Oracle® VM Manager Getting Started Guide For Release 3.4 OVM
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Oracle® VM
Manager Getting Started Guide for Release 3.4
E64080_01
March 2016
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Abstract
Document generated on: 2016-03-21 (revision: 5492)
Abstract
This tutorial describes how to get started with Oracle VM, and walks you through discovering Oracle VM Servers,
registering storage, setting up networking, setting up a storage repository and importing resources into it, creating a
server pool and creating virtual machines.
You should read and follow this tutorial if you are new to Oracle VM and want to quickly get up and running.
Table of Contents
Preface .............................................................................................................................................. v
1 Audience ................................................................................................................................. v
2 Related Documents ................................................................................................................. v
3 Command Syntax .................................................................................................................... v
4 Conventions ........................................................................................................................... vi
1 Getting Started with Oracle VM ....................................................................................................... 1
2 Discover Oracle VM Servers ........................................................................................................... 3
2.1 Discovering Oracle VM Servers ............................................................................................ 4
3 Discover Storage ............................................................................................................................. 7
3.1 Discovering a file server ....................................................................................................... 7
3.2 Discovering a SAN server (storage array) .............................................................................. 9
4 Create a Virtual Machine Network .................................................................................................. 15
4.1 Creating a virtual machine network ...................................................................................... 15
5 Create a Server Pool .................................................................................................................... 21
5.1 Creating a server pool ........................................................................................................ 21
6 Create a Storage Repository ......................................................................................................... 25
6.1 Creating a storage repository .............................................................................................. 25
7 Add Resources to Storage Repository ............................................................................................ 29
7.1 Importing a virtual appliance ............................................................................................... 29
7.2 Importing a virtual machine template ................................................................................... 30
7.3 Importing an ISO file .......................................................................................................... 32
8 Create Virtual Machines ................................................................................................................ 35
8.1 Creating a virtual machine from a template .......................................................................... 35
8.2 Creating a virtual machine from a virtual appliance .............................................................. 37
8.3 Creating a virtual machine from an ISO file ......................................................................... 38
8.4 Starting a virtual machine and connecting to the console ...................................................... 42
Glossary ........................................................................................................................................... 45
iii
iv
Preface
Table of Contents
1
2
3
4
Audience ......................................................................................................................................... v
Related Documents ......................................................................................................................... v
Command Syntax ............................................................................................................................ v
Conventions ................................................................................................................................... vi
The Oracle VM Manager Getting Started Guide describes key tasks for users who are learning how to work
with Oracle VM.
1 Audience
The Oracle VM Manager Getting Started Guide is intended for system administrators and end users who
want to get started with Oracle VM.
2 Related Documents
For more information, see the following documents in the Oracle VM documentation set:
• Oracle VM Release Notes
• Oracle VM Installation and Upgrade Guide
• Oracle VM Concepts Guide
• Oracle VM Manager Getting Started Guide
• Oracle VM Manager User's Guide
• Oracle VM Manager Command Line Interface User's Guide
• Oracle VM Administrator's Guide
• Oracle VM Windows Paravirtual Drivers Installation Guide
• Oracle VM Web Services API Developer's Guide
• Oracle VM Security Guide
• Oracle VM Licensing Information User Manual
You can also get the latest information on Oracle VM by going to the Oracle VM Web site:
http://www.oracle.com/us/technologies/virtualization/oraclevm
3 Command Syntax
Oracle Linux command syntax appears in monospace font. The dollar character ($), number sign (#), or
percent character (%) are Oracle Linux command prompts. Do not enter them as part of the command.
The following command syntax conventions are used in this guide:
v
Conventions
Convention
Description
backslash \
A backslash is the Oracle Linux command continuation character. It is used in
command examples that are too long to fit on a single line. Enter the command
as displayed (with a backslash) or enter it on a single line without a backslash:
dd if=/dev/rdsk/c0t1d0s6 of=/dev/rst0 bs=10b \
count=10000
braces { }
Braces indicate required items:
.DEFINE {macro1}
brackets [ ]
Brackets indicate optional items:
cvtcrt termname [outfile]
ellipses ...
Ellipses indicate an arbitrary number of similar items:
CHKVAL fieldname value1 value2 ... valueN
italics
Italic type indicates a variable. Substitute a value for the variable:
library_name
vertical line |
A vertical line indicates a choice within braces or brackets:
FILE filesize [K|M]
forward slash /
A forward slash is used as an escape character in the Oracle VM Manager
Command Line Interface to escape the special characters ", ', ?, \, /, <, >.
