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COMPUTER SYSTEMS

MSOS
SORT/MERGE
REFERENCE MANUAL

CONTROL DATA
-

--~\

1--<

--~---

~--.

~A~

COMPUTER SYSTEMS

MSOS
SORT/MERGE
REFERENCE MANUAL

CONTROL DATA
CORPORATION

REVISION RECORD
REVISION
9/70

NOTES
Ori~al

PrintiIm:

Additional copies of this manual may be
obtained from the nearest Control Data
Corporation sales office.
Pub. No.

60281500

Address comments concerning this
manual to:
Control Data Corporation
Software Documentation
4201 North Lexington Avenue
St. Paul, Minnesota 55112
or use Comment Sheet in the back of
this manual.

CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION
Mas s Storage ~ort
1.1
Input
1.1.1
Intermediate Storage
1.1. 2
Output
1.1. 3
Hardware Requirements
1.1. 4
Tape Sort/Merge
1.2
Input
1. 2.1
Intermediate Storage
1. 2.2
Output
1. 2.3
Hardware Requirements
1. 2. 4

1-1
1-1
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2

CHAPTER 2

RECORDS AND RECORD FILES
Logical Records
2.1
Physical Records
2.2
Mas s Sto rage
2.2.1
Magnetic Tape
2.2.2
Record Strings
2.3
Record Files
2.4
Fixed Length File
2.4.1
Variable Length File
2.4.2
File Labels
2.5
Mass Storage File Labels
2.5.1
Magnetic Tape Labels
2.5.2
Record Block
2.6
Mass Storage Record Blocks
2.6.1
Magnetic Tape Record Blocks
2.6.2
Sort Keys
2.7

2-1
2-1
2-1
2-1
2-1
2-1
2-1
2-2
2-2
2-4
2-4
2-4
2-6
2-6
2-6
2-7

CHAPTER 3

MODIFICATION
Exit 1
3.1
3.1.1
3.1. 2
3.1. 3
3.1.4
Exit 2
3.2
3.2.1
3.2.2
3.2.3
3.2.4

3-1
3-3
3-3
3-3
3-4
3-4
3-4
3-4
3-4
3-4
3-4

CHAPTER 1

60281500

ROUTINE
Entry
Entry
Entry
Entry

1
2
3
4

Logical Record
Header Label (Tape)
Trailer Label (Tape)
End of Input

Entry
Entry
Entry
Entry

1
2
3
4

Logical Record
Header Label (Tape)
Trailer Label (Ta:pe)
End of Input

3.3

Exit 3
3.3.1
3.3.2
3.3.3
3.3.4

Entry
Entry
Entry
Entry

1
2
3
4

Logical Records
Header Label(Tape Output)
Trailer Label (Tape Output)
End of Job

3-5
3-5
3-6
3-6
3-6

CHAPTER 4

RESTART DUMP
Mass Storage Sort/Merge MSOS
4.1
4.2
Tape Sort/Merge MSOS/RTS

4-1
4-1
4-2

CHAPTER 5

LOGICAL UNIT ALLOCATION
5.1
Mas s Storage Sort
5.2
Tape Sort/Merge
Balanced Merge
5.2.1
Polyphase Merge
5.2.2

5-1
5-1
5-2
5-2
5-3

CHAPTER 6

PROGRAM PHASES
6.1
Sort Monitor
6.2
Edit Phase
Internal Sort Phase
6.3
6.4
Intermediate Merge Phase
Final Merge Phase
6.5
Mas s Storage Sort
6.6
Internal Sort Phase
6.6.1
Intermediate Merge Phase
6.6.2
Final Me rge Phase
6.6.3
Tape Sort/Merge
6.7
Internal Sort Phase
6.7.1
Intermediate Merge Phase
6.7.2
Final Merge Phase
6.7.3

6-1
6-1
6-1
6-2
6-4
6-5
6-6
6-6
6-7
6-7
6-8
6-8
6-13
6-21

CHAPTER 7

CONTROL CARDS
MSOS Control Cards
7.1
SEQUENCE (MSOS Only)
7.1.1
JOB
7.1. 2
EQUIP (MSOS and RTS)
7.1. 3
MSSORT
7.1. 4
SORT (TSM/MSOS Only)
7.1. 5
SORTK (TSM/RTS Only)
7.1. 6
END-OF- FILE (EOF)
7.1. 7
MSIO Control Cards (MSS Only)
7.2
RAT
7.2.1
FET
7.2.2
ALLOCATE
7.2.3
OPEN
7.2.4
EXPAND
7.2.5
MODIFY
7.2.6
CLOSE
7.2.7
RELEASE
7.2.8

7-1
7-2
7-2
7-3
7-4
7-5
7-6
7-6
7-7
7-7
7-8
7-10
7-12
7-13
7-14
7-14
7-14
7-15

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7.3

7.4

MSS Control Cards
7.3.1
Primary Control Cards
7. 3. 2
File Control Card
Nonstandard Output Label Control Card
7.3.3
Collating Sequence Control Card
7.3.4
Modification Control Card
7.3.5
9ENDMSS Control Card
7.3.6
ELD Loader Control Cards
7.3.7
TSM Control Cards
7. 4. 1
Master Control Cards
7.4.2
File Control Cards
7.4.3
Nonstandard Output Label Control Card
7. 4. 4
Collating Sequence Control Card
7.4.5
Modification Control Card
7.4. 6
9ENDSORT Control Card
7. 4. 7
ELD Loader Control Card

7-16
7-16
7-21
7-25
7-25
7-27
7-28
7-28
7-31
7-31
7-36
7-40
7-41
7-42
7-43
7-43

APPENDIX A

MASS STORAGE FILE LABEL

A-I

APPENDIX B

STANDARD FILE LABELS

B-1

APPENDIX C

MODIFICA TION ROUTINES

C-l

APPENDIX D

A LLOCATION OF INTERMEDIA TE MERGE FILES

D-l

APPENDIX E

STANDARD BCD COLLATING SEQUENCE

E-l

APPENDIX F

DIAGNOSTICS
Mas s Storage Sort/Merge
Tape Sort/Merge

F-l
F-l
F-15

60281500

iii

INTRODUCTION

This manual describes two Sort/Merge programs: Mass Storage Sort (MSS)
and Tape Sort/Merge (TSM). The function of the Sort/Merge program is the
manipulation and rearrangement of records according to user specifications
into a prescribed order or collating sequence.
Both Mass Storage Sort and Tape Sort/Merge execute under the CONTROL DAT A®
3100, 3200, 3300, or 3500 Computer Systems.
The Sort/Merge program is composed of the following phases:
Sort monitor phase
Edit phase
Internal sort phase
Intermediate merge phase
Final merge phase
The program is modular, providing the user with the following ope rations:
Sort-Only - The sort~nly routine rearra:qges records of one input file
into an order specified by the user.
Merge-Only - The merge-only routine combines from 2 through 15 input
files into one output file.
Sort and Merge - The sort and merge operation sorts the input file and
merges the output with one or more presorted files.
In this manual Mass Storage Sort and Tape Sort/Merge is referred to as MSS
and TSM respectively.

1.1

MASS STORAGE
SORT

The Mass Storage Sort program is on the library of the Mass Storage Operating
System (MSOS). The user calls MSS into core by the MSOS control card MSSORT.

1.1.1

INPUT

The input to the MSS program consists of:
MSS control cards that describe input and output files and specify sequences
and orders of these files.
Input files on either magnetic tape or mass storage.

60281500

1-1

1.1.2
INTERMEDIATE
STORAGE

The intermediate storage area for Mass Storage Sort must be on mass storage
intermediate merge files. The intermediate merge files constitute one of the
prime differences between the Mass Storage Sort program and the Tape Sort/
Merge program.

1.1.3
OUTPUT

The output for MSS is on magnetic tape or mass storage.

1.1.4
HARDWARE
REQUIREMENTS

Mass Storage Sort requires the minimum MSOS configuration.
Reference Manual, Pub. No. 60173000.

1.2
TAPE
SORT/MERGE

1.2.1
INPUT

Refer to MSOS

The Tape Sort/Merge program is on the library of either the Mass Storage
Operating System (MSOS) or the Real Time Scope Operating System (RTS). The
Sort/Merge program, as well as any user modification routines, is loaded by
the MSOS/RTS r-elocatable binary loader and uses the MSOS/RTS Central Input/
Output and Central Interrupt Control package for all required input and output.

Input for the Tape Sort/Merge program consists of:
Sort control cards that describe input and output file parameters and specify
record order and sequencing for the files.
Magnetic tape files.

1.2.2
INTERMEDIATE
STORAGE

The intermediate storage areas for Tape Sort/Merge consist of user specified
magnetic scratch tapes.

1.2.3
OUTPUT

Output for Tape Sort/Merge is entirely on magnetic tape.

1.2.4
HARDWARE
REQUIREMENTS

Tape Sort/Merge requires the following equipment configuration:
3100, 3200, 3300, or 3500 Computer System
Console typewriter

1-2

60281500

MSOS/RTS Operating System files or units
standard input
standard output
library (magnetic tape for RTS; mass storage for MSOS)
Magnetic tape units
3-15 for polyphase merge
4-16 (in even increments) for balanced merge

60281500

1-3

RECORDS AND RECORD FILES

Records and record files playa primary role in the operations of the Sort/Merge
program in that they provide the basic source of input and output for sorting
and/or merging routines. A thorough understanding of records and files in terms
of their structures and formats is essential to the user in order to provide him
with a correct understanding and application of the Sort/Merge program.
Those readers who feel they hflve an adequate understanding of records and
record files may move ahead to the next chapter.

2.1
LOGICAL
RECORDS

A logical record is a collection of related facts or fields of information. Each
logical record processed by Sort/Merge must contain a minimum of 17 characters.

2.2
PHYSICAL
RECORDS

A physical record is a group of one or more logical records.

2.2.1

MASS STORAGE

Mass storage physical records are addressable units (tracks or sectors) on
which a file structure is superimposed.

2.2.2

MAGNETIC TAPE

2.3
RECORD STRINGS

A physical record on magnetic tape contains a fixed number of logical records
between two inter-record gaps.

Record strings consist of groups of logical records sequenced into a specified
order during a sort and/or merge phase operation.
The record strings serve as a source of output for the internal sort phase and
as both input and output for both the intermediate and final merge phases.

2.4
RECORD FILES

A record file consists of a complete set of logical records treated as a unit of
information. Logical records within a file can be in either binary or BCD (binary
coded decimal) mode depending on the mode of the file on which they are written.
A file may be either fixed length or variable length according to the structure of
the records within it.

60281500

2-1

2.4.1
FIXED
LENGTH FILE

A file is fixed length if all the logical records within the file contain the same
number of characters.
Example:
FILE

2.4.2
VARIABLE
LENGTH FILE

A variable length file consists of logical records, each of which can contain a
varying number of characters.
Example:
FILE

The user specifies variable length files by selecting one of the four types of
variable length record indicators.
Character Count
A record character count of one to four characters located at the beginning of
each file indicates to Sort/Merge the total number of characters (including
itself) in a variable length file. Additional record character count fields located
within each record of the file indicate the number of characters, including
itself, in each record.
The character count field must occupy the same relative position within each
logical record of the file.
The size, mode, and relative position of the record character count are specified
on a file control card (see sections 7.3.2 and 7.4.2) and must be consistent for
all records of any given sort run.

2-2

60281500

When allocating intermediate merge files make certain the one to four characters
of the record character count field are included into the total character count
calculation when specifying the block size for each file (see section 5.1).
Example:
Character count fields for both the file and records are indicated by shaded
areas.
FILE

Record Mark
A special record mark 728 terminates each logical record.
As a record mark of a logical record is processed, a one-word character count
field is inserted by the Sort/Merge program. Sort/Merge uses this field (in
binary) for internal processing (sort and/or merge) - The user retains this
field on the output file by specifying the character count field on the output file control card, (sections 7.3.2 and 7.4.2), making certain to include the four characters of the record character count in specifying the size of each logical record.
If the user specifies other than the character count for the output file, the
Sort/Merge program eliminates the count field.
Example:

72 8

____________________

____

____________

____

_ _- - L

Universal Header (MSS Only)
A one word universal header is located as the first word of a logical record.
Each universal header specifies the character length, and record type (end-offile record or data record) of the record in which it appears, excluding itself.
The universal header is specified by the user on the file control card (sections
7. 3.2 and 7.4.2). A universal header is written in BCD or binary corresponding to the mode of the file.

60281500

2-3

The universal header has the following format:
23

1m Ie
m

r1
1

Binary mode

BCD

End-of-file record

Data record

character length of record, excluding the four characters of the
record header

Interrecord Gap (MSS Only)
Each unblocked variable length record on a magnetic tape file is terminated by
an interrecord gap.
As each interrecord gap is processed, the Sort/Merge program adds a binary
character count field of four characters to the beginning of each record for
internal processing.
Example:
CONTROL DATA CORP.
A-I

763-10-1390

2.5
FILE LABELS
2.5.1
MASS STORAGE
FILE LABELS

2.5.2
MAGNETIC
TAPE LABELS

2-4

MSOS requires labels for all mass storage files. File labels for mass storage
are constructed by the system to conform to the label format specified in
appendix A.

Header and trailer labels are optional on magnetic tape files. If labeled files
are specified by the user, the labels may be specified as standard or non-standard header labels with or without corresponding standard or non-standard
trailer labels. The formats for standard header and trailer labels are in
appendix B.

60281500

Standard Labels
Header. An 80 character standard header label is written by tape Sort/Merge
on each work tape during the intermediate merge phase of the program. Tape
Sort/Merge reads or writes header labels in the same density as the data file.
Sort/Merge checks standard header labels for input files by comparing them with
information specified by the user on the input file control card (section 7.4.2).
If the information does not agree, sort types a message on the eTO (console
typewriter). The operator then accepts or rechecks the label or deletes the job.
Sort/Merge constructs standard header labels for output files from the information contained in the output file control card (section 7.4.2). When the user
does not provide an output file control card, Sort/Merge constructs the header
label using the standard header specification from the input file control cards.
Trailer. A standard trailer label consists of 80 characters preceded and
followed by an end-of-file mark. Tape Sort/Merge reads or writes a trailer
label in the same mode and density as the data file.
Sort/Merge checks a standard trailer label by comparing the record block count
against the number of phYSical blocks actually read. If the count does not agree,
it types a message on the eTO. The operator may then continue or terminate
the job.
\Vhen the user specifies trailer labels on the file control card (section 7.4.2),
Sort/Merge writes a standard trailer label on each output tape.
Nonstandard Labels
Header. A 17 to 120 character nonstandard header label is read or written in
the same mode and density as the data file. The user specifies a nonstandard
header label on the file control card (section 7.4.2).
A nonstandard header label specified for an input file consists of the first
physical record read from the file. Nonstandard header labels for input files
are not checked by Sort/Merge but are verified by the user at program exits 1
and 2 (chapter 3).
The user requests nonstandard header labels on output files on the file control
card (section 7.4.2). The contents of the nonstandard label are specified by the
user on the nonstandard output label control card (section 7.4. 3). If neither card
is present Sort/Merge provides a diagnostic.
If the user specifies a e in column 29 of the output file control card, the non-

standard header label for the input file is copies as the header for the output
file. A nonstandard trailer label is not written in this case.

60281500

2-5

Trailer. A 17 to 120 character nonstandard trailer label is read or written in
the same mode and density as the data file.
Nonstandard trailer labels for input files are optionally checked by the user, not
Sort/Merge, at program exits 1 and 2.
Nonstandard trailer labels for output files are optionally constructed by the user
at program exit 3 (section 3. 2).

2.6
RECORD BLOCK

2.6.1
MASS STORAGE
RECORD BLOCKS

A record block is a fixed-length physical record that can contain one or more
logical records per physical record, or a logical record equal to a physical
record, according to user specifications on the file control card.

The user specifies record block size in columns 9 through 12 on the file control
card (section 7.3.2) when describing a mass storage data file for allocation.
The block size is always fixed length for a given file and can be no more than
4095 characters long.
To get optimum utilization of available mass storage when specifying record
blocks, select a number of records whose total character count approximates
as closely as possible a multiple of the 256 character sector increments used
in allocating mass storage record blocks.
The first word of each mass storage record block must contain, in binary, the
number of the next logically sequential block in the file. The second word must
contain, in binary, the number of data characters in the block, including the
character of the two word record block header.
Data files are structured two ways on mass storage blocks, sequentially or in a
chained formation.
Sequential Files
In sequential files, records are arranged to be read successively:
record 1, block 1
record 2, block 1. ••
record 1, block 2
record 2, block 2...
record x, block n

2-6

60281500

Chained Files
In chained files, each record has a field containing the address (block number
followed by the character position in the block) of the next record in sequence.
This address must be the first field in the record. The first record in the file
must be a dummy record containing only the address of the first record. The
address field in the last record must be all 7's.

2.6.2
MAGNETIC TAPE
RECORD BLOCKS

Physical tape records are substituted for data blocks to contain this specified
number of logical records.
Record blocks on magnetic tape contain either fixed or variable length records.
The blocks must be sequential but do not require the two-word block number and
character length described for mass storage.

