Pismolabs Technology P1375 Pepwave / Peplink / Pismo Wireless Product User Manual Pepwave MAX

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Document Title	Pepwave MAX User Manual
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13 Management of Outbound Traffic to WAN
The Pepwave MAX provides the functionality to flexibly manage and load balance outbound traffic among
the WAN connections.
Important Note
Outbound Policy is applied only when more than one WAN connection is active.
The settings for managing and load balancing outbound traffic are located in
Advanced> Outbound Policy:
Network > Outbound Policy> Click on
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13.1 Outbound Policy
There are three main selections for the Outbound Policy for the Pepwave MAX:



High Application Compatibility
Normal Application Compatibility
Custom
The selections are explained as follows:
Outbound Policy Settings
High Application
Compatibility
Normal
Application
Compatibility
Custom
With the selection of this policy, outbound traffic from a source LAN device is routed
through the same WAN connection regardless of the destination Internet IP address and
protocol.
This provides the highest application compatibility.
With the selection of this policy, outbound traffic from a source LAN device to the same
destination Internet IP address will persistently be routed through the same WAN
connection regardless of protocol.
This provides high compatibility to most applications, and users still benefit from WAN link
load balancing when multiple Internet servers are accessed.
With the selection of this policy, outbound traffic behavior can be managed by defining
custom rules.
Rules can be defined in a custom rule table. A default rule can be defined for connections
that cannot be matched with any one of the rules.
The default policy is Normal Application Compatibility.
Tip
Want to know more about how-to create outbound rules? Visit our YouTube Channel for a video tutorial!
http://youtu.be/rKH4AS_bQnE
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13.2 Custom Rules For Outbound Policy
Click
in the Outbound Policy form. Choose Managed by Custom Rules and press the Save button.
The followingscreen will then be displayed.
The bottom-most rule is Default. Edit this rule to change the device’s default way to control outbound
traffic for all connections that does not match any rules above it. Click on the service nameDefaultto
change its settings.
You may drag and drop a row to rearrange the priority of outbound rules.
By default, Auto is selected for the option Default Rule. You can select Custom in order to change the
Algorithm to be used.Please refer to the upcoming sections for the details of the available algorithms.
To create a custom rule, click Add Rule
following window will be displayed:
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at the bottom of the table, and the
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New Custom Rule Settings
Service Name
This setting specifies the name of the custom rule.
Enable
This setting specifies whether the outbound traffic rule takes effect.
With an Enable value of Yes, the rule takes effect: traffic is matched, and actions are
taken, by the Pepwave MAX based on the other parameters of the rule.
With an Enable value of No, the rule does not take effect and the Pepwave MAX will
disregard the other parameters of the rule.
Source
This setting specifies the source IP Address, IP Network or MAC Address for outbound
traffic that matches the rule.
This setting specifies the destination IP Address or IP Network or Domain Name for traffic
that matches the rule.
Destination
Domain Name
If Domain Name is chosen and a domain name, such as foobar.com, is entered, any
outgoing accesses to foobar.com and *.foobar.comwill match this criterion. You may
enter a wildcard (.*) at the end of a domain name to match any host with a name having
the domain name in the middle. If you enter .*, for example, then www.foobar.com,
www.foobar.co.jp, or foobar.co.uk will also match. Placing wildcards in any other position
is not supported.
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NOTE: if a server has one Internet IP address and multiple server names, and if one of the
names is defined here, then accesses to any one of the server names will also match this
rule.
Protocol and Port
This setting specifies the IP Protocol and Port of outbound traffic that matches this rule.
You may select some common protocol from the Protocol Selection Tool drop-down
menu.
This setting specifies the behavior of the Pepwave MAX for the custom rule.
One of the following values can be selected:
Algorithm

