no.

422

K

S

Header
code

x 161 x 160

End code

:
FCS

↵

↵

Terminator

Host Link Commands

Section 11-3

Parameters

Name, Word address, Bit (Command)
In “Name”, specify the area (i.e., IR, SR, LR, HR, AR, or TC) that is to be forced
set. Specify the name in four characters. In “Word address”, specify the address
of the word, and in “Bit” the number of the bit that is to be forced set.

Name
OP1
C
L
H
A
T
T
C
C
T

OP2
I
R
R
R
I
I
N
N
T

OP3
O
(S)
(S)
(S)
M
M
T
T
I

Classification
OP4
(S)
(S)
(S)
(S)
(S)
H
(S)
R
M

Word address setting
g
range

IR or SR
LR
HR
AR
Completion Flag (timer)
Completion Flag (high-speed timer)
Completion Flag (counter)
Completion Flag (reversible counter)
Completion Flag (totalizing timer)

Bit
00 to 15 (decimal)
(
)

0000 to 0511
0000 to 0063
0000 to 0099
0000 to 0027
0000 to 0511

Always
y 00.

(S): Space
Note

1. The area specified under “Name” must be in four characters. Fill any gaps
with spaces to make a total of four characters.
2. Words 253 to 255 cannot be set when the CIO Area is specified.

11-3-25 FORCED RESET –– KR
Force resets a bit in an IR, SR, LR, HR, AR, or TC area. Once a bit has been
forced set or reset, that status will be retained until FORCED SET/RESET CANCEL (KC) is transmitted.
Command Format
@

x 101 x 100

Node no.

K

R

Header
code

OP1 OP2 OP3 OP4 x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100 x 101 x 100

Name

Word
address

Bit

:

FCS

↵

Terminator

Response Format
@

x 101 x 100

Node no.

Parameters

OP2
I
R
R
R
I
I
N
N
T

R

Header
code

x 161 x 160

End code

:
FCS

↵

Terminator

Name, Word address, Bit (Command)
In “Name”, specify the area (i.e., IR, SR, LR, HR, AR, or TC) that is to be forced
reset. Specify the name in four characters. In “Word address”, specify the address of the word, and in “Bit” the number of the bit that is to be forced reset.

Name
OP1
C
L
H
A
T
T
C
C
T

K

OP3
O
(S)
(S)
(S)
M
M
T
T
I

Classification
OP4
(S)
(S)
(S)
(S)
(S)
H
(S)
R
M

IR or SR
LR
HR
AR
Completion Flag (timer)
Completion Flag (high-speed timer)
Completion Flag (counter)
Completion Flag (reversible counter)
Completion Flag (totalizing timer)

Word address setting
g
range
0000 to 0511
0000 to 0063
0000 to 0099
0000 to 0027
0000 to 0511

Bit
00 to 15 (decimal)
(
)

Always
y 00.

(S): Space

423

Host Link Commands

Section 11-3
Note

1. The area specified under “Name” must be in four characters. Fill any gaps
with spaces to make a total of four characters.
2. Words 253 to 255 cannot be set when the CIO Area is specified.

11-3-26 MULTIPLE FORCED SET/RESET –– FK
Force sets, force resets, or cancels the status of the bits in one word in the IR,
SR, LR, HR, AR, or TC area.
Command Format

@

x 101 x 100

Node no.

F

K

Header
code

OP1 OP2 OP3 OP4 x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100

Name

Word
address

Forced set/reset/cancel data
x 160 x 160 x 160 x 160 x 160 x 160

:

x 160 x 160
FCS

Bit

15

14

13

12

11

10

1

↵

Terminator

0

Response Format

@

x 101 x 100

Node no.

Parameters

OP2
I
R
R
R
I
I
N
N
T

K

Header
code

x 161 x 160

End code

:
FCS

↵

Terminator

Name, Word address (Command)
In “Name”, specify the area (i.e., IR, SR, LR, HR, AR, or TC) that is to be forced
set or reset. Specify the name in four characters. In “Word address”, specify the
address of the word that is to be forced set or reset.

Name
OP1
C
L
H
A
T
T
C
C
T

F

OP3
O
(S)
(S)
(S)
M
M
T
T
I

Classification
OP4
(S)
(S)
(S)
(S)
(S)
H
(S)
R
M

IR or SR
LR
HR
AR
Completion Flag (timer)
Completion Flag (high-speed timer)
Completion Flag (counter)
Completion Flag (reversible counter)
Completion Flag (totalizing timer)

Word address setting
g
range
0000 to 0511
0000 to 0063
0000 to 0099
0000 to 0027
0000 to 0511

Bit
00 to 15 (decimal)
(
)

Always
y 00.

(S): Space
Note Words 253 to 255 cannot be set when the CIO Area is specified.

424

Host Link Commands

Section 11-3
Forced set/reset/cancel Data (Command)
A separate hexadecimal digit is used to specify the desired process for each bit
in the specified word, bits 00 to bit 5. The bits that are merely set or reset may
change status the next time the program is executed, but bits that are force-set
or force-reset will maintain the forced status until it is cleared. If the item specified under “Name” is a timer or counter, the status of the Completion Flag can be
force-set or force-reset using bit 15, and all other bits will be ignored. Only forcesetting and force-resetting are possible for timers/counters.
Bits 00 to 15

Setting

00

Bit status not changed

02

Reset

03

Set

04

Forced-reset

05

Forced-set

08

Forced set/reset status cancel

Note The item specified under “Name” must be in four characters. Fill any gaps with
spaces to make a total of four characters.

11-3-27 FORCED SET/RESET CANCEL –– KC
Cancels all forced set and forced reset bits (including those set by FORCED
SET, FORCED RESET, and MULTIPLE FORCED SET/RESET). If multiple bits
are set, the forced status will be cancelled for all of them. It is not possible to cancel bits one by one using KC.
Command Format
@

x 101 x 100

K

Node no.

C

Header
code

↵

:
FCS

Terminator

Response Format
@

x 101 x 100

Node no.

K

C

Header
code

x 161 x 160

End code

:
FCS

↵

Terminator

11-3-28 PC MODEL READ –– MM
Reads the model type of the PC.
Command Format
@

x 101 x 100

Node no.

M

M

Header
code

:
FCS

↵

Terminator

Response Format
@

x 101 x 100

Node no.

M

M

Header
code

x 161 x 160 x 161 x 160

End code

Model
code

:
FCS

↵

Terminator

425

Host Link Commands
Parameters

Section 11-3
Model Code
“Model code” indicates the PC model in two digits hexadecimal.
Model code

Model

01

C250

02

C500

03

C120

0E

C2000

10

C1000H

11

C2000H/CQM1

12

C20H/C28H/C40H/C200H/C200HS

20

CV500

21

CV1000

22

CV2000

40

CVM1-CPU01-E

41

CVM1-CPU11-E

11-3-29 TEST–– TS
Returns, unaltered, one block of data transmitted from the host computer.
Command Format
@

x 101 x 100

Node no.

T

122 characters max.

S

Header
code

:
FCS

Characters

↵

Terminator

Response Format
@

x 101 x 100

Node no.

Parameters

T

122 characters max.

S

Header
code

:
FCS

Characters

↵

Terminator

Characters (Command, Response)
For the command, this setting specifies any characters other than the carriage
return (CHR$(13)). For the response, the same characters as specified by the
command will be returned unaltered if the test is successful.

11-3-30 PROGRAM READ –– RP
Reads the contents of the PC user’s program area in machine language (object
code). The contents are read as a block, from the beginning to the end.
Command Format
@

x 101 x 100

Node no.

R

P

Header
code

:
FCS

↵

Terminator

Response Format
@

x 101 x 100

Node no.

426

R

P

Header
code

x 161 x 160 x 161 x 160

End code

1 byte
Program (for entire UM area)

:
FCS

↵

Terminator

Host Link Commands
Parameters

Section 11-3
Program (Response)
The program is read from the entire program area.
Note To stop this operation in progress, execute the ABORT (XZ) command.

11-3-31 PROGRAM WRITE –– WP
Writes to the PC user’s program area the machine language (object code) program transmitted from the host computer. The contents are written as a block,
from the beginning.
Command Format
@

x 101 x 100

W

Node no.

P

Header
code

x 161 x 160

:

1 byte

FCS

↵

Terminator

Program (Up to maximum memory size)

Response Format
@

x 101 x 100

Node no.

Parameters

W

P

Header
code

x 161 x 160

End code

:
FCS

↵

Terminator

Program ((Command)
Program data up to the maximum memory size.

11-3-32 I/O TABLE GENERATE –– MI
Corrects the registered I/O table to match the actual I/O table.
Command Format
@

x 101 x 100

Node no.

M

I

Header
code

:
FCS

↵

Terminator

Response Format
@

x 101 x 100

Node no.

M

I

Header
code

x 161 x 160

End code

:
FCS

↵

Terminator

11-3-33 COMPOUND COMMAND –– QQ
Registers at the PC all of the bits, words, and timers/counters that are to be read,
and reads the status of all of them as a batch.

Registering Read Information
Register the information on all of the bits, words, and timers/counters that are to
be read.

427

Host Link Commands

Section 11-3

Command Format
@

x 101 x 100

Node no.

Q

Q

Header
code

M

R

OP1 OP2 OP3 OP4 x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100 OP1 OP2

Sub-header
code

Read area

Read word address

Data
format

,
Data break

Single read information
Total read information (128 max.)

,

OP1 OP2 OP3 OP4 x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100 OP1 OP2

Data break

Read area

Read word address

Data
format

↵

:
FCS

Terminator

Single read information
Total read information (128 max.)

Response Format
@

x 101 x 100

Q

Node no.

Parameters

Q

Header
code

M

R

x 161 x 160

Sub-header End code
code

:
FCS

↵

Terminator

Read Area (Command)
Specify in four-character code the area that is to be read. The codes that can be
specified are listed in the following table.
Read Word address, Data Format (Command)
Depending on the area and type of data that are to be read, the information to be
read is as shown in the following table. The “read data” is specified in four digits
BCD, and the data format is specified in two digits BCD.

Area classification
IR or SR
LR
HR
AR
Timer
High-speed
g
timer
Counter
Reversible counter
Totalizing
g timer
DM

Read data
Bit
Word
Bit
Word
Bit
Word
Bit
Bit
Completion Flag
PV
Completion Flag
PV
Completion Flag
PV
Completion Flag
PV
Completion Flag
PV
Word

(S): Space

428

Read area
C I O ((S))

Read word
0000 to 0255

L R (S)
( ) (S)
( )

0000 to 0063

H R (S)
( ) (S)
( )

0000 to 0099

A R ((S)) ((S))

0000 to 0027

T I M ((S))

0000 to 0511

TIMH

0000 to 0511

C N T ((S))

0000 to 0511

CNTR

0000 to 0511

TTIM

0000 to 0511

D M (S) (S)

0000 to 6655

Data format
00 to 15 (decimal)
“CH”
00 to 15 (decimal)
“CH”
00 to 15 (decimal)
“CH”
00 to 15 (decimal)
“CH”
2 characters other than “CH”
“CH”
2 characters other than “CH”
“CH”
2 characters other than “CH”
“CH”
2 characters other than “CH”
“CH”
2 characters other than “CH”
“CH”
Any 2 characters

Host Link Commands

Section 11-3
Data Break (Command)
The read information is specified one item at a time separated by a break code
(,). The maximum number of items that can be specified is 128. (When the PV of
a timer/counter is specified, however, the status of the Completion Flag is also
returned, and must therefore be counted as two items.)

Batch Reading
The bit, word, and timer/counter status is read as a batch according to the read
information that was registered with QQ.
Command Format
x 101 x 100

@

Q

Node no.

Q

Header
code

I

R

↵

:

Sub-header
code

FCS

Terminator

Response Format

@

x 101 x 100

Node no.

Q

Q

Header
code

I

R

x 161 x 160 ON/ x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100
OFF

Sub-header End code
code

,

ON/
OFF

,

Timer/Counter
If PV is specified the status of the Completion Flag
is also returned.

,

Data break

x 163 x 162 x 161 x 160

Word data
IR, SR, LR, HR,
AR, DM

Bit data
ON/OFF

Parameters

,

:
FCS

↵

Terminator

Read Data (Response)
Read data is returned according to the data format and the order in which read
information was registered using QQ. If “Completion Flag” has been specified,
then bit data (ON or OFF) is returned. If “Word” has been specified, then word
data is returned. If “PV” has been specified for timers/counters, however, then
the PV is returned following the Completion Flag.
Data Break (Response)
The break code (, ) is returned between sections that are read.

11-3-34 ABORT –– XZ
Aborts the Host Link operation that is currently being processed, and then enables reception of the next command. The ABORT command does not receive a
response.
Command Format
@

x 101 x 100

Node no.

X

Z

Header
code

:
FCS

↵

Terminator

429

Host Link Commands

Section 11-3

11-3-35 INITIALIZE –– ::
Initializes the transmission control procedure of all the PCs connected to the
host computer. The INITIALIZE command does not use node numbers or FCS,
and does not receive a response.
Command Format
@

:

:

↵

11-3-36 Undefined Command –– IC
This response is returned if the header code of a command cannot be decoded.
Check the header code.
Response Format
@

x 101 x 100

Node no.

430

I

C

Header
code

:
FCS

↵

Terminator

Host Link Errors

Section 11-4

11-4 Host Link Errors
These error codes are received as the response code (end code) when a command received by the C200HS from a host computer cannot be processed. The
error code format is as shown below.
@

X

X

Node
no.

X

X

Header
code

X

X

End code

X

X

FCS

:

↵

Terminator

The header code will vary according to the command and can contain a subcode
(for composite commands).
End
code

Contents

Probable cause

Corrective measures

00

Normal completion

---

01

Not executable in RUN mode

The command that was sent cannot be executed when the PC is in
RUN mode.

02

Not executable in MONITOR mode

The command that was sent cannot be executed when the PC is in
MONITOR mode.

0B

Not executable in PROGRAM
mode

The command that was sent cannot be executed when the PC is in
PROGRAM mode.

This code is not presently being
used.

13

FCS error

The FCS is wrong. Either the FCS
calculation is mistaken or there is
adverse influence from noise.

Check the FCS calculation method.
If there was influence from noise,
transfer the command again.

14

Format error

The command format is wrong.

Check the format and transfer the
command again.

15

Entry number data error

The areas for reading and writing
are wrong.

Correct the areas and transfer the
command again.

16

Command not supported

The specified command does not
exist.

Check the command code.

18

Frame length error

The maximum frame length was
exceeded.

Divide the command into multiple
frames.

19

Not executable

Items to read not registered for
composite command (QQ).

Execute QQ to register items to
read before attempting batch read.

23

User memory write-protected

A3

Aborted due to FCS error in transmit data

A4

Aborted due to format error in
transmit data

Pin 1 on C200HS DIP switch is ON. Turn OFF pin 1 to execute.
The error was generated while a
Check the command data and try
command extending
the transfer again.
g over more
g
th one frame
f
b i executhan
was being
ted.

A5

Aborted due to entry number data
error in transmit data

A8

Aborted due to frame length error
in transmit data

Other

---

Power Interruptions

--Check the relation between the
command and the PC mode.

Note:
N
t The
Th data
d t up tto th
thatt point
i th
has
already been written to the appropriate area of the CPU
CPU.

Influence from noise was received.

Transfer the command again.

The following responses may be received from the C200HS if a power interruption occurs, including momentary interruptions. If any of these responses are received during or after a power interruption, repeat the command.
Undefined Command Response
@00IC4A*↵
No Response
If no response is received, abort the last command and resend.

431

Appendix A
Standard Models
C200HS Racks
Name
Backplane ((same for all Racks))

CPU Rack

CPU

Specifications
10 slots
8 slots
5 slots
3 slots

C200H-BC101-V2
C200H-BC081-V2
C200H-BC051-V2
C200H-BC031-V2

100 to 120/200 to 240 VAC w/built-in –––
power supply
Conforms to EC
directives (see note)

C200HS-CPU01-E

24 VDC w/built-in power supply

Memory Cassette

Expansion
I/O Racks
R k

I/O Power Supply
y
U i
Unit

I/O Connecting
g
C bl (max.
Cable
(
totall
length: 12 m)

Slave
R k
Racks

Remote I/O Slave
U i
Unit

Model number

C200HS-CPU01-EC

RS-232C port
RS-232C port and
conforms to EC
directives

C200HS-CPU21-E
C200HS-CPU21-EC

RS-232C port and
SYSMAC NET/
SYSMAC LINK
supported

C200HS-CPU31-E

Conforms to EC
directives (see note)
RS-232C port
RS-232C port and
SYSMAC NET/
SYSMAC LINK
supported

C200HS-CPU03-E
C200HS-CPU23-E
C200HS-CPU33-E

EPROM Chip; 27256; 150 ns

ROM-JD-B

EPROM Chip; 27512; 150 ns

ROM-KD-B

EEPROM; 16K words

C200HS-ME16K

EPROM; 16K words

C200HS-MP16K

100 to 120/200 to 240 VAC (switchable)
Conforms to EC
directives

C200H-PS221
C200H-PS221-C

24 VDC

C200H-PS211

Conforms to EC
directives (see note)

30 cm
70 cm
2m

C200H-CN311
C200H-CN711
C200H-CN221

5m
10 m
100 to 120/200 to 240 VAC (switchable)
APF/
PCF
24 VDC
100 to 120/200 to 240 VAC (switchable)
Wired
Conforms to EC directives
24 VDC

C200H-CN521
C200H-CN131
C200H-RT001-P
C200H-RT002-P
C200H-RT201
C200H-RT201-C
C200H-RT202

Note: Units with lot numbers jjZ5 (Dec. 1995) or later.

433

Appendix A

Standard Models

C200H Standard I/O Units
Name
Input Units

Specifications

AC Input Unit

DC Input Unit

AC/DC Input Unit
Interrupt Input
Output Units

Unit1

Relay Output Unit

Triac Output Unit

Transistor Output
U i
Unit

Analog Timer Unit
Variable Resistor
Connector
Standard B7A Interface Units

Model number

8 pts

100 to 120 VAC

C200H-IA121

16 pts

100 to 120 VAC

C200H-IA122/122V

8 pts

200 to 240 VAC

C200H-IA221

16 pts

200 to 240 VAC

C200H-IA222/222V

8 pts

No-voltage contact; NPN

C200H-ID001

8 pts

No-voltage contact; PNP

C200H-ID002

8 pts

12 to 24 VDC

C200H-ID211

16 pts

24 VDC

C200H-ID212

8 pts

12 to 24 VAC/DC

C200H-IM211

16 pts

24 VAC/DC

C200H-IM212

8 pts

12 to 24 VDC

C200HS-INT01

8 pts

2 A, 250 VAC/24 VDC (For resistive loads)

C200H-OC221

12 pts

2 A, 250 VAC/24 VDC (For resistive loads)

C200H-OC222

16 pts

2 A, 250 VAC/24 VAC (For resistive loads)

C200H-OC2252, 3

5 pts

2 A, 250 VAC/24 VDC (For resistive loads)
Independent commons

C200H-OC223

8 pts

2 A, 250 VAC/24 VDC (For resistive loads)
Independent commons

C200H-OC224

12 pts

2 A, 250 VAC/24 VDC (For resistive loads)

C200H-OC222V

16 pts

2 A, 250 VAC/24 VDC (For resistive loads)

C200H-OC226

8 pts

2 A, 250 VAC/24 VDC (For resistive loads)
Independent commons

C200H-OC224V

8 pts

1 A, 120 VAC

C200H-OA121-E

8 pts

1.2 A, 120 VAC

C200H-OA122-E

8 pts

1 A, 200 VAC

C200H-OA221

12 pts

0.3 A, 250 VAC

C200H-OA222V

12 pts

0.5 A, 250 VAC

C200H-OA224

8 pts
12 pts
16 pts

1 A, 12 to 48 VDC
0.3 A, 24 VDC
0.3 A, 24 VDC

C200H-OD411
C200H-OD211
C200H-OD2122

8 pts

2.1 A, 24 VDC

C200H-OD213

8 pts

0.8 A, 24 VDC; source type (PNP); with load
short protection

C200H-OD214

8 pts

5 to 24 VDC; source type (PNP)

C200H-OD216

12 pts

5 to 24 VDC; source type (PNP)

C200H-OD217

16 pts

1.0 A, 24 VDC; source type (PNP); with load
short protection

C200H-OD21A

4 timers

0.1 to 1 s/1 to 10 s/10 to 60 s/1 min to 10 min
(switchable)

C200H-TM001

Connector w/lead wire (2 m) for 1 external resistor
16 input pts
16 output pts

Connects to B7A Link Terminals.