2.7
SORT KEYS

A sort key is a field of information within a record, such as a name, social
security number, or address which has the same position relative to the first
character position of each record within a file.
Example:
Logical record format' NAME' AGE' DEPT' SALARY
Sort
Key 1

Sort
Sort
Key 2 Key 3

Sort
Key 4

I DATE

EMPLOYED'

Sort
Key 5

Both Mass Storage Sort and Tape Sort/Merge use sort keys in processing
requests for sort and/or merge operations. Sort/Merge compares the contents
of sort keys between pairs of records character by character according to a
sequence (ascending or descending) specified by the user. When Sort/Merge
finds inequality between sort key characters, it sequences the two records
according to the specified collating sequence.
Variable length and fixed length records located on two or more files can be
sorted together using the comparison of sort keys within each record if the sort
keys specified for the sort routine have the same designated information and
location in relation to the beginning of each record.

60281500

2-7

Example

o
Fixed

length
rec~rds

AGE

DEPT

SALARY

NAME

AGE

DEPT

SALARY

NAME
____

____

NAME

o
Variable
length
records

DATE
EMPLOYED
DATE
EMPLOYED

________L -_ _ _ _. -_ _

DATE
EMPLOYED
____________

SECURITY
LEVEL
________

Both types of records can be sorted on the basis of name, age, department,
salary, or date employed because each of these sort keys contains the same
general type of information and is located in the same character position for
all three records.
The user identifies the sort key fields through parameters on the Primary (MSS)
or MASTER (TSM) control cards.
A summary of these parameters is as follows:
Each sort key field has an associated collating sequence and order which
is either ascending or descending.
A sort key must be a multiple of 6-bit bytes.
per word.

There are four 6-bit bytes

The maximum number of sort keys are arranged in a hierarchical order
with each sort key listed having processing priority over the sort keys to
its right.
The total number of characters for all sort keys must not exceed the logical
record size.
Sort keys within a record need not have the same collating sequence or
order. For example:

Sort Key
1
2
3

4
5

2-8

Key Contents
Name
Age
Department
Salary
Employment Date

Collating
Sequence
BCD
BCD
Binary
Binary
BCD

Order
ascending
descending
ascending
ascending
descending

Priority Rank
1
2
3
4
5

60281500

If two records being compared contain identical sort key information for the

first sort key (e. g., if the last name and initials in the preceeding example were
the same) the comparison of the records moves to the next level of sort keys
(sort key 2). If an inequality between the keys exists, the records are sequenced
in the order specified by the user for that key field (descending order in the case of
the example). If no inequality was found during the comparison of the second
level sort key, Sort/Merge continues the comparison of the remaining sort keys
of both records according to their listed orders until an inequality exists, or
until all keys within both records have been processed.

60281500

2-9

MODIFICATION ROUTINES

Modification routines are not requirements of either Mass Storage Sort or
Tape Sort/Merge programs but are extremely useful in sorting and/or
merging mixed typed records (fixed length with variable length, record
character count with universal records, etc.). These routines provide
the user with the means of modifying, inserting, or deleting segments of
records or inconsistent structures between records to provide compatible
sort key structures (in terms of relative character positions, mode and
size) required for any sort and/or merge operation (section 2.7).
The user has the option of providing modification routines through three program exits during a Mass Storage Sort or Tape Sort/Merge run.
Each modification routine is user written.
All modification routines must be previously assembled in relocatable binary
on the standard input unit or some other specified unit indicated by EXIT control cards (section 7. 3. 5 and 7. 4. 5).
Input/output operations requested by the user must be handled by MSOS or RTS.
The user can specify one or a combination of the following modification routines
for each program exit:
Verification of file labels
Modification of file and/or record labels
Deletion of logical records and/or record labels
Insertion of logical records and/or record labels
Generation of operator messages
The three program exits occur during the Sort/Merge program as follows:

60281500

Exit 1

The logical record or the file label has been read and is ready to
be passed to the internal sort phase.

Exit 2

The logical record or the label of a presorted merge input file
has been read and is ready to be merged.

Exit 3

The logical record or the label is ready to be moved to the final
output buffer.

3-1

The user requests entry to a modification routine by supplying one modification
control card for each program exit. When a request occurs, the edit phase
places the number of the exit in the program loader list for loading during the
appropriate phase. Modification routines must not use the data area.
The user must save the contents of any register used in an exit routine and
restore them if they are used during exeuction of a modification routine.
All modification routines within each program exit must be written as a closed
subroutine with an eight-word transfer vector. The first word of the transfer
vector is the entry point in the card. There can be only one named entry point
in each routine. The coding sequence for the modification routine is as follows:
(entry 1)

(entry 2)

(entry 3)

(entry 4)

name

UJP

address of user logical record checking routine

UJP

address of user header label checking routine

UJP

address of user trailer label checking routine

UJP

address of user routine for end of input
entry point name of the modification routine
for a specific exit.

If the user specifies operator control, the Sort/Merge return jump (RT J)
places the normal return address in the requested entry (name, name + 2,
name + 4, name + 6) to the modification routine.
If the user does not want control for a particular option, he must select a
normal return for that option. Sort enters the user modification routine for
each of the four options. The normal return is to the UPJ ** (unconditional
jump) at the respective entry point. The user may elect alternate returns by
incrementing the normal return address by either one or two.

3-2

60281500

Example:
To check only the header label of an input file, the transfer vector of the
routine would be as follows:
Entry names

3.1
EXIT 1

3.1.1
ENTRY 1
LOGICAL RECORD

UJP
UJP
UJP
U JP
UJP
UJP
UJP
UJP

**
*-1
**
check header
**
*-1
**
*-1

Exit 1 can be taken after each logical input record is read, but before it is
transferred from the input buffer to the record storage area. The user has the
option of accepting control after each header label, trailer label, or logical
record has been read.

Logical records can be accepted (unmodified or modified) by a normal return,
inserted by adding one to the normal return address, or deleted by adding two
to the normal return address. When the routine is entered, the A register
contains the character address of the record just read; the Q register contains
the record length.
If a record is to be accepted, modified (except for a length increase), or
deleted, the A and Q registers should have the same contents at exit as when
the routine was entered.

When a record is to be lengthened, the user must assemble it in a work area and
must modify the A and Q registers to reflect the new record address and length.
Similarly, an inserted record must be read into a user area and the A and Q
registers modified to reflect its address and length.
Sort/Merge enters an inserted record "into the sort routine and then returns to
the user exit with the A and Q registers set to the address and length of the
record just read from the input file. The same record is referenced each time
this exit is taken until it is either accepted or deleted.

3.1.2
ENTRY 2
HEADER LABEL
(TAPE)

60281500

A standard or nonstandard header label may be accepted by a normal return,
rechecked by adding one to the normal return address, or rejected by adding
two to the normal return address. If the recheck option is taken, the operator
is instructed to mount a new tape. The reject option terminates the job.

3-3

3.1.3
ENTRY 3
TRAilER lABEL
(TAPE)
3.1.4
ENTRY 4
END OF INPUT

A standard or nonstandard trailer label may be accepted by a normal return
or rejected (terminating the job) by adding one to the normal return address.

The end-of-input exit occurs at the completion of reading all sort input and
before completion of the internal sort. Sorting continues when the normal
return is taken. Logical records may be inserted by adding one to the normal
return address, or the job may be terminated by adding two to the normal
return address. Logical records are inserted in the same way as in entry 1.
Sort/Merge takes this exit after each record insertion until a continue or termination return is executed.

3.2
EXIT 2

3.2.1
ENTRY 1
lOGICAL RECORD

Sort/Merge can take exit 2 after reading each logical record from a presorted
merge input file (for either a sort/merge or merge only run), but before
entering the record into the merge routine. Sort/Merge also takes this exit
after reading each tape header or trailer label and at the end of input for each
file.

Logical records are accepted (unmodified or modified) by a normal return,
inserted by adding one to the normal return. When the routine is entered, bit
23-18 of the A register contain the file identification character from column 2
of the file control card, bits 16-00 of A contain the character address of the
record just read, and the Q register contains the length of the record.
Records are accepted, modified, inserted, or deleted as in entry 1, exit 1
(section 3.1). If the user elects to assemble logical records within his modification routine, he must provide a separate work area for each merge input
file. Sort/Merge saves the address returned in the A register and does not
move the record until it has been merged and transferred to the output buffer.
This transfer takes place after the modification routine for exit 3, if any, has
been executed.

3.2.2
ENTRY 2 HEADER
lABEL (TAPE)

The description of entry 2, exit 1 (section 3.1) applies to this entry also.

3.2.3
ENTRY 3 TRAilER
lABEL (TAPE)

The description of entry 3, exit 1 (section 3.1) applies to this entry.

3.2.4
ENTRY 4
END OF INPUT

3-4

The end-of-input exit occurs at the completion of all merge input data from each
merge input file. Merging can be continued by a normal return, or the job can
be terminated by adding two to the normal return address. The user can insert

60281500

logical records by adding one to the normal return address and following the
procedure described for entry 1, exit 1 (section 3.1). This exit is taken after
each record insertion until a continue or termination return is executed.

3.3
EXIT 3

Sort/Merge can take exit 3 after merging each record but before moving the
record to the final output area. The user has the option of accepting control at
the following times:
Before each logical record
At the end of the job
Before each header or trailer label (tape output file only)
Before end-of-reel, or end-of file is written (tape output file only)

3.3.1
ENTRY 1
LOGICAL RECORDS

Logical records are accepted (modified or unmodified) by a normal return,
inserted by adding one to the normal return address, or deleted by adding two
to the normal return address.
Record modifications at this exit are limited; neither the sort key nor the
record length may be changed.
When a Sort/Merge take this exit, bits 16 through 00 of the A register contain
the character address of the current record and bits 16 through 00 of the Q
register contain the character address of the immediately preceding record.
Index register 3 contains zero when the sort keys of these two records are
equal. This routine provides the user with a means of obtaining a summary of
sorted output containing identical records and of reducing these records to a
single record by summarizing into the previous record and deleting the current
record for equal keys.
A logical record, which must agree with the description in the output file card,
is inserted by placing its character address in A, the number of characters
in index register 1, and the character address of the previous record in the Q
register before taking the insert return. Sort/Merge accepts the inserted
record for transfer to the final output area and then returns to this exit. The
A and Q registers are set to the address of the current and previous records
before the insert return was taken. Sort/Merge refers to these two records each
time this exit is taken until the current record is either accepted or deleted.

60281500

3-5

3.3.2
ENTRY 2
HEADER LABEL
(TAPE OUTPUT)

At entry 2 the user changes or replaces a standard or nonstandard header label
after it has been generated but before it is written. The first word address of
the label is in the A register and the label character length is in the Q register.
Upon normal return, Sort/Merge writes the label whose first word address and
length are in the A and Q registers. The user may terminate the job by adding
one or two to the normal return address.

3.3.3
ENTRY 3
TRAILER LABEL
(TAPE OUTPUT)

Upon entry to the user modification routine, the A register is positive for the
end of an intermediate output reel or negative for the final output reel. The user
may change the contents of the trailer label before taking either return. If the
normal return is elected, Sort/Merge request s a new output reel when required
and continues the sort or merge to completion. A sort or merge can be terminated at the end of any final output reel by adding one to the normal return
address. The first word address of the'trailer label must be in the A register
and the character length must be in the Q register before either return is taken.

3.3.4
ENTRY .4
END OF JOB

The job is complete. When the user returns from this exit, Sort/Merge returns
control to MSOS.
Refer to Appendix C for the table summarizing the structure and use of Sort/
Merge program exits.

3-6

60281500

RESTART DUMP

Sort/Merge provides the user with a restart dump feature which is effective in
processing jobs where a large amount of time is wasted if an irrecoverable
error occurred. That is, by using a restart dump the user eliminates repetition
of successfully completed passes of the program reducing the number of costly
delays and wasted man hours. When the user specifies a restart dump Sort/
Merge writes a restart dump consisting of the contents of core and all registers
at the end of the internal sort phase and after each intermediate merge pass.
If hardware errors occur during the job run or if the operator terminates the
job either through error or due to a scheduled stop, the restart of the job can be
scheduled for an immediate restart at the time of termination or at a later point
in time using the contents of the restart dump as input.

4.1

MASS STORAGE
SORT/MERGE
MSOS

A restart dump option is specified by the user on the primary control card
(section 7.3.1). MSS repositions each dump pointer back to its original
location in core. Thus, only one core dump appears on the restart file at any
time.
The size of the restart file is determined by the amount of core required by MSS.
If the user requests an external restart, that is a restart of MSS at a later point
in time, he must allocate his own restart file. In allocating the restart file the

user must provide the required MSIO control cards (section 7.2) and a file
control card (columns 3, 4, 20, and 21, section 7.3.2). One block containing
seven tracks of mass storage is sufficient for all dumps.
If an MSS run terminates before completion of the internal sort phase

(MERGE PASS/or FINAL MERGE has not appeared on the eTO) the operator
reruns the job from the beginning.
If the program terminates abnormally either through system or operator error

after the internal sort phase is completed, the operator restarts the program
from the point at which the last restart dump was taken.
To restart, the operator performs the following steps:

60281500

Removes any control cards which allocate files

Sets SELECT JUMP 6

Resubmits the job as if starting from the beginning

4-1

If a parity error or length error occurs on a read during a merge pass and
operator action is specified on the primary control card (section 7.3.1) MSS
types the following message on the CTO:

A MSRT 215 B UNIT no.

READ PARITY
~
BUFFER LENGTH~ R, A, S

The operator responds by typing one of the following:
R

retry the read

restart the job

abort the job

MSS resumes processing or terminates the job according to the option selected.

4.2
TAPE
SORT/MERGE
MSOS/RTS

The user specifies a restart dump on the master control card (column 7,
section 7.4.1).
TSM writes the restart dump on the scratch tape containing the least amount of
information.
The restart dump consists of the contents of all control registers and storage,
with the exceptions of the MSOS/RTS resident monitor and any priority programs.
CTO types the following message after a restart dump is written:
I TSRT 230 B RESTART INDENT lurc
lu - Logical unit number of tape containing the restart dump
rc - Restart code
For additional recovery protection, SELECT JUMP 5 is set to allow for a
programmed stop at the completion of each intermediate merge pass before
the current restart dump is written. At this time, the operator can remove
the last set of intermediate merge input tapes and save them for a restart from
the beginning of that merge pass. Additional work tapes are required to replace
them on line.
The CTO prints the following message at the end of the recovery protection
routine:
A TSRT 317 B UNITS no. ,no. ,no. , MAY
BE SAVED FOR RESTART
The operator performs the following steps to restart the program if the
program was terminated prematurely or, if intermediate tapes removed from
the tape units for additional recovery protection are to serve as input for the
restart:
1.

4-2

Mount each intermediate merge input tape on the logical tape unit

60281500

from which it was removed. The equipment configuration on the
computer must be the same as when the restart dump was written.
Scratch tapes must be mounted on the proper merge output units.
2.

Reload on INP the MSOS/RTS control cards (SEQUENCE - MSOS only,
JOB, EQUIP, and SORT) required to restore the resident TSM program
to pre-restart status and load the TSM program.

Set SELECT JUMP 6 to ON. Upon reading the SORT control card,
SCOPE loads the TSM monitor and gives control to TSM. The SORT
monitor interrogates SELECT JUMP 6 and enters the restart program.

The restart program writes the following message on the CTO requesting
the operator to enter the restart identification.
A TSRT 315 B ENTER RESTART, lurc
lu - Logical unit number of tape containing dump
rc - Restart code

To do an internal restart during a current merge pass of a Sort/Merge run, the
operator:
1.

Sets SELECT JUMP 6 to ON.

Enters the restart identification when the system requests it.

The re start programs on the basis of the restart identification submitted by the
operator, performs the following operations:
Relocates the restart dump
Repositions all work tapes
Checks labels
Continues the Sort/Merge program

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4-3

LOGICAL UNIT ALLOCATION

5.1

MASS STORAGE
SORT

Input and output files are locat ed on magnetic tape or any of the following mass
storage devices:
CONTROL DATA®813 Disk File
CONTROL DATA® 814 Disk File
CONTROL DATA®853 Disk Storage Drive
CONTROL DATA® 854 Disk Storage Drive
In combining both mass storage and magnetic tape the user can specify mass
storage input with magnetic tape output or vice versa.

Tape units assigned as input and/or output files for MSS require an MSOS EQUIP
control card (section 7. 1. 3).
When allocating mass storage for input and/or output files the user must specify the files on the MSOS file control cards (section 7.3.2), and on the appropriated MSIO control cards (section 7.2).
MSS operations require two intermediate merge files functioning as intermediate
storage areas for record strings processed during the internal sort and intermediate merge phases of MSS. These files are allocated either by MSS or the
user. The greatest speed in sort/merge operations is realized if the user
allocates each intermediate file on a different on-line device which provides
simultaneous read/write as well as reduction in sort time.
The user calculates the specifications for the intermediate merge files by
first determining the character size per sector. The 813, 814, 853, and 854
mass storage devices contain 256 characters per sector. The write instruction for the mass storage device always starts within the beginning of a sector.
Unused character locations are filled with zeros and the next instruction begins
at a new sector within mass storage. If the record block overlfows the sector,
the following sector is used.
When allocating intermediate merge files, block sizes must be specified in
multiples of whole sectors (256 character). The optimum size of a block must
not exceed 1280 characters per block. This number is selected because it is
a multiple of the 256 characters per sector and is not so large that it forces
the program to allocate huge output buffers.

60281500

5-1

Example:
Given twenty character records in the input file, blocked five records of
108 characters per block, the user allocates the intermediate file blocks
as follows:
1.

2.
3.

