PBE Europe as Axell Wireless 55-2032SERIES 55-2032 Series Amplifier User Manual

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SGC2111 FM Rebroadcast Amplifier
User Handbook
For
System Consulting Group
AWL Works Order Q117389
AWL Product Part No. 55-203201
AXELL WIRELESS UK
Aerial House
Asheridge Road
Chesham, Buckinghamshire
HP5 2QD, United Kingdom
Tel: + 44 (0) 1494 777000
Fax: + 44 (0) 1494 777002
Axell Wireless Limited
Technical Literature
Document Number 55-203201HBK
AXELL WIRELESS SWEDEN
Box 7139
174 07 Sundbyberg
Sweden
Tel: + 46 (0) 8 475 4700
Fax: + 46 (0) 8 475 4799
info@axellwireless.com
www.axellwireless.com
FM Rebroadcast Amplifier 55-203201
Issue No. 1
Date 22/12/2008
Page 1 of 23
Table of Contents
1.
Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 3
1.1.
Scope and Purpose of Document ..................................................................................... 3
1.2.
Limitation of Liability Notice............................................................................................... 3
2.
Safety Considerations ............................................................................................................. 4
2.1.
Earthing of Equipment....................................................................................................... 4
2.2.
Electric Shock Hazard ....................................................................................................... 4
2.3.
RF Radiation Hazard......................................................................................................... 4
2.4.
Lifting and other Health and Safety Recommendations .................................................... 4
2.5.
Chemical Hazard............................................................................................................... 5
2.6.
Laser Safety ...................................................................................................................... 5
2.7.
Emergency Contact Numbers ........................................................................................... 5
3.
Equipment Overview ............................................................................................................... 6
3.1.
55-203201 System Schematic .......................................................................................... 7
3.2.
55-203201 Specification.................................................................................................... 8
3.3.
55-203201 List of Major Sub Components........................................................................ 8
3.4.
Front View ......................................................................................................................... 9
3.5.
Interior View .................................................................................................................... 10
4.
Installation – General Notes.................................................................................................. 11
4.1.
General Remarks ............................................................................................................ 11
4.2.
Electrical Connections..................................................................................................... 11
4.3.
RF Connections............................................................................................................... 11
4.3.1. Termination of Unused Ports....................................................................................... 11
4.4.
Commissioning................................................................................................................ 12
5.
Maintenance.......................................................................................................................... 13
5.1.
Fault Finding.................................................................................................................... 13
5.1.1. Quick Fault Checklist................................................................................................... 13
5.1.2
Fault Isolation .............................................................................................................. 13
5.1.3. Downlink...................................................................................................................... 14
5.1.4. Checking service ......................................................................................................... 14
5.1.5. Fault repair .................................................................................................................. 14
5.1.6. Service Support........................................................................................................... 14
5.2.
Tools & Test Equipment .................................................................................................. 15
5.3.
Care of Modules .............................................................................................................. 15
5.3.1. General Comments ..................................................................................................... 15
5.3.2. LNA Replacement (general procedure)....................................................................... 15
5.3.3. Module Replacement (general procedure).................................................................. 15
5.3.4. Power Amplifier Replacement (general procedure) .................................................... 16
5.3.5. Low Power Amplifier Replacement (general procedure)............................................. 16
5.3.6. Module Transportation: ............................................................................................... 17
Appendix A...................................................................................................................................... 18
A.1.
Glossary of Terms used in this document ....................................................................... 18
A.2.
Key to Drawing Symbols used in this document ............................................................. 19
A.3.
EC Declaration of Conformity.......................................................................................... 20
A.4.
Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) Notice ........................................... 21
A.5.
Document Amendment Record ....................................................................................... 22
Appendix B...................................................................................................................................... 23
B.1
Initial Equipment Set-Up Calculations ............................................................................. 23
Axell Wireless Limited
Technical Literature
Document Number 55-203201HBK
FM Rebroadcast Amplifier 55-203201
Issue No. 1
Date 22/12/2008
Page 2 of 23
1.
Introduction
1.1.
Scope and Purpose of Document
This handbook is for use solely with the equipment identified by the Axell Wireless Limited (AWL)
Part Number shown on the front cover. It is not to be used with any other equipment unless
specifically authorised by AWL. This is a controlled release document and, as such, becomes a
part of the Axell Wireless Total Quality Management System. Alterations and modification may
therefore only be performed by Axell Wireless.
AWL recommends that the installer of this equipment familiarise themselves with the safety and
installation procedures contained within this document before installation commences.
The purpose of this handbook is to provide the user/maintainer with sufficient information to service
and repair the equipment to the level agreed. Maintenance and adjustments to any deeper level
must be performed by AWL, normally at the company’s repair facility in Chesham, England.