Special characters need only be escaped when within single or double quotes:
create Tag name=MyTag description="HR/'s VMs"
4 Conventions
The following text conventions are used in this document:
Convention
Meaning
boldface
Boldface type indicates graphical user interface elements associated with an
action, or terms defined in text or the glossary.
italic
Italic type indicates book titles, emphasis, or placeholder variables for which
you supply particular values.
monospace
Monospace type indicates commands within a paragraph, URLs, code in
examples, text that appears on the screen, or text that you enter.
vi
Chapter 1 Getting Started with Oracle VM
This tutorial describes how to get started with Oracle VM, and walks you through discovering Oracle VM
Servers, registering storage, setting up networking, setting up a storage repository and importing resources
into it, creating a server pool and creating virtual machines.
You should read and follow this tutorial if you are new to Oracle VM and want to quickly get up and
running.
This tutorial includes a visual indicator graphic to show you where you are in relation to the tutorial steps,
as shown below.
1
2
Chapter 2 Discover Oracle VM Servers
Table of Contents
2.1 Discovering Oracle VM Servers .................................................................................................... 4
When you log into Oracle VM Manager, the Servers and VMs tab is displayed.
Figure 2.1 Default screen
When you first log in a tutorial is displayed in the Getting Started tab. To hide the tutorial, click the
Collapse Pane arrow to the right of the management pane.
When you add Oracle VM Servers to your Oracle VM Manager environment, this process is known as
discovering Oracle VM Servers. This term is used often in this tutorial. The first thing you should do to set
up your virtualization environment is to discover your Oracle VM Servers.
When an Oracle VM Server is discovered, it contains some basic information about itself, and about any
immediate connectivity to shared storage arrays, but it is considered to be in an unconfigured state. Any
storage attached to the Oracle VM Server is also discovered. For more information on discovering an
Oracle VM Server, see Discover Servers.
Depending on your hardware and networking configuration, external storage may be automatically
detected during discovery of the Oracle VM Servers. This is always the case with local OCFS2 storage on
an Oracle VM Server.
3
Discovering Oracle VM Servers
When you have discovered your Oracle VM Servers, you should next discover your storage.
2.1 Discovering Oracle VM Servers
This example walks through discovering three Oracle VM Servers. Replace the IP addresses for those of
your own servers.
To discover Oracle VM Servers:
1. Click the Servers and VMs tab, if not already selected.
2. Click Discover Servers
in the toolbar.
3. Enter the Oracle VM Agent password for the Oracle VM Server(s) to be discovered, this should be set
to the same password for each server that is intended to be grouped together in a server pool. Also
enter the IP addresses or hostnames for the Oracle VM Server(s). Click OK.
The Oracle VM Servers are discovered and added to the Unassigned Servers folder in the Servers and
VMs tab. The displayed name of a discovered Oracle VM Server is the assigned DNS name, and not the
IP address. You can edit the name after the Oracle VM Server is discovered. For more information on
editing an Oracle VM Server, see Edit Server.
4
Discovering Oracle VM Servers
5
6
Chapter 3 Discover Storage
Table of Contents
3.1 Discovering a file server ............................................................................................................... 7
3.2 Discovering a SAN server (storage array) ...................................................................................... 9
Storage refers to two different types of disk space: the space available for environment resources such as
virtual machine templates and ISO files, and the logical or physical disks used by virtual machines.
Virtual machines use two types of storage, as follows:
• Virtual disks: disk image files on a file system.
• Raw physical disks: LUNs accessed directly by the virtual machine.
A storage repository can be any of the following:
• iSCSI: Abstracted LUNs or raw disks accessible over existing Ethernet infrastructure (SAN Servers).
• FCP: Abstracted LUNs or raw disks accessible over Fibre Channel host bus adapters (SAN Servers).
• NFS: File-based storage over existing Ethernet infrastructure (NAS or File Servers).
The first step, before you can discover storage, is to configure the storage repositories that contain
environment resources. You configure the storage repository outside of the Oracle VM environment.
This step includes tasks such as creating and exporting file system mounts on an NFS server. For more
information about discovering and configuring storage, see Storage Tab.
In addition to the storage entities you require for storage repositories, you should make sure you leave at
least 12 GB of disk space for each server pool file system. The server pool file system is used to hold the
server pool and cluster data, and is also used for cluster heartbeating. You create server pool file systems
the same way you create storage entities for storage repositories. For more information about the use and
management of clusters and server pools, see How do Server Pool Clusters Work?.
Your storage may have been automatically discovered when you discovered your Oracle VM Servers.
If not, you must discover it. If your storage server exposes a writable file system, discover the file server
using the procedure in Discover File Server. If your storage server exposes raw disks (SAN volumes,
iSCSI targets and LUNs) discover the SAN servers using the procedure in Discover SAN Server.