1280 optimum block size
-8 header
1272 possible character locations
63 possible records/block to allocate
20 char /1272
63
x20
1260
+8
1268

characters/record
characters/block
characters/header
size of intermediate block

In this example, 12 characters every 5 sectors or 99% of mass storage is used,
providing optimum use of available disk storage.
For applications that require a more precise estimate of the optimum size for
intermediate merge files, see Appendix D.

5.2
TAPE
SORT/MERGE

5.2.1
BALANCED MERGE

Tape Sort/Merge requires logical tape units specified by the user on both the
MSOS EQUIP control card (section 7.1. 3) and the MASTER control card
(section 7.4.1). The specifications depend on whether the user has specified
a balanced merge or a polyphase merge routine (section 7.4.1) for the Sort/
Merge program ..

The total number of tape units (4-16) for a balanced merge are specified in
even increments. The tape units included in the left half of the tape list are
used for input during the internal sort phase. The units listed in the right half
of the list are used as output during the first pass of the Intermediate Merge
Phase. If the number of tape units specified equals T, a maximum of T /2
units can also be specified as the following units:
Input and alternate input
Output and alternate output
Modification units

5-2

60281500

These tapes must be included in the right half of the list. If not, the list will
be interchanged. If more than T/2 have been specified, the edit phase attempts
to rearrange the extra units to fit within the available number of tape units
giving the operator the option to accept the changes or terminate the job.

5.2.2
POLYPHASE
MERGE

The user can allocate 3-15 tape units for the polyphase merge routine. For a
number of tape units larger than 8, the polyphase merge routine tends to lose
its effectiveness in speed of processing. The last tape unit in the list of tape
units specified in columns 11-42 of the master control card is assigned as the
output tape unit for the first intermediate merge pass (section 7.4.1). Only
one unit of the following can be specified in the tape units list:
Input
Alternate input
Modification unit

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5-3

PROGRAM PHASES

This section discusses the general responsibilities and operations for each
phase of the Sort/Merge program. The explanation is general enough and the
similarities great enough so that it applies to both the Mass Storage Sort and
Tape Sort/Merge programs.

6.1

SORT MONITOR

The Sort Monitor performs the following functions:
Provides the communication link between the Sort/Merge program (Mass
Storage Sort or Tape Sort/Merge) and the control system (MSOS or RTS).
Is responsible for the loading of the individual program phases.
Supervises interface control between sort/merge phases during the
program run.

6.2
EDIT PHASE

The edit phase has the following responsibilities during the Sort/Merge program:
Reads the program control cards form
,.., the standard input unit and examines
the control card parameters.
Prints control cards and control card diagnostics on the standard output
unit if it encounters parameter errors or inconsistencies.
Calculates the internal parameters (sort capacity, size of record storage
area in core) used by the internal sort and intermediate merge phases.
Determines what portions of the Sort/Merge program are required and
constructs a program load so that the sort monitor loads only the modules
and modification routines needed for the requested job.
Types the mounting instructions for the sort input file.
Reassigns logical units when necessary.

60281500

6-1

6.3
INTERNAL
SORT PHASE

The steps involved in the sort phase are as follows:
L

Reads records from a logical input unit onto two program assigned
buffers.

From the buffer areas the records transfer to the tournament
selection area where the sorting of the records takes place.

The sorting of records is based on a replacement selection technique
Records are compared in pairs on the basis of user specified sort keys.
The sort-key-compare routine cycles through the sort keys, character
by character, until an inequality between characters occurs. If the
first sort key of both records compare equally, the compare routine
moves to the next sort key. When an inequality occurs, the lower
ordered record (if ascending sequencing has been specified) is declared
the winner of the first level comparison. This record in turn is moved
to the next level of comparison where it is compared with the winner of
the adjoining pair of records. This compare and advance routine
continues until one record out of the records being compared is declared
the ultimate winner.

Example of the replacement selection technique:

Record 1
1st Record Pair
Record 2

Record 3
2nd Record Pair
Record 4
Record 8
Record 5

(Ultimate
winner)

Record 5

:3rd Record Pair
Record 6
Record 7
4th Record Pair
Record 8
1st Record
Compare
(Composed of
original record
input)

6-2

2nd Record
Compare
(Composed of
winners from
the 1st record
compare)

3rd Record
Compare
(Composed of
winners from
the 2nd record
compare)

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The winning record from the compare routine is transferred to the
output buffers. Its location in the tournament selection area is taken
by a new record from the input buffer, and the replacement selection
technique continues with the new record.

Winning records are placed in the output buffers until a break in
sequence occurs, that is the winner of a record comparison routine
being lower ordered (in the case of ascending sequencing; higher
ordered for descending)"than the records in the buffer. The program
then structures the records within the output buffer into a record string.
The winning record causing the sequence break is placed onto the
output buffers to begin a new string.

The record string formed in the output buffer is written on the
intermediate storage unit.

The sort routine continues until all records from the input unit have been
compared and sequenced into record strings and placed on the appropriate
intermediate storage unit(s).
Sort Phase

,---------~

I------+---;

Winning Records

Hecord

of the [om'u,u,,",,[

Sj)trings

<..,"'.....

Merge
Selection
Area

Tape No.

Number of strings located
on tapes after each subpass

1
2

3
4
5
6

60281500

'\. '0

1
2
2
2

1
1
1
1

6-15

Third Subpass

o
o
Tape No.
1
2
3
4
5
6

Number of strings located
on tapes after each subpass
1
2
2
2
0
0

1
1
1
1
1
0

1
0
0
0
1
1

If in this example more record strings were located on tape 2, 3, and 4, the
intermediate merge pass would continue with merge pass 2, 3, ••• etc.,
following the same subpass distribution pattern until all record strings were
read off these three tapes. The two sets of work tapes reverse operations;
that is, the input tapes become output tapes and the output tapes become input
tapes. The reversal of tape functions continues until a single record string is
located on each tape of a work tape group_

Polyphase Merge
For a polyphase merge, the intermediate merge phase performs successive
merge passes until one string remains on each of the input tapes. The distribution pattern for this phase involves the following operations:
1.

6-16

The last tape listed on the EQUIP control statement is reserved as the
output unit for the record string output from the first intermediate
merge pass.

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Each tape containing record string output during the internal sort
phase distributes onto the output tape a number of strings remaining
on one of the input tapes at the beginning of the intermediate merge
phase.

For the second merge pass and subsequent merge passes the tape with
no record strings at the completion of the previous merge pass is reassigned by the system as the output tape for the particular pass.

The number of strings distributed from each of the input tapes to the
output tape during a particular merge pass is based on the smallest
number of strings remaining on one of the input tapes at the beginning
of that merge pass.

Merge Pass 1. The following example used the record string distribution
from the internal sort example for a polyphase merge (section 6.7.1).
Input tape unit 4 is reassigned as the output tape for the 1st merge subpass.
The number of record strings read off tapes 1, 2, and 3 for merging onto tape
4 equal the lowest number of record strings located on anyone of the input
tapes at the beginning of the merge pass (in this case tape 3 and 4 record
strings). Therefore, four record strings are read from each tape (a record
string from each tape per subpass) and merged into 4 record strings to be
distributed on tape 4.
Firs t Subpas s

1 string

1 strin
1 string
1 string

Merge
Selection
Area

Input Buffers

Tape No.

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Merged
Records

Output Buffers

Number of strings remaining
after each subpass

1
2

6
5

6-17

Second Subpass

Tape No.

Number of strings remaining
after each subpass

1
2
3
4

IJ------

6
5
3
1

1 merged
string

Merge
Selection
Area

Third Subpass

Tape No.

Number of strings remaining
after each subpass

1
2

3
4

5
4

5
3
1

3
1
3

2
2

1 merged
string

Merge
Selection
Area

Fourth Subpas s

Tape No,
1 string

5
3
1

3
4
1 merged
string

Number of strings remaining
after each subpass
5
4

2
2

2
0

Merge Pass 1

Merge Selection
Area

6-18

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Merge Pass 2. For the second merge pass, tape 3 is assigned as the output tape.
The two record strings located on tape 2 determine the number of record strings
to be read from tapes 1, 2, and 4 during this merge pass.
Firs t Subpas s

Number of strings remaining
after each subpass

Tape No,
1
2
3
4

1 string

5
2
2
2

6
5
3
1

4
3
1
3

Merge Pass 1

1 string

2
1
1
3

3
2

Merge Selection
Area

Second Subpas s

Tape No,

Number of strings remaining
after each subpass

1
2
3

~ ~

4
3
1
3

3
2
0

Merge Pass 1

1 string
---

2
1
1
3

1
0
2
2

Merge
Pass 2

Merge Selection
Area

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6-19

Merge Pass 3. One record string is read from tapes 1, 3, and 4, merged, and
relocated on tape 2.

1 string

Merge Selection
Area

Tape No.
1
2
3
4

Number of strings remaining
after each subpass
6

5
3
1

5
4
2
2

4
3
1
3

Merge Pass
1

6-20

3
2
0
4

2
1
1
3

1
0
2
2

Merge
Pass 2

0
1
1
1
Merge
Pass 3

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6.7.3
FINAL
MERGE PHASE

The final merge involves merging of the record strings from the intermediate
merge phase with any presorted files into a single record string, and writing
this final string onto a magnetic tape.

Balanced Merge
The single record strings located on tapes 1, 5, and 6 at the completion of the
intermediate merge phase are merged into a final record string and written
onto output tape 2.

Final strin

o
o

Merged
strin

Input
Buffer

Merge
Selection
Area

Output
Buffer

Polyphase Merge
The single record strings remaining on tapes 2, 3, and 4 at the completion of
the intermediate merge phase are merged into the final record string which is
written onto tape 1.

1 string

~
,/'

1 string

Final

Merge Selection
Area

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Tape No.

Number of strings remaining
after final merge

Output
Tape

6... 21

CONTROL CARDS

Chapter 7 discusses the specifications and user formulation of control cards for
both Mass Storage Sort and Tape Sort/Merge programs. The presentation of
each control card related to its respective Sort/Merge program is supplemented
with a sample Mass Storage Sort MSOS and Tape Sort/Merge MSOS program.
For example, the primary control card required for the mass storage sample
program is presented within the more general discussion of the primary control
card, to provide the reader with a pract ical application of the more general
control card specifications to a specific example. The sample programs are
then progressively built up within the discussions of each control card group
culminating in two complete and operable programs at the completion of the
control card presentation.
Sample Program Objectives
Mass Storage Sort MSOS sample program has the following objectives:
Sort mass storage file C
Merge C with presorted file D
Write the output on file LEDGER
The specifications for the required control cards are described in the MSOS,
MSIO, and MSS control card sections (sections 7.1, 7.2, and 7.3 respectively).
The sample tape Sort/Merge program executing under MSOS begins with the
sort of input file A. File A is then merged with presorted file B and written
onto output file C. Control card requirements and specifications are presented within the MSOS and master control card sections (sections 7.1 and 7.4
respectively) .

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7-1

7.1
MSOS
CONTROL CARDS

Mass storage Sort/Merge and Tape Sort/Merge executing under MSOS require
MSOS control cards. The MSOS control cards primarily associated with both
Sort/Merge programs are as follows:
• SEQUENCE (section 7.1.1)
• JOB (section 7. 1. 2)
• EQUIP (section 7.1. 3)
• MSSORT (MSS - section 7.1. 4)
• SORT or SORTK (TSM - section 7. 1. 5, 7. 1. 6)
• 9ENDMSS (MSS - section 7.3. 6)
• 9ENDSORT (TSM - section 7.4. 6)
• EOF (section 7. 1. 7)
With the exceptions of both the SEQUENCE control card (7.1.1) and a variation
of the SORT control card (section 7.1. 6) Tape Sort/Merge under RTS uses the
same control cards as when running under MSOS.
The following is a description of each control card with specific reference in
terms of the Mass Storage Sort and Tape Sort/Merge sample programs.

7.1.1
SEQUENCE
(MSOS ONLY)

The SEQUENCE card is the first card of the input deck unless the sort/merge
job appears in the job stack immediately after a priority job.

(~SEQUENCE, j

job identification number 1-3 digits; must be present
Sequence control card specifications for the Mass Storage Sort Sample Program
are as follows:
The job identification number for this program is 024 (columns 11-13).
II,SE,Q.U,E,N,c!EI / Q2,4, , ,

7-2

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Sequence control card specifications for the tape sort/merge sample program.
The job identification number for the sample program is 003 (columns 11-13).

7.1.2
JOB

The JOB card immediately follows the SEQUENCE card or, if there is no
SEQUENCE card (when a batch job immediately follows a priority job), the
JOB card must be the first card of the input deck. The JOB card signals the
beginning of a batch job to MSOS or RTS.

(

~JOB, c, i, t, NP, ND
Account number; 0-8 characters
Programmer identification; any number of characters, provided that
all parameters appear on a single card

Estimated running time in minutes; 1-999

Specifies no system unit protection; when omitted, system unit protection is in effect

Specifies no dump; when omitted, a recovery dump is taken on abnormal
termination

Job control card specifications for the Mass Storage Sort sample program are
as follows:
1.

The account number for the sample Sort/Merge program is 470
(columns 6-8).

The programmer identification for the program is SMITH (columns
10-14).

The estimated running time for the program is 10 minutes (columns
16, 17).

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7-3

Job control card specifications for the Tape Sort/Merge sample program are
as follows:

The account number is 91227 (columns 6-10).

The programmer identification is JONES (columns 12-16).

The estimated running time for the program is 25 minutes (columns
18, 19).

7.1.3
EQUIP
(MSOS AND RTS)

All input or output tapes used in either Sort/Merge programs must be equipped
as logical units, through EQUIP statements, before Sort/Merge is loaded. All
EQUIP statements must appear after the JOB statement and before the MSSORT
or SORT statement. EQUIP parameters are specified in three forms, any or
all of which can be on a single EQUIP statement.

Logical unit number

MSOS assigns an available magnetic tape (MT) to ui and logs the assignment on
the CTO in the following format:

Logical unit number

Channel number

Equipment number

Unit number

MSOS assigns to u i the specific tape described by the hardware code CxEyUzz i •

The logical unit on the left of = is assigned to the same physical unit as the logical unit on the right. The unit on the right of = must have been previously
aSSigned. If the logical unit on the left has been previously assigned, the physical
unit is released and the new assignment is made.

7-4

60281500

Equipment Control Card Specifications for a mass storage sort sample program
The EQUIP card is not used with this sample program in that no tape input or
output is specified.
The specifications for the EQUIP control card used in the Tape Sort Merge sample
program are as follows:
1.

Logical unit number 7 is specified for the first tape (columns 8-11).

The second tape is assigned logical unit number 8 (columns 13-16).

The third work tape is assigned logical unit number 9 (columns 18-21).

The logical unit number 10 is assigned to the final tape (columns 23-26).

7.1.4
MSSORT

, , , !R.0W

,3, , ,

The MSSORT card is the MSOS library name card that directs MSOS to load and
give control to the MSS monitor. The MSSORT control card is found in the deck
immediately after the MSIO cards (section 7.2).

(~MSSORT

The following shows the MSSORT control card for the Mass storage Sort
Sample program.

60281500

7-5

7.1.5
SORT
(TSMI MSOS ONLY)

(~SORT

This card directs Tape Sort/Merge MSOS to load the sort monitor and gives
control to the sort monitor.

7.1.6
SORTK
(TSM/RTS ONLY)

Operating procedures for SORTK
1.

Equate input unit to library on equip statement.

Assign input to unit equated to library.

Action messages dictate when to mount a different tape, the precedin!
tape will be unloaded.

Leave unit serving dual purpose dialed to zero. No physical changing
of units is required.

(~SORTK

The SORTK control card is selected only when the user specifies his library
unit as the initial input unit with its subsequent use as a work unit. The control
card directs RTS to load the sort monitor and gives control to a special point
in the sort monitor for a three tape configuration.
The following SORT control card specifications are for the Tape Sort/Merge
sample program.

7-6

60281500

7.1.7
ENO-OF-FllE (EOF)

An end-of-file card is the last card of the sort/merge input deck.

It is character-

ized by rows 7 and 8 being punched in columns 1 and 2.

I 88

Both Mass storage Sort and Tape Sort/Merge sample programs require this
control card to indicate the termination of the Sort/Merge program.
This end-of-file control card specification is for the Mass Storage sort sample
program.

This end-of file control card specification is for the Tape Sort/Merge sample
program.

7.2
MSIO
CONTROL CARDS
(MSS ONLY)

The user must allocate and open any mass storage input and output files before
MSS is loaded. The user may also allocate and open the intermediate merge
files (section 5.1).
The sequence of control statements for opening mass storage files is as follows:
RAT

Optional

FET

Required

ALLOCATE Must be present if the file has not been previously allocated;
must be omitted if the file has been previously allocated
OPEN

Required

To close a mass storage file, the follOwing statement is required:
CLOSE
MSS automatically closes and releases the restart dump file and the intermediate
merge files. The user may close the input and output file at the end of the MSS
run. If he does not, MSOS closes them before beginning the next job.

60281500

7-7

A file must be closed before a user can release it, expand it, or modify its label.
The following sequences are required for release, expansion, and modification,
respectively:
FET

FET

RELEASE

EXPAND

MODIFY
FET (optional)

These MSIO control statements are described below. If an optional paramet er
is omitted, its trailing comma must appear unless no other parameters follow.

