TB8100 Installation And Operation Manual Manuals/TB8100 Inst Ops Jul 05

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Installation and Operation Manual
Tait Contact Information
Contents
Preface
1 Description
- 1.1 The TB8100 BSS Modules
- 1.2 Mechanical Assembly
2 Circuit Description
3 Operating Controls
4 Functional Description
5 Installation
6 Replacing Modules
7 Connection
8 Preparation for Operation
9 Maintenance Guide
Glossary
Tait General Software Licence Agreement
Directive 1999/5/EC Declaration of Conformity

TB8100 base station

Installation and

Operation Manual

MBA-00005-06

Issue 6

June 2005

2TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual

Tait Contact Information

Tait Radio Communications

Corporate Head Office

Tait Electronics Ltd

P.O. Box 1645

Christchurch

New Zealand

For the address and telephone number of

regional offices, refer to the TaitWorld

website:

We b si t e: http://www.taitworld.com

Technical Support

For assistance with specific technical issues,

contact Technical Support:

E-mail: support@taitworld.com

Web si te: http://support.taitworld.com

To our European customers:

Tait Electronics Limited is an environmentally responsible company which

supports waste minimization and material recovery. The European Union's

Waste and Electrical and Electronic Equipment Directive requires that this

product be disposed of separately from the general waste stream when its

service life is over. Please be environmentally responsible and dispose

through the original supplier, your local municipal waste “separate

collection” service, or contact Tait Electronics Limited.

TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual 3

Contents

Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Scope of Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Enquiries and Comments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Updates of Manual and Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Copyright . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Disclaimer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Document Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Associated Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Publication Record . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

1 Description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

1.1 The TB8100 BSS Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

1.2 Mechanical Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

2 Circuit Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

2.1 Reciter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

2.2 PA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

2.3 PMU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

2.4 Control Panel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

3 Operating Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

3.1 Control Panel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

3.1.1 Standard Control Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

3.1.2 Dual Base Station Control Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

3.1.3 Power Save Control Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

3.2 Reciter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

3.3 PA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

3.4 PMU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

4 Functional Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

4.1 Base Station System Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

4.1.1 Single Base Station System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

4.1.2 Dual Base Station System. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

4.1.3 Single and Dual 12V PA Base Station Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

4.2 System Control Bus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

4.3 Signal Path . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

4.4 Power Distribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

4.5 PMU Operation on DC Input. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

4.6 Data, Control and Monitoring Paths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

4TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual

4.7 Fan Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

4.8 Power Saving. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

4.8.1 Power Saving Measures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

4.8.2 Power Saving Modes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

4.8.3 Overview of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

4.8.4 Using the Service Kit with Power Save Base Stations . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63

4.8.5 Configuring Receiver Gating for Base Stations with Power Save. . . . . 65

5 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

5.1 Personal Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

5.1.1 Lethal Voltages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

5.1.2 Explosive Environments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

5.1.3 Proximity to RF Transmissions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

5.1.4 High Temperatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

5.2 Equipment Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

5.2.1 ESD Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

5.2.2 Antenna Load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

5.2.3 Equipment Grounding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

5.2.4 Installation and Servicing Personnel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

5.3 Regulatory Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

5.3.1 Distress Frequencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

5.3.2 FCC Compliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

5.3.3 Unauthorised Modifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

5.3.4 Health, Safety and Electromagnetic Compatibility in Europe. . . . . . . . 76

5.4 Environmental Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

5.4.1 Operating Temperature Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

5.4.2 Humidity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

5.4.3 Dust and Dirt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

5.5 Grounding and Lightning Protection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

5.5.1 Electrical Ground . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

5.5.2 Lightning Ground. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

5.6 Recommended Tools. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

5.7 Ventilation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78

5.7.1 Ambient Air Temperature Sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78

5.7.2 Cabinet and Rack Ventilation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78

5.8 Installing the Base Station System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

5.8.1 Unpacking the Equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

5.8.2 Mounting the Subrack. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

5.8.3 Auxiliary Support Bracket . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

5.8.4 Optional Slide Mounting Rails . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84

5.8.5 Cabling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84

6 Replacing Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87

6.1 Saving the Base Station’s Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87

6.2 Preliminary Disassembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

6.3 Replacing the Control Panel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89

TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual 5

6.4 Replacing the Reciter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90

6.5 Replacing the Power Amplifier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92

6.6 Replacing the Power Management Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93

6.7 Replacing the Front Panel Fans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94

6.8 Replacing the Module Guide Rails . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97

6.9 Replacing the Subrack Interconnect Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98

6.10 Final Reassembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101

7 Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .103

7.1 Overview of Inputs and Outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103

7.2 Power Supply Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110

7.2.1 AC Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110

7.2.2 DC Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110

7.2.3 Auxiliary DC Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112

7.3 RF Connections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115

7.4 System Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116

7.4.1 Digital Interface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117

7.4.2 System Interface Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118

7.5 Service Kit Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123

7.6 Microphone Connection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124

7.7 12V PA Power Saving Control Connection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124

8 Preparation for Operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .127

8.1 Tuning. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127

8.2 Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127

8.3 Applying Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128

8.4 Test Transmissions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129

9 Maintenance Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .131

Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .133

Tait General Software Licence Agreement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .141

Directive 1999/5/EC Declaration of Conformity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .143

6TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual

Preface

Scope of Manual

Welcome to the TB8100 base station system Installation and Operation

Manual. This manual provides information on installing and operating the

TB8100 hardware. Also included in this manual are a high level circuit

description, a functional description and a maintenance guide.

The 100W PA is not available in all markets. A lower power level is also

available if required. Consult your nearest Tait Dealer or Customer Service

Organisation for more information.

Enquiries and Comments

If you have any enquiries regarding this manual, or any comments,

suggestions and notifications of errors, please contact Technical Support

(refer to “Tait Contact Information” on page 2).

Updates of Manual and Equipment

In the interests of improving the performance, reliability or servicing of the

equipment, Tait Electronics Ltd reserves the right to update the equipment

or this manual or both without prior notice.

All information contained in this manual is the property of Tait Electronics

Ltd. All rights are reserved. This manual may not, in whole or in part, be

copied, photocopied, reproduced, translated, stored, or reduced to any

electronic medium or machine-readable form, without prior written

permission from Tait Electronics Ltd. All trade names referenced are the

service mark, trademark or registered trademark of the respective

manufacturers.

Disclaimer

There are no warranties extended or granted by this manual. Tait

Electronics Ltd accepts no responsibility for damage arising from use of the

information contained in the manual or of the equipment and software it

describes. It is the responsibility of the user to ensure that use of such

TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual 7

information, equipment and software complies with the laws, rules and

regulations of the applicable jurisdictions.

Document Conventions

“File > Open” means “click File on the menu bar, then click Open on the

list of commands that pops up”. “Monitor > Module Details > Reciter”

means “click the Monitor icon on the toolbar, then in the navigation pane

find the Module Details group, and select Reciter from it”.

Within this manual, four types of alerts are given to the reader: Warning,

Caution, Important and Note. The following paragraphs illustrate each type

of alert and its associated symbol.

Warning!! This alert is used when there is a potential risk

of death or serious injury.

Caution This alert is used when there is a risk of minor or

moderate injury to people.

Important This alert is used to warn about the risk of equipment dam-

age or malfunction.

Note This alert is used to highlight information that is required to

ensure procedures are performed correctly.

Associated Documentation

TB8100 Installation Guide (a subset of this manual).

TB8100 Service Manual.

TB8100 Specifications Manual.

TB8100 Service Kit and Alarm Center User’s Manuals and online Help.

TB8100 Calibration Kit User’s Manual and online Help.

Technical notes are published from time to time to describe applications for

Tait products, to provide technical details not included in manuals, and to

offer solutions for any problems that arise.

All available TB8100 product documentation is provided on the Product

CD supplied with the base station. Updates may also be published on the

Tait Technical Support website (http://support.taitworld.com).

8TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual

Publication Record

Issue Publication Date Description

1 June 2003 First release

2 March 2004 Chapter 4 “Functional Description” added

3 September 2004

(MBA-00005-03)

information added for 24VDC and 48VDC

PMU, TaitNet RS-232 system interface board,

and B-band & C-band equipment

4 December 2004 information added for K-band equipment;

improved description of PMU auxiliary DC

power supply, and system interface inputs and

outputs

5 March 2005 information added for 12V PA, and L-band

equipment (850MHz to 960MHz); improved

description of dual base station systems

6 June 2005 ■information added about PMU operation

on DC input

■corrections to K-band and L-band

frequenciesa

■minor corrections and additions

a. Refer to “Frequency Bands and Sub-bands” on page 16 for the actual frequency cov-

erage in these bands.

TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual Description 9

1 Description

The TB8100 is a software-controlled base station system (BSS) which is

designed for operation on most standard frequency ranges1. It makes

extensive use of digital and DSP technology. Many operating parameters

such as channel spacing, audio bandwidth, signalling, etc. are controlled by

software. It is also capable of generating alarms for remote monitoring.

The TB8100 BSS comprises a number of separate modules. Each module

is inserted into the TB8100 4U subrack from the front and is secured at the

front with a metal clamp. Both clamp and module are easily removed for

rapid module replacement. The modules are secured laterally with plastic

guides which clip into the top and bottom of the subrack. These guides can

be easily repositioned to change the configuration of a subrack. The heavier

modules are also secured laterally by metal tabs at the rear of the subrack.

All modules are interconnected at the front of the subrack. The only

connections at the rear of the subrack are:

■RF input from and output to the antenna

■external frequency reference input

■AC and/or DC power supply input

■auxiliary DC output (optional)

■system inputs and outputs (via the optional system interface board fitted

to the reciter).

The TB8100 BSS features rugged construction with generous heatsinks and

fan-forced cooling for continuous operation from –30°C to +60°C (–22°F

to +140°F). Several different configurations are possible. The most

common are:

■one 5W or 50W base station plus accessory modules or extra receivers

■two 5W or 50W base stations

■one 100W base station plus accessory modules or extra receivers.

1. Consult your nearest Tait Dealer or Customer Service Organisation for

information on the most suitable equipment for your area and application.

10 Description TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual

1.1 The TB8100 BSS Modules

The modules which make up the TB8100 BSS are described briefly below.

You can find more detailed information on these modules in the other

chapters in this manual, and also in the service manual.

Reciter The receiver, exciter and digital

control circuitry is located in the

reciter module. It also incorporates an

optional system interface board which

provides standard system inputs and

outputs.

Power Amplifier The power amplifier (PA) amplifies the RF output from the reciter and is

available in 5W, 50W and 100W models.

The 5W and 50W models mount vertically in the subrack, while the 100W

model mounts horizontally as it has a wider heatsink. The 100W PA is also

fitted with an airflow duct.

All three models of PA are designed to operate on the 28VDC output

provided by the TB8100 power management unit. In addition, 5W and

50W models are available for operation on 12VDC. These two 12V PAs

are fitted with an internal boost regulator board, which converts the 12V

nominal DC input to a 28VDC output to power the PA circuit boards. The

boost regulator board also provides a 12VDC output to power the reciter.

5/50W PA 100W PA

TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual Description 11

Power

Management Unit The power management unit (PMU)

provides the 28VDC power supply for

the modules in the TB8100 BSS. The

input voltage can be AC, DC or both

AC and DC, depending on the

model. An auxiliary DC output is

also available when the optional

power supply board is fitted. This

board is available with an output of

13.65VDC, 27.3VDC, or 54.6VDC.

Front Panel The TB8100 front panel is mounted onto the subrack with two quick-

release fasteners. It incorporates the cooling fans for the PA and PMU.

Control Panel The TB8100 control panel is

mounted onto the subrack and is

accessible through an opening in the

front panel. The control panel

provides the user with hardware

controls and connections for direct

control of the BSS. Three models are

available: standard, dual base station,

and Power Save.

Subrack The TB8100 4U subrack is made of passivated steel and is designed to fit

into a standard 19 inch rack or cabinet.

AC and DC PMU shown

standard control panel shown

12 Description TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual

Calibration Test Unit The TB8100 calibration test unit

(CTU) provides a selection of inputs

and outputs which allows the TB8100

BSS to be connected to standard test

equipment, and also to a PC running

the Service Kit or Calibration Kit

software. Refer to TN-778 for more

details.

1.2 Mechanical Assembly

The main mechanical components of the TB8100 BSS are shown in the

following illustrations.

The front panel can be easily removed from the subrack by undoing two

quick-release fasteners. Once the front panel is removed, the control panel

Figure 1.1 Mechanical assembly - front panel, fans and control panel

bfront panel iairflow separator

cPMU fan jcable retaining clip

dPA fan 1) subrack

ePMU fan duct 1! reciter

fPA fan duct 1@ plastic guide rail

gPMU 1# module retaining clamp

hPA 1$ control panel

defghij

single 5W or 50W base station shown

TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual Description 13

can also be removed from the subrack by undoing a single screw. Refer to

“Replacing Modules” on page 87 for more details.

Note Figure 1.1 shows the cooling fans and their ducts detached from

the front panel only for the clarity of the illustration. The cooling

fans and ducts are normally screwed to the rear of the front panel.

Figure 1.1 also shows the configuration for a typical single 5W or 50W base

station. The PMU occupies the slot at the left end of the subrack, with the

PA directly beside it. The single reciter normally occupies the second slot

from the right of the subrack.

The single PA is mounted vertically with the heatsink facing the centre of

the subrack. This positions the cooling fins directly behind the PA fan. The

airflow separator is fitted directly beside the PA to help direct the cooling

airflow through the heatsink.

Figure 1.2 above shows the configuration for a typical dual 5W or 50W base

station. The PMU occupies its normal slot at the left end of the subrack,

with the reciters in the two right-hand slots.

The two PAs are mounted vertically in the middle of the subrack with the

heatsinks facing each other. This positions the cooling fins directly behind

Figure 1.2 Mechanical assembly - dual 5W or 50W base station

bPMU freciter for base station 1

cPA for base station 1 greciter for base station 2

dairflow separator hsubrack

ePA for base station 2

bcdef

14 Description TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual

the PA fan. The airflow separator between the PAs helps to direct the

cooling airflow evenly through each heatsink.

Note The configuration for single and dual 12V PA base stations is the

same as shown in Figure 1.1 and Figure 1.2, but the PMU and its

cooling fan are not fitted.

Figure 1.3 above shows the configuration for a typical single 100W base

station. The PMU occupies its normal slot at the left end of the subrack,

with the PA directly beside it. The single reciter occupies the slot

immediately to the right of the PA.

Unlike the 5W and 50W PAs, the 100W PA is mounted horizontally with

the heatsink facing upwards. It is also fitted with an airflow duct to channel

the airflow from the cooling fan through the heatsink fins.

Figure 1.3 Mechanical assembly - single 100W base station

bPMU fmodule retaining clamp

cPA gplastic guide rail

dairflow duct hsubrack

ereciter icable retaining clip

bcdef

TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual Circuit Description 15

2 Circuit Description

Figure 2.1 below shows a typical TB8100 dual base station system of 5W or

50W. It illustrates the main inputs and outputs for power, RF and control

signals, as well as the interconnection between modules. The circuitry of

the individual modules that make up the BSS is described in more detail in

the following sections.

Figure 2.1 Dual base station system high level block diagram

Reciter 2

Reciter 1

PMU

PA 2

PA 1

System Control Bus

RF From

Antenna

Base Station 2 *located on subrack

interconnect board

Base Station 1

RF To

Antenna

RF To

Antenna

System I/O

External Reference

Frequency

(if used)

RF From

Antenna

System I/O

External Reference

Frequency

AC I/P

DC I/P

28VDC

(low current)

Control

Panel

Cooling

Fans

Microphone I/P

Rotation

Sensor

RS-232

RF +

PA Key

RF +

PA Key

Auxiliary

DC O/P

(Optional)

28VDC

(high current)

28VDC

(high current)

I C Current

Source

I C Current

Source*

16 Circuit Description TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual

Frequency Bands

and Sub-bands Much of the circuitry in the TB8100 base station modules is common to

both VHF and UHF frequency bands, and is therefore covered by a single

description in this manual. Where the circuitry differs between VHF and

UHF, separate descriptions are provided for each frequency band. In some

cases the descriptions refer to specific VHF or UHF bands or sub-bands, and

these are identified with the letters listed in the following table.

2.1 Reciter

The reciter comprises three boards: an RF, a digital, and an optional system

interface board. These boards are mounted on a central chassis/heatsink.

Figure 2.2 on page 18 shows the configuration of the main circuit blocks,

and the main inputs and outputs for power, RF and control signals.

Receiver RF -

VHF Reciter The incoming RF signal is fed through a low pass filter, then through a

band-pass “doublet” filter, and finally through a high-pass filter. The signal

is then amplified and passed through another band-pass “doublet” filter

before being passed to the mixer, where it is converted down to the

16.9MHz IF (intermediate frequency). A VCO (voltage controlled

oscillator) provides a +17dBm input to the mixer, and a diplexer terminates

the mixer IF port in 50 Ω.. The signal from the mixer is fed through a 2-pole

crystal filter to the IF amplifier which provides enough gain to drive the

digital receiver. Note that there are two 2-pole crystal filters, one for narrow

bandwidth and one for wide bandwidth. The appropriate filter is selected

by software-controlled PIN switches, according to the bandwidth selected

Frequency

Identification Frequency Band and Sub-band

VHF

B band B1 = 136MHz to 174MHz

B2 = 136MHz to 156MHz

B3 = 148MHz to 174MHz

C band C0 = 174MHz to 225MHz

C1 = 174MHz to 193MHz

C2 = 193MHz to 225MHz

UHF

H band H0 = 400MHz to 520MHz

H1 = 400MHz to 440MHz

H2 = 440MHz to 480MHz

H3 = 470MHz to 520MHz

K band K4 = 762MHz to 870MHza

a. The actual frequency coverage in this band is:

Transmit: 762MHz to 776MHz, and 850MHz to 870MHz

Receive: 792MHz to 824MHz

L Band L0 = 850MHz to 960MHz

L1 = 852MHz to 854MHz, and 928MHz to 930MHz

L2 = 896MHz to 902MHz (receive only)

L2 = 927MHz to 941MHz (transmit only)

TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual Circuit Description 17

in the Service Kit software. The signal is finally passed to the ADC

(analogue-to-digital converter) in the digital receiver via an anti-alias filter.

Receiver RF -

UHF Reciter The incoming RF signal is fed through a band-pass filter, followed by a

simple low-pass network. It then passes through further stages of filtering,

amplification and AGC1 (automatic gain control) before being fed to the

mixer where it is converted down to the 70.1MHz IF (intermediate

frequency). A VCO (voltage controlled oscillator) provides a +17dBm

input to the mixer, and a diplexer terminates the mixer IF port in 50Ω.. The

signal from the mixer is fed through a 4-pole crystal filter to the IF amplifier

which provides enough gain to drive the digital receiver. The signal is finally

passed to the ADC (analogue-to-digital converter) in the digital receiver via

an anti-alias filter.

Exciter RF Audio signals from the line or microphone input are fed to the exciter RF

circuitry via the DSP (digital signal processor) and CODECs (encoder/

decoder). These modulating signals are applied to the exciter at two points

(dual point modulation): low frequency modulation is via the FCL

(frequency control loop), which modulates the exciter synthesizer’s

frequency reference, and speech band modulation is supplied directly to the

VCO.

The VCO is phase-locked to the frequency reference via the synthesizer.

The output from the VCO passes through the VCO buffer to the exciter

amplifier, which increases the RF signal to +20dBm. This signal is then

attenuated through a pad to +11dBm. An 8VDC PA Key signal is mixed

in with the RF signal which is then fed to the PA.

The K-band and L-band reciters use two VCOs, with the appropriate VCO

stage being selected for operation according to the frequency of the channel

in use. Only one VCO can be operational at any one time.

Digital Circuitry The IF from the receiver RF circuitry is passed through an ADC and a DDC

(digital downconverter) to the DSP. The DSP provides demodulation, RSSI

calculation, SINAD calculations, muting, and decoding of subaudible

signals. Audio and RSSI from the DSP is passed via CODECs to the system

interface board.

Incoming audio from the system interface board or microphone is passed to

the exciter RF circuitry via the DSP and CODECs. The DSP provides the

audio characteristics, generates subaudible signals (e.g. DCS, CTCSS), and

controls the CODECs for line audio input.

1. AGC is available in H-band reciters only. It can be disabled using the Serv-

ice Kit software.

18 Circuit Description TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual

Control Circuitry The RISC controls the operating functions of the reciter and provides the

interface to the outside world. Some of the functions it controls are:

■Tx key and Rx gate

■communications to the system interface board

■digital input from the system interface board

■communication with the other modules in the TB8100 BSS via the I2C

bus

■communications with the Service Kit software.

Figure 2.2 Reciter high level block diagram

DSP

CODEC

40MHz

Clock

Receiver

Exciter

Synthesizer

Subsystem

Reference

Frequency

Subsystem

Digital

Receiver

Power

Supply

Power

Supply

RISC

DSP/RISC

CODECs

12.8MHz

Ref.

