PBE Europe as Axell Wireless 50-1272SERIES VHF Bi Directional Amplifier type 50-127201 User Manual
Axell Wireless VHF Bi Directional Amplifier type 50-127201
User manual
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| Document Description | User manual |
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| Date Submitted | 2006-01-31 00:00:00 |
| Date Available | 2006-01-31 00:00:00 |
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| Document Author: | Dan |
VHF Headstation Bi-Directional and In-line Amplifiers User Handbook For Motorola Alaska AFL Works Order Nō.: Q112856 AFL product part Nō.: 50-127201 (Bi-Directional Amplifier) 50-127202 (In-Line Amplifier) VHF Headstation & In-Line Amplifiers User Handbook Handbook Nō.-50-127201FCC Issue No:-A Date:-14/06/2005 Page:-1 of 45 Table of Contents AMENDMENT LIST RECORD SHEET ...................................................................................................4 INTRODUCTION.........................................................................................................................................5 Scope ........................................................................................................................................................................... 5 Purpose ....................................................................................................................................................................... 5 Glossary of Terms...................................................................................................................................................... 6 Key to AFL RF Module Drawing Symbols ............................................................................................................. 7 1. SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS.........................................................................................................8 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 2. 3. Earthing of Equipment ................................................................................................................................ 8 Electric Shock Hazard.................................................................................................................................. 8 RF Radiation Hazard ................................................................................................................................... 9 Chemical Hazard ........................................................................................................................................ 10 Emergency Contact Numbers.................................................................................................................... 10 OVERVIEW/SYSTEM DESCRIPTION .......................................................................................11 VHF AMPLIFIERS .........................................................................................................................12 3.1 VHF Headstation Bi-Directional Amplifier ............................................................................................. 12 3.1.1 VHF Headstation Bi-Directional Amplifier Description .......................................................................... 12 3.1.2 VHF Headstation Bi-Directional Amplifier Electrical Specifications...................................................... 12 3.1.3 VHF Headstation Bi-Directional Amplifier Mechanical Specifications................................................... 13 3.1.4 VHF Headstation Bi-Directional Amplifier System Diagram .................................................................. 14 3.1.5 VHF Headstation Bi-Directional Amplifier Parts List ............................................................................. 15 3.2 VHF In-Line Amplifier Description.......................................................................................................... 17 3.2.1 VHF In-Line Amplifier Electrical Specifications...................................................................................... 17 3.2.2 VHF In-Line Amplifier Mechanical Specifications................................................................................... 18 3.2.3 VHF In-Line Amplifier System Diagram .................................................................................................. 19 3.2.4 VHF In-Line Amplifier Parts List ............................................................................................................. 20 4. SUB-UNIT MODULES....................................................................................................................22 4.1 4.1.1 4.1.2 4.2 4.2.1 4.2.2 4.3 4.3.1 4.3.2 4.4 4.4.1 4.4.2 4.4.3 4.5 4.5.1 4.5.2 4.6 4.6.1 4.6.2 4.7 4.7.2 4.8 4.8.1 4.8.2 4.9 Bandpass Filter (01-002503) ...................................................................................................................... 22 Description ............................................................................................................................................... 22 Technical Specification............................................................................................................................. 22 VHF 30dB Coupler (07-000108)................................................................................................................ 23 Description ............................................................................................................................................... 23 Technical Specification............................................................................................................................. 23 ¼Watt 0- -30dB Switched Attenuator (10-000701).................................................................................. 24 Switched Attenuators ................................................................................................................................ 24 Remote Attenuators (10-001201).............................................................................................................. 24 VHF/UHF Low Noise Amplifier (11-006002)........................................................................................... 25 Description ............................................................................................................................................... 25 Technical Specification............................................................................................................................. 25 LNA ‘D’ Connector Pin-out details .......................................................................................................... 25 10Watt Power Amplifier (12-002001) ....................................................................................................... 26 Description ............................................................................................................................................... 26 Technical Specification............................................................................................................................. 26 3 Stage Amplifier Alarm Board (12-002201)............................................................................................ 27 Description ............................................................................................................................................... 27 Technical Specification............................................................................................................................. 28 Single DC/DC Converter (13-001710)....................................................................................................... 29 Technical Specification............................................................................................................................. 29 Automatic Gain Control (17-001101, det. & 17-001201, atten.)............................................................. 30 Description ............................................................................................................................................... 30 Technical Specification............................................................................................................................. 31 Controller/Monitor Board (17-006801) .................................................................................................... 32 VHF Headstation & In-Line Amplifiers User Handbook Handbook Nō.