7.2.1

RAT

The RAT statement enters mass storage devices in the MSOS resident allocation
table. ALLOCATE statements cause MSOS to allocate files on the device or
devices named in the last preceding RAT statement.

device type; 852,853,854, 813,814, or 863

device number; any positive integer less than 26214410

When the RAT statement names more than one device, MSOS attempts to allocate
the file on a device which can contain the complete file without segmentation.
When this is not possible, MSOS segments the file across devices named in the
RAT statement, selecting devices with the largest areas of available core so as
to create the smallest possible number of segments in the file.

7-8

60281500

At SEQUENCE time, MSOS clears the resident allocation table. In order to
clear the table during a job, the user inserts a RAT st atement with a blank
parameter field. For example, the following sequence of statements opens files
on separate devices:

~SEQUENCE

~JOB
~RAT, dt1/dn1
7FET
9

~ALLOCATE

~OPEN
7RAT
9
7

9RAT ,dt 2 /dn 2

7FET
9

~ALLOCATE

~OPEN
The first file is allocated on dtl/dnl; the second file is allocated on dt2/dn20

60281500

7-9

The following shows RAT control card specifications for the Mass Storage Sort
sample program.
RAT
Control Card

Device Type
(columns 6-8)

File Type

Intermediate Merge File

This control card clears
the allocation table for
this job. The user enters
the 7/9 RAT characters
only.

Intermediate Merge File

1--I.1~,R:...:.J:.,A...:.L.:,T,-,-,-,,-,=,81-=.LS'O=-l!-I/-+=-13-'--'O,Q~--L-'.1.-.-'

~li: ~-=.t. .:.L. :~: aS:2++-!/bL.. l-L,:l',
,L..L...L:

:---L-L',
:

...l-L
: .l:

:---L-L:
:

--L-L
: ...J:

:----L-.L:
'-"-----L...l:
:
:----L-L-',
:

-L.L.
: ..L:

',--'-----I-:
:

- ' - - - - ' -: - - - - 1 :

Device Number
(columns 10, 11)

852

,~ ~,

)-'----'----l:
:
{

. . L J: . - L :

'R,0W 3, , ,

{::::::::~:~:::!

7.2.2
FET

FET parameters are used by MSOS to construct a file label for an unallocated
file. For an existing file, the FET statement is used to identify the file referenced
by a following OPEN, EXPAND, RELEASE, or MODIFY statement.
~FET, owner, name, blksize, edition, accsec, modsec

owner

1-8 character identification

name

1-30 character file name

blksize

Number of characters in each data block; for MSS file, may
not exceed 4095

edition

Two decimal digits specifying edition number; set to zero if
omitted

accsec

1-4 character access security code; optional

modsec

1-4 character modification security code; optional

Imbedded blanks are not permitted in the parameters.

7-10

60281500

These are the FET control card specifications for the Mass Storage Sort
sample program.
FET
Control
Card

Owners Name
(columns 6-11)

File Type

Characters
Per Block

File Name

Intermediate
Merge

ACMECO

MERGE ONE 1208
(columns 13- (columns
20)
22-25)

Intermediate
Merge

ACME CO

MERGETWO 1208
(columns 13- (columns
20)
22-25)

Input

ACMECO

DUNCAN
(columns
13-18)

80 (columns
20-23)
-

Presorted
Input

ACMECO

SCHEER
(columns
13-28)

80 (columns
20-23)

Output

ACMECO

LEDGER
(columns
13-28)

80 (columns
20-23)

Inte rmediate
Merge

ACMECO

MERGEONE
(columns
13-20)

1208
(columns
20-23)

Intermediate
Merge

ACMECO

MERGETWO 1208
(columns
(columns
13-20)
22-25)

I~FIEITI,IAICIMElc,.0" ME,R,G,E,~,N:E, ,,1,2 0,§

I I I I II I I I I I I I

I~F,E,T"A(:,~'*lc,01 "ME,R,G,E,TWp"

I I Ii

I
,1 12 10,§ I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I

l~r,E,T, ,,~c,~Elc,01' p,U,N~~,N, ,:qo,819

l~f.EITI,AICM~lc,0i "L,EP,G,E,R, ,:Q O,8IQ

I I I I I I I II I I I I
! .",

1 1 1

1~;fE,T,«AICMEbit MER ,GE ,0IN:E «,1120,8

60281500

I I I

I I

1 1

I I
I

I
J

I
I I I

I I

( II

) ~

I I I I I I IR,ew, 19 1 I I

~ fI

R,0W 41 I I

I I I I I \R ,0W, 1121 I

I: I

1 1 1

~ ~LLI~I~I~I~~~I~R~0=W~,~1~6~'~I~

I I I I~

I I

~I I

I I I I !BIf.lW, 13,4, I

I I I

~,flW, ,3161~

7-11

7.2.3
ALLOCATE

The ALLOCATE subroutine allocates space for a mass storage file, creates a
file label, and enters the label in the FLD. The ALLOCATE control card must
always follow its corresponding FET control card.

(

~ALLOCATE, n, exp, mode, NOSEG, dt
n

number of mass storage tracks to allocate for the file; a
positive integer not exceeding 262143

exp

expiration date to be inserted in the file label, a six-digit
decimal integer in the form yymmdd. If omitted, the current
date is used.

mode

recording mode for mass storage file. S in this field specifies
sector mode. Any other symbol is interpreted as a request
for track mode.

NOSEG specifies contiguous allocation. Any other term or value
indicates the file may be segmented.
dt

specifies the type of mass storage device.

When the combination of owner, file name, and edition number duplicate those
of a previous ALLOCATE statement, the job is terminated.
ALLOCATE control card specifications for the Mass Storage Sort sample program
are as follows:
ALLOCATE
Control
Card

File Type

Mas s Storage
Tracks

Intermediate
Merge

File Mode

Device Type

6 tracks
(column 11)

Sector
(column
15)

852
(columns
19-21)

Int ermediate
Merge

6 tracks
(column 11)

Sector
(column
15)

852
(columns
19-21)

Output

12 tracks
(columns
11, 12)

Sector
(column
16)

852
(columns
20-22)