C4K-CN223
C200H-B7AI1
C200H-B7AO1

Note 1. If the Interrupt Input Unit is mounted on an Expansion I/O Rack, the interrupt function cannot be used and the Interrupt Input Unit will be treated as an ordinary 8-point Input Unit. Moreover, Interrupt Input Units cannot be used on
Slave Racks. In addition, Interrupt Input Units require that a version 2 (i.e., model numbers with a “-V2” suffix) Backplane be used at the CPU Rack. If an earlier version Backplane is mounted, the interrupt function cannot be used.
2. Transistor Output Unit C200H-OD212 and Contact Output Unit C200H-OC225 must be mounted to either a C200HBC031-V1/V2, C200H-BC051-V1/V2, C200H-BC081-V1/V2, or C200H-BC101-V1/V2 Backplane.
3. The C200H-OC225 might overheat if more than 8 outputs are turned ON simultaneously.

434

Appendix A

Standard Models

C200H Group-2 High-density I/O Units
Name
DC Input Unit

Transistor Output Unit

Specifications
32 pts.

24 VDC

64 pts.

24 VDC

32 pts.

16 mA 4.5 VDC to 100 mA 26.4 VDC
0.5 A (5A/Unit) 24 VDC
16 mA 4.5 VDC to 100 mA 26.4 VDC

64 pts.

Model number
C200H-ID216
C200H-ID218
C200H-ID217
C200H-ID219
C200H-OD218
C200H-OD21B
C200H-OD219

C200H Group-2 B7A Interface Units
Name
Group-2 B7A Interface Units

Specifications
Connects to B7A Link
T
Terminals.
i l

32 input pts
32 output pts
16 input pts and 16 output points
32 input pts and 32 output points

Model number
C200H-B7A12
C200H-B7A02
C200H-B7A21
C200H-B7A22

C200H Special I/O Units
All of the following are classified as Special I/O Units except for the ASCII Unit, which is an Intelligent I/O Unit.
Name
High-deng
sity
i I/O
Units

DC Input Unit
Transistor
Output Unit

DC Input/
Transistor
Output Unit

Specifications

Model number

32 pts
32 pts
32 pts

5 VDC (TTL inputs); with high-speed input function
C200H-ID501
24 VDC; with high-speed inputs
C200H-ID215
0.1 A, 24 VDC (usable as 128-point dynamic output unit) C200H-OD215

32 pts

35 mA, 5 VDC (TTL outputs) (usable as 128-point dy- C200H-OD501
namic output unit)

16 input/
12-VDC inputs; with high-speed input function
C200H-MD115
16 output pts 0.1 A , 12-VDC outputs (usable as 128-point dynamic input unit)
16 input/
24-VDC inputs; with high-speed input function
C200H-MD215
16 output pts 0.1 A , 24-VDC outputs (usable as 128-point dynamic input unit)

Analog
g I/O
U i
Units

Analog
g Input
U i
Unit
Analog
Output Unit

Temperature Sensor Unit

Temperature Control Unit

16 input/
5 VDC (TTL inputs); with high speed input function 35
16 output pts mA, 5 VDC Output (TTL outputs) (usable as 128-point
dynamic input unit)
4 to 20 mA, 1 to 5/0 to 10 V (switchable); 4 inputs
4 to 20 mA, 1 to 5/0 to 10/–10 to 10 V (switchable); 8 inputs
4 to 20 mA, 1 to 5/0 to 10 V (switchable); 2 outputs

C200H-MD501

C200H-AD001
C200H-AD002
C200H-DA001

Thermocouple (K(CA) or J(IC)) (switchable); 4 inputs
C200H-TS001
Thermocouple (K(CA) or L(Fe-CuNi)) (switchable); 4 inputs
C200H-TS002
Platinum resistance thermometer (JPt) (switchable), DIN standards; C200H-TS101
4 inputs
Platinum resistance thermometer (Pt) (switchable); 4 inputs
Thermocou- Transistor output
ple
l
Voltage output
Current output
Pt resisTransistor output
tance therVoltage output
mometer
Current output

C200H-TS102
C200H-TC001
C200H-TC002
C200H-TC003
C200H-TC101
C200H-TC102
C200H-TC103

435

Appendix A

Standard Models
Name
Heat/Cool Temperature
Control Unit

Thermocouple

Pt resistance thermometer
PID Control Unit

Position Control Unit

Specifications
Transistor output

Model number
C200H-TV001

Voltage output
Current output
Transistor output

C200H-TV002
C200H-TV003
C200H-TV101

Voltage output

C200H-TV102

Current output
Transistor output
Voltage output
Current output
1 axis
Pulse output; speeds: 1 to 99,990 pps
1 axis
Directly connectable to servomotor driver; compatible
with line driver; speeds: 1 to 250,000 pps

C200H-TV103
C200H-PID01
C200H-PID02
C200H-PID03
C200H-NC111
C200H-NC112

Cam Positioner Unit

2 axis
1 to 250000. pps. 53 pts per axis
C200H-NC211
Detects angles of rotation by means of a resolver and provides ON and C200H-CP114
OFF outputs at specified angles. A maximum of 48 cam outputs (16 external outputs and 32 internal outputs) maximum are available.

High-speed Counter Unit

1 axis

Pulse input; counting speed: 50 kcps;
5 VDC/12 VDC/24 VDC

C200H-CT001-V1

1 axis

Pulse input; counting speed: 75 kcps;
RS-422 line driver

C200H-CT002

ASCII Unit
I/D Sensor Unit

EEPROM
Local application, electromagnetic coupling
Remote application, microwave transmissions
Read/Write
Electromagnetic type
H d
Head
Microwave type
Data Carrier SRAM type for V600-H series.
(
(see
note))
EEPROM type for V600-H series.
60 messages max.; message length: 32, 48, or 64 s (switchable)
Connecting
RS-232C
Cable

Voice Unit

Fuzzy Logic Unit
Fuzzy
Support
Software

C200H-ASC02
C200H-IDS01-V1
C200H-IDS21
V600-H series
V620-H series
V600-DjjRjj
V600-DjjPjj
C200H-OV001
C200H-CN224

Up to 8 inputs and 4 outputs. (I/O to and from specified data area words) C200H-FZ001
C500-SU981-E
Available on either 3.5” or 5.25” floppy disks.

Note For Read/Write Head and Data Carrier combinations, refer to the V600 FA ID System R/W Heads and EEPROM Data Carriers Operation Manual and Supplement or V600 FA ID System R/W Heads and SRAM
Data Carriers Operation Manual and Supplement.

C200H Link Units
Name
Host Link Unit

Specifications
Rack-mounting

C200H only

Model number
APF/PCF

C200H-LK101-PV1

RS-422

C200H-LK202-V1

RS-232C

C200H-LK201-V1

PC Link Unit

Multilevel

RS-485

C200H-LK401

Remote I/O Master Unit

Up to two per PC; connectable to up to 5
Slaves per PC total

APF/PCF

C200H-RM001-PV1

Wired

C200H-RM201

436

Appendix A

Standard Models

SYSMAC LINK Unit/SYSMAC NET Link Unit
The SYSMAC LINK Units and SYSMAC NET Link Unit can only be used with the C200HS-CPU31-E and C200HSCPU33-E CPUs.
Name
SYSMAC LINK Unit

Specifications

Model number

Wired via coaxial cable.
Bus Connection Unit required separately. One
C1000H-CE001 F Adapter included.

C200HS-SLK22

C200HS-SLK12

Terminator

Wired via optical fiber cable.
Bus Connection Unit required separately. An Optical Fiber
Cable Bracket must be used to support an optical cable connected to the SYSMAC LINK Unit.
One required for each node at ends of System

Attachment Stirrup

Provided with SYSMAC LINK Unit

C200H-TL001

F Adapter

---

C1000H-CE001

F Adapter Cover
Communications
C bl
Cable

---

C1000H-COV01

Coaxial cables

Manufactured by Hitachi
Manufactured by Fujigura
Supplies backup power to either one or two SYSMAC LINK
Units. One C200H-CN111 Power Connecting Cable included.

ECXF5C-2V
5C-2V
C200H-APS03

Bus Connection Unit required separately. An Optical Fiber
Cable Bracket must be used to support an optical cable connected to the SYSMAC NET Link Unit.
Required
q
when supplying
y g power from Central
For 1 Unit
P
Power
S
Supply
l
For 2 Units

C200HS-SNT32

Auxiliary Power Supply Unit
SYSMAC NET Link Unit

Power Supply
y Adapter
Power Cable
Bus Connection Unit

Connects Power Supply
y Adapter and SYSLi k Unit
U i
MAC NET Link
Connects SYSMAC LINK Unit or SYSMAC
NET Li
Link
kU
Unit
i to C200HS
C200HS-CPU31-E/CPU33-E
CPU31 E/CPU33 E

For 1 Unit
For 2 Units
For 1 Unit
For 2 Units

C1000H-TER01

C200H-APS01
C200H-APS02
C200H-CN111
C200H-CN211
C200H-CE001
C200H-CE002

Optional Products
Name

Specifications

Model number

I/O Unit Cover

Cover for 10-pin terminal block

C200H-COV11

Terminal Block Cover

Short protection for 10-pin terminal block

C200H-COV02

Short protection for 19-pin terminal block

C200H-COV03

Connector Cover

Protective cover for unused I/O Connecting Cable connectors

C500-COV02

Space Unit

Used for vacant slots

C200H-SP001

Battery Set

For C200H RAM Memory Unit only

C200H-BAT09

Relay

24 VDC

G6B-1174P-FD-US DC24

Backplane Insulation Plate

For 10-slot Backplane

C200H-ATTA1

For 8-slot Backplane

C200H-ATT81

For 5-slot Backplane

C200H-ATT51

For 3-slot Backplane

C200H-ATT31

For 10-slot Backplane

C200H-ATTA3

For 8-slot Backplane

C200H-ATT83

For 5-slot Backplane

C200H-ATT53

For 3-slot Backplane

C200H-ATT33

I/O Bracket

Note 1. When ordering, specify the model name (any component of which is not sold separately).
2. Order the press-fit tool from the manufacturer.

437

Appendix A

Standard Models

Mounting Rails and Accessories
Name

Specifications

Model number

DIN Track Mounting Bracket

1 set (2 included)

C200H-DIN01

DIN Track

Length: 50 cm; height: 7.3 mm

PFP-50N

Length: 1 m; height: 7.3 mm

PFP-100N

Length: 1 m; height: 16 mm

PFP-100N2

End Plate

---

PFP-M

Spacer

---

PFP-S

Link Adapters
Name

Specifications

Link Adapter

Model number

3 RS-422 connectors

3G2A9-AL001

3 optical connectors (APF/PCF)

3G2A9-AL002-PE

3 optical connectors (PCF)

3G2A9-AL002-E

1 connector each for APF/PCF, RS-422, and RS-232C

3G2A9-AL004-PE

1 connector each for PCF, RS-422, and RS-232C

3G2A9-AL004-E

1 connector each for APF/PCF and APF

3G2A9-AL005-PE

1 connector each for PCF and AGF

3G2A9-AL005-E

1 connector for APF/PCF; 2 for AGF

3G2A9-AL006-PE

1 connector for PCF; 2 for AGF

3G2A9-AL006-E

O/E converter; 1 connector for RS-485, 1 connector each for APF/PCF

B500-AL007-PE

Used for on-line removal of SYSMAC NET Link Units from the SYSMAC
NET Link System, SYSMAC NET Optical Link Adapter 3 connectors for
APF/PCF.

B700-AL001

SYSMAC BUS/SYSMAC WAY Optical Fiber Products
Plastic Clad Optical Fiber Cable/All Plastic Optical Fiber Cable
Name
Plastic Clad Optical Fiber Cable
(indoor)

Specifications
0.1 m, w/connectors
1 m, w/connectors

Model number
Ambient temp:
–10°
10° to 70°C

3G5A2-OF011
3G5A2-OF101

2 m, w/connectors

3G5A2-OF201

3 m, w/connectors

3G5A2-OF301

5 m, w/connectors

3G5A2-OF501

10 m, w/connectors

3G5A2-OF111

20 m, w/connectors

3G5A2-OF211

30 m, w/connectors

3G5A2-OF311

40 m, w/connectors

3G5A2-OF411

50 m, w/connectors

3G5A2-OF511

Cable only; order desired length between 1
and 200 m in increments of 1 m.

B500-OF002

All Plastic Optical Fiber Cable

Cable only; order desired length in 5 m increments between
5 and 100 m, or in increments of 200 m or 500 m.

B500-PF002

Optical Connectors A

Two optical connectors (brown) for APF (10 m max.)

3G5A2-CO001

Optical Connectors B

Two optical connectors (black) for APF (8 to 20 m)

3G5A2-CO002

438

Appendix A

Standard Models
Name

Specifications

Model number

All Plastic Optical Fiber Cable Set 1-m cable with an Optical Connector A connected to each
end

3G5A2-PF101

Optical Fiber Processing Kit

3G2A9-TL101

Accessory: 125-mm nipper (Muromoto Tekko’s 550M) for
APF

H-PCF
Name
Optical Fiber Cable
SYSMAC BUS
BUS, SYSMAC WAY

Specifications
10 m, black

Two-core cable

S3200-HCCB101

50 m, black

S3200-HCCB501

100 m, black

S3200-HCCB102

500 m, black

S3200-HCCB502

1000 m, black

S3200-HCCB103

10 m, orange

S3200-HCCO101

50 m, orange

S3200-HCCO501

100 m, orange

S3200-HCCO102

500 m, orange

S3200-HCCO502

1000 m, orange

S3200-HCCO103

10 m, black

Optical Fiber Cable Connector

Model number

Two-core cable

S3200-HBCB101

50 m, black

S3200-HBCB501

100 m, black

S3200-HBCB102

500 m, black

S3200-HBCB502

1000 m, black

S3200-HBCB103

SYSMAC BUS:
C200H-RM001-PV1
C200H-RT001/RT002-P
C500-RM001-(P)V1
C500-RT001/RT002-(P)V1
B500-jjj(-P)

Half-lock connector S3200-COCH82
for Remote I/O Master, Remote I/O
Slave, Host Link
Unit, and Link
Adapter

Note 1. Optical fiber cables must be prepared and connected by specialists.
2. If the user prepares and connects optical fiber cables, the user must take a seminar held under the auspices of Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. and obtain a proper certificate.
3. The Optical Power Tester, Head Unit, Master Fiber Set, and Optical Fiber Assembling Tool are required
to connect optical fiber cables.
Optical Fiber Assembling Tool
Name
Optical Fiber Assembling Tool

Specifications
Used to connect H-PCF and crimp-cut connectors for optical transmission systems such as the SYSMAC C- and
CV-series SYSMAC BUS, SYSMAC LINK and SYSMAC
NET.

Model number
S3200-CAK1062

Note 1. Optical fiber cables must be prepared and connected by specialists.
2. The Optical Power Tester, Head Unit, Master Fiber set, and Optical Fiber Assembling Tool are required
to connect optical fiber cables.

439

Appendix A

Standard Models
Optical Power Tester
Name

Specifications

Optical Power Tester (see note)
(provided with a connector adapter,
light source unit, small single-head
plug, hard case, and AC adapter)

Head Unit

SYSMAC BUS:
C200H-RM001-PV1
C200H-RT001/RT002-P
C500-RM001-(P)V1
C500-RT001/RT002-(P)V1

S3200-CAT2822
(provided with the
Tester)

Model number
S3200-CAT2820

Note: There is no difference between the light source unit and connector adapter for the Head Unit and those for
the Optical Power Tester.
Head Unit
Name

Specifications

Head Unit (a set consisting of light
source unit and connector adapter)
(see note)

Model number

SYSMAC BUS:
C200H-RM001-PV1
C200H-RT001/RT002-P

S3200-CAT2822

SYSMAC NET:
S3200-LSU03-V1/LSU03-01E
C500-SNT31-V4
3G8FX-TM111
3G8SX-TM111

S3200-CAT3202

Note: Use a proper Head Unit model for the optical module to be used. If two types of optical modules (unit type
and board type) are used, order an Optical Power Tester plus a proper Head Unit model.
Master Fiber Set
Name
Master Fiber Set (1 m)

Specifications

Model number

S3200-CAT3202 (SYSMAC NET, NSB, NSU, Bridge)

S3200-CAT3201

S3200-CAT2002/CAT2702 (SYSMAC NET, SYSMAC
LINK)

S3200-CAT2001H

S3200-CAT2822 (SYSMAC BUS)

S3200-CAT2821

Note 1. The Master Fiber Set is used in combination with the Optical Power Tester to check the optical levels of
optical fiber cables connected to optical fiber cable connectors.
2. Optical fiber cables must be prepared and connected by specialists.
3. The Optical Power Tester, Head Unit, Master Fiber set, and Optical Fiber Assembling Tool are required
to connect optical fiber cables.

SYSMAC LINK/SYSMAC NET Link Optical Fiber Products
Optical Fiber Cables for SYSMAC LINK and SYSMAC NET Link Systems
Use hard-plastic-clad quartz optical fiber (H-PCF) cables for SYSMAC LINK and SYSMAC NET Link Systems.
H-PCF cables are available with connectors already attached, or cables and connectors can be purchased separately and assembled by the user. Refer to the System Manual for the SYSMAC LINK or SYSMAC NET Link Systems for assembly procedures. Models numbers for H-PCF cables with connecters attached are provided in the
following illustration.
Model Numbers for H-PCF Cables with Connectors

S3200-CNjjj-jj-jj

Cable length
201:
501:
102:
152:
202:
Blank:

440

2m
5m
10 m
15 m
20 m
Over 20 m
(Specify.)

Connectors
20-25:

Full-lock connector on
one end, half-lock connector on other end.

25-25:

Half-lock connectors
on both ends.

Appendix A

Standard Models

An Optical Fiber Cable Bracket must be used to support an optical fiber cable connected to the C200HS-SNT32
SYSMAC NET Link Unit or C200HS-SLK12 SYSMAC LINK Unit.
User optical fiber cables with both tension members and power supply lines.
The following half-lock connector is used and connects to the C200HS SYSMAC LINK and SYSMAC NET Link
Units: S3200-COCF2511.
The following full-lock connector is used and connects to the CV500 SYSMAC LINK and SYSMAC NET Link Units
and the C1000H SYSMAC LINK Unit: S3200-COCF2011. This full-lock connector cannot be connected to the
C200HS SYSMAC LINK and SYSMAC NET Link Units.
The above connectors cannot be used for the C500 SYSMAC NET Link Unit, cable relays, and the SYSMAC NET
Link Network Service Board. Refer to the SYSMAC NET Link System Manual for further information.

Programming Devices
Name
Programming Console

Specifications

Model number

Hand-held, w/backlight; requires the C200H-CN222 or
C200H-CN422, see below

C200H-PR027-E

2-m Connecting Cable attached.

CQM1-PRO01-E

Programming Console
Mounting Bracket

Used to attach Hand-held Programming Console to a panel.

C200H-ATT01

Programming
g
g Console Connecting
ti C
Cables
bl

For Hand-held Programming Console

2m

C200H-CN222

4m

C200H-CN422

Data Setting Console

Used for data input and process value display for the
C200H-TCjjj, C200H-TVjjj, C200H-CP114, and
C200H-PID0j.

C200H-DSC01

Data Setting Console
Connecting Cables

For C200H-DSC01

2m

C200H-CN225

4m

C200H-CN425

Connecting Cable

Used to connect an IBM PC/AT or compatible to the C200HS.

3.3 m

CQM1-CIF02

Ladder Support Software (LSS)
Name

Specifications

Ladder Support Software (for
C20, CjjP, CjjK, C120,
C
H C
H C
HS C
CjjH,
C200H,
C200HS,
C500,
C1000H, C2000H, and CQM1)

Model number

5.25”, 2D for IBM PC/AT compatible

C500-SF711-EV3

3.5”, 2HD for IBM PC/AT compatible

C500-SF312-EV3

SYSMAC Support Software (SSS)
Product
SYSMAC Support Software

Description
3.5”, 2HD for IBM PC/AT compatible

Model no.
C500-ZL3AT1-E

Training Materials
Name

Specifications

Model number

SYSMAC Training System

Includes text book, cassette tape, and input switch
board.

C200H-ETL01-E

Fuzzy Training System

Includes a Fuzzy Training System Manual, a Main Unit,
a C200H-MR831 Memory Unit, a C200H-PRO27-E
Programming Console, a C200H-CN222 Cable for the
Programming Console, C500-SU381-E Fuzzy Training
Software, an RS-232C Cable, and a carrying belt.

C200H-ETL13-E

441

Appendix B
Programming Instructions
A PC instruction is input either by pressing the corresponding Programming Console key(s) (e.g., LD, AND, OR,
NOT) or by using function codes. To input an instruction with its function code, press FUN, the function code, and
then WRITE. Refer to the pages listed programming and instruction details.
Code

Mnemonic

Name

—

AND

AND

—

AND LD

AND LOAD

—

AND NOT

AND NOT

—

CNT

COUNTER

—

LD

—

Function

Page

Logically ANDs status of designated bit with execution
condition.
Logically ANDs results of preceding blocks.

129

Logically ANDs inverse of designated bit with execution
condition.
A decrementing counter.

