Auerbach_Standard_EDP_Reports_196609_Volume_6_Honeywell_and_Monrobot Auerbach Standard EDP Reports 196609 Volume 6 Honeywell And Monrobot
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AUERBACH STANDARD.EDP REPORTS An Analytical Reference Service for the Electronic Data Processing Field Prepared and Edited by AUERBACH Corporation Philadelphia, Penna. 6 Published by I AUERBACH INFO, INC. I AUERBACH Standard EDP Reports Prepared and Edited by AUERBACH Corporation .............. John R. Hillegass Editor ............................... . Associate Editor . , ............ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ;Alan E. Taylor Assistant Editors ........................................ Fonnie H. Reagan, Jr. Myra C. Weisgold Consulting Editors. '.' ... , ... , .... , ...... , , , ' , , ' , . , . , , , ,John A. Gosden Roger L. Sisson Norman Statland Production Manager. , . ' , .... , , ...... , . , ... ' .. , , , , . , . , , , ,Cecil C. Hamilton Staff ... , .. , ... " .......... ' . , , , , , . , , , , , ... , . , , , , . , , ' ,Lenna W. Holt Susan J. Lehman Frances G. Maslin Robert O. MacBride George Neborak Sally D. Nester Director of Customer Relations, , , , , , .. , .... ,R. G. Scott President ....... , , , ... , ........... , , , , , ....... , ....... Isaac L. Auerbach Director of Information Products Group ..... , .... " ... , , . ,Robert E. Wallace Publisher .... , .. , .... , , ....................... , . , ..... Richard K. Ridall The information contained herein has been obtained from reliable sources and has been evaluated by technical teams with extensive working experience in computer design, selection and application. The informatiofl., however, is not guaranteed. Acknowledgement is made of the inspiration and guidance provided by the Information Systems Branch of Office of Naval Research which has supported data gathering activity by Auerbach Corporation in fields similar to some covered in tHese reports. The data contained and formats used in STANDARD EPD REPORTS were not prepared under any contract with the U. S. Government; and they are the exclusive property of the copyright holders. AUERBACH INFO, INC. 55 n. seventeenth street philadelphia, pa. 19103 215-locust 7-2930 7/64 I J HONEYWEll 400 Honeywell EDP Division ./ ;---- AUERBACH INFO, INC. PRINTED IN U. S. A. HONEYWELL 400 Honeywell EOP Division AUERBACH INFO, INC. PRINTED IN U. S. A. 501:001. 001 STANDARD Honeywell 400 Contents REPORTS CONTENTS 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 14 15. 16. 17. Introduction Data Structure • System Configuration II 4-Tape Business System III 6-Tape Business System V Auxiliary Storage System • VI 6-Tape Business/Scientific System. Internal Storage H-402 Magnetic Core Storage H -460 Magnetic Disc File. Central Processor H-401A Central Processor. Input-Output; Punched Tape and Card H-409 Punched Tape Reader. H-410 Punched Tape Punch H-423 Card Reader H-424-1 Card Punch H-424 Card Punch Input-Output; Printers H-422-3 Printer. H-422-4 Printer. Input-Output; Magnetic Tape H -404-1 Magnetic Tape Unit H-404-2 Magnetic Tape Unit H-404-3 Magnetic Tape Unit Input-Output; Other H -480 Communication Control Unit H-436 Tape Control Unit .. H-405 Magnetic Tape Switching Unit Simultaneous Operations. Instruction List. •• • Data Codes Internal and Printer Code . Card Code Problem Oriented Facilities Simulation by H-800 EASY SORT II. EASY COLLATE THOR • PERT.. • Linear Program Package • TABSIM. Process Oriented Languages Automath-400 COBOL-400 . Machine Oriented Languages EASY I & II • © 1963 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated 501:011 Revised Revised 501:021 Revised 501 :031. 200 501:031. 300 501:031. 500 501:031. 600 501:041 501:042 Revised 501:051 Revised 501:071 501:072 501:073 501:074 501:074 Revised Revised Revised Revised 501:081 501:081 Revised 501:091 501:091 501:091 Revised 501:101 501:102 501:103 501:111 501:121 Revised Revised Revised 501:141 501:142 Revised 501:151.12 501:151. 13 501:151. 13 501:151. 16 501:151. 21 501:151. 22 501:151. 23 501:161 501:162 501:171 Revised Revised 6/63 501:001.002 HONEYWELL 400 CONTENTS (Contd.) 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. RIP 6/63 Program Translators EASY I &11 Automath-400 • COBOL-400 . • Operating Environment EASY Monitor . System Performance Notes on System Performance • Worksheet Data • • . . . . Generalized File Processing Sorting • • . • . Matrix Inversion. Physical Characteristics . Price Data • . . • . . • . • . = Report in process. Revised 501:181 Revised 501:182 501:183 (RIP) 501:191 Revised Revised 501:201. 001 501:201. 011 501:201. 1 501:201. 2 501:201. 3 501:211 501:221 Revised 501:011.100 Honeywell 400 Introduction I NTRODUCTI ON §Oll. The H-400 is a small to medium scale business-oriented computer. It has a fair range of conventional input-output and auxiliary storage units. Only one real option (Multiply/Divide) exists so far as the central processor is concerned, so the computing power of the unit is the same for most configurations. The H-400 was first delivered in 1961 and is mainly used as an independent computer rather than as a supporting satellite for larger systems. The system can be used to support the larger H- 800 but such an application is comparatively unusual. Monthly rentals range from $5,000 to $14,000 and typical systems are approximately $S,OOO. Compatibility The H-400 is the smallest of the Honeywell computers. The larger Honeywell systems are the H-SOO I and II (502:), the H-1400 (505:) and the H-ISOO (503:). There is complete programming compatibility between the H-400 and H-1400 systems, which also share the same peripheral units, but there is no direct programming compatability between the H-400 and the H-SOO/ISOO systems. However, an H-400 simulator is optionally available for use with the H-SOO to permit H-400 programs to be run on the H-SOO. Hardware The basic system, with no optional facilities, operates almost entirely serially (i.e., computation, input, and output are handled one process at a time and do not overlap). Simultaneous tape read and tape write operation is the only exception. Optionally, the printer can be buffered so that the central processor can operate while the printer is operating. The processor, which has optional multiply/divide capabilities, uses binary or decimal arithmetic. Three address instructions ("ADD A, B, C" means ADD (A) to (B) and place the result in C) are used and operands are in fixed word lengths (12 decimal characters including sign, or 4S binary bits). The instruction repertoire is comprehensive and includes especially good editing commands for translation of the 6-bit alphanumeric codes to and from their decimal and binary equivalents. There is a powerful move command which allows n words to be moved at a time. "n" can be of any size up to 4,095. No variable length operations are possible. The processor also serves as the inputoutput controller. The system requires no additional controllers or buffers (beyond the printer buffer) for this reason. The core storage is available with 1,024, 2,04S, 3,072, or 4,096 4S- bit words. Each 24- bit half of a word has a parity bit which is checked whenever the data is moved. The store can accept words with incorrect parity from input-output devices. The processor is made aware of this· condition by a forced transfer of control to a fixed location. A paritychecking instruction is provided to find the incorrect word and correct its parity. Other instructions are provided to implement techniques to correct the incorrect data. They are part of an internal program-executed system called OrthotronicControl. Up to eight magnetic tape units can be connected. The three magnetic tape unit models available operate at 32,000 characters or 48,000 digits per second, 64,000 characters or 96,000 digits per second, and 88,666 characters or 133,000 digits per second. These units have pneumatic drives which handle tape more gently than mechanical drives. A feature of the H-400(Orthotronic Control) enables it to ignore a faulty track when reading a © 1963 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated Revised 7/63 501 :011.101 HONEYWELL 400 INTRODUCTION (Contd.) § OIl. tape and to regenerate the correct data. Orthotronic Control is an error correction system designed particularly to catch errors caused by tape skew. In contrast to read-after-write error detection systems, Orthotronic Control has the advantage that it can cover errors occurring during or after recording, either in storage or during reading. On the other hand, it does not notice recording errors until later reading,. The printer operates at 900 lines per minute. A print storage option is available for this unit that frees the processor for 98 per cent of the printing time. The mM 1402 reader/ punch is now the card equipment normally used with the H-400, although some older installations are still using the converted version of the mM 088 collator. The 1402 reads BOO cards per minute and punches 250 cards per minute. Punched tape equipment is also available; the reader operates at 500 or 1,000 characters per second, the punch at 110 characters per second. Software A number of programming aids are available for the H-400 system. These include: (1) EASY I, a basic symbolic assembler for systems with 1,024-word stores. (2) EASY II, a more complete assembler for systems with stores of 2,048 or more words. This includes an input-output macro which is also used in other software systems, such as AUTOMATH and COBOL. (3) A Sorting Generator and Merging Generator Routine. These are based on the polyphase method, which has been pioneered by Honeywell. (4) Disc File Programs which are presently under development. (5) A COBOL-61 compiler for the H-400, which has just been released. This compiles on a 2K machine with a minimum of four tape units. The compilation time is approximately one-half hour, which is good for a machine of this size. The language facilities are fairly complete. The object programs are reported to require approximately the sam~ running time as those produced using normal (EASY II) techniques. (6) FORTRAN II (called AUTOMATH 400), a FORTRAN II compiler which has also just been released. It includes a non-FORTRAN statement, OVERLAY, which helps to overcome some of the limitations of systems with small storage (like the H-400). It does a small amount of analysis of the coding and its context before creating the machine language and thereby improves the object time speed of the programs. Subscripts are only allowed to two levels and error control of the running program is not as strong as would be liked. Compilation times are very good, approximately one hundred statements per minute. Object running times are slowed down by the need to simulate the floating point arithmetic. 7/63 Revised 501:021.100 • II STANDARD EDP "fORTS Honeywell 400 Data Structure DnA STRUCTURE § .1 .2 021. STORAGE LOCATIONS DATA FORMATS Type of information Representation 48 bits in a word. 12 Characters, or sign plus 11 chars in a word. 8 Characters in a word. I word. Na me of location Size purpose or use Binary: Decimal or Hexadecimal: Character: Word: Record: 6 bits 48 bits I to 511 words 64 words editing. instructions, data irems. magnetic tape block. disc storage. Alphabetic or Alphameric: Instruction: © 1963 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated Revised 6/63 501:031.200 _STANDARD _EDP .,.. Honeywell 400 System Configuration REPORTS SYSTEM CONFIGURATION § 031 . .2 4-TAPE BUSINESS SYSTEM (CONFIGURATION n) Deviations from Standard System: magnetic tape is 100% faster. can read and write simultaneously on magnetic tape. printer is 80% faster. card reader is 60% faster. card punch is 150% faster. includes indexing and console typewriter. Equipment Core Storage: 1,024 words Processor & Console ) Card Reader 800 cpm 1 Card Punch 250 cpm Optional Equipment Includes:. • . . . . . • . • • •. 550 Printer 900 lpm 1,050 4 Magnetic Tapes 30, 000 cps 1,800 none Total © 1963 I $4,215 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated $7,615 Revised 6/63 501:031.300 § HONEYWELL 400 031 . •3 6-TAPE BUSINESS SYSTEM (CONFIGURATION ill) Deviations from Standard System: no read/compute or write/compute simultaneity. printer is 80% faster. card reader is 60% faster. card punch 'is 150% faster. Equipment Core Storage: 2,048 words $4,865 Processor & Console Card Reader 800 cpm 550 Card Punch 250 cpm Optional Equipment Includes: Printer 900 lpm 1,050 6 Magnetic Tapes 30,000 cps 2,700 1. Multiply-Divide 2. Print Storage Total 6/63 Revised 250 390 $9,805 SYSTEM CONFIGURATION § 501:031.500 031 . .5 AUXILIARY STORAGE SYSTEM (CONFIGURATION V) Deviations from Standard System: no read/compute or write/compute simultaneity. printer is 80% faster. card reader is 60% faster. card punch is 150% faster. auxiliary storage is 25% larger. Equipment Magnetic Disc File: 25 million characters $2,900 Core Storage: 2,048 words Processor & Console ) 4,865 Card Reader 800 cpm I Card Punch 250 cpm Optional Equipment Includes: •••••..•••••• Printer 900 lpm 1,050 6 Magnetic Tapes 30,000 cps 2, 700 1. Multiply-Divide 2. Print Storage 250 390 TOTAL © 1963 550 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated $12,715 Revised 6/63 HONEYWELL 400 501:031.600 § 031 . •6 6-TAPE BUSINESs/scmNTIFIC SYSTEM (CONFIGURATION VI) Deviations from Standard System: no read/compute or write/compute simultaneity. printer is 80% faster. card reader is 60% faster. card punch is 150% faster. core storage is 49% smaller. floating point hardware is not available. Equipment Core Storage: 4,096 words Processor & Console } $6,065 Card Reader 800 cpm 550 Card Punch 250 cpm Optional Equipment Includes: Printer 900 lpm 1,050 6 Magnetic Tapes 30, 000 cps 2,700 1. Multiply-Divide 2. Print Storage TOTAL 6/63 Revised 250 390 $11,005 501:041.100 • STANO'" EDP •• REPOR1S Honeywell 400 Internal Storage Core INTERNAL STORAGE: CORE § 041. .24 .1 GENERAL • 11 Identity: . 12 Basic Use: • 13 Description Magnetic Core Storage. 402. working storage. The standard module of memory is common to all Honeywell 400 systems and contains 1,024 words. One 402-1, -2, or -3 module containing 1,024, 2,048, or 3,072 additional words, respectively, can be added to the system for a total maximum capacity of 4,096 words. Each word contains 48 data bits and two parity bits. Words can be used by instructions: as 48-bit binary words, as sign plus eleven decimal (or hexadecimal) digit words, as twelve decimal (or hexadecimal) digit words, or as eight six-bit character words, or in combinations of these. formats. Each instruction also requires one word. The first 94 words are used for input-output areas, index registers, arithmetic registers, and interrupt jump locations. Most of these areas can be used as normal storage unless they are being reserved for a particular function. . 14 Availability: .• 9 months . .15 First Delivery: December, 1961. .16 Reserved Storage Purpose Index registers: Arith registers: Logic registers: . I/O control: I/O areas: Processing irregularities: .2 .21 PHYSICAL FORM .22 Physical Dimensions Storage Medium: . Number of locations I 11 0 10 55 Locks none. none. none. none. none. 6 none. magnetic core. • 221 Magnetic core type storage Core diameter:. 0.050 inch. Core bore: . . . . . O. 030 inch. Array size:. . . . . 32 bits by 64 bits by 25 bits. • 23 Storage Phenomenon: .241 Data erasable by program: . . . . .242 Data regenerated constantly: . . . .243 Data volatile: • 244 Data permanent: . .245 Storage changeable: direction of magnetization. © 1963 yes . no. no • no. no . .. .28 The H-400 core is arranged in 25-bit groups, 2 of which make up a single computer data word or instruction. The cycle time of the core is 9.25 microseconds per half-word, providing an effective word time of 18.5 microseconds. Recording Permanence Access Techniques coincident current. coincident current. uniform. • 281 Recording method: • . 282 Reading method: .• .283 Type of access: .. .29 Potential Transfer Rates .292 Peak data rates Unit of data: Conversion factor: • Data rate: . ... ... .3 DATA CAPACITY .31 Module and S¥:stem Sizes Minimum Storage Identity: 402-1 or Basic 1,024 Words: CharactelS: 8,192 Instructions: 1,024 12,288 Digits: 1 Modules: word. 48 bits/word. 52,000 words/second. 402-2 402-3 2,048 16,384 2,048 24,576 1 3,072 24,576 3,072 36,864 1 Maximum Storage Basic plus 402-3. 4.096. 32,768. 4,096. 49,052. 4. • 32 Rules for Combining ModUles: . . . . . . . a module containing either 1,024, 2,048, or 3,072 words can be added to the basic 1,024-word store. .4 CONTROLLER:. ·5 ACCESS TIMING ,51 Arrangement of Heads: .52 Simultaneous Operations:. . . . . . none. .53 Access Time Parameters and Variations .531 For uniform access Access time: . . Cycle time:, .• For data unit of: none. single access circuit. 6/Jsec. 9.25 jJ.sec. 0.5 word, .6 CHANGEABLE STORAGE: • . . . • . none. .7 PERFORMANCE • 71 Data Transfer With self: , . . . • . . yes, by Auerbach Corporation and DNA incorporated Revised 6/63 501:041.720 HONEYWELL 400 § 041. .72 .8 Transfer Load Size With self: • . • . . • 73 ERRORS, CHECKS AND ACTION Check or Interlock Action Conflicting commands: Physical record missing: Parily error: Illegal instruction: Invalid address: not possible • not possible. yes yes yes processor stop. processor stop. processor stop. N 48-bit words. Effective Transfer Rate With self: . . . . . . . 46.25 + 37N, where N is the number of 48-bit words. 6/63 Revised Error I AUERBACH / 4n 501:042.100 _STANDARD EDP • REl'ORTS Honeywell 400 H-460 Magnetic Disc File INTERNAL STORAGE: MAGNETIC DISC FILE § 042. .22 .1 GENERAL .11 Identity: Magnetic Disc File. Bryant Series 4000. H-460. . 12 Basic Use: . auxiliary storage. . 13 Description This unit consists of a controller plus one disc cabinet. Three, 6, 12, 18, or 24 data discs can be connected, providing a capacity of from 12.5 to 100 million alphameric characters. There are six zones on each disc face, and each zone has its own read/write head. All the heads move together, so that they are correctly positioned for six physical tracks (or 32 64-word records) on each disc at anyone time. The rotational delay for any of the 32 records averages 34 milliseconds, but the data transfer time varies with the zone. The number of records per track also varies with the :clone, and the table below shows the situation in detail. Zone Number of 64-Word Transfer Time per Records per Disc Record (milliseconds) 1 2 3 4 5 6 3 4 4 6 7 8 18.5 13.3 11.0 9.1 7.8 6.8 Access to the disc is achieved by addressing data records of 512 alphameric or 768 numeric characters arranged into 64 words. Any record can be addressed independently. Slightly less than 1 per cent of the file (that part over which the heads are positioned) is available in under 52.5 milliseconds, assuming average latency for disc rotation and a maximum of 18.5 milliseconds for data transfer. To gain access to another band involves waiting an additional 60 to 130 milliseconds for lateral head movement. Thus, random access, including head position changes, averages 139 milliseconds, allowing 430 records per minute to be obtained or stored randomly. .14 Availability: 9 months. .15 First Delivery: April, 1963. . 16 Reserved Storage: . none. .2 PHYSICAL FORM • 21 Storage Medium: . ... magnetic disc. © 1963 PhYSical Dimensions .222 Disc Diameter: Thickness: Number on shaft: . 39 inches. thin. 4, 7, 13, 19, or 25. .23 Storage Phenomenon: direction of magnetization . ..24 Recording Permanence .241 Data erasable by instructions: . .242 Data regenerated constantly: . . . . 243 Data volatile: . 244 Data permanent: . . 245 Storage changeable: .. .25 yes. no . no . no . no. Data Volume Per Band of 6 Physical Tracks Words: . . . Characters: Digits: . . . Instructions: • Records: . . . 2,048. 16,384. 24,576 (or 22,576 in signed H-400 words). 2,048. 32. .26 Bands Per Physical Unit: 256 per disc (128 on each side). .27 Interleaving Levels: . .28 Access Techniques none. . 281 Recording method:. . moving heads . .283 Type of access Description of stage Possible starting stage Move head to selected band:.. yes. Wait until record is in position: . . . . yes, if a record on the same band of any disc face was previously selected. Transfer of record: no, but previous stage time may be zero. .29 Potential Transfer Rates .291 Peak bit rates Cycling rates: Bits/inch/track: . . Compound bit rate:. .292 Peak data rates Cycling rates: . . . Unit of data: . . . . Conversion factor: . Gain factor: Loss factor: • . . . Data rate:' . . . . . Compound data rate: . by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated 900 rpm. variable. 615,000 bits/sec. 27,500 to 75,000 char/sec. word • 48 bits/word. 1. 1. 3,472 to 9,375 words/sec. 3,472 to 9,375 words/sec. 6/63 501:042.300 § HONEYWELL 400 042. .52 .3 DATA CAPACITY .31 Module Size A: B: C: D: ·. ·. Discs: Words: . Characters: Instructions: . .32 1. 524,288. 4,194,304. 524,288. Rules for Combining Mooules: . ..... .4 CONTROLLER .41 Identity: .42 Connection to System · ... 3, 6, 12, 18, or 24 Data Discs can be mounted on the single shaft of the unit. included in unit. .421 On-line: .. 422 Off-line: . 43 Simultaneous Operations 1. none . reading a record. writing a record. searching for a record. internal computation. Overall System: a+b+c~1. a +b +d~ 1. c +d~ 2. .53 Access Time, Parameters, and Variations .532 Variation in access time, in J.lSec. Stage Variation Example Head positioning: •• 0 or 60, 000 to 95,000. 130,000 Waiting for the disc to be in position: . o to 67,000 32,000. Transfer of record: 6,800 to 18,500 12,200. 139,200. Total: . . . . . . • . 6,800 to 215,500 Connection to System .431 Devices per controller: 1. .432 Restrictions:. • • . none . .. .44 Data Transfer Control . 441 .442 . 445 . 447 • 448 Size of load: . . Input - output area: Synchronization: . Table control: . . Testable conditions: • .5 ACCESS TIMING .51 Arrangement of Heads 1 record =64 words. none. automatic. none. none. CHANGEABLE STORAGE: • • • • • • none. .7 AUXILIARY STORAGE PERFORMANCE · 71 Data Transfer Pair of storage units possible With self:. . • . • . . no. With Main Memory: . yes. With Control Memory: no. .511 Number of stacks Model 0 Model I 72 Stacks per module: 36 72 36 Stacks per yoke: 1 Yokes per module: .512 Stack movement: .• •6 Model 2 Model 3 Model 4 216 288. 144 144 216 288. 1 1. 1 .72 Transfer Load Size: . • 1 record of 64 words. .73 Effective Transfer Rate With Main Memory: • • not yet determined; depends on the timing of the inter-record gap. across 1 zone of 1 disc face (there are 6 zones on the disc face) • . 513 Stacks that can access any particular location: one • . 514 Accessible locations By single stack With no movement: . 1 band = 32 records of 64 words. With all movement: . 128 bands =4, 096 records of 64 words. By all stacks With no movement: . 32N records where N = 6, 12, 24, 36, or 48 depending on Model (1. e., 1/128 of capacity). .515 Relationship between stacks and locations: . none. ..... 6/63 ·8 ERRORS, CHECKS AND ACTION Error Invalid address: Invalid code: Receipt of data: Recording of data: Recovery of data: Timing conflicts: Check or Interlock Action none unpredictable. not possible. read tracking check write tracking check parity check check forced transfer. forced transfer. forced transfer. system de-activated. 501:051.100 _STANDARD II Honeywell 400 Centro I Processor REPORTS ED P CENTRAL PROCESSOR § 051. . 12 .1 GENERAL .11 Identity: .12 Description tions are available which work with a binary card image (four 12-bit columns per 48-bit word), or with 6bit print characters. These can be edited to six-bit alphabetic, four-bit decimal (which can be used computationally), or three-bit octal characters by the editing instructions. Non-valid characters cause a forced transfer. Insertion of specific characters, suppression of leading zeros, and floating of the high order character of a field can be performed automatically. Honeywell 400. Central Processor. 401A. The 401A is the successor to the 401 as the central processor of the H-400 system. A number of 401's are still in the field, and are almost entirely program compatible with 401A (one console type-out location differs). However, it is not practical to change a 401 to a 401A in the field. Simultaneity in operation of the central processor and input-output units is controlled by the method of transfer logic associated with each of the units concerned. Thus, some units (such as the card units) allow overlapped operation of the central processor while the peripheral unit is preparing to make the transfers. This is not possible with the magnetic tape units. The rules for such operations are given in Simultaneous Operations (Section 501: 111). The 401A utilizes three-address instructions and has binary and decimal computational facilities. The instruction repertoire is comprehensive and includes strong editing and Boolean operations. The 3 index registers can be incremented by up to 4, 096 (the maximum store size). Multiply-Divide instructions are optional. Floating point arithmetic must be handled by subroutines. Errors and ends of input-output data transfers can cause separate interrupts to occur. An interrupt causes the processor to take its next instruction from a unique location in storage without changing the sequence counter that normally directs the processor to subsequent instructions. Since the sequence counter and the three index registers are contained in a single storage location, they are generally stored and the specific I/O or diagnostic routine is entered. This is done by one instruction. At the end of this routine, the sequence counter and index registers can be restored. Thus only two instructions are required to store and restore the contents of the program registers and to provide entrance and exit for each appropriate routine (two routines are provided to process data from each input/output channel, one for the normal and one for the abnormal end of operation). Cases involving mUltiple interrupts have been handled in a convenient manner. When multiple interrupts occur, the processor accepts the interrupt from the source with the highest priority which is defined by built-in hardware. One particular instruction operation deserves a special explanation. Its name is "SELECT". It is used to cause other instructions to be executed under its control one at a time as in table look-ups. The select operation is recursive and may execute another select instruction. The sequence counter is only affected by select instructions when they cause a jump. The executed address of a select instruction is formed by a logical combination of one address and two masks. Special input and output areas are fixed for the standard card reader, punch, and printer. Editing instruc- © 1963 Description (Contd. ) The relatively small core storage capacity of a minimum system (1,024 48-bit words) may well restrict attempts to get higher throughput without expanding the system. In such cases the power of the central processor may not be able to be fully utilized. .13 Availability: . . 9 months. • 14 First Delivery: 1962 • .2 PROCESSING FACILITIES .• 21 Operations and Operands Operation and Variation Provision Radix Size .211 Fixed point 10, 2 llD, 48B. Add-Subtract: automatic Multiply none. Short: optional Long: 10 llD. Divide No remainder: none. optional 10 llD. Remainder: .212 Floating point 10 Add - Subtract: subroutine subroutine 10 Multiply: Divide: subroutine 10 .213 Boolean automatic AND: . 48 bits Inclusive OR: automatic bit" bmary 48 bits. Exclusive OR: automatic automatic 48 bits. A·B v B·C: .214 Comparison llD, sign. 2 instructions Numbers: 48 bits. 2 instructions Letters: 48 bits. 2 instructions Mixed: Collating sequence: o to 9 " =: +A to I; . ) % . JtoR#$*" /StoZ@, (CR. by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated ) r' Revised 6/63 501:051.215 § HONEYWELL 400 051. .215 Code translation Provision aiiiOiilatic automatic automatic automatic automatic automatic automatic automatic automatic automatic automatic automatic From l2iiCard col 12B card col 128 card col 128 card col 6B alpha 4B unsigned D 4B signed D 3B octal 6B alpha 4B decimal 3B octal 4B hexadec To Size 6B alpha 4B unsigned D 48 signed D 3B octal 128 card col 12B card col 128 card col 12B card col 'OtOSOC. o to 80D. print image print image print image 4B decimal o to 120C. o to 120C. o to 120C. o to lID. o to 80D. o to 8OC. o to 80D. o to 80D. o to 80D. 1 word. Note: B =binary bits. C • alphameric characters. D = decimal digits. .216 Radix conversion: . . • none. .217 Edit format Alter size: Suppress zero: Round off: Provision Siib'Wiitiiie automatic subroutine Insert point: Insert any: Float hex char: Protection: automatic. automatic. automatic automatic Size 9 leading zeros remainder and LOP • in Std loco 1 word. part of zero suppression part of zero suppression 1 word. 1 word: • LOP is Low Order Product. i. e •• the least significant digits. .218 Table look-up:.. . .• none. • 219 Others Provision Comment Size Move: automatic entire any number of words. memory · 22 Special Cases of Operands · 221 Negative numbers:. . . 4 binary zeros in first digit of a signed decimal word; all other configurations are positive; absolute value and sign. .222 Zero:. . . . . . . ..•• plus and minus zero can occur and are equal in some comparisons. · 223 Operand size determination: though generally one word, in editing a character count is used. · 23 Instruction Formats · 231 Instruction structure: · 232 Instruction layout 1 word. Part OP A B C A B C I I I Size (Bits) 6 2 2 2 12 12 12 • 233 Instruction parts Name OP: AI: BI: • CI: A: . B: • C: . 6/63 Revised Purpose operation code. A address index. B address index. C address index. A address. B address, or parameters. C address. • 234 .Basic address structure: . 3 address. · 235 Literals Arithmetic:. none. Comparisons and tests: . . . . 1. Incrementing modifiers: • 2. .236 Directly address operands · 2361 Internal storage type: core. Minimum Maximum Volume size size accessible 6-bit char entire en~ • 2362 Increased address capacity: . . . . none . • 237 Address indexing one. • 2371 Number of methods: direct. · 2372 Names: . • . . the contents of a specified .2373 Indexing rule: . . . . index register are added modulo memory size to the associated address. .2374 Indexing specification: one of ,three indices (or none) specified by two bits for each address. • 2375 Number of potential indexers: • . . . . . 3. .2376 Addresses which can be indexed Type of address Application Operands: . • . . . counting and modification. .2377 Cumulative indexing:. none. .2378 Combined index'and none. step: • . . . . . . . none. · 238 Indirect addressing: . · 239 Stepping .2391 Specification of in stepping instruction. increment: . . positive. • 2392 Increment sign: • o to 4095. · 2393 Size of increment: specified in register. · 2394 End value: . . • . • 2395 Combined step and yes. test: • . • . . . . • 24 Special Processor Storage .241 Category of Number of Size in storage locations bits Program usage 12 modification. 3 Index: 1 12 program counter. Sequence: .242 Category of Total Access Cycle storage time, time, number Physical locations form J.Lsec J.Lsec Index & sequence 6 register: 1 core 9.25 location .3 SEQUENCE CONTROL FEATURES .31 Instruction Sequencing • 311 Number of sequence control facilities: • 312 Arrangement: . . .313 Precedence rule: .. ,314 Special sub-sequence counters: . . . . . . · 315 Sequence control step size: . . • . . • . • one. sequence register. interrupts take precedence but do not affect the sequence counter. none. instructions, 1. e. , words. 501:051.316 CENTRAL PROCESSOR § 051. .42 . 316 Accessibility to program: ••. • 317 Permanent or optional modifier: .32 Look-Ahead:. .33 Interruption addressable. optional. none. • 331 Possible causes In-out units: In-out controllers: • Processor errors: end of operation. end of tape. faulty transfer. overflow. editing illegal char. .332 Program control Individual control: priority of tape file interrupts. by instruction. Method: • . . • . . .334 Interruption conditions: always when cause initiated. • 335 Interruption process Disabling interruption: none. all (by convention). Registers saved: • fixed locations, dependent Destination: on type of interruption. .366 Control methods location arrived at. Determine cause: Enable interruption: • yes. .. • 34 Multi-running: . . yes; see Introduction (501:011). .35 MUlti-sequencing: . . none. .4 PROCESSOR SPEEDS .41 Instruction Times in /.Lsec .421 For random addresses Fixed Point Ill. c = a +b: . Ill. b = a +b: • 1UN. Sum N items: • c =ab: 1,260 + 55D. t c = alb:. 1,710 + 72D. t Fixed Point .422 For arrays of data 305. ci = ai + br· 305 • bj = ai +bj:. 2ION. Sum N items: • 1,930. :t: c = c +aibj: .423 Branch based on comparison 203. Numeric data: 203. Alphabetic data: .424 Switching 157. Unchecked: • 399. Checked: 92 + I38N. List search: .425 Format control per character 12. Unpack: • 15. Compose: . .426 Table look up per comparison 203N. For a match: • For least or greatest: 250N. For interpolation 203N. point: .427 Bit indicators Set bit in separate 83 . location: Ill. Set bit in pattern: Test bit in separate Ill. location: 222. Test bit in pattern: • Test AND for B bits: . 222 . Test OR for B bits: • .222. 46 + 37N, for N -word . 428 Moving data: . transfer. Decimal (8 digit operands) • 411 Fixed point Add-subtract: Multiply: . Divide: Processor Performance in !-Lsec t = Using optional Multiply-Divide hardware . Ill. 1,258 + 55. 5Z. 1,720 + 74Q. i t Z = no. of non-zero digits. Q = sum of quotient digits. • 412 Floating point: • • 413 Additional allowance for Indexing: • Indirect addressing: Re - complementing: .414 Control Branch: . Compare & branch: .415 Counter control Step and test: • .416 Edit: • .417 Convert: • 418 Shift: • .. none • .5 9. 25 per operand . not available. 64.75 46. Ill. 64 to 101. 74 + 12.5D. none. 65 + 9. 25B. B = Bits or Decimal Digits. t = Using optional Multiply-Divide hardware. © 1963 ERRORS, CHECKS AND ACTION Error Check or Interlock overflow: Underflow: Zero divisor: Invalid data: Invalid operation: Arithmetic error: Invalid address: Receipt of data: Dispatch of data: interrupt not possible. interrupt interrupt check none. check interrupt interrupt Action jump to std location •• jump to std location •• jump to std location •• machine halt. adjusted modulo memory size. jum p to std location •• jump to std location •• • Sequence counter not changed. by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated Revised 6/63 501:071.100 • II STANDARD EDP Honeywell 400 Input·Output Punched Paper Tape Reader REPDRTS INPUT·OUTPUT: PUNCHED TAPE READER § 071. .23 Multiple Copies:. . . . . none. .24 Arrangement of Heads .1 GENERAL .11 Identity: . 12 Description .13 The 409 Punched Paper Tape Reader and Control can .25 read strips of paper tape at 500 frames per second, or reels at 1,000 frames per second. Peak speed is only attained after 15 frames have been read without interruptions. During the reading tim e, the processor is effectively restricted to the read tape instruc .3 tion. Each data frame is right- justified in twelve-bit sections of 48-bit words and transferred to storage. .31 The reader can handle codes of up to eight bits. The data read is dependent upon standard subroutines .311 to accomplish conversion to Honeywell 400 codes, but . 312 these are fast and simple. The amount of data read is instruction-controlled and can vary from 1 to 256 .32 frames. The effective speed varies from 71 to 492 . 321 frames per second in the medium-speed mode and from 142 to 984 frames per second in the high- speed . 322 mode. .323 . 324 The reader can read tape either from spools or in strips. It uses swing arms for tension, and spool motor drive control. The read mechanism is photoelectric and the tape is driven by a pinch roller. An automatic rewinding feature is incorporated in the unit. 6 months. Availability: . .325 . 14 First Delivery: .2 PHYSICAL FORM . 21 Drive Mechanism .211 Drive past the head: . .212 Reservoirs Number: . Form: . . Capacity: . . 213 Feed drive: . 214 Take-up drive: Use of station:. Stacks: Heads/stack: Method of use:. · Punched Paper Tape Reader and Control 409. Burroughs Corp. Unit B 141. Range of Symbols Numerals:.. . . any 5- to 8-bit code. EXTERNAL STORAGE Form of Storage Medium: . . . Phenomenon: · paper tape. · punched holes . Positional Arrangement Serial by: · by row, la/inch . Parallel by: Bands: Track use Data: Redundancy check:. Timing: Control signals: Unused: Total Row use Data: Gap: · 5 to 8 tracks • · none . .33 Coding: · one character per row, using 5 to 8 bits; any 5-, 6-, 7- or 8-bit code . .34 Format Compatibility · July, 1962 . · 5 to 8 tracks. · any track except sprocket. · track 4 (sprocket track). · none. · none. · 5 to 8 plus sprocket track. · all rows. · none. · pinch roller friction. .2. · swinging arms. .3 feet . · servo motor . · servo motor. Other device or system Code translation . . . translation provided by H 401: routine. .35 .22 · read. .1. · 8 plus sprocket. · frame at a time . Physical Dimensions Sensing and Recording Systems .221 Recording system:. . 222 Sensing system: . 223 Common system; · none. · photoelectric. · none. © 1963 . 351 Overall width: . . 352 Length: by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated .11/16; 7/8; 1 inch . .8 to 700 ft. by 0.1 inch . 4-foot leader . 4-foot trailer . Revised 6/63 501: 071. 400 § HQNEYWELL 400 .56 071. .4 CONTROLLER . 41 Identity: . . . . .42 Connection to System . 421 On-line: . .422 Off-line:. . 43 Testable Conditions Disabled: . . . Busy device: . Output lock: . Nearly exhausted: . Busy controller: End of medium marks: · controller contained in reader. · up to 5 . · none. ConnectlOn to Device .6 PERFORMANCE .61 Conditions I: .431 Devices per controller: . 1. .432 Restrictions: . . . . . . . none. . 44 . 441 Size of load: . .442 Input-output areas: .443 Input-output area access: . .444 Input-output area lockout:. .445 Table control: . . 446 Synchronization: . .447 Synchronizing aids: .62 · 1 to 256 frames. · core storage. · none. · none. · program. · test busy. PROGRAM FACILITIES AVAILABLE .51 Blocks •511 Size of block: . 512 Block demarcation Input: . . . . . . .52 Input-Output Operations .521 .522 .523 .524 Input: Output: Stepping:. Skipping:. N = number of frames per read instruction (256 max) . .1 to 256 frames . · count in instruction. . 63 .525 Marking:. .526 Searching:. . 53 · by program . .54 Reading 2 or more frames at a time: Processor: · plugboard. .81. · rearrangement of tracks. Request interrupt: . Select format: . Select code: Rewind: Unload: .. 10. 5. n 1 2 or or 100. 100. Adjustments Adjustment Method Comments Width: movable tape guides detents. Other Controls Form Parity checH switch Feed conuol: SWitch · disable up to 3 tracks (manual). · yes. · none. · none. · yes. · yes. Backspace: Rewind: Unload: & 6/63 Revised or or EXTERNAL FACILITIES Function A-U-ER-BA-CH-.,--I~ r-I 0.1 0.1 .71 .72 msec per frame or Percentage n .7 Control Operations Disable: . . . . . . Condition Reading 1 frame at a time: Processor: Format Control Control: . . . . Format alternatives: Rearrangement: . . .55 Demands on System Component · 1 to 256 frames. · none. · none. · unload forward or rewind till end of tape is reached. · none. · none. Code Translation: Speeds 621 Nominal or peak speed: I 1,000 frames/sec . II 500 frames/sec. >22 Important parameters Full speed:. . . · 1, 000 frames/ sec. Medium speed:. · 500 frames/sec. Start time: . .5 m.sec. Stop time: . . . .1 m.sec. . 623 Overhead: . . . . · start/ stop time. .624 Effective speeds: · I 1,000 N/(N + 6) frames/ sec. II 500 N/(N + 6) frames/ sec. · none. .5 · full speed I, 000 frames/ sec. · medium speed 500 frames/ sec . II: Data Transfer Control · no. · not necessary. · no. · no. · no. · metallic foil at each end of tape. lever button button Comment allows checking odd/even or no parity. allows tape to be fed from reel clockwise (Reel Normal) or counterclockwise (Reel Reverse) or strips (Strip). moves tape backward one frame. move to end of tape. wind forward to end of tape. 501 :071.730 INPUT-OUTPUT: PUNCHED TAPE READER § 071. .73 .8 Error Loading and Unloading .731 Volumes handled Storage Reel: . . . . . . 732 Replenishment time: .733 Adjustment time~ . . 734 Optimum reloading period: . . . . . . ERRORS, CHECKS AND ACTION Capacity .700 feet 1 to 2 mins . reader needs to be stopped. .5 to 10 mins. Check or Interlock Recording: Reading: none. parity check Input area overflow: Invalid code: Exhausted medium: none. none. tape tension and metallic. foil sprocket check none • Imperfect medium: Timing conflicts: Action stoppage and signal to control stoppage, alarm. stoppage, alarm • . 1.4 mins. © 1963 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated Revised 6/63 501 :072.1 00 IISTAND"D II EDP Honeywell 400 Input-Output Paper Tape Punch REroRTS INPUT-OUTPUT: 410 PUNCHED PAPER TAPE PUNCH AND CONTROL § 072. .25 .1 GENERAL .11 Identity: . . . . • . . • . Punched Paper Tape Punch and Control 410. Teletype BRPE Punch. . 12 Range of Symbols Letters: Special: Total: . Description: .3 EXTERNAL STORAGE The 410-1 isa combination Punched Paper Tape Punch and Control Unit designed to prepare five-channel punched paper tape, ten frames to the inch, at 110 characters per second. The 410- 2 is the same, except that it punches six-, seven -, or eight-channel tape. The image to be punched is packed 4 characters to a 48-bit word. The last character to be punched requires about 4.5 milliseconds of processor time and all other characters occupy the processor full time; i. e., nine .milliseconds. For this reason, the programming practice may be to punch one character at a time even though up to 256 characters can be punched by one instruction. .31 Form of Storage .311 Medium:. . . . • . . paper tape. .312 Phenomenon: . . . • • . . punch holes. .32 Positional Arrangement .321 Serial by: . .322 Parallel by: . 13 .323 Bands: . . • . 324 Tiack use Data: . . . . . . . . Redundancy check: . Timing: . . • . • Although (unlike the card code conversion) no special Control signals: edit instructions are available for paper tape, a very Unused: . simple and fast subroutine is available for accomplishTotal: . • . . . • ing character (or digit) to punch code convennon. This technique permits the use of any size (up to .325 Row use eight-bit) or confIguration of code patterns. Data: Gap: . Availability: . .6 months. . 14 First Delivery: . .2 PHYSICAL FORM .21 Drive Mechanism . 211 Drive past the head: . .212 Reservoirs: Number: . Form: Capacity:. . 213 Feed drive: . 214 Take-up drive: .22 .410-1; any five-bit code. .410-2; any 6-, 7-, or 8-bit code • . 410-1; 25 symbols. 410-2; 28 symbols. • August, 1962. .33 Coding: • . • . . • . . . 410-1; any 5-bit code. 410-2; any 6-, 7-, or 8-bit code. . 34 Format Compatibility Other device or system Code translation Any compatible punched tape reader: . • . . . • programmed. .2. · swinging arm. .3 feet . · servo motor • · servo motor. .35 • 221 Recording system: . 222 Sensing system: • 223 Common system: · die punch. · none. · none . • 23 Multiple Copies:. • none. .24 Arrangement of Heads Method of use: . all rows. none • · sprocket drive pull. Sensing and Recording Systems Use of station:. Stacks: . . . . • Heads/stack: · 10 rows /inch. .410-1; 5 tracks. 410-2; 8 tracks. · none . 410-1 410-2 -5S-none none. 1 1. none none. none none. 5 plus 8 plus sprocket. sprocket Physical Dimensions .351 Overall width: . .352 Length: . . . • .4 CONTROLLER .41 Identity:.... .42 Connection to System · 410-1; 11/16" . 410-2; 7/8" or 1" . · 6 to 1, 000 feet . 410-2 410-1 · punch'. .1. .5 plus sprocket • frame at a time © 1963 punch. 1. 8 plus sprocket. frame at a time. .421 On-line: • .422 Off-line:. by Auerbach Corporolion and BNA Incorporaled • . H 410. .1. · none. Revised 6/63 HONEYWELL 400 501:072.430 § 072. .43 Connection to Device .431 Devices per Controller: . . 432 Restrictions: .44 .2. · none. Data Transfer Control . 441 Size of Load:. . . . .442 Input-output areas: • 443 Input-output area access: . . . . . .444 Input-output area lockout: . .445 Table control: . . . 446 Synchronization: . . 447 Synchronizing aids: . . · 1 to 256 frames. · core storage • · none . · none. · program. · test busy • PROGRAM FACILITIES AVAILABLE .51 Blocks Speeds . 621 Nominal or peak speed: .622 Important parameters punch a frame:. .623 Overhead: . . . . .. 624 Effective speeds: • 63 · counter in instruction. .521 . 522 . 523 . 524 . 525 . 526 Input: Output: Stepping:. Skipping:. Marking:. Searching: . · none. · 1 to 256 frames • · 1 frame forward . .no~ . · none. · none. .53 Code Translation: . • by program. . 54 Format Control: . · none. . 55 Control Operations: . . none. .56 Testable Conditions . 110 frames/sec . · 9.09 m. sec . . none . · 110 frames/sec. Demands on System m.sec Component Condition per frame Percentage Processor: Processor: p~ch 4.5 50. 100 • 1 frame punch additional frames .7 EXTERNAL FACILITIES · 71 AdjJlstrnents 9.1 Adjust guide · 8-bit frame. Input-Output Operations 6/63 Revised .62 · 72 .52 Disabled: . . Busy device: . Output lock: . Nearly exhausted: . Busy controller: . . End of medium marks: PERFORMANCE · none. .5 .511 Size of block: .512 Block demarcation Output: . .6 .73 Other Controls Function Form Comment Rewind: switch tape must be removed from punch head. Loading and Unloading .731 Volumes handled · no. · not necessary. · no. .20 feet. · not necessary. · no. Storage Capacity Reel: • • 1,000 ft. .732 Replenishment time: . 734 Optimum reloading period: . . . . . . .8 2 to 5 minutes . punch needs to be stopped . . 18 min. ERRORS, CHECKS AND ACTION Error Check or Interlock Recording: Reading: Input area overflow: Output block size: Invalid code: Exhausted medium: Imperfect medium: Timing conflicts: none. not possible. not possible. implicit. not possible. check none. not possible. Action special branching. 501:073.100 • STANDARD EDP • Honeywell 400 Input-Output Card Reader 423-2 REPORrs INPUT-OUTPUT: CARD READER 423-2 § 073. · 24 ·1 GENERAL .11 Identity: .12 Description Honeywell 400. Card Reader. 423-2. The 423- 2 Card Reader is a modified IBM 088 Collator which reads cards at 650 cards per minute. Features of the IBM 088 that have been retained when operating as the 423- 2 are blank-column checks, hole-count checks, and character rearrangement and insertion via the plugboard. When the unit is not online, it retains all of the features of the IBM 088 and can be used as a Collator. Only one of these units can be connected to the system at one time. When the 423-2 is reading cards, a binary image of each card column is stored in a twelve-bit section of a 48-bit word. A fixed area of twenty words is used to store this image in card column sequence. The image is a one or zero picture of the punches from row nine to row twelve in the high to low order, respectively, of the twelve-bit section. The processor is occupied for 54 milliseconds of the 92.3 millisecond read cycle. While the processor is thus occupied, no other operations can take place. The remainder of the cycle is broken down into the 33-millisecond acceleration period and the 6-millisecond deceleration period. Central Processor use of the acceleration period is possible, although restricted. Unrestricted use can be made of the deceleration period. Certain system considerations arising from this are discussed in the Simultaneous Operations section, 501:111. Editing instructions are available for editing a card image, or any part thereof, into a six-bit alphameric code, a four-bit numeric code, or an eight-bit octal code. Arrangement of Heads Use of station: . Stacks: . . . . . Heads/stack:. . Method of use: . hole check. Use of station: . Distance: . . . Stacks: . . . . . Heads/stack: . . Method of use: . read. 20 card rows. ·3 EXTERNAL STORAGE · 31 Form of Storage · 311 Medium: . . .312 Phenomenon: . · 32 row, 12. column 80. · 33 Coding: . input data is stored in the system in a column binary representation; i. e., 12 bits per column, punch = 1, no punch = O. (Hollerith codes or direct transcription). .34 Format Compatibility Other device or system Code translation 80-column card compatibility: . .35 Physical Dimensions: .4 CONTROLLER . 41 Identity:.... · 42 Connection to System · 14 First Delivery: .2 PHYSICAL FORM .421 On-line: . . . .422 Off-line use: . · 21 Drive Mechanism .43 none necessary. standard 80-column card. built into processor . 1961. pinch roller. none. Sensing and Recording Systems . 221 Recording system:. .222 Sensing system: . none. brush. · 23 none. Multiple Copies: . punch card. rectangular holes. . 321 Serial by: • 322 Parallel by: Availability:...... no longer available (replaced by H-427). · 22 1. 80. row at a time. Positional Arrangement ,13 · 211 Drive past the head: . .212 Reservoirs: . . . . . 1. 80. row at a time. Connection to Device _431 Devices per controller: 1. .432 Restrictions:. . . . . . only one input device is permitted per run. · 44 Data Transfer Control .441 Size of load: . . . .442 Input-output areas: © 1963 1. Collator (IBM 088). by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated 1 card . fixed core locations are the input storage area for the "a.rd reader. Revised 6/63 501:073.443 § HONEYWELL 400 073. .62 • 443 Input-output area access: • . . . . • 444 Input-output area lockout: • . • • . .445 Table control: .• ,.446 Synchronization:. word. none; although card reading occupies the computer completely during the actual reading, there is no lockout. none. automatic. .5 PROGRAM FACILITIES AVAILABLE .51 Blocks .511 Size of block: .512 Block demarcation Input: • 1 card. Input-Output Operations .521 • 522 .523 . 524 .525 .526 Input: . Output: • Stepping: • Skipping: . Marking: . Searching: 1 card at a time. none. none . none. none. none. .53 Code Translation: edit instructions provide for Hollerith, octal or decimal conversion. plugboard. none. plugboard. none. no. no. no. yes. no. instruction. no. Testable Conditions Disabled:. . . • . Busy device: . • . Nearly exhausted: Busy controller: . End of medium marks: Component Condition PERFORMANCE • 61 Conditions:....... none. msec per card Processor: controlling reading .7 EXTERNAL FACILITIES .7l Adjustments 52.3 Method 51-column hardware: insert . .. .72 Other Controls: .73 Loading and Unloading Percentage or 56.7. Comment on primary feed only. see IBM 088 manual. .731 Volumes handled Storage Hoppers: Capacity 3,600 primary; 1,200 secondary. Stackers (5): 1,000 each. .732 Replenishment time: • 0.5 to 1. 0 mins. .733 Adjustment time: 0.5 to 1. 0 mins. .734 Optimum reloading period: • . . . . . 5.5 mins . .. .8 no. not necessary. no. not necessary. no. .6 6/63 Revised Demands on System Adjustment Control Operations Disable: Request interrupt: . Offset card: Select stacker:. Select format: Select code: Unload: . • 56 · 63 Format Control Control: Format alternatives: Rearrangement: Suppress zeros: .55 .621 Nominal or peak speed: 650 cards per minute • · 622 Important parameters Cycle time:. . . . • . 92. 3 msec • Acceleration time: . . 33. 0 msec. Data Transfer time: • 52.3 msec. Terminal time (during which next read order must be given to maintain 650 card per minute reading): 6.0 msec. · 623 Overhead: . . • • 1 clutch point. • 624 Effective speeds:. 650-C cards per minute • C =number of clutch points missed per minute. 1 card. • 52 .54 Speeds ERRORS, CHECKS AND ACTION Error Check or InterIocK Reading: Input area overflow: Invalid code: Exhausted medium: Imperfect medium: Timing conflicts: hole-count check not possible. not possible. check check not possible. Action program jump. alarm. alarm • 501:074.100 _STANDARD EDP _ Honeywell 400 "PORIS Input-Output Card Punch INPUT-OUTPUT: CARD PUNCH § 074. .24 .1 GENERAL . 11 Identity: . . 12 424-1 Honeywell 400. Card Punch. 424-1. 424-2. Description: This unit is no longer produced, but is still in use in the field. The 424-1 or 424-2 Card Punch is a modified IBM 519 Reproducing Punch or IBM 544 Gang Punch. The units punch at 100 and 250 cards per minute, respectively. Most of the normal plugboard features are retained when the units are operating on -line. Off-line, they assume their normal characteristics. Only one of these units at a time can be connected to the system. Both units punch cards from a twelve-bit binary image of each column. The punch image is stored in a fixed 20-word area in core storage and is represented by a one or zero picture of the punches from row nine to row twelve in the high- to loworder positions, respectively, of the twelve-bit image. The images are stored sequentially by column. The processor is occupied for 500 or 177 milliseconds during the 600 -millisecond cycle of the 424-1 or 240-millisecond cycle of the 424-2. While the processor is thus occupied, no other operations may take place. • 13 Availability: . • no longer available. .14 First Delivery: • 1961. .2 PHYSICAL FORM .21 Drive Mechanism . 211 Drive past the head: . .212 Reservoirs: . .22 · die punch. · brush. · none. .23 Multiple Copies: · none. .24 Arrangement of Heads Use of station:. Distance:. Stacks:. Heads/stack: 1 row at a time. Use of station: Stacks: Heads/stack: Method of use: punch 1 80 1 row at a time .3 EXTERNAL STORAGE .31 Form of Storage .311 Medium: • • • • . 312 Phenomenon: • • • 32 rows, 12 • column, 80 • .33 Coding: system uses a column binary image generated by edit instruction; 1 = punch, and 0 = no punch (Hollerith code or direct transcription) • .34 Format Compatibility Code translation • 35 Physical Dimensions: .4 CONTROLLER . 41 Identity: Connection to System none necessary. standard 80- column card • • • • • built into processor • 424-2 .42 · *read none, .421 On-line: . • • . . . . • . one only. .1. • 80. © 1963 .43 none. 80. 1 row at a time. stations. punch card. rectangular holes • 424-1 • *read verify • 14 card rows. 1. • 321 Serial by: . 322 Parallel by: Any 80 column card equipment: • .80. • 1 row at a time. gang punch. 14 card rows. Positional Arrangement Other device or system .1. punch. 1. 80 • 1 row at a time. read verify 14 card rows 1 80 1rowata time * Cards being punched do not pass these • pinch roller. • none. . 221 Recording system:. . 222 Sensing system: . .223 Common system: 424-2 Method of use: Use of station: Distance: Stacks: Heads/stack: • Method of use: Sensing and Recording Systems Use of station:. Stacks: Heads/stack: Method of use:. Arrangement of Heads (Contd.) Connection to Device .431 Devices per controller: . one. .432 Restrictions: . • • . . • only one punch may be connected to a controller during anyone run . by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated Revised 6/63 HONEYW~LL 501:074.440 § 074. .44 .62 Data Transfer Control . 441 Size of load:. . . . .442 Input-output areas: .443 Input-output area access: . . . . . . 444 Input-output area lockout: . . . . .445 Table control: . . . 446 Synchronization: · one card. · core locations 0112 - 0135 (octal). . word. · implicit, as the processor is completely involved in the punching operation. · none . · automatic. •5 PROGRAM F ACIl.JTIES AVAILABLE . 51 Blocks .511 Size of block: . 512 Block demarcation Output: . .52 .1 card . · none . .1 card . · none. · none . · none. · none. . 53 Code Translation: . · edit instructions. . 54 Format Control Control: . Format alternatives: Rearrangement: . Suppress zeros: . Insert point: . Insert spaces: . Section sizes: . .55 · plugboard. . none. · plugboard. · none. · .plugboard. · plugboard. · plugboard. .no. .no. · yes (424-2 only). · no. · no. · no. Testable Conditions Disabled: . . Busy device: . Output lock: . Nearly exhausted: . Busy controller:. . End of medium marks: .6 PERFORMANCE . 61 Conditions I:. II: 6/63 Revised · no. · not necessary. .no. · no. · not necessary. · no. · type 424-1. · type 424-2. Demands on System Component Condition m. sec per card Percentage I Processor: punching card punching card 500 177 83.3 73.7. II Processor: .7 EXTERNAL FACILITIES .71 Adjustments Adjustment 424-1: 424-2: . . • 72 Comment · see IBM 519 Manual. · see IBM 544 Manual . Other Controls Comment · see IBM 519 Manual. · see IBM 544 Manual. Function 424-1: 424-2: . · 73 Control Operations Disable: . Request interrupt:. Offset card: . Select stacker: Select format: . Select code: . . 56 .63 Input-Output Operations Input: Output:. Stepping:. Skipping:. Marking:. Searching: . U I .621 Nominal or peak speed: . 100 cards 250 cards per min per min . .622 Important parameters Cycle time: . . . . . . 600 m. sec 240 m.sec. Acceleration time: . . . 91 m.sec 55 m.sec. Punching time:. . . . . 500 m. sec 177 m.sec. Terminal time (during which the next punch OI~e:r must be given to maintain maximum punching speed): . 7 m.sec 7 m.sec. . one clutch point. .623 Overhead: . . . . . 624 Effective speeds: . . . I: 100-C cards per min . U: 250-C cards per min . C =number of clutch points missed per minute . · fixed. .521 . 522 . 523 .524 . 525 .526 Speeds 400 Loading and Unloading .731 Volumes handled Storage Capacity. cards I U Hopper:. 800 1,200 Stacker: .1,000 1,900 .732 Replenishment time: .. . 0.5 to 1.0 mins. no need to be stopped. · 733 Adjustment time: . .0.5 to 1.0 mins . .734 Optimum reloading period: . . . . • . .1: 8mins. II: 4 mins. .8 ERRORS, CHECKS AND ACTION Error Check or Interlock Action Recording: Output block size: Invalid code: Exhausted medium: Timing conflicts: check fixed. not possible. check not possible. program jump• program jump. 501:081.100 IISIAND"D II EDP R[NRIS Honeywell 400 Input-Output Printer INPUT-OUTPUT: PRINTER (422-3 AND 422-4) § 081. .1 GENERAL • 11 Identity: • .12 Honeywell 400 • Printer. 422-3. 422-4. .232 Types of master Multilith: Xerox: Spirit: .24 Description: The 422-3 and 422-4 are essentially identical units except that the 422-3 can print in any 120 out of 160 print positions and is plugboard-wired, whereas the 422-4 has a fixed 120 positions. They are manufactured by Honeywell, but are quite similar to the equivalent Anelex units. The printers can print at up to 900 lines per minute, single spaced. At double and one-inch spacing, the speed drops to 800 and 560 lines per minute respectively. These speeds are due to unc1utched operation which permits printing to begin as soon as requested, provided that the unit has completed the previous operation. Printing with a restricted range of symbols may increase the speed up to 1, 200 lines per minute. Paper tape loop control provides automaticor semi-automatic paper spacing. .. 25 First Delivery: .2 PHYSICAL FORM .21 Drive Mechanism .211 Drive past the head: . . 212 Reservoirs: . . 22 Use of station: Stacks: Heads/stack: • print 1 160 (120used ata time line at a time print. 1. 120. • . 10 . 26 . 20 o - 9. A - Z. '=&+;.)%-#$" / @ , (* CR : D· yes. yes. yes. Also, 6 special drums are available with different special symbols. Model 1 uses the same special characters as the mM 407 keypunch, but with the following added: I =+ ) ( " Model 2 uses the mM 12F "Selfcheck" font, suitable for use with the optical scanner. Model 3 and 4 include the pound sterling symbol ( ~ ) as well as the dollar sign ( $ ). Model 5 replaces various commercial symbols with lower case t and 0 and the following Greek letters: l\E:CJl-e-).. Model 6 adds second versions of the following: 9 months. / and adds: ¢ and t The follOWing are omitted: December, 1961. " + ; ) ( · sprocket drive push & pull tractors . · none. .3 EXTERNAL STORAGE .31 Form of Storage .311 Medium: . . . .312 Phenomenon: .32 Multiple Copies:. . line at a time. Range of Symbols Sensing and Recording Systems .22.1 Recording system: .23 Type 422-4 ALGOL set: FORTRAN set: Basic COBOL set: Total: . • . . 56. A 6 or 8 line per inch vertical spacing option is also available. .14 Type 422-3 Numerals: . Letters: . Special·:. . A print storage option is available which eliminates about 98% of the processor time that is required when the buffer is not used. Without the buffer, the processor is inhibited for 53 milliseconds aiter a print instruction is initiated, after which computing may resume. Availability: Arrangement of Heads Method of use: Options .13 yes • yes. yes. · on the fly hammer stroke against engraved drum. . . . . paper. . . . . printing . Positional Arrangement .321 Serial by: . . 322 Parallel by: . line, 6 or 8 per inch. .120 char, 10 per inch . . 33 Coding: . . . 6 bits per char . . 34 Format Compatibility:. . none . · yes. . 231 Maximum number Interleaved carbon: . . 10 (8-pound paper).6 PCI Punch Card, Interlocked Punche s the contents of the card punch area onto one card. Central processor interlocked until completion of data transfer. 55. 5 + unit mech. time (7) PCO Punch Edit, Octal Is the same as PCA, except that data is edited from octal format into punch area. 74+13.87n PCU Punch Edit, Unsigned Decimal Is the same as PCA, except that data is edited from decimal format into card punch area. 74+13.87n PCW Punch Card, Without Interlock Punche s the contents of the card punch area onto one card. Central processor not interlocked and central processor operations are possible during acceleration interval. 55.5 + unit mech. time(7) PDE Prepare Decimal Edit Inserts special characters, suppresses leading zeros, floats high characters in (A) according to parameters at B. Stores result in (C). 83. Z5+18. 5n(8) PRS Print and Space Prints the contents of the print area on the high-speed printer, and spaces the form as specified by B. RCI Read Card, Interlocked Reads the contents of one card into the card read area. Central processor is interlocked until the completion of data transfer. 55.5 + unit mech. time(7) RCW Read Card, Without Interlock Reads the contents of one card into the card read area. Central processor not interlocke~ and so central processor operations are possible during the acceleration interval. 55.5 + Unit mech. time (7) 6/63 Revised Ir-----:-~ AUERBACH / @I] Without Storage Opti~n 55. 5+unit mech. time 2) With Storage Option 1193.l5 INSTRUCTION LIST 501:121.105 INSTRUCTION LIST (Contd.) § 121. Mnemonic Operation Code Instruction Description RDP Read Periplleral Read and transfer n frames of data from the device on the input trunk specified in B to memory location A. RDT Read Tape Reads one record from the specified magnetic tape and stores in consecutive locations beginning with A. If tape channel is also specified, it regenerates that channel simultaneously. REJ Reject Card Rejects the card currently in the card feed into one of two pockets as specified in B. 92.5 + unit mech. time(7) RPX Restore Subsequence Priority Set the index registers and sequence register to the values specified in (A) (see SPX). Alter or do not alter the contents of the subsequence control register, as specified. Execution time not available. RTX Restore Index Register Stores the high- order three 12bit groups of (A) in the index registers 1, 2, 3, respectively; stores low-order 12 bits of (C) in the sequence register. 83.25 RWT Rewind Tape Rewinds the specified magnetic tape to its physical beginning. 92. 5 + unit mech. time(7) SCH Sequence Change Changes sequence register setting to the address specified by C. 46.25 SCO Sequence Change on Option Changes sequence register setting to address specified by A if setting of the console breakpoint switche sand (B) coincide. Otherwise set sequence register to the address specified by C. 74 SEL Select Modifies C using (A) and (B); then makes a programmed subsequence to the modified address. 120.25 SET Set Index Register Adds A to index register speci. 74 fied in Ai and stores result in index register 1; adds B to index register specified in Bi and stores result in index register. 2; adds C to © 1963 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated Basic Time in Microseconds 74 + 18. 5n + unit mechanical time (7) -(2) Revised 6/63 HONEYWELL 400 501:121.106, INSTRUCTION LIST (Contd.) § 121. Mnemonic Operation Code Instruction Description Basic Time in Microseconds index register specified in Ci and stores result in index register 3. SLB Binary Shift Left Shifts (A) to the left the specified number of bits; the move is cyclic, 50 that bits shifted off the left end enter the word at the right. 64.75+9. Z5n(9) SLP Decimal Shift Left, Preserving Sign Shifts (A) to the left n decimal digits, preserving the sign digits. Digits shifted off the left end are lost and replaced by zeros at the right end." 64.75t9.Z5n SMP Superimpose Places a 0 bit in all positions of (C) where both (A) and (B) contain 0 bits; places 1 bits in all other positions of (C). III SPX Store Subsequence Priority Store the contents of the three index registers and the sequence register at A. Alter or do not alter the contents of the subsequence control register, as specified. 1£ the subsequence call was caused by an error, jump to C minus one; otherwise, jump to C. Execution time not available. SRP Decimal Shift Right, Preserving Sign. Same as SLP, except that (A) are shifted to the right. 64.75+9.Z5n SST Substitute Places (A) in (C) in all positions where (B) contains a 1 bit; leaves remaining bit positions in (C) unchanged. 111 STX Store Index Register Stores the contents of the three index registers and the sequence register in A. Sets sequence register to C. 83.Z5 SUB Decimal Subtract Subtracts (B) from (A); treats operands as signed 11 decimal digits; stores result in C. 111+64.75T{l) SUP Stall During the acceleration interval of the card reader and readerpunch, Stalls until end of data transfer, or ( 6/63 Revised INSTRUCTION LIST 501:121.107 INSTRUCTION LIST (Contd.) § 121. Mnemonic Operation Code Instruction Basic Time in Microseconds Desc.ription this instruction stalls the central processor; outside this interval. it has the effect of NOP. 70 microseconds TAC Type.,Alphanumeric, Console Prints (A) on the consol~ printer in alphanumeric form. lOO-200ms per character TDC Type Decimal. Console Prints (A) on the console printer in decimal form. 1 00-200ms per character TOC Type Octal. ·Console Prints (A) on the console printer in octal form. 1 00-200ms per character TSC Transfer and Sequence Change Transfers (A) to location B; sequence changes to location C. 83.25 TSN Transfer n Words Transfers n words from consecutive memory locations. beginning with word at A. to consecutive memory locations beginning with C. 46. 25+37n WRP Write Peripheral Directs the device on the output trunk specified in B to write n frames of data transferred from memory location A. 74 + 18. 5n + unit mechanical time (7) WRT Write Tape Writes one record of the specified number of consecutive words from memory. beginning with A, onto tape. _(2) NOTES 1. T. a variable factor. is derived from the following table: Signs of Operands T A B IAI>JBI + + + 0 - - IAI .<,. up to 120 characters long only. UPPER-BOUND(S); LOWER-BOUND(S). HIGH-VALUE (S); LOW-VALUE (S). Data Division 7 Computer-name no alternative computer names. File Description Clauses 6/63 8 9 10 Block-size FILE CONTAINS Label formats 12 Hashed no range can be specified. no approximate file size can be shown. labels must be standard or omitted. If omitted, they can be handled using own coding. hash totals cannot be created. PROCESS § ()~I 1:NED LM~ :;UAGE: 501:162.145 COBQL-61 162 • • 145 COBOL-61 Electives Nor Implemented in H-400 COBOL (see 4:161.3) (Contd.) Key No. Comments Elective Record Description Clauses/Options 13 14 15 16 Table -length Item -length Bit usage RANGE IS 18 19 SIGN IS Item -length 21 Label-handling only fixed length tables and arrays. only fixed length items (see also 19). items cannot be specified in binary. no value range of item or character can be shown. no separate signs allowed. no variable length items allowed. (see also 16). labels cannot be automatically specified as specific data-names. Verbs --22 23 25 algebraic formulae are not available. new verb definitions cannot be used. no library routines can be called. COMPUTE DEFINE INCLUDE Verb Options 29 31 32 33 35 OPEN REVERSED STOP Formulas Operand-size Test tapes cannot be read backwards. non -alphabetic display provision. algebraic formulae. only up to 10 digits. IF I I IS NOT ZERO. Special Features 48 library routines cannot be called. LIBRARY .146 Non-Standard Implementations of COBOL-61 Language: • . • • . none. rD 1963 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated 6/63 501: 171.100 Honeywell 400 Machine Oriented Language EASY I & II MACHINE ORIENTED LANGUAGE: 1:ASY I & II § 171. .1 GENERAL .11 Identity: • 12 • EASY. Efficient Assembly System. .2 LANGUAGE FORMAT .21 Diagram: . .22 Legend Card Number: used to sort input deck (optional, EASY II only) . Location: •••.•. absolute or symbolic location for this line of coding. Command G,de: mnemonic instruction code. constant type code. assembly control codes • library pseudo code. data descriptors. A, B, or C Address:.. instruction operand address, literals. control parameters. constant macro parameter. data descriptors. Remarks: • • • • • •. any comments; these do not affect the assembly. (Note: a special line containing remarks only can be used when R is in columns 9 and 10.) • Minneapolis -Honeywell. • 13 Reference: • 14 Description • Manual DSI-84A . DS1- 84B EASY 1. DSI-133 EASY II. There are three slightly different versions of the EASY language: EASY I, EASY II, and EASY-800. These are designed to run on an H-400 with a 1, 024-word core store, an H-400 with a 2,048word core store, and an H-800 computer, respectively. The language described below is EASY n. and the restrictions upon EASY I are listed at the end of this description. EASY 800, which was the original version used before the H-400 was generally available, is no longer commonly used. .23 Corrections:...... in the same format as specified in 21 if the program is to be reassembled; otherwise, master program tape may be updated with octal corrections. .24 Special Conventions The form of EASY is that of three-address instruction codes. simplified by labels. instead of absolute addresses, mnemonic versions of the operation codes, etc. Conventional symbols are used for "this address" and an upper boundary address. A small illustrative program appears on Page 501: 171. 900. .241 Compound addresses: . Macro routines, which can be stored on a library tape, add trigometric and floating point facilities to the language. EASY is integrated system consisting of an assembler, a master tape updating and selection process, an automatic object program operating system, and extensive program diagnostic features, including dynamic dumping. EASY is based on the principle of batch -processing during assembly, checkout, and production running. EASY is a straightforward 3 -address machine oriented language. It has an open-ended macro and subroutine library, and descriptors for card, printer, and tape functions. Details of the library are given in Paragraph • 8. The following EASY II facilities are not available in EASY I: Segmentation Sorting Library Routines. . 15 Publication Date: • • • • December, 1961 see page 501: 171. .242 Multi -addresses: . 243 Literals: . . 244 Special coded addresses: . 245 Other *. %: .3 LABELS .31 General .311 Maximum number of labels: . . .312 Common label formation rule: . . .313 Reserved labels: .314 Other restrictions: (01963 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated ·+ symbolic + absolute (4 digit), index register. · in control instructions only. · D)xxxx is numeric xxxx • .@ = this address. · highest storage address. · common storage pool address. . unlimited. . yes. . none . . none. Revised 6/63 501:171.315 § HONEYWELL 400 17l. .42 Working Areas .315 Designators Alphabetic constant: . .A#. Hexadecimal constant: H#. .0#. Octal: Binary equivalent of decimal constant: · F #. Symbolic address as .T#. constant: . .421 Data layout Implied by use: Specified in program: . 422 Data type: . .423 Redefinition: . 316 Synonyms permitted: . 431 Data layout: . .. 432 Data type: . 433 Copy layout: .32 · yes. Universal Labels .321 Labels for procedures Existence: . Formation rule First character: Last character: Others: Number of characters: . . 322 Labels for routines: . 323 Labels for . 324 Labels for . 325 Labels for .326 Labels for library constants: files: records: . variables: . 33 Local Labels: .4 DATA .41 Constants · optional. · alphabetic or numeric · alphabetic or numeric. · alphabetic or numeric. · 1 to 6; one must be alphabetic . · · · · · same as procedures. same as procedures. none as such. none as such. same as procedures. · none. .411 Maximum size constants Integer Digits Decimal: . 12 digits. Octal: 16 digits. Hexadecimal: 12 digits. Binary: 14 digits. Fixed numeric Decimal: . 12 digits. Octal: 16 digits. Hexadecimal: 12 digits. Binary: 14 digits. Floating numeric Decimal: none. Octal: none. Hexadecimal: none. Alphabetic: 29 characters. Alphameric: . 29 characters. .412 Maximum size literals Integer Decimal: . 9 digits. Octal: 9 digits. Hexadecimal: 9 digits. Binary: 9 digits. Fixed numeric Decimal: . 9 digits. Octal: 9 digits. Hexadecimal: 9 digits. Binary: 9 digits. Floating numeric: none. Alphabetic: 8 char. Alphameric: . 8 char. 6/63 Revised .43 · no. · not required. · yes. Input-Output Areas .5 PROCEDURES .51 Direct Operation Codes .511 Mnemonic Existence: Number: Example: .512 Absolute Existence: Number: Example: • Comment: .52 · yes. · implicit . · not required . · yes . yes. 59. ADDX/Y/Z. yes . 59 . o #3300 T#X/T#Y /T#Z . any form of constant because codes are binary . Macro- Codes .521 Number available: Input- output: Arithmetic: Math functions: Error control: . Restarts: Ortho correction: Edit: Number conversion: . 522 Examples Simple: • Elaborate: .523 New macros: .53 Interludes: ..54 Translator Control .541 Method of control Allocation counter: Label adjustment: Annotation: . .542 Allocation counter Set to absolute: Set to label: Step forward: Step backward: Reserve area: . .543 Label a.djustment Set labels equal: . Set absolute value:. Clear label table: .544 Annotation Comment phrase: Title phrase: library is open-ended . yes. yes. yes. yes . yes. yes. yes. yes . L,MACNAM. L, MACNAM Pl/P2 P25/. written in EASY and inserted in library or at head of program. none. · pseudo operation. · pseudo operation. · two methods. · SETLOC. SETLOC. · SETLOC, RESV. · SETLOC. · RESV. · EQUALS. · EQUALS. · none. · remarks field. · R or P in location field. MACHIN;: ORIENTED LAN:;UAGE: EASY I & II S 171. .6 SPECIAL ROUTINES AVAILABLE .61 Special Arithmetic .611 Facilities: . .612 Method of call: .62 .74 Varieties of Contents: . mathematical routines. generators. data processing packages • .75 Mechanism •. 751 Insertion of new item: standard updating program . . 752 Language of new item: • EASY• .753 Method of call: • • • . L, NAME in Command field. Special Functions .621 Facilities: . · trig. func tions . log. matrix. differential equations. statistics. .622 Method of call: . .63 · library of scientific subroutines. multiply. divide. floating pOint package. · macro or hand code or deck insertion. 501:171. 600 · macro or hand code, or deck insertion. Overlay Control .76 Insertion in Program . 761 Open routines exist: . .762 Closed routines exist: .763 Open-closed is optional: .764 Closed routines appear once: yes. yes. yes. yes. .631 Facilities: · all programs divided by delimiter "SEGMENT" into at least one segment. overlay calls must be written in programs . . 632 Method of call: . . . . . under program control by Read Segment m a c r o . . 8 MACRO AND PSEUDO TABLES .64 Macros Data Editing .81 . 641 Radix conversion: . Code translation: . 642 Format control: .65 Input-Output Control . 651 .652 .653 .654 . 655 File labels: Reel labels: Blocking: Error control: Method of call: . 66 Sorting .661 Facilities: . 662 Method of call: · decimal to binary only . · not necessary . · not necessary. · standard. · standard. · variable. · standard. · library call • polyphase sorting (3 to 6 tapes). library call • Open-ended library. A few examples are shown below. Code L, A1DPK1: L, AXDLI1: L, L, L, L, L, L, AXDNIl: A2DPK1: A3DPK1: A1FDV1: A1FMY1: . ACXDR1: . L, AEDEX1: L, AEDLN1: L, AEDLOl:. L, AlDSE1: . 67 derail technique as controlled by Monitor, specified by programmer. Diagnostics: L, AYDSE1: L, AMDPK1:. library. L, L, L, L, L, L, . 721 Fixed master: .722 Expandable master: .723 Private: no. yes. yes • L, AVDRNl:. L, ATIrrNl: . L, AMIrrAl:. . 73 tape. L, AVDMRl: .7 LIBRARY FACILITIES • 71 Identity: .72 Kinds of Libraries . Storage Form: ARDSR1: . ATDATl:. ATDSCl: . A1XDVl: . AEDXYl:. AVDMVl:. (0 1963 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated Description · single precision package. · less than or equals comparison . · inequality comparison. · double precision package. · extra preCision package. · fixed point divide. · fixed point multiply. · conversion radians to degrees & EX . · evaluates EX. · finds log to base E of X. · finds log of X to base E, 2 or 10. · matrix inversion, solution to equations . · as above with either single or double precision. · matrix addition, subtraction or scalar multiplication. · finds the square root. · evaluates arc-tangent. · calculates sine or cosine. · fixed binary divide . · evaluates XY. · mean, variance & correlation . · random number generator. · finds the tangent. · premultiplication of a matrix by its transpose. · multiple regression . Revised 6/63 501: 171.820 § liONEYWELL 400 171. .82 Pseudos Description · set location counter. · header card. · subheader card. · repeats next card "n" times. · assigns values to labels. · reserves storage. · heads macro routine. · ends macro routine. · initialize indexes and se-. quence register for object program. . . . . . . . exit from program to monitor. Code SETLOC:. PROGRAM: SEGMENT:. REP: EQUALS: RESV: . . MACBO: . MACTER: BEGIN: . . EXIT: . . l A-U-ER-BA-CH-_.,....,/~ '--1 6/63 Revised 501: 171. 900 MACHINE ORIENTED LANGUAGE: EASY I & II § 171. EASY ~:~NG PR~O:B~L~~==~S~A~M~?~~~E~==========~==========~PR~OG~R:AMM::E:R_~~==========~~D~A~TE========~:PA~G~E==~O~F~~ CARD NUMBER LOCATION COMMAND CODE PI" . lIl11[ I UlIliT A ADDRESS & ADDRESS R~ARKS C ADDRESS F·~F:~~<-~:·~9=~===f'~'~====~~"~==~~~~·h==*~·LJ==~·±'~~~=-~¥'='~~~~~==~~~~~==~~ I--,I'~¢_~I:_-+'-"NE::.:W-'-----+"P...:.cRQ.(':,RAM :SAMPLE s r :1)2.: ------ -- ---------------.~_-3--r'--+---t=S:...:E::.::G-MENT ~AMPI.e. 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A RES RoVED A \"'o"~TiON:>_ _-+-______ t _ - - - ---.......,-----i 1.'(113' ¢¢11 SiX SAVe.SR -r----- ~-V-F\..-W-_--I----- ..-------~ l--.::.z~:¢4....:,...:_-\,¢~¢_z.-:::.=2,-+--,~lX_ _ _ _ ~~_I:._S_R._+_I ___ ... ___ ._._ _ ~~li - - f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - \ r--?-..i~' ¢¢z.~ STX S.AVE~R+'Z. PR...=S=-.E::;!a'-.R'-=-___-f-_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __l Z.:¢b: ¢¢Z4 .. r------NOP t-"'7'-=-r--+,,::-'--:'::..!.. ..- ...------ ..- - - -- .-- .. - - - - - - 1 f - - - - - ----------1 r-.~~L 1¢¢z.'5 ST~_____ ~~~laB ____._______ E-.~R.~~~ _______________.____.__ ZI\!l": (lp2..6 z.,¢c). ¢¢21 NOP ST)(. r---z:;,',-r-- P.A2.8 ¢(j!S3¢ _ ____________ -----.-+-------------1 l c_ _ _ _ .~A'Jt:..SR:!4 _______ ._____ C:..:A.. .::lac:::t:...?:.....U --1 +-__________ NaP Z: I¢!: ~H ----.----.- -il-l-t-T----+-----------I - - - - - --.--.-.. -.. -.. --.--------+----------------1 ERItOt<..t::. R UTII\lES ~A"!I).b..cc:l~~'1P,,~ ____ . _ + _ - - - - - - - - - - - l TAC. oVERF\.. _________ Toe.. SA'll!:.:!> £. flLT 1--+--c-_I-"---':....::.cL.....__I__'~~--.--- 2.11'2.: ~. _~Gi- OVfLW z: 14: 21,-;;: .....-.- ------'-.---+---.-----;--------~ .1.:1(,' -.,,--1-- - Z ,11' -- L~l-I: _._------+----------------- SAVE.SI2.. ---.----+-------- - . - - - - - - - i -------t---- _________ . TOe. ~~B: 2.: 19i -Z:z.9\: SA"E~R... Ril<. - - - - - - - - - ---.------...----.--- .. -- .. CI)E.I>II.--=r AC___~...!ER..R._ _ ~.. _____ 5AVEf>~.....!~ - - - - - - - 1 - . - - - - - 1 - - - - - - - - - - . - - - - 1 Ht.T R::rX-·---- SAVE5R:+,"-- ··--·---SAVE!>R:t-I---- - - - - - - - - - . - - . - - - - . - - -:t-------- --------- ---- ---.------ --- -..------.-..... ~----.- .. ---.----- VRSER.~ T_f.'- __ ..-e_ruE~=_~~__11__-----.__I__'------.I__-----------_l =--==== -===-- ---- ~~~~~!.7-_ . --.-----~~-.=:=_- ~===--~= ~#~cAR.~R{%-- ~~!:~~~- I z.:u: ---r-:t:o,CzTz3f- -=tB~T_~-- SAVESR.+2. . ---.....--...--. © ---... ---'-'- 1963 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated ._ Revised 6/63 501:181.100 • STANDARD II R[PORTS EDP Honeywell 400 Program Translator EASY I & II PROGRAM § TRANSLATOR~ 181. .1 GENERAL .11 Identity: . 12 Description: Honeywell EASY I & II. The EASY II translator is designed for use with the EASY Monitor operating system, described in Section 501:191. It translates one-to-one symbolic instructions. library macros, and desci'iptions for input-output editing. Translation speed is approximately 250 cards per minute. An updating and selection routine maintains a master binary tape using the results of translation and corrections, derails (dump control instructions), and test data. It also prepares an automatic run-to-run tape both for check-out and production purposes. . i3 Originator:. Honeywell EDP Division. .14 Maintainer: Honeywell EpP Division. . 15 Availability: March, 1962. .2 INPUT .21 Language . 22 OUTPUT .31 Object Program .311 Language name: .32 Conventions .321 Standard inclusions: .322 Compatible with: .33 none. EASY Monitor (Section 501:191). Documentation Subject: Source program: . Object program: . Storage map: Restart pOint list: Language errors: Provision listing 1. listing 1. no. no. listing 1. .4 TRANSLATING PROCEDURE .41 Phases and Passes Pass 1: . Passes 2, 3: Passes 4, 5: Pass 6: . Passes 7 - 10: Pass 11: EASY I or EASY II. see Description (Paragraph .12). EASY to H-40o. binary language . machine language . magnetic tape or punched cards. . 42 Optional Modes .421 .422 .423 . 424 . 425 Translate:. . . Translate and run: Check only: Patching:. Omit list: .43 Special Features input editing. optional description processing. optional library processing. optional input sort. translation. listing. yes . none. no . yes . no . Form .221 Input media: . 222 Obligatory ordering: . 223 Obligatory grouping: . 23 .3 .312 Language style: . 313 Output media: There are 3 EASY Translators, one for an H- 800 (EASY- 800), one for an H-400 with a 2, 048-word core store and 4 tape units (EASY II), and one for an H-400 with a 1, 024-word store and 3 tape units (EASY I). Some editing of the input will be needed before an input prepared for one translator can be processed by another. There is no assembler for the H-400 which can assemble on a card system or on a 1- or 2-tape system. .211 Name: . 212 Exemptions: EASY I & II punched card, or tape . no. yes, by program segment. Size Limitations .231 Maximum number of source statements: . .232 Maximum size source statements: .233 Maximum number of data items: no limit. instructions or library calls. .431 Alter to check only: . . 432 Fast unoptimized translate: .433 Short translate on restricted program: omit optional passes. .44 Bulk Translating: yes - batch processing. .45 Program Diagnostics: . handled through monitor operation. no limit. © 1963 by Auerbach Corporotion and BNA Incorporated no . no optimizing• Revised 6/63 501:181.460 § HONEYWELL 400 .522 Translating from tape: 1.2 minutes +0.21 sec/card . . 53 Optimizing Data: not necessary . library. none . . 54 Object Program performance: . . . • unaffected . magnetic, tape. in routine name sequence. .6 COMPUTER CONFIGURATIONS .61 Translating Computer lSI. .46 Translator Library .461 Identity: . . . . . . 462 User restriction: . . 463 Form Storage medium: Organization: .464 Contents Routines: . . Functions: Data descriptions: Programs: . 465 Librarianship Insertion: . . Amendment: Call procedure: variable. macros. no. yes . yes, library updating routine. yes. macro, with or without parameters. .611 Minimum configuration: 2,04S-word core (EASY n). 4 magnetic tapes (EASY n). 1 reader. 1 printer. (EASY I only uses 3 magnetic tape units and 1, 024 words of store.) ,.612 Larger configuration advantages: . . . none. .62 .5 TRANSLATOR PERFORMANCE . 51 Object Program Space Target Comp.uter .621 Minimum configuration: 1,024 word core. 1 magnetiC tape or card reader . . 622 Usable extra facilities: all . • 511 Fixed overhead Name Monitor Space 80 words anho correction 80 words In -.out 96 words Comment controls batch processing and dynamic diagnostics. corrects read errors off magnetic tape. error sub-sequence, in -out areas. .7 Error Check or Interlock Missing entries: Unsequenced entries: Duplicate names: Improper format: Incomplete entries: Target computer overflow: Inconsistent program Duplicate descriptions: .512 Space required for each twice record size, input. input- output file: . record size, output. ,.513 Approximate expansion unity, except macros. of procedures: .S .52 ERRORS, CHECKS AND ACTION none yes yes yes yes yes no. no• Action listed listed listed listed listed report. report. report. report. report. ALTERNATIVE TRANSLATORS Translation Time .521 Translating from cards: 1.3 minutes +0. 24 sec/card. 6/63 Revised Computer H-800 Identity Easy 800 Date June 1961. 501:182.100 • STANDARD EDP • Honeywell 400 Program Translator Automath-400 REIORTS PROGRAM TRANSLATOR: AUTOMATH-400 § 182. • 12 .1 GENERAL .11 Identity:. . 12 Description a practical necessity. It is not possible to substitute additional tape units for the card equipment or the printer • . . . . . . Automath-400. The object program can control eight tape units in addition to a card reader, card punch, and printer. The H-460 Random Access Storage cannot be utilized. by the program. The Automath-400 translator is a ·compile-and-go translator for the FORTRAN II language. Automath400 translat«;!s the entire Automath-400 language (which, except for only two levels of subscripts, is nearly compatible with IBM 709/7090 FORTRAN II; see section 50l:161)'into a machine language program which is stored on magnetic tape and/or on punched cards. During compilation, three listings are produced (see specimens in Section 501:131) which show the source and object programs and a storage map. The compiling speed is between 80 and 120 cards per minute. An Automath-400 programmer interested in object program efficiency has to 'consider factors somewhat different from those generally applicable to FORTRAN compilers. The compiler uses a group of 11 locations as temporary storage for subexpressions and uses the 3 index registers for subscripts. If a programmer wishes to avoid reforming subexpressions or subscripts, he can sometimes do so implicitly by arranging them in these temporary storage locations; There is no way in which he can obtain use of the overlapping capabilities of the H-400; these capabilities are themselves restricted to being able to read from one tape unit while writing on the other, so this limitation does not appear to be very important. Subsequent to compilation, the program can be executed under monitor control. During execution, all computation is performed in decimal mode and takes no advantage of the binary features of the machine. A large resident program block (911 words) must be maintained in storage. Segmentation of the object program is handled by the Auto}:llath-400 Monitor. Floating point operations are simulated by subroutines and take 4 milliseconds for addition or subtraction, 4 milliseconds for multiplicat:ion, and 7. 2 milliseconds for division. By comparison, the mM 1410 takes 4, 5, and 8 milliseconds for the same simulations, whereas the mM 1620 Model II takes either 10, 12, and 24 milliseconds, respectively, when simulating or 0.5, 3.3, and 9.0 milliseconds when using the Automatic Floating Point Feature. Error conditions are checked, but in many cases the computation is allowed to continue; the only warning given is a console typewriter message. This appears to be a weaker action than is advisable. Description (Contd. ) . 13 Originator: . Honeywell EDP Division . . 14 Maintainer: Honeywell EDP Division . .15 Availability: Language - April, 1963. Compiler (Field Test) May, 1963. .2 INPUT .21 Lan~ge .211 Name: .. .212 Exemptions: .22 Form .221 Input media: Segmentation of the object program is handled well, and communication between the segments and the main program is by means of the COMMON facility. To increase the possible size of the segments, the main program is overwritten if necessary and later recalled into storage from the program tape. Up to 16 subprograms can be incorporated into a single program by regarding them as segments. These can be compiled together or separately. If the segments are compiled separately, there is no library system to collect them, so this muet be done manually. The Automath-400 Compiler operates on a 4-tape, 2, 048-word H-400 system with a card reader and printer. A card punch must also be"used if compiled programs are to be stored; thus, it is usually © 1963 Automath-400; see Section 501:161. none. .23 . . . punched cards. Size Limitations · 231 Maximum number of source statements: . · 232 Maximum size source statements:. . . . . · 233 Maximum number of data items: • . . .. . 234 Others Non-COMMON fixed and floating point variables:. . . . . Fixed and floating point constant appearances: . . .• by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated no limit. 660 characters. no limit . 150. 288. 6/63 501:182.234 § HONEYWELL 400 182. 41 Phases and Passes sets up tables for dimensioned and common variables. The remainder of the source program deck is then read as far as the two END statement cards, and the source program listing, a sample of which is presented in coding specimens, is output to the printer, with asterisks appended to any incorrect statements. · 234 Others (Contd.) Variables in COMMON:. . . 100. Dimensioned and equivalenced variables:. . . 37. DO's in a nest: . 10. EFNs: . . . . . 150. FUNCTION and SUBROUTINE subprograms:. .• 16. Subscripts in a statement: . . . . 31. Sets of parentheses enclosing input-output list index:. . . . . . 10. Sets of parentheses enclosing information in an arithmetic statement: .• . . 10. Exits in a computed GO TO: . . . . . . 9. Functions in a nest: 5. Subprogram calls in a net:lt Ior preferred subprograms:. • • 6. · 235 Maximum number of subprograms: . • . 16. .3 OlJfPUT · 31 Object Program .311 Limguage name: .312 Language style: .313 Output media: • 32 · 33 Automath sets up four files on work tapes 1, 2, and 3, as follows: a constant file; a format file; a file of all other statements; and a diagnostic file . .When this is completed, all constants are processed, and variable and array tables and a constant error listing are output to the printer. The other statements are processed, and any appropriate information is added to the diagnostic file. Automath * then writes the bootstrap routines and the Automath Monitor (including an input-output package, the Scientific Option Simulator package, etc.,) onto work tape 2, which is to become the run tape. The required library functions are allocated memory space. If diagnostics have been produced earlier in the run, the diagnostic file is printed at this point. The object program is written onto the run tape in binary format, and, if stipulated by the primary control card, a binary program deck is punched. Any required library functions are then loaded from the system tape, relocated, and written onto tape 2. The object program listing is printed at this point, if it was specified on the primary control card. relocatable binary. H-400 machine code. magnetic tape and/or punched cards. Easy II Input-Output macro. no other systems or subprograms can be used. Documentation Subject Provision Source program: • Object program: . Storage map: . . . Restart point list: Language errors: Listing Listing Listing none. Listing .4. TRANSLATING PROCEDURE .41 Phases and Passes 1. 3. 2. 1. The Automath-400 system exists on a library tape as an object program entitled 4TRAN. When the Automath run has been started, Automath begins its activities by reading the input deck for the first job. As the primary control card is read, an execution option key is set up. If the primary control card specifies program compilation with or without subsequent execution, Automath reads and analyzes the TITLE (or SUBROlJfINE or FUNCTION), COMMON, DIMENSION and EQUIVALENCE statements, and 6/63 When the above activities have been completed, Automath reads any binary subprogram decks, relocates them, and writes them onto the run tape. Any preferred subprograms are written in segment 20f the run tape. Overlay subprograms are written as individual segments, #3 through #n of the tape. If any OVERLAY subprograms. overlay the main program, Automath repeats segment 1 following segment #no When a JOBEND card is encountered, Automath writes an end-of-program and an end-of-information record onto tape 2, and then switches the address of this tape to 0, so that it becomes a program tape, and turns control over to it. The Automath Monitor is then automatically loaded, and it in turn loads segments I and 2 of the object program. When a STOP statement signals the completion of the program, control is returned to the Monitor, which switches the run tape address back to logical address 2, and returns control to the Automath IRT. The appropriate procedure is then carried out for the next job in the input deck, as specified by the new primary control card. Automath will eventually stall waiting for a job.deck to be loaded into the card reader. Conventions • 321 Standard inclusions: • · 322 Compatible with: . (Contd. ) .42 .421 • 422 .423 . 424 Optional Mode Translate: • . Translate and run: . Check only: Patching: • . . . • . ... yes. yes. yes • no. .43 . Special Features .431 Alter to check only: .432 Fast unoptimized translate:. . . . . • 433 Short translate on restricted program: * no. no • no. If the primary control card specifies EXECUTE, Automath activities begin at this point. 501:182.440 PROGRAM TRANSLATOR: AUTOMATH-400 § . 54 182. .44 Bulk Translating: . yes. . 45 Program Diagnostics . 451 . 452 • 453 .454 Tracers: . Snapshots: Dumps:. Other: . . .46 Translator Library . magnetic tape. open. open and closed. none. own coding. TRANSLATOR PERFORMANCE .51 Object Program Space . 511 Fixed overhead Name: . . . . Space: .. Comment: Resident, including Automath Monitor, EASY II I/O macro, Floating Point simulator, Scaling routine and Buffer areas. 911 words. because of the inevitable size of the resident program, space has been saved 'Y~ere possible even at the ·cost Of object performance . • 512 Space required for each input-output file: . none in addition to resident program. Translation Time • 521 Normal translating: . 53 .54 Optimizing Data: . (2) Use of temporary storage for subscripts. Subscripts have the sole use of the three index registers during running time. Normally, each subscript is evaluated whenever used; however, if an index register already holds the subscript, and it is known that it cannot have been altered, then no re-evaluation is undertaken. Automath-400 library . none. .5 . 52 of these temporary storages are checked to see if the expression has previously been formed and can be picked from temporary storage directly . This allows the repeated use of common subexpressions in a single expression without increasing the running time of a program . none. none . none. a number of errors cause console print-outs at object time. Processing then continues automatically. . 461 Identity: .462 User restriction: .463 Form Storage medium: • • 464 Contents Routines: . Functions: Data descriptions: .465 Librarianship Insertion: . 100 statements per minute . none specifically, but knowledge of some of the compilation methods allows stylized writing which improves efficiency. Object Program Performance These figures are based on hand coding, using the standard floating pOint simulation package. If more space were available, a faster package could be used. Addition, subtraction, and multiplication take 4 milliseconds each; division takes 7; 2 milliseconds. Two techniques can be used to improve object program performance time. (1) Use of temporary storages for data. Eleven locations are allocated cyclically for use as temporary storage in each object program. Before any expression is compiled, the contents © 1963 Object Program Performance (Contd. ) Type Time Space Elementary algebra: Complex formulae: Deep nesting: Heavy branching: Complex subscripts: Data editing: Overlapping operations: unaffected increased unaffected unaffected doubled unaffected not possible in Automath-400 unaffected. unaffected • unaffected. unaffected. increased. unaffected. .6 COMPUTER CONFIGURATIONS .61 Translating: Computer .611 Minimum configuration: H-400 with 4 tape units, 2,048 words of store, card reader, printer. .612 Larger configuration advantages:. . • . . a card punch or an extra tape unit allows the object program to be stored on cards or tape, respectively. .62 Target Computer .621 Minimum configuration: I-i-400 with 2,048 wores of store, 2 tape units. .622 Usable extra facilities: up to 8 tape units can be utilized • .7 §"RRORS, CHECKS AND ACTION Error Missing entlies: Unsequenced entlies: Duplicate names: Improper format: Target computer overflow: Inconsistent program: Check or Interlock check not needed. no check. check. Action entry on listlng. check during loading only. check listing. Upon detection of object program errors, processing normally continues, even after it is definite that the output is valueless. Further, although the error has been noted by a console typewriter message, no indication is given on the printout. Thus, the bad output can still be used. This condition occurs whenever a function is improperly utilized (such as_ asktngto]:, t!ie s~uare root or logarithm of a negative number), upon incorrect results from a truncation, or upon exponent errors of various sorts. by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated 6/63 501: 191.100 _STANDARD EDP • REPORTS Honeywell 400 Operating Environment EASY Monitor OPERATING ENVIRONMENT: EASY MONITOR .44 § 191. .1 GENERAL .11 Identity: •• • 12 Errors, Checks, and Action Error EASY Monitor. Minneapolis - Honeywell Regulator Co. May, 1962. Loading input error: Allocation impossible: In-out error - single: In-out error - pezs Istent: Overflow: Invalid instructions: Program conflicts: Description: Production or test programs to be performed are selected from a Master Program Tape and stored on a run tape. The run tape contains test data, derails (type and point of dumps), and the routines for each program. Distribution of test data, operation of program, dynamic dumping, and sequencing to next program may be automatic or under control of operator type-ins. These functions use 200 words of core storage. .45 not possible. none. yes. yes. yes • interlock.. interlock. Action automatic recovery. program control. forced jump. forced jump. wait. Restarts .451 Establishing restart points:. • • • • • control cards designate restart points in routines. type-in. .452 Restarting process: .5 PROGRAM DIAGNOSTICS PROGRAM LOADING .• 51 Dynamic Source of Programs .511 Tracing. .• 512 Snapshots:. only via snapshots • yes, points selected by programmer. .52 Post Mortem: • • • • yes, automatic - included in system; may require console forced jump to Monitor • .6 OPERATOR CONTROL .61 Signals to Operator • 13 Availability:.. .2 • 21 1962 • Master Program Tape • must be incorporated during the preparation of the Run Tape. • 211 Libraries: •• • 212 Independents: • 22 Library Sub-Routines:. none .23 Loading Sequence: Program sequence may be detennmed when the run tape is prepared by a set of cards, one card per program. At execution time, there are 2 modes of operation: 1) serial or 2) specific (under control of operator type-ins). .3 HARDWARE ALLOCATION .31 Storage:..... •• 32 Input-Output Units incorporated in program. .• 611 Decision required by operator: '.612 Action required by operator: •613 Reporting progress of run: •62 Operator' s Decision: • .63 Operator's Signals .321 Initial assignment: • • • incorporated in program • • 322 Alternation: • • • incorporated in program. • 323 Reassignment: • • type-ins. .4 RUNNING SUPERVISION • 41 Simultaneous Working: incorporated in program. .42 Multi-Running: . own programming, using standard techniques. .7 LOGGING none. ~71 Operator Signals:. .43 Check or InterloCk Multisequencing:. • © 1963 .631 Inquiry:. • • • • .632 Change of normal progress: by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated yes, console printout. yes, console printout • console printout each time a program is loaded • breakpoint switches. console forced jumps • type-ins • type-outs . type-ins. yes - console typewritten. Revised 6/63 501: 191.720 § HONEYWELL 400 191. • 72 Operator Decisions: • yes - console typewritten. .73 Run Progress yes - console typewritten. •74 Errors:... yes - console typewritten. .75 Running Times: • •• no. •76 Multi-Running Status:. no. 6/63 Revised .8 PERFORMANCE .81 Program Loading Time: search time + load time • (The search time may be zero.) .82 Reserved Equipment:. 200 words • .83 Running Overhead: • • control is transferred from the program to the monitor under four conditions: 1) read error. 2) segment (or overlay) loading. 3) dynamic dumping • 4) program exit. 501:201.001 STANDARD REPORTS Honeywell 400 Notes on System Performance NOTES ON SYSTEM PERFORMANCE § 201. The format design and blocking of the main file were major considerations during the preparation of the System Performance data. Some of the more unusual factors which were considered were: (1) The Block Length The magnetic tape block length had to be short enough for a complete read or write operation to be completed within 18 milliseconds, to avoid the possibility of destroying the data transferred during the card read operations. The blocking factor is thus restricted to 2 on those configurations with the slowest model tape unit (H-404-3). (2) The Approximate Central Processor Interlock Time for the Magnetic Tape Units The central processor is interlocked from the time the tape instruction is given until the time the data transfer has been completed. The interlock time consists of the data transfer time itself, the normal start time, and an additional time which is necessary to pass over the remainder of the tape which makes up the inter-block gap. It is assumed that this distance includes all the gap not passed over during the starting or stopping of the tape. This adds 2.7 milliseconds per block to the time the tape units interlock the central processor. (3) The Timing of the Card Reader and Printer Because H-400 input-output and computation operations are performed independently of each other and serially, it was not evident that either the card reader or printer would be able to operate at maximum speed for the entire program. Accordingly, an allowance for the time used waiting for their respective clutch points to be reached was added, whenever appropriate, to their timings •• These are reflected in the increased overheads on the central Processor. A further complication was the probability of additional delay in central processor operation when an interlock might be caused by the execution of one of several types of instructions between the start-up of a card reader and the actual data transfer from it. These instructions are mUltiply, print, tape read-write, etc., and they automatically interlock the central processor so that data transfers from the card reader are possible. No loading was computed to cover these delays; thus, the central processor time may be slightly understated. © 1963 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated Revised 6/63 501 :201.011 Honeywell 400 System Performance HON EYWEll 400 SYSTEM PERFORMANCE © 1963 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated Revised 6/63 501:201.012 HONEYWELL 400 HONEYWELL 400 SYSTEM PERFORMANCE WORKSHEET DATA TABLE 1 Configurotion Worksheet 1 Input. Output Times Item Reference II III IV 432 432 1,104 2 2 5 24.5 totlll 24.5 totlll 21.1 File 3 75.0 75.0 75.0 File 4 115.0 115.0 115.0 ----- --- --- ------- ----- 14.6 14.6 16.6 File 3 46 46 46 File 4 52 1.3 1.3 al 1.1 1.1 2.3 msec/record a2 2.8 2.8 2.8 msec/detail b6 0.2 0.2 0.2 msec/work b5 It b9 14.97 8.97 8.97 msec/report b7 +b8 0.4 0.4 0.4 msec/block for C.P. and 'dominant column. al 1.1 1.1 2.3 a2 K 5.6 5.6 14.0 a3 K 31.1 19.1 47.4 ' } li..6 } 16'.6 (File l)a Char/block Records/block K msec/block File 1 msec/switch File 1 (File 1) = File = File 2 2 File 3 File 4 msec/penillty 2 Central Processor Times 3 ' msec/block Standard Problem A = File 2 File 1 Master In File 2 Master Out F = 1.0 4 File 1 Unit of measure 4:200.1132 4:200.114 File 3 Details b 120.0 File 4 Reports 104.0 230 8.0 230 20.0 575 Totlll 278.4 2,30 170.4 230 400.3 575 120.0 300.0 word Std. routine s Standard Problem A Space }lM 4:200.112 200 140 140 Fixed 94 94 94 3 (Blocks 1 to 23) 90 90 90 6 (Blocks 24 to 48) 360 360 360 Files 156 156 156 18 18 18 828 768 768 4:200.1151 Working Totlll =Includes Expressed as 4-bit characters. Used as a mixture of 4-bit and 6-bit characters in unpacked form. 1ll1owance for is milliseconds caused by prohibition of certain instructions during start of card read cycles. 6/63 Revised SO 1:20 1. lOQ • I) STANDARD EDP REPORTS Honeywell 400 System Performance SYSTEM PERFORM'ANCE § 201. .113 Timing Basis: .1 GENERALIZED FILE PROCESSING . 11 Standard File Problem A Estimates • 111 Record Sizes Master File: . Detail File: Report File: . 112 Computation: . using estimating procedure outlined in Users' Guide, 4:200.113 . . 114 Graph:. . . . . . . . see graph below . .115 Storage Space Required Configuration II: . Configuration III: Configuration IV: Word: • . . . . 108 characters. 1 card. 1 line. . standard. 828 words . 768 words. 768 words. 2 char. 3 digits • 1,000.0 7 4 2 100.0 7 4 Time in Minutes to Process 10. 000 Master File Records 2 ~:;; - 10.0 7 4 2 1.0 -- --' /' /~ ~ n/ ..,50 1,950 270 475 69,750 79,800 100 20 4;800 1,050 210 47,250 100 20 4, SOO 390 19.50 17,550 325 52.25 14,700 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated Revised 6/63 501 :221.102 HONEYWELL 400 PRICE DATA (Contd.) § 221. IDENTITY OF UNIT CLASS No. INPUTOUTPUT (CONTD.) 423-2A 436-1 440 480 4"1.1 427-2A 6/63 Revised Name Optional Equipment Pocket Select Tape Control Unit (1 Max.) for compatibility with other manufacturers' tapes. Optical Scanner and Control (1 Max.) Q>Inmunications Control (1 Max.) Card Reader-Card Punch (800 CPM/250 CPM) (1402 Modell) Pocket Selection Feature (for the ~odel 427) Monthly Rental PRICES Monthly Maintenance Purchase $ $ $ 15 1,380 0.30 195 675 62,100 2,530 505 121,440 790 79 35,550 550 30,000 15 675 HONEYWEll 800 Honeywell EDP Division (r- ( AUERBACH INFO, INC. PRINTED IN U. S. A. HONEYWEll 800 Honeywell EOP Division AUERBACH INFO, INC. PRINTED IN U. S. A. 502:001.001 STANDARD Honeywell 800 Contents REPORTS CONTENTS 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. S. 9. 10. 11. 12. 14. 15. Introduction. . H-SOO-II Summary Analysis Data Structure . . • • System Configuration Notes on On-line and Off-line System Configuration Configuration V, 6-Tape Auxiliary . Configuration VI, 6-Tape Business/Scientific Configuration VII A, lO-Tape Integrated Configuration VII B, 10- Tape Paired . . Configuration VIII A, 20-Tape Integrated . • Configuration VIII B, 20-Tape Paired General. Internal Storage Control Memory Core Storage H-S60 Magnetic Disc File Central Proces sor H-S01 Central Processor Console. ..• •• • Input-Output; Punched Tape and Card H-S09 Punched Tape Reader and Control H-SlO Punched Tape Punch and Control H-S23 Card Reader H-S27 Card Reader H-S27 Card Punch Input-Output; Printers H-S22-3 High Speed Printer H- S22-1 and 2 Standard Printers Input-Output: Magnetic Tape H-S04 Magnetic Tape Units Input-Output: Other H-8S0 Communication Control Unit H - S40 Optical Scanner • Simultaneous Operations Instruction List. • • • • • •• • Data Codes Collating Sequence and Card Units General • • • • • Standard Printer • High Speed Printer • Console Typewriter Problem Oriented Facilities 502:011 502:012 502:021 502:031. 001 502:031.1 502:031.2 502:031.3 502:031.4 502:031.5 502:031.6 502:041 502:042 502:043 502:051 502:061 502:071 502:072 502:073 502:074 502:075 502:0S1 502:0S2 502:091 502:101 502:102 502:111 502:121 (INA) 502:141 502:142 502:143 502:144 502:145 502:151 INA = Information Not Available © 1963 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated Revised 5/63 HONEYWELL 800 502:001. 002 CONTENTS (Contd.) 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. Revised Process Oriented Languages Automath-800 FACT . . . . . . • . • • COBOL . . . • . . • . • Machine Oriented Languages ARGUS • • . . • Program Translators COBOL-800 • • . Operating Environment ARGUS (for Production Runs) System Performance . • . . . Worksheet Data • . • . • • Generalized File Processing Sorting • . . . • • . • . • Matrix Inversion. • . • . . Generalized Mathematical Processing • Generalized Statistical Processing. . Physical Characteristics Price Data. . . . • • • . • . • • • 5/63 502:161 502:162 502:163 502:171 502:182 502:191 502:201 502:201. 011 502:201.1 502:201. 2 502:201. 3 502:201.4 502:201. 5 502:211 502:221 502:011.100 DP Honeywell 800 Introduction REPQRTS I NTRODUCTI ON § OIl. The H- SOO is a medium to large computer system designed to process more than one program at a time *. This is an attempt to reduce the inefficiencies of individual programs, which are usually input-output or central processor limited. In any installation, the degree of success of mUlti-program operations depends upon how well the programs selected balance the sum of the demands on the central processor with the demands on the peripheral units. In practice, installations with time- sharing programs operate an average of two programs at a time, with peaks of five or six. (The hardware is capable of sharing the central processor time among up to eight programs.) The H-800 rents for between $18,000 and $40,000 a month, depending on the configuration, and size, is intermediate between the H-400 and the new H-1400 on the one hand, and the H-1800 on the other. The H-800 uses the same data-codes as the H-400 and the H-1400, and thus, magnetic tapes can be interchanged between these systems. The H-1800 can run H·800 programs, as the H-800 order code is a subset of the H-1800 code. The multi-running* feature of the H-800 is particularly valuable where large volume input-output files are processed with either relatively little or peaked internal processing. Typical applications of this character are found in the insurance and utility fields. This approach also permits a program mix which includes a series of scientific (low volume inputoutput) computation programs. The manufacturer has undertaken the development of software which should encourage more use of multi-running. A package has been released for controlling up to seven simultaneous conversions between cards, paper tape, magnetic tape, and hard copy. The elimination of the separate "program testing" executive system has been proposed because many installations tend to retain it after testing has been completed rather than convert to the different operating requirements of the standard production executive system. The H-SOO has the capacity to execute 30,000 three-address instructions per second. The computer uses a 48- bit word, either as 44 bits plus sign character, 11 decimal digits plus sign character, or 12 unsigned decimal digits. Alphameric characters can be stored eight to a word, but cannot be used in arithmetic. Decimal and binary computing facilities are available in the H-800, as are multiword transfers, which allow economical programming. However, the computer has no facility for easy conversion of external data codes to internal code, or vice versa. All shifts are right end-around shifts, so that editing is costly. An edit generator and several standard routines are available, but most routines appear to be written for individual cases. The H-800 storage is divided into two parts, a Control Memory with eight "program groups," and a Main Memory Which is divided into banks of 2, 04S 4S-bit words. The basic H-SOO has two of these banks; larger units can contain up to 14. The eight program groups are included in all cases. Each of these eight groups can control a separate program. A total of 64 (eight per group) index registers are prOVided. The addressing structure is such that while any program can reach or use any location in storage, it is necessary to use one of a number of special addreSSing methods when referring to addresses in other program groups or other b JP> _ , R£f'OR1S ~ ',' - Honeywell 800 Simultaneous Operations SIMULTANEOUS OPERATIONS § Usually, one card reader, punch, or printer is connected to one controller to one channel; and several magnetiC tape units to one controller to a pair of channels. Therefore,' the degree of simultaneity is limited by the types of connections and the limited numbers of channels, controllers, and units. Each simultaneous transfer by a unit monopolizes its channel (wired at installation time), and its controller, or part of its controller. 111. .1 SPECIAL UNITS .12 Description Simultaneous operations can be considered at two levels: (1) Simultaneous Programs. .2 (2) Simultaneous Transfers. P = 'Number of output channels to which controllers are connected. Q = Number of input channels to which controllers are connected. Program Simultaneity Several programs can be run simultaneously by the H- 800. Such operation is mechanized (described under Central Processor, Paragraph :051. 3) by executing one instruction in turn from each of several programs. In the core storage, input-output transfers always receive priority over the central processor, taking place at the first available core storage cycle. Interruptions are handled within the program concerned and do not cause any slow-down of the other programs. Software affects simultaneity only insofar as the operating system allows. In ARGUS, a restriction exists that when loading any sector of any program into storage, all other programs are halted. The length of the halt depends on the position of the tape concerned, and while normally a matter of 20 to 50 milliseconds, it could be a full second in cases where three or four large- scale programs are being run simultaneously. The following rules show what degree of simultaneous operation is possible at various levels of control in the Central Processor: Maximum number of programs simultaneously running 8. Maximum number of interrupts simultaneously being handled 8. Maximum number of instructions being proces sed l. Maximum number of storage references l. Maximum number of other programs running in parallel with the standard executive routine O. Transfer Simultaneity Each H- 800 has eight input and eight output channels, each of which can operate simultaneously with all the others and the other Central Processors. Peripheral units are connected to channels via controllers. A variety of controllers are available. In general, it is possible to connect eight units to a controller which is connected to one, or a pair of channels, or to connect eight controllers to one, or a pair of channels, each controller having only one unit. © 1963 CONDITIONS .3 CLASSES OF OPERATIONS Operation Class Read magnetic tape backward or forward. Write magnetiC tape Rewind Read a card ~l Read paper tape Read scanner r Punch a card J Print a line Punch paper tape Transmit to data transmission unit A B C r D '1 E .4 RULES .41 Configuration Restrictions a +d b+e . 42 = at most q = at most p Access Restrictions When any tape unit is operating at a higher transfer rate than 32, 000 alpha char/sec, further restrictions on the total number of simultaneous input-output transfers exist. If any tape transfer rate of 124,000 alpha char/sec . is in use: a + b + d + e may not exceed 9. If any tape transfer rate of 88, 000 alpha char/sec is in use: a + b + d + e may not exceed 13. These limits are attainable only with little or no use of Distributed Read-Gather Write facilities. If these are used, then in the worst cases: If any tape transfer rate of 124,000 alpha char/sec is in use: a + b + d + e may not exceed 4. If any tape transfer rate of 88,000 alpha char/sec is in use: a + b + d + e may not exceed 6. If any tape transfer rate of 164,000 alpha char/sec is in use: a + b + d + e may not exceed 9. by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated 2/63 502:121.101 • II § STANDARD ElOP REroRTS Honeywell 800 Instruction List INSTRUCTION LIST 121. INSTRllCTION OPERATION A B C DA a c BA a a b b b OP Code AritIunetic WA DS a BS a a a b b b b a B BT DM a B a BT a b b SM HA a a EX a MT TN IT RT a a SWS a SPS a SWE SPE SSL WD HA DT b b b c c c c c c c c c c } (A) + (B)--7 C, in decimal, signed binary, or absolute binary mode. } (A) - (B)~C, in decimal, signed binary, or absolute binary mode. } (A) + (B)~C, in binary with no carries. a l + a 2 ••• + a B ----;.. C, in binary or decimal mode. Signs are assumed to be all positive or all negative. } (A) x (B)----;.. C, in decimal or signed binary mode. Logic (A) superimposed on (B) ~ C (Inclusive OR). (A) hali-add to (B)~ C (Exclusive OR). Logical AND (A) with (B), result to C. c c c Transfers a a B B b b c a a B B B B a B c NA NN a a c c LA a a a b b b b b a a b b LN TS CP CC (A)~C, B times. A and C can be incremented. B words, starting at A, moved to B words starting at C. Move an item starting at A to an area starting at C. Move a record, starting at A to an area starting at C. c c c c c c c Shifts Right-end-around shift (A) B binary places and store in C. Different orders allow for sign treatment and protection of present contents of C. } Transfer control to C modified by (A) shifted around B bits. Comparison Jump to C if (A) t- (B) when treated alphabetically. Jump to C if (A) t- (B) when treated numerically. Jump to C if (A) ~ (B) when treated alphabetically. Jump to C if (A) .:::; (B) when treated numerically. Jump to C, and transfer (A) to (B). c c c Miscellaneous Check Parity of (A). If incorrect, jump to C. Orthocount the record starting at A, ending at C - 1. If required, use scarier read techniques under control of the table stored starting in B. Record the orthocount in C and C + 1 • Simulate. Form a memory address (direct or indexed) from the low-order 11 bits of the command code and store this instruction in the location thus specified. Jump under control of the co-sequence counter. c c S Scientific Instructions Floating Point - Normalized FBA FDA a a FBS a FDS FBM FDM a a a © 1963 b b b b b b c c c c "\ J (A) + (B)-+C, in binary or decimal mode. } (A) - c c } (A) x (B)----;" C, and a special register, in binary or decimal mode. (B)~C, in binary or decimal mode. by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated 2/63 502: 121.102 § HONEYWELL 800 121. INSTRUCTION LIST -Contd. INSTRUCTION OPERATION OP Code A B C a a a a - c c c c c } a b b b b FBAU FDAU FBSU FDSU a a a a b b b b c c c c 1 BD DD a a b b c c A B C Floating Point - NormaJized (Contd. ) FBD FDD FLN FNN ULD (B) / (A) ~C, in binary or decimal mode. Jump to C if (A)". (B) Jump to C if (A) ~ (B) Store a double-length product into A and C. Floating Point - Unnormalized (A) + (B)-?o-C, in binary or decimal mode. j (A) - (B)~C, in binary or decimal mode. Fixed Point (A)~ C, in binary or decimal mode. The remainder can be retained. (B) / INSTRUCTION I/O Channel Device X X RF a b c X X RB a b c X X X X WF RW a a b b c c X X X X X X PRA PRD PRO a a a b b b 2/63 OP Code OPERATION Peripheral Instructions Read forward from peripheral device XX into consecutive locations beginning at A. If distributed read is required, use the table starting at B. Interruption occurs in case of end of file or error in previous block is encountered. Read Backwards, otherwise as Read Forward Instruction. Write Forward; otherwise as Read Forward. Rewind Magnetic Tape or Paper Tape Unit XX. Lock can be specified. Interruption occurs if an error occurred on previous block. Print the contents of A on the console typewriter. Alphabetic, Decimal, or Octal format can be specified. Format instructions are given in B. J 502: 141.1 00 • STANDARD • EDP • '- Honeywell 800 Dota Code Table Collating Sequence REPORTS DATA CODE TABLE NO.1 § . 23 141. Character Codes In ascending sequence, quoted in terms of key punch symbols. (The numeric collating sequence ends after the first 16 symbols. ) Collating Sequence and Card Units. .1 USE OF CODE: .2 STRUCTURE OF CODE .21 Character Size: . .22 Character Structure:. . 4 bits or 6 bits, intermingled in a word. .. 4 bits (numeric) or 6 bits (alphameric) © 1963 Internal Code in Octal 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 10 .11 12 13 14 15 16 17 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 Character or Key Punch Internal Code in Octal G H 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 70 I 71 (y, B, 2) 72 73 74 75 76 77 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 B 9 (B, 2) # @ 'Space (B, 6) (B, 7) & A B C D E F (y, (y, (y, (y, by Auerbach Corporation and BNA incorporated B, 4) B, 5) B, 6) 0) Character or Key Punch J K L M N 0 P Q R (X, B, 2) $ * (X, B, 5) (X, B, 6) (X, 0) (8, 5) / S T U V W X Y Z (0, B, 2) , ( (0, 8, 5) (0, B, 6) (0, B, 7) 2/63 502:142.100 ·STAND"'D EDP • REPORTS Honeywell 800 Dota Code Table General DATA CODE TABLE NO.2 § 142. .1 USE OF CODE: • .2 STRUCTURE OF CODE • 21 Character Size: . .22 Character Structure .221 More significant pattern: .222 Less significant pattern: . General and Magnetic Tape. Common to all I/O equipment. 6 bits. 2 zone bits; B, A 16. = 32, 4 numeric bits; 8, 4, 2, 1. .23 Character Codes LESS SIGNIFICANT PATTERN MORE SIGNIFICANT PATTERN 48 0 16 32 0 0 + - 1 1 A J / 2 2 B K S 3 3 C L T 4 4 D M U 5 5 E N V 6 6 F 0 W 7 7 G P X 8 8 H Q y 9 9 I R Z $ , * ( 10 11 = ) 12 13 blank 14 15 © 1963 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated 2/63 502: 143.1 00 • STANDARD EDP • RE!'ORTS Honeywell BOO Data Code Table Standard Printer DATA CODE TABLE NO.3 § 143. .23 .1 USE OF CODE: • .2 STRUCTURE OF CODE • 21 Character Size: • . • .22 Character Structure .221 More significant pattern: • • • .222 Less significant pattern: • . • LESS SIGNIFICANT PATTERN Standard Printer. 6 bits • 2 zone bits; B, A 16. Character Codes =32, 4 numeric bits; 8, 4, 2, 1. 0 16 32 48 0 0 + - - 1 1 A J / 2 2 B K S 3 3 C L T 4 4 D M U 5 5 E N V 6 6 F 0 W 7 7 G P X 8 8 H Q y 9 9 I R Z 10 9 I R 11 = 12 - 13 © 1963 MORE SIGNIFICANT PATTERN blank 14 = 15 - by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated $ , ) * ( ) * ( $ , 0 ( 0 2/63 • 502: 144.100 STANDARD II REPORTS EDP Honeywell 800 Data Code Table High Speed Printer DATA CODE TABLE NO. 4 § 144. .1 USE OF CODE:. .2 STRUCTURE OF CODE . 21 Character Size:. . . . 22 Character Structure .221 More significant pattern: . • • .222 Less significant pattern: • . . .23 High Speed Printer. 6 bits . 2 zone bits; B, A = 32, 16. 4 numeric bits; 8, 4, 2, 1. Character Codes LESS SIGNlF ICANT PATTERN 0 16 32 48 0 0 + - blank 1 1 A J / 2 2 B K S 3 3 C L T 4 4 D M U 5 5 E N V 6 6 F 0 W 7 7 G P X 8 8 H Q y 9 9 I R Z ; # @ $ , ) * ( 10 © 1963 MORE SIGNIFICANT PATTERN , 11 = 12 : 13 blank % " CR 14 blank III blank blank 15 $ blank blank blank by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated 2/63 502: 145.1 00 .SlANOARO EDP • REPORTS Honeywell 800 Data Code Table Console Typewriter DATA CODE TABLE NO. 5 •§ 145. • 23 •1 USE OF CODE: • .2 STRUCTURE OF CODE . 21 Character Size:. • • .22 Character Structure .221 More significant pattern: . • • .222 Less significant pattern: . . • Console Typewriter. 6 bits • 2 zone bits; B, A 16. = 32, 4 numeric bits; 8, 4, 2, 1. Character Codes LESS SIGNIFICANT PATTERN 0 16 32 48 0 0 + - 0 1 1 A J / 2 2 B K S 3 3 C L T 4 4 D M U 5 5 E N V 6 6 F 0 W 7 7 G P X 8 8 H Q y 9 9 I R Z ; # @ , 10 © 1963 MORE SIGNIFICANT PATTERN , 11 = . $ 12 : ) * ( 13 blank % " CR 14 ¢ LI!lI ~ 0 15 & A ? ® by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated 2/63 502: 151.100 _STANDARD EDP • Honeywell 800 Problem Oriented Facilities REPORTS PROBLEM ORIENTED FACILITIES § 151. .13 ·1 UTILITY ROUTINES · 11 Simulators of Other Computers H-400 Reference: Manual DSI-89, H-400 Easy Programs on the H-800. July, 1961. Own coding facilities are provided. Date available: . Description An integrated package of routines for assembling, debugging and running of programs written in H-400 Easy Language on the H-800. H-650 Reference: . . . Manual, 650 Simulator for the H-800. Date available: . August, 1960. Description A package of routines for simulating input conversion, processing, output conversion of mM 650 programs. UNIVAC I & II Reference: . . . Manual Honeywell 800 Univac Simulator. Date available: . August, 1961. Description The UNIVAC Simulator package contains two programs. One simulates the central processor of the UNIVAC I or II, the second simulates card conversion and printing. Scientific Option Simulation Reference: . . . ESMESS01, H-800 Subroutine Library. Date available: . . . . February, 1960. Description A package of routines that simulates scientific option hardware. 80lB Floating Point Option. • 12 Simulation by Other Computers:. . . . . . none. · 13 Data Sorting and Merging Fact Compiler Sort Reference: . Record size: Block size: Key size: . File size: • Data Sorting and Merging (Contd.) A sort on this type of file does not change the structure (it remains an Inventory File consisting of Items within Product Groups within Areas), but can change the order of each header (product Groups, Areas, or Items) within itself. FACT Manual. see description. :5: 28,! :5. pS, :5 256 words. any number of keys. each reel is sorted separately, then merged under manual control. 3 to 5. 1961. Number of tapes: . Date available: . . Description: This routine provides sorting on FACT type files where records are not used singly, but as a hierarchy of headers, each of which may have a number of subgroups. A typical file would be aldnventory File consisting of Items, within Product Groups, within Areas. Here each "record" would effectively consist of all the information in the Area header and the Group header, as well as in the individual item. © 1963 H-SOO Sort Package Reference: . Record size: Block size: Key size: . File size: . DSI-43A, Sort and Collate Manual. variable. variable; preset number of records. preset; maximum one full item. one reel of tape or equivalent partial reels. 3 to 6. December, 1960. Number of tapes: . Date available: . . Description Two parts, presort and merge sort. Presort builds continuous strings of items in memory taking advantage of any pre-ordering of the Data. Merge sort is of Cascade type, in which the power of sort is one less than the number of tapes used. H-SOO Collate Package DSI-43A, Sort and Collate Reference: . Manual. variable. Record size: variable; preset number of Block size: records. preset; maximum one full Key size: . item. 99 reels of tape. File size:. 3 to 13 tapes. Number of tapes: . December, 1960. Date available: . . Description The collate routine can be a 2-way, 3-way, 4way or 5-way merge. Input in each of the above can be a single input tape or a second or alternate tape. Output can be on one file or an alternate. Included, if desired, is a restart dump tape. .14 Report Writing Edit Generator Reference: . . DSI-129, Edit Generator and Tape I/O Manual. 1961. Date available: . Description The Edit Generator is a library routine which may be used to prepare reports. The Edit Generator creates routines which obtain data from a source location, edit it and record it on tape or print it on-line. Report Writer Date available: • . . . 1961. by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated 2/63 HONEYWELL BOO 502: 151.150 151. • 15 Data Transcription '.17 § Routine Name Timing Function (~) Max Central Processor Loading E1AMCED1 Edits card input 1.3+0.4N 33.3 ms per card. E1FAMED1i. Edits output for l 1 5+ 0 4N (49: 5 per 120 char • \. lme. E1MAPED1J printer J • 1. 0 per number. E1FDC2M1 Edits floating point 1. 