l~t\L,Lp,C,A,TIEI, ,6" ",§, '" §S,Z

, ,

'R,.0W,

, ,
, ,
, , ,
1~,A,L,Lp,C,A,TIEI
,,9, " ,5, " " §S,z,
~~~~L+~~LL~~~~~~~LL~~~LL~~~~:
~ ~I!!!
I

I~ ~,L,L,0IC,A,T~1 "l,~ '1'151 '1'1 §S:21
7-12

I I I I I

I I I I

I I I

ill II

R,0W, 1110,

60281500

7.2.4
OPEN

With this statement, previously reserved mass storage space is prepared for
I/O processing. Parameter values are passed to routines which locate the file
label, check device labels to insure that correct mass storage devices are online, and initialize mass storage tables.
The OPEN control card must always follow its corresponding FET control card.
(

~OPEN, fo, use
fo

unique file ordinal (0-62) supplied by the user; referenced by subsequent 1/0 requests to this file

use

I specifies a read only file when it is open. Any other symbol
indicates file is available for reading and writing.

The following consists of the OPEN control card specifications for the Mass
storage Sort sample program:

OPEN
Control Card

File Use
(column 10)

Intermediate
Merge

Read/Write

Intermediate
Merge

Read/Write

Input

Read Only

Presorted
Input

Read Only

Output

Read/Write

I~~,P,E,~ l,q1iliq

I~~,P,E,N, 'I q~, III

1 1 1 1 1 1 L..!

1 1

I~~,P,E,~, 10121 ,101

60281500

File Ordinal
(columns 7,8)

File Type

1 1

1 1 1 1

1 I

1 1

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

1 I

1~~,P,E,N'lIg~lll,

1 I

I~~,P,E,N, "o,~,io,

1 I I

1 I

I I

1 I

I I

1 I

I I

I 1 1 I

I I I

1 I

I I{

1 1

R,mv,

I If

iR,~W 11111

~.0~1 J ;31

B~W J, QI

a~r!, J, ~I

J t

I Ii

(

1 I

1 1 I 1 I 1 I

1 1

I I

1 1

I I

1 I 1

1 1

I
I

7-13

7.2.5
EXPAND

With the EXPAND statement, the user can reserve additional space for an
existing file. The EXPAND control card must always follow its correspondent
FET control card.
(

~EXPAND, n, NOSEG
n

Number of additional tracks to allocate for the existing file

NOSEG Specifies contiguous expansion; any other term indicates that the
expansion may be segmented

7.2.6
MODIFY

The MODIFY statement is used when a change to the preceding FET control card
specifications is required. The modify control card must always follow its corresponding FET control card.
(

~MODIFY ,prot, exp, newfet
prot

Changes file protection indicator in file label
I

Read only indicator

Read/write indicator. No other value will change an
existing read only indicator.

exp

Changes expiration date of file label; 6-digit decimal integer in
the form yymmdd (yy=year, mm=month, dd-day). If omitted or
zero, the expiration date in the label is not changed.

newfet

Hollerith character ::J 0 Insert the contents of the immediately
following FET statements into the file
label
= 0 No FET for label modification follows.

7.2.7
CLOSE

MSOS processes a CLOSE statement by updating the label of the specified file
and releaSing associated mass storage tables. The CLOSE statement follows
the last card on INP associated with MSS processing (ENDMSS or MSS loader
control card).

(~CLOSE,fO
fo

7-14

File ordinal assigned when the file was opened.

60281500

CLOSE control card specifications for the Mass Storage S~rt sample program
are as follows:
CLOSE
Control Card

File Ordinal
(Columns 8, 9)

File
Type

Input

Presorted
Input

~~:~::::: :~~ :::::::' ,::::::::: ::,:,': '::':: 1f: : : , : : ' : ~:: :!:!: :
7.2.8
RELEASE

The RELEASE statement is used to eliminate obsolete as unused fileso The
RELEASE control card must always follow its corresponding FET control card.
(

~RELEASE, n

The parameter references the mass storage file established by the preceding
FET statement; it may be specified in one of three forms:
n

decimal integer indicating the number of tracks of mass
storage to release

ALL

releases the entire mass storage file

UNUSED

releases all unused mass storage space beyond the highest
written block number

RELEASE control card specifications for the Mass Storage sample program are
as follows:
RELEASE
Control Card
1

Intermediate
Merge

All

Intermediate
Merge

All

I~'I&E,I IEA,sEI IAILl

,~ ~

1
1

I~'IBEILIEAISE I, IAILILI

60281500

Release statement
(columns 10-12)

File Type

I II I I II I I I

1 1

~'elW'

,3,51

RlelWI

,3'],

7-15

ff;'3
MSS
CONTROL CARDS

MSS Control cards provide parameters relevant to the requested sort and/or
merge operations. The following control cards are provided:
Primary control cards
File control cards
Nonstandard output label control cards
Collating sequences control card
Modification control cards
ENDMSS
ELD loader control cards

7.3.1
PRIMARY
CONTROL CARDS

The primary control cards contain fundamental information concerning the
sort keys and other options available to the user. These options include:
Type of run (sort, merge, sort and merge)
Type of sort (record, tag)
Type of output (full record, tag record, chained record)

Primary Control Card 1
This card is required for all MSS runs.
Card Columns

Contents

1,2

01 Card identifier

Type of run
1
2
3

Type of sort

o
1

7-16

Sort only
Merge only (legal for record sort of tag sort
with full record output options)
Sort and merge

Record
Tag (legal when the input file is on mass storage
only)

60281500

Card Columns
5

Contents
Parity error option;
1
2
3
4
5

Buffer length read error
1
2
3
4
5

Accept record, print on standard output unit
Reject record, print on standard output unit
Accept record, do not print
Rej ect record, do not print
Stop run; operator may abort the job (press MI,
type I A, press MI) restart at the beginning of the
current merge pass if column 7 of primary control card 1-0 (press MI, type/S, press MI) or
cause a reread of the record (press MI, type/R,
press MI).

Restart option. t When option 1 is chosen, there is no
restart capability.

o
1
8

Accept record, print on standard output unit
Reject record, print on standard output unit
Accept record, do not print
Reject record, do not print
Stop run; operator may abort the job (pres s MI,
type I A, press MI) restart at the beginning of the
current merge pass if column 7 of primary control card 1-0 (press MI, type/S, press MI) or
cause a reread of the record (press MI, type/R,
press MI).

Write restart dump.
Do not write restart dump.

Output format (applies to tag sorting only)

o
1
2
Blank Option
9

Output tape rewind option
R
U
N
Blank Option

Full record file
Tag record
Chained record
not applicable

Rewind only
Rewind and unload
No rewind
not applicable

Blank

t No restart option for a merge only operation.

60281500

7-17

Card Columns
11

Contents
End-of-input option (tape input only)

o
1

12-22

Operator control it
Reel count control; MSS requests a new input
reel until it has read the number of reels
specified in the file control card, columns 27, 28.
Standard trailer label; MSS requests new input
tape when trailer label is EOT; a trailer label of
EOF indicates end of input.
Blank option not applicable

Blank

Columns 23-32 describe the major sort key. The order of dominance of sort
keys is from left to right; any sort key is major to the following key and minor
to a preceding key.
Type of collaring sequence

1
2
3

4
5

Standard BCD or user's BCD if collating
sequence control card is present.
3300 internal BCD (blank has lowest value; other
characters sort as in type 3).
Logical magnitude binary
Example: Sort key of two 6-bit bytes, ascending
sequence. The lowest number is 0000 8 and.
the largest number 77778.
Sign magnitude binary (negative riumbers are
lower than positive. )
Numeric BCD. Sign is carried in upper 2 bits
of least significant character in the field. Bit
configuration 10nnn is negative; any other configuration is positive. Negative numbers are
lower than positive.

it For operator control specified for the end-of-input option the operator performs the following steps:
To signal end of input:
1.

2.
3.

Press MI on console
Type IF on CTO
Press MI on console

To read input from another reel:
1.
2.
3.

7-18

Press MI on console
Type IT on CTO
Press MI on console

60281500

Card Columns

Contents
Order of sequence

1
2

Ascending
Descending

25-28

Character length of sort key

29-32

Location of first sort key character relative to first
character (OOOl--first character) of a logical
record; for universal records, the first character
of the record header is the first character of the
record.

33-42

Second sort key

43-52

Third sort key

If additional sort keys are

53-62

Fourth sort key

required, all keys have the
same format as the major
sort key in columns 23-32.

63-72

Fifth sort key

Primary Control Card 2
If more than five sort keys are required, use this card to describe sort keys

6 through 12. The sort keys for this card are specified according to the
sort key format in primary control card 1.
Card Columns

Contents

1-2

02 Card identifier

3-12

Sixth sort key

13-22

Seventh sort key

63-72

Twelfth sort key

The requirements for primary control card specifications for the Mass Storage
Sort sample program consist of the following:

60281500

The program is a sort/merge operation (column 3).

The program consists of a record sort (column 4).

If a parity error is realized the program stops (column 5).

7-19

A buffer length read error encountered during the Sort/Merge run
requires a program stop (column 6).

A restart option is specified for the program (column 7).

6.,

The collating sequence for the major sort key is user's BCD
(column 23).

The order of sequence is ascending (column 24).

Total character length of the sort keys is 80 characters (columns 25-28).

The location of the first sort key character relative to the first
character of the logical records in the file is character position 1
(columns 29-32).

I--JIO'L.L~--1...3,1...L,5..l..-,5L...J,O,---+I-+-I...L1..l..-IL...JI'---+'--1...,--,-'-,--I-,--,I~--,I---,-I__,_J-'--~.L..J0I--,OI8---,-P__,_,O-,-I0-,--,O,,---,-1,---,---,-I-,-I.l-.J,'-'.,---,---,-'~,t ,-,L-'..'---'------'---L....I----L....L1~R-=-rJWL-lI_"?'_Lp__'_,

-"-----I'

7-20

60281500

7.3.2
FILE
CONTROL CARD

File control cards describe the characteristics for the following type files:
Sort input files
Presorted merge input files
Two intermediate merge files (if allocated by the user)
Restart file (if allocated by the user)
Card Column

Contents
Card identifier

A-Z; file identification character to identify merge
input files at program exit 2.

3, 4

Type of file
RS
DS
DM
TS
TM
DO
TO
IT

Restart (uses column 20, 21 only)
Mas s storage sort input
Mass storage merge input
Tape sort input
Tape merge input
Mass storage output
Tape output
Intermediate merge

5-8

Maximum logical record length in characters nnnn.
For variable length records, length includes the
record character count or record mark (for universal records, length excludes the four characters
of the record header). For tag and chained records,
length includes record address.

9-12

For blocked records, mass storage data block size,
or maximum physical record length for tape files,
in the form nnnn with leading zeroes. For all
blocked mass storage files or intermediate files,
allow 2 extra words.
For unblocked records, columns 9-11 are blank and
column 12 contains U.

60281500

7-21

Record type
F
V

Type of variable length record control

o
1
2
3
15

Fixed record size
Variable record size

Record character count
Record mark
Interrecord gap (tape files only)
Universal

Size of record character count in 6-bit bytes, 1 to 4.
1 to 4
A to D

16-19

Binary mode
(A=1,..., D=4) BCD mode

Location of the first character of the variable
record character count field. The location is
specified relative to the first character of the
record (0001=first character position of a logical
record).

For mass storage files, columns 20-70 have the following specifications:
Card Columns

Contents

20-21

File ordinals (fo) designated by OPEN control
card columns 22-69 (section 7.2.4), are always
required for the intermediate merge files, and are
required for the output file when it is necessary for
MSS to expand the output file size. Columns 22-69
are not used for input files.

22-29

Owner (if less than 8 characters, use trailing blanks;
imbedded blanks are illegal)

30-59

File name (trailing blanks, no imbedded blanks)

60-61

Edition number

62-65

Access security

66-69

Modification security

Disk mode (applicable to 852 devices only)
S
T

7-22

Sector
Track

N=No two-word preamble on blocked mass storage

60281500

For a tape file, columns 20-70 contain the following specifications:
Card Columns

Contents

Blank

Tape recording mode
B
C

Binary
BCD

If N is specified, portion of block not used must be
zero filled.

Tape density
H
M
L

23-24

Logical unit number of this file

25-26

Alternate logical unit number for this file; used for
mounting additional reel when input or output
requires more than one. MSS alternates between
the alternate and standard units.

27-28

Number of input reels; optional for sort or presorted
merge input tapes (see column 11, primary control
card 1).

Label type
S
N
T
X
C

60281500

800 bpi
556 bpi
200 bpi

Standard; columns 30-58 contain label information
Nonstandard without trailer label
Nonstandard with trailer label
None
Copy input header label onto output tape (legal
only for tape output file when sort input file
is on tape).

7-23

Card Columns

Contents

30-31 t

Logical unit number

32-45

File name (14 alphanumeric characters)

46-47

Reel number (2 numeric BCD characters)

48-53

Date written (6 numeric BCD characters, mmddyy)

54-55

Edition number (2 numeric BCD characters)

56-58

Retention cycle (3 numeric BCD characters)

59-70

Blank

File control card specifications for the Mass Storage Sort sample program
are as follows:

FILE Control Cards

Control Card
Specification

Card
Columns

Character identifier

File type

3,4

Maximum logical
record length

5-8

1208

03"

Number of characters
per block
9-12

Record type

File ordinal

20,21

File owner

22-27

ACMECO ACMECO

ACMECO

File name

30-59

MERGE
ONE

LEDGER

Disk Mode

MERGE
TWO
S

5
5
5
,5
5

'R0W 25

t Card columns 30 through 58 are used only when an S is in column 29.

7-24

60281500

7.3.3
NONSTANDARD
OUTPUT LABEL
CONTROL CARD

A nonstandard output label control card describes a nonstandard label for the
output file. It is used only when option T or N is specified in column 29 of
the tape output file control card. Maximum size of a nonstandard label is
120 characters.

First Label Card
Card Columns

Contents

1,2

3,4

Number of characters on card (01-60) used as
the first part of label

5-10

Blank

11-70

Contents of label (must start in column 11)

Second Label Card
Card Columns

Contents

1,2

3,4

Number of characters on card (01-60) following
those in card 30

5-10

Blank

11-70

Contents of label (must start in column 11)

The nonstandard output label control card, if specified, follows the output file
control card in the program deck.

7.3.4
COLLATING
SEQUENCE
CONTROL CARD

The user may specify an arbitrary collating sequence with this optional control
card. The user's collating sequence replaces the standard BCD collating
sequence described in appendix B. It is used for comparison if collating sequence
1 is specified in any sort key of primary control cards 1 and 2.
The collating sequence control card is not a requirement of Mass Storage Sort/
Merge programs, but can be selected by the user as an optional control card.

60281500

7-25

Card Columns

Contents
Card identifier

1,2

Type of Hollerith c.onversion
E

External format

Internal format

Each character is converted from Hollerith to
internal BCD. If external format is specified and
the fifth bit is 1, the character is reconverted by
complementing the sixth bit before it is inserted into
the sequence table.
Example: A, internal format

If external format is specified, A is reconverted
to 61, before being inserted into the collating

sequence (appendix F).
4-67

64 characters, representing the collating sequence,
with the lowest order character in column 4 and each
succeeding character major to the preceding
character.

S when a short list of characters is to be sorted.
The edit program scans the characters in the
control card from columns 4 to 67. The end of
the list is signaled when a blank is encountered
the second time. All characters not accounted for
in the control card are sorted as highest collating
sequence if they are encountered during the sort.

The specification for the collating sequence control card selected for the sample
program consis ts of the following:

7-26

Internal format is specified for the Hollerith conversion (column 3).

The characters representing the collating sequence consist of 0 in
column 4 as the lowest order character up through Z in column 39 as
the highest sequenced character on the control card (columns 4-39).

The short list of characters involved in the program requires an S
in column 68 for internal processing.

60281500

7.3.5
MODIFICATION
CONTROL CARD

This control card indicates to the MSS program that a user's modification
routine is to be executed. The modification routines must be in order
(EXIT1, EXIT2, EXIT3). MSS requires a control card and loader card for
each routine provided.
Modification control cards and corresponding modification routines are not a
requirement of Mass Storage Sort/Merge programs but are used only as an
optional choice of the user.
Card Columns

Contents

1,2

Program exi t numbe r (1-3)

4-11

Name of modification routine (1-8 Hollerith
characters)

12-16

Decimal number of locations required by user's
modification routine.

17-18

Logical unit number (or file ordinal) containing
this user modification routine. If no logical unit
number is present, the modification program is
loaded from the standard input unit. The user
modification routine cannot be loaded from the
MSOS library unit.

The following modification control cards, although not requirements of Mass
Storage Sort/Merge programs, were selected for use in this sample program.
The specifications for both control cards are as follows:

Modification
Control Card

Program Exit
number
(column 3)

Names of
Modification
Routine
(columns 4-11)

Size of Routine
in characters
(columns 12-16)

EXIT 2

100

EXIT 3

.R::
' IR,

60281500

,2,7,:

,2,8,

7-27

7.3.6
9ENDMSS
CONTROL CARD

A 9 ENDMSS control card must be the last MSS control card in the deck. It
indicates that all control cards have been read and sorting can begino
The 9ENDMSS control card entry for the Mass Storage Sort sample program
appears below.
I!

7.3.7
ELD LOADER
CONTROL CARDS

,i l

The ELD loader control or cards must be included in the job deck whenever
modification routines are specified for the internal sort or merge phases.
These control cards, recognized by MSOS, indicate to the loader that the
routines are completely loaded.
If the modification routine or routines are loaded from the standard input unit
the ELD control card or cards must follow the binary decks of their respective
modification routines.
If the modification routine or routines are loaded from a unit other than the
standard input unit the ELD card or cards must follow the ENDMSS control
card in the job deck.

The format of the ELD loader control card is:
Card Column
1

Contents
Punches in rows 12, 11, 0, 1, 2, 3, 7, 9 (binary
card with word count - 77)

The number and position of the ELD loader control card depends on the number
and input location of the modification routine as follows:
Input Location
of Modification
Routines
Individual modification routines for
exit 1, 2, or 3 or
a combination of 2
and 3 (both exits are
loaded as one routine)
located on the standard
input unit.

7-28

Number of ELD
Loader Control
Cards
1

ELD Control Card
Position in Job
Deck
Follows the binary
deck of their respecti ve modification
routines.

60281500

Input Location
of Modification
Routines
Individual modification routine for
exits 1, 2, or 3 or
a combination of
exits 2 & 3 (both
exits are loaded as one
routine) located on a