-50-127201FCC Issue No:-A Date:-14/06/2005 Page:-2 of 45 4.9.1 Description ............................................................................................................................................... 32 4.9.2 Drg. Nō. 17-006880, Controller/Monitor PCB Pin-Outs......................................................................... 33 4.10 24V Single Relay Board (80-008902) ........................................................................................................ 34 4.10.1 Description ........................................................................................................................................... 34 4.11 24V, 400W Power Supply Pack (96-300054) ............................................................................................ 34 4.11.1 Description ........................................................................................................................................... 34 4.11.2 Technical Specification......................................................................................................................... 34 4.12 STPS12045TV 60A Dual Diode Assembly................................................................................................ 35 4.12.1 Description ........................................................................................................................................... 35 4.13 MT2834ZDXK 56kBPS Modem (96-800003)........................................................................................... 35 4.13.1 Description ........................................................................................................................................... 35 5. 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 6. INSTALLATION & COMMISSIONING......................................................................................36 Initial Installation Record.......................................................................................................................... 36 Antenna Installation & Gain Calculations ............................................................................................... 36 Antenna Isolation........................................................................................................................................ 37 General Remarks........................................................................................................................................ 38 Electrical Connections................................................................................................................................ 38 RF Connections........................................................................................................................................... 38 RS232 Setup ................................................................................................................................................ 39 MAINTENANCE .............................................................................................................................40 6.1 General Procedures .................................................................................................................................... 40 6.1.1 Quick Fault Checklist ............................................................................................................................... 40 6.1.2 Fault Finding............................................................................................................................................ 40 6.1.3 Downlink................................................................................................................................................... 41 6.1.4 Uplink ....................................................................................................................................................... 41 6.1.5 Fault repair............................................................................................................................................... 41 6.1.6 Checking service....................................................................................................................................... 42 6.1.7 Service Support......................................................................................................................................... 42 6.2 Tools & Test Equipment ............................................................................................................................ 42 6.3 Care of Modules.......................................................................................................................................... 43 6.3.1 General Comments ................................................................................................................................... 43 6.3.2 Module Removal (LNA’s, general procedure): ........................................................................................ 43 6.3.3 Module Replacement (general): ............................................................................................................... 43 6.3.4 Power Amplifiers ...................................................................................................................................... 43 6.3.5 Low Power Amplifier Replacement .......................................................................................................... 44 6.3.6 Module Transportation: ........................................................................................................................... 44 APPENDIX A INITIAL EQUIPMENT SET-UP CALCULATIONS.................................................45 VHF Headstation & In-Line Amplifiers User Handbook Handbook Nō.-50-127201FCC Issue No:-A Date:-14/06/2005 Page:-3 of 45 AMENDMENT LIST RECORD SHEET Issue Nō. Date Incorporated by 14/06/2005 CMH Page No.’s Amended Reason for new issue 1st Draft Document Ref:-50-127201HBK VHF Headstation & In-Line Amplifiers User Handbook Handbook Nō.-50-127201FCC Issue No:-A Date:-14/06/2005 Page:-4 of 45 INTRODUCTION Scope This handbook is for use solely with the equipment identified by the AFL Part Number shown on the front cover. It is not to be used with any other equipment unless specifically authorised by Aerial Facilities Limited. Purpose The purpose of this handbook is to provide the user/maintainer with sufficient information to service and repair the equipment to the level agreed. Maintenance and adjustments to any deeper level must be performed by AFL, normally at the company’s repair facility in Chesham, England. This handbook has been prepared in accordance with BS 4884, and AFL’s Quality procedures, which maintain the company’s registration to BS EN ISO 9001:2000 and to the R&TTE Directive of the European Parliament. Copies of the relevant certificates and the company Quality Manual can be supplied on application to the Quality Manager. This document fulfils the relevant requirements of Article 6 of the R&TTE Directive. Limitation of Information Notice This manual is written for the use of technically competent operators/service persons. No liability is accepted by AFL for use or misuse of this manual, the information contained therein, or the consequences of any actions resulting from the use of the said information, including, but not limited to, descriptive, procedural, typographical, arithmetical, or listing errors. Furthermore, AFL does not warrant the absolute accuracy of the information contained within this manual, or it’s completeness, fitness for purpose, or scope. AFL has a policy of continuous product development and enhancement, and as such, reserves the right to amend, alter, update and generally change the contents, appearance and pertinence of this document without notice. All AFL products carry a twelve month warranty from date of shipment. The warranty is expressly on a return to base repair or exchange basis and the warranty cover does not extend to on-site repair or complete unit exchange. VHF Headstation & In-Line Amplifiers User Handbook Handbook Nō.