Weighted Balance

Persistence

Enforced

Priority

Overflow

Least Used

Lowest Latency
The upcoming sections present the details of the listed algorithms.
Terminate
Sessions on Link
Recovery
This setting specifies whether to terminate existing IP sessions on a less preferred WAN
connection in the event that a more preferred WAN connection is recovered. This setting
is applicable to the Algorithms: Weighted, Persistence and Priority.
By default, this is disabled. In this case, all existing IP sessions will not be terminated or
affected when any other WAN connection is recovered. If it is set to enabled, existing IP
sessions may be terminated when another WAN connection is recovered such that only
the preferred healthy WAN connection(s) are used at any point in time.
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13.2.1 Algorithm: Weighted Balance
This setting specifies the ratio of WAN connection usage to be applied on the specified IP Protocol & Port,
and is applicable only when Algorithm is set to Weighted Balance.
The amount of matching traffic that is distributed to a WAN connection is proportional to the weight of the
WAN connection relative to the total weight. Use the sliders to change the weight for each WAN.
Example: With the following weight settings:
 Ethernet WAN1: 10
 Ethernet WAN2: 10
 Wi-Fi WAN: 10
 Cellular 1: 10
 Cellular 2: 10
 USB:
10
Total weight is 60 = (10 +10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10)
Matching traffic distributed to Ethernet WAN1 is 16.7% = (10 / 60 x 100%
Matching traffic distributed to Ethernet WAN2 is 16.7% = (10 / 60) x 100%
Matching traffic distributed to Wi-Fi WAN is 16.7% = (10 / 60) x 100%
Matching traffic distributed to Cellular 1 is 16.7% = (10 / 60) x 100%
Matching traffic distributed to Cellular 2 is 16.7% = (10 / 60) x 100%
Matching traffic distributed to USB is 16.7% = (10 / 60) x 100%
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13.2.2 Algorithm: Persistence
The Persistencealgorithm is the solution to the few situations where link load distribution for Internet
services is undesirable.
For example,many e-banking and other secure websites, for security reasons, terminate the session
when the client computer’s Internet IP address changes during the session.
In general, different Internet IP addresses represent different computers. The security concern is that an
IP address change during a session may be the result of an unauthorized intrusion attempt. Therefore, to
prevent damages from the potential intrusion, the session is terminated upon the detection of an IP
address change.
The Pepwave MAX can be configured to distribute data traffic across multiple WAN connections. Also,
the Internet IP depends on the WAN connections over which communication actually takes place. As a
result, a LAN client computer behind thePepwave MAX may communicate using multiple Internet IP
addresses. For example, a LAN client computer behind a Pepwave MAX with three WAN connections
may communicate on the Internet using three different IP addresses.
With the algorithm Persistence of the Pepwave MAX, rules can be configured to enable client computers
to persistently utilize the same WAN connections for e-banking and other secure websites. As a result, a
client computer will communicate with the other end using one IP address and eliminate the issues.
There are two modes for Persistence: By Source and By Destination.
By Source
The same WAN connection will be used for traffic matching the rule and originating
from the same machine regardless of its destination. This option will provide the
highest level of application compatibility.
By Destination
The same WAN connection will be used for traffic matching the rule, originating
from the same machine, and going to the same destination. This option can better
distribute load to WAN connections when there are only a few client machines.
The default mode is By Source.
When there are multiple client requests, they can be distributed (persistently) to WAN connections with a
weight. If you choose Autofor Load Distribution, the weights will be automatically adjusted according to
each WAN’s Downstream Bandwidth which is specified in the WAN settings page (see Section
8.2Captive Portal
The Captive Portal serves as gateway that clients have to pass if they wish to access the internet using
your router. To configure, navigate to Network >Captive Portal to see the following screen:
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Captive Portal Settings
Clicking the edit button trigger a dialogue where you can choose which LAN / VLAN to
apply your captive portal.
Apply On
Click all LAN / VLAN that you wish to apply the captive portal to.
Access Mode
Click Open Access to allow clients to freely access your router. Click User
Authentication to force your clients to authenticate before accessing your router.
This authenticates your clients through a Radius Server. Upon selecting this option, you
will see the following fields:
Radius
Server
Fill in the necessary information to complete your connection to the server and enable
authentication.
This authenticates your clients through a LDAP Server. Upon selecting this option, you
will see the following fields:
LDAP Server
Fill in the necessary information to complete your connection to the server and enable
authentication.
Access
Quota
Set a time and data cap to each user’s Internet usage.
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Quota Reset
Time
This menu determines how your usage quota resets. Setting it to daily will reset it at a
specified time every day. Setting a number of minutes after quota reached establish a
timer for each user that begins after the quota has been reached.
Splash Page
Here, you can choose between using the MAX router’s built-in captive portal and
redirecting clients to a URL you define.
The Portal Customization menu has two options:
and
previewing the captive portal that your clients will see. Clicking
following menu:
. Clicking will result in a pop-up
will result in the appearance of
Portal Customization
Logo Image
Click the Choose File button to select an logo to use for the built-in portal
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Message
Terms &
Conditions
Custom
Landing
Page
If you have any additional messages for your users, place it on this field.
If you would like to use your own set of terms and conditions, please place it here. If left
empty, the built-in portal will display the default terms and conditions.
Fill in this field to redirect clients to an external URL.
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14 Configuration of WAN Interface(s)
). If you choose Custom, you can customize the weight of each WAN manually by using the sliders.
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14.1.1 Algorithm: Enforced
This setting specifies the WAN connection usage to be applied on the specified IP Protocol & Port, and is
applicable only when theAlgorithm is set to Enforced.
Matching traffic will be routed through the specified WAN connection regardless of the connection’s
health check status.
Starting from firmware 5.2, outbound traffic can be enforced to go through a specified SpeedFusionTM
connection.
14.1.2 Algorithm: Priority
This setting specifies the priority of the WAN connections to be utilized to route the specified network
service. The highest priority WAN connectionavailable will always be used for routing the specified type of
traffic. A lower priority WAN connection will be used only when all higher priority connections have
become unavailable.
TM
Starting from firmware 5.2, outbound traffic can be prioritized to go through SpeedFusion connection(s).
By default, VPN connections are not included in the priority list.
Tip
Configure multiple distribution rules to accommodate different kinds of services.
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14.1.3 Algorithm: Overflow
The traffic matching this rule will be routed through the healthy WAN connection that has the highest
priority and is not in full load. When this connection gets saturated, new sessions will be routed to the
next healthy WAN connection that is not in full load.
Drag and drop to specify the order of WAN connections to be used for routing traffic. Only the highest
priority healthy connection that is not in full load will be utilized.
14.1.4 Algorithm: Least Used
The traffic matching this rule will be routed through the healthy WAN connection that is selected in the
fieldConnectionand has the most available downstreambandwidth. The available downstream bandwidth
of a WAN connection is calculated from the total downstream bandwidth specified in the WAN settings
page and the current downstream usage. The available bandwidth and WAN selection is determined
every time when an IP session is made.
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14.1.5 Algorithm: Lowest Latency
The traffic matching this rule will be routed through the healthy WAN connection that is selected in the
field Connection and has the lowest latency. Latency checking packets are issued periodically to a nearby
router of each WAN connection to determine its latency value. The latency of a WAN is the packet round
trip time of the WAN connection. Additional network usage may be incurred as a result.
Tip
The round trip time of a “6M down / 640k up” link can be higher than that of a “2M down / 2M up” link. It is because
the overall round trip time is lengthened by its lower upstream bandwidth despite of its higher downlink speed.
Therefore this algorithm is good for two scenarios:
All WAN connections are symmetric; or
A latency sensitive application requires to be routed through the lowest latency WAN regardless the
WAN’s available bandwidth.
14.1.6 Expert Mode
Expert Mode is also available for advance users. Click the help test balloon and click the link turn on
Expert Mode to switch on the feature.
Under Expert Mode, a special rule - "SpeedFusionTMRoutes" is displayed on the Custom Rules table. It
represents all SpeedFusionTMroutes learned from remote VPN peers. By default, this bar is on the top of
all custom rules. That means traffic for remote VPN subnets will be routed to its corresponding VPN
peer. You can create custom Priority or Enforced rules and move them above the bar to override the
SpeedFusionTMRoutes.
Upon disabling the Expert Mode, all rules above the bar will be deleted.
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15 Port Forwarding
15.1 Port Forwarding Service
The Pepwave MAXcan act as a firewall that blocks, by default, all inbound access from the Internet. By
usingPort Forwarding, Internet users can access the servers behind Pepwave MAX.
Inbound Port Forwarding rules can bedefined at Advanced>Port Forwarding:
To define a new service, click the Add Servicebutton, upon which the following appears:
Port Forwarding Settings
Enable
Service Name
IP Protocol
This setting specifies whether the inbound service rule takes effect.
When Yes is selected, the inbound service rule takes effect. If the inbound traffic matches
the specified IP Protocol and Port, action will be taken by the Pepwave MAX based on the
other parameters of the rule.
When No is selected, the inbound service rule does not take effect. The Pepwave MAX
will disregard the other parameters of the rule.
This setting identifies the service to the System Administrator.
Valid values for this setting consist only of alphanumeric and the underscore “_”
characters.
The IP Protocol setting, along with the Port setting, specifies the protocol of the service as
TCP, UDP, ICMP or IP.
Traffic that is received by the Pepwave MAX via the specified protocol at the specified
port(s) is forwarded to the LAN hosts specified by the Servers setting.
(Please see below for details on the Port and Servers settings.)
Alternatively, the Protocol Selection Tool drop-down menu can be used toautomatically
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fill in the Protocol and a single Port number of common Internet services (e.g. HTTP,
HTTPS, etc.).
After selecting an item from the Protocol Selection Tool drop-down menu, the Protocol and
Port number remains manually modifiable.
The Port setting specifies the port(s) that correspond to the service, and can be configured
to behave in one of the following manners:
Any Port, Single Port, Port Range and Port Map
Any Port: All traffic that is received by the Pepwave MAX via the specified protocol is
forwarded to the servers specified by the Servers setting.
For example, with IP Protocol set to TCP, and Port set to Any Port, all TCP traffic is
forwarded to the configured servers.
Single Port: Traffic that is received by the Pepwave MAX via the specified protocol at the
specified port is forwarded via the same port to the servers specified by the Servers
setting.
For example, with IP Protocol set to TCP, and Port set to Single Port and Service Port
80, TCP traffic received on Port 80 is forwarded to the configured servers via Port 80.
Port
Port Range: Traffic that is received by the Pepwave MAX via the specified protocol at the
specified port range is forwarded via the same respective ports to the LAN hosts specified
by the Servers setting.
For example, with IP Protocol set to TCP, and Port set to Single Port and Service Port
80-88, TCP traffic received on ports 80 through 88 is forwarded to the configured servers
via the respective ports.
Port Mapping: Traffic that is received by the Pepwave MAX via the specified protocol at
the specified port is forwarded via a different port to the servers specified by the Servers
setting.
For example, with IP Protocol set to TCP, and Port set to Port Map, Service Port 80, and
Map to Port 88, TCP traffic on Port 80 is forwarded to the configured servers via Port 88.
(Please see below for details on the Servers setting.)
Range Mapping: traffic that is received by the Pepwave MAX via the specified protocol at
the specified port range is forwarded via a different port to the servers specified by the
Servers setting.
Inbound IP
Address(es)
This setting specifies the WAN connections and Internet IP address(es) from which the
service can be accessed.
It is required to select at least one IP address.
Server IP
Address
This setting specifies the LAN IP address of the server that handles the requests for the
service.
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15.1.1 UPnP / NAT-PMP Settings
UPnP and NAT-PMP are network protocols which allow a computer on the LAN to automatically configure
the router to allow parties on the WAN to connect to itself.In this way, the process of inbound port
forwarding is automated.
When a computer creates a rule using these protocols, the specified TCP/UDP port of all WAN
connections' default IP address will be forwarded.
Check the corresponding box(es) to enable UPnP and/or NAT-PMP. Enable these features only if you
trust the computers on the LAN.
A table listing all the forwarded ports under these two protocols can be found at Status > UPnP / NATPMP.
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16 NAT Mappings
The configuration of NAT Mappings allows the IP address mapping of all inbound and outbound
NAT’dtraffic to and from an internal client IP address.
The settings to configure NAT Mappings are located at Advanced>NAT Mappings:
To add a rule for NAT Mappings, click Add NAT Rule, upon which the following screen will be displayed:
NAT Mapping Settings
LAN Client(s)
Address
NAT Mapping rules can be defined for a single LAN IP Address, an IP Range, or an IP
Network.
This refers to the LAN host’s private IP address. The system maps this address to a number
of public IP addresses, specified below, in order to facilitate inbound and outbound traffic.
This option is only available when IP Address is selected.
Range
The IP range is a contiguous group of private IP addresses used by the LAN host. The system
maps these addresses to a number of public IP addresses, specified below, to facilitate
outbound traffic.
This option is only available when IP Range is selected.
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Network
The IP network refers to all private IP addresses and ranges managed by the LAN host. The
system maps these addresses to a number of public IP addresses, specified below, to
facilitate outbound traffic.
This option is only available when IP Network is selected.
This setting specifies the WAN connections and corresponding WAN-specific Internet IP
addresses on which the system should bind on. Any access to the specified WAN
connection(s) and IP address(es) will be forwarded to the LAN Host.
Inbound Mappings This option is only available when IP Address is selected in LAN Client(s) field.
Note 1: Inbound Mapping is not needed for WAN connections in drop-in or IP forwarding
mode.
Note 2: Each WAN IP address can be associated to one NAT Mapping only.
This setting specifies the WAN IP addresses should be used when an IP connection is made
from a LAN host to the Internet.
Outbound
Mappings
Each LAN host in an IP range or IP network will be evenly mapped to one of each selected
WAN's IP addresses (for better IP address utilization) in a persistent manner (for better
application compatibility).
Note 1: If you do not want to use a specific WAN for outgoing accesses, you should still
choose default here, then customize the outbound access rule in the Outbound Policy section.
Note 2: WAN connections in drop-in or IP forwarding mode are not shown here.
Important Note
Inbound firewall rules override the Inbound Mapping settings.
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17 QoS
17.1 User Groups
LAN and PPTP clients can be categorized into three user groups - Manager, Staff, and Guest. This table
allows you to define rules and assign client IP addresses or subnets to a user group. You can apply
different bandwidth and traffic prioritization policies on each user group in the Bandwidth
Control and Application sections.
The table is automatically sorted, and the table order signifies the rules' precedence.The smaller and
more specific subnets are put towards the top of the table and have higher precedence; larger and less
specific subnets are placed towards the bottom.
Click the Add button to define clients and their user group. Click the
rule.
button to remove the defined
Two default rules are pre-defined and put at the bottommost. They are All DHCP reservation
clients and Everyone, and they cannot be removed. All DHCP reservation clients represents the LAN
clients defined in the DHCP Reservation table in the LAN settings page. Everyone represents all clients
that are not defined in any rule above. Click on a rule to change its group.
Add / Edit User Group
Subnet / IP Address
From the drop-down menu, choose whether you are going to define the client(s) by
an IP Address or a Subnet.
If IP Address is selected, enter a name defined in DHCP Reservation table or a LAN
client's IP address. If Subnet is selected, enter a subnet address and specify its subnet
mask.
Group
This field is to define which User Group the specified Subnet / IP Address belongs to.
Once users have been assigned to a user group, their Internet traffic will be restricted by rules defined for
that particular group. Please refer to the following two sections for details.
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17.2 Bandwidth Control
You can define a maximum download speed (over all WAN connections) and upload speed (for each
WAN connection) that each individual Staff and Guest member can consume. No limit can be imposed on
individual Manager members.
By default, Download and Upload Bandwidth Limits are set to unlimited (set as 0).
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17.3 Application
17.3.1 Application Prioritization
You can choose whether to apply the same Prioritization settings to all user groups or customize the
settings for each group.
Three priority levels can be set for application prioritization: ↑High,━ Normal, and↓Low.
Four types of applications are predefined. Their priority for each user group can be selected from their
corresponding drop down menu.Traffic types not defined in the table is assigned with normal priority.
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17.3.2 Prioritization for Custom Application
Clickthe Add button to define a custom application. Click the button
the custom application in the corresponding row.
in the Action column to delete
Application Prioritization
PPTP and IPsec VPN
SIP/Vonage
Skype, Google Talk,
RealVideo, and Windows
Streaming Media
Secure Web (HTTPS)
When enabled, any PPTP and IPsec traffic will be prioritized.
When enabled, any SIP and Vonage voice traffic will be prioritized.
When enabled, voice and video traffic of Skype, Google Talk, Real Video and
Windows Streaming Media will be prioritized.
When enabled, HTTPS (TCP port 443) traffic will be prioritized.
17.3.3 DSL/Cable Optimization
DSL/cable-based WAN connection has its upload bandwidth lower than the download bandwidth.When
this option is enabled, the download bandwidth of the WAN can be fully utilized in any situation.
When a DSL/cable circuit's uplink is congested, the download bandwidth will be affected. Users will not
be able to download data in full speed until the uplink becomes less congested.The DSL/Cable
Optimization can relieve such issue. When it is enabled, the download speed will become less affected by
the upload traffic.
By default, this feature is enabled.
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18 Firewall
A firewall is a mechanism that selectively filters data traffic between the WAN side (the Internet) and the
LAN side of the network.It can protect the local network from potential hacker attacks, offensive Web sites,
and/or other inappropriate uses.
The firewall functionality of the Pepwave MAX supports the selective filtering of data traffic in both
directions:



Outbound (LAN to WAN)
Inbound (WAN to LAN)
Intrusion Detection and DoS Prevention
TM
With SpeedFusion
enabled (see Section11), the firewall rules also apply to VPN tunneled traffic.
18.1 Outbound and Inbound Firewall
18.1.1 Access Rules
The outbound firewall settings are located at:Advanced> Firewall> Outbound Firewall Rule.
Upon clickingAdd Rule, the following screen appears:
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Inbound firewall settings are located at: Advanced> Firewall> Inbound Firewall Rule.
Once you click on Add Rule, the following window will appear:
Rules are matched from top to the bottom.If a connection matches any one of the upper rules, the
matching process will stop. If none of the rules is matching, the Defaultrule will be applied.
By default, theDefault rule is set as Allow for both outbound and inbound access.
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Inbound / Outbound Firewall Settings
Rule Name
This setting specifies a name for the firewall rule.
This setting specifies whether the firewall rule should take effect.
When Yes is selected, the firewall rule takes effect. If the traffic matches the specified
Protocol/IP/Port, actions will be taken by the Pepwave MAX based on the other
parameters of the rule.
When No is selected, the firewall rule does not take effect. The Pepwave MAX will
disregard the other parameters of the rule.
Enable
This setting is applicable to Inbound Firewall Rules only.
This setting specifies which WAN connection(s) the rule applies to:
WAN Connection

