LTO Ultrium 4 Half High Tape Drive LTO4 Height Setup Operator Service Guide

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IBM LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

Setup, Operator, and Service Guide
Model T1600V

GC27-2150-00

IBM LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

Setup, Operator, and Service Guide
Model T1600V

GC27-2150-00

Note!
Before using this information and the product it supports, be sure to read the general information in "Notices" located in
the back of this publication.
To ensure that you have the latest publications, visit the web at http://www.ibm.com/storage/lto.

Released November 2007
This edition applies to the IBM LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive, GC27-2150-00, and to the subsequent releases
and modifications until otherwise indicated in new editions.
© Copyright International Business Machines Corporation 2007. All rights reserved.
US Government Users Restricted Rights – Use, duplication or disclosure restricted by GSA ADP Schedule Contract
with IBM Corp.

Read this First
Accessing Online Technical Support
It is the customer’s responsibility to set up this tape drive or library and to ensure
that the drive and library have the latest firmware (unless you have purchased a
service contract).
For online Technical Support:
1. Visit http://www.ibm.com.
2. Click Get Support.
3. Click Customer Support and follow on-screen instructions.

Registering for Support Notification
Support Notification registration provides email notification when new firmware
levels have been updated and are available for download and installation. To
register for Support Notification, visit the web at http://www-304.ibm.com/
jct01004c/systems/support/storage/news/05072007SupportNotif.html.

Sending Us Your Comments
Your feedback is important in helping IBM® provide accurate and useful
information. If you have comments or suggestions for improving this publication,
send your comments by:
v E-mailing IBM:
– Internet or IBMLink™ from US: starpubs@us.ibm.com
– IBMLink from Canada: STARPUBS at TORIBM
Include the following information in your e-mail:
– Exact publication title
– Form number (for example, GA32–1234–02) or part number (located on the
back cover of the publication)
– Page number to which you are referring
v Using the Readers’ Comments form at the back of this publication
v Mailing your comments to:
International Business Machines Corporation
Information Development
Department GZW
9000 South Rita Road
Tucson, AZ 85744-0001 USA

iii

LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

Contents
Read this First. . . . . . . . . . . . iii
Accessing Online Technical Support .
Registering for Support Notification .
Sending Us Your Comments . . . .

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. iii
. iii
. iii

Connect the external LDI interface to the server
(optional) . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Configure the drive to the server . . . . . .

. 2-5
. 2-6

Chapter 3. Operating the Drive . . . . 3-1
Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii
Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix
Safety and Environmental Notices . . . xi
Regulatory Name . . . . . . . . . . . . xi
Danger Notices . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi
Caution Notices . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi
Tape drive ac grounding inspection . . . . . . xii
Product Recycling and Disposal . . . . . . . xii
End of Life (EOL) Plan . . . . . . . . . . xv

About This Book . . . . . . . . . . xvii
Chapter 1. Introduction . . . . . . . 1-1
Drive features . . . . . .
Front panel of the drive . . .
Rear panel of the SAS drive .
SAS interface . . . . . .
Cartridge compatibility . . .
Speed Matching . . . . .
Channel Calibration . . . .
Data cartridge capacity scaling .
Encryption . . . . . . .
Inhibit firmware down-leveling
Feature Switches . . . . .
Library Interface . . . . .
Supported servers and operating
Supported device drivers . .
Specifications . . . . . .
Physical specifications . .
Power specifications . . .
Environmental specifications
Other specifications . . .

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systems
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Chapter 2. Installing the drive

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1-1
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-3
1-3
1-4
1-4
1-4
1-4
1-4
1-5
1-5
1-5
1-6
1-6
1-6
1-7
1-7

. . . . 2-1

Avoiding drive damage . . . . . . . . .
Installation overview . . . . . . . . . .
Unpack and acclimate the drive . . . . . .
Power off the enclosure . . . . . . . . .
Set the Feature switches . . . . . . . . .
Install the SAS drive connector . . . . . .
Mount the drive into an enclosure . . . . .
Connect and test power to the drive . . . . .
Connect the internal LDI cable (optional) . . .
Run drive diagnostics . . . . . . . . . .
Install device drivers . . . . . . . . . .
Connect the enclosure’s external SAS interface to
the server . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
© Copyright IBM Corp. 2007

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2-1
2-1
2-1
2-2
2-2
2-3
2-3
2-4
2-5
2-5
2-5

. 2-5

Single-character Display (SCD). . . . . . . . 3-1
SCD Dot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
Status Lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
Unload Button . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4
Inserting a Tape Cartridge . . . . . . . . . 3-5
Removing a Tape Cartridge . . . . . . . . . 3-6
Mid-tape Recovery . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6
Cleaning the Drive Head . . . . . . . . . 3-6
Diagnostic and Maintenance Functions . . . . . 3-7
Entering Maintenance Mode . . . . . . . 3-8
Exiting Maintenance Mode . . . . . . . . 3-9
Function Code 0: Maintenance Mode . . . . 3-9
Function Code 1: Run Drive Diagnostics . . . 3-9
Function Code 2: Update Drive Firmware from
FMR Tape . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-10
Function Code 3: Create FMR Tape . . . . . 3-11
Function Code 4: Force a Drive Dump . . . . 3-11
Function Code 5: Copy Drive Dump . . . . 3-12
Function Code 6: Run Host Interface Wrap Test 3-13
Function Code 7: Run RS-422 Wrap Test . . . 3-14
Function Code 8: Unmake FMR Tape . . . . 3-15
Function Code 9: Display Error Code Log . . 3-15
Function Code A: Clear Error Code Log . . . 3-16
Function Code C: Insert Cartridge into Tape
Drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-16
Function Code E: Test Cartridge & Media. . . 3-16
Function Code F: Write Performance Test . . . 3-17
Function Code H: Test Head . . . . . . . 3-18
Function Code J: Fast Read/Write Test . . . . 3-19
Function Code L: Load/Unload Test . . . . 3-20
Function Code P: Post Error Reporting Enabled 3-21
Function Code U: Post Error Reporting
Disabled . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-21
Updating Firmware . . . . . . . . . . . 3-22
Updating Firmware through the Host Interface 3-22
Updating Firmware through the Library/Drive
Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-22
ITDT Firmware Update, Dump Retrieval and
Library/Drive Test Tool. . . . . . . . . 3-23
Updating the Firmware with an FMR Tape
Cartridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-23

Chapter 4. Using Ultrium Media . . . . 4-1
Types of Cartridges . . .
Data Cartridge . . . .
WORM (Write Once, Read
Cleaning Cartridge. . .
Cartridge Compatibility . .
Bar Code Labels . . . .
Handling Cartridges . . .

. . . . . .
. . . . . .
Many) Cartridge
. . . . . .
. . . . . .
. . . . . .
. . . . . .

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4-2
4-2
4-3
4-4
4-4
4-5
4-7

Chapter 5. Troubleshooting

. . . . . 5-1

Methods of Receiving Errors and Messages . . . 5-2
Error Codes and Messages . . . . . . . . . 5-3
Using sense data . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-8
Obtaining error information from the AS/400 or
System i with RISC processor . . . . . . . 5-9
Obtaining error information from the RS/6000
or System p. . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-10
Obtaining a drive dump . . . . . . . . . 5-12
Using ITDT . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-12
Using the drive . . . . . . . . . . . 5-12
Using a device driver utility . . . . . . . 5-13
Viewing the Drive Error Log . . . . . . . . 5-13
Resolving problems reported by the server . . . 5-13
Resolving media-related problems . . . . . . 5-13

Chapter 6. Ordering Optional Features,
Replacement Parts, and Media . . . . 6-1

Appendix C. Information for Trained
Service Personnel . . . . . . . . . C-1
Removing/Reinstalling/Replacing a drive . . .
Removing/reinstalling a SAS Drive from/in an
enclosure . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manually Removing a Tape Cartridge . . . .
Before You Begin . . . . . . . . . .
Recommended Tools . . . . . . . . .
Beginning Procedure . . . . . . . . .
Tape Spooled off Supply Reel . . . . . .
Tape Pulled from or Broken near Leader Pin
Tape Broken in Mid-tape . . . . . . .
Tape Tangled along Tape Path . . . . . .
No Apparent Failure or Damage to Tape . .

. C-1
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C-1
C-2
C-2
C-3
C-3
C-4
C-5
. C-6
. C-8
. C-9

Notices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-1
Trademarks . . . . . .
Electronic Emission Notices

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. D-2
. D-2

Appendix A. TapeAlert flags . . . . . A-1

Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-1

Appendix B. Repairing a Cartridge

Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . X-1

Repositioning a Leader Pin .
Reattaching a Leader Pin .

.
.

LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

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.

B-1
.
.

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. B-1
. B-3

Figures
1.
1-1.
1-2.
1-3.
2-1.
2-2.
3-1.
4-1.
4-2.
4-3.
4-4.
4-5.
4-6.
5-1.
5-2.
5-3.
5-4.

AC grounding diagram (50 Hz and 60 Hz)
xii
View of the drive . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
Front panel element descriptions . . . . 1-2
SAS drive rear panel element descriptions
1-2
Temperature of the Half-high drive is taken
near the air intake area . . . . . . . . 2-2
Mounting holes on the drive . . . . . . 2-4
Inserting a cartridge into the drive
3-5
The IBM LTO Ultrium Data Cartridge
4-1
Ultrium Data Cartridge on the left; WORM
Cartridge on the right . . . . . . . . 4-3
Sample bar code label on the LTO Ultrium 4
Tape Cartridge . . . . . . . . . . 4-6
Checking for gaps in the seams of a
cartridge . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-8
Tape cartridges in a Turtlecase . . . . . 4-9
Double-boxing tape cartridges for shipping 4-9
Example of an error log from the AS/400 or
IBM System i servers . . . . . . . . 5-9
Example of sense data from the AS/400 or
IBM System i servers . . . . . . . . 5-10
Example of an AIX ERRPT Drive Error Log 5-11
Example of an error that suggests a SCSI
bus problem . . . . . . . . . . . 5-12

B-1.
B-2.
B-3.
B-4.
B-5.
B-6.
B-7.
B-8.
C-1.
C-2.
C-3.
C-4.
C-5.
C-6.
C-7.
C-8.
C-9.
C-10.

Leader pin in the incorrect and correct
positions . . . . . . . . . . . . B-2
Placing the dislodged leader pin into the
correct position . . . . . . . . . . B-2
Rewinding the tape into the cartridge
B-3
Leader Pin Reattachment Kit . . . . . . B-3
Attaching the leader pin attach tool to the
cartridge . . . . . . . . . . . . B-4
Winding the tape out of the cartridge
B-5
Removing the C-clip from the leader pin
B-5
Attaching the leader pin to the tape
B-6
Rear panel of the SAS Half-high drive
C-1
Removing the bezel and the cover from the
internal drive . . . . . . . . . . . C-3
Rewinding tape into cartridge . . . . . C-4
Drive with cover removed to reveal gear
train. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-5
Leader Block Assembly (LBA) . . . . . C-6
Rewinding tape into cartridge . . . . . C-7
Rewinding tape into cartridge . . . . . C-8
Rewinding tape into cartridge . . . . . C-9
Drive with cover removed to reveal gear
train. . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-10
Leader Block Assembly (LBA) . . . . . C-10

vii

viii

LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

Tables
1-1.
2-1.
3-1.
3-2.
3-3.
3-4.
4-1.
4-2.
4-3.

Feature Switch Definitions. . . . . .
Feature Switch Definitions. . . . . .
Status Light Modes . . . . . . . .
Meaning of Status Lights and
Single-character Display (SCD) . . . .
Functions that the Unload Button performs
Diagnostic and maintenance functions
Ultrium cartridge compatibility with
Ultrium tape drives . . . . . . . .
Bar code label requirements for Ultrium
tape drives and libraries . . . . . .
Cartridges and VOLSERs . . . . . .

. 1-5
. 2-2
. 3-1
. 3-2
3-4
3-7
. 4-4
. 4-5
. 4-5

4-4.
5-1.
5-2.
5-3.
6-1.
6-2.
6-3.
6-4.
A-1.

Environment for operating, storing, and
shipping the LTO Ultrium Tape Cartridge . 4-10
Half-high drive troubleshooting tips
5-1
Methods of receiving errors and messages
5-2
Error codes on the Single-character Display 5-3
Optional Features . . . . . . . . . 6-1
Replacement Parts . . . . . . . . . 6-1
Media supplies . . . . . . . . . . 6-2
Authorized suppliers of custom bar code
labels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3
Supported TapeAlert flags . . . . . . A-1

LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

Safety and Environmental Notices
When using this product, observe the danger, caution, and attention notices that
are contained in this guide. The notices are accompanied by symbols that represent
the severity of the safety condition.
Most danger or caution notices contain an identification number (Dxxxx or Cxxxx).
Use the identification number to view a translation of the notice in the IBM
Translated Safety Notices publication included on the Documentation CD in your
ship group.
The sections that follow define each type of safety notice and give examples.

Regulatory Name
The regulatory name for the IBM LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive is the LTO
Ultrium 4-H.

Danger Notices
A danger notice calls attention to a situation that is
potentially lethal or extremely hazardous to people. A
lightning bolt symbol always accompanies a danger notice
to represent a dangerous electrical condition

Caution Notices
A caution notice calls attention to a situation that is potentially hazardous to
people because of some existing condition. A caution notice can be accompanied
by one of several symbols:
If the symbol is...

It means....
A hazardous electrical condition with less severity than
electrical danger.

A generally hazardous condition not represented by other
safety symbols.

A hazardous condition from the use of a laser in the
product. Laser symbols are always accompanied by the
classification of the laser as defined by the U. S. Department
of Health and Human Services (for example, Class I, Class
II).
A hazardous condition because of mechanical movement in
or around the product.

If the symbol is...

It means....

32-55 kg (70.5-121.2 lbs)

svc00168

A hazardous condition because of the weight of the unit.
Weight symbols are accompanied by an approximation of
the product’s weight.

Tape drive ac grounding inspection
1. Power off the drive.
2. Disconnect all cables.
3. See Figure 1 which is provided for reference only. Disconnect the power cord
from its source.
4. Inspect the power cable for visible cracks, wear, or damage.

Figure 1. AC grounding diagram (50 Hz and 60 Hz)

Product Recycling and Disposal
This unit must be recycled or discarded according to applicable local and national
regulations. IBM encourages owners of information technology (IT) equipment to
responsibly recycle their equipment when it is no longer needed. IBM offers a
variety of product return programs and services in several countries to assist
equipment owners in recycling their IT products. Information on IBM product
recycling offerings can be found on IBM’s Internet site at http://www.ibm.com/ibm/
environment/products/prp.shtml.
Esta unidad debe reciclarse o desecharse de acuerdo con lo establecido en la
normativa nacional o local aplicable. IBM recomienda a los propietarios de equipos
de tecnología de la información (TI) que reciclen responsablemente sus equipos
cuando éstos ya no les sean útiles. IBM dispone de una serie de programas y
servicios de devolución de productos en varios países, a fin de ayudar a los
propietarios de equipos a reciclar sus productos de TI. Se puede encontrar

xii

LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

información sobre las ofertas de reciclado de productos de IBM en el sitio web de
IBM http://www.ibm.com/ibm/environment/products/prp.shtml.

Notice: This mark applies only to countries within the European Union (EU) and
Norway.
Appliances are labeled in accordance with European Directive 2002/96/EC
concerning waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE). The Directive
determines the framework for the return and recycling of used appliances as
applicable throughout the European Union. This label is applied to various
products to indicate that the product is not to be thrown away, but rather
reclaimed upon end of life per this Directive.
In accordance with the European WEEE Directive, electrical and electronic
equipment (EEE) is to be collected separately and to be reused, recycled, or
recovered at end of life. Users of EEE with the WEEE marking per Annex IV of the
WEEE Directive, as shown above, must not dispose of end of life EEE as unsorted
municipal waste, but use the collection framework available to customers for the
return, recycling and recovery of WEEE. Customer participation is important to
minimize any potential effects of EEE on the environment and human health due
to the potential presence of hazardous substances in EEE. For proper collection and
treatment, contact your local IBM representative.

Battery Return Policy
This product may contain sealed lead acid, nickel cadmium, nickel metal hydride,
lithium, or a lithium ion battery. Consult your user manual or service manual for
specific battery information. The battery must be recycled or disposed of properly.
Recycling facilities may not be available in your area. For information on disposal
of batteries outside the United States, go to http://www.ibm.com/ibm/environment/
products/batteryrecycle.shtml or contact your local waste disposal facility.
In the United States, IBM has established a return process for reuse, recycling, or
proper disposal of used IBM sealed lead acid, nickel cadmium, nickel metal
hydride, and other battery packs from IBM Equipment. For information on proper
disposal of these batteries, contact IBM at 1-800-426-4333. Please have the IBM part
number listed on the battery available prior to your call.
For Taiwan:

Please recycle batteries

Safety and Environmental Notices

xiii

For the European Union:

Batteries or packaging for batteries are labeled in accordance with European
Directive 2006/66/EC concerning batteries and accumulators and waste batteries
and accumulators. The Directive determines the framework for the return and
recycling of used batteries and accumulators as applicable throughout the
European Union. This label is applied to various batteries to indicate that the
battery is not to be thrown away, but rather reclaimed upon end of life per this
Directive.
In accordance with the European Directive 2006/66/EC, batteries and accumulators
are labeled to indicate that they are to be collected separately and recycled at end
of life. The label on the battery may also include a chemical symbol for the metal
concerned in the battery (Pb for lead, Hg for mercury and Cd for cadmium). Users
of batteries and accumulators must not dispose of batteries and accumulators as
unsorted municipal waste, but use the collection framework available to customers
for the return, recycling and treatment of batteries and accumulators. Customer
participation is important to minimize any potential effects of batteries and
accumulators on the environment and human health due to the potential presence
of hazardous substances. For proper collection and treatment, contact your local
IBM representative.
For California:
Perchlorate Material - special handling may apply. See http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/
hazardouswaste/perchlorate.
The foregoing notice is provided in accordance with California Code of
Regulations Title 22, Division 4.5 Chapter 33. Best Management Practices for
Perchlorate Materials. This product/part may include a lithium manganese dioxide
battery which contains a perchlorate substance.

Flat Panel Display
The fluorescent lamp or lamps in the liquid crystal display contain mercury.
Dispose of it as required by local ordinances and regulations.

Monitors
Connecticut - Please see the web site of the Department of Environmental
Protection at http://www.ct.gov/dep for information about recycling covered
electronic devices in the State of Connecticut, or telephone the Connecticut
Department of Environmental Protection at 1-860-424-3000.

xiv

LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

Washington - Please see the web site of the Department of Ecology at
http://1800recycle.wa.gov/ for information about recycling covered electronic
devices in the State of Washington, or telephone the Washington Department of
Ecology at 1-800Recycle.

End of Life (EOL) Plan
This library or drive is a purchased unit. Therefore, it is the sole responsibility of
the purchaser to dispose of it in accordance with local laws and regulations at the
time of disposal.
This library or drive contains recyclable materials. The materials should be
recycled where facilities are available and according to local regulations. In some
areas IBM provides a product take-back program that ensures proper handling of
the product. For more information, contact your IBM representative.

Safety and Environmental Notices

xvi

LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

About This Book
This guide describes how to install and use the IBM LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High
Tape Drive in the following chapters:
Chapter 1, “Introduction,” on page 1-1 describes the product, discusses supported
servers, operating systems, and device drivers, and lists hardware specifications.
Chapter 2, “Installing the drive,” on page 2-1 gives unpacking, set up, and
configuration information.
Chapter 3, “Operating the Drive,” on page 3-1 describes the Power Button, Unload
Button, and Status Lights and explains the function of the Single-character Display.
It gives instruction on inserting and removing a tape cartridge, describes methods
of updating drive firmware, and explains how to clean the tape drive. It also lists
diagnostic and maintenance functions.
Chapter 4, “Using Ultrium Media,” on page 4-1 describes the types of tape
cartridges to use and defines the conditions for storing and shipping them. It also
describes how to handle the cartridges, how to set a cartridge’s write-protect
switch, and how to order additional cartridges.
Chapter 5, “Troubleshooting,” on page 5-1 gives tips for solving problems with the
drive.
Chapter 6, “Ordering Optional Features, Replacement Parts, and Media,” on page
6-1 lists parts and supplies and provides information about the power cords that
are used in different countries or regions.
Appendix A, “TapeAlert flags,” on page A-1 lists TapeAlert messages that are
supported and that may aid during problem determination.
Appendix B, “Repairing a Cartridge,” on page B-1 describes how to repair a tape
cartridge.
Appendix C, “Information for Trained Service Personnel,” on page C-1 gives the
procedure for removing a tape cartridge that will not eject from the drive and
other servicing procedures.

Related Publications
v IBM System Storage™ LTO Ultrium Tape Drive SCSI Reference, GA32-0450, gives
information about the supported SCSI commands and protocol that govern the
behavior of the SCSI interface for LTO drives. The SCSI reference also includes
information about the TapeAlert flags that are supported.
v IBM Ultrium Device Drivers Installation and User’s Guide, GC27-2130, provides
instructions for attaching IBM-supported hardware to open-systems operating
systems. It indicates what devices and levels of operating systems are supported,
gives the requirements for adapter cards, and tells how to configure servers to
use the device driver with the Ultrium family of devices.You can obtain this
reference via File Transfer Protocol (FTP) at ftp://ftp.software.ibm.com/storage/
devdrvr.

xvii

v IBM Ultrium Device Drivers Programming Reference, GA32-0566, supplies
information to application developers who want to integrate their open-systems
applications with IBM-supported Ultrium hardware. The reference contains
information about the application programming interfaces (APIs) for each of the
various supported operating-system environments. You can obtain this reference
via File Transfer Protocol (FTP) at ftp://ftp.software.ibm.com/storage/devdrvr.
v IBM Translated Safety Notices, 96P0851, provides translation of danger and caution
notices.
v IBM Tape Device Drivers: Encryption Support, GA32-0565-00, provides information
for implementing tape encryption.

xviii

LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

Chapter 1. Introduction

a80hh015

The IBM LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive is a high-performance,
high-capacity data-storage device that is designed to backup and restore open
systems applications. The drive can be integrated into an enclosure, such as a
desktop unit, tape autoloader, or tape library. It is the fourth generation in the
Ultrium series of products, and is available with a Serial Attached SCSI interface
(SAS).

Figure 1-1. View of the drive

Drive features
The drive offers the following features:
v Dual port 3 Gbps Serial Attached Small Computer Systems Interface (SAS)
v Half height form factor
v Native storage capacity of 800 GB per cartridge (1600 GB at 2:1 compression)
v Maximum native data transfer rate of up to 120 MB per second
v Burst data transfer rate of 300 MB per second
v 256 MB read-and-write cache
v Support for encryption on Ultrium 4 tape cartridges
v Single Character Display (SCD) operator panel
v Ready and Fault status lights
v Maintenance Mode functions

1-1

Front panel of the drive
1

a80hh014

Figure 1-2. Front panel element descriptions
1

Unload button

Single character display (SCD)

Ready/Activity status light
(green LED)

SCD dot

Fault status light (amber LED)

Rear panel of the SAS drive

a80hh024

Figure 1-3. SAS drive rear panel element descriptions
1

Feature block switch (on the
underside of the drive)

SAS/Power connector

RS-422 connector for library interfaces
(LDI or ADI) selectable via Feature
Switch 5
Fan

SAS interface
The drive has a dual-port 3 Gbps SAS (Serial Attached SCSI) host interface.
A drive with a SAS (Serial Attached SCSI) interface can be linked directly to
controllers. SAS is a performance improvement over traditional SCSI because SAS
enables multiple devices (up to 128) of different sizes and types to be connected
simultaneously with thinner and longer cables; its full-duplex signal transmission
supports 3.0 Gb/s. In addition, SAS drives can be hot-plugged.

1-2

LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

SAS drives will auto-negotiate speed. There are no configurable topologies thus no
setup is required for SAS interface.

Physical Characteristics
The drive contains a dual-port, SFF-8482 SAS connector. The SAS connector
conforms to the Device Free (Plug) Connector form of the SFF-8482 standard
“Unshielded Dual Port Serial Attachment Connector” as defined by the SFF
standards body. For more information go to http://www.sffcommittee.org or see
ftp://ftp.seagate.com/sff/SFF-8482.pdf for connector details.

Cartridge compatibility
The drive uses the IBM TotalStorage® LTO Ultrium 800 GB Data Cartridge and is
compatible with the cartridges of its predecessor, the IBM LTO Ultrium 3
Half-High Tape Drive. The drive performs the following functions:
v Reads and writes Generation 4 cartridges to Generation 4 format
v Reads and writes Generation 3 cartridges to Generation 3 format
v Reads Generation 2 cartridges
v Does not write Generation 4 cartridge to Generation 3 format
v Does not write Generation 3 cartridges to Generation 2 format
v Does not write Generation 2 cartridges
v Does not read or write Generation 1 cartridges
The drive reads tapes that have been written by other licensed Ultrium 4 drives. It
also writes to tapes that can be read by other licensed Ultrium 4 drives.
In addition to using the IBM TotalStorage LTO Ultrium Data Cartridge with up to
800 GB capacity, the drive also offers read/write capability for certified LTO
Ultrium tape cartridges.