-50-127201FCC Issue No:-A Date:-14/06/2005 Page:-5 of 45 Glossary of Terms Repeater or Cell Enhancer Band Selective Repeater Channel Selective Repeater AC AGC BBU BTS CEMS C/NR DC Downlink (D/L) FO GND ID LED LNA LPA MOU M.S. MTBF N/A N/C OFR OIP3 PA RF RSA Rx S/N Tx Uplink (U/L) VSWR WDM A Radio Frequency (RF) amplifier which can simultaneously amplify and re-broadcast Mobile Station (MS) and Base Transceiver Station (BTS) signals. A Cell Enhancer designed for operation on a range of channels within a specified frequency band. A Cell Enhancer, designed for operation on specified channel(s) within a specified frequency band. Channel frequencies may be factory set or on-site programmable. Alternating Current Automatic Gain Control Battery Backup Unit Base Transceiver Station Coverage Enhanced Management System Carrier-to-Noise Ratio Direct Current RF signals Tx from the BTS to the Master Site Fibre Optic Ground Identification Number Light Emitting Diode Low Noise Amplifier Low Power Amplifier Master Optical Unit Mobile Station Mean Time Between Failures Not Applicable No Connection On Frequency Repeater Output Third Order Intercept Point = RFout +(C/I)/2 Power Amplifier Radio Frequency Receiver/Splitter Amplifier Receiver Serial Number Transmitter RF signals transmitted from the MS to the BTS Voltage Standing Wave Ratio Wave division multiplex VHF Headstation & In-Line Amplifiers User Handbook Handbook Nō.-50-127201FCC Issue No:-A Date:-14/06/2005 Page:-6 of 45 Key to AFL RF Module Drawing Symbols VHF Headstation & In-Line Amplifiers User Handbook Handbook Nō.-50-127201FCC Issue No:-A Date:-14/06/2005 Page:-7 of 45 1. SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS 1.1 Earthing of Equipment Cell Enhancers supplied from the mains must be connected to grounded outlets and earthed in conformity with appropriate local, national and international electricity supply and safety regulations. 1.2 Electric Shock Hazard Electrical shocks due to faulty mains driven power supplies. Whilst ever potentially present in any electrical equipment, such a condition would be minimised by quality installation practice and thorough testing at: a) Original assembly b) Commissioning c) Regular intervals, thereafter. All test equipment to be in good working order prior to its use. High current power supplies can be dangerous because of the possibility of substantial arcing. Always switch off during disconnection and reconnection. VHF Headstation & In-Line Amplifiers User Handbook Handbook Nō.-50-127201FCC Issue No:-A Date:-14/06/2005 Page:-8 of 45 1.3 RF Radiation Hazard RF radiation, (especially at UHF frequencies) arising from transmitter outputs connected to AFL’s equipment, must be considered a safety hazard. This condition might only occur in the event of cable disconnection, or because a ‘spare’ output has been left unterminated. Either of these conditions would impair the system’s efficiency. No investigation should be carried out until all RF power sources have been removed. This would always be a wise precaution, despite the severe mismatch between the impedance of an N type connector at 50Ω, and that of free space at 377Ω, which would severely mitigate against the efficient radiation of RF power. Radio frequency burns could also be a hazard, if any RF power carrying components were to be carelessly touched! Antenna positions should be chosen to comply with requirements (both local & statutory) regarding exposure of personnel to RF radiation. When connected to an antenna, the unit is capable of producing RF field strengths, which may exceed guideline safe values especially if used with antennas having appreciable gain. In this regard the use of directional antennas with backscreens and a strict site rule that personnel must remain behind the screen while the RF power is on, is strongly recommended. Where the equipment is used near power lines, or in association with temporary masts not having lightning protection, the use of a safety earth connected to the case-earthing bolt is strongly advised. VHF Headstation & In-Line Amplifiers User Handbook Handbook Nō.-50-127201FCC Issue No:-A Date:-14/06/2005 Page:-9 of 45 1.4 Chemical Hazard Beryllium Oxide, also known as Beryllium Monoxide, or Thermalox™, is sometimes used in devices within equipment produced by Aerial Facilities Ltd. Beryllium oxide dust can be toxic if inhaled, leading to chronic respiratory problems. It is harmless if ingested or by contact. Products that contain beryllium are load terminations (dummy loads) and some power amplifiers. These products can be identified by a yellow and black “skull and crossbones” danger symbol (shown above). They are marked as hazardous in line with international regulations, but pose no threat under normal circumstances. Only if a component containing beryllium oxide has suffered catastrophic failure, or exploded, will there be any danger of the formation of dust. Any dust that has been created will be contained within the equipment module as long as the module remains sealed. For this reason, any module carrying the yellow and black danger sign should not be opened. If the equipment is suspected of failure, or is at the end of its life-cycle, it must be returned to Aerial Facilities Ltd for disposal. To return such equipment, please contact the Quality Department, who will give you a Returned Materials Authorisation (RMA) number. Please quote this number on the packing documents, and on all correspondence relating to the shipment. PolyTetraFluoroEthylene, (P.T.F.E.) and P.T.F.E. Composite Materials Many modules/components in AFL equipment contain P.T.F.E. as part of the RF insulation barrier. This material should never be heated to the point where smoke or fumes are evolved. Any person feeling drowsy after coming into contact with P.T.F.E. especially dust or fumes should seek medical attention. 1.5 Emergency Contact Numbers The AFL Quality Department can be contacted on: Telephone Fax e-mail +44 (0)1494 777000 +44 (0)1494 777002 qa@aerial.co.uk VHF Headstation & In-Line Amplifiers User Handbook Handbook Nō.-50-127201FCC Issue No:-A Date:-14/06/2005 Page:-10 of 45 2. OVERVIEW/SYSTEM DESCRIPTION The Headstation BDA and the In-Line amplifier equipment is designed to be air interfaced towards the local BTS and provide a single output to an LCX antenna cable. Automatic gain control in both paths (channel selective module in downlink path has internal AGC) keeps the signal level from overloading the amplifiers should a mobile be operated close to the LCX antenna. Alarms are provided for each amplifier and these terminate in a RS232 compatible digital PCB with an output suitable for an off-air modem (as in this case) or a local PC running a suitable terminal emulation program. The RS232 PCB is also capable of varying the gain in each path via remotely switchable 0-30dB attenuators. This is in addition to the 0-30dB of attenuation which is available locally. VHF Headstation & In-Line Amplifiers User Handbook Handbook Nō.-50-127201FCC Issue No:-A Date:-14/06/2005 Page:-11 of 45 3. VHF AMPLIFIERS 3.1 VHF Headstation Bi-Directional Amplifier 3.1.1 VHF Headstation Bi-Directional Amplifier Description See section 2. 3.1.2 VHF Headstation Bi-Directional Amplifier Electrical Specifications PARAMETER Frequency range: Uplink channel frequency: Passband ripple: Gain: Gain Adjustment: Uplink Power: Downlink Power: Downlink OIP3: Uplink OIP3: Downlink 1dB compression point: Uplink 1dB compression point: In-Band Spurious noise: Downlink: AGC: Uplink: Noise Figure: VSWR: RF Connectors: operational: Temperature range: storage: Alarms Fitted: (volt-free contacts/TTL) SPECIFICATION 137-143MHz (Downlink) 154-156MHz (Uplink) 155MHz ±0.75MHz ±1.5dB >95dB 0 - 30dB (in 2dB steps) >10Watts >10Watts +50dBm +45dBm +38dBm +35dBm <-36dBm (30kHz B/W) +37dBm +34dBm <6dB better than 1.5:1 N type, female -10°C to +60°C -40°C to +70°C Amplifiers PSU Door Intrusion Over temperature VHF Headstation & In-Line Amplifiers User Handbook Handbook Nō.-50-127201FCC Issue No:-A Date:-14/06/2005 Page:-12 of 45 3.1.3 VHF Headstation Bi-Directional Amplifier Mechanical Specifications PARAMETER SPECIFICATION Height: 620mm Case size Width: 620mm Depth: 250mm (excluding heatsinks, connectors, handles and feet) Fixings: 4 holes on 670(w) x 558(h)mm Temperature range: Operational: -10°C to +60°C Storage: -40°C to +70°C Weight: >30kg (two-man-lift) RF Connectors: N type female Environmental Protection: IP65 (with door closed and all ports terminated) Case: Painted to RAL 7035 Finish: Heatsinks: Matt black (where fitted) Handles: Black technopolymer Unit supplied with suitable supply input leads with Supply Cable: connector and appropriate length of cable VHF Headstation & In-Line Amplifiers User Handbook Handbook Nō.-50-127201FCC Issue No:-A Date:-14/06/2005 Page:-13 of 45 Handbook Nō.