This handbook has been prepared in accordance with BS 4884, and AWL’s Quality procedures,
which maintain the company’s registration to BS EN ISO 9001:2000 and to the R&TTE Directive of
the European Parliament. Copies of the relevant certificates and the company Quality Manual can
be supplied on application to the Operations Support Director (see section 2.7.).
This document fulfils the relevant requirements of Article 6 of the R&TTE Directive.
1.2.
Limitation of Liability Notice
This manual is written for the use of technically competent operators/service persons. No liability is
accepted by AWL for use or misuse of this manual, the information contained therein, or the
consequences of any actions resulting from the use of the said information, including, but not
limited to, descriptive, procedural, typographical, arithmetical, or listing errors.
Furthermore, AWL does not warrant the absolute accuracy of the information contained within this
manual, or its completeness, fitness for purpose, or scope.
AWL has a policy of continuous product development and enhancement, and as such, reserves
the right to amend, alter, update and generally change the contents, appearance and pertinence of
this document without notice.
All AWL products carry a twelve month warranty from date of shipment. The warranty is expressly
on a return to base repair or exchange basis and the warranty cover does not extend to on-site
repair or complete unit exchange.
Axell Wireless Limited
Technical Literature
Document Number 55-203201HBK
FM Rebroadcast Amplifier 55-203201
Issue No. 1
Date 22/12/2008
Page 3 of 23
2.
Safety Considerations
2.1.
Earthing of Equipment
Equipment supplied from the mains must be connected to grounded outlets and
earthed in conformity with appropriate local, national and international electricity
supply and safety regulations.
2.2.
Electric Shock Hazard
The risk of electrical shocks due to faulty mains driven power supplies whilst
potentially ever present in any electrical equipment, would be minimised by
adherence to good installation practice and thorough testing at the following stages:
a)
Original assembly.
b)
Commissioning.
c)
Regular intervals, thereafter.
All test equipment must be in good working order prior to its use. High current power supplies can
be dangerous because of the possibility of substantial arcing. Always switch off during
disconnection and reconnection.
2.3.
RF Radiation Hazard
RF radiation, (especially at UHF frequencies) arising from transmitter outputs
connected to AWL’s equipment, must be considered a safety hazard.
This condition might only occur in the event of cable disconnection, or because a
‘spare’ output has been left un-terminated. Either of these conditions would impair
the system’s efficiency. No investigation should be carried out until all RF power sources have
been removed. This would always be a wise precaution, despite the severe mismatch between the
impedance of an N type connector at 50Ω, and that of free space at 377Ω, which would severely
mitigate against the efficient radiation of RF power. Radio frequency burns could also be a hazard,
if any RF power carrying components were to be carelessly touched!
Antenna positions should be chosen to comply with requirements (both local & statutory) regarding
exposure of personnel to RF radiation. When connected to an antenna, the unit is capable of
producing RF field strengths, which may exceed guideline safe values especially if used with
antennas having appreciable gain. In this regard the use of directional antennas with backscreens
and a strict site rule that personnel must remain behind the screen while the RF power is on, is
strongly recommended.
Where the equipment is used near power lines or in association with temporary masts not having
lightning protection, the use of a safety earth connected to the case-earthing bolt is strongly
advised.
2.4.
Lifting and other Health and Safety Recommendations
Certain items of AWL equipment are heavy and care should be taken when lifting
them by hand. Ensure that a suitable number of personnel, appropriate lifting
apparatus and appropriate personal protective equipment is used especially when
installing Equipment above ground e.g. on a mast or pole and manual handling
precautions relevant to items of the weight of the equipment being worked on must
be observed at all times when handling, installing or dismounting this equipment.
Axell Wireless Limited
Technical Literature
Document Number 55-203201HBK
FM Rebroadcast Amplifier 55-203201
Issue No. 1
Date 22/12/2008
Page 4 of 23
2.5.
Chemical Hazard
Beryllium Oxide, also known as Beryllium Monoxide, or Thermalox™, is
sometimes used in devices within equipment produced by Axell Wireless Ltd.
Beryllium oxide dust can be toxic if inhaled, leading to chronic respiratory problems.
It is harmless if ingested or by contact.
Products that contain beryllium are load terminations (dummy loads) and some power amplifiers.
These products can be identified by a yellow and black “skull and crossbones” danger symbol
(shown above). They are marked as hazardous in line with international regulations, but pose no
threat under normal circumstances. Only if a component containing beryllium oxide has suffered
catastrophic failure, or exploded, will there be any danger of the formation of dust. Any dust that
has been created will be contained within the equipment module as long as the module remains
sealed. For this reason, any module carrying the yellow and black danger sign should not be
opened. If the equipment is suspected of failure, or is at the end of its life-cycle, it must be returned
to Axell Wireless Ltd. for disposal.