Speed Matching
To improve system performance, the drive uses a technique called speed matching to
dynamically adjust its native (uncompressed) data rate to the slower data rate of a
server. With speed matching, the drive operates at one of six speeds when reading
or writing the Ultrium 3 or Ultrium 4 cartridge format. Native data rates are as
follows:
v Ultrium 4 (Read/Write): 30, 48, 66, 84, 103, or 120 MB per second (MB/s)
v Ultrium 3 (Read/Write): 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, or 80 MB per second (MB/s)
v Ultrium 2 (Read only): 15, 19, 22, 26, or 30 MB per second (MB/s)
If the server’s net (compressed) data rate is between two of the preceding native
data rates, the drive calculates the appropriate data rate at which to operate. Speed
matching dramatically reduces backhitch, the condition that occurs when a tape
stops, reverses, and restarts motion. A backhitch is usually the result of a mismatch
between the data rates of the server and the drive.

Chapter 1. Product description

1-3

Channel Calibration
System performance is further optimized by a feature called channel calibration, in
which the drive automatically customizes each read/write data channel to
compensate for variations in such things as the recording channel’s transfer
function, the media, and characteristics of the drive head.

Data cartridge capacity scaling
The SET CAPACITY SCSI command enables a customer to capacity scale a data
cartridge to enable faster random access. As an example, a customer could capacity
scale a data cartridge to 20% of its normal length which improves the average
access time by almost a factor of 5; however, it also reduces the native capacity of
the tape to 80 GB.

Encryption
IBM LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive supports host Application Managed
Encryption (AME), using T10 encryption methods. Data encryption is supported
with LTO Ultrium 4 Data Cartridges only.
The encryption enabled drive contains the necessary hardware and firmware to
encrypt and decrypt host tape application data. Encryption policy and encryption
keys are provided by the host application and there is no encryption setup
required (or available) for this drive. A drive digital certificate is installed at
manufacturing time. Each drive receives a unique serial number and certificate.
The T10 Application may validate each drive instance by checking the drive’s
digital certificate.
Application-managed encryption is supported on AIX®, Windows Server 2003,
Linux®, and Solaris. Encryption requires the latest device drivers available on the
ftp down load site: ftp://ftp.software.ibm.com/storage/devdrvr/.
For more details, see the IBM Tape Device Drivers Encryption Support
documentation, and the IBM LTO Ultrium Tape Drive SCSI Reference
documentation.

Inhibit firmware down-leveling
The drive provides the capability to prevent loading and installing drive microcode
via a Field Microcode Replace (FMR tape) if the firmware level contained in the
FMR tape is older than the code level already installed. This option is controlled
by the host application. No checking will be performed if the firmware level is
loaded via the host interface or the library interface.

Feature Switches
This drive contains eight factory-set feature switches by which the drive is
configured for unique function. The feature switches are preset at the factory but
are described here in case the feature switch settings need to be inspected for your
application.
The feature switch is located on the rear panel of the tape drive. Refer to “Rear
panel of the SAS drive” on page 1-2 for the location of the switch. The switch
positions are labeled 1 through 8 (see Table 1-1 on page 1-5). The on and off
positions are marked on the switch. The default settings for the feature switches

1-4

LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

are all switches placed in the “OFF” position.
Table 1-1. Feature Switch Definitions
Switch
Position

″On″ Function

″Off″ Function

Library interface at 9600 baud /
polled

Library interface at 38,400 baud /
non-polled

Library interface uses two stop bits

Library interface uses one stop bit

Reserved

Library interface at 115,000 baud
rate

Switch #1 active

Enable ADI Interface protocol

Enable LDI Interface protocol

Reserved

Disable head brush ERP

Allows head brush ERP

Reserved

The head brush error recovery procedure (ERP) will cause the cartridge to
temporarily extend beyond the front of the bezel. This is not acceptable in some
automation environments. For these automation environments the head brush error
recovery procedure (ERP) is disabled.

Library Interface
Using the RS-422 Connector for library interfaces, the drive supports the Library
Drive Interface (LDI) protocol or the Automation Drive Interface (ADI) protocol.
LDI is an IBM proprietary Library Drive Interface protocol.
ADI is an Automation Drive Interface protocol that supports the International
Committee for Information Technology Standards (INCITSSM) T10 SCSI Storage
Device Automation Drive Interface protocol.

Supported servers and operating systems
To determine the latest supported attachments, visit the web at
http://www-1.ibm.com/support/us/all_download-drivers.html. For specific
instructions about attaching the drive, see Chapter 2, “Installing the drive,” on
page 2-1.

Supported device drivers
Device drivers enable the drive to interact with a variety of servers. To properly
install an IBM device driver (if required), refer to the IBM Ultrium Device Drivers
Installation and User’s Guide. For applications that use other device drivers, see the
application’s documentation to determine which drivers to use.
IBM maintains the latest levels of device drivers and driver documentation for the
drive on the Internet. You can access this material by performing one of the
following procedures.
Note: If you do not have Internet access and you need information about device
drivers, contact your Marketing Representative.
Chapter 1. Product description

1-5

v Using a browser, type one of the following:
– http://www.ibm.com/storage
– ftp://ftp.software.ibm.com/storage/devdrvr
– ftp://207.25.253.26/storage/devdrvr
v Using an IBM FTP site, enter the following specifications:
– FTP site: ftp.software.ibm.com
– IP Addr: 207.25.253.26
– Userid: anonymous
– Password: (use your current e-mail address)
– Directory: /storage/devdrvr
IBM provides PostScript- and PDF-formatted versions of its documentation in the
/storage/devdrvr/doc directory:
v IBM_ultrium_tape_IUG.ps and IBM_ultrium_tape_IUG.pdf contain the current
version of the IBM Ultrium Device Drivers Installation and User’s Guide
v IBM_ultrium_tape_PROGREF.ps and IBM_ultrium_tape_PROGREF.pdf contain
the current version of the IBM Ultrium Device Drivers Programming Reference
A list of device drivers for each supported server appears at /storage/devdrvr/.
Note: The device driver for System i™ servers is included in the OS/400®
operating system.

Specifications
The sections below give the physical, power, and environmental specifications for
the drive. Specifications for tape cartridges are given in “Environmental
specifications” on page 1-7.

Physical specifications
Specification

Measurement

Width

146.0 mm (5.74 in.) without bezel
148.6 mm (5.85 in.) with bezel

Length

205.0 mm (8.07 in.) without bezel
210.0 mm (8.26 in.) with bezel

Height

41.0 mm (1.6 in.) without bezel
42.7 mm (1.7 in.) with bezel

Weight (without a cartridge)

1.6 kg (3 lb. 5 oz.)

Power specifications
Power Supply

5 V dc

12 V dc

Tolerance

± 10%

Voltage Ripple/Noise(50 Hz - 20
MHz)

100 mV pp

125 mV pp

Minimum supply current (steady
state)

1.9 A

0.2 A

1-6

LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

Power Supply

5 V dc

12 V dc

3.6 A

1.1 A

3.7 A for 100 ms (18 W)

4.10 A for 2 ms (49.20 W)

Maximum supply current (steady
state)
Peak Supply Current (instantaneous
power by power supply)

Power Measurements

SAS Drive

Idle Mode (no cartridge)

12W

Idle Mode (Cartridge loaded)

15W

Reading and Writing

26W

Environmental specifications
Measurement
Specification

Operating(see Note 3)

Storage

Shipping

Drive temperature

10 to 40°C(50 to 104°F)

-40 to 60°C(-40
to 140°F)

-40 to 60°C(-40 to 140°F)

Relative humidity
(noncondensing)

20 to 80%

10 to 90%

26°C(78.8°F)

Wet bulb temperature
(maximum)

Note: Measured in front of the bezel, near the air intake area (refer to Figure 2-1 on page 2-2).

Other specifications
Specification

Measurement

Maximum altitude for operating and storage

3048 m (10,000 ft)

Maximum altitude for shipping

12192 m (40,000 ft)

Chapter 1. Product description

1-7

1-8

LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

Chapter 2. Installing the drive
Before starting this installation, read these instructions and compare them to the
drive installation instructions for your enclosure.

Avoiding drive damage
To avoid static electricity damage when handling the drive, use the following
precautions:
v Limit your movement. Movement can cause static electricity to build around
you.
v Always handle the drive carefully. Never touch exposed circuitry.
v Prevent others from touching the drive.
v Before unpacking and installing the drive into an enclosure, touch its
static-protective packaging to an unpainted metal surface on the enclosure for at
least two seconds. This reduces static electricity in the packaging and your body.
v When possible, remove the drive from its static-protective packaging and install
it directly into an enclosure without setting it down. When this is not possible,
place the drive’s packaging on a smooth, level surface and place the drive on the
packaging.
v Do not place the drive on the cover of the enclosure or on any other metal
surface.

Installation overview
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.

“Unpack and acclimate the drive”
“Power off the enclosure” on page 2-2
“Set the Feature switches” on page 2-2
“Install the SAS drive connector” on page 2-3
“Mount the drive into an enclosure” on page 2-3
“Connect and test power to the drive” on page 2-4
“Connect the internal LDI cable (optional)” on page 2-5
“Run drive diagnostics” on page 2-5
“Install device drivers” on page 2-5
“Connect the enclosure’s external SAS interface to the server” on page 2-5
“Connect the external LDI interface to the server (optional)” on page 2-5
“Configure the drive to the server” on page 2-6

Unpack and acclimate the drive
Unpack the drive and store the packaging for future moves or shipping.
Acclimation time is required if the temperature of the drive when unpacked is
different than the temperature of its operating environment (measured at the front
of the bezel near the air intake area (1) as shown in Figure 2-1 on page 2-2). The
recommended acclimation time is four hours after the drive has been unpacked or
one hour after any condensation that you can see has evaporated, whichever is
greater. When acclimating the drive, apply the following measures:
© Copyright IBM Corp. 2007

2-1

v If the drive is colder than its operating environment and the air contains
sufficient humidity, condensation may occur in the drive and damage it. When
the drive has warmed to the operating temperature range (greater than 10°C or
50°F) and no danger of condensation is present (the air is dry), warm the drive
more quickly by powering it on for 30 minutes. Use a diagnostic tape to test the
drive before inserting a tape that contains data.
v If the drive is hotter than its operating environment, the tape can stick to the
drive head. When the drive has cooled to the operating temperature range (less
than 40°C or 104°F), cool the drive more quickly by applying airflow for 30
minutes. Power-on the drive and use a diagnostic tape to test it before inserting
a tape that contains data.

a80hh010

If you are uncertain about whether the temperature of the drive is within the
recommended operating range or the humidity is sufficient to cause condensation,
acclimate the drive for the full four hours.

1
Figure 2-1. Temperature of the Half-high drive is taken near the air intake area

Power off the enclosure
1. Power-off the enclosure (or the unit that provides power to the drive)
2. Disconnect the power cord from both the electrical outlet and the enclosure.

Set the Feature switches
The drive contains eight factory set feature switches (see 1 in Figure 1-3 on page
1-2) by which the drive can be configured for unique function. The switch
positions are labeled 1 through 8. The on and off positions are marked on the
switch. See Feature Switch Definitions in the following table.
Table 2-1. Feature Switch Definitions

2-2

Switch

″On″ Function

″Off″ Function

Library interface at 9600 baud /
polled

Library interface at 38,400 baud /
non-polled

Library interface uses two stop bits

Library interface uses one stop bit

Reserved

Library interface at 115,000 baud rate Switch #1 active

Enable ADI Interface

Enable LDI Interface

Reserved

LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

Table 2-1. Feature Switch Definitions (continued)
Switch

″On″ Function

″Off″ Function

Disable head brush ERP*

Allows head brush ERP*

Reserved

Note: The default settings for the feature switches are all switches placed in the “OFF”
position.
*The head brush error recovery procedure (ERP) is a last ditch effort the drive makes in
some cases to recover from what would otherwise become a permanent read or write error
by removing any debris which may have accumulated on the read/write head by use of
the brush. To brush the head requires that the tape be unthreaded to expose the head. This
forces the loader to be cycled to enable re-thread. During the loader cycling, the back of
the cartridge will temporarily extend beyond the front of the bezel and this is not
acceptable in some automation environments, which is why it can be disabled. Disabling
the head brush ERP prevents this last ditch effort by the drive to prevent a permanent
error and as a result, if the drive ever would invoke the head brush ERP (because of some
error condition), it will instead immediately report that permanent error.

Install the SAS drive connector
Install the customer-supplied SAS drive connector to the rear panel of the drive
(2 in Figure 1-3 on page 1-2). The SAS connector also includes the power
connector for the drive.

Mount the drive into an enclosure
When mounting the drive into an enclosure:
v Use an appropriate screw length.
v Ensure that no objects such as screw heads, cables, or adjacent devices, are
pressing against the frame.
v Do not obstruct the ventilation slots at the rear of the drive.
v Allow sufficient space for accessing the drive’s front panel controls.
To mount the drive into an enclosure:
1. Remove the cover of your enclosure (refer to the instructions in the
documentation provided with your enclosure).
2. Place the drive into the enclosure so that the tape load compartment of the
drive faces the tape load compartment of the enclosure.
3. Insert two screws into the top mounting holes and two screws into the lower
mounting holes (2 in Figure 2-2 on page 2-4) of the side brackets located on
the left and right sides of the chassis.

Attention
When inserted into the drive, the length of the mounting screws must not exceed
2.5 mm (0.10 in.) for the upper mounting holes and 5.0 mm (0.20 in.) for the lower
mounting holes inside the chassis. If the length exceeds this measurement, the
drive may become damaged.

Chapter 2. Installing

2-3

a80hh023

Figure 2-2. Mounting holes on the drive. The holes are located on both sides of the drive. The drive is shown with a
front bezel.

Connect and test power to the drive
The drive does not contain its own power source; it must be powered externally.
To connect and test power to the drive:
1. Ensure that the enclosure (or unit that supplies power to the drive) is powered
off.
2. Ensure that the power cord is disconnected from both the enclosure and the
power outlet.
3. Connect the enclosure’s internal power cable to the power connector on the
drive (see 2 in Figure 1-3 on page 1-2).
Note: The customer-supplied SAS connector contains the power connector for
the SAS drive.
4. Connect the power cord to the enclosure and to the electrical outlet.
5. Power on the drive. During power on, or a drive reset, the drive front panel
will display drive progress as follows:
a. SCD will display random segments (status lights - Green OFF, Amber OFF).
b. SCD will go blank (status lights - Green ON, Amber OFF).
c. SCD will display random segments (status lights - Green OFF, Amber ON).
d. SCD will display 8 (status lights - Green OFF, Amber ON).
e. SCD will go blank (status lights - Green ON, Amber OFF).

2-4

LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

6. After POST has completed, verify that the green Ready/Activity status light is
ON.
7. Power-off the enclosure.
8. Disconnect the power cord from both the enclosure and the electrical outlet.

Connect the internal LDI cable (optional)
Note: Use this step only if you are installing the drive into a library control
system. The drive uses the Library/Drive Interface (LDI) to communicate
with a tape library.
Connect the enclosure’s internal LDI cable to the LDI connector on the drive (see
3 in Figure 1-3 on page 1-2).

Run drive diagnostics
1.
2.
3.
4.

Replace the cover on the enclosure.
Connect the power cord to both the enclosure and the electrical outlet.
Power-on the enclosure.
Run the Standalone Diagnostic (see “Function Code 1: Run Drive Diagnostics”
on page 3-9.

Note: Optionally, you can use the ITDT tool to verify host to drive
communications and to run a device test that will send data across the
bus. For more information on ITDT, see “ITDT Firmware Update, Dump
Retrieval and Library/Drive Test Tool” on page 3-23
5. Power-off the enclosure.
6. Disconnect the power cord from both the enclosure and the electrical outlet.

Install device drivers
For information about installing device drivers, refer to the documentation for your
enclosure.

Connect the enclosure’s external SAS interface to the server
To connect the enclosure to the server:
1. Connect an external SAS cable to both the enclosure and the server (for the
location of the connectors, refer to the documentation for your enclosure and
server).
2. Run the appropriate SAS attachment verification procedure from your server
(for instructions, refer to the IBM Ultrium Device Drivers Installation and User’s
Guide). If an error occurs, refer to “Using sense data” on page 5-8.
If you want to power a device on or off while it is connected to the same bus as a
drive, you can do so if, during the power-on cycle, you quiesce all devices
(including the drive) on the bus.

Connect the external LDI interface to the server (optional)
Use this step only if your enclosure requires an LDI interface.

Chapter 2. Installing

2-5

To check the drive, connect the enclosure’s external LDI cable to the server (for the
location of the external LDI connector, refer to the documentation for the
enclosure).

Configure the drive to the server
To configure the drive to the server, refer to the documentation for that server.
The drive is now ready for use.

2-6

LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

Chapter 3. Operating the Drive
Operating the drive involves using the following front panel items:
v Single-character Display (SCD)
v SCD Dot
v Status Lights
v Unload Button

Single-character Display (SCD)
The SCD (4 in “Front panel of the drive” on page 1-2) presents a single-character
code for:
v Error conditions and informational messages
v Diagnostic or maintenance functions (while in maintenance mode only)
“Error Codes and Messages” on page 5-3 lists the codes for error conditions and
informational messages. If multiple errors occur, the code with the highest priority
(represented by the lowest number) displays first. When the error is corrected, the
code with the next highest priority displays, and so on until no errors remain.
“Diagnostic and Maintenance Functions” on page 3-7 lists the single-character
codes that represent diagnostic or maintenance functions. To initiate a function the
unit must be in maintenance mode.
The SCD is blank during normal operation.

SCD Dot
If a drive dump is present while the drive is in maintenance mode, a single red dot
illuminates in the lower right corner of the SCD ( 8 ). To copy the dump, see
“Function Code 5: Copy Drive Dump” on page 3-12.
The SCD Dot (5 in “Front panel of the drive” on page 1-2) is on solid if the
dump is in RAM memory. The SCD Dot flashes if the dump is in FLASH memory.
The SCD Dot turns off when you obtain a dump (by using ITDT, a library
command, or a SCSI command) or update the drive firmware.
Note: If the drive dump is stored in RAM memory (SCD Dot on solid), the dump
will be lost when you turn OFF the power or reset the drive.

Status Lights
The Status Lights (2 and 3 in “Front panel of the drive” on page 1-2) are
light-emitting diodes (LEDs) that provides information about the state of the drive.
The Ready status light is green and the Fault status light is amber, and (when lit)
solid or flashing.
Table 3-1. Status Light Modes
Mode

SCD

Ready LED (green)

Fault LED (amber)

Operational

blank

Off

3-1

Table 3-1. Status Light Modes (continued)
Mode

SCD

Ready LED (green)

Fault LED (amber)

Activity (tape movement)
in Operational Mode

blank

Flashing

Off

Maintenance

solid character

Off

Executing Maintenance
Selection

flashing character

Off

Error Condition

solid character

Off

Flashing

Power-On / Reset
Initialization

random segments

Off

Table 3-2 lists the conditions of the Status Lights and Single-character Display
(SCD) and provides an explanation of what each condition means.
Table 3-2. Meaning of Status Lights and Single-character Display (SCD)
If the green and the amber
Ready Status Fault Status
Light is...
Light is...

and the SCD
is...

and the SCD Dot
is...

Meaning

Off

The drive has no power or is powered off.

Green/Solid

Off

The drive is powered on and in an idle state.

Flashing
Green (once
per second)

Off

The drive is reading from the tape, writing to
the tape, rewinding the tape, locating data on
the tape, loading the tape, or unloading the
tape.

Flashing
Green (once
per second)

Off

If the drive contains a cartridge during the
power-on cycle, the drive completes POST and
slowly rewinds the tape (the process may take
up to thirteen minutes). The light stops
blinking and becomes solid when the drive
completes the recovery and is ready for read
or write operation. To eject the cartridge, press
the unload button.

Off

Amber/Solid

Displaying an
error code or
Maintenance
Mode Function

On/Off

The drive is displaying error code(s) from the
error code log on the SCD. For more
information, see “Function Code 9: Display
Error Code Log” on page 3-15 and “Error
Codes and Messages” on page 5-3.

3-2

LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

Table 3-2. Meaning of Status Lights and Single-character Display (SCD) (continued)
If the green and the amber
Ready Status Fault Status
Light is...
Light is...
Off / On

Off / On

and the SCD
is...

and the SCD Dot
is...

Displaying
random
segments/
Blank/
displaying
random
segments/
displaying

Off

Meaning
During power on, or a drive reset, the drive
front panel will display drive progress as
follows:
1. SCD will display random segments (no
LEDS ON).
2. SCD will go blank (LEDs - Green ON,
Amber OFF)
3. SCD will display random segments (LEDs
- Green OFF, Amber ON)

8 /Blank

4. SCD will display [8] (LEDs - Green OFF,
Amber ON)
5. SCD will go blank (LEDs - Green ON,
Amber OFF) after a successful power on or
reset.
If an error is detected during the power on or
reset, the tape drive posts an error code to the
SCD. To determine the error, locate the code in
“Error Codes and Messages” on page 5-3
Off

Amber/Solid

Off

Amber/Solid

Off

On/Off

The drive is entering or exiting from
maintenance mode. For more information, see
“Function Code 0: Maintenance Mode” on
page 3-9.

Flashing
selected
function

On/Off

The drive is executing the selected function
while in maintenance mode.

Flashing
Amber (once
per second)

Displaying
error code

Off

An error occurred and the drive or media may
require service, or it may require cleaning.
Note the code on the SCD, then go to “Error
Codes and Messages” on page 5-3 to
determine the action that is required.

Flashing
Amber

Displaying

Off

The drive needs cleaning.

Flashing
Amber

Displaying
Function Code

Off

The drive is updating firmware.1 The SCD will

C
display a 8 if using an FMR cartridge. The
SCD will be off if using the SCSI interface. For
more information, see “Updating Firmware”
on page 3-22.

8
or Flashing
Off

Flashing
Amber (twice
per second)

Off

The drive detected an error and is performing
a firmware recovery. It will reset automatically.

Off

Solid Amber

Flashing

Off

The drive is requesting a cartridge to be
loaded.

There is a drive dump in flash memory.

C
Off

Flashing
Amber (twice
per second)

Off

Chapter 3. Operating

3-3

Table 3-2. Meaning of Status Lights and Single-character Display (SCD) (continued)
If the green and the amber
Ready Status Fault Status
Light is...
Light is...

and the SCD
is...

and the SCD Dot
is...

Meaning

Power should not be removed from the drive until the microcode update is complete. The drive indicates that the
update is complete by resetting and performing POST.

Unload Button
The Unload Button (1 in “Front panel of the drive” on page 1-2) performs the
following functions:
Table 3-3. Functions that the Unload Button performs
Unload Button Function

How to Initiate the Function

Rewind the tape into the
cartridge and eject the
cartridge from the drive

Press the Unload Button once. The Ready/Activity status light flashes green while the
drive is rewinding and unloading.
Note: During a rewind and eject operation, the drive does not accept SCSI commands
from the server.

Place the drive in
maintenance mode

Ensure that the drive is unloaded. Then, within two seconds, press the Unload Button
three times. The drive is in maintenance mode when the Fault status light becomes
solid amber and 0 appears in the SCD.
Note: While in maintenance mode, the drive does not accept SCSI interface
commands.
Note: If you attempt to enter Maintenance Mode with a cartridge in the drive, the
drive will rewind and eject the cartridge. Remove the cartridge and repeat the steps
for entering Maintenance Mode.

Scroll through the
maintenance functions

Exit maintenance mode

Force a drive dump (part of
the maintenance mode)

While in maintenance mode, press the Unload Button once per second to increment
the display characters by one. When you reach the character of the diagnostic or
maintenance function that you want (see “Diagnostic and Maintenance Functions” on
page 3-7), press and hold the Unload Button for three seconds.
Press the Unload Button once per second until 0 displays. Then press and hold the
Unload Button for three seconds. Maintenance mode is exited when the
Ready/Activity status light becomes solid green and the SCD becomes blank.
Attention: If the drive detects a permanent error and displays an error code, it
automatically forces a drive dump (also known as a save of the firmware trace). If
you force a drive dump, the existing dump will be overwritten and data will be lost.
After you force a drive dump, do not turn off the power to the drive or you may lose
the dump data.
Choose one of the following procedures:
v If the drive is in maintenance mode (Fault status light is solid amber), refer to
“Function Code 4: Force a Drive Dump” on page 3-11.
v If the drive is in operating mode (Ready/Activity status light is solid or flashing
green), press and hold the Unload Button for ten seconds.
If captured dump data exists, the drive places it into a dump area (for information
about retrieving the data, see ).

3-4

LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

Table 3-3. Functions that the Unload Button performs (continued)
Unload Button Function

How to Initiate the Function

Reset the drive

Press and hold the Unload Button until the drive begins the reset procedure (Fault
status light will be amber).
Note: If a tape cartridge is loaded in the drive the drive will unload the tape. Repeat
the ″Reset the drive″ procedure after the tape is unloaded. The drive saves a dump of
the current drive state, then reboots to allow communication. Do not cycle power as
this will erase the contents of the dump.