0 per number numbers packed 4 to a card Card-to-tape routines are presently being prepared for floating decimal and floating binary. No straight transcription routines are included in the H-SOO either for card-to-tape or for tape-to-printer. .16 Other Double-Precision and Complex Arithmetic Package Reference: . . . . . . H-SOo Subroutine Library. Date available: . • . . 1960. Description A series of packages for double-precision and complex arithmetic have been provided. Separate packages deal with specific changes of operands, such as fixed decimal, floating binary, etc. The timings are summarized in the following table: 2/63 Type of Arithmetie Timings (ms) + - x + Double-Precision Fixed decimal Floatinl1: decimal Fixed binary Floating binary O.SS 0.92 2.45 4.32 Packal1:e not yet available. No package planned. 0.9 2.1 0.9 1.1 Complex Arithmetic Fixed decimal Floating cfecimal Fixed binary . Floating binary 0.9 3.1 0.9 I.S No package planned. No packal1:e planned. O.S O.S 1.1 2.1 File Maintenance FACT Compiler Description The FACT Compiler includes File Maintenance provisions. (See under Section Proolem Oriented Languages, FACT Compiler). .17 Other (Contd.) Code Conversion Routines The H-SoO has a number of possible ways of representing numbers. A number of routines for converting from one form to another are available and are listed below. Fixed Decimal to Fixed Binary: • . . . •. 2. 5 msec. Floating Decimal to Floating Binary:. 3. S msec. Floating Binary to Floating Decimal: 5.2 msec. Floating Decimal to Fixed Decimal: . . '. 2. 7 msec. Radians to Degrees, in Fixed Decimal: • . . o. S msec. Degrees to Radians, in Fixed Decimal: . . . O. 9 msec. 502: 161.100 • STANDARD II REPORTS ED P Honeywell 800 Process Oriented Language Automath-800 PROCESS ORI EN TED LANGUAGE: AUTOMATH-800 § 161. .1 GENERAL . 11 Identity: AUTOMATH-800 • . 12 Origin:. Honeywell EDP. . 13 Reference: .. Honeywell EDP Publications DSI-448. • 14 Description .2 PROGRAM STRUCTURE .21 Divisions: . . . • . • • one division, composed of the following types of statements. Procedure statements: algebraic formulae. comparisons and jumps • input and output. Data statements: . • . FORMAT: describes the layout, size scaling, and code of input-output data. EQUIVALENCE: used to cause two variables to have a common location or to specify synonyms. COMMON: used to cause a name to be common to more than one segment rather than local to each. DIMENSION: describes the elements in each dimension of an array or set of arrays. .22 Procedure Entities Restrictions and extensions of the AUTOMATH-800 language relative to mM 709/7090 FORTRAN II are summarized below. Restrictions: (1) Double precision and complex arithmetic are not permitted, but can be implemented by entering machine assembly language. (2) IF SENSE SWITCH and IF SENSE LIGHT test the status of specific core storage locations. The monitor system must be used to alter the settings of these pseudo sense switches. Program: . . Subroutine: . Function: • Statement: (3) The following statements have not been implemented: FREQUENCY, READ DRUM, WRITE DRUM. (4) The CHAIN feature, which facilitates segmentation of programs too large to fit into core storage, has not been implemented. A similar feature, OVERLAY, has been incorporated for this purpose. .23 all variables. integer variable or constant. floating point variable or constant. Boolean variable or constant. Hollerith item. alphameric item. Hollerith item: • • . • alphameric item that can be used only for input and output. Alphameric: . • . • • alphameric item that can be only input, output, or in FORMAT, CALL, or IF statements. (1) The following number ranges can be handled: Floating point: . . 1O- T6 10+7 5 Integer:. . . . . . -244 to +244 Boolean: •• . . . 16 octal digits (48 bits). (2) Subscripts may be integer constants, integer variables, integer functions, or any fixed point arithmetic expressions. (3) BUFFER statements allocate areas for the buffered reading or writing of one block on magnetic tape from sequential core storage locations, allowing tape/computation overlap. (5) Two card readers, two card punches, and two printers can be referenced separately by the READ, PUNCH, and PRINT statements. (6) Assembly code instructions can be interspersed. .15 Data Entities Arrays: • Item: . . Extensions: (4) The statements IF (BOF), and IF (PARITY) permit tests for end-of-file conditions, and for parity errors. .24 Names .241 Simple name formation Alphabet: . • . • . Size: • . • • . • . Avoid key words:. Formation rule: Publication Date:. . . . 1960, as algebraic compiler. © 1963 subroutines and functions. statements. statements. characters; . blanks are ignored. by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated A to Z, 0 to 9. 1 to 6 char. no. first char must be letter. do not use final F if name is more than 3 char long. 2/63 502: 161.242' ' § HONEYWELL 800 161. .242 Designators Procedures' Statement label: Function label: . .~ Subroutine label: 'Data . Integer variables: Floating point variables: . Equipment Card: . . . . Magnetic tape: Printer: • • . . Comments: . . . Translator control: .25 ....... initial I, ], K, L, M, N. any other initial letter . implied by verbs READ, PUNCH. use key word TAPE, or READ, WRITE. implied by verb PRINT. C in col. 1 of statement. key words EQUIVALENCE, COMMON. Structure of Data Names .251 Qualified names:. . .252 Subscripts Number per item: Applicable to: Class may be Special index variable: Any variable:. Literal: . • . Expression: .. Form may be. , Intege'r only: Signed: ••. Truncated fraction: Rounded fraction: . 253 Synonyms Preset: .. .... Dynamically set: . . 26 unsigned integer. same as variable being defined. none. o to 3. all variables • no. only integers. yes; only integers. any integer expression or function. yes. no. no. no . EQUIVALENCE statement causes sharing of storage locations. no. Number of Names Region of Meaning of Names: . . . . . . . DATA DESCRIPTION FACILITIES · 31 Methods of Direct Data Description .311 · 312 · 313 .314 .315 · 316 .317 · 318 .319 Concise item picture: List by kind: . . . . . Qualify by adjective: . Qualify by phrase: . Qualify by code: . . Hierarchy by list: • Level by indenting: Level by coding: . . Others Array size:. . . . Four-digit integer:. Four-digit integers,S: Floating point items:. FORMAT statement only. no. no. no. first letter of name. no . no. no. .32 Files and Reels: . . own coding. .33 Records and Blocks .331 Variable record size: .332 Variable block size: . none. .261 All entities: . . • . . • no .practicallimit. • 262 Procedures Numbered statements: . FSubrOt~tines: . }no practical limit. unc Ions: • Others: • ~ 263 Data no limit. Files: .• no practical limit. Record formats: Items: . • . no practical limit. • 264 Equipment Tape units: • 64. Card readers: 2. 2. Card punches: Printers: . . . 1. .27 .3 . 333 Record size range: .334 Block size READ TAPE, WRITE TAPE: READ INPUT TAPE, WRITE OUTPUT TAPE: . . . . . no limit (binary format). Data Items by name. .341 Designation of class: .342 Possible classes yes. Integer: . • . . no . Fixed point: . yes. Floating point: yes. Logical: . . . yes. Alphameric: . .343 Choice of external radix:. . . . . . . FORMAT statement • • 344 Possible external radices Decimal: • . . . .. yes. Octal:. . . . . . .• yes. alpha automatic left justi.345 Internal justification: fied. integers automatic right justified. · 346 Choice of external code: FORMAT statement and READ, WRITE statement. " ! 2/63 dynamic. specified in BUFFER statement • 1 to N blocks. up to 120 characters (BCD format). READ PUNCH:. 80 columns. PRINT: . . . • . 120 characters. .335 Choice of record size:. READ, WRITE statement. .336 Choice of block size: fixed for READ, PUNCH; READ INPUT TAPE and WRITE OUTpr~ TAPE . variable and determiv'd by statement and data itself for READ TAPE, WRITE TAPE • own coding. • 33l Sequence control: . . own coding, using IF · 338 In -out error control: clauses . none; lor more full blocks' .339 Blocking control:. per logical record . .34 all names are local to the program, subroutine, or function in which they are defined unless specified explicitly or by block name in COMMON statement. DIMENSION (4, 7). FORMAT (14). FORMAT (514). FORMAT (F8.3, E10. 4) for +999.999 and +.0000E+99. I. . A-U-ER-BA-CH-,@ 502: 161.347 PROCESS ORIENTED LANGUAGE: AUTOMATH-800 161. _347 Possible external codes Decimal: . Octal: . Hollerith: .• Alphameric: · 348 Internal item size Variable size: Designation: •• Range Fixed point numeric: Floating point numeric: Alphameric: .411 § . 349 Sign provision: . • 35 yes. yes. yes. yes. fixed. none. fixed, 1 word. fixed, 1 word. fixed, 1 word of up to 8 characters . optional. Data Values none. 10- 77 to 10+76• 120 characters. 16 octal digits. yes. optional. Boolean constants cannot be written as literals; otherwise same as constants. • 353 Figuratives: • _ . • . • own coding; e. g., TEN = 10.0. .354 Conditional variables:. computed GO TO. Special Description Facilities .361 Duplicate format: . 362 Re-definition: . . • 363 Table description Subscription: . . Multi - subscripts: Level of item: . . • 364 Other subscriptible entities: • . . • • by mUltiple references to a single FORMAT statement. COMMON statement. EQUIVALENCE statement. mandatory, in DIMENSION statement. 1 to 3. variables. .4 OPERATION REPERTOIRE . 41 Formulae . 411 Operator List +:. *. I: . **. =: . . . . . . ABSF ( )t:. INTE ( )t: .. MODF (A, B)t: .• MAXOF (A, ... )t: . MAXIF (A, ... )t: MINOF (A, ••• )t: MINIF (A, ... )t:. Mixed radices: . Literals: • . • • addition, also unary. subtraction, also unary. multiplication. division. exponentiation. is set equal to. absolute value. entire. remainder A .;. B. max value; fixed argument. max value; floating argument. min value; fixed argument •. min value; floating argument. © 1963 numeric only. yes. only in exponentiation and functions. no. yes. .413 Statement structure Parentheses a - b - c means: a + b x c means: abb/c means: • a c means: . . (a-b) - c. a + (b x c). (a';' b)';' c. illegal; parentheses must be used. Size limit: • . . 660 char. Multi -results: no . . 414 Rounding of results: . truncation of integers at each step in expression. .415 Special cases Fixed Floating x = -x: . . K = -K X = -X. x=x+1: . , K=K+1 X=X+l. x = 4. 7 Y:. . . K = 47*K/1O X = 4. 7 * Y. x = 5x107 +y2: 50000000+L**2 X = 5. E7 +Y**2 . x = I y I: . .. K = XABSF(L) X = ABSF(y). X = INTF(Y). x = entire (3.5): K = XINTF(L) .416 Typical examples: " X = (-B+SQRTF(B*B-4. 0* A *C»/(2. 0* A). .42 Operations on Arrays .421 Matrix operations: . .422 Logical operations Sizes of operands: AND: •••• Inclusive OR: • Exclusive OR: NOT: . . . . Designation: none. diminish A by B. transfer sign of A to B. float an integer. fix floating point variable. natural log. sine. cosine. exponential. square root. arctangent. hyperbolic tangent. exclusive OR. t denotes function may have prefix X to denote fixed point result . .412 Operands allowed Classes: . . . . Mixed scaling: . Mixed classes: . · 351 Constants Possible sizes Integer: .•• Fixed point: . Floating point: Alphameric: Boolean: • . • . Subscriptible: _ Sign provision: • _352 Literals: _ . . . . • 36 Operator List (Contd.) DIMF (A,B)t: SIGNF (A,B)t: . FLOATF ( ): XFIXF ( ):. LOGF ( ): SINF ( ): .• COSF ( ): EXPF ( ): SQRTF ( ): ATANF ( ): TANHF ( ): EXCLORF (A,B): . 423 Scanning:. • • • • • none. 48 bits. * + EXCLORF . B in col. 1 of each Boolean statement, or use of EXCLORF. none. .43 Other Computation: 44 Data Movement and Format . 441 .442 .443 • 444 Data copy example: Levels possible: . . Multiple results:. . Missing operands: . by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorpprated subprograms in FORTRAN, or a restricted ARGUS may reference one another. Y=X • items. none . not possible. 2/63 502: 161.445 HONEYWELL 800 16l. .445 Size of ,operands Exact match: . . . 513 Switch: • • . . . . GO TO M, or GO TO M, (35, 47, 18). implied, except for alpha or input-output. . 514 Setting a switch: . • 515 Switch on data: •. ASSIGN 35 to M. GO TO (35, 47, 18) 1. right justified or normalized. left justified. .52 § Alignment rule Numbers: . Alpha: .•• Filler rule Numbers: . Alpha: .•• Truncating rule Numbers': . . . Alpha: . . . . . Variable size destination: zeros. blanks. truncate at left. truncate at right. .523 .. ... .45 .521 Designators Condition: Procedure: • 522 Simple conditions: . no. .446 Editing possible Change clas s : Change radix: Insert editing symbols Actual point: Suppress zeroes: . Insert: Float: . . . . . . .448 SpeCial moves:. . • . .449 Character manipUlation: yes. yes. automatic. automatic. automatic point. - sign only. none. none. • 524 .525 . 528 File Manipulation Open: . . . . . . . own coding. Close: .......... own coding. Advance to next record: READ, WRITE, PUNCH, PRINT. Step back a record: BACKSPACE. none. Set restart point: none. Restart: .. .. .. Start new reel: . own coding. Start new block: implied in each inputoutput statement. Search on key: . none. Rewind: REWIND. Unload: . .. .. .. none . Conditional Procedures .53 IF. implied. expression or variable versus zero. Conditional relations: IF (A) n1, n2, n3: If value of expression A is less than, equal to, or greater than zero, respectively, go to statement n1, n2, or n3. Variable conditions: . . expression always against zero. Compound conditionals: no. Typical examples: . . . IF (X**2.0 -3.0) 29, 37, 18; go to 29, 37, or 18 if x 2-3 is respectively less than, equal to or greater than zero. Subroutines .531 Designation Single statement: . not possible Set of statements SUBROUfINE. First: • . . . . Last: ............ END. '.532 Use in-line in program: no. .534 Mechanism Cue with parameters: CALL XXX (X, Y, Z). Number of parameters: no limit. Cue without parameters: CALL XXX. Operating Communication RETURN at least once . Formal return: . . • Alternative return:. none. Log of progress:. • . . PRINT uses on-line printer. .535 Names Messages to operator:. same as log (error mesParameter call by sages are automatically none. value: . • . . • • typed on console Parameter call by typewriter). name: . . . . . yes. Offer options: .......... PAUSE and type octal Non-local names: use COMMON. integer. Local names: . all. PRINT message and PAUSE. Preserved own Accept option: .. IF SENSE SWITCH n. all. variables:. . .536 Nesting limit: none. Object Program Errors ' .537 Automatic recursion Special allowed: .. .. .. .. .. .. no . Error Discovery Actions IF ACCUMULAown coding. Overflow TOR OVERFLOW In-out own coding. .54 Function Definition b;t Procedure IF PARITY Invalid data format checks own COding. .541 Designation I/O device bring none. Single statement:. same as set. Set of statements FUNCTION. PROCEDURE SEQUENCE CONTROL First: . . • . . • Last: ............ END. any number of statements. .542 Level of procedure: Jumps .543 Mechanism by name in expression. .. ........ Destinations allowed: statement. Cue: Unconditional jump: . Formal return:. RETURN. GO TO N. . . • 46 .461 .462 .463 • 464 .47 .5 .51 .511 . 512 2/63 ... . ... / 502: 161.544 PROCESS ORIENTED LANGUAGE: AUTOMATH-800 § 16l. .544 Names Parameter call by value: . . . . . . Parameter call by name: . . . . . • Non -local names: Local names: . Preserved own variables:. . • 55 .56 Operand Definition by Procedure: • 75 none. yes. use COMMON. all. all. Loop Control • 562 Control by count: . 563 Control by step Parameter Special index: . Any variable: . Step: Criteria: . . . . . . Multiple parameters: • 564 Control by condition:. .565 Control by list: . 566 Nesting limit: .. ... .. .567 Jump out allowed: . 568 Control variable exit status: . . .8 TRANSLATOR CONTROL .81 Transfer to Another Language: . . . • . · 82 no. integer only. positive integers . greater than. no . no. no . limit specific to each translator. yes • available. .7 LffiRARY FACILITIES • 71 Identity: . . . . . . CPT (Collector Programs Tape). Kinds of Libraries .721 Fixed master: . . . • 722 Expandable master: no. yes . • 73 magnetic tape; variable length blocks in relocatable binary format. • 74 Types of Routines current place to named end; e. g., DO 173 I = 1, N, 2. none . EXTENSION OF THE LANGUAGE: . • . . . can write new function in library. Storage Form: • .76 none. .6 • 72 · 751 Insertion of new item: . separate run, using AUTOMATH update phase. .752 Language of new item:. FORTRAN, hand coding, or FORTRAN -ARGUS. named in procedures. .753 Method of call:. • .761 Open routines exist: . • yes . . 762 Closed routines exist:. yes . .763 Open-closed is variable: each case is pre-decided. . . none. .561 Designation of loop Single procedure: First and last procedures:. . . Mechanism Varieties of Contents:. subroutines. functions. service routines; compiled object programs. © 1963 some ARGUS assembler statements can be interspersed with FORTRAN statements. They are distinguished by an "A" punched in col. l. Optimizing Information Statements · 821 Process usage statements:. . . . . . none. .822 Data usage statements: COMMON. EQUIVALENCE. .83 .84 Translator Envirorunent: . . . . no. Target Computer Environment:. • no. • 85 Program Documentation Control: . . . . . . . no. .9 TARGET COM:PUTER ALLOCATION CONTROL • 91 Choice of Storage Level: no . .92 Address Allocation: . . none . .93 Arrangement of Items in Words iIi Unpacked Form: . . . . . . . . standard for numerics . .94 Assignment of lnputOutput Devices: . , · 95 specified in input-output statements • Input-Output Areas: . . BUFFER statements allocate the amount of storage to be used for I/O purposes. by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated 2/63 502: 162.1 00 .SIANOARO _EDP .,-, Honeywell 800 Process Oriented Language FACT REPORTS PROCESS ORIENTED LANGUAGE: FACT § 162. .1 GENERAL .11 Identity: · FACT Language. . 12 Origin: · Honeywell EDP . .13 Reference: · FACT Manual, Interim Edition, January, 1961. .14 Description .2 PROGRAM STRUCTURE .21 Divisions File Outline: .' . describes the layout of each file and its contents. Program: . . . contains the description of the procedures to be executed. Report Writer: . describes the format of the desired report in semi-pictorial form, including its own file descriptions . Input Editing: . . . . . defines the input code to be accepted and the action to be taken if incorrect codes are received. Sorting: . . . . . . . defines the files to be sorted, and their relationship; includes provisions for first and last pass own coding. FACT, is a system for maintaining and servicing magnetic tape files. These files can be, but are not necessarily, "hierarchical" in the sense that all items on the file have pre-set "levels". When any particular item is being handled, all items senior to it are available for reference. Thus, while a salesman's record is being updated, the area, regional, and national records are also available for reference, although they may be physically far apart on a magnetic tape. Four separate cycles of process are possible in the system and generally separate facilities are provided for each in the language: .22 Procedure Entities Procedure: 1. Input Editing 2. File Updating 3. File Sorting 4. Report Preparation Paragraphs: Each of these has its own rules; for instance, the Report Writer allows for description to be given by picture, whereas this is not possible in the other types. The procedures in the language are written in a COBOL-like English Language system, and formulae may be employed in expressions if desired. Conditional statements (IF MANAGERIAL THEN . . .) are allowed, and any group of conditions may be defined and labeled (ELIGIDLE, OFFICER AND AGE LESS' THAN 30) A characteristic of Input Editing and Report Preparation is that a number of different files or Reports can be created from a single input. Thus, an output tape which will hold the details for several reports can be created during a production run. Sentences:. . Subroutines: .23 Data Entities File: . . . . Primary group: Secondary groups: The Sort facility allows sorting to take place while retaining the "hierarchical" structure of the file. Own coding.section can be inserted, in the FACT language, either before or after a sort process. Standard FACT File conventions are used throughout the system. Housekeeping chores, including label creation and checking, code conversions, etc., are handled automatically. © 1963 · consists of other procedures and paragraphs. · consists of sentences, perhaps arranged in subparagraphs. If so, a hierarchial arrangement is used, so that a paragraph at any one moment consists of the paragraph header plus the CURRENT sub-paragraph (sons, grandsons, etc.). · words, perhaps arranged in clauses. · any namable entity above (Le., procedure, paragraph, or sentence). Fields: . . Hierarchy: Group header: Group level: . by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated · groups. · primary groups and fields. · primary groups, secondary groups, and fields. · characters. · one group header from each group level within the hierarchy. · fields. · the relationship of a header within a group; e. g. , Father and Son. 2/63 502: 162.240 § HONEYWELL 800 162. .24 Names .241 Simple name formation Alphabet: Size: Avoid key words: Formation rules: .242 Designators Data Numeric literals: Non-numeric literals: .25 .272 Local names (Contd. ) Possible entities (Contd. ) assign statement. Designator: original designation. Definition: · A-Z, 0-9. · 61 characters. · yes. • leading character must be alphabetic. · numeric leading character. · quotes or two dots enclosing character. Structure of Data Names .3 DATA DESCRIPTION FACILITIES .31 .313 .314 · 315 .316 .317 .318 Methods of Direct Data Description Input Tape Files Reports Concise item picture: no no yes. List by kind: . . .. no no no. Input t Files tt Reports ttt Qualify by adjective: no no no Qualify by phrase: . no yes Qualify by code: . • yes Hierarchy by list: yes yes yes Level by indenting:. no yes Level by coding: no .32 Files and Reels .311 .312 .251 Qualified names Example: · MASTER TOTAL Multiple qualifiers: . · yes. Complete sequence: . · optional. Broken sequence: . · yes. .252 Subscripts Number per item: .3. Applicable to: · fields occuring a fixed (preset) number of times in their father group. Class may be Special index variable: · not necessary . Any variable: · yes. Literal: · yes. Expression: · no. Form maybe Integer only: · yes. Signed: · no. Truncated fraction: · no. Rounded fraction: . · no. .253 Synonyms Preset: · yes. Dynamically set: · yes. · 321 File labels Variable layout: Control totals: Identity control: Multi-reel: . . . · 322 Reel labels Variable layout: Block count: .. Multi-files: .26 · 34 Number of Names .261 All entities: .262 Procedures: . 263 Data Files: Record formats: Items: Data levels: .264 Equipment: . 27 · max of 64. · no limit. · no limit. · no limit. · 'l Region of Meaning of Names .271 Universal names: . 272 Local names Possible .entities Data fields: 2/63 · no limit. · no limit. · all, unless dynamically reset during execution of program . .. can be assigned new names, and both fields are altered each time the new name is used in a procedure. The new name can then be reassigned. This is used primarily for subroutines. · 33 no no yes yes no no yes yes no. no. no. yes. no optional" yes no yes yes no. no. yes. yes yes no. yes. Records and Blocks .331 Variable record size: . . . . . no .332 Variable block size: yes · 333 Record size range (in words): .. · 334 Block size range (in words): .. 11 to 104 · 335 Choice of record size:. .. . .. .336 Choice of block size: . . . . . . . description .338 In-out error control: description own coding .339 Blocking control: · 346 Choice of code: tt ttt 24 to 251 16 to 124. automatic automatic automatic subroutine own coding awn coding. description description description. yes yes no yes yes yes yes no yes yes yes. ·yes. no. yes. yes. code code code • Data Items .341 Designation of class: .. .342 Possible classes Integer: Fixed point: Floating point: Alphabetic: .. Alphameric: .343 Choice of external radix: • . • . . · 344 Possible radices Decimal: Hexadecimal: .345 Justification: t 2 to 251 yes. cannot be used arithmetically. description automatic description description description. Described in Input Editing Section of the source language. Described in File Outline Section of the source language. Described in Report Writing Section of the source language. 502: 162.347 PROCESS ORIENTED LANGUAGE: FACT § 162. .347 Possible codes: Mode Code Legal Characters Hollerith HI Any of the 64 legitimate keypunch combinations Standard Hollerith SH 1 Standard keypunch characters, fO, and -0 Alphabetic or Single Punch Alphanumeric Alphabetic Numeric or Zone ASI A-Z, 0-9, 11, or 12 ANI Al A-z or 0-9 NZI A-Z 0-9, 11, or 12 Numeric Hollerith Zone Punch Octal NH1 Zpl oel, 5,6 0-9 11 or 12 0-7 Signed Decimal D2, 7 0-9 Unsigned Decimal Unsigned Decimal with Check Digit Single Punch Decimal 003,7 0-9 CD3,7 0-9 Sp4,7 0-9, 11, or 12 Hexadecimal HX5 ,8 0-9 or B-G .348 Item size Variable size: Designation: Range Fixed point numeric: Floating point numeric: Alphameric: .349 Sign provision: .35 Designation: . . .353 Figuratives Examples: .354 Conditional variables: . . . . 2. A decimal field may contain up to 11 digits and sign. The length of such a field is the number of digits, not including the sign. 3. An unsigned decimal field or a check decimal field may contain up to 12 digits, including the check digit if used. 4. The SP mode is limited to single-column fields. . The field is converted as an unsigned decimal field of length two and scale zero. Punches 1-9 become 01-09, a zero punch becomes 10, an 11 punch becomes 11, and a 12 punch becomes 12. 5. A hexadecimal or octal field may be up to 12 hex digits or 16 octal digits. 6. An octal field is forced by the compiler to have an even number of digits by prefixing a zero if necessary. Thereafter, each digit pair is treated as a six- bit Hollerith character. 7. Four-bit modes. 8. A field in this mode cannot be used in arithmetic. © 1963 not available. 999 characters. optional. 12 digits unsigned 11 digits signed. in description of Report Writer; otherwise within quotes or dots. Blank, all cardinal and ordinal numbers; e.g., NINE MILLION EIGHT HUNDRED SEVENTY THOUSAND SIXTY FIVE; TWENTY FIRST; 21ST. yes; symbolic labels allowed. Special Description Facilities .361 Duplicate format: . .362 Re-definition: Notes 1. Each of these modes is a subset of six-bit Hollerith. These modes may be intermixed to form a single field. The different classifications of six-bit Hollerith are used only for input checking. After cards are read, the distinction between these modes is ignored and all are considered to be Hollerith. 11 digits signed. Data Values .352 Literals Possible sizes: . .36 preset. description. .363 Table description Subscription: . . Multi - subscripts: Level of item: .364 Other subscriptible entities: . . . . yes; at file level. yes, by defining as another hierarchy. Can be done at any level. Area sizes need not match. yes. up to 3, e.g. (P)TH HOUR OF (Q) TH DAY OF MONTH. any group level. none. .4 OPERATION REPERTOIRE .41 Formulae These can be only used as expressions within the English language statement. .411 Operator list + / .412 Operands allowed Classes: . . . Mixed scaling: Mixed classes: Mixed radices: Literals: . . Figuratives: by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated numeric. yes, in fixed point operation. no. no. yes. yes. 2/63 HONEYWELL 800 502:162.413 § 162. .413 Statement structure Parentheses a - b - c means: a + b x c means: a / b / c means: abc means: Size limit: . . . • Multi-results: . . .414 Rounding of results: • 415 Special cases x= -x: . . . . . x=x+l: x= 4.7 y: . . . x = 5 x 107 + y2: x = y integer part: . .42 .43 .431 .432 . 433 . 434 •435 .436 .443 Multiple results: • . 444 Missing operands: (a - b) .- c a + (b x c) (a/b)/c not available. 11 digit numeric. yes. .445 Size of operands Numbers: Alpha: •• Filler rule Numbers:. Alpha: .• Truncating rule Numbers: Data Movement and Format .441 Data copy example: .442 Levels possible: . 2/63 decimal point aligned. left justified. zeroes. blanks . decimal points aligned, then SET X = 0 - X truncated at left, optionSET X = X+ 1 ally rounded or truncated SET X = 47 * Y/lO at right. SET X = 50000000 + Y * Y. SET X = Y/lO*n; MAX Alpha: . . . . • . truncated at right. where n is the number of .446 Editing possible positions Y possesses (in Report Writer) to the right of the decimal point. Change class: . . . . no Change radix: . .• . no Operations on Arrays: . none. Delete editing symboIs: • • • . . . . no Other Computation Insert editing symbols Actual point: . yes Operator list Suppress zeroes: . yes. PLUS: Insert: • yes. ADD: Float: . yes. SUBTRACT: .447 Special moves. LESS: Move Corresponding with MULTIPLIED BY: Exceptions: . PUT A INTO B EXCEPT J. TIMES: .448 Code translation: . no. DIVIDED BY: .449 Character manipulaOVER: tion: . . . . . . • yes; any single character EQUALS: can be addressed; groups IS EQUAL TO: of characters must be deOperands allowed fined before being adMixed scaling: . dressed. · yes. Mixed classes: . · yes. Mixed radices: • .45 File Manipulation · no. Literals: . . • yes. Restrictions: Open: . · fields must be wholly · implied by word GET for fixed point numeric. input; OPEN NEW or FILE . Statement Close: • CLOSE FILE for input; Mixed verbs: · yes within sentence, no CLOSE NEW for o.utput. Advance to next rewithin clause. Multi - results: cord: · GET NEXT (GROUP · yes. Size limits: . NAME). · 100 words per sentence if Step back a record: no group move. · not available on input files. REMOVE output Multi -operand: • yes. group name for output. Implied results: · yes. Set restart point: • .SETRESTART Rounding of results: • description . Restart: · assumed to be automatic . Special cases Start new reel: · END REEL PROCEDURE x = -x: • SET X = (-X). Start new block: · not available. x= x+l: ADD 1 TOX. Search on key: • FIND FILE (file name) x= x+y: ADDYTOX. [SEARCHING BACKWARDS]. x= x+y: DIVIDE X BY Y. Rewind: • REWIND, also included in MULTIPLY X BY Y. x= xy: . x = remainder xfy: LOCK. not available. Typical cases Unload: . • LOCK. b=b+ai.. ADD A TO B AND C. c=c+aJ:. .46 Operatin~ Communication c=c+a+b: ADD A ANDBTO C. .461 Log of progress: • . 44 yes. REPLACE A AND B BY C • REPLACE (SECONDARY GROUP A) BY (SECONDARY GROUP B). PUT A INTOB. any group level. ,.462 Messages to operator: •.463 Offer options: .464 Accept option: segment names listed on console as each is loaded • none, unless programmed • own coding only• entry from console typewriter. PROCESS ORIENTED LANGUAGE: FACT § 502: 162.470 162. .47 Object Program Errors Error Overflow: In-out: Invalid data: .5 Special Actions Discovery object program check. automatic own coding. use of IF VALID or IF NO UNCHECKED VALIDITY ERROR orthotronic correction routine, or abort. own coding. PROCEDURE SEQUENCE CONTROL . 51 .523 Conditional relations (Contd.) Less than or equal: • • . . . . . IS LESS THAN OR EQUALS negated conditions are obtained by replacing IF, by UNLESS, or by inserting NOT, and replacing OR with NOR at the appropriate positions. .524 Variable conditions: . none. .525 Compound conditionals IF X AND Y: . . yes. IF X OR Y: • • • yes. IF XDO A AND Y DO B: . . . . •. • all conditions must be explicit when separated by imperative sentences. Thus phrasing would be IF X DO A, IF X AND Y DOB . IF X 00 A AND B, OTHERWISE. IF Y DO B . .527 Condition on alternative: . . . . . · yes .528 Typical examples: . . · IF X IS 1 OR 6 OR 9 OR GREATER THAN 25 GO TOA. IF X OF (N)TH Primarygroup IS Y PUT 1 INTO X OF (N)TH Primary-group. IF X IS Y PLUS Z MINUS 1 PUT X INTO Y• OTHERWISE PUT X INTO .511 Destinations allowed: . · paragraph, procedure, subroutine. .512 Unconditional jump: · implied by END OF (name) PROCEDURE. DO PROCEDURE (name) LEAVE PROCEDURE GO TO .513 Switch: . • . . · none. . 514 Setting a switch: · none. .515 Switch on data: · IF name GREATER WAN literal USE BRANCH WITH' field, 1st para., 2nd para. .53' .52 Conditional Procedures . 521 Designators Condition: Procedure: .522 Simple Conditions Expression v Expression: Expression v Variable: . Expression v Literal: Expression v Figurative: Expression v Condition: Variable v Variable: . Variable v Literal: Variable v Figurative: Variable v Condi"tion: Conditional value: • 523 Conditional relations Equal: Greater than: Less than: . Greater than or equal: · IF .... ; UNLESS · implied, with OTHERWISE option. .531 Designation Single statement: Set of statements First: Last: .532 .533 · yes. .534 · yes. · yes. · yes. .no. • yes. · yes. .535 · yes. · no. · yes . · EQUALS, IS EQUAL TO, =, IS · IS GREATER THAN • IS LESS THAN · IS GREATER THAN OR EQUALS © 1963 Z. Subroutines .536 .537 · yes . · named statement · determined within subroutine coding. Possible subroutines: . · procedure, paragraph, subparagraph. Use in-line in program: · yes. Mechanism Cue with parameters: · yes, all parameters must be. Number of parameters: · dynamically assigned local names. Cue Without parameter: . · no. Formal return: . · not necessary . Alternative return: .GOTO. Names Parameter call by value: · indirectly. Parameter call by name: · yes. Non-local names: . · no. Local names: · yes. Preserved local variables: · no. Nesting limit: · none. Automatic recursion allowed: · no ('l) by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated 2/63 HONEYWELL 800 502:162.540 § 162. .54 .55 .56 .82 Function Definition b1 Procedure: . · none. 0Eerand Definition b1 Procedure: . .821 Process usage statements: · none. Loop Control .822 Data usage statements: .83 .561 Designation of loop Single procedure: . First and last procedures: • DO PROCEDURE A · all procedures must be quoted. · no. · no. .562 Control by count: . 563 Control by step: .564 Control by condi.565 .566 .567 .568 .6 .7 tion: Control by list: Nesting limit: Jump out allowed: Control variable exit status: · indefinite. EXTENSION OF THE LANGUAGE: . none. LffiRARY FACILITIES: . • . · no. · no. · indefinite. · no. .84 .85 TRANSLATOR CONTROL . 81 Transfer to Another Language: . . . . . . no. · none. · none. Translator Environment: · none. Target Computer Environment: '. none. Program Documentation: • none . .9 TARGET COMPUTER ALLOCATION CONTROL .91 Choice of Storage Level: · none . .92 Address Allocation: · none. .93 Arrangement of Items in Words in Unpacked Form: · description. .94 Assignment of InputOutput Devices: · description. Input-Output Areas: · ('1) . . none. .8 2/63 Optimizing: Information Statements .95 502: 163.100, Honeywell 80G Process Oriented Language COBOL PROCESS ORIENTED LANGUAGE: COBOL § 163. .14 .1 GENERAL • 11 Identity: H-SOO COBOL. . 12 Origin:. Codasy! Committee • . 13 Reference: • Introduction to COBOL. Honeywell EDP Document DSII2S. .14 Description The COBOL compiler for the H-SOO is due to be released during the third quarter of 1963. Presently available information indicates that it will contain all Description (Contd.) of Required COBOL-61. In addition, the H-SOO compiler will implement some electives and an interesting extension which allows the value of an item in a record to determine which of a number of record types on one file is presently being processed • The extensions. which are listed below. primarily allow free handling of input-output devices and the central processor rather than enriching the language. Thus, rerutming procedures and rewinding WITH LOCK have been implemented, but formulae are not available. Other electives allow COBOL programmers to enter the ARGUS assembly language. COBOL-61 ELECTIVES TO BE IMPLEMENTED IN H-SOO COBOL Key No. Elective Comments Characters and Words Formula" characters Semicolon Figurative Constants Figurative Constants Computer-name +, -, *, I, * *, -. ;, always ignored. HIGH-BOUND (S); LOW-BOUND (S). HIGH-VALUE (S); LOW-VALUE (S). labels data-description. File Description Clauses mock-size FILE CONTAINS Label formats Sequenced-on allows a range to be specified. indicates approximate file size. allows new or library formats. gives a list of keys. Record Description Clauses/options Bit usage RANGE IS RENAMES SIGN IS Conditional- range Label-handling allows items to be specified in binary. gives value range of item or character. controls storage allocation. allows separate signs. allows a conditional-value to be a range. provides free handling of labels. *23 *25 26 Verbs -COMPUTE DEFINE INCLUDE USE algebraic formula. new verb definition. calls library routines. amplifies 1-0 error and labelling routines. 27 28 *29 *30 32 34 35 36 3S 39 Verb Options LOCK MOVE CORRESPONDING OPEN REVERSED ADVANCING paper Formulas Relationship Tests Conditionals Complex conditionals ON SIZE ERROR I 3 5 6 7 S 9 10 11 15 16 *17 *IS 20 21 22 © 1963 locks rewound tapes. moves and edits relevent records. allows reading tapes backwards. gives specific paper advance. algebraic formulae. IS UNEQUAL TO, EQUALS, and EXCEEDS. IF I ) IS NOT ZERO. implied objects with implied subjects. provides extension of error routines. by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated 4/63 502:163.140 § HONEYWELL 800 163. COBOL-61 ELECTIVES TO BE IMPLEMENTED IN H-800 COBOL (Contd. ) Elective Key No. 40 41 42 43 45 46 47 *48 *49 Environment Division options SOURCE-COMPUTER OBJECT-COMPUTER SPECIAL NAMES File Description 1-0 Control 1-0 Control Identification Division DATE Special Features LmRARY SEGMENTATION Comments allows selective use of previous description. allows selective use of previous description. specifies for ACCEPT, WRITE, and DISPLAY. verbs. can be taken from library. can be taken from library. allows programmer control. gives compilation date. allows calls of library routines. * Will be deferred until 1964. COBOL-61 ELECTIVES NOT TO BE IMPLEMENTED IN H-800 COBOL Key No. Elective Comments Characters and Words Relationship characters Long literals =, > , < . up to 120 characters long only. File Descrietion Clauses: none. 13 14 19 Record Desngmtion Clauses/oEtions Table-Ie Item -length Item -length only fixed length tables and arrays. only fixed length items (see also 19). no variable length items allowed (See also 16.) 24 ~ER no Non-COBOL computer languages. 33 37 Verb Options Operand-size Compound conditions only up to 10 digits. no mixed ANns and ORs .allowed. 44 Environment Division Options PRIORITY is 2 4 Verbs 4/63 no priorities can be given for multiprogramming purposes. Identification Division none. Special Features none. 502: 171.100 .STANDARD_ II REPORTS EDP Honeywell 800 M. O. Language ARGUS MACHINE-ORIENTED LANGUAGE: ARGUS § 17l. .1 · 14 GENERAL Identity: ARGUS. . 12 Origin: . Minneapolis - Honeywell . .. 13 Reference: . Manual DSI - 23 C. .14 Description •• 11 Special control instructions are available to define symbolic tags. These definitions can be in terms of absolute or relative storage addresses, symbolic tags, or complex symbolic tags (e.g., indirect addresses). The definitions can also be allocated to the next available location modulo 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, or 64. Expressions can be used providing they contain no parentheses, and a form of local addressing is available. ARGUS is the basic machine oriented language for the H-800, and as such, it reflects the complexities of the H -800 addressing structure ~ Some instructions have been simplified; e.g., a left shift instruction is introduced which is converted to the appropriate right shift instruction in the translation. A library system is available controlling open and closed subroutines which can be called into the program by name and parameter list. The preparation of a library is a function of each installation. Segmentation of programs can be handled in the . 15 assembly, as can the formation of binary, decimal, alphameric, and floating point constants. Symbolic .2 names can be used, but automatic reservation of a location occurs only when the symbolic name is used.21 as a location address. Thus, working space, etc., Name Card Col Example .22 Location Command Code 11 I 10 22 123TAG DA SIC 23 X Publication Date:. . . . 1960. LANGUAGE FORMAT Diagram A Address 24 37 C,+2 B Address C Address 38 55 56 65 X7,TAG+2 N,R3,9 Remarks 66 80 Legend · 24 Location: . .241 Compound Addresses: . yes, the base can be an absolute or symbolic address; or the address contained in either of the sequence counters, or an index register. Augmenters can be literal, symbolic, or contained in index registers of indirect address locations . none. . 242 Multi Addresses: up to 2, 047, written in · 243 Literals:. decimal for use in binary. .244 Special Coded Addresses: C I the addresses in the X' JSequence and • Cosequence Counters. STOPPER highest address available • absolute or symbolic location for this line of cQding. Command Code: . . . . mnemonic instruction code. constant type code. assembly control codes. library pseudo code. A, B, or C Address:. . instruction operand address, literals. control parameters. constants, macro parameters. data descriptors. Remarks: . . . . . • . any comments; these do not. affect the assembly. Note: A special line containing remarks only can be used when R, or P, is in columns 1 and 2. • 23 Description (Contd.) must be rererenced twice: once in its place as an operand, and again to reserve a location for it. Corrections:...... no special provision in the language; control cards are available which incorporate amendments into an assembled program. © 1963 Special Conventions .3 LABELS .31 General .311 Maximum number of labels: . . . . . . . . unlimited. by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated 2/63 HONEYWELL 800 502:171.312 § 171. · 312 Common label fonnation rule:. . 313 Reserved labels:. . 314 Other restrictions: · 315 Designators F, tag: S, tag: B, tag: L, tag: z, tag: ALF, n: ALF, a: OCT: . DEC: . FXBIN: FLDEC: FLBIN: EBC: . · 316 Synonyms pennitted: · 32 yes. none. none. Mask to be used in field instructions. Mask to be used in shift instructions. Mask to be. used in field or shift instructions. Tag at start of subsequent segment. Special register address. alphabetic constant of n words. 1 ~ n .::: 5. alphabetic constant ending with next occurrenne of "a". "a" cannot be 0 through 5. octal constant or constants. decimal constant. binary constant written in decimal. floating point decimal constants .• floating point binary constants written in decimal. double precision, floating point binary constants written in decimal. yes. Universal Labels · 321 Labels for procedures Existence: . . • . Fonnulation rule First character: Last character: . Others: . . . Number of characters: .411 Maximum size constants Floating ninneric Decimal: . • . Octal: . • . • . Hexadecimal: . Alphabetic: . . . Alphameric: . . .412 Maximum size literals Integer Decimal: . • • . Fixed numeric:. . Floating numeric: Alphameric: • .42 10 digits. none . none . 29 characters. 29 characters. 4 digits. none. none. none. Working Areas .421 Data layout Implied by use:. Specified in program: .422 Data type: . . . . . · 423 Redefinition: . . . . · 43 (Contd.) yes. no. not required. yes. Input-Output Areas . 431 Data layout: .432 Data type: • .433 Copy layout: .5 PROCEDURES .51 Direct Operation Codes .511 Mnemonic Existence: Number: . Example: . optional. implicit . not required. no. yes. 67. DA PRICE AMTDUE AMTDUE. (Decimal Add: Price to Amount Due). alphabetic or numeric. alphabetic or numeric. alphabetic or numeric. .512 Absolute: . . . . . . . . not available in the language. .52 Macro-Codes 1 to 8; one must be alphabetic, spaces are ignored. .521 Number available .322 Labels for library routines: . . . . . . . . · 323 Labels for constants: .324 Labels for files.: . . . · 325 Labels for records: . · 326 Labels for variables: same as procedures. same as procedures. none as such. none as such. same as procedures. No central library; each installation may provide its own. • 523 New macros:. . . . . . can be written in program and optionally placed in library. · 33 none. · 53 Interludes:..... none. • 54 Translator Control Local Labels: . . . . .4 DATA · 41 Constants .541 Method of control Allocation counter:. Label adjustment: Annotation: . . . . . 542 Allocation counter Set to absolute: . Set to label: . Step forward: . . . 411 Maximum size constants Integer Digits Decimal: 12 digits. Octal: . . 16 digits. Binary: . 14 digits. Fixed numeric Decimal: 12 digits. Octal: . 16 digits. Binary: . 14 digits. Step backward: . Reserve area: • .543 Label adjustment Set labels equal: Set absolute value: . Clear label table: I !§J A-U-ER-BA-CH-_-:-' r-I 2/63 yes, detailed below .542. yes, detailed below .543 . yes, detailed below .544 . SETLOC. SETLOC, ASSIGN, TAS . SETLOC, RESERVE, MODLOC. SETLOC. RESERVE. SETLOC. SETLOC, EQUALS. none. MACHINE-ORIENTED LANGUAGE: ARGUS 171. · 544 Annotation Comment phrase: Title phrase: . . . 502: 171.544 . 662 Method of call: . § remarks field. R, or P, in cols 1 and 2. ·6 SPECIAL ROUTINES AVAILABLE .61 Special Arithmetic · 611 Facilities: • . . . . library of scientific subroutines multiply, divide. floating point package. . 612 Method of call:. . . . . macro in library or in program deck. library call . . 67 Diagnostics:.. snapshots specified before assembly; new snapshots require re-assembly. .7 LmRARY FACILITIES • 71 Identity: . . • • . . .72 Kinds of Libraries library . ,. . 721 Fixed master: . . . .722 Expandable master: .723 Private: . . . . no . yes. yes. Special Functions .73 Storage Form: . . . tape . . 621 Facilities: . . . . . 74 Varieties of Contents: . mathematic routines. generators. data processing packages. .75 Mechanism · 62 trig. functions. log. matrix. differential equations. statistics. .622 Method of call:. . . . . macro in library or in program deck. . 63 • 64 .... Overlay Control · 631 Facilities: . . . . 751 Insertion of new item: . standard updating program. .752 Language of new item: . ARGUS. .753 Method of call: . L, NAME in Command field. all programs divided by delimiter SEGMENT or PROGRAM into at least one segment. overlay calls must be written in programs, and all programs are held in abeyance while the overlay takes place. .76 Insertion in Program .761 Open routines exist: . yes. .762 Closed routines exist: . yes. .763 Open-closed is optional: yes. .8 MACRO AND PSEUDO TABLES .81 Macros Data Editing .641 Radix conversion: Code translation: • 642 Format control: . none provided. not necessary. not necessary. Open -ended library. .82 · 65 Input-Output Control · 651 '.652 • 653 • 654 . 655 File labels: Reel labels: Blocking: . . Error control: . Method of call:. • 66 Sorting Pseudos Code .661 Facilities: standard. standard. variable. standard . library call. forward cascade sorting (3 to 6 tapes) single, double, or extra precision. © SETLOC: . PROGRAM: . SEGMENT: . EQUALS: . . RESERVE: . MACRODEF: • FINIS: SCON: STOP:. 1963 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated Description . set location counter. :} controls segmentation . assigns values to labels. reserves storage. heads macro routine. ends macro routine. initialize sequence register for object program. exit from program to monitor. 2/63 . 502: 1B2.100 _STANDARD EDP • Honeywell BOO Program Trans Iafor COBOL-BOO REPORTS PROGRAM TRANSLATOR: COBOL-BOO § . 12 182. •1 GENERAL .11 Identity: . . . . . • . . COBOL-BOO. CB B-0002 Revision I. • 12 Description Although the COBOL-BOO translator has not yet been released, certain details regarding the translation process and the object program are available. The compilation process involves basically three phases: the first phase performs syntactic analyses of the source program; the second phase generates the object code; and the third phase assembles the generated code into a machine program. The Honeywell COBOL BOO System also includes two supporting runs that are optional. First, a pre-compiling run designed to maintain a master file of COBOL Source Programs and select those to be compiled. Second, an edit run that may be executed following all compilations for a particular computer run to print the source program listings and documentation for each program compiled. The machine program produced is able to run directlyon the H-800. The data and the instructions are kept separate to allow dynamic. relocation of the object program and thereby to improve overall production when multi -running is in progress. The © 1963 Description (Contd.) translating time is estimated at 50 to 75 statements per minute, with the aim of making the efficiency of the object program compare favorably with the efficiency of hand - coding • With the COBOL-800, the original programmer is able to specify binary or decimal arithmetic, and fixed-point or floating point mode, so that the advantages of these features of the H-800 system can be utilized. The original programmer can also specify, as is standard in COBOL, his data as being DISPLAY or COMPUTATIONAL. Numeric data fields may be specified to occupy four bits per character, and may be packed in a computer word in order to minimize the volume of files. Numeric data may also be specified synchronized in order to permit arithmetic operations to be performed with maximum efficiency. To make advantageous use of t;he different types of computational which are available requires considerable knowledge of the H-1BOO machine code, as produced by the translator. The compiling computer must have six tape units (any type), 8,192 words of storage, a card reader, and a printer. The object computer. must have one tape unit, but otherwise any H-800 system is acceptable. Details are not presently available for the handling of error conditions aiising during compilation or object program running. by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated 4/63 • - ,... 502:191.100 STANO,\RO 111 ElDlP Honeywell 800 Operating Environment "'ORIS ARGUS OPERATING ENVIRONMENT: ARGUS (PRODUCTION RUNNING) § .12 191. .. 1 GENERAL . 11 Identity: . . . . . . . . ARGUS. Automatic Routine Generating and Updating System. Program Selection Process (4) Schedule the runs, and prepare a special run program tape, operator documentation, etc., through the use of a special program. (5) Arrange the program input and output as called for in the schedule and set each program running. B. Executive Schedule Run. Executive Production Run. .12 The person functioning as scheduler therefore must decide how many independent "portions" the computing system must be split into for the duration of a run. He also must explicitly decide which programs should be run on which portion, and implicitly, by the order in which he provides details of these programs, the priority which should be given to each program. Description The ARGUS system is organized to run programs either serially or in parallel; however, many of the standard programs (including the ARGUS assembler) and all programs under test must run serially. After a program has been tested, it can be run in parallel with other programs. This section describes the method of running such programs. Based on this data the computer runs, establish which (if any) programs can be run concurrently in each "portion" of the computing system, produce operating documentation, and organize their loading and supervision as needed. It can be seen that the ability of the human scheduler to make the right decisions greatly affects the over-all efficiency of this production technique. The advantages to running in parallel under the ARGUS system are: o Sharing computer usage between programs, some of which are input-output bound. If a high-priority program has to be introduced into a production run which has already started, all programs must be brought to a halt and the priority program must be run by itself; then the production run can be restarted. o Overlapping set-up time with the running of other programs. The advantages not supplied by the present system which might be gained using multiprogramming are: During the actual running of a program or program mix, the supervisor routines take up no time, because the master program is switched off. When more programs or sectors of programs are needed, or when tape errors must be handled, etc., then the master program is activated, and all other programs are switched off. o The ability to run unexpected programs in parallel with, but not interfering with, the already operational work-load. (proposals are being studied which will allow some measure of this kind of operation. ) o The ability to optimize the use of storage and of peripheral devices automatically. o The ability to provide an accurate account of the amount of central processor time used by each individual program. (The peripherals assigned to the program are known, but the actual cost of running a specific program is not. ) Description (Contd.) • 14 Originator: . Honeywell EDP Division . .15 Maintainer: Honeywell EDP Division. .2 PROGRAM LOADING .21 Source of Programs The method adopted in the ARGUS system is: (1) Edit the program tapes onto a library tape through the use of a special program. (2) Divide, if desired, the computing system into two or more "portions, " allocating specific peripheral devices, control memory, and main storage to each portion. (3) Batch tape programs to be run by each "portion" in order of probable priority, observing also any necessary order. © 1963 .211 Programs from on-line libraries:. . . . . . . yes. The Master Relocatable Tape (MRT) consists of a library of all programs and subprograms presently available for production running . . 212 Independent programs: no. These must be incorporated into the MRT library before being used. by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated 2/63 502:191.213 § HONEYWELL 800 .44 191. from any input device under control of I/O routines located in each individual program. . 214 Master routines: . . . . Executive run supervisor, which loads programs, provides operator communication' restart facilities, and the orthocorrection routine. Errors, Checks and Action .213 Data: • • 22 Library subroutines: these will have been incorporated with the original program when it was placed on the Master Relocatable Tape during the Program Selection Process B run. Error Check or Interlock Loading input error: check Action onhotronic comction attempted • Allocation impOllsible: check in Schedule Run. In-out error: error signal transmitted along with data; or with next data from same I/O unit. Storage overflew: no check at run time. Invalid instructions: no check, behavior of system not specified for these cases. Program conflicts: Internal to specific check program: n. check. Between programs: check Arithmetic overflow: check Underflow: check Invalid address: Reference to absent check area: own coding. automatic transfer. autom atic uansfer. automatic transfer. automatic transfer• Loading Sequence: . . • controlled by data supplied automatic transfer. to the Executive during the Scheduling Run, which .45 Restarts . immediately precedes Production running. Any changes in priorities after .451 Establishing restart points: . . . . • . . established by calls written this involve operator inby programmer; all protervention, and normally grams must be restartany program brought forable on initiation. cibly to the top of the .452 Restarting process: . . either by program action, queue cannot be run in usually as a result of an parallel with any other error routine, or by opprograms. erator intervention. Programs can be restarted .24 Interpreter Input: . . . none. individually. A restart area large enough to hold .3 HARDWARE ALLOCATION all necessary data is held on the program tape for .31 Storage each active program . • 311 Sequencing of program .51 Dynamic: . . • not available during for movement between production runs. preset during scheduling levels: " " " " run using data produced in Program Selection Run. • 52 Post Mortem: . . . • . calls written into programmers own coding. .312 Occupation of dump of entire storage allocated in scheduling run. working storage: • originated by operator . . 32 Input-Output Units .6 OPERATOR CONTROL . 23 . .. . .321 Initial assignment: . .322 Alternation: . 323 Reassignment: • set by scheduler as input to :.61 Signals to Operator scheduling run; checked and supplemented if nec.611 Decision required essary in scheduling run. by operator: . own coding. own coding. .612 Action required by operator: . .4 RUNNING SUPERVISION .41 Simultaneous Working: yes, one unit physically connected to each channel can be operating. • 42 Multi-programming: . yes, unless special intervention has been programmed; one instruction is taken from each program in turn. .43 Multi-sequencing: . . . none. 2/63 standard or programmer provided print-outs • originated by a print-out on the console typewriter to provide, where necessary, cross referencing between: (a) Logical references; 1. e., Tape Unit C. D. (b) Physical references; i. e., Tape Unit 7. (c) Data references; i. e. , Reel 2 .of Inventory File. also, to distinguish between different programs. OPERATING ENVIRONMENT: ARGUS (PRODUCTION RUNNING) § 191. .613 Reporting progress of run: " " " . .. 502:191.613 .S PERFORMANCE .SI Sxstem Requirements log kept on console typewriter. .811 Minimum configuration: basic H-SOO with 4 tape units, card reader, and .62 Operator's Decisions: . manual actions by operator printer. as specified in - . .812 Usable extra facilities: any, provided that the apappropriate document. propriate checks are hand-programmed. .63 Operator's Signals • S13 Reserved equipment: 1 tape drive and 512 words of store, together with • 631 Inquiry: Print Special Registers . " " " program group O• .632 Change of normal progress: • . . . possibly, but normally .82 System Overhead causes any affected programs to be run singly. .821 Loading time Schedule: . . 1 to 4 minutes. Production: • 1 second for each program loaded. .822 Reloading frequency Schedule: •• each batch of programs to be scheduled. Production: . each production run. • 823 Other LOGGING To schedule, prepare a Master Relocatable Tape .7 ready for running and to set up the machine for a production run takes from 10 to 15 minutes . • 7i Operator Signals: recorded on console typewriter. .83 Program Space Available: " " " " C - 512, where C is the .72 Operator Decisions: . . actions recorded on volume of core storage in console typewriter. the system. . . .. .. .73 Run Progress: . . . . . start and end of each program recorded on console typewriter. • 74 Errors: • 75 Running Times: not available • .76 Multi -running: Status: available only by comparison of schedule documentations and console typewriter type-outs. " " " " .84 Program Loading Time: 2 to 4 minutes set-up per production run; + n seconds, where n is the number of times any program or segment is loaded from tape. .85 Program Performance: recorded by print-outs . © 1963 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated the operating system is turned off during production runs, and so has no overhead at this stage; 10 to 15 minutes. 2/63 II ~'NDAR' II 502:201.011 AtPORlS ED P Honeywell 800 System Performance HONEYWELL 800 SYSTEM PERFORMANCE © 1963 by Auerbach Carparatian and RNA Incarporated 4/63 502:201.012 HONEYWELL 800 HONEYWELL 800 SYSTEM PERFORMANCE WORKSHEET DATA TABLE 1 Configuration Worksheet Item Reference VI 1 Char/block Recorda/block msec/block 970 970 970 (File 1) 11 11 11 11 11 File 1 = File 2 39 22 14 22 14 File 3 92 92 75 7.7 6.7 File 4 107 107 107 &.7 7.7 K 3 = File 2 File 3 --- File 4 --= File 2 0.& 0.& 0.& File 3 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 File 4 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 msec/block al 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 maec/record a2 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 maec/detail b6 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 maec/work b5+ b9 2.05 2.05 2.05 2.05 2.05 maec/report b7+ b& 12.05 12.05 msec for al CP 0.7 &2 K 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 a3 K 199.1 199.1 199.1 199.1 199.1 File 1 Master In 0.& 0.& 0.& 0.& 0.& File 2 Master Out 0.& 0.& 0.& 0.& File 3 Details 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 File 4 Reports 1.1 1,177 1.1 1,177 1.1 20&.1 1,177 20&.1 1,177 20&.1 Standard Problem A F= 1.0 Unit of measure 12.05 CP 0.7 Printer Printer CP File 2 &4 0.7 CP 0.7 12.05 CP 0.7 File 4 21.7 0.& 0.1 1.1 95.7 1.1 95.7 1,177 20&. 117.4 20&.1 95.7 1,177 1,400 1,400 1,400 1,400 1,400 Fixed 200 200 200 200 200 3 (Blocks 1 to 23) 100 100 100 100 100 6 (Blocks 24 to 4&) 480 480 4&0 4&0 480 Filea 600 600 600 600 600 Working 100 100 100 100 100 2,8&0 2,8&0 2,&&0 2,&&0 2,880 4:200.1151 Totai 4/63 Printer (4&·bit word) Std. routine a t 12.05 4:200.1132 4:200.114 Totai Standard Problam A Space 4:200.112 0.& C.P. and dominant column. 4 --- 0.& maec penalty Central Processor Timea VIII B 970 File 1 2 VII B 970 File 1 maec/switch VIII A (File 1) t Input. Output Time. VII A Input/Output times aasume that the magnetic tapea paas over the Interblock gap at full speed. SYSTEM PERFORMANCE 502:201.013 HONEYWELL 800 SYSTEM PERFORMANCE (Contd.) WORKSHEET DATA TABLE 2 Configurotion Worksheet 5 Item Reference V VI input H-S23/II output VII A VIII A H-S23-2 H-S23-2 H-S27 H-S22-3 H-S22-3 H-S22-3 H-S27 input 1 SO col card 1 SO col card 1 SO col card 1 80 col card output 1 printed line 1 print ed line 1 printed line 1 printed line Fixed/Floating point Unit name Size of record Stondard Mathemati cal maec/block Problem A input Tl 92 92 92 75 output T2 67 67 67 67 input T3 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 output T4 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 maec/record T5 2S.0 28.0 2S.0 2S.0 maec/5 loops T6 92.0t 6.05 6.05 6.05 maee/report T7 34.0 34.0 34.0 34.0 H-804-3 H-S04-S H-S04-1 H-S04-4 4 . 4 <4 4:200.413 maec penalty 7 Unit name Size of block Standard Statistical Problem A Recorda/block B maee/block Tl 42 42 25 17 maec penalty TS 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 maec/block T5 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 maec/record T6 O.S O.S O.S O.S maec/table T7 O.S 0.3 0.3 0.3 4:200.512 C.P. t Uaing aimulated floating point option. © 1963 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated 4/63 502:201.100 Honeywell 800 System Performance SYSTEM PERFORMANCE § 201. .111 .1 GENERAliZED FILE PROCESSING .11 Standard File Problem A (Integrated Configuration) • 112 • 113 .111 Record Sizes Master File • 114 96 4- bit characters with 24 6-bit characters. Record Sizes (Contd.) Detail File: . . • Report File: . Computation: • Timing Basis: • . 1 card. 1 line. standard . using estimating procedure outlined in Users' Guide, 4:200.113. Graph: • . • • • • • • see graph below . 100.00 7 4 2 10.00 7 ~ ./ 4 Time in Minutes to Process 10,000 Master File Records /' - 1/ 2 1.00 ~I/ lilA /IIA / ~ ~c .f '..I 7 / 4 fI 2 ~' ~ ~C~--- ---- --- _CP'-- ~ '" / I;" // 0.1 0 V 7 4 2 0.01 .. 0.0 0.1 0.33 1.0 Activity Factor Average Number of Detail Records Per Master Record LEGEND ----CP-© 1963 Elapsed time Central Processor time (all configurations) by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated Revised 6/63 502:201.101 § HONEYWELL 800 201. • 112 Computation: .113 Timing Basis: .1 GENERALIZED FILE PROCESSING .11 Standard File Problem A (Paired Configuration) . 114 Graph: • • . . • . standard . using estimating procedure outlined in Users' Guide, 4:200.113 . see graph below • • 111 Record Sizes 94 4-bit characters with 24 6- bit characters. 1 card. IUne. Master File-: Detail File: Report File: 100.00 7 4 2 10.00 7 4 Time in Minutes to Process 10,000 Master File Records 2 VyB jIIB 1.00 J' 7 ~ / / 4 2 ------~ ./ ~ j,Q - f 0.1 0 7 4 2 0.01 0.0 0.1 1.0 0.33 Activity Factor Average Number of Detail Records Per Master Record LEGEND ----.CP-6/63 Revised Elapsed time Central Processor time (all configurations) 502:201.120 SYSTEM PERFORMANCE § 201. .12 .122 Computation: . 123 Timing Basis: Standard File Problem B (Integrated Configuration) . 121 Record Sizes Master File: • 48 4- bit characters with 12 6- bit characters. 1 card. 1 line. Detail File: . Report File: . standard . using estimating procedure outlined in Users' Guide, 4:200.12 • . 124 Graph: . . . . . • • . . see graph below . 100.od 7 4 2 10.0a 7 ~ ~ 4 Time in Minutes to Process 10, 000 Master File Records /' / 2 1.0a ~cp""- ~I/ vyA I 7 'I / 4 / ~ --------~ ... --- _cP~ - , -' II 1// 2 0.10 !vIllA 7 4 2 0.0 1 0.0 0.1 0.33 1.0 Activity Factor Average Number of Detail Records Per Master Record LEGEND Elapsed time - - CP-~ Central Processor time (all configurations) © 1963 by Auerbach Carparation and BNA Incorporated Revised 6/63 502:201.121 § HONEYWELL 800 201. .12 • 122 Computation: .123 Timing Basis: Standard File Problem B (Paired Configuration) • 121 Record Sizes Master File: • • . 124 Graph: . . • . standard • using estimating procedure outlined in Users' Guide, 4:200.12 • see graph below • 48 4- bit characters with 12 6- bit characters. 1 card. 1 line. Detail File: . Report File: • 10U.Uu 7 4 2 10.00 7 4 2 .... 1.00 -' 7 Time in Minutes to Process 10, 000 Master File Records v------ ------- / 1/ 4 '" VIIB~ ftf 2 I o If-VIIIB & CP 0.1 7 4 2 0.0 1 0.0 0.1 0.33 1.0 Activity Factor Average Number of Detail Records Per Master Record LEGEND ----cp-- 6/63, Revised Elapsed time GentrafProcessor time (all configurations) SYSTEM PERFORMANCE § 502:201.130 201. .13 • 132 Computation: .133 Timing Basis: Standard File Problem C (Integrated Configuration) . 131 Record Sizes Master File: standard. using estimating procedure outlined in Users' Guide, 4:200.13. • 134 Graph: . • . . . . . . • see graph below • 192 4-bit characters with 48 6-bit characters. 1 card. 1 line. Detail File: • Report File: 100.00 7 4 2 10.00 7 ~ / 4 Time in Minutes to Process 10, 000 Master File Records ./ - 1/ 2 1.00 WV II / .~ 7 I""'J 4 ~ ./ 1/ I" ~ ~CP-- IIA -- ____ cp- - - ",'" G~ /' ~r 1/ 2 0.1 0 7 4 2 0.0 1 0.0 0.1 0.33 1.0 Activity Factor Average Number of Detail Records Per Master Record LEGEND - Elapsed time - C P - - Central Processor time (all configurations) © 1963 by Auerbach Carporation and BNA Incorporated Revised 6/63 502:201.131 § HONEYWELL 800 201. . 13 .132 Computation: . 133 Timing Basis: Standard File Problem C (Paired Configuration) . 134 Graph: • • . . • 131 Record Sizes Master File: standard. using estimating procedure outlined in Users' Guide. 4:200.13 • see graph below • • 192 4-bit characters with 48 6- bit characters. .1 card. • 1 line. Detail File: • Report File: • 100.00 7 4 2 10.00 7 4 Time in Minutes to Process 10. 000 Master File Records 2 jHB VyB 1.00 ~ .L" 7 .MI' / / ~ --- -------- - -' ~ ~IIIB&CP 4 / tf 2 I 0.1 0 7 4 2 0.0 1 0.0 0.1 0.33 1.0 Activity Factor Average Number of Detail Records Per Master Record LEGEND - 6/63 Revised -CP- - Elapsed time Central Processor time (all configurations) SYSTEM PERFORMANCE § 502:201.140 . .142 Computation: .143 Timing Basis: 201. .14 Standard File Problem D (Integrated Configuration) . 141 Record Sizes Master File: trebled. using estimating procedure outlined in Users' Guide, 4:200.13. . 144 Graph: . . . . . . • . . see graph below • 96 4- bit characters with 24 6- bit characters. 1 card. 1 line. Detail File: • Report File: 100.00 7 4 2 -------- 10.0a 7 ~ ./ 4 Time in Minutes to Process 10, 000 Master File Records . ___ cP- / 1/ 2 1.0a r/ 7 .1 4 / cp----- - inA ~ - ,~ ~ c.:~ / ~" .' -,.I 2 VIIIA I 0.1 a 7 4 2 0.0 1 0.0 0.1 1.0 0.33 Activity Factor Average Number of Detail Records Per Master Record LEGEND -----CP-- © 1963 Elapsed timp Central Processor time (all configurations) by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated Revised 6/63 502:201.141 § HONEYWELL 800 201. .14 • 142 Computation: .143 Timing Basis: Standard File Problem D (Paired Configuration) • 141 Record Sizes Master File: • 144 Graph: • • . • trebled . using estimating procedure outlined in Users' Guide, 4:200.13 • see graph below • 96 4- bit characters with 24 6- bit characters. 1 card. 1 line. Detail File: • Report File: 100.00 7 4 2 10.0 0 7 4 Time in Minutes to Process 2 10,000 Master File Records ~- VIIB- ~ 1.00 - ~ VIlIS -' --' 7 L~ IL'L A- il'" 4 2 Vy - ~ V 0.1 0 7 4 2 0.01 0.0 0.1 1.0 0.33· Activity Factor Average Number of Detail Records Per Master Record LEGEND - 6/63 Revised - CP- - Elapsed time Central Processor time .(all configurations) SYSTEM PERFORMANCE § 502:201.200 201. .2 SORTING (Two-way merge) • 21 Standard Problem EstiII.lates . 212 .213 Key Size: . . Timing Basis • 214 Graph: . • • . 8 characters. using estimating procedure outlined in Users' Guide, 4:200.213 . see graph below • .211 Record size:. • • • 80 characters. 100.0 7 / 4 / ~ I , V / lilt 2 / 10.0 " 7 / 4 ~'f' Time in Minutes to Put Records Into Required 2 Order V VI /V V VII I 1.0 I ~ / ,, ,, ~ '/ / ~ VIII 1'1 , ," , " , 7 / 4 /~ / '/ 2 ~ 0.1 2 4 7 2 1,000 100 4 7 2 4 10,000 7 100,000 Number of Records (Roman numerals denote standard System Configurations.) © 1963 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated 7/63 HONEYWELL 800 502: 20 1. 20 1 § 201 •2 SORTING (Three-way merge) • 21 Standard Problem Estimates .211 Record Size: • • 212 Key Size: •• .213 Timing Basis:.. using estimating procedure outlined in Users' Guide, 4:200.213 • .214 Graph:..... see graph below • 80 characters • 8 characters. 100.0 1 4 1;1 1.1 2 [7 / 10.0 1 7' I ,/ V 4 / Time in Minutes to Put Records Into Required 2 Order I,J v, VI V V 1.0 , II 1 ,/ / 4 ~ II' ~V[VVIII ~ IJ II 1/ / /~ / .I V 0.1 2 100 4 1 2 1,000 4 1 10,000 2 Number of Records (Roman numerals denote standard System Configurations.) 7/63 ~ ,/ V / 2 7 7 V 1/' V/ 'I J II' V II' 1 100,000 502: 20 1.300 SYSTEM PERFORMANCE § 201. .312 Timing basis: •3 MATRIX INVERSION .31 Standard Problem Estimates . • . . using estimating procedure outlined in User's Guide, 4:200.312; with Floating Decimal Arithmetic option. see graph below • . 313 Graph: .311 Basic parameters: general, non-symmetric matrices, using floating point to at least 8 decimal digits. 100.00 7 4 ·2 10.00 I I I I 7 I 4 I I I 'I 2 I J Time in Minutes for Complete 1.00 Inversion J II 7 - I 4 I( II 2 'I / 0.10 II 7 I J I 4 I V 2 / 0.01 1 2 4 © 7 2 10 Size of Matrix 4 7 100 1963 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated 2 4 7 1,000 4/63 HONEYWELL 800 502:201.400 .. . .412 Computation: §201. •4 GENERAUZED MA THEMA TICAL PROCESSING .41 Standard Mathematical Problem A Estimates (All Configurations) .413 Timing basis: . 414 Graph: . •411 Record sizes: . . . •. 10 signed numbers, avg. size 5 digits, max. size 8 digits. . 5 fifth-order polynomials. 5 divisions . 1 square root. using estimating procedure outlined in Users' Guide, 4:200.413. see graph below. CONFIGURATION VI, VilA. VillA SINGLE LENGTH (36 DIGIT PRECISION); FLOATING POINT R = NUMBER OF OUTPUT RECORDS PER INPUT RECORD 10,000 7 4 2 1,000 7 4 ~ Time in Milliseconds per 2 Input Record ~ VI, VilA 7 ~ V?IA .L 100 I- " R = 1.0 4 /--~-- -- •• I- R= 0.1 ha """"!.:~ ~- - - ~ 7' ,-!dI' ~ I'" ~ Ii"" t--... R = 0.01 2 10 7 4 2 2 0.1 4 2 7 1.0 4 7 4 10.0 C, Number of Computations per Input Record 4/63 7 100.0 SYSTEM PERFORMANCE § 502:201.500 201. .512 Computation: .5 GENERAUZED STATISTICAL PROCESSING .51 Standard Statistical Problem A Estimates (All Configurations) .513 Timing basis: • . . 514 Graph: • . 511 Record size: augment T elements in cross-tabulation tables. using estimating procedure outlined in Users I Guide, 4:200.513. see graph below • thirty 2-digit integral numbers. 1,000 7 4 2 ~~ .I 100.0 7 ~ / 4 Time in Milliseconds per Record " IL 2 VII 10.0 7 - Y ~ VIlA 4 (,-C, B times. A and C can be incremented. B words, starting at A, moved to B words starting at C. Move an item starting at A to an area starting at C. Move a record, starting at A to an area starting at C. c Rlght-end-around shift (A) B binary places and store in C'. Different orders allow for sign treatment and protection of present contents of C. Transfer control to C modified by (A) shifted around . B bits. Comparison Jump to C if (A).r! (B) when treated alphabetiGally. Jump to C if (A) r! (B) when treated numerically. Jump to C if (A) ~ (B) when treated alphabetically. Jump to C if (A) ':::; (B) when treated numerically. Jump to C; and transfer (A) to (B). c c c c c Miscellaneous Check Parity of (A). If incorrect, jump to C. Orthocount·the record starting at A, ending at C - l. If required, use scatter read techniques under control of the table stored starting in B. Record the orthocount in C and C + 1 . Simulate. Form a memory address (direct or indexed) "from the low-order 11 bits of the command code and store this instruction in the location thus specified. Jump under control of the co-sequence counter. c c S Scientific Instructions Floating Point - Normalized FBA a FDA a a a FBS FDS FBM FDM a a b b b b b b c c c c c c } } } © 1963 (A) + (B)~C, in binary or decimal mode. (A) - (B)~C, in binary or decimal mode. (A) x (B) - ? C, and a special register, in binary or decimal. mode. Auerbach Corporation and Info, Inc. 8/63 503:121.102 HONEYWELL 1800 § 121. INSTRUCTION LIST -Contd. INSTRUCTION OPERATION A B C FBD FDD FLN FNN ULD a a a a a b b b b - c c c c c FBAU FDAU FBSU FDSU a a a a b b b b c c c c BD a a b b c c OP Code A B C OP Code Floating: POint - Normalized (Contd. ) } (B) / (A) ~C; in binary or decimal mode. Jump to C if (A)" (B) Jump to C if (A) ~ (B) Store a doUble-length product into A and C. Floating Point - Unnormalized DD } (A) + (B)----?>-C, in binary or decimal mode. (A) - (B)----;"C, in binary or decimal mode. Fixed Point (B) / (A)---;;' C, in binary or decimal mode. The remainder can be retained. INSTRUCTION I/O Channel Device X X RF a b c X X RB a b c X X X X WF RW a a b b c c X X X X X X PRA PRD PRO a a a b b b 8/63 OPERATION Peripheral Instructions Read forward from peripheral device XX into consecutive locations beginning at A. If distributed read is required, use the table starting at B. Interruption occurs in case end of file or error in previous block is encountered. Read BackwardBf; otherwise as Read Forward Instruction. Write Forward; otherwise as Read Forward. Rewind Magnetic Tape or Paper Tape Unit XX. Lock can be specified. Interruption occurs if an error occurred on previous block. Print the contents of A on the console typewriter. Alphabetic, Decimal, or Octal format can be specified. Format instructions are given in B. } A AUERBACH ® 503: 151.100 Honeywell 1800 Problem Oriented Foci lities PROBLEM ORIENTED FACILITIES § .13 . Data Sorting and Merging (Contd.) 151. .1 UTILITY ROUTINES . 11 Simulators of Other Computers each "recoret" would effectively consist of all the information in the Area header and the Group header, as well as in the individual item • A sort of this type of file does not change the structure (it remains an Inventory File consisting of Items within Product Groups within Areas), but can change the order of each header (Product Groups, Areas, or Items) within itself. H-400 Reference: . • . . Manual 051-89: H-400 Easy Programs on the H-800. Date available: . . July, 1961. Description An integrated package of routines for assembling, debugging and running of programs written in H-400 Easy Language on the H-800. IBM 650 Reference: . . . Own coding facilities are provided. H-800 Sort Package Reference: . · O5I-43A, Sort and Collate Manual. Record 'size: • variable. Block size: · variable; preset number of records. Key size: . · preset; maximum one full item. File size:. • one reel of tape or equivalent partial reels. Number of tapes: • 3 to 6. Date available: ••• December, 1960. Description Two pa.rts, presort and merge sort. Presort builds continuous strings of items in memory taking advantage of any pre-ordering of the Data.- Merge sort is of Cascade type, inwhich the power of sort is one less than the number of tapes used. Manual: 650 Simulator for the H-800. August, 1960. Date available:. Description A package of routines for simulating input conversion, processing, output conversion of mM 650 program s. UNIVAC I & II Reference: • Manual: Honeywell 800 Univac Simulator August, 1961. Date available:. Description The UNIVAC Simulator package contains two programs. One simulates the central processor of the UNIVAC lor II, the second simulates card conversion and printing. H-800 Collate Package Reference: • • O5I-43A, Sort and Collate Manual. Record size: •. variable. mock size:. variable; preset number of records. Key size: . . preset; maximum one full item. File size: .• 99 reels of cape. Number of tapes: .." 3 to 13 tapes. Date available: • . . December, 1960. Description The collate routine can be a 2-way, 3-way, 4-way or 5-way merge. Input in each of the above can be a single input tape or a second or alternate tape. Output can be on one file or an alternate. Included, if desired, is a restart dump tape. Scientific Option Simulation Reference: • . . ESMESS01, H-800 Subroutine Library. Date available: • February, 1960. Description A package of routines that simulates scientific option hardware, 801B Floating Point Option. .12 Simulation by Other Computers:. . . . none. .13 Dita Sorting and Merging Fact Compiler Sort Reference: . Record size: mock size: Key size: • File size:. FACT Manual. see description. S28, ~128, S',256 words. any number of keys. each reel is sorted separately, then merged under manual control. 3 to 5, 1961. Number of tapes: Date available: • Description This routine provides sorting on FACT type files where records are not used singly, but as a hierarchy of headers, each of which may have a number of subgroups. A typical file would bean Inventory File consisting of Items, within Product Groups, within Areas. Here © 1963 .14 Report Writing Edit Generator, including Report Writer. Reference:. . . 051-129, Edit Generator and Tape I/O Manual. Date available: 1961. Description The Edit Generator is a library routine which may be used to prepare reports. The Edit Generator creates routines which obtain data from a source location, edit it, and record it on tape or print it on-line. Auerbach Corporation and Info, Inc. 8/63 HONEYWELL 1800 503:151.140 § 151. .14 . 17 Report Writing (Contd.) EacJtreport, each type of line, . and all editing needed are previously specified in Standard descriptive terms. During the program macro codes are used to cause the actual preparation of the report itself. . 15 0.4 + O. 13N 11. 1 msec per card. E1AMCEDl Edits card Input E1FAMED11. Edits output for o. 5 + IBN 16. 7 per 120 char EIMAPED1J printer line. O. 3 per number. E1FDC2M1 Edits fioallng point O. 3 per numbers packed number 4 to a card Card-to-tape routines are presently being prepared for floating decimal and floating binary . SCOPE Transcription: This is a single program that allows up to 8 simultaneous transcription operations betWeen punched cards, printers, and magnetic tape units. The operator supplies the parameters for each transcription operation needed. File Maintenance FACT Compiler 'Description The FACT Compiler includes File Maintenance provisions. (See under Section 502: 162). .17 Other Double- Precision and Complex Arithmetic Package Reference: . • . . . . H- 800 Subroutine Library. Date available:. . . . 1960. Description A series of packages for double-precision and complex ar~thmetic have been provided. Separate packages deal with specific types of . operands, such as fixed decimal,- floating binary, etc. The timings are summarized in the following table: 8/63 Timings (msec) Type of Arithmetic + - x Double- Precision Data Transcription Max Central Processor Loading .16 Other (Contd.) A AUERBACH ® Fixed decimal Floating decimal Fixed binary Floating binary 0.30 0.31 0.82 1.41 not vet available. No package planned. 0.7 0.4 0.3 0.3 Packa~ Complex Arithmetic Fixed decimal Floating decimal Fixed binary Floating binary 0.3 0.3 1.6 1.0 Nopacka~planned. No package planned. 0.7 0.4 0.3 0.3 Code Conversion Routines The H-1800 has a number of possible ways of representing numbers. A number of routines for converting ~rom one form to another are available and are listed below. All times are per number converted; number size may not exceed one 48-bit word. Fixed Decimal to Fixed Binary: . . . . . . . . 0.8 msec. Floating Decimal to Floating Binary:. . 1. 3 msec. Floating Binary to Floating Decimal: . 1:7 msec. Floating Decimal to Fixed Decimal: .0.9 msec. Radians to Degrees, in Fixed Decimal: •.• 0.3 msec. Degrees to Radians, in Fixed Decimal: . . • 0.3 msec. SYSTEM PERFORMANCE 503:201.011 HONEYWELL 1800-11 SYSTEM PERFORMANCE WORKSHEET DATA TABLE 1 Configuration Worksheet Reference Item VII A 1 InputOutput Times Char/block Records/block K msec/block File 1 VIII A VIII B (File 1) 970 970 970 970 (File 1) 11 11 11 11 21.7 21.7 21.7 21.7 = File 2 File 3 75 6.6 75 6.7 File 4 107 7.7 107 6.7 File 3 --- ----- File 4 --- --- --- ------- 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 File 3 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 File 4 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 msec/block al 0.23 0.29 0.29 0.29 msec/record a2 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 ms ec/detail b6 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 msec/work b5 + b9 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.69 msec/report b7 + b8 4.02 4.02 4.02 4.02 msec/block for C. P. and dominant column. al 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 a2 K 1.76 1.76 1.76 1. 76 a3 K 66.44 66.44 66.44 66.44 File 1 Master In 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 File 2 Master Out 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 File 3 Details 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 File 4 Reports 0.33 1,177 0.33 84.7 0.33 1,177 0.33 73.7 69.56 1,177 69.56 84.7 69.56 1,177 69.56 73.7 msec/switch msec/penaity 2 VII B File 1 File 1 = File = File --- 2 2 ----- 4:200.112 Central Processor Times 3 Standard Problem A F = 1.0 4:200.114 Total .. Unit of measure (words) 1,400 1,400 1,400 1,400 Fixed 200 200 200 200 3 (Blocks 1 to 23) 100 100 100 100 6 (Blocks 24 to 48) 480 480 480 480 Files 600 600 600 600 Working 100 100 100 100 2,880 2,880 2,880 2,880 Std. routines Standard Problem A Space 4:200.1132 4:200.1151 Total © 1963 Auerbach Corporation and Info, Inc. Reprinted 9/63 503:201.012 HONEYWELL 1800-11 HONEYWELL 1800-11 SYSTEM PERFORMANCE (Contd.) WORKSHEET DATA TABLE 2 Can fj gu rati on Worksheet 5 Item Reference Fixed/Floating point VII A VII B Floating· Floating· VIII A VIII B Floating· Floating· input 827 804-1 827 804-4 output 822 804-1 822 804-4 input 1 card 1 card image 1 card 1 card image output 1 line 1 line image 1 line 1 line image Unit name / Size of record Standard Mathemati ca I ",sec/block Problem A input T1 75 6.7 75 5.9 output T2 67 7.7 67 6.7 input T3 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 output T4 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 msec/record T5 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 rnsee/5 loops T6 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.25 ms ec /report T7 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60 4:200.413 rnsee/penalty 7 Standard Statistical Problem A Unit name 804-1 804-4 Size of block 960 960 Records/block B 24 24 rnsee/block Tl 25 17 ~sec/penalty T3 0.3 0.3 msec/block T5 0.02 0.02 m sec/record T6 0.28 0.28 rnsec/table T7 0.10 0.10 4:200.512 C.P. • Using Scientific Option 9/63 Reprinted A AUERBACH ® • 503:201.100 STANDARD EDP • REPORTS Honeywell 1800·11 System Performance SYSTEM PERFORMANCE § 201. .1 GENERALIZED FILE PROCESSING • 11 Standard File Problem A . III Record sizes Master file: Detail file: . Report file: . . 112. Computation:. . standard. • 113 Timing,BasiS: . using estimating procedure outlined in Users' Guide, 4:200.113 • . 114 Graph: • . . . . . . . . • see graph below . 108 characters. 1 card. 1 line. 100.0 7 4 2 10.0 7 ~ ~ .-/ 4 Time in Minutes to Process 10, 000 Master File Records -- / / 2 /~ ~13,~13 1.0 /I 7 A1fI"'" /I H 4 2 VIIB Ii .~ t.7'...... ' -- ~ ....- ..,."..., -CP vmB / /r ,I 0.1 7 ~ /I 4 2 0.01 0.0 0.1 0.33 1.0 Activity Factor Average Number of Detail Records Per Master Record LEGEND - - - - - - - - - - Elapsed time -- - - Central Processor time (all configurations) (Roman numerals denote standard System Configurations.) © 1963 Auerbach Corporation and Info, Inc. 8/63 HONEYWELL 1800·11 503:201.130 § 201. .13 Standard File Problem C. . 131 Record sizes Master file: . Detail file: . Report file: .• 216 characters. 1 card. 1 line. .132 Computation:. • . standard. .133 Timing basis: . . using estimating procedure outlined in Users' Guide, 4:200.13 . . 134 Graph: • • . . . . . . . . see graph below. 100.0 7 4 2 ~p..,"'lnp.. _ 10.0 - .- .- 7 J' ./ 4 ./ / 2 / 1.0 Time in Minutes to Process 10,000 Master File Records 'I' .!lIB, ",nIB _ VIIB 7 I I 4 JIll' vmB ~,. 2 ~' """""-- .--- ,- C-; -,- -,'" ~/ 0.1 7 II 4 2 0.0 1 0.0 0.1 0.33 1.0 Activity Factor Average Number of Detail Records Per Master Record LEGEND - - - - - - - - - - Elapsed time - - Central Processor time (all configurations) (Roman numerals denote standard System Configurations.) 8/63 A AUERBACH ® SYSTEM PERFORMANCE 503:201.140 §20l. .14 Standard File Problem D .141 Record sizes Master file: Detail file: Report file: 108 characters. 1 card. 1 line. • 142 Computation:. trebled . .143 Timing basis: using estimating procedure outlined in Users' Guide, 4:200.14. .144 Graph: . . • ., . . . . see graph below. 100.0 7 4 2 ~ 10.0 7 ./ - .- .- ./ 4 Time in Minutes to Process 2 10 ,000 Master File Records / /' I 1.0 , _I 7 ..,.- II I 4 ..", VIIB II VIlIB ../ -- ~, '1UlB, CP_ /' 2 6tJ 0.1 I 7 L iI 4 2 0.0 1 0.0 0.1 1.0 0.33 Activity Factor Average Number of Detail Records Per Master Record LEGEND ------~--- - - - Elapsed time Central Processor time (aU configurations) (Roman numerals denote standard System Configurations.) © 1963 Auerbach Corporation and Info, Inc. 8/63 HONEYWELL 1800.11 503:201.300 § .312 Timing basis: • . . • . . using estimating procedure outlined in Users' Guide, 4:200.312; with optional floating point hardware • 201. .3 MATRIX INVERSION . 31 Standard Problem Estimates .313 Graph: . . . .. . . . . . see graph below . . 311 Basic parameters: . . . general, non-symmetric matrices, using floating point to at least 8 decimal digits. 10.0 7 I I 2 I 1.0 / 7 4 J ~ V Time in Minutes for Complete Inversion 0.1' 7 I I 4 1/ J 2 II 0.01 7 I I 1 4 I / 2 ~ 0.001 2 4 7 10 2 4 7 Size of Matrix 8/63 2 100 A AUERBACH ® 4 7 1,000 SYSTEM PERFORMANCE § 503: 20 1.400 201. 5 fifth-order polynomials. 5 divisions • 1 square root . using estimating procedure outlined in Users' Guide, 4:200.413; with optional floating point hardware. .412 Computation: . .4 GENERALIZED MATHEMATICAL PROCESSING .41 Standard Mathematical Problem A Estimates .413 Timing basis: .411 Record sizes: . . . . . . 10 signed numbers, avg. size 5 digits, max. size 8 digits. .414 Graph: . • . • . see graph below. CONFIGURATIONS VilA, VIIB, VillA, VIIIB; 40 BIT PRECISION FLOATING POINT R = NUMBER OF OUTPUT RECORDS PER INPUT RECORD 10,000 7 4 2 ,000 7 4 Time in Milli seconds per Input Record 2 100 VIlA, VIIIA; R - 0.01, 0.1, 1.0 7 / / 4 / ~ 2 ~ V VIIB, R = 1.0" 10 7 VIIB, R = 0.1, 0.01............. VIIIB, R = 1.0 4 JL / VIIIB, R = 0.1, 0.01/ 2 1 2 0.1 7 2 1.0 4 7 2 4 10.0 7 100.0 C, Number of Computations per Input Record (Roman numerals denote standard System Configurations.) © 1963 Auerbach Corporatian and Info, Inc. Reprinted 9/63 503:201.500 § HONEYWELL 1800-11 201. .5 GENERALIZED STATISTICAL PROCESSING .51 Standard Statistical Problem A Estimates . 511 Record size:. •. • • . . thirty 2-digit integral numbers. .512 Computation: . augment T elements in cross-tabulation tables . .513 Timing basis: using estimating procedure outlined in Users' Guide, 4:200.513 • .514 Graph: • • • . • • . . • see graph below. 1,000.0 7 4 2 100.0 7 4 ~ Time in Milli - 2 seconds per Record V It' ~LL STANDARD CONFIGURATION S 10.0 7 4 ..-1'" V ~ 2 V 1.0 VIlA, VIIB ~ VIllA, VIIIB 7 I..... 4 - ~C? 2 0.1 2 4 7 4 2 10 2 7 100 T, Number of Augmented Elements (Roman numerals denote Standard Configurations.) 9/63 Reprinted A AUERBACH ® 4 7 1,000 503:211.101 Honeywell 1800 Physical Characteristics HONEYWELL 1800 PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS © 1963 Auerbach Corporation and Info, Inc. 8/63 503:211.102 HONEYWELL 1800 H.1800 PHYSICAL CHARACT ERISTICS Unit Name Central Processor Floating Point Option Console Power Unit 1801 1801-B 1801-C 180.l->P Additional Memory Tape Control Unit Magnetic Tape Unit 803 804 Magnetic Tape Unit IDENTITY Model Number Height x Width x Depth, in. Weight, Ibs. 1802 72X255x30 72x50X30 36X 92 X 30 72x110x33 72X39X30 72X50X 30 67 X 28 X 29 6,000 1,20·0 300 3,320 ----- 800 1,200 1,250 --- 6,420 6,840 8,538 --- PHYSICAl Maximum Cable Lengths Temperature, OF. 50 to 110 Storage Ranges Humidity, '7'. Temperature, of. 70 to 74 Working Ranges ATMOSPHERE Humidity, '7'. Heat Dissipated, BTU/hr. 25,500 6,840 200 20,640 Air Flow, cfm. I Intemal Filters 20'7'. efficiency 208,2000r 440 unregulated ~. 208,200 or 440 unregulated .~ Nominal 208 208. Tolerance ±2o/. ±2% 60 C.P.S. 60 C.P.S. 60 ±0.5 C.P.S. ±0.5 C.P.S. --- 1 2 8 Voltage Nominal ELEC. TRICAL Included in 180J. -r·+1 J 60,.P,S. Cycles I Tolerance Phases and Lines Load KVA 3 3.6 ±J.5 C.P.S. 3 --- 32.6 NOTES 8/63 ~ A AUERBACH ® 1.2 2.0 2.8 --- PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS 503:211.103 H·1800 PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Contd.) Magnetic Tape Unit Printer Control Card Reader Control Card Punch Controls Model Number --- 806 807 808 Height XWidth x Depth, in. --- 72 x54x30 Weight, Ibs. --- 1,200 Unit Name IDENTITY 72x54X30 72X54X30 1,200 1,200 High Speed Standard Paper Speed Multiple Tape Paper Terminal Reader Tape Control and Punch and Control Control 809 58x61X36 750 810 811 58X61X36 72X85x30 600 2,000 Off·Line Input Control Off.Line Input. Output Control Standard Speed Printer Bill. Feed Printer High Speed Printer Standard Speed Card Reader 815 816 817 822·1 822·2 822·3 823·1 823-2 72X20X30 47X71x19 50X42x26 58x58X30 400 2,815 1,600 715 1,500 1,012 900 --- 1,200 1,200 1,200 --- --- 6,350 4,918 4,800 4,800 3,960 3,960 --- 6,840 6,840 6,840 --- --- --- 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.5 1.5 --- 2.0 2.0 2.0 --- ? 72X20x30 72X20x30 400 400 47x71X19 57x80X36 2,815 High Speed Card Reader Standard Speed Card Punch 824-1 High Speed Card Punch Tape Control 824-2 831 Magnetic Ink Char. Sorter/ Reader Off·Line Output Control 49x53x 25 42X29X35 72x51x30 833 Printer PUilch Control Tape Control Contra I Unit 12 Disc Storage Module 24 Disc Storage Module 834 835 860 860-1 860-2 through 9 72X51x30 72X51x30 72x51x30 72x51X30 52x70x44 52x70X44 PHYSICAL Maximum Cable Lengths Temperature, of . . , 50 to 110 Storage Ranges Humidity, % Temperature, 0 F. 70 to 74 Working Ranges ATMOSPHERE Humidit y, '7. --- Heat Dissipated, BTU/hr. 8,520 5,400 5,160 4,585 3,203 10,440 1,680, 1,680 1,680 7,200 7,200 Air Flow, cfm. Internal Filters Nominal 208 Voltage Tolerance ... ±2'7• Nominal ELECTRICAL 60 C.P.S. Cycles ±0.5 C.P.S. Tolerance Phases and Lines Load KVA --- 2.0 2.0 2.0 1.3 0.71 2.0 0.18 0.18 0.18 2.5 2.5 3.5 NOTES © 1963 Auerbach Corporation and Info, Inc. 8/63 503:221.101 .ST,"IlAA' ElD>lP> • REPCRTS Honeywell 1800 Price Doto PRICE DATA § 221. PRICES IDENTITY OF UNIT CLASS No. Monthly Rental Name $ CENTRAL PROCESSOR 1801 IS01-II 1801-B STORAGE 1802 860-1 860-2 860-3 860-4 860-5 860-6 860-7 860-8 860-9 CARD READERS dnd PUNCHES 823-1 823-2 824-1 824 lA 824-2 827 807-1 Central Processor with 8, 192-word c;ore store, power supply, and console Central Processor with 8, 192-word core store, power supply, and console Floatlng- Point Option 8, 192-Word Additional Memory Block (maximum of 3) Random Access Storage and Control (50 million characters) Random Access Storage and Control (100 million characters) Random Access Storage and Control (200 mUlion characters) Random Access Storage and Control (300 millil)n characters) Random Ac, 'ess Storage and Control (400 million characters) Random Access Storage and Control (500 million characters) Random Access Storage and Control (60n milllon characters) Random Access Storage and Control (700 million characters) Random Access Storage and Control (800 million characters) Standard-Speed Card Reader (240 CPM) (085) HIgh-Speed Card Reader (650 CFM) (0881I1) Standard-Speed Card Punch (100 CPM) includes basic unit (519 model II) summary punch feature 45 columns of comparing offset stacker 30 columns double-punch blank-column detection Heavy Duty Power Supply for the Model 824-1 (requIred for transcription mode punching) High-Speed Card Punch (250 CPM) includes basic unit (544 model I) offset stacker half- time emitter Card Reader--Card Pu.,lch (800 CPM/250 CPM) (1402) Card Reader Control (for 823-1) © 1963 Auerbach Corporation and Info, Inc, Monthly Maintenance $ Purchase $ 19,150 960 919,200 18,000 ? 858,000 4,300 215 206,400 3,200 160 153,600 6.100 1,220 275,000 8,100 1,620 365,000 12,500 2,500 560,000 16,900 3,380 760,000 21,300 4,260 960,000 25,700 5,140 1,160,000 30,100 6,020 1,360,000 34,500 6,900 1,560,000 38,900 7,780 1,760,000 125 15 7,700 325 52 14,700 154 39 7,881 -- - -- - 490 35 22,275 550 45 30,000 950 50 45,600 --- S/63 503:221.102 HONEYWELL 1800 PRICE DATA (Contd.) § 221. IDENTITY OF UNIT PRICES CLASS No. Monthly Rental Name $ CARD READERS and PUNCHES 807-2 807-3 808-1 (Cont'd.) 808-2 808-3 - ... PAPER TAPE UNITS 809 PRINTERS 822-1 810 Card Reader Control (for 823-2) Card Reader Control (for 827) Card Punch Control (for 824-1) Card Punch Control (for 824-2) Card Punch Control (for 827) Monthly Maintenance $ Purchase $ 1,100 60 52,800 1,100 60 52,800 1,050 60 50,400 1,150 60 55,200 1,150 60 55,200 Paper Tape Reader and Control (1000 FPS) Paper Tape Punch and Control (110 FPS) (specify model 1 for 11/16" tape or model 2 for 7/8" or I" tape) 975 104 46,200 725 73 34,800 Standard-Speed Printer (150 LPM) 800 147 42,000 ),175 190 70,125 1,950 100 475 20 79,800 4,800 1,050 55 50,400 1,250 125 60,000 1,450 145 69,600 2,000 3,100 2,000 4,100 900 900 550 900 75 700 700 950 1,550 100 155 100 205 180 180 165 180 5 50 50 70 270 96,000 148,800 96,000 196,800 43,200 43,200 26,400 43,200 3,600 33,600 33,600 45,600 74,400 1,700 85 81,600 1,850 145 88,800 1,950 200 93,600 (407) 822-2 822-3 822-3A 806-1 806-2 806-3 MAGNETIC TAPE UNITS ALTERNATNE CONTROL UNITS 803-1 803-2 803-3 803-4 804-1 804-2 804-3 804-4 805 815 816 817 818 811-1 811-2 811-3 8/63 Bill-Feed Printer includes basic unit (408 model AI) equal-unequal compare (15 positions) carriage storage (15 positions) High-Speed Printer (900 LPM) Vertical Spacing Option for the Model 822-3 (allows spacing of six lines per inch or eight lines per inch) An installation charge will be made if this feature· Is field installed. Printer Control (for 822-1) Printer Control (for 822-2) Printer Control (for 822-3) Tape Control High Density Tape Control Economy Tape Control Super Density Tape Control Magnetic Tape Unit High Density Magnetic Tape Unit Economy Magnetic Tape Unit Super Density Magnetic Tape Unit Magnetic Tape Switching Unit Off- Line Output Auxiliary Control 00- Line Input Auxiliary Control Off- Line Input- Output Auxiliary Control Off- Line Printer Control (for use with 822-3 and 804-1, 804-2 or 804-3, Printer- - Card Reader- - Card Punch Control (for use with 822-1, 823-1 or 823- 2; 824-1 or 824- 2) Printer- - Card Reader- - Card Punch Control (for use with 822- 2; 823-1 or 823- 2; 824-1 or 824-2) Printer- - Card Reader- - Card Punch Control (for use with 822- 3; 823-1 or 823- 2; 824-1 or 824- 2) A AUERBACH ® / 503: 221.1 03 PRICE DATA PRICE DATA (Contd.) § 221. PRICES IDENTITY OF UNIT CLASS No. Name Monthly Rental Monthly Maintenance Purchase $ $ $ -- -- LTE RNATrvE ! 811-4 I ACONTROL UNITS (Cont'd. ) 811-5 811-6 MlSCE LLANEOUS 833 UNITS 870 871 872 880 ?rinter- - Card Reader- - Card Punch Control (for use with 822-1; 827) Printer- - Card Reader- - Card Punch Control (for use with 822- 2; 827) Prlnter- - Card Reader- - Card Punch Control (for use with 822-3; 827) 1,700 85 81,600 1,850 145 88,.800 1,950 200 93,600 Magnetic Ink Character Sorter- Reader Input Control Unit Inquiry Station Control Unit Inquiry Station Slave Console Typewriter Communications Control Unit 1,300 87 62,400 750 750 300 990 56 150 60 99 36,000 36,000 14,400 47,520 © 1963 Auerbach Corporation and Info, Inc. 8/63 HONEYWEll 1400 Honeywell EDP Division / ( '''--- ,~ I AUERBACH INFO, INC. PRINTED IN U. S. A. HONEYWEll 1400 Honeywell EOP Division AUERBACH INFO, INC. PRINTED IN U. S. A. 505:001.001 Honeywell 1400 Contents CONTENTS 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Data Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . System Configuration II 4-Tape Business System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . III 6-Tape Business System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-Tape Business System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV VI 6-Tape Business/Scientific System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Typical Real-Time System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Internal Storage H-1402 Magnetic Core Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H-460 Magnetic Disc File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Central Processor H-1401 Central Processor . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Console . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Input-Output; Punched Tape and Card H-409 Paper Tape Reader . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H-410 Paper Tape Punch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H-427-1 Card Reader-Punch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . H-423-2 Card Reader . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Input-Output; Printers H-422-3 Printer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H-422-4 Printer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Input-Output; Magnetic Tape H-404-1 Magnetic Tape Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H-404-2 Magnetic Tape Unit . . . . . . . • . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H-404-3 Magnetic Tape Unit . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Input-Output; Other H-440 Optical Scanner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H-416 Tape Control Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H-405 Magnetic Tape Switching Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . H-484 Communication Control . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H-481 Communication Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H-480 Communication Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . Simultaneous Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . • • . • . . Instruction List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . Data Codes Internal and Printer Code . . • . . . • . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . Card Code . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Problem Oriented Facilities Simulation by H-800 . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . EASY SORT ll . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . EASY COLLATE . . • . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . THOR . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PERT . . • . . . . . . . • . . • • . • • . • . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . Linear Program Package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • • TABSIM . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Process Oriented Languages AUTOMATH-400 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . COBOL-400 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Machine Oriented Language::; EASY 1& II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Program Translators EASY I & II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AUTOMATH-400 . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Operating Environment EASY Monitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . 505:011 505:021 505:031. 200 505:031.300 505:031. 400 505:031.600 505:031. 700 505:041 505:042 505:051 505:061 505:071 505:072 505:073 501:073* 505:081 505:081 505:091 505:091 505:091 502:102** 505:102 505:103 505:104 505;105 505:106 505:111 505:121 505:141 505:142 501:151.12* 501:151.13* 501:151. 13* 501:151.16* 501: 151.21 * 501:151.22* 501:151.23* 501:161* 501:162* 501:171* 501:181 * 501:182* 501:191* * Refer to indicated section of Honeywell 400 report; all Honeywell 400 software is directly usable on the 1400. ** Refer to indicated section of Honeywell 800 report. @1964 Auerbach Corporation and Info, Inc. 3/64 HONEYWELL 1400 505:001.002 CONTENTS (Contd.) 20. 22. 3/64 System Performance Notes on System Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Worksheet Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Generalized File Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sorting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Matrix Inversion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Price Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . 505:201.001 505:201. 012 505:201.100 505:201. 200 505:201.300 505:221 505:011.100 Honeywell )400 Introduction INTRODUCTION § 011. The Honeywell 1400 is a medium scale computer system oriented primarily toward business data processing applications. Recent hardware developments make it possible to adapt the system to a variety of real-time applications. Monthly rentals for H-1400 systems range from about $9,000 to $18,000 and average around $13,000. Initial customer deliveries were made in January, 1964. Compatibility The H-1400's throughput capacity places it in the middle of Honeywell's expanding line of computers. The larger Honeywell systems are the H-800 (Computer System Report 502) and the H-1S00 (Report 503). The smaller systems are the H-200 (Report 507) and the H-400 (Report 501). The Honeywell 400 and 1400 are fully program-compatible and, with a few exceptions, offer the same range of peripheral units. There is no direct program compatibility between H-400/1400 systems and either H-200 or H-SOO/1800 systems, though a simulation routine permits H-1400 programs to be run on an H-800 or H-1S00. All Honeywell computers can communicate with one another (but not with most competitive equipment) by means of a line of magnetic tape units uSing three-quarter inch tape. Hardware The central processor has facilities for both binary and decimal arithmetic. Both multiply-divide instructions and floating point arithmetic are optional facilities, and all floating point arithmetic is performed in the decimal mode. Three-address instructions are used (e. g. , "ADD A, B, C" means "add the contents of A to the contents of B and place the result in location C"). The instruction repertoire is comprehensive and includes especially good editing commands for translation of the 6-bit alphanumeric codes to and from their decimal and binary equivalents. Except for the editing instructions, operand lengths are fixed at one 48-bit word. A Honeywell 1400 word can hold one instruction, eight 6-bit alphanumeric characters, twelve 4-bit decimal digits (or eleven digits plus sign), sixteen octal digits, or a single 4S-bit binary data item. A powerful "move" command permits the contents of up to 4,095 word locations to be moved by one instruction. The effective core storage cycle time, 13 microseconds per 48-bit word, is 30 percent faster than that of the Honeywell 400, providing an internal processing capacity for 10,000 to 12,000 typical three-address instructions per second. Other improvements over the H-400 include an increase in core storage capacity from the H-400 maximum of 4,096 words to the H-1400 maximum of 32,768 words, addition of the Floating Point and Card Storage options, and increases in the number of printers (now 2, previously 1) and magnetic tape units (now 16, previously 8) that can be connected. The core storage is available in multiples of 4,096 48-bit word locations; maximum size is 32,768 words. Each 24-bit half of a word has a parity bit which is checked whenever the data is moved. The store accepts words with incorrect parity from input-output devices. The processor is made aware of this condition by a forced transfer of control to a fixed location. A parity-checking instruction is provided to find the incorrect word and correct its parity. Other instructions are provided to implement techniques to correct the incorrect data. They are part of a system called Orthotronic Control, which is used primarily with magnetic tape units and disc files. The central processor serves as the main input-output controller in H-1400 systems, thereby minimizing the need for additional controllers or buffers. A special central processor model, however, must be used with the fastest magnetic tape units (88.666 six-bit characters per second). © 1964 Auerbach Corporation and Info, Inc. 3/64 HONEYWELL 1400 505:011.101 INTRODUCTION (Contd.) Iii 011. The basic H-1400 system without optional facilities has very limited capabilities for simultaneous operations. Except for a simultaneous tape reading and writing operation, computation, input, and output are handled one at a time and do not overlap. Optional buffer features called Print Storage and Card Storage permit internal processing to be overlapped with printing and/or card reading or punching. Up to 16 magnetic tape units can be connected. The three available magnetic tape unit models operate at 32,000 characters (or 48,000 digits) per second, 64,000 characters (or 96,000 digits) per second, and 88,666 characters (or 133,000 digits) per second. These units have pneumatic drives which handle the tape more gently than mechanical drives. The Orthotronic Control feature enables the H-1400 to ignore a faulty track when reading a tape and to regenerate the correct data. In contrast to read-after-write error detection systems, Orthotronic Control can correct errors occurring during recording, in storage, or during reading. On the other hand, it does not notice recording errors until a later reading. The printer operates at 900 lines per minute. The Print storage option frees the processor for 98 percent of the printing time. The IBM 1402 Card Read Punch is the card equipment normally used with the H-1400. It reads 800 cards per minute and punches 250 cards per minute. The Card Storage option allows card reading or card punching (but not both) to be overlapped with processing. Up to 5 input and 4 output general-purpose peripheral trunks are available for connecting any of the following devices: • Magnetic disc files (random access storage for up to 100 million alphameric characters per file unit). • Communication controls (process messages to or from remote equipment). • Paper tape reader (500 or 1,000 characters per second). • Paper tape punch (110 characters per second). • Optical scanner (196 to 312 documents per minute). Real-Time Processing The basic Honeywell 1400 system is designed primarily for standard batch processing applications. Through the addition of communication controls and magnetic disc files, the H-1400 can handle inquiry, data collection, and management control functions as well. Batchtype production programs can be interrupted as necessary to process incoming messages and transmit the replies. Three types of communication control units are available. Up to five such control units, in any combination, can be connected to an H-1400. The 484 multi-channel control can accommodate up to 56 communication channels and handle several messages Simultaneously to or from remote devices with speeds of up to 300 characters per second. The 481 single-channel control is designed for lower message volumes and handles only one channel. The 480 control handles the transfer of data between an H-1400 and another computer or a high-speed remote device. The central processor's interrupt facility is used to initiate a transfer of data between core storage and a buffer in the communication control whenever the buffer has been filled (during input) or emptied (during output). Priorities can be established so that some routines will be interrupted freely, other routines will be interrupted only to handle selected functions of higher priority, and still other routines will never be interrupted. A wide variety of remote input-output devices can be used in Honeywell 1400 realtime systems. Virtually any business data transmitter that can be connected to a telephone or teleprinter circuit can be used. The remote equipment can be connected to the computer either through a standard switched telephone network or through leased lines. Software Software for the H-1400 is the same as for the program-compatible H-400, with minor modifications. Programs and programming systems available from Honeywell include: • 3/64 EASY II, a standard assembler with symbolic addreSSing and relocatable output. It includes an input-output macro facility which is also used in other systems, such as COBOL-61 and AUTOMATH. 505:011.102 INTRODUCTION § INTRODUCTION (Conld.) 011. • A COBOL-61 compiler which can be used on any H-1400 system with a minimum of four tape units. The compilation time for typical programs is approximately one-half hour, which is good for a machine of this size. The language facilities are fairly complete. The object programs are reported to require approximately the same running time as those produced uSing normal (EASY II) symbolic coding techniques. • A FORTRAN II compiler (called AUTOMATH 400) that includes a non-FORTRAN statement, OVERLAY, which helps to overcome some of the limitations of svstems with limited internal storage (like the H-400). The compiler does a small amount of analysis of the coding and its context and thereby improves the execution speed of the object programs. Only two levels of subscripting are allowed, and the facilities for detecting and handling errors at execution time are limited. Compilation speed is high: approximately one hundred statements per minute. Object program execution times are slowed down by the need to simulate the floating point arithmetic on all H-400 machines, but should be much improved when the Floating Point option is available on H-1400 computers. o Sort Generator and Merge Generator Routines. These are based on the polyphase method, which has been pioneered by Honeywell. o Disc File Programs, which are currently under development to facilitate the programming of disc file operations. o THOR (Tape Handling Option Routine), a general routine for locating, copying, comparing, editing, and correcting information on magnetic tape. • TABSIM, a "load-and-go" program that simulates the functions of conventional punched card tabulating equipment, USing a source language that is compatible with IBM 1401 FARGO. Mathematical and statistical routines, which handle functions, conversions, programmed multiply-divide and floating point arithmetic, and curve fitting. • PERT and Linear Programming Packages. ©1964 Auerbach Corporation and Info, Inc. 3/64 • 505:021.100 STANDARD II REPORTS ED P Honeywell 1400 Data Structure DATA STRUCTURE § 021. .1 .2 STORAGE LOCATIONS Na me of location Character: Word: Record: Purpose or use 6 bits 48 bits 1 to 511 words 64 words editing. instructions. data items. magnetic tape block. disc storage. © 1963 DATA FORMATS Type of information Representation Binary: Decimal or Hexadecimal: 48 bits in a word. 12 Characters, or sign plus 11 chars in a word. 8 Characters in a word. 1 word. Alphabetic or Alphameric: Instruction: by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated 6/63 505:031.200 • STANDARD EDP _ REPORTS Honeywell 1400 System Configuration SYSTEM CONFIGURATION § 031 . •2 4-TAPE BUSINESS SYSTEM (CONFIGURATION II) Deviations from Standard System:. • • . . • • . magnetic tape is 100% faster. can read and write simultaneously on magnetic tape. printer is 80% faster. card reader is 60% faster. card punch is 150% faster. includes indexing and console typewriter. core storage is 300% larger. Equipment Rental Core Storage: 4,096 words Processor &Console } $ 7,350 Card Reader: 800 cards/minute 550 Card Punch: 250 cards/minute Printer: 900 lines/minute Magnetic Tapes (4): 30,000 char/sec. Optional Equipment Includes: • • . • . . . . . • . . • © 1963 1,050 1,800 $11,150 none by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated 6/63 505:031.300 § HONEYWELL 1400 031 . .3 6-TAPE BUSINESS SYSTEM (CONFIGURATION m) Deviations from Standard System: • . • . . • . • no read/compute or write/compute simultaneity. printer is 80% faster. card reader is 60% faster. card punch is 150% faster. core storage is 100% larger. Equipment Rental Core Storage: 4,096 words Processor &Console } $ 7,350 Card Reader: 800 cards/minute 550 Card Punch: 250 cards/minute Optional Equipment Includes: • • . • . • • • • . • . . 6/63 Printer: 900 lines/minute 1,050 Magnetic Tapes (6): 30,000 char/second 2,700 1. Multiply- Divide 2. Print Storage 390 250 $12,290 SYSTEM CONFIGURATION § 505:031.400 031. .4 12-TAPE BUSINESS SYSTEM (CONFIGURATION IV) Deviations from S~ndard System: . . . . . . . . . no read/compute or write/compute simultaneity. printer is 10% slower. card reader is 20% slower. card punch is 25% faster. Rental Equipment Core Storage: 4,096 words Processor &Console } $ 7,350 Card Reader: 800 cards/minute 550 Card Punch: 250 cards/minute Printer: 900 lines/minute Extended Tape Control Magnetic Tapes (12): 64,000 char/second Optional Equipment Includes: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1. Print Storage 2. Multiply-Divide 3. Card Storage © 1963 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated 1,050 100 10,800 390 250 490 $20,980 6/63 505:031.600 § HONEYWELL 1401l 031. .6 6-TAPE BUSINESS/SCIENTIFIC SYSTEM (CONFIGURATION VI) Deviations from Standard System:. • • . . • . . . .• no read/compute or write/compute simultaneity. printer is 80% faster. card reader is 60% faster. card punch is 150% faster. Equipment Rental Core Storage: 8,192 words } $ 8,950 Processor &: Console Card Reader: 800 cards/minute 550 Card Punch: 250 cards/minute Optional Equipment Includes: • . • • . • • . . • . . • 6/63 Printer: 900 lines/minute 1,050 Magnetic Tapes (6): 30,000 char/second 2,700 1. 2. 3. 4. Multiply-Divide Option Print Storage Option Card Storage Option Floating Point Option 250 390 490 150 $14,530 505:031.700 SYSTEM CONFIGURATION § .7 031 . TYPICAL REAL-TIME SYSTEM Up to 56 buffered lines; input or output as required. Equipment Rental 485 Communication Adapter Units (56 max.) * 484-2 Communication Control (2 Bays): 14 buffers included 980 Core storage: 16,384 words } 12,150 Processor and Console Card 800 Card '250 Reader: cards/minute Punch: cards/minute 560 Printer: 900 lines/minute 1,050 Magnetic Tapes (6): 32,000 char/second 2,700 Real Time Clock 460-1 Disc File and Control: 25,000,000 characters Optional Equipment Includes: . . . . . . . . • . • . . . .. } Multiply-Divide Print Storage Card Storage 155 2,490 250 390 ,490 $21,215>1' * Cost of necessary adapter units ($25 to $40 per month each) is not included. @1964 Auerbach Carporation and Info,lnc. 3/64 505:041.100 Honeywell 1400 Core Storage INTERNAL STORAGE: CORE STORAGE § 041. .16 .1 GENERAL . 11 Identity: . Magnetic Core Storage. H-1402. . 12 Basic Use: .. working storage. . 13 Description Reserved Storage Purpose Each Honeywell 1400 System contains, as standard equipment, an H-1402 Core Storage module which has a capacity of 4, 096 words. Seven additional modules are available for extending the storage capacity, in 4, 096-word increments, up to a maximum of 32, 768 words. Each word contains 48 data bits and 2 parity bits. A word location can hold data represented in anyone, or a combination, of the following formats: €I 48-bit data word or instruction. • 12 decimal digits (or 11 digits plus sign). 4) 8 alphameric characters. The H-1402 core storage is arranged in 25-bit groups, 2 of which make up a single computer data word or instruction. The cycle time is 6.5 microseconds per half-word access, providing an effective operating time of 13. 0 microseconds for basic full-word operands. The first 96 words are normally reserved as input-output areas, index registers, arithmetic registers, and interrupt jump locations. However if they are not being reserved for a particular ' function, they can be used for normal storage. Because of the limited number of bits (12) in each operand address, only the first or basic storage bank of 4, 096 words can be addressed directly. To gain access to the additional banks requires use of the Bank Indicator Registers (see Central Processor, 505: 051). One of these is associated with the sequence register and one with each of the three index registers. Addresses are then formed relative to the bank indicated· no extension beyond the 4, 096 words of each ' bank boundary is possible. . 14 Availability: ...•. 6 months. • 15 First Delivery: . January, 1964. Index and sequence registers: Arithmetic registers: I/O control: I/O areas: Unprogrammed transfer locations: Machine working locations: .2 PHYSICAL FORM .21 Storage Medium: . .22 Physical Dimensions Number of Locations Locks 1 11 6 55 none. none. none . none. 8 none. 15 none. . magnetic core. .221 Magnetic core type storage Core diameter: . . . . 0.050 inch. Core bore: • . . . .. 0.030 inch. Array size:. . . . .. 32 bits by 64 bits. Number of planes:. 25 . . 23 Storage Phenomenon: · 24 Recording Performance .241 Data erasable by program: . . . . . . 242 Data regenerated constantly: . . . . .. .243 Data volatile: . . . •. · 244 Data permanent: . .. .245 Storage changeable:. .28 direction of magnetization. yes . no. no. no. no. Access Techniques .281 Recording method: .. coincident current. .282 Reading method: . coincident current. · 283 Type of access: . . • . . uniform. · 29 Potential Transfer Rates .292 Peak data rates Unit of data: ... Conversion factor: • Data rate: . . . . . word. 48 bits/word. 77,000 words/second. .3 DATA CAPACITY .31 Module and System Sizes Identity: Words: Characters: Instructions : Digits: Modules: © 1964 Auerbach Corporation and Info, Inc. Minimum Storage Maximum Storage Basic 4,096 24,576 4, 096 36,864 basic plus 1402-7. 32,768. 262,144. 32,768. 393,216 . 2. 1 3/64 505:041.320 HONEYWELL 1400 § 041. .7 PERFORMANCE .32 . 71 Data Transfer .4 Rules for Combining Modules: . . . . . . . . a single module containing either 4, 096, 8,192, 12,286, 16,384, 20,480, 24, 576, or 28,672 words can be added to the basic 4, 096-word module. CONTROLLER: . . . . . no separate controller required. .5 ACCESS TIMING .51 Arrangement of Heads: . . . . . . . . . . single access circuit. · 52 Simultaneous Operations: . . . . . . . none. · 53 Access Time Parameters and Variations With self: . . . . . . . . . yes. . 72 Transfer Load Size With self: . . . . . . . . . N 48-bit words. .73 Effective Transfer-Rate With self: . . . . . . . . . 31. 4 + 26N, where N is the number of 48-bit words transferred. .8 ERRORS, CHECKS, AND ACTION Error Illegal instruction: Invalid address: Receipt of data: Recording of data: · 531 For uniform access Cycle time: . . . . . . . 6.5 Ilsec. For data unit of: O. 5 word. Recovery of data: Dispatch of data: ·6 Invalid character: 3/64 CHANGEABLE STORAGE: . . . . . • . none. Check or Interlock yes yes none. record parity bits. parity check send parity bits. validity check Action processor stop. processor stop. processor stop. forced transfer. 505:042.100 Honeywell 1400 Internal Storage H-460 Magnetic Disc File INTERNAL STORAGE: MAGNETIC DISC FILE § · 13 042. .1 GENERAL . 11 Identity: . . . . . 12 Basic Use: . . . . . . . . auxiliary storage . .13 Description There are six zones on each disc face, and each zone has its own read/write head. All the heads move together, so that they are correctly positioned over six physical tracks (or 32 64-word records) on each disc at anyone time. The rotational delay for any of the 32 records averages 34 milliseconds, but the data transfer time· varies with the zone. The number of records per track also varies with the zone, and the table below shows the different values associated with each. Zone 1 2 3 4 5 6 Search instruction initiates an access operation, after which control reverts to the main program in the central processor. An automatic interrupt occurs upon completion of the search operation (two milliseconds prior to the time when reading or writing of the selected record may begin), and the program normally branches to a routine that reads or writes a record. All searching can, therefore, be fully overlapped with internal processing. Magnetic Disc File. Bryant Series 4000. H-460. The H-460 is a random access storage unit that consists of a controller plus one disc cabinet. Three, 6, 12, 18, or 24 data discs can be connected, providing a capacity of from 12.5 to 100 million alphameric characters per unit. The maximum number of H-460 units per system is four. Number of 64-Word Transfer Time per Records per Track Record (milliseconds) 3 4 4 6 7 8 19.4 14.0 11.5 9.5 7.4 7.1 Access to the disc is achieved by addressing data records of 512 alphameric or 768 numeric characters arranged into 64 words. Any record can be addressed independently. Slightly less than 1 per cent of the file (that part over which the heads are positioned) is available in under 44 milliseconds, assuming average latency for disc rotation and a weighted average time of 10.4 milliseconds for data transfer. To gain access to another band involves waiting an additional 60 to 130 milliseconds for lateral head movement. Thus, random access, including head position changes, averages 139 milliseconds, allowing 430 records per minute to be obtained or stored randomly. Three instructions are used in connection with the H-460 Disc File: Read, Write, and Search. The Read and Write instructions transfer up to 64 words between core storage and a disc track. The Description (Contd. ) .14 Availability: . . . . . . . 9 months. .15 First Delivery: . . . . . April, 1963. .16 Reserved Storage: ... none. ·2 PHYSICAL FORM .21 Storage Medium: . . . . magnetic discs. · 22 Physical Dimensions .222 Disc Diameter: . . . . . . . • 39 inches. Thickness: . . . . • . . thin. Number on shaft: ••• 4, 7, 13, 19, or 25. · 23 Storage Phenomenon: . direction of magnetization. · 24 Recording Permanence · 241 Data erasable by instructions: . . . . . . · 242 Data regenerated constantly: . . . . . . . .243 Data volatile: • . . . . . • 244 Data permanent: . . . . . 245 Storage changeable: •. .25 yes. no. no. no . no. IJata Volume Per Band of 6 Physical Tracks Words: . . . . . . . . . . . 2,048. Characters: ..••... 16,384. Digits: . . . . . . . . • . . 24,576 (or 22,576 in signed H-1400 words). Instructions: . . . . . . . 2,048. Records: . . . . . . . . . 32. · 26 Banis Per Physical Unit: . . . . . . . 256 per disc (128 on each side). .27 Interleaving Levels: .. one (i. e., no interleaving). .28 Access Techniques .281 Recording method: ... moving heads. © 1964 Auerbach Corporation and Info, Inc. 3/64 HONEYWELL 1400 505:042.283 § 042. .5 ACCESS TIMING .283 Type of access Description of stage Possible starting stage? Move head to selected band: ..• yes. Wait until record is in position: ... yes, if a record on the same band of any disc face was previously selected. Transfer of record: no, but previous stage time may be zero. .51 Arrangement of Heads .29 Potential Transfer Rates . 291 Peak bit rates Cycling rates: •.... Bits/inch/track: ..• Compound bit rate: .. .292 Peak data rates Cycling rates: •••.. Unit of data: .•.•.. Conversion factor: .. Gain factor: . . • . . . Los s factor: . . . . . . Data rate: . . . . . . . . Compound data rate:. .3 DATA CAPACITY .31 Module Size 900 rpm. variable. 615,000 bits/sec. 27,500 to 75, 000 char/sec. word. 48 bits/word. 1. 1. 3,472 to 9,375 words/sec. 3,472 to 9,375 words/sec. · 52 1. 8,192. 524,288. 4,194,304. Digits: • . . . . • • . . . 6,291,456. Instructions: . . . . . . 524,288. .53 CONTROLLER . 41 Identity: . . . . . . . . . . included in unit. . 42 Connection to system Access Time, Parameters, and Variations · 532 Variation in access time, in J.'sec. Stage Variation Head positioning: . . . . 0 or 60, 000 to 130,000 Waiting for the disc to be in position: ... 0 to 66,700 Transfer of record: .. 7, 100 to 19, 400 Rules for Combining Modules: . . . . . . . . 3, 6, 12, 18, or 24 data discs can be mounted on the single shaft of the unit. .4 Simultaneous Operations All but the last 2 milliseconds of each disc seek operation can be overlapped with internal processing, but reading and writing cannot be overlapped. Only one disc seek, read, or write operation at a time is possible. Discs: . . . . . . . . . . Records: . . . . . . . . Words: ...•••..•. Characters: . . . . . • .32 .511 Number of stacks (See table below. ) .512 Stack movement: . . . . across 1 zone of 1 disc face (there are 6 zones . on the disc face). .513 Stacks that can access any particular location: . . . . . . . . . one. .514 Accessible locations By single stack With no movement: . 1 band = 32 records of 64 words each. With all movement: . 128 bands = 4, 096 records of 64 words each. By all stacks With no movement: . 32N records where N = 6, 12, 24, 36, or 48 depending on Model. (i. e., 1/128 of capacity). .515 Relationship between stacks and locations: none. Total: . . . • . . . . . . • 7, 100 to 216,100 .6 CHANGEABLE STORAGE: . . . . . • . none • . 421 On-line: . . . . . . . . . . 4 . . 422 Off-line: . . . . . . . . . none. .7 AUXILIARY STORAGE PERFORMANCE .43 · 71 Data Transfer Connection to System Data Transfer Control .441 .442 . 445 .447 .448 Size of load: . • . . . . . Input-output area: ... Synchronization: .. . . Table control: . . . . . . Testable conditions: .. . 72 133,700 . · 73 Transfer Load Size: .. 1 record of 64 words . Effect Transfer Rate With core storage: ... not yet determined; depends on the timing of the interrecord gap. .511 Number of stacks 3/64 33,300. 10,400 . With self: . . . . . . . • no. With core storage: .. yes . 1 record = 64 words. none . automatic. none. none. Stacks per module: Stacks per yoke: Yokes per module: 90,000. Pairs of storage units possible .431 Devices per controller: 1. .432 Restrictions: . . • . . . . none. . 44 Average Model 0 36 36 1 Modell 72 72 1 Model 2 144 144 1 Model 3 216 216 1 Model 4 288. 288. 1. INTERNAL STORAGE: MAGNETIC DISC FILE 505:042.800 § 042 . .8 ERRORS, CHECKS, AND ACTION Error Invalid address: Invalid code: Receipt of data: Recording of data: Recovery of data: Timing conflicts Check or Interlock none unpredictable. not possible. read tracking check forced transfer. write tracking check* forced transfer. parity check* forced transfer. check system deactivated. * Orthotronic Control is optional. When used, two Orthowords (computed by a single instruction) are appended to each disc record and used to detect and (in many cases) correct recording errors when the data is read back. © 1964 Auerbach Corparation and Info,lnc. 3/64 505:051.100 Honeywell 1400 Centra I Processor CENTRAL PROCESSOR § 051. .12 .1 GENERAL .11 Identity: .12 Description Honeywell 1400. Central Processor. H-1401. The H-1401 Central Processor is 30 per cent faster than the H-400, and can (by means of bank indicators) address eight times as much storage (32,768 versus 4,096). otherwise, the processors are essentially the same. The increase in speed causes no complications; in fact, it results directly from the faster storage cycle (6. 