NHTSA Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS) Analytical User’s Manual 1975 2016 FARS Users 822447

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DOT HS 812 447

October 2017

Fatality Analysis Reporting
System (FARS)
Analytical User’s Manual
1975-2016

FARS Analytical User’s Manual
1975 – 2016

U. S. Department of Transportation
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
National Center for Statistics and Analysis
Washington, D.C. 20590

Table of Contents
New in 2016 FARS ......................................................................................................... 2
Data Elements with Changes in Attributes ........................................................... 2
Summary of the SAS Naming Changes in 2016 .................................................. 4
Preface ........................................................................................................................... 5
FARS Operations ............................................................................................................ 6
FARS SAS Data Files ..................................................................................................... 7
FARS Data Element List ............................................................................................... 11
Data Element Definitions and Codes............................................................................. 23
Key Data Elements ............................................................................................ 24
The ACCIDENT Data File .................................................................................. 29
The VEHICLE Data File ..................................................................................... 87
The PERSON Data File ................................................................................... 239
The PARKWORK Data File ............................................................................. 284
The PBTYPE Data File .................................................................................... 411
The CEVENT Data File ................................................................................... 435
The VEVENT Data File .................................................................................... 442
The VSOE Data File ........................................................................................ 449
The DAMAGE Data File .................................................................................. 453
The DISTRACT Data File ................................................................................ 455
The DRIMPAIR Data File................................................................................. 457
The FACTOR Data File ................................................................................... 459
The MANEUVER Data File .............................................................................. 461
The VIOLATN Data File ................................................................................... 463
The VISION Data File ...................................................................................... 467
The NMCRASH Data File ................................................................................ 469
The NMIMPAIR Data File ................................................................................ 471
The NMPRIOR Data File ................................................................................. 473
The SAFETYEQ Data File ............................................................................... 475
The VINDECODE Data File ............................................................................. 477
Appendices ................................................................................................................. 478
Appendix A: PC23 Crash Type Diagram....................................................... 479
Appendix B: Rules for Derived Data Elements ............................................. 480
Appendix C: Auxiliary Data Files ................................................................... 487
Appendix D: Additional Data Element Information ........................................ 489
Appendix E: Changes in FARS Data Elements by SAS Data File and Year . 529
Appendix F: Summary of 2010 and 2011 FARS Changes ............................ 554
Appendix G: Changes to the FARS VIN Decoded Data Elements ................ 596
Appendix H: Pedestrian and Bicyclist Data:
Availability of 2014 and 2015 Data ........................................... 600

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Table of Contents • 1

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

New in 2016 FARS

New in 2016 FARS

Data Elements with Changes in Attributes
Below is a list of FARS data elements that have substantial changes for 2016. Changes are
denoted in bold typeface (bold/italics for additions, bold/strikethrough for deletions). More
detailed information on each data element can be found in the FARS/CRSS Coding and
Validation Manual. NHTSA publishes these manuals for each year of data collection and they
can be found at:
NCSA Publications- FARS/NASS GES/CRSS Manuals and Documentation

DATA
ELEMENT
#
C19

V4

DATA
ELEMENT
NAME
First Harmful
Event

Number of
Occupants

SAS TABLE.NAME
Accident.HARM_EV

COMMENTS

▪ Revised Attributes: 73 (Object That
Had Fallen Fell From Motor Vehicle
In-Transport) and 31 (Other Post,
Other Pole or Other Supports).
▪ New Attribute: 74 (Road Vehicle on
Rails).

Vehicle. NUMOCCS,
Parkwork.PNUMOCCS

▪ Revised Attribute Range: from 1-95 to
1-98 (Number of Occupants).

▪ Removed Attribute: 96 (Ninety-six or
more).
V15

Trailer Vehicle
Identification
Number

Old V31
New V32

Sequence of
Events

Old V32
New V33

Most Harmful
Event

PC7

Speed Limit

Vehicle.TRLR1VIN,
Vehicle.TRLR2VIN,
Vehicle.TRLR3VIN,
Parkwork.PTRLR1VIN,
Parkwork.PTRLR2VIN,
Parkwork.PTRLR3VIN
Cevent.SOE,
Vevent.SOE,
Vsoe.SOE

Vehicle.M_HARM,
Parkwork.PM_HARM

Vehicle. VSPD_LIM

▪ New element

▪ Revised Attributes: 73 (Object That
Had Fallen Fell From Motor Vehicle
In-Transport) and 31 (Other Post,
Other Pole or Other Supports).
▪ New Attribute: 74 (Road Vehicle on
Rails).

▪ Revised Attributes: 73 (Object That
Had Fallen Fell From Motor Vehicle
In-Transport) and 31 (Other Post,
Other Pole or Other Supports).
▪ New Attribute: 74 (Road Vehicle on
Rails).

▪ Revised Attribute Range: from 5-80 to
5-95 (Speed Limit (In 5 mph
Increments))

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

New in 2016 FARS • 2

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

DATA
ELEMENT
#
PC19

PC20

DATA
ELEMENT
NAME

New in 2016 FARS

SAS TABLE.NAME

Critical Event Precrash
(Events)

Vehicle.P_CRASH2

Attempted
Avoidance
Maneuver

Vehicle.P_CRASH3

COMMENTS

▪ Revised Attribute: 64 (From Parking
Lane/Shoulder, Median/Crossover,
Shoulder, Roadside).

▪ Deleted Attributes: 02 (Braking [No
Lockup]), 03 (Braking [Lockup]), 04
(Braking [Lockup Unknown]).
▪ Added Attributes: 15 (Braking and
Unknown Steering Direction) and 16
(Braking).
▪ Revised Attribute: 99 (Unknown/Not
Reported).

P8/
NM8

Injury Severity

Person.INJ_SEV

P20/
NM19

Method of Drug
Determination
by Police

Person. DRUG_DET

P26/
NM25

Related FactorsPerson Level

Person.P_SF1,
Person.P_SF2,
Person.P_SF3

NM9PB36

Pedestrian/Bike
Typing Intersection Leg

Pbtype.PEDLEG

▪ Revised Attribute: 9 (Unknown/Not
Reported).

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

▪ Revised Attribute: 2 (Drug Recognition
Expert/Evaluator (DRE) Technician
(DRT) determination).

▪ Added Attribute: 92 (Non-Motorist
Wearing Motorcycle Helmet)

▪ Revised Attribute: 9 (Unknown/None
of the Above).

New in 2016 FARS • 3

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

New in 2016 FARS

Summary of the SAS Naming Changes in 2016
Locator
Code

V15

2015
SAS Name

New 2016
SAS Name

N/A

Vehicle.TRLR1VIN,
Vehicle.TRLR2VIN,
Vehicle.TRLR3VIN,
Parkwork.PTRLR1VIN,
Parkwork.PTRLR2VIN,
Parkwork.PTRLR3VIN

Data Element Name

Trailer Vehicle Identification Number

None
The data elements in RED are new to 2016 FARS.
The data elements in BLUE are changed in 2016 FARS.

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

New in 2016 FARS • 4

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Preface

Preface
One of the primary objectives of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) is
to reduce the staggering human toll and property damage that motor vehicle traffic crashes
impose on our society. Crashes each year result in thousands of lives lost, hundreds of
thousands of injured victims, and billions of dollars in property damage. Accurate data are
required to support the development, implementation, and assessment of highway safety
programs aimed at reducing this toll. NHTSA uses data from many sources, including the
Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS) which began operation in 1975. Providing data
about fatal crashes involving all types of vehicles, the FARS is used to identify highway safety
problem areas, provide a basis for regulatory and consumer information initiatives, and form the
basis for cost and benefit analyses of highway safety initiatives.
FARS is a census of fatal motor vehicle crashes with a set of data files documenting all
qualifying fatalities that occurred within the 50 States, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico
since 1975. To qualify as a FARS case, the crash had to involve a motor vehicle traveling on a
trafficway customarily open to the public, and must have resulted in the death of a motorist or a
non-motorist within 30 days of the crash.
This multi-year analytical user’s manual provides documentation on the historical coding
practices of the Fatality Analysis Reporting System from 1975 to 2016. In other words, this
manual presents the evolution of FARS coding from inception through present. The manual
includes the data elements that are contained in FARS and other useful information that will
enable the users to become familiar with the data system. The FARS/NASS GES and
FARS/CRSS Coding and Validation Manuals provide more detailed definitions for each data
element and attribute for a given year. Years 2001 to current are available at:
NCSA Publications- FARS/NASS GES/CRSS Manuals and Documentation.
The compilation of FARS data for more than four decades has been a priority for NHTSA.
These data store valuable information that have been preserved over time and are available for
present and future use. This analytical user’s manual should help improve the usefulness and
accessibility of the FARS data. With the exception of personal notes, there is no reason to keep
older versions of this reference manual. All information in earlier editions has been retained in
this newer version.
Thank you for your interest in highway traffic safety.

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Preface • 5

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

FARS Operations

FARS Operations
The Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS), which became operational in 1975, contains
data on a census of fatal traffic crashes within the 50 States, the District of Columbia, and
Puerto Rico. To be included in FARS, a crash must involve a motor vehicle traveling on a
trafficway customarily open to the public, and must result in the death of an occupant of a
vehicle or a non-occupant within 30 days (720 hours) of the crash.
FARS is directed by the National Center for Statistics and Analysis (NCSA), which is a
component of NHTSA. NHTSA has a cooperative agreement with an agency in each State’s
government to provide information on all qualifying fatal crashes in the State. These agreements
are managed by NCSA's FARS Program staff. Trained State employees, called “FARS
Analysts,” are responsible for gathering, translating, and transmitting their State’s data to NCSA
in a standard format. The number of analysts varies by State.
FARS data are obtained from various States’ documents, such as:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•

Police Crash Reports
Death Certificates
State Vehicle Registration Files
Coroner/Medical Examiner Reports
State Driver Licensing Files
State Highway Department Data
Emergency Medical Service Reports
Vital Statistics and other State Records

From these documents, the analysts code more than 100 FARS data elements. The specific
data elements may be modified slightly each year to conform to changing user needs, vehicle
characteristics, and highway safety emphasis areas. The data collected within FARS do not
include any personal identifying information, such as names, addresses, or social security
numbers. Thus, any data kept in FARS data files and made available to the public fully conform
to the Privacy Act.
Each analyst interprets and codes data directly onto an electronic data file. The data are
automatically checked when entered for acceptable range values and for consistency, enabling
the analyst to make corrections immediately. Several programs continually monitor and improve
the completeness and accuracy of the data.
Each analyst uses a coding manual which provides a set of written instructions on how to
transfer the information from a police accident/crash report (PAR) to the FARS data. To
augment the coding manual, classes are held each year to train the coders, and a system wide
FARS meeting is held to reinforce uniform coding practices.
After the data file is created, quality checks are performed on the data. When these are
completed, the electronic data are made available to the public. The FARS data are also used
to respond to requests from the international and national highway safety communities, state
and local governments, the Congress, federal agencies, research organizations, industry, the
media, and private citizens. Annual FARS data files are available for 1975 through 2016.

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

FARS Operations • 6

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

FARS SAS Data Files

FARS SAS Data Files
FARS data are made available to the public in Statistical Analysis System (SAS) data files as
well as Database Files (DBF). Over the years, changes have been made to the type of data
collected and the way the data are presented in the data files. Some data files have been
discontinued and new ones have been created. For the current data collection year there are
20 data files.
This manual describes the 20 current data files as well as previously discontinued data files.
The 20 current data files are: Accident, Vehicle, Person, Parkwork, Pbtype, Cevent, Vevent,
Vsoe, Damage, Distract, Drimpair, Factor, Maneuver, Nmimpair, Nmprior, Nmcrash, Safetyeq,
Violatn, Vindecode, and Vision data files. Eleven of these data files contain one data element
each in which the analyst could code multiple responses: Damage, Distract, Drimpair, Factor,
Maneuver, Nmimpair, Nmprior, Nmcrash, Safetyeq, Violatn, and Vision. That is, the
FARS/CRSS Coding and Validation Manual instructs coders to “select all that apply” for these
data elements. Discontinued data files are included after the current data files. The Vehnit data
file was replaced by the Parkwork data file and its data element history can be found in the
Parkwork data file.
The data files are presented with their data elements in the Data Elements Definitions and
Codes section. For each of the data elements, a brief definition is provided along with any
additional information which could assist analyses. SAS names and values are also provided
for the data elements. Discontinued data elements are moved to the end of the data file.
The SAS data files and years of availability are:
•
•

•

•

•

Accident - (1975-current): This data file contains information about crash characteristics
and environmental conditions at the time of the crash. There is one record per crash.
Vehicle - (1975-current): This data file contains information describing the in-transport
motor vehicles and the drivers of in-transport motor vehicle who are involved in the
crash. There is one record per in-transport motor vehicle. Parked and working vehicle
information is in the Parkwork data file.
Person - (1975-current): This data file contains information describing all persons
involved in the crash including motorists (i.e., drivers and passengers of in-transport
motor vehicles) and non-motorists (e.g., pedestrians and pedalcyclists). It provides
information such as age, sex, vehicle occupant restraint use, and injury severity. There
is one record per person.
Parkwork - (2010-current): This data file contains information about parked and working
vehicles that were involved in FARS crashes. A parked vehicle is a motor vehicle which
is stopped off the roadway. A working vehicle is used to indicate that this is a motor
vehicle that was in the act of performing highway construction, maintenance or utility
work related to the trafficway when it became an involved in the crash. Data users are
strongly advised to consult the annual FARS/CRSS Coding and Validation Manuals for a
detailed description. There is one record per parked/working vehicle.
Pbtype – (2014-current): This data file contains information about crashes between
motor vehicles and pedestrians, people on personal conveyances and bicyclists. Data
from the crash are enter into the Pedestrian and Bicycle Crash Analysis Tool (PBCAT).
The output fields from PBCAT, including the pre-crash actions of the parties involved
(crash type), are included in this data set. There is one record for each pedestrian,
bicyclist or person on a personal conveyance.

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

FARS SAS Data Files • 7

FARS Analytical User’s Manual
•

•

•

•
•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

FARS SAS Data Files

Cevent – (2010-current): This data file contains information for all of the qualifying
events (i.e., both harmful and non-harmful involving in-transport motor vehicles) which
occurred in the crash. It details the chronological sequence of events resulting from an
unstabilized situation that constitutes a motor vehicle traffic crash. There is one record
per event. Included in each record is a description of the event or object contacted (e.g.,
ran off road-right, crossed center line, guardrail, parked motor vehicle), the vehicles
involved, and the vehicles’ area of impact.
Vevent – (2010-current): This data file contains the sequence of events for each intransport motor vehicle involved in the crash. This data file has the same data elements
as the Cevent data file. In addition, this data file has a data element that records the
sequential event number for each vehicle (VEVENTNUM). There is one record for each
event for each in-transport motor vehicle.
Vsoe – (2010-current): This data file contains the sequence of events for each intransport motor vehicle involved in the crash. This data file has a subset of the data
elements contained in the Vevent data file (It is a simplified Vevent data file). There is
one record for each event for each in-transport motor vehicle.
Damage - (2012-current): This data file contains information about all of the areas on
this vehicle that were damaged in the crash. There is one record per damaged area.
Distract - (2010-current): This data file contains information about driver distractions.
There is at least one record per in-transport motor vehicle. Each distraction is a separate
record.
Drimpair - (2010-current): This data file contains information about physical impairments
of drivers of motor vehicles. There is one record per impairment and there is at least one
record for each driver of an in-transport motor vehicle.
Factor - (2010-current): This data file contains information about vehicle circumstances
which may have contributed to the crash. There is at least one record per in-transport
motor vehicle. Each factor is a separate record.
Maneuver - (2010-current): This data file contains information about actions taken by
the driver to avoid something or someone in the road. There is at least one record per
in-transport motor vehicle. Each maneuver is a separate record.
Violatn - (2010-current): This data file contains information about violations which were
charged to drivers. There is at least one record per in-transport motor vehicle. Each
violation is a separate record.
Vision - (2010-current): This data file contains information about circumstances which
may have obscured the driver’s vision. There is at least one record per in-transport
motor vehicle. Each obstruction is a separate record.
Nmcrash - (2010-current): This data file contains information about any contributing
circumstances or improper actions of people who are not occupants of motor vehicles
(e.g., pedestrians and bicyclists) noted on the PAR. There is one record per action and
there is at least one record for each person who is not an occupant of a motor vehicle.
Nmimpair - (2010-current): This data file contains information about physical
impairments of people who are not occupants of motor vehicles. There is one record per
impairment and there is at least one record for each person who is not an occupant of a
motor vehicle.

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

FARS SAS Data Files • 8

FARS Analytical User’s Manual
•

•

•

•

FARS SAS Data Files

Nmprior - (2010-current): This data file contains information about the actions of people
who are not occupants of motor vehicles (e.g., pedestrians and bicyclists) at the time of
their involvement in the crash. There is one record per action and there is at least one
record for each person who is not an occupant of a motor vehicle.
Safetyeq - (2010-current): This data file contains information about safety equipment
used by people who are not occupants of motor vehicles. There is one record per
equipment item, and there is at least one record for each person who is not an occupant
of a motor vehicle.
Vindecode - (2013-current): This data file contains vehicle descriptors for all vehicles,
mainly passenger vehicles, trucks and motorcycles, based on the vehicle’s VIN which is
decoded using the VINtelligence program. There is one record per vehicle.
Discontinued Data Files
Vehnit - (2005-2009): This data file contains information about parked and working
vehicles that were involved in FARS crashes. Prior to the Vehnit creation, the vehicles
Not-In-Transport were not included in the FARS data. This data file had the same list of
data elements and SAS structure as the Vehicle data file where the UNITTYPE of the
vehicle is 2, 3, or 4. The vehicle data file will have the vehicles in-transport where the
UNITYPE of the vehicle is 1. Beginning in 2010, FARS discontinued the Vehnit data file
and introduced the Parkwork data file. There is one record per parked/working vehicle.
This data file was replaced in 2010 with the Parkwork data file. See the Parkwork data
file in the Data Element Definitions and Codes section for the element history of this data
file.

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

FARS SAS Data Files • 9

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

FARS SAS Data Files

FARS SAS Data Files • 10

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

FARS Data Element List

FARS Data Element List
The following lists all SAS data elements with their SAS data file locations.

DATA ELEMENT LIST
C1/V1/D1/PC1/
P1/NM1
C2/V2/D2/PC2/
P2/NM2
V3/D3/PC3/
P3/NM4
P4/NM3
C18
C18

C3
C3A
C4
C4A
C4B
C5
C5A
C6
C7
C8A
C8B
C8C
C8D
C9A
C9B
C10
C10
C11
C12A
C12B

State Number

STATE

24

Consecutive Number

ST_CASE

25

Vehicle Number
Person Number
Event Number
Vehicle Event Number

VEH_NO
PER_NO
EVENTNUM
VEVENTNUM

26
27
28
28

PEDS

30

PERNOTMVIT
VE_TOTAL
VE_FORMS
PVH_INVL

30
31
32
33

PERSONS

34

PERMVIT
COUNTY
CITY
MONTH
DAY
DAY_WEEK
YEAR
HOUR
MINUTE
TWAY_ID
TWAY_ID2
ROUTE
RUR_URB
FUNC_SYS

35
36
37
38
38
39
39
40
40
41
41
42
43
44

The ACCIDENT Data File 29
Number of Forms Submitted for Persons
Not in Motor Vehicles
Number of Persons Not in Motor Vehicles
in Transport (MVIT)
Number of Vehicle Forms Submitted- ALL
Number of Motor Vehicles in Transport (MVIT)
Number of Parked/Working Vehicles
Number of Forms Submitted for Persons
in Motor Vehicles
Number of Persons in Motor Vehicles
in Transport (MVIT)
County
City
Month of Crash
Day of Crash
Day of Week
Year of Crash
Hour of Crash
Minute of Crash
Trafficway Identifier
Trafficway Identifier
Route Signing
Land Use
Functional System

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

FARS Data Element List • 11

FARS Analytical User’s Manual
C13
C14
C15
C16
C17A
C17B
C19
C20
C21A
C21B
C22
C23
C24
C25
C26
C26
C26
C27
C28
C29A
C29B
C30A
C30B
C31A
C31B
C32
C32
C32
C100
C101

Ownership
National Highway System
Special Jurisdiction
Milepoint
Latitude
Longitude
First Harmful Event
Manner of Collision
Relation to Junction- Within Interchange Area
Relation to Junction- Specific Location
Type of Intersection
Relation to Trafficway
Work Zone
Light Condition
Atmospheric Conditions
Atmospheric Conditions
Atmospheric Conditions
School Bus Related
Rail Grade Crossing Identifier
Hour of Notification
Minute of Notification
Hour of Arrival at Scene
Minute of Arrival at Scene
Hour of EMS Arrival at Hospital
Minute of EMS Arrival at Hospital
Related Factors- Crash Level
Related Factors- Crash Level
Related Factors- Crash Level
Number of Drinking Drivers
Fatalities
Federal Highway (discontinued)
Hit and Run (discontinued)
Land Use (discontinued)
Roadway Alignment (discontinued)
Roadway Function Class (discontinued)
Roadway Profile (discontinued)
Roadway Surface Condition (discontinued)
Roadway Surface Type (discontinued)
Speed Limit (discontinued)
Total Lanes in Roadway (discontinued)
Traffic Control Device (discontinued)

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

FARS Data Element List
RD_OWNER
NHS
SP_JUR
MILEPT
LATITUDE
LONGITUD
HARM_EV
MAN_COLL
RELJCT1
RELJCT2
TYP_INT
REL_ROAD
WRK_ZONE
LGT_COND
WEATHER
WEATHER1
WEATHER2
SCH_BUS
RAIL
NOT_HOUR
NOT_MIN
ARR_HOUR
ARR_MIN
HOSP_HR
HOSP_MIN
CF1
CF2
CF3
DRUNK_DR
FATALS
FED_AID
HIT_RUN
LAND_USE
ALIGNMNT
ROAD_FNC
PROFILE
SUR_COND
PAVE_TYP
SP_LIMIT
NO_LANES
TRA_CONT

45
46
47
48
49
50
51
55
56
56
58
59
60
61
62
62
62
63
64
65
65
66
66
67
67
68
68
68
74
70
71
72
73
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82

FARS Data Element List • 12

FARS Analytical User’s Manual
Traffic Control Device Functioning
(discontinued)
Trafficway Description (discontinued)
Vehicles in Transport (discontinued)

V4
V5
V6
V7
V8
V9
V10
V11
V12
V13
V14
V15
V15
V15
V16
V17
V17A
V17B
V18
V19
V21
V21A/HM1
V21B/HM2
V21C/HM3
V21D/HM4
V21E/HM5
V22
V23
V24
V25
V26
V27
V28
V29A
V30
V31

The VEHICLE Data File
87
Number of Occupants
Unit Type
Hit and Run
Registration State
Registered Vehicle Owner
Vehicle Make
Vehicle Model
Body Type
Vehicle Model Year
Vehicle Identification Number (VIN)
Vehicle Trailing
Trailer Vehicle Identification Number
Trailer Vehicle Identification Number
Trailer Vehicle Identification Number
Jackknife
Motor Carrier Identification Number (MCID)
MCID Issuing Authority
MCID Identification Number
Gross Vehicle Weight Rating
Vehicle Configuration
Cargo Body Type
Hazardous Material Involvement
Hazardous Material Placard
Hazardous Material Identification Number
Hazardous Material Class Number
Release of Hazardous Material from the
Cargo Compartment
Bus Use
Special Use
Emergency Motor Vehicle Use
Travel Speed
Underride/Override
Rollover
Location of Rollover
Initial Contact Point
Extent of Damage
Vehicle Removal

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

FARS Data Element List

T_CONT_F
TRAF_FLO
VEHICLES

84
85
86

NUMOCCS
UNITTYPE
HIT_RUN
REG_STAT
OWNER
MAKE
MODEL
BODY_TYP
MOD_YEAR
VIN
TOW_VEH
TRLR1VIN
TRLR2VIN
TRLR3VIN
J_KNIFE
MCARR_ID
MCARR_I1
MCARR_I2
GVWR
V_CONFIG
CARGO_BT
HAZ_INV
HAZ_PLAC
HAZ_ID
HAZ_CNO

88
89
90
91
93
94
99
101
106
107
108
109
109
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
117
119
119
119
120

HAZ_REL
BUS_USE
SPEC_USE
EMER_USE
TRAV_SP
UNDERIDE
ROLLOVER
ROLINLOC
IMPACT1
DEFORMED
TOWED

120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130

FARS Data Element List • 13

FARS Analytical User’s Manual
V33
V34
V34
V35
V100
V101
V102
V103
V104
V105
V106
V107
V108
V109
V110
V111
V112
V150
V151
D4
D5
D6
D7A
D7B
D8
D9
D10
D11
D12
D13
D14
D15
D16
D17
D18
D19A
D19B
D20A
D20B
D22
D24

Most Harmful Event
Related Factors- Vehicle Level
Related Factors- Vehicle Level
Fire Occurrence
Make Model Combined
VIN Character 1
VIN Character 2
VIN Character 3
VIN Character 4
VIN Character 5
VIN Character 6
VIN Character 7
VIN Character 8
VIN Character 9
VIN Character 10
VIN Character 11
VIN Character 12
Fatalities in Vehicle
Driver Drinking
Driver Presence
Driver’s License State
Driver’s ZIP Code
Non-CDL License Type
Non-CDL License Status
Commercial Motor Vehicle License Status
Compliance with CDL Endorsements
License Compliance with Class of Vehicle
Compliance with License Restrictions
Driver Height
Driver Weight
Previous Recorded Crashes
Previous Recorded Suspensions and
Revocations
Previous DWI Convictions
Previous Speeding Convictions
Previous Other Moving Violation Convictions
Month of First Crash, Suspension or Conviction
Year of First Crash, Suspension or Conviction
Month of Last Crash, Suspension or Conviction
Year of Last Crash, Suspension or Conviction
Speeding Related
Related Factors- Driver Level

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

FARS Data Element List
M_HARM
VEH_SC1
VEH_SC2
FIRE_EXP
MAK_MOD
VIN_1
VIN_2
VIN_3
VIN_4
VIN_5
VIN_6
VIN_7
VIN_8
VIN_9
VIN_10
VIN_11
VIN_12
DEATHS
DR_DRINK
DR_PRES
L_STATE
DR_ZIP
L_TYPE
L_STATUS
CDL_STAT
L_ENDORS
L_COMPL
L_RESTRI
DR_HGT
DR_WGT
PREV_ACC

131
135
135
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
156
158
159
160
161
162
163
164

PREV_SUS
PREV_DWI
PREV_SPD
PREV_OTH
FIRST_MO
FIRST_YR
LAST_MO
LAST_YR
SPEEDREL
DR_SF1

165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174

FARS Data Element List • 14

FARS Analytical User’s Manual
D24
D24
D24
PC5
PC6
PC7
PC8
PC9
PC10
PC11
PC12
PC13
PC17
PC19
PC20
PC21
PC22
PC23

Related Factors- Driver Level
Related Factors- Driver Level
Related Factors- Driver Level
Trafficway Description
Total Lanes in Roadway
Speed Limit
Roadway Alignment
Roadway Grade
Roadway Surface Type
Roadway Surface Condition
Traffic Control Device
Traffic Control Device Functioning
Pre-Event Movement
(Prior To Recognition of Critical Event)
Critical Event- Precrash
Attempted Avoidance Maneuver
Pre-Impact Stability
Pre-Impact Location
Crash Type
Axle (discontinued)
Carburetion (discontinued)
Crash Avoidance Maneuver (discontinued)
Cubic Inch Displacement (discontinued)
Curb Weight (discontinued)
Driver Training (discontinued)
Driver’s Vision Obscured by (discontinued)
Driver’s Vision Obscured by (discontinued)
Driver’s Vision Obscured by (discontinued)
Fuel Code (discontinued)
Hazardous Cargo (discontinued)
Most Damaged Area (discontinued)
Motorcycle Dry Weight (discontinued)
Motorcycle Engine Displacement (CC)
(discontinued)
Motorcycle Type (discontinued)
Number of Cylinders (discontinued)
Number of Motorcycle Engine Cycles
(discontinued)
Number of Wheels/Drive Wheels
(discontinued)
Original Tire Size (discontinued)
Sequence of Events (discontinued)
Sequence of Events (discontinued)

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

FARS Data Element List
DR_SF2
DR_SF3
DR_SF4
VTRAFWAY
VNUM_LAN
VSPD_LIM
VALIGN
VPROFILE
VPAVETYP
VSURCOND
VTRAFCON
VTCONT_F

174
174
174
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188

P_CRASH1
P_CRASH2
P_CRASH3
PCRASH4
PCRASH5
ACC_TYPE
AXLES
CARBUR
AVOID
DISPLACE
VIN_WGT
DR_TRAIN
D_VISION1
D_VISION2
D_VISION3
FUELCODE
HAZ_CARG
IMPACT2
MCYCL_WT

189
190
192
193
194
195
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
204
204
205
206
207
208

MCYCL_DS
MCYCL_TY
CYLINDER

209
210
211

MCYCL_CY

212

WHLDRWHL
TIRE_SZE
SEQ1
SEQ2

213
214
215
215

FARS Data Element List • 15

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

FARS Data Element List

Sequence of Events (discontinued)
SEQ3
Sequence of Events (discontinued)
SEQ4
Sequence of Events (discontinued)
SEQ5
Sequence of Events (discontinued)
SEQ6
Truck Shipping Weight (discontinued)
TRK_WT
Truck Shipping Weight Variance (discontinued) TRKWTVAR
Truck Ton Rating (discontinued)
TON_RAT
Truck VIN Restraint Type (discontinued)
VIN_REST
Truck Weight Rating (discontinued)
WGTCD_TR
Vehicle Maneuver (discontinued)
VEH_MAN
Vehicle Role (discontinued)
IMPACTS
VIN Body Type (discontinued)
VIN_BT
VIN Length (discontinued)
VIN_LNGT
VIN Make (discontinued)
VINMAKE
VIN Model (discontinued)
VINA_MOD
VIN Model Year (discontinued)
VINMODYR
VIN Truck Series (discontinued)
SER_TR
VIN Vehicle Type (discontinued)
VINTYPE
Wheelbase Short (discontinued)
WHLBS_SH
Wheelbase Long (discontinued)
WHLBS_LG
The PERSON Data File
P5/NM5
P6/NM6
P7/NM7
P8/NM8
P9
P10
P11
P12
P13
P14
P15
P16/NM15
P17/NM16
P18A/NM17A
P18B/NM17B
P18C/NM17C
P19/NM18
P20/NM19
P21A/NM20A
P21B/NM20B

239

Age
Sex
Person Type
Injury Severity
Seating Position
Restraint System/Helmet Use
Indication of Misuse of Restraint System/
Helmet
Air Bag Deployed
Ejection
Ejection Path
Extrication
Police Reported Alcohol Involvement
Method of Alcohol Determination by Police
Alcohol Test Status
Alcohol Test Type
Alcohol Test Result
Police Reported Drug Involvement
Method of Drug Determination by Police
Drug Test Status
Drug Test Type

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

215
215
215
215
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
227
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238

AGE
SEX
PER_TYP
INJ_SEV
SEAT_POS
REST_USE

240
241
242
243
244
246

REST_MIS
AIR_BAG
EJECTION
EJ_PATH
EXTRICAT
DRINKING
ALC_DET
ALC_STATUS
ATST_TYP
ALC_RES
DRUGS
DRUG_DET
DSTATUS
DRUGTST1

248
249
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
261

FARS Data Element List • 16

FARS Analytical User’s Manual
P21B/NM20B
P21B/NM20B
P21C/NM20C
P21C/NM20C
P21C/NM20C
P22/NM21
P23/NM22
P24A/NM23A
P24B/NM23B
P24C/NM23C
P25/NM24
P25A/NM24A
P25B/NM24B
P26/NM25
P26/NM25
P26/NM25
P100A
P100B
SP2
SP3A
SP3B
NM4
NM10

C4A
C8A
C8B
C9A
C9B
C19
C20
V4
V5
V6
V7
V8
V9
V10
V11

FARS Data Element List

Drug Test Type
Drug Test Type
Drug Test Result
Drug Test Result
Drug Test Result
Transported to First Treatment Facility
Died at Scene/En Route
Month of Death
Day of Death
Year of Death
Death Time
Hour of Death
Minute of Death
Related Factors- Person Level
Related Factors- Person Level
Related Factors- Person Level
Lag Hours
Lag Minutes
Fatal Injury at Work
Race
Hispanic Origin
Number of Motor Vehicle Striking Non-Motorist
Non-Motorist Location at Time of Crash
Automatic Restraint (discontinued)
Death Certificate Number (discontinued)
Manual Restraint (discontinued)

DRUGTST2
DRUGTST3
DRUGRES1
DRUGRES2
DRUGRES3
HOSPITAL
DOA
DEATH_MO
DEATH_DA
DEATH_YR
DEATH_TM
DEATH_HR
DEATH_MN
P_SF1
P_SF2
P_SF3
LAG_HRS
LAG_MINS
WORK_INJ
RACE
HISPANIC
STR_VEH
LOCATION
AUT_REST
CERT_NO
MAN_REST

261
261
262
262
262
263
264
265
265
266
267
267
268
269
269
269
274
274
275
276
277
278
279
281
282
283

The PARKWORK Data File 284
Number of Motor Vehicles in Transport (MVIT)
Month of Crash
Day of Crash
Hour of Crash
Minute of Crash
First Harmful Event
Manner of Collision
Number of Occupants
Unit Type
Hit and Run
Registration State
Registered Vehicle Owner
Vehicle Make
Vehicle Model
Body Type

PVE_FORMS
PMONTH
PDAY
PHOUR
PMINUTE
PHARM_EV
PMAN_COLL
PNUMOCCS
PTYPE
PHIT_RUN
PREG_STAT
POWNER
PMAKE
PMODEL
PBODYTYP

285
286
286
287
287
288
291
292
293
294
295
297
298
302
303

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

FARS Data Element List • 17

FARS Analytical User’s Manual
V12
V13
V14
V15
V15
V15
V17
V17A
V17B
V18
V19
V20
V21A/HM1
V21B/HM2
V21C/HM3
V21D/HM4
V21E/HM5
V22
V23
V24
V26
V29A
V30
V31
V33
V34
V34
V35
V100
V101
V102
V103
V104
V105
V106
V107
V108
V109
V110
V111
V112

Vehicle Model Year
Vehicle Identification Number (VIN)
Vehicle Trailing
Trailer Vehicle Identification Number
Trailer Vehicle Identification Number
Trailer Vehicle Identification Number
Motor Carrier Identification Number
MCID Issuing Authority
MCID Identification Number
Gross Vehicle Weight Rating
Vehicle Configuration
Cargo Body Type
Hazardous Material Involvement
Hazardous Material Placard
Hazardous Material Identification Number
Hazardous Material Class Number
Release of Hazardous Material from the
Cargo Compartment
Bus Use
Special Use
Emergency Motor Vehicle Use
Underride/Override
Initial Contact Point
Extent of Damage
Vehicle Removal
Most Harmful Event
Related Factors – Vehicle Level
Related Factors – Vehicle Level
Fire Occurrence
Make Model Combined
VIN Character 1
VIN Character 2
VIN Character 3
VIN Character 4
VIN Character 5
VIN Character 6
VIN Character 7
VIN Character 8
VIN Character 9
VIN Character 10
VIN Character 11
VIN Character 12

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

FARS Data Element List
PMODYEAR
PVIN
PTRAILER
PTRLR1VIN
PTRLR2VIN
PTRLR3VIN
PMCARR_ID
PMCARR_I1
PMCARR_I2
PGVWR
PV_CONFIG
PCARGTYP
PHAZ_INV
PHAZPLAC
PHAZ_ID
PHAZ_CNO

306
307
308
309
309
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
316
316
317

PHAZ_REL
PBUS_USE
PSP_USE
PEM_USE
PUNDERIDE
PIMPACT1
PVEH_SEV
PTOWED
PM_HARM
PVEH_SC1
PVEH_SC2
PFIRE
PMAK_MOD
PVIN_1
PVIN_2
PVIN_3
PVIN_4
PVIN_5
PVIN_6
PVIN_7
PVIN_8
PVIN_9
PVIN_10
PVIN_11
PVIN_12

317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
328
328
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343

FARS Data Element List • 18

FARS Analytical User’s Manual
V150

Fatalities in Vehicle
Axle (discontinued)
Carburetion (discontinued)
Crash Avoidance Maneuver (discontinued)
Commercial Motor Vehicle License Status
(discontinued)
Compliance with CDL Endorsements
(discontinued)
Compliance with License Restrictions
(discontinued)
Cubic Inch Displacement (discontinued)
Curb Weight (discontinued)
Driver Drinking (discontinued)
Driver Height (discontinued)
Driver Presence (discontinued)
Driver Weight (discontinued)
Driver’s License State (discontinued)
Driver’s Vision Obscured by (discontinued)
Driver’s Vision Obscured by (discontinued)
Driver’s Vision Obscured by (discontinued)
Driver’s ZIP Code (discontinued)
Fuel Code (discontinued)
Hazardous Cargo (discontinued)
Jackknife (discontinued)
License Compliance with Class of Vehicle
(discontinued)
Location of Rollover (discontinued)
Month of First Crash, Suspension or Conviction
(discontinued)
Month of Last Crash, Suspension or Conviction
(discontinued)
Most Damaged Area (discontinued)
Motorcycle Dry Weight (discontinued)
Motorcycle Engine Displacement (CC)
(discontinued)
Non-CDL License Status (discontinued)
Non-CDL License Type (discontinued)
Number of Cylinders (discontinued)
Number of Motorcycle Engine Cycles
(discontinued)
Number of Wheels/Drive Wheels
(discontinued)
Original Tire Size (discontinued)
Previous DWI Convictions (discontinued)

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

FARS Data Element List
PDEATHS
AXLES
PCARBUR
AVOID

344
345
346
347

CDL_STAT

348

L_ENDORS

349

L_RESTRI
PDISPLACE
PVIN_WGT
DR_DRINK
DR_HGT
DR_PRES
DR_WGT
L_STATE
D_VISION1
D_VISION2
D_VISION3
DR_ZIP
PFUECODE
HAZ_CARG
J_KNIFE

350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
358
358
359
360
361
362

L_COMPL
ROLINLOC

363
364

FIRST_MO

365

LAST_MO
PIMPACT2
PMCYCL_WT

366
367
368

PMCYCL_DS
L_STATUS
L_TYPE
PCYLINDER

369
370
370
371

PMCYCL_CY

372

PWHLDRWHL
PTIRE_SZE
PREV_DWI

373
374
375

FARS Data Element List • 19

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

FARS Data Element List

Previous Other Harmful Moving Violation
Convictions (discontinued)
Previous Recorded Crashes (discontinued)
Previous Recorded Suspensions and
Revocations (discontinued)
Previous Speeding Convictions (discontinued)
Rollover (discontinued)
Sequence of Events (discontinued)
Sequence of Events (discontinued)
Sequence of Events (discontinued)
Sequence of Events (discontinued)
Sequence of Events (discontinued)
Sequence of Events (discontinued)
Speeding Related (discontinued)
Travel Speed (discontinued)
Truck Ton Rating (discontinued)
Truck Shipping Weight (discontinued)
Truck Shipping Weight Variance
(discontinued)
Truck VIN Restraint Type (discontinued)
Truck Weight Rating (discontinued)
Vehicle Maneuver (discontinued)
Vehicle Role (discontinued)
VIN Body Type (discontinued)
VIN Length (discontinued)
VIN Make (discontinued)
VIN Model (discontinued)
VIN Model Year (discontinued)
VIN Truck Series (discontinued)
VIN Vehicle Type (discontinued)
Wheelbase Long (discontinued)
Wheelbase Short (discontinued)
Year of First Crash, Suspension or Conviction
(discontinued)
Year of Last Crash, Suspension or Conviction
(discontinued)
The PBTYPE Data File
P5/NM5
P6/NM6
P7/NM7
NM9-PB27
NM9-PB28

Age
Sex
Person Type
Marked Crosswalk Present
Sidewalk Present

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

PREV_OTH
PREV_ACC

376
377

PREV_SUS
PREV_SPD
ROLLOVER
SEQ1
SEQ2
SEQ3
SEQ4
SEQ5
SEQ6
SPEEDREL
TRAV_SP
PTON_RAT
PTRK_WT

378
379
383
384
384
384
384
384
384
385
386
387
388

PTRKWTVAR
PVIN_REST
PWGTCD_TR
VEH_MAN
IMPACTS
PVIN_BT
PVIN_LNGT
PVINMAKE
PVINA_MOD
PVINMODYR
PSER_TR
PVINTYPE
PWHLBS_LG
PWHLBS_SH

389
390
391
392
393
394
398
399
400
401
402
403
407
408

FIRST_YR

409

LAST_YR

410

PBAGE
PBSEX
PBPTYPE
PBCWALK
PBSWALK

412
413
414
415
416

411

FARS Data Element List • 20

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

FARS Data Element List

NM9-PB29
NM9-PB30
NM9-PB30B
NM9-PB31
NM9-PB31B
NM9-PB32
NM9-PB32B
NM9-PB33
NM9-PB33B
NM9-PB34
NM9-PB35
NM9-PB36
NM9-PB37
NM9-PB38
NM9-PB38B

School Zone
Crash Type – Pedestrian
Crash Type – Bicycle
Crash Location – Pedestrian
Crash Location – Bicycle
Pedestrian Position
Bicyclist Position
Pedestrian Initial Direction of Travel
Bicyclist Initial Direction of Travel
Motorist Initial Direction of Travel
Motorist Maneuver
Intersection Leg
Pedestrian Scenario
Crash Group – Pedestrian
Crash Group – Bicycle

PBSZONE
PEDCTYPE
BIKECTYPE
PEDLOC
BIKELOC
PEDPOS
BIKEPOS
PEDDIR
BIKEDIR
MOTDIR
MOTMAN
PEDLEG
PEDSNR
PEDCGP
BIKECGP

417
418
420
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
433
434

435

C18
C18
V31
C18
C18

The CEVENT Data File
Vehicle Number (This Vehicle)
Area of Impact (This Vehicle)
Sequence of Events
Vehicle Number (Other Vehicle)
Area of Impact (Other Vehicle)

VNUMBER1
AOI1
SOE
VNUMBER2
AOI2

436
437
438
440
441

442

C18
C18
V31
C18
C18

The VEVENT Data File
Vehicle Number (This Vehicle)
Area of Impact (This Vehicle)
Sequence of Events
Vehicle Number (Other Vehicle)
Area of Impact (Other Vehicle)

VNUMBER1
AOI1
SOE
VNUMBER2
AOI2

443
444
445
447
448

C18
V31

The VSOE Data File 449
Area of Impact Associated with the Event
Sequence of Events

AOI
SOE

450
451

453

V28B

The DAMAGE Data File
Damaged Areas

MDAREAS

454

455

PC16

The DISTRACT Data File
Driver Distracted By

MDRDSTRD

456

D23

The DRIMPAIR Data File
457
Condition (Impairment) at Time of CrashDriver
DRIMPAIR

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

458

FARS Data Element List • 21

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

FARS Data Element List

PC4

The FACTOR Data File
459
Contributing Circumstances, Motor Vehicle
MFACTOR

460

PC15

The MANEUVER Data File 461
Driver Maneuvered to Avoid
MDRMANAV

462

463

D21

The VIOLATN Data File
Violations Charged

MVIOLATN

464

467

PC14

The VISION Data File
Driver’s Vision Obscured by

MVISOBSC

468

NM12

The NMCRASH Data File 469
Non-Motorist Contributing Circumstances
MTM_CRSH

470

The NMIMPAIR Data File
471
Condition (Impairment) at Time of CrashNon-Motorist
NMIMPAIR

472

The NMPRIOR Data File
Non-Motorist Action/Circumstances

473

NM11

MPR_ACT

474

The SAFETYEQ Data File
Non-Motorist Safety Equipment Use

475

NM13

MSAFEQMT

476

NM14

The VINDECODE Data File 477
See Appendix F: Changes to the VIN Decoded Data Elements

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

587

FARS Data Element List • 22

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes

Data Element Definitions and Codes
This section represents the majority of the manual. It provides detailed information on the data
elements, including definitions, SAS names, attribute codes and attribute labels. Over the years,
changes have been made to the data collected. Some data elements have been dropped, new
ones added, and coding of individual data elements has changed. Coding changes and the
years for which individual attributes are available are shown for each data element. The
FARS/CRSS Coding and Validation Manual contains a detailed description of each data
element including coding instructions and attribute definitions. The Coding Manual is published
for each year of data collection. Years 2001 to current are available at:
NCSA Publications- FARS/NASS GES/CRSS Manuals and Documentation.
The data elements are listed here under the primary data file in which the data are stored.
Some data elements are provided in more than one data file to facilitate analyses analyses but
they are not repeated. For example, Month of Crash (MONTH) is a crash-level data element
but for convenience it is also provided in the Vehicle, Parkwork and Person files.
All data elements are numeric except the following, which are character:
• C13 Trafficway Identifier (TWAY_ID, TWAY_ID2) [30]
• C27 Rail Grade Crossing Identifier (RAIL) [7]
• V13 Vehicle Identification Number (VIN, PVIN) [12]
• V16 & V16B Motor Carrier ID (MCARR_ID) [11], (MCARR_I2) [9]
• V101-V112 VIN Characters 1-12 (VIN_1, VIN_2, VIN_3, VIN_4, VIN_5, VIN_6, VIN_7,
VIN_8, VIN_9, VIN_10, VIN_11, VIN_12, PVIN_1, PVIN_2, PVIN_3, PVIN_4, PVIN_5,
PVIN_6, PVIN_7, PVIN_8, PVIN_9, PVIN_10, PVIN_11, PVIN_12) [1]
• V200-V280 VIN decoded data elements in the Vindecode data file [255]
• NM9-PB37 Pedestrian Scenario (PEDSNR) [10]

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 23

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes

All of the data files contain the following two (2) crash-level data elements:

Key Data Elements
C1/V1/D1/PC1/P1/NM1

State Number

Definition: This data element identifies the state in which the crash occurred. The codes are
from the General Services Administration’s (GSA) publication of worldwide Geographic Location
Codes (GLC).
Additional Information: GSA state data elements except for 43, Puerto Rico. The State in
which the vehicle is registered, REG_STAT, is found in the Vehicle data file; the coding is the
same.
SAS Name: STATE
Attribute Codes
1975-Later
1 Alabama
2 Alaska
4 Arizona
5 Arkansas
6 California
8 Colorado
9 Connecticut
10 Delaware
11 District of Columbia
12 Florida
13 Georgia
15 Hawaii
16 Idaho
17 Illinois
18 Indiana
19 Iowa
20 Kansas
21 Kentucky
22 Louisiana
23 Maine
24 Maryland
25 Massachusetts
26 Michigan
27 Minnesota
28 Mississippi
29 Missouri
30 Montana

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
52
51
53
54
55
56

Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Puerto Rico
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virgin Islands (since 2004)
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 24

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

C2/V2/D2/PC2/P2/NM2

Data Element Definitions and Codes

Consecutive Number

Definition: This data element is the unique case number assigned to each crash. It appears
on each data file and is used to merge information from the data files together.
Additional Information: This data element is a combination of the GSA State code and an
assigned consecutive number. It is assigned by the data entry system to each crash and is the
unique identifier for the crash within the year. It is used as the key, when any two of these files
from the same year are merged.
This data element is stored as a numeric data element of six characters; the first two characters
are the State code, and the next four characters are case number, with leading zeros if
necessary.
SAS Name: ST_CASE
Attribute Codes
1975-Later
xxxxxx

Two Characters for State Code followed by Four Characters for
Case Number

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 25

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes

All of the vehicle level data files contain the preceding accident level data elements as well as
VEH_NO:
V3/D3/PC3/P3/NM4 Vehicle Number
Definition: This data element is the consecutive number assigned to each vehicle in the case.
This data element appears on each vehicle level data file and is used in conjunction with the
ST_CASE data element to merge information from vehicle level data files.
Additional Information: All vehicles will have a positive integer value. The value 0 is only used
for non-motorists (pedestrians, cyclists, etc.) in the Person File. There are no corresponding
Vehicle records for non-motorists. ST_CASE and VEH_NO may be used to merge the
complete Person File to the Accident File, but including the Vehicle File in the merge will
eliminate non-motorists from the merged data.
Non-Occupants have VEH_NO = 0, in this case see STR_VEH (N_MOT_NO prior to 2011)
under Non-Motorist Striking Vehicle Number in the Person data file.
SAS Name: VEH_NO
Attribute Codes
19752008
0-99

2009Later
0-999

Assigned Number of Motor Vehicle

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Data Element Definitions and Codes

All of the person level data files contain the preceding accident level and vehicle level data
elements as well as PER_NO:
P4/NM3

Person Number

Definition: This data element is the consecutive number assigned to each person in the case
(i.e., each occupant, pedestrian, or non-motorists involved in the crash). This data element
appears on each person level data file and is used in conjunction with the ST_CASE data
element (and sometimes the VEH_NO data element) to merge information from person level
data files.
Additional Information: Each occupant of the vehicle is numbered and each non-occupant is
numbered, in the case of a non-occupant the vehicle number is zero. The numbers for
occupants are consecutive, for each vehicle, beginning with 1. Numbers are never skipped.
Drivers do not have to be coded 1. Non-Occupants are identified by vehicle number 0 and are
numbered consecutively starting with 1 for each non-motorist. To get drivers see data element
PER_TYP, under Person Type.
PER_NO can be used in merges, e.g., when merging the FARS person data file with the
multiple cause of death file.
SAS Name: PER_NO
Attribute Codes
19752008
1-99

2009Later
1-999

Assigned Person Number

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Data Element Definitions and Codes

The CEVENT and VEVENT data files contain the preceding crash level data elements as well
as EVENTNUM:
C18

Event Number

Definition: This data element is the consecutive number assigned to each harmful and nonharmful event in a crash, in chronological order.
Additional Information: Prior to 2015, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element
Number was C17.
SAS Name: EVENTNUM
Attribute Codes
2010-Later
1-999
Event Number

The VEVENT and VSOE data files contain the preceding crash level data elements and
VEH_NO as well as VEVENTNUM:
C18

Vehicle Event Number

Definition: This data element is the consecutive number assigned to each harmful and nonharmful event for this vehicle, in chronological order.
Additional Information: Prior to 2015, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element
Number was C17.
SAS Name: VEVENTNUM
Attribute Codes
2010-Later
1-999
Vehicle Event Number

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The ACCIDENT Data File

The ACCIDENT Data File
The Accident data file includes crash data. It contains the data elements ST_CASE and
STATE, which are described in the beginning of the Data Element Definitions and Codes
section. The Accident data file also contains the data elements on the following pages.
ST_CASE is the unique case identifier for each record.

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C3

The ACCIDENT Data File

Number of Forms Submitted for Persons Not in Motor Vehicles

Definition: This data element is the number of Person Forms (Not a Motor Vehicle Occupant)
that are applicable to this case (i.e., non-occupants).
Additional Information: This represents the number of forms created for persons not in motor
vehicles. It is the number of persons in the crash where “Person Type” is in (4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10 or
19).
Note: Persons where “Person Type” = 3 (Occupant of a Motor Vehicle Not In-Transport) are not
included in this data element but are counted in C3A below.
SAS Name: PEDS
Attribute Codes
19912010
1-99

C3A

2011Later
0-99

Number of Persons Not in Motor Vehicles

Number of Persons Not in Motor Vehicles in Transport (MVIT)

Definition: This data element is a count of the number of non-motorists in the crash. A
non-motorist is defined as a pedestrian, a cyclist, an occupant of a motor vehicle not intransport, a person riding a horse, an occupant of an animal drawn conveyance, person
associated with non-motorist conveyance (e.g., baby carriage, skate board, wheelchair), or an
other non-motorist (e.g., person outside a trafficway, person in a house).
Additional Information: This data element is derived as the count of all persons in the crash
where “Person Type” is in (3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10 or 19).
SAS Name: PERNOTMVIT
Attribute Codes
2011-Later
0-98 Number of Persons Not in Motor Vehicles in Transport

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C4

The ACCIDENT Data File

Number of Vehicle Forms Submitted- ALL

Definition: This data element is the number of contact motor vehicles that the officer reported
on the PAR as a unit involved in the crash.
Additional Information: This number represents all of the vehicles in the crash. This includes
the vehicles in-transport which are in the Vehicle data file and the vehicles not in-transport
which are in the Parkwork data file (previously Vehnit). This data element only appears in the
Accident data file. Note: The Parkwork data file replaced the Vehnit data file in 2010. The
Vehnit data file does not exist prior to 2005.
SAS Name: VE_TOTAL
Attribute Codes
20052008
1-99

2009Later
1-999

Number of Vehicles in Crash

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C4A

The ACCIDENT Data File

Number of Motor Vehicles in Transport (MVIT)

Definition: This data element is a count of the number of vehicles in-transport involved in the
crash. Legally parked vehicles are not included.
Additional Information: This data element is derived as the count of all vehicles in the crash
where “Unit Type” = 1. It is the number of records in the Vehicle data file.
It is unlikely that the number of vehicles involved in the crash is greater than the Number of
Vehicle Forms plus two.
1975-1981: In the event of a hit-and-run crash, if the vehicle information was not known, then no
vehicle form was filled out. Likewise, if no information was known on the person level, usually
the driver of the unknown vehicle, then a Person Level form was not filled out. The result is that
the number of unknowns is much smaller for this time period than 1982 and later.
Example: From 1975 to 1980, there were 30 to 40 drivers coded with unknown sex,
approximately 0.05 percent of all drivers involved in fatal crashes. In 1981 the number of
drivers with unknown sex rose to over 300, approximately 0.5 percent of all drivers involved in
fatal crashes.
1982-Later: In the case of a hit-and-run crash, a Vehicle-Driver form and a Person Level form
for the driver are filled out. When the information about the vehicle-driver or person is not
known -- which is often the case with hit-and-runs -- the values are coded as unknown.
Example: Between 1982 and 1994, the number of drivers coded with unknown sex fluctuated
between 700 and 1,000, approximately 1.5 percent of all drivers involved in fatal crashes.
Reviewing the 768 persons in the 1994 Annual Report file, all were drivers and 90 percent of
them were involved in hit-and-run crashes.
This data element also appears in the Vehicle and Person data files and in the Parkwork data
file as PVE_FORMS.
SAS Name: VE_FORMS
Attribute Codes
19761981
0-99

19822008
1-99

2009Later
1-999

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Number of Vehicle Forms

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 32

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C4B

The ACCIDENT Data File

Number of Parked/Working Vehicles

Definition: This data element is a count of the number of parked and working vehicles involved
in the crash.
Additional Information: This data element is calculated as the count of all vehicles in the
crash where “Unit Type” is in (2, 3 or 4). It is the number of records in the Parkwork data file.
SAS Name: PVH_INVL
Attribute Codes
2011-Later
0-999 Number of Parked/Working Vehicles in the Crash

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C5

The ACCIDENT Data File

Number of Forms Submitted for Persons in Motor Vehicles

Definition: This data element is a count of the number of Person Level (Motor Vehicle
Occupant) Forms that are applicable to this case (i.e., occupants).
Additional Information: This represents the number of forms created for persons in motor
vehicles. It is the count of all persons where “Person Type” is in (1, 2, 3 or 9).
Before 2003, the policy was not to submit a Person Level form for occupants of van-based
buses. Since 2003, a person level form has been submitted for all occupants of van-based
vehicles, including van-based buses.
1975-1981: In the event of a hit-and-run crash, if the vehicle information was not known, then no
vehicle form was filled out. Likewise, if no information was known on the person level, usually
the driver of the unknown vehicle, then a Person Level form was not filled out. The result is that
the number of unknowns is much smaller for this time period than 1982 and later.
Example: From 1975 to 1980, there were 30 to 40 drivers coded with unknown sex,
approximately 0.05 percent of all drivers involved in fatal crashes. In 1981 the number of
drivers with unknown sex rose to over 300, approximately 0.5 percent of all drivers involved in
fatal crashes.
1982-Later: In the case of a hit-and-run crash, a Vehicle-Driver form and a Person Level form
for the driver are filled out. When the information about the vehicle-driver or person is not
known -- which is often the case with hit-and-runs -- the values are coded as unknown.
Example: Between 1982 and 1994, the number of drivers coded with unknown sex fluctuated
between 700 and 1,000, approximately 1.5 percent of all drivers involved in fatal crashes.
Reviewing the 768 persons in the 1994 Annual Report file, all were drivers and 90 percent of
them were involved in hit-and-run crashes.
SAS Name: PERSONS
Attribute Codes
19752008
0-99

2009Later
0-999

Number of Person Forms

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C5A

The ACCIDENT Data File

Number of Persons in Motor Vehicles in Transport (MVIT)

Definition: This data element is a count of the number of motorists in the crash. A motorist is a
driver, passenger or unknown occupant type of a motor vehicle in-transport.
Additional Information: This data element is derived as the count of all persons in the crash
where “Person Type” is in (1, 2 or 9).
Note: Persons where “Person Type” = 3 (Occupant of a Motor Vehicle Not In-Transport) are not
included in this data element but are counted in C5 above.
SAS Name: PERMVIT
Attribute Codes
2011-Later
0-999 Number of Persons in Motor Vehicles In-Transport

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C6

The ACCIDENT Data File

County

Definition: This data element records the location of the unstabilized event with regard to the
County. The codes are from the General Services Administration’s (GSA) publication of
worldwide Geographic Location Codes (GLC).
Additional Information: GSA geographical codes are somewhat stable. Occasionally one
code will be divided into two codes.
This data element also appears in the Person data file.
SAS Name: COUNTY
Attribute Codes
19752009
0
1-996
997
-999

2010Later
0
1-996
997
998
999

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Not Applicable
Use GSA Geographical Codes
Other
Not Reported
Unknown

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 36

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C7

The ACCIDENT Data File

City

Definition: This data element records the location of the unstabilized event with regard to the
City. The codes are from the General Services Administration’s (GSA) publication of worldwide
Geographic Location Codes (GLC).
Additional Information: GSA geographical codes are somewhat stable. Occasionally one
code will be divided into two codes.
SAS Name: CITY
Attribute Codes
19752009
0
1-9996
9997
-9999

2010Later
0
1-9996
9997
9898
9999

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Not Applicable
GSA Geographical Codes
Other
Not Reported
Unknown

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 37

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C8

Crash Date

C8A

Month of Crash

The ACCIDENT Data File

Definition: This data element records the month in which the crash occurred.
Additional Information: This data element also appears in the Vehicle and Person data files
and in the Parkwork data file as PMONTH.
SAS Name: MONTH
Attribute Codes
19752008
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
99

C8B

2009Later
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
--

January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Unknown

Day of Crash

Definition: This data element records the day of the month on which the crash occurred.
Additional Information: This data element also appears in the Vehicle and Person data files
and in the Parkwork data file as PDAY.
SAS Name: DAY
Attribute Codes
19752009
1-31
99

2010Later
1-31
--

Day of the Month of the Crash
Unknown

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C8C

The ACCIDENT Data File

Day of Week

Definition: This data element records the day of the week on which the crash occurred.
Additional Information: This data element has been calculated based on the year, month, and
day.
SAS Name: DAY_WEEK
Attribute Codes
19752009
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
9

C8D

2010Later
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
--

Sunday
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
Saturday
Unknown

Year of Crash

Definition: This data element records the year in which the crash occurred.
Additional Information:
SAS Name: YEAR
Attribute Codes
19751997
xx

1998Later
xxxx

Year of the Crash

More Information on Date of Crash

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C9

Crash Time

C9A

Hour of Crash

The ACCIDENT Data File

Definition: This data element records the hour at which the crash occurred.
Additional Information: All time is 24-hour military time.
The time of the crash/arrival of the emergency medical service can occur in a different day than
the arrival of emergency medical service at the crash scene/hospital.
If you need to separate day and night, see the data element LGT_COND under the heading
Light Condition.
This data element also appears in the Vehicle and Person data files and in the Parkwork data
file as PHOUR.
SAS Name: HOUR
19752008
0-24
-99

C9B

2009
0-23
88
99

2010Later
0-23
-99

Hour
Not Applicable or Not Notified
Unknown

Minute of Crash

Definition: This data element records the minutes after the hour at which the crash occurred.
Additional Information: All time is 24-hour military time.
The time of the crash/arrival of the emergency medical service can occur in a different day than
the arrival of emergency medical service at the crash scene/hospital.
This data element also appears in the Vehicle and Person data files and in the Parkwork data
file as PMINUTE.
SAS Name: MINUTE
19752008
0-59
-99

2009
0-59
88
99

2010Later
0-59
-99

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Minute
Not Applicable or Not Notified
Unknown

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 40

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C10

The ACCIDENT Data File

Trafficway Identifier

Definition: This data element records the trafficway on which the crash occurred.
Additional Information: Beginning in 2004, a second trafficway identifier was added to
accommodate intersection and intersection-related crashes where the officer provides the
identifier for the second trafficway. Prior to 2015, this data element’s Locator Code or Data
Element Number was C13.
SAS Name: TWAY_ID
TWAY_ID2

1982-Later
2004-Later

Attribute Codes
1982-1997
xxxxxxxxxx
999999999
1998-2011
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
9999999999999999999
2012-Later
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
999999999999999999999999999999

Actual Posted Number, Assigned Number,
or Common Name (10 characters)
Unknown
Actual Posted Number, Assigned Number,
or Common Name (20 characters)
Unknown
Actual Posted Number, Assigned Number,
or Common Name (30 characters)
Unknown

More Information on Trafficway Identifier

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C11

The ACCIDENT Data File

Route Signing

Definition: This data element identifies the route signing of the trafficway on which the crash
occurred.
Additional Information: Prior to 2015, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element
Number was C12.
SAS Name: CL_TWAY
ROUTE

1975-1986
1987-Later

Attribute Codes
19751980
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

19821986
1
-2
3
-4
5
8
9

Interstate
Other Limited Access
Other U.S. Route
Other State Route
Other Major Artery
County Road
Local Street
Other Road
Unknown

1981
Data were not available for this data element in 1981.
1987-Later
1
Interstate
2
U.S. Highway
3
State Highway
4
County Road
5
Local Street – Township
6
Local Street – Municipality
7
Local Street – Frontage Road (Since 1994)
8
Other
9
Unknown

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C12A

The ACCIDENT Data File

Land Use

Definition: This data element identifies the classification of the segment of the trafficway on
which the crash occurred based on FHWA-approved adjusted Census boundaries of small
urban and urbanized areas.
Additional Information: From 1975 to 1986, there was a similar Land Use (LAND_USE) data
element. From 1987 to 2014, urban and rural classifications can be obtained from the data
element Roadway Function Class.
SAS Name: RUR_URB
Attribute Codes
2015-Later
1
Rural
2
Urban
6
Trafficway Not in State Inventory
8
Not Reported
9
Unknown
More Information on Land Use

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C12B

The ACCIDENT Data File

Functional System

Definition: This data element identifies the functional classification of the segment of the
trafficway on which the crash occurred.
Additional Information:
SAS Name: FUNC_SYS
Attribute Codes
2015-Later
1
Interstate
2
Principal Arterial – Other Freeways and Expressways
3
Principal Arterial – Other
4
Minor Arterial
5
Major Collector
6
Minor Collector
7
Local
96
Trafficway Not in State Inventory
98
Not Reported
99
Unknown

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C13

The ACCIDENT Data File

Ownership

Definition: This data element identifies the entity that has legal ownership of the segment of the
trafficway on which the crash occurred.
Additional Information:
SAS Name: RD_OWNER
Attribute Codes
2015-Later
1
State Highway Agency
2
County Highway Agency
3
Town or Township Highway Agency
4
City or Municipal Highway Agency
11
State Park, Forest or Reservation Agency
12
Local Park, Forest or Reservation Agency
21
Other State Agency
25
Other Local Agency
26
Private (other than Railroad)
27
Railroad
31
State Toll Road
32
Local Toll Authority
40
Other Public Instrumentality (i.e., Airport)
50
Indian Tribe Nation
60
Other Federal Agency
62
Bureau of Indian Affairs
63
Bureau of Fish and Wildlife
64
U.S. Forest Service
66
National Park Service
67
Tennessee Valley Authority
68
Bureau of Land Management
69
Bureau of Reclamation
70
Corps of Engineers
72
Air Force
74
Navy/Marines
80
Army
96
Trafficway Not in State Inventory
98
Not Reported
99
Unknown

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C14

The ACCIDENT Data File

National Highway System

Definition: This data element identifies whether this crash occurred on a trafficway that is part
of the National Highway System.
Additional Information: Prior to 2015, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element
Number was C10.
SAS Name: NHS
Attribute Codes
1994-Later
0
This Section is Not on the National Highway System
1
This Section is on the National Highway System
9
Unknown

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C15

The ACCIDENT Data File

Special Jurisdiction

Definition: This data element identifies if the location on the trafficway where the crash
occurred qualifies as a Special Jurisdiction even though it may be patrolled by state, county or
local police (e.g., all State highways running through Indian reservations are under the
jurisdiction of the Indian reservation).
Additional Information: Prior to 2015, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element
Number was C16.
SAS Name: SP_JUR
Attribute Codes
1975-Later
0
No Special Jurisdiction (Includes National Forests Since 2008)
1
National Park Service
2
Military
3
Indian Reservation
4
College/University Campus
5
Other Federal Properties (Since 1977)
8
Other (Since 1976)
9
Unknown
More Information on Indian Reservation

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C16

The ACCIDENT Data File

Milepoint

Definition: This data element records the milepoint nearest to the location where the crash
occurred.
Additional Information: Five digits are always coded.
EXAMPLES:
Milepoint
10
39.89
404
73.1

Code
00100
00399
04040
00731

In 2011, this data element changed from alphanumeric (character) to numeric. Prior to 2015,
this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element Number was C14.
SAS Name: MILEPT
Attribute Codes
19822009
00000
xxxxx

2010Later
00000
xxxxx

-99999

99998
99999

None
Actual to Nearest Tenth Mile
(Assume decimal, e.g., 12345 = 1234.5)
Not Reported
Unknown

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C17

Global Position

C17A

Latitude

The ACCIDENT Data File

Definition: This element identifies the location of the crash using Global Position coordinates.
This is the position of latitude.
Additional Information: Prior to 2015, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element
Number was C15A.
SAS Name: LATITUDE
Attribute Codes
1999-2009
DDMMSSSS (DD MM SS.SS – Degrees/Minutes/Seconds)
17-71
88
99

DD- Actual Degrees
Not Available (If State Exempt)
Unknown

0-59
88
99

MM- Actual Minutes
Not Available (If State Exempt)
Unknown

0.0-59.99
88.88
99.99

SS.SS- Actual Seconds
Not Available (If State Exempt)
Unknown

2010-Later
DDDDDD (DD.DDDD – Decimal Degrees)
DD.DDDD
77.7777
88.8888
99.9999

Actual Degrees
Not Reported
Not Available (If State Exempt)
Unknown

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C17B

The ACCIDENT Data File

Longitude

Definition: This element identifies the location of the crash using Global Position coordinates.
This is the position of longitude.
Additional Information: Prior to 2015, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element
Number was C15B.
SAS Name: LONGITUD
Attribute Codes
DDDMMSSSS (DDD MM SS.SS – Degrees/Minutes/Seconds)
1999-2009
DDDMMSSSS (DDD MM SS.SS – Degrees/Minutes/Seconds)
65-178
-888
999

DDD- Actual Degrees
Not Reported
Not Available (If State Exempt)
Unknown

0-59
-88
99

MM- Actual Minutes
Not Reported
Not Available (If State Exempt)
Unknown

0.0-59.99
-88.88
99.99

SS.SS- Actual Seconds
Not Reported
Not Available (If State Exempt)
Unknown

2010-Later
DDDDDDD (DDD.DDDD – Decimal Degrees)
DDD.DDDD
777.7777
888.8888
999.9999

Actual Degrees
Not Reported
Not Available (If State Exempt)
Unknown

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C19

The ACCIDENT Data File

First Harmful Event

Definition: This data element describes the first injury or damage producing event of the crash.
Additional Information: “First Harmful Event” applies to the crash. “Most Harmful Event”
(M_HARM) applies to the vehicle. Harmful events are judgment calls of the FARS analysts
based on the data within the PAR.
From 2004 to 2009, the data elements “First Harmful Event,” “Most Harmful Event,” and the
“Sequence of Events” have the same attributes. The harmful event attributes were modified to
be consistent with the sequence of events data elements. Starting in 2009, these data elements
still have the same attributes except non-harmful event attributes were added to the Sequence
of Events data element.
Starting in 2010, this data element is derived from the “Sequence of Events” data element as the
first value that is not between codes 60 and 71 (non-harmful events). Prior to 2015, this data
element’s Locator Code or Data Element Number was C18.
This data element also appears in the Vehicle and Person data files and in the Parkwork data
file as PHARM_EV.
SAS Name: HARM_EV
Attribute Codes
1975-1981
1
Overturn
2
Fire/Explosion
3
Immersion
4
Gas Inhalation
5
Fell from Vehicle
6
Injured in Vehicle
7
Other Non-Collision
8
Pedestrian
9
Pedalcycle
10
Railway Train
11
Animal
12
Motor Vehicle in Transport
13
Motor Vehicle in Transport in Other Roadway
14
Parked Motor Vehicle
15
Other Type Non-Motorist
16
Other Object
17
Bridge or Overpass (1975-1978)
18
Building
19
Culvert
20
Curb or Wall
21
Divider
22
Embankment
23
Fence
24
Guard Rail
25
Light Support
26
Sign Post

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C19

First Harmful Event

The ACCIDENT Data File

(continued)

Attribute Codes
1975-1981
27
Tree/Shrubbery
28
Utility Pole
29
Other Pole/Support
30
Impact Attenuator
31
Other Fixed Object
32
Bridge or Overpass [Passing Under] (1979-1981)
33
Bridge or Overpass [Passing Over] (1979-1981)
99
Unknown
19822003
1
2
3
4
5
6
-7
8
9
-10
-11
-12
-13
14
15
-16
17
18
19
20
21
-22
23
-24
25

20042009
1
2
3
4
5
6
-7
8
9
-10
-11
-12
-13
14
-15
16
17
18
19
20
21
-22
23
-24
25

20102015
1
2
3
4
5
-6
7
8
-9
-10
-11
-12
-14
-15
16
17
18
19
20
-21
--23
24
25

2016Later
1
2
3
4
5
-6
7
8
-9
-10
-11
-12
-14
-15
16
17
18
19
20
-21
--23
24
25

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Rollover/Overturn
Fire/Explosion
Immersion (or Partial Immersion, Since 2012)
Gas Inhalation
Fell/Jumped from Vehicle
Injured in Vehicle
Injured in Vehicle (Non-Collision)
Other Non-Collision
Pedestrian
Pedalcycle
Pedalcyclist
Railway Train
Railway Vehicle
Animal
Live Animal
Motor Vehicle in Transport on Same Roadway
Motor Vehicle in Transport
Motor Vehicle in Transport on Other Roadway
Parked Motor Vehicle (Not In Transport)
Other Type Non-Motorist
Non-Motorist on Personal Conveyance
Thrown or Falling Object
Boulder
Other Object (Not Fixed)
Building
Impact Attenuator/Crash Cushion
Bridge Pier or Abutment
Bridge Pier or Support
Bridge Parapet End
Bridge Rail
Bridge Rail (Includes Parapet)
Guardrail Face
Concrete Traffic Barrier

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 52

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

C19

First Harmful Event

The ACCIDENT Data File

(continued)

Attribute Codes
19822003
26
27
28
29
30
-31
-32
33
34
35
-36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
--45
--46
47

20042009
26
27
28
29
30
-31
-32
33
34
35
-36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
-44
--45
-46
47

20102015
26
----30
31
-32
33
34
-35
--38
39
40
41
42
43
--44
--45
46
--

2016Later
26
----30
-31
32
33
34
-35
--38
39
40
41
42
43
--44
--45
46
--

48
-49
50
------

48
-49
50
51
-52
53
54

-48
49
50
-51
52
53
--

-48
49
50
-51
52
53
--

--

--

54

54

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Other Traffic Barrier
Highway/Traffic Sign Post
Overhead Sign Support/Sign
Luminary/Light Support
Utility Pole
Utility Pole/Light Support
Other Post, Other Pole, or Other Supports
Post, Pole, or Other Supports
Culvert
Curb
Ditch
Embankment – Earth
Embankment
Embankment – Rock, Stone, or Concrete
Embankment – Material Type Unknown
Fence
Wall
Fire Hydrant
Shrubbery
Tree (Standing Only)
Other Fixed Object
Pavement Surface Irregularity (1993 Only)
Pavement Surface Irregularity
Pavement Surface Irregularity (Ruts, Potholes, Grates, etc.)
Transport Device Used as Equipment (1993-2003)
Working Construction, Maintenance or Utility Vehicles
Working Motor Vehicle
Traffic Signal Support
Vehicle Occupant Struck or Run Over by Own Vehicle
(1997-2009)
Collision With Snow Bank (1997-2009)
Snow Bank
Ridden Animal or Animal-Drawn Conveyance (Since 1998)
Bridge Overhead Structure
Jackknife
Jackknife (Harmful to This Vehicle)
Guardrail End
Mail Box
Motor Vehicle Struck by Falling/Shifting Cargo or Anything
Set in Motion by Another Motor Vehicle in Transport
Motor Vehicle In-Transport Strikes or is Struck by Cargo,
Persons or Objects Set-in-Motion from/by Another Motor
Vehicle In-Transport

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 53

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

C19

First Harmful Event

The ACCIDENT Data File

(continued)

Attribute Codes
19822003
----------99

20042009
55
55
57
-------99

20102015
-55
57
58
59
72
73
--98
99

2016Later
-55
57
58
59
72
-73
74
-99

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Other Not in-Transport Motor Vehicle (2005-2007)
Motor Vehicle in Motion Outside the Trafficway (Since 2008)
Cable Barrier (Since 2008)
Ground
Traffic Sign Support
Cargo/Equipment Loss or Shift (Harmful to This Vehicle)
Object Fell From Motor Vehicle In-Transport (2013-2015)
Object That Had Fallen From Motor Vehicle In-Transport
Road Vehicle on Rails
Not Reported (2010 Only)
Unknown

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 54

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

C20

The ACCIDENT Data File

Manner of Collision

Definition: This data element describes the orientation of two motor vehicles in-transport when
they are involved in the “First Harmful Event” of a collision crash. If the “First Harmful Event” is
not a collision between two motor vehicles in-transport it is classified as such.
Additional Information: In the original data files, from 1975 to 1977 sideswipe was coded as 5
but has since been changed to 7. These years are not consistent with the documentation of the
time. Prior to 2015, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element Number was C19.
This data element also appears in the Vehicle and Person data files and in the Parkwork data
file as PMAN_COLL.
SAS Name: MAN_COLL
Attribute Codes
19751977
0
1
2
3
4
--7
9

19782001
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
-9

Not Collision With Motor Vehicle in Transport
Rear-End
Head-On
Rear-to-Rear
Angle
Sideswipe, Same Direction
Sideswipe, Opposite Direction
Sideswipe (May Either Be Same or Opposite Direction)
Unknown

Attribute Codes
20022009
0

2010Later
0

1
2
3
4
5
6
-7
8
9
10
11
-99

1
2
----6
7
8
9
10
11
98
99

Not Collision with Motor Vehicle in Transport (Not Necessarily in Transport for
2005-2009)
Front-to-Rear
Front-to-Front
Angle – Front-to-Side, Same Direction
Angle – Front-to-Side, Opposite Direction
Angle – Front-to-Side, Right Angle (Includes Broadside)
Angle – Front-to-Side/Angle-Direction Not Specified
Angle
Sideswipe – Same Direction
Sideswipe – Opposite Direction
Rear-to-Side
Rear-to-Rear
Other (End-Swipes and Others)
Not Reported
Unknown

More Information on Manner of Collision

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 55

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

The ACCIDENT Data File

C21

Relation to Junction

C21A

Relation to Junction- Within Interchange Area

Definition: This data element identifies the crash's location with respect to presence in an
interchange area. The coding of this data element is done in two sub-fields (see also C20B) and
is based on the location of the “First Harmful Event” of the crash.
Additional Information: Prior to 2015, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element
Number was C20A.
SAS Name: RELJCT1
Attribute Codes
2010-Later
0
No
1
Yes
8
Not Reported
9
Unknown
C21B

Relation to Junction- Specific Location

Definition: This data element identifies the crash's location with respect to presence in or
proximity to components typically in junction or interchange areas. The coding of this data
element is done in two sub-fields (see also C20A) and is based on the location of the “First
Harmful Event” of the crash.
Additional Information: Prior to 2015, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element
Number was C20B.
SAS Name: REL_JUNC
RELJCT2

1975-2009
2010-Later

Attribute Codes
1975-1990
1
Non-Junction
2
Intersection
3
Intersection-Related
4
Intersection Area
5
Driveway, Alley, Access, etc.
6
Entrance/Exit Ramp (Since 1978)
7
Rail Grade Crossing (Since 1979)
8
In Crossover (Since 1980)
9
Unknown

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 56

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

C21B

Relation to Junction- Specific Location

The ACCIDENT Data File

(continued)

Attribute Codes
1991-2009
0 None
NON-INTERCHANGE AREA
1
Non-Junction
2
Intersection
3
Intersection-Related
4
Driveway, Alley Access, etc.
5
Entrance/Exit Ramp-Related
6
Railway Grade Crossing
7
In Crossover
8
Driveway Access Related (Since 2003)
9
Unknown, Non-Interchange
INTERCHANGE AREA
10
Intersection
11
Intersection-Related
12
Driveway Access
13
Entrance/Exit Ramp-Related
14
In Crossover
15
Other Location in Interchange
19
Unknown, Interchange Area
99
Unknown
20102012
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
16
-17
18
19
-98
99

2013
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
16
-17
18
19
20
98
99

2014Later
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
-16
17
18
19
20
98
99

Non-Junction
Intersection
Intersection Related
Driveway Access
Entrance/Exit Ramp Related
Railway Grade Crossing
Crossover Related
Driveway Access Related
Shared-Use Path or Trail
Shared-Use Path Crossing
Acceleration/Deceleration Lane
Through Roadway
Other Location Within Interchange Area
Entrance/Exit Ramp
Not Reported
Unknown

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 57

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

C22

The ACCIDENT Data File

Type of Intersection

Definition: This data element identifies and allows separation of various intersection types.
Additional Information: Prior to 2015, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element
Number was C21.
SAS Name: TYP_INT
Attribute Codes
2010
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
-8
9

2013Later
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
10
98
99

Not an Intersection
Four-Way Intersection
T-Intersection
Y-Intersection
Traffic Circle
Roundabout
Five-Point, or More
L-Intersection
Not Reported
Unknown

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 58

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

C23

The ACCIDENT Data File

Relation to Trafficway

Definition: This data element identifies the location of the crash as it relates to its position
within or outside the trafficway based on the “First Harmful Event.”
Additional Information: Prior to 2015, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element
Number was C22.
SAS Name: REL_ROAD
Attribute Codes
1975-1997
1
On Roadway
2
Shoulder
3
Median
4
Roadside
5
Outside Right-of-way
6
Off Roadway – Location Unknown
7
In Parking Lane (Since 1980)
8
Gore (Since 1982)
9
Unknown
19982009
1
2
3
4
5
-6
7
7
8
10
11
--99

2010Later
1
2
3
4
-5
6
-7
8
10
-11
98
99

On Roadway
On Shoulder
On Median
On Roadside
Outside Trafficway/Outside Right-Of-Way
Outside Trafficway
Off Roadway – Location Unknown
In Parking Lane (1998-2006)
In Parking Lane/Zone (Since 2007)
Gore
Separator
Two-way Continuous Left-Turn Lane (Since 2001)
Continuous Left-Turn Lane
Not Reported
Unknown

More Information on Relation to Trafficway

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 59

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

C24

The ACCIDENT Data File

Work Zone

Definition: This data element identifies a motor vehicle traffic crash in which the first harmful
event occurs within the boundaries of a work zone or on an approach to or exit from a work
zone, resulting from an activity, behavior, or control related to the movement of the traffic units
through the work zone.
Additional Information: This data element identifies a “Work Zone Accident” as defined in
ANSI D16.1, 7th Edition. If the crash qualifies as a "Work Zone Accident" then the type of work
activity is identified. Use of the codes does not imply that the crash was caused by the
construction, maintenance, or work activity.
The data element name was “Construction/Maintenance Zone” from 1975 to 2008. The data
element name has been changed to “Work Zone” since 2009. Prior to 2015, this data element’s
Locator Code or Data Element Number was C23.
SAS Name: C_M_ZONE 1975-2008
WRK_ZONE 2009-Later
Attribute Codes
1975-1979
The data element exists in the data files but has not been initialized. The data was not
collected.
19801981
0
1
2
3
----

19822009
0
1
2
-3
4
--

20102011
0
1
2
-3
4
8

2012Later
0
1
2
-3
4
--

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

None
Construction
Maintenance
Construction or Maintenance
Utility
Work Zone, Type Unknown
Not Reported

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 60

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

C25

The ACCIDENT Data File

Light Condition

Definition: This data element records the type/level of light that existed at the time of the crash
as indicated in the case material.
Additional Information: Prior to 2015, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element
Number was C24.
SAS Name: LGT_COND
Attribute Codes
19751979
1
2
-3
---6
---9

19802008
1
2
-3
-4
5
----9

2009
1
-2
3
-4
5
-6
7
-9

2010Later
1
-2
-3
4
5
-6
7
8
9

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Daylight
Dark
Dark – Not Lighted
Dark but Lighted
Dark – Lighted
Dawn
Dusk
Dawn or Dusk
Dark – Unknown Lighting
Other
Not Reported
Unknown

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 61

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

C26

The ACCIDENT Data File

Atmospheric Conditions

Definition: This data element records the prevailing atmospheric conditions that existed at the
time of the crash as indicated in the case material.
Additional Information: This data element identifies up to two values. If more than two
atmospheric conditions were reported, the two conditions that most affect visibility were
selected. Accident.WEATHER1 and Accident.WEATHER2 are coded data elements, and
Accident.WEATHER is derived from these two.
Prior to 2015, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element Number was C25.
See Appendix B: Rules for Derived Data Elements for an expanded explanation of this data
element and how it is derived.
SAS Name: WEATHER
WEATHER, WEATHER1, WEATHER2

1975-2006
2007-Later

Attribute Codes
19751979
1
----2
-3
---4
---------

19801981
-1
---2
-3
---4
-5
-----8

19822006
--1
---2
-3
--4
-5
-6
-7
-8

20072009
--0
-1
-2
-3
---4
-5
-6
-7
--

20102012
1
--0
-2
---3
-4
--5
-6
-7
--

2013Later
1
--0
-2
----3
4
--5
-6
-7
--

-7
---9

-----9

-----9

8
----9

8
10
11
-98
99

8
10
11
12
98
99

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Clear
Normal
No Adverse Atmospheric Conditions
No Additional Atmospheric Conditions
Clear/Cloud (No Adverse Conditions)
Rain
Rain (Mist)
Sleet
Sleet (Hail)
Sleet, Hail (Freezing Rain or Drizzle)
Sleet, Hail
Snow
Snow or Blowing Snow
Fog
Fog, Smog, Smoke
Rain and Fog
Severe Crosswinds
Sleet and Fog
Blowing Sand, Soil, Dirt
Other: Smog, Smoke, Blowing Sand or
Dust
Other
Cloudy
Blowing Snow
Freezing Rain or Drizzle
Not Reported
Unknown

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 62

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

C27

The ACCIDENT Data File

School Bus Related

Definition: This data element identifies if a school bus, or motor vehicle functioning as a school
bus, is related to the crash.
Additional Information: A school bus crash is (1) a motor vehicle crash in which a school bus,
with or without a pupil on board, is involved directly as a contact vehicle, or (2) a motor vehicle
crash or an other-road-vehicle crash in which a school bus, with or without a pupil or board, is
involved indirectly as a non-contact vehicle.
Prior to 2015, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element Number was C26.
This data element also appears on the Person data file.
SAS Name: SCH_BUS
Attribute Codes
19772009
0
1
--

20102012
0
1
8

2013Later
0
1
--

No
Yes
Not Reported

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 63

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

C28

The ACCIDENT Data File

Rail Grade Crossing Identifier

Definition: This data element identifies if the crash occurred in or near a rail grade crossing.
Additional Information: Prior to 2015, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element
Number was C27.
SAS Name: RAIL
Attribute Codes
1979-Later
0000000
xxxxxxA
9999999