WAN 1

WAN 2

Wi-Fi WAN

Cellular 1

Cellular 2

USB
A value ofWAN 1, WAN 2, Wi-Fi WAN, Cellular 1, Cellular 2, … and USB specifies that
the rule applies to all WAN connections, Ethernet WAN, PC Card, … and Wi-Fi WAN,
respectively.
This setting specifies the protocol to be matched by the rule.
Via a drop-down menu, the following protocols can be specified:
Protocol

TCP

UDP

ICMP

IP
Alternatively, the Protocol Selection Tool drop-down menu can be used to automatically
fill in the Protocol and Port number of common Internet services (e.g. HTTP, HTTPS, etc.)
After selecting an item from the Protocol Selection Tool drop-down menu, the Protocol and
Port number remains manually modifiable.
This specifies the source IP address(es) and port number(s) to be matched for a firewall
rule.
A single address, or a network, can be specified as the Source IP & Port setting, as
indicated with the following screenshots:
Source IP & Port
In addition, a single port, or a range of ports, can be specified for the Source IP & Port
setting.
Destination IP &
Port
This specifies the destination IP address(es) and port number(s) to be matched for a
firewall rule.
A single address, or a network, can be specified as the Source IP & Port setting, as
indicated with the following screenshots:
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In addition, a single port, or a range of ports, can be specified for the Source IP & Port
setting.
This setting specifies the action to be taken by the Pepwave MAX upon encountering
traffic that matches the both of the following:
Action

Source IP & Port

Destination IP & Port

With the value of Allow for the Action setting, the matching traffic passes through
the Pepwave MAX (to be routed to the destination).

If the value of the Action setting is set to Deny, the matching traffic does not pass
through the Pepwave MAX (and is discarded).
This setting specifies whether or not to log matched firewall events.
The logged messages are shown on the page Status >Event Log.
A sample message is as follows:
Aug 13 23:47:44 Denied CONN=Ethernet WAN SRC=20.3.2.1
DST=192.168.1.20 LEN=48 PROTO=TCP SPT=2260 DPT=80
Event Logging

CONN: The connection where the log entry refers to

SRC: Source IP address

DST: Destination IP address

LEN: Packet length

PROTO: Protocol

SPT: Source port

DPT: Destination port
Tip
If the default inbound rule is set as Allow for NAT enabled WANs, no inbound Allow firewall rules will be required
for inbound Port Forwarding and inbound NAT Mapping rules. However, if the default inbound rule is set as Deny,
a corresponding Allow firewall rules will be required.
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18.1.1.1
Intrusion Detection and DoS Prevention
The Pepwave MAX supports detecting and preventing intrusions and Denial-of-Service (DoS) attacks
from the Internet. To turn on this feature, click
and DoS Prevention and press the Save button.
, check the box Enablefor the Intrusion Detection
When this feature is enabled, the Pepwave MAX will detect and protect the network from the following
kinds of intrusions and denial-of-service attacks.

Port Scan:
NMAP FIN/URG/PSH
Xmas Tree
Another Xmas Tree
Null Scan
SYN/RST
SYN/FIN

SYN Flood Prevention

Ping Flood Attack Prevention
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18.1.2 Web Blocking
18.1.2.1
Web Blocking
Enter an appropriate website address and the Pepwave MAX will block and disallow
LAN/PPTP/SpeedFusionTM peer clients to access these websites.
You may enter the wild card ".*" at the end of a domain name to block any web site with a host name
having the domain name in the middle.
For example, If you enter "foobar.*," then "www.foobar.com," "www.foobar.co.jp," or "foobar.co.uk" will be
blocked.
Placing the wild card in any other position is not supported.
The Pepwave MAX will inspect and look for blocked domain names on all HTTP traffic. Secure web
(HTTPS) traffic is not supported.
18.1.2.2
Exempted User Groups
Check and select pre-defined user group(s) who can be exempted from the access blocking rules. User
groups can be defined at QoS> User Groups section. Please refer to section Error! Reference source
not found. for details.
18.1.2.3
Exempted Subnets
With the subnet defined in the field, clients on the particular subnet(s) can be exempted from the access
blocking rules.
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19 Miscellaneous Settings
Themiscellaneous settings include configuration forPPTP Server,Service Forwarding, and Service
Passthrough.
19.1 High Availability
(Available onPepwave MAXHD2 and 700)
The Pepwave MAX supports High Availability (HA) configurations via an open standard Virtual Router
Redundancy Protocol (VRRP, RFC 3768).
In an HA configuration, two Pepwave MAX units provide redundancy and failover in a master-slave
arrangement. In the event that the Master Unit is down, the Slave Unit becomes active.High Availability
will be disabled automatically where there is a Drop-in connection configured on a LAN Bypass port:
In the diagram, the WAN ports of each Pepwave MAX unit connect to the router and to the modem. Both
Pepwave MAX units connect to the same LAN switch via a LAN port.
An elaboration on the technical details of the implementation, by Pepwave MAX, of Virtual Router
Redundancy Protocol (VRRP, RFC 3768) is as follows:

In an HA configuration, the two Pepwave MAX units communicate with each other using VRRP
over the LAN.

The two Pepwave MAX units broadcast heartbeat signals to the LAN at a frequency of one
heartbeat signal per second.

In the event that no heartbeat signal from the Master Pepwave MAX unit is received in 3 seconds
(or longer) since the last heartbeat signal, the Slave Pepwave MAXunit becomes active.

The Slave Pepwave MAX unit initiates the WAN connections, and binds to a previously
configured LAN IP address.