uni t 0 the r than the
standard input unit.

Number of ELD
Loader Control
Cards
1

ELD Control Card
Position in Job
Deck
Follows the 9ENDMSS
control card. An endof-file mark must appear
at the end of the routine.

Routines for all
three exits located
on the standard
input unit

One ELD card follows
the binary routine deck
for exit 1; one ELD
card follows the
binary routine deck for
deck for exits 2 and 3.

Routines for all
three exits located
on a unit other than
the standard input
unit

Two ELD cards follow
the 9ENDMSS control card.
An EOF mark follows
each modification routine.

ELD loader control card specifications for the Mass Storage Sort are as follows:

60281500

7-29

I
, z

•

'2',

,'202122'23 24 l~ 2621

, SE,QU E NciE ,Q24
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'RAT,850 /30
'FE T ,AC,M EC~,MERGE.0N'E, l20a

'",LL~CAT E, q, "~' , ~52
'0'PE,N,Ol , 0
I
'RAT
I
'RA T ,852 /t31
~ FE T ;A~rvr EC~,MERGEnN.0,120,a
~A,L,~,CATIE 'I q, , 5 , , ~5 2'

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'zI7'

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R,0W 9
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~ ~ ~

~L_':"'~ ..

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R,0W 15

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lAIT qq80il 21q~F
1,81 TO 08 01 208F
lCD S 008Q I ,~F

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•• 57 I • • t 10 " ' 2 '3 , . "

76 7?"U'"

Completed Tape Sort/Merge/MSOS Sample Program and Card Deck

60281500

7-45

APPENDIX SECTION

MASS STORAGE FILE LABEL

1
2
3

OWNER

FILE NAME

10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20

EDITION
I
ACCESS SECURITY
MODIFICATION SECURITY
NO. ALLOCATED BLOCKS
BLOCK SIZE
*I
BLOCK COUNT
USAGE COUNT
CREATION DATE
EXPIRATION DA TE
LAST A CCESS DATE
p
DT I
SC I
I
*

21 DTMI
*
*
*
22
*
*
*
*
23
FILE SIZE
24
NEXT AVAILABLE SAK
25
26 RM I RFII~
LRS
27
MAX
TIS
28 IKFS llitl
KEY Location
29 IIIDL ISTATUSI ID Location
30

KFM
IDM

49~

______________________~

50
These three words
are repeated for each
segment of the file.

Denotes reserve

60281500

A-I

Description

Field Name

Size

File identifier

40 characters

Uniquely identifies a file in FLD; consists of:
Owner identification - 8 characters
File name - 30 characters
Edition number - 2 characters
Field may be divided differently at installation.

Acces s security

4 characters

Supplied when file is allocated; must be supplied
for each succeeding OPEN request

Modification
security

4 characters

Supplied when file is allocated; must be supplied for
each RELEASE, EXPAND, and MODIFY request

Number blocks
allocated

4 characters

Contains, as a binary integer, number of blocks
allocated to the file

Block size

3 characters

Contains, as a binary integer, number of 6-bit
characters in each record block (0< block size <
131072)

Block count

4 characters

Binary integer; highest block number written. If
file is processed sequentially, this corresponds to
number of blocks written into the file (0 ~ block
count < 223).

Usage count

4 characters

Binary count of the number of times file has been
opened

Creation date

4 characters

Date supplied by I/O system when file is allocated;
stored as a binary integer in the form yymmdd

Expiration date

4 characters

Date supplied by user when file is allocated; stored
as a binary integer in the form yymmdd. This field
determines when a file may be deleted.

Last access date

4 characters

Date supplied by I/O system each time file is opened
or changed; stored as a binary integer in the form
yymmdd

DT (device type)

1 character

6-bit code indicating type of mass storage device
containing the file
40 8
1311 disk packs
418
852 disk packs
50 8
853 disk packs
518
854 disk packs
60 8
813, 814 disk files
70 8
863 drum

SC (segment
count)

1 character

Binary integer; _number of segments in the file
(O
.::::

-,
)

;

/
,
(

=
:f
<

A
B
C
D
E

3000
Internal
BCD Code
60
t12
15
16
17
75
76
77
55
56
57
35
36
33
34
37
20
53
54
40
61
73
74
13
14
32
21
22
23
24
25
26

Card
Punches

Seq.
No.
tt

BLANK
8,2
8,5
8,6
8,7
0,8,5
0,8,6
0,8,7
11,8,5
11,8,6
11,8,7
12,8,5
12,8,6
12,8,3
12,8,4
12,8,7
12
11,8,3
11,8,4
11
0,1
0,8,3
0,8,4
8,3
8,4
12,0
12,1
12,2
12,3
12,4
12,5
12,6

00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37

Printer
BCD
Character Tape
Code
G
H
I

v
J

K
L
M

N
0

P
Q
R
]

S
T
U

V
W
X
y

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

67
70
71
52
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
50
51
32
22
23
24
25
26
27
30
31
12
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
10
11

3000
Card
Internal
Punches
BCD Code
27
30
31
52
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
50
51
72
62
63
64
65
66
67
70
71
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
10
11

12,7
12,8
12,9
11,0
11,1
11,2
11,3
11,4
11,5
11,6
11,7
11,8
11,9
0,8,2
0,2
0,3
0,4
0,5
0,6
0,7
0,8
0,9
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Seq.
No.
tt

40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77

too is an illegal character when written in even parity. If a 12 is generated in core and written in
even parity, it will appear on tape as a 12; and when it is read in even parity, it will be converted
to 00 internally.
tt Seq. No. 00 is lowest order (minor)
Seq. No. 77 is highest order (major)

60281500

E-1

DIAGNOSTICS

MASS STORAGE SORT/MERGE
TYPE SOURCE NO.

MSRT

MESSAGE

001 B

LOADER ERROR

UNIT

SIGNIFICANCE

RESULT/ACTION

CTO MSRT sort monitor encountered Job terminates; error may
OUT an error in loading subprogramt be due to aCRE CKSUM
or modification routines.
error
1. Re-autoload system
2. Replace bad subprogram
CTO When major errors occur or
OUT operator accepts an option to
terminate job, this message
appears following the edit phase
diagnostics

1. Correct all control card
errors
2. Resubmit job.

CTO MSRT is unable to expand
OUT intermediate merge files to
meet requirements of the job.
no. is the ordinal of the first
intermediate merge file which
MSRT unsuccessfully attempts
to expand

Job terminates; us er has
not allocated enough for
intermediate files and due
to the blocking factor,
insufficient use is made of
space allocated.

Fa no. LOCATE ERROR

CTO MSRT encountered an error in
OUT attempting to locate for a mass
storage read or write request.
Error may be due to incorrect
information on a user file card.

Job terminates.
1. Correct control cards
2. Resubmit job

005 B

OUT OF SEQUENCE

CTO Input records are not in seOUT quence according to the sort
keys specified.

Job terminates; undetected
disk parity errors.
Resubmit job.

006 B

UNENDING MERGE

CTO During each merge pass, MSRT
OUT determines if the number of
sequences is less than the
number for the preceding
merge pass.

Decrease blocking factor
of intermediate files.

JOB DELETED

MSRT

002 B

MSRT

003 B FOS NO. INSUFFICIENT
MERGE AREA AVAILABLE

MSRT

004 B

MSRT

If it is not, an unending merge
condi tion has been encountered.
D

MSRT

60281500

007 B END OF !NT MERGE
CTO A status check on WRITE
DISK FILE, SYSTEM ERROR OUT operation indicates end-oftape. Since the intermediate
merge file is on the disk,
this condition should not
occur.

Job terminates

F-1

TYPE SOURCE

NO.

MESSAGE

UNIT

SIGNIFICANCE

eTO MSRT cannot open restart file
OUT because no file ordinals are
available to assign to it

MSRT

008 B CANNOT RESTART INSUFFICIENT FOS

MSRT

009 B FO no. IRRECOVERABLE eTa MSRT attempted MSIO WRITE
OUT function, but cannot complete
WRITE ERROR
because:

RESULT/ACTION

Job terminates; rerun job
with user allocated files

Job terminates
1. Check control cards
2. Resubmit job

1. Request to write on readonly file
2. Request specifies illegal
file ordinal
3. Irrecoverable I/O error
occurred

MSRT

010 B SEC. CODE ON FET
DOES NOT AGREE WITH
FILE LABEL

eTO Error on either FET card or
OUT a sort FILE control card; information does not agree

Job terminates

011 B FILE PARAMETER
MISSING OR INVALID
parameter

eTa Parameter in FILE control
OUT card missing or invalid.
Variable parameters in the
message are listed in message
column.

Job terminates in each case.
The erroneous control card
is printed on OUT following
the message.

1. Correct control card
2. Resubmit job

ACCESS SECURITY
CODE FILE IDENTIFIER
ALT LOGICAL UNIT

Alternate logical unit

FILE IDENT
CHARACTER

File identification character

FILE ORDINAL
LABEL DATE

Standard label date

LABEL LOGICAL UNIT

Standard label logical unit

LABEL TYPE
LOGICAL UNIT

F-2

Logical unit number of this
file

60281500

TYPE SOURCE NO.

MESSAGE

UNIT

SIGNIFICANCE

MAX LOGICAL RCD
LEN

Maximum logical record length

MAX PHYSICAL RCD
LEN

Mass storage data block size,
or maximum physical record
length for tape files

NUM INPUT REELS

Number of input reels

RESULT/ACTION

RECORD MARK
CONTROL
RECORD TYPE
REEL SEQUENCE
NUMBER
UNIVERSAL-OP FILE

Universal records specified for
output file; input records are
not universal

RETENTION COUNT

Standard label retention code

SORT IP LOGICAL
UNIT /FILE ORDINAL

File ordinal or logical unit
number for SORT input files

TAPE DENSITY
TAPE MODE

MSRT

012

VAR REC CHAR CNT
POS

Location of first character of
variable record count field

V AR REC CHAR CNT
SIZ

Variable record character
count size

PARAM MISSING OR
INV-PARAMETER

CTO Parameter missing or invalid
OUT on control card other than file
control card.
Variable parameters in the
message column.

1. Correct control card
2. Resubmit job

SORTING METHOD
END OF INPUT
OPTION

60281500

F-3

TYPE SOURCE NO.

MESSAGE

UNIT

SIGNIFICANCE

FINAL OP REWINDOPT

Final output rewind option

RD BUF LEN ERROR
OPT

Buffer length read error
option

RD PARITY ERROR
OPT

Parity error option

olp CONFIGURATION

Output configuration; tag sort
output not full record, tag
record, or chained record.

RESULT/ACTION

RESTART OPTION

MSRT

013

014

USERS SEQ E-I CODE

Type of Hollerith conversion
in collating sequence card.

MODIFICATION no.
UNIT

Specified number denotes modification routine 1, 2, or 3.
Message appears if specified
unit for loading of modification
unit is unassigned, nonnumeric,
or invalid; or if modification
unit is same as input unit or
alternate input unit.

B COpy OPTION INV

B INV CARD ID

CTO Output file control card speciOUT fies copy option, but input file
control card (or first merge
file control card for mergeonly run) specifies no label.

Erroneous control card
appears on OUT; job
terminates

CTO Control card identification in
OUT columns 1 and 2 invalid.

Erroneous card listed on
OUT; job terminates

1. Correct control card
2. Resubmit job

1. Correct control card
2. Resubmit job
D

F-4

MSRT

015

B NO NS OP LABEL CD

CTO File control card specified nonOUT standard labeling but there is
no nonstandard label control
card.

Job terminates
1. Correct control card
2. Resubmit job

60281500

TYPE SOURCE

NO.

MSRT 016

RESU LT I ACTION

MESSAGE

UNIT

B NO OP CD

CTO Output file card missing.
OUT

SIGNIFICANCE

Job terminates
1. Correct control card
2. Resubmit job

MSRT 017

B NO SRT KEYS

CTO Columns 23-32 of primary
OUT control card are blank.

Erroneous card printed on
OUT; job terminates
1. Correct control card
2. Resubmit job

MSRT 018

MSRT 019

MSRT 020

MSRT 021

MSRT 022

MSRT 023

MSRT 024

60281500

B NO SI CD

B NEED EXIT 1

B NEED EXIT 2

NEED EXIT 3 for NS
TRL LABEL

B NO ENDMSS CARD

B NO MERGE IP CDS

CTO Primary control card specifies
OUT sort-only or sort-and-merge
run but there is no sort input
file control card.

Job terminates

CTO Input and output records are
OUT not same type. User modification required at exit 1

Job terminates

CTO Merge input files contain recOUT ords not same length and type
as output file. User modification routine for exit 2
missing.

Job terminates

CTO User specified label option T
OUT on output file control card.
User modification routine for
exit 3 missing.

Job terminates

1. Correct control card
2. Resubmit job

CTO MSRT encountered 9 card beOUT fore encountering ENDMSS
card.

Job terminates

CTO Primary control card speciOUT fies merge-only or sort-andmerge run but no merge input
file control card.

Job terminates

CTO User speCified fixed length
B LOG REC LEN NOT A
FACTOR OF PHYS REC LEN OUT records but specified physical
record length not even multiple of fixed length record
size.

1. Correct control card
2. Resubmit job

Erroneous control card
appears on OUT; job
terminates
1. Correct control card
2. Resubmit job

F-5

TYPE SOURCE NO.

MSRT

025

UNIT

MESSAGE

SIGNIFICANCE

CTO A file control card specifies a
OUT maximum length of less than
17 characters.

B LOGICAL RECORD TOO
SMALL

RESUL T/ACTION

Erroneous control card
appears on OUT; job
terminates
l. Correct control card
2. Resubmit job

MSRT

026

027

028

029

030

031

B MEMORY TOO SMALL

B MOD UNIT CANNOT=
SRT IP UNIT

B MOD UNITS 2,3 MUST
BE =

B OP RCC MISSING

B SORT KEY no. INV

CTO Requirements of run specified
OUT exceed available memory.
(Sizes of modification routines,
input and output buffers, merge
input buffers, and the merge
order are considered in calculating memory requirements
for an MSRT run. )

Job terminates

CTO Unit specified for loading a
OUT modification routine is also
specified as a sort input unit.

Job tcrminates

CTO User did not specify same
OUT logical unit for loading modification routines 2 and 3.

Job terminates

CTO User specified variable length
OUT record output files with out
record character count. Input file records are not under
interrecord gap or record
mark control.

Job terminates

CTO Sort key number (01-12) is inOUT valid: sequence type, order,
key size, or location is nonnumeric; sequence type is not
1,2,3 or 4; or sequence order
is not 1 or 2.

Erroneous control card
appears on OUT; job
terminates

B SRT KEY no. TOO LONG CTO Sort key number (01-12) exOUT tends beyond the maximum
record length.

l. Decrease length of exits
2. Decrease blocking
factor

l. Correct control card
2. Resubmit job

Erroneous control card
appears on OUT; job
terminates
l. Correct control card
2. Resubmit job

F-6

60281500

TYPE SOURCE

MSRT

NO.

MESSAGE

UNIT

SIGNIFICANCE

032 B VAR RCC EXCEEDS REC CTO Variable record character
LEN
OUT count field extends beyond
maximum record length.

RESULT/ACTION

Erroneous file control card
is printed on OUT; job
terminates
1. Correct control card
2. Resubmit job

MSRT

033 B 1st NS OP LABEL CD
MISSING

034 B Fa'S OF INT MERG
MIXED

035 B SEQ TABLE DUP CHAR,
char

036 B

LABEL CHR CNT ERR

CTO MSRT encountered nonstandard
OUT label control card 2 before encountering nonstandard label
control card 1.

Erroneous card appears on
OUT; job terminates
1. Correct control card
2. Resubmit job

CTO File ordinals of intermediate
OUT merge files switched erroneously by programmer.

Job terminates

CTO MSRT encountered nonblank
OUT duplicate character in user's
optional collating sequence
control card.

Erroneous card is printed
on OUT; job terminates

CTO Character count on nonstandard
OUT output label control card is
nonnumeric.

Erroneous control card is
printed on OUT; job
terminates

1. Correct control card
2. Resubmit job

MSRT

037 B REC LEN EXCEEDS
MAX

CTO Physical record on specified
OUT file is larger than maximum
allowed (4095).

File control card is printed
on OUT; job terminates
1. Alter physical record
size
2. Resubmit job

MSRT

038 B LOG REC LEN EXCEEDS CTO Record size exceeds block
PHYS ON
OUT size on specified control card.

Job terminates

1. Correct error
2. Resubmit the job
D

MSRT

60281500

039 B TAG OUTPUT MUST BE
FIXED

040 B

UNIT no. REJECT

CTO Tag record consists of the 8
OUT character preamble plus the
lay fields. This is always
fixed in length and invalid if
specified otherwise.

Job terminates

1. Correct control card
2. Resubmit job

CTO Illegal function with UNIT no.
OUT attempted.

F-7

TYPE SOURCE NO.

UNIT

MESSAGE

SIGNIFICANCE

RESULT/ACTION

MSRT

041

UNIT no. DOWNED

CTO Operator declared UNIT no.
OUT down

MSRT

042

UNIT no. READ ERR

CTO Read parity on UNIT no.
OUT declared irrecoverable

MSRT

043

UNIT no. WRITE ERR

CTO Write parity on UNIT no.
OUT declared irrecoverable

MSRT

044

CANNOT RESTART

CTO Restart file not available.
OUT

MSRT

045

B FILE ORDINAL NOT
AVAILABLE (PRR)

CTO All available file ordinals have
OUT been used.

MSRT

046

B 16K MSSORT CANNOT
HANDLE FILE CONTROL

CTO User must sufficiently define
OUT intermediate files.

MSRT

047

B MS REJE CT CODE

CTO MSIO rejected a READ attempt
OUT on the file specified with the
specified reject code. See 3.4
for code description.

Job terminates.

CTO
OUT

Job terminates.

MSRT

048

LIBFILE
DRS
LIB ERRORS no.
1

One of SOR T routines not
found in DRS

The first block specified in the
SORT routines doesn't begin
with the IDC card.

MSRT

100

B RCC PARAMS IGNORED CTO User specified record character
OUT count field parameters in file
IF UNBLOCKED, RCD
control card and also specified
MARK CONTROL OR
file contains unblocked, record
UNIVERSAL
mark or universal records.
MSR T ignores character count
information.

MSRT

101

B INSUFFICIENT
INTERNAL MERGE FILES
SPECIFIED

CTO User allocated only one interOUT mediate merge file. MSRT
allocates additional file.

MSRT

102

B SEQ TABLE - number
of CHARS

CTO User included collating seOUT quence control card which
contains less than 64 characters
and does not contain S in column
68. The number in the message
indicates number of characters
in user's collating sequence.

F-8

Processing continues

60281500

TYPE SOURCE NO.

MESSAGE

UNIT

CTO User specified merge-only run Card is ignored; job conOUT but included sort input file
tinues.
control card.

SIGNIFICANCE

MSRT 103

MSRT 104

B NS OP LABEL CD
IGNORED

CTO Output file control card label
OUT option specifies S, X, or C.

MSRT 105

B CANNOT ALLOCATE ERROR CODE no.

CTO
OUT

SI CD ILLEGAL

Another ocarem function has
not yet run to completion
(OPEN, CLOSE, ALLOCATE,
RELEASE, EXPAND, MODIFY)

Illegal device type or recording
mode (ALLOCATE)

Illegal value for L or N in the
alpha parameter string (OPEN,
CLOSE)

Maximum file size exceeded
(ALLOCATE, EXPAND)

File id in fet already exists
(ALLOCATE, MODIFY)

File label directory is full
(ALLOCATE)

Illegal device number in resident allocation table (ALLOCATE, EXPAND)

N tracks are not available
(ALLOCATE, EXPAND)

This allocation would cause
maximum segment count to be
exceeded (ALLOCATE, EXPAND. Maximum segment
count is installation parameter
in MSIO routine.)

RESULT/ACTION

Nonstandard output label
card is ignored.

(continued)

60281500

F-9

TYPE SOURCE NO.

UNIT

MESSAGE

SIGNIFICANCE

RESULT/ACTION

(continued)
CANNOT ALLOCATE ERROR CODE no.

Contiguousness of n tracks not
available (ALLOCATE, EXPAND)

File id in the fet could not be
located in the label directory
(OPEN, RELEASE, EXPAND,
MODIFY)

File is currently open (RELEASE, EXPAND, MODIFY)

Security in fet does not match
security label (OPEN, RELEASE, EXPAND, MODIFY)

The specified file ordinal has
been assigned (OPEN)

Too many files are open
(OPEN. Maximum of open files
are set through installation
option. )

The file is already open for
output (OPEN)

Use indicates output but file
label says read-only (OPEN)

Use indicates output but file is
already open (OPEN)

Not enough drives to place file
on line (OPEN)

Illegal control value in calling
sequence (RELEASE)

The specified fo has not been
assigned but execution continued (CLOSE)

(continued)

F-10

60281500

TYPE SOURCE NO.

UNIT

MESSAGE

SIGNIFICANCE

RESUL T/ACTION

(continued)
CANNOT ALLOCATE ERROR CODE no.

60281500

Fet missing

Request would exceed maximum
length of rat

Parameter x too long

Illegal punch

Control function too long

Illegal device type

Illegal file ordinal

Illegal block size (ALLOCATE)

Illegal device number

Illegal n

Illegal expiration date

New fet missing

F-11

TYPE SOURCE NO.

MESSAGE

UNIT

SIGNIFICANCE

MSRT

109

MI CDS ILLEGAL