5 microseconds per half word of 25 bits versus 9.25 for the H-400). However, the increase in storage capacity introduces programming complications for any machine which has more than 4, 096 words of storage. The 1400 utilizes three-address instructions and has binary and decimal computational facilities. The instruction repertoire is comprehensive and includes strong editing and Boolean operations. The 3 index registers can be incremented by up to 4, 096. Floating Point and Multiply-Divide instructions are optional. Multiply-Divide is a prerequisite for the Floating Point hardware. Description (Contd.) One particular instruction operation deserves a special explanation: "SELECT." It is used to cause other instructions to be executed under its control one at a time, particularly as in table look-ups. The select operation is recursive and may execute another select instruction. The sequence counter is affected by select instructions only when they cause a jump. The executed address of a select instruction is formed by a logical combination of one address and two masks. It is possible to have eight storage banks, each of 4, 096 words, in H-1400 systems. As the original H-400 addressing systems had space for only 12 bits (i. e., 4, 096 possibilities) it became necessary to increase the addressing capacity. There are actually seven types of addresses (the instruction sequence; the A, B, and C addresses; and the three index registers), but only four can be extended with the auxiliary addressing provided in the H-1400. These are allocated to the instruction sequence register and the three index registers. If a programmer wishes to reference an address outside the bank in which the instruction is executed, he must use an index register. This effectively reduces the capacity of the indexing system (which was previously only adequate). The created addresses are not properly sequential, and addressing cannot be incremented outside the actual bank address to which the index register is set. Thus, if ill 3 contains 0024 8, is set for bank 1, and is used to increment an address 0477 8 , the effective address will be 05238 in bank 1. However, if it were set to address 77778, the effective address would be 00238; but it would be in bank 1, not bank 2. Errors and ends of input-output data transfers can cause separate interrupts to occur. An interrupt causes the processor to take its next instruction from a unique location in storage without changing the sequence counter that normally directs the processor to subsequent instructions. Since the sequence counter and the three index registers are contained in a single storage location, they are generally stored and the specific I/O or diagnostic routine is entered. This is done by one instruction. At the end of this routine, the sequence counter and index registers can be restored. Thus, two instructions are required to store and restore the contents of the program registers and to provide entrance and exit for each appropriate routine. (Two routines are provided to process data from each input-output channel, one for the normal and one for the abnormal end of operation. ) Special input and output areas are fixed for the standard card reader, punch, and printer. Editing instructions are available which work with a binary card image (four 12-bit columns per 48-bit word), or with 6-bit print characters. These can be edited to six-bit alphameriC, four-bit decimal (which can be used computationally), or three-bit octal characters by the editing instructions. Nonvalid characters cause a forced transfer. Insertion of specific characters, suppression of leading zeros, and floating of the high order character of a field can be performed automatically. Cases involving multiple interrupts have been handled in a convenient manner. When multiple interrupts occur, the processor accepts the interrupt from the source with the highest priority, which is defined by built-in hardware. Having accepted an interrupt, all further interrupts are disabled for 2 milliseconds. This should be enough time to perform almost all of the diagnostic routines. It is at least sufficient time to prepare for subsequent interrupts. Simultaneity in operation of the central processor and input-output units is controlled by the method of transfer logic associated with each of the units concerned. Thus, some units (such as the card units) allow overlapped operation of the central processor while the peripheral unit is preparing to make the transfers. This is not possible with the magnetic tape units. The rules for such operations are given in Simultaneous Operations (Section 505:111). @1964 Auerbach Corporation and Info, Inc. 3/64 505:051.130 § HONEYWELL 1400 05lo .13 .14 Availability: . . . . . . . 9 months. First Delivery: . . . . . January, 1964. .2 PROCESSING FACILITIES . 21 Operations and Operands .218 Table look-up: . . . . . . none . . 219 Others Provision Comment Move: Operation and Variation Provision . 211 Fixed point Add-Subtract: automatic Multiply Short: none. Long: automatic Divide No remainder: none. Remainder: automatic .212 Floating point Add-Subtract: automatic * automatic Multiply: Divide: automatic *With optional hardware. . 22 10,2 llD,48B. * 10 110. * 10 llD. * 10 10 10 9 & 2D. 9 & 2D. 9 & 2D. * .216 Radix conversion: ... none. entire memory Special Cases of Operands Instruction Formats .231 Instruction structure:. 1 word. .232 Instruction layout Part OP A I Size (Bits) 6 2 B I 2 Alter size: Suppress zero: Round off: subroutine. subroutine automatic Insert point: Insert any: Float hex char: automatic. automatic. automatic Protection: automatic B C 12 12 Note: Partial addresses are used with the index registers to provide access to other core banks. .234 Basic address structure: . . • . . . . • .235 Literals Arithmetic: .•.•..• Comparisons and tests: . . . • • • . . . . Incrementing modifiers: ••.•.• Comment 9 leading zeros remainder and LOP* in std. location. part of zero suppression part of zero suppression 1 word. 1 word. 1 word. * LOP is Low Order Product, i. e., the least significant digits. 3/64 C A I 2 12 .233 Instruction parts Purpose Name OP: . • . . . . . . . • . operation code. AI: . . . . . . . . . . . A address index . BI: . . . . . . . . . . . B address index. CI: . . • • . . . . . . . C address index. A: . . . • . . . . . . . • A partial address. B: •..••••••.•• B partial address or parameters. C: ••.••.•••.•• C partial address. . 217 Edit format Provision any number of words . .221 Negative numbers: ... 4 binary zeros in first digit of a signed decimal word; all other configurations are positive; absolute value and sign. .222 Zero: . • • . . . • . . • . . plus and minus zero can occur and are equal in some comparisons. .223 Operand size determination:. . . • . though generally one word, in editing a character count is used. .23 . 213 Boolean AND: automatic} Inclusive OR: automatic binary 48 bits. Exclusive OR: automatic automatic A·B v B·C: .214 Comparison Numbers: 2 instructions llD sign. Letters: 2 instructions 48 bits. Mixed: 2 instructions 4B bits. Collating sequence: 0 to 9 " = : + A to I ; . ) %0 -JtoR#$*"/StoZ@, ( CR. . 215 Code translation Size Provision From To 6B alpha Oto BOC. automatic 12B card col 4B unsigned D OtoBOD. automatic 12B card col automatic 12B card col 4B signed D Oto11D. Oto BOD. automatic 12B card col 3B octal 12Bcardcol Oto80C. automatic 6B alpha automatic 4BunsignedD 12Bcardcol Oto80D. automatic 4B signed D 12Bcardcol OtoBOD. 12Bcardcol Oto BOD. automatic 3B octal print image Oto 120C. automatic 6B alpha Oto 120C. print image automatic 4B decimal print image Oto 120C. automatic 3B octal automatic 4B hexadec 4B decimal 1 word. Note: B = binary bits. C = alphameric characters. D = decimal digits. automatic Size 3 address. none. up to 4, 095. up to 4, 095 • CENTRAL PROCESSOR § 505:051.236 051. . 236 Directly addressed operands .2361 Internal storage type:. core. Maximum size: . . . . 32,768 locations. Volume accessible: 4,096 with anyone bank setting . . 2362 Increased address capacity: .. • . . . . by use of one of eight bank settings. .237 Address indexing . 2371 Number of methods:. 1. direct. . 2372 Names: . . . • . . . . 2373 Indexing rule: . . . . . the contents of a specified index register are added modulo 4, 096 to the associated address. · 2374 Index specification: . 1 of 3 indices (or none) specified by 2 bits for each address. · 2375 Number of potential indexers: . . . . . . . 3 . . 2376 Addresses which can be indexed Type of address Application Operands:. . . . out-of-bank addressing, counting, and modification. · 2377 Cumulative indexing: . . . none. · 2378 Combined index and step: . . . . . . . none. . 238 Indirect addressing: .. none. · 239 Stepping . 2391 Specification of increment: . . . . . . in stepping instruction. . 2392 Increment sign: . . . . positive . . 2393 Size of increment: .. 0 to 4,095. .2394 End value: . . . . . . . specified in register. .2395 Combined step and test: . . . . . . . . • . yes. . 24 Special Processor Storage .241 Category of Storage Index registers; Sequence register: .242 Category of Storage Index & sequence registers: Number of Size locations in bits 3 1 12 12 Program usage modification. program counter. Total Access number Physical time, locations form ~ Cycle time ~ · 316 Accessibility to program: . . . . addressable • .317 Permanent or optional modifier: . . . . . . . . optional. · 32 Look-Ahead: . . . . .33 Interruption none. .331 Possible causes In-out units: . . . . . .332 .334 .335 end of operation. end of tape . In-out controllers: . faulty transfer. Processor errors: .. overflow. editing illegal char. Program ~ontrol Individual control: .. as indicated by programmer. Method: . . . . . . . . . by instruction and special control register. Interruption conalways when operation is ditions: initiated, unless restricted by special control register settings. Interruption process Disabling interrupyes; by control register tion: setting. Registers saved: ... all. fixed locations, dependent Destination: on type of interruption• Control methods Determine cause: ... location arrived at indicates cause. Enable interruption: . yes . ........ .......... ..... .336 normally restricted to one main run and one independent peripheral operation. .34 Multi-running: .35 Multi-seguencing: ..• none. .4 PROCESSOR SPEEDS · 41 Instruction Times in klsec Decimal (8 digit operands) .411 Fixed point Add-subtract: . . 78. Multiply: . . . . . 890 + 39Z. t Divide:. . . . . . . 1210 + 52Q. t Z = number of non-zero digits. Q = sum of quotient digits. 4 core location .3 SEQUENCE CONTROL FEATURES .31 Instruction Seguencing 6 6.5. · 412 Floating point Add-subtract: . . • . . 130 to 149. :j: Multiply: . . . . . • . . 1,014 + 39Z.:I: Divide: . . . . . . . . . . 884 to 4,641.:j: Z .311 Number of sequence control facilities: ... one. . 312 Arrangement: . . . . . . sequence register. . 313 Precedence rule: . . . . interrupts take precedence but do not affect the sequence counter. .314 Special sub-sequence counters: . . • . . . . . none. .315 Sequence control step size: . . . . . . . . . . . instructions; i. e. , words. = number of non-zero digits in the multiplier. · 413 Additional allowance for Indexing: . . . . . . . . 6.5. Indirect addressing:. not available. Re-complementing: 45. .414 Control Branch: . . . . . . .. 32. Compare & branch: 78. · 415 Counter control Step and test: .. . . . 45 to 65. @1964 Auerbach Corporation and Info, Inc. 3/64 505:051.416 HONEYWELL 1400 § 051. . 416 Edit: . . . . . . . . . • . . 52 to 78D. none. . 417 Convert:..... . 418 Shift: . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 + 6. 5B. B = Bits or decimal digits. .42 Processor Performance in /lsec .421 For random addresses c = a + b: . . . . . . . . b = a + b: . . . . . . . . Sum N items: . . . . . c = ab: . . . . . . . . . . c = alb: . . . . . . . . . Fixed Point 78 78 78N 890 + 39D t 1210+52D t Fixed Point .422 For arrays of data ci = ai + br . . . . . . . 215 bj = ai + b i : . . . . . . . 215 Sum N items:' . . . . . 147N t c = c + aibj= . . • . . . 1,360 t .423 Branch based on comparison Numeric data: . . . . . 142. Alphabetic data: . . . . 142. .424 Switching Unchecked: . . . . . . . 112. Checked: . . . . . . . . 282. List search: . . . . . . 70 + 112N. . 425 Format control per character Unpack: . . . . . . . . . 8. 5. Compose: . . . . . . . . 10.5 Floating Point 130 to 149.:1: 130 to 149. 130 to 149N.:j: 1, 014+39Z.:I: 884 to 4,641. + * Floating Point 280 to 299.:j: 280 to 299. f 280 to 299N. :I: 1,483 to 1,814.+ tUsing optional Multiply-Divide hardware. :I: Using optional Floating Point hardware. 3/64 .426 Table look-up per comparison For a match: . . . . . . 142 . For least or greatest: . . . . . . • 177 • For interpolation point: . . • . . . . . . 142 . . 427 Bit indicators Set bit in separate location: . . . . . . . . 58. Set bit in pattern:. . . 58. Test bit in separate location: . . . . . . . . 78. Test bit in pattern: .. 56. Test AND for B bits: 56. Test OR for B bits: . 56. .428 Moving data: . . . . . . . 32 + 26N for N-word transfer (8 characters per word). .8 ERRORS, CHECKS AND ACTION Check or Interlock Overflow: Underflow: Zero divisor: Invalid data: Invalid operation: Arithmetic error: Invalid address: interrupt not possible. interrupt interrupt check none • check Receipt of data: Dispatch of data: interrupt interrupt * Sequence counter not changed. jump to std location*. jump to std loc1l.tion*. jump to std location*. machine halt. adjusted modulo memory size. jump to std location*. jump to std location*. 505:061.100 Honeywell 1400 Console CONSOLE § .13 061. .1 GENERAL . 11 Identity: .. . 12 Associated Units: . . . . Input Keyboard. Output Typewriter. . 13 Operator's Console. Description The H-1400 Operator's Console consists of a desk and display panel which contain a small complement of pushbutton switches and indicator lights. An input keyboard, which is built into the desk top, permits direct communication with the central processor. A typewriter located behind the sloping display panel can monitor the system by typing data directly from storage. Description (Contd.) • Determine the status of each peripheral device; i. e., check for "ready" or error condition. Q Determine the cause of a processor stop (machine or program fault) . The input keyboard consists of 53 keys in a standard typewriter arrangement. It is used by the operator to perform the following operations: III Print the contents of a selected storage location. o Enter data into a selected storage location. o Load starting address and start processing. o Select a card or tape unit and start initial loading of a "bootstrap" program. o Rewind tape on a selected tape unit. The console switches and displays enable the operator to: • Start and stop execution of the stored program. o Clear certain registers and reset error indicators. o Set four independent program control (breakpoint) switches. o Type log data without entering it into the computer. The console typewriter acts as an output device under program control. Three instructions are available to provide for alphameric, octal or decimal printout formats. A one-word console buffer enables other instructions to be processed during the relatively long printing time of 100 to 200 milliseconds per character. ©1964 Auerbach Corporation and Info,lnc. 3/64 505: 071. 100 • STANDI" EDP • REPORTS Honeywe II 1400 Input-Output Punched Paper Tape Reader INPUT-OUTPUT: PUNCHED TAPE READER §071. .1 GENERAL .11 Identity: . . . . . . . . Punched Paper Tape Reader and Control 409. Burroughs Corp. Unit B 141. • 12 Description .23 Multiple Copies: . . . . none. • 24 Arrangement of Heads Use of station: . Stacks: . . . . . Heads/stack:. . Method of use: • . 25 The 409 Punched Paper Tape Reader and Control can read strips of paper tape at 500 frames per second, or reels at 1,000 frames per second. Peak speed is only attained after 15 frames have been read without . 3 interruptions. During the reading time. the processor is effectively restricted to the read tape instruc.31 tion. Each data frame is right-justified in twelvebit sections of 48-bit words and transferred to storage. The reader can handle codes of up to eight bits. .311 • 312 The data read is dependent upon standard subroutines to accomplish conversion to Honeywell 1400 .32 codes, but these are fast and simple. The amount of data read is instruction -controlled and can vary .321 from 1 to 256 frames. The effective speed varies .322 from 71 to 492 frames per second in the medium.323 speed mode and from 142 to 984 frames per second • 324 in the high-speed mode. The reader can read tape either from spools or in strips. It uses swing arms for tension, and spool motor drive control. The read mechanism is photoelectric and the tape is driven by a pinch roller. An automaac rewinding feature is incorporated in the unit. .13 Availability : 6 months. • 14 First Delivery: . . July, 1962. ·2 PHYSICAL FORM · 21 Drive Mechanism . 211 Drive past the head: . . 212 Reservoirs Number: . Form: . . Capacity: . • 213 Feed drive: • 214 Take-up drive: . Range of Symbols Numerals: • . . . any 5- to 8-bit code. EXTERNAL STORAGE Form of Storage Medium: . . • Phenomenon-: . paper tape . punched holes. Positional Arrangement Serial by: Parallel by: Bands: Track use Data: •. Redundancy check: • .. Timing: . . . . . Control signals: Unused: . Total: • · .... . 325 Row use Data: Gap: by row, lO/inch. 5 to 8 tracks. none. 5 to 8 tracks. -any- track except sprocket. track 4 (sprocket track) none. none. 5 to 8 plus sprocket track• all rows. none. .33 Coding:. .34 Format Compatiblitr one character per row. using 5 to 8 bits; any 5-, 6-, 7- or 8-bit code . pinch roller friction . 2. swinging arms. 3 feet. servo motor . servo motor. Other device or system Code translation H 401: translation provided by routine. · ....... .35 · 22 read. 1. 8 plus sprocket. frame at a time. Physical Dimensions Sensing and Recording Systems • 221 Recording system: . · 222 Sensing system: . • 223 Common system: . none. pho~oelectric. .351 Overall width: . 352 Length: . .. · none. © 1963 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated 11/16; 7/8; 1 inch • 8 to 700 ft. by O. 1 inch. 4-foot leader. 4-foot trailer. 6/63 505:071.400 § HONEYWELL 1400 071. .56 .4 CONTROLLER .41 Identity: •..... . 42 Connection to System . 421 On-line: . 422 Off-line: • . . . . . . · 43 Disabled: . . Busy device: Output lock: Nearly exhausted: Busy controller: • End of medium marks: controller contained in reader up to 5 . none. Connection to Device Testable Conditions .6 PERFORMANCE · 61 Conditions .431 Devices per controller: 1. . 432 Restrictions:. . . . . . none. I: . · 44 II: Data Transfer Control . 441 Size of load: . . .. .442 Input-output areas: · 443 Input-output area access: . . . . • . 444 Input-output area lockout: . . . . . . 445 Table control: . . . 446 Synchronization:. · 447 Synchronizing aids: 1 to 256 frames. core storage. none . none. none . program. test busy. .5 PROGRAM FACILITIES AVAILABLE . 51 Blocks . 511 Size of block: . 512 Block demarcation Input: • . . . . . • . 52 Input-Output Operations .521 . 522 · 523 . 524 Input:. . . Output: .. Stepping:. Skipping:. · 525 Marking:. .526 Searching: .53 Code Translation: .54 Format Control Control: . • . . Format alternatives: Rearrangement: .. · 55 Request interrupt: • Select format: Select code: Rewind: Unload: . . . full speed 1,000 frames/sec. medium speed 500 frames/sec • Speeds .621 Nominal ot' peak speed: I; 1,000 frames/sec. II; 500 frames/sec. · 622 Important parameters Full Speed: . . . 1,000 frames/sec. Medium speed: . 500 frames/sec. Start time: 5 msec. Stop time: . . . 1 msec. · 623 Overhead: • . . • start/stop time .. · 624 Effective speeds: I; I, OOON/ (N + 6) frames/sec • II; 50ON/(N +6) frames/sec . N =number of frames per read instruction (256 max) • count in instruction. 1 to 256 frames . none. none . unload forward or rewind. till end of tape is reached. none. none. by program. .63 Condition Reading 1 frame at a time: Procesaot: msec I n Reading 2 or more frames at a time: Processor: I .7 n EXTERNAL FACILITIES .71 Adjustments 8!. rearrangement of tracks. · 72 disable up to 3 tracks manual. yes. none. none. yes. yes. Demands on System Component plugboard. Control Operations Disable: . . . . . . 6/63 1 to 256 frames . .62 no. not necessary. no. no. no . metallic foil at each end of tape . per frame ot Petcentage 0.07 0.07 or or 1.0 or 100. or 100. 2.0 Adjustment Method Comments Width: movable tape guides Other Controls detents. 7. 3.5 Function Form Comment Parity check: Feed control: Switch switch Backspace: RewiDd: Unload: lever button button allows checking odd/even or no parity. allows tape to be fed from reel clockWise (Reel Normal) or countetclockwise (Reel Revetse) or strips (Strip). moves tape backward one frame. move to end of tape. wind forward to end of tape. INPUT-OUTPUT: PUNCHED TAPE READER § .8 071. . 73 505:071.730 Loading and Unloading .731 Volumes handled Storage Reel: . . . • • • 732 Replenishment time:. . 733 Adjustment time: • .734 Optimum reloading period: • • . . . • ERRORs, CHECKS AND ACTION Error Capacity 700 feet. 1 to 2 mins • reader needs to be stopped. 5 to 10 mins • 1.4 mins. Recording: Reading: Input area overflow: Invalid code: Exhausted medium: Check or Interlock none. parity check none. none. tape tension and metallic foU Imperfect medium: sprocket check Timing conflicts: none. ©.1963 by Auerboch Corporotion and BNA Incorporated Action stoppage and signal to controL stoppage. alarm. stoppage. alarm. 6/63 505:072.100 .STANOAAD II EDP Honeywell 1400 Input-Output Paper Tape Punch REPORTS INPUT-OUTPUT: PUNCHED PAPER TAPE PUNCI1 § 072. .25 .1 GENERAL .11 Identity: .12 .. . . . . . . Range of Symbols Letters: Special: Punched Paper Tape Punch and Control 410. Teletype BRPE Punch. Total: . Description .3 EXTERNAL STORAGE The 410-1 is a combination Punched Paper Tape Punch and Control Unit designed to prepare fivechannel punched paper tape, ten frames to the inch, at 110 characters per second. The 410-2 is the same, except that it punches six-, seven-, or eightchannel tape. The image to be punched is packed 4 characters to a 48-bit word. The last character to be punched reqUires about 4.5 milliseconds of processor time and all other characters occupy the processor full time; 1. e., nine milliseconds. For this reason, the programming practice may be to punch one character at a time even though up to 256 characters can be punched by one instruction. .31 Form of Storage . 311 Medium: . . . . 312 Phenomenon: • . . .32 . 321 Serial by: .322 Parallel by: • 14 ·2 PHYSICAL FORM • 21 Drive Mechanism · 211 Drive past the head: • .212 Reservoirs. Number: . . . . . Form: . . . . . . . Capacity: . . . .213 Feed drive: . . . . .214 Take-up drive:. . . . 22 sprocket drive pull. • 33 Coding: . .34 Format Compatibility 2. swinging arm. 3 feet. servo motor. servo motor. Any compatible punched tape reader: . . . · 221 Recording system: . · 222 Sensing system: • • 223 Common system: die punch. none. none. .35 · 23 Multiple Copies: . none. .352 Length:. . . . • 24 Arrangement of Heads 410-1 410-2 .4 CONTROLLER Use of station: . Stacks: . . . . Heads/stack: . . punch 1 5 plus sprocket frame at a time punch. .41 Identity:.... © 1963 10 rows/inch • 410-1; 5 tracks. 410-2; 8 tracks. none . 410-1 410-2 rnone s.- .none. 1 1. none none 5 plus sprocket none. none. 8 plus sprocket. all rows. none. 410-1; any 5-bit code. 410-2; any 6-, 7-, or 8-bit code. Other device or system Code translation Sensing and Recording Systems Method of use: • paper tape . punch holes. Positional Arrangement .323 Bands: . 324 Track use Data: . Redundancy check: . Although (unlike the card code conversion) no special Timing:.. .. edit instructions are available for paper tape, a very Control signals: simple and fast subroutine is available for accomUnused: . plishing character (or digit) to punch code'converTotal: . sion. This technique permits the use of any size (up to eight- bit) or configuration of code patterns. .325 Row use Availability: • . 6 months. Data: Gap: First Delivery: • . • • August, 1962. .13 410-1; any five-bit code . 410-2; any 6-, 7-, or 8-bit code. 410-1; 25 symbols. 410-2; 28 symbols. Physical Dimensions .351 Overall width: 1. 8 plus sprocket. frame at a time. programmed . 410-1; 11/16". 410-2; 7/8" or 1 ". 6 to 1, 000 feet. H 410. .42 . Connection to System .421 On-line: .422 Off-line: by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated 1. none. 6/63 505:072.430 § HONEYWELL 1400 072. .43 Connection to Device .431 Devices per controller: . .432 Restrictions: • .44 2. none. Data Transfer Control . 441 Size of load: • . . .442 Input-output areas: .443 Input-output area access: • • 444 Input-output area lockout: • . 445 Table control: • • 446 Synchronization: . .447 Synchronizing aids: 1 to 256 frames. core storage PERFORMANCE .62 Speeds .621 Nominal or peak speed: .622 Important parameters punch a frame: . .. • 623 Overhead: .624 Effective speeds: . . .63 none. none. program. test busy. .51 Blocks Condition msec I!er frame Processor: Processor: P~ocessor: punch 1 frame punch additional frames 4.5 9.1 .7 EXTERNAL FACILITIES .71 Adjustments Percentage 50. 100. Adjust guide. 8-bit frame • .72 counter in instruction. Other Controls Comment Function Form Rewind: switch tape must be removed from punch head . .52 Input-Output Operations .521 . 522 . 523 .524 . 525 •..526 Input: •. Output: .• Stepping: • Skipping: • Marking: • Searching: none. 1 to 256 frames • 1 frame forward • none. none. none. .731 Volumes handled Storage Reel: .732 Replenishment time:. .53 Code Translation: by program. • 734 Optimum reloading period: . . . . . . • 54 Format Control: • none. .8 .55 Control Operations: none. .56 Testable Conditions 6/63 9.09 msec. none . 110 frames/sec. Demands on System ComI!0nent PROGRAM FACILITIES AVAILABLE Disabled: .• Busy device: Output lock: Nearly exhausted: Busy controller: End of medium marks: 110 frames/sec. none . .5 . 511 Size of block: .512 Block demarcation Output: • . . . . . .6 no. not necessary. no. 20 feet. not necessary. no. • 73 Loading and Unloading ..... Capacity 1,000 ft. 2 to 5 minutes . punch needs to be stopped . 18 mins. ERRORS, CHECKS AND ACTION Check or Error Interlo~K Recording: Reading: Input area overflow: Output block size: Invalid code: Exhausted medium: Imperfect medium: Timing conflicu: none. not possible. not possible. implicit. not possible. check none. not possible. Action special branching. 505:073.100 Honeywell 1400 Input-Output Card Reoder-Punch INPUT-OUTPUT: CARD READER-PUNCH . 12 § 073. .1 GENERAL .11 Identity: .. .12 Description to be punched. Punching will usually be preceded by a programmed conversion from internal character code (alphabetic, decimal, or octal) to standard Hollerith code, using special edit instructions. A post-punch reading station permits a hole-count comparison check to be made on the data punched. Any discrepancy results in a forced transfer of control to an error routine after punching is completed on the following card. An Offset Stack instruction can then be used in the error routine to cause the error card to be deposited in the reject stacker. The 1,200-card feed hopper and two 1, OOO-card stackers (normal and reject) can be loaded or unloaded without stopping the punch. 427-1 Card Reader-Punch (IBM 1402 Card ReadPunch). The 427-1 Card Reader-Punch utilizes the IBM 1402 Card Read-Punch mechanism, which consists of an 800-card-per-minute reader and a 250card-per-minute punch housed in the same cabinet. From the user's viewpoint, the reader and punch are completely independent. One 427-1 can be used in a Honeywell 1400 system. The older, 650-card-per-minute model 423-2 Card Reader (see Section 501:073) can be used instead of the 427, although it is no longer available from the manufacturer. The 1411 Card Storage Option is available for use with the 427-1 Reader-Punch. The Card Storage Option provides a one-card buffer store which enhances the simultaneous processing capability of the H-1400 system. With this option, either card reading or card punching, but not both, can occur simultaneously with internal processing. Processing is delayed only during the 0.55 millisecond interval that is required to load or unload the card buffer for each card punched or read. The reader portion of the 427-1 reads standard 80-column cards at a peak speed of 800 cards per minute. A binary image of each card column is stored in a 12-bit section of a 48-bit word. A fixed input area of 20 words (core locations 0005400073) is reserved for storage of the card image in card column sequence. Special edit instructions can then be used to convert standard Hollerith card codes into any of three internal representations: 6-bit alphameric, 4-bit decimal, or 3-bit octal characters. A hole-count comparison check is made upon each row read from the card, using a second reading station, and the bit configuration of each character is checked for validity after it has been converted to alphameric, decimal, or octal form. If either of these checks discloses an error condition, a forced transfer of control to an error routine will take place. Two types of read and punch instructions are available on the H-1400 system: "interlocked" and "without interlock" instructions. Varying portions of the read and punch cycles are available for simultaneous central processor operations, depending upon whether or not the initiating instruction was interlocked and whether or not the system is equipped with the Card Storage Option. The interlock instruction prevents internal processing during the acceleration period of the reader or punch; if the interlock is removed, then internal processing can proceed during the acceleration period. A hopper with a 3, OOO-card capacity and 3 stackers with 1, OOO-card capacities can be loaded and unloaded without stopping the reader. All cards are routed to stacker 3 after they have been read unless a Reject Card instruction specifies that stacker 1 or 2 shall be selected instead. An "Early Card Read" feature is incorporated into the 427 -1, providing a 3-point clutch so that card reading can be initiated at 25-millisecond intervals. In addition, an "Interchangeable Feed" feature is available on an optional basis. This feature permits reading of either 80- or 51-column cards by interchanging hardware. The punch unit punches standard 80-column cards at a peak speed of 250 cards per minute. A fixed output area of 20 words (core locations 0007400093) is used to store a binary image of the card Description (Contd. ) During each 75-millisecond card reader cycle, the time available for overlapped internal processing is a minimum 31 milliseconds without interlock and only 6 milliseconds in the interlocked mode. During each 250-millisecond card punch cycle, the time available for internal processing is a minimum 55 milliseconds without interlock and only 10 milliseconds in the interlock,ed mode. As explained in the preceding paragraph, the Card Storage Option permits better than 99 per cent overlapping of card reading or punching with internal processing. .13 Availability: .. 9 months. .14 First Delivery: January, 1964. @1964 Auerbach Corporation and Info, Inc. 3/64 505:081.100 .STANOARD EDP _ R[!'ORTS Honeywell 1400 Input-Output Printer INPUT-OUTPUT: PRINTER (422-3 AND 422-4) § .232 Types of master Multilith: . Xerox: Spirit: .• 081. ,.1 GENERAL . 11 Identity: • . 12 Printer. 422-3. 422-4. .24 Description The 422-3 and 422-4 are essentially identical units except that the 422-3 can print in any 120 out of 160 print positions and is plugboard-wired, whereas the 422-4 has a fixed 120 positions. They are manufactured by Honeywell, but are quite similar to the equivalent Anelex units. The printers can print at up to 900 lines per minute, single spaced. At double and one-inch spacing, the speed drops to 800 and 560 lines per minute respectively. These speeds are due to unclutched operation which permits printing to begin as soon as requested, provided that the ul).it has completed the previous operation. Printing with a restricted range of symbols may increase the speed up to 1,200 lines per minute. Paper tape loop control provides automatic or semi-automatic paper spacing. Arrangement of Heads Type 422-3 Use of station: • Stacks: . • . . Heads/stack: .• print .25 Type 422-4 print. 1. 160 (120 used 120. at a time) line at a time line at a time. 1 Method of use: . Range of Symbols Numerals: Letters: • Special * : 10 26 20 ALGOL set: FORTRAN set: . Basic COBOL set: Total: . . . . . . 56. 0 - 9. A - Z. ' = & + ; . ) %- # $ , / @, (* CR : [j' yes. yes. yes. * Also, 6 special drums are available with different Options special symbols. ,A print storage option is available which eliminates about 98% of the processor time that is required when the buffer is not used. Without the buffer, the processor is inhibited for 53 milliseconds after a print instruction is initiated, after which computing may resume. Model 1 uses the same special characters as the IBM' 407 keypunch, but with the following added: , = +) (" Model 2 uses the l'BM 12F "Selfcheck" font, suitable for use with the optical scanner. A 6 or 8 line per inch vertical spacing option is also available. Availability: 9 months. .14 First Delivery: December, 1961. .2 PHYSICAL FORM .21 Drive Mechanism . 211 Drive past the head: . .212 Reservoirs: Model 3 and 4 include the pound sterling symbol (L) as well as the dollar sign ($). Model 5 replaces various commercial symbols with lower case t and 0 and the following Greek letters: .13 • 22 yes. yes. yes. Model 6 adds second versions of the following: / sprocket drive push & pull tractors. none. and adds: ¢ and Sensing and Recording Systems The following are omitted: · 221 Recording system: . on the fly hammer stroke against engraved drum. • 23 yes. Multiple Copies: . · 231 Maximum number Interleaved carbon: t • 10 (8-pound paper). © 1963 " + ; ) ( •3 EXTERNAL STORAGE · 31 Form of Storage · 311 Medium: • • . • . ,312 Phenomenon: . . . by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated paper. printing. 6/63 HONEYWELL 1400 505:081.320 § 081. · 32 Positional Arrangement • 321 Serial by: . · 322 Parallel by: line, 6 or 8 per inch • 120 char, 10 per inch. · 33 Coding:... 6 bits per char. .34 Format Compatibility:. none. . 35 Physical Dimensions .53 Code Translation: .54 Format Control edit instructions. plugboard. yes. none. Rearrangement: Insert spaces: Recording density:. .55 Control Operations "End of run" light: . . 351 Overall width: . . . 352 Length: • . . . . 353 Maximum margins Left: Right: . . . . . 3. 5 to 22 inches . indefinite . .. . . .4 CONTROLLER . 41 Identity: . 42 450 Print Storage Option . 418 Off-line Controller (422-4) only. 1400 Central Processor. · 43 . 1. Associated equipment Off-line Controller Type 418 using a Magnetic Tape Type 404- 3 and a Printer Type 422-4. Testable Conditions no . not necessary. 30 lines. yes. Disabled: . . . . . Busy device: .. . Nearly exhausted: Busy controller: . 3 inches. 3 inches. Connection to System . 421 On-line: . 422 Off-line Use Printer: . .56 activate • .6 PERFORMANCE .62 Speeds .621 Nominal or peak speed: '.622 Important parameters Cycle time: • . . . Printing time: . . Spacing time first line: . . . . . . . Spacing time additionalline~. .623 Overhead: . . . . • 624 Effective speeds:' 900 lines per min. 67 msec. 53 msec . 14 msec . 8 msec. spacing time; operation is unc1utched. . 60, 000/(59+8L) lines/min . L = average number of lines skipped per print. Connection to Device . 63 · 431 Devices per controller: 1. · 432 Restrictions:. . . . . . none. · 44 Demands on System Component Condition Processor: Processor with print storage option: print msec per or Percentage line Data Transfer Control . 441 Size oUoad: • . . . . 442 Input-output areas: .443 Input-output area access: . . . . . . 444 Input-output area lockout: . . . . . .445 Table control: .. . 446 Synchronization:. · 447 Synchronizing aids: 120 char . fixed in core . y,es. none . automatic. interrupt when finished printing, and before spacing. PROGRAM FACILITIES AVAILABLE .51 Blocks .52 .524 Skipping:. .525 Marking: . · 526 Searching: 6/63 .7 EXTERNAL FACILITIES .71 Adjustments 0.84 1.3 Method Adjustment Head of form: .72 ... . . hand-operated vernier screw . Other Controls Function Form Manual single space: Manual form space: Stop at next'head of form: • . . button. button. 120 char . fixed. . .. Input-Output Operations .522 Output: . . . 523 Stepping: . print 79.1. char or words. .5 .511 Size of block: . 512 Block demarcation Output: . . . . . . 53.0 1 ,line . print then step, 0 to 63 lines. paper tape loop; print then skip. none. none. .73 button. Loading. and Unloading .. .731 Volumes handled: • 732 Replenishment time: . .733 Adjustment time: .734 Optimum reloading period: . • • • . . box of forms. 0.5 to 3 mins. needs to be stopped. 2 to 5 mins. ? INPUT - OUTPUT: PRINT ER (422-3 AND 422-4) § 505:081.800 081. .8 ERRORS, CHECKS AND ACTION Check or Error Interlock Action Recording: Output block size: Invalid code: Exhausted medium: echo check fixed. none. interlock Ribbon Tension: interlock Cycle check: check program jump. device stoppage with operator indication. device stoppage with operator indication. device stoppage with operator indication. © 1963 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated 6/63 HONEYWELL 1400 505:081.801 § EFFECTIVE SPEED 081. 422.3 AND 422·4 PRINTERS 6,000 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 900 800 700 I'- f'. 600 " Effective Speed: 500 Printed Lines per Minute 400 ~ ......... , ......... 300 '-. ~ ............... 200 -----.... ---------- ; 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 : 30 20 o 1/2 1 2 3 Inter- Line Pitch in Inches 6/63 4 5 505:091.100 ·STANDAAD EDP _ Honeywell 1400 Input-Output Magnetic Tape REPORTS INPUT-OUTPUT: MAGNETIC TAPE § .12 091. .1 GENERAL . 11 Identity: .• .12 Description Magnetic Tape Unit . 404-1, 404-2, 404-3. Except in speed, the 404-1, 404-2 and 404-3 Magnetic Tape Units are similar units. The 404-1 and 404-2 pass tape at 120 inches per second and the 404-3 at 60 inches per second. Rewinding speed is three times as fast in each case. A row on any 404 tape consists of ten bits, including eight for data and one each for parity and timing. Each row contains either two digits or one and a third characters; i.e., an eight-bit segment from a 48-bit word. The recording density is 400 rows per inch on the 404-1 and 404-3, and 555 rows per inch on the 404-2. Peakand effective data transfer speeds, in characters per second and digits per second, are shown below • When card reading is liable to be in process simultaneously with tape operations, tape block lengths must be limited so that no interference occurs between the two operations. This is done by providing an 18-millisecond period before the card reader starts transferring data, during which time no tape read or write operations will be initiated. It is therefore advised that no tape instructions should be allowed which will take longer than this 18 milliseconds to complete. This reduces the effective speed to between one-third and one-half of the peak speed. Details are shown in the table below. To keep tape running at full speed requires very careful programming. After the data transmission Description (Contd.) has ceased, there is time for only 20 simple instructions to be executed before a further tape instruction is given. Since magnetic tape input and output can be overlapped with one another but not with internal processing, programming is geared towards processing a block and then writing it out and reading in the next block at the same time. It is not possible to use the same area for simultaneous input and output. Orthotronic control words (which consist of 96 parity bits arranged in two words) can be generated by program in the processor and appended to the tape record. Special instructions are also included in the processor to use the Orthotronic words in reconstructing data read from tape with parity errors. When the errors can be traced to a particular track on the tape, a special read instruction is used to regenerate the data. The incorrect track is replaced by a new track generated from the remaining data and parity tracks. The Orthotronic procedures can also be used to verify this data. These units are equipped with vacuum capstans and brakes which minimize wear by spreading acceleration forces over a larger area of tape than is customary with pinch rollers. The oxide surface of the tape touches only the read-write head. The reels and sections of the tape are accessible even when reading or writing is taking place, although this disrupts the pressurized, air-cleaned environment that is normally maintained over the tape. A writeenable ring can be inserted after tapes have been mounted. A second write interlock is provided by a toggle switch on the control panel. Performance Characteristics of 404 Tape Units Stopping Between Blocks Condition: Not Stopping Between mocks Model: 404-3 404-1 404-2 404-3 404-1 404-2 32,000 48,000 64,000 96,000 . 89,000 133,000 32,000 48,000 64,000 96,000 89,000 133,000 24',200 36,300 48,400 72,600 58,500 87,750 21,400 32,100 39,000 58,850 47,000 70,500 400 600 800 1,200 1,120 1,680 400 600 800 1,200 1,120 1,680 17,400 26,100 43,000 64,500 60,000 90,000 14,500 21,750 35,000 52,500 49,000 73,500 Peak Rates: Char/sec. Digits/sec. Effective Rates (1,000 character blocks): Char/sec. Digits/ sec. Suggested maximum block sizes: Characters Digits Effective Rates with suggested block sizes: Char/sec. Digits/sec. © 1963 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated 6/63 505:091.130 § HONEYWELL 1400 091. .34 . 13 Availability: 6 months • . 14 First Delivery: • 404-1 December, 1961. 404-21962. 404-3 January, 1963. •2 PHYSICAL FORM .21 Drive Mechanism Other device or system Code translation Honeywell 800/1800: • compatible. Honeywell 400 off line printers: . . compatible. Honeywell 1400: •• compatible • .35' • 211 Drive past the head:. • 212 Reservoirs Number: Form: Capacity: • • 213 Feed drive: . 214 Take-up drive: • 22 .351 Overall width: • 352 Length: . . • • 2. .4 CONTROLLER vacuum. 7 feet each. own motor • own motor • .41 Identity:.... .42 Connection to System . 221 Recording system: . 222 Sensing system: .223 Common system: magnetic head . magnetic head . single head. .23 Multiple Copies: none. .24 Arrangement of Heads D. C. erase. 1. 1. full row. .43 Use of station: Distance: • Stacks: • Heads/stack: • Method of use: read/write. 0.213 inch. 1. .44 .31 Form of Storage .311 Medium: •• • 312 Phenomenon: .32 Serial by: • Parallel by: Bands: • . Track use Data: •. Redundancy check: • Timing: Total: . .325 Row use Data:. Gap: • 6/63 row at a time. plastic base magnetizable tape • magnetization. Positional Arrangement .321 .322 • 323 .324 .33 10. Coding: row, 400 per inch. 10 tracks, 0.035 inch. none. 8. 1. 1. 10. 3 to 511 words. 0.61 inch. 8 bits out of a 48-bit word are recorded in each row; this may be considered two digits or 1-1/3 alpha characters. 0.748 to 0.750 in • 250 to 2, 550 feet . • built into processor • .421 On-line: • • • • . • • 1. •422 Off-line Associated equipment Use Connect H 400 to H 1400/H 800 or H 800 or H 1800 and type other H 400:. . 405 switch. Off-line printer: type 418 off-line controller & type 422-4 printer. Use of station: Stacks: • • • Heads/stack: Method of use: EXTERNAL STORAGE Physical Dimensions vacuum capstan . SenSing and Recording Systems .3 Format Compatibility Connection to Device .431 Devices per controller: 8. .432 Restrictions:. • • • . none. Data Transfer Control •441 Size of load: .442 Input-output areas: .443 Input-output area access:. • 444 Input-output area lockout: .445 Table control: •446 Synchronization: · . · . 3 to 511 words • any core location. any word. none • none . automatic. .5 PROGRAM FACILITIES AVAILABLE .51 mocks .511 Size of block: •512 mock demarcation Input: Output: • .· · .52 3 to 511 words . gap . count in instruction • Input-Output Operations . .. 521 Input: •522 Output: .523 Stepping: .524 Skipping: • 525 Marking: •526 Searching: 1 block forward. 1 block forward. 1 block forward or backward. none • none . none. .53 Code Translation: matched codes. .54 Format Control: none. INPUT-OUTPUT: MAGNETIC TAPE § 505:091.550 091. . 55 Control Operations Disable: . . . . . Request interrupt: Select format: Select code: Rewind:' . • • Unload: • • . • 56 yes. no. no. not necessary • yes. no. Testable Conditions Disabled: . . . . Busy device: . • • Output lock: . . . Nearly exhausted: . Busy controller: • End of medium marks: no. not necessary. no. 1 block writing. none. implicit. .624 Effective speeds (Contd.) Stopping between blocks 404-3: • • . • • • 48,OOON/(732+N) digits/sec. 32,OOOC/(488+C) char/sec. 404-1: . . • . • . 96, 000N/(954 +N) digits/sec. 64,OOOC/(636+C) char/sec. 404-2: 133, OOON/(l, 284+N) digits/sec . 89,OOOC/(876+C) char/sec. where N '" number of decimal digits per block. C = number of alphameric characters per block. .63 .6 PERFORMANCE .61 Conditions Demands on System Component Operation Msec per block Percentage Processor: compute Orthocount O. 08 + 0.013n, 100"/0 Processor: I: • II: .62 stopping between nlocks . not stopping between blocks. Speeds .7 EXTERNAL FACILITIES .71 Adjustments .621 Nominal or peak speed 404-3: 48,OOO·digits/sec. 32,000 characters/sec. 404-1: 96,000 digits/sec. . 64,000 characters/sec. 404-2: 133,000 digits/sec. 89,000 characters/sec • . 622 Important parameters 404-3 . 404-1, 404-2 Start/stop time msec: 3.5/5.0 2.7/3.5 Start/stop distance inches: . • • . • . 0.15/0.24 0.15/0.27 Gap, inches: • . • • 0.67 0.67 Min. cross-gap time: 11.1 5.55 Additional time if tapes' stop between blocks (msec):. . • 3.9 4.15 Tape speed (ins/sec):. 60 120 Pulse density (rOWS/in): • 400 400 (404-1) 555 (404-2) • 623 Overhead: . . gap time • start/ stop time. Orthotronic check word passage time. • 624 Effective speeds Not stopping between blocks 404-3:. . . • . .• 48,OOON/(556+N) digits/sec. 32, 000C/(370 +C) char/sec. 404-1:. . • • . •• 96,OOON/(556+N) digits/sec. 64, 000C/(370 +C) char/sec. 404-2: • • • . • . • 133,OOON/(760+N) digits/ sec. 89,OOOC/(51O+C) char/sec. © 1963 read, write" or read and write where n = number ofwotds • variable; does not include stop time of tape Adjustment Method can be done while tape is in motion. Other Controls Function Fonn Tape change: toggle .73 and data transfer time. Comment Write release: write ring .72 100"/0 of start Comment 3 position automatic rewind unload, load, permit write load, inhibit write (always in read status). Loading and Unloading .731 Volumes handled Capacity. Storage 2,550 feet. Spool: 0.5 to 1.0 min.; •732 Replenishment time: • needs to be stopped. . 733 Adjustment time: . 0.5 to 1.0 min • .734 Optimum reloading period: . • • • • 5.66 mins. .8 ERRORS, CHECKS AND ACTION Error Check or Interlock Recording: Reading: Input area overflow: Output block size: Invalid code: Exhausted medium: Imperfect medium: Error correcting: none. row parity and Orthocount check none. not possible. check pre-checked tapes. Orthocount by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incarporated Action program jump. program jump. program jump. program. 6/63 505:091.800 § HONEYWELL 1400 091. EFFECTIVE SPEED H.404·1 MAGNETIC TAPE UNIT 10,000,00 0 .- - . -- 7 4 2 . -r-. I ! - i 1,000,00 0 7 4 2 NU ld5J.I<:_DAT A 100,000 ..- 7 !/ 4 Effective Speed, char/sec. .,- '" IA?:..- ,~ v--....:::::::: I::::-.. /I~ ~ 2 .... L..- ~ ALPHAMERIC DATA . .--'r- ~if"1 ILIl , 10,000 .:/" /~ 7 ./ 1/.... /. V 4 2 1,000 / ~ 1/ /' /~ V/ V 7 4 2 100 2 10 4 7 4 2 100 7 2 1,000 4 7 10,000 Characters Per Block LEGEND Continuous reading (i. e., not stopping between blocks). Non-continuous reading (i.e., stopping between blocks). l A-U-ER-BA-CH-'~ '-1 6/63 505:091.801 INPUT-OUTPUT: MAGNETIC TAPE § 091. EFFECTIVE SPEED H-404-2 MAGNETIC TAPE UNIT 10,000,000 .- 7 - - - -J_. 4 2 1,000,000 7 4 2 NV 4 ~ 2 )1 10,000 z,- " J, 7 7/ 1,000 / V Al1/'' "'" , . " ,ALPHAMERIC DATA . .. I .... ' " ~'*' / , L 0 4 "" , ~.... /' V ~~ t-..- ,.,..'" ..,... ,'\ .JI'. 7 2 IC lATA ~ 100,000 Effective Speed, char/sec. 1 / bf'/ 7 : 4 2 100 I .2 4 10 7 2 4 100 7 2 t,OOO 4 7 10,000 Characters Per Block LEGEND - -- - - © 1963 Continuous reading (i. e., not stopping between blocks). Non-continuous reading (i.e., stopping between blocks). by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated 6/63 HONEYWELL 1400 505:091.802 § 091. EFFECTIVE SPEED H·404·3 MAGNETIC TAPE UNIT 10,000,00 0 .. -. 7 -... - .. 4 - 2 1,000,00 0 7 4 2 100,000 NUMERIC DATA 7 VI 4 Effective Speed, char/sec. I /1 ~,....-- I 2 ~~~ '/~' ~~i ~I""~ 10,000 I .l~ ~rA.M~RI~DATA /q..i{..~ ~ x; .,.~ 7 1M 4 ~ j,S A 2 / 1,000 ~~ V' ~y V 7 ; 4 2 100 2 4 10 7 2 4 100 7 2 1,000 4 7 10,000 Characters Per Block LEGEND _ - -- - Continuous reading (i. e ., not stopping between blocks). Non-continuous reading (i.e., stopping between blocks). ~---~ 6/63 I AUERBAC~~ 505: 101.100 _STANDARD _EDP ." Honeywell 1400 Input-Output Communications Control REPORTS INPUT-OUTPUT: COMMUNICATIONS CONTROL .12 § 101. .1 GENERAL .11 Identity: . .12 Description: 480 Communications Control. The 480 Communications Control is a 150 eight-bit character buffer and the associated controls that enable it to communicate with another 480, and 880 (a similar unit used with the H-800), an mM 1009 Data Transmission Unit, or an mM 7701 Magnetic Tape Transmission Terminal. The 480 can either send or receive data at a speed of 75 or 150 characters per second. Description: (Contd.) cepts the accumulated data. The characters are stored, as are punched tape characters; i. e., four characters to a word, right-justified in twelve- bit sections, and the same conversion and checking are necessary under program control. This process requires about 0.7 millisecond per character. It is expected that the 480 can be used continuously, using no more than 20% of the processor's time for all control and conversion operations. The 480 uses a four-out-of-eight-bit character code for transmission that lessens the chance of leaving errors undetected. This unit connects to commercial transmission services through modulation equipment which is currently available. The 480 informs the processor that it has sent or received a block of data by means of an interrupt. The processor then either sends new data or ac- © 1963 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated 6/63 505: 102.1 00 Honeywell 1400 Input-Output Tope Control Unit INPUT-OUTPUT: TAPE CONTROL UNIT § .12 102 • •1 GENERAL • 11 Identity: . . • 12 Description figuration. Translation of these 8-bit groups into the corresponding H-14OD 6-bit codes is automatic • Tape Control Unit • 436-1. The 436-1 Tape Control Unit accepts and implements the normal H-1400 tape instructions. The Model 436-1 Tape Control Unit is an inputoutput device for the Honeywell 1400 system designed to operate with one mM 729-11 magnetic tape transport to permit reading and writing binary coded decimal information on mM magnetic tape. The Model 436-1 Tape Control Unit and its associated mM 729-11 Tape transport will read tapes which have been written on an mM 727, 729-11, 729-IV, or 7330 tape unit, and will write tapes which are readable on any of these units. It will not permit simultaneous reading and writing. Only 729-11 tape transports can be connected to the Model 436-1 Tape Control Unit, and only BCD information can be read or written, at a density of 200 or 556 characters per inch. ijach mM 7-bit row (six information bits, one parity) is read into the H -1400 as if it were a 9-bit row on Honeywell tape. Channels 1 through 6 correspond directly; IBM channel 7 (parity) is treated as H~1400 channel 9 (parity); and H-1400 channels 7 and 8 contain zeros. The eight data bits from these rows are positioned in memory, six rows to the word, in standard H-1400 con- © 1963 Description (Contd.) Error Checking A. Read Errors Read checks implemented in the 436-1 Tape Control Unit include row parity and longitudinal parity checks. If an error is detected, a read error condition is stored. B. Write Errors Row parity and longitudinal parity are generated within the 436-1 and are checked by the mM read-after-write checking feature. An echo check is performed with signals generated in the 729-11 tape drive during writing. Any attempt .to write on a fileprotected tape results in a write error. • 13 Availability: •• 9 months • .14 First Delivery:. • July, 1963_ by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated 6/63 505: 103.1 00 • STANDARD EDP • Honeywell 1400 Input-Output 405 Mognetic Tape Switching Unit REPORTS INPUT-OUTPUT: MAGNETIC TAPE SWITCHING UNIT • 12 ,§l03. :.1 GENERAL . 11 Identity: . . .12 Description Switching Units can be used. Switching Units are field installable. Model 405 Magnetic Tape SWitching Unit. The Model 405 Magnetic Tape Switching Unit is designed to permit manual switching of one Model 404 or Model 804 Magnetic Tape Unit between any two H-400, H-1400, or H-800 devices that can be connected to a magnetic tape unit. (It should be noted, however, that a magnetic tape unit cannot be switched to a given device unless it is possible to attach it to that device directly.) This unit operates solely as a switching device and performs no logical operations on the. information flowing through it. Up to four Model 405 Magnetic T.ape © 1963 Description (Contd.) A Model 405 Magnetic Tape Switching Unit is most commonly used to switch a magnetic tape unit between a model 401 or 1401 central processor and one of the following devices: 1. Another model 401 or 1401 central processor. 2. A model 803 tape control unit. 3. An H-800 off-line peripheral control unit (PCU). 4. A model 418 off-line printer control. .13 Availability: 6 months. ,.14 First Delivery: May, 1963. by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated 6/63 505: 104.100 Honeywell 1400 Input-Output 484 Communication Control INPUT -OUTPUT: 484 COMMUNICATION CONTROL § 104. . 12 .1 GENERAL .11 Identi1;y: • • .12 Description 484 Communication Control. The 484 Communication Control is a multichannel communication control which allows the H-1400 to handle up to 56 messages simultaneously from a variety of remote devices. It is intended primarily for use in inquiry station applications and operates at speeds up to 300 characters per second. Each channel of the 484 requires a separate 485 Communication Adapter Unit which is tailored for each remote device. Among the devices that can be handled by the 484 are: teletype networks, typewriter inquiry stations, paper tape readers, and specially designed management consoles. There are four models of the 484 Communication Control, whose buffer storage facilities vary as follows: o 484-1; up to 7 input-output buffers. Ii) 484-2; up to 14 input-output buffers. GI 484-3; up to 28 input-output buffers. o 484-4; up to 56 input-output buffers. Description (Contd.) Each buffer can hold up to 16 characters, and each is individually addressable by the program. Simultaneous send-receive operations over the same communications channel can be accommodated by assigning two buffers to that channel. Code translation between the internal 6-bit code and any of the Baudot or ASA Standard codes is automatic; any other special code translation must be done in the central processor by programming. A parity checking scheme is included for checking the accuracy of incoming and outgoing messages. Error conditions generate an interrupt signal which causes the program to transfer to a special corrective routine. Where applicable, this routine can attempt to have the error message retransmitted. Interrupt facilities are used to transfer data between core storage and the device whenever a buffer area is filled or emptied. The bit transfer rate is 12 bits every 13 microseconds. Each 484 Communication Control requires one H-1400 I/o trunk, and a maximum of five 484's can be connected. ©1964 Auerbach Corporation and Info,lnc. 3/64 505:105.100 Honeywell 1400 Input-Output 481 Communication Control INPUT-OUTPUT: 481 COMMUNICATION CONTROL § 105. .1 GENERAL .11 Identity: . . . . . 12 Description . 12 481 Communication Control. Description (Contd.) preceding section for the 484 unit (Section 505:104). The following list enumerates all significant characteristics which are different for the 481: o single channel device . The 481 Communication Control is a singlechannel control device which is intended for use in low-volume inquiry traffic. It is also suitable as a supplement to the 484 Communication Control in those situations requiring an additional 1-0 channel. Except for opeorating on a smaller scale, the general characteristics of the 481 unit are essentially the same as those described in the Q one 4-character buffer. G no automatic code translation. o one 485 Communication Adapter Unit designed for either send or receive operation. o bit transfer rate is 6 bits every 13 microseconds. © 1964 Auerbach Corporation and Info, Inc. 3/64 505: 106.100 Honeywell 1400 Input-Output 480 Communication Control INPUT -OUTPUT: 480 COMMUNICATION CONTROL § .12 106. .1 GENERAL . 11 Identity: .. . 12 Description Description (Contd.) The 4S0 performs the following functions: 4S0 Communication Control. The 4S0 Communication Control handles the transfer of data between the H-1400 and another computer or high-speed remote device. It is intended primarily for communication with one of the following: o H-400 or 1400 system equipped with another 4S0. o It establishes synchronization with remote equipment. o In accordance with read, write, and control instructions issued in the central processor, it controls the flow of data between the H-1400 and the remote equipment. o It supplies an input-output buffer area of 512 six-bit characters. o H-SOO, lS00, SOO-II, or lS00-II system equipped with an SSO Communication Control. o It performs code translations between internal 6-bit code and a 4-out-of-S transmission code that is designed to improve error detection capability . o IBM 1401 or 1410 system equipped with a 1009 Data Transmission Unit. o It generates all control codes and performs most control functions automatically. o IBM 1013 Card Transmission Terminal. Each 4S0 Communication Control requires one H-1400 I/O channel. The 4S0 informs the processor that it has sent or received a block of data by means of an interrupt. The processor then either sends new data or accepts the accumulated data. The data transfer rate between the 4S0 and the central processor is 12 bits every 19.5 microseconds. It is expected that the 4S0 can be used continuously, using no more than 20% of the processor's time for all control and conversion operations. III IBM 7701 or 7702 Magnetic Tape Transmission Terminal. Data conversion subsets are required at each end of the communication line in order to convert a-c line frequencies to/from digital form. The manufacturer recommends using the Bell System Data-Phone 200 series, which have conversion rates from 1,200 to 2,400 bits per second. © 1964 Auerbach Corporation and Info, Inc. 3/64 505: 111.1 00 STANDARD REPORTS Honeywell 1400 Simultaneous Operations SIMULTANEOUS OPERATIONS § 111. A Honeywell 1400 system with magnetic tape, punched card equipment, and an on-line printer is capable of only three sets of truly simultaneous operations: (1) Tape reading simultaneously with tape writing. (2) Printing and any other operation, if the Print Storage Option is installed. (3) Card reading or card punching with any other operation, if the Card Storage Option is installed. This configur~tion can perform no other truly simultaneous operations - neither operations involving the central processor and one of the peripheral units, nor those involving two peripheral units. However, in both cases, a limited amount of effective simultaneity is possible. Some of the other available units are able to overlap all or part of their mechanical cycles with internal processing. These include the H-460 Magnetic Disc System, which can position its read/write heads while processing continues, and the Communication Control Unit, which is completely buffered. Central Processor/Peripheral Unit Simultimeity When a peripheral unit is starting (before the actual data transfer), the central processor can sometimes operate. Table 1 indicates the basic peripheral units with which this feature is possible. Peripheral Unit/Peripheral Unit Simultaneity Two magnetic tape units can operate simultaneously, one reading and one writing. If one operation takes longer than the other, the central processor is delayed for the longer time. A paper tape operation which lasts less than 18 milliseconds (the time to punch 1 character or read 6) can be overlapped with the start-up time of the card units. Printing can operate simultaneously with another input-output operation only if the Print Storage Option is installed. Card reading or card punching (but not both) can proceed simultaneously with other operation(s) only if the Card Storage Option is installed. Other Operations Rewinding and backspacing of magnetic tapes are not carried out under continuous computer control. After they have been initiated, the central processor is no longer concerned with their operation and becomes available for other functions. Programming Considerations These considerations arise in connection with the card reader. While card reading is in process, the programmer has the option of using the start-up time for other work. If he does so, 18 milliseconds before the actual data transmission from the reader starts, a number of specific instructions will be interlocked in order to prevent garbling of the input. It follows that, in these circumstances, no instruction which can engage the central processor longer than 18 milliseconds shall be executed once a card read operation has been initiated. This restriction particularly affects magnetic tape operations, and limits maximum block lengths to specific sizes, depending on the magnetic tape unit concerned. These are (in alphabetic characters): 400 characters for the H-404-3, 800 characters for the H-404-I, and 1,120 characters for the H-404-2. © 1963 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated 6/63 505:111.101 § HONEYWELL 1400 111. Programming Consideration (Contd.) Honeywell EDP Division (Training and Research) recommends that this situation be avoided entirely by always using a pre-edit run to transcribe the punched cards to tape, and then processing the card images against the main file. TABLE I Peripheral Unit Card Reader 423- 2 without Card Storage Card Reader 423-2 with Card Storage Card Reader 427 without Card Storage Card Reader 427 with Card Storage Card Punch 427 without Card Storage Card Punch 427 with Card Storage Printer without Print Storage Printer with Print Storage Magnetic Tape 404- 3 Magnetic Tape 404-1 Magnetic Tape 404- 2 409 Paper Tape Reader: Reading 1 character Reading 2 or more characters 410 Paper Tape Punch Console ..; - Start Time A.vailability and Time (msec) Cycle (msec) 93 93 75 75 240 240 67 + 8 LS 67 + 8 LS variable a variable a variable a 1 Cb 9.1 100 ..; ..; ..; ..; ..; ..; x x x x x x x x ..; 33 33 23 23 65 65 to 126c to 126 to 42 to 42 to 305 to 305 L3 L3 5.0 d 5.O d 5.0 d 0.0 1 to 7 4.0 o to 100 Transmis sioij. Stop Time Availability Availability and Time and Time (msec) (msec) x ..; x ..; x ..; x ..; x x x x x x ..; time is available for central processor work. x - time is not available for central processor work. a b c d LS 6/63 - dependent on block length. where C = number of characters read. dependent on the time relative to the clutch point within the card cycle. assuming Magnetic Tape has been stopped between blocks. number of lines skipped between printed lines. 54 54 46 46 178 178 5L 7 5L7 variable variable variable 0.01 (G - 1) 9.1(C-I) 100 ..; ..; ..; ..; ..; ..; ..; ..; ..; ..; ..; ..; ..; ..; 6 6 6 6 7 7 14 + 8 LS 14+ 8LS 1O.0 d 4.7 d 4.7 d 1.0 1.0 5.1 - 505:121.101 Honeywell 1400 Instruction List INSTRUCTION LIST § 121. Mnemonic Operation Code Basic Time in Microseconds Instruction Description ADD Decimal Add Adds (A) to (B). stores result in C: treats operands as signed II decimal digits. BAD Binary Add BST Backspace Tape Adds (A) to (B). stores result in 71.5 C: treats operands as unsigned binary numbers _(2) Backspaces specified magnetic 78 + 45. 5T(l) tape by one record. BSU Binary Subtract Subtracts (B) from (A). stores result in C: treats operands as 48-bit numbers. 71. 5 CHP Check Parity Checks parity of n words: corrects parity of first bad word then subsequences to C. 65 + 13n COC Compute Orthotronic Count Computes the orthocount for n consecutive words. beginning with. the word at A. It stores first orthoword in C: second in C + 1. 84.5 + 13n CPI Control Peripheral Input Directs the peripheral device connected to the input trunk specified in B to perform the operation also specified in B. These operations include Start. Halt. Rewind. and Rescan Document. CPO Control Peripheral Output Is the s arne as CPl. except that 65 + ~it mech. time( it controls a device connected to an output rather than an input peripheral trunk. Possible operations include Start, Stop. Pocke Selection. DIV Decimal Divide Divides (B) by (A) •. stores result in C, and stores remainder in remainder word: treats operands as signed II decimal digits. ECA Card Edit, Alphanumeric Edits n consecutive characters 52+8. 13n C odd of alphanumeric data from card 52+9. 75n C even area; stores edited data in memory" beginning with specified position in word at A. ECD Card Edit, Signed Decimal Edits n consecutive characters of decimal data from card area; stores edited data in one word, beginning with specified position in word at A. 58. 5+1. 67n C odd 58.5+8.65n C even ECO Card Edit, Octal Is the same as ECA, except that data is edited into octal format 52+7.3n C odd 52+8. 13n C even 65 + unit mech. time(7} Avg. 3. 77ms: T = 6.5 [185+8(° 1+° 2 +••••• On)] ° = Magnitude of Quotient Entire Instruction List reprinted from Honeywell 1400 Summary Description, pp. 31-38. © 1963 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated 6/63 505:121.102 HONEYWELL 1400 INSTRUCTION LIST (Contd.) § 121. Mnemonic Operation Code Instruction Description ECU Card Edit, Unsigned Decimal Is the same as ECA, except that data is edited into decimal format EPA Print Edit, Alphanumeric Edits n consecutive alphanumeric 52+8.13n characters, beginning ;with the one specified in word at A, into the print area in consecutive positions, beginning with one specified by C. EPD Print Edit, Decimal Is the same as EPA, except data 5Z+8.13n is edited from decimal format into print area. EPO Print Edit, Octal Is the same as EPA, except that 5Z+8.13n data is edited from octal format into print area. EXC Extended Compare Compares (A) with (B), bit by bit, then (A + 1) with (B + 1), etc., until two operands are found unequal. If "A" operand is less than "B", sequence changes to C. EXT Extract Places (A) in word at C wherever 78 (B) contains a 1 bit; places 0 bits in all other positions in word at C. FPA Floating-Point Add 130_149(11) Adds (Al to (B), stores result in C; treats operands as normalized, floating-point words composed of a I-digit sign, 2-digit exponent, and a 9-digit mantissa. FPS Floating-Point Subtract Subtracts (B) from (A), stores result in C; treats operands as normalized, floating-point words composed of a I-digit sign, 2 digit exponent, and a 9-digit mantissa. FPM Floating-Point Multiply 1014+39n(11) Multiplies (A) by (B), stores result in C; treats operands as n = no. of non-zero normalized floating-point words. digits in multiplier. FPD Float~ng-Point Divide FLT 6/63 Basic Time in Microseconds Float . 52+7.35n C odd 52+8.65 C even n. 5+52n\~1 130-149(11) 884_4641(11) Divides (B) by (A), stores result in C; treats operands as normalized floating-point words. Converts Fixed-point decimal 76+13n(11) n word in B to normalized floating- digit shifts point decimal word under control of exponent in A, stores result in C. = no. of 505:121.103 INSTRUCTION LIST INSTRUCTION LIST (Contd.) § 121. Mnemonic Operation Code Instruction Description HAD Half Add Adds (A) to (B) without carries; treats operands as unsigned binary numbers; stores result in C. 65 HLT Halt Stops the central processor, depending on the setting of the console breakpoint switches and on B. 45.5 LAC Less than or Equal Compa:r':son, Alphanumeric Compares (A) to (B) bit by bit; sequence changes to C if (A) :S (B). Otherwise, continue in sequence. 78 LDA Locate Disc Address DireCts the random access storage unit on the output trunk specified in B to position the read/write head at the disc address stored in main memory location (A). 78 + unit mech. time(7) LNC Less than or Equal Comparison Numeric Compares (A) and (B); treats operands as signed II decimal digit words; sequence changes to C if (A) ~ (B). 78\"t/ LUP Test Index and Increment Jump:IR.=Z: 65(5) Compares A with contents of 1 index register associated with IRi=1 or 3: 71.5 B. If contents of this index regNo Jump:IR.=Z:45. 5(5) ister are less than A, the in1 struction increments them by B, IRi=1 or 3:5Z sequence chiUlges to C. MPY Decimal Multiply Multiplies (A) by (B)i treats 884+39n operands as signed 11 decimal n no. of non-zero digits; stores result with sign in digits in multiplier C, low-order result with sign in low-order product word. NAC Inequality Comparison, Alphanumeric Compares (A) with (B) bit by bit. 78 If (A) F (B), sequence changes to C. NNe Inequality Comparison, Numeric Compares (A) with (B); treats operands as signed 11 decimal digits. If (A) F (B), sequence changes to C. 78(bl NOP No Operation Passes to next instruction, performing no other action. 3Z.5 OFS Offset Stack Rejects a card into an alternate pocket. 65 + unit mech. time(7) PCA Punch Edit, Alphanumeric Edits n consecutive alphanumeric characters, beginning with the one specified in word 5Z+9.75n Basic Time in Microseconds = © 1963 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated 6/63 HONEYWELL 1400 505:121.104 I INSTRUCTION LIST (Contd.) § 121. Mnemonic Operation Code Instruction Basic Time in Micro BecondB Description at A, into the card punch area in consecutive columnB, beginning with the one specified by C. PCD Punch Edit, Signed Decimal Is the Bame aB PCA, except that data is edited from decimal format into punch area, and ·operates only on one word. PCI Punch Card, Interlocked Punches the contents of the card Without Storage Option punch area onto one card. Cen- 39+unit mech. time(7) tral processor interlocked until completion of data tranBfer. With Storage Option 1098.5 PCO Punch Edit, Octal Is the same as PCA, except that data is edited from octal format into punch area. 5Z+9.75n PCU Punch Edit, Unsigned Decimal Is the same as PCA, except that data is edited from decimal format into card punch area. 5Z+9.75n PCW Punch Card, Without Interlock Punches· the contents of the card Without Storage Option punch area onto one card. Cen- 39+unit mech. time(7) tral processor not interlocked With Storage Option 1098.5 and central processor operations are posBible during acceleration interval. PDE Prepare Decimal Edit Inserts special characters, sup- 58.5+l3n(8) preSBes leading zerOB, floats high characters in (A) according to parameters at B. Stores result in (C). PRS Print and Space Prints the contents of the print Without Storage Option area on the high-speed printer, 39+unit mech. time(7) and spaces the form as Bpecified With Storage Option 838.5 by B. RCI Read Card, Interlocked Reads the contents of one card into the card read area. Central proceBsor iB interlocked until the completion of data . tranBfer. RCW Read Card, Without Interlock Reads the contents of one card into the card read area. Central processor not interlocked and so ceJ:ltral processor operationB are pOBsible during the acceleration interval. Without Storage Option 39+unit mech. time(7) With Storage Option 1098.5 RDP Read Peripheral Read and transfer n frameB of data from the device on the input trunk specified in B to memory location A. 5Z+13n + unit mechanical time(7) A 6/63 Ir-A-UE-R-BA-CH-I.....,~ 5Z+9. 75n for n S 6 58.5+9. 75n for n > 6 Without Storage Option 39+unit mech. time(7) With Storage Option 1098. 5 505: 121.105 INSTRUCTION LIST § INSTRUCTION LIST 121. (Contd.) Mnemonic Operation Code Instruction Description RDT Read Tape Reads one record from the specified magnetic tape and stores in consecutive locations beginning with A. If tape channel is also specified, it regenerates that channel sirnultaneously. REJ Reject Card Rejects a card currently in the card reader feed into one of two pockets as specified in B. 65 + unit mech. time(7) RPX Restore Subsequence Priority Set the index registers and sequence register to the values specified in (A) and (C). Then reset the four bank indicator registers to the values specified in (A + 1). Alter or do not alter the contents of the subsequence control register, as specified in Bi. 71.5 RTX Restore Index Register Stores the high-order three 12bit groups of (A) in the index registers 1,Z, 3, respectively: stores low-order 1Z bits of (C) in the sequence register. 58.5 RWT Rewind Tape Rewinds the specified magnetic tape to its physical beginning. 65 + unit mech. time(7) SCH Sequence Change Changes sequence register setting to the address specified by C. 3Z.5 SBr Set Bank Indicators Set the bank indicator registers specified in A to the values specified in B. Reset the sequence register to C. 32.5 SCO Sequence Change on Option Changes sequence register setting to address specified by A if setting of the console breakpoint switches and (B) coincide. Otherwise set sequence register to the address specified by C. 52 SEL Select Modifies C using (A) and (B): 84.5 then makes a programmed subsequence to the modified address. SET Set Index Register Adds A to index register speci52 fied in Ai and stores result in index register 1; adds B to index register specified in Bi and stores result in index register Z; © 1963 Basic Time in Microseconds _(2) by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated 6/63 HONEYWELL 1400 505:121.106 INSTRUCTION LIST (Contd.) § 121. Mnem.onic Operation Code Instruction Description Basic Tim.e in Microseconds adds C to index register specified in Ci and stores result in index register 3. SLB Binary Shift Left Shifts (A) to the left the specified num.ber of bits; the m.ove is cyclic, so that bits shifted off the left end enter the word at the right. 45.5+6.5n(9} SLP Decim.al Shift Left, Preserving Sign Shifts (A) tD the left n decim.al digits, preserving the sign digits. Digits shifted off the left end are lost and replaced by zeros at the right end. 45.5+6.5n SMP Superim.pose Places a 0 bit in all positions of 78 (C) where both (A) and (B) con- tain 0 bits; places 1 bits in all other positions of (C). 6/63 SPX Stores Subsequence Priority Store the contents of the fOUT 117 if SCR is not changed (IZ) bank indicator registers and 130 if SCR is changed(IZ) the subsequence control register at location A+l. Set the bank indicator registers to the values specified in B. Store the contents of the three inde:x; registers and the sequence register at A. Alter or do not alter the contents of the subsequence control register, as specified in Bi. If the subsequence call was caused by an error, jum.p to C m.inus one; otherwise, jum.p to C. SRP Decim.al Shift Right, Preserving Sign. Same as SLP, except that (A) are shifted to the right. 45. 5+6. 5n SST Substitute Places (A) in (C) in all positions where (B) contains a 1 bit; leaves remaining bit positions in (C) unchanged. 78 STX Store Index Register Sto,res the contents of the three 58.? index registers and the sequence register in A. Sets sequence register to C. SUB Decimal Subtract Subtracts (B) from (A); treats operands as signed 11 decimal digits; stores result in C. 78 + 45. STIlI SUP Stall During the acceleration interval of the card reader and reader- Stalls until end of data transfer, or INSTRUCTION LIST 505: 121.107 INSTRUCTION LIST (Contd.) § 121. Mnemonic Operation Code Instruction Basic Time in Microseconds De s c ri ption punch. this' instruction stalls the central processor; outside this interval. it has the effect of NOP. 45.5 microseconds TAC Type Alphanumeric. Console Prints (A) on the console printer IOO-ZOOms per in alphanumeric form. character{lO) TDC Type Decimal. Console Prints (A) on the console printer IOO-ZOOms per in decimal form. character( 10) TOC Type Octal, Console Prints (A) on the console printer IOO-ZOOms ger character{l ) in octal form. TSC Transfer and Sequence Change Transfers (A) to location B; sequence changes to location C. 58.5 TSN Transfer n Words Transfers n words from consecutive memory locations, beginning with word at A, to consecutive memory locations beginning with C. 3Z.S+Z6n UNF Unfloat Converts floating-point decimal word in B to fixed-point decimal word under control of exponent in A. stores result in C. 76+l3n{ll) n =no. of digit shifts WRP Write Peripheral Directs the device on the output trunk speci'fied in B to write n frames of data transferred from memory location A. SZ+13n + unit mechanical time(7) WRT Write Tape Writes one record of the specified n1,lmber of consecutive words from memory, beginning with A, onto tape. _(Z) NOTES 1. T, a variable factor, is derived from the folloWing table: Signs of Operands T A B + + 0 0 + - 1 Z 0 0 1 Z 0 1 1 1 - 1 1 + 1 1 - - + + + + - - © 1963 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated Addition Subtraction 6/63 505:121.108 HONEYWEll 1400 INSTRUCTION LIST (Contd.) § 121. • Z. For Model 404-1, 5.5 ms plus O. 1 Z5n; for Model 404-Z, 5.5 ms plus 0.09 n; for Model 404-3, 11.0 ms plus O. Z50n. (n is the number of words read, written or backspaced. ) 3. n = number of pairs of words compared. 4. If IA I =1 BI, and the sign of (A) is positive and the sign of (B) is negative, add 45.5 microseconds. 5. IRi is the number (i. e., r, Z, or 3) of the index register associate9 with the B address. Thus, for a Jump, the time is 71.5 microseconds for index registers 1 amI 3, and 65 microseconds for index register Z. Similarly, for a No jump, the times are 52 and 45.5 microseconds, respectively. 6. If IAI = IBI, and the signs of (A) and (B) are different, add 45.5 microseconds. 7. Mechanical time varies with peripheral equipments and with time at which peripheral order is issued. 8. n = number of non-significant decimal zeros outside of sign position. If 6 S n < 8, add 6.5 microseconds; if n < 6, add 13 microseconds. If PI is a plus or minus sign, add 6.5 microseconds. If P2 is F (for floating), add 6.5 microseconds. 9. 6/63 n = number of shifts; n = Number of bits shifted 4 + Remainder + Remainder 2 10. Central processor operations may continue after approximately 0.7 milliseconds for alphanumeric typeouts, 1 millisecond for decimal typeouts, and 1. 3 milliseconds for octal typeouts. 11. Add 13.0 microseconds for each indexed address. 12. Add 6. 5 microseconds if the subsequence call was caused by an error. 1 505:141.100 Honeywell 1400 Data Code Table Interna I and Printer DATA CODE TABLE No.1: INTERNAL AND PRINTER § 141. .23 .1 USE OF CODE: . . . . . Internal and Printer . .2 STRUCTURE OF CODE .21 Character Size: . .. .22 Character Structure . 4-bit numeric and 6.-bit alphameric . .221 More significant pattern: two bits: values are 16, 32. .222 Less significant pattern: 4 bits: values are I, 2, 4, 8. © Character Codes LESS SIGNIFICANT PATTERN 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 1963 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated MORE SIGNIFICANT PATTERN 48 32 0 16 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 . + J C L M N 0 D E F Blank Blank & K Blank 7 S T U V W X G H P I R Z ; # @ : - A B ) % Q y $ , .* "{ CR Blank Blank Blank Blank Blank • 6/63 505:142.100 • STANDARD EDP • REPORTS Honeywell 1400 Data Code Table Card Input Code DATA CODE TABLE No.2: INPUT VIA CARD § . 23 142 . .1 USE OF CODE: . . . . . Input via card. .2, STRUCTURE OF CODE .21 Character Size: . . . . . One column. Character Codes UNDERPUNCH © None 12 11 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 8-2 8-3 8-4 8-5 8-6 8-7 1963 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated OVERPUNCH None 12 11 Blank + - 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 . : Blank Blank & + + - % • 0 - Blank Blank A J B K L C D M E N F 0 P G H Q I R ; # $ ) 0 .. * 0 / S T U V W X y Z . @ ( CR Blank Blank Blank 6/63 505:201.001 Honeywell 1400 Notes on System Performance NOTES ON SYSTEM PERFORMANCE § 201. The format design and blocking of the main file were major considerations during the preparation of the System Performance data. Some of the more unusual factors which were considered were: {I) The Block Length The magnetic tape block length had to be short enough for a complete read or write operation to be completed within 18 milliseconds, to avoid the possibility of destroying the data transferred during the card read operations. The blocking factor is thus restricted to 2 on those configurations with the slowest model tape unit (H -404 -3). (2) The Approximate Central Processor Interlock Time for the Magnetic Tape Units The central processor is interlocked from the time the tape instruction is given until the time the data transfer has been completed. The interlock time consists of the data transfer time itself, the normal start time, and an additional time which is necessary to pass over the remainder of the tape which makes up the inter-block gap. It is assumed that this distance includes all the gap not passed over during the starting or stopping of the tape. This adds 2.7 milliseconds per block to the time the tape units interlock the central processor. © 1963 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated 6/63 505:201.011 Honeywell 1400 System Performance HONEYWELL 1400 SYSTEM PERFORMANCE © 1963 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated 6/63 505:201.012 HONEYWELL 1400 HONEYWELL 1400 SYSTEM PERFORMANCE WORKSHEET DATA TABLE 1 Configuratian Worksheet 1 InputOutput Times Item 11\ IV 432 432 1,104 2 2 5 24.5 24.5 21.1 File 3 -75.0 75.0· 75.0 File 4 115.0 (FU. l-)a Char/block Records/block K msec/block FUe 1 msec/switch Reference 1\ File 1 (FUe 1) = FUe 2 = FUe 2 = FUe 2 115.0 115.0 4:200.112 File 3 File 4 msec/penalty 2 Central Processor Times 3 Standard Problem A F = 1.(1 .. File 1 14.6 14.6 16.6 FUe 3 46 46.0 3.0 File 4 52 1.3 1.3 msec/block al 0.7 0.7 1.6 msec/record a2 1.9 1.9 1.9 maec/detail b6 0.1 0.1 0.1 msec/work b5 +b9 10.5 6.7 6.7 msec/report b7 +b8 0.3 0.3 0.3 msec/block for C.P. and dominant column. al 0.7 0.7 1.6 a2 K 3.8 3.8 9.5 a3 K 21.6 13.5 33.5 File 1 Master In 14.6 14.6 16.6 4:200.114 File 2 Master Out FUe 3 Detailsb 120.0 FUe 4 Reports 104.0 230 8.0 230 20.0 575 Total 264.1 230 160.6 230 92.6 575 120.0 15.0 Unit of measure 41-bit word Std. routine a Standard Problem A· Space 4:200.1132 200 140 140 Flzed 94 94 94 3 (Blocks 1 to 23) 90 90 90 6 (Blocks 24 to 48) 360 360 360 Files 156 156 156 18 18 18 768 768 4:200.1151 Working Total 828 .. .. a Expressed as 4-bit characters. Used as a mixture of 4-bit and 6-blt characters in unpacked form. b Includes allowance of 15 ml111seconds caused by prohibition of certain instructions during start of card read cycles. 6/43 505:201.100 • STANDARD _EDP .,-, REPORTS Honeywell 1400 System Performance SYSTEM PERFORMANCE § 201. .112 Computation: . .113 Timing basis: . .1 GENERALIZED FILE PROCESSING .11 Standard File Problem A .111 Record sizes Master file:. Detail file: . Report file: . standard. using estimating procedure outlined in Users' Guide, 4:200.113. • 114 Graph: . . . . . . . . see graph below . . 115 Storage space required Configuration II: . 828 48- bit words. Configuration III:. 76848-bitwords. Conf(guration IV:. 768 48-bit words. 108 characters. 1 card. 1 line. 1,000.0 7 4 2 100.0 7 4 Time in Minutes to Process 10,000 Master File Records - 2 -- - 10.0 7 /\\\'" / ' 4 1.0 7 ..- -'" ~ / 2 ~- .~ ~ 'J L 4 2 0.1 0.0 0.33 0.1 1.0 Activity Factor Average Number of Detail Records Per Master Record (Roman numerals denote standard System Configurations) © 1963 by Auerbach Carporation and BNA Incorporated 6/63 505:201.120 § HONEYWELL 1400 201. .12 .122 Computation:. .123 Timing basis: standard. using estimating procedure outlined in Users' Guide, 4:200.12 . .124 Graph:. . . . . . . . see graph below. Standard File Problem B •121 Record sizes Master file:. Detail file: . Report file: . 54 characters. 1 card. 1 line. 1,000.0 7 4 2 100.0 7 4 Time in Minutes to Process 10,000 Master File Records 2 ~ 10.0 7 - .JII' ~7 --;Iii"7 4 2 1.0 // / r/ I~ I 7 f7 4 " 2 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.33 Activity Factor Average Number of Detail Records Per Master Record 6/63 1.0 SYSTEM PERFORMANCE § 505:201.130 201. .13 .132 Computation:. . 133 Timing basis: Standard File Problem C . 131 Record sizes Master file:. Detail file: . Report file: . 216 characters. 1 card. 1 line. .134 Graph:. . . . . . . . standard • using estimating procedure outlined in Users' Guide, 4:200.13 . see graph below. 1,000.0 7 4 2 100.0 7 4 Time in Minutes to Process 10, 000 Master File Records 2 10.0 7 4 2 1.0 ~ -- -- - -- ./ .JIIII' . / .JI ~/ ~V /' ~ lt4 7 4 2 0.1 0.0 0.33 0.1 1.0 Activity Factor Average Number of Detail Records Per Master Record © 1963 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated 6/63 505:201.140 § HONEYWELL 1400 . 142 Computation:. .143 Timing basis: 201. .14 trebled . using estimating procedure outlined in Users' Guide, 4:200.14 . .144 Graph:. . . . . . . . see graph below. Standard File Problem D . 141 Record sizes Master file:. Detail file: . Report file: . 108 characters. 1 card. 1 line. 1,000.0 7 4 2 100.0 7 4 Time in Minutes to Process 10, 000 Master File Records 2 "'" -- - 10.0 .- 7 /~ 4 2 1.0 ~ ~ ---- ", ~'f/ P ~ 7 4 2 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.33 1.0 Activity Factor Average Number of Detail Records Per Master Record I 6/63 I'A-U-ER-BA-CH-/-'-'ID SYSTEM PERFORMANCE § 505:201.200 201. .213 Timing basis: .2 SORTING .21 Standard Problem Estimates . 211 Record size: . • 212 Key size: . . . . . . . . . . using estimating procedure outlined in Users' Guide, 4:200.213, corrected for non-standard block sizes used· in File Problem A • .214 Graph:. . . . . . . . see graph below . 80 cbaracters. 8 characters. 1,000 7 4 2 100 7 IL ~ ~ 4 Time in Minutes to Put Records 2 Into Required Order ,. ~ ~~ ~ 10 7 II'~ 4 ~~ "~ m\ 2 ~ II~ ~ II II 7 4 ~~~ ~ 2 o. 1. ~~ 2 ~~ 4 100 7 1,000 2 4 7 2 4 10,000 7 100,000 Number of records to be sorted, using a 2-way merge technique (Roman numerals denote standard System Configurations) © 1963 by Auerbach Corooration and RNA Incorporated 6/63 505:201.215 § HONEYWELL 1400 201 . . 215 Graph:. . . . . . . . see graph below. 1,000 7 4 2 100 7 1I~[jI 4 I/. ~V III~~ Time in Minutes 2 to Put Records Into Required Order I~ 10 ~ VIV ", 7 " 11'/ 4 I.J 2 ~~ ~ ~~ ~ ,~ 7 ", /// "// 4 V ~~~ 2 ~ ~ .J~ 0.1 2 100 4 7 4 2 1,000 7 2 4 10,000 Number of records to be sorted. using a 3 -way merge technique !ID I 6/63 A-U-ER-BA-CH-_"-" '-1 7 100,000 SYSTEM PERFORMANCE 505:201.300 §20l. .312 Timing basis: .3 MATRIX INVERSION . 31 Standard Problem Estimates . • • . using estimating procedure outlined in Users' Guide, 4:200.312 • • 313 Graph: ••• • • . • • • see graph below, showing times for both floating point subroutines and optional floating point hardware. .311 Basic parameters: . . . general, non-symmetric matrices, using floating pOint to 9 decimal digits. 100.00 7 4 IJ 2 ) 10.00 7 I I II 4 III I Time in Minutes 2 for Complete Inversion 1.00 II iJ L 7 I I L I I 4 I 2 USING SUBROUTIN E II I ~ 1/ LUSING OPTIONAL HARDWARE 0.1 0 I 7 I I IJ 4 II 1/ 2 II O. 01 2 j 4 7 2 4 7 2 100 10 4 7 1,000 Size of Matrix © 1963 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated 6/63 505:221.101 Honeywell 1400 Price Data PRICE DATA § 221. IDENTITY OF UNIT CLASS Name No. PRICES Monthly Rental $ CENTRAL PROCESSOR Monthly Purchase Maintenance* $ $ 1401-1 Central Processor Standard Equipment: 3 Index Registers 4,096 Words Storage (accepts 404-1 or 404-3 magnetic tape units) 7,350 588.00 330,750 1401-2 Central Processor Standard Equipmeut: 3 Index Registers 4, 096 Words Storage (accepts 404-2 magnetic tape units) OQtional EguiQment 8,100 648.00 364,500 1401-B Floating-Point Option (requires 451 option) 150 12.00 6,750 1,600 3,200 4,800 6,400 8,000 9,600 11,200 250 35 155 80.00 160.00 240.00 12.50 3.00 12.50 72,000 144,000 216,000 288, 000 360,000 432,000 504, 000 11,250 1 575 6,975 1,990 2,490 3,680 5,100 6,200 580.00 800.00 1,020.00 1,240.00 89,550 112,050 165,600 220,000 260, 000 900 900 450 75 155.00 155.00 100.00 5.00 43,200 43,200 20,250 3,600 540 54.00 24,300 540 54. 00 24,300 1402-1 1402-2 1402-3 1402-4 1402-5 1402-6 1402-7 451 1413-3 1413-4 INTERNAL STORAGE Additional Core Storage 4,096 Words 8,192 Words 12,288 Words 16,384 Words 20,480 Words 24,576 Words 28,672 Words Multiply-Divide Option Elapsed TimQ Clock Real Time C10ck Magnetic Disc File and Control (4 max.) 460-0 460-1 460-2 460-3 460-4 INPUTOUTPUT 404-1 404-2 404-3 405 409 410 12. 5 25 50 75 100 million million million million million characters characters characters characters characters Magnetic TaQe (8 or 16 max. , one type only) 64,000 CPS or 96,000 DPS 89,000 CPS or 133,000 DPS 32,000 CPS or 48,000 DPS Magnetic Tape Switching Unit PaQer Tape Punched Tape Reader and. Control (5 max.) Punched Tape Punch and Control (4 max.) © 1964 Auerbach Corporation and Info, Inc. 3/64 HONEYWELL 1400 505:221.102 PRICE DATA (Contd.) S 221. PRICES IDENTITY OF UNIT CLASS INPUTOUTPUT (Contd. ) No. 418 422-3 422-3A 422-4A 422-3B 422-4B 422-4 1450 Name Printer (2 max.) Off-Line Printer Control Printer (can be substituted for 422-4) 900 LPM, 120 out of 160 positions. Optional Equipment: Vertical Spacing, 6 or 8 lines per inch Optional Equipment: Two-Speec Printing (600 or 900 LPM) Printer (can be substituted for 422-3) 900 LPM, 120 fixed positions Print Storage Option Card Card Reader - 650 CPM (1 max.) 1423-2A Pocket Select 427-1 Card Reader-Card Punch - 800 cpm/250 cpm (1 max. ) 1427-2A Pocket Select 1411 Card Storage Option (to be used with Model 423-2 or 427) Monthly Rental Monthly Maintenance* Purchase $ $ $ 1,550 1,550 270.00 69,750 74,400 100 20.00 4,800 1,920 40 1,050 210.00 47,250 390 19.00 17,550 325 15 52.25 0.30 14,700 675 560 15 45.00 0.30 30,215 675 490 39.00 22,050 2,530 1,990 380.00 300.00 121,440 89,550 1,490 120.00 67,050 790 'r9.00 35,550 300 24.00 13,650 940 1,020 94.00 102.00 42,300 45,900 980 98.00 106.00 114.00 112.50 2.50 2.50 3.00 3.00 3.00 4.00 44,100 47,700 51,300 55,125 1,125 1,125 1,350 1,350 1,350 1,800 100 8.00 4,500 625 50.00 28,125 1,380 195.00 62,100 423-2 440 441 442-1 480 481 484-1 484-2 485-lR 485-lT 485-lli 485-2R 485-2T 485-2H CONTROLLERS 1403 1406 436-1 Optical Scanner and Control (5 max.) Orthoscanner Orthoscanner Cuntrol Unit Off-Line Communication Controls Single-Channel - high speed remote devices Single-Channel - low speed remote devices Multi-Channel (7 buffers) 2 Bays 3 Bays Multi-Channel (14 buffers) 2 Bays 3 Bays 4 Bays 5 Bays Communication Adapter Unit Communication Adapter Unit Communication Adapter Unit Communication Adapter Unit Communication Adapter Unit Communication Adapter Unit Controllers Extended Tape Control (for 9th through 16th tape units) Storage and Control for Second Printer (for on-line operation; requires 1450 option on first printer) Tape Control Unit (1 max.) controls one IBM 729 II Magnetic Tape Unit 1,060 1,140 1,225 25 25 30 30 30 40 I I j * Monthly maintenance charges shown here apply for the first 36 months after installation. 3/64 HONEYWEll SERIES 200 Honeywell EDP Division ( c ( AUERBACH INFO, INC. PRINTED IN U. S. A. HONEYWELL SERIES 200 Honeywell EDP Division AUERBACH INFO, INC. PRINTED IN U. S. A. 1. IA AUERBAC~ • 510:001. 001 SlANOlID EDP HONEYWELL SERIES 200 CONTENTS REPORTS CONTENTS Heport 510: Honeywell Series 200 - General Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . Data Structure . . . . . System Configuration .. , . . . . . . . . Internal Storage 202 Core Storage.. . . . . . . . . 270 Random Access Drum Storage . . . . 250 Mass Memory Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Central Processor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Console . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Input-Output: Punched Tape and Card 227 Card Reader . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... . 227 Card Punch . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... . 209 Paper Tape Reader ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... . 210 Paper Tape Punch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,223 Card Reader . . . . . . . .............................. . Card Punch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224 214 Card Reader/Punch . . . . . . . . . . ; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . .' . . . . 123 Card Reader . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Input":Output: Printers222 Printer (65'O-lpm versions) 222 Printer (950-lpm versions) 222 Printer (450-lpm versions) Input-Output: Magnetic Tape 204A Magnetic Tape Units (3/4-inch) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204B Magnetic Tape Units (1/2-inch) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Input-Output: otherHoneywell Series 200 Family Interface Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ; .. 205 Magnetic Tape Switching Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212-1 On-Line Adapter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281 Single-Channel Communication Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Multi-Channel Communication Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 286 233 MICR Control Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215 Communication Switching Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212 On-Line Adapter (for Honeywell 800/1800) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288 Data Station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289-2 Page Printer & Keyboard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289-3 Page Printer & Keyboard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289-4 Paper Tape Reader . . . . . ......................... . Paper Tape Punch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289-5 289-6A Paper Tape Reader & Punch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289-6B Paper Tape Reader . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289-7 Card Reader . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Optical Bar Code Reader . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289-8 303 Display Station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311 Display Station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 312 Display Station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . \ Simultaneous Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Instruction List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. Compatibility Compatibility with IBM 1400 Series . . . ; .. Data Code Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Problem Oriented Facilities Basic Programming System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Operating System - Mod 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . Process Oriented Languages COBOL B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . COBOL D and COBOL H . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . FORTRAN D and FORTRAN H . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 510:011 510:021 510:031 510:041 510:043 510:044 510:051 510:061 510:071 510:072 510:073 510:074 510:075 510:076 510:077 510:078 510:082 510:083 510:084 510:091 510:092 510:102 510:102 510:102 510:103 510:104 510:105 510:106 510:107 510:108 510:108 510:108 510:108 510: 108 510:108 510:108 510:108 510:108 510: 109.121 510:109.122 510:109.123 510:111 510:121 , 510:131 510:141 510:151 510:152 510:161 510:162 510:163 7/66 510:001.002 Machine Oriented Lan~ua~e Easycoder . . . . . . . . . . P ro~ram Translato I'S Bridge . . . . . . . . . . . . Easycoder Assemblers . . . . . Easytrrul . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Operating Environment Basic Programmin~ System . . . Operating System - Mod 1 . . . . Operating System - Mod 2 . . . . System Performance . . . . . . . . . Physical Characteristics .. . Price Data . . . . . . . . . . . . HONEYWELL SERIES 200 510:171 510:181 510:182 510:183 . 510:191 510:192 510:193 510:201 510:211 510:221 . . . . Heport 511: Honeywell 120 511:001 511:031 511:051 511:111 511:201 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . System Configuration . . . . . . Central Processor . . . . . . . . . . Simultaneous Operations . . . . . . System Performance . . . . . . . Report 512: Honeywell 200 512:011 512:031 512:051 512:111 512:201 Introduction . . . . . . . . System Configuration . Central Processor . . . . . . . . . . . Simultaneous Operations . . . . . . . System Performance . . . . . . Report 513: Honeywell 1200 513:011 513:031 513:051 513:111 513:201 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . System Configuration . . . . . . Central Processor . . . . . . . . Simultaneous Operations . . . . System Performance . . . . . . Report 514: Honeywell 2200 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . System Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Central Processor .. ~ . . . . . . . . . . . . . Simultaneous Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . System Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 514:011 514:031 514:051 514:111 514:201 Report 516: Honeywell 4200 Introduction . . . . . . . System Configuration . . . . . Central Processor . . . . . . . . . . Simultaneous Operations .. System Performance . . . . . . . 516:011 516:031 516:051 516:111 516:201 Report 518: Honeywell 8200 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . System Configuration Core Storage . . . . . . Central Processor . . . . . . . Simultaneous Operations .. . Instruction List ... . Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . System Performance . . . . . . Price Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7/66 518:011 518:031 518:041 518:051 518:111 518:121 518:191 518:201 518:221 A AUERBACH '" 1. 510:011. 100 "IN,,,, HONEYWELL SERIES 200 INTRODUCTION /AEDP AUERBAC~ REPORTS ~ INTRODUCTION .1 SUMMARY The Honeywell Series 200 line of computers consists of five program-compatible central processors - Models 120, 200, 1200, 2200, and 4200. The sixth processor in the Series, the large-scale Honeywell 8200, offers compatibility not only with other members of the Series 200, but also with the earlier Honeywell 800 and 1800 systems. Peripheral device compatibility within the series is provided through the use of a common input-output interface. The Series 200 family of computer systems - with the exception of the Model 8200 - is based upon an improved version of the original Honeywell 200 system, first delivered in July 1964. The Honeywell 2200 system was the second entry in what has since become the Series 200 family. Announced in 1964, the 2200 was first delivered in December 1965. The Honeywell 120, 1200, and 4200 systems were announced in February 1965, and the 120 and 1200 systems are currently being delivered. Delivery of the first 4200 system is not expected until October 1967. The model number of each computer system reflects its relative position in the series. The Honeywell 8200 joined the Series in June 1965. It provides compatibility with the H-800 and H-1800 systems through use of a 48-bit word processing subsystem. The word processor in the Model 8200 provides the hardware capability to run up to eight independent user programs concurrently. A second 8200 subsystem, the variable-length-field (VLF) processing subsystem, provides compatibility with other members of the Series 200. Throughout the remainder of this Computer System Report, all general statements concerning the Series 200 refer to the H-8200's VLF processor only. Separate paragraphs are devoted to descriptions of the word processor and to the overall performance of the Honeywell 8200. The Honeywell 200, and the computer family that grew from it, had as a major marketing goal the replacement" of the slower, "second generation" IBM 1400 Series systems. With such a goal, certain advances in computer system design, such as a-bit character codes and extensive multiprogramming facilities, were not seen as necessary inclusions in the line. To a large extent, the instruction complement of the 1400 Series was incorporated in the Honeywell 200 Series, and software routines were developed to resolve the minor incompatibilities between the instruction sets of the two series. The key software package released with the original Honeywell 200 centered around a program called Bridge, the "Liberator" for 1400 Series users. This program accepted IBM 1401 object programs as input and generated Series 200 object programs after a fairly straightforward translation process. Linkages to simulation subroutines were generated to resolve most discrepancies between the two machines. This unique approach to the problem of converting problem programs for use on a new system was successful within the scope of its design, but it proved unsatisfactory in two principal areas. First, the process of program translation from one machine language to another within a limited amount of core storage generally lacks flexibility, resulting in some program elements that cannot be translated or else are error-prone. Such was the case with Honeywell's "Bridged" programs. Second, the object code output of the translation process is difficult to maintain, since it is in machine-language form. \ Recognizing these problems, Honeywell currently stresses a symbolic assembly language translator program called Easytran as an alternative to the Bridge translator approach to conversion of IBM 1400 Series programs. Through use of Easytran, almost 100 per cent of the 1400 Series source language statements can be correctly translated to Honeywell's Easycoder assembly language, which can be readily modified as part of normal program maintenance. Honeywell maintains that programs so translated from IBM 1400 Series assembly languages will operate on Honeywell Series 200 systems at least 80 per cent as efficiently as programs originally written for execution on Series 200 systems. Honeywell's current Easytran translator converts IBM 1401 and 1460 programs for use with any Series 200 system; a similar translator will be provided by Honeywell during the third quarter of 1966 for translating IBM 1410 and 7010 assembly language programs for use with Models 1200, 2200, and 4200. IBM ]440 assembly language programs and other 1400 Series programs that utilize the IBM 1311 Disk Storage Drives will be subject to the Easytran liberation technique during the second quarter of 1967. © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 6/66 510:011. 101 .1 HONEYWELL SERIES 200 SUMMARY (Contd.) A user of IBM 1400 Series equipment who wants to "trade up" to new equipment is faced with many important considerations when comparing offerings by Honeywell in its Series 200 and by IBM in its System/360. Among these considerations are the following: • Much of the newly-designed System/360 peripheral equipment offers higher performance than similar Series 200 devices and at virtually equivalent prices. • Decimal arithmetic in Honeywell Series 200 processors is in many cases faster than that in comparable processor models of the IBM System/360. • System/360 computer systems that have over 65K bytes of core storage have extensive multiprogramming capabilities, whereas similar-sized Series 200 systems have limited hardware/software multiprogramming control facilities that generally cannot go beyond performing one "background" and one "foreground" program concurrently. (Honeywell's new Model 8200 system will provide excellent multiprogramming control facilities for users of medium.-to-large-scale equipment, as described in Paragraph . 26 below). • Conversion to Honeywell Series 200 computer systems can be accomplished with little reprogramming via the program translation process without sacrificing many processing facilities in the new system. Conversion to IBM System/360 computers can involve either total reprogramming or "emulation" of the 1400 Series object programs. With the emulation technique, the full potential of the emulating system cannot be utilized (although it is paid for), and the 1400 Series programs must be maintained in machine language. • The Series 200 offers a wide selection of time-proven software. System/360 software, by contrast, is still relatively new - although it is potentially more comprehensive and powerful than the Honeywell offerings. • The equipment delivery period for a Series 200 is generally shorter than for a System/360. • The retraining of personnel familiar with 1400 Series equipment will be minimal when converting to Series 200 equipment, since the processors within. this series use the same data structure and largely the same instruction sets as the IBM 1400 Series processors. Use of the System/360 will require extensive retraining of personnel. This g~neral Computer System Report (510:) discusses the characteristics of the Honeywell Series 200 that are common to all computer systems within the family. Included in the. general report sections are descriptions of the data structure (based on the 6-bit character), configuration rules, peripheral devices, compatibility with the IBM 1400 Series, pricing schedules, and software systems. This general report is followed by individual subreports (511: through 518:) on each of the six current Series 200 processor models, analyzing specific configuration possibilities, performance characteristics, capacity for simultaneous operations, specialized software (in the case of the Honeywell 8200), and other details which vary from model to model within the series. In this Introduction, a number of important topics are discussed. Each topic is independent, and can be read separately if desired. The topics are: .1 .2 •3 •4 •5 ·6 ·7 •2 Summary . Central Processors • Peripheral Units. Software . Compatibility with the IBM 1400 Series. Compatibility within the Honeywell Series 200 and with the Honeywell 800 and 1800. Pricing Policy • CENTRAL PROCESSORS Six central processors currently form the nucleus of the Honeywell Series 200. -Honeywell considers that these processors - Models 120, 200, 1200, 2200, 4200 and 8200 - span a range equivalent to that spanned by the IBM System/360 Models 20 through 65. Listed in Table I are certain central processor tasks and the times required to .perform these tasks for each Series 200 processor. Comparable execution times for the System/360 processors can be found in Table I of the IBM System/360 report, Section 420: 011. (Contd.) 6/66 A AUERBACH '" INTRODUCTION 510:011. 200 TABLE I: ARITHMETIC EXECUTION TIMES FOR THE SERIES 200 PROCESSORS T ASK (Times expressed in microseconds) CENTRAL PROCESSOR MODEL 120 200 1200 2200 4200 8200** 84 480 1,148 63 360 900 51 244 600 16 92 233 1.8 to 3.0 5.0 14.0 84 480 1,148 63 360 900 51 244 600 16 92 233 1. 8 to 3.0 5.0 14.00 # # # # # # 84* 120* ·149* 56* 81* 99* 31* 44* 46* 2.3t05.5* <5.0 <13.0 # #= # # 60* 60* 40* 40* 16* 15* <17.8 <9.5 Fixed Point Binary c=a+b c=axb c=a/b 123 # # Fixed Point Decimal c=a+b c=axb c=a/b 123 3,100 (s) 3,700 (s) Floating Point Binary c=a+b c=axb c-a/b Radix Conversion Decimal to Binary Binary to Decimal (s) # *** Note: .2 Subroutine times; hardware facility not available. Hardware facility not available; subroutine times not provided. With optional feature. Times are for 8200 Word Processor Subsystem; range of times reflects the use of maximum memory bank interleaving to the use of no interleaving. All decimal operands are considered to be five digits in length . CENTRAL PROCESSORS (Contd.) All of the character-oriented Series 200 central processors use add-to-storage logic. There is no addressable accumulator. Both instruct ions and operands can be of variable length. Operand lengths are not specified in Series 200 instructions; instead, most operations are terminated when the processor senses a word mark, item mark, or record mark in the operand field. Table II summarizes the principal distinguishing characteristics of the six central processors of the Series 200 . . 21 Model 120 The Honeywell Model 120 is a card- or tape-oriented computer system with the ability to control two or three input-output operations concurrently with processing. Automatic processor interrupt facilities are also provided. The Model 120 has 6 index registers and a core storage capacity of 2,048 to 32,768 characters. Core storage cycle time is 3 microseconds per character. The Model 120 Processor can be connected to any of the Series 200 peripheral devices, to another Series 200 computer, or to a data communications network. The Model 120 is a general-purpose data processing system, able to operate either as an independent, stand-alone system or as a satellite in an integrated operation. The rental for typical Model 120 systems ranges from about $1,900 per month for a 4K card system to about $4,000 per month for a 16K, 4-tape system. Deliveries of the Model 120 Processor started in March 1966. The Model 120 contains built-in peripheral device control units to regulate the operations of a 450-line-per-minute printer, a 400-card-per-minute reader, and a 100 to 400 cardper-minute card punch. A built-in magnetic tape control unit is optionally available to control up to four 13. 3KC magnetic tape units. In addition to the control units already mentioned, either of two optional features permits the connection of up to six more standard Series 200 peripheral device control units . . 22 Model 200 The Model 200 is a card- or tape-oriented computer system with the ability to control either three or four input-output operations concurrently with processing. It has 15 index registers and a core storage capacity of 4,096 to 65,536 characters. Core storage cycle time is 2 microseconds per character. The Model 200 Processor can be connected to any of the Series 200 peripheral devices, to another Series 200 computer, or to a data communications network. © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 6/66 5tO:Ot 1. 220 HONEYWELL SERIES 200 TABLE II: SUMMARY OF SERIES 200 PROCESSOR CHARACTERISTICS Maximum Processor Model Main Memory Speed (cycle time) Memory Capacity (thousands of characters) Jl(umber of Peripheral Controllers Accepted Max. No •. of I/o Opera- tions Simultaneous with Computing Advanced Programming Instructions Financial Edit Instruction Multiply and Divide Instructions Scientific Processing Instructions Memory Protect Facility 120 3 microseconds per character 2 to 32 9 3 • • - - - 200 2 mlcroseconds per character 4.to 65 16 4 • . Standard - - 1200 1.5 microseconds per character 16 to 131 16 4 Standard Standard Standard 2200 1 microsecond per character 16 to 262 32 8 Standard Standard Standard 4200 188 nanoseconds per character 65 to 524 48 16 Standard Standard 8200 word processor 94 nanoseconds per 131 to 1,048 character 96 32 - - · · · Standard • • Standard * Standard • - Feature not available on this model. • Feature optionally available • . 22 Model 200 (Contd.) The Model 200 is suitable for use either as an independent, stand-alone system or as a satellite system in an integrated operation. The rental for typical Model 200 systems ranges from about $2,600 per month for a 4K card system to $9;800 per month for a 24K, 8-tape system. Deliveries of the new Model 200 Processor begari in November 1965. The noteworthy changes between the original Model 200 Processor and this version are the inclusion of automatic interrupt facilities, an 8-bit compatibility feature, and multiply/divide instructions as standard equipment . . 23 Model 1200 The Model 1200 is a tape-oriented computer system with the ability to control four inputoutput operations concurrently with processing. It has 15 or 30 index registers, an automatic interrupt system, and a core storage capacity of 8,192 to 131,072 characters. Core storage cycle time is 1. 5 microseconds per character. A floating-point arithmetic option is available. The Model 1200 Processor can be connected to any of the Series 200 peripheral devices, to another Series 200 computer, or to a data communications network. The Model 1200 is a general-purpose data processing system, able to operate either as a stand-alone system or as part of a larger, integrated operation. The rental for typical Model 1200 systems falls between $7,800 per month for a 32K, 6-tape system and $16,000 per month for a 131K, 12-tape system. Deliveries of the Model 1200 Processor began in February 1966. Compared to the Model 200 Processor, the Model 1200 offers increased core storage speed and capacity, the optional availability of floating-point instructions for scientific applications; optional table look-up facilities that permit IBM 1410 "Liberation," and a Memory Protect facility that provides 15 additional index registers . . 24 Model 2200 The revised Model 2200 is primarily a tape-oriented computer system with the ability to control either four or eight input-output operations concurrently with processing. It has either 15 or 30 index registers, an automatic interrupt system, and a core storage capacity of 16,384 to 262,144 characters. Core storage cycle time is 1 microsecond per character. All options currently available with the Model 1200 are also available with Model 2200. The Model 2200 Processor can be connected to any of the Series 200 peripheral devices, to another Series 200 computer, or to a data communications network. The Model 2200 is a general-purpose system, able to operate either as a stand-alone system or as part of a larger, integrated operation. The rental for typical Model 2200 systems ranges from about $9,400 per month for a 32K, 6-tape system to $20,000 per month for a 196K, 12-tape system. Deliveries of the Model 2200 Processor started in December 1965. (Contd.) 6/66 A AUERBACH 7 , 4 L 2 ~ 10,000 2 ~ ~V V ~ ~~ ~ D 4 Effective Speed, char/sec. i..' 1..-" ~ ". 7 ~ .--;; 2041\_2 .l- V' f ~ II V / ~/ 1,000 7 4 2 / 100 2 10 4 7 4 2 100 7 2 1,000 Characters Per Block 6/66 A AUERBACH '" 4 7 10,000 510:092. 100 A sunUD EDP AUFRBAC~ HONEYWELL SERIES 200 IN PUT-OUTPUT 2048 MAGNETIC TAPE UNITS RHORIS INPUT-OUTPUT: 2048 MAGNETIC TAPE UNITS ,1 OENEHAL ,lI ldlo'nti ty: The 204B Series is currently composed of three basic groups of models. These groups are: . . • . . . . . Magnetic Tape Units. Models ~04B-l through 204B-12. I" • Models 1 through 5: densities of 200 and 55G characters per inch; data transfer rate!:! of 7,200 to 83,300 characters per second. • Models 7 through 9: densities of up to iJ{){) characters per inch; data transfer rates of 7,200 to 96,000 characters per second. • Models 11 and 12: densities of 200 and 551i characters per inch; data transfer rate!:! of 13,333 characters per second; simuHaneou!:! read-write on same control not available; no rewind and release. lJl'SC ['iplion Two distinct types of magnetic tape units are offered 1'0[' the Honeywell Series 200. The 204A Series tapp units use three-quarter-inch tape, have limited error-recovery abilities, and are compatiblt' with the tape units used in Honeywell 400/1400 and HooIIHOO systems; they are described in the preceding' report section (510:091). The I10neywell 204B Series tape units are compatible with the mM 729 and 7330 tape drives. All 1lI0deis provide read-after-write checking, allow for backward reading, and can be connected to, or manually switched between, any members of the Honeywell Series 200 computer family. The length of the tape gap can be reduced, in most cases, from the industry-standard O. 75-inch length, providing appreciably improved performance (relative to other tape drives with identical peak speeds and recording densities) where short block-lengths are needed. (Details of the effective performance of these units are listed in Table II and illustrated in the graphs at the end of this section.) Details of the tape speeds, available densities, gap lengths, and data transfer rates are shown in Table 1. Honeywell 204B tape units with peak speed!:! of Ie!:!!:! than 45,000 characters per second and maximum densities of 556 characters per inch are part of "economy" tape systems. In these systems, part of the logical circuitry in the first tape lilH connected to each controller is used by all of the connected tape units. The resulting savings in cost are reflected in the pricing structure. Naturally, this arrangement means that a breakdown in TAilLE I: CHARACTERISTICS OF 204B Tape Drive 110del Control Unit Model Tape Speed, inches/sec simms MAGNETIC TAPE UNITS Uensitic~, char/Inch Minimum Inl~r-Blocl, GUJJ Length, (Jata Tr:Ul~fcr Hal..,. ch:tr/~cc inches II ~04B-l, -2* ~03B-I 36 551i O.4ii ~O,OOO 1),61) 44,4011 Hi,OOC! 0.70 6(;,700 7,~0C! ~oo J04B-a, -04* ~03B-1 80 55£) ~()() :..!U4B-;) ~03B-2 120 556 ~",OO() ~OO 204B-7 203B-'1 36 800 556 0.45 ~04B-H ~03B-4 80 204B-U ~03B-6 120 204B-ll, -12' 203B-5" ~4 ~H,800 20,000 ~OO 7,~00 0.60 64,000 44,400 16,000 BOO 556 200 0.70 96,000 66,700 556 200 0.45 800 556 ~OO ~4,OO() 13,333 4,800 * In these units, the primary tape drive connected to each controller has special circuitry and bears a different model nwnber from any other connected tape drives, # The operational characteristics are identical for both models. Industry-standard gap lengths of 0.75" are also possible under program control. •• The Honeywell 120 uses the 103 Non-Simultaneous Tape Control Unit, which includes one 204B-ll Tape Unit. © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc, 6/66 HONEYWELL SERIES 200 510:092. 120 .12 Description (Contd.) the primary tape unit such that the shared circuitry can no longer operate will effectively prevent the use of all of the tape units connected to the controller. number of tape controls allowed in each Series 200 system is described in the System Configuration section of the appropriate subreport. Optional Features IBM Format and IBM BCD Code options are available and are fitted into the Tape Control Units. Both these options are required to achieve full compatibility between IBM 7-track tape units and the Honeywell 204-B Series tape units. All controllers for the 204B Series tape units, except the 203B-5, can handle simultaneous reading and writing. The optional backward-read facility stores the data into core memory in the same manner as does a forward read. The tape control units maintain either even or odd row parity, as desired, and even track parity for checking purposes. .13 Availability: . . . . . . . 3 months. . 14 First Delivery Models 204B-l through -5, and204B-7and-8: July 1964. Model 204B-9: .••... September 1966. Models 204B-ll, -12: . January 1966. Eight tape units can beeonnected to each controller, except for the 203B-5 (l3KC) control, which can be connected to a maximum of four tape units. The TABLE II: PERFORMANCE OF 204B SERIES MAGNETIC TAPE UNITS Model Nominal or Peak Speed, char/sec DenSity, char/inch Tape Speed, inchesl sec Rewind Speed, inches/ sec Inter-block Gap, inches Overhead (cross-gap time), msec/block ' Short Long Gap Gap Effective Speeds, char/sec' (where N = no. of characters per block) Short Gap Long Gap 204B-1, -2 7,200 or 20,.000 200 or 556 36 lOS 0.45 or 0.75 12.5 20.S 7, 200N/(N + 90) or 20, OOON/ (N + 250) 7 ,200N/(N + 150) or 20, OOON/ (N+417) 204B-3, -4 16,000 or 44,400 200 or 556 SO 240 0.60 or 0.75 7.5 9.4 16, OOON/(N + 120) or 44,400N/ (N + 333) 16, OOON/ (N + 150) or 44,400N/ (N + 417) 204B-5 24,000 or 66,700 200 or 556 120 360 0.70 or 0.75 5.S 6.3 24, OOON/(N + 140) or 66, 700N/ (N + 3S7) 24,000N/(N + 150) or 66, 700N/ (N + 417) 204B-7 20,000 or 2S, SOO 556 or SOD 36 lOS 0.45 or 0.75 12.5 20. S 20, OOON/(N + 250) or 2S, SOON/ (N + 360) 20,OOON/(N + 417) or 2S, SOON/ (N + 600) 204B-7 7,200 or 2S,SOO 200 or SOD 36 lOS 0.45 or 0.75 12.5 20.S 7,200N/(N + 90) or 2S, SOON/ (N + 360) 7 ,200N/(N + 150) or 2S, SOON/ (N + 600) 204B-7 7,200 or 20,000 200 or 556 36 lOS 0.45 or 0.75 12.5 20. S 7, 200N/(N + 90) or 20, OOON/ (N + 250) 7,200N/(N + 150) or 20, OOON/ (N + 417) 204B-S 44,400 or 64,000 556 or SOO SO 240 0.600rO.75 7.5 9.4 44,400N/(N + 333) or 64, OOON/ (N + 4S0) 44,400N/(N + .J17) or 64, OOON/ (N + 600) 204B-8 16,000 or 64,000 200 or 800 SO 240 0.69 or 0.75 7.5 9.4 16,OOON/(N + 120) or 64, OOON/ (N + 4S0) 16,OOON/(N + 150) or 64, OOON/ (N + 600) 204B-S 16,000 Of 44,400 200 or 556 80 240 0.60 or 0.75 7.5 9.4 16,OOON/(N';- 120) or 44,400N/ (N + 4S0) 16, OOON/(N + 150) or 44,400N/ (N + 600) 204B-9 66,700 or 96,000 556 or BOO 120 360 0.70 or 0.75 5.B 6.3 66, 700N/(N + 387) or 96,OOON/ (N + 557) 66,700N/(N + 417) or 96,000N/ (N + 605) 204B-9 24,000 or 96,000 200 or 800 120 360 0.70 or 0.75 5.8 6.3 24,OOON/(N + 140) or £6, OOON/ (N + 557) 24, OOON/(N + 150) or 96,000N/ (N + 605) 204B-9 24,000 or 66,700 200 or 556 120 360 0.70 or 0.75 5.8 6.3 24, OOON/(N + 140) or 66,700N/ (N + 3B7) 24, OOON/(N + 150) or 66, 700N/ (N + 417) 4, BOO or 13,333 200 or 556 24 144 0.45 or 0.75 18.7 31. 2 4, 800N/(N + 90) or 13,300N/ (N + 24B) 4, 800N/(N + 150) or 13, 300N/ (N+417) 204B-ll, -12 / • Assuming no deceleration between blocks. (Contd. ) A AUERBACH @ 510:092.200 INPUT-OUTPUT: 2048 MAGNETIC TAPE UNITS .2 PHYSICAL FORM .21 Drive Mechanism .211 Drive past the Head: .. pneumatic capstan. .212 ReservoirsNumber: ....•.••• 2. Form: . . . . . . . • . . vacuum. .213 Feed drive: . . . . . . . motor. .214 Take-up drive: . . . . . motor. · 22 Sensing and Recording Systems .221 Recording systems: .. magnetic head. .222 Sensing system: .•... magnetic head . . 223 Common 'system: ...• 2-gap head provides readafter-write checking. . 23 Multiple Copies: ..••• none. .24 Arrangement of Heads Use of station: . . • . . . Stacks: . • . . . • . . . . Heads/stack: . . . . . . Method of use: ..••. Use of station: . . . • . . Stacks: . . . . • . . • . . Heads/stack: . . • . . . Method of use: . . . . . .3 EXTERNAL STORAGE .31 Form of Storage recording. 1. 7. 1 row at a time. reading. 1. 7. 1 row at a time. .311 Medium: . . . • . . . . . Mylar-base, oxide-coated tape. .312 Phenomenon: • . . . . . . magnetization. · 32 Positional Arrangement · 321 Serial by: . . . . . . . . . 1 to N rows at 200, 556, or 800 rows/inch: N limited by available core storage. . 322 Parallel by: ••.••••• ,7 tracks. · 324 Track use Data: . • . • . . • • . . . 6. Redundancy check: .• 1. Timing: •..••... 0 (self-clocking). Control signals: .•.• O. Unused: • • • . . . . . . O. Total: • . . . . . . . . . 7. .325 Row use Data: ...•.••.••• 1 to N. Redundancy check: .• 1. Timing: . . . . . • . • • O. Control signals: ..•. O. Unused: .•..••.•. O. Gap: . . . • . . • . • . . 0.45 to 0.75 inch, depending on tape speed. See Table I for a tabulation of each unit's capabilities. . 33 • 34 Coding: •.•••....• as in Data Code Table 510:141.100. Format Compatibility Other device or system Code translation IBM 727 Magnetic Tape Units: •.••.• IBM format and code compatibility are optional features. IBM 729 Series Magnetic Tape Units: . . • . • . . . . IBM format and code compatibility are optional features. Other device or system Code translation IBM 7330 Magnetic Tape Units: ...•.• IBM format and code compatibility are optional features. Note: Only format compatibility is available for the 203B-5 Tape Control. • 35 PhYSical Dimensions .351 Overall width: .•.••• 0.50 inch. .352 Length: ..•••.••.• 2,400 feet per reel. .4 CONTROLLER .41 .•.•.•..•• Tape Control Unit Models 203-1, 203B-2, and 203B-4 through 203B-6 . See Table I for allowable combinations of tape drives and control units. Connection to System .42 .421 On-line: ....•••••. depends on number of trunks available; each control requires 2 inputoutput trunks and 2 address assignments. .422 Off-line: . . . . • . . . . • none • • 43 Connection to Device .431 Devices per controller: . . . . . • • up to 8 tape drives per controller (4 per 203B-5). .432 Restrictions: . • . . . . all tape units connected to a given control unit must have the same data transfer rate. .44 Data Transfer Control .441 Size of load: •...••. 1 to N characters, limited by available core storage. .442 Input-output areas: .. core storage . .443 Input-output area 'access: . . . . • • . . . each character. .444 Input-output area lockout: . • . . . . • . . none. . 445 Table control: . . . . • . none • • 446 Synchronization: .•.. automatic . .5 .51 PROGRAM FACILITIES AVAILABLE Blocks .511 Size of block: •...•. 1 to N characters, limited by available core storage. .512 Block demarcation Input: . • . . . . . • • . . gap on tape or limiting mark in core storage. Output: . • . . • . . . . . limiting mark in storage. .52 Input-Output Operations .521 Input: . • • . . . . . . . . • 1 block forward . 1 block backward (optional). During the backward-read operation, data is stored in core memory as in a forward read • . 522 Output: ••••..•••. 1 block forward. .523 Stepping: ..••••.•• none. .524 Skipping: • . • . . . • . . 1 block backward (backspace). erase 3.5 inches forward (to skip defective tape areas). 1 block forward (space forward). © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 6/66 HONEYWELL SERIES 200 510:092.525 .525 Marking: ..•.•••.. interblock gap. end-of-file mark (tape mark). .526 Searching: ••.••... none. . 53 Code Translation: •.. matched codes; optional feature for translation between IBM BCD tape code and Honeywell Series 200 internal code. .54 Format Control: •.... none. . 55 Control Operations .6 .61 .62 Speeds: •••••.•••• See Table II. .63 Demands on System Components: •.•.... Central Processor. Condition: ••••••... all. Msec per block: .•.• 1 core storage cycle per 4 characters in Model 4200; 1 cycle per character in all other models. Percentage of data transfer time: .••.• see Simultaneous Operations section of the subreport on the appropriate processor model. Disable: . . . . . • • . . . disable after unloading (except the 204B-ll, -12). Request interrupt: ... no. Select format: ••••.. no. Select code: • . . . . . . odd or even parity only. Rewind: ..•.. ' . . . . . yes. Unload: ..•••.•... yes. . 56 Testable Conditions Disabled: . . . . . . . . . Busy device:' . . . . . . Output lock: . . . • . . . Nearly exhausted: •.. Busy controller: ••.. no. yes. no. yes. yes; "busy reading" and "busy writing" can be tested separately. End of medium marks: . . . . . . • • •' . yes. Error: . . . . . . . .• . . yes. Beginning ,of medium marks: . : . . . • . . • ; yes. .8 PERFORMANCE Conditions: .•••••.• performance varies with model number as indicated in Table II . .7 EXTERNAL FACILITIES .73 Loading and unloading .731 Volumes handled: .•. 2,400 feet per reel. .732 Replenishment time: •. 0.5 to 1. 0 minute; tape unit needs to be stopped. .734 Optimum reloading period Model 204B-l, -2 ••. 13 minutes. Model 204B-3, -4 .•• 6 minutes. Mode1204B-5 •.••. 4 minutes. Mode1204B-7 ••..• 13 minutes. Mode1204B-8 ••.•. 6 minutes. Mode1204B-9 ••••. 4 minutes. Model 204B-ll, -12 . 20 minutes • ERRORS, CHECKS AND ACTION Check or Interlock Recording: Reading: Input area overflow: Invalid code: Exhausted medium: Timing conflicts: read-after-write parity check track and row parity check set indicator. set indicator. record mark in core storage terminates data transfer. all codes valid. sense reflective spot set indicator. check for busy device set indicator. (Contd.) 6/66 fA AUERBACH '" INPUT-OUTPUT: 2048 MAGNETIC TAPE UNITS 510:092.900 EFFECTIVE SPEED: 204B-1 THROUGH 204B-5 AND 204B-ll, -12 MAGNETIC TAPE UNITS 556 Characters per Inch Short Inter-block Gaps 1,000,000 7 4 2 100,000 7 ~-r; ./ 2 ~ 10,000 Effective Speed, char/sec. 7 ~ / 4 ~ 2 20413• .., i-'" 4 V/ V/ 1,000 '/ 1/ ~ V " L; V L;~ V ./ ~_'3,4 "", i,..-" ~~ V' i,..-" ~ J' ,..... 1-'1- 204B~l' 2 t ! 