Inserting a Tape Cartridge
To insert a tape cartridge:
1. Ensure that the drive is powered on.
2. Ensure that the write-protect switch on the tape cartridge is properly set (see
“Write-Protect Switch” on page 4-2).
3. Grasp the cartridge so that the write-protect switch faces you (see 1 in
Figure 3-1).
4. Slide the cartridge into the tape load compartment.
Note:
a. If the cartridge is already in an ejected position and you want to
reinsert it, remove the cartridge then insert it again.

a80hh021

b. If the cartridge is already loaded and you cycle the power (turn it off,
then on), the tape will reload.

Figure 3-1. Inserting a cartridge into the drive

Chapter 3. Operating

3-5

Removing a Tape Cartridge
To remove a tape cartridge:
1. Ensure that the drive is powered-on.
2. Press the Unload Button. The drive rewinds the tape and partially ejects the
cartridge. The Ready Light flashes green while the tape rewinds, then goes out
before the cartridge partially ejects.
3. After the cartridge partially ejects, grasp the cartridge and remove it.
Important: Always remove an ejected cartridge before reinserting.
Whenever you unload a tape cartridge, the drive writes any pertinent information
to the cartridge memory.

Mid-tape Recovery
If reset occurs while a cartridge is loaded, the drive will slowly rewind the tape
and eject the cartridge. If a power cycle occurs while a cartridge is loaded, the
drive will slowly rewind the tape. The drive will not automatically eject the
cartridge.
The Ready/Activity status light flashes during tape movement. Push the Unload
Button to eject the cartridge.

Cleaning the Drive Head
Attention: When cleaning the drive head, use the IBM LTO Ultrium Cleaning
Cartridge (see “Media Supplies” on page 6-1). You may use another LTO cleaning
cartridge, but it may not meet the standards of reliability established by IBM.
Clean the drive head whenever C displays on the Single-character Display and
the Fault status light is flashing amber once per second. It is not recommended
that you clean the drive head on a periodic basis; only when the drive requests to
be cleaned.
Note: In Maintenance Mode, a flashing C with the solid amber Fault status
light, means to insert a cartridge, not clean the drive head.
To clean the head, insert the cleaning cartridge into the tape load compartment (see
“Front panel of the drive” on page 1-2). The drive performs the cleaning
automatically in less than two minutes then ejects the cartridge. The drive will
perform a short Load/Unload Test while ejecting the drive. Wait for the drive to
finish before removing the cartridge.
Note: The drive will automatically eject an expired cleaning cartridge.
The IBM LTO Ultrium Cleaning Cartridge is valid for 50 uses.

3-6

LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

Diagnostic and Maintenance Functions
The drive can:
v Run diagnostics
v Test write and read functions
v Test a suspect tape cartridge
v Update firmware
v Perform other diagnostic and maintenance functions
The drive must be in maintenance mode to perform these functions.
Attention: Maintenance functions cannot be performed concurrently with read or
write operations. While in maintenance mode, the tape drive does not accept SCSI
commands from the server.
Table 3-4 describes each diagnostic and maintenance function that the drive can
perform, gives the function code which appears on the Single-character Display
(SCD), and directs you to the instructions for performing the function. It is
recommended that you use a customer-supplied scratch (blank) data cartridge for
diagnostic testing.
Note: During normal operation the fan only runs when cooling is required. The
fan will be turned on/off during the POST and Run Drive Diagnostics to
demonstrate the fan is operational.
Table 3-4. Diagnostic and maintenance functions
Function
Code

0
1

Diagnostic or Maintenance Function
Exit Maintenance Mode: Causes the drive to become
available for reading and writing data.
Run Drive Diagnostics: Runs tests to determine whether
the drive can properly load and unload cartridges, and
read and write data.

Instructions Location
“Function Code 0: Maintenance Mode”
on page 3-9
“Function Code 1: Run Drive
Diagnostics” on page 3-9

Update Tape Drive Firmware from FMR Tape: Loads
updated firmware from a field microcode replacement
(FMR) tape.

“Function Code 2: Update Drive
Firmware from FMR Tape” on page 3-10

Create FMR Tape: Copies its field microcode
replacement (FMR) data to a customer-supplied scratch
(blank) data cartridge.

“Function Code 3: Create FMR Tape” on
page 3-11

Force a Drive Dump: Performs a dump of data (also
known as saving a microcode trace).

“Function Code 4: Force a Drive Dump”
on page 3-11

Copy Drive Dump: Copies data from a drive dump
(captured by using Function Code 4) to the beginning of
a customer-supplied scratch (blank) data cartridge,
copies a drive dump to flash memory, or erases a dump
from flash memory.

“Function Code 5: Copy Drive Dump” on
page 3-12

Run Host Interface Wrap Test: Performs a check of the
circuitry from and to the connector.

“Function Code 6: Run Host Interface
Wrap Test” on page 3-13

Run RS-422 Wrap Test: This test causes the drive to
perform a check of the circuitry and connector for the
RS-422 interface.

“Function Code 7: Run RS-422 Wrap Test”
on page 3-14

Chapter 3. Operating

3-7

Table 3-4. Diagnostic and maintenance functions (continued)
Function
Code

Diagnostic or Maintenance Function

Instructions Location

Unmake FMR Tape: Erases the FMR data on a
customer-supplied scratch (blank) data cartridge and
rewrite the cartridge memory on the tape. This turns the
cartridge into a valid customer-supplied scratch data
cartridge.

“Function Code 8: Unmake FMR Tape”
on page 3-15

Display Error Code Log: Displays the last 10 error
codes, one at a time (the codes are ordered; the most
recent is presented first and the oldest (tenth) is
presented last).

“Function Code 9: Display Error Code
Log” on page 3-15

Clear Error Code Log: Erases the contents of the error
code log.

“Function Code A: Clear Error Code Log”
on page 3-16

Insert Cartridge into Tape Drive: This function cannot
be selected by itself, but is a part of other maintenance
functions (such as Run Tape Drive Diagnostics and
Create FMR Tape) that require a tape cartridge to be
loaded.

“Function Code C: Insert Cartridge into
Tape Drive” on page 3-16

Test Cartridge & Media: Performs tests to ensure that a
suspect cartridge and its magnetic tape are acceptable.

“Function Code E: Test Cartridge &
Media” on page 3-16

Write Performance Test: Performs tests to ensure that
the drive can read from and write to tape.

Test Head: Performs tests to ensure that the tape drive’s
head and tape-carriage mechanics are working correctly.

“Function Code H: Test Head” on page
3-18

Fast Read/Write Test: Performs tests to ensure that the
drive can read from and write to tape.

“Function Code J: Fast Read/Write Test”
on page 3-19

Load/Unload Test: Tests the drive’s ability to load and
unload a tape cartridge.

“Function Code L: Load/Unload Test” on
page 3-20

Enable Post Error Reporting: When selected,
deferred-check conditions are reported to the host.

“Function Code P: Post Error Reporting
Enabled” on page 3-21

Disable Post Error Reporting: When selected,
deferred-check conditions are NOT reported to the host.

“Function Code U: Post Error Reporting
Disabled” on page 3-21

A
C

“Function Code F: Write Performance
Test” on page 3-17

Entering Maintenance Mode
The drive must be in maintenance mode to run drive diagnostics or maintenance
functions. To place the unit in maintenance mode:
1. Make sure that no cartridge is in the drive.
2. Press the Unload Button three times within two seconds. 0 appears in the
Single-character Display (SCD), and the Fault Light turns amber.
Note: If a cartridge is in the tape drive, it will eject the first time that you press
the Unload Button and the drive will not be placed in maintenance
mode. To continue placing the drive in maintenance mode, perform the
preceding step. While in Maintenance Mode, the drive will not accept a
cartridge unless the drive requests it. The SCD will display a flashing
to indicate a cartridge needs to be inserted.

3-8

LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

Note: Maintenance functions cannot be performed concurrently with read or write
operations. While in maintenance mode, the drive does not receive SCSI
commands from the server.

Exiting Maintenance Mode
The drive must be in maintenance mode to run drive diagnostics or maintenance
functions. To exit maintenance mode:
1. Press and hold the Unload Button for 3 or more seconds then release the button
to take the drive out of maintenance mode. If no error is detected, 0
temporarily appears in the SCD, then goes blank. The drive then exits
maintenance mode and the Ready/Activity status light will return to Green.
2. If an error is detected, the SCD shows an error code but still exits maintenance
mode. To determine the error, locate the code in “Error Codes and Messages”
on page 5-3. To clear the error, turn the power off, then on again.
Note: The drive also exits maintenance mode automatically after it completes a
maintenance function or after 10 minutes if no action has occurred.

Function Code 0: Maintenance Mode
Function Code 0 makes the drive available for running drive diagnostics or
maintenance functions.
1. Place the drive in Maintenance Mode. For instructions, see“Entering
Maintenance Mode” on page 3-8.
2. To exit Maintenance Mode, see “Exiting Maintenance Mode.”
Note: The drive exits Maintenance Mode automatically after it completes a
maintenance function or after 10 minutes if no action has occurred.

Function Code 1: Run Drive Diagnostics
Approximate Run Time = 5 minutes per loop
Total Number of Loops = 1
Function Code 1 runs tests that determine whether the drive can properly load
and unload cartridges and read and write data.
Record the time it takes for the test to complete. Compare the recorded time with
the ″Approximate Run Time″ above. If the test runs successfully but the execution
time is significantly longer than the ″Approximate Run Time″, run “Function Code
F: Write Performance Test” on page 3-17. If the Write Performance Test fails,
replace the media.
Attention: For this test, insert only a scratch (blank) data cartridge or a cartridge
that may be overwritten. During the test, the drive overwrites the data on the
cartridge.
Note: If you inserted an invalid tape cartridge (e.g. Gen 1, WORM media, or FMR
cartridge), error code

appears in the SCD and the amber Fault status
Chapter 3. Operating

3-9

light flashes. If you inserted a write-protected cartridge, or the media has
read-only compatibility (e.g., Gen2 media), error code P appears in the
SCD. Press the Unload Button. The tape drive unloads the cartridge and
exits Maintenance Mode after the cartridge is removed.
Steps to Execute Run Drive Diagnostics:
1. Place the drive in Maintenance Mode. For instructions, see “Entering
Maintenance Mode” on page 3-8.
2. Press the Unload Button once per second until 1 appears in the SCD. (If you
cycle past the desired code, press the Unload Button once per second until the
code reappears.)
3. Press and hold the Unload Button for three or more seconds, then release it to
select function

. Wait for the SCD to change to a flashing

4. Insert a scratch (blank) data cartridge. The SCD changes to a flashing 1 and
the test begins. During the test, the drive will Unload/Load the cartridge. Do
not remove the cartridge during the test.
v If no error is detected, the diagnostic will exit Maintenance Mode, 0
temporarily appears in the SCD, and the drive returns to Operational Mode
(SCD blank, Green Ready/Activity status light ON, and the Amber Fault
status light is OFF)
v If an error is detected, the Fault status light flashes amber and the drive
posts an error code to the SCD. To determine the error, locate the code in
“Error Codes and Messages” on page 5-3. To clear the error either turn the
power off and then on again, or reboot the drive by pressing and holding the
Unload Button for 10 seconds.

Function Code 2: Update Drive Firmware from FMR Tape
Attention: When updating drive firmware, do not power-off the drive until the
update is complete or the firmware may be lost.
Function Code 8 loads drive firmware from a field microcode replacement
(FMR) tape. The FMR tape must have been created from a LTO Ultrium 4
Half-High tape drive with the same host interface.
1. Place the drive in Maintenance Mode. For instructions, see “Entering
Maintenance Mode” on page 3-8.
2. Press the Unload Button once per second until 8 appears in the SCD. (If you
cycle past the desired code, press the Unload Button once per second until the
code reappears.)
3. Press and hold the Unload Button for three or more seconds, then release it to
select the function. The SCD changes to a flashing

4. Insert the FMR tape cartridge. The SCD changes to a flashing 8 . The amber
Fault status light will be ON solid during tape movement and flashing while
code is being loaded. The green Ready/Activity status light will be OFF. The
tape drive loads the updated firmware from the FMR tape into its erasable
programmable read-only memory (EPROM) area.

3-10

LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

v If the update completes successfully, the tape drive rewinds and unloads the
FMR tape, resets itself, and is ready to use the new firmware. The drive
automatically reboots.
v If the update fails, the tape drive posts an error code to the SCD. To
determine the error, locate the code in “Error Codes and Messages” on page
5-3. Push the Unload Button to eject the cartridge. The drive exits
Maintenance Mode after the cartridge is removed. Contact IBM Technical
Support for problem determination or machine replacement.

Function Code 3: Create FMR Tape
Function Code 3 copies the drive’s field microcode replacement (FMR) data to a
scratch data cartridge. The resulting FMR tape can only be used to update the
firmware on other LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High tape drives with the same host
interface.
Attention: For this function, insert only a scratch (blank) data cartridge or a
cartridge that may be overwritten. During the test, the drive overwrites the data on
the cartridge.
Note: If you inserted an invalid tape cartridge (e.g. Gen 1 or WORM media), error
code 7 appears in the SCD and the amber Fault status light flashes. If you
inserted a write-protected cartridge, or the media has read-only
compatibility (e.g., Gen2 media), error code P appears in the SCD. Press
the Unload Button. The tape drive unloads the cartridge and exits
Maintenance Mode after the cartridge is removed.
1. Place the drive in Maintenance Mode. For instructions, see “Entering
Maintenance Mode” on page 3-8.
2. Press the Unload Button once per second until 3 appears in the SCD. (If you
cycle past the desired code, press the Unload Button once per second until the
code reappears.)
3. Press and hold the Unload Button for three or more seconds, then release it to
select the function. The SCD changes to a flashing C .
4. Insert a scratch (blank) data cartridge that is not write protected (or the tape
drive exits maintenance mode). The SCD changes to a flashing 3 . The tape
drive copies the FMR data to the scratch data cartridge.
v If the tape drive creates the FMR tape successfully, it rewinds and unloads
the new tape, exits Maintenance Mode, and the tape is ready to use .
v If the tape drive fails to create the FMR tape, it displays an error code. To
determine the error, see “Error Codes and Messages” on page 5-3. The tape
drive then unloads the FMR tape, and exits Maintenance Mode after the
cartridge is removed.

Function Code 4: Force a Drive Dump
Function Code 8 performs a dump of data collected by the drive (this process is
also known as saving a microcode trace).
Chapter 3. Operating

3-11

1. Place the drive in Maintenance Mode. For instructions, see “Entering
Maintenance Mode” on page 3-8.
2. Press the Unload Button once per second until 8 appears in the SCD. (If you
cycle past the desired code, press the Unload Button once per second until the
code reappears.)
3. Press and hold the Unload Button for three or more seconds, then release it to
select the function. The drive performs the dump. The SCD shows 0 , then
goes blank, and the drive exits Maintenance Mode. To access the contents of the
dump, see “Function Code 5: Copy Drive Dump.”
Note: You can also force a drive dump when the tape drive is in normal
operating mode. Simply press and hold the Unload Button for ten
seconds. This causes the drive to reboot.

Function Code 5: Copy Drive Dump
Function Code 5 copies data from a drive dump (captured in Function Code 4)
to the beginning of a scratch (blank) data cartridge.
Attention: For this function, insert only a scratch (blank) data cartridge or a
cartridge that may be overwritten. During the test, the drive overwrites the data on
the cartridge.
Note: If you inserted an invalid tape cartridge (e.g. Gen 1, WORM media, or FMR
cartridge), error code 7 appears in the SCD and the amber Fault status
light flashes. If you inserted a write-protected cartridge, or the media has
read-only compatibility (e.g., Gen2 media), error code P appears in the
SCD. Press the Unload Button. The tape drive unloads the cartridge and
exits Maintenance Mode after the cartridge is removed.
1. Place the drive in Maintenance Mode. (For instructions, see “Entering
Maintenance Mode” on page 3-8.) Cycle through the Maintenance Mode
options until

is displayed on the SCD. Press and hold the Unload Button

for three seconds to select Function Code

. After selecting Function Code

the SCD will display option 5 - 1 . Press the Unload Button within 5
seconds to make a different selection. If no other selection is made, the drive

will perform option 5 - 1 .
2. Press the Unload Button once per second to cycle through the following
functions:

3-12

5 - 8 : copy dump to flash memory; clears RAM dump

5 -3

5 - 0 : no function

LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

: copy dump to tape; clears RAM dump

: erase flash memory

If you cycle past the desired code, press the Unload Button once per second
until the code reappears.
3. Press and hold the Unload Button for three or more seconds, then release it to
select one of the above functions.
4. If you selected

5 -0

the drive will exit Maintenance Mode. If you selected

5 -8

or 5 - 3 the SCD will change to a flashing 5 while the procedure
is being performed. After the procedure is completed the drive will exit
Maintenance Mode. If you selected

the SCD will change to a flashing

indicating that a data cartridge is to be inserted.
5. Insert a scratch (blank) data cartridge within 60 seconds, or the drive will exit
Maintenance Mode. Ensure the scratch cartridge is not write protected (or the
tape drive exits maintenance mode). The SCD flashes the selection number
while performing the function.
v If the copy operation completes successfully, the tape drive rewinds and
unloads the tape, and exits Maintenance Mode after the cartridge is removed.
v If the copy operation fails, an error code appears in the SCD. To determine
the error, locate the code in “Error Codes and Messages” on page 5-3. The
tape drive unloads the tape cartridge and exits Maintenance Mode after the
cartridge is removed.

Function Code 6: Run Host Interface Wrap Test
Approximate Run Time = 10 seconds per loop
Number of Loops = This test runs until stopped by pressing the Unload Button.
Function Code 6 performs a check of the host interface circuitry and host
connector on the drive.
1. Make sure that the host interface wrap plug is connected to the host interface
connector at the rear of the drive.
2. Place the drive in Maintenance Mode. For instructions, see “Entering
Maintenance Mode” on page 3-8.
3. For SAS drives:
a. Press the Unload Button once per second until

appears in the SCD.

Cycle through the Maintenance Mode options until 6 is displayed on the
SCD. Press and hold the Unload Button for three seconds to select Function
Code

6 . After selecting Function Code 6

the SCD will display option

. Press the Unload Button within 5 seconds to make a different

selection. If no other selection is made, the drive will perform option

.
b. Continue to press the Unload Button once per second to cycle through the
following functions:
v

: test the primary SAS port
Chapter 3. Operating

3-13

6 - 3 : test both primary and secondary SAS ports at the same time
(requires a wrap plug in both ports)

8 : test the secondary SAS port

v 6 - 0 : exit
c. Press and hold the Unload Button for three or more seconds, then release it
to select one of the above functions. The drive automatically starts the test.
If you cycle past the desired code, press the Unload Button once per second
until the code reappears.
4.

The SCD will display a flashing

6 during the test.

v If no error is detected, the diagnostic will exit Maintenance Mode, 0
temporarily appears in the SCD, and the drive returns to Operational Mode
(SCD blank, Green Ready/Activity status light ON, and the Amber Fault
status light is OFF)
v If an error is detected, the Fault status light flashes amber and the drive
posts an error code to the SCD. To determine the error, locate the code in
“Error Codes and Messages” on page 5-3. To clear the error either turn the
power off and then on again, or reboot the drive by pressing and holding the
Unload Button for 10 seconds.

Function Code 7: Run RS-422 Wrap Test
Approximate Run Time = 10 seconds per loop
Number of Loops = This test runs until stopped by pressing the Unload Button.
This test causes the drive to perform a check of the circuitry and connector for the
RS-422 interface. This connector supports the Library Drive Interface (LDI) and the
Automation Drive Interface (ADI).
Before selecting this function, attach an LDI or RS-422 wrap plug to the drive’s LDI
or RS-422 connector (in place of the LDI or RS-422 cable).
1. Make sure that no cartridge is in the drive, and the appropriate wrap plug is
attached to the RS-422 connector.
2. Place the drive in Maintenance Mode. For instructions, see “Entering
Maintenance Mode” on page 3-8.
3. Press the Unload Button once per second until

appears in the

Single-character Display (SCD). If you cycle past 7 , continue to press the
Unload Button until it displays again.
4. To select the function, press and hold the Unload Button for three seconds.
After you select the function,
test.

flashes and the drive automatically starts the

3-14

LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

v If an error is detected, the Fault status light flashes amber and the drive
posts an error code to the SCD. To determine the error, locate the code in
“Error Codes and Messages” on page 5-3. To clear the error either turn the
power off and then on again, or reboot the drive by pressing and holding the
Unload Button for 10 seconds.

Function Code 8: Unmake FMR Tape
Function Code 8 erases the field microcode replacement (FMR) data and
rewrites the cartridge memory on the tape. This converts the cartridge into a valid
scratch (blank) data cartridge.
1. Place the drive in maintenance mode. For instructions, see “Entering
Maintenance Mode” on page 3-8.
2. Press the Unload Button once per second until 8 appears in the SCD. (If you
cycle past the desired code, press the Unload Button once per second until the
code reappears.)
3. Press and hold the Unload Button for three or more seconds, then release it to
select function

8 . The SCD changes to a flashing C .

4. Insert the FMR data cartridge (or the tape drive exits maintenance mode). The
SCD changes to a flashing 8 . The tape drive erases the firmware on the tape
and rewrites the header in the cartridge memory to change the cartridge to a
valid scratch (blank) data cartridge. The drive then ejects the cartridge and exits
Maintenance Mode.
Note: If you inserted an invalid tape cartridge (e.g. Gen 1, WORM media, or
non-FMR cartridge), error code 7 appears in the SCD and the amber
Fault status light flashes. If you inserted a write-protected cartridge, or
the media has read-only compatibility (e.g., Gen2 media), error code P
appears in the SCD. Press the Unload Button. The tape drive unloads the
cartridge and exits Maintenance Mode after the cartridge is removed.

Function Code 9: Display Error Code Log
Function Code 9 displays the last ten error codes, one at a time (the codes are
ordered; the most recent is presented first and the oldest is presented last). If there
are no errors in the log, function code 0 displays in the Single-character Display
(SCD) and exits Maintenance Mode.
1. Place the drive in Maintenance Mode. For instructions, see “Entering
Maintenance Mode” on page 3-8.
2. Press the Unload Button once per second until 9 appears in the SCD. (If you
cycle past the desired code, press the Unload Button once per second until the
code reappears.)
3. Press the Unload Button, then release it to view the most recent error code.
4. Press and release the Unload Button again to view successive error codes. Let
two to three seconds pass between each depression. The green Ready/Activity

Chapter 3. Operating

3-15

status light and amber Fault status light will flash On/Off once for each
successive error code. The SCD will display 0 when all the error codes have
been displayed.
5. After viewing all error codes, exit this function by pressing the Unload Button
again. The SCD will display

0 and exit Maintenance Mode.

Function Code A: Clear Error Code Log
Function Code A erases the contents of the error code log.
1. Place the drive in Maintenance Mode. For instructions, see “Entering
Maintenance Mode” on page 3-8.
2. Press the Unload Button once per second until A appears in the SCD. (If you
cycle past the desired code, press the Unload Button once per second until the
code reappears.)
3. Press and hold the Unload Button for three or more seconds, then release it to
select the function. A flashes in the SCD, followed by 0 . The tape drive
erases all errors from the error code log and exits Maintenance Mode.

Function Code C: Insert Cartridge into Tape Drive
This function cannot be selected by itself, but is part of other maintenance
functions (such as Run Tape Drive Diagnostics and Create FMR Tape) that require
a tape cartridge to be inserted.

Function Code E: Test Cartridge & Media
Approximate Run Time = 15 minutes per loop
Total Number of Loops = 10
Function Code E performs tests that determine whether a suspect cartridge and
its magnetic tape are acceptable.
Press the Unload Button to stop the diagnostic and exit maintenance mode.
Pressing the Unload Button once will abort the test at the end of the current test
loop. Pressing the Unload Button twice will abort the test immediately. Wait for the
drive to rewind the tape and unload the cartridge.
Attention: When you perform this test, data on the tape will be overwritten.
Note: If you inserted an invalid tape cartridge (e.g. Gen 1, WORM media, or FMR
cartridge), error code 7 appears in the SCD and the amber Fault status
light flashes. If you inserted a write-protected cartridge, or the media has
read-only compatibility (e.g., Gen2 media), error code P appears in the
SCD. Press the Unload Button. The tape drive unloads the cartridge and
exits Maintenance Mode after the cartridge is removed.

3-16

LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

1. Place the drive in Maintenance Mode. For instructions, see “Entering
Maintenance Mode” on page 3-8.
2. Press the Unload Button once per second until E appears in the SCD. (If you
cycle past the desired code, press the Unload Button once per second until the
code reappears.)
3. Press and hold the Unload Button for three or more seconds, then release it to
select the function. The SCD changes to a flashing C requesting a cartridge.
4. Ensure that the write-protect switch on the cartridge is off, then insert the
cartridge (or the tape drive exits maintenance mode). The SCD changes to
flashing

E . The tape drive runs the tests.