RF I/P

28VDC I/P

28V

28V 5V

3.3V

8.5V

RF O/P +

PA Key Audio

System

Control Bus System I/O

Digital

Receiver

Audio &

RSSI

Control &

Communications

Control &

Communications

Modulation

& Frequency

Control

Control &

Communications

External

Reference

Frequency

(if used)

RF Board Digital Board

System

Interface

Board

TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual Circuit Description 19

System Interface

Board The reciter can be fitted with an optional system interface board which

provides the links between the reciter’s internal circuitry and external

equipment. The circuitry on the system interface board provides additional

signal processing so that the outputs meet standard system requirements.

Several different types of system interface board are available, although only

one board can be fitted to a reciter at any one time. Each system interface

board can identify itself to the reciter control circuitry.

Power Supply The reciter operates off a +28 VDC (nominal) supply. The supply is fed to

two separate power supplies, one on the RF board and a second on the

digital board. The power supply on the RF board also powers some of the

circuitry on the system interface board.

The power supply on the RF board provides 5.3V and 8.5V regulated

supplies. This 5.3V supply is boosted to 23V and also provides a 3.3V

regulated supply. The power supply on the digital board provides 3.3V and

5.3V regulated supplies. It is also fed through to provide a 2.5V supply.

2.2 PA

The TB8100 PA is a modular design with the circuitry divided among

separate boards which are assembled in different configurations in different

models. Interconnect boards are used in certain models to connect boards

that are physically separated on the heatsink. The 5W, 50W and 100W PAs

are available for operation on 28VDC, while the 5W and 50W PAs are also

available for operation on 12VDC. Figure 2.3 on page 21 shows the

configurations of a 100W 28V PA and a 50W 12V PA, along with the main

inputs and outputs for power, RF and control signals.

RF Circuitry The RF output from the reciter is fed first to the 6W board. In the 100W

model shown in Figure 2.3, the output from the 6W board is fed into a

–3dB hybrid coupler on a separate splitter board and then to two 60W

boards in quadrature. The outputs from these two boards are then combined

by another –3dB hybrid coupler on a separate combiner board before being

fed to the low-pass filter (LPF)/directional coupler board.

In the 50W model, the output from the 6W board is fed to one 60W board

and then to the LPF/directional coupler board. In the 5W model, the

output from the 6W board is fed directly to the LPF/directional coupler

board.

Control Circuitry The microprocessor located on the control board monitors and controls the

operation of the PA. There are no manual adjustments in the PA because

all the calibration voltages and currents required to control and protect the

PA are monitored by the microprocessor. The software also automatically

detects the PA configuration and controls the PA accordingly.

20 Circuit Description TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual

If any of the monitored conditions exceeds its normal range of values, the

microprocessor will generate an alarm and reduce the output power to a

preset level (foldback). If the measured values do not return within the

normal range after foldback, the PA will be shut down.

The alarms and diagnostic functions are accessed through I2C bus messages

on the system control bus via the reciter, control panel and Service Kit

software. Some measurements are logged by the microprocessor and this

information can also be accessed through the system control bus.

The operation of the cooling fan mounted on the front panel is determined

by the temperature limits set in the PA software. If two PAs are fitted in a

TB8100 subrack, either PA will turn on the fan when required.

Power Supply The 100W PA operates off a 28VDC external power supply only, while the

5W and 50W PAs can operate off a 28VDC or 12VDC external power

supply, depending on the model. The 12V PAs are fitted with an internal

boost regulator board (refer to “Boost Regulator” below).

The PA also has four internal power supplies which produce –3, +2.5, +5

and +10VDC.

Boost Regulator 5W and 50W 12V PAs are fitted with a boost regulator board. Figure 2.3

on page 21 shows the configuration for a 50W PA, along with the main

inputs and outputs for power, RF and control signals. Note that the 60W

board is only fitted to the 50W PA.

The boost regulator board accepts an input of 12VDC nominal. The input

is firstly fed through the DC input filter, and then through an output filter

and switch which is controlled by a battery control circuit. This output is

fed to the reciter, which operates from 12VDC instead of the standard

28VDC provided when a PMU is used. The output from the DC input

filter is also fed to the power stage where the voltage is boosted to 28VDC,

and is then fed through an output filter to provide the 28VDC output for

the PA circuit boards.

The battery control circuitry monitors the DC input voltage from the

battery. Protection is provided against the wrong input voltage being

supplied. Reverse polarity protection is provided by a diode between

positive and ground, and requires a user-provided fuse or circuit breaker in

series with the DC input line. The fuse or circuit breaker should be rated

at 15A to 18A at 30VDC.

The startup voltage is 12VDC or higher. Once started, the boost regulator

will operate down to 10.25VDC ±0.25V before it shuts down to prevent

deep discharge of the battery.

TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual Circuit Description 21

Figure 2.3 PA high level block diagrams

Board

Control Board

Boost Regulator

60W

Board

Ambient Air

Temperature

Sensor

Board

Low-Pass

Filter

Directional

Coupler

Board

RF I/P +

PA Key RF O/P

12VDC

I/P

12VDC O/P

(Reciter)

28VDC28VDC

RF RF

Control &

Monitor

Control &

Monitor

Control &

Monitor

System

Control

Bus

Board

Control Board

60W

Board

60W

Board

Ambient Air

Temperature

Sensor

Board

Splitter

Board

Combiner

Board

Low-Pass

Filter

Directional

Coupler

Board

RF I/P +

PA Key RF O/P

28VDC

I/P

RF RF RF RF

RF RF

Control &

Monitor

Control &

Monitor

Control &

Monitor

System

Control

Bus

100W 28V PA

50W 12V PA

22 Circuit Description TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual

2.3 PMU

The TB8100 PMU provides stable, low-noise 28VDC outputs to power the

TB8100 BSS. The PMU is made up of a number of individual boards and

cards which comprise two main modules, the AC module and the DC

module. The standby power supply card and auxiliary power supply board

are optional. Figure 2.4 shows the configuration for an AC and DC PMU,

along with the main inputs and outputs for power and control signals.

The PMU is available in three main configurations:

■AC PMU (AC input only)

■DC PMU (DC input only)

■AC and DC PMU (both AC and DC converters are fitted to allow both

AC and DC inputs).

AC Module The AC module accepts an input of 115/230VAC 50/60Hz nominal. The

input is fed via the PFC (power factor control) input stage to the HVDC

(high voltage DC) stage on the AC converter board. The HVDC circuitry

generates the final 28VDC outputs and provides galvanic isolation between

the mains input and DC output. The output stage on the AC converter

board provides a common output filter and current monitoring circuit

which is used by both AC and DC modules.

Each power stage is controlled by its own plug-in control card. The

microprocessor is also located on the HVDC control card. The

microprocessor is used by both the AC and DC modules and is fitted to all

PMU models.

The leaded high-power components are situated on the AC converter

board, while the plug-in cards have only SMD control components.

DC Module The DC module accepts an input of 12VDC, 24VDC or 48VDC nominal

(depending on the model). The input is fed through the DC input filter to

the input of the power stage on the DC converter board. This circuitry

provides PWM (pulse width modulation) conversion to produce the final

DC output. It also provides galvanic isolation, allowing the DC input to be

positive or negative ground. The final DC output is fed back to the output

stage on the AC convertor board.

The battery control card monitors the DC input voltage and prevents the

PMU from starting if an incorrect input voltage is applied. It also operates

as a fail-safe to prevent deep discharge of the battery, and provides

information to the microprocessor to allow the Service Kit software to

display information about the battery.

The DC control card controls the power stage of the DC converter. It also

provides protection from overload and short circuit conditions.

TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual Circuit Description 23

The leaded high-power components are situated on the DC converter

board, while the plug-in cards have only SMD control components.

Standby Power

Supply This optional power supply card plugs into the DC converter board and

provides power to the reciter output. This allows the main DC unit to be

switched off to reduce current consumption in low-power situations, e.g.

when the PA is not transmitting. Also, when battery capacity is low, it will

maintain the power supply to the microprocessor and shut down the rest of

the PMU. This card must be fitted to enable the software-controlled power

Figure 2.4 PMU high level block diagram

PFC

Circuitry

PFC

Control

Card

DC Input

Filter

Card

Control

Card

Auxiliary

Power Supply

Board*

Battery

Control

Card

Standby

Power Supply

Card*

HVDC Control &

Microprocessor

Card

HVDC Circuitry

DC Converter Board

28V

28V O/P (PA)

System

Control Bus

28V O/P (Reciter)

AC I/P

115/230V

50/60Hz 400VDC

DC I/P

12/24/48V

28V

DC O/P

13.65/27.3/54.6V

*optional

AC Converter Board

AC Module

DC Module

24 Circuit Description TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual

saving feature to operate. Refer to “Power Saving” on page 57 for more

information.

Auxiliary Power

Supply This optional power supply board is mounted on the DC module. The

input power is provided from the PA output of the HVDC circuitry on the

AC converter board. It provides a high quality 13.65VDC, 27.3VDC or

54.6VDC output (depending on the model) to power external accessory

equipment, or can be used to trickle-charge batteries. It can be configured

using the Service Kit software to operate whenever mains voltage is

available, or whenever the PA output is available.

Microprocessor The microprocessor on the HVDC control card monitors and controls the

operation of the PMU. There are no manual adjustments in the PMU

because all the calibration voltages and currents required to control and

protect the PMU are monitored by the microprocessor. The software also

automatically detects the PMU configuration and controls the PMU

accordingly.

If any of the monitored conditions exceeds its normal range of values, the

microprocessor will generate an alarm and take appropriate action,

depending on the configuration of the PMU.

The alarms and diagnostic functions are accessed through I2C bus messages

on the system control bus via the reciter, control panel and Service Kit

software.

The operation of the cooling fan mounted on the front panel is determined

by the temperature limits set in the PMU software.

Important In base station systems which use a PMU, the PMU must

be connected to the system control bus at all times. The

I2C current source is located in the PMU, and if the PMU

is disconnected, the state of much of the bus will be unde-

fined. This may cause corrupted data to be present on the

bus when the reciter reads the states of the switches on the

control panel. This in turn may result in random actuations

of microphone PTT, carrier, or speaker key, causing the

BSS to transmit or the speaker to be actuated incorrectly.

2.4 Control Panel

The control panel is designed to be the link between the user and the

TB8100 BSS. The circuitry for the operation of the control panel is located

on a board mounted behind its front face. All communication between the

BSS and the control panel is via the system control bus. Figure 2.5 on

page 25 shows the configuration of the main circuit blocks, and the main

inputs and outputs for power, audio and control signals for the standard,

dual base station, and Power Save control panels.

TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual Circuit Description 25

Figure 2.5 Control panel high level block diagram

Translation

RS-232

Translation

Microphone

Pre-emphasis

& Gain Control

Speaker

Volume &

Gain Control

LEDs &

Switches

Control

Panel Type

Microphone

Connector

Speaker

Fan Inputs

RS-232

Connector

Power

Supply

Microphone Audio

System

Control Bus

Speaker

Enable

Speaker Audio

I C Bus

28V, GND

Fan Power & GND

Open Collector RS-232 RS-232 Bus

Channel Select (dual base station only)

Translation

RS-232

Translation

LEDs

Control

Panel Type

Fan Inputs

RS-232

Connector

Power

Supply

System

Control Bus

Full Power On

Power Save On

I C Bus

28V, GND

Fan Power & GND

Open Collector RS-232 RS-232 Bus

Standard and Dual Base Station Control Panels

Power Save Control Panel

26 Circuit Description TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual

Control Circuitry The control panel board translates:

■I2C messages from the reciter into an appropriate response on the LEDs

■control panel key inputs and fan rotation inputs from both fans into

appropriate I2C messages

■RS-232 communications from the programming port into 0V to 5V

open-collector signals which can feed from and drive up to six reciters.

Note When a reciter fitted with a TaitNet RS-232 system interface

board is used in a TB8100 BSS, the RS-232 port on the control

panel is disabled. In this situation you must connect to the

RS-232 port at the rear of the reciter. Refer to “TaitNet

RS-232” on page 122 for more details.

Audio Circuitry The standard and dual base station control panels provide a volume knob to

control the volume of the speaker. In addition, the control panel circuitry

performs gain control so that the power output into a 16Ω speaker is ≥0.5W

at the maximum position of the knob, with an input of 167mVpp.

Power Supply The control panel operates off a +28VDC (nominal) power supply provided

by the reciter. The power supply for the cooling fans mounted on the front

panel is fed through the control panel.

TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual Operating Controls 27

3 Operating Controls

The TB8100 BSS has a number of hardware controls which are available to

the user. These controls are located on the control panel, reciter and PMU.

This chapter identifies and describes these controls.

28 Operating Controls TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual

3.1 Control Panel

3.1.1 Standard Control Panel

The operating controls on the standard control panel allow some manual

control of one or two1 base stations in a TB8100 BSS. These controls and

their associated LED indicators are identified in Figure 3.1 below, and their

functions are explained in the paragraphs which follow. Refer to

“Connection” on page 103 for information on the connectors located on

the control panel.

Speaker Volume Controls the volume of the speaker mounted behind the control panel.

Rotate clockwise to increase the volume, and anticlockwise to decrease the

volume.

1. Control of two base stations will be available in a future release.

Figure 3.1 Operating controls on the standard control panel

bspeaker volume fpower LED

cspeaker button and LED gcarrier button and transmit LED

dreceive LED halarm LED

espeaker imicrophone channel button and LEDs

controls for base station 1 (reciter 1)

or single base station

controls for base station 2 (reciter 2)

(future release)

TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual Operating Controls 29

Speaker Button and

LED The speaker button cycles the base

station audio through three states. At

power-on the speaker is off. Pressing

the button once turns the speaker on,

but leaves the audio gated (muted).

Pressing the button a second time

leaves the speaker on and ungates the

audio (monitor mode). Pressing the

button for a third time returns to the

start of the sequence, with the speaker

off.

The green speaker LED is lit when the speaker is turned on.

Receive LED The green receive LED is lit when a valid signal is received on its associated

base station.

Speaker The control panel is fitted with a 0.5W speaker. Audio from either or both

base stations can be connected to this speaker.

Power LED The green power LED is lit when the PMU is turned on and supplying

power to the TB8100 BSS.

Carrier Button and

Transm i t LED The carrier button is a momentary press switch. When held down, it keys

the transmitter while disabling the 600Ω balanced and unbalanced line, and

microphone audio. The transmitted signal is unmodulated, i.e. carrier only.

The red transmit LED is lit while its associated transmitter is transmitting.

Alarm LED The red alarm LED will flash at a rate of 2 to 5Hz when an alarm has been

generated by any of the TB8100 BSS modules. It will continue to flash until

the alarm is cancelled or the fault is fixed. Note that only those alarms

which are enabled using the Service Kit (Configure > Alarms > Alarm

Control) will cause this LED to flash. Refer to the Service Kit

documentation for more information.

power on

speaker off

speaker on,

audio gated

speaker on,

audio ungated press

press

30 Operating Controls TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual

Microphone

Channel Button and

LEDs

The microphone channel button

selects which base station (BS) the

microphone is connected to. At

power-on both base stations are

selected. Pressing the button once

will connect the microphone audio to

base station 1. Pressing the button a

second time will connect the audio to

base station 2. Pressing the button for

a third time returns to the start of the

sequence, with the microphone audio

connected to both base stations.

The green LED is lit when the microphone audio is connected to its

associated base station.

3.1.2 Dual Base Station Control Panel

The operating controls on the dual base station control panel allow some

manual control of two base stations in a TB8100 BSS. These controls and

their associated LED indicators are identified in Figure 3.2 on page 31, and

their functions are explained in the paragraphs which follow. Refer to

“Connection” on page 103 for information on the connectors located on

the control panel.

Note When you change base station, the LEDs on the control panel do

not change. They continue to reflect the last changed status of the

previous base station until you press a control panel button, or the

reciter issues an instruction to update an LED. If one LED needs

to change, the status of all LEDs is updated. To overcome this

limitation, we recommend that you cycle through all three

speaker modes immediately after changing base station, finally

selecting the speaker mode you want. This forces the base station

to refresh the control panel LED display.

Speaker Volume Controls the volume of the speaker mounted behind the control panel.

Rotate clockwise to increase the volume, and anticlockwise to decrease the

volume.

Speaker Button and

LED The speaker button cycles the base

station audio through three states. At

power-on the speaker is off. Pressing

the button once turns the speaker on,

but leaves the audio gated (muted).

Pressing the button a second time

leaves the speaker on and ungates the

audio (monitor mode). Pressing the

button for a third time returns to the

start of the sequence, with the speaker

off.

power on

BS1 selected

BS1 LED on

BS2 selected

BS2 LED on

BS1 and BS2 selected

BS1 and BS2 LEDs on

press

power on

speaker off

speaker on,

audio gated

speaker on,

audio ungated press

press

TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual Operating Controls 31

The green speaker LED is lit when the speaker is turned on.

Receive LED The green receive LED is lit when a valid signal is received on the selected

base station.

Speaker The control panel is fitted with a 0.5W speaker. Audio from either base

station can be connected to this speaker.

Carrier Button and

Transmit LED The carrier button is a momentary press switch. When held down, it keys

the transmitter while disabling the 600Ω balanced and unbalanced line, and

microphone audio. The transmitted signal is unmodulated, i.e. carrier only.

The red transmit LED is lit while the selected transmitter is transmitting.

Figure 3.2 Operating controls on the dual base station control panel

bspeaker volume galarm LED

cspeaker button and LED hbase station 1 select button

dreceive LED ipower LED

espeaker jbase station 2 select button

fcarrier button and transmit LED

32 Operating Controls TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual

Alarm LED The red alarm LED will flash at a rate of 2 to 5Hz when an alarm has been

generated by any of the TB8100 BSS modules. It will continue to flash until

the alarm is cancelled or the fault is fixed. Note that only those alarms which

are enabled using the Service Kit (Configure > Alarms > Alarm Control)

will cause this LED to flash. Refer to the Service Kit documentation for

more information.

Base Station 1

Select Button Pressing this button selects base station 1. Pressing the button again while

base station 1 is selected has no effect. When the BSS is powered up, the

control panel selects base station 1.

Power LED The green power LED is lit when the PMU is turned on and supplying

power to the BSS.

Base Station 2

Select Button Pressing this button selects base station 2. Pressing the button again while

base station 2 is selected has no effect.

3.1.3 Power Save Control Panel

The indicator LEDs on the power save control panel are identified in

Figure 3.3 below.

Figure 3.3 LED indicators on the power save control panel

bpower LED calarm LED

TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual Operating Controls 33

Indicator LEDs The power LED and alarm LED behave in the same way as for the standard

control panel. Refer to “Power Saving” on page 57 for information about

the behaviour of the LEDs when in power saving mode.

3.2 Reciter

The only controls on the reciter are the rotary hex switch mounted on the

front panel, and the indicator LEDs visible through a slot in the front panel.

Hex Switch This switch is used to assign an identity number to each base station in the

BSS1. For example, the reciters in a dual base station system would be

numbered “1” and “2”. The reciter with the lowest hex number becomes

the “control” reciter. In a single base station system, the hex switch on the

reciter is set to “1”.

Indicator LEDs These LEDs provide the following information about the state of the reciter:

■steady green - the reciter is powered up

■flashing red - one or more alarms have been generated; you can use the

Service Kit software to find out more details about the alarms.

Figure 3.4 Operating controls on the reciter

bindicator LEDs chex switch

1. This feature will be available in a future release.

34 Operating Controls TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual

3.3 PA

The only controls on the PA are the indicator LEDs visible through a slot in

the front panel.

Indicator LEDs These LEDs provide the following information about the state of the PA:

■steady green - the PA is powered up

■flashing green - the PA has no application firmware loaded; you can use

the Service Kit software to download the firmware

■flashing red - one or more alarms have been generated; you can use the

Service Kit software to find out more details about the alarms.

Figure 3.5 Operating controls on the PA

bindicator LEDs

5/50W PA

100W PA

TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual Operating Controls 35

3.4 PMU

The only controls on the PMU are the on/off switches on the rear panel for

the AC and DC modules, and the indicator LEDs visible through a slot in

the front panel.

AC Module On/Off

Switch This switch turns the AC input to the PMU on and off. Note that this

switch breaks only the phase circuit, not the neutral.

DC Module On/Off

Switch This switch turns the DC output from the PMU on and off. It is recessed

to prevent the DC module being accidentally switched off, thus disabling

the battery back-up supply.

Note that this switch disables only the control circuitry - the DC input is

still connected to the power circuitry.

Warning!! These switches do not totally isolate the internal

circuitry of the PMU from the AC or DC power

supplies. You must disconnect the AC and DC

supplies from the PMU before dismantling or

carrying out any maintenance. Refer to the

service manual for the correct servicing

procedures.

Figure 3.6 Operating controls on the PMU

bAC module on/off switch dindicator LEDs

cDC module on/off switch

rear view

front view

36 Operating Controls TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual

Indicator LEDs These LEDs provide the following information about the state of the PMU:

■steady green - the PMU is powered up

■flashing green - the PMU has no application firmware loaded; you can

use the Service Kit software to download the firmware

■flashing red - one or more alarms have been generated; you can use the

Service Kit software to find out more details about the alarms.