To return such equipment, please contact the Operations Support Department, who will give you a
Returned Materials Authorisation (RMA) number. Please quote this number on the packing
documents, and on all correspondence relating to the shipment.
PolyTetraFluoroEthylene, (P.T.F.E.) and P.T.F.E. Composite Materials
Many modules/components in AWL equipment contain P.T.F.E. as part of the RF insulation barrier.
This material should never be heated to the point where smoke or fumes are evolved. Any person
feeling drowsy after coming into contact with P.T.F.E. especially dust or fumes should seek
medical attention.
2.6.
Laser Safety
General good working practices adapted from
EN60825-2: 2004/ EC 60825-2:2004
Do not stare with unprotected eyes or with any unapproved optical device at the
fibre ends or connector faces or point them at other people, Use only approved filtered or
attenuating viewing aids.
Any single or multiple fibre end or ends found not to be terminated (for example, matched, spliced)
shall be individually or collectively covered when not being worked on. They shall not be readily
visible and sharp ends shall not be exposed.
When using test cords, the optical power source shall be the last connected and the first
disconnected; use only approved methods for cleaning and preparing optical fibres and optical
connectors.
Always keep optical connectors covered to avoid physical damage and do not allow any dirt/foreign
material ingress on the optical connector bulkheads.
The optical fibre jumper cable maximum bend radius is 3cm; any smaller radii may result in optical
cable breakage or excessive transmission losses.
Caution: The FO units are NOT weather proof.
2.7.
Emergency Contact Numbers
The AWL Operations Support Department can be contacted on:
Telephone
+44 (0)1494 777000
Fax.
+44 (0)1494 777002
e-mail
qa@axellwireless.com
Axell Wireless Limited
Technical Literature
Document Number 55-203201HBK
FM Rebroadcast Amplifier 55-203201
Issue No. 1
Date 22/12/2008
Page 5 of 23
3.
Equipment Overview
FM Rebroadcast Amplifier 55-203201 is built into a wall-mounted, environmentally protected (IP65)
aluminium alloy case; RF ports and connectors are also IP65 standard making the entire enclosure
and connecting ports weatherproof. Handles are provided for carrying the unit and the door is fitted
with locks. A supply isolator switch is fitted inside the unit and there are Power On and Alarm
indicators on the outside of the door.
The amplifier passes one VHF band, 88MHz to 108MHz in the Downlink direction only.
The Downlink signal cable enters the Rebroadcast Amplifier case via the cable gland in the base of
the case (annotated “E” in section 3.4.) and makes a connection to the BNC connector labelled “75
OHMS INPUT” (annotated “B” in section 3.5.). The signal passes through Impedance Matching
Pad 98-000011 which changes the impedance from 75Ω to 50Ω and then passes through the
“input” Bandpass Filter 01-004503 which is tuned to pass the Downlink bandwidth of 88MHz to
108MHz and to reject out-of-band noise.
After leaving the filter the signal passes through Low Noise Amplifier 11-008802 and then passes
through Variable Switched Attenuator 10-000701 (annotated “F” in section 3.5.) which can provide
up to 30dB of signal attenuation (in 2dB steps) if required. The attenuator is controlled by the four
toggle switches on the attenuator body; each switch is clearly marked with the attenuation it
provides, and the total attenuation in-line is the sum of the values switched in.
After passing through the attenuator the Downlink signal passes through Low Noise Amplifier 11006002 and then into Hybrid Splitter/Coupler 05-000102 which splits the signal into two equal
paths, each path then passes through a 20W Power Amplifier 12-028401 and then the two paths
are recombined by a second Hybrid Splitter/Coupler 05-000102; the resultant signal then passes
through a second Bandpass Filter 01-004503 to further reject out-of-band noise. The signal then
passes through 30dB Directional Coupler 05-000316 which couples off a small portion of the signal
which is passed through an Impedance Matching Pad 98-000011 which changes the impedance
from 50Ω to 75Ω and then goes to a BNC monitor/test port for the Downlink output labelled “-30dB
COUPLER” (annotated “P” in 5.3.).
The main RF Downlink path after passing through 30dB Directional Coupler 05-000316 goes to the
N type Port labelled “50 OHMS OUTPUT” (annotated “N” in 5.3.) and the Downlink output cable
which connects to the output port exits the Rebroadcast Amplifier case via the cable gland in the
top of the case (annotated “H” in section 3.4.).