At a subsequent point when the Master Pepwave MAX unit recovers, it will once again become
active.
You can configure High Availability at the following location:Network>Misc. Settings > High Availability:
Interface for Master Router
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High Availability
Enable
Checking this box specifies that the Pepwave MAX unit is part of a High Availability
configuration.
Group Number
This number identifies a pair of Pepwave MAX units operating in a High Availability
configuration.The two Pepwave MAX units in the pair must have the same Group Number
value.
Preferred Role
This setting specifies whether the Pepwave MAX unit operates in Master or Slave mode.
Click the corresponding radio button to set the role of the unit.
One of the units in the pair must be configured as the Master and the other unit must be
configured as the Slave
Resume Master This option is displayed when Master mode is selected in Preferred Role.
Role Upon
If this option is enabled, once the device has recovered from an outage, it will take over and
Recovery
resume its Master role from the slave unit.
Configuration
Sync.
This option is displayed when Slave mode is selected in Preferred Role.
If this option is enabled and the Master Serial Number entered matches with the actual
master unit's, the master unit will automatically transfer the configuration to this unit. Please
make sure the LAN IP Address and the Subnet Mask fields are set correctly in the LAN
Settings page.
You can refer to the Event Log for the configuration synchronization status.
Master Serial
Number
If the box Configuration Sync. is checked, the serial number of the Master unit is required
here for the feature to work properly.
Virtual IP
The HA pair must share the same Virtual IP. This Virtual IP and the LAN Administration IP
must be under the same network.
LAN
Administration
IP
Subnet Mask
This setting specifies a LAN IP address to be used for accessing administration functionality.
This address should be unique within the LAN.
This setting specifies the subnet mask of the LAN.
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Important Note
For MAXrouters in NAT mode, the Virtual IP (VIP) should be set as the default gateway for all hosts sitting on the
LAN segment. For example, a firewall sitting behind the MAX router should set its default gateway as the Virtual IP
instead of the IP of Master MAX unit.
In Drop-in mode, no other configuration needs to be set.
Please note that the Drop-in WAN cannot be configured as a LAN Bypass port while it is configured for High
Availability.
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19.2 PPTP Server
The Pepwave MAX has a built-in PPTP Server, which enables remote computers to conveniently and
securely access the local network.
PPTP server setting is located at Advanced >Misc. Settings >PPTP Server.
Simply check the box to enable the PPTP server function. All connected PPTP sessions are displayed on
the Client List at Status > Client List. Please refer to section 22.3 for details.
PPTP Server Setting
Listen On
This setting is for specifying the WAN connection(s) and IP address(es) where the
PPTPserver should listen on.
Select the source of user databases for PPTP authentication.
Authentication
Local User Accounts - User accounts are stored in the device locally. You can
add/modify/delete the accounts in the User Accounts table below, click Add to add a new
account.
LDAP Server - Authenticate with an external LDAP server. Tested with OpenLDAP server
where passwords are NTLM hashed. Active Directory is not supported. (You can choose to
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use RADIUS to authenticate with a Windows Server.)
RADIUS Server - Authenticate with an external RADIUS server. Tested with Microsoft
Windows Internet Authentication Service, and FreeRADIUS servers where passwords are
NTLM hashed or in plain text.
2.
User
Accounts
This setting allows you to define the PPTP User Accounts. Click Add to input usernameand
password to create an account. After adding the user accounts, you can click on
ausername to edit the account password. Click the button
itscorresponding row.
to delete the account in
19.3 Certificate Manager
This section allows you to assign certificates for Local VPN and Web Admin SSL. The local keys will not
be transferred to another device by any means.
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19.4 Service Forwarding
Service Forwarding settings are located at Advanced>Misc. Settings >Service Forwarding:
Service Forwarding
SMTP Forwarding
Web Proxy Forwarding
DNS Forwarding
When this option is enabled, all outgoing SMTP connections destined for any host at
TCP port 25 will be intercepted. These connections will be redirected to a specified
SMTP server and port number. SMTP server settings for each WAN can be specified
after selecting Enable.
When this option is enabled, all outgoing connections destined for the proxy server
specified in Web Proxy Interception Settings will be intercepted. These connections
will be redirected to a specified web proxy server and port number. Web Proxy
Interception Settings and proxy server settings for each WAN can be specified after
selecting Enable.
When this option is enabled, all outgoing DNS lookups will be intercepted and
redirected to the built-in DNS name server.
If any LAN device is using DNS name servers of a WAN connection, you may want to
enable this option to enhance the DNS availability without modifying the DNS server
setting of the clients. The built-in DNS name server will distribute DNS lookups to
corresponding DNS servers of all available WAN connections. In this case, DNS
service will not be interrupted even if any WAN connection is down.
19.4.1 SMTP Forwarding
Some ISPs require their users to send e-mails via the ISP’s SMTP server. All outgoing SMTP connections
are blocked except those connecting to the ISP’s.The Pepwave MAX supports intercepting and
redirecting all outgoing SMTP connections (destined for TCP port 25) via a WAN connection to the WAN’s
corresponding SMTP server.
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To enable the feature, select the Enable check box under SMTP Forwarding Setup. Check the box
Enable Forwarding?For the WAN connection(s) that needs such forwarding. Enter the ISP’s e-mail
server address and TCP port number for each WAN.
The Pepwave MAX will intercept SMTP connections, choose a WAN with reference to the Outbound
Policy, and then forward the connection to the forwarded SMTP server if the chosen WAN has enabled
forwarding. If the forwarding is disabled for a WAN connection, SMTP connections for the WAN will be
simply forwarded to the connection’s original destination.
Note
If you want to route all SMTP connections only to particular WAN connection(s), you should create a rule in
Outbound Policy (see section 13.2).
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19.4.2 Web Proxy Forwarding
When this feature is enabled, the Pepwave MAX will intercept all outgoing connections destined for the
proxy server specified in Web Proxy Interception Settings, choose a WAN connection with reference to
the Outbound Policy, and then forward them to the specified web proxy server and port number.
Redirected server settings for each WAN can be set here.If forwarding is disabled for a WAN, web proxy
connections for the WAN will be simply forwarded to the connection’s original destination.
19.4.3 DNS Forwarding
When DNS Forwarding is enabled, all clients’ outgoing DNS requests will also be intercepted and
forwarded to the built-in DNS proxy server.
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19.5 Service Passthrough
Service Passthrough settings can be found inAdvanced>Misc. Settings >Service Passthrough:
Some Internet services required to be specially handled in a multi-WAN environment. The Pepwave MAX
supports handling such services correctly such that Internet applications do not notice it is behind a multiWAN router. Settings for Service Passthrough Support are available here.
Service Passthrough Support
SIP
H.323
Session Initiation Protocol, aka SIP, is a voice-over-IP protocol. The Pepwave MAX can act as
a SIP Application Layer Gateway (ALG) which binds connections for the same SIP session to
the same WAN connection and translate IP address in the SIP packets correctly in NAT mode.
Such passthrough support is always enabled and there are two modes for selection: Standard
Mode and Compatibility Mode.
If your SIP server’s signal port number is non-standard, you can check the box Define custom
signal ports and input the port numbers to the text boxes.
With this option enabled, protocols that provide audio-visual communication sessions will be
defined on any packet network and passthrough the device.
FTP
FTP sessions consist of two TCP connections; one for control and one for data. In multi-WAN
situation, they have to be binded to the same WAN connection. Otherwise, problems will arise
in transferring files. By default, the Pepwave MAX monitors TCP control connections on port
21 for any FTP connections and binds TCP connections of the same FTP session to the same
WAN.
If you have an FTP server listening on a port number other than 21, you can check the box
Define custom control ports and enter the port numbers to the text boxes.
TFTP
The Pepwave MAX monitors outgoing TFTP connections and routes any incoming TFTP data
packets back to the client. Select Enable if you want to enable the TFTP Passthrough support.
This field is for enabling the support of IPsec NAT-T Passthrough. UDP ports 500, 4500 and
10000 are monitored by default.
IPsec NAT-T
You may add more custom data ports that your IPsec system uses by checking the box Define
custom ports. If the VPN contains IPsec Site-to-Site VPNtraffic, you have to check the
box Route IPsec Site-to-Site VPN and choose the WAN connection to route the traffic to.
TM
TM
If you have IPsec SpeedFusion traffic routed, check the Route IPsec SpeedFusion
option and select a WAN to force routing such traffic to the specified WAN.
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20 AP
The AP Controller acts as a centralized controller of Pepwave AP devices. With this feature, users will be able to
customize and manage multiple AP one a single Peplink Balance Interface.
To configure, navigate to the AP tab and the following options will be shown.
20.1 Wireless SSID
This menu is the first one that appears upon clicking on the AP tab. This screen could also be reached by clicking on
AP > Wireless SSID.
AP Controller
AP Management
The AP Controller for managing Pepwave APs can be enabled by this option.
By default, the Pepwave MAX has an integrated AP, which it will always control. By clicking
the External AP, the MAX unit will also control access points connected on its LAN.
When this option is enabled, the AP Controller will wait for management connections
originating from APs over the LAN on TCP and UDP port 11753. It will also wait for captive
portal connections on TCP port 443. An extended DHCP option "CAPWAP Access Controller
addresses" (field 138) will be added to the DHCP server. A local DNS record "wlancontroller"
will added to the local DNS proxy.
Permitted AP
With this option enabled, protocols that provide audio-visual communication sessions will be
defined on any packet network and passthrough the device.
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20.2 Settings
AP Settings
SSID
These buttons specify which wireless networks will use this AP Profile. You can also
select the frequencies at which each network will transmit. Please note that the Peplink
Balance does not detect weather the AP is capable of transmitting at both frequencies.
Instructions to transmit at unsupported frequencies will be ignored by the AP.
This drop-down menu specifies the national / regional regulations which the AP should
follow.