20413-11, 12 ....... i/ '-" V 7 IT 4 2 100 2 10 4 7 2 100 4 7 2 1,000 4 7 10,000 Characters per Block © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 6/66 510:092.901 HONEYWELL SERIES 200 EFFECTIVE SPEED: 204B-7, -8, AND -9 MAGNETIC TAPE UNITS 800 Characters per Inch Short Inter-block Gaps 1,000,000 7 4 2 100,000 ~04-e~9 7 204-e~S ~ 4 ~ 2 ~V 10,000 Effective Speed, (,har/sec. ~ ~ ~ ~ 10'" ~ ~I" 2~4B~7 k---"": I"'" I ~ ""I" 7 .. ./ 4 2 1,000 V l.,;' V/ h V V/ V i' ~ I~ 1I 7 4 2 100 2 10 4 7 2 4 100 7 2 1,000 Characters per Block 6/66 A AUERBACH '" 4 7 10,000 510:102.100 ~ "'"... /AEDP AUERBAC~ • HONEYWELL SERIES 200 INPUT-OUTPUT FAMILY INTERFACE COMPONENTS REPORTS INPUT-OUTPUT: FAMILY INTERFACE COMPONENTS .1 GENERAL .11 Identity:......... Peripheral/Peripheral Interface: Model 205 Magnetic Tape Switching Unit. .12 The actual transfer of data takes place at 167,000 characters per second, irrespective of the computers involved. During memory-to-memory data transfers, one core memory cycle in each computer is used for each character transferred. For the Honeywell 200, with its two-microsecond memory, the resulting central processor load is 33%. Computer/Computer Interface: Model 212-1 Online Adapter. .122 Model 205 Magnetic Tape Switching Unit The Model 205 Switching Units are used to switch magnetic tape units from one controller to another. Different versions handle the switching of threequarter-inch (204A Series) tape and half-inch (204B Series) tape units. Description Honeywell currently provides several interface units that permit the interconnection of its Series 200 computer systems and allow Series 200 communication with its older 800 and 1800 computer systems. Interface units are also provided to switch magnetic tape units between controllers in the same or different Series 200 computer systems, and to permit two Series 200 systems to share a common group of communication lines. Described below are the Model 212-1 On-Line Adapter for linking Series 200 processors, and the Model 205 Magnetic Tape Switching Unit. The Model 215 Communication Switching Unit is described in Section 510:106 of this report, and the Model 212 On-Line Adapter for linking Series 200 processors and Honeywell 800 or 1800 systems is described in Section 510:107. A single magnetic tape unit can be connected to the basic Model 205 Switching Unit; additional tape units can be connected by using one 052 Feature per connected additional tape unit. A maximum of three 052's can be connected to the Model 205A (three-quarter-inch) Switching Unit, or seven 052 's to the Model 205B (for half-inch tapes). Where, as in the case of the 203B-1 Tape Control Unit, one of the tape units is acting as a primary unit while others are acting as secondary units, any units which are not switched along with the primary unit become inoperable and cannot be used by either system. Switching can be between controllers on the same or different computer systems. In the case of the Model 205A switching unit, three-quarter-inch tape drives can be switched from a Honeywell Series 200 computer system to the appropriate control unit of the Honeywell 400/1400 or 800/ 1800 computer families. .121 Model 212-1 On-Line Adapter The highest level at which two Honeywell Series 200 computer systems in a single installation can share facilities is through a direct memory-tomemory connection between them. This is made possible by the Model 212-1 On-Line Adapter, which links together two input-output channels one from each computer. The computer initiating a data transfer operation treats the other computer as an ordinary input-output unit; data transfers between the two computers are initiated and monitored under program control through the use of standard input-output instructions. .14 First Delivery Model 212-1 On-line Adapter: . . . . . . . . . March 1965. Model 205 Magnetic Tape Switching Unit: . . . . . . . . . . . January 1965. .15 Availability: . . . . . . . 6 months for Models 212-1 and 205. © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 6/66 510:103.100 A• AUERBACH SUNDUD EDP HONEYWELL SERIES 200 INPUT-OUTPUT 281 SINGLE-CHANNEL COMMUNICATION CONTROL REPORTS INPUT-OUTPUT: 281 SINGLE-CHANNEL COMMUNICATION CONTROL .1 GENERAL .11 Identity: •••..•..•. Single-Channel Communication Control. Models 281-1, -2, -3, and -4. • 12 Description The 281 Single-Channel Communication Control enables the transmission and reception of messages over toll and leased communication lines. Data can be in 5- to 8-level codes and can be transmitted at rates of up to 5,100 characters per second. The 281 is a single-channel, half-duplex control that sends or receives either by single character or by whole message. Additional 281 Controls can be added to a Series 200 system in . order to provide full duplex or multiple-channel operation. Each 281 Control requires two inputoutput trunks. By means of the Model 281 and/or 286 Communication Controls and appropriate communication networks, a Honeywell 200 system can communicate with a wide variety of remote devices, such as: • Other Honeywell Series 200 computers. • Honeywell 400, 1400, 800, or 1800 computers. • Teleprinters used with AT&T and Western Union telegraph services. • IBM System/360 computers equipped with 2701 Data Adapter Units, or 2702 and 2703 Transmission Controls. • IBM 1401 or 1410 computers equipped with 1009 Data Transmission Units. • IBM 1013 Card Transmission Terminals. • IBM 7701 or 7702 Magnetic Tape Transmission Terminals. • Digitronics DIAL-O-VERTER equipment. • • • • • • UNIVAC 1004 equipment. Teletype Dataspeed equipment. UNIVAC 1004 Series equipment. Circuit switching systems. Paper tape readers and punches. Keyboards and printers. There are four basic models and a number of variations in the 281 series. The characteristics of each model (type of communication service and terminals, transmission speed, and data-set requirements) are summarized in Table 1. The program can test for the presence of incoming data or for readiness of the control to transmit data. The Program Interrupt facility can perform the same tests and interrupt the execution of the stored program automatically. Data being transmitted and received by a Communication Control is protected by three different methods: checks for transmission lapses, an optional character parity check, and a semi -automatic messagereceipting system. Failure of a transmission or parity check sets a program-testable indicator. When desired, a transmitting control can interrogate the status of the receiving control to insure that the previous message was correctly received. The normal turn-around time between messages ranges from 20 to 400 milliseconds, depending on line characteristics. Under program control, the 281 can transmit a single character or an entire message from core storage to a remote device, or it can accept a single character or an entire message from a remote device and transfer it into core storage. Data transfers engage the Central Processor for two microseconds per character in 5- or 6-level codes and four microseconds per character in 7- or 8-level codes. © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 6/66 510: 103. 120 HONEYWELL SERIES 200 TABLE Ii CHARACTERISTICS OF THE 281 COMMUNICATION CONTROL MODELS SingluCh mlllc I Control Typc Terminal Service & Line Dataset (2) Transmission Speed ~81-1H AT&T Dataspeed 2 Voice-grade private line DDD 202D 202C 105 cps ~81-3A AT &T Dataspeed 5 Hecoivers Voice-grade private line DDD 402C 75 cps 281--IA AT&T Dataspeed 5 Send Uri its Voice-grade private line DDD 402D 75 cps ~81-~C Digi tronics Voice-grade private line DDD 202D 202C 150 cps V~!ce-grade DIAL~O-VEHTEH ~81-~E ~81":~B , Digitronics Type 1 DIA L-O-V ERTER private line DDD 201B 201A 300 cps 250 cps Honeywell Series 200 Computer :(1) Voice-grade private line DDD 20lB 20iA 300 cps 250 cps Telpak A 48 KC broad-band channel 301B 5100 cps 'Voice-grade private ' line DDD 202D 202C 120.cps- VOice-grade private line 202D 202C 180 cps" 120 cps 202B 202A 250 cps 300 cps 281-2F 2S1-UI HoneYwell Data Station " ~81-1R HoneYwell Display Stations -281-2R , 281-1S 281-2S -- High- High-speed direct connect Speed Control Interface 281-1E IBlII,l050 Data -CommWlication "System IBM Standard STR Series (7702, 1013, 1009; etc.) 281-2D 41,600 cps 1181. 1A* 816 103F 14.8 cps 14.8 cps Tel. Co. TWX-CE Tel. Co. DDD 103A 103A 14.8 cps 14.8 cps Voice-grade private line DDD 202D 202C 150 cps VOice-grade private line DDD 20lB 201A - W. U. 180 baud Tel. Co. 150 baud VOice-grade private 'line 281-1K 281-2A 120 cps '300 cps Direct-connect -- 300 cps 250 cps ,- 60,66,75, or 100 wpm 281-1C Teletype 15, 19, 28 5-Level TTY circuit -- Teletype 33, 35 TWX TWX-CE Tel. Co. 150 baud DDD sl1B lO3A 816 103A 100 wpm 281-lB 281-lD 281-lB -; 281-lD Teletype 33,35, 37 Modell Voice-grade private line W.U. 180 baud 103F 1181.IA* 100 wpm 281-2E UNIVAC 1004/DLT2 VOice-grade private line DDD 201B 20lA 300 cps 250 cps 281-2F UNIVAC 1004/DLT2B Telpak A 48 KC broad-band channel 30lE 5100 cps 281-1A \V.U. TELEX W. U. Telex W.U. Adapter* 66 wpm (1) Type 281-2F single-channel control in Honeywell-to-Honeywell service is aVailable in half-duplex and full-duplex forms. (2) Except where indicated by an asterisk, Dataset deSignations refer to Bell System Data-Phone Datasets. ,/ 6/66 fA AUERBACH '" -1. IA __ AUERBAC~ 510: 104. 100 SIANO'" EDP HONEYWELL SERIES 200 INPUT-OUTPUT 286 MULTI-CHANNEL COMMUNICATION CONTROL REPORTS -~----_.J INPUT-OUTPUT: 286 MULTI-CHANNEL COMMUNICATION CONTROL .1 GENERAL . 11 Identity: .. .12 Description Multi-Channel Communication Control, Types 286-1 through 286-5. 285 Series Adapter Units. The 286 Multi-Channel Communication Control can control the transmission and reception of messages over as many as 63 communication lines. A Type 285 Communication Adapter Unit (CAU) is required as an interface between the 286 and each line being used. Table I lists the various 285 Adapter Unit models and the remote terminal units that can be connected to these adapters. Data can be transferred by the 286 Multi-Channel Communication Control at rates of up to 300 characters per second in individual lines. The five available models of the 286 Multi-Channel Control fall into two logical groups, depending on whether they operate in character mode or message mode. The character-mode models (Types 286-1, -2, and -3) require that the transmission or reception of each character in the message be individually controlled. A total character transmission rate of 2, 500 characters per second can be maintained in the character mode, a figure that includes allowances for the input-output programming that accomplishes each operation. The message-mode models (Types 286-4 and -5) maintain the current input-output area address for each of the connected communication lines and automatically control the data flow for the duration of the message transmission. A program interrupt is generated only at the end-of-message. The demand on the central processor is limited to the actual data transfer time between the Type 286-4 or -5 Multi-Channel Control and the core storage of the associated Series 200 processor. A total throughput capacity of 7, 000 characters per second can be maintained with the message-mode MultiChannel Control models. Each 286 Communication Control requires two Series 200 input-output trunks. The total number of communication lines serviced by these two trunks varies according to the model of the 286 Control, as follows: Type 286-1 286-2 286-3 286-4 286-5 Number of Lines Controlled 2 to 13 4 to 15 16 to 63 2 to 32 32 to 63 The Central Processor must be equipped with the Advanced Programming feature in order to use the 286 Communication Control. Data is stored in the input-output area in the same bit configuration as it appears on the transmission lines. Code conversion is facilitated by the Move and Translate instruction which is included in the Advanced Programming feature package. Data transmission is protected by three methods: checks for transmission lapseR, an optional character parity check, and a semi-automatic message-receipting system. A "long, " longitudinal parity check is also available. Failure of a transmission or parity check automatically sets an indicator. Whenever desired, a transmitting control unit can interrogate the status of the receiving control unit to insure that the previous message was correctly received. Optional Features Parity Check and Generation, Option 086. Long Check (longitudinal parity check), Option 087. © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 6/66 HONEYWELL SERIES 200 510: 104. 120 TABLE I: CHARACTERISTICS OF MODEL 285 ADAPTER UNITS Adapter Unit Type(i) Terniinal 285-lH AT&T Dataspeed 2 285-3A AT&T Dataspeed 5 Receivers 285-4A AT&T Dataspeed 5 Send Units Digitronics . . 285-2C DIAL-O~VERTER 285-2E 285-2B - - Digitronics Type 1 DIAL-b-VERTER Honeywell Series 200 Computer 285-1M . Honeywell Data Station 285-lR Honeywell Display Stations Service & Line Voice-grade private line DDD Voice-grade private line DDD Voice-grade private line DDD Voice-grade private line DDD Voice-grade private line DDD Voice-grade private line DDD Telpak.A 48 KC broad-band channel Voice-grade private line DDD Voice-grade private line 285-2R 285-1S . 285-2S High-Speed Control Interfacp. 285-lE .. IBM 'StandardSTR Series (7702, 1013, 1009;' etc.) 285-2D 285-lC 105 cps 402D 75 cps 202D 202C 201B 201A 201B 201A ::lOlB 150 cps 20.2D 202C 202D 202C 202B 202A High-speed direct connect IBM 1050 Data Communications System Teletype 15, 19, 28 285-2E -285-1A (1) (2) Teletype 33, 35 Teletype 33, 35,37 Modell UNIVAC 1004/DLT2 UNIVAC 1004/DLT2B W. U. TELEX 75 cps 300 250 300 250 5100 cps cps cps cps cps 120 cps 180 120 250 300 120 300 cps cps cps cps cps cps 41,600 cps W. U. 180 baud Tel. Co. 150 baud Voice-grade private line Tel. Co. TWX-CE Tel. Co. DDD Voice-grade private line DDD Voice-grade private line DDD 5-Level TTY circuit 1181. lA* 816 103F 103A 103A 202D 202C 201B 201A TWX TWX-CE Tel. Co. 150 baud DDD Voice-grade private line W. U. 180 baud Voice-grade private line DDD Telpak A 48 KC broad-band channel W. U. Telex 8llB 103A 816 103A 103F 1181. lA* 201B 201A 301B -- .. 285-lN 285-lB 285-lD 285-lB 285-10 Transmission Speed 202D 202C 402C Direct-connect 285-lK 285-2A Dataset (2) W. U. Adapter* 14.8 cps 14.8 cps 14 ..8 cps 14.8 cps 150 cps 300 250 60, 75, 100 100 cps cps 66, or wpm wpm 100 wpm 300 cps 250 cps 5100 cps 66 wpm References to adapter units imply Type 286 communication controls, since a 285 adapter interfaces each line connected to a multi-channel control. Except where indicated by an asterisk, Dataset designations refer to Bell System DATA-PHONE Datasets. / 6/66 A AUERBACH '" 510: 105. 100 HONEYWELL SERIES 200 INPUT-OUTPUT 233 MICR CONTROL UNIT INPUT-OUTPUT: 233 MICR CONTROL UNIT .1 GENERAL . 11 Identity: • • . . . . . • . . MICR Control Unit, Models 233-1, -2. . 12 Description Honeywell does not manufacture or supply MICR equipment, but does provide MICR Control Units which link the Series 200 systems with either the Burroughs B 102 or B 103 Sorter/Readers or the IBM 1419 Magnetic Character Reader. Delivery of the MICR Control Units is available 15 months after receipt of order. . 121 Burroughs B 102 Sorter/Reader The Burroughs B 102 Sorter/Reader reads magnetically-encoded paper documents at a peak speed of 1,560 documents per minute for. documents with the minimum allowable length of 5. 94 inches. The effective rate for documents of other lengths, including allowances for slippage and interdocument gaps, can be calculated by dividing 9,000 by the average document length, in inches. A 9-inch document, for example, would be read at a rate of 1,000 documents per minute. A single line of magnetic-ink characters printed in Font E-13B can be read. During reading the central processor is interrupted for only one memory cycle per character. After a document has been read, at least 5.0 milliseconds remain before the pocket selection signal need be given to guide the document into the appropriate pocket. Further time is available, if needed, when documents under the maximum length of 9.06 inches are used, or when the end of data occurs before the extreme right-hand end of the document being read. One H-200 input-output trunk is connected to the MICR Control Unit. Because no multiple-tapelisting printers are currently available with the Honeywell 200 system, it is not normally practical to operate the Burroughs reader at speeds higher than the peak printer operating speed if on-line listing of the documents is desired . Features and characteristics of the Burroughs B 102 Sorter/Reader are presented as part of the Burroughs B 100/200/300 Computer System Report, on page 201:102.100. .122 Burroughs B 103 Sorter/Reader The Burroughs B 103 Sorter/Reader is substantially the same as the B 102, described above, except that it may optionally include an endorsing station. The B 103 therefore requires two Honeywell 200 input-output trunks to be connected to the MICR Control Unit • .123 IBM 1419 Magnetic Character Reader The IBM 1419 Magnetic Character Reader reads magnetically-encoded paper documents at a peak rate of 1600 documents per minute for documents with the minimum allowable length of 6.0 inches. The effective rate for documents of other lengths, including allowances for slippage and 2. 5-inch interdocument gaps, can be calculated by dividing 9,600 by the average document length, in inches. An 8-inch document, for example, would be read at a rate of 1,200 documents per minute. A single line of magnetic-ink characters printed in Font E-13B can be read from each document. During reading, the central processor is interrupted for only one memory cycle per character. After a document has been read, at least 13 milliseconds remain before the pocket selection signal need be given to guide the document into the appropriate pocket. Further time is available, if needed, when documents under the maximum length of 8.75 inches are used, or when the end of the data to be read occurs before the extreme right-hand end of the document being read. Features and characteristics of the IBM 1419 Magnetic Character Reader are presented as part of the IBM 1401 Computer System Report, on page 401: 103.100. © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 6/66 510: 106. 100 1. "'' ' ' I4.EDP AUERBACH • HONEYWELL SERIES 200 INPUT-OUTPUT 215 COMMUNICATION SWITCHING UNIT REPORts INPUT-OUTPUT: 215 COMMUNICATION SWITCHING UNIT .1 GENERAL .11 Identity: .12 Description Communication Switching Units, Models 215-1 and 215-2. The 215-1 and 215-2 Communication Switching Units allow two computers to share a group of communication lines and enable one computer to switch between different groups of lines. The Model 215-1 is used with 285-1 and 285-2 Adapter Units, and the Model 215-2 is used with 285-3 and 285-4 Adapter Units (each line having one Adapter Unit). See Section 510:104 for a list of the characteristics of the Model 285 Adapter Units. The basic Communication Switching Unit!;! can be used to switch a group of up to eight lines between two 286 Communication Controls (each of which is connected to a computer) or to switch one 286 Communication Control between two groups of eight lines each. By adding the appropriate 083 or 084 Expansion Features, the group switching capability can be expanded (in increments of eight lines per expansion feature) to handle up to 63 lines. All lines connected to anyone switching device are switched simultaneously. The switching unit is housed in a central processor drawer which must be mounted in the cabinet as an "end" unit; a manual selector on the unit's front panel controls and indicates the switch setting. The computers must be stopped by their STOP keys and the STOP indicators must be on before the switch setting is changed. © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 6/66 510: 107. 100 HONEYWELL.SERIES·200 INPUT-OUTPUT 212 ON-LINE ADAPTER INPUT-OUTPUT: 212 ON-LINE ADAPTER .1 GENERAL .11 Identity: .12 Description orders and to set and test the various registers and flip-flops of the On-Line Adapter. The H-BOO/1BOO peripheraJ instr~ction which defines the operation to be performed is encoded and stored 'in: the OnLine Adapter. The 200 interrogates the On- Line Adapter, interprets the operation requested, and initiates appropriate responses depending upon the nature and type of equipment available and the conditions present. .. O~- Line Adapter. Model 212. ." The On- Linl'l Adapter is an~lagous toa peripheral control unitJorboth Series 200 and li-800hBOO data processing systems .. It is a device.which enables an H-BOO or H-1BOO to communicate on-line with a Series 200. Information transferred through the On., Line Adapter requires 66 microseconds' for each 4B . bit word. A tape produced previously'on the H~BOO/1BOO which contains mixed modes of4-bitaJid6-bit characters can be transferred directly into the H.;,BOO/1BOO without need for editing. Information transmitted from the If-BOO/1BOO through the OnLine Adapter'to tape can also be in mixed mode. -Information froin the H-BOO/1BOO' which is to be used for printing or punching on ·the200, however, must be in 6-bit mode throughout. A software package called LINK is provided to facilitate usage of a Series 200 system as asatellite to a larger H-BOO or H-1BOO system. See Section 510:151.15 for the capabilities of the LINK package. IBM tapes can also be used as input to the H-BOO/ 1800 through the On-Line Adapter. The data must be converted into Honeywell code and format by either the translation hardware in the Tape Control Unit or by the Move and Translate instruction. The On-Line Adapter contains the following registers and flip-flops: • • • • One-word (4B-bit) data buffer - successively filled by the H-BOO/1BOO and emptied by the Series 200 program during write (WF) operations, and vice versa during read (RF and RB) operations. All data which is to be processed by a Series 200 system in decimal mode after being read in from Honeywell tapes must be converted to 6-bit format. This involves using the Extract and Substitute instructions on each character. Six-bit ID Register - stores an identification character that defines the II-BOO/1800 operation to be performed. In general, communication between the Series 200 system and the II-BOO/1BOO is carried out by the following steps: Device Busy and Error flip-flops - can be set by the H-200 program and sensed by the If-BOO/ 1BOO hardware if the peripheral device requested is unavailable or has a stored error indication. o The LINK program tests the ID Register with a PCB (Peripheral Control and Branch) instruction. Transfer, Busy, Error and Incomplete flipflops - automatically set by the On-Line Adapter hardware, and can be sensed by H-200 Peripheral Control and Branch instructions. The Peripheral Data Transfer and Peripheral Control and Branch instructions are used by the Series 200 program to respond to H-BOO/1BOO peripheral • The input-output device corresponding to the m Register setting is started by the 200 system. • At the same time, the 200 issues a response to the II-BOO/1BOO or turns off the Busy and Incomplete latches. This causes an unprogrammed transfer in the H-BOO/1800, and information is transmitted from the 200 core to the H-BOO/1BOO core. / 6/66 A AUERBACH '" 510:108.100 ~ AUERBACH STANDARD E1D>P HONEYWELL SERIES 200 INPUT-OUTPUT DATA STATION REPORTS ~ INPUT-OUTPUT: DATA STATION .1 GENERAL . 11 Identity: •••....... 288-1 Central Control Unit. (See list of Data Station input-output devices in Table 1.) Description .12 and checking of parity codes, error correction, and transmission control. The basic control unit can handle up to four of the peripheral devices listed in Paragraph .123. The Data Station can operate in two modes: Remote and Local. In the Remote mode, the data station exchanges data with a computer over standard telephone lines and is normally controlled by the computer; however, control can be retained by the Data Station operator if desired. In the Local mode, the Data Station can be used for data preparation and editing activities, such as data transcription, off-line printing, etc. In either the Local or Remote mode, several output devices can simultaneously punch or print data received from anyone input device (including the computer). The Honeywell 288 Data Station consists of a group of comparatively slow input-output devices which are connected together by a central control unit. These input-output devices can operate together to perform data transcription functions (card to printer, paper tape to punched cards, etc.) or they can be connected, via Bell System Dataphone subsets, with another system at a remote location. Usually, but not necessarily, the remote system will be a Honeywell Series 200 computer. Communication to and from the Data Station can occur at up to 120 characters per second, in one direction at a time. The Data Station uses an eight-bit code (sevenlevel ASCII plus one parity bit). Hollerith punched-card code and the five-level bar code are automatically converted into the eight-bit code. The Data Station input-output devices canbe selected from the devices listed in Table 1. At least four of these devices, in any combination, can be connected to a central control unit to form a Data Station. Transmission errors are detected by row parity and longitudinal (channel) parity checking. Detected errors cause immediate retransmission of the incorrect block, provided the Buffer Option is included. As an alternative, an optional backup feature is available with the 120-cps paper tape reader; this feature enables the reader to move the tape backward one block to permit retransmission . In the following description of the Data Station, the central control unit and communication facilities are described first, followed by a description of each of the currently-available peripheral devices. . 121 Central Control Unit and Communication Facilities An interrupt feature enables the Data Station operator to regain control of the Data Station during a computer-controlled transmission. When the Branch button on the control panel is depressed, the Data Station completes transmission or reception of the current block of data and then requests the computer to service the operator-initiated interrupt. While the interrupt is being serviced, all devices except those required for the execution of the interrupting operation are momentarily deactivated. Interlocks protect the data of the interl1upted operation so that no mixing of data or loss of sequence will occur. The interrupt feature provides the ability to interrupt lengthy transmissions in order to send urgent inquiries to the computer. The Data Station is a multi-purpose remote terminal device that transmits and receives data asynchronously, in half-duplex mode, at a maximum rate of 120 characters per second over toll or leased lines. A Bell System Dataphone 202C or 202D subset is required to convert data signals used by the communication units to signals acceptable for transmission over communication networks. To communicate with the Data Station, Honeywell Series 200 computers can use either the 281-1M SingleChannel Communication Control Unit or the 286 Multi-Channel Communication Control Unit with a 285-1M Adapter Unit. The 288-1 Central Control Unit performs the functions of device selection and activation, generation TABLE I: DATA STATION INPUT-OUTPUT DEVICES Device Speed, char/sec Model No. Card Reader 120 289-7 Paper Tape Reader Paper Tape Punch 120 120 289-4 289-5 Optical Bar Code Reader Page Printer and Keyboard Keyboard Data Entry Page Printer and Keyboard 50 10 operatordependent 40 289-8 289-2 289-2A 289-3 © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 6/66 HONEYWELL SERIES 200 510:108.122 . 122 Optional Features Buffer Option: Provides two 132-character buffers, allowing immediate and automatic error correction through retransmission, and enabling a transmission rate of 120 characters per second to be maintained regardless of the speed of the peripheral devices involved. This feature is required when dther the optical bar code reader or the card reader is included in the system. • Extended Operation Option: includes the follOWing five features • • • Alarm Feature: Turns on an alarm (light and/or buzzer) in the event of error detection or line failure. The buzzer may be used in preference to the light to alert the operator when his attention is required. The alarm should be responded to and turned off by the operator; alternatively the computer can be programmed to turn off the alarm after a predetermined interval of time. Telephone: Permits the computer and Data Station operators to contact one another for voice conversations. Party Line: Permits the Data Station to monitor the communication line for any message bearing its address. Thus, several stations can share the same line. Repeat-Last-Acknowledge: Permits the Data Station to send a second Acknowledge signal to the computer if for some reason the first signal was not received. Inclusion of this feature prevents unnecessary retransmission of an entire message in cases where the first Acknowledge signal is missed. • Buffer Bypass: Permits bypassing of the Data Station Buffer in remote or local mode and allows transmission of messages of improper format or excess length. • 289-5 Paper Tape Punch: Like the 289-4 Paper Tape Reader, this 120- character-per- second paper tape punch provides maximum utilization of the Data Station's transmission capability. Code and tape characteristics are the same as those of the 289-4 Reader. No read-afterpunch check is performed upon the accuracy of the punched data. • 289-7 Card Reader: Reads Hollerith-coded data from punched cards at the rate of 120 characters per second. Automatic feeding from the 500-card input hopper can be halted to permit entry of from 1 to 15 cards. The card reader stops when the hopper is empty. A program disc enables the reading of selected card fields. Reading time is 8.3 milliseconds per column. The reading mechanism consists of star wheels. This unit requires use of the Buffer Option on the 288 Central Control Unit. • 289-8 Optical Bar Code Reader: Reads printed 5-level bar code (4 data bits and 1 parity bit) at the rate of 50 characters per second. Card or paper documents 3. 5 inches wide by 5 to 8 inches long can be used. Printing density is 10 characters per inch. Only one line of coded printing per document is permitted. The bar code can be printed by Honeywell high-speed computer printers or, where the data is constant, by lithography. Check digits can be incorporated into the coded information. The reader includes an input hopper and an output stacker. Either 20-pound paper stock or 80pound card stock can be handled. Documents must be white in color and must have greater than 75% reflectance. • . 123 Peripheral Devices The Data Station offers a selection of seven peripheral devices. At least four of these devices can be connected to the basic Data Station control unit, and, with additional power, several more devices can be added. The Data Station requires a keyboard. This can be obtained either by using the 289-2A Keyboard 01' by connecting a Model 289-2 or 289-3 Page Printer. The keyboard has four banks and includes conventional alphabetic and numeric keys plus control keys. It uses the 7-bit ASCII code. Two modes of data transmission are possible with the 289-8 Bar Code Reader. The modes are Continuous and Single Block. In Continuous Mode, one character at a time is read and sent to the Data Station Control Unit. In Single Block Mode, the data from 1 to 7 documents can be stored and transmitted as a single block. This feature can improve line utilization appreciably by reducing the number of required Acknowledge messages. As an option, the Optical Bar Code Reader can read a two-bit mark-sense code; this makes it possible to enter variable information manually at the point of a transaction entry. For example, a salesgirl might mark on a bar-coded document any combination of the two bits to represent "cash", "credit", "partial payment", or "full payment. " e 289-2 Page Printer and Keyboard: Operates in character-at-a-time fashion, at the rate of 10 characters per second, and prints lines up to 74 characters in length. Paper rolls 5 inches in diameter and 8. 5 inches in width are used. • 289-2A Keyboard Data Entry: permits anoperator to send messages of up to 132 characters to the Data Station Central Control Unit. The 289-2A is an input device, with no output capabilities. Its keyboard contains a 65-character set. • 289-3 Page Printer and Keyboard: Operates at 40 characters per second, using a 61character set, and prints lines up to 72 characters in length. Paper stock can be in either 5-inch rolls or fanfold, both 8.5 inches in 6/66 width. Paper can be fed by friction or sprockets . The higher speed of this printer makes it suitable for use as a direct, on-line printer for the central computer. 289-4 Paper Tape Reader: Operates at 120 characters per second, thus fully utilizing the Data Station's transmission capability. An optional retransmission capability enables the reader to back up the tape one block and retransmit the block. The code used is 7 -bit ASCII plus parity. Subsets of ASCII (5- or 6-level codes) can be accommodated. Oiled, dry, or Mylar tape of 1, 7/8, or 11/16 inch widths can be used. IA AUERBACH '" The Buffer Option is required on the 288 Central Control Unit when the Optical Bar Code Reader is attached. ,/ 510: 109. 100 &. $1m", HONEYWELL SERIES 200 INPUT-OUTPUT DISPLAY STATIONS /AEDP AUERBAC~ REPORTS ~ INPUT-OUTPUT: DISPLAY STATIONS .1 GENERAL . 11 Identity . Model 303 Display Station. Model 311 Display Station. Model 312 Display Station. Model 322 Universal Control Unit. Model 323 Universal Control Unit. Model 331 Communication Module. Model 332 Communication Module. Model 355 Polling Control Module. . 12 Description The Honeywell Series 200 now includes in its product line an array of "Visual Information Projection" (VIP) facilities - most of which are manufactured by the Bunker-Ramo Corporation. Three Display Stations, featuring keyboard input and cathode-ray tube alphameric data display capabilities, are the principal components of Honeywell's new line of display equipment. These devices can be used as local units for operator communication or as terminal units in a remote data communications network. Models 303, 311, and 312 Display Stations are operationally and functionally similar. The selection of a particular model Display Station is based primarily on keyboard input requirements and display screen capacities (see Table 1). The viewing screen of these devices is a cathoderay tube that utilizes a high-contrast, low-persis-tence, emerald green phosphor. Each displayed character is composed of a 7 x 5 dot matrix and can be adjusted for brightness, focus, and size. The available range of character sizes extends from approximately typewriter size up to 1/4-inch. The displayed data is regenerated more than 40 times per second, producing a character display which appears steady to the human eye. An Entry Marker or cursor indicates the current writing pOSition on the viewing screen; it steps to the next position as each character is entered. Optional editing features permit the cursor to be moved to any line and any character position for character deletion or correction purposes. Message data is entered via the keyboard of the Display Station. It is immediately displayed on the screen and simultaneously stored in the station's Universal Control Unit buffer. Nothing is transmitted to the local or remote central processor until the TRANSMIT key is depressed. A Carriage Return/Line Feed key, as well as Erase and Clear keys, are also provided to facilitate message preparation. Function keys are included to call for user-specified functions at the central computer site. Responses from the central computer can be displayed in addition to or in place of the input query. Described below are the three models of Honeywell Series 200 Display Stations. The models can be intermixed on a single control unit, provided that each model is installed with the same data display capacity (i, e., the same maximum number of lines and characters per line displayed). The great variety of data display capacities that can be selected with each model Display Station is summarized in Table 1. . 121 Model 303 Display Station Model 303 provides a 5. 5-inch by 7. 75-inch display viewing area on a screen that can be separated from the keyboard input device. The data display capacity is 32, 64, 128, 256, 384, or 768 characters, arranged in various numbers of lines, as shown in Table I. The keyboard of the Model 303 Display Station is a 4-row, Teletype-style unit that includes 26 alphabetic and 10 numeric characters in addition to 3 fixed special symbols and 15 variable special symbols (whose function can be specified by the user). Special keys for message editing can also be provided as optional features. .122 Model 311 Display Station Model 311 is a combined keyboard/display unit that includes a 4. 75-inch by 3. 75-inch viewing screen, four special symbol keys, and a block of ten numeric input keys. Twelve other keys are provided for user-specified special functions and message editing operations. The 311's data display capacity is 32, 64, 128, 256, or 384 characters, arranged in a set number of line combinations. .123 Model 312 Display Station The Model 312 is also a combined keyboard/display unit with a 4. 75-inch by 3. 75-inch viewing screen. The screen can display 32, 64, 128, 256, or 384 characters arranged in a set number of line combinations, as shown in Table I. The keyboard contains 26 alphabetic and 10 numeric characters, as well as 4 fixed special symbols and 12 userspecified function keys. . 124 Display Control The Display Stations described above require a Model 322 or 323 Universal Control Unit to provide individual, local buffering of data during message preparation and reply transmission. The Universal Control Units also provide the power supply, message generation, and general control facilities for one or more of the three Display Station models. The basic Universal Control Unit contains a buffer storage capacity of 768 characters. This basic storage capaCity can serve the following number and types of Display Stations: o One Display Station of 768 characters (Model 303 only). o Two Display Stations of 384 characters. o Three Display Stations of 256 characters. © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 6/66 HONEYWELL SERIES 200 510: 109.124 T ABLE I: DATA ARRANGEMENT ON VIEWING SCREEN Display Capacity (Characters) Number of Linea Displaye,l Display Station Model 312 3ll 303 Numher of Characlers/Line 32 x x x 1 32 x x x 2 16 64 x x x 2 :12 32 64 x x Ui x 4 :!2 . 256 x x x x x 4 128 x 8 :!2 *378 x x x 9 42 384 x x x 12 3::l x 12 H4 768 *Considcred as 384 from standpoint of control unit storage requirements . lines. Final linkup with the central processor is accomplished by a Model 281 or Model 286 Communication Control Unit. These single- and multiline communication control units are described in Report Sections 510:103 and 510:104. When the Display Stations are used as local inputoutput devices, the Universal Control Unit and its Communication Interface unit connect directly to a Model 281 or 286 Communication Control Unit and then to the central processor. No data sets are required in this configuration. The central processor can be located up to 200 feet from the Display Stations' Universal Control Unit. (Each Display Station is connected to the Universal Control Unit by an individual cable with a nominal length of up to 1, 000 feet.) . 124 Display Control (Contd.) • Six Display Stations of 128 characters. • Twelve Display Stations of 64 characters. • Eighteen Display Stations of 32 characters. Expansion modules are available for extending the basic buffer storage capacity of the Universal Control Units in increments of 768 characters. The Model 322 Universal Control Unit can be expanded to include 2 Expansion Modules, giving a total buffer storage capacity of 2,304 characters. The 323 Universal Control Unit can add 8 Expansion Modules, providing a total buffer storage capacity of 6,912 characters. In addition to controlling the operations of the Display Stations, the Universal Control Units can control on-line receive-only printers, paper-tape or card readers and punches, and Model 33 or 35 Teletype Keyboard Send-Receive (KSR) Page Printers as components in a remote data communications system. For each input-output device that is connected, a special Control Module must be added to the Universal Control Unit. Included within the Universal Control Unit cabinet is a Model 331 or Model 332 Communication Interface Module. These modules are required as data interface units to either a communications line or to a local central processor. The Model 331 Interface unit provides a 1, 200-bit-per-second data transmission speed over half-duplex, 2- or 4-wire lines: the Model 332 Interface unit provides a 2, 400-bit-per-second transmission rate, also over half-duplex, 2- or 4-wire lines. In addition, Honeywell is developing a High Speed Interface unit that will transfer data at 41, 600 characters per second. All data transmission in a Honeywell Visual Information Projection system uses the 7 -level ASCII character code with single-bit parity. Data is transferred between processor and Universal Control Unit either in an asynchronous serial-bybit mode (using a 10-level character that includes start and stop bits in addition to the basic 8-level character) or in a synchronous serial-by-bit mode (using the basic 8-level character). When the Display Stations form part of a remote communications network, Bell System Data-Phone Data Sets 201A, 201B, 202C, or 202D are used as interfacing units at both ends of the communications 6/66 . 125 Optional Features The following special features are available for Models 322 and 323 Universal Control Units: • 341/342/343 Expansion Modules: described in Paragraph. 124 above, these modules provide increased buffer storage capacity for the Universal Control Units. • 351 Message-Editing Module: provides the display Stations with STEP-Left and SCAN-Left editing facilities, permitting the cursor to be moved to any line and any character position. • 352 Multi-Message Transactions Module: provides the capability to retain several inquiry and response messages on the viewing screens of any Display Station controlled by the Universal Control Unit in which this feature is installed. • 355 Polling Control Module: enables the central processor to control the transmission of all messages within the Visual Information Projection system . . 126 Programming According to Honeywell, all programming facilities required to utilize the Display Stations are included in Communications I/O C, the software package provided for the control of all communications devices connected to a Model 286 Communication Control Unit. The user must code in detail only his message di!3play formatting routine, a task that appears to be similar to coding printer formatting routines. .127 Availability All of the Display Station Models are currently in production. They can be delivered within a 6-month period after placement of order. fA AUERBACH @ / -A 510: 111. 100 AUERBAC~ ~ SIMULTANEOUS OPERATIONS All Honeywell Series 200 processors can handle concurrent input-output operations on each of the available input-output channels in conjunction with continuing processing of the stored-program instructions. Full use can generally be made of these capabilities for concurrent operations because the connections between the peripheral units or controllers and the input-output channels are left flexible and established during program execution. (In most competitive systems these connections are established when the equipment is installed, so that only one or two channels can service any given peripheral unit. ) One significant restriction concerns the "auxiliary" data channels. An auxiliary channel is normally the fourth of a set of four channels. In fact, the auxiliary channel is not a separate channel at all, but is one half of the first channel of the set which has been divided into two logically distinct subchannels. Each of these two subchannels has only half the capacity of the original channel and may be unable to handle the data transfer rates of certain peripheral devices. For details about the capabilities for simultaneous operations of each of the Series 200 processor models, please refer to the Simultaneous Operations sections of the individual subreports: Honeywell Honeywell Honeywell Honeywell Honeywell Honeywell 6/66 STmAID AEDP HONEYWELL SERIES 200 SI MUL TANEOUS OPERATIONS 120: . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . • . . • . . . . • . . 200: . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . 1200: . . . .' . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . 2200: . . . . . . . . . • • . • . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4200: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • • . 8200: . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . fA AUERBACH '" Section Section Section Section Section Section 511: 111 512: 111 513: 111 514: 111 516: 111 518: 111 REPDllS 510:121. 100 A AUERBACH SUItllUD EDP HONEYWELL SERIES 200 INSTRUCTION LIST I£PDRlS INSTRUCTION LIST Certain basic instructions are standard in all of the Honeywell Series 200 central processor models; other instructions are standard in the large models and either optional or not available in the smaller models. The following table lists each of the instructions in the Series 200 repertoire and indicates its availability (standard, optional, or not available) in each of the processor models. There is a close and highly important relationship between the machine instruction repertoires of the Honeywell Series 200 and the IDM 1400 Series. Therefore, two additional columns have been added to the Instruction List to indicate which Series 200 instructions are also available in the IDM 1401 and 1410 computer systems. The list of instructions on the following pages also includes the instruction timing formulas for Honeywell processor models 120, 200, 1200, 2200, and 4200. See page 510:121.104 for the meanings of the symbols used in the timing formulas. Timing formulas for the significantly different Model 8200 Word Processor are presented in Section 518:121 of the Model 8200 subreport. S: 0; NA: Standard instruction, included in all versions of the processor model. Optional instruction, included in some versions of the processor model. Not available in any version of the processor model. \ © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 6/66 510:121. 101 HONEYWELL SERIES 200 TIMING FORMULAS (Memory Cycles) AVAILABILITY IN PROCESSOR IN~TllllCTION NAME IBM Honeywell FIXED-POINT ARITHMETIC INSTRUCTIONS 120 200 1200 2200 4200 8200 1401 1410 H Dl'l'imal .-\dd I)pl'imal Subtract r--" S H S S S S S S S S S S No Recomplement(2) Ni + 2 + Nw + 2Nb Recomplement(2) Ni + 2 t Nw + 4Nb S S 4200 120/200/1200/2200 (1) S No Recomplement Wi + . 5Nww + 2. 5Nbw f 4.5 Recomplement Wi + .5Nww + 5Nbw + 4.5 No Recomplement(2) Ni + 2 + Nw + 2Nb Recomplement(2) Ni + 2 + Nw + 2Nb Recomplernent Wi + . 5Nww + 5Nbw see Individual Central Processor subsections for timing see individual Central Processor subsections for timing No Recomplement Wi + .5Nww + 2. 5Nbw • 4.5 oj. 4.5 Ih'L'imal l\lultiply NA S S S S S 0 S Dl'eimal lHddl' NA S S S S S 0 S see Individual Central Processor subsections for tlining see individual Central Processor subsections for timing Binary.-\.dd S S S S S S NA NA Nj + 1 + Nw + 2Nb Wi + .5Nww + 2.5Nbw NA NA Ni + 1 + Nw + 2Nb WI + .5Nww + 2.5Nbw + 4.5 -+ 4.5 Binar~' ~lIhtl'act S H S S S S Zl'r(.J and Add S S S S S S S S Ni + 1 + Nw + Nb Wi + Nww + Nbw + 4.5 Zl'l'O and Subtract S S S S S S S S Nj + 1 + Nw + Nb Wi + Nww + Nbw + 4.5 Floating' Add NA NA 0 0 0 0 NA NA Ni + 13 + [n/4] WI + 11.5 + n/6 Floating- ..\dd NA NA 0 0 0 0 NA NA 11 + [n/4] WI + 6.5 + n/6 Floating' Subtract NA NA 0 0 0 0 NA NA Nj + 13 + [n/4] Wi + 11. 5 + n/6 Floatin~ Subtract NA NA 0 0 0 0 NA NA 11 + [n/4] WI + 6.5 + n/6 Floating ~lultiply NA NA 0 0 0 0 NA NA NI + 21 + [N;l2] + [n/4] WI + 16.5 + 5G/6 + K/3 + n/6 Fl()'tin~ ~Iultiply NA NA 0 0 0 0 NA NA 19 + [Ni/2] + [n/4] Wi + 11.5 + 5G/6 + K/3 + n/6 Floating· Divide NA NA 0 0 0 0 W, + 16.5 + p/3 +r/3 + n/6 : (2) & - or + / A B S T U C D E F G H I V w X y Z ; . ) 0/0 0/0 • ? (2) 5 Central Processor Code Octal X.l X.2 X.3 X.4 X.5 X.6 X.7 X.8 X.9 X. 8. 2 X. 8. 3 X.8.4 X. 8. 5 X. 8. 6 X or X.O(l) 8. 5'~ 100000 100001 100010 100011 100100 100101 100110 100111 101000 101001 101010 101011 101100 101101 101110 101111 110000 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 60 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0,6 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.8.2 0,8.3 0.8.4 0.8.5 0.8.6 110001 110010 110011 110100 110101 110110 110111 111000 111001 111010 111011 11 1100 111101 111110 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 0.8.7 111111 77 Card Code x. a or X(I) High Speed Printer J K L M N 0 P Q R # $ * II ~ (2) l/z 0 r : (2) < (2) / S T U V W X Y Z @l . ( CR 0 (2) r: (2) (I)Special Code. This card code-central processor code equivalency is effective when control character 26 is coded in a card read or punch PCB instruction. (2)Indicates symbol which will be printed by a printer which has a 63-character drum (Types 122and222 printers). Reproduced from Honeywell 120 Programmers' Reference Manual, 2nd Edition. page B-6. 6/66 A AUERBACH ® 510: 151. 100 l,mDm ;a AUERBAC~ HONEYWELL SERIES 200 PROBLEM ORIENTED FACILITIES BASIC PROGRAMMING SYSTEM EDP RlPORTS ~ PROBLEM ORIENTED FACILITIES: BASIC PROGRAMMING SYSTEM Software support for the Honeywell Series 200 is grouped into several general categories based on the amount of core storage within which the programs will operate. The utilities covel'cd in this section operate within the Honeywell Series 200 Basic Programming System's 4K-to 12K-character design level. The Advanced Programming feature and edit instructions are generally required for use of these utilities. .1 UTILITY ROUTINES they can utilize. SORT A uses the minimum 4Kcharacter memory and either 3 or 4 tape units of any type. Both SORT C and SORT C- V can use anywhere from 8K to 64K characters of core storage and up to 8 tape units. Only one-half-inch (204B Series) tape units can be used by SORT C and SORT C-V. Variablelength records can be handled only by SORT C-V. The utility programs of the Basic Programming System fall into two sub-categories: II) 1\1 A: Programs with an A designation are written in the two-character addressing mode for use in processors having 4, 096 characters of core storage. The facilities included in the A design levcl are generally a subset of those found in the B design level. B: Programs with a B designation are written in the three-character addressing mode for use in processors having 8, 192 to 12,288 characters of core storage. The facilities included in utility routines of the B design level are similar to those found in the larger Honeywell Operating Systems although more operator intervention is required with the Basic Programming System utilities. (See Section 510: 152 for a description of the utility programs that function under control of the Operating System-Mod 1. Minimum peripheral equipment requirements for use of the Honeywell Series 200 Basic Programming System include a card reader, a card punch, and a printer. Exceptions to this general minimum requirement are noted in the descriptions of the individual programs. • 11 Simulators of Other Computers Bridge Object Program Translator B This translator accepts mM 1401 machine-language programs, and converts them into equivalent Honeywell Series 200 machine-language object programs. See Section 510: 181 for a detailed description of Bridge 1401. Easytran 1401 and Easytran Symbolic TranslatorB These Easytran programs convert mM 1401 and 1460 assembly language programs to Honeywell Series 200 Easycoder assembly language programs. This technique allows not only the conversion of programs, but also the integration of programs with Honeywell software. Standardized documentation is also provided. Easytran contrasts with the Bridge conversion technique in which conversion takes place at machine-code level. See Section 510: 183 for a detailed description of the several Easytran translators. • 13 Data Sorting and Merging Honeywell Series 200 SORT A, B, and C \" In all cases, own-code insertions are allowed in the pre-sort and last-pass phases, so that records can be added, deleted, or modified during the sort process. The basic characteristics of each of these programs are shown in Table I. They differ in the amount of memory and the number and types of tape units SORT B can utilize from 8K to 32K characters of core storage and up to four magnetic tape units. All records must be of fixed length and ha ve a minimum length of 80 characters. Own-code insertions are not permitted. Drum SORT C is a key sort for use when the records are stored on a magnetic drum device. The keys are sorted into order and stored back on the drum with the addresses of the associated records. Only the keys and their addresses are involved in this operation, so the size of the actual records does not significantly influence timing requirements. .14 Report Writing Tabulating Simulator A and B (T ABSlM) Reference: . . . . . . . Honeywell Software Manual 168. Date available: . . . • . July 1964. Description: TABSIM is a "load and go" program designed to simulate the summarizing and report-writing functions of punched card tabulating equipment. The TABSlM coding specifications are designed to be compatible with FARGO, the roughly equivalent mM 1401 report program generator. TABSlM A accepts input from punched cards or magnetic tape. The output options include printing, punching, or a combination of both operations. The reports produced by T ABSlM A can be one of three types: listings, "group-printed" reports, or "group-indicated" reports. A group-printed report provides a group total rather than a listing of each entry within the group. A group-indicated report lists each entry but omits repetitive info l' mati on within a group. Up to four levels of totals can be provided, in addition to a final total. Standard arithmetic operations can be performed upon the data fields. Multiplication and division operations are performed by subroutines included in the TABSlM program. Own-coding entries can be made only at the machine-language level. © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 7/66 510:151.140 HONEYWELL SERIES 200 TABLE I: CHARACTERISTICS OF SORTING ROUTINES SORT NAME SORT A SOHT B SORT C SORT C-V DHUM SORT C Hecord Sizes (characters) 1 to 80 or 160 1 to 4,095 1 to 4,085 4,000 max. Hl'cord Type (fixed or variablc) fixed size fixed size fixed size variable an.\' Key Size (dmracters) 1 to (HJ3 1 to 80 1 to 990 1 to !HJI) I to !J!)I) MIL". Number of Keys 7 8 10 10 10 MIL". File Size 1 full reel 1 full reel 1 full reel 1 full recl - Core Storage 4K 8 to 32K 8 to 32K 8 to 32K H to Magnetic Tape Units 3 or 4 3 or 4 3 to 8 3 to 8 none Card Reader/Punch Yes Yes No No No Printer No No No No No forward polyphase backward polyphase backward polyphase backward polyphase meq{(' July 19G4 January 1966 October 1964 January 19fiG July l!)fi;, ~OO Equipment Hequirements: Sorting Method Date A vailab Ie .H Report Writing (Contd.) .15 variable-way Data Transcription Simultaneous Media Conversion A (SCOPE) TABSIlVI B p.rovides all of the TABSIlVI A functions and offers in addition: Reference: •.. • Signed arithmetic operations • Sterling currency conversion routines • Option to load the T ABSIlVI B program from magnetic tape. Date available: Description: . . Honeywell Software Manual 021. .. July 1964. Simultaneous Media Conversion A consists of a group of independent subroutines to control the automatic transfer of data between magnetic tape and punched card or paper tape devices, and from magnetic tape units to printers. Up to three of these independent input-output conversion operations can be performed simultaneously within the minimum allowable environment of 4, 096 characters of core storage. Records on magnetic tape can be handled only if they are unblocked and of fixed length. However, if at least 12K characters of core storage are available, specialized data editing and blocking and unblocking operations can be performed during the data transcription operation by means of own-coding routines. Report Generator A and B Reference: ... . Honeywell Software Manual 080. Date available: ... July 1964. Description: The Honeywell Series 200 Report Generators are compatible with the IBM ]401 RPG. Report Generator A permits single-buffered card punch and printer operations. In Report Generator B, printer operations can be double-buffered for efficiency of printed report generation. Punched card operations which do not use the stacker-select feature are also double-buffered. The two versions of the Honeywell Report Generator vary only in these methods of output device operation. Honeywell supplies a SCOPE program deck tailored to individual equipment configurations. The user then assembles this deck to integTate all desired peripheral device routines. The output of the assembly is called a custom-designed "version" of SCOPE. There are four major steps in a Series 200 Report Generator operation: • Describing the report and specifying the format the output will take. • Generating the symbolic program. • Assembling the symbolic program. • Executing the assembled program to produce the desired report. The media conversion operations that can be performed in installations that use 3/4-inch (Type 204-A) magnetic tape units simulate operations typically performed by H-800/1800 off-line systems. This simulation includes the performing of data conversion operations necessary to produce ]4word (alphanumeric mode) or 24-word (transcription mode) card-image output records when transcribing data from 3/4-inch Honeywell magnetic tape. The facilities of these Report Generators include: detecting control breaks within control groups; arithmetic operations with optional rounding or truncation of results; exiting to user-supplied owncoding for table lookup operations; and optionally substituting magnetic tape units for both card reader and printer. 7/66 :1~K A,,· AUERBACH ® (Contd. ) 510: 151. 150 PROBLEM ORIENTED FACILITIES .15 Data Transcription (Contd.) • Locate - to search tape files· for specified records. • Write Label - to prepare a new tape file for processing by creating a dummy label containing the physical tape reel serial number . LINK. (Peripheral Processor Control Package) Referencc: .. , Date available: Dl'Rcl'iption: . Honeywell Information Bulletin DSI-257. . July 1964. This paeka/!:l' is ,il'signed for users of large-scale Honeywell 800 or 1800 systems who wish to use a Honeywell 200 as an on-line satellite. The LINK packag-t' operates within 4, 096 character positions of Sm'ies 200 core storage and can do both on-line and off-line jobs. Any three of the following functions can be performed simultaneously: • • On-line operationsen rei reading; Card punching; Paper tape reading; Paper tape punching; Printing; Magnetic tape reading (maximum record size using minimum 4K-character system: 24 H800 words); Magnetic tape writing (maximum record size using minimum 4K-character system: 24 H800 words). Off-line operations, independent of the Honey\\'ell HOO or 1800 PUllched cards or paper tape to magnetic tape; Magnetic tape to punched cards, paper tape, or printer. The LINK package will accept standard H-800/ 1800 peripheral instructions through the Model 21:~ On-Line Adapter, so existing H-800/1800 programs will, in most cases, operate with the online H-200 as they would with standard H-800/ 1800 peripheral devices. • H; File Maintenance 1/2-Inch Tape Handling Routine A (THOR) Reference: ' . . . Date available: .. Description: .• Honeywell Software Bulletin DSI-367. .. May 1964. These operations and others areperfol'med under the direction of parameters that are ",nterecl by the operator from either punched cards, paper tape, or the control pan~l of the central processor. .17 Others 1/2-Inch Tape I/O A and B (TIPTOP-l and 1A) Reference: • . . . . . • Honeywell Software Manuals 293 and OHl. Date available: • March 19(if•. Description: These two levels of Tape Input-Output macro routine packages relieve the programmer of repetitive and complex coding of I/O routines. The packages are provided in source language form for incOl'poration into the user's program dUl'illf4 a preassembly program pass. Descriptions 01 !IIP two offcrings follow. o 1/2-Inch Tape I/O A: This version reads and writes 1/2-inch tape files, blocks and unblocks fixed-length items within records, opens and closes files, detects error condHions, and automatically corrects them when possible, using either IBM or Honeywell magnetic tape conventions. The A version uses approximately 1,640 characters of core storage. • 1/2~lnch Tape I/O B: This versi(;11 performs the same functions as Tape I/O A alld provides additional capabilities for handling both fixed and variable-length records. Another extension, the "move mode" of the GET and PUT Macros, moves items between burIer and processing areas. The alternative "locate modo' (used in both A and B versions) provides the user's program with the starting address location of the record currently being processed. The B version of the TAPE I/o package uses approximately 2,250 chul'aetel'R of core storage. EASYTAB The Scries 200 1/2-Inch Tape Handling Routine A (formerly called THOR) is a set of generalized tape-handling and correction routines designed for lise with Type 204-B 1/2-inch magnetic tape files on ill1.\' Scl'ios 200 system that has at least 4, 096 dIal'ader,; of core storage, a printer, one or two magnetic tape units, and a punched card or paper tape reader. The principal file maintenance functions performed by these routines are the following: • Edit - to dump to a printer specified records or portions of records. • Copy - to duplicate all or specified records of one tape file on another file. • Correct and Copy - to update designated records with specified changes. • Compare and Print - to mateh, record for rt'cord, two tape files or portions of files, and to print those records that are not identical, Reference: Date available: Des cription: .•. lIoneywell son·" 206. . . . June 1966. d 1e Manual EASYTAB provides· a means fOI' lI:,·'i· ()f ("'>1\['11tional tabulating.equipment to make i lie t.,ansilion to computer equipment with minimal reorientation of personnel and modifications of existing operating procedures. In the description below, the name of each of seven routines is followed by the name and function of the punched card tabulating device that it replaCl;ls. • Merge B (Collator) - combines two ordered files in either ascending or descenrling sequence into one ordered file. Four prinCipal kinds of . file merging can be specified: only matched items in the, two files are merged into an output file; 01' all items in the two filcs nJ'(' merged; or matched items are merged aJ,d nOll-matched items in the primary me are punched 01' printed; or © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc, 7/66 510:151.170 .17 HONEYWELL SERIES 200 others (Contd.) matched items are merged and non-matched items in the secondary file are punched or printed. Up to five merge keys per record can be specified. Either the primary or the secondary input file can be on cards; alternatively both files can be on magnetic tape. • Sort B (Sorter) - sorts a full reel of SO-character records on a maximum of eight sort keys, using the backward merging polyphase technique. The input file can be on either cards or magnetic tape. • Select·B (Collator) - selects items from an input file either by item count (every Nth item), by location in the group (first or last item in each g1.'oup), or by test. In selection by test, each of one, two, or three input-item fields is compared with a corresponding parameter card constant using high-low-equal tests. Logical tests (AND or OR) can also be specified. • • The routines to accomplish these functions are produced as part of the Easycoder assembly system output. A block of SO consecutive core storage positions is specified by the programmer for the loader's use. H-200 Memory Dump Houtine The H-200 Memory Dump Routine edits and prints the contents (both data and punctuation bits) of core storage between limits specified by the user. The output is in both alphameric and octal representation. There are two versions of this routine. One operates in the 2-character addressing mode and can dump the contents of up to 4,095 consecutive locations of core storage. The dump routine operating in 3-character mode can dump the contents of any area of core storage. The dump routine is produced by the Easycoder assembly system as a separate card deck preceding the object program deck. The 2-character mode routine requires 392 core storage positions, card reader, and printer. The 3-character mode dump routine requires an additional 93 core storage positions. . Reproduce B (Reproducer) - provides any or all of the following functions: reproduces each SO-character record with the option of dropping and/or offsetting specified fields; reproduces each SO-character record while transferring information from a parameter card to specified fields wit11in the record; or numbers each card sequentially or by a specified increment. Industry Applications (SK-character design level, using a minimum of three magnetic tape units) General Distribution: Total B (Tabulator) - produces printed reports, and offers the following capabilities: the Total B mechanism accumulates and prints a maximum of seven totaled amount fields under control of a minimum of four control-break keys. The list function of Total B produces a detail line for each item processed and a total line containing totals for all items within each specified control g1.'oup. The tabulating function of Total B produces a total line containing an accumulation of all items within each specified control group. SALE - a package developed to direct the even flow of merchandise from warehouse to retail store. • CASH - an integrated system of accounting for the distribution industry that includes accounts receivable, accounts payable,' and general ledger accounting. • PHOFIT - a system that provides inventory control through production of order strategies based on the concept of joint replenishment at minimum total cost. • Alter B (Manual Operation) - deletes inserts or replaces items on an ordered primary file depending on the contents of a director deck. Manufacturing: • Peripheral I/O B (No Tabulating Device Equivalent) - performs media conversions separately or in limited combinations between the following media: card to tape, tape to card, tape to printer, or tape to printer with simultaneous card to tape or tape to card. Forecasting for Inventory Control System (FICS) makes demand forecast and inventory decisions. The components of the system provide forecasting information concerning economic order quantity, reorder point, safety stock, and exponential smoothing. Card images on magnetic tape are generally blocked two records per block. Minimum equipment requirements for Easytab include three 204B magnetic tape units and S, 192 positions of core storage. Extensions to the listed functions can be added by the user in the COBOL B language (see Section 510:061 for a description of COBOL B). Education: Pupil Registering and Operational Filing (PROF) incorporates grade recording, attendance account-· ing, testing, educational research, pupil assignment, and financial accounting. A valuable extension of PHOF is the implementation of WORD COM, an instructional programming language used in teaching students fundamental computing principles. H-200 Card Loader The H-200 Single Instruction Card Loader contains routines to Clear core storage to specific characters (including zeros and blanks within specified limits), to load core ·storage with instructions and constants, and to set "inherent" and specially-requested punduation bits. Facilities are also included to branch to the user's coding and initiate execution of the object program upon partial or total completion of loading. 7/66 • Banking: Demand Deposit Accounting is offered as an integrated package. MICR entry check sorting, settlement accounting, clearing and collection, customer posting, exception procedures, and associated reports and statements are included. Equipment requirements include a Burroughs MICR SorterReader. (Contd. ) A AUERBACH ® 510: 151. 171 PROBLEM ORIENTED FACILITIES . 17 Otlll'l'S (Cont(!.) Indush'y Applications (12K-character design level, using a minimum of three magnetic tape units) Finance: Variables such as program length, program complexity, and programmer experience are entcred to obtain an installation or application status report. AUTO LOG Computerizecl portfolio analysis is provided. This package originated from a conversion of the IBM financial Analysis Paekage (FAP). (The use of a fourth magnetic tape unit g1.·eatly increases the capability of this system in terms of volume of data and overall performance.) General: MANAGE facilitates the planning and control of a Ilt'W computer installation or new applications. Reference: .. Autolog Reference Manual, 209 Date available: .• now in use. Description: This paekage provides equipment usuage reports on a per-job and per-hardware-unit basis. The minimum equipment requirements for use of AUTOLOG include 4,096 characters of core storage, three 1/2-inch magnetic tape units, a card reader, and a printer. © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 7/66 -1. 510:152.100 111'0110 /AEDP "'UERBAC~ - • HONEYWELL SERIES 200 PROBLEM ORIENTED FACILITIES OPERATING SYSTEMS- MOD I AND MOD 2 IHPOITS PROBLEM ORIENTED FACILITIES: MOD IIMOD 2 OPERATING SYSTEMS .1 Programming System (see Section 510;151) • Extensions and improvements of the C-level utilities in relation to B-Ievel utilities are discussed in this report section. The basic features of each utility program are described in Section 510;151, as noted above. Table I lists the principal utility routines offered by Honeywell, with references to descriptive paragraphs within this and the previous report section. UTILITY ROUTINES Software for the Honeywell Series 200 is grouped into categories based on minimum core storage requirements and the particular operating system under whose control the software elements function. The utilities covered in this section operate within either the 12K- to 65K-character design level of the Honeywell Series 200 operating System - Mod 1, or the 49K-character design level of the operating System - Mod 2. The Advanced Programming feature and the Edit instructions are generally required for both groups of programs. • D - Programs with a D designation have a minimum core storage requirement of 16,384 characters and generally offer additional features beyond those provided in C-level programs. Utility programs in Operating System - Mod 1 fall into two subcategories: • C - Programs with a C designation have a minimum core storage requirement of 12,288 characters. The facilities included in utility routines of the C design level are similar to those found in the B design level of the Basic The utilities that are available with the Operating System - Mod 2 provide few extensions to those offered for use with the Basic Programming System and the operating System - Mod 1. T ABLE I: SERIES 200 UTILITY ROUTINES CLASS OF SERVICE UTILITY ROUTINE REFERENCE General Data Processing Sort and Collate A Sort and Collate B Sort and Collate C Sort and Collate C (V) TABSIM A and B Report Generator A and B Simultaneous Media Conversion A and C LINK Tape I/O A, B, and C TIPTOP II and III Scientific and Mathematical Routines 510:151.13 510:151.13 510: 152.13 510:152.13 510:151.14 510:151.14 510:151. 15 Autolog (equipment utilization reporting) MANAGE (aid to control of new installations and applications) 510:151.17 General Installation Maintenance 510:151.15 510:151.16 510:152.16 510:152.17 510:151. 17 Library Maintenance Program Library Processors 510:171.100 IBM 1401 Simulation BRIDGE Easytran Report Generator A and B TIPTOP III 510: 181 510: 185 510: 151.14 510:152.16 Tabulating Equipment Simulation TABSIM EASYTAB 510:151.14 510:151.17 Random Access Data Processing Drum Sort C DIAL (transcription routines between drum and cards or tape; includes additional utility functions) DIPDOP (I/O package for Model 270 Drum storage) 510:152.13 510:152.15 Communications Systems Message Switch, Input Interface, Real Time Input Analyzer, Output Stocking and Interface, Communications Line Status Director, and Standard Error Control Routines. 510:152.17 Industry Applications 8K level 12K level 16K level or above 510:151.17 510:151.17 510:152.17 510:152.16 © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 7/66 HONEYWELL SERIES 200 510: 152. 110 • 11 quires a 132-position printer and one 1/2-inch tape unit. Simulators of Other Computers Bridge 1401: ••••.•• Section 510:181. Easytran for IBM 1401: Section 510: 183. Easytran for IBM 1410: Section 510: 183. · 12 Simulation by other Computers: •••••.• none. · 13 Data Sorting and Merging · 14 Report Writing The several Honeywell Series 200 Report Program Generators are described in Paragraph 510:151.14. • 15 Data Transcription DIAL (Drum Interrogation, Alteration, and Loading System) Tape Sort and Collate C, Tape Sort and Collate C (V), and Drum Sort C. Reference: ••••.•• ; Honeywell Software Bulletin DSI-361. Date available: ••.•• January 1965. Description: The basic characteristics of each of these progranls are shown in Table II. Both Sort C and Sort C (V) can use from 8K to 64K characters of core storage and up to 6 magnetic tape units. Sort C and Sort C (V) prog'I'ams can function only with Type 204B 1/2-inch magnetic tape units. Variable-length records can be handled only by the Sort C (V) program. DIAL is a generalized drum handling and correction routine which can examine the contents of a drum and make corrections to a file. utility routines to transfer data between drum and punched cards or magnetic tape (in either direction) are included. The routines in the DIAL package can be assembled individually with any Series 200 program. Easy-coder programs can make use of specified DIAL functions through macro instructions such as LOCATE, UNLOAD, RESTORE" EDIT, CORRECT, COMPARE, and CLEAR. In all programs, own-coding insertions are allowed in the pre-sort and last-pass phases, so that records can be added, deleted, or modified during the sort process. Drum Sort C is a key sort for use when records are stored on a random access device. The keys in a directory are sorted into order and stored back on the mass storage device with the addresses of the associated records. Only the keys and their addresses are involved in the sort operation, so the actual record size does not significantly influence timing considerations. Other Honeywell Series 200 data transcription routines are described in Paragraph 510: 151.15. • 16 File Maintenance THOR (Tape Handling Option Routine) Reference: •••.•.•• Honeywell Software Bulletin DSI-367 Date available: •.•.•• July 1964. Description: THOR is a general tape handling and correction routine which can position tape, locate information on tape, copy one tape onto another, and make corrections to information on tape. It can also compare two tapes and edit information on a tape. The various actions are controlled by paranleters introduced via the card reader or the operator control panel. Simultaneous Bort and Print Reference: •••.•..• Honeywell Software Manual 201. Date available: •.••• December 1965. Description: This modification to Tape Sort C allows concurrent sorting and printing operations, providing potential time savings of up to 30% over separate sort and print operations. The print program requires exclusive use of 942 memory positions, and also re- T ABLE II: CHARACTERISTICS OF SORTING ROUTINES SORT NAME Record Sizes (characters) SORT C SORT C (V) DRUM SORT C 1 to 4,095 1 to 4,095 4,000 max. Record Type (fixed or variable) fixed size Key Size (characters) Max. Number of Keys variable 1 to 990 any 1 to 990 10 1 to 4,000 10 10 - 1 full reel 1 full reel Core Storage 8 to 64K 8 to 64K Magnetic Tape Units 3 to 6 3 to 6 Card Reader/Punch No No No Printer No No No Max. File Size Equipment Requirements: 8 to 64K .I:1one , Sorting Method backward polyphase backward polypbase Date Available October 1964 January 1965 variable-way merge July 1965 (Conld.) 7/66 A AUERBACH '" 510:152.170 PROBLEM ORIENTED FACILITIES • 17 Others Date available: ••••• October 1965 • Description: Input-Output Routines • TIPTOP II: This routine reads and writes 3/4-inch tape files, blocks and unblocks items within records, detects error conditions, and automatically corrects them when possible. Honeywell 400/1400 and 800/1800 tape files can be handled. The routine uses 1,800 characters, plus 500 characters for each input file and 600 characters for each output file. These are the space requirements at object time, i. e. , when the program that uses the TIPTOP routines is being executed. MACRO, a control program, recognizes the TIPTOP II macroinstructions, selects the appropriate macro routines, specializes them, and inserts them into the Easycoder symbolic program for subsequent assembly. The MACRO program must be run before the assembly proceeds; it requires at least an 8K Honeywell 200 system with the Advanced Programming optional instructions. Statistics Package D is a set of five programs written in FORTRAN D that enable the user to perform various statistical analyses on numerical data. The number of variables permitted in most of these programs depends on the amount of memory available when running the object program. The user may change I/o, Dimensional, and Data statements to fit the particular requirements of his program. The five programs within the Statistics Package Dare: Chi-Square Least Squares Curve Fitting Mean Variance and Correlation Step-Wise Multiple Regression Analysis Random Number Generator. Industry Applications Insurance o FACILE (Fire and Casualty Insurmlce Library Editions): This series of programs constitutes an integrated management information and control system for fire and casualty insurance companies. The major application areas covered by FACILE include: Premium determination for private passenger automobiles and pickup trucks; premium determination for homeowners' physical damage and liability insurance; claims processing to verify coverage and to produce claims face sheets; agents' production and experience records, including compilation of premium and loss information to produce incurred losses to earned premium ratios by agent; and internal and external statistical summaries. • TIPTOP III: This version is a tape input-output control package which is functionally compatible with IBM 1401 IOCS. TIPTOP III consists of a series of routines that manage the input-output procedures for magnetic tape, punched card, and printer operations without requiring detailed coding. IBM tape conventions are maintained. TIPTOP III became available in October 1964. The ability to handle Honeywell tape conventions was added in June 1965. Scientific Subroutines Package A number of standard scientific subroutines are available for the Honeywell Series 200. Table III lists several of these routines together with their core storage requirements and typical execution times. Linear Programming Package D Reference: •..•..•. Honeywell Software Announcement 143. Date available: ••... now in use. Description: This package is based on the simplex method of solving linear equations. The simplex algorithm is a constructive technique which, in addition to demonstrating the existence of feasible solutions to a linear programming problem, provides a practical means of obtaining an optimal solution on which the user can base required decisions. Series 200 Linear Programming Package D is composed of a resident control p!,ogram and a group of major programs called "agenda." The control program loads the agenda into memory as directed by agendum call cards. These call cards control the sequence of the agenda being executed. Minimum equipment requirements for Linear Programming Package D include 16,384 characters of core storage, a card reader, card punch, printer, magnetic tape unit, and the Editing and Advanced Programming instructions. Statistics Package D Reference: •.•••••• Honeywell Software Bulletin 0.01. " SOLO: organizes the required information for new policy issue; processes automatic internal changes including premium billing, loan interest, coupon/ dividend funds and policy face amount changes, as well as external changes. External changes include the addition or deletion of benefits, inquiry into policy status, and loan payments or loan requests. The minimum hardware configuration required for use of FACILE and SOLO includes 12,288 characters of core storage, four 204B magnetic tape units, one card reader, one card punch, and one printer. The Advanced Programming and Editing instructions are also required. Printing and Publishing Q STET (Specialized Technique for Efficient Typesetting) is a package designed to justify and hyphenate hot metal type. The minimum hardware requirements include any Honeywell Series 200 processor, 16K characters of core storage, a paper tape reader, and a paper tape punch. Such a minimum system uses a strict orthographic logic method of hyphenation. The addition of a random access device to this equipment complement enhances hyphenation accuracy by combining the logic method with a dictionary lookup technique. Hyphenation accuracy of 99% is claimed with the combined technique, but no maximum frequency of hyphenation is stated. © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 7/66 510:152.171 HONEYWELL SERIES 200 TABLE III: TIME AND SPACE REQUIREMENTS OF REPRESENTATIVE SCIENTIFIC SUBROUTINES FUNCTION COllE STORAGE L()CATIONH USED Fixed Puint Multiply Fixed Point ~Iultiply 540 (2) 639 I'ix{'d Point Dh'idc (2) 681 Floatin~ Point 5 10 5 10 5 10 5 10 2.6 4.9 2.4 4.5 2.7 5.0 2.1 3.5 - 1144 + 6f (6) - Add/Hubtract Multiply (3) 10 10 10 1.44 1. 78 4.88 10 10 10 10 10 Comp'll'e (4) Hine (4) Cusine (·1), (5) EXllunential (4) Log (4) Squ'll'e Hoot (·1) Arctangent (4) Conversion - Floating: Decimal to Integer Conversion - Integer to Floating Decimal (3) (3) 364 657 140 482 10 0.34 to 1. 16 59.0 61.0 93.0 74.0 99.0 45.6 456 10 1.14 303 10 1.04 7Gl G21 1,517 10 1,820 16,200 126,000 ~Iatrix Inversion (4) (1) Multiply indicated execution times by 1.50 for the Model 120, 0.75 for the Model 1200, and 0.50 for the Model 2200. When the Scientific Option is installed, the arithmetic subroutines will not be required, and execution times for any of the transcendental functions will be approximately 1.8 milliseconds on Model 1200 and 1.2 milliseconds on Model 2200. (2) With Advanced Programming option. approx. 1,600 approx. 3,400 approx. 10,000 5 x 5 matrix 10 x 10 matrix 20 x 20 matrix (3) Included in storage requirement for Floating Point Basic Package. (4) Floating Point Basic Package must be in core storage, and Advanced Progrrunming option must be included in processor. (5) Sine routine must also be in core storage. (6) Where f = the len!';th of the mantissa. Others (Contd.) and Advanced Programming and Editing instructions. One of the more valuable extensions of STET in comparison to many competitive offerings is the inclusion of up to 99 preset tabular formats for ease in setting tabular material. • CART is a program package that provides the trucking industry with an automatic system for computing freight rates. CART can utilize from 16K to 32K characters of core storage, plus magnetic tape units, card reader, card punch, random access storage, and a communications network. • PHOTO-SET is another package used for outputting justified and hyphenated material to photo-composition systems such as HarrisIntertype Fototronic, Mergenthaler Linofilm, and Photon 713. At least 24K characters of core storage are required to use PHOTO-SET. Communication System General Routines • Drum Storage and Retrieval Routine General Distribution A generalized drum storage routine capable of allocating drum storage and storing and retrieving information from the drum on a realtime basis; will include both drum read/write and message queuing functions. At least 8K characters of core storage are required for use of this routine. • DISPATCH is a package of programs that provides the distribution manager with an assignment sheet advising him of order groupings for vehicle loads, total weight and/or volume of each group or orders, efficient distribution routes for the vehicles to follow, and departure and arrival times. The minimum hardware requirements for use of DISPATCH include 16K characters of core storage, four magnetic tape units, card reader, printer, 7/66 character~ MODEL 200 (1) EXECUTION TIME, millisecondo; Basic Pack.ag:c: Divide .17 537 Fixed Point Divide OPEllANIl LENGTll, • Standard Error-Control Routines Required equipment: interrupt feature and Model 286 Communications Control Unit. (Contd. ) A AUERBACH '" PROBLEM ORIENTED FACILITIES .17 Others (Contd.) A generalized standard error-control package designed to provide positive error-control action without causing the Central Processor or working real-time devices to be shut down. Provision will be made for the addition of user-coded specific error routines in conjunction with the standard package. 510: 152. 172 A routine capable of performing editing and "bookkeeping" functions, setting up data for drum buffering, and providing buffering requests. • Output Stacking and Interface Routine Required equipment: Model 286 Communications Control Unit. • Input Interface Routine A routine capable of retrieving data from drum storage, operating common-carrier equipment, and causing data to be transmitted from the H-200 to distant· stations. Required eqUipment: Model 286 Communications Control Unit and interrupt feature. A modularized interrupt control routine to handle real-time input interrupts from several lines, capable of utilizing common memory as well as memory unique to a given input line. • Real-Time Input Analyzer Required equipment: 12K characters of core storage. • Communications Line Status Director Required equipment: Model 286 Communications Control Unit • A polling routine capable of determining communication line availability and controlling the operation of these lines. © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 7/66 510:161.100 'A;;~~ . _---------1 HONEYWELL SERIES 200 PROCESS ORIENTED LANGUAGE COBOL B AUER8AC~ REPORTS PROCESS ORIENTED LANGUAGE: COBOL B .1 GENERAL . 11 Identity: . . . . . . . . . . COBOL B . ·) .1- Origin: . . . . . . . . . . . Honeywell EDP. .142 Restrictions of Honeywell's COBOL B with Respect to ASA X3.4 . 1:l Reference: . . . . . • . . Honeywell Software Bulletin 028. . 14 Description Honeywell's COBOL B Compiler. is designed to operate on a Series 200 system that has a minimum of 8,192 charactcrs of core storage, two magnetic tape units, a card reader, a card punch, and a printer. COBOL B provides a restricted COBOL source language but offers a fast and efficient compiler. (Paragraph .142 lists the principal language restrictions of COBOL B in relation to Compact COBOL.) Therefore, COBOL B may prove somewhat constricting to the experienced programmer. However, it provides the new user with a language that is easy to learn and use. Two larger COBOL languages for use with the Honeywell Series 200 are described in the following report section Any level number must be in the range 01 through 05, rather than 01 through 10 as specified by ASA . (2) The MULTIPLE REEL clause of the FILECONTROL entry is not permitted, although multiple-reel files can be handled in less direct ways. (3) The RECORDING MODE IS clause of the File Description entry is not included. (4) The DATA RECORD IS clause is acceptcd by the compiler, but no compilation action takes place. (5) The USAGE IS and SYNCHRONIZED clauses of the Record Description entry are not present. (6) Only one level of OCCURS is allowed in the Record Description entry; the ASA standard requires two. (7) The PICTURE IS clause of the Hecord Description entry is restricted to a string of characters without further options. BLANK WHEN ZERO is not implemented. (8) The ADD and SUBTRACT verbs permit only two quantities to be added or subtracted. (510: 162). This compiler is offered in three forms: as a stand-alone program, as a program integrated to run under Control of Operating System-Mod 1, or as an integral part of Easytab-the unit record equipment simulator described in Paragraph 510: 151. 17. Any desired additions to the routines provided by Easytab must be coded in the COBOL B language. Users of tabulating equipment who desire to move up to their first computer are thus offered use of a relatively easy-to-learn language and easy-to-use conversion package. The Compact COBOL language standards used in the remainder of this section are those published in the American Standards Associations X3. 4 COBOL Information Bulletin #5 in October 1964. However, Compact COBOL has not been officially adopted as an American standard to date. . 1-11 Availability Language specifications: . . . . . October 1965. Compiler: . . . . . . . . May 1966. 7/66 cm #5 (1) (9) The DISPLAY verb does not provide an alternative output device to the on-line printer. (10) The AFTER ADVANCING option is not provided with the WRITE verb. .143 Extensions of Honeywell's COBOL B with Respect to ASA X3.4 CIB #5 (1) A SENSE-SWITCH ON or OFF STATUS clause is provided within the SPECIAL-NAME entry. Up to four sense switches can be specified. (2) An APPLY DOUBLE-BUFFER ON clause is provided with the 1-0 CONTROL entry. This permits use of the simultaneous input-output operations capability of the Honeywell Series 200 systems . (3) A Switch Status imperative statement is provided with the IF verb. (4) A THRU Character option is provided with the MOVE verb. fA AUERBACH (j) 510:162.100 A SUMDARD ED]? AUERBACH HONEYWELL SERIES 200 PROCESS ORIENTED LANGUAGE COBOL D AND H RHO.IS ~ PROCESS ORIENTED LANGUAGE: COBOL D AND H .1 GENERAL .11 Identity: . . . • . • . • . . COBOL D. --COBOLH. . 12 Origin: .' •••••..... Honeywell EDP. . 13 Reference: . . . . . . • . Honeywell Software Bulletin 065. .14 Description Two COBOL compilers are available for use with Honeywell's Tape Resident Operating System Mod 1. The COBOL D and COBOL H languages differ in the number of language elements provided, in the addressing mode of the object code generated, and in the minimum core storage requirements for compilation. COBOL D operates in a minimum environment of 16K characters of core storage and generates instructions in the three-character address mode at an average speed of 300 card images per minute. Because of the relatively small core storage design level, certain COBOL language deficiencies are present relative to the Department of Defense Required COBOL-61. These deficiencies are tabulated in Paragraph .142. COBOL H operates in a minimum environment of 32K characters of core storage and generates instructions in the four-character address mode. Three-character addresses can also be generated if desired. COBOL H offers all of the features of Required COBOL-61 with the exception of threelevel subscripting. COBOL H also provides certain features of COBOL-61 Extended, as well as several elective features. Paragraphs. 142 through .145 compare the language facilities of Honeywell's COBOL D and H languages to the language facilities of COBOL-61. In addition to the minimum core storage requirement already mentioned, both compilers require the use of four magnetic tape units, a card reader, a card punch, and an on-line printer. The compilers are designed to be expandable in modules and are self-adapting to core memories larger than their minimum requirements. A Language Preprocessor is available to handle the entire range of COBOL language features that involve the use of duplicate user-created names. The Language Preprocessor will operate outside the main "compile loop" and will provide these additional facilities at the cost of an additional tape pass. The many users who require no duplicate names in their source programs can bypass this Preprocessor pass. The following language features are handled by the Language Preprocessor: Environment Division: • All RENAMING clauses in the FILE -CONTRa L paragraph. Data Division: III All non-library COPY statements. 8 All duplicate data-names, whether caused by RENAMING, COPY, or normal use, which have been referred to in the PROCEDURE DIVISION. Procedure Division: • All duplicate paragraph-names, whether referred to or not. III All use of qualification in references to datanames or procedure-names. • All use of the CORRESPONDING options in MOVE, ADD, and SUBTRACT statements. The Extended facilities of COBOL-61 and new mass .141 Availability storage handling and table look-up facilities have Language: . . . . . . . . . 1961. been included within the latest official DOD COBOL language-COBOL-65. Honeywell is currently Compilerimplementing the Sequential and Random Access COBOL D: .••...• basic compiler available with Sequential Processing statements of COBOL-65. now; compiler with option However, the PROCESS statement used for Random to use up to 6 tape units Access with Random Processing, and the Hold will be available in statement used for Asynchronous Processing, are July 1966. not included. COBOL H: ••..... basic compiler available now; complete mass A number of COBOL-65 facilities are not provided storage-oriented compiler in either version of Honeywell's current COBOL in first quarter 1967. languages. These defiCiencies, in addition to that mentioned in the paragraph above, include: .142 Deficiencies of Honeywell COBOL D with Respect • No Report Writing Options. to Required COBOL 61 • Only a basic implementation of the SORT Environment Division: feature. • The RENAMING option in the FILE-CONTROL • No multiple receiving field facilities in paragraph, which is used if more than one file arithmetic statements. utilizes the same File Description, is omitted. (COBOL D will handle it if the Language Pre• No Table Handling facilities wi"th the indexing and search options. processor is used.) © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 7/66 510:162.142 HONEYWELL SERIES 200 .142 Deficiencies of Honeywell COnOL D with Respect to Required COnOL-61 (Contd.) • The INTO clause of the READ verb is omitted. • Data Division: • .143 Extensions of Honeywell COBOL D and H With Respect to COBOL-61 Level numbers may be in the range 01 to 49 and level 77. Up to ten levels may be used to describe a data item in a Record Description. Extensions to COBOL-61 included in both COBOL D and COBOL If include the CORRESPONDING option of the ADD and SUBTRACT verbs. In addition, a special form of the PERFORM verb, Option 5, is available in both versions to provide optimization of subroutines and maintain compatibility with other COBOL compilers. COBOL H provides the basic implementation of the SORT verb, a restricted version of the table handling . option, and a limited version of the Mass Storage language extension of COBOL-61. • Only 2 levels of subscripting are permitted. Procedure Division: • The FROM clause of the WRITE verb is omitted. The DEPENDING ON clause of the GO verb is omitted. • Subscript variation within. the PERFORM verb (Option 5) is not allowed . . 144 COBOL-61 Electives Implemented (see 4'161. 3) Elective Key No. Comments Characters and Words 1* 2* 3 5 6 +, -, *, Formula characters Re lationship characters Semicolon Figurative constants Figurative constants I, **, =maybe used in formulas. > and < are available. Used for convenience of reader. HIGH BOUND(S), LOW BOUND(S). HIGH-VALUE(S); LOW-VALUE(S). File Description 8 9 11 BLOCK size FILE CONTAINS SEQUENCED ON Allows block size to be expressed as a range. Approximate file size can be shown. Specifies the keys on which records in a file are sequenced. Record Description 13 16* 19* 20 Table length RANGE IS SIZE clause option Conditional range 22* Verbs COMPUTE 25 26 INCLUDE USE Lengths of tables and arrays may vary. Value ranges of items can be shown. Can be used to specify size of any record. A conditional value can be a range. Algebraic formulas are permitted. (This feature is currently being implemented.) Library routines can be called. Enables own coding to be specified for I/O errors and file and tape labels. Verb Options 27 28 30 LOCK MOVE CORRESPONDING ADVANCING 32* 33 34 Formulas Operand size Relationships 35 36 36* 37 38 Tests Conditionals Conditionals Compound conditionals Complex conditionals 39 Conditional statements 40 SOURCE -COMPUTER Locks rewound tapes. Moves and edits relevant records. Specifies paper advance for each line of print. Algebraic formulas can be used. Up to 18 digits. IS UNEQUAL TO, EQUALS, and EXCEEDS are provided. IF { } IS NOT ZERO form is provided, Abbreviation 3 of IF verb. Implied objects with implied subjects. ANDs and ORs can be intermixed. Conditional statements are permitted within conditional statements. Environment Division Enables a programmer to describe a subset of an automatic description. * Implemented in COBOL H only. 7/66 /' ! (Contd.) fA AUERBACH ® PROCESS ORIENTED LANGUAGE: 510:162.144 COBOL D AND H .144 COBOL-61 Electives Implemented (see 4'161 3) - Contd Elective Key No. 41 OBJECT-COMPUTER 42 SPECIAL-NAMES 43 FILE -CONTRO L 45 I-O-CONTROL Comments Enables a programmer to describe a subset of an automatic description. Enables names to be given to parts of a console. Enables a library description to be used to describe a file. Enables a library description to be used. Identification Division 47 DATE-COMPILED Current date will be inserted automatically. Special Features 48 49 Library Segmentation Library routines can be called. Object programs can be segmented. .145 COBOL-61 Electives Not Implemented (see 4:161. 3) Key No. Elective Comments Characters and Words 4 7 Long literals Computer-name Literals may not exceed 120 characters. No alternative computer names File Description 10 12 Label formats HASHED 14 Item length 15 17 BITS option RENAMES 18 SIGN IS Label handling Labels must be standard or omitted. Hash totals cannot be created. Record Description 21 Variable item lengths cannot be specified in a PICTURE. Items cannot be specified in bits. Alternative groupings of elementary items cannot be specified. No separate signs are allowed. Only standard labels (or none) may be used. Verbs 23 24 DEFINE ENTER New verbs cannot be defined. Other languages can be entered only through use of LOAD and CALL verbs. Verb Options 29 31 OPEN REVERSED STOP Read reverse facility is not provided. © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 7/66 -1 "...... 510: 163. 100 HONEYWELL SERIES 200 PROCESS ORIENTED LANGUAGE FORTRAN D. H. AND J /A..EDP AUERBACH REPONrS ~ PROCESS ORIENTED LANGUAGE: FORTRAN D, H, AND J .1 GENERAL . 11 Identity: .. .12 Origin: .13 Reference: .14 Description FORTRAND, H, and J. .. Honeywell EDP. FORTRAN Reference Manuals 027 and 028. The Honeywell FORTRAN compilers D, H, and J can be used with the full spectrum of Series 200 processors - from a 16K-character Model 120 that has no multiply and divide hardware, through a Model 200 that uses either three or four-character addressing, up to the larger Models 1200, 2200, and 4200 that utilize the optional floating-point Scientific Instruction Package. Compatibility is stressed between the three levels of the FORTRAN source language in order to permit graceful growth from the smaller Series 200 processor models to the larger. Recompilation of FORTRAN source programs is all that is required to incorporate the additional hardware features of the larger processor models. or, in the case of I/O statements and library function names, converts the FORTRAN II name to its FORTRAN D equivalent. Table I provides a listing of the statement conversions provided by SCREEN. Listed below are several extensions of the Honeywell FORTRAN H language as compared to the basic FORTRAN D language. FORTRAN H requires the use of at least 32K characters of core storage and floating point hardware. • The FORTRAN H compiler can operate as a background program in a communications environment. • Both complex and double-precision data types are permitted. • Mixed-mode arithmetic expressions are permitted. The priority of the data types within arithmetic expressions follows, in descending order: complex. double-precision, real and integer. I) The compatibility goals of the Honeywell FORTRAN language extend also to the earlier FORTRAN languages of the IBM 1400 Series. All language features of the 1401 FORTRAN language are provided as a subset of the 16K design level FORTRAN D language. Likewise, the language features of IBM's 1410/7010 FORTRAN are provided as a subset of the 32K design level FORTRAN H and the 65K design level FORTRAN J. Discrepancies between the FORTRAN II used with the IBM 1400 Series and the Honeywell FORTRAN D language can be resolved by a conversion program supplied by Honeywell. This program requires a separate pass prior to the FORTRAN D compilation The conversion program, called SCREEN, either reproduces the FORTRAN II statements directly, • In both arithmetic and logical assignment statements, evaluation takes place during execution and the resultant value is assigned to a variable. FORTRAN H provides a BEGIN TRACE statement that will cause the name of the variable and its assigned value to be printed each time an assignment statement is executed. The programmer can optionally arrange data records in free-form data sentences. Each field in a sentence is associated by its position with a list variable of a READ or WRITE statement. When data is formatted in data records. no FORMAT statement is required for the data. Each variable-length data-field corresponds to a word of a sentence, and each data-field corresponds to the variable in the same position in the I/O statement. TABLE I. SCREEN CONVERSION OUTPUT Conversion of Library Function Names Conversion of I/O Statements FORTRAN II FORTRAN D FORTRAN II FORTRAN D FORTRAN II FORTRAN D ABSF XABSF INTF XINTF MODF XMODF SIGNF XSIGNF MAXOF XMAXOF MAXIF XMAXIF MINOF XMINOF ABS lABS AINT INT AMOD MOD SIGN ISIGN AMAXO MAXO AMAXI MAXI AMINO MINO MINIF XMINIF FLOATF XFIXF DIMF XDIMF LOGF SINF COSF EXPF SQRTF ATANF TANHF AMINI MINI FLOAT IFIX DIM !DIM ALOG SIN COS EXP SQRT ATAN TANH READ INPUT TAPE i. n, List READ (i, n) List READ TAPE i, List READ (i) List READ n, List READ (i. n) List WRITE OUTPUT TAPE i, n. List WRITE (i, n) List WRITE TAPE i. List WRITE (i) List PRINT n. List WRITE (i. n) List PUNCH n. List WRITE (i, n) List © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 7/66 510:163.140 .1-1 HONEYWELL SERIES 200 Dl'scription (Contd.) • • All Honeywell FORTRAN compilers require the use of at least four magnetic tape units. Additional tape units can be utilized to improve the performance of the FORTRAN compilers and to provide flexible operational options during compilation. Whenever a Hollerith constant is valid (such as in FORMAT statements. data initialization statements. and as an argumcnt in CALL statements), the programmer has the option of substituting a self-defining charactcr string delimited by colons. This eliminates the need for counting the number of characters in the string. The minimum core storage requirements are as follows: FORTRAN D - 16K characters; FORTRAN H - 32K characters; and FORTRAN J 49K characters. Honeywell states that compilation speeds for the three FORTRAN compilers are approximately as follows: In FORMAT statements. the T-specification indicates the next position in the record that will be read or written; the G-specification indicates a generalized format for integer. real. alphabetic. logical. and double-precision data. • An IMPLICIT statement permits assignment of type-specification according' to the first letter of variable names. FORTRAN D: . FORTRAN H: FORTRAN J: 250 statements per minute. 800 statements per minute. 800 statements per minute. .141 Availability Language specifications: . . . . . FORTRAN Compiler D: . . . . . FORTRAN Compiler H: . . . . . FORTRAN Compiler J: Additional FORTRAN H extensions in relation to FORTRAN D are presented in Table II. The "Chaining" overlay technique used by Honeywell's FORTRAN compilers is a major extension to the method of overlay control used in the IBM 1400 Series FORTRAN and in the 7090 FORTRAN II languages. A job can consist of a group of independent segments (links) which can occupy memory at different times. Each link is overlaid in memory by the subsequent linle The CALL CHAIN statement causes transfer of control between linl(s. This chaining feature permits execution of large FORTRAN programs in relatively small core storage environments. 1964. July 1965. 3rd quarter 1966. 1st quarter 1967. . 142 Restrictions of FORTRAN D Relative to IBM 7090/7094 FORTRAN IV (1) Integer constants can range to 2 23 _1 as compared to 2 35 _1 in 7090/7094 FORTRAN. .143 Extensions of FORTRAN D Relative to IBM 7090/7094 FORTRAN IV (1) Paragraphs . 142 and. 143 below compare Honeywell FORTRAN D to IBM 7090/7094 FORTRAN IV. The facilities of the FORTRAN D language are compared to those of FORTRAN H in the above description and in Table II. The FORTRAN J language is provided for use with Honeywell's large-scale Operating System - Mod 2 integrated software control system. It is expected that FORTRAN J will offer few. if any. language extensions over FORTRAN H. (2) (3) FORTRAN D floating-point constants can range from 2 to 20 digits. IBM 7090/7094 FORTRAN IV provides a range of from 1 to 9 digits in this type of constant. The subroutines MDUMP. DUMP, and PDUMP provide a variety of dynamic dumping facilities. The subroutines PARITY, EOF, and EOT permit tests for parity error, end of file, and end of tape I/O conditions. TABLE II. COMPARISON OF FORTRAN H AND FORTRAN D Feature FORTRAN Compiler H FORTRAN Compiler D 3 as in ASA 2 Extended ranges in DO nests As in ASA Not implemented BLOCK DATA subprograms As in ASA Not implemented Naming main program Via control card On TITLE statement End-of-tape on object tapes Console type-out, but program re-entry not permitted EOT subroutine permits program re-entry Conversion of FORTRAN II I/O statements During compilation Via SCREEN run mode Parity and EOF checks Via input statement Via subroutine Maximum dimension of arrays / 7/66 A AUERBACH @ --.,. A IA AUERBAC~ 510: 171. 100 "'''AiD EDP HONEYWELL SERIES 200 MACHINE ORIENTED LANGUAGE EASYCODER RfPlIlIlS ~ MACHINE ORIENTED LANGUAGE: EASYCODER .1 GENERAL .11 Identity: .12 Origin: .13 Referencc: . 14 Description The paragraphs that follow describe in considcrable detail the facilities of the Easycoder C and D versions of the assembly language. The limitations of the Easycoder A and B languages and their relationships to the two larger versions are discussed in Section 510: 182, Program Translators, wherc the differentiating characteristics of the foul' Easycoder translators are presented. It should be noted that the basic language facilities of Easycoder are the same for all versions. ...• Easycodcr A, B, C, and D. . Honeywcll EDP. Honeywell 200 Programmers ncfercncc Manual. Easycoder is the standard assembly language for the Honeywell Series 200. It is patterned after the IBM 1401 Autocoder language, but there is no direct source language compatibility between the two systems. The instruction format in Easycoder consists of a mnemonic operation code followed by a free-form number of operands separated by commas. Addresses can be specified in absolute, symbolic, or relative form. The operands may be core storage locations or control characters which further define the meaning of the instruction. See Figure] for an Easycoder coding form and some sample coding. There are four versions of the Easycoder language, designed for use with progressively larger config"urations of the translating Series 200 computer system. A fifth Series 200 symbolic assembly language, Assembler J, is described in Section 510: 193-0perating System-Mod 2. Easycoder provides for the use of all the Series 200 machine instructions, for object-time modification by indirect addressing and indexing of operands, and for relative addressing of operands in the source language. The operand TEMP -j 26 will be interpreted by the assembly program as referring to the field which is addressed by the 26th location after TEMP. The four versions of Easycoder are: • Easycoder A: usable on minimum configurations with card input-output units and 4, 096 positions of core storage; no literals; macros can be used only in systems with at least 8K storage positions. • Easycoder B: requires 8,192 core storage positions, card or paper tape input-output units, and a printer; provides all the facilities of Easycoder A plus macro instructions and literals. • Easycoder C: requires 12,288 core storage positions and at least 3 magnetic tape units; provides additional facilities to simplify program preparation and segmentation of object programs. • Easycoder D: requires 16,384 core storage positions and at least 3 magnetic tape units; provides all the facilities of Easycoder C, plus the additional facility of assembling programs that use 4-character mode addressing. Relative addressing is widely used in the Easycoder language, particularly where the size of the symbol table is restricted by core storage limitations (see Paragraph . 311). Because of the vari0us addressing modes, ambiguities can arise; for instance, the references INST + 2, INST + 3", and INST + 4 might all actually refer to the A-address field of the instruction INST, depending on the addressing mode currently in use. Such ambiguities are normally handled by defining a symbolic constant which is equated to the address length, and using this in place of the absolute value of the address length. EASYCODER COOING fORM CARD NUMBER ~ 6 I 2 ,. " I ,. I lOCATION TWO "411/ 211412 J 1141/.1 COM-PAR ..-,1 14 1 , "-'its 711411 • 1i4 IS! , "'4 1/9 ..-'211 , , ·, · : OPERATION 141$ U" 202. A ADDEND S AUG+I,JI, YEAN SCE GOTOIF NA AIIG -f 1,Jd., SAM.EAS OF M AUG+IJ! SAM£AS s +.J/,ACCUM 11285/1, BEGIN THREE BA A 31 , ........L_~~ ADDEND, SEPT SEPT, YEA R BeE A PAGE OPERANDS CODE IF 11,1161 : OATE PROGRAMMER PROBLEM FOUR SEPT 3..- ADDEND, s£pr+1 i i ~~~L ... 1 I L I 1.......-.0-.<-..... _-1 , , L......-~ 1 ~ Figure 1. Easycoder Coding Form and Sample Coding © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 7/66 510:.171. 140 . 14 HONEYWELL SERIES 200 Description (Contd.) The programmer writing in Easycoder also has the flexibility of deciding whether to refer to constants, reserved fields, and instructions by the leftmost or rightmost character. Constants arid reserved fields are normally addressed by the rightmost character, and instructions by the leftmost. This convention can be reversed by the programmer by indenting the symbol name one character. (This also reduces the maximum label length to five characters.) This indentation is carried forward onto the program listing, but it may not stand out in the absence of other contiguous symbolic names. However, when the symbol is subsequently used, no explicit reference is made on the listing to indicate that the conventions have been reversed, so it is advisable for the programmer to take a few precautions to prevent misinterpretations. only a single instruction in this manner can be restricting in some cases. .. 15 November 1964 for Easycoder A and B. .16 Availability: .2 LANGUAGE FORMAT .21 Diagram: .22 . all four assemblers are currently in operation. . see Figure 1. Legend Card Number: first 2 digits for page number; next 2 for line number; last one for insertions. Card Type: •••...•. blank for all instructions, constants, and control instructions. An * indicates a Remarks card. In addition to the executable imperative statements of the Easycoder language, a number of statements are provided for initiating the system, formatting constants and work areas, setting word marks, etc. Still other statements guide the assembly process. Included are statements that set the allocation counter to some specific absolute or relative value, or to the next value which is modulo any specified power of two (i. e., a multiple of 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, etc.). Mark: "L" indicates an item mark is to be placed over leftmost character of field or instruction; "R" indicates item mark over rightmost charactel'. Note that when L is used and the leftmost character already contains a word mark, a record mark will result. Also, in Easycoder C, D, and J, the letters A through T can be used to indicate any punctuation (item, word, or record mark) over the leftmost and/or rightmost position in the statement. Location: . . . . . . . . . may be blank or may contain a symbolic tag or an absolute decimal address. (If the first column is left blank, the normal address assignment will be reversed. ) Operation Code: . . . . contains an octal or mnemonic instruction code, a data-defining code, a library call, or an assembly control instruction code. Operands: contains the operands and variants (separated by commas) for the instruction, in free form. Remarks may follow the terminating space. Another group of statements in the Easycoder language guides execution of the object program. These include the CLEAR statement, which clears specified core storage areas; the END statement, which specifies the starting address of the program; and the EX (Execute) statement. The EX statement allows certain parts of the program to be executed before other parts are loaded. This facility allows initialization and ending routines to share the program area with the main program, and it can be used in various other ways for saving memory space. In form, it consists of a branch address to which control is transferred during the loading process. Macro-instructions may be included in programs written in Easycoder. These are single-statement instructions, with parameters included as operands in the instruction. Specialization and inclusion of the desired macro-routines are accomplished during a separate pass preceding the assembly. Currently available macro-routines are designed to facilitate the manipulation of data files on magnetic tape, drum, or disc; to perform floating-point computations; and to evaluate mathematical functions. 7/66 Publication Date: ...•. February 1966 for Easycoder C and D. The Easycoder C and D languages include a number of assembly control instructions not provided in the Easycoder A and B languages. These statements are aimed primarily at simplifying the use of segmented programs. The SFX (Suffix) statement directs the assembly program to add a single-character suffix to each symbolic tag in the subsequent coding, and the SEG (Segment) header defines the start of a segment. .23 Two other instructions, REP (Repeat) and GEN (Generate), act on a single adjacent instruction, repeating it a specific number of times, with or without modification. These facilities can be helpful where the contents of a table are to be accumulated, or where some other repetitive operation must be performed. The limitation of processing .231 Insertions: . • . . . . . . at bottom of page. . 232 Deletions: . • . . . . . . cross out offending line . .233 Alterations: . • . . . . . erase and correct. (Easycoder C and Dprovide facilities for program corrections during assembly.) A Corrections (Contd.) AUERBACH ® MACHINE ORIENTED LANGUAGE: EASYCODER .24 Special Conventions . 241 Compound addresses: · any number of symbols and decimal intcgers (up to the limit of card field length) combined by addition (+) and/or subtraction (-) signs. .242 Multi-addresses: · free-form, separated by commas . . 243 LiteralsEasycoder A and B: . none. Easycoder C and D: . alphameric, decimal, binary, octal, or address literals may be used. . 244 Special coded addresses: . . . . . . . *refers to leftmost character of the instruction in which the* symbol appears as an operand. .245 OthersAbsolute addresses: · any decimal number from zero to the largest numbers which can' be contained in an address field (4095 for 2-character addresses, 32, 767 for 3-character addresses, 65,535 for 4-character addresses). Leading zeros may be omitted. Indirect addresses: · enclosed in parentheses. Indexed addresses: · address followed by +X and the number of the index register. Note: Indirect and indexed addresses can be used only in the 3-character or 4-character addressing modes . .3 LABELS .31 General . 311 Maximum number of labelsEasycoder A .400. (4K core): Easycoder B . 400. (8K core): Easycoder B . 850. (12K core): Easycoder C and D: . no practical limit. . 312 Common label formation rule: . . . . . . . . yes. .313 Reserved labels: . . . . none. . 314 Other restrictions:. . special characters are not allowed in programmerdefined symbols. .316 Synonyms permitted: . yes; EQU pseudo. . 32 Universal Labels .321 Labels for proceduresExistence: . . . . . . . mandatory if referenced by other instructions, unless address arithmetic is used. Formation ruleFirst character: .. alphabetic. Last character: ... numeric or alphabetic Others: . . . . . . . . numeric or alphabetic. Number of characters: . . . . . . . . 1 to 6. 510: 171. 240 .322 Labels for routines: . 323 Labels for . 324 Labels for .325 Labels for .32(; Labels for .33 library ..... constants: files: ... records: variables: Local Labels:' · · · · · same same same same same as as as as as procedures . procedures . procedures. procedures. procedures. · none. .4 .41 Constants .411 Maximum size constants: IntegerDecimal: .40 decimal digits. Octal: · 40 octal digits (20 character positions) . Binary: · (; decimal digits (20 character positions). Alphabetic: .40 characters, preceded and followed by (w. Alphameric: · same as alphabetic . . 412 Maximum size literals: . . . . · same as constants; all literals longer than 5 characters will be stored once for each occurrence. .42 Working Areas .421 Data layoutImplied by use: . . . . alternative. Specified in program: alternative (through use of DA control instruction) . .422 Data Type: . . . . .. . not required. .423 Redefinition: . . . .. . yes. .43 Input-Output Areas .431 Data layout: . . . . . . . implicit or specified with DA control instruction . .432 Data type: · not required. .433 Copy layout: · yes. ·5 PROCEDURES .51 Direct Operation Codes .511 MnemonicExistence: Number: Example: .512 AbsoluteExistence: Number: Example: Comment: · 52 · alternative. .41. · 36 = Decimal Add. · written as two octal digits right justified in command field. Macro-Codes · 521 Number available: .523 New macros: . . . . .53 · alternative . · 43 (many variations through "V" variant characters) . · A = Decimal Add. · 13 to date for inputoutput control. · inserted into library by assembly. Interludes: . . . . . . . . none. © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 7/66 510:171. 540 · 54 HONEYWELL SERIES 200 Translator Control MACRO AND PSEUDO TABLES .8 .81 .541 Method of controlAllocation counter: .. pseudo-operation. Label adjustment: .. pseudo-operation. Annotation: . . . . . . . special cards. .6 SPECIAL ROUTINES AVAILABLE .61 Special Arithmetic Description OPEN: . . . . . . . . • . . initializes a file and checks label. CLOSE: . . . . . • . . . . terminates and deactivates a file. GET: . . . • . . . . . . . . locates a record for processing. PUT: . . . . . . . . . . . . inserts a record in an output file . FEOR: . . . . . . . .. initiates end of reel routine at other than the normal end . FETCH: . . . . . . . . . . reads items from disc or drum in the order of sorted keys. LOCATE, UNLOAD, RESTORE, EDIT, CORRECT, COMPARE, CLEAR: . initiate utility functions. .611 Facilities: . . . . . . . . multiply, divide; floating-point add, subtract, multiply, divide. . 612 Method of call: . . . . . macro. · 62 Special Functions . 621 Facilities: . . . . . . . . log, sine, cosine, exponential, square root, arctangent, hyperbolic tangent. · 622 Method of call: . . . . . macro. .63 Overlay Control: · 64 Data Editing .. controlled by programmer; no special facilities. .82 Code .641 Radix conversion: ... none. · 642 Code translation: . . . . hardware capability (optional) . .643 Format control: . . . . . by hardware editing capability (optional). · 65 Input-Output Control . 651 .652 . 653 .654 .655 File labels: . . . . . . . . Reel labels: . . . . . . . Blocking: . . • . . . . • . Error control: . . . . . . Method of call: . . . • . .66 Sorting: . . . • . . • . • . see Paragraphs 510:151. 13 and 510:152.13 for descriptions of the Series 200 Sort programs. .67 Diagnostics . . core memory and tape dumps may be called in by operator or connected by programmed linkage. .672 Tracers: . . . . . . . . . none. .673 Snapshots: . . . . . . . . see Paragraph. 671. .671 Dumps: . . . . LIBRARY FACILITIES · 71 Identity: . . . . . . . . . . Series 200 Easycoder --Library. · 72 Kinds of Libraries · 721 Fixed master: . . . . . . no. .722 Expandable master: .. yes. .723 Private: . . . . . . . . . . may be added to. · 73 Storage Form: . . • . . . magnetic tape or mass storage devices. · 74 Varieties of Contents: . subroutines and macro routines. .75 l\Iechanism .751 Insertion of new item: . by Easycoder C and D assemblers. .752 Language of new item: Easycoder . . 753 l\Iethod of call: . . . . . macro or insertion deck. . 76 7/66 Description CONF: . . . . . . . . . . . describes configuration of translating and object systems. DCA: . . . • . . . . . • . . precedes a series of file descriptions. . PROG: . . . . . . . . . . . identifies the program . RESV: . . . . . . • . . . . reserves an area of core memory . **DA: . . . . . . . . • . . . . defines area(s) of memory which contain fields or subfields ORG: . . . . . . . . . . . . specifies the following coding is to be assigned to memory locations starting at the location written in the operand field. MORG: . . . . . . . . . . . assigns locations to the following coding starting at the next location which is a multiple of the numbers written in the operand field (must be a power of 2) . EQU: . . . . . . . . . . . . assigns the value written in the operand field to the tag in the location field. The operand may be an absolute, symbolic, or indexed address. If * is used, it refers to the next location available for allocation. CEQU: . . . . . . . . . . . equates an octal constant with a tag which represents a variant character. ADMODE: . . • . . . . . . directs assembler to assemble the following instructions with 2, 3, or 4 character addresses, as specified in the operand field. Stays in effect until the next ADMODE instruction . yes. yes. yes. yes. macro. .7 Pseudos Insertion in Program: . inserted in-line at point of call. ** Not available in Easycoder A. fA AUERBACH OJ (Contd. ) 510:171.820 MACHINE ORIENTED LANGUAGE: EASYCODER .82 Pseudos (Contd.) Code Code Description .. allows coding to be executed during the loading process~ END: . . . . . . . . . . . . last card of the program; specifies starting address of program. CLEAR: . . . . . . . . . . specifies which area(s) of memory are to be cleared before loading the program (may be specified in absolute or symbolic). DCW: . . . . . . . . . . . . loads a constant and sets a word mark in the highorder position. DC: . . . . . . . . . . . . . loads a constant without a word marIe .. stores a constant equivDSA: .. alent to the machine address assigned to a specific symbolic address. EX: . Description *SFX: . . . . . . . . . . . . assigns a suffix code to the sixth position of labels. *SKIP: . . . . . . . . . . . . controls vertical spacing of assembly listing. **LITORG: . . . . . . . . . assigns storage locations to previously encountered literals and closed library routines. *REP: . . . . . . . . . . . . indicates that the following statement (DC or DCW) is to be repeated N times, where N is o to 63, *GEN: . . . . . . . . . . . . indicates that the following statement is to be repeated (with increments or decrements applied to operands) N times, where N is 0 to 63. *Easycoder C and D only. **Not available in Easycoder A. © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 7/66 -~ 510: 181. 100 ""'''' . ~~EDP HONEYWELL sERI Es 200 AUERBACH' PROGRAM TRANSLATOR REPons ~ BRIDGE 1401 PROGRAM TRANSLATOR: BRIDGE 1401 .1 GENERAL . 11 Identity: . . . . • . . . . . BRIDGE 1401. .12 Description • The average BRIDGE'd 1401 program runs about twice as fast on the H-200 as on the IBM 1401, with exceptional programs running up to five times as fast in some cases, and, in other cases, at approximately the same speed as on the 1401. BRIDGE 1401 is a translating program that will convert IBM 1401 machine-language programs to Series 200 machine-language programs automatically. Many 1401 programs will run immediately after conversion, with no further intervention; many others will require a few hours' desk checking by analysts familiar with the 1401 program and with BRIDGE 1401; and a few programs (see Paragraph . 123 below) may require a complete overhaul. The translation methods adopted, the reasons why different programs will be improved by different proportions, and the IBM 1401 facilities which are not presently covered by BRIDGE 1401 are reviewed separately in the sections below. .121 Methodology of BRIDGE 1401 The final Honeywell program will have the same logical structure as the original program, and Honeywell estimates that it will run (on a Honeywell Model 200) from 2 to 5 times as fast as the original, except in those cases where the 1401 program was limited by the speed of a single input or output device (see Paragraph . 122 below). BRIDGE 1401 runs on either a card or tape sys. tem. A condensed IBM 1401 Autocoder, condensed SPS, or SPS single load format program deck (together with a card describing certain options in conversion) is read in and stored in main memory, character by character, as it would be stored at the start of a regular 1401 operational run. During this operation all affected locations are identified in tabular form. The program is then analyzed, and an attempt is made to identify all instruction areas and list their locations in a table. At this point, a capability is provided for reproducing its contents so that other segments and overlays will correspond in the operand analysis areas. The principal restrictions of BRIDGE are: (1) The Honeywell system must have an additional 4, 096 core storage positions as well as all the peripheral devices and features of the original 1401. (2) The Honeywell system must have the Advanced Programming and Editing options (n. b., the rental price of these two features, plus the additional 4K core storage module, is $450 per month for Model 200). (3) Having isolated the instruction areas, BRIDGE 1401 then scans the 1401 program and produces a Series 200 program. Instruction operation codes, addresses, and variant characters are replaced with their equivalents where it is possible to do so on a character-by-character basis. Where this is impossible, but a simulation technique can be employed, an item mark is associated with the op code. The op code itself is replaced by a number which identifies the subroutine that exactly simulates the function of the instruction. (When the converted program runs on the Honeywell system, the computer is conditioned by instruction to operate in the "item mark trapping" mode. In this mode, an item -marked operation code will cause the other Sequence Counter to control subsequent instruction executions. The value of the operation code of this instruction is then used to transfer control to the appropriate simulating subroutine. The H-200, with its two Sequence Counters, uses one for directly translated instructions and the other for executing closed subroutines where simulation is required.) If the scrutinized instruction is not recognized as a legal 1401 instruction, or cannot at this point be simulated, a stop or pass order is inserted in its place and flagged for later use. The 1401 program must be an operational, legal program (i. e., it must not use instructions other than the way they are described in the IBM programming manuals). In some cases an installation will be able to modify Bridge so that non-standard instructions can be simulated. (See Paragraph . 122 below. ) BRIDGE 1401 has been operational since April, 1964. The results of its application to date, both for demonstrations and operational use, are stated by the manufacturer to be highly effective. Translation time averages about one minute per 4,000 characters of IBM 1401 program volume. For typical 1401 programs, the instruction breakdown currently being found by Honeywell is as follows: 7/66 • 7691: of the 1401 instructions are being directly translated. • 23.491: of the 1401 instructions require objecttime interpretation by subroutines. O. 6% of the 1401 'instructions cannot be handled by BRIDGE 1401, and are flagged for programmers' scrutiny . (Contd. ) A AUERBACH @ PROGRAM TRANSLATOR: BRIDGE 1401 510: 181. 