Function Code F: Write Performance Test
Approximate Run Time = 5 minutes per loop
Total Number of Loops = 10
Function Code
to tape.

performs tests to ensure that the drive can read from and write

Press the Unload Button to stop the diagnostic and exit maintenance mode.
Pressing the Unload Button once will abort the test at the end of the current test
loop. Pressing the Unload Button twice will abort the test immediately. Wait for the
drive to rewind the tape and unload the cartridge.
Attention: For this test, insert only a scratch (blank) data cartridge or a cartridge
that may be overwritten. During the test, the drive overwrites the data on the
cartridge.
Note: If you inserted an invalid tape cartridge (e.g. Gen 1, WORM media, or FMR
cartridge), error code 7 appears in the SCD and the amber Fault status
light flashes. If you inserted a write-protected cartridge, or the media has
read-only compatibility (e.g., Gen2 media), error code P appears in the
SCD. Press the Unload Button. The tape drive unloads the cartridge and
exits Maintenance Mode after the cartridge is removed.
1. Place the drive in Maintenance Mode. For instructions, see “Entering
Maintenance Mode” on page 3-8.

Chapter 3. Operating

3-17

2. Press the Unload Button once per second until F appears in the SCD. (If you
cycle past the desired code, press the Unload Button once per second until the
code reappears.)
3. Press and hold the Unload Button for three or more seconds, then release it to
select the function. The SCD changes to a flashing

4. Insert a scratch (blank) data cartridge. The SCD changes to a flashing
the tape drive runs the tests.

and

Function Code H: Test Head
Approximate Run Time = 10 minutes per loop
Total Number of Loops = 10
Function Code H performs tests to ensure that the tape drive’s head and
tape-carriage mechanics work correctly.
Record the time it takes for the test to complete. Compare the recorded time with
the ″Approximate Run Time″ above. If the test runs successfully but the execution
time is significantly longer than the ″Approximate Run Time″, run “Function Code
F: Write Performance Test” on page 3-17. If the Write Performance Test fails,
replace the media.
Press the Unload Button to stop the diagnostic and exit maintenance mode.
Pressing the Unload Button once will abort the test at the end of the current test
loop. Pressing the Unload Button twice will abort the test immediately. Wait for the
drive to rewind the tape and unload the cartridge.
Attention: For this test, insert only a scratch (blank) data cartridge or a cartridge
that may be overwritten. During the test, the drive overwrites the data on the
cartridge.
Note: If you inserted an invalid tape cartridge (e.g. Gen 1, WORM media, or FMR
cartridge), error code 7 appears in the SCD and the amber Fault status
light flashes. If you inserted a write-protected cartridge, or the media has
read-only compatibility (e.g., Gen2 media), error code P appears in the
SCD. Press the Unload Button. The tape drive unloads the cartridge and
exits Maintenance Mode after the cartridge is removed.
1. Place the drive in Maintenance Mode. For instructions, see “Entering
Maintenance Mode” on page 3-8.

3-18

LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

2. Press the Unload Button once per second until H appears in the SCD. (If you
cycle past the desired code, press the Unload Button once per second until the
code reappears.)
3. Press and hold the Unload Button for three or more seconds, then release it to
select the function. The SCD changes to a flashing

4. Insert a scratch (blank) data cartridge. The SCD changes to a flashing
tape drive runs the tests.

H . The

Function Code J: Fast Read/Write Test
Approximate Run Time = 5 minutes per loop
Total Number of Loops = 10
Function Code
to tape.

performs tests to ensure that the drive can read from and write

Record the time it takes for the test to complete. Compare the recorded time with
the ″Approximate Run Time″ above. If the test runs successfully but the execution
time is significantly longer than the ″Approximate Run Time″, run “Function Code
F: Write Performance Test” on page 3-17. If the Write Performance Test fails,
replace the media.
Press the Unload Button to stop the diagnostic and exit maintenance mode.
Pressing the Unload Button once will abort the test at the end of the current test
loop. Pressing the Unload Button twice will abort the test immediately. Wait for the
drive to rewind the tape and unload the cartridge.
Attention: For this test, insert only a scratch (blank) data cartridge or a cartridge
that may be overwritten. During the test, the drive overwrites the data on the
cartridge.
Note: If you inserted an invalid tape cartridge (e.g. Gen 1, WORM media, or FMR
cartridge), error code 7 appears in the SCD and the amber Fault status
light flashes. If you inserted a write-protected cartridge, or the media has
read-only compatibility (e.g., Gen2 media), error code P appears in the
SCD. Press the Unload Button. The tape drive unloads the cartridge and
exits Maintenance Mode after the cartridge is removed.
1. Place the drive in Maintenance Mode. For instructions, see “Entering
Maintenance Mode” on page 3-8.
Chapter 3. Operating

3-19

2. Press the Unload Button once per second until J appears in the SCD. (If you
cycle past the desired code, press the Unload Button once per second until the
code reappears.)
3. Press and hold the Unload Button for three or more seconds, then release it to
select the function. The SCD changes to a flashing

4. Insert a scratch (blank) data cartridge. The SCD changes to a flashing
the tape drive runs the tests.

and

Function Code L: Load/Unload Test
Approximate Run Time = 15 seconds per loop
Total Number of Loops = 10
Function Code

tests the drive’s ability to load and unload a tape cartridge.

Press the Unload Button to stop the diagnostic and exit maintenance mode.
Pressing the Unload Button once will abort the test at the end of the current test
loop. Pressing the Unload Button twice will abort the test immediately. Wait for the
drive to rewind the tape and unload the cartridge.
Attention: Even though no data is written during this test, it is recommended
that you use a blank (scratch) cartridge for this test.
1. Place the drive in Maintenance Mode. For instructions, see “Entering
Maintenance Mode” on page 3-8.
2. Press the Unload Button once per second until L appears in the SCD. (If you
cycle past the desired code, press the Unload Button once per second until the
code reappears.)
3. Press and hold the Unload Button for three or more seconds, then release it to
select the function. The SCD changes to a flashing

4. Insert a scratch (blank) data cartridge. The SCD changes to a flashing
the tape drive runs the tests.

and

3-20

LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

Function Code P: Post Error Reporting Enabled
When Post Error Reporting is enabled, deferred-check conditions are reported to
the host and temporary errors are reported in the sense data. Function Code

P will be displayed in Maintenance Mode when the drive has Post Error
Reporting enabled.
This selection is normally used as a request from IBM support personnel.
1. Place the drive in Maintenance Mode. For instructions, see “Entering
Maintenance Mode” on page 3-8.
2. Press the Unload Button once per second until either

U appears in the

SCD. P or U will appear in the SCD to indicate the current setting for Post
Error Reporting. If you cycle past the desired code, press the Unload Button
once per second until the code reappears.
3. Exit Maintenance Mode if you do not want to change the current setting for
Post Error Reporting. For instructions, see “Exiting Maintenance Mode” on
page 3-9.
4. To disable Post Error Reporting, Press and hold the Unload Button for three
seconds while P appears in the SCD. The SCD changes to U after you
release the Unload Button.
5. Press the Unload Button once per second to select another Maintenance Mode
Function. To exit Maintenance Mode, refer to “Exiting Maintenance Mode” on
page 3-9.

Function Code U: Post Error Reporting Disabled
When Post Error Reporting is disabled, deferred-check conditions are not reported
to the host and temporary errors are not reported in the sense data. This is the
normal (default) setting for the drive. When the drive has Post Error Reporting
disabled, Function Code U will be displayed in Maintenance Mode. The drive
will default to Post Error Reporting disabled after a reboot or power off/on cycle.
1. Place the drive in Maintenance Mode. For instructions, see “Entering
Maintenance Mode” on page 3-8.
2. Press the Unload Button once per second until either

U appears in the

Chapter 3. Operating

3-21

4. To disable Post Error Reporting, Press and hold the Unload Button for three
seconds while P appears in the SCD. The SCD changes to U after you
release the Unload Button.
5. Press the Unload Button once per second to select another Maintenance Mode
Function. To exit Maintenance Mode, refer to “Exiting Maintenance Mode” on
page 3-9.

Updating Firmware
Attention: When updating firmware, do not power-off the drive until the update
is complete, or the firmware may be lost.
It is the customer’s responsibility to ensure that this drive has the latest firmware.
Periodically check for updated levels of drive firmware by visiting the web at
http://www.ibm.com/storage/lto. Update drive firmware using:
v The host interface
v The LDI or RS-422 interface
v The ITDT tool
v A field microcode replacement (FMR) tape cartridge
For instructions on obtaining a new firmware image or FMR tape, visit
http://www.ibm.com/storage/lto. To update the firmware, refer to the following
sections.

Updating Firmware through the Host Interface
When updating drive firmware by using the host interface, the procedure varies
depending on whether your server uses an IBM tape device driver or a non-IBM
tape device driver (such as a driver from Sun, Hewlett-Packard, or Microsoft®).
For instructions about updating firmware from a server that uses an IBM tape
device driver, refer to the IBM Tape Device Drivers Installation and User’s Guide.
To update firmware from a server that uses a non-IBM tape device driver, refer to
the documentation for that device driver.

Updating Firmware through the Library/Drive Interface
The drive includes a firmware update feature that allows a tape library to
download firmware to the drive by using the Library/Drive Interface (LDI) while
the drive performs normal host operations on logical unit number (LUN) 0 of the
SCSI Protocol Interface. The command may be received by the host interface or the
LDI (RS-422) interface. For specific instructions about updating the drive firmware
in a library, refer to the library documentation and procedures.
Note: If a Power-on Reset command is received while a cartridge is loaded in the
drive, the drive will respond with a Check Condition. It will not activate the
new code level until you cycle power, or until a Power-on Reset command is
received and the drive does not contain a cartridge.

3-22

LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

ITDT Firmware Update, Dump Retrieval and Library/Drive Test
Tool
ITDT is a tool with multiple functional capability and is a very quick, convenient,
and efficient method for drive firmware updates. As a note, drive dump retrievals
can be performed by the tool as well.
Below are some of the capabilities of this tool:
v Firmware update capability to all IBM LTO Tape Drives.
v The tool does not require any special device drivers.
v The tool is available for most major platforms (Windows®, AIX®, SUN, Linux™,
NetWare, AS/400).
v The tool is capable of uploading drive dump files.
v The tool’s primary function is thoroughly testing a drive. However, if the library
is online to the server/host where the tool resides, ITDT will communicate with
the drive through the library to load and unload a test cartridge thereby
exercising some library functions.
v The tool scans the host bus and will find and display for selection all IBM LTO
devices. The tool will not display and allow for selection any non-IBM device.
v Each function has ″Help″ selection which explains the required syntax as well as
a brief explanation of the particular function.
v A Readme text file will be posted with the .exe for a thorough explanation of
initial tool download information from the web as well as explanation of tool
capabilities. Refer to the ITDT Readme text file for information on tool usage.
You can also refer to the web at http://www.ibm.com/storage/lto and look for
information about the ITDT site.
v The tool is currently a ″command line″ tool with a simple entry by keying in the
executable name, itdt, from the directory where the tool is located.

Updating the Firmware with an FMR Tape Cartridge
Attention: A SAS drive requires a SAS firmware image. Other types of firmware
images will not load on the SAS drive.
To update the drive’s firmware from an FMR tape cartridge:
1. Create an FMR tape (see “Function Code 3: Create FMR Tape” on page 3-11). A
single FMR tape can be used to update multiple drives if the drives are the
same drive type (e.g. LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High) and host interface (e.g. SAS).
2. Update the drive firmware (see “Function Code 2: Update Drive Firmware
from FMR Tape” on page 3-10).
After updating the drive firmware, the FMR tape can be used as a data cartridge
by using the ″Unmake FMR Tape″ function (see “Function Code 8: Unmake FMR
Tape” on page 3-15).
The SCD presents a series of random characters during the firmware download
and update. The SCD briefly displays 8 , then becomes blank (not lit) when the
firmware download and update is complete and there are no errors. An error code
will be displayed if a firmware download or update error has been detected. The
Ready/Activity status light is off and the Fault status light flashes amber during
the firmware download and update. The Ready/Activity status light is solid green
after the firmware download and update are complete.
Chapter 3. Operating

3-23

3-24

LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

Chapter 4. Using Ultrium Media
To ensure that your IBM Ultrium Tape Drive conforms to IBM’s specifications for
reliability, use only IBM LTO Ultrium tape cartridges. You may use other
LTO-certified data cartridges, but they may not meet the standards of reliability
that are established by IBM. The IBM LTO Ultrium Data Cartridge can not be used
in other IBM non-LTO Ultrium tape products.

Figure 4-1. The IBM LTO Ultrium Data Cartridge
1

LTO cartridge memory

a chip that contains information about the cartridge and the tape, as well
as statistical information about the cartridge’s use (For more information,
see “Cartridge Memory Chip (LTO-CM)” on page 4-2.)

Cartridge door

protects the tape from contamination when the cartridge is out of the
drive

Leader Pin

The tape is attached to a leader pin, behind the cartridge door. When the
cartridge is inserted into the drive, a threading mechanism pulls the pin
(and tape) out of the cartridge, across the drive head, and onto a
non-removable take-up reel. The head can then read or write data from or
to the tape.

Write-protect Switch

prevents data from being written to the tape cartridge (For more
information, see “Write-Protect Switch” on page 4-2.)

Label area

provides a location to place a label.

Insertion guide

a large, notched area that prevents the cartridge from being inserted
incorrectly

4-1

Types of Cartridges
IBM Ultrium media is available in the following types:
v “Data Cartridge”
v “WORM (Write Once, Read Many) Cartridge” on page 4-3
v “Cleaning Cartridge” on page 4-4

Data Cartridge
All generations of IBM Ultrium data cartridges contain 1/2-inch, dual-coat,
metal-particle tape. When processing tape in the cartridges, Ultrium Tape Drives
use a linear, serpentine recording format.
Each generation of data cartridge is identified by case color, native data capacity,
recording format and nominal cartridge life.
Data Cartridge

Native Data
Capacity

Case Color

Ultrium 4

Green

Ultrium 3

Recording Format*

Nominal Cartridge Life
(load/unload cycles)

800 GB (1600 GB at Reads and writes data on 896
2:1 compression)
tracks, sixteen tracks at a time.

20,000

Slate Blue

400 GB (800 GB at
2:1 compression)

Reads and writes data on 704
tracks, sixteen tracks at a time

20,000

Ultrium 2

Purple

200 GB (400 GB at
2:1 compression)

Reads and writes data on 512
tracks, eight tracks at a time

10,000

Ultrium 1

Black

100 GB (200 GB at
2:1 compression)

Reads and writes data on 384
tracks, eight tracks at a time

5,000

* The first set of tracks (sixteen for Ultrium 4 and 3; eight for Ultrium 2 and 1) is written from near the beginning of
the tape to near the end of the tape. The head then repositions to the next set of tracks for the return pass. This
process continues until all tracks are written and the cartridge is full, or until all data is written.

Cartridge Memory Chip (LTO-CM)
All generations of the IBM LTO Ultrium Data Cartridges include a Linear
Tape-Open Cartridge Memory (LTO-CM) chip (1 in Figure 4-1 on page 4-1), that
contains information about the cartridge and the tape (such as the name of the
manufacturer that created the tape), as well as statistical information about the
cartridge’s use. The LTO-CM enhances the efficiency of the cartridge. For example,
the LTO-CM stores the end-of-data location which, when the next time this
cartridge is inserted and the WRITE command is issued, enables the drive to
quickly locate the recording area and begin recording. The LTO-CM also aids in
determining the reliability of the cartridge by storing data about its age, how many
times it has been loaded, and how many errors it has accumulated. Whenever a
tape cartridge is unloaded, the tape drive writes any pertinent information to the
cartridge memory.
The storage capacity of the LTO Generation 4 LTO-CM is 8160 bytes. LTO
Generations 1, 2, and 3 have an LTO-CM capacity of 4096 bytes.

Write-Protect Switch
The position of the write-protect switch on the tape cartridge (see 4 in Figure 4-1
on page 4-1) determines whether you can write to the tape. If the switch is set to:
v The locked position

4-2

LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

(solid red), data cannot be written to the tape.

v The unlocked position (black void), data can be written to the tape.
If possible, use your server’s application software to write-protect your cartridges
(rather than manually setting the write-protect switch). This allows the server’s
software to identify a cartridge that no longer contains current data and is eligible
to become a scratch (blank) data cartridge. Do not write-protect scratch (blank)
cartridges; the tape drive will not be able to write new data to them.
If you must manually set the write-protect switch, slide it left or right to the
desired position.

Capacity Scaling
To control the capacity of the cartridge (for example, to obtain a faster seek time)
issue the SCSI command SET CAPACITY. For information about this command,
refer to the IBM TotalStorage Ultrium Tape Drive SCSI Reference.

WORM (Write Once, Read Many) Cartridge
Certain records retention and data security applications require a Write Once, Read
Many (WORM) method for storing data on tape. The LTO Ultrium generation 3
and 4 drives enable WORM support when a WORM tape cartridge is loaded into
the drive.

a67b0024

Because standard read/write media are incompatible with the WORM feature, a
specially formatted WORM tape cartridge (see Figure 4-2) is required. Each WORM
cartridge has a unique, worldwide cartridge identifier (WWCID), which comprises
the unique CM chip serial number and the unique tape media serial number. See
Ordering Media Supplies for information on how to choose and purchase the
appropriate WORM tape cartridges for your library.

Figure 4-2. Ultrium Data Cartridge on the left; WORM Cartridge on the right
Type of Cartridge

Case Color

Native Data Capacity

Recording Format*

Ultrium 4 WORM

Green and Silvery gray 800 GB (1600 GB at 2:1
compression)

Reads and writes data on 896 tracks,
sixteen tracks at a time.

Ultrium 3 WORM

Slate Blue and Silvery
gray

Reads and writes data on 704 tracks,
sixteen tracks at a time

400 GB (800 GB at 2:1
compression)

Chapter 4. Using Ultrium Media

4-3

Data Security on WORM Media
Certain built-in security measures help ensure that the data written on a WORM
cartridge does not become compromised, for example:
v The format of a WORM Tape Cartridge is unlike that of standard read/write
media. This unique format prevents a drive that lacks WORM-capable firmware
from writing on a WORM tape cartridge.
v When the drive senses a WORM cartridge, the firmware prohibits the changing
or altering of user data already written on the tape. The firmware keeps track of
the last appendable point on the tape.

WORM Media Errors
The following conditions cause WORM media errors to occur:
v Information in the servo manufacturer’s word (SMW) on the tape must match
information from the cartridge memory (CM) module in the cartridge. If it does
not match:
– a full-high tape drive will post a media Error Code 7 on the single-character
display (SCD).
– a library will post an error on the operator control panel
v Inserting a WORM tape cartridge into a drive that is not WORM capable causes
the cartridge to be treated as an unsupported medium. The drive will report a
media Error Code 7. Upgrading the drive firmware to the correct code level will
resolve the problem.

Requirements for WORM Capability
To add WORM capability to your LTO Ultrium generation 3 or generation 4
drive(s), drive firmware must be at the correct code level, and you must use either
Ultrium 3 400 GB WORM tape cartridges or Ultrium 4 800 GB WORM tape
cartridges (see “Media Supplies” on page 6-1).

Cleaning Cartridge
With each library, a specially labeled IBM LTO Ultrium Cleaning Cartridge is
supplied to clean the drive head. The drive itself determines when a head needs to
be cleaned. To clean the head, insert the cleaning cartridge into the tape load
compartment of the drive or the Input/Output (I/O) Station of the library. The
cleaning is performed automatically. When the cleaning is finished, the cartridge is
ejected.
Note: The drive will automatically eject an expired cleaning cartridge.
IBM Cleaning Cartridges are valid for 50 uses. The cartridge’s LTO-CM chip tracks
the number of times that the cartridge is used.

Cartridge Compatibility
Table 4-1. Ultrium cartridge compatibility with Ultrium tape drives
IBM Ultrium Tape Drive
Ultrium 4

IBM LTO Ultrium Data Cartridges
800 GB (Ultrium 4)

400 GB (Ultrium 3)

200GB (Ultrium 2)

Read/Write

Read only

Read/Write

Ultrium 3

4-4

LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

100GB (Ultrium 1)

Read only

Table 4-1. Ultrium cartridge compatibility with Ultrium tape drives (continued)
IBM LTO Ultrium Data Cartridges

IBM Ultrium Tape Drive

800 GB (Ultrium 4)

400 GB (Ultrium 3)

Ultrium 2

200GB (Ultrium 2)

100GB (Ultrium 1)

Read/Write

Ultrium 1

Read/Write

Bar Code Labels
A bar code label contains:
v A volume serial number (VOLSER) that is human-readable
v A bar code that the library can read
Note: The tape drive does not require bar code labels, but you may choose to use
labels for tape cartridge identification purposes.
Table 4-2. Bar code label requirements for Ultrium tape drives and libraries
Ultrium Tape Drive/Library

Bar Code Label Requirements

3573

Not required

3576

Recommended

3580

Not required

3581

Required with optional Bar Code Reader

3582

Required

3583

Required

3584

Required

When read by a library’s bar code reader, the bar code identifies the cartridge’s
VOLSER to the library. The bar code also tells the library whether the cartridge is a
data cartridge, WORM cartridge or cleaning cartridge. In addition, the bar code
includes the two-character media-type identifier Lx, where x equals 1, 2, 3, 4, T or
U. Figure 4-3 on page 4-6 shows a sample bar code label for the LTO Ultrium Tape
Cartridge.
Table 4-3. Cartridges and VOLSERs
Cartridges

VOLSER

Ultrium 4 Data Cartridge

xxxxxxL4

Ultrium 4 WORM Cartridge

xxxxxxLU

Ultrium 3 Data Cartridge*

xxxxxxL3

Ultrium 3 WORM Cartridge

xxxxxxLT

Ultrium 2 Data Cartridge

xxxxxxL2

Ultrium 1 Data Cartridge (READ ONLY)

xxxxxxL1

IBM LTO Ultrium Cleaning Cartridge

CLNxxxLx

*An Ultrium 3 Tape Drive must have a minimum firmware level of 54xx for it to be compatible with the WORM
cartridge.

Chapter 4. Using Ultrium Media

4-5

Tape cartridges can be ordered with the labels included or with custom labels. To
order tape cartridges and bar code labels, see Ordering Media Supplies. The bar
code for usage in IBM tape libraries must meet predefined specifications. They
include (but are not limited to):
v Eight uppercase alphanumeric characters, where the last two characters must be
L4, L3, L2, L1, LT, or LU
v Label and printing to be non-glossy
v Nominal narrow line or space width of 0.423 mm (0.017 in.)
v Wide to narrow ratio of 2.75:1
v Minimum bar length of 11.1 mm (0.44 in.)
To determine the complete specifications of the bar code and the bar code label,
visit the web at http://www.ibm.com/storage/lto (select LTO Support), or contact
your IBM Sales Representative.
When attaching a bar code label to a tape cartridge, place the label only in the
recessed label area (see 4 in Figure 4-1 on page 4-1). A label that extends outside
of the recessed area can cause loading problems in the drive.
Attention: Do not place any type of mark on the white space at either end of the
bar code. A mark in this area may prevent the library from reading the label.
T

a69i0349

Figure 4-3. Sample bar code label on the LTO Ultrium 4 Tape Cartridge. The volume serial number (LTO123), cartridge
type (L4), and bar code are printed on the label.

Guidelines for Using Bar Code Labels
Apply the following guidelines whenever using bar code labels:
v Use only IBM-approved bar code labels on cartridges to be used in an IBM tape
library.
v Do not reuse a label or reapply a used label over an existing label.
v Before you apply a new label, remove the old label by slowly pulling it at a
right angle to the cartridge case.
v Use peel-clean labels that do not leave a residue after being removed. If there is
glue residue on the cartridge, remove it by gently rubbing it with your finger.
Do not use a sharp object, water, or a chemical to clean the label area.
v Examine the label before applying it to the cartridge. Do not use the label if it
has voids or smears in the printed characters or bar code (a library’s inventory
operation will take much longer if the bar code label is not readable).
v Remove the label from the label sheet carefully. Do not stretch the label or cause
the edges to curl.

4-6

LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

v Position the label within the recessed label area (see 5 in Figure 4-1 on page
4-1).
v With light finger pressure, smooth the label so that no wrinkles or bubbles exist
on its surface.
v Verify that the label is smooth and parallel, and has no roll-up or roll-over. The
label must be flat to within 0.5 mm (0.02 in.) over the length of the label and
have no folds, missing pieces, or smudges.
v Do not place other machine-readable labels on other surfaces of the cartridge.
They may interfere with the ability of the drive to load the cartridge.

Handling Cartridges
Attention: Do not insert a damaged tape cartridge into the drive. A damaged
cartridge can interfere with the reliability of a drive and may void the warranties
of the drive and the cartridge. Before inserting a tape cartridge, inspect the
cartridge case, cartridge door, and write-protect switch for breaks.
Incorrect handling or an incorrect environment can damage cartridges or their
magnetic tape. To avoid damage to your tape cartridges and to ensure the
continued high reliability of your IBM LTO Ultrium Tape Drives, use the following
guidelines.

Provide Training
v Post procedures that describe proper media handling in places where people
gather.
v Ensure that anyone who handles tape has been properly trained in handling and
shipping procedures. This includes operators, users, programmers, archival
services, and shipping personnel.
v Ensure that any service or contract personnel who perform archiving are
properly trained in media-handling procedures.
v Include media-handling procedures as part of any services contract.
v Define and make personnel aware of data recovery procedures.