If a North American region is selected, RF channels 1 to 11 will be available and
the maximum transmission power will be 26 dBm (400 mW).

Operating Country
If European region is selected, RF channels 1 to 13 will be available. The
maximum transmission power will be 20 dBm (100 mW).
NOTE: Users are required to choose an option suitable to local laws and regulations.
The country code selection is for non-US model only and is not available to all US
model. Per FCC regulation, all WiFi product marketed in US must fixed to US
operation channels only.
Preferred Frequency These buttons determine the frequency at which access points will attempt to broadcast.
This feature will only work for AP that can transmit at both 5.4GHz and 5GHz
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frequencies,
Protocol
(5GHz, 2.4 GHz)
This section displays the wireless protocols which your AP are using.
This drop-down menu is only available for 802.11bgn or 802.11n protocols only.
Channel Bonding
(5GHz, 2.4 GHz)
Channel
(5GHz, 2.4 GHz)
There are three options: 20 MHz, 20/40 MHz and 40 MHz
With this feature enabled, it allows the Wi-Fi system to use two channels at once. Using
two channels improves the performance of the Wi-Fi connection
This drop-down menu selects the 802.11 channel to be utilized. Available options are
from 1 to 11 for the country setting of North America and from 1 to 13 for the country
setting of Europe regionn, respectively. (Channel 14 is only available when the country is
selected as Japan with protocol 802.11b.)
If Auto is set, the system would perform channel scanning based on the scheduled time
set and choose the most suitable channel automatically.
Management VLAN
ID
Power BoostA
This field specifies the VLAN ID to tag to management traffic, such as AP to APcontroller communication traffic. The value is zero by default, meaning that no VLAN
tagging will be applied. NOTE: Change this value with caution as alterations may result
in loss of connection to the AP controller.
With this option enabled, the AP under this profile will transmit using additional power.
Please note that using this option with several AP in close proximity will lead to increased
interference.
This drop-down menu determines the power at which the AP under this profile will
broadcast. When fixed settings are selected, the AP will broadcast at the specified power
level regardless of context. When Dynamic settings are selected, the AP will adjust its
power level based on its surrounding AP in order to maximize performance.
Output PowerA
The Dynamic: Auto setting will set the AP to do this automatically. Otherwise, the
Dynamic: Manual setting will set the AP to dynamically adjust only of instructed to do
so. If you have set Dynamic:Manual, you can go to AP > Toolbox > Auto Power Adj. to
give your AP further instructions.
Beacon RateA
This drop-down menu provides the option to send beacon in different transmit bit rate
and the bit rates are: 1Mbps, 2Mbps, 5.5Mbps, 6Mbps, 11Mbps.
Beacon IntervalA
This drop-down menu provides the option to set the time between each beacon send.
Available options are: 100ms, 250ms and 500ms.
DTIMA
This field provides the option to set the frequency for beacon to include Delivery Traffic
Indication Message, DTIM. The interval unit is measured in milliseconds.
Slot TimeA
This field provides the option to modify the unit wait time before it transmits. The default
value is 9μs.
ACK TimeoutA
This field provides the option to set the wait time to receive acknowledgement packet
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before doing retransmission. The default value is 48μs.
Frame Aggregation
With this feature enabled, throughput will be increased by sending two or more data
frames in a single transmission.
- Advanced feature, please click the
button on the top right hand corner to activate.
Web Administration Settings (on External AP)
Check the box to allow Peplink Balance to manage the web admin access information of
the AP.
Enable
Thesebuttonsspecify the web access protocol used for accessing the web admin of AP.
Web Access Protocol The two available options are HTTP and HTTPS.
Management Port
This field specifies the management port used for accessing the device.
HTTP to HTTPS
Redirection
This option will be available if you have chosen HTTPS as the Web Access Protocol.
With this enabled, any HTTP access to the web admin will be redirect to HTTPS
automatically.
Admin User Name
This field specifies the administrator username of the web admin. It is set as admin by
default.
Admin Password
This field allows you to specify a new administrator password. You may also click the
Generate button and let the system generate a random password automatically.
20.3 Toolbox
Additional tools for managing firmware packs can be found under AP >Toolbox.
Firmware Packs
This is the first menu that will appear. Here, you can manage the firmware of your AP. Clicking on
in information regarding each firmware pack. To receive new firmware packs, you can either press
to download new packs or you can press
Press
will result
to manually upload a firmware pack.
to define which firmware pack is default.
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21 System Settings
21.1 Admin Security
There are two user accounts available for accessing the Web Admin.Usernames
are admin and user.They represent two user levels - admin has full administration access, while user is
a read-only account.The read-only account can only access the device's status information and cannot
make any change on the device.
Admin Account UI
User Account UI
A web login session will be logged out automatically when it has been idle longer than the Web Session
Timeout. Before the session expires, you may click the Logout button in the Web Admin to exit the
session
0 hours 0 minutes signifies an unlimited session time. This setting should be used only in special
situations, as it will lower the system security level if users do not logout before closing the browser.
Default: 4 hours 0 minutes.
For security reason, after logging in to the Web Admin Interface for the first time, it is recommended to
change the administrator password.
Configuring the administration interface to be accessible only from the LAN can further improve system
security.
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Administrative Settings configuration is located at System>Admin Security:
Admin Settings
Router Name
Admin User Name
Admin Password
Confirm Admin
Password
Read-only User Name
User Password
Confirm User
Password
Web Session Timeout
Authentication by
RADIUS
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This field allows you to define a name for this Pepwave MAX unit.
By default, Router Name is set as MAX_XXXX, where XXXX refers to the last 4
digits of the serial number of the device.
It is set as admin by default and is not customizable.
This field allows you to specify a new administrator password.
This field allows you to verify and confirm the new administrator password.
It is set as user by default and is not customizable.
This field allows you to specify a new user password. Once the user password is
set, the feature of read-only user will be enabled.
This field allows you to verify and confirm the new user password.
This field specifies the number of hours and minutes that a web session can remain
idle before the device terminates its access to Web Admin Interface.
By default, it is set as 4 hours.
With this box is checked, Web Admin will authenticate using an external RADIUS
server.
Authenticated users are treated as "admin" with full read-write permission or “user”
with read-only access.Local "admin" and "user" accounts will be disabled. When the
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Auth Protocol
Auth Server
Auth Server Secret
Auth Timeout
Accounting Server
Accounting Server
Secret
Network Connection
CLI SSH
CLI SSH Port, CLI
SSH Access
Security
Web Admin Port
Web Admin Access
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device is not able to communicate with the external RADIUS server, local accounts
will be enabled again for emergency access.
Authentication options will be available once this box is checked.
This specifies the authentication protocol used. Available options are MS-CHAP v2
and PAP.
This specifies the access address of the external RADIUS server.
This is the secret for accessing the RADIUS server.
This option specifies the time value for authentication timeout.
This specifies the access address of the external Accounting server.
This is the secret for accessing the Accounting server.
This option is for specifying the network connection which will be used for
authentication connection. Users can choose from LAN, WAN and VPN
connections.
CLI (Command Line Interface) can be accessed via SSH. This field enables the CLI
support.
These settings specify which TCP port and which interface(s) to accept remote SSH
CLI access. The user name and password used for remote SSH CLI access are the
same as those for web admin access.
This option is for specifying the protocol(s) through which the Web Admin Interface
can be accessible:

HTTP

HTTPS

HTTP/HTTPS
These fields are for specifying the port number at which the Web Admin Interface
can be accessible.
This option is for specifying the network interfaces through which the Web Admin
Interface can be accessible:

LAN only

LAN/WAN

If LAN/WAN is chosen, a WAN Connection Access Settings form will be
displayed.
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WAN Connection Access Settings
This field allows you to restrict web admin access only from defined IP subnets.

Any - Allow web admin accesses to be from anywhere, without IP address
restriction.

Allow access from the following IP subnets only - Restrict web admin access
only from the defined IP subnets. When this is chosen, a text input area will be
displayed beneath:
Allowed Source
IP Subnets
The allowed IP subnet addresses should be entered into this text area. Each IP subnet
must be in form of w.x.y.z/m
Where w.x.y.z is an IP address (e.g. 192.168.0.0), andm is the subnet mask in CIDR
format, which is between 0 and 32 inclusively. For example: 192.168.0.0/24
To define multiple subnets, separate each IP subnet one in a line. For example:


192.168.0.0/24
10.8.0.0/16
This is to choose which WAN IP address(es) the web server should listen on.
Allowed WAN IP
Address(es)
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21.2 Firmware Upgrade
The firmware of thePepwave MAX is upgradeable through Web Admin Interface.
Firmware upgrade functionality is located at System> Firmware:
There are two ways to upgrade the unit. The first method is online firmware upgrade.The system can
Check,Download and Upgrade over the Internet.The second method is to upload a firmware file manually.
Click on the Check again button to use online upgrade. With online upgrade, Pepwave MAX checks
online for new firmware.If a new firmware is available, the Pepwave MAX will automatically download the
firmware. The upgrade process will subsequently be automatically initiated.
You may also download a firmware image from the Pepwave web site and update the unit manually.Click
Browseto select the firmware file from the local computer, and then click ManualUpgradeto send the
firmware to the Pepwave MAX.The Pepwave MAX will then automatically initiate the firmware upgrade
process.
Please note that all Pepwave devices are equipped to be able to store two different firmware versions in
two different partitions. A firmware upgrade preformed will always replace the inactive partition. If you
want to keep the inactive firmware, you can simply reboot your device with the inactive firmware and then
perform the firmware upgrade.
Important Note
The firmware upgrade process may not necessarily preserve the previous configuration, and the behavior varies
on a case-by-case basis. Consult the Release Notes for the particular firmware version.
Do not disconnect the power during firmware upgrade process.
Do not attempt to upload a non-firmware file, or a firmware file that is not qualified, or not supported, by Pepwave.
Upgrading a Pepwave MAX with an invalid firmware file will damage the unit, and may void the warranty.
Important Note
If the firmware is rolled back from 5.x to 4.x, the configurations will be lost.
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21.3 Time
The Time Server functionality enables the system clock of thePepwave MAX to be synchronized with a
specified Time Server.
The settings for Time Server configuration are located at System > Time:
Time Server Settings
Time Zone
Time Server
This specifies the time zone (along with the corresponding Daylight Savings Time
scheme) in which the Pepwave MAX operates.
The Time Zone value affects the time stamps in the Event Log of the Pepwave MAX and
E-mail notifications.
Checked the box Show all to show all available time zone options.
This setting specifies the NTP network time server to be utilized by the Pepwave MAX.
21.4 Email Notification
The Email Notification functionality of the Pepwave MAX provides a System Administrator with up-to-date
information on network status.
The settings for configuring Email Notification arefound at System> Email Notification:
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Email Notification Settings
This option is for enabling Email Notification.
Email Notification
If the box Enable is checked, the Pepwave MAX sends email messages to a System
Administrator when the WAN status changes, or when new firmware is available.
If the box Enable is not checked, Email Notification is disabled and the Pepwave MAX will
not send email messages.
SMTP Server
SSL Encryption
This field is for specifying the SMTP server to be used for sending email. If the server
requires authentication, check the box Require authentication.
Check the box to enable SMTPS. When the box is checked, the next field SMTP Port will
be changed to 465 automatically.
This field is for specifying the SMTP Port number.
SMTP Port
By default, this is set to 25; when the SSL Encryption box is checked, the default port
number will be set to 465.
You may customize the port number by editing this field. Click the button Default to
restore to default.
SMTP User Name
/ Password
This setting specifies the SMTP username and password while sending email. These
options are shown only if Require authentication check box is checked in SMTP Server
setting.
Confirm SMTP
Password
This field allows you to verify and confirm the new administrator password.
Sender’s Email
Address
This setting specifies the sender email address reported by the email messages sent by
the Pepwave MAX.
Recipient’s Email
Address
This setting specifies the email addresses to which the Pepwave MAX should send the
email messages to. You may enter multiple recipients’ email addresses in this field.
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After you have completed the settings, you can click the Test Email Notification button to test the
settings before saving it. After it is clicked, you will see this screen to confirm the settings:
Click Yes to confirm. Wait a few seconds, and you will see a return message and the detailed test result.
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21.5 EventLog
The Remote Syslog functionality of thePepwave MAX enables event logging at a specified remote Syslog
server.
The settings for configuring Remote System Log are found atSystem>Event Log:
Remote Syslog Settings
Remote Syslog
Remote Syslog allows syslog message to be sent to a specified remote syslog server.
You can configure a remote syslog host either in the form of an IP address or a server
domain name.
Remote Syslog
Host
This setting specifies the IP address or host name of the remote Syslog server.
Port
This setting specifies the port number of the remote Syslog service.
By default, the Port setting has value is 514.
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21.6 SNMP
SNMPor Simple Network Management Protocol is an open standard that can be used to collect
information from the Pepwave MAX Mobile Router.
SNMP configuration is located atSystem> SNMP:
SNMP Settings
SNMP Device
Name
SNMP Port
SNMPv1
SNMPv2
SNMPv3
This field shows the router name defined in System > Admin Security.
This option specifies the port which SNMP used. The default port is set as 161.
This option allows you to enable SNMP version 1.
This option allows you to enable SNMP version 2.
This option allows you to enable SNMP version 3.
To add a community for either SNMPv1 or SNMPv2, click the Add SNMP Communitybutton in the
Community Name table, upon which the following screen will be displayed:
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SNMP Community Settings
Community Name
This setting specifies the SNMP Community Name.
This setting specifies a subnet from which access to the SNMP server is allowed.
Enter subnet address here (e.g. 192.168.1.0), and specify your subnet mask using
the pull-down menu.
Allowed Source
Subnet Address
To define a user name for SNMPv3, click Add SNMP User in the SNMPv3 User Name table, upon which
the following screen is displayed:
SNMPv3 User Settings
User Name
This setting specifies a user name to be used in SNMPv3.
This setting specifies via a drop-down menu the one of the following valid authentication
protocols:
Authentication
Protocol