CTO User specified sort-only run
OUT but included merge input file
control cards.

MSRT

111

no. records IN

CTO MSR T read number of records
OUT in current pass.

MSRT

112

no. records ADDED

CTO Modification routine added
OUT number of records indicated in
message.

MSRT

113

no. records DELETED

CTO Modification routine or parity
OUT error with reject option deleted
number of records specified in
the message.

MSRT

114

no. records OUT

CTO MSR T wrote number of records
OUT indicated in message. Message
appears after internal sort
phase and after final merge
phase. This message also
appears after any intermediate
merge pass when number of
records written differs from
number of records read.

MSRT

115

no. SEQ

eTO During the internal sort phase,
OUT MSR T generated the number of
sequences (strings) specified
in the message.

MSRT

116

no. records DUMPED

eTa MSR T wrote specified number
OUT of records in message on restart dump file.

MSRT

117

B UNIT no. FINAL
OUTPUT REEL no.

CTO Final output reel number speciOUT fied in message on unit number
speCified in message is complete.

MSRT

118

no. INTERMEDIATE
MERGE PASSES

CTO Number of intermediate merge
OUT passes speCified in the message
are required for this sort run.

MSRT

119

MERGE PASS no.

eTO MSR T completed merge pass
OUT specified in message.

MSRT

120

FINAL MERGE

CTO MSR T began final merge pass.
OUT

MSRT

121

FO IS MERGE INPUT

eTO MSR T identifies each merge
OUT input file with this message.

F-12

RESULT/ACTION

Cards are ignored; job
continues

60281500

TYPE SOURCE

NO.

MESSAGE

UNIT

SIGNIFICANCE

RESULT/ACTION

MSRT

122

RECORD CNT EXCEEDS CTO Block or record count exceeds
BLOCK
OUT the maximum specified.
MAX

MSR T writes the record or
block on OUT; processing
continues

MSRT

123

B RCD EXTENDS PAST
END OF BLOCK

CTO Record size exceeds maximum
OUT specified.

MSRT writes the record on
OUT; processing continues

MSRT

124

CTO MSR T detected parity error
OUT when writing restart dump.

Program continues, but
there is no restarting
capability until the next
restart dump is written
successfully.

MSRT

125

B CANT ALLOCATE,
OPEN - NO RESTART
DUMP

CTO MSR T is unable to allocate or
OUT open restart file.

No restart dumps will be
taken and there is no restarting capability.

MSRT

126

B ASSUMED ENDMSS
CARD

MSRT

127

DUP CD TYPE

CTO Certain control cards, such as
OUT a primary control card, may
appear only once in input deck.

When MSR T encounters
duplicates of these cards,
the first card read is
accepted; duplicates are
ignored.

MSRT

128

SURPLUS MERGE FILE

CTO User specified more than 14
OUT merge files for sort-andmerge run, or more than 15
merge files for merge-only
run.

MSR T ignores the surplus
merge files; processing
continues

MSRT

129

DUP FILE ID

CTO Merge input file control cards
OUT contain duplicate identifiers in
column 2.

MSRT

130

READ PARITY
BUFFER LENGTH

MSRT

131

B MSS RESTART DUMP
no.

CTO MSR T just completed restart
OUT dump specified in message.

MSRT

201

B ABOVE ERRORS MAY
BE IGNORED. X,A

CTO Only minor errors (listed
OUT above this message on CTO
and OUT) were detected during
edit phase.

60ZS'1500

NO RESTART DUMP

7
CTO MSRT encountered 9 card
OUT which was not ENDMSS.

Card is listed on OUT;
mass storage sort assumes
an ENDMSS card.

1. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT
2. Type Ix to continue
IA to abort
3. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT

F-13

TYPE SOURCE

NO.

MESSAGE

UNIT

SIGNIFICANCE

RESULT/ACTION

MSRT

202

B UNIT no. END OF TAPE CTO MSR T detected an end-of-file
mark on a sort input file; user
OR END OF FILE T, F
requested operator control for
end-of-input option.

1. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT
2. Type IT if another input
reel
IF if no reel; return to mass
storage sort
3. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT

MSRT

203

B UNIT no. MOUNT NEXT CTO Operator signaled existence of
another input reel, or MSRT
INPUT REEL. X
read an EaT trailer label on a
sort or merge input and the
end-of-input option is standard
trailer label control.

1. Mount next reel
2. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT
3. Type Ix to continue
4. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT

MSRT

204

B UNIT no. LABEL
ERROR. X,A

CTO MSR T detected an error in
trailer label

1. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT
2. Type Ix to continue
IA to terminate
3. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT

MSRT

205

B UNIT no. LABEL
ERROR. X,A,R
LABEL READ
(label)
LABEL EXPECTED
(label)

CTO MSR T detected header label
error

1. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT
2. Type Ix to continue
IR to reread
IA to terminate
3. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT

MSRT

206

B TO RESTART SET JK6
OFF TO CONTINUE

CTO MSR T wants to know if
OUT RESTART is wanted

1. Set JK6 to RESTART
Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT
Type Ix
Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT
2. Leave JK6 OFF to continue

MSRT

207

B RECORD COUNTS DO
NOT AGREE. X,A

CTO MSRT encountered discrepancy
OUT between record count at end of
one pass and record count at
end of a preceding pass.

1. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT
2. Type/X to accept
discrepancy
IA to terminate
job
3. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT

F-14

60281500

TYPE SOURCE NO.

UNIT

MESSAGE

MSRT

208

MSRT

209

B UNIT no. END OF TAPE CTO MSR T detected end-of-file
OR END OF FILE. T,F
OUT mark on merge input file; user
specified operator control for
end-of-file input option.

MSRT

210

MSRT

211

MSRT

60281500

READY 61

SIGNIFICANCE

UNIT no. MOUNT
TAPE. X

CTO UNIT 61 is not READY
OUT

olp

RESULT/ACTION

1. Ready UNIT61
2. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT
3. Type Ix
4. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT
1. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT
2. Type IT to signal
input reel
IF no input reel
3. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT

CTO MSRT began final merge pass
OUT and is ready to write on final
output tape.

To continue:
1. Mount output tape on
requested unit
2. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT
3. Type Ix
4. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT

B INTERPHASE RECORD
COUNTS DO NOT AGREE.
X,A

CTO Record count at end-of-merge
OUT disagrees with combined record
counts of sort phase.

1. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT
2. Type Ix to accept
discrepancy
IA to terminate
3. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT

212

B NON-RETRIEVABLE
RECORD. X,A

CTO MSR T encountered error
OUT attempting to reread a record
from an input file for a full
record output from tag sort.

1. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT
2. Type Ix to reread
record
I A to terminate
3. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT

213

B MSS RESTART
ENTERED - CLEAR JK6

CTO MSR T is ready to restart.
OUT

1. Set SELECT JUMP6
OFF
2. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT
3. Type I
4. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT

F-15

TYPE SOURCE

NO.

MESSAGE

UNIT

SIGNIFICANCE

eTO MSR T attempted to restart but
OUT restart dump file contained
errors.

RESUL T/ACTION

1. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT
2. Type /x to continue
without restarting
/ A to terminate
3. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT

l\lSRT

214

B CANNOT RESTART.
X.A

l\ISRT

215

MSRT

216

B LUN no. WRITE
PARITY. R,A

CTO MSR T made five unsuccessful
OUT attempts to write a record on
unit specified in message.

1. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT
2. Type /R to rewrite
record
/A to abort
3. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT

MSRT

217

B OPERA TOR TYPING
ERR.

eTa A non-valid character response
was given from the operator.

1. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT
2. Retype correct response
3. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT

MSRT

219

B ENTER DEVICE TYPE
OF INTERMEDIATE
MERGE FILES MI. /DT,
MI 1311 = 40, 852 = 41
853 = 50, 854 = 51,
813 = 60, 863 = 70

CTO MSR T began restart and needs
OUT to know device type of user
(allocated intermediate merge
files).

1. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT
2. Type / code number
3. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT

l\lSRT

220

B IRRECOVERABLE DISK CTO MSRT encountered irrecoverOUT able I/O error.
ERROR. R,A,S

1. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT
2. Type /R to retry
/ A to terminate
/S to restart
3. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT

MSRT

223

IF TYPING ERROR, SET
.JK1

If a typing error was made

F-16

READ PARITY
eTa MSR T encountered parity error
UNIT no. or BUFFER
OUT in five attempts to read record,
LENGTH
or encountered buffer length
R, A, S
error. This message appears
only if option 5 is selected.

CTO

1. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT
2. Type /R to reread
record
/A to abort
/S to restart
3. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT

on previous attempt. set
.Jump Key 1 to reenter
device type

60281500

TAPE
SORT/MERGE-TYPE SOURCE NO.

UNIT

MESSAGE

TSRT

100 B

EOF ERROR

TSRT

101 B

NEED

TSRT

SIGNIFICANCE

RESULT/ACTION

OUT End-of-file encountered on
the system input unit.

The control cards must be
followed by an ENDSORT
card.
1. Correct condition
2. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT
3. Type TERM to
terminate
GO to continue
4. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT

OUT Modification Exit 1 is needed
if input and output records are
not the same length and type.
Exit 2 is needed if all records
on MERGE input files are not
the same length and type as the
output file.

Job terminates

102 B ERR, INTERNAL MRG
UNIT

OUT This message is given for each
incorrect logical unit specified
on master control card. (i, e. ,
unassigned unit, systems unit,
nonnumerical unit)

Job terminates

TSRT

103 B

TOO FEW TAPE UNITS

OUT The number of logical units
specified on master control
card 1 is less than 3 for a
polyphase merge, less than 4
for a balanced merge, or less
than the number of unassigned
merge input files for a sort
and merge.

Job terminates

TSRT

104 B

NO ENDSORT CARD

OUT Edit phase read a ~ card before Job terminates
encountering an ENDSORT card

TSRT

105

NO MRG IP CDS

OUT Either merge only or sort and
merge was specified in column
3 of master control card 1, but
no merge input files were
specified.

60281500

EXIT~

Job terminates

F-17

TYPE SOURCE NO.

MESSAGE

UNIT

SIGNIFICANCE

RESULT/ACTION

TSRT

106

NO SRT KEYS

OUT There are not sort keys
specified on master control
card 1, columns 43-52

Erroneous control card
appears on OUT; job
terminates.

TSRT

107

NO OP CD

OUT An output card must be present
for a merge only run.

Job terminates

TSRT

108 B

NO SI CD

OUT A sort input FILE control card
is required for a sort only or
a sort and merge run.

Job terminates

TSRT

109 B

SORT KEY no. INV

OUT Sequence type, order, key
size, or location is nonnumeric; sequence type is not
1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 or sequence
order is not 1 or 2.

Erroneous control card
appears on OUT; job
terminates.

TSRT

110 B

SRT KEY no. TOO LONG OUT Sort key number (01-10)
extends beyond the maximum
record length.

Erroneous control card
appears on OUT; job
terminates.

TSRT

111 B

NO NS OP LABEL CD

OUT N or T label type on the output
FILE control card requires a
nonstandard output LABEL
control card.

Job terminates

TSRT

112 B

COpy OPTION INV

OUT

TSRT

113

F-18

B 1st NS OP LABEL CD
MISSING

Label option C is valid only for Erroneous control card
an output FILE card, when the
appears on OUT; job
input FILE card (or first merge terminates.
input FILE card for a mergeonly) specifies other than no
label option.

OUT Nonstandard output LABEL
card 2 cannot be accepted
without nonstandard output
LABEL card 1.

Erroneous control card
appears on OUT; job
terminates.

60281500

TYPE SOURCE NO.

MESSAGE

UNIT

SIGNIFICANCE

RESULT/ACTION

TSRT

114 B

TSRT

115

TSRT

116 B MOD UNIT CANNOT=
SRT IP UNIT

OUT

TSRT

117

OUT If label option T is specified
on the output FILE control
card, modification exit 3 must
be specified.

Job terminates

TSRT

118 B

OUT A variable length record output
file is specified with no record
character count which is only
allowed if the input file is unblocked variable or under
record mark control.

Job terminates

TSRT

119 B PARAM MISSING OR
INV-

OUT

This message is printed for
errors in all control cards except FILE and is followed by
the parameter in error as
listed below with TSRT 120 B
FILE PARAM MISSING OR INV
message.

Erroneous control card
appears on OUT; job
terminates.

TSRT

120

OUT

Error in a FILE control card,
followed by one of the following
parameters and the erroneous
control card.

Job terminates in each
case. The erroneous control card is printed on OUT
following the message.

60281500

MEMORY TOO SMALL

OUT A vail able memory is not
sufficient for the type of run
specified. This calculation
considers the sizes of modification routines, input and output buffers, merge input file
buffer, and merge order.

Job terminates.
1. Decrease length of exits
2. Decrease blocking
factor

B MOD UNITS 2, 3 MUST
BE =

OUT Modification routines 2 and 3
must be loaded from the same
logical unit.

Job terminates

B NEED EXIT 3 FOR NS
TLR LABEL

OP RCC MISSING

B FILE PARAM MISSING
OR INV-

The unit specifieq for loading
a modification routine cannot
also be specified as a SORT
input unit.

Job terminates

F-19

TYPE SOURCE NO.

UNIT

MESSAGE

SIGNIFICANCE

RESULT/ACTION

(continued)
ALT LOGICAL UNIT

Alternate logical unit

END OF INPUT OPTION
FILE IDENT CHARACTER
FINAL

olp

File identification character

REWIND-OPT

LABEL DATE

Standard label date

LABEL LOGICAL UNIT

Standard label logical unit

LABEL TYPE
LOGICAL UNIT

Logical unit number of this
file

LOGICAL UNIT FILE M
MAX LOGICAL RCD LEN

Maximum logical record
length

MAX PHYSICAL RCD
LEN

Mass storage data block
size or maximum physical
record length for tape files

MAX SORT BLOCK SIZE
MERGE OP LOG UNIT
MODIFICATION SIZE
MODIFICATIONS UNIT

Parameter missing or invalid modification on specified unit
l. Unassigned, nonnumeric,
or invalid systems unit
2. Modifications unit is the
same as the input or alterna te input unit
3. Any modification unit is on
the wrong side of the
merge

NUM INPUT REELS
RCD MARK CTL-OP
FILE
(continued)

F-20

60281500

TYPE SOURCE NO.

MESSAGE

UNIT

SIGNIFICANCE

RESULT/ACTION

(continued)
RD BUF LEN ERROR OPT
RD PARITY ERR OPTION
RECORD MARK CONTROL
RECORD TYPE
REEL SEQUENCE
NUMBER
RESTART OPTION
RETENTION COUNT

Standard label retention code

SORT IP LOGICAL UNIT /

File ordinal or logical unit
number for SOR T input files

TAPE DENSITY
TAPE MODE
TYPE OF MERGE
TYPE OF SORT
USERS SEQ E-I CODE
YAR REC CHAR CNT MOD

TSRT

60281500

YAR REC CHAR CNT POS

Location of first character of
variable record count field

YAR RCD CHAR CNT SIZ

Variable record character
count size

121 B SEQ TABLE DUP CHAR,
char

OUT A duplicate character, other
than blank, was encountered
on the optional collating
sequence control card.

Erroneous control card
appears on OUT; job
terminates

F-21

TYPE SOURCE NO.

MESSAGE

UNIT

SIGNIFICANCE

RESULT/ACTION

TSRT

122 B LOG REC LEN NOT A
FACTOR OF PHYS REC
LEN ON no.

OUT

For fixed length files only.

Job terminates

TSRT

123 B REC LEN EXCEEDS
MAX-ON SORT
IP FILE

OUT

Physical record length is
larger than the maximum
allowed.

Job terminates
1. Alter physical record
size
2. Resubmit job

OUT

Character count on the nonstandard output LABEL
control card is nonnumeric.

Job terminates

Variable record character
count field extends beyond the
maximum record length.

Job terminates

B REC LEN EXCEEDS
MAX-ON MERG M FILE
LABEL CRR CNT ERR

TSRT

124 B

TSRT

125 B VAR RCC EXCEEDS REC OUT
LEN ON no.

TSRT

126 B LOGICAL RECORD
LENGTH TOO SMALL
ONno.

OUT

Logical record size must be
greater than 16 characters.

Job terminates

TSRT

127 B WG REC LEN EXCEEDS PHYS ON no.

OUT

Logical record length cannot
be greater than the phYSical
record length.

Job terminates

TSRT

128 B

OUT

Control card identification in
columns 1 and 2 is invalid.

Job terminates

TSRT

129 B INTERNAL MERGE
UNIT no. GIVEN TWICE

OUT

SpeCified logical unit is duplicated in the file list on
master control card 1.

Job terminates

TSRT

130 B

OUT

This message appears when
Tape Sort must terminate the
job because of one or more
major control card errors or
if the operator has accepted
an option to delete the job.

Job terminates

TSRT

131 B UNENDING MERGE.
JOB DELETED

CTO
OUT

During each merge pass of a
balanced merge, a test is made
to see if the number of sequences was reduced from the
previous pass.

If number of sequences was
not reduced, an unending
MERGE occurred and the
job is deleted.
1. Specify more tapes
2. Resubmit job.

F-22

INV CARD ID

JOB DELETED

60281500

TYPE SOURCE NO.

MESSAGE

UNIT

SIGNIFICANCE

RESULT/ACTION

TSRT

132

B
LOADER ERROR - JOB CTO
DELETED
OUT

The sort monitor encountered
a loading error when loading
one of the SORT subprograms
or a modification routine.

Job is deleted; loading is
attempted three times for
a SORT subprogram.

TSRT

133

ILLEGAL EaT COPYB
ING ON FILE

CTO
OUT

An end-of-tape reflective
spot was encountered during
a MERGE copy pass.

Job is deleted

TSRT

134

INSUFFICIENT WORK
B
T APES FOR UNASSIGNED
MERGE FILES

CTO
OUT

Not enough units are available for the external merge
input files which were not
assigned a logical unit.

Job is deleted

TSRT

135

B
IP UNIT CANNOT = LIB CTO
UNIT

The phYSical unit specified
for the sort input file cannot
be the same as the library
unit.

Job terminates

TSRT

136

LIB UNIT CANNOT BE
B
WORK UNIT IF IP OR
ALT IP IS

CTO
OUT

For a polyphase merge, the
phYSical unit assigned to the
library unit (logical 63) cannot be the s arne as any of the
units specified on master
control card 1 if the logical
unit assigned to the sort input or alternate input is included in that list.

Job terminates

TSRT

137

B
HDWE DISTRIBUTION
ERROR

CTO
OUT

The number of strings on a
drive does not agree with
the number calculated for it.

Job terminates

TSRT

138

B
LUN no. CANNOT
SPECIFY LUN GRTH no.

CTO
OUT

A system assigned logical
unit number was specified
as a user assigned logical
unit number.

Job terminates

TSRT

139

UNIT no. CALL REB
JECTED

CTO
OUT

Restart message. A CIa call
was rejected.

Job terminates

TSRT

141

B
NO EXIT 1 ALLOWED
ON MERGE ONLY

CTO
OUT

Exit 1 is used to modify sort
input data. A merge-only
does not have sort input.

1. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT
2. Type /R to call for
RESTART
identification
/ A to abandon
RESTART
3. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT

60281500

F-23

TYPE SOURCE

NO.

TSRT

142

TSRT

144

TSRT

145

UNIT

MESSAGE

file type INV

MS REJECT code on
~ LIBFILE I
IDRS
\

LIB

SIGNIFICANCE

CTO

Column 3 and 4 of file control
card invalid.

Job terminates

CTO
OUT

MSIO rejected a READ
a ttempt on the file specified
with the specified reject
code. See section 3.4

Job terminates

ERRORS no.
1
2

Job terminates
One SORT routine not in DRS.
Two of first blocks speCified
in DRS for a SORT routine
doesn't begin with IDC card.

TSRT

200

MI CDS ILLEGAL

CTO
OUT

Merge input FILE control
cards are illegal for a sort
only run.

TSRT

201

SI CD ILLEGAL

CTO
OUT

SOR l' input FILE control card
is illegal for a merge only
run.

TSRT

202

DUP FILE CD

CTO
OUT

Duplicate merge input file
identification. (column 2)

TSRT

203

B
MRG TYPE CHANGED
BAL-FOR M. O.

CTO
OUT

The merge type for merge
only is changed to balanced
forward.

TSRT