Provide Proper Acclimation and Environmental Conditions
v Before using a cartridge, let it acclimate to the normal operating environment for
1 hour. If condensation is visible on the cartridge, wait an additional hour.
v Ensure that all surfaces of a cartridge are dry before inserting it.
v Do not expose the cartridge to moisture or direct sunlight.
v Do not expose recorded or blank cartridges to stray magnetic fields of greater
than 100 oersteds (for example, terminals, motors, video equipment, X-ray
equipment, or fields that exist near high-current cables or power supplies). Such
exposure can cause the loss of recorded data or make the blank cartridge
unusable.
v Maintain the conditions that are described in Table 4-4 on page 4-10.

Perform a Thorough Inspection
After purchasing a cartridge and before using it, perform the following steps:
v Inspect the cartridge’s packaging to determine potential rough handling.
v When inspecting a cartridge, open only the cartridge door. Do not open any
other part of the cartridge case. The upper and lower parts of the case are held
together with screws; separating them destroys the usefulness of the cartridge.
Chapter 4. Using Ultrium Media

4-7

v Inspect the cartridge for damage before using or storing it.
v Inspect the rear of the cartridge (the part that loads first into the tape load
compartment) and ensure that there are no gaps in the seam of the cartridge
case (see 1 in Figure 4-4 and 4 in Figure B-2 on page B-2). If there are gaps
in the seam (see Figure 4-4), the leader pin may be dislodged. Go to Appendix B,
“Repairing a Cartridge,” on page B-1.

Figure 4-4. Checking for gaps in the seams of a cartridge

v Check that the leader pin is properly seated (see 2 in Figure B-2 on page B-2).
v If you suspect that the cartridge has been mishandled but it appears usable,
copy any data onto a good cartridge immediately for possible data recovery.
Discard the mishandled cartridge.
v Review handling and shipping procedures.

Handle the Cartridge Carefully
v Do not drop the cartridge. If the cartridge drops, slide the cartridge door back
and ensure that the leader pin is properly seated in the pin-retaining spring clips
(see 2 in Figure B-1 on page B-2). If the leader pin has become dislodged, go
to “Repositioning a Leader Pin” on page B-1.
v Do not handle tape that is outside the cartridge. Handling the tape can damage
the tape’s surface or edges, which may interfere with read or write reliability.
Pulling on tape that is outside the cartridge can damage the tape and the brake
mechanism in the cartridge.
v Do not stack more than six cartridges.
v Do not degauss a cartridge that you intend to reuse. Degaussing makes the tape
unusable.

Ensure Proper Packaging
v When shipping a cartridge, use the original or better packaging.
v Always ship or store a cartridge in a jewel case.
v Use only a recommended shipping container that securely holds the cartridge in
its jewel case during transportation. Ultrium Turtlecases (by Perm-A-Store) have

4-8

LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

been tested and found to be satisfactory . They are available at
http://www.turtlecase.com.

Figure 4-5. Tape cartridges in a Turtlecase

v Never ship a cartridge in a commercial shipping envelope. Always place it in a
box or package.
v If you ship the cartridge in a cardboard box or a box of a sturdy material, ensure
the following:
– Place the cartridge in polyethylene plastic wrap or bags to protect it from
dust, moisture, and other contaminants.
– Pack the cartridge snugly; do not allow it to move around.
– Double-box the cartridge (place it inside a box, then place that box inside the
shipping box) and add padding between the two boxes.

Figure 4-6. Double-boxing tape cartridges for shipping

Chapter 4. Using Ultrium Media

4-9

Environmental and Shipping Specifications for Tape Cartridges
Before you use a tape cartridge, acclimate it to the operating environment to
prevent condensation in the drive (the time will vary, depending on the
environmental extremes to which the cartridge was exposed).
The best storage container for the cartridges (until they are opened) is the original
shipping container. The plastic wrapping prevents dirt from accumulating on the
cartridges and partially protects them from humidity changes.
When you ship a cartridge, place it in its jewel case or in a sealed, moisture-proof
bag to protect it from moisture, contaminants, and physical damage. Ship the
cartridge in a shipping container that has enough packing material to cushion the
cartridge and prevent it from moving within the container.
Table 4-4. Environment for operating, storing, and shipping the LTO Ultrium Tape Cartridge
Environmental Specifications
Environmental Factor
Temperature

Operating
10 to 45°C(50 to
113°F)

Operational Storage1

Archival Storage2

16 to 32°C(61 to 90°F) 16 to 25°C(61 to 77°F)

Shipping
-23 to 49°C(-9 to
120°F)

Relative humidity
(non-condensing)

10 to 80%

20 to 80%

20 to 50%

5 to 80%

Maximum wet bulb
temperature

26°C(79°F)

Note:
1. The short term or operational storage environment is for storage durations of up to six months.
2. The long term or archival storage environment is for durations of six months up to ten years.

Disposing of Tape Cartridges
Under the current rules of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA),
regulation 40CFR261, the LTO Ultrium Tape Cartridge is classified as
non-hazardous waste. As such, it may be disposed of in the same way as normal
office trash. These regulations are amended from time to time, and you should
review them at the time of disposal.
If your local, state, country (non-U.S.A.), or regional regulations are more
restrictive than EPA 40CFR261, you must review them before you dispose of a
cartridge. Contact your account representative for information about the materials
that are in the cartridge.
If a tape cartridge must be disposed of in a secure manner, you can erase the data
on the cartridge by using a high-energy ac degausser (use a minimum of 4000
oersted peak field over the entire space that the cartridge occupies). The tape
should make two passes through the field at 90 degree orientation change for each
pass to achieve complete erasure. Some commercial degaussers have two magnetic
field regions offset 90 degrees from each other to accomplish complete erasure in
one pass for higher throughput. Degaussing makes the cartridge unusable.
If you burn the cartridge and tape, ensure that the incineration complies with all
applicable regulations.

4-10

LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

Chapter 5. Troubleshooting
If you encounter problems when running the drive, refer to Table 5-1. The states of
the status lights may also indicate a problem.
Table 5-1. Half-high drive troubleshooting tips
If the problem is this....

Do this....

The amber Fault status light is
flashing slowly.

This indicates one of the following failures has occurred:
v Unrecoverable drive failure (see “Removing/reinstalling a SAS Drive
from/in an enclosure” on page C-1)
v Firmware upgrade failure - Retry the firmware upgrade. If it still fails, see
“Removing/reinstalling a SAS Drive from/in an enclosure” on page C-1.
v Media failure (See ″The amber Fault status light is flashing slowly.″ below
for more information.)
v Incorrect media (See ″The amber Fault status light is flashing slowly.″
below for more information.)

The amber Fault status light is solid
ON.

This indicates that the drive has reached its maximum operating
temperature. Power OFF the drive until the temperature of the drive has
returned to the normal operating temperature range (see “Environmental
specifications” on page 1-7).

The amber Fault status light is
flashing slowly.

Perform one of the following:
v This indicates that incorrect media has been inserted into the drive. If the
drive does not eject the cartridge press the Unload button to eject the
cartridge from the drive and replace with the correct media (see
“Cartridge compatibility” on page 1-3).
v This indicates a media failure. Press the Unload button to eject the
cartridge from the drive. Remove the cartridge from the drive and inspect
it for damage and debris. Verify that the Write-Protect Switch on the
cartridge is in the unlocked position (see “Write-Protect Switch” on page
4-2).

The green Ready/Activity status light The drive has no power. Check the power at the power source. Connect
never turns ON.
power to the drive (see “Connect and test power to the drive” on page 2-4).
If the problem persists, replace the drive.
The drive will not load a tape
cartridge.

One of the following has occurred:
v A tape cartridge is already inserted. To remove the cartridge, press the
Unload button. If the cartridge does not eject, turn off the power to the
drive, then turn it back on. After the green Ready/Activity status light
becomes solid ON, press the Unload button to eject the cartridge.
v The tape cartridge was inserted incorrectly. To properly insert a cartridge,
see “Inserting a Tape Cartridge” on page 3-5.
v The tape cartridge may be defective. Insert another tape cartridge. If the
problem exists for multiple cartridges, the drive is defective. Replace the
defective drive with a new drive.
v The drive has no power. Connect power to the drive (see “Connect and
test power to the drive” on page 2-4).
v The drive has exceeded its maximum operating temperature. Power OFF
the drive until the temperature of the drive has returned to the normal
operating temperature range (see “Environmental specifications” on page
1-7).

5-1

Table 5-1. Half-high drive troubleshooting tips (continued)
If the problem is this....

Do this....

The drive will not unload the tape
cartridge.

The tape cartridge is stuck or is broken. Press the Unload button. If the
cartridge does not eject, turn off the power to the drive, then turn it back on
(note that the mid-tape recovery could take up to ten minutes to complete).
If the cartridge still does not eject, contact IBM Support.

Log sense data and drive sense data
at the server console.

See “Using sense data” on page 5-8.

The library reported an LDI or RS-422 The LDI or RS-422 circuitry may be defective. See “Function Code 1: Run
communication problem with the
Drive Diagnostics” on page 3-9 or “ITDT Firmware Update, Dump Retrieval
drive.
and Library/Drive Test Tool” on page 3-23 for information on running the
drive diagnostic. If the test runs successfully but the problem persists, refer
to your library’s service documentation.
The drive does not respond to server
commands.

Press and hold the Unload button on the drive for 12 seconds to force a
drive dump. The drive will save the dump and then reboot to allow
communication to the drive to occur. Do not cycle power, as this will erase
the contents of the dump.

The enclosure’s display (if the drive is Refer to the documentation for the enclosure.
enclosed in a library)
Drive sense data sent to a library (if
the drive is enclosed in a library).

Refer to the documentation for the library.

Methods of Receiving Errors and Messages
Use this section as a guide for identifying error codes and message codes reported
by the drive, its enclosure (if applicable), or the server.
Note: The codes on the Single-character Display (SCD) have different meanings,
depending on whether they display during normal operations or while the
drive is in maintenance mode. Codes that occur during normal operations
are defined in “Error Codes and Messages” on page 5-3. Codes that occur
while in maintenance mode are defined in “Diagnostic and Maintenance
Functions” on page 3-7.
Table 5-2. Methods of receiving errors and messages
If the error or message was
presented by....

Do this....

The enclosure’s display (if the drive is Refer to the documentation for the enclosure.
enclosed in a library or autoloader)
The drive’s SCD and the Fault status
light flashes amber

See “Error Codes and Messages” on page 5-3. To determine the meaning of
Status Light activity, see “Status Lights” on page 3-1.

The drive’s SCD and the Fault status
light is solid amber

See “Diagnostic and Maintenance Functions” on page 3-7. To determine the
meaning of Status Light activity, see “Status Lights” on page 3-1.

SCSI log sense data (such as
TapeAlert flags) and SCSI drive sense
data at the server console

See “Error Codes and Messages” on page 5-3, or “Using sense data” on
page 5-8.

Drive sense data sent to a library (if
the drive is enclosed in a library)

Refer to your library’s documentation, then see “Error Codes and Messages”
on page 5-3.

The drive’s error log

See “Error Codes and Messages” on page 5-3 and “Viewing the Drive Error
Log” on page 5-13.

5-2

LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

Error Codes and Messages
If the drive detects a permanent error, it will display the error code on the SCD
and flash the Amber Fault status light (Green Ready/Activity status light will be
Off).
v Make note of the error code displaying on the SCD prior to removing a cartridge
or clearing the SCD error code.
v If an error occurred with a cartridge in the drive, push the Unload Button to
eject the cartridge.
v To clear the error code displayed on the SCD and power cycle the drive, press
the Unload Button for ten seconds. A drive dump will be created.
Attention: If the drive detects a permanent error and displays an error code other
than 0 , it automatically performs a drive dump. If you force a drive dump, the
existing dump will be overwritten and data will be lost. After you force a drive
dump, do not turn off the power to the drive or you may lose the dump data.
Table 5-3. Error codes on the Single-character Display
Error Code

Cause and Action

No error occurred and no action is required. This code displays when diagnostics have finished
running and no error occurred.
Note: The Single-character Display is blank during normal operation of the tape drive.

Temperature problem. The tape drive detected that the recommended operating temperature was
exceeded. Perform one or more of the following actions:
v Ensure that the cooling fan is rotating and is quiet. If not, refer to your enclosure
documentation.
v Remove any blockage that prevents air from flowing freely through the tape drive.
v Ensure that the operating temperature and airflow is within the specified range (see
“Specifications” on page 1-6).
Clear the error code by power cycling the tape drive or placing the drive in Maintenance Mode. If
the operating temperature and airflow are within the specified range, and the problem persists,
replace the drive.

Power problem. The tape drive detected that the externally supplied power is outside the
specified voltage limits (the tape drive is not operating). Perform the following action:
1. Ensure that the power connector is properly seated.
2. Ensure that the proper dc voltages are being applied within the tolerances allowed (see
“Specifications” on page 1-6).
3. If the proper voltages are not being applied, service the power supply.
4. If the proper voltages are being applied, power off/on the tape drive to see if the problem
repeats.
5. Replace the tape drive if the problem persists.
The error code clears when you place the tape drive in maintenance mode.

Chapter 5. Resolving problems

5-3

Table 5-3. Error codes on the Single-character Display (continued)
Error Code

Cause and Action
Firmware problem. The tape drive determined that a firmware error occurred. Perform the
following action:
1. Collect a drive dump from one of the following:
Note: Do not force a new dump; the tape drive has already created one.
v Server’s host interface by using a device driver utility or system tool (for instructions about
reading a drive dump from tape, visit the Web at http://www.ibm.com/storage/lto)
v Ultrium Tape Drive (to copy and read a drive dump, use “Function Code 5: Copy Drive
Dump” on page 3-12)
2. Power the tape drive off and on, then retry the operation that produced the error.
3. If the problem persists, download new firmware and retry the operation.
4. If the problem persists, send the drive dump that you collected in step 1 to your IBM Support
Center.
The error code clears when you place the tape drive in maintenance mode.

Firmware or hardware problem. The tape drive determined that a firmware or tape drive
hardware failure occurred. Perform the following action:
1. Collect a drive dump from one of the following:
Note: Do not force a new dump; one already exists.
v Server’s host interface by using a device driver utility or system tool (for instructions about
reading a drive dump from tape, visit the Web at http://www.ibm.com/storage/lto)
v Ultrium Tape Drive (to copy and read a drive dump, use “Function Code 5: Copy Drive
Dump” on page 3-12)
2. Power the tape drive off and on, then retry the operation that produced the error. The error
code clears when you place the tape drive in maintenance mode.
3. If the problem persists, download new firmware and retry the operation; if new firmware is
not available, replace the drive.

Tape drive hardware problem. The drive determined that a tape path or read/write error
occurred. To prevent damage to the drive or tape, the tape drive will not allow you to insert a
cartridge if the current cartridge was successfully ejected. The error code may clear when you
cycle power to the tape drive or place it in maintenance mode. If the problem persists, replace the
drive.
Note: Copy the drive dump to flash memory before returning the drive. For instructions, refer to
“Function Code 5: Copy Drive Dump” on page 3-12.
Tape drive or media error. The tape drive determined that an error occurred, but it cannot isolate
the error to faulty hardware or to the tape cartridge. Ensure the tape cartridge is the correct media
type:
v Ultrium -1 tape cartridges are not supported in LTO 4 Half-High tape drives.
v Drive will not accept an expired Cleaning Cartridge.
v Drive will not accept a WORM cartridge when running diagnostic tests in Maintenance Mode.
v Drive will not write over existing datasets on a WORM cartridge. Ensure you are appending
datasets on WORM media rather than attempting to write over existing datasets.
If the tape cartridge is the correct media type, perform the following action:

5-4

LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

Table 5-3. Error codes on the Single-character Display (continued)
Error Code

Cause and Action
For Problems with Writing Data:
If the problem occurred while the tape drive was writing data to the tape, retry the operation with
a different cartridge:
v If the operation succeeds, the original cartridge was defective. Copy data from the defective
cartridge and discard it.
v If the operation fails and another tape drive is available, insert the cartridge into the other unit
and retry the operation.
– If the operation fails, discard the defective cartridge.
– If the operation succeeds, insert a scratch data cartridge into the first unit and run “Function
Code 1: Run Drive Diagnostics” on page 3-9.
- If the diagnostics fail, replace the tape drive.
- If the diagnostics succeed, the error was temporary.
v If the operation fails and another tape drive is not available, insert a scratch data cartridge into
the unit and run “Function Code 1: Run Drive Diagnostics” on page 3-9.
– If the diagnostics fail, replace the tape drive.
– If the diagnostics succeed, discard the cartridge.
If the problem occurs with multiple tape cartridges, run “Function Code 1: Run Drive
Diagnostics” on page 3-9:
v If the diagnostics fail, replace the tape drive.
v If the diagnostics succeed, run“Function Code H: Test Head” on page 3-18.
– If the diagnostic fails, replace the tape drive.
– If the diagnostic succeeds, replace the cartridges that caused the problem.
The error code clears when you remove the tape cartridge or place the tape drive in maintenance
mode.
For Problems with Reading Data:
If the problem occurred while the tape drive was reading data from the tape, perform one of the
following procedures:
v If another tape drive is available, insert the cartridge into the other unit and retry the operation:
– If the operation fails, discard the defective cartridge.
– If the operation succeeds, insert a scratch data cartridge into the first unit and run “Function
Code 1: Run Drive Diagnostics” on page 3-9:
- If the diagnostic fails, replace the tape drive.
- If the diagnostic succeeds, the error was temporary.
v If another tape drive is not available, insert a scratch data cartridge into the unit and run
“Function Code 1: Run Drive Diagnostics” on page 3-9:
– If the diagnostic fails, replace the tape drive.
– If the diagnostic succeeds, discard the cartridge.
If the problem occurs with multiple tape cartridges, run “Function Code 1: Run Drive
Diagnostics” on page 3-9:
v If the diagnostic fails, replace the tape drive.
v If the diagnostic succeeds, run “Function Code H: Test Head” on page 3-18.
– If the diagnostic fails, replace the tape drive.
– If the diagnostic succeeds, replace the cartridges that caused the problem.
The error code clears when you remove the tape cartridge or place the tape drive in maintenance
mode.

Chapter 5. Resolving problems

5-5

Table 5-3. Error codes on the Single-character Display (continued)
Error Code

Cause and Action

Media error. The tape drive determined an error occurred because of a faulty tape cartridge or an
invalid tape cartridge. Ensure the tape cartridge is the correct media type:
v Ultrium -1 tape cartridges are not supported in Ultrium-4 tape drives.
v Drive will not accept an expired Cleaning Cartridge.
v Drive will not accept a WORM cartridge when running diagnostic tests in Maintenance Mode.
v Drive will not accept an FMR tape unless the drive is performing “Function Code 8: Unmake
FMR Tape” on page 3-15.
v Drive will not write over existing datasets on a WORM cartridge. Ensure you are appending
datasets on WORM media rather than attempting to write over existing datasets.
If the tape cartridge is the correct media type, try another tape cartridge. If the problem occurs
with multiple tape cartridges, use the following procedure:
1. If possible, run the tape cartridge in a different tape drive. If the operation in the other unit
fails and 6 or 7 displays, replace the media. If the operation succeeds, run “Function
Code E: Test Cartridge & Media” on page 3-16.
Attention: When you run the Test Cartridge & Media diagnostic, data on the suspect tape is
overwritten. Use only a scratch data cartridge to run the test.
v If the diagnostic fails, replace the media.
v If the diagnostic succeeds, clean the drive head (see “Cleaning the Drive Head” on page 3-6)
and run “Function Code 1: Run Drive Diagnostics” on page 3-9.
– If the drive diagnostic fails, replace the drive.
– If the drive diagnostic succeeds, perform the operation that produced the initial media
error.
The error code clears when you remove the tape cartridge or place the tape drive in maintenance
mode.

Interface problem. The tape drive determined that a failure occurred in the tape drive’s hardware
or in the host bus. See Chapter 5, “Troubleshooting,” on page 5-1. If
running ″Function Code 6: Host Interface Test″:

8 was displayed while

1. Verify the correct interface wrap tool was attached during the test. The test will fail if the
correct interface wrap tool is not atttached.
2. If the correct interface wrap tool was attached during the test, replace the drive. The error
code clears when you place the tape drive in maintenance mode.

5-6

Tape drive or RS-422 error. The tape drive determined that a failure occurred in the tape drive’s
hardware or in the RS-422 connection. See “Function Code 7: Run RS-422 Wrap Test” on page 3-14
or refer to the Library procedures to isolate the problem to the drive. The error code clears when
you place the tape drive in maintenance mode.

LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

Table 5-3. Error codes on the Single-character Display (continued)
Error Code

Cause and Action

Degraded operation. The tape drive determined that a problem occurred which degraded the
operation of the tape drive, but it did not restrict continued use. If the problem persists, determine
whether the problem is with the drive or the media.
Note: The drive is usable, though the Single-character Display continues to indicate an error and
the Fault status light flashes amber. The error code may clear when you cycle power to the tape
drive or place it in maintenance mode.
To determine if the problem is with the drive hardware, or the tape media, perform the following
procedures:
1. If possible, run the tape cartridge in a different drive. If the operation in the other drive fails
and 6 or 7 displays, replace the media. If the operation succeeds, run the Test Cartridge
& Media diagnostic (see “Function Code E: Test Cartridge & Media” on page 3-16).
2. If the Test Cartridge & Media diagnostic fails, replace the media. If it runs successfully, clean
the failing drive and run the drive diagnostics (see “Cleaning the Drive Head” on page 3-6
and “Function Code 1: Run Drive Diagnostics” on page 3-9).
Record the time it takes for the test to complete. Compare the recorded time with the
″Approximate Run Time″ above. If the test runs successfully but the execution time is
significantly longer than the ″Approximate Run Time″, run “Function Code F: Write
Performance Test” on page 3-17. If the Write Performance Test fails, replace the media. If the
drive diagnostics run successfully, perform the operation that produced the initial drive error.
3. If the problem persists replace the drive.
If it is not possible to run the tape cartridge in a different drive, perform the following
procedures:
1. Clean the failing drive and run the drive diagnostics (see “Cleaning the Drive Head” on page
3-6 and “Function Code 1: Run Drive Diagnostics” on page 3-9).
Record the time it takes for the test to complete. Compare the recorded time with the
″Approximate Run Time″ above. If the test runs successfully but the execution time is
significantly longer than the ″Approximate Run Time″, run “Function Code F: Write
Performance Test” on page 3-17. If the Write Performance Test fails, replace the media. If the
drive diagnostics run successfully, run the Test Cartridge & media diagnostic (see “Function
Code E: Test Cartridge & Media” on page 3-16).
2. If the Test Cartridge & Media diagnostic fails, replace the media. If it runs successfully,
perform the operation that produced the initial drive error.
3. If the problem persists replace the drive.

The tape drive needs to be cleaned. Clean the tape drive. See “Cleaning the Drive Head” on page
3-6.
The error code clears when you clean the tape drive or place it in maintenance mode.

Fiber AL_PA conflict. NOT SUPPORTED ON THIS DRIVE.

Chapter 5. Resolving problems

5-7

Table 5-3. Error codes on the Single-character Display (continued)
Error Code

Cause and Action
Encryption Error. Displayed when the drive detects an error associated with a encryption
operation. If the problem occurred while the tape drive was writing data to, or reading data from,
tape:
1. Check the host application to ensure the host application is providing the correct encryption
key.
v Refer to the IBM Tape Device Drivers Encryption Support documentation and the IBM LTO
Ultrium Tape Drive SCSI Reference documentation for the Sense Data returned for an
encryption operation.
v Retry the encryption operation after the host application problems have been resolved.
2. Check the operation of the tape drive by resetting the drive and running POST. See Table 3-3
on page 3-4.
v Refer to the error code displayed on the SCD if the drive reset and POST fails.
v Retry the encryption operation if the drive reset and POST complete without errors.
3. Check the media.
v

Ensure the correct media is being used. Data encryption is supported with LTO Ultrium 4
Data Cartridges only.

v Retry the encryption operation with the tape cartridge in another encryption enabled drive.
Replace the media if the problem repeats with the same tape cartridge in multiple drives.
If the problem occurred while the tape drive was running POST or diagnostics, replace the drive.
The error code clears with the first attempted write/read after the encryption key is changed, or
when the drive is placed in maintenance mode.

E
F
P

Fiber Port offline. NOT SUPPORTED ON THIS DRIVE.
Fiber Channel Error. NOT SUPPORTED ON THIS DRIVE.
Write operation to a write protected cartridge has been attempted (this includes any attempt to
overwrite a WORM protected tape). Ensure the tape cartridge is the correct media type. Writes to
Ultrium 2 tape cartridges are not supported in LTO 4 Half-High tape drives. If the tape cartridge
is the correct media type, check the write-protect switch on the cartridge. The drive will not write
to a write-protected cartridge. The error code clears when you remove the tape cartridge or place
the tape drive in maintenance mode.

Using sense data
When a drive encounters an error, it makes sense data available. You can use IBM
device drivers to examine the sense data and determine errors. Instructions for
downloading, installing, and properly configuring the IBM device drivers are
available in the IBM Ultrium Device Drivers Installation and User’s Guide. The IBM
device drivers may conflict with some commercial software applications unless
properly configured. To avoid conflicts on Windows operating systems, refer to
your device driver’s procedures for setting the driver to manual startup mode. For
applications that use Open Systems device drivers that are provided by IBM (for
example, AIX, Linux, Sun Solaris, HP-UX, Windows 2003, and Windows 2000), the
IBM Ultrium Device Drivers Installation and User’s Guide contains information about
how to obtain sense data after an error has occurred.
If your application uses other device drivers, see the appropriate documentation
for those drivers to obtain the sense data.