Not Applicable
Six Digits Followed by One Alphabetic Valid F.R.A. Code
Unknown

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 64

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

C29

Notification Time EMS

C29A

Hour of Notification

The ACCIDENT Data File

Definition: This data element records the hour that emergency medical service was notified.
Additional Information: All time is 24-hour military time.
Prior to 2015, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element Number was C28A.
SAS Name: NOT_HOUR
19751998
0-24
0
-99
--

C29B

19992008
0-24
0
-99
99

2009Later
0-23
-88
99
99

Hour
Not Applicable or Not Notified (when NOT_MIN = 00)
Not Applicable or Not Notified
Unknown Hour
Unknown if Notified (when NOT_MIN = 98)

Minute of Notification

Definition: This data element records the minutes after the hour that emergency medical
service was notified.
Additional Information: Prior to 2015, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element
Number was C28B.
SAS Name: NOT_MIN
19751998
0-59
0
--99

19992008
0-59
0
-98
99

2009Later
0-59
-88
98
99

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Minute
Not Applicable or Not Notified (when NOT_HOUR = 00)
Not Applicable or Not Notified
Unknown if Notified
Unknown Minutes

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 65

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

C30

Arrival Time EMS

C30A

Hour of Arrival at Scene

The ACCIDENT Data File

Definition: This data element records the hour that emergency medical service arrived on the
crash scene.
Additional Information: All time is 24-hour military time.
The time of the crash/arrival of the emergency medical service can occur in a different day than
the arrival of emergency medical service at the crash scene/hospital.
Prior to 2015, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element Number was C29A.
SAS Name: ARR_HOUR
19751998
0-24
0
--99
---

C30B

19992008
0-24
-0
-99
99
99

2009Later
0-23
--88
99
99
99

Hour
Not Notified or Officially Cancelled (when ARR_MIN = 00)
Not Notified (when ARR_MIN = 00)
Not Applicable or Not Notified
Unknown Hour
Officially Cancelled (when ARR_MIN = 97)
Unknown if Arrived (when ARR_MIN = 98)

Minute of Arrival at Scene

Definition: This data element records the minutes after the hour that emergency medical
service arrived on the crash scene.
Additional Information: The time of the crash/arrival of the emergency medical service can
occur in a different day than the arrival of emergency medical service at the crash
scene/hospital.
Prior to 2015, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element Number was C29B.
SAS Name: ARR_MIN
19751998
0-59
0
----99

19992008
0-59
-0
-97
98
99

2009Later
0-59

-88
97
98
99

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Minute
Not Notified or Officially Cancelled
(when ARR_HOUR = 00)
Not Notified (when ARR_HOUR = 00)
Not Applicable or Not Notified
Officially Cancelled
Unknown if Arrived
Unknown Minutes

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 66

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

The ACCIDENT Data File

C31

EMS Time at Hospital

C31A

Hour of EMS Arrival at Hospital

Definition: This data element records the hour that emergency medical service arrived at the
treatment facility to which it was transporting victims of the crash.
Additional Information: All time is 24-hour military time.
The time of the crash/arrival of the emergency medical service can occur in a different day than
the arrival of emergency medical service at the crash scene/hospital.
Prior to 2015, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element Number was C30A.
SAS Name: HOSP_HR
19871998
0-24
0
--99
---

C31B

19992008
0-24
--

2009Later
0-23
--

0
-99
99
99

-88
99
99
99

Hour
Not Notified, Officially Cancelled or Not Transported
(when HOSP_MIN = 00)
Not Notified or Not Transported (when HOSP_MIN = 00)
Not Applicable or Not Notified
Unknown Hour
Officially Cancelled (when HOSP_MIN = 97)
Unknown if Transported (when HOSP_MIN = 98)

Minute of EMS Arrival at Hospital

Definition: This data element records the minutes after the hour that emergency medical
service arrived at the treatment facility to which it was transporting victims of the crash.
Additional Information: The time of the crash/arrival of the emergency medical service can
occur in a different day than the arrival of emergency medical service at the crash
scene/hospital.
Prior to 2015, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element Number was C30B.
SAS Name: HOSP_MIN
19871998
0-59
0
-----99

19992008
0-59
-0
-96
97
98
99

2009Later
0-59
--88
96
97
98
99

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Minute
Not Notified, Officially Cancelled or Not Transported
(when HOSP_HR = 00)
Not Notified or Not Transported (when HOSP_HR = 00)
Not Applicable or Not Notified
Terminated Transport
Officially Cancelled
Unknown if Transported
Unknown Minutes

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 67

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

C32

The ACCIDENT Data File

Related Factors- Crash Level

Definition: This data element records factors related to the crash expressed by the
investigating officer.
Additional Information: There are also vehicle-level related factors in the Vehicle data file
(VEH_SC1 and VEH_SC2), driver-level related factors, also in the Vehicle data file (DR_SF1,
DR_SF2, DR_SF3 and DR_SF4), and person-level related factors in the Person data file
(P_SF1, P_SF2, and P_SF3).
The FARS analyst may have used any of the three data elements to code a related factor. One
must test all three data elements to ensure that the selected related factor is included.
Note: Starting in 1982, many of the “Related Factors-Crash Level” attributes, values 01-29, are
coded as “Related Factors-Driver Level” attributes, values 61-87, in the Vehicle data file.
Prior to 2015, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element Number was C31.
SAS Name: CF1, CF2, CF3
Attribute Codes
1975-1981
0
None
VISION OBSCURED BY:
1
Rain, Snow, Fog, Smoke, Sand, Dust (i.e., Weather Conditions)
2
Reflected Glare, Bright Sunlight, Headlights
3
Curve, Hill or Other Design Features (Including Traffic Signs, Embankments)
4
Building, Billboard, etc.
5
Trees, Crops, Vegetation
6
Moving Vehicle (Including Load)
7
Parked Vehicle
8
Other Object Not Classified Above
SWERVING DUE TO:
20
Severe Crosswind
21
Wind From Passing Truck
22
Slippery Surface
23
Avoiding Debris or Objects in Road
24
Ruts, Holes, Bumps, in Road
25
Avoiding Animals in Road
26
Avoiding Vehicle in Road
27
Avoiding Phantom Vehicle
28
Avoiding Pedestrian, Pedalcyclist, Other Non-Motorist in Road
29
Avoiding Water, Snow, Oil Slick on Road
ROADWAY FEATURES:
40
Traffic Controls Not Functioning Properly
41
Inadequate Warning of Exits, Lanes Narrowing, Traffic Controls, etc.
42
Uncontrolled Intersection or Railroad Crossing
43
Shoulder Too Low or High
44
Shoulders Too Narrow or No Shoulders for Emergency Use
47
Other Construction

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 68

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

C31

Related Factors- Crash Level

The ACCIDENT Data File

(continued)

Attribute Codes
1975-1981
48
No or Obscured Pavement Markings
49
Surface Underwater (Since 1979)
50
Inadequate Construction or Poor Design of Roadway, Bridge, etc. (Since 1979)
51
Surface Washed Out (Caved in, Road Slippage, Since 1979)
99
Unknown
19822012
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
13
14

2013Later
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
13
14

15

15

16
17
18

16
17
18

19
20
21
22

19
20
21
22

23
24

23
24

25
----99

-25
26
27
28
99

None
Inadequate Warning of Exits, Lanes Narrowing, Traffic Controls etc.
Shoulder Related (Design or Condition, Since 2002)
Other Maintenance or Construction-Created Condition
No or Obscured Pavement Marking
Surface Under Water
Inadequate Construction or Poor Design of Roadway, Bridge, etc.
Surface Washed Out (Caved in, Road Slippage)
Aggressive Driving/Road Rage by Non-Contact Vehicle Driver (Since 2006)
Motor Vehicle (In Transport 1983-2004) Struck By Falling Cargo or
Something That Came Loose From or Something That Was Set in Motion By
a Vehicle
(Since 1983)
Non-Occupant Struck By Falling Cargo, or Something Came Loose From or
Something That Was Set In Motion By A Vehicle (Since 1983)
Non-Occupant Struck Vehicle (Since 1983)
Vehicle Set In Motion By Non-Driver (Since 1983)
Date of Crash and Date of EMS Notification Were Not Same Day (Since
1988)
Recent Previous Crash Scene Nearby (Since 1989)
Police-Pursuit-Involved (Since 1994)
Within Designated School Zone (Since 1995)
Speed Limit Is a Statutory Limit as Recorded or Was Determined as This
State’s “Basic Rule” (Since 1999)
Indication of a Stalled/Disabled Vehicle (Since 2008)
Unstabilized Situation Began and All Harmful Events Occurred Off of the
Roadway (Since 2012)
Toll Plaza Related (2012 Only)
Toll Booth/Plaza Related
Backup Due to Prior Non-Recurring Incident
Backup Due to Prior Crash
Backup Due to Regular Congestion
Unknown

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C101

The ACCIDENT Data File

Fatalities

Definition: This data element records the number of fatally injured persons in the crash.
Additional Information: The data element is derived by counting all persons with “Injury
Severity” of 4 in the crash. The data element “Fatalities in Vehicle” in the Vehicle data file
provides the number of deaths in a vehicle.
SAS Name: FATALS
Attribute Codes
1975-Later
1-99
Number of Fatalities that Occurred in the Crash

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The ACCIDENT Data File

Discontinued ACCIDENT Data Elements

Federal Highway

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element was discontinued after 1993.
Additional Information: The data element is in the data file, but was not initialized prior to
1978, i.e., no data exists for this data element. This may be due to the extensive revisions by
the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) in 1977, which caused extensive modifications to
this field for all data before 1978.
SAS Name:
TA_1_CL
FED_AID

1975-1981
1982-1993

Attribute Codes
19751977
--------------

19781981
1
2
-3
-4
-5
-6
7
8
9

19821986
1
2
-3
-4
-5
-6
7
8
9

1987
1993
1
-2
-3
-4
-5
---9

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Interstate
Other Federal Aid Primary
Federal Aid Primary (Other Than Interstate)
Federal Aid Secondary
Federal Aid Urban
Federal Aid Urban Arterials
Federal Aid Secondary (Rural Only)
Federal Aid Urban Collectors
Non-Federal Aid
Non-Federal Aid Arterials
Non-Federal Aid Collectors
Non-Federal Aid Local
Unknown

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Hit and Run

The ACCIDENT Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies whether this vehicle was a contact vehicle in the crash
that did not stop to render aid (this can include drivers who flee the scene on foot). Hit and run
is coded when a motor vehicle in-transport, or its driver, departs from the scene; vehicles not intransport are excluded. It does not matter whether the hit-and-run vehicle was striking or struck.
Additional Information: From 1975 to 1981 if no information was known about the Hit-andRun vehicle and/or driver, the vehicle form and/or driver form were not filled out and were not
counted as unknown. Starting in 1982 both a vehicle and a driver form were filled out and the
data were identified as unknown. This is why, for example, there were approximately only 20 to
40 drivers with unknown sex listed in the FARS data file from 1975 to 1981 and 700 to 1,000
drivers with unknown sex from 1982 on.
In 2009, this data element was no longer collected at the Accident level and is now collected at
the Vehicle level.
SAS Name: HIT_RUN
Attribute Codes
19751976
0
-1
-2
------

19771981
-0
1
--2
-3
---

19822008
-0
-1
--2
-3
4

---

---

4
5

---

---

5
5

Not Applicable
No Hit-and-Run
With Motor Vehicle
Hit Motor Vehicle in Transport
With Non-Occupant
Hit Non-Motorist
Hit Pedestrian or Non-Motorist
Left Scene
Hit Parked Vehicle (Working Vehicle, Since 2004) or Object
Occupant Is Struck by or Fell From Own Hit-and-Run Vehicle
(2002 Only)
Driver Leaves Scene after Non-Collision Event (Since 2004)
Driver/Occupant Leaves Scene after a Non-Collision Event
(2003 Only)
Other Involved Person, not a driver, left Scene (2005-2006)
Hit-and-Run, Other Involved Person Left Scene (Since 2007)

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Land Use

The ACCIDENT Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element was discontinued after 1986.
Additional Information: The data element LAND_USE is defined by the Federal Highway
Administration and does not necessarily coincide with the U.S. Census Bureau's definition or
any other definition of urban or rural. It has been determined there are errors in the 1975 and
1976 data for this data element; consequently, care should be taken when comparing data over
several years.
From 1987 to 2014, urban and rural classifications can be obtained from the data element
Roadway Function Class. Beginning in 2015, the data element Land Use (RUR_URB) was
reintroduced.
SAS Name: LAND_USE
Attribute Codes
1975-1986
1
Urban
2
Rural
9
Unknown

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Number of Drinking Drivers

The ACCIDENT Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element records the number of drinking drivers involved in the crash.
Additional Information: This data element is derived from data elements in the Person data
files. If the blood alcohol concentration (BAC) is positive, or if the police reported alcohol
involvement, then the driver is counted as a drinking driver.
A driver who is charged with an alcohol violation by itself does not have the driver counted as a
drinking driver.
In the early years of FARS, especially 1975 and 1976, the alcohol data must be used with care.
In these two years no drinking drivers were identified for North Dakota. In 1975 and 1976
Alabama, Mississippi, New Mexico, North Carolina, Texas, and West Virginia have a reported
drinking driver rate for fatal crashes of less than 5 percent. In 1979 the data from these States
reports a drinking driver rate for fatal crashes between 18.5 percent and 43 percent.
From 1999 through 2007, this data element was incorrectly derived for all person types rather
than based on Drivers only. Beginning with the 2008 Final FARS data file, this element has
been derived for Drivers only. For consistency, the number of drinking drivers should be derived
manually when trying to obtain this data from 1999 to 2007 – refer to the DRUNK_DR Logic
Derivation for “1975-1998 and 2008-2014” in Appendix B: Rules for Derived Data Elements.
Prior to 2015, this data element was called “Drunk Drivers.” The former data element name
implied that the individuals were drunk, however, this data element actually captures those
individuals whom the police reported alcohol involvement OR who tested positive for alcohol
(i.e., their blood alcohol concentration was .01 g/dL or greater prior to 2015 or .001 g/dL or
greater for 2015 and later).
NOTES:
• Alcohol data is often missing. For that reason this data element may undercount the
actual number of drinking drivers.
• The change to a three-digit BAC in 2015 means that a BAC of .001 or greater qualifies
as a drinking driver whereas prior to 2015 a BAC of .01 or greater qualified as a drinking
driver. This may have ramifications for trend analyses.
This data element, formerly C100, was discontinued after 2015.
SAS Name: DRUNK_DR
Attribute Codes
1975-2015
0-99
Number of Drinking Drivers Involved in the Fatal Crash

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Roadway Alignment

The ACCIDENT Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies the attribute that best represents the roadway
alignment prior to this vehicle’s critical precrash event, based on the case materials.
Additional Information: In 2010, this data element was no longer collected at the Accident
level. It is now collected at the Vehicle level and appears on the Vehicle data file as VALIGN.
SAS Name: ALIGNMNT
Attribute Codes
1975-2009
1
Straight
2
Curved
9
Unknown

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Roadway Function Class

The ACCIDENT Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies the functional classification of the trafficway on which
the crash occurred.
Additional Information: This data element also appears in the Person data file. This data
element was discontinued in 2015.
SAS Name: ROAD_FNC
Attribute Codes
1975-1980
This data element is included in the format, but is not initialized. Do not use it.
1981-1986
1
Principal Arterial – Interstate
2
Principal Arterial – Other Urban Freeways and Expressways
3
Principal Arterial – Other
4
Minor Arterial
5
Urban Collector
6
Major Rural Collector
7
Minor Rural Collector
8
Local Road or Street
9
Unknown
1987-Later
RURAL
1
Principal Arterial – Interstate
2
Principal Arterial – Other
3
Minor Arterial
4
Major Collector
5
Minor Collector
6
Local Road or Street
9
Unknown
URBAN
11
Principal Arterial – Interstate
12
Principal Arterial – Other Freeways or Expressways
13
Other Principal Arterial
14
Minor Arterial
15
Collector
16
Local Road or Street
19
Unknown
99

Unknown

More Information on Roadway Function Class and Land Use

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Roadway Profile

The ACCIDENT Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies the attribute that best represents the roadway grade
prior to this vehicle’s critical precrash event, based on the case materials.
Additional Information: In 2010, this data element was no longer collected at the Accident
level. It is now collected at the Vehicle level and appears on the Vehicle data file as VPROFILE.
SAS Name: PROFILE
Attribute Codes
1975-1981
1
Level
2
Grade
9
Unknown
1982-2009
1
Level
2
Grade
3
Hillcrest
4
Sag
9
Unknown

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Roadway Surface Condition

The ACCIDENT Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies the attribute that best represents the roadway surface
condition prior to this vehicle’s critical precrash event, based on the case materials.
Additional Information: In 2010, this data element was no longer collected at the Accident
level. It is now collected at the Vehicle level and appears on the Vehicle data file as
VSURCOND.
SAS Name: SUR_COND
Attribute Codes
19752006
1
2
3
4
-5
---8
9

20072009
1
2
3
-4
-5
6
7
8
9

Dry
Wet
Snow or Slush
Ice
Ice/Frost
Sand, Dirt, Oil
Sand, Dirt, Mud, Gravel
Water (Standing or Moving)
Oil
Other
Unknown

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Roadway Surface Type

The ACCIDENT Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies the attribute that best represents the roadway surface
type prior to this vehicle’s critical precrash event, based on the case materials.
Additional Information: In 2010, this data element was no longer collected at the Accident
level. It is now collected at the Vehicle level and appears on the Vehicle data file as
VPAVETYP.
SAS Name: PAVE_TYP
Attribute Codes
1975-2009
1
Concrete
2
Blacktop, Bituminous, or Asphalt
3
Brick or Block
4
Slag, Gravel or Stone
5
Dirt
8
Other
9
Unknown

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Speed Limit

The ACCIDENT Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies the attribute that best represents the posted speed limit
just prior to this vehicle’s critical precrash event, based on the case materials.
Additional Information: In 2010, this data element was no longer collected at the Accident
level. It is now collected at the Vehicle level and appears on the Vehicle data file as VSPD_LIM.
SAS Name: SP_LIMIT
Attribute Codes
19751976
1-94
95
96
98
99

19771978
1-94
95
96
-99

1979
1-98
---99

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

19802009
1-98
-0
-99

Speed Limit (mph)
Speed Limit Is 95 mph or Greater
No Statutory Limit
Not Reportable
Unknown

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Total Lanes in Roadway

The ACCIDENT Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies the attribute that best describes the number of travel
lanes just prior to this vehicle’s critical precrash event, based on the case materials.
Additional Information: The number of lanes refers to the number of lanes of a continuous
cross-section of roadway. For example, a local roadway with one lane going north and one lane
going south would be coded as two lanes. However, if a trafficway is a divided highway, with
two lanes going north, a median, and two lanes going south, then the number of lanes is coded
as two. If a trafficway has two lanes going north immediately adjacent to two lanes going south,
one continuous cross-section of roadway, then the number of lanes is coded as four. This data
element can be used with the trafficway flow data element TRAF_FLO to determine the
trafficway geometry. For example: If (NO_LANES EQ 2) AND (TRAF_FLO EQ 1), then one
has a two-lane roadway that is not physically divided, that is what most people think of as a twolane road, one lane going in each direction.
In 2010, this data element was no longer collected at the Accident level. It is now collected at
the Vehicle level and appears on the Vehicle data file as VNUM_LAN.
SAS Name: NO_LANES
Attribute Codes
19751979
1
2
3
4
5
6
-9

19802009
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
9

One Lane
Two Lanes
Three Lanes
Four Lanes
Five Lanes
Six or More Lanes
Seven or More Lanes
Unknown

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Traffic Control Device

The ACCIDENT Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies the attribute that best describes the traffic controls in
the vehicle's environment just prior to this vehicle's critical precrash event, based on the case
materials.
Additional Information: In 2010, this data element was no longer collected at the Accident
level. It is now collected at the Vehicle level and appears on the Vehicle data file as
VTRAFCON.
SAS Name: TRA_CONT
Attribute Codes
1975-1981
0
No Controls
1
Flashing Traffic Signals
2
On Colors Traffic Signal
3
Stop Sign
4
Yield Sign
5
Physically Controlled Railroad Crossing
6
Stop Sign for Railroad Crossing
7
Other Railroad Crossing
8
School Zone Sign
9
Traffic Controls Not Functioning
10
Pedestrian Signal (Since 1978)
98
Other
99
Unknown
1982-2009
0
No Controls
NOT AT RAILROAD GRADE CROSSINGS
HIGHWAY TRAFFIC SIGNALS
1
Traffic Control Signal (On Colors) Without Pedestrian Signal
2
Traffic Control (On Colors) With Pedestrian Signal
3
Traffic Control Signal (On Colors) Not Known if Pedestrian Signal
4
Flashing Traffic Control Signal
5
Flashing Beacon
6
Flashing Highway Traffic Signal, Type Unknown, or Other
7
Lane Use Control Signal
8
Other Highway Traffic Signal
9
Unknown Highway Traffic Signal

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Traffic Control Device

The ACCIDENT Data File

(continued)

Attribute Codes
1982-2009
REGULATORY SIGNS
20
Stop Sign
21
Yield Sign
28
Other Regulatory Sign
29
Unknown Type Regulatory Sign
SCHOOL ZONE SIGNS
30
School Speed Limit Sign
31
School Advance or Crossing Sign
38
Other School-Related Sign
39
Unknown Type School Zone Sign
WARNING SIGN
40
Warning Sign
41
Electronic Warning Sign (Since 2002)
MISCELLANEOUS NOT AT RAILROAD CROSSING
50
Officer, Crossing Guard, Flagman, etc.
AT RAILROAD GRADE CROSSINGS
ACTIVE DEVICES
60
Gates
61
Flashing Lights
62
Traffic Control Signal
63
Wigwags
64
Bells
68
Other Train-Activated Device
69
Active Device, Type Unknown
PASSIVE DEVICES
70
Cross Bucks
71
Stop Sign
72
Other Railroad Crossing Sign
73
Special Warning Device Watchman, Flagged By Crew
78
Other Passive Device
79
Passive Device, Type Unknown
MISCELLANEOUS DEVICES AT RAILROAD CROSSING
80
Grade Crossing Controlled, Type Unknown
WHETHER OR NOT AT RAILROAD GRADE CROSSING
98
Other
99
Unknown

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Traffic Control Device Functioning

The ACCIDENT Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies the functionality of the traffic control device recorded for
this vehicle in the data element Traffic Control Device.
Additional Information: Data not collected prior to 1982.
In 2010, this data element was no longer collected at the Accident level. It is now collected at
the Vehicle level and appears on the Vehicle data file as VTCONT_F.
SAS Name: T_CONT_F
Attribute Codes
1982-2009
0
No Controls
1
Device Not Functioning
2
Device Functioning – Functioning Improperly
3
Device Functioning Properly
9
Unknown

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Trafficway Description

The ACCIDENT Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies the attribute that best describes the trafficway flow just
prior to this vehicle’s critical precrash event, based on the case materials.
Additional Information: In 1975 and 1976 all divided highway traffic is coded as Level Data
element 3, i.e., divided highway, other barrier or barrier type unknown. There is no distinction
made among median strips, guardrails and other barriers for these two years.
Prior to 2010, this data element was called Trafficway Flow. In 2010, this data element was no
longer collected at the Accident level. It is now collected at the Vehicle level and appears on the
Vehicle data file as VTRAFWAY.
SAS Name: ROAD_FLO
TWAY_FLO
TRAF_FLO

1975-1981
1982-1986
1987-2009

Attribute Codes
1975-1981
1
Divided Highway, Median Strip (Since 1977)
2
Divided Highway, Guardrail (Since 1977)
3
Divided Highway, Other Barrier or Barrier Type Unknown
4
Not Physically Divided
5
One Way Traffic
9
Unknown
19821986
1
2
3
4
--

19872002
1
2
3
4
5

20032009
1
2
3
4
--

--9

--9

5
6
9

Not Physically Divided (Two-Way Trafficway)
Divided Highway, Median Strip (Without Traffic Barrier)
Divided Highway, Median Strip (With Traffic Barrier)
One-Way Trafficway
Divided Highway, Median Strip (With Two-Way Continuous LeftTurn Lane, Since 2001)
Not Physically Divided (With Two-Way Continuous Left-Turn Lane)
Entrance/Exit Ramp
Unknown

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Vehicles in Transport

The ACCIDENT Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element counts the number of vehicles in-transport involved in the crash.
Legally parked vehicles are not included.
Additional Information: This data element was discontinued after 1981.
SAS Name: VEHICLES
Attribute Codes
1976-1981
01-99

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The VEHICLE Data File

The VEHICLE Data File
The Vehicle data file includes in-transport motor vehicle data as well as driver and precrash
data. It contains the data elements ST_CASE, STATE, and VEH_NO, which are described in
the beginning of the Data Element Definitions and Codes section. The Vehicle data file also
contains the data elements on the following pages.
ST_CASE and VEH_NO are the unique identifiers for each record. ST_CASE should be used
to merge the Vehicle data file with the Accident data file. ST_CASE and VEH_NO should be
used to merge the Vehicle data file with other vehicle-level data files and the Person data file.

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V4

The VEHICLE Data File

Number of Occupants

Definition: This data element is a count of the number of occupants in this vehicle.
Additional Information: All, some, or none of the individuals may have died in the crash.
This data element also appears in the Parkwork data file as PNUMOCCS.
SAS Name: OCUPANTS
NUMOCCS

1975-2008
2009-Later

Attribute Codes
19752008
0
1-95
96
97
-99

20092015
0
1-95
96
-98
99

2016Later
0
1-98
---99

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

None
Actual Number of Occupants in The Vehicle
96 or More Occupants in The Vehicle
Unknown – Only Injured Reported
Not Reported (2010 Only)
Unknown

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V5

The VEHICLE Data File

Unit Type

Definition: This data element identifies the type of unit that applies to this motor vehicle at the
time it became an involved vehicle in the crash and was reported as a unit on the PAR.
Additional Information: This data element also appears in the Parkwork data file as PTYPE.
The valid attributes for PTYPE are:
2
Motor Vehicle Not in Transport Within the Trafficway
3
Motor Vehicle Not in Transport Outside the Trafficway
4
Working Motor Vehicle (Highway Construction, Maintenance, Utility Only)
SAS Name: UNITTYPE
Attribute Codes
20052007
1
--

2008Later
-1

Motor Vehicle in Transport
Motor Vehicle in Transport (Inside or Outside the Trafficway)

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V6

The VEHICLE Data File

Hit and Run

Definition: This data element identifies whether this vehicle was a contact vehicle in the crash
that did not stop to render aid (this can include drivers who flee the scene on foot). Hit and run
is coded when a motor vehicle in-transport, or its driver, departs from the scene; vehicles not intransport are excluded. It does not matter whether the hit-and-run vehicle was striking or struck.
Additional Information: From 1975 to 1981 if no information was known about the Hit-andRun vehicle and/or driver, the vehicle form and/or driver form were not filled out and were not
counted as unknown. Starting in 1982 both a vehicle and a driver form were filled out and the
data were identified as unknown. This is why, for example, there were approximately only 20 to
40 drivers with unknown sex listed in the FARS data file from 1975 to 1981 and more than 700
drivers with unknown sex from 1982 on.
This data element was removed from Accident data file in 2009.
This data element also appears in the Parkwork data file as PHIT_RUN.
SAS Name: HIT_RUN
Attribute Codes
19751976
0
-1
-2
------

19771981
-0
1
--2
-3
---

19822008
-0
-1
--2
-3
4

---

---

4
5

---

---

5
5

2009
0
1
-9

20102011
0
1
8
9

2012Later
0
1
-9

Not Applicable
No Hit-and-Run
With Motor Vehicle
Hit Motor Vehicle in Transport
With Non-Occupant
Hit Non-Motorist
Hit Pedestrian or Non-Motorist
Left Scene
Hit Parked Vehicle (Working Vehicle, Since 2004) or Object
Occupant Is Struck by or Fell From Own Hit-and-Run Vehicle
(2002 Only)
Driver Leaves Scene after Non-Collision Event (Since 2004)
Driver/Occupant Leaves Scene after a Non-Collision Event
(2003 Only)
Other Involved Person, not a driver, left Scene (2005-2006)
Hit-and-Run, Other Involved Person Left Scene (Since 2007)

No
Yes
Not Reported
Unknown

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V7

The VEHICLE Data File

Registration State

Definition: This element identifies the state in which this vehicle was registered.
Additional Information: For multiple state registrations prior to 1997 the value is 94. In 1997,
values 93 and 94 were combined into 93. After 1997, the value for multiple state registrations is
93.
This variable also appears in the Parkwork data set as PREG_STAT.
SAS Name: REG_STAT
Attribute Codes
1975-Later
1 Alabama
2 Alaska
3 American Samoa
4 Arizona
5 Arkansas
6 California
8 Colorado
9 Connecticut
10 Delaware
11 District of Columbia
12 Florida
13 Georgia
14 Guam
15 Hawaii
16 Idaho
17 Illinois
18 Indiana
19 Iowa
20 Kansas
21 Kentucky
22 Louisiana
23 Maine
24 Maryland
25 Massachusetts
26 Michigan
27 Minnesota
28 Mississippi
29 Missouri

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30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56

Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Puerto Rico
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Virgin Islands (Since 2004)
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming

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V7

Registration State

The VEHICLE Data File

(continued)

Attribute Codes
19752007
--92
93
94
-95
-96
-97
-98
-99

20082009
--92
93
-94
-95
-96
-97
-98
99

2010Later
0
91
92
93
-94
-95
-96
-97
-98
99

Not Applicable
Not Reported
No Registration
Multiple State Registrations
Multiple State Registrations - Out-of-State (1975-1996)
U.S. Government Tags (Includes Military)
U.S. Government Tags
Canada
Military Vehicle
Mexico
Foreign Country
Other Foreign Country
Other Registration
Other Registration (Includes Native American Indian Nations)
Unknown

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V8

The VEHICLE Data File

Registered Vehicle Owner

Definition: This data element identifies the type of registered owner of the vehicle.
Additional Information: This data element also appears in the Parkwork data file as
POWNER.
SAS Name: OWNER
Attribute Codes
19912007
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
-9

2008Later
0
1
2
3
4
5
-6
9

Not Applicable, Vehicle Not Registered
Driver (of This Vehicle) Was Registered Owner
Driver (of This Vehicle) Not Registered Owner (Other Private Owner)
Vehicle Registered as Business/Company/Government Vehicle
Vehicle Registered as Rental Vehicle
Vehicle Was Stolen (Reported By Police)
Driverless Vehicle
Driverless/Motor Vehicle Parked/Stopped Off Roadway
Unknown

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The VEHICLE Data File

Vehicle Make

Definition: This data element identifies the make (manufacturer) of this vehicle.
Additional Information: This data element also appears in the Person data file and in the
Parkwork data file as PMAKE.
SAS Name: MAKE
Attribute Codes
1975-1990
1
American Motors
2
Jeep
3
AM General
6
Chrysler
7
Dodge
8
Imperial
9
Plymouth
10
Eagle (Since 1988)
12
Ford
13
Lincoln
14
Mercury
18
Buick
19
Cadillac
20
Chevrolet
21
Oldsmobile
22
Pontiac
23
GMC
29
Other Domestic
30
Volkswagen
31
Alfa Romeo
32
Audi
33
Austin-Healey
35
Datsun
36
Fiat
37
Honda
38
Isuzu
39
Jaguar
40
Lancia
41
Mazda
42
Mercedes-Benz
43
MG
44
Peugeot
45
Porsche
46
Renault
47
Saab
48
Subaru

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V9

Vehicle Make

The VEHICLE Data File

(continued)

Attribute Codes
1975-1990
49
Toyota
50
Triumph
51
Volvo
52
Mitsubishi (Since 1982)
53
Suzuki (Since 1987)
57
Lexus (Since 1988)
58
Infiniti (Since 1988)
59
Other Imports
60
BSA
61
Ducati
62
Harley-Davidson
63
Kawasaki
64
Moto Guzzi
65
Norton
67
Yamaha
69
Other Motor Cycle
70
Moped
80
Brockway
81
Diamond Reo
82
Freightliner
83
FWD
84
International Harvester
85
Kenworth
86
Mack
87
Peterbilt
88
White
95
Other Truck/Bus
98
Other Make
99
Unknown Make
1991-Later
1
American Motors
2
Jeep/Kaiser-Jeep/Willys Jeep
3
AM General
6
Chrysler
7
Dodge
8
Imperial
9
Plymouth
10
Eagle
12
Ford
13
Lincoln
14
Mercury
18
Buick/Opel
19
Cadillac

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V9

Vehicle Make

The VEHICLE Data File

(continued)

Attribute Codes
1991-Later
20
Chevrolet
21
Oldsmobile
22
Pontiac
23
GMC
24
Saturn
25
Grumman
26
Coda (Since 2013)
29
Other Domestic
Avanti
Checker
DeSoto
Excalibur
Hudson
Packard
Panoz
Saleen
Studebaker
Stutz
Tesla (Since 2014)
30
Volkswagen
31
Alfa Romeo
32
Audi
33
Austin/Austin Healey
34
BMW
35
Datsun/Nissan
36
Fiat
37
Honda
38
Isuzu
39
Jaguar
40
Lancia
41
Mazda
42
Mercedes-Benz
43
MG
44
Peugeot
45
Porsche
46
Renault
47
Saab
48
Subaru
49
Toyota
50
Triumph
51
Volvo
52
Mitsubishi
53
Suzuki
54
Acura
55
Hyundai

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V9

Vehicle Make

The VEHICLE Data File

(continued)

Attribute Codes
1991-Later
56
Merkur
57
Yugo
58
Infiniti
59
Lexus
60
Daihatsu
61
Sterling
62
Land Rover
63
Kia
64
Daewoo
65
Smart (Since 2010)
66
Mahindra (2011-2013)
67
Scion (Since 2012)
69
Other Imports
Aston Martin
Bentley
Bertone
Bricklin
Bugatti
Caterham
Citroen
DeLorean
Desta
Ferrari
Fisker
Gazelle
Hillman
Jensen
Koenigsegg
Lada
Lamborghini
Lotus
Mahindra (Since 2013)
Maserati
Maybach
McLaren
Mini Cooper
Morgan
Morris
Reliant (British)
Rolls-Royce
Simca
Singer
Spyker
Sunbeam
TVR

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V9

Vehicle Make

The VEHICLE Data File

(continued)

Attribute Codes
1991-Later
70
BSA
71
Ducati
72
Harley-Davidson
73
Kawasaki
74
Moto Guzzi
75
Norton
76
Yamaha
77
Victory
78
Other Make Moped (Since 2010)
79
Other Make Motored Cycle (Since 2010)
80
Brockway
81
Diamond Reo/Reo
82
Freightliner
83
FWD
84
International Harvester/Navistar
85
Kenworth
86
Mack
87
Peterbilt
88
Iveco/Magirus
89
White/Autocar, White/GMC
90
Bluebird
91
Eagle Coach
92
Gillig
93
MCI
94
Thomas Built
97
Not Reported (Since 2010)
98
Other Make
Auto-Union-DKW
Carpenter
Collins Bus
DINA
Divco
Hino
Mid Bus
Neoplan
Orion
Oshkosh
Scania
Sterling
UD
Van Hool
Western Star
99
Unknown Make

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V10

The VEHICLE Data File

Vehicle Model

Definition: This data element identifies the model of this vehicle within a given make.
Additional Information: This data element also appears in the Person data file and in the
Parkwork data file as PMODEL.
SAS Name: MODEL
Attribute Codes
1975-Later
See the current FARS/CRSS Coding and Validation Manual for vehicle model codes.

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V11

The VEHICLE Data File

Body Type

Definition: This data element identifies a classification of this vehicle based on its general body
configuration, size, shape, doors, etc.
Additional Information: This data element also appears in the Person data file and in the
Parkwork data file as PBODYTYP.
1975-1981: Within the yearly NHTSA report Fatal Accident Reporting System, the term "Light
Trucks" includes Vans.
The body type data do not track with the original documentation. For example, the
documentation states that BODY_TYP EQ 7 is for utility vehicles. However, when the data files
are examined one sees that BODY_TYP EQ 43 is the value that will provide the desired result.
The data files have been modified to make the early years for this data element compatible with
1981.
Note: Utility vehicles are also part of the light truck category
Note: BODY_TYP 40, large limousines, are not included as part of Passenger Cars or
Passenger Vehicles.
1982-1990: Within the yearly NHTSA report Fatal Accident Report System, the term “Light
Truck” includes Vans. Utility vehicles are also part of the light-truck category.
Note: BODY_TYP 13, large limousines and BODY_TYP 14, three-wheel automobiles or
automobile derivatives, are not included as part of Passenger Cars or Passenger Vehicles.
Note: A single-unit truck that tows another vehicle, or a bobtail by itself, is considered a
combination truck.
1991-Later: Within the yearly NHTSA publication Traffic Safety Facts, the term "Light Trucks"
includes Vans.
Note: BODY_TYP 12, large limousines and BODY_TYP 13, three-wheel automobiles or
automobile derivatives, are not included as part of Passenger Cars or Passenger Vehicles.
When defining School Buses 1993 and later be sure to include the new body type 24 (vanbased school bus). However, body type 24 is not part of Buses.
When defining Transit Buses 1993 and later be sure to include the new body type 25 (vanbased transit bus). However, body type 25 is not part of Buses.
Note: A single-unit truck that tows another vehicle, or a bobtail, is considered a combination
truck.

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V11

Body Type

The VEHICLE Data File

(continued)

SAS Name: BODY_TYP
Attribute Codes
1975-1981
1
Convertible
2
2-Door Sedan HT/Coupe
3
4-Door Sedan HT
4
Hatchback
5
Car-Pickup Body
6
Station Wagon
7
On/Off Road Vehicle – Jeep CJ-S, Bronco, Blazer, Scout, etc. (1975-1979)
8
Other Auto
9
Unknown Auto Type
15
Motorcycle
16
Moped
17
Other Cycle
18
Unknown Cycle
25
School Bus
26
Cross-County
27
Transit Bus
28
Other Bus
29
Unknown Bus
35
Snowmobile
36
Farm Equipment
37
Dune/Swamp Buggy
38
Construction Equipment
39
Ambulance/Hearse Type
40
Large Limousine
41
Camper/Motorhome
42
Fire Truck
43
On/Off-Road Vehicle – Jeep CJ-S, Bronco, Blazer, Scout, etc. (1980-1981)
44
Other Special Vehicle
45
Ambulance EMS
50
Pickup
51
Van
52
Truck-Based Station Wagon
53
Straight Truck, Low GVW
54
Straight Truck, Medium GVW
55
Straight Truck, High GVW
56
Straight Truck, Unknown GVW
57
Two-Unit Truck
58
Multi-Unit Truck
59
Truck-Tractor
60
Unknown Type Truck
99
Unknown

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Data Element Definitions and Codes • 101

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V11

Body Type

The VEHICLE Data File

(continued)

Attribute Codes
1982-1990
1
Convertible
2
2-Door Sedan/Ht/Coupe
3
3-Door/2-Door Hatchback
4
4-Door Sedan/Ht
5
5-Door/4-Door Hatchback
6
Station Wagon
7
Hatchback/Number of Doors Unknown
8
Other Auto
9
Unknown Auto Type
10
Auto Pickup
11
Auto Panel
12
Short Utility/Not Truck-Based
13
Large Limousine
14
3-Wheel Vehicle Unknown Body Type
20
Motorcycle
21
Moped
27
3-Wheel Motorcycle Or Moped
28
Other Cycle
29
Unknown Cycle
30
School Bus
31
Cross-Country/Intercity
32
Transit Bus
38
Other Bus
39
Unknown Bus
40
Van
41
Van Commercial Cutaway
42
Van Motorhome
48
Other Van Type
49
Unknown Van Type
50
Pickup
51
Pickup W/Slide-In Camper
52
Pickup-Based Motorhome
53
Cab Chassis Based
54
Truck-Based Panel
55
Truck-Based Station Wagon
56
Truck-Based Utility
58
Other Light Conventional Truck
59
Unknown Light Convent Truck
67
Utility, Base Body Unknown
69
Unknown Light Truck

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V11

Body Type

The VEHICLE Data File

(continued)

Attribute Codes
1982-1990
70
Straight Truck, Low GVW
71
Straight Truck, Medium GVW
72
Straight Truck, High GVW
73
Medium/Heavy Truck Motorhome
74
Truck/Tractor
75
Unknown Medium Truck
76
Unknown Heavy Truck
77
Camper/Motorhome
78
Single Unit Straight Truck GVW Unknown
79
Unknown Truck Type
80
Snowmobile
81
Farm Equipment/Not Trucks
82
ATV, Dune/Swamp Buggy
83
Construction Equipment/Not Trucks
88
Other
89
Unknown Other Vehicle
90
3-Wheel Vehicle Unknown Body Type
99
Unknown Body Type
19912009
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
8
9
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
-19

2010Later
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
-8
-9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
19

Convertible (Excludes Sunroof, T-Bar)
2-Door Sedan/Hardtop/Coupe
3-Door/2-Door Hatchback
4-Door Sedan/Hardtop
5-Door/4-Door Hatchback
Station Wagon (Excluding Van and Truck-Based)
Hatchback, Number of Doors Unknown
Other Auto (1991-1993)
Sedan/Hardtop, Number of Doors Unknown (Since 1994)
Unknown Auto Type (1991-1993)
Other or Unknown Automobile Type (Since 1994)
Auto-Based Pickup
Auto-Based Panel (Cargo Station Wagon, Auto-Based Ambulance or Hearse)
Large Limousine – More Than Four Side Doors or Stretch Chassis
Three-Wheel Automobile or Automobile Derivative
Compact Utility (ANSI D-16 Utility Vehicle Categories “Small” and “Midsize”)
Large Utility (ANSI D-16 Utility Vehicle Categories “Full Size” and “Large”)
Utility Station Wagon
3-Door Coupe
Utility Unknown Body

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V11

Body Type

The VEHICLE Data File

(continued)

Attribute Codes
19912009
20
21
22
23
24
25
28
29
30
31
32
33
39
40

2010Later
20
21
22
---28
29
30
31
32
33
39
40

41
42
45

41
42
45

48
-49
50
51
52
-58
59
60
61
--

48
48
49
50
51
52
55
58
59
60
61
61

62
--

62
62

63
-64
-65
66
67
--

63
63
-64
65
66
67
68

Minivan
Large Van – Includes Van-Based Buses
Step Van or Walk-In Van
Van Motorhome (1991-2002)
Van-Based School Bus (1993-2002)
Van-Based Transit Bus (1993-2002)
Other Van Type (Hi-Cube Van)
Unknown Van Type
Compact Pickup (Gross Vehicle Weight, GVWR, < 4,500 lbs)
Standard Pickup (4,500 lbs GVWR < 10,000 lbs)
Pickup with Slide-In Camper
Convertible Pickup
Unknown (Pickup Style) Light Conventional Truck Type
Cab Chassis-Based (Includes Light Stake, Light Dump, Light Tow, Rescue
Vehicles)
Truck-Based Panel
Light-Truck-Based Motorhome (Chassis Mounted)
Other Light Conventional Truck Type (Includes Stretched Suburban
Limousine)
Unknown Light-Truck Type (Not a Pickup, 1991-2012)
Unknown Light Truck Type (Since 2013)
Unknown Light-Vehicle Type (Automobile, Utility Vehicle, Van or Light Truck)
School Bus
Cross-Country/Intercity Bus (i.e., Greyhound)
Transit Bus (City Bus)
Van-Based Bus GVWR > 10,000 lbs. (Since 2011)
Other Bus Type
Unknown Bus Type
Step Van
Single-Unit Straight Truck (10,000 lbs < GVWR <= 19,500 lbs) (1991-2010)
Single-Unit Straight Truck or Cab-Chassis (10,000 lbs < GVWR <=
19,500 lbs) (Since 2011)
Single-Unit Straight Truck (19,500 lbs < GVWR <= 26,000 lbs) (1991-2010)
Single-Unit Straight Truck or Cab-Chassis (19,500 lbs < GVWR <=
26,000 lbs) (Since 2011)
Single-Unit Straight Truck (GVWR > 26,000 lbs) (1991-2010)
Single-Unit Straight Truck or Cab-Chassis (GVWR > 26,000 lbs) (Since 2011)
Single-Unit Straight Truck
Single Unit Straight Truck or Cab-Chassis (GVWR Unknown) (Since 2011)
Medium/Heavy Truck-Based Motorhome
Truck/Tractor (Cab Only, or with Any Number of Trailing Units: Any Weight)
Medium/Heavy Pickup (GVWR > 10,000 lbs) (Since 2001)
Single-Unit Straight Truck (GVWR Unknown) (2010 Only)

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Data Element Definitions and Codes • 104

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V11

Body Type

The VEHICLE Data File

(continued)

Attribute Codes
19912009
71

2010Later
71

72

72

73
78
79
80
81
82
83
88
88

73
78
79
80
81
82
83
-88

89
90
91
92
93
94
--

89
90
91
92
93
-94

-97

95
97

-99

98
99

Unknown if Single-Unit or Combination-Unit Medium Truck (10,000 lbs <
GVWR < 26,000 lbs)
Unknown if Single-Unit or Combination-Unit Heavy Truck (GVWR >
26,000 lbs.)
Camper or Motorhome, Unknown Truck Type
Unknown Medium/Heavy Truck Type
Unknown Truck Type
Motorcycle
Moped (Motorized Bicycle)
Three-Wheel Motorcycle/Moped- Not All-Terrain Vehicle
Off-Road Motorcycle (2-Wheel) (Since 1993)
Other Motored Cycle Type (Mini-Bikes, Motor Scooters) (1991-2007)
Other Motored Cycle Type (Mini-Bikes, Motor Scooters, Pocket Motorcycles,
Pocket Bikes) (Since 2008)
Unknown Motored Cycle Type
ATV (All-Terrain Vehicle; Includes 3 or 4 Wheels)
Snowmobile
Farm Equipment Other Than Trucks
Construction Equipment Other Than Trucks (Includes Graders)
Motorized Wheel Chair (1997 Only)
Low Speed Vehicle (LSV)/Neighborhood Electric Vehicle (NEV)
(Since 2011)
Golf Cart (Since 2012)
Other Vehicle Type (Includes Go-Cart, Fork-Lift, City Street Sweeper,
Dune/Swamp Buggy)
Not Reported
Unknown Body Type

More Information on Vehicle Body Type Classification

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 105

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V12

The VEHICLE Data File

Vehicle Model Year

Definition: This data element identifies the manufacturer's model year of this vehicle.
Additional Information: This data element also appears in the Person data file and in the
Parkwork data file as PMODYEAR.
SAS Name: MOD_YEAR
Attribute Codes
19751997
0-98
-99

19982009
xxxx
-9999

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

2010Later
xxxx
9998
9999

Actual Model Year
Not Reported
Unknown

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 106

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V13

The VEHICLE Data File

Vehicle Identification Number (VIN)

Definition: This data element records the vehicle identification number (VIN) of this vehicle
assigned by the vehicle manufacturer. The VIN contains information on the vehicle such as:
manufacturer, model year, model, body type, restraint type, etc.
Additional Information: From 1975 to 1993 the first ten characters of the VIN are recorded;
from 1994 onward the first 12 are used. The vehicle manufacturers use the VIN to describe
certain characteristics of a vehicle and to assign a serial number to the vehicle.
VINA is a software program, maintained by R. L. Polk & Co. that deciphers the VIN for 1966 and
newer vehicles that are within the scope of the program. In FARS, the VINA program uses the
VIN as input values and returns decoded values for automobiles, trucks, and motorcycles.
Vehicle type, determined by the analyst-coded body type, is also used as input to facilitate the
program processing. The names of many data elements decoded from the VIN begin with "VIN"
or “PVIN.” Some of the results from the VINA program are used as edit checks for these data.
Starting in 1981, the Vehicle Identification Numbers were required to conform to an international
standard. For vehicles built prior to 1981 one may consult the National Automobile Theft
Bureau's publication Passenger Vehicle Identification Manual for the year in question.
This data element also appears in the Parkwork data file as PVIN.
SAS Name: VIN
Attribute Codes
1975-1993
xxxxxxxxxx
-----

1994-2008
-xxxxxxxxxxxx
----

2009
-xxxxxxxxxxxx
000000000000
---

2010-Later
-xxxxxxxxxxxx
000000000000
888888888888
999999999999

First 10 Characters
First 12 Characters
No VIN Required
Not Reported
Unknown

More Information on Vehicle Identification Number (VIN)

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 107

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V14

The VEHICLE Data File

Vehicle Trailing

Definition: This data element identifies whether this vehicle had any attached trailing units or
was towing another motor vehicle. A trailing unit can be a horse trailer, fifth wheel trailer,
camper, boat, truck trailer, towed vehicle or any other trailer.
Additional Information: This data element not only applies to tractor trailers, but also to boats,
cars, and U-Haul-type vehicles that are towed with a trailer hitch. Vehicles pulled by a rope or
chain are not counted as towed vehicles.
Note that the number of unknowns is 0 until 1982. From 1982 to 1984 the number of unknowns
is approximately 2,500 per year. Starting in 1985 the number of unknowns falls to about 300
per year.
This data element also appears in the Person data file and in the Parkwork data file as
PTRAILER.
SAS Name: TOW_VEH
Attribute Codes
19751981
0
1
--------

1982
0
-1
--4
5
---

19832003
0
-1
2
3
4
----

20042008
0
-1
2
3
4
-5
--

2009Later
0
-1
2
3
4
--5

--

--

--

--

6

--

--

9

9

9

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

No Trailing Unit
Yes
Yes, One Trailing Unit
Yes, Two Trailing Units
Yes, Three or More Trailing Units
Yes, Number of Trailing Units Unknown
Yes, Two or More Trailing Units
Vehicle Towing another Motor Vehicle
Vehicle Towing another Motor Vehicle – Fixed
Linkage
Vehicle Towing another Motor Vehicle – Non-Fixed
Linkage
Unknown

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 108

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V15

The VEHICLE Data File

Trailer Vehicle Identification Number

Definition: This data element records the vehicle identification number (VIN) of any trailing
units of a combination vehicle.
Additional Information: These data elements also appear in the Parkwork data file as
PTRLR1VIN, PTRLR2VIN, and PTRLR3VIN.
SAS Name: TRLR1VIN, TRLR2VIN, TRLR3VIN
Attribute Codes
2016Later
000000000000
xxxxxxxxxxxx
777777777777
888888888888
999999999999

No VIN Required
First 12 Characters of the VIN
No Trailing Units
Not Reported
Unknown

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 109

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V16

The VEHICLE Data File

Jackknife

Definition: This data element identifies whether this vehicle experienced a jackknife anytime
during the unstabilized situation.
Additional Information: Jackknife applies to a condition which occurs to a “semi” truck (i.e.,
cab and one or more trailers) while in motion. The condition reflects a loss of control of the
truck by the driver in which the trailer yaws more than 15 degrees from its normal straight line
path behind the cab. If the final resting configuration of the vehicle is in the jackknife position, it
does not necessarily mean that the vehicle has jackknifed (such as, a crash occurring while the
vehicle is backing up or parking).
From 1975 to 1979, the data element exists in the data files but has not been initialized. These
data were not collected. Prior to 2016, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element
Number was V15.
SAS Name: J_KNIFE
Attribute Codes
19801981
0
1
2
---

1982Later
0
1
-2
3

Not an Articulated Vehicle
No
Yes
Yes, First Event
Yes, Subsequent Event

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 110

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V17

The VEHICLE Data File

Motor Carrier Identification Number (MCID)

Definition: This data element records the issuing authority and motor carrier identification
number (if applicable) to this vehicle.
Additional Information: This 11-character data element is the combination of two data
elements, the 2-digit “Motor Carrier Issuing Authority” code (MCARR_I1) followed by the 9character “Identification Number” (MCARR_I2).
The Carrier Identification Number is found only on vehicles of interstate for-hire or private
carriers in the transportation business. It is the unique number assigned to the Carrier by the
United States Department of Commerce Commission, or the State. The number can be either a
US DOT number (on interstate private carriers) or an ICC MC number (interstate for-hire
carriers). Collected only for buses and trucks over 4,500 kg GVWR (Bodytype (V5)= 60, 64, 6679), this data element is applicable to the following vehicles:
• Medium/Heavy Trucks: vehicles with two axles/six tires and/or gross weight greater than
10,000 pounds.
• Buses with 16 or more seats (including the driver)
• Trucks and Vans of any size carrying hazardous cargo.
• Light commercial trucks pulling a trailer with gross combination weight rating (GCWR)
greater than 10,000 pounds.
Prior to 2016, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element Number was V16.
This data element also appears in the Parkwork data file as PMCARR_ID.
SAS Name: MCARR_ID
Attribute Codes
19982009
xxxxxxxxxxx

2010Later
xxxxxxxxxxx

00000000000
-88888888888
99999999999

00000000000
77777777777
88888888888
99999999999

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

11-Character Combination of MCARR_I1 followed by
MCARR_I2
Not Applicable
Not Reported
None
Unknown

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 111

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V17A

The VEHICLE Data File

MCID Issuing Authority

Definition: This data element records the issuing authority if applicable to this vehicle.
Additional Information: This data element is only applicable for the following vehicles:
• Medium/Heavy Trucks: vehicles with two axles/six tires and/or gross weight greater than
10,000 pounds.
• Buses with 16 or more seats (including the driver)
• Trucks and Vans of any size carrying hazardous cargo.
• Light commercial trucks pulling a trailer with gross combination weight rating (GCWR)
greater than 10,000 pounds.
Prior to 2016, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element Number was V16A.
This data element also appears in the Parkwork data file as PMCARR_I1.
SAS Name: MCARR_I1
Attribute Codes
20072009
0
1-56
57
58
-88
95
96
99

2010Later
0
1-56
57
58
77
88
95
96
99

Not Applicable
FARS State Code
US DOT
MC/MX (ICC)
Not Reported
None
Canada
Mexico
Unknown

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Data Element Definitions and Codes • 112

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V17B

The VEHICLE Data File

MCID Identification Number

Definition: This data element records the motor carrier identification number if applicable to
this vehicle.
Additional Information: The Carrier Identification Number is found only on vehicles of
interstate for-hire or private carriers in the transportation business. It is the unique number
assigned to the Carrier by the United States Department of Commerce Commission, or the
State. The number can be either a US DOT number (on interstate private carriers) or an ICC
MC number (interstate for-hire carriers). Collected only for buses and trucks over 4,500 kg
GVWR (Bodytype (V5)= 60, 64, 66-79), this data element is applicable to the following vehicles:
• Medium/Heavy Trucks: vehicles with two axles/six tires and/or gross weight greater than
10,000 pounds.
• Buses with 16 or more seats (including the driver)
• Trucks and Vans of any size carrying hazardous cargo.
• Light commercial trucks pulling a trailer with gross combination weight rating (GCWR)
greater than 10,000 pounds.
Prior to 2016, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element Number was V16B.
This data element also appears in the Parkwork data file as PMCARR_I2.
SAS Name: MCARR_I2
Attribute Codes
2007-Later
xxxxxxxxx
000000000
777777777
888888888
999999999

Actual 9-Digit Number
Not Applicable
Not Reported
None
Unknown

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Data Element Definitions and Codes • 113

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V18

The VEHICLE Data File

Gross Vehicle Weight Rating

Definition: This data element identifies the gross vehicle weight rating of this vehicle if
applicable.
Additional Information: The Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR) or Gross Combination
Weight Rating (GCWR) is a value specified by the manufacturer for a single-unit truck, truck
tractor, or trailer. In the absence of a gross vehicle weight rating, an estimate of the gross
weight of a fully loaded unit can be substituted.
In 2000 the GVWR was the sum of the weight of the power unit and its trailers. Since 2001 this
data element is the gross vehicle weight of the Power Unit only. The weight of trailers is not
added.
Prior to 2016, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element Number was V17.
This data element also appears in the Parkwork data file as PGVWR.
SAS Name: GVWR
Attribute Codes
20002009
0
1
2
3
-9

2010Later
0
1
2
3
8
9

Not Applicable
10,000 lbs or Less
10,001 lbs - 26,000 lbs
26,001 lbs or More
Not Reported
Unknown

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Data Element Definitions and Codes • 114

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V19

The VEHICLE Data File

Vehicle Configuration

Definition: This data element describes the general configuration of this vehicle if applicable.
Additional Information: Prior to 2016, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element
Number was V18.
This data element also appears in the Parkwork data file as PV_CONFIG.
SAS Name: V_CONFIG
Attribute Codes
19911994
0
--

19952000
0
--

20012009
-0

2010Later
---

-1
--

-1
--

-1
--

0
-1

2
-3
-4
5
--------

2
3
4
-5
6
--------

2
3
4
-5
-6
-7
-8
---

2
--4
5
--6
-7
-8
10

6
-7
----

7
-8
----

19
--20
-21

-19
--20
--

--

--

21

--

--

--

--

21

--

--

70

--

--

--

80

--

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Not Applicable, Not a Medium/Heavy Truck or Bus
Not Applicable, Not a Medium/Heavy Truck or Bus or
Vehicle Displaying a Hazardous Material Placard
Not Applicable
Single-Unit Truck (2 axles, 6 tires)
Single-Unit Truck (2 axles and GVWR more
than 10,000 lbs.)
Single-Unit Truck (3 or More axles)
Single-Unit Truck (Unknown Number of Axles, Tires)
Truck/Trailer(s)
Truck Pulling Trailer(s)
Truck Tractor (Bobtail, i.e., Tractor Only, No Trailer)
Truck Tractor/Semi-Trailer
Truck Tractor/Semi-Trailer (One Trailer)
Truck Tractor/Semi-Trailer
Truck Tractor/Doubles (Two Trailers)
Truck Tractor/Double
Tractor/Triples (Three Trailers)
Truck Tractor/Triple
Vehicle 10,000 lbs or Less Placarded for Hazardous
Materials
Medium/Heavy Trucks, Cannot Classify
Truck More than 10,000 lbs., Cannot Classify
Bus
Bus (Seats for 9-15 Occupants, Including Driver)
Bus/Large Van (Seats for 9-15 Occupants, Including Driver)
Bus (Seats for More Than 15 People, Including Driver,
2001-2006)
Bus (Seats for 16 or More People, Including Driver,
2007-2009)
Bus (Seats for More Than 15 Occupants, Including Driver,
2010-Later)
Light Truck (Van, Mini-Van, Panel, Pickup, Sport Utility
Vehicle Displaying a Hazardous Material Placard)
Passenger Car (Only When Displaying a Hazardous Material
Placard)

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 115

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V19

Vehicle Configuration

The VEHICLE Data File

(continued)

Attribute Codes
19911994
-9
--

19952000
--9

20012009
--99

2010Later
98
99
--

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Not Reported (2010-2012)
Unknown
Unknown if Light or Medium/Heavy Truck/Bus

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 116

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V20

The VEHICLE Data File

Cargo Body Type

Definition: This data element describes the primary cargo carrying capability of this vehicle if
applicable.
Additional Information: Prior to 2016, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element
Number was V19.
This data element also appears in the Parkwork data file as PCARGTYP.
SAS Name: CARGO_BT
Attribute Codes
19911994
0
--1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
----------

19952000
0
--1
2
3
4
5
6
7
-8
----------

20012008
-0
-1
2
3
4
5
6
7
--8
9
-10
11
-12
20
21

2009Later
--0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
--8
-9
10
-11
12
---

--

--

21

--

------

---97
--

--96
-97

22
28
96
---

-----

-98
---

--98
--

97
--98

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Not Applicable Not a Truck or Bus
Not Applicable, Not a Medium/Heavy Truck or Bus
Not Applicable
Van/Enclosed Box
Cargo Tank
Flatbed
Dump
Concrete Mixer
Auto Transporter
Garbage/Refuse
Medium/Heavy Truck, Other Body Type
Bus
Grain, Chips, Gravel
Pole
Pole-Trailer
Log (Since 2007)
Intermodal Chassis (2007-2008)
Intermodal Container Chassis
Vehicle Towing Another Motor Vehicle (Since 2007)
Bus (Seats 9-15 People, Including Driver)
Bus (Seats More than 15 People, Including Driver, 20012006)
Bus (Seats for 16 or More People, Including Driver, 20072008)
Bus
Not Reported (2010-2012)
No Cargo Body Type
Medium/Heavy Truck, Other Cargo Body Type
Medium/Heavy Truck, or Bus, Other Cargo Body Type (Not
Data elements 01-12, 20-21)
Other
Medium/Heavy Truck, Unknown Cargo Body Type
Medium/Heavy Truck, or Bus, Unknown Cargo Body Type
Unknown Cargo Body Type

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 117

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V20

Cargo Body Type

The VEHICLE Data File

(continued)

Attribute Codes
19911994
99
---

19952000
-99
--

20012008
-99
--

2009
--99

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

2010Later
--99

Unknown Vehicle Type
Unknown if Light or Medium/Heavy Truck/Bus
Unknown

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 118

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V21A/HM1

The VEHICLE Data File

Hazardous Material Involvement

Definition: This data element identifies whether this vehicle was carrying hazardous materials.
Additional Information: Prior to 2016, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element
Number was V20A/HM1.
This data element also appears in the Parkwork data file as PHAZ_INV.
SAS Name: HAZ_INV
2007-Later
1
No
2
Yes

V21B/HM2

Hazardous Material Placard

Definition: This data element identifies the presence of hazardous materials for this vehicle
and whether this vehicle displayed a hazardous materials placard.
Additional Information: Prior to 2016, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element
Number was V20B/HM2.
This data element also appears in the Parkwork data file as PHAZPLAC.
SAS Name: HAZ_PLAC
2007-Later
0
Not Applicable
1
No
2
Yes
8
Not Reported

V21C/HM3

Hazardous Material Identification Number

Definition: This data element identifies the 4-digit hazardous material identification number for
this vehicle.
Additional Information: Prior to 2016, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element
Number was V20C/HM3.
This data element also appears in the Parkwork data file as PHAZ_ID.
SAS Name: HAZ_ID
2007-Later
0
Not Applicable
xxxx Actual 4-Digit Number
8888 Not Reported

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Data Element Definitions and Codes • 119

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V21D/HM4

The VEHICLE Data File

Hazardous Material Class Number

Definition: This data element identifies the single-digit hazardous material class number for
this vehicle.
Additional Information: Prior to 2016, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element
Number was V20D/HM4.
This data element also appears in the Parkwork data file as PHAZ_CNO.
SAS Name: HAZ_CNO
2007
0
1-7 or 9
8

Not Applicable
Actual Number
Not Reported

2008-Later
0
Not Applicable
1
Explosives
2
Gases
3
Flammable / Combustible Liquid
4
Flammable Solid, Spontaneously Combustible, and Dangerous When Wet
5
Oxidizer and Organic Peroxide
6
Poison and Poison Inhalation Hazard
7
Radioactive
8
Corrosive
9
Miscellaneous
88
Not Reported

V21E/HM5

Release of Hazardous Material from the Cargo Compartment

Definition: This data element identifies whether any hazardous cargo was released from the
cargo tank or compartment of this vehicle.
Additional Information: Prior to 2016, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element
Number was V20E/HM5.
This data element also appears in the Parkwork data file as PHAZ_REL.
SAS Name: HAZ_REL
2007-Later
0
Not Applicable
1
No
2
Yes
8
Not Reported

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Data Element Definitions and Codes • 120

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V22

The VEHICLE Data File

Bus Use

Definition: This data element describes the common type of bus service this vehicle was being
used as at the time of the crash or the primary use for the bus if not in service at the time of the
crash.
Additional Information: Prior to 2016, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element
Number was V21.
This data element also appears in the Parkwork data file as PBUS_USE.
SAS Name: BUS_USE
Attribute Codes
2000-2009
0
Not Used as a Bus
1
Used as a Public School Bus
2
Used as a Private School Bus
3
Used as a School Bus, Public or Private Unknown
4
Used as a Scheduled Service Bus
5
Used as a Tour Bus
6
Used as a Commuter Bus
7
Used as a Shuttle Bus
8
Modified for Personal/Private Use
9
Unknown Bus Use
2010-Later
0
Not a Bus
1
School Bus
4
Intercity Bus
5
Charter/Tour Bus
6
Transit/Commuter Bus
7
Shuttle Bus
8
Modified for Personal/Private Use
98
Not Reported
99
Unknown

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Data Element Definitions and Codes • 121

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V23

The VEHICLE Data File

Special Use

Definition: This data element identifies any special use associated with this vehicle at the time
of the crash.
Additional Information: Prior to 2016, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element
Number was V22.
This data element also appears in the Person data file set and in the Parkwork data file as
PSP_USE.
SAS Name: SPEC_USE
Attribute Codes
19752009
0
1
2
-3
4
5
6
7
8
---9

20102011
0
1
2
-3
4
5
6
7
8
--98
99

2012
0
1
-2
3
4
5
6
7
8
--98
99

2013Later
0
1
-2
3
4
5
6
7
-8
13
98
99

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

No Special Use
Taxi
Vehicle Used for School Bus
Vehicle Used as School Transport
Vehicle Used as Other Bus
Military
Police
Ambulance (Since 1980)
Fire Truck (Since 1982)
Emergency Services Vehicle (2009-2012)
Non-Transport Emergency Services Vehicle
Incident Response
Not Reported
Unknown

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 122

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V24

The VEHICLE Data File

Emergency Motor Vehicle Use

Definition: This data element identifies whether this vehicle was engaged in emergency use.
Emergency Use indicates operation of any motor vehicle that is legally authorized by a
government authority to respond to emergencies with or without the use of emergency warning
equipment, such as a police vehicle, fire truck or ambulance while actually engaged in such
response.
Additional Information: This data element is applicable only if the vehicle was being used as
an emergency vehicle at the time of the crash.
Prior to 2013, this data element was called “Emergency Use.” Prior to 2016, this data element’s
Locator Code or Data Element Number was V23.
This data element also appears in the Person data file and in the Parkwork data file as
PEM_USE.
SAS Name: EMER_USE
Attribute Codes
19772009
0
-1
----

20102012
0
-1
----

2013
-0
-2
3
4

2014Later
-0
-2
3
4

--

--

5

5

--

--

--

6

---

8
9

8
9

8
9

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

No
Not Applicable
Yes
Non-Emergency, Non-Transport
Non-Emergency Transport
Emergency Operation, Emergency Warning Equipment
Not In Use
Emergency Operation, Emergency Warning Equipment
In Use
Emergency Operation, Emergency Warning Equipment
In Use Unknown
Not Reported
Unknown

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 123

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V25

The VEHICLE Data File

Travel Speed

Definition: This data element records the speed the vehicle was traveling prior to the
occurrence of the crash as reported by the investigating officer.
Additional Information: This data is collected after the crash, and is an estimate of the travel
speed, which is often a judgment, rather than a measurement. Computing the mean without
removing the unknowns will increase the mean travel speed.
For the years 1980 and 1981 travel speed was not collected. However, the data element is
currently in the database for these two years with all data as missing. With this data element
there has always been a high number of unknown cases. Since the data were considered
somewhat "uncollectible," a decision was made not to collect the data for these two years.
However, although the data were often unavailable, it was considered too important not to try to
collect it.
Since 2005, data have been collected for parked vehicles and vehicles not in-transport. The
value 0 only applies to motor vehicles in-transport, for example, a vehicle that is in-transport, but
stopped at a stop light.
Prior to 2016, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element Number was V24.
SAS Name: TRAV_SP
Attribute Codes
19752008
0
1-96
97
-98
99

2009Later
0
1-151
-997
998
999

Stopped Motor Vehicle in Transport
Reported Speed Up to 151 mph
Speed Greater than 96 mph
Speed Greater than 151 mph
Not Reported
Unknown

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Data Element Definitions and Codes • 124

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V26

The VEHICLE Data File

Underride/Override

Definition: This data element identifies this vehicle’s involvement in an underride or override
during the crash.
Additional Information: Note the striking vehicle, not the vehicle struck, determines the
underride/override condition. From 1975 to 1993 both the initial and principal impacts were
counted. In the event and only in the event, that the initial or principal impact point was an
underride/override were the data element IMPACT1 or IMPACT2 flagged/counted as such.
However, all other underrides/overrides were not counted, nor should they have been counted.
Impacts were counted, not underrides. Therefore, the data element UNDERIDE was added to
the FARS in 1994.
The data element UNDERIDE is dependent on the data contained in the PAR. The NASS CDS
is based on the efforts of professional crash investigators performing detailed analysis of
crashes. An analysis of the 1994-1996 FARS and NASS CDS data systems and the 1997
Trucks in Fatal Accident file revealed that underrides and overrides are generally not identified
on the PARs.
Prior to 2016, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element Number was V25.
This data element also appears in the Parkwork data file as PUNDERIDE.
SAS Name: UNDERIDE
Attribute Codes
1994-Later
0
No Underride or Override (1994-2011)
0
No Underride or Override Noted (2012-Later)
WITH MOTOR VEHICLE IN TRANSPORT
1
Underride (Compartment Intrusion)
2
Underride (No Compartment Intrusion)
3
Underride (Compartment Intrusion Unknown)
WITH MOTOR VEHICLE NOT IN TRANSPORT
4
Underride (Compartment Intrusion)
5
Underride (No Compartment Intrusion)
6
Underride (Compartment Intrusion Unknown)
7
8
9

Override, Motor Vehicle in Transport
Override, Motor Vehicle Not in Transport
Unknown if Underride or Override

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Data Element Definitions and Codes • 125

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V27

The VEHICLE Data File

Rollover

Definition: This data element identifies this vehicle’s involvement in a rollover or overturn
during the crash. Rollover is defined as any vehicle rotation of 90 degrees or more about any
true longitudinal or lateral axis. Rollover can occur at any time during the crash.
Additional Information: Data are not available from 1975 to 1977. Prior to 2016, this data
element’s Locator Code or Data Element Number was V26.
This data element also appears in the Person data file.
SAS Name: ROLLOVER
Attribute Codes
19782008
0
1
-2
---

2009Later
0
-1
-2
9

No Rollover
First Event
Rollover, Tripped by Object/Vehicle
Subsequent Event
Rollover, Untripped
Rollover, Unknown Type

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Data Element Definitions and Codes • 126

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V28

The VEHICLE Data File

Location of Rollover

Definition: This data element identifies the location of the trip point or start of this vehicle's roll.
Additional Information: Prior to 2016, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element
Number was V27.
SAS Name: ROLINLOC
Attribute Codes
20092010
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
-9

2011Later
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
9

No Rollover
On Roadway
On Shoulder
On Median/Separator
In Gore
On Roadside
Outside of Trafficway
In Parking Lane/Zone
Unknown

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Data Element Definitions and Codes • 127

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V29A

The VEHICLE Data File

Initial Contact Point

Definition: This data element identifies the area on this vehicle that produced the first instance
of injury to non-motorists or occupants of this vehicle, or that resulted in the first instance of
damage to other property or to this vehicle.
Additional Information: Prior to 2010 this data element was called “Initial Point of Impact.” In
2010 and 2011 it was called “Initial Damaged Area.” Since 2012 it is called “Initial Contact
Point.” Starting in 2010, this data element is derived from the crash events for the vehicle. It is
the first recorded “Area of Impact (This Vehicle)” value for this vehicle.
The attributes Underride and Override were discontinued in 1993 and “Underride/Override”
became its own data element in 1994. Prior to 1994, the striking vehicle, not the vehicle struck,
determined the underride/override condition. After the crash, in the case of an override or
underride one vehicle is over the other. If the striking vehicle is over the other, then the crash is
an override. If the striking vehicle is under the other, the crash is an underride. See the
information under “Underride/Override” about using this data element. Prior to 2016, this data
element’s Locator Code or Data Element Number was V28A.
This data element also appears in the Person data file and in the Parkwork data file as PIMPACT1.
SAS Name: IMPACT1
Attribute Codes
19751993
0
1-12
13
14
15
16
--

---------------99

19942009
0
1-12
13
14
--18

---------------99

20102011
0
1-12
13
14
----

18
---61
62
-63
-81
82
-83
-98
99

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

2012
0
1-12
13
14
----

-18
--61
-62
-63
81
-82
-83
98
99

2013Later
0
1-12
13
14
----

--18
19
61
-62
-63
81
-82
-83
98
99

Non-Collision
Clock points
Top
Undercarriage
Underride (1980-1993)
Override (1982-1993)
This Vehicle Set Something in Motion
Causing Injury or Damage
(Not a Clock Point, 2004-2009)
Set-in-Motion (Not a Clock Point)
Set-in-Motion (Not a Clock Value)
Cargo/Vehicle Parts Set-In-Motion
Other Objects Set-In-Motion
Left
Left-Front Half
Left-Front Side
Left-Back Half
Left-Back Side
Right
Right-Front Half
Right-Front Side
Right-Back Half
Right-Back Side
Not Reported
Unknown

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 128

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V30

The VEHICLE Data File

Extent of Damage

Definition: This data element records the amount of damage sustained by this vehicle as
indicated in the case materials based on an operational damage scale.
Additional Information: The data on 8 (Not Reportable) collected in 1976 are no longer
contained in the data file. The data for that year are not consistent with the documentation of
the time.
The data element name was “Extent of Deformation” from 1975 to 2008. The data element
name was changed to “Extent of Damage” in 2009. Prior to 2016, this data element’s Locator
Code or Data Element Number was V29.
This data element also appears in the Parkwork data set as PVEH_SEV.
SAS Name: DEFORMED
Attribute Codes
1975-2008
0
None
2
Other (Minor)
4
Functional (Moderate)
6
Disabling (Severe)
9
Unknown
2009
0
2
4
6
-9

2010Later
0
2
4
6
8
9

No Damage
Minor Damage
Functional Damage
Disabling Damage
Not Reported
Unknown

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Data Element Definitions and Codes • 129

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V31

The VEHICLE Data File

Vehicle Removal

Definition: This data element describes the mode by which this vehicle left the scene of the
crash.
Additional Information: The early years are not consistent with the documentation of the time.
The data element name was “Manner of Leaving Scene” from 1975 to 2008. The data element
name was changed to “Vehicle Removal” in 2009. Prior to 2016, this data element’s Locator
Code or Data Element Number was V30.
This data element also appears in the Parkwork data set as PTOWED.
SAS Name: TOWAWAY
TOWED

1975-2008
2009-Later

Attribute Codes
1975
-2
---4
---9

19762008
1
2
-3
-----9

2009
1
-2
-3
-4
--9

20102012
1
-2
-3
-4
-8
9

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

2013Later
--2
-3
--5
8
9

Driven Away
Towed Away
Towed Due to Disabling Damage
Abandoned/Left Scene
Towed Not Due to Disabling Damage
Not Towed Away
Abandoned/Left at Scene
Not Towed
Not Reported
Unknown

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 130

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V33

The VEHICLE Data File

Most Harmful Event

Definition: This data element describes the event that resulted in the most severe injury or, if
no injury, the greatest property damage involving this vehicle.
Additional Information: “First Harmful Event” (HARM_EV) applies to the crash. “Most
Harmful Event” (M_HARM) applies to the vehicle. Harmful events are judgment calls of the
FARS analysts based on the data within the PAR.
From 2004 to 2009, the data elements “First Harmful Event,” “Most Harmful Event,” and the
“Sequence of Events” have the same attributes. The harmful event attributes were modified to
be consistent with the sequence of events data elements. Starting in 2009, these data elements
still have the same attributes except non-harmful event attributes were added to the “Sequence
of Events” data element. Prior to 2016, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element
Number was V32.
This data element also appears in the Parkwork data file as PM_HARM.
SAS Name: M_HARM
Attribute Codes
1979-1981
1
Overturn
2
Fire/Explosion
3
Immersion
4
Gas Inhalation
5
Fell from Vehicle
6
Injured in Vehicle
7
Other Non-Collision
8
Pedestrian
9
Pedalcycle
10
Railway Train
11
Animal
12
Motor Vehicle in Transport
13
Motor Vehicle in Transport in Other Roadway
14
Parked Motor Vehicle
15
Other Type Non-Motorist
16
Other Object
18
Building
19
Culvert
20
Curb or Wall
21
Divider
22
Embankment
23
Fence
24
Guard Rail
25
Light Support
26
Sign Post
27
Tree/Shrubbery
28
Utility Pole
29
Other Pole/Support
30
Impact Attenuator

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Data Element Definitions and Codes • 131

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V33

Most Harmful Event

The VEHICLE Data File

(continued)

Attribute Codes
1979-1981
31
Other Fixed Object
32
Bridge or Overpass (Passing Under)
33
Bridge or Overpass (Passing Over)
99
Unknown
19822003
1
2
3
4
5
6
-7
8
9
-10
-11
-12
-13
14
15
-16
17
18
19
20
21
-22
23
-24
25
26
27
28
29

20042009
1
2
3
4
5
6
-7
8
9
-10
-11
-12
-13
14
-15
16
17
18
19
20
21
-22
23
-24
25
26
27
28
29

20102012
1
2
3
4
5
-6
7
8
-9
-10
-11
-12
-14
-15
16
17
18
19
20
-21
--23
24
25
26
----

20132015
1
2
3
4
5
-6
7
8
-9
-10
-11
-12
-14
-15
16
17
18
19
20
-21
--23
24
25
26
----

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

2016Later
1
2
3
4
5
-6
7
8
-9
-10
-11
-12
-14
-15
16
17
18
19
20
-21
--23
24
25
26
----

Rollover/Overturn
Fire/Explosion
Immersion (or Partial Immersion, Since 2012)
Gas Inhalation
Fell/Jumped from Vehicle
Injured in Vehicle
Injured in Vehicle (Non-Collision)
Other Non-Collision
Pedestrian
Pedalcycle
Pedalcyclist
Railway Train
Railway Vehicle
Animal
Live Animal
Motor Vehicle in Transport on Same Roadway
Motor Vehicle in Transport
Motor Vehicle in Transport on Other Roadway
Parked Motor Vehicle
Other Type Non-Motorist
Non-Motorist on Personal Conveyance
Thrown or Falling Object
Boulder
Other Object (Not Fixed)
Building
Impact Attenuator/Crash Cushion
Bridge Pier or Abutment
Bridge Pier or Support
Bridge Parapet End
Bridge Rail
Bridge Rail (Includes Parapet)
Guardrail Face
Concrete Traffic Barrier
Other Traffic Barrier
Highway/Traffic Sign Post
Overhead Sign Support/Sign
Luminary/Light Support

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 132

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V33

Most Harmful Event

The VEHICLE Data File

(continued)

Attribute Codes
19822003
30
-31
-32
33
34
35
-36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
---

20042009
30
-31
-32
33
34
35
-36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
-44
--

20102012
-30
31
-32
33
34
-35
--38
39
40
41
42
43
--44

20132015
-30
31
-32
33
34
-35
--38
39
40
41
42
43
--44

2016Later
-30
-31
32
33
34
-35
--38
39
40
41
42
43
--44

45
--

-45

---

---

---

-46
47

-46
47

45
46
--

45
46
--

45
46
--

48
-49

48
-49

-48
49

-48
49

-48
49

50
------

50
51
-52
53
54

50
-51
52
53
--

50
-51
52
53
--

50
-51
52
53
--

--

--

54

54

54

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Utility Pole
Utility Pole/Light Support
Other Post, Other Pole, or Other Support
Post, Pole or Other Support
Culvert
Curb
Ditch
Embankment – Earth
Embankment
Embankment – Rock, Stone, or Concrete
Embankment – Material Type Unknown
Fence
Wall
Fire Hydrant
Shrubbery
Tree (Standing Only)
Other Fixed Object
Pavement Surface Irregularity (1993 Only)
Pavement Surface Irregularity
Pavement Surface Irregularity (Ruts, Potholes,
Grates, etc.)
Transport Device Used as Equipment (1993-2003)
Working Construction, Maintenance or Utility
Vehicles
Working Motor Vehicle
Traffic Signal Support
Vehicle Occupant Struck or Run Over by Own
Vehicle (Since 1997)
Collision With Snow Bank (Since 1997)
Snow Bank
Ridden Animal or Animal-Drawn Conveyance
(Since 1998)
Bridge Overhead Structure
Jackknife
Jackknife (Harmful to This Vehicle)
Guardrail End
Mail Box
Motor Vehicle Struck by Falling/Shifting Cargo or
Anything Set in Motion by Another Motor Vehicle
in Transport
Motor Vehicle In-Transport Strikes or is Struck by
Cargo, Persons or Objects Set-in-Motion from/by
Another Motor Vehicle In-Transport

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 133

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V33

Most Harmful Event

The VEHICLE Data File

(continued)

Attribute Codes
19822003
---

20042009
55
55

20102012
-55

20132015
-55

2016Later
-55

-----

57
----

57
58
59
72

57
58
59
72

57
58
59
72

---

---

---

73
--

-73

--99

--99

-98
99

--99

74
-99

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Other Not in-Transport Motor Vehicle (2005-2007)
Motor Vehicle in Motion Outside the Trafficway
(Since 2008)
Cable Barrier (Since 2008)
Ground
Traffic Sign Support
Cargo/Equipment Loss or Shift (Harmful to This
Vehicle)
Object Fell From Motor Vehicle In-Transport
Object That Had Fallen From Motor Vehicle InTransport
Road Vehicle on Rails
Not Reported (2010 Only)
Unknown

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 134

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V34

The VEHICLE Data File

Related Factors- Vehicle Level

Definition: This data element records factors related to this vehicle expressed by the
investigating officer.
Additional Information: There are also crash-level related factors in the Accident data file
(CF1, CF2, and CF3), driver-level related factors in the Vehicle data file (DR_SF1, DR_SF2,
DR_SF3 and DR_SF4) and person-level related factors in the Person data file (P_SF1, P_SF2,
and P_SF3).
The FARS analyst may have used either of the two data elements to code a related factor. One
must test both data elements to ensure that the selected related factor is included.
The set of Pre-existing Vehicle Defects that had been collected under “Related Factors- Vehicle
Level” is now captured in the precrash level data element “Contributing Circumstances, Motor
Vehicle” (Factor.MFACTOR).
Prior to 2016, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element Number was V33.
These data elements also appear in the Parkwork data file as PVEH_CF1 and PVEH_CF2 in
2009 and prior and as PVEH_SC1 and PVEH_SC2 in 2010 and later.
SAS Name: VEH_CF1, VEH_CF2
VEH_SC1, VEH_SC2

1975-2009
2010-Later

Attribute Codes
19751981
0
1
-2
3
4

19822009
0
-1
2
3
4

20102013
0
------

2014Later
0
------

5

5

--

--

6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
-----

6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19

---------------

---------------

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

None
Tires and Wheels
Tires (Does Not Include Wheels, See Value 16)
Brake System
Steering System- Tie Rod, Kingpin, Ball Joint, etc.
Suspension- Springs, Shock Absorbers, MacPherson struts,
Axle Bearing, Control Arms, etc.
Power Train (Power Train/Engine, 2001-2009)- Universal
Joint, Drive Shaft, Transmission, etc.
Exhaust System
Headlights
Signal Lights
Other Lights
Horn
Mirrors
Wipers
Driver Seating and Control
Body, Doors, Hood, Other
Trailer Hitch
Wheels
Air Bags (1995-2009)
Other Vehicle Defects
Safety Belts (2002-2009)

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 135

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V34

Related Factors- Vehicle Level

The VEHICLE Data File

(continued)

Attribute Codes
19751981
-------

19822009
--31
32
33
34

20102013
30
--32
33
--

2014Later
-30
-32
33
--

-----

35
35
36
37

-35
36
37

-35
-37

---

38
39

-39

-39

---

40
41

40
41

40
41

--

42

42

42

--

43

--

--

-99

44
99

44
99

44
99

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

3-Wheeled Motorcycle Conversion (Since 2012)
Multi-Wheeled Motorcycle Conversion (Since 2012)
Hit-and-Run Vehicle (1982-2008)
Vehicle Registration for Handicapped
Vehicle Being Pushed by Non-Motorist
Vehicle Impact Point- the Result of Something Set in Motion
(1998-2003)
Reconstructed Vehicle (1998-2007)
Reconstructed/Altered Vehicle (Since 2008)
Electric/Alternative Fuel Vehicle (Since 1999)
Transporting Children to/from Head Start/Day Care
(Since 2000)
Vehicle Went Airborne During Crash (2001-2003)
Highway Construction, Maintenance or Utility Vehicle, In
Transport (Inside or Outside Work Zone) (Since 2002)
Highway Incident Response Vehicle (Since 2002)
Police Fire or EMS Vehicle Working at the Scene of an
Emergency or Performing Other Traffic Control Activities
(Since 2004)
Other Working Vehicle (Not Construction, Maintenance,
Utility, Police, Fire, or EMS Vehicle, Since 2004)
Hazardous Materials/Cargo Released From This Vehicle
(2005-2006)
Adaptive Equipment (Since 2007)
Unknown

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 136

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V35

The VEHICLE Data File

Fire Occurrence

Definition: This data element identifies whether a fire in any way related to the crash occurred
in this vehicle.
Additional Information: From 1975 to 1979, if an explosion occurred in the vehicle, with or
without a fire, this data element would also be set to 1. Prior to 2016, this data element’s
Locator Code or Data Element Number was V34.
This data element also appears in the Person data file and in the Parkwork data file as PFIRE.
SAS Name: FIRE_EXP
Attribute Codes
19752007
0
-1
---

2008
0
-1
-2

2009Later
-0
-1
--

No Fire
No or Not Reported
Fire Occurred in This Vehicle during Crash
Yes
Fire Occurred in This Vehicle and Initiated Fire/Explosion in Another
Vehicle

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 137

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V100

The VEHICLE Data File

Make Model Combined

Definition: This derived data element represents the 5-digit combination of two data elements,
the 2-digit “Vehicle Make” code (MAKE) followed by the 3-digit “Vehicle Model” code (MODEL).
Additional Information: This data element also appears in the Person data file and in the
Parkwork data file as PMAK_MOD.
SAS Name: MAK_MOD
Attribute Codes
1975-Later
See the current FARS/NASS GES/CRSS Coding and Validation Manual for vehicle make
and model codes.