The following examples show how to discover a file server, and a SAN server so that your storage is ready
to be used to create a storage repository or server pool file system.
3.1 Discovering a file server
This example uses a file server storage type (an NFS share). Replace the IP address for that of your own
file server.
7
Discovering a file server
To discover a file server:
1. Click the Storage tab.
2. Select Discover File Server
from the toolbar.
3. The Discover a File Server wizard is displayed. Select the Oracle VM Storage Connect plug-in for the
storage type, in this case we are using the Oracle Generic Network File System Oracle VM Storage
Connect plug-in. Enter a name for the storage, and the IP address of your file server, then click Next.
4. Assign one or more Oracle VM Servers to perform any required administration on the file server. Click
Next.
5. If any file systems on the file server contain existing virtual machine resources they are listed on this
step of the wizard. Select the corresponding check box to discover the content of the selected file
8
Discovering a SAN server (storage array)
systems. This allows Oracle VM Manager to add the existing resources to the system. Click Finish to
complete the file server discovery.
At the end of the file server discovery a refresh operation is triggered to make sure all file systems
available on the file server appear in Oracle VM Manager. When the operation is complete, the
available file systems are displayed in the management pane when you select the file server.
You can change the name of the file systems by selecting the file system in the table and clicking Edit
File System in the management pane toolbar.
3.2 Discovering a SAN server (storage array)
This example uses an iSCSI SAN server. Replace the information here for that of your own SAN server.
To discover a SAN server:
1. Click the Storage tab.
2. Click Discover SAN Server
in the toolbar.
9
Discovering a SAN server (storage array)
3. The Discover SAN Server wizard is displayed. Enter a name for the SAN server and optional
description. Select iSCSI Storage Server from the Storage Type drop-down list, and the plug-in type
for your SAN server, which in this example is Oracle Generic SCSI Plugin. Click Next.
4. The Access Information step is displayed.
Enter one or more access hosts to create network paths to the storage. To add multiple paths (for
multipathing), add multiple access hosts. Click Create New Access Host to add access hosts for the
SAN server.
The Create Access Host dialog box is displayed.
10
Discovering a SAN server (storage array)
Enter the IP address and access port of the host that has access to the SAN server. Typically, this is
the IP address of the SAN server and the default access port of 3260. Click OK.
Repeat this step for each access host, for example, you may have access hosts such as
10.172.76.130, 10.172.76.131, 10.172.77.130, and 10.172.77.131 to enable multipathing. When you
have entered all access hosts, click Next.
5. For most SAN servers the wizard moves straight to the Add Admin Servers step. However, if you
have vendor-specific storage hardware with an admin host handling more than one storage array, such
as certain HP EVAs and EMC arrays, enter the name of the array to be used for the new SAN server.
The wizard recognizes this type of storage and displays the Set Storage Name step when applicable.
Enter the storage name and click Next.
6. The Add Admin Servers step is displayed.
11
Discovering a SAN server (storage array)
Use the arrow buttons to move the required Oracle VM Servers to the Selected Servers box. This
selects which Oracle VM Servers are to be made available to perform Oracle VM related admin
operations on the SAN server. Click Next.
7. The Manage Access Group step is displayed.
This example uses a generic ISCSI SAN server, so a default access group is created. Select the
default access group in the table and click Edit Access Group , then select the Storage Initiators
tab in the Edit Access Group dialog box.
12
Discovering a SAN server (storage array)
Select and move the Oracle VM Servers into the Selected Storage Initiators box to add storage
initiators to each Oracle VM Server. Click OK.
8. Click Finish to complete the SAN server discovery operation.
9. Select the SAN server in the navigation pane, and select Physical Disks from the Perspective dropdown list in the management pane. The list of physical disks on the server is listed in the table. These
disks are automatically presented to the selected Oracle VM Servers.
13
14
Chapter 4 Create a Virtual Machine Network
Table of Contents
4.1 Creating a virtual machine network ............................................................................................. 15
Oracle VM has a number of network functions: Server Management, Live Migrate, Cluster Heartbeat,
Virtual Machine, and Storage. The Server Management, Live Migrate and Cluster Heartbeat roles are
automatically assigned to the management network when you discover Oracle VM Servers. The Virtual
Machine and Storage roles are not automatically created, and you must manually create these. The
Storage role is only required for iSCSI-based storage, so for the purposes of the NFS-based storage
used in this tutorial, is not required. We do, however, need to create a network with the Virtual Machine
role. This can be assigned to the existing management network, or a new network can be created and
the Virtual Machine role assigned to it. This tutorial shows you how to create a new network and assign
the Virtual Machine role to it. See Understanding Networks for information on creating and configuring
networks.