5-8

LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

Raw sense data (as returned from the drive) is documented in the IBM TotalStorage
LTO Ultrium Tape Drive SCSI Reference.
In addition to device drivers, other methods exist for obtaining sense data and
error information. The sections that follow describe alternatives for gathering such
information from the IBM AS/400®, System i, RS/6000®, and System p servers.

Obtaining error information from the AS/400 or System i with
RISC processor
For OS/400, sense data is provided by the System Service Tools application. To
obtain error information from the AS/400 or System i by using the tool:
1. On the command entry line of the AS/400 Main Menu, type STRSST (Start
System Service Tools) and press Enter.
2. Select Start a service tool.
3. Select Product activity log.
4. Select Analyze log.
5. On the Select System Data menu, select the Magnetic media option then specify
the time period for searching the error log.
6. On the Select Analysis Report Options menu, specify a Device selection of 3580
and press Enter. Leave all other options at their default values.
7. On the Log Analysis Report menu, select the Display report option to display
the desired error log. Figure 5-1 shows a sample error log.
Display Detail Report for Resource
Name
TAP07
Log ID .
Date . .
Reference
Table ID

Type
3580
. . .
. . .
code
. . .

.
.
.
.

Model
002
.
.
.
.

:
:
:
:

00452B54
08/14/02
9210
63A00001

Serial
Number
00-00000
Sequence . . . .
Time . . . . . .
Secondary code .
IPL source/state

Resource
Name
TAP07
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.

:
:
:
:

4732468
09:50:21
00000000
B/3

Class . . . . . . . . . . : Permanent
System Ref Code . . . . . : 63A09210
Illegal or unsupported tape unit response
Press Enter to continue.
F3=Exit
F4=Additional Information F6=Hexadecimal report
F9=Address Information F10=Previous detail report F12=Cancel

Figure 5-1. Example of an error log from the AS/400 or IBM System i servers

8. Press F4 to view the sense data (see the example in Figure 5-2 on page 5-10).

Chapter 5. Resolving problems

5-9

Display Additional Information for Resource
Name
TAP07

Type
3580

Serial
Number
00-00000

Model
002

SENSE DATA FOLLOWS. . . . . :
DATA OFFSET
0 1 2 3
00000000
70000500
00000010
00020000
00000020
058B0000

4 5 6 7
0000001C
00000000

Resource
Name
TAP07
8 9 A B
00000000
00000000

C D E F
240000C0
00000000

Figure 5-2. Example of sense data from the AS/400 or IBM System i servers

Obtaining error information from the RS/6000 or System p™
The AIX® Tape and Media Changer Device Driver for the IBM RS/6000 or
IBMSystem p servers provides logging to the system error log for a variety of
errors. You can view the error log by issuing the AIX errpt command. Figure 5-3
on page 5-11 displays a sample drive error log; Figure 5-4 on page 5-12 displays a
sample SCSI bus error log.
To
1.
2.
3.

view the error log:
At the AIX command line, type errpt -a |pg to display a detailed report.
Press Enter to scroll through the error log.
Type q to quit the error log at any time.

Example of a Drive Error Log:
In the SENSE DATA area of Figure 5-3 on page 5-11, entries in bold are defined as
follows:
Hexadecimal code

Description

SCSI command

0000, 0200, 0000

Command parameters

Byte 0 of SCSI sense data

Sense key

5200

ASC/ASCQ (Additional Sense Code/Additional Sense Code Qualifier)

20B0

FSC (Fault Symptom Code)

058A

Relative LPOS

SCSI ID

5-10

LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

LABEL:
IDENTIFIER:

TAPE_ERR1
4865FA9B

Date/Time:
Wed Oct 11 11:39:43
Sequence Number: 25264
Machine ID:
000D090D4C00
Node ID:
tsm
Class:
H
Type:
PERM
Resource Name: rmt2
Resource Class: tape
Resource Type: LTO
Location:
40-60-00-2,0
VPD:
Manufacturer................IBM
Machine Type and Model......ULT3580-TD2
Serial Number...............1300015078
Device Specific.(FW)........0B70 (Firmware Level)
Description
TAPE OPERATION ERROR
Probable Causes
TAPE
User Causes
MEDIA DEFECTIVE
DIRTY READ/WRITE HEAD
Recommended Actions
FOR REMOVABLE MEDIA, CHANGE MEDIA AND RETRY
PERFORM PROBLEM DETERMINATION PROCEDURES
Detail Data
SENSE DATA
0602 0000 0100
5200 0700 20B0
0000 0000 0000
0000 0000 0000
0000 0000 0000

0000
0000
0000
0000
0000

0200
0000
0000
0000
0000

0000
0000
0000
0000
0000

7000
058A
0000
0000
0000

0300
0200
0000
0000
0000

0000
0000
0000
0000
0000

001C
0000
0000
0000
0000

0000
0000
0000
0000

Figure 5-3. Example of an AIX ERRPT Drive Error Log

Example of a SCSI bus error:

Chapter 5. Resolving problems

5-11

LABEL:
IDENTIFIER:

SCSI_ERR10
0BA49C99

Date/Time:
Wed Oct 18 09:55:32
Sequence Number: 16140
Machine Id:
00003ABF4C00
Node Id:
ofgtsm
Class:
H
Type:
TEMP
Resource Name:
scsi3
Resource Class: adapter
Resource Type:
sym896
Location:
40-59
VPD:
Product Specific.( ).......DUAL CHANNEL PCI TO ULTRA2 SCSI
ADAPTER
Part Number.................03N3606
EC Level....................F71335
Manufacture ID..............A16592
Serial Number...............0749
Description
SCSI BUS ERROR
Probable Causes
CABLE
CABLE TERMINATOR
DEVICE
ADAPTER
Failure Causes
CABLE LOOSE OR DEFECTIVE
DEVICE
ADAPTER
Recommended Actions
PERFORM PROBLEM DETERMINATION PROCEDURES
CHECK CABLE AND ITS CONNECTIONS
Detail Data
SENSE DATA
0001 0017 0000
0000 0000 0000
0000 0015 000B
00FF 0000 111F

0000
4304
0210
F000

0000
0000
0678
F3DF

0091 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000
0000 0000 0000 2000 0003 0203 6760 9808 0000 F7FB E1B8
C800 0000 8200 8277 1B20 00A2 ED00 0000 0002 FFFF FFFF
F110

Figure 5-4. Example of an error that suggests a SCSI bus problem

Obtaining a drive dump
You can obtain a drive dump by selecting a function code on the drive or by using
a device driver utility (or a system tool) on the server. The sections that follow
describe each method.

Using ITDT
For information on obtaining a drive dump using the ITDT tool, refer to “ITDT
Firmware Update, Dump Retrieval and Library/Drive Test Tool” on page 3-23.

Using the drive
To obtain a drive dump directly from the drive, see “Function Code 5: Copy Drive
Dump” on page 3-12

5-12

LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

Using a device driver utility
To obtain a drive dump by using a device driver utility, determine whether your
server is installed with a utility that can read files from the server’s memory. If it
is, use that utility to obtain the drive dump.
For information about using IBM’s utility programs to obtain drive dumps, see the
IBM Ultrium Device Drivers Installation and User’s Guide.
To determine where to send a file that contains a drive dump to be analyzed,
contact your OEM Product Application Engineer (PAE).

Viewing the Drive Error Log
The drive keeps an error log that you can use to identify and correct errors. The
log contains the 10 most recent error codes, which appear (one at a time) on the
Single-character Display (SCD).
To view the drive error log, refer to “Function Code 9: Display Error Code Log” on
page 3-15

Resolving problems reported by the server
The procedure for fixing interface bus errors varies, depending on whether the
error is consistent or intermittent, and on your configuration. The sections that
follow describe how to fix an error.

Fixing SAS Bus Errors
1. Check that the tape drive power is on.
2. Verify the SAS cable is connected properly to the server and to the tape drive.
3. Replace SAS cable if it shows any signs of damage.

Resolving media-related problems
To resolve problems that are related to media, the drive’s firmware includes
Statistical Analysis and Reporting System (SARS) to assist in isolating failures
between media and hardware. To determine the cause of failure, SARS uses the
cartridge performance history that is saved in the cartridge memory (CM) and the
drive performance history that is kept in the drive’s VPD (Vital Product Data) area
in NVRAM. Any failures that SARS detects are reported as TapeAlert flags on the
server (see the IBM LTO Ultrium Tape Drive SCSI Reference for more information
on TapeAlert flags).

Attention
If you insert the IBM LTO Ultrium Data Cartridge into another manufacturer’s
drive, the SARS data in the cartridge memory may become lost or invalid.
If you encounter a media-related problem with the drive, run the tape cartridge in
a different drive, if possible.
1. If the operation in the other drive fails, replace the media.
2. If the operation succeeds, see “Function Code 1: Run Drive Diagnostics” on
page 3-9.

Chapter 5. Resolving problems

5-13

5-14

LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

Chapter 6. Ordering Optional Features, Replacement Parts,
and Media
For ordering information, please refer to the following sections:
v “Optional Features”
v “Replacement Parts”
v “Media Supplies”
v “Bar Code Labels” on page 6-2

Optional Features
Table 6-1. Optional Features
Feature Code

Description

5400

SAS/Mini-SAS 4x Interposer

5402

2.0 M SAS/Mini-SAS 1x Cable

5406

5.5 M SAS/Mini-SAS 1x Cable

5500

Mini-SAS/550x 4x Interposer

5502

2.0 M Mini-SAS/Mini-SAS 1x Cable

5506

5.5 M Mini-SAS/Mini-SAS 1x Cable

Replacement Parts
Table 6-2. Replacement Parts
Part Number

Description

95P4587

2 M SAS/Mini-SAS 1x Cable

95P4588

5.5 M SAS/Mini-SAS 1x Cable

95P4488

2 M Mini-SAS/Mini-SAS 1x Cable

95P4494

5.5 M Mini-SAS/Mini-SAS 1x Cable

95P4994

SAS/Mini-SAS 4x Interposer

95P4996

Mini-SAS/Mini-SAS 4x Interposer

Media Supplies
To find the closest IBM-authorized distributor, visit the web at
http://www.ibm.com/storage/media or call 1-888-IBM-MEDIA.

6-1

Table 6-3. Media supplies

Item Type

Data Cartridges
(with labels)

Description

Ultrium 4

Quantity

Order by Machine Type /
Model from IBM Sales
Representative or authorized
IBM Business Partner

Order by Part Number (P/N)
from an IBM Authorized
Distributor

20-PK

Machine Type 3589
Model 010

95P4443 (color)
95P4445 (black and white)

Machine Type 3589
Model 008

96P1470 (color)
96P1471 (black and white)

Machine Type 3589
Model 006

20-PK

Machine Type 3589
Model 011

95P4447

Machine Type 3589
Model 009

24R1922

Machine Type 3589
Model 007

Ultrium 1

20-PK

Machine Type 3589
Model 003

08L9120

Ultrium 4

20-PK

Machine Type 3589
Model 032

95P4457 (color)
95P4459 (black and white)

(Specify the VOLSER Ultrium 3
characters that you
want.)

20-PK

Machine Type 3589
Model 028

(Specify the VOLSER Ultrium 3
characters that you
want.)
Ultrium 2
Data Cartridges
(without labels)

Ultrium 4

Order VOLSER labels Ultrium 3
separately (see “Bar
Code Labels”).
Ultrium 2

WORM Cartridges
(with labels)

WORM Cartridges
(without labels)

WORM cartridges labeled with
starting volume serial
information and, optionally,
packed in individual jewel
cases.

Utrium 4

20-PK

Machine Type 3589
Model 033

Order VOLSER labels Ultrium 3
separately (see “Bar
Code Labels”).

20-PK

Machine Type 3589
Model 029
Feature Code 2920

95P4461

WORM cartridges packed in
individual jewel cases with
unattached blank labels.
Cleaning Cartridge
(with label)
Repair Tools

Universal
Cleaning
Cartridge

5-PK

Machine Type 3589
Model 004
Feature Code 4005

35L2086

Leader Pin
Reattachment
Kit

not available in this sales
channel

08L9129

Manual
Rewind Tool

not available in this sales
channel

08L9130

Bar Code Labels
The LTO Ultrium 4 Tape Drives do not require cartridge bar code labels. However,
if you use your data cartridges or cleaning cartridges in an IBM tape library

6-2

LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

product, you may need cartridge bar code labels if your tape library product
requires them. You can order these labels separately from the IBM Data Cartridges
and Cleaning Cartridges.
You can order bar code labels directly from the authorized label suppliers listed in
the table below.
Table 6-4. Authorized suppliers of custom bar code labels
In America

In Europe and Asia

Tri-Optic
Broomfield, CO
U. S. A.
Telephone: 888-438-8362
http://www.tri-optic.com

EDP Europe, Ltd.
U. K.
Telephone: 44 (0) 1245-322380
http://www.edpeurope.com

Dataware
Houston, TX
U. S. A.
Telephone: 800-426-4844
http://www.datawarelabels.com/

Dataware Labels Europe
Germany
Telephone: 49 8062-9455
http://www.datawarelabels.com/

NetC
Fairfield, CT
U. S. A.
Telephone: 203-372-6382
http://www.netcllc.com/

NetC Europe Ltd
U. K.
Telephone: 44 (0) 1823 49 1439
http://www.netclabels.co.uk
NetC Asia Pacific Pty Ltd
Australia
Telephone: 61 (0) 2 4573 6556
http://www.netclabels.com.uk

Chapter 6. Ordering Optional Features, Replacement Parts, and Media

6-3

6-4

LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

Appendix A. TapeAlert flags
TapeAlert is a patented technology and standard of the American National
Standards Institute (ANSI) that defines conditions and problems that are
experienced by tape drives. The technology enables a server to read TapeAlert
flags from a tape drive through the SCSI or Library/Drive Interface (LDI or RS-422
interface). The server reads the flags from Log Sense Page 0x2E. This appendix lists
the TapeAlert flags that are supported by the IBM LTO Ultrium 4-H Tape Drive.
Table A-1. Supported TapeAlert flags
Flag
number

Flag
parameter
(in hex)

03h

Description

Action required

Hard error

Set for any unrecoverable read,
write, or positioning error. (This
flag is set in conjunction with
flags 4, 5, or 6.)

See the Action Required column
for Flag 4, 5, or 6 in this table.

04h

Media

Set for any unrecoverable read,
Replace the tape cartridge.
write, or positioning error that is
due to a faulty tape cartridge.

05h

Read failure

Set for any unrecoverable read
If Flag 4 is also set, the cartridge
error where isolation is uncertain is defective. Replace the tape
and failure could be due to a
cartridge.
faulty tape cartridge or to faulty
drive hardware.

06h

Write failure

Set for any unrecoverable write
or positioning error where
isolation is uncertain and failure
could be due to a faulty tape
cartridge or to faulty drive
hardware.

If Flag 9 is also set, make sure
that the write-protect switch is
set so that data can be written to
the tape (see “Write-Protect
Switch” on page 4-2). If Flag 4 is
also set, the cartridge is
defective. Replace the tape
cartridge.

08h

Not data grade

Set when severe servo errors
occur while loading a tape
cartridge.

Replace the tape cartridge.

09h

Write protect

Set when the drive detects that
the tape cartridge is
write-protected.

Make sure that the cartridge’s
write-protect switch is set so that
the drive can write data to the
tape (see “Write-Protect Switch”
on page 4-2).

0Ah

No removal

Set when the drive receives an
UNLOAD command after the
server prevented the tape
cartridge from being removed.

Refer to the documentation for
your server’s operating system.

0Bh

Cleaning media

Set when you load a cleaning
cartridge into the drive.

No action required.

0Ch

Unsupported format

Set when you load an
unsupported cartridge type into
the drive or when the cartridge
format has been corrupted.

Use a supported tape cartridge.

Flag

A-1

Table A-1. Supported TapeAlert flags (continued)
Flag
number

Flag
parameter
(in hex)

0Fh

Cartridge memory
chip failure

Set when a cartridge memory
(CM) failure is detected on the
loaded tape cartridge.

Replace the cartridge.

10h

Forced eject

Set when you manually unload
the tape cartridge while the
drive was reading or writing.

No action required.

12h

Tape directory
corrupted in the
cartridge memory

Set when the drive detects that
the tape directory in the
cartridge memory has been
corrupted.

Re-read all data from the tape to
rebuild the tape directory.

14h

Clean now

Set when the drive detects that it Clean the drive. See “Cleaning
needs cleaning.
the Drive Head” on page 3-6.

15h

Clean periodic

Set when the drive detects that it Clean the tape drive as soon as
needs routine cleaning.
possible. The drive can continue
to operate, but you should clean
the drive soon. See “Cleaning
the Drive Head” on page 3-6.

16h

Expired clean

Set when the drive detects a
cleaning cartridge that has
expired.

Replace the cleaning cartridge.

17h

Invalid cleaning tape

Set when the drive expects a
cleaning cartridge and the
loaded cartridge is not a
cleaning cartridge.

Use a valid cleaning cartridge.

1Eh

Hardware A

Set when a hardware failure
occurs which requires that you
reset the drive to recover.

If resetting the drive does not
recover the error, use SCSI drive
sense data. See “Using sense
data” on page 5-8.

1Fh

Hardware B

Set when the drive fails its
internal self tests.

Use the SCSI drive sense data.
See “Using sense data” on page
5-8.

20h

Interface

Set when the drive detects a
problem with the SCSI or LDI
(RS-422) interface.

Use the SCSI drive sense data.
See “Using sense data” on page
5-8..

21h

Eject media

Set when a failure occurs that
requires you to unload the
cartridge from the drive.

Unload and reload the tape
cartridge.

22h

Download fail

Set when an FMR image is
unsuccessfully downloaded to
the drive via the SCSI interface.

Ensure that it is the correct
image. Download the FMR
image again.

24h

Drive temperature

Set when the drive’s temperature Use the SCSI drive sense data.
sensor indicates that the drive’s See “Using sense data” on page
temperature is exceeding the
5-8.
recommended temperature of
the enclosure (see “Physical
specifications” on page 1-6).

A-2

Flag

LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

Description

Action required

Table A-1. Supported TapeAlert flags (continued)
Flag
number

Flag
parameter
(in hex)

25h

Drive voltage

Set when the drive detects that
Use the SCSI drive sense data.
the externally supplied voltages See “Using sense data” on page
are either approaching the
5-8.
specified voltage limits or are
outside the voltage limits (see
“Physical specifications” on page
1-6).

27h

Diagnostics required

Set when the drive detects a
failure that requires diagnostics
to isolate the problem.

33h

Tape directory invalid Set when the tape directory on
at unload
the tape cartridge that was
previously unloaded is
corrupted. The file-search
performance is degraded.

Rebuild the tape directory by
reading all the data

34h

Tape system area
write failure

Copy the data to another tape
cartridge, then discard the old
cartridge.

35h

Tape system area read Set when the tape system area
Copy the data to another tape
failure
could not be read successfully at cartridge, then discard the old
load time.
cartridge.

37h

Loading failure

38h

Unrecoverable unload The drive is unable to unload
failure
the media.

Flag

Description

Set when the tape cartridge that
was previously unloaded could
not write its system area
successfully.

The drive is unable to load the
media and thread the tape.

Action required

Use the SCSI drive sense data.
See “Using sense data” on page
5-8.

Remove the cartridge, inspect it
as specified in the product
manual, and retry the operation.
If the problem persists, IBM
Support.
Do not attempt to extract the
tape cartridge. Contact IBM
Support.

Appendix A. TapeAlert flags

A-3

A-4

LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

Appendix B. Repairing a Cartridge
Attention: Use a repaired tape cartridge only to recover data and move it to
another cartridge. Continued use of a repaired cartridge may void the warranties
of the drive and the cartridge.
If the leader pin in your cartridge becomes dislodged from its pin-retaining spring
clips or detaches from the tape, you must use the IBM Leader Pin Reattachment
Kit (part number 08L9129) to reposition or reattach it. (Do not reattach the pin if
you must remove more than seven meters (23 feet) of leader tape.) The sections
that follow describe each procedure.
Attention: Use a repaired tape cartridge only to recover data and move it to
another cartridge. Continued use of a repaired cartridge may void the warranties
of the drive and the cartridge.

Examples of Cartridge Problems
Example: Split Cartridge Case (see ../commonfiles/
ltomedia_handling.dita#ltomedia_handling.dita/megap)
The cartridge’s case is damaged. There is a high possibility of media damage and
potential loss. Perform the following steps:
1. Look for cartridge mishandling.
2. Use the IBM Leader Pin Reattachment Kit (part number 08L9129) to correctly
seat the pin.
3. Use data recovery procedures to minimize chances of data loss.
4. Review media-handling procedures.
Example: Improper Placement of Leader Pin (see Figure B-1 on page B-2)
The leader pin is misaligned. Perform the following steps:
1. Look for cartridge damage.
2. Use the IBM Leader Pin Reattachment Kit (part number 08L9129) to correctly
seat the pin.
3. Use data recovery procedures to minimize chances of data loss.

Repositioning a Leader Pin
To place the leader pin in its proper position, you will need the following tools:
v Plastic or blunt-end tweezers
v Cartridge manual rewind tool (from Leader Pin Reattachment Kit, part number
08L9129)
A leader pin that is improperly seated inside a cartridge can interfere with the
operation of the drive. Figure B-1 on page B-2 shows a leader pin in the incorrect
1 and correct 2 positions.

B-1

Figure B-1. Leader pin in the incorrect and correct positions. The cartridge door is open and the leader pin is visible
inside the cartridge.
To reposition the leader pin, refer to Figure B-2 and perform the steps below.
1. Slide open the cartridge door (1) and locate the leader pin (2)
Note: If necessary, shake the cartridge gently to roll the pin toward the door.
2. With plastic or blunt-end tweezers, grasp the leader pin and position it in the
pin-retaining spring clips (3).
3. Press the leader pin gently into the clips until it snaps into place and is firmly seated.
4. Close the cartridge door.
5. Ensure that there are no gaps in the seam of the cartridge

Figure B-2. Placing the dislodged leader pin into the correct position

B-2

LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

To rewind the tape, refer to Figure B-3 and perform the steps below.
1. Insert the cartridge manual rewind tool (1) into the cartridge’s hub (2) and turn it
clockwise until the tape becomes taut.
2. Remove the rewind tool by pulling it away from the cartridge.
3. If you suspect that the cartridge has been mishandled but it appears usable, copy any
data onto a good cartridge immediately for possible data recovery. Discard the
mishandled cartridge.

Figure B-3. Rewinding the tape into the cartridge

Reattaching a Leader Pin
The first meter of tape in a cartridge is leader tape. Once the leader tape has been
removed there is a possibility of tape breakage. After reattaching the leader pin,
transfer data from the defective tape cartridge. Do not reuse the defective tape
cartridge.
The Leader Pin Reattachment Kit contains three parts:
1

A67E0042

Figure B-4. Leader Pin Reattachment Kit

v Leader pin attach tool (1). A plastic brace that holds the cartridge door open.
v Cartridge manual rewind tool (2). A device that fits into the cartridge’s hub
and lets you wind the tape into and out of the cartridge.
Appendix B. Repairing a Cartridge

B-3

v Pin supplies (3). Leader pins and C-clips.
Attention:
v Use only the IBM Leader Pin Reattachment Kit to reattach the leader pin to the
tape. Other methods of reattaching the pin will damage the tape, the drive, or
both.
v Use this procedure on your tape cartridge only when the leader pin detaches
from the magnetic tape and you must copy the cartridge’s data onto another
cartridge. Destroy the damaged cartridge after you copy the data. This
procedure may affect the performance of the leader pin during threading and
unloading operations.
v Touch only the end of the tape. Touching the tape in an area other than the end
can damage the tape’s surface or edges, which may interfere with read or write
reliability.
To reattach a leader pin by using the IBM Leader Pin Reattachment Kit, refer to Figure B-5
and perform the steps below.
1. Attach the leader pin attach tool (1) to the cartridge (2) so that the tool’s hook (3)
latches into the cartridge’s door (4).
2. Pull the tool back to hold the door open, then slide the tool onto the cartridge. Open
the tool’s pivot arm (5).

Figure B-5. Attaching the leader pin attach tool to the cartridge

B-4

LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

To find the end of the tape inside the cartridge, refer to Figure B-6 and perform the steps
below.
1. Attach the cartridge manual rewind tool (1) to the cartridge’s hub (2) by fitting the
tool’s teeth between the teeth of the hub. Turn the tool clockwise until you see the end
of the tape inside the cartridge. Then, slowly turn the rewind tool counterclockwise to
bring the tape edge toward the cartridge door (3).
2. Continue to turn the rewind tool counterclockwise until approximately 13 cm (5 in.) of
tape hangs from the cartridge door. If necessary, grasp the tape and pull gently to
unwind it from the cartridge.
3. Remove the rewind tool by pulling it away from the cartridge. Set the tool and the
cartridge aside.