129

LOAD

Used to start instruction line with the status of the designated bit or to define a logic block for use with AND LD
and OR LD.

129

LD NOT

LOAD NOT

Used to start instruction line with inverse of designated bit.

129

—

OR

OR

129

—

OR LD

OR LOAD

Logically ORs status of designated bit with execution condition.
Logically ORs results of preceding blocks.

—

OR NOT

OR NOT

—

OUT

OUTPUT

—

OUT NOT

OUTPUT NOT

—

RSET

RESET

Turns the operand bit OFF when the execution condition is
ON, and does not affect the status of the operand bit when
the execution condition is OFF.

133

—

SET

SET

Turns the operand bit ON when the execution condition is
ON, and does not affect the status of the operand bit when
the execution condition is OFF.

133

—

TIM

TIMER

ON-delay (decrementing) timer operation.

139

00

NOP

NO OPERATION

138

01

END

END

02

IL

INTERLOCK

03

ILC

INTERLOCK CLEAR

04
05
(@)06

JMP
JME
FAL

07

FALS

08

STEP

JUMP
JUMP END
FAILURE ALARM
AND RESET
SEVERE FAILURE
ALARM
STEP DEFINE

Nothing is executed and program moves to next instruction.
Required at the end of the program.
If interlock condition is OFF, all outputs are turned OFF
and all timer PVs reset between this IL(02) and the next
ILC(03). Other instructions are treated as NOP; counter
PVs are maintained.
If jjump condition is OFF,, all instructions between JMP(04)
( )
and
d the
th corresponding
di JME(05) are ignored.
i
d

09

SNXT

STEP START

10

SFT

11

KEEP

12

CNTR

130

145

130

Logically ORs inverse of designated bit with execution con- 129
dition.
Turns ON operand bit for ON execution condition; turns
130
OFF operand bit for OFF execution condition.
Turns operand bit OFF for ON execution condition; turns
130
operand bit ON for OFF execution condition (i.e., inverts
operation).

Generates a non-fatal error and outputs the designated
FAL number to the Programming Console.
Generates a fatal error and outputs the designated FALS
number to the Programming Console.
When used with a control bit, defines the start of a new
step and resets the previous step. When used without N,
defines the end of step execution.

138
135
135
137
137
275
275
266

266

SHIFT REGISTER

Used with a control bit to indicate the end of the step, reset
the step, and start the next step.
Creates a bit shift register.

KEEP

Defines a bit as a latch controlled by set and reset inputs.

133

REVERSIBLE
COUNTER

Increases or decreases PV by one whenever the increment input or decrement input signals, respectively, go
from OFF to ON.

148

150

443

Appendix B

Programming Instructions
Code

Mnemonic

Name

13

DIFU

DIFFERENTIATE UP

14

DIFD

15

TIMH

DIFFERENTIATE
DOWN
HIGH-SPEED TIMER

(@)16

WSFT

WORD SHIFT

17 to 19

For expansion instructions.

20

CMP

COMPARE

(@)21

MOV

MOVE

(@)22

MVN

MOVE NOT

(@)23

BIN

BCD TO BINARY

(@)24

BCD

BINARY TO BCD

(@)25

ASL

(@)26

ASR

(@)27

ROL

ARITHMETIC SHIFT
LEFT
ARITHMETIC SHIFT
RIGHT
ROTATE LEFT

(@)28

ROR

(@)29

Function

Page

Turns ON the designated bit for one cycle on the rising
edge of the input signal.
Turns ON the bit for one cycle on the trailing edge.

131

A high-speed, ON-delay (decrementing) timer.

143

Shifts data between starting and ending words in word
units, writing zeros into starting word.

157

Compares the contents of two words and outputs result to
GR, EQ, and LE Flags.
Copies source data (word or constant) to destination word.

170

Inverts source data (word or constant) and then copies it to
destination word.
Converts four-digit, BCD data in source word into 16-bit
binary data, and outputs converted data to result word.
Converts binary data in source word into BCD, and outputs
converted data to result word.
Shifts each bit in single word of data one bit to left, with CY.

159

Shifts each bit in single word of data one bit to right, with
CY.
Rotates bits in single word of data one bit to left, with CY.

154

ROTATE RIGHT

Rotates bits in single word of data one bit to right, with CY.

155

COM

COMPLEMENT

Inverts bit status of one word of data.

249

(@)30

ADD

BCD ADD

205

(@)31

SUB

BCD SUBTRACT

(@)32

MUL

BCD MULTIPLY

(@)33

DIV

BCD DIVIDE

(@)34

ANDW

LOGICAL AND

Adds two four-digit BCD values and content of CY, and
outputs result to specified result word.
Subtracts a four-digit BCD value and CY from another
four-digit BCD value and outputs result to the result word.
Multiplies two four-digit BCD values and outputs result to
specified result words.
Divides four-digit BCD dividend by four-digit BCD divisor
and outputs result to specified result words.
Logically ANDs two 16-bit input words and sets corresponding bit in result word if corresponding bits in input
words are both ON.

(@)35

ORW

LOGICAL OR

Logically ORs two 16-bit input words and sets corresponding bit in result word if one or both of corresponding bits in
input data are ON.

251

(@)36

XORW

EXCLUSIVE OR

Exclusively ORs two 16-bit input words and sets bit in result word when corresponding bits in input words differ in
status.

252

(@)37

XNRW

EXCLUSIVE NOR

Exclusively NORs two 16-bit input words and sets bit in
result word when corresponding bits in input words are
same in status.

253

(@)38

INC

BCD INCREMENT

Increments four-digit BCD word by one.

204

(@)39

DEC

BCD DECREMENT

Decrements four-digit BCD word by one.

204

(@)40

STC

SET CARRY

Sets carry flag (i.e., turns CY ON).

205

(@)41

CLC

CLEAR CARRY

Clears carry flag (i.e, turns CY OFF).

205

45

TRSM

Initiates data tracing.

277

(@)46

MSG

TRACE MEMORY
SAMPLE
MESSAGE

Displays a 16-character message on the Programming
Console display.

278

47 & 48

For expansion instructions.

(@)50

ADB

BINARY ADD

219

(@)51

SBB

BINARY SUBTRACT

Adds two four-digit hexadecimal values and content of CY,
and outputs result to specified result word.
Subtracts a four-digit hexadecimal value and CY from
another four-digit hexadecimal value and outputs result to
the result word.

444

131

159

180
181
154

155

207
211
212
250

221

Appendix B

Programming Instructions
Code

Mnemonic

Name

Function

Page

(@)52

MLB

BINARY MULTIPLY

Multiplies two four-digit hexadecimal values and outputs
result to specified result words.

224

(@)53

DVB

BINARY DIVIDE

Divides four-digit hexadecimal dividend by four-digit hexa- 224
decimal divisor and outputs result to specified result words.

(@)54

ADDL

DOUBLE BCD ADD

Adds two eight-digit values (2 words each) and content of
CY, and outputs result to specified result words.

206

(@)55

SUBL

DOUBLE BCD
SUBTRACT

Subtracts an eight-digit BCD value and CY from another
eight-digit BCD value and outputs result to the result
words.

209

(@)56

MULL

DOUBLE BCD
MULTIPLY

Multiplies two eight-digit BCD values and outputs result to
specified result words.

212

(@)57

DIVL

DOUBLE BCD
DIVIDE

Divides eight-digit BCD dividend by eight-digit BCD divisor
and outputs result to specified result words.

213

(@)58

BINL

DOUBLE BCD TO
DOUBLE BINARY

Converts BCD value in two consecutive source words into
binary and outputs converted data to two consecutive result words.

181

(@)59

BCDL

DOUBLE BINARY TO
DOUBLE BCD

Converts binary value in two consecutive source words
into BCD and outputs converted data to two consecutive
result words.

182

60 to 69

For expansion instructions.

(@)70

XFER

BLOCK TRANSFER

Moves content of several consecutive source words to
consecutive destination words.

161

(@)71

BSET

BLOCK SET

Copies content of one word or constant to several consecutive words.

160

(@)72

ROOT

SQUARE ROOT

Computes square root of eight-digit BCD value and outputs truncated four-digit integer result to specified result
word.

217

(@)73

XCHG

DATA EXCHANGE

Exchanges contents of two different words.

162

(@)74

SLD

ONE DIGIT SHIFT
LEFT

Left shifts data between starting and ending words by one
digit (four bits).

156

(@)75

SRD

ONE DIGIT SHIFT
RIGHT

Right shifts data between starting and ending words by
one digit (four bits).

156

(@)76

MLPX

8-TO-256 DECODER

Converts up to four hexadecimal digits in source word into
decimal values from 0 to 15 and turns ON, in result
word(s), bit(s) whose position corresponds to converted
value.
Can also convert up to eight hexadecimal digits and turn
ON corresponding bits in result words R to R+15.

185

(@)77

DMPX

256-TO-8 ENCODER

Determines position of highest ON bit in source word(s)
and writes the ON bit’s position (0 to F) to digit(s) in R.
Can also determine the position of the highest ON bit in
one or two groups of 16 words (S to S+15, S+16 to S+31)
and writes the ON bit’s position (00 to FF) to byte(s) in R.

188

(@)78

SDEC

7-SEGMENT
DECODER

Converts hexadecimal values from source word to data for
seven-segment display.

191

(@)79

FDIV

FLOATING POINT
DIVIDE

Divides one floating point value (Dd+1, Dd) by another
(Dr+1, Dr) and outputs the result to R+1 and R.

214

(@)80

DIST

SINGLE WORD
DISTRIBUTE

Moves one word of source data to destination word whose
address is given by destination base word plus offset.

162

(@)81

COLL

DATA COLLECT

Extracts data from source word and writes it to destination
word.

164

(@)82

MOVB

MOVE BIT

Transfers designated bit of source word or constant to des- 166
ignated bit of destination word.

(@)83

MOVD

MOVE DIGIT

Moves hexadecimal content of specified four-bit source
digit(s) to specified destination digit(s) for up to four digits.

(@)84

SFTR

REVERSIBLE SHIFT
REGISTER

Shifts data in specified word or series of words to either left 152
or right.

(@)85

TCMP

TABLE COMPARE

Compares four-digit hexadecimal value with values in table
consisting of 16 words.

167

175

445

Appendix B

Programming Instructions
Code

Mnemonic

Name

(@)86

ASC

ASCII CONVERT

87 to 89

For expansion instructions.

(@)90

SEND

(@)91

SBS

92

SBN

93

RET

(@)94

WDT

(@)97

IORF

WATCHDOG TIMER
REFRESH
I/O REFRESH

(@)98

RECV

(@)99

MCRO

Function

Page

Converts hexadecimal values from the source word to
eight-bit ASCII code starting at leftmost or rightmost half of
starting destination word.

194

NETWORK SEND

Used for communications with other PCs linked through
the SYSMAC NET Link System or SYSMAC LINK System.
(CPU31-E/33-E only)

291

SUBROUTINE
ENTRY
SUBROUTINE
DEFINE
RETURN

Calls and executes subroutine N.

257

Marks start of subroutine N.

259

Marks the end of a subroutine and returns control to main
program.
Increases the watchdog timer PV by 0 to 6300 ms.

259

Refreshes all I/O words between the start and end words.

281

NETWORK RECEIVE

Used for communications with other PCs linked through
the SYSMAC NET Link System or SYSMAC LINK System.
(CPU31-E/33-E only)

293

MACRO

Calls and executes a subroutine replacing I/O words.

260

281

Expansion Instructions
The following table shows the instructions that can be treated as expansion instructions. The default function
codes are given for instructions that have codes assigned by default.
Code

Mnemonic

Name

Function

Page

17

(@)ASFT

ASYNCHRONOUS SHIFT
REGISTER

Creates a shift register that exchanges the contents of
adjacent words when one of the words is zero and the
other is not.

157

18

(@)SCAN

CYCLE TIME

Sets the minimum cycle time (0 to 999.0 s).

276

19

(@)MCMP

MULTI-WORD COMPARE

Compares a block of 16 consecutive words to another
block of 16 consecutive words.

169

47

(@)LMSG

32-CHARACTER MESSAGE

Outputs a 32-character message to the Programming
Console.

279

48

(@)TERM

TERMINAL MODE

Switches the Programming Console to TERMINAL
mode for the normal keyboard mapping operation.

280

60

CMPL

DOUBLE COMPARE

Compares two eight-digit hexadecimal values.

172

61

(@)MPRF

GROUP-2 HIGH-DENSITY I/O REFRESH

Refreshes I/O words allocated to Group-2 High-density 282
I/O Units.

62

(@)XFRB

TRANSFER BITS

Copies the status of up to 255 specified source bits to
the specified destination bits.

168

63

(@)LINE

COLUMN TO LINE

Copies a bit column from 16 consecutive words to the
specified word.

200

64

(@)COLM

LINE TO COLUMN

Copies the 16 bits from the specified word to a bit column of 16 consecutive words.

201

65

(@)SEC

HOURS TO SECONDS

Converts hour and minute data to second data.

183

66

(@)HMS

SECONDS TO HOURS

Converts second data to hour and minute data.

184

67

(@)BCNT

BIT COUNTER

Counts the total number of bits that are ON in the specified block of words.

283

68

(@)BCMP

BLOCK COMPARE

Judges whether the value of a word is within 16 ranges 174
(defined by lower and upper limits).

69

(@)APR

ARITHMETIC PROCESS

Performs sine, cosine, or linear approximation
calculations.

239

87

TTIM

TOTALIZING TIMER

Creates a totalizing timer.

144

88

ZCP

AREA RANGE COMPARE Compares a word to a range defined by lower and
upper limits and outputs the result to the GR, EQ, and
LE flags.

176

446

Appendix B

Programming Instructions
Code

Mnemonic

Name

Function

Page

89

(@)INT

INTERRUPT CONTROL

Performs interrupt control, such as masking and unmasking the interrupt bits for I/O interrupts.

262

---

7SEG

7-SEGMENT DISPLAY
OUTPUT

Converts 4- or 8-digit BCD data to 7-segment display
format and then outputs the converted data.

301

---

(@)ADBL

DOUBLE BINARY ADD

Adds two 8-digit binary values (normal or signed data)
and outputs the result to R and R+1.

225

---

AVG

AVERAGE VALUE

Adds the specified number of hexadecimal words and
computes the mean value. Rounds off to 4 digits past
the decimal point.

235

---

CPS

SIGNED BINARY
COMPARE

Compares two 16-bit (4-digit) signed binary values and
outputs the result to the GR, EQ, and LE flags.

178

---

CPSL

DOUBLE SIGNED
BINARY COMPARE

Compares two 32-bit (8-digit) signed binary values and
outputs the result to the GR, EQ, and LE flags.

179

---

(@)DBS

SIGNED BINARY DIVIDE

Divides one 16-bit signed binary value by another and
outputs the 32-bit signed binary result to R+1 and R.

231

---

(@)DBSL

DOUBLE SIGNED
BINARY DIVIDE

Divides one 32-bit signed binary value by another and
outputs the 64-bit signed binary result to R+3 to R.

232

---

DSW

DIGITAL SWITCH INPUT

Inputs 4- or 8-digit BCD data from a digital switch.

304

---

(@)FCS

FCS CALCULATE

Checks for errors in data transmitted by a Host Link
command.

283

---

FPD

FAILURE POINT DETECT

Finds errors within an instruction block.

285

---

(@)HEX

ASCII-TO-HEXADECIMAL Converts ASCII data to hexadecimal data.

195

---

(@)MAX

FIND MAXIMUM

Finds the maximum value in specified data area and
outputs that value to another word.

233

---

(@)MBS

SIGNED BINARY
MULTIPLY

Multiplies the signed binary content of two words and
outputs the 8-digit signed binary result to R+1 and R.

229

---

(@)MBSL

DOUBLE SIGNED
BINARY MULTIPLY

Multiplies two 32-bit (8-digit) signed binary values and
outputs the 16-digit signed binary result to R+3
through R.

230

---

(@)MIN

FIND MINIMUM

Finds the minimum value in specified data area and
outputs that value to another word.

234

---

MTR

MATRIX INPUT

Inputs data from an 8 input point × 8 output point matrix and records that data in D to D+3.

313

---

(@)NEG

2’S COMPLEMENT

Converts the four-digit hexadecimal content of the
source word to its 2’s complement and outputs the
result to R.

202

---

(@)NEGL

DOUBLE 2’S
COMPLEMENT

Converts the eight-digit hexadecimal content of the
source words to its 2’s complement and outputs the
result to R and R+1.

203

---

(@)PID

PID CONTROL

PID control is performed according to the operand and
PID parameters that are preset.

242

---

(@)RXD

RECEIVE

Receives data via a communications port.

297

---

(@)SBBL

DOUBLE BINARY
SUBTRACT

Subtracts an 8-digit binary value (normal or signed
data) from another and outputs the result to R and
R+1.

227

---

(@)SCL

SCALING

Performs a scaling conversion on the calculated value.

198

---

(@)SRCH

DATA SEARCH

Searches the specified range of memory for the specified data. Outputs the word address(es) of words in
the range that contain the data.

289

---

(@)SUM

SUM CALCULATE

Computes the sum of the contents of the words in the
specified range of memory.

237

---

(@)TKY

TEN KEY INPUT

Inputs 8 digits of BCD data from a 10-key keypad.

311

---

(@)TXD

TRANSMIT

Sends data via a communications port.

299

447

Appendix B

Programming Instructions
Code

Mnemonic

Name

Function

Page

---

(@)XDMR

EXPANSION DM READ

The contents of the designated number of words of the
fixed expansion DM data are read and output to the
destination word on the PC side.

290

---

ZCPL

DOUBLE AREA RANGE
COMPARE

Compares an 8-digit value to a range defined by lower
and upper limits and outputs the result to the GR, EQ,
and LE flags.

177

448

Appendix C
Error and Arithmetic Flag Operation
The following table shows the instructions that affect the ER, CY, GR, LE and EQ flags. In general, ER indicates
that operand data is not within requirements. CY indicates arithmetic or data shift results. GT indicates that a compared value is larger than some standard, LT that it is smaller, and EQ, that it is the same. EQ also indicates a result
of zero for arithmetic operations. Refer to Section 5 Instruction Set for details.
Vertical arrows in the table indicate the flags that are turned ON and OFF according to the result of the instruction.
Although ladder diagram instructions,TIM, and CNT are executed when ER is ON, other instructions with a vertical
arrow under the ER column are not executed if ER is ON. All of the other flags in the following table will also not
operate when ER is ON.
Instructions not shown do not affect any of the flags in the table. Although only the non-differentiated form of each
instruction is shown, differentiated instructions affect flags in exactly the same way.
The ER, CY, GR, LE and EQ Flags are turned OFF when END(01) is executed, so their status cannot be monitored
with a Programming Console.
Instructions

25503 (ER)

TIM

25504 (CY)

25505 (GR)

25506 (EQ)

25507 (LE)

Unaffected

Unaffected

Unaffected

Unaffected

Page
139
145

CNT
END(01)1

OFF

OFF

OFF

OFF

OFF

138

STEP(08)

Unaffected

Unaffected

Unaffected

Unaffected

Unaffected

266

SNXT(09)

266

CNTR(12)

Unaffected

Unaffected

Unaffected

Unaffected

TIMH(15)

148
143

WSFT(16)

157

CMP(20)

Unaffected

MOV(21)

Unaffected

170
Unaffected

Unaffected

159

MVN(22)

159

BIN(23)

180

BCD(24)

181

ASL(25)

Unaffected

Unaffected

154

ASR(26)

154

ROL(27)

155

ROR(28)

155

COM(29)

Unaffected

ADD(30)

Unaffected

Unaffected

249

Unaffected

Unaffected

205

Unaffected

Unaffected

SUB(31)

207

MUL(32)

Unaffected

211

DIV(33)

212

ANDW(34)

250

ORW(35)

251

XORW(36)

252

XNRW(37)

253

INC(38)

204

DEC(39)

204

STC(40)

Unaffected

ON

Unaffected

Unaffected

Unaffected

205

CLC(41)

Unaffected

OFF

Unaffected

Unaffected

Unaffected

205

Unaffected

Unaffected

Unaffected

Unaffected

278

Unaffected

219

MSG(46)
ADB(50)1
SBB(51)1

Unaffected

221

449

Appendix C

Error and Arithmetic Flag Operation
Instructions
MLB(52)

25503 (ER)

25504 (CY)

Unaffected

DVB(53)

25505 (GR)
Unaffected

Unaffected

ADDL(54)

25506 (EQ)

25507 (LE)

Page
224

Unaffected

Unaffected

Unaffected

224

Unaffected

Unaffected

206

Unaffected

Unaffected

SUBL(55)

209

MULL(56)

Unaffected

212

DIVL(57)

213

BINL(58)

181

BCDL(59)

182

XFER(70)

Unaffected

Unaffected

ROOT(72)

Unaffected

Unaffected

XCHG(73)

Unaffected

Unaffected

Unaffected

Unaffected

BSET(71)

161
160

Unaffected

Unaffected

217

Unaffected

162

SLD(74)

156

SRD(75)

156

MLPX(76)

185

DMPX(77)

188

SDEC(78)

191

FDIV(79)

Unaffected

Unaffected

Unaffected

214

DIST(80)

162

COLL(81)

164

MOVB(82)

Unaffected

Unaffected

Unaffected

Unaffected

MOVD(83)

166
167

SFTR(84)

Unaffected

TCMP(85)

Unaffected

Unaffected

ASC(86)

Unaffected

Unaffected

Unaffected
Unaffected

Unaffected

152

Unaffected

175

Unaffected

194

SEND(90)

291

SBS(91)

257

RECV(98)

293

MCRO(99)

260

Note END(01), ADB(50), and SBB(51) also affect the signed binary arithmetic flags. Refer to page 451 for details.