Axell Wireless Limited
Technical Literature
Document Number 55-203201HBK
FM Rebroadcast Amplifier 55-203201
Issue No. 1
Date 22/12/2008
Page 6 of 23
3.1.
55-203201 System Schematic
Drawing Number 55-203281
Axell Wireless Limited
Technical Literature
Document Number 55-203201HBK
FM Rebroadcast Amplifier 55-203201
Issue No. 1
Date 22/12/2008
Page 7 of 23
3.2.
55-203201 Specification
Parameter
Downlink
Specification
Passband
Maximum Gain
Passband Ripple
Gain Adjustment
-30dB Coupler Port
1dB Compression Point
3rd Order Intercept Point
In-Band Spurious Noise (30kHz BW)
General
Case Size (ex. handles and heatsinks)
Case Material
Case Finish
AC Supply Voltage
88 to 108 MHz
60dB
< ±1.5dB
0 to 30dB in 2dB steps
-30dB
+ 44dBm
+ 54dBm
< -13dBm at max gain
620mm x 420mm x 250mm
Aluminium Alloy (2mm)
Light Grey RAL7035 Semi-gloss
110V
N type female (50Ω)
RF Connectors
BNC female (75Ω)
Alarms Fitted
Amplifiers Fail
(summary volt-free contacts)
operation -20%C to +60%C
Temperature Range
storage -40%C to +70%
Humidity 95% RHNC
3.3.
55-203201 List of Major Sub Components
Component
Part
01-004503
05-000102
05-000316
10-000701
11-006002
11-008802
12-028401
13-001803
80-008910
96-300054
98-000011
Component Part Description
Bandpass Filter
Hybrid Splitter/Combiner
30dB Directional Coupler
Variable Switched Attenuator 0-30dB
Low Noise Amplifier
Low Noise Amplifier
20W Power Amplifier
Dual DC/DC Converter 24V-12V
24V Relay PCB Assembly
400W PSU Module 24V 17A
Impedance Matching Pad 50Ω/75Ω
Axell Wireless Limited
Technical Literature
Document Number 55-203201HBK
Qty Per
Assembly
FM Rebroadcast Amplifier 55-203201
Issue No. 1
Date 22/12/2008
Page 8 of 23
3.4.
Front View
CAUTION
Hot Surface
Cell Enhancer
Product Ref
55-203201
Made in UK
CAUTION
Hot Surface
CAUTION
Hot Surface
POWER ON
ALARM
Danger
High Voltage
Green LED “POWER ON” Illuminated during normal operation
Red LED “ALARM” illuminated during alarm condition
Lockable Door Handles
Lifting Handles
Cable glands for AC (110V) and RF input entry
Wall Mount Brackets
Earth connection
Cable glands for RF Output exit
Axell Wireless Limited
Technical Literature
Document Number 55-203201HBK
FM Rebroadcast Amplifier 55-203201
Issue No. 1
Date 22/12/2008
Page 9 of 23
3.5.
Interior View
Cable glands for AC and RF input entry
RF Input port 75 Ω BNC
Input Impedance Matching Pad 98-000011 (75Ω to 50Ω)
Input Bandpass Filter 01-004503
Low Noise Amplifier 11-008802
Variable Switched Attenuator 10-000701
Low Noise Amplifier 11-006002
Hybrid Splitter/Combiner 05-000102 (splitting)
20W Power Amplifier 12-028401 (1)
20W Power Amplifier 12-028401 (2)
Hybrid Splitter/Combiner 05-000102 (combining)
Output Bandpass Filter 01-004503
30dB Directional Coupler 05-000316
RF Output port 50 Ω N type
Monitor Impedance Matching Pad 98-000011 (50Ω to 75Ω)
30dB monitor port for RF output 75Ω BNC
AC Mains (110V) input terminal block
AC Mains trip switch
400W PSU Module 24V 17A 96-300054
Dual DC/DC Converter 24V-12V 13-001803
24V Relay PCB Assembly 80-008910
Krone terminal block for alarm output
Axell Wireless Limited
Technical Literature
Document Number 55-203201HBK
FM Rebroadcast Amplifier 55-203201
Issue No. 1
Date 22/12/2008
Page 10 of 23
4.
Installation – General Notes
4.1.
General Remarks
When this equipment is initially commissioned, please use the equipment set-up record sheet in
Appendix B. This will help both the installation personnel and Axell Wireless should these figures
be needed for future reference or diagnosis.
The procedure for installing and commissioning an Axell Wall Mount Repeater is generally as
follows:
1)
Secure the Repeater in the chosen wall position.
2)
Connect the input and output cables to the relevant Amplifier ports.