-50-127201FCC 11-006002 Issue No:-A dB 10-000703 10-001201 dB 17-011402 137-143MHz dB 154-156MHz 01-002603 dB 137-143MHz 11-006002 01-002603 12-002001 17-001201 10-001201 10-000703 dB 155MHz(1.5MHz) 11-006002 11-006002 11-006002 12-002001 01-002603 17-001101 137-143MHz 01-002603 154-156MHz 01-002603 3.1.4 VHF Headstation Bi-Directional Amplifier System Diagram VHF Headstation & In-Line Amplifiers User Handbook Date:-14/06/2005 Page:-14 of 45 3.1.5 VHF Headstation Bi-Directional Amplifier Parts List AFL Part Nō. 01-002603 07-001801 10-000703 10-001201 11-006002 12-002001 12-002201 12-002220 12-002826 13-001704 13-001710 13-003301 17-000526 17-001101 17-001201 17-002020K 17-006801 17-006820 17-011402 20-001602 80-032320 80-310420 90-100003 90-300045 90-400013 91-030002 91-100003 91-130001 91-500011 91-500013 91-500015 91-510035 91-510036 91-520032 91-600014 91-620001 91-620006 91-700008 91-700017 92-120009 94-100004 96-300054 Part Description FILTER VHF H/B 8 SMA S 100W POWER MONITOR VHF SINGLE DC OUTPUT 1/4W0-30dB SWITCHED ATTENUATOR ATTEN.SWTCH REMOTE D TYPE 30dB LNA VHF 70-500MHz WITH RELAY PWR AMP 10W 100-250MHz SMA CON 3 STAGE AMPLIFIER ALARM BOARD 3 STAGE ALARM PCB COVER ALARM BOARD ACRYLIC LENS VOLTAGE REGULATOR BOARD 9.0V VOLTAGE REGULATOR BOARD 5.0V MAINS FILTER 8AMP ASSEMBLY CE 10/20W HEATSINK THERMAL GASKET CELL ENHANCER AGC DETECTOR/AMP ASS C/E AGC UNIT ATTENUATOR ASSY 620x620x250 ENCLOSURE 2 H/S KIT CONTROLLER/MONITOR BOARD, 24V COVER FOR CONTROLLER/MON PCB CHAN MOD 150-170 MHz 1.5 MHz BW 24V RELAY BOARD 10W PA HEATSINK BCC 400W POWER SUPPLY HEATSINK MAINS LEAD '6 AMP' BATT.BACKUP LEADS (2 CE/BBU ALARM LINK LEAD 4 CORE N ADAPTOR PANEL FEMALE:FEMALE SMA PLUG ELBOW UT-141 SMA ADAPT 'T' ALL FEMALE 3 GHZ PWR 3POLE PNL PLUG SEALED IP68 PWR 2POLE PNL PLUG SEALED IP68 PWR CON CAP SEALED with INT. THREAD 3 WAY MATE N LOK PLUG HOUSING PWR 6POLE PANEL SOCKET SEALED IP68 MATE N LOK SOCKET CONTACT 20/14 AWG 'D' 9 WAY SOCKET S/B (NON FILTERED) 'D' 25 WAY SOCKET S/B TERM 'D' 25 WAY CONNECTOR SHELL ICD 5 WAY 0.1' IDC CONNECTOR ICD 15 WAY 0.1' CONNECTOR M20 IP68 CABLE GLAND STPS12045TV 60A DUAL DIODE 24V 17A PSU 400W (XP BCC) Qty. VHF Headstation & In-Line Amplifiers User Handbook Handbook Nō.-50-127201FCC Issue No:-A Date:-14/06/2005 Page:-15 of 45 96-700034 96-700035 96-800003 96-900017 96-920011 96-920012 97-300010 97-300028 97-900004 LED RED 5mm IP67 LED GREEN 5mm IP67 MT2834ZDXK 56kBPS MODEM WORLD AC TRIP SWITCH (3 AMP M.C.B.) PROXIMITY SWITCH PROXIMITY SWITCH MAGNET C/E SUPPLY INPUT COVER DC BOX 24V ATO TYPE 2 ASSEMBLY RUBBER FOOT FOR CELL ENHANCERS VHF Headstation & In-Line Amplifiers User Handbook Handbook Nō.-50-127201FCC Issue No:-A Date:-14/06/2005 Page:-16 of 45 3.2 VHF In-Line Amplifier Description The In-line amplifier is almost identical to the Headstation BDA except it has lower gain. 3.2.1 VHF In-Line Amplifier Electrical Specifications PARAMETER Frequency range: Uplink channel frequency: Passband ripple: Gain: Gain Adjustment: Uplink Power: Downlink Power: Downlink OIP3: Uplink OIP3: Downlink 1dB compression point: Uplink 1dB compression point: In-Band Spurious noise: Downlink: AGC: Uplink: Noise Figure: VSWR: RF Connectors: operational: Temperature range: storage: Alarms Fitted: (volt-free contacts/TTL) SPECIFICATION 137-143MHz (Downlink) 154-156MHz (Uplink) 155MHz ±0.75MHz ±1.5dB >30dB 0 - 30dB (in 2dB steps) >10Watts >10Watts +50dBm +45dBm +38dBm +35dBm <-36dBm (30kHz B/W) +37dBm +34dBm <6dB better than 1.5:1 N type, female -10°C to +60°C -40°C to +70°C Amplifiers PSU Door Intrusion Over temperature VHF Headstation & In-Line Amplifiers User Handbook Handbook Nō.-50-127201FCC Issue No:-A Date:-14/06/2005 Page:-17 of 45 3.2.2 VHF In-Line Amplifier Mechanical Specifications PARAMETER SPECIFICATION Height: 620mm Case size Width: 620mm Depth: 250mm (excluding heatsinks, connectors, handles and feet) Fixings: 4 holes on 670(w) x 558(h)mm Temperature range: Operational: -10°C to +60°C Storage: -40°C to +70°C Weight: >30kg (two-man-lift) RF Connectors: N type female Environmental Protection: IP65 (with door closed and all ports terminated) Case: Painted to RAL 7035 Finish: Heatsinks: Matt black (where fitted) Handles: Black technopolymer Unit supplied with suitable supply input leads with Supply Cable: connector and appropriate length of cable VHF Headstation & In-Line Amplifiers User Handbook Handbook Nō.-50-127201FCC Issue No:-A Date:-14/06/2005 Page:-18 of 45 Handbook Nō.-50-127201FCC Issue No:-A 17-001101 137-143MHz 01-002503 dB 12-002001 dB dB dB 12-002001 154-156MHz 01-002503 dB 137-143MHz 11-006002 01-002503 17-001101 17-001201 10-001201 10-000703 dB 10-000703 10-001201 17-001201 154-156MHz 01-002503 3.2.3 VHF In-Line Amplifier System Diagram VHF Headstation & In-Line Amplifiers User Handbook Date:-14/06/2005 Page:-19 of 45 3.2.4 VHF In-Line Amplifier Parts List AFL Part Nō. 01-002503 07-001801 10-000703 10-001201 11-006002 12-002001 12-002201 12-002220 12-002826 13-001704 13-001710 13-003301 17-000526 17-001101 17-001201 17-006801 17-006820 17-009020K 20-001602 80-032320 80-310420 90-100003 90-300045 90-400013 91-030002 91-100003 91-130001 91-500011 91-500013 91-500015 91-510035 91-510036 91-520032 91-600014 91-700008 91-700017 92-120009 96-300054 96-700034 96-700035 96-800003 96-900017 Part Description FILTER VHF H/B 6 SMA S 100W POWER MONITOR VHF SINGLE DC OUTPUT 1/4W0-30dB SWITCHED ATTENUATOR ATTEN.SWTCH REMOTE D TYPE 30dB LNA VHF 70-500MHz WITH RELAY PWR AMP 10W 100-250MHz SMA CON 3 STAGE AMPLIFIER ALARM BOARD 3 STAGE ALARM PCB COVER ALARM BOARD ACRYLIC LENS VOLTAGE REGULATOR BOARD 9.0V VOLTAGE REGULATOR BOARD 5.0V MAINS FILTER 8AMP ASSEMBLY CE 10/20W HEATSINK THERMAL GASKET CELL ENHANCER AGC DETECTOR/AMP ASS C/E AGC UNIT ATTENUATOR ASSY CONTROLLER/MONITOR BOARD, 24V COVER FOR CONTROLLER/MON PCB 620x420x250 ENCLOSURE 3 H/S KIT 24V RELAY BOARD 10W PA HEATSINK (NEEDS 17-000526) BCC 400W POWER SUPPLY HEATSINK MAINS LEAD '6 AMP' BATT.BACKUP LEADS (2 CE/BBU ALARM LINK LEAD 4 CORE N ADAPTOR PANEL FEMALE:FEMALE SMA PLUG ELBOW UT-141 SMA ADAPT 'T' ALL FEMALE 3 GHZ PWR 3POLE PNL PLUG SEALED IP68 PWR 2POLE PNL PLUG SEALED IP68 PWR CON CAP SEALED with INT. THREAD 3 WAY MATE N LOK PLUG HOUSING PWR 6POLE PANEL SOCKET SEALED IP68 MATE N LOK SOCKET CONTACT 20/14 AWG 'D' 9 WAY SOCKET S/B (NON FILTERED) ICD 5 WAY 0.1' IDC CONNECTOR ICD 15 WAY 0.1' CONNECTOR M20 IP68 CABLE GLAND 24V 17A PSU 400W (XP BCC) LED RED 5mm IP67 INTEGRAL RES. 24V LED GREEN 5mm IP67 INTEGRAL RES 24V MT2834ZDXK 56kBPS MODEM WORLD AC TRIP SWITCH (3 AMP M.C.B.) Qty. VHF Headstation & In-Line Amplifiers User Handbook Handbook Nō.-50-127201FCC Issue No:-A Date:-14/06/2005 Page:-20 of 45 96-920011 96-920012 97-300010 97-300028 97-900004 PROXIMITY SWITCH PROXIMITY SWITCH MAGNET C/E SUPPLY INPUT COVER DC BOX 24V ATO TYPE 2 ASSEMBLY RUBBER FOOT FOR CELL ENHANCERS VHF Headstation & In-Line Amplifiers User Handbook Handbook Nō.-50-127201FCC Issue No:-A Date:-14/06/2005 Page:-21 of 45 4. SUB-UNIT MODULES 4.1 4.1.1 Bandpass Filter (01-002503) Description The bandpass filters are multi-section designs with a bandwidth dependent upon the passband frequencies, (both tuned to customer requirements). The response shape is basically Chebyshev with a passband design ripple of 0.1dB. The filters are of helical design, and are carefully aligned during manufacture in order to optimise the insertion loss, VSWR and intermodulation characteristics of the unit. The tuned elements are silver-plated to reduce surface ohmic losses and maintain a good VSWR figure and 50Ω load at the input and output ports. Being passive devices, the bandpass filters should have an extremely long operational life and require no maintenance. Should a filter be suspect, it is usually most time efficient to replace the module rather than attempt repair or re-tuning. No adjustments should be attempted without full network sweep analysis facilities to monitor both insertion loss and VSWR simultaneously. 4.1.2 Technical Specification SPECIFICATION Response type: Frequency range: Bandwidth: Nō. of sections: Insertion loss: VSWR: Connectors: Power Handling: operate: Temperature range: store: Weight: Size: PARAMETER Chebyshev 135 – 250MHz 3.5MHz (tuned to spec.) 1.2dB Better than 1.2:1 SMA 100W maximum -10°C to +60°C -20°C to +70°C 3 kg 384 x 82.5 x 56.4mm VHF Headstation & In-Line Amplifiers User Handbook Handbook Nō.-50-127201FCC Issue No:-A Date:-14/06/2005 Page:-22 of 45 4.2 4.2.1 VHF 30dB Coupler (07-000108) Description The purpose of these couplers is to ‘tap off’ known portions (usually 15-30dB) of RF signal from transmission lines, either resistively or by induction, and to combine them, for example through splitter units for different purposes (alarms/monitoring etc.), whilst maintaining an accurate 50Ω load to all ports/interfaces throughout the specified frequency range. In this instance, one of these couplers is used at each antenna port, with its’ DC output taken to the RS232 PCB in order to monitor any power output loss to the antenna. 