Expansion Instructions
Instructions
7SEG(––)2

25503 (ER)

25504 (CY)
Unaffected

ADBL(––)2

25505 (GR)

25506 (EQ)

25507 (LE)

Page

Unaffected

Unaffected

Unaffected

301

Unaffected

Unaffected

Unaffected

225

Unaffected

239

Unaffected

157

APR(69)

Unaffected

Unaffected

ASFT(17)

Unaffected

Unaffected

Unaffected

235

AVG(––)
BCMP(68)

Unaffected

Unaffected

Unaffected

174

BCNT(67)

Unaffected

Unaffected

Unaffected

Unaffected

283

CMPL(60)

Unaffected

COLM(64)

Unaffected

Unaffected

Unaffected

CPS(––)

Unaffected

172
178

CPSL(––)
DBS(––)

179
Unaffected

Unaffected

Unaffected

DBSL(––)
DSW(––)3
FCS(––)

450

201

231
232

Unaffected

Unaffected

Unaffected

Unaffected

304
283

Appendix C

Error and Arithmetic Flag Operation
Instructions

25503 (ER)

25504 (CY)

FPD(––)

25505 (GR)

25506 (EQ)

25507 (LE)

Page

Unaffected

Unaffected

Unaffected

285

HEX(––)

Unaffected

Unaffected

Unaffected

Unaffected

195

HMS(66)

Unaffected

Unaffected

Unaffected

184

INT(89)

Unaffected

Unaffected

Unaffected

262

LINE(63)

Unaffected

Unaffected

Unaffected

200

LMSG(47)

Unaffected

Unaffected

Unaffected

279

MAX(––)

Unaffected

Unaffected

Unaffected

233

Unaffected
Unaffected

MBS(––)

229

MBSL(––)

230

MCMP(19)

169

MIN(––)

234

MTR(––)4

Unaffected

Unaffected

NEG(––)2

Unaffected

Unaffected

Unaffected

Unaffected

313

Unaffected

202

NEGL(––)2

203

PID(––)

242

RXD(––)

Unaffected

SBBL(––)2

Unaffected

Unaffected

Unaffected

297

Unaffected

Unaffected

Unaffected

227

Unaffected

Unaffected

276

Unaffected

198

SCAN(18)

Unaffected

Unaffected

SCL(––)

Unaffected

Unaffected

SEC(65)

183

SRCH(––)

289

SUM(––)
TKY(––)

237
Unaffected

Unaffected

Unaffected

Unaffected

311

TTIM(87)

144

TXD(––)

299

XFRB(62)

168

XDMR(––)
ZCP(88)

290
Unaffected

ZCPL(––)

176
177

Note 1. SR 25409 will be ON when 7SEG(––) is being executed.
2. ADBL(––), NEG(––), NEGL(––), and SBBL(––) also affect the signed binary arithmetic flags. Refer to
page 451 for details.
3. SR 25410 will be ON when DSW(––) is being executed.
4. SR 25408 will be ON when MTR(––) is being executed.

Signed Binary Arithmetic Flags
The following table shows the instructions that affect the OF and UF flags. In general, OF indicates that the result of
a 16-bit calculation is greater than 32,767 (7FFF) or the result of a 32-bit calculation is greater than 2,147,483,647
(7FFF FFFF). UF indicates that the result of a 16-bit calculation is less than –32,768 (8000) or the result of a 32-bit
calculation is less than –2,147,483,648 (8000 0000). Refer to Section 5 Instruction Set for details.
Vertical arrows in the table indicate the flags that are turned ON and OFF according to the result of the instruction.
Instructions not shown do not affect any of the flags in the table.
The OF and UF Flags are turned OFF when END(01) is executed, so their status cannot be monitored with a Programming Console.

451

Appendix C

Error and Arithmetic Flag Operation
Instructions
END(01)

SR 25404 (OF )
OFF

SR 25405 (UF)
OFF

Page
138

ADB(50)

219

SBB(51)

221

ADBL(––)

225

SBBL(––)
NEG(––)
NEGL(––)

227
Unaffected

202
203

These instructions also affect the ER, CY, and EQ Flags. Refer to the previous tables in this appendix for details.

452

Appendix D
Memory Areas
Overview
The following table shows the data areas in PC memory.
Area

Size

Range

Comments

I/O Area

480 bits

IR 000 to IR 029

Group-2 High-density
I/O Unit Area

320 bits

IR 030 to IR 049

Can be used as ordinary I/O or, if not used for
real I/O, can be used as work bits.

SYSMAC BUS Area

800 bits

IR 050 to IR 099

Can be used as work bits if not used for real I/O.

Special I/O Unit Area

1,600 bits

IR 100 to IR 199

”

Optical I/O Unit Area

512 bits

IR 200 to IR 231

”

Work Area 1

64 bits

IR 232 to IR 235

Special Relay Area 1

320 bits

SR 236 to SR 255

Special Relay Area 2
Macro Area

704 bits

SR 256 to SR 299

Work Area 2

64 bits
64 bits
3,424 bits

SR 290 to SR 293
SR 294 to SR 297
IR 298 to IR 511

Temporary Relay Area

8 bits

TR 00 to TR 07

Holding Relay Area

1,600 bits

HR 00 to HR 99

Auxiliary Relay Area

448 buts

AR 00 to AR 27

Link Relay Area

1,024 bits

LR 00 to LR 63

Timer/Counter Area

512 counters/
timers

TC 000 to TC 511

TIM 000 through TIM 015 can be refreshed via
interrupt processing as high-speed timers.

Data Memory
y Area

Expansion DM Area

6,144 words
1,000 words
31 words
(44 words)
512 words
456 words
56 words
3,000 words max.

DM 0000 to DM 6143
DM 0000 to DM 1999
DM 6000 to DM 6030
DM 6100 to DM 6143
DM 6144 to DM 6655
DM 6144 to DM 6599
DM 6600 to DM 6655
DM 7000 to DM 9999

Read/Write
Special I/O Unit Area (see note)
History Log
Link test area (reserved)
Fixed DM Area (read only)
(SYSMAC NET Area)
PC Setup
Read only

I/O Comment Area

All UM Area max.

---

Stores I/O comments in the user program. Must
be set using LSS.

Ladder Program Area

All UM Area max.

---

Stores the user program executed by the CPU.
The program is retained even after the power
supply is turned off.

Inputs
Outputs

Note The PC Setup can be set to use DM 7000 through DM 7999 as the Special I/O Area.

453

Appendix D

Memory Areas

SR Area
Word(s)
236

Bit(s)
00 to 07
08 to 15
00 to 07

Function
Node loop status output area for operating level 0 of SYSMAC NET Link System
Node loop status output area for operating level 1 of SYSMAC NET Link System
Completion code output area for operating level 0 following execution of
SEND(90)/RECV(98) SYSMAC LINK/SYSMAC NET Link System

08 to 15

Completion code output area for operating level 1 following execution of
SEND(90)/RECV(98) SYSMAC LINK/SYSMAC NET Link System

238 and 241

00 to 15

Data link status output area for operating level 0 of SYSMAC LINK or SYSMAC NET Link
System

242 and 245

00 to 15

Data link status output area for operating level 1 of SYSMAC LINK or SYSMAC NET Link
System

246
247 and 248

00 to 15
00 to 07
08 to 15
00 to 07
08 to 15
00
01 and 02
03
04 to 06
07
08 to 15

Reserved by system
PC Link Unit Run Flags for Units 16 through 31 or data link status for operating level 1
PC Link Unit Error Flags for Units 16 through 31 or data link status for operating level 1
PC Link Unit Run Flags for Units 00 through 15 or data link status for operating level 0
PC Link Unit Error Flags for Units 00 through 15 or data link status for operating level 0
Remote I/O Error Read Bit
Not used
Remote I/O Error Flag
Unit number of Remote I/O Unit or Optical I/O Unit with error
Not used
Word allocated to Remote I/O Unit or Optical I/O Unit with error

00

SEND(90)/RECV(98) Error Flag for operating level 0 of SYSMAC LINK or SYSMAC NET
Link System

01

SEND(90)/RECV(98) Enable Flag for operating level 0 of SYSMAC LINK or SYSMAC NET
Link System

02
03

Operating Level 0 Data Link Operating Flag
SEND(90)/RECV(98) Error Flag for operating level 1 of SYSMAC LINK or SYSMAC NET
Link System

04

SEND(90)/RECV(98) Enable Flag for operating level 1 of SYSMAC LINK or SYSMAC NET
Link System

05
06
07
08
09
10
11
12
13
14
15

Operating Level 1 Data Link Operating Flag
Rack-mounting Host Link Unit Level 1 Communications Error Flag
Rack-mounting Host Link Unit Level 1 Restart Bit
Peripheral Port Restart Bit
RS-232C Port Restart Bit
PC Setup Clear Bit
Forced Status Hold Bit
Data Retention Control Bit
Rack-mounting Host Link Unit Level 0 Restart Bit
Not used.
Output OFF Bit

00 to 07
08
09
10
11
12
13
14
15

FAL number output area (see error information provided elsewhere)
Low Battery Flag
Cycle Time Error Flag
I/O Verification Error Flag
Rack-mounting Host Link Unit Level 0 Communications Error Flag
Remote I/O Error Flag
Always ON Flag
Always OFF Flag
First Cycle Flag

237

249 and 250
251
Writeable

252

253

454

Appendix D

Memory Areas
Word(s)
254

255

256 to 261
262
263

Bit(s)
00
01
02 and 03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
11
12
13
14
15
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08 to 15
00 to 15
00 to 15
00 to 15

Function
1-minute clock pulse bit
0.02-second clock pulse bit
Reserved for function expansion. Do not use.
Overflow Flag (for signed binary calculations)
Underflow Flag (for signed binary calculations)
Differential Monitor End Flag
Step Flag
MTR Execution Flag
7SEG Execution Flag
DSW Execution Flag
Interrupt Input Unit Error Flag
Reserved by system
Interrupt Programming Error Flag
Group-2 High-density I/O Unit Error Flag
Special Unit Error Flag (Special I/O, PC Link, Host Link, Remote I/O Master)
0.1-second clock pulse bit
0.2-second clock pulse bit
1.0-second clock pulse bit
Instruction Execution Error (ER) Flag
Carry (CY) Flag
Greater Than (GR) Flag
Equals (EQ) Flag
Less Than (LE) Flag
Reserved by system (used for TR bits)
Reserved by system
Longest interrupt subroutine (action) execution time (0.1 ms)
Number of interrupt subroutine (action) with longest execution time.
(8000 to 8512) 8000 to 8007, 8099

264

00 to 03

04
05
06
07
08 to 11

Bit 15: Interrupt Flag
RS-232C Port Error Code
0: No error

1: Parity error

2: Framing error

3: Overrun error

RS-232C Port Communications Error
RS-232C Port Send Ready Flag
RS-232C Port Reception Completed Flag
RS-232C Port Reception Overflow Flag
Peripheral Port Error Code in General I/O Mode
0: No error
1: Parity error
2: Framing error

3: Overrun error

F: When in Peripheral Bus Mode

265
266

12
13
14
15
00 to 15
00 to 15

Peripheral Port Communications Error in General I/O Mode
Peripheral Port Send Ready Flag in General I/O Mode
Peripheral Port Reception Completed Flag in General I/O Mode
Peripheral Port Reception Overflow Flag in General I/O Mode
RS-232C Port Reception Counter in General I/O Mode
Peripheral Reception Counter in General I/O Mode (BCD)

455

Appendix D

Memory Areas
Word(s)
267

268
269

270

Bit(s)
00 to 04
05
06 to 12
13
14 and 15
00 to 15
00 to 07
08 to 10

Function
Reserved by system (not accessible by user)
Host Link Level 0 Send Ready Flag
Reserved by system (not accessible by user)
Host Link Level 1 Send Ready Flag
Reserved by system (not accessible by user)
Reserved by system (not accessible by user)
Memory Cassette Contents 00: Nothing; 01: UM; 02: IOM (03: HIS)
Memory Cassette Capacity
0: 0 KW (no cassette); 3: 16 KW

11 to 13
14
15
00

Reserved by system (not accessible by user)
EEPROM Memory Cassette Protected or EPROM Memory Cassette Mounted Flag
Memory Cassette Flag
Save UM to Cassette Bit
Data transferred to Memory
y Cassette when Bit is turned
ON
i
in
PROGRAM
mode.
d
Bit
will
ill automatically
t
ti ll tturn OFF
OFF.
Load UM from Cassette Bit
An error will be produced if turned ON in any other
Compare UM to Cassette Bit
mode.
Comparison Results
0: Contents identical; 1: Contents differ or comparison not possible

01
02
03
04 to 10
11

12

271

Reserved by system (not accessible by user)
Transfer Error Flag:
Data will not be transferred from UM to the Memory
Transferring SYSMAC NET
Cassette if an error occurs (except for Board Checksum
data link table on UM during
Error). Detailed information on checksum errors
active data link.
occu
g in the
e Memory
e o y Cassette
Casse e will not
o be output
ou u to
o
occurring
SR 272 because
b
the
h information
i f
i is
i not needed.
d d Repeat
R
Transfer Error Flag: Not
the transmission if SR 27015 is ON.
PROGRAM mode

13
14

Transfer Error Flag: Read Only
Transfer Error Flag: Insufficient
Capacity or No UM

15

Transfer Error Flag: Board
Checksum Error

00 to 07

Ladder program size stored in Memory Cassette
Ladder-only File: 04: 4 KW; 08: 8 KW; 12: 12 KW; ... (64: 64 KW)
00: No ladder program or no file
Data updated at data transfer from CPU at startup. The file must begin in segment 0.

272

456

08 to 15

Ladder program size and type in CPU (Specifications are the same as for bits 00 to 07.)

00 to 10
11
12
13
14
15

Data updated when indexes generated. Default value (after clearing memory) is 16.
Reserved by system (not accessible by user)
Memory Error Flag: PC Setup Checksum Error
Memory Error Flag: Ladder Checksum Error
Memory Error Flag: Instruction Change Vector Area Checksum Error
Memory Error Flag: Memory Cassette Online Disconnection
Memory Error Flag: Autoboot Error

Appendix D

Memory Areas
Word(s)
273

Bit(s)
00
01
02 to 11
12
13
14

274

275

276
277 to 279
280 to 289
290 to 293
294 to 297
298 to 299

Function
Save IOM to Cassette Bit
Data transferred to Memory Cassette when Bit is turned
ON in PROGRAM mode. Bit will automatically turn OFF.
An error will be produced if turned ON in any other
Load IOM from Cassette Bit
mode.
Reserved by system (not accessible by user)
Transfer Error Flag: Not
Data will not be transferred from IOM to the Memory
PROGRAM mode
Cassette if an error occurs (except
for Read Onlyy Error).
(
)
Transfer Error Flag: Read Only
Transfer Error Flag: Insufficient
Capacity or No IOM

15

Transfer Error Flag: Checksum
Error

00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10 to 15
00
01
02
03 to 15
00 to 07
08 to 15
00 to 15
00 to 15
00 to 15
00 to 15
00 to 15

Special I/O Unit #0 Restart Flag These flags
g will turn ON during
g restart processing.
g
Th
flflags will
ill not turn ON ffor U
Units
i on Sl
Slave R
Racks.
k
Special I/O Unit #1 Restart Flag These
Special I/O Unit #2 Restart Flag
Special I/O Unit #3 Restart Flag
Special I/O Unit #4 Restart Flag
Special I/O Unit #5 Restart Flag
Special I/O Unit #6 Restart Flag
Special I/O Unit #7 Restart Flag
Special I/O Unit #8 Restart Flag
Special I/O Unit #9 Restart Flag
Reserved by system (not accessible by user)
PC Setup Startup Error (DM 6600 to DM 6614)
PC Setup RUN Error (DM 6615 to DM 6644)
PC Setup Communications/Error Setting/Misc. Error (DM 6645 to DM 6655)
Reserved by system (not accessible by user)
Minutes (00 to 59)
Used for time increments.
Hours (00 to 23)
Used for keyboard mapping. See page 368.
Reserved by system (not accessible by user)
Macro Area inputs.
Macro Area outputs.
Reserved by system (not accessible by user)

457

Appendix D

Memory Areas

AR Area
Word(s)
00

01

Bit(s)

Function

00 to 09

Error Flags for Special I/O Units 0 to 9 (also function as Error Flags for PC Link Units)

10

Error Flag for operating level 1 of SYSMAC LINK or SYSMAC NET Link System

11

Error Flag for operating level 0 of SYSMAC LINK or SYSMAC NET Link System

12

Host Computer to Rack-mounting Host Link Unit Level 1 Error Flag

13

Host Computer to Rack-mounting Host Link Unit Level 0 Error Flag

14

Remote I/O Master Unit 1 Error Flag

15

Remote I/O Master Unit 0 Error Flag

00 to 09

Restart Bits for Special I/O Units 0 to 9 (also function as Restart Bits for PC Link Units)

10

Restart Bit for operating level 1 of SYSMAC LINK or SYSMAC NET Link System

11

Restart Bit for operating level 0 of SYSMAC LINK or SYSMAC NET Link System

12, 13

Not used.

14

Remote I/O Master Unit 1 Restart Flag.

15

Remote I/O Master Unit 0 Restart Flag.

02

00 to 04

Slave Rack Error Flags (#0 to #4)

03

05 to 14
15
00 to 15

Group-2 High-density I/O Unit Error Flags
Group-2 High-density I/O Unit Error Flag
Error Flags for Optical I/O Units 0 to 7

04

00 to 15

Error Flags for Optical I/O Units 8 to 15

05

00 to 15

Error Flags for Optical I/O Units 16 to 23

06

00 to 15

Error Flags for Optical I/O Units 24 to 31

07

00 to 03

Data Link setting for operating level 0 of SYSMAC LINK System

04 to 07

Data Link setting for operating level 1 of SYSMAC LINK System

08

Normal TERMINAL Mode/Expansion TERMINAL Mode Input Cancel Bit

09

Expansion TERMINAL Mode Changeover Flag

10 and 11
12

Reserved by system.
Terminal Mode Flag
ON: Expansion; OFF: Normal (Same as status of pin 6 on CPU’s DIP switch)

13

Error History Overwrite Bit

14

Error History Reset Bit

15

Error History Enable Bit

08 to 11

00 to 15

Active Node Flags for SYSMAC LINK System nodes of operating level 0

12 to 15

00 to 15

Active Node Flags for SYSMAC LINK System nodes of operating level 1

16

00 to 15

SYSMAC LINK/SYSMAC NET Link System operating level 0 service time per cycle

17
18

00 to 15

SYSMAC LINK/SYSMAC NET Link System operating level 1 service time per cycle

00 to 07

Seconds: 00 to 99

Writeable

08 to 15

Minutes: 00 to 59

19

00 to 07

Hours: 00 to 23 (24-hour system)

Writeable

08 to 15

Day of Month: 01 to 31 (adjusted by month and for leap year)

20

00 to 07

Month: 1 to 12

Writeable

08 to 15

Year: 00 to 99 (Rightmost two digits of year)

21

00 to 07

Day of Week: 00 to 06 (00: Sunday; 01: Monday; 02: Tuesday; 03: Wednesday; 04:
Thursday; 05: Friday; 06: Saturday)

08 to 12
13
14
15
00 to 15

Not used.
30-second Compensation Bit
Clock Stop Bit
Clock Set Bit
Keyboard Mapping

Writeable

22

458

Appendix D

Memory Areas
Word(s)

Bit(s)

Function

23

00 to 15

Power Off Counter (BCD)

24

00 to 04

Reserved by system.

05

Cycle Time Flag

06

SYSMAC LINK System Network Parameter Flag for operating level 1

07

SYSMAC LINK System Network Parameter Flag for operating level 0

08

SYSMAC/SYSMAC NET Link Unit Level 1 Mounted Flag

09

SYSMAC/SYSMAC NET Link Unit Level 0 Mounted Flag

10
11 and 12
13

Reserved by system.
PC Link Level
Rack-mounting Host Link Unit Level 1 Mounted Flag

14

Rack-mounting Host Link Unit Level 0 Mounted Flag

15

CPU-mounting Device Mounted Flag

25

00 to 11

Reserved by system.