204

NS OP LABEL CD
B
IGNORED

CTO
OUT

The LABE L option specified
on the output FILE control
card is S, X, or C. This
option overrules the nonstandard output LABEL card.

TSRT

205

ALT OP UNIT
B
CHANGED TO UNIT no.

CTO
OUT

Output and
units must
side of the
units for a

TSRT

206

B
MRGE FILE no. DUP
(LOG/ALT) UNIT no. UNIT
IGNORED

CTO
OUT

Specified merge input file
logical unit was previous ly
assigned to another merge
input file or was included in
the list on master control
card 1.

F-24

RESUl T/ACTION

alternate output
be on the same
available work
balanced merge.
Edit phase ignores the
unit assignment

60281500

TYPE SOURCE NO.

MESSAGE

UNIT

SIGNIFICANCE

TSRT

207

B ALT (IP lOP) UNIT
CHANG ED SAME AS
PRIMARY

CTO
OUT

Both primary and alternate
input or output units in a
polyphase merge cannot be
work units.

TSRT

208

B ASSUMED END SORT
CARD card

CTO
OUT

A type 9 card is not ENDSORT.

TSRT

209

CTO
OUT

Specified first card read will
be accepted.

TSRT

210

RCC PARAMS IGNORED CTO
B
card
OUT

When an unblocked file or
record mark control is
specified, it takes preference
over record character count.

TSRT

211

B SEQ TABLE - no.
CHARS

Less than 64 characters are
contained on the SEQUENCE
T ABLE card and an S was
specified in column 68.

TSRT

212

B SURPLUS MERGE FILE CTO
card
OUT

For a sort and merge, only
14 merge files are allowed.
For a merge only, 15 MERGE
files are allowed.

TSRT

213

B INTERNAL MERGE IP CTO
LOG UNITS no., no., ......• OUT

If a job was not deleted at the
end of the EDIT phase, this
message appears for sort
only and sort and merge runs.
Two or more unit no. 's may
appear.

TSRT

214

B INTERNAL MERGE OP CTO
OUT
LOG UNITS no., ........

If a job was not deleted at the
end of the EDIT phase, this
mes sage appears for sort
only and sort and merge runs.
One or more unit no. 's may
appear.

TSRT

216

UNIT no. FINAL OUTB
PUT REEL no.

Specified final output reel is
complete.

TSRT

217

60281500

DUP CD TYPE card

CTO
OUT

UNIT no. READ PARITY CTO
OUT

RESULT/ACTION

In a balanced MERGE when
input, output, and the library unit must be on the
same side of the MERGE, it
may be necessary to change
an alternate unit.

For a MERGE only, the
surplus card is ignored.
For a SORT and MERGE
run, the job is deleted.

Sort is unable to read a record after five attempts. Sort
will treat the record according to the parity error option
on master control card 1.

F-25

TYPE SOURCE NO.

MESSAGE

UNIT

TSRT

218

UNIT no. BUFFER
B
LENGTH

CTO
OUT

TSRT

219

LABEL READ

CTO
OUT

TSRT

220

LABEL EXPECTED

CTO
OUT

TSRT

221

TSRT

222

TSRT

223

TSRT

SIGNIFICANCE

A buffer length error was encountered in reading a record.
SOR T will treat the record
according to the buffer length
error option on master control card 1.

CTO
OUT

Sort cannot write a record
after 5 attempts. An operator
option message follows.

no. IN

CTO
OUT

This record count gives the
number of logical records
read by each pass.

no. OUT

CTO
OUT

The number of logical records
written during the internal
sort phase, the final merge
pass and any intermediate
merge pass of a balanced
merge where the number of
records read differs from the
number of records written.

224

no. ADDED

CTO
OUT

Record count of the number
of logical records inserted by
a modification routine.

TSRT

225

no. DELETED

CTO
OUT

Record count of the number of
physical records deleted by a
modification routine.

TSRT

226

no. DUMPED

CTO
OUT

Record count of the number of
logical records dumped.

TSRT

227

B OUTPUT TAPES FULL. CTO
MOUNT LARGER SCRATCH OUT
TAPES ON alp UNITS

An end-of-tape reflective
spot was reached during the
internal sort phase on one
output tape for a polyphase
merge or M output tapes for a
balanced merge. This is
probably caused by short
tapes.

F-26

UNIT no. WRITE
PARITY

RESULT/ACTION

The job will be deleted.
An operator action message
follows. The operator
should put up larger
scratch tapes before replying. If full tapes are
already mounted, the
SORT input is too large
for the system.

60281500

TYPE SOURCE NO.

UNIT

MESSAGE

SIGNIFICANCE

RESUL T/ACTION

TSRT

228

B no. INTERMEDIATE
MERG E PASSES

CTO
aUT

Number of intermediate merge
passes required for this sort
run is given.

TSRT

229

OUT OF SEQUENCE

CTa
OUT

The merge phas e requires
all input records to be in
sequence according to the
sort key specified.

TSRT

230

RESTART IDENT lurc

CTa
OUT

lu Logical unit number
rc Restart code
Printed after the RESTART.

Dump was taken.

TSRT

231

NO RESTART DUMP

CTO
OUT

A parity error was detected
when writing the RESTART
dump.

Program continues; there
is no restarting capability
until the next restart dump
is written successfully.

TSRT

232

no. SEQ

CTO
OUT

Number of sequences created
by internal sort phase.

TSRT

233

UNIT no. BLK

CTa
OUT

Identifies the block dumped.

TSRT

234

UNIT no. LABEL
B
ERROR.

CTO
OUT

The label read from the unit
mentivned is not equal to the
label expected.

TSRT

235

MERGE PASS no.

CTa
OUT

The number of merge passes
currently being processed.

TSRT

236

FINAL MERGE

CTO
OUT

Sort entered the final merge
pass and is emitting the final
output.

TSRT

237

TSRT

238

ReD EXTENDS PAST
B
END OF BLOCK

TSRT

239

60281500

LOGICAL RECORD(
BLOCK COUNT
)EX- CTO
OUT
RECORD COUNT
CEEDS MAX.

IB no.

aB no.

Gno.

Record count message

CTO
OUT

The logical record, block,
or variable record character
count exceeds the maximum
specified.

CTO
OUT

SORT input block size.

Work tape block size

Tournament, in number
of records

The record or block is
written on OUT; processing
continues.

F-27

TYPE SOURCE NO.

MESSAGE

UNIT

SIGN I FICANCE

RESULT/ACTION

TSRT

240

EQUIPMENT DOWN
B
JOB DELETED

CTO
OUT

Equipment problems

TSRT

241

MAY BE SAVED FOR
B
RESTART

CTO
OUT

Unit or units specified in reEither:
start dump; may be dismounted 1. Dis mount and save, or
and saved if user wishes.
continue
2. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT
3. Type I
4. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT

TSRT

301

CTO
OUT

An end-of-file was detected
while reading a sort or a
merge input file; the end of
input option. is operator
control.

UNIT no. EaT. T. F.

Job terminates

1. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT
2. Type IF if no more
input
If unit is needed by the
MERGE phase, unload
the tape. A message
appears to mount a
scratch tape.

if more input
reels on a
multi-reel file
A message is printed to
mount the next input
reel
3. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT

Type

F-28

TSRT

302

303

B UNIT no. MOUNT NEXT CTO
INPUT REEL.
OUT

Either:
1. The operator responded to
the message TSRT 301 by
typing the option, or
2. EaT trailer label was read
on a sort or merge input
file where the end of input
option is standard trailer
label control.

B
UNIT no. MOUNT
SCRATCH

The end of an input file was
reached.

CTO
PUT

1. Mount next input reel
2. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT
3. Type I
4. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT

If the unit is needed by the
MERGE phase:
1. Unload the tape. The
program does not stop.
2. Mount scratch tape

60281500

TYPE SOURCE NO.

TSRT

304

UNIT no. MOUNT
B
MERGE INPUT

TSRT

305

UNIT no. MOUNT
B
TAPE REEL

TSRT

306

TSRT

307

SORT CAPACITY
B
REACHED A, G, F

60281500

UNIT

MESSAGE

alp

(MOUNT SCRATCH).

SIGNIFICANCE

RESULT/ACTION

CTO
OUT

Sort is ready to start the
final merge pass and requests
presorted merge input files
to be mounted. Tape is actually the file identification
character from the input file
control card.

1. Mount specified tape
2. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT
3. Type I
4. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT

CTO
OUT

Sort began the final merge
pass and is ready to write on
the final output tape. Sort
will loop until response is
entered to permit the operator
to mount an output reel

When the unit is ready:
1. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT
2. Type I
3. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT

CTO
OUT

MOUNT SCRATCH appears
if output is multireel. The
tape will be rewound or unloaded according to the option
in master control card 1. If
an alternate output unit is
specified, sort will alternate
multireel output between the
two units.

The program halts only if
MOUNT SCRATCH is
printed.
1. Remove the reel
2. Mount a scratch tape.

CTO
OUT

The maximum number of
records that can be sorted is
computed by Edit phase.

When the maximum number
is reached in the internal
phase:
1. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT
2. Type IA to delete job
Type IG to ignore SORT
capacity warning and continue
reading the input file
(This could result in an unending MERGE)
Type IF to continue. sorting records already read
(assume that
the end of input
was reached)
3. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT

F-29

TYPE SOURCE NO.

MESSAGE

UNIT

B TO ACCEPT, RETRY,
OR TERMINATE X, R,A

CTO
OUT

An error was found when com- 1. Press MANUAL
paring a standard header (or
INTERRUPT
trailer label read) with the
2. Type Ix to accept the
label expected.
label read
IR to try reading
label again
IA to terminate
job
3. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT

SIGNIFICANCE

RESULT/ACTION

TSRT

309

TSRT

310 B UNIT no. UNABLE TO
WRITE (EaT lEaF) LABEL

CTO
OUT

Sort cannot write an EaT or
EOF trailer label.

1. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT
2. Type I
3. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT

TSRT

311 B UNIT no. BLOCK
SEQUENCE

CTO
OUT

Each internal sort file contains a block sequence number
in each physical record. This
message is printed when a
block is read out of sequence.

To continue the SORT:
1. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT
2. Type I
3. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT

TSRT

312

B INTERPHASE RECORD
COUNTS DO NOT AGREE.
X,A

CTO
OUT

Record counts are compared
at the end of each phase.
Interphase record counts are
counted at the end of pass 1
of a balanced merge or at
the end of the final merge
pass for a polyphase merge.

1. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT
2. Type Ix to continue the
SORT
IA to delete the
job
3. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT

TSRT

315

B ENTER RESTART
IDENT, lurc

CTO
OUT

The restart program is ready
to restart the sort.

1. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT
2. Enter the restart ident
(lurc) of the restart
dump last written on
typewriter
3. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT

lu
rc

F-30

TSRT

316

B INV ALID-REENTER
RESTART IDENT. lurc

CTO
OUT

Logical unit number of
tape containing dump
Restart code or serial
number indicating restart
dump.

Logical unit number of
tape containing dump

Restart code or serial
number indicating restart
dump.

1. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT
2. Type 4 character restart ident (lurc)
3. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT

60281500

TYPE SOURCE NO.

MESSAGE

UNIT

SIGNIFICANCE

RESULT/ACTION

TSRT

317 B
UNITS no., no., no., MAY CTO
OUT
BE SAVED FOR RESTART

TSRT

318

B MOUNT SCRATCH ON
63

CTO
OUT

The library unit is being used
by the sort during the merge
phase

1. Remove the library tape
2. Mount a scratch tape
3. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT
4. Type I
5. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT

TSRT

319

B MOUNT LIBRARY ON
63

CTO
OUT

The final merge pass was com
pleted and the library tape
must be remounted before
sort can return to RTS.

1. Mount the library tape
on 63
2. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT
3. Type I
4. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT

TSRT

320

B ABOVE ERRORS MAY
BE IGNORED. X,A

CTO
OUT

Appears if minor errors were
detected during the EDIT
phase.

1. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT
2. Type Ix to continue
I A to terminate
3. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT

TSRT

321

60281500

TO RESTART SET JK6

1. Remove the last set of
intermediate MERGE
input tapes for later use.
2. Label each with the unit
from which it was removed
3. Note the last restart
ident printed.
4. Replace each tape with
a scratch reel.
5. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT
6. Type I
7. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT

1. Set SELECT JUMP 6_
2. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT
3. Type I
4. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT

F-31

TYPE SOURCE

TSRT

NO.

MESSAGE

UNIT

322

B WITHOUT PRINTER.
X,A

CTO
OUT

The printer is down.

CTO
OUT

For a merge only run, tape
mounting messages are
printed after the merge
phase is loaded.

If all units are READY
and the SORT input file
is mounted,
1. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT
2. Type I to continue
3. Press MANUA L
INTERRUPT

CTO
OUT

Appears after either:
1. Write parity irrecoverable
error
2. Read parity error
3. Buffer length error

1. Press MANUAL

TSRT

323

ALT
UNIT no. FOR SORT IP.

TSRT

324

RETRY ON ABANDON.

RIA

SIGNIFICANCE

RESULT/ACTION

1. Press MANUAL

INTERRUPT
2. Type Ix to continue SORl
IA to terminate
3. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT

INTERRUPT
2. Type IR to retry
IA to abandon
3. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT

It appears when option 5 was

specified on master control
card 01.
A

TSRT

325

B ABOVE ERRORS MAY
BE IGNORED. IA.

CTO
OUT

Minor errors were discovered
by the Edit phas e.

1. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT
2. Type I to continue the
job
IA to delete job
3. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT

TSRT

326

B TO ACCEPT, RETRY,
TERMINATE, RESTART,
OR BYPASS OR PRINT
AND RETRY X,R,A,S, B

CTO
OUT

Read parity error or buffer
length error.

1. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT
2. Type I followed by one
of these respond letters:
X to accept
R to retry
A to terminate
S to restart
B to bypass
P to print and retry
3. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT

F-32

60281500

TYPE SOURCE NO.

MESSAGE

UNIT

SIGNI FICANCE

RESULT/ACTION

TSRT

327

TO ACCEPT OR TERMINATE. X,A

CTO
OUT

Label error.

1. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT
2. Type
/ A to terminate
/X to accept and
continue
3. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT

TSRT

328

RETRY, ABANDON,
OR RESTART. R,A,S

CTO
OUT

WRITE parity error.

Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT
2. Type
/ A to abandon
/R to retry
/S to restart
3. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT

TSRT

330

TO ACCEPT, RETRY,
TERMINATE, OR RESTART. X,R,A,S

CTO
OUT

READ parity error or buffer
lengL1. error.

1. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT
2. Type
/X to accept
/R to retry
/ A to terminate
/S to bypass
3. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT

TSRT

331

DISMOUNT LIBRARY

CTO
OUT

Restart has been loaded.

1. Remove library tape
2. Mount tape which was
on at time restart was
called.

TSRT

332

MOUNT INPUT ON 63

OUT

LIBRARY will unload after
loading phase 1. SORT is
ready for input tape.
Internal sort phase was
loaded; library tape was
unloaded. System is ready
to begin sorting input.

1. Mount input tape on 63.
2. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT
3. Type /
4. Press MANUAL
INTERRUPT

60281500

F-33

INDEX

ALLOCATE card 7-12

Hardware requirements 1-2

Balanced merge 5- 2

Input 1-1,2
Intermediate merge phase 6-4
Mass Storage Sort 6-7
Tape Sort/Merge 6-13
Intermediate storage 1-2
Internal sort phase 6-2
Mass Storage Sort 6-6
Tape Sort/Merge 6-8
Interrecord gap 2-4

Character count 2-2
CLOSE card 7-14
Collating sequence card 7-25,41
Contro I cards 7 -1
Mass Storage Sort 7-16
MSIO 7-7
MSOS 7-2
Tape Sort/Merge 7-31

JOB card 7-3
Edit phase 6-1
ELD loader card 7-28,43
END-OF-FILE card 7-7
EQUIP card 7-4
Exit 1 3-3
entry 1 3-3
entry 2 3-3
entry 3 3-3
entry 4 3-4
Exit 2 3-4
entry 1 3-4
entry 2 3-4
entry 3 3-4
entry 4 3-4
Exit 3 3-5
entry 1 3-5
entry 2 3-5
entry 3 3-6
entry 4 3-6
EXPAND card 7-14
FET card 7-10
FILE card 7-21,36
File labels 2-4
magnetic tape 2-4
mass storage 2-4
Final merge phase 6-5
Mass Storage Sort 6-7
Tape Sort/Merge 6-21
Fixed length file 2-2

60281500

Logical records 2-1
Logical uni t allocation 5-1
Mass Storage Sort 5-1
Tape Sort/Merge 5-2
Magnetic tape file labels 2-4
standard 2-5
nonstandard 2-5
Master card 7-31
Mass Storage file labels A-1
Mas s Storage Sort 1-1
hardware requirements 1-2
input 1-1
intermediate storage 1-2
output 1-2
Mass Storage Sort control cards 7-16
collating sequence card 7-23
ELD loader card 7-28
file card 7 - 21
modification cards 7 - 27
nonstandard output label card 7 -23
primary card 7-16
9ENDMSS card 7 -28
MODIFY card 7-14
Modification cards 7 - 27 ,42
Modification routines 3-1, C-1
exit 1 3-3
exit 2 3-4
exit 3 3-5

Index-1

MSIO control cards 7-7
ALLOCATE card 7-12
CLOSE card 7-14
EXPAND card 7-14
FET card 7-10
MODIFY card 7-14
OPEN card 7-13
RAT card 7-8
RELEASE card 7-15
MSOS control cards 7-2
END-OF-FILE card 7-7
EQUIP card 7-4
JOB card 7-3
MSSORT card 7-5
SEQUENCE card 7-2
SORT card 7-6
Nonstandard output label card 7-23,7-40
OPEN card 7 -13
Output 1-2
Physical records 2-1
magnetic tape 2-1
mass storage 2-1
Polyphase merge 5-3
Primary card 7-16
Program phases 6-1
edit phase 6-1
final merge phase 6-5
intermediate merge phase 6-4
internal sort phase 6-2
sort monitor 6-1
RAT card 7-8
Record block 2-6
magnetic tape 2-7
mass storage 2-6
Record files 2-1
file labels 2-4
fixed length file 2-2
record block 2-6
variable length file 2- 2
Record mark 2-3
Record strings 2-1
Records 2-1
logical records 2-1
physical records 2-1
record strings 2-1
sort keys 2-7

Index-2

RELEASE card 7-5
Restart dump 4-1
Mas s Storage Sort 4-1
Tape Sort/Merge 4-2
RTS 1-2,3;7-2
SEQUENCE card 7-2
SORT card 7-6
SORTK card 7-6
Sort keys 2-7
Sort monitor 6-1
Standard BCD collating sequence E-1
Tape Sort/Merge 7 -31
hardware requirements 1-2
input 1-2
intermediate storage 1-3
output 1-2
Tape Sort/Merge control cards 7 -31
coUating sequence card 7 -41
ELD loader card 7 -43
file card 7-36
master card 7-31
modification card 7 -42
nonstandard output label card 7 -40
9ENDSORT card 7-43
Universal header 2-3
Variable length files 2-2
character count 2-2
interrecord gap 2-4
record mark 2-3
universal header 2-3
9ENDMSS 7-28,43

60281500

COMMENT SH'EET
MANUAL TITLE

3100/3200/3300/3500 MSOS SORT/MERGE Reference Manual

PUBLICATION NO.

FROM:

_--=-6.:.;02=.8=1=5:;..;:0:;..;:0:.....-_ _ __

REVISION _ _ _ _ _ __

NAME: ______________________________________________________
BUSINESS
AODRESS: ___________________________________________

COMMENTS:
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by Control Data Corporation. Any errors, suggested additions or deletions, or general comments may
be made below. Please include page number references and fill in publication revision level as shown by
the last entry on the Record of Revision page at the front of the manual.
Customer engineers are urged
to use the TAR.

.;
Id

II:

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FOLD ON DOTTED LINES AND STAPLE

STAPLE

~IAt'lt

FOLD

-------------------------------------------~
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PERMIT NO. 8241
MINNEAPOLIS, MINN.

BUSINESS REPLY MAIL

Z
::;

NO POSTAGE STAMP NECESSARY IF MAILED IN U.S.A.

POSTAGE WILL BE PAID BY

CONTROL DATA CORPORATION

Technical Publications Department
4201 North Lexington Avenue
Arden Hills, Minnesota 55112

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,'"

CONTROL DATA
CORPORATION

CORPORATE HEADQUARTERS. 8100 34th AVE. SO .• MINNEAPOLIS. MINN. 55420
SALES OFFICES AND SERVICE CENTERS IN MAJOR CITIES THROUGHOUT THE WORLD
Pub. No. 60281500

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