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 138

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V101

The VEHICLE Data File

VIN Character 1

Definition: This data element represents the first character in the VIN string for this vehicle.
Additional Information: This data element also appears in the Parkwork data set as PVIN_1.
SAS Name: VIN_1
Attribute Codes
1975-Later
x
First Character in the VIN String

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 139

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V102

The VEHICLE Data File

VIN Character 2

Definition: This data element represents the second character in the VIN string for this vehicle.
Additional Information: This data element also appears in the Parkwork data set as PVIN_2.
SAS Name: VIN_2
Attribute Codes
1975-Later
x
Second Character in the VIN String

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 140

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V103

The VEHICLE Data File

VIN Character 3

Definition: This data element represents the third character in the VIN string for this vehicle.
Additional Information: This data element also appears in the Parkwork data set as PVIN_3.
SAS Name: VIN_3
Attribute Codes
1975-Later
x
Third Character in the VIN String

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 141

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V104

The VEHICLE Data File

VIN Character 4

Definition: This data element represents the fourth character in the VIN string for this vehicle.
Additional Information: This data element also appears in the Parkwork data set as PVIN_4.
SAS Name: VIN_4
Attribute Codes
1975-Later
x
Fourth Character in the VIN String

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 142

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V105

The VEHICLE Data File

VIN Character 5

Definition: This data element represents the fifth character in the VIN string for this vehicle.
Additional Information: This data element also appears in the Parkwork data set as PVIN_5.
SAS Name: VIN_5
Attribute Codes
1975-Later
x
Fifth Character in the VIN String

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 143

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V106

The VEHICLE Data File

VIN Character 6

Definition: This data element represents the sixth character in the VIN string for this vehicle.
Additional Information: This data element also appears in the Parkwork data set as PVIN_6.
SAS Name: VIN_6
Attribute Codes
1975-Later
x
Sixth Character in the VIN String

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 144

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V107

The VEHICLE Data File

VIN Character 7

Definition: This data element represents the seventh character in the VIN string for this
vehicle.
Additional Information: This data element also appears in the Parkwork data set as PVIN_7.
SAS Name: VIN_7
Attribute Codes
1975-Later
x
Seventh Character in the VIN String

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 145

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V108

The VEHICLE Data File

VIN Character 8

Definition: This data element represents the eighth character in the VIN string for this vehicle.
Additional Information: This data element also appears in the Parkwork data set as PVIN_8.
SAS Name: VIN_8
Attribute Codes
1975-Later
x
Eighth Character in the VIN String

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 146

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V109

The VEHICLE Data File

VIN Character 9

Definition: This data element represents the ninth character in the VIN string for this vehicle.
Additional Information: This data element also appears in the Parkwork data set as PVIN_9.
SAS Name: VIN_9
Attribute Codes
1975-Later
x
Ninth Character in the VIN String

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 147

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V110

The VEHICLE Data File

VIN Character 10

Definition: This data element represents the tenth character in the VIN string for this vehicle.
Additional Information: This data element also appears in the Parkwork data set as PVIN_10.
SAS Name: VIN_10
Attribute Codes
1975-Later
x
Tenth Character in the VIN String

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 148

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V111

The VEHICLE Data File

VIN Character 11

Definition: This data element represents the eleventh character in the VIN string for this
vehicle.
Additional Information: This data element also appears in the Parkwork data set as PVIN_11.
SAS Name: VIN_11
Attribute Codes
1994-Later
x
Eleventh Character in the VIN String

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 149

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V112

The VEHICLE Data File

VIN Character 12

Definition: This data element represents the twelfth character in the VIN string for this vehicle.
Additional Information: This data element also appears in the Parkwork data set as PVIN_12.
SAS Name: VIN_12
Attribute Codes
1994-Later
x
Twelfth Character in the VIN String

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 150

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V150

The VEHICLE Data File

Fatalities in Vehicle

Definition: This data element records the number of fatalities that occurred in this vehicle.
Additional Information: The data element is derived by counting all persons with “Injury
Severity” of 4 in the vehicle. The data element “Fatalities” in the Accident data file provides the
number of deaths for the entire crash.
This is a derived data element and is not coded on the form directly. In 1976, this value is
always set to 0.
This data element also appears in the Parkwork data file as PDEATHS.
SAS Name: DEATHS
Attribute Codes
1975-Later
01-99
Number of Fatalities that Occurred in the Vehicle.

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 151

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V151

The VEHICLE Data File

Driver Drinking

Definition: This data element records whether the driver was drinking.
Additional Information: This data element is derived from data elements in the Vehicle and
Person data files. Data are analyzed and if there is "sufficient information" to conclude that a
driver was drinking, i.e., positive BAC data or police-reported alcohol involvement, then a driver
is classified as drinking.
A driver is classified as drinking (alcohol-involved) if the driver has (1) police-reported alcohol
involvement, or (2) a positive alcohol test result.
A driver who is charged with an alcohol violation does not by itself make the driver a "drinking
driver" by this definition.
Note that alcohol data is often missing. For that reason this data element may under-count the
actual number of drinking drivers.
SAS Name: DR_DRINK
Attribute Codes
19751981
0
1
9

1982Later
0
1
--

No Drinking
Drinking
Unknown

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 152

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

D4

The VEHICLE Data File

Driver Presence

Definition: This data element identifies whether a driver was present in this vehicle at the
onset of the unstabilized situation.
Additional Information:
SAS Name: DR_PRES
Attribute Codes
19751977
-1
-2
----

19782008
-1
--2
3
4

2009Later
0
-1
-----

--

4

--

9

9

9

No Driver Present/Not Applicable
Driver Operated Vehicle
Yes
No Driver
Driverless (No Driver)
Driver Left Scene
Motor Vehicle not In-Transport (Parked/Stopped Off Roadway/
Working Motor Vehicle/In Motion Outside Trafficway, 2008 Only)
Motor Vehicle not In-Transport (Parked/Stopped Off
Roadway/Working/ In Motion Outside Trafficway, 2005-2007)
Unknown

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 153

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

D5

The VEHICLE Data File

Driver’s License State

Definition: This element identifies the state of issue for the license held by this driver.
Additional Information:
SAS Name: L_STATE
Attribute Codes
1975-Later
1 Alabama
2 Alaska
3 American Samoa
4 Arizona
5 Arkansas
6 California
8 Colorado
9 Connecticut
10 Delaware
11 District of Columbia
12 Florida
13 Georgia
14 Guam
15 Hawaii
16 Idaho
17 Illinois
18 Indiana
19 Iowa
20 Kansas
21 Kentucky
22 Louisiana
23 Maine
24 Maryland
25 Massachusetts
26 Michigan
27 Minnesota
28 Mississippi
29 Missouri
0
93
94
94
95
96
97
98
99

30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56

Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Puerto Rico
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Virgin Islands (Since 2004)
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming

No Driver Present (Since 2010)
Indian Nation (Since 2009)
Military (1975-2006)
U.S. Government (Since 2007)
Canada
Mexico
Other Foreign Country
Not reported (Since 2010)
Unknown

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 154

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

D6

The VEHICLE Data File

Driver’s ZIP Code

Definition: This data element records the zip code of the driver’s address as listed in the case
material.
Additional Information: Prior to 2011, if no driver was present or the driver presence was
unknown, then this data element was left blank. In SAS, these blank values are represented by
a single dot or period (.).
SAS Name: DR_ZIP
Attribute Codes
19872010
00000
xxxxx
-99999

2011Later
00000
xxxxx
99997
99999

Not a Resident of U. S. or Territories
Actual Zip Code, Five Numeric
No Driver Present/Unknown if Driver Present
Unknown

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 155

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

D7

Non-CDL License Type/Status

D7A

Non-CDL License Type

The VEHICLE Data File

Definition: This data element identifies the type of license held by this driver at the time of the
crash.
Additional Information: Prior to 2011, if no driver was present or the driver presence was
unknown, then this data element was left blank. In SAS, these blank values are represented by
a single dot or period (.).
SAS Name: L_TYPE
Attribute Codes
20042010
0
1
2
-7
8
9
D7B

2011Later
0
1
2
6
7
8
9

Not Licensed
Full Driver License
Intermediate Driver License
No Driver Present/Unknown if Driver Present
Learner’s Permit
Temporary License
Unknown License Type

Non-CDL License Status

Definition: This data element identifies the status of the driver’s license at the time of the
crash.
Additional Information: For 1975-1981, values 3 and 7 make up the valid license category.
For 1982-1986, values 2, 7, and 8 are all valid license categories. For 1987-1992, values 5, 6, 7
and 8 make up the valid license category.
Prior to 2011, if no driver was present or the driver presence was unknown, then this data
element was left blank. In SAS, these blank values are represented by a single dot or period (.).
SAS Name: L_STATUS
Attribute Codes
1975-1981
0
None Required
1
No License, License Required
2
Licensed, But Not for This Type Vehicle
3
Valid License for This Type Vehicle
4
Suspended License
5
Revoked License
6
Expired License
7
Learner's Permit
9
Unknown

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 156

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

D7B

Non- CDL License Status

The VEHICLE Data File

(continued)

Attribute Codes
19821986
0
-1
2
3
4
5
6
---7
---

19871992
-0
--1
2
3
4
5
6
-7
---

19932003
-0
--1
2
3
4
--6
-7
--

20042009
-0
--1
2
3
4
--6
----

2010
-0
--1
2
3
4
--6
----

2011Later
-0
--1
2
3
4
--6
--7

8
9
--

8
9
--

8
9
--

--9

--9

--9

None Required
Not Licensed
None
Valid
Suspended
Revoked
Expired
Cancelled or Denied
Single-Class License
Multiple-Class License
Valid License
Learner's Permit
Learner's Permit/Restricted
No Driver Present/Unknown if Driver
Present
Temporary
Unknown
Unknown License Status

More Information on Driver License Status/Type

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 157

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

D8

The VEHICLE Data File

Commercial Motor Vehicle License Status

Definition: This data element indicates the status of the driver’s Commercial Driver’s License
(CDL) if applicable.
Additional Information: Prior to 2011, if no driver was present or the driver presence was
unknown, then this data element was left blank. In SAS, these blank values are represented by
a single dot or period (.).
SAS Name: CDL_STAT
Attribute Codes
1991-1992
0
No Commercial Driver's License (CDL Not Required)
1
No CDL (CDL Required)
2
No CDL (Unknown if CDL Required)
3
CDL (CDL Not Required)
4
CDL (CDL REQUIRED)
5
CDL (Unknown if CDL Required)
6
Unknown CDL (CDL Not Required)
7
Unknown CDL (CDL Required)
9
Unknown CDL (Unknown if CDL Required)
19932009
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
----

2010
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
--98
99

2011
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
-97
98
99

2012Later
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
-97
-99

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

No Commercial Driver's License (CDL)
Suspended
Revoked
Expired
Cancelled or Denied
Disqualified
Valid
Learner's Permit
Other – Not Valid
Unknown CDL
No Driver Present/Unknown if Driver Present
Not Reported
Unknown License Status

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 158

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

D9

The VEHICLE Data File

Compliance with CDL Endorsements

Definition: This data element identifies whether the vehicle driven at the time of the crash
required endorsement(s) on a Commercial Driver’s License (CDL) and whether this driver was
complying with the CDL endorsements.
Additional Information: Data was not collected prior to 1991.
Prior to 2011, if no driver was present or the driver presence was unknown, then this data
element was left blank. In SAS, these blank values are represented by a single dot or period (.).
SAS Name: L_ENDORS
Attribute Codes
19912009
0
1
2
3
--9

2010
0
1
2
3
-8
9

2011
0
1
2
3
7
8
9

2012Later
0
1
2
3
7
-9

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

No Endorsements Required For This Vehicle
Endorsement(s) Required, Complied With
Endorsement(s) Required, Not Complied With
Endorsement(s) Required, Compliance Unknown
No Driver Present/Unknown if Driver Present
Not Reported
Unknown, if Required

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 159

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

D10

The VEHICLE Data File

License Compliance with Class of Vehicle

Definition: This data element identifies the type of license possessed or not possessed by this
driver for the class of vehicle being driven at the time of the crash.
Additional Information: Data not available before 1982.
Since 2004, this data element addresses license compliance with class of vehicle.
Prior to 2011, if no driver was present or the driver presence was unknown, then this data
element was left blank. In SAS, these blank values are represented by a single dot or period (.).
SAS Name: L_CL_VEH
L_COMPL

1982-1986
1987-Later

1982-1986
0
No License Required
1
No License, License Required
2
Valid License for This Class Vehicle Only
3
One Valid License, but Not for This Class Vehicle
4
Multiple Class Licenses, Valid License for This Class Vehicle
5
Multiple Class Licenses, Not Valid License for This Class Vehicle
9
Unknown
19871992
0
1
2
3
----

19932009
0
1
2
3
--8

2010
0
1
2
3
-7
8

2011
0
1
2
3
6
7
8

2012Later
0
1
2
3
6
-8

9

9

9

9

9

Not Licensed
No License Required for This Class Vehicle
No Valid License for This Class Vehicle
Valid License for This Class Vehicle
No Driver Present/Unknown if Driver Present
Not Reported
Unknown if CDL and/or CDL Endorsement
Required for This Vehicle
Unknown

More Information on Driver License Type Compliance

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 160

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

D11

The VEHICLE Data File

Compliance with License Restrictions

Definition: This data element indicates whether this driver was compliant with restrictions on
their license.
Additional Information: Prior to 2011, if no driver was present or the driver presence was
unknown, then this data element was left blank. In SAS, these blank values are represented by
a single dot or period (.).
SAS Name: L_RESTRI
Attribute Codes
19752009
0
1
2
3
--9

2010
0
1
2
3
-8
9

2011
0
1
2
3
7
8
9

2012Later
0
1
2
3
7
-9

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

No Restrictions or Not Applicable
Restrictions Complied With
Restrictions Not Complied With
Restrictions, Compliance Unknown
No Driver Present/Unknown if Driver Present
Not Reported
Unknown

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 161

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

D12

The VEHICLE Data File

Driver Height

Definition: This data element identifies this driver's height (in inches).
Additional Information: This information was coded in 2 sub fields which are in Feet or in
Inches. If both the Driver Height in Feet and Driver Height in Inches are known then we do the
conversion using (Feet)*12 + inches; If Feet is Unknown or if Inches are 98 (Other) or 99
(Unknown) then DR_HGT=999 (Unknown). Minimum height 2 feet = 24 inches, Maximum height
8 feet 11 inches = 107 inches.
In 2009, if feet and/or inches are unknown (9,99) or blank then the Driver Height is left blank.
However in 2010, if feet and/or inches are unknown (9,99) then the Driver Height is computed
as 999 (Unknown). The Driver Presence data element is not taken into account. In 2011, if feet
and/or inches are unknown (9,99) and Driver Presence is 1, then the Driver Height is computed
as 999 (Unknown) otherwise Driver Height is computed as 998 (No Driver Present/Unknown if
Driver Present).
SAS Name: DR_HGT
Attribute Codes
19982010
24-107
-999

2011Later
24-107
998
999

Actual Height in Inches
No Driver Present/Unknown if Driver Present
Unknown

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Data Element Definitions and Codes • 162

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

D13

The VEHICLE Data File

Driver Weight

Definition: This data element identifies this driver's weight (in pounds).
Additional Information: Prior to 2011, if no driver was present or the driver presence was
unknown, then this data element was left blank. In SAS, these blank values are represented by
a single dot or period (.).
SAS Name: DR_WGT
Attribute Codes
19982010
40-700
-998
999

2011Later
40-700
997
998
999

Actual Weight in Pounds
No Driver Present/Unknown if Driver Present
Other
Unknown

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 163

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

D14

The VEHICLE Data File

Previous Recorded Crashes

Definition: This data element records any previous crashes for this driver that occurred within
five* years of the crash date.
Additional Information: Prior to 2011, if no driver was present or the driver presence was
unknown, then this data element was left blank. In SAS, these blank values are represented by
a single dot or period (.).
* Prior to 2015, the time frame for this data element was any occurrence within three years of
the crash date.
SAS Name: PREV_ACC
Attribute Codes
19751993
0
1-97
98
-99
--

19942010
0
1-97
-98
99
--

2011Later
0
1-97
-98
99
998

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

None
Actual Value
CDL Disqualified
Not Reported on Driving Record
Unknown
No Driver Present/Unknown if Driver Present

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 164

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

D15

The VEHICLE Data File

Previous Recorded Suspensions and Revocations

Definition: This data element records any previous license suspensions or revocations for this
driver that occurred within five* years of the crash date.
Additional Information: If a driver has been disqualified for a CDL this event is recorded in
Previous Recorded Suspensions and Revocations.
Prior to 2011, if no driver was present or the driver presence was unknown, then this data
element was left blank. In SAS, these blank values are represented by a single dot or period (.).
* Prior to 2015, the time frame for this data element was any occurrence within three years of
the crash date.
SAS Name: PREV_SUS
Attribute Codes
19751993
0
1-97
98
99
--

19942010
0
1-97
-99
--

2011Later
0
1-97
-99
998

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

None
Actual Value
CDL Disqualified
Unknown
No Driver Present/Unknown if Driver Present

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 165

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

D16

The VEHICLE Data File

Previous DWI Convictions

Definition: This data element records any previous DWI convictions for this driver that
occurred within five* years of the crash date.
Additional Information: Prior to 2011, if no driver was present or the driver presence was
unknown, then this data element was left blank. In SAS, these blank values are represented by
a single dot or period (.).
* Prior to 2015, the time frame for this data element was any occurrence within three years of
the crash date.
SAS Name: PREV_DWI
Attribute Codes
19751993
0
1-97
98
99
--

19942010
0
1-97
-99
--

2011Later
0
1-97
-99
998

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

None
Actual Value
CDL Disqualified
Unknown
No Driver Present/Unknown if Driver Present

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 166

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

D17

The VEHICLE Data File

Previous Speeding Convictions

Definition: This data element records any previous speeding convictions for this driver that
occurred within five* years of the crash date.
Additional Information: Speeding violations count going too slow, as well as going too fast.
Prior to 2011, if no driver was present or the driver presence was unknown, then this data
element was left blank. In SAS, these blank values are represented by a single dot or period (.).
* Prior to 2015, the time frame for this data element was any occurrence within three years of
the crash date.
SAS Name: PREV_SPD
Attribute Codes
19751993
0
1-97
98
99
--

19942010
0
1-97
-99
--

2011Later
0
1-97
-99
998

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

None
Actual Value
CDL Disqualified
Unknown
No Driver Present/Unknown if Driver Present

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 167

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

D18

The VEHICLE Data File

Previous Other Moving Violation Convictions

Definition: This data element records any other previous moving violations or convictions for
this driver that occurred within five* years of the crash date.
Additional Information: Prior to 2011, if no driver was present or the driver presence was
unknown, then this data element was left blank. In SAS, these blank values are represented by
a single dot or period (.).
* Prior to 2015, the time frame for this data element was any occurrence within three years of
the crash date.
SAS Name: PREV_OTH
Attribute Codes
19751993
0
1-97
98
99
--

19942010
0
1-97
-99
--

2011Later
0
1-97
-99
998

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

None
Actual Value
CDL Disqualified
Unknown
No Driver Present/Unknown if Driver Present

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 168

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

The VEHICLE Data File

D19

Date of First Crash, Suspension or Conviction

D19A

Month of First Crash, Suspension or Conviction

Definition: This data element records the month of the first crash, suspension, or conviction for
this driver that occurred within five* years of the crash date.
Additional Information: Prior to 2011, if no driver was present or the driver presence was
unknown, then this data element was left blank. In SAS, these blank values are represented by
a single dot or period (.).
* Prior to 2015, the time frame for this data element was any occurrence within three years of
the crash date.
SAS Name: FIRST_MO
Attribute Codes
19752010
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
-99

2011Later
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
98
99

No Record
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
No Driver Present/Unknown if Driver Present
Unknown

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 169

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

D19B

The VEHICLE Data File

Year of First Crash, Suspension or Conviction

Definition: This data element records the year of the first crash, suspension, or conviction for
this driver that occurred within five* years of the crash date.
Additional Information: Prior to 2011, if no driver was present or the driver presence was
unknown, then this data element was left blank. In SAS, these blank values are represented by
a single dot or period (.).
* Prior to 2015, the time frame for this data element was any occurrence within three years of
the crash date.
SAS Name: FIRST_YR
Attribute Codes
19751997
0
xx
-99

19982010
0
xxxx
-9999

2011Later
0
xxxx
9998
9999

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

No Record
Actual Year
No Driver Present/Unknown if Driver Present
Unknown

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 170

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

The VEHICLE Data File

D20

Date of Last Crash, Suspension or Conviction

D20A

Month of Last Crash, Suspension or Conviction

Definition: This data element records the month of the last crash, suspension, or conviction for
this driver that occurred within five* years of the crash date.
Additional Information: Prior to 2011, if no driver was present or the driver presence was
unknown, then this data element was left blank. In SAS, these blank values are represented by
a single dot or period (.).
* Prior to 2015, the time frame for this data element was any occurrence within three years of
the crash date.
SAS Name: LAST_MO
Attribute Codes
19752010
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
-99

2011Later
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
98
99

No Record
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
No Driver Present/Unknown if Driver Present
Unknown

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 171

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

D20B

The VEHICLE Data File

Year of Last Crash, Suspension or Conviction

Definition: This data element records the year of the last crash, suspension, or conviction for
this driver that occurred within five* years of the crash date.
Additional Information: Prior to 2011, if no driver was present or the driver presence was
unknown, then this data element was left blank. In SAS, these blank values are represented by
a single dot or period (.).
* Prior to 2015, the time frame for this data element was any occurrence within three years of
the crash date.
SAS Name: LAST_YR
Attribute Codes
19751997
0
xx
-99

19982010
0
xxxx
-9999

2011Later
0
xxxx
9998
9999

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

No Record
Actual Year
No Driver Present/Unknown if Driver Present
Unknown

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 172

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

D22

The VEHICLE Data File

Speeding Related

Definition: This data element records whether the driver's speed was related to the crash as
indicated by law enforcement.
Additional Information: Prior to 2011, if no driver was present or the driver presence was
unknown, then this data element was left blank. In SAS, these blank values are represented by
a single dot or period (.). Prior to 2013, this data element was called “Speed Related.”
SAS Name: SPEEDREL
Attribute Codes
20092010
0
1
-----9

20112012
0
1
----8
9

2013Later
0
-2
3
4
5
8
9

No
Yes
Yes, Racing
Yes, Exceeded Speed Limit
Yes, Too Fast for Conditions
Yes, Specifics Unknown
No Driver Present/Unknown if Driver Present
Unknown

More Information on Speeding

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Data Element Definitions and Codes • 173

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

D24

The VEHICLE Data File

Related Factors- Driver Level

Definition: This data element records factors related to this driver expressed by the
investigating officer.
Additional Information: There are also crash-level related factors in the Accident data file
(CF1, CF2, and CF3), vehicle-level related factors in the Vehicle data file (VEH_SC1 and
VEH_SC2), and person-level related factors in the Person data file (P_SF1, P_SF2, and
P_SF3).
The person-related factors P_SF1, P_SF2, and P_SF3 are all set to 0 for drivers.
The FARS Analyst may have used any of the three data elements (1975-1996) or four data
elements (1997-later) to code a driver-related factor. One must test all of these data elements
to ensure that the selected related factor is included.
Early data files are not consistent with the documentation of the time. The following
interpretation is suggested for current/future analysis.
A police pursuit is an event that is initiated when a law enforcement officer, operating an
authorized emergency vehicle, gives notice to stop (either through the use of visual or audible
emergency signals or a combination of emergency devices) to a motorist who the officer is
attempting to apprehend and that motorist fails to comply with the signal by either maintaining
speed, increasing speed, or taking other evasive action to elude the officer's continued attempts
to stop the motorist. This is recorded if any “Related Factor – Driver Level” is coded as 37.
From 1975 to 1981, see “Related Factors- Crash Level” for attributes under Swerving Due To
and Vision Obscured By.
Some information that had been collected under “Related Factors- Driver Level” is now captured
in “Condition (Impairment) at Time of Crash- Driver or in two Non-Motor Vehicle Occupant data
elements; “Non-Motorist Action/Circumstances Prior to Crash” and “Non-Motorist
Action/Circumstances at Time of Crash.”
SAS Name: DR_CF1, DR_CF2, DR_CF3
DR_CF1, DR_CF2, DR_CF3, DR_CF4
DR_SF1, DR_SF2, DR_SF3, DR_SF4

1975-1996
1997-2009
2010-Later

Attribute Codes
1975-1981
0
None
PHYSICAL/MENTAL CONDITION
1
Drowsy, Sleepy, Asleep, Fatigued
2
Ill, Blackout
3
Depression
4
Reaction to Drugs- Medication
5
Other Drugs (Marijuana, Cocaine, etc.)
6
Inattentive (Talking, Eating, etc.)
7
Physical Impairments
8
Died Prior to Crash

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Data Element Definitions and Codes • 174

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

D24

Related Factors- Driver Level

The VEHICLE Data File

(continued)

Attribute Codes
1975-1981
MISCELLANEOUS CAUSES
20
Leaving Vehicle Unattended with Engine Running Leaving Vehicle Unattended in
Roadway
21
Overloading or Improper Loading of Vehicle with Passengers or Cargo
22
Towing or Pushing Vehicle Improperly
23
Failing to Dim Lights or to Have Lights on When Required
24
Operating Without Required Equipment
25
Creating Unlawful Noise or using Equipment Prohibited by Law
26
Following Improperly
27
Improper or Erratic Lane Changing
28
Failure to Keep in Proper Lane or Running off Road
29
Illegal Driving on Road Shoulder, in Ditch or Sidewalk or on Median
30
Making Improper Entry to or Exit from Trafficway
31
Starting or Backing Improperly
32
Opening Vehicle Closure into Moving Traffic or Vehicle is in Motion
33
Passing Where Prohibited by Posted Signs, Pavement Markings, Hill or Curve, or
School Bus Displaying Warning Not to Pass
34
Passing on Wrong Side
35
Passing with Insufficient Distance or Inadequate Visibility or Failing to Yield to
Overtaking Vehicle
36
Operating the Vehicle in an Erratic, Reckless, Careless, or Negligent Manner
37
High-Speed Chase with Police in Pursuit (Since 1978)
38
Failure to Yield Right of Way
39
Failure to Obey Traffic Signs, Traffic Control Devices or Traffic Officers, Failure to
Observe Safety Zone
40
Passing Through or Around Barrier
41
Failure to Observe Warnings or Instructions on Vehicle Displaying Them
42
Failure to Signal Intentions
43
Giving Wrong Signal
44
Driving Too Fast for Conditions or in Excess of Posted Speed Limit
45
Driving Less Than Posted Maximum
46
Operating at Erratic or Suddenly Changing Speeds
47
Making Right Turn from Left Turn-Lane; Making Left-Turn from Right-Turn Lane
48
Making Improper Turn
49
Failure to Comply With Physical Restrictions of License
50
Driving Wrong Way on One-Way Trafficway
51
Driving on Wrong Side of Road
52
Operator Inexperience
53
Unfamiliar With Roadway
54
Stopping in Roadway (Since 1979)
99
Unknown

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Data Element Definitions and Codes • 175

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D24

Related Factors- Driver Level

The VEHICLE Data File

(continued)

Attribute Codes
1982- 2010- 20152009 2014 Later
0
0
0
None
PHYSICAL / MENTAL CONDITION
1
--Drowsy, Sleepy, Asleep, Fatigued
2
--Ill, Passed Out/Blackout
3
--Emotional (e.g., Depression, Angry, Disturbed)
4
4
4
Reaction to or Failure to Take Drugs/Medication
5
--Other Drugs (Marijuana, Cocaine, etc., 1982-1994)
5
--Under the Influence of Alcohol, Drugs, or Medication (Since 2003)
6
--Inattentive/Careless (Talking, Eating, Car Phones, etc.)
-6
6
Careless Driving (Since 2012)
7
--Restricted to Wheelchair
8
--Paraplegic (1982-1994, See Data element 11)
8
8
8
Road Rage/Aggressive Driving (Since 2004)
9
--Impaired Due to Previous Injury
10
--Deaf (1982-1994)
11
--Other Physical Impairment (Includes Paraplegic Since 1995)
12
12
12
Mother of Dead Fetus/Mother of Infant Born Post Crash
13
13
13
Mentally Challenged (Since 1995)
14
--Failure to Take Drugs/Medication (1995-2004)
15
15
15
Seat Back Not in Normal Position, Seat Back Reclined (Since 2002)
MISCELLANEOUS FACTORS
16
16
16
Police or Law Enforcement Officer (Since 2002)
17
--Running off Road (2000-2003)
18
18
18
Traveling on Prohibited Trafficways (Since 1995)
19
19
19
Legally Driving on Suspended or Revoked License
20
20
20
Leaving Vehicle Unattended with Engine Running; Leaving Vehicle
Unattended in Roadway
21
21
21
Overloading or Improper Loading of Vehicle with Passenger or
Cargo
22
22
22
Towing or Pushing Vehicle Improperly
23
23
23
Failing to Dim Lights or to Have Lights on When Required
24
24
24
Operating Without Required Equipment
25
--Creating Unlawful Noise or Using Equipment Prohibited by Law
26
26
26
Following Improperly
27
27
27
Improper or Erratic Lane Changing
28
--Failure to Keep in Proper Lane or Running off Road (1982-1999)
28
28
-Failure to Keep in Proper Lane (Since 2000)
--28
Improper Lane Usage
29
29
-Illegal Driving on Road Shoulder, in Ditch, or Sidewalk, or on
Median
-29
29
Intentional Illegal Driving on Road Shoulder, in Ditch, or Sidewalk,
or on Median (Since 2014)
30
30
30
Making Improper Entry to or Exit from Trafficway

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D24

Related Factors- Driver Level

The VEHICLE Data File

(continued)

Attribute Codes
19822009
31
32
33

20102014
31
32
33

2015Later
31
32
--

--

--

33

34
-35

34
-35

-34
35

36

36

--

--

--

36

37

--

--

37

37

37

38
39

38
39

38
39

40
41

40
41

40
41

42
43
44

42
---

42
---

44
45
46
46
46
47

-45
---47

-45
---47

48
49
50
51
--

48
-50
51
51

48
-50
-51

52
53

52
53

52
53

Starting or Backing Improperly
Opening Vehicle Closure into Moving Traffic or Vehicle is in Motion
Passing Where Prohibited by Posted Signs, Pavement Markings,
Hill or Curve, or School Bus Displaying Warning Not to Pass
Passing Where Prohibited by Posted Signs, Pavement Markings, or
School Bus Displaying Warning Not to Pass
Passing on Wrong Side
Passing on Right Side
Passing with Insufficient Distance or Inadequate Visibility or Failing
to Yield to Overtaking Vehicle
Operating the Vehicle in an Erratic, Reckless, Careless or Negligent
Manner or Operating at Erratic or Suddenly Changing Speeds
Operating the Vehicle in an Erratic, Reckless, Careless or Negligent
Manner
High-Speed Chase with Police in Pursuit (See Police Pursuits in
Appendix C: Additional Data Element Information)
Police Pursuing this Driver or Police Officer in Pursuit (Since 1994)
(See Police Pursuits in Appendix C: Additional Data Element
Information)
Failure to Yield Right of Way
Failure to Obey Actual Traffic Signs, Traffic Control Devices or
Traffic Officers, Failure to Observe Safety Zone Traffic Laws
Passing Through or Around Barrier
Failure to Observe Warnings or Instructions on Vehicle Displaying
Them
Failure to Signal Intentions
Driving too Fast for Conditions (2008 Only)
Driving too Fast for Conditions or in Excess of Posted Speed Limit
(1982-2007)
Driving in Excess of Posted Speed Limit (2008 Only)
Driving Less Than Posted Maximum
Operating at Erratic or Suddenly Changing Speeds (1982-1994)
Not Used (1995-1997)
Racing (1998-2008)
Making Right Turn from Left-Turn Lane or Making Left Turn from
Right-Turn Lane
Making Improper Turn
Failure to Comply With Physical Restrictions of License (1982-2004)
Driving Wrong Way on One-Way Trafficway
Driving on Wrong Side of Road (Intentionally or Unintentionally)
Driving on Wrong Side of Two-way Trafficway (Intentionally or
Unintentionally)(Since 2014)
Operator Inexperience
Unfamiliar With Roadway

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D24

Related Factors- Driver Level

The VEHICLE Data File

(continued)

Attribute Codes
1982- 2010- 20152009 2014 Later
54
54
54
Stopping in Roadway (Vehicle Not Abandoned)
55
--Underriding a Parked Truck (1982-2008)
56
--Improper Tire Pressure (1982-2005)
57
57
-Locked Wheel
58
58
58
Over Correcting
59
--Getting Off/Out of or On/In to Moving Vehicle (1982-2004)
59
59
-Getting Off/Out of or On/In to a Vehicle (Since 2004)
--59
Getting Off/Out of a Vehicle
60
--Getting Off/Out of or On/In to Non-Moving Vehicle (1982-2004)
VISION OBSCURED BY
61
--Rain, Snow, Fog, Smoke, Sand, Dust (1982-2008)
62
--Reflected Glare, Bright Sunlight, Headlights (1982-2008)
63
--Curve, Hill, or Other Design Features (Including Traffic Signs,
Embankment 1982-2008)
64
--Building, Billboard, etc. (1982-2008)
65
--Trees, Crops, Vegetation (1982-2008)
66
--Motor Vehicle (Including Load 1982-2008)
67
--Parked Vehicle (1982-2008)
68
--Splash or Spray of Passing Vehicle (1982-2008)
69
--Inadequate Defrost or Defog System (1982-2008)
70
--Inadequate Vehicle Lighting System (1982-2008)
71
--Obstructing Angles on Vehicle (1982-2008)
72
--Mirrors- Rear View (1982-2008)
73
--Mirrors- Other (1982-2001)
SPECIAL CIRCUMSTANCES
73
73
73
Driver Has Not Complied with Learners Permit or Intermediate
Driver License Restrictions (GDL Restrictions, Since 2004)
74
--Head Restraints (1982-2001)
74
74
74
Driver Has Not Complied With Physical or Other Imposed
Restrictions (Since 2004)
75
--Broken or Improperly Cleaned Windshield (1982-2008)
76
--Other Obstruction (1982-2008)
SKIDDING, SWERVING, OR SLIDING DUE TO
77
77
77
Severe Crosswind
78
78
78
Wind from Passing Truck
79
79
79
Slippery or Loose Surface
80
80
80
Tire Blow-Out or Flat
81
81
81
Debris or Objects in Road
82
82
82
Ruts, Holes, Bumps in Road
83
83
83
Live Animals in Road
84
84
84
Vehicle in Road
85
85
85
Phantom Vehicle
86
86
86
Pedestrian, Pedalcyclist, or Other Non-Motorist in Road
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D24

Related Factors- Driver Level

The VEHICLE Data File

(continued)

Attribute Codes
19822009
87
88

20102014
87
88

2015Later
87
88

Ice, Water, Snow, Slush, Sand, Dirt, Oil, Wet Leaves on Road
Trailer Fishtailing or Swaying (Since 2001)

SPECIAL CIRCUMSTANCES
89
--Carrying Hazardous Cargo Improperly (1994-2009)
-89
89
Driver has a Driving Record or Driver’s License from More than One
State
90
--Hit-and-Run Vehicle Driver
91
91
91
Non-Traffic Violation Charged (Manslaughter, Homicide or Other
Assault Offense Committed Without Malice, Since 1986)
92
92
92
Other Non-Moving Traffic Violation (1986-2011)
POSSIBLE DISTRACTIONS INSIDE VEHICLE
93
--Cellular Telephone (Since 1991)
94
--Fax Machine (1991-2001)
94
--Cellular Telephone in Use in Vehicle (Since 2002)
95
--Computer (1991-2001)
95
--Computer Fax Machines/Printers (Since 2002)
96
--On-Board Navigation System (Since 1991)
97
--Two-Way Radio (Since 1991)
98
--Head-Up Display (Since 1991)
99

99

99

Unknown

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 179

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

PC5

The VEHICLE Data File

Trafficway Description

Definition: This data element identifies the attribute that best describes the trafficway flow just
prior to this vehicle’s critical precrash event.
Additional Information: In 2010, this data element was no longer collected at the Accident
level. It is now collected at the Vehicle level.
SAS Name: VTRAFWAY
Attribute Codes
20102012
0
-1
2
3
4
5
6
8
9

2013Later
-0
1
2
3
4
5
6
8
9

Non-Trafficway Area
Non-Trafficway or Driveway Access
Two-Way, Not Divided
Two-Way, Divided, Unprotected (Painted > 4 Feet) Median
Two-Way, Divided, Positive Median Barrier
One-Way Trafficway
Two-Way, Not Divided With a Continuous Left-Turn Lane
Entrance/Exit Ramp
Not Reported
Unknown

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 180

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

PC6

The VEHICLE Data File

Total Lanes in Roadway

Definition: This data element identifies the attribute that best describes the number of travel
lanes just prior to this vehicle’s critical precrash event.
Additional Information: The number of lanes refers to the number of lanes of a continuous
cross-section of roadway. For example, a local roadway with one lane going north and one lane
going south would be coded as two lanes. However, if a trafficway is a divided highway with
two lanes going north, a median, and two lanes going south, then the number of lanes is coded
as two. If a trafficway has two lanes going north immediately adjacent to two lanes going south,
one continuous cross-section of roadway, then the number of lanes is coded as four. This data
element can be used with the Trafficway Description data element VTRAFWAY to determine the
trafficway geometry. For example: If (VNUM_LAN= 2) AND (VTRAFWAY=1), then one has a
two-lane roadway that is not physically divided, which is what most people think of as a two-lane
road (i.e., one lane going in each direction).
If the roadway is a divided trafficway, the number of travel lanes counts only lanes in the
direction of travel of the first harmful event. If the roadway is an undivided trafficway, the number
of travel lanes are all the lanes regardless of their direction of travel.
In 2010, this data element was no longer collected at the Accident level. It is now collected at
the Vehicle level.
SAS Name: VNUM_LAN
Attribute Codes
20102012
0
-1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

2013Later
-0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Non-Trafficway Area
Non-Trafficway or Driveway Access
One Lane
Two Lanes
Three Lanes
Four Lanes
Five Lanes
Six Lanes
Seven or More Lanes
Not Reported
Unknown

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 181

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

PC7

The VEHICLE Data File

Speed Limit

Definition: This data element identifies the attribute that best represents the speed limit just
prior to this vehicle’s critical precrash event.
Additional Information: In 2010, this data element was no longer collected at the Accident
level. It is now collected at the Vehicle level.
SAS Name: VSPD_LIM
Attribute Codes
2010
0
--

20112012
0
--

20132015
-0

2016Later
-0

1-97
-98
99

-5-80
98
99

-5-80
98
99

-5-95
98
99

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

No Statutory Limit/Non-Trafficway Area
No Statutory Limit/Non-Trafficway or
Driveway Access
Speed Limit (mph)
Speed Limit (5 mph Increments)
Not Reported
Unknown

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 182

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

PC8

The VEHICLE Data File

Roadway Alignment

Definition: This data element identifies the attribute that best represents the roadway
alignment prior to this vehicle’s critical precrash event.
Additional Information: In 2010, this data element was no longer collected at the Accident
level. It is now collected at the Vehicle level.
SAS Name: VALIGN
Attribute Codes
20102012
0
-1
2
3
4
8
9

2013Later
-0
1
2
3
4
8
9

Non-Trafficway Area
Non-Trafficway or Driveway Access
Straight
Curve Right
Curve Left
Curve – Unknown Direction
Not Reported
Unknown

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 183

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

PC9

The VEHICLE Data File

Roadway Grade

Definition: This data element identifies the attribute that best represents the roadway grade
prior to this vehicle’s critical precrash event.
Additional Information: In 2010, this data element was no longer collected at the Accident
level. It is now collected at the Vehicle level.
Prior to 2010, this data element was called Roadway Profile.
SAS Name: VPROFILE
Attribute Codes
20102012
0
-1
2
3
4
5
6
8
9

2013Later
-0
1
2
3
4
5
6
8
9

Non-Trafficway Area
Non-Trafficway or Driveway Access
Level
Grade, Unknown Slope
Hillcrest
Sag (Bottom)
Uphill
Downhill
Not Reported
Unknown

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 184

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

PC10

The VEHICLE Data File

Roadway Surface Type

Definition: This data element identifies the attribute that best represents the roadway surface
type prior to this vehicle’s critical precrash event.
Additional Information: In 2010, this data element was no longer collected at the Accident
level. It is now collected at the Vehicle level.
SAS Name: VPAVETYP
Attribute Codes
20102012
0
-1
2
3
4
5
7
8
9

2013Later
-0
1
2
3
4
5
7
8
9

Non-Trafficway Area
Non-Trafficway or Driveway Access
Concrete
Blacktop, Bituminous, or Asphalt
Brick or Block
Slag, Gravel or Stone
Dirt
Other
Not Reported
Unknown

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 185

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

PC11

The VEHICLE Data File

Roadway Surface Condition

Definition: This data element identifies the attribute that best represents the roadway surface
condition prior to this vehicle’s critical precrash event.
Additional Information: In 2010, this data element was no longer collected at the Accident
level. It is now collected at the Vehicle level.
SAS Name: VSURCOND
Attribute Codes
20102012
0
-1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
10
11
98
99

2013Later
-0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
10
11
98
99

Non-Trafficway Area
Non-Trafficway Area or Driveway Access
Dry
Wet
Snow
Ice/Frost
Sand
Water (Standing or Moving)
Oil
Other
Slush
Mud, Dirt, Gravel
Not Reported
Unknown

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 186

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

PC12

The VEHICLE Data File

Traffic Control Device

Definition: This data element identifies the attribute that best describes the traffic controls in
the vehicle's environment just prior to this vehicle's critical precrash event.
Additional Information: In 2010, this data element was no longer collected at the Accident
level. It is now collected at the Vehicle level.
SAS Name: VTRAFCON
Attribute Codes
2010
0

2011Later
0

No Controls

TRAFFIC SIGNALS
1
1
Traffic Control Signal (On Colors) Without Pedestrian Signal
2
2
Traffic Control Signal (On Colors) With Pedestrian Signal
3
3
Traffic Control Signal (On Colors) Not Known if Pedestrian Signal
4
4
Flashing Traffic Control Signal
8
8
Other Highway Traffic Signal
9
9
Unknown Highway Traffic Signal
REGULATORY SIGNS
7
7
Lane Use Control Signal
20
20
Stop Sign
21
21
Yield Sign
28
28
Other Regulatory Sign
29
29
Unknown Regulatory Sign
32
23
School Zone Sign/Device
40

40

Warning Sign

50
65
97
98
99

50
65
97
98
99

Person
Railway Crossing Device
Not Reported
Other
Unknown

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 187

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

PC13

The VEHICLE Data File

Traffic Control Device Functioning

Definition: This data element identifies the functionality of the traffic control device recorded for
this vehicle in the data element “Traffic Control Device.”
Additional Information: Data not collected prior to 1982.
In 2010, this data element was no longer collected at the Accident level. It is now collected at
the Vehicle level.
SAS Name: VTCONT_F
Attribute Codes
2010-Later
0
No Controls
1
Device Not Functioning
2
Device Functioning – Functioning Improperly
3
Device Functioning Properly
8
Not Reported
9
Unknown

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 188

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

PC17

The VEHICLE Data File

Pre-Event Movement (Prior To Recognition of Critical Event)

Definition: This data element identifies the attribute that best describes this vehicle's activity
prior to the driver's realization of an impending critical event or just prior to impact if the driver
took no action or had no time to attempt any evasive maneuvers.
Additional Information:
SAS Name: P_CRASH1
Attribute Codes
2010
0
-1
2
-3
-4
-5
-6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
98
99

20112012
0
-1
-2
-3
-4
-5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
98
99

2013Later
-0
1
-2
-3
-4
-5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
98
99

No Driver Present
No Driver Present/Unknown if Driver Present
Going Straight
Decelerating in Traffic Lane
Decelerating in Road
Accelerating in Traffic Lane
Accelerating in Road
Starting in Traffic Lane
Starting in Road
Stopped in Traffic Lane
Stopped in Roadway
Passing or Overtaking Another Vehicle
Disabled or Parked in Travel Lane
Leaving a Parking Position
Entering a Parking Position
Turning Right
Turning Left
Making a U-Turn
Backing Up (Other Than For Parking Position)
Negotiating a Curve
Changing Lanes
Merging
Successful Avoidance Maneuver to a Previous Critical Event
Other
Unknown

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 189

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

PC19

The VEHICLE Data File

Critical Event- Precrash

Definition: This data element identifies the attribute that best describes the critical event which
made this crash imminent (i.e., something occurred which made the collision possible).
Additional Information:
SAS Name: P_CRASH2
Attribute Codes
2010

20112015

2016Later

THIS VEHICLE LOSS OF CONTROL DUE TO:
1
1
1
Blow Out/Flat Tire
2
2
2
Stalled Engine
3
3
3
Disabling Vehicle Failure (e.g., Wheel Fell Off)
4
4
4
Poor Road Conditions (Puddle, Pothole, Ice, etc.)
6
6
6
Traveling Too Fast For Conditions
8
8
8
Other Cause of Control Loss
9
9
9
Unknown Cause of Control Loss
THIS VEHICLE TRAVELING
10
10
10
Over the Lane Line on Left Side of Travel Lane
11
11
11
Over the Lane Line on Right Side of Travel Lane
12
12
12
Off the Edge of the Road on the Left Side
13
13
13
Off the Edge of the Road on the Right Side
14
14
14
End Departure
15
--Turning Left at Intersection
-15
15
Turning Left at Junction
16
--Turning Right at Intersection
-16
16
Turning Right at Junction
17
17
17
Crossing Over (Passing Through) Intersection
18
18
18
This Vehicle Decelerating
19
19
19
Unknown Travel Direction
OTHER MOTOR VEHICLE IN LANE
50
50
50
Other Vehicle Stopped
51
51
51
Traveling In Same Direction with Lower Steady Speed
52
52
52
Traveling In Same Direction while Decelerating
53
53
53
Traveling In Same Direction with Higher Speed
54
54
54
Traveling In Opposite Direction
55
55
55
In Crossover
56
56
56
Backing
59
59
59
Unknown Travel Direction of the Other Motor Vehicle in Lane
OTHER MOTOR VEHICLE ENCROACHING INTO LANE
60
60
60
From Adjacent Lane (Same Direction) Over Left Lane Line
61
61
61
From Adjacent Lane (Same Direction) Over Right Lane Line
62
62
62
From Opposite Direction Over Left Lane Line

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 190

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

PC19

Critical Event- Precrash (Event)

The VEHICLE Data File

(continued)

Attribute Codes
2011- 20162010 2015 Later
63
63
63
From Opposite Direction Over Right Lane Line
64
64
-From Parking Lane, Median, Shoulder, Roadside
--64
From Parking Lane/Shoulder, Median/Crossover, Roadside
65
65
65
From Crossing Street, Turning Into Same Direction
66
66
66
From Crossing Street, Across Path
67
67
67
From Crossing Street, Turning Into Opposite Direction
68
68
68
From Crossing Street, Intended Path Unknown
70
70
70
From Driveway, Turning Into Same Direction
71
71
71
From Driveway, Across Path
72
72
72
From Driveway, Turning Into Opposite Direction
73
73
73
From Driveway, Intended Path Unknown
74
74
74
From Entrance to Limited Access Highway
78
78
78
Encroachment by Other Vehicle – Details Unknown
PEDESTRIAN OR PEDALCYCLIST OR OTHER NON-MOTORIST
80
--Pedestrian in Roadway
-80
80
Pedestrian in Road
81
--Pedestrian Approaching Roadway
-81
81
Pedestrian Approaching Road
82
82
82
Pedestrian Unknown Location
83
--Pedalcyclist/Other Non-Motorist in Roadway
-83
83
Pedalcyclist/Other Non-Motorist in Road
84
--Pedalcyclist/Other Non-Motorist Approaching Roadway
-84
84
Pedalcyclist/Other Non-Motorist Approaching Road
85
85
85
Pedalcyclist/Other Non-Motorist Unknown Location
OBJECT OR ANIMAL
87
---87
87
88
---88
88
89
89
89
90
---90
90
91
---91
91
92
92
92
OTHER
98
98
98
99
99
99

Animal in Roadway
Animal in Road
Animal Approaching Roadway
Animal Approaching Road
Animal – Unknown Location
Object in Roadway
Object in Road
Object Approaching Roadway
Object Approaching Road
Object Unknown Location
Other Critical Precrash Event
Unknown

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 191

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

PC20

The VEHICLE Data File

Attempted Avoidance Maneuver

Definition: This data element identifies the attribute that best describes the movements/actions
taken by this driver, within a critical crash envelope, in response to the “Critical Precrash Event.”
Additional Information: This data element identifies the actions taken by the driver in
response to the impending danger. Because this data element focuses upon the driver's action
just prior to the first harmful event it is coded independently of any maneuvers associated with
this vehicle's “Crash Type.”
SAS Name: P_CRASH3
Attribute Codes
20102012
0
-1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
--98
99
--

20132015
-0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
--98
99
--

2016Later
-0
1
---5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
15
16
98
-99

No Driver Present
No Driver Present/Unknown if Driver Present
No Avoidance Maneuver
Braking (No Lockup)
Braking (Lockup)
Braking (Lockup Unknown)
Releasing Brakes
Steering Left
Steering Right
Braking and Steering Left
Braking and Steering Right
Accelerating
Accelerating and Steering Left
Accelerating and Steering Right
Braking and Unknown Steering Direction
Braking
Other Actions
Unknown
Unknown/Not Reported

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 192

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

PC21

The VEHICLE Data File

Pre-Impact Stability

Definition: This data element identifies the attribute that best describes the stability of this
vehicle after the “Critical Precrash Event,” but before the impact.
Additional Information:
SAS Name: PCRASH4
Attribute Codes
20102012
0
-1
2
3
4
-7
9

2013Later
-0
1
2
3
4
5
7
9

No Driver Present
No Driver Present/Unknown if Driver Present
Tracking
Skidding Longitudinally – Rotation Less Than 30 Degrees
Skidding Laterally – Clockwise Rotation
Skidding Laterally – Counterclockwise Rotation
Skidding Laterally – Rotation Direction Unknown
Other Vehicle Loss-of-Control
Precrash Stability Unknown

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 193

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

PC22

The VEHICLE Data File

Pre-Impact Location

Definition: This data element identifies the attribute that best describes the location of this
vehicle after the “Critical Precrash Event,” but before the impact.
Additional Information:
SAS Name: PCRASH5
Attribute Codes
20102012
0
-1
2
3
4
5
6
7
9

2013Later
-0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
9

No Driver Present
No Driver Present/Unknown if Driver Present
Stayed In Original Travel Lane
Stayed On Roadway, But Left Original Travel Lane
Stayed On Roadway, Not Known if Left Original Travel Lane
Departed Roadway
Remained Off Roadway
Returned to Roadway
Entered Roadway
Unknown

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 194

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

PC23

The VEHICLE Data File

Crash Type

Definition: This data element identifies the attribute that best describes the type of crash this
vehicle was involved in based on the “First Harmful Event” and the precrash circumstances. For
graphic descriptions of possible values see Appendix A: PC23 Crash Type Diagram.
Additional Information:
SAS Name: ACC_TYPE
Attribute Codes
2010-Later
0
No Impact
CATEGORY I: SINGLE DRIVER
CONFIGURATION A: RIGHT ROADSIDE DEPARTURE
1
Drive Off Road
2
Control/Traction Loss
3
Avoid Collision with Vehicle, Pedestrian, Animal
4
Specifics Other
5
Specifics Unknown
CONFIGURATION B: LEFT ROADSIDE DEPARTURE
6
Drive Off Road
7
Control/Traction Loss
8
Avoid Collision With Vehicle, Pedestrian, Animal
9
Specifics Other
10
Specifics Unknown
CONFIGURATION C: FORWARD IMPACT
11
Parked Vehicle
12
Stationary Object
13
Pedestrian/Animal
14
End Departure
15
Specifics Other
16
Specifics Unknown
CATEGORY II: SAME TRAFFICWAY, SAME DIRECTION
CONFIGURATION D: REAR END
20
Stopped
21
Stopped, Straight
22
Stopped, Left
23
Stopped, Right
24
Slower
25
Slower, Going Straight
26
Slower, Going Left
27
Slower, Going Right
28
Decelerating (Slowing)
29
Decelerating (Slowing), Going Straight

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 195

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

PC23

Crash Type

The VEHICLE Data File

(continued)

Attribute Codes
2010-Later
30
Decelerating (Slowing), Going Left
31
Decelerating (Slowing), Going Right
32
Specifics Other
33
Specifics Unknown
CONFIGURATION E: FORWARD IMPACT
34
This Vehicles Frontal Area Impacts Another Vehicle.
35
This Vehicle Is Impacted by Frontal Area of Another Vehicle
36
This Vehicles Frontal Area Impacts Another Vehicle.
37
This Vehicle Is Impacted by Frontal Area of Another Vehicle
38
This Vehicles Frontal Area Impacts Another Vehicle.
39
This Vehicle Is Impacted by Frontal Area of Another Vehicle
40
This Vehicles Frontal Area Impacts Another Vehicle.
41
This Vehicle Is Impacted by Frontal Area of Another Vehicle
42
Specifics Other
43
Specifics Unknown
CONFIGURATION F: SIDESWIPE/ANGLE
44
Straight Ahead on Left.
45
Straight Ahead on Left/Right.
46
Changing Lanes to the Right
47
Changing Lanes to the Left
48
Specifics Other
49
Specifics Unknown
CATEGORY III: SAME TRAFFICWAY, OPPOSITE DIRECTION
CONFIGURATION G: HEAD-ON
50
Lateral Move (Left/Right)
51
Lateral Move (Going Straight)
52
Specifics Other
53
Specifics Unknown
CONFIGURATION H: FORWARD IMPACT
54
This Vehicles Frontal Area Impacts Another Vehicle.
55
This Vehicle Is Impacted by Frontal Area of Another Vehicle
56
This Vehicles Frontal Area Impacts Another Vehicle.
57
This Vehicle Is Impacted by Frontal Area of Another Vehicle
58
This Vehicles Frontal Area Impacts Another Vehicle.
59
This Vehicle Is Impacted by Frontal Area of Another Vehicle
60
This Vehicles Frontal Area Impacts Another Vehicle.
61
This Vehicle Is Impacted by Frontal Area of Another Vehicle
62
Specifics Other
63
Specifics Unknown

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 196

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

PC23

Crash Type

The VEHICLE Data File

(continued)

Attribute Codes
2010-Later
CONFIGURATION I: SIDESWIPE/ANGLE
64
Lateral Move (Left/Right)
65
Lateral Move (Going Straight)
66
Specifics Other
67
Specifics Unknown
CATEGORY IV: CHANGING TRAFFICWAY, VEHICLE TURNING
CONFIGURATION J: TURN ACROSS PATH
68
Initial Opposite Directions (Left/Right)
69
Initial Opposite Directions (Going Straight)
70
Initial Same Directions (Turning Right)
71
Initial Same Directions (Going Straight)
72
Initial Same Directions (Turning Left)
73
Initial Same Directions (Going Straight)
74
Specifics Other
75
Specifics Unknown
CONFIGURATION K: TURN INTO PATH
76
Turn Into Same Direction (Turning Left)
77
Turn Into Same Direction (Going Straight)
78
Turn Into Same Direction (Turning Right)
79
Turn Into Same Direction (Going Straight)
80
Turn Into Opposite Directions (Turning Right)
81
Turn Into Opposite Directions (Going Straight)
82
Turn Into Opposite Directions (Turning Left)
83
Turn Into Opposite Directions (Going Straight)
84
Specifics Other
85
Specifics Unknown
CATEGORY V: INTERSECTING PATHS (VEHICLE DAMAGE)
CONFIGURATION L: STRAIGHT PATHS
86
Striking from the Right
87
Struck on the Right
88
Striking from the Left
89
Struck on the Left
90
Specifics Other
91
Specifics Unknown
CATEGORY VI: MISCELLANEOUS
CONFIGURATION M: BACKING, ETC.
92
Backing Vehicle
93
Other Vehicle or Object (2010-2012)
93
Other Vehicle (2013-Later)
98
Other Crash Type
99
Unknown Crash Type

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 197

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

The VEHICLE Data File

Discontinued VEHICLE Data Elements

Axle

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element counts the total number of axles on the vehicle (and converter
dolly), including the trailing units (includes raised axles).
Additional Information: The major change in this data element from 1994 to 1995 is the count
of axles on the vehicle rather than the deployed axles on the ground. From 1991 to 1994, this
data element counts the total number of deployed axles on the ground for the vehicle including
trailing units. From 1995 to 2007, this data element counts the total number of axles on the
vehicle for the vehicle including trailing units.
This data element was discontinued after 2007.
SAS Name: AXLES
Attribute Codes
19911994
0
2-97
98
99
--

19952007
0
2-97
98
-99

Not Applicable, Not a Medium/Heavy Truck or Bus
Number of Axles
Medium/Heavy Truck or Bus, Number of Axles Unknown
Unknown Vehicle Type
Unknown if Light or Medium/Heavy Truck or Bus

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 198

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Carburetion

The VEHICLE Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies the number of barrels for the engine of this vehicle or a
code indicating that the engine is high-performance, fuel-injected, turbocharged, or
electronically-controlled.
Additional Information: This data element is derived by the VINA analysis system scanning
the VIN for vehicles of model year 1966 and later that have verifiable VIN numbers.
This data element, formerly V129, was discontinued after 2012. See the Vindecode data file for
VIN decoded data elements. Prior to 2013, this data element also appeared in the Person data
file and in the Parkwork data file as PCARBUR.
SAS Name: CARBUR
Attribute Codes
2011-2012
0-8
Actual Number of Barrels
A
1 Barrel, Lower HP
B
1 Barrel, Higher HP
C
1 Barrel, Turbo
D
1 Barrel, Turbo Low HP
E
1 Barrel, Turbo High HP
F
Number of Barrels Not Specified, Fuel injection
G
1 Barrel, Electronically controlled
H
Number of Barrels Not Specified, High performance
J
2 Barrels, Lower HP
K
2 Barrels, Higher HP
L
2 Barrels, Turbo
M
2 Barrels, Turbo Low HP
N
2 Barrels, Turbo High HP
P
2 Barrels, Electronically controlled
Q
Number of Barrels Not Specified, Electronically controlled
R
4 Barrels, Electronically controlled
S
4 Barrels, Lower HP
T
1, 2 or 4 Barrels,Turbo Fuel Injected
U
4 Barrels, Higher HP
V
4 Barrels, Turbo
W
4 Barrels, Turbo Low HP
X
4 Barrels, Turbo High HP
Y
Number of Barrels Not Specified, Turbo
Z
Number of Barrels Not Specified, Super Charged

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Crash Avoidance Maneuver

The VEHICLE Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element is collected to indicate if an avoidance maneuver was taken by
the driver to avoid the crash.
Additional Information: AVOID is the maneuver that the driver executed to attempt to avoid
the crash. See VEH_MAN, Vehicle Maneuver, for the maneuver the driver was executing just
prior to entering a crash situation.
This data element was discontinued after 2009.
SAS Name: AVOID
Attribute Codes
1991-2009
0
No Avoidance Maneuver Reported
1
Braking (Skid Marks Evident)
2
Braking (No Skid Marks; Driver Stated)
3
Braking (Other Reported Evidence)
4
Steering (Evidence or Stated)
5
Steering and Braking (Evidence or Stated)
6
Other Avoidance Maneuver
8
Not Reported / (Inconclusive Since 1999, By Police)

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Cubic Inch Displacement

The VEHICLE Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies the manufacturer’s cubic inch displacement of the
engine pistons for this vehicle.
Additional Information: This data element is derived by the VINA analysis system scanning
the VIN for vehicles of model year 1966 and later that have verifiable VIN numbers.
This data element, formerly V127, was discontinued after 2012. See the Vindecode data file for
VIN decoded data elements. Prior to 2013, this data element also appeared in the Person data
file and in the Parkwork data file as PDISPLACE.
SAS Name: DISPLACE
Attribute Codes
2011-2012
xxx
Actual Cubic Inch Displacement (cid)

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Curb Weight

The VEHICLE Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies the base weight of the series for this vehicle. This is
available for Passenger Type Vehicles only (VINTYPE='P').
Additional Information: This data element is derived by the VINA analysis system scanning
the VIN for vehicles of model year 1966 and later that have verifiable VIN numbers.
This data element, formerly V118, was discontinued after 2012. See the Vindecode data file for
VIN decoded data elements. Prior to 2013, this data element also appeared in the Person data
file and in the Parkwork data file as PVIN_WGT.
SAS Name: VIN_WGT
Attribute Codes
1975-2012
0
1-9998
9999

Not Available
Actual weight of Automobile (lbs)
Unavailable

More Information on VIN Weight- Auto

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Driver Training

The VEHICLE Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element was discontinued after 1986.
Additional Information:
SAS Name: DR_TRAIN
Attribute Codes
1975-1986
0
None
1
High School
2
Commercial
3
School Bus
4
Traffic School
5
Two or More Types
6
Training, Type Unknown (Since 1977)
9
Unknown

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Driver’s Vision Obscured by

The VEHICLE Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element records impediments to a driver’s visual field that were noted in
the case materials.
Additional Information: Most of these data elements can be found in “Related Factor – Driver
Level” from 1982 to 2008. This data element was added here in 2009. In 2010, the data
element was changed to identify all that apply in the crash and was therefore moved to its own
data file, Vision.
SAS Name: D_VISION1, D_VISION2, D_VISION3
Attribute Codes
2009
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
97
98
99

No Obstruction Noted
Rain, Snow, Fog, Smoke, Sand, Dust
Reflected Glare, Bright Sunlight, Headlights
Curve, Hill, or Other Roadway Design Features
Building, Billboard, or Other Structure
Trees, Crops, Vegetation
In-Transport Motor Vehicle (Including Load)
Not-in-Transport Motor Vehicle (Parked, Working)
Splash or Spray of Passing Vehicle
Inadequate Defrost or Defog System
Inadequate Vehicle Lighting System
Obstructing Interior to the Vehicle
External Mirrors
Broken or Improperly Cleaned Windshield
Obstructing Angles on Vehicle
Vision Obscured – No Details
Other Visual Obstruction
Unknown

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Fuel Code

The VEHICLE Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies the fuel type for this vehicle determined by the
manufacturer specification and recommendation.
Additional Information: This data element is derived by the VINA analysis system scanning
the VIN for vehicles of model year 1966 and later that have verifiable VIN numbers.
Prior to 2010, this data element was derived for trucks only. Since 2010 this data element is
coded for all vehicles.
This data element, formerly V121, was discontinued after 2012. See the Vindecode data file for
VIN decoded data elements. Prior to 2013, this data element also appeared in the Person data
file and in the Parkwork data file as PFUECODE.
SAS Name: FLDCD_TR
FUELCODE

1975-2009
2010-2012

Attribute Codes
19752009
-C

20102012
B
C

D
E
F
G
H
M
N
P
9

D
E
F
G
H
M
N
P
9

Electric and Gasoline Hybrid Engine
Gasoline Engine That Can Be Easily Converted to Gaseous-Powered Engine
(Powered by Natural Gas, Propane, etc.)
Diesel
Electric
Flexible Fuel
Gas
Ethanol Fuel Only
Methanol Gas Only
Compressed Natural Gas
Propane
Unknown

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Hazardous Cargo

The VEHICLE Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies the presence of hazardous cargo for this vehicle and
records information about the hazardous cargo when present.
Additional Information: The data element HAZ_CARG is no longer in FARS. It has been
replaced with the following five data elements HAZ_INV, HAZ_PLAC, HAZ_ID, HAZ_CNO, and
HAZ_REL.
SAS Name: HAZ_CARG
Attribute Codes
19821990
0
1
---9

19912006
0
-1
2
3
9

No
Yes
Yes, Placarded
Yes, Not Placarded
Yes, Unknown if Placarded
Unknown

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Most Damaged Area

The VEHICLE Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies the area on this vehicle that was most damaged during
an event in the crash.
Additional Information: Prior to 2010 this data element was called “Principal Point of Impact.”
In 2010 and 2011 it was called “Most Damaged Area.” This data element was replaced with
“Damaged Areas” (MDAREAS) in 2012 which records all damaged areas to this vehicle in the
Damage data file.
The attributes Underride and Override were discontinued in 1993 and “Underride/Override”
became its own data element in 1994. Prior to 1994, the striking vehicle, not the vehicle struck,
determined the underride/override condition. After the crash, in the case of an override or
underride one vehicle is over the other. If the striking vehicle is over the other, then the crash is
an override. If the striking vehicle is under the other, the crash is an underride. See the
information under “Underride/Override” about using and interpreting the data element
UNDERIDE.
This data element also appears in the Person data file and in the Parkwork data file as
PIMPACT2.
SAS Name: IMPACT2
Attribute Codes
19751993
0
1-12
13
14
15
16
---------99

19942009
0
1-12
13
14
--18
--------99

20102011
0
1-12
13
14
---18
61
62
63
81
82
83
98
99

Non-Collision
Clock points
Top
Undercarriage
Underride (1980-1993)
Override (1982-1993)
This Vehicle Set Something in Motion Causing Injury or
Damage (Not a Clock Point, Since 2004)
Set-in-Motion (Not a Clock Point)
Left
Left-Front Half
Left-Back Half
Right
Right-Front Half
Right-Back Half
Not Reported
Unknown

More Information on Impact

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Motorcycle Dry Weight

The VEHICLE Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies the dry weight of this motorcycle model.
Additional Information: This data element is derived by the VINA analysis system scanning
the VIN for vehicles of model year 1966 and later that have verifiable VIN numbers.
This data element, formerly V135, was discontinued after 2012. See the Vindecode data file for
VIN decoded data elements. Prior to 2013, this data element also appeared in the Person data
file and in the Parkwork data file as PMCYCL_WT.
SAS Name: MCYCL_WT
Attribute Codes
2011-2012
xxxx Weight (lbs)

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Motorcycle Engine Displacement (CC)

The VEHICLE Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies the piston bore measured in cubic centimeters for this
motorcycle.
Additional Information: This data element is derived by the VINA analysis system scanning
the VIN for vehicles of model year 1966 and later that have verifiable VIN numbers.
This data element, formerly V124, was discontinued after 2012. See the Vindecode data file for
VIN decoded data elements. Prior to 2013, this data element also appeared in the Person data
file and in the Parkwork data file as PMCYCL_DS.
SAS Name: MCYCL_DS
Attribute Codes
1975-2012
xxxx Actual Displacement (cc)

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Motorcycle Type

The VEHICLE Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This is the VINA Body Type (example, Dirt Bike).
Additional Information: This data element was discontinued after 1981.
SAS Name: MCYCL_TY
Attribute Codes
1975-1981
xx
Two-character representation of the motorcycle type

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Number of Cylinders

The VEHICLE Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies the number of cylinders for the engine of this vehicle.
Additional Information: This data element is derived by the VINA analysis system scanning
the VIN for vehicles of model year 1966 and later that have verifiable VIN numbers.
This data element, formerly V128, was discontinued in 2013. See the Vindecode data file for
VIN decoded data elements. Prior to 2013, this data element also appeared in the Person data
file and in the Parkwork data file as PCYLINDER.
SAS Name: CYLINDER
Attribute Codes
2011-2012
0-18 Number of Cylinders
R
Rotary Engine

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Number of Motorcycle Engine Cycles

The VEHICLE Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies the number of engine cycles for this motorcycle model.
Additional Information: This data element is derived by the VINA analysis system scanning
the VIN for vehicles of model year 1966 and later that have verifiable VIN numbers.
This data element, formerly V136, was discontinued after 2012. See the Vindecode data file for
VIN decoded data elements. Prior to 2013, this data element also appeared in the Person data
file and in the Parkwork data file as PMCYCL_CY.
SAS Name: MCYCL_CY
Attribute Codes
2011-2012
2
Two-stroke engine
4
Four-stroke engine
R
Rotary engine

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Number of Wheels/Drive Wheels

The VEHICLE Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies the number of wheels/driving wheels for this truck
(trucks only, VINTYPE='T'). The length of this data element is two digits; the first position
represents the number of axles on the vehicle times two and the second position represents the
number of drive axles times two.
Additional Information: This data element is derived by the VINA analysis system scanning
the VIN for vehicles of model year 1966 and later that have verifiable VIN numbers.
This data element, formerly V130, was discontinued after 2012. See the Vindecode data file for
VIN decoded data elements. Prior to 2013, this data element also appeared in the Person data
file and in the Parkwork data file as PWHLDRWHL.
SAS Name: WHLDRWHL
Attribute Codes
2011-2012
xx
Number of Wheels (1st digit) followed by the Number of Drive Wheels (2nd digit)

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Original Tire Size

The VEHICLE Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies the manufacturer’s original equipment specified tire
size for the series of this vehicle. The length of this data element is six characters; the first two
positions represent rim size and the remaining four positions represent tire size.
Additional Information: This data element is derived by the VINA analysis system scanning
the VIN for vehicles of model year 1966 and later that have verifiable VIN numbers.
This data element, formerly V126, was discontinued after 2012. See the Vindecode data file for
VIN decoded data elements. Prior to 2013, this data element also appeared in the Person data
file and in the Parkwork data file as PTIRE_SZE.
SAS Name: TIRE_SZE
Attribute Codes
2011-2012
xxxxxx

6-Character Tire Size

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Sequence of Events

The VEHICLE Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: The events in sequence related to this motor vehicle, regardless of injury and/or
property damage. Events for the vehicle are recorded in the order in which they occur, timewise, from the PAR narrative and diagram.
Additional Information: Starting in 2004, HARM_EV, M_HARM and the sequence of events
data elements have the same values. The harmful event values were modified to be consistent
with the sequence of event data elements.
SAS Name: SEQ1, SEQ2, SEQ3, SEQ4, SEQ5, SEQ6
Attribute Codes
2004-2009
1
Rollover/Overturn
2
Fire/Explosion
3
Immersion
4
Gas Inhalation
5
Fell/Jumped from Vehicle
6
Injured in Vehicle
7
Other Non-Collision
8
Pedestrian
9
Pedalcycle
10
Railway Train
11
Animal
12
Motor Vehicle in Transport on Same Roadway
13
Motor Vehicle in Transport on Other Roadway
14
Parked Motor Vehicle
15
Non-Motorist on Personal Conveyance
16
Thrown or Falling Object
17
Boulder
18
Other Object (Not Fixed)
19
Building
20
Impact Attenuator/Crash Cushion
21
Bridge Pier or Abutment
22
Bridge Parapet End
23
Bridge Rail
24
Guardrail Face
25
Concrete Traffic Barrier
26
Other Traffic Barrier
27
Highway/Traffic Sign Post
28
Overhead Sign Support/Sign
29
Luminary/Light Support
30
Utility Pole
31
Other Post, Other Pole, or Other Support
32
Culvert

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Sequence of Events

The VEHICLE Data File

(continued)

Attribute Codes
2004-2009
33
Curb
34
Ditch
35
Embankment – Earth
36
Embankment – Rock, Stone, or Concrete
37
Embankment – Material Type Unknown
38
Fence
39
Wall
40
Fire Hydrant
41
Shrubbery
42
Tree (Standing Only)
43
Other Fixed Object
44
Pavement Surface Irregularity
45
Working Construction, Maintenance or Utility Vehicles
46
Traffic Signal Support
47
Vehicle Occupant Struck or Run Over by Own Vehicle
48
Collision With Snow Bank
49
Ridden Animal or Animal-Drawn Conveyance
50
Bridge Overhead Structure
51
Jackknife
52
Guardrail End
53
Mail Box
54
Motor Vehicle Struck by Falling/Shifting Cargo or Anything Set in Motion by Another
Motor Vehicle in Transport
55
Other Not in-Transport Motor Vehicle (2005-2007)
55
Motor Vehicle in Motion Outside the Trafficway (Since 2008)
57
Cable Barrier (Since 2008)
60
Cargo/Equipment Loss or Shift
61
Equipment Failure (Blown Tire, Brake Failure, etc.)
62
Separation of Units
63
Ran Off Road – Right
64
Ran Off Road – Left
65
Cross Median/Centerline
66
Downhill Runaway
67
Vehicle Went Airborne
99
Unknown

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Truck Shipping Weight

The VEHICLE Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies the shipping weight for the shortest wheel base of this
truck model.
Additional Information: This data element is derived by the VINA analysis system scanning
the VIN for vehicles of model year 1966 and later that have verifiable VIN numbers.
This data element, formerly V132, was discontinued after 2012. See the Vindecode data file for
VIN decoded data elements. Prior to 2013, this data element also appeared in the Person data
file and in the Parkwork data file as PTRK_WT.
SAS Name: TRK_WT
Attribute Codes
2011-2012
xxxxx

Actual Shipping Weight (lbs)

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Truck Shipping Weight Variance

The VEHICLE Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies the difference (coded in 100 pound increments)
between the shipping weights of the shortest wheel base and the longest wheel base for this
truck model. (e.g., a 200 lb. difference appears as “02”.) Incremental weights for optional
equipment are not included.
Additional Information: This data element is derived by the VINA analysis system scanning
the VIN for vehicles of model year 1966 and later that have verifiable VIN numbers.
This data element, formerly V133, was discontinued after 2012. See the Vindecode data file for
VIN decoded data elements. Prior to 2013, this data element also appeared in the Person data
file and in the Parkwork data file as PTRKWTVAR.
SAS Name: TRKWTVAR
Attribute Codes
2011-2012
xx
Shipping Weight Variance (100 lbs)

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Truck Ton Rating

The VEHICLE Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies the payload capacity of this vehicle based on
manufacturer’s specifications. The length of this data element is two characters. A single code
indicates a single capacity rating. Two codes indicate a range of capacity rating. For example, a
Ford F150 pickup truck with a payload capacity from ½ to ¾ tons would have a rating of “BC.”
Additional Information: This data element is derived by the VINA analysis system scanning
the VIN for vehicles of model year 1966 and later that have verifiable VIN numbers.
This data element, formerly V131, was discontinued after 2012. See the Vindecode data file for
VIN decoded data elements. Prior to 2013, this data element also appeared in the Person data
file and in the Parkwork data file as PTON_RAT.
SAS Name: TON_RAT
Attribute Codes
2011-2012
A
¼
B
½
C
¾
D
1
E
1½
F
1¾
G
2
H
2½
I
3
J
3½
K
4
L
4½
M
5
N
6
O
7
P
8
Q
9
R
10 and Over

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Truck VIN Restraint Type

The VEHICLE Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies restraint type information for this truck. This includes
information about vehicle seat belts and air bags.
Additional Information: This data element is derived by the VINA analysis system scanning
the VIN for vehicles of model year 1966 and later that have verifiable VIN numbers.
This data element, formerly V134, was discontinued after 2012. See the Vindecode data file for
VIN decoded data elements. Prior to 2013, this data element also appeared in the Person data
file and in the Parkwork data file as PVIN_REST.
SAS Name: VIN_REST
Attribute Codes
2011-2012
A
Active (Manual) Belts
B
Driver Front Air Bag/Passenger Side Belt Unknown
C
Dual Front Air Bags/Belt System Unknown
D
Dual Front Air Bag/Passenger Side Passive Belts
E
Dual Front Air Bags/Active Belts
F
Dual Front Air Bags/Passive Belts
G
Dual Air Bags Front and Side/Belts Unknown
H
Dual Air Bags Front, Head and Sides/Belts Unknown
I
Dual Air Bags Front, Head and Sides/Passive Belts
J
Dual Air Bags Front and Sides/Passive Belts
K
Dual Air Bags Front and Sides/Active Belts
L
Dual Air Bags Front, Head and Sides/Active Belt
M
Driver Front Air Bag/Passenger Side Active Belt
N
If Unable To Determine
P
Passive (Automatic) Belts
R
Dual Air Bags Front and Side/Active Belts w/ Automatic Passenger Sensor
S
Dual Air Bags Front, Head, and Side/Active Belts w/ Automatic Passenger Sensor
T
Dual Air Bags Front/Active Belts/Rear Passenger Side Air Bag
U
Dual Front Air Bags/Active Belts With Passenger Side Deactivation Cutoff Switch
V
Dual Air Bags Front, Head and Side/Active Belts/Rear Dual Side Air Bags
W
Dual Air Bags Front, Head and Side/Active Belts w/ Automatic Passenger Sensor/
Rear Dual Side Airbags
X
Dual Air Bags Front/Side Air Bag, Driver-Side Only/Active Belts
Y
Dual Front and Side Air Bags With Passenger Deactivation Switch
3
Dual Front and Head Airbags With Passenger Sensor; Active Belts
4
Dual Front Airbags With Passenger Sensor; Active Belts
7
Dual Front, Side and Head Airbags, Rear Head Airbags; Active Belts
9
Unknown

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Truck Weight Rating

The VEHICLE Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies weight ranges for this truck of model year 1966 and
later based on manufacturer specifications.
Additional Information: This data element is derived by the VINA analysis system scanning
the VIN for vehicles of model year 1966 and later that have verifiable VIN numbers.
Often coded as 9 for buses.
This data element, formerly V123, was discontinued after 2012. See the Vindecode data file for
VIN decoded data elements. Prior to 2013, this data element also appeared in the Person data
file and in the Parkwork data file as PWGTCD_TR.
SAS Name: WGTCD_TR
Attribute Codes
1975-2012
1
6,000 lbs or Less
2
6,001 - 10,000 lbs
3
10,001 - 14,000 lbs
4
14,001 - 16,000 lbs
5
16,001 - 19,500 lbs
6
19,501 - 26,000 lbs
7
26,001 - 33,000 lbs
8
33,001 and Up
9
Unknown

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Vehicle Maneuver

The VEHICLE Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element captures the driver’s action, or intended action, prior to the
commencement of the unstabilized event as indicated on the crash report.
Additional Information: This data element was discontinued after 2009.
VEH_MAN is the maneuver that the driver was executing just prior to entering a crash situation.
For the maneuver that the driver executed to attempt to avoid the crash, see the data element
AVOID under Crash Avoidance Maneuver.
SAS Name: VEH_MAN
Attribute Codes
1982-2009
1
Going Straight
2
Slowing or Stopping in Traffic Lane
3
Starting in Traffic Lane
4
Stopped in Traffic Lane
5
Passing or Overtaking another Vehicle
6
Leaving a Parked Position
7
Parked
8
Entering a Parked Position
9
Maneuvering to Avoid
10
Turning Right: Right Turn on Red Permitted
11
Turning Right: Right Turn on Red Not Permitted
12
Turning Right: Right Turn on Red Not Applicable or Not Known if Permitted
13
Turning Left
14
Making a U-Turn
15
Backing Up (Not Parking)
16
Changing Lanes or Merging
17
Negotiating a Curve
98
Other
99
Unknown

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Vehicle Role

The VEHICLE Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element Indicates the vehicle’s role in single or multi-vehicle crashes.
Additional Information: This data element was discontinued after 2009.
Note when a vehicle is both striking and struck, i.e., Value = 3, the event cannot simultaneously
be at the same point of the vehicle. A vehicle must have at least one striking impact point and a
struck impact point. A classic example is a chain reaction rear-end crash, where a vehicle
which is both striking and struck is located within the chain.
SAS Name: IMPACTS
Attribute Codes
1975-2009
0
Non-Collision
1
Striking
2
Struck
3
Both
9
Unknown

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Violations Charged

The VEHICLE Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies violations charged to this driver in this crash.
Additional Information: This data element was changed in 2010 to identify all violations
charged in the crash and was therefore moved to its own data file, Violatn.
SAS Name: VIOL_CHG
VIOLCHG1, VIOLCHG2, VIOLCHG3

1975-1996
1997-2009

Attribute Codes
19751981
0
1
-2
-------9

19821996
0
-1
-2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

None
Yes
Alcohol or Drugs
Pending
Speeding
Alcohol or Drugs and Speeding
Reckless Driving
Driving With Suspended or Revoked License
Other Moving Violation
Non-Moving Violation
Violation, Type Unknown or Other Violation
Unknown

1997-2009
0
None
RECKLESS/CARELESS/HIT-AND-RUN OFFENSES
1
Manslaughter or Homicide
2
Willful Reckless Driving; Driving to Endanger; Negligent Driving
3
Unsafe Reckless (Not Willful, Wanton Reckless) Driving
4
Inattentive, Careless, Improper Driving
5
Fleeing or Eluding Police
6
Fail to Obey Police, Fireman, Authorized Person Directing Traffic
7
Hit-and-Run, Fail to Stop After Crash
8
Fail to Give Aid, Information, Wait for Police after Crash
9
Serious Violation Resulting in Death

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Violations Charged

The VEHICLE Data File

(continued)

1997-2009
IMPAIRMENT OFFENSES
11
Driving While Intoxicated (Alcohol or Drugs) or BAC above Limit (Any Detectable BAC
for CDLs)
12
Driving While Impaired; Driving Under Influence of Substance Not Intended to
Intoxicate
13
Driving under Influence of Substance not intended to intoxicate
14
Drinking While Operating
15
Illegal Possession of Alcohol or Drugs
16
Driving With Detectable Alcohol
18
Refusal to Submit to Chemical Test
19
Alcohol, Drug, or Impairment Violations Generally
SPEED-RELATED OFFENSES
21
Racing
22
Speeding (Above the Speed Limit)
23
Speed Greater Than Reasonable and Prudent (Not Necessarily Over the Limit)
24
Exceeding Special Speed Limit (e.g., for Trucks, Buses, Cycles, or on Bridge, in
School Zone, etc.)
25
Energy Speed (Exceeding 55 mph, Non-Pointable)
26
Driving Too Slowly
29
Speed-Related Violations Generally
RULES OF THE ROAD – TRAFFIC SIGN & SIGNALS
31
Fail to Stop for Red Signal
32
Fail to Stop for Flashing Red
33
Violation of Turn on Red (Fail to Stop & Yield, Yield to Pedestrians before Turning)
34
Fail to Obey Flashing Signal (Yellow or Red)
35
Fail to Obey Signal Generally
36
Violate RR Grade Crossing Device/Regulations
37
Fail to Obey Stop Sign
38
Fail to Obey Yield Sign
39
Fail to Obey Traffic Control Device Generally
RULES OF THE ROAD – TURNING, YIELDING, SIGNALING
41
Turn in Violation of Traffic Control (Disobey Signs, Turn Arrow Or Pavement Markings;
This Is Not A Right-On-Red Violation)
42
Improper Method & Position of Turn (Too Wide, Wrong Lane)
43
Fail to Signal for Turn or Stop
45
Fail to Yield to Emergency Vehicle
46
Fail to Yield Generally
48
Enter Intersection When Space Insufficient
49
Turn, Yield, Signaling Violations Generally