26

12
13
14
15
00 to 15

Trace End Flag
Tracing Flag
Trace Trigger Bit (writeable)
Trace Start Bit (writeable)
Maximum Cycle Time (0.1 ms)

27

00 to 15

Present Cycle Time (0.1 ms)

DM Area (Error Log)
Word

Function

DM 6000

Error Pointer (Incremented by 1 for each error (0000 to 000A)

DM 6001 to
DM 6030

Error Records (3 words per error for 10 errors, 30 words total)

Word
First
Second
Third

See following table for structure of individual records.
Bit
00 to 07
08 to 15
00 to 07
08 to 15
00 to 07
08 to 15

Content
Error code (see error information provided elsewhere)
00 (non-fatal) or 80 (fatal)
Seconds
Clock data read from AR
d AR 19.
19
18 and
Minutes
Hours
Day of month

459

Appendix E
PC Setup

Word(s)

Bit(s)

Function

Default

Startup Processing (DM 6600 to DM 6614)
The following settings are effective after transfer to the PC only after the PC is restarted.
DM 6600

DM 6601

DM 6602

00 to 07

Startup mode (effective when bits 08 to 15 are set to 02).
00: PROGRAM; 01: MONITOR 02: RUN

PROGRAM

08 to 15

Startup mode designation
00: Programming Console switch
01: Continue operating mode last used before power was turned off
02: Setting in 00 to 07
Reserved
IOM Hold Bit (SR 25212) Status
0: Reset; 1: Maintain

Programming
Console switch

00 to 07
08 to 11
12 to 15

Forced Status Hold Bit (SR 25211) Status
0: Reset; 1: Maintain

00 to 07
08 to 15

Reserved
Special I/O Unit Area
00: Use DM 1000 to DM 1999

--Reset

--DM 1000 to
DM 1999

01: Transfer DM 7000 through DM 7999 to DM 1000 through DM 1999 at
startup and use DM 1000 to DM 1999.
02: Use DM 7000 to DM 7999
DM 6603 to
DM 6614

00 to 15

Reserved

---

Cycle Time Settings (DM 6615 to DM 6619)
The following settings are effective after transfer to the PC the next time operation is started.
DM 6615
DM 6616

00 to 15
00 to 07

Reserved
(Servicing time for RS-232C port (effective when bits 08 to 15 are set to 01))
00 to 99 (BCD): Percentage of cycle time used to service RS-232C port.

--No setting (00)

Minimum: 0.256 ms; maximum 65.536 ms
08 to 15

DM 6617

00 to 07

(RS-232C port servicing setting enable)
00: Do not set service time
01: Use time in 00 to 07.
Service time is 10 ms when operation is stopped.
Servicing time for peripheral port (effective when bits 08 to 15 are set to 01)
00 to 99 (BCD): Percentage of cycle time used to service peripheral.

No setting (00)

Minimum: 0.256 ms; maximum 65.536 ms
08 to 15

DM 6618

DM 6619

00 to 07

Peripheral port servicing setting enable
00: Do not set service time
01: Use time in 00 to 07.
Service time is 10 ms when operation is stopped.
Cycle monitor time (effective when bits 08 to 15 are set to 01, 02, or 03)
00 to 99 (BCD): Setting (see 08 to 15)

00

08 to 15

Cycle monitor enable (Setting in 00 to 07 x unit; 99 s max.)
00: 120 ms (setting in bits 00 to 07 disabled)
01: Setting unit: 10 ms
02: Setting unit: 100 ms
03: Setting unit: 1 s

00: 120 ms

00 to 15

Cycle time
0000: Variable (no minimum)
0001 to 9999 (BCD): Minimum time in ms

Variable

461

Appendix E

PC Setup
Word(s)

Bit(s)

Function

Default

Interrupt/Refresh Processing (DM 6620 to DM 6622)
The following settings are effective after transfer to the PC the next time operation is started.
DM 6620

00 to 09

Special I/O Unit cyclic refresh (Bit number corresponds to unit number, PC
Link Units included)
0: Enable cyclic refresh and I/O REFRESH (IORF(97)) from main program
1: Disable (refresh only for I/O REFRESH from interrupt programs)

Enable

Disable not valid for normal (C200H) interrupt response or on Slave Racks.
10 to 11
12 to 15

Reserved
Interrupt response
0: Normal (C200H compatible)
1: High-speed (C200HS)

--Normal

DM 6621

00 to 07
08 to 15

Reserved
Special I/O Unit refresh (PC Link Units included)
00: Enable refresh for all Special I/O Units
01: Disable refresh for all Special I/O Units (but, not valid on Slave Racks)

--Enable

DM 6622

00 to 07

Scheduled interrupt time unit
00: 10 ms
01: 1 ms

10 ms

08 to 15

Scheduled interrupt time unit enable
00: Disable (10 ms)
01: Enable

00 to 15

Reserved

DM 6623 to
DM 6644

---

RS-232C Port Settings (DM 6645 to DM 6649)
The following settings are effective after transfer to the PC.
DM 6645

DM 6646

DM 6647

462

00 to 07

Port settings
00: Standard (1 start bit, 7-bit data, even parity, 2 stop bits, 9,600 bps)
01: Settings in DM 6646

Standard

08 to 11

Words linked for 1:1 link
0: LR 00 to LR 63; 1: LR 00 to LR 31; 2: LR 00 to LR 15

LR 00 to LR 63

12 to 15

Communications mode
0: Host link; 1: RS-232C; 2: 1-to-1 link slave; 3: 1-to-1 link master;
4: NT (PT) link

Host Link

00 to 07

Baud rate
00: 1.2K, 01: 2.4K, 02: 4.8K, 03: 9.6K, 04: 19.2K

1.2 K

08 to 15

Frame format
Start
Length
00:
1 bit
7 bits
01:
1 bit
7 bits
02:
1 bit
7 bits
03:
1 bit
7 bits
04:
1 bit
7 bits
05:
1 bit
7 bits
06:
1 bit
8 bits
07:
1 bit
8 bits
08:
1 bit
8 bits
09:
1 bit
8 bits
10:
1 bit
8 bits
11:
1 bit
8 bits
Transmission delay
0000 to 9999: BCD in ms.

00 to 15

Stop
1 bit
1 bit
1 bit
2 bit
2 bit
2 bit
1 bit
1 bit
1 bit
2 bit
2 bit
2 bit

Parity
Even
Odd
None
Even
Odd
None
Even
Odd
None
Even
Odd
None

1 start bit, 7-bit
data, 1 stop bit,
even parity

0 ms

Appendix E

PC Setup
Word(s)
DM 6648

DM 6649

Bit(s)
00 to 07

Function

Default

Node number (Host link)
00 to 31 (BCD)

0

08 to 11

Start code enable (RS-232C)
0: Disable; 1: Set

Disabled

12 to 15

End code enable (RS-232C)
0: Disable (number of bytes received)
1: Set (specified end code)
2: CR, LF
Start code (RS-232C)
00 to FF (binary)

Disabled

00 to 07
08 to 15

Not used

12 to 15 of DM 6648 set to 0:
Number of bytes received
00: Default setting (256 bytes)
01 to FF: 1 to 255 bytes
12 to 15 of DM 6648 set to 1:
End code (RS-232C)
00 to FF (binary)

Peripheral Port Settings (DM 6650 to DM 6654)
The following settings are effective after transfer to the PC.
DM 6650

DM 6651

00 to 07

Port settings
00: Standard (1 start bit, 7-bit data, even parity, 2 stop bits, 9,600 bps)
01: Settings in DM 6651

Standard

08 to 11
12 to 15

Reserved
Communications mode
0: Host link; 1: RS-232C

--Host Link

00 to 07

Baud rate
00: 1.2K, 01: 2.4K, 02: 4.8K, 03: 9.6K, 04: 19.2K

1.2 K

08 to 15

Frame format
Start
Length
00:
1 bit
7 bits
01:
1 bit
7 bits
02:
1 bit
7 bits
03:
1 bit
7 bits
04:
1 bit
7 bits
05:
1 bit
7 bits
06:
1 bit
8 bits
07:
1 bit
8 bits
08:
1 bit
8 bits
09:
1 bit
8 bits
10:
1 bit
8 bits
11:
1 bit
8 bits
Transmission delay (Host Link)
0000 to 9999: In ms.

Stop
1 bit
1 bit
1 bit
2 bit
2 bit
2 bit
1 bit
1 bit
1 bit
2 bit
2 bit
2 bit

Parity
Even
Odd
None
Even
Odd
None
Even
Odd
None
Even
Odd
None

1 start bit, 7-bit
data, 1 stop bit,
even parity

DM 6652

00 to 15

0 ms

DM 6653

00 to 07

Node number (Host link)
00 to 31 (BCD)

0

08 to 11

Start code enable (RS-232C)
0: Disable; 1: Set

Disable

12 to 15

End code enable (RS-232C)
0: Disable (number of bytes received)
1: Set (specified end code)
2: CR, LF

Disable

463

Appendix E

PC Setup
Word(s)
DM 6654

Bit(s)
00 to 07
08 to 15

Function
Start code (RS-232C)
00 to FF (binary)

Default
0000

12 to 15 of DM 6653 set to 0:
Number of bytes received
00: Default setting (256 bytes)
01 to FF: 1 to 255 bytes
12 to 15 of DM 6653 set to 1:
End code (RS-232C)
00 to FF (binary)

Error Settings (DM 6655)
The following settings are effective after transfer to the PC.
DM 6655

464

00 to 03

Interrupt programming error enable
0: Detect interrupt programming errors
1: Do not detect

Detect

04 to 07

(Multiple action execution error enable
0: Detect multiple action execution
1: Do not detect )

Detect

08 to 11

Cycle time monitor enable
0: Detect long cycles as non-fatal errors
1: Do not detect long cycles

Detect

12 to 15

Low battery error enable
0: Detect low battery voltage as non-fatal error
1: Do not detect low batter voltage

Detect

Appendix F
Word Assignment Recording Sheets
This appendix contains sheets that can be copied by the programmer to record I/O bit allocations and terminal
assignments, as well as details of work bits, data storage areas, timers, and counters.

465

I/O Bits
Programmer:
Word:
Bit

Program:
Unit:

Field device

Date:
Word:

Notes

Bit

00

00

01

01

02

02

03

03

04

04

05

05

06

06

07

07

08

08

09

09

10

10

11

11

12

12

13

13

14

14

15

15

Word:
Bit

Unit:
Field device

Bit

00

00

01

01

02

02

03

03

04

04

05

05

06

06

07

07

08

08

09

09

10

10

11

11

12

12

13

13

14

14

15

15

466

Field device

Word:
Notes

Page:
Unit:
Notes

Unit:
Field device

Notes

Work Bits
Programmer:

Program:

Area:
Bit

Word:
Usage

Date:

Notes

Bit

00

00

01

01

02

02

03

03

04

04

05

05

06

06

07

07

08

08

09

09

10

10

11

11

12

12

13

13

14

14

15

15

Area:
Bit

Word:
Usage

Page:

Area:

Word:
Usage

Area:
Notes

Bit

00

00

01

01

02

02

03

03

04

04

05

05

06

06

07

07

08

08

09

09

10

10

11

11

12

12

13

13

14

14

15

15

Notes

Word:
Usage

Notes

467

Data Storage
Programmer:
Word

468

Program:
Contents

Notes

Date:
Word

Page:
Contents

Notes

Timers and Counters
Programmer:
TC address

Program:
T or C

Set value

Notes

Date:
TC address

T or C

Page:
Set value

Notes

469

Appendix G
Program Coding Sheet
The following page can be copied for use in coding ladder diagram programs. It is designed for flexibility, allowing
the user to input all required addresses and instructions.
When coding programs, be sure to specify all function codes for instructions and data areas (or # for constant) for
operands. These will be necessary when inputting programs though a Programming Console or other Peripheral
Device.

471

Program Coding Sheet
Programmer:
Address

472

Instruction

Program:
Operand(s)

Address

Date:
Instruction

Operand(s)

Page:
Address

Instruction

Operand(s)

Appendix H
Data Conversion Tables
Normal Data
Decimal

BCD

Hex

Binary

00

00000000

00

00000000

01

00000001

01

00000001

02

00000010

02

00000010

03

00000011

03

00000011

04

00000100

04

00000100

05

00000101

05

00000101

06

00000110

06

00000110

07

00000111

07

00000111

08

00001000

08

00001000

09

00001001

09

00001001

10

00010000

0A

00001010

11

00010001

0B

00001011

12

00010010

0C

00001100

13

00010011

0D

00001101

14

00010100

0E

00001110

15

00010101

0F

00001111

16

00010110

10

00010000

17

00010111

11

00010001

18

00011000

12

00010010

19

00011001

13

00010011

20

00100000

14

00010100

21

00100001

15

00010101

22

00100010

16

00010110

23

00100011

17

00010111

24

00100100

18

00011000

25

00100101

19

00011001

26

00100110

1A

00011010

27

00100111

1B

00011011

28

00101000

1C

00011100

29

00101001

1D

00011101

30

00110000

1E

00011110

31

00110001

1F

00011111

32

00110010

20

00100000

473

Appendix H

Data Conversion Tables

Signed Binary Data
Decimal
2147483647
2147483646
.
.
.
32768
32767
32766
.
.
.
5
4
3
2
1
0
–1
–2
–3
–4
–5
.
.
.
–32767
–32768
–32769
.
.
.
–2147483647
–2147483648

474

16-bit Hex
–––
–––
.
.
.
–––
7FFF
7FFE
.
.
.
0005
0004
0003
0002
0001
0000
FFFF
FFFE
FFFD
FFFC
FFFB
.
.
.
8001
8000
–––
.
.
.
–––
–––

32-bit Hex
7FFFFFFF
7FFFFFFE
.
.
.
00008000
00007FFF
00007FFE
.
.
.
00000005
00000004
00000003
00000002
00000001
00000000
FFFFFFFF
FFFFFFFE
FFFFFFFD
FFFFFFFC
FFFFFFFB
.
.
.
FFFF8001
FFFF8000
FFFF7FFF
.
.
.
80000001
80000000

Appendix I
Extended ASCII
Programming Console Displays
Bits 0 to 3
BIN

Bits 4 to 7
0000

HEX

0001

0010

0011

2

0100

3

0101

4

0110

5

0111

1010

7

A

0

1

0000

0

NUL

DLE

Space

0

@

P

‘

6
p

0001

1

SOH

DC1

!

1

A

Q

a

q

0010

2

STX

DC2

”

2

B

R

b

r

0011

3

ETX

DC3

#

3

C

S

c

0100

4

EOT

DC4

$

4

D

T

d

0101

5

ENQ

NAK

%

5

E

U

0110

6

ACK

SYN

&

6

F

0111

7

BEL

ETB

’

7

G

1000

8

BS

CAN

(

8

1001

9

HT

EM

)

9

1010

A

LF

SUB

*

1011

B

VT

ESC

1100

C

FF

FS

1101

D

CR

1110

E

S0

1111

F

S1

1011

1100

B

1101

C

1110

D

1111

E

F

0

@

P

‘

p

!

1

A

Q

a

q

”

2

B

R

b

r

s

#

3

C

S

c

s

t

$

4

D

T

d

t

e

u

%

5

E

U

e

u

V

f

v

&

6

F

V

f

v

W

g

w

’

7

G

W

g

w

H

X

h

x

(

8

H

X

h

x

I

Y

i

y

)

9

I

Y

i

y

:

J

Z

j

z

*

:

J

Z

j

z

+

;

K

[

k

{

+

;

K

[

k

{

,

<

L

\

l

|

,

<

L

\

l

|

GS

-

=

M

]

m

}

-

=

M

]

m

}

RS

.

>

N

^

n

«

.

>

N

^

n

US

/

?

O

_

o

~

/

?

O

_

o

~

475

Glossary
address

The location in memory where data is stored. For data areas, an address consists of a two-letter data area designation and a number that designates the
word and/or bit location. For the UM area, an address designates the instruction
location (UM area). In the FM area, the address designates the block location,
etc.

allocation

The process by which the PC assigns certain bits or words in memory for various
functions. This includes pairing I/O bits to I/O points on Units.

AND

A logic operation whereby the result is true if and only if both premises are true.
In ladder-diagram programming the premises are usually ON/OFF states of bits
or the logical combination of such states called execution conditions.

APF

Acronym for all plastic fiber-optic cable.

AR area

A PC data area allocated to flags, control bits, and work bits.

arithmetic shift

A shift operation wherein the carry flag is included in the shift.

ASCII

Short for American Standard Code for Information Interchange. ASCII is used to
code characters for output to printers and other external devices.

ASCII Unit

An Intelligent I/O Unit used to program in BASIC. When connected to an NSU on
a Net Link System, commands can be sent to other nodes.

Backplane

A base onto which Units are mounted to form a Rack. Backplanes provide a series of connectors for these Units along with wiring to connect them to the CPU.
Backplanes also provide connectors used to connect them to other Backplanes.
In some Systems, different Backplanes are used for different Racks; in other
Systems, Racks differ only according to the Units mounted to them.

BCD

Short for binary-coded decimal.

BCD calculation

An arithmetic calculation that uses numbers expressed in binary-coded decimal.

binary

A number system where all numbers are expressed to the base 2, i.e., any number can be written using only 1’s or 2’s. Each group of four binary bits is equivalent to one hexadecimal digit.

binary calculation

An arithmetic calculation that uses numbers expressed in binary.

binary-coded decimal

A system used to represent numbers so that each group of four binary bits is
numerically equivalent to one decimal digit.

bit

A binary digit; hence a unit of data in binary notation. The smallest unit of information that can be electronically stored in a PC. The status of a bit is either ON or
OFF. Different bits at particular addresses are allocated to special purposes,
such as holding the status input from external devices, while other bits are available for general use in programming.

bit address

The location in memory where a bit of data is stored. A bit address must specify
(sometimes by default) the data area and word that is being addressed, as well
as the number of the bit.

477

Glossary
bit designator

An operand that is used to designate the bit or bits of a word to be used by an
instruction.

bit number

A number that indicates the location of a bit within a word. Bit 00 is the rightmost
(least-significant) bit; bit 15 is the leftmost (most-significant) bit.

buffer

A temporary storage space for data in a computerized device.

building-block PC

A PC that is constructed from individual components, or “building blocks”. With
building-block PCs, there is no one Unit that is independently identifiable as a
PC. The PC is rather a functional assembly of components.

bus bar

The line leading down the left and sometimes right side of a ladder diagram. Instruction execution proceeds down the bus bar, which is the starting point for all
instruction lines.

call

A process by which instruction execution shifts from the main program to a subroutine. The subroutine may be called by an instruction or by an interrupt.

carry flag

A flag that is used with arithmetic operations to hold a carry from an addition or
multiplication operation, or to indicate that the result is negative in a subtraction
operation. The carry flag is also used with certain types of shift operations.

clock pulse

A pulse available at a certain bit in memory for use in timing operations. Various
clock pulses are available with different pulse widths.

clock pulse bit

A bit in memory that supplies a pulse that can be used to time operations. Various clock pulse bits are available with different pulse widths, and therefore different frequencies.

common data

Data that is stored in the LR Area of a PC and which is shared by other PCs in the
same the same system. Each PC has a specified section of the LR Area allocated to it. This allocation is the same in each LR Area of each PC.

condition

An message placed in an instruction line to direct the way in which the terminal
instructions, on the right side, are to be executed. Each condition is assigned to a
bit in memory that determines its status. The status of the bit assigned to each
condition determines, in turn, the execution condition for each instruction up to a
terminal instruction on the right side of the ladder diagram.

constant

An operand for which the actual numeric value is specified by the user, and
which is then stored in a particular address in the data memory.

control bit

A bit in a memory area that is set either through the program or via a Programming Device to achieve a specific purpose, e.g., a Restart bit is turned ON and
OFF to restart a Unit.

Control System

All of the hardware and software components used to control other devices. A
Control System includes the PC System, the PC programs, and all I/O devices
that are used to control or obtain feedback from the controlled system.

controlled system

The devices that are being controlled by a PC System.

control signal

A signal sent from the PC to effect the operation of the controlled system.

counter

A dedicated group of digits or words in memory used to count the number of
times a specific process has occurred, or a location in memory accessed

478

Glossary
through a TC bit and used to count the number of times the status of a bit or an
execution condition has changed from OFF to ON.
CPU

An acronym for central processing unit. In a PC System, the CPU executes the
program, processes I/O signals, communicates with external devices, etc.

CPU Backplane

A Backplane which is used to create a CPU Rack.

CPU Rack

Part of a building-block PC, the CPU Rack contains the CPU, a power supply,
and other Units. With most PCs, the CPU Rack is the only Rack that provides
linkable slots.