4.2.2 Technical Specification PARAMETER Frequency Range: Bandwidth: Insertion Loss: Rejection: 30dB Coupling: Temperature operation: Range: storage: SPECIFICATION 140 – 160MHz 20MHz (typical) <1.0dB >20dB ±1dB (in band) -10%C to +60%C -20%C to +70%C VHF Headstation & In-Line Amplifiers User Handbook Handbook Nō.-50-127201FCC Issue No:-A Date:-14/06/2005 Page:-23 of 45 4.3 4.3.1 ¼Watt 0- -30dB Switched Attenuator (10-000701) Switched Attenuators The AFL switched attenuators are available in two different types; 0 – 30dB in 2 dB steps (as in this case), or 0 – 15dB in 1 dB steps. The attenuation is simply set using the four miniature toggle switches on the top of each unit. Each switch is clearly marked with the attenuation it provides, and the total attenuation in line is the sum of the values switched in. They are designed to maintain an accurate 50Ω impedance over their operating frequency at both input and output. 4.3.2 Remote Attenuators (10-001201) The remote attenuators perform exactly the same RF function as the manually switched version. The only difference being, in the remote version, binary signals from the controller/monitor PCB are fed to the attenuator via a multi-wire (4-bit) digital signal to relays that control which attenuator network to switch into circuit. The remote attenuators are entirely passive devices and should need no regular maintenance. VHF Headstation & In-Line Amplifiers User Handbook Handbook Nō.-50-127201FCC Issue No:-A Date:-14/06/2005 Page:-24 of 45 4.4 4.4.1 VHF/UHF Low Noise Amplifier (11-006002) Description The 21dB gain low noise amplifier used is a double stage solid-state low-noise amplifier. Class A circuitry is used throughout the unit to ensure excellent linearity over a very wide dynamic range. The two active devices are very moderately rated to provide a long, troublefree working life. There are no adjustments on this amplifier, and in the unlikely event of failure then the entire amplifier should be replaced. The amplifier features a dedicated, inbuilt alarm monitoring system based on class A DC biasing levels whose output is a volts-free relay contact pair that may be integrated into an existing system via the 9-way D-type interface. 4.4.2 Technical Specification PARAMETER Frequency range: Bandwidth: Gain: 1dB Compression Point: 3rd order intercept: Input return loss: Output return loss: VSWR: Noise figure: Connectors: Supply: Size: operational: Temperature range: storage: Weight: 4.4.3 SPECIFICATION 70 – 500MHz <430MHz 21dB (typical) +20dB (typical) +33dB (typical) >14dB >20dB Better than 1.5:1 <2.7dB SMA female 230 - 260mA @ 10 to 24V DC 88 x 50 x 34mm (ex. connectors) -10°C to +60°C -20°C to +70°C 0.26kg LNA ‘D’ Connector Pin-out details Connector pin Signal +Ve input (10-24V) GND Alarm Relay O/P bad Alarm Relay common Alarm Relay good No connection TTL voltage set TTL alarm/0V (good) O/C good/0V bad VHF Headstation & In-Line Amplifiers User Handbook Handbook Nō.-50-127201FCC Issue No:-A Date:-14/06/2005 Page:-25 of 45 4.5 4.5.1 10Watt Power Amplifier (12-002001) Description The power amplifier fitted to this unit is a multi-stage, solid state power amplifier. Class A circuitry is employed throughout the device to ensure excellent linearity over a wide dynamic frequency range. All the semi-conductor devices are very conservatively rated to ensure low device junction temperatures and a long, trouble free working lifetime. The power amplifier should require no maintenance over its operating life. Under no circumstances should the cover be removed or the side adjustments disturbed unless it is certain that the amplifier has failed; since it is critically aligned during manufacture and any re-alignment will require extensive test equipment. 4.5.2 Technical Specification PARAMETER Frequency range: Bandwidth: Maximum RF output: Gain: 1dB compression point: 3rd order intercept point: VSWR: Connectors: Supply: Weight: Temperature operational: range: storage: SPECIFICATION 100 - 250MHz (tuned to spec.) 20MHz (typical, tuned to spec.) >10Watts >50dB +40dBm +50dBm better than 1.5:1 SMA female 2.5Amps @ 24V DC 1kg (excluding heatsink) -10°C to +60°C -20°C to +70°C VHF Headstation & In-Line Amplifiers User Handbook Handbook Nō.-50-127201FCC Issue No:-A Date:-14/06/2005 Page:-26 of 45 4.6 4.6.1 3 Stage Amplifier Alarm Board (12-002201) Description Amplifier Alarm Boards are fitted to monitor the bias conditions of AFL Class A amplifiers which remain constant in normal operation. Any departure from normal bias conditions is a result of device failure, excess temperature, over-driving or oscillation (excessive power). In normal operation, the Class A bias circuit of the amplifier develops a constant voltage of 1.20V across the collector current setting resistor. The Amplifier Alarm Board is a window comparator device, which is adjusted to sense a departure from this condition. Several different alarm outputs are provided to simplify interfacing, (Relay Contact, Open Collector, and TTL Logic Levels) The basic version of the Alarm Board (12-002801) monitors a single amplifier stage. A three-stage version (12-002201) is used on complex amplifiers where three separate comparators have their outputs logically combined to a common output stage. Failure of any one stage will activate the alarms. Note that the alarm board has a green Light Emitting Diode located near to the centre of the printed circuit board, which is illuminated on ‘Good’, and extinguished on ‘Alarm’. It is therefore a simple matter to identify an active module failure, by searching for an Alarm Board which has its green LED extinguished. A simple test of the alarm board is possible by shorting across the monitor inputs, pins 1 and 2, 3 and 4 or across pins 5 and 6. This last monitor input is inactive if the board has been converted to a two way alarm board. (Refer to relevant amplifier alarm wiring diagram.) 1) 2) 3) Volt-free change over relay contacts. Open collector NPN transistor pulls low on alarm. TTL driver. The use of precision voltage sources and resistors has eliminated the need for initial adjustment or calibration, and the board will function correctly with a wide variation in power supply voltage (8 to 30 volts, nominal supply is 12 or 24Volts). There are two selectable link options on the three-way board: LINK1 - Removed to convert to two-way alarm board. LINK2 - Removed to isolate 0V from chassis earth. The one way alarm board only has the 0V isolation link (LINK2) fitted. VHF Headstation & In-Line Amplifiers User Handbook Handbook Nō.-50-127201FCC Issue No:-A Date:-14/06/2005 Page:-27 of 45 4.6.2 Technical Specification PARAMETER SPECIFICATION Operating voltage: 8 to 30V (floating earth) Alarm Threshold: Vcc - 1.20 volt +15% Alarm output relay contacts: Max. switch current: 1.0Amp Max. switch volts: 120Vdc/60VA Max. switch power: 24W/60VA Min. switch load: 10.0µA/10.0mV Relay isolation: 1.5kV Mechanical life: >2x107 operations Relay approval: BT type 56 Connector details: 15-way 0.1" pitch operational: -10°C to +60°C Temperature range: storage: -20°C to +70°C 74 x 56mm (3 stage) PCB Size: 54 x 56mm (1 stage) VHF Headstation & In-Line Amplifiers User Handbook Handbook Nō.-50-127201FCC Issue No:-A Date:-14/06/2005 Page:-28 of 45 4.7 4.7.1 Single DC/DC Converter (13-001710) Description This unit it is used to derive a fixed voltage power supply rail from some higher voltage. Typically, it is used to derive 5V, 8V, 12V or 15V from a 24V input. The circuit is based upon an LM317 variable voltage regulator, which is capable of supplying a maximum of 1.5A output current. Note that at full output current the dissipation of the device must remain in limits, bearing in mind the voltage which is being dropped across it. The maximum allowable dissipation will also depend on the efficiency of the heatsink on which the device is mounted. The output voltage of the unit is programmed by the resistive divider which is fitted between the output terminal, the reference terminal and ground. R1 is the reference programming resistor and is fixed in all versions. R2 is fitted on 12V versions while R3, (which is in parallel with R2) is fitted on 8V and 5V versions. 4.7.2 Technical Specification PARAMETER SPECIFICATION Operating Voltage: 21 – 27V DC 5.0V (13-001710) Output Voltages: 9.0V (13-001704) Output Current: 1.0A (maximum per o/p) Connections: Screw Terminal Block Temperature operational: -10%C to +60%C range: storage: -20%C to +70%C PCB Size: 47 x 30mm VHF Headstation & In-Line Amplifiers User Handbook Handbook Nō.