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Violations Charged

The VEHICLE Data File

(continued)

1997-2009
RULES OF THE ROAD – WRONG SIDE, PASSING & FOLLOWING
51
Driving Wrong Way on One-Way Road
52
Driving on Left, Wrong Side of Road Generally
53
Improper, Unsafe Passing
54
Pass on Right (Drive off Pavement to Pass)
55
Pass Stopped School Bus
56
Fail to Give Way When Overtaken
58
Following Too Closely
59
Wrong Side, Passing, Following Violations Generally
RULES OF THE ROAD – LANE USAGE
61
Unsafe or Prohibited Lane Change
62
Improper Use of Lane (Enter of 3-Lane Road, HOV Designated Lane)
63
Certain Traffic to Use Right Lane (Trucks, Slow Moving, etc.)
66
Motorcycle Lane Violations (More than two per Lane, Riding Between Lanes, etc.)
67
Motorcyclist Attached to another Vehicle
69
Lane Violations Generally
NON-MOVING – LICENSE & REGISTRATION VIOLATIONS
71
Driving While License Withdrawn
72
Other Driver License Violations
73
Commercial Driver Violations
74
Vehicle Registration Violations
75
Fail to Carry Insurance Card
76
Driving Uninsured Vehicle
79
Non-Moving Violations Generally
EQUIPMENT
81
Lamp Violations
82
Brake Violations
83
Failure to Require Restraint Use (By Self or Passenger)
84
Motorcycle Equipment Violations (Helmet, Special Equipment)
85
Violation of Hazardous Cargo Regulations
86
Size, Weight, Load Violations
89
Equipment Violations Generally
OTHER VIOLATIONS
91
Parking
92
Theft, Unauthorized Use of Motor Vehicle
93
Driving Where Prohibited (Sidewalk, Limited Access, Off Truck Route)
98
Other Moving Violation
99
Unknown Violation

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VIN Body Type

The VEHICLE Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies the two-character representation of this vehicle’s body
style.
Additional Information: This data element is derived by the VINA analysis system scanning
the VIN for vehicles of model year 1966 and later that have verifiable VIN numbers. The VINA
program decodes these data and partitions vehicles into three classes, passenger vehicles,
trucks, and motorcycles.
This data element, formerly V116, was discontinued after 2012. See the Vindecode data file for
VIN decoded data elements. Prior to 2013, this data element also appeared in the Person data
file and in the Parkwork data file as PVIN_BT.
SAS Name: VIN_BT
Attribute Codes
19822009
2D
2F
2H
2L
2P
2T
2W
2W
--3D
---4D
4H
4L
4P
4T
4W
4W
5D
8V
AC
AM
AR
AT
BU
-CB
CB

20102012
2D
2F
2H
2L
2P
2T
2W
2W
3B
3C
3D
3P
4B
4C
4D
4H
4L
4P
4T
4W
4W
5D
8V
AC
AM
AR
AT
BU
C4
CB
CB

Passenger Vehicle Sedan 2-Door
Passenger Vehicle Formal Hardtop 2-Door
Passenger Vehicle Hatchback 2-Door
Passenger Vehicle Liftback 3-Door
Passenger Vehicle Pillard Hardtop 2-Door
Passenger Vehicle Hardtop 2-Door
Truck 2-Door Wagon/Sport Utility
Passenger Vehicle Wagon 2-Door
Truck 3-Door Extended Cab/Chassis
Truck 3-Door Extended Cab Pickup
Passenger Vehicle Runabout 3-Door
Passenger Vehicle Coupe 3-Door
Truck 4-Door Extended Cab/Chassis
Truck 4-Door Extended Cab Pickup
Passenger Vehicle Sedan 4-Door
Passenger Vehicle Hatchback 4-Door
Passenger Vehicle Liftback 5-Door
Passenger Vehicle Pillard Hardtop 4-Door
Passenger Vehicle Hardtop 4-Door
Truck 4-Door Wagon/Sport Utility
Passenger Vehicle Wagon 4-Door
Passenger Vehicle Sedan 5-Door
Truck 8-Passenger Sport Van
Truck Auto Carrier
Passenger Vehicle Ambulance
Truck Armored Truck
Motorcycle All-Terrain
Bus
Passenger Vehicle Coupe 4-Door
Truck Chassis and Cab
Passenger Vehicle Cab & Chassis (Luv)

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V116

VIN Body Type

The VEHICLE Data File

(continued)

Attribute Codes
19822009
CC
CG
CH
CL
CM
CP
CP
CR
CS
CU
CV
CV
CY
DP
DS
EC
EN
ES
EV
EW
FB
FC
FT
GG
GL
GN
HB
HO
HR
HT
IC
IE
-LB
LG
LL
LM
-MH
MK
MN
MM

2010Later
CC
CG
CH
CL
CM
CP
CP
CR
CS
CU
CV
CV
CY
DP
DS
EC
EN
ES
EV
EW
FB
FC
FT
GG
GL
GN
HB
HO
HR
HT
IC
IE
IN
LB
LG
LL
LM
LM
MH
MK
MM
MP

Truck Conventional Cab
Truck Cargo Van
Truck Crew Chassis
Truck Club Chassis
Truck Concrete or Transit Mixer
Truck Crew Pickup
Passenger Vehicle Coupe
Truck Crane
Truck Super Cab/Chassis Pickup
Truck Custom Pickup
Truck Convertible (Jeep Commando, Suzuki Samurai, Dodge Dakota)
Passenger Vehicle Convertible
Truck Cargo Cutaway
Truck Dump
Truck Tractor Truck (Diesel)
Truck Extended Cargo Van
Motorcycle Enduro
Truck Extended Sport Van
Truck Extended Van
Truck Extended Window Van
Truck Flat-bed or Platform
Truck Forward Control
Truck Fire Truck
Truck Garbage or Refuse
Truck Gliders
Truck Grain
Passenger Vehicle Hatchback Number Doors Unknown
Truck Hopper
Passenger Vehicle Hearse
Passenger Vehicle Hardtop Number Doors Unknown
Truck Incomplete Chassis
Truck Incomplete Ext Van
Passenger Vehicle Incomplete Passenger
Passenger Vehicle Liftback
Truck Logger
Truck Suburban & Carry-All
Passenger Vehicle Limousine
Truck Limousine
Truck Motorized Home
Motorcycle Mini-Bike
Motorcycle Mini Moto Cross
Motorcycle Moped

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V116

VIN Body Type

The VEHICLE Data File

(continued)

Attribute Codes
19822009
MP
MR
MS
MV
-MX
MY
MY
NB
--PC
PD
PK
PK
PM
PN
PS
RC
PN
RD
RD
RS
RT
S1
S2
SB
SC
SD
SN
SP
ST
SV
SV
SW
SW
T
TB
TL
TL
TM
TN

2010Later
MP
MR
MS
MV
MW
MX
MY
MY
NB
P2
P2
PC
PD
PK
PK
PM
PN
PS
RC
PN
RD
RD
RS
RT
S1
S2
SB
SC
SD
SN
SP
ST
SV
SV
SW
SW
T
TB
TL
TL
TM
TN

Truck Multipurpose
Motorcycle Mini Road/Trail
Motorcycle Motor Scooter
Truck Maxi-Van
Truck Maxi Wagon
Motorcycle Moto Cross
Truck Motorized Cutaway
Motorcycle Mini-Cycle
Passenger Vehicle Notchback
Passenger Vehicle 2-Passenger Low Speed
Passenger Vehicle 4-Passenger Low Speed
Truck Club Cab Pickup
Truck Parcel Delivery
Truck Pickup
Passenger Vehicle Pickup, Truck Commonly Registered Passengers
Truck Pickup with Camper Mounted on Bed
Truck Panel
Truck Super Cab Pickup
Motorcycle Racer
Passenger Vehicle Panel, Truck Commonly Registered as Passengers
Truck Roadster (Jeep, Jeep Commando)
Passenger Vehicle Roadster
Motorcycle Road/Street
Motorcycle Road/Trail
Truck One-Seat
Truck Two-Seat
Passenger Vehicle Sport Hatchback
Passenger Vehicle Sport Coupe
Passenger Vehicle Sedan, number doors unknown
Truck Step Van
Truck Sport Pickup
Truck Stake or Rack
Truck Sports Van
Passenger Vehicle Sport Van
Passenger Vehicle Station Wagon
Truck Station Wagon (Jeep Wagoneer, etc.)
Motorcycle Dirt
Truck Tilt Cab
Truck Tilt Tandem
Motorcycle Trail/Dirt
Truck Tandem
Truck Tank

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V116

VIN Body Type

The VEHICLE Data File

(continued)

Attribute Codes
1982- 20102009 Later
TR
TR
TR
TR
UT
UT
UT
UT
VC
VC
VD
VD
VN
VN
VT
VT
VW
VW
WK
WK
WW WW
WW WW
XT
XT
YY
YY
99
99

Motorcycle Trails
Truck Tractor (Gasoline)
Passenger Vehicle Utility, truck commonly registered as passenger
Truck Utility (Blazer, Jimmy, Scout, etc.)
Truck Van Camper
Truck Display Van
Truck Van
Truck Vanette (Includes Metro and Handy Van)
Truck Window Van
Truck Tow Truck Wrecker
Truck Wide Wheel Wagon
Passenger Vehicle Wide-Wheel Wagon
Truck Travel-all
Truck Cutaway
Unknown

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VIN Length

The VEHICLE Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies the actual length of the VIN for this vehicle.
Additional Information: This data element is derived by the VINA analysis system scanning
the VIN for vehicles of model year 1966 and later that have verifiable VIN numbers.
This data element, formerly V125, was discontinued after 2012. See the Vindecode data file for
VIN decoded data elements. Prior to 2013, this data element also appeared in the Parkwork
data file as PVIN_LNGT.
SAS Name: VIN_LNGT
Attribute Codes
1981-2012
1-17 Actual Value
99
Unknown VIN Length

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VIN Make

The VEHICLE Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies the National Crime Information Center (NCIC) Standard
Make Abbreviation for this vehicle.
Additional Information: This data element is derived by the VINA analysis system scanning
the VIN for vehicles of model year 1966 and later that have verifiable VIN numbers. For a listing
of these codes please refer to the Polk VINtelligence Manual.
This data element, formerly V114, was discontinued after 2012. See the Vindecode data file for
VIN decoded data elements. Prior to 2013, this data element also appeared in the Person data
file and in the Parkwork data file as PVINMAKE.
SAS Name: VINMAKE
Attribute Codes
2010-2012
xxxx 4-Character Make Abbreviation

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VIN Model

The VEHICLE Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies the VIN model for this vehicle obtained from the VINA
program.
Additional Information: This data element is derived by the VINA analysis system scanning
the VIN for vehicles of model year 1966 and later that have verifiable VIN numbers. For a listing
of these codes please refer to the Polk VINtelligence Manual.
If one needs to select cars based on make and model the data element of choice is VINA_MOD
rather than MAK_MOD.
The VINA_MOD is only unique within the vehicle make. That is, different makes of vehicles can
have the same VINA_MOD. To ensure that the correct vehicle is selected the data element
MAKE or VIN_MAKE (available 2010 and later) must be used in conjunction with VINA_MOD.
The data elements VINA_MOD, MAKE and VINMAKE are in the Vehicle data file and the
Person data file.
This data element, formerly V115, was discontinued after 2012. See the Vindecode data file for
VIN decoded data elements. Prior to 2013, this data element also appeared in the Person data
file and in the Parkwork data file as PVINA_MOD.
SAS Name: VINA_MOD
Attribute Codes
1975-2012
xxx
3-Character Model (Series) Abbreviation

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FARS Analytical User’s Manual

VIN Model Year

The VEHICLE Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies the model year of this vehicle.
Additional Information: This data element is derived by the VINA analysis system scanning
the VIN for vehicles of model year 1966 and later that have verifiable VIN numbers.
This data element, formerly V117, was discontinued after 2012. See the Vindecode data file for
VIN decoded data elements. Prior to 2013, this data element also appeared in the Person data
file and in the Parkwork data file as PVINMODYR.
SAS Name: VINMODYR
Attribute Codes
2010-2012
xx
2-Digit Model Year

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VIN Truck Series

The VEHICLE Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies the model (series) of this truck.
Additional Information: This data element is derived by the VINA analysis system scanning
the VIN for vehicles of model year 1966 and later that have verifiable VIN numbers. For a listing
of these codes please refer to the Polk VINtelligence Manual.
This data element, formerly V122, was discontinued after 2012. See the Vindecode data file for
VIN decoded data elements. Prior to 2013, this data element also appeared in the Person data
file and in the Parkwork data file as PSER_TR.
SAS Name: SER_TR
Attribute Codes
1975-2012
xxx
3-Character Model (Series) Abbreviation

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FARS Analytical User’s Manual

VIN Vehicle Type

The VEHICLE Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies the basic vehicle type of his vehicle from the VINA
program.
Additional Information: This data element is derived by the VINA analysis system scanning
the VIN for vehicles of model year 1966 and later that have verifiable VIN numbers.
This data element, formerly V113, was discontinued after 2012. See the Vindecode data file for
VIN decoded data elements. Prior to 2013, this data element also appeared in the Person data
file and in the Parkwork data file as PVINTYPE.
SAS Name: VINTYPE
Attribute Codes
2010-2012
P
Passenger Vehicle
T
Truck
M
Motorcycle
U
Unknown

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FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Wheelbase Short

The VEHICLE Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies the shortest wheelbase respectively for the
manufactured model of this vehicle.
Additional Information: This data element is derived by the VINA analysis system scanning
the VIN for vehicles of model year 1966 and later that have verifiable VIN numbers.
This data element, formerly V119, was discontinued after 2012. See the Vindecode data file for
VIN decoded data elements. Prior to 2013, this data element also appeared in the Person data
file and in the Parkwork data file as PWHLBS_SH.
SAS Name: WHLBS_SH
Attribute Codes
1975-2012
0
1-9998
9999

Value Not Available from the VINA Program
Actual Value (in)
Value Not Coded

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Wheelbase Long

The VEHICLE Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies the longest wheelbase respectively for the
manufactured model of this vehicle.
Additional Information: This data element is derived by the VINA analysis system scanning
the VIN for vehicles of model year 1966 and later that have verifiable VIN numbers.
This data element, formerly V120, was discontinued after 2012. See the Vindecode data file for
VIN decoded data elements. Prior to 2013, this data element also appeared in the Person data
file and in the Parkwork data file as PWHLBS_LG.
SAS Name: WHLBS_LG
Attribute Codes
1975-2012
0
1-9998
9999

Value Not Available from the VINA Program
Actual Value (in)
Value Not Coded

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The PERSON Data File

The PERSON Data File
The Person data file includes motorist and non-motorist data. It contains the data elements
ST_CASE, STATE, VEH_NO, and PER_NO, which are described in the beginning of the Data
Element Definitions and Codes section. The Person data file also contains the data elements
on the following pages.
ST_CASE, VEH_NO, and PER_NO are the unique identifiers for each record. ST_CASE
should be used to merge the Person data file with the Accident data file for a set of all motorists
and non-motorists. ST_CASE and VEH_NO should be used to merge the Person data file with
the Vehicle and Parkwork data files for a set of all motor vehicle occupants. ST_CASE and
PER_NO should be used to merge the Person data file with non-motorist person-level data files.
In the Person data file, motor vehicle occupants are PER_TYPE = 1, 2, 3, 9. Motor vehicle
occupants have assigned vehicle numbers starting with 1. When PER_TYPE = 3, the occupied
vehicle will be found in the PARKWORK data file. Non-motor vehicle occupants are
PER_TYPE = 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10 or 19. VEH_NO = 0 for non-motor vehicle occupants.

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P5/NM5

The PERSON Data File

Age

Definition: This data element identifies this person’s age at the time of the crash, in years, with
respect to their last birthday.
Additional Information:
SAS Name: AGE
Attribute Codes
1975-2008
0
1-96
97
99
2009
0
1-120
-999

Up to One Year
Age of the Individual in Years
97 Years Old or Older
Unknown
2010Later
0
1-120
998
999

Less than One Year
Age of the Individual in Years
Not Reported
Unknown

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P6/NM6

The PERSON Data File

Sex

Definition: This data element identifies the sex of this person involved in the crash.
Additional Information: From 1975 to 1981, if no information was known about the hit-and-run
vehicle and/or driver, then neither the vehicle form nor the driver form were filled out and were
not counted in the FARS census. Starting in 1982 both a vehicle and a driver form were filled
out and the data were identified as unknown. This is why there were approximately only 20 to
40 drivers with unknown sex listed in the FARS data file from 1975 to 1981 and 700 to 1000
drivers with unknown sex from 1982 on.
On March 22, 1995, a quick review of the 1994 Annual Report File revealed that of the 768
persons in the 1994 data file with unknown sex; over 90 percent were involved in hit-and-run
crashes.
SAS Name: SEX
Attribute Codes
19752009
1
2
-9

2010Later
1
2
8
9

Male
Female
Not Reported
Unknown

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P7/NM7

The PERSON Data File

Person Type

Definition: This data element describes the role of this person involved in the crash.
Additional Information:
SAS Name: PER_TYP
Attribute Codes
1975-1981
1
Driver
2
Passenger
3
Non-Motorist: Pedestrian
4
Non-Motorist: Pedalcyclist
5
Non-Motorist: Occupant of Non-Traffic-Unit Vehicle
8
Non-Motorist: Other or Unknown
9
Occupant: Unknown Type
1982-1993
1
Driver of a Motor Vehicle in Transport
2
Passenger of a Motor Vehicle in Transport
3
Occupant of a Motor Vehicle Not in Transport
4
Occupant of a Non-Motor Vehicle Transport Device (e.g., Horse and Buggy)
5
Non-Occupant Pedestrian
6
Non-Occupant Bicyclist
7
Non-Occupant Other Cyclist
8
Non-Occupant Other or Unknown
9
Unknown Occupant Type in a Motor Vehicle in Transport
19942009
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

2010
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
--

2011Later
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
--

8
9
10
19
-99

8
9
10
19
88
--

8
9
10
19
---

Driver of a Motor Vehicle In-Transport
Passenger of a Motor Vehicle In-Transport
Occupant of a Motor Vehicle Not In-Transport
Occupant of a Non-Motor Vehicle Transport Device
Pedestrian
Bicyclist
Other Cyclist
Other Pedestrian (Includes Persons on Personal Conveyances,
1994-2006)
Person on Personal Conveyances (Since 2007)
Unknown Occupant Type in a Motor Vehicle In-Transport
Persons In/On Buildings (Since 2007)
Unknown Type of Non-Motorist
Not Reported
Unknown

More Information on Person Type

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P8/NM8

The PERSON Data File

Injury Severity

Definition: This data element describes the severity of the injury to this person in the crash
using the KABCO scale.
Additional Information: It is important to realize that some States do not always collect data
on persons who were in a crash but were not injured. If the analysis being performed depends
on non-injured occupants -- for example some paired comparisons -- check the data at the
State level.
SAS Name: INJ_SEV
Attribute Codes
19752012
0
-1
2
-3
-4
5
6
8
9
--

20132015
-0
1
-2
-3
4
5
6
-9
--

2016Later
-0
1
-2
-3
4
5
6
--9

No Injury (O)
No Apparent Injury (O)
Possible Injury (C)
Non-Incapacitating Evident Injury (B)
Suspected Minor Injury (B)
Incapacitating Injury (A)
Suspected Serious Injury (A)
Fatal Injury (K)
Injured, Severity Unknown (U) (Since 1978)
Died Prior to Crash
Not Reported (2010 Only)
Unknown
Unknown/Not Reported

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P9

The PERSON Data File

Seating Position

Definition: This data element identifies the location of this person in or on the vehicle.
Additional Information:
SAS Name: SEAT_POS
Attribute Codes
1975-1981
0
Non-Motorist
1
Front Seat – Left Side (Driver's Side)
2
Front Seat – Middle
3
Front Seat – Right Side
4
Second Seat – Left Side (Driver's Side)
5
Second Seat – Middle
6
Second Seat – Right Side
7
Third Seat – Left Side (Driver's Side)
8
Third Seat – Middle
9
Third Seat – Right Side
10
Front Seat – Other
11
Second Seat – Other
12
Third Seat – Other
13
Other Passenger
14
Cab Sleeper
15
Vehicle Exterior
99
Unknown
19822009
0
0
11
12
13
18
19
21
22
23
28
29
31
32
33
38
39

2010Later
-0
11
12
13
18
19
21
22
23
28
29
31
32
33
38
39

Non-Motorist (1982-2004)
Not a Motor Vehicle Occupant (2005-Later)
Front Seat – Left Side (Driver's Side)
Front Seat – Middle
Front Seat – Right Side
Front Seat – Other
Front Seat – Unknown
Second Seat – Left Side
Second Seat – Middle
Second Seat – Right Side
Second Seat – Other
Second Seat – Unknown
Third Seat – Left Side
Third Seat – Middle
Third Seat – Right Side
Third Seat – Other
Third Seat – Unknown

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P9

Seating Position

The PERSON Data File

(continued)

Attribute Codes
19822009
41
42
43
48
49
50
51

2010Later
41
42
43
48
49
50
--

51
52
53

51
52
53

54
55
-99

54
55
98
99

Fourth Seat – Left Side
Fourth Seat – Middle
Fourth Seat – Right Side
Fourth Seat – Other
Fourth Seat – Unknown
Sleeper Section of Cab (Truck)
Other Passenger In Enclosed Passenger or Cargo Area
[Includes Passengers In 5th Row Of 15-Seat, 5-Row Vans]
[Includes Injured Full-Size-Bus Occupants] (2002-2008)
Other Passenger in Enclosed Passenger or Cargo Area (Since 2009)
Other Passenger in Unenclosed Passenger or Cargo Area
Other Passenger in Passenger or Cargo Area, Unknown Whether Or Not
Enclosed
Trailing Unit
Riding on Vehicle Exterior
Not Reported
Unknown

More Information on Seat Position

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Data Element Definitions and Codes • 245

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

P10

The PERSON Data File

Restraint System/Helmet Use

Definition: This data element records the restraint equipment in use by the occupant, or the
helmet in use by a motorcyclist, at the time of the crash.
Additional Information: Bicycle helmets are sometimes worn while riding a variety of personal
conveyances.
SAS Name: REST_USE
Attribute Codes
1991-1993
0
None Used – Vehicle Occupant/Not Applicable-Non-Motorist
1
Shoulder Belt
2
Lap Belt
3
Lap and Shoulder Belt
4
Child Safety Seat
5
Motorcycle Helmet
8
Restraint Used – Type Unknown or Other Including Other Helmet
9
Unknown
19942009
0
0

20102012
---

2013Later
---

-1
2
3
4
4

0
1
2
3
---

0
1
2
3
---

-5
-6
--8
10
11
12
-13
14
14
15
---

4
-5
-7
-8
10
11
-12
----16
--

4
-5
--7
8
10
11
-12
-----16

None Used- Vehicle Occupant; Not Applicable (1994-2004)
None Used/Not Applicable – Not a Motor Vehicle Occupant
(Since 2005)
Not Applicable
Shoulder Belt Only Used
Lap Belt Only Used
Lap and Shoulder Belt Used
Child Safety Seat (1994-2007)
Child Safety Seat/Booster Seat – Type Unknown/Not Reported
(Since 2008)
Child Restraint Type Unknown
Motorcycle Helmet
DOT-Compliant Motorcycle Helmet
Bicycle Helmet
None Used – Motor Vehicle Occupant
None Used
Restraint Used – Type Unknown
Child Restraint System – Forward Facing (Since 2008)
Child Restraint System – Rear Facing (Since 2008)
Booster Seat with Lap/Shoulder Belt Used Properly (Since 2008)
Booster Seat
Safety Belt Used Improperly
Child Safety Seat Used Improperly (1994-2007)
Child Safety Seat/Booster Seat Used Improperly (2008-2009)
Helmets Used Improperly
Other Helmet
Helmet, Other than DOT-Compliant Motorcycle Helmet

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Data Element Definitions and Codes • 246

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

P10
19942009
------99

Restraint System/Helmet Use
20102012
17
--96
97
98
99

2013Later
17
19
29
96
97
98
99

The PERSON Data File

(continued)

No Helmet
Helmet, Unknown if DOT-Compliant
Unknown if Helmet Worn
Not a Motor Vehicle Occupant
Other
Not Reported
Unknown

More Information on Restraint Use

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 247

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

P11

The PERSON Data File

Indication of Misuse of Restraint System/Helmet

Definition: This data element indicates any misuse of the restraint system or helmet used by
this person.
Additional Information:
SAS Name: REST_MIS
Attribute Codes
2010-Later
0
No
1
Yes
8
Not a Motor Vehicle Occupant

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 248

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

P12

The PERSON Data File

Air Bag Deployed

Definition: This data element records air bag availability and deployment for this person as
reported in the case materials.
Additional Information: This data element is designed to collect both air bag availability and
deployment for each occupied seat position. Variation in the presentation of the source data on
the state crash report forms and the selections coded on the PAR may produce unlikely
combinations or missing data. For example:
1. If the seat position does not have an air bag at the time of manufacture, but the
information on the PAR indicates an air bag was available or deployed, the information
on the PAR may have taken precedence.
2. If the seat position has an air bag installed at the time of manufacture and the PAR
indicates there is no air bag available, then the PAR information may have taken
precedence.
SAS Name: AIR_BAG
Attribute Codes
1991-1997
0
Non-Motorist
3
Deployed Air Bag
4
Non-Deployed Air Bag
9
Unknown or Not Applicable
1998-2008
0
Non-Motorist (Not a Motor Vehicle Occupant, Since 2005)
DEPLOYED (FOR THIS SEAT)
1
Deployed Air Bag From Front (1998-2006)
1
From Front (Steering Wheel, Dashboard, Since 2007)
2
Deployed Air Bag From Side (1998-2006)
2
From Side (Door, Seat, Canopy, Since 2007)
7
Deployed Air Bag Other Direction (1998-2006)
7
From Other Direction (Knee, Airbelt, etc, Since 2007)
8
Deployed Air Bag Multiple Directions
9
Deployed Air Bag Direction Unknown
NOT DEPLOYED (FOR THIS SEAT)
20
Air Bag Available but Not Deployed for This Seat
28
Air Bag Available and Switched Off
UNKNOWN IF DEPLOYED
29
Air Bag Available, Deployment Not Known for This Seat
NOT AVAILABLE
30
Air Bag Not Available for This Seat
31
Air Bag Previously Deployed and Not Replaced
32
Air Bag Disabled or Removed
99
Unknown (If Airbag Available)

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Data Element Definitions and Codes • 249

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

P12

Air Bag Deployed

The PERSON Data File

(continued)

Attribute Codes
2009
0
-1
2
3
7
8
9
20
28
--99

2010Later
-0
1
2
3
7
8
9
20
28
97
98
99

Not a Motor Vehicle Occupant/Not Applicable
Not Applicable
Deployed: Front
Deployed: Side (Door, Seatback)
Deployed: Curtain (Roof)
Deployed: Other (Knee, Air Belt, etc.)
Deployed: Combination
Deployed: Unknown Location
Not Deployed
Switched Off
Not a Motor Vehicle Occupant
Not Reported
Deployment Unknown

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 250

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

P13

The PERSON Data File

Ejection

Definition: This data element describes the ejection status and degree of ejection for this
person, excluding motorcycle occupants.
Additional Information: In the mid 1970’s there were a large number of people coded as
ejection unknown and a corresponding small number of people coded as not ejected. However,
the totally ejected and partially ejected counts are the same magnitude as in later years.
Starting in 2011, “Not Applicable” includes people not in motor vehicles (i.e., pedestrians,
bicyclists, etc.)
SAS Name: EJECTION
Attribute Codes
1975-2006
0
Not Ejected or Not Applicable
1
Totally Ejected
2
Partially Ejected
9
Unknown
20072009
0
1
2
3
-8
9
9

2010Later
0
1
2
3
7
8
-9

Not Ejected
Totally Ejected
Partially Ejected
Ejected – Unknown Degree (Since 2008)
Not Reported
Not Applicable
Unknown (2007-2008)
Unknown if Ejected (Since 2009)

More Information on Ejection

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 251

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

P14

The PERSON Data File

Ejection Path

Definition: This data element identifies the path by which this person was ejected from the
vehicle.
Additional Information:
SAS Name: EJ_PATH
Attribute Codes
19912014
0
-1
2
3
4

2015Later
-0
1
2
3
4

5

5

6
7
8
9
--

6
7
8
-9

Not Ejected/Not Applicable
Ejection Path Not Applicable
Through Side Door Opening (All Side Doors)
Through Side Window (All Side Windows, Bus Side Windows)
Through Windshield (Front Windshield Only)
Through Back Window (Standard Rear Window, Back Window of Bronco,
Van)
Through Back Door/Tailgate Opening (Station Wagon Tailgate, Back Door of
Truck, Back Door of Bronco, Van)
Through Roof Opening (Sun Roof, Convertible Top Down, T-Top, Targa Top)
Through Roof (Convertible Top Up)
Other Path (e.g., Back of Pickup Truck, Torn-Off Roof, Car Cut in Half)
Unknown/Unknown Path
Ejection Path Unknown

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 252

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

P15

The PERSON Data File

Extrication

Definition: This data element identifies if equipment or other force was used to remove this
person from the vehicle.
Additional Information: In Massachusetts, if an occupant is not injured, data for Protection
system use and ejection are not coded on the PAR.
From 1975 to 1976 the EXTRICAT and EJECTION data elements were combined in a single
field. The data files were changed in 1977 to the current format. In 1975 and 1976 there are
fewer persons identified as not extricated than in later years. Both the count of extricated
persons and unknowns seem high for these years. From 1977 to 1981 there was not an edit
check to prevent one coding an occupant as being both ejected and extricated. There are 69,
48, 83, 98, and 88 persons coded as both totally ejected and extricated in the 1977, 1978, 1979,
1980, and 1981 respectively.
SAS Name: EXTRICAT
Attribute Codes
1975-Later
0
Not Extricated/Not Applicable
1
Extricated
9
Unknown

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 253

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

P16/NM15

The PERSON Data File

Police Reported Alcohol Involvement

Definition: This data element records whether alcohol was involved for this person and reflects
the judgment of law enforcement.
Additional Information: This data element does not indicate that alcohol was a cause of the
crash. If a PAR indicates that opened or unopened alcohol bottles were found in the vehicle,
then this information does not by itself constitute involvement.
SAS Name: DRINKING
Attribute Codes
1975-Later
0
No (Alcohol Not Involved)
1
Yes (Alcohol Involved)
8
Not Reported
9
Unknown (Police Reported)
More Information on Alcohol

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 254

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

P17/NM16

The PERSON Data File

Method of Alcohol Determination by Police

Definition: This data element describes the method by which the police made the
determination as to whether alcohol was involved for this person.
Additional Information: 1975 to 1979 data on the type of blood alcohol test were collected,
but this data has since been removed from the analysis data files.
SAS Name: ALC_DET
Attribute Codes
1987-Later
1
Evidential Test (Breath, Blood, Urine)
2
Preliminary Breath Test (PBT)
3
Behavioral
4
Passive Alcohol Sensor (PAS)
5
Observed
8
Other (e.g., Saliva Test)
9
Not Reported

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 255

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

P18/NM17

The PERSON Data File

Alcohol Test

P18A/NM17A

Alcohol Test Status

Definition: This data element identifies whether an alcohol test was given to this person.
Additional Information:
SAS Name: ALC_STATUS
Attribute Codes
2009
0
1
2
-9
--

2010Later
0
1
2
8
-9

Test Not Given
Test Refused
Test Given
Not Reported
Unknown if Tested/Not Reported
Unknown if Tested

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 256

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

P18B/NM17B

The PERSON Data File

Alcohol Test Type

Definition: This data element identifies the type of alcohol test that was given to this person.
Additional Information:
SAS Name: ATST_TYP
Attribute Codes
1998-2003
0
Not Tested for Alcohol
1
Whole Blood
2
Breath “BAC”
3
Urine
4
Vitreous
5
Blood Plasma/Serum
6
Blood Clot
7
Liver
8
Other Test Type
9
Unknown/Not Reported (Since 2001)
20042009
0
1
2
-3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
-98
98
99
--

20102014
0
1
2
-3
4
5
6
7
8
-10
95
-98
-99

2015Later
0
1
-2
3
4
5
6
7
8
-10
95
-98
-99

Not Tested for Alcohol
Blood Test
Breathalyzer “BAC”
Breath Test (AC)
Urine
Vitreous
Blood Plasma/Serum
Blood Clot
Liver
Other Test Type
Unknown/Not Reported
Preliminary Breath Test (PBT)
Not Reported
Positive Reading with No Actual Value (2006-2008)
Unknown Test Type (Since 2009)
Unknown if Tested/Not Reported (2009 Only)
Unknown if Tested

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 257

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

P18C/NM17C

The PERSON Data File

Alcohol Test Result

Definition: This data element identifies the alcohol test result for this person.
Additional Information: In 2015, this data element changed from a 2-digit field to a 3-digit
field. Prior to 2015, the 3rd digit was truncated – not rounded. A BAC of .10 is coded as 10 prior
to 2015 and as 100 in 2015 and later. The decimal is implied. The BAC is expressed in grams
per deciliter (g/dL) or a clinical evaluation of the same.
SAS Name: TEST_RES
ALC_RES

1975-1990
1991-Later

Attribute Codes
1975-1990
0-94
95
96
97
99
19912009
0-93
94
95
-96
97
98
99
--

Actual Value of BAC Test
Test Refused
None Given
AC Test Performed, Results Unknown
Unknown
20102014
0-93
94
-95
96
97
98
-99

2015Later
0-939
940

995
996
997
998
-999

Actual Value of BAC Test
0.94 or Greater (The value should be interpreted as
0.94 or greater, since 1995)
Test Refused (1991-2008)
Not Reported
None Given
AC Test Performed, Results Unknown
PBT Positive Reading with No Actual Value (Since 2004)
Unknown if Tested/Not Reported
Unknown if Tested

More Information on Alcohol Test Result

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 258

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

P19/NM18

The PERSON Data File

Police Reported Drug Involvement

Definition: This data element records whether drugs were involved for this person and reflects
the judgment of law enforcement.
Additional Information:
SAS Name: DRUGS
Attribute Codes
1991-Later
0
No (Drugs Not Involved)
1
Yes (Drugs Involved)
8
Not Reported
9
Unknown (Police Reported)

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 259

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

P20/NM19

The PERSON Data File

Method of Drug Determination by Police

Definition: This data element identifies the method by which the police made the determination
as to whether drugs were involved for this person.
Additional Information:
SAS Name: TOXCLGY
DRUG_DET

1987-1990
1991-Later

Attribute Codes
1987-1990
0
No Blood Test Given
BLOOD TEST GIVEN, RESULTS KNOWN
1
No Drugs Reported
2
Drugs Reported (Excluding Nicotine, Aspirin)
3
Not tested for Drugs
BLOOD TEST GIVEN, RESULTS UNKNOWN
7
Test for Drugs, Results, Unknown
8
Unknown if Tested for Drugs
9
Unknown if Drug Test Given
19912015
1
2
-3
7
8

2016Later
1
-2
3
7
8

Evidential Test (Blood, Urine)
Drug Recognition Technician (DRT) Determination
Drug Recognition Expert/Evaluator (DRE) Determination
Behavioral
Other
Not Reported

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 260

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

P21/NM20

The PERSON Data File

Drug Test

P21A/NM20A

Drug Test Status

Definition: This data element identifies whether a drug test was given to this person.
Additional Information:
SAS Name: DSTATUS
Attribute Codes
2009
0
1
2
-9
--

2010Later
0
1
2
8
-9

P21B/NM20B

Test Not Given
Test Refused
Test Given
Not Reported
Unknown if Tested/Not Reported
Unknown if Tested

Drug Test Type

Definition: This data element identifies the type of drug test that was given to this person.
Additional Information:
SAS Name: DRUGTEST
DRUGTST1, DRUGTST2, DRUGTST3

1991-1992
1993-Later

Attribute Codes
19911992
0
1
2
--7
8
-9

19932009
0
1
2
3
-7
8
9
--

2010Later
0
1
2
3
6
7
8
-9

Test Not Given
Blood Test
Urine Test
Both Blood and Urine Tests
Not Reported
Unknown Test Type
Other Test Type
Unknown if Tested/Not Reported
Unknown if Tested

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 261

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

P21C/NM20C

The PERSON Data File

Drug Test Result

Definition: This data element identifies the drug test result for this person.
Additional Information: The FARS analyst may have used any of the three data elements to
code a result of a drug test. One must test all three data elements to ensure that the selected
result is included. *See Specific Drug Listing in the FARS/NASS GES/CRSS Coding and
Validation Manual.
SAS Name: DRUG_RES
DRUGRES1, DRUGRES2, DRUGRES3

1991-1992
1993-Later

Attribute Codes
1991-1992
0
Not Tested for Drugs
1
No Drugs Reported
2
Narcotic
3
Depressant
4
Stimulant
5
Hallucinogen
6
Cannabinol
7
Phencyclidine (PCP)
8
Inhalant
9
Multiple Drugs (From Data elements 02 to 08)
10
Other Drugs (All Other Drugs Excluding Nicotine, Aspirin, Alcohol)
97
Tested for Drugs, Results Unknown
98
Tested for Drugs, Drugs Found, Type Unknown
99
Unknown if Tested for Drugs
19932009
0
1
-100-295
300-395
400-495
500-595
600-695
700-795
800-895
900-995
996
997
998
999
--

2010Later
0
1
95
100-295
300-395
400-495
500-595
600-695
700-795
800-895
900-995
996
997
998
-999

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Not Tested for Drugs
No Drugs Reported/Negative
Not Reported
Narcotic*
Depressant*
Stimulant*
Hallucinogen*
Cannabinoid*
Phencyclidine (PCP) *
Anabolic Steroid*
Inhalant*
Other Drugs
Tested for Drugs, Results Unknown
Tested for Drugs, Drugs Found, Type Unknown/Positive
Unknown if Tested/Not Reported
Unknown if Tested

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 262

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

P22/NM21

The PERSON Data File

Transported to First Treatment Facility

Definition: This data element identifies the mode of transportation to a hospital or medical
facility provided for this person.
Additional Information: Prior to 2008 this data element was called “Taken to Hospital or
Treatment Facility.” From 2008 to 2009 this data element was called “Transported for
Treatment by.” From 2010 to 2012 this data element was called “Transported to Medical
Facility By.”
This field exists in the 1975 and 1976 data file, but is not initialized, i.e., it has no values.
SAS Name: HOSPITAL
Attribute Codes
19772000
0
-1
----------7
8
-9

20012006
0
-1
-------------9

20072009
-0
-1
-2
-3
-4
------9

2010Later
-0
--1
-2
-3
-4
5
6
---9

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

No
Not Transported
Yes
Yes, EMS
EMS Air
Yes, Law Enforcement
Law Enforcement
Yes, Other
EMS Unknown Mode
Yes, Transported by Unknown Source
Transported Unknown Source
EMS Ground
Other
Died at the Scene (1999-2000)
Died En Route (1999-2000)
Not Reported
Unknown

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 263

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

P23/NM22

The PERSON Data File

Died at Scene/En Route

Definition: This data element identifies if this person died at the scene of the crash or en route
to a hospital/medical facility.
Additional Information:
SAS Name: DOA
Attribute Codes
2001-Later
0
Not Applicable
7
Died at Scene
8
Died En Route
9
Unknown

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 264

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

P24/NM23

The PERSON Data File

Death Date

P24A/NM23A Month of Death
Definition: This data element records the month of this person’s death.
Additional Information:
SAS Name: DEATH_MO
Attribute Codes
19752007
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
--

2008Later
88
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
99

Not Applicable (Non-Fatal)
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Unknown (Except 2009)

P24B/NM23B Day of Death
Definition: This data element records the day of the month of this person’s death.
Additional Information:
SAS Name: DEATH_DA
Attribute Codes
19752008
0
1-31
99

2009Later
88
1-31
99

Not Applicable (Non-Fatal)
Day of the Month of the Death
Unknown (Since 2008)

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 265

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

The PERSON Data File

P24C/NM23C Year of Death
Definition: This data element records the year of this person’s death.
Additional Information: A person can die the year after the crash year.
SAS Name: DEATH_YR
Attribute Codes
19751997
-xx
99

19982008
0
xxxx
9999

2009Later
8888 Not Applicable (Non-Fatal)
xxxx Year of the Death
9999 Unknown

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 266

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

P25/NM24

The PERSON Data File

Death Time

Definition: This data element records the hour and minute of this person’s death utilizing the
24-hour clock format.
Additional Information: four digits; DEATH_HR followed by DEATH_MN, e.g., Valid Military
Times 0643 for 6:43 a.m.
SAS Name: DEATH_TM
Attribute Codes
19752008
2400
1-2359
-9999

2009Later
0
1-2359
8888
9999

P25A/NM24A

For Midnight
Time of Death in HHMM format
Not Applicable (Non-Fatal)
Unknown

Hour of Death

Definition: This data element records the hour of this person’s death utilizing the 24-hour clock
format.
Additional Information:
SAS Name: DEATH_HR
Attribute Codes
19752008
0-24
-99

2009Later
0-23
88
99

Valid Military Times
Not Applicable
Unknown

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 267

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

P25B/NM24B

The PERSON Data File

Minute of Death

Definition: This data element records the minutes after the hour of this person’s death.
Additional Information:
SAS Name: DEATH_MN
Attribute Codes
19752008
0-59
-99

2009Later
0-59
88
99

Valid Military Times
Not Applicable
Unknown

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 268

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

P26/NM25

The PERSON Data File

Related Factors- Person Level

Definition: This data element records factors related to motor vehicle occupants other than
drivers and persons not in motor vehicles as expressed by the investigating officer.
Additional Information: There are also crash-level related factors in the Accident data file
(CF1, CF2, and CF3), vehicle-level related factors in the Vehicle data file (VEH_SC1 and
VEH_SC2), and driver-level related factors, also in the Vehicle data file (DR_SF1, DR_SF2,
DR_SF3 and DR_SF4).
Any of the three data elements may have been used to code a related factor. One must test all
three data elements to ensure that the selected related factor is included.
Person-related factors for all drivers are coded 00. Person-related factors for non-drivers can
have non-zero values as listed below.
For 1975 to 1981, values 02 to 06 correspond to 01 to 05 for the 1982 to 2009 data. Values of
20 and higher correspond directly the same values for 1982 to 2009.
SAS Name: P_CF1, P_CF2, P_CF3
P_SF1, P_SF2, P_SF3

1975-2009
2010-Later

Attribute Codes
1975-1981
0
Not Applicable – Driver/None – All Other Persons
1
Physical Impairments
2
Not Visible
3
Darting or Running into Road
4
Improper Crossing of Roadway or Intersection
5
Walking/Riding With or Against Traffic, Playing, Working, Sitting, Lying, Standing, etc.,
in Roadway
6
Interfering with Driver (Since 1976)
NON-MOTOR-VEHICLE-OPERATOR-RELATED FACTORS:
20
Leaving Vehicle Unattended in Roadway
21
Overloading or Improper Loading of Vehicle with Passengers or Cargo
22
Towing or Pushing Vehicle Improperly
23
Failing to Have Lights on When Required
24
Operating Without Required Equipment
25
Creating Unlawful Noise or Using Equipment Prohibited by Law
26
Following Improperly
27
Improper or Erratic Lane-Changing
28
Failure to Keep in Proper Lane or Running off Road
29
Illegal Driving on Road Shoulder, in Ditch, on Sidewalk, on Median
30
Making Improper Entry to or Exit from Trafficway

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 269

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

P26/NM25

Related Factors- Person Level

The PERSON Data File

(continued)

Attribute Codes
1975-1981
33
Passing Where Prohibited by Posted Signs, Pavement Markings, Hill, or Curve, or
School Bus Displaying Warning Not to Pass
34
Passing on Wrong Side
35
Passing with Insufficient Distance or Inadequate Visibility or Failing to Yield to
Overtaking Vehicle
36
Operating the Vehicle in Other Erratic, Reckless, Careless or Negligent Manner
38
Failure to Yield Right of Way
39
Failure to Obey Traffic Signs, Traffic Control Devices or Traffic Officers, Failure to
Observe Safety Zone
40
Passing Through or Around Barrier Positioned to Prohibit or Channel Traffic
41
Failure to Observe Warnings or Instructions on Vehicles Displaying Them
42
Failure to Signal Intentions
43
Giving Wrong Signal
44
Driving Too Fast for Conditions or in Excess of Posted Speed Limit
45
Driving Less Than Posted Maximum
46
Operating at Erratic or Suddenly Changing Speeds
47
Making Right Turn from Left Turn Lane or Making Left Turn from Right Turn Lane
48
Making Improper Turn
49
Driving Wrong Way on One-Way Roadway
50
Driving on Wrong Side of Road
51
Operator Inexperience
52
Unfamiliar with Roadway
99
Unknown
19822009
0
1
2
3
4

20102014
0
-----

2015
0
-----

2016Later
0
-----

5
6
7
8
9

5
--8
9

5
--8
9

5
--8
9

10
11
12
13
13

----13

----13

----13

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

None/Not Applicable-Driver
Not Visible
Darting, Running or Stumbling Into Roadway (1995-2009)
Improper Crossing or Roadway or Intersection
Walking/Riding With or Against Traffic, Playing, Working,
Sitting, Lying, Standing Etc. In Roadway
Interfering With Driver*
Ill, Passed Out/Blackout (1995-2009)
Emotional (e.g., Depression, Angry, Disputed)
Mentally Challenged (Since 1995)
Construction/Maintenance/Utility Worker (Since 1995)
Highway Department, Contractor, Utility Company
Personnel, etc.
Inattentive
Walking With Cane or Crutches
Restricted to Wheelchair
Paraplegic (1982-1994)
Motorized Wheelchair Rider**

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 270

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

P26/NM25

Related Factors- Person Level

The PERSON Data File

(continued)

Attribute Codes
19822009
14
15
15

20102014
----

2015
----

2016Later
----

16
17
18
--

--18
18

---18

---18

19

--

--

--

Impaired Due to Previous Injury
Deaf (1982-1994)
Under the Influence of Alcohol, Drugs, or Medication
(2008-2009)
Blind
Other Physical Impairment
Mother of Dead Fetus (1982-2010)
Mother of Dead Fetus/Mother of Infant Born Post Crash
(Since 2011)
Pedestrian

NON-MOTOR-VEHICLE-OPERATOR-RELATED FACTORS:
20
---Leaving Vehicle Unattended in Roadway (1982-1994)
20
---Running off Road (2000-2001)
21
21
21
21
Overloading or Improper Loading of Vehicle with Passengers
or Cargo
22
---Towing or Pushing Vehicle Improperly (1982-2003)
23
---Failing to [Dim Lights or, Since 1995] Have Lights on When
Required
24
---Operating Without Required Equipment
25
---Creating Unlawful Noise or Using Equipment Prohibited by
Law (1982-2002)
26
26
26
26
Following Improperly
27
---Improper or Erratic Lane Changing
28
---Failure to Keep in Proper Lane or Running off Road (19821999)*
28
28
--Failure to Keep in Proper Lane (2000-2014)*
--28
28
Improper Lane Usage*
29
29
--Illegal Driving on Road Shoulder, in Ditch, on Sidewalk, on
Median*
--29
29
Intentional Illegal Driving on Road Shoulder, in Ditch, on
Sidewalk, on Median*
30
---Making Improper Entry to or Exit from Trafficway
32
32
32
32
Opening Vehicle Closure into Moving Traffic or While
Vehicle is in Motion (Since 2001)*
33
33
--Passing where Prohibited by Posted Signs, Pavement
Markings, Hill or Curve, or School Bus Displaying Warning
not to Pass Line*
--33
33
Passing where Prohibited by Posted Signs, Pavement
Markings, or School Bus Displaying Warning not to Pass*
34
---Passing on Wrong Side
35
---Passing with Insufficient Distance or Inadequate Visibility or
Failing to Yield to Overtaking Vehicle

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Data Element Definitions and Codes • 271

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P26/NM25

Related Factors- Person Level

The PERSON Data File

(continued)

Attribute Codes
19822009
36

20102014
--

2015
--

2016Later
--

37
38
39

37
---

37
---

37
---

40

40

40

40

41

41

41

41

42
43
44

42
-44

42
-44

42
-44

45
46

45
--

45
--

45
--

47

47

47

47

48
49
50

----

----

----

51
52
53
54
55
56

51
52
-----

51
52
-----

51
52
-----

56
56
56
56
57
57
57
57
58
58
--59
59
59
59
VISION OBSCURED BY
60
60
60
60
61
61
61
61
62
62
62
62
63
64

63
64

63
64

63
64

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Operating the Vehicle in Other Erratic, Reckless, Careless or
Negligent Manner (or Operating at Erratic or Suddenly
Changing Speeds, 1995-2009)
Traveling on Prohibited Trafficway (Since 1995)
Failure to Yield Right of Way
Failure to Obey Actual Traffic Signs, Traffic Control Devices
or Traffic Officers; Failure to Obey Safety Zone Traffic
Laws
Passing Through or Around Barrier Positioned to Prohibit or
Channel Traffic
Failure to Observe Warnings or Instructions on Vehicles
Displaying Them
Failure to Signal Intentions
Giving Wrong Signal (1982-1996)
Driving Too Fast for Conditions or in Excess of Posted
Maximum*
Driving Less Than Posted Maximum*
Operating at Erratic or Suddenly Changing Speeds (19821996)
Making Right Turn From Left-Turn Lane, Left Turn from
Right-Turn Lane*
Making Other Improper Turn
Driving Wrong Way on One-Way Trafficway
Driving on Wrong Side of Road (Intentional or Unintentional,
1995-2009)
Operator Inexperience
Unfamiliar with Roadway
Stopping in Roadway (Vehicle Not Abandoned)
Underriding a Parked Truck (1982-1996)
Getting Off/Out of or On/Into Moving Transport Vehicle
Getting Off/Out of or On/Into Non-Moving Transport Vehicle
(1982-2001)
Non-Driver Flees Scene (Since 2005)
Improper Tire Pressure (Since 1995)
Locked Wheel (1995-2014)
Overcorrecting (Since 1995)*
Rain, Snow, Fog, Smoke, Sand, Dust
Reflected Glare, Bright Sunlight, Headlights
Curve, Hill, or Other Design Features (Including Traffic
Signs, Embankment)
Building, Billboard, Other Structures (Since 1995)
Trees, Crops, Vegetation

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 272

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

P26/NM25

Related Factors- Person Level

The PERSON Data File

(continued)

Attribute Codes
1982- 201020162009 2014 2015 Later
65
65
65
65
Motor Vehicle (Including Load)
66
66
66
66
Parked Vehicle
67
67
67
67
Splash or Spray or Passing Vehicle
68
68
68
68
Inadequate Lighting System
69
69
69
69
Obstructing Angles on Vehicle
70
70
70
70
Mirrors
71
---Mirrors-Other (1982-2002)
72
72
72
72
Other Visual Obstruction
SKIDDING, SWERVING, OR SLIDING DUE TO
73
73
73
73
Severe Crosswind
74
74
74
74
Wind From Passing Truck
75
75
75
75
Slippery or Loose Surface
76
76
76
76
Tire Blow-Out or Flat
77
77
77
77
Debris or Objects in Road
OTHER FACTORS
78
78
78
79
--80
80
80
81
81
81
82
-82
-82
--

78
-80
81
82
--

83

83

83

83

84
85
86
87
88

--86
87
88

--86
87
88

--86
87
88

--

89

89

89

90
91
--

90
91
92

90
91
92

90
91
92

-99

-99

-99

92
99

Ruts, Holes, Bumps in Road
Live Animals in Road
Vehicle in Road
Phantom Vehicle
Pedestrian, Pedalcyclist, or Other Non-Motorist
Pedestrian, Pedalcyclist, or Persons on Personal
Conveyances
Ice, Snow, Slush, Water, Sand, Dirt, Oil, Wet Leaves on
Road (Since 1995)
Jay Walk (1982-1994)
Jog (1982-1994)
Emergency Services Personnel (Since 2007)
Police or Law Enforcement Officer (Since 2002)
Seat Back Not in Normal Upright Position, Seat Back
Reclined (Since 2002)*
Parked Motor Vehicle With Equipment Extending into the
Travel Lane (Since 2013)*
Non-Motorist Pushing a Vehicle**
Portable Electronic Devices (Since 2008)
Person in Ambulance Treatment Compartment
(Since 2013)*
Non-Motorist Wearing Motorcycle Helmet**
Unknown

* Attribute is only applicable to occupants (other than drivers) of motor vehicles.
** Attribute is only applicable to persons not in motor vehicles.

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 273

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

P100

The PERSON Data File

Lag Time

P100A Lag Hours
Definition: This data element records the hours between the time of the crash and this
person’s time of death.
Additional Information: This is a computed data element.
SAS Name: LAG_HRS
Attribute Codes
19752008
0-24
99

2009Later
0-719
999

Hours
Unknown

P100B Lag Minutes
Definition: This data element records the minutes, in addition to hours (“Lag Hours”), between
the time of the crash and this person’s time of death.
Additional Information: This is a computed data element.
SAS Name: LAG_MINS
Attribute Codes
1975-Later
0-59
Minutes
99
Unknown

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Data Element Definitions and Codes • 274

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

SP2

The PERSON Data File

Fatal Injury at Work

Definition: This data element records whether the death certificate indicated this person was
"at work" at the time of the crash.
Additional Information:
SAS Name: WORK_INJ
Attribute Codes
1987-Later
0
No (The Injury Was Not At Work)
1
Yes (The Injury Was At Work)
8
Not Applicable (Not A Fatality)
9
Unknown

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Data Element Definitions and Codes • 275

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

SP3

Race/Hispanic Origin

SP3A

Race

The PERSON Data File

Definition: This data element records the race of this person from the death certificate.
Additional Information: This data element is only coded for fatalities.
SAS Name: RACE
Attribute Codes
19992000
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
18
19
28
38
48
58
68
78

2001Later
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
18
19
28
38
48
58
68
--

-97
-99

78
97
98
99

Not A Fatality (Not Applicable)
White
Black
American Indian (Includes Aleuts and Eskimos)
Chinese
Japanese
Hawaiian (Includes Part-Hawaiian)
Filipino
Asian Indian
Other Indian (Includes South and Central America, Since 2000)
Korean
Samoan
Vietnamese
Guamanian
Other Asian or Pacific Islander
Combined Other Asian Or Pacific Islander, Includes Data elements 18-68 For
Areas That Do Not Report Them Separately
Asian Or Pacific Islander, No Specific (Individual) Race
Multiple Races (Individual Races Not Specified; ex., “Mixed”, Since 2000)
All Other Races
Unknown

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Data Element Definitions and Codes • 276

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

SP3B

The PERSON Data File

Hispanic Origin

Definition: This data element records the Hispanic origin of this person from the death
certificate.
Additional Information: This data element is only coded for fatalities.
SAS Name: HISPANIC
Attribute Codes
19992000
0
1
2
3
4
5
5
6
6
-7
99

2001Later
0
1
2
3
4
-5
--6
7
99

Not A Fatality (Not Applicable)
Mexican
Puerto Rican
Cuban
Central or South American
Other or Unknown Hispanic (1999 Only)
European Spanish (Since 2000)
Hispanic, Origin Not Specified (1999 Only)
Other Hispanic Origin (Since 2000)
Hispanic, Origin Not Specified or Other Origin
Non-Hispanic
Unknown

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Data Element Definitions and Codes • 277

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

NM4

The PERSON Data File

Number of Motor Vehicle Striking Non-Motorist

Definition: This data element identifies the “Vehicle Number” (VEH_NO) of the in-transport
vehicle that made contact with this non-motorist.
Additional Information: This data element applies only to non-motorists/non-occupants and
reflects the vehicle that made contact with the non-motorist/non-occupant identified by the
Person Number (PER_NO).
The number must match the vehicle number of the striking vehicle. This number is similar to
VEH_NO, except that the non-motorist/non-occupant was struck by the vehicle, rather than
being within the vehicle.
SAS Name: N_MOT_NO
STR_VEH

1982-2010
2011-Later

Attribute Codes
19822008
0
1-98
99

2009Later
0
1-998
999

Occupant of a Motor Vehicle
Vehicle Number of Striking Vehicle
Unknown

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 278

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

NM10

The PERSON Data File

Non-Motorist Location at Time of Crash

Definition: This data element identifies the attribute which best describes the location of this
non-motorist with respect to the roadway at the time of the crash.
Additional Information:
SAS Name: LOCATION
Attribute Codes
1975-1981
0
Not Applicable-Vehicle Occupant
1
Intersection-In Crosswalk
2
Intersection-Sidewalk, Median, Island, Shoulder, Other
3
Intersection-On Roadway
4
Intersection-Unknown
5
Non-Intersection-In Crosswalk
6
Non-Intersection-Sidewalk, Median, Island, Shoulder, Other
7
Non-Intersection-Bike Path
8
Non-Intersection-On Road Shoulder
9
Non-Intersection-Outside Trafficway
10
Non-Intersection-On Roadway
11
Non-Intersection-In Parking Lane (Since 1980)
12
Non-Intersection-Unknown
99
Unknown
19822009
0

20102013
0

2014Later
0

1
--2
--3
--4
5
9
-10
--11
--12

-1
--2
--3
---9
--10
--11
---

--1
--2
--3
---9
--10
--11
--

Occupant of a Motor Vehicle (Includes Railway Train Occupants
Since 2006)
Intersection-In Crosswalk
Intersection-In Marked Crosswalk
At Intersection-In Marked Crosswalk
Intersection-On Roadway, Not in Crosswalk
Intersection-Unmarked Crosswalk
At Intersection-Unmarked/Unknown If Marked Crosswalk
Intersection-On Roadway, Crosswalk Not Available
Intersection-Not in Crosswalk
At Intersection-Not in Crosswalk
Intersection-On Roadway, Crosswalk Availability Unknown
Intersection-Not on Roadway
Intersection-Unknown Location
At Intersection-Unknown Location
Non-Intersection-In Crosswalk
Non-Intersection-In Marked Crosswalk
Not At Intersection-In Marked Crosswalk
Non-Intersection-On Roadway, Not in Crosswalk
Non-Intersection-On Roadway, Not in Marked Crosswalk
Non At Intersection-On Roadway, Not in Marked Crosswalk
Non-Intersection-On Roadway, Crosswalk Not Available

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 279

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

NM10

Non-Motorist Location at Time of Crash

The PERSON Data File

(continued)

Attribute Codes
19822009
13
-14
-15
16
-17
18
19
---------99

20102013
13
--14
--16
---20
21
22
23
24
-25
28
98
99

2014Later
-13
-14
--16
---20
21
22
23
-24
25
28
98
99

Non-Intersection-On Roadway, Crosswalk Availability Unknown
Not At Intersection-On Roadway, Crosswalk Availability Unknown
Non-Intersection-In Parking Lane
Parking Lane/Zone
Non-Intersection-On Road Shoulder
Non-Intersection-Bike Path
Bicycle Lane
Non-Intersection-Outside Trafficway
Non-Intersection-Other, Not a Roadway
Non-Intersection-Unknown
Shoulder/Roadside
Sidewalk
Median/Crossing Island
Driveway Access
Shared-Use Path/Trail
Shared-Use Path
Non-Trafficway Area
Other
Not Reported
Unknown Location

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 280

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

The PERSON Data File

Discontinued PERSON Data Elements

Automatic Restraint

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element was discontinued after 1990.
Additional Information:
SAS Name: AUT_REST
Attribute Codes
1975-1989
0
Non-Motorist or Not Applicable
1
Automatic Belt in Use
2
Automatic Belt Not in Use
3
Deployed Air Bag (No Data 1983-1985)
4
Non-Deployed Air Bag (No Data 1983-1987)
5
Passive Belt (i.e., Passive Belt In Use, 1977-1979)
9
Unknown
1990
0
3
4
9

Non-Motorist
Deployed Air Bag
Non-Deployed Air Bag
Unknown

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 281

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Death Certificate Number

The PERSON Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element records the sequence number from the death certificate for this
person as assigned by the State Vital Statistics or Vital Records Department. This twelve-digit
data element is a combination of the four-digit GSA code for the City where the death occurred,
the two-digit state number, and the six-digit death certificate number.
Additional Information: .
SAS Name: CERT_NO
Attribute Codes
1991-2014
000000000000
xxxxxxxxxxxx
9997xxxxxxxx
9999xxxxxxxx
999999999999

Not Applicable (Not A Fatality) 12 0's
Any 12 digits
No GSA Element for The City
City Where Death Occurred Cannot Be Found on Death Certificate
Unknown

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Data Element Definitions and Codes • 282

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Manual Restraint

The PERSON Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element was discontinued after 1990.
Additional Information:
SAS Name: MAN_REST
Attribute Codes
1975-1990
0
None Used – Vehicle Occupant; Not Applicable – Non-Motorist
1
Shoulder Belt
2
Lap Belt
3
Lap and Shoulder Belt
4
Child Safety Seat
5
Motorcycle Helmet
8
Restraint Used – Type Unknown or Other Including Other Helmet
9
Unknown

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 283

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

The PARKWORK Data File

The PARKWORK Data File
The Parkwork data file includes Vehicle data elements applicable to Parked and Working
Vehicles. It contains the data elements ST_CASE, STATE, and VEH_NO, which are described
in the beginning of the Data Element Definitions and Codes section. The Parkwork data file
also contains the data elements on the following pages.
ST_CASE and VEH_NO are the unique identifiers for each record. ST_CASE should be used to
merge the Parkwork data file with the Accident data file. ST_CASE and VEH_NO should be
used to merge the Parkwork data file with the Vindecode and Person data files.
The Parkwork data file replaced the Vehnit data file in 2010. The Vehnit data file ran from 2005
to 2009 and its element and attribute history is also provided below.

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 284

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

C4A

The PARKWORK Data File

Number of Motor Vehicles in Transport (MVIT)

Definition: This data element is a count of the number of vehicles in-transport involved in the
crash. Legally parked vehicles are not included.
Additional Information: See this data element in the Accident data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: VE_FORMS
PVE_FORMS

2005-2009
2010-Later

Attribute Codes
20052008
1-99

2009Later
1-999

Number of Vehicle Forms

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 285

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

C8

Crash Date

C8A

Month of Crash

The PARKWORK Data File

Definition: This data element records the month in which the crash occurred.
Additional Information: See this data element in the Accident data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: MONTH
PMONTH

2005-2009
2010-Later

Attribute Codes
2005-Later
1
January
2
February
3
March
4
April
5
May
6
June
7
July
8
August
9
September
10
October
11
November
12
December

C8B

Day of Crash

Definition: This data element records the day of the month on which the crash occurred.
Additional Information: See this data element in the Accident data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: DAY

2009

PDAY 2010-Later
Attribute Codes
2005-Later
1-31
Day of the Month of the Crash

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 286

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

C9

Crash Time

C9A

Hour of Crash

The PARKWORK Data File

Definition: This data element records the hour at which the crash occurred.
Additional Information: See this data element in the Accident data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: HOUR
PHOUR

2009
2010-Later

Attribute Codes
2005-Later
0-23 Hour
99
Unknown

C9B

Minute of Crash

Definition: This data element records the minutes after the hour at which the crash occurred.
Additional Information: See this data element in the Accident data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: MINUTE
PMINUTE

2009
2010-Later

Attribute Codes
2005-Later
0-59 Minute
99
Unknown

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 287

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

C19

The PARKWORK Data File

First Harmful Event

Definition: This data element describes the first injury or damage producing event of the crash.
Additional Information: See this data element in the Accident data file section for more
information.
SAS Name:

HARM_EV

2005-2009

PHARM_EV

2010-Later

Attribute Codes
20052009
1
2
3
4
5
6
-7
8
9
-10
-11
-12
-13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
-22
23
-24
25
26
27
28
29

20102015
1
2
3
4
5
-6
7
8
-9
-10
-11
-12
-14
15
16
17
18
19
20
-21
--23
24
25
26
----

2016Later
1
2
3
4
5
-6
7
8
-9
-10
-11
-12
-14
15
16
17
18
19
20
-21
--23
24
25
26
----

Rollover/Overturn
Fire/Explosion
Immersion (or Partial Immersion, Since 2012)
Gas Inhalation
Fell/Jumped from Vehicle
Injured in Vehicle
Injured in Vehicle (Non-Collision)
Other Non-Collision
Pedestrian
Pedalcycle
Pedalcyclist
Railway Train
Railway Vehicle
Animal
Live Animal
Motor Vehicle in Transport on Same Roadway
Motor Vehicle in Transport
Motor Vehicle in Transport on Other Roadway
Parked Motor Vehicle (Not In Transport)
Non-Motorist on Personal Conveyance
Thrown or Falling Object
Boulder
Other Object (Not Fixed)
Building
Impact Attenuator/Crash Cushion
Bridge Pier or Abutment
Bridge Pier or Support
Bridge Parapet End
Bridge Rail
Bridge Rail (Includes Parapet)
Guardrail Face
Concrete Traffic Barrier
Other Traffic Barrier
Highway/Traffic Sign Post
Overhead Sign Support/Sign
Luminary/Light Support

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 288

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

C19

First Harmful Event

The PARKWORK Data File

(continued)

Attribute Codes
20052009
30
-31
-32
33
34
35
-36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
-45
-46
47
48
-49
50
51
-52
53
54

20102015
-30
31
-32
33
34
-35
--38
39
40
41
42
43
-44
-45
46
--48
49
50
-51
52
53
--

2016Later
-30
-31
32
33
34
-35
--38
39
40
41
42
43
-44
-45
46
--48
49
50
-51
52
53
--

--

54

54

55
55
57
----

-55
57
58
59
72

-55
57
58
59
72

Utility Pole
Utility Pole/Light Support
Other Post, Other Pole, or Other Support
Post, Pole or Other Support
Culvert
Curb
Ditch
Embankment – Earth
Embankment
Embankment – Rock, Stone, or Concrete
Embankment – Material Type Unknown
Fence
Wall
Fire Hydrant
Shrubbery
Tree (Standing Only)
Other Fixed Object
Pavement Surface Irregularity
Pavement Surface Irregularity (Ruts, Potholes, Grates, etc.)
Working Construction, Maintenance or Utility Vehicles
Working Motor Vehicle
Traffic Signal Support
Vehicle Occupant Struck or Run Over by Own Vehicle (2005-2009)
Collision With Snow Bank (2005-2009)
Snow Bank
Ridden Animal or Animal-Drawn Conveyance
Bridge Overhead Structure
Jackknife
Jackknife (Harmful to This Vehicle)
Guardrail End
Mail Box
Motor Vehicle Struck by Falling/Shifting Cargo or Anything Set in
Motion by Another Motor Vehicle in Transport
Motor Vehicle In-Transport Strikes or is Struck by Cargo, Persons or
Objects Set-in-Motion from/by Another Motor Vehicle In-Transport
Other Not in-Transport Motor Vehicle (2005-2007)
Motor Vehicle in Motion Outside the Trafficway (Since 2008)
Cable Barrier (Since 2008)
Ground
Traffic Sign Support
Cargo/Equipment Loss or Shift (Harmful to This Vehicle)

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Data Element Definitions and Codes • 289

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

C19

First Harmful Event

The PARKWORK Data File

(continued)

Attribute Codes
20052009
----99

20102015
73
--98
99

2016Later
-73
74
98
99

Object Fell From Motor Vehicle In-Transport (2013-2015)
Object That Had Fallen From Motor Vehicle In-Transport
Road Vehicle on Rails
Not Reported (2010 Only)
Unknown

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Data Element Definitions and Codes • 290

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C20

The PARKWORK Data File

Manner of Collision

Definition: This data element describes the orientation of two motor vehicles in-transport when
they are involved in the “First Harmful Event” of a collision crash. If the “First Harmful Event” is
not a collision between two motor vehicles in-transport it is classified as such.
Additional Information: See this data element in the Accident data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: MAN_COLL

2005-2009

PMAN_COLL 2010-Later
Attribute Codes
20052009
0

2010Later
0

1
2
3
4
5
6
-7
8
9
10
11
-99

1
2
----6
7
8
9
10
11
98
99

Not Collision with Motor Vehicle in Transport (Not Necessarily in Transport for
2005-2009)
Front-to-Rear
Front-to-Front
Angle – Front-to-Side, Same Direction
Angle – Front-to-Side, Opposite Direction
Angle – Front-to-Side, Right Angle (Includes Broadside)
Angle – Front-to-Side/Angle-Direction Not Specified
Angle
Sideswipe – Same Direction
Sideswipe – Opposite Direction
Rear-to-Side
Rear-to-Rear
Other (End-Swipes and Others)
Not Reported
Unknown

More Information on Manner of Collision

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Data Element Definitions and Codes • 291

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V4

The PARKWORK Data File

Number of Occupants

Definition: This data element is a count of the number of occupants in this vehicle.
Additional Information: See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: OCUPANTS
NUMOCCS

2005-2008
2009

PNUMOCCS 2010-Later
Attribute Codes
20052015
0
1-95
96
98
99

2016Later
0
1-98
--99

None
The Actual Number of Occupants in The Vehicle
96 Or More Occupants in The Vehicle
Not Reported (2010 Only)
Unknown

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V5

The PARKWORK Data File

Unit Type

Definition: This data element identifies the type of unit that applies to this motor vehicle at the
time it became an involved vehicle in the crash and was reported as a unit on the PAR.
Additional Information: This data element also appears in the Vehicle data file as UNITTYPE.
The only valid attribute for UNITTYPE is 1 (Motor Vehicle in Transport (Inside or Outside the
Trafficway)).
SAS Name: UNITTYPE
PTYPE

2005-2009
2010-Later

Attribute Codes
2005-Later
2
Motor Vehicle Not in Transport Within the Trafficway
3
Motor Vehicle Not in Transport Outside the Trafficway
4
Working Motor Vehicle (Highway Construction, Maintenance, Utility Only)

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V6

The PARKWORK Data File

Hit and Run

Definition: This data element identifies whether this vehicle was a contact vehicle in the crash
that did not stop to render aid (this can include drivers who flee the scene on foot). Hit and run
is coded when a motor vehicle in-transport, or its driver, departs from the scene; vehicles not intransport are excluded. It does not matter whether the hit-and-run vehicle was striking or struck.
Additional Information: See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: HIT_RUN
PHIT_RUN

2005-2009
2010-Later

Attribute Codes
20052008
0
1
-2
3
5
5
---

2009
0
-1
-----9

20102011
0
-1
----8
9

2012Later
0
-1
-----9

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

No / No Hit-and-Run
Hit Motor Vehicle in Transport
Yes
Hit Pedestrian or Non-Motorist
Hit Parked Vehicle (Working Vehicle, Since 2004) or Object
Other Involved Person, not a driver, left Scene (2005-2006)
Hit-and-Run, Other Involved Person Left Scene (2007-2008)
Not Reported
Unknown

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 294

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V7

The PARKWORK Data File

Registration State

Definition: This element identifies the state in which this vehicle was registered.
Additional Information: See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: REG_STAT

2005-2009

PREG_STAT 2010-Later
Attribute Codes
2005-Later
1 Alabama
2 Alaska
3 American Samoa
4 Arizona
5 Arkansas
6 California
8 Colorado
9 Connecticut
10 Delaware
11 District of Columbia
12 Florida
13 Georgia
14 Guam
15 Hawaii
16 Idaho
17 Illinois
18 Indiana
19 Iowa
20 Kansas
21 Kentucky
22 Louisiana
23 Maine
24 Maryland
25 Massachusetts
26 Michigan
27 Minnesota
28 Mississippi
29 Missouri

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56

Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Puerto Rico
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Virgin Islands
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 295

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V7

Registration State

The PARKWORK Data File

(continued)

Attribute Codes
2010-Later
0
Not Applicable
91
Not Reported
92
No Registration
93
Multiple State Registrations
94
U.S. Government Tags (Includes Military)
95
Canada
96
Mexico
97
Other Foreign Country
98
Other Registration (Includes Native American Indian Nations)
99
Unknown

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Data Element Definitions and Codes • 296

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V8

The PARKWORK Data File

Registered Vehicle Owner

Definition: This data element identifies the type of registered owner of the vehicle.
Additional Information:
SAS Name: OWNER
POWNER

2005-2009
2010-Later

Attribute Codes
20052007
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
-9

2008Later
0
1
2
3
4
5
-6
9

Not Applicable, Vehicle Not Registered
Driver (of This Vehicle) Was Registered Owner
Driver (of This Vehicle) Not Registered Owner (Other Private Owner)
Vehicle Registered as Business/Company/Government Vehicle
Vehicle Registered as Rental Vehicle
Vehicle Was Stolen (Reported By Police)
Driverless Vehicle
Driverless/Motor Vehicle Parked/Stopped Off Roadway
Unknown

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V9

The PARKWORK Data File

Vehicle Make

Definition: This data element identifies the make (manufacturer) of this vehicle.
Additional Information:
SAS Name: MAKE
PMAKE

2005-2009
2010-Later

Attribute Codes
2005-Later
1
American Motors
2
Jeep/Kaiser-Jeep/Willys Jeep
3
AM General
6
Chrysler
7
Dodge
8
Imperial
9
Plymouth
10
Eagle
12
Ford
13
Lincoln
14
Mercury
18
Buick/Opel
19
Cadillac
20
Chevrolet
21
Oldsmobile
22
Pontiac
23
GMC
24
Saturn
25
Grumman
26
Coda (Since 2013)
29
Other Domestic
Avanti
Checker
DeSoto
Excalibur
Hudson
Packard
Panoz
Saleen
Studebaker
Stutz
Tesla (Since 2014)
30
Volkswagen
31
Alfa Romeo
32
Audi
33
Austin/Austin Healey

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Data Element Definitions and Codes • 298

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V9

Vehicle Make

The PARKWORK Data File

(continued)

Attribute Codes
2005-Later
34
BMW
35
Datsun/Nissan
36
Fiat
37
Honda
38
Isuzu
39
Jaguar
40
Lancia
41
Mazda
42
Mercedes-Benz
43
MG
44
Peugeot
45
Porsche
46
Renault
47
Saab
48
Subaru
49
Toyota
50
Triumph
51
Volvo
52
Mitsubishi
53
Suzuki
54
Acura
55
Hyundai
56
Merkur
57
Yugo
58
Infiniti
59
Lexus
60
Daihatsu
61
Sterling
62
Land Rover
63
Kia
64
Daewoo
65
Smart (Since 2010)
66
Mahindra (2011-2013)
67
Scion (Since 2012)
69
Other Imports
Aston Martin
Bentley
Bertone
Bricklin
Bugatti
Caterham
Citroen
DeLorean
Desta

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V9

Vehicle Make

The PARKWORK Data File

(continued)

Attribute Codes
2005-Later
69
Other Imports (continued)
Ferrari
Fisker
Gazelle
Hillman
Jensen
Koenigsegg
Lada
Lamborghini
Lotus
Mahindra (Since 2013)
Maserati
Maybach
McLaren
Mini Cooper
Morgan
Morris
Reliant (British)
Rolls-Royce
Simca
Singer
Spyker
Sunbeam
TVR
70
BSA
71
Ducati
72
Harley-Davidson
73
Kawasaki
74
Moto Guzzi
75
Norton
76
Yamaha
77
Victory
78
Other Make Moped (Since 2010)
79
Other Make Motored Cycle (Since 2010)
80
Brockway
81
Diamond Reo/Reo
82
Freightliner
83
FWD
84
International Harvester/Navistar
85
Kenworth
86
Mack
87
Peterbilt
88
Iveco/Magirus
89
White/Autocar, White/GMC

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V9

Vehicle Make

The PARKWORK Data File

(continued)

Attribute Codes
2005-Later
90
Bluebird
91
Eagle Coach
92
Gillig
93
MCI
94
Thomas Built
97
Not Reported (Since 2010)
98
Other Make
Auto-Union-DKW
Carpenter
Collins Bus
DINA
Divco
Hino
Meyers Motors
Mid Bus
Neoplan
Orion
Oshkosh
Scania
Sterling
Think
UD
Van Hool
Western Star
99
Unknown Make

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Data Element Definitions and Codes • 301

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V10

The PARKWORK Data File

Vehicle Model

Definition: This data element identifies the model of this vehicle within a given make.
Additional Information:
SAS Name: MODEL
PMODEL

2005-2009
2010-Later

Attribute Codes
2005-Later
See the current FARS/NASS GES/CRSS Coding and Validation Manual for vehicle model
codes.