3)
Connect a suitable mains power supply to the Amplifier
4)
Switch the equipment mains on with the small switch located inside the Amplifier on the
lower right hand side of the case.
5)
If Base Station RF is available, make test calls via the Amplifier to ensure correct operation,
if possible monitoring the signal levels during these calls to ensure that the uplink and
downlink RF levels are as anticipated.
4.2.
Electrical Connections
It is recommended that the electrical mains connection is made by a qualified electrician, who must
be satisfied that the supply will be the correct voltage and of sufficient capacity.
All electrical and RF connections should be completed and checked prior to power being applied
for the first time.
Ensure that connections are kept clean and are fully tightened.
4.3.
RF Connections
Care must be taken to ensure that the correct connections are made with particular attention made
to the RF input and output ports. In the event that the base transmitter is connected to the output of
the equipment, damage to the equipment will be done if the base station transmitter is then keyed.
Ensure that connections are kept clean and are fully tightened.
4.3.1.
Termination of Unused Ports
In the event that any RF ports are unused (available for future expansion) these ports must be kept
terminated with the load terminations supplied by Axell for that purpose
Ensure that connections are kept clean and are fully tightened.
Axell Wireless Limited
Technical Literature
Document Number 55-203201HBK
FM Rebroadcast Amplifier 55-203201
Issue No. 1
Date 22/12/2008
Page 11 of 23
4.4.
Commissioning
Once all connections are made the equipment is ready for commissioning.
To commission the system the test equipment detailed in Section 5.2. will be required.
Using the system diagrams and the end-to-end test specification (supplied with the equipment), the
equipment should be tested to ensure correct operation.
On initial power up the system alarm indicators on the front door of the equipment should be
checked. A green LED on each unit with a power supply to it illuminates to indicate that the power
supply is connected to the unit A red LED illuminated indicates a fault in that particular unit that
must be investigated before proceeding with the commissioning.
In the event that any part of the system does not function correctly as expected, check all
connections to ensure that they are to the correct port, that the interconnecting cables are not
faulty and that they are tightened. The majority of commissioning difficulties arise from problems
with the interconnecting cables and connectors.
Axell Wireless Limited
Technical Literature
Document Number 55-203201HBK
FM Rebroadcast Amplifier 55-203201
Issue No. 1
Date 22/12/2008
Page 12 of 23
5.
Maintenance
5.1.
Fault Finding
5.1.1.
Quick Fault Checklist
All Axell equipment is individually tested to specification prior to despatch. Failure of this type of
equipment is not common. Experience has shown that a large number of fault conditions relating to
tunnel installations result from simple causes often occurring as result of transportation, unpacking
and installation. Below are listed some common problems which have resulted in poor
performance or an indicated non-functioning of the equipment.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Mains power not connected or not switched on.
External connectors not fitted or incorrectly fitted.
Internal connectors becoming loose due to transport vibration.
Wiring becoming detached as a result of heavy handling.
Input signals not present due to faults in the antenna and feeder system.
Base transmissions not present due to fault at the base station.
Modems fitted with incorrect software configuration.
Changes to channel frequencies and inhibiting channels.
Hand held radio equipment not set to repeater channels.
Hand held radio equipment not set to correct base station.
5.1.2
Fault Isolation
In the event that the performance of the system is suspect, a methodical and logical approach to
the problem will reveal the cause of the difficulty. The System consists of modules fitted in a wall
mounted, environmentally protected enclosure.
Transmissions from the main base stations are passed though the system to the mobile radio
equipment; this could be a handheld radio or a transceiver in a vehicle. This path is referred to as
the downlink. The return signal path from the mobile radio equipment to the base station is referred
to as the uplink.
The first operation is to check the alarms of each of the active units and determine that the power
supplies to the equipment are connected and active.
This can be achieved remotely (via CEMS, the RS232 Coverage Enhancement Management
System, if fitted), or locally with the front door LED’s. The green LED on the front door should be
illuminated, while the red alarm indicator should be off. If an Alarm is on, then that unit must be
tested against the original test specification.
If an amplifier is suspect, check the DC power supply to the unit. If no other fault is apparent use a
spectrum analyser to measure the incoming signal level at the input and then after reconnecting
the amplifier input, measure the output level. Consult with the system diagram to determine the
expected gain and compare result.
In the event that there are no alarms on and all units appear to be functioning it will be necessary
to test the system in a systematic manner to confirm correct operation.
Axell Wireless Limited
Technical Literature
Document Number 55-203201HBK
FM Rebroadcast Amplifier 55-203201
Issue No. 1
Date 22/12/2008
Page 13 of 23
5.1.3.
