Truck & Trailer Size Weight 2017 12 Illinois Limits Tolerances
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ON THE ROAD SIZE & WEIGHT LIMITS FOR ILLINOIS FARMERS All roads in Illinois have standardized weight limits based on what is called the Federal Bridge Formula. That formula establishes both a gross weight limit and an axle weight limit for roads and bridges. The formula varies the allowable gross weight based on axle spacing. But allowable weights can also be influenced by reduced weight limit postings, license plate limits, manufacturers’ weight ratings of equipment, and more. Allowable dimensions of vehicles, too, are generally restricted and must be heeded when on public roads. Size & Weight Limits [625 ILCS 5/15-111] The allowable width, height and weight of trucks and trailers operating in Illinois is based on uniform standards, but can vary by road system if restrictions are posted. Allowable lengths vary. Federal bridge formula allows 20,000# per single axle, 34,000# per tandem axle, and 80,000# maximum gross vehicle weight (GVW.) The number of axles and their spacing determines the allowable gross weight. Width limit is 102 inches on all roads unless a narrower restriction is posted. Length (semi) Class I & II routes: overall unlimited; trailer 53’ Other State Highways: overall 65’; trailer 53’ Local Class III routes: overall 65’; trailer 53’ Other Local Roads: overall 55’; length of trailer not specified. (See “Access”) A tandem axle is defined as any two or more single axles whose centers are more than 40 inches and not more than 96 inches apart (on-centers.) The registered (licensed) weight of the vehicle also imposes an enforceable weight restriction. For information on the allowable dimension and weight of trucks and trailers operating on state and local roads in Illinois check the IDOT website at http://www.idot.illinois.gov/assets/uploads/files/idot-forms/ oper/oper%20753.pdf License Plates Single trucks must be registered (licensed) to cover the gross weight of vehicle and its load. When trucks and trailers are used in combination, it is not necessary to have the license plate on each vehicle cover the weight carried by that individual vehicle. Illinois’ “marriage of licenses” provision means that when two licensed vehicles are used in combination, the sum of their licensed weights must meet or exceed the sum of their gross weights. [625 ILCS 5/3-401(c-1)(3)] Designated Routes There are three classes of designated routes: Class I – Interstate-type routes, allows some vehicles longer than on Class II routes; Class II – Generally, major state highways, allows some vehicles longer than on Class III or on non-designated routes; Class III – [Local roads only] Allows longer combination vehicles than otherwise allowed. The “Class III” designation is no longer used on State routes, but local jurisdictions may choose to. For that local designation to be effective, signs must be posted showing the route to be Class II or Class III. Scale Program The Illinois State Police and IDOT jointly operate semiportable scales among 21 state police districts. Many state troopers carry portable (“pancake” or “wheel load weigher”) scales in their squad cars. There are approximately 32 permanent scale sites operated by the State of Illinois. An IDOT team is generally assigned to a state police district for five days per week and assists officers by setting up the scale. The officer-in-charge determines a scale's location, and the police enforce weight regulations, not IDOT staff. IDOT’s portable and semi-portable scales are re-calibrated by IDOA two times each year – twice as often as required of commercial scales. Tolerance [625 ILCS 5/15-112(e)] State law provides a “tolerance” for vehicle overweight to accommodate uncertainties in loading. Vehicles registered for 73,280# or less are allowed a 2,000# tolerance for axle weight and a 2,000# tolerance for gross weight. Vehicles registered for more than 73,280# are allowed a 2,000# tolerance for axle weight but only 1,000# for gross weight. The gross weight tolerance jumps to 2,000# when weighed on portable scales. Tolerance does not apply to the registered (licensed) weight of the vehicle. If overweight but within the tolerance, the vehicle must be parked so the weight can be shifted or removed. Once within legal limits, the vehicle will be allowed to proceed and no overweight ticket