-50-127201FCC Issue No:-A Date:-14/06/2005 Page:-29 of 45 4.8 4.8.1 Automatic Gain Control (17-001101, det. & 17-001201, atten.) Description The equipment is fitted with an Automatic Gain Control (AGC) system. This is generally fitted in the Uplink path (not usually needed in the downlink path, as the signal here is at an almost constant level), to avoid overloading the amplifiers (with the associated performance degradation) should a mobile be operated very close to the unit. The AFL Automatic Gain Control system consists of two units, a detector/amplifier and an attenuator. The detector/amplifier unit is inserted in the RF path on the output of the power amplifier, and the attenuator is situated in the RF path between the 1st and 2nd stages of amplification. Normally the attenuator is at minimum attenuation. The detector/amplifier unit monitors the RF level being delivered by the power amplifier, and when a certain threshold is reached it begins to increase the value of the attenuator to limit the RF output to the (factory set) threshold. Therefore overloading of the power amplifier is avoided. The factory set threshold is 1dB below the Enhancer 1dB compression point. Some adjustment of this AGC threshold level is possible, a 10dB range is mostly achieved. It is not recommended under any circumstances to adjust the AGC threshold to a level greater than the 1dB compression point as system degradation will occur. The detector comprises of a 50Ω transmission line with a resistive tap which samples a small portion of the mainline power. The sampled signal is amplified and fed to a conventional half wave diode rectifier, the output of which is a DC voltage proportional to the RF input signal. This DC voltage is passed via an inverting DC amplifier with integrating characteristics, to the output, which drives the attenuation control line of the corresponding AGC attenuator. This unit is fitted at some earlier point in the RF circuit. The unit contains a 12V DC regulator in the detector module, which supplies stabilised voltage to the DC amplifier and via an external cableform to the AGC attenuator. For small signals, below AGC onset, the output control line will be close to 12V and the AGC attenuator will have minimum attenuation. As the signal level increases the control line voltage will fall, increasing the attenuator value and keeping the system output level at a constant value. The AGC onset level is adjusted by the choice of sampler resistor R1 and by the setting of potentiometer VR1. The attenuator comprises a 50Ω P.I.N diode, voltage-variable attenuator with a range of 3 to 30dB. The attenuation is controlled by a DC voltage which is derived from the associated AGC detector unit. VHF Headstation & In-Line Amplifiers User Handbook Handbook Nō.-50-127201FCC Issue No:-A Date:-14/06/2005 Page:-30 of 45 4.8.2 Technical Specification PARAMETER Frequency range: Attenuation range: Attenuation steps: VSWR: RF Connectors: Power Attenuator: Handling: Detector/amp: Temperature operation: Range: storage: Attenuator pcb: Size: Detector/amp pcb Attenuator: Weight: Detector/amp: SPECIFICATION up to 1000MHz 3 to 30dB continuously variable better than 1.2:1 SMA female 1W >30W (or as required) -10°C to +60°C -20°C to +70°C 50 x 42 x 21mm 54 x 42 x 21mm 90gm 100gm VHF Headstation & In-Line Amplifiers User Handbook Handbook Nō.-50-127201FCC Issue No:-A Date:-14/06/2005 Page:-31 of 45 4.9 4.9.1 Controller/Monitor Board (17-006801) Description To meet the need for detailed control and status reporting of cell enhancers and other systems installed in inaccessible locations, AFL has developed an optional RS232C (RS232D) serial interface which may be incorporated into any of AFL’s range of cell enhancers. The RS232 interface is designed primarily to be connected to a modem, which can then communicate either via a fixed or a cellular telephone link with another modem at the network control centre. As standard, the interface will control any modem that works with the Hayes command set, although it can easily be adapted to control other equipment if required. The controller software has been written so that it is easily configured to meet specific customer interface requirements. The standard software has two data formats. Firstly, a verbose format that can be controlled from a simple terminal or terminal emulator. Secondly, a terse data format intended to be used with front-end software running on another computer to present a very user-friendly operator interface. If required, alternative data formats can be provided to enable integration with existing customer front-end software. The RS232 interface board within the Cell Enhancer integrates all the alarm inputs from the amplifier alarm boards, as well as from relays monitoring power supply status, door open/closed status, I.F module status, and standby battery voltage status. Monitoring of forward power can also be done. All this information is combined and formatted with onboard generated data including temperature, date, time and equipment serial number. The RS232 interface board also controls the frequencies at which the channel modules operate. These frequencies can, via a modem, be adjusted remotely. For more details, see the RS232 interface board handbook (17-006801HBKM). VHF Headstation & In-Line Amplifiers User Handbook Handbook Nō.-50-127201FCC Issue No:-A Date:-14/06/2005 Page:-32 of 45 4.9.2 Drg. Nō. 17-006880, Controller/Monitor PCB Pin-Outs VHF Headstation & In-Line Amplifiers User Handbook Handbook Nō.-50-127201FCC Issue No:-A Date:-14/06/2005 Page:-33 of 45 4.10 24V Single Relay Board (80-008902) 4.10.1 Description The General Purpose Relay Board allows the inversion of signals and the isolation of circuits. It is equipped with a single dual pole change-over relay RL1, with completely isolated wiring, accessed via a 15 way in-line connector. The relay is provided with polarity protection diodes and diodes for suppressing the transients caused by "flywheel effect" which can destroy switching transistors or induce spikes on neighbouring circuits. It’s common use is to amalgamate all the alarm signals into one, volts-free relay contact pair for the main alarm system. Note that the board is available for different voltages (12 or 24V) depending on the type of relay fitted at RL1. 4.11 24V, 400W Power Supply Pack (96-300054) 4.11.1 Description The power supply unit is a switched-mode type capable of supplying 24V DC at 17.0Amps continuously. Equipment of this type typically requires approximately 10.0 Amps at 24V DC, so the PSU will be used conservatively ensuring a long operational lifetime. No routine maintenance of the PSU is required. If a fault is suspected, then the output voltage from the power supply may be measured on its output terminals. This is typically set to 24.5V using the multi-turn potentiometer mounted close to the DC output studs on the PSU PCB. All the PSU’s used in AFL Cell Enhancers are capable of operation from either 110 or 220V nominal AC supplies. The line voltage is sensed automatically, so no adjustment or link setting is needed by the operator. 4.11.2 Technical Specification Voltages: Frequency: Voltage: Maximum current: AC Input Supply 110 or 220V nominal 90 to 132 or 180 to 264V (absolute limits) 47 to 63Hz DC Output Supply: 24V DC (nominal) 20 to 28V (absolute limits) 17A VHF Headstation & In-Line Amplifiers User Handbook Handbook Nō.-50-127201FCC Issue No:-A Date:-14/06/2005 Page:-34 of 45 4.12 STPS12045TV 60A Dual Diode Assembly 4.12.1 Description The purpose of these dual diode assemblies is to allow two (or more) DC voltage sources to be combined, so that the main 24 volt DC rail within the equipment is sourced from either the mains driven flat-pack, or externally through an XLR connector on the rear panel. The heavy-duty diodes prevent any reverse current from flowing back to their source or the alternative supply rail. Combining diodes such as these will also be used if the equipment is to be powered from external back-up batteries. 4.13 MT2834ZDXK 56kBPS Modem (96-800003) 4.13.1 Description The modem used is a standard, 56kBPS, O.E.M, ‘Hayes instruction set’ unit. Used in conjunction with the Controller/Monitor board it is the output termination of all the alarm system data which is then transmitted into the regular telephone network by dial up from the BTS. More information on the set-up & use of the modem can be found in the Controller/Monitor Handbook (17-006801HBKM). VHF Headstation & In-Line Amplifiers User Handbook Handbook Nō.-50-127201FCC Issue No:-A Date:-14/06/2005 Page:-35 of 45 5. INSTALLATION & COMMISSIONING 5.1 Initial Installation Record When this equipment is initially commissioned, please use the equipment set-up record sheet in Appendix A. This will help both the installation personnel and AFL should these figures be needed for future reference or diagnosis. 