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V11

The PARKWORK Data File

Body Type

Definition: This data element identifies a classification of this vehicle based on its general body
configuration, size, shape, doors, etc.
Additional Information: See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: BODY_TYP

2005-2009

PBODYTYP

2010-Later

Attribute Codes
20052009
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
-19
20
21
22
28
29
30
31
32
33
39
40

2010Later
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
19
20
21
22
28
29
30
31
32
33
39
40

41
42
45

41
42
45

Convertible (Excludes Sunroof, T-Bar)
2-Door Sedan/Hardtop/Coupe
3-Door/2-Door Hatchback
4-Door Sedan/Hardtop
5-Door/4-Door Hatchback
Station Wagon (Excluding Van and Truck-Based)
Hatchback, Number of Doors Unknown
Sedan/Hardtop, Number of Doors Unknown
Other or Unknown Automobile Type
Auto-Based Pickup
Auto-Based Panel (Cargo Station Wagon, Auto-Based Ambulance or Hearse)
Large Limousine – More Than Four Side Doors or Stretch Chassis
Three-Wheel Automobile or Automobile Derivative
Compact Utility (ANSI D-16 Utility Vehicle Categories “Small” and “Midsize”)
Large Utility (ANSI D-16 Utility Vehicle Categories “Full Size” and “Large”)
Utility Station Wagon
3-Door Coupe
Utility Unknown Body
Minivan
Large Van – Includes Van-Based Buses
Step Van or Walk-In Van
Other Van Type (Hi-Cube Van)
Unknown Van Type
Compact Pickup (Gross Vehicle Weight, GVWR, < 4,500 lbs)
Standard Pickup (4,500 lbs GVWR < 10,000 lbs)
Pickup with Slide-In Camper
Convertible Pickup
Unknown (Pickup Style) Light Conventional Truck Type
Cab Chassis-Based (Includes Light Stake, Light Dump, Light Tow, Rescue
Vehicles)
Truck-Based Panel
Light-Truck-Based Motorhome (Chassis Mounted)
Other Light Conventional Truck Type (Includes Stretched Suburban
Limousine)

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V11

Body Type

The PARKWORK Data File

(continued)

Attribute Codes
20052009
48
-49
50
51
52
-58
59
60
61
--

2010Later
48
48
49
50
51
52
55
58
59
60
61
61

62
--

62
62

63
-64
-65
66
67
-71

63
63
-64
65
66
67
68
71

72

72

73
78
79
80
81
82
83
88
88

73
78
79
80
81
82
83
-88

89
90
91
92
93

89
90
91
92
93

Unknown Light-Truck Type (Not a Pickup, 2005-2012)
Unknown Light Truck Type (Since 2013)
Unknown Light-Vehicle Type (Automobile, Utility Vehicle, Van or Light Truck)
School Bus
Cross-Country/Intercity Bus (i.e., Greyhound)
Transit Bus (City Bus)
Van-Based Bus GVWR > 10,000 lbs. (Since 2011)
Other Bus Type
Unknown Bus Type
Step Van
Single-Unit Straight Truck (10,000 lbs < GVWR <= 19,500 lbs) (2005-2010)
Single-Unit Straight Truck or Cab-Chassis (10,000 lbs < GVWR <=
19,500 lbs) (Since 2011)
Single-Unit Straight Truck (19,500 lbs < GVWR <= 26,000 lbs) (2005-2010)
Single-Unit Straight Truck or Cab-Chassis (19,500 lbs < GVWR <=
26,000 lbs) (Since 2011)
Single-Unit Straight Truck (GVWR > 26,000 lbs) (2005-2010)
Single-Unit Straight Truck or Cab-Chassis (GVWR > 26,000 lbs) (Since 2011)
Single-Unit Straight Truck
Single Unit Straight Truck or Cab-Chassis (GVWR Unknown) (Since 2011)
Medium/Heavy Truck-Based Motorhome
Truck/Tractor (Cab Only, or with Any Number of Trailing Units: Any Weight)
Medium/Heavy Pickup (GVWR > 10,000 lbs)
Single-Unit Straight Truck (GVWR Unknown) (2010 Only)
Unknown if Single-Unit or Combination-Unit Medium Truck (10,000 lbs <
GVWR < 26,000 lbs)
Unknown if Single-Unit or Combination-Unit Heavy Truck (GVWR >
26,000 lbs.)
Camper or Motorhome, Unknown Truck Type
Unknown Medium/Heavy Truck Type
Unknown Truck Type
Motorcycle
Moped (Motorized Bicycle)
Three-Wheel Motorcycle/Moped- Not All-Terrain Vehicle
Off-Road Motorcycle (2-Wheel)
Other Motored Cycle Type (Mini-Bikes, Motor Scooters) (2005-2007)
Other Motored Cycle Type (Mini-Bikes, Motor Scooters, Pocket Motorcycles,
Pocket Bikes) (Since 2008)
Unknown Motored Cycle Type
ATV (All-Terrain Vehicle; Includes 3 or 4 Wheels)
Snowmobile
Farm Equipment Other Than Trucks
Construction Equipment Other Than Trucks (Includes Graders)

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V11

Body Type

The PARKWORK Data File

(continued)

Attribute Codes
20052009
--

2010Later
94

-97

95
97

-99

98
99

Low Speed Vehicle (LSV)/Neighborhood Electric Vehicle (NEV)
(Since 2011)
Golf Cart (Since 2012)
Other Vehicle Type (Includes Go-Cart, Fork-Lift, City Street Sweeper,
Dune/Swamp Buggy, Golf Cart)
Not Reported
Unknown Body Type

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 305

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V12

The PARKWORK Data File

Vehicle Model Year

Definition: This data element identifies the manufacturer's model year of this vehicle.
Additional Information:
SAS Name: MOD_YEAR

2005-2009

PMODYEAR 2010-Later
Attribute Codes
2005-Later
0-9997
9998
9999

Actual year of vehicle manufacture
Not Reported
Unknown

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 306

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V13

The PARKWORK Data File

Vehicle Identification Number (VIN)

Definition: This data element records the vehicle identification number (VIN) of this vehicle
assigned by the vehicle manufacturer. The VIN contains information on the vehicle such as:
manufacturer, model year, model, body type, restraint type, etc.
Additional Information: See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: VIN
PVIN

2005-2009
2010-Later

Attribute Codes
2005-2008
-xxxxxxxxxxxx
----

2009
-xxxxxxxxxxxx
000000000000
---

2010-Later
-xxxxxxxxxxxx
000000000000
888888888888
999999999999

First 10 Characters
First 12 Characters
No VIN Required
Not Reported
Unknown

More Information on Vehicle Identification Number (VIN)

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 307

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V14

The PARKWORK Data File

Vehicle Trailing

Definition: This data element identifies whether this vehicle had any attached trailing units or
was towing another motor vehicle. A trailing unit can be a horse trailer, fifth wheel trailer,
camper, boat, truck trailer, towed vehicle or any other trailer.
Additional Information: See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: TOW_VEH

2005-2009

PTRAILER

2010-Later

Attribute Codes
20052008
0
1
2
3
4
5
--9

2009Later
0
1
2
3
4
-5
6
9

No Trailing Unit
Yes, One Trailing Unit
Yes, Two Trailing Units
Yes, Three or More Trailing Units
Yes, Number of Trailing Units Unknown
Vehicle Towing another Motor Vehicle
Vehicle Towing another Motor Vehicle – Fixed Linkage
Vehicle Towing another Motor Vehicle – Non-Fixed Linkage
Unknown

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 308

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V15

The PARKWORK Data File

Trailer Vehicle Identification Number

Definition: This data element records the vehicle identification number (VIN) of any trailing
units of a combination vehicle.
Additional Information: See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: PTRLR1VIN, PTRLR2VIN, PTRLR3VIN
Attribute Codes
2016Later
000000000000
xxxxxxxxxxxx
777777777777
888888888888
999999999999

No VIN Required
First 12 Characters of the VIN
No Trailing Units
Not Reported
Unknown

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 309

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V17

The PARKWORK Data File

Motor Carrier Identification Number

Definition: This data element records the issuing authority and motor carrier identification
number if applicable to this vehicle. This data element is the combination of two data elements,
MCARR_I1 and MCARR_I2.
Additional Information: Prior to 2016, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element
Number was V16.
See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more information.
SAS Name: MCARR_ID

2005-2009

PMCARR_ID 2010-Later
Attribute Codes
20052009
xxxxxxxxxxx

2010Later
xxxxxxxxxxx

00000000000
-88888888888
99999999999

00000000000
77777777777
88888888888
99999999999

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

11-Character Combination of MCARR_I1 followed by
MCARR_I2
Not Applicable
Not Reported
None
Unknown

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 310

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V17A

The PARKWORK Data File

MCID Issuing Authority

Definition: This data element records the issuing authority if applicable to this vehicle.
Additional Information: Prior to 2016, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element
Number was V16A.
See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more information.
SAS Name: MCARR_I1

2007-2009

PMCARR_I1 2010-Later
Attribute Codes
20072009
0
1-56
57
58
-88
95
96
99

2010Later
0
1-56
57
58
77
88
95
96
99

Not Applicable
FARS State Code
US DOT
MC/MX (ICC)
Not Reported
None
Canada
Mexico
Unknown

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Data Element Definitions and Codes • 311

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V17B

The PARKWORK Data File

MCID Identification Number

Definition: This data element records the motor carrier identification number if applicable to
this vehicle.
Additional Information: Prior to 2016, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element
Number was V16B.
See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more information.
SAS Name: MCARR_I2

2007-2009

PMCARR_I2 2010-Later
Attribute Codes
2007-Later
xxxxxxxxx
000000000
777777777
888888888
999999999

Actual 9-Digit Number
Not Applicable
Not Reported
None
Unknown

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Data Element Definitions and Codes • 312

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V18

The PARKWORK Data File

Gross Vehicle Weight Rating

Definition: This data element identifies the gross vehicle weight rating of this vehicle if
applicable.
Additional Information: Prior to 2016, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element
Number was V17.
See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more information.
SAS Name: GVWR
PGVWR

2005-2009
2010-Later

Attribute Codes
20052009
0
1
2
3
-9

2010Later
0
1
2
3
8
9

Not Applicable
10,000 lbs or Less
10,001 lbs - 26,000 lbs
26,001 lbs or More
Not Reported
Unknown

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FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V19

The PARKWORK Data File

Vehicle Configuration

Definition: This data element identifies the general configuration of this vehicle if applicable.
Additional Information: Prior to 2016, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element
Number was V18.
SAS Name: V_CONFIG

2005-2009

PV_CONFIG 2010-Later
Attribute Codes
20052009
0

2010Later
--

-1
-2
3
4
-5
6
-7
-8
--19
-20
-21
21
-70

0
-1
2
--4
5
-6
-7
-8
10
-19
-20
--21
--

80
--99

-98
99
--

Not Applicable, Not a Medium/Heavy Truck or Bus or Vehicle Displaying a
Hazardous Material Placard
Not Applicable
Single-Unit Truck (2 axles, 6 tires)
Single-Unit Truck (2 axles and GVWR more than 10,000 lbs.)
Single-Unit Truck (3 or More axles)
Single-Unit Truck (Unknown Number of Axles, Tires)
Truck/Trailer(s)
Truck Pulling Trailer(s)
Truck Tractor (Bobtail, i.e., Tractor Only, No Trailer)
Tractor/Semi-Trailer (One Trailer)
Tractor/Semi-Trailer
Tractor/Doubles (Two Trailers)
Truck Tractor/Double
Tractor/Triples (Three Trailers)
Truck Tractor/Triple
Vehicle 10,000 lbs or Less Placarded for Hazardous Materials
Medium/Heavy Trucks, Cannot Classify
Truck More than 10,000 lbs., Cannot Classify
Bus (Seats for 9-15 Occupants, Including Driver)
Bus/Large Van (Seats for 9-15 Occupants, Including Driver)
Bus (Seats for More Than 15 People, Including Driver, 2005-2006)
Bus (Seats for 16 or More People, Including Driver, 2007-2009)
Bus (Seats for More Than 15 Occupants, Including Driver, 2010-Later)
Light Truck (Van, Mini-Van, Panel, Pickup, Sport Utility Vehicle Displaying a
Hazardous Material Placard)
Passenger Car (Only When Displaying a Hazardous Material Placard)
Not Reported (2010-2012)
Unknown
Unknown if Light or Medium/Heavy Truck/Bus

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

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FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V20

The PARKWORK Data File

Cargo Body Type

Definition: This data element identifies the primary cargo carrying capability of this vehicle if
applicable.
Additional Information: Prior to 2016, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element
Number was V19.
SAS Name: CARGO_BT

2005-2009

PCARGTYP

2010-Later

Attribute Codes
20052008
0
-1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
-10
11
-12
20
21
21
--96
97

2009Later
-0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
-9
10
-11
12
---22
28
96
--

-98
--99
--

97
-98
--99

Not Applicable, Not a Medium/Heavy Truck or Bus
Not Applicable
Van/Enclosed Box
Cargo Tank
Flatbed
Dump
Concrete Mixer
Auto Transporter
Garbage/Refuse
Grain, Chips, Gravel
Pole
Pole-Trailer
Log (Since 2007)
Intermodal Chassis (2007-2008)
Intermodal Container Chassis
Vehicle Towing Another Motor Vehicle (Since 2007)
Bus (Seats 9-15 People, Including Driver)
Bus (Seats More than 15 People, Including Driver, 2005-2006)
Bus (Seats for 16 or More People, Including Driver, 2007-2008)
Bus
Not Reported (2010-2012)
No Cargo Body Type
Medium/Heavy Truck, or Bus, Other Cargo Body Type (Not Data elements
01-12, 20-21)
Other
Medium/Heavy Truck, or Bus, Unknown Cargo Body Type
Unknown Cargo Body Type
Unknown Vehicle Type
Unknown if Light or Medium/Heavy Truck/Bus
Unknown

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 315

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V21A/HM1

The PARKWORK Data File

Hazardous Material Involvement

Definition: This data element identifies whether this vehicle was carrying hazardous materials.
Additional Information: Prior to 2016, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element
Number was V20A/HM1.
SAS Name: HAZ_INV
PHAZ_INV

2007-2009
2010-Later

2007-Later
1
No
2
Yes

V21B/HM2

Hazardous Material Placard

Definition: This data element identifies the presence of hazardous materials for this vehicle
and whether this vehicle displayed a hazardous materials placard.
Additional Information: Prior to 2016, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element
Number was V20B/HM2.
SAS Name: HAZ_PLAC

2007-2009

PHAZPLAC

2010-Later

2007-Later
0
Not Applicable
1
No
2
Yes
8
Not Reported

V21C/HM3

Hazardous Material Identification Number

Definition: This data element identifies the 4-digit hazardous material identification number for
this vehicle.
Additional Information: Prior to 2016, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element
Number was V20C/HM3.
SAS Name: HAZ_ID
PHAZ_ID

2007-2009
2010-Later

2007-Later
0
Not Applicable
xxxx Actual 4-Digit Number
8888 Not Reported

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 316

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V21D/HM4

The PARKWORK Data File

Hazardous Material Class Number

Definition: This data element identifies the single-digit hazardous material class number for
this vehicle.
Additional Information: Prior to 2016, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element
Number was V20D/HM4.
SAS Name: HAZ_CNO
PHAZ_CNO

2007-2009
2010-Later

2007
0
1-7 or 9
8

Not Applicable
Actual Number
Not Reported

2008-Later
0
1-9
88

Not Applicable
Actual Number
Not Reported

V21E/HM5

Release of Hazardous Material from the Cargo Compartment

Definition: This data element identifies whether any hazardous cargo was released from the
cargo tank or compartment of this vehicle.
Additional Information: Prior to 2016, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element
Number was V20E/HM5.
SAS Name: HAZ_REL
PHAZ_REL

2007-2009
2010-Later

2007-Later
0
Not Applicable
1
No
2
Yes
8
Not Reported

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 317

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V22

The PARKWORK Data File

Bus Use

Definition: This data element describes the common type of bus service this vehicle was being
used as at the time of the crash or the primary use for the bus if not in service at the time of the
crash.
Additional Information: Prior to 2016, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element
Number was V21.
SAS Name: BUS_USE
PBUS_USE

2005-2009
2010-Later

Attribute Codes
2005-2009
0
Not Used as a Bus
1
Used as a Public School Bus
2
Used as a Private School Bus
3
Used as a School Bus, Public or Private Unknown
4
Used as a Scheduled Service Bus
5
Used as a Tour Bus
6
Used as a Commuter Bus
7
Used as a Shuttle Bus
8
Modified for Personal/Private Use
9
Unknown Bus Use
2010-Later
0
Not a Bus
1
School Bus
4
Intercity Bus
5
Charter/Tour Bus
6
Transit/Commuter Bus
7
Shuttle Bus
8
Modified for Personal/Private Use
98
Not Reported
99
Unknown

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 318

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V23

The PARKWORK Data File

Special Use

Definition: This data element identifies any special use associated with this vehicle at the time
of the crash.
Additional Information: Prior to 2016, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element
Number was V22.
SAS Name: SPEC_USE
PSP_USE

2005-2009
2010-Later

Attribute Codes
20052009
0
1
2
-3
4
5
6
7
8
---9

20102011
0
1
2
-3
4
5
6
7
8
--98
99

2012
0
1
-2
3
4
5
6
7
8
--98
99

2013Later
0
1
-2
3
4
5
6
7
-8
13
98
99

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

No Special Use
Taxi
Vehicle Used for School Bus
Vehicle Used as School Transport
Vehicle Used as Other Bus
Military
Police
Ambulance
Fire Truck
Emergency Services Vehicle (2009-2012)
Non-Transport Emergency Services Vehicle
Incident Response
Not Reported
Unknown

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 319

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V24

The PARKWORK Data File

Emergency Motor Vehicle Use

Definition: This data element identifies whether this vehicle was engaged in emergency use.
Emergency Use indicates operation of any motor vehicle that is legally authorized by a
government authority to respond to emergencies with or without the use of emergency warning
equipment, such as a police vehicle, fire truck or ambulance while actually engaged in such
response.
Additional Information: Prior to 2013 this data element was called “Emergency Use.” Prior to
2016, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element Number was V23.
See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more information.
SAS Name: EMER_USE
PEM_USE

2005-2009
2010-Later

Attribute Codes
20052009
0
-1
----

20102012
0
-1
----

2013
-0
-2
3
4

2014Later
-0
-2
3
4

--

--

5

5

--

--

--

6

---

8
9

8
9

8
9

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

No
Not Applicable
Yes
Non-Emergency, Non-Transport
Non-Emergency Transport
Emergency Operation, Emergency Warning Equipment
Not In Use
Emergency Operation, Emergency Warning Equipment
In Use
Emergency Operation, Emergency Warning Equipment
In Use Unknown
Not Reported
Unknown

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 320

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V26

The PARKWORK Data File

Underride/Override

Definition: This data element identifies this vehicle’s involvement in an underride or override
during the crash.
Additional Information: Prior to 2016, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element
Number was V25.
See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more information.
SAS Name: UNDERIDE

2005-2009

PUNDERIDE 2010-Later
Attribute Codes
2005-Later
0
No Underride or Override (2005-2011)
0
No Underride or Override Noted (2012-Later)
WITH MOTOR VEHICLE IN TRANSPORT
1
Underride (Compartment Intrusion)
2
Underride (No Compartment Intrusion)
3
Underride (Compartment Intrusion Unknown)
WITH MOTOR VEHICLE NOT IN TRANSPORT
4
Underride (Compartment Intrusion)
5
Underride (No Compartment Intrusion)
6
Underride (Compartment Intrusion Unknown)
7
8
9

Override, Motor Vehicle in Transport
Override, Motor Vehicle Not in Transport
Unknown if Underride or Override

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 321

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V29A

The PARKWORK Data File

Initial Contact Point

Definition: This data element identifies the area on this vehicle that produced the first instance
of injury to non-motorists or occupants of this vehicle, or that resulted in the first instance of
damage to other property or to this vehicle.
Additional Information: Prior to 2016, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element
Number was V28A.
See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more information.
SAS Name: IMPACT1

2005-2009

PIMPACT1

2010-Later

Attribute Codes
20052009
0
1-12
13
14
18
---------------99

20102011
0
1-12
13
14
-18
---61
62
-63
-81
82
-83
-98
99

2012
0
1-12
13
14
--18
--61
-62
-63
81
-82
-83
98
99

2013Later
0
1-12
13
14
---18
19
61
-62
-63
81
-82
-83
98
99

Non-Collision
Clock points
Top
Undercarriage
This Vehicle Set Something in Motion
Causing Injury or Damage (Not a Clock Point)
Set-in-Motion (Not a Clock Point)
Set-in-Motion (Not a Clock Value)
Cargo/Vehicle Parts Set-In-Motion
Other Objects Set-In-Motion
Left
Left-Front Half
Left-Front Side
Left-Back Half
Left-Back Side
Right
Right-Front Half
Right-Front Side
Right-Back Half
Right-Back Side
Not Reported
Unknown

More Information on Impact

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 322

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V30

The PARKWORK Data File

Extent of Damage

Definition: This data element records the amount of damage sustained by this vehicle as
indicated on the PAR based on an operational damage scale.
Additional Information: Prior to 2016, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element
Number was V29.
See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more information.
SAS Name: VEH_SEV
PVEH_SEV

2005-2009
2010-Later

Attribute Codes
2005-2008
0
None
2
Other (Minor)
4
Functional (Moderate)
6
Disabling (Severe)
9
Unknown
2009
0
2
4
6
-9

2010Later
0
2
4
6
8
9

No Damage
Minor Damage
Functional Damage
Disabling Damage
Not Reported
Unknown

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 323

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V31

The PARKWORK Data File

Vehicle Removal

Definition: This data element describes the mode by which this vehicle left the scene of the
crash.
Additional Information: Prior to 2016, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element
Number was V30.
See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more information.
SAS Name: TOWAWAY

2005-2008

TOWED

2009

PTOWED

2010-Later

Attribute Codes
20052008
1
2
-3
----9

2009
1
-2
-3
4
--9

20102012
1
-2
-3
4
-8
9

2013Later
--2
-3
-5
8
9

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Driven Away
Towed Away
Towed Due to Disabling Damage
Abandoned/Left Scene
Towed Not Due to Disabling Damage
Abandoned/Left Scene
Not Towed
Not Reported
Unknown

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 324

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V33

The PARKWORK Data File

Most Harmful Event

Definition: This data element describes the event that resulted in the most severe injury or, if
no injury, the greatest property damage involving this vehicle.
Additional Information: Prior to 2016, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element
Number was V32.
See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more information.
SAS Name: M_HARM
PM_HARM

2005-2009
2010-Later

Attribute Codes
20052009
1
2
3
4
5
6
-7
8
9
-10
-11
-12
-13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
-22
23
-24
25
26
27

20102012
1
2
3
4
5
-6
7
8
-9
-10
-11
-12
-14
15
16
17
18
19
20
-21
--23
24
25
26
--

20132015
1
2
3
4
5
-6
7
8
-9
-10
-11
-12
-14
15
16
17
18
19
20
-21
--23
24
25
26
--

2016Later
1
2
3
4
5
-6
7
8
-9
-10
-11
-12
-14
15
16
17
18
19
20
-21
--23
24
25
26
--

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Rollover/Overturn
Fire/Explosion
Immersion (or Partial Immersion, Since 2012)
Gas Inhalation
Fell/Jumped from Vehicle
Injured in Vehicle
Injured in Vehicle (Non-Collision)
Other Non-Collision
Pedestrian
Pedalcycle
Pedalcyclist
Railway Train
Railway Vehicle
Animal
Live Animal
Motor Vehicle in Transport on Same Roadway
Motor Vehicle in Transport
Motor Vehicle in Transport on Other Roadway
Parked Motor Vehicle
Non-Motorist on Personal Conveyance
Thrown or Falling Object
Boulder
Other Object (Not Fixed)
Building
Impact Attenuator/Crash Cushion
Bridge Pier or Abutment
Bridge Pier or Support
Bridge Parapet End
Bridge Rail
Bridge Rail (Includes Parapet)
Guardrail Face
Concrete Traffic Barrier
Other Traffic Barrier
Highway/Traffic Sign Post

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 325

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V33

Most Harmful Event

The PARKWORK Data File

(continued)

Attribute Codes
20052009
28
29
30
-31
-32
33
34
35
-36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
-45
-46
47
48
-49
50
51
-52
53
54

20102012
---30
31
-32
33
34
-35
--38
39
40
41
42
43
-44
-45
46
--48
49
50
-51
52
53
--

20132015
---30
31
-32
33
34
-35
--38
39
40
41
42
43
-44
-45
46
--48
49
50
-51
52
53
--

2016Later
---30
-31
32
33
34
-35
--38
39
40
41
42
43
-44
-45
46
--48
49
50
-51
52
53
--

--

54

54

54

55
55
57
---

-55
57
58
59

-55
57
58
59

-88
57
58
59

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Overhead Sign Support/Sign
Luminary/Light Support
Utility Pole
Utility Pole/Light Support
Other Post, Other Pole, or Other Support
Post, Pole or Other Support
Culvert
Curb
Ditch
Embankment – Earth
Embankment
Embankment – Rock, Stone, or Concrete
Embankment – Material Type Unknown
Fence
Wall
Fire Hydrant
Shrubbery
Tree (Standing Only)
Other Fixed Object
Pavement Surface Irregularity
Pavement Surface Irregularity (Ruts, Potholes, Grates, etc.)
Working Construction, Maintenance or Utility Vehicles
Working Motor Vehicle
Traffic Signal Support
Vehicle Occupant Struck or Run Over by Own Vehicle
Collision With Snow Bank
Snow Bank
Ridden Animal or Animal-Drawn Conveyance
Bridge Overhead Structure
Jackknife
Jackknife (Harmful to This Vehicle)
Guardrail End
Mail Box
Motor Vehicle Struck by Falling/Shifting Cargo or Anything
Set in Motion by Another Motor Vehicle in Transport
Motor Vehicle In-Transport Strikes or is Struck by Cargo,
Persons or Objects Set-in-Motion from/by Another Motor
Vehicle In-Transport
Other Not in-Transport Motor Vehicle (2005-2007)
Motor Vehicle in Motion Outside the Trafficway (Since 2008)
Cable Barrier (Since 2008)
Ground
Traffic Sign Support

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 326

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V33

Most Harmful Event

The PARKWORK Data File

(continued)

Attribute Codes
20052009
-----99

20102012
72
---98
99

20132015
72
73
---99

2016Later
72
-73
74
-99

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Cargo/Equipment Loss or Shift (Harmful to This Vehicle)
Object Fell From Motor Vehicle In-Transport
Object That Had Fallen From Motor Vehicle In-Transport
Road Vehicle on Rails
Not Reported (2010 Only)
Unknown

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 327

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

The PARKWORK Data File

Related Factors – Vehicle Level

V34

Definition: This data element records factors related to this vehicle expressed by the
investigating officer.
Additional Information: Prior to 2016, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element
Number was V33.
See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more information.
SAS Name: VEH_CF1, VEH_CF2
PVEH_SC1, PVEH_SC2

2005-2009
2010-Later

Attribute Codes
20052009
0
1
2
3
4

20102013
0
-----

2014Later
0
-----

5

--

--

6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
--31
32
33
35
35
36
37
39

--------------30
--32
33
-35
36
37
39

---------------30
-32
33
-35
-37
39

None
Tires (Does Not Include Wheels, See Value 16)
Brake System
Steering System- Tie Rod, Kingpin, Ball Joint, etc.
Suspension- Springs, Shock Absorbers, MacPherson struts, Axle
Bearing, Control Arms, etc.
Power Train (Power Train/Engine)- Universal Joint, Drive Shaft,
Transmission, etc.
Exhaust System
Headlights
Signal Lights
Other Lights
Horn
Mirrors
Wipers
Driver Seating and Control
Body, Doors, Hood, Other
Trailer Hitch
Wheels
Air Bags
Other Vehicle Defects
Safety Belts
3-Wheeled Motorcycle Conversion (2012-2013)
Multi-Wheeled Motorcycle Conversion
Hit-and-Run Vehicle (2005-2008)
Vehicle Registration for Handicapped
Vehicle Being Pushed by Non-Motorist
Reconstructed Vehicle (2005-2007)
Reconstructed/Altered Vehicle (Since 2008)
Electric/Alternative Fuel Vehicle
Transporting Children to/from Head Start/Day Care
Highway Construction, Maintenance or Utility Vehicle, In Transport
(Inside or Outside Work Zone)

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 328

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V34

Related Factors – Vehicle Level

The PARKWORK Data File

(continued)

Attribute Codes
20052009
40
41

20102013
40
41

2014Later
40
41

42

42

42

43

--

--

44
99

44
99

44
99

Highway Incident Response Vehicle
Police Fire or EMS Vehicle Working at the Scene of an Emergency
or Performing Other Traffic Control Activities
Other Working Vehicle (Not Construction, Maintenance, Utility,
Police, Fire, or EMS Vehicle)
Hazardous Materials/Cargo Released From This Vehicle
(2005-2006)
Adaptive Equipment (Since 2007)
Unknown

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 329

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V35

The PARKWORK Data File

Fire Occurrence

Definition: This data element identifies whether a fire in any way related to the crash occurred
in this vehicle.
Additional Information: Prior to 2016, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element
Number was V34.
See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more information.
SAS Name: FIRE_EXP
PFIRE

2005-2009
2010-Later

Attribute Codes
20052007
0
-1
---

2008
0
-1
-2

2009Later
-0
-1
--

No Fire
No or Not Reported
Fire Occurred in This Vehicle during Crash
Yes
Fire Occurred in This Vehicle and Initiated Fire/Explosion in Another
Vehicle

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 330

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V100

The PARKWORK Data File

Make Model Combined

Definition: This derived data element represents the 5-digit combination of two data elements,
the 2-digit “Vehicle Make” code (MAKE) followed by the 3-digit “Vehicle Model” code (MODEL).
Additional Information: See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: MAK_MOD

2005-2009

PMAK_MOD 2010-Later
Attribute Codes
2005-Later
See the current FARS/NASS GES/CRSS Coding and Validation Manual for vehicle make
and model codes.

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 331

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V101

The PARKWORK Data File

VIN Character 1

Definition: This data element represents the first character in the VIN string for this vehicle.
Additional Information:
SAS Name: VIN_1
PVIN_1

2005-2009
2010-Later

Attribute Codes
2005-Later
x
First Character in the VIN String

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 332

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V102

The PARKWORK Data File

VIN Character 2

Definition: This data element represents the second character in the VIN string for this vehicle.
Additional Information:
SAS Name: VIN_2
PVIN_2

2005-2009
2010-Later

Attribute Codes
2005-Later
x
Second Character in the VIN String

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 333

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V103

The PARKWORK Data File

VIN Character 3

Definition: This data element represents the third character in the VIN string for this vehicle.
Additional Information:
SAS Name: VIN_3
PVIN_3

2005-2009
2010-Later

Attribute Codes
2005-Later
x
Third Character in the VIN String

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 334

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V104

The PARKWORK Data File

VIN Character 4

Definition: This data element represents the fourth character in the VIN string for this vehicle.
Additional Information:
SAS Name: VIN_4
PVIN_4

2005-2009
2010-Later

Attribute Codes
2005-Later
x
Fourth Character in the VIN String

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 335

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V105

The PARKWORK Data File

VIN Character 5

Definition: This data element represents the fifth character in the VIN string for this vehicle.
Additional Information:
SAS Name: VIN_5
PVIN_5

2005-2009
2010-Later

Attribute Codes
2005-Later
x
Fifth Character in the VIN String

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 336

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V106

The PARKWORK Data File

VIN Character 6

Definition: This data element represents the sixth character in the VIN string for this vehicle.
Additional Information:
SAS Name: VIN_6
PVIN_6

2005-2009
2010-Later

Attribute Codes
2005-Later
x
Sixth Character in the VIN String

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 337

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V107

The PARKWORK Data File

VIN Character 7

Definition: This data element represents the seventh character in the VIN string for this
vehicle.
Additional Information:
SAS Name: VIN_7
PVIN_7

2005-2009
2010-Later

Attribute Codes
2005-Later
x
Seventh Character in the VIN String

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 338

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V108

The PARKWORK Data File

VIN Character 8

Definition: This data element represents the eighth character in the VIN string for this vehicle.
Additional Information:
SAS Name: VIN_8
PVIN_8

2005-2009
2010-Later

Attribute Codes
2005-Later
x
Eighth Character in the VIN String

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 339

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V109

The PARKWORK Data File

VIN Character 9

Definition: This data element represents the ninth character in the VIN string for this vehicle.
Additional Information:
SAS Name: VIN_9
PVIN_9

2005-2009
2010-Later

Attribute Codes
2005-Later
x
Ninth Character in the VIN String

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 340

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V110

The PARKWORK Data File

VIN Character 10

Definition: This data element represents the tenth character in the VIN string for this vehicle.
Additional Information:
SAS Name: VIN_10
PVIN_10

2005-2009
2010-Later

Attribute Codes
2005-Later
x
Tenth Character in the VIN String

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 341

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V111

The PARKWORK Data File

VIN Character 11

Definition: This data element represents the eleventh character in the VIN string for this
vehicle.
Additional Information:
SAS Name: VIN_11
PVIN_11

2005-2009
2010-Later

Attribute Codes
2005-Later
x
Eleventh Character in the VIN String

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 342

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V112

The PARKWORK Data File

VIN Character 12

Definition: This data element represents the twelfth character in the VIN string for this vehicle.
Additional Information:
SAS Name: VIN_12
PVIN_12

2005-2009
2010-Later

Attribute Codes
2005-Later
x
Twelfth Character in the VIN String

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 343

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V150

The PARKWORK Data File

Fatalities in Vehicle

Definition: This derived data element records the number of fatalities that occurred in this
vehicle and is derived by counting all persons with “Injury Severity” of 4 in the vehicle.
Additional Information: See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: DEATHS
PDEATHS

2005-2009
2010-Later

Attribute Codes
2005-Later
0-99
Number of Fatalities that Occurred in the Vehicle.

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 344

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

The PARKWORK Data File

Discontinued PARKWORK Data Elements

Axle

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element counts the total number of axles on the vehicle (and converter
dolly), including the trailing units (includes raised axles).
Additional Information: See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: AXLES
Attribute Codes
2005-2007
0
2-97
98
99

Not Applicable, Not a Medium/Heavy Truck or Bus
Number of Axles
Medium/Heavy Truck or Bus, Number of Axles Unknown
Unknown if Light or Medium/Heavy Truck or Bus

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Carburetion

The PARKWORK Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies the number of barrels for the engine of this vehicle or a
code indicating that the engine is high-performance, fuel-injected, turbocharged, or
electronically-controlled.
Additional Information: See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: PCARBUR
Attribute Codes
2011-2012
0-8
Actual Number of Barrels
A
1 Barrel, Lower HP
B
1 Barrel, Higher HP
C
1 Barrel, Turbo
D
1 Barrel, Turbo Low HP
E
1 Barrel, Turbo High HP
F
Number of Barrels Not Specified, Fuel injection
G
1 Barrel, Electronically controlled
H
Number of Barrels Not Specified, High performance
J
2 Barrels, Lower HP
K
2 Barrels, Higher HP
L
2 Barrels, Turbo
M
2 Barrels, Turbo Low HP
N
2 Barrels, Turbo High HP
P
2 Barrels, Electronically controlled
Q
Number of Barrels Not Specified, Electronically controlled
R
4 Barrels, Electronically controlled
S
4 Barrels, Lower HP
T
1, 2 or 4 Barrels,Turbo Fuel Injected
U
4 Barrels, Higher HP
V
4 Barrels, Turbo
W
4 Barrels, Turbo Low HP
X
4 Barrels, Turbo High HP
Y
Number of Barrels Not Specified, Turbo
Z
Number of Barrels Not Specified, Super Charged

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Crash Avoidance Maneuver

The PARKWORK Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element is collected to indicate if an avoidance maneuver was taken by
the driver to avoid the crash.
Additional Information: See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: AVOID
Attribute Codes
2005-2009
0
No Avoidance Maneuver Reported
1
Braking (Skid Marks Evident)
2
Braking (No Skid Marks; Driver Stated)
3
Braking (Other Reported Evidence)
4
Steering (Evidence or Stated)
5
Steering and Braking (Evidence or Stated)
6
Other Avoidance Maneuver
8
Not Reported / (Inconclusive Since 1999, By Police)

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Commercial Motor Vehicle License Status

The PARKWORK Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element indicates the status of the driver’s Commercial Driver’s License
(CDL) if applicable.
Additional Information: See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: CDL_STAT
Attribute Codes
2005-2009
0
No Commercial Driver's License (CDL)
1
Suspended
2
Revoked
3
Expired
4
Cancelled or Denied
5
Disqualified
6
Valid
7
Learner's Permit
8
Other – Not Valid
9
Unknown CDL

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Compliance with CDL Endorsements

The PARKWORK Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies whether the vehicle driven at the time of the crash
required endorsement(s) on a Commercial Driver’s License (CDL) and whether this driver was
complying with the CDL endorsements.
Additional Information: See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: L_ENDORS
Attribute Codes
2005-2009
0
No Endorsements Required For This Vehicle
1
Endorsement(s) Required, Complied With
2
Endorsement(s) Required, Not Complied With
3
Endorsement(s) Required, Compliance Unknown
-No Driver Present/Unknown if Driver Present
-Not Reported
9
Unknown, if Required

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Compliance with License Restrictions

The PARKWORK Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element indicates whether this driver was compliant with restrictions on
their license.
Additional Information: See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: L_RESTRI
Attribute Codes
1975-2009
0
No Restrictions or Not Applicable
1
Restrictions Complied With
2
Restrictions Not Complied With
3
Restrictions, Compliance Unknown
9
Unknown

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Cubic Inch Displacement

The PARKWORK Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies the manufacturer’s cubic inch displacement of the
engine pistons for this vehicle.
Additional Information: See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: PDISPLACE
Attribute Codes
2011-2012
xxx
Actual Cubic Inch Displacement (cid)

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Curb Weight

The PARKWORK Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies the base weight of the series for this vehicle. This is
available for Passenger Type Vehicles only (VINTYPE='P').
Additional Information: See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: VIN_WGT
PVIN_WGT

2005-2009
2010-2012

Attribute Codes
2005-2012
0
1-9998
9999

Not Available
Actual weight of Automobile (lbs)
Value Not Coded

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Driver Drinking

The PARKWORK Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element records whether the driver was drinking and is derived from data
elements in the Vehicle and Person data files.
Additional Information: See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: DR_DRINK
Attribute Codes
2005-2009
0
No Drinking
1
Drinking

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Driver Height

The PARKWORK Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies this driver's height (in inches).
Additional Information: See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: DR_HGT
Attribute Codes
2005-2009
24-107
Actual Height in Inches
999
Unknown

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Driver Presence

The PARKWORK Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies whether a driver was present in this vehicle at the
onset of the unstabilized situation.
Additional Information: See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: DR_PRES
Attribute Codes
20052008
-1
-2
3
4

2009
0
-1
----

4

--

9

9

No Driver Present/Not Applicable
Driver Operated Vehicle
Yes
Driverless (No Driver)
Driver Left Scene
Motor Vehicle not In-Transport (Parked/Stopped Off Roadway/ Working
Motor Vehicle/In Motion Outside Trafficway, 2008 Only)
Motor Vehicle not In-Transport (Parked/Stopped Off Roadway/Working/ In
Motion Outside Trafficway, 2005-2007)
Unknown

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Driver Weight

The PARKWORK Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies this driver's weight (in pounds).
Additional Information: See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: DR_WGT
Attribute Codes
2005-2009
40-700
Actual Weight in Pounds
998
Other
999
Unknown

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Driver’s License State

The PARKWORK Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This element identifies the state of issue for the license held by this driver.
Additional Information:
SAS Name: L_STATE
Attribute Codes
2005-2009
1 Alabama
2 Alaska
3 American Samoa
4 Arizona
5 Arkansas
6 California
8 Colorado
9 Connecticut
10 Delaware
11 District of Columbia
12 Florida
13 Georgia
14 Guam
15 Hawaii
16 Idaho
17 Illinois
18 Indiana
19 Iowa
20 Kansas
21 Kentucky
22 Louisiana
23 Maine
24 Maryland
25 Massachusetts
26 Michigan
27 Minnesota
28 Mississippi
29 Missouri
94
94
95
96
97
99

30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56

Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Puerto Rico
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Virgin Islands (Since 2004)
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming

Military (2005-2006)
U.S. Government (Since 2007)
Canada
Mexico
Other Foreign Country
Unknown

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Driver’s Vision Obscured by

The PARKWORK Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element records impediments to a driver’s visual field that were noted in
the case materials.
Additional Information: See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: D_VISION1, D_VISION2, D_VISION3
Attribute Codes
2009
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
97
98
99

No Obstruction Noted
Rain, Snow, Fog, Smoke, Sand, Dust
Reflected Glare, Bright Sunlight, Headlights
Curve, Hill, or Other Roadway Design Features
Building, Billboard, or Other Structure
Trees, Crops, Vegetation
In-Transport Motor Vehicle (Including Load)
Not-in-Transport Motor Vehicle (Parked, Working)
Splash or Spray of Passing Vehicle
Inadequate Defrost or Defog System
Inadequate Vehicle Lighting System
Obstructing Interior to the Vehicle
External Mirrors
Broken or Improperly Cleaned Windshield
Obstructing Angles on Vehicle
Vision Obscured – No Details
Other Visual Obstruction
Unknown

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Driver’s ZIP Code

The PARKWORK Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element records the zip code of the driver’s address as listed in the case
material.
Additional Information: See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: DR_ZIP
Attribute Codes
2005-2009
00000
Not a Resident of U. S. or Territories
xxxxx
Actual Zip Code, Five Numeric
99999
Unknown

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Fuel Code

The PARKWORK Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies the fuel type for this vehicle determined by the
manufacturer specification and recommendation.
Additional Information: See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: FLDCD_TR

2005-2009

PFUECODE

2010-2012

Attribute Codes
20052009
-C

20102012
B
C

D
E
F
G
H
M
N
P
9

D
E
F
G
H
M
N
P
9

Electric and Gasoline Hybrid Engine
Gasoline Engine That Can Be Easily Converted to Gaseous-Powered Engine
(Powered by Natural Gas, Propane, etc.)
Diesel
Electric
Flexible Fuel
Gas
Ethanol Fuel Only
Methanol Gas Only
Compressed Natural Gas
Propane
Unknown

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Hazardous Cargo

The PARKWORK Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies the presence of hazardous cargo for this vehicle and
records information about the hazardous cargo when present.
Additional Information: See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: HAZ_CARG
Attribute Codes
2005-2006
0
No
-Yes
1
Yes, Placarded
2
Yes, Not Placarded
3
Yes, Unknown if Placarded
9
Unknown

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Jackknife

The PARKWORK Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies whether this vehicle experienced a jackknife anytime
during the unstabilized situation.
Additional Information: See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: J_KNIFE
Attribute Codes
2005-2009
0
Not an Articulated Vehicle
1
No
2
Yes, First Event
3
Yes, Subsequent Event

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License Compliance with Class of Vehicle

The PARKWORK Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies the type of license possessed or not possessed by this
driver for the class of vehicle being driven at the time of the crash.
Additional Information: See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: L_COMPL
2005-2009
0
Not Licensed
1
No License Required for This Class Vehicle
2
No Valid License for This Class Vehicle
3
Valid License for This Class Vehicle
8
Unknown if CDL and/or CDL Endorsement Required for This Vehicle
9
Unknown
More Information on Driver License Type Compliance

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Location of Rollover

The PARKWORK Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies the location of the trip point or start of this vehicle's roll.
Additional Information: See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: ROLINLOC
Attribute Codes
2009
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
9

No Rollover
On Roadway
On Shoulder
On Median/Separator
In Gore
On Roadside
Outside of Trafficway
Unknown

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The PARKWORK Data File

Month of First Crash, Suspension or Conviction

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element records the month of the first crash, suspension, or conviction for
this driver that occurred within three years of the crash date.
Additional Information: See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: FIRST_MO
Attribute Codes
2005-2009
0
No Record
1
January
2
February
3
March
4
April
5
May
6
June
7
July
8
August
9
September
10
October
11
November
12
December
99
Unknown

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The PARKWORK Data File

Month of Last Crash, Suspension or Conviction

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element records the month of the last crash, suspension, or conviction for
this driver that occurred within three years of the crash date.
Additional Information: See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: LAST_MO
Attribute Codes
2005-2009
0
No Record
1
January
2
February
3
March
4
April
5
May
6
June
7
July
8
August
9
September
10
October
11
November
12
December
99
Unknown

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Most Damaged Area

The PARKWORK Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies the area on this vehicle that was most damaged during
an event in the crash.
Additional Information: See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: PIMPACT2
Attribute Codes
20052009
0
1-12
13
14
18
--------99

20102011
0
1-12
13
14
-18
61
62
63
81
82
83
98
99

Non-Collision
Clock points
Top
Undercarriage
This Vehicle Set Something in Motion Causing Injury or Damage
(Not a Clock Point)
Set-in-Motion (Not a Clock Point)
Left
Left-Front Half
Left-Back Half
Right
Right-Front Half
Right-Back Half
Not Reported
Unknown

More Information on Impact

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Motorcycle Dry Weight

The PARKWORK Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies the dry weight of this motorcycle model.
Additional Information: See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: PMCYCL_WT
Attribute Codes
2011-2012
xxxx Weight (lbs)

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Motorcycle Engine Displacement (CC)

The PARKWORK Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies the piston bore measured in cubic centimeters for this
motorcycle.
Additional Information: See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: MCYCL_DS

2005-2009

PMCYCL_DS 2010-2012
Attribute Codes
2005-2012
xxxx Actual Displacement (cc)

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Non-CDL License Status

The PARKWORK Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies the status of the driver’s license at the time of the
crash.
Additional Information:
SAS Name: L_STATUS
Attribute Codes
2005-2009
0
Not Licensed
1
Suspended
2
Revoked
3
Expired
4
Cancelled or Denied
6
Valid License
9
Unknown License Status

Non-CDL License Type

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies the type of license held by this driver at the time of the
crash.
Additional Information:
SAS Name: L_TYPE
Attribute Codes
2005-2009
0
Not Licensed
1
Full Driver License
2
Intermediate Driver License
-No Driver Present/Unknown if Driver Present
7
Learner’s Permit
8
Temporary License
9
Unknown License Type
More Information on Driver License Status/Type

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Number of Cylinders

The PARKWORK Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies the number of cylinders for the engine of this vehicle.
Additional Information: See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: PCYLINDER
Attribute Codes
2011-2012
0-18 Number of Cylinders
R
Rotary Engine

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Number of Motorcycle Engine Cycles

The PARKWORK Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies the number of engine cycles for this motorcycle model.
Additional Information: See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: PMCYCL_CY
Attribute Codes
2011-2012
2
Two-stroke engine
4
Four-stroke engine
R
Rotary engine

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Number of Wheels/Drive Wheels

The PARKWORK Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies the number of wheels/driving wheels for this truck
(trucks only, VINTYPE='T'). The length of this data element is two digits; the first position
represents the number of axles on the vehicle times two and the second position represents the
number of drive axles times two.
Additional Information: See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: PWHLDRWHL
Attribute Codes
2011-2012
xx
Number of Wheels (1st digit) followed by the Number of Drive Wheels (2nd digit)

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Original Tire Size

The PARKWORK Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies the manufacturer’s original equipment specified tire
size for the series of this vehicle. The length of this data element is six characters; the first two
positions represent rim size and the remaining four positions represent tire size.
Additional Information: See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: PTIRE_SZE
Attribute Codes
2011-2012
xxxxxx

6-Character Tire Size

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Previous DWI Convictions

The PARKWORK Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element records any previous DWI convictions for this driver that
occurred within three years of the crash date.
Additional Information: See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: PREV_DWI
Attribute Codes
2005-2009
0
None
1-97
Actual Value
99
Unknown

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The PARKWORK Data File

Previous Other Harmful Moving Violation Convictions

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element records any other previous moving violations or convictions for
this driver that occurred within three years of the crash date.
Additional Information: See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: PREV_OTH
Attribute Codes
2005-2009
0
None
1-97
Actual Value
99
Unknown

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Previous Recorded Crashes

The PARKWORK Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element records any previous crashes for this driver that occurred within
three years of the crash date.
Additional Information See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: PREV_ACC
Attribute Codes
2005-2009
0
1-97
98
99

None
Actual Value
Not Reported on Driving Record
Unknown

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The PARKWORK Data File

Previous Recorded Suspensions and Revocations

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element records any previous license suspensions or revocations for this
driver that occurred within three years of the crash date.
Additional Information: See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: PREV_SUS
Attribute Codes
2005-2009
0
None
1-97
Actual Value
99
Unknown

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Previous Speeding Convictions

The PARKWORK Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element records any previous speeding convictions for this driver that
occurred within three years of the crash date.
Additional Information: See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: PREV_SPD
Attribute Codes
2005-2009
0
None
1-97
Actual Value
99
Unknown

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Related Factors- Driver Level

The PARKWORK Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element records factors related to this driver expressed by the
investigating officer.
Additional Information: See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: DR_CF1, DR_CF2, DR_CF3, DR_CF4
Attribute Codes
2005-2009
0
None
PHYSICAL/MENTAL CONDITION
1
Drowsy, Sleepy, Asleep, Fatigued
2
Ill, Passed Out/Blackout
3
Emotional (e.g., Depression, Angry, Disturbed)
4
Reaction to or Failure to Take Drugs/Medication
5
Under the Influence of Alcohol, Drugs, or Medication
6
Inattentive/Careless (Talking, Eating, Car Phones, etc.)
7
Restricted to Wheelchair
8
Road Rage/Aggressive Driving
9
Impaired Due to Previous Injury
11
Other Physical Impairment (Includes Paraplegic)
12
Mother of Dead Fetus/Mother of Infant Born Post Crash
13
Mentally Challenged
15
Seat Back Not in Normal Position, Seat Back Reclined
MISCELLANEOUS FACTORS
16
Police or Law Enforcement Officer
18
Traveling on Prohibited Trafficways
19
Legally Driving on Suspended or Revoked License
20
Leaving Vehicle Unattended with Engine Running; Leaving Vehicle Unattended in
Roadway
21
Overloading or Improper Loading of Vehicle with Passenger or Cargo
22
Towing or Pushing Vehicle Improperly
23
Failing to Dim Lights or to Have Lights on When Required
24
Operating Without Required Equipment
25
Creating Unlawful Noise or Using Equipment Prohibited by Law
26
Following Improperly
27
Improper or Erratic Lane Changing
28
Failure to Keep in Proper Lane
29
Illegal Driving on Road Shoulder, in Ditch, or Sidewalk, or on Median
30
Making Improper Entry to or Exit from Trafficway
31
Starting or Backing Improperly
32
Opening Vehicle Closure into Moving Traffic or Vehicle is in Motion
33
Passing Where Prohibited by Posted Signs, Pavement Markings, Hill or Curve, or
School Bus Displaying Warning Not to Pass

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D24

Related Factors- Driver Level

The PARKWORK Data File

(continued)

Attribute Codes
2005-2009
34
Passing on Wrong Side
35
Passing with Insufficient Distance or Inadequate Visibility or Failing to Yield to
Overtaking Vehicle
36
Operating the Vehicle in an Erratic, Reckless, Careless or Negligent Manner or
Operating at Erratic or Suddenly Changing Speeds
37
High-Speed Chase with Police in Pursuit (See Police Pursuit Note)
-Police Pursuing this Driver or Police Officer in Pursuit
38
Failure to Yield Right of Way
39
Failure to Obey Actual Traffic Signs, Traffic Control Devices or Traffic Officers, Failure
to Observe Safety Zone Traffic Laws
40
Passing Through or Around Barrier
41
Failure to Observe Warnings or Instructions on Vehicle Displaying Them
42
Failure to Signal Intentions
43
Driving too Fast for Conditions (2008 Only)
44
Driving too Fast for Conditions or in Excess of Posted Speed Limit (2005-2007)
44
Driving in Excess of Posted Speed Limit (2008 Only)
45
Driving Less Than Posted Maximum
46
Racing (2005-2008)
47
Making Right Turn from Left-Turn Lane or Making Left Turn from Right-Turn Lane
48
Making Improper Turn
50
Driving Wrong Way on One-Way Trafficway
51
Driving on Wrong Side of Road (Intentionally or Unintentionally)
52
Operator Inexperience
53
Unfamiliar With Roadway
54
Stopping in Roadway (Vehicle Not Abandoned)
55
Underriding a Parked Truck (2005-2008)
56
Improper Tire Pressure (2005 Only)
57
Locked Wheel
58
Over Correcting
59
Getting Off/Out of or On/In to Moving Vehicle
VISION OBSCURED BY
61
Rain, Snow, Fog, Smoke, Sand, Dust (2005-2008)
62
Reflected Glare, Bright Sunlight, Headlights (2005-2008)
63
Curve, Hill, or Other Design Features (Including Traffic Signs, Embankment
2005-2008)

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D24

Related Factors- Driver Level

The PARKWORK Data File

(continued)

Attribute Codes
2005-2009
SPECIAL CIRCUMSTANCES
73
Driver Has Not Complied with Learners Permit or Intermediate Driver License
Restrictions (GDL Restrictions)
74
Driver Has Not Complied With Physical or Other Imposed Restrictions
75
Broken or Improperly Cleaned Windshield (2005-2008)
76
Other Obstruction (2005-2008)
SKIDDING, SWERVING, OR SLIDING DUE TO
77
Severe Crosswind
78
Wind from Passing Truck
79
Slippery or Loose Surface
80
Tire Blow-Out or Flat
81
Debris or Objects in Road
82
Ruts, Holes, Bumps in Road
83
Live Animals in Road
84
Vehicle in Road
85
Phantom Vehicle
86
Pedestrian, Pedalcyclist, or Other Non-Motorist in Road
87
Ice, Water, Snow, Slush, Sand, Dirt, Oil, Wet Leaves on Road
88
Trailer Fishtailing or Swaying
OTHER MISCELLANEOUS FACTORS
89
Carrying Hazardous Cargo Improperly (2005-2009)
-Driver has a Driving Record or Driver’s License from More than One State
90
Hit-and-Run Vehicle Driver
91
Non-Traffic Violation Charged (Manslaughter, Homicide or Other Assault Offense
Committed Without Malice)
92
Other Non-Moving Traffic Violation
POSSIBLE DISTRACTIONS INSIDE VEHICLE
93
Cellular Telephone
94
Cellular Telephone in Use in Vehicle
95
Computer Fax Machines/Printers
96
On-Board Navigation System
97
Two-Way Radio
98
Head-Up Display
99
Unknown

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Rollover

The PARKWORK Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies this vehicle’s involvement in a rollover or overturn
during the crash. Rollover is defined as any vehicle rotation of 90 degrees or more about any
true longitudinal or lateral axis. Rollover can occur at any time during the crash.
Additional Information: See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: ROLLOVER
Attribute Codes
20052008
0
1
-2
---

2009
0
-1
-2
9

No Rollover
First Event
Rollover, Tripped by Object/Vehicle
Subsequent Event
Rollover, Untripped
Rollover, Unknown Type

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Sequence of Events

The PARKWORK Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: The events in sequence related to this motor vehicle, regardless of injury and/or
property damage. Events for the vehicle are recorded in the order in which they occur, timewise, from the PAR narrative and diagram.
Additional Information: See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more
information..
SAS Name: SEQ1, SEQ2, SEQ3, SEQ4, SEQ5, SEQ6
Attribute Codes
2005-2009
1
Rollover/Overturn
2
Fire/Explosion
3
Immersion
4
Gas Inhalation
5
Fell/Jumped from Vehicle
6
Injured in Vehicle
7
Other Non-Collision
8
Pedestrian
9
Pedalcycle
10
Railway Train
11
Animal
12
Motor Vehicle in Transport on Same Roadway
13
Motor Vehicle in Transport on Other Roadway
14
Parked Motor Vehicle
15
Non-Motorist on Personal Conveyance
16
Thrown or Falling Object
17
Boulder
18
Other Object (Not Fixed)
19
Building
20
Impact Attenuator/Crash Cushion
21
Bridge Pier or Abutment
22
Bridge Parapet End
23
Bridge Rail
24
Guardrail Face
25
Concrete Traffic Barrier
26
Other Traffic Barrier
27
Highway/Traffic Sign Post
28
Overhead Sign Support/Sign
29
Luminary/Light Support
30
Utility Pole
31
Other Post, Other Pole, or Other Support
32
Culvert

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Speeding Related

The PARKWORK Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element records whether the driver's speed was related to the crash as
indicated by law enforcement.
Additional Information: See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: SPEEDREL
Attribute Codes
2009
0
1
9

No
Yes
Unknown

More Information on Speeding

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The PARKWORK Data File

Travel Speed (discontinued)
Definition: This data element records the speed the vehicle was traveling prior to the
occurrence of the crash as reported by the investigating officer.
Additional Information: See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: TRAV_SP
Attribute Codes
20052008
0
1-96
97
-98
99

2009
0
1-151
-997
998
999

Stopped Motor Vehicle in Transport
Reported Speed Up to 151 mph
Speed Greater than 96 mph
Speed Greater than 151 mph
Not Reported
Unknown

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Truck Ton Rating

The PARKWORK Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies the payload capacity of this vehicle based on
manufacturer’s specifications. The length of this data element is two characters. A single code
indicates a single capacity rating. Two codes indicate a range of capacity rating. For example, a
Ford F150 pickup truck with a payload capacity from ½ to ¾ tons would have a rating of “BC.”
Additional Information: See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: PTON_RAT
Attribute Codes
2011-2012
A
¼
B
½
C
¾
D
1
E
1½
F
1¾
G
2
H
2½
I
3
J
3½
K
4
L
4½
M
5
N
6
O
7
P
8
Q
9
R
10 and Over

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Truck Shipping Weight

The PARKWORK Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies the shipping weight for the shortest wheel base of this
truck model.
Additional Information: See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: PTRK_WT
Attribute Codes
2011-2012
xxxxx

Actual Shipping Weight (lbs)

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FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Truck Shipping Weight Variance

The PARKWORK Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies the difference (coded in 100 pound increments)
between the shipping weights of the shortest wheel base and the longest wheel base for this
truck model. (e.g., a 200 lb. difference appears as “02”.) Incremental weights for optional
equipment are not included.
Additional Information: See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: PTRKWTVAR
Attribute Codes
2011-2012
xx
Shipping Weight Variance (100 lbs)

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FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Truck VIN Restraint Type

The PARKWORK Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies restraint type information for this truck. This includes
information about vehicle seat belts and air bags.
Additional Information: See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: PVIN_REST
Attribute Codes
2011-2012
A
Active (Manual) belts
B
Driver front air bag/passenger side belt unknown
C
Dual front air bags/belt system unknown
D
Dual front air bag/passenger side passive belts
E
Dual front air bags/active belts
F
Dual front air bags/passive belts
G
Dual air bags front and side/belts unknown
H
Dual air bags front, head and sides/belts unknown
I
Dual air bags front, head and sides/passive belts
J
Dual air bags front and sides/passive belts
K
Dual air bags front and sides/active belts
L
Dual air bags front, head and sides/active belt
M
Driver front air bag/passenger side active belt
N
If unable to determine
P
Passive (Automatic) belts
R
Dual air bags front and side/active belts w/ automatic passenger sensor
S
Dual air bags front, head, and side/active belts w/ automatic passenger sensor
T
Dual air bags front/active belts/rear passenger side air bag
U
Dual front air bags/active belts with passenger side deactivation cutoff switch
V
Dual air bags front, head and side/active belts/rear dual side air bags
W
Dual air bags front, head and side/active belts w/ automatic passenger sensor/ rear
dual side airbags
X
Dual air bags front/side air bag, driver-side only/active belts
Y
Dual front and side air bags with passenger deactivation switch
3
Dual front & head airbags with passenger sensor; active belts
4
Dual front airbags with passenger sensor; active belts
7
Dual front, side & head airbags, Rear head airbags; active belts
9
Unknown

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Truck Weight Rating

The PARKWORK Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies weight ranges for this truck of model year 1966 and
later based on manufacturer specifications.
Additional Information: See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: WGTCD_TR

2005-2009

PWGTCD_TR 2010-2012
Attribute Codes
2005-2012
1
6,000 lbs or Less
2
6,001 - 10,000 lbs
3
10,001 - 14,000 lbs
4
14,001 - 16,000 lbs
5
16,001 - 19,500 lbs
6
19,501 - 26,000 lbs
7
26,001 - 33,000 lbs
8
33,001 and Up
9
Unknown

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FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Vehicle Maneuver

The PARKWORK Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element captures the driver’s action, or intended action, prior to the
commencement of the unstabilized event as indicated on the crash report.
Additional Information: See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: VEH_MAN
Attribute Codes
2005-2009
1
Going Straight
2
Slowing or Stopping in Traffic Lane
3
Starting in Traffic Lane
4
Stopped in Traffic Lane
5
Passing or Overtaking another Vehicle
6
Leaving a Parked Position
7
Parked
8
Entering a Parked Position
9
Maneuvering to Avoid
10
Turning Right: Right Turn on Red Permitted
11
Turning Right: Right Turn on Red Not Permitted
12
Turning Right: Right Turn on Red Not Applicable or Not Known if Permitted
13
Turning Left
14
Making a U-Turn
15
Backing Up (Not Parking)
16
Changing Lanes or Merging
17
Negotiating a Curve
98
Other
99
Unknown

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Vehicle Role

The PARKWORK Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element Indicates the vehicle’s role in single or multi-vehicle crashes.
Additional Information: See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: IMPACTS
Attribute Codes
2005-2009
0
Non-Collision
1
Striking
2
Struck
3
Both
9
Unknown

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VIN Body Type

The PARKWORK Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies the two-character representation of this vehicle’s body
style.
Additional Information: See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: VIN_BT
PVIN_BT

2005-2009
2010-2012

Attribute Codes
20052009
2D
2F
2H
2L
2P
2T
2W
2W
--3D
---4D
4H
4L
4P
4T
4W
4W
5D
8V
AC
AM
AR
AT
BU
-CB
CB
CC
CG
CH
CL

20102012
2D
2F
2H
2L
2P
2T
2W
2W
3B
3C
3D
3P
4B
4C
4D
4H
4L
4P
4T
4W
4W
5D
8V
AC
AM
AR
AT
BU
C4
CB
CB
CC
CG
CH
CL

Passenger Vehicle Sedan 2-Door
Passenger Vehicle Formal Hardtop 2-Door
Passenger Vehicle Hatchback 2-Door
Passenger Vehicle Liftback 3-Door
Passenger Vehicle Pillard Hardtop 2-Door
Passenger Vehicle Hardtop 2-Door
Truck 2-Door Wagon/Sport Utility
Passenger Vehicle Wagon 2-Door
Truck 3-Door Extended Cab/Chassis
Truck 3-Door Extended Cab Pickup
Passenger Vehicle Runabout 3-Door
Passenger Vehicle Coupe 3-Door
Truck 4-Door Extended Cab/Chassis
Truck 4-Door Extended Cab Pickup
Passenger Vehicle Sedan 4-Door
Passenger Vehicle Hatchback 4-Door
Passenger Vehicle Liftback 5-Door
Passenger Vehicle Pillard Hardtop 4-Door
Passenger Vehicle Hardtop 4-Door
Truck 4-Door Wagon/Sport Utility
Passenger Vehicle Wagon 4-Door
Passenger Vehicle Sedan 5-Door
Truck 8-Passenger Sport Van
Truck Auto Carrier
Passenger Vehicle Ambulance
Truck Armored Truck
Motorcycle All-Terrain
Bus
Passenger Vehicle Coupe 4-Door
Truck Chassis and Cab
Passenger Vehicle Cab & Chassis (Luv)
Truck Conventional Cab
Truck Cargo Van
Truck Crew Chassis
Truck Club Chassis

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FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V116

VIN Body Type

The PARKWORK Data File

(continued)

Attribute Codes
20052009
CM
CP
CP
CR
CS
CU
CV
CV
CY
DP
DS
EC
EN
ES
EV
EW
FB
FC
FT
GG
GL
GN
HB
HO
HR
HT
IC
IE
-LB
LG
LL
LM
-MH
MK
MN
MM
MP
MR
MS
MV
--

2010Later
CM
CP
CP
CR
CS
CU
CV
CV
CY
DP
DS
EC
EN
ES
EV
EW
FB
FC
FT
GG
GL
GN
HB
HO
HR
HT
IC
IE
IN
LB
LG
LL
LM
LM
MH
MK
MM
MP
MP
MR
MS
MV
MW

Truck Concrete or Transit Mixer
Truck Crew Pickup
Passenger Vehicle Coupe
Truck Crane
Truck Super Cab/Chassis Pickup
Truck Custom Pickup
Truck Convertible (Jeep Commando, Suzuki Samurai, Dodge Dakota)
Passenger Vehicle Convertible
Truck Cargo Cutaway
Truck Dump
Truck Tractor Truck (Diesel)
Truck Extended Cargo Van
Motorcycle Enduro
Truck Extended Sport Van
Truck Extended Van
Truck Extended Window Van
Truck Flat-bed or Platform
Truck Forward Control
Truck Fire Truck
Truck Garbage or Refuse
Truck Gliders
Truck Grain
Passenger Vehicle Hatchback Number Doors Unknown
Truck Hopper
Passenger Vehicle Hearse
Passenger Vehicle Hardtop Number Doors Unknown
Truck Incomplete Chassis
Truck Incomplete Ext Van
Passenger Vehicle Incomplete Passenger
Passenger Vehicle Liftback
Truck Logger
Truck Suburban & Carry-All
Passenger Vehicle Limousine
Truck Limousine
Truck Motorized Home
Motorcycle Mini-Bike
Motorcycle Mini Moto Cross
Motorcycle Moped
Truck Multipurpose
Motorcycle Mini Road/Trail
Motorcycle Motor Scooter
Truck Maxi-Van
Truck Maxi Wagon

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FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V116

VIN Body Type

The PARKWORK Data File

(continued)

Attribute Codes
20052009
MX
MY
MY
NB
--PC
PD
PK
PK
PM
PN
PS
RC
PN
RD
RD
RS
RT
S1
S2
SB
SC
SD
SN
SP
ST
SV
SV
SW
SW
T
TB
TL
TL
TM
TN
TR
TR
UT
UT
VC
VD

2010Later
MX
MY
MY
NB
P2
P2
PC
PD
PK
PK
PM
PN
PS
RC
PN
RD
RD
RS
RT
S1
S2
SB
SC
SD
SN
SP
ST
SV
SV
SW
SW
T
TB
TL
TL
TM
TN
TR
TR
UT
UT
VC
VD

Motorcycle Moto Cross
Truck Motorized Cutaway
Motorcycle Mini-Cycle
Passenger Vehicle Notchback
Passenger Vehicle 2-Passenger Low Speed
Passenger Vehicle 4-Passenger Low Speed
Truck Club Cab Pickup
Truck Parcel Delivery
Truck Pickup
Passenger Vehicle Pickup, Truck Commonly Registered Passengers
Truck Pickup with Camper Mounted on Bed
Truck Panel
Truck Super Cab Pickup
Motorcycle Racer
Passenger Vehicle Panel, Truck Commonly Registered as Passengers
Truck Roadster (Jeep, Jeep Commando)
Passenger Vehicle Roadster
Motorcycle Road/Street
Motorcycle Road/Trail
Truck One-Seat
Truck Two-Seat
Passenger Vehicle Sport Hatchback
Passenger Vehicle Sport Coupe
Passenger Vehicle Sedan, number doors unknown
Truck Step Van
Truck Sport Pickup
Truck Stake or Rack
Truck Sports Van
Passenger Vehicle Sport Van
Passenger Vehicle Station Wagon
Truck Station Wagon (Jeep Wagoneer, etc.)
Motorcycle Dirt
Truck Tilt Cab
Truck Tilt Tandem
Motorcycle Trail/Dirt
Truck Tandem
Truck Tank
Motorcycle Trails
Truck Tractor (Gasoline)
Passenger Vehicle Utility, truck commonly registered as passenger
Truck Utility (Blazer, Jimmy, Scout, etc.)
Truck Van Camper
Truck Display Van

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FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V116

VIN Body Type

The PARKWORK Data File

(continued)

Attribute Codes
2005- 20102009 Later
VN
VN
VT
VT
VW
VW
WK
WK
WW WW
WW WW
XT
XT
YY
YY
99
99

Truck Van
Truck Vanette (Includes Metro and Handy Van)
Truck Window Van
Truck Tow Truck Wrecker
Truck Wide Wheel Wagon
Passenger Vehicle Wide-Wheel Wagon
Truck Travel-all
Truck Cutaway
Unknown

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FARS Analytical User’s Manual

VIN Length

The PARKWORK Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies the actual length of the VIN for this vehicle.
Additional Information: See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: VIN_LNGT
PVIN_LNGT

2005-2009
2010-2012

Attribute Codes
2005-2012
1-17 Actual Value
99
Unknown VIN Length

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 398

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

VIN Make

The PARKWORK Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies the National Crime Information Center (NCIC) Standard
Make Abbreviation for this vehicle.
Additional Information: See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: PVINMAKE
Attribute Codes
2010-2012
xxxx 4-Character Make Abbreviation

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 399

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

VIN Model

The PARKWORK Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies the VIN model for this vehicle obtained from the VINA
program.
Additional Information: See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: VINA_MOD

2005-2009

PVINA_MOD 2010-2012
Attribute Codes
2005-2012
xxx
3-Character Model (Series) Abbreviation

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 400

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

VIN Model Year

The PARKWORK Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies the model year of this vehicle.
Additional Information: See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: PVINMODYR
Attribute Codes
2010-2012
xx
2-Digit Model Year

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 401

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

VIN Truck Series

The PARKWORK Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies the model (series) of this truck.
Additional Information: See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: SER_TR
PSER_TR

2005-2009
2010-2012

Attribute Codes
2005-2012
xxx
3-Character Model (Series) Abbreviation

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 402

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

VIN Vehicle Type

The PARKWORK Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies the basic vehicle type of his vehicle from the VINA
program.
Additional Information: See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: PVINTYPE
Attribute Codes
2010-2012
P
Passenger Vehicle
T
Truck
M
Motorcycle
U
Unknown

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

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FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Violations Charged

The PARKWORK Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies violations charged to this driver in this crash.
Additional Information: See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: VIOLCHG1, VIOLCHG2, VIOLCHG3
Attribute Codes
2005-2009
0
None
RECKLESS/CARELESS/HIT-AND-RUN OFFENSES
1
Manslaughter or Homicide
2
Willful Reckless Driving; Driving to Endanger; Negligent Driving
3
Unsafe Reckless (Not Willful, Wanton Reckless) Driving
4
Inattentive, Careless, Improper Driving
5
Fleeing or Eluding Police
6
Fail to Obey Police, Fireman, Authorized Person Directing Traffic
7
Hit-and-Run, Fail to Stop After Crash
8
Fail to Give Aid, Information, Wait for Police after Crash
9
Serious Violation Resulting in Death
IMPAIRMENT OFFENSES
11
Driving While Intoxicated (Alcohol or Drugs) or BAC above Limit (Any Detectable BAC
for CDLs)
12
Driving While Impaired; Driving Under Influence of Substance Not Intended to
Intoxicate
13
Driving under Influence of Substance not intended to intoxicate
14
Drinking While Operating
15
Illegal Possession of Alcohol or Drugs
16
Driving With Detectable Alcohol
18
Refusal to Submit to Chemical Test
19
Alcohol, Drug, or Impairment Violations Generally
SPEED-RELATED OFFENSES
21
Racing
22
Speeding (Above the Speed Limit)
23
Speed Greater Than Reasonable and Prudent (Not Necessarily Over the Limit)
24
Exceeding Special Speed Limit (e.g., for Trucks, Buses, Cycles, or on Bridge, in
School Zone, etc.)
25
Energy Speed (Exceeding 55 mph, Non-Pointable)
26
Driving Too Slowly
29
Speed-Related Violations Generally

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Data Element Definitions and Codes • 404

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Violations Charged

The PARKWORK Data File

(continued)

2005-2009
RULES OF THE ROAD – TRAFFIC SIGN & SIGNALS
31
Fail to Stop for Red Signal
32
Fail to Stop for Flashing Red
33
Violation of Turn on Red (Fail to Stop & Yield, Yield to Pedestrians before Turning)
34
Fail to Obey Flashing Signal (Yellow or Red)
35
Fail to Obey Signal Generally
36
Violate RR Grade Crossing Device/Regulations
37
Fail to Obey Stop Sign
38
Fail to Obey Yield Sign
39
Fail to Obey Traffic Control Device Generally
RULES OF THE ROAD – TURNING, YIELDING, SIGNALING
41
Turn in Violation of Traffic Control (Disobey Signs, Turn Arrow Or Pavement Markings;
This Is Not A Right-On-Red Violation)
42
Improper Method & Position of Turn (Too Wide, Wrong Lane)
43
Fail to Signal for Turn or Stop
45
Fail to Yield to Emergency Vehicle
46
Fail to Yield Generally
48
Enter Intersection When Space Insufficient
49
Turn, Yield, Signaling Violations Generally
RULES OF THE ROAD – WRONG SIDE, PASSING & FOLLOWING
51
Driving Wrong Way on One-Way Road
52
Driving on Left, Wrong Side of Road Generally
53
Improper, Unsafe Passing
54
Pass on Right (Drive off Pavement to Pass)
55
Pass Stopped School Bus
56
Fail to Give Way When Overtaken
58
Following Too Closely
59
Wrong Side, Passing, Following Violations Generally
RULES OF THE ROAD – LANE USAGE
61
Unsafe or Prohibited Lane Change
62
Improper Use of Lane (Enter of 3-Lane Road, HOV Designated Lane)
63
Certain Traffic to Use Right Lane (Trucks, Slow Moving, etc.)
66
Motorcycle Lane Violations (More than two per Lane, Riding Between Lanes, etc.)
67
Motorcyclist Attached to another Vehicle
69
Lane Violations Generally
NON-MOVING – LICENSE & REGISTRATION VIOLATIONS
71
Driving While License Withdrawn
72
Other Driver License Violations
73
Commercial Driver Violations
74
Vehicle Registration Violations
75
Fail to Carry Insurance Card
76
Driving Uninsured Vehicle
79
Non-Moving Violations Generally

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 405

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Violations Charged

The PARKWORK Data File

(continued)

2005-2009
EQUIPMENT
81
Lamp Violations
82
Brake Violations
83
Failure to Require Restraint Use (By Self or Passenger)
84
Motorcycle Equipment Violations (Helmet, Special Equipment)
85
Violation of Hazardous Cargo Regulations
86
Size, Weight, Load Violations
89
Equipment Violations Generally
OTHER VIOLATIONS
91
Parking
92
Theft, Unauthorized Use of Motor Vehicle
93
Driving Where Prohibited (Sidewalk, Limited Access, Off Truck Route)
98
Other Moving Violation
99
Unknown Violation

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Wheelbase Long

The PARKWORK Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies the longest wheelbase respectively for the
manufactured model of this vehicle.
Additional Information: See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: WHLBS_LG

2005-2009

PWHLBS_LG 2010-2012
Attribute Codes
2005-2012
0
1-9998
9999

Value Not Available from the VINA Program
Actual Value (in)
Value Not Coded

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Wheelbase Short

The PARKWORK Data File

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element identifies the shortest wheelbase respectively for the
manufactured model of this vehicle.
Additional Information: See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: WHLBS_SH

2005-2009

PWHLBS_SH 2010-2012
Attribute Codes
2005-2012
0
1-9998
9999

Value Not Available from the VINA Program
Actual Value (in)
Value Not Coded

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The PARKWORK Data File

Year of First Crash, Suspension or Conviction

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element records the year of the first crash, suspension, or conviction for
this driver that occurred within three years of the crash date.
Additional Information: See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: FIRST_YR
Attribute Codes
2005-2009
0
No Record
xxxx
Actual Year
9999
Unknown

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The PARKWORK Data File

Year of Last Crash, Suspension or Conviction

(discontinued)

Definition: This data element records the year of the last crash, suspension, or conviction for
this driver that occurred within three years of the crash date.
Additional Information: See this data element in the Vehicle data file section for more
information.
SAS Name: LAST_YR
Attribute Codes
2005-2009
0
No Record
xxxx
Actual Year
9999
Unknown

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The PBTYPE Data File

The PBTYPE Data File
The Pbtype data file includes data on pedestrians, bicyclists, and people on personal
conveyances. It contains the data elements ST_CASE, STATE, VEH_NO, and PER_NO, which
are described in the beginning of the Data Element Definitions and Codes section. The Pbtype
data file also contains the data elements on the following pages.
ST_CASE, VEH_NO and PER_NO are the unique identifiers. ST_CASE should be used to
merge the Pbtype data file with the Accident data file.

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P5/NM5

The PBTYPE Data File

Age

Definition: This data element identifies the person’s age, in years, with respect to the person's
last birthday.
Additional Information:
SAS Name: PBAGE
Attribute Codes
2014-Later
0
Less than One Year
1-120
Age of the Individual in Years
998
Not Reported
999
Unknown

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P6/NM6

The PBTYPE Data File

Sex

Definition: This data element identifies the sex of the person involved in the crash
Additional Information:
SAS Name: PBSEX
Attribute Codes
2014-Later
1
Male
2
Female
8
Not Reported
9
Unknown

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P7/NM7

The PBTYPE Data File

Person Type

Definition: This data element describes the role of this person involved in the crash.
Additional Information:
SAS Name: PBPTYPE
Attribute Codes
2014-Later
5
Pedestrian
6
Bicyclist
7
Other Cyclist
8
Person on Personal Conveyances

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NM9-PB27

The PBTYPE Data File

Marked Crosswalk Present

Definition: This data element indicates if a marked crosswalk was present at the crash site.
Additional Information: This data element is applicable to both pedestrians and bicyclists.
SAS Name: PBCWALK
Attribute Codes
2014-Later
0
None Noted
1
Yes
9
Unknown

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NM9-PB28

The PBTYPE Data File

Sidewalk Present

Definition: This data element indicates if a sidewalk was present at the crash site.
Additional Information: This data element is applicable to both pedestrians and bicyclists.
SAS Name: PBSWALK
Attribute Codes
2014-Later
0
None Noted
1
Yes
9
Unknown

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NM9-PB29

The PBTYPE Data File

School Zone

Definition: This data element indicates if the crash occurred in a school zone.
Additional Information: This data element is applicable to both pedestrians and bicyclists.
SAS Name: PBSZONE
Attribute Codes
2014-Later
0
None Noted
1
Yes
9
Unknown

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NM9-PB30

The PBTYPE Data File

Crash Type – Pedestrian

Definition: This data element summarizes the circumstances of the crash for this pedestrian.
Additional Information: This data element is applicable to pedestrians only.
SAS Name: PEDCTYPE
Attribute Codes
2014-Later
0
Not a Pedestrian
120
Dispute-Related
130
Pedestrian on Vehicle
140
Vehicle-Vehicle/Object
150
Motor Vehicle Loss of Control
160
Pedestrian Loss of Control
190
Other Unusual Circumstances
211
Backing Vehicle – Non-Trafficway – Driveway
212
Backing Vehicle – Driveway Access
213
Backing Vehicle – Trafficway
214
Backing Vehicle – Non-Trafficway – Parking Lot
219
Backing Vehicle – Other/Unknown
220
Driverless Vehicle
230
Disabled Vehicle-Related
240
Emergency Vehicle-Related
250
Play Vehicle-Related
311
Working in Roadway
312
Playing in Roadway
313
Lying in Roadway
320
Entering/Exiting Parked or Stopped Vehicle
330
Mailbox-Related
341
Transit Bus-Related
342
School Bus Stop-Related
360
Ice Cream/Vendor Truck-Related
410
Walking/Running Along Roadway With Traffic – From Behind
420
Walking/Running Along Roadway With Traffic – From Front
430
Walking/Running Along Roadway Against Traffic – From Behind
440
Walking/Running Along Roadway Against Traffic – From Front
459
Walking/Running Along Roadway – Direction/Position Unknown
461
Motorist Entering Driveway
465
Motorist Exiting Driveway
469
Driveway Access – Other/Unknown
510
Waiting to Cross – Vehicle Turning
520
Waiting to Cross – Vehicle Not Turning
590
Waiting to Cross – Vehicle Action Unknown
610
Standing in Roadway
620
Walking in Roadway
680
Not At Intersection – Other/Unknown
690
At Intersection – Other/Unknown

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NM9-PB30

Crash Type – Pedestrian

The PBTYPE Data File

(continued)

Attribute Codes
2014-Later
710
Multiple Threat
730
Trapped
741
Dash
742
Dart-Out
760
Pedestrian Failed to Yield
770
Motorist Failed to Yield
781
Motorist Left Turn – Parallel Paths
782
Motorist Left Turn – Perpendicular Paths
791
Motorist Right Turn – Parallel Paths
792
Motorist Right Turn on Red – Parallel Paths
794
Motorist Right Turn on Red – Perpendicular Paths
795
Motorist Right Turn – Perpendicular Paths
799
Motorist Turn/Merge – Other/Unknown
830
Non-Trafficway – Parking Lot
890
Non-Trafficway – Other/Unknown
900
Other – Unknown Location
910
Crossing an Expressway

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The PBTYPE Data File

NM9-PB30B Crash Type – Bicycle
Definition: This data element summarizes the circumstances of the crash for this bicyclist.
Additional Information: This data element is applicable to bicyclists only.
SAS Name: BIKECTYPE
Attribute Codes
2014-Later
0
Not a Cyclist
111
Motorist Turning Error – Left Turn
112
Motorist Turning Error – Right Turn
113
Motorist Turning Error – Other
114
Bicyclist Turning Error – Left Turn
115
Bicyclist Turning Error – Right Turn
116
Bicyclist Turning Error – Other
121
Bicyclist Lost Control – Mechanical Problems
122
Bicyclist Lost Control – Oversteering, Improper Braking, Speed
123
Bicyclist Lost Control – Alcohol/Drug Impairment
124
Bicyclist Lost Control – Surface Conditions
129
Bicyclist Lost Control – Other/Unknown
131
Motorist Lost Control – Mechanical Problems
132
Motorist Lost Control – Oversteering, Improper Braking, Speed
133
Motorist Lost Control – Alcohol/Drug Impairment
134
Motorist Lost Control – Surface Conditions
139
Motorist Lost Control – Other/Unknown
141
Motorist Drive-Out – Sign-Controlled Intersection
142
Bicyclist Ride-Out – Sign-Controlled Intersection
143
Motorist Drive-Through – Sign-Controlled Intersection
144
Bicyclist Ride-Through – Sign-Controlled Intersection
147
Multiple Threat – Sign-Controlled Intersection
148
Sign-Controlled Intersection – Other/Unknown
151
Motorist Drive-Out – Right Turn on Red
152
Motorist Drive-Out – Signalized Intersection
153
Bicyclist – Ride-Out – Signalized Intersection
154
Motorist Drive-Through – Signalized Intersection
155
Bicyclist Ride-Through – Signalized Intersection
156
Bicyclist Failed to Clear – Trapped
157
Bicyclist Failed to Clear – Multiple Threat
158
Signalized Intersection – Other/Unknown
159
Bicyclist Failed to Clear – Unknown
160
Crossing Paths – Uncontrolled Intersection
180
Crossing Paths – Intersection – Other/Unknown
211
Motorist Left Turn – Same Direction
212
Motorist Left Turn – Opposite Direction
213
Motorist Right Turn – Same Direction
214
Motorist Right Turn – Opposite Direction
215
Motorist Drive-In/Out – Parking

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NM9-PB30B Crash Type – Bicycle

The PBTYPE Data File

(continued)

Attribute Codes
2014-Later
216
Bus/Delivery Vehicle Pullover
217
Motorist Right Turn on Red – Same Direction
218
Motorist Right Turn on Red – Opposite Direction
219
Motorist Turn/Merge – Other/Unknown
221
Bicyclist Left Turn – Same Direction
222
Bicyclist Left Turn – Opposite Direction
223
Bicyclist Right Turn – Same Direction
224
Bicyclist Right Turn – Opposite Direction
225
Bicyclist Ride-out – Parallel Path
231
Motorist Overtaking – Undetected Bicyclist
232
Motorist Overtaking – Misjudged Space
235
Motorist Overtaking – Bicyclist Swerved
239
Motorist Overtaking – Other/Unknown
241
Bicyclist Overtaking – Passing on Right
242
Bicyclist Overtaking – Passing on Left
243
Bicyclist Overtaking – Parked Vehicle
244
Bicyclist Overtaking – Extended Door
249
Bicyclist Overtaking – Other/Unknown
250
Wrong-Way/Wrong-Side – Bicyclist
255
Wrong-Way/Wrong-Side – Motorist
259
Wrong-Way/Wrong-Side – Unknown
280
Parallel Paths – Other/Unknown
311
Bicyclist Ride-Out – Residential Driveway
312
Bicyclist Ride-Out – Commercial Driveway
313
Bicyclist Ride-Out – Driveway, Unknown Type
318
Bicyclist Ride-Out – Other Midblock
319
Bicyclist Ride-Out – Unknown
321
Motorist Drive-Out – Residential Driveway
322
Motorist Drive-Out – Commercial Driveway
323
Motorist Drive-Out – Driveway, Unknown Type
328
Motorist Drive-Out – Other Midblock
329
Motorist Drive-Out – Midblock – Unknown
357
Multiple Threat – Midblock
380
Crossing Paths – Midblock – Other/Unknown
610
Backing Vehicle
700
Play Vehicle-Related
800
Unusual Circumstances
910
Non-Trafficway
970
Unknown Approach Paths
980
Unknown Location

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NM9-PB31

The PBTYPE Data File

Crash Location – Pedestrian

Definition: This data element identifies where the pedestrian crash occurred with respect to an
intersection.
Additional Information: This data element is applicable to pedestrians only.
SAS Name: PEDLOC
Attribute Codes
2014-Later
1
At Intersection
2
Intersection-Related
3
Not At Intersection
4
Non-Trafficway Location
7
Not a Pedestrian
9
Unknown/Insufficient Information

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The PBTYPE Data File

NM9-PB31B Crash Location – Bicycle
Definition: This data element identifies where the bicyclist crash occurred with respect to an
intersection.
Additional Information: This data element is applicable to bicyclists only.
SAS Name: BIKELOC
Attribute Codes
2014-Later
1
At Intersection
2
Intersection-Related
3
Not At Intersection
4
Non-Trafficway Location
7
Not a Cyclist
9
Unknown/Insufficient Information

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NM9-PB32

The PBTYPE Data File

Pedestrian Position

Definition: This data element identifies the position/location of the pedestrian with respect to
the trafficway when contacted.
Additional Information: This data element is applicable to pedestrians only.
SAS Name: PEDPOS
Attribute Codes
2014-Later
1
Intersection Area
2
Crosswalk Area
3
Travel Lane
4
Paved Shoulder/Bicycle Lane/Parking Lane
5
Sidewalk/Shared-Use Path/Driveway Access
6
Unpaved Right-of-Way
7
Non-Trafficway – Driveway
8
Non-Trafficway – Parking Lot/Other
9
Other/Unknown
77
Not a Pedestrian

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The PBTYPE Data File

NM9-PB32B Bicyclist Position
Definition: This data element identifies the position/location of the bicyclist with respect to the
trafficway when contacted.
Additional Information: This data element is applicable to bicyclists only.
SAS Name: BIKEPOS
Attribute Codes
2014-Later
1
Travel Lane
2
Bicycle Lane/Paved Shoulder/Parking Lane
3
Sidewalk/Crosswalk/Driveway Access
4
Shared-Use Path
5
Non-Trafficway – Driveway
6
Non-Trafficway – Parking Lot/Other
7
Not a Cyclist
8
Other
9
Unknown

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NM9-PB33

The PBTYPE Data File

Pedestrian Initial Direction of Travel

Definition: This data element identifies the initial direction of travel of the pedestrian prior to
being contacted in the crash.
Additional Information: This data element is applicable to pedestrians only.
SAS Name: PEDDIR
Attribute Codes
2014-Later
1
Northbound
2
Eastbound
3
Southbound
4
Westbound
7
Not a Pedestrian
8
Not Applicable
9
Unknown Initial Direction of Travel

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The PBTYPE Data File

NM9-PB33B Bicyclist Initial Direction of Travel
Definition: This data element identifies the initial travel direction of the bicyclist with respect to
the flow of traffic prior to being contacted in the crash.
Additional Information: This data element is applicable to bicyclists only.
SAS Name: BIKEDIR
Attribute Codes
2014-Later
1
With Traffic
2
Facing Traffic
3
Not Applicable
7
Not a Cyclist
9
Unknown

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NM9-PB34

The PBTYPE Data File

Motorist Initial Direction of Travel

Definition: This data element identifies the initial direction of travel of the motorist prior to being
involved in a pedestrian crash.
Additional Information: This data element is applicable to pedestrians only.
SAS Name: MOTDIR
Attribute Codes
2014-Later
1
Northbound
2
Eastbound
3
Southbound
4
Westbound
7
Not a Pedestrian
8
Not Applicable
9
Unknown Initial Direction of Travel

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NM9-PB35

The PBTYPE Data File

Motorist Maneuver

Definition: This data element identifies if the motorist was engaged in a turning maneuver at
an intersection prior to being involved in a pedestrian crash. The data element indicates the
maneuver being made by the motorist at the time of a pedestrian collision.
Additional Information: This data element is applicable to pedestrians only.
SAS Name: MOTMAN
Attribute Codes
2014-Later
1
Left Turn
2
Right Turn
3
Straight Through
7
Not a Pedestrian
8
Not Applicable
9
Unknown Motorist Maneuver

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NM9-PB36

The PBTYPE Data File

Intersection Leg

Definition: The data element identifies the leg of the intersection where the pedestrian crash
occurred.
Additional Information: This data element is applicable to pedestrians only.
SAS Name: PEDLEG
Attribute Codes
20142015
1
2
7
8
9
--

2016Later
1
2
7
8
-9

Nearside
Farside
Not a Pedestrian
Not Applicable
Unknown
Unknown/None of the Above

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NM9-PB37

The PBTYPE Data File

Pedestrian Scenario

Definition: This data element identifies the location and travel directions of the motorist and
pedestrian for those crashes that occur at intersections. This data element summarizes the
movements of the pedestrian and motorist in an intersection area.
Additional Information: This data element is applicable to pedestrians only.
SAS Name: PEDSNR
Attribute Codes
2014-Later
MOTORIST TRAVELING STRAIGHT THROUGH – CRASH OCCURRED ON NEAR
(APPROACH) SIDE OF INTERSECTION
1a
Pedestrian Within Crosswalk Area, Traveled From Motorist’s Left.
1b
Pedestrian Within Crosswalk Area, Traveled From Motorist’s Right.
1c
Pedestrian Within Crosswalk Area, Approach Direction Unknown.
2a
Pedestrian Outside Crosswalk Area, Traveled From Motorist’s Left.
2b
Pedestrian Outside Crosswalk Area, Traveled From Motorist’s Right.
2c
Pedestrian Outside Crosswalk Area, Approach Direction Unknown.
MOTORIST TRAVELING STRAIGHT THROUGH – CRASH OCCURRED ON FAR SIDE OF
INTERSECTION
3a
Pedestrian Within Crosswalk Area, Traveled From Motorist’s Left.
3b
Pedestrian Within Crosswalk Area, Traveled From Motorist’s Right.
3c
Pedestrian Within Crosswalk Area, Approach Direction Unknown.
4a
Pedestrian Outside Crosswalk Area, Traveled From Motorist’s Left.
4b
Pedestrian Outside Crosswalk Area, Traveled From Motorist’s Right.
4c
Pedestrian Outside Crosswalk Area, Approach Direction Unknown.
MOTORIST TURNING RIGHT – CRASH OCCURRED ON NEAR (APPROACH) SIDE OF
INTERSECTION
5a
Pedestrian Within Crosswalk Area, Traveled From Motorist’s Left.
5b
Pedestrian Within Crosswalk Area, Traveled From Motorist’s Right.
5c
Pedestrian Within Crosswalk Area, Approach Direction Unknown.
6a
Pedestrian Outside Crosswalk Area, Traveled From Motorist’s Left.
6b
Pedestrian Outside Crosswalk Area, Traveled From Motorist’s Right.
6c
Pedestrian Outside Crosswalk Area, Approach Direction Unknown.
MOTORIST TURNING RIGHT – CRASH OCCURRED ON FAR SIDE OF INTERSECTION
7a
Pedestrian Within Crosswalk Area, Approach Direction Same as Motorist’s.
7b
Pedestrian Within Crosswalk Area, Approach Direction Opposite Motorist’s.
7c
Pedestrian Within Crosswalk Area, Approach Direction Unknown.
8a
Pedestrian Outside Crosswalk Area, Approach Direction Same as Motorist’s.
8b
Pedestrian Outside Crosswalk Area, Approach Direction Opposite Motorist’s.
8c
Pedestrian Outside Crosswalk Area, Approach Direction Unknown.