will be issued. Drivers' Rights Permits [625 ILCS 5/15-301] All permits for overweight or over-dimension should be obtained in writing. Each road jurisdiction issues its own permits – no jurisdiction may issue permits for another without prior intergovernmental agreement. Overweight permits for gross weights are generally available only for “non-divisible” loads, (i.e.: large equipment or construction components than cannot readily be disassembled.) State law generally does not allow road officials to issue permits for “divisible” loads such as grain or livestock, except under a Harvest Season Emergency. Overweight axle permits are available to farmers operating trucks hauling grain, livestock, fruits and vegetables, or ensilage. This allows the axle(s) to exceed standard weight limits by: 2-axle truck = 35% 3-axle truck = 20% 4-axle truck = 20% 5-axle truck = 10% It does not allow additional gross weight and it does not allow weights in excess of the registered (licensed) weight. This permit is not available for Interstate highways. [625 ILCS 5/15-301(e)] A police officer checking a truck's weight may direct the driver to the nearest available scale certified by the Illinois Department of Agriculture. [625 ILCS 5/15-112] State Police generally favor using state-owned scales. The driver may request, but not demand, an alternate location. Portable and semi-portable scales should be placed in a location that does not present a traffic hazard and that is relatively level and firm. Up to a 3% grade is generally within the scale’s tolerance but in no case should the vehicle roll due to the slope of the scale. Don’t The vehicle’s brakes should not be applied overlaod . . and no on-board mixing equipment should be operating while being weighed. save your Accumulations of mud, snow and ice generally may be removed from the outside of road. the vehicle before it is weighed, but not once on the scale. Fines [625 ILCS 5/15-113] When police issue an overweight citation, the driver generally will not be allowed to move the vehicle until bond is posted in the amount of the fine (perishable loads may be excepted.) The circuit clerk in each county usually determines the form of acceptable bond. Most accept some form of certified check or money order, but not all accept personal checks or even cash. Generally, fines start at about $70 per 500# overweight for lesser violations and incrementally increase. For overweight violations of 5,001# or more, the fine is $1,500 plus $150 for each additional 500# or portion thereof. These fines are double what they were prior to 2010. . The State’s permit form for hauling ag products is available at: https://truckpermits.dot.illinois.gov/. All oversize/overweight permits from IDOT must be applied for electronically. Each local jurisdiction will supply its’ own form. A sample form for townships’ Axle Overweight Permit is available on the Township Officials of Illinois website at: http://www.toi.org/Resources/DownloadCenter.aspx Not all townships will use this form—check locally. Harvest Season Emergency (HSE) Permit. This permit is available only in those years in which the Governor declares a HSE. See pages 21-22 for details. Federal Bridge Formula in Illinois Distance Between Axles Maximum load in pounds carried on any Feet 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 Maximum loading for typical vehicles group of 2 or more consecutive axles Vehicle or Combination Maximum Weight — Pounds 2 axles 3 axles 34,000 34,000 34,000 34,000 38,000 39,000 40,000 4 axles 5 axles 6 axles 42,000 42,500 43,500 44,000 45,000 45,500 46,500 47,000 48,000 48,500 49,500 50,000 51,000 51,500 52,500 53,000 54,000 54,500 55,500 56,000 57,000 57,500 58,500 59,000 60,000 Exception Axle 1 20,000 Axle 2 20,000 Axles 1, 2 40,000 18’ 50,000 50,500 51,500 52,000 52,500 53,500 54,000 54,500 55,500 56,000 56,500 57,500 58,000 58,500 59,500 60,000 60,500 61,500 62,000 62,500 63,500 64,000 64,500 65,500 66,000 66,500 67,500 68,000 68,500 69,500 70,000 70,500 71,500 72,000 72,500 73,500 74,000 74,500 75,500 76,000 76,500 77,500 78,000 78,500 79,500 80,000 24’ 58,000 58,500 59,000 60,000 60,500 61,000 61,500 62,500 63,000 63,500 64,000 65,000 65,500 66,000 66,500 67,500 68,000 68,500 69,000 70,000 70,500 71,000 72,000 72,500 73,000 73,500 74,000 75,000 75,500 76,000 76,500 77,500 78,000 78,500 79,000 80,000 Axle 1 20,000 Axles 2, 3 34,000 Axles 1, 