Downlink
Confirm that there is a signal at the expected frequency and strength from the base station. If this
is not present then the fault may lay outside the system. To confirm this, inject a downlink
frequency signal from a known source at the master site BTS input and check for output at the
remote site feeder output.
If a signal is not received at the output it will be necessary to follow the downlink path through the
system to find a point at which the signal is lost. The expected downlink output for the given input
can be found in the end-to-end test specification.
5.1.4.
Checking service
Following the repair of any part of the system it is recommended that a full end-to-end test is
carried out in accordance with the test specification and that the coverage is checked by survey.
It is important to bear in mind that the system includes a radiating cable network and base stations
that may be faulty or may have been damaged.
5.1.5.
Fault repair
Once a faulty component has been identified, a decision must be made on the appropriate course
to carry out a repair. A competent engineer can quickly remedy typical faults such as faulty
connections or cables. The exceptions to this are cable assemblies connecting bandpass filter
assemblies that are manufactured to critical lengths to maintain a 50-ohm system.
Care should be taken when replacing cables or connectors to ensure that items are of the correct
specification. The repair of component modules such as amplifiers and bandpass filters will not
usually be possible in the field, as they frequently require specialist knowledge and test equipment
to ensure correct operation. It is recommended that items of this type are replaced with a spare
unit and the faulty unit returned to Axell Wireless for repair.
5.1.6.
Service Support
Advice and assistance with maintaining and servicing this system are available by contacting
Axell Wireless Ltd., see section 2.7.
NOTE
Individual modules are not intended to be repaired on site and attempts at repair will
invalidate active warranties. Company policy is that individual modules should be
repaired by replacement. Axell Wireless Ltd. maintains a level of stock of most modules
which can usually be despatched at short notice to support this policy.
Axell Wireless Limited
Technical Literature
Document Number 55-203201HBK
FM Rebroadcast Amplifier 55-203201
Issue No. 1
Date 22/12/2008
Page 14 of 23
5.2.
Tools & Test Equipment
The minimum tools and test equipment needed to successfully service this Axell Wireless
product are as follows:Spectrum analyser
Signal Generator
Attenuator
Test Antenna
Optical Power Meter
Digital multi-meter
Test cable x 2
Test cable x 2
Hand tools
5.3.
100kHz to 2GHz (Dynamic range = 90dB).
30MHz to 2GHz (-120dBm to 0dBm o/p level).
20dB, 10W, DC-2GHz, (N male – N female).
Yagi or dipole for operating frequency.
1300 – 1560nM (-40 - +10dB)
Universal Volt-Ohm-Amp meter.
N male – N male, 2M long RG214.
SMA male – N male, 1m long RG223.
Philips #1&2 tip screwdriver.
3mm flat bladed screwdriver.
SMA spanner and torque setter.
Care of Modules
5.3.1.
General Comments
Many of the active modules contain semiconductor devices utilising MOS technology, which can be
damaged by electrostatic discharge. Correct handling of such modules is mandatory to ensure
their long-term reliability.
To prevent damage to a module, it must be withdrawn and inserted with care. The module may
have connectors on its underside, which might not be visible to the service operative.
5.3.2.
LNA Replacement (general procedure)
The following general instructions should be followed to remove a module:
1)
2)
3)
4)
be
Remove power to the unit
Remove all visible connectors (RF, DC & alarm)
Release module retaining screws.
Slowly but firmly, pull the module straight out of its position. Take care not to twist/turn the
module during withdrawal. (When the module is loose, care may be needed, as there may
concealed connections underneath).
5.3.3.
1)
2)
3)
4)
Module Replacement (general procedure)
Carefully align the module into its location then slowly push the module directly straight into
its position, taking care not to twist/turn it during insertion.
Reconnect all connectors, RF, alarm, power etc., (concealed connectors may have to be
connected first).
Replace retaining screws (if any).
Double-check all connections before applying power.
Axell Wireless Limited
Technical Literature
Document Number 55-203201HBK
FM Rebroadcast Amplifier 55-203201
Issue No. 1
Date 22/12/2008
Page 15 of 23
5.3.4.
Power Amplifier Replacement (general procedure)
1)
Remove power to the unit. (Switch off at mains/battery, or remove DC in connector)
2)
Remove alarm wires from alarm screw terminal block or disconnect multi-way alarm
connector.
3)
Carefully disconnect the RF input and output coaxial connectors (usually SMA)
If alarm board removal is not required, go to step 5.
4)
There is (usually) a plate attached to the alarm board which fixes it to the amplifier, remove
its retaining screws and the alarm board can be withdrawn from the amplifier in its entirety.
On certain types of amplifier the alarm board is not mounted on a dedicated mounting plate;
in this case it will have to firstly be removed by unscrewing it from the mounting pillars, in
most cases, the pillars will not have to be removed before lifting the amplifier.