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NM9-PB37

Pedestrian Scenario

The PBTYPE Data File

(continued)

Attribute Codes
2014-Later
MOTORIST TURNING LEFT – CRASH OCCURRED ON NEAR (APPROACH) SIDE OF
INTERSECTION
9a
Pedestrian Within Crosswalk Area, Traveled From Motorist’s Left.
9b
Pedestrian Within Crosswalk Area, Traveled From Motorist’s Right.
9c
Pedestrian Within Crosswalk Area, Approach Direction Unknown.
10a
Pedestrian Outside Crosswalk Area, Traveled From Motorist’s Left.
10b
Pedestrian Outside Crosswalk Area, Traveled From Motorist’s Right.
10c
Pedestrian Outside Crosswalk Area, Approach Direction Unknown.
MOTORIST TURNING LEFT – CRASH OCCURRED ON FAR SIDE OF INTERSECTION
11a
Pedestrian Within Crosswalk Area, Approach Direction Same as Motorist’s.
11b
Pedestrian Within Crosswalk Area, Approach Direction Opposite Motorist’s.
11c
Pedestrian Within Crosswalk Area, Approach Direction Unknown.
12a
Pedestrian Outside Crosswalk Area, Approach Direction Same as Motorist’s.
12b
Pedestrian Outside Crosswalk Area, Approach Direction Opposite Motorist’s.
12c
Pedestrian Outside Crosswalk Area, Approach Direction Unknown.
7
Not a Pedestrian
8
Not Applicable

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NM9-PB38

The PBTYPE Data File

Crash Group – Pedestrian

Definition: This data element provides general groupings of the more specific individual
Pedestrian Crash Types.
Additional Information: This data element is applicable to pedestrians only.
SAS Name: PEDCGP
Attribute Codes
2014-Later
0
Not a Pedestrian
100
Unusual Circumstances
200
Backing Vehicle
310
Working or Playing in Roadway
340
Bus-Related
350
Unique Midblock
400
Walking/Running Along Roadway
460
Driveway Access/ Driveway Access Related
500
Waiting to Cross
600
Pedestrian in Roadway – Circumstances Unknown
720
Multiple Threat/Trapped
740
Dash/Dart-Out
750
Crossing Roadway – Vehicle Not Turning
790
Crossing Roadway – Vehicle Turning
800
Non-Trafficway
910
Crossing Expressway
990
Other/Unknown – Insufficient Details

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The PBTYPE Data File

NM9-PB38B Crash Group – Bicycle
Definition: This data element provides general groupings of the more specific individual
Bicyclist Crash Types.
Additional Information: This data element is applicable to bicyclists only.
SAS Name: BIKECGP
Attribute Codes
2014-Later
0
Not a Cyclist
110
Loss of Control/Turning Error
140
Motorist Failed to Yield – Sign-Controlled Intersection
145
Bicyclist Failed to Yield – Sign-Controlled Intersection
150
Motorist Failed to Yield – Signalized Intersection
158
Bicyclist Failed to Yield – Signalized Intersection
190
Crossing Paths – Other Circumstances
210
Motorist Left Turn/Merge
215
Motorist Right Turn/Merge
219
Parking/Bus-Related
220
Bicyclist Left Turn/Merge
225
Bicyclist Right Turn/Merge
230
Motorist Overtaking Bicyclist
240
Bicyclist Overtaking Motorist
258
Wrong-Way/Wrong-Side
290
Parallel Paths – Other Circumstances
310
Bicyclist Failed to Yield – Midblock
320
Motorist Failed to Yield – Midblock
600
Backing Vehicle
850
Other/Unusual Circumstances
910
Non-Trafficway
990
Other/Unknown – Insufficient Details

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The CEVENT Data File

The CEVENT Data File
The Cevent data file includes harmful and non-harmful events in the crash. It contains the data
elements ST_CASE, STATE, and EVENTNUM, which are described in the beginning of the
Data Element Definitions and Codes section. The Cevent data file also contains the data
elements on the following pages.
ST_CASE and EVENTNUM are the unique identifiers for each record. ST_CASE should be
used to merge the Cevent data file with the Accident data file.

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C18A

The CEVENT Data File

Vehicle Number (This Vehicle)

Definition: This data element identifies the “Vehicle Number” (VEH_NO) of this in-transport
motor vehicle described in this event.
Additional Information: This is the vehicle described in “Sequence of Events” for this event.
Prior to 2015, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element Number was C17.
SAS Name:

VNUMBER1

Attribute Codes
2010-Later
1-999
Vehicle Number

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C18B

The CEVENT Data File

Area of Impact (This Vehicle)

Definition: This data element identifies the impact point, if any, on this in-transport motor
vehicle that produced property damage or personal injury in this event.
Additional Information: This is the impact area of the vehicle recorded in “Vehicle Number
(This Vehicle)” and described in “Sequence of Events.”
Prior to 2015, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element Number was C17.
SAS Name:

AOI1

Attribute Codes
20102011
0
1-12
13
14
18
---55
61
62
-63
-81
82
-83
-98
99

2012
0
1-12
13
14
-18
--55
61
-62
-63
81
-82
-83
98
99

2013Later
0
1-12
13
14
--18
19
55
61
-62
-63
81
-82
-83
98
99

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Non-Collision
Clock Points
Top
Undercarriage
Set-In-Motion (Not a Clock Point)
Set-In-Motion (Not a Clock Value)
Cargo/Vehicle Parts Set-In-Motion
Other Objects Set-In-Motion
Non-Harmful Event
Left
Left-Front Half
Left-Front Side
Left-Back Half
Left-Back Side
Right
Right-Front Half
Right-Front Side
Right-Back Half
Right-Back Side
Not Reported
Unknown

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 437

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V32

The CEVENT Data File

Sequence of Events

Definition: This data element describes this event. A motor vehicle traffic crash is a series of
events resulting from an unstabilized situation. This series of harmful and non-harmful events is
recorded in chronological order based on the PAR narrative and diagram.
Additional Information: From 2004 to 2009, Sequence of Events was collected at the vehicle
level and up to six events (SEQ1-SEQ6) were stored in the Vehicle data file. Prior to 2016, this
data element’s Locator Code or Data Element Number was V31.
“First Harmful Event,” “Most Harmful Event,” and the “Sequence of Events” data elements have
the same harmful event attributes. The harmful event attributes were modified to be consistent.
“Sequence of Events” also has non-harmful event attributes.
SAS Name: SOE
Attribute Codes
20102011
1
2
3
-4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
23
24
25
26
30
31
-32
33
34
35

2012
1
2
-3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
23
24
25
26
30
31
-32
33
34
35

2013
1
2
-3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
23
24
25
26
30
31
-32
33
34
35

20142015
1
2
-3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
23
24
25
26
30
31
-32
33
34
35

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

2016Later
1
2
-3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
23
24
25
26
30
-31
32
33
34
35

Rollover/Overturn
Fire/Explosion
Immersion
Immersion or Partial Immersion
Gas Inhalation
Fell/Jumped from Vehicle
Injured in Vehicle (Non-Collision)
Other Non-Collision
Pedestrian
Pedalcyclist
Railway Vehicle
Live Animal
Motor Vehicle in Transport
Parked Motor Vehicle
Non-Motorist on Personal Conveyance
Thrown or Falling Object
Boulder
Other Object (Not Fixed)
Building
Impact Attenuator/Crash Cushion
Bridge Pier or Support
Bridge Rail (Includes Parapet)
Guardrail Face
Concrete Traffic Barrier
Other Traffic Barrier
Utility Pole/Light Support
Other Post, Other Pole, or Other Support
Culvert
Curb
Ditch
Embankment

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 438

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V32

Sequence of Events

The CEVENT Data File

(continued)

Attribute Codes
20102011
38
39
40
41
42
43
44

2012
38
39
40
41
42
43
44

2013
38
39
40
41
42
43
44

20142015
38
39
40
41
42
43
44

2016Later
38
39
40
41
42
43
44

45
46
48
49
50
51
52
53
54

45
46
48
49
50
51
52
53
54

45
46
48
49
50
51
52
53
54

45
46
48
49
50
51
52
53
54

45
46
48
49
50
51
52
53
54

55
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
-72

55
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72

55
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72

55
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72

55
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72

---

---

73
--

73
--

-73

--98
99

---99

---99

-79
-99

74
79
-99

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Fence
Wall
Fire Hydrant
Shrubbery
Tree (Standing Only)
Other Fixed Object
Pavement Surface Irregularity (Ruts, Potholes,
Grates, etc.)
Working Motor Vehicle
Traffic Signal Support
Snow Bank
Ridden Animal or Animal-Drawn Conveyance
Bridge Overhead Structure
Jackknife (Harmful to This Vehicle)
Guardrail End
Mail Box
Motor Vehicle In-Transport Strikes or is Struck by
Cargo, Persons or Objects Set-in-Motion from/by
Another Motor Vehicle In-Transport
Motor Vehicle in Motion Outside the Trafficway
Cable Barrier
Ground
Traffic Sign Support
Cargo/Equipment Loss or Shift (Non-Harmful)
Equipment Failure (Blown Tire, Brake Failure, etc.)
Separation of Units
Ran Off Road – Right
Ran Off Road – Left
Cross Median
Downhill Runaway
Vehicle Went Airborne
Cross Centerline
Re-Entering Highway
Jackknife (Non-Harmful)
End Departure
Cargo/Equipment Loss or Shift (Harmful To This
Vehicle)
Object Fell From Motor Vehicle In-Transport
Object That Had Fallen From Motor Vehicle InTransport
Road Vehicle on Rails
Ran Off Roadway – Direction Unknown
Not Reported (2010 Only)
Unknown

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 439

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

C18C

The CEVENT Data File

Vehicle Number (Other Vehicle)

Definition: This data element identifies the “Vehicle Number” (VEH_NO) of the other motor
vehicle, if any, in this event.
Additional Information: This is the vehicle contacted by the motor vehicle in-transport
recorded in “Vehicle Number (This Vehicle).” Another vehicle must have been involved in this
event for this data element to be a valid vehicle number (i.e., “Sequence of Events” for this
event must be 12, 14, 45, 54, or 55).
Prior to 2015, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element Number was C17.
SAS Name:

VNUMBER2

Attribute Codes
2010-Later
1-999
Vehicle Number
5555
Non-Harmful Event
9999
Not a Motor Vehicle

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 440

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

C18D

The CEVENT Data File

Area of Impact (Other Vehicle)

Definition: This data element identifies the impact point on the other motor vehicle, if any, in
this event.
Additional Information: This is the impact area of the vehicle recorded in “Vehicle Number
(Other Vehicle).” Another vehicle must have been involved in this event for this data element to
be a valid impact location (i.e., “Sequence of Events” for this event must be 12, 14, 45, 54, or 55).
Prior to 2015, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element Number was C17.
SAS Name:

AOI2

Attribute Codes
2010
0
1-12
13
14
18
---55
61
62
-63
--81
82
-83
-98
99

2011
0
1-12
13
14
18
---55
61
62
-63
-77
81
82
-83
-98
99

2012
0
1-12
13
14
-18
--55
61
-62
-63
77
81
-82
-83
98
99

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

2013Later
0
1-12
13
14
--18
19
55
61
-62
-63
77
81
-82
-83
98
99

Non-Collision
Clock Points
Top
Undercarriage
Set-In-Motion (Not a Clock Point)
Set-In-Motion (Not a Clock Value)
Cargo/Vehicle Parts Set-In-Motion
Other Objects Set-In-Motion
Non-Harmful Event
Left
Left-Front Half
Left-Front Side
Left-Back Half
Left-Back Side
Not a Motor Vehicle
Right
Right-Front Half
Right-Front Side
Right-Back Half
Right-Back Side
Not Reported
Unknown

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 441

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

The VEVENT Data File

The VEVENT Data File
The Vevent data file includes harmful and non-harmful events for each in-transport motor
vehicle. It contains the data elements ST_CASE, STATE, VEH_NO, EVENTNUM, and
VEVENTNUM, which are described in the beginning of the Data Element Definitions and Codes
section. The Vevent data file also contains the data elements on the following pages.
ST_CASE, VEH_NO, and VEVENTNUM are the unique identifiers for each record. ST_CASE
and VEH_NO should be used to merge the Vevent data file with the Vehicle data file.

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 442

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

C18A

The VEVENT Data File

Vehicle Number (This Vehicle)

Definition: This data element identifies the “Vehicle Number” (VEH_NO) of this in-transport
motor vehicle described in this event.
Additional Information: This is the vehicle described in “Sequence of Events” for this event.
If Vehicle #1 (V1) impacts Vehicle #2 (V2), then we have at least 2 Vevent records.
Example:
VEH_NO
1
2

EVENTNUM
1
1

VNUMBER1
1
1

SOE
12
12

VNUMBER2
2
2

The explanation of these 2 records is as follows:
V1 was involved in event 1 where V1 impacts V2
V2 was involved in event 1 where V1 impacts V2
Prior to 2015, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element Number was C17.
SAS Name:

VNUMBER1

Attribute Codes
2010-Later
1-999
Vehicle Number

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 443

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

C18B

The VEVENT Data File

Area of Impact (This Vehicle)

Definition: This data element identifies the impact point, if any, on this in-transport motor
vehicle that produced property damage or personal injury in this event.
Additional Information: This is the impact area of the vehicle recorded in “Vehicle Number
(This Vehicle)” and described in “Sequence of Events.”
Prior to 2015, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element Number was C17.
SAS Name:

AOI1

Attribute Codes
20102011
0
1-12
13
14
18
---55
61
62
-63
-81
82
-83
-98
99

2012
0
1-12
13
14
-18
--55
61
-62
-63
81
-82
-83
98
99

2013Later
0
1-12
13
14
--18
19
55
61
-62
-63
81
-82
-83
98
99

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Non-Collision
Clock Points
Top
Undercarriage
Set-In-Motion (Not a Clock Point)
Set-In-Motion (Not a Clock Value)
Cargo/Vehicle Parts Set-In-Motion
Other Objects Set-In-Motion
Non-Harmful Event
Left
Left-Front Half
Left-Front Side
Left-Back Half
Left-Back Side
Right
Right-Front Half
Right-Front Side
Right-Back Half
Right-Back Side
Not Reported
Unknown

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 444

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V32

The VEVENT Data File

Sequence of Events

Definition: This data element describes this event. A motor vehicle traffic crash is a series of
events resulting from an unstabilized situation. This series of harmful and non-harmful events is
recorded in chronological order based on the PAR narrative and diagram.
Additional Information: From 2004 to 2009, Sequence of Events was collected at the vehicle
level and up to six events (SEQ1-SEQ6) were stored in the Vehicle data file. Prior to 2016, this
data element’s Locator Code or Data Element Number was V31.
“First Harmful Event,” “Most Harmful Event,” and the “Sequence of Events” data elements have
the same harmful event attributes. The harmful event attributes were modified to be consistent.
“Sequence of Events” also has non-harmful event attributes.
SAS Name: SOE
Attribute Codes
20102011
1
2
3
-4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
23
24
25
26
30
31
-32
33
34
35

2012
1
2
-3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
23
24
25
26
30
31
-32
33
34
35

2013
1
2
-3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
23
24
25
26
30
31
-32
33
34
35

20142015
1
2
-3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
23
24
25
26
30
31
-32
33
34
35

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

2016Later
1
2
-3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
23
24
25
26
30
-31
32
33
34
35

Rollover/Overturn
Fire/Explosion
Immersion
Immersion or Partial Immersion
Gas Inhalation
Fell/Jumped from Vehicle
Injured in Vehicle (Non-Collision)
Other Non-Collision
Pedestrian
Pedalcyclist
Railway Vehicle
Live Animal
Motor Vehicle in Transport
Parked Motor Vehicle
Non-Motorist on Personal Conveyance
Thrown or Falling Object
Boulder
Other Object (Not Fixed)
Building
Impact Attenuator/Crash Cushion
Bridge Pier or Support
Bridge Rail (Includes Parapet)
Guardrail Face
Concrete Traffic Barrier
Other Traffic Barrier
Utility Pole/Light Support
Other Post, Other Pole, or Other Support
Culvert
Curb
Ditch
Embankment

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 445

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V32

Sequence of Events

The VEVENT Data File

(continued)

Attribute Codes
20102011
38
39
40
41
42
43
44

2012
38
39
40
41
42
43
44

2013
38
39
40
41
42
43
44

20142015
38
39
40
41
42
43
44

2016Later
38
39
40
41
42
43
44

45
46
48
49
50
51
52
53
54

45
46
48
49
50
51
52
53
54

45
46
48
49
50
51
52
53
54

45
46
48
49
50
51
52
53
54

45
46
48
49
50
51
52
53
54

55
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
-72

55
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72

55
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72

55
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72

55
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72

---

---

73
--

73
--

-73

--98
99

---99

---99

-79
-99

74
79
-99

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Fence
Wall
Fire Hydrant
Shrubbery
Tree (Standing Only)
Other Fixed Object
Pavement Surface Irregularity (Ruts, Potholes,
Grates, etc.)
Working Motor Vehicle
Traffic Signal Support
Snow Bank
Ridden Animal or Animal-Drawn Conveyance
Bridge Overhead Structure
Jackknife (Harmful to This Vehicle)
Guardrail End
Mail Box
Motor Vehicle In-Transport Strikes or is Struck by
Cargo, Persons or Objects Set-in-Motion from/by
Another Motor Vehicle In-Transport
Motor Vehicle in Motion Outside the Trafficway
Cable Barrier
Ground
Traffic Sign Support
Cargo/Equipment Loss or Shift (Non-Harmful)
Equipment Failure (Blown Tire, Brake Failure, etc.)
Separation of Units
Ran Off Road – Right
Ran Off Road – Left
Cross Median
Downhill Runaway
Vehicle Went Airborne
Cross Centerline
Re-Entering Highway
Jackknife (Non-Harmful)
End Departure
Cargo/Equipment Loss or Shift (Harmful To This
Vehicle)
Object Fell From Motor Vehicle In-Transport
Object That Had Fallen From Motor Vehicle InTransport
Road Vehicle on Rails
Ran Off Roadway – Direction Unknown
Not Reported (2010 Only)
Unknown

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 446

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

C18C

The VEVENT Data File

Vehicle Number (Other Vehicle)

Definition: This data element identifies the “Vehicle Number” (VEH_NO) of the other motor
vehicle, if any, in this event.
Additional Information: This is the vehicle contacted by the motor vehicle in-transport
recorded in “Vehicle Number (This Vehicle).” Another vehicle must have been involved in this
event for this data element to be a valid vehicle number (i.e., “Sequence of Events” for this
event must be 12, 14, 45, 54, or 55).
Prior to 2015, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element Number was C17.
SAS Name:

VNUMBER2

Attribute Codes
2010-Later
1-999
Vehicle Number
5555
Non-Harmful Event
9999
Not a Motor Vehicle

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 447

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

C18C

The VEVENT Data File

Area of Impact (Other Vehicle)

Definition: This data element identifies the impact point on the other motor vehicle, if any, in
this event.
Additional Information: This is the impact area of the vehicle recorded in “Vehicle Number
(Other Vehicle).” Another vehicle must have been involved in this event for this data element to
be a valid impact location (i.e., “Sequence of Events” for this event must be 12, 14, 45, 54, or 55).
Prior to 2015, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element Number was C17.
SAS Name:

AOI2

Attribute Codes
2010
0
1-12
13
14
18
---55
61
62
-63
--81
82
-83
-98
99

2011
0
1-12
13
14
18
---55
61
62
-63
-77
81
82
-83
-98
99

2012
0
1-12
13
14
-18
--55
61
-62
-63
77
81
-82
-83
98
99

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

2013Later
0
1-12
13
14
--18
19
55
61
-62
-63
77
81
-82
-83
98
99

Non-Collision
Clock Points
Top
Undercarriage
Set-In-Motion (Not a Clock Point)
Set-In-Motion (Not a Clock Value)
Cargo/Vehicle Parts Set-In-Motion
Other Objects Set-In-Motion
Non-Harmful Event
Left
Left-Front Half
Left-Front Side
Left-Back Half
Left-Back Side
Not a Motor Vehicle
Right
Right-Front Half
Right-Front Side
Right-Back Half
Right-Back Side
Not Reported
Unknown

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 448

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

The VSOE Data File

The VSOE Data File
The Vsoe data file includes harmful and non-harmful events for each in-transport motor vehicle.
It contains the data elements ST_CASE, STATE, VEVENTNUM, and VEH_NO, which are
described in the beginning of the Data Element Definitions and Codes section. The Vsoe data
file also contains the data elements on the following pages.
ST_CASE, VEH_NO, and VEVENTNUM are the unique identifiers for each record. ST_CASE
and VEH_NO should be used to merge the Vsoe data file with the Vehicle data file.

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 449

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

C18A

The VSOE Data File

Area of Impact Associated with the Event

Definition: This data element identifies the impact point, if any, on this in-transport motor
vehicle that produced property damage or personal injury in this event.
Additional Information: This is the impact area of the vehicle recorded in “Vehicle Number
(This Vehicle)” and described in “Sequence of Events.”
Prior to 2015, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element Number was C17.
SAS Name:

AOI

Attribute Codes
20102011
0
1-12
13
14
18
---55
61
62
-63
-81
82
-83
-98
99

2012
0
1-12
13
14
-18
--55
61
-62
-63
81
-82
-83
98
99

2013Later
0
1-12
13
14
--18
19
55
61
-62
-63
81
-82
-83
98
99

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Non-Collision
Clock Points
Top
Undercarriage
Set-In-Motion (Not a Clock Point)
Set-In-Motion (Not a Clock Value)
Cargo/Vehicle Parts Set-In-Motion
Other Objects Set-In-Motion
Non-Harmful Event
Left
Left-Front Half
Left-Front Side
Left-Back Half
Left-Back Side
Right
Right-Front Half
Right-Front Side
Right-Back Half
Right-Back Side
Not Reported
Unknown

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 450

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V32

The VSOE Data File

Sequence of Events

Definition: This data element describes this event. A motor vehicle traffic crash is a series of
events resulting from an unstabilized situation. This series of harmful and non-harmful events is
recorded in chronological order based on the PAR narrative and diagram.
Additional Information: From 2004 to 2009, Sequence of Events was collected at the vehicle
level and up to six events (SEQ1-SEQ6) were stored in the Vehicle data file. Prior to 2016, this
data element’s Locator Code or Data Element Number was V31.
“First Harmful Event,” “Most Harmful Event,” and the “Sequence of Events” data elements have
the same harmful event attributes. The harmful event attributes were modified to be consistent.
“Sequence of Events” also has non-harmful event attributes.
SAS Name: SOE
Attribute Codes
20102011
1
2
3
-4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
23
24
25
26
30
31
-32
33
34
35

2012
1
2
-3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
23
24
25
26
30
31
-32
33
34
35

2013
1
2
-3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
23
24
25
26
30
31
-32
33
34
35

20142015
1
2
-3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
23
24
25
26
30
31
-32
33
34
35

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

2016Later
1
2
-3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
23
24
25
26
30
-31
32
33
34
35

Rollover/Overturn
Fire/Explosion
Immersion
Immersion or Partial Immersion
Gas Inhalation
Fell/Jumped from Vehicle
Injured in Vehicle (Non-Collision)
Other Non-Collision
Pedestrian
Pedalcyclist
Railway Vehicle
Live Animal
Motor Vehicle in Transport
Parked Motor Vehicle
Non-Motorist on Personal Conveyance
Thrown or Falling Object
Boulder
Other Object (Not Fixed)
Building
Impact Attenuator/Crash Cushion
Bridge Pier or Support
Bridge Rail (Includes Parapet)
Guardrail Face
Concrete Traffic Barrier
Other Traffic Barrier
Utility Pole/Light Support
Other Post, Other Pole, or Other Support
Culvert
Curb
Ditch
Embankment

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 451

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

V32

Sequence of Events

The VSOE Data File

(continued)

Attribute Codes
20102011
38
39
40
41
42
43
44

2012
38
39
40
41
42
43
44

2013
38
39
40
41
42
43
44

20142015
38
39
40
41
42
43
44

2016Later
38
39
40
41
42
43
44

45
46
48
49
50
51
52
53
54

45
46
48
49
50
51
52
53
54

45
46
48
49
50
51
52
53
54

45
46
48
49
50
51
52
53
54

45
46
48
49
50
51
52
53
54

55
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
-72

55
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72

55
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72

55
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72

55
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72

---

---

73
--

73
--

-73

--98
99

---99

---99

-79
-99

74
79
-99

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Fence
Wall
Fire Hydrant
Shrubbery
Tree (Standing Only)
Other Fixed Object
Pavement Surface Irregularity (Ruts, Potholes,
Grates, etc.)
Working Motor Vehicle
Traffic Signal Support
Snow Bank
Ridden Animal or Animal-Drawn Conveyance
Bridge Overhead Structure
Jackknife (Harmful to This Vehicle)
Guardrail End
Mail Box
Motor Vehicle In-Transport Strikes or is Struck by
Cargo, Persons or Objects Set-in-Motion from/by
Another Motor Vehicle In-Transport
Motor Vehicle in Motion Outside the Trafficway
Cable Barrier
Ground
Traffic Sign Support
Cargo/Equipment Loss or Shift (Non-Harmful)
Equipment Failure (Blown Tire, Brake Failure, etc.)
Separation of Units
Ran Off Road – Right
Ran Off Road – Left
Cross Median
Downhill Runaway
Vehicle Went Airborne
Cross Centerline
Re-Entering Highway
Jackknife (Non-Harmful)
End Departure
Cargo/Equipment Loss or Shift (Harmful To This
Vehicle)
Object Fell From Motor Vehicle In-Transport
Object That Had Fallen From Motor Vehicle InTransport
Road Vehicle on Rails
Ran Off Roadway – Direction Unknown
Not Reported (2010 Only)
Unknown

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 452

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

The DAMAGE Data File

The DAMAGE Data File
The Damage data file identifies each area of damage (as a separate record). It contains the
data elements ST_CASE, STATE, and VEH_NO, which are described in the beginning of the
Data Element Definitions and Codes section. The Damage data file also contains the data
elements on the following pages.
ST_CASE and VEH_NO are the unique identifiers for each record. ST_CASE and VEH_NO
should be used to merge the Damage data file with vehicles from the Vehicle data file.

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V29B

The DAMAGE Data File

Damaged Areas

Definition: This data element identifies all the areas on this vehicle that were damaged in the
crash as reflected in the case materials.
Additional Information: Prior to 2016, this data element’s Locator Code or Data Element
Number was V28B.
SAS Name: MDAREAS
Attribute Codes
2012-Later
1-12
Clock points
13
Top
14
Undercarriage
15
No Damage
99
Unknown
More Information on Impact/Damaged Areas

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The DISTRACT Data File

The DISTRACT Data File
The Distract data file identifies each driver distraction (as a separate record). It contains the
data elements ST_CASE, STATE, and VEH_NO, which are described in the beginning of the
Data Element Definitions and Codes section. The data file also contains MDRDSTRD which is
described below.
ST_CASE, VEH_NO, and MDRDSTRD are the unique identifiers for each record. ST_CASE
and VEH_NO should be used to merge the Distract data file with drivers from the Vehicle data
file.

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PC16

The DISTRACT Data File

Driver Distracted By

Definition: This data element identifies the attribute(s) which best describe this driver’s
attention to driving prior to the driver’s realization of an impending critical event or just prior to
impact if realization of an impending critical event does not occur.
Additional Information: Distraction from the primary task of driving occurs when drivers divert
their attention from the driving task to some other activity. Also, driving while daydreaming or
lost in thought is identified as distracted driving by NHTSA. Physical conditions/impairments
(fatigue, alcohol, medical condition, etc.) or psychological states (anger, emotional, depressed,
etc.) are not identified as distractions by NHTSA.
Although the attribute 1 (Looked But Did Not See) is included in this element, this attribute is not
considered a distraction and therefore should not be included in any distraction analysis.
SAS Name: MDRDSTRD
Attribute Codes
20102011
0
1
3
4
5
6
7
9
10
12
13
14
15
16
---92
--96
97
-98
99

2012Later
0
1
3
4
5
6
7
9
10
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
-92
93
96
-97
98
99

Not Distracted
Looked But Did Not See
By Other Occupant(s)
By a Moving Object in Vehicle
While Talking or Listening to Cellular Phone
While Manipulating Cellular Phone
While Adjusting Audio or Climate Controls
While Using Other Component/Controls Integral to Vehicle
While Using or Reaching For Device/Object Brought Into Vehicle
Distracted by Outside Person, Object or Event
Eating or Drinking
Smoking Related
Other Cellular Phone Related
No Driver Present/Unknown if Driver Present
Distraction/Inattention
Distraction/Careless
Careless/Inattentive
Distraction/Inattention, Details Unknown
Distraction (Distracted), Details Unknown
Inattention (Inattentive), Details Unknown
Not Reported
Inattentive or Lost in Thought
Lost In Thought/Day Dreaming
Other Distraction
Unknown if Distracted

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FARS Analytical User’s Manual

The DRIMPAIR Data File

The DRIMPAIR Data File
The Drimpair data file identifies each driver impairment (as a separate record). It contains the
data elements ST_CASE, STATE, and VEH_NO, which are described in the beginning of the
Data Element Definitions and Codes section. The data file also contains DRIMPAIR which is
described below.
ST_CASE, VEH_NO, and DRIMPAIR are the unique identifiers for each record. ST_CASE and
VEH_NO should be used to merge the Drimpair data file with drivers from the Vehicle data file.

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D23

The DRIMPAIR Data File

Condition (Impairment) at Time of Crash- Driver

Definition: This data element identifies physical impairments to this driver that may have
contributed to the crash as identified by law enforcement.
Additional Information: This data element attempts to identify physical impairments to this
driver which may have contributed to the cause of the crash. These impairments can appear
anywhere in the case materials--in the narrative section, in the violations section, in a column
entitled “Contributing Factors” or “Driver Action,” etc.
Some information that had been collected under “Related Factors- Driver Level” is now captured
under this new data element.
SAS Name: DRIMPAIR
Attribute Codes
2010
0
1
2
3
-4
5
6
7
8
9
10
-96
98
99

20112013
0
1
2
3
-4
5
6
7
8
9
10
95
96
98
99

2014Later
0
1
2
-3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
95
96
98
99

None/Apparently Normal
Ill, Blackout
Asleep or Fatigued
Walking with a Cane or Crutches
Walking with a Cane or Crutches, etc.
Paraplegic or Restricted to Wheelchair
Impaired Due to Previous Injury
Deaf
Blind
Emotional (Depressed, Angry, Disturbed, etc.)
Under the Influence of Alcohol, Drugs or Medication
Physical Impairment – No Details
No Driver Present/Unknown if Driver Present
Other Physical Impairment
Not Reported
Unknown if Impaired

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FARS Analytical User’s Manual

The FACTOR Data File

The FACTOR Data File
The Factor data file identifies each vehicle factor (as a separate record). It contains the data
elements ST_CASE, STATE, and VEH_NO, which are described in the beginning of the Data
Element Definitions and Codes section. The data file also contains MFACTOR which is
described below.
ST_CASE, VEH_NO, and MFACTOR are the unique identifiers for each record. ST_CASE and
VEH_NO should be used to merge the Factor data file with the Vehicle data file.

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PC4

The FACTOR Data File

Contributing Circumstances, Motor Vehicle

Definition: This data element describes this vehicle’s possible pre-existing defects or
maintenance conditions that may have contributed to the crash.
Additional Information: Most of these data elements can be found in Related Factor- Vehicle
Level (SAS names VEH_CF1 and VEH_CF2 in the Vehicle data file in 2009 and prior, and
VEH_SC1-VEH_SC2 in 2010).
SAS Name:

MFACTOR

Attribute Codes
2010-Later
0
None
1
Tires
2
Brake System
3
Steering
4
Suspension
5
Power Train
6
Exhaust System
7
Head Lights
8
Signal Lights
9
Other Lights
10
Wipers
11
Wheels
12
Mirrors
13
Windows/Windshield
14
Body, Doors
15
Truck Coupling / Trailer Hitch / Safety Chains
16
Safety Systems
17
Vehicle Contributing Factors – No Details
97
Other
98
Not Reported
99
Unknown

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Data Element Definitions and Codes • 460

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

The MANEUVER Data File

The MANEUVER Data File
The Maneuver data file identifies each avoidance attempt (as a separate record). It contains the
data elements ST_CASE, STATE, and VEH_NO, which are described in the beginning of the
Data Element Definitions and Codes section. The data file also contains MDRMANAV which is
described below.
ST_CASE, VEH_NO, and MDRMANAV are the unique identifiers for each record. ST_CASE
and VEH_NO should be used to merge the Maneuver data file with the Vehicle data file.

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Data Element Definitions and Codes • 461

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

PC15

The MANEUVER Data File

Driver Maneuvered to Avoid

Definition: This data element identifies the thing(s) this driver attempted to avoid while the
vehicle was on the road portion of the trafficway, just prior to the first harmful event for this
vehicle.
Additional Information:
SAS Name: MDRMANAV
Attribute Codes
2010-Later
0
Driver Did Not Maneuver To Avoid
1
Object
2
Poor Road Conditions (Puddle, Ice, Pothole, etc.)
3
Live Animal
4
Motor Vehicle
5
Pedestrian, Pedalcyclist or Other Non-Motorist
92
Phantom/Non-Contact Motor Vehicle
95
No Driver Present/Unknown if Driver Present
98
Not Reported
99
Unknown

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FARS Analytical User’s Manual

The VIOLATN Data File

The VIOLATN Data File
The Violatn data file identifies each violation (as a separate record). It contains the data
elements ST_CASE, STATE, and VEH_NO, which are described in the beginning of the Data
Element Definitions and Codes section. The data file also contains MVIOLATN which is
described below.
ST_CASE, VEH_NO, and MVIOLATN are the unique identifiers for each record. ST_CASE and
VEH_NO should be used to merge the Violatn data file with the Vehicle data file.

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D21

The VIOLATN Data File

Violations Charged

Definition: This data element identifies all violations charged to this driver.
Additional Information: Prior to 2010, this data element was in the Vehicle data file. In 2010,
this data element changed to identify all violations charged in the crash and was therefore
moved here to its own data file.
SAS Name: MVIOLATN
Attribute Codes
2010-Later
0 None
RECKLESS/CARELESS/HIT-AND-RUN OFFENSES
1
Manslaughter or Homicide
2
Willful Reckless Driving; Driving to Endanger; Negligent Driving
3
Unsafe Reckless (Not Willful, Wanton Reckless) Driving
4
Inattentive, Careless, Improper Driving
5
Fleeing or Eluding Police
6
Fail to Obey Police, Fireman, Authorized Person Directing Traffic
7
Hit-and-Run, Fail to Stop After Crash
8
Fail to Give Aid, Information, Wait for Police after Crash
9
Serious Violation Resulting in Death
10
Use of Telecommunications Device (Since 2015)
IMPAIRMENT OFFENSES
11
Driving While Intoxicated (Alcohol or Drugs) or BAC above Limit (Any Detectable BAC
for CDLs)
12
Driving While Impaired
13
Driving under Influence of Substance not intended to intoxicate
14
Drinking While Operating
15
Illegal Possession of Alcohol or Drugs
16
Driving With Detectable Alcohol
18
Refusal to Submit to Chemical Test
19
Alcohol, Drug, or Impairment Violations Generally
SPEED-RELATED OFFENSES
21
Racing
22
Speeding (Above the Speed Limit)
23
Speed Greater Than Reasonable and Prudent (Not Necessarily Over the Limit)
24
Exceeding Special Speed Limit (e.g., for Trucks, Buses, Cycles, or on Bridge, in
School Zone, etc.)
25
Energy Speed (Exceeding 55 mph, Non-Pointable)
26
Driving Too Slowly
29
Speed-Related Violations Generally
RULES OF THE ROAD – TRAFFIC SIGN & SIGNALS
31
Fail to Stop for Red Signal
32
Fail to Stop for Flashing Red
33
Violation of Turn on Red (Fail to Stop & Yield, Yield to Pedestrians before Turning)

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D21

Violations Charged

The VIOLATN Data File

(continued)

2010-Later
34
Fail to Obey Flashing Signal (Yellow or Red)
35
Fail to Obey Signal Generally
36
Violate RR Grade Crossing Device/Regulations
37
Fail to Obey Stop Sign
38
Fail to Obey Yield Sign
39
Fail to Obey Traffic Control Device Generally
RULES OF THE ROAD – TURNING, YIELDING, SIGNALING
41
Turn in Violation of Traffic Control (Disobey Signs, Turn Arrow or Pavement Markings;
this is not a Right-on-Red violation)
42
Improper Method & Position of Turn (Too Wide, Wrong Lane)
43
Fail to Signal for Turn or Stop
45
Fail to Yield to Emergency Vehicle
46
Fail to Yield Generally
48
Enter Intersection When Space Insufficient
49
Turn, Yield, Signaling Violations Generally
RULES OF THE ROAD – WRONG SIDE, PASSING & FOLLOWING
51
Driving Wrong Way on One-Way Road
52
Driving on Left, Wrong Side of Road Generally
53
Improper, Unsafe Passing
54
Pass on Right (Drive off Pavement to Pass)
55
Pass Stopped School Bus
56
Fail to Give Way When Overtaken
58
Following Too Closely
59
Wrong Side, Passing, Following Violations Generally
RULES OF THE ROAD – LANE USAGE
61
Unsafe or Prohibited Lane Change
62
Improper Use of Lane (Enter of 3-Lane Road, HOV Designated Lane)
63
Certain Traffic to Use Right Lane (Trucks, Slow Moving, etc.)
66
Motorcycle Lane Violations (More than two per Lane, Riding Between Lanes, etc.)
67
Motorcyclist Attached to another Vehicle
69
Lane Violations Generally
NON-MOVING – LICENSE & REGISTRATION VIOLATIONS
71
Driving While License Withdrawn (Including Violation of Provisions of Work Permit)
(2010-2013)
71
Driving While License Withdrawn (Since 2014)
72
Other Driver License Violations
73
Commercial Driver Violations
74
Vehicle Registration Violations
75
Fail to Carry Insurance Card
76
Driving Uninsured Vehicle
79
Non-Moving Violations Generally

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D21

Violations Charged

The VIOLATN Data File

(continued)

2010-Later
EQUIPMENT
81
Lamp Violations
82
Brake Violations
83
Failure to Require Restraint Use (By Self or Passenger)
84
Motorcycle Equipment Violations (Helmet, Special Equipment)
85
Violation of Hazardous Cargo Regulations
86
Size, Weight, Load Violations
89
Equipment Violations Generally
LICENSE, REGISTRATION & OTHER VIOLATIONS
91
Parking
92
Theft, Unauthorized Use of Motor Vehicle
93
Driving Where Prohibited (Sidewalk, Limited Access, Off Truck Route)
95
No Driver Present/Unknown if Driver Present
97
Not Reported
98
Other Moving Violation
99
Unknown Violation(s)

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The VISION Data File

The VISION Data File
The Vision data file identifies each visual obstruction (as a separate record). It contains the
data elements ST_CASE, STATE, and VEH_NO, which are described in the beginning of the
Data Element Definitions and Codes section. The data file also contains MVISOBSC which is
described below.
ST_CASE, VEH_NO, and MVISOBSC are the unique identifiers for each record. ST_CASE
and VEH_NO should be used to merge the Vision data file with the Vehicle data file.

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PC14

The VISION Data File

Driver’s Vision Obscured by

Definition: This data element records impediments to this driver’s visual field that were noted
in the case materials.
Additional Information: Most of these data elements can be found in “Related Factor – Driver
Level” from 1982 to 2008. This data element was added to the Vehicle data file in 2009. In
2010, the data element was changed to identify all that apply in the crash and was therefore
moved here to its own data file.
SAS Name: MVISOBSC
Attribute Codes
2010-Later
0
No Obstruction Noted
1
Rain, Snow, Fog, Smoke, Sand, Dust
2
Reflected Glare, Bright Sunlight, Headlights
3
Curve, Hill, or Other Roadway Design Features
4
Building, Billboard, or Other Structure
5
Trees, Crops, Vegetation
6
In-Transport Motor Vehicle (Including Load)
7
Not-in-Transport Motor Vehicle (Parked, Working)
8
Splash or Spray of Passing Vehicle
9
Inadequate Defrost or Defog System
10
Inadequate Vehicle Lighting System
11
Obstructing Interior to the Vehicle
12
External Mirrors
13
Broken or Improperly Cleaned Windshield
14
Obstructing Angles on Vehicle
95
No Driver Present/Unknown if Driver Present
97
Vision Obscured – No Details
98
Other Visual Obstruction
99
Unknown

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The NMCRASH Data File

The NMCRASH Data File
The Nmcrash data file identifies each non-motorist action or circumstance that may have
contributed to the crash (as a separate record). It contains the data elements ST_CASE,
STATE, VEH_NO, and PER_NO, which are described in the beginning of the Data Element
Definitions and Codes section. The data file also contains MTM_CRSH which is described
below.
ST_CASE, PER_NO, and MTM_CRSH are the unique identifiers for each record. ST_CASE,
VEH_NO, and PER_NO should be used to merge the Nmcrash data file with non-motorists from
the Person data file.

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The NMCRASH Data File

NM12 Non-Motorist Contributing Circumstances
Definition: This data element describes the action(s) and/or circumstances of this non-motorist
that law enforcement indicated may have contributed to the crash.
Additional Information: Some information that had been collected under Person Level
Related Factors are now captured under this new data element. Please note the "non-motorist"
may include people in not-in-transport motor vehicles, however this data element is only
collected for people who are not occupants of motor vehicles. Prior to 2014 this data element
was called “Non-Motorist Action/Circumstances at Time of Crash”.
SAS Name: MTM_CRSH
Attribute Codes
20102013
0
-1
-2
3
4
5
-6
7
8
9
10
--12
13
14
15
16
17
18

2014Later
-0
-1
2
3
4
-5
6
7
8
9
-10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
--

-19
20

18
19
20

21
98
99

21
-99

No Improper Action
None Noted
Dart/Dash
Dart-Out
Failure to Yield Right-Of-Way
Failure to Obey Traffic Signs, Signals or Officer
In Roadway Improperly (Standing, Lying, Working, Playing)
Entering/Exiting Vehicle
Entering/Exiting Parked or Stopped Vehicle
Inattentive (Talking, Eating, etc.)
Improper Turn/Merge
Improper Passing
Wrong-Way Riding or Walking
Driving on Wrong Side of Road
Riding on Wrong Side of Road
Dash
Improper Crossing of Roadway or Intersection (Jaywalking)
Failing to Have Lights on When Required
Operating Without Required Equipment
Improper or Erratic Lane Changing
Failure to Keep in Proper Lane or Running Off Road
Making Improper Entry to or Exit from Trafficway
Operating the Vehicle in Other Erratic, Reckless, Careless or Negligent
Manner
Operating in Other Erratic, Reckless, Careless or Negligent Manner
Not Visible (Dark Clothing, No Lighting, etc.)
Passing with Insufficient Distance or Inadequate Visibility or Failing to Yield to
Overtaking Vehicle
Other
Not Reported
Unknown

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FARS Analytical User’s Manual

The NMIMPAIR Data File

The NMIMPAIR Data File
The Nmimpair data file identifies each non-motorist impairment (as a separate record). It
contains the data elements ST_CASE, STATE, VEH_NO, and PER_NO, which are described in
the beginning of the Data Element Definitions and Codes section. The data file also contains
NMIMPAIR which is described below.
ST_CASE, PER_NO, and NMIMPAIR are the unique identifiers for each record. ST_CASE,
VEH_NO, and PER_NO should be used to merge the Nmimpair data file with non-motorists
from the Person data file.

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NM14

The NMIMPAIR Data File

Condition (Impairment) at Time of Crash- Non-Motorist

Definition: This data element identifies physical impairments to this non-motorist that may
have contributed to the crash as identified by law enforcement.
Additional Information: This data element attempts to identify physical impairments to this
non-motorist which may have contributed to the cause of the crash. These impairments can
appear anywhere in the case materials--in the narrative section, in the violations section, in a
column entitled “Contributing Factors” or “Driver Action,” etc.
Some information that had been collected under “Related Factors- Person Level” is now
captured under this new data element.
SAS Name: NMIMPAIR
Attribute Codes
20102013
0
1
2
-3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
96
98
99

2014Later
0
1
2
3
-4
5
6
7
8
9
10
96
98
99

None/Apparently Normal
Ill, Blackout
Asleep or Fatigued
Walking with a Cane or Crutches
Walking with a Cane or Crutches, etc.
Paraplegic or Restricted to Wheelchair
Impaired Due to Previous Injury
Deaf
Blind
Emotional (Depressed, Angry, Disturbed, etc.)
Under the Influence of Alcohol, Drugs or Medication
Physical Impairment – No Details
Other Physical Impairment
Not Reported
Unknown if Impaired

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FARS Analytical User’s Manual

The NMPRIOR Data File

The NMPRIOR Data File
The Nmprior data file identifies each non-motorist action at the time of their involvement in the
crash (as a separate record). It contains the data elements ST_CASE, STATE, VEH_NO, and
PER_NO, which are described in the beginning of the Data Element Definitions and Codes
section. The data file also contains MPR_ACT which is described below.
ST_CASE, PER_NO, and MPR_ACT are the unique identifiers for each record. ST_CASE,
VEH_NO, and PER_NO should be used to merge the Nmprior data file with non-motorists from
the Person data file.

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FARS Analytical User’s Manual

The NMPRIOR Data File

NM11 Non-Motorist Action/Circumstances
Definition: This data element describes the action(s) of the non-motorist immediately prior to
their involvement in the crash.
Additional Information: Some information that had been collected under Person Level
Related Factors are now captured under this new data element. Please note the "non-motorist"
may include people in not-in-transport motor vehicles, however this data element is only
collected for people who are not occupants of motor vehicles. Prior to 2014 this data element
was called “Non-Motorist Action/Circumstances Prior to Crash”.
SAS Name: MPR_ACT
Attribute Codes
20102013
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
-12
14
15
16
98
99

2014Later
1
2
3
4
5
6
-8
9
10
-11
12
14
-16
98
99

Going to or from School (K-12)
Waiting to Cross Roadway
Crossing Roadway
Jogging/Running
Movement Along Roadway with Traffic (In or Adjacent to Travel Lane)
Movement Along Roadway Against Traffic (In or Adjacent to Travel Lane)
Movement on Sidewalk
In Roadway-Other (Working, Playing, etc.)
Adjacent to Roadway (e.g., Shoulder, Median)
Working in Trafficway (Incident Response)
Entering/Exiting a Vehicle
Entering/Exiting a Parked or Stopped Vehicle
Disabled Vehicle Related (Working on, Pushing, Leaving/Approaching)
Other
None
Movement Along Roadway – Direction Unknown (Since 2012)
Not Reported
Unknown

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The SAFETYEQ Data File

The SAFETYEQ Data File
The Safetyeq data file identifies each item of safety equipment (as a separate record). It
contains the data elements ST_CASE, STATE, VEH_NO, and PER_NO, which are described in
the beginning of the Data Element Definitions and Codes section. The data file also contains
MSAFEQMT which is described below.
ST_CASE, PER_NO, and MSAFEQMT are the unique identifiers for each record. ST_CASE,
VEH_NO, and PER_NO should be used to merge the Safetyeq data file with non-motorists from
the Person data file.

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Data Element Definitions and Codes • 475

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

The SAFETYEQ Data File

NM13 Non-Motorist Safety Equipment Use
Definition: This data element indicates the safety equipment that was used by this nonmotorist involved in the crash.
Additional Information: There can be one or more safety equipment responses for each nonmotorist.
SAS Name: MSAFEQMT
Attribute Codes
20102014
1
2
3
-4
5
7
8
9

2015Later
1
2
-3
4
5
7
8
9

None Used
Helmet
Reflective Equipment/Clothing (Jacket, Backpack, etc.)
Reflective Clothing (Jacket, Backpack, etc.)
Protective Pads (Elbows, Knees, Shins, etc.)
Lighting
Other Safety Equipment
Not Reported
Unknown if Used

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Data Element Definitions and Codes • 476

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes

The VINDECODE Data File
The Vindecode data file provides vehicle specification data for all vehicle types, mainly
passenger vehicles, trucks and motorcycles. It contains the data elements ST_CASE, STATE,
and VEH_NO, which are described in the beginning of the Data Element Definitions and Codes
section. ST_CASE and VEH_NO are the unique identifiers for each record. ST_CASE and
VEH_NO should be used to merge the Vindecode data file with the Vehicle or Parkwork data
file.
The Vindecode data file contains 81 data elements derived from the VIN using the RL Polk VIN
verification and decoding program, VINtelligence. Descriptions of the data elements and their
contents can be found in the Polk VINtelligence Deluxe Package and Field Descriptions
documentation in Appendix F: Changes to the FARS VIN Decoded Data Elements.

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Data Element Definitions and Codes • 477

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendices

Appendices
Appendix A: PC23 Crash Type Diagram
Appendix B: Rules for Derived Data Elements
Appendix C: Auxiliary Data Files
Appendix D: Additional Data Element Information
Appendix E: Changes in FARS Data Elements by SAS Data File and Year
Appendix F: Summary of 2010 and 2011 FARS Changes
Appendix G: Changes to the FARS VIN Decoded Data Elements
Appendix H: Pedestrian and Bicyclist Data: Availability of 2014 and 2015 Data

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Appendices • 478

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix A:
PC23 Crash Type Diagram

Appendix A:
PC23 Crash Type Diagram

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendices • 479

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix B:
Rules for Derived Data Elements

Appendix B:
Rules for Derived Data Elements
Several derived data elements are included in the data files. A derived data element is any
element that is not coded (i.e., data directly entered into the system) but translated from existing
data. Derived data elements include:
•
•
•
•

translations from coded data elements (e.g., “Number of Drinking Drivers”)
records counted from vehicle and person levels as crash level counters (e.g., “Number
of Parked/Working Vehicles”),
data extracted across several records (e.g., “First Harmful Event”), and
element combinations (e.g., “Motor Carrier Issuing Authority and ID Number”).

The derived data elements are provided to facilitate analyses and as a common platform for
presenting findings. These elements and the translations used to derive them are described in
this Appendix.

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendices • 480

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix B:
Rules for Derived Data Elements
Crash Level Counts

Number of Motor Vehicles in Transport (MVIT)
Accident. VE_FORMS
(also provided as Vehicle.VE_FORMS, Parkwork.PVE_FORMS, Person.VE_FORMS)
Logic of Derivation
All Vehicle records linked to the crash are used. This data element is derived as the count of all
vehicles in the crash where “Unit Type” = 1. It is the number of records in the Vehicle data file.
______________________________________________________

Number of Parked/Working Vehicles
Accident. PVH_INVL
Logic of Derivation
All Vehicle records linked to the crash are used. This data element is derived as the count of all
vehicles in the crash where “Unit Type” is in (2, 3 or 4). It is the number of records in the
Parkwork data file.
______________________________________________________

Number of Persons in Motor Vehicles in Transport (MVIT)
Accident. PERMVIT
Logic of Derivation
All Person records linked to the crash are used. This data element is derived as the count of all
persons in the crash where “Person Type” is in (1, 2 or 9).
______________________________________________________

Number of Persons Not in Motor Vehicles in Transport (MVIT)
Accident. PERNOTMVIT
Logic of Derivation
All Person records linked to the crash are used. This data element is derived as the count of all
persons in the crash where “Person Type” is in (3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10 or 19).

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendices • 481

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix B:
Rules for Derived Data Elements

Crash and Vehicle Level Derived Data Elements

Fatalities
Accident.FATALS
Logic of Derivation
All Person records linked to the crash are used. This data element records the number of fatally
injured persons in the crash and is derived by counting all persons with “Injury Severity” of 4 in
the crash.
______________________________________________________

Fatalities in Vehicle
Vehicle.DEATHS
Logic of Derivation
All Person records linked to the vehicle are used. This data element records the number of
fatally injured persons in the vehicle and is derived by counting all persons with “Injury Severity”
of 4 in the vehicle.

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Appendices • 482

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix B:
Rules for Derived Data Elements

Number of Drinking Drivers
Accident.DRUNK_DR
1975-1988,
2008-2015

Attribute Labels
No Drinking Drivers Involved in the Crash

0

Number of Drinking Drivers Involved in the Crash

x

Logic of Derivation
1975-1998 and 2008-2014: All Person records linked to the crash are used. The data element is
derived as the sum of drivers in a crash that have (1) police-reported alcohol involvement, or (2)
a positive alcohol test result. That is, it is the sum of records where “Person Type” equals 1
(Driver of a Motor Vehicle In Transport), and “Police Reported Alcohol Involvement” equals 1
(Yes, Alcohol Involved) or “Alcohol Test Result” greater than 0 and less than 95.
Logic of Derivation
2015: All Person records linked to the crash are used. The data element is derived as the sum
of drivers in a crash that have (1) police-reported alcohol involvement, or (2) a positive alcohol
test result. That is, it is the sum of records where “Person Type” equals 1 (Driver of a Motor
Vehicle In Transport), and “Police Reported Alcohol Involvement” equals 1 (Yes, Alcohol
Involved) or “Alcohol Test Result” greater than 0 and less than 941.
The DRUNK_DR element is unreliable for 1977, 1981, and 1999-2007, as it was incorrectly
derived for those years.
______________________________________________________
Driver Drinking
Vehicle.DR_DRINK
19751981

1982Later

No Drinking

0

0

Drinking

1

1

Unknown

9

--

Attribute Labels

Logic of Derivation
All Person records linked to the vehicle are used. Driver Drinking is derived as drivers that have
(1) police-reported alcohol involvement, or (2) a positive alcohol test result. That is, if it is a
vehicle where “Person Type” equals 1 (Driver of a Motor Vehicle In Transport), and “Police
Reported Alcohol Involvement” equals 1 (Yes, Alcohol Involved) or “Alcohol Test Result” is
greater than 0 and less than 95 (prior to 2015) / 995 (2015 and later), then 1 (Drinking),
otherwise 0 (No Drinking).

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Appendices • 483

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix B:
Rules for Derived Data Elements

Atmospheric Conditions
Accident.WEATHER

Attribute Labels
No Additional Atmospheric Conditions

1988-2009

2010-2012

2013-Later

1

0

0

1

1

Clear
Cloudy

10

10

Rain

2

2

2

Sleet, Hail (Freezing Rain or Drizzle)

3

3

Sleet or Hail

3

Freezing Rain or Drizzle

12

Snow

4

4

4

Blowing Snow

5

11

11

Rain and Fog

6

Sleet and Fog

7

Fog, Smog, Smoke

5

5

Severe Crosswinds

6

6

Blowing Sand, Soil, Dirt

7

7

8

8

98

98

99

99

Other

8

Not Reported
Unknown

9

Logic of Derivation
This data element is derived from the coded data elements, Accident.WEATHER1 and
Accident.WEATHER2. To derive WEATHER from these two data elements, the priority ranking
of each attribute is as follows:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•

Snow
Blowing Snow
Sleet or Hail
Freezing Rain or Drizzle
Rain
Fog, Smog, Smoke
Severe Crosswinds
Blowing Sand, Soil, Dirt
Other
Cloudy

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

•
•
•
•

Clear
Not Reported
Unknown
No Additional Atmospheric
Conditions

Appendices • 484

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix B:
Rules for Derived Data Elements

First Harmful Event
Accident.HARM_EV
(also provided as Vehicle.HARM_EV, Parkwork.PHARM_EV, Person.HARM_EV)
Logic of Derivation
Since 2010, this data element is derived from the set of all crash events. Each event in a crash
is recorded in chronological order. The data element that records the event is “Sequence of
Events” and includes both harmful and non-harmful events. First Harmful Event, therefore, is the
first “Sequence of Events” value that is not between codes 60 and 71 (non-harmful events).
______________________________________________________

Initial Contact Point
Vehicle. IMPACT1, Parkwork.PIMPACT1
(also provided as Person.IMPACT1)
Logic of Derivation
Since 2010, this data element is derived from the set of all crash events for a vehicle. Each
event in a crash is recorded in chronological order. The data element that records each impact
for a vehicle is “Area of Impact (This Vehicle)” ) for “This Vehicle” or “Area of Impact (Other
Vehicle)” for the “Other Vehicle”. The area of impact is only coded for harmful events, that is
“Sequence of Events” values that are not between codes 60 and 71. Initial Contact Point,
therefore, is the vehicle’s first recorded Area of Impact value for a harmful event. Note that the
vehicle may be “This Vehicle” or the “Other Vehicle” in the crash event.

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendices • 485

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix B:
Rules for Derived Data Elements

Make Model Combined
Vehicle. MAK_MOD, Parkwork. PMAK_MOD
(also provided as Person. MAK_MOD)
Logic of Derivation
This 5-digit data element is the combination of two data elements, the 2-digit “Vehicle Make”
code followed by the 3-digit “Vehicle Model” code.
______________________________________________________

Motor Carrier Identification Number
Vehicle. MCARR_ID, Parkwork. PMCARR_ID
Logic of Derivation
This 11-character data element is the combination of two data elements, the 2-digit “Motor
Carrier Issuing Authority” code followed by the 9-character “Identification Number”.

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Appendices • 486

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix C:
Auxiliary Data Files

Appendix C:
Auxiliary Data Files
A set of auxiliary files has been created since 1982. These files contain elements derived from
the FARS datasets to make it easier to extract certain data classifications and topical areas,
such as commonly used age groups, speeding involved crashes, and distraction involved
crashes. There is an Accident (Acc_Aux), Vehicle (Veh_Aux), and Person (Per_Aux) level
auxiliary file for each year of data. Refer to the FARS Auxiliary Analytical User’s Manual for the
derived elements and associated attributes. The manual can be found at NCSA PublicationsFARS/NASS GES/CRSS Manuals and Documentation. A listing of data elements in each file
follows:

Accident File (ACC_AUX)
Variable
A_CRAINJ
A_CT
A_D15_19
A_D15_20
A_D16_19
A_D16_20
A_D16_24
A_D21_24
A_D65PLS
A_DIST
A_DOW
A_DROWSY
A_HR
A_INTER
A_INTSEC
A_JUNC
A_LT
A_MANCOL
A_MC
A_PED
A_PEDAL
A_POLPUR
A_POSBAC
A_RD
A_REGION
A_RELRD
A_ROADFC
A_ROLL
A_RU
A_SPCRA
A_TOD
BIA
SPJ_INDIAN
INDIAN_RES

Description
Crash Injury Type
Crash Type
Crashes Involving a Young Driver (Aged 15-19)
Crashes Involving a Young Driver (Aged 15-20)
Crashes Involving a Young Driver (Aged 16-19)
Crashes Involving a Young Driver (Aged 16-20)
Crashes Involving a Young Driver (Aged 16-24)
Crashes Involving a Young Driver (Aged 21-24)
Crashes Involving an Older Driver (Aged 65+)
Involving a Distracted Driver
Day of Week
Involving a Drowsy Driver
Involving a Hit and Run
Interstate
Intersection
Junction
Involving a Large Truck
Manner of Collision
Involving a Motorcycle
Involving a Pedestrian
Involving a Pedalcyclist
Involving a Police Pursuit
Involving a Driver with a Positive BAC Test Result
Involving a Roadway Departure (FHWA definition)
NHTSA Region
Relationship to the Trafficway
Roadway Function Class
Involving a Rollover
Land Use (Rural/Urban)
Involving Speeding
Time of Day
Tribal lands based on geographic location and spatial data
Special Jurisdiction Indian Reservation
Indian Reservation based on special jurisdiction and geographic location data

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Appendices • 487

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix C:
Auxiliary Data Files

Vehicle File (VEH_AUX)
Variable
A_BODY
A_CDL_S
A_DRDIS
A_DRDRO
A_IMP1
A_IMP2
A_LIC_C
A_LIC_S
A_MC_L_S
A_SBUS
A_SPVEH
A_VROLL

Description
Vehicle Type
CDL Status
Distracted Driver
Drowsy Driver
Initial Impact Point
Principal Impact Point
License Compliance
License Status
Motorcycle License Status
School Bus
Speeding Vehicle
Rollover

Person File (PER_AUX)
Variable
A_AGE1
A_AGE2
A_AGE3
A_AGE4
A_AGE5
A_AGE6
A_AGE7
A_AGE8
A_AGE9
A_ALCTES
A_EJECT
A_HISP
A_HRACE
A_LOC
A_PERINJ
A_PTYPE
A_RCAT
A_REST

Description
Age Group 1
Age Group 2
Age Group 3
Age Group 4
Age Group 5
Age Group 6
Age Group 7
Age Group 8
Age Group 9
Alcohol Testing
Ejection
Hispanic Origin
Race and Hispanic Origin – Using OMB Guideline
Non-Motorist Location
Injury Type
Person Type
Race – Using OMB Guidelines
Restraint Use

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Appendices • 488

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix D:
Additional Data Element Information

Appendix D:
Additional Data Element Information
Analytical data classifications make up the majority of information provided in this appendix.
The data classifications are primarily, but not solely, based on standards established for
production of NCSA’s Traffic Safety Facts publications and other data products produced by
NCSA. It is important to note that these classifications are only meant as references and may
be deviated from as a project or request dictates. However, to maintain consistency in data
reporting, NCSA tends to adhere to these classifications.

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendices • 489

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix D:
Additional Data Element Information

Date of Crash
Time of Day/Day of Week
Data Year and Code
Classification
1975-Later
Time of Day

HOUR (Military)

Daytime (6:00 a.m. – 5:59 p.m.)

6-17

Nighttime (6:00 p.m. – 5:59 a.m.)

0-5, 18-24*

Unknown

99

Day of Week

DAY_WEEK w/ HOUR

Weekday
6 a.m. Monday thru 5:59 p.m. Friday

(DAY_WEEK=2 and 6<=HOUR<=23) or
(DAY_WEEK in (3,4,5)) or
(DAY_WEEK=6 and (0<= HOUR <=17 or HOUR=24*))

Weekend
6 p.m. Friday thru 5:59 a.m. Monday

(DAY_WEEK=6 and 18<= HOUR <=23) or
(DAY_WEEK in (1,7)) or
(DAY_WEEK=2 and (0<= HOUR <=5 or HOUR=24*))
(DAY_WEEK =9) or
(DAY_WEEK in (2,6) and HOUR =99)

Unknown

* Hour 24 is the beginning of the day. In 2009 attribute 24 was dropped since 0 means the same thing.

Holidays
The length of a "FARS holiday" depends on the day on which the holiday occurs. NHTSA uses
the following times for holiday analysis:
DAY OF HOLIDAY

TIME PERIOD USED FOR ANALYSIS

Sunday or Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday or Saturday

6 p.m. Friday to 5:59 a.m. Tuesday
6 p.m. Friday to 5:59 a.m. Wednesday
6 p.m. Tuesday to 5:59 a.m. Thursday
6 p.m. Wednesday to 5:59 a.m. Monday
6 p.m. Thursday to 5:59 a.m. Monday

HOLIDAY DESCRIPTIONS AND CALENDARS
The following table gives a detailed description of the time periods included within the following
major holidays: New Year’s, Memorial Day, Fourth of July, Labor Day, Thanksgiving and
Christmas. The number of whole days in the holiday period is shown in parentheses. Since the
holiday period data retrieval is associated with the alcohol related data, the holiday periods are
given from 1982 onwards to match with the BAC data.
Note: When using the Alcohol data files, the New Year’s Day holiday period for 1982 will be
incomplete since no Alcohol data files exist prior to 1982.

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Appendices • 490

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Date of Crash

Appendix D:
Additional Data Element Information

(continued)

Holiday
HOLIDAY CALENDAR
Year

New Year’s
Day

Memorial Day

Fourth of July

Labor Day

Thanksgiving
Day

Christmas
Day

1982

6:00 PM Thu.
12/31/1981 to
5:59 AM Mon.
01/04/1982 (3)

6:00 PM Fri.
05/28/1982 to
5:59 AM Tue.
06/01/1982 (3)

6:00 PM Fri.
07/02/1982 to
5:59 AM Tue.
07/06/1982 (3)

6:00 PM Fri.
09/03/1982 to
5:59 AM Tue.
09/07/1982 (3)

6:00 PM Wed.
11/24/1982 to
5:59 AM Mon.
11/29/1982 (4)

6:00 PM Thu.
12/23/1982 to
5:59 AM Mon.
12/27/1982 (3)

1983

6:00 PM Thu.
12/30/1982 to
5:59 AM Mon.
01/03/1983 (3)

6:00 PM Fri.
05/27/1983 to
5:59 AM Tue.
05/31/1983 (3)

6:00 PM Fri.
07/01/1983 to
5:59 AM Tue.
07/05/1983 (3)

6:00 PM Fri.
09/02/1983 to
5:59 AM Tue.
09/06/1983 (3)

6:00 PM Wed.
11/23/1983 to
5:59 AM Mon.
11/28/1983 (4)

6:00 PM Fri.
12/23/1983 to
5:59 AM Tue.
12/27/1983 (3)

1984

6:00 PM Fri.
12/30/1983 to
5:59 AM Tue.
01/03/1984 (3)

6:00 PM Fri.
05/25/1984 to
5:59 AM Tue.
05/29/1984 (3)

6:00 PM Tue.
07/03/1984 to
5:59 AM Thu.
07/05/1984 (1)

6:00 PM Fri.
08/31/1984 to
5:59 AM Tue.
09/04/1984 (3)

6:00 PM Wed.
11/21/1984 to
5:59 AM Mon.
11/26/1984 (4)

6:00 PM Fri.
12/21/1984 to
5:59 AM Wed.
12/26/1984 (4)

1985

6:00 PM Fri.
12/28/1984 to
5:59 AM Wed.
01/02/1985 (4)

6:00 PM Fri.
05/24/1985 to
5:59 AM Tue.
05/28/1985 (3)

6:00 PM Wed.
07/03/1985 to
5:59 AM Mon.
07/08/1985 (4)

6:00 PM Fri.
08/30/1985 to
5:59 AM Tue.
09/03/1985 (3)

6:00 PM Wed.
11/27/1985 to
5:59 AM Mon.
12/02/1985 (4)

6:00 PM Tue.
12/24/1985 to
5:59 AM Thu.
12/26/1985 (1)

1986

6:00 PM Tue.
12/31/1985 to
5:59 AM Thu.
01/02/1986 (1)

6:00 PM Fri.
05/23/1986 to
5:59 AM Tue.
05/27/1986 (3)

6:00 PM Thu.
07/03/1986 to
5:59 AM Mon.
07/07/1986 (3)

6:00 PM Fri.
08/29/1986 to
5:59 AM Tue.
09/02/1986 (3)

6:00 PM Wed.
11/26/1986 to
5:59 AM Mon.
12/01/1986 (4)

6:00 PM Wed.
12/24/1986 to
5:59 AM Mon.
12/29/1986 (4)

1987

6:00 PM Wed.
12/31/1986 to
5:59 AM Mon.
01/05/1987 (4)

6:00 PM Fri.
05/22/1987 to
5:59 AM Tue.
05/26/1987 (3)

6:00 PM Thu.
07/02/1987 to
5:59 AM Mon.
07/06/1987 (3)

6:00 PM Fri.
09/04/1987 to
5:59 AM Tue.
09/08/1987 (3)

6:00 PM Wed.
11/25/1987 to
5:59 AM Mon.
11/30/1987 (4)

6:00 PM Thu.
12/24/1987 to
5:59 AM Mon.
12/28/1987 (3)

1988

6:00 PM Thu.
12/31/1987 to
5:59 AM Mon.
01/04/1988 (3)

6:00 PM Fri.
05/27/1988 to
5:59 AM Tue.
05/31/1988 (3)

6:00 PM Fri.
07/01/1988 to
5:59 AM Tue.
07/05/1988 (3)

6:00 PM Fri.
09/02/1988 to
5:59 AM Tue.
09/06/1988 (3)

6:00 PM Wed.
11/23/1988 to
5:59 AM Mon.
11/28/1988 (4)

6:00 PM Fri.
12/23/1988 to
5:59 AM Tue.
12/27/1988 (3)

1989

6:00 PM Fri.
12/30/1988 to
5:59 AM Tue.
01/03/1989 (3)

6:00 PM Fri.
05/26/1989 to
5:59 AM Tue.
05/30/1989 (3)

6:00 PM Fri.
06/30/1989 to
5:59 AM Wed.
07/05/1989 (4)

6:00 PM Fri.
09/01/1989 to
5:59 AM Tue.
09/05/1989 (3)

6:00 PM Wed.
11/22/1989 to
5:59 AM Mon.
11/27/1989 (4)

6:00 PM Fri.
12/22/1989 to
5:59 AM Tue.
12/26/1989 (3)

1990

6:00 PM Fri.
12/29/1989 to
5:59 AM Tue.
01/02/1990 (3)

6:00 PM Fri.
05/25/1990 to
5:59 AM Tue.
05/29/1990 (3)

6:00 PM Tue.
07/03/1990 to
5:59 AM Thu.
07/05/1990 (1)

6:00 PM Fri.
08/31/1990 to
5:59 AM Tue.
09/04/1990 (3)

6:00 PM Wed.
11/21/1990 to
5:59 AM Mon.
11/26/1990 (4)

6:00 PM Fri.
12/21/1990 to
5:59 AM Wed.
12/26/1990 (4)

1991

6:00 PM Fri.
12/28/1990 to
5:59 AM Wed.
01/02/1991 (4)

6:00 PM Fri.
05/24/1991 to
5:59 AM Tue.
05/28/1991 (3)

6:00 PM Wed.
07/03/1991 to
5:59 AM Mon.
07/08/1991 (4)

6:00 PM Fri.
08/30/1991 to
5:59 AM Tue.
09/03/1991 (3)

6:00 PM Wed.
11/27/1991 to
5:59 AM Mon.
12/02/1991 (4)

6:00 PM Tue.
12/24/1991 to
5:59 AM Thu.
12/26/1991 (1)

1992

6:00 PM Tue.
12/31/1991 to
5:59 AM Thu.
01/02/1992 (1)

6:00 PM Fri.
05/22/1992 to
5:59 AM Tue.
05/26/1992 (3)

6:00 PM Thu.
07/02/1992 to
5:59 AM Mon.
07/06/1992 (3)

6:00 PM Fri.
09/04/1992 to
5:59 AM Tue.
09/08/1992 (3)

6:00 PM Wed.
11/25/1992 to
5:59 AM Mon.
11/30/1992 (4)

6:00 PM Thu.
12/24/1992 to
5:59 AM Mon.
12/28/1992 (3)

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendices • 491

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Date of Crash

Appendix D:
Additional Data Element Information

(continued)
HOLIDAY CALENDAR

Year

New Year’s
Day

Memorial Day

Fourth of July

Labor Day

Thanksgiving
Day

Christmas
Day

1993

6:00 PM Thu.
12/31/1992 to
5:59 AM Mon.
01/04/1993 (3)

6:00 PM Fri.
05/28/1993 to
5:59 AM Tue.
06/01/1993 (3)

6:00 PM Fri.
07/02/1993 to
5:59 AM Tue.
07/06/1993 (3)

6:00 PM Fri.
09/03/1993 to
5:59 AM Tue.
09/07/1993 (3)

6:00 PM Wed.
11/24/1993 to
5:59 AM Mon.
11/29/1993 (4)

6:00 PM Thu.
12/23/1993 to
5:59 AM Mon.
12/27/1993 (3)

1994

6:00 PM Thu.
12/30/1993 to
5:59 AM Mon.
01/03/1994 (3)

6:00 PM Fri.
05/27/1994 to
5:59 AM Tue.
05/31/1994 (3)

6:00 PM Fri.
07/01/1994 to
5:59 AM Tue.
07/05/1994 (3)

6:00 PM Fri.
09/02/1994 to
5:59 AM Tue.
09/06/1994 (3)

6:00 PM Wed.
11/23/1994 to
5:59 AM Mon.
11/28/1994 (4)

6:00 PM Fri.
12/23/1994 to
5:59 AM Tue.
12/27/1994 (3)

1995

6:00 PM Fri.
12/30/1994 to
5:59 AM Tue.
01/03/1995 (3)

6:00 PM Fri.
05/26/1995 to
5:59 AM Tue.
05/30/1995 (3)

6:00 PM Fri.
06/30/1995 to
5:59 AM Wed.
07/05/1995 (4)

6:00 PM Fri.
09/01/1995 to
5:59 AM Tue.
09/05/1995 (3)

6:00 PM Wed.
11/22/1995 to
5:59 AM Mon.
11/27/1995 (4)

6:00 PM Fri.
12/22/1995 to
5:59 AM Tue.
12/26/1995 (3)

1996

6:00 PM Fri.
12/29/1995 to
5:59 AM Tue.
01/02/1996 (3)

6:00 PM Fri.
05/24/1996 to
5:59 AM Tue.
05/28/1996 (3)

6:00 PM Wed.
07/03/1996 to
5:59 AM Mon.
07/08/1996 (4)

6:00 PM Fri.
08/30/1996 to
5:59 AM Tue.
09/03/1996 (3)

6:00 PM Wed.
11/27/1996 to
5:59 AM Mon.
12/02/1996 (4)

6:00 PM Tue.
12/24/1996 to
5:59 AM Thu.
12/26/1996 (1)

1997

6:00 PM Tue.
12/31/1996 to
5:59 AM Thu.
01/02/1997 (1)

6:00 PM Fri.
05/23/1997 to
5:59 AM Tue.
05/27/1997 (3)

6:00 PM Thu.
07/03/1997 to
5:59 AM Mon.
07/07/1997 (3)

6:00 PM Fri.
08/29/1997 to
5:59 AM Tue.
09/02/1997 (3)

6:00 PM Wed.
11/26/1997 to
5:59 AM Mon.
12/01/1997 (4)

6:00 PM Wed.
12/24/1997 to
5:59 AM Mon.
12/29/1997 (4)

1998

6:00 PM Wed.
12/31/1997 to
5:59 AM Mon.
01/05/1998 (4)

6:00 PM Fri.
05/22/1998 to
5:59 AM Tue.
05/26/1998 (3)

6:00 PM Thu.
07/02/1998 to
5:59 AM Mon.
07/06/1998 (3)

6:00 PM Fri.
09/04/1998 to
5:59 AM Tue.
09/08/1998 (3)

6:00 PM Wed.
11/25/1998 to
5:59 AM Mon.
11/30/1998 (4)

6:00 PM Thu.
12/24/1998 to
5:59 AM Mon.
12/28/1998 (3)

1999

6:00 PM Thu.
12/31/1998 to
5:59 AM Mon.
01/04/1999 (3)

6:00 PM Fri.
05/28/1999 to
5:59 AM Tue.
06/01/1999 (3)

6:00 PM Fri.
07/02/1999 to
5:59 AM Tue.
07/06/1999 (3)

6:00 PM Fri.
09/03/1999 to
5:59 AM Tue.
09/07/1999 (3)

6:00 PM Wed.
11/24/1999 to
5:59 AM Mon.
11/29/1999 (4)

6:00 PM Thu.
12/23/1999 to
5:59 AM Mon.
12/27/1999 (3)

2000

6:00 PM Thu.
12/30/1999 to
5:59 AM Mon.
01/03/2000 (3)

6:00 PM Fri.
05/26/2000 to
5:59 AM Tue.
05/30/2000 (3)

6:00 PM Fri.
06/30/2000 to
5:59 AM Wed.
07/05/2000 (4)

6:00 PM Fri.
09/01/2000 to
5:59 AM Tue.
09/05/2000 (3)

6:00 PM Wed.
11/22/2000 to
5:59 AM Mon.
11/27/2000 (4)

6:00 PM Fri.
12/22/2000 to
5:59 AM Tue.
12/26/2000 (3)

2001

6:00 PM Fri.
12/29/2000 to
5:59 AM Tue.
01/02/2001 (3)

6:00 PM Fri.
05/25/2001 to
5:59 AM Tue.
05/29/2001 (3)

6:00 PM Tue.
07/03/2001 to
5:59 AM Thu.
07/05/2001 (1)

6:00 PM Fri.
08/31/2001 to
5:59 AM Tue.
09/04/2001 (3)

6:00 PM Wed.
11/21/2001 to
5:59 AM Mon.
11/26/2001 (4)

6:00 PM Fri.
12/21/2001 to
5:59 AM Wed.
12/26/2001 (4)

2002

6:00 PM Fri.
12/28/2001 to
5:59 AM Wed.
01/02/2002 (4)

6:00 PM Fri.
05/24/2002 to
5:59 AM Tue.
05/28/2002 (3)

6:00 PM Wed.
07/03/2002 to
5:59 AM Mon.
07/08/2002 (4)

6:00 PM Fri.
08/30/2002 to
5:59 AM Tue.
09/03/2002 (3)

6:00 PM Wed.
11/27/2002 to
5:59 AM Mon.
12/02/2002 (4)

6:00 PM Tue.
12/24/2002 to
5:59 AM Thu.
12/26/2002 (1)

2003

6:00 PM Tue.
12/31/2002 to
5:59 AM Thu.
01/02/2003 (1)

6:00 PM Fri.
05/23/2003 to
5:59 AM Tue.
05/27/2003 (3)

6:00 PM Thu.
07/03/2003 to
5:59 AM Mon.
07/07/2003 (3)

6:00 PM Fri.
08/29/2003 to
5:59 AM Tue.
09/02/2003 (3)

6:00 PM Wed.
11/26/2003 to
5:59 AM Mon.
12/01/2003 (4)

6:00 PM Wed.
12/24/2003 to
5:59 AM Mon.
12/29/2003 (4)

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendices • 492

FARS Analytical User’s Manual
Date of Crash

Appendix D:
Additional Data Element Information

(continued)
HOLIDAY CALENDAR

Year

New Year’s
Day

Memorial Day

Fourth of July

Labor Day

Thanksgiving
Day

Christmas
Day

2004

6:00 PM Wed.
12/31/2003 to
5:59 AM Mon.
01/05/2004 (4)

6:00 PM Fri.
05/28/2004 to
5:59 AM Tue.
06/01/2004 (3)

6:00 PM Fri.
07/02/2004 to
5:59 AM Tue.
07/06/2004 (3)

6:00 PM Fri.
09/03/2004 to
5:59 AM Tue.
09/07/2004 (3)

6:00 PM Wed.
11/24/2004 to
5:59 AM Mon.
11/29/2004 (4)

6:00 PM Thu.
12/23/2004 to
5:59 AM Mon.
12/27/2004 (3)

2005

6:00 PM Thu.
12/30/2004 to
5:59 AM Mon.
01/03/2005 (3)

6:00 PM Fri.
05/27/2005 to
5:59 AM Tue.
05/31/2005 (3)

6:00 PM Fri.
07/01/2005 to
5:59 AM Tue.
07/05/2005 (3)

6:00 PM Fri.
09/02/2005 to
5:59 AM Tue.
09/06/2005 (3)

6:00 PM Wed.
11/23/2005 to
5:59 AM Mon.
11/28/2005 (4)

6:00 PM Fri.
12/23/2005 to
5:59 AM Tue.
12/27/2005 (3)

2006

6:00 PM Fri.
12/30/2005 to
5:59 AM Tue.
01/03/2006 (3)

6:00 PM Fri.
05/26/2006 to
5:59 AM Tue.
05/30/2006 (3)

6:00 PM Fri.
06/30/2006 to
5:59 AM Wed.
07/05/2006 (4)

6:00 PM Fri.
09/01/2006 to
5:59 AM Tue.
09/05/2006 (3)

6:00 PM Wed.
11/22/2006 to
5:59 AM Mon.
11/27/2006 (4)

6:00 PM Fri.
12/22/2006 to
5:59 AM Tue.
12/26/2006 (3)

2007

6:00 PM Fri.
12/29/2006 to
5:59 AM Tue.
01/02/2007 (3)

6:00 PM Fri.
05/25/2007 to
5:59 AM Tue.
05/29/2007 (3)

6:00 PM Tue.
07/03/2007 to
5:59 AM Thu.
07/05/2007 (1)

6:00 PM Fri.
08/31/2007 to
5:59 AM Tue.
09/04/2007 (3)

6:00 PM Wed.
11/21/2007 to
5:59 AM Mon.
11/26/2007 (4)

6:00 PM Fri.
12/21/2007 to
5:59 AM Wed.
12/26/2007 (4)

2008

6:00 PM Fri.
12/28/2007 to
5:59 AM Wed.
01/02/2008 (4)

6:00 PM Fri.
05/23/2008 to
5:59 AM Tue.
05/27/2008 (3)

6:00 PM Thu.
07/03/2008 to
5:59 AM Mon.
07/07/2008 (3)

6:00 PM Fri.
08/29/2008 to
5:59 AM Tue.
09/02/2008 (3)

6:00 PM Wed.
11/26/2008 to
5:59 AM Mon.
12/01/2008 (4)

6:00 PM Wed.
12/24/2008 to
5:59 AM Mon.
12/29/2008 (4)

2009

6:00 PM Wed.
12/31/2008 to
5:59 AM Mon.
01/05/2009 (4)

6:00 PM Fri.
05/22/2009 to
5:59 AM Tue.
05/26/2009 (3)

6:00 PM Thu.
07/02/2009 to
5:59 AM Mon.
07/06/2009 (3)

6:00 PM Fri.
09/04/2009 to
5:59 AM Tue.
09/08/2009 (3)

6:00 PM Wed.
11/25/2009 to
5:59 AM Mon.
11/30/2009 (4)

6:00 PM Thu.
12/24/2009 to
5:59 AM Mon.
12/28/2009 (3)

2010

6:00 PM Thu.
12/31/2009 to
5:59 AM Mon.
01/04/2010 (3)

6:00 PM Fri.
05/28/2010 to
5:59 AM Tue.
06/01/2010 (3)

6:00 PM Fri.
07/02/2010 to
5:59 AM Tue.
07/06/2010 (3)

6:00 PM Fri.
09/03/2010 to
5:59 AM Tue.
09/07/2010 (3)

6:00 PM Wed.
11/24/2010 to
5:59 AM Mon.
11/29/2010 (4)

6:00 PM Thu.
12/23/2010 to
5:59 AM Mon.
12/27/2010 (3)

2011

6:00 PM Thu.
12/30/2010 to
5:59 AM Mon.
01/03/2011 (3)

6:00 PM Fri.
05/27/2011 to
5:59 AM Tue.
05/31/2011 (3)

6:00 PM Fri.
07/01/2011 to
5:59 AM Tue.
07/05/2011 (3)

6:00 PM Fri.
09/02/2011 to
5:59 AM Tue.
09/06/2011 (3)

6:00 PM Wed.
11/23/2011 to
5:59 AM Mon.
11/28/2011 (4)

6:00 PM Fri.
12/23/2011 to
5:59 AM Tue.
12/27/2011 (3)

2012

6:00 PM Fri.
12/30/2011 to
5:59 AM Tue.
01/03/2012 (3)

6:00 PM Fri.
05/25/2012 to
5:59 AM Tue.
05/29/2012 (3)

6:00 PM Tue.
07/03/2012 to
5:59 AM Thu.
07/05/2012 (1)

6:00 PM Fri.
08/31/2012 to
5:59 AM Tue.
09/04/2012 (3)

6:00 PM Wed.
11/21/2012 to
5:59 AM Mon.
11/26/2012 (4)

6:00 PM Fri.
12/21/2012 to
5:59 AM Wed.
12/26/2012 (4)

2013

6:00 PM Fri.
12/28/2012 to
5:59 AM Wed.
01/02/2013 (4)

6:00 PM Fri.
05/24/2013 to
5:59 AM Tue.
05/28/2013 (3)

6:00 PM Wed.
07/03/2013 to
5:59 AM Mon.
07/08/2013 (4)

6:00 PM Fri.
08/30/2013 to
5:59 AM Tue.
09/03/2013 (3)

6:00 PM Wed.
11/27/2013 to
5:59 AM Mon.
12/02/2013 (4)

6:00 PM Tue.
12/24/2013 to
5:59 AM Thu.
12/26/2013 (1)

2014

6:00 PM Tue.
12/31/2013 to
5:59 AM Thu.
01/02/2014 (1)

6:00 PM Fri.
05/23/2014 to
5:59 AM Tue.
05/27/2014 (3)

6:00 PM Thu.
07/03/2014 to
5:59 AM Mon.
07/07/2014 (3)

6:00 PM Fri.
08/29/2014 to
5:59 AM Tue.
09/02/2014 (3)

6:00 PM Wed.
11/26/2014 to
5:59 AM Mon.
12/01/2014 (4)

6:00 PM Wed.
12/24/2014 to
5:59 AM Mon.
12/29/2014 (4)

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendices • 493

FARS Analytical User’s Manual
Date of Crash

Appendix D:
Additional Data Element Information

(continued)
HOLIDAY CALENDAR

New Year’s
Day

Year

Memorial Day

Fourth of July

Labor Day

Thanksgiving
Day

Christmas
Day

2015

6:00 PM Wed.
12/31/2014 to
5:59 AM Mon.
01/05/2015 (4)

6:00 PM Fri.
05/22/2015 to
5:59 AM Tue.
05/26/2015 (3)

6:00 PM Thu.
07/02/2015 to
5:59 AM Mon.
07/06/2015 (3)

6:00 PM Fri.
09/04/2015 to
5:59 AM Tue.
09/08/2015 (3)

6:00 PM Wed.
11/25/2015 to
5:59 AM Mon.
11/30/2015 (4)

6:00 PM Thu.
12/24/2015 to
5:59 AM Mon.
12/28/2015 (3)

2016

6:00 PM Thu.
12/31/2015 to
5:59 AM Mon.
01/04/2016 (3)

6:00 PM Fri.
05/27/2016 to
5:59 AM Tue.
05/31/2016 (3)

6:00 PM Fri.
07/01/2016 to
5:59 AM Tue.
07/05/2016 (3)

6:00 PM Fri.
09/02/2016 to
5:59 AM Tue.
09/06/2016 (3)

6:00 PM Wed.
11/23/2016 to
5:59 AM Mon.
11/28/2016 (4)

6:00 PM Fri.
12/23/2016 to
5:59 AM Tue.
12/27/2016 (3)

Note: The number of whole days in the holiday period is shown in parenthesis.