4.1 Creating a virtual machine network
This example creates a virtual machine network using network interface cards (NICs) on the Oracle
VM Servers discovered earlier. In this example we are using bonded Ethernet ports. Each Oracle VM
Server should have a set of Ethernet ports to use for the virtual machine network. Oracle recommends at
least two ports per Oracle VM Server, one for the management network, and one for a network with the
Virtual Machine role. Replace the information in this example with that of your Oracle VM Servers and
environment.
To create a virtual machine network:
1. Click the Networking tab, then the Networks subtab.
2. Click Create New Network... in the toolbar to start the Create Network wizard. In this example we
use the Ethernet ports on each Oracle VM Server to create a network for virtual machine traffic. Select
Create a network with Ports/Bond Ports/VLAN Interfaces and click Next.
15
Creating a virtual machine network
3. At the Create Network step of the wizard, enter a name for the network and select the network
functions. The Network Uses fields are where you decide which network functions are to be assigned
to the network. Select Virtual Machine and click Next.
4. At the Select Ports step of the wizard, we need to add an Ethernet port from each Oracle VM Server
and add them to the network. Click Add New Ports... .
16
Creating a virtual machine network
5. The Add Ports to Network dialog box is displayed.
Expand the Unassigned Servers folder until you see all the ports for each Oracle VM Server. Select a
free port to use on each Oracle VM Server for the network and click OK.
6. The Select Ports step of the wizard is displayed again. Click Next.
17
Creating a virtual machine network
7. The Select VLAN Interfaces step of the wizard is displayed. In this example we are not using VLAN
interfaces, so click Finish to create the network.
The virtual machine network is created and listed in the table. This virtual machine network is ready to use
when creating virtual machines.
18
Creating a virtual machine network
19
20
Chapter 5 Create a Server Pool
Table of Contents
5.1 Creating a server pool ................................................................................................................ 21
A server pool contains a group of Oracle VM Servers, which as a group perform virtual machine
management tasks, such as High Availability (HA), implementation of resource and power management
policies, access to networking, storage and repositories.
5.1 Creating a server pool
This example creates a server pool using the discovered Oracle VM Servers, and the server pool file
system on the file system-based storage (NFS server). You need an IP address to use as the virtual IP
address to enable clustering and HA. Replace the server pool information in this example with that of your
environment.
To create a server pool:
1. Click the Servers and VMs tab.
2. Click Create Server Pool
in the toolbar.
3. The Create a Server Pool wizard is displayed. Enter the server pool information.
21
Creating a server pool
Enter a name for the server pool. Note that you may also enter a virtual IP address for the server pool,
however this is only used if all of the servers within the server pool belong to a release prior to Oracle
VM Server Release 3.4.1.
Select Clustered Server Pool to enable clustering of the Oracle VM Servers in the server pool, which
is required to enable HA.
The server pool file system is used to hold the server pool and cluster data, and is also used for cluster
heartbeating. If you are using a file server for the server pool file system, select Network File System
as the storage type to use for the server pool. If you are using a physical disk on a storage array as the
server pool file system, select Physical Disk as the storage type. Click Storage Location to search
for the server pool file system.
Select the file system to use for the server pool file system and click OK.
22
Creating a server pool
Click Next to add Oracle VM Servers to the server pool.
4. The Add Servers step of the wizard is displayed. The Hypervisor Filter field allows you to specify the
hypervisor type to use for the server pool. Add Oracle VM Servers to the Selected Servers column and
click Finish.
The Oracle VM Servers are added to the server pool and ready to use to create virtual machines.
23
Creating a server pool
For more information on creating server pools and adding Oracle VM Servers, see Create Server Pool and
Edit Server Pool .
The next step is to create a storage repository to use for virtual machine resources.
24
Chapter 6 Create a Storage Repository
Table of Contents
6.1 Creating a storage repository ...................................................................................................... 25
A storage repository is where Oracle VM resources may reside on the storage you registered in Chapter 3,
Discover Storage. Resources include virtual machines, templates for virtual machine creation, virtual
machine virtual appliances, ISO files (DVD image files), shared virtual disks, and so on.
You use Oracle VM Manager to create and configure storage repositories, and to present one or more
storage repositories to Oracle VM Servers. When the storage repository is accessible, you can start adding
storage resources and building virtual machines with those resources.
For more information about storage repositories, see Understanding Repositories.
6.1 Creating a storage repository
This example creates a storage repository to store virtual machine resources using an NFS file server. We
use the larger of the file systems on our repository. Replace the file server and other names used in this
example with that of your own environment.