CTS

An acronym for clear-to-send, a signal used in communications between electronic devices to indicate that the receiver is ready to accept incoming data.

cycle

The process used to execute a ladder-diagram program. The program is examined sequentially from start to finish and each instruction is executed in turn
based on execution conditions.

cycle time

The time required for a single cycle of the ladder-diagram program.

data area

An area in the PC’s memory that is designed to hold a specific type of data, e.g.,
the LR area is designed to hold common data in a PC Link System. Memory
areas that hold programs are not considered data areas.

data area boundary

The highest address available within a data area. When designating an operand
that requires multiple words, it is necessary to ensure that the highest address in
the data area is not exceeded.

data sharing

An aspect of PC Link Systems and of Data Links in Net Link Systems in which
common data areas or common data words are created between two or more
PCs.

debug

A process by which a draft program is corrected until it operates as intended.
Debugging includes both the removal of syntax errors, as well as the fine-tuning
of timing and coordination of control operations.

decimal

A number system where all numbers are expressed to the base 10. In a PC all
data is ultimately stored in binary form, four binary bits are often used to represent one decimal digit, via a system called binary-coded decimal.

decrement

Decreasing a numeric value.

default

A value automatically set by the PC when the user omits to set a specific value.
Many devices will assume such default conditions upon the application of power.

definer

A number used as an operand for an instruction but that serves to define the instruction itself, rather that the data on which the instruction is to operate. Definers include jump numbers, subroutine numbers, etc.

delay

In tracing, a value that specifies where tracing is to begin in relationship to the
trigger. A delay can be either positive or negative, i.e., can designate an offset on
either side of the trigger.

destination

The location where an instruction is to place the data on which it is operating, as
opposed to the location from which data is taken for use in the instruction. The
location from which data is taken is called the source.

479

Glossary
differentiated instruction

An instruction that is executed only once each time its execution condition goes
from OFF to ON. Nondifferentiated instructions are executed each cycle as long
as the execution condition stays ON.

differentiation instruction

An instruction used to ensure that the operand bit is never turned ON for more
than one cycle after the execution condition goes either from OFF to ON for a
Differentiate Up instruction or from ON to OFF for a Differentiate Down instruction.

digit

A unit of storage in memory that consists of four bits.

digit designator

An operand that is used to designate the digit or digits of a word to be used by an
instruction.

distributed control

An automation concept in which control of each portion of an automated system
is located near the devices actually being controlled, i.e., control is decentralized
and ‘distributed’ over the system. Distributed control is one of the fundamental
concepts of PC Systems.

DM area

A data area used to hold only word data. Words in the DM area cannot be accessed bit by bit.

download

The process of transferring a program or data from a higher-level computer to a
lower-level computer or PC.

electrical noise

Random variations of one or more electrical characteristics such as voltage, current, and data, which might interfere with the normal operation of a device.

error code

A numeric code generated to indicate that an error exists, and something about
the nature of the error. Some error codes are generated by the system; others
are defined in the program by the operator.

exclusive OR

A logic operation whereby the result is true if one, and only one, of the premises
is true. In ladder-diagram programming the premises are usually the ON/OFF
states of bits, or the logical combination of such states, called execution conditions.

exclusive NOR

A logic operation whereby the result is true if both of the premises are true or both
of the premises are false. In ladder-diagram programming the premises are usually the ON/OFF states of bits, or the logical combination of such states, called
execution conditions.

exection condition

The ON or OFF status under which an instruction is executed. The execution
condition is determined by the logical combination of conditions on the same instruction line and up to the instruction currently being executed.

execution time

The time required for the CPU to execute either an individual instruction or an
entire program.

Expansion I/O Backplane

A Backplane which is used to create an Expansion I/O Rack.

Expansion I/O Rack

Part of a building-block PC, an Expansion I/O Rack is connected to either a CPU
Rack or another Expansion I/O Rack to increase the number of slots available
for mounting Units.

extended counter

A counter created in a program by using two or more count instructions in succession. Such a counter is capable of counting higher than any of the standard
counters provided by the individual instructions.

480

Glossary
extended timer

A timer created in a program by using two or more timers in succession. Such a
timer is capable of timing longer than any of the standard timers provided by the
individual instructions.

Factory Intelligent Terminal

A programming device provided with advanced programming and debugging
capabilities to facilitate PC operation. The Factory Intelligent Terminal also provides various interfaces for external devices, such as floppy disk drives.

fatal error

An error that stops PC operation and requires correction before operation can
continue.

FIT

Abbreviation for Factory Intelligent Terminal.

flag

A dedicated bit in memory that is set by the system to indicate some type of operating status. Some flags, such as the carry flag, can also be set by the operator
or via the program.

flicker bit

A bit that is programmed to turn ON and OFF at a specific frequency.

floating point decimal

A decimal number expressed as a number between 0 and 1 (the mantissa) multiplied by a power of 10, e.g., 0.538 x 10-5.

Floppy Disk Interface Unit

A Unit used to interface a floppy disk drive to a PC so that programs and/or data
can be stored on floppy disks.

force reset

The process of forcibly turning OFF a bit via a programming device. Bits are usually turned OFF as a result of program execution.

force set

The process of forcibly turning ON a bit via a programming device. Bits are usually turned ON as a result of program execution.

function code

A two-digit number used to input an instruction into the PC.

hardware error

An error originating in the hardware structure (electronic components) of the PC,
as opposed to a software error, which originates in software (i.e., programs).

hexadecimal

A number system where all numbers are expressed to the base 16. In a PC all
data is ultimately stored in binary form, however, displays and inputs on Programming Devices are often expressed in hexadecimal to simplify operation.
Each group of four binary bits is numerically equivalent to one hexadecimal digit.

Host Link System

A system with one or more host computers connected to one or more PCs via
Host Link Units so that the host computer can be used to transfer data to and
from the PC(s). Host Link Systems enable centralized management and control
of PC Systems.

Host Link Unit

An interface used to connect a PC to a host computer in a Host Link System.

host computer

A computer that is used to transfer data or programs to from a PC in a Host Link
System. The host computer is used for data management and overall system
control. Host computers are generally personal or business computers.

HR area

A data area used to store and manipulate data, and to preserve data when power to the PC is turned OFF.

increment

Increasing a numeric value.

indirect address

An address whose contents indicates another address. The contents of the second address will be used as the operand. Indirect addressing is possible in the
DM area only.

481

Glossary
initialization error

An error that occurs either in hardware or software during the PC System startup, i.e., during initialization.

initialize

Part of the startup process whereby some memory areas are cleared, system
setup is checked, and default values are set.

input

The signal coming from an external device into the PC. The term input is often
used abstractly or collectively to refer to incoming signals.

input bit

A bit in the IR area that is allocated to hold the status of an input.

input device

An external device that sends signals into the PC System.

input point

The point at which an input enters the PC System. Input points correspond physically to terminals or connector pins.

input signal

A change in the status of a connection entering the PC. Generally an input signal
is said to exist when, for example, a connection point goes from low to high voltage or from a nonconductive to a conductive state.

instruction

A direction given in the program that tells the PC of an action to be carried out,
and which data is to be used in carrying out the action. Instructions can be used
to simply turn a bit ON or OFF, or they can perform much more complex actions,
such as converting and/or transferring large blocks of data.

instruction block

A group of instructions that is logically related in a ladder-diagram program. Although any logically related group of instructions could be called an instruction
block, the term is generally used to refer to blocks of instructions called logic
blocks that require logic block instructions to relate them to other instructions or
logic blocks.

instruction execution time

The time required to execute an instruction. The execution time for any one instruction can vary with the execution conditions for the instruction and the operands used within it.

instruction line

A group of conditions that lie together on the same horizontal line of a ladder diagram. Instruction lines can branch apart or join together to form instruction
blocks.

interface

An interface is the conceptual boundary between systems or devices and usually involves changes in the way the communicated data is represented. Interface
devices such as NSBs perform operations like changing the coding, format, or
speed of the data.

interlock

A programming method used to treat a number of instructions as a group so that
the entire group can be reset together when individual execution is not required.
An interlocked program section is executed normally for an ON execution condition and partially reset for an OFF execution condition.

interrupt (signal)

A signal that stops normal program execution and causes a subroutine to be run.

Interrupt Input Unit

A Rack-mounting Unit used to input external interrupts into a PC System.

inverse condition

A condition that produces an ON execution condition when the bit assigned to it
is OFF, and an OFF execution condition when the bit assigned to it is ON.

I/O capacity

The number of inputs and outputs that a PC is able to handle. This number
ranges from around one hundred for smaller PCs to two thousand for the largest
ones.

482

Glossary
I/O Control Unit

A Unit mounted to the CPU Rack in certain PCs to monitor and control I/O points
on Expansion I/O Units.

I/O devices

The devices to which terminals on I/O Units, Special I/O Units, or Intelligent I/O
Units are connected. I/O devices may be either part of the Control System, if they
function to help control other devices, or they may be part of the controlled system.

I/O Interface Unit

A Unit mounted to an Expansion I/O Rack in certain PCs to interface the Expansion I/O Rack to the CPU Rack.

I/O Link

Created in an Optical Remote I/O System to enable input/output of one or two IR
words directly between PCs. The words are input/output between the PC controlling the Master and a PC connected to the Remote I/O System through an I/O
Link Unit or an I/O Link Rack.

I/O Link Unit

A Unit used with certain PCs to create an I/O Link in an Optical Remote I/O System.

I/O point

The place at which an input signal enters the PC System, or at which an output
signal leaves the PC System. In physical terms, I/O points correspond to terminals or connector pins on a Unit; in terms of programming, an I/O points correspond to I/O bits in the IR area.

I/O response time

The time required for an output signal to be sent from the PC in response to an
input signal received from an external device.

I/O table

A table created within the memory of the PC that lists the IR area words allocated
to each Unit in the PC System. The I/O table can be created by, or modified from,
a Programming Device.

I/O Unit

The most basic type of Unit mounted to a backplane to create a Rack. I/O Units
include Input Units and Output Units, each of which is available in a range of
specifications. I/O Units do not include Special I/O Units, Link Units, etc.

I/O word

A word in the IR area that is allocated to a Unit in the PC System.

IR area

A data area whose principal function is to hold the status of inputs coming into
the system and that of outputs that are to be set out of the system. Bits and words
in the IR that are used this way are called I/O bits and I/O words. The remaining
bits in the IR area are work bits.

JIS

Acronym for Japanese Industrial Standards.

jump

A type of programming where execution moves directly from one point in a program to another, without sequentially executing any instructions inbetween.
Jumps are usually conditional on an execution condition.

jump number

A definer used with a jump that defines the points from and to which a jump is to
be made.

ladder diagram (program)

A form of program arising out of relay-based control systems that uses circuit-type diagrams to represent the logic flow of programming instructions. The
appearance of the program is similar to a ladder, and thus the name.

ladder diagram symbol

A symbol used in a ladder-diagram program.

ladder instruction

An instruction that represents the ‘rung’ portion of a ladder-diagram program.
The other instructions in a ladder diagram fall along the right side of the diagram
and are called terminal instructions.

483

Glossary
Ladder Support Software

A software package that provides most of the functions of the Factory Intelligent
Terminal on an IBM AT, IBM XT, or compatible computer.

LAN

An acronym for local area network.

leftmost (bit/word)

The highest numbered bits of a group of bits, generally of an entire word, or the
highest numbered words of a group of words. These bits/words are often called
most-significant bits/words.

Link Adapter

A Unit used to connect communications lines, either to branch the lines or to convert between different types of cable. There are two types of Link Adapter:
Branching Link Adapters and Converting Link Adapters.

link

A hardware or software connection formed between two Units. “Link” can refer
either to a part of the physical connection between two Units (e.g., optical links in
Wired Remote I/O Systems) or a software connection created to data existing at
another location (Network Data Links).

linkable slot

A slot on either a CPU or Expansion I/O Backplane to which a Link Unit can be
mounted. Backplanes differ in the slots to which Link Units can be mounted.

Link System

A system that includes one or more of the following systems: Remote I/O System, PC Link System, Host Link System, or Net Link System.

Link Unit

Any of the Units used to connect a PC to a Link System. These are Remote I/O
Units, I/O Link Units, PC Link Units, Host Link Units, and Net Link Units.

load

The processes of copying data either from an external device or from a storage
area to an active portion of the system such as a display buffer. Also, an output
device connected to the PC is called a load.

local area network

A network consisting of nodes or positions in a loop arrangement. Each node
can be any one of a number of devices, which can transfer data to and from each
other.

logic block

A group of instructions that is logically related in a ladder-diagram program and
that requires logic block instructions to relate it to other instructions or logic
blocks.

logic block instruction

An instruction used to locally combine the execution condition resulting from a
logic block with a current execution condition. The current execution condition
could be the result of a single condition, or of another logic block. AND Load and
OR Load are the two logic block instructions.

logic instruction

Instructions used to logically combine the content of two words and output the
logical results to a specified result word. The logic instructions combine all the
same-numbered bits in the two words and output the result to the bit of the same
number in the specified result word.

loop

A group of instructions that can be executed more than once in succession (i.e.,
repeated) depending on an execution condition or bit status.

LR area

A data area that is used in a PC Link System so that data can be transferred between two or more PCs. If a PC Link System is not used, the LR area is available
for use as work bits.

LSS

Abbreviation for Ladder Support Software.

484

Glossary
main program

All of a program except for the subroutines.

masking

‘Covering’ an interrupt signal so that the interrupt is not effective until the mask is
removed.

Master

Short for Remote I/O Master Unit.

memory area

Any of the areas in the PC used to hold data or programs.

mnemonic code

A form of a ladder-diagram program that consists of a sequential list of the instructions without using a ladder diagram. Mnemonic code is required to input a
program into a PC when using a Programming Console.

MONITOR mode

A mode of PC operation in which normal program execution is possible, and
which allows modification of data held in memory. Used for monitoring or debugging the PC.

most-significant (bit/word)

See leftmost (bit/word).

NC input

An input that is normally closed, i.e., the input signal is considered to be present
when the circuit connected to the input opens.

nest

Programming one loop within another loop, programming a call to a subroutine
within another subroutine, or programming an IF-ELSE programming section
within another IF-ELSE section.

Net Link System

An optical LAN formed from PCs connected through Net Link Units. A Net Link
System also normally contains nodes interfacing computers and other peripheral devices. PCs in the Net Link System can pass data back and forth, receive
commands from any interfaced computer, and share any interfaced peripheral
device.

Net Link Unit

The Unit used to connect PCs to a Net Link System. The full name is “SYSMAC
Net Link Unit”.

Network Service Board

A device with an interface to connect devices other than PCs to a Net Link System.

Network Service Unit

A Unit that provides two interfaces to connect peripheral devices to a Net Link
System.

node

One of the positions in a LAN. Each node incorporates a device that can communicate with the devices at all of the other nodes. The device at a node is identified
by the node number. One loop of a Net Link System (OMRON’s LAN) can consist
of up to 126 nodes. Each node is occupied by a Net Link Unit mounted to a PC or
a device providing an interface to a computer or other peripheral device.

NO input

An input that is normally open, i.e., the input signal is considered to be present
when the circuit connected to the input closes.

noise interference

Disturbances in signals caused by electrical noise.

nonfatal error

A hardware or software error that produces a warning but does not stop the PC
from operating.

normal condition

A condition that produces an ON execution condition when the bit assigned to it
is ON, and an OFF execution condition when the bit assigned to it is OFF.

485

Glossary
NOT

A logic operation which inverts the status of the operand. For example, AND
NOT indicates an AND operation with the opposite of the actual status of the operand bit.

NSB

An acronym for Network Service Board.

NSU

An acronym for Network Service Unit.

OFF

The status of an input or output when a signal is said not to be present. The OFF
state is generally represented by a low voltage or by non-conductivity, but can be
defined as the opposite of either.

OFF delay

The delay between the time when a signal is switched OFF (e.g., by an input
device or PC) and the time when the signal reaches a state readable as an OFF
signal (i.e., as no signal) by a receiving party (e.g., output device or PC).

ON

The status of an input or output when a signal is said to be present. The ON state
is generally represented by a high voltage or by conductivity, but can be defined
as the opposite of either.

ON delay

The delay between the time when an ON signal is initiated (e.g., by an input device or PC) and the time when the signal reaches a state readable as an ON signal by a receiving party (e.g., output device or PC).

one-shot bit

A bit that is turned ON or OFF for a specified interval of time which is longer than
one cycle.

on-line removal

Removing a Rack-mounted Unit for replacement or maintenance during PC operation.

operand

Bit(s) or word(s) designated as the data to be used for an instruction. An operand
can be input as a constant expressing the actual numeric value to be used or as
an address to express the location in memory of the data to be used.

operand bit

A bit designated as an operand for an instruction.

operand word

A word designated as an operand for an instruction.

operating error

An error that occurs during actual PC operation as opposed to an initialization
error, which occurs before actual operations can begin.

Optical I/O Unit

A Unit that is connected in an Optical Remote I/O System to provide 8 I/O points.
Optical I/O Units are not mounted to a Rack.

Optical Slave Rack

A Slave Rack connected through an Optical Remote I/O Slave Unit.

OR

A logic operation whereby the result is true if either of two premises is true, or if
both are true. In ladder-diagram programming the premises are usually ON/OFF
states of bits or the logical combination of such states called execution conditions.

output

The signal sent from the PC to an external device. The term output is often used
abstractly or collectively to refer to outgoing signals.

output bit

A bit in the IR area that is allocated to hold the status to be sent to an output device.

output device

An external device that receives signals from the PC System.

486

Glossary
output point

The point at which an output leaves the PC System. Output points correspond
physically to terminals or connector pins.

output signal

A signal being sent to an external device. Generally an output signal is said to
exist when, for example, a connection point goes from low to high voltage or from
a nonconductive to a conductive state.

overseeing

Part of the processing performed by the CPU that includes general tasks required to operate the PC.

overwrite

Changing the content of a memory location so that the previous content is lost.

parity

Adjustment of the number of ON bits in a word or other unit of data so that the
total is always an even number or always an odd number. Parity is generally
used to check the accuracy of data after being transmitted by confirming that the
number of ON bits is still even or still odd.

PC

An acronym for Programmable Controller.

PCB

An acronym for printed circuit board.

PC configuration

The arrangement and interconnections of the Units that are put together to form
a functional PC.

PCF

Acronym for plastic-clad optical fiber cable.

PC Link System

A system in which PCs are connected through PC Link Units to enable them to
share common data areas, i.e., each of the PCs writes to certain words in the LR
area and receives the data of the words written by all other PC Link Units connected in series with it.

PC Link Unit

The Unit used to connect PCs in a PC Link System.

PC System

With building-block PCs, all of the Racks and independent Units connected directly to them up to, but not including the I/O devices. The boundaries of a PC
System are the PC and the program in its CPU at the upper end; and the I/O
Units, Special I/O Units, Optical I/O Units, Remote Terminals, etc., at the lower
end.

peripheral device

Devices connected to a PC System to aid in system operation. Peripheral devices include printers, programming devices, external storage media, etc.

port

A connector on a PC or computer that serves as a connection to an external device.

present value

The current value registered in a device at any instant during its operation. Present value is abbreviated as PV.

printed circuit board

A board onto which electrical circuits are printed for mounting into a computer or
electrical device.

Printer Interface Unit

A Unit used to interface a printer so that ladder diagrams and other data can be
printed out.

program

The list of instructions that tells the PC the sequence of control actions to be carried out.

Programmable Controller

A computerized device that can accept inputs from external devices and generate outputs to external devices according to a program held in memory. Pro-

487

Glossary
grammable Controllers are used to automate control of external devices. Although single-component Programmable Controllers are available, building-block Programmable Controllers are constructed from separate components. Such building-block Programmable Controllers are formed only when
enough of these separate components are assembled to form a functional assembly, i.e., no one individual Unit is called a PC.
programmed alarm

An alarm given as a result of execution of an instruction designed to generate the
alarm in the program, as opposed to one generated by the system.

programmed error

An error arising as a result of the execution of an instruction designed to generate the error in the program, as opposed to one generated by the system.

programmed message

A message generated as a result of execution of an instruction designed to generate the message in the program, as opposed to one generated by the system.

Programming Console

The simplest form or programming device available for a PC. Programming
Consoles are available both as hand-held models and as CPU-mounting models.

Programming Device

A peripheral device used to input a program into a PC or to alter or monitor a
program already held in the PC. There are dedicated programming devices,
such as Programming Consoles, and there are non-dedicated devices, such as
a host computer.

PROGRAM mode

A mode of operation that allows inputting and debugging of programs to be carried out, but that does not permit normal execution of the program.

PROM Writer

A peripheral device used to write programs and other data into a ROM for permanent storage and application.

prompt

A message or symbol that appears on a display to request input from the operator.

PV

Acronym for present value.

Rack

An assembly of various Units on a Backplane that forms a functional unit in a
building-block PC System. Racks include CPU Racks, Expansion I/O Racks, I/O
Racks, and Slave Racks.

refresh

The process of updating output status sent to external devices so that it agrees
with the status of output bits held in memory and of updating input bits in memory
so that they agree with the status of inputs from external devices.

relay-based control

The forerunner of PCs. In relay-based control, groups of relays are interconnected to form control circuits. In a PC, these are replaced by programmable circuits.