Return

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendices • 494

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix D:
Additional Data Element Information

Manner of Collision
Note: From 1975 to 2001, the manner of collision is totally dependent on the directions of travel
of the vehicles involved. The direction of travel of the vehicles is often misunderstood. The
direction of a vehicle is determined by the precrash condition direction of travel, just before the
vehicle goes out of control. Example (1): Assume two vehicles are heading toward each other
on the same roadway, one going north and the other going south. If the southbound vehicle
skids on a patch of ice and turns 180° and immediately is struck in the rear by the vehicle going
north, then the manner of collision is “Head-On,” not “Rear-End.” Example (2): Had the vehicle
going north sideswiped the southbound vehicle, which after the ice skid was pointed north, the
manner of collision would be “Sideswipe Opposite Direction,” even though both vehicles are
pointed north at the time of the sideswipe. The precrash condition directions of travel, for both
vehicles, determine the outcome. These examples involve a rotation of a vehicle just before the
crash and can account for 20 to 30 percent of the coded cases. See Impact also in this
Appendix.
Starting in 2002 and later, the manner of collision is dependent on the geometry of the points of
impact. That is, Example (1) above is now coded 01, Front-to-Rear (includes Rear-End) and
Example (2), is now coded 07 Sideswipe, Same Direction. This is a major change in the
MAN_COLL data element. Care must be taken when using this data element over a time period
that spans 2001 to 2002.

NHTSA’S Manner Of Collision Convention
Classification (MAN_COLL)

Data Year and Code
1975-1977

1978-2001

2002-2009

2010-Later

Not Collision with Motor Vehicle in Transport

0

0

0

0

Rear-End

1

1

1

1

Head-On

2

2

2

2

Angle

4

4

3-6

6

Sideswipe

7

5, 6

7-8

7-8

Other

3

3

9-11

9-11

Unknown

9

9

99

98, 99

Note: Refers only to crashes in which the “First Harmful Event” is a collision between two motor
vehicles in-transport (codes 12 and 13).
Since 2002, this data element has been based on the impact location (front, side, or rear) and
vehicle orientation (facing in the same or opposite directions) of the contact vehicles in the First
Harmful Event. The use of “direction of force” will no longer be used in determining this data
element. Prior to 2002, the “direction of force” immediately preceding the collision was allowed
to be considered, especially in head-on collisions.
Return

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendices • 495

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix D:
Additional Data Element Information

Relation to Trafficway
FARS Description
(REL_ROAD)

Data Year and Code

Classification

1975-1997

1998-Later

On Roadway

1

1

Two-Way Continuous
Left-Turn Lane*

-

11 (since 2001)

Shoulder

2

2

Off roadway/shoulder

Median

3

3

Off roadway/median

Roadside

4

4

Outside Right-OfWay

5

5

On roadway

Off roadway/other
Off Roadway Location Unknown

6

6

7 (since 1980)
8 (since 1982)

7
8

Separator

-

10

Not Reported

-

98 (since 2010)

Unknown

9

99

In Parking Lane
Gore

Unknown

IMPORTANT: Two-way continuous left-turn lane has been reclassified as On Roadway.
Previously, two-way continuous left-turn lane was classified as off roadway/median.
*The attribute two-way continuous left-turn lane was introduced in 2001 and was described as a
type of median, thus they were classified as off roadway/median. However, in 2003 the attribute
description was revised and the two-way continuous left-turn lane was considered on the
roadway, thus not a median. For analytical purposes, consider two-way continuous left-turn
lanes as on the roadway, with the understanding that these instances may have been recorded
under the Median attribute prior to 2001.

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendices • 496

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix D:
Additional Data Element Information

Trafficway with frontage road

Trafficway with multiple roadways in the same direction

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendices • 497

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Relation to Trafficway

Appendix D:
Additional Data Element Information

(continued)

Gore

Return

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendices • 498

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix D:
Additional Data Element Information

Roadway Function Class and Land Use
NHTSA’S Roadway Function Class Convention
1981-1986
(ROAD_FNC)

Data Year and Code
1987-2014
(ROAD_FNC)

2015-Later
(FUNC_SYS)

Interstate, principal arterial

1

1, 11

1

Freeway and expressway, principal arterial

2

12

2

Principal arterial, other

3

2, 13

3

Minor arterial

4

3, 14

4

Classification

Collector

5, 6, 7

4, 5, 15

5, 6

Local

8

6, 16

7

Unknown

9

9, 19, 99

96, 98, 99

NHTSA’S Land Use (Rural/Urban) Convention
1975-1986
(LAND_USE)

Data Year and Code
1987-2014
(ROAD_FNC)

2015-Later
(RUR_URB)

Rural

2

1-6, 9

1

Urban

1

11-16, 19

2

Unknown

9

99

6, 8, 9

Classification

NHTSA’S Interstate and Non-Interstate Convention
Classification
Interstate
Non-Interstate
Unknown

1975-1980
(CL_TWAY)

Data Year and Code
1981-1986
1987-2014
(ROAD_FNC)
(ROAD_FNC)

2015-Later
(FUNC_SYS)

1

1

1, 11

1

2-8

2-8

2-6, 12-16

2-7

9

9

9, 19, 99

96, 98, 99

Return

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendices • 499

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix D:
Additional Data Element Information

Indian Reservation
The Fatality Analysis Reporting System’s (FARS) Special Jurisdiction data and the geographic
location (global position) of the crash are used to identify Indian Reservations. These data can
be used in conjunction to provide a more accurate representation of fatal crashes occurring on
Tribal lands.
Special Jurisdiction
This element identifies if the location on the trafficway where the crash occurred qualifies as a
Special Jurisdiction even though it may be patrolled by state, county or local police (e.g., all
State highways running through Indian reservations are under the jurisdiction of the Indian
reservation).
Element Values:
0
No Special Jurisdiction (Includes National Forests Since 2008)
1
National Park Service
2
Military
3
Indian Reservation
4
College/University Campus
5
Other Federal Properties (Since 1977)
8
Other (Since 1976)
9
Unknown
In order to code the crash as Indian Reservation (SP_JUR=3) the relevant information would
need to be present on the Police Crash Report or the FARS Analyst would need to have the
local knowledge that the particular location of the crash was within the Bureau of Indian Affairs
(BIA) land.
Derived Data Element Using Geospatial Software
Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) dataset: This dataset is an extraction from PAD-US 1.1 (CBI
Edition) of lands owned by the Bureau of Indian Affairs, Native American Tribes and Native
Alaskan Corporations. The PAD-US 1.1 (CBI Edition) data set portrays the nation's protected
areas with a standardized spatial geometry and numerous valuable attributes on land
ownership, management designations, and conservation status (using national GAP and
international IUCN coding systems). The PAD-US 1.1 (CBI Edition) defines protected areas to
include all lands dedicated to the preservation of biological diversity and to other natural,
recreation and cultural uses, and managed for these purposes through legal or other effective
means (adapted from IUCN definition). PAD-US 1.1 (CBI Edition) attempts to include all
available spatial data on these places. This dataset was uploaded to Data Basin and is available
with additional information at:
Data Basin- Native American Lands
The FARS database contains Latitude and Longitude elements. These data elements are coded
by the FARS Analysts based on the location information available on the Police Crash Report
(either directly from a listed latitude/longitude or indirectly via the address of the crash (road
name, mile marker etc.)). Not all FARS crashes have a valid latitude/longitude and these
crashes are coded as having an unknown geospatial location.

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendices • 500

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix D:
Additional Data Element Information

FARS crash locations were imported into Geospatial software and overlaid on a BIA land layer.
FARS crashes were then coded as being within the boundaries of BIA land or not (BIA=1 or 0).
When analyzing the FARS data with Geospatial software there are inconsistencies between the
FARS coding and Geospatial coding.
Derived Indian Reservation Data Elements (2001 and later)
Derived Indian Reservation data elements can be found on the Accident level auxiliary file –
ACC_AUX.*. The first year of data available is 2001. The following Indian Reservation related
data elements can be found in ACC_AUX.*:
• BIA – 1 indicates that the crash occurred on Tribal lands. The geographic location data
collected in FARS was used in conjunction with spatial data on the Bureau of Indian
Affairs (BIA) land boundaries to identify Tribal lands.
• SPJ_INDIAN – derived from FARS special jurisdiction (SP_JUR=3) element. 1 indicates
that the crash occurred on an Indian Reservation.
• *INDIAN_RES – 1 indicates either BIA=1 or SPJ_INDIAN=1. This provides a more
accurate representation of fatal crashes occurring on Tribal lands.
*Use the INDIAN_RES data element to obtain the most complete data.
ACC_AUX.* datasets can be merged with other FARS datasets by ST_CASE to obtain
additional information on the crash.
Additional Information
For further details on identifying Indian Reservations, please refer to Identifying Fatal Crashes
Involving Native Americans/Alaskan Natives throughout the United States and on Tribal
Reservations.
Summary of Fatal Crashes and Fatalities on Indian Reservations, 2001-2016
Fatal Motor Vehicle Traffic Crashes on Indian Reservations and
Fatalities in Crashes on Indian Reservations
Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS) 2001-2015 Final & 2016 Annual Files
Fatal Crashes

Fatalities

Special
Jurisdiction
(FARS) Indian
Reservation

GIS
Bureau of
Indian
Affairs
(BIA)

*BIA or Special
Jurisdiction
(FARS) Indian
Reservation

Special
Jurisdiction
(FARS) Indian
Reservation

GIS
Bureau of
Indian
Affairs
(BIA)

*BIA or Special
Jurisdiction
(FARS) Indian
Reservation

2001

226

167

309

257

185

346

2002

288

254

412

342

304

490

2003

272

237

385

325

277

459

2004

264

289

376

322

351

456

2005

277

307

388

320

366

455

2006

318

328

422

368

376

484

2007

304

338

410

366

399

488

2008

213

285

330

251

333

384

2009

242

276

345

282

317

399

Year

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendices • 501

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix D:
Additional Data Element Information

Summary of Fatal Crashes and Fatalities on Indian Reservations, 2001-2016
(continued)
Fatal Motor Vehicle Traffic Crashes on Indian Reservations and
Fatalities in Crashes on Indian Reservations
Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS) 2001-2015 Final & 2016 Annual Files
Fatal Crashes

Fatalities

Special
Jurisdiction
(FARS) Indian
Reservation

GIS
Bureau of
Indian
Affairs
(BIA)

*BIA or Special
Jurisdiction
(FARS) Indian
Reservation

Special
Jurisdiction
(FARS) Indian
Reservation

GIS
Bureau of
Indian
Affairs
(BIA)

*BIA or Special
Jurisdiction
(FARS) Indian
Reservation

2010

233

246

314

274

290

364

2011

245

275

341

279

314

388

2012

217

232

305

262

287

367

2013

202

217

279

234

247

316

2014

220

257

315

259

293

359

2015

244

261

319

285

298

369

2016

243

260

310

298

321

380

Year

*Note: The Fatality Analysis Reporting System’s (FARS) special jurisdiction data and the
geographic location (global position) of the crash were used to identify Indian Reservations.
Both of these data pieces were used to provide a more accurate representation of fatal crashes
occurring on Tribal lands. The geographic location data collected in FARS was used in
conjunction with spatial data on the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) land boundaries to identify
Tribal lands. Indian Reservations identified by the FARS special jurisdiction element and those
identified by the GIS/Bureau of Indian Affairs are not mutually exclusive

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Appendices • 502

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Appendix D:
Additional Data Element Information

Trafficway Identifier
If “Route Signing” is 1 (Interstate), then “I-” is in the first two spaces of “Trafficway Identifier”
If “Route Signing” is 2 (US Highway), then “US-” is in the first three spaces of “Trafficway
Identifier”
If “Route Signing” is 3 (State Highway), then “SR-” is in the first three spaces of “Trafficway
Identifier”
If Route Signing is 4 (County Road), then “CR-” is in the first three spaces of Trafficway
Identifier followed by the route number OR name if there is no number.
If Route Signing is other than 1, 2, 3 or 4, the route name or identifier is left-justified.
Immediately after the route designation (I-, US- or SR-), the corresponding highway number
appears. For example, Interstate 70 should be coded as “I-70” and US 66 should be coded as
“US-66.” A dash is used in the highway designation between the capital letters and the number.
If one trafficway is both a State Highway and an Interstate Highway, “Route Signing” must
always be coded “1-Interstate.”
(a) If the “Trafficway Identifier” and “Milepoint” are available for only the State Highway then the
“Route Signing” is coded as “1-Interstate.” “I-” is in the first two spaces of “Trafficway Identifier”
followed by the full State Highway Identifier as normal (including any letters.) If California
business loop (CA215) is also Interstate 15, then “Trafficway Identifier” is code as “I-SR215” or
“I-CA215.”
(b) If the “Trafficway Identifier” and “Milepoint” are available for both the State Highway and the
Interstate Highway, then “I-” appears in the first two spaces of “Trafficway Identifier” followed by
the Interstate number. The Interstate “Milepoint” is coded. E.g., “I-15” (SR215) or “I-15”
(CA215).
Similarly, if a State Highway is also a U.S. Highway, then the “Route Signing” is coded as “2-US
Highway.”
(a) If the “Trafficway Identifier” and “Milepoint” are available only for the State Highway, then the
“Route Signing” is coded as “2-US Highway.” “US-” appears in the first three spaces of
“Trafficway Identifier” followed by the full State Highway Identifier as normal (including any
letters). The State Highway “Milepoint” is coded. E.g.; If Florida Route 25 is also US Route 27,
then code “US-SR25” or “US-FL25.”
(b) If the “Trafficway Identifier” and “Milepoint” are available for both the U.S. Highway and the
State Highway, then “US-” is in the first three spaces of “Trafficway Identifier” followed by the
U.S. route number. The State Highway Identifier appears anywhere after the US route number.
The US Route “Milepoint” is coded. E.g. “US-27” (SR25) or “US-27” (FL25).

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Appendix D:
Additional Data Element Information

Vehicle Body Type
BODY_TYP by NHTSA vehicle category
NHTSA has precise definitions for several vehicle categories, such as passenger cars, pickups,
buses, etc. For some categories, one will also need the data element TOW_VEH.
NHTSA’s Vehicle Body Type Classification
Data Year and Code

Classification
(BODY_TYP)

1975-1981

1982-1990

1991-Later

Passenger Cars

1-9

1-11, 67

1-11, 17 (since 2010)

Light Trucks & Vans
(4)

43, 50-52, or (60 and
tow_veh=0)

12, 40, 41, 48-51, 53-56,
58, 59, 68, 69, or (79 and
tow_veh=0 or 9)

14-16, 19-22, 24(1,6), 25(2,6),
28-41, 45-49, or (79 and
tow_veh =0 or 9)

Large Trucks

53-59, or (60 and
tow_veh=1)

70-72, 74-76, 78, or (79
and tow_veh in 1-5(8))

60-64, 66, 67(5), 71, 72, 78, or
(79 and tow_veh(7) in 1-4)

Motorcycles

15-18

20-29

Buses

25-29

30-39

Other/Unknown
Vehicles

35-42, 44, 45, 99

13, 14, 42, 52, 73, 77, 80,
81, 82, 83, 88, 89, 90, 99

Passenger Vehicles

1-9, 43, 50-52, or
(60 and tow_veh=0)

1-12, 40, 41, 48-51,
53-56, 58, 59, 67-69, or
(79 and tow_veh-0 or 9)

80-89
50-59 (55 van-based >10k lbs
since 2011)
12, 13, 23(6), 42, 65, 73, 90,
91, 92, 93, 94(3), 95 (since
2012), 97, 99
Also, since 2004 (79 and
tow_veh(7) =5 or 6) or 98
(since 2010)
1-11, 14-22, 24(1), 25(2),
28-41, 45-49, or (79 and
tow_veh=0 or 9) ,
or 17 (since 2010)

43

12, 56, 68

14-16, 19

50

50, 51

30-39

Vans

51

40, 41, 48, 49

20-22, 24(1,6), 25(2,6), 28, 29

Medium Trucks

53, 54, 56

70, 71, 75, 78

60-62, 64, 67(5), 71

Heavy Trucks

55, 57-59, or (60 and
tow_veh=1)

72, 74, 76, or (79 and
tow_veh in 1-5(8))

63, 66, 72, 78, or (79 and
tow_veh(7) in 1-4)

Combination Trucks

((53-56, 60) and
tow_veh=1) or 57-59

Single Unit Trucks

(53-56, 60) and tow_veh =0

Utility Vehicles
(a.k.a. On/Off Road)
Pickups

((70-72, 75, 76, 78, 79)
and tow_veh in 1-5(8)) or
74
(70-72, 75, 76, 78, 79)
and tow_veh in (0,9)

((60-64, 71, 72, 78, 79) and
tow_veh(7) in 1-4) or 66
(60-62,63,64,67,71,72,78,79)
and tow_veh in (0,5,6(7),9)

(1)

Body type code 24 (van-based school bus) was added in 1993. When solely defining School Buses be sure to
include body type code 24.

(2)

Body type code 25 (van-based transit bus) was added in 1993. When solely defining Transit Buses be sure to
include body type code 25.

(3)

Body type coded 94 (motorized wheelchair) was added in 1997 and deleted in 1998.

(4)

“Light Trucks & Vans” is frequently referred to as just “Light Trucks.”

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Appendices • 504

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Vehicle Body Type Classification

Appendix D:
Additional Data Element Information

(continued)

(5)

Body type code 67 (medium/heavy pickup (Ford Super Duty 450/550)) was added in 2001. For the purposes of
medium and heavy truck classifications, this body type will be considered a medium truck.

(6)

Van-based bus (24, 25) and van-based motor home (23) body type codes were deleted in 2003.
These attributes were removed because a review of the FARS Analyst coding revealed that they were rarely
capturing them.

(7)

New code was added in 2004 for Vehicle Trailing (tow_veh) - 5 (vehicle towing another motor vehicle). In 2009
the attribute was split into two to distinguish between fixed and non-fixed linkages (5 and 6). This attribute is not a
part of the selection criteria for Light, Large, Heavy, or Combination Truck classifications. Beginning with 2004, an
unknown truck type (light/medium/heavy) that was towing another vehicle - (BODY_TYP=79 and TOW_VEH=5,6)
- should be classified as Other/Unknown. This classification is subject to change.

(8)

From 1982 to 1990, Vehicle Trailing (TOW_VEH) attribute value 5 (yes, two or more trailing units) existed in 1982
only. Including “5” in the range from 1982 to 1990 does not affect the classification.

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Appendix D:
Additional Data Element Information

Impact Area
Data Year and Code
FARS Description
Initial/Principal
Point of Impact

IMPACT1 and IMPACT2
(and MDAREAS*)

1975-1993
Non-Collision

Areas of
Impact –
Initial/Most
Damaged

Initial
Contact
Point/
Damaged
Areas

2010-2011

2012-Later

0

0

1994-2009
0

1 o’clock

1

1

1*

11 o’clock

11

11

11*

12 o’clock

12

12

12*

2 o’clock

2

2

2*

3 o’clock

3

3

3*

4 o’clock

4

4

4*

Right

-

81

81

Right-Front Half/Side

-

82

82

Right-Back Half/Side

-

83

83

8 o’clock

8

8

8*

9 o’clock

9

9

9*

10 o’clock

10

10

10*

Left

-

61

61

Left-Front Half/Side

-

62

62

Left-Back Half/Side

-

63

63

5 o’clock

5

5

5*

6 o’clock

6

6

6*

7 o’clock

7

7

7*

Top

13

13

13*

Undercarriage

14

14

14*

-

-

-

-

-

-

Underride
Override

15
(since 1980)
16
(since 1982)

Special Condition:
This vehicle set something in
motion causing injury of
damage (not a clock value)
Cargo/Vehicle Parts
Set-In-Motion
Other Objects Set-In-Motion
Not Reported
Unknown

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Classification

Non-Collision
Front

Right Side /
Side

Left Side /
Side

Rear

Other
18
(since 2004)

-

18

-

-

-

-

-

98
99*

18
(since 2013)
19
(since 2013)
98

Unknown

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Impact

Appendix D:
Additional Data Element Information

(continued)

Note: In 2010, “Initial Point of Impact” and “Principal Point of Impact” became “Area of ImpactInitial Damaged Area” and “Area of Impact- Most Damaged Area”. In 2012, “Area of ImpactInitial Damaged Area” became “Initial Contact Point” and “Area of Impact- Most Damaged Area”
was discontinued. It was replaced with Damaged Areas which records all damaged areas to the
vehicle in the Damage data file. The applicable attributes for this element are marked with an
asterisk in the table (*).
2010-Later
Areas of Impact- Initial/Most Damaged (2010-2011)
Initial Contact Point (2012-Later)

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Impact

Appendix D:
Additional Data Element Information

(continued)

1975-2009
Initial Impact Point and Principal Impact Point

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Appendices • 508

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Impact

Appendix D:
Additional Data Element Information

(continued)

1975-Later
Impact Points

Right Side

Left Side
Source: FARS Coding Manual

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Appendices • 509

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Impact

Appendix D:
Additional Data Element Information

(continued)
Data element 13 Examples

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FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix D:
Additional Data Element Information

VIN Weight- Auto
FARS collects information on the weight of cars involved in fatal crashes. Vehicle weight is not
generally available for light trucks, however, the weight data element, WGTCD_TR, is. NHTSA
often partitions car weight into six classes. This has been done in An Analysis of Fires in
Passenger Cars, Light Trucks, and Vans, Tessmer, DOT HS 808 208, 1994; Passenger Car
Weight and Injury Severity in Single-Vehicle Nonrollover Crashes, Partyka and Boehly, 1989;
ESV Report 89-2b-O-005 and Development of Databases in Support of an Analysis of Fire
Incidence Using the Fatal Accident Reporting System, Walz and Klein, September 14, 1993.
The partition is defined as:

Car Weight Classes
Class

Weight Range in Pounds

Class 1

Car Weight < 1,950

Class 2

1,950  Car Weight < 2,450

Class 3

2,450  Car Weight < 2,950

Class 4

2,950  Car Weight < 3,450

Class 5

3,450  Car Weight < 3,950

Class 6

3,950  Car Weight

Note: If you are going to use this data element as a continuous data element, consider defining
a new data element, say AUTO_WT as AUTO_WT = VIN_WT/1000. That is, AUTO_WT is the
weight of the car in 1,000s of lbs. Its coefficient is less likely to be zero.
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Appendix D:
Additional Data Element Information

Vehicle Identification Number (VIN)
Data elements = VIN_1 ... VIN_12 The 1st to 12th character of the vehicle identification
number
The first character of the VIN usually identifies the country or Nation of Origin; the most common
are:
VIN_1 =
1
U.S.
2
Canada
3
Mexico
J
Japan
K
Korea
L
Taiwan
S
England
VF
France (V for Europe, F for France)
W
West Germany
Y
Sweden
Z
Italy
1981-Later
The second and third characters of the VIN, more or less, identify the make of the vehicle; the
most common AUTOMOBILE makes are:
VIN_2|VIN_3 =
2A - AVANTI
A3 - MITSUBISHI
AB - ISUZU
AJ - JAGUAR
AM - MASERATI (IF
VIN_1 = Z)
AM - AMERICAN
MOTORS (IF
VIN_1 = 1)
AR - ALPHA ROMEO
AW - AUDI
AX - STERLING
B3 - DODGE
BA - BMW
BB - BERTONE
C3 - CHRYSLER
CA - ROLLS ROYCE
CC - LOTUS
CE - DELOREAN
CF - ASTON MARTIN
DB - MERCEDES
BENZ

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

E3 - EAGLE
F1 - EAGLE
MEDALLION
(IF VIN_1 = V
SEE
RENAULT)
F1 - MERKUR (IF
VIN_1 = W)
F1 - RENAULT (IF
VIN_1 = V
SEE EAGLE
MEDALLION)
F1 - SUBARU (IF
VIN_1 = J)
F3 - PEUGEOT
FA - FORD (IF VIN_1
= 1)
FA - FIAT (IF VIN_1 =
Z)
FF - FERRARI
FR - PININFARINA
G1 - CHEVROLET

G2 - PONTIAC
G3 - OLDSMOBILE
G4 - BUICK
G6 - CADILLAC
G8 - SATURN
H4 - ACURA
HM - HONDA
JC - JEEP
LN - LINCOLN
M1 - MAZDA
ME - MERCURY
MH - HYUNDAI
N1 - NISSAN
P3 - PLYMOUTH
PO - PORSCHE
S3 - SAAB
S3 - SUZUKI
T2 - TOYOTA
V1 - VOLVO
VW - VOLKSWAGEN

Appendices • 512

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Vehicle Identification Number (VIN)

Appendix D:
Additional Data Element Information

(continued)

1981-Later
The 10th letter or number of the VIN tells you the model year of the vehicle. Note that this may
be different from when it was manufactured, as many automobile manufacturers start to
produce next year’s model this year. Find the model year by matching the 10th digit of your VIN
to the table below:
VIN_10 =
VIN (1st Run)
A = 1980
B = 1981
C = 1982
D = 1983
E = 1984
F = 1985
G = 1986
H = 1987
J = 1988
K = 1989
L = 1990
M = 1991
N = 1992
P = 1993
R = 1994
S = 1995
T = 1996
V = 1997
W = 1998
X = 1999
Y = 2000
1 = 2001
2 = 2002
3 = 2003
4 = 2004
5 = 2005
6 = 2006
7 = 2007
8 = 2008
9 = 2009

VIN (2nd Run)
A = 2010
B = 2011
C = 2012
D = 2013
E = 2014
F = 2015
G = 2016
H = 2017
J = 2018
K = 2019
L = 2020
M = 2021
N = 2022
P = 2023
R = 2024
S = 2025
T = 2026
V = 2027
W = 2028
X = 2029
Y = 2030
1 = 2031
2 = 2032
3 = 2033
4 = 2034
5 = 2035
6 = 2036
7 = 2037
8 = 2038
9 = 2039

As shown, each letter or number has been assigned to two different years. To find out which
one applies, compare it to the 7th letter or number in the VIN. If the 7th VIN position is a letter,
then the vehicle is made in 2010 through 2039. If the 7th VIN position is a number, then the
vehicle is made prior to 2010.
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Appendix D:
Additional Data Element Information

Driver License Status/Type
NHTSA’S Driver License Status & Non-CDL Status
Classification
(L_STATUS)
Valid
Invalid
Unknown

Data Year and Code
1975-1981

1982-1986

1987-1992

1993-2003

2004-2010

2011-Later

0, 3, 7

0, 2, 7-8

5-8

6-8

6

6

1-2, 4-6

1, 3-6

0-4

0-4

0-4

0-4

9

9

9

9

9

7, 9

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Appendix D:
Additional Data Element Information

Driver License Type Compliance
NHTSA’S Driver License Type Compliance
Data Year and Code
Classification

1982-1986
(L_CL_VEH)

1987-1992
(L_COMPL)

1993-Later
(L_COMPL)

Valid

0, 2, 4

1, 3

1, 3

Invalid

1, 3, 5

0, 2

0, 2

9

9

6 (since 2011),
7 (2010-2011),
8, 9

Unknown

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Appendix D:
Additional Data Element Information

Police Pursuits
A pursuit is an event that is initiated when a law enforcement officer, operating an authorized
emergency vehicle, gives notice to stop (either through the use of visual or audible emergency
signals or a combination of emergency devices) to a motorist who the officer is attempting to
apprehend and that motorist fails to comply with the signal by either maintaining his/her speed,
increasing speed or taking other evasive action to allude the officer’s continued attempts to stop
the motorist.
Police Pursuits
Data Year and Codes

Classification
Related Factors- Crash Level

1982-1993
CF1, CF2, CF3

Police Pursuit Involved
Related Factors- Driver Level

1994-Later

-

20

DR_CF1, DR_CF2, DR_CF3 (1982-2009)
DR_CF4 (1997-2009)
DR_SF1, DR_SF2, DR_SF3, DR_SF4 (2010-Later)

High Speed Chase with Police in
Pursuit
Police Pursuing this Driver or Police
Officer in Pursuit

37

-

-

37

FARS 1982-1993
If at least one driver in a crash has a “Related Factor-Driver Level” of High Speed Chase with
Police in Pursuit (37) then that crash is considered a “police pursuit” crash and all fatalities in
that crash are considered “fatalities in crashes involving police in pursuit.”
(DR_CF1=37) or (DR_CF2=37) or( DR_CF3=37)
Specific fatality types in a “police pursuit” crash can be identified as follows:
1.
2.

3.
4.

occupant of police vehicle - all occupants (PER_TYP IN (1,2,9)) of special use
vehicle police (SPEC_USE=5)
occupant of chased vehicle - all occupants (PER_TYP IN (1,2,9)) of vehicle with
a driver having a “driver related factor” of high speed chase with police in pursuit
(DR_CF1=37 OR DR_CF2=37 OR DR_CF3=37)
occupant of other vehicle - all other occupants (PER_TYP IN (1,2,9)) - excludes
occupant of police vehicle and chased vehicle
non-occupant - pedestrians, pedalcyclists, and other non-occupants (PER_TYP
IN (3,4,5,6,7,8))

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Appendices • 516

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Police Pursuits

Appendix D:
Additional Data Element Information

(continued)

FARS 1994 and later
If a crash has a “Related Factor- Accident Level” of Police Pursuit Involved (20) or a driver in the
crash has a “Related Factor-Driver Level” of High Speed Chase with Police in Pursuit (37), then
that crash is considered a “police pursuit crash” and all fatalities in that crash are considered
“fatalities in crashes involving police in pursuit.”
(CF1=20) or (CF2=20) or (CF3=20) or (DR_CF1=37) or (DR_CF2=37) or (DR_CF3=37)
(or (DR_CF4=37) since 1997)
Note that data elements DR_CF1-DR_CF4 were renamed to DR_SF1-DR_SF4 in 2010.
Specific fatality types can be identified as follows:
1.
2.

3.
4.
5.

occupant of police vehicle - all occupants (PER_TYP IN (1,2,9)) of special use
vehicle police (SPEC_USE=5)
occupant of chased vehicle - all occupants (PER_TYP IN (1,2,9)) of vehicle with
a driver having a driver related factor of high speed chase with police in pursuit
(DR_CF1=37 or DR_CF2=37 or DR_CF3=37 (or (DR_CF4=37) since 1997)).
occupant of other vehicle - all other occupants (PER_TYP IN (1,2,9)) - excludes
occupant of police vehicle and chased vehicle
non-occupant - pedestrians, pedalcyclists, and other non-occupants
(PER_TYP IN (3,4,5,6,7,8,10,19))
unknown - (PER_TYP=99), this code existed for one year – 1996

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Appendices • 517

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Appendix D:
Additional Data Element Information

Speeding
A fatal crash is “speeding” related if any of the following applies:
1.
At least one driver involved in the crash had a speeding related “Related FactorDriver Level.” Note that in 2009 the “Related Factor-Driver Level” attributes
associated with speeding related were deleted and a new data element, “Speed
Related,” was introduced to capture this information. The element name was
changed in 2013 to “Speeding Related.”
2.
At least one driver involved in the crash had a speeding related “Violations
Charged.”
Note: This definition was revised in 2002. The previous definition for “speeding” only looked at
“Related Factor-Driver Level.” By expanding the definition to include “Violations Charged,”
“speeding” fatal crashes and fatalities increase by less than one percent.
Fatal speeding-related crashes are not captured prior to 1982 using this scheme because
“Violations Charged” did not identify speeding violations prior to 1982. This method only applies
to 1982 through 2008 data.
Data Year and Codes

NHTSA’s Speeding Convention
1982-1996
1. Related Factor- Driver Level

1997

2008

DR_CF1, DR_CF2, DR_CF3, DR_CF4 (DR_CF4 added in 1997)

Driving too fast for conditions or in
excess of the posted maximum
Driving too fast for conditions

44

Driving in Excess of Posted Maximum
Racing

1998-2007

43

-

44

Speeding

2

46
VIOLCHG1, VIOLCHG2,
VIOLCHG3 (starting in 2002)
-

Alcohol or drugs and speeding

3

-

Racing

-

21

Speeding (above the speed limit)
Speed greater than reasonable and
prudent (not necessarily over the limit)
Exceeding special speed limit (e.g.: for
trucks, buses, cycles, or on bridge, in
school zone, etc.)
Energy speed (exceeding 55 mph, nonpointable)
Speed related violations generally

-

22

-

23

-

24

-

25

-

29

2. Violations Charged

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

-

-

VIOL_CHG

Appendices • 518

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Speeding

Appendix D:
Additional Data Element Information

(continued)

A “Speeding Related” data element was added to the Vehicle file in 2009. A crash is “speeding”
related if at least one driver involved in the crash was “Speeding Related” Yes. Only the “Speed
Related” data element needs to be considered for 2009 and later data.
Data Year and
Codes
2009-2012

Classification

No

0

Not Speeding

Yes (includes the following):
• Speed greater than reasonable or prudent
(not necessarily over the limit)
• Driving too fast for conditions
• Speeding (above the speed limit)
• Exceeding special limit (e.g.; for trucks,
buses, cycles, on bridge, at night, in school
zone, etc.)
• Racing

1

Speeding

No Driver Present/Unknown if Driver Present

8
(2011-2012)

Not Speeding

9

Unknown

NHTSA’s Speeding Convention

Unknown

The “Speeding Related” data element was expanded in 2013.
Data Year and
Codes
2013-Later

Classification

No

0

Not Speeding

Yes, Racing

2

Yes, Exceeded Speed Limit

3

Yes, Too Fast for Conditions

4

Yes, Specifics Unknown

5

Unknown

9

NHTSA’s Speeding Convention

Speeding

Unknown

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Appendices • 519

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix D:
Additional Data Element Information

Alcohol
References:
Subramanian, R. (2002) Transitioning to Multiple Imputation: A New Method to Estimate Missing
BAC in FARS, Report DOT-HS-809-403, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration,
Department of Transportation.
https://crashstats.nhtsa.dot.gov/Api/Public/ViewPublication/809403
(This report has detailed tabulations of the extent of alcohol involvement from 1982 to 2000
using estimates generated with both the old and new methods. Alcohol Involvement is reported
according to various categories of interest (age, sex, time of day, day of week, etc.)
Rubin, D.B., Schafer, J.L., and Subramanian, R. (1998) Multiple Imputation of Missing Blood
Alcohol Concentration (BAC) values in FARS, Report DOT-HS-808-816, National Highway
Traffic Safety Administration, Department of Transportation.
https://crashstats.nhtsa.dot.gov/Api/Public/ViewPublication/808816
(This report presents an in-depth technical view of the Multiple Imputation process and its
implementation in the FARS. Detailed specifications of the statistical models used to estimate
missing BACs are provided. Examples are also given of how the new data can be analyzed and
used in models.)
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Appendices • 520

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix D:
Additional Data Element Information

Alcohol Test Result
MAPPING OF BAC VALUES
In 2015, the Alcohol Test Results element changed from a 2-digit field to a 3-digit field. Prior to
2015, the 3rd digit was truncated – not rounded. The following table shows the translation for
the 3-digit 2015 BAC values to the previously reported 2-digit BAC values:

BAC

2014
Code

2015
Code

BAC

2014
Code

2015
Code

BAC .00
BAC .01
BAC .02
BAC .03
BAC .04
BAC .05
BAC .06
BAC .07
BAC .08
BAC .09
BAC .10
BAC .11
BAC .12
BAC .13
BAC .14
BAC .15
BAC .16
BAC .17
BAC .18
BAC .19
BAC .20
BAC .21
BAC .22
BAC .23
BAC .24
BAC .25
BAC .26
BAC .27
BAC .28
BAC .29
BAC .30
BAC .31

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31

0-9
10-19
20-29
30-39
40-49
50-59
60-69
70-79
80-89
90-99
100-109
110-119
120-129
130-139
140-149
150-159
160-169
170-179
180-189
190-199
200-209
210-219
220-229
230-239
240-249
250-259
260-269
270-279
280-289
290-299
300-309
310-319

BAC .32
BAC .33
BAC .34
BAC .35
BAC .36
BAC .37
BAC .38
BAC .39
BAC .40
BAC .41
BAC .42
BAC .43
BAC .44
BAC .45
BAC .46
BAC .47
BAC .48
BAC .49
BAC .50
BAC .51
BAC .52
BAC .53
BAC .54
BAC .55
BAC .56
BAC .57
BAC .58
BAC .59
BAC .60
BAC .61
BAC .62
BAC .63

32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63

320-329
330-339
340-349
350-359
360-369
370-379
380-389
390-399
400-409
410-419
420-429
430-439
440-449
450-459
460-469
470-479
480-489
490-499
500-509
510-519
520-529
530-539
540-549
550-559
560-569
570-579
580-589
590-599
600-609
610-619
620-629
630-639

Alcohol Test Result (contd.)
Not Reported
Test Not Given
AC Test Performed, Results Unknown
Positive Reading with No Actual Value
Unknown if Tested

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

BAC

2014
Code

2015
Code

BAC .64
BAC .65
BAC .66
BAC .67
BAC .68
BAC .69
BAC .70
BAC .71
BAC .72
BAC .73
BAC .74
BAC .75
BAC .76
BAC .77
BAC .78
BAC .79
BAC .80
BAC .81
BAC .82
BAC .83
BAC .84
BAC .85
BAC .86
BAC .87
BAC .88
BAC .89
BAC .90
BAC .91
BAC .92
BAC .93
BAC .94+

64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94

640-649
650-659
660-669
670-679
680-689
690-699
700-709
710-719
720-729
730-739
740-749
750-759
760-769
770-779
780-789
790-799
800-809
810-819
820-829
830-839
840-849
850-859
860-869
870-879
880-889
890-899
900-909
910-919
920-929
930-939
940

2014 code

2015 code

95
96
97
98
99

995
996
997
998
999

Appendices • 521

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Alcohol Test Result

Appendix D:
Additional Data Element Information

(continued)
Data Year and Code

FARS Description

1975-1990

1991-2008

2009

(TEST_RES)
.00 - Actual Value

2010-2014

2015-Later

(ALC_RES)

0

0

0

0

0-9

1-93

1-93

1-93

1-93

10-939

94

94

94

94

940

-

98
(new in
2004)

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

17

Test Refused

95

-

-

-

-

None Given

96

96

96

96

996

.01-.93 – Actual
Value
.94 or Greater
Preliminary Breath
Test (PBT) positive
reading with no
actual value
Positive Reading
with No Actual
Value

AC Test Performed,
Results Unknown
Unknown if Tested /
Not Reported
Not Reported

Classification

97

97

97

97

997

99

99

99

99

999

-

-

-

95

995

No
Alcohol

Positive
BAC

Tested
with
Known
Results

Not
Tested
Tested,
with
Unknown
Results

Unknown
BAC

Unknown
if Tested

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Appendices • 522

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Appendix D:
Additional Data Element Information

Ejection
NHTSA’S Ejection
Classification (EJECTION)
Not Ejected
Ejected
Unknown

Data Year and Data element
1975-2006

2007-Later

0

0, 8

1, 2

1, 2, 3

9

9,
7 (since in 2010)

Return

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Appendices • 523

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix D:
Additional Data Element Information

Person Type
Data Year and Code
FARS Description
(PER_TYP)

19751981

19821993

19942004

20052006

2007Later

Driver of a motor vehicle intransport

1

1

1

1

1

Passenger of a motor vehicle intransport

2

2

2

2

2

Unknown occupant type of a
motor vehicle in-transport (1)

9

9

9

9

9

Occupant of a motor vehicle not
in-transport (2)

-

3

3

3

3

Occupant of a non-motor vehicle
transport device (3)

5

4

4

4

4

Pedestrian

3

5

5

5

5

6

6

6

6

7

7

7

7

Classification

Occupants
Driver

Passenger

Non-occupants

Other non-occupant

Bicyclist
4
Other cyclist

Pedestrian

Pedalcyclist

Other or unknown non-occupant

8

8

-

-

-

Other pedestrian (4)

-

-

8

-

-

Other persons on personal
conveyances/ vehicles (5)

-

-

-

8

-

Persons on personal
conveyances (6)

-

-

-

-

8

Persons in/on buildings (6)

-

-

-

-

10

Unknown type of non-occupant

-

-

19

19

19

Unknown person type (7)

-

-

99

-

-

Not Reported*

-

-

-

-

88 (2010)

Other/unknown
non-occupant

Other non-occupant

Unknown nonoccupant type

Unknown
Unknown person
type

*Not reported was introduced in 2010 although none appeared on the file in 2010. This attribute was deleted in 2011.

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Appendices • 524

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix D:
Additional Data Element Information

Person Type (continued)
Note: The early data has been modified to fit this format. For example, from 1975 to 1977 there
was a value for fatal crashes involving a non-motorist in an animal drawn vehicle. This data has
been reclassified into one of the values below.
(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

Customarily, “Unknown Occupant” is placed in the “Passenger” category, unless they need to be
distinguished from “Passengers”.
“Occupant of motor vehicle not in-transport” refers to occupants of parked motor vehicles (any motor
vehicle stopped off the roadway). In 2005, this definition was expanded to include parked/stopped off
roadway/working motor vehicles and occupants of motor vehicles in motion outside the trafficway
boundaries. Prior to 2005, occupants of working motor vehicles (working highway maintenance
vehicles, cherry pickers, etc.) were coded “08.” At that time, code “08” was labeled “Other
Pedestrians.”
“Occupant of non-motor vehicle transport device” refers to persons riding in an animal-drawn
conveyance, on an animal, or injured occupants of railway trains, etc.
The code for “other pedestrians (08)” was created in FARS in 1994. This code was the result of
further detailing the previous coding of “other or unknown non-occupant (8)” as 1) other pedestrians
and 2) unknown non-occupant. Since it is not possible to differentiate “other pedestrians” from
“unknown non-occupants” prior to 1994, we have kept them in the “other non-occupant“ category for
consistency across data years. “Other pedestrians” is used for occupant of a transport device used as
equipment (working highway maintenance trucks, cherry pickers, etc.), pedestrians using
conveyances, and people in buildings. Examples of pedestrian conveyances are skateboard riders,
people in wheelchairs, people on roller skates, and sled riders.
Prior to 2005, code “08” was labeled “Other Pedestrians” and also included occupants of motor
vehicles used as equipment (working highway maintenance vehicles, cherry pickers, etc.). For
occupants of working motor vehicles, see code “03.”
Prior to 2007, code “08” included persons in buildings. For persons in buildings, see code “10 –
Persons In/On Buildings.”
“Unknown person type” existed in data years 1995 and 1996 only. It was found that this attribute did
not add any value to the data element.

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Appendices • 525

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix D:
Additional Data Element Information

Restraint System/Helmet Use
Data Year and Code
FARS Description

1975-1990

1991-1993

1994-2007

(MAN_REST)
None used
(vehicle occupant)
or Not applicable
(non-occupant)
Not Applicable –
no restraint
available in seat
position of
occupant (ex.
sleeper cab or
exterior)
None Used –
vehicle occupant

2008-2009

2010-2012

2013-Later

(REST_USE)

0

0

0

0

-

-

-

-

-

-

0

0
Not Used

-

-

-

-

7

7

Helmets used
improperly

-

-

15

15

(5, 16) and
*REST_MIS
=1

No helmet

-

-

-

-

17

(5, 16, 19)
and
*REST_MIS
=1
17

Shoulder belt

1

1

1

1

1

1

Lap belt
Lap and
shoulder belt
Child safety seat
Child Safety/
Booster Seat –
Type Unknown/
Not Reported
Child Safety Seat –
Forward Facing
Child Safety Seat –
Rear Facing
Booster Seat (with
lap/shoulder belt
used properly)
Motorcycle helmet

2

2

2

2

2

2

3

3

3

3

3

3

4

4

4

-

-

-

-

-

-

4

4

4

-

-

-

10

10

10

-

-

-

11

11

11
Used

-

-

-

12

12

12

5

5

5

5

5 and
*REST_MIS
=0
16 and
*REST_MIS
=0

5 and
*REST_MIS
=0
(16, 19) and
*REST_MIS
=0

8

8

8

8

8

8

DOT-Compliant
motorcycle helmet
Other/Unknown
Helmet
Restraint used type unknown or
other including
other helmet

Classification

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendices • 526

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Restraint System/Helmet Use

Appendix D:
Additional Data Element Information

(continued)
Data Year and Code

FARS Description

1975-1990

1991-1993

1994-2007

(MAN_REST)
Safety belt used
improperly
Child safety
seat/booster seat
used improperly
Bicycle Helmet
Other
Unknown if used
Unknown if helmet
worn
Not Reported

2008-2009

2010-2012

2013-Later

Classification

(REST_USE)
-

13

13

-

-

-

14

14

-

-

-

6

6

-

-

-

-

-

97

97

99

99

99

99

9

9

29
98

Unknown

98

*Improperly used helmets are classified as “Not Used.” In 2010, the Restraint/Helmet Mis-Use (REST_MIS) data
element was introduced and “Improperly Used” attributes were removed from the Restraint Use (REST_USE) data
element.
Historically, child safety seat used improperly was classified as ”Not Used” in FARS. In June of 2003, this attribute
was re-classified as USED. All other improperly used restraint systems were placed in categories as appropriate.
The majority of restraint usage analysis focuses on 1) child safety seat or belt use for passenger vehicle occupants
or; 2) helmet use for motorcyclists. Be sure to include the appropriate body types in your selection criteria - see the
section on Vehicle Body Type Classification.

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Appendices • 527

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix D:
Additional Data Element Information

Seating Position
Starting in 2003 Person Level Forms are submitted for uninjured occupants of van-based buses.
1982-Later
Seating Position

* For van-based buses, use the actual seating position if known, or use data element 51 for the
second, third, and fourth rows, if actual seating position is not known.
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Appendices • 528

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix E:
Changes in FARS Data Elements by SAS Data File and Year

Appendix E:
Changes in FARS Data Elements by SAS Data File and Year
The tables below show each year a change was made to a data element. Elements are shown
within the data set in which they can be found. Elements that appear in more than one data set
are shown within the primary data set to which they belong. For example, MOD_YEAR is a
Vehicle level element (V12. Vehicle Model Year) but it is also provided in the Person data file as
a courtesy. Therefore, changes to this data element will only be found in the Vehicle table
below.
This is a note for how to read the tables below:
The first row in which the letter “A” appears is the first year that data element was coded. If the
letter “A” appears through the column there have been no significant changes in the way in
which the data element has been coded. If the letter “B” appears in a column, there has been a
significant change in the way the data element has been coded. The first row, which contains
the letter “B,” indicates which year the first change was made. The letter “C” indicates the year
the second change was made, and so on.

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendices • 529

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix E:
Changes in FARS Data Elements by SAS Data File and Year

Year

ALIGNMNT

ARR_HOUR

ARR_MIN

C_M_ZONE

CF1,
CF2,
CF3

CITY

CL_TWAY

COUNTY

DAY

DAY_WEEK

DRUNK_DR

FATALS

FED_AID

FUNC_SYS

Accident Data Set

1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
-

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C

A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
-

A
A
A
A
B
B
B
C
D
D
D
D
D
E
F
F
F
F
F
G
H
H
H
H
I
I
I
J
J
J
K
L
L
M
M
M
M
N
O
O
O
O

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B

A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
-

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
-

A
A

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendices • 530

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix E:
Changes in FARS Data Elements by SAS Data File and Year

Year

HARM_EV

HIT_RUN

HOSP_HR

HOSP_MIN

HOUR

LAND_USE

LATTITUDE

LGT_COND

LONGITUD

MAN_COLL

MILEPT

MINUTE

MONTH

NHS

NO_LANES

Accident Data Set (continued)

1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016

A
A
A
A
B
B
B
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
D
E
E
E
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
G
H
H
H
I
I
J
K
L
M
M
M
N

A
A
B
B
B
B
B
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
D
E
F
G
G
H
H
-

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
C
C
C
C
C
C
C

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
-

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B

A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
C
D
D
D
D
D
D
D

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B

A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
C
C
C
D
D
D
D
D
E
E
E
E
E
E
E

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
C
C
C
C
C
C
C

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
-

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendices • 531

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix E:
Changes in FARS Data Elements by SAS Data File and Year

Year

NOT_HOUR

NOT_MIN

PAVE_TYP

PEDS

PERMVIT

PERNOMVIT

PERSONS

PROFILE

PVH_INVL

RAIL

RD_OWNER

REL_JUNC

RELJCT1

RELJCT2

REL_ROAD

Accident Data Set (continued)

1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
-

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B

A
A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
-

A
A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A

A
A

A
A
A
B
C
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
-

A
A
A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
B
C
C
C

A
A
A
A
A
B
B
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
D
D
D
E
E
E
E
E
E
F
F
F
G
G
G
G
G
G
G

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendices • 532

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix E:
Changes in FARS Data Elements by SAS Data File and Year

Year

ROAD_FLO

ROAD_FNC

ROUTE

RUR_URB

SCH_BUS

SP_JUR

SP_LIMIT

ST_CASE

STATE

SUR_COND

T_CONT_F

TA_1_CL

TRA_CONT

TRAF_FLO

TWAY_FLO

Accident Data Set (continued)

1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
-

A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
-

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A

A
A

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
C
C
C
C

A
B
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D

A
A
B
B
C
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
-

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
-

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
-

A
A
A
A
-

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
-

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
-

A
A
A
A
A
-

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendices • 533

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix E:
Changes in FARS Data Elements by SAS Data File and Year

Year

TWAY_ID

TWAY_ID2

TYP_INT

VE_FORMS

VE_TOTAL

VEHICLES

WEATHER

WEATHER1,
WEATHER2

WRK_ZONE

YEAR

Accident Data Set (continued)

1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
C
C
C
C
C

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B

A
A
A
B
B
B
B

A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C

A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B

A
A
A
A
A
A
-

A
A
A
A
A
B
B
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
D
D
D
E
E
E
F
F
F
F

A
A
A
B
B
B
C
C
C
C

A
B
B
C
C
C
C
C

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendices • 534

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix E:
Changes in FARS Data Elements by SAS Data File and Year

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
-

-

-

A
A
-

A
-

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
C
C
C
C
C
C
C

DISPLACE

A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
C
D
E
E
E
E
E

DEFORMED

A
A
-

A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
C
C
C
C
C
C
D
D
E
F
F
F
G
G
G
G

DEATHS

-

D_VISION1,
D_VISION2,
D_VISION3

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B

CYLINDER

A
A
A
A
A
B
B
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
D
D
E
F
F
F
G
H
H
H
I
I
J
K
K
K
K
L
L
M
N
O
P
P
P
P

CHAS_TR

CARBUR

A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
-

CDL_STAT

BUS_USE

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
-

CARGO_BT

BODY_TYP

A
A
A
B
B
B
B

AXLES

-

AVOID

1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016

ACC_TYPE

Year

Vehicle Data Set

A
A
-

Appendices • 535

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix E:
Changes in FARS Data Elements by SAS Data File and Year

DR_SF1 –
DR_SF4

DR_TRAIN

A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
C
C
C
D
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E

A
A
B
B
C
D
D

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
-

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

-

FIRST_YR

DR_PRES

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
C
D
D
D
D
D
D

FIRST_MO

DR_HGT

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B

FIRE_EXP

DR_DRINK

A
S
S
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
I
J
K
-

EMER_USE

DR_CF4

A
A
A
B
C
C
C
D
D
D
D
E
E
E
E
E
F
F
F
G
H
H
H
I
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
P
Q
R
-

DR_ZIP

DR_CF1,
DR_CF2,
DR_CF3

1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016

DR_WGT

Year

Vehicle Data Set (continued)

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
C
D
D
D

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
C
C

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
C
C
C
C
D
D

Appendices • 536

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix E:
Changes in FARS Data Elements by SAS Data File and Year

Year

FLDCD_TR

FUELCODE

GWVR

HAZ_CARG

HAZ_CNO

HAZ_ID

HAZ_INV

HAZ_PLAC

HAZ_REL

HIT_RUN

IMPACT1

IMPACT2

IMPACTS

J_KNIFE

Vehicle Data Set (continued)

1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
-

A
A
A
-

A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
-

A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A

A
A
B
B
B
B
B
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
D
E
F
G
G
H
H
I
J
J
K
K
K
K
K

A
A
A
A
A
B
B
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
E
E
E
E
E
E
F
F
G
H
H
H
H

A
A
A
A
A
B
B
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
E
E
E
E
E
E
F
F
-

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
-

-

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B

Appendices • 537

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix E:
Changes in FARS Data Elements by SAS Data File and Year

L_COMPL

L_ENDORS

L_RESTRI

L_STATE

L_STATUS

L_TYPE

LAST_MO

LAST_YR

M_HARM

MAK_MOD

MAKE

MCARR_I1,
MCARR_I2

MCARR_ID

1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016

L_CL_VEH

Year

Vehicle Data Set (continued)

A
A
A
A
A
-

A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
C
D
E
E
E
E
E

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
C
D
D
D
D
D

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
C
D
D
D
D
D

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
C
C
D
E
E
E
E
E
E
E

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
C
C
C
C
C
C
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
E
E
E
E
E
E
F
G
G
G
G
G
G

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
C
C

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
C
C
C
C
D
D

A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
C
D
D
D
E
F
F
F
F
F
F
G
H
H
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
N
N
O

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
C
C
C
C
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
C
D
D
D
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
F
G
H
I
I
I
I

A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B

-

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendices • 538

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix E:
Changes in FARS Data Elements by SAS Data File and Year

MCYCL_DS

MCYCL_TY

MCYCL_WT

MOD_YEAR

MODEL

NUMOCCS

OCUPANTS

OWNER

P_CRASH1

P_CRASH2

P_CRASH3

PCRASH4

PCRASH5

1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016

MCYCL_CY

Year

Vehicle Data Set (continued)

-

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
-

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
-

-

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
C
C
C
C
C
C
C

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
C
C
C
C
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
-

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B

A
B
B
C
C
C
C

A
B
B
B
B
C
D

A
A
A
B
B
B
C

A
A
A
B
B
B
B

A
A
A
B
B
B
B

A
A
-

A
A
-

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendices • 539

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix E:
Changes in FARS Data Elements by SAS Data File and Year

Year

PREV_ACC

PREV_DWI

PREV_OTH

PREV_SPD

PREV_SUS

REG_STAT

ROLINLOC

ROLLOVER

SEQ1, SEQ2,
SEQ3, SEQ4,
SEQ5, SEQ6

SER_TR

SPEC_USE

SPEEDREL

TIRE_SZE

Vehicle Data Set (continued)

1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
C
C
C
C
D
D

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
C
C
C
C
D
D

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
C
C
C
C
D
D

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
C
C
C
C
D
D

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
C
C
C
C
D
D

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
C
C
C
C
D
D
E
E
E
E
E
E
E

A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B

A
B
B
B
C
C
-

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
-

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
C
C
D
E
E
E
E

A
A
B
B
C
C
C
C

A
A
-

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendices • 540

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix E:
Changes in FARS Data Elements by SAS Data File and Year

Year

TON_RAT

TOW_VEH

TOWAWAY

TOWED

TRAV_SP

TRK_WT

TRLR1VIN

TRLR2VIN

TRLR3VIN

UNDERIDE

UNITTYPE

V_CONFIG

VALIGN

VEH_CF1,
VEH_CF2

Vehicle Data Set (continued)

1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016

A
A
-

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
D
D
D
D
D
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E

A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
-

A
B
B
C
D
D
D
D

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B

A
A
-

A

A

A

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B

A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
C
C
C
C
C
C
D
D
D
E
E
E
F
F
F
F

A
A
A
B
B
B
B

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
C
C
C
D
E
F
G
H
H
I
J
J
K
L
M
-

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendices • 541

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix E:
Changes in FARS Data Elements by SAS Data File and Year

Year

VEH_MAN

VEH_NO

VEH_SC1,
VEH_SC2

VIN

VIN_1 –
VIN_10

VIN_11 –
VIN_12

VIN_BT

VIN_LNGT

VIN_REST

VIN_WGT

VINA_MOD

VINMAKE

VINMODYR

VINTYPE

Vehicle Data Set (continued)

1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
-

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B

A
A
A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
C
D
D
D
D
D
D
D

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
-

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
-

A
A
-

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
-

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
-

A
A
A
-

A
A
A
-

A
A
A
-

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendices • 542

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix E:
Changes in FARS Data Elements by SAS Data File and Year

Year

VIOL_CHG

VIOLCHG1
VIOLCHG2
VIOLCHG3

VNUM_LAN

VPAVETYP

VPROFILE

VSPD_LIM

VSURCOND

VTCONT_F

VTRAFCON

VTRAFWAY

WGTCD_TR

WHLBS_LG

WHLBS_SH

WHLDRWHL

Vehicle Data Set (continued)

1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
-

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
-

A
A
A
B
B
B
B

A
A
A
B
B
B
B

A
A
A
B
B
B
B

A
B
B
C
C
C
D

A
A
A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
A
A
A
A

A
B
B
B
B
B
B

A
A
A
B
B
B
B

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
-

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
-

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
-

A
A
-

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendices • 543

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix E:
Changes in FARS Data Elements by SAS Data File and Year

ACL_RES

ACL_STATUS

AIR_BAG

ALC_DET

ATST_TYP

AUT_REST

CERT_NO

DEATH_DA

DEATH_HR

DEATH_MN

DEATH_MO

DEATH_TM

DEATH_YR

DOA

1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016

AGE

Year

Person Data Set

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
C
C
C
C
C
C
C

A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
C
C
C
C
C
D
E
E
E
E
E
F
F

A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
C
C
D
D
E
F
F
F
F
F
F
F

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
B
B
B
C
C
D
D
D
E
F
F
F
F
F
G
G

A
A
B
B
B
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
D
-

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
C
C
C
C
C
C
C

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendices • 544

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix E:
Changes in FARS Data Elements by SAS Data File and Year

Year

DRINKING

DRUG_DET

DRUG_RES

DRUGRES1,
DRUGRES2,
DRUGRES3

DRUGS

DRUGTEST

DRUGTST1,
DRUGTST2,
DRUGTST3

DSTATUS

EJ_PATH

EJECTION

EXTRICAT

HISPANIC

HOSPITAL

INJ_SEV

LAG_HRS

Person Data Set (continued)

1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B

A
A
-

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A

A
A
-

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B

A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
C
D
E
E
E
E
E
E
E

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A

A
B
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
C
C
C
C
C
C
D
D
D
E
E
E
E
E
E
E

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
C
C
C
D
D
D
E

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendices • 545

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix E:
Changes in FARS Data Elements by SAS Data File and Year

Year

LAG_MINS

LOCATION

MAN_REST

N_MOT_NO

P_CF1 –
P_CF3

P_SF1 –
P_SF3

PER_NO

PER_TYP

RACE

REST_MIS

REST_USE

SEAT_POS

SEX

TEST_RES

TOXCLGY

WORK_INJ

Person Data Set (continued)

1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
A
A
B
B
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
D
D
D
D
E
E
E
E
F
F
F

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
-

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
-

A
B
B
B
B
B
B
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
D
D
E
E
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
K
L
M
M
-

A
B
B
C
C
D
E

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
D
D
D
E
F
F
F
F
F
F

A
B
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C

A
A
A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
C
C
C
D
D
E
E
E
F
F
F
F

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
C
C
C
D
D
D
D
E
F
F
F
F
F
F
F

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
-

A
A
A
A
-

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendices • 546

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix E:
Changes in FARS Data Elements by SAS Data File and Year

Year

AVOID

AXLES

BODY_TYP

BUS_USE

CARGO_BT

CDL_STAT

D_VISION1,
D_VISION2,
D_VISION3

DEATHS

DEFORMED

DR_CF1,
DR_CF2,
DR_CF3

DR_CF4

DR_DRINK

DR_HGT

DR_PRES

Vehnit Data Set

2005
2006
2007
2008
2009

A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
-

A
A
A
B
B

A
A
A
A
A

A
A
B
B
C

A
A
A
A
A

A

A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
A
B

A
B
B
C
D

A
B
B
C
D

A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
A
B

A
A
A
B
C

Year

DR_WGT

DR_ZIP

EMER_USE

FIRE_EXP

FIRST_MO

FIRST_YR

FLDCD_TR

GWVR

HAZ_CARG

HAZ_CNO

HAZ_ID

HAZ_INV

HAZ_PLAC

HAZ_REL

HIT_RUN

Vehnit Data Set (continued)

2005
2006
2007
2008
2009

A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
B
C

A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
A
A

A
A
-

A
B
B

A
A
A

A
A
A

A
A
A

A
A
A

A
A
B
B
C

Year

IMPACT1

IMPACT2

IMPACTS

J_KNIFE

L_COMPL

L_ENDORS

L_RESTRI

L_STATE

L_STATUS

L_TYPE

LAST_MO

LAST_YR

M_HARM

MAK_MOD

MAKE

Vehnit Data Set (continued)

2005
2006
2007
2008
2009

A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
A
A

A
A
B
B
C

A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
B
C

A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
A
A

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendices • 547

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix E:
Changes in FARS Data Elements by SAS Data File and Year

Year

MAN_COLL

MCARR_I1,
MCARR_I2

MCARR_ID

MCYCL_DS

MOD_YEAR

MODEL

NUMOCCS

OCUPANTS

OWNER

PREV_ACC

PREV_DWI

PREV_OTH

PREV_SPD

PREV_SUS

REG_STAT

Vehnit Data Set (continued)

2005
2006
2007
2008
2009

A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A

A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
A
A

A

A
A
A
A
-

A
A
A
B
B

A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
B
B

Year

ROLINLOC

ROLLOVER

SEQ1, SEQ2,
SEQ3, SEQ4,
SEQ5, SEQ6

SER_TR

SPEC_USE

SPEEDREL

TOW_VEH

TOWAWAY

TOWED

TRAV_SP

UNDERIDE

UNITTYPE

V_CONFIG

VEH_CF1,
VEH_CF2

Vehnit Data Set (continued)

2005
2006
2007
2008
2009

A

A
A
A
A
B

A
A
A
B
B

A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
A
B

A

A
A
A
A
B

A
A
A
A
-

A

A
A
A
A
B

A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
B
B

A
A
B
B
B

A
A
B
C
D

Year

VEH_MAN

VEH_NO

VIN

VIN_1 –
VIN_12

VIN_BT

VIN_LNGT

VIN_WGT

VINA_MOD

VIOLCHG1
VIOLCHG2
VIOLCHG3

WGTCD_TR

WHLBS_LG

WHLBS_SH

Vehnit Data Set (continued)

2005
2006
2007
2008
2009

A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
A
B

A
A
A
A
B

A
A
A
A
B

A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
A
A

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendices • 548

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix E:
Changes in FARS Data Elements by SAS Data File and Year

Year

PBODYTYP

PBUS_USE

PCARGTYP

PMINUTE

PCARBUR

PCYLINDER

PDAY

PDEATHS

PDISPLACE

PEM_USE

PFIRE

PFUECODE

PGVWR

PHARM_EV

PHOUR

Parkwork Data Set

2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016

A
B
C
D
D
D
D

A
A
A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
B
B
B
B

A
A
A
A
A
A
A

A
A
-

A
A
-

A
A
A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
A
A
A
A

A
A
-

A
A
A
B
C
C
C

A
A
A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
-

A
A
A
A
A
A
A

A
B
C
D
D
D
D

A
A
A
A
A
A
A

Year

PHAZ_CNO

PHAZ_ID

PHAZ_INV

PHAZ_REL

PHAZPLAC

PHIT_RUN

PIMPACT1

PIMPACT2

PM_HARM

PMAKE

PMAK_MOD

PMAN_COLL

PMCARR_I1,
PMCARR_I2

PMCARR_ID

PMCYCL_DS

Parkwork Data Set (continued)

2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016

A
A
A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
A
A
A
A

A
A
B
B
B
B
B

A
A
B
C
C
C
C

A
A
-

A
B
C
D
D
D
E

A
B
C
D
D
D
D

A
A
A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
-

Year

PMCYCL_CY

PMCYCL_WT

PMINUTE

PMODEL

PMODYEAR

PMONTH

PNUMOCCS

POWNER

PREG_STAT

PSER_TR

PSP_USE

PTIRE_SZE

PTOWED

PTON_RAT

PTRAILER

Parkwork Data Set (continued)

2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016

A
A
-

A
A
-

A
A
A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
A
A
A
B

A
A
A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
-

A
A
B
C
C
C
C

A
A
-

A
A
A
A
A
A
A

A
A
-

A
A
A
A
A
A
A

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendices • 549

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix E:
Changes in FARS Data Elements by SAS Data File and Year

Year

PTRK_WT

PTRKWTVAR

PTRLR1VIN

PTRLR2VIN

PTRLR3VIN

PUNDERIDE

PTTYPE

PV_CONFIG

PVE_FORMS

PVEH_SEV

PVEH_SC1,
PVEH_SC2

PVIN

PVINA_MOD

PVIN_1 –
PVIN_12

PVIN_BT

Parkwork Data Set (continued)

2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016

A
A
-

A
A
-

A

A

A

A
A
B
B
B
B
B

A
A
A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
B
B
B
B

A
A
A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
A
B
B
B

A
A
A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
-

A
A
A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
-

Year

PVIN_LNGT

PVIN_REST

PVINMAKE

PVINMODYR

PVINTYPE

PVIN_WGT

PWGTCD_TR

PWHLBS_LG

PWHLBS_SH

PWHLDRWHL

Parkwork Data Set (continued)

2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016

A
A
A
-

A
A
-

A
A
A
-

A
A
A
-

A
A
A
-

A
A
A
-

A
A
A
-

A
A
A
-

A
A
A
-

A
A
-

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendices • 550

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix E:
Changes in FARS Data Elements by SAS Data File and Year

Year

BIKECGP

BIKECTYPE

BIKEDIR

BIKELOC

BIKEPOS

MOTDIR

MOTMAN

PBAGE

PBCWALK

PBPTYPE

PBSEX

PBSWALK

PBSZONE

PEDCGP

PEDCTYPE

Pbtype Data Set

2014
2015
2016

A
A
A

A
A
A

A
A
A

A
A
A

A
A
A

A
A
A

A
A
A

A
A
A

A
A
A

A
A
A

A
A
A

A
A
A

A
A
A

A
A
A

A
A
A

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Year

PEDDIR

PEDLEG

PEDLOC

PEDPOS

PEDSNR

Pbtype Data Set (continued)

2014
2015
2016

A
A
A

A
A
B

A
A
A

A
A
A

A
A
A

Appendices • 551

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix E:
Changes in FARS Data Elements by SAS Data File and Year
Vevent Data Set

VNUMBER1

AOI1

SOE

VNUMBER2

AOI2

Year

VNUMBER1

AOI1

SOE

VNUMBER2

AOI2

Year

AOI

SOE

Vsoe Data Set

Year

Cevent Data Set

2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016

A
A
A
A
A
A
A

A
B
C
D
D
D
D

A
A
B
C
D
D
E

A
A
A
A
A
A
A

A
B
C
D
D
D
D

2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016

A
A
A
A
A
A
A

A
B
C
D
D
D
D

A
A
B
C
D
D
E

A
A
A
A
A
A
A

A
B
C
D
D
D
D

2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016

A
B
C
D
D
D
D

A
A
B
C
D
D
E

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Appendices • 552

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Appendix E:
Changes in FARS Data Elements by SAS Data File and Year

Year

MFACTOR

Year

MDRMANAV

Year

MVIOLATN

Violatn
Data Set

DRIMPAIR

Maneuver
Data Set

Year

Factor
Data Set

MDRDSTRD

Drimpair
Data Set

Year

Distract
Data Set

2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016

A
A
B
B
B
B
B

2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016

A
B
B
B
C
C
C

2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016

A
A
A
A
A
A
A

2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016

A
A
A
A
A
A
A

2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016

A
A
A
A
B
C
C

Year

NMIMPAIR

Year

MPR_ACT

Year

MSAFEQMT

Safetyeq
Data Set

MTM_CRSH

Nmprior
Data Set

Year

Nmimpair
Data Set

MVISIOBSC

Nmcrash
Data Set

Year

Vision
Data Set

2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016

A
A
A
A
A
A
A

2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016

A
A
A
A
B
B
B

2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016

A
A
A
A
C
C
C

2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016

A
A
A
A
B
B
B

2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016

A
A
A
A
A
A
A

Year

MDAREAS

Damage
Data Set

2012
2013
2014
2015
2016

A
A
A
A
A

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Appendices • 553

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Appendix F:
Summary of 2010 and 2011 FARS Changes

Appendix F:
Summary of 2010 and 2011 FARS Changes
2010 FARS/NASS GES Standardization
The purpose of this document is to inform users of NHTSA’s Fatality Analysis Reporting System
(FARS) and National Automotive Sampling System General Estimates System (NASS GES)
data about some of the more significant changes to the 2010 data as a result of the
standardization of the data elements between the two systems. In addition to the changes
outlined below, a listing of all specific data element changes can be found in the following table:
Variables with Changes in Definitions and Attributes
The FARS/NASS GES Standardization began in 2006, with the second phase being
implemented in the 2010 data collection year. The definition and element attribute changes
introduced in 2010 are the most substantive and most numerous changes in one year in the
reconciliation of the FARS and NASS GES data systems. In the 2011 data collection year – the
third and final planned phase of the FARS/NASS GES Standardization – nearly all remaining
data element attribute and file structure differences will be addressed. As a single, unified data
entry system, FARS/NASS GES will be compatible with the Model Minimum Uniform Crash
Criteria (MMUCC), the guideline used by nearly all States to develop and revise their crash
forms and databases. Once complete, the FARS/NASS GES Standardization will simplify crash
data coding and analysis as well as reduce costs and errors.
Probably the most notable changes were the introduction of precrash information in FARS
(already collected in NASS GES) and a change to case structure or how the groups of related
data elements are organized. For example, in 2009 a FARS case consisted of Crash, Vehicle,
Driver and Person coding forms. In 2010, the Person level form was split into Motor Vehicle
Occupant and Non-Motor Vehicle Occupant forms, and the Precrash form was added (new to
FARS, though not to NASS GES).
These structure changes also include changes to how the data are now stored and made
available. For example, for FARS, there are now 16 data tables rather than 4. This results from
the changes in the number of coding forms and from changes in specific data elements.
Several data elements that used to allow only a specified number of responses now have a
“select-all-that-apply” format. There is a separate data table for each of these data elements.
At the Crash level, a Crash Events Table was added to FARS (and modified in NASS GES). In
NASS GES, Non-Harmful Events were added to the Crash Events Table.
The precrash information represents not only a new coding form, but more importantly, largely a
new concept for FARS, attempting to collect data about the conditions, events and driver
actions that preceded and may have contributed to the crash. Precrash data is intended to
improve crash avoidance research and has been included in NASS GES since 1992.
The new FARS Precrash form information consists of 23 data elements, 9 of which were
previously coded at the Crash level, 3 each at the Vehicle and Driver levels, and 8 new
elements. Nine trafficway descriptor data elements were moved from the crash level to the new
precrash level. These elements provide details about the characteristics of the trafficway
selected for each vehicle.
A Pedestrian/Bicycle crash typing software application was added to the Non-Motor Vehicle
Occupant form for both systems to help identify the precrash actions for parties involved in
certain non-motorist-related crashes.

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Appendices • 554

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Appendix F:
Summary of 2010 and 2011 FARS Changes

Type of Intersection was added to both systems. Bus Use and Vehicle Configuration were two
Vehicle level elements that are new to NASS GES in 2010 and modified for FARS (element
attributes were consolidated and redefined). Condition at Time of Crash was added at the
Driver and the Non-Motor Vehicle Occupant levels for both systems. For motor vehicle
occupants, there is now an Indication of Misuse of Restraint System or Helmet Use in both
systems.
Some of the information that had been collected under FARS Related Factors was redistributed
to new data elements. For example, some Person Related Factors have been removed and are
now captured in two new Non-Motor Vehicle Occupant elements; Non-Motorist
Action/Circumstances Prior to Crash and Non-Motorist Action/Circumstances at Time of Crash.
Some Vehicle Related Factors are now captured under the new Precrash elements,
Contributing Circumstances, Motor Vehicle and Driver Distracted By. The Driver Level element,
Violations Charged, is now a “Select-all-That-Apply” element.
Multiple data elements that are part of the Model Minimum Uniform Crash Criteria (MMUCC)
had the attribute “Not Reported” added in 2010 to account for information missing from the case
source materials.
To ensure that data quality was not compromised as a result of the standardization, NHTSA
refined and enhanced its quality control processes. These enhancements enable the
identification of coding discrepancies and development of training tailored to eliminate or reduce
these discrepancies.
The final phase of the FARS/NASS GES standardization will occur during the 2011 data
collection year, at which point FARS and NASS GES, while remaining separate data systems,
will share a single data entry system and uniform set of data elements.

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Appendices • 555

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix F:
Summary of 2010 and 2011 FARS Changes

New in 2010 FARS
There were many changes to the 2010 FARS, most of which are the result of NHTSA’s efforts to
standardize variables in FARS and the National Automotive Sampling System’s (NASS)
General Estimates System (GES). Additions, deletions, and changes are listed below.
2010 Data Elements with Changes in Definitions and Attributes
Below is a list of FARS data elements that had substantial changes for 2010.

ELEMENT
#

ELEMENT
NAME

NEW/
REVISED
VALUES

NEW/
REVISED
REMARKS

C6

County

X

X

• Added new attribute 998 – Not
Reported.
• Added new remarks.

C7

City

X

X

• Added new attribute 9898 – Not
Reported.
• Added new remarks.

C8

Crash Date

X

X

• Added GES element information.
• Added new GES Special Instructions.
• UPDATE - Deleted attribute 98 - Not
Reported for both Month and Day

C9

Crash Time

X

X

• Added GES element information.
• Added new GES Special Instructions.
• UPDATE - Deleted attribute 9998 - Not
Reported.

C13

Trafficway
Identifier

X

• Updated remarks section.
• Added new GES Special Instructions.

C14

Milepoint

X

X

• Added new attribute 99998 – Not
Reported.
• Added new remarks.

C15

Global Position

X

X

• Added new attribute 7s – Not
Reported.
• Added new remarks.

C17

Crash Events

X

X

•
•
•
•

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

COMMENTS

Filled in by MDE.
Added new attributes.
Added new remarks.
GES and FARS Special Instruction
Sections.

Appendices • 556

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix F:
Summary of 2010 and 2011 FARS Changes

NEW/
REVISED
VALUES

NEW/
REVISED
REMARKS

First Harmful
Event

X

X

• Added new attributes: 58 – Ground, 59
– Traffic Sign Support and 98 – Not
Reported.
• Updated attributes 01 –
Rollover/Overturn, 09 – Pedalcyclist,
10 – Railway Train Vehicle, 12 – Motor
Vehicle In-Transport On Same
Roadway,14 – Parked Motor Vehicle or
Motor Vehicle Stopped Off Roadway,
51 – Jackknife (harmful to this
vehicle), 45 – Working Motor Vehicle
(Construction, Maintenance or Utility
Vehicle), 21 – Bridge Pier or Abutment
Support, 23 – Bridge Rail (Includes
Parapet), 30 – Utility Pole/Light
Support, 35 – Embankment- Earth, 42
– Tree (Standing Tree Only),46 – Traffic
Signal Support/Signal, 72 –
Cargo/Equipment Loss or Shift (harmful
to this vehicle).
• Deleted attributes: 13 – Motor Vehicle
In-Transport on Different Roadway,
22 – Bridge Parapet End, 27 –
Highway/Traffic Sign Post/Sign, 28 –
Overhead Sign Support/Sign, 29 –
Luminaire/Light Support, 36 –
Embankment –Rock, Stone, or
Concrete, 37 – Embankment –
Material Type Unknown, 47 – Vehicle
Occupant Struck or Run Over by Own
Vehicle.
• Updated/Added new remarks.

Manner of
Collision

X

X

• Added new attribute 98 – Not
Reported.
• Updated attributes: 00 – Not a Collision
with a Motor Vehicle In-Transport, 01 –
Front-to-Rear (includes Rear-End), 02
– Front-to-Front (includes Head-On),
06 – Front-to-Side/Angle – Direction
Not Specified, 11 – Other (End-Swipes
and Others)*.
• Deleted attributes: 03 – Front-to-Side,
Same Direction, 04 – Front-to-Side,
Opposite Direction, 05 – Front-toSide, Right Angle (includes
Broadside).
• Updated/Added new remarks.

ELEMENT
#

ELEMENT
NAME

Old C17
New C18

Old C18
New C19

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COMMENTS

Appendices • 557

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix F:
Summary of 2010 and 2011 FARS Changes

NEW/
REVISED
VALUES

NEW/
REVISED
REMARKS

Relation to
Junction

X

X

• Divided element into two data entries (a)
Within Interchange Area and (b)
Specific Location.
• Format change from 1 numeric, to 2
numeric and 1 numeric one time.
• Added new attributes: 16 – Shared-Use
Path or Trail, 17 – Acceleration/
Deceleration Lane, 18 – Through
Roadway, 98 – Not Reported.
• Updated attributes: 15 19 – Unknown,
Interchange Area Other Location With
Interchange Area, 09 – Unknown , NonInterchange.
• Deleted attributes: 10 – Intersection,
11 – Intersection Related, 12 –
Driveway Access, 13 – Entrance/Exit
Ramp Related, 14 – CrossoverRelated.
• Updated/Added new Remarks.

New C21

Type of
Intersection

X

X

• Added new element.
• Added new attributes: 1 – Not an
Intersection, 2 – Four-Way
Intersection, 3 – T-Intersection, 4 – YIntersection, 5 – Traffic Circle, 6 –
Roundabout,
7 – Five Point, or
More, 8 – Not Reported, 9 – Unknown.
• Added new remarks and diagram.

Old C20
New C22

Relation to
Trafficway

X

X

• Added new attribute 98 – Not
Reported.
• Updated attributes: 02 – On Shoulder,
03 – On Median, 04 – On Roadside,
05 – Outside Trafficway/Outside Rightof-Way, 11 – Two-way Continuous LeftTurn Lane.
• Updated/Added new remarks.

Old C28
New C23

Work Zone

X

X

• Added new attribute 8 – Not Reported.
• Added new remarks.

Old C31
New C24

Light Condition

X

X

• Added new attribute 8 – Not Reported.
• Added new remarks.

ELEMENT
#

ELEMENT
NAME

Old C19
New C20

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

COMMENTS

Appendices • 558

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix F:
Summary of 2010 and 2011 FARS Changes

NEW/
REVISED
VALUES

NEW/
REVISED
REMARKS

Atmospheric
Conditions

X

X

• Format change from 1 numeric to 2
numeric.
• Added new attributes: 10 – Cloudy, 11
– Blowing Snow, 98 – Not Reported
• Updated attributes: 00 – No Additional
Atmospheric Conditions, 01 –
Clear/Cloudy (No Adverse
Conditions), 02 – Rain, 03 – Sleet, Hail
(Freezing Rain or Drizzle), 04 – Snow
or Blowing Snow, 05 – Fog, Smog,
Smoke, 06 – Severe Crosswinds, 07 –
Blowing Sand, Soil, Dirt, 08 – Other, 99
– Unknown.
• Added new remarks.

Old C33
New C26

School Bus
Related

X

X

• Added new attribute 8 – Not Reported.
• Added new remarks.
• Added ANSI Definition for bus.

V3

Vehicle Number

X

X

• Deleted attribute 000 – Persons Not in
Motor Vehicles.
• Updated remarks.
• Added GES Special Instructions.

V4

Number of
Occupants

X

X

• Added new attribute 98 – Not
Reported.
• Updated/Added new remarks.
• Added GES Special Instructions.

Old V37
New V6

Hit-and-Run

X

X

• Added new attribute 8 – Not Reported.
• Updated/Added new remarks.

Old V8
New V9

Vehicle Make

X

X

• Added new attributes: 78 – Other Make
Moped, 79 – Other Make Motored
Cycle, 97 – Not Reported
• Update/Added new remarks.
• Added GES Special Instructions.

Old V9
New V10

Vehicle Model

X

X

• Added new attribute 997 – Not
Reported.
• Updated/Added new remarks.
• Added GES Special Instructions

ELEMENT
#

ELEMENT
NAME

Old C32
New C25

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COMMENTS

Appendices • 559

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix F:
Summary of 2010 and 2011 FARS Changes

ELEMENT
#

ELEMENT
NAME

NEW/
REVISED
VALUES

NEW/
REVISED
REMARKS

Old V10
New V11

Body Type

X

X

• Added new attributes: 17 – 3-door
coupe, 98 – Not Reported.
• Updated/Added new remarks.

Old V11
New V12

Model Year

X

X

• Added new attribute 9998 – Not
Reported.
• Updated/Added new remarks.

Old V12
New V13

Vehicle
Identification
Number

X

X

• Added new attribute
88888888888888888 – Not Reported
• Updated/Added new remarks.

Old V27
New V16

Motor Carrier
Identification
Number

X

X

• Added new attribute to Issuing Authority
and Identification Number: 77 – Not
Reported, 777777777 – Not Reported
• Updated/Added new remarks.
• Added GES Special Instructions.

Old V30
New V17

GVWR/GCWR

X

X

• Added new attribute 8 – Not Reported.
• Updated/Added new remarks.

Old V28
New V18

Vehicle
Configuration

X

X

• Added new attributes: 10 – Vehicle
10,000 pounds or less placarded for
Hazardous Materials, 98 – Not
Reported.
• Deleted attributes: 03 – Single-Unit
Truck (unknown number of axles,
tires), 70 – Light Truck (van, minivan,
panel, pickup, sport utility vehicle
displaying a hazardous materials
placard), 80 – Passenger Car (only
when displaying a hazardous
materials placards).
• Updated attributes: 00 – Not Applicable,
not a medium/heavy truck, bus or
vehicle displaying a hazardous
material placard, 01 – Single-Unit
Truck (two axles, 6 tires & GVWR of
more than 10,000 pounds), 04 – Truck
Pulling Trailer(s), 06 – Tractor/SemiTrailer (one trailer), 07 – Truck
Tractor/Doubles (two trailers), 08 –
Truck Tractor/Triples (three trailers),
19 – Medium/Heavy Truck more than
10,000 lbs, cannot classify, 20 – Bus
(seats for 9-15 people occupants,

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COMMENTS

Appendices • 560

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

ELEMENT
#

ELEMENT
NAME

NEW/
REVISED
VALUES

Appendix F:
Summary of 2010 and 2011 FARS Changes

NEW/
REVISED
REMARKS

COMMENTS
including driver), 21 – Bus (seats for 16
or more than 15 people occupants,
including driver), 99 – Unknown If Light
or Medium/Heavy Truck/Bus.
• Added new remarks.