121 effect of these factors on any specific program can be estimated with reasonable accuracy if the timing factors that determine the performance of the original 1401 program are known. .121 Methodology of BRIDGE 1401 (Contd.) The converted program is printed out, in memory order, together with a corresponding listing of the original 1401 program. Each line lists both the 1401 and Series 200 constant or instruction, together with the location value, mnemonic operation code, and error flag type, where pertinent. A Series 200 program deck is punched or written on tape. Facilities added to the BRIDGE 1401 repertoire since its original announcement include the following: • An optional final phase will accept the progTam deck containing one instruction per card and produce a condensed Series 200 program deck. o Magnetic tape can be read or written with word marks. o Compressed magnetic tapes, as used with the . 122 The Resulting Honeywell Program IBM 7070 and equivalent systems (see page 403:091.100 in the IBM 7070 Computer System Report), can be used. The final progTam, as run on the Series 200 system, bears a character-by-character, instruction-by instruction relationship to the original program except in the following details: (1) (2) Buffer input-output areas are provided for the tape units (optionally), the card reader. card punch, and printer, allowing these units to operate simultaneously with processing without disturbing the original 14(11 program logic. o Column binary cards can be read, and all other column binary instructions can be translated. .123 IBM 1401 Facilities Not Currently Handled by BRIDGE 1401 All simulated functions are handled interpretively. The actual work done within the routine is usually short (simulation of an input or output instruction, for example); but if an instruction address is being arithmetically modified (i, e., if the original program added the contents of a data field to an address), a binary to decimal conversion and a decimal to binary reconversion will have to be performed. A number of ciifferent possible limiting factors may control the performance of the object program. The resultant program will overlap card reading, card punching, anci printing. Overlapping of magnetic tape reading and writing is optional. Central processor time, in the case of the Model 200 Processor, will be reduced to between 20% and 50t;b of the original 1401 time. The overall o Use of any RPQ (non-standard) features or peripheral devices. e Use of 1311 Disk Storage Drives. o Use of paper tape equipment. There is a 300-microsecond overhead for each 1401 instruction that needs to be simulated. This allows for the necessary branching and control functions. In addition to this overhead, the simulation of the instructions concerned is handled by special library routines. Typical timings for these routines vary from 120 microseconds to simulate a Move Numeric instruction to 4, 050 microseconds for a Clear Storage and Branch instruction. These routines are easily replaceable, and in fact some installations have already written their own versions, either to cover instructions or RPQ features which are not present in the standard library or to gain improved performance through the use of additional storage. For example, the decimal-to-binary conversions could be speeded up, but this would require additional storage over and above the 4, 000 additional locations normally required by BRIDGE 1401. If an installation is able to allow more storage space, then different conversion routines can be substituted. Magnetic tape reading and writing can be buffered at object time. CD Use of 7340 Model 2 Hypertape Drives. I) Use of magnetic or optical character readers. o Use of the Console Inquiry Station. • Use of Teleprocessing devices, such as the 1009 and 7710. • Programs which modify operation codes arithmetically (e.g., add "3" to a "Read a Card" instruction to make a "Punch a Card" instruction. • Programs which modify parts of operand addresses arithmetically (e. g., add "5" to the tens position of the address "454" to make "504"). . 13 Originator: . · Honeywell EDP. .14 Maintainer: · Honeywell EDP. . 15 Availability: · April 1964 . .2 INPUT .21 Language .211 Name: . . ........ · IBM 1401 Autocoder condensed load program deck, SPS single, SPS condensed, and Autocoder tape programs . . 212 Exemptions: . . . . . . . programs which, while running, modify operation codes or partial addresses. The replacement of a complete operation code, © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 7/66 HONEYWELL SERIES 200 510: 181. 212 which are not instructions are data - no direct provision is made for any use of an instruction as .data, except for address modifications.) . 212 Exemptions (Contd.) or the modification of an entire address field will, however, be handled correctly. · ~~ This analysis covers all cases of conditional and unconditional branches, subroutine exits, and other similar situations. A table is prepared showing which areas of the IBM 1401 memory contain instructions . Fornl . 221 Input media: . . . . . . . IBM 1401 program deck or card images on tape (see . 211 above). · 222 Obligatory ordering: .. none - patching cards may be included anywhere in the program deck. ')'1 .... c) ., Size Limitations: Phase 3 - Preparation of Item Tape or Card Deck. The IBM 1401 machine instructions and data constants are then placed on an "item tape" or "item card deck." This output contains the 1401 form and location of each instruction and data constant. · must be able to be run on an IBM 1401 computer with 4K fcwer storage positions than the target system. Phase 4 - Conversion, Printout, and Punching of the Series 200 Program. The item tape (or card deck) is read. Each instruction is checked for apparent validity, whether the instruction code concerned is or is not logically identical in the two systems, and whcther the operand addresses are in the instruction area of the original program. __ OUTPUT ._--_.- ••l --. .31 Ob~"ct Program .311 Lang-clage name: .313 Output media: · Series 200 machine code. · punched card deck. If the instruction appears to be valid, and the two .321 Standard inclusions: .. subroutines to simulate the 1401 instructions that have no direct Series 200 equivalent. systems have logically identical codes, and the opcrands are not in the instruction arcas, thcn the necessary direct substitutions are made; the converted instruction and its corresponding word mark location are prepared for punching; and a printed record is made of the instruction in both the IBM 1401 and Honeywell format. · 33 If, however, the instruction code is not valid (it 0),) .u~ Conventions ----- Documentation Subject Source program: } Object program: Storage map: .. Restart point list: Language errors:. may be some 1401 RPQ feature), an NOP instruction is inserted in the punched version of thc converted program, and a note is made on the printed listing. Provision analysis listing of both source and object programs in storage order. in three parts: original ins tructions, cons tants , and simulation package. none. any unrecognized 1401 instruction codes are noted on the analysis listing. .4 TRANSLATING PROCEDURE .41 Phases and Passes If the instruction code is one which has no direct equivalent, but can be completely simulated on the Honeywell system, a jump to a subroutine entry is made. The "item mark trapping technique" is used, which only takes one punctuation position and will, therefore, never interfere with the addresses of other instructions. This jump will lead to a routine which will, at object time, simulate the effect of the original instruction. If an operand address refers to the instruction area, a jump is inserted to a binary to decimal conversion before the operation and to a decimal to binary conversion after the operation, thus allowing the address of the result to bc the correct equivalent of the 1401 coding. Phase 1 - Loading the Program to be Converted. In this phase the 1401 assembly-language program deck is read by BRIDGE 1401. The data and instructions are stored in equivalent positions in the Honeywell system, and a memory table defining all loaded areas is constructed. At the completion of the phase, therefore, a virtual copy of the original running 1401 program is stored in the Series 200 processor. Phase 2 - AnalysiS of the Program. If a data constant appears as an item, it is moved, unchanged, to the output. An object program deck is punched or written on tape. Phase 5 - Condensation of the new Program Deck (optional). This also provides an Assembly listing. .42 Working from the memory table, the loaded 1401 program is examined to identify which parts of it are instructions. (It is considered that all parts 7/66 A Optional Mode: . translation may be re" started at Phase 3 after manual insertions have been made to the list of instruction areas. (Contd. ) AUERBACH uage and absolute object program instructions, comments, and error indications. The assembler does not create storage maps, but cross-reference listings can be obtained in a post-assembly run. A directory of the programs in the symbolic file is printed. Any program in the symbolic file can be listed and/or placed in the machine-language output without being reassembled. . Easycoder Assemblers A, B, C and D. Description Easycoder Assembler programs translate Easycoder source-language programs into Honeywell Serics 200 machine-language programs and produce object programs on magnetic tape, punched paper tape, punched cards, or mass storage units. The programs produced by the C and D versions are cxecuted under control of the Series 200 Operating System-Mod 1 (described in Section 510: 192) The A and B versions of Easycoder produce programs in a self-loading format to be run independently in the Basic Programming System environment. (See Section 510: 191 for a description of this environment.) The assembler with correction facility is a threephase program. The first phase edits the input cards and performs the updating function, using an input master symbolic file if one is present for the run. The next two phases perform the normal allocation and resolution of references. On the larger versions of Easytran, these two phases are repeated as many times as necessary to handle all of the symbolic tags in the program. Thus, there is no limit on the number of such tags.' (A fifth Assembler program is provided for use with Honeywell Series 200 systems: Assembler J. This assembler is used exclusively under control of the Operating System-Mod 2 and is described in Section 510: 193.) The need for two versions of the Easycoder translator (Easycoder A and B, and Easycoder C and D) within the same operating system is caused by the variable-length addressing scheme in the Series 200. The addressing mode choice within the Basic Programming System is 2- or 3-character addressing. The Operating System-Mod 1 offers the option of 3- or 4-character addressing. The assembly system may also include a macro processor to handle the macro-instruction facilities of the Easycoder language. Macro-routines are stored in a symbolic file, in exactly the snme format as symbolic object programs. They cnn therefore be maintained using the standard assembier. Incorporation of macro-routines in a program requires a special pre-assembly run against this file. Many of the facilities of the Easycoder versions that operate under control of the larger operating systems are offered in the two basic versions through the use of separate program passes. Four major facilities are not offered with Easycoder A and B in any manner: • Bulk translating is not provided. The Easycoder assembler program must be reloaded prior to each program assembled. • The use of literals is not permitted. • The symbol table must be wholly contained in the available core storage. Symbols defined after the table has reached its limit are rejected. • The operational speed of the assemblers varies between 125 and 1,000 statements per minute, depending upon the size of the object program, the configuration of the assembling machine, and the output options selected. Segmentation control statements are not provided. The larger Easycoder assemblers (C and D) maintain a master file (library) of symbolic programs. Programs can be added to this file during the assembly run; also, programs existing in this file can be updated with symbolic corrections, insertions, and deletions, again as part of a normal assembly run. Programs can be batched \\'hen this combined updating/assembling function is performed. (Easycoder assemblers A and B allow the user to simulate the symbolic correction facility through separate program passes). 7/66 Memory requirements for use of the various versions of Easycoder are shown in Table 1. A · 13 Originator:. . . . . . . Honeywell EDP Division. .14 Maintainer:. . .. Honeywell EDP Division. · 15 Availability: ... See Table 1. .2 INPUT · 21 Language .. Easycoder (see Section 510:171). .. none . · 212 Exemptions: . punched cards, magnetic · 221 Input media: tape, or paper tape. .222 Obligatory ordering: .. according to program logic. (Contd.) .211 Name: ... AUERBACH '" ./ 510:182.223 PROGRAM TRANSLATOR: EASYCODER ASSEMBLERS TABLE I: CHARACTEIUSTICS OF THE VARIOUS EASYCODER ASSEMBLERS A~~il'mhll!l' V('~I'sion Availabillty Hl'quh·l~m(.'I\ts Opt'I'ationai Minimum - Eusy(:olit.H' A l,asyc"der B Easyco!ler C Easycoder D July HI!iO\ Apl'il JO!i:, Octoher 1964 Octo her 1964 4K positiolls of HK 12K positions of 16K pOSitions of ('01'(.' HtOl'ag't'. ('ard 01' papt.'1' tape "va del' . card 01' papel' tape.' punch. Advanced Pl'o!!,"l'am- mingo feahll'/..', positions of t'OI"(~ stOI':tl!,:c. core storage. eol'C ::;toragc. magnetic tape, punched carel 01' paper tape I'cader. curd l'cadct', printer, :md :1 magnetic tape units. card rcadol', pl'intcl', and 3 magnetic tape units. magnptic tape, Advanced Programming feature. Advanced P)'og-l'am- addi tiona I magnetic tape units can he additional magnetic tape units can he used in place of card J'cadcr and printer to incrcas'c card punch 01' papor tape punch. ming feature. . Advanced Pl'ogramminp; feature. Opt.'l'athll\al H"'l\uil'('IlH.'nls E:-i1 1;ll1dt·t! pl'inlol': lo ohtain liHlinJ..!,'!->. :'~ maglwtie lapp units: lo sinlll- or Data Itellls used in place of card reader and printer to increase assembly speed. a magnetic correction PI'Ocl'dul'eH of. . expanded assemblerS. tape units: to simulate macro Iibt'ury and correction procedures of expanded assemblers. additional core storage fol' expanded label capacity. additional core storage for expanded label capacity. ·11<: 400 labeled items. 8K: 300 labeled SK: 900 labeled items. additional 4K incl;ements: 500 labeled items per latc macro lilll'nl'Y nnd l\laximul11 Number pl'inter: to ohtain listings, addi tiona I core storage for l:u'gCl' lahel tahle capacity incl'cases assembly speed. 12K: 300 labeled items. items. increment. assemhly speed .. additional core storage for lal'g:et' lahel tahle capacity increases assembly speed. No limit to tahle size, additional 4K increments: 500 labeled items per increment. No limit to table. size on magnetic tape . . 223 Obligatory grouping: .. (1) PROOram card. (2) CLEAR cards (if any). (3) Program; including EXecute cards where part of the program is to be executed before loading is completed. (4) END card. .23 Size Limitations · 231 Maximum number of source statements: .. no limit othel' than the capacity of one full reel of tape. .232 Maximum size of source statements: . 80 characters. .233 Maximum number of data items: See Table 1. ...... .3 OUTPUT .31 Object Program .311 Language name: . .312 Language style: .313 Output media: · 32 · Series 200 machine language. · machine. · punched cards, punched paper tape, magnetic tape, or mass storage. Conventions · 321 Standard inclusions: .. bootstrap and loader. .33 Documentation Source program: Object program: Storage map: ... Restart point list:. Language errors: . · · · · · listing. listing. none. operating instructions. indicated on listing. .4 TRANSLATING PROCEDURE . 41 Phases and Passes Phase I • The symbolic card (or card image) input is scanned, checked for legality, and edited into a form acceptable by Phase II. o The mnemonic operation codes of the source program statements are translated into singlecharacter machine-language operation codes. • All literal operands (if available in the version of the assembler) are scanned, legality is checked and partially resolved. • Corrections are merged with programs on the input symbolic program file. • Programs not being assembled are the output symbolic program tape. Phase I produces listings for these and/or produces machine-language them. © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. copied to Optionally, programs output for 7/66 510:182.410 .41 HONEYWELL SERIES.200 Phases and Passes (Contd.) .5 TRANSLATOR PERFORMANCE Phase II .51 Object Program Space: same as for hand machinelanguage coding. · 52 Translation Speed: Allocates memory, builds a symbol table in memory, and writes the partially assembled coding onto intermediate storage. Card systems: ..•..• approximately 125 statements/minute. Phase III Magnetic tape systems: . . . . . . . . . up to 550 statements/ minute (with listing) or 1,000 statements/ minute (without listing). Uses the symbol table to resolve the operands and writes the fully or partially assembled coding back on the output symbolic program tape. · 42 . 421 .422 .423 . 424 . 425 · 43 Mass storage systems: ? Optional Mode Translate: . . . . . . • . Translate and run: ... Check only: . • . . • . . . Patching: " . . . . • . . Updating: . . . . . . . . . yes. yes. no. no . yes. Special Features · 431 Alter to check only: .. no. · 432 Fast unoptimized translate: . . . . . . . • no. · 433 Short translate on restricted program: . no. . 44 Bulk Translating: . . . . yes, but only with Easycoder C and D. · 45 Program Diagnostics · 53 Optimizing Data: . . . . none . .54 Object Program Performance: . . . . . same as for hand machinelanguage coding . .6 COMPUTER CONFIGURATIONS .61 Translating Computer .611 Minimum configuration: see Table 1. .612 Larger configuration advantages: . . . . . . . see Table 1. · 62 Target Computer: . . . . any Series 200 system with a card reader or magnetic tape unit • .7 ERRORS, CHECKS, AND ACTION .451 Tracers: . . . . . . . . . . no, . 452 Snapshots: . • . . . . . . . no. .453 Dumps: • . . . . . . . . . . yes. .46 7/66 Error Check or Interlock Missing entries: check flagged on listing • flagged on listing. Duplicate names: check (interlock optional) check Improper format: check Incomplete entries: check Target computer overflow: no check. Unsequenced entries: Translator Library: .• yes; programs on a symbolic program file can be incorporated into object programs and specialized according to a parameter list; in the case of Easycoder A and B, library routines can be added by means of a separate pass. fA.. AUERBACH Action flagged on listing. flagged on listing. flagged on listing. 510: 183. 100 .A "..,," /Itb'- "UER8AC~ • HONEYWELL SERIES 200 PROGRAM TRANSLATOR EASYTRAN EDP RUORTS PROGRAM TRANSLATOR: EASYTRAN .1 GENERAL . 11 Identity: .. .12 Description Easytran Symbolic Program Translator. Easytran is a punched card or magnetic tape oriented translation system that accepts as input symbolic programs in IBM 1400 Series assembly codes and produces as output equivalent Honeywell Series 200 programs in the Easycoder assembly language. A number of Easytran translator programs are provided. each with specialized characteristics and capabilities. as described below. .121 Easytran 1401 This version of Easytran translates IBM 1401/1460 SPS or Autocoder source language to Series 200 Easycoder language. using an IBM 1401 system as the translating computer. The minimum 1401 configuration required for Easytran 1401 operation is: o IBM 1401 processor with the Advanced Programming feature. • 4000 character positions of core storage. • 4 magnetic tape units. • 1402 Card Read-Punch. ., 1403-2 Printer with 132 print positions. There are three phases to the Easytran 1401 translation process. Phase I performs an input edit and reference analysis. and also replaces the 1401 input-output coding with subroutines that permit use of the input-output simultaneity of the Series 200 systems. Phase II performs the translation of instructions. Phase III performs the output edit and produces an Easycoder A source-language deck. a symbol cross-reference listing. a diagnostic listing. a program listing. and a header page with control card print-out. An extension of Easytran B over Easytran 1401 permits mixing of IBM 1400 Series SPS and Autocoder source programs in the input stream. This is accomplished by a special prepass that converts all source language input to the Autocoder source language. Easytran 1401 uses different versions of the program when converting SPS or Autocoder programs. The Easycoder program produced by Easytran includes the coding for input-output routines, but any input-output macro statements must be entered manually by the programmer. If input-output macros are entered, the modified symbolic program is processed with Honeywell's 1/2-inch Tape InputOutput B(M) package in a pre-/lssembly phase (known as Library Processor B) to linIe the automatically generated input-output coding with the manually inserted macro statements. The output of this phase is then assembled by the Easycoder A or B program. . 123 Easytran C Easytran C is an extended version of Easytran B. The following prinCipal difference can be noted: o Easytran C produces Easycoder symbolic programs as output which are assembled under the Easycoder Assembler C system and executed in the Series 200 Operating System - Mod 1 environment. By contrast, programs translated by Easytran 1401 and Easytran B are assembled by Easycoder A or B and are executed in the environment of the Basic Programming System. III Easytran C automatically translates IBM lOCS and user macro calls into macro calls compatible with Honeywell's 1/2-inch Tape and Terminal I/O C packages. A separate pass is still required to integrate the macro routines into the object program. III Easytran C permits translations to be batched for consecutive processing. Once a program has been converted, any hand iii Easytran C requires a minimum of 12. 288 charediting required to ensure that the intentions of the acters of core storage for· its operation, as comoriginal 1401 programmer have been carried out pared to the 8. 192-character requirement of can be performed in the Easycoder source language. Easytran B. No return to the original SPS or Autocoder language . 124 Easytran D is required. .122 Easytran B Easytran B uses a Series 200 system as the translating computer rather than an IBM 1401. The minimum Series 200 configuration is: • Any Honeywell Series 200 processor with 8. 192 characters of core storage and the Advanced Programming and editing instructions • Four 1/2-inch tape units with IBM Format and Code Compatibility features. • Card reader and punch with hole-count checking feature. • Printer with 132 print positions. The newly-released Easytran D translator embodies a number of features which make it noticeably superior to previous versions of Easytran. It is a comprehensive system that includes facilities to translate, update, and assemble programs in one continuous operation. The final output of the Easytran D system is an executable program which is compatible with the control facilities of the Series 200 Operating System - Mod 1. The most significant advantage of Easytran Dover earlier Easytrans is the addition of the file update features. After initial translation, this update program accepts "change director cards" that will modify an individual symbolic line. a group of lines, © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 7/66 HONEYWELL SERIES 200 510:183.124 .124 Easytran D (Contd.) • an overlay. or an entire program. Thus. the symbolic output code of the translator can be automatically altered. virtually eliminating the clerical handtailoring formerly necessary to resolve any residual problems which the translator could not handle. Another feature of Easytran D permits either individual translation or bulk translation of IBM Autocoder programs. .2 · 21 .211 Finally. Easytran D handles 1401 absolute addresses in a convenient way. All] 401 actual addresses are related to a series of symbolic tags. If it becomes necessary to modify certain actual addresses in the course of preparing the symbolic program for final assembly. the modifications can casily be made by simply reassigning the corresponding tags. In previous versions of Easytran. 140] absolute addresses were replaced with fixed values which could be modified only by manual adjustments throughout the program. .212 .22 .221 · 222 .223 The following minimum equipment configuration is required for use of Easytran Symbolic Translator D: • Any Series 200 processor with Advanced Programming and editing instructions. • · 23 .231 16.384 characters of memory. • Four 1/2-inch magnetic tape units. • Printer with 132 print positions. .13 · 14 .15 · 232 • Card reader. .125 Easytran J · 234 Easytran J translates IBM 1410/7010 Autocoder assembly language into Assembler J language. the symbolic assembly language used with the Series 200 Operating System - Mod 2. (See Section 510:193 for a description of the Operating SystemMod 2 and its associated components.) Easytran J automatically resolves Series 200 and 1410 dilferences in addressing. indexing. and internal character codes. .3 · 31 . 311 .312 Easytran J has the same extended processing facilities as the Easytran D translator that functions under control of the Operating System Mod 1. The File Update feature. called a "default translator" in Easytran J. reduces the need for hand tailoring of translator symbolic output to an average of 1 per cent of the translated instructions. (The versions of Easytran that lack the File Update feature require hand tailoring of an average of 5 per cent of the translated instructions.) .313 · 32 .33 The minimum hardware requirements for use of Easytran J include: Any Series 200 processor with 32.768 characters of core storage and the Optional Instruction package. 7/66 Subject Provision Source program: . listed on right-hand side of List 1. listed on left-hand side of List 1. none. not applicable. flagged on List 1. indexed and arranged by category on List 2. Storage map: .. Restart point list: Language errors: Diagnostics:. . . . • Six 1/2-inch magnetic tape units equipped with the IBM Format and Code Compatibility Features. Cross-reference table: . . . . . . . Card reader. input-output routines. IBM 1410 Operating System lOCS. Documentation Object program: 1 • Conventions .321 Standard inclusions: .322 Compatible with: . The first version of Easytran J will be released for field test in the third quarter of 1966 together with the initial offering of Series 200 Operating System - Mod 2. • Printer with 132 print positions. • Console typewriter. Originator: .. Honeywell EDP. Maintainer:. Honeywell EDP. Availability: . now in operation except for Easytran J. which is due for release in the third quarter of 1!J66. INPUT Language IBM ]401/1460 SPS or Name: .. Autocoder and IBM ]4]0 SPS or Autocoder. Exemptions: . . . . . . most 1400 Series inputoutput instructions are handled by specialized Series 200 subroutines. Form Input media: punched cards or magnetic tape. Obligatory ordering: as in original assembly. Obligatory grouping: special Easytran control cards must precede main program. Size Limitations Maximum number of source statements: 10, 000 SPS or Autocoder lines. Maximum size of source statements: one SPS or Autocoder line. Others Maximum number of ORG statements: .. 99. Maximum number of Execute cards: . 39. OUTPUT Object Program Language name: Easycoder or Assembler J . Language style: Series 200 symbolic assembly code. (Note that the Easytran output program must be assembled in normal fashion by one of the Honeywell assemblers before it can be executed.) punched cards or magnetic Output media: tape. List 3. (Contd.) A AUERBACH '" / 510: 183.400 PROGRAM TRANSLATOR: EASYTRAN .4 • 41 Easytran D provides the following additional program phases following the actual translation process. TRANSLATING PROCEDURE Phases and Passes There are at least four phases in an Easytran conversion process, as described below. A halt occurs at the end of the optional phase 0 for possible operator action; transitions between the other phases are automatic. File Update The File Update phase allows the programmer to initiate whole series of changes to the program being converted by means of individual change director cards. Input to File Update is the Easycoder or Assembler J symbolic program output from Phase III, plus an input change deck with director cards, and, if necessary, change director cards. Changes can be made applicable to a program, to a segment, or to a line or several lines of a program or segment. The primary output of File Update is a card-image tape in a suitable format for input to Library Processor C. Phase () (SPS-to-Autocoder Prepass) Phase 0 converts any SPS statements into symbolic 1401 Autocoder statements, so that the input to Phase I is always Autocoder. Phase I (Input Edit and Reference Analysis) The input symbolic program, in Autocoder language, is analyzed and converted to a fixed form. During this processing, symbolic references to actual locations established by EQU statements are replaced by absolute references, and symbolic addresses are substituted for absolute addresses which reference the fixed input-output areas. Library Processor C Library Processor C inserts macro routines which exist on a library symbolic program tape (SPT) into source programs in response to macro instructions within the source program generated by the Easytran D translator process. The output of Library Processor C can then be merged with previously processed programs to allow bulk translating by the Easycoder C assembler. A number of passes are made over the program in order to analyze the operands of each instruction. The result of this analysis is detailed information on the form of each referenced entry, which is then used to determine the specific function of each instruction and operand in the program. Comparable File Update and Library Processor program phases will also be provided within the Easytran J system. Phase II (Translation) utilizing the information produced by the reference analysis, one of the following actions is taken for each instruction of the input program: (1) Its operation code is converted to a onecharacter pseudo op code that represents a Series 200 instruction; (2) In-line macro-coding is substituted for the instruction; (3) The instruction is replaced by a direct call to a subroutine; or (4) The instruction is deleted. (If the instruction is referenced elsewhere in the program, it is changed to an NOP instruction. ) .42 Basic . 421 .422 .423 . 424 . 425 Translate: . . . . . . Translate and run: Check only: Patching: . . . . . . . . Updating: . . . . . . . .43 Special Features .431 Alter to check only: . .432 Fast unoptimized translate: . . . . . . \ \. (,. yes no yes no no Easytran D and J yes. yes. yes. yes. yes. yes. no. .433 Short translate on unrestricted program: . . . . . . . Phase III (Output Edit) In Phase III, the proper Easycoder mnemonic operation code is substituted for each one-character pseudo op code provided during the second phase. Phase III performs any adjustment of address modifiers that may be required as a result of insertions, deletions, and substitutions performed during Phase II. In addition, the outputs of the previous phases are combined to produce the following: Optional Modes no. multiple programs can be translated in a single batch. .44 Bulk Translating: .45 Program Diagnostics: none (i. e., no facility is included for running automatic traces or providing automatic snapshots during execution of the translated program). .46 Translator Library (1) An Easycoder or Assembler J symbolic program. (2) A parallel listing of the Autocoder and Series 200 symbolic programs with diagnostic messages. .461 Identity: ...... . 462 User restriction: .463 Form - Easytran library. none. (3) An English-language diagnostic listing pointing out any areas where "hand-tailoring" may need to be done by the programmer. magnetic tape. sequential. (4) A cross-reference listing of all tags used in the input program. Storage medium: . Organization: '.' .464 Contents Routines: .. Functions: . (5) A control card warning listing (Easytran control card and carriage control card). input-output routines. macros which replace certain 1401 and 1410 instructions. Data descriptions: .. none. © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 7/66 HONEYWELL SERIES 200 510:183.465 maximum potential of the Series 200 processor; overlapping is available for punched card and printer operations, and optionally for magnetic tape. .465 LibrarianshipInsertion:. . . . . normally by manufacturer; can be performed by installation. Call procedure: . . . . set bit in selector table. .5 TRANSLATOR PERFORMANCE · 51 Object Program Space .511 Fixed overhead: .. .512 Space required for each input-output file: . . . . . . . . . .513 Approximate expansion of procedures: .52 see Table I. Optimizing Data: . · 54 Object Program Performance: . TABLE I. COMPUTER CONFIGURATIONS .61 Translating Computer .611 Minimum configuration: . . . . . . . card and printer file areas are included in Table I; magnetic tape files require one buffer area per input file, and a single output buffer. 4-tape, 4K IBM 1401 or 8K Honeywell Series 200 system. 132-position printer. Advanced Programming feature. .612 Larger configuration advantages: . . . . . . additional tape units speed translation; larger memories reduce the probability of passes being repeated due to table overflows. typically 1. 1 to 1 in body of translation, plus fixed overhead as listed in Table I. Translation Time: ... approximately 5 minutes overhead, plus 1 minute per 1, 000 characters of input program size (e. g., 13 minutes for an 8K 1401 program). · 53 .6 none. Easytran D environment permits smoother, less time-consuming translations with its minimal hand editing requirement and bulk translation procedures. internal processing runs at about 80 per cent of Easytran J environment permits conversion of IBM 1410/7010 programs. FIXED STORAGE REQUIREMENTS FOR EASYTRAN OBJECT PROGRAMS Core Storage Requirement in Characters Name of Subroutine Basic (A and B) Easytran C Easytran D Commonly used constants and routines (including dynamic op code table, read/ write channel select, branch on indicator, halt, and seven -character store B-address Register) Subroutine common entry Decimal to binary conversion Binary to decimal conversion Clear storage Read, print, punch buffers 351 391 630 74 153 164 148 93 375 90 375 - 548 346 481 110 375 I/O subroutine entry Card Read Card Punch Print Carriage Control 37 185 102 253 346 101 189 92 253 348 100 304 275 883 348 1724 27 1330 18 371 282 1776 140 160 375 - Buffered tape I/O routines Move and suppress zeros Move and insert zeros Multiply and divide - - Note: The subroutine core storage requirements for Easytran J have not been released to date. (Contd. ) 7/66 A AUERBACH ® 510:183.620 PROGRAM TRANSLATOR: EASYTRAN · G2 Target Computer .7 ERRORS. CHECKS. AND ACTION · (i21 Mininlluu configu- ration: . . . . . . . . cxecution of converted 1401/1460 programs requires any Series 200 system with Advanced Programming feature, Editing instructions, carcl reader and punch with hole-count checking. Error execution of converted 1410 programs requires any Scries 200 processor with the Table Lookup instructions and a minimum of 32, 768 characters of core storage. printer. magnetic tape units (must have IBM compatibility features). mass storage units (with Easytran J). Missing entries: check Unsequenced entries: Duplicate names: no check. check Improper format: check Incomplete entries: check Target computer overflow: mconsistent program: · (j22 Usable extra facilities: .. Check or Interlock .8 ALTERNATIVE TRANSLATORS: . © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info. Inc. Action entry on diagnostic list. entry on diagnostic list. entry on diagnostic list. entry on diagnostic list. no check. no check. Bridge 1401 (see Section 510:181). 7/66 - 510: 191. 100 - HONEYWELL SERIES 200 OPERATING ENVIRONMENT BASIC PROGRAMMING SYSTEM OPERATING ENVIRONMENT: BASIC PROGRAMMING SYSTEM .1 GENERAL .11 Identity: .12 Description •. Honeywell Series 200 Basic Programming System. The Basic Programming System is a loosely integrated software system offered by Honeywell for users of Series 200 computers with from 4K to 12K characters of core storage. The numerous components of the package are oriented for use with punched card, paper tape, and magnetic tape equipment. The operating environment contains minimal supervisory control. Operator intervention between independent programs is generally required unless run-to-run linkage is supplied by users' routines. Table I lists the principal independent program elements supplied with the Basic Programming System. Also listed are comparable integrated control routines that are provided in the larger Honeywell Mod 1 and Mod 2 Operating Systems as described in Sections 510:192 and 510:193, respectively. All program elements listed in Table I can function within 4K characters of core storage except the Macro Program, which requires at least 8K characters. • TABSIM: This "load and go" program is designed to simulate the report-writing functions of punched card tabulating equipment. The input format is compatible with FARGO, the mM 1400 Series equivalent report generator. See Paragraph 510: 151. 14 for additional information on T ABSIM. • Report Generator: This program produces its output in a form acceptable to the machineoriented assembler. Its function is to simulate the report writing functions of tabulating equipment in a form equivalent to the mM 1401 offering. See Section 510: 151 for additional information. • COBOL B: This compact COBOL compiler provides the user of unit record equipment with a means of transition that is more flexible than the basic offerings of TABSIM. See Section 510:161 for a detailed description of COBOL B. • Bridge: This routine facilitates conversion of .mM 1401 machine-language programs to Honeywell Series 200 machine-language programs. See Section 510: 181 for a detailed description of Bridge. • Easytran: This routine facilitates conversion of mM 1401 assembly-language programs to equivalent Honeywell Series 200 assemblylanguage programs. This technique permits standardized program conversions that include the incorporation of Honeywell's simultaneous input-output capabilities, along with standardized assembly-language program documentation. See Section 510: 183 for a detailed description of Easytran. The language translators of the Basic Programming System are listed below. These translators, excluding the machine-oriented assembler, are oriented toward users converting to Honeywell Series 200 systems from either unit record (tab) equipment or from mM 1400 Series computer systems. TABLE I: BASIC PROGRAMMING SYSTEM ELEMENTS AND COMPARABLE OPERATING SYSTEM CONTROL ROUTINES Basic Programming System Elements Function Comparable Control Routines in Larger Operating Systems Easycoder Phase IT Translates intermediate language to fixed object code Linkage Editor Card Image Loading Routine Loads a program and initiates execution Job Control Macro Program Provides common input -output operations requested by users' programs Input-Output Control Update Routines Library maintenance Librarian Search Routine Finds a program for loading Job Control The Basic Programming System user Maintains overall system control Supervisor ! 7/66 A '" AUERBACH (Contd. ) 510:191. 120 OPERATING ENVIRONMENT .12 Description (Contd.) Easycoder: This is a machine-oriented assembler prog-ram that includes the capability to process macro routines supplied both by the manufacturer and the user. See Sections 510: 171 and 510: 182 for detailed descriptions of the Easycoder lang-uag-e and translator, respectively. · 1..,·, .4 .41 RUNNING SUPERVISION Simultaneous Working: . . . . . . . throug-h Honeywell-supplied input-output routines. .42 Multiprogramming: Availability . "SCOPE" provides concurrent execution of up to 3 data transcription operations. See Parag-raph 510: 151. 15. Entire Basic Prog-rammingSystem: .. 1965. .43 Multi-sequencing: ... none. · 14 Originator: Honeywell EDP. .44 Errors, Checks, and Action* .15 Maintainer: Honeywell EDP. ·2 PROGRAM LOADING · 21 Source of Programs Error .211 Prog-rams from on-line libraries: . . . . . . . none; the user can elect to store program elemellts as separate card deckS or reels of paper tape or as card images on magnetic tape. .212 Independentprograms: entered via punched cards, paper tape, or magnetic tape. · 213 Data: . . . . . . . . . . . from any device under control of I/O routines (either Honeywell or usersupplied) located within individual programs. .214 Master routines: Search and Loader routines are loaded as independent programs. . 22 Library Subroutines:. can be incorporated with macro program processing prior to assembly. Loading Sequence: .. sequence is determined by the order in which programs are loaded; alternatively, the operator can manually enter the 6character program name and initiate a magnetic tape search for the program to be loaded. .3 HARDWARE ALLOCATION .31 Storage . 311 Sequencing of prog-ram for movement between levels: . . . . . . . . . loading' of prog-ram segments can occur by calling the Loader. · 312 Occupation of working storage: . . . . . . storag-e allocation is fixed at program generation time. · 32 Input-Output Units · 321 Initial assignment: .322 Alternation: . 323 Reassignment: specified in individual programs. halilrlled by I/O routines located in individual programs. provided by programmer or operator. Check or . Action Interlock Loadi.ng- input error check Allocation. impossible; .none. In-out error-single: check error routine retry. In-out error-persistent: check errqr halt. Storage overflow: none. error halt. Invalid instrnctions: check Program conflicts: none. Arithmetic overflow check error halt. Underflow: check error halt. Invalid operation: check printed messag-e . Improper format: check printed messag-e. Invalid address: check printed message. Reference to forbidden area: none. printed messag-e. *No single operating system component is responsible for overall system error checking. Most errors must be caught either at assembly or load time. .45 Restarts: . . • . . . . . . provided by prog-rammer. .5 PROGRAM DIAGNOSTICS .51 Dynamic .511 Tracing: .512 Snapshots: · none. · dynamic memory dumps are available by calling the dump utility program. . 52 Post Mortem: · initiated by operator . .6 OPERATOR CONTROL .61 Signals to Operator .611 Decision required by operator: . . . . . .612 Action required by operator: . . . . . © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. indicated by contents of address register at halt point. indicated by contents of address register at halt point. 7/66 HONEYWELL SERIES 200 510: 191. 613 .613 Reporting progress of rlm: ....•.. programmer's responsibility; practical if console typewriter is available. characters of core storage for the resident search and load function. .631 Inquiry: . . . . . . . none. • 632 Change of normal progress: manual actions by operator. · 82 System Overhead .821 Loading time: •... limited by speed of input device. • 822 Reloading frequency: •.... program search and load routines can remain in storage and can be called by users' programs . .83 .62 .63 Operator's Decisions: .•.. manual actions by operator. Operator's Signals .7 LOGGING:. . . .. .8 PERFORMANCE provided by programmer. .81 System Requirements . 811 Minimum configuration: .. at least 4, 096 characters of core storage, card reader, card punch, printer, and Advanced Programming feature. .812 Usable extra up to 4 magnetic tape units facilities: ... and paper tape equipment. . 813 Reserved 6!quipment: 80 characters of core stor ... age for card loader; I magnetic tape unit and 177 · 84 .85 Program Space Available: ..•. Program Loading Time: .. Program Performance: C-177, where C is the ·core storage capacity in characters . limited by speed of input device. the load function is not required during object program execution, except when calls for further programs are made. No running overhead is therefore associated with the system. / 7/66 A '" AUERBACH 510: 192. 100 A SUNnuo EDP AUERBACH HONEYWELL SERIES 200 OPERATING ENVIRONMENT OPERATING SYSTEM-MOD I U'IJRTS OPERATING ENVIRONMENT: OPERATING SYSTEM-MOD 1 .1 GENERAL . 11 Identity: ... . 12 . Honeywell Series 200 Operating System-Mod 1. Description Operating System-Mod 1 is supplied by Honeywell for use with Series 200 computer systems that have between 12K and 262K characters of core storage. Systems that have less than 12K characters of core storage will use those facilities provided with the Basic Programming System (Section 510: 191). Systems that have more than 65K characters of core storage and include the Optional Instruction Package (available only with Models 1200, 2200, and 4200) can use Operating System-Mod 2 (Section 510: 193). Two versions of the Operating System-Mod 1 are provided: Tape Resident and Mass Storage Resident. The Tape Resident Operating System-Mod 1 has been in use since the release of the original Honeywell 200 system in 1964. This version was formerly called PLUS. The Mass Storage Resident Operating System-Mod 1 was announced in May 1966 for delivery in the fourth quarter of 1966. .121 Operating System-Mod 1 (Tape Resident) The Tape Resident Operating System requires use of from three to six magnetic tape units. The nucleus of the system is a resident loader/monitor which contains provisions for automatic job sequencing, program library searching, program loading, and overlay handling. No centralized input-output routines are provided. Operator-to-monitor communication is accomplished directly through the control panel or by means of parameter cards which can be entered by the operator directly into a standard communication area. The operator can thus call for the execution of any program or any group of programs (job). Parameter cards can also be placed into the standard input file to provide for automatic job sequencing. A major feature in the program library search functions of the Tape Resident Operating System is the assignment of key characters to programs and program segments as a means of grouping programs for execution. These keys are known as "visibilities"; each program or segment can be assigned one or several of the 37 visibilities recognized by Mod 1; each visibility is denoted by a single character code: A-Z, 0-9, and *. When operating in the visibility mode, the loader is conditioned to recognize only programs which it "sees"; i. e., programs which include a particular visibility as part of their own set. There are many useful applications of this feature. For example, in testing a system of interrelated programs, it is possible to maintain, on the same tape, several alternative program blocks. Each alternative is associated with a particular visibility key. Programs which are common to several versions are made "visible" to several visibilities and therefore need not be duplicated. On the other hand, programs which are specific to a given version, although bearing exactly the same identification, can be placed on the same tape and yet be recognized by the loader on the basis of their unique visibility. LikeWise, the visibility scheme can be used to link any set of programs into a given job. An interrupt control program provides an extension to the resident loader/monitor. Interrupt control provides a limited concurrent processing facility. The monitor/interrupt control combination requires a minimum of 3. 6K characters of core storage. The interrupt control system of Tape Resident Operating System-Mod 1 permits SWitching of processor control between one program with extensive processing requirements and one with high peripheral device dependency. Through use of the interrupt system, a background program can be run in normal mode while a foreground program is executed in interrupt mode. When a peripheral data transfer is initiated in the foreground program, control is transferred to the background program until the foreground program's data transfer ends. Upon data transfer termination, an interrupt signal is issued to the peripheral control unit involved and control is returned to the foreground program. Standardization of translator and compiler machine-language output is provided by the Tape Resident Operating System. Thus, the outputs from the various language processors can be readily combined into a single executable job. The following language processors are provided to function under control of the Tape Resident Operating System-Mod 1. • Easycoder Assemblers C and D (Sections 510: 171 and 510: 182). • FORTRAN Compilers D and H (Section 510: 163). • COBOL Compilers D and H (Sections 510: 161 and 510: 162). • Easytran D (Section 510: 183). Input-output routines are entered into each object program at generation time by the various language processors. Tape Resident Operating System-Mod 1 also includes a comprehensive library of utility routines to facilitate program maintenance and debugging, and to assist in general production tasks. Utility functions available include: dynamic and postmortem dump routines; a program correction routine; a standard peripheral conversion package (which can perform up to three data transcription operations concurrently); general- © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 7/66 510: 192. 121 HONEYWELL SERIES 200 .121 Operating System-Mod 1 (Tape Resident) (Contd.) tine prepares a mass storage volume for use in the Mass Storage Resident Operating System by checking for bad surface areas, formatting tracks, and establishing a volume label and directory. Sort routines and data edit routines are also provided for use with mass storage devices. ized tape, drum, and disc I/O handling routines; a data file generator; and facilities for communication with the operator. . 122 Operating System-Mod 1 (Mass Storage Resident) The Mass Storage Resident (MSR) Operating System-Mod 1 consists of integrated software modules designed to assist the user in efficient usage of his mass storage equipment. These modules provide four major control functions: • • Supervision: All functions of the Mass Storage Resident (MSR) Operating System-Mod 1 are performed under the control of a supervisor program. Portions of this program are permanently resident in main memory, and the resident portions are relocatable (except for the fixed-location communications area). Other portions of the supervisor are loaded from mass storage as required. The supervisor performs the same tasks as the resident loader, monitor, and interrupt control routines of the Tape Resident Operating System. Data Management: All mass storage files are controlled and accessed by a common set of Data Management routines. The primary functions provided by the routines include file support and input-output control. File support includes allocator, load, and unload routines. Theseroutines create, organize, and reorganize data files, and also convert these files from one storage medium to another. The allocation routine reserves storage areas described by the user, modifies a volume directory as necessary, and formats and initializes the area as required. The load routine loads data into a previously allocated file, establishes the sequence of items, and sets up indexes as required by the file organization. The unload routine unloads data from a mass storage file, reorganizing the data so that storage utilization and access time are improved when the file is reloaded. The input-output functions furnish the programmer with macro routines to access files that are arranged in one of the three supported file organizations: sequential, direct, or indexed sequential. • Program Development: Program development support includes routines for language translation, program file maintenance, and program analysis. A specialized monitor routine controls the automatic sequencing of the various steps in a program development job. The Easycoder and FORTRAN language translators are comparable to the D-level versions of the Tape Resident Operating System. The COBOL compiler provided is comparable to COBOL B in the Series 200 Basic Programming System (described in Section 510: 161). • 7/66 Service: The utilities provided with the MSR Operating System-Mod 1 are generally equivalent in function to those provided with the Tape Resident Operating System (see Section 510: 152, Problem Oriented Facilities). The volume preparation routine is of special interest to users of mass storage equipment. This rou- 1964 (Tape Resident). 1966 (Mass Storage Resident). · 13 Availability: · 14 Originator:. . Honeywell EDP Division. . Honeywell EDP Division. · 15 Maintainer:. .2 PROGRAM LOADING · 21 Source of Programs .211 Programs from on-line libraries: . . . . . . . . yes. .212 Independent programs: may either be placed on a run tape, in a standard input file, or, in the case of MSR, in a mass storage device . . 213 Data: . . . . . . . . . . . . may be input from any device under control of I/O routines located in each individual program or supplied by the MSR Data Management routines, or input from standard input file and distributed on programs' private files. · 214 Master routines: . . . . the loader/monitor program searches the program file for a program, clears and punctuates memory, and loads and starts the program. .22 Library Subroutines: .. can be incorporated as part of the loading process, or called by the program during a run. · 23 Loading Sequence: ... sequence can be determined externally, through the sequence of control cards, or internally, through the sequence of programmed calls. .3 HARDWARE ALLOCATION .31 Storage .311 Segmenting of program: Operating System-Mod 1 accepts mUlti-segment programs; segment loading occurs upon calls to the loader. · 312 Occupation of working storage: . . . . . . . . . storage allocation is performed at generation or subprogram collection time. .32 Input-Output Units .321 Initial assignments: A . specified by operator through control cards. (Contd. ) AUERBACH '" 510: 192. 322 OPERATING ENVIRONMENT: OPERATING SYSTEM-MOD 1 .322 Alternate assignments: handled by I/O routines located in each individual program (in the Tape Resident version),. or by the Data Management function (in the Mass Storage Resident version). .323 Reassignment: . . . . . . own coding is required. .4 RUNNING SUPERVISION .41 Simultaneous Working: own coding is required. .42 Multiprogramming: ... limited to two main programs: one with high processing requirements and one with high peripheral device requirements. .43 Multi-Sequencing: .•.. none. .44 Errors, Checks, and Action Error Check or Interlock Action Loading input error: programmed check error halt. Allocation impossible: In-out error (single): In-out error (persistent): Storage overflow: Program conflicts: Arithmetic overflow: Invalid operation: Improper format: Invalid address: Reference to forbidden area: .45 ". . PROGRAM DIAGNOSTICS .51 Dynamic: . . . . . . . . • dynamic memory and tape dumps are available through calls to utility programs. . 52 Postmortem: . . . . . . . dumps can be initiated by calls written into the programmer's own coding or originated by the operator from system-provided utility programs . .6 OPERATOR CONTROL .61 Signals to Operator .611 Decision required by operator: . . . • . . . . indicated by address register contents at halt point. . 612 Action required by operator: . . • . . . . . indicated by address register contents at halt point. .613 Reporting progress run: . . . . . . . . . . . . comments cards in input file are listed. .62 Operator's Decisions: . . . . . . . . manual actions by operator. .63 Operator's Signals none. programmed check reread or rewrite. programmed check none. none. none. programmed check programmed check none. error halt. program is rejected. program is rejected. .631 Inquiry: . • . . . • . . . . none. .632 Change of normal progress: •..•.... manual actions by operator. .7 LOGGING .71 .72 Operator Signals: ..... not recorded. .73 Run Progress: ..•... comments cards in input file. .74 Errors: .75 Running Times: .•... not recorded • none. Restarts .451 Establishing restart points: . . . . . . . . . . own coding. .452 Restarting process: . . own coding. ( .5 .8 PERFORMANCE .81 System ReqUirements Operator Decisions: .. not recorded unless console ·typewriter is available. . .. not recorded unless console typewriter is available. Tape Resident . 811 Minimum configuration: .••..• 12,288 core storage positions. card reader. printer. Advanced Programming feature. 3 magnetic tape units. Mass Storage Resident 12, 288 core storage pOSitions. card reader. printer. Advanced Programming feature. 1 mass storage device. .812 Usable extra facilities: .•...• 4 magnetic tape units. paper tape equipment. card punch. additional mass storage devices. additional magnetic tape units paper tape equipment. card punch. © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 7/66 I. 510:192.813 HONEYWELL SERIES 200 .813 Reserved equipment:. . . . . .. · 82 S~'stem 'rape Resident Mass Storage Resident 1 tape unit and 1,400 characters of oore storage (for a resident loader/ monitor operating in 3-charaeter addressing mode, and using a control panel as message medium). Memory requirements increase to 2,600 characters for a resident monitor in 4-oharacter addressing mode using a console typewriter as message medium. The Interrupt Control program requires an additional 1,000 characters of core storage. 1,500 characters of core storage and 2.9 million characters of a mass storage device for system residence. Overhead dent Operating System is operational during object program execution except when calls for additional routines are made or when interrupt service is required. Therefore, no running overhead is associated with the system. Any transfer of control to interrupt routines and then to the other main program in a two-program multiprogramming mix requires 500 microseconds. · 821 Loading time: . . . . negligible. · 822 Reloading frequency: . loader/monitor program is always in core storage. .83 Program Space Available Tape Resident: . . . . . . C-1, 400 to C-3, 600, where C is the core storage capacity in characters. Mass Storage Resident: C-1, 500. .84 Pl'ogram Loading Time: . . . . . . . . . . . input device speed. .85 Program Performance: neither the Tape Resident nor Mass Storage Resi- 7/66 A AUERBACH '" 510: 193.100 A STANDARD EDP AUERBACH HONEYWELL SERIES 200 OPERATING ENVIRONMENT OPERATING SYSTEM - MOD 2 RlPORts ~ OPERATING ENVIRONMENT: OPERATING SYSTEM-MOD 2 .1 GENERAL . 11 Identity: . . . . • . . . . . Honeywell Series 200 Operating System - Mod 2. . 12 Description The Series 200 Mod 2 Operating System consists of an integrated set of programs that provide facilities for supervision of overall system operation, development of user programs, maintenance of both user and Honeywell-supplied programs, job and data control, and utility operations. Series 200 processors that can use Mod 2 include Models 1200, 2200, and 4200 that have Table Lookup instructions and at least 49K characters of core storage. All of the Mod 2 language processors generate common-language relocatable program modules that can be easily combined by the control routines of the system. Unlike the Mod 1 (Tape Resident) Operating System, Mod 2 assumes responsibility for all input-output operations, both at the physical and logical levels. Flexibility is prOVided for data transfers to and from card, tape, mass storage, and communications equipment. The minimum hardware configuration required for use of the Mod 2 Operating System - in addition to the processor and core storage requirements already mentioned - includes five 1/2-inch magnetic tape units (Type 204B) and a tape control equipped with the IBM Format and Code Compatibility features. A mass storage unit can be used as an alternate device for two of the five required magnetic tape units. Other required peripherals include a card reader, a printer with 132 print positions, and a console typewriter. Release dates of the Operating System - Mod 2 components extend from the third quarter of 1966 (for the initial system) to the fourth quarter of 1967 (for the fully expanded system). Table I lists the principal components of Mod 2 together with their scheduled availability dates. .121 Processing Programs ( "'- The processing programs controlled by the Mod 2 Operating System include source language translators, programs for conversion of IBM 1410/7010 Autocoder programs, service programs, and the user's problem programs. The initial versions of the language translators supplied with Mod 2 include the facilities provided by the highest level of the Operating System - Mod 1 translators, differing only in the fact that Mod 2 programs produce relocatable program-module output, rather than fixed object-code output. Language facility extensions, primarily in the area of mass storage handling capabilities, will be provided approximately one year after initial Mod 2 deliveries. The language translators available with Mod 2 include the following: • Assembler J: This is a new Series 200 symbolic assembly'system designed for use exclusively with the Operating System Mod 2. The Assembler J language is a highlevel machine-oriented language that includes statements to control program generation and execution in a monitored, multiprogramming environment. Five types of statements are provided: (1) Imperative statements that are directly translated into machine-language instructions; (2) Declarative statements that define symbols and establish common and peculiar data areas, data constants, and address constants; (3) Linkage Loader statements that direct the independent Linkage Loader program to convert the relocatable Assembler J output into absolute machine code; (4) Control statements to direct the contents and form of the card and print output of Assembler J and to direct the address generation in all subprograms; and (5) Macro statements that enable the programmer to use the library of macro routines and to insert new macro routines into the library. In all, more than 200 assemblylanguage statements are provided. o FORTRAN J: The FORTRAN J language is a full implementation of ASA FORTRAN IV. Features include TRACE debugging statements, mixed-mode arithmetic statements, and the acceptance of FORTRAN II I/O statements. Section 510:163 describes the currently available Series 200 FORTRAN languages. I'!I COBOL J: COBOL J has the same basic language facilities as COBOL H (described in Section 510: 162). The library copy facility included with COBOL H becomes a function of the centralized system maintenance control program of Mod 2. I'!I Easytran J: As described in Section 510:183, Easytran J is a conversion program that is designed to translate IBM 1410/7010 Autocoder assembly language programs into Honeywell Series 200 Assembler J assembly-language programs. Easytran J will resolve, at the assembly-language level, basic machine dissimilarities, such as in the areas of addreSSing, indexing, and internal character codes. It is estimated by Honeywell that only one percent of the original IBM 1410/7010 Autocoder instructions will require hand editing following the Easytran J conversion process. Converted programs then become components of the Mod 2 Operating System. These programs are translated by Assembler J, processed by the Linkage Loader, and executed under control of the Resident Monitor. In addition to the language translators, a number of service routines are included among the processing programs available with Mod 2. These include Linkage' Loader J, System Maintenance J, Tape Sort J, Mass Storage Sort J, and program testing and media preparation services. © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 7/66 510:193.121 HONEYWELL SERIES 200 TABLE I: RELEASE DATES FOR OPERATING SYSTEM - MOD 2 COMPONENTS AVAILABILITY DATE PROGRAM Tape Resident Components Language Processing Assembler J COBOL J FORTRAN J 1410/7010 Easytran J 3rd qtr 66 3rd qtr 66 1st qtr 67 3rd qtr 66 Program Editing and Maintenance System Maintenance J I/O Control System J 3rd qtr 66 3rd qtr 66 Input-Output Control Input-Output Editor A 3rd qtr 66 Operation Control System Monitor J 3rd qtr 66 Data Transcription and Editing Linkage Loader J Tape Sort J Utility J 3rd qtr 66 3rd qtr 66 3rd qtr 66 Language Processing (extended) COBOL J FORTRAN J Easytran J 4th qtr 67 4th qtr 67 1st qtr 67 Input-Output and Operation Control (extended) 1 st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th qtr 67 1st and 3rd qtr 67 2nd qtr 67 I/O Control System J System Monitor J SCREEN J Data Transcription and Editing (extended) 4th qtr 67 4th qtr 67 Tape Sort J Linkage Loader J Mass Storage Resident Components Basic Mass Storage Capability Assembler J COBOL J System Maintenance J System Monitor J I/O Control System J Linkage Loader J Utility J J 1 st qtr 67 } Extended Mass Storage Capability } COBOL J FORTRAN J I/O Control System J 7/66 A 3rd qtr 67 (Contd. ) AUERBACH '" OPERATING ENVIRONMENT: OPERATING SYSTEM - MOD 2 .121 Processing Programs (Contd.) Linkage Loader J prepares absolute machinelanguage programs for execution by selecting and combining relocatable program modules generated by the source-language translators. Complete programs may be built from any combination of program modules. System Maintenance J creates, edits, and maintains the Honeywell-supplied tape file containing all elements of the Mod 2 Operating System required for a specific user's installation. These elements are in the form of symbolic source-language modules. System Maintenance J also maintains the System Operating File containing all user and Honeywell-supplied programs in absolute format. This tape or mass storage resident file can also contain libraries of modules in relocatable machine language and symbolic source language. The file containing the output of the language processors is also handled by System Maintenance J. Based on control card specifications supplied by the user, System Maintenance J can create a new System Operating File by adding program units in a specified order. System Maintenance J can also select a source module from a system file, produce a printed listing, and place it on another file for later system input. The ability to selectively update the various system files is also provided. Tape Sort J is a program package that consists of one routine in absolute format (called Sort Definition J) and several other program modules in relocatable format. Sort Definition J. as its name implies, selects the relocatable sort/merge modules required to create the user's particular sorting program. The user can specify fixed or variable-length records, the number and size of key fields, and the presence or absence of userwritten modifications. Mass Storage Sort J operates on fixed-length data records residing on a mass storage device. Up to ten sorting keys can be accommodated. Honeywell has released no estimates on the performance of Sort J to date. .122 Control Programs The control programs of the Mod 2 Operating System handle all interrupt servicing, input-output operations, and communications with the operator and other programs. The principal control programs are the Resident Monitor J, Transitional Monitor J, and Input-Output File Controller J. Resident Monitor J, the central control portion of Mod 2, is permanently resident in approximately 9,400 characters of core storage. It is responsible for complete control of the computer's internal environment and associated peripheral devices. The Resident Monitor will control the concurrent execution of two main programs. The monitor functions performed during such multiprogrammed operation include detecting the beginning and end of input-output operations, alternating the assignment of processor cycles, and maintaining the integrity of one program while the other program is active. The Resident Monitor also maintains a communication area and input-output tables in core storage. The communication area contains an 510:193.122 information interface between user-written programs and components of the Mod 2 Operating System. Using the input-output tables, the Resident Monitor and the Transitional Monitor work as a team to select and assign peripheral equipment for each program. The Transitional Monitor J is loaded when necessary by the Resident Monitor to handle automatically the transfer of control between programs within a job. This program interprets the user-supplied system control cards and indicates to the Resident Monitor the functions specified. It then locates the program segment to be loaded and returns control to the appropriate portion of the Resident Monitor. The Input-Output File Controller J performs all data file access and file control functions. Part of the I/O File Controller remains in core storage with the Resident Monitor at all times and uses approximately 10,500 characters of core storage. In the initial version, the resident portion of the I/O Controller will execute all input-output operations for card equipment, printers, console typewriter and magnetic tape units. Later versions will include extensive facilities for the control of mass storage devices and data communication equipment. The I/O File Controller J routines direct the dynamic allocation of input-output channels and control the simultaneity of internal computing and I/O operations. They also allocate data buffers, block and unblock tape records, check tape labels, and detect input-output errors. When errors cannot be automatically corrected, the I/O File Controller furnishes the operator with a description of the error and directions for its correction. Exit points are provided in the resident portion of the I/O Controller to permit insertion of owncoding routines. File access functions are requested by statements in the user's symbolic source programs. In assembly-language programs, file-description statements and macro instructions are directed to the attention of the I/O File Controller. When processed by Assembler J, the macro instructions are translated into machine-language links to the appropriate resident I/O routines. In COBOL and Fortran programs, directions for the I/O File Controller are implemented within the syntax of the compiler language itself. The I/O File Controller will provide the following automatic data access methods: o Sequential access: Physical or logical records are stored or retrieved serially, either on demand or on a queued basis. \) Direct access: The programmer specifies an actual physical address, the relative position of the record in the file, or the address at which a search for a key match is to begin. o Partitioned access: In this method, sequential information is interspersed with special records containing keys and other data. It is suited for efficient storage and retrieval of relatively short strings of sequential records. o Controlled sequential access: This access method uses a multi-level indexing scheme which retrieves physical or logical records stored either in a logical sequence defined by a key field or randomly by individual keys. © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 7/66 HONEYWELL SERIES 200 510:193.130 · 122 Control Programs (Contd.) · 32 · 13 Availability See Table I for scheduled release dates. The contents of the initial release of Operating System Mod 2 are roughly equivalent to the facilities of the IBM 1410/7010 Operating System. Later versions of Mod 2 will include multiprogramming control, extensive capabilities for the control of mass storage and data communications devices, improved facilities for converting from the Mod 1 to the Mod 2 Operating System, and improved conversion aids for IBM 1410/7010 users who are moving to a Honeywell Series 200 system. . 1-1 Originator: . . 15 Maintainer:. · , . programmer names symbolic device; system control cards assign devices to the symbolic names at execution time. .322 Alternation: . . . . . . . prepared by system control statements; made operational by direct request of user's program. · 323 Reassignment: . . . . . . effected by system control cards if job is aborted prematurely. .4 RUNNING SUPERVISION .41 Simultaneous Working: controlled by the resident portion of the I/O File Controller. .42 Multiprogramming: .. up to two main programs, controlled by the Resident Monitor. . Honeywell EDP Division . . Honeywell EDP Division. PROGRAM LOADING ~ .21 Source Programs .211 Programs for on-line libraries: . . . . . . . . System Operating File (SO F) contains modules in absolute format, including all programs of the Mod 2 Operating System. This file can reside on magnetic tape or on a mass storage device. .212 Independent programs: loaded at execution time by system control cards from the Standard Input Unit (SIll) which can be a card reader or a magnetic tape unit. .213 Data: . . . . . . . • . • . . as required by users' programs. .214 Master routines: . System Operating File and Master History File (MHF) . The latter is a backup of the SOF in source-language module form. .22 Library Subroutines: . macro-routines can be called from the SOF by macro-instructions at assembly time. .23 Loading Sequence; ... determined by sequence of system control cards . .3 HARDWARE ALLOCATION .31 Storage .311 Sequencing of program for movement between levels: . . . . provided through use of the Transitional Monitor if directed by system control cards. . 312 Occupation of working storage: . . . . . • • • . storage is allocated in a fixed fashion by the Resident Monitor prior to program load; overlay areas are also set aside at that tim e. 7/66 Input-Output Units .321 Initial assignment:. Communications access: The Mod 2 Operating System automatically queues input and output messages sent to and received from remote terminals. Dependent programs treat the queues like data on sequential peripheral devices. .43 Multi-Sequencing: ... no provisions . .44 Errors, Checks, and Action Check or Interlock Loading input error: check coded message on printer. Allocation impossible: check Transitional Monitor message. check interrupt. check check check interrupt. interrupt. interrupt. check check check check interrupt. interrupt. interrupt. interrupt. check interrupt. In-out error single: In-out error persistent: Storage overflow: Invalid instructions: Arithmetic overflow: Invalid operation: Improper format: Invalid address: Reference to forbidden area of core memory: .45 Restarts: . . . . . ·5 PROGRAM DIAGNOSTICS .51 Dynamic · 511 Tracing:. .512 Snapshots: .52 .6 .61 · none. · provided through Storage Print J Routine. · Storage Print J is executed in respons e to us er s ' control cards . OPERATOR CONTROL Signals to Operator Post Mortem: .611 Decision required by operator: . . . . A · Resident Monitor's checkpoint routine writes checkpoint program status records when directed; a system control statement directs the restart routine to begin at a specific checkpoint. · Transitional Monitor J and I/O File Controller J. (Contd. ) AUERBACH ® / 510:193.612 OPERATING ENVIRONMENT: OPERATING SYSTEM - MOD 2 · 612 Action required by operator: .. .61:1 Reporting progress of run: .•.•..••.• Resident Monitor J. .813 Reserved equipment: . approximately the first 19,900 characters of core storage (reserved for Resident Monitor and File Controller). · 62 Operator's Decisions:. through typewriter console. .82 .63 Operator's Signals .821 Loading time: . . . • . Transitional Monitor J and I/O File Controller. . 6:11 Inquiry: . . . . . . . . . . through typewriter console. · !i32 Change of normal progress: . · • indicated by coded messages on typewriter. .7 LOGGING: . .8 PERFORMANCE .81 System Requirements . as incorporated in user's program. . dependent upon speed of input unit used . .822 Reloading frequency: . Resident Monitor need he loaded only once; Transitional Monitor is loaded upon completion of each dependent program. .83 .811 Minimum configuration: . . . . . . . 49, 192 characters of core storage. Optional Instruction Package. 5 1/2-inch Tape 204B magnetic tape units* with IBM Format and Code Compatibility features. 1 card reader. I printer with 132 print positions. 1 console typewriter. .812 Usable extra facilities: ..•. · • all (as incorporated in program). System Overhead .84 .85 Program Space Available: . . . . Program Loading Time: . . . • . . . . Program Performance: . . . • . . . the core storage that remains in excess of the 9,400 characters of storage reserved for the Resident Monitor control routines and the 10,500 characters reserved for the resident portion of the File Controller. . depends upon the speed of the input device used. .. no performance times have been made available by Honeywell to date. I \ " © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 7/66 510:201. 001 & SI"'''' AEDP AUEReAC~ - • HONEYWELL SERIES 200 SYSTEM PERFORMANCE REPIIRTS SYSTEM PERFORMANCE The overall performance of Honeywell Series 200 systems naturally varies widely, depending upon the user's choice of central processor model and peripheral equipment. Therefore, the performance of the Series 200 line on the AUE;RBACH Standard EDP Reports benchmark measures of system performance has been analyzed separately for representative configurations using each of the processor models. For performance curves, summary worksheets, and analyses of the results, please turn to the System Performance sections of the subreports on the models of interest: Model Model Model Model Model Model 120 . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... 1200 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2200 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . 4200 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8200 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . Section Section Section Section Section Section 511:201 512:201 513:201 514:201 516:201 518:201 © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 6/66 510:211. 101 A HONEYWELL SERIES 200 PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS STANDARD ~DP, IEPIIRTS AUERBACH ~ PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS Model - H-120 120-P 121 121 122 123 214-1,2 U4 H-200 201-P 201 201 201 201 H-1200 1201-P 1201 1201 1201 1201 H-2200 2201-P 2201 2201 2201 2201 * Unit Logic Cabinet . (houses six drawers) Logic Cabinet (houses four drawers) Power Unit Central Processor (2K-16K) Central Processor (20K-32K) Printer (H-120 only) Card Reader (H-120 only) Card Reader/Punch Control for Models 122,123,214-1 and -2 (one drawer) Power Unit Central Processor (4K-16K) Central Processor (20K-32K) Central Processor (40 K-49 K) Central Processor (52K-64K) Depth, inches 57 30 42 620 39 30 42 450 36 57 30 30 42 42 980 395 57 30 42 470 * * 76 42 30 30 42 42 790 480 2.0 1.2 5,320 3,400 44 30 42 550 75 2.2 6,390 852 9.0 - - Height, inches - Weight, pounds' 36 42 30 30 42 42 1,000 450 84 30 42 675 84 30 42 750 84 30 42 825 Power Unit Central Processor (16K-32K) Central Processor (49K-65K) Central Processor (81K-98K) Central Processor (114K-131K) 36 84 30 30 42 42 1,000 675 84 30 42 750 84 30 42 825 84 30 42 900 Power Unit Central Processor (16K-32K) Central Processor (49K-65K) Central Processor (81K-98K) Central Processor (114K-131K) 72 72 30 40 42 68 1,300 1,125 72 40 68 1,200 72 40 68 1,275 72 40 68 1,350 Power, KvA BTU per hr. Width, inches - - 7.2 8,883 4,072 * * * * * 8.4 * * * * 9.2 * * * * 5,568 10,990 5,444 6,715 8,361 10,007 10,240 5,965 6,891 7,847 ,/ 8,803 10,787 7,356 8,282 9,238 10,194 Power is obtained from Power Unit in processor cabinet. (Contd.) 6/66 A AUERBACH '" 510:211.102 PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS Model H-2200 (Contd.) 2201 2201 2201 2201 1100 Unit Central (165K) Central (196K) Central (229K) Central (262K) Width, inches Depth, inches Weight, pounds Power,. KVA * * * * 11,150 * 3,642 2.8 7,300 Processor 114 40 68 1,425 Processor 114 40 68 1,500 Processor , Processor 114 40 68 1,575 114 40 68 1,650 30 40 68 600 Scientific Unit BTU per hr. Height, inches 12,106 13,062 14,118 204A-1,2,3 Magnetic Tape Unit (3/4-inch tape) 203A-1 Control Unit for 204A-1,2,3 (one drawer) 27 28 69 1,100 - - - 75 * 204B-1,3 27 28 61 900 2.1 5,100 27 28 61 900 1.7 4,100 - - - 75 * 1,460 27 28 69 2.8 7,300 - - - * 1,460 27 28 69 1,100 2.8 7,300 - - - 75 * 1,044 27 28 69 900 2.1 5,100 - - - 75 * 1,769 27 28 69 1,100 2.8 7,300 - - - * 1,769 Magnetic Tape Unit (1/2-inch tape) Control Unit for 204B-9 (two drawers) 27 28 69 2.8 7,300 - - - * 1,044 Magnetic Tape Unit (1/2-inch tape) Control Unit for 204B-10 (two drawers) 27 28 69 1,100 2.8 7,300 - - - 75 * 1,044 27 28 61 900 1.08 2,800 - - - 75 * 20 28 61 700 1. 68 204B-2,4 203B-1 204B-5 203B-2 204B-6 203B-3 204B-7 203B-4 204B-8 204B-4 204B-9 203B-3 204B-10 203B-3 204B-12 204B-5 204B-11 * Magnetic Tape Unit (1/2-inch tape) Magnetic Tape Un:t (1/2-inch tape) Control Unit for 204B-1, 2,3, 4 (two drawers) Magnetic Tape Unit (1/2-inch tape) Control Unit for 204B-5 (two drawer,;) Magnetic Tape Unit (1/2-inch tape) Control Unit for 204B-6 (two drawers) Magnetic Tape Unit (1/2-inch tape) Control Unit for 204B-7 (two drawers) Magnetic Tape Unit (1/2-inch tape) Control Unit for 204B-8 (two drawers) Magnetic Tape Unit (1/2-inch tape) Control Unit for 204B-12 (one drawer) Electronic Unit for 204B-12 1,100 75 75 1,100 75 962 960 4,580 Power is obtained from Power Unit in processor cabinet. © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 6/66 510:211.103 HONEYWELL SERIES 200 Model Width, inches, Unit ; Depth, inches Height, inches Weight, pounds Power, KVA BTU per hr. ,: 205 Magnetic Tape Switching Unit (1-4 switches) 27 28 61 450 0.2 209 209 Paper Tape Reader Control Unit (one drawer) Paper Tape Punch Control Unit (one drawer) 24 22 61 385 75 0.65 2:,080 ' 282 24 22 61 380 " 75 0.55 1,785 293 - 550 75 2.2 210 210 - - - - - - ,* * 214-1,2 208-1,2 Punched Card, Units Control Unit for 214-1,2 (one drawer) 44 220-1,2,3 Console 39 30 42 350 0.75 85 30 42 900 75 2.7 790 75 2.0 520 75 1.,2 525 75 0.7 1,300 75 1.2 222-1,2,3,4 Printer 222 Control Unit for 222-1,2,3,4 (one drawer) 222-5 Printer 222-5 Control Unit (one d;rawer) - - 76 - 30 - - 30 - 42 - 42 - Card Reader Control Unit (one drawer) Card Reader/Punch Control Unit for 224-1,2 (one drawer) Card Reader/Punch Control for 227 Reader (one drawer) Control for 227 Punch (one drawer) 42 233-2 Control Unit for MICR Sorter/Reader (one drawer) - - - 251 252 253 250 Mass Memory File Mass Memory File Mass Memory File Mass Storage Control Unit (one drawer) 30 30 30 24 24 50 42 42 42 270 270 Random Access Drum Control Unit (one drawer) 68 281 Single-Channel Communication Control, all models (one drawer) Communication Adapter, all models (one drawer) Multi-Channel Communication Control, all models (one drawer) 223 223 224-1,2 208-1,2 227 207 208 285 280 303 311 312 Display station Display station Display Station - 43 - 58 - - 30 - 24 - 30 - - 30 - 42 - 49 - 45 - - 42 - 300 450 1,000 75 i.2 2.5 10.0 1,250 60 1.1 * * * 75 14 14 22 22 16 * Power IS * * 75 11 * 75 - 11 * 75 - 11 * * * - 11 * 6/66 A '" AUERBACH 6,390 480 950 6,830 520 5,320 520 3,415 480 1,700 485 3,500 562 562 496 5,460 8,500 13,590 680 2,~32 910 1,400 1,400 75 * * ? ? ? '? ? ? ? ? ? obtamed from Power Umt m processor cabmet. NOTE: Additional information on H-200 cabinetry is presented in Section 510:061, Console. General ReqUirements Temperature: ..••• .- 68°F to-78°F (20°C to 26°C) Dry Bulb. Relative humidity: ••• 40% to 60%. Power: ..••••...•. 120/208-volt, 60-cycle, 3-phase. 700 1,400, 510:221. 101 ~ STANDARD EDP HONEYWELL SERIES 200 PRICE DATA REPDRTS AUERBACH • PRICE DATA In November 1965, Honeywell announced a major revision in its pricing policy for the Series 200 equipment in a move designed to encourage either immediate purchase or longterm lease contracts. The essential elements of the new policy are summarized in Paragraph .7 of the Honeywell Series 200 Introduction, Section 510:011. The several columns of price data presented below include the short-term monthly rental prices and the corresponding five-year lease plan prices, illustrating the savings to be gained by renting on the five-year plan. Two columns of purchase price figures are also shown, illustrating the savings to be gained by purchasing the equipment immediately rather than at some time after the first year of installation. IDENTITY OF UNIT CLASS No. CENTRAL PROCESSORS Name PRICES Monthly Rental (I-Year Term) Monthly Rental (5-Year Term) Monthly Maintenance $ $ $ Purchase (Immediate) $ Purchase (Mter 1 Year) $ Hone~ell 120 Central Processor characters of memory characters of memory characters of memory characters of memory characters of memory characters of memory characters of memory characters of memory characters of memory 121-1 121-2 121-3 121-4 121-5 121-6 121-7 121-8 121-9 2, 048 4, 096 8, 192 12, 288 16,384 20,480 24, 576 28,672 32,768 1011 1013 1014 1015 1016 Optional Features Advanced Programming Edit Instruction 8- Bit Code Handling Instruction I/O Adapter (non-simultaneous) I/O Adapter (simultaneous) 880 1,000 1,270 1,520 1,780 1,980 2, 190 2,390 2,600 795 910 1, 140 1,375 1,605 1,790 1,975 2, 160 2,345 86 93 105 118 130 140 150 160 170 32,900 37,700 47,800 58,200 68,750 78,370 86,470 94,570 102,670 38,700 44,325 55,575 66,825 78,075 87,075 96,075 105,075 114,075 75 50 25 155 310 75 50 25 140 280 6 4 2 15 30 2,880 1,900 960 5,740 11,500 3,375 2,250 1,125 6,750 13,500 1,360 1,615 1,870 2, 130 2,380 2,640 2,895 3,150 3,460 3,765 4,075 4,380 1,225 1,460 1,690 1,920 2, 150 2,380 2,615 2,845 3, 120 3,400 3,680 3,955 106 119 131 144 156 169 181 194 209 224 239 254 50,700 60.250 70,000 81,500 91, 000 102,000 112,000 122,000 134,000 149,000 161,500 174,000 59,625 70,875 82, 125 93,375 104,625 115, 875 127,125 138,375 151,875 165,375 166,350 178,910 100 90 155 50 25 100 90 140 50 25 8 7 12 4 2 3,800 3,400 5,750 1,900 950 4,500 4,050 6,750 2,250 I, 125 Hone~en 201-2-1 201-2-2 201-2-3 201-2-4 201-2-5 201-2-6 201-2-7 201-2-8 201-2-9 201-2-10 201-2-11 201-2-12 200 Central Processor (includes Multiply-Divide and Program Interrupt) 4, 096 characters of memory 8, 192 characters of memory 12, 288 characters of memory 16,384 characters of memory 20, 480 characters of memory 24, 576 characters of memory 28,672 characters of memory 32, 768 characters of memory 40,960 characters of memory 49,152 characters of memory 57, 344 characters of memory 65,,536 characters of memory 01x 013 015 016 017 Optional Features Advanced Programming Editing Instructions Eight Additional I/O Trunks Auxiliary Read/Write Channel Stacker Select \, © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 6/66 HONEYWELL SERIES 200 510:221. 102 PRICES IDENTITY OF UNIT CLASS No. CENTRAL PROCESSORS (Cont'd. ) Name 1201-1 1201-2 1201-3 1201-4 1201-5 1201-6 1201-7 1201-8 Hone~eIl 1200 Central Processor (Includes Multiply-Divide,. Program Interrupt, and all optional features for H-200). 16,384 characters of memory 32, 768 characters of memory 49,152 characters of memory 65,536 characters of memory 81,920 characters of memory 98, 304 characters of memory 114,688 characters of memory 131,072 characters of memory 1114 1100 0191 Optional Features Storage Protection Scientific Unit Optional Instruction Package 2201-1 2201-2 2201-3 2201-4 2201-5 2201-6 2201-7 2201-8 2201-9 2201-10 2201-11 2201-12 Hone~ell 2200 Central Processor (includes Multiply-Divide) 16,384 characters of memory 32, 768 characters of memory 49, 152 characters of memory 65,536 characters of memory 81,920 characters of memory 98, 304 characters of memory 11.4,688 characters of memory 131, 072 characters of memory 163,840 characters of memory 196,608 characters. of memory 229, 376 characters of memory 262,144 characters of memory 1117 1100 0191 Option'll Features Additional 4 Read/Write Channels and 16 I/O Trunks Storage Protect Scientifi c Unit Optional Instruction Package 4201-1 4201-2 4201-3 4201-4 4201-5 4201-6 4201-7 4201-8 4201-9 Honeyy,rell 4200 Central Processor 65,536 characters of memory 98, 304 characters of memory 131,072 characters of memory 196,608 characters of memory 262, 144 characters of memory 327,680 characters of memory 393,216 characters of memory 458,752 characters of memory 524,288 characters of memory 1115 1101 1116 1118 Monthly Rental (I-Year Term) Monthly Rental (5-Year Term) $ $ Monthly Maintenance $ Purchase (Immediate) $ Purchase (After 1 Year) $ < 2,665 3,485 4,205 4.870 5,330 5,740 6,100 6,460 2,405 3, 145 3,795 4,395 4,810 5, 180 5,505 5,830 196 236 271 304 326 346 369 386 100,000 131,600 162,400 192,400 210,600 226,800 241,000 255, 150 117,000 153,000 184,500 213,750 234,000 252,000 267.750 283,500 50 310 50 50 280 50 4 24 4 1. 900 11,500 1,900 2.250 13,500 2,250 3,640 4,665 5,590 6,460 7,280 7,995 8,510 9,020 9,995 10,765 11,275 11,785 3,285 4,210 5,040 5,830 6,570 7,215 7,680 8,140 9,020 9,715 10,175 10,640 284 334 379 422 462 497 527 552 599 637 662 687 135,800 174,050 210,950 243, .800 281,200 308,900 336, 150 356,400 395,000 425,300 445,500 465,750 159,750 204,750 245,250 283,500 319;500 351,000 373,500 396,000; 438,750 472,500 495, 000 517,500 100 100 8 3,850 4,500 50 310 50 50 280 50 4 24 4 1,900 11,500 1,900 2,250 13,500 2.250 10,080 11,040 12,000 13,920 15,840 17,760 19,680 21,600 23,520 490 540 590 680 770 860 950 1,040 1,130 472,500 517,500 562,500 652,500 742,500 832,500 922,500 1,012,500 1,102,500 496,130 543.380 590,630 685, 130 779,630 874, 130 968,630 1,063, 130. I, 157.630' 510 480 40 22,500 23,630 510 155 480 140 40 12 22,500 6,750 23,630 7,090 10,660 11,670 12,690 14,720 16',750 18,780 20,810. 22,840 24,870 Optiomil Features Scientific. Unit Additional 8 Read/Write Channels and 32 I/O Trunks Storage Protect Hone~ell 8200 Central Processor (see Model 8200 subreport, page 518:221. 101) (Contd.) 6/66 A ., AUERBACH PRICE DATA 510:221. 103 IDENTITY OF UNIT CLASS No. INTERNAL STORAGE 250 251 I Mass Memor:t S:tstem Mass Memory Control Mass Memory File (15 million chars) Mass Memory File (60 million chars) Mass Memory File (300 million chars) Random Access Drum Storage (all include control unit) 2.6 million characters 5.2 million characters 7. 5 million characters Track Protection Monthly Rental (5-Year Term) Monthly Maintenance Purchase (Immediate) Purchase (Mter 1 Year) $ $ $ $ $ 14,625 14,725 335 300 670 600 163 29,250 29,400 1,155 1,045 281 50,625 50,775 2,280 2,058 556 100, 125 100,400 950 1,605 2,260 25 855 1,450 2,040 25 138 233 328 4 41,625 70,425 99,225 1. 125 41,725 70,525 99,500 1, 135 207 208 060 061 062 Punched Card and Printer Card Reader-Card Punch (includes Early Card Read) Card Reader Control (for 227) Card Punch Control (for 227) Direct Transcription (optional) Hole Count Checking (optional) Punch Feed Read (optional) 560 245 215 50 100 80 560 220 195 50 100 80 120 24 21 5 10 8 30,215 10,800 9,450 2,250 4,500 3,600 30,215 10,900 9,500 2,280 4,550 3,650 223 043 044 Card Reader and Control 51-Column Read (optional) Direct Transcription (optional) 310 40 25 280 40 25 74 4 3 13,500 1,800 1,125 13,575 1,830 1, 140 214-1 214-2 Card Punch; 100-400 CPM Card Reader/Punch; 100-400 CPM 310 360 280 325 74 87 13,500 15,750 13,575 15,850 224-1 224-2 Card Punch; 262 CPM Card Punch; 354 CPM 310 425 310 425 34 41 19,900 21,050 19,900 21,050 208-1 208-2 Punch Control for 224 and 214-1 Punch Control and Punch Feed Read feature for 224 and 214-2 Reject Stacker (optional) 155 140 15 6,750 6,875 230 20 210 20 22 1 10, 175 1, 100 10,225 1,100 Card Reader; 400 CPM (Honeywell 120 only) 205 185 50 9,000 9,100 280 255 34 12,375 12,450 230 210 28 10, 125 10,225 820 870 925 1,305 665 740 785 835 1,180 600 198 211 223 316 161 36,000 38,250 40,500 57,375 29,250 36,100 38,350 40,750 57,600 29,350 510 465 124 22,500 22,700 65 65 16 2,925 2,975 130 25 115 25 12 3 5,625 1. 125 5,685 1. 140 50 155 50 140 12 15 2,250 6,750 2,280 6,800 252 253 270-1 270-2 270-3 075 INPUTOUTPUT Name PRICES Monthly Rental (I-Year Term) 227 065 123 209 210 Paper Tape Reader (includes control unit) Paper Tape Punch (includes control unit) 222-1 222-2 222-3 222-4 222-5 Printer (650 LPM; 96 positions) Printer (650 LPM; 108 positions) Printer (650 LPM; 120 positions) Printer (950 LPM; 120 positions) Printer (450 LPM; 120 positions) (All above printers include control units. ) 122 Printer (450 LPM; 120 positions)Honeywell 120 only 032 034 035 1034 206A Extension of print positions from 120 to 132 for 222-3 and 222-4 Printers (optional) Numeric Print for 222-1, 222-2, and 222-3 Printers (optional) Numeric Print for 222-4 (optional) Extension of print positions from 120 to 132 for 222-5 and 122 Printers (optional) Control for 822-3 Printer 33 " © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 6/66 510:221. 104 HONEYWELL SERIES 200 PRICES IDENTITY OF UNIT CLASS INPUTOUTPUT (Cont'rt) No. 204A-l 204A-2 204A-3 203A-l 203A-2 203A-3 204B-l 204B-2 204B-:l 204B-4 204B-5 204B-7 204B-8 204B-9 204B-11 204B-12 203B-l 203B-2 203B-4 203B-5 203B-6 103 050 051 057 1055 212 212-1 213-3 213-4 071 Monthly Rental (I-Year Term) Name Magnetic Tape Units (3/4-inch) 31.760 characters per second 63. 520 characters per second 88,800 characters per second Tape control for up to four 204A-l units Tape control for up to four 204A-2 units Tape control for up to four 204A-3 units Magnetic Tape Units (1/2-inch) 19,980 charlsec - primary unit 19,980 char/sec - secondary unit 44; 400 char/sec - primary unit 44,400 char/sec - secondary unit 66.600 char/sec 28,800 char/sec 64,000 char/sec fJ6, 000 char/sec 13,300 char/sec - primary unit 13,300 char/sec - secondary unit Tape Control for up to eight 204B-1 and 204B-2, or 204B-3 and 204B-4 units Tape Control for up to eight 204B-5 units Tape Control for up to eight 204B-6 or 204B-8 units Tape Control for up to four 204B-ll and 204B-12 units Tape Control for up to eight 204B-9 units Tape Control for up to four 204B-ll and 204B-12 units (includes one 204B-ll unit) - Honeywell 120 only) IBM 729/7330 format (gap length and EOF recognition) for 203B-l, -2, - 3, and -4 Tape Controls (optional) IBM code compatibility (BCD) for 203B-1, -2, -3, and -4 Tape Control (optional) IBM (7-track) compatibility for 203B-5 Tape Control (optional) IBM (7 -track) compatibility for 103 Tape Control (optional) On-Line Adapters On- Line Adapter (for direct connection of Series 200 and H-800 or H-1S00 Central Processors) On-Line Adapter (for direct connection of any two Series 200 Central Processors) Clocks Interval Timer (1 second) Time of Day Clock Interval Selector for 213-3 (optional) Monthly Rental (5-Year Term) Monthly Maintenance Purchase (Immediate) Purchase (After 1 Year) $ $ $ $ $ 450 900 900 450 900 900 100 155 155 20,250 43,200 43,200 20.250, 43.200 43,200 280 255 28 12,375 12,450 280 255 28 12,375 12,450 410 370 40 18,000 18, 100 360 325 74 14,800 15,750 310 515 280 460 63 105 12,700 21,150 13.500 22,500 460 720 410 615 820 280 230 415 650 370 555 740 255 210 95 147 84 126 168 58 48 19,035 28,350 16,920 24,300 32,400 12,375 10,125 20,250 31,500 18,000 27,000 36,000 12,475 10,225 435 395 42 17,220 19,125 435 395 42 17,220 19,125 435 395 42 17,220 19,125 310 280 30 12, 150 13,500 435 395 42 17,220 19. 125 460 415 63 19,050 20,250 50 50 5 2, ,250 2, 280 50 50 5 2,250 2.280 50 50 5 2,250 2,280 50 50 5 1,900 2.250 515 460 50 22.5()0 22,600 410 370 40 18.000 18. 100 80 205 SO 185 8 20 3,600 9,000 3,650 9,050 50 50 5 2,250 2,280 (Contd.) A 6/66 AUERBACH ® "/ ,I' - 510:221. 105 PRICE DATA PRICES IDENTITY OF UNIT CLASS INPUTOUTPUT (Cont'd) Name No. Monthly Rental (I-Year Term) Monthly Rental (5-Year Term) Monthly Maintenance Purchase (Immediate) Purchase (After 1 Year) $ $ $ $ $ 286-1 286-2 286-3 Communication Controls 155 Single-Channel Communication to 230 Control (including adapter) 215 Multi -Channel Control (2-3 lines) Multi-Channel Control (4-15 lines) 330 410 Multi-Channel Control (16-63 lines) 140 to 210 195 295 370 22 to 34 32 48 60 6,750 to 10, 125 9,450 14,400 18,000 6,800 to 10,225 9,550 14,500 18, 100 084-1 086 087 Reverse Channel Option Parity Check Long Check 25 50 50 25 50 50 4 7 7 1. 125 2,250 2,250 1,140 2,280 2,280 285 Communication Control Adapters (one per line) 30 to 100 30 to 100 5 to 15 400 360 39 17,550 17,700 155 245 340 430 140 220 305 390 15 24 33 42 6,750 10,800 14,850 18,900 6,800 10, 900 14,950 19,000 75 75 8 3,375 3,425 205 310 185 280 20 30 9,000 13,500 9,050 13,575 155 140 32 6,750 6,800 65 65 15 2,925 2,975 180 60 85 165 60 85 37 14 19 7,875 2,700 3,825 7,925 2,725 3,950 70 70 15 3, 150 3,180 260 230 53 11,250 11,350 088-2 Buffer Option for 288-1 or 288-2 Control Unit Extended Operations Option 70 30 70 30 15 7 3,150 1. 350 3, 180 1,375 303 311 312 Display Display Display Display 77 57 62 72 53 58 20 16 18 2,500 2,900 I, 900 2,650 3,075 2,015 322 323 Universal Control Unit Universal Control Unit 231 267 216 250 60 60 8,600 10,400 9, 120 11,025 331 332 Communication Module Communication Module 88 116 82 106 10 12 3,720 5,150 3,945 5,335 341 342 343 Expansion Module Expansion Module Expansion Module 72 113 26 68 106 24 10 15 5 2,700 4,300 900 2,865 4,500 955 351 352 Message-Editing Module Multi-Message Transactions Module (no extra cost) 6 5 - 250 265 353 353A 355 357 Printer Control Module Printer Control Module Polling Control Module KSR Control Module 57 26 16 57 53 24 15 53 8 3 2 1,950 950 530 2,020 2,070 1,010 555 2, 145 281 233-2 205-1 205-2 205-3 205-4 215-1 220-1 220-2 288-1 289-2 289-3 289-4 289-5 289-7 289-8 088-1 MICR Control Unit Control Unit (for Burroughs Sorter/Reader) Switching Units Magnetic Tape Switching Unit Magnetic Tape Switching Unit Magnetic Tape Switching Unit MagnetiC Tape Switching Unit Communication Switching Unit (used with 285-1, 2 adapters) Consoles Program Control Hardware Control Data Station Central Control Unit Page Printer (10 CPS) and Keyboard Page Printer (40 CPS) and Keyboard Paper Tape Reader (120 CPS) Paper Tape Punch (120 CPS) Card Reader (120 CPS) - requires option 088-1 Optical Bar Code Reader (50 CPS) requires option 088-1 Stations Station Station Station © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 9 to 1. 350 4,500 1,375 to 4,600 6/66 ~,..c> r \1 1 1 J! HONEYWEll 120 Honeywell EDP Division ( c AUERBACH INFO, INC. PRINTED IN U. S. A. HONEYWEll 120 Honeywell EOP Division AUERBACH INFO, INC. PRINTED IN U. S. A. 511:011.100 A. AUERBACH STANOARD EDP HONEYWELL 120 REPORTS INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION The Honeywell 120 Processor is a small-scale business-oriented processor that can be connected to any of the Honeywell Series 200 peripheral units, can use any of the Honeywell Series 200 programming languages, and can execute most programs originally written for an IBM 1401. The 120 Processor is restricted by having an unusual set of input-output channels which include built-in controllers for certain specific peripheral units. Therefore, it is likely that thesc specific units will be used in most Honeywell 120 systems in order to minimize equipment costs. The preferred set consists of the 400-card-per-minute card reader and thc 100-card-per-minute card punch, which are housed in a single cabinet and called the Honcywell 214 Card Reader/Punch; the 450-line-per-minute Honeywell 122 Printer; and the 13,3:l3-characterper-second 204B-11 and 204B-12 Magnetic Tape Units. The Honeywell 120 Processor can contain between 2,048 and 32,768 characters of core storagc, with a cycle time of 3 microseconds per character. Standard features of the Honeywell 120 Processor include: Program Interrupt, two read-write channels, three input-output trunkS, and integrated controls. Optional features are: Advanced Programming, Edit Instruction, 8-Bit Code Handling Instruction,. Control Unit Adapter, and Control Unit Adapter with Read/Write Channel. Nonavailable features are: multiply-divide, floating-point, table look-up facilities, and the Storage Protect feature. The rental for typical Honeywell 120 systems ranges between approximately $2,000 and $6,000 per month. Deliveries began in March 1966. This report concentrates upon the characteristics and the performance of the Honeywell 120 in particular. All the general characteristics of the Honeywell Series 200 hardware and software are described in Computer System Report 510: Honeywell Series 200 - General. The Systeni Configuration section which follows shows thc Honeywcll 120 in the following standard System Configurations: I: II: III: Typical Card System 4-Tape Business System 6-Tape Business System These configurations were prepared according to the rules in the Users' Guide, pagc 4:030.120, and any significant deviations from the standard specifications are listed. Section 511:051 provides detailed central processor timings for the Honeywell 120. The input-output channel capabilities of the Honeywell 120, and the demands upon the processor during input-output operations, are described in Section 511:111. The software that can be used with any Series 200 computer depends upon its core storage capacity and the number and type of peripheral devices. Several versions of the Easycoder Assembler and COBOL Compiler will be made available. These languages, and numerous othcr support routines for the Honeywell 120, are described in Sections 510:151 through 510:193. Thcoverall performance of any Honeywell Series 200 system is heavily dependent npon the processor model used. A full System Performance analysis of standardi7.ed configurations utilizing the Honeywell 120 Processor is provided in Section 511:201. © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 6/66 -..&. 511:031. 001 SI .... " /AEDP - HONEYWELL 120 SYSTEM CONFIGURATION AUERBAC~ R(PORTS ~ SYSTEM CONFIGURATION The Honeywell 120 Processor differs from all the other Series 200 Processors in that it includes special input-qutput controllers for certain specific peripheral units: one Model 122 Printer, one Model 214 Card Reader/Punch, and up to four Model 204B-ll/12 Magnetic Tape Units. If the optional Simultaneous or Non-Simultaneous I/O Adapteris added, any of the available Series 200 peripheral units can be used in a Honeywell 120 system .. These peripheral units are described in detail In the main Series 200 Computer System Report, and their trunk requirements are summarized in the main System Configuration section, page 510:031.100 . . 1. TYPICAL CARD SYSTEM; CONFIGURATION I Deviations from Standard Configuration: .. . . . . . . . card reader is 20% slower. card punch is slower. Multiply-Divide not available . . 6 index registers instead of 1. Equilmient Rental* 121-3 Processor and Console with 8,192 characters of Core Storage. $1,270 I/O Adapter (Simultaneous) t 222-4 Printer and Control: 950 lines/min (120 print positions) ** 310 1,305 223 Card Reader: 800 cards/min** 310 214-1 Card Punch: 100-400 cards/min 310 Optional Features Included: . . . . . • • . . • . . . • . . . . Advanced Programming Edit Instruction TOTAL RENTAL:. * 75 50 $3,630 The rental prices quoted are for a one-year monthly rental base term agreement. The same configuration with a five-year rental agreement leases for $3,285 per month. ** The basic Honeywe11120 system provides slower card reading and printing speeds. The basic 120 system, with the 450-lpm Model 122 Printer and the 400-cpm reading speed of the Model 214-2 Card Reader/Punch, rents for $2,265 per month in Standard Configuration 1. t This feature provides an additional read-write channel for appreciably better performance on the Standard File Processing Problems. (Contd. ) 6/66 A AUERBACH '" 511:031.200 SYSTEM CONFIGURATION .2 4-TAPE BUSINESS SYSTEM; CONFIGURATION II Deviations from Standard Configuration: . . . . . . . . . card reader is 20% slower. ability to overlap printing and one input-output operation with internal processing is standard. Optional Features Included: Equipment Rental* 121-3 Processor and Console with 8,192 characters of Core Storage $1,270 214-2 Card Reader/Punch: Reads: 400 cards/min Punches: 100-400 cards/min 360 103 Non-Simultaneous Tape Control (includes a 204B-11 Tape Unit) 204B-12 Magnetic Tape Units (3): 13,300 char/sec** 460 122 Printer: 450 lines/min (120 print positions) 510 690 . . . . . • . . . . . Edit Instruction Advanced Programming t TOTAL RENTAL: 50 75 $3,415 * The rental prices quoted are for a one-year monthly rental base term agreement. The same equipment with a five-year rental agreement leases for $3,100 per month. ** IBM 729 and 7330 Magnetic Tape (7-track) compatibility can be added at an extra cost of $50 per month. t This optional feature, which permits indexing, indirect addressing, etc., is considered well worth its price in all Honeywell 120 configurations. © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 6/66 HONEYWELL 120 511:031. 300 .3 6-TAPE BUSINESS SYSTEM; CONFIGURATION m Deviations from Standard Configuration: •. . • . . .. card reader is 20% slower. console typewriter input is included. Multiply-Divide is not available. Equipment Rental* 121-5 Processor and Console with 16,384 characters of Core Storage $1,780 . I/O Adapter (Non-Simultaneous) 155 203B-4 Tape Control Unit 204B-7 Magnetic Tape Unit (6): 28,800 char/sec (800 CPI) 435 220-1 Console (includes Teleprinter) 205 214-2 Card Reader/Punch: Reads: 400 cards/min Punches: 100-400 cards/min 360 122 Printer: 450 lines/min (120 print positions) 510 Optional Features Included: . . . . . • • . . . . . . . . . . . Edit Instruction Advanced Programming TOTAL RENTAL: * The rental prices quoted are for a one-year monthly rental base term agreement. The same equipment with a five-year rental agreement leases for $5,460 per month. 6/66 fA AUERBACH '" 2,460 50 75 $6,030 -& 511:051.100 "...... /AEDP AUER9AC~ - HONEYWELL 120 CENTRAL PROCESSOR IfPBRTS ~ CENTRAL PROCESSOR .1 GENERAL . 11 Identity: ..••. .12 Description Central Processor Models 121-1 through 121-9 The Model 121 Central Processor performs logical, addition, and subtraction operations in either decimal or binary modes. (Honeywell provides subroutines to perform decimal multiplication and division operations.) The Central Processor contains the following six basic functional units: • The functional, names of the control memory's registers are: (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) Main memory. • Control memory. (8) • Control unit. e Arithmetic unit. (9) e Input-output traffic control. • Integrated peripheral control. Main memory is a magnetic core storage unit that is modularly expandable from 2,048 to 32,768 alphanumeric characters. Cycle time is three microseconds per one-character access, as described in Section 510:041. In Honeywell 120 systems that are equipped with the Advanced Programming optional feature, the first 24 locations locations in main memory are used as six 4character index registers, and therefore cannot be used as working storage. Each character position consists of six data bits, one parity bit, and two punctuation bits. The punctuation bits can be used to indicate a word mark, an item mark, or a record mark, which define the length of a data field or instruction, an item, or a record, respectively. An "item" consists of a group of consecutive data fields. (The IBM 1400 series computers utilize only one punctuation bit - the "word mark" bit - and each record mark occupies an entire character position. The two punctuation bits used in Series 200 will decrease data storage" requirements and provide increased flexibility in data movement operations. The optional Extended Move instruction, for example, can be terminated by a word mark, an item mark, or a record mark, as specified by the programmer. ) The control memory is a magnetic core storage unit that provides thirteen additional control registers for general usage by the central processor. A 14th register is used with the Advanced Programming optional feature. The number of bit positions in each register varies from 11 to 15, depending on the number of bits required to accommodate the maximum address size of the main core memory unit. For example, eleven-bit registers are sufficient to address 2,048 memory locations, and fifteen-bit registers are required to address 32,768 memory locations. (10) (11) (13) (14) A-Address Register B-Address Register Sequence Register Read/Write Channell - Current Location Counter Read/Write Channel 2 - Current Location Counter Read/Write Channel 3 - Current Location Counter Read/Write Channel 1 - Starting Location Counter Read/Write Channel 2 - Starting Location Counter Read/Write Channel 3 - Starting Location Counter Work Register 1 Work Register 2 External Interrupt Register Change Sequence Register (optional). The control unit controls the sequential selection, interpretation, and execution of all stored program instructions and checks for correct (odd) parity whenever a character is moved from one location to another. It also provides for communication with the operator's Control Panel described in Section 510:061. The arithmetic unit executes all arithmetic and logical operations. It consists of an adder that can perform both decimal and binary arithmetic and two one-character operand storage registers. The Honeywell 120 is basically a two-address, add-to-storage system. All operations are performed serially by character and terminated when specific punctuation bit configurations are sensed. This means that operand sizes are fully variable and are limited only by the amount of core storage available to hold them. The input-output traffic control directs the timesharing of accesses to the main memory by the various peripheral devices and the Central Processor. Up to three input-output operations can occur simultaneously with internal processing. The basic Model 120 is equipped with integrated peripheral controls for a 450-line-per-minute printer, a 400-card-per-minute card reader, and a card punch that processes from 100 to 400 cards per minute. Also available is the Type 103 Magnetic Tape Control Unit which can be connected directly to the Model 120 peripheral interface and which accepts four 13, 300-character-persecond magnetic tape units. The basic 120 processor can accept up to two standard Series 200 peripheral controls instead of the Type 103 control. Either of two optional features (Feature 1015 or 1016) allows the connection of up to five standard Series 200 peripheral controls in addition to those © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 6/66 HONEYWELL 120 511 :051. 120 .12 Description (Contd.) and control indicators are automatically stored and the contents of the sequence register and the IR are exchanged. This action results in a transfer of control to the instructions indicated by the previous contents of the IR. When the RNM instruction is executed, all the pertinent address registers, indicators, etc., are automatically restored to their normal condition (i. e., their status prior to the interrupt), and control reverts to the address within the sequence register. already mentioned. The exact number of standard controls which can be added to the Model 120 varies according to the I/O trunk and address requirements of the controls. The degree of peripheral simultaneity achieved by any Series 200 processor depends upon the number of read/write channels with which it is equipped. The Model 120 processor provides as standard equipment three read/write channels, any two of which can be active at one time. Simultaneous use of the third channel is available by means of Feature 1016. All peripheral devices can use any non-reserved core storage areas of appropriate size as inputoutput areas. The processor is well suited to general data manipulation, but editing, indexing, indirect addressing, and full-record data movement capabilities are all extra-cost options, as described below. (The Advanced Programming option provides so much more computing power and programming convenience that it would seem well worth its price of $75 per month in virtually every Honeywell 120 installation.) Binary addition and subtraction, logical AND, exclusive OR, and masking instructions are standard. The optional Move and Translate instruction uses a 64-character translation table to translate any number of consecutive characters from one 6-bit code to another. Handling of 8-bit codes is another optional feature. Multiplydivide hardware is not available in the Honeywell 120 . Instruction length is variable from one to nine characters. Arithmetic and data movement instructions are most commonly seven characters long. Through careful placement of data, instructions can sometimes be "chained" so that a one-character instruc tion does the work of a seven-character one, resulting in savings in both storage space and execution time. Chaining is possible only when a series of operations is to be performed upon items of data stored in consecutive locations, so that the A- and B-Address Registers do not need to be reloaded before each instruction is executed. The Honeywell 120 uses a pure binary addressing system. In the 3-character mode, each address portion within an instruction normally consists of three characters, or 18 data bits. Fifteen bits are used to specify an address between 0 and 32,767, and the remaining three bits can specify address modification - either indirect addressing or indexing by one of the six index registers. Both indexing and indirect addressing are part of the optional Advanced Programming feature. A special instruction enables the Central Processor to switch between the three-character addressing mode and a special two-character mode. Use of two-character addresses reduces both storage space and execution time but has two significant disadvantages: only the 4,096 character positions within a single core module can be addressed, and neither indexing nor indirect addressing can be used. Program interrupt capabilities are provided by the Interrupt Register and a single character instruction called Resume Normal Mode (RNM). The Interrupt Register (IR) is under programmer control; i. e. , any particular memory address is loaded into the IR. When the Central Processor receives a demand from an external device, pertinent arithmetic 6/66 Typical instruction execution times (using the threecharacter addressing mode) are 54 microseconds for a 5-character move, 69 microseconds for a 5-digit decimal add, and 57 microseconds for a 5-character compare. These instruction times are reduced by 6 microseconds when two-character addresses are used. Indexing or indirect addressing requires an additional 9 microseconds per modified address. Optional Features Advanced Programming: Makes six 3-character registers in core storage available as index registers which can index any 3-character instruction address; allows indirect addressing; permits the loading of data into the control registers; permits the transfer of complete records of data within core storage by a single instruction; allows bisequence operations through the use of a consequence register; provides instructions for translating 6-bit codes (MAT), zero and adding or subtracting (ZA and ZS), branching on character equal (BCE) , an extended form of the branch on character condition (BCC) , a Read Reverse instruction for 204B Magnetic Tapes, and the Change Address Mode instruction (for systems of 4,096 characters or less). Editing Instructions: All editing capabilities are optional in the Honeywell 120. The capabilities available are those of the basic and Expanded Print Edit of the IBM 1401. Type 103 Magnetic Tape Control Unit: Allows the use of one Model 204B-ll master tape unit and up to three 204B-12 slave tape units. Magnetic Tape Compatibility feature: Allows the Honeywell Model 120 Central Processor to read and write tape using industry-compatible BCD code. This feature can be installed on the Type 103 Magnetic Tape Control Unit. Series 200 Control Unit Adapter: Allows the connection of up to five standard Series 200 peripheral controls in addition to those available with the basic Model 120. Series 200 Control Unit Adapter with Read/Write Channel: Provides unrestricted and simultaneous use of a third read/write channel. Eight-Bit Code Handling Instruction: Permits automatic translation of 8-bit codes to and from . 6-bit codes through the use of translation tables in core storage. Where an B-bit code (or any code of up to 12 bits) is involved, two storage positions are used to hold each character; the punctuation bits are not used for code representations. Instruction Compatibility with the IBM 1401 Please see the detailed comparison of instruction lists in the Instruction List section, page 510:121.100. (Contd.) A AUERBACH '" 511:051. 140 CENTRAL PROCESSOR .14 First Delivery: . . . . . March 1966 . .2 PROCESSING FACILITIES . 21 Operations and Operands Operation and Variation .211 Fixed point Add- subtract: Multiply: Divide: .212 Floating point Add-subtract: Multiply: Divide: .213 Boolean AND: Inclusive OR: Exclusive OR: Provision Radix Size automatic 1 to N char. subroutine subroutine decimal or binary decimal decimal Provision Radix Size binary 1 to N char. binary 1 to N char. 1 to N char. 1 to N char. subroutine. subroutine. subroutine. automatic none. automatic Size Provision (branch on high, low, equal, unequal, or zero balance.) automatic 1 to N char. none. automatic 1 to N char. automatic 1 to N char. .214 Comparison Numbers: Absolute: Letters: Mixed: Collating sequence: o through 9, then A through Z, with special symbols interspersed. .215 Code translation Provision: . . . . . . automatic with optional features (using code table constructed by programmer) . From: . . . . . . . . . any 6-bit or 8-bit code. To: • . . • . . . . . . . any 6-bit or 8-bit code. Size: . . . . . . . . . . 1 to N characters. .216 Radix conversion: . none. .217 Edit format Alter size: Suppress zero: Round off: Insert point: Insert spaces: Insert $, CR-*: Float $: Protection: .218 Table look-up: .219 Others Substitute: Provision Comment optional feature expand but not contract. optional none optional optional optional optional optional none. Size 1 to N char. automatic performs binary masking Change Addressing Mode: automatic shift between 2- and 3character addresses. Branch on Sense Switches: automa.tic 16 possible settings. 1 char. © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 6/66 511:051.220 .22 HONEYWELL 120 .2372 Names: . . . . . . . . . indexing (with optional Advanced Programming feature). · 2373 Indexing rule: . . . . . addition (modulo core storage capacity). .2374 Index specification: .. Address Type Indicator first 3 bits of 18-bit operand address. .2375 Number of potential indexers: . . . . . . . 6. .2376 Addresses which can be indexed: . . . . . . all 3-character addresses. .2377 Cumulative indexing: . . . . . . . . . . . none. .2378 Combined index and step: . . . . . . . . . . none . . 238 Indirect addressing: .. with optional Advanced Programming feature . .2381 Recursive: . . . . · yes. · 2382 Designation: · Address Type Indicator first 3 bits of operand address. .2383 Control: . . . . . . · direct address has no indicator bit. .2384 Indexing with indirect addressing: . yes. .239 Stepping: . . . . . .. . none. Special Cases of Operands .221 Negative numbers: .. absolute value, with B zone bit in units position. .222 Zero: ... : . . . . . . . . positive, negative, and unsigned zeros and blanks give same results in decimal arithmetic but are unequal in comparisons. · 223 Operand size determination: ..•.. word mark, item mark, or record mark bits in high or low order digit position. (Some instructions imply one-character operands). .23 Instruction Formats . 231 Instruction structure: . variable; 1 to 10 characters. · 232 Instruction layout: OP A or I Part: Size (char): 1 B V lor C 1 V2 or C2 C 3 2 or 3 2 or 3 1 1 1 An instruction may consist of: (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) OP only OP, VI OP,:A or I OP, A or I, VI OP, A or I, B (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) OP, A or I, B, VI OP, A, B, VI' V2 OP, A or I, C1 OP, A or I, C1 , C2 OP, A or I, CIt C2, C3· .24 .233 Instruction parts Name Purpose OP: . . . . . . . . . . . operation code. A: . . . . . . . . • . . . address of an operand or field in core storage. I: . . . . . . . . .. . location of next instruction if a branch occurs. B: . . . . . • . . .. . address of an operand or field in core storage. V 1 or C1 : . . . . . . . modifier for an operation code, control field for an I/o instruction, or partial address in a translate instruction. V 2 or C2 : . . . . . . . partial address in a translate instruction or control field for an I/O instruction. C3: • . . . . . . . . . . control field for an I/O instruction. .234 Basic address structure: . • . . . . . . 2 + O. . 235 LiteralsArithmetic: . . . . . • . none. Comparisons and tests: . . . . . . . . . . yes; single character. Incrementing modifiers: . . . . . . none. Masking: . . . . . . . . yes; single character mask. . 236 Directly addressed operands Internal storage type: . . . . . . . . . . core. Minimum size: . . . . 1 character. Maximum size: . . . . total capacity. Volume accessible: . total capacity. .237 Address indexing · 2371 Number of methods: . 1. 6/66 Special Processor Storage: . . . . . .. . 13 registers (14 optionally) in magnetic core control memory, as described on page 511:051.100. .3 SEQUENCE CONTROL FEATURES .31 Instruction Sequencing .311 Number of sequence control facilities: ... 1. .312 Arrangement: . . . . . . programmer can exchange the contents of the sequence register and the change sequence register by use of Change Sequence Mode instruction. .313 Precedence rule: . . . . programmer indicates register to be used. .314 Special sub-sequence counters: . . . . . . . . none. .315 Sequence control step size: • . • . . • . . . . . 1 character. .316 Accessibility to routines: . . . . . . . . yes; can be loaded and stored by instructions. · 317 Permanent or optional modifier: . . . . . . . . no. .32 Look-Ahead: . . . . . . . none . · 33 Interruption .331 Possible causes In-out units: . . . . . . ready to transfer one unit of data (character or record) . Storage access: . . . . cannot initiate interrupts. Processor errors: .. cannot initiate interrupts . . 332 Control by routine: ... yes. .333 Operator control: . . . . operator can initiate I/o interrupt from console. .334 Interruption conditions: . . . . . . . . . . . execution of current instruction is completed. (Contd.) A AUERBACH ® / 511:051.335 CENTRAL PROCESSOR . 335 Interruption process Registers saved: ... contents of sequence register and interrupt register are automatically interchanged; address register and indicator settings are automatically saved and restored. Destination: . fixed location (contents of Interrupt Register) . . 34 Multiprogramming: .. none. . 35 Multisequencing: . . . . none. •4 PROCESSOR SPEEDS All execution times listed here are based on use of the 3-character addressing modes; most instructions are 6 microseconds shorter in the 2character addressing mode. o = operand length in decimal digits. C = operand length in characters. . 41 Instruction Times in Microseconds .411 Fixed point: Add-subtract Decimal: . . . . . . . 24 + 90. Binary: . . . . . . . . 24 + 9C. Multiply: . . . . . . . . 3,100 (using subroutine, for 5-digit operands) . Divide: ....•.•••• 3,700 (using subroutine, for 5-digit operands) . . 412 Floating point (performed by subroutines) Add-subtract: . . . . . 1,950. Multiply: . . . . . . . . 4,478. Divide: . . . . . . . • . . 7,710. . 413 Additional allowance for Indexing: . . . . . . . . 9 per modified address. Indirect addressing: . 9 per stage. Re-complementing: . 60 • . 414 ControlCompare: . . . • . . . . 27 + 60. Branch: . • • • . . . . . 18. .415 Counter control: . . . . none . . 416 Edit: . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 + 210. .417 Convert: . . . . . . . . . . none. .418 Shift: . . . • . . . . . . . . none. .42 Processor Performance in Microseconds .421 For random addresses c=a+bDecimal: . . . . . . . Binary: . . . . . . . . b=a+bDecimal: . . . . . . . Binary: . . . . . . . . Sum N itemsDecimal: . . . . . . . Binary: . . . . • . . . c = ab: . . . . . . . . . . .422 For arrays of data: Ci = ai + bj With indexing: . . . . Without indexing: .. b· = ai + b·With ind~xing: ...• Without indexing: .. Sum N items: •...• c = c + aibj: . . . . . . .424 SwitchingUnchecked: . . . . . . . 234; 144 with optional feature. Checked: . . . . . . . . 342; 144 with optional feature. List search: .•.••. 189 + (165 + 6D)N. .425 Format control, per character Unpack: . . . . . . . . . 8. 9 Compose: . . . . . . . . 12. 9 (with optional Editing Instructions) . .426 Table look-up, per comparison For a match: . . . . . . 159 + 6C. For least or greatest: . . • • . • . • . . . 169.2 + 7C. For interpolation point: . . . . . . . . . . 159 + 6C . · 427 Bit indicators Set bit in separate location: . . . . . . . . Set bit in pattern: ... Test bit in separate location: .•.••... Test bit in pattern: .. (24 + 9D)N. (24 + 9C)N. 3,100 (using subroutine, for 5-digit operands). c = alb: . . . . . . . . . 3,700 (using subroutine, for 5-digit operands). 30. 33 . 58. 87. · 428 Moving: . . • . . . . . . . 24 + 6C. .5 ERRORS, CHECKS, AND ACTION Error Overflow: Zero divisor: Check or Interlock Action check overflow check validity check set indicator. set indicator. Invalid operation: check stop with error indication. Arithmetic error: Invalid address: none. limit check Invalid data: 24 + 90. 24 + 9C. 183 + 90. 180 + 90. (138 + 9D)N. 3,180 (using subroutines, for 5-digit operands) . · 423 Branch based on comparison Numeric data: . . . . • 252 + 60 • Alphabetic data: .••• 252 + 6C . (fixed point): 48 + 150. 48 + 15C. 225 + 150. 273 + 150. Receipt of data: Dispatch of data: parity check set indicator. stop with error indication. set indicator. send parity bit. © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 6/66 511 : 111. 100 .. ~ " ,," AEDP - AUERBAC~ !L HONEYWELL 120 SIMULTANEOUS OPERATIONS REPORTS SIMULTANEOUS OPERATIONS The Honeywell 120 can control up to three input-output operations concurrently with internal processing, as described below. (1) Computation within the central processor continues at all times, except during the individual 3-microsecond cycles required for each unit of data transferred between core storage and any peripheral unit. (2) In every Honeywell 120 system, operation of any two of the system's basic peripheral devices (450-1pm printer, Model 214 card unit, and 13KC magnetic tape unit) can proceed at one time in addition to the continuing central processor operation. (3) If the optional Series 200 Control Unit Adapter (Feature 1015) is added to the system, up to five standard Series 200 peripheral control units can be connected - in addition to the basic Honeywell 120 peripheral units. However, the maximum number of input-output operations that can proceed concurrently with computing is still two. (4) If the optional Series 200 Control Unit Adapter and Read/Write Channel (Feature 1016) is added to the system instead of Feature 1015, the capability is provided to connect the same maximum complement of peripheral control units as described in Paragraph (3), and to control one additional concurrent input-output operation. Table I (over) lists the peripheral data transfer operations. Lengths of the start time, data transmission time, and stop time are shown for each operation, along with its demands upon the central processor (CP) and the selected channel. © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 6/66 511: 111. 