To create a storage repository:
1. Click the Repositories tab.
2. Select Create New Repository...
from the toolbar.
3. In the Create a Data Repository dialog box, enter information about the repository.
25
Creating a storage repository
Enter a name for the repository. If you are using a file server for the repository, select Network File
Server as the storage type to use for the Repository Location. If you are using a physical disk on a
storage array for the repository, select Physical Disk as the storage type. Click to search for the
storage location to use.
Select a file system in the table and click OK.
Click Next to present the new the new storage repository to Oracle VM Servers.
4. To enable your Oracle VM Servers to use the repository, you must present it to the Oracle VM Servers.
Select the Oracle VM Servers and move them to the Present to Server(s) column and click Finish.
26
Creating a storage repository
The repository is listed in the Repositories tab. To see information about the repository, expand the
Repositories folder.
27
28
Chapter 7 Add Resources to Storage Repository
Table of Contents
7.1 Importing a virtual appliance ....................................................................................................... 29
7.2 Importing a virtual machine template ........................................................................................... 30
7.3 Importing an ISO file .................................................................................................................. 32
Virtual machines require some form of installation media, whether it be a virtual machine template, virtual
disk, ISO file, or mounted ISO file. Different domain types may require different installation source files.
You can read about the different installation media in How is a Guest OS Installed on a Virtual Machine?.
The following examples show you how to import a virtual appliance, a virtual machine template, and an
ISO file which are used in later steps to create virtual machines. A virtual machine template contains virtual
machine configuration information, virtual disks that contain the operating system and any application
software, packaged as an Oracle VM template file. A virtual appliance is similar to a virtual machine
template, but in the open standard Open Virtualization Format (OVF) format. Older Oracle VM template
files were packaged as Oracle VM template files, and the more recent templates are packaged in OVF
format as virtual appliances. An operating system ISO file is an image of the CDROM or DVD used to
perform an operating system installation.
In this tutorial we use a virtual appliance, a virtual machine template and an Oracle Linux ISO file
downloaded from the Oracle Software Delivery Cloud:
https://edelivery.oracle.com/linux
To complete all the examples in this tutorial, download an Oracle VM template, either in the OVF format or
as an Oracle VM template. Also download an ISO file of the Oracle Linux operating system. Uncompress
(unzip) the Oracle VM template file so that it is in the template.tgz format, not the downloaded template.zip
format. If you downloaded an Oracle VM template in OVF format, uncompress (unzip) the file so that it
is in the template.ova format. Save the template files and ISO file on a web server. Templates and other
installation media must be available on a web server, ftp server or NFS share before being imported into
Oracle VM Manager.
7.1 Importing a virtual appliance
This example shows you how to import a virtual appliance. If you downloaded an Oracle VM template from
the Oracle Software Delivery Cloud which contains a template.ova file, you should use this procedure to
import the virtual appliance. A virtual appliance is the most recent format that Oracle uses to publish Oracle
VM templates. Replace the name and URL of the following example with that of your virtual appliance.
To import a virtual appliance:
1. Click the Repositories tab. Select the repository in which to import the virtual appliance. Click Virtual
Appliances in the navigation tree.
29
Importing a virtual machine template
2. Click Import Virtual Appliance...
in the management pane toolbar.
3. The Import Virtual Appliance dialog box is displayed. Enter the URL to the virtual appliance you
downloaded and stored on a web server, and the IP address or hostname of an optional proxy server to
use when importing the virtual appliance. Click OK to import the virtual appliance.
The import job can take some time to complete. When the import job is complete, the new virtual
appliance is listed in the table.
7.2 Importing a virtual machine template
This example shows you how to import a virtual machine template. If you downloaded an Oracle VM
template from the Oracle Software Delivery Cloud which contains an template.tgz file, you should use this
procedure to import the template. This format of a template is the older format used by Oracle to publish
Oracle VM templates. Replace the name and URL of the template with that of your template.
30
Importing a virtual machine template
To import a virtual machine template:
1. Click the Repositories tab. Select the repository in which to import the template. Select VM Templates
in the navigation tree.
2. Click Import VM Template...
in the management pane toolbar.
3. The Import VM Template dialog box is displayed. Enter the URL to the template you downloaded
and stored on a web server, and the IP address or hostname of an optional proxy server to use when
importing the template. Click OK to import the template.
The import job can take some time to complete. When the import job is complete, the new template is
listed in the table.
31
Importing an ISO file
7.3 Importing an ISO file
This example shows you how to import the Oracle Linux ISO file you downloaded from the Oracle Software
Delivery Cloud. Replace the name and URL of the ISO file with that of your file.