Refer to “Indicator LEDs” on page 53 for more detailed information.

TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual Functional Description 37

4 Functional Description

This chapter describes some principles of the TB8100 BSS operation.

Information is provided on the following topics:

■base station system overview

■system control bus operation

■signal path

■power distribution

■data, control and monitoring paths

■fan control

■Power Saving.

Unless stated otherwise, the circuit descriptions are based on a single 50W

base station system. Power Saving is an optional feature, enabled by a

specific hardware and software configuration.

38 Functional Description TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual

4.1 Base Station System Overview

4.1.1 Single Base Station System

The single base station system comprises a reciter, a PA, and a PMU. The

standard control panel and single base station subrack interconnect board are

used in this type of system. Figure 4.1 below illustrates the main

communication paths. Note that the fans have power supplied from the

relevant module, with the rotation sensor alarm signal interfaced into the

control panel. This signal is processed via the reciter.

4.1.2 Dual Base Station System

In a dual base station system the second base station’s reciter and PA are

isolated from the first base station’s reciter, PA, and PMU. This is achieved

through the use of the dual base station subrack interconnect board and the

dual base station control panel. Solid state relays and control logic on the

interconnect board isolate the two base station communication channels

from each other. All other signals remain in parallel. The relays are

controlled by a key press of the base station select buttons on the control

panel.

Figure 4.1 Single base station system communication paths

Microphone

Fan

I C

2I C

I C

RS-232

Mic

Speaker

Fan

RS-232

µP

Subrack Interconnect Board

Reciter

µP

Control Panel

PMU

Fan

User

Controls

Speaker

PMU

µPI C Current

Source

TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual Functional Description 39

Note The dual base station subrack interconnect board has a set of

switches which must be set according to the type of base station

system in the subrack. Refer to “Replacing the Subrack Intercon-

nect Board” on page 98 for details of the switch settings.

The dual base station control panel imposes a number of constraints on the

operation of a TB8100 BSS. These are listed below.

Subrack ■The front panel LEDs, switches, and RS-232 interface are controlled by

the currently selected base station.

Note When you change base station, the LEDs on the control panel do

not change. They continue to reflect the last changed status of the

previous base station until you press a control panel button, or the

reciter issues an instruction to update an LED. If one LED needs

to change, the status of all LEDs is updated. To overcome this

Figure 4.2 Dual base station system communication paths

Microphone

Fan

I C

RS-232

Mic Mic

Speaker Speaker

Fan

RS-232

PA 1

µP

Subrack Interconnect Board

PA 2

µP

Reciter 1

µP

Control Panel

PMU

Fan

Reciter 2

µP

I C Current

Source

User

Controls

Speaker

Base Station

Selection

PMU

µPI C Current

Source

40 Functional Description TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual

limitation, we recommend that you cycle through all three

speaker modes immediately after changing base station, finally

selecting the speaker mode you want. This forces the base station

to refresh the control panel LED display.

■The second base station does not communicate with the PMU, but the

PMU does provide power to it.

■Email alarm outputs are only possible from the currently selected base

station1.

■PA and PMU fan rotation detection should be turned off. This is not

supported by the system control bus, which can be switched IN/OUT

based on the currently selected base station. Refer to “Fan Signals” on

page 43 for more information on fan operation.

Service Kit ■The Service Kit can only log on to the currently selected base station (1

or 2).

■On the Monitor > Module Details > Reciter screen, the Module field

will state “Reciter 1” irrespective of the base station.

■On the Monitor > Module Details > Power Amplifier screen, the

Module field will state “Power Amplifier 1” irrespective of the base

station.

■As there is no PMU on base station 2, no PMU settings for this base

station will function. This includes the PMU battery voltage display,

monitoring, diagnostics, and power management display.

■All PMU alarm LEDs on the Alarm screen of base station 2 will be grey.

■In the Configure > Base Station > Miscellaneous form for base station

2, the Power configuration areas will display voltages of zero, and

error messages will be displayed when you leave the form.

■All fan faults will not be detected, displayed, or acted on (if disabled).

■The display of fan states in Diagnostic forms may be incorrect.

■If you read a configuration from base station 2 and then go to Configure

> Alarms > Thresholds, the PMU battery voltages will be at zero. If you

want to click OK to confirm any changes to the screen, you need to re-

enter the PMU voltages. If not, just click Cancel.

Recommended

Service Kit Settings The following Service Kit settings are recommended for dual base station

operation:

■Disable the fan alarm for the PA on base stations 1 and 2.

■Disable the fan alarm for the PMU on base station 1.

■Disable Alarm Center and Email on base stations 1 and 2.

■Disable the “No PMU detected” alarm on base station 2.

1. Email alarm outputs are available from both base stations if both reciters are

fitted with a TaitNet RS-232 system interface board (refer to “TaitNet

RS-232” on page 122 for more details).

TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual Functional Description 41

4.1.3 Single and Dual 12V PA Base Station Systems

The TB8100 platform also supports the operation of one or two 12V PA

base stations in one subrack. Figure 4.3 below shows the main

communication paths in a dual 12V PA base station system. The 12V PA

base station system does not require a PMU, as the DC input is connected

directly to the 12V PA. An internal boost regulator board converts the 12V

nominal DC input to a 28VDC output to power the PA circuit boards. The

boost regulator board also provides a 12VDC output to power the reciter.

A single or dual base station control panel is fitted, according to the type of

system. However, both single and dual 12V PA base stations use the dual

base station subrack interconnect board. This board is mandatory for dual

Figure 4.3 Dual 12V PA base station system communication paths

Microphone

Power Saving Control

SIF = system interface board

Fan

I C

RS-232

Mic Mic

Speaker Speaker

RS-232

12V PA 1

µP

Subrack

Interconnect

Board

12V PA 2

µP

Reciter 1

µPSIF

Control Panel

Fan SIF

Reciter 2

µP

I C Current

Source

I C Current

Source

User

Controls

Speaker

Base Station

Selection

42 Functional Description TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual

base station operation, but is also used for single base station operation

because it provides the I2C current source normally provided by the PMU.

Note The dual base station subrack interconnect board has a set of

switches which must be set according to the type of base station

system in the subrack. Refer to “Replacing the Subrack Intercon-

nect Board” on page 98 for details of the switch settings.

Power Saving operation in a 12V PA base station requires an external

connection between the reciter and 12V PA (refer to “12V PA Power

Saving Control Connection” on page 124). For details on Power Saving in

a 12V PA base station, refer to “12V PA Operation” on page 60.

Constraints The dual base station control panel imposes the same constraints on the

operation of a dual 12V PA BSS as those described in “Service Kit” on

page 40, except that those which refer to the PMU do not apply.

In addition, because there is no PMU fitted, we recommend the following

Service Kit settings for 12V PA base station operation:

■Disable the “No PMU detected” alarm on base stations 1 and 2.

4.2 System Control Bus

The system control bus, see Figure 4.4 on page 44, provides the

communications link between the modules in the TB8100 BSS. It provides

the following physical paths:

■I2C communications between modules

■RS-232 communications between the reciter and Service Kit and

Calibration Kit software, via the control panel port

■fan power from the PA and PMU

■speaker and microphone signals to and from the control panel

■power connections for the control panel.

The system control bus has been designed so that, if a major fault occurs on

the bus, the basic operation of the base station is unaffected, but some

features will not operate correctly. For example, if the PA is disconnected

from the bus:

■the ‘PA not detected’ alarm is generated in the reciter; however,

transmission still takes place because the transmit RF and key signals are

transmitted from the reciter to the PA via the interconnecting coaxial

cable

■the PA is unable to turn on its fan. Depending on the ambient

temperature at the site and the transmit duty cycle, this could allow the

PA to heat up to the point where it reaches the upper temperature

threshold. At this point it will begin power foldback, protecting the

equipment from damage.

TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual Functional Description 43

The PMU behaves in a similar way to the PA.

The system control bus has been designed to operate only within the

TB8100 subrack. It has not been designed for use outside the subrack or to

interconnect two subracks.

I2C Signals The TB8100 BSS uses the I2C bus and a proprietary software protocol to

provide communications between any modules connected to the bus.

Typically this involves the reciter assuming ‘primary’ status, and PAs and

PMUs ‘secondary’ status. The reciter co-ordinates the entire subrack

operation, reading from and writing to all modules, including the control

panel. The I2C bus allows the reciter to perform the following functions:

■monitoring (e.g. operating status, module details, operating temperatures

etc.)

■diagnostics (execution of tests to confirm correct operation)

■firmware upgrades

■configuration (of operational parameters).

The I2C current source is located in the PMU so that the TB8100 BSS can

operate with the control panel removed. However, the PMU must be

powered up to enable the I2C communications to operate. Base stations

which use the 12V PA do not require a PMU, and in this case the I2C

current source is located on the dual base station subrack interconnect

board.

RS-232 Signals Service Kit, Alarm Center and Calibration Kit serial communications all

occur directly between the connected computer (or modem) and the reciter

over the RS-232 serial lines. When the connected computer needs to

communicate with the PA, PMU or control panel, the reciter routes the

RS-232 data stream to the I2C bus. Only reciters use the RS-232 interface.

Because RS-232 is a peer-to-peer physical interface, the control panel

converts RS-232 to open collector logic. Open collector logic allows a

single control panel to communicate with one or more reciters. This same

logic level conversion is also performed in the Calibration Test Unit when

the control bus interface is connected directly to the reciter.

Fan Signals The power and ground signals for the PA and PMU fans are routed from the

modules to the front panel (via the control panel) along the system control

bus. These signals are electrically isolated from all other system signals to

ensure fan noise is not transferred to other sensitive system components.

Protective diodes prevent the PA in one base station from being back-

In a dual base station, either PA can power the PA fan at any time. Thus the

PA that needs the cooling from the fan can control and receive it, while the

other PA will also be cooled even if it does not require it.

44 Functional Description TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual

Figure 4.4 System control bus high level block diagram

Power

Supply

Fan

Switch

Fan

Switch

3mA

Current

Source

Micro-

processor

Micro-

processor

Microphone

Compressor

Speaker

Buffer

PMU Fan

RS-232

Converter

Microphone

28V

Service Kit &

Calibration Kit

Microphone Switch

RS-232 Open Collector TTL

Open Collector TTL

Speaker

PA Fan

(To I C Port

Expander)

(To I C Port

Expander)

Microphone

Rotation Output

Power/Ground

PMU Fan

RS-232

PMU Fan

PA Fan

28V

UART

28V Input

from PMU

28V

Subrack Interconnect Board

RISC

CODECsDSP

Buffer

Microphone

Speaker Control Panel

Reciter

PMU

I C Port

Expander

2Digital Outputs

Digital Inputs

15-Way D-range

16-Way IDC 16-Way IDC 16-Way IDC

PA Fan

Rotation Output

Power/Ground

TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual Functional Description 45

Although the PA and PMU modules provide the power and ground for their

respective fans, the fan rotation detection is performed in the control panel.

The result is then read and processed by the reciter via the I2C interface.

The PA and PMU do not know if their fan has been correctly enabled,

however, if there is a fault in the fan circuitry, each module is protected from

overheating by its internal foldback circuitry.

In a dual base station, the fan rotation sensors report only to the currently

selected base station. The other base station will conclude that the fan is not

working and generate false alarms. We therefore recommend that you

disable all fan failure alarms (refer to “Dual Base Station System” on

page 38).

Speaker Signal Received audio can be sent from the reciter to the control panel. This

function is controlled by the speaker button on the control panel. The audio

signal is then amplified and passed to the control panel speaker for

monitoring purposes.

The audio output impedance of each reciter is fixed at approximately 2k

ohms. If two reciters are in the same subrack, either or both can drive audio

onto the bus. The system control bus will sum the two audio outputs

together and both will be passed through to the speaker. The summed audio

levels will vary, depending on the number of reciters in the subrack. The

volume range of the control panel speaker has been configured so that the

maximum number of reciters will still drive the speaker to the required

audio level.

Microphone Signal When you press the microphone PTT button, the reciter enables the

transmitter and connects the audio signal from the microphone input to the

modulator. The microphone PTT signal is read via the control panel using

the I2C bus and this then enables the transmitter. Note that the PTT

response times are slower than the response times for the TX_KEY input

from the system interface board.

The audio output from the control panel’s microphone is distributed to the

microphone audio inputs of each reciter. The low audio output impedance

of the control panel is not affected by the number of reciters connected as

the microphone audio inputs have a high input impedance.

Power and Ground The PMU provides power to the control panel via the reciters. Each reciter

has a series diode to ‘diode OR’ the power to the control panel, but not to

backpower a reciter that does not have a power cable connected.

Pin Allocations The subrack interconnect board at the front of the TB8100 subrack provides

a parallel interconnection between all connectors on the board.

The following table gives the pin allocations for the IDC connectors to the

reciter, PA and PMU, and for the D-range connector to the control panel.

46 Functional Description TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual

4.3 Signal Path

This section details what happens to an audio signal as it passes through the

various processes within a TB8100 BSS, either from the RF input to the

system interface, or from the system interface to the RF output.

Figure 4.10 on page 68 shows the four main components of a single 50W

VHF base station system: the reciter, PA, PMU and control panel.

Figure 4.11 on page 69 and Figure 4.12 on page 70 provide the same

information for UHF systems.

The majority of all Tx/Rx signal processing is performed within the reciter.

All receiver functionality occurs within the reciter while the PA provides RF

amplification of the modulated signal to be transmitted.

The reciter sections of Figure 4.10, Figure 4.11 and Figure 4.12 show the

entire reciter, which is then broken down into the individual digital, RF and

system interface boards. In the digital board, the solid line shows the

functions provided by the DSP (Digital Signal Processor).

Also refer to “Circuit Description” on page 15 for more detailed circuit

descriptions of the individual sub-systems that make up the BSS.

The following sections explain the basic operation of the base station system

by describing the basic signal paths.

Signal

Reciter, PA & PMU

IDC Pin

Standard and Power

Save Control Panel

D-range Pin

Dual Base Station

Control Panel

D-range Pin

I2C interrupt 1 (not used) 8 (not used) channel 2 select

I2C data 2 15 15

ground (I2C) 3 no connection no connection

I2C clock 4 7 7

+28V (control panel power) 5 14 14

RS-232 Tx data 6 6 6

ground (control panel power) 7 13 13

RS-232 Rx data 8 5 5

ground (analogue) 9 12 12

control panel speaker 10 4 4

control panel microphone 11 11 11

PSU back-up 12 (not used) 3 (not used) channel 1 select

+24V switched (PA fan) 13 2 2

ground (PA fan) 14 10 10

+24V switched (PMU fan) 15 9 9

ground (PMU fan) 16 1 1

TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual Functional Description 47

Receiver Path On the receiver side, an RF input signal is received via the RF input BNC

connector, filtered, amplified then mixed down to the IF frequency. The IF

signal is further filtered and then transferred from the RF to the digital board

via a coaxial interconnection cable. On the digital board the IF signal is then

sampled and further sample-rate-reduced by the DDC. The DSP then

demodulates the signal and generates RSSI, SINAD and sub-audible

signalling values and passes these to the RISC. The demodulated signal is

then split and processed using the configured options as set by the user for

Path A & Path B responses. The Rx crosspoint switch patches the recovered

audio signals to the correct output paths, reflecting the current status of the

receiver.

The final received signal is then set to CODECs which convert the digital

signal back to audio. The system interface board provides level adjustments

and final output impedance buffering. The signal finally appears as audio

signals on the rear panel interface connector.

Transmit Path Audio signals presented to the system interface connector on the system

interface board are buffered and level-converted based on the user input gain

settings. These signals are then passed to the digital board and digitized via

the CODECs, read into the DSP, and passed to the Tx crosspoint switch.

Microphone audio is passed into the Tx crosspoint switch from the control

panel via the system control bus. Based on the current base station status,

the different audio inputs can be fed into either path A or B, which are then

further processed depending on the user-configured path options. Audio

from both paths is then added together and processed via the channel

limiter/low pass filter. This signal then has any sub-audible signalling added

to it that is needed for the active channel before it is sent to the FCL

(Frequency Control Loop). The FCL performs a dual point modulation

process to modulate the VCXO and exciter VCO simultaneously. The final

modulated carrier signal is then buffered and passed, along with the DC

PA_KEY signal, to the PA (Power Amplifier) via an SMA interconnection

cable.

The PA detects and keys the PA based on this DC signal, also amplifying the

+11dBm input signal from the reciter to the final RF output power, which

is determined by the current channel output power setting. The amplified

RF output signal is then processed through a harmonic filter and a

directional coupler. The direction coupler provides power level information

to the PA to monitor and respond to the VSWR conditions on the PA

output.

Clock Processing The reciter reference clock can be selected from an external or internal

source (external reference or internal TCXO). Once the clock source has

been selected (based on the configuration and current operating status of the

base station), the 12.8MHz signal is passed from the RF board to the digital

board. On the digital board, the 12.8MHz signal is used by the CODECs,

and also generates the 40MHz clock for the DSP/RISC. This clock

structure ensures all clocks on the reciter are phase locked together to limit

48 Functional Description TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual

possible clock interference from unlocked clock sources, generating

interference or deaf channels.

Direct Signal Paths It is possible to bypass a lot of the signal processing within the DSP on both

the Tx and Rx paths via user configuration. The demodulated audio signals

can be fed directly to the output CODECs, and the transmit CODEC

inputs are connected directly to the modulator. This allows wide band

audio signals to be processed via external equipment, if required, without

the DSP overheads usually needed for path A and B audio processing.

Digital I/O The bottom of the reciter section of Figure 4.10 shows the time-critical

RX_GATE, TX_KEY and COAX RELAY signals that interface directly

with the RISC. Less time-critical signals, such as digital I/O, interface to

the RISC via a synchronous serial I/O interface.

Module

Communication

Paths

The reciter RISC supports two main inter-module communication paths:

an asynchronous (RS-232) path to the control panel and a synchronous

(I2C) interface to all other modules and the control panel. Both of these

paths are interconnected via the system control bus cable on the front of the

modules.

The RS-232 signals from a connected computer or modem are buffered and

sent to the reciter on-board UART via the system control bus. The system

control bus uses an open collector TTL interface.

The inter-module I2C bus provides a path for the RISC to communicate

with all other modules and the control panel. This supports module alarms,

diagnostics, monitoring and control panel LED/keypad traffic.

The Power

Management Unit

(PMU)

The PMU section of Figure 4.10 shows the major functional blocks of the

PMU. Each converter is under the control of the PMU microprocessor,

which is also under the control of the reciter RISC processor via the I2C

communication path.

The high current DC-DC converter and high efficiency standby card are

both powered directly from the DC input. This means that the high power

DC converter can be switched off to conserve power when not transmitting

during modes.

The HVDC control and microprocessor card also provides current sources

(effectively pull-up resistors) for the system control bus I2C inter-module

communications path.

TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual Functional Description 49

4.4 Power Distribution

This section details how the input power feed is distributed throughout the

base station system to power its various sub-systems. The high level block

diagrams in Figure 4.5 on page 50 show the power distribution paths in

single and dual base station systems, while Figure 4.9 on page 67 provides

more detailed information on a typical single base station system. Also refer

to “Circuit Description” on page 15 for more detailed circuit descriptions

of the individual sub-systems that make up the BSS.

The TB8100 can receive input power from either the AC or DC input.

Internal seamless switching between the AC or DC input ensures there are

no power interruptions should a changeover occur between the two inputs.

The base station will default to the AC input if both AC and DC inputs are

provided.

The AC converter has a series switch which isolates the mains input from

the converter. The DC input, however, has much higher current ratings,

and supports an on/off switch on the converter only.

The outputs from both the AC and DC high power converters are added

together and fed to the PA via the PA1 and PA2 outputs. The auxiliary

output is also tapped off this summed output.

When a DC module is fitted, a high efficiency standby card can be used to

power up the receiver circuitry. If required, the high power but low

efficiency converters can then be disabled, saving considerable power during

periods of no channel activity, by using the standby card to power the reciter

more efficiently.

Base stations fitted with a 12V PA do not require a PMU. In this case the

DC input is connected directly to the PA, where it is fed to the internal

boost regulator board. This board provides a 12VDC output for the reciter

and a 28VDC output for the PA circuit boards.

The reciter input power feed is distributed to all internal reciter boards.

Local regulation ensures that noise and common mode interface signals are

kept to a minimum between sub-assemblies. Various power supplies in the

reciter further power and isolate critical sub-sections.

The reciter also powers the control panel, via a backpower protection diode.

The system control bus is used to route power to the control panel, thus

whenever a reciter is powered, and plugged into the control bus, if a control

panel is connected there will always be a reciter present to drive the control

bus functions.