5.2 Antenna Installation & Gain Calculations 1 Most Cell Enhancer require two antennas, one a highly directional Yagi or similar directed towards the donor cell base station, and one a leaky feeder, omni-directional antenna or Yagi to cover the area in which the mobiles are to be served. 2 The maximum gain at which the Cell Enhancer can be set is limited by the isolation that can be achieved between these two antennas. Therefore when the antennas have been installed, inject a signal (at a known power level) into one of them and measure the signal level received by the other antenna on a spectrum analyser. The isolation can then be calculated as the difference between these two figures. The gain in each path of the Cell Enhancer should be set at least 10 dB below this figure, using attenuators as described below in paragraph 5. 3 Also measure the received signal from the donor cell at the input to the Cell Enhancer (base port). The gain of the Cell Enhancer downlink path should be set such the donor site will not overload the Cell Enhancer amplifiers. It is recommended that the input level should be less than -50dBm at the input of the Cell Enhancer (Base Port). (This figure is assuming maximum gain, and may be increased by the value of the attenuator fitted in the downlink path.) 4 Ensure that the mobile facing antenna has at least 70 dB isolation from the nearest mobile. (This is usually easily achieved when using a leaky feeder.) 5 The Cell Enhancer gain is set by setting the attenuation in each path (uplink and downlink) between the first two amplifier stages (see markings within the Cell Enhancer or layout drawings for the exact attenuator locations). Note that the uplink (mobile to base) and downlink (base to mobile) path gains are set independently. This allows the paths to have different gains if required to set the correct output power levels. 6 It is recommended that the gains are set such that the Downlink channel output levels from the Cell Enhancer are typically +30dBm per channel (Input level + Gain = Output level). VHF Headstation & In-Line Amplifiers User Handbook Handbook Nō.-50-127201FCC Issue No:-A Date:-14/06/2005 Page:-36 of 45 5.3 A). Antenna Isolation First set up the two antennas & measure the isolation between them. Yagi Yagi or leaky feeder Measure Isolation Between antennas Mobiles Base Site B) Install the Cell Enhancer with its gain set 10dB below the isolation figure obtained above. Yagi Yagi or leaky feeder Base Port Mobile Port Cell Enhancer Base Site (donor) Mobile VHF Headstation & In-Line Amplifiers User Handbook Handbook Nō.-50-127201FCC Issue No:-A Date:-14/06/2005 Page:-37 of 45 5.4 General Remarks The size and weight of the wall-mount case is such that 2/3 persons may be needed to lift the equipment into position. Test the mechanical installation in the interests of safety, before any electrical, RF, or optical connections are made. The equipment must be located on a smooth, flat, perpendicular surface, sheltered if possible, that is made from a material suitable for bearing the weight of the enclosure, (brick or concrete is recommended). If the installer is in any doubt about the suitability of a site it is advised that he/she consult with an appropriately qualified Structural Engineer. It is also important in determining the location of the case that space is allowed for access to the front, sides and beneath the equipment to enable maintenance work to be carried out. The door must be able to fully open but not to obstruct other equipment when doing so. The location should ideally be served with steel conduits to carry all the cables to and from the case. 5.5 Electrical Connections The mains power supply is connected to the IP65 connector located on the bottom/side surface of the case. It is recommended that the connection is made by a qualified electrician, who must satisfy himself that the supply will be the correct voltage and of sufficient capacity. All electrical and RF connections should be completed and checked prior to power being applied for the first time. 5.6 RF Connections Care must be taken to ensure that the correct connections are made with particular attention made to the base station Tx/Rx ports. In the event that the base transmitter is connected to the Rx output, damage to the equipment will be done if the base station transmitter is then keyed. Ensure that connections are kept clean and are fully tightened. VHF Headstation & In-Line Amplifiers User Handbook Handbook Nō.-50-127201FCC Issue No:-A Date:-14/06/2005 Page:-38 of 45 5.7 RS232 Setup The RS232 controller/monitor should not need setting up as the specified configuration with suitable firmware for the application will have been fully tested with the whole of the system before it leaves the factory. The RS232 PCB’s functions are transparent to the system if the RS232 board is powered but not utilised. Further information on the controller board’s setup and remote capabilities is available in the RS232 Controller/Monitor Handbook, AFL Nō. 17-005801HBKM. VHF Headstation & In-Line Amplifiers User Handbook Handbook Nō.-50-127201FCC Issue No:-A Date:-14/06/2005 Page:-39 of 45 6. MAINTENANCE 6.1 6.1.1 General Procedures Quick Fault Checklist All AFL equipment is individually tested to specification prior to despatch. Failure of this type of equipment is not common. Experience has shown that a large number of fault conditions relating to new equipment have simple causes often occurring as a result of transportation, unpacking and installation. Below are listed some common problems which have resulted in poor performance or an indicated non-functioning of the equipment. • • • • • • • • • • Mains power not connected or not switched on. External connectors not fitted or incorrectly fitted. Internal connectors/ports becoming loose due to transport vibration. Wiring becoming detached as a result of heavy handling. Input signals not present due to faults in the aerial and feeder system. Base transmissions not present due to faults at the base station. Modems fitted with incorrect software configuration/and or PIN Nō’s. Changes to channel frequencies and inhibiting channels. Hand held radio equipment not correctly set to repeater channels. Hand held radio equipment not correctly set to base station. 6.1.2 Fault Finding In the event that the performance of the system is suspect, a methodical and logical approach to the problem will reveal the cause of the difficulty. The System consists of modules within a wall mounted, environmentally protected enclosure Transmissions from the main base stations are passed though the system to the mobile radio equipment; this could be a handheld radio or a transceiver in a vehicle. This path is referred to as the downlink. The return signal path from the mobile radio equipment to the base station is referred to as the uplink. The first operation is to check the alarms of each of the active units and determine that the power supplies to the equipment are connected and active. This can be achieved remotely (via CEMS, the RS232 Coverage Enhancement Management System, if fitted), or locally with the front door LED’s. The green LED should be illuminated, while the red alarm indicator should be off. If the alarm LED is on, then the amplifier (or any other alarmed device connected to the summary output) that is causing the fault will have to be isolated and individually tested against the original test specification. The individual amplifier modules have a green LED showing through a hole in their lid/cover, which is illuminated if the unit is working correctly, and extinguished if not. If an amplifier is suspect, check the DC power supply to the unit. If no other fault is apparent use a spectrum analyser to measure the incoming signal level at the input and then after reconnecting the amplifier input, measure the output level. Consult with the system diagram to determine the expected gain and compare result. In the event that there are no alarms on and all units appear to be functioning it will be necessary to test the system in a systematic manner to confirm correct operation. VHF Headstation & In-Line Amplifiers User Handbook Handbook Nō.-50-127201FCC Issue No:-A Date:-14/06/2005 Page:-40 of 45 6.1.3 Downlink Confirm that there is a signal at the expected frequency and strength from the base station. If this is not present then the fault may lay outside the system. To confirm this, inject a downlink frequency signal from a known source at the master site BTS input and check for output at the remote site feeder output. If a signal is not received at the output it will be necessary to follow the downlink path through the system to find a point at which the signal is lost. The expected downlink output for the given input can be found in the end-to-end test specification. 