101 HONEYWELL 120 Cycle Time, msec. OPERATION Data Transmission Start Time Time, CP Channel Time, msec. Use Use msec. CP Use 20.0 55.0 0.2% Yes Stop Time Channel Time, Use msec. CP Channel Use Use 0 No 92.5 0 No 16 0 No 210 0 No 160 0 No Yes 10 0 No 1. 5% Yes 22 0 No 25.5% Yes 17 + 5LS 0 No 46 36.0% Yes 17 + 5LS 0 No 116 19.5% Yes 17 + 5LS 0 No 0.3% Yes ? 0 No <0.1% Yes 0 No Yes ? Oa - - 19.2% Yes Oa - - Var. 26.7% Yes Oa - - Yes Var. 6.0% Yes Oa - - 0 Yes Var. 13.2% Yes Oa - - 5.8 a 0 Yes Var. 20.1% Yes Oa - - - 20.8 a 0 Yes Var. 8.4% Yes Oa - - 204B-8 Magnetic Tape, 64KC - 7.5 a 0 Yes Var. 19.2% Yes oa - - 204B-11, -12 Magnetic Tape, 13KC* - 18.7 a 0 Yes Var. 4.0% Yes Oa - - 270 Random Access Drum - 25.0 0 Yes Var. 30.6% Yes 0 - - - 0 No 214 and 123 Card Readers* 150 214 Card Punch* 150-600 223 Card Reader 75 224-1 Card Punch 335-1210 6:2 0 224-2 Card Punch 223-660 3.0 0 227 Card Reader 75 2lto46 0 Yes 227 Card Punch 222-1, 2, 3 Printer (51character se~) 240 42'to,120 0 92 + 5LS 0 - 63 + 5LS 0 133 + 5LS 209 Paper Tape Reader 210 Paper Tape Punch 204A-1 Magnetic Tape, 32KC 0 Yes 7.5 0 Yes 6.25n <0.1% Yes 13.0 0 Yes 46 0.3% Yes Yes 12.5n <0.1% Yes Yes 6.25n 0.1% Yes 44 13.5% Yes 176 - 75 - - 0 - - 2.0 ? 0 Yes Var. 8.3 ? 0 Yes Var. - 11.0 a 0 Yes Var. 9.4% - 5.5a 0 Yes Var. 204A-3 Magnetic Tape, 89KC - 5.5 a 0 Yes 204B-1, -2 Magnetic Tape, 20KC - 12.5 a 0 204B-3, -4 Magnetic Tape, 44KC - 7.5 a 204B-5 Magnetic Tape, 67KC 204B-7 Magnetic Tape, 29KC - 222-4 Printer (46-: character set) 222-5 Printer* (64character set) ' .. 204A-2 M~gnetic Ta:p~, 64KC , , 75.0 251 Mass Memory 16.7 95 avo 0 Yes Var. 30% Yes 252 Mass Memory 16.7 150 avo 0 Yes Var. 30% Yes - 0 No 253 Mass Memory 16.7 225 avo 0 Yes Var. 30% Yes - 0 No a b LS n Var. * 6/66 Cross-gap time for short gap (replaces start and stop times). For the character mode; time for the record mode is variable. Number of lines skipped between successive printed lines. Number of characters punched. Data transmission time varies with record length. Basic Honeywell 120 peripheral units. A AUERBACH '" 511 : 20 I. 001 .1 ""'. . HONEYWELL 120 SYSTEM PERFORMANCE /AEDP - AU£RBAC~ • REPORTS SYSTEM PERFORMANCE GENERALIZED FILE PROCESSING (511:201.100) These problems involve updating a master file from information in a detail file and producing a printed record of each transaction. This application is one of the most common commercial data processing jobs and is fully described in Section 4:200.1 of the Users' Guide. Standard File Problems A, B, and C show the effects of three different record sizes in the master file. Standard Problem D increases the amount of computation performed upon each transaction. Each problem is estimated for activity factors (ratios of number of detail records to number of master records) of zero to unity. In all cases a uniform distribution of activity is assumed. The basic Honeywell 120 system allows simultaneous computing, printing (by the basic printer), and one other input-output operation. As an optional feature, one additional inputoutput operation can take place on any Series 200 peripheral unit connected to the I/O Adapters. This special feature is included in Standard Configuration I. In Configuration I, the master and detail input files are assigned to the card reader. The output files are assigned to the basic card punch (updated master file) and printer (report file). The card reader and printer used in Configuration I are faster than the basic Honeywell 120 equipment. The printer is assigned to the optional read-write channel and the card reader to the basic read-write channel. For Problems A, B, C, and D, the combined time of the card punch and the card reader is always the controlling factor on overall processing time. In Configurations II and III, the master files are on magnetic tape. The detail file is assigned to the card reader and the report file to the printer. Configuration II uses only the basic Honeywell 120 peripheral devices. In Problems A, B, C, and D, for all activities, the card reader and two master-file tapes are the controlling factors for both Configurations II and III. SORTING (511:201.200) The standard estimate for sorting SO-character records by straightforward merging on magnetic tape was developed by the method explained in Paragraph 4:200.213 of the Users' Guide. A two-way merge was used in System Configuration II (which has only four magnetic tape units) and a three-way merge in Configuration III. The results are shown in Graph 511:201.200. MATRIX INVERSION AND GENERALIZED MATHEMATICAL PROCESSING It is not possible to install automatic floating-point operations in the Honeywell 120 Processor; therefore, these two mathematically-oriented standard problems have not been coded for the 120. \ © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 6/66 511:201. 011 HONEYWELL 120 WORKSHEET DATA TABLE I (STANIlAIIIl FILE I'HOBLEM A) CONFIGURATION ITEM REFERENCE II Clml'/block lnput- Hl'cords /block mst'c/bloek Output Timt'S (/"i1t'I) 0, /Filt'l) Fill' 1 -" File ::\ 7fi/·l:n. f---- __7,_'_ _ _ _, _ _ _ _ _15_0___ ~~ f-----'-' __________ W . 0 ~ ...!:!!£..L File 3 ~'-- TimL's msce/record mSl'c/dctaU msec/work dominant 8,7 8.7 2.0 2.0 C,P. I/O C, P. 4:200.11:12 - :/0 0.5 05 - - - - I - - 7--:-;-----. - I - - .-'--. - - - ~.--- ~----- ~4-:-O-- ----~~~ - ~Mast(,l'In ~--~---I-..G_r--~-~I.-2---~5-4:200.1H 4:tL..r!- -----LJL_r---5~~_ ~_ ~~~ t-.!h.!.. File 4: Hcports Unit of ml' V 2 Time in Minutes to put Records into Required Order 10 / ~ lL V 1/ 7 1/ /' / 4 V 2 ~ ~V V / 1 ...,. 1.0 7 4 2 0.1 100 2 4 7 1,000 2 4 7 2 4 10,000 7 100,000 Number of Records (Roman numerals denote standard System Configurations.) © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 6/66 HONEYWEll 200 Honeywell EDP Division I ~- c ( AUERBACH INFO, INC. PRINTED IN U. s. A. HONEYWEll 200 Honeywell EOP Division AUERBACH INFO, INC. PRINTED IN U. S. A. 512:0.11 ~'Io.o.'; 1&. AUERBACH STANDARD ED]? HONEYWELl..:. 20.0.,;) INTRODUCTION REPORTS INTRODUCTION The Honeywell 20.0. Processor can be connected to any of the Honeywell Series 20.0. peripheral units, can use any of the Series 20.0. programming languages, and can run most programs originally written for an IBM 140.1. It can contain between 4,0.96 and 65,536 characters of core storage, with a cycle time of 2 microseconds per character. Standard features of the Honeywell 20.0. Processor include: Multiply-Divide, 8-Bit Code Handling Instruction, three read-write channels, eight I/O trunks, and Program Interrupt. Optional features are: Advanced Programming, Edit Instruction, Eight Additional I/O Trunks, and Auxiliary Read-Write Channel. Nonavailable features are: floating-point arithmetic instrUctions, table look-up facilities, and the Storage Protect feature. The rental for typical Honeywell 20.0. systems ranges between $4,0.0.0. and $9,0.0.0. per month. Deliveries of the latest-model Honeywell 20.0. began in November 1965; deliveries of the original Honeywell 20.0. began in July 1964. This report concentrates upon the characteristics and the performance of the Honeywell 20.0. in particular. All the general characteristics of the Honeywell Series 20.0. hardware and software are described in Computer System Report 510.: Honeywell Series 20.0. - General. The System Configuration section which follows shows the Honeywell 20.0. in the follOWing standard System Configurations: I: II: ill: IV: V: Typical Card System 4-Tape Business System 6-Tape Business System 12-Tape Business System 6-Tape Auxiliary Storage System These configurations were prepared according to the rules in the Users' Guide, page 4:0.30..120., and any significant deviations from the standard specifications are listed. In addition, the SY!'ltem Configuration section also shows a typical configuration for data communications applications. Section 512:0.51 provides detailed central processor timings for the Honeywell 20.0.. The input-output channel capabilities of the Honeywell 20.0., and the demands upon the processor during input-output operations, are described in Section 512:111. The software that can be used with any Series 20.0. computer depends upon its core storage capacity and the number and type of peripheral devices. Several versions of the Easycoder Assembler and COBOL Compiler will be made available. A FORTRAN compiler will be able to operate on the Honeywell 20.0., without the floating-point arithmetic option, provided that the other configuration requirements are met. These languages, and numerous other support routines for the Honeywell 20.0., are described in Sections 510.:151 through 510.:193. The overall performance of any Honeywell Series 20.0. system is heavily dependent upon the processor model used. A full System Performance analysis of standardized configurations utilizing the Honeywell 20.0. Processor is provided in Section 512:20.1. \ " © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 6/66 512:031. 200 SYSTEM CONFIGURATION .2 4-TAPE BUSINESS SYSTEM: CONFIGURATION II Deviations from Standard Configuration: . . . . . . . • . card reader is 60% faster. printer is 30% faster. ability to overlap input-output operations with internal processing is standard. Multiply-Divide is standard. Equipment Renta1** 201-2-2 Processor and Console with 8,192 characters of Core Storage $1,615 223 Card Reader and Control: 800 cards/min 310 208-1 Card Punch Control 214-1 Card Punch: 100 fully-punched cards/min 155 310 222-3 Printer and Control: 650 lines/min (120 print positions) 925 203B-5"Tape Control Unit 204B-ll and -12 Magnetic Tape Units (4): 13,300 char/sec 310 Optional Features Included: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . Editing Instructions Advanced Programming* TOTAL RENTAL: * 970 90 100 $4,785 This optional feature, which permits indexing, indirect addressing, loading of control registers, etc., is considered well worth its price in all Honeywell 200 configurations. ** The rental prices quoted are for a one-year monthly rental base term agreement. The same configuration with a five-year rental agreement rents for $4,350 per month. © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 6/66 HONEYWELL 200 512:031. 300 .3 6-TAPE BUSINESS SYSTEM: CONFIGURATION III Deviations from Standard Co"\lfiguration: . . . • . . . . . card reader is 60% faster. printer is 30% faster. console typewriter input is included. ability to read and write magnetic tape simultaneously is standard. Equipment Rental * 201-2-4 Processor and Console with 16,384 characters of Core Storage $2,130 223 Card Reader and ,Control: 800· cards/min 310 208-1 Card Punch Control 214-1 Card Punch: 100 fully-punched cards/min 155 310 222-3 Printer and Control: 650 lines/min (120 print positions) 203B-4 Tape Control Unit 204B-7 Magnetic Tape Units (6): 28,800 char/sec (800 CPI) 220-1 Console (includes Teleprinter) Optional Features Included: •. , . • . . . • . . • . . . . . . Advanced Programming with BBE Editing Instructions TOTAL RENTAL: * 925 460 2,460 205 100 90 $7,145 The rental prices qliotedare fcir a one-year monthly rental base term agreement. The same configuration with a five-year rental agreement rents for $6,465 per month. ./ (Contd. ) 6/66 fA. AUERBACH OJ SYSTEM CONFIGURATION .4 512:031. 400 12-TAPE BUSINESS SYSTEM: CONFIGURATION IV card reader is 20% slower. card punch is slower. Equipment R ental * 201-2-8 Processor and Console with 32,768 characters of Core Storage $ 3,150 223 Card Reader and Control: 800 cards/min 310 208-1 Card Punch Control 214-1 Card Punch: 100 fully-punched cards/min 155 310 222-4 Printer and Control: 950 lines/min (120 print positions) 1,305 203B-4 Tape Control Unit 204B-8 Magnetic Tape Units (6): 64,000 char/sec 435 3,690 203B-4 Tape Control 204B-8 Magnetic Tape Units (6): 64,000 char/sec 435 3,690 220-1 Console (includes Teleprinter) Optional Features Included: . • . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . Advanced Programming with BBE Editing Instructions Auxiliary Read/Write Channel TOTAL RENTAL: * .5 205 100 90 50 $13,925 The rental prices quoted are for a one-year monthly rental base term agreement. The same configuration with a five-year rental agreement rents for $12,600 per month . 6-TAPE AUXILIARY STORAGE SYSTEM: CONFIGURATION V This Configuration is identical to Configuration III for the Honeywell 200 (preceding page) except for the addition of one 250 Mass Memory Control and one 251 Mass Memory File Transport, which provide 15 million characters of storage and bring the total system rental to $8,150 per month for a one-year contractual agreement. The same configuration with a five-year rental agreement rents for $7, 365 per month. © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 6/66 HONEYWELL 200 512:031. 600 .6 TYPICAL COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM Equipment Rental ** 285 Communication Control Adapter Units (up to 63: one per line used) 286-3 Multiple Communication Control Unit and 085-61 Expansion Feature (total 63 lines) 201-2-8 Processor and Console with 32, 768 characters of Core Storage * $ 410 3,150 223 Card Reader and Control: 800 cards/min 310 208-1 Card Punch Control 214-1 Card Punch: 100 fully punched cards/min 155 310 222-3 Printer and Control: 650 lines/min (120 print positions) 925 203B-4 Tape Control Unit 204B-7 Magnetic Tape Units (6): 28,800 char/sec (800 CPI) 460 250 Mass Storage Control Unit 251 Mass Memory File (15 million character capacity, 95 millisecond average access time) 2,460 335 670 / Optional Features Included: . • . • • • . • • . . . . . • . . . Advanced Programming with BBE Second Set of 1-0 Trunks Editing Instructions TOTAL RENTAL: * Cost of the necessary communication interface units is not included. ** The rental prices quoted are for a one-year monthly rental base term agreement. The same configuration with a five-year rental agreement rents for $ 8,210 per month. 6/66 fA AUERBACH ® 100 150 90 $9,525* -& 512:051. 100 IT ...... /AEDP 'UER.AC~ HONEYWELL 200 CENTRAL PROCESSOR ""om L..-- CENTRAL PROCESSOR .1 GENERAL . 11 Identity: . • . . . . . . . . Central Processor. Models 201-2-1 through 201-2-12 . (7) Read-Write Channel 2 - Present Location Counter. Description (8) Read-Write Channel 2 - Starting Location Counter. . 12 (6) Read-Write Channell - Starting Location Counter . The Model 201-2 Central Processor performs all arithmetic and logical functions in a Honeywell 200 system under control of the internally stored program. The Central Processor consists of five basic functional units: the main memory, the control memory, the control unit, the arithmetic unit, and the input-output traffic control. The main memory consists of from 4,096 to 65,536 alphameric character positions of core storage and is fully described in Section 510:041. Cycle time is two microseconds per one-character access. Each character position consists of six data bits, one parity bit, and two punctuation bits. The punctuation bits can be used to indicate a word mark, an item mark, or a record mark, which define the length of a data field or instruction, an item, or a record, respectively. An "item" consists of a group of consecutive data fields. (The IBM 1400 series computers utilize only one punctuation bit - the "word mark" bit - and each record mark occupies an entire character position. The two punctuation bits used in the H-200 will decrease data storage requirements and provide increased flexibility in data movement operations. The optional Extended Move instruction, for example, can be terminated by a word mark, an item mark, or a record mark, as specified by the programmer.) The control memory is a small magnetic core storage unit with an access time of 0.25 microsecond and a cycle time of 0.50 microsecond. It holds 16 control registers, each capable of storing the address of one character position in the main memory. Instructions are provided to load and store the contents of each of these registers. The 16 control registers have the following functions: (1) A-Address Register. (2) B-Address Register. (3) Sequence Register. (4) Change Sequence Register. (5) Read-Write Channell - Present Location Counter. (9) Read-Write Channel 3 - Present Location Counter. (10) Read-Write Channel 3 - Starting Location Counter. (11) Auxiliary R/W Channel - Present Location Counter. * (12) Auxiliary R/W Channel - Starting Location Counter. * (13) Interrupt Register. (14) Work Register 1. (15) Work Register 2. (16) Unassigned. * denotes optional registers. The arithmetic unit executes all arithmetic and logical operations. It consists of an adder that. can perform both decimal and binary arithmetic and two one-character operand storage registers. The H-200 is basically a two-address, add-to··storage system. All operations are performed serially by character and terminated when specific punctuation bit configurations are sensed. This means that operand sizes are fully variable and are limited only by the amount of core storage available to hold them. The control unit controls the sequential selection, interpretation, and execution of all stored program instructions and checks for correct (odd) parity whenever a character is moved from one location to another. It also provides for communication with the operator's Control Panel described in Section 510: 061. The input-output traffic control directs the timesharing of accesses to the main memory by the various peripheral devices and the Central Processor. Up to four input-output operations can occur simultaneously with internal processing. Three readwrite channels are included in the basic H- 200 system, and a fourth channel is available as an option. The fourth channel is an auxiliary channel that alternates with read/write channel 1. The auxiliary channel is interlocked when either a Model 227 © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 6/66 HONEYWELL 200 512:051. 120 • 12 Description (Contd.) Register and a single-character instruction called Resume Normal Mode (RNM). The Interrupt Register (ill) is under programmer control; i. e. , any particular memory address is loaded into the m. Upon the Central Processor receipt of a demand from an external device, pertinent arithmetic and control indicators are automatically stored, and the contents of the sequence register and the m are exchanged. The latter action results in a transfer of control to the instruction indicated by the previous contents of the m. Card Reader, any printer, a drum unit, mass storage unit, or a magnetic tape unit (with a speed of over 45KC) is operating on channel 1. Highly significant is the fact that the programmer can maximize the utilization of the read-write channels by selecting anyone of the channels to serve any input-output device; there is no need for permanent assignment of each peripheral device to a specific channel as in most competitive systems. All peripheral devices can use any core storage areas of appropriate size as input-output areas. Demand on the Central Processor for most peripheral operations is two microseconds per character transferred to or from core storage. When the RNM instruction is executed, all the pertinent address registers, indicators, etc. , are automatically restored to their normal condition (i. e. , their status prior to the interrupt), and control reverts to the sequence or the cosequence register (the one in control when the interrupt occurred). The processor is well suitcd to general data manipulation, but editing, indexing, indirect addressing, and full-record data movement capabilities are all extra-cost options, as described below. (The Advanced Programming option provides so much more computing power and programming convenience that it would seem well worth its price of $100 per month in virtually every H-200 installation.) Binary addition and subtraction, logical AND, exclusive OR, and masking instructions are standard. The optional Move and Translate instruction uses a 64-character translation table to translate any number of consecutive characters from one 6-bit code to another. Translation of 8-bit codes is a standard feature, as is direct decimal multiplication and division. Typical instruction execution times (using the threecharacter addressing mode) are 36 microseconds for a 5-character move, 48 microseconds for a 5digit decimal add, and 38 microseconds for a 5-character compare. Each of these instructions is 4 microseconds shorter when two-character addresses are used and 4 microseconds longer when four-character addresses are used. Indexing or indirect addressing requires an additional 6 microseconds per modified address. Optional Features Advanced Programming: Makes six 3-character registers in core storage available as index registers which can index any 3-character or 4-character instruction address; allows indirect addressing; permits the loading of data into the control registers; permits the transfer of complete records of data within core storage by a single instruction; allows bisequence operations through the use of a consequence register; provides instructions for translating 6-bit codes (MAT), zero and adding or subtracting (ZA and ZS), branching on character equal (BCE), an extended form of the branch on character condition (BCC), a Read Reverse instruction for 204B Magnetic Tapes, the Change Address Mode instruction (for systems of 4,096 characters or less), and branching on bit equal (BBE). Instruction length is variable from one to eleven characters. Arithmetic and data movement instructions are most commonly seven characters long. Through careful placement of data, instructions can sometimes be "chained" so that a one-character instruction does the work of a seven-character one, resulting in savings in both storage space and execution time. Chaining is possible only when a series of operations is to be performed upon items of data stored in consecutive locations, so that the A- and B-Address Registers do not need to be reloaded before each instruction is executed. The H-200 uses a pure binary addressing system. In the 3-character mode, each address portion within an instruction normally consists of three characters, or 18 data bits. Fifteen bits are used to specify an address between 0 and 32,767, and the remaining three bits can specify address modification: either indirect addressing or indexing by one of the six index registers. Both indexing and indirect addressing are part of the optional Advanced Programming feature. A special instruction enables the Central Processor to switch between the three-character addressing mode and a special two-character mode. Use of two-character addresses reduces both storage space and execution time but has two significant disadvantages: only the 4,096 character positions within a single core module can be addressed and neither indexing nor indirect addressing can be used. A four-character addressing mode is used for addresses 32,768 to 65,536. This mode permits the use of 15 index registers .. Editing Instructions: All editing capabilities are optional in the H-200. The capabilities available with the option are those of the basic and Expanded Print Edit of the IBM 1401. Second Set of Eight Input-Output Trunks: permits additional peripheral units to be connected. Auxiliary Read-Write Channel: Permits a total of four simultaneous peripheral operations to occur during processing. Compatibility with the IBM 1401 Please see the detailed comparison of available instructions in the Instruction List section, page 510: 121. 100. A general review of the compatibility between the Honeywell 200 Series and the IBM 1400 Series is presented in Section 510:131. • 14 Program interrupt facilities are provided by a control memory register called the Interrupt 6/66 First Delivery: . , ••• July 1964; deliveries of the improved Model 201-2 Processors began in November 1965. (Contd. ) A AUERBACH '" 512:051. 200 CENTRAL PROCESSOR .2 PROCESSING FACILITIES • 21 Operations and Operands 0Eeration and Variation .211 Fixed point Add-subtract: Multiply: Divide: .212 Floating point Add- subtract: Multiply: Divide: .213 Boolean AND Inclusive OR: Exclusive OR: .214 Comparison: Numbers: Absolute: Letters: Mixed: Collating sequence: Provision Radix Size automatic decimal or binary decimal decimal 1 to N char. automatic automatic 1 to N char. 1 to N char. subroutine. subroutine. subroutine. automatic binary 1 to N char. none. binary 1 to N char. automatic branch on high, low, equal, unequal, or zero balance. automatic 1 to N char. none. automatic 1 to N char. automatic 1 to N char. o through 9, then A through Z, with special symbols interspersed . . 215 Code translation Provision: . . . . . . . automatic (using code table constructed by programmer). From: . . . . . . . . . . any 6-bit or 8-bit code. To: . . . . • . . . . . . . any 6-bit or 8-bit code. Size: . . . . . . • . • . . 1 to N characters. .216 Radix conversion: .•. none. Provision Comment .217 Edit format Alter size: optional feature expand but' not contract. Suppress zero: optional Round off: none Insert point: optional optional Insert spaces: Insert $, CR-*: optional Float $: optional Protection: optional .218 Table look-up: none. .219 Others SUbstitute: automatic performs binary masking Change Addressing Mode: automatic shifts between 2, 3, and 4 char addresses. Branch on Sense automatic Switches: 16 possible settings. . 22 SEecial Cases of 0Eerands . 221 Negative numbers: ... absolute value, with B zone bit in units position . . 222 Zero: . . . . . . . . . . . . positive, negative, and unsigned zeros and blanks give same result in decimal arithmetic Size 1 to N char. 1 char. but are unequal in comparisons . .223 Operand size determination: . . . . . word mark, item mark, or record mark bits in high or low order digit position. (Some instructions imply one-character operands). © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 6/66 512:051. 230 HONEYWELL 200 . 23 Instruction Formats .2:n Instruction structure: . variable; 1 to 12 characters • . 232 Instruction layout: Part: OP A or I B 1 2, 3, or 4 2, 3, or 4 Sizc (char): An instruction may consist of: (1) (2) (:l) (4) (5) OP only OP, VI OP. AorI OP, A or I, VI OP, Aorl, B (6) OP, A or I, D, VI (7) 01', A, D, VI' V 2 OP, A or I, C 1 OP, A or I, Cl, C2 (10) OP, A or I, C1 ' C 2 , (H) (9) C3 · .233 Instruction parts Name Purpose . . operation code. · address of an operand or field in core storage. I: . · location of next instruction if a branch occurs. · address of an operand or B' field in core storage. · modifier for an operation V 1 0rC 1 :·· . . . code, control field for an I/o instruction, or partial address in a translate instruction. . . . . . . . partial address in a translate instruction or control field for an I/O instruction. · control field for an I/o instruction. · 234 Basic address .2 + O. structure: .. .235 Literals Arithmetic:. . . .. . none. Comparisons and tests: . . . . . . · yes; single character. Incrementing modifiers: . . . none. Masking: . . . . . . yes; single character mask. .236 Directly addressed operands Internal storage type: . . . . . . · core. Minimum size: . · 1 character. Maximum size: . · total capacity. Volume accessible: · total capacity. · 237 Address indexing .2371 Number of methods: 1. .2373 Names: . . . . . . . . · indexing (with optional Advanced Programming feature) . .2373 Indexing rule: . . . . · addition (modulo core storage capacity). .2374 Index specification:. · Address Type Indicator first 3 bits of 18-bit operand address or first 5 bits of 24-bit operand address. · 2375 Number of potential indexers: . . . . . . . 6 or 15. OP:. A:. 6/66 VIOl' C 1 1 V2 or C 2 1 C3 1 .2376 Addresses which can be indexed: . . .. . all 3- and 4-character addresses. .2377 Cumulative indexing:. . . . . . . .. . none . . 2378 Combined index and step: . . . . . . . . . . none . . 238 Indirect addressing: .. with optional Advanced Programming feature . . 2381 Recursive: . . .. yes . .2382 Designation: . Address Type Indieatol' first 3 or 5 bits of operand address . .2383 Control: . . . . . . . direct address has no indicator bit. .2384 Indexing with indirect addressing: . yes. . 239 Stepping: . . . . . . . . . none . .24 Special Processor Storage: 16 registers in magnetic core control memory (described on page 512:051.100), plus 2 silicon-diode operand storage registers . .3 SEQUENCE CONTROL FEATURES. .31 Instruction Scquencil!.g .311 Number of sequence control facilities: .•• 1. .312 Arrangement: •••... programmer can exchange the contents of the Sequence Register and the Change Sequence Register by use of Change Sequence Mode instruction. .313 Precedence rule: . . . . programmer indicates register to be used. .314 Special sub-sequence counter: . . . . . . . . . none. .315 Sequence control step size: • . . . . . . . . 1 character. .316 Accessibility to routines: . . . . . · yes; can be loaded and stored by instructions. .317 Permanent or optional modifier: . . . . . · no. .32 Look-Ahead: . .33 Interrupt .331 Possible causes In-out units: . . . . · none. · ready to transfer one unit of data (character or record) . In-out controllers: . · yes. Storage access: ... · cannot initiate interrupts. Processor errors: . · cannot initiate interrupts. (Contd.) A AUERBACH '" 512:051. 332 CENTRAL PROCESSOR · 332 Control by routine: ••• yes. .333 Operator control: •••• operator can initiate I/O interrupt from console. . 3:14 Interruption conditions: execution of current instruction is completed. • :1:15 Interruption process Registers saved: ... contents of sequence regis ter and interrupt register are automatically interchang'ed; address rcgister and indicator settings are automatically saved and restored. Destination: . . . . . . fixed location (contents of Interrupt Register). · 34 Multiprogramming: ••• Change Sequence Mode instruction facilitates switching control between two programs. • 35 Multisequencing:... .4 PROCESSOR SPEEDS none. All execution times listed here are based on use of the 3-character addressing modes; most instructions are 4 microseconds shorter in the 2-character addressing mode, and 4 microseconds longer in the 4-character addressing mode. D = operand length in decimal digits. C = operand length in characters. . 41 Instruction Times in Microseconds .411 Fixed point Add-subtract: Decimal: . . . . . . . 18 + 6D. Binary: . . . . . . . . 16 + 6C. Multiply: . . . . . . . 24 + 14D2; where the multiplier and multiplicand are both D digits in length. Divide: . . . . . . . . . 49 + 59D + 30D 2 ; where the dividend is twice as long as the divisor (D = no. of digits in divisor) . . 412 Floating point (performed by subroutines) Add-subtract: . . . . . 1,440. Multiply: . . . . . . . . 5,460. Divide: . . . . . . . . . 9,820. .413 Additional allowance for Indexing: . . . . . . . . 6 per modified address. Indirect addressing: 6 per stage. Re-complementing: 4D. .414 ControlCompare: . . . . . . . . 18 + 4D. Branch: . . . . • . . . . 14. .415 Couuter control: . . . . none. .416 Edit: . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 + 14C. .416 Convert: . . . . . . . . . . none. . 418 Shift: . . . . . . . . . . . . none. .42 Processor Performance in Microseconds . 421 For random addresses (fixed point) c = a + b: Decimal: . . . . . . . 34 + 10D. Binary: . . . . . . . . 32 + 10C. b = a + b: Decimal: .... Binary: . .. . . . . Sum N items: Decimal: . . . . . . . Binary: . . . . . . . . c = ab: . . . . . . . . . . c = alb: . . . . . . . . . .422 For arrays of data c.=ai+ b .: With indJxing: . . . . Without indexing: .. bj = ai + br With indexing: . . . . Without indexing: .. Sum N items: . . . . . c = c + aibj: . . . . . . 18 + 6D. 16 + 6C . (18 + 6D)N. (16 + 6C)N. 40 + 18D + 14D2. 83 + 71 + 30D2. 150 -I- 10D. 182 + 10D. 122 + 6D. 120 -I- 6D. (92 + 6D)N. 168 + 30D -I- 14D2 .423 Branch based on comparison Numeric data: .. . 168 -I- 4D. Alphabetic data:. .168 +4C . .424 SwitchingUnchecked: . . . . . . . 156; 96 with optional feature . Checked: . . . . . . . . 228; 96 with optional feature. List search: . . . . . . 126 -I- (110 + 4D)N. .425 Format control per character Unpack: . . . . .. .. 5. 8 Compose: . . . . . . . . 8.6 (with optional Editing Instruction) . .426 Table look-up per comparison For a match: . . . . . . 106 -I- 4C . For least or greatest:112.8 + 4.4C. For interpolation point: . . . . . . . . . . 106 + 4C. .427 Bit indicators Set bit in separate location: . . . . . . . . Set bit in pattern: . . . Test bit in separate location: . . . . . . . . Test bit in pattern: .. .428 Moving: . . . . . . . . . . .5 20. 22. 36. 58. 16 -I- 4C. ERRORS, CHECKS, AND ACTION Error Overflow: Zero divisor: Check or Interlock Invalid operation: check overflow check validity check check Arithmetic error: Invalid address: none. limit check Receipt of data: Dispatch of data: parity check send parity bit. Invalid data: © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. Action set indicator. set indicator. stop with error indication . stop with error indication . set indicator. 6/66 - 512:111. 101 A"""" AEDP AUERBAC~ HONEYWELL 200 SIMULTANEOUS OPERATIONS urORTS ~ SIMULTANEOUS OPERATIONS The Honeywell 200 can control three or four input-output operations concurrently with internal processing, as described below. (1) Computation within the central processor continues at all times, except during the individual 2-microsecond cycles required for each unit of data transferred between core storage and any peripheral unit. (2) In addition, in every Honeywell 200 system, any three of the peripheral data transfer operations listed in Table I (over) can proceed at one time (one on each read-write channel) in addition to the continuing central processor operation. Lengths of the start time, data transmission time, and stop time are shown for each operation, along with its demands upon the central processor (CP) and the selected channel. (3) If the optional Auxiliary Read-Write Channel is added, one additional simultaneous data transfer operation can occur, provided that the data transfer rates on both Channell and the Auxiliary Read-Write Channel are "comparatively undemanding." Input-output units which do allow both Channel 1 and the Auxiliary Channel to operate in parallel include the Model 227 Card Punch, Model 223 Card Reader, Model 224 Card Punch, Model 214 Card Units, any magnetic tape units operating at under 45,000 characters per second, and the paper tape equipment. (4) The capability to read from one tape unit and write simultaneously on another tape unit connected to the same Tape Control Unit is provided in all 204B Series (one-half inch) Magnetic Tape Units except the 204B-ll and -12, but not in the 204A Series (three-quarter inch) tapes. © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 6/66 HONEYWELL 200 512:111.102 TAllLE I - SIMULTANEOUS OPERATIONS OPERATION msec. 150 214 Card Reader 2 H Card Punch 150-600 Data Transmission Start Time Cycle 'Iinle, CP Channel Use Use Time, msec. 20.0 0 Yes Stop Time CP Use Channel Use 55.0 0.1% Yes 75.0 0 No <0.1% Yes 92.5 0 No 7.5 0 Yes 6.25n 1:1.0 0 Yes 46 Time, msec. CP Channel Use Use Time, msec. 0.2% Yes 16 0 No 224-1 Card Punch 335-1210 6.2 0 Yes 12.5n <0.1% Yes 210 0 No 22'1-2 Card Punch 22:1-660 3.0 0 Yes 6.25n 0.1% Yes 160 0 No 22:1 Card Reader 75 227 Card Reador 75 21 to 46 0 Yes 44 9.0% Ycs 10 0 No 227 Card Punch 240 42 to 102 0 Yes 176 1.0% Yes 22 0 No 222-1, -2, -3 Printor (51character set) 92+5LS 0 - - 75 17.0% Yes 17+5LS 0 No 222-4 Printer (46character set) 6:1+5LS 0 - 46 24.0% Yes 17+5LS 0 No 222-5 Printer (63character set) 1:13+5LS 0 - - 116 13.0% Yes 17+5LS 0 No 209 Paper Tape Reader 2.0 ? 0 Yes Var. 0.1% Yes ? 0 No 210 Paper Tape Punch 8.3 ? 0 Yes Var. <0.1% Yes ? 0 No a - - 204A-1 Magnetic Tape, - 11.0 a 0 Yes Val'. 6.4% Yes 0 204A-2 Magnetic Tape, 64KC - r.: r.: a <>.<> 0 Yes Val'. 12.8% Yes Oa - - 204A-3 Magnetic Tape, 89KC - r.: r.::: <>.<> a 0 Yes Var. 17.8% Yes Oa - - 204ll-1, -2 Magnetic Tape, 20KC - 12.5 a 0 Yes Var. 4.0% Yes Oa - - 204ll-3, -4 Magnetic Tape, 44KC - 7 .<>r.:t 0 Yes Var. 8.8% Yes Oa - - 204ll-5 Magnetic Tape, 67KC - 5.8a 0 Yes Var. 13.4% Yes Oa - - 204ll-7 Magnetic Tape, 29KC - 20.0a 0 Yes Var. 5.6% Yes Oa - - 204ll-8 Magnetic Tape, 64KC - 7 .<>r. a 0 Yes Var. 12.8% Yes Oa - - 204ll-11, -12 Magnetic Tape, 13KC - 18.7 a 0 Yes Val'. 2.7% Yes Oa - - 25.0 0 Yes Var. 20.4% Yes 0 - - 95 avo 0 Yes Var. 20% Yes - 0 No 0 No 0 No :l~KC 270 Random Access Drum 251 Mass Memory 16.7 252 Mass Memory 16.7 150 avo 0 Yes Var. 20% Yes 253 Mass Memory 16.7 225 avo 0 Yes Var. 20% Yes a b LS n Var. 6/66 Cross-gap time for short gap (replaces start and stop times). For the character mode; time for the record mode is variable. Number of lines skipped between successive printed lines. Number of characters punched. Data transmission time varies with record length. fA AUERBACH 0, 512:201. 001 A STAManD AUERBACH HONEYWELL 200 SYSTEM PERFORMANCE R[PGlts ~ SYSTEM PERfORMANCE GENERALIZED FILE PROCESSING (512:201.100) These problems involve updating a master file from information in a detail file and producing a printed record of each transaction. This application is one of the most common commercial data processing jobs and is fully described in Section 4:200.1 of the Users' Guide. Standard File Problems A, B, and C vary the record sizes in the master file. Standard Problem D increases the amount of computation performed upon each transaction. Each problem is estimated for activity factors (ratios of number of detail records to number of master records) of zero to unity. In all cases a uniform distribution of activity is assumed. The graphs for the Honeywell 200 are unusual in that there are three general purpose read-write channels, permitting any three peripheral operations to occur simultaneously with central processor functions. (A fourth read-write channel is optional, and is used in standard System Configuration IV.) Since there are four peripheral units in use in System Configurations II, m, and IV, the units were assigned to the read-write channels in such a manner as to minimize overall processing time. In Configuration I, the master and detail input files are on the card reader. The output files are on the card punch (updated master file) and printer (report file). For Problems A, B, C, and D, the card punch is always the controlling factor on overall processing time. In Configurations II, III, and IV, the master files are on magnetic tape. The detail file is assigned to the card reader and the report file to the printer. The curves for Configuration II for all problems show that the printer is the controlling factor at high and moderate activities, while the two master-file tapes (which are connected to a single-channel 203B-5 Tape Control) control at lower activities. In Problem A, the times at high and moderate activities for Configuration III are controlled by the printer. At lower activities, the two magnetic tape units assigned to one readwrite channel become the controlling factor (the higher horizontal line on Graph 512:201.100). When the activity becomes low enough so that the combined times for the printer and card reader become less than the combined time for the tapes, the printer and card reader are assigned to one channel and the two tapes are assigned to two separate channels (the sloping straight line). Near zero activity, the combined times for the printer and card reader become less than the time for each tape, so a single tape unit becomes the controlling factor (the lower horizontalline). The curves for Problems Band D (Graph 512:201.130) can be explained in the same way. The curves for Configuration IV in Problems A through C have the same general slope as those for Configuration III, even though Configuration IV has the auxiliary readwrite channel. Because of the higher speed of the tape units used in this configuration, it cannot use the auxiliary channel to advantage in the Standard File Processing Problem. Due to the Honeywell 200's relatively high internal speed and simultaneity, the graph for Problem D (with trebled computation) is identical to the graph for Problem A. SORTING (512:201. 200) The standard estimate for sorting BO-character records by straightforward merging on magnetic tape was developed from the time for Standard File Problem A by the method explained in Paragraph 4:200.213 of the Users' Guide. A two-way merge was used in System Configuration II (which has only four magnetic tape units) and a three-way merge in Configurations III and IV. The results are shown in Graph 512:201. 200. Because of the Honeywell 200's ability to overlap magnetic tape reading, writing, and computation in Configurations III and IV, its performance on the Sorting program (as on the Standard File Problems at low activities) is significantly better than that of several other computers in its price class which do not possess suchan overlap feature. MATRIX INVERSION AND GENERALIZED MATHEMATICAL PROCESSING It is not possible to install automatic floating-point arithmetic operations in the Honeywell 200 Processor; therefore, these two mathematically-oriented standard problems have not been coded for the Honeywell 200. © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 6/66 HONEYWELL 200 51 2: 20 1. 0 11 W()IlKSIIE~:T DATA TABLE I (STANDAHI> FlU: I'IHlBU:M A) CON FIGlffiA TION ITEM Chal'/block (Filt> 1) H(l m I,OHO I,IIMO 10 10 II) ml.7 !J~.!i 23.5 (File I) ~~~ ~:I___. - FiI,' 4 InputOutput 1l1":;l'e/switdl REFF.TIENCE IT 7:I/l:;H IV I,OHO - - -7!i- - - - - -7;'- - - - - - - - - - -75- 7:) -- -- ---- -- - - I~!} - - - - -H4- - - :)4 I::!!) II {) () () 0 () () ~I~-=-- - - - - - o Filt~ :! ---------- r----- 4:200. ll2 ----- ---- - - - - - 0- - - - - - -c..---Il n 0 TillH'H File 4 ~l~_~ _ _ _ _ 11_,1_ _ - - ; _ ~~_ _ _ _ ~ ~ ________ __ ~ ___. _ I - ___O_.:_I_ _ t--- ~ File 4 ()~ 11.0 --r---- 11.0 11.0 _ ~ _____o,-,=--_______0_.2 _ 11.0 TlUH'c/block ~ mscl~/rCC()rd ~ _ _. _ _ _ _ _ 1._1_ _ PZ'ol'cssor mscc/dctail ~---.-----O.-2--.-t__~-I_----().~ _ _ _ ~ _ Ti 111 l'S mscc/work ~ ________ !i._"_ _ b7 'bH 1.:1 Central msec/rcport al V--- System l'l'Ji'ormanc(' at F t. n mseclblock for C.P. and dominant column. 'a}r--- Fil(~lMilstcrln C.P. 0.:1 - I - ___0._:1_ _ _ _ _ _ ~. t--- __1_.1_. - I - - _ _ _1.1_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _1_._I ~ 1.:1 t-- Punch C.P. Spal't' Required Printer 2.2 C.P. Printer 0 .. -r----n:-o 2.2 -().~f--l:(i ---:;.~f---lTil.Il Total Stol'age C.P. 0.:1 -m::;-- - ~2.U-+-- - 2.2 ~Mastcro;;t().~f- ~~-I---- -~2-t---- --2.~1- ~Dclails Unit of Measure 1.:1 1.3 Printer 0.3 'Filc4 ~ - 4::Wn.114 1-----~(;-1----~.6-+-~ -lJD.i)- T,2i)(.-----wLO---~()1,2!)() 19H. H 11), 2 4:21)0.11:12 - I - - ~ _ ' - _ _ _ "~ -O~ - - - r- IO.li· - I - - -11ll.:,--1- -:LS- , - - - ~ - I - - -f--- 0.1 _ _ 1.2!H) HIM.S WH. H H40 (character) sw. routines 100 ~I--------IH ~ 2,250 2.25() ~)CkS 110 2:l) -- ~()cks 24 t~ ---:!,m--I-- ~4--- -f_ 1-'--'--- -'--'-1---- - - ---1-1l2--- - - -rn --- --- ~ 2,:1:14 -----2-,:I~ -r-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ~ _ _ _ _ ~ _ _ _72_0_ _ _' _ 1 - - WOl'king 2,2!iO 1 - - - - -1-8- - - - - 1 - 8 - - - - - - I H - ~,5fjO I ()H 1 IlH J OM 7, HH2 ItI.(J"~ 10.042 tl Total _ _ _ _4_,7~ _ _ ~ 4:~OO. 1151 _ (Contd.) 6/66 A AUERBACH ® 5t2:201. toO SYSTEM PERFORMANCE .1 GENERALIZED FILE PROCESSING • 11 Standard File Problem A • 111 Record sizes Master file: •••••. Detail file: ••••••• Report file: ••••..• . 112 Computation: .•..••. .113 "Timmg basis: •••... using estimating procedure outlined in Users' Guide, 4:200.113 • .114 Graph: ••••••••••. see graph below . . 115 Storage space required Configuration 1; • • • • 3, 522 characters. Configuration II: ... 7,882 characters. Configuration III: ••. 10, 042 characters. Configuration IV: ... 10,042 characters . 108 characters. 1 card. " 1 line. standard. 1,000.0 7 2 / 513:031. 200 SYSTEM CONFIGURATION .2 4-TAPE BUSINESS SYSTEM; CONFIGURATION n Deviations from Standard Configuration: ...••••. . card reader is 60% faster. printer is 30% faster. ability to overlap input-output operations with internal processing is standard. Multiply-Divide is standard. Equipment Rental* 1201-1 Processor and Console with 16,384 characters of Core Storage $2,665 223 Card Reader and Control: 800 cards/min 310 208-1 Card Punch Control 214-1 Card Punch: 100 fully-punched cards/min 155 310 222-3 Printer and Control: 650 lines/min (120 print positions) 925 203B-5 Tape Control Unit 204B-ll and-12 Magnetic Tape Units (4): 13,300 char/sec 310 Optional Features Included: . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . none. TOTAL RENTAL: * 970 $5,645 The rental prices quoted are for a one-year monthly rental base term agreement. The same configuration with a five-year rental agreement leases for $5,105 per month. © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 6/66 513:031. 300 .3 HONEYWELL 1200 6-TAPE BUSINESS SYSTEM; CONFIGURATION III Deviations from Standard Configuration: . . . . . • • • . card reader is 60% faster. printer is 30% faster. console typewriter input is included. ability to read and write magnetic tape simultaneously is standard. Equipment Rental* 1201-1 Processor with 16,384 characters of Core Storage $2,665 223 Card Reader and Control: 800 cards/min 310 208-1 Card Punch Control 214-1 Card Punch: 100 fully-punched cards/min 155 310 222-3 Printer and Control: 650 lines/min (120 print positions) 925 203B-4 Tape Control Unit 204B-7 Magnetic Tape Units (6): 28,800 char/sec (800 bpi) 220-3 Console (includes Teleprinter) 435 2,460 310 Optional Features Included: ••..••••••........ none. TOTAL RENTAL: $7,570 * The rental prices quoted are for a one-year monthly rental base term agreement. The same configuration with a five-year rental agreement leases for $6,835 per month. /' I 6/66 A (Contd.) AUERBACH '" SYSTEM CONFIGURATION .4 513:031. 400 12-TAPE BUSINESS SYSTEM; CONFIGURATION IV Deviations from Standard Configuration: . . . • • . . . . card reader is 20% slower. card punch is up to 50% slower. Equipment Rental* 1201-2 Processor with 32,768 characters of Core Storage $ 3,485 223 Card Reader and Control: 800 cards/min 310 208-1 Card Punch Control 214-1 Card Punch: 100 fully-punched cards/min 155 310 222-4 Printer and Control: 950 lines/min (120 print positions) 1,305 _~"'"''-',/ 203B-4 Tape Control Unit 204B-8 Magnetic Tape Units (6): 64,000 char/sec 435 3,690 _~:.L.~'/ 203B-4 Tape Control Unit 204B-8 Magnetic Tape Units (6): 64,000 char/sec 435 3,690 220-3 Console (includes Teleprinter) 310 Optional Features Included: ...•.••••..••.••.. none. TOTAL RENTAL: $14,125 * The rental prices quoted are for a one-year monthly rental base term agreement. The same configuration with a five-year rental agreement leases for $12,755 per month. © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. . 6/66 513:031. 500 .5 HONEYWELL 1200 6-TAPE AUXILIARY STORAGE SYSTEM; CONFIGURATION V Deviations from Standard Configuration: . . . . . . . . . card reader is 60% faster. printer is 30% faster. console typewriter input is included. ability to read and write magnetic tape simultaneously is standard. Equipment Rental* 250 Card Mass Memory Control 251 Card Mass Memory File: 15,000,000 char; access time 95 msec (av) $ 1201-1 Processor with 16,384 characters of Core Storage 335 670 2,665 223 Card Reader and Control: 800 cards/min 310 208-1 Card Punch Control 214-1 Card Punch: 100 fully-punched cards/min 155 310 222-3 Printer and Control: 650 lines/min (120 print positions) 925 203B-4 Tape Control Unit 204B-7 Magnetic Tape Units (6): 28,800 char/sec (800 cpi) 220-3 Console (includes Teleprinter) 435 2,460 310 Optional Features Included: . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . none. TOTAL RENTAL: $8,575 ./ * The rental prices quoted are for a one-year monthly rental base term agreement. The same configuration with a five-year rental agreement leases for $7,735 per month. 6/66 (Contd. ) A AUERBACH '" 513:031. 600 SYSTEM CONFIGURATION .6 6-TA.PE BUSINESS/SCIENTIFIC SYSTEM; CONFIGURATION VI Deviations from Standard Configuration:. . . . . • . . . . card reader is 60% faster. printer is 30% faster. console typewriter input is included. ability to read and write magnetic tape simultaneously is standard. Equipment Rental* 1201-4 Processor with 65, 536 characters of Core Storage $4,870 223 Card Reader and Control: 800 cards/min 310 208-1 Card Punch Control 214-1 Card Punch: 100 fully-punched cards/min 155 310 222-3 Printer and Control: 650 lines/min (120 print positions) 925 203B-4 Tape Control Unit 204B-7 Magnetic Tape Units (6): 28,800 char/sec (800 cpi) 425 2,460 220-3 Console (includes Teleprinter) 310 Optional Features Included: . . . . . • . . . . . . • . . . . • Scientific Unit TOTAL RENTAL: 310 $10,085 * The rental prices quoted are for a one-year monthly rental base term agreement. The same configuration with a five-year rental agreement leases for $9,105 per month. ( \" © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 6/66 HONEYWELL 1200 513:031. 700 .7 10-TAPE GENERAL SYSTEM (INTEGRATED); CONFIGURATION VIlA Deviations from Standard Configuration: ••. . • . • . . card reader is 60% faster. printer is 30% faster. Equipment Rental* 1201-6 Processor with 98,304 characters of Core Storage $ 5,740 220-3 Console (includes typewriter and direct control) 310 222-3 Printer and Control (120 print positions); 650 lines/min 925 223 Card Reader and Control: 800 lines/min 310 20.8-1 Card Punch Control 214-1 Card Punch: 100 fully-punched cards/min 155 310 203B-4 Tape Control Unit 204B-8 Magnetic Tape Units (5): 64,000 char/sec 435 3,075 203B-4 Tape Control Unit 204B-8 Magnetic Tape Units (5): 64,000 char/sec 435 3,075 Optional Features Included: • • • • • • . . . . . . . . • . . . Scientific Unit TOTAL RENTAL 310 $15,080 * The rental prices quoted are for a one-year monthly rental base term agreement. The same configuration with a five-year rental agreement leases for $13,615 per month. 6/66 A (Contd.) AUERBACH '" 513:031. 800 SYSTEM CONFIGURATION .8 10-T.APE GENERAL SYSTEM (PAmED): CONFIGURATION VIIB Deviations from Standard Configuration: ••••.•.•• card reader is 700% faster. direct connection to satellite system. Equipment Rental* 1201-4 Processor and Console with 65,536 characters of Core Storage $4,870 223 Card Reader and Control: 800 cards/min 203B-4 Tape Control Unit 204B-8 Magnetic Tape Units (8): 64,000 char/sec 310 435 4,920 220-3 Console (includes Teleprinter and direct control) 310 212-1 On-Line Adapter Unit (for connection to H-120) 410 To Satellite System (next page) Optional Features Included: . . . . • • . • . • . . . . • . . . Scientific Unit TOTAL ON-LINE EQUIPMENT: TOTAL SATELLITE EQUIPMENT: TOTAL RENTAL: * 310 11,565 3,560 $15,125 The rental prices quoted are for a one-year monthly rental base term agreement. The same configuration with a five-year rental agreement leases for $13,675 per month. © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 6/66 HONEYWELL 1200 513:031. 801 •8 CONFIGURATION VIIB (Contd.) SATELLITE EQIDPMENT (Honeywell 120) Deviations from Standard Configuration: .•••••.•. card reader is 20% slower. ability to overlap printing and one input-output operation with computing is standard. console typewriter input is included. 6 index registers. Equipment Rental 121-2 Central Processor and Console with 4,096 character positions of Core Storage $1,000 I/O Adapter (Non-Simultaneous) 214-2 Card Reader/Punch: Reads: 400 cards/min Punches: 100-400 cards/min 155 360 203B-4 Tape Control Unit 204B-7 Magnetic Tape Units (2) 435 820 122 Printer: 450 lines/min (120 print positions) 510 220-1 Console (includes Teleprinter) 205 Optional Features Included: . . . . . • . . . • • . . . . • . . Advanced Programming Edit Instruction 75 50 To H-1200 System (previous page) TOTAL SATELLITE EQIDPMENT $3,560 /' 6/66 IA AUERBACH '" A. fA AUERDAC~ - • 513:051. 100 srmm E]IJ)lF' HONEYWELL 1200 CENTRAL PROCESSOR upons CENTRAL PROCESSOR .1 GENERAL . 11 Identity:......... . 12 Central Processor. Models 1201-1 through 1201-12. Description The Model 1201 Central Processor performs all arithmetic and logical functions in a Honeywell 1200 system under control of the internally stored program. The Central Processor consists of five basic functional units: the main memory, the control memory, the control unit, the arithmetic unit, and the input-output traffic control. (8) Read-Write Channel 2 - Starting Location Counter • (9) Read-Write Channel 3 - Present Location Counter. (10) Read-Write Channel 3 - Starting Location Counter. (11) Auxiliary R/W Channel - Present Location Counter. (12) Auxiliary R/W Channel - Starting Location Counter. (13) Interrupt Register. The main memory consists of from 16,384 to 131,072 alphameric character positions 'of core storage and is fully described in Section 510:041. Cycle time is 1. 5 microseconds per one-character access. (14) Internal Interrupt Register (used with the Storage Protect Feature). Each character position consists of six data bits, one parity bit, and two punctuation bits. The punctuation bits can be used to indicate a word mark, an item mark, or a record mark, which define the length of a data field or instruction, an item, or a record, respectively. An "item" consists of a group of consecutive data fields. (The IBM 1400 series computers utilize only one punctuation bit - the "word mark" bit - and each record mark occupies an entire character position. The two punctuation bits used in the Series 200 will decrease data storage requirements and provide increased flexibility in data movement operations. The optional Extended Move instruction, for example, can be terminated by a word mark, an item mark, or a record mark, as specified by the programmer.) (17) Work Register 3. The control memory is a small magnetic core storage unit with an access time of 0.25 microsecond and a cycle time of 0.50 microsecond. It holds up to 29 basic control registers. Each register either stores the address of one character position in the main memory or functions as part of the Scientific Unit (see "Optional Features" on the following page). Instructions are provided to load and store the contents of each of these registers. The 29 basic control registers have the following functions: (1) A-Address Register. (2) B-Address Register. (3) Sequence Register. (4) Change Sequence Register. (5) Read-Write Channell - Present Location Counter. (6) Read-Write Channell - Starting Location Counter. (7) Read-Write Channel 2 - Present Location Counter. (15) Work Register 1. (16) Work Register 2. (18- 29) Scientific Unit (Feature 1100). The control unit controls the sequential selection, interpretation, and execution of all stored program instructions and checks for correct (odd) parity whenever a character is moved from one location to another. It also provides for communication with the operator's Control Panel described in Section 510:061. The arithmetic unit executes all arithmetic and logical operations. It consists of an adder that can perform both decimal and binary arithmetic and two one-character operand storage registers. The Honeywell 1200 is baSically a two-address, addto-storage system. All operations are performed serially by character and terminated when specific punctuation bit configurations are sensed. This means that operand sizes are fully variable and are limited only by the amount of core storage available to hold them. The input-output traffic control directs the timesharing of accesses to the main memory by the various peripheral devices and the Central Processor. Up to four input-output operations can occur simultaneously with internal processing. Three readwrite channels and an auxiliary channel are included in the basic Honeywell 1200 system. The auxiliary channel alternates with read/write channell, and is interlocked when the Model 227 Card Reader, any printer, the drum, a mass storage unit, or a magnetic tape unit with a speed of over 45KC is operating on channel!. Highly significant is the fact that the programmer can maximize the utilization of the read-write channels by selecting anyone of the channels to serve any input-output device; there is no need for permanent assignment of each peripheral device to a specific channel, as in many competitive systems. All peripheral devices can use any core storage areas of appropriate size as input-output areas. © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 6/66 513:051. 120 .12 HONEYWELL 1200 Description (Contd.) Program Interrupt capabilities are provided by two control memory Interrupt Registers and a singlecharacter instruction called Resume Normal Mode (RNM). The Interrupt Registers (IR) are under programmer control; i. e., any particular memory address can be loaded into an IR. When the Central Processor receives a demand from an external device or a notification of a memory barricade violation, pertinent arithmetic and control indicators are automatically stored, and the contents of the sequence register and an IR are exchanged. This action results in a transfer of control to the instruction indicated by the previous contents of the IR. Demand on the Central Processor for most peripheral operations is only 1. 5 microseconds per character transferred to or from core storage. The processor is well suited to general data manipulation. Editing, multiplication, diviSion, indexing, indirect addressing, and full-record data movement capabilities are all standard in the Honeywell 1200. Binary addition and subtraction, logical AND, exclusive OR, and masking instructions are also standard. The Move and Translate instruction uses a 64-character translation table to translate any number of consecutive characters from one 6-bit code to another. Handling of 8-bit codes is also provided. When the RNM instruction is executed, all the pertinent address registers, indicators, etc., are automatically restored to their normal condition (i. e., their status prior to the interrupt), and control reverts to the sequence register. Instruction length is variable from one to eleven characters. Arithmetic and data movement instructions are most commonly seven characters long. Through careful placement of data, instructions can sometimes be "chained" so that a one-character instruction does the work of a seven-character one, resulting in savings in both storage space aJ;ld execution time. Chaining is possible only when a series of operations is to be performed upon items of data stored in consecutive locations, so that the A- and B-Address Registers do not need to be reloaded before each instruction is executed. The Honeywell 1200 uses a pure binary addressing system. In the 3-character mode, each address portion within an instruction normally consists of three characters, or 18 data bits. Fifteen bits are used to specify an address between 0 and 32,767, and the remaining three bits can specify address modification: either indirect addressing or indexing by one of the six index registers. A special instruction enables the Central Processor to switch betweeil the three-character addressing mode and a special two-character mode. Use of two-character addresses reduces both storage space and execution time but has two significant disadvantages: only the 4,096 character positions within a single core module can be addressed, and neither indexing nor indirect addressing can be used. A four-character addressing mode is used for addresses 32,768 to 131,072. Fifteen index registers can be used in the 4-character mode. .2 PROCESSING FACILITIES .21 Operations and Operands Operation and Variation .211 Fixed point Add-subtract: Multiply: Divide: .212 Floating point Add-subtract: Multiply: Divide: * Typical instruction execution times (using the three-character addressing mode) are 27 microseconds for a 5-character move, 35 microseconds for a 5-digit decimal add, and 29 microseconds for a 5-character compare. Each of these instructions is 3 microseconds shorter when two-character addresses are used and 3 microseconds longer when four-character addresses are used. Indexing or indirect addressing requires an additional 4. 5 microseconds per modified address. Optional Features Storage Protect: Protects the contents of one designated memory area against accidental reference or alteration by unrelated programs; provides 15 additional index registers for use by programs inside the protected area. Scientific Unit: Provides instructions for floatingpoint operations and decimal-binary radix conversions. Optional Instruction Package: up control facilities. Provides table look- Instruction Compatibility with the IBM 1401 and 1410 Please see the detailed comparison of instruction codes in the Instruction List section, page 510:121.100. A general discussion of the compatibility between the Honeywell Series 200 and the IBM 1401/1410 is presented in Section 510:131. .14 First Delivery: . . . . . February 1966 . Provision Radix Size automatic 1 to N char. automatic automatic decimal or binary decimal decimal automatic * automatic* automatic* binary binary binary 36 & 12 bits. 36 & 12 bits. 36 & 12 bits. 1 to N char. 1 to N char. with optional Scientific Unit. (Contd.) 6/66 A AUERBACH '" 513:051. 213 CENTRAL PROCESSOR Operation and Variation Radix Provision .213 BooleanAND Inclusive OR: Exclusive OR: .214 Comparison: Numbers: Absolute: Letters: Mixed: Collating sequence: automatic binary 1 to N char. none. automatic binary 1 to N char. branch on high, low, equal, unequal, or zero balance. automatic 1 to N char. none. automatic 1 to N char. automatic 1 to N char. o through 9, then A through Z, with special symbols interspersed. . 215 Code translation Provision: ....•. automatic (using code table constructed by programmer). From: . . . . . . . . . any 6-bit or 8-bit code. To: . . . . . . . . • . . any 6-bit or 8-bit code. Size: .•.....••. 1 to N characters . . 216 Radix conversion Provision: . . . . . . automatic (with optional Scientific Unit). From: . . . . . . . . . binary or decimal. To: . . . . . . . • • . . decimal or binary. .217 Edit format Alter size: Suppress zero: Round off: Insert point: Insert spaces: Insert $, CR-*: Float $: Protection: • 218 Table look-up: . 219 Others Substitute: . 22 Provision Comment automatic expand but not contract. automatic none. 1 to N char. automatic automatic automatic automatic automatic automatic (with Optional Instruction Package) . automatic performs binary masking Change Addressing Mode: automatic shifts between 2, 3, and 4 char addresses. Branch on Sense Switches: automatic 16 possible settings . . 223 Operand size determination: . . . . . word mark, item mark, or record mark bits in high or low order digit position. (Some instructions imply one-character operands). .23 Instruction Formats Special Cases of Operands .221 Negative numbers: ... absolute value, with B zone bit in units position. .222 Zero: . . . . . . . • . . . pOSitive, negative, and unsigned zeros and blanks give same result in decimal arithmetic but are unequal in comparisons. OP Part Size (char): 1 A or I 2, 3, or 4 1 char. .231 Instruction structure: . variable; 1 to 12 characters. .232 Instruction layout: B VI or C1 V2 or C2 C3 2, 3, or 4 1 1 1 © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 6/66 HONEYWELL 1200 513:051. 232 .232 Instruction layout (Contd.) An instruction may consist of: (1) OP only (2) OP, VI (3) OP, A or I (4) OP, A or I, VI (5) OP, A or I, B (6) OP, (7) OP, (8) OP, (9) OP, (10) OP, C3· A or I, B, VI A, B, VI, V2 A or I, C1 A or I, C1, C2 A or I, C1, C2, .233 Instruction parts Name Purpose OP: .••••..•.•..• operation code. A: •.•••.••••••.• address of an operand or field in core storage. I: ••••••..••.•.• location of next instruction if a branch occurs. B: •••••••••••••• address of an operand or field in core storage. V1 or C1: •.••••.• modifier for an operation code, control field for an I/O instruction, or partial address in a translate instruction. V2 or C2: •.••..••• partial address in a translate instruction or control field for an I/O instruction. C3: .•..••..••... control field for an I/O instruction. .234 Basic address structure: .2 + O. • 235 LiteralsArithmetic: . . . . . . none. Comparisons and tests: •••••••.. yes; single character. Incrementing modifiers: •..•.. none. Masking: ..•••••. yes, single character mask. . 236 Directly addressed operands Internal storage type: .•..•...•• core. Minimum size: .••• 1 character. Maximum size: •••. total capacity. Volume accessible: . total capacity. • 237 Address indexing . 2371 Number of methods: . 1. .2372 Name: . . . . . . . . . . indexing. . 2373 Indexing rule: . . . . . addition (modulo core storage capacity). .2374 Index specification: .. Address Type Indicator first 3 bits of 18 -bit operand address or first 5 bits of 24-bit operand address. .2375 Number of potential indexers: .••.... 15. .2376 Addresses which can be indexed: . . . . . . all 3- and 4-character addresses . . 2377 Cumulative indexing: . . • . . . . . . . . none. .2378 Combined index and step: . . . . . . . . . . none. .238 Indirect addressing: .. yes. .2381 Recursive: . . . . . . . yes. .2382 Designation: • . . . . . Address Type Indicator first 3 bits or 5 bits of operand address. .2383 Control: . . . • . . . . . direct address has no indicator bit. .2384 Indexing with indirect addressing: • yes. .239 Stepping: . . . . . . . . . none. .24 Special Processor Storage (see tables below.) .3 SEQUENCE CONTROL FEATURES .31 Instruction Sequencing .311 Number of sequence control facilities: ..• 1 · 312 Arrangement: . . . . . . programmer can exchange the the contents of the sequence and change sequence registers by use of Change Sequence Mode instruction. .313 Precedence rule: ...• programmer indicates register to he used . · 314 Special sub-sequence counters: • . . . . . . • none. .315 Sequence control step size: . • • . . . . . . . . 1 character. .316 Accessibility to routines: . . . . . . . . . yes; can be loaded and stored by instructions • · 317 Permanent or optional modifier: • . . . . . . • no . · 32 Look-Ahead: . • . . . . . none. Number of locations Size in characters Control memory: 16 48 Arithmetic unit: 2 1 Scientific Unit: 12 32 .241 Category of storage . 242 Category of storage Control memory: Arithmetic unit: Total num her of locations Physical form magnetic core silicon diodes 16 2 Program usage address registers, read/write counters, interrupt register. operand storage registers (not accessible to programmer). floating-point registers. Access time, ~ Cycle time, ~ 0.25 0.50 0.50 1. 00 (Contd. ) 6/66 A AUERBACH '" 513:051. 330 CENTRAL PROCESSOR · 33 Interruption .418 Shift: 10.5 + O. 375N (optional binary mantissa shift); where N = number of bits shifted. · 331 Possible causes In-out units: . . .. . 332 .333 · :l3-! .335 .34 . 35 .4 .41 .411 .412 . 413 .414 .415 . 416 . 417 . ready to transfer one unit of data (character or .42 Processor Performance in Microseconds record). Fixed point Floating point Storage access: ... · Storage Protection interrupt. Processor errors: . · Storage Protection interrupt. .421 For random addresses Control by routine: . · yes. c = a + b: Operator control: . . . · operator can initiate I/O Decimal: . . . 25.5 + 7.5D interrupt from console. Binary: .24.0 + 7.5C 84 . b = a + b: Interruption conditions: execution of current instruction is completed. Decimal: 13.5 + 4. 5D Interruption process Binary: . 12.0 + 4. 5C 84 . Registers saved: . . . contents of sequence regisSum N items: ter and an interrupt regisDecimal:. .. (13.5 + 4. 5D)N ter are automatically interBinary: .. (12.0 + 4. 5D)N 30N. changed; address register c = ab: ... 30.0 + 13.5D + 120. and indicator settings are 10.5D2 automatically saved and c = alb: . . . . 62.3 + 53.3D + 149. restored. 22.5D2 Destination: . . . . . fixed location (contents of .422 For arrays of data Interrupt Register). ci = ai + bj= . . . 117. 5 + 7. 5D 166.5 bj = ai + bj= . . . . . . . 91.5 + 4.5D 166.5 Multiprogramming: · concurrent execution of two Sum N items: . . . . . (73.5 + 4. 5D)N 90N. programs is controlled by 192. c = c + aibf . . . . . . 126 + 22.5D + the Operating System 10.5D2 Mod 2, described in . 423 Branch based on comparison Section 510:193. Numeric data: . . . . . 127.5 + 3D . Multisequencing: . . . . none. Alphabetic data: . . 127.5 + 3C . . 424 SwitchingPROCESSOR SPEEDS Unchecked: . . . . 72. All execution times listed here are based on use of Checked: . . . . . . 72. List search: .. . .. 34.5 + (84.0 + 3D)N. the 3-character addressing modes; most instructions are 3 microseconds shorter in the 2-character .425 Format control per characteraddressing mode, and 3 microseconds longer in the Unpack: . . . . . . . . . 4.4 Compose: . . . . • . . 6.4 4-character addressing mode. .426 Table look-up per comparison D = operand length in decimal digits. Unpack: . . . . . . . . . 1. 5C * C = operand length in characters. For least or greatest: 1. 5C * Instruction Times in Microseconds For interpolation point: . . . . . . . . . . 1. 5C* Fixed point .427 Bit indicators Add-sui.itract: Set bit in separate Decimal: .. .13.5 + 4.5D 12.0 + 4.5C location: . . . . " . 15. Binary: 18 + 10.5D + 10. 5D2; Set bit in pattern: . . . 16.5 Multiply: . . . Test bit in separate where multiplier and multiplicand are both D location: • . . . . . . . 18. digits in length. Test bit in pattern: .. 18. .428 Moving: . . . . . . . . . . 12. 0 + 3C. Divide: . . . . . . . . . · 36.75 + 44. 25D + 22. 5D2; where the dividend is * With optional features. twice the length of the .5 ERRORS, CHECKS, AND ACTION divisor (D = no. of digits in divisor). Check or Floating point Interlock Action Add-subtract: . 30. Overflow: Multiply: . . . . . 66. check set indicator. Zero divisor: Di vide: . 95. overflow set indicator . Additional allowance for check Invalid data: validity set indicator. Indexing: . . . . . . . . 4.5 per modified address. check Indirect addressing: . 4.5 per stage. Invalid operation: Re-complementing: .. 3D. check stop with Controlerror Compare: ... . indication. · 13.5 + 3D. Arithmetic error: none. Branch: . . . . . · 10.5 Invalid address: Counter control: limit check stop with error · none. Edit: . . . . . . . . .12 + 10.5C indication . Receipt of data: parity check set indicator . Convert Dispatch of data: send parity Decimal to binary: .. 47.5* bit. Binary to decimal: .. 45. * .. . © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 6/66 -1. 513: 1 11. 101 m" ... ~'EDP AUERBAC~ - HONEYWELL 1200 SIMULTANEOUS OPERATIONS IEItDITS ~ SIMULTANEOUS OPERATIONS The Honeywell 1200 can control three or four input-output operations concurrently with internal processing, as described below. (1) Computation within the central processor continues at all times, except during the individual 1. 5-microsecond cycles required for each unit of data transferred between core storage and any peripheral unit. (2) In addition, in every Honeywell 1200 system any three of the peripheral data transfer operations listed in Table I (over) can proceed at one time (one on each read-write channel) in addition to the continuing central processor operation. Lengths of the start time, data transmission time, and stop time are shown for each operation, along with its demands upon the central processor (CP) and the selected channel. (3) One additional simultaneous data transfer operation can occur (a total of four), provided that the data transfer rates on both Channell and the AUXiliary Read-Write Channel are "comparatively undemanding." Input-output units which do allow both Channell and the Auxiliary Channel to operate in parallel include the Model 227 Card Punch, Model 223 Card Reader, Model 224 Card Punch, Model 214 Card Units, any magnetic tape units operating at under 45, 000 characters per second, and the paper tape equipment. (4) The capability to read from one tape unit and write simultaneously on another tape unit connected to the same Tape Control Unit is provided in most of the 204B Series (one-half inch) Magnetic Tape Units, but not in the 204A Series (three-quarter inch) tapes. © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 6/66 513:111.102 HONEYWELL 1200 TABLE I - SIMULTANEOUS OPERATIONS OPERATION Start Time msec. Time, msec. CP Use 214 Card Reader 150 20.0 0 Yes 214 Card Punch 150-600 7.5 0 Yes 223 Card Reader 75 13.0 0 Yes 224-1 Card Punch 335-1210 6.2 0 Yes 224- 2 Card Punch 223-660 3.0 0 227 Card Reader 75 21 to 46 0 227 Card Punch 222-1, -2, -3 Printer (51-character set) 240 42 to 102 0 Stop Time Data Transmission Channel Time, Use msec. CP Use Channel Time, Use msec. CP Use Channel Use 55.0 <0.1% Yes 75.0 0 No 6.25n <0.1% Yes 92.5 0 No 46 0.2% Yes 16 0 No 12.5n <0.1% Yes 210 0 No Yes 6.25n 0.1% Yes 160 0 No Yes 44 6.8% Yes 10 0 No Yes 176 0.8% 22 0 75 12.8% Yes Yes 17 + 5LS 0 No No 92 + 5LS 0 - - 222-4 Printer (46character set) 63 + 5LS 0 - - 46 18.0% Yes 17 + 5LS 0 No 222- 5 Printer (63character set) 133 + 5LS 0 - - 116 9.8% Yes 17 + 5LS 0 No 209 Paper Tape Reader 2.0 ? 0 Yes Val'. 01.% Yes ? 0 No 210 Paper Tape Punch 8.3 ? 0 Yes Val'. <0.1% Yes ? 0 No 204A-l Magnetic Tape, 32KC - 11.0a 0 Yes Var. 4.8% Yes Oa - - 204A-2 Magnetic Tape, 64KC - 5.5 a 0 Yes Val'. 9.6% Yes 00 - - 204A-3 Magnetic Tape, 89KC - 5.5 0 0 Yes Val'. 13.4% Yes Oa - - 204B-1, -2 Magnetic Tapc, 20KC - 12.5a 0 Yes Val'. ·3.0% Yes Oa - - 204B-3, -4 Mag;netic Tape, ·!-IKC - 7.5 a 0 Yes Val'. 6.6% Yes Oa - - 204B-5 Magnetic Tape, 67KC - 5.8 a 0 Yes Var. 10.1% Yes 00 - - 204B-7 Magnetic Tape, 29KC - 20.8 a 0 Yes Var. 4.2% Yes Oa - - 204B-8 Magnetic Tape, 64KC - 7.5 a 0 Yes Var. 9.6% Yes Oa - - 204B-11, -12 Magnetic Tape, 13KC - 18.7 a 0 Yes Val'. 2.0% Yes Oa - - 270 Random Access Drum - 25.0 0 Yes Val'. 15.3% Yes 0 - - 251 Mass Memory 16.7 95 avo 0 Yes Val'. 15% Yes No 16.7 150 avo 0 Yes Val'. 15% Yes - 0 252 Mass Memory 0 No 253 Mass Memory 16.7 225 avo 0 Yes Var. 15% Yes - 0 No a b LS n Val'. 6/66 Cycle Time, Cross-gap time for short gap (replaces start and stop times). For the character mode; time for tbe record mode is variable. Number of lines skipped between successive printed lincs. Number of characters punched. Data transmission time varies witb record length. A AUERBACH @ 513:201. 001 fA AUERBACH SUI DUG EDlP HONEYWELL 1200 SYSTEM PERFORMANCE UPDltS SYSTEM PERfORMANCE GENERAliZED FILE PROCESSING (513:201.100) These problems involve updating a master file from information in a detail file and producing a printed record of each transaction. This application is one of the most common commercial data processing jobs and is fully described in Section 4:200.1 of the Users' Guide. Standard File Problems A, B, and C show the effects of three different record sizes in the master file. Standard Problem D increases the amount of computation performed upon each transaction. Each problem is estimated for activity factors (ratios of number of detail records to number of master records) of zero to unity. In all cases a uniform distribution of activity is assumed. Conventional Processing (Configurations I. II. m. IV. VI. and VIlA) In Configuration I, the master and detail input files are assigned to the card reader. The output files are assigned to the card punch (updated master file) and printer (report file). For Problems A. B, C, and D, the card punch is always the controlling factor on overall processing time. In Configurations II, m, IV, VI. and VIlA, the master files are on magnetic tape. The detail file is assigned to the card reader and the report file to the printer. For Configuration II. in all four Standard File Problems, the printer is the controlling factor at high and moderate activities, while the two master-file tape units (which cannot read and write simultaneously) are the controlling factor at lower activities. For Configurations m. IV, VI. and VIlA, in all four of the Standard File Problems. the printer is the controlling factor at high, moderate, and low activities. One master-file tape controls at activities near zero. In Configurations IV and VIlA. for problems A, B, and C. the auxiliary read/write channel is interlocked because of the high speed of the tapes used. and only three read/write channels are available. At low activity, the two magnetic tape units assigned to one read/write channel become the controlling factor for Configurations IV and VIlA (the higher horizontal line segment on graph 513:201:100). When the activity becomes low enough so that the combined times for the printer and card reader become less than the combined time for the tapes, the printer and card reader are assigned to one channel and the two tapes are assigned to two separate channels (the sloping straight line). Near zero activity. the combined times for the printer and card reader become lower than the time for each tape, so a single tape unit becomes the controlling factor (the lower horizontal line segment). Tape-to-Tape Processing (Configuration VIIB) In tape-oriented Configuration VIlB. all four files are on magnetic tape. Data transcriptions between tape and card or printer are performed off-line on a satellite system in this configuration, and timings for the data transcription operations are therefore not shown. In Problems A, B. and D. for Configuration VIIB with all four files blocked, the central processor is the controlling factor at high to moderate activities, and one master-file tape and the reportfile tape control at low activity. In Problem C. one master-file tape and the report-file tape control at all activities. For Configuration VIlB with unblocked detail and report files, one master-file tape and the report-file tape are the controlling factors at all activities in all four problems. SORTING (513:201. 200) The standard estimate for sorting SO-character records by straightforward merging on magnetic tape was developed from the time for Standard File Problem A by the method explained in Paragraph 4:200.213 of the Users' Guide. A two-way merge was used in System Configuration II (which has only four magnetic tape units) and a three-way merge in Configurations m. IV. VI. VIlA, and VIIB. The results are shown in Graph 513:201. 200. MATRIX INVERSION (513:201.300) In matrix inversion, the object is to measure central processor speed on the straightforward inversion of a non-symmetric. non-singular matrix. No input-output operations are © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 6/66 HONEYWELL 1200 513:201. 002 involved. The standard estimate is based on the time required to perform cumulative multiplication (c = c+ aibj) in 8-digit-precision floating-point, as explained in Paragraph 4:200.3 of the Users' Guide. The precision of floating-point operations is equivalent to approximately 11 digits in the Honeywell Series 200. GENERALIZED MATHEMATICAL PROCESSING (513 :201. 400) This problem measures overall system performance on a simple mathematical application that involves widely varying ratios of input-to-computation-to-output volumes, as described in Section 4:200.4 of the Users' Guide. WORKSHEET DATA TABLE 1 (STANDARD FILE PROBLEM A) CONFIGURATION I ITEM 1 Recordslblock K Insce/block File 1::.: File 2 InputOutput Timcs msce/switch 80 (File 1 Char/block msce/record Central Processor msce/detail Times mace/work msce/report File Problem A msec/block for C.P. .nd dominant column 1,080 1,080 1,080 I,OBO 10 10 10 10 10 99.7 58.5 23.5 23.5 23.5 94 129 129 94 129 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 File 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 75 75 75 File 4 !FII. = File 2 • ·2 bG 0 0 0 0 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 ~ I8 3 0.1 0.1 0.1 L.l.- I-- 0.1 1.2 0.1 8.3 B.3 B.3 B.3 loB 0.2 0.27 0.B5 0.27 0.B5 0.27 0.85 0.27 0.B5 ~ I-- 0.27 0.85 0.27 0.B5 0.B5 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 2.1B 2.1B 2.1B 2.1B 2.1B 2.18 b7 + b8 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94 Punch C.P. Printer 0.3 C.P. 0.3 ~aBterOut ~etails File 4: Reoorts Printer C.P. 0.3 ~ 32.3 Printer C.P. 0.3 I/O ~ 4:200.1132 ~ 0.94 C.P. 0.3 I/O .0.3- - . - . - ' - .-.. - .~ . - . .!.:.L . - -.!!..:..!!. . - .~ . 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3 4:200.114 ~ . - . .2:2.. . - .~ . - . ..2:2... . - ~ . - ~ ' - .~ . r--hl- 4li,.L .....h1. . - -h1... . - .-h1... . - . ....!:..L.. . - .-L.1. .~ . -L.1. .~ ~ . - -1.:..Q.. . - • ...!.:..Q... . - . ....h!!.... . - . ....hL . - . -l:.! . - -l:.! . 4.2 6.7 Total Printer C.P. .- .- .-.- f'1- = - - - - - I - - ~~ 4:200.112 0 h5 + b9 C.P. 0.3 9.3 ~ . - .~ I!!Z..!L--r--lhL 1.6 32.3 '3 K F" 1.0 23.5 Filel=FileZ 75 REFEHENCE ~ 20 . 25 75 3 Standard 1,080 File 3 IFile msec/block VIIB VIIB (Blocked Files (Unblocked 3 &. 4) Files 3 & 4) VIlA 10 75/437.5 File 3 - IV 1.080 0.5 File 1 File 4 msce penalty III &. VI II 437.5 B3.0 1 290 B3.0 1 290 B3.0 940 B3.0 1 290 I.B 25.0 I.R 93.0 12B.5 1 290 12B.5 1,290 128.5 940 12B.5 1,290 47.5 4B.5 47.5 116.5 Unit of measure (characters) ~ 100 2,250 2,250 2,250 2,250 2,250 1B IB 1B IB 45 45 45 350 612 612 612 612 612 612 2,334 2,334 2,334 2,334 2,334 2,334 2,334 720 2,560 4,720 4,702 4,720 8.320 4,720 0 lOB lOB lOB lOB lOR 108 3.522 7,882 10,042 10.042 10,069 13,669 10,Orm Std. routines Standard File Problem Fixed 3 (Blocks 1 to 23) A 6 (Blocks 24 to 4B) Space Files Working Total >I< 2,250 4:200.1151 Heeords blocked 10 records/block. WORKSHEET DATA TABLE 2 (STANDAIlD MATHEMATICAL PROBLEM A) CONFIGURATION VI,VIIA ITEM Unit name Standard ~lathemat- ieal Problem A Size of record msce/bloek mace penalty ~ output ~ output innut U output T2 ~"!L outnut ~" T5 msee/record --'----- ----"~op_s__________T6__ msce/report 6/66 Floating point Floating point Fixed/ Floating Point T7 ___ 22_3 Card Reader 204B-8 Magnetic Tape 222-3 Printer ______ BO_ _ _ 204B-B Magnetic Tape ------- 120 _7_5_ _ _ ------- .- _8_0_____________ 4:200.413 80 B.8 B. B 92 - HEFEHENCE VlIB 0.1 0.1 B.3 10.71 0.1 10.71 7.14 7.14 2.06 2.06 - (Contd. ) A AUERBACH @ 513:201. 100 SYSTEM PERFORMANCE .1 GENERALIZED FILE PROCESSING .114 Graph: .11 Standard File Problem A .115 Storage space required Configuration I: .• Configuration II: •• Configurations TIl, IV, & VI: Configuration VlIA: • Configuration VIlE (blocked Files 3&4):. Configuration VIm (unblocked Files 3&4): • . . . • . • .111 Record sizes Master file: Detail file: Report file: . 112 Computation: .113 Timing basis: 108 characters. 1 card. 1 line. standard • using estimating procedure outlined in Users' Guide, 4:200.113. • • • . . • . • see graph below. 3,522 characters. 7,882 characters. 10,042 characters. 10,069 characters. 13,669 charactcrs. 10,069 characters. 1,000.0 7 4 2 I 100.0 7 4 Time in Minutes to Process 10, 000 Master File Records 2 ~ "\1., 10.0 7 L " ", \\\,"J'\, \"J' ::::::::------- - .- // 4 -II 7 '. / 2 1.0 Ill, VI 7;/ 7 V/ V IV . - 10M" ~ 4 ~ VIlA ....... ~ --- 1..--- V!!~ -- 2 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.33 1.0 Activity Factor Average Number of Detail Records Per Master Record (Roman numerals denote standard System Configurations.) - - - unblocked Files 3 and 4. ---blocked Files 3 and 4. © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 6/66 513:201. 120 • 12 HONEYWELL 1200 Standard File Problem B .121 Record sizes 54 characters. 1 card. 1 line. Master file: • Detail file: Report file: • . 122 Computation: • • •• standard • • 123 Timing basis: • . •• using estimating procedure outlined in Users' Guide, 4:200.12. .124 Graph: • • • • • . •. see graph below. 1,000.0 7 4 2 100.0 7 4 Time in Minutes to Process 10, 000 Master File Records 2 ll~1'T 10.0 7 ./ 4 2 1.0 1..0' /' /" // - ~ 7/ / 7 t:: VIIA . / 4 V rc;~ 2 ~ III,VI ..", ./- 100 .... ---- vnB --- --- 0.1 0.0 0.1 1.0 0.33 Activity Factor Average Number of Detail Records Per Master Record (Roman numerals denote standard System Configurations.) - - - - unblocked Files 3 and 4. _ _ _ blocked Files 3 and 4. (Contd. ) 6/66 A AUERBACH SYSTEM PERFORMANCE .13 513:20 I. 130 Standard File Problem C .132 Computation: . .133 Timing basis: • standard. using estimating procedure outlined in Users' Guide, .134 Graph: see graph below. .131 Record sizes - 4:200.13. 216 characters. Master file: • Detail file: Report file: . 1 card. 1 line. 1,000.0 7 4 2 100.0 7 4 Time in Minutes to Process 10,000 Master File Records --------~ 2 ~.\\\.~\. 10.0 \~ II 7 '..;" ./ /' ./ 4 2 1.0 .- /7 III, VI ff/f V/ '/ 7 ------ VllB - VIlB -~ 4 2 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.33 1.0 Activity Factor Average Number of Detail Records Per Master Record (Roman numerals denote standard System Configurations.) - - - - unblocked Files 3 and 4. ---blocked Files 3 and 4. © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info. Inc. 6/66 HONEYWELL 1200 513:201. 140 . 14 .142 Computation: • .143 Timing basis: • Standard File Problem D .141 Record sizes Master file: Detail file: • Report file: . 108 characters. 1 card. 1 line. .144 Graph: trebled • using estimating procedure outlined in Users' Guide, 4:200.14. see graph below. 1,000.0 7 4 2 ~ 100.0 7 4 Time in Minutes to Process 10, 000 Master File Records 2 ,~ "\1,1"\1,'1\, 1"\1 10.0 7 .... / 4 2 1.0 7 4 // - t-II :::------ -- ,,'/ III,VI lib V/ V VIlA "\1"\1"£> .- Ll . J ..... -" u,1=::"'- I---"\I\\"£> -- --- --- ~ /IV -- , ..... .... 2 0.1 0.0 0.1 1.0 0.33 Activity Factor Average Number of Detail Records Per Master Record (Roman numerals denote standard System Configurations.) - - - - unblocked Files 3 and 4. - - - blocked Files 3 and 4. (Contd. ) 6/66 A AUERBACH @ 51 3: 20 1. 200 SYSTEM PERFORMANCE .213 Timing basis: .2 SORTING • 21 Standard Problem Estimates using estimating procedure outlined in Users' Guide, 4:200.213 • see graph below • . 214 Graph: .211 Record size: • 212 Key size: 80 characters. 8 characters • 1,000 7 4 ~~ 2 V / 100 7 f ,/ ~ / 'I' 4 V <>-/' / 2 ~/ /11 Time in Minutes to put Records into Required Order 10 ~ / _ ;#1 ~ 'l ~~' 7 ~,/ / ~ / 4 / / L 2 1 / 'I' II V 7 / ~ / ~~ f / I V 4 V 2 / 0.1 100 2 4 7 1,000 2 4 7 10,000 2 4 7 100,000 Number of Records (Roman numerals denote standard System Configurations.) © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 6/66 513:201. 300 HONEYWELL 1200 .312 Timing basis: .3 MA TRIX INVERSION • 31 Standard Problem Estimates using estimating procedure outlined in Users' Guide, 4:200 •. 312 • see graph below • • 313 Graph: • • . • • • . • 311 Basic parameters: •• general, non-symmetric matrices, using floating point to at least 8 decimal digits. 10.0 I 7 I 4 I I If 2 ~ 1.0 7 II 4 J If 2 / Time in Minutes for Complete 0.1 Inversion 7 I I I I 4 I 2 / 0.01 J I 7 I II 4 2 ~ 0.001 2 1 4 7 10 2 4 2 7 4 100 7 l. 000 Size of Matrix (For all configurations equipped with the Scientific Option) (Contd. ) 6/66 fA AUERBACH @ 513:201. 400 SYSTEM PERFORMANCE .4 GENERALIZED MATHEMATICAL PROCESSING .41 Standard Mathematical Problem A Estimates .413 Timing basis: . 414 Graph: • 411 Record sizes: • 412 Computation: • • •• •••• 0 using estimating procedure outlined in Users' Guide, 4:200.413 • see graph below . •• 10 signed numbers, avg. size 5 digits, max. size 8 digits . 5 fifth-order polynomials, 5 divisions, 1 square root; ll-digit-precision floatingpoint mode. 10,000 7 4 2 1,000 7 4 h 2 VI, VIIA Time in 100 Milliseconds per Input Record 7 - ~ VI, (R / = 1.0) ~" ~~ 4 ~\> .......... ...... - 10 ~ 0.01, 0.1) VIlA (R 2 I' -J ~~'l \). \)\.' ~\): I' i--'" 7 4 2 i, \ 1 2 0.1 4 7 2 1.0 4 7 2 10.0 4 7 100.0 C, Number of Computations per Input Record © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 6/66 HONEYWEll 2200 Honeywell EDP Division ( AUERBACH INFO, INC. PRINTED IN U. S. A. HONEYWELL 2200 Honeywell EDP Division AUERBACH INFO, INC. PRINTED IN U. S. A. 51 4: 0 11. 100 A"""" HONEYWELL 2200 INTRODUCTION AEDP AUER8AC~ REPORTS " INTRODUCTION The Honeywell 2200 Processor can be connected to any of the Honeywell Series 2no peripheral units, can use any of the Series 200 programming languages, can run most programs originally written for an IBM 140] or 1410, and can operate in a multiprogrammed mode, using the Storage Protect feature to help insure safe handling of the concurrently-operating programs. The 2200 Processor can contain between 16,384 and 262,144 characters of core storage. with a cycle time of one microsecond per character. Standard features of the Honeywell 2200 Processor include: Program Interrupt, Multiply-Divide, Advanced Programming. Edit Instruction. 8-Bit Code Handling. four read-write channels, and 16 I/O trunks. Optional features are: Scientific Unit (floating-point arithmetic), Storage Protect, Additional Four Read-Write Channels and 16 I/O Trunks, and Optional Instruction Package (table look-Up facilities). The rental for typical Honeywell 2200 systems ranges from about $8,000 to $] 7,000 per month. Deliveries began in December 1965. This report concentrates upon the characteristics and the performance of the Honeywell 2200 in particular. All the general characteristics of the Honeywell Series 200 computers, peripheral equipment, and software are described in Computer System Report 510: Honeywell Series 200 - General. The System Configuration section which follows shows the Honeywell 2200 in the following standard System Configurations: lIT: IV: V: VIlA: VIIB: 6-Tape Business System 12-Tape Business System 6-Tape Auxiliary Storage System 10-Tape General System (Integrated) 10-Tape General System (Paired with the Honeywell 120). These configurations were prepared according to the rules in the Users' Guide. page 4:030.120, and any significant deviations from the standard specifications are listed. Section 514:051 provides detailed central processor timings for the Honeywell 2200. The input-output channel capabilities of the Honeywell 2200. and the demands upon the processor during input-output operations, are described in Section 514:111. Several levels of software support can be used with Honeywell 2200 systems. The two versions of Operating System - Mod 1 can be used, providing software packages that are resident on either magnetic tape or mass storage devices. Several levels of COBOL and FORTRAN language processors and Easycoder assemblers are offered with Operating System - Mod 1. Automatic stacked job processing facilities and several data management routines are also provided. Honeywell 2200 systems that have at least 49K characters of core storage can also use the advanced software of the Operating System - Mod 2, featuring automatic program scheduling and improved language processors. These software systems and the Series 200 Basic Programming System are described in Sections 510:151 through 510:193. The overall performance of any Honeywell Series 200 system is heavily dependent upon the processor model used. A full System Performance analysis of standardized configurations utilizing the Honeywell 2200 is provided in Section 514:201. © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 7/66 -~ 514:031. 100 su,,'" HONEYWELL 2200 SYSTEM CONFIGURATION /AEDP AUERIIAC~ REPIIRIS _ -....'"'------1 SYSTEM CONFIGURATION The Honeywell 2200 Processor contains either 4 or 8 input-output channels and 16 or 32 input-output trunks. This means that up to 32 peripheral devices or controllers can be connected, and a maximum of 8 data transfer operations can occur simultaneously with internal processing. The connections between devices and channels are established under program control. Any of the available Series 200 peripheral units can be connected to a Honeywell 2200 Processor. These peripheral units are described in detail in the main Series 200 Computer System Report, and their trunk requirements are summarized in the main System Configuration section, page 510:031. 100 . .1 6-TAPE BUSINESS SYSTEM; CONFIGURATION III Deviations from Standard Configuration: . . . . . . . . . . . . . card reader is 60% faster. printer is 30% faster. console typewriter input is included. ability to read and write magnetic tape simultaneously is standard. Equipment Rental * 2201-1 Processor with 16, 384 characters of core storage $3,640 223 Card Reader and Control: 800 cards/min 310 208-1 Card Punch Control 214-1 Card Punch: 100 to 400 cards/min 155 310 222-3 Printer and Control: 650 lines/min (120 print positions) 925 203B-4 Tape Control Unit 204B-7 Magnetic Tape Units (6): 28,800 char/sec (800 cpi) 220-3 Console (includes Teleprinter) Optional Features Included: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . .. Optional Instruction Package (Table Look-up Facilities) TOTAL RENTAL: * 435 2,460 310 50 $8,545 The rental prices quoted are for a one-year monthly rental base term agreement. The same configuration with a five-year agreement rents for $7,715 per month. © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 7/66 514:031. 200 .~ HONEYWELL 2200 U-TAPE BUSINESS SYSTEM; CONFIGURATION IV Deviations from Standard Configuration: . . . • . . . . . . . . . . card reader is 20% slower. card punch is up to 50% slower. Equipment Rental* 2201-2 Processor with 32,768 characters of core storage $ 4,665 223 Card Reader and Control: 800 cards/min 310 208-1 Card Punch Control 214-1 Card Punch: 100 to 400 cards/min 155 310 222-4 Printer and Control: 950 lines/min (120 print positions) 1,305 203B-4 Tape Control Unit 204B-8 Magnetic Tape Units (6): 64,000 char/sec 435 3,690 203B-4 Tape Control Unit 204B-8 Magnetic Tape Units (6): 64,000 char/sec 435 3,690 220-3 Console (includes Teleprinter) Optional Features Included: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • Optional Instruction Package (Table Look-up Facilities) TOTAL RENTAL: / 310 50 $15,305 * The rental prices quoted are for a one-year monthly rental base term agreement. The same configuration with a five-year agreement rents for $13,820 per month. ./ .3 6-TAPE AUXILIARY STORAGE SYSTEM; CONFIGURATION V This Configuration is identical to Configuration III for the Honeywell 2200 (preceding page) except for the addition of one 250 Mass Memory File Control and one 251 Mass Memory File, which provide 15 million characters of storage and bring the total system rental to $9,550 per month ($8,615 with a 5-year contract). ./ (Contd. ) 7/66 A AUERBACH '" .--- 514:031. 400 SYSTEM CONFIGURATION .4 10-TAPE GENERAL SYSTEM (INTEGRATED); CONFIGURATION VIlA Deviations for Standard Configuration: ..•...•.•..•••• card reader is 60% faster. printer is 30% faster. Equipment Rental* 2201-6 Processor with 98,304 characters of core storage $ 7,995 220-3 Console (includes typewriter and direct control) 310 222-3 Printer and Control (120 print positions): 650 lines/min 925 223 Card Reader and Control: 800 lines/min 310 208-1 Card Punch Control 214-1 Card Punch: 100 to 400 cards/min 155 310 203B-4 Tape Control Unit 204B-8 Magnetic Tape Units (5): 64, 000 char/sec 435 3,075 203B-4 Tape Control Unit 204B-8 Magnetic Tape Units (5): 64,000 char/sec 435 3,075 Optional Features Included: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . • . • . . Scientific Unit Optional Instruction Package (Table Look-up Facilities) TOTAL RENTAL: * 440 50 $17,515 The rental prices quoted are for a one-year monthly rental base term agreement. The same configuration with a five-year agreement rents for $15,700 per month. I \, © 1966 AUERBACH Corpcration and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 7/66 HONEYWELL 2200 514:031. 500 .5 10-TAPE GENERAL SYSTEM (PAIRED); CONFIGURATION VIlB lkviations from Standard Configuration: . . . . . . . • . . • • . . card reader is 700% faster. direct connection to satellite system. * Equipment Rental 2201-4 Proce.ssor and Console with 65,536 characters of core storage $ 6,460 / 223 Card Reader and Control: 800 cards/min 310 203B-4 Tape Control Unit 204B-8 Magnetic Tape Units (8): 64,000 char/sec 435 4,920 220-3 Console (includes Teleprinter and direct control) 310 212-1 On-Line Adapter Unit (for connection to H-120 Processor) 410 Optional Features Included: • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Scientific Unit Optional Instruction Package 440 50 To Satellite System (next page) TOTAL ON-LINE EQUIPMENT: TOTAL SATELLITE EQUIPMENT: TOTAL RENTAL: * $13,335 3,590 $16,925 The rental prices quoted are for a one-year monthly rental base term agreement. The same configuration with a five-year agreement rents for $15,305 per month. ,/ (Contd.) 7/66 fA. AUERBACH ® - 514:031. 501 SYSTEM CONFIGURATION .5 CONFIGURATION VIlB (Contd.) SATELLITE EQUIPMENT (Honeywell 120) Deviations from Standard Configuration: . . • • . • • . • . . . . . card reader is 20% slower. ability to overlap printing and one input-output operation with computing is standard. console typewriter input is included. 6 index registers. Equipment Rental 121-2 Central Processor Console with 4,096 character $ 1,000 positions of core storage Control Unit Adapter (Non-Simultaneous) 155 214-2 Card Reader/Punch Reads: 400 cards/min Punches: 100-400 cards/min 340 203B-4 Tape Control Unit 204B-7 Magnetic Tape Units (2): 28,800 char/sec 435 820 122 Printer: 450 lines/min (120 print positions) 510 220-1 Console 205 (includes Teleprinter) To H-2200 System (previous page) Optional Features Included: . . . • • . . . . • . • • Advanced Programming Edit Instruction TOTAL SATELLITE EQUIPMENT: © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 75 50 $ 3,590 7/66 514:051. 100 /1& AUERBACH STlNDlItD EDP HONEYWELL 2200 CENTRAL PROCESSOR REPORlS ~ CENTRAL PROCESSOR .1 GENERAL . 11 Identity: ... .12 Description . Central Processor. Models 2201-1 through 2201-12 The Model 2201 Processor performs all the arithmetic and logical functions in a Honeywell 2200 system under control of one or more internally stored programs. The processor works in conjunction with a control memory that contains program sequencing, program interrupt, and other associated registers. Only one control memory can be utilized in a Honeywell 2200 system. (The original specifications, now withdrawn, called for two control memories.) The 2201 instruction code is basically a twoaddress, add-to-storage type. This code includes all the Honeywell 200 instructions (which are almost identical with those of the IBM 1401), plus alphanumeric comparison and table look-up operations. Fifteen index registers are also included in the basic unit. The instruction repertoire, from a programmer's view, is very similar to that of the IBM 1410 and 7010 systems. Binary addressing is used to minimize instruction sizes; address lengths can vary from two characters to four characters. Four-character addressing permits direct addressing of any position within the maximum 262K core memory. The type of addressing in use at any time is controlled by special instructions and can be varied by the programmer as needed. Even with this facility, the multiple addressing modes may lead to complications in the interpretation of diagnostics and in the use of operating systems. The control memory is a small magnetic core storage unit with an access time of 0.25 microsecond and a cycle time of 0.50 microsecond. It holds up to 64 control registers, each capable of storing the address of one character position in the main memory. Instructions are provided to load and store the contents of each of these registers. Only 37 of the control registers can currently be used by the Model 2201 Processor: (1) A-Address Register. (2) B-Address Register. (3) Sequence Register. (4) Change Sequence Register. (5) Read-Write Channell - Present Location Counter. (6) Read-Write Channel 1 - Starting Location Counter. (7) Read-Write Channel 2 - Present Location Counter. (8) Read-Write Channel 2 - Starting Location Counter. (9) Read-Write Channel 3 - Present Location Counter. (10) Read-Write Channel 3 - Starting Location Counter. (11) Auxiliary R/W Channel - Present Location Counter. (12) Auxiliary R/W Channel - Starting Location Counter. (13) Interrupt Register. The Model 2201 Processor consists of five basic functional units: the main memory, the control memory, the control unit, the arithmetic unit, and the input-output traffic control. (14) Internal Interrupt Register (Storage Protect). The main memory consists of from 16, 384 to 262, 144 alphanumeric character positions of core storage with a cycle time of one microsecond per character; see Section 510:041 for a complete description. Each character position consists of six data bits, one parity bit, and two punctuation bits. The punctuation bits can be used to indicate a word mark, an item mark, or a record mark, which defines the length of a data field or instruction, an item, or a record, respectively. An "item" consists of a group of consecutive data fields. (The IBM 1400 series computers utilize only one punctuation bit - the "word mark" bit and each record mark occupies an entire character position. The two punctuation bits used in the Honeywell 2200 will decrease data storage requirements and provide increased flexibility in data movement operations. The Extended Move instruction, for example, can be terminated by a word mark, an item mark, or a record mark, as specified by the programmer.) (30-37) Optional I/O Sector - 4 additional Read-Write Channels. (15-17) Work Registers. (18-29) Scientific Unit (Feature 1100). The control unit controls the sequential selection, interpretation, and execution of all stored program instructions and checks for correct (odd) parity whenever a character is moved from one location to another. It also provides for communication with the operator's control panel. The input-output traffic control directs the timesharing of accesses to the main memory by the various peripheral devices and the central processor. This control operation is associated with the control memories, which contain the control information used by each of the data transfers. Up to eight input-output operations can proceed simultaneously under the supervision of the control memory. The basic processor contains four read-write channels; one of them is termed an "auxiliary" channel and can transfer data at a © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 7/66 HONEYWELL 2200 514:051. 120 . 12 Description (Contd.) maximum rate of 33, 333 characters per second. Four additional read-write channels are available as an option. The allocation of data transmission channels to input-output trunks is flexible. The actual allocation of a specific peripheral device to a specific channel is initiated by an instruction, rather than by the operator. The arithmetic unit executes all arithmetic and logical operations. It consists of an adder that can perform both decimal and binary arithmetic and two one-character operand storage registers. The 2200 is basically a two-address, add-to-storage system. All operations are performed serially by character and terminated when specific punctuation bit configurations are sensed. This means that operand sizes are fully variable and are limited only by the amount of core storage available to hold them. The processor is well suited to general data manipulation, including, as standard features, excellent editing capabilities, indexing, indirect addressing, an Item Move instruction, a Move and Translate instruction, multiplication, and division. The indexing facilities are comparatively numerous. Each of the 15 or 30 registers is held in the main core memory, so indexing takes one microsecond per character or three microseconds per address modified. The Move and Translate instructions can effect translations between any two 6-bit codes. A table must be provided for every code into which conversions are to be made, arranged in the order of the bit patterns of the code from which conversion is planned. Handling of 8-bit codes is also provided. . 21 Instruction length is variable from one to twelve characters. Arithmetic and data movement instructions are most commonly nine characters long when using the four-character addressing mode. Through careful placement of data, instructions can sometimes be "chained" so that a onecharacter instruction does the work of a ninecharacter one, resulting in savings in both storage space and execution time. Chaining is possible only when a series of operations is to be performed upon items of data stored in consecutive locations, so that the A- and B-Address Registers do not need to be reloaded before each instruction is executed. Typical instruction execution times, usill,g the four-character addressing mode, are 28 microseconds for a five-digit decimal addition and 224 microseconds for a five-digit multiplication. Optional Features Additional 4 Read-Write Channels and 16 InputOutput Trunks: Permits 16 additional peripheral units or controllers to be connected to a Honeywell 2200, and provides up to 4 additional simultaneous data transfers. Storage Protect: Protects the contents of one specified block of memory against accidental reference or alteration by unrelated programs; provides 15 additional index registers for use by programs inside and outside the protected area. Scientific Unit: Provides automatic floatingpoint arithmetic and decimal-binary radix conversion operations. Optional Instruction Package: Provides table look-up instructions. . 14 First Delivery: . . . . . December 1965. .2 PROCESSING FACILITIES Operations and Operands Operation and Variation .211 Fixed point Add- subtract: Multiply: Divide: .212 Floating point Add- subtract: Multiply: Divide: Provision Radix Size automatic 1 to N char. automatic automatic decimal or binary decimal decimal automatic* automatic* automatic* binary binary binary 36 & 12 bits. 36 & 12 bits. 36 & 12 bits. 1 to N char. 1 to N char. *with optional Scientific Unit . . 213 BooleanAND Inclusive OR: Exclusive OR: . 214 ComparisonNumbers: Absolute: Letters: Mixed: Collating sequence: 7/66 binary automatic none. automatic binary branch on high, low, equal, zero balance. automatic none. automatic automatic 1 to N char. 1 to N char . unequal, or 1 to N char. 1 to N char. 1 to N char. o through 9, then A through Z, with special symbols interspersed. A AUERBACH ~ /' (Contd.) 514:051. 215 CENTRAL PROCESSOR .215 Codc translation Provision: . . . . . . Fl'om: To: .. Sil'.c: . .216 Radix convcrsion Pl·ovision: . . . . From: To: .. · automatic (using code table constructed by programmer). · . any 6-bit through 12-bit codc. · . any 6-bit through 12-hit code. · . 1 to N characters. · . automatic (with Scientific Unit). · decimal or binary. · binary or decimal. .217 Edit formatAltcl' size: Suppress zcro: Round off: Insert point: Insert spaces: Insert $, CR-*: Float $: Protection: .218 Table look-up Condition Provision Equality: automatic* Not equal: automatic* Greater than (or equal): automatic* Less than (01' equal): automatic* Greatest: none. Least: none. Provision Comment automatic expand but not contract automatic none. automatic automatic automatic automatic automatic Comment 1 to N entries, delimited by word marks. Fixed size table arguments are required. *with Optional Instruction Package . . 219 OthersSubstitute Change Addressing Mode: Branch on Sense Switches: automatic 1 to N char. · 223 Operand size determination: . · 23 . •. word mark, item mark, or record mark bits in high or low-order digit position. (Some instructions imply one-character operands. ) Instruction Formats .231 Instruction structure: . variable; 1 to 12 characters. · 232 Instruction layout: performs binary masking on a single 6- bit character. An instruction may consist of: shifts between 2, 3, or 4 character addressing. (2) OP, VI (3) OP, A or I branches according to each of 30 possible settings. (5) OP, A or I, B (1) OP only automatic (4) OP, A or I, automatic Branch on Data Control Indicators: automatic . 22 Size . 222 Zero: . . . . . . . • . VI (9) OP, A or I, C 1, C 2 (10) OP, A or I, C 1 , C 2 , C3 (11) OP, A, C 1 , C2 , C3 , Cn (6) OP, A or I, B, VI .233 Instruction parts branches on any specific combination of the Data Control Indicators. Special Cases of Operands . 221 Negative numbers: (7) OP, A, B, VI' V2 (8) OP, A or I, C 1 . absolute value, with B zone bit in units position. . positive, negative, and unsigned zeros and blanks give same result in most decimal arithmetic operations but are unequal in comparisons. Name OP: A: I: • B: Purpose . . . . . . . . . operation code. . address of an operand or field in core storage . . location of next instruction if a branch occurs . ... address of an operand or field in core storage . . . . . . . . . . modifier for an operation code, control field for an I/O instruction, or partial address in a translate instruction. © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info. Inc. 7/66 HONEYWELL 2200 514:051. 233 . 233 Instruction parts - (Contd.) Purpose Name V2 or C 2: . . . • . . . . · partial address in a translate instruction or control field for an I/o instruction. · control field for an I/O C,,: . • . . . . . • oJ instruction. .234 Basic address • 2 + O. structure: .. . 235 LiteralsArithmetic: . . none. Comparisons and tests: . . . . . . . . . • . yes; single character. Incrcmcnting modifiers: . · none'. · yes; single character Masking: . . . . mask. . 236 Directly addressed operands Internal storage type: . . . . . . . . core. Minimum size: . . . . . 1 character. Maximum size: ..•. total capacity. Volume accessible: .. total capacity . . 237 Address indexing . 2371 Number of methods: . 1. .2372 Name: . . . . . . . . · .. indexing. .2373 Indexing !'llle: .•...• addition (modulo core size). .2374 Index specification: .. Address Modifier - first 3 bits of an l8-bit operand or first 5 bits of a 24- bit operand. .2375 Number of potential indexers: . . . . .. 15 or 30. · 2376 Addresses which can be indexed: . • . . . . all 3- and 4-character addresses. · 2377 Cumulative indexing: . none. .2378 Combined index and step: . . . . . . • . • . none . . 238 Indirect addressing: · . yes. · 2381 Recursive: ... · . yes. · . Address Modifier - first · 2382 Designation: .. 3 or 5 bits of an operand. . direct address has no .2383 Control: . . . . indicator bit. . . 24 SEQUENCE CONTROL FEATURES · 31 Instruction Sequencing · 311 Number of sequence facilities: . . . . . . . 2; sequence and co-sequence registers. Programmer may switch at will from one to the other by use of Change Sequence Mode instruction . .312 Arrangement: . . . . . one set per processor . · 313 Precedence rule: ... only one register in use at anyone time. (Programmer indicates the register to be used.) .314 Special sub-sequence counters: . . . . . none. .315 Sequence control step size: . . . . . 1 character . .316 AcceSSibility to routines:. . . . . . yes; can be loaded and stored by instruction. · 317 Permanent or optional modifier:. . . . . . no. .32 Look-Ahead: · 33 Interruption ....• none . .331 Possible causes In-out units: . . . . . end of operation, including availability of all error indications. Storage access: ... violation of Storage Protection, either by alteration of contents or by reference to contents. Processor errors: . cannot initiate interrupts. Others: . . . . . . . . . via two programmed instructions and console control panel. .332 Control by routine: .. each peripheral interrupt can be set or reset individually by the program. External interrupts are recognized during the operation of an internal interrupt routine . Special Processor Storage .241 Category of storage Number of locations Size in bits Control memory: 23 18 Arithmetic unit: 2 16 Scientific unit: .242 Category of storage 12 18 Total number of locations Control memory: 23 Arithmetic unit: 2 Scientific unit: 7/66 .3 12 Physical form magnetic core silicon diodes magnetic core IA AUERBACH '" Program usage address registers, read/write counters, interrupt register. operand storage registers (not accessible to programmer). floating-point registers. Access time, tJ.sec Cycle time, Ilsec 0.25 0.50 0.50 1. 00 0.25 0.50 (Contd. ) CENTRAL PROCESSOR · a3a Opel'ator control:. 514:051. 333 . interrupt can be caused via console. · :l:l4 Interl'uption conditions: . IntcI'l'upt I·cquested. Interrupt not inhibited. IntcI'l'upt routine not in operation. Intcrl'uption process - Registers saved: .. The active sequencing I'egister is stored. The next instruction is taken from the address given in the interrupt register. The interrupt routine operates and, when completed, causes the original sequcncc register to be I'estored. Dl·stination: . . . . . . 2 different locations, depending on whether interrupt is external or internal. . 336 Control methods Determine cause: , . test indicators for explicit cause. Enable interruption: by instruction. .34 .41 .411 Fixed point: Add-subtract Decimal:. Binary:. Multiply: .. .412 .413 .414 .415 .416 Multiprogramming . 341 Method of control:. . executive program; see Sections 510: 192 and 510:193. . 417 .342 Maximum number of programs: . . . . . . . . one main program and one or more peripherallimited programs . . 418 . 343 PI'ecedence rules: ... determined by executive program. .42 · 344 Program protection Storage: . . . . . . . . . storage area on one side of movable, logical boundary must not be read, written or tested by a program stored on the other side of the boundary. In-out units: . . . . . . protected via disallowance of the two peripheral device control instructions. .35 Multisequencing: . . . . none. ·4 PROCESSOR SPEEDS All execution times listed here are based on use of the 4-character addreSSing mode; most instructions are 4 microseconds shorter in the 2-charactel' addressing mode, and 2 microseconds shorter in the 3-character addressing mode. D = operand length in decimal digits. C = operand length in characters. Instruction Times in Microseconds 13 + 3D. 12 + 3C. 2 14 + 7D +7D ; where the multiplier is the same length as the multiPlicand. Divide: . . . . . . . . . . 26.5 + 29. 5D + 15D ; where the dividend is UI/ice the length of the divisor (D no. of digits in divisor). Floating point (with Scientific Unit) Add-subtract: . . . . . 20 (min). Multiply: . . . . . . . . . 45 (avg). Divide: . . . . . . . . . . 63 (max). Additional allowance for Indexing: . . . . . . . . . 3 per modified address. Indirect addressing: . 3 per stage. Re-complementing: .. 2D. Control Compare: ... . · 13 + 2C . Branch: . . . . . · 10. Counter Control: · none. Edit: . . . . . . . . 12 + 4C + 2(No. of characters scanned during zero-suppression plus no. scanned for floating dollar sign insertion) . Convert (5-char . fields) To binary: .. .33. To decimal:. .32. Shift: . . . . . . · 9 + O. 25N (binary mantissa shift with Scientific Unit, where N = no. of bits shifted). Processor Performance in Microseconds Fixed point .421 For random addresses: c=a+bDecimal: 25 + 5D Binary: 24 + 5C b=a+bDecimal: 13 + 3D Binary: 12 + 3D Sum N itemsDecimal: (13 + 3D)N Binary: (12 + 3C)N 2 c = ab: 24 + 9D + 7D c = alb: 47. 5 + 35. 5D + 15D2 .422 For arrays of data 100 + 5D c. = a. + b.: I I J bi = a i + bi : 82 + 3D Sum N items: 66 + 3D 108 + 12D + 7D2 c = c + a.b.: 1 J .423 Branch based on comparison Numeric data: 103 + 2D. Alphabetic data: 103 + 2C. .424 Switching Unchecked: . . . . . . 64. Checked: . . . . . . . . 64. Floating point* 56. 56. 20. 81. 99. 128. 128. 73. 146. * with optional Scientific Unit. © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 7/66 HONEYWELL 2200 514:051. 425 .425 Format control, per character Unpack: . . . . . . . . 3. O. Compose: . . . . . . . 5.3. . 426 Table look-up, per comparison For a match: . . . . . lC. * :For least or greatest: . . . . . . . lC. * For interpolation point: . . . . . . .. lC. * .427 Bit indicators Set bit in scparate location: . . . . . . . 14. Set bit in pattern: .. 16. Test bit in separate locatiOll: . . . . . . . 16. Test bit in pattern: . 16. . 428 Moving: . . . . . . . . . l2t 2C. 5. ERRORS, CHECKS, AND ACTION Check or Interlock check overflow check Invalid data: validity check Invalid operation: check Arithmetic error: none. Invalid address: limit check Receipt of data: parity check Dispatch of data: send parity bit. Reference to protected area: check Overflow: Zero divisor *\\'ith optional Scientific Unit. set indicator. set indicator. set indicator. interrupt. ** interrupt. ** set indicator. interrupt. ** **with optional Storage Protect Feature. / / 7/66 fA., AUERBACH 514: 111. 100 1. ""'AR' ~EDP AUER8AC~ NHUAIS HONEYWELL 2200 SIMULTANEOUS OPERATIONS - SIMULTANEOUS OPERATIONS Input-output operations in the Honeywell 2200 Computer System are initiated by the prog-ram and subsequently supervised by the input-output traffic control unit in conjunction with the control memory unit of the central processor. The control memory can control either four or eight input-output operations concurrently with internal processing-, as described below. (1) Computation within the central processor continues at all times, except during- the individual I-microsecond cycles required for each unit of data transferred between core storage and any peripheral unit. (2) In addition, either three or six (depending upon the configuration chosen) of the peripheral data transfer operations listed in Table I (over) can proceed at one time (one on each read-write channel) in addition to the continuing central processor operation. Lengths of the start time, data transmission time, and stop time are shown for each operation, along with its demands upon the central processor (CP) and the selected channel. (3) One or two additional simultaneous data transfer operations can occur, provided that the data transfers occurring on both Channel 1 and Channel l' (the auxiliary read/write channel) are "comparatively undemanding." In general, these "split" channels can service any two units operating at less than 33,000 characters per second each. The capability to read from one tape unit and write simultaneously on another tape unit connected to the same Tape Control Unit is provided in most of the 204B Series (one-half inch) Magnetic Tape Units, but not in the 204A Series (three-quarter inch) tapes. Up to 16 peripheral devices or peripheral control units can be connected to a basic Model 2200 system. By adding Feature 1115, the optional Input-Output Sector, 16 additional peripheral device control units can be added. This feature also provides four additional ReadWrite channels, doubling the basic system's capacity to perform input-output operations simultaneously with computing. © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 7/66 HONEYWELL 2200 514: 111. 101 TABLE I: SIMULTANEOUS OPERATIONS StnrtTlme Cycle OPEHATION ms('c. Time, mace. CP Use 20.0 0 Yes 55.0 7.5 0 Yes ~14 Card Header l!)O ~14 Card Punch 150-HOO ~23 Card Header 75 ~~4-1 Card Punch :!24-2 Card Punch Stop Time Channel Time, CP Use msee. Use Channel Use Time, msee. CP Use Channel Use <0.1% Yes 6.25n <0.1% Yes 75.0 0 No 92.5 0 No 13.0 0 Yes 46 0.1% Yes 16 0 No 222-1200 6.2 0 Yes 12.5n <0.1% Yes 210 0 No 166-645 3.1 0 Yes 6.25n <0.1% Yes 160 0 No ~27 Card Header 75 21 to 46 0 Yes 44 4.5% Yes 10 0 No ~27 Card Punch 240 42 to 102 0 Yes 176 0.5% Yes 22 0 No 222-1, -2, -3 Printer (51-character set) 92 + 5LS 0 - - 75 8.5% Yes 17 + 5LS 0 No 222-4 Printer (46-chnracter set) - - 46 12.0% Yes 17 + 5LS 0 No 63 + 5LS 0 222-5 Printer (55-character set) 133 + 5LS 0 - - 116 6.5% Yes 17 + 5LS 0 No 209 Paper Tape Reader 2.0 ? 0 Yes Var. 0.1% Yes ? 0 No 210 Paper Tape Punch 8.3 ? 0 Yes Val'. <0.1% Yes ? 0 No 204A-l Magnetic Tape, 32KC - 11.0 a 0 Yes Var. 3.2% Yes Oa - - 204A-2 Magnetic Tape, 64KC - 5.5 a 0 Yes Var. 6.4% Yes Oa - - 204A-3 Magnetic Tape, 89KC - 5. sa 0 Yes Var. 8.9% Yes Oa - - 204B-1, -2 Magnstlc Tape, 20KC - 12. Sa 0 Yes Var. 2.0% Yes oa - - 204B-3, -4 Magnetic Tape, 44KC - 7.5 a 0 Yes Var. 4.4% Yes Oa - - 204B-5 Magnetic Tape, 67KC - 5.8 a 0 Yes Var. 6.7% Yes Oa - - 204B-7 Magnetic Tape, 29KC - 12.58 0 Yes Var. 2.8% Yes 08 - - 204B-8 Magnetic Tape, 64KC - 7. Sa 0 Yes Var. 6.4% Yes Oa - - 204B-11, -12 Magnetic Tape, 13KC - 18.7 a 0 Yes Var. 1.3% Yes oa - 270 Random Access Drum - 25.0 0 Yes Var. 10.2% Yes 0 - - 251 Mass Memory 16.7 94 avo 0 Yes Var. 10% Yes - 0 No 252 Mass Memory 16.7 150 avo 0 Yes Var. 10% Yes 0 No 253 Mass Memory 16.7 225 avo 0 Yes Var. 10% Yes 0 No a Cross-gap time for short gap (replaces start and stop times). Number of lines skipped between successive printed lines. Number of characters punched. Data transmission time varies with record length. LS n Var. 7/66 Data Transmission Time, A AUERBACH '" - - 514:201.001 ~., AUERBACH STAMOUO EDP HONEYWELL 2200 SYSTEM PERFORMANCE REPORTS SYSTEM PERFORMANCE GENERALIZED FILE PROCESSING (514:201.100) These problems involve updating a master file from information in a detail file and producing a printed record of each transaction. This application is one of the most common commercial data processing jobs and is fully described in Section 4:200.1 of the Users' Guide. Because the Honeywell 2200 is capable of multiprogrammed operation, the central processor time requirements are shown on all of the graphs in addition to the usual curves of elapsed time (i. e., total processing time). The difference between the curves of elapsed time and central processor time represents the amount of central processor time that is potentially available for concurrent processing of other programs. In order to show its true potential for business data processing in a varity of equipment configurations and operational modes, the Honeywell 2200's performance on the Standard File Problems has been analyzed for two different cases, as described in the following paragraphs: (1) Conventional processing with on-line card reading and printing. (2) Tape-to-tape processing with off-line card-to-tape and tape-to-printer transcriptions. Conventional Processing (Configurations III, IV, and VIlA) In Configurations III, IV, and VIlA, the master files are on magnetic tape. The detail file is assigned to the on-line card reader and the report file to the on-line printer. For Problems A, B, C, and D, the printer is the controlling factor at high, moderate, and low activities. One master-file tape controls at activities near zero. In Configuration IV, for Problems A, B, C, and D, the auxiliary read/write channel is interlocked because of the high speed of the tapes used, and only three read/write channels are available. At low activity, the two magnetic tape units assigned to one read/write channel become the controlling factor for Configurations IV and VIlA (the higher horizontal line segment on graph 514:201.100). When the activity becomes low enough so that the combined times for the printer and card reader become less than the combined time for the tapes, the printer and card reader are assigned to one channel and the two tapes are assigned to two separate channels (the sloping straight line). Near zero activity, the combined times for the printer and card reader become lower than the time for each tape, so a single tape unit becomes the controlling factor (the lower horizontal line segment). Tape-to-Tape Processing (Configuration VIlB) In tape-oriented Configuration VIlB, all four files are on magnetic tape. Data transcriptions between tape and card or printer are performed off-line on a satellite system in this configuration, and timings for the transcription operations are therefore not shown. For Configuration VIlB, with blocked or unblocked detail and report files, one master-file tape and the report-file tape are the controlling factors at all activities in Problems A, B, and C. In Problem D, for Configuration VIlB with blocked files, the central processor is the controlling factor at high activity. The report-file tape and one master-file tape are controlling at activities near zero. The Problem D curve for the case of unblocked files is the same as that for Problem A. SORTING (514:201. 200) The standard estimate for sorting 80-character records on magnetic tape (graph 514: 201. 200) was developed from the time calculated for Standard File Problem A by the method explained in Paragraph 4:200.213 of the Users' Guide. The times for Honeywell's SORT C routine (graph 514:201. 220) were calculated from timing formulas supplied by Honeywell. MATRIX INVERSION (514:201. 300) In matrix inversion, the object is to measure central processor speed on the straightforward inversion of a non-symmetric, non-singular matrix. No input-output operations are involved. The standard estimate is based on the time required to perform cumulative multiplication(c = c + aibQ in 8-digit-precision floating point, as explained in Paragraph 4:200.3 of the Users' Guide. The precision of floating-point operations is equivalent to approximately 11 digits in the Honeywell Series 200. © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 7/66 514:201,002 HONEYWELL 2200 GENERALIZED MATHEMATICAL PROCESSING (514:201.400) This problem measures overall system perfol'lnance on a simple mathematical application that involves widely varying ratios of input-to-computation-to-output volumes, as described in Section 4:200.4 of the Users' Guide. WORKSHEET DATA TABUE I (STANDARD FILE PROBLRM A) CONFIG URA TION ITEM IV VilA VIIB (blocked Fih~8 3 and 4) VIIB (unblocked Filml 3 and 4) (I'll" L) I. {lHO I, ORO I, ORO I,OBO 1.080 Hl~('(lrds /blO(~k K (File 2) 10 10 10 10 10 llu:l('('/hlm'k Fill' 1 Fill' :! !is. !i 23.5 23.5 23,5 7!i 75 75 20.0* l2H 94 128 25.0* Char/block SI;ln,I:II',1 Filp :1 Fill' Pl'nhl t 'l1l A Fill' 4 nUH'c,.' ! switch Input- III OutPlIt Tinw:-; Filt' 1 Filt· - l'l'ntl'al Pt'(.lt't'S$Ol' Tin1l"~ FHC" 1 I-"-=-,--'.Fill' 2 File :1 ~--- :lnCt' :It F 1.\) 1.1 1.1 1.1 0.1 0.1 n, B* 5,li 5,5 5.5 1. 2* 0.22 0.22 0.22 0,57 0.57 0.57 msC'C Idl'tail b6 0.09 0.09 0.09 mSf.'c,"wol'k bii + uO I. IB LIB LIB ms('c/l't"'pol't b7 b8 0.63 0,63 0,63 mSl'('/block 0,2 5.7 a3 K 19.0 19.0 1.1 1.1 fat' C.P. and File 1: Master In ~M~ column. ~:;~~:s ===11- 1 . l Total Unit of measurp 0.2 n.22 ----+----~ 0.57 0.09 0-:0;- 1. IB 1. 18 ~ ---:.:...:.-=--+--0.63 0.2 19.0 19.0 19.0 1. 1 1. I I. 1 5.7 - r - ""5.7'""r- -rr,.7 - 1.0 4:200.11:12 - - -f----t, 1:--+--- -t-_-'_01'=,·.':'SI-:--_+1--:2:-::3'--.5=-t---:1.-:I=~t~-~2::-3...:..~_5-1 4:200.114 O.R 55.0 I, 2S055. 0 940-+-5:-:5-:-.-=-0- -I1-:1"',"'2"'BO::-t 8:1.1 1. ""0 940 R3.1 0.12 0.2 ' - - - I -__-t-· - 1 - -1-.-1-+~I-- - 1.0 -t-----~ R3.1 1,280 -""1:-.-::2~1-25.0~.2 ~1.O 116. !j 29.1 4S.5 29.1 charaet('rs 4. :l00 ...... routim~5 Std. - Storag:l' SP:1(·'(' Rl'quil"l'ct 0.2 .- ~ 1 R2K dominant 110 1.1 0.22 a2 3 Svstl'lll Pl'l'fol'lll- 1.1 0,1 mSt'c/}'('('ol'd I 4:220.112 -+---~ - Fill' 4 I11st'l:.ihlm'k R. H -+----~ Pill' 2 a Fill> 4 mAt'e pt'naity - REFER~;NCE ~- 18 ----612 ~~ 2.334 ~- 4.720 3 (BlockS~ lOR Working 12,092 Total * 4,300** 4.300** 75 4,300"'* 4.:l00* ---7:-:5-- -+---7~ - -IB- - --11--- -=-:-:---1----'6:':'12'--+612 r.l~ 612 ---'2:-,-::3:;:'34 2.334 2.~~~ 2,334 ,..---.---1----,4-"-:-:.20 S,320 4.7204,720 -'-:-:,.,.---I----:I':'OB - - t - - --:1"'08:--- f-----:10; ; - lOB 12.092 12.149 4:200.IF.l 12~~ 15. 74!l Blocked 10 records per hlock. Includes estimated storage requirements for Tape ]/0 Package. II'ORKSHEET DATA TABLE 2 (STANDARD MATHEMATICAL PROBLEM A) CONFIGURATION ITEM VIlA .; Floating point Fixed/Floating point Unit name ~- 1 - - - output Standard :\1:lthematical Prohlem A Size of record msee/block 7/66 222-3 Printer 204B-8 Magnetic Tape BO BO BO input 75 .!L... - - - T2 ~!L. output T4 ~e~ ____ T5 ~l~ ____ ~ msee/report 204B-8 Magnetic Tape 120 output msce penalty Floating point 223 Card Reader output ~- I- T7 ---- 111-:F 1·:11 1-::01(,1' VIm - - B. B - - - -8.8- - - - 12B 0.1 ---- 5.5 B.44 4.B4 ---1.46 fA AUERBACH ---- 0.1 0.1 4:200.41:1 - 8.44 - - - 4-.-B-4-- - --------1.46 ,/ (Contd. ) 514: 20 I. 100 SYSTEM PERFORMANCE .1 GENERALIZED FILE PROCESSING .11 Standard File Problem A . 114 Graph: . . . • . • • . . . . see graph below . .115 Storage space required Configuration III: ..• 12,092 characters • Configuration IV: .•. 12,092 characters. • 111 Record sizes - Master file: . • . . . . Detail file: ..•••.• Report file: •••..•• .112 Computation: .••.••. .113 Timing basis: .•...• 108 characters. 1 card. 1 line. standard. using estimating procedure outlined in Users' Guide, Configuration VIIB (blocked files 3 & 4): 15,749 characters. Configuration VIIB (unblocked files 3 & 4): • . . . • • • . • 12,149 characters. Configuration VIlA: . 12,149 characters. 4:200.113. 1,000.0 7 4 2 100.0 7 4 Time in Minutes to Process 10,000 Mastel' File Records 2 ~ 10.0 7 .- 4 . / ./" /' 2 ~ -- V/ ~{;~ 'lUB .,. "",,",VIIA_ 7 -" ---- tr'-- ./' ~" . --- - 1'1 'lIlA Cp111. • \TUB _ _ - -~ I" 2 ~ // 1.0 4 -- rJ' 'lIlB _Cp- ____Cp - - ~- 1.0 - ~ 0.1 0.0 O. 1 0.33 1.0 Activity Factor Average Number of Detail Records Pel' Master Record (Roman numerals denote standard System Configurations.) LEGEND - - - - - - - - - - - Elapsed time; unblocked Files 3 & 4 __ _ -- _ - - Elapsed time; blocked Files 3 & 4 - - - - C P - - - Central processor time © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 7/66 514:201. 