50 Functional Description TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual

Figure 4.5 TB8100 BSS power distribution high level block diagrams

DC DC

12V

Power Saving

Control

Power Saving

Control

12V

AC AC

28V 28V

28V

Aux. DC Aux. DC

28V

28V 28V

PMU PMU

PA PA 1 PA 2

Reciter Reciter 1 Reciter 2

Control

Panel

Control

Panel

Reciter 1 Reciter 2

Control

Panel

Control

Panel

28V

PA 2

Boost

Regulator

28V

PA 1

Boost

Regulator

12V

Power Saving

Control 12V

Reciter

28V

Boost

Regulator

Single Base Station System

Single 12V PA Base Station System Dual 12V PA Base Station System

Dual Base Station System

TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual Functional Description 51

Reciter Power

Control Signals The power control signals PWD_EX, PWD_RX and PWR_ON (refer to

Figure 4.9 on page 67) are control lines internal to the reciter that originate

from the DSP on the digital board and are distributed to the RF and system

interface boards. These lines allow the power control software to selectively

turn on or off different reciter circuit blocks depending on the depth of

power savings configured.

PWD_EX controls the circuitry associated with the exciter RF path, such

as the exciter buffer amplifier, VCO and synthesizer.

PWD_RX controls the circuitry associated with the receiver RF path, such

as the receiver VCO and synthesizer.

PWR_ON turns off all non-critical control logic that is not required to

maintain a minimum level of RISC and DSP activity. This ensures a timed

power-up and activity cycling process. The RF and system interface board

are shut down completely.

4.5 PMU Operation on DC Input

The operation of the PMU on DC input is controlled by three sets of

parameters:

■user-programmable alarms

■user-programmable startup and shutdown limits

■battery protection limits.

The voltage range for each of these parameters is provided in Table 4.1 on

page 53. Figure 4.6 on page 52 illustrates how these parameters interact,

and how they control the operation of the PMU over a range of DC input

voltages.

Alarms User-programmable alarms can be set for low or high battery voltage. The

alarms will be triggered when the set voltage levels are reached.

To set the alarms, run the Service Kit and select Configure > Alarms >

Thresholds. In the Thresholds form, enter the required minimum and

maximum values in the PMU battery voltage fields.

Startup and

Shutdown Limits The user-programmable startup and shutdown limits allow for adjustable

startup and shutdown voltages. These limits can be adjusted for different

numbers of battery cells, or for the particular requirements of the base

station operation. Once the limits are reached, the PMU will shutdown.

To set the startup and shutdown limits, run the Service Kit and select

Configure > Base Station > Miscellaneous. In the Power Configuration

area, enter the required values in the Power shutdown voltage and

Power startup voltage fields.

52 Functional Description TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual

Figure 4.6 PMU alarm thresholds and voltage limits when operating on DC

Time

DC Input Voltage

Overvoltage Shutdown (HW)

Undervoltage Shutdown (HW)

Overvoltage Shutdown Reset (HW)

High Battery Voltage Alarm (SW Alarm)

Low Battery Voltage Alarm (SW Alarm)

Startup Voltage (SW)

Shutdown Voltage (SW)

Startup Voltage (HW)

Run

Stop

Active

Off

Software Control &

Hardware Combined

Hardware Behaviour

Software Alarm

(Low Battery Voltage)

Software Alarm

(High Battery Voltage)

30s delay 30s delay 30s delay

TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual Functional Description 53

Battery Protection

Limits The battery protection limits are set in hardware at the factory, and cannot

be adjusted by the user. These limits will not be reached under normal

operation conditions, but are provided as “fail-safe” measures to protect the

battery from deep discharge. They also remove the need for low-voltage

disconnect modules.

Indicator LEDs The indicator LEDs on the front panel are used to indicate the state of the

PMU and its microcontroller. There are two LEDs, one red and one green.

Each LED can be on, off, or flashing at two rates (fast or slow). The state

of these LEDs can indicate a number of operating modes or fault conditions,

as described in Table 4.2 on page 54.

Table 4.1 PMU DC voltage limitsa

Parameter

Voltage Range

12V PMU 24V PMU 48V PMU

User-programmable Alarmsb

Low Battery Voltage

High Battery Voltage

10V to 14V

14V to 17.5V

20V to 28V

28V to 35V

40V to 56V

56V to 70V

User-programmable Limitsbc

Startup Voltage

(after shutdown)

Shutdown Voltage

12V to 15.0V

10V to 13.5V

23.9V to 30V

20V to 27V

47.8V to 60V

40V to 54V

Battery Protection (Fail-safe) Limits

Startup Voltage

Undervoltage Shutdown

Overvoltage Shutdown

Overvoltage Shutdown Reset

11.7V ±0.3V

9.5V ±0.3V

18.1V ±0.3V

17.1V ±0.3V

23.4V ±0.5V

19V ±0.5V

36.2V ±0.5V

34.2V ±0.5V

46.8V ±1V

38V ±1V

72.4V ±1V

68.4V ±1V

a. The information in this table is extracted from the TB8100 Specifications Manual. Refer to the latest issue of this

manual (MBA-00001-xx) for the most up-to-date and complete PMU specifications.

b. Using the Service Kit software.

c. Only available if the standby power supply card is fitted.

54 Functional Description TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual

4.6 Data, Control and Monitoring Paths

This section describes the types of data and the methods used to move the

data around a TB8100 BSS. Refer to Figure 4.13 on page 71 for more

information.

The reciter RISC is the central command and control entity in a base station

system. As such it will often command modules to change state, based on

the information received in a module poll message reply. Messages from the

reciter over the I2C bus can control actions in the PA and PMU hardware,

such as changing Hysteresis mode in the PMU based on the current status

of any active power cycling modes, or reading the ambient temperature via

the PA module.

Table 4.2 PMU indicator LED states

Green Red PMU condition

off off power off (input above or below safe operating range)

flashing

(3Hz)

off no application firmware loaded; use the Service Kit software to

download the firmware

on off the microcontroller is operating; no alarm detected

on flashing

(3Hz)

one or more alarm conditions detected:

■output is overvoltage

■output is undervoltage

■output is current-limiting

■overtemperature

■mains failure

■battery voltage is low

■battery voltage is high

■shutdown is imminent

■DC converter is faulty

■battery is faulty, or DC converter is switched off

■auxiliary power supply is faulty

■PMU is not calibrated

■self-test has failed

■PMU is not configured

flashing

(on 300ms,

off 2700ms)

flashing

(on 300ms,

off 2700ms)

PMU is in battery protection mode

flashing

(on 300ms,

off 4700ms)

flashing

(on 300ms,

off 4700ms)

PMU is in Deep Sleep mode

flashing

(3Hz)

flashing

(3Hz)

Service Kit LED test - LEDs flash alternately

TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual Functional Description 55

Serial Service Kit communications are transferred from the attached serial

device (e.g. a personal computer running the TB8100 Service Kit), buffered

on the control panel and passed into the RISC’s UART.

Inter-module communications traffic (for example monitoring, diagnostics

and firmware download messages) is passed between the reciter and

PA/PMU via the I2C bus, which runs a Tait proprietary protocol. The

reciter acts as a router, in that messages to and from the PA and PMU are

passed through the reciter between the UART and I2C ports.

When each PA/PMU module powers up for the first time, it requests the

RISC, via the I2C bus, to allocate a unique address to that module for use

across the I2C bus. Each module on the I2C bus must have a unique address.

The reciter assumes ‘primary’ status, while all PAs and PMUs assume

‘secondary’ status. Consequently, the reciter polls modules and the modules

reply, forming a poll-response architecture with unique addresses and

associations.

There is no information passed over the system control bus that is real-time

dependent. All real-time processing needs, such as fault recovery for all

modules, are supported by the microprocessor present in each module. The

only real time signal in the system is the PA_KEY signal that is passed

between the reciter and the PA. This signal is a critical part of the TX_KEY

ramp up and down operation and is summed with the exciter RF output to

the PA over the coaxial interconnection cable.

For example, when a TX_KEY signal is passed to the reciter system

interface board, the following actions occur:

1. The TX_KEY signal is read and processed by the RISC

microprocessor which, depending on the configuration and status of

the reciter, will then initiate a transmission.

2. The RISC will instruct the DSP via the host port to initiate a

transmission and start modulating the RF carrier.

3. The DSP will enable the PA_KEY line to the PA microprocessor.

4. The PA microprocessor will then initiate a controlled PA output ramp

up.

Depending on the channel selected for the transmission, the RISC will also

re-configure the synthesizer as required, though this does not automatically

occur at the start of a Tx/Rx event.

At an appropriate time, the reciter’s RISC processor will poll the PA and

PMU modules for their status (including any alarm conditions) and process

the results accordingly. Whenever a user selects a PA/PMU monitor or

diagnostic screen in the Service Kit, the information is read from that

module via the I2C bus. It is then transferred through the RISC and passed

to the Service Kit computer using the Tait proprietary Service Kit protocol

over the serial port.

56 Functional Description TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual

The PA and PMU sections on Figure 4.13 show most of the monitored

parameters in each module and the control outputs from the

microprocessors, which are also available to the reciter RISC via the I2C bus

and form the basis of the TB8100 monitored alarms.

Each reciter, PA and PMU module also stores the following information

specific to that module:

■calibration parameters

■serial and product number

■factory configuration.

This ensures that the module is a true entity in its own right, thus helping

to support simple ‘plug and play’ site module replacement procedures.

The TB8100 control panel provides several important functions.

Depending on the control panel version these functions include, but are not

limited to, the following:

■an interface point to monitor and respond to failure alarm outputs from

the fans

■a point to read key presses and display base station status on output LEDs

■speaker control and amplifier for on-site monitor audio.

All control panel logic inputs and outputs are implemented by using an I2C

port expander that performs a serial (I2C) to parallel conversion (and vice

versa) over the I2C bus. The control panel port expanders are fixed address

8-bit input and output interfaces. The heaviest user of the I2C bus is actually

the control panel keypad read polls which occur on average every 50ms.

4.7 Fan Operation

The cooling fans are mounted on the front panel. One fan is in front of the

PA and another in front of the PMU. The fans do not operate continuously

but are switched on and off as needed by the reciter firmware. When the

base station is switched on, both fans come on for a short time and are then

normally switched off. The operation of the PA fan is configurable via the

Service Kit but the PMU fan is not. It has fixed on/off thresholds and a

defined set of duty cycles based on the PMU temperature, as follows:

PMU Temperature Duty Cycle

<65°C (<149°F) Increases with increasing current draw

65°C to 75°C (149°F to 167°F) On two minutes, off one minute

>75°C (>167°F) Always on

TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual Functional Description 57

Fans used in the TB8100 must have the correct wiring: power and ground

(2-wire fans), or power, ground and rotation detect (3-wire fans). Both fans

in the subrack must be of the same type.

If 3-wire fans are fitted, the reciter can monitor whether the fans are rotating

and generate an alarm if the fan fails. Refer to the Service Kit and Alarm

Center documentation for more details. Refer also to “Dual Base Station

System” on page 38 for information on the constraints of fan rotation

detection in dual base station systems.

4.8 Power Saving

TB8100 base stations can be equipped with Power Saving. This set of

sophisticated current-reducing measures is made available through the

optional Power Saving Modes licence. Under the control of the reciter, all

modules in the subrack work together to offer many levels of current

reduction. The receiver circuitry can cycle on and off, parts of the PA

circuitry can be switched off, and the PMU can enter a power-saving

Hysteresis mode or even shut down its main DC-DC converter. These

measures can achieve a dramatic reduction in power consumption during

idle periods.

Power Saving is available for 5W, 50W and 100W base stations. There can

only be one base station in the subrack and most Power Saving measures are

only available when the base station is running on battery power. Dual base

stations cannot have Power Saving, but they can be configured to provide

modest reductions in current consumption. The same configuration can be

used for single base stations without a Power Saving licence. This brings

their power consumption in line with the Tait T800 range.

Two optional hardware items are needed to maximise the amount of power

that the base station can save. The TBA2010 Power Save Control Panel (for

further information, see “Power Save Control Panel” on page 32) is

designed for base stations with Power Saving; most of its circuitry can be

switched off. The PMU standby power supply card enables it to run in

Hysteresis mode or to turn off its DC-DC converter.

Power Saving is implemented in three different modes: Normal, Sleep, and

Deep Sleep. This makes it possible for the extent of the power saving

measures to vary depending on the amount of traffic on the channel. Each

mode combines a number of power saving measures and is enabled and

configured through the Service Kit.

58 Functional Description TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual

4.8.1 Power Saving Measures

The following describes the different ways that the modules of a Power Save

base station are able to reduce their power consumption. Service Kit users

select these measures indirectly by selecting values for the Rx cycling time

and the Tx keyup time.

Receiver Signal Path

Cycling The receiver can be cycled off for a user-definable time, then switched back

on. If a signal is detected, the receiver stays on, otherwise it cycles off again.

There are two levels of cycling: the first involves only the receiver, the

second involves most circuitry in the reciter.

If the Rx cycling time is 100 ms or less, only the PWD_RX power rail is

turned off. This turns off the receiver front end, receiver ADC (Analog to

Digital Converter) and DDC (Digital Down Converter). Once the cycling

time has elapsed, the following occurs:

1. The DSP turns on the PWD_RX power rail.

2. The DSP initialises the DDC. This results in a working receiver.

3. The DSP measures the RSSI to see whether there is a signal on the

channel.

4. If the RSSI does not exceed the threshold, the DSP turns the power

rail off.

The whole process takes about 10ms.

If the Rx cycling time is greater than 100ms, more circuitry (including the

receiver VCO) cycles on and off. In this case, the DSP turns the PWD_RX

and the PWR_ON power rails off (see “Power Distribution” on page 49 for

more information about reciter power rails). Once the cycling time has

elapsed, the following occurs:

1. The DSP turns the PWR_ON rail back on and tells the RISC.

2. The RISC programs the receiver synthesizer and waits for it to lock.

This takes around 20ms.

3. The RISC tells the DSP that the synthesizer is locked.

4. The DSP turns on the PWD_RX power rail back on, and the process

continues as for receiver cycling above.

Transmitt er Keying Normally, the PA uses special Fast Key circuitry to give a fast but controlled

ramp-up of the PA’s power output. In Sleep and Deep Sleep modes (and in

Normal mode, with a Tx keyup time of 5ms or longer), this function is

disabled by turning off the PA 10V power rail (see “Power Distribution” on

page 49 for more information about power rails). This turns off most of the

PA analogue circuitry. The process of keying the transmitter then works like

this:

TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual Functional Description 59

1. The PA receives a PA_KEY_COAX signal instructing it to key up.

This is a DC signal on the coaxial cable that goes from reciter to PA.

2. The PA microprocessor turns the 10V power rail on, and then waits

for 20-30ms for the regulator to stabilise the power.

3. The microprocessor sets the power level.

4. The microprocessor provides its usual ramping signal. This has the

form of a raised cosine.

PMU Hysteresis

Mode Hysteresis mode is the first means of reducing current consumption in the

PMU. It requires a PMU standby power supply card and is not available if

the PMU’s auxiliary power output is on.

While the PMU DC converter is highly efficient for output currents in the

range of 1-15A, it is not efficient for low output currents. This is mainly due

to the current drive requirements for the heavy-duty switching FETs (field

effect transistors).

Hysteresis mode resolves this issue by setting the output voltage to swing

between two fixed levels. This allows the FETs drive signal to be turned off

for periods of time. The FET off time is dependent on the load current

drawn. Figure 4.7 on page 59 illustrates the output voltages for the PMU

DC converter in both normal and Hysteresis modes.

You can confirm whether the PMU is in Hysteresis mode by connecting an

oscilloscope to the PMU’s 28V output power connector. You should see the

voltage ripple.

Hysteresis mode is used only when the base station is not transmitting. The

ripple generated by Hysteresis mode does not degrade the performance of

the receiver. However, when the base station is transmitting, Hysteresis

mode is turned off because the PA should never transmit with the ripple

voltage present.

Figure 4.7 DC converter output voltages in PMU operation modes

Time

Voltage

27.9

Time

Voltage

27.9

Normal mode Hysteresis mode

27.5

FET switches OFF once upper

threshold reached

Output voltage

ripple

(hysteresis voltage)

FET switches ON once lower

threshold reached

60 Functional Description TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual

PMU Standby

Operation In Deep Sleep mode, the second means of reducing PMU current

consumption takes effect. The PMU microprocessor turns the DC-DC

converter off, removing all power to the PA. Only the reciter and the control

panel receive power (see Figure 4.9 on page 67 for details).

The PA LEDs go off. The PMU’s green Power LED also goes off, but the

red Alarm LED flashes briefly about every 20 seconds (these LEDs are only

visible when the subrack front panel is removed).

Control Panel

Shutdown In Sleep and Deep Sleep modes, the reciter instructs the Power Save control

panel to shut down. This turns off most of its circuitry (fan detection, I2C

interface, RS-232). However, it is still monitoring the RS-232 lines for

activity.

Note The Power Save control panel does not shut down in Sleep and

Deep Sleep modes if the reciter is fitted with a TaitNet RS-232

system interface board (TBA10L0).

The red alarm LED goes off. This means that it cannot light up if an alarm

is generated. If an alarm is present when the control panel shuts down, it

cannot be displayed.

The Power LED flashes under hardware control to indicate that the base

station is in Sleep or Deep Sleep mode.

If the base station needs to communicate with an Alarm Center, or a Service

Kit attempts to connect, activity is detected on the RS-232 lines and the

Control Panel turns itself on. Immediately after the Service Kit disconnects,

the Control Panel shuts itself down again.

Note The standard and dual base station control panels cannot shut

themselves down, but their LEDs (except the Power LED) also

flash in Sleep and Deep Sleep modes.

12V PA Operation Power Saving is also available in base stations using a 12V PA. Both Sleep

and Deep Sleep modes can be configured, with the same receiver cycling

and Tx keyup options as a base station with a PMU. In Deep Sleep mode,

the reciter shuts down the PA by shutting down the boost regulator board

in the PA (refer to “12V PA Power Saving Control Connection” on

page 124 for more information on this connection). The 12VDC output

from the boost regulator board is unswitched and continues to power the

reciter even when the rest of the circuitry on the board is shut down.

4.8.2 Power Saving Modes

The Power Saving Modes licence makes two power saving modes available:

Sleep and Deep Sleep. The base station runs in Normal mode when there

is activity on the channel but can transition to Sleep and/or Deep Sleep

mode after it has been idle for a period of time.

TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual Functional Description 61

Once the base station’s Power Saving Modes licence is enabled, you can use

the Service Kit to enable and configure its Sleep and Deep Sleep modes (see

the Service Kit online Help for details).

Each mode is defined by a receiver cycling time and a Tx keyup time and

the values of these parameters determine which power saving measures are

used. The transitions from Normal mode to Sleep and from Sleep to Deep

Sleep modes are initiated by an idle timer.

Normal mode needs no enabling and can be configured without a Power

Saving Modes licence. The configuration can involve no current reduction

at all (no receiver cycling and the fastest possible Tx Keyup time), or a

modest reduction to give similar performance to the T800.

The transitions between modes are shown in Figure 4.8. On startup, the

base station operates in Normal mode. A timer starts as soon as there is no

channel activity. PTT, front-panel carrier-only transmission, CWID bursts,

and alarm tones do not count as activity, and can all occur in Sleep and Deep

Sleep modes without affecting the timer.

When the timer reaches the value set in the Service Kit (in the ‘Start after’

box) for Sleep mode, the base station enters Sleep mode. If the receiver

Figure 4.8 Transitions between sleep modes

Normal Mode

User-selected Rx cycling time

and Tx keyup time

Deep Sleep Mode

User-selected Rx cycling time.

Tx keyup time Slow

Tx Key is activated or receiver

detects activity and determines

that the signal is valid

Idle timer continues until it

reaches the Deep Sleep value

Idle timer reaches Sleep

mode value

Tx Key is activated or receiver

detects activity and determines

that the signal is valid

Sleep Mode

User-selected Rx cycling time.

Tx keyup time Medium

62 Functional Description TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual

detects activity and determines that the signal is valid (or the Tx key line is

activated), it reverts to Normal mode. Otherwise, the timer continues

running.

When the timer reaches the value for Deep Sleep mode, the base station

enters Deep Sleep mode.

If the base station is running on AC power, the timer operates as usual.

However, the base station will continue to run in Normal mode, as

configured in the Service Kit, even after reaching the value for Sleep or

Deep Sleep mode. It only enters these modes after it has changed over to

DC power. If it changes back to AC power, it returns to Normal mode.

4.8.3 Overview of Operation

The following tables show the receiver cycling times and Tx keyup times

available for Normal, Sleep, and Deep Sleep modes and the power saving

measures they correspond to. For more details on power and current

consumption refer to the TB8100 Specifications Manual.

Table 4.3 Power Saving measures selected by receiver cycling time

Power

Saving

Mode

Receiver

Cycling

Reciter Power Rails

PWR_ON PWD_EX PWD_RX

Normal No cycling on on on

5ms on on cycling

10ms on on cycling

20ms on on cycling

Sleep No cycling on on on

20ms on on cycling

50ms on on cycling

100ms on on cycling

200ms cycling off cycling

Deep

Sleep

No cycling on on on

200ms cycling off cycling

500ms cycling off cycling

1s cycling off cycling

5 s cycling off cycling

TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual Functional Description 63

Further

Considerations

■Hysteresis mode is only available if a standby power supply card is fitted

and the auxiliary power output has not been turned on by Task Manager

action.