6.1.4 Uplink Testing the uplink involves a similar procedure to the downlink except that the frequencies used are those transmitted by the mobile equipment. 6.1.5 Fault repair Once a faulty component has been identified, a decision must be made on the appropriate course to carry out a repair. A competent engineer can quickly remedy typical faults such as faulty connections or cables. The exceptions to this are cable assemblies connecting bandpass filter assemblies that are manufactured to critical lengths to maintain a 50-ohm system. Care should be taken when replacing cables or connectors to ensure that items are of the correct specification. The repair of component modules such as amplifiers and bandpass filters will not usually be possible in the field, as they frequently require specialist knowledge and test equipment to ensure correct operation. It is recommended that items of this type are replaced with a spare unit and the faulty unit returned to AFL for repair. VHF Headstation & In-Line Amplifiers User Handbook Handbook Nō.-50-127201FCC Issue No:-A Date:-14/06/2005 Page:-41 of 45 6.1.6 Checking service Following the repair of any part of the system it is recommended that a full end-to-end test is carried out in accordance with the test specification and that the coverage is checked by survey. It is important to bear in mind that the system includes a radiating cable network and base stations that may be faulty or may have been damaged. 6.1.7 Service Support Advice and assistance with maintaining and servicing this system are available by contacting Aerial Facilities Ltd. 6.2 Tools & Test Equipment The minimum tools and test equipment needed to successfully service this AFL product are as follows:Spectrum analyser: Signal Generator: Attenuator: Test Antenna: Digital multi-meter: Test cable x 2: Test cable x 2: Hand tools: 100kHz to 2GHz (Dynamic range = 90dB). 30MHz to 2GHz (-120dBm to 0dBm o/p level). 20dB, 10W, DC-2GHz, (N male – N female). Yagi or dipole for operating frequency. Universal Volt-Ohm-Amp meter. N male – N male, 2M long RG214. SMA male – N male, 1m long RG223. Philips #1&2 tip screwdriver. 3mm flat bladed screwdriver. SMA spanner and torque setter. VHF Headstation & In-Line Amplifiers User Handbook Handbook Nō.-50-127201FCC Issue No:-A Date:-14/06/2005 Page:-42 of 45 6.3 6.3.1 Care of Modules General Comments Many of the active modules contain semiconductor devices utilising MOS technology, which can be damaged by electrostatic discharge. Correct handling of such modules is mandatory to ensure their long-term reliability. To prevent damage to a module, it must be withdrawn/inserted with care. The module may have connectors on its underside, which might not be visible to the service operative. 6.3.2 Module Removal (LNA’s, general procedure): The following general instructions should be followed to remove a module: Remove power to the unit Remove all visible connectors (RF, DC & alarm) Release module retaining screws. Slowly but firmly, pull the module straight out of its position. Take care not to twist/turn the module during withdrawal. (When the module is loose, care may be needed, as there may be concealed connections underneath). 6.3.3 Module Replacement (general): Carefully align the module into its location then slowly push the module directly straight into its position, taking care not to twist/turn it during insertion. Reconnect all connectors, RF, alarm, power etc.,(concealed connectors may have to be connected first). Replace retaining screws (if any). Double-check all connections before applying power. 6.3.4 Power Amplifiers 1) Remove power to the unit. (Switch off @ mains/battery, or remove DC/alarm ‘D’ type connector) 2) Remove alarm wires from alarm screw terminal block or disconnect multi-way alarm connector. 3) Carefully disconnect the RF input and output coaxial connectors (usually SMA) If alarm board removal is not required, go to step 5. 4) There is (usually) a plate attached to the alarm board which fixes it to the amplifier, remove its retaining screws and the alarm board can be withdrawn from the amplifier in its entirety. On certain types of amplifier the alarm board is not mounted on a dedicated mounting plate; in this case it will have to firstly be removed by unscrewing it from the mounting pillars, in most cases, the pillars will not have not have to be removed before lifting the amplifier. VHF Headstation & In-Line Amplifiers User Handbook Handbook Nō.-50-127201FCC Issue No:-A Date:-14/06/2005 Page:-43 of 45 5) If the amplifier to be removed has a heatsink attached, there may be several different ways it can have been assembled. The most commonly used method, is screws through the fins of the heatsink to threaded screw holes (or nuts and bolts), into the amplifier within the main case (side & top mounting). If the heatsink is mounted on the rear of the main case (this is very unusual), then the fixing method for the heatsink will be from within the case, otherwise the enclosure would have to be removed from the wall in order to remove the heatsink). When the heatsink has been removed, the amplifier may be unscrewed from the main casing by its four corner fixings and gently withdrawn. Fitting a new power amplifier module will be the exact reverse of the above. Note: Do not forget to apply fresh heatsink compound to the heatsink/main case joint and also between the amplifier and the main case. 6.3.5 Low Power Amplifier Replacement Isolate the mains power supply and disconnect the DC supply connector for the LPA. Disconnect the RF input and output cables from the LPA. Disconnect the alarm connector. Remove the alarm monitoring wires from (D type connector) pins 9 and 10. Remove the LPA module by removing the four retaining screws, replace with a new LPA module and secure it with the screws. Connect the RF cables to the LPA input and output connectors. Reconnect the wires to the alarm board connector pins 9 and 10. Reconnect the DC supply connector and turn the mains switch on. Note: Tighten SMA connectors using only a dedicated SMA torque spanner. If SMA connectors are over-tightened, irreparable damage will occur. . Do not use adjustable pliers to loosen/tighten SMA connectors. Also take care not to drop or knock the module as this can damage (or misalign in the case of tuned passive modules) sensitive internal components. Always store the modules in an environmentally friendly location 6.3.6 Module Transportation: To maintain the operation, performance and reliability of any module it must be stored and transported correctly. Any module not installed in a whole system must be kept in an antistatic bag or container. These bags or containers are normally identified by being pink or black, and are often marked with an ESD label. Any module sent back to AFL for investigation/repair must be so protected. Please contact AFL’s quality department before returning a module. VHF Headstation & In-Line Amplifiers User Handbook Handbook Nō.-50-127201FCC Issue No:-A Date:-14/06/2005 Page:-44 of 45 APPENDIX A INITIAL EQUIPMENT SET-UP CALCULATIONS GENERAL INFORMATION Client Name: AFL Equip. Model Nō. Site Name: Date: Model ANTENNA SYSTEMS Gain Azimuth Comments Type Loss Comments A - Service Antenna B – Donor Antenna Length C – Service Feeder D – Donor Feeder INITIAL PARAMETERS E – CE Output Power F – Antenna Isolation G – Input signal level from donor BTS Operating Voltage dBm dB dBm DOWNLINK CALCULATIONS Parameter Comments Input signal level (G) CE max. o/p power (E) Gain setting E-G Isolation required (Gain + 10dB) Service antenna gain (A) Service antenna feeder loss (C) Effective radiated power (ERP) E+A-C Attenuator setting CE gain-gain setting Value dBm dBm dB dB dB dB dBm dB If the input signal level in the uplink path is known and steady, use the following calculation table to determine the gain setting. If the CE features Automatic Gain Control the attenuator should be set to zero and if not, then the attenuation setting for both uplink and downlink should be similar. UPLINK CALCULATIONS Parameter Comments Input signal level CE max. o/p power (E) Gain setting Required isolation Donor antenna gain (B) Donor antenna feeder loss (D) Effective radiated power (ERP) E+B-D Attenuator setting (CE gain-gain setting) Value dBm dBm dB dB dB dB dBm dB VHF Headstation & In-Line Amplifiers User Handbook Handbook Nō.-50-127201FCC Issue No:-A Date:-14/06/2005 Page:-45 of 45
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