Figure B-6. Winding the tape out of the cartridge
To remove the C-clip from the leader pin, refer to Figure B-7 and perform the steps below.
1. On the leader pin (1), locate the open side of the C-clip (2). The C-clip is a small
black part that secures the tape (3) to the pin.
2. Remove the C-clip from the leader pin by using your fingers to push the clip away
from the pin. Set the pin aside and discard the clip.

A67E0036

Figure B-7. Removing the C-clip from the leader pin

Appendix B. Repairing a Cartridge

B-5

To attach the leader pin to the tape, refer to Figure B-8 and perform the steps below.
1. Position the tape in the alignment groove of the leader pin attach tool (1).
2. Place a new C-clip into the retention groove (2) on the leader pin attachment tool
and make sure that the clip’s open side faces up.
3. Place the leader pin that was removed earlier into the cavity (3) of the leader pin
attach tool.
Attention: To prevent the leader pin from rolling into the cartridge, in the following
step use care when folding the tape over the pin.
4. Fold the tape over the leader pin and hold it with your fingers.
Note: Use care to ensure that the tape is centered over the leader pin. Failure to
properly center the tape on the pin will cause the repaired cartridge to fail. When the
tape is properly centered, a 0.25 mm (0.01 in.) gap exists on both sides of the pin.
5. Close the pivot arm (4) of the leader pin attach tool by swinging it over the leader
pin so that the C-clip snaps onto the pin and the tape.
6. Swing the pivot arm open and trim the excess tape (5) so that it is flush with the
reattached leader pin (6).
7. Use your fingers to remove the leader pin from the cavity (3) in the leader pin
attach tool.
8. Use the cartridge manual rewind tool to wind the tape back into the cartridge (wind
the tape clockwise). Ensure that the leader pin is latched by the pin-retaining spring
clips on each end of the leader pin.
9. Remove the rewind tool.
10. Remove the leader pin attach tool by lifting its end up and away from the cartridge.

4
3

A67E0037

Figure B-8. Attaching the leader pin to the tape

B-6

LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

Appendix C. Information for Trained Service Personnel
Attention
It is strongly recommended that the drive and stuck tape be returned to IBM
for removal and recovery.
v These procedures must be performed only by a trained IBM service provider.
SSRs should claim their time against service code 33 ECA 013 when
performing this procedure.
v Inform the customer the following procedure has high risk of damaging the
drive and high risk of not being able to recover the data.
v

Removing/Reinstalling/Replacing a drive
Information on removing a Half-high drive from an enclosure and
removing/reinstalling/replacing a drive is contained in this chapter. For
information on diagnostic and maintenance functions of the drive, see “Diagnostic
and Maintenance Functions” on page 3-7.

Removing/reinstalling a SAS Drive from/in an enclosure
To remove a SAS drive from an enclosure, perform the following steps:
1. Ensure that the drive does not contain a tape cartridge.
2. Deconfigure the drive from the server (for instructions, see your server’s
documentation).
3. Turn off the power to the enclosure.
4. Disconnect the power cable from the enclosure and the electrical outlet.
5. Remove the cover of the enclosure.
6. Disconnect the internal SAS cable (see 2 in Figure C-1).

a80hh024

Figure C-1. Rear panel of the SAS Half-high drive

7. If connected, disconnect the internal LDI (RS-422) cable from the LDI (RS-422)
connector (see 3 in Figure C-1).
8. Remove the mounting screws from the side brackets of the chassis (see 2 in
Figure 2-2 on page 2-4).
9. Remove the drive from the enclosure.
10. To reinstall a drive, reverse the steps in this procedure.

C-1

Manually Removing a Tape Cartridge
The purpose of this section is to assist you in determining the condition of the
cartridge or the magnetic tape and to direct you to the procedure you must follow
to remove the cartridge.

Attention
v The best solution for recovering data on a damaged cartridge is to send it to
IBM for professional data recovery.
v Before using this procedure, you must have exhausted all other means of
removing the tape cartridge from the drive. Use this procedure only if you
cannot remove the tape cartridge by using any other means.
v Determine from the customer if the cartridge contains critical customer data. If
the cartridge contains sensitive data that cannot leave the site, inform the
customer that certain failure conditions diagnostics will be performed to test the
drive for continued use.
v The following removal procedures can destroy customer data! Use extreme care
when handling or removing the customer’s tape cartridges to minimize tape
damage and lost data.
v DO NOT TOUCH the magnetic tape or tape path. Both are extremely sensitive
to the oil and salt from your skin. Use clean, lint-free gloves when working
around magnetic tape or the tape path components.
v Electrostatic-sensitive components: Consider using an ESD Kit.
v After you remove the tape cartridge, advise the customer to copy the data to
another cartridge and to remove this tape cartridge from service.
v Do not use power tools or magnetic tools to perform this procedure.
v To avoid contamination and electrostatic-discharge damage to the drive, never
touch the head or electronic components inside the drive.
v If you cannot remove the cartridge from the drive using the following
procedures, contact your next level of support.
v The cartridge will not eject automatically at the end of a mid-tape recovery.
Instead, the tape will be reloaded into the drive and may result in the loss of
data.
v INTERNAL COMPONENTS OF THE DRIVE ARE DELICATE AND CAN
EASILY BE DAMAGED. EXERCISE EXTREME CAUTION WHEN
MANUALLY REMOVING A CARTRIDGE THAT WILL NOT EJECT AFTER
PRESSING THE UNLOAD BUTTON.

Before You Begin
1. If you have not already done so, attempt to remove the cartridge with the
device power ON and using library manager, a host application, or the unload
button. When using the Unload button, press and hold the button for 12
seconds. This will cause the drive to eject the cartridge when it has completed
the mid-tape recovery.
2. If you have not already done so, ensure the operator has issued the appropriate
application commands to perform a rewind and unload of the cartridge. This is
to ensure that the stuck cartridge is not due to a hang condition in the
application.
3. If you have not already done so, attempt to remove the cartridge by power
cycling the drive. Look for the drive to attempt a midtape recovery.

C-2

LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

Note: It can take as long as five minutes for the cartridge to rewind and
unload.
4. If the cartridge unloads, inform the operator that the cartridge is unloaded. If
the cartridge does not unload, repeat steps 2 and 3 once before continuing with
this procedure.

Recommended Tools
v
v
v
v

#1 Phillips screwdriver
ESD Kit
Flashlight (optional)
#1 Flathead screwdriver (optional)

Beginning Procedure
1.
2.
3.
4.

Refer to the enclosure documentation for instructions on removing the drive.
Place the drive on a non-slip, sturdy work surface.
Ground yourself to the drive by using the ESD Kit.
Remove the cover of the drive by performing the following steps:
a. To remove the drive bezel, pull the right side of the bezel from the front of
the drive, then pull the left side of the bezel out of the frame of the drive.
b. Remove the cover of the internal drive by performing the following steps:
1) Remove the four cover-mounting screws (1 in Figure C-2). Two screws
are located on each side of the drive.
2) Remove the cover by lifting it up.

a80hh022

Figure C-2. Removing the bezel and the cover from the internal drive

5. Inspect the drive to decide which of the following conditions most closely
matches the symptom on the drive:
v Tape spooled off the supply reel - All the tape appears to be on the takeup
reel and no tape is on the supply reel (inside the cartridge). Test the drive
after the procedure is completed.
v Tape pulled from leader pin (or broken at the front end) - All the tape
appears to be on the supply reel (inside the cartridge) and very little or no
tape appears to be on the takeup reel. The leader block is positioned in the
takeup reel. Return the drive after the procedure is completed.
Appendix C. Information for Trained Service Personnel

C-3

v Tape broken in mid-tape - Tape appears to be on both the supply reel
(inside the cartridge) and takeup reel. Test the drive after the procedure is
completed.
v Tape tangled along tape path - Tape appears to be tangled and damaged but
intact. Return the drive after the procedure is completed.
-- OR -No damage to tape (or no apparent failure) - There appears to be no
damage or slack to the tape. Return the drive after the procedure is
completed.

Tape Spooled off Supply Reel
Attention: DO NOT TOUCH THE OUTER GUIDE RAIL (2 in Figure C-3).
THIS RAIL IS VERY DELICATE AND EASILY DAMAGED.
1. From the takeup reel, pull an arm’s length of tape around the rear of the tape
path and over the head and rollers on the left side of the drive.
2. Set the drive on its left side with the head and tape path facing up.
3. Make sure the tape is not twisted. Untwist tape if required.
4. Moisten a cotton swab with water and wet approximately 13 mm (0.5 in.) of
the tape end and feed it onto the supply reel (inside the cartridge).
5. Turn the supply reel (4 in Figure C-3) clockwise, allowing the moistened
tape to adhere to the hub as it winds around the supply reel (inside the
cartridge).

a82hd002

4
Figure C-3. Rewinding tape into cartridge
1

C-4

Loader motor worm gear

LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

Takeup reel motor

Outer guide rail
WARNING: DO NOT
TOUCH

Supply reel motor

6. Continue spooling into the cartridge until the tape is taut and remains within
the flanges of the tape guiding rollers. Turn the supply reel (4 in Figure C-3
on page C-4) 10 additional turns. Ensure that you do not stretch the tape.
7. Reassemble the drive, reversing the steps in “Beginning Procedure” on page
C-3.
8. Reassemble the drive chassis, reversing the steps in “Removing/Reinstalling/
Replacing a drive” on page C-1.
9. Reinstall the drive canister into the cradle assembly. Ensure that the connector
on the drive is seated properly into the connector on the cradle.
10. Allow the drive to perform mid-tape recovery. This takes several minutes.
When this activity completes, push the Unload button to eject the cartridge.
11. Test the drive (see “Function Code 1: Run Drive Diagnostics” on page 3-9) to
determine if it should be replaced.

Tape Pulled from or Broken near Leader Pin

a82hd003

2
Figure C-4. Drive with cover removed to reveal gear train.

Threader
intermediate
gear

Threader
mechanism
gear

Loader motor
worm gear

1. Pull out tape from the takeup reel.
Note: If there is more than approximately 0.6 m (2 ft.) of tape on the takeup
reel, go to “Tape Broken in Mid-tape” on page C-6.
2. If there is less than approximately 0.6 m (2 ft.) of tape on the takeup reel, cut
off the excess tape as close to the leader pin, as possible.
Appendix C. Information for Trained Service Personnel

C-5

3. Reattach the leader pin to the remaining tape. For instructions, see
Appendix B, “Repairing a Cartridge,” on page B-1.
4. Locate the threader intermediate gear (1 in Figure C-4 on page C-5) near the
rear of the drive. You can use your finger to rotate the threader intermediate
gear (1 in Figure C-4 on page C-5) and slowly rotate the threader
mechanism gear (2 in Figure C-4 on page C-5) clockwise.
This draws the tape leader block assembly (LBA) into the cartridge.
5. As the leader pin is secured in the cartridge, you should hear the leader pin
retention spring clips click into place. If you do not hear the click, continue
rolling until the threader intermediate gear (1 in Figure C-4 on page C-5)
stops. The LBA is in the correct position.

a82hd004

Note: Be sure to keep tension on the tape as the LBA is drawn into the
cartridge.
6. Rotate the loader motor worm gear (3 in Figure C-4 on page C-5) clockwise
as viewed from the front of the drive until it stops. This releases the LBA
leader pin.
7. Rotate the threader intermediate gear (1 in Figure C-4 on page C-5)
counterclockwise until the leader block is in front of the Read/Write head.
This moves the LBA out of the cartridge.

Figure C-5. Leader Block Assembly (LBA)
1

Loader motor worm gear

Leader block assembly (LBA)

8. Rotate the loader motor worm gear (3 in Figure C-4 on page C-5)
counterclockwise as viewed from the front of the drive until it stops.
9. Remove the cartridge from the cartridge loader tray.
10. Reassemble the drive by reversing the procedure in Step 4 in “Beginning
Procedure” on page C-3.
11. Reassemble the drive chassis.
12. Refer to the appropriate procedure to install the new drive and return the
failed drive.

Tape Broken in Mid-tape
1. With the front of the drive facing you, pull an arm’s length of tape out of the
takeup reel. From the takeup reel, thread tape around the rear of the tape path
and over the head rollers on the left side of the drive.
Note: If there is less than approximately 5 cm (2 in.) of tape on the takeup
reel, go to “Tape Pulled from or Broken near Leader Pin” on page C-5.
2. From the supply reel inside the cartridge, pull approximately 0.3 m (1 ft.) of
tape.
3. Make sure the tape is not twisted. Untwist tape if required.

C-6

LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

4. Moisten a cotton swab with water, and wet approximately 13 mm (0.5 in.) of
the tape end. Overlap the tape ends, loosely mending them together.
5. Set the drive on its left side with the head and tape path facing up.
6. Turn the supply reel (4 in Figure C-6) clockwise, carefully guiding the
mended portion of the tape to wind around the hub of the supply reel located
inside the cartridge. Continue spooling into the cartridge until the tape is taut.
The tape must remain within the flanges of the tape guiding rollers. Turn the
supply reel (4 in Figure C-6) 10 additional turns. Ensure that you do not
stretch the tape.

a82hd002

4
Figure C-6. Rewinding tape into cartridge
1
2

Loader motor worm gear
Outer guide rail
WARNING: DO NOT
TOUCH

3
4

Takeup reel motor
Supply reel motor

7. Reassemble the drive by reversing the procedure in Step 4 in “Beginning
Procedure” on page C-3.
8. Reassemble the chassis by following the steps in “Removing/Reinstalling/
Replacing a drive” on page C-1.
9. Allow the drive to perform mid-tape recovery. This takes several minutes.
When this activity completes, push the Unload button to eject the cartridge.
10. Test the drive (see “Function Code 1: Run Drive Diagnostics” on page 3-9) to
determine if it should be replaced.

Appendix C. Information for Trained Service Personnel

C-7

Tape Tangled along Tape Path
1. Carefully pull out excess tape and untangle.
Note: If you find the tape to be broken, go to one of the following appropriate
procedures:
v “Tape Spooled off Supply Reel” on page C-4
v “Tape Pulled from or Broken near Leader Pin” on page C-5
--OR-“Tape Broken in Mid-tape” on page C-6
2. Set the drive on its left side with the head and tape path facing up.

a82hd002

4
Figure C-7. Rewinding tape into cartridge
1
2

Loader motor worm gear
Outer guide rail
WARNING: DO NOT
TOUCH

3
4

Takeup reel motor
Supply reel motor

3. Turn the supply reel (4 in Figure C-7) clockwise.
4. Continue spooling into the cartridge until the tape is taut and remains within
the flanges of the tape guiding rollers. turn the supply reel (4 in Figure C-7)
10 turns. Ensure that you do not stretch the tape.
5. Reassemble the chassis by following the steps in “Removing/Reinstalling/
Replacing a drive” on page C-1.
6. Allow the drive to perform mid-tape recovery. This takes several minutes.
When this activity completes, push the Unload button to eject the cartridge.

C-8

LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

7. Test the drive (see “Function Code 1: Run Drive Diagnostics” on page 3-9) to
determine if it should be replaced.

No Apparent Failure or Damage to Tape
1. Set the drive on its left side with the head and tape path facing up.

a82hd002

4
Figure C-8. Rewinding tape into cartridge
1
2

Loader motor worm gear
Outer guide rail
WARNING: DO NOT
TOUCH

3
4

Takeup reel motor
Supply reel motor

2. Begin spooling the tape back into the cartridge by turning the supply reel
motor (4 in Figure C-8) clockwise.
3. Continue spooling into the cartridge until the tape is taut and remains within
the flanges of the tape guiding rollers. Ensure that you do not stretch the tape.
Continue spooling until all tape is removed from the takeup reel (3 in
Figure C-8).
4. Locate the threader intermediate gear (1 in Figure C-9 on page C-10) near
the rear of the drive. You can use your finger to rotate the threader
intermediate gear (1 in Figure C-9 on page C-10) and slowly rotate the
threader mechanism gear (2 in Figure C-9 on page C-10) clockwise.
This draws the tape leader block assembly (LBA) into the cartridge.

Appendix C. Information for Trained Service Personnel

C-9

a82hd003

2
Figure C-9. Drive with cover removed to reveal gear train.

Threader
intermediate
gear

Threader
mechanism
gear

Loader motor
worm gear

5. As the leader pin is secured in the cartridge, you should hear the leader pin
retention spring clips click into place. If you do not hear the click, continue
rolling until the threader intermediate gear (1 in Figure C-9) stops. The LBA
is in the correct position.

a82hd004

Note: Be sure to keep tension on the tape as the LBA is drawn into the
cartridge.
6. Rotate the loader intermediate gear (1 in Figure C-10) clockwise as viewed
from the front of the drive until it stops. This releases the LBA leader pin.
7. Rotate the threader motor worm gear (3 in Figure C-10) counterclockwise
until the leader block is in front of the Read/Write head. This moves the LBA
out of the cartridge.

Figure C-10. Leader Block Assembly (LBA)
1

Loader motor worm gear

Leader block assembly (LBA)

8. Rotate the loader motor worm gear (3 in Figure C-10) counterclockwise as
viewed from the front of the drive until it stops.

C-10

LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

9. Remove the cartridge from the cartridge loader tray.
10. Reassemble the drive by reversing the procedure in Step 4 in “Beginning
Procedure” on page C-3.
11. Reassemble the drive chassis by following the steps in “Removing/
Reinstalling/Replacing a drive” on page C-1.
12. Refer to the appropriate procedure to install the new drive and return the
failed drive.

Appendix C. Information for Trained Service Personnel

C-11

C-12

LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

Notices
This information was developed for products and services offered in the U.S.A.
IBM may not offer the products, services, or features discussed in this document in
other countries (or regions). Consult your local IBM representative for information
on the products and services currently available in your area. Any reference to an
IBM product, program, or service is not intended to state or imply that only that
IBM product, program, or service may be used. Any functionally equivalent
product, program, or service that does not infringe any IBM intellectual property
right may be used instead. However, it is the user’s responsibility to evaluate and
verify the operation of any non-IBM product, program, or service.
IBM may have patents or pending patent applications covering subject matter
described in this document. The furnishing of this document does not give you
any license to these patents. You can send license inquiries, in writing, to:
IBM Director of Licensing
IBM Corporation
North Castle Drive
Armonk, NY 10504-1785
U.S.A.
The following paragraph does not apply to the United Kingdom or any other
country (or region) where such provisions are inconsistent with local law:
INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION PROVIDES THIS
PUBLICATION “AS IS” WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER
EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
WARRANTIES OF NON-INFRINGEMENT, MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS
FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Some states (or regions) do not allow disclaimer
of express or implied warranties in certain transactions, therefore, this statement
may not apply to you.
This information could include technical inaccuracies or typographical errors.
Changes are periodically made to the information herein; these changes will be
incorporated in new editions of the publication. IBM may make improvements
and/or changes in the product(s) and/or the program(s) described in this
publication at any time without notice.
Any references in this information to non-IBM web sites are provided for
convenience only and do not in any manner serve as an endorsement of those web
sites. The materials at those web sites are not part of the materials for this IBM
product and use of those web sites is at your own risk.
IBM may use or distribute any of the information you supply in any way it
believes appropriate without incurring any obligation to you.
Information concerning non-IBM products was obtained from the suppliers of
those products, their published announcements or other publicly available sources.
IBM has not tested those products and cannot confirm the accuracy of
performance, compatibility or any other claims related to non-IBM products.
Questions on the capabilities of non-IBM products should be addressed to the
suppliers of those products.

D-1

Trademarks
The following terms are trademarks of International Business Machines
Corporation in the United States, other countries (or regions), or both:
v AIX
v AS/400
v IBM
v IBMLink
v Linux
v OS/400
v System Storage
The following are U. S. trademarks of Hewlett-Packard Company, International
Business Machines Corporation, and Seagate Technology.
v Linear Tape-Open
v LTO
v Ultrium Tape Drive
Microsoft is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation in the United States,
or other countries (or regions), or both.
Solaris and Sun are registered trademarks of Sun Microsystems Incorporated.
Other company, product, and service names may be trademarks or service marks
of others.

Electronic Emission Notices
Note: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a
Class A digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are
designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when
the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment
generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed
and used in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful
interference to radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a
residential area is likely to cause harmful interference, in which case the user
will be required to correct the interference at his own expense.
IBM is not responsible for any radio or television interference caused by
unauthorized changes or modifications to this equipment. Unauthorized changes
or modifications could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment.
This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the
following two conditions: (1) this device may not cause harmful interference, and
(2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that
may cause undesired operation.

Industry Canada Class A Emission Compliance Statement
This Class A digital apparatus complies with Canadian ICES-003.

D-2

LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

Avis de conformité à la réglementation d’Industrie Canada
Cet appareil numérique de la classe A est conform à la norme NMB-003 du
Canada.

European Union (EU) Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)
Directive
This product is in conformity with the protection requirements of EU Council
Directive 2004/108/EC on the approximation of the laws of the Member States
relating to electromagnetic compatibility. IBM cannot accept responsibility for any
failure to satisfy the protection requirements resulting from a non-recommended
modification of the product, including the fitting of non-IBM option cards.
This product has been tested and found to comply with the limits for Class A
Information Technology Equipment according to European Standard EN 55022. The
limits for Class A equipment were derived for commercial and industrial
environments to provide reasonable protection against interference with licensed
communication equipment.
Warning
This is a Class A product. In a domestic environment this product may cause radio
interference in which case the user may be required to take adequate measures.

IBM EMC Directive Contact Information within the European
Union
IBM Technical Regulations
Pascalstr. 100, Stuttgart, Germany 70569
Tele: 0049 (0)711 785 1176
Fax: 0049 (0)711 785 1283
e-mail: tjahn@de.ibm.com

Germany Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive
Deutschsprachiger EU Hinweis:
Hinweis für Geräte der Klasse A EU-Richtlinie zur Elektromagnetischen
Verträglichkeit Dieses Produkt entspricht den Schutzanforderungen der
EU-Richtlinie 2004/108/EG zur Angleichung der Rechtsvorschriften über die
elektromagnetische Verträglichkeit in den EU-Mitgliedsstaaten und hält die
Grenzwerte der EN 55022 Klasse A ein.
Um dieses sicherzustellen, sind die Geräte wie in den Handbüchern beschrieben zu
installieren und zu betreiben. Des Weiteren dürfen auch nur von der IBM
empfohlene Kabel angeschlossen werden. IBM übernimmt keine Verantwortung für
die Einhaltung der Schutzanforderungen, wenn das Produkt ohne Zustimmung der
IBM verändert bzw. wenn Erweiterungskomponenten von Fremdherstellern ohne
Empfehlung der IBM gesteckt/eingebaut werden.
EN 55022 Klasse A Geräte müssen mit folgendem Warnhinweis versehen werden:
“Warnung: Dieses ist eine Einrichtung der Klasse A. Diese Einrichtung kann im

Notices

D-3

Wohnbereich Funk-Störungen verursachen; in diesem Fall kann vom Betreiber
verlangt werden, angemessene Maßnahmen zu ergreifen und dafür
aufzukommen.“
Deutschland: Einhaltung des Gesetzes über die elektromagnetische
Verträglichkeit von Geräten Dieses Produkt entspricht dem “Gesetz über die
elektromagnetische Verträglichkeit von Geräten (EMVG)“. Dies ist die Umsetzung
der EU-Richtlinie 2004/108/EG in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland.
Zulassungsbescheinigung laut dem Deutschen Gesetz über die
elektromagnetische Verträglichkeit von Geräten (EMVG) (bzw. der EMC EG
Richtlinie 2004/108/EG) für Geräte der Klasse A
Dieses Gerät ist berechtigt, in Übereinstimmung mit dem Deutschen EMVG das
EG-Konformitätszeichen - CE - zu führen.
Verantwortlich für die Konformitätserklärung des EMVG ist die IBM Deutschland
GmbH, 70548 Stuttgart.
Generelle Informationen:
Das Gerät erfüllt die Schutzanforderungen nach EN 55024 und EN 55022 Klasse A.

Japan VCCI Class A ITE Electronic Emission Statement

People’s Republic of China Class A Electronic Emission
Statement

Taiwan Class A Electronic Emission Statement

D-4

LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

IBM Taiwan Contact Information

Korean Class A Electronic Emission Statement

Notices

D-5

D-6

LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

Glossary
This glossary defines the special terms, abbreviations, and acronyms that are used
in this publication. If you do not find the term you are looking for, refer to the
index or to the Dictionary of Computing, 1994.

Numbers
2:1 compression
The relationship between the quantity of data that can be stored with
compression as compared to the quantity of data that can be stored
without compression. In 2:1 compression, twice as much data can be stored
with compression as can be stored without compression.

A
A

Ampere.

Alternating current.

access method
A technique for moving data between main storage and input or output
devices.
adapter card
A circuit board that adds function to a computer.
ADI

Automation Drive Interface.

adj

Adjustment.