■Auxiliary power is not available in Sleep or Deep Sleep modes.

■There may be a significant delay in the setting of digital outputs if

PWR_ON is cycling. A change, such as the state of a digital input, is

only read when the power cycles on. Task Manager carries out the action

to set the digital output while the power is off, but this action only takes

effect next time the power cycles on.

■During receiver cycling, the base station is unable to provide a

continuous output on its audio output lines. When the receiver cycles

off, so does its line output, even if the outputs are not gated.

4.8.4 Using the Service Kit with Power Save Base Stations

You can connect the Service Kit to a base station in Sleep or Deep Sleep

mode and log on. The reciter is still able to communicate with the Service

Kit when powered by the standby power supply card. The control panel

needs to wake up, but the rest of the base station does not change mode. The

reciter can also initiate communications via the control panel to an Alarm

Center.

You can use the Service Kit to monitor Power Save operation and see what

power saving measures are currently active.

Important Displaying any PA monitoring or diagnostic screen turns

the PA on. The PA stays on until the screen is closed. Make

sure that you do not waste power by leaving any of these

screens on.

Table 4.4 Power Saving measures selected by Tx keyup time

Power

Saving

Mode

Tx Keyup

Time

PMU PA

28V Power Fast key

Normal 2msab

a. The Tx Keyup time you select using the Service Kit refers to the amount of time need-

ed to key the transmitter AFTER the reciter detects valid RF or receives a Tx Key signal.

The total time needed is increased by receiver cycling and varies according to where

in the cycle the RF or Tx Key is applied. The reciter only looks for RF or Tx Key when

the PWD_RX rail is on.

b. The actual Tx Keyup time may be slightly shorter or longer than this value. Refer to

the TB8100 Specifications Manual for further details.

on enabled

5msaon disabled

20msaon disabled

Sleep Medium Hysteresis mode disabled

Deep Sleep Slow off n/a: PA is off

64 Functional Description TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual

A monitoring screen shows you whether the DC-DC converter has shut

down. Select Monitor > Monitoring > Power Management.

The display shows that the DC-Converter is off, and that there is no power

to the PA.

To check whether Hysteresis mode is active, select Diagnose > Power

Management > Control Tests.

When the DC-DC converter display shows that Low Power Mode is on, the

PMU is in Hysteresis mode.

TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual Functional Description 65

4.8.5 Configuring Receiver Gating for Base Stations with Power Save

Settings for receiver gating can adversely affect Power Save.

In low-noise situations, Tait recommends that you use the default settings

(RSSI disabled, SINAD enabled at 12dB).

In high-noise situations, follow these guidelines:

■Use RSSI and SINAD gating.

■Set the RSSI level to be above the ambient noise level, for example

–113dBm (0.5µV).

■Set the SINAD level as desired.

■Set the gating logic to OR.

■Have no receiver cycling in Normal mode.

■Set short idle times (for example 1 minute for Sleep mode and 10

minutes for Deep Sleep mode).

The background to these recommendations is as follows:

Receiver gating operates differently when the receiver is cycling. Whenever

the receiver cycles on, it first measures the RSSI, even if its configuration

disabled RSSI gating (this is because detecting the RSSI is very quick). If the

RSSI exceeds the threshold, power stays on. (If the configuration doesn’t

specify a threshold, –117dBm is used.)

If gating is configured for RSSI alone, the receiver unmutes straight away. If

SINAD gating is enabled, the base station must first determine whether the

SINAD is above the threshold. If it is, the base station stays on, otherwise it

returns to cycling in its existing mode.

To ensure the full benefits of power saving, it is important to use an RSSI

level that prevents the base station unnecessarily turning the receiver on

while it checks the SINAD. For example, if the RSSI gate is turned off, the

SINAD gate is set to 20dB, and the receiver cycling time is 100ms, the

following can happen in the presence of channel noise:

1. The receiver cycles on.

2. It detects a signal that is above the RSSI threshold.

3. It stays on for 100ms to check whether the SINAD is good enough.

4. The SINAD is too low, so the receiver cycles off.

5. 100ms later, it’s time for the receiver to cycle on again and repeat the

procedure.

The result is that the receiver is on for about 120ms out of every 220ms,

instead of for about 20ms out of every 120ms.

66 Functional Description TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual

The recommendations for noisy sites have the following effects.

■A high RSSI level means that the base station rarely wastes power by

holding the receiver on to check the SINAD. (This may mean that users

find it more difficult to gain access to the site. However, once they have

access and the base station is in Normal mode, the relatively low SINAD

makes access easy.)

■Receiver cycling in Normal mode is not selected so that the higher RSSI

level is not required in order to open the gate.

■The ‘OR’ setting for gating logic provides optimal gating when the base

station is in Normal mode: quick opening when the signal is strong,

reliable opening when it is weaker.

■Short idle times maximise the proportion of time that the base station is

in Sleep and Deep Sleep modes.

Note If the base station is part of a CTCSS/DCS system, the base station

will use additional power whenever it hears a signal with the

wrong subtone. For example, if the receiver has the same settings

as above, it would be on for 320ms out of every 420ms (a subau-

dible check can take up to 230ms). The only way to minimise the

effects of this is to set a very long receiver cycling time, such as 5

seconds.

TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual Functional Description 67

Figure 4.9 TB8100 BSS power distribution

Temperature

Mains good

To /

from

µP Shutdown

Rear panel

ON/OFF switch

AC input

(115-230VAC

50/60Hz)

DC input

12/24/48VDC

Data

To /

from

µP Run

Rear panel

ON/OFF switch

Temperature

Hysteresis enable

Standby present

Shutdown

To /

from

µP

PMU µP

C pull-ups

Standby isolate

(from uP)

Auxiliary

28 to 12/24/48V

(optional)

Front panel

PA1 & PA2

outputs

Front panel

Reciter outputs

Rear panel aux output

(SIF / trickle

charger output)

Data

To /

from

µP Run

28 to 10V

regulator

(switched)

28 to 5V

regulator

(permanent)

28 to -3V

regulator

(permanent)

Control board

Power

Management

Unit

(PMU)

28 to 2.5V

regulator

(permanent)

28 to 5V

regulator

(permanent)

6W board 60W board

Low pass

filter board

Power

Amplifier

(PA)

Digital board

RX/EX/EX

Ref

Synths &

VCO's

RF boardSystem interface board

Reciter

System

interface

analogue

circuitry

System interface

D-range supply

output

System interface

power input

Diagnostics

and power

control

circuitry

Analogue

power control

circuitry

Power

control

circuitry

RF circuits

RF circuits RF circuits

Power supply

connectors

DSP

-Codec

-ADC

-DDC

-Power control logic

PWD_EX

PWD_RX

PWR_ON

28 to 5V

Speaker

amplifier

control

signal

Control

Panel

AC module

DC module

Auxiliary power

supply board

SIF_28V

Not connected

Standby power supply card

Protection

Fuse

Power supply

connectors

AC converter

(500W)

(optional)

DC converter

(40/500W)

(optional)

Standby

28-29V

(optional)

µP Control

System

Control bus

Microphone

circuitry

RS-232

circuitry

System

interface

digital

logic

Exciter

circuitry

Receiver

circuitry

Receiver

digital

logic

RISC

-memory

-clock

68 Functional Description TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual

Figure 4.10 TB8100 BSS VHF signal path

Cross

Point

Switch

(CPS)

Balanced

audio

input

Balanced

audio

output

Unbalanced

audio input

Unbalanced

audio output

Decimation

filter

Interpolation

filter

Decimation

filter

Interpolation

filter

Mic.

Test Signal

generator

PIP tones

FFSK

CWID

Selcall

Test tone

OTA

generators

FFSK

Tone remote

Selcall OTL decoders

Unbalanced

Balanced

Line input level

measurements

HPF

Notch filter

Pre-emphasis

Variable delay

Voice filter

Service Kit

Interpolating

filter

Hard limiterLimiter filter

Voice reject

filter

Interpolating

filter DCS

encoder

CTCSS

encoder

TX sub-band signalling

TX path audio processing

Path A

Variable delay

Mute switch

De-emphasis

HPF

CTCSS

decoder

DCS decoder

Voice reject

RX path audio processing

Rx sub-band

signalling

Interpolation

filter

BO audio

measurement

UO audio

measurement

Test signal

sink

Selcall decode

FFSK decode

Voting tones

FFSF

Pip tones

Line out test tone.

Tone remote

Frequency

control

loop

Decimating

filter

Loopback

Cross

Point

Switch

(CPS)

SINAD

processing

Normalisation,

FM Demod,

RSSI & SINAD

measurement

LPF

BPF1

Frequency

control loop

quadrature

mixer +

buffers

Change over

switch

Ex SynthEx Loop filterEx VCO

LPF

Switch

Input*

Amp BPF2

Mixer Diplexer Buffer Pad

NB Xtal

filter

Amp

Anti-

alias

filter

Digital

down

converter

(DDC) RSSI,

processing

RX SynthLoop filterRX VCO

Ref VCXO

(12.8MHz)

REF Synth

Ref detect.

Ext.

Ref.

40MHz VCXO

40MHz Synth

To RISC, DSP,

ADC, DDC

100mW

atten. 1W 6W 60W Harmonic

filter

Directional

coupler

Microprocessor

DAC

LPF

PA_KEY

DAC

AC converter

DC converter

10W

standby

input

PA1/PA2 output

40W

Converter

Aux. out (SIF) or

Trickle charger

µP

Standby

Isolate

Reciter output

Rear panel

ON/OFF

µP

Rear

panel

ON/OFF

µP

output

Exciter to

PA RF

Reduced instruction

set computer

(RISC)

ADC

DAC

ADC

TX_KEY

RX_GATE

COAX Relay

CUART

LPF / Directional

Coupler Board

60W

Board

6W Board

Control Board

50W Power Amplifier

C current

sources

PMU

micro-

processor

Power factor

correction

Power Management

Unit

System

Control

bus

System

Control

bus

System Control bus

System

Control

bus

System

Interface Board

Digital Board

RF Board

Path B

Buffer 12.8MHz to

CODECs

Host port

RISC

Digital Signal Processor (DSP)

IF Receiver

front end

Decimating

filter

Reciter

Repeater AC

coupling filter

Line

loopback

*Frequency Bands & Sub-bands

B2 = 136-156MHz

B3 = 148-174MHz

C1 = 174-193MHz

C2 = 193-225MHz

152.9-241.9MHz

high side

VCXO

Buffer

+ coax

driver

VCO

modulation

VCXO

modulation

12.8MHz TCXO

Cross

Point

Switch

(CPS)

Micro Card

AC Converter Board

DC Converter Board

ADCADC

DACDAC

Transient

wave shape

RF power

setting

Forward

power

Reverse

power

Bias

ADC

Power

control

RX_GATE

RISC

SIO

OTL

encoders

DAC

ADC

Fan

buff.

Fan buffer

fan

PMU

fan

Standby PS card

Auxiliary PS

PCB

RISC

RISC RISC

RISC

Buff

EPOT Buff

EPOT Mute

Sw.

Mute

Sw.

Digital audio output

Buff

EPOT

Digital audio input

Digital

inputs

Digital

outputs

RSSI

output

voltage

Power

from PMU

Power to

external

equipment

Buff

Third party

interface

connections

Discrete

Logic

Conventional

signalling

buffers

EPOTs

Mute Switches

SIF ID

Amp

Amp &

Switch

Vol.

Knob

Compressor Amp.

C port

expanders

Speaker ON/OFF

Fan rotation

Control panel ID

LEDs

Keypad

Mic PTT

Standard

Control Panel

2.5A

polyfuse

Noise

source

switch

RISC

Buffer

10 or 12.8MHz

Buffer

General I/O

PA_KEY

DAC

Demodulated

audio

Direct demodulated audio output

Direct modulation audio input

Speaker

SIO to

UART RS-232

converter

Rear

panel

RS-232

TX_KEY

COAX Relay

General I/O

Reciter

fan

Fan buffer

RS-232

converter

HPF

Detect

AND

Path A

Path B

Path A (muted)

Path A (un-muted)

Path B (un-muted)

Path B (muted)

HPF

WB Xtal

filter

Switch

RISC

TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual Functional Description 69

Figure 4.11 TB8100 BSS UHF signal path - H band and K band

Cross

Point

Switch

(CPS)

Balanced

audio

input

Balanced

audio

output

Unbalanced

audio input

Unbalanced

audio output

Decimation

filter

Interpolation

filter

Decimation

filter

Interpolation

filter

Mic.

Test Signal

generator

PIP tones

FFSK

CWID

Selcall

Test tone

OTA

generators

FFSK

Tone remote

Selcall OTL decoders

Unbalanced

Balanced

Line input level

measurements

HPF

Notch filter

Pre-emphasis

Variable delay

Voice filter

Service Kit

Interpolating

filter

Hard limiterLimiter filter

Voice reject

filter

Interpolating

filter DCS

encoder

CTCSS

encoder

TX sub-band signalling

TX path audio processing

Path A

Variable delay

Mute switch

De-emphasis

HPF

CTCSS

decoder

DCS decoder

Voice reject

RX path audio processing

Rx sub-band

signalling

Interpolation

filter

BO audio

measurement

UO audio

measurement

Test signal

sink

Selcall decode

FFSK decode

Voting tones

FFSF

Pip tones

Line out test tone.

Tone remote

Frequency

control

loop

Decimating

filter

Loopback

Cross

Point

Switch

(CPS)

SINAD

processing

Normalisation,

FM Demod,

RSSI & SINAD

measurement

LPF

BPF

Frequency

control loop

quadrature

mixer +

buffers

Change over

switch

Ex SynthEx Loop filterEx VCO

LPF PIN

Atten.

Amp

Input*

Amp BPF

Mixer Diplexer Buffer Pad

70.1MHz

XTAL

filter

AGC

Det.

Amp

Anti-

alias

filter

Digital

down

converter

(DDC) RSSI,

processing

RX SynthLoop filterRX VCO

Ref VCXO

(12.8MHz)

REF Synth

Ref detect.

Ext.

Ref.

40MHz VCXO

40MHz Synth

To RISC, DSP,

ADC, DDC

100mW

atten. 1W 6W 60W Harmonic

filter

Directional

coupler

Microprocessor

DAC

LPF

PA_KEY

DAC

AC converter

DC converter

10W

standby

input

PA1/PA2 output

40W

Converter

Aux. out (SIF) or

Trickle charger

µP

Standby

Isolate

Reciter output

Rear panel

ON/OFF

µP

Rear

panel

ON/OFF

µP

output

Exciter to

PA RF

Reduced instruction

set computer

(RISC)

ADC

DAC

ADC

TX_KEY

RX_GATE

COAX Relay

CUART

LPF / Directional

Coupler Board

60W

Board

6W Board

Control Board

50W Power Amplifier

C current

sources

PMU

micro-

processor

Power factor

correction

Power Management

Unit

System

Control

bus

System

Control

bus

System Control bus

System

Control

bus

System

Interface Board

Digital Board

RF Board

Path B

Buffer 12.8MHz to

CODECs

Host port

RISC

Digital Signal Processor (DSP)

IF Receiver

front end

Decimating

filter

Reciter

Repeater AC

coupling filter

Line

loopback

Pad

369.9-510.1MHz

H1 = high side

H2 = low side

H3 = low side

VCXO

Buffer

+ coax

driver

VCO

modulation

VCXO

modulation

12.8MHz

TCXO

Cross

Point

Switch

(CPS)

Micro Card

AC Converter Board

DC Converter Board

ADCADC

DACDAC

Transient

wave shape

RF power

setting

Forward

power

Reverse

power

Bias

ADC

Power

control

RX_GATE

RISC

SIO

OTL

encoders

DAC

ADC

Fan

buff.

Fan buffer

fan

PMU

fan

Standby PS card

Auxiliary PS

PCB

RISC

RISC RISC

RISC

Buff

EPOT Buff

EPOT Mute

Sw.

Mute

Sw.

Digital audio output

Buff

EPOT

Digital audio input

Digital

inputs

Digital

outputs

RSSI

output

voltage

Power

from PMU

Power to

external

equipment

Buff

Third party

interface

connections

Discrete

Logic

Conventional

signalling

buffers

EPOTs

Mute Switches

SIF ID

Amp

Amp &

Switch

Vol.

Knob

Compressor Amp.

C port

expanders

Speaker ON/OFF

Fan rotation

Control panel ID

LEDs

Keypad

Mic PTT

Standard

Control Panel

2.5A

polyf us e

Noise

source

switch

RISC

RISC RISC

Buffer

10 or 12.8MHz

Buffer

General I/O

PA_KEY

DAC

Demodulated

audio

Direct demodulated audio output

Direct modulation audio input

Speaker

SIO to

UART RS-232

converter

Rear

panel

RS-232

TX_KEY

COAX Relay

General I/O

Reciter

fan

Fan buffer

RS-232

converter

HPF

Detect

AND

Path A

Path B

Path A (muted)

Path A (un-muted)

Path B (un-muted)

Path B (muted)

*Frequency Bands & Sub-bands

H1 = 400-440MHz

H2 = 440-480MHz

H3 = 470-520MHz

K4 = Rx 792-824MHz

Tx 762-776MHz & 850-870MHz

AGC not fitted to

K band reciters

721.9-753.9MHz

K4 = low side

70 Functional Description TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual

Figure 4.12 TB8100 BSS UHF signal path - L band

Cross

Point

Switch

(CPS)

Balanced

audio

input

Balanced

audio

output

Unbalanced

audio input

Unbalanced

audio output

Decimation

filter

Interpolation

filter

Decimation

filter

Interpolation

filter

Mic.

Test Signal

generator

PIP tones

FFSK

CWID

Selcall

Test tone

OTA

generators

FFSK

Tone remote

Selcall OTL decoders

Unbalanced

Balanced

Line input level

measurements

HPF

Notch filter

Pre-emphasis

Variable delay

Voice filter

Service Kit

Interpolating

filter

Hard limiterLimiter filter

Voice reject

filter

Interpolating

filter DCS

encoder

CTCSS

encoder

TX sub-band signalling

TX path audio processing

Path A

Variable delay

Mute switch

De-emphasis

HPF

CTCSS

decoder

DCS decoder

Voice reject

RX path audio processing

Rx sub-band

signalling

Interpolation

filter

BO audio

measurement

UO audio

measurement

Test signal

sink

Selcall decode

FFSK decode

Voting tones

FFSF

Pip tones

Line out test tone.

Tone remote

Frequency

control

loop

Decimating

filter

Loopback

Cross

Point

Switch

(CPS)

SINAD

processing

Normalisation,

FM Demod,

RSSI & SINAD

measurement

LPF

Switch

Frequency

control loop

quadrature

mixer +

buffers

Change over

switch

Ex SynthEx Loop filterEx VCO

LPF RF

Amp

Input*

Mixer Diplexer Buffer Pad

70.1MHz

XTAL

filter

Amp

Anti-

alias

filter

Digital

down

converter

(DDC) RSSI,

processing

RX SynthLoop filterRX VCO

Ref VCXO

(12.8MHz)

REF Synth

Ref detect.

Ext.

Ref.

40MHz VCXO

40MHz Synth

To RISC, DSP,

ADC, DDC

100mW

atten. 1W 6W 60W Harmonic

filter

Directional

coupler

Microprocessor

DAC

LPF

PA_KEY

DAC

AC converter

DC converter

10W

standby

input

PA1/PA2 output

40W

Converter

Aux. out (SIF) or

Trickle charger

µP

Standby

Isolate

Reciter output

Rear panel

ON/OFF

µP

Rear

panel

ON/OFF

µP

output

Exciter to

PA RF

Reduced instruction

set computer

(RISC)

ADC

DAC

ADC

TX_KEY

RX_GATE

COAX Relay

CUART

LPF / Directional

Coupler Board

60W

Board

6W Board

Control Board

50W Power Amplifier

C current

sources

PMU

micro-

processor

Power factor

correction

Power Management

Unit

System

Control

bus

System

Control

bus

System Control bus

System

Control

bus

System

Interface Board

Digital BoardRF Board

Path B

Buffer 12.8MHz to

CODECs

Host port

RISC

Digital Signal Processor (DSP)

IF Receiver

front end

Decimating

filter

Reciter

Repeater AC

coupling filter

Line

loopback

Pad

L1 = 781.9-783.9MHz

L1 = 857.9-859.9MHz

L2 = 825.9-831.9MHz

low side

VCXO

Buffer

+ coax

driver

VCO

modulation

VCXO

modulation

12.8MHz

TCXO

Cross

Point

Switch

(CPS)

Micro Card

AC Converter Board

DC Converter Board

ADCADC

DACDAC

Transient

wave shape

RF power

setting

Forward

power

Reverse

power

Bias

ADC

Power

control

RX_GATE

RISC

SIO

OTL

encoders

DAC

ADC

Fan

buff.