To import an ISO file:
1. Click the Repositories tab. Select the repository in which to import the ISO file. Select ISOs in the
navigation tree.
2. Click Import ISO...
in the management pane toolbar.
3. The Import ISO dialog box is displayed.
Enter the URL to the ISO file you want to import, and the IP address or hostname of an optional proxy
server to use when importing the ISO file. Click OK to import the ISO file.
The import job can take some time to complete. When the import job is complete, the ISO file appears
in the table.
32
Importing an ISO file
See Understanding Repositories for information on importing, managing and using virtual machine
resources.
33
34
Chapter 8 Create Virtual Machines
Table of Contents
8.1
8.2
8.3
8.4
Creating a virtual machine from a template ..................................................................................
Creating a virtual machine from a virtual appliance ......................................................................
Creating a virtual machine from an ISO file .................................................................................
Starting a virtual machine and connecting to the console ..............................................................
35
37
38
42
When you have a virtual machine template (either as an Oracle VM template or an virtual appliance), or
an ISO file that contains an the installation files for an operating system, you can create a virtual machine.
If you use a virtual machine template, you need to clone the template to create a virtual machine. If you
use the OVF template format, you first need to create an Oracle VM template from the OVF file, then use
that template to clone a virtual machine. If you use an installation source ISO file, you can create a virtual
machine directly from the ISO file. The examples in this tutorial first use a template, a virtual appliance, and
then an ISO file to create virtual machines. A final example shows you how to start a virtual machine and
connect to the virtual machine's console.
8.1 Creating a virtual machine from a template
This example uses the virtual machine template you imported in Section 7.2, “Importing a virtual machine
template” to create a virtual machine, and deploy it in the server pool.
To create a virtual machine from a template:
1. Click the Servers and VMs tab.
2. Click Create Virtual Machine
in the toolbar.
3. The Create Virtual Machine wizard is displayed. Select the Clone from an existing VM Template
option and then click Next.
35
Creating a virtual machine from a template
4. The Create Virtual Machine wizard prompts you to specify details for the virtual machine.
Enter the number of virtual machines to create from the template in the Clone Count field. Select the
storage repository in which to store the virtual machine files. Select the virtual machine template from
the VM Template field. Enter a name for the virtual machine(s) in the VM Name field. Select the server
pool on which to deploy the virtual machine(s) from the Server Pool field. Click Finish.
The template is cloned to create one or more virtual machines. The cloning job may take some time.
When the clone job is completed, the virtual machine is deployed to an Oracle VM Server in the server
pool. To see the virtual machine, select the server pool in the navigation pane and select Virtual
Machines from the Perspective drop-down list in the management pane toolbar.
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Creating a virtual machine from a virtual appliance
8.2 Creating a virtual machine from a virtual appliance
This example uses the virtual appliance you imported in Section 7.1, “Importing a virtual appliance” to
create a virtual machine, and deploy it in the server pool.
To create a virtual machine from a virtual appliance:
1. Click the Servers and VMs tab.
2. Click Create Virtual Machine
in the toolbar.
3. The Create Virtual Machine wizard is displayed. Select the Clone from an existing Virtual
Appliance option and then click Next.
4. The Create Virtual Machine wizard prompts you to specify details for the virtual machine.
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Creating a virtual machine from an ISO file
Select the repository in which to create the virtual machine configuration files from the Repository
menu. Select the virtual appliance from which you want to create the virtual machine from the Virtual
Appliance menu. Select the server pool in which you want to deploy the virtual machine from the
Server Pool menu. Select the virtual machines that you want to create from the Available Virtual
Appliance VM(s) column. Confirm the virtual machines in the Selected Virtual Appliance VM(s)
column. Click Finish.
Oracle VM Manager creates one or more virtual machines from the selected virtual appliance(s). The
job to create the virtual machine may take some time. When the job is completed, Oracle VM Manager
deploys the virtual machines to the server pool you specified. If you did not specify a server pool, the
virtual machines are deployed to the Unassigned Virtual Machines folder in the Servers and VMs
tab. You can then migrate each virtual machine to a compatible server or server pool.
8.3 Creating a virtual machine from an ISO file
This example uses the ISO file you imported in Section 7.3, “Importing an ISO file” to create a virtual
machine, and deploy it in the server pool.
To create a virtual machine from an ISO file:
1. Click the Servers and VMs tab.
2. Click Create Virtual Machine
in the toolbar.
3. The Create Virtual Machine wizard is displayed. Select the Create a new VM option and then click
Next.
38
Creating a virtual machine from an ISO file
4. The Create Virtual Machine wizard is displayed. In the Create Virtual Machine step, select the
server pool you created earlier, the repository you created as the location to store the virtual machine
configuration file, and enter a name for the virtual machine. Click Next.