Remote I/O Master Unit

The Unit in a Remote I/O System through which signals are sent to all other Remote I/O Units. The Remote I/O Master Unit is mounted either to a CPU Rack or
an Expansion I/O Rack connected to the CPU Rack. Remote I/O Master Unit is
generally abbreviated to Master.

Remote I/O Slave Unit

A Unit mounted to a Backplane to form a Slave Rack. Remote I/O Slave Unit is
generally abbreviated to Slave.

Remote I/O System

A system in which remote I/O points are controlled through a Master mounted to
a CPU Rack or an Expansion I/O Rack connected to the CPU Rack.

488

Glossary
Remote I/O Unit

Any of the Units in a Remote I/O System. Remote I/O Units include Masters,
Slaves, Optical I/O Units, I/O Link Units, and Remote Terminals.

remote I/O word

An I/O word allocated to a Unit in a Remote I/O System.

reset

The process of turning a bit or signal OFF or of changing the present value of a
timer or counter to its set value or to zero.

return

The process by which instruction execution shifts from a subroutine back to the
main program (usually the point from which the subroutine was called).

reversible counter

A counter that can be both incremented and decremented depending on the
specified conditions.

reversible shift register

A shift register that can shift data in either direction depending on the specified
conditions.

right-hand instruction

Another term for terminal instruction.

rightmost (bit/word)

The lowest numbered bits of a group of bits, generally of an entire word, or the
lowest numbered words of a group of words. These bits/words are often called
least-significant bits/words.

rotate register

A shift register in which the data moved out from one end is placed back into the
shift register at the other end.

RUN mode

The operating mode used by the PC for normal control operations.

scheduled interrupt

An interrupt that is automatically generated by the system at a specific time or
program location specified by the operator. Scheduled interrupts result in the execution of specific subroutines that can be used for instructions that must be executed repeatedly for a specified period of time.

self diagnosis

A process whereby the system checks its own operation and generates a warning or error if an abnormality is discovered.

self-maintaining bit

A bit that is programmed to maintain either an OFF or ON status until set or reset
by specified conditions.

servicing

The process whereby the PC provides data to or receives data from external devices or remote I/O Units, or otherwise handles data transactions for Link Systems.

set

The process of turning a bit or signal ON.

set value

The value from which a decrementing counter starts counting down or to which
an incrementing counter counts up (i.e., the maximum count), or the time from
which or for which a timer starts timing. Set value is abbreviated SV.

shift register

One or more words in which data is shifted a specified number of units to the right
or left in bit, digit, or word units. In a rotate register, data shifted out one end is
shifted back into the other end. In other shift registers, new data (either specified
data, zero(s) or one(s)) is shifted into one end and the data shifted out at the other end is lost.

Slave

Short for Remote I/O Slave Unit.

Slave Rack

A Rack containing a Remote I/O Slave Unit and controlled through a Remote I/O
Master Unit. Slave Racks are generally located away from the CPU Rack.

489

Glossary
slot

A position on a Rack (Backplane) to which a Unit can be mounted.

software error

An error that originates in a software program.

software protect

A means of protecting data from being changed that uses software as opposed
to a physical switch or other hardware setting.

source

The location from which data is taken for use in an instruction, as opposed to the
location to which the result of an instruction is to be written. The latter is called
the destination.

Special I/O Unit

A dedicated Unit that is designed for a specific purpose. Special I/O Units include Position Control Units, High-Speed Counter Units, Analog I/O Units, etc.

SR area

A data area in a PC used mainly for flags, control bits, and other information provided about PC operation. The status of only certain SR bits may be controlled
by the operator, i.e., most SR bits can only be read.

SSS

Abbreviation for SYSMAC Support Software.

subroutine

A group of instructions placed after the main program and executed only if called
from the main program or activated by an interrupt.

subroutine number

A definer used to identify the subroutine that a subroutine call or interrupt activates.

SV

Abbreviation for set value.

switching capacity

The maximum voltage/current that a relay can safely switch on and off.

syntax error

An error in the way in which a program is written. Syntax errors can include
‘spelling’ mistakes (i.e., a function code that does not exist), mistakes in specifying operands within acceptable parameters (e.g., specifying reserved SR bits as
a destination), and mistakes in actual application of instructions (e.g., a call to a
subroutine that does not exist).

SYSMAC Support Software

A software package installed on a IBM PC/AT or compatible computer to function as a Programming Device.

system configuration

The arrangement in which Units in a system are connected.

system error

An error generated by the system, as opposed to one resulting from execution of
an instruction designed to generate an error.

system error message

An error message generated by the system, as opposed to one resulting from
execution of an instruction designed to generate a message.

TC area

A data area that can be used only for timers and counters. Each bit in the TC area
serves as the access point for the SV, PV, and Completion flag for the timer or
counter defined with that bit.

TC number

A definer that corresponds to a bit in the TC area and used to define the bit as
either a timer or a counter.

terminal instruction

An instruction placed on the right side of a ladder diagram that uses the final execution conditions of an instruction line.

terminator

The code comprising an asterisk and a carriage return (* CR) which indicates the
end of a block of data, whether it is a single-frame or multi-frame block. Frames
within a multi-frame block are separated by delimiters.

490

Glossary
timer

A location in memory accessed through a TC bit and used to time down from the
timer’s set value. Timers are turned ON and reset according to their execution
conditions.

TM area

A memory area used to store the results of a trace.

transmission distance

The distance that a signal can be transmitted.

TR area

A data area used to store execution conditions so that they can be reloaded later
for use with other instructions.

trace

An operation whereby the program is executed and the resulting data is stored in
TM memory to enable step-by-step analysis and debugging.

transfer

The process of moving data from one location to another within the PC, or between the PC and external devices. When data is transferred, generally a copy
of the data is sent to the destination, i.e., the content of the source of the transfer
is not changed.

trigger address

An address in the program that defines the beginning point for tracing. The actual beginning point can be altered from the trigger by defining either a positive or
negative delay.

UM area

The memory area used to hold the active program, i.e., the program that is being
currently executed.

Unit

In OMRON PC terminology, the word Unit is capitalized to indicate any product
sold for a PC System. Though most of the names of these products end with the
word Unit, not all do, e.g., a Remote Terminal is referred to in a collective sense
as a Unit. Context generally makes any limitations of this word clear.

unit number

A number assigned to some Link Units and Special I/O Units to facilitate identification when assigning words or other operating parameters to it.

watchdog timer

A timer within the system that ensures that the cycle time stays within specified
limits. When limits are reached, either warnings are given or PC operation is
stopped depending on the particular limit that is reached.

Wired Slave Rack

A Slave Rack connected through a Wired Remote I/O Slave Unit.

word

A unit of data storage in memory that consists of 16 bits. All data areas consists
of words. Some data areas can be accessed only by words; others, by either
words or bits.

word address

The location in memory where a word of data is stored. A word address must
specify (sometimes by default) the data area and the number of the word that is
being addressed.

word multiplier

A value between 0 and 3 that is assigned to a Master in a Remote I/O System so
that words can be allocated to non-Rack-mounting Units within the System. The
word setting made on the Unit is added to 32 times the word multiplier to arrive at
the actual word to be allocated.

work bit

A bit in a work word.

work word

A word that can be used for data calculation or other manipulation in programming, i.e., a ‘work space’ in memory. A large portion of the IR area is always re-

491

Glossary
served for work words. Parts of other areas not required for special purposes
may also be used as work words, e.g., LR words not used in a PC Link or Net Link
System.

492

Revision History
A manual revision code appears as a suffix to the catalog number on the front cover of the manual.

Cat. No. W235-E1-05
Revision code
The following table outlines the changes made to the manual during each revision. Page numbers refer to the
previous version.
Revision
code

Date

1

January 1994

2

August 1994

Revised content
Original production
Host Link Commands have been added as Section 10.
Page 5: Available manuals table undated.
Page 16: Paragraph and table added at top of page.
Page 17: New CPU models and indicators graphics added.
Page 19: New C200H CPU capabilities table added.
Page 20: New C200HS CPU capabilities table added.
Pages 31, 381: Functions redefined for SR 264 and SR 265.
Page 34: New information added to SR Area table.
Page 48: First table under 3-5 AR (Auxiliary Relay) Area replaced. AR Area Flags and Control
Bits table corrected.
Page 51: 3-5-4 SYSMAC LINK System Data Link Settings added.
Page 52: 3-5-6 Active Node Flags added.
Page 52: 3-5-7 SYSMAC LINK/SYSMAC NET Link System Service Time (CPU31-E/33-E)
added.
Page 90: 4-6-9 SYSMAC NET Link Table Transfer added.
Page 125: Commands SEND(90) and RECV(98) added to tables.
Page 291: 5-26-1 Network Instructions added.
Page 329: SEND(90) and RECV(98) added to tables.
Page 399: 9-6 Host Link Errors added.
Page 359: New CPU models added.
Page 363: SYSMAC NET Link and SYSMAC LINK models added.
Page 366: SYSMAC NET Link and SYSMAC LINK optical fiber product information added.
Appendix B : Information added to Instructions table.
Appendix C : Information added to Instructions table.
Appendix D : Information added to SR and AR Memory tables.

493

Revision History
Revision
code

Date

Revised content

2A

April 1995

The following instructions have been corrected: ASFT(––) to ASFT(17), XFRB(––) to XFRB(62),
MCMP(––) to MCMP(19), CMPL(––) to CMPL(60), BCMP(––) to BCMP(68), ZCP(––) to ZCP(88),
SEC(––) to SEC(65), HMS(––) to HMS(66), LINE(––) to LINE(63), COLM(––) to COLM(64),
APR(––) to APR(69), INT(––) to INT(89), SCAN(––) to SCAN(18), LMSG(––) to LMSG(47),
TERM(––) to TERM(48), MPRF(––) to MPRF(61), and BCNT(––) to BCNT(67).
Page 7: Internal auxiliary relays Ι and ΙΙ areas renamed and corrected in Increased SR Area.
Page 17: CPU Indicators descriptions corrected.
Page 21: Note added after the table.
Page 23: Functions for pin 5 corrected.
Page 34: Function of bit 09 of word 252 corrected.
Pages 36, 37: Function of bits 08 to 10 of word 269 corrected. Functions of words , 267, 270,
271, 274, and 277 to 279 corrected. Words 298 to 299 added. SYSMAC NET/SYSMAC LINK
System added.
Page 43: RS-232C Port Communications Areas added.
Page 44: “UM” changed to “Ladder Diagram”.
Page 47: Restarting Special I/O Units added.
Page 57: Note added.
Page 83: “PC Unit” corrected to “Main Rack”.
Page 139: Last sentence in Limitations replaced.
Page 154: Note removed.
Page 170: “CB+32” corrected to “CB+31” in the description. The bits for the last five ranges in
the description corrected.
Page 179: Note removed.
Page 180: Note removed. Example corrected.
Pages 196, 197: Notes removed.
Page 240: The operation amount when the SV and PV match corrected from 50% to 0%.
Page 235: Note removed.
Page 241: Second graph corrected. “Step response” corrected to “Ramp response” for the
bottom graph.
Page 242: “Step response” corrected to “Ramp response” for the top graph. Second graph
corrected.
Page 249: “DM 6618” corrected to “DM 6622” in the diagram for Scheduled Interrupts.
Page 250: SYSMAC LINK/SYSMAC NET servicing added to Normal Interrupt Mode (C200H
Compatible). Interrupt response time and Note 1 added to High-speed Interrupt Mode
(C200HS).
Page 271: Resetting Errors rewritten.
Page 275: Third paragraph in the description for 5-25-6 TERMINAL MODE – TERM(––) corrected.
Page 277: Execution time for 5-25-9 GROUP-2 HIGH-DENSITY I/O REFRESH – MPRF(––)
corrected.
Page 282: Note c) corrected.
Pages 293 to 295: RS-232C port information added. Control word and flag information corrected.
Page 297: Hardware rewritten.
Page 298: Text added to Timing. Timing chart corrected.
Page 301: Example corrected.
Pages 302, 304: Word names corrected in Using the Instruction.
Pages 302, 304, 306: Charts corrected in Using the Instruction.
Pages 312 to 317: 6-1 Cycle Time and 6-2 Calculating Cycle Time have been rewritten.
Pages 326 and 327: 6-4 I/O Response Time rewritten.
Page 353: AR area corrected to SR area. Table of corresponding keys added.
Page 355: Section 8 Communications added.
Page 364: Text added to possible correction for Memory Cassette Transfer Error.
Page 366: Text added to possible cause and correction for Too many Units. Communications
Errors added after the table.
Page 367: Error flags added to the table.
Pages 403 to 411: Standard models updated.
Page 423: Data for Special Relay Areas 1 and 2 corrected.
Pages 424 to 427: SR Area table updated to reflect SR Area table in Section 3 Memory
Areas.
Page 429: “DM 0000” corrected to “DM 6001” in DM Area (Error Log) table.
Page 432: RS-232C Port Settings added.

494

Revision History
Revision
code

Date

Revised content

2B

July 1995

2C

August 1996

The Precautions section was added after About this Manual.
Page 88: Special I/O Unit type “N” corrected from Host Link Unit to Position Control
Unit.
Page 110: Ladder diagram corrected for the self-maintaining bit example.
Page 158: ASFT(17) example changed.
Page 191: “Content of the source words is zero” corrected to “Content of a source
word is zero” for the ER Flags.
Page 226: DVB(53) example changed.
Page 280: “SR” added to the first source word of LMSG(47).
Page 395: “Possible correction” for “I/O bus error” corrected.
Page 430: “Command Format” corrected to “Response Format” for 11-3-36 Undefined Command –– IC.

3

May 1999

4

April 2001

05

February 2002

Page 245: Proportional operation diagram corrected.
Page 283: Note and execution time information in 5-25-8 I/O REFRESH – IORF(97)
corrected.
Page 321: C200H-PIDjj added to Special I/O Unit Refresh.
Page xv: Minor change made to precautionary information on mounting.
Page 23: Information on pin number 5 changed.
Pages 140, 144, 145: Information on SV settings added.
Pages 433, 434, 435: Information added to tables in several places.
Page 177: Ladder symbol removed.

The following corrections and additions were made.
Page 6: SYSMAC Support Software added and LSS removed.
Pages 23 and 374: Default communications parameters changed.
Page 26: I/O Terminals and B7A Interface Unit added and macro bits corrected.
Page 31: List of Units that don’t use slot words corrected.
Pages 32, 33, 34, 39, 43, 48, 50: Group-2 B7A Interface Units and I/O Terminals
added.
Page 39: Type of data stored in SR 25108 to SR 25115 corrected to BCD.
Page 44: Section added on Special Unit Error Flag
Pages 45, 46: Mode for SR 26408 to SR 26415 changed.
Page 48: Details added to first table.
Page 52: Heading shortened.
Page 120: Caution added.
Pages 215, 216: Limits for operands clarified/corrected.
Page 243: Caution added.
Pages 243, 244: Variable name changed for Y and corrected variable description.
Page 245: Bottom graphic and related description corrected.
Page 274: Explanation in last paragraph clarified.
Page 283: Execution time corrected for IORF(97).
Pages 299 to 301: CPU models specified in control word contents corrected.
Page 314: Graphic corrected.
Page 336: Description of Host Link Systems expanded.
Page 382: Last argument corrected in application example
Page 405: Top graphic corrected and “frame 2” changed to “frame 3” in second
graphic.
Page 461: Default added for DM 6610 and DM 6618.
Page 462: Settings for DM 6620 bits 00 to 09 and DM 6621 bit 08 to 15 corrected.
Page 463: Default for DM 6654 bits 00 to 07 changed.

495

Index
A
address tracing. See tracing, data tracing.
addresses, in data area: sec3 27
advanced I/O instructions
7-SEGMENT DISPLAY OUTPUT: 5–24 on 305
DIGITAL SWITCH INPUT: 5–24 on 308
functions: 5–24 on 304
HEXADECIMAL KEY INPUT: 5–24 on 312
MATRIX INPUT: 5–24 on 317
TEN-KEY INPUT: 5–24 on 314
application examples: 6–4 on 339
AR area: sec3 48–54
arithmetic flags: 5–1 to 5–14 119
arithmetic operations, flags: sec3 44
ASCII, converting data: 5–18 to 5–19 194 , 195

B
battery, Low Battery Flag: sec3 42
BCD
calculations: 5–18 to 5–19 204–218
converting: sec3 28
definition: sec3 28
binary
calculations: 5–20 to 5–23 219
definition: sec3 28
signed binary: sec3 29
unsigned binary: sec3 29
bits
controlling: 5–1 to 5–14 130
forced set/reset: sec7 349
monitoring: sec7 346–349
buzzer: 4–1 to 4–6 81

C
C200H programs, transferring to C200HS: sec1 11
calendar/clock, dedicated bits: sec3 52
canceling, forced set/reset: sec7 351
channel. See word
checksum, calculating frame checksum: 5–24 on 286
clock, reading and setting: sec7 367
clock pulse bits: sec3 43
communications
host link: sec8 377

node number: sec8 378
link, one-to-one: sec8 382
one-to-one: sec8 383
wiring: sec8 377
constants, operands: 5–1 to 5–14 119
control bit
definition: sec3 27
Output OFF: sec3 42
Control System, definition: sec1 3
controlled system, definition: sec1 3
counters
bits in TC area: sec3 60
changing SV: sec7 362
conditions when reset: 5–1 to 5–14 146 , 149
creating extended timers: 5–1 to 5–14 147

extended: 5–1 to 5–14 147
inputting SV: 4–7 on 94
Power OFF: sec3 54
reversible counters: 5–1 to 5–14 148
CPU: sec2 16
CPU-mounting Device Mounted Flag: sec3 54
operational flow: 6–1 to 6–3 318–319
CPU indicators: sec2 17
CPU Rack, definition: sec2 18
cycle, First Cycle Flag: sec3 43
CYCLE MONITOR TIME, PC Setup: sec3 59
CYCLE TIME, PC Setup: sec3 59
cycle time: 6–1 to 6–3 318–322
calculating: 6–1 to 6–3 322–324
controlling: 5–24 on 279
Cycle Time Indicators: sec3 54
displaying on Programming Console: 4–7 on 98
error flag: sec3 43
flag for SCAN(18): sec3 54

D
data
comparison instructions: 5–15 to 5–17 169–179
converting: sec3 28 ; 5–18 to 5–19 180–203
decrementing: 5–18 to 5–19 204
incrementing: 5–18 to 5–19 204
modifying: sec7 358
modifying binary data: sec7 361
modifying hex/BCD: sec7 352
moving: 5–15 to 5–17 158–169
data area, definition: sec3 25
data areas: appD 453
structure: sec3 27
Data Link table, transferring: 4–1 to 4–6 90
data memory, fixed: sec3 56
data retention
in AR area: sec3 48
in HR area: sec3 60
in IR area: sec3 31
in LR area: sec3 61
in SR area: sec3 33
in TC area: sec3 60
in TR area: sec3 61
data tracing: 5–24 on 280–294
flags and control bits: sec3 54
decimal
converting display between 4-digit hex and decimal: sec7
355
converting display between 8-digit hex and decimal: sec7
356
decrementing: 5–18 to 5–19 204
definers, definition: 5–1 to 5–14 118
delay time, in C500 Remote I/O Systems: 6–4 on 335
differentiated instructions: 5–1 to 5–14 119
function codes: 5–1 to 5–14 118
digit, monitoring: sec7 346
digit numbers: sec3 28
DIP switch: sec2 23
displays
converting between 4-digit hex and decimal: sec7 355
converting between 8-digit hex and decimal: sec7 356

497

Index
converting between hex and ASCII: sec7 354
I/O Unit designations: 4–1 to 4–6 88
Programming Console, English/Japanese switch: 4–1 to
4–6 80
DM area, allocating UM to expansion DM: sec7 366

E
ER. See flag, Instruction Execution Error
error codes, programming: 5–24 on 278
error history, dedicated bits: sec3 51
error messages, programming: 5–24 on 281 , 282
errors
clearing messages: 4–1 to 4–6 85
fatal: sec10 395
history area: sec3 57
initialization: sec10 393
Instruction Execution Error Flag: sec3 44
message tables: sec10 392–396
messages when inputting programs: 4–7 on 96
non-fatal: sec10 393
programming indications: sec10 392
programming messages: 5–24 on 281 , 282
reading and clearing messages: sec10 392
resetting: 5–24 on 279
SR and AR area flags: sec10 397
execution condition, definition: 4–1 to 4–6 66
execution time, instructions: 6–1 to 6–3 324–332
expansion DM, allocating UM to: sec7 366
expansion DM area, allocation: sec3 56
Expansion I/O Rack, definition: sec2 19
expansion instructions: sec1 8 ; 5–1 to 5–14 120 ; appB 446
changing function code assignments: sec7 365
reading function code assignments: sec7 365
expansion keyboard mapping: sec7 367