Fan buffer

fan

PMU

fan

Standby PS card

Auxiliary PS

PCB

RISC

RISC RISC

RISC

Buff

EPOT Buff

EPOT Mute

Sw.

Mute

Sw.

Digital audio output

Buff

EPOT

Digital audio input

Digital

inputs

Digital

outputs

RSSI

output

voltage

Power

from PMU

Power to

external

equipment

Buff

Third party

interface

connections

Discrete

Logic

Conventional

signalling

buffers

EPOTs

Mute Switches

SIF ID

Amp

Amp &

Switch

Vol.

Knob

Compressor Amp.

C port

expanders

Speaker ON/OFF

Fan rotation

Control panel ID

LEDs

Keypad

Mic PTT

Standard

Control Panel

2.5A

polyfuse

Buffer

10 or 12.8MHz

Buffer

General I/O

PA_KEY

DAC

Demodulated

audio

Direct demodulated audio output

Direct modulation audio input

Speaker

SIO to

UART RS-232

converter

Rear

panel

RS-232

TX_KEY

COAX Relay

General I/O

Reciter

fan

Fan buffer

RS-232

converter

HPF

Detect

AND

Path A

Path B

Path A (muted)

Path A (un-muted)

Path B (un-muted)

Path B (muted)

*Frequency Bands & Sub-bands

L1 = 852-854MHz, and 928-930MHz

L2 = 896-902MHz (receive only)

L2 = 927-941MHz (transmit only)

SAW

Filter

SAW

Filter

Switch LPF HPF Switch

SAW

Filter

SAW

Filter

Switch

TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual Functional Description 71

Figure 4.13 TB8100 BSS data, control and monitoring path

100mW 1W 6W 60W Directional

coupler

Power Amplifier

Microprocessor

Bias

AC converter

DC converter

Standby

PS card

input

Auxiliary

PS Board

Aux. out (SIF) or

Trickle charger

Reciter

output

Rear panel

ON/OFF

Rear

panel

ON/OFF

output

TB8100 50W Power Amplifier

Power Management Unit

Microprocessor

TB8100 Power

Management Unit

Reverse

power

Forward

power

PA fan

Temperature ON/

OFF

Temperature ON/OFF Input

voltage

Input

current ON/OFF

ON/

OFF

Sum

Output voltage PA1/PA2

output

Hysteresis

ON/OFF

PMU fan

Ambient

temperature

Current

Temperature

Bias

Current

Temperature

Sum

Control voltage

Transient wave

shape

RF power setting

Power control

Ambient

temperature

C port

expanders

RS232

converter

Speaker ON/OFF

Control panel ID

LEDs

Keypad

Mic PTT

TB8100

Standard

Control Panel

Reduced

Instruction

Set

Computer

(RISC)

Digital

Signal

Processor

(DSP)

Host

port

RF signal

Exciter

External

reference

Power

supply

sub-section

SYS_PWR

PWR_EX

PWR_RX

PWR_GOOD

PA_KEY

Temperature

CODECs

Balanced

audio input

Balanced

audio output

Unbalanced

audio input

Unbalanced

audio output

Buff

EPOT Buff

EPOT Mute

Sw.

Mute

Sw.

Digital audio I/O

Buff

EPOT

Serial

parallel

Parallel

serial

Digital

outputs

Digital

inputs

SIF_ID

SYNC to

UART

Rear

panel

RS-232

PA fan rotation

PMU fan rotation

Ext REF

Det

Ext REF

Select

C Protocol

Service Kit

Protocol

Possible Over The Air (OTA) interfaces are:

- OTA Service Kit protocol

- CCDI(1&2) protocol

- Tait High Speed Data

- C4FM

DDCADC

Receiver

Data

Control

Connection types could be:

- Local Service Kit

- Modem to remote Service Kit

- Modem to ISP (E-mail alarms)

- Tait High Speed Data

- CCDI2

peripheral UART

Synchronous

port 1

Synchronous

port 2

MCSPORT 2

Data

bus

MCSPORT 1

Output current

Serial port

(Not used)

MCSPORT 3

Control

panel

RS-232

TX_KEY

TB8100 Reciter

RX_GATE

COAX_RELAY

atten.

LPF

PA_KEY

HPF

Detect

AND

Reciter Fan

AGC

Noise source

ON /OFF

Synth

Ref

Synth

40MHz

Synth

40MHz

clock

72 Functional Description TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual

TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual Installation 73

5 Installation

This chapter describes how to install the TB8100 BSS in a standard 19 inch

rack or cabinet. It also provides some general information on safety

precautions and site requirements. We recommend that you read the entire

chapter before beginning the installation.

5.1 Personal Safety

5.1.1 Lethal Voltages

Warning!! The PMU contains voltages that may be lethal.

Refer to the ratings label on the rear of the

module.

The TB8100 BSS must be installed so that the rear of the PMU is located

in a service access area. The PMU must be connected to the mains supply

source by trained personnel in accordance with local and national

regulations.

Disconnect the mains IEC connector and wait for five minutes for

the internal voltages to self-discharge before dismantling. The AC

power on/off switch does not isolate the PMU from the mains. It

breaks only the phase circuit, not the neutral.

The PMU should be serviced only by qualified technicians. There are no

user-replaceable parts inside. If the PMU is damaged and does not function

properly, stop the module safely and contact your nearest Tait Dealer or

Customer Service Organisation immediately.

All servicing should be carried out only when the PMU is powered through

a mains isolating transformer of sufficient rating. We strongly

recommend that the mains power to the whole of the repair and test area

is supplied via an earth leakage circuit breaker.

5.1.2 Explosive Environments

Warning!! Do not operate TB8100 BSS equipment near

electrical blasting caps or in an explosive atmos-

phere. Operating the equipment in these envi-

ronments is a definite safety hazard.

74 Installation TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual

5.1.3 Proximity to RF Transmissions

Do not operate the transmitter when someone is standing within 90cm (3ft)

of the antenna. Do not operate the transmitter unless you have checked that

all RF connectors are secure.

5.1.4 High Temperatures

Take care when handling a PMU or PA which has been operating recently.

Under extreme operating conditions (+60°C [+140°F] ambient air

temperature) or high duty cycles the external surfaces of the PMU and PA

can reach temperatures of up to +80°C (+176°F).

5.2 Equipment Safety

5.2.1 ESD Precautions

Important This equipment contains devices which are susceptible to

damage from static charges. You must handle these devices

carefully and according to the procedures described in the

manufacturers’ data books.

We recommend you purchase an antistatic bench kit from a reputable

manufacturer and install and test it according to the manufacturer’s

instructions. Figure 5.1 shows a typical antistatic bench set-up.

You can obtain further information on antistatic precautions and the dangers

of electrostatic discharge (ESD) from standards such as ANSI/ESD

S20.20-1999 or BS EN 100015-4 1994.

Figure 5.1 Typical antistatic bench set-up

common point ground

(building ground or

mains ground via 1M

ohm series resistor)

conductive wrist strap dissipative rubber

bench mat

TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual Installation 75

5.2.2 Antenna Load

Important The PA may be damaged if the load is removed or switched

while the PA is transmitting.

To protect the PA output stage from load transients (i.e. switching or

removing the load), we recommend that you fit an isolator between the PA

and the load. Fit the isolator as close as possible to the RF output connector

on the PA. Do not connect any switching or combining equipment

between the isolator and the PA.

5.2.3 Equipment Grounding

To ensure safe operation the TB8100 BSS equipment must be correctly

grounded as described in these installation instructions.

5.2.4 Installation and Servicing Personnel

The TB8100 BSS should be installed and serviced only by qualified

personnel.

5.3 Regulatory Information

5.3.1 Distress Frequencies

The 406 to 406.1MHz frequency range is reserved worldwide for use by

Distress Beacons. Do not program transmitters to operate in this frequency

range.

5.3.2 FCC Compliance1

This device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject

to the condition that this device does not cause harmful interference.

5.3.3 Unauthorised Modifications

Any modifications you make to this equipment which are not authorised by

Tait Electronics Ltd may invalidate your compliance authority’s approval to

operate the equipment.

1. Refer to the TB8100 Specifications Manual for more information on the compliance standards to

which the TB8100 BSS equipment has been tested and approved.

76 Installation TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual

5.3.4 Health, Safety and Electromagnetic Compatibility in Europe

In the European Community, radio and telecommunications equipment is

regulated by Directive 1999/5/EC, also known as the Radio and

Telecommunications Terminal Equipment (R&TTE) directive. The

requirements of this directive include protection of health and safety of users,

as well as electromagnetic compatibility.

Intended Purpose of

Product This product is an FM radio transceiver. Its intended purpose is for radio

communication in Private Mobile Radio (PMR) services or Public Access

Mobile Radio (PAMR) services.

Important This product can be programmed for frequencies or emis-

sions that may make its use illegal. A license must be

obtained before this product is used. All license require-

ments must be observed. Limitations may apply to trans-

mitter power, operating frequency, channel spacing, and

emission.

Declaration of

Conformity Brief Declarations of Conformity appear on page 143. You can download

the formal Declaration of Conformity from http://eudocs.taitworld.com/.

You can also obtain a signed and dated paper copy of the Declaration of

Conformity from Tait Europe Ltd.

5.4 Environmental Conditions

5.4.1 Operating Temperature Range

The operating temperature range of the TB8100 BSS is –30°C to +60°C

(–22°F to +140°F) ambient temperature. Ambient temperature is defined

as the temperature of the air at the intake to the cooling fans.

5.4.2 Humidity

The humidity should not exceed 95% relative humidity through the

specified operating temperature range.

5.4.3 Dust and Dirt

For uncontrolled environments, the level of airborne particulates must not

exceed 100µg/m3.

TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual Installation 77

5.5 Grounding and Lightning Protection

5.5.1 Electrical Ground

The TB8100 BSS modules are grounded by physical contact between the

module case and the subrack. To ensure a good ground connection you

must tighten each module retaining clamp securely (refer to “Final

Reassembly” on page 101 for the correct torque).

A threaded grounding connector is provided on the rear of the subrack for

connection to the site ground point (refer to “Connection” on page 103 for

more details).

5.5.2 Lightning Ground

It is extremely important for the security of the site and its equipment that

you take adequate precautions against lightning strike. Because it is outside

the scope of this manual to provide comprehensive information on this

subject, we recommend that you conform to your country’s standards

organisation or regulatory body.

5.6 Recommended Tools

It is beyond the scope of this manual to list every tool that an installation

technician should carry. However, the following tools are specifically

required for installing the TB8100 BSS:

■Pozidriv PZ3 screwdriver for the M6 screws used in the DC input

terminals on the PMU; M6 screws are also used to secure the subrack to

the cabinet in Tait factory-assembled systems

■Pozidriv PZ2 screwdriver for the M4 screws used to secure the module

retaining clamps

■0.25in or 6mm flat blade screwdriver for the fasteners used to secure the

front panel to the subrack

■8mm AF spanner for the SMA connectors.

You can also obtain the TBA0ST2 tool kit from your nearest Tait Dealer or

Customer Service Organisation. It contains the basic tools needed to install,

tune and service the TB8100 BSS.

78 Installation TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual

5.7 Ventilation

Always ensure there is adequate ventilation around the TB8100 BSS. Do

not operate it in a sealed cabinet. You must keep the ambient temperature

within the specified range, and we strongly recommended that you ensure

that the cooling airflow is not restricted.

Important The cooling fans are mounted on the front panel and will

only operate when the panel is fitted correctly to the front

of the subrack. To ensure adequate airflow through the

BSS, do not operate it for more than a few minutes with the

front panel removed (e.g. for servicing purposes).

5.7.1 Ambient Air Temperature Sensor

The ambient air temperature reading

for the TB8100 BSS is provided by

the ambient air temperature sensor

board b fitted to the PA control

board.

The sensor board is inserted through

slots in the control board and heatsink

to be positioned between the heatsink

fins.

Important If the sensor board is to provide accurate ambient tempera-

ture readings, it must have forced airflow and must not

come into contact with the metal of the heatsink fins. Do

not stack PAs with the fins together. It is possible for

the fins on one heatsink to slide between the fins on the

other heatsink. This can damage the sensor board, and pos-

sibly result in the heatsink fins becoming locked together.

5.7.2 Cabinet and Rack Ventilation

Refer to Figure 5.2 on page 79.

The cooling airflow for the TB8100 BSS enters through the front panel and

exits at the rear of the subrack. For optimum thermal performance, the

heated air that has passed through a BSS must not be allowed to re-enter the

air intakes on the front panel. Any space at the front of the cabinet not

occupied by equipment should be covered by a blanking panel.

TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual Installation 79

Figure 5.2 Typical cabinet ventilation requirements

bventilation slots dairflow entry

cblanking panels eairflow exit

20cm

(8in)

≥17.5cm

(≥7in)

side view front view

top view

80 Installation TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual

To allow enough cooling airflow through a cabinet-mounted BSS, we

recommend the following:

■an area of at least 150cm2 (23in2) of unrestricted ventilation slots or holes

in front of the air intakes for the fans for each subrack; for example,

thirty 6x85mm (0.25x3.3in) slots will allow the recommended airflow

■a vent in the top of the cabinet with an area of approximately 150cm2

(23in2) per subrack, or a similar area of ventilation per subrack at the rear

of the cabinet behind each subrack

■a 2U gap at the top of the cabinet.

Note The ventilation opening must be unrestricted. If the slots or holes

are covered with a filter, mesh or grille, the open area must be

increased to allow the same airflow as an unrestricted opening.

The maximum ambient temperature entering the cabinet must not exceed

+60°C (+140°F).

If the TB8100 BSS is installed in a rack or cabinet with other equipment

with different ventilation requirements, we recommend that the TB8100 be

positioned below this equipment.

Auxiliary Extractor

Fans The TB8100 BSS does not require auxiliary extractor fans mounted in the

top of the cabinet. If your cabinet is already fitted with fans, the following

procedures apply:

■if there are six or more 120mm (4.75in) fans, each capable of extracting

160m3 per hour (94.2CFM), they must run continuously

■if there are fewer than six fans, you must remove them and ensure the

vent in the top of the cabinet has an area of approximately 150cm2

(23in2) per subrack.

If you have any other configuration, the performance of your system will

depend on how closely you comply with the TB8100 BSS airflow

requirements described above.

TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual Installation 81

5.8 Installing the Base Station System

Caution A TB8100 subrack complete with modules can

weigh up to 28kg (62lb), or up to 30kg (66lb) com-

plete with packaging. We recommend that, once

the equipment is out of the carton, you remove the

modules from the subrack before moving the equip-

ment again. Otherwise, have another person help

you with the lifting. In all cases follow safe lifting

practices.

5.8.1 Unpacking the Equipment

Unpacking the

TB8100 BSS The TB8100 BSS is packed in a strong corrugated cardboard carton with

top and bottom foam cushions. To prevent personal injury and damage to

the equipment, we recommend that two people unpack the BSS.

1. Cut the tape securing the flaps at the top of the carton and fold them

flat against the sides b.

2. Rotate the carton carefully onto its side c and then onto its top d,

ensuring that none of the flaps is trapped underneath.

Figure 5.3 Unpacking the TB8100 BSS

82 Installation TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual

3. Slide the carton upwards over the foam cushions and lift it away e.

Remove the cushion from the bottom of the BSS f.

4. Rotate the BSS and cushion carefully over the rear of the BSS g so

that the BSS is the right way up with the cushion on top h. Remove

the cushion from the top of the BSS i.

Disposal of

Packaging If you do not need to keep the packaging, we recommend that you recycle

it according to your local recycling methods. The foam cushions are CFC-

and HCFC-free and may be burnt in a suitable waste-to-energy combustion

facility, or compacted in landfill.

5.8.2 Mounting the Subrack

Caution We recommend that you remove the modules from

the subrack before lifting it (refer to “Replacing

Modules” on page 87), or have another person help

you with the lifting.

Figure 5.4 Subrack mounting points

bmain mounting holes - front cauxiliary mounting holes - rear

front view

rear view

TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual Installation 83

1. Remove the front panel, as described in “Preliminary Disassembly”

on page 88.

2. Fit the subrack into the cabinet or rack and secure it firmly with an

M6 (or 0.25in if you are using imperial fittings) screw, flat and spring

washer in each of the four main mounting holes b, as shown in

Figure 5.4 on page 82.

Note If you need extra mounting security, there are additional mount-

ing holes c provided at the rear of the subrack for auxiliary sup-

port brackets.

5.8.3 Auxiliary Support Bracket

TBA2140 auxiliary support brackets can be fitted to the rear of the TB8100

subrack to provide additional mounting security. Figure 5.5 below shows a

standard TBA2140 bracket b fitted in a typical Tait Electronics cabinet c.

If you are not using a Tait cabinet, you may have to make your own brackets

to suit your installation.

Important You must fit the auxiliary support brackets if you intend to

transport a cabinet fitted with a fully built-up TB8100 BSS.

We also recommend that you fit the brackets under the following

conditions:

■when the installation is in an area prone to earthquakes

■when third party equipment is installed hard up underneath the TB8100

BSS subrack.

Figure 5.5 Auxiliary support bracket

84 Installation TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual

5.8.4 Optional Slide Mounting Rails

You can also use TBA2141 slide mounting rails b when mounting the

TB8100 BSS in a cabinet, as shown in Figure 5.6 below. These rails will

support the BSS while you slide it into the cabinet.

However, you must still secure the BSS to the cabinet with four M6 (0.25in)

screws through the main mounting holes on the front of the subrack, as

shown in Figure 5.4 on page 82.

Important The slide mounting rails are not suitable for transporting a

cabinet fitted with a fully built-up TB8100 BSS. In this

case, you must also fit the TBA2140 auxiliary support

brackets to the upper set of rear mounting holes c.

5.8.5 Cabling

General We recommend that you try to route all cables to and from the TB8100 BSS

along the side of the cabinet so the cooling airflow is not restricted.

DC Power Cabling DC power cables should be well supported so that the terminals on the

PMU and on the ends of the cables do not have to support the full weight

of the cables.

Figure 5.6 Optional slide mounting rail - rear view

TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual Installation 85

Figure 5.7 below shows two recommended methods of securing these cables

to prevent straining either set of terminals.

Figure 5.7 DC power cabling

secure the cables to the

cabinet to support their

weight

86 Installation TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual

TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual Replacing Modules 87

6 Replacing Modules

Caution The TB8100 PA and PMU weigh between 4.6kg

(10.1lb) and 5.8kg (12.8lb) each. Take care when

handling these modules to avoid personal injury.

Important The cooling fans are mounted on the front panel and will

only operate when the panel is fitted correctly to the front

of the subrack. To ensure adequate airflow through the base

station, do not operate it for more than a few minutes with

the front panel removed (e.g. for servicing purposes). Both

the PMU and PA modules have built-in protection mech-

anisms to prevent damage from overheating.

6.1 Saving the Base Station’s Configuration

Before replacing a module in the TB8100 BSS, you should decide whether

you need to save its configuration data. If you are unsure whether you have

a record of the configuration, use the Service Kit to read the base station and

save the configuration file before removing any modules. Once you have

replaced the module, you will be able to restore the original configuration

by programming the saved configuration back into the base station. If one

or more of the modules is faulty, you may be unable to read the base station.

In this case, you will have to restore the configuration from a back-up file.

Refer to the Service Kit and its associated documentation for more

information.

88 Replacing Modules TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual

6.2 Preliminary Disassembly

Hot-pluggable

Modules The reciter, PA and control panel are hot-pluggable and can be removed

from the TB8100 BSS without powering down the whole BSS. These

modules can also be removed without disrupting the system control bus

communications with the other modules in the BSS.

Important In base station systems which use a PMU, the PMU must

be connected to the system control bus at all times. The

I2C current source is located in the PMU, and if the PMU

is disconnected, the state of much of the bus will be unde-

fined. This may cause corrupted data to be present on the

bus when the reciter reads the states of the switches on the

control panel. This in turn may result in random actuations

of microphone PTT, carrier, or speaker key, causing the

BSS to transmit or the speaker to be actuated incorrectly.

In a dual base station system, you can remove the reciter and/or PA from

one base station without disrupting the operation of the other base station.

If you want to disconnect the power before working on the BSS, carry out

the instructions in “Disconnect the Power” below.

Important Before removing a PA, disconnect the DC input and RF

input first, followed by the RF output (and DC output on

the 12V PA). After refitting the PA, reconnect the RF

output (and DC output on the 12V PA) first, followed by

the RF input, and then the DC input.

Disconnect the

Power 1. Turn off the AC b and DC c switches at the rear of the PMU.

bcdef g

PMU 12V PA

TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual Replacing Modules 89

2. Also at the rear of the PMU disconnect the mains d and battery e

supply leads, and the auxiliary DC supply lead f (if fitted).

3. If the base station is using a 12V PA, disconnect the battery supply

lead g.

Remove the Front

Panel 1. Undo the fastener at each end of the front panel b with a quarter

turn anti-clockwise.