Old V31
New V19

Cargo Body
Type

X

X

• Added new attribute 28 – Not
Reported.
• Added new remarks.

Old V13
New V21

Bus Use

X

X

• Format change from 1 numeric to 2
numeric.
• Added new attribute 98 – Not
Reported.
• Deleted attributes: 01 – Not Used as a
Bus, 02 – Used as a Private School
Bus, 03 – Used as a School Bus,
Public or Private Unknown
• Updated attributes: 00 – Not Used as a
Bus, 01 – Used as a Public School
Bus, 04 – Used as Scheduled Service
Bus Intercity, 05 – Used as a Tour
Bus Charter/Tour, 06 – Used as a
Commuter Bus Transit/Commuter, 07
– Used as a Shuttle Bus, 99 –
Unknown Bus Use
• Added new remarks

Old V14
New V22

Special Use

X

X

• Format change from 1 numeric to 2
numeric.
• Added new attribute 98 – Not
Reported.
• Added new remarks

Old V15
New V23

Emergency Use

X

X

• Added new attribute 8 – Not Reported.
• Added new remarks

Old V16
New V24

Travel Speed

X

X

• Added new attribute 998 – Not
Reported.
• Added new remarks.

V17

Vehicle
Maneuver

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

• Deleted Element

Appendices • 561

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

NEW/
REVISED
VALUES

Appendix F:
Summary of 2010 and 2011 FARS Changes

NEW/
REVISED
REMARKS

ELEMENT
#

ELEMENT
NAME

V18

Crash Avoidance
Maneuver

• Deleted Element

V28

Vehicle Role

• Deleted Element

Old V22
New V28

Impact Points Initial/ Principal
changed to
Areas of
Impact – Initial
Damaged /Most
Damaged

X

X

• Added new attributes: 61 – Left, 62 –
Left-Front Half, 63 – Left-Back Half,
81 – Right, 82 – Right-Front Half, 83 –
Right-Back Half, 98 – Not Reported.
• Updated attribute 18 – This Vehicle Set
Something in Motion Causing Injury
or Damage (Not a Clock Point) Set-InMotion (Not a Clock Point).
• Added new remarks and examples.
• Added new diagram.

Old V25
New V29

Extent of
Damage

X

X

• Added new attribute 8 – Not Reported.
• Added new remarks.

Old V26
New V30

Vehicle Removal

X

X

• Added new attribute 8 – Not Reported.
• Added new remarks.

Old V33
New V31

Sequence of
Events

X

X

• Added new attributes: 58 – Ground, 59
– Traffic Sign Support, 68 – Cross
Centerline, 69 – Re-entering Highway,
70 – Jackknife (non-harmful), 72 –
Cargo/Equipment (harmful to this
vehicle), 98 – Not Reported.
• Updated attributes: 01 Overturn/Rollover Rollover/Overturn,
02 – Fire/Explosion (Always code if
present), 06 – Injured in Vehicle (NonCollision), 09 – Pedal Cycle
Pedalcyclist, 10 – Railway Train
Vehicle, 12 – Motor Vehicle InTransport on Same Roadway, 14 –
Parked Motor Vehicle or Motor Vehicle
Stopped Off Roadway, 21 – Bridge
Pier or Abutment Support, 23 – Bridge
Rail (Includes Parapet), 30 – Utility
Pole/Light Support, 35 – Embankment
– Earth, 42 – Tree (Standing Tree
Only), 44 - Pavement Surface
Irregularity (Pothole, Grooved, Grates)
(Ruts, Potholes, Grates, etc.), 45 –

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COMMENTS

Appendices • 562

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

ELEMENT
#

ELEMENT
NAME

NEW/
REVISED
VALUES

Appendix F:
Summary of 2010 and 2011 FARS Changes

NEW/
REVISED
REMARKS

COMMENTS
Working Motor Vehicle (Construction,
Maintenance or Utility Vehicle), 51 –
Jackknife (harmful to this vehicle), 46
– Traffic Signal Support/Signal, 60 –
Cargo/Equipment Loss or Shift (nonharmful), 65 – Cross
Median/Centerline.
• Deleted attributes: 13 – Motor Vehicle
In-Transport on Different Roadway,
22 – Bridge Parapet End, 27 –
Highway/Traffic Sign Post/Sign, 28 –
Overhead Sign Support/Sign, 29 –
Luminaire/Light Support, 36 –
Embankment –Rock, Stone, or
Concrete, 37 – Embankment –
Material Type Unknown, 47 – Vehicle
Occupant Struck or Run Over by Own
Vehicle.
• Added new remarks.
• Updated remarks and examples.

Old V34
New V32

Most Harmful
Event

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

X

X

• Added new attributes: 58 – Ground, 59
– Traffic Sign Support, 98 – Not
Reported
• Updated attributes: 01 Overturn/Rollover Rollover/Overturn,
02 – Fire/Explosion (Always code if
present), 06 – Injured in Vehicle (NonCollision), 09 – Pedal Cycle
Pedalcyclist, 10 – Railway Train
Vehicle, 12 – Motor Vehicle InTransport on Same Roadway, 14 –
Parked Motor Vehicle or Motor Vehicle
Stopped Off Roadway, 21 – Bridge
Pier or Abutment Support, 23 – Bridge
Rail (Includes Parapet), 30 – Utility
Pole/Light Support, 35 – Embankment
– Earth, 42 – Tree (Standing Tree
Only), 44 - Pavement Surface
Irregularity (Pothole, Grooved, Grates)
(Ruts, Potholes, Grates, etc.), 45 –
Working Motor Vehicle (Construction,
Maintenance or Utility Vehicle), 51 –
Jackknife (harmful to this vehicle, 46 –
Traffic Signal Support/Signal, 72 –
Cargo/Equipment Loss or Shift
(harmful), 65 – Cross
Median/Centerline.
• Deleted attributes: 13 – Motor Vehicle

Appendices • 563

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

ELEMENT
#

ELEMENT
NAME

NEW/
REVISED
VALUES

Appendix F:
Summary of 2010 and 2011 FARS Changes

NEW/
REVISED
REMARKS

COMMENTS
In-Transport on Different Roadway,
22 – Bridge Parapet End, 27 –
Highway/Traffic Sign Post/Sign, 28 –
Overhead Sign Support/Sign, 29 –
Luminaire/Light Support, 36 –
Embankment –Rock, Stone, or
Concrete, 37 – Embankment –
Material Type Unknown, 47 – Vehicle
Occupant Struck or Run Over by Own
Vehicle.
• Added new remarks.
• Deleted attributes: 01 – Tires, 02 –
Brake System, 03 – Steering System,
04 – Suspension, 05 – Power Train,
06 – Exhaust System, 07 –
Headlights, 08 – Signal Lights, 09 –
Other Lights, 10 – Horn, 11 – Mirrors,
12 – Wipers, 13 – Driver Seating and
Control, 14 – Body, Doors, Hood and
Other, 15 – Trailer Hitch, 16 – Wheels,
17 – Air Bag, 18 – Other Vehicle
Defects, 19 – Safety Belts.

Old V35
New V33

Related Factors
– Vehicle Level

X

D5

Driver’s License
State

X

X

• Added new attributes: 00 – No Driver
Present, 98 – Not Reported.
• Added new remarks.

D6

Driver’s Zip
Code

X

X

• Added new attribute 99998 – No Driver
Present.
• Added new remarks.
• Added new GES Special Instructions.

D8

Commercial
Motor Vehicle
License Status

X

X

• Format change from 1 numeric to 2
numeric.
• Added new attribute 98 – Not
Reported.
• Updated attribute – 99 – Unknown.
• Added new remarks.

D9

Compliance with
License
Endorsements
changed to
Compliance

X

X

• Added new attribute 8 – Not Reported.
• Added new remarks.

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Appendices • 564

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

ELEMENT
#

ELEMENT
NAME

Appendix F:
Summary of 2010 and 2011 FARS Changes

NEW/
REVISED
VALUES

NEW/
REVISED
REMARKS

COMMENTS

with CDL
Endorsements
D10

License
Compliance with
Class of Vehicle

X

X

• Added new attribute 7 – Not Reported.
• Updated reference table.
• Added new remarks.

D11

Compliance with
License
Restrictions

X

X

• Added new attribute 8 – Not Reported.
• Added new remarks.

D21

Violations
Charged

X

X

• Format change from 2 numeric, 3
times to select all that apply.
• Added new attribute 97 – Not
Reported.
• Added new remarks.

New D23
New
NM14

Condition
(Impairment) at
Time of Crash

X

X

• Add new element which is located on
two forms.
• Format – select all that apply.
• New attributes: 00 – None/Apparently
Normal, 01 – Ill, Blackout, 02 – Asleep
or Fatigued, 03 – Walking with a Cane
or Crutches, 04 – Paraplegic Or
Restricted To A Wheelchair, 05 –
Impaired Due To Previous Injury, 06 –
Deaf, 07 – Blind, 08 – Emotional
(depressed, angry, disturbed, etc.),
09 – Under the Influence of Alcohol,
Drugs or Medication, 10 – Physical
Impairment – No Details, 96 – Other
Physical Impairment, 98 – Not
Reported, 99 – Unknown If Physically
Impaired.
• New remarks.

D24

Related Factors
– Driver Level

X

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

• Deleted attributes: 01 – Drowsy,
Sleepy, Asleep Fatigued, 02 – Ill,
Passed Out/Blackout, 03 – Emotional
(e.g., Depression, Angry, Disturbed),
05 – Under the Influence of Alcohol,
Drugs or Medication, 07 – Restricted
to Wheelchair, 06 – Operating the
Vehicle in Careless or Inattentive
Thought In, 09 – Impaired Due to
Previous Injury, 11 – Other Physical

Appendices • 565

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

ELEMENT
#

ELEMENT
NAME

NEW/
REVISED
VALUES

Appendix F:
Summary of 2010 and 2011 FARS Changes

NEW/
REVISED
REMARKS

COMMENTS
Impairment, 93 – Cellular Telephone
Present in Vehicle, 94 – Cellular
Telephone in Use in Vehicle, 95 –
Computer/Fax Machines/Printers, 96
– Onboard Navigation System, 97 –
Two-way Radio, 98 – Head-up
Display.

New PC4

Contributing
Circumstances,
Motor Vehicle

X

X

• Added new element.
• Format – 2 digits
• Added new attributes: 00 – None, 01 –
Tires, 02 – Brake System, 03 –
Steering, 04 – Suspension, 05 –
Power Train, 06 – Exhaust System, 07
– Head Lights, 08 – Signal Lights, 09
– Other Lights, 10 – Wipers, 11 –
Wheels, 12 – Mirrors, 13 –
Windows/Windshield, 14 – Body,
Doors, 15 – Truck Coupling / Trailer
Hitch / Safety Chains, 16 – Safety
Systems, 17 – Vehicle Contributing
Factors – No Details, 97 – Other, 98 –
Not Reported, 99 – Unknown.
• Added new remarks.

Old C21
New PC5

Trafficway Flow
change to
Trafficway
Description

X

X

• Element moved from Crash Level to
Precrash (Vehicle/Driver) Level.
• Added new attributes: 0 – NonTrafficway Area, 8 – Not Reported.
• Updated attributes: 1 – Not Physically
Divided (Two-Way, Trafficway Not
Divided), 5 – Not Physically Divided
(With Two-Way, Not Divided with a
Continuous Left-Turn Lane), 2 –
Divided Highway, Median Strip
(Without Traffic Barrier) Two-Way,
Divided, Unprotected (Painted > 4
Feet) Median, 3 – Divided Highway,
Median Strip (With Traffic Barrier)
Two-Way, Divided, Positive Median
Barrier.
• Added new remarks.

Old C22
New PC6

Number of
Travel Lanes
changed to
Total Lanes in

X

X

• Element moved from Crash Level to
Precrash (Vehicle/Driver) Level.
• Added new attributes: 0 – NonTrafficway Area, 8 – Not Reported.

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Appendices • 566

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ELEMENT
#

ELEMENT
NAME

NEW/
REVISED
VALUES

Appendix F:
Summary of 2010 and 2011 FARS Changes

NEW/
REVISED
REMARKS

COMMENTS
• Added new remarks.

Roadway

Old C23
New PC7

Speed Limit

X

X

• Element moved from Crash Level to
Precrash (Vehicle/Driver) Level.
• Added new attribute 98 – Not
Reported.
• Updated remark 00 – No Statutory
Limit/Non-Trafficway Area.
• Added new remarks.

Old C24
New PC8

Roadway
Alignment

X

X

• Element moved from Crash Level to
Precrash (Vehicle/Driver) Level.
• Added new attributes: 0 – NonTrafficway Area, 3 – Curve Left, 4 –
Curve – Unknown Direction, 8 – Not
Reported.
• Updated attribute 2 – Curve Right.

Old C25
New PC9

Roadway Profile
changed to
Roadway Grade

X

X

• Element moved from Crash Level to
Precrash (Vehicle/Driver) Level.
• Added new attributes: 0 – NonTrafficway Area, 5 – Uphill, 6 –
Downhill, 8 – Not Reported.
• Updated attributes: 2 – Grade,
Unknown Slope, 4 – Sag (Bottom).
• Added new remarks.
• Added new diagram.

Old C26
New
PC10

Roadway
Surface Type

X

X

• Element moved from Crash Level to
Precrash (Vehicle/Driver) Level.
• Added new attributes: 0 – NonTrafficway Area, 8 – Not Reported.
• Updated attribute 7 8 – Other.
• Added new remarks.

Old C27
New PC11

Roadway
Surface
Conditions

X

X

• Element moved from Crash Level to
Precrash (Vehicle/Driver) Level.
• Format change from 1 numeric to 2
numeric.
• Added new attributes: 00 – NonTrafficway Area, 10 – Slush, 11 –
Mud, Dirt or Gravel, 98 – Not
Reported.
• Updated attributes: 03 – Snow or
Slush, 05 – Sand, Dirt, Mud, Gravel,

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Appendices • 567

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ELEMENT
#

ELEMENT
NAME

NEW/
REVISED
VALUES

Appendix F:
Summary of 2010 and 2011 FARS Changes

NEW/
REVISED
REMARKS

COMMENTS
99 – Unknown.
• Added new remarks.

Old C29
New PC12

Traffic Control
Device

X

X

• Element moved from Crash Level to
Precrash (Vehicle/Driver) Level.
• Added new attributes: 32 – School
Zone Sign/Device, 65 – Railway
Crossing Device, 97 – Not Reported.
• Updated attributes: 29 – Unknown
Type Regulatory Sign, 50 – Officer,
crossing guard, flagman, etc. Person.
• Deleted attributes: 05 – Flashing
beacon, 06 – Flashing highway traffic
signal, type unknown or other than
traffic control or beacon, 30 – School
speed limit sign, 31 – School
advance or crossing sign, 38 – Other
school related sign, 39 – Unknown
type school zone sign, 41 – Electric
Warning Sign, 60 – Gates, 61 –
Flashing Lights, 62 – Traffic Control
Signal, 63 – Wigwags, 64 – Bells, 68 –
Other train activated device, 69 –
Active device, type unknown, 70 –
Cross bucks, 71 – Stop sign, 72 –
Other railroad crossing sign, 73 –
Special warning device - watchman,
flagged by crew, 78 – Other passive
device, 79 – Passive device, type
unknown, 80 – Grade crossing
controlled, type unknown.
• Added new remarks.

Old C30
New PC13

Traffic Control
Device
Functioning
changed to
Device
Functioning

X

X

• Element moved from Crash Level to
Precrash (Vehicle/Driver) Level.
• Added new attribute 8 – Not Reported.
• Attribute change to element values “00 Not Applicable-Occupant of a Motor
Vehicle In-Transport or Not InTransport (Including Motor Vehicle
Parked/Stopped Off
Roadway/Working/In Motion Outside
the Trafficway) to 000 - Not
Applicable-Occupant of a Motor
Vehicle In-Transport or Not InTransport (Including Motor Vehicle
Parked/Stopped Off
Roadway/Working/In Motion Outside

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendices • 568

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ELEMENT
#

ELEMENT
NAME

NEW/
REVISED
VALUES

Appendix F:
Summary of 2010 and 2011 FARS Changes

NEW/
REVISED
REMARKS

COMMENTS
the Trafficway).
• Updated/Added new remarks.

New
PC14

Driver
Distracted By

X

X

• Moved from Driver level to Precrash
Level.
• Format change from 2 numeric to
select all that apply.
• Add new attribute 95 – No Driver
Present.
• Update/Added new remarks.

New PC15

Driver
Maneuvered to
Avoid

X

X

• Added new attributes: 00 – Driver Did
Not Maneuver To Avoid, 01 – Object,
02 – Poor Road Conditions (Puddle,
Ice, Pothole, etc.), 03 – Live Animal,
04 – Motor Vehicle, 05 – Pedestrian,
Pedalcyclist or Other Non-Motorist,
92 – Phantom/Non-contact Motor
Vehicle, 95 – No Driver Present, 98 –
Not Reported, 99 – Unknown.
• Format – select all that apply.
• Added new remarks.

New
PC16

Driver’s Vision
Obscured By

X

X

• Added new attributes: 00 – Not
Distracted, 01 – Looked But Did Not
See, 03 – By Other Occupant(s), 04 –
By Moving Object in Vehicle, 05 –
While Talking or Listening to Cellular
Phone, 06 – While Dialing Cellular
Phone, 07 – Adjusting Audio And/or
Climate Controls, 09 – While Using
Other Device/Controls Integral to
Vehicle, 10 – While Using or
Reaching For Device/Object Brought
Into Vehicle, 12 – Distracted by
Outside Person, Object or Event, 13 –
Eating or Drinking, 14 – Smoking
Related, 15 – Other Cellular Phone
Related, 16 – No Driver Present, 92 –
Distraction/ Inattention, Details
Unknown, 96 – Not Reported, 97 –
Inattentive or Lost in Thought, 98 –
Other Distraction, 99 – Unknown if
Distracted.
• Format – select all that apply.
• Added new remarks.

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendices • 569

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix F:
Summary of 2010 and 2011 FARS Changes

NEW/
REVISED
VALUES

NEW/
REVISED
REMARKS

Pre-Event
Movement
(Prior to
Recognition of
Critical Event)

X

X

• Added new attributes: 00 – No Driver
Present, 01 – Going Straight, 02 –
Decelerating in Traffic Lane, 03 –
Accelerating in Traffic Lane, 04 –
Starting in Traffic Lane, 05 – Stopped
in Traffic Lane, 06 – Passing or
Overtaking Another Vehicle, 07 –
Disabled or Parked in Travel Lane, 08
– Leaving a Parking Position, 09 –
Entering a Parking Position, 10 –
Turning Right, 11 – Turning Left, 12 –
Making a U-Turn, 13 – Backing Up
(other than for Parking Position ),
14 – Negotiating a Curve, 15 –
Changing Lanes, 16 – Merging, 17 –
Successful Avoidance to a Previous
Critical Event, 98 – Other (specify:),
99 – Unknown.
• Format – 2 numeric.
• Added new remarks.

New PC18

Critical Event –
Precrash
(Category)

X

X

• Added new attributes: 1 – This Vehicle
Loss of Control Due To:, 2 – This
Vehicle Traveling. 3 – Other Motor
Vehicle in Lane, 4 – Other Motor
Vehicle Encroaching into Lane, 5 –
Pedestrian or Pedalcyclist or Other
Non-Motorist, 6 – Object or Animal, 7
– Other (specify:), 9 – Unknown.
• Format – 1 numeric.
• Added new remarks.

New PC19

Critical Event –
Precrash
(Event)

X

X

• Added new attributes: 01 – This
Vehicle Loss Of Control Due To:
Blow out/flat tire, 02 – This Vehicle
Loss Of Control Due To: Stalled
Engine, 03 – This Vehicle Loss Of
Control Due To: Disabling vehicle
failure (e.g., wheel fell off) (specify:),
04 – This Vehicle Loss Of Control
Due To: Non-disabling vehicle
problem (e.g., hood flew
up)(specify:), 05 – This Vehicle Loss
Of Control Due To: Poor road
conditions (puddle, pothole, ice, etc.)
(specify:), 06 – This Vehicle Loss Of
Control Due To: Traveling too fast for
conditions, 08 – This Vehicle Loss Of

ELEMENT
#

ELEMENT
NAME

New
PC17

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

COMMENTS

Appendices • 570

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

ELEMENT
#

ELEMENT
NAME

NEW/
REVISED
VALUES

Appendix F:
Summary of 2010 and 2011 FARS Changes

NEW/
REVISED
REMARKS

COMMENTS
Control Due To: Other cause of
control loss (specify:), 09 – This
Vehicle Loss Of Control Due To:
Unknown cause of control loss, 10 –
This Vehicle Traveling: Over the lane
line on left side of travel lane, 11 –
This Vehicle Traveling: Over the lane
line on right side of travel lane, 12 –
This Vehicle Traveling: Off the edge
of the road on the left side, 13 – This
Vehicle Traveling: Off the edge of the
road on the right side, 14 – This
Vehicle Traveling: End departure, 15
– This Vehicle Traveling: Turning left
at intersection, 16 – This Vehicle
Traveling: Turning right at
intersection, 17 – This Vehicle
Traveling: Crossing over (passing
through) intersection, 18 – This
Vehicle Traveling: This vehicle
decelerating, 19 – This Vehicle
Traveling: Unknown travel direction,
50 – Other Motor Vehicle in Lane:
Other vehicle stopped, 51 – Other
Motor Vehicle in Lane: Traveling in
same direction with lower steady
speed, 52 – Other Motor Vehicle in
Lane: Traveling in same direction
while decelerating, 53 – Other Motor
Vehicle in Lane: Traveling in same
direction with higher speed, 54 –
Other Motor Vehicle in Lane:
Traveling in opposite direction, 55 –
Other Motor Vehicle in Lane: In
crossover, 56 – Other Motor Vehicle
in Lane: Backing, 59 – Other Motor
Vehicle in Lane: Unknown travel
direction of the other motor vehicle in
lane, 60 – Other Motor Vehicle
Encroaching into Lane: From
adjacent lane (same direction) over
left lane line, 61 – Other Motor
Vehicle Encroaching into Lane: From
adjacent lane (same direction) over
right lane line, 62 – Other Motor
Vehicle Encroaching into Lane: From
opposite direction over left lane line,
63 – Other Motor Vehicle
Encroaching into Lane: From
opposite direction over right lane

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendices • 571

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ELEMENT
#

ELEMENT
NAME

NEW/
REVISED
VALUES

Appendix F:
Summary of 2010 and 2011 FARS Changes

NEW/
REVISED
REMARKS

COMMENTS
line, 64 – Other Motor Vehicle
Encroaching into Lane: From
parking lane, median, shoulder,
roadside, 65 – Other Motor Vehicle
Encroaching into Lane: From
crossing street, turning into same
direction, 66 – Other Motor Vehicle
Encroaching into Lane: From
crossing street, across path, 67 –
Other Motor Vehicle Encroaching into
Lane: From crossing street, turning
into opposite direction, 68 – Other
Motor Vehicle Encroaching into Lane:
From crossing street, intended path
not known, 70 – Other Motor Vehicle
Encroaching into Lane: From
driveway, turning into same
direction, 71 – Other Motor Vehicle
Encroaching into Lane: From
driveway, across path, 72 – Other
Motor Vehicle Encroaching into Lane:
From driveway, turning into opposite
direction, 73 – Other Motor Vehicle
Encroaching into Lane: From
driveway, intended path not known,
74 – Other Motor Vehicle
Encroaching into Lane: From
entrance to limited access highway,
78 – Other Motor Vehicle
Encroaching into Lane:
Encroachment by other vehicle
details unknown, 80 – Pedestrian,
Pedalcyclist Or Other Non-Motorist:
Pedestrian in roadway, 81 –
Pedestrian, Pedalcyclist Or Other
Non-Motorist: Pedestrian
approaching roadway, 82 –
Pedestrian, Pedalcyclist Or Other
Non-Motorist: Pedestrian unknown
location, 83 – Pedestrian,
Pedalcyclist Or Other Non-Motorist:
Pedalcyclist or other non-motorist in
roadway (specify:), 84 – Pedestrian,
Pedalcyclist Or Other Non-Motorist:
Pedalcyclist or other non-motorist
approaching roadway (specify:), 85 –
Pedestrian, Pedalcyclist Or Other
Non-Motorist: Pedalcyclist or other
non-motorist unknown location
(specify:), 87 – Object or Animal:

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendices • 572

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ELEMENT
#

ELEMENT
NAME

NEW/
REVISED
VALUES

Appendix F:
Summary of 2010 and 2011 FARS Changes

NEW/
REVISED
REMARKS

COMMENTS
Animal in roadway, 88 – Object or
Animal: Animal approaching
roadway, 89 – Object or Animal:
Animal -unknown location, 90 –
Object or Animal: Object in roadway,
91 – Object or Animal: Object
approaching roadway, 92 – Object or
Animal: Object unknown location, 98
– Other critical precrash event
(specify:), 99 – Unknown.
• Format – 2 numeric.
• Added new remarks.

New PC20

Attempted
Avoidance
Maneuver

X

X

• Added new attributes: 00 – No Driver
Present, 01 – No Avoidance
Maneuver, 02 – Braking (no lockup),
03 – Braking (lockup), 04 – Braking
(lockup unknown), 05 – Releasing
brakes, 06 – Steering left, 07 –
Steering right, 08 – Braking and
steering left, 09 – Braking and
steering right, 10 – Accelerating, 11 –
Accelerating and steering left, 12 –
Accelerating and steering right, 98 –
Other Action (specify:), 99 –
Unknown.
• Format – 2 numeric.
• Added new remarks.
• Added GES Special Instructions.

New
PC21

Pre-Impact
Stability

X

X

• Added new attributes: 0 – No Driver
Present, 1 – Tracking, 2 – Skidding
longitudinally — rotation less than 30
degrees, 3 – Skidding laterally —
clockwise rotation, 4 – Skidding
laterally — counter-clockwise
rotation, 7 – Other vehicle loss-ofcontrol (specify:), 9 – Precrash
stability unknown.
• Format – 1 numeric.
• Added new remarks.

New PC22

Pre-Impact
Location

X

X

• New attributes: 0 – No Driver Present,
1 – Stayed in Original Travel Lane, 2 –
Stayed on Roadway, but Left Original
Travel Lane, 3 – Stayed on Roadway,
not Known if Left Original Travel

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Appendices • 573

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ELEMENT
#

ELEMENT
NAME

NEW/
REVISED
VALUES

Appendix F:
Summary of 2010 and 2011 FARS Changes

NEW/
REVISED
REMARKS

COMMENTS
Lane, 4 – Departed Roadway, 5 –
Remained off Roadway, 6 – Returned
to Roadway, 7 – Entered Roadway, 9
– Unknown.
• Format – 1 numeric.
• Added new remarks

Crash Type

X

P3

Vehicle Number
- Person Level

X

Old P6
New P5
and NM5

Age

X

X

• Element located on two forms.
• Added new attribute 998 – Not
Reported.
• Added new remarks.

Old P7
New P6
and NM6

Sex

X

X

• Element located on two forms.
• Added new attribute 8 – Not Reported.
• Added new remarks.

Old P8
New P7

Person Type

X

X

• Element was split between Occupant
and Non-Motorist Person Level forms.
• Added attribute 88 – Not Reported.
• Attributes moved to Person Type NM7 04 – Occupant of a Non-Motor
Vehicle Transport Device, 05 –
Pedestrian, 06 – Bicyclist, 07 – Other
Bicyclist, 08 – Person on Personal
Conveyance,10 – Persons in/On
Buildings, 19 – Unknown Type of
Non-Motorist.
• Added new remarks.
• Added GES Special Instructions.

Old P22
New P8
and NM8

Injury Severity

X

X

• Element located on two forms.
• Added new attribute 8 – Not Reported.
• Added new remarks.

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

X

• Added new attributes: 00 – No Impact,
Actual attribute 01-93, 98 – Other
Crash Type, 99 – Unknown.
• Format – 2 numeric.
• Added new remarks.
• Added GES Special Instructions.

New PC23

• Deleted attribute 000 – Not a Motor
Vehicle Occupant.
• Added GES Special Instructions.

Appendices • 574

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

ELEMENT
#

ELEMENT
NAME

NEW/
REVISED
VALUES

Appendix F:
Summary of 2010 and 2011 FARS Changes

NEW/
REVISED
REMARKS

COMMENTS
• Added GES Special Instructions.

P9

Seating Position

X

X

• Added new attribute 98 – Not
Reported.
• Deleted attribute 00 – Not a Motor
Vehicle Occupant.
• Added new remarks.
• Added GES Special Instructions.

P10

Protection
System Use
changed to
Restraint
System/ Helmet
Use

X

X

• Added new attributes: 07 – None UsedMotor Vehicle Occupant, 16 – Other
Helmet, 17 – No Helmet, 97 – Other,
98 – Not Reported.
• Updated attributes: 00 – None
Used/Not Applicable – Not a Motor
Vehicle Occupant, 01 – Shoulder Belt
Only Used, 02 – Lap Belt Only Used,
03 – Lap and Shoulder Shoulder and
Lap Belt Used, 04 – Child Safety
Seat/Booster Restraint Type
Unknown/Not Reported, 05 – DOT
Compliant Motorcycle Helmet, 10 –
Child Safety Seat Restraint System –
Forward Facing, 11 – Child Safety Seat
Restraint System – Rear Facing, 12 –
Booster Seat (lap and shoulder belt
used properly).
• Deleted attributes: 06 – Bicycle
Helmet, 14 – Child Safety
Seat/Booster Seat Used Properly, 15
– Helmets Used Improperly.
• Added new remarks.
• Added FARS Special Instructions.
• Added GES Special Instructions.

New P11

Any Indication
of Mis-Use of
Restraint
System or
Helmet Use

X

X

• Added new element.
• Added new attributes: 0 – No, 1 – Yes.
• Added new remarks.

Old P11
New P12

Air Bag
Deployed

X

X

• Added new attribute 98 – Not
Reported.
• Added new remarks.
• Added GES Special Instructions.

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendices • 575

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix F:
Summary of 2010 and 2011 FARS Changes

ELEMENT
#

ELEMENT
NAME

NEW/
REVISED
VALUES

NEW/
REVISED
REMARKS

Old P12
New P13

Ejection

X

X

• Added new attribute 7 – Not Reported.
• Added new remarks.

P18 and
NM17

Alcohol Test

X

X

• Element is now located on two forms.
• Added new attributes: Status: 8 – Not
Reported, Type: 95 – Not Reported,
Result: 95 – Not Reported.
• Updated attributes: Status: 9 –
Unknown if Tested / Not Reported,
Type: 99 – Unknown if Tested / Not
Reported, Result: 99 – Unknown if
Tested / Not Reported.
• Updated/Added new remarks.

P21 and
NM20

Drug Test

X

X

• Element now located on two forms.
• Added new attributes: Status: 8 – Not
Reported, Type: 6 – Not Reported,
Result: 095 – Not Reported.
• Updated attributes: Status: 9 –
Unknown if Tested / Not Reported,
Type: 9 – Unknown if Tested / Not
Reported, Result: 999 – Unknown if
Tested / Not Reported.
• Updated/Added new remarks.
• Updated Drug Lists.

Old P23
New P22
and
NM21

Transported for
Treatment By
changed to
Transported to
Medical Facility
By

X

X

• Element located on two forms.
• Added new attributes: 5 – EMS
Ground, 6 – Other, 8 – Not Reported
• Updated attributes: 1 – Yes, EMS Air, 2
– Yes, Law Enforcement, 3 – Yes,
Other EMS Unknown Mode, 4 – Yes,
Transported by Unknown Source.
• Added new remarks.
• Added GES Special Instructions.

Old P27
New P26

Related Factors Person Level
changed to
Related Factors (Motor Vehicle
Occupant)
Person Level

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

COMMENTS

• Deleted attributes: 01 – Not Visible, 02
– Darting, Running or Stumbling Into
Roadway, 03 – Improper Crossing of
Roadway or Intersection, 04 Walking/Riding With or Against
Traffic, Playing, Working, Sitting,
Lying, Standing, etc., in Roadway, 06
– Ill, Passed Out/Blackout, 07 –
Emotional (e.g., Depression, Angry,
Disturbed), 10 – Inattentive, 11 –

Appendices • 576

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

ELEMENT
#

ELEMENT
NAME

NEW/
REVISED
VALUES

Appendix F:
Summary of 2010 and 2011 FARS Changes

NEW/
REVISED
REMARKS

COMMENTS
Walking with Cane or Crutches, 12 –
Restricted to Wheelchair, 13 –
Motorized Wheelchair Rider, 14 –
Impaired Due to Previous Injury, 15 –
Under the Influence of Alcohol, Drugs
or Medication, 16 – Blind, 17 – Other
Physical Impairment, 19 – Pedestrian
Jogging, 23 – Failure to Dim Lights or
Have Lights on When Required, 24 –
Operating Without Required
Equipment, 27 – Improper or Erratic
Lane Changing, 30 – Making
Improper Entry to or Exit from
Trafficway, 34 – Passing on Wrong
Side, 35 – Passing with Insufficient
Distance or Inadequate Visibility or
Failing to Yield to Overtaking Vehicle,
36 – Operating the Vehicle in an
Erratic, Reckless, Careless or
Negligent Manner, 38 – Failure to
Yield the Right of Way, 39 – Failure to
Obey Actual Traffic Sign, 48 – Making
Other Improper Turn, 49 – Driving
Wrong Way on One Way Trafficway,
50 – Driving on Wrong Side of Road,
53 – Stopped in Roadway (Vehicle
Not Abandoned), 55 – Getting Off/Out
of or On/In to a Transport Vehicle, 79
– Live Animals in Road, 90 – NonMotorist Pushing a Vehicle.
• Added new remarks.

Old P5
New NM4

Non-Occupant
Striking Vehicle
Number
changed to
Number of
Motor Vehicle
Striking NonMotorist

X

X

• Element moved to Non-Motorist Person
Level form.
• Deleted attribute 000 - Not Applicable
– Occupant of a Motor Vehicle InTransport or Not In-Transport
(Including Parked/Stopped Off
Roadway/Working/In Motion Outside
In Trafficway).
• Added new remarks.
• Added GES Special Instructions.

NM7

Person Type

X

X

• Add new attribute: 88 – Not Reported.
• Moved attributes from P7 – Person
Type: 04 – Occupant of a Non-Motor
Vehicle Transport Device, 05 –
Pedestrian, 06 – Bicyclist, 07 – Other

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendices • 577

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

ELEMENT
#

ELEMENT
NAME

NEW/
REVISED
VALUES

Appendix F:
Summary of 2010 and 2011 FARS Changes

NEW/
REVISED
REMARKS

COMMENTS
Cyclist, 08 – Person on Personal
Conveyance, 10 – Person In/On
Buildings, 88 – Not Reported, 19 –
Unknown Type of Non-Motorist.
• Added new remarks.

NM9

Pedestrian/
Bike Typing

Old P15
New
NM10

Non-Occupant
Location
changed to
Non-Motorist
Location at
Time of Crash

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

X

X

• Added new element.
• Format – Element entered in MDE
system.
• Remarks added by headquarters
• Element moved to Non-Motorist Person
Level form.
• Added attributes: 14 – Parking Lane
Zone, 20 – Shoulder/Roadside, 21 –
Sidewalk, 22 – Median/Crossing
Island, 23 – Driveway Access, 24 –
Shared-Use Path/Trail, 25 – NonTrafficway Area, 28 – Other, 98 – Not
Reported.
• Deleted attributes: 00 – No Applicable
– Occupant of a Motor Vehicle InTransport or Not In-Transport
(Including Motor Vehicles
Parked/Stopped Off
Roadway/Working/In Motion Outside
the Trafficway) and Injured Railway
Train Occupants, 04 – Intersection –
On Roadway, Crosswalk Availability
Unknown, 05 – Intersection – Not on
Roadway, 12 – Non-Intersection – On
Roadway, Crosswalk not Available,
15 – Non-Intersection – On Road
Shoulder, 17 – Non-Intersection –
Outside Trafficway, 18 – NonIntersection – Other, Not on
Roadway, 19 – Non-Intersection –
Unknown.
• Updated to attributes: 01 – Intersection
– In Marked Crosswalk, 02 –
Intersection – On Roadway, Not in
Unmarked Crosswalk, 03 – Intersection
– On Roadway, Not In Crosswalk not
Available, 09 – Intersection – Unknown
Location, 10 – Non-Intersection – In
Marked Crosswalk, 14 – NonIntersection – In Parking Lane/Zone,
16 – Non-Intersection – Bike Path*

Appendices • 578

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

ELEMENT
#

ELEMENT
NAME

NEW/
REVISED
VALUES

Appendix F:
Summary of 2010 and 2011 FARS Changes

NEW/
REVISED
REMARKS

COMMENTS
Bicycle Lane, 99 – Unknown Location.
• Added new remarks.

New
NM11

Non-Motorist
Action/Circums
tances Prior to
Crash

X

X

• Added new element.
• Added attributes: 01 – Going To or
From School (K-12), 02 – Waiting to
Cross Roadway, 03 – Crossing
Roadway, 04 – Jogging/Running, 05 –
Movement Along Roadway with
Traffic (In or Adjacent to Travel
Lane), 06 – Movement Along
Roadway Against Traffic (In or
Adjacent to Travel Lane, 07 –
Movement on Sidewalk, 08 – In
Roadway – Other (Working, Playing,
Etc.), 09 – Adjacent to Roadway (e.g.,
Shoulder, Median), 10 – Working in
Trafficway (Incident Response), 11 –
Entering/Exiting a Vehicle, 12 –
Disabled Vehicle Related (Working
on, Pushing, Leaving/ Approaching),
14 – Other, 15 – None, 98 – Not
Reported, 99 – Unknown.
• Format: select all that apply.
• Added new remarks.

New
NM12

Non-Motorist
Action/Circums
tances at Time
of Crash

X

X

• Added new element.
• Added new attributes: 00 – No
Improper Action, 01 – Dart/Dash, 02 –
Failure to Yield Right-Of-Way, 3 –
Failure to Obey Traffic Signs, Signals
or Officer, 04 – In Roadway
Improperly (Standing, Lying,
Working, Playing), 05 – Entering/
Exiting a Vehicle, 06 – Inattentive
(Talking, Eating, Etc.), 07 – Improper
Turn/Merge, 08 – Improper Passing,
09 – Wrong-Way Riding or Walking,
10 – Driving on Wrong Side of Road,
12 – Improper Crossing of Roadway
or Intersection (Jaywalking), 13 –
Failing to Have Lights on When
Required, 14 – Operating Without
Required Equipment, 15 – Improper
or Erratic Lane Changing, 16 –
Failure to Keep in Proper Lane or
Running Off Road, 17 – Making
Improper Entry to or Exit from

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendices • 579

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

ELEMENT
#

ELEMENT
NAME

NEW/
REVISED
VALUES

Appendix F:
Summary of 2010 and 2011 FARS Changes

NEW/
REVISED
REMARKS

COMMENTS
Trafficway, 18 – Operating the
Vehicle in other Erratic, Reckless,
Careless or Negligent Manner, 19 –
Not Visible (Dark clothing, No
Lighting, etc.), 20 – Passing with
Insufficient Distance or Inadequate
Visibility or Failing to Yield to
Overtaking Vehicle, 21 – Other, 98 –
Not Reported, 99 – Unknown.
• Format: select all that apply.
• Added new remarks.

New
NM13

Non-Motorist
Safety
Equipment

X

X

• Added new element.
• Added new attributes: 0 – Not
Applicable, 1 – None Used, 2 –
Helmet, 4 – Protective Pads Used
(elbows, knees, shins, etc.), 3 –
Reflective Equipment/Clothing
(jacket, backpack, etc.), 5 – Lighting,
7 – Other Safety Equipment, 8 – Not
Reported, 9 – Unknown if Used.
• Format: select all that apply.
• Added new remarks.

New
NM25

Related Factors
– Person Level
(Not a Motor
Vehicle
Occupant)

X

X

• Added new element to form. Carry over
from Related Factors – Person Level.
• Deleted attributes: 01 – Not Visible, 02
– Darting, Running or Stumbling Into
Roadway, 03 – Improper Crossing of
Roadway or Intersection, 04 Walking/Riding With or Against
Traffic, 05 – Interfering With Driver,
06 – Ill, Passed Out/Blackout, 07 –
Emotional (e.g., Depression, Angry,
Disturbed), 10 – Inattentive, 11 –
Walking with Cane or Crutches, 12 –
Restricted to Wheelchair, 14 –
Impaired Due to Previous Injury, 15 –
Under the Influence of Alcohol, Drugs
or Medication, 16 – Blind, 17 – Other
Physical Impairment, 19 – Pedestrian
Jogging, 23 – Failure to Dim Lights or
Have Lights on When Required, 24 –
Operating Without Required
Equipment, 27 – Improper or Erratic
Lane Changing, 28 – Failure to Keep
in Proper Lane, 29 – Illegal Driving on
Road Shoulder, in Ditch, on Sidewalk

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendices • 580

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

ELEMENT
#

ELEMENT
NAME

NEW/
REVISED
VALUES

Appendix F:
Summary of 2010 and 2011 FARS Changes

NEW/
REVISED
REMARKS

COMMENTS
or on Median, 30 – Making Improper
Entry to or Exit from Trafficway, 32 –
Opening Vehicle Closure into Moving
Traffic or While Vehicle is in Motion,
33 – Passing Where Prohibited by
Posted Signs, Pavement Markings,
Hill or Curve, or School Bus
Displaying Warning Not to Pass Line,
34 – Passing on Wrong Side, 35 –
Passing with Insufficient Distance or
Inadequate Visibility or Failing to
Yield to Overtaking Vehicle, 36 –
Operating the Vehicle in an Erratic,
Reckless, Careless or Negligent
Manner, 38 – Failure to Yield the
Right of Way, 39 – Failure to Obey
Actual Traffic Sign, 44 – Driving Too
Fast for Conditions or in Excess of
Posted Maximum, 45 – Driving Less
Than Posted Minimum, 47 – Making
Right Turn from Left-Turn Lane, Left
Turn from Right-Turn Lane, 48 –
Making Other Improper Turn, 49 –
Driving Wrong Way on One Way
Trafficway, 50 – Driving on Wrong
Side of Road, 53 – Unfamiliar with
Roadway, 55 – Getting Off/Out of or
On/In to a Transport Vehicle, 59 –
Overcorrecting, 79 – Live Animals in
Road, 87 – Police or Law
Enforcement Officer, 88 – Seat Back
Not in Normal Upright Position, Seat
Back Reclined.
• Added new remarks.

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendices • 581

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix F:
Summary of 2010 and 2011 FARS Changes

New SAS Data Files in 2010
Locator
Code

2009
SAS Name

New 2010
SAS Names

Data Element Name

C17

N/A

Cevent.AOI1

Area of Impact (this)

C17

N/A

Cevent.AOI2

Area of Impact (other)

C17

N/A

Cevent.EVENTNUM

Event Number

C17

N/A

Cevent.SOE

Sequence of Event

N/A

Cevent.ST_CASE

Consecutive Number

N/A

Cevent.STATE

State Number

C17

N/A

Cevent.VNUMBER1

Vehicle Number (this)

C17

N/A

Cevent.VNUMBER2

Vehicle Number (other)

C17

N/A

Vevent.AOI1

Area of Impact (this)

C17

N/A

Vevent.AOI2

Area of Impact (other)

C17

N/A

Vevent.EVENTNUM

The number of the first event in the crash in which
this vehicle is involved (could be this vehicle or the
other vehicle in the SAS event data file).

C17

N/A

Vevent.SOE

Sequence of Event

N/A

Vevent.ST_CASE

Consecutive Number

N/A

Vevent.STATE

State Number

C17

N/A

Vevent.VNUMBER1

Vehicle Number (this)

C17

N/A

Vevent.VNUMBER2

Vehicle Number (other)

N/A

Vevent.VEH_NO

Vehicle Number

N/A

Vevent.VEVENTNUM

The number of event sequentially ordered for each
vehicle.

N/A

Vsoe.ST_CASE

Consecutive Number

N/A

Vsoe.STATE

State Number

C17

N/A

Vsoe.SOE

Sequence of Event

C17

N/A

Vsoe.AOI

Area of Impact associated with the event

N/A

Vsoe.VEVENTNUM

The number of event sequentially ordered for each
vehicle.

N/A

Vsoe.VEH_NO

Vehicle Number

C2/V2/D2/P
C2/P2/NM2
C1/V1/D1/P
C1/P1/NM1

C2/V2/D2/P
C2/P2/NM2
C1/V1/D1/P
C1/P1/NM1

V3/D3/PC3/
P3
New id data
element
C2/V2/D2/P
C2/P2/NM2
C1/V1/D1/P
C1/P1/NM1

New id data
element
V3/D3/PC3/
P3

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendices • 582

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Locator
Code

2009
SAS Name

Appendix F:
Summary of 2010 and 2011 FARS Changes

New 2010
SAS Names

Data Element Name

V3/D3/PC3/
P3

N/A

Parkwork.VEH_NO

Vehicle Number & Unit Type

V5

N/A

Parkwork.PTYPE

Unit Type

V9

N/A

Parkwork.PMAKE

Vehicle Make

V10

N/A

Parkwork.PMODEL

Vehicle Model

V11

N/A

Parkwork.PBODYTYP

Body Type

V12

N/A

Parkwork.PMODYEAR

Model Year

V13

N/A

Parkwork.PVIN

VIN

V7

N/A

Parkwork.PREG_STAT

Registration State

V22

N/A

Parkwork.PSP_USE

Special Use

V23

N/A

Parkwork.PEM_USE

Emergency use

V4

N/A

Parkwork.PNUMOCCS

Number of Occupants

V14

N/A

Parkwork.PTRAILER

Vehicle trailing

V34

N/A

Parkwork.PFIRE

Fire Occurrence

V29

N/A

Parkwork.PVEH_SEV

Extent of damage

V30

N/A

Parkwork.PTOWED

Vehicle Removal

V28

N/A

Parkwork.PIMPACT1

Area of Impact- Initial Damaged

V28

N/A

Parkwork.PIMPACT2

Area of Impact- Most Damaged

V19

N/A

Parkwork.Pcargtyp

Cargo body type

V20 - HM1

N/A

Parkwork.PHAZ_INV

V20 - HM2

N/A

Parkwork.PHAZPLAC

V20 - HM3

N/A

Parkwork.PHAZ_ID

V20 - HM4

N/A

Parkwork.PHAZ_CNO

V20 - HM5

N/A

Parkwork.PHAZ_REL

V100

N/A

Parkwork.MAK_MOD

Make Model

V21

N/A

Parkwork.PBUS_USE

Bus Use

C8

N/A

Parkwork.PDAY

Day

V150

N/A

Parkwork.PDEATHS

Fatals in Vehicle

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Hazardous Material Involvement/Placard
Involvement
Hazardous Material Involvement/Placard
Placard
Hazardous Material Involvement/Placard
Identification Number
Hazardous Material Involvement/Placard
Class Number
Hazardous Material Involvement/Placard
Released

-

Appendices • 583

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Locator
Code

2009
SAS Name

Appendix F:
Summary of 2010 and 2011 FARS Changes

New 2010
SAS Names

Data Element Name

V121

N/A

Parkwork.PFUECODE

Fuel Code

V17

N/A

Parkwork.PGVWR

GVWR

C18

N/A

Parkwork.PHARM_EV

First Harmful Event

V6

N/A

Parkwork.PHIT_RUN

Hit and Run

C9

N/A

Parkwork.PHOUR

Crash Time (HOUR)

V124

N/A

Parkwork.PMCYCL_DS

Motorcycle Engine Displacement (CC)

V16A

N/A

Parkwork.PMCARR_I1

MCID Issuing Authority

V16

N/A

Parkwork.PMCARR_I2

MCID Identification Number

V16B

N/A

Parkwork.PMCARR_ID

Motor Carrier Identification Number

V32

N/A

Parkwork.PM_HARM

Most Harmful Event

C19

N/A

Parkwork.PMAN_COLL

Manner of Collision

C9

N/A

Parkwork.PMINUTE

Crash Time (MINUTE)

C8

N/A

Parkwork.PMONTH

Crash Date (Month)

V8

N/A

Parkwork.POWNER

Registered Vehicle Owner

V122

N/A

Parkwork.PSER_TR

VIN Truck Series

V25

N/A

Parkwork.PUNDERIDE

Underride/Override

C4AA

N/A

Parkwork.PVE_FORMS

Number of Vehicle Forms Submitted for MV In
Transport

V13

N/A

Parkwork.PVIN

Vehicle Identification Number

V101

N/A

Parkwork.PVIN_1

VIN Character 1

V102

N/A

Parkwork.PVIN_2

VIN Character 2

V103

N/A

Parkwork.PVIN_3

VIN Character 3

V104

N/A

Parkwork.PVIN_4

VIN Character 4

V105

N/A

Parkwork.PVIN_5

VIN Character 5

V106

N/A

Parkwork.PVIN_6

VIN Character 6

V107

N/A

Parkwork.PVIN_7

VIN Character 7

V108

N/A

Parkwork.PVIN_8

VIN Character 8

V109

N/A

Parkwork.PVIN_9

VIN Character 9

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendices • 584

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Locator
Code

2009
SAS Name

Appendix F:
Summary of 2010 and 2011 FARS Changes

New 2010
SAS Names

Data Element Name

V110

N/A

Parkwork.PVIN_10

VIN Character 10

V111

N/A

Parkwork.PVIN_11

VIN Character 11

V112

N/A

Parkwork.PVIN_12

VIN Character 12

V115

N/A

Parkwork.PVINA_MOD

VIN Model

V114

N/A

Parkwork.PVINMAKE

VIN Make

V117

N/A

Parkwork.PVINMODYR

VIN Model Year

V113

N/A

Parkwork.PVINTYPE

VIN Vehicle Type

V116

N/A

Parkwork.PVIN_BT

VIN Body Type

V125

N/A

Parkwork.PVIN_LNGT

VIN Length

V118

N/A

Parkwork.PVIN_WGT

Curb Weight

V18

N/A

Parkwork.PV_CONFIG

Vehicle Configuration

V33

N/A

Parkwork.PVEH_SC1

Related Factors -1

V33

N/A

Parkwork.PVEH_SC2

Related Factors -2

V123

N/A

Parkwork.PWGTCD_TR

Truck Weight Rating

V120

N/A

Parkwork.PWHLBS_LG

Wheelbase Long

V119

N/A

Parkwork.PWHLBS_SH

Wheelbase Short

N/A

Parkwork.STATE

State Number

N/A

Parkwork.ST_CASE

Consecutive Number

N/A

Parkwork.VEH_NO

Vehicle Number

N/A

Distract.MDRDSTRD

Driver Distracted By

N/A

Distract.ST_CASE

Consecutive Number

N/A

Distract.STATE

State Number

N/A

Distract.VEH_NO

Vehicle Number

N/A

Factor.MFACTOR

Contributing Circumstances, Motor Vehicle

N/A

Factor.ST_CASE

Consecutive Number

N/A

Factor.STATE

State Number

C1/V1/D1/P
C1/P1/NM1
C2/V2/D2/P
C2/P2/NM2
V3/D3/PC3/
P3
PC16
C2/V2/D2/P
C2/P2/NM2
C1/V1/D1/P
C1/P1/NM1
V3/D3/PC3/
P3
PC4
C2/V2/D2/P
C2/P2/NM2
C1/V1/D1/P
C1/P1/NM1

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Appendices • 585

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Locator
Code

2009
SAS Name

New 2010
SAS Names

Appendix F:
Summary of 2010 and 2011 FARS Changes
Data Element Name

V3/D3/PC3/
P3

N/A

Factor.VEH_NO

Vehicle Number

D23

N/A

Drimpair.DRIMPAIR

Condition (Impairment) at Time of Crash

N/A

Drimpair.ST_CASE

Consecutive Number

N/A

Drimpair.STATE

State Number

N/A

Drimpair.VEH_NO

Vehicle Number

N/A

Nmimpair.NMIMPAIR

Condition (Impairment) at Time of Crash

N/A

Nmimpair.ST_CASE

Consecutive Number

N/A

Nmimpair.STATE

State Number

N/A

Nmimpair.VEH_NO

Vehicle Number

P4/NM4

N/A

Nmimpair.PER_NO

Person Number

PC15

AVOID

Maneuver.MDRMANAV

Driver Maneuvered to Avoid

N/A

Maneuver.ST_CASE

Consecutive Number

N/A

Maneuver.STATE

State Number

N/A

Maneuver.VEH_NO

Vehicle Number

N/A

Nmcrash.MTM_CRSH

Non Motorists Action/Circumstance at Time of
Crash

N/A

Nmcrash.ST_CASE

Consecutive Number

N/A

Nmcrash.STATE

State Number

P4/NM4

N/A

Nmcrash.PER_NO

Person Number

V3/D3/PC3/
P3

N/A

Nmcrash.VEH_NO

Vehicle Number

NM11

N/A

Nmprior.MPR_ACT

Non Motorists Action/Circumstance Prior to Crash

N/A

Nmprior.ST_CASE

Consecutive Number

N/A

Nmprior.STATE

State Number

P4/NM4

N/A

Nmprior.PER_NO

Person Number

V3/D3/PC3/
P3

N/A

Nmprior.VEH_NO

Vehicle Number

NM13

N/A

Safetyeq.MSAFEQMT

Non Motorists Safety Equipment

C2/V2/D2/P
C2/P2/NM2

N/A

Safetyeq.ST_CASE

Consecutive Number

C2/V2/D2/P
C2/P2/NM2
C1/V1/D1/P
C1/P1/NM1
V3/D3/PC3/
P3
NM14
C2/V2/D2/P
C2/P2/NM2
C1/V1/D1/P
C1/P1/NM1
V3/D3/PC3/
P3

C2/V2/D2/P
C2/P2/NM2
C1/V1/D1/P
C1/P1/NM1
V3/D3/PC3/
P3
NM12
C2/V2/D2/P
C2/P2/NM2
C1/V1/D1/P
C1/P1/NM1

C2/V2/D2/P
C2/P2/NM2
C1/V1/D1/P
C1/P1/NM1

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendices • 586

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Locator
Code

2009
SAS Name

New 2010
SAS Names

Appendix F:
Summary of 2010 and 2011 FARS Changes
Data Element Name

C1/V1/D1/P
C1/P1/NM1

N/A

Safetyeq.STATE

State Number

P4/NM4

N/A

Safetyeq.PER_NO

Person Number

V3/D3/PC3/
P3

N/A

Safetyeq.VEH_NO

Vehicle Number

D21

N/A

Violatn.MVIOLATN

Violations Charged

N/A

Violatn.ST_CASE

Consecutive Number

N/A

Violatn.STATE

State Number

N/A

Violatn.VEH_NO

Vehicle Number

D_VISION1,
D_VISION2,
D_VISION3

Vision.MVISOBSC

Driver's Vision Obscured By

N/A

Vision.ST_CASE

Consecutive Number

N/A

Vision.STATE

State Number

N/A

Vision.VEH_NO

Vehicle Number

C2/V2/D2/P
C2/P2/NM2
C1/V1/D1/P
C1/P1/NM1
V3/D3/PC3/
P3
PC14
C2/V2/D2/P
C2/P2/NM2
C1/V1/D1/P
C1/P1/NM1
V3/D3/PC3/
P3

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendices • 587

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix F:
Summary of 2010 and 2011 FARS Changes

Summary of the SAS Naming Changes in 2010
Locator
Code

2009
SAS Name

New 2010
SAS Name

Data Element Name

C20a

N/A

RELJCT1

Relation to Junction - Within Interchange Area

C20b

REL_JUNC

RELJCT2

Relation to Junction - Specific Location

PC5

TRAF_FLO

VTRAFWAY

Trafficway Description

PC6

NO_LANES

VNUM_LAN

Total Lanes in Roadway

PC7

SP_LIMIT

VSPD_LIM

Speed Limit

PC8

ALIGNMNT

VALIGN

Roadway Alignment

PC9

PROFILE

VPROFILE

Roadway Grade

PC10

PAVE_TYP

VPAVETYP

Roadway Surface Type

PC11

SUR_COND

VSURCOND

Roadway Surface Condition

PC12

TRA_CONT

VTRAFCON

Traffic Control Device

PC13

T_CONT_F

VTCONT_F

Traffic Control Device Functioning

C21

N/A

TYP_INT

Type of Intersection

V113

N/A

VINTYPE

VIN Vehicle Type

V114

N/A

VINMAKE

VIN Make

V117

N/A

VINMODYR

VIN Model Year

PC23

N/A

ACC_TYPE

Accident Type

V121

N/A

FUELCODE

Fuel Code

V126

N/A

TIRE_SZE

Original Tire Size

V127

N/A

DISPLACE

Cubic Inch Displacement

V128

N/A

CYLINDER

Number of Cylinders

V129

N/A

CARBUR

Carburetion

V130

N/A

WHLDRWHL

Number of wheels/driver wheels

V131

N/A

TON_RAT

Ton Rating

V132

N/A

TRK_WT

Shipping Weight

V133

N/A

TRKWTVAR

Shipping Weight Variance

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendices • 588

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Locator
Code

2009
SAS Name

Appendix F:
Summary of 2010 and 2011 FARS Changes

New 2010
SAS Name

Data Element Name

V134

N/A

VIN_REST

VIN Restraint Type

V135

N/A

MCYCL_WT

Dry Weight

V136

N/A

MCYCL_CY

Number of Engine Cycles

P11

N/A

REST_MIS

Any Indication of Mis-Use of Restraint
System/Helmet Use

The data elements in RED are new to 2010 FARS.
The data elements in BLUE are changed in 2010 FARS.

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendices • 589

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix F:
Summary of 2010 and 2011 FARS Changes

Trafficway Descriptor Data Elements in 2010
As part of the data standardization effort to harmonize the data in FARS and NASS GES and
align both data systems with the data elements recommended in MMUCC, nine data elements
were moved from the Crash Level in FARS to the a new Precrash Level method of collection.
Some data elements also had title changes as a result. The changes are identified below with
bold/italics. Those data elements are:

2009 Crash Level Data elements

2010 Precrash Level Data elements

C21 Trafficway Flow (TRAF_FLO)

PC5 Trafficway Description (VTRAFWAY)

C22 Number of Travel Lanes (NO_LANES)

PC6 Total Lanes in Roadway (VNUM_LAN)

C23 Speed Limit (SP_LIMIT)

PC7 Speed Limit (VSPD_LIM)

C24 Roadway Alignment (ALIGNMNT)

PC8 Roadway Alignment (VALIGN)

C25 Roadway Profile (PROFILE)

PC9 Roadway Grade (VPROFILE)

C26 Roadway Surface Type (PAVE_TYP)

PC10 Roadway Surface Type (VPAVETYP)

C27 Roadway Surface Condition (SUR_COND)

PC11 Roadway Surface Condition (VSURCOND)

C29 Traffic Control Device (TRAF_CON)

PC12 Traffic Control Device (VTRAFCON)

C30 Traffic Control Device Functioning (T_CONT_F)

PC13 Traffic Control Device Functioning (VTCONT_F)

In the FARS data collection years 2009 and prior, the set of data elements above-left (C21-C27)
provided details about the characteristics of the trafficway to which the crash had been
assigned. Crashes were assigned to the trafficway on which the First Harmful Event occurred.
If the First Harmful Event occurred outside the boundaries of a trafficway (e.g. private property),
the crash was assigned to the trafficway on which the vehicle was traveling when the
Unstabilized Situation began.
In at-intersection crashes, assignment was to the highest function class of trafficway at the
intersection. If the vehicles were traveling on two different trafficways of equal function class
prior to an at-intersection crash, it was assigned to the trafficway on which the motor vehicle
precipitating the crash was traveling.
The data elements C29 Traffic Control Device and C30 Traffic Control Device Functioning were
coded with respect to the control most applicable to the crash. If more than one device was
present, the highest device (lowest number on the attribute list) most related to the crash was
selected.
In the FARS data collection years starting in 2010, this set of data elements above-right (PC5PC13) provide details about the characteristics of the trafficway that each in-transport motor
vehicle was traveling on just prior to its Critical Precrash Event. The Critical Precrash Event is
the event which made the crash imminent (i.e., something occurred which made the collision
possible). For vehicles departing the trafficway prior to their critical precrash events, the
trafficway selected for classification is the one the vehicle departed. If this vehicle is in a junction
just prior to its critical precrash event, the trafficway selected for classification is the one it is on
before entering the junction.

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Appendices • 590

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix F:
Summary of 2010 and 2011 FARS Changes

While these data elements were still collecting the same general information in 2010, there are
some important differences to note. First, by being collected for each vehicle, different
trafficway characteristics could be recorded for each vehicle in the crash. Second, in some
circumstances the procedural change to being recorded for each vehicle based on its precrash
location rather than the location of the first harmful event resulted in different data being
provided than would have been in the same crash in prior years.
The types of crashes most affected by the change were those that occur in junction. For
example, in a crash where two vehicles were traveling on the same trafficway in opposite
directions (e.g. North-South) that have an at-intersection crash in the junction of a higher
function class trafficway, the characteristics of the lower class trafficway that each of the
vehicles were traveling on before entering the intersection area are recorded in the data
elements PC5-PC13 for each vehicle. In prior years, the characteristics of the higher functional
class trafficway would have appeared on the Crash Level. Also note that in such a case, on the
Crash Level this crash would still be recoded to the higher functional class trafficway in the data
elements C10 National Highway System, C11 Roadway Function Class, C12 Route Signing,
and C13 Trafficway Identifier and none of the vehicle level characteristics can be attributed to
this trafficway.

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Appendices • 591

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix F:
Summary of 2010 and 2011 FARS Changes

New in 2011 FARS

2011 Data Elements with Changes in Definitions and Attributes
Below is a list of FARS data elements that have substantial changes for 2011.

DATA
ELEMENT
#

DATA
ELEMENT
NAME

NEW/
REVISED
VALUES

C3

Number of
Forms
Submitted for
Persons Not
in Motor
Vehicles

X

C14

Milepoint

X

NEW/
REVISED
REMARKS

COMMENTS

▪ Update Range to: 00-99.

X

▪ Changed format from 5 alphanumeric to
5 numeric.

▪ Updated element attributes with the
addition of the decimal point.
X

▪ Delete attribute 98 – Not Reported

X

X

▪ Delete attribute 98 – Not Reported

EMS Time at
Hospital

X

X

▪ Added new attribute 9996 – Transport

V4

Number of
Occupants

X

X

▪ Delete attribute 98 - Not Reported

V9

Vehicle Make

X

X

▪ Added new Make 66 - Mahindra

V10

Vehicle
Model

X

C17

Crash
EventsSequence of
Events

C18

First Harmful
Event

C30

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Terminated.

▪ Add new attribute 598 – Low Speed
Vehicle (LSV) / Neighborhood Electric
Vehicle (NEV) and 870 – Medium/Heavy
Van-Based Vehicle.

Appendices • 592

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

DATA
ELEMENT
#
V10

DATA
ELEMENT
NAME

Appendix F:
Summary of 2010 and 2011 FARS Changes

NEW/
REVISED
VALUES

NEW/
REVISED
REMARKS

X

X

Body Type

COMMENTS

▪ Added new attributes: 55 – Van-Based
Bus GVWR > 10,000 lbs. and 94 – Low
Speed Vehicle (LSV) / Neighborhood
Electric Vehicle (NEV)
▪ Updated attributes: 61 – Single-unit
straight truck or Cab-Chassis (10,000
lbs. < GVWR < or = 19,500 lbs.), 62 –
Single-unit straight truck or Cab-Chassis
(19,500 lbs. < GVWR < or = 26,000 lbs.),
63 – Single-unit straight truck or CabChassis (GVWR > 26,000 lbs.), 64 –
Single-unit straight truck or Cab-Chassis
(GVWR unknown).

V27

Location of
Rollover

X

V31

Sequence of
Events

X

V32

Most Harmful
Event

D5

Driver’s
License State

D6

X

▪ Add new attribute: 7 – In Parking
Lane/Zone

X

▪ Removal of attribute 98 - Not Reported

X

▪ Added new remarks.
▪ Removal of attribute 98 - Not Reported

X

X

▪ Delete attribute 00 - No Driver Present

Driver’s Zip
Code

X

X

▪ Delete attribute 99997 - No Driver

D23/
NM14

Condition
(Impairment)
at Time of
Crash

X

D24

Related
FactorsDriver Level

PC7

Speed Limit

Present
X

▪ Updated attribute 99 – Unknown If
Physically Impaired.

X

▪ Updated attribute 12 – Mother of Dead
Fetus/ Mother of Infant Born Post
Crash

X

X

▪ Change attribute range from 01-95 to 0580 (in 5 mph increments).

PC12

Traffic
Control
Device

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

X

X

▪ Updated attributes: 32 23 – School
Zone

Appendices • 593

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix F:
Summary of 2010 and 2011 FARS Changes

DATA
ELEMENT
#

DATA
ELEMENT
NAME

NEW/
REVISED
VALUES

NEW/
REVISED
REMARKS

PC14

Driver Vision
Obscured By

X

X

Driver
Maneuvered
to Avoid

X

Driver
Distracted By

X

Pre-Event
Movement
(Prior to
Recognition
of Critical
Event)

X

Critical
EventPrecrash
(Event)

X

P7/NM7

Person Type

X

P8/NM8

Injury
Severity

PC15

PC16

PC17

PC19

P26/NM25

Related
FactorsPerson Level
(Motor
Vehicle
Occupant)

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

COMMENTS

▪ Updated attribute: 95 - No Driver Present
/ Unknown if Driver Present

X

▪ Updated attribute: 95 - No Driver Present
/ Unknown if Driver Present

X

▪ Updated attribute: 16 - No Driver Present
/ Unknown if Driver Present

X

▪ Updated attributes: 02 – Decelerating in
Roadway, 03 – Accelerating in Roadway,
04 – Starting in Roadway, 05 – Stopped
in Traffic Lane in Roadway. 07 –
Disabled or “Parked” in Travel Lane

X

▪ Updated attributes: 15 – Turning left at
trafficway junction, 16 – Turning right at
trafficway junction, 80 – Pedestrian in
roadway road, 81 – Pedestrian
approaching roadway road, 83 –
Pedalcyclist or other non-motorist in
roadway road (specify:), 84 –
Pedalcyclist or other non-motorist
approaching roadway road (specify:),
85 – Pedalcyclist or other non-motorist
unknown location (specifiy:),87 – Animal
in roadway road, 88 – Animal
approaching roadway road, 90 – Object
in roadway road, 91 – Object
approaching roadway road

X

X

▪ Deleted attribute: 88 - Not Reported.

X

▪ Deleted attribute: 8 – Not Reported

X

▪ Updated attributes: 18 – Mother of Dead
Fetus/ Mother of Infant Born Post
Crash

Appendices • 594

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix F:
Summary of 2010 and 2011 FARS Changes

Summary of the SAS Naming Changes in 2011
Locator
Code

2010
SAS Name

New 2011
SAS Name

Data Element Name

C3A

N/A

PERNOTMVIT

Number of Persons Not in Motor Vehicles in
Transport (MVIT)

C4B

N/A

PVH_INVL

Number of Parked/Working Vehicles Involved

C5A

N/A

PERMVIT

Number of Persons in Motor Vehicles in Transport
(MVIT)

V126

N/A

TIRE_SZE

Original Tire Size

V127

N/A

DISPLACE

Cubic Inch Displacement

V128

N/A

CYLINDER

Number of Cylinders

V129

N/A

CARBUR

Carburetion

V130

N/A

WHLDRWHL

Number of Wheels/Drive Wheels

V131

N/A

TON_RAT

Ton Rating

V132

N/A

TRK_WT

Shipping Weight

V133

N/A

TRKWTVAR

Shipping Weight Variance

V134

N/A

VIN_REST

VIN Restraint Type

V135

N/A

MCYCL_WT

Dry Weight

V136

N/A

MCYCL_CY

Number of Engine Cycles

NM4

N_MOT_NO

STR_VEH

Number of Motor Vehicle Striking Non-Motorist

The data elements in RED are new to 2011 FARS.
The data elements in BLUE are changed in 2011 FARS.

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Appendices • 595

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix G:
Changes to the FARS VIN Decoded Data Elements

Appendix G:
Changes to the FARS VIN Decoded Data Elements
FARS implemented a new structure for its VIN decoded data elements in 2013. This was
warranted due to the renovation of the RL Polk VIN verification and decoding program. RL Polk
upgraded their PC VINA VIN validation and decoding program to their new VINtelligence
application, and no longer supports PC VINA. The FARS data collection software was therefore
retooled to work with the VINtelligence application. The output is now stored in the Vindecode
data file. The data file contains 100 VIN decoded data elements. Descriptions of these data
elements are provided below from the Polk VINtelligence Deluxe Package and Field
Descriptions documentation.
Note: The twelve characters of the VIN are still provided as individual data elements (V101V112) in the Vehicle and Parkwork data files. The 24 VIN decoded data elements that used to
be on the Vehicle, Parkwork and Person data files were discontinued in 2013. These data
elements can still be found in the discontinued sections of the Vehicle and Parkwork data files in
this Manual.
Element
Identifier

SAS Name

Field Description

V200

ABS

(Brakes- ABS Code) A code that describes whether a vehicle has or does not
have anti-lock brakes, and what kind of brakes they are. (Not coded for heavy
truck). This is based on the series code that is assigned the vehicle from VINA.

V201

ABS_T

(Brakes- ABS Code) description

V202

BATKWRTG

The measure of total battery power expressed in kilowatts. For example: 71KW,
85KW, 75KW, 67KW.

V203

BATTYP

A value that identifies the kind of battery in the vehicle. For example: PbA- Lead
Acid, NMH- Nickel Metal Hydride.

V204

BATTYP_T

The description of the Polk assigned code for the Battery Type Code. For
example: PbA- Lead Acid, NMH- Nickel Metal Hydride.

V205

BATVOLT

The voltage rating of the battery as provided by the manufacturer.

V206

BLOCKTYPE

(Block Type) Description

V207

BODYSTYL

A Polk assigned code that describes the body style of the vehicle. For example,
CP=Coupe.

V208

BODYSTYL_T

The description of the Polk assigned code Body Style Code For example: Coupe

V209

CARBBRLS

The number of barrels on a carbureted engine.

V210

CARBTYPE

Carburetion types include "Carburetor”, “Fuel Injection”, N/A

V211

CARBTYPE_T

The description of the Polk assigned code which identifies the vehicle
carburetion type. For example Carburetor, Fuel Injection, Unknown or Electric.

V212

CYCLES

(Cycle Count) Refers to the cycle or stroke of an engine. 2-strokes are
lightweight and simpler, but they burn oil, by design. Few cars on the road in
North America are two-strokes, the last one offered was a 1967 Saab.

V213

CYLNDRS

Contains a code that represents the number of cylinders a vehicle's combustion
engine can have.

V214

DISPCLMT

(Displacement Liters) displacement in rounded Liters, where 1,000 cubic
centimeters = 1 liter. Even domestic makes will advertise displacement in terms
of liters (e.g. 5.0 liter mustang, which equates to a 302 CID or 4967 cc
displacement).

V215

DISPLCC

(Displacement CC) displacement in cubic centimeters. We intend to use this as
the definitive, exact displacement value, i.e. 4967 cc.

V216

DISPLCI

(Displacement CID) displacement in cubic inches. This is a rounded, marketing

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendices • 596

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Element
Identifier

SAS Name

Appendix G:
Changes to the FARS VIN Decoded Data Elements

Field Description
value, like 302 cubic inches, instead of 4967 cc.

V217

DOORS

The number of doors the vehicle has

V218

DRIVETYP

(Drive Type) This element describes type of driving configuration for cars and
trucks such as FWD, AWD, RWD.

V219

DRIVETYP_T

(Drive Type) description

V220

DRIVWHLS

Number of wheels driven by the power train. For example in a 6x4 configuration
this would be the 4.

V221

DRL

(Daytime Running Lights)A Polk assigned code that identifies whether or not the
vehicle has daytime running lights.

V222

DRL_T

(Daytime Running Lights) description

V223

ENGHEAD

(Head Configuration) Describes the cylinder head's camshaft/valve
configuration.

V224

ENGHEAD_T

(Head Configuration) description

V225

ENGMFG

(Mfr.) A Polk assigned code given to the original equipment manufacture of the
within a vehicle

V226

ENGMFG_T

(Mfr.) description

V227

ENGMODEL

(Model) description

V228

ENGVINCD

(Code) Code derived from the VIN (not the secondary VIN for a motorcycle).
Usually a single character, some manufactures give full positions 4-8 and engine
information from that; they do not break it down any further.

V229

ENGVVT

Used to determine if a car has Variable Valve Timing

V230

FUEL

(Fuel) What an internal combustion burns to move a piston in a cylinder

V231

FUEL_T

(Fuel) description

V232

FUELINJ

The type of fuel injection

V233

FUELINJ_T

The type of fuel injection used by a vehicle. For example, Direct, Throttle body

V234

GVWRANGE

Contains a code that identifies the Polk standard groupings of gross vehicle
weights to which a vehicle may belong. This information is typically captured only
for trucks.

V235

GVWRANGE_T

The description for the manufacturers assigned Gross Vehicle Weight (GVW) for
trucks. This rating may or may not equal the actual GVW.

V236

INCOMPLT

Indicator that signifies whether the vehicle is consider "incomplete" (Y/N)

V237

MCYUSAGE

A further breakdown of body style for motorcycles to indicate if is it On-Road or
Off-Road.

V238

MCYUSAGE_T

A further breakdown of body style for motorcycles to indicate if is it On-Road or
Off-Road.

V239

MFG

(Vehicle Manufacturer Name) Standard abbreviation of the name of the vehicle
manufacturer, i.e. General Motors, as defined by the National Crime Information
Center

V240

MFG_T

(Vehicle Manufacturer Name) The name of the vehicle manufacturer, i.e.
General Motors, as defined by the National Crime Information Center

V241

MSRP

Contains the base price of the vehicle as designated by the OEM's
specifications. BASE PRICE includes only the price for the base model of the
vehicle, excluding any optional equipment that may have been added as a result
of the vehicle's TRIM LEVEL.

V242

NCICMAKE

Contains the Polk standardized abbreviation for the OEM's vehicle make. The
vehicle make generally contains what the general public usually considers to be
a vehicle brand name, for example, Chrysler, Dodge, Ford, Mercury, Toyota,

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendices • 597

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Element
Identifier

SAS Name

Appendix G:
Changes to the FARS VIN Decoded Data Elements

Field Description
GMC, Chevy, etc.

V243

ORIGIN

(Origin) A code that indicates the origin of a vehicle.

V244

ORIGIN_T

(Origin) description

V245

PLANT

(Plant Code) Plant code where vehicle was manufactured.

V246

PLNTCITY

(City) This is the city where the plant is located.

V247

PLNTCTRY

A code representing the country the plant is in.

V248

PLNTCTRY_T

(Country) This is the country where the plant is located. Example values are
USA, Canada and Japan.

V249

PLNTSTAT

A code representing the state or province the plant is in.

V250

PLNTSTAT_T

(State or Province) This is the state or province (Canada) location of the plant.

V251

PSI_F

(Front Tire Pressure) Vehicle Mfr. recommendation for tire pressure, in
pounds/sq. in.

V252

PSI_R

(Rear Tire Pressure) Vehicle Mfr. recommendation for tire pressure, in
pounds/sq. in.

V253

REARSIZE

The size of the rear tires. example "17R245"

V254

REARSIZE_T

(Rear Tire Size Description) As in "17R245"

V255

RSTRNT

(Restraint Type) A Polk assigned code that identifies the type of restraints that a
vehicle has based on VIN.

V256

RSTRNT_T

(Restraint Type) description

V257

SALECTRY

(Country Sold / Specific Market) Country where the vehicle is planned to be sold
(may have different emissions standards).

V258

SALECTRY_T

(Country Sold / Specific Market) description

V259

SECURITY

(Security Type) Describes the security system (if any) installed on this model.

V260

SECURITY_T

(Security Type) description

V261

SEGMNT

The Polk standard segmentation code

V262

SEGMNT_T

Description of SEGMENTATION_CODE that represents the Polk Standard
Segmentation applied.

V263

SHIPWEIGHT

Contains the base weight of the vehicle, rounded to the nearest one hundred
pounds, as defined in the OEM's specifications. The base weight of a vehicle is
the empty weight of the base model of the vehicle (i.e., the stripped down
version of the vehicle)

V264

SUPCHRGR

Indicates if the engine has a supercharger or not.

V265

SUPCHRGR_T

Indicates if the engine has a supercharger or not. Yes, No or Unknown.

V266

TIREDESC_F

(Front Tire) More specific tire description (ex. Michelin Eagle P245/40ZR)”

V267

TIREDESC_R

(Rear Tire) More specific tire description (ex. Michelin Eagle P245/40ZR)”

V268

TIRESZ_F

Describes the size of the front tire. For example "17R245"

V269

TIRESZ_F_T

(Front Tire Size Description) As in "17R245"

V270

TKAXLEF

(Axle- Type, Front Axle) The location of the front axle of a truck tractor. Set
forward increases stability on the highway, Setback increases maneuverability in
tight spaces.

V271

TKAXLEF_T

(Axle- Type, Front Axle) short description

V272

TKAXLER

(Axle- Type, Rear Axle) Represents rear axle configuration on a truck tractor.
Tandem axles increase load bearing capability.

V273

TKAXLER_T

(Axle- Type, Rear Axle) short description

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendices • 598

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix G:
Changes to the FARS VIN Decoded Data Elements

Element
Identifier

SAS Name

Field Description

V274

TKBEDL

(Bed Length) Code representing the manufacturer's description of the relative
size of the cargo area of a pickup truck or van. A "long" Ford Ranger bed
(compact pickup) may well be shorter than a "short" bed on an F350 (large
industrial pickup).

V275

TKBEDL_T

(Bed Length) description

V276

TKBRAK

(Brake Type) The type of brakes on the Vehicle (currently commercial truck
only). Truck VIN determines this currently

V277

TKBRAK_T

(Brake Type) description

V278

TKCAB

(Cab Configuration) Cab Type describes the physical configuration of a truck's
cabin.

V279

TKCAB_T

(Cab Configuration) medium description

V280

TKDUTY

(Duty Type) A Polk assigned code that represents the duty type of a truck
engine, based on manufacturer information.

V281

TKDUTY_T

(Duty Type) medium description

V282

TONRATING

(Tonnage Rating) description

V283

TURBO

Indicates if the engine has a turbocharger.

V284

TURBO_T

Indicates if the engine has a turbocharger. Yes, No or Unknown.

V285

VEHTYPE

A Polk assigned code that defines the type of a vehicle represented by a specific
VIN. For example: M,P,C or T.

V286

VEHTYPE_T

The description of the Polk assigned code for the vehicle type code. For
example: passenger, truck, motorcycle, commercial trailer.

V287

VINMAKE_T

(Make- Name) Full name of the make (i.e. Chevrolet)

V288

VINMODEL_T

(Model Code) description

V289

VINTRIM_T

The Trim of the vehicle

VINTRIM1_T

The trim of the vehicle. This field is used when a VIN Pattern could have more
than 1 trim assigned.

VINTRIM2_T

The trim of the vehicle. This field is used when a VIN Pattern could have more
than 2 trims assigned.

VINTRIM3_T

The trim of the vehicle. This field is used when a VIN Pattern could have more
than 3 trims assigned.

VINTRIM4_T

The trim of the vehicle. This field is used when a VIN Pattern could have more
than 4 trims assigned.

V290
V291
V292
V293
V294

VINYEAR

The marketing year defined by the OEM within which the vehicle was produced.
The value contained in this attribute may not always match the calendar year in
which the vehicle was actually manufactured. Many OEMs release models prior
to calendar year.

V295

VLVCLNDR

(Valves Per Cylinder) Number of intake/exhaust valves per cylinder.

V296

VLVTOTAL

(Valves Total) Total number of intake/exhaust valves.

V297

WHEELS

The number of wheel ends on the vehicle. For example in a 6x4 configuration
this would be the 6.

V298

WHLBLG

Contains the longest distance between the front and rear axles of a vehicle in
inches for a particular series of that vehicle.

V299

WHLBSH

Contains the distance between the front and rear axles of a vehicle in inches of
the base model of the vehicle.

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendices • 599

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix H:
Pedestrian and Bicyclist Data:
Availability of 2014 and 2015 Data

Appendix H:
Pedestrian and Bicyclist Data:
Availability of 2014 and 2015 Data
The development of effective countermeasures to prevent pedestrian and bicyclist crashes is
often hindered by State crash files that contain insufficient details about these types of crashes.
To remedy this issue, Pedestrian and Bicycle Crash Typing was developed to describe the precrash actions of the involved parties to better define the sequence of events and precipitating
actions leading to crashes between motor vehicles and pedestrians or bicyclists. In 2010, the
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) adopted parts of a stand-alone crash
typing application called Pedestrian and Bicycle Crash Analysis Tool (PBCAT) into its two
records based data collection systems, the Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS) and the
National Automotive Sampling System (NASS) General Estimates System (GES). PBCAT was
developed by the Federal Highway Administration’s (FHWA) contractor, the University of North
Carolina Highway Safety Research Center (UNC-HSRC). (More about the PBCAT can be found
at http://www.pedbikeinfo.org/pbcat_us/.)
As part of the integration, NHTSA performed extensive quality control checks and analysis using
the 2010 and 2011 data. The results of the analysis highlighted definitional differences between
the PBCAT application and the coded data elements already included in FARS and NASS GES.
As a result, NHTSA removed the Pbtype data file from the 2010 and 2011 FARS and NASS
GES while research was conducted on how improvements could be made. Throughout the 2012
and 2013 data collection years, NHTSA continued to collect the pedestrian and bicycle data for
internal use so that it could be monitored for consistency and stability. During this period
NHTSA and FHWA worked collaboratively to identify issues and implement improvements.
Following this period of research and evaluation, NHTSA began capturing new and improved
pedestrian and bicyclist data beginning with the 2014 data collection year resulting in the
following Pbtype data elements being reinstated:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•

PB30 – Crash Type - Pedestrian
PB31 – Crash Type Location - Pedestrian
PB32 – Pedestrian Position
PB33 – Pedestrian Initial Direction of Travel
PB34 – Motorist Direction
PB35 – Motorist Maneuver
PB36 – Intersection Leg
PB37 – Pedestrian Scenario
PB38 – Crash Group – Pedestrian
PB30B – Crash Type - Bicycle
PB31B – Crash Location - Bicycle
PB32B – Bicyclist Position
PB33B – Bicyclist Direction
PB38B – Crash Group - Bicyclist

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendices • 600

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendix H:
Pedestrian and Bicyclist Data:
Availability of 2014 and 2015 Data

The Ped/Bike Wizard Application
In FARS and NASS GES, pedestrian and bicycle crash typing is accomplished through a
software application referred to as the Ped/Bike Wizard. The wizard is embedded within a larger
set of elements collected for non-motorists (see FARS/NASS GES/CRSS Coding and Validation
Manual). The wizard is automatically presented when a non-motorist with a certain person type
is entered from the set of seven non-motorist person types collected in FARS and NASS GES.
The Ped/Bike Wizard application is only presented for the following four person types:
• Pedestrian
• Persons on Personal Conveyances
• Bicyclist
• Other Cyclist
By following on-screen prompts and clicking on choices in the wizard, the FARS Analyst or
NASS GES Case Coder enters data into the file without typing each specific data element’s
attribute (numeric code) represented in this manual. In the data entry process, the FARS
Analyst or NASS GES Case Coder must analyze each crash and recognize the appropriate
selection in the hierarchy established by the sequence of screens in the wizard. Entry of the
data elements and attributes in this manual is structured in the Ped/Bike Wizard such that the
selections available on each successive entry screen are limited by the prior choices.
Consequently, while all of the data elements collected by the Ped/Bike Wizard are defined in
this manual, the wizard entry screens are limited by the FARS Analyst’s or NASS GES Case
Coder’s selection at each step through the application.

FARS Analytical User’s Manual

Appendices • 601
13282-100417-v8

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