F
FAL area: sec3 42 ; 5–24 on 278
fatal operating errors: sec10 395
flag
AR and SR area error flags: sec10 397
arithmetic: sec3 44

programming example: 5−15 to 5−17 171 , 173
, 177
CPU-mounting Device Mounted: sec3 54
CY

clearing: 5−18 to 5−19 205
setting: 5−18 to 5−19 205
Cycle Time Error: sec3 43
definition: sec3 27
First Cycle: sec3 43
FPD Trigger Bit: sec3 54
I/O Verification Error: sec3 43
Instruction Execution Error: sec3 44
Link Units: sec3 54
Low Battery: sec3 42
Optical I/O Error: sec3 50
Step: sec3 44
flags
arithmetic: 5–1 to 5–14 119
error and arithmetic: appC 449
signed binary arithmetic: appC 451
floating-point decimal, division: 5–18 to 5–19 214
forced set/reset: sec7 349
canceling: sec7 351–352

498

Forced Status Hold Bit: sec3 41
FORCED STATUS, PC Setup: sec3 59
Frame Check Sequence. See frames, FCS
frame checksum, calculating with FCS(––): 5–24 on 286
frames
dividing

See also host link
precautions: sec11 405
FCS: sec11 405
function codes: 5–1 to 5–14 118
changing expansion instruction function codes: sec7 365
reading expansion instruction function codes: sec7 365

G
Group-2 High-density I/O Units: sec1 4
Group-2 B7A Interface Units, word allocation: sec3 33
Group-2 High-density I/O Units, word allocation: sec3 33

H
hexadecimal, definition: sec3 28
High-density I/O Units. See Group 2 High density I/O Units;
Units
host link
command and response formats: sec11 404
communications

See also host link commands
methods: sec11 403
PC transmission: sec11 406
procedures: sec8 378 ; sec11 403
data transfer: sec11 403
dividing frames: sec11 405
frame

definition: sec11 403
maximum size: sec11 403
node number: sec8 378
setting parameters, start and end codes: sec8 380
host link commands
**: sec11 430
FK: sec11 424
IC: sec11 430
KC: sec11 425
KR: sec11 423
KS: sec11 422
MF: sec11 421
MI: sec11 427
MM: sec11 425
MS: sec11 419
QQ: sec11 427
R#: sec11 414
R$: sec11 415
R%: sec11 416
RC: sec11 408
RD: sec11 409
RG: sec11 409
RH: sec11 408
RJ: sec11 410
RL: sec11 407
RP: sec11 426
RR: sec11 407
SC: sec11 420
TS: sec11 426
W#: sec11 417
W$: sec11 417
W%: sec11 418

Index
WC: sec11 412
WD: sec11 413
WG: sec11 412
WH: sec11 411
WJ: sec11 413
WL: sec11 411
WP: sec11 427
WR: sec11 410
XZ: sec11 429
host link errors: sec11 431
Host Link Systems, error bits and flags: sec3 40
HR area: sec3 60

I
I/O bit
definition: sec3 31
limits: sec3 31
I/O numbers: sec3 33
I/O points, refreshing: 5–24 on 284 , 285
I/O response time, one-to-one link communications: 6–4 on
339
I/O response times: 6–4 on 333
I/O status, maintaining: sec3 42
I/O table
clearing: 4–1 to 4–6 89
reading: 4–1 to 4–6 87
registration: 4–1 to 4–6 84
verification: 4–1 to 4–6 86
Verification Error flag: sec3 43
I/O Units. See Units
I/O word
allocation: sec3 31
definition: sec3 31
limits: sec3 31
incrementing: 5–18 to 5–19 204
indirect addressing: 5–1 to 5–14 119
input bit
application: sec3 31
definition: sec1 3
input device, definition: sec1 3
input point, definition: sec1 3
input signal, definition: sec1 3
instruction set: appB 443
7SEG(––): 5–24 on 304
ADB(50): 5–20 to 5–23 219
ADD(30): 5–18 to 5–19 205
ADDL(54): 5–18 to 5–19 206
AND: 4–1 to 4–6 68 ; 5–1 to 5–14 129

combining with OR: 4−1 to 4−6 69
AND LD: 4–1 to 4–6 71 ; 5–1 to 5–14 130

combining with OR LD: 4−1 to 4−6 73
use in logic blocks: 4−1 to 4−6 72
AND NOT: 4–1 to 4–6 68 ; 5–1 to 5–14 129
ANDW(34): 5–20 to 5–23 250
APR(69): 5–20 to 5–23 239
ASC(86): 5–18 to 5–19 194
ASFT(17): 5–15 to 5–17 157
ASL(25): 5–15 to 5–17 154
ASR(26): 5–15 to 5–17 154
AVG(––): 5–20 to 5–23 235
BCD(24): 5–18 to 5–19 181
BCDL(59): 5–18 to 5–19 182
BCMP(68): 5–15 to 5–17 174
BCNT(67): 5–24 on 286
BIN(23): 5–18 to 5–19 180
BINL(58): 5–18 to 5–19 181

BSET(71): 5–15 to 5–17 160
CLC(41): 5–18 to 5–19 205
CMP(20): 5–15 to 5–17 170
CMPL(60): 5–15 to 5–17 172
CNT: 5–1 to 5–14 145
CNTR(12): 5–1 to 5–14 148
COLL(81): 5–15 to 5–17 164
COLM(64): 5–18 to 5–19 201
COM(29): 5–20 to 5–23 249
CPS(––): 5–15 to 5–17 178
CPSL(––): 5–15 to 5–17 179
DBS(––): 5–20 to 5–23 231
DBSL(––): 5–20 to 5–23 232
DEC(39): 5–18 to 5–19 204
DIFD(14): 4–7 on 109 ; 5–1 to 5–14 131–132

using in interlocks: 5−1 to 5−14 136
using in jumps: 5−1 to 5−14 138
DIFU(13): 4–7 on 109 ; 5–1 to 5–14 131–132

using in interlocks: 5−1 to 5−14 136
using in jumps: 5−1 to 5−14 138
DIST(80): 5–15 to 5–17 162
DIV(33): 5–18 to 5–19 212
DIVL(57): 5–18 to 5–19 213
DMPX(77): 5–18 to 5–19 188
DSW(––): 5–24 on 307
DVB(53): 5–20 to 5–23 224
END(01): 4–1 to 4–6 70 ; 5–1 to 5–14 124 , 138
execution times: 6–1 to 6–3 324–332
FAL(06): 5–24 on 278
FALS(07): 5–24 on 278
FCS(––): 5–24 on 286
FDIV(79): 5–18 to 5–19 214
FPD(––): 5–24 on 288
HEX(––): 5–18 to 5–19 195
HKY(––): 5–24 on 311
HMS(66): 5–18 to 5–19 184
IL(02): 4–7 on 105 ; 5–1 to 5–14 135–137
ILC(03): 4–7 on 105 ; 5–1 to 5–14 135–137
INC(38): 5–18 to 5–19 204
INT(89): 5–20 to 5–23 262
IORF(97): 5–24 on 284
JME(05): 5–1 to 5–14 137
JMP(04): 5–1 to 5–14 137
JMP(04) and JME(05): 4–7 on 107
KEEP(11): 5–1 to 5–14 133

in controlling bit status: 4−7 on 109
ladder instructions: 4–1 to 4–6 67
LD: 4–1 to 4–6 68 ; 5–1 to 5–14 129
LD NOT: 4–1 to 4–6 68 ; 5–1 to 5–14 129
LINE(63): 5–18 to 5–19 200
LMSG(47): 5–24 on 282
MAX(––): 5–20 to 5–23 233
MBS(––): 5–20 to 5–23 229
MBSL(––): 5–20 to 5–23 230
MCMP(19): 5–15 to 5–17 169
MCRO(99): 5–20 to 5–23 260
MIN(––): 5–20 to 5–23 234
MLB(52): 5–20 to 5–23 224
MLPX(76): 5–18 to 5–19 185
MOV(21): 5–15 to 5–17 159
MOVB(82): 5–15 to 5–17 166
MOVD(83): 5–15 to 5–17 167
MPRF(61): 5–24 on 285
MSG(46): 5–24 on 281
MTR(––): 5–24 on 316
MUL(32): 5–18 to 5–19 211
MULL(56): 5–18 to 5–19 212
MVN(22): 5–15 to 5–17 159
NOP(00): 5–1 to 5–14 138
NOT: 4–1 to 4–6 66
operands: 4–1 to 4–6 64

499

Index
OR: 4–1 to 4–6 69 ; 5–1 to 5–14 129

combining with AND: 4−1 to 4−6 69
OR LD: 4–1 to 4–6 72 ; 5–1 to 5–14 130

combining with AND LD: 4−1 to 4−6 73
use in logic blocks: 4−1 to 4−6 73
OR NOT: 4–1 to 4–6 69 ; 5–1 to 5–14 129
ORW(35): 5–20 to 5–23 251
OUT: 4–1 to 4–6 70 ; 5–1 to 5–14 130
OUT NOT: 4–1 to 4–6 70 ; 5–1 to 5–14 130
PID(––): 5–20 to 5–23 242
RECV(98): 5–24 on 296
RET(93): 5–20 to 5–23 259
ROL(27): 5–15 to 5–17 155
ROOT(72): 5–18 to 5–19 217
ROR(28): 5–15 to 5–17 155
RSET: 5–1 to 5–14 133
RXD(––): 5–24 on 300
SBB(51): 5–20 to 5–23 221
SBN(92): 5–20 to 5–23 259
SBS(91): 5–20 to 5–23 257
SCAN(18): 5–24 on 279
SCL(––): 5–18 to 5–19 198
SDEC(78): 5–18 to 5–19 191
SEC(65): 5–18 to 5–19 183
SEND(90): 5–24 on 294
SET: 5–1 to 5–14 133
SFT(10): 5–15 to 5–17 150
SFTR(84): 5–15 to 5–17 152
SLD(74): 5–15 to 5–17 156
SNXT(09): 5–24 on 269
SRCH(––): 5–24 on 292 , 293
SRD(75): 5–15 to 5–17 156
STC(40): 5–18 to 5–19 205
STEP(08): 5–24 on 269
SUB(31): 5–18 to 5–19 207
SUBL(55): 5–18 to 5–19 209
SUM(––): 5–20 to 5–23 237
TCMP(85): 5–15 to 5–17 175
TERM(48): 4–1 to 4–6 78 ; 5–24 on 283
terminology: 4–1 to 4–6 64
TIM: 5–1 to 5–14 139
TIMH(15): 5–1 to 5–14 143
TKY(––): 5–24 on 314
TRSM(45): 5–24 on 280
TTIM(87): 5–1 to 5–14 144
TXD(––): 5–24 on 302
WDT(94): 5–24 on 284
WSFT(16): 5–15 to 5–17 157
XCHG(73): 5–15 to 5–17 162
XFER(70): 5–15 to 5–17 161
XFRB(62): 5–15 to 5–17 168
XNRW(37): 5–20 to 5–23 253
XORW(36): 5–20 to 5–23 252
ZCP(88): 5–15 to 5–17 176
ZCPL(––): 5–15 to 5–17 177
instruction sets
ADBL(––): 5–20 to 5–23 225
NEG(––): 5–18 to 5–19 202
NEGL(––): 5–18 to 5–19 203
SBBL(––): 5–20 to 5–23 227
instructions
advanced I/O: 5–24 on 304
designations when inputting: 4–7 on 94
instruction set lists: 5–1 to 5–14 125
IORF(97): 6–4 on 339
mnemonics list, ladder: 5–1 to 5–14 125
instructions tables: sec1 8
interlocks: 5–1 to 5–14 135–137
using self-maintaining bits: 4–7 on 109

500

interrupts: 5–20 to 5–23 253
control: 5–20 to 5–23 262
IOM data, reading/writing Memory Cassette data: sec9 387
IOM HOLD BIT STATUS, PC Setup: sec3 59
IR area: sec3 31–33

J
jump numbers: 5–1 to 5–14 137
jumps: 5–1 to 5–14 137–138

K
keyboard mapping: sec7 368
expansion keyboard mapping: sec7 367

L
ladder diagram
branching: 4–7 on 103

IL(02) and ILC(03): 4−7 on 105
using TR bits: 4−7 on 103
controlling bit status

using DIFU(13) and DIFD(14): 4−7 on 109 ;
5−1 to 5−14 131132
using KEEP(11): 5−1 to 5−14 133139
using OUT and OUT NOT: 4−1 to 4−6 70
using SET and RSET: 5−1 to 5−14 133
converting to mnemonic code: 4–1 to 4–6 66–78
display via LSS: 4–1 to 4–6 65
instructions

combining, AND LD and OR LD: 4−1 to 4−6
73
controlling bit status
using KEEP(11): 4−7 on 109
using OUT and OUT NOT: 5−1 to 5−14 130
format: 5−1 to 5−14 118
notation: 5–1 to 5–14 118
structure: 4–1 to 4–6 65
using logic blocks: 4–1 to 4–6 71
ladder diagram instructions: 5–1 to 5–14 129–130
Ladder Support Software. See peripheral devices
LEDs. See CPU indicators
leftmost, definition: sec3 27
Link System, flags and control bits: sec3 39–41
Link Units
See also Units
flags: sec3 54
PC cycle time: 6–1 to 6–3 323
logic block instructions, converting to mnemonic code: 4–1 to
4–6 71–77
logic blocks. See ladder diagram
logic instructions: 5–20 to 5–23 249–253
LR area: sec3 61
LSS. See peripheral devices

M
mapping, expansion keyboard mapping: sec7 367
memory all clear: 4–1 to 4–6 82

Index
memory areas: appD 453
clearing: 4–1 to 4–6 82
definition: sec3 25
Memory Cassette, installing: sec2 21
Memory Cassettes
transferring C200H programs: sec1 11
UM Area/IOM data: sec9 386
memory clear: 4–1 to 4–6 84
memory partial clear: 4–1 to 4–6 83
messages, programming: 5–24 on 281 , 282
mnemonic code, converting: 4–1 to 4–6 66–78
models, C200HS: appA 433
modifying data, hex/binary: sec7 352
monitoring
binary: sec7 359
differentiation monitoring: sec7 357
monitoring 3 words: sec7 358
mounting Units, location: sec2 19

N
nesting, subroutines: 5–20 to 5–23 258
non-fatal operating errors: sec10 393
normally closed condition, definition: 4–1 to 4–6 66
NOT, definition: 4–1 to 4–6 66

O
one-to-one link, wiring: sec8 382
one-to-one link communications, I/O response timing: 6–4 on
339
operand bit: 4–1 to 4–6 66
operands: 5–1 to 5–14 118
allowable designations: 5–1 to 5–14 118
requirements: 5–1 to 5–14 118
operating modes: 4–1 to 4–6 80
operation, preparations: 4–1 to 4–6 80–91
Optical I/O Unit, Error flag: sec3 50
output bit
application: sec3 31
controlling, via Output OFF bit: sec3 42
controlling ON/OFF time: 5–1 to 5–14 131
controlling status: 4–7 on 108 , 109
definition: sec1 3
output device, definition: sec1 3
output point, definition: sec1 3
output signal, definition: sec1 3

P
password, entering on Programming Console: 4–1 to 4–6 81
PC
configuration: sec2 18
definition: sec1 3
flowchart: 6–1 to 6–3 319
PC Link Systems
error bits and flags: sec3 40–41
LR area application: sec3 61
PC Setup: sec3 58
default: sec3 58
PC SETUP, HEX INPUT: sec3 59
peripheral devices: sec1 5
Ladder Support Software (LSS): sec1 5
Programming Console: sec1 5 ; 4–1 to 4–6 78–80

peripheral port, communications
receiving: sec8 381
transmitting: sec8 380
power supply, Power OFF Counter: sec3 54
precautions, general: PLP xiii
present value. See PV
program execution: 4–7 on 114
Program Memory
setting address and reading content: 4–7 on 92–93
structure: 4–1 to 4–6 66
programming
checks for syntax: 4–7 on 96–98
entering and editing: 4–7 on 93
example, using shift register: 5–15 to 5–17 151
inputting, modifying and checking: 4–7 on 92–108
inserting and deleting instructions: 4–7 on 100–102
instructions: appB 443
jumps: 4–7 on 107
precautions: 4–7 on 112
preparing data in data areas: 5–15 to 5–17 160
searching: 4–7 on 99–100
setting and reading from memory address: 4–7 on 92
simplification with differentiated instructions: 5–1 to 5–14
132
writing: 4–1 to 4–6 64
Programming Console: 4–1 to 4–6 78–80
See also peripheral devices
programs, transferring from C200H: sec1 11
PV
accessing via PC area: sec3 60
CNTR(12): 5–1 to 5–14 149
timers and counters: 5–1 to 5–14 139

R
Racks, types: sec2 18
Remote I/O Systems, error bits and flags: sec3 39
response time calculations, C500 PCs: 6–4 on 337
response times, I/O: 6–4 on 333–343
rightmost, definition: sec3 27
RS-232C
communications

onetoone link: sec8 382
procedures: sec8 379
receiving: sec8 381
transmitting: sec8 380
connecting Units: sec8 382
RS-232C connector: sec2 17
RS-232C port, wiring example: sec8 377
RS-232C SETUP, PC Setup: sec3 59

S
self-maintaining bits, using KEEP(11): 5–1 to 5–14 134
set value. See SV
settings
communications, host link: sec8 377
PC Setup: sec3 58
seven-segment displays, converting data: 5–18 to 5–19 191
shift registers: 5–15 to 5–17 150–158
controlling individual bits: 5–15 to 5–17 151
signed binary arithmetic flags: appC 451
signed binary data: sec3 29
Special I/O Unit Default Area: sec3 56

501

Index
Special I/O Units. See Units
SR area: sec3 33–48
stack operation
COLL(81): 5–15 to 5–17 164
DIST(80): 5–15 to 5–17 162
STARTUP MODE, PC Setup: sec3 59
STARTUP SETTINGS, PC Setup: sec3 59
status indicators. See CPU indicators
step execution, Step flag: sec3 44
step instructions: 5–24 on 269–278
subroutine number: 5–20 to 5–23 259
subroutines: 5–20 to 5–23 253–265
SV
accessing via TC area: sec3 60
changing: sec7 362
CNTR(12): 5–1 to 5–14 149
timers and counters: 5–1 to 5–14 139
switches, DIP. See DIP switch
SYSMAC LINK, loop status and completion codes: sec3 37
SYSMAC LINK System
Active Node Flags: sec3 52
instructions: 5–24 on 294
service time: sec3 52
SYSMAC NET, loop status and completion codes: sec3 37
SYSMAC NET Link System
Data Link Table transferring: 4–1 to 4–6 90
instructions: 5–24 on 294
service time: sec3 52

T
TC area: sec3 60
TC numbers: sec3 60 ; 5–1 to 5–14 139
TERMINAL mode: 4–1 to 4–6 78
Key Bits: sec3 53
time, reading and setting the clock: sec7 367

502

timers
bits in TC area: sec3 60
changing SV: sec7 362
conditions when reset: 5–1 to 5–14 140 , 144

TTIM(120): 5−1 to 5−14 145
example using CMP(20): 5–15 to 5–17 171
extended timers: 5–1 to 5–14 141
flicker bits: 5–1 to 5–14 143
inputting SV: 4–7 on 94
ON/OFF delays: 5–1 to 5–14 141
one-shot bits: 5–1 to 5–14 142
TR area: sec3 61
TR bits, use in branching: 4–7 on 103
tracing
See also See data tracing and address tracing.
flags and control bits: sec3 54

U
UM Area
allocation to expansion DM: sec7 366
reading/writing Memory Cassette data: sec9 386
UM area: sec3 61
Units
definition: sec1 3
High-density I/O Units, definition: sec1 4
I/O Units, definition: sec1 3
Link Units, definition: sec1 4
Special I/O Units, definition: sec1 4
unsigned binary data: sec3 29

W
watchdog timer: 6–1 to 6–3 321
extending: 5–24 on 284
word bit, definition: sec3 27
work word, definition: sec3 27
Source Exif Data: 
File Type                       : PDF
File Type Extension             : pdf
MIME Type                       : application/pdf
PDF Version                     : 1.3
Linearized                      : Yes
Create Date                     : 2002:04:03 08:01:47Z
Modify Date                     : 2002:09:03 11:52:17+02:00
Page Count                      : 504
Page Mode                       : UseOutlines
Page Layout                     : SinglePage
Creation Date                   : 2002:04:03 08:01:47Z
Producer                        : Acrobat Distiller Command 3.0 for Solaris 2.3 and later (SPARC)
Author                          : mt2
Mod Date                        : 2002:04:03 09:55:21+03:00
Metadata Date                   : 2002:04:03 09:55:21+03:00
Title                           : w235e15*
Creator                         : mt2
EXIF Metadata provided by EXIF.tools

Navigation menu