5. In the Setup Networks step, add one or more VNICs to the virtual machine. To dynamically create a
VNIC, select the Dynamically Assign Mac check box and click Add VNIC. The VNIC is added to the
virtual machine, and a MAC address is assigned when the create virtual machine job is submitted. Click
Next.
39
Creating a virtual machine from an ISO file
6. In the Arrange Disks step, create a virtual disk to use as the virtual machine's hard disk and select the
ISO to use to create the virtual machine. For slot 0, select Virtual Disk from the Disk Type drop-down
list. Click Create a Virtual Disk .
The Create Virtual Disk dialog box is displayed. Select the repository on which to create the virtual
disk, enter a name for the disk, and enter the size of the disk. Click OK.
40
Creating a virtual machine from an ISO file
For slot 1 select CD/DVD from the Disk Type drop-down list. Click Select a Virtual Machine Disk
The Select an ISO dialog box is displayed. Select the ISO file and click OK.
You have now created a virtual disk to use as the virtual machine's hard disk, and added the ISO file
which contains the operating system to be installed. Click Next.
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.
Starting a virtual machine and connecting to the console
7. In the Boot Options step, select the boot media and order for your virtual machine. Click Finish.
The virtual machine is created and deployed to an Oracle VM Server in the server pool. To see the virtual
machine, select the server pool in the navigation pane and select Virtual Machines from the Perspective
drop-down list in the management pane toolbar.
8.4 Starting a virtual machine and connecting to the console
When a virtual machine is created, it is deployed to the server pool in a stopped state. This step of the
tutorial starts the virtual machine created with an ISO file, and logs into the virtual machine console.
To start a virtual machine and connect to the console:
1. Click the Servers and VMs tab. Select the server pool in which the virtual machine is deployed in the
navigation pane.
2. From the Perspective field in the management pane, select Virtual Machines from the drop-down list.
42
Starting a virtual machine and connecting to the console
3. Select the virtual machine in the table and click Start
in the management pane toolbar.
4. When the virtual machine is running, you can connect to the virtual machine's console and log in, if
required. To connect to the console, click Launch Console in the management pane toolbar.
5. The virtual machine console is displayed. Log in and interact with the virtual machine as you would
through any other VNC session.
This example shows the initial installation screen for the virtual machine created with the Oracle Linux
operating system ISO file.
See Create Virtual Machine for more information on creating virtual machines.
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Glossary
C
clone
The action or result of making an exact copy of an object. The object may be a virtual machine, virtual machine
template, ISO file, or virtual disk. Cloning is similar to copying and maintains the integrity of the original object,
while creating a new object based on the original. A clone customizer may be used to define cloning options to
specify details of where the object components may reside when cloned, such as in a different storage repository.
D
discover
The process of adding systems as objects within Oracle VM Manager is known as discovery. When you add
Oracle VM Servers and storage to your Oracle VM environment, Oracle VM Manager uses the information
provided to connect to the resource and perform verification. During this process, information is usually
exchanged between the server and the manager. In the case of an Oracle VM Server, Oracle VM Manager
obtains information about the server, its network connectivity and any storage that is already attached to the
server. Depending on your hardware and networking configuration, external storage may be automatically
detected during discovery of Oracle VM Servers. This is always the case with local OCFS2 storage on an Oracle
VM Server.
While storage can be automatically discovered during the process of discovering Oracle VM Servers, you may
need to perform storage discovery for resources that are not already attached to any of your Oracle VM Servers.
It is important that storage is configured outside of the Oracle VM environment prior to discovery. Depending on
the storage type, you can perform different storage discovery operations from within Oracle VM Manager.
dom0
An abbreviation for domain zero. The management domain with privileged access to the hardware and device
drivers. Dom0 is the first domain started at boot time. Dom0 has more privileges than domU. It can access the
hardware directly and can manage the device drivers for other domains. It can also start new domains.
See Also: control domain
domain
A configurable set of resources, including memory, virtual CPUs, network devices and disk devices, in
which virtual machines run. A domain is granted virtual resources and can be started, stopped and rebooted
independently.
See Also: dom0
See Also: domU
See Also: control domain
domU
An unprivileged domain with no direct access to the hardware or device drivers. Each domU is started by dom0.
H
high availability
High availability (HA) help ensure the uninterrupted availability of a virtual machine. If HA is configured for your
virtual machine, and if the Oracle VM Server on which it is running fails or shuts down, the virtual machine is
45
restarted on another available Oracle VM Server in the server pool. The server pool must be clustered. You must
enable high availability for both the server pool and the virtual machine.