NONE

MD5

SHA
Specify your password on the field to the right.
This setting specifies via a drop-down menu the one of the following valid privacy
protocols:

Privacy Protocol
NONE

DES
Specify your password on the field to the right.
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21.7 InControl
When this check box is checked, the device’s status information, usage data, and configuration will be
sent to Pepwave’s InControl system. You can sign up for an InControl account
athttps://incontrol.pepwave.com/ . You can register devices under the account, monitor device status and
usage reports, and download backed up configuration files.
Default: Disabled
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21.8 Configuration
Backing up the Pepwave MAX settings immediately after successful completion of the initial setup is
strongly recommended.
The functionality to download and upload Pepwave MAX settings is found atSystem> Configuration
Configuration
Restore
Configuration to
Factory Settings
Downloading
Active
Configurations
The Restore Factory Settings button is to reset the configuration to the factory default
settings. After clicking the button, you will need to click the Apply Changes button on the
top right corner to make the settings effective.
The purpose of the Download button is to backup the current active settings. Click
Download and save the configuration file.
To restore or change settings based on a configuration file, click Choose File to locate the
configuration file on the local computer, and then click Upload.
Uploading
Configurations
Uploading
Configuration from
High Availability
Pair
The new settings can then be applied by clicking the Apply Changes button on the page
header, or you can cancel the procedure by pressing discard on the Main page of Web
Admin Interface.
(Available on Pepwave MAX HD2 and MAX 700)
In a High Availability (HA) configuration, the MAX router can quickly load the configuration
of its HA counterpart. To do so, click the Upload button.
After loading the settings, configure the LAN IP address of the MAX router to be different
from the HA counterpart.
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21.9 Feature Add-ons
Some MAX routers have features that could be activated upon purchase. Once the purchase is complete,
you will receive an Activation Key. Enter the key on the Activation Key field, click Activate, and then
click Apply Changes.
21.10 Reboot
This page provides a Reboot button for restarting the system.
For highest reliability, the Pepwave MAX is equipped with two copies of firmware of different version. You
can select the firmware version you would like the device to reboot with.
The firmware marked with (Running) is the current system boot up firmware.
Please note that a firmware upgrade will always replace the inactive firmware partition.
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21.11 Ping Test
The Ping Test tool in the Pepwave MAX performs Pings through a specified Ethernet interface or a
SpeedFusionTMconnection. You can specify the number of pings in the fieldNumber of timesto a
maximum of 10 times, and Packet Size can be specified in the field Packet Size to a maximum of 1472
bytes.
The Ping utility is located at System > Tools > Ping, illustrated as follows:
Tip
A system administrator can use the Ping utility to manually check the connectivity of a particular LAN/WAN
connection.
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21.12 Traceroute Test
The Traceroute Test tool in the Pepwave MAX traces the routing path to the destination through a
TM
particular Ethernet interface or SpeedFusion connection.
The Traceroute Test utility is located at System > Tools > Traceroute, illustrated as follows:
Tip
A system administrator can use the Traceroute utility to analyze the connection path of a LAN/WAN connection.
21.13 PepVPN Test
The PepVPN Test tool can help to test the throughput between different VPN peers.
You can define the Test Type,Direction, and Duration of the test, and press Go!to perform the
throughput test. The VPN Test utility is located at System > Tools >PepVPN Test illustrated as follows:
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21.14 PepVPN Analyzer
The bandwidth bonding feature of PepVPN occurs when multiple WAN lines from one end merge with
multiple WAN lines from the other end. For this to happen, each WAN line needs to form a connection
with all the WAN lines on the opposite end. The function of the PepVPN Analyzer is to report the
throughput, packet loss, and latency of all possible combinations of connections.
This feature is located in System > PepVPN Analyzer.To utilize this feature, simply choose your profile
from the drop-down menu and click Go!
21.15 CLI (Command Line Interface Support)
The CLI (Command Line Interface) can be accessed via SSH. This field enables CLI support.
The below settings specify which TCP port and which interface(s) should accept remote SSH CLI access.
The user name and password used for remote SSH CLI access are the same as those used for web
admin access.
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22 Status
This section displays the information of the Pepwave MAX on the Device, ActiveSessions, Client List,
WINS Client List,SpeedFusionTM,UPnP / NAT-PMP,Event Log, and Bandwidth.
22.1 Device
System information is located at Status>Device:
System Information
Router Name
Model
Hardware Revision
Serial Number
Firmware
Modem Support
Version
Uptime
System Time
GPX File
(HD2 and HD2 IP67
Only)
Diagnostic Report
This is the name specified in the field Router Name located in System > Admin
Security.
This shows the model name and number of this device.
This shows the hardware version of this device.
This shows the serial number of this device.
This shows the firmware version that this device is currently running.
This shows the modem support version of this device. A Modem Support List link
redirects users to a list of cellular modems supported by this device.
This shows the length of time since the device is rebooted.
This shows the current system time.
This contains the GPS data of the latest 7 days. A Download button is for exporting the
data in GPX format of the selected date. For more information about how GPS works
inHD2 and HD2 IP67, please refer to section 19.1.1.
A Download button is for exporting a diagnostic report file required for system
investigation.
The second table shows the MAC address of each LAN/WAN interface connected.
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To view this you device’s End User License Agreement (EULA), please click on the
icon.
Important Note
If you encounter issues and would like to contact PepwaveSupport Team (http://www.pepwave.com/contact/),
please download the diagnostic report file and attach it along with a description of your encountered issue.
In firmware 5.1 or before, Diagnostic Report file can