AIX

Advanced Interactive Executive. IBM’s implementation of the UNIX®
operating system. The RS/6000 system, among others, uses AIX as it’s
operating system.

alphanumeric
Pertaining to a character set that contains letters, numerals, and usually
other characters, such as punctuation marks.
alter

To change.

ambient temperature
The temperature of air or other media in a designated area, particularly the
area surrounding equipment.
ampere (A)
A unit of measure for electric current that is equivalent to a flow of one
coulomb per second, or to the current produced by one volt applied across
a resistance of one ohm.
ANSI American National Standards Institute.
archive
To collect and store files in a designated place.
ASCII American National Standard Code for Information Interchange. A 7 bit
coded character set (8 bits including parity check) that consists of control
characters and graphic characters.

E-1

assigning a device
The establishing of the relationship of a device to a running task, process,
job, or program.
assignment
The naming of a specific device to perform a function.
asynchronous
Pertaining to two or more processes that do not depend upon the
occurrence of specific events such as common timing signals.
attention (notice)
A word for calling attention to the possibility of danger to a program,
device, or system, or to data. Contrast with caution and danger.
ATTN Attention.

B
backup
To make additional copies of documents or software for safekeeping.
bar code
A code representing characters by sets of parallel bars of varying thickness
and separation which are read optically by transverse scanning.
bar code label
Paper bearing a bar code and having an adhesive backing. The bar code
label must be affixed to a tape cartridge to enable the library to identify
the cartridge and its volume serial number.
bar code reader
A laser device specialized for scanning and reading bar codes and
converting them into either the ASCII or EBCDIC digital character code.
bezel

Decorative and safety cover.

bicolored
Having two colors.
bit

Either of the digits 0 or 1 when used in the binary numbering system.

BM or bill of materials
A list of specific types and amounts of direct materials expected to be used
to produce a given job or quantity of output.
BRMS Backup Recovery and Media Services.
browser
A client program that initiates requests to a Web server and displays the
information that the server returns.
buffer
A routine or storage used to compensate for a difference in rate of flow of
data or time of occurrence of events, when transferring data from one
device to another.

E-2

bus

A facility for transferring data between several devices located between
two end points, only one device being able to transmit at a given moment.

byte

A string consisting of a certain number of bits (usually 8) that are treated
as a unit and represent a character. A fundamental data unit.

LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

C
capacity
The amount of data that can be contained on storage media and expressed
in bytes of data.
cartridge manual rewind tool
A device that can be fitted into the reel of a cartridge and used to rewind
tape into or out of the cartridge.
CM

Cartridge Memory.

cartridge storage slot
Individual slot located within a magazine that is used to house tape
cartridges.
caution (notice)
A word to call attention to possible personal harm to people. Contrast with
attention and danger.
CE

Customer engineer; field engineer; service representative.

centimeter (cm)
One one-hundredth of a meter (0.01 m). Approximately 0.39 inch.
channel command
An instruction that directs a data channel, control unit, or device to
perform an operation or set of operations.
char

Character.

CHK

Check.

cleaning cartridge
A tape cartridge that is used to clean the heads of a tape drive. Contrast
with data cartridge.
command
A control signal that initiates an action or the start of a sequence of actions.
compact disc (CD)
A disc, usually 4.75 inches in diameter, from which data is read optically
by means of a laser.
compression
The process of eliminating gaps, empty fields, redundancies, and
unnecessary data to shorten the length of records or blocks.
concurrent
Refers to diagnostic procedures that can be run on one control unit while
the rest of the subsystem remains available for customer applications.
contingent connection
A connection between a channel path and a drive caused when a unit
check occurs during an I/O operation.
controller
A device that provides the interface between a system and one or more
tape drives.
CP

Circuit protector.

CRU

Customer Replaceable Unit.

CSA

Canadian Standards Association.

Glossary

E-3

ctrl

Control.

Control unit.

D
danger (notice)
A word to call attention to possible lethal harm to people. Contrast with
attention and caution.
data

Any representations such as characters or analog quantities to which
meaning is or might be assigned.

data buffer
The storage buffer in the control unit. This buffer is used to increase the
data transfer rate between the control unit and the channel.
data cartridge
A tape cartridge dedicated to storing data. Contrast with cleaning cartridge.
data check
A synchronous or asynchronous indication of a condition caused by invalid
data or incorrect positioning of data.
dc

Direct current.

degauss
To make a magnetic tape nonmagnetic by means of electrical coils carrying
currents that neutralize the magnetism of the tape.
degausser
A device that makes magnetic tape nonmagnetic.
degradation
A decrease in quality of output or throughput or an increase in machine
error rate.
degraded
Decreased in quality of output or throughput or increased machine error
rate.
deserialize
To change from serial-by-bit to parallel-by-byte.
detented
A part being held in position with a catch or lever.
device Any hardware component or peripheral, such as a tape drive or tape
library, that can receive and send data.
device driver
A file that contains the code needed to use an attached device.
DIAG
Diagnostic section of maintenance information manual.
differential
See High Voltage Differential (HVD).
direct access storage
A storage device in which the access time is independent of the location of
the data.
DNS

E-4

Directory Name System. This allows the library to recognize text-based
addresses instead of numeric IP addresses.

LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

download
To transfer programs or data from a computer to a connected device,
typically a personal computer.
To transfer data from a computer to a connected device, such as a
workstation or microcomputer.
DRAM
Dynamic random-access memory.
drive, magnetic tape
A mechanism for moving magnetic tape and controlling its movement.
DRV

Drive.

DSE

Data security erase.

DSP

Digital signal processor.

E
EBCDIC
Extended binary-coded decimal interchange code.
EC

Edge connector. Engineering change.

ECC

Error correction code.

EEPROM
Electrically erasable programmable read-only memory.
EIA

Electronics Industries Association.

EIA unit
A unit of measure, established by the Electronic Industries Association,
equal to 44.45 millimeters (1.75 inches).
eject

To remove or force out from within.

electronic mail
Correspondence in the form of messages transmitted between user
terminals over a computer network.
e-mail See electronic mail.
EPO

Emergency power off.

EPROM
Erasable programmable read only memory.
EQC

Equipment check.

equipment check
An asynchronous indication of a malfunction.
Error log
A dataset or file in a product or system where error information is stored
for later access.
ESD

Electrostatic discharge.

F
fault symptom code (FSC)
A hexadecimal code generated by the drive or the control unit microcode
in response to a detected subsystem error.

Glossary

E-5

Feature code.

FCC

Federal communications commission.

Field engineer, customer engineer, or service representative.

fiducial
A target used for teaching a physical location to a robot.
field replaceable unit (FRU)
An assembly that is replaced in its entirety when any one of its
components fails.
file

A named set of records stored or processed as a unit. Also referred to as a
dataset.

file protection
The processes and procedures established in an information system that
are designed to inhibit unauthorized access to, contamination of, or
deletion of a file.
file transfer protocol (FTP)
In the Internet suite of protocols, an application layer protocol that uses
TCP and Telnet services to transfer bulk-data files between machines or
hosts.
firmware
Proprietary code that is usually delivered as microcode as part of an
operating system. Firmware is more efficient than software loaded from an
alterable medium and more adaptable to change than pure hardware
circuitry. An example of firmware is the Basic Input/Output System (BIOS)
in read-only memory (ROM) on a PC motherboard.
FLASH EEPROM
An electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM) that
can be updated.
FMR

Field microcode replacement.

format
The arrangement or layout of data on a data medium.
formatter
Part of a magnetic tape subsystem that performs data conversion, speed
matching, encoding, first level error recovery, and interfaces to one or more
tape drives.
FP

File protect.

frayed Damaged as if by an abrasive substance.
FRU

Field replaceable unit.

FSC

Fault symptom code.

FSI

Fault symptom index.

functional microcode
Microcode that is resident in the machine during normal customer
operation.

E-6

Gram.

gigabyte.

LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

GBIC Gigabit Interface Converter.
Gbi

gigabit

gigabit (Gbit)
1 000 000 000 bits.
gigabyte (GB)
1 000 000 000 bytes.
Gigabit Interface Converter (GBIC)
Converts copper interface to optic interface.
gnd

Ground.

H
HBA

Host Bus Adapter.

hertz (Hz)
Unit of frequency. One hertz equals one cycle per second.
hex

Hexadecimal.

High Voltage Differential (HVD)
A logic signaling system that enables data communication between a
supported host and the library. HVD signaling uses a paired plus and
minus signal level to reduce the effects of noise on the SCSI bus. Any noise
injected into the signal is present in both a plus and minus state, and is
thereby canceled. Synonymous with differential.
HVD

SCSI Bus High Voltage Differential

Hertz (cycles per second).

I
IBM Ultrium Tape Drive
Located within the library, a data-storage device that controls the
movement of the magnetic tape in an IBM LTO Ultrium Tape Cartridge.
The drive houses the mechanism (drive head) that reads and writes data to
the tape.
ID

Identifier.

identifier (ID)
(1) In programming languages, a lexical unit that names a language object;
for example, the names of variables, arrays, records, labels, or procedures.
An identifier usually consists of a letter optionally followed by letters,
digits, or other characters. (2) One or more characters used to identify or
name data element and possibly to indicate certain properties of that data
element. (3) A sequence of bits or characters that identifies a program,
device, or system to another program, device, or system.
IEC

International Electrotechnical Commission.

IML

Initial microprogram load.

initial microprogram load (IML)
The action of loading a microprogram from an external storage to writable
control storage.
initiator
The component that executes a command. The initiator can be the host
system or the tape control unit.
Glossary

E-7

INST

Installation.

interface
A shared boundary. An interface might be a hardware component to link
two devices or it might be a portion of storage or registers accessed by two
or more computer programs.
interposer
The part used to convert a 68-pin connector to a 50-pin D-shell connector.
intervention required
Manual action is needed.
INTRO
Introduction.
I/O

Input/output.

IOP

Input/output processor.

IPL

Initial program load.

ISV

Independent Software Vendor.

ITST

Idle-time self-test.

K
kilogram (kg)
One thousand grams (approximately 2.2 pounds).
km

kilometer. 1000 Meters, Approximately 5/8 mile.

L
LAN

Local area network. A computer network within a limited area.

LCD

See liquid crystal display.

LDAP Lightweight Directory Access Protocol. This allows the library to use login
and password information stored on a server to grant access to the library
functionality.
LDI

Library Drive Interface.

LED

Light-emitting diode.

Linear Tape-Open (LTO)
A type of tape storage technology developed by the IBM Corporation,
Hewlett-Packard, and Certance. LTO technology is an “open format”
technology, which means that its users will have multiple sources of
product and media. The “open” nature of LTO technology enables
compatibility between different vendors’ offerings by ensuring that
vendors comply with verification standards. The LTO technology is
implemented in two formats: the Accelis format focuses on fast access; the
Ultrium format focuses on high capacity. The Ultrium format is the
preferred format when capacity (rather than fast access) is the key storage
consideration. An Ultrium cartridge has a compressed data capacity of up
to 800 GB (2:1 compression) and a native data capacity of up to 400 GB.
liquid crystal display (LCD)
A low-power display technology used in computers and other I/O devices.
loadable
Having the ability to be loaded.

E-8

LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

LTO cartridge memory (LTO-CM)
Within each LTO Ultrium data cartridge, an embedded electronics and
interface module that can store and retrieve a cartridge’s historical usage
and other information.
LUN

Logical Unit Number.

LVD

SCSI Bus Low Voltage Differential

M
magnetic tape
A tape with a magnetical surface layer on which data can be stored by
magnetic recording.
MAP

Maintenance analysis procedure.

mask

A pattern of characters that controls the retention or elimination of portions
of another pattern of characters. To use a pattern of characters to control
the retention or elimination of portions of another pattern of characters.

master file
A file used as an authority in a given job and that is relatively permanent,
even though its contents may change. Synonymous with main file.
MB

Mega Byte (usually expressed as data rate in MB/s or MB/second).

media capacity
The amount of data that can be contained on a storage medium, expressed
in bytes of data.
media-type identifier
Pertaining to the bar code on the bar code label of the IBM Ultrium Tape
Cartridge, a 2-character code, L1, that represents information about the
cartridge. L identifies the cartridge as one that can be read by devices
which incorporate LTO technology; 1 indicates that it is the first generation
of its type.
mega

One million of.

meter In the Metric System, the basic unit of length; equal to approximately 39.37
inches.
micro One millionth of.
microcode
(1) One or more micro instructions. (2) A code, representing the
instructions of an instruction set, implemented in a part of storage that is
not program-addressable. (3) To design, write, and test one or more micro
instructions. (4) See also microprogram.
microdiagnostic routine
A program that runs under the control of a supervisor, usually to identify
field replaceable units.
microdiagnostic utility
A program that is run by the customer engineer to test the machine.
microinstruction
A basic or elementary machine instruction.
microprogram
A group of microinstructions that when executed performs a preplanned
function.
Glossary

E-9

The term microprogram represents a dynamic arrangement or selection of
one or more groups of microinstructions for execution to perform a
particular function. The term microcode represents microinstructions used
in a product as an alternative to hard-wired circuitry to implement certain
functions of a processor or other system component.
MIM

Media information message.

Millimeter.

modifier
That which changes the meaning.
mount a device
To assign an I/O device with a request to the operator.
MP

Microprocessor.

Millisecond.

MSG

Message.

multipath
Pertaining to using more than one path.

N
N/A

Not applicable.

NEMA
National Electrical Manufacturers Association.
node

In a network, a point at which one or more functional units connect
channels or data circuits.

NTP

Network Time Protocol. This allows the library to set its internal date and
time based on the date and time of a sever.

NVS

Nonvolatile storage. A storage device whose contents are not lost when
power is cut off.

O
oersted
The unit of magnetic field strength in the unrationalized
centimeter-gram-second (cgs) electromagnetic system. The oersted is the
magnetic field strength in the interior of an elongated, uniformly wound
solenoid that is excited with a linear current density in its winding of one
abampere per 4π centimeters of axial length.
offline
Pertaining to the operation of a functional unit without the continual
control of a computer. Contrast with online.
online Pertaining to the operation of a functional unit that is under the continual
control of a computer. Contrast with offline.
OPER Operation.
ov

Over voltage.

overrun
Loss of data because a receiving device is unable to accept data at the rate
it is transmitted.

E-10

LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

overtightening
To tighten too much.

P
parameter
A variable that is given a constant value for a specified application and
that may denote the application.
p bit

Parity bit.

Parity check.

PCC

Power control compartment.

PDF

Portable Document Format.

Parity error. Product engineer.

pick

Pertaining to the library, to remove, by means of a robotic device, a tape
cartridge from a storage slot or drive.

picker A robotic mechanism located inside the library that moves cartridges
between the cartridge storage slots and the drive.
PM

Preventive maintenance.

POR

Power-on reset.

port

A physical connection for communication between the 3590 and the host
processor. The 3590 has two SCSI ports.

Portable Document Format (PDF)
A standard specified by Adobe Systems, Incorporated, for the electronic
distribution of documents. PDF files are compact, can be distributed
globally (via e-mail, the Web, intranets, or CD-ROM), and can be viewed
with the Acrobat Reader, which is software from Adobe Systems that can
be downloaded at no cost from the Adobe Systems home page.
PROM
Programmable read only memory.
PS

Power supply.

PWR

Power.

R
rack

A unit that houses the components of a storage subsystem, such as the
library.

rackmount kit
A packaged collection of articles used to install the rack mounted version
of the library.
RAM

Random access memory.

Random access memory
A storage device into which data is entered and from which data is
retrieved in a nonsequential manner.
RAS

Reliability, availability, and serviceability.

record A collection of related data or words, treated as a unit.

Glossary

E-11

recording density
The number of bits in a single linear track measured per unit of length of
the recording medium.
recoverable error
An error condition that allows continued execution of a program.
ref

Reference.

reg

reinventory
To inventory again.
retension
The process or function of tightening the tape onto the cartridge, if it is
sensed that the tape has a loose wrap on the cartridge.
RID tag
Repair identification tag.
robot

Picker.

robotics
Picker assembly.
RPQ

Request for price quotation.

R/W

Read/write.

S
s

Seconds of time.

SAC

Service Action Code. Code developed to indicate possible FRU or FRU’s to
replace to repair the hardware.

SAN

Storage Area Network.

SAS

Serial Attached SCSI. A computer bus technology and serial
communication protocol for direct attached storage devices. SAS is a
replacement for parallel SCSI with higher speeds, but still using SCSI
commands.

scratch cartridge
A data cartridge that contains no useful data, but can be written to with
new data.
SCD

Single Character Display.

SCSI

Small computer system interface.

segment
A part.
sel

Select.

serialize
To change from parallel-by-byte to serial-by-bit.
serializer
A device that converts a space distribution of simultaneous states
representing data into a corresponding time sequence of states.
servo, servos
An adjective for use in qualifying some part or aspect of a
servomechanism.

E-12

LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

servomechanism
A feedback control system in which at least one of the system signals
represents mechanical motion.
Small Computer Systems Interface (SCSI)
A standard used by computer manufacturers for attaching peripheral
devices (such as tape drives, hard disks, CD-ROM players, printers, and
scanners) to computers (servers). Pronounced “scuzzy”. Variations of the
SCSI interface provide for faster data transmission rates than standard
serial and parallel ports (up to 160 megabytes per second). The variations
include:
v Fast/Wide SCSI: Uses a 16-bit bus, and supports data rates of up to 20
MBps.
v SCSI-1: Uses an 8-bit bus, and supports data rates of 4 MBps.
v SCSI-2: Same as SCSI-1, but uses a 50-pin connector instead of a 25-pin
connector, and supports multiple devices.
v Ultra SCSI: Uses an 8- or 16-bit bus, and supports data rates of 20 or 40
MBps.
v Ultra2 SCSI: Uses an 8- or 16-bit bus and supports data rates of 40 or 80
MBps.
v Ultra3 SCSI: Uses a 16-bit bus and supports data rates of 80 or 160
MBps.
v Ultra160 SCSI: Uses a 16-bit bus and supports data rates of 80 or 160
MBps.
SMTP Simple Mail Transfer Protocol. SMTP is a standard for e-mail transmissions
across the internet.
SNMP
Simple Network Management Protocol. SNMP is used by network
management systems to monitor network-attached devices for conditions
that warrant administrative attention.
SMW Servo Manufacturer’s Word.
SNS

Sense.

special feature
A feature that can be ordered to enhance the capability, storage capacity, or
performance of a product, but is not essential for its basic work.
SR

Service representative, see also CE.

SRAM
Static random access memory.
SS

Status store.

SSP

Serial SCSI Protocol.

Store.

standard feature
The significant design elements of a product that are included as part of
the fundamental product.
START
Start maintenance.

Glossary

E-13

subsystem
A secondary or subordinate system, usually capable of operating
independently of, or asynchronously with, a controlling system.
SUPP Support.
sync

Synchronous, synchronize. Occurring with a regular or predictable time
relationship.

T
tachometer, tach
A device that emits pulses that are used to measure/check speed or
distance.
tape cartridge
A container holding magnetic tape that can be processed without
separating it from the container.
tape void
An area in the tape in which no signal can be detected.
TCP/IP
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol.
TCU

Tape control unit.

Thermal.

thread/load operation
A procedure that places tape along the tape path.
TM

Tapemark.

U
UART Universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter.
UL

Underwriter’s Laboratories.

unload
Prepare the tape cartridge for removal from the drive.
utilities
Utility programs.
utility programs
A computer program in general support of the processes of a computer; for
instance, a diagnostic program.
uv

Under voltage.

V
VOLSER
Volume serial number.
volume
A certain portion of data, together with its data carrier, that can be handled
conveniently as a unit.
VPD

E-14

Vital product data. The information contained within the tape drive that
requires nonvolatile storage used by functional areas of the drive, and
information required for manufacturing, RAS, and engineering.

LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

W
word

A character string that is convenient for some purpose to consider as an
entity.

WORM
Write Once Read Many.
Write

Write command.

world trade.

WWCID
World Wide Cartridge Identifier.
WWN World Wide Name.
WWNN
World Wide Node Name.
WWPN
World Wide Port Name.

X
XR

External register.

XRA

External register address register.

Glossary

E-15

E-16

LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

Index
A
ac grounding diagram xii
adjust data rate 1-3
attaching tape drive to server 1-5

B
Bar Code Labels 4-5
guidelines for using 4-5
Battery Return Policy xii

C
Capacity scaling 1-4
cartridge
compatibility 1-3
Cartridge 4-1
capacity scaling 4-2
Capacity scaling 1-4
cleaning 4-4
compatibility 4-4
data 4-2
inserting 3-5
mid-tape recovery 3-6
proper handling 4-7
removing 3-6
repairing B-1
specifications 4-7
Write-Protect Switch 4-2
Cartridge, environment 4-7
cartridges
types 4-2
Cartridges
repairing C-1
testing 3-16
caution notices xi
channel calibration 1-4
Configure drive
to server 2-6
customize each data channel 1-4

D
danger notices xi
description of drive 1-1
Device drivers
documentation 1-6
downloading from Web 1-6
installing 2-5
supported 1-5
Diagnostics 3-13
clear error code log 3-16
copying drive dump to tape 3-12
disabling post error reporting 3-21
display error code log 3-15
enabling post error reporting 3-21
Fast Read/Write Test 3-19
forcing a drive dump 3-11
Load/Unload Test 3-20
© Copyright IBM Corp. 2007

Diagnostics (continued)
RS-422 Wrap Test 3-14
running 2-5
selecting function 3-7
tape drive 3-9
test cartridge 3-16
Test Head 3-18
Write Performance Test 3-17
Display
SCD dot 3-1
single-character 3-1
Disposal of this product xii
drive
description 1-1
Drive
features 1-1
Drive dump
copying to tape 3-12
forcing 3-11
obtaining 5-12
Drive head
cleaning 3-6

Firmware (continued)
using FMR tape 3-23
using ITDT Tool 3-23
using LDI 3-22
FMR tape
create 3-11
unmake 3-15
update firmware 3-10

G
glossary E-1
grounding diagram

xii

H
host wrap tes 3-13

I
Insert Cartridge 3-16
Installation 2-1

E
electronic emission notices
Encryption 1-4
end of life plan xv
environmental notices xi
Error code log
clear 3-16
display 3-15
Error codes 5-3
receiving 5-2
error information
obtaining
from pSeries 5-10
from RS-6000 5-10
Error information
obtaining
from AS/400 5-9
from iSeries 5-9
Error log
viewing 5-13
errors
WORM media 4-3

D-2

Labels
bar code 4-5
guidelines for using 4-5
LDI
external server connection 2-5
internal cable connection 2-5
Library interface 1-5
liquid crystal display disposal xii
Load/Unload Test 3-20

F
Fast Read/Write Test 3-19
Feature Switches 1-4
Features of drive 1-1
Feedback
Comments
sending iii
sending iii
firmware
inhibiting down-leveling
Firmware
updating 3-22

1-4

Maintenance
create FMR tape 3-11
update firmware with FMR tape 3-10
Maintenance Function
selecting function 3-7
unmaking an FMR tape 3-15
Maintenance Mode
entering 3-8
exiting 3-9
media
cartridge compatibility 1-3
Media 4-1
Capacity scaling 1-4
inserting 3-5
mid-tape recovery 3-6
removing 3-6
resolving problems 5-13
Message codes 5-3
receiving 5-2
Mounting into enclosure 2-3

X-1

O
Operating systems supported 1-5
operating systems, supported 1-5

Technical Support (continued)
Support Notification registration iii
Test Drive Head 3-18
Troubleshooting 5-1

Post error reporting
disabling 3-21
enabling 3-21
Power
connect to drive 2-4
test to drive 2-4
Problems reported by server
resolving 5-13

Unload Button 3-4
Unpacking shipment 2-1
Updating firmware 3-22
using FMR tape 3-23
using ITDT Tool 3-23
using LDI 3-22

W
R
Read/Write capability 4-4
Recycling this product xii
regulatory name xi
requirements for attaching tape drive to
server 1-5
RS-422 Wrap Test 3-14

S
safety
end of life plan xv
safety information xi
caution notices xi
danger notices xi
SAS interface
external server connection 2-5
SCSI attachment
requirements 1-5
sending your comments iii
Sense data
using 5-8
server connection
external LDI 2-5
external SAS 2-5
Servers supported 1-5
servers, supported 1-5
Service procedures C-1
SCSI drive
removing from enclosure C-1
Specifications
cartridges 4-7
environmental 1-6
physical 1-6
power 1-6
speed matching 1-3
Status Light 3-1
Support Notification iii
Support Notification registration iii
supported SAN components 1-5
supported servers and operating
systems 1-5
Switches, feature 1-4

T
TapeAlert flags A-1
Technical Support iii
accessing online iii

X-2

LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

WORM
requirements 4-3
WORM (Write Once, Read Many)
WORM media errors 4-3
Write Once, Read Many (see
WORM) 4-3
Write Performance Test 3-17
Write-Protect Switch
setting 4-2

4-3

Readers’ Comments — We’d Like to Hear from You
IBM LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive
Setup, Operator, and Service Guide
Model T1600V
Publication No. GC27-2150-00
We appreciate your comments about this publication. Please comment on specific errors or omissions, accuracy,
organization, subject matter, or completeness of this book. The comments you send should pertain to only the
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_ _ _ _ _ _ _Fold
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_ _ _ _ _do
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_________________________________________________________________________________________
Please do not staple
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Cut or Fold
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IBM LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High
Tape Drive

LTO Ultrium 4 Half-High Tape Drive

Model T1600V

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LTO Ultrium 4 Half High Tape Drive LTO4 Height Setup Operator Service Guide

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