M
multipath
The technique of creating more than one physical path between the server CPU and its storage devices. It results
in better fault tolerance and performance enhancement. Oracle VM supports multipath I/O out of the box. Oracle
VM Servers are installed with multipathing enabled because it is a requirement for SAN disks to be discovered by
Oracle VM Manager
O
OCFS2
Oracle Cluster File System (OCFS2) is a general-purpose shared-disk cluster file system for Linux capable of
providing both high performance and high availability. OCFS2 is developed by Oracle and is integrated within the
mainstream Linux kernel. OCFS2 is used within Oracle VM to facilitate clustered server pools, storage of virtual
machine images and for the purpose of allowing guests to share the same file system.
A clustered server pool always uses an OCFS2 file system to store the cluster configuration and to take
advantage of OCFS2's heartbeat facility. There are two types of heartbeats used in OCFS2 to ensure high
availability:
• The disk heartbeat: all Oracle VM Servers in the cluster write a time stamp to the server pool file system device.
• The network heartbeat: all Oracle VM Servers communicate through the network to signal to each other that
every cluster member is alive.
These heartbeat functions exist directly within the kernel and are fundamental to the clustering functionality that
Oracle VM offers for server pools. The server pool file system should be stored on a separate NFS server or on a
small LUN if possible, as OCFS2's heartbeat facility can be disturbed by intensive I/O operations taking place on
the same physical storage.
A storage repository configured on a LUN-based repository must be linked to a clustered server pool due to the
nature of the OCFS2 file system. As a result, LUN-based repositories cannot be shared between multiple server
pools, although it is possible to move an OCFS2 repository from one server pool to another.
For more information on OCFS2, please refer to https://oss.oracle.com/projects/ocfs2/.
Oracle VM Manager
Oracle VM Manager is the management platform, which offers an easy-to-use, web-browser interface as well as
a command-line interface (CLI). Oracle VM Manager tracks and manages the resources available in your virtual
environment and allows you to easily manage Oracle VM Server pools. Oracle VM Manager lets you manage the
virtual machine life cycle, including creating virtual machines from templates or from installation media, deleting,
powering off, uploading, deployment and live migration of virtual machines. Oracle VM Manager also lets you
manage resources including ISO files, templates and shared virtual disks.
Oracle VM Server
A self-contained virtualization environment designed to provide a lightweight, secure, server-based platform for
running virtual machines. The Oracle VM Server comprises a hypervisor and a privileged domain (called dom0)
that allow multiple domains or guest operation systems (such as Linux, Solaris, and Windows) to run on one
physical machine. Includes Oracle VM Agent to enable communication with Oracle VM Manager.
The Oracle VM Server for x86 incorporates an open source Xen hypervisor component, which has been
customized and optimized to integrate into the larger, Oracle - developed virtualization server. The Oracle
46
VM Server for x86 is also responsible for access and security management and generally acts as the server
administrative entity, because the hypervisor’s role is limited.
On Oracle VM Server for SPARC systems, the SPARC hypervisor is built into the SPARC firmware and is
generally referred to as the Logical Domains Manager (LDOM). As with the Xen hypervisor, each virtual machine
is securely executed on a single computer and runs its own guest Oracle Solaris operating system
S
server pool
Logically an autonomous region that contains one or more physical Oracle VM Servers. Presents a unified view
of the storage where the virtual machines reside, and groups the users of these virtual machines into a single
community called a group, in which each user is a server pool member.
Each server pool can have up to 32 physical servers. Each Oracle VM Server can be a member of only one
server pool. The server pool is the operational unit of Oracle VM. Policies are configured and enforced at the
server pool level.
A minimum cluster of three Oracle VM Server nodes in each server pool is strongly recommended for high
availability. If one node in the cluster experiences a hardware failure or is shut down for maintenance, failover
redundancy is preserved with the other two nodes. Having a third node in the cluster also provides reserve
capacity for production load requirements.
V
virtual appliance
A package created as a single .ova (Open Virtualization Format Archive) file or a set of .ovf (Open Virtualization
Format) and .img (disk image) files. Virtual appliances contain one or more virtual machines and include the
virtual disks and the inter-connectivity between the virtual machines.
In previous releases, virtual appliances were known as assemblies.
virtual machine (VM)
A guest operating system and the associated application software that runs within Oracle VM Server. May be
paravirtualized or hardware virtualized machines. Multiple virtual machines can run on the same Oracle VM
Server.
virtual machine template
A template of a virtual machine. Contains basic configuration information such as the number of CPUs, memory
size, hard disk size, and network interface card (NIC). Create virtual machines based on a virtual machine
template using Oracle VM Manager.
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