2. While supporting the left end of the front panel, place your fingers in

the recess provided on the left side of the control panel opening c

and pull the right end of the front panel away from the subrack. You

will need to overcome the resistance of the spring clip securing the

front panel to the control panel.

6.3 Replacing the Control Panel

Removal 1. If you have not already done so, carry out the instructions in

“Preliminary Disassembly” on page 88.

2. Undo the retaining screw b. Note that the screw stays attached to

the control panel.

3. Pull the bottom of the control panel away from the subrack c to

disconnect the D-range socket on the back of the panel from the plug

d on the subrack.

4. Pull the control panel down e to disengage the centre tab f from

the subrack.

lockedunlocked

90 Replacing Modules TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual

Refitting 1. Fit the top of the control panel to the subrack so that the centre tab

is behind the lip of the subrack and between the two locating tabs

formed in the lip. Push the control panel firmly upwards g.

2. Align the D-range socket on the back of the control panel with the

plug on the subrack. Gently push the bottom of the panel home

against the subrack h to engage the plug into the socket.

3. Insert the securing screw into the floating nut i in the subrack and

tighten. Note that you may have to push the screw in and down to

pick up the floating nut.

4. Carry out the instructions in “Final Reassembly” on page 101.

6.4 Replacing the Reciter

Removal 1. If you have not already done so, carry out the instructions in

“Preliminary Disassembly” on page 88, and remove the control

panel, as described in “Replacing the Control Panel” on page 89.

2. At the rear of the reciter, unplug the RF input cable b, any system

cables c and the external reference cable d (if fitted).

standard control panel shown

TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual Replacing Modules 91

3. At the front of the reciter, unplug the DC input cable e and the RF

output cable f, and move both cables to one side. Unplug both ends

of the system control bus g and remove it.

4. Loosen the screw securing the retaining clamp h and rotate the

clamp through 90° to clear the module.

5. Slide the reciter out of the subrack, taking care not to damage any of

the cables.

Refitting 1. Slide the replacement reciter into the subrack and secure it with the

retaining clamp. Ensure that you set its hex switch i to the same

number as the original reciter.

2. Reconnect all the front and rear panel cables previously disconnected.

Ensure the front panel cables are retained by the cable retaining clips

j in the top of the subrack.

Important Do not force the system control bus behind the reciter

handle as this may damage the ribbon cable.

Note If you need to remove any front panel cables, simply pull the front

of the cable retaining clip down and then slide it out from the sub-

rack until it reaches the end of its travel.

3. Tighten the nut on the SMA connector to a torque of 0.9Nm

(8lbf·in).

4. Refit the control panel, as described in “Replacing the Control

Panel” on page 89.

5. Carry out the instructions in “Final Reassembly” on page 101.

bcd igfh

92 Replacing Modules TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual

6.5 Replacing the Power Amplifier

Important Before removing a PA, disconnect the DC input and RF

input first, followed by the RF output (and DC output on

the 12V PA). After refitting the PA, reconnect the RF

output (and DC output on the 12V PA) first, followed by

the RF input, and then the DC input.

Removal 1. If you have not already done so, carry

out the instructions in “Preliminary

Disassembly” on page 88. If

necessary, remove the control panel,

as described in “Replacing the

Control Panel” on page 89.

2. At the rear of the PA, unplug the RF

output cable b. 12V PA only: also

unplug the battery supply lead c,

and Power Saving control cable d

(if fitted).

3. At the front of the PA, unplug the DC input cable (DC output cable

on the 12V PA) b and the RF input cable c, and move both cables

to one side. Unplug both ends of the system control bus d and

remove it.

4. Loosen the screw securing the retaining clamp(s) e and rotate the

clamp(s) through 90° to clear the module.

5. Slide the PA out of the subrack, taking care not to damage any of the

cables.

cdb

bed

ddec

(obscured)

TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual Replacing Modules 93

Refitting 1. Slide the replacement PA into the subrack and secure it with the

retaining clamp(s).

2. Reconnect all the front and rear panel cables previously disconnected.

Ensure the front panel cables are retained by the cable retaining clips

in the top of the subrack.

Note If you need to remove any front panel cables, simply pull the front

of the cable retaining clip down and then slide it out from the sub-

rack until it reaches the end of its travel.

3. Tighten the nut on the SMA connector to a torque of 0.9Nm

(8lbf·in).

4. If necessary, refit the control panel, as described in “Replacing the

Control Panel” on page 89.

5. Carry out the instructions in “Final Reassembly” on page 101.

6.6 Replacing the Power Management Unit

Important You must disconnect the AC and DC power cables before

removing the PMU from the subrack.

Removal 1. If you have not already done so, carry

out the instructions in “Preliminary

Disassembly” on page 88.

2. At the front of the PMU, unplug the

output power cable(s) b and system

control bus c, and move them to

one side.

3. Loosen the screw securing the

retaining clamps d and rotate the

clamps through 90° to clear the

module.

4. Slide the PMU out of the subrack,

taking care not to damage any of the

cables.

Refitting 1. Slide the replacement PMU into the subrack and secure it with the

retaining clamps.

2. Reconnect all the front and rear panel cables previously disconnected.

Connect the DC power cables on the rear panel as shown in

Figure 5.7 on page 85. Ensure the front panel cables are retained by

the cable retaining clips in the top of the subrack.

dbcd

(obscured)

94 Replacing Modules TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual

Note If you need to remove any front panel cables, simply pull the front

of the cable retaining clip down and then slide it out from the sub-

rack until it reaches the end of its travel.

3. Carry out the instructions in “Final Reassembly” on page 101.

6.7 Replacing the Front Panel Fans

Unless otherwise indicated, the following instructions refer to Figure 6.1 on

page 96.

Removal 1. If you have not already done so, carry out the instructions in

“Preliminary Disassembly” on page 88.

2. PA Fan

a. Remove the four screws labelled b and remove the duct and fan

assembly from the front panel.

b. Unplug the fan from the fan contact board c.

c. Remove the fours screws holding the fan into the duct d and

remove the fan.

3. PMU Fan

a. Remove the PA fan/duct assembly as described above.

b. Remove the two screws labelled e and remove the PMU fan/

duct assembly.

c. Unplug the fan from the fan contact board f.

d. Remove the fours screws holding the fan into the duct g and

remove the fan.

Refitting 1. Fit the replacement fan into the duct with the power wires located in

the slot in the side of the duct h.

2. Refit the four screws securing the fan into the duct. Do not

overtighten these screws or you will distort the fan body.

3. PMU Fan

a. Refit the PMU fan/duct assembly onto its mounting bosses. Note

that the two inner mounting tabs i fit over the bosses.

b. Plug the fan into the fan contact board f and route the wires

around the PA fan opening j.

c. Refit the two screws labelled e.

d. Refit the PA fan as described below.

TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual Replacing Modules 95

4. PA Fan

a. Plug the power wires into the fan contact board c and route the

wires around the PA fan opening j.

b. Refit the PA fan/duct assembly onto its mounting bosses. Note

that the two inner mounting tabs 1) fit over the inner tabs of the

PMU fan. Ensure that all the power wires are secured under the

retaining hooks 1! and are not crimped.

c. Refit the fours screws labelled b.

5. Carry out the instructions in “Final Reassembly” on page 101.

Important You must connect the fans to the correct sockets on the fan

contact board. If the fan connections are reversed, the

wrong fan will be activated when a module needs cooling.

The module may then fold back and shut down. When you

power-up the TB8100 BSS, check that the PMU fan runs

first, followed by the PA fan. Each fan will run for about

five seconds.

Important You must refit the correct duct to the PA fan. There are

several small but important differences between the duct for

a 5W or 50W PA and the duct for a 100W PA. Refer to

Figure 6.3 on page 101 for more details.

96 Replacing Modules TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual

Figure 6.1 Replacing the front panel fans

hhg

ij1)1!

PA fan PMU fan

PA fan connector

PMU fan connector

100W base station front panel shown

TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual Replacing Modules 97

6.8 Replacing the Module Guide Rails

The module guide rails are held in place by four hooks that fit through the

slots in the top and bottom of the subrack. There is also a locking tab which

prevents the guide rails from working loose.

Removal 1. Bottom Guide Rails

a. Insert a small flat-blade screwdriver under the front end of the

guide rail and lift it slightly b. This will ensure the small locking

tab is clear of the slot in the subrack.

b. Whilst holding the front end of the guide rail up, pull the guide

rail towards the front of the subrack c and lift it clear of the slots.

2. Top Rails

a. Insert a small flat-blade screwdriver under the rear end of the

guide rail and lift it slightly d. This will ensure the small locking

tab is clear of the slot in the subrack.

b. Whilst holding the rear end of the guide rail up, pull the guide rail

towards the rear of the subrack e and lift it clear of the slots.

Refitting 1. Bottom Guide Rails

a. With the locating hooks pointing towards the rear of the subrack,

insert the hooks into the slots in the subrack.

b. Push the guide rail towards the rear of the subrack until you hear

the locking tab “click” into place.

2. Top Guide Rails

a. With the locating hooks pointing towards the front of the subrack,

insert the hooks into the slots in the subrack.

b. Push the guide rail towards the front of the subrack until you hear

the locking tab “click” into place.

bottom guide rail top guide rail

98 Replacing Modules TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual

6.9 Replacing the Subrack Interconnect Board

There are two types of subrack interconnect board available, as described in

the following table.

Figure 6.2 on page 99 shows the two types of board, and “Switch Settings”

on page 100 explains the settings for the switches on the dual base station

board.

Removal 1. If you have not already done so, carry out the instructions in

“Preliminary Disassembly” on page 88, and remove the control

panel, as described in “Replacing the Control Panel” on page 89.

2. Disconnect any system control bus cables.

3. Remove the M3 nuts and spring washers b securing the

interconnect board to the subrack, as shown in Figure 6.2.

4. Remove the board. If you are changing the type of board, also

remove the insulator c.

Refitting 1. If previously removed, replace the insulator. If you are changing the

type of board, you must fit the matching insulator.

2. Refit the board and secure with the M3 nuts and spring washers.

3. If you have fitted a dual base station interconnect board, set the

switches of S1 d as described in “Switch Settings” on page 100.

4. Reconnect the system control bus cables as shown in Figure 6.2.

Note The system control bus connections shown in Figure 6.2 apply to

all single and dual base station systems.

Interconnect Board Description

single base station for single base stations with PMU

dual base station ■for dual base stations with PMU

■for single and dual base stations with 12V PA

TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual Replacing Modules 99

Figure 6.2 Replacing the subrack interconnect board

bc x3

single base station

dual base station - IPN 220-02037-02

dual base station - IPN 220-02037-04 and later

reciter 2reciter 1

PA 2

PA 1/PMU

system control bus connections

100 Replacing Modules TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual

Switch Settings You must set the switches on the dual base station interconnect board

correctly. The switch settings depend on the type of base station(s) installed

in the subrack, and on the part number (IPN) of the board itself.

Table 6.1 gives the switch settings for older boards with the part number

220-02037-02. This board can only be used with dual base stations using a

PMU.

Table 6.2 gives the switch settings for newer boards with the part number

220-02037-04 and later. These boards can be used with dual base stations

using a PMU, and with single or dual 12V PA base stations.

Table 6.1 Switch S1 settings - IPN 220-02037-02

Switch Function

Dual Base Station

with PMU

State

1CH1 select button active on

2CH2 select button active on

3independent CH1 and CH2 channels Tait use only - leave on

4channel 2 I2C_CLK pullup on

5channel 2 I2C_DATA pullup on

6unused off

7grounded CAN off

8connected CH1 and CH2 channels Tait use only - leave off

Table 6.2 Switch S1 settings - IPN 220-02037-04 and later

Switch Function

Dual Base Station

with PMU

Single or Dual Base

Station with 12V PA

State State

1CH1 select button active on single - off

dual - on

2CH2 select button active on single - off

dual - on

3independent CH1 and CH2 channels Tait use only - leave on Tait use only - leave on

4channel 1 I2C_CLK pullup off on

5channel 1 I2C_DATA pullup off on

6channel 2 I2C_CLK pullup on on

7channel 2 I2C_DATA pullup on on

8connected CH1 and CH2 channels Tait use only - leave off Tait use only - leave off

TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual Replacing Modules 101

6.10 Final Reassembly

Important You must refit the correct type of front panel to your

TB8100 BSS. There are several small but important differ-

ences between the front panel for a 5W or 50W BSS and

the front panel for a 100W BSS. These differences are in

the duct for the PA fan and are described in the following

paragraphs.

5W or 50W Front

Panel The PA fan duct does not have the cut-outs b required for the 100W PA

RF and DC cables. The break-off tab c will also still be present and will

jam on the system control bus. Do not try to fit this front panel to a 100W

BSS or you will damage these cables and possibly the front panel itself.

100W Front Panel Do not fit this front panel to a 5W or 50W BSS. The presence of the cut-

outs and absence of the break-off tab will allow air to escape and reduce the

velocity of air directed through the heatsink.

Figure 6.3 Identifying the correct front panel

100W front panel:

the PA fan duct has cut-outs

but no break-off tab

5W or 50W front panel:

the PA fan duct has the break-

off tab but no cut-outs

102 Replacing Modules TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual

1. Before fitting the front panel, ensure that all cables are secured and

positioned correctly so they are clear of the fan ducts (refer to

Figure 7.1 on page 104 and Figure 7.3 on page 106). Otherwise the

panel may not fit properly, or you may damage the cables.

2. Refit the Front Panel

a. Fit the front panel onto the locating pegs on the subrack Fit the

left end first, followed by the right end, pressing the panel in the

centre as shown b to secure the spring clip behind the control

panel.

b. Secure the fastener at each end c with a quarter turn clockwise.

Align the slot horizontally, then press the fastener in and turn to

lock.

3. Before powering up the base station, check that all power, RF and

system cables are connected correctly and securely at the rear of the

base station.

Important When refitting modules, make sure they are fitted correctly

into the subrack and all retaining clamps are securely tight-

ened. The recommended torque for the retaining clamp

screws is 1.9Nm (17lbf·in). As well as holding the modules

in place, the retaining clamps push the modules hard against

the rear rail of the subrack to ensure a good ground connec-

tion between the modules and subrack.

lockedunlocked

TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual Connection 103

7 Connection

Once the TB8100 BSS hardware is installed, you need to connect the

individual modules to each other, and to any ancillary equipment required

in your system. This chapter provides information on all the inputs and

outputs available on the TB8100 BSS.

7.1 Overview of Inputs and Outputs

This section identifies the main input and output connections for the

TB8100 BSS.

■Figure 7.1 on page 104 identifies the connections at the front of a dual

base station, and Figure 7.4 on page 107 identifies those at the rear.

■Figure 7.2 on page 105 identifies the connections at the front of a dual

12V PA base station, and Figure 7.5 on page 108 identifies those at the

rear.

■Figure 7.3 on page 106 identifies the connections at the front of a single

100W base station.

■Figure 7.6 on page 108, and Figure 7.7 and Figure 7.8 on page 109

identify the connections on the standard, dual base station, and Power

Save control panels.

Refer to the following sections in this chapter for more details on these

connections.

104 Connection TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual

Important In base station systems which use a PMU, the PMU must

be connected to the system control bus at all times. The

I2C current source is located in the PMU, and if the PMU

is disconnected, the state of much of the bus will be unde-

fined. This may cause corrupted data to be present on the

bus when the reciter reads the states of the switches on the

control panel. This in turn may result in random actuations

of microphone PTT, carrier, or speaker key, causing the

BSS to transmit or the speaker to be actuated incorrectly.

Figure 7.1 Dual 5W or 50W base station inputs and outputs - front view

b28VDC high current output for PA f28VDC high current input cable from PMU

c28VDC low current output for reciter gRF output to PA

dsystem control bus h28VDC low current input from PMU

eRF input from reciter iDC output (for optional reciter fan only)

bcd e ghfgh

ddidiefd

PA 1 PA 2 reciter 2PMU reciter 1

TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual Connection 105

Figure 7.2 Dual 5W or 50W 12V PA base station inputs and outputs - front view

b12VDC output for reciter e12VDC input from PA

cRF input from reciter fDC output (for optional reciter fan only)

dRF output to PA gsystem control bus

cdeb

gfg

PA 2 reciter 1

reciter 2

PA 1

106 Connection TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual

Figure 7.3 Single 100W base station inputs and outputs - front view

b28VDC high current output for PA fsystem control bus

c28VDC low current output for reciter gDC output (for optional reciter fan only)

dRF output to PA h28VDC high current input cable from PMU

e28VDC low current input from PMU iRF input from reciter

bc de

hfgfi

PA reciter

PMU

TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual Connection 107

Figure 7.4 Single 5W or 50W base station inputs and outputs - rear view

bsystem interface connector gauxiliary DC output

cexternal reference frequency input hAC mains input

dRF output (to antenna) iRF input (from antenna)

e–VDC input jauxiliary DC input for system interfacea

f+VDC input 1) subrack ground connector

a. Older system interface boards use the 4-way connector shown in the photograph, while the TaitNet RS-232 board

and all other boards manufactured after March 2005 use a 2-way connector. Refer to “Reciter Auxiliary DC Input

from PMU” on page 113 for more details.

cdfe

hgij

PAreciter PMU

108 Connection TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual

Figure 7.5 Single 5W or 50W 12V PA base station inputs and outputs - rear view

bRS-232 connector gPower Saving control input

cexternal reference frequency input hRF input (from antenna)

dauxiliary DC input for system interface iTaitNet system interface connector

eRF output (to antenna) jsubrack ground connector

f12VDC input

fhi

reciter

reciter shown with TaitNet RS-232

system interface board

Figure 7.6 Standard control panel inputs and outputs

bDC outputs for fans mounted on front panel;

also used for fan rotation detectors (if fitted)

dRS-232 programming port

cmicrophone connector

TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual Connection 109

Note The microphone input feeds simultaneously to both base station 1

and base station 2. However, the PTT can only be used on the

currently selected base station. The RS-232 connection is only to

the reciter on the currently selected base station. You should dis-

connect the Service Kit before switching base stations.

Note When a reciter fitted with a TaitNet RS-232 system interface

board is used in a TB8100 BSS, the RS-232 port on the control

panel is disabled. In this situation you must connect to the

RS-232 port at the rear of the reciter. Refer to “TaitNet

RS-232” on page 122 for more details.

Note If high-power HF equipment is located close to the TB8100 BSS,

it can sometimes cause interference to RS-232 serial port commu-

nications. If this interference does occur, we recommend fitting

ferrites on the serial cable close to the control panel. This recom-

mendation only applies to communication equipment perma-

nently connected to the BSS.

Figure 7.7 Dual base station control panel inputs and outputs

bDC outputs for fans mounted on front panel;

also used for fan rotation detectors (if fitted)

dRS-232 programming port

cmicrophone connector

Figure 7.8 Power Save control panel inputs and outputs

bDC outputs for fans mounted on front panel;

also used for fan rotation detectors (if fitted)

cRS-232 programming port

110 Connection TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual

7.2 Power Supply Connections

7.2.1 AC Power

The TB8100 PMU is designed to accept a mains input of 88 to 264VAC at

45 to 65Hz. We recommend that a standard 3-wire grounded outlet is used

to supply the AC power. The socket-outlet must be installed near the

equipment and must be easily accessible. This outlet should be connected

to an AC power supply capable of providing a maximum of 600W. The

requirements of two typical AC supplies are given in the following table.

Your TB8100 BSS should come supplied

with a power supply cord to connect the

male IEC connector on the PMU to the

local AC supply. The pins of the IEC

connector on the PMU are identified at

right.

7.2.2 DC Power

DC Power with PMU The TB8100 PMU is designed to accept a nominal 12VDC, 24VDC or

48VDC input (depending on the model) with negative or positive ground.

There is a minimum DC startup threshold to prevent damaging a battery

which has little capacity left.

You must connect the DC supply from the battery to the PMU via a fuse or

DC-rated circuit breaker with the appropriate rating, as shown in the table

Nominal Supply

Voltage Current Requirement Circuit Breaker/Fuse

Rating

115VAC 8A 10A

230VAC 4A 6A

ground

external view

neutral

phase

Figure 7.9 Recommended DC power connection

Battery

PMU or

12V PA

Circuit Breaker

or Fuse

TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual Connection 111

below. The DC input leads should be of a suitable gauge to ensure less than

0.2V drop at maximum load over the required length of lead.

Terminate and insulate the DC input leads so they are protected from

accidentally shorting to the subrack if the PMU is removed before the leads

are disconnected.

DC Power with 12V

PA The TB8100 12V PA is designed to accept a nominal 12VDC input with

negative ground. There is a minimum DC startup threshold to prevent

damaging a battery which has little capacity left.

You must connect the DC supply from the battery to the PA via a fuse or

DC-rated circuit breaker with the appropriate rating, as shown in the table

below. The DC input leads should be of a suitable gauge to ensure less than

0.2V drop at maximum load over the required length of lead.

The pin allocations for the 2-way DC input connector are shown below.

Nominal Supply

Voltage

Circuit Breaker/Fuse

Rating

Recommended Wire

Gaugea

a. For a length of 1.5m to 2m (5ft to 6.5ft) (typical).