2, 3 54,000 Axle 1 66,000 66,500 67,000 68,000 68,500 69,000 69,500 70,000 71,000 71,500 72,000 72,500 73,000 74,000 74,500 75,000 75,500 76,000 77,000 77,500 78,000 78,500 79,000 80,000 12’ 24’ 36’ 19’ 36’ 20,000 Axles 2 20,000 Axles 3, 4 34,000 Axles 1, 2 40,000 Axles 2, 3, 4 54,000 Axles 1, 2, 3, 4 66,000 Axle 1 20,000 Axles 2, 3 34,000 Axles 4, 5 34,000 Axles 1, 2, 3 50,000 Axles 2, 3, 4, 5 68,000 Axles 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 80,000 Axle 1 20,000 Axles 2, 3 34,000 Axles 4, 5, 6 42,500 51’ 16’ 43’ 31’ Axles 1, 2, 3 48,000 Axles 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 67,500 Axles 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 80,000 Measured to the nearest foot between the extremes of any group of two or more consecutive axles. Gross weights for 5 and 6 axles applicable only to a combination of vehicles. Two consecutive sets of tandems may carry 34,000 pounds each providing the overall distance between the first and last axles of such consecutive sets of tandems is 36 feet or more. If the distance between 2 axles is 96 inches or less, the 2 axles are tandem axles and the maximum total weight may not exceed 34,000 pounds, notwithstanding the higher limit resulting from the application of the formula. If the distance between the centers of the first and third axles is a group of consecutive axles does not exceed 96 inches, the group is a tandem. Maximum single axle 20,000 pounds; maximum tandem 34,000 pounds. Combinations of vehicles designated as special haul vehicles which include a semitrailer manufactured prior to the model year 2004 and first registered in Illinois prior to January 1, 2005 having five axles with a distance of 42 feet or less between extremes may have a gross weight of 72,000 pounds provided the weight shall not exceed 18,000 pounds on a single axle of 32,000 pounds on a tandem. For such combinations manufactured subsequent to September 9, 1986, the minimum distance between the first and last axles of the two sets of tandems must be 18 feet 6 inches or more. Maximum legal dimensions of motor vehicles Single Axle D All Trucks Maximum Weight E Kingpin B 20,000# F Tandem Axle Maximum Weight 34,000# A C G Width & Height Length, Single Vehicle Length, Truck-Tractor/Semi-Trailer I I J H K Length, Truck-Tractor/Semi-Trailer (Double Bottom) Length, All Other Combinations Type of Highway or Street A B C D E F Class I 8’-6” 13’-6” 42’ N.S. 53’ Class II 8’-6” 13’-6” 42’ N.S. 53’ Maximum Legal Dimensions A pdf version of this document is available with hyperlinks at the ilfb web address. 28’-6” N.S. 60’ 45’-6” N.S. N.S. 28’-6” 65’ 60’ 55’ 60’ N.S. N.S. 60’ N.S. 42'-6" N.S. 60’ N.S. N.S. 60’ 42’ 65’ Tandem is defined as any 2 or more single axles whose centers are more than 40 inches and not more than 96 inches apart, measured to the nearest inch between extreme axles. 40” Tandem Axle www.ilfb.org Farm Equipment Implements of husbandry generally enjoy an exemption from most weight limits in Illinois. However, farm wagons are limited to 36,000 pounds GVW. There is no weight restriction on axles and it matters not how many axles the wagon has—the gross weight limit remains at 36,000 pounds. That 36,000 pound Farm wagons are limited to a maximum GVW of GVW restriction also 36,000# applies to: fertilizer buggies, sprayers, auger wagons, liquid manure wagons, liquid fertilizer carts, NH3 nurse tanks (also limited to 3,000 gallons capacity), water wagons, and virtually any other cargotype farm implement. Revised 2018-02 65 feet overall (bumper-tobumper) and/or 55 feet from center of front axle to center of rear axle. Applies on semi-trailers longer than 48 feet. 42’-6” 13’-6” This document prepared and provided by: N.S. 53’ 8’-6” N.S. 60’ 65’ Other Local Roads & Streets 45’-6” N.S. 42’ 8’-6” K N.S. 13’-6” Class III J 60’ 53’ 13’-6” I 42’-6” 42’ 8’-6” H 55’ 65’ Other State Highways G 96” More Information • Illinois Farm Bureau® [General Info] 309-557-3274 http://www.ilfb.org • Illinois State Police [Enforcement] 217-782-6267 http://www.isp.state.il.us/ • Illinois Department of Transportation [Weights, Permits & Routes] 217-782-6271 h ps://truckpermits.dot.illinois.gov/ • Secretary of State [License Plates] 217-785-1801 http://www.cyberdriveillinois.com/publications/ motoristpub.html#comfarmtruck Copyright 2017 © Illinois Farm Bureau®
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