120 .12 HONEYWELL 2200 Standard File Problem B .122 Computation: ••••••. standard . • 123 Timing basis: •.••.• using estimating procedure outlined in Users' Guide, 4:200.12. • 124 Graph: .••••••••.. see graph below. .121 Record sizes Master file: • . . . . • 54 characters. Detail file: ..••••• 1 card. Report file: . . . . • • . 1 line. 1,000.0 7 4 ./ 2 100.0 7 4 Time in Minutes to Process 10,000 Master File Records - 2 10.0 7 4 2 1.0 i"" // V/ If' III/; VIlB , .... I 7 prVIIA 4 2 .- ~ ./ ./ ./ ...... ~ ""'.~C~/ ..,..,.. .....-- ~. J. ----- iC~ ~-- ~ Jii'" - &---I--Cl'- --"nA ~ Cl'~ll, IV, V --- _~lk _ _Cl' VIlI.L._- -- ...... 1.0 ::;;;;;;;;iiOi O. 1 0.0 O. 1 0.33 1.0 Activity Factor Average Number of Detail Records Per Master Record (Roman numerals denote standard System Configurations.) LEGEND _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Elapsed time; unblocked Files 3 & 4 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Elapsed time; blocked Files 3 & 4 - - - - C P - - - Central processor time 7/66 A (Contd.) AUERBACH '" 514:201. 130 SYSTEM PERFORMANCE .13 Standard File Problem C .132 Computation: .•••.•• standard . • 133 Timing basis: ••.••• using estimating procedure outlined in Users' GUide, 4:200.13. • 134 Graph: ••.••••••.• see graph below. .131 Record sizes Master file: ••..•• 216 characters. Detail file: .•••••. 1 card. Report file: •.••••. 1 line. 1,000.0 7 4 2 100.0 7 4 Time in Minutes to Process 10,000 Master File Records - 2 10. 0 7 ./' /./ 4 // III 2 1.0 7 4 2 '" I'" .- ---- /jt' -' L - // -- .--CV l/ ----- VUB _ ... VIIB i'J ' VIlP-4.11. --""" _cP- J!Il#-==-- CP- I--"" --- ::YJ1B... _CP 1.0 - O. 1 0.0 O. 1 0.33 1.0 Activity Factor Average Number of Detail Records Per Master Record (Roman numerals denote standard System Configurations.) LEGEND _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Elapsed time; unblocked Files 3 & 4 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Elapsed time; blocked Files 3 & 4 _ _ - C P - Central processor time © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 7/66 514: 20 1. 140 .14 HONEYWELL 2200 Standard File Problem D .142 Computation: •.•.•.• trebled • • 143 Timing basis: ..•.•. using estimating procedure .141 Record sizes - outlined in Users' Guide, Master file: ..•••• 108 characters. Detail file: . . . . • . • 1 card. Report file: .•.•... 1 line. 4:200.14. .144 Graph: ...•••.•.•. see graph below. 1,000.0 7 4 2 100.0 i 4 Time in Minutes to Process 10,000 Master File Records - 2 10.0 . 7 ./ /~ 4 2 1.0 7 4 2 -- -- -...... ..... // ~ W p-VIIA __ ., tf"-- - .. VllB ~~lll\ C1' \\\, -rJ ' - -------- _...- ---- -' C~' ~- -1.0 VllB......... ~\~ C1'-'" /_: r~ ~ O. 1 0.0 0.1 1.0 0.33 Activity Factor Average Number of Detail Records Per Master Record (Roman numerals denote standard System Configurations.) LEGEND _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Elapsed time; unblocked Files 3 & 4 _ _______ _ Elapsed time; blocked Files 3 & 4 ___ _ _ _ Central processor time 7/66 A ,/ (Contd. ) AUERBACH '" 514: 20 I. 200 SYSTEM PERFORMANCE .2 SORTING .21 Standard Problem Estimates .212 Key size: . . . . . . . . . 8 characters . . 213 Timing basis: . . . . . . using estimating procedure outlined in Users' Guide, 4:200.213 . . 214 Graph: . . . . . . . . . . . see graph below . . 211 Record size: . . . . . . . 80 characters. 1,000 7 4 2 100 7 1/ II 4 V ~V 2 II~ tV 1/~ Time in Minutes to Put Re cords into Required Order 10 ~ . ~ / 7 ~)' ) / 4 / 2 V V 1 ,/ ,/ ,/ 7 / I III ........ 1.0 / ,/ ~ 4 / / 2 0.1 100 2 4 7 1,000 2 4 7 10,000 2 4 7 iOIl,O()O Number of Records (Roman numerals denote standard System Configurations.) © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 7/66 HONEYWELL 2200 514:201.220 .223 Timing basis: . . . . . . timing formulas supplied by Honeywell . . 224 Graph: . . . . . . . . . . . see graph below . . 22~ORT C Times . 221 Record size: . . . . . . . 80 characters . . 222 Key size: . . . . . . . . . 8 characters. 1,000 7 4 2 100 7 II 4 17 ~ 2 17 / Time in Minutes to 10 Put Records into Required Order 7 7 IJIII ~~~ .I.!~' 10 .A I ~ 4 ~ 2 / 1I V / 1 V )1 1I 7 ... 1.0 ./ V / 4 V 2 0.1 2 100 4 7 4 2 7 1,000 2 4 10,000 7 100,000 Number of Records (Roman numerals denote standard System Configurations) 7/66 A (eontd. ) AUERBACH ® 514: 20 1. 300 SYSTEM PERFORMANCE .312 Timing basis: . . . . . . using estimating procedure .3 lVlA TRIX INVERSION . 31 Standard Problem Estimates outlined in Users' Guide. 4:200.312 . .313 Graph: . . . . . . . . . . . see graph below . . 311 Basic parameters: ... general, non-symmetric matrices. lIsing floating point to at least R decimal digits. 10.0 I 7 I I I 4 1/ 2 IJ 1.0 ... 1.0 7 II 4 II 2 I Time in Minutes for Complete 0.1 Inversion 7 I I 4 I 2 I / 0.01 I 7 I I I 4 II 2 ~ 0.001 2 1 4 2 1 4 10 1 2 4 100 7 1. 000 Size of Matrix (For all configurations equipped with the Scientific Option) © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 7/66 514:201.400 HONEYWELL 2200 .4 GENERALIZED MATHEMATICAL PROCESSING .412 Computation: . . . . . . . 5 fifth-order polynomials, 5 divisions, -I square .41 .standard Mathematical Problem A Estimates root; ll-digit precision floating-point mode . . 413 Timing basis: . . . . . . using estimating procedure outlined in Users' Guide, 4:200.413. .414 Graph: . . . . . . . . . . . see graph below. .411 Record sizes: . . . . . . . 10 signed numbers. avg. size 5 digits', max. size 8 digits. 10,000 7 4 2 1,000 7 4 ~" 'I" 2 A~ VIlA (R = 1. 0) /. ~ Time in 100 Milliseconds per Input Record 7 VIIA(R ./ 0.01, 0.1) '/ I 0'. ~~~ 4 "\1\\'\'> 2 ~ ~'l ~\\'\'> _... -- 10 7 <;:,\.' <;:,. 4 2 1 ~ 2 0.1 4 7 4 2 7 2 10.0 1.0 4 1.0 7 100.0 C, Number of Computations per Input Record 7-'66 (Contd. ) A AUERBACH ® ~ HONEYWEll 4200 Honeywell EDP Division AUERBACH INFO, INC. PRINTED IN U. s. A. ( .. ,HONEYWEll 4200 Honeywell EDP Division AUERBACH INFO, INC. PRINTED IN U. S. A. 516:011. 100 A. ~';;p AUERBAC~ HONEYWELL 4200 INTRODUCTION RHOR1S _ _.....---...J INTRODUCTION The Honeywell 4200 Processor can be connected to any of the Honeywell Series 200 peripherru. units, can use any of the Series 200 programming languages, can run most programs originru.ly written for an IBM 1401, 1410, or 7010, and can operate in a multiprogrammed mode, using the Storage Protect feature to help insure safe handling of the two concurrently-operating programs. The 4200 Processor can contain from 65,556 to 524,288 characters of core storage, with a cycle time of 0.75 microsecond per four characters. Standard features of the Honeywell 4200 include: Program Interrupt, Multiply-Divide, Advanced Programming, Edit Instruction, 8-Bit Code Handling, eight read/write channels, 32 peripherru. address assignments, and table lookup instructions. Optionru. features are: Scientific Unit (Goating-point arithmetic), Storage Protect, and eight additionru. read/write channels and 16 peripheral address assignments. The rentru. for typicru. Honeywell 4200 systems is expected to range from $16,400 to $25,500 per month. Deliveries will begin in October 1967. This report concentrates upon the characteristics and the performance of the Honeywell 4200 in particular. All the generru. characteristics of the Honeywe 11 Series 200 computers, peripherru. equipment, and software are described in Computer System Report 510: Honeywell Series 200 - Generru.. The System Configuration section which follows shows the Honeywell 4200 in the following System Configurations: III: IV: V: VI: VIIA: VIlB: VIllB: 6-Tape Business System 12-Tape Business System 6-Tape Auxiliary Storage System 6-Tape BUSiness/Scientific System 10-Tape Generru. System (Integrated) 10-Tape Generru. System (paired with the Model 120) 20-Tape Generru. System (paired with the Model 120) These configurations were prepared according to the rules in the Users' Guide, page 4:030.120, and any significant deviations from the standard specifications are listed. Section 516:051 provides detailed central processor timings for the Honeywell 4200. The input-output channel capabilities of the Honeywell 4200, and the demands upon the processor during input-output operations, are described in Section 516:111. Several levels of software support can be used with Honeywell 4200 systems. The two versions of Operating System - Mod 1 can be used, providing software packages that are resident on either magnetic tape or mass storage devices. Several levels of COBOL and FORTRAN language processors and Easycoder assemblers are offered with Operating System - Mod 1. Automatic stacked-job processing facilities and several data management routines are ru.so provided. Honeywell 4200 systems that have at least 49K characters of core storage can also use the advanced software of the Operating System - Mod 2, featuring automatic program scheduling and improved language processors. These software systems and the Series 200 Basic Programming System are described in Sections 510:151 through 510:193. The overall performance of any Honeywell Series 200 system is heavily dependent upon the processor model used. A full System Performance analysis of standardized configurations utilizing the Honeywell 4200 processor is provided in Section 516:201. © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 7/66 516:031. 100 /!&• AUERBACH SUMDARII EDP HONEYWELL 4200 SYSTEM CONFIGURATION REPORTS SYSTEM CONFIGURATION The Honeywell 4200 Processor contains either 8 or 16 input-output channels and either 32 or 48 peripheral address assignments. This means that up to 48 peripheral devices or controllers can be connected, and a maximum of 16 data transfer operations can occur simultaneously with internal processing. The connections between devices and channels are established under program control. Any of the available Series 200 peripheral units can be connected to a Honeywell 4200 Processor. These peripheral units are described in detail in the main Series 200 Computer System Report, and their trunk requirements are summarized in the main System Configuration section, page 510:031. 100 . .1 6-TAPE BUSINESS SYSTEM; CONFIGURATION III Deviations from Standard Configuration: . . . . . . . . card reader is 60% faster. printer is 30% faster. console typewriter input is included. ability to read and write magnetic tape simultaneously is standard. core storage is 200% larger. Equipment Rental* 4201-1 Processor with 65,536 characters of core storage 223 Card Reader and Control: 800 cards/min 310 208-1 Card Punch Control 214-1 Card Punch: 100 to 400 cards/min 155 310 222-3 Printer and Control: 650 lines/min (120 print positions) 925 203B-4 Tape Control Unit 204B-7 Magnetic Tape Units (6): 28,800 char/sec (800cpi) 220-3 Console (includes Teleprinter) Optional Features Included: .................... $10,660 435 2,460 310 none. TOTAL RENTAL: * The rental prices quoted are for a one-year monthly rental base term agreement. same configuration with a five-year agreement leases for $14,460 per month. © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. $15,565 The 7/66 HONEYWELL 4200 516:031. 200 .2 12-TAPE BUSINESS SYSTEM; CONFIGURATION IV card reader is 20% slower. card punch is up to 50% slower. core storage is 100% larger. Deviations from Standard Configuration: . . . . . . . . Equipment Rental* 4201-1 Processor with 65, 536 characters of core storage 223 Card Reader and Control: 800 cards/min 310 208-1 Card Punch Control 214-1 Card Punch: 100 to 400 cards/min 155 310 222-4 Printer and Control: 950 lines/min (120 print positions) 1,305 203B-2 Tape Control Unit 204B-5 Magnetic Tape Units (6): 64,000 char/sec 435 3,690 203B-4 Tape Control Unit 204B-5 Magnetic Tape Units (6): 64,000 char/sec 435 3,690 220-3 Console (includes Teleprinter) Optional Features Included: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310 none. TOTAL RENTAL: .3 $10,660 $21,250 6-TAPE AUXILIARY STORAGE SYSTEM; CONFIGURATION V This configuration is identical to Configuration III (preceding page) except for the addition of one 250 Mass Memory Control and one 251 Mass Memory File, which provide 15 million characters of storage and bring the total system rental to $16,570 per month for a one-year term agreement. Rental under the five-year agreement is $15, 360 per month . .4 6-TAPE BUSINESS/SCIENTIFIC SYSTEM; CONFIGURATION VI This configuration is also identical to Configuration III, except for the addition of the Scientific Unit. The cost of this unit is $510 per month on a one-year term agreement and $490 per month for the five-year agreement. Core storage requirements for Configuration VI are satisfied by the minimum-sized 65K-character Model 4201-1 Processor. * The rental prices quoted are for a one-year monthly rental base term agreement. The same configuration with a five-year agreement leases for $19,760 per month. (Contd. ) 7/66 A AUERBACH '" 516:031. 500 SYSTEM CONFIGURATION .5 IO-TAPE GENERAL SYSTEM (INTEGRATED),; CONFIGURATION VIIA Deviations from Standard Configuration: . . . . . . . . . . .. card reader is 60% faster. printer is 30% faster. Rental * Equipment 4201-2 Processor with 98,304 $11,650 characters of core storage 220-3 Console (includes type- 310 writer and direct control) 222-3 Printer and Control (120 print positions): 925 650 lines/min Optional Features Included : 223 Card Reader and Control: 800 lines/min 310 208-1 Card Punch Control 214-1 Card Punch: 100 to 400 cards/min 155 310 203B-4 Tape Control Unit 204B-8 Magnetic Tape Units (5): 64,000 char/sec 435 3, 075 203B-4 Tape Control Unit 204B-8 Magnetic Tape Units (5): 64,000 char/sec 435 3,075 Scientific Unit 510 TOTAL RENTAL: * The rental prices quoted are for a one-year monthly rental base term agreement. configuration with a five-year agreement leases for $19,680 per month. © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. $21. 59() The same 7/66 HONEYWELL 4200 516:031. 600 .6 lO-TAPE GENERAL SYSTEM (PAIRED); CONFIGURATION VIIB Deviations from Standard Configuration: . . . . . . . . . . .. card reader is 700% faster. direct connection to satellite system. Rental * Equipment 4201-1 Processor and Console with 65,536 characters of core storage 223 Card Reader and Control: 800 cards/min 203B-4 Tape Control Unit 204B-8 Magnetic Tape Units (8): 64,000 char/sec $10,660 310 435 4,920 220-3 Console (includes Teleprinter and direct control) 310 212-1 On-Line Adapter Unit (for connection to H-120 Processor) 410 Scientific Unit 510 To Satellite System (next page) Optional Features Included: TOTAL ON-LINE EQUIPMENT: $17,555 TOTAL SATELLITE EQUIPMENT: $ 3,610 TOTAL RENTAL: * The rental prices quoted are for a one-year monthly rental base term agreement. $21, 165 The same configuration with a five-year agreement leases for $19,605 per month. ,/ (Contd.) 7/66 A AUERBACH @ 516:031. 601 SYSTEM CONFIGURATION .G CONFIGURATION VnB (Contd.) SATELLITE EQUIPMENT (Honeywell 120) Deviations from Standard Configuration: ... card reader is 20% slower. ability to overlap printing and one input-output operation with computing is standard. console typewriter input is included. 6 index registers. Equipment Rental 121-2 Central Processor Console with 4, 096 character $J,OOO positions of core storage I/O Adapter (Non-Simultaneous) 155 214-2 Card Reader/Punch: Reads: 400 cards/min Punches: 100-400 cards/min 360 203B-4 Tape Control Unit 204B-7 Magnetic Tape Units (2): 28,800 char/sec 435 820 122 Printer: 450 lines/min (120 print positions) 510 220-1 Console 205 (includes Teleprinter) To Model 4200 System (previous page) Optional Features Included: Advanced Programming Edit Instruction TOTAL SATELLITE EQUIPMENT: © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 75 50 $3,610 7/66 HONEYWELL 4200 516:031. 700 .7 20-TAPE GENERAL SYSTEM (PAIRED); CONFIGURATION VIllB Deviations from Standard Configuration: . . . . . . . . . . .. direct connection to satellite system: card reader is 700% faster. magnetic tape is 20% slower. Rental* Equipment 4201-3 Processor with 131,072 characters of core storage $12,690 223 Card Reader and Control: 800 cards/min 310 203B-4 Tape Control Unit 204B-9 Magnetic Tape Units (8): 96,000 char/sec 435 6,560 203B-4 Tape Control Unit 204B-9 Magnetic Tape Units (8): . 96,000 char/sec 435 6,560 220-3 Console (includes Teleprinter and direct control) 310 212-1 On-Line Adapter Unit (for connection to Honeywell 200 Processor) 410 Scientific Unit 510 To Satellite System (next page) Optional Features Included: TOTAL ON-LINE EQUIPMENT: TOTAL S~TELLITE EQUIPMENT: TOTAL RENTAL: $28,220 $ 6,675 $34,895 * The rental prices quoted are for a one-year monthly rental base term agreement. The same configuration with a five-year monthly agreement leases for $32,080 per month. (Contd.) 7/66 A ., AUERBACH 516:031. 701 SYSTEM CONFIGURATION .7 CONFIGURATION VIllB (Contd.) SATELLITE EQUIPMENT (Honeywell 120) Deviations from Standard Configuration: ... card reader is 20% slower. card punch is slower. console-typewriter input is included. ability to read and write magnetic tape simultaneously is standard. Equipment Bental 120-3 Processor and Console with 8,192 characters of core storage $1.270 223 Card Reader and Control: 800 cards/min 310 208-1 Card Punch Control 214-1 Card Punch: 100 to 400 cards/min 155 310 222-4 Printer and Control: 950 lines/min (120 print positions) 1,305 203B-4 Tape Control Unit 204B-8 Magnetic Tape Units (4): 64,000 char/sec 435 2,460 220-3 Console (includes Teleprinter) 310 To Honeywell 4200 System (previous page) Optional Features Included: Advanced Programming Editing Instructions TOTAL SATELLITE EQUIPMENT: 75 50 $6,675 i \", © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 7/66 516;051. 100 A STAMDnD EDP AUERBACH HONEYWELL 4200 CENTRAL PROCESSOR R(PDR1S ~ CENTRAL PROCESSOR .1 GENERAL . 11 Identity: .. .12 . Central Processor. Models 4201-1 through 4201-5. Description The Model 4201 Processor performs all the arithmctic and logical functions in a Honeywell 4200 system under control of one or more internally stored programs. The processor works in conjlIDction with a control memory that contains program sequencing, program interrupt, and other associated registers. Only one control memory can be utilized in a Honeywell 4200 system. The 4201 instruction code is basically a twoaddress, add-to-storage type. This code includes all the Honeywell 200 instructions (which are almost identical with those of the IBM 1401), plus alphanumeric comparison and table look-up operations. Fifteen index registers are also included in the basic unit; the instruction repertoire, from a programmer's view, is very similar to that of the IBM 1410 and 7010 systems. Binary addressing is used to minimize instruction sizes; address lengths can vary from two characters to four characters. Four-character addressing is the mode normally used in programs written for the Honeywell 4200; it permits direct addressing of any position within the maximum 524K core memory. The type of addressing in use at any time is controlled by special instructions and can be varied by the programmer as needed. Even with this facility, the multiple addressing modes may lead to complications in the interpretation of diagnostics and in the use of operating systems. The Model 4201 Processor consists of five basic functional units: the main memory, the control memory, the control unit, the arithmetic unit, and the input-output traffic control. The main memory consists of from 65, 536 to 524, 288 alphanumeric character positions of core storage with a cycle time of 0.75 microsecond per 4-character word; see Section 510: 041 for a complete description. Each character position consists of six data bits, one parity bit, and two punctuation bits. The punctuation bits can be used to indicate a word mark, an item mark, or a record mark, which defines the length of a data field or instruction, an item, or a record, respectively. An "item" consists of a group of consecutive data fields. (The IBM 1400 series computers utilize only one punctuation bit - the "word mark" bit - and each record mark occupies an entire character position. The two punctnation bits used in the Honeywell 4200 will decrease data storage requirements and provide increased flexibility in data movement operations. The Extended Move instruction, for example, can be terminated by a word mark, an item mark, or a record mark, as specified by the programmer. ) The control memory is a small magnetic core storage unit with an access time of O. 125 microsecond and a cycle time of 0.25 microsecond. Control memory provides 64 processor control registers, each containing as many bits as required to address all of the installed main memory locations. Instructions are provided to load and store the contents of most of these registers. Of the available 64 processor control registers, only 56 have functions currently assigned to them. The basic Model 4200 Processor includes 24 program registers - 16 for input-output channel control, two sequence control registers, an external interrupt register, A-address and B-address registers, and three processor work registers. Fifteen additional registers are provided if the Scientific Unit (floating-point) feature is installed, and each of these registers contains 18 bits. The optional Storage Protect feature makes use of another control register, and installation of the second set of eight Read/Write Channels provides 16 more control registers. The control unit controls the sequential selection, interpretation, and execution of all stored program instructions and checks for correct (odd) parity whenever a character is moved from one location to another. It also provides for communication with the operator's control panel. The input-output traffic control directs the timesharing of accesses to the main memory by the various peripheral devices and the central procesSOl'. This control operation is associated with the control memories, which contain the control information used by each of the data transfers. Up to sixteen input-output operations can proceed simultaneously under the supervision of the control memory. The basic processor contains eight normal Read/Write Channels; two of them can be split into two subchannels, provided that neither operation proceeds at a higher rate than 45,000 characters per second, which takes into account worst-case conditions. Eight additional Read/ Write Channels are available as an option. The allocation of data transmission channels to input-output trunks is flexible. The actual allocation of a specific peripheral device to a specific channel is initiated by an instruction, rather than by the operator. The arithmetic unit executes all arithmetic and logical operations. It consists of an adder that can perform both decimal and binary arithmetic and two one-character operand storage registers. The 4200 is basically a two-address, add-tostorage system. All operations are performed serially by character and terminated when specific punctuation bit configurations are sensed. This means that operand sizes are fully variable and are limited only by the amount of core storage available to hold them. © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 7/66 HONEYWELL 4200 516:051. 120 . 12 Description (Contd.) The processor is well suited to general data manipulation, including, as standard features, excellent editing capabilities, indexing, indirect addressing, an Item Move instruction, a Move and Translate instruction, multiplication and division, and table lookup instructions. The indexing facilities are comparativcly numerous. Fifteen index registers are supplied as standard equipment, and fifteen more are available when the optional Storage Protect feature is installed. The Move and Translate instructions can effect translations between any two 6-bit codes. A table must be provided for every code into which conversions are to be made, arranged in the order of the bit patterns of the code from which conversion is planned. Handling of 8-bit codes is also provided. Instruction length is variable from one to eleven characters. Arithmetic and data movement instructions are most commonly nine characters long. Through careful placement of data, instructions can sometines be "chained" so that a onecharacter instruction does the work of a ninecharacter one, resulting in savings in both storage space and execution time. Chaining is possible .21 only when a series of operations is to be performed upon items of data stored in consecutive locations, so that the A- and B-AddreSs Registers do not need to be reloaded before each instruction is executed. Typical instruction execution times, using the fourcharacter addreSSing mode, are 10.7 microseconds for a five-digit decimal addition and 81.7 microseconds for a five-digit multiplication. Optional Features Additional 8 Read/Write Channels and 16 InputOutput Trunks: Permits 16 additional peripheral units or controllers to be connected to a Honeywell 4200, and provides up to 8 additional simultaneous data transfers. ./ Storage Protect: Protects the contents of one designated memory area against accidental reference or alteration by unrelated programs; provides 15 additional index registers for use by programs inside the protected area. Scientific Unit: Provides automatic floating-point arithmetic and decimal-binary radix conversion operations. . 14 First Delivery: . . . . . October 1967. .2 PROCESSING FACILITIES Operations and Operands 012eration and Variation .211 Fixed point Add- subtract: Multiply: Divide: .212 Floating point Add- subtract: Multiply: Divide: Provision Radix Size automatic 1 to N char. automatic automatic decimal or binary decimal decimal automatic* automatic* automatic* binary binary binary 36 & 12 bits. 36 & 12 bits. 36 & 12 bits. binary 1 to N char. binary 1 to N char. 1 to N char. 1 to N char. *with optional Scientific Unit . . 213 BooleanAND Inclusive OR: Exclusive OR: Operation and Variation .214 ComparisonNumbers: Absolute: Letters: Mixed: Collating sequence: . 215 Code translation Provision: . . . . . . From: To: . Size: . 7/66 automatic none. automatic Provision branch on high, low, equal, unequal, or zero balance. automatic 1 to N char. none. 1 to N char. automatic 1 to N char. automatic o through 9, then A through Z, with special symbols interspersed . · automatic (using code table constructed by programmer). · any 6-bit or 8-bit code. · any 6-bit or 8-bit code. 1 to N characters. ItA AUERBACH '" ./ (Contd.) 516:051. 216 CENTRAL PROCESSOR .216 Radix conversion Provision: ... From: To: .. . 217 Edit format Alter size: Suppress zero: Round off: Insert point: Insert spaces: Insert $, CR-*: Float $: Protection: · automatic (with Scientific Unit. ). · decimal or binary. · binary or decimal. Provision Comment automatic expand but not contract Size automatic none. automatic automatic automatic automatic optional 1 to N char. · 232 Instruction layout: Part: OP Size (char): A or [ ~,to 4 n 2104 An instruction may consist of: (1) OP only (2) OP,V 1 " (3) OP, Aor I (4) OP, A or I, VI (5) OP, A or I, B (6) OP, A or I, B, VI (7) OP, A, B, VI' V2 (8) OP, A or I, C 1 (9) OP, A or I, C I , C2 (10) OP, A or I, C 1 , C2 , C 3 · 233 Instruction, parts Name Purpose OP: · operation code. · address of an operand or field in core storage . I: . . . . . location of next instruction if a branch occurs. B: · address of an operand or field in core storage. · modifier for an operation code, control field for an I/o instruction, or partial address in a translate instruction. V 2 or C2 : .•••••• · partial address in a translate instruction or control field for an I/O instruction. · control field for an I/O instruction. .234 Basic address str~cture: . . .2 + O. .235 Literals Arithmetic: . · none. Comparisons ,and , · yes; single character. tests: .. ' .. ,' Incr!;lmenting modifiers: .. · none. Masking: . . . . . . . . . yes; single character mask. · 236 Directly addressed operands Internal storage type: . . . . . . . . . • core. Minimum size:. . . 1 character. Maximum size:. . total capacity. Volume accessible: .. total capacity . A: .221 Negative numbers: · 222 Zero:......... · 223 Operand size determination: . · 23 .. absolute value, with B zone bit in units position. .. positive, negative, and unsigned zeros and blanks give same result in decimal arithmetic but are unequal in comparisons. . word mark, item mark, or record mark bits in high or low-order digit position. (Some instructions imply one-character operands. ) Instruction Formats . 231 Instruction structure: . variable; 1 to 11 characters. © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info. Inc. 7/66 HONEYWELL 4200 516:051. 237 .237 Address indexing.2371 Number of methods: . .2372 Name: ...••••.•.. .2373 Indexing rule: . . . • . . . 2374 Index specification: .. 1. indexing. addition (modulo core size) • Address Modifier - first 3 bits of an 18-bit operand or first 5 bits of a 24-bit operand. . 2375 Number of potential indexers: . . . . . . . . . 15 or 30. .2376 Addresses which can be indexed: . . . . . . . all 3- and 4-character addresses. .2377 Cumulative indexing: . none. .2378 Combined index and step: . . . . . . . . . . . . none. · 238 Indirect addressing: .. yes. . 2381 Recursive: . . . . . . . . yes. .2382 Designation: . . . . . . . Address Modifier - first 3 or 5 bits of an operand~ .2382 Control: . . . . . . • . . direct address has no indicator bit. · 24 Special Processor Storage: .' . . . . • . . see Paragraph. 21, Control Memory. .3 SEQUENCE CONTROL FEATURES · 31 Instruction Sequencing · 311 Number of sequence facilities: . . . . . • . . 2; sequence and co-sequence registers. Programmer may switch at will from one to the other by use of Change Sequence Mode instruction. .312 Arrangement: ..•.... one set per processor. .313 Precedence rule: . . . . only one register in use at anyone time. (Programmer indicates the register to be used.) . 314 Special sub-sequence counters: . . . . . . . . none. .315 Sequence control step size: . . . • . . . . 1 character. .316 Accessibility to routines: . . . . . . • . . yes; can be loaded and stored by instruction. .317 Permanent or optional modifier: . . . . . • , . no. · 32 Look-Ahead: •....•. none. · 33 Interruption .331 Possible causes In-out units: . . .. .332 Control by routine: ... each peripheral interrupt can be set or reset individually by the program. All interrupts are inhibited during the operation of an interrupt routine. .333 Operator control: ...• none. . 334 Interruption conditions: Interrupt requested . Interrupt not inhibited. Interrupt routine not in operation. .335 Interruption process Registers saved: ... The active sequencing register is stored. The next instruction is taken from the address given in the interrupt register . The interrupt routine operates and, when completed,causes the original sequence register to be restored. Destination: . . . . . . . 2 different locations, depending on whether interrupt is external or internal. · 336 Control methods Determine cause: ... test indicators for explicit cause. Enable interruption: . by instruction. · 34 .341 Method of control: .•• executive program; see Section 510: 192. · 342 Maximum number of programs: . . . . . . . . one main program and one or more peripherallimited programs. .343 Precedence rules: ... determined by executive program . · 344 Program protection Storage: . . . . . • • . . storage area on one side of movable, logical boundary must not be read, written or tested by a program stored on the other side of the boundary. In-out units: . . • . . . no protection. .35 Multisequencing: . . . . none. .4 PROCESSOR SPEEDS . end of operation, including availability of all error indications. Storage access: .•.. violation of Storage Protection, either by alteration of contents or by reference to contents. Processor errors: .. cannot initiate interrupts. Others: . . . . . . , ..• none. 7/66 Multiprogramming fA. AUERBACH All execution times listed here are based on use of the 4":character addreSSing mode; most instructions require 1. 0 microsecond less time in the 2character and 3-character processing modes. D = operand length in decimal digits. C = operand length in alphanumeric characters. (Contd,) 516:051. 410 CENTRAL PROCESSOR .41 Instruction Times in Microseconds .411 Fixed point: Add-subtract Decimal: . . . . . . . . 5.6 to O. 96D Binary: . . . . . . . . . 5.6 to O. 96C 2 Multiply: . . . . . . . . . 7.9 + 2.5D + 2.5D ; where multiplier and multiplicand are both D digits in length. 2 Divide: . . . . . 14. 9 + 11. 8D + 6D ; where j. the dividend is twice the length of the divisor. (D = no. of digits in divisor. ) .412 Floating point Add-subtract: . . .. 16.0 Multiply: . . . . . . . . 23.0 Divide: . . . . . . . . . . 26.0 .413 Additional allowance for Indexing: . . . . . • . . . 0.75 per modified address. Indirect addressing: . 0.75 per stage. Re-complementing: .. O. 75D .414 ControlCompare: . . . . . . . . 5.6 + O. 47D Branch: . . . . . . . . . 5.6 . 415 Counter control: . . . . . none. .423 Branch based on comparison Numeric data: . . . . . 52. 5 + .47D Alphabetic data: . . . . 52.5 + .47C .424 Switching Unchecked: . . . . . . . 30.0 Checked:. . . . . . . . . 30. 0 .425 Format control, per character Unpack: . . . . . . . . . 1. 2 Compose: . . . . . . . . 2.1 .426 Table Look-up, per comparison For a match: . . . . . . O. 8C For least or greatest: O. 8C For interpolation point: . . . . . . . . . . O. 8C .427 Bit indicators Set bit in separate location: . . . . . . . . 5.6 Set bit in pattern: . . . 6.4 Test bit in separate location: . . . . . . . . 6.4 Test bit in pattern: .. 6.4 .428 Moving: . . . . . . . . . . 5.6 + O. 38C .5 ERRORS, CHECKS, AND ACTION Check or Error Interlock Action Overflow: Zero divisor: Invalid data: .416 Edit: . . . . . . . • . . . . 6.4+ 1. 7C + 1. l(N + Nn). N = no. of characters scanned during zero suppression; Nn = no. scanned for floating dollar sign insertion. Invalid operation: set indicator. set indicator . interrupt or stop. * interrupt or stop. * Arithmetic error: none. Invalid address: limit check Receipt of data: .417 Convert (with Scientific Unit) Decimal to Binary: .. 15. 75 Binary to Decimal: .. 14. 75 Dispatch of data: Reference to protected area: .418 Shift: . . . . . . . . . • • . 5.6 + O. 13N (binary mantissa shift using Scientific Unit, where N = no. of bits shifted). . 42 check overflow check validity check check interrupt or stop. * parity check interrupt or stop. * send parity bit. check interrupt. *Specific action is determined by status of program protect bits . Processor Performance in Microseconds Fixed point . 421 For ran<~om addresses: c=a+bDecimal: . . . . . . . . Binary: . . . . . . . . . b=a+bDecimal: . . . . . . . . Binary: . . . . . . . . . Sum N itemsDecimal: . . . . . . . . Binary: . . . . . . . . . c = ab: . . . . . • . . . . c = alb: . . . . . . . . . .422 For arrays of data c i = a i + bj : , . . . . . • b j = a i + bj : . . . . . . • 11.3 + O. 96D 11.3 + O. 96C 31.0 5.6 + O. 96D 5.6 + O. 96C 31. 0 (5.6 + O. 96D)N (5.6 + O. 96C)N 2 13.5 + 3. 25D + 2. 5D 20.5 + 12. 55D + 6D2 16.0 43.5 45.8 46.9 + 1. 97D 67.6 39.7 + 1. 59D 67.6 Sum N items: . . . . . . 23.9 + 1. 59D 2 c = a + a.b.: . . . . . . . 51. 7 + 4.66D + 2. 5D 1 ) Floating point 35.3 83.5 I \ .. © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 7/66 516:111. 100 fA HONEYWELL 4200 SIMULTANEOUS OPERATIONS AUERBACH e $JalDua EDP RrPDITS SIMULTANEOUS OPERATIONS Input-output operations in the Honeywell 4200 computer system are initiated by the executive program and subsequently supervised by the Control Memory. A fully-expanded Honeywell 4200 system can handle between 8 and 16 input-output operations simultaneously with computing, and can be connected to between 32 and 48 different peripheral units or peripheral controllers. Table I shows the start time, data transmission time, and stop time for most of the Series 200 peripheral operations, along with their demands upon the central processor (CP) and the selected channel. / TABLE I: SIMULTANEOUS OPERATIONS OPERATION Time, mace. Data Transmission msce. CP Use Channel Use Time. CP msce. Use Stop Time Channel Time. CP Use msee. Use Channel Use 21-1 Cnrd Rendl'r ]liO 20.0 0 Yes G5,O <0.1% Yc:'; 75.0 0 No 21·1 Card Punch laO-600 7. ii 0 Yes 6.25n <0.1% Yes 92. !i 0 No ~:!:\ 75 13.0 0 Yes 46 <0.1% Yes 16 0 No 2:!·1-1 Card Punch 335-1210 6.2 0 Yes 12.5n <0.1% Yes 210 0 No 22-1-2 Card Punch 223-(j60 3.0 0 Yes 6.25n <0.1% Yes 160 0 No Card Render en l'd 75 21 to 46 0 Yes 44 0.9% Yes 10 0 No 227 Card Punoh 240 42 to 102 0 Yes 176 <0.1% Yes 22 0 No 222-1, 2, 3 Printer (!iI-character sct) 02 + GiS 0 - - 75 1.7% Yes 17 + 5LS 0 No 222--1 Printer 63 + aLS 0 - - 46 2.4% Yes 17 + 5LS 0 No 133 +·5LS 0 - - 116 I. 3% Yes 17 + 5LS 0 No 209 Paper Tape Reader 2.0 ? 0 Yes Var. <0.1% Yes ? 0 No 210 Paper Tape Punch 8.3 ? 0 Yes Var. <0.1% Yes ? 0 No 20~A-l Magnetic Tape. - 11. On 0 Yes Var. 0.7% Yes oa - - Magnetic Tape. - 5.5 a 0 Yes Var. 1.3% Yes Oa - - 204A-3 Magnetic Tape. 89KC - 5. Sn 0 Yes Var. I.B% Yes Oa - - 204B-l. -2 Magnetic Tape. 20KC - 12. Sa 0 Yes Var. 0.4% Yes Oa - - - 7.5 a 0 Yes Var. 0.9% Yes Oa - - 204B-5 Magnetic Tape. 67KC - 5. Sa 0 Yes Var. 1.6% Yes on - - 204B-9 Magnetic Tape. 96KC - 5.8 0 Yes Var. 1.9% Yes 0" - - 204B-7 Magnetic Tape. 29KC - 20.8 0 Yes Var. 0.6% Yes On - - - 7. Sa 0 Yes Var. 1.5% Yes Oa - - - 18.7 a 0 Yes Var. 0.3% Yes Oa - - 227 Reader (~6-character set) 222-5 Printer (63-chn,racter set) 32KC 20~A-2 6~KC 204B-3. -4 Magnetic Tape. 44KC 204B-8 Magnetic Tape. 64KC 204B-ll. -12 Magnetic Tape. 13KC 270 Random Access Drum - 25.0 0 Yes Var. 2.1% Yes 0 - - 251 Mass Memory 16.7 95 avo 0 Yes Var. 2.0% Yes - 0 No 252 Mass Memory 16.7 150 avo 0 Yes Var. 2.0% Yes - 0 No 253 Mass Memory 16.7 225 avo 0 Yes Var. 2.0% Yes - 0 No a Cross-gap time for short gap (replaces start and stop times). LS n Number of lines skipped between successive printed lines. Number of characters punched. Data transmission time varies with record length. Var. 7/66 Start Time Cycle Time. fA.. AUERBACH ,/ 516:201.001 A , AUERBACH STANDARD ED]? HONEYWELL 4200 SYSTEM PERFORMANCE RfPOItTS SYSTEM PERFORMANCE GENERALIZED FILE PROCESSING (516:201. 100) These problems involve updating a master file from information in a detail file and producing a printed record of each transaction. This application is one of the most common commercial data processing jobs and is fully described in Section 4:200.1 of the Users' Guide. Standard File Problems A, B, and C show the effects of three different record sizes in the master file. Standard Problem D increases the amount of computation performed upon each transaction. Each problem is estimated for activity factors (ratios of number of detail records to number of master records) of zero to unity. In all cases a uniform distribution of activity is assumed. Because multiprogramming is a featured capability of the Honeywell 4200, the central processor time requirements are shown on all of the graphs in addition to the usual curves of elapsed time (i. e., total processing time). The difference between the curves of elapsed time and central processor time represents the amount of central processor time that is potentially available for concurrent processing of other programs. An analysis of the resulting graphs shows that in Standard Configurations III, VI, and VIlA, the central processor is available to process other programs during more than 95% of the total time required to handle the Standard File Problems. In Configuration IV, central processor availability averages about 95% of the total processing time. In Configuration VIlB, central processor availability averages about 75% or 85%, depending upon whether the detail and report files are blocked or unblocked, respectively. In Configuration VIIIB, central processor availability is about 60% or 80%, depending upon whether the detail and report files are blocked or unblocked. In order to show its true potential for business data processing in a variety of equipment configurations and operational modes, the Honeywell 4200's performance on the Standard File Problems has been analyzed for two different cases, as described in the following paragraphs: (1) Conventional processing with on-line card reading and printing. (2) Tape-to-tape processing with off-line card-to-tape and tape-toprinter data transcriptions. Another way of processing that may become standard in Honeywell 4200 systems is to combine these two approaches and run the data transcription operations as separate entities, independent of the main processing run but on the same computer. Times required in this mode of operation, using on-line data transcription routines which are run concurrently with some other main program, can be estimated by using the times shown for Configurations III, IV, VI, and VIlA as the elapsed times required for the data transcription runs, and the times shown for the tape-to-tape operations, Configurations VIlB and VDIB, as the times used by the central processor and by the tape drives during the main processing run. Conventional Processing (Configurations III, IV, VI, and VlIA) In Configurations DI, IV, VI and VIIA, the master files are on magnetic tape. The detail file is assigned to the on-line card reader and the report file to the on-line printer. For Standard File Problems A, B, C, and D, the printer is the controlling factor at high, moderate, and low activities. One master-file tape controls at activities near zero. Tape-to-Tape Processing (Configurations VIIB and VDIB) In tape-oriented Configurations VIIB and VIlill, all four files are on magnetic tape. Data transcriptions from cards to tape and from tape to printer are performed off-line on a satellite system in these configurations, and timings for the data transcription operations are therefore not shown. ( " For Configuration VIlB with blocked or unblocked detail and report files, one masterfile tape and the report-file tape are the controlling factors at all activities in Problems A, B, C, and D. For Configuration VIIIB, with all four files blocked, the report-file tape controls at high activities and one master-file tape controls at moderate and low activities in Problems A and B. In Problem C, one master-file tape controls at all activities. In Problem D, where computation is trebled, the central processor controls at high activities, and one master-file tape controls at moderate and low activities. © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 7/66 516:201. 002 HONEYWELL 4200 In Problems A, B, and D, for Configuration VillB with unblocked detail and report files, the report-file tape controls at high and moderate activities. In Problem C, one masterfile tape controls at moderate activities. At lower activities, one master-file tape is the controlling factor. SORTING (516:201. 200) The standard estimate for sorting SO-character records on magnetic tape (graph 516:201. 200) was developed from the time calculated for Standard File Problem A by the method explained in Paragraph 4:200.213 of the Users' Guide. MATRIX INVERSION (516:201. 300) In matrix inversion, the object is to measure central processor speed on the straightforward inversion of a non-symmetric, non-singular matrix. No input-output operations are involved. The standard estimate is based on the time required to perform cumulative multiplication (c=c + ~bjl in S-digit-precision floating point, as explained in Paragraph 4:200.3 of the Users' Guide. The precision of floating-point operations is equivalent to approximately 11 digits in the Honeywell Series 200. GENERALIZED MATHEMATICAL PROCESSING (516:201.400) This problem measures overall system performance on a simple mathematical application that involves widely varying ratios of input-to-computation-to-output volumes, as described in Section 4:200.4 of the Users' Guide. WORKSHEET DATA TABLE I (STANDAHD FILE PROBLEM A) CONFIGURATION ITEM III & VI I Records/block msee/block Times K ~=~ msee/ switch 129 Central Processor Times msec/record msce/detail maec/work maee/report 6.2 0 ° 6.S -~ -~ _ L -0 4:200.112 -..-.!!.0 _O~ -~ _0.15 1.05 ~.--- r----£.:..0~ ~~ I--~ -~ I---~ ___ o:£.. ~~ _ _ _0_ •.2!, .~ -~ ~~ _0.23 _ _ _O_.O!., r-------£:-0!..- --..Y~ r--~ _ _0_·9!.. c--....Q.!L 4:200.1132 -~ "2 -:-=----- ~.--~.--b7 + bS a2 K ~. ~ 1.05 0.20 ~ 1.05 ~I~ I--~ 0.23* 0.02 _ _ _O_,!~ 0.23* -~ ___ 0_.47 0.25 0.25 C.P. I/O i/o 0.09 0.09 2:2s - r-------£:-4L 0.25 C.P. 0.09 I/O :--2.28 . -:-- ~ -~ 7.66 :---- ..!!:..!!L0.02 _ _ _O.~ 0.09 7.66 ---..!!. :!Z- I--~ _ _ _ O_.~!.. 0.25 0.25 C.P. i/O C.P. 0.09 0.09 I/O c - - ...Q,J1- 0.25 C.P. I/O 0.25 C.F. 0.09 0.09 rua I--- 2.28 1 - 2.'28 , I--- 7.66 t - - r-:r:-as 1'-7,66 7.66 2.28 I/O I-I-- 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 . - 020 r-- '020 - r-o-2o Sis t--02o ~ ii20 1--- r-ozo . - 4:200.114 File 2: Master Out r-o:2O 1--r-r--=I--1 --ii\;I-o~ ru;;-;oe~ 'ii:lB 0.15 O~ FUe I: Master In -=-::-:.-- 0.20 ~ '- File 4: Reports Total _ ~--- ~k.lto23) ~k.24t04S) ~.--Working Total I-Jii:49 2S.54 Unit of measure (characters) ~:routines standard Fae Problem A Space i'ii:OT' .J:!!£.L--FUe 4 -=::--:-::-- 4 - -~ -~ ~O_ ~.~ 1 - - - - - C.P. Cor C. P. and dominant VO column. 1O 17.0 r- ~=FiIe2 -"I' - : ; - - standard Flle Problem A F = 1.0 --a-s - REFERENCE 1,080 1O 17.0 ---'-22.9* 9.3 ~- -~ 0 0 VIllB (Unblocked Files 3 & 4) I,oao 1O 23.5 1- __ 0_ --_.~- -~ 1 - _0_ _ __ 0_ -~ 3 msec/block -~ 25.0 129 VIllB (Blocked Files 3 & 4) 1,080 1O 23.5 ° -- f---'-' - 94 0 ~=Flle2 ..I!kl. _ _ _ -~ File 4 maec/block 1O 10 22.0 22. __ 75_ _ ~- - - ---.- Flle 4 mseo penalty 2 10 58.5 1,080 1,080 1,080 1,080 JFUe I ~--- -~ InputOJtput File 1 Char/block vnB VIIB (Blocked (Unblocked Files 3 & 4) Files 3 & 4) VnA IV 1,290 r-- 1-' 10~49 940 10.49 1,290 28.54 r---.!. 300 !L..-.612 - I~ I~ ~ r-- ~ I-- - 1,290 0.23 25.0 0.23 940 2S.54 1,290 11.01 4S.5 11.01 4.300 4.300 0 0 612 612 4~ 93.0 . 116.5 ----=-0.23 I--19.4 0.23 11.01 19.4 11. 01 r--64 64 ~ ---idOL- 1---4...:!ill!..._O_ ..!L61_2_ _ _ _ _ 6_12_ 61~ _ _ 61L 233L- _2~ ~- f---&.3~ 4:200.1151 0 _ _0_ _ r-- t--- 2,334_ --2,334 2,334 4,720 4.720 4,720 lOS 108 lOS 108 lOS 108 108 12 149 12,149 12,149 15 749 12 149 15 749 12 149 * 832L- _4~ ~- f-----h7~ Records blocked 10 records/block. / (Contd.) 7/66 A AUERBACH I!> 516:201. 100 SYSTEM PERFORMANCE ·1 GENERALIZED FILE PROCESSING · 11 Standard File Problem A .114 Graph: . . . • . . . . . • . see graph below. .115 Storage space required Configurations III, IV, VI, VIlA: . . . . 12, 149 characters. Configurations VIIB & VIIIB (blocked files 3 & 4): . . . . . 15,749 characters. Configurations VIIB & VIIIB (unblocked files 3 & 4): . . . . . 12,149 characters. · III Record sizes - Master file: . . . . • . Detail file: . . . • . . Report file: . . • . .. · 112 Computation: . . • . .. · 113 Timing basis: •...•. lOB characters. 1 card. 1 line. standard. using estimating procedure outlined in Users' Guide, 4:200.113. 4 ~--~~----------~------------------------------~ -- 2 +---~---------+---------------------=--~~~ 'J1.,'l1.~ ~~ 10. 01:==t======t:~~~2==~========1 7 ;-----;-----------~~~~~~~~~~------------------------------~ -" 4 i" 4----+--~~~~~~-4------------------------------~ // Time in Minutes to Process 10,000 Master File Records VIIIB --- 4 ~----~----------~------------------------------~ 2+-~-------+--------------------~) 0.01-+----~-----------+----------------------------------~ 0.0 O. 1 0.33 1.0 Activity Factor Average Number of Detail Records Per Master Record (Roman numerals denote standard System Configurations.) LEGEND I \. Elapsed Time, Unblocked Files 3 & 4. Elapsed Time, Blocked Files 3 & 4. _ _ _ C P _ Central Processor Time. __ - - __ - _ © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc . .I 'J 7/66 516:201. 120 • 12 HONEYWELL 4200 . 122 Computation: . . . . •. standard • .123 Timing basis: •...•• using estimating procedure outlined in Users' Guide, 4:200.12. .124 Graph: . . . • . . . . • • see graph below. Standard File Problem B .121 Record sizes Master file: Detail file: Report file: • • • • •• 54 characters. .••..• 1 card. . . • . .. 1 line. 100.0 7 4 - 2 \~,' 10.0 7 ./ 2 1.0 7 // IJiI! I ~- 0.1 7 J" /' ~ - ~ - -- -----7 ./" ", VillB -' ----- - C~~ --,- 1.0 ..--- "."" ~ ~ "Vl11B ". ./ ~ 4 ,/ / '/7 VITA 4 2 ", ./ ./ 4 Time in Minutes to Process 10,000 Master File Records -- \"'.J "VllB _ - - - - "'.Jl~C;:::::---- -- \:.;0.101\ \"'.J,_ __. • _ - lB ~IB_cP"VI ,.j. --- - .--Cl'- 100- 2 0.01 0.0 o. 1 0,33 1.0 Activity Factor Average Number of Detail Records Per Master Record (Roman numerals denote standard System Configurations.) LEGEND _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Elapsed Time, Unblocked Files 3 & 4. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Elapsed Time, Blocked Files 3 & 4. - - - C P - Central Processor Time. (Contd. ) 7/66 A AUERBACH 516: 20 I. 130 SYSTEM PERFORMANCE . 13 .132 Computation: .••... standard • .133 Timing basis: . . . . . . using estimating procedure outlined in Users' Guide, 4:200.13. .134 Graph: . . . . . . . . . . see graph below. Standard File Problem C .131 Record sizes Master file: Detail file: Report file: . . • . . . 216 characters. .•..•• 1 card. • . . • .. 1 line. 100.0 7 4 -- 2 111, ~ , 10.0 7 ~ "., ./ 4 Time in Minutes to Process 10,000 Master File Records 2 1.0 7 /' ./ 1'l: -- // III, VI I V/ ff/; iF ....-- - ----- vnB - VIIB_----- ~11\1'-- 0.1 7 4 ~C\!~ - ..,. " 1.0 VIllB 4 2 A Vl~-\l 1~,_, '\: ' ~~~-- CP --- _CP- = Cl' ~- 2 0.01 0.0 O. 1 0.33 1.0 Activity Factor Average Number of Detail Records Per Master Record (Roman numerals denote standard System Configurations. ) LEGEND _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Elapsed Time, Unblocked Files 3 & 4. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Elapsed Time, Blocked Files 3 & 4. _ _ _ C P - Central Processor Time. ( \ ',-- © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 7/66 HONEYWELL 4200 516: 20 1. 140 . 14 .142 Computation: .••..• trebled . . 143 Timing basis: • . . . . • using estimating procedure outlined in Users' Guide, ' 4:200.14. .144 Graph: . . . . . . . . . . see graph below. Standard File Problem D . 141 Record sizes Master file: Detail file: Report file: • • • . •. 108 characters. •..••• 1 card. • . . . •• 1 line. 100.0 7 4 -- 2 \\\, 10.0 7 -" ioo"" // 4 // III, VI 2 ~ 1.0 V/ II' brVIIA 7 .- I'1I.~-. 1-i-""" 4 .- .- ~ 7 Time in Minutes to Process 10,000 Master File Records 1'J ~ - 'VIll13 'VI]l_ ~ ./ 2 0.1 , 1 ,~ --~ -- 'V \Tl, \TUA--=CP- ~ .-- VIIIB t.... 1.0 ....~1B_C1?---- ..- '11113, ----;;;; "" ..... -*C~? .... II' 4 2 0.01 0.0 O. 1 0.33 1.0 Activity Factor Average Number of Detail Records Per Master Record (Roman numerals denote standard System Configurations.) LEGEND _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Elapsed Time, Unblocked Files 3 & 4. - - - - - - - Elapsed Time, Blocked Files 3 & 4. _ _ _ C P - Central"Processor Time. (Contd.) 7/66 A AUERBACH ® 516:201. 200 SYSTEM PERFORMANCE .2 SORTING .21 Standard Problem Estimates .212 Key size: . . . . . • . . • 8 characters . .213 Timing basis: . . . • . . using estimating procedure outlined in Users' Guide, 4:200.213 . . 214 Graph: . . • . . . . . . . see graph below . . 211 Record size: . . . . . . . 80 characters. 1,000 7 4 2 100 7 ~ I 4 .:o.y 2 Time in Minutes to Put Records into Required Order 10 0/ "-; , 7 / / 1 4 111 I~ , ,, / 7 V ~ 11 '1 .:0.1/' ~' ~ ~rh ~ / // I 2 II .:0.' '" L 4 V I V III .,., 1.0 "" / / h '/ ,// 2 0.1 100 2 4 7 2 1,000 4 1 2 4 10,000 7 100,000 Number of Records (Roman numerals denote standard System Configurations.) © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 7/66 516:201. 300 HONEYWELL •3 MATRIX INVERSION . 31 Standard Problem Estimates 4~00 .312 Timing basis: .•...• using estimating procedure outlined in Users' Guide, 4;200.312 • • 313 Graph: ..••.•••.• see graph below • . 311 Basic parameters: .• general., non-symmetric matrices, using floating point to at least 8 decimal digits. 100 I 7 I I 4 I 2 I I / 10 7 Time in Minutes for Complete Inversion 4 J 2 V V 1 ....... 1.0 I 7 I II 4 2 I / I I O. 1 , I 7 I I 4 I 1/ 2 0.01 2 1 4 2 7 4 10 7 2 4 100 7 1.000 Size of Matrix (For all configurations equipped with the Scientific Option) (Contd.) 7/66 fA.. AUERBACH ® SYSTEM PERFORMANCE 516:201. 400 .4 GENERALIZED MATHEMATICAL PROCESSING .41 Standard Mathematical Problem A Estimates .412 Computation: . . . . . . . 5 fifth-order polynomials, 5 divisions, 1 square root; II-digit precision floating-point mode . • 413 Timing basis: . . . . • . using estimating procedure outlined in Users' Guide, 4:200.413. .414 Graph: . . . . . . . . . . . see graph below. .411 Record sizes: •.•...• 10 signed numbers. avg. size 5 digits; max. size 8 digits. 10,000 7 4 2 1,000 7 4 2 VIlA (R=1. 0) Time in 100 Milliseconds per Input Record 7 VIlA (A 0.61 ~ 0.1) , " ~ 4 2 ~~~~ V ./ /' ~ 10 7 i.oo"'" ~\\"?o I.] '!:J'~'\0/ ~~"?ol.! "l -~~ 4 2 .... 1 ..... 1.0 2 0.1 4 7 2 1.0 4 7 2 10.0 4 7 100.0 C, Number of Computations per Input Record © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 7/66 HONEYWELL 8200 Honeywell EDP Division AUERBACH INFO, INC. PRINTED IN U. S. A. HONEYWEll 8200 Honeywell EDP Division AUERBACH INFO, INC. PRINTED IN U. S. A. -& . 518:011. 100 SlINDARD /AEDP AUERBAC~ HONEYWELL 8200 INTRODUCTION RHIIRTS INTRODUCTION The Honeywell Model 8200 system, announced in June 1965, is in the unique position of forming the top of the product line for two current Honeywell computer families: the characteroriented Series 200 system and the 48-bit word-oriented Honeywell 800 and 1800 systems. This unusual situation results from the hybrid design of the Model 8200 processing unit which contains a character-oriented processor (closely resembling a Series 200 Model 4200 processor in speed and performance) and a word-oriented processor (based on the logical design of the Honeywell 800/1800 systems but with significant improvements in speed and performance). The Honeywell Model 8200 offers users of the earlier H 800/1800 systems a more powerful, fully compatible processing system at virtually the same cost as their present systems. Typical Model 8200 systems will rent at prices between $30,000 and $50, 000 per month. The 8200 word processor can perform up to 400, 000 three-address instructions per second - almost four times the instruction speed of an H 1800 processor. Also, the main core memory cycle time of the 8200 is 750-nanoseconds per 8-character word, as compared to the core storage cycle time of 2 microseconds per word in the 1800. (The H 800 system is approximately three times slower than the H 1800.) In addition, the Model 8200 provides twice the main memory storage capacity of the H 1800: 1,048,576 characters versus 524,288 characters, respectively; and up to four 8200 memory modules can be accessed simultaneously, as compared to the lack of simultaneous memory access capability in the H 1800. Multiprogramming, or the ability to execute more than one main program concurrently in a single processor, has been for some time an outstanding feature of the Honeywell 1800 systems: up to eight programs can be executed concurrently with no overhead delays incurred by program switching. The Model 8200 processing unit provides the same multiprogramming capabilities as the H 1800, plus many more. The 8200 includes a ninth group of processor control registers that is completely dedicated to usage by an overall system control program, permitting the remaining eight independent groups of processor control registers to be used exclusively by concurrently running user programs. The standard method of multiprogrammed processing in the 8200 word processor consists of hardware assignment of single instruction execution opportunities to each active program in a consecutive, cyclic manner. When the execution of an instruction is initiated by a program, control remains with that program until the instruction is completed. An instruction overlap feature enables the word processor to fetch the next instruction in the multiprogramming sequence while the current instruction is being executed. The Model 8200 processing unit also provides true multiprocessing capability with the inclusion of the character-oriented, variable-length-field (VLF) processor - in addition to the word-oriented processor. Program execution in the character processor can proce.ed independently of the multiprogrammed operations occurring simultaneously in the word processor. In fact, the character processor can itself function in a multiprogramming mode, permitting the concurrent execution of up to two main programs. Both processors share a common main memory and common Honeywell Series 200 peripheral devices. Multiprogramming and multiprocessing operations in a Model 8200 system can take advantage of an extensive interrupt control system and a comprehensive memory protection scheme that features hardware-controlled protection of individual 512-word blocks of main core storage. Inter-processor communication is facilitated through use of specialized instructions in the word processor and a set of privileged instructions reserved for the system I s master control facility. I Effective usage of the potential multiprogramming power of a Model 8200 system is made feasible by provision of a high-capacity, expandable input-output system. An independently operating Input-Output Controller permits up to 34 I/O data transfer operations to be performed concurrently with computing in the word and character processors. The I/O Controller also permits connection of up to 96 peripheral device control units, serviced by up to 48 "floating" input-output channels. The maximum aggregate data transfer rate that can be accommodated by the input-output system is 2,833,333 characters per second. ( Current users of Honeywell Series 200 Model 4200 equipment will probably find that replacement of their 4200 system with a Model 8200 system, for the purpose of expanding their current processing capabilities, is an undesirable step. A typical Model 8200 system is substantially more expensive (approximately $10,000 more per month for processing unit and required mass storage device) than a typical Model 4200 system. Much of the additional expense is due to the fact that the Model 8200 contains two processors - a word-oriented processor and a Series 200 character-oriented processor that provides virtually the same performance as the standard Model 4200 processor. In addition, an upward move to a Model 8200 system from a Model 4200 system ~ © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 7/66 518:011. 101 HONEYWELL 8200 could require a complete re-orientation and re-education of personnel in order to take advantage of what would be a new world of word-oriented processing. This extensive re-orientation probably would not be necessary if the installation writes the great majority of its programs in high-level programming languages. Thus the Honeywell Model 8200 system represents an attractive upward move for users of Honeywell 800 and 1800 systems, but a somewhat questionable move for users of Series 200 systems who desire to upgrade their systems quantitatively, rather than qualitatively. The competitive position of the Honeywell 8200 system with respect to the offerings from the other major computer manufacturers can be indicated by determining the relationship between the 8200 and the IBM System/360. The pricing of the Model 8200 is similar to that of the IBM System/360 Model 65: monthly rental prices typically range between $30,000 and $50,000. In addition, the core storage cycle times of these two systems are roughly equivalent, and the binary arithmetic instruction execution times of the 8200 word processor and the System/360 Model 65 are also very similar. However, the word processor of the Model 8200 can perform typical decimal arithmetic tasks, such as c = a+b, c = alb, from three to five times faster than the Model 65 processing unit, aided largely by the 8200's three-address instructions and add-to-storage logic. As a result, when executing programs that contain an instruction mix that is oriented to processing commercial, decimal information, a Model 8200 processing unit will probably outperform an IBM System/360 Model 65 processing unit. This competitive position of the Honeywell Model 8200 system is also made possible by the availability of the wide range of Honeywell Series 200 peripheral devices - a range that, in general, offers devices that are directly comparable to those offered with the IBM System/360 Model 65. Software support for the Honeywell Model 8200 will consist of a variety of language processors and service programs designed to function under control of a system of integrated supervisory programs. The complete mass memory-resident software system is called the Operating System - Mod 8, and requires permanent use of about 65, 536 characters of core storage and an additional 15 million characters of random-access storage. The Operating System - Mod 8 provides virtually uninterrupted operation of the Model 8200 system; little operator intervention will be required. Automatic and dynamic program scheduling is also provided, designed to utilize as much as possible of the available hardware configuration at all times. The concurrent execution of multiple user programs is also controlled automatically. All software programs provided with the earlier Honeywell 800 and 1800 systems can function without modification in the Model 8200 word processor, and all Series 200 Model 4200 programs can function without modification in the Model 8200 character processor. Because of this high degree of compatibility with current Honeywell computer systems, the Model 8200 will have a large body of time-proven software available for use with its initial systems. Operating System - Mod 8 will include an ASA FORTRAN IV compiler, an ASA COBOL compiler, and a large-scale assembler. All Model 8200 programs, including compilers, will initially operate in a batched job processing mode, although these jobs can be batched from remote locations. Conversational, time-sharing software will be provided some time after initial deliveries of the hardware. The Honeywell Model 8200 system - complete with software - is scheduled for delivery in January 1968. ,/ 7/66 A AUERBACH '" - & ST""" IA AUERBAC~ 518:031. 001 HONEYWELL 8200 SYSTEM CONFIGURATION EDP REPORts ~ SYSTEM CONFIGURATION The Input-Output Controller of the Honeywell 8200 processing unit contains either 16 or 32 input-output channels. Read/write channels associated with the controller are capable of variable assignments under program control. All peripheral devices associated with the Series 200, and selected devices used with the Honeywell 800/1800 systems, can be connected to an 8200 system. In the following system configurations, Honeywell's newer 1/2-inch magnetic tape units are used rather than the 3/4-inch units that are standard on the 800/1800 systems. Selection of the 1/2-inch units was made because the specialized software being developed for use with the Model 8200 system requires the use of 1/2-inch magnetic tape units. Since the Model 8200 consists of a word and character processor within a single system, the use of a satellite computer system in conjunction with the 8200 can frequently be unnecessary. As a result, the two Standard Configurations shown in this section are both integrated systems. However, Honeywell notes that a Series 200 Model 120 system can effectively serve the 8200 as a remote terminal processor or as a local data communications controller or data adapter. © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 7/66 HONEYWELL 8200 518:031: 100 .1 IO-TAPE GENERAL SYSTEM (INTEGRATED); CONFIGURATION VIlA Deviations from Standard Configuration: . . . . . . . . . . . .. two processors are included in basic Processing Unit. mass storage with a capacity of 15 million characters is required for the 8200's Mod 8 operating system. card reader is 60% faster. printer is 30% faster. core storage is 170% larger. 84 additional index registers. Rental * Equipment 250 Mass Storage Control Unit 251 Mass Memory File, 15 million characters $ 335 670 8201-1 Processor with 262,144 characters of core storage 25,580 Input-Output Console (includes typewriter and direct control) 222-3 Printer and Control (120 print positions): 650 lines/minute 925 223 Card Reader and Control: 800 lines/minute 310 208-1 Card Punch Control 214-1 Card Punch: 100 to 400 cards/minute 155 310 !]03B-4 Tape Control Unit 204B-8 Magnetic Tape Units (5): 64,000 char/second 435 3,075 203B-4 Tape Control Unit 204B-8 Magnetic Tape Units (5): 63,520 char/second 435 3,075 / Optional Features Included: ..................... Feature 8214 (permits buffered transfer of 4-character data blocks; also provides 16 additional read/write channels) TOTAL * 1,525 $36,830 The rental prices quoted above represent monthly rental prices under a one-year monthly term agreement. The same configuration under a five-year agreement rents for $34,405 per month. (Contd.) 7/66 A AUERBACH @ 518:031. 200 SYSTEM CONFIGURATION .2 20-TAPE GENERAL SYSTEM (INTEGRATED); CONFIGURATION VIllA Deviations from Standard Configuration: . . . . . . . . . . . .. two processors are included in basic Processing Unit. mass storage with a capacity of 15 million characters is required for the 8200's Mod 8 operating system. core storage is 36% larger. 84 additional index registers. magnetic tape is 20% slower. card reader is 20% slower. Equipment 250 Mass Storage Control Unit 251 Mass Memory File, 15 million character capacity Rental* $ 335 670 8201-1 Processor with 262,144 characters of core storage 25,580 Input-Output Console (includes typewriter and direct control) 222-4 Printer and Control (120 print positions): 950 lines/minute Optional Features Included: ..................... 1, 305 223 Card Reader and Control: 800 lines/minute 310 208-1 Card Punch Control 214-1 Card Punch: 100 to 400 cards/minute 155 310 203B-6 Tape Control 204B-9 Magnetic Tape Units (7): 96,000 char/sec 435 5,740 203B-6 Tape Control Unit 204B-9 Magnetic Tape Units (7): 96,000 char/sec 435 5,740 203B-6 Tape Control Unit 204B-9 Magnetic Tape Units (6): 96,000 char/sec 435 4,920 Scientific Unit (floating-point arithmetic) Feature 8214 (permits buffered transfer of 4-character data blocks; also provides 16 additional read/write channels) TOTAL 760 1,525 $48,655 * The rental prices quoted above represent monthly rental prices under a one-year monthly term agreement. The same configuration under a five-year agreement rents for $45, 115 per month. © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 7/66 518:041. 100 4• AUERBACH STANDARD HONEYWELL 8200 INTERNAL STORAGE CORE STORAGE EDP IIfPORI5 INTERNAL STORAGE: CORE STORAGE .1 GENERAL .11 Identity: ••.••... Honeywell 8201 Core Storage. • 12 Basic Use: • 13 Description processor. This alternating scheme serves to avoid the possibility of one processor dominating the use of a single memory module. Note that the word-oriented processor never has a memory access conflict with itself, since each memory module will contain either all right-halves or all left-halves of stored words. ..•..• working storage. The main memory of the Model 8200 is a core storage unit that consists of either two, four, or eight independent memory modules with a cycle time of 750 nanoseconds. Each memory module stores either 16,384 or 32,768 36-bit (4-character) "half-words." Combinations of these two module sizes make up the four models of 8200 core storage, ranging in size from 32,768 8-character words to 131,072 8-character words (262,144 to 1,048,576 characters). Up to four memory accesses to four different, independent memory modules can occur simultaneously. Consecutive memory addresses are interleaved accross all installed memory modules in the 8200 core storage unit. The central processor can thereby automatically access several memory modules concurrently to speed execution of most instructions. As an example, Figure 1 shows the amount of memory overlap possible with the 8200's word-oriented processor as contrasted with the non-overlapped memory operation of the earlier Honeywell 800 and 1800 processors. Each word of stored data can consist of either one 48-bit word plus 8 check bits or eight characters with six data bits, two punctuation bits, and one parity bit per character. A central memory controller unit routes memory access requests from four potential sources: the Input-Output Controller, the 8200 characteroriented processor, and the "left and right sides" of the 8200 word-oriented processor. The 8200 word processor simultaneously accesses two adjacent memory modules to obtain the left and right side of each addressed 72-bit word. If two or three sources request the same module simultaneously, the memory controller always grants access first to the I/O controller, and then, alternately, to either the character-or-word-oriented 800/1800 00 o A parity bit is provided for each 6-bit character during its recording in core storage. When the stored data is read out of memory, the parity of each character is checked and an error is signalled if improper parity is discovered. Memory protection in the 8200 is provided for each block of 512 words of storage. Each block has an associated four-bit "Lock" register, and each active program element, whether in the character I COMPI - t-- IC-DELI 0 BUFFER ~ CYCLES 8200 A-FETCH I AF B-FETCHI BF I INSTRUCTION FETCH . IF COMPUTEI COMP C-DELIVERyl A- FETCH IC-DELI I~_,---A_F~ Figure 1. Honeywell 8200 Memory Overlap Compared to Non-Overlapped Operations of Honeywell 800 and 1800. © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. / ' ! 7/66 HONEYWELL 8200 518:041. 130 .13 . 14 .16 Description (Contd.) processor or in one of the eight control portions of the word processor, has a four-bit "Key" register. Every memory access, whether to extract an instruction, fetch an operand, deliver a result, or transfer input-output data, requires the use of a memory key. The memory controller compares the key to the lock of the addressed memory block. If a match occurs, the memory access is allowed; if a mismatch is detected, control is transferred to the master control program. Memory locks can be set so that only active program elements that have matching keys can both read and write in the protected parts of memory. Locks can also be set to permit reading of core storage blocks by all active program elementsreserving the privilege of writing in core storage to active program e~ements with matching keys. Finally, locks can be set to allow both reading and writing in a common portion of memory by all active program elements. Availability: •..••.•• January Hl68 • Reserved storage Address Range Purpose Communication withThe word-oriented processor: . . . . . . . . • . . 100 - 107 The master group: 110 - 113 The character-oriented processor: ••• ~ •.. 114 - 117 120 - 123 The I/O Controller: Unit of data: •..• one-half-word of four 9-bit characters. Gain factor: •••.. 2 to 4 modules can be a accessed simultaneously. Data rate: •••.. 1,333, 000 half-words per second per module. Compound data rate: ..••• 2,667,000 to 5,334,000 half-words per second. .3 DATA CAPACITY .31 Module and System Sizes: ... see Table I. .4 CONTROLLER: .5 ACCESS TIMING .52 Simultaneous Operations: ..•. access to any four modules can take place independent· ly of other modules. .53 Access Time Parameters and Variations . • . . . . • •• no separate controller; all required control facilities are included in processor and storage modules. .531 For uniform access (each module) Access time: .••...•...• 0.38 /J-sec. Cycle time: •.••.•.•••. 0.75 /Jsec. For data unit of: ...•.••.. one half':'word (containing four characters) • .2 PHYSICAL FORM .21 storage Medium: magnetic core. .7 PERFORMANCE . 23 Storage Phenomenon: direction of magnetization. .72 Transfer Load Size .29 Potential Transfer Rates With self: ••••.....•..•. one 6-bit character to N 48-bit words; N is limited only by storage capacity. .292 Peak data rates Cycling rates: ..• up to 1,333,000 cps. per module . . 73 Effective Transfer Rate (With Self) 871,000 words/sec (average); 1,332,565 words/ sec (max). 6,968,000 char/sec (average); 10,660,520 chari sec (max) • •8 ERRORS, CHECKS, AND ACTION Error Check or Interlock Action Invalid address: Receipt of data: Recording of data: Timing conflict: check check check check Machine malfunction: Barricade violations: check check transfer to Master Group. controlled by program. controlled by program. resolved automatically by priority control. transfer to Master Group. transfer to Master Group. TABLE 1: MODULE AND SYSTEM SIZES Words: Characters: Packed digits: 8201-3 0/4 0 0 0 2/0 4 0 8 0 0 4 0 32,768 65,536 98,304 131,072 262,144 524,288 786,432 1,048,576 393,216 786,432 1,179,648 1,572,864 *The 48 x 2 10 half-word module is a combination of the two smaller module sizes. 7/66 8201-4 8201-2 8201-1 16 x 2 10 half-word modules: 32 x 2 10 half-word modules: 48 x 2 10 half-word modules*: A AUERBACH '" 518:051. 100 /i&• AUERBACH SUNDIRD EDP HONEYWELL 8200 CENTRAL PROCESSOR REI'8RTS CENTRAL PROCESSOR .1 . 11 GENERAL Identity: .•. . 12 Description . Honeywell 8201 Central Processor. The processing portion of the Honeywell 8200 computer system features both multiprogramming and multiprocessing operations. The 8200 is a multiprocessing system in that it features both a word-oriented and a character-oriented processor, each capable of independent and simultaneous operation. It is a multiprogramming system in that both the word and character processors can concurrently execute more than one program. The word processor is an improved but direct descendant of the earlier Honeywell 800 and 1800 processors, and, as such, features hardware facilities to permit execution of up to eight user programs concurrently. The character processor (or Variable Length Field processor) is compatible with the other processors of the Honeywell Series 200 and most closely resembles the Model 4200 processor. The character processor can concurrently execute up to two main programs. Both processors share a common core storage unit which can be accessed in either 48-bit words or 8 -bit characters. Coordinating the activities of the word processor, the character processor, and a shared Input-Output Controller is the function of a master control facility that uses the specialized "Master Group" of control registers. Program data and control information are passed between the several principal components of the Honeywell 8200 through the use of common buffer areas and interconnecting channels . .121 Word Processor The word processor is made up of eight groups of program control registers, plus a Master Group of control registers and a single Arithmetic Unit. Each program control group consists of 32 program control registers in a control memory unit that has a read/write cycle time of 125 nanoseconds. Figure 2 identifies each of the registers within a group. Each register in a group is 24 bits in length, 6 bits longer than the control registers provided in the earlier Honeywell 800 and 1800 pro' cessors. The additional register bits are used only by certain special instructions that have been added to the basic 8200 instruction set. Multiprogramming control in the Model 8200 word processor is performed largely by hardware alone. A Sequence Register Traffic Controller passes control cyclically - one instruction execution per program - to the nine programs (including the master control program) that potentially can be processed concurrently. Since each program has its own complete set of 32 control registers, including two sequence counters, no program control information need be stored when control passes between programs. Control remains with each program until its entire instruction is executed. This situation occurs because there is only one arithmetic unit in the word processor; partial results of arithmetic instructions could be lost if control were allowed to pass to instructions of another program. Word Processor Program Control Registers External Interrupt Registers Arithmetic Unit Internal Interrupt Registers Arithmetic Unit Character Processor I \ PERIPHERAL DEVICES Figure 1. Logical Diagram of the Principal Components of the Honeywell Model 8200. © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 7/66 518:051. 121 HONEYWELL 8200 .121 Word Processor (Contd.) Instruction Format The basic instruction format of the 8200 word processor consists of four 12-bit fields: the operation code, A address, B address, and C address. The , high-order bit of each address field contains an addressing mode indicator. The remaining 11 address bits can designate one of the 2,048 word locations in a bank of memory. (There are eight banks per memory module and a maximum of eight memory modules per system.) These 11 bits are apperided to the specific bank selector bits contained in the sequence counter register that accessed the instruction. The resultant 23-bit address field represents a direct memory address to potentially 8,388,608 'words of core storage. The current maximum size'of Model 8200 core storage is 131,072 words (see Section 518:041). Thus, the method of direct addressing will facilitate later expansion of the 8200 main core storage unit, and' it also provides the potential capability to address directly a m3,ssive auxiliary core storage unit although Honeywell has given no indication that such a unit is being developed. ' The automatic sharing of processor cycles among programs can be inhibited by the master control facility in order to obtain exclusive use of all available memory cycles. Individual user ,pro.,.. grams can also obtain from the Monitor program dedicated, non-shared use of the word processor. By contrast, whenever active programs do not require immediate use of processor cycles - for example, during input-output operations performed by the independent I/O Controller - the Traffic ' Controller passes processor control to those programs that can utilize processor cycles and loses no cycles while skipping those nondemanding programs. Thus, the Model 8200 word processor is a single processor with effective hardware facilities for executiilg up to eight core-resident user programs concurrently. Switching of control from' program to program is accomplished by hardware without any overhead switching time. The principal advantage of the multiprogramming hardware of the Model 8200 word processor is the fact that each active program has its own set of processor control registers. Program switching by the method of sharingprocessor cycles ,between resident programs has the, same general problem as all other forms of multiprogramming control: its effectiveness is totally dependent upon the nature of the program mix. For exal'nple, the execution of eight compute-bound prog:t:ams running concurrently in the Model 8200 word processor will consume essentially the same amount of time as running these same programs in the conventional sequential batch processing manner. However, when the Model 8200 word processor is executing a balanced mix of I/O and compute-bound programs, definite increases,in throughput, can be gained by processing in a multiprogramming mode rather than in a sequential mode. AUl Depending on the values of the high-order bit of each address and the Memory Designator bit contained in the operation code field of the instruction, several other basic forms of main memory addressing can be specified: indirect addressing, with an addressed program control register (one of 32 , , within each group) providing the actual 23-bit address; indexed addressing; 'using one of the eight index registers within each register group; and indexed indirect addressing, in which the indexed value points to any of the 256 program control registers for accessing the contents of the indicated register or for specifying an operand location in main memory. In addition, all 32 program registers within each of the 8 program control groups can be addressed in the direct 'and indirect modes. The Model 8200 word processor also utilizes an extended instruction format that can occupy two Aritlm1ctic Control Registers Am SC Sequence Counter CSC Cosequence Counter SH Sequence History Register CSH Cosequence History Register UTR Unprogrammed Transfer Register MXR Mask Index Register XO - X7 Index Registers 0 - 7 RO - R7 General Purpose Registers 0 - 7 SO - S7 General Purpose Registers 0 - 7 Ixlxlxlxl .. Key Re&ister I Base Relocation Register Stopper Relocation Register Figure 2. Program Control Registers within a Control Group; eight Control Groups are provided within the Model 8200 Word Processor. 7/66 A (Contd.) AUERBACH ",,--- 518:051. 200 CENTRAL PROCESSOR .2 PROCESSING FACILITIES Note: .21 Unless otherwise indicated, the entries below refer to the capabilities of the 8200 word processor only. The capabilities of the character processor are, in general, identical with those of the Honeywell Model 4200 processor, described in Section 516:051. Operations and Operands Operation and Variation .211 Fixed point Add/ subtract: Provision Radix automatic binary decimal Multiply: automatic binary decimal Divide: automatic binary decimal . 212 Floating point* (available both with and without normalization) - Size 44 11 44 11 44 11 bits + sign. digits + sign. bits + sign. digits + sign. bits + sign. digits + sign . Add/subtract: *automatic binary or decimal 40 & 7. Multiply: *automatic binary or decimal 40 & 7. Divide: *automatic binary or decimal 40 & 7. * Provided only when Scientific Unit is included in word processor. . 213 BooleanAND: Inclusive OR: Exclusive OR: .214 ComparisonNumbers: Absolute: Letters: Mixed: .215 . 216 • 217 . 218 .219 . 22 automatiC} automatic automatic binary. automatic automatic. automatic. character processor only. Code translation: . • . . . • . . Radix conversion .••.••.. Edit format: . . . . . • . . • . . Table lookup: . • . • • . . . . . . OthersAccumulate: .••.•••.•. character character character character processor only • and word processors . processor only . processor only automatic • Special Cases of Operands .221 Negative numbers: .....•• in fixed-point representation, the sign is stored as 4 bits, but used as 1 bit; in floating point, I-bit sign representation is used • • 222 Zero: . . . . . . • • . . . . . . • . positive or negative z~ro possible. These behave differently in alphabetic comparisons but identically in numeric comparisons • . 23 Instruction Formats .231 Instruction structure: .•..• I-word, 3-address instructions. Two-wordinstructions with extended addressing can also be used (see Paragraph .121). . .232 Instruction layout: ....••• see diagram on the following page. © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 7/66 518:051. 233 HONEYWELL 8200 BITS 1 General Instructions Unmasked S 2 / C 3 1st Part of Op Code 4 5 7 6 Memory Designator AIBI C 8 9 10 12 11 13-24 25-36 37-48 2nd Part of Operation Code A B C Operation Code A B C Operation Code A B C A B C S General Instructions Masked / Partial Mask Address C Peripheral Address Peripheral Instructions I/O Channel Device D Simulator Instructions / Remainder of Address I 1 .233 Instruction parts - Name SIC: • • . • . . . . . Op Code: . . . . . . . . Memory Designator: . D/I: ......... A,B,C: .234 Basic address structure: . . . .235 LiteralsArithmetic: Comparisons and tests: . . . . . Incrementing modifiers:. 1 .2374 Index specification: . .2375 Number of potential indexers: . . • . . . . .2376 Address which can be indexed: . . • . . . .2377 Cumulative indexing:. . . • . . . . .2378 Combined index and step: . . • . . . . PUrpose to designate either the Sequence Counter or the Cosequence counter as providing the next instruction. operation code of 6, or 6 and 2 bits. part of addressing structure of the operands part of addressing structure part of addresses of operands. . 3-address. . none. . . character processor only. . • yes, by use of indirect addressing. • 236 Directly addressed operands Internal storage Minimum Maximum Volume ~ size size accessible Core Storage: 1 bit 48 bits 2,048words Special Registe·r: 1 bit 24 bits 256 words . 237 Address indexing .2371 Number of methods: . . . . . . . one. (However, see "Indirect addressing," whose increment feature allows index-type operation.) . . indexing. . 2372 Names: . . . . . up to 256 is added to (or . 2373 Indexing rule: subtracted from) the storage address given in the specified index register. Extended addressing permits indexing by values up to 131,072. The lR is not modified. The storage address can be either in Main Memory or in the Control Memory (where the 288 24-bit processor control registers are implemented) and the augmented address obtained can be used directly or indirectly. 7/66 1 within the instruction. 288. 211. none. not using index registers, but available using an index register simply as a special register. See "Indirect addressing. " .238 Indirect addressing .2381 Recursive: . · no . . 2382 Designation: ..•.. · special bit in instruction, which then interprets the 11 address bits of the appropriate A, B, or C address as an increment ·and the address of anyone of the control registers in .any group . .2383 Control: ..•.•.•. · absolute address must be contained in an addressed special register. .2384 Indexing with indirect addressing: . . . . . . modification occurs before the indirect address is determined . . 239 SteppingIndex registers: .. .2391 .2392 .2393 . 2394 .2395 .24 fA AUERBACH '" · own coding or a special register . Indirect addressing: · as specified above . Specification of increment: . . . . . . in instruction. Increment sign: . . . . special register sign. Size of increment: .. 0 through 17 bits. End value: . • . . . . . own coding . Combined step and test: ... yes. Special Processor Storage: . . . . . • . · the nine groups of program control registers are implemented in a special control memory. See Figure 2 for a listing of the registers within each group. (Contd.) 518:051. 300 CENTRAL PROCESSOR .3 SEQUENCE CONTROL FEATURES .31 Instruction Sequencing .311 Number of sequence control facilities: ... 18. .312 Arrangement: . . . . . • 2 per program, 9 programs per word processor. .313 Precedence rule (within program): ... continues with one control until instructed to transfer control to other. Precedence rule (within processor): .• cyclically in turn to all active programs unless inhibited. . 314 Special s'ub-sequence counters: . . . . . .. nine (the Unprogrammed Transfer Registers). • 315 Sequence control step size: . . . . . . instruction words. .316 Accessibility to routines:. . . • . .. . yes. .32 Look-ahead: · 33 Interruption · yes; see Paragraph 518:041. 13. . 331 Possible causes: . . . . see Table 1. .332 Control by routine Individual control: .• all interrupts within one program; positions relative to a standard control register. Method: . . • . . . . . . either the sign of the increment or the base of the increment can be adjusted. .333 Operator control: . none. · 334 Interruption conditions: interruption condition arises in program channel. · 335 Interruption process Disabling interruption: . . . . . . . • automatic Registers saved: ••. all. .4 Designation: . . • . . . standard distance away from variable base address stored in special register of program group. Base address varies depending on interruption cause. · 336 Control methods Determine cause: ... given by entry place. Enable interruption: • enabled whenever Master Group enters the Hunt or Ready operating mode. .34 Multiprogramming · 341 Method of control: ... multi sequence counters . • 342 Maximum number of programs: . . . . . • . 11 - 8 user programs in word processor, 1 control program in word processor, and 2 user programs in character processor. .343 Precedence rules: ..• cyclic; first-off, first-on, with cycling inhibition in own coding. • 344 Program protectionStorage: . . . . . . . . . by hardware, under control of Master Group . I/o areas: •..••... by hardware, under control of Master Group. I/O units: . . . . . . . . by hardware, under control of Master Group, or by software. .35 Multi-Sequencing; . . . . a single program within the word processor can use as many program control groups as desired to perform subprograms concurrently with the main program. In addition, the word and character processors execute programs simultaneously . PROCESSOR SPEEDS* NOTE: The entries below refer to the speeds of the 8200 word processor only. The internal speeds of the 8200 character processor are identical with those of the Model 4200 processor, described in Section 516:051. .41 Instruction Times in Microseconds .411 Fixed point (binary and decimal) Add/subtract: Multiply: Divide: .412 Floating point** Add/ subtract: Multiply: Divide: .413 Additional allowance for Indexing: Indirect addreSSing: Recomplementing: .. . ...... ....... . ... ... · ....... ...... . ..... . ..... . ..... ......... . ..... " · ......... ......... ........ * "} ... .... Minimum 1. 75 5.0 14.0 Maximum 3.0 5.0 14.0 2.25 5.0 13.0 5.0 5.0 13.0 can be completely overlapped with access of another operand 0.75 Minimum times assume maximum overlap of instruction and operand accesses using 4-way interleaving of memory addresses; all addresses are considered active and in direct main memory. Maximum times assume that all addresses are indirect and indexed. ** With optional equipment. © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc, 7/66 518:051. 414 HONEYWELL 8200 .414 ControlCompare: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . • . . . . Branch: • . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . Compare and Branch: . . . . • . . . . . . . • . . . .415 Counter control Step: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . • Step and Test: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Test: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . .416 Edit: • . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 417 ConvertFixed decimal to floating binary Conversion:. Floating binary to fixed decimal Conversion:. . 418 Shift: . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42 Maximum 3.5 2.25 3.5 not available for index registers; included in use of indirect address. not available. 3.0 3.5 6.4 + 1. 7C + 1. IX (performed in character processor) . C = number of characters scanned during zero suppression; X = number scanned for floating dollar sign insertion . 17.75 9.5 1. 75 17.75 9.5 4.5 Processor Performance in Microseconds .421 For random addresses c = a + b: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • • • b = a + b: • . • . • • • • • • . . • . . • . • . . . . . • Sum N items: . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . c = ab: . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • c = alb: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .422 For arrays of data ci = aibf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . bj = ai-fbj . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . Sum N items (uniform signs): . . . . . . . . . . Sum N items (different signs: . . . . . . . . . . c = c+aibr . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .423 Branch based on comparison Numeric data: ................. . Alphabetic data: ................. . .424 Switching ~ Unchecked: ................. . Checked: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . List search: ................. . .425 Format control, per character Unpack: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Compose: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . .426 Table lookup, per comparison For a match: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . For least or greatest: . . . . . • , . . . . • . . . For interpolation point: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .427 Bit indicators Set bit in separate location: . . . . . . . . . . . . Set bit in pattern: . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . Test bit in separate location: . . . . . . . . . . . Test bit in pattern: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Test AND for B bits: . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . Test OR for B bits: ............... . .428 Moving (per N 72-bit words): . . . . . . . . . . . .5 Minimum 3.0 1. 75 3.0 Fixed Point Min. Max. 3.0 1. 75 3.0 1. 75 1. 25+ .25N I.5+.75N 5.0 5.0 14.0 14.0 3.5 3.5 3.0+0.25N 3.0+0.25N 8.5 5.25 5.25 3.25 + O. 75N 3.25 + O. 25N 10.25 10.75 10.75 Floating Min. 2.25 2.25 2.25N 5.0 13.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 7.0 9.0 Point Max. 5.5 5.5 5.5N 5.0 13.0 7.75 7.75 7.75 11. 25 12.75 12.75 12.75 4.25 11. 25 3.5+4.25N 3.75 9.75 3.0+3.75N 1. 2 (character processor). 2.1 (character processor). 3.75 5.5 3.75 4.25 6.5 4.25 1. 75 2.5 1. 75 2.5 2.5 2.5 I.25+0.75N 3.0 3.75 3.0 3.75 2.5 2.5 1. 25 + 1. 5N ERRORS, CHECKS AND ACTION Check or Interlock Overflow: Underflow: Zero divisor: Invalid data:. Invalid operation: Arithmetic error: Invalid address: Receipt of data: Dispatch of data: Action Program Group interrupt. Program Group interrupt. Program Group interrupt. Program Group interrupt. Master Group interrupt. Master Group interrupt. Master Group interrupt. Program Group interrupt. Program Group interrupt. check check check check check check check check check A AUERBACH '" -£. ""'"' 5f8:fft.fOf HONEYWELL 8200 SIMULTANEOUS OPERATIONS /AEDP AUERBAC~ • REPOITS SIMULTANEOUS OPERATIONS A Honeywell Model 8200 Proccssing Unit consists of three principal processing components: the word processor, charactcr processor, and Input-Output Controller. These components can simultaneously and independcntly access four different core storage memory modules. The word processor always accesses two modules in parallel for every 72-bit word access - one 36-bit half-word from each module. The character processor and I/O Controller can access only one module at a time. Thus, four modules of memory are required to achieve the highest degree of simultaneous accessing of core storage. The minimum 8200 system configuration includes two memory modules, permitting simultaneous memory access by the character processor and the I/O Controller, or a single memory access (to both modules) by the word processor. The overall capacity of a Honeywell 8200 system with four memory modules permits the simultaneous execution of: III Two independent instructions, one in each processor; and • Three memory accesses, one from each processor and one from the I/O Controller; and III From 16 to 34 data transfer operations between the I/O Controller and the 96 potential peripheral devices or peripheral device control units; and III As many buffered peripheral I/O operations as have been initiated by the peripheral device control units and not yet terminated. The Input-Output Controller in the basic Model 8200 system provides two sets of 16 input-output channels, up to 16 of which can be used simultaneously. One set performs the functions of the Read-Write Channels of the Series 200 processors, and the other set performs the functions of the Read-Write Channels of the Honeywell 800/1800 processors. Normally, only the character processor uses the Series 200-type channels, and only the word processor uses the 800/1800-type channels. Up to 16 channels in any combination can transfer data simultaneously. An expanded Model 8200 system with Feature 8214 provides 16 character processor channels and 32 word processor channels, and up to 34 of these channels in any combination can transfer data simultaneously. The basic Honeywell 8200 I/O Controller has three input-output sectors, each of which permits the permanent connection of up to 16 peripheral device control units. Feature 8214 increases the number of sectors to six and provides connection for up to 96 permanently installed peripheral control units - again, 16 per sector. The 32 basic I/O channels (48 with Feature 8214) are not permanently associated with any sector or any peripheral device connected to a sector. Instead, each channel floats to any sector and device currently addressed, thereby increasing the likelihood of achieving a high degree of simultaneous input-output data transfers. The maximum input-output data transfer capacity of the basic Honeywell 8200 I/O Controller (i. e., without Feature 8214) is 1,333,333 characters per second. One character of data is transferred between main memory and the I/O Controller during each memory cycle. Sectors 1 and 2 of the basic I/O Controller have a maximum transfer capacity of 500, 000 characters per second, and Sector 3 has a maximum capacity of 333,333 characters per second. Up to six peripheral devices within Sector 1 can concurrently share its sector's 500KC data capacity, resulting in a maximum I/O data capacity of 83, 333 characters per second for each device if all six peripheral devices in Sector 1 were operating concurrently. Similarly, Sector 2 permits up to six peripheral devices to operate concurrently, provided its 500KC data transfer rate is not exceeded. Sector 3 of the basic I/O Controller permits up to four peripheral devices to function simultaneously, also at a maximum rate of 83,333 characters per second for each device when all four devices are concurrently operating. Therefore, the basic Model 8200 I/O Controller permits the concurrent operation of up to 16 peripheral devices or peripheral control units within its three sectors, provided none of the 16 data transfer operations exceeds 83,333 characters per second. Peripheral devices with higher data transfer rates are accommodated by the I/O Controller'S interlocking of the six memory cycles available to each sector (four cycles available to Sector 3) and assigning the six cycles to either one, three, four, or five devices, thereby © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 7/66 518: 111. 102 HONEYWELL 8200 providing sector data transfer capacities of either 500KC, 333KC, 250KC, or 166KC, respectively. Sector 3 can be interlocked to provide transfer rates of either 166KC or its maximum 333KC. Feature 8214 provides four "buffered" sectors instead of the basic Sector 2. Each of these four sectors effectively has the same characteristics as the single Sector 2 which they replace. For example, each buffered sector has a maximum data rate capacity of 500,000 characters per second, can handle a maximum of 6 concurrent I/O operations, and can connect up to 16 peripheral contrql devices. The explanation for the apparently quadrupled data transfer capacityin relation to that of Sector 2 lies in the fact that each of these four 8214 sectors contains 4-character buffers in which four data characters are accumulated before requiring an access to main memory. Table I shows the start time, stop time, and data transmission time (including demand on main memory) for each of the principal Honeywell Series 200 peripheral devices that will be used with the Model 8200 system. Certain devices cannot be used in the buffered I/O mode (with Feature 8214), and such devices are so indicated. TABLE I: SIMULTANEOUS OPERATIONS Start Time Cycle Time, maee Time, maee 214 Card Reader 150 ~ 14 150-600 223 Card Reader 75 224-1 Card Punch OPERATION Stop Time Ttme, mace CP Use Channel Use Yes 75.0 0 No Yes 92.5 0 No NA Yes 16 0 No <0.1% <0.1% Yes 210 0 No 6.25n <0.1% <0.1% Yes 160 0 No Yes 44 3.4% NA Yes 10 0 No Yes 176 0.4% NA Yes 22 0 No - - 47 10.7% NA Yes 20 + BLS 0 No 92 + 5LS 0 - - 75 6.4% NA Yes 17 + 5LS 0 No 222-4 Printer (46-charactcr sct) 63 + 5LS 0 - - 46 9.0% NA Yes 17 + 5LS 0 No 222-5 Printer (63-character set) 133+5LS 0 - - 116 4.B% NA Yes 17 + 5LS 0 No 209 Paper Tape Reader 2.0 ? 0 Yes Var. 0.1% <0.1% Yes ? 0 No 210 Paper Tape Punch a.3 ? 0 Yes Val'. <0.1% <0.1% Yes ? 0 No 204A-l Magnetic Tape, 32KC - n.Oa 0 Yes Val'. 2.4% o.a% Yes oa - - 204A-2 Magnetic Tape, 64KC - 5.5a 0 Yes Val'. 4.a% 1.2% Yes Oa - - - 5.5a 0 Yes Val'. 6.8% 1.7% Yes Oa - - 12.5 a 0 Yes Val'. 1.5% 0.4% Yes Oa - - - 7.5a 0 Yes Val'. 3.3% o.a% Yes Oa - - - 5. aa 0 Yes Var. 5.0% 1.2% Yes oa - - - 20. a 0 Yes Var. 2.2% 0.6% Yes Oa - - 204B-8 Magnetic Tape, 64KC - 7•. 5a 0 Yes Var. 4.8% 1.2% Yes Oa - - 204B-9 Magnetic Tape, - 5. aa 0 Yes Var. 7.2% 1.a% Yes Oa - - - 18.7 a 0 Yes Var. 1.0% 0.3% Yes 0· - - 270 Random Access Drum - 25.0 0 Yes Var. 7.9% 2.0% Yes 0 - - 251 Mass Memory 16.7 95 avo 0 Yes Var. 7.5% 1.9% Yes - 0 No 252 Mass Memory 16.7 150 avo 0 Yes Var. 7.5% 1.9% Yes 0 No 253 Mass Memory 16.7 225 avo 0 Yes Var. 7.5% 1.9% Yes 0 No a Cross-gap time for short gap (replaces start and stop times). Number of lines skipped between successive printed lines. Number of characters punched. Data transmission time varies with record length. Device cannot be used in the buffered 110 mode. Core Use Yes 55.0 <0.1% NA Yes 6.25n <0.1% NA 0 Yes 46 0.1% 335-1210 6.2 0 Yes 12.5n 224-2 Card Punch 223-660 3.0 0 Yes 227 Card Reader 75 21 to 46 0 227 Card Punch 240 42 to 102 0 206 High-Speed Printer 67 + 8LS 0 222-1, 2, 3 Printer (51-character set) Card Punch 204A-3 Magnetic Tape, a9KC 2048-1, -2 Magnetic Tape, 20KC 204B-3, -4 Magnetic Tape, 44KC 204B-5 Magnetic Tape, 67KC 204B-7 Magnetic Tape, 29KC 96KC 204B-11, -12 Magnetic Tape, 13Ke Channel Use 20.0 0 7.5 0 13.0 LS n Var. NA 7/66 Data Transmission Core Use W/Feature B214 Time, mace CP Use /fA. AUERBACH '" Channel Use - - .&. 518: 121. 100 IT"'''' IA EDP AUERBAC~ - HONEYWELL 8200 INSTRUCTION LIST REPORTS ~ INSTRUCTION LIST The instruction complement of the dual-processor Honeywell 8200 processing unit includes all instructions found in the earlier Honeywell 800/1800 processors, and all instructions found in the Honeywell Series 200 Model 4200 processor, except for the optional Scientific Unit instruction set. Certain additional instructions are supplied to control the interaction of the 8200's word processor, character processor, Master Group, and I/O Controller. This section lists the privileged instructions supplied for Master Group processor control operations. Also listed are the several "Communication Buffer Calls" which enable the major 8200 processing components to communicate with each other. Finally, a complete listing of the 8200 word processor instructions is provided, together with the minimum and maximum instruction execution times. (The timing variations result from the degree of overlapping of memory accesses and the use of indirect and indexed addresses.) The instruction set of the 8200 character processor is identical to that of the Honeywell Model 4200 processor except for the nonavailability of the Scientific Unit instructions. Please refer to Section 510: 121 for a complete list of Model 4200 instructions. MASTER GROUP CONTROL INSTRUCTIONS Operation Code Function Acknowledge ACK Barricade Load BLD Barricade Read BRD Execute EXC Group Set Up GSU Group Read GRD Read Punctuation RPU Set Punctuation SPU Master Group Call MGC Restart the specified processor or processor group after performing a specified action. Load a memory protection barricade address for the processor. Read the contents of a group's barricade register. Transfer the contents of N words of main memory to the Master Group Communication Buffer and raise the Service Request Line to the processor specified by the B field. Branch if the called processor is busy. Load the Base Relocation, Stopper and Protection Identification Tag from main memory to a group register. Read the contents of Base Relocation, Stopper and Protection Identification Tag registers. Take Series 200 punctuation bits associated with a full word and store them in specified bit positions of another word. Move a data word, adding the Series 200 punctuation bits specified by the B address. Initiate a call from the character processor to Master Group. Instruction Name © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 7/66 518:121. 101 HONEYWEI..I.. 8200 COMMUNICATION BUFFER CALLS Call Code Reason for Call Calls From Calls To Word Processor Master Group Bal Ba2. Ba3 Ba4 Ba5 Ba6 Trapping of I/o Order. Trapping of I/O Order. Multiprogram Control Order. Barricade Violation. Machine Malfunction. Program Malfunction. Character Processor Master Group Cal Ca2 Ca3 Ca4 Ca5 Master Call (in user program). I/O Order. Barricade Violation. Machine Malfunction. Program Malfunction. I/O Controiler Master Group Dal Da2 Da3 Da4 I/O Interrupts. Special Timer Interrupts. Barricade Violation. I/O FaUlts. Master Group Character Processor Acl Execute Character Instruction. Master Group I/O Controller Adl Ad2 Ad3 Ad4 Ad5 Ad6 I/O Orders. Group Set Up. Group Read. Barricade Load. Barricade Read. Program Control Register Contents. Read/Write I/o Counters. Read/Write Steering; Register Counters. Read Time Assignment Table. Ad7 AdS Ad9 Word Processor Character Processor Note: I/o Bdl Controller I/O Controller Bd2 Program Control Register Contents. Read/Write I/O Counters. Cdl Cd2 I/O Order. Read/Write I/O Counters. / In addition to these communication calls, several other calls are provided that ask each processor for the contents of additional control registers. (Contd.) 7/66 ItA AUERBACH '" 518: 121. 102 INSTRUCTION LIST WORD PROCESSOR INSTRUCTION SET Name of Operation Fixed-Point Arithmetic Binary Add, Subtract Binary Accumulate Binary Multiply Binary Divide Decimal Add, Subtract Decimal Accumulate Decimal Multiply Decimal Divide Word Add, Difference Scientific Processing Instructions t Floating Binary Add, Subtract Floating Binary Multiply Floating Binary Divide Floating Decimal, Add, Subtract Floating Decimal Multiply Floating Decimal Divide Normalized Less Than Comparison Normalized Inequality Comparison Multiple Unload Fixed Decimal to Floating-Binary Conversion Floating Binary to Fixed-Decimal Conversion Fixed-to- Floating Normalize Logical Functions Halt Add Superimpose Substitute Extract Inequality Comparison, Alphanumeric Inequality Comparison, Numeric Less Than Or Equal to Comparison, Alphanumeric Less Than Or Equal to Comparison, Numeric N Execution Time in Microseconds* Minimum Maximum 1. 75 1.25 + O. 25N 5.0 14.0 1. 75 1.25 + 0.25N 5.0 14.0 1. 75 3.0 1.5 + 0.75N 5.0 14.0 3.0 1.5 + 0.75N 5.0 14.0 3.0 2.25 5.0 13.0 2.25 5.0 13.0 3.0 3.0 1. 75 17.75 5.5 5.0 13.0 5.5 5.0 13.0 3.5 3.5 3.0 17.75 9.95 9.95 1. 75 3.0 1. 75 1. 75 2.5 1. 75 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.75 3.0 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.0 3.5 = number of 72-bit words. * Minimum times are for maximum overlap with 4-way interleaving, all addresses active and direct main memory. Maximum times are for all addresses indexed-indirect with no memory overlap. All times are exclusive of masking, which can take a maximum of two additional memory cycles, depending on amount of overlap. t Single-precision, floating-point operands consist of a I-bit sign, followed by a 7-bit exponent and a 40-bit mantissa. © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 7/66 518:121.103 HONEYWELL 8200 WORD PROCESSOR INSTRUCTION SET (Contd.) Execution Time in Microseconds* Name of Operation Minimum Shift Instructions t Shift Word and Substitute Shift Preserving Sign and Substitute Shift Word and Extract Shift Preserving Sign and Extract Shift Word and Select 1. 75 1. 75 1. 75 1. 75 3.0 Maximum 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 6.0 ,,/.-.' Data Move Instructions Transfer A to C Transfer A to B and Go to C Multiple Transfer N Word Transfer Item Transfer Record Transfer 1. 75 1. 75 1.25 + 0.75N 1.25 + O. 75N 1.25+0.75N 1.25 + O. 75N 2.25 2.25 1. 25 + 1.5N 1. 25 + 1.5N 1.25 + 1.5N 1. 25 + 1. 5N General Control Functions Compute Orthocount Check Memory Parity Multiprogram Control Proceed 3.75+0.50N 2.5 3.5 1. 75 6 + 1.5N 3.0 3.75 1. 75 Input!Ou!Eut and Other Peripheral Functions # Read Forward Read Backward Write ForWard Peripheral Data Transfer Print Alpha, Decimal, or Octal Rewind Tape Peripheral Control and Branch - - - - - - - N = number of 72-bit words. * Minimum times are for maximum overlap with 4-way interleaving, all addresses active and direct main memory. Maximum times are for all addresses indexed-indirect with no memory overlap. All times are exclusive of masking, which can take a maximum of two additional memory cycles, depending on overlap. 7/66 t Execution times for shift instructions are based on an average shift distribution over 1-48 bits. # These instructions are performed in an independent logic module of the processing unit. In most cases their instruction execution times will be completely masked. fA AUERBACH ® 518:191. 100 r-- 1. STlNDm fA. AUERBAC~ - HONEYWELL 8200 OPERATING ENVIRONMENT OPERATING SYSTEM-MOD 8 EDP R£paRTS ~ OPERATING ENVIRONMENT: OPERATING SYSTEM -IVIOD 8 .1 GENERAL .11 Identity:.. . 12 Description . . . . . . . Operating System-Mod 8. The Honeywell Operating System-Mod 8 is a complete software package designed exclusively for use with the hybrid Model 8200 computer system. Control facilities are included within the Mod 8 software to supervise and coordinate the operations of the principal functional components of a Model 8200 system: word processor, with nine groups of program control registers; character processor; Input-Output Controller, with up to 48 floating input-output channels; and peripheral device control units, up to 96 of which can be attached. The principal control programs provided with Operating System-Mod 8 are the following: G A Monitor program that regulates the concurrent execution of up to eight user programs in the word processor and up to two main user programs in the character processor-all sharing a common main memory and common peripheral devices. Processor interrupt conditions are also handled by the Monitor. The Monitor performs its functions through use of the Master Group of processor control registers, and is itself often referred to, by association, as "Master Group. " 13 A Scheduler program that builds a job queue according to program priority and availability of system resources. As programs are executed, the Scheduler re-evaluates the job mix and schedules additional programs, automatically allocating core storage, processor register groups, and peripheral equipment. G A Loader program that loads program segments into whatever portions of core storage are currently available. The Loader program can be called by the Master Group at any time to relocate dynamically any active program segment. The Loader also handles calls by active programs for other program segments or subroutines from the on-line object-code library. • A Central I/O control system that supplies all input-output routines, including logical file handling routines and standard device error recovery routines. The Operating System-Mod 8 is designed to function exclusively as a mass storage-oriented software system. Mod 8 requires use of at least 15 million characters of random-access storage in any of the family of such devices offered by Honeywell with its Series 200 systems. Another 65, 536 characters of Model 8200 core storage is required for permanent residence of the control portions of the Mod 8 system. Although a Model 8200 system can be obtained with a core storage size of 131,072 characters (by special request only), Honeywell will generally sell a minimum core storage size of 262, 144 characters to ensure that the customer will be able to utilize effectively the multiprogramming and multiprocessing capabilities of the 8200 system. Because the Model 8200 proceSSing unit contains two processors-one that closely resembles the earlier Honeywell 800/1800 processors and one that closely resembles the Series 200 Model 4200 processor-all current 800/1800 software programs can be executed in the 8200 word processor, and all current Model 4200 software support can be used in the 8200 character processor. Thus the user of a Model 8200 system will have time-proven software available when the system is first delivered in January 1968. Only the control program portions of the Operating System -Mod 8 software will have been redesigned to take advantage of the unconventional design of the Model 8200 ProceSSing Unit. However, the new Mod 8 Monitor program need not be used during the early days of equipment installation. Alternatively, the word processor can function under control of any of the current Honeywell 800/1800 monitor programs, permitting direct usage of all 800/1800 production programs. Also, current users of Series 200 Model 2200 or 4200 systems who are moving to a Model 8200 system can load their Series 200 monitor program into the 8200 character processor and then execute all of their existing Series 200 programs without modification. Since the new Mod 8 Monitor program functions through use of its own specialized "Master Group" of control registers, this program can control the execution of new or recompiled Model 8200 programs without interfering with other programs running in parallel under their original monitor programs in the so-called "compatibility mode. " Among the more significant language processors that will function under control of Operating System-Mod 8 are a FORTRAN IV compiler that incorporates all features of the FORTRAN IV language as approved by the American Standards Association, and an A. S. A. COBOL compiler that includes a complete implementation of the SORT verb plus mass storage and table handling language features. The FORTRAN IV language also includes provisions to permit usage of mass storage devices through explicit language statements. A large-scale assembler will provide macro processing capabilities and the ability to call routines from an on-line library of programs originally written in COBOL, FORTRAN, or the © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 7/66 HONEYWELL 8200 5t8: t91. t20 . 12 Description (Contd.) expects that the COBOL compiler will process from 2, 500 to 3,000 card images per minute; that the FORTRAN IV compiler will process between 2,000 and 2, 500 card images per minute; and that the assembler will assemble between 2, 500 and 3,000 card images per minute. assembly language. In fact, all language processors can call program segments originally written in any 8200 language, since the output of all compilers and generators is produced in a common data file format and in relocatable program segments. Macro routines are provided to give the programmer control 'of the multiprogramming capabilities of the 8200 processing unit. Subprograms can be specified to run in parallel with the main task of a problem program, and the generation of re-entrant code can be specified when entering a routine into the on-line library. The initial design of Operating System-Mod 8 software features batched-job processing in a multiprogramming mode. Jobs can be batched from remote sites or at the central computer complex. Remote, conversational time-sharing software will eventually be provided, appearing in gradual phases. An early Time-Sharing phase will contain a control system that will permit users at remote locations to call for specified online library routines and to enter input data or accept output data remotely, This multiple remote access to the central computer can occur while processing up to eight background programs in the word processor. Linear programming, PERT TIME, and PERT COST programs, virtually identical to those used with the Honeywell 800/1800 systems, will also be provided with Operating System-Mod 8. According to Honeywell, all Model 8200 language processors will generate object code at high speeds and in highly efficient form due to the addition of several instructions in the 8200 word processor to assist in standard compiler functions. Honeywell 7/66 The Operating System-Mod 8 is scheduled for delivery in January 1968, concurrently with the first deliveries of the Model 8200 hardware. A AUERBACH '" 518:201.001 ~ AUERBACH SHNDUD EDP HONEYWELL 8200 SYSTEM PERFORMANCE REPDRTS ~ SYSTEM PERFORMANCE GENERALIZED FILE PROCESSING (518:201. 100) These problems involve updating a master file from information in a detail file and produCing a printed record of each transaction. This application is one of the most common commercial data processing jobs and is fully described in Section 4:200.1 of the Users' Guide. Standard File Problems A, B, and C show the effects of three different record sizes in the master file. Standard File Problem D increases the amount of computation performed upon each transaction. Each problem is estimated for activity factors (ratios of number of detail records to number of master records) of zero to unity. In all cases a uniform distribution of activity is assumed. Because multiprogramming is an essential characteristic of Honeywell 8200 operation, the central processor time requirements are shown on all of the graphs in addition to the usual curves of elapsed time (i. e., total processing time). These central processor times have been calculated by using both available processors to handle the computational load. The file handling and editing capabilities of the character processor have been matched with the processing capabilities of the word processor. The magnetic tape master file is formatted to allow fixed-field-length operations by the word processor. The word processor performs the entire standard problem up to and including updating each new master record. Prior to generating the report file, control is relinquished by the word processor and transferred to the character processor. There the print line is formatted and either printed immediately or written on magnetic tape for later printing. In the latter case, the tape-to-printer transcription may be performed either on-line in conjunction with other programs or as a separate off line operation. The difference between the plotted curves of elapsed time and central processor time represents the amount of central processor time that is potentially available for concurrent proceSSing of other programs. Configuration VIllA, with its three tape control units and the capability to perform six simultaneous tape operations, could perform two Standard File Processing Problems (A version) within the 15.45 minutes required to perform the single Problem A with printing performed on-line. If eight file update programs were being performed concurrently in the word processor, the character processor would not have the speed and capacity to process concurrently the report files from each of these eight programs. In such program mixes, Honeywell suggests that the word processor store its unedited report files directly on mass storage devices. The character processor can then process these files consecutively as time permits. Processing in this manner helps to assure that both the character and word processors will operate at steady efficiency throughout a given work period. SORTING (518:201. 200) The standard estimate for sorting 80-character records on magnetic tape (graph 518:201.200) was developed from the time calculated for Standard File Problem A according to the technique described in Paragraph 4:200.213 of the Users' Guide. MATRIX INVERSION ,, , In matrix inversion, the object is to measure the central processor speed on the straightforward inversion of a non-symmetric, non-singular matrix. No input-output operations are involved. The standard estimate is based on the time required to perform cumulative multiplication (c = c + aibj) in 8-digit-precision floating point, as explained in Paragraph 4:200.3 of the Users' Guide. For the Model 8200, the word processor was used throughout, and floatingpoint binary format was selected. This format provides approximately 12-digit precision. STANDARD MATHEMATICAL PROBLEM A (518:201.400) ( The standard estimating procedure outlined in the Users' Guide, Paragraph 4:200.413, was used. Computation includes 5 fifth-order polynomials, 5 diviSions, and 1 square root. The computation was performed exclusively by the word processor because its arithmetic capabilities far outstrip those of the character processor. The penalty incurred by printing on-line is clearly shown by the R = 1. 0 curve (one output line for each card entered). © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 7/66 518:201 002 HONEYWELL 8200 WORK8IIEET DATA TABLE CONFIGURATION ITEM .REFERENCE VIlA (on-line card/print) VIlA (off-line card/print) 1 Standard File Problem A Char/block Records/block maee/block K Output Times (File I) 940 940 940 (File I) 10 10 10 File I = File 2 1------ ~--File 4 lnputmaee/swltch ~=~ ~--File 4 mBee penalty ~.--File 4 ., Central Processor Times 3 Standard File Problem A ~----- maee/record msee/detail maee/work maee/report "2 ~ f:-L.:.-. ~ b7 + bB maee/block t------0 ~---.- 0 0.01 I---~- for C. P. a3 K ~Masterln ro.os I--- ~.-- File 3: DetaUs File 4: Reports Total Unit of measure f - - _ _O _ ._ IB _ _ _ O.OS* r-- --o.2:i, Char.ep J/OCti. -fo.ii4 II--"oiz . - ~~ - 1.05 Wnrll CI' 0.05 I~ 1-0 . 0.80 I--- I - - - 4:200.1132 0.25 O.BO 1 - - It:so -. -1 - -"0.09 ~ ~ I--.~ I. 60 0.09 4:200.114 0.09 O~oaI -f - - f - - - 2.72 1--- ~ 0.05 0.09 ~ IOCII. . -1 - - ~ '--. 25 1--- 0.80 'o:oB - -I - - o:os t-o:o'l 10.50 137-:0 0.01 Clmr.ep \VClrd CI' ~ - -1---- ~- I - - I--- 0.04 O.BO 0.09 Ifoetl. ('har.CP .o:os1 - -I - - 0.05 0.09 0 0 0.05 I-j:ao ~ - T.60 "2.50 . - f--- I - 0.09 4:200.112 ---~- ~~---~-- I--~0.10* 0.05 137.0 r- --1-7-.5' 92.7 1 - -1--- 'o.os I--- ! - 0.23 25.6 0.01 'Jo.So 92.7 0.01 . - it7:-5 0.23 2.73 25.6 2.72 13.00 92.7 2.72 2.73 17.5 (characters) ~routlnes _ ~ ~--~kBlt023) 1,600 -~- I-~~- I-~- 612 _ _6_1_2_ _ _ _6_12_ _ _ 3,_64_0_ _ _ 3,640 2,_28_0_ _ _ 5,880 -~- -~-~- _5~_ 612 1,160 1,160 15,292 18,892 Working Total 6,~_ 6,000 I---I~ ~~ ~.--- Space ~ 1------0 f- 13.00 10 l4.B ~~__ 7_5_ _ !-~, 1--- __0 _ _ 1- _ _0_ f - - - -o - - - . 1 - - - __ 0_ _ 0 _ _ 1- _ _ 1- 2.72 940 0 0.05 I--- - - -Io:os File 2: Master Out 0.09 column. Standard File Problem A 0.05 0.25 f-";;--- and 21. 2 ---19.-5-'--· - lIoctl. Wonl CP Char.eP 0.04 1=-:-::-4 0 0.12 "I r-::--fi2K I- 1-------1----25.~137 Wordell dominant F = 1.0 21.2 r - - - -75- - · - ~~ I--~- mscclblock VIllA (on-line card/print) VIllA (off-line card/print) 1,160 1,160 15,292 18.892 4:200.1151 CONFIGURATION ITEM VIlA (on-line card/print) VIIA (off-line card/print) VIIIA (on-line card/print) VIIIA (off-line card/print) ;) Standard Mathematical Size of record Problem A msee/block ~.---output ~, output ~ outout Floating point Floating point Floating point ~rdReader 204B-B Tape Unit 223 Card Reader 222- 3 Printer 204B-B Tape Unit 222-4 Printer ~- 80 characters 120 characters 80 characters 80 characters 80 characters 120 characters 120 characters 120 characters Floating point Fixed/Floating point Unit name Tl T2 75 137 0.01 204B-9 6.7 75 5.9 7.7 0.01 92.7 0.01 6.7 0.01 0.01 1. 05 0.01 0.43 T4 ---1. 05 ~ord T5 0.43 0.43 0.43 ~OPS msee/report T6 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.42 T7 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 msee penalty * ~..!Loutput REFERENCE - 4:200.413 .- Files 3 and 4 are on magnetic tape. blocked 10 records per block. (Contd_ ) 7/66 fA AUERBACH '" 518:201. 100 SYSTEM PERFORMANCE ·1 GENERALIZED FILE PROCESSING · 11 Standard File Problem A . 115 Storage space required Configuration VIlA (on-line card and print): . . • . . . . . . 15,292 Configuration VIlA (off-line card and print): • • • . • . . . . 18,892 Configuration VIllA (on-line card and print): . . . . . . . . . 15,292 Configuration VIllA (off-line card and print): . . . . . . . . . 18,892 · III Record sizes Master file: . . . . . . Detail file: . . . . . . . Report file: . . . . . . . · 112 Computation: . . . . . . . 94 characters. 1 card. 1 line. shared between word and character processors. · 113 Timing basis: . . . . . . using estimating procedure outlined in Users' Guide, 4:200.113. · 114 Graph: . . . . . . . . . . . see graph below. characters. characters. characters. characters. 100.0 7 4 2 ~ -<..J~~ 10.0 7 ./ ./ 4 Time in Minutes to Process 10,000 Master File Records -- _line print) '111~ --- .iooo"""" ./ // V/ /;V 2 1.0 "I" 1.0 ~ 7 I I 4 lon-line I ---------- VIlA (off-line print) VIllA (off-line print) 2 0.1 ..., 7 4 2 / ~ 0.01 0.0 /' It.:..- " O. 1 ~ ~' ---"" ... ..- "..;----- ..."",' ."...-- ~,.". ./ 0.33 1.0 Activity Factor Average Number of Detail Records Per Master Record (Roman numerals denote standard System Configurations.) ''''. LEGEND _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Elapsed time _ _ Word processor time __ Character processor time (off-line print) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Character processor time (on-line print) © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 7/66 HONEYWELL 8200 518:201. 120 • 12 . 122 Computation:....... shared between word and character processors . .123 Timing basis: . . . . . . using estimating procedure outlined in Users' Guide, 4:200.12 . • 124 Graph: . . . . . . . . . . . see graph below. ' Standard File Problem B • 121 Record sizes Master file: .•..•. 47 characters. Detail file: . . . . . . . 1 card. Report file:. . . . . • . 1 line. 100.0 7 4 2 ~ \On-une;e:;;l-- 10.0 7 ~ ./ 4 Time in Minutes to Process 10,000 Master File Records -- ../ ....... - ~ // // 2 I h 1.0 ... 1.0 7 I 4 -rint ) _ _ _ _ _ {{-line)) ~'o , ,o{t-hne .~ ~ - 0.1 7 4 0.01 - ..---------- 2 2 _ ~' ,/' ~ i 0.0 ." -",r .,. ". ..---/' O. 1 --."'" --...-0:-- ..- ~- 0.33 1.0 Activity Factor Average Number of Detail Records Per Master Record (Roman numerals denote standard System Configurations.) LEGEND _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Elapsed time _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Word processor time _ _ _ _ _ _ Character processor time (off-line print) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Character processor time (on-line print) (Contd.) 7/66 A '" AUERBACH 518:201. 130 SYSTEM PERFORMANCE . 13 Standard File Problem C • 132 Computation: . . • . . . . shared between word and character processors . . 131 Record sizes - .133 Timing basis: . . . . . . using estimating procedure Master file: . . . . . . 188 characters. Detail file: . . . . . • . 1 card. Report file: . . . . . . . 1 line. outlined in Users' GUide, 4:200.13 • 134 Graph: . . . . . . . . . . . see graph below. 100.0 7 4 2 \Tl~ ~ ~V> 10.0 /' 4 1.0 - ~ ./ 1/ /' 2 _liue priut) .J> 7 Time in Minutes to Process 10,000 Master File Records ~Ou.-\iu.e / /' /' V/ V t "'" 1.0 "IJ VIIA (off line print) 7 VIlIA (off-line print) 4 --------- 2 0.1 " 7 ." 4 2 0.01 --/ 0.0 / ;,' ~ ". / .... ' - -- . -~, .. ---~ ::;;.. ~./' / O. 1 0.33 1.0 Activity Factor Average Number of Detail Records Per Master Record \ (Roman numerals denote standard System Configurations.) ____________ _ __ __ ___________ LEGEND Elapsed time Word processor time Character processor time (off-line print) Character processor time (on-line print) © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 7/66 HONEYWELL 8200 518:201. 140 • 14 .142 Computation: .•.••.. trebled in the main process- Standard File Problem D ing portion of the Standard File Processing Problem. .143 Timing basis: •.•••• using estimating procedure outlined in Users' Guide, . 141 Record sizes - Master file: ...••. 94 characters. Detail file: . . . . . . . 1 card. Report file: ..•..•. 1 line. 4:200.14 . • 144 Graph: .•.••...••. see graph below. 100.0 7 4 2 ~ ~ 10.0 7 ./ Time in Minutes to Process 10.000 Master File Records ./ // /; '/ 1.0 4 _line prmt) // 2 7 \111~n /'" / 4 -- -- 1..0n-11.~ ,. 1.0 II I 1/ / - VIlA (off-line print) VIlIA (off line print) 2 7 ~, ~' 4 " ~/.~ ./ ~ / 0.01 0.0 ~ ----- -' --....... 0.1 2 - .' -- ~-- ---- ---,.............. -------- -- .. I 1-0, ........... /" O. 1 1.0 0.33 Activity Factor Average Number of Detail Records Per Master Record (Roman numerals denote standard System Configurations.) LEGEND _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Elapsed time __ _ Word processor time __ Character processor time (off-line print) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Character processor time (on-line print) (Contd. ) 7/66 fA ., AUERBACH 518:201. 200 SYSTEM PERFORMANCE .2 SORTING .21 Standard Problem Estimates .213 Timing basis: ...••. using estimating procedure outlined in Users' Guide, 4:200.213; 3-way tape merge . . 214 Graph: . . . . . . . . . . . see graph below . .211 Record size: . . . . . • . 80 characters. . 212 Key size: . . • . . . . . . 8 characters. 1,000 7 4 2 100 7 4 2 Time in Minutes to Put Records Into Required Order 10 1111 V II " ," ~ 7 ,/ ~~/ 4 ~ /f 2 II" / / / II ; 1 7 ~ / 4 , ... 