12VDC 60A 2AWG / 35mm2

24VDC 30A 5AWG / 16mm2

48VDC 15A 8AWG / 8mm2

Nominal Supply

Voltage

Circuit Breaker/Fuse

Rating

Recommended Wire

Gaugea

a. For a length of 1.5m to 2m (5ft to 6.5ft) (typical).

12VDC 15A to 18A 8AWG / 8mm2

Pin Description

1+V input

2 ground

2-way connector - external view

112 Connection TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual

7.2.3 Auxiliary DC Power

PMU Auxiliary DC

Output The PMU can provide an auxiliary DC output when it is fitted with the

optional auxiliary power supply board. This board is available with an

output of 13.65VDC, 27.3VDC, or 54.6VDC (depending on the model),

and is current limited to 3A, 1.5A or 750mA respectively. This optional

power supply is available on the auxiliary DC output connector b on the

rear panel. DC from this output can be supplied to the +AUX_V pin on

the system interface connector c on the reciter via the auxiliary DC input

connector d on the system interface board (see “Reciter Auxiliary DC

Input from PMU” below). The auxiliary DC power cables e are described

in “Auxiliary DC Power Supply Connections” on page 114.

The auxiliary power supply is configured with the Service Kit (Configure >

Base Station > Miscellaneous > Power configuration > Auxiliary power

control). Its operation can be controlled by Task Manager statements, for

example:

IF Digital input 01 active THEN Enable auxiliary supply.

Refer to the Service Kit documentation for more details.

We do not recommend connecting two or more auxiliary power supply

boards in parallel to increase the current supply to external equipment. In

this situation, the auxiliary board with the highest voltage will try to supply

all the current required, until it goes into current limit and the voltage

reduces to the level where another board will begin to supply power.

Running an auxiliary board continuously in current limit will reduce its life

span and reliability. Also, if one auxiliary board fails or is switched off when

a base station is powered down for some reason, the remaining auxiliary

boards will be unable to supply the required current and will go into current

limit, possibly causing the external equipment to shut down.

It is, however, acceptable to connect two or more auxiliary power supply

boards in parallel (e.g. for redundancy), as long as the current consumption

of the external equipment is less than the rating of one board. This means

that, even if only one auxiliary board is functioning, it will still be able to

supply the current requirements of the external equipment.

Figure 7.10 Auxiliary DC power supply connections

TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual Connection 113

Two different types of auxiliary DC output connector have been fitted to

the PMU. The pin allocations for the 8-way connector fitted to PMUs

manufactured before August 2004 are given in the following table. Note

that pins 1 to 4 and pins 5 to 8 on this connector are linked.

The pin allocations for the 2-way connector fitted to PMUs manufactured

from August 2004 onwards are given in the following table.

Reciter Auxiliary DC

Input from PMU The system interface board in the reciter has an auxiliary DC input

connector. DC from the auxiliary DC output on the PMU can be supplied

to the +AUX_V pin on the system interface connector via this input (see

“PMU Auxiliary DC Output” above).

The pin allocations for the auxiliary DC input on the system interface board

are given in the following table. Older boards use the 4-way connector,

while the TaitNet RS-232 board and all other boards manufactured after

March 2005 use the 2-way connector. Note that pins 1 & 3 and pins 2 & 4

on the 4-way connector are linked. Refer to “System Connections” on

page 116 for the pin allocations for +AUX_V on each system interface

board.

Pin Description Links

1 +V output

2 +V output

3 +V output

4 +V output

5 ground

6 ground

7 ground

8 ground

Pin Description

1 +V output

2 ground

8-way connector - external view

2-way connector - external view

114 Connection TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual

The DC output from the PMU is 13.65VDC, 27.3VDC, or 54.6VDC

(depending on the model). Although this power output is isolated, the

negative side of the supply is grounded on the system interface board to give

a +V output.

Auxiliary DC Power

Supply Connections Figure 7.11 below shows the standard Tait auxiliary DC power cables

available. Details of the individual connector types are also provided in case

you want to make up your own cables.

Pin Description Links

1 +V input

2ground

3 +V input

4ground

2-way connector - external view

4-way connector - external view

Figure 7.11 Auxiliary DC power cables

b2x2-way Molex 43025-0400/

crimp socket 43030-0001 female

dPhoenix MVSTBR2.5HC/2-ST/5.08

female

c2x4-way Molex 43025-0800/

crimp socket 43030-0001 female

e2x1-way Molex 43025-0200/

crimp socket 43030-0001 female

219-02895-00

(was TBA2241)

219-02896-00

(was TBA2242)

TBA2241

TBA2242

as sold up to

August 2004

as sold from August

2004 onwards

TBA2243

TBA2244

for use with the TaitNet RS-232 system interface

board, and all other boards made after March 2005

Obsolete

Current

TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual Connection 115

Note that the PMU connector used in the TBA2241 and TBA2242 cables

was changed in August 2004 to match the change of connector in the PMU.

The old cables are still available under Tait part numbers 219-02895-00

(single) and 219-02896-00 (double). Contact your nearest Tait Dealer or

Customer Service Organisation for details on the full range of wiring kits

available.

7.3 RF Connections

Important The PA may be damaged if the load is removed or switched

while the PA is transmitting.

To protect the PA output stage from load transients (i.e. switching or

removing the load), we recommend that you fit an isolator between the PA

and the load. Fit the isolator as close as possible to the RF output connector

on the PA. Do not connect any switching or combining equipment

between the isolator and the PA.

The RF input to the TB8100 BSS is via the lower BNC/TNC connector

on the rear panel of the reciter. The RF output is via the N-type connector

on the rear panel of the PA (refer to Figure 7.4 on page 107).

We recommend that you use dual-screened coaxial cable such as RG223 for

the BNC/TNC connections, and RG214 for the N-type connections.

When the base station is used in simplex mode using a single antenna with

a coaxial changeover relay, the isolation of this relay must be ≥40dB.

116 Connection TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual

7.4 System Connections

The reciter can be fitted with an optional system interface board which

provides the links between the reciter’s internal circuitry and external

equipment. This board is securely mounted to the reciter’s chassis and is

connected to the digital board with a flexible connector. The system

interface board is fitted with industry-standard connectors and several

standard types are available for different applications.

The circuitry on the system interface board provides additional signal

processing so that the outputs meet standard system requirements. It also

enables the board to identify itself to the reciter control circuitry. The

system interface board is removable, which makes it possible to change the

application of a reciter by removing one type of board and fitting another.

Only one system interface board can be fitted to a reciter at any one time.

This section provides details on the system interface boards available at the

time of publication. Other types may be developed for future applications.

Figure 7.12 System interface board

system interface board*

digital board

*standard system interface board shown

TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual Connection 117

7.4.1 Digital Interface

The system interface board provides several different types of digital

interface connections. The type and number of connections available

depends on the type of system interface board. These connections are

described in “System Interface Connections” on page 118, and also in the

Service Kit (Configure > Base Station > System Interface). For details on

the interface levels for these connections refer to the Specifications Manual.

The digital interface signals supported by the TB8100 base station are

described below.

Digital Inputs Digital inputs are read by the reciter RISC and can be used to perform

various actions based on the configuration of the reciter. The two major

uses for digital inputs are Channel Change and Task Manager. For example,

to send a status email when the status of a digital input line is changed, you

can use the following Task Manager statement: IF Digital input 01 active

THEN Email status now.

Digital Outputs All digital outputs are controlled by Task Manager statements. For example,

when any enabled base station alarm goes active, you can indicate this by

turning on digital output 1 with the following Task Manager statement: IF

Base station alarm on THEN Activate digital output 1.

Note Digital outputs 1 and 2 on the reciter may be active while the

TB8100 base station is powering up. This applies to reciters fitted

with a version 0 (zero) system interface board, but does not apply

to reciters fitted with a TaitNet RS-232 system interface board. If

this will cause problems for external equipment connected to the

base station, disconnect the system interface connector when

resetting the base station. To check the version of a system inter-

face board, run the Service Kit and select Monitor > Module

Details > Reciter. In the Versions area, the System Interface

field displays the version number.

Bidirectional Inputs/

Outputs Bidirectional signals can operate as either digital inputs or digital outputs,

based on how Task Manager is configured. Bidirectional signals use the

same processes described above to set and read the status of digital inputs and

outputs. When a bidirectional pin has its output activated, a reading of that

pin will reflect the current status on that line. Thus, it is possible to use a

bidirectional pin for input-only or output-only actions, if only that specific

action is configured for that digital pin number in Task Manager.

118 Connection TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual

7.4.2 System Interface Connections

Standard The standard system interface board is fitted to reciters bearing the product

code TBA4xxx-0A0x. If purchased separately, it has the product code

TBA10A0. It provides the following:

It is fitted with a 25-way female D-range connector and a 4-way auxiliary

DC input connector. The pin allocations for the D-range are listed in the

table below, and the pin allocations for the DC input connector are provided

in “Reciter Auxiliary DC Input from PMU” on page 113.

■non-isolated 600Ω balanced audio I/O

■high impedance unbalanced audio I/O

■digital I/O (2 outputs, 6 inputs, 4 bi-directional)

■Tx key

■Tx relay

■Rx gate

■RSSI

Pin Signal Name Signal Type Notes

1 Rx line out + audio output non-isolated

AC coupled line

2 Rx line out –

3 Rx audio out audio output AC coupled

4 ground ground

5 Tx audio in audio input AC coupled

6 Tx line in + audio input non-isolated

AC coupled line

7 Tx line in –

8 RSSI DC signal

9 Rx gate output open collector

10 Tx key input active low

11 digital out 1a

output open collector

12 digital out 2

13 +AUX_V power output from auxiliary DC input

14 digital in 1

input 5V TTL logic

active low

15 digital in 2

16 digital in/out 3b

17 digital in/out 4b

18 digital in/out 5b

19 digital in/out 6b

20 digital in 7

21 digital in 8

22 digital in 9

23 digital in 10

24 Tx relay output open collector

25 ground ground

a. If a base station with a 12V PA is configured for Deep Sleep, digital out 1 is dedicated to Power Saving control and

should not be used for any other Task Manager function.

b. On version 1 and later system interface boards, digital inputs 3, 4, 5, and 6 may also be configured as outputs using

a Task Manager statement. For more details refer to “Digital Interface” on page 117 and to the Service Kit docu-

mentation.

external view

TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual Connection 119

Isolated This system interface board is fitted to reciters bearing the product code

TBA4xxx-0B0x or TBA5xxx-0B0x. If purchased separately, it has the

product code TBA10B0. It is the same as the standard model, except that

the balanced audio interfaces are galvanically (transformer) isolated. It

provides the following:

It is fitted with a 25-way female D-range connector and a 4-way auxiliary

DC input connector. The pin allocations for the D-range are listed in the

table below, and the pin allocations for the DC input connector are provided

in “Reciter Auxiliary DC Input from PMU” on page 113.

■transformer isolated 600Ω balanced audio I/O

■high impedance unbalanced audio I/O

■digital I/O (2 outputs, 6 inputs, 4 bi-directional)

■Tx key

■Tx relay

■Rx gate

■RSSI

Pin Signal Name Signal Type Notes

1 Rx line out + audio output transformer isolated line

2 Rx line out –

3 Rx audio out audio output AC coupled

4 ground ground

5 Tx audio in audio input AC coupled

6 Tx line in + audio input transformer isolated line

7 Tx line in –

8 RSSI DC signal

9 Rx gate output open collector

10 Tx key input active low

11 digital out 1a

output open collector

12 digital out 2

13 +AUX_V power output from auxiliary DC input

14 digital in 1

input 5V TTL logic

active low

15 digital in 2

16 digital in/out 3b

17 digital in/out 4b

18 digital in/out 5b

19 digital in/out 6b

20 digital in 7

21 digital in 8

22 digital in 9

23 digital in 10

24 Tx relay output open collector

25 ground ground

a. If a base station with a 12V PA is configured for Deep Sleep, digital out 1 is dedicated to Power Saving control and

should not be used for any other Task Manager function.

b. On version 1 and later system interface boards, digital inputs 3, 4, 5, and 6 may also be configured as outputs using

a Task Manager statement. For more details refer to “Digital Interface” on page 117 and to the Service Kit docu-

mentation.

external view

120 Connection TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual

Isolated E&M This system interface board is fitted to reciters bearing the product code

TBA4xxx-0C0x or TBA5xxx-0C0x. If purchased separately, it has the

product code TBA10C0. It provides the following:

It is fitted with a 25-way female D-range connector and a 4-way auxiliary

DC input connector. The pin allocations for the D-range are listed in the

table below, and the pin allocations for the DC input connector are provided

in “Reciter Auxiliary DC Input from PMU” on page 113.

■transformer isolated 600Ω balanced audio I/O

■opto-isolated keying

■opto-isolated gate output

■digital I/O (2 outputs, 2 inputs, 4 bi-directional)

■Tx key

■Tx relay

■Rx gate

■RSSI

Pin Signal Name Signal Type Notes

1 Rx line out + audio output transformer isolated line

2 Rx line out –

3 Rx audio out audio output

4 audio ground ground

5 Tx audio in audio input

6 Tx line in + audio input transformer isolated line

7 Tx line in –

8 RSSI DC signal

9 Rx gate output open collector

10 Tx key input active low

11 digital out 1a

output open collector

12 digital out 2

13 +AUX_V power output from auxiliary DC input

14 digital in 1

input 5V TTL logic

active low

15 digital in 2

16 digital in/out 3b

17 digital in/out 4b

18 digital in/out 5b

19 digital in/out 6b

20 opto +/– isolated keying input input voltage range

±10VDC to ±60VDC

21 opto –/+

22 relay +/– isolated gate output

23 relay –/+

24 Tx relay output open collector

25 ground ground

a. If a base station with a 12V PA is configured for Deep Sleep, digital out 1 is dedicated to Power Saving control and

should not be used for any other Task Manager function.

b. On version 1 and later system interface boards, digital inputs 3, 4, 5, and 6 may also be configured as outputs using

a Task Manager statement. For more details refer to “Digital Interface” on page 117 and to the Service Kit docu-

mentation.

external view

TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual Connection 121

Ta it N et This system interface board is fitted to reciters bearing the product code

TBA4xxx-0T1x. If purchased separately, it has the product code TBA10T1.

It is designed for use with MPT trunking systems. It provides the following:

It is fitted with a 15-way female D-range connector and a 4-way auxiliary

DC input connector. The pin allocations for the D-range are listed in the

table below, and the pin allocations for the DC input connector are provided

in “Reciter Auxiliary DC Input from PMU” on page 113.

■transformer isolated 600Ω balanced audio I/O

■high impedance unbalanced audio I/O

■digital I/O (3 outputs, 1 input)

■Tx key

■Rx gate

Pin Signal Name Signal Type Notes

1 Rx line out + audio output transformer isolated line

2 Rx line out –

3 Rx audio out audio output

4 Rx gate output open collector

5 Tx key input

6 Tx audio in audio input

7 Tx line in + audio input transformer isolated line

8 Tx line in –

9 +AUX_V power output from auxiliary DC input

10 digital out 3 output open collector

11 no connection

12 digital out 1a

output open collector

13 digital out 2

14 digital in 1 input 5V logic

15 ground ground

a. If a base station with a 12V PA is configured for Deep Sleep, digital out 1 is dedicated to Power Saving control and

should not be used for any other Task Manager function.

external view

122 Connection TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual

TaitNet RS-232 This system interface board is fitted to reciters bearing the product code

TBA4xxx-0L0x or TBA5xxx-0L0x. If purchased separately, it has the

product code TBA10L0. It is designed for use with MPT trunking systems,

and also for use with multiple base station systems. It provides the following:

It is fitted with a 15-way female D-range connector (TaitNet), a 9-way

female D-range connector (RS-232), and a 2-way auxiliary DC input

connector. The pin allocations for the D-ranges are listed in the following

tables, and the pin allocations for the DC input connector are provided in

“Reciter Auxiliary DC Input from PMU” on page 113.

The rear-mounted RS-232 serial port facilitates the connection of multiple

base stations to a Service Kit or Alarm Center using an APS (asynchronous

■transformer isolated 600Ω balanced audio I/O

■high impedance unbalanced audio I/O

■digital I/O (3 outputs, 1 input)

■Tx key

■Rx gate

Pin Signal Name Signal Type Notes

1 Rx line out + audio output transformer isolated line

2 Rx line out –

3 Rx audio out audio output

4 Rx gate output open collector

5 Tx key input

6 Tx audio in audio input

7 Tx line in + audio input transformer isolated line

8 Tx line in –

9 +AUX_V power output from auxiliary DC input

10 digital out 3 output open collector

11 no connection

12 digital out 1a

output open collector

13 digital out 2

14 digital in 1 input 5V logic

15 ground ground

a. If a base station with a 12V PA is configured for Deep Sleep, digital out 1 is dedicated to Power Saving control and

should not be used for any other Task Manager function.

external view

Pin Description Links

1 not connected

2 receive data

3 transmit data

4 not connected

5ground

6 not connected

7 not connected

8 not connected

9 not connected

external view

TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual Connection 123

port switch) and modem or radio modem. Refer to TN-906 for more

details on using an APS with TB8100 base stations.

7.5 Service Kit Connections

The TB8100 Service Kit is connected to the BSS via the RS-232 serial port

on the control panel. This port is a 9-way female D-range connector. Use

a straight through cable, as supplied with the Service Kit, to connect your

programming computer to the BSS. The pin allocations for the serial port

are given in the following table. Note that pins 1, 4 & 6 and pins 7 & 8 are

linked. This port is also used for remote connection to the Service Kit or

Alarm Center software via a modem or radio modem.

Note When a reciter fitted with a TaitNet RS-232 system interface

board is used in a TB8100 BSS, the RS-232 port on the control

panel is disabled. In this situation you must connect to the

RS-232 port at the rear of the reciter. Refer to “TaitNet

RS-232” on page 122 for more details.

Pin Description Links

1 not connected

2receive data

3 transmit data

4 not connected

5 ground

6 not connected

7 not connected

8 not connected

9 not connected

cdef

external view

124 Connection TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual

7.6 Microphone Connection

You can connect a microphone to the TB8100 BSS via the standard RJ45

socket on the control panel. If a standard TB8100 microphone has not been

supplied with your BSS, you should use an electret microphone. The pin

allocations for the microphone socket are given in the following table.

7.7 12V PA Power Saving Control Connection

To enable Power Saving in the 12V PA, you must connect digital out 1 on

the reciter’s system interface connector to pin 1 of the Power Saving control

connector on the rear panel of the PA. Once this connection is made, the

PA will shut down whenever the reciter goes into Deep Sleep mode. For

more information on the operation and configuration of Power Saving, refer

to “Power Saving” on page 57.

Note When a base station with a 12V PA is configured for Deep Sleep,

digital out 1 is dedicated to Power Saving control and should not

be used for any other Task Manager function.

Two ways of making the Power Saving control connection between the 12V

PA and reciter are described below. The circled numbers in the following

instructions refer to Figure 7.13 on page 125.

Method 1 1. Connect one end of the Power Saving control cable b (Tait part

number 219-02971-00) to the Power Saving control connector c at

the rear of the PA. Connect the other end to the auxiliary DC input

connector d at the rear of the reciter.

Note If you are using an older reciter with a 4-way connector, you will

need to use Method 2.

2. On the D-range plug that is fitted to the system interface connector

e on the reciter, link digital out 1 to +AUX_V.

Pin Description

1 not connected

2 not connected

3 not connected

4PTT

5 voice band (microphone) input

6 microphone ground

7 not connected

8 not connected

12345678

external view

TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual Connection 125

Method 2 1. Connect one end of the Power Saving control cable b to the Power

Saving control connector c at the rear of the PA.

2. Cut the socket off the other end of the cable. Connect the wires

directly to the D-range plug fitted to the system interface connector

e as follows:

■red - digital out 1

■black - ground.

The pin allocations for the Power Saving control connector on the PA are

given in the following table.

If you wish to make up your own cable, use the following connector for

both the PA and reciter connections:

■2x1-way Molex 43025-0200/crimp socket 43030-0001 female.

Figure 7.13 Fitting the Power Saving control cable to a 12V PA

becd

reciter shown with TaitNet RS-232

system interface board

Pin Signal Name Signal Type Notes

1 PA shutdown input active low

2 ground ground

external view

126 Connection TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual

TB8100 Installation and Operation Manual Preparation for Operation 127

8 Preparation for Operation

Once the TB8100 BSS has been installed and connected, it is time to

prepare it for operation. The main procedures required to ensure your BSS

is ready for operation are as follows:

■tuning

■configuration

■applying power

■test transmissions.

The following sections provide more detail on these procedures. Some

sections provide only an overview, as the full procedures are described in

TB8100 Installation And Operation Manual Manuals/TB8100 Inst Ops Jul 05

TB8000/TB8100 Install and Operation Manual/MBA_00005_06 TB8100 Install and Operation Manual MBA_00005_06 TB8100 Install and Operation Manual

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