5)
If the amplifier to be removed has a heatsink attached, there may be several different ways
it can have been assembled. The most commonly used method, is screws through the front
of the heatsink to threaded screw holes (or nuts and bolts), into the amplifier within the
main case. If the heatsink is mounted on the rear of the main case (e.g., against a wall in
the case of wall mounted enclosures), then the fixing method for the heatsink will be from
within the case, (otherwise the enclosure would have to be removed from the wall in order
to remove the heatsink).
When the heatsink has been removed, the amplifier may be unscrewed from the main casing by its
four corner fixings and gently withdrawn.
Fitting a new power amplifier module will be the exact reverse of the above.
Note: Do not forget to apply fresh heatsink compound to the heatsink/main case joint and also
between the amplifier and the main case.
5.3.5.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Low Power Amplifier Replacement (general procedure)
Disconnect the mains power supply and disconnect the 24V dc supply connector for the
LPA.
Disconnect the RF input and output cables from the LPA.
Disconnect the alarm connector.
Remove the alarm monitoring wires from (D type connector) pins 9 and 10.
Remove the LPA module by removing the four retaining screws, replace with a new LPA
module and secure it with the screws.
Connect the RF cables to the LPA input and output connectors. Reconnect the wires to the
alarm board connector pins 9 and 10.
Reconnect the DC supply connector and turn the mains switch on.
Note: Tighten SMA connectors using only a dedicated SMA torque spanner. If SMA connectors
are over-tightened, irreparable damage will occur. Do not use adjustable pliers to loosen/tighten
SMA connectors.
Also take care not to drop or knock the module as this can damage (or misalign in the case of
tuned passive modules) sensitive internal components. Always store the modules in an
environmentally friendly location
Axell Wireless Limited
Technical Literature
Document Number 55-203201HBK
FM Rebroadcast Amplifier 55-203201
Issue No. 1
Date 22/12/2008
Page 16 of 23
5.3.6.
Module Transportation:
To maintain the operation, performance and reliability of any module it must be stored and
transported correctly. Any module not installed in a whole system must be kept in an anti-static bag
or container. These bags or containers are normally identified by being pink or black, and are often
marked with an ESD label. Any module sent back to Axell Wireless for investigation/repair must be
so protected. Please contact the Axell Wireless Operations Support Department before returning a
module, see section 2.7.
Axell Wireless Limited
Technical Literature
Document Number 55-203201HBK
FM Rebroadcast Amplifier 55-203201
Issue No. 1
Date 22/12/2008
Page 17 of 23
Appendix A
A.1.
Glossary of Terms used in this document
Repeater or
Cell Enhancer
Band Selective
Repeater
Channel Selective
Repeater
AC
AGC
BBU
BTS
B/W
CEMS
C/NR
DC
Downlink (D/L)
FO
GND
ID
LCX
LED
LNA
LPA
Mobile(s)
MOU
MTBF
N/A
N/C (of Relays)
N/O (of Relays)
OFR
OIP3
P1dB
PA
RF
RSA
RX
S/N
TX
Uplink (U/L)
VSWR
WDM
Date Format
A Radio Frequency (RF) amplifier which can simultaneously
amplify and re-broadcast Mobile Station (MS) and Base
Transceiver Station (BTS) signals.
A Cell Enhancer designed for operation on a range of channels
within a specified frequency band.
A Cell Enhancer, designed for operation on specified channel(s)
within a specified frequency band. Channel frequencies may be
factory set or on-site programmable.
Alternating Current
Automatic Gain Control
Battery Backup Unit
Base Transceiver Station (Base Station)
Bandwidth
Coverage Enhanced Management System
Carrier-to-Noise Ratio
Direct Current
RF signals TX from the BTS to the Mobiles
Fibre Optic
Ground
Identification Number
Leaky Coaxial Cable (Leaky Feeder).
Light Emitting Diode
Low Noise Amplifier
Low Power Amplifier
Hand-portable or other “Mobile” RF Tranceiver equipment.
Master Optical Unit
Mean Time Between Failures
Not Applicable
Normally Closed
Normally Open
On Frequency Repeater
Output Third Order Intercept Point
1dB Compression Point
Power Amplifier
Radio Frequency
Receiver/Splitter Amplifier
Receiver (Received)
Serial Number
Transmitter (Transmitted)
RF signals transmitted from the Mobiles to the BTS
Voltage Standing Wave Ratio
Wave division multiplex
Date Format used in this document is: dd/mm/yyyy
Axell Wireless Limited
Technical Literature
Document Number 55-203201HBK
FM Rebroadcast Amplifier 55-203201
Issue No. 1
Date 22/12/2008
Page 18 of 23
A.2.