1.0 A ~ I / / / / //' 2 V 0.1 100 2 4 7 1,000 2 4 7 2 4 10,000 7 100,000 Number of Records (Roman numerals denote standard System Configurations.) © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 7/66 HONEYWELL 8200 518:201. 300 . 312 Timing basis: . . . . . . estimating procedure out- •3 MATRIX INVERSION .31 Standard Problem Estimates lined in Users' Guide, 4:200.312, using word processor with optional floating-point arithmetic feature. . 313 Graph: ..•..••.•.• see graph below. .311 Basic parameters: .•. general, non-symmetric matrices, using floating point to at least 8 decimal digits precision. ... 1.0 1.0 "" I I 7 I I 4 I I II 2 0.1 7 II 4 J If 2 V Time in Minutes for Complete Inversion 0.01 I 7 I 4 I 2 I J / I .001 I 7 I I I 4 I 'I 2 0.0001 2 4 7 2 4 10 7 100 2 4 7 1,000 Size of Matrix (Contd.) 7/66 A AUERBACH '" 518: 201. 400 SYSTEM PERFORMANCE .4 GENERALIZED MATHEMATICAL PROCESSING .41 Standard Mathematical Problem A Estimates performed in floatingpoint decimal mode, using word processor with optional floating-point arithmetic feature. .413 Timing basis: . • . . . . using estimating procedure outlined in Users I Guide, 4:200.413 . • 414 Graph: . . . . . . . . . . . see graph below. .411 Record sizes: . . . . . . 10 signed numbers; average size 5 digits, maximum size 8 digits. .412 Computation: . • . . . . . 5 fifth-order polynomials; 5 divisions and 1 square root; computation is CONFIGURATIONS VIlA AND VIIIA 1,000 7 4 2 R = 1. 0 (VIIA) l on-line card and print operations 0 R = 1. (VliIA) R 0.1,0.01 100 7 4 ~ II 2 /~ R 1.0 (VIlA) 4 J!II" -rf ?, , ~ C"\?·v 2 - f=--, - -print) . R· 1. 0 (on-1m- 4 - off-line card and print operations } ';"'/ R = 0.1, 0.01 (VIIIA) 1 / R = 1. 0 (VIIIA); R = 0.1, 0.01 (VIlA) Time in 10 Milliseconds per Input Record 7 ~ :\.\-,~ e~ 1---" . i<"0~ " ~ .~'" .;~ riU'I.),· 1.)\ { line.\l 1.). R - 1 0 ~o{ - ;""'T ......~ '" ~-:..~ ....... W'l.y, ...otf-iine.\l"t R = 0.1 ~ ...... 1.0 2 0.1 2 4 0.1 2 7 1.0 4 7 2 10.0 4 1 100.0 C, Number of Computations Per Input Record (R = number of Output Records per Input Record.) ( \ " LEGEND _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Elapsed time - C P - - - - - - Word processor time © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 7/66 --. 518:221. 101 A "1M"" ~EDP AUERBAC~ '. HONEYWELL 8200 PRICE DATA REPORTS PRICE DATA: HONEYWELL 8200 PRICES IDENTITY OF UNIT CLAHH No. Name Monthly Rental $ (I-year term) Monthly Monthly Rental Maintenance $ $ (!i-year lerm) Purchase Purchase (immediate) (aiter 1 year) $ $ --- Honeywell PROCESSING UNIT 8~OO Cvntral Processor 8~OI-1 262,1H characters of memory 25,580 24,190 1,920 1,149,120 1,209,600 8201-2 524,288 characters of memory 34,210 32,350 2,560 1,536,720 1,617,600 8201-3 786,432 characters of memory 43,140 40,800 3,230 1,938,000 2,040,000 8201-4 1,048,576 characters of memory 51,770 48,960 3,880 2,325,600 2,048,000 760 720 60 34,200 36,000 1,525 1,440 120 68,400 72,000 Optional Features 8201-B 8214 Scientific Unit (Floating-Point Arithmetic) Additional 8 Read/Write Channels and 8 Auxiliary Read/Write Channels For prices of the Honeywell Series 200 peripheral devices, please refer to the general Honeywell Series 200 Price Data section, beginninp; on page 510:221. 101. ( ',,-, © 1966 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc. 7/66 MONROBOT XI Monroe Calculating Machine Co., Inc. Division of Litton Industries / ( AUERBACH INFO, INC. PRINTED IN U. S. A. MONROBOT XI Monroe Calculating Machine Co., Inc. Division of Litton Industries AUERBACH INFO, INC. PRINTED IN U. S. A. 531 :001.001 Monrobot XI Contents CONTENTS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 10 11 12 13 14 15 \ '17 18 Introduction Data Structure . System Configuration Configuration IX; Desk Size System Configuration I; Punched Card System. Internal Storage: Drum. Central Processor • Console. •• Input-Output; Punched Tape and Card Paper Tape Reader. . Edge-Punched Card Reader Paper Tape Punch Edge - Punched Card Punch. Card Reader 24 Coupler Card Punch 26 Coupler • Photoelectric Reader Input-Output; Printer Typewriter •. Teletype Printer Input-Output; Other 16-Key Keyboard Monroe-Card Processor Simultaneous Operations Input-Output Buffer Instruction List . Coding Specimens Machine Code Symbolic Assembly Program Data Codes 8-Bit Code • •. 5-Bit Code Punched Card Code Problem Oriented Facilities Floating Point Routines Mathematical Routines Matrix Inversion Polynomial Approximation Chi -Square Test of Independence Open Traverse Survey •• Machine Oriented Languages Easy Programming System Symbolic Assembly Program Program Translator Symbolic Assembly Program © 1962 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated 011 021 031.1 031.2 041 051 061 071 072 073 074 075 075.4 076 076.4 077 081 082 101 102 111 111.1 121 131 132 141 142 143 151.17 151.17 151.17 151.17 151.17 151.17 171 172 181 10/62 531:001.002 MOHROBOT XI COHTEHTS-Contd. 19 20 21 22 10/62 Operating Environment General •• • •••••• Loading Routine for Program Tapes Parameter Output Programs Program Relocation System System Performance Generalized File Processing Matrix. Inversion • • • • Generalized Mathematical Processing Generalized Statistical Processing Physical Characteristics Price Data •••• • •• 191 191.12 191.12 191.12 201.1 201.3 201.4 201.5 211 221 531 :011.100 Monrobot XI Introduction I NTRODUCTI ON § 011. The Monrobot XI is a compact, solid-state data processing system that is suitable for a variety of fairly complex but low-volume business and scientific applications. It is also being used in small instrumentation and process control systems. The basic system, consisting of computer, input-output typewriter, and paper tape reader and punch, can be purchased for $24,500 or leased for $700 per month. This makes it one of the lowest priced internally programmed data processing systems currently available. The central processor is housed in a desk-size cabinet and weighs only 375 pounds. Most of the peripheral devices are housed in matching cabinet modules of desk height that can be arranged in a number of ways for maximum operating efficiency. There are no special power or air conditioning requirements. A magnetic drum provides 1,024 word locations of working storage; a 2,048-word drum is a recently-announced option. Each 32-bit location can hold two single-address instructions, one binary data word, or from four to six alphameric characters. Seven of the addressable storage locations are Fast Access Registers with a constant access time of 0.73 milliseconds. Average access time for all other storage locations is 5.85 milliseconds. The small but convenient instruction repertoire includes addition, subtraction, and multiplication of single word-length, fixed point binary data. Division can only be accomplished by subroutines. Binary and decimal shifts and a repetitive subtraction ("detract") instruction facilitate the programmed radix conversions that usually must be performed upon input and output data. Neither index registers nor indirect addressing are provided, so a large proportion of the instructions in many programs w ill be devoted to "housekeeping" operations. Program execution speed will usually average 60 to 80 instructions per second. Somewhat higher speeds can be achieved if operand addresses are optimized where possible, but the increase in speed will seldom justify the extra coding time. Up to three separate input devices and three output devices can be connected to the Monrobot XI and selected under program control. Each input or output instruction initiates the transfer of a single character between the processor and the addressed peripheral device. Overlapping of input-output operations and internal processing is possible. Paper tape or verge-punched cards with 5- or 8-level codes can be punched and read mechanically at a peak speed of 20 characters per second. A photoelectric reader provides maximum input speeds of 40 to 50 characters per second. IBM 024 or 026 Card Punches can be connected through special couplers and used for on-line punched card input, output, or both. Standard80-columncards are read and punched at 16 columns per second. Printed output can be produced at up to 10 characters per second by either a modified IBM electric typewriter or a Teletype printer; either unit can also be used for manual entry of data. A 16-key keyboard is useful for rapid entry of all-numeric data. The Monroe-Card Processor reads and records information on magnetizable cards. Up to 1,566 decimal digits or 1,044 alphameric characters can be stored on each card. Monroe-Cards will be useful for master file storage in a variety of data processing a pplicatio ns. \ '-, The Monrobot XI software situation, when viewed by potential users with a strong desire to minimize programming time and effort, leaves much to be desired. Routines currently available from the manufacturer are limited to general utility routines, a userdeveloped symbolic assembly system, and a group of scientific routines (floating point © 1962 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated 10/62 MONROBOT XI 531:011.101 INTRODUCTION-Contd. § OIl. arithmetic, functions, matrix inversion, etc.). No compiler systems, interpretive systems, or report generators are available or under development. Most coding is done in machine language; the coder writes four hexadecimal digits per instruction, or eight per word. The hexadecimal addressing scheme is easy to master, but the operation codes have no mnemonic relationship to their effects. Generalized subroutines are available to handle division, loop control, address modification, and inputoutput with radix conversions, but the manufacturer encourages the use of individuaUytailored, user-coded routines for greater efficiency. A Monrobot XI users' group is now being formed, under Monroe's auspices, to encourage and control the publication, standardization, and distribution of routines developed bY' users and by the manufacterer. ! 10/02 I AUERBACH I @ 531 :021.1 00 _STANDARD II EDP Monrobot XI Data Structure REPORTS DATA STRUCTURE .2 §021. .1 STORAGE LOCATIONS Name of Location Size Word: Tetrad: Row: Column: Purpose or Use basic addressable location. non -addressable sub 4 bits group of a word. 8 or 5 bits punched tape. 12 positions p\lnched cards. INFORMATION FORMATS Type of Information Repre sentation Character: • . . • 6 1 1 1 1 32 bits © Hexadecimal digit: Number: •• Instruction: 1962 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated or 5 bits (internal). row (punched tape). column (punched cards). tetrad (4 bits). word (sign bit, overflow bit, and 30 data bits). 16 bits (2 instructions per word). 10/62 531:031.100 .'1"""'0 EDP _ Monrobot XI System Configurotion RfPORl' SYSTEM CONFIGURATION § 031. .1 DESK SIZE SYSTEM (CONFIGURATION IX) Deviations from Standard Configuration: storage is smaller by about 700 words; automatic division is not available; tape reader and punch are faster by 10 char/sec. Equipment Rental Drum Storage: 2,048 words. $ 185 Central Processor $700 Input-Output Typewriter: 10 char/sec. Paper Tape Reader: 20 char/sec. Paper Tape Punch: 20 char/sec. Total Rental: Optional Features Included: . . . . . . . . . . $ 885 2, 048-Word Drum. Notes: Use of standard I, 024- Word Drum decreases monthly rental to $700. Addition of a second Paper Tape Reader, required for the Generalized File Processing problem (Section :201. I), increases monthly rental to $945. © 1962 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated 10/62 MONRO BOT XI 531:031.200 § 031. .2 PUNCHED CARD SYSTEM (CONFIGURATION I) Deviations from Standard Configuration: input-output devices are slower by factors of 20 to 200; automatic division and indexing are not available. Equipment Rental Drum Storage: 1,024 words. Central Processor $ 700 Input-Output Typewriter: 10 char/sec. Optional Features Included:. . . • . . . . . . " 10/62 mM 024 Card Punch and Coupler: reads 16 columns/sec. $ 40 mM 026 Printing Card Punch and Coupler: punches 16 columns/sec. $ Total Rental: $ 800 none. 60 531:041.100 • II STANDARD EDP Monrobot XI Internol Storage Drum R[PDRTS INTERNAL STORAGE: DRUM § 041. Optional Feature .1 GENERAL .11 Identity: Drum Storage (part of Monrobot XI Computer). . 12 Basic Use: working storage . .13 Description: The magnetic drum is an integral part of the Monrobot XI Computer. It provides a total of 1,024 addressable locations of working storage. Each word location contains 32 bit positions and can hold two instructions, one numeric data word, five 6-bit alphameric characters, or six 5-bit characters. 2, 04S-Word Drum: Announced in September, 1962, this unit can be installed in place of the standard 1, 024-word drum at a rental increase of $IS5 per month. It provides 16 additional bands of general storage. One of the six "command" bits in the Monrobot XI instruction format is never used in operation codE;§ that reference storage; this bit is used in addressing the 1, 024 additional locations, and the resulting hexadecimal addresses are SOO through TXX. Except for its increased capacity, all operational characteristics of the 2, 048-word drum are the same as those of the standard model. .14 .15 There are IS 'addressable bands: 16 for "general" storage and two for "fast access" storage. Each band of general storage is divided into 16 "sectors", and each sector is further divided into four "phases", .16 each capable of holding one word. Each band of fast access storage contains four recirculating registers, and each register is available for access every sector time, or 16 times per drum revolution. One of the eight fast access registers is the Instruction Register, which holds the next two instructions to be executed and is addressed automatically by the control circuitry. The addresses 000 through 006 are assigned to the other fast access registers. Fast Access Register 6 serves as the accumulator, and Registers 2, 4, and 5 are also involved in certain machine operations (see Instruction List). Fast Access Registers 0, 1, and 3 have no special functions and can always be used as working storage. Addresses 007 through 3XX (in hexadecimal) refer to general storage, representing 1, 017 addressable locations. Drum speed is 5,124 revolutions per minute. Access time for general storage ranges from 0.73 to 11.7 milliseconds (one sector time to one revolution time). For the fast access registers, access time is a constant 0.73 millisecond. One fixed head serves each track, and reading and recording are serial by bit. Bits for the four words within each sector are interleaved in both general and fast access storage, so that only every fourth bit on the drum surface is read or recorded at a time. Internal transfer rates are low because of the lack of block transfer facilities and indexing. No error checks are provided. © Availability: . ." 3 to 6 months. First Delivery: December, 1960. Reserved Storage Purpose Number of locations Index registers: Fast access registers: I/O control: .2 PHYSICAL FORM .21 Storage Medium: . .22 Physical Dimensions none. S (7 addressable) none. none. .222 Drum Diameter: Ll'ngth: . Number on shaft: . .23 Storag:e Phenomenon: . .24 Recording Permanence .241 Data erasable by instructions: . 242 Data regenerated constantly: . • 243 Data volatile: . . 244 Data permanent: . 245 Storage changeable: . 1962 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated Locks none. magnetic drum. S inches. 1.75 inches across recording surface. 1. magnetization. yes . fast access bands only . no . no . no. 10/62 531:041.250 § MONROBOT XI 041. .25 . 26 Data volume per band of 1 track General Words: . . . . . . . 64. . Characters (6-bit code): 320. Digits (decimal equivalent): 576 Instructions: . . . 128. Bands per unit: Interleaving Levels: .28 Access Techniques . 281 Recording method: . . 283 Type ,of access Description of stage Wait for selected sector: .' . Read or write one word: .29 20. 36. 8. four. .53 Access Time Parameters and Variations always. no. · 5,124 rpm. · 2,150 inches/sec. 81. 175,000 bits/sec/track. word. 32 bits/word. 1 track/band. 4 interleaved words/sector. 1,370 words/second (but see paragraph. 73). Module and System Sizes CONTROLLER: . •5 ACCESS TIMING .51 Arrangement of Heads .511 Number of stacks Stacks per system: Stacks per module: . 512 Stack movement: . . . 513 Stacks that can access any particular location: . . . . . . 10/62 .531 For uniform access (fast access storage) Access time: 730/J. sec. 730 /J. sec. Cycle time: . . For data unit of: . 1 word. .532 Variation in access time (general storage) Variation, /J.sec. Stage Wait for selected sector: o to 11,000 Read or write one 730 word: 730 to 11,730 .6 CHANGEABLE STORAGE: . . . . . . . none. .7 STORAGE PERFORMANCE .71 Data Transfer Example, /J. sec. 5,110. 730. 5,840. Pair of storage unit possibilities: . . . . with self only . . 31 .4 . track address (4 bits) designates stack to be used . Simultaneous Operations: . . . . . . . none . Possible starting stage DATA CAPACITY Rules for Combining Modules: 1, 024 per module. 1,024 per system . .52 · fixed heads. .3 Identity: . . Drums: . . Words: . . Characters: Instructions: Modules: . . .515 Relationship between stacks and locations: . . . . . . . 64 or 4. 16 general. 2 fast access. Potential Transfer Rates .291 Peak bit rates Cycling rates: Track/head speed: Bits/inch/track: . Bit rate per track: .292 Peak data rates Unit of data: . . . Conversion factor: Gain factor: . . Loss factor: Data rate: . . .32 4. . ph~sical .27 Fast Access .514 Accessible locations By single stack: By all stacks With no movement:. . . . standard. • 72 1. Transfer Load Size With self: . . . . . . 1,024. 5,120. 2,048. 1 word. 1. .73 1 drum per system, as above (2, 048-word drum is optional; see. 13). Effective Transfer Rate With self, using loop:. . . . . . . . 14 words/sec. With self, using straightline coding:. . . . . 85 words/sec. max . Monrobot XI Computer . .8 ERRORS, CHECKS AND ACTION Error · 18. · 18. · none. · 1 per band. Invalid address: Invalid code: . Receipt of data: Recording of data: Recovery of data: Dispatch of data: Timing conflicts: Check or Interlock · · · · · · · all addresses valid. none. none . none . none. none. none. 531 :051.100 • STANDARD _EDP .,-, Monrobot XI Central Processor R£PDRTS CENTRAL PROCESSOR § 051. .1 GENERAL . 11 Identity:. . 12 Description: for execution. Each automatic jump instruction also requires four sector times. A pair of program instructions and the automatic jump instruction that loads them can be executed in a single drum revolution (11. 7 milliseconds) if the operands of both program instructions are carefully located to minimize access times. Optimization of the operand addresses is time-consuming and often impossible, so two or three drum revolutions are more commonly required for each pair of instructions. Both minimum and typical execution times are shown in the Processor Performance section (paragraph. 4). . . . . . . Monrobot XI Computer. The Monrobot XI Computer is a desk-size, solidstate unit that also houses the magnetic drum store. The Console Control Unit is swivel-mounted on top of the Computer cabinet. Two single-address instructions are stored in each 32- bit word location. The basic instruction format is a 6-bit operation code and a lO-bit operand address. Coding is usually done in machine language, with four hexadecimal characters per instruction. There are 26 instructions available, including addition' subtraction, and multiplication of single word.13 length binary data. Automatic division is not provided; but the "detract" command causes repetitive .14 subtraction with counting; it is useful in division subroutines and in binary-to-decimal radix conversions. The "extract" command is a logical AND. Binary or .2 decimal shifts of up to 8 positions may be performed; the decimal shifts are automatic multiplications or .21 divisions by powers of ten. Input and output instructions initiate the transfer of a single character of up to eight bits from or to the addressed input-output device, with automatic processor interlock if the device is not ready. .211 The Monrobot XI differs from most one-address processors by having no sequence counter. A threeinstruction "control loop" consists of the 16-bit control register, which decodes the instruction being executed, and the 32-bit instruction register, which provides fast access storage for two instructions that are about to be or have just been executed. One of the three instructions in the cQntrol loop is always an "automatic jump" that contains the address of the next instruction word to be brought into the loop for execution. During normal sequential operation, every third instruction executed is the automatic jump; it loads the next pair of instructions into the instruction register and is itself incremented by one and recirculated through the loop. As far as the user is concerned, the instructions in his program are executed sequentially except when a programmed branch causes a different address to be placed into the automatic jump instruction. Therefore, the unusual sequence control facility can be ignored in programming except for its effect upon execution times. All of the Monrobot XI instructions except multiply, detract, and shifts require four sector times (2.92 milliseconds, or one-fourth of a drum revolution) Use of one or more of the seven fast access registers for temporary storage of data or instructions can significantly decrease execution times in many applications. "These registers have a constant access time of 0.73 milliseconds, so they are always "optimum. " Availability: 3 to 6 months. First Delivery: December, 1960. PROCESSING FACILITIES 0eerations and 0l2erands Operation and Variation Provision Radix Size Fixed point Add -subtract: Multiply Short: Long: Divide No remainder: RI!mainder: automatic binary 1 word. automatic binary 1 word. none. subroutine binary 1 word. subroutine subroutine subroutine binary binary binary 24& 8 bits. 24& 8 bits. 24& 8 bits. automatic none. binary 1 word. none. .212 Floating point Add-Subtract: Multiply: Divide: .213 Boolean AND: Inclusive OR: .214 Comparison Numbers: Absolute: Letrers: Mixed Collating sequence: subtract & test none. subtract & test subtract & test irregUlar (see Data Code Tables 1 & 2). .215 Code translation: none. .216 Radix conversion Provision From subroutines subrOl1tines decimal binary To binary decimal 1 word. 1 word. 1 word. Size 1 to 9 digits. 1 word. ( \. © 1962 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated 10/62 531 :051.217 § MONROBOT XI 051. Provision Comment Size .217 Edit format: Alter size: Suppress zero: Round off: Insert point: Insert spaces: Protection: none. subroutine none. subroutine none. none. • 218 Table look-up: ••• • 219 Others Decimal shift: Binary shift: Detract: automatic 'automatic automatic 1 word. 1 word. see Instruction .. .. . ..... none • left or right left, right, end around .236 Directly addressed operands . 2361 Internal storage type; drum . Minimum size: 1 word. Maximum size: 1 word. Volume accessible: 1,024 locations. .2362 Increased address capacity: .. . none . .237 Address indexing: . none. .238 Indirect addressing: none. .239 Stepping: own coding required .24 Special Processor Storage • 241 Category of Number of locations storage 1 word 1 word; 2 words for end around shift. 1 word. . Drum: Drum: Processor: List .22 · 223 Operand size determination: .23 .242 Category of Total storage number Special Cases of Operands · 221 Negative numbers: . .222 Zero: . . . . . 7 1 1 locations two's complement. 1 form, interpreted as plus zero i.n tests. Drum: 8 Processor: 1 Size in bits 32 each 32 16 Physical form recirculatingtracks flip-flops .3 SEQUENCE CONTROL FEATURES .31 Instruction Seg,uencing .311 N~mber Program usage fast access storage. insrruction register. control register. Access time, p. sec Cycle time, p.'sec '730 730. ? 730. fixed; 1 ':Vord. Instruction Formats .231 Instruction structure: . 2 instructions per word. · 232 Instruction layout: Part Command Operand 6 10 Size (bits) of sequence control facilities: .314 Special sub- sequence counters: . .315 Sequence control step size: .316 Accessibility to routines: 1 ("automatic jump" instruction in control loop). none. 1 word (2 instructions). by means of "jump mark" instruction (see Instruction List). · 233 Instruction parts Name Command: Operand: . Purpose specifies operation 1) specifies track (4 bits), sector (4 bits) and phase (2 bits) address of operand; 2) specifies length of a shift operation; or 3) contains the 8-bit code for an output character . . 234 Basic address structure: 1 + o. · 235 Literals Arithmetic:. . . . none. Comparisons and tests: . . . . none. Incrementing modifiers:. none. Shifting: 1 to 8 binary or decimal digit positions. .317 Permanent or optional modifier: . no. .32 Look-Ahead: none. .33 Interruption: none. .34 Multi-running: none. .35 Multi - seg,uenci~: none. .4 PROCESSOR SPEEDS Conditions I: . II: III: operands in optimum locations wherever possible. operands randomly placed, as in typical user coding. floating point mode, using standard subroutines. 10/62 CENTRAL PROCESSOR § 531 :051.410 051. .41 Condition: Instruction Times in IL secs Condition: II III .411 Fixed pOint Add-subtract: 5,800 11,700 35,000 Multiply: 29,200 Divide (estimated) Using generalized subroutine: 700,000 700,000 Using special routines: 300,000 300,000 .412 Floating point Add: 420,000. Subtract: 480,000. Multiply: 500,000. Divide: 600,000. .413 Additional allowance for Indexing: none. Indirect addressing: none. Re - complementing: none. .414 Control Branch: 5,850 11, 700 Compare and branch: 11, 700 23,400 .415 Counter control Step and test: 29,200 58,500 (5 instructions) . 416 Edit: see Note below • .417 Convert: see Note below. .418 Shift N positions: 3,650 + 9,500+ (decimal or binary) 730N 730N Note: Radix conversion and straightforward editing of numeric data can usually be accomplished during the 47 milliseconds available between characters at the maximum input-output speed of 20 char/sec. when specially-coded, optimized routines are used. .423 Branch based dh"comparison Numeric data: 117,000 Alphabetic data: 117,000 .424 Switching Unchecked: 46,800 Checked: 82,000 List search: 58,500+ 82,OoON . 425 Format control per character (including radix conversions) Unpack: 47,000(**). Compose: 47,000(**). .426 Table look up per comparis on For a match: 70,000 For least or greatest: 72,000 For interpolation point: 70,000 .427 Bit indicators Set bit in separate location: 11,700 Set bit in pattern: 35,100 Test bit in separate location: 17,600 Test bit in pattern: 23,400 Test AND for B bits: 29,200 Test OR for B bits: 58,500 .428 Moving N words Using loop: 7o,OOoN Using straight-line coding: l1,70oN .5 152,000. 152,000. 58,500. 117,000. 58,000+ 105,ooON. 94,000. 96,000. 94,000. 23,400. 46,800. 35,100. 46,800. 58,500. 82,000. 82,OooN. 23,40oN. ERRORS, CHECKS, AND ACTION Error .42 II Check or Interlock Action Processor Performance in IL secs Condition: I II III .421 For random addresses c = a + b: 17,600 35,100 443,000. b = a + b: 17,600 35,100 443,000. 5, 850N 11,70oN 42o,OOoN. Sum N items: c = ab: 41,000 58,500 523,000. e = alb (estimated) Using generalized subroutine: 712,000 723,000 623,000. Using special routines: 312,000 323,000 .422 For arrays of data 105,000 129,000 537,000. ci = ai + b j : 105,000 129,000 537,000. bj = ai + bj : 58,500 94,000 502,000. Sum N items: 105,000 140, 000 1, 040,000. c = c + aibj : © Overflow: Underflow: Zero divisor: Invalid data: Invalid operation: Arithmetic error: Invalid address:· Receipt of data: Dispatch of data: programmed test none. checked by Divide subroutine none. none. none. all addresses valid. none. none. see note below. transfer to fixed location. varies. Note: The two high-order bit positions (sign and "overflow" bits) of an arithmetic result will always have the same values except when overflow has occurred; a programmed test is required. 1962 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated 10/62 531:061.100 .STAliDAAD EDP _ Monrobot XI Console REPORTS CONSOLE § .23 061. Stops and Restarts Comment Form Name .1 GENERAL . 11 Identity:. . Console Control Unit. HALT switch: off-on button .12 Associated Units: Input-Output Typewriter stands on console desk and provides keyboard input and typed output. Optional 16-Key Keyboard can be used ~or manual input of numeric data. START switch: button . 13 .24 Stepping: . . . . . . . with HALT switch on, one instruction is executed each time START is depressed. .25 Resets Description: The basic Monrobot XI system consists of the desksize Computer cabinet and a knee -hole desk that holds the input-output equipment. The two cabinets are commonly arranged in an "L" shape with the input-output desk on the right. Additional matching cabinet modules can be used to house expanded equipment configurations. The Console Control Unit is a small box that is swivel-mounted on the top of the Computer cabinet, at desk-top level. It contains five back-lighted control buttons, eight intervention (sense) switches, seven input-output alarm lights, and a 16-light binary display of the next instruction to be executed. Name: Form: Comment: . 26 The controls are simple and convenient, but the lack of a display of the contents of the accumulator seri0usly hampers console debugging. This deficiency can be remedied by the addition of the optional Os.27 cilloscope View. Box, which can be manually switched to provide a binary display of the accumulator, controlloop, or Fast Access Register 4 or 5. In the RESET mode, automatic operation is suspended and data can ,be entered into the accumulator from .28 the typewriter or 16-key keyboard. Only the hexadecimal characters 0 through 9 and S through X may be typed. If tn9re than eight characters are typed the first ones will be shifted beyond the high order end of the accumul<1tor and lost. The reset mode is .3 necessary for loading initial "boot-strap" programs, for transferring control to the beginning of a specific .31 program, and for mairual alteration of data in st9rage. .2 CONTROLS . 21 Power • 22 Name: Form: Comment: ON switch. off-on button. controls system power. Connections: none. © halts automatic operation after execution of instruction in control register. initiates automatic operation. RESET switch. off-on button. halts and prevents automatic operation and sets control loop to zero. Loading Name: Form: Comment: .LOAD switch. button. transfers contents of accumulator to instruction register whl;ln in RESET mode. Sense Switches Name: Form: Comment: Intervention Switches. 8 off-on buttons. status can be tested by the stored program. Special: none. DISPLAY Alarms Name Form Input: 3 lights Output: 3 lights Parity: light 1962 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated Comment lit when no character is available from an addressed input device . lit when output cannot be made to an addressed device (busy, not connected, etc.) indicates even parity in last character entered . 10/62 531:061.320 § MONROBOT XI 061. .32 .41 Into Control Registers: . . . . . . Conditions Name ON: RESET: } LOAD: HALT: START: . 33 Form .42 lighted buttons Control Registers: .... .34 Storage: . . . . . . . .4 ENTRY OF DATA 10/62 Comment lit when corresponding switch is "on". .16 Control Register Lights provide binary display of next instruction to be exe cuted. Optional Oscilloscope View Box provides binary display of anyone of the following, selected by manual switch: accumulator, Fast Access Register 4 or 5, or control loop. no direct display available. in RESET mode, can be typed into accumulator (in hexadecimal form) and transferred into instruction register by depressing LOAD SWitch. Into Storage 1. Depress RESET switch. 2. Type "TADR", where ADR is hexadecimal address of the location to be filled. 3. Depress LOAD button. 4. Type desired data value, in hexadecimal form . 5. Depress START button . 5 CONVENIENCES .51 Communications: .52 Clock: .53 Desk Space: tops of Computer cabinet and knee-hole desk provide ample free work space • • 54 View: most equipment configurations can be arranged so that seated operator has clear view of entire systern. . none. , • none. 531:071.100 • II STANDARD EDP Monrobot XI Input-Output Paper Tape Reader REPORTS INPUT-OUTPUT: PAPER TAPE READER §071. .24 .1 GENERAL . 11 Identity: . . . 12 Use of station: Stacks: Heads/ stack: . Method of use: Paper Tape Reader. (8-Track and 5-Track Models.) .3 EXTERNAL STORAGE Description .31 Form of Storage The Paper Tape Reader is manufactured by Commercial Controls Corporation. It reads standard paper tape codes at a peak speed of 20 characters per second. The two models differ only in tape code level: 8-track or 5-track. The feed pan permits tape to be fed from the inside of a roll, so no rewinding is necessary. In the basic Monrobot XI system, the reader mechanism is mounted on the front of the upper drawer of the input-output desk, just below desktop level. . 311 Medium:. .312 Phenomenon: Each input instruction reads a single character into the low-order bit positions of the accumulator and then advances the tape to the next row. Execution of the input instruction takes less than three milliseconds, and other internal operations can be carried out during the remaining 47 milliseconds (4 drum revolutions) of each reader cycle. If consecutive input instructions occur too close together, the processor waits until the next character is available from the reader. Optional Feature 5-8 Channel Switch: Permits reading either 5-track of 8-track punched tape, depending upon the position of a manual switch. Since all code conversions are programmed, the switch simply deactivates three of the eight sensing pins. • 13 Availability: 3 to 6 months. .14 First Delivery: . December, 1960. .2 PHYSICAL FORM .21 Drive Mechanism .211 Drive past the head:. . 212 Reservoirs:. .32 paper or plastic tape . round holes, fully punched or chadless. .322 Parallel by: .324 Track use Model: Data: Redundancy check: Timing (sprocket track): Control signals (end line): Unused: Total (exclusive of sprocket track): .325 Row use llita: Redundancy check:. Timing:. Control signals: . Unused: Gap: .33 Coding: .34 Format Compatibility: sprocket drive, pull only. none. 1 to N rows at 10 per inch; N is controlled by program. 8 or 5 tracks at standard spacing. 8-Track 6 1 (1) 5-Track 5. O. (1). o 1 O. O. 8 5. 1 to N. O. O. 1 (optional delimiter). O. none required. 1 character per row, as in Data Code Table 1 or 2 . (Since code translation is programmed, other codes can be read.) with all devices using standard 8- or 5-track punchedtape . Physical Dimensions Sensing and Recording Systems .221 Recording system: . 222 Sensing system: . 23 reading punched tape. 1. 8 or 5 . reads 1 row at a time. Positional Arrangement .321 Serial by: .35 .22 Arrangement of Heads Multiple Copies: none. sensing pins. .351 Overall width 8-track tape: 5-track tape: .352 Length: none. © 1962 by Auerbach Corparation and BNA Incorporated 1.0 inch. 0.6875 inch . up to about 400 feet per roll . 10/62 531:071.400 § MONROBOT XI on. .55 .4 CONTROLLER .41 Identity:... . . 42 Connection to System 3 buffers (2 standard, 1 optional). none. .422 Off-line:. . 43 .56 Testable Conditions Disabled: . . . . Busy device: Nearly exhausted: Busy controller: . End of medium marks: . . . . Connection to Device .431 Devices per controller: 1. .432 Restrictions: . . . . . maximum of 1 input and 1 output device (or 1 inputoutput device) per buffer. .44 no. no. no. no. no . Disable: . . . . . Request interrupt: Select format: Select code: Rewind: . . . Input-Output Buffer (housed in Computer cabinet). .421 On-line: . Control.Operations .6 PERFORMANCE .61 Conditions: .62 Speeds no . no; lockout. no . no . no. Olta Transfer Control .441 Size of load: .442 Input area: 1 character of 8 or 5 bits • accumuIator (low order bits). fully accessible to program. processor waits on lockout until the cha;racter has been read. none. by program for successive characters. see .444 . .443 Input area access: .444 Input area lockout: .445 Table control: . .446 Synchronization: .447 Synchronizing aids: .5 PROGRAM FACILITIES AVAILABLE . 51 Blocks . 511 Size of block: .512 Block demarcation Input: . . . .621 Nominal or peak speed: .623 Overhead: .624 Effective speed: . 63 Demands on System . variable . . as programmed; any character can be used as a delimiter, or a fixed num - .7 ber of characters can be read. .n processor . 2.9 5.8 EXTERNAL FACILITIES Adjustments:. . . . . none . Other Controls Input-Output Operations · 521 Input: . . . . . . . . .522 . 523 .524 .525 · 526 Output: . Stepping:. Skipping:. Marking:. Searching: · 53 Code Translation: . 54 Format Control: 10/62 20 char/sec . asynchronous; reading rate is controlled by program . . . . 20 char/sec if less than 50 m. sec elapse between successive input instructions . Component: . . . m. sec. per char: Percentage: . . . • 72 .52 . . . none. Form Comment Function Manual Gear knob advances or backs up read 1 character into low Wheel: order bit positions of tape manually. accumulator and advance 5-8 Channel tape to next row; set all Switch: 2-way optional; selects code other accumulator bit switch level. pos itions to 0, except set sign bit to 1 if input character has even parity. .73 Loading and Unloading none . none. ·.731 Volumes handled none. Capacity Storage none. 6- inch dia. roll (about 400 Feed pan: . . none. feet). Take-up reel: 6-inch dia. roll (about 400 by program; Data Code feet). Tables 1 and 2 show the 0.5 to 1.0 minute; reader .732 Replenishment time: standard 8-track and Sneeds to be stopped. track codes. .734 Optimum reloading period: . . . . . about 40 minutes. none. 531:071.720 INPUT -OUTPUT: PAPER TAPE READER § .8 071. • 72 Other Controls Function Manual Gear Wheel: 5-8 Channel Switch: ERRORS, CHECKS AND ACTION Error Form knob 2-way switch Comment advances or backs up tape manually. optional; selects code level. © Reading: Input area overflow: Invalid code: Exhausted medium: Im perfect medium: Timing conflicts 1962 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated Check or Interlock parity check (8track only) not possible. reads all codes into accumulator. "no tape" switch "tight tape" switch lockout Action set bit indicator in accumulator. stop reader. stop reader. processor waits until character is available. 10/62 531 :072.100 .STANIl'JID EDP _ REPORTS Monrobot XI Input-Output Edge-Punched Card Reader INPUT-OUTPUT: EDGE-PUNCHED CARD READER § 072. .12 .1 GENERAL . 11 Identity: . . . . . . . Edge-Punched Card Reader. .12 Description Description (Contd.) can be read if the optional 5-8 Channel Switch is added • The Edge-Punched Card Reader has all the facllities, features, and specifications of the Paper Tape Reader, described in section :071. In addition, it is equipped to feed rectangular cards of widely varying size and to read information punched along their margins in standard paper tape code formats at a peak speed of 20 characters per second. Eight-track and five-track models are available; both levels of coding No facilities are provided for feeding or stacking consecutive cards, so each card or short fanfold set must be loaded into the reader and removed by the operator. This can be done in a few seconds, and the more rapid loading and unloading represents a major advantage of cards over punched tape for applications where the external storage must be of the random access type. Change-overs between punched tape and cards require no special adjust·ments. The punched tape feed reel and take-up pan are identical to those in the Paper Tape Reader. c· © 1962 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated 10/62 531:073.100 • II STANDARD EDP Monrobot XI Input-Output Paper Tape Punch REI'DRTS INPUT -OUTPUT: PAPER TAPE PUNCH § .24 073. .1 GENERAL . 11 Identity: . 12 Arrangement of Heads Use of station: Stacks: Heads/ stack: . Paper Tape Punch . (8-Track and 5-Track Models). Method of use: Description: .3 EXTERNAL STORAGE The Paper Tape Punch described here is built by Monroe. Other punches have been supplied with the Monrobot XI, but all have the same functional specifications. The punch is usually housed in the lower drawer of a cabinet module, where it can be rolled forward for convenient loading, unloading, and maintenance. .31 Form of Storage Punched tape codes of eight or five tracks can be produced at a peak speed of 20 characters per second. Since all code conversions are programmed, ed, any code that uses standard hole spacings can be accommodated. Each output instruction initiates the punching of a single character code, after which the tape is advanced one row. The processor is delayed for less than three milliseconds, and the remaining 47 milliseconds of the punch cycle are usually used to prepare the next character for punching. If consecutive output instructions occur too close together, the processor waits until the punch is ready. There are no checks on recording, but a parity bit can be computed and punched automatically on 8-track tape. Optional Feature . 311 Medium:. .312 Phenomenon: .32 .321 Serial by: . 322 Parallel by: Model Data: Redundancy check: Timing (sprocket track): Control signals (end line): Unused: Total (exclusive of sprocket track): Availability: 3 to 6 months . . 14 First Delivery: . December, 1960. .33 Coding: .2 PHYSICAL FORM .21 Drive Mechanism .34 Format Compatibility: . . . . . .22 sprocket drive, pull only. none. .35 Sensing and Recording Systems .221 Recording system: . .222 Sensing system: . die punches. none. . 23 none. Multiple Copies: . © 1 to N rows at 10 per inch; N is controlled by program . 8 or 5 tracks at standard spacing . . 324 Track use . 13 .211 Drive past the head: . 212 Reservoirs: . . . paper or plastiC tape . fully punched round holes. Positional Arrangement .325 Row use Data: Redundancy check: Timing: Control signals: . Unused: Gap: 5-8 Channel Switch: Permits punching either Strack or 8-track codes, depending upon the position of a manual switch. punching tape. 1. 8 or 5 (plus sprocket punch). punches 1 row at a time. 8-Track 5-Track 6 1 5. (1) (1). 1 0 o. 8 5. o. O. 1 to N. O. O. 1 (optional delimiter). O. none required . 1 character per row, as in Data Code Table 1 or 2. (Since code translation is programmed, other codes can be punched.) with all devices using standard 8 - or 5 -track punched tape . Physical Dimensions .351 Overall width 8 -track tape: 5-track tape: . 352 Length: . . . 1962 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated 1.0 inch. 0.6875 inch . up to 1.000 feet per roll . 10/62 531:073.400 MONROBOT XI 073. CONTROLLER .4 § .41 Identity: . .42 Connection to S}:,:stem .421 On-line: . .422 Off-line: . . 43 1. maximum of 1 inPl1t and 1 output device (or 1 inputoutput device) per buffer. Data Transfer Control .441 Size of load: . .442 Output areas: .6 PERFORMANCE .61 Conditions: .62 Speeds .51 Blocks Demands on System Component: m.sec per char.: Percentage: .511 Size of block: .512 Block demarcation Output: . . .73 .521 Input: . . 522 Output: . 523 .524 . 525 . 526 Stepping:. Skipping:. Marking:. Searching: . 53 Code Translation: .54 . 55 Format Control: . 10/62 none. Control Operations Disable: . . . . . Request interrupt: Select format: Select code: Rewind: Form Comment button prepares leaders. 2-way switch optional; selects code level. Loading and Unloading .731 Volumes handled none . punch 1 character as deStorage fined by low-order bits of Fast Access Register 5 or , Feed reel: of the output instruction Take -up reel: itself; parity bit is com.732 Replenishment puted and punched autotime: matically on S -track tape. none. .734 Optimum reloading none. period: . . . . . none . none . by program; Data Code Tables 1 and 2 show the standard S-track and Strack codes. no. no. no. no. no. .S none. Other Controls . as programmed. Input-Output Operations 5.S. Adjustments:..... Tape Feed: 5-S Channel Switch: . variable. processor. 2.9 . EXTERNAL FACILITIES Function .52 none . 20 char/sec. asynchronous; punching rate is controlled by program . . 624 Effective speeds: . . . 20 char/sec. if less than 50 m. sec. elapse between successive output instructions . .5 . 447 ... .621 Nominal or peak speed: . . 623 Overhead: . . . 1 character of S or 5 bits . low order bits of Fast Access Register 5 or of .63 the output instruction itself. Output area access: . fully accessible to program. Output area lockout:. none required . Table control:. . none . Synchronization: . by program for successive .7 characters . Synchronizing aids: processor waits on lock.71 out until previous character has been punched. .72 PROGRAM FACILITIES AVAILABLE .443 .444 . 445 . 446 no. no; lockout. no. no . no. Disabled: Busy device: . . . Nearly exhausted: . Busy controller: End of medium marks. Input-Output Buffer (housed in Computer cabinet). 3 buffers (2 standard, 1 optional). none. Testable Conditions Connection to Device .431 Devices per controller: .432 Restrictions: . .44 .56 Capacity 1,000 feet. 1,000 feet. 2 to 3 minutes; punch needs to be stopped . 100 minutes . ERRORS, CHECKS AND ACTION Error Check or Interlock Recording: Output block size: Invalid code: Exhausted medium: Imperfect medium: Timing conflicts: single char. only• all codes valid. "no tape" switch "tight tape" switch lockout Receipt of data: none. Action none. stop punch. stop punch. wait until operation can proceed. 531:074.100 • STANDARD EDP _ REPORTS Monrobot XI Input-Output Edge-Punched Card Punch INPUT -OUTPUT: EDGE-PUNCHED CARD PUNCH § 074. .12 .1 GENERAL .11 Identity: . .12 Description . . . • • Edge-Punched Card Punch. The Edge-Punched Card Punch has all the facilities, features, and specifications of the Paper Tape Punch, described in section :073. In addition, it is equipped to feed rectangular cards of widely varying size and to punch information along their margins in standard © Description (Contd.) paper tape code formats. No facilities are provided for feeding or stacking the cards, so each individual card or short fanfold set must be inserted and removed by the operator; the process takes only a few seconds. Feed and take-up facilities are provided for punched tape, and change-overs between cards and tape require no special adjustments. Eighttrack and five-track models are available. 1962 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated 10/62 531:075.100 Monrobot XI Input-Output Card Reader INPUT-OUTPUT: CARD READER § 075. .22 .1 GENERAL . 11 Identity: · 12 . . . . . . . Card Reader. (mM 024 Card Punch or 026 Printing Card Punch with Model 24 Coupler). Sensing and Recording Systems .221 Recording system: . .222 Sensing system: . . 223 Common system: die punches. brushes . no. .23 Multiple Copies: . none. · 24 Arrangement of Heads Description The Card Reader used in the Monrobot XI system is the mM 024 Card Punch or 026 Printing Card Punch (the familiar mM "keypunches"). Each model includes a feeding, transport, and stacking mechanism for standard SO-column punched cards; a punch station; a read station; and a manual keyboard. Model 026 includes a printing mechanism that prints each character at the top of the card column in which it is punched. The printing feature is not useful unless the unit will also be used for on-line or manual punching. Cards are read column by column at the rate of 16 columns per second. Skipping occurs at SO columns per second. The standard Hollerith card code is used, and a translation matrix in the required Model 24 Coupler translates each column code into the corresponding S-track paper tape code, which enters the low-order eight bit positions of the accumulator. Each input instruction causes a single column to be read, after which the card is advanced to the next column. Sixty-four milliseconds are available for internal processing between columns at the peak speed of 16 columns per second. Parity checks are made on the translated codes. Use of station: . Stacks: . . . . . Heads/ stack:. . Method of use: . punching. 1. 12. punches 1 column at a time. Use of station: Distance: . . . Stacks: . . . . Heads/ stack:. Method of use: printing (026 only). at punch station. 1. 1. prints each punched character at top of column; not used when reading. . . . . Use of station: . Distance: . Stacks: . Heads/stack: • Method of use: . .3 EXTERNAL STORAGE .31 Form of Storage . 311 Medium: . . • . 312 Phenomenon: . . A single Card Punch can be used for both input and · 32 Positional Arrangement output. In this case both the Model 24 and Model 26 Couplers must be used. The couplers can be substi- .321 Serial by: tuted for the paper tape reader and punch in the basic Monrobot XI system on a one-for-one basis; .322 Parallel by: the Card Punches themselves must be rented or purchased from mM. Before the Card Punch can be . 324 Track use: . used for off-line keypunching, the cable connecting it . 325 Row use: . to the Model 24 and/or Model 26 Coupler must be disconnected. · 33 Coding:.. · 13 Availability:. 3 to 6 months. · 14 First Delivery: 1961 (with Monrobot XI). .2 PHYSICAL FORM · 21 Drive Mechanism . 211 Drive past the head: . 212 Reservoirs: • . . • pinch roller friction . none. © reading. 1 card length to left of punch station. 1. 12. reads 1 column at a time. standard SO-column cards . rectangular holes . SO columns at standard spacing. 12 tracks at standard spacing. all for data • all for data . column code as in Data Code Table No.3. .34 Format Compatibility:. with other devices using standard SO-column cards • . 35 Physical Dimensions: .4 CONTROLLER .41 Identity: 1962 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated standard SO-column cards. Model 24 Coupler . Input- Output Buffer • (Both are required). 10/62 531:075.420 § MONROBOT XI 075. .42 ....... .54 Format Control: . • . . program card controls skipping. .55 Control 0eerations 1 Model 24 Coupler. 3 Input-Output Buffers (2 standard, 1 optIonal). . 422 Off-line Use Associated equipment All normal keypunch functions: • . • . ; none (must be disconnected from Coupler). ... .. . . Disable: Request interrupt: . Offset card: · Select stacker: . Select format: Select code: Skip: . . . . . Connection to Device . 431 Devices per controller: 1. . 432 Restrictions: • . • • . . maximum of 1 input and 1 output device (or 1 inputoutput device) per buffer; if both Card Reader and Card Punch are used, they must be connected to the same buffer. . 44 Code Translation: • . . automatic translation from card code to 8-track tape code as in Data Code Table No.1 (but translation from tape code to internal codes must be programmed) . Connection to System .421 On-line: .43 .53 .56 Data Transfer Control • 441 Size of load: . 442 Input area: • . 443 Input area access: . 444 Input area lockout: • . 445 Table control: . . .446 Synchronization: . .447 Synchronizing aids: 1 column, translated to one 8-bit character. accumulator (low order bits) . fully accessible to program . processor waits on lockout until the character has been read. none. .6 by program for successive characters. .61 see .444. Testable Conditions Disabled: • . . . . Busy device: . . . Nearly exhausted: Busy controller: Hopper empty: . Stacker full: . . no . no; lockout. no . no. no . no. PERFORMANCE ... Conditions: . PROGRAM FACILITIES AVAILABLE . 62 .51 Blocks .621 Nominal or peak speed Reading: Skipping: . • . '.' .623 Overhead: .52 1 card. fixed. Input- Outeut 0eerations .521 Input: . • . . . . . . . . . read 1 column, translate, and store in low order 8 bit positions of accumulator; set all other bit positions to 0, except set sign bit to 1 if input character has even parity. . 522 Output: . see section :076 . none. .523 Stepping: skip 2 to 80 columns, ac.524 Skipping: cording to format of program card on Card Punch drum; skipping can be initiated by the program card or by a special instruction . . 525 Marking: . none • . 526 Searching: none. 10/62 ..... .624 Effective speeds: .63 none . Speeds .5 .511 Size of block: .512 Block demarcation: no . no • no. no. no. no. yes. 16 columns/ sec. 80 columns/sec. O. 25 second for card release-feed cycle. 15 char/sec (or 11 cards/ min. ) for fully punched cards if less than 67 m. sec elapse between successive input instructions. Demands on S:y:stem · .. Component: m. sec per char.: Percentage: · .. .7 EXTERNAL FACILITIES .71 Adjustments: . .. . .. processor. 2.9. 4.6. none . INPUT·OUTPUT: CARD READER § 531:075.720 075. • 72 .8 ERRORS, CHECKS AND ACTION Other Controls Error Function Form button Program Control: lever Pressure Roll Release: . 73 Action Comment Reading: Feed: Check or Interlock initiates card feedrelease cycle. selects program card format control. lever permits manual removal of cards. Imperfect medium: Timing conflicts: parity check on translated code translation matrix assigns even parity none. lockout Hopper empty: Stacker full: check check- Invalid code: set bit indicator in accumulator. set bit indicator in accumulator. processor waits until character is available. stop reader. stop reader • Loading and Unloading .731 Volumes handled Storage Hopper: . . . . Stacker: . . . . . 732 Replenishment time:. • 734 Optimum reloading period: • . • . . . Capacity . 500 cards. 500 cards. 0.5 to 1. 0 minute; reader needs to be stopped . 44 minutes. © 1962 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated 10/62 531:076.100 • II STANDARD REPORTS EDP Monrobot XI Input-Output Cord Punch INPUT -OUTPUT: CARD PUNCH § 076. .1 GENERAL . 11 Identity: • 12 Description . 23 Multiple Copies: . . . .24 Arrangement of Heads Card Punch. (lBM 024 Card Punch or 026 Printing Card Punch with Model 26 Coupler). The Card Punch used in the Monrobot XI system is the IBM 024 Card Punch or 026 Printing Card Punch (the familiar IBM "keypunches"). Each model includes a feeding, transport, and stacking mechanism for standard SO-column punched cards; a punch station; a read station; and a manual keyboard. Model 026 includes a printing mechanism that can print each character at the top of the column in which it is punched. Each output instruction causes one character to be transmitted from the processor in 8-track paper tape code, converted to a standard Hollerith card code by a translation matrix in the Model 26 Coupler, and punched into one card column. At the peak speed of 16 columns per second, 64 milliseconds are available for internal processing between columns. Skipping occurs at 80 columns per second; it can be initiated by a special output instruction or by the program card on the Card Punch drum. The program card and/or computer program can also initiate the card release-feed cycle and control the duplication of information from one card into corresponding fields of the next card. No checks are performed on punching or on character validity, but certain illegal code patterns will cause the punch to "hang up." A single Card Punch can be used for both input and output, in which case both the Model 24 and Model 26 Couplers must be used. Before the punch can be used for off-line keypunching, the cable connecting it to the Coupler(s) must be disconnected. . 13 Availability:. . 3 to 6 months. • 14 First Delivery: . 1961 (with Monrobot XI). .2 PHYSICAL FORM . 21 Drive Mechanism Use of station: Stacks: Heads/stack: . Method of use: punching . 1. 12. punches 1 column at a time • Use of station: Distance: Stacks: Heads/stack: . Method of use: printing (026 only). at punch station. 1. 1. prints each character at top of column, simultaneous with punching. Use of station: Distance: reading. 1 card length to left of punch station. 1. 12. reads 1 column at a time. Stacks: . . . Heads/stack: . Method of use: .25 Range of Symbols (printed by 026 only) Numerals: Letters: Special: Total: EXTERNAL STORAGE .31 Form of Storage .321 Serial by: .322 Parallel by: .324 Track use: . . 325 Row use: #@",%$.*&O- column code as in Data Code Table No.3 . .33 Coding: .34 Format Compatibility: ... Physical Dimensions: .4 CONTROLLER .41 Identity: © 11 80 columns at standard spacing. 12 tracks at standard spacing. all for data. all for data . .22 die punches . brushes. no. 0-9. Positional Arrangement .35 . 221 Recording system: . . 222 Sensing system: . 223 Common system: A-Z. standard 80-column cards. rectangular holes. . 311 Medium: . .312 Phenomenon: .211 Drive past the head: . . pinch roller friction . . 212 Reservoirs: . . . . . none. Sensing and Recording Systems 10 26 47 and blank .3 .32 none. 1962 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated with other devices using standard 80-column cards • standard 80-column cards. Model 26 Coupler . Input-Output Buffer. (Both are required) . 10/62 MONROBOT XI 531:076.420 § 076. .4~ .53 Code Translation: .54 Format Control Connection to System 1 Model 26 Couplet . 3 Input-Output Buffers (2 standard, 1 optional). . 421 On-line: . .422 Off-line Use As sociated equipment All normal keypunch none (must be disconnectfunctions: . ed from Coupler). .43 1. maximum of 1 input and 1 output device (or 1 inputoutput device) per buffer; if both Card Reader and Card Punch are used, they must be connected to the same buffer. .55 • 442 Output areas: .443 Output area access: . .444 Output area lockout: .445 Table control: •.446 Synchronization: aids: one 8-bit character, translated to 1 card column. low order bits of Fast Access Register 5 or of the output instruction itself. fully accessible to program. none required. none. by program for successive characters. processor waits on lockout until previous character has been punched. .447 Syn~hronizing •5 PROGRAM FACILITIES AVAILABLE . 51 Blocks .511 Size of block: . 512 Block demarcation: 1 card . fixed. Input-Output Operations .521 Input: .522 Output: .523 Stepping: . 524 Skipping: .525 Marking: . 526 Searching: see section :075. translate to card code and punch 1 column, as defined by low order 8 bits of Fast Access Register 5 or of the output instruction itself. none. skip 2 to 80 columns, according to format of program card on Card Punch drum; skipping can be initiated by the program card or by a special instruction. none. none. Select code: Skip: Duplicate: Release and fee!! next card: Multiple punch: . .56 2 with Alternate Program feature on 024 or 026. no . 026 only. no. yes. no . yes. yes. no. no. no . no. 1 of 2 with Alternate Program feature only. no . yes. yes. yes . yes. Testable Conditions Disabled: Busy device: Nearly exhausted: . Busy controller: Hopper empty: Stacker full: .6 PERFORMANCE .61 Conditions: .62 Speeds .621 Nominal or peak speed Punching: . Skipping: . .623 Overhead: .624 Effective speeds: .63 program card. Control Operations Disable: . Request interrupt: Offset ca:rd: Select stacker: Select format: Data Transfer Control .441 Size of load: . 52 Rearrangement: Suppress zeros: Insert point: Insert spaces: Recording density: Section sizes: Alphabetic shift: Connection to Device .431 Devices per controller: . 432 Restrictions: . .44 Control: . Format alternatives: . automatic translation from '8-track tape code to card code (but translation from internal codes to tape code must be programmed). no • no; lockout. no. no. no . no . none . 16 columns/sec. 80 columns/sec. O. 25 second for card release-feed cycle. 15 char/sec (or 11 cards/ min.) for fully punched cards if less than 67 m . sec. elapse between successive output instructions. Demands on System Component: m. sec per char.: Percentage: processor. 2.9. 4.6 . 10/62 INPUT-OUTPUT: CARD PUNCH 531 :076.700 §076. .7 . 71 • 72 .73 .731 Volumes handled Storage Hopper: . . Stacker: . . .732 Replenishment time: EXTERNAL FACILITIES Adjustments:. . . . . .none . Capacity 500 cards. 500 cards. O. 5 to 1. 0 minute; plinch needs to be stopped • . 734 Optimum reloading period: . Other Controls Function Loading and Unloading Form Feed: button Program Control: lever Pressure Roll Release: lever Comment initiates card release -feed cycle. selects program card format control. permits manual removal of cards. Note: Duplication, skipping, shifting, multiple punching, release, and registration can all be controlled manually by keyboard buttons. © .8 44 minutes. ERRORS, CHECKS AND ACTION Error Check or Interlock Recording: Output block size: Invalid code: none. single char. only. none Imperfect medium: Timing conflicts: none. lockout Hopper empty: Stacker full: check check 1962 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated Action punch illegal card code or hang up. wait until operation can proceed. stop punch. stop punch. 10/62 531:077.100 .STANDARO II REPCRTS EDP Monrobot XI Input.Output Photoelectric Reader INPUT· OUTPUT: PHOTOELECTRIC READER .12 §077. .1 GENERAL . 11 Identity:....... Photoelectric Reader. . 12 Description The Photoelectric Reader is a Monroe development, announced in September, 1962. It reads 8-track or 5-track punched tape, and all programming considerations are the same as for the mechanical reader described in Section :071. Peak speed is 300 char- © Description (Contd.) acters per second, but the maximum rate at which the Monrobot XI can accept data from the reader is 40 to 50 characters per second. The reader can be mounted in a drawer of the standard Monrobot cabinet modules. Tape threading is semi-automatic and rapid. Eight lights on the front panel provide a display of the next code pattern that will be read. Detailed technical specifications are not yet available. 1962 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated 10/62 531 :081.100 • II STANDARD EDP Monrobot XI Input-Output Typewriter REPDRTS INPUT-OUTPUT: TYPEWRITER §081. .1 GENERAL • 11 Identity: • . 12 Description Input-Output Typewriter. Output Typewriter. .2 PHYSICAL FORM .21 Drive Mechanism .211 Drive past the head: .212 Reservoirs: .22 These are single-case IBM Model B electric typewriters with modifications and control circuitry by Soroban Engineering, Inc. The two models are mechanically the same, but the Output Typewriter is usable only for printed output at a maximum speed of ten characters per second; the Input-Output Typewriter can be used for keyboard input as well. One Input-Output Typewriter is included in the basic Monrobot XI system; it is usually connected to inputoutput channel 1 and placed on the knee-hole inputoutput desk. An additional typewriter will be useful in many commercial applications where two different types of printed records must be produced; e.g., payroll checks and ledgers. • Sensing and Recording Systems • 221 Recording system: .222 SenSing system: .223 Common system: . 23 platen friction (Pinfeed Platen is optional). none • engraved hammers • typewriter keyboard. no. Multiple Copies .231 Maximum number: • 233 Types of master Multilith: . Xerox: Spirit: depends on stationery; approximately 6. yes. yes. yes. In the normal mode of operation, each input or out- put instruction causes one 8- bit character to be .24 transferred from or to the typewriter. When the console RESET switch is depressed, automatic operation is halted and only four, bits enter the accumu1ator each time a key is depressed. Only the hexadecimal characters 0 through 9 and S through X may be entered in the reset mode;. it is used primarily for loading "bootstrap" routines and in console debugging. Optional Features 20-inch Carriage: Replaces the standard 16-inch .25 carriage and permits typing on forms up to 19 inches. wide. Pinfeed Platen: Provides positive feeding and alignment of forms; available for 16- or 20-inch carriage. Form Aligner: Tractor feed mechanism for continuous forms. Form Stand: Holds feed and take-up form stacks, each up to seven inches high. Arrangement of Heads Use of station: Stacks: Heads/ Stack: Method of use: printing. 1. 1 print station. 1 character at a time. Use of station: Stacks: Heads/stack: . Method of use: keyboard input. Range of Symbols Numerals: Letters: • Special: Alternatives: • FORTRAN set: Basic COBOL set: • Total: • •3 EXTERNAL STORAGE .31 Form of Storage .311 Medium: .13 1. 48 keys. 1 character at a time. Availability:. • • • • 3 to 6 months. 10 26 8 none. no. no. 44 and 0-9. A-Z. ,./;-'*$ blank . continuous fanfold stationery or individual sheets • • 312 Phenomenon Input: • 14 First Delivery: ••• December, 1960. © Output: •• 1962 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated key depression • printing. 10/62 531:081.320 § MONROBOT XI 081. .32 Positional Arrangement . 321 Serial by: character at 10 per inch. .324 Track use: . 140 print positions for data (180 with optional 20-inch carriage). .325 Row use: all for data; 6 rows per inch .33 engraved character font (internal coding as in Data Code Table No.1). Coding: .34 Format Compatibility: .35 Physical Dimensions .351 Overall width: • .352 Length: CONTROLLER .41 Identity:. . 42 Connection to System .51 Blocks continuously variable to maximum of 15 inches (19 inches with optional car,riage). Output:. • .52 3 buffers (2 standard, 1 optional). .522 Output: .524 Skipping: .53 Code Translation: .54 Format Control Input: Output: .55 Data Transfer Control .444 Input-output area lockout: .445 Table control: •446 Synchronization: .447 Synchronizing aids: 10/62 accept 1 manually typed character and load it into low order 8 bit positions of accumulator; set all other positions to 0, except set sign bit to 1 if input character has even parity. type 1 character as defined by low order 8 bits of Fast Access Register 5 or of the output instruction itself • return carriage and step 1, 2, or 3 lines. "tab" to next preset tab position . none • none. .521 Input: • • • by program; Data Code Table No. 1 shows the internal code corresponding to each typewriter character. . Associated equipment none • .431 Devices per controller: 1. •432 Restrictions:. • maximum of 1 input and 1 output device (or 1 inputoutput device) per buffer. • 443 Input-output area access: Input-Output Operations • 525 Marking: .526 Searching: Connection to Device .442 Input-output areas Input: Output:. • as programmed; any character can be used as a delimiter, or a fixed number of characters can be typed. . " as programmed. none. Input-Output Buffer (housed in Computer cabinet). .422 Off-line Use Manual typing: • •441 Size of load: • variable . .511 Size of block: • • 512 Block demarcation Input: • .523 Stepping: .421 On-line: .44 PROGRAM FACILITIES AVAILABLE no limit. .4 . 43 .5 •• manual. by program. • Control Operations Disable: • • Request interrupt: Select format: Select code: • • • 1 character of 8 bits (~ bits for input in reset mode). . 56 accumulator. Fast Access Register 5, or low-order 8 bits of output instruction. no. no . no. no • Testable Conditions Disabled: Busy device:.. Nearly exhausted: Busy controller:. End of medium marks: no. no; lockout. no. no . no. fully accessible to program. processor waits on lockout until the input or output operation can be initiated. none • by program for successive characters. see .444. .6 PERFORMANCE .61 Conditions: .62 Speeds • .621 Nominal or peak speed InpUt: Output:. • ; none. manual typing speed. 10 char/sec • INPUT-OUTPUT: TYPEWRITER § 531 :081.623 081. .623 Overhead: .624 Effective speeds Input: Output: • • • • .63 .73 maximum of 0.75 second for carriage return. .731 Volumes handled (using optional Form Stand) Storage Capacity Feed:. • • • •. 7-inch stack. manual typing speed. Take-up: . • •• 7-inch stack. depends upon number of .732 Replenishment time: 2 to 3 minutes; typewriter carriage returns and efneeds to be stopped. ficiency of output routines • • 733 Adjustment time: . • 3 to 4 minutes. Demands on System Component: m. sec. per char. : Percentage: Loading and Unloading .8 processor. 2.9* 2.9* *These are minimum demands, assuming device is not busy on output and has a character available on input; i. e., no processor lockouts. .7 EXTERNAL FACILITIES .71 Adjustments:. . • . • standard typewriter facilities. .72 Other Controls: none. © ERRORS, CHECKS AND ACTION Error Check or Interlock Recording: Reading: none. parity check Input area overflow: Output block size: Invalid cnde: Exhausted medium: Imperfect medium: Timing conflicts: Action set bit indicator in accumulator not possible. single char. only. none no character is printed. none. none. lockout. 1962 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated wait. 10/62 531:082.100 • II STANDARD Monrobot XI Input-Output Teletype Printer REPORTS ED P INPUT-OUTPUT: TELETYPE PRINTER §082. .24 .1 GENERAL .11 Identity: . 12 Description Teletype Send-Receive Printer. Model 28. The Teletype Model 28Send-Receive Printer can be used in place of or in addition to the Input-Output Typewriter for keyboard input and printer output at a peak speed of ten characters per second. The 5bit Teletype code is used for both input and output; no parity checking can be done. Keyboard input in the non-automatic reset mode is impossible with the Teletype Printer, so either a typewriter or a 16-Key Keyboard must be available for "bootstrap" operations and console debugging. Fanfold or roll stationery can be used, but the form width is limited to 8.5 inches. There is no horizol).tal movement of the platen. A typebox containing 64 type pallets is moved to bring the selected character into printing position, and a single print hammer drives the type pallet against the ribbon and paper. The primary advantages of the Teletype Printer over the standard Input-Output Typewriter are its higher reliability record and its code and keyboard compatibility with other communications equipment. These must be weighed against the Teletype unit's lower flexibility of operation and lack of parity checking. Availability: 3 to 6 months. . 14 First Delivery: . 1961 (with Monrobot XI) . .2 PHYSICAL FORM . 21 Drive Mechanism .211 Drive past the head:. . .212 Reservoirs: . . . . . . 22 platen friction. none. Sensing and Recording Systems .221 Recording system: .25 .222 SenSing system: .223 Common system: . 23 maximum not specified. Multiple Copies: © printing . 1. 1 print station. prints 1 character at a time. Use of station: Stacks: Heads/stack: . keyboard input . 1. 37 keys; 32 characters and 5 controls. 1 character at a time. Range of Symbols 10 0-9 26 A-Z 14 .,;:()?$&"'#/other special chars available. no. no. 50 and blank. Numerals: Letters: . . . Special: Alternatives: • FORTRAN set: Basic COBOL set: . Total: ..... .3 EXTERNAL STORAGE .31 Form of Storage continuous roll or fan-fold stationery . . 311 Medium: . .312 Phenomenon Input: Output: . key depression. printing. Positional Arrangement .321 Serial by: . 324 Track use:. . 325 Row use: . character . all for data. all for data. .33 Coding: engraved character font (internal coding as in Data Code Table No.2) . .34 Format Compatibility: . . . . . .35 64 engraved type pallets, actuated by a single printing hammer. keyboard. no. Use of station: Stacks: Heads/stack: . Method of use: Method of use: Because the Teletype Printer's control circuitry is modified for on -line use with the Monrobot XI, direct connection to a communications line is not recom.32 mended. .13 Arrangement of Heads . none . Physical Dimensions . 351 Overall width: .352 Length: .4 CONTROLLER .41 Identity: . 1962 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated 8.5 inches . 'l Input-Output Buffer (housed in Computer cabinet). 10/62 531:082.420 MONROBOT XI §082. .42 3 buffers (2 standard, 1 optional). · 422 Off -line Use: ..... Associated equipment: . . . . . .54 Format Control manual typing. Input: . Output: .55 .443 Input-output area access: . .444 Input- output area lockout: . 445 Table control: .446 Synchronization: .447 Synchronizing aids: 1 character of 5 bits . PROGRAH FACILITIES AVAILABLE .51 Blocks variable. as programmed; any character can be used as a delimiter, or a fixed number of characters can be entered. Output: . . . . . . . as programmed. 0 .6 PERFORMANCE .61 Conditions: .62 Speeds no. no; lockout. no. no. no. . . . .621 Nominal or peak speed Input: Output: . . . , .623 Overhead: ... . . 624 Effective speeds Input: Output: . . . . .63 Input-Output Operations 10/62 Testable Conditions •• .521 Input: . . . . . . . . accept 1 manually typed character and load it into low order 5 bit positions of accumulator. type 1 character as defined · 522 Output: by low order bits of Fast Access Register 5 or of the output instruction itself. feed 1 to °l lines, depending · 523 Stepping:. upon position of manually inserted stops. 0524 Skipping:. "tab" to next manually inserted tab stop. . 525 Marking: none. . 526 Searching: none. no. no. no. no. Disabled: Busy device: . . . Nearly exhausted: Busy controller: End of medium marks: . . . . fully accessible to program. .5 .511 Size of block: .512 Block demarcation Input: . . 056 accumulator. Fast Access Register 5, or low order bits of output instruction. processor waits on lockout until the input or output operation is initiated. none. by program for successive characters. see .444 Control Operations Disable: . . . . . Request interrupt: Select format: Select code: . Data Transfer Control • 441 Size bf load: .442 Input-output areas Input: Output: . manual. by program. none. Note: Because of circuit modifications, the use of this device for normal Teletype transmission via cables is not recommended. • 52 Code Translation:. . . by program; Data Code Table No. 2 shows the 5bit code for each character. Connection to System .421 On-line: .44 .53 manual typing speed. 10 char/sec. O. 20 second for carriage return . manual typing speed. depends upon number of carriage returns and efficiency of output routines. Demands on System Component: processor. M. sec per char.: 2.9.* 2.9 . Percentage: * .8 none • These are minimum demands, assuming device is not busy on output and has a character available . on input; i.e., no processor lockouts. ERRORS, CHECKS AND ACTION Error Check or Intcsrlock Action Recording: Reading: Input area overflow: Output block size: Invalid code: Exhausted medium: Imperfect medium: Timing conflicts none. none. not possible. single char. only. all codes valid. none • none • lockout wait. 531:101.100 II • STANDARD EDP Monrobot XI Input-Output 16-Key Keyboard R£l'QRTS INPUT-OUTPUT: 16 -KEY KEYBOARD § 101. .12 .1 GENERAL • 11 Identity: . .12 Description . . . • . 16-Key Keyboard. The 16-Key Keyboard is a compact unit that stands on top of the computer cabinet or input-output desk and permits manual entry of decimal or hexadecimal information. Each key depression sends one 4-bit code into the low order end of the accumulator. © Description (Contd.) Input may be in either the automatic mode (one character per input instruction) or the reset mode (automatic shift left of four bit positions before each character is entered). Eight hexadecimal characters fill a 32-bit word, and no code conversion is required. When the input is in the form of decimal numeric data, the usual decimal-to-binary radix conversion is required. Input of alphameric information via the 16-Key Keyboard is not practical. 1962 by Auerbach Carporation and BNA Incorporated 10/62 531: 102.100 Monrobot XI Input-Output Monroe-Card Processor INPUT-OUTPUT: MONROE-CARD PROCESSOR §102. .12 .1 GENERAL .11 Identity:.. . . . . . Monroe -Card Processor. . 12 Description Monroe-Cards, announced in September, 1962, are the same size as standard 80-column punch cards. One side has a magnetizable coating upon which 96 or 174 32-bit words can be recorded in Monrobot XI internal format. The 96-word card has 16 tracks and can be used in any reasonable environment; the 174-word card has 29 tracks and requires a humidity-controlled environment to insure dimensional stability. Each track is divided into 6 sectors, and each sector can hold one 32-bit word, recorded serially by bit. The cards can be handled manually without affecting the recorded information. Up to ten columns at each end of the Monroe-Card can be punched on standard 80-column punched-card equipment, but magnetically recorded information may be affected when the cards are passed through some punched-card machines. The Monroe-Card Processor is a compact, desk-top unit that connects to the Monrobot XI and reads and records upon Monroe-Cards. While a given card is in the Processor, it can be considered a random access store of 96 or 174 words' capacity. The input hopper can hold up to 250 cards, or they can be inserted singly. One card at a time is loaded into the Processor by a special instruction. Then reading and/or recording can be done in any or all of the 96 or 174 locations on the card, and the card can be ejected into either of two stackers under program control. Ejection of one card and loading of the next card takes 1. 5 seconds. © Description (Cont'd) When a card enters the processor, it is aligned at the "home" position. When a read or record instruction is received, the card moves forward to the appropriate sector; this takes from 56 to 336 milliseconds, during which time internal processing is inhibited. After a single word has been read or recorded, execution of the stored program can continue while the card moves back to the home position; this takes from 37 to 222 milliseconds. For error-detection purposes, 34 check bits are recorded along with each 32- bit information word, and an automatic comparison of the two patterns is made when the word is read. There is no automatic check on recording, so each recorded word should be read back and compared with the original word. Total recording time, therefore, is twice as great as reading time and will range from about 200 to 1100 milliseconds per word. One Monroe-Card Processor can be connected to a Monrobot XI system in addition to the full complement of three other input and three other output devices. No off-line equipment is available for transcribing data to or from Monroe-Cards, and the information recorded on them cannot be sensed by human operators. Therefore, their major function will be the storage of master file data that is updated from input data on punched tape, punched cards, or a keyboard. Monroe-Cards should be useful in semi-automated "random access" systems where the operator manually selects the appropriate master record card for each transaction. Up to I, 566 decimal digits or 1,044 alphameric characters can be stored on each card. 1962 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated 10/62 531: 111.100 • STANDARD EDP • Monrobot XI Simultaneous Operotions R[J'()RTS SIMULTANEOUS OPERATIONS § 111. .1 SPECIAL UNITS . 11 Identity: . . .12 Description .2 . . . . Input-Output Buffer . .3 Two Input-Output Buffers are supplied as part of the basic Monrobot XI system, and a third buffer is optional. One input device and one output device, or one combination input-output device, can be connected to each buffer. The Input-Output Buffers provide no actual buffer storage, but only the control circuitry for input-output operations. Each input or output instruction initiates the transfer of a single character code of up to eight bits from or to the addressed input or output device. Internal processing is delayed until a character is available from the addressed input device, or until the addressed output device is ready to accept the character to be punched or printed. Execution of an input or output instruction takes only 2.92 milliseconds (four sector times), after which the processor is available for other computation while the input or output device completes its character cycle. Theoretically, up to three input and three output devices could be operating simultaneously. In practice, however, most or all of the inter-character time is required to process the last character read or the next character to be written, and it is unusual for more than one input or output operation to occur at a time. Each output instruction can specify one, two, or all three output devices, so output information can be duplicated on devices that accept the same codes (e. g., the typewriter and paper tape punch). When an input instruction specifies two or three devices, a character will be accepted from the first input device that makes one available; if two devices are ready at the same time, their codes will be ORed together. The multiple input facility is useful when data may be entered from one of two or three different input devices (e.g., paper tape for routine transactions and keyboard for exceptions). © .4 CONFIGURATION CONDITIONS: •. none . CLASSES OF OPERATIONS Class Members A: input from Paper Tape Reader. input from Edge-Punched Card Reader. input from Typewriter. input from Teletype Printer. input from l6-Key Keyboard. • B: input from Card Reader. C: output on Paper Tape Punch. output on Edge- Punched Card Punch. output on Typewriter. output on Teletype Printer. D: output on Card Punch. P: internal processing. RULES a + b = at c + d = at b = at d = at p = at most most most most most 3. 3. 1. 1. 1. Note: The above rules represent the maximum theoretical simultaneity. In most applications. only one input- output operation at a time is practical. 1962 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated 10(62 531:121.101 • STANDARD _EDP .' § Monrobot XI Instruction List REPORTS INSTRUCTION LIST 121. INSTRUCTION OPERATION Mnemonic Command Address Hexadecimal Code Arithmetic (A)+(Y)~A S M Y Y Y Xyyy Wyyy Syyy D Y lyyy J JZ JM Y Y Y Y 3yyy 6yyy 7yyy 3(4+y)yy XT Y X(4+y)yy K S U4ss LD RD N N N N 80nn 88nn 90nn 98nn 8Unn 9Unn A IN L R LC RP N N (A) - (Y)~A (A) x (Y)~A & FAS; low-order 32 bits are in FAS and highorder 32 bits in A. DETRACT: Subtract (Y) from (A) until (Y) is less than (A); add 1 to (FAS) each time a subtraction is made. AND: Place a 1 bit in A wherever there is a 1 bit in the corresponding positions of both A and Y; otherwise place a 0 bit in A. Set A to all 1 bits if Intervention Switch S is set; otherwise set A to O. Multiply (A) by ION (N = 1 to 8). Divide (A) by ION. Shift (A) left N binary positions. Shift (A) right N binary positions. Shift (A & FAS) left N binary positions in circular fashion. Shift (A) right N binary positions, inserting 1 bits in vacated high order positions if original sign bit was a 1. No operation. Stop. S100 0000 N H Logic Jump unconditionally to Y. Jump to Y if (A) = O. Jump to Y if high order bit of (A) = 1. JUMP MARK: (IR)~FA2; (Y)~IR. Data Transfers (Y)~A (A)~Y XC Y Y Y Vyyy Tyyy Uyyy (A)~ C C 006 005 USOO SOOO U400 all ones--»-A CA T Y and (Y)~ A; Y must be 000, 001, 002, 003, 004, 005, or 006. O-;:.A O~FAS Input-Output: General D 2DOO OR D SD7X os DCC S(D+1)CC Read one character of up to 8 bits into low order positions of A from input device D. Set all other positions of A to 0, except set sign bit to 1 if input character has even parity. Send low order 8 bits of (FAS) to output device(s) D, then set FAS to O. Send low order 8 bits of this instruction (CC) to output device(s) D. Note: The input-output instructions cause automatic rearrangement between the external bit format 876P4321 and the internal format 8P764321, where P is the parity bit and 8 is the "end line" bit. Input-Output: Monroe-Cards 40MM 48MM 080B © Read contents of magnetic card register MM into FAS. Set A to 0 unless a parity error occurs. Transfer (FA 5) to magnetic card register MM. Eject card into stacker B and feed next card (B = 0 or 1). 1962 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA incorporated 10/62 531:121.102 § INSTRUC:rION LIST NOMENCLATURE 121. A: . D: . MONROBOT XI ., accumulator (Fast Access Register 6). address specifying anyone input device or anyone, two, or three output devices. FAn: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fast Access Register n (storage location DOn, where n = 0 through 6). IR: Instruction Register. N: . length of a shift operation in binary or decimal positions (N = 1 to 8). S: . address of one of 8 Intervention Switches. Y: . address of a drum storage location. yyy: . address of a drum storage location in hexadecimal form (000:::: yyy :::: 3XX). ( ): . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . contents of a register or storage location; e. g., (A) means contents of accumulator. \ 10/62 531:131.100 Monrobot XI Coding Specimen Machine Code CODING SPECIMEN: MACHINE CODE § 131. .1 CODING SHEET PAGE MONRO BOT MARK XI PROGRAM 110 1 1101 11 0 0 1 12 110 13 110 14 110 15 110 1 6 110 17 110 18 STEP 1 10 Is 110 IT 1 10 I u 110 Iv V~ 0 1 0 4 Load 1010 (decimal 10) in FA 6 Store 1010 in FA 4 A V 2 0 0 B T 0 T 0 B U 5 0 1 0 0 0 0 A T 0 0 3 Load 1 (decimal 11 in FA 6 Store 1 in FA 1 Write 1 in FA 1 as ];!ositive sign Clear FA 6 to zero Store zeros in FA 3 (store for conversion) B 3 1 0 6 Jump to input routine A V 0 B 8 0 Load conversiQIl into FA 6 Multiplv conversion bJL 10 Add input digit from FA 5 Store conversion --I2.1us input digit Read input digit from Device No. 1 Test for pari tr error' if parity error;ump tn A A X 0 0 3 0 1 0 5 8 T 0 0 3 A 2 2 0 0 B 7 3 it X A B T 0 W0 0 5 0 4 A 7 1 6 1 0 4 0 U Test fA 6 ne ga t h!:fl; j f nega ti lle, j limp to conllersj Oll-Test FA 6 for zero' if zero input ceases A W0 B 6 1 0 1 0 T Subtract 1 frOID in.tlliJ; digH Test FA 6 for zero' if zero A 3 ~ ~1 JumI2 to reset inQut routine, error code ente;red B 0 0 T 0 0 0 0 0 B 3 1 0 Fill instruction Store 0 in FA 0 as minus sign Jump to input routine for next digit A V I-(L Q ~ t- B 6 1 A A B , '- Ix NOTES T 0 110lw .-- - A I CONTENTS B B ( DATE A B 1 10 19 I SHEET PROGRAMMER DECIMAL 'ro BINARY CONVERSION REGISTER PROGRAM A (3 0 IV Y-- I~ 0 I L 3 0 0 2 minus sign entered Load FA 6 wi.:t.LsiglL-I:agis.t.e.r... Test FA 6 for zero' i f zero number~ve Load FA 6 with cO!lvert~d number Jump to exit to next program step w ~ ~- 3 _.Qom];!lement converted number as negative 3 Jump to exit to next program stell p_ O 3XX ingu:!; digit in fA 5 ·as tflmpQ:ca:c~ stnrage..-_. Subtract 1010 from in~ut di!1'it ~_tore 2 - - -_.. ...- II Reprinted from MonrobotXI Programming Manual, p. 89, @. 1962 by Auerbach Corporation and ilNA Incorporated 10/62 531:131.200 § MONROBOT XI 131. .2 COMMENTS This routine accepts and binarizes input from a 16-Key Keyboard. Keys 0 (code 0000) through 9 (code 1001) are the allowable digit values. Key S (code 1010) causes input to cease. Key T (code 1011) is a minus sign. The other four keys (U. V. W. X) give error indications which erase all previously entered digits. 10/62 531: 131.1 00 • STANDARD EDP • Monrobot XI Coding Specimen Machine Code REPORTS CODING SPECIMEN: MACHINE CODE § 131, •1 CODING SHEET PAGE MONROBOT MARK XI PROGRAM 110 10 1101 1 11 0 12 STEP CONTENTS A V~ 0 1 B T 0 o4 A V 2 0 0 B 110 14 110 15 110 16 110 17 110 10 1 10 19 T 0 T 0 U 5 0 0 0 0 lois 1 10 I T Iu Load 1010 (decimal 1O) in FA 6 Store 1010 in FA 4 A T 0 0 3 3 1 0 6 Jump to input routine A V 0 0 3 B 8 0 0 1 0 1 A X 0 0 5 Load conversion into li'A fi Multiply conversion by 10 Add input digit from FA 5 R T 0 0 3 Store conversion plus input digit A 2 2 0 0 B 7 3 it X Read input digit from Device NQ. 1 Test for parity error' if pari tv error _iumoto 3XX A T 0 0 5 B W 0 0 4 A 7 1 0 4 B 6 1 0 U A W0 0 1 6 1 3 0 T B o o0 A T 0 3 1 A B 1 10 NOTES B A B 1 DATE Load 1 (decimal 1) in FA 6 Store 1 in FA 1 Write 1 in FA 1 as positive silrn Clear FA 6 to zero Store zeros in FA 3 ~store for conversiQlll B 11 0 13 I SHE E T PROGRAMMER DECIMAL 'fO BINARY CONVERSION REGISTER PROGRAM A - Store in2ut digit in FA (2 ·a::; tempo~a~)!: stora gB--_. Subtract 1010 from iI!Qut dilli t Test FA g nega ij ]lej j f nega t j lle • .:i limp to conlle~sj OllTest FA 6 for zero' i f zero input ceases Subtract 1 from in.tmJ; digit 'I'est FA 6 for zero' if zero rL ~ 1 0 Jum~ minus si-.Kn entered to reset in2ut routine, error code entex.~_ Fill instruction Store 0 in FA o as minus sign 0 6 Jump to input routine for next digit 0 0 V rQ... t-Q {L Lo.ad Test Load Jump FA 6 wi:tLfii gn..-r:egi.s:tal::.- FA 6 for zero' if zero number nerrative FA 6 with converted number to exit to next program step B Iv 6 1 A V B 3 0 110lw A W~ r--0 3 . _Complement cOI!yerted number as ne.zp,tive _________ B 3 ~ 110 1 1x A 0 IV L -o 13 0 2 0 Jump to exit to next prOgrAm sten 2 - -- Il Reprinted from Monrobot_XI Programming Manual, p. 89. @. 1962 by Auerbach Corporation and !INA Incorporated 10/62 531:131.200 § MONROBOT XI 131. .2 COMMENTS This routine accepts and binarizes input from a 16-Key Keyboard. Keys 0 (code 0000) through 9 (code 1001) are the allowable digit values. Key S (code 1010) causes input to cease. Key T (code 1011) is a minus sign. The other four keys (U, V, W, X) give error indications which erase all previously entered digits. 10/62 531: 132.100 • STANDARD II REPORTS EDP Monrobot XI Coding Specimen Symbolic CODING SPECIMEN: SYMBOLIC ASSEMBLY PROGRAM § 132. .1 CODING SHEET iJ;QilliJ.:crrol'lli cr NAMF: I PROGRAM Example NAME ----L- P IR IT, _C IA ~ 0,1 10 1 1 I I iLL- ~!Ol I 1 , I I I Use s;!.l12h aLnum ou t 12U t iLL- I I 1 I I I Routine I I t ~- - , I I ---L- I I I I I --l- I I 1 --l- I 1 , ,I 1 ,,, I I --l- . I I --l- I I I I --l- ,, I I I -L I -Ll......!.- ----L- ;;;fij ~ I I I I I I_-L- - L I --L. t I i --4- OPERAND l.,FITIOITIAILI I 01 2 11 10 I ° , I I 1 ~ 0,0 1 1 1 I I I ~ 317 16 12 1 I I I 1 1 I ~ 01 2 to 18 , I I I I I I 1 1 1 I I 1 I I I 1 ,, I I I I I 1 , I -L I I I I I I -1-__ I I t t I 1 I I I I I I I I I 1 1 >--J fn:-L 1 I 1 ~ , .J~ ----1_. I I I I 1 I I -L- I I I I t I-LL-L.L.- 1 I 1 -L- I I I I I ._--L. I I I I _---L- 1 I --L-L_I __ L._ 1 I I I ---1-_ I I I I , --I-- I I I I 1 I I I -'--I -I I 1 I I 1 1 I I I 1 I I I --L. -L--L-I- ----1--. I I I 1 I I I 1 _---.L ---L- ----L I I I I I I I I I 1 I- f--LL..L _..L- ~I- ---L- 1 1 1 I I 1 LJ..-----L- 1 I t I 1 I 1 -L_ I I --I- I I 1 _--1-- I I I- f-L.LL- - L - I 1 1 .--L- 1 1 1 1 I --1-. I -I-+-· 1 r-- i---L_LL f-- f---L.J--L-.- 1 I I---L- L_. _---1- LL-.L_LL __ --L. - , I 1 I , _-L-I! 1 I 1-1-_ , I 1 I I L-L-L_ I I I t 1 I --LL I 1 I I I 1 I 1 , I 1 I 1 I I I I .1-. --I _ I I I I 1 1 I-L_.' ~ ...-._--. ----------_. - , , I I - 1 , -L I Routine -- --l- _ 1 I I Use numeric out12ut I I 1 I I I f-- i-_LL-L- For out2ut -- I I I FA 0 1 I I 1 1 I Place 107 in , , -L- I 4 Place 8 channel Codes for total in Reg. 010 I 1 1 1 , 26 COMMENTS QJlL L,Dll,OIO,OIOIOIO,OI_ 1 1 I I I opm I , I I I PAGE QNI.Y_ INCI( 1 I I I- MONROE XI SYMBOLIC ASSEMBLER PROGRAM SHEET ,--- ---- .-.- ---. --"-' . --.-- ..-.- -_.-..._-.--.- CT-CORREC'l'ION TYPE (I,E,H) INCR-INCREMENT OPER-OPEHATION CODE Reprinted from_The Symbolic AssemblYPJ;ogram, p. 26. © 1962 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated 10/62 531: 132. 200 § MONROBOT XI 132 . .2 COMMENTS This example illustrates the use of alphameric and decimal literals and the Easy subroutines Read/Write/Store Alphameric and Write Numeric (cued by machine-code instructions) to print or punch "TOTAL" and "10000000" 10/62 531:141.100 • II STANDARD EDP Monrobot XI Data Code Table 8-Bit Code REPORTS DA iA CODE TABLE NO. 1 § 141. .1 .23 8-track punched tape, typewriter, and 6- bit internal code. USE OF CODE: .2 STRUCTURE OF CODE .21 Character Size: .22 ... LESS SIGNIFICANT PATTERN MORE SIGNIFICANT PATTERN 0 16 32 48 - * or / J A 2 S K B 3 3 T L C 2 zone bits; 32, 16. 4 4 U M D 4 numeric bits; 8, 4, 2, 1. 5 5 V N E 6 6 W 0 F 7 7 X P G 8 8 y Q H 9 9 Z R I 10 ; $ 1. c. 8 bits; 6 data, 1 odd parity, 1 end line (only the 6 data bits need be used internally). Character Structure .221 More significant pattern: • • . . .222 Less significant pattern: • . • . Character Codes 0 space 1 1 2 , 11 • or & % u.c. 12 . 13 14 b.s. tab 15 b. s.: . l.c.: . u.c.: • · backspace. · lower case. · upper case. ( \ © 1962 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated 10/62 531:142.100 • STANDARD EDP • Monrobot XI Data Code Table 5-8it Code REPORTS DATA CODE TABLE NO. 2 § .23 142. .1 .2 USE OF CODE: 5-track punched tape, Teletype printer, and 5- bit internal code. LESS SIGNIFICANT PATTERN STRUCTURE OF CODE .21 Character Size.. . .22 Character Structure .221 More significant pattern: . .222 Less significant pattern: . 5 bits. 2 bits; 16, 8. 3 bits; 4, 2, 1. Character Codes CI.l p::; ril 1-< 1-< ril ....l CI.l ril p::; D 9iI.. MORE SIGNIFICANT PATTERN a 8 16 24 a blank 1. f. E A 1 T L Z W 2 c.r. R D J 3 a G B figs. 4 space I S U 5 H P Y Q 6 N C F K 7 M V X ltrs. a blank 1.f. 3 - 1 5 ) " 2 2 c.r. 4 $ . 3 9 & ? figs. 4 space 8 bell 7 5 # a 6 6 , : . 1 ; / 7 c.r. : . figs.: • ltrs.: . 1.f. .. ( ltrs. .. carriage return. figures shift. letters shift. • line feed. I \ © 1962 by Auerbach Carporation and BNA Incorporated 10/62 531:143.100 Monrobot XI Data Code Table Card Code DATA CODE TABLE NO. 3 § 143. .23 .1 USE OF CODE: .2 STRUCTURE OF CODE .21 Character Size: . . . . 1 column. Character Codes punched cards. OVERPUNCH UNDERPUNCH None None 12 11 blank & - 0 12 11 0 0 1 1 A J / 2 2 B K S 3 3 C L T 4 4 D M U 5 5 E N V 6 6 F 0 W 7 7 G P X 8 8 H Q y 9 9 I R Z $ . * % 8-2 8-3 # 8-4 @ 0 8-5 8-6 8-7 © 1962 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated 10/62 531:151.100 • STANDARD EDP • Monrobot XI ""OR1S P. O. Facilities PROBLEM ORIENTED FACILITIES § Float and Unfloat: Handles conversions between fixed and floating point internal formats; requires 74 storage locations. 151. .1 UTILITY ROUTINES .11 Simulators of Other Computers: .12 .13 Simulation by Other Computers: Mathematical Routines: All of the following routines operate on single word-length, fixed point operands. . none. . none. Data Sorting and Merging: . none. .14 Report Writing: none. .15 Data Transcription: none. . 16 File Maintenance: none. .17 Scientific and Engineering Sine-Cosine: Tangent-Cotangent: Arcsine-Arccosine: Arctangent -Arccotangent: Log-Antilog: Square Root: Cube Root: 420 480 500 600 1,300 3,000 6,000 2,300 2,900 4,200 4,500 Storage locations 64 18 59 49 111 48 30 Matrix Inversion: Inverts matrices of orders 2 through 16 in Single precision floating point form . The Floating Point Arithmetic and Input-Output subroutines are used. Floating Point Arithmetic: Full facilities are provided for floating pOint arithmetic on single wordlength operands. Eight bits are used for the exponent and 24 for the fixed point part. One of the operancts.is always in the accumulator; the address of the other operand is specified in the one-word subroutine linkage. Storage required is 132 locations. Execution times are as follows. Addition: . . . Subtraction:. . Multiplication: Division: . . . Time, m.sec. Name m.sec. m.sec. m.sec. m.sec. Floating Point Square Root: Single precision, requires 35 storage locations and 3, 800 milliseconds. Floating Point Input-Output: Handles input, output, and radix conversions of floating point data items on specified input-output device(s); requires 109 storage .2 locations. © Least Squares Polynomial Approximation: Computes the coefficients' of a power series which best represents a set of X, Y co-ordinates, using the Matrix Inversion routine. Time required to fit a second order polynomial to five pairs of data values was 109 seconds. Chi-Square Test of Independence: Given a contingency table, this routine computes the expected frequencies from the observed frequencies, chi-square for each frequency, total chi-square, and the number of degrees of freedom. Time required for three classes and three variables was 37 seconds. Open Traverse Survey Program: Computes and prints azimuth error of closure, total distance, closure errors of X and Y co-ordinates, closure precision, and a table of station names, adjusted azimuths, distances, and co-ordinates. Up to 61 stations can be handled; total running time for 9 stations was 4 minutes (1. 7 minutes for calculations). PROBLEM ORIENTED LANGUAGES:. . . . 1962 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated none. 10/62 531:171.100 _STANDARD II EDP Monrobot XI M. O. Longuoge REPORTS Eosy MACHINE-ORIENTED LANGUAGE: EASY § 171. .22 .1 GENERAL . 11 Identity: . Easy Programming System. . 12 Origin: ". Monroe Calculating Machine Company, Inc. . 13 Reference: . Monroe publications MO97, MO-147. . 14 Description Legend drum storage address of the instruction or constant, in hexadecimal form. A or B, designating first or second simple instruction in a location, or first or second half of a compound instruction. instruction or constant . comments for coding sheet documentation. Register: Step: Contents: Notes: The Easy Programming System is a group of generalized subroutines that facilitate the coding of input-output, radix conversion, multiplication, division' and loop control operations. Because of the Monrobot Xl's half-word instruction structure, coding with the Easy system resembles coding in an interpretive language. Cueing of each Easy subroutine requires a single word; the first half contains a "jump mark" instruction that transfers .control to the subroutine, and the second half contains the parameters for the subroutine, in the form of up to four hexadecimal digits. The Easy subroutine cues are called "compound instructions," and are written as if the operands were in decimal form. The Monrobot XI machine operations are called" simple instructions." Routines using the Easy system consist of intermixed simple and compound instructions. The Easy system was designed to enable inexperienced programmers to use the Monrobot XI without having to learn binary arithmetic and write complex input-output routines. For this purpose, the system is quite useful, but it does not permit maximum utilization of the Monrobot Xl's capabilities. The generalized nature of the subroutines makes them less efficient than routines tailored for the job at hand, and the binary system must be understood to utilize the Monrobot' s logical and binary shifting facilities. Because Easy coding is basically machine language, the coder must learn and use the hexadecimal instruction address system and the nonmnemonic hexadecimal operation codes. The Easy subroutines are described in Paragraph . 6. They are normally stored in hexadecimal addresses 290 through 3VX - a total of 376 storage locations. Each of the subroutines is also available individually in relocatable format. Execution times for the Easy subroutines have not been made available. Wherever maximum operating speeds are important, the manufacturer recommends the use of hand-coded routines in place of the generalized subroutines. . 15 Publication Date: . . . July, 1960. .2 LANGUAGE FORMAT .21 Diagram: .23 Corrections: . .24 Special Conventions .241 Compound addresses: .242 Multi -addresses: .243 Literals: none. none. used only in shifting and input-output instructions. .244 Special coded addresses: .3 LABELS: .4 DATA Al Constants none. none; all operands are specified by their addresses in 3-digit hexadecimal form. All Maximum size constants Machine Form Integer Binary: Fixed numeric: Floating numeric: Alphameric: Coding Sheet Form 8 hexadecimal digits. none. none. 8 hexadecimal digits per word (2 per character) . 0412 Maximum size literals Machine Form Integer Binary: Fixed numeric: Floating numeric: Alphameric: . see coding sheet, Section :131. © no special facilities; generally handled by substitution or "patching." 1962 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated Coding Sheet Form 1 hexadecimal digit; used only to specify length of a shift or size of an inputoutput item . none. none. 2 hexadecimal digits per character (input-output only). 10/62 sal:.lXl:42Q § 17i~ todo~!,oM \!Illllugmd .U oM Wor~ Areas .42 implied bX use . implied t)j!tt~ .:3tJAU
non . '1-1>u1:rW[U:dJl~JOlrlT!OJ r_: . noil:)ln:l8lli 0 0 0 • 0 • :.lIlOIl • hn.f; glriJ}irl8 !Ii v:Irro bS8lJ . . "rwiJ~lJ,!:J1\fli JljqJl1~-:rJJqJ!i • • i~a8"Y'I£l:JR}I?.tnlf:vrI1f~s. .e~c. C?n:po~J\~:HWlJu'i·.1.s: . tlOn . . 52 .6 ~f~9.!b:~f(~2t,lAP:'llff~R-V~I~~B~~. :2JHHld •i.J..s 'lLGrf.:1.J¥.d h c f · } i . ? S 0 8 · ..·----- E. _£)(~1PrF: i!ih·~enfoJs~~~~ subroutines comprise the Easy g -lT0!ff~mml1t£ System and are cued by the .• r~Ibrrip6lill.&')iiistructions .. ; each is also available as an individual subroutine in relocatable format. ATAQ .61 Special Arithmetic 21n.s:JSIIO:) ----.~ Divide: ..---. U. divides cO)ltents of E4 1 . B:lIlB(ii'l!S't !,'2Ceg-~lJro!-gt~'furJ i)" . by c~ntelJ.1;S of B;c,S.qmulator; Ytdfle's~iffiHde"d or unrounded quo~~enf In FA 1 and accu~~~~ and remainder ill 1fi:~V\3,~ m:ro'ii Jssri2 gnlbo::> a1i:-gib Ismi:)sbEXsri 8 Multiply, Shift, airHOfl Round: . . . .' ~n<;n • 'I!;q a1igib I£f!Ii::Jsb£.X9ri 8 ,("1!;ll::>.fnsrb J::3q S:) b'IOW • : ~I":t~)fHUH b::)x.! t:~. · rriaftlpl1fliM s8~tP~tq of ac· 'Cumuiatarrg:f~t>ltents of FA 1 shiftsprQdu~t r~l!:ht 21 !i'l:gpYc'flil:fdrnotW~-flvOf ...:-11;' . m'Io'ii :l9Sri2 'l..'llibo::> '.' bS8JJ ;3i-gih ISlTli::J5br..xen 1 s 10 r!:tgnsI v:1bsq8 01 yIno sfu1f1iWIfl'{f)uaa mtffi: Place~1:8~1~op~i~lly) rounus {f 1~1i:S'i: '!ll~icant digit; 'p;r:odj1~t is in accumulatdf'l!ffiiI'FA I, 'aII'd may it~t~Seed 9 decimal digits in length. -:J lJCJ MUltiplf.IT;":lI. jlfq~lJO. • SHorr . SHan 1:sq 811-gID Ismbsb.sxsrl S; :luq1uo-1IJqrrl) "J5:t::>B'Isri:J · 62 hand:~~s roup~~~d shifto ing-lffpHYtMe'ducts not gic4IHe¥J.th1ii deci · mal tliirlts?l'15m . . . :~.t'I5m£rlqIA .8 MACRO ANO)~Et@Ol TABLES • 81 Macros: . TAlvU!O"I $)l\.UOVlAJ none. l~. rrob.?s2 ,j5sr!a -gnibo.? 9S8 .82 Special Function;s:rr:m . . none. bsl"lOqlo,nl AVIS Pseudos: • . • • IeI~ Ibl}J/PW&CM)J~~J"'d'SUA ~d \:,," r \:.il s. none. 531: 172.100 • STANDARD. II REPORTS ED P Monrobot XI M. O. Language Symbolic MACHINE-ORIENTED LANGUAGE: SYMBOLIC § 172. .1 GENERAL .11 Identity: .12 Origin: . . . . . . . . . G. Whitney and D. Dunlop, Western Electric Co., Inc., Princeton, N. J. Revised by Monroe Calculating Machine Co., Inc. .2 LANGUAGE FORMAT .21 Diagram: . .22 Legend . . . . • . . . Symbolic Assembly Program. . 13 Reference: . .14 Description CT* : . . Monroe publication MO-140 . The Symbolic Assembly Program for the Monrobot XI was designed and developed at Western Electric's Engineering Research Center (where it is called SYMBO). After certain revisions and additions by Monroe, the system was made available for general distribution. The system permits straightforward use of the computer's facilities, but offers few refinements. There are no provisions for macro-codes, relative addressing, allocation counter control, or program listings. An unusual feature is the provision of three special fields on the coding sheet that facilitate corrections to the source program. A correction tape can be pr~pared and merged automatically with the master source program tape at translation time, .23 or the corrections can be manually typed. Literals <;an be written in the operand field as groups of hexadecimal, decimal, Teletype, or 8channel characters. Each literal is converted to binary form and stored as a constant. When a specific literal appears in more than one source program instruction, it will be stored only once. Since all transfers of control are to the first instruction in a pair, each named instruction is placed in the first half of a word. A "no operation" instruction is placed in the second half of the prevfous word when necessary. Machine language instructions, in the form of four hexadecimal digits, can be interspersed with the symbolic instructions. Machine addresses may also be used with the mnemonic operation codes, which consist of one or two letters. Since the programmer cannot control the allocation counter nor reserve areas of storage, indiscriminate use of machine addresses can lead to conflicts in storage assignments. .15 Publication Date:. . . . August, 1961. © see coding sheet, Section :132. . 24 Correction Type: insert, eliminate, or replace a source statement. NAME*:. . • • • . . last named entry preceding point at which a correction is to be made. INCR*: . . . . . . . . Increment: number of statements between last named entry and entry to be corrected. NAME: . . . symbolic name for a location. OPERATION: . mnemonic operation code. OPERAND: . . 1) an actual storage address in hexadecimal -form; 2) a symbolic operand address; or 3) a literal in decimal, hexadecimal, Teletype, or 8-channel code. Note: * denotes columns used for corrections only. Corrections: . . . . . . special columns on coding sheet specify correction type (insert, eliminate, or replace) and name of and increment from last named entry preceding the statement to be corrected. Special Conventions .241 Compound addresses: .242 Multi-addresses: .243 Literals: . . . . . • 244 Special coded addresses: • 1962 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated not permitted; i. e., relative addressing is not possible. none. / in operand column, followed by D for decimal, H for hexadecimal, T for Teletype, or F for 8channel code • none. 10/62 531:172.300 § MONROBOT XI 172. .3 LABELS .31 General .311 Maximum number of labels: . . . . . . . . 232 names (limited by translator ). . 312 Common label formation rule: . . . . . . . yes. .313 Reserved labels:. . none. .314 Other restrictions: none. . 315 Designators: . . . . none. . 316 Synonyms permitted: no. . 32 PROCEDURES .51 Direct Operation Codes .511 Mnemonic , Existence: Number: ,. Example: . .512 Absolute Existence: Number: • Example: . Comment: Universal Labels .321 'Labels for procedures Existence: ... Formation rule First character: .323 . 324 . 325 . 326 Others: Number of characters: Labels for library routines: . Labels for constants: Labels for files: . . . Labels for records: . Labels for variables: .33 Local Labels: .4 . 41 . 322 .5 .... mafidatory if referenced by another statement. alphameric; may not be 0, 1, 2, or 3; must be numeric if name is 4 characters long. alphameric. .6 1 to 4. none . same as procedures. none. none . same as procedures. optional. 27. X = "add" . "generate" pseudo permits specification of absolute operation code and address as 4 hexadecimal digits. none in symbolic form; standard subroutines are in machine code format and are usually loaded separately at run time . .7 LmRARY FACILITIES: none. .52 Macro-Codes: none . DATA . 53 Interludes: . . none . Constants . 54 Translator Control none. .411 Maximum size constants Machine Form Coding Sheet Form Integer Binary: . . 9 decimal or 8 hexadecimal digits. Fixed numeric: • none. none. Floating numeric: 58-channel code or six .8 Alphameric: .. . Teletype code characters. ,.81 . 412 Maximum size literals: same as constants. .42 SPECIAL ROUTINES AVAILABLE: . . . . optional; required when address is symbolic. 25. A = "add" . Allocation counter: Label adjustment: Annotation:. . . . . none. none. none. MACRO AND PSEUDO TABLES Macros: . . • . . . . . none • Working Areas .82 .421 Data layout: • . 422 Data type: .• .423 Redefinition:. implied by use . implied. none. Pseudos Code G (Generate): . .43 Input- Output Areas Input: •. Output: . accumulator. Fast Access Register 5 or the output instruction itself. Note: As in machine coding, each input or output instruction initiates the transfer of a single character. 10/62 Description permits use of machine language instructions in a symbolic program. I (Insert): . . permits insertion of new instruction(s) between two old ones. E (Eliminate): permits deletion of instruction(s) from source program. R (Replace):, . . . . . permits substitution of new instructions for old ones. 531:181.100 .STANOARD II EDP Monrobot XI Program Translator Symbolic REPORTS PROGRAM TRANSLATOR: SYMBOLIC § 181. · 23 .1 GENERAL • 11 Identity: . · 12 Size Limitations · 231 Maximum number of source statements:. Symbolic Assembly Program. · 232 Maximum size of source statements: . Description limited by target computer storage. 1 coding sheet line of up to 24 characters. · 233 Maximum number of This program translates routines written in the data items: . . . . . see next entry. Monrobot XI Symbolic Assembly language (described .234 Others in Section :172) into machine language form. The Maximum number of labels: . . . . . . . 232. translation can be performed on the basic Monrobot Maximum number of XI system (computer, typewriter, paper tape reader and punch). All facilities of the target system can different constants:. 83. be utilized. Source program input and object program output are on 8-track punched tape. The only .3 OUTPUT typed documentation is a table of labels and constants .31 Object Program and the machine addresses assigned to them. . 13 . 14 .15 .311 Language name: Two tape passes are required in the translation Monrobot XI machine code • "normal parameterized process. Phase I forms the label table and generates. . 312 Language style: the required constants. Phase II assigns machine binary format": tape is operation codes and addresses to all symbolic inheaded by initial and final loading addresses; each structions and punches the object program tape. No word (2 instructions or a attempt is made to reduce rotational delays by opticonstant) is represented mizing operand locations. The maximum number of by 8 hexadecimal digits labels that can be processed is 232, and up to 83 and followed by a carriage different constants can be generated. Error checkreturn code . ing"is limited to parity checking of the input and no. 313 Output media: . . • . . punched tape {or punched tation of duplicate names in the typed label table. cards with special I/O routines) . Originator: . G. Whitney and D. Dunlop, · 32 Conventions Western Electric Co. , Inc., Princeton, N. J. .321 Standard inclusions: • none. Revised by Monroe Calcu.322 Compatible with:. . . program loading routines lating Machine Co., Inc. and Program Relocation System . Maintainer: . . . . . . Monroe Calculating Machine Co., Inc. · 33 Documentation Availability: August, 1961. Subject Provision •2 INPUT · 21 Language · 211 Name: . . .212 Exemptions: .22 Symbolic Assembly language; see :172. none. Form .221 Input media: .222 Obligatory ordering:. · 223 Obligatory grouping: . punched tape (or punched cards with special I/O routines). in coding sheet line sequence. none. © Source program: . Object program: . Label table: • . . Restart point list: Language errors: none . none. typewriter listing. none. none. .4 TRANSLATING PROCEDURE .41 Phases and Passes Phase I (first tape pass): . . . . . . Phase II (second tape pass): . . . . . . . . 1962 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated forms symbol table and generates constants. assigns machine addresses and punches object program tape. 10/62 MONROBOT XI 531:181.420 § 18!. .42 0Etional Modes .421 . 422 .423 . 424 Translate: Translate and run: . Check only: Patching: . . • . . .43 Special Features ... ... .431 Alter to check only: .432 Fast unoptimized . translate: . .433 Short translate on restricted program: .. . yes . no. no . yes. no. no • no. .44 Bulk Translating: yes; not necessary to reload translator. .45 ProgEam Diagnostics: none associated with translator. .46 Translator Library: .. none. .5 TRANSLATOR PERFORMANCE .51 Object Program SEace .53 Optimizing Data: . .54 Object ProgEam Performance: • O. ISS minutes, where S is number of source instructions (***). unaffected; i.e., same as unoptimized hand coding. COMPUTER CONFIGURATIONS .61 Translating ComEuter .611 Minimum configuration: basic Monrobot XI system, with typewriter, paper tape reader and punch. .612 Larger configuration 2 paper tape readers peradvantages: . . • . . mit automatic merging of source and correction tapes. .62 Target ComEuter .621 Minimum configuration: basic Monrobot XI system. .622 Usable extra facilities: all. .7 Translation Time .521 Normal translating: none . .6 .511 Fixed overhead: . . . • 25 locations for program loading routine. .512 Space required for each input-output file: . . . as coded. .513 Approximate expansion unity. of procedures: . .52 ... .8 ERRORS, CHECKS AND ACTION Error Check or Interlock Missing entries: Unsequenced entries: Duplicate names: none. none. check Improper format: Incomplete entries: Target computer overflow: Inconsistent program: Input error: none. none. none. none. parity cbeck ALTERNATIVE TRANSLATORS: . .. Action noted in label table typeout. halt processor. none. ) 10/62 531:191.100 .STANMRD EDP _ REPORTS Monrobot XI Operating Environment General OPERATING ENVIRONMENT: GENERAL § 191- .1 .11 .12 .13 Availability: . . . . .. all routines' described here are currently available . .14 Originator: . . . • . . . Monroe Calculating Machine Co., Inc. • 15 Maintainer: ·2 PROGRAM LOADING · 21 Source of Programs GENERAL Identity: . . . . . . . . Loading Routine for Program Tapes. Parameter Tape Output Program. Parameter Type Output Program. Parameter Ta pe/Type Output Program Program Relocation System. Description No integrated operating system is available for the Monrobot XI. The facilities covered in this section must be provided by individual utility routines such as those listed above, by the user's own coding, or by the operator at run time. Programs are normally coded in hexadecimal form. They may be converted to punched tape off-line (e. g., by a Flexowriter) and loaded by the Loading Routine for Program Tapes; or they may be typed directly into storage, tested, and punched out by the Parameter Tape Output Program. In either case, the program tapes will be in "normal parameterized binary format": the tape is headed by the initial and final loading addresses for the program, and each word is represented by 8 hexadecimal digits and followed by a carriage return code. Object program tapes produced by the Symbolic· Assembly Program translator have the same format. as above . • 211 Programs from on-line libraries: . . . . . . . none. · 212 Independent programs: punched tape, punched cards, typewriter, or 16-key keyboard. . 213 Data: . . . • . . . same as .212 • · 214 Master routines: . S-location "bootstrap" routine is keyed in from typewriter or 16-key keyboard; it loads the appropriate program loading routine from punched tape. · 22 Library Subroutines: same as . 212. · 23 Loading Sequence.: .. manually controlled. ·3 HARDWARE ALLOCATION .31 Storage · 311 Sequencing of program for movement between levels: . . . '.' . . . as coded. .312 Occupation of working storage: . . . . . . . Program Relocation System converts 8-track binary program tapes to a relocatable format (Phase I), The binary program tapes are non-relocatable. To and then to a relocated permit loading of programs into core storage locabinary format (Phase II); tions other than the ones for which they were written, see .12. the Program Relocation System is provided. This routine requires two tape passes. The first phase .32 Input-Output Units converts the original binary tape into a special format that designates those instructions whose ad. 321 Initial assignment: • fixed by coder • dresses are relocatable. The second phase converts . 322 Alternation: . . . . as coded . the "relocatable" tape back into a standard binary object tape that can be loaded into anyone specified .4 RUNNING SUPERVISION storage area. The "relocatable" tape can be used to produce any number of relocated object tapes for .41 Simultaneous Working:. as coded; see Section: 111. loading into different areas. not possible • . 42 Multi-pro8Eamming:. No standard program input or output routines using punched cards have been made available to date. • 43 Multi-sequencing: .. not possible . © 1962 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated 10/62 MONROBOT XI 531: 191.440 § 191. . 44 .6 OPERATOR CONTROL: as incorporated in user's program • .7 LOGGING: . . • . . . . as incorporated in user's program. .8 PERFORMANCE .81 System Requirements Errors, Checks, and Action Error Loading input error: Allocation impossible: In-out error: Storage overflow: Arithmetic overflow: Invalid operation: Improper format: Invalid· address: Check or Interlock parity check none. parity check none. hardware check none. none. all addresses valid. Action processor halt. set bit indicator. set bit indicator. .45 Restarts:. . . . . . . . as incorporated in user's program. .5 PROGRAM DIAGNOSTICS .811 Minimum configuration: all routines described here are usable on the basic Monrobot XI system. .812 Usable extra facilities: as incorporated in user's program. .813 Reserved storage locations Loading Routine for Program Tapes:. 25 locations. Manual Typewriter Input Program: .' 26 locations. Parameter Tape 31 locations. Output Program:. Parameter Type 35 locations. Output Program:. Parameter Tape/Type Output Program: 51 locations • . 82 .51 Dynamic .511 Tracing: .512 Snapshots: .. .52 Post Mortem: 10/62 System Overhead .821 Loading time: . . no routine available; manual .822 Reloading frequency: sequence checking is possible, using Halt switch . 83 Program Space and control register disAvailable: .. play. none. Parameter Output Programs print and/or punch (on tape) the contents of a specified series of stor.84 age locations in "normal parameterized binary format" (see. 12). approx. 2 minutes for program loading routine. can be maintained in working storage. 0.51 + D:S 992, where I is number of instructions and D is number of data items, when standard program loading routine is used. Program Loading Time: 0.5 (0.51 + D) seconds, using punched tape; i. e., 2 words/second (**). 531:201.001 • STANDaRD EDP • REPORTS Monrobot XI System Performance SYSTEM PERFORMANCE § 201. ·1 GENERALIZED FILE PROCESSING Among stored-program data processing systems, the Monrobot XI is near the bottom of the scale in both price and performance. To illustrate its performance on the Standard File Problems, the time scale on ·performance graphs. 114, .124, .134, and . 144 was shifted by a factor of 100. This should be kept in mind when making performance comparisons. In Standard Configuration IX, punched tape is the obvious choice as the input medium for both the master and detail files. Therefore, it was necessary to add a second Paper Tape Reader to the system shown in :031. 1, raising the monthly rental for Configuration IX to $945. In Standard Configuration I, which uses punched card input, it is assumed that the master and detail cards will be collated off-line, so only one Card Reader is required • .2 SORTING Magnetic tape cannot be used with the Monrobot XI system, and no sorting routines are available. ·3 MATRIX INVERSION The standard problem estimate and the manufacturer's standard routine use the Floating Point Arithmetic subroutines described in :151.17. No timing data has been made available for the standard Matrix Inversion routine • .4 GENERALIZED MATHEMATICAL PROCESSING The problem is coded in machine language, with operand addresses optimized and fast access registers used wherever practical. Specially-tailored subroutines are used for the radix conversions and input-output. All input is from punched tape and all results are printed on the Typewriter . .5 GENERALIZED STATISTICAL PROCESSING Fixed point machine coding is used, optimized where practical. Input is via the Paper Tape Reader. © 1962 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated 10/62 531:201.100 • STANDARD _EDP ." Monrobot XI System Performance REPORTS SYSTEM PERFORMANCE § 201. standard. using estimating procedure outlined in Users' Guide, 4:200.113. · 114 Graph: . • . . . . . . . see graph below. · 115 Storage space required 750 locations. Configuration I: . Configuration IX:. . • 750 locations. · 112 Computation:. • 113 Timing basis: .1 GENERALIZED FILE PROCESSING .11 Standard File Problem A Estimates . 111 Record sizes Master file: Detail file: . Report file: • 108 characters. 1 card. 1 line. 100,000 7 4 2 10,000 7 Time in Minutes to Process 10,000 4 Master File Records (Note shifted time scale) I - ~ 2 IX* ~ 1,000 7 4 2 100 7 4 2 10 0.0 0.1 0.33 1.0 Activity Factor Average Number of Detail Records Per Master Record * Extra Paper Tape Reader added to Standard Configuration IX, at a rental increase of $60 per month. © 1962 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated 10/62 531:201.120 § MONROBOT XI 201. .12 . 122 Computation:. .123 Timing basis: standard . using estimating procedur~ outlined in Users' Guide, 4:200.12 . . 124 Graph: . . . . . . . . . see graph below . Standard File Problem B Estimates . 121 Record sizes Master file: Detail file: . Report file: • 54 characters. 1 card. lUne. 100,000 7 4 2 10,000 7 Time in Minutes to 4 Process 10,000 Master File Records (Note shifted time scale) 2 1,000 ---v----~ I ~ IX* - 7 4 2 100 7 4 ; 2 10 " 0.0 0.1 O. 3 . Activity Factor Average Number of Detail Records Per Master Record * 10/62 Extra Paper Tape Reade'r added to Standard Configuration IX, at a rental increase of $60 per month. 1. o 531:201.130 SYSTEM PERFORMANCE § 201. . 13 standard. using estimating procedure outlined in Users' Guide, 4:200.13 . · 134 Graph: . . . . . . . . . see graph below. · 132 Computation:. • 133 Timing basis: Standard File Problem C Estimates • 131 Record sizes Master file: Detail file: . Report file: . 216 characters. 1 .:ard. 1 line. 100,000 7 4 2 10,000 I 7 Time in Minutes to Process 10, 000 Master File Records (Note shifted time scale) 4 - IX* 2 1,000 7 4 2 100 7 4 2 10 0.0 0.1 0.33 1.0 Activity Factor Average Number of Detail Records Per Master Record * © Extra Paper Tape Reader added to Standard Configuration IX, at a rental increase of $60 per month. 1962 by Auerba~h Corporation and BNA Incorporated 10/62 531 :201.140 § MONROBOT XI 201. .14 . 142 Computation:. .143 Timing basis: trebled. using estimating procedure outlined in Users' Guide, 4:200.14 . .144 Graph: . . . . . . . . . see graph below. Standard File Problem D Estimates . 141 Record sizes Master file: Detail file: . Report file: . 108 characters. 1 card. 1 line. 100,000 7 4 2 10,000 Time in Minutes to Process 10,000 Master File Records (Note shifted time scale) 4 I -------- IX* ~ 2 I""" -- .1,000 7 4 2 100 7 4 2 10 0.0 0.1 0.33 Activity Factor Average Number of Detail Records Per Master Record * 10/62 Extra Paper Tape Reader added to Standard Configuration IX, at a rental increase of $60 per month. 1.0 531:201.300 SYSTEM PERFORMANC.E § .312 Timing basis: • . . . . using estimating procedure outlined in Users' Guide, 4:200.312 . .313 Graph: . . • • . . . . . see graph below . 201. .3 MATRIX INVERSION . 31 Standard Problem Estimates ,.311 Basic parameters: . • . general, non- symmetric matrices,' using floating point to at least 8 decimal digits. 100.00 II 1 g I 1 ~ 10.00 1 ~ Time in Minutes for Complete Inversion V 1.00 I I If 0.10 0.01 1 10 100 1,000 Size of Matrix © 1962 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated 10/62 531 :~O1.400 § MONROBOT XI . 412 Computation:. • . • . . 5 fifth-order polynomials . 5 divisions. 1 square root • .413 Timing basis: . . . . . using estimating procedure outlined in Users' Guide, 4:200.413 . .414 Graph: • . . . . . • • • Configuration IX; paper tape input, typewriter output, fixed point machine coding. 201. .4 GENERALIZED MATHEMATICAL PROCESSING .41 Standard Mathematical Problem A Estimates . 411 Record sizes: • . . . . 10 signed numbers, avg. size 5 digits, max. size 8 digits. Configuration IX; Single Length (9 digit precision); Fixed Point. R =Number of Output Records per Input Record 1,000,000 . ~ J " / ~ 'P' 100,000 Time in Milliseconds per Input Record .... R:);. 1-'",,1- ~' ~,. ... ~~ , ~ ~ t"I ~ \. ~.~ ~., 10,000 1,000 100 0.1 1.0 10.0 C, Number of Computations per Input Record 10/62 100.0 SYSTEM § PERFO~MANCE 531:201.415 201. Configuration IX; paper tape input, typewriter output, floating point arithmetic using subroutines described in :151.17. .415 Graph: Configuration IX; Single Length (7 digit precision); Floating Point. R := Number of Output Records per Input Record 1,000,000 / '" i.Jj~~ A~ 100,000 " ~ ~L - ", R"'\."'- :::::T'G •\. ~ ~ G.G\. ,~ ~'" Time in Milliseconds per Input Record ~ 10,000 1,000 100 0.1 1.0 10.0 100.0 C, Number of Computations per Input Record © 1962 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated 10/62 531:201.500 § MONROBOT XI augment T elements in cross-tabulation tables. using estimating procedure .513 Timing basis: outlined in Users' Guide, 4:200.513 . . 514 Graph: . . . . . . . . • see below . 201. .512 Computation:. .5 GENERALIZED STATISTICAL PROCESSING .51 Standard Statistical Problem A Estimates . 511 Record size: . . . . • • thirty 2-digit integral numbers. 1,000,000 100,000 / Time in Milliseconds per Record V V V V 10,000 1/ ..7 ..... JIll" 1,000 100 1 10 100 T, Number of Augmented Elements Roman Numerals denote Standard Configurations 10/62 1,000 531 :211.101 Monrobot XI Physical Characteristics MONROBOT XI PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS © 1962 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated 10/62 531 :211.102 MONROBOT XI MONRO BOT XI PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS Unit Name Monrobot XI Computer Poper Tape Reader Paper Tape Punch Typewriter Teletype Printer 28X48X22 6X 11 X 13 8 X 11 X 10 llX20X17 39x23X37 375 ? ? ? 120 ID"ENTITY Model Number Height XWidth XDepth, in. Weight, lbs. PHYSICAL Maximum Cable Lengths to indicated units, feet Not specified Temperature, of. Storage Ranges Humidity, '7. Temperature, of. ATMOSPHERE Working Ranges Humidity, '7. Not specified Heat Dissipated, BTU/hr. Air Flow, cfm. Intemal Filters Nominal 115 Tolerance ±10 115 Voltage Nominal ELECTRICAL 10/62 60 Cycles Tolerance NOTES 60 Not- specified Phases and Lines l¢, 3-wire Load Power 850 watts Control Unit, 7 X 12 X 12 inches, stands on top. 65 watts Housed in upper Housed in lower drawer of desk or drawer of desk or cabinet. cabinet. 531:211.103 PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS MONROBOT XI PHYSICAL CHARACTE RISTICS-Contd. Cabinet (2 legs) Table (2 legs) Knee-hole Desk (2 legs) 7 X 15 X 10 28X26X22 28 X 26 X 22 28 X51 X22 ? ? ? ? Unit Name IBM Card Punch Punchad Card Coupler Model Number 024 and 026 24 and 26 Height XWidth XDepth, in. 39 x 32X29 225 max. IDENTITY Weight, Ibe. PHYSICAL Maximum Cable Lengths to indicated units, feet Temperature,oF. Storage Ranges Humidity, 'l'. Temperature, of. ATMOSPHERE Working Ranges Humidity, '7. Heat Dissipated, BTU/hr. Air Flow, elm. Internal FUters Nominal 115,208, or 230 Voltage Tolerance Nominal ELECTRICAL 60 Cycles Tolerance lCP, 3-wire Phases and Lines Load Power 320 watts Usually housed in Houses paper tape Provides work desk Or cabinet. reader and punch surface only. or card couplers. NOTES © 1962 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated Houses I/O units in basic system. 10/62 531:221.101 Monrobot XI Price Data PRICE DATA fi 221. IDENTITY OF UNIT CLASS No. Central Processor Name Monrobot XI - Basic System Includes the following units: Computer and control unit Input-Output Typewriter Paper Tape Reader Paper Tape Punch Knee-hole Desk 2 Input-Output Buffers Optional Features Oscilloscope View Box Input-Output Buffer Cabinet (2 legs) Table (2 legs) 2, 048-word Drum Note: For punched card inputoutput, 24 and 26 Couplers can be substituted for Paper Tape Reader and Punch on a one-for-one basis; 024 or 026 Card Punches must be ordered from IBM. InputOutput Paper Tape Reader (includes Cabinet) Paper Tape Punch (includes Cabinet) Paper Tape Reader and Punch, in single Cabinet Edge-Punched Card Reader Edge-Punched Card Punch Optional Features 5-8 Channel Switch Paper Tape Unwind Reel / ( 24 26 Coupler (for punchedcardinput) Coupler (for punchedcardojJ.tp4t) Input-Output Typewriter Output Typewriter Optional Features 20 -inch Carriage 20-inch Pinfeed Platen 16 -inch Pinfeed Platen Form Aligner (tracter feed) Form Stand (paper tray) Special keys (each) PRICES Monthly Rental $ Annual Maintenance Purchase $ $ 700.00 1,200.00 24,500.00 NA 20.00 12.50 NA 185.00 5.25 30.00 0 0 ? 105.00 600.00 400.00 60.00 5,250.00 60.00 82.50 1,650.00 33.00 55.00 1,100.00 81.00 70.00 43.00 125.00 97.50 70.00 2~500.00 5.00 NA 4.50 0 90.00 20.00 25.00 25.00 40.00 40.00 800.00 800.00 120.00 80.00 165.00 123.75 3,300.00 2,475.00 0 0 0 0 0 0 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 65.00 75.00 NA NA NA NA NA NA 1,950.00 1,400.00 Teletype Printer: In lieu of basic Typewriter As additional output unit 50.00 120.00 50.00 165.00 1,000.00 3,300.00 Monroe-Card Processor: 96 words/card 174 words/card 230.00 290.00 ? ? 6,500.00 8,500.00 © 1962 by Auerbach Corporation and BNA Incorporated 10/62 i' 531:221.102 MONROBOT XI PRICE OAT A-Contd. § 221. PRICES IDENTITY OF UNIT CLASS No. InputOutput Data Orig!nation Monthly Rental $ Annual Maintenance $ 16-Key Keyboard 12.50 20.00 400.00 Synchro-Monroe Punch Tape Adding Machine: One-register model Two-register model 88.00 98.00 110.00 120.00 1,950.00 2,175.00 Name Notes: NA in rental column means unit or feature is available for purchase only. Maintenance charges apply only to purchased equipment. Prices do not include Manufacturers' Excise Tax of 6 percent on purchase or 10 percent on rental. 10/62 Purchase $
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