Key to Drawing Symbols used in this document
Axell Wireless Limited
Technical Literature
Document Number 55-203201HBK
FM Rebroadcast Amplifier 55-203201
Issue No. 1
Date 22/12/2008
Page 19 of 23
A.3.
EC Declaration of Conformity
In accordance with BS EN ISO/IEC 17050-1&-2:2004
Axell Wireless Limited
Aerial House
Asheridge Road
Chesham
Buckinghamshire HP5 2QD
United Kingdom
DECLARES, UNDER OUR SOLE RESPONSIBILITY THAT THE FOLLOWING PRODUCT:
PRODUCT PART NO[S]
55-203201HBK
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION FM Rebroadcast Amplifier
IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE FOLLOWING DIRECTIVES:
1999/5/EC
The Radio & Telecommunications Terminal Equipment Directive Annex V
and its amending directives
HAS BEEN DESIGNED AND MANUFACTURED TO THE FOLLOWING STANDARD[S] OR
OTHER NORMATIVE DOCUMENT[S]:
BS EN 60950
Information technology equipment.
Safety. General requirements
ETS EN 301 489-1
EMC standard for radio equipment and services.
Part 1. Common technical requirements
I hereby declare that the equipment named above has been designed to comply with the relevant
sections of the above referenced specifications. The unit complies with all essential requirements
of the Directives.
SIGNED
B. S. Barton
Operations Director
DATE: 31/07/2008
Registered Office: Aerial House, Asheridge Road, Chesham, Buckinghamshire, HP5 2QD England Registered No. 4042808 (England)
www.axellwireless.com
Axell Wireless Limited
Technical Literature
Document Number 55-203201HBK
FM Rebroadcast Amplifier 55-203201
Issue No. 1
Date 22/12/2008
Page 20 of 23
A.4.
Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) Notice
The Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) Directive became law
in most EU countries during 2005. The directive applies to the disposal of
waste electrical and electronic equipment within the member states of the
European Union.
As part of the legislation, electrical and electronic equipment will feature the
crossed out wheeled bin symbol (see image at left) on the product or in the
documentation to show that these products must be disposed of in accordance
with the WEEE Directive.
In the European Union, this label indicates that this product should not be disposed of with
domestic or "ordinary" waste. It should be deposited at an appropriate facility to enable recovery
and recycling.
Axell Wireless Limited
Technical Literature
Document Number 55-203201HBK
FM Rebroadcast Amplifier 55-203201
Issue No. 1
Date 22/12/2008
Page 21 of 23
A.5.
Document Amendment Record
Issue
No.
Date
16/12/2008
Incorporated
by
AJS
22/12/2008
AJS
Axell Wireless Limited
Technical Literature
Document Number 55-203201HBK
Section
Amended
Reason for new issue
Draft
Issue
FM Rebroadcast Amplifier 55-203201
Issue No. 1
Date 22/12/2008
Page 22 of 23
Appendix B
B.1
Initial Equipment Set-Up Calculations
General Information
Site Name:
Client Name:
Date:
AWL Equip. Model No.
Antenna Systems
Model
Gain
Azimuth
Comments
Type
Loss
Length
Comments
A - Service Antenna
B – Donor Antenna
C – Service Feeder
D – Donor Feeder
Initial Parameters
E – CE Output Power
F – Antenna Isolation
G – Input signal level from donor BTS
Operating Voltage
Downlink Calculations
Parameter
Input signal level (G)
CE max. o/p power (E)
Gain setting
Isolation required
Service antenna gain (A)
Service antenna feeder loss (C)
Effective radiated power (ERP)
Attenuator setting
dBm
dB
dBm
Comments
Value
dBm
dBm
dB
dB
dB
dB
dBm
dB
E-G
(Gain + 10dB)
E+A-C
CE gain-gain setting
If the input signal level in the uplink path is known and steady, use the following calculation table to
determine the gain setting. If the CE features Automatic Gain Control the attenuator should be set
to zero and if not, then the attenuation setting for both uplink and downlink should be similar.
Uplink Calculations
Parameter
Input signal level
CE max. o/p power (E)
Gain setting
Required isolation
Donor antenna gain (B)
Donor antenna feeder loss (D)
Effective radiated power (ERP)
Attenuator setting
Comments
Value
E+B-D
(CE gain-gain setting)
Axell Wireless Limited
Technical Literature
Document Number 55-203201HBK
dBm
dBm
dB
dB
dB
dB
dBm
dB
FM Rebroadcast Amplifier 55-203201
Issue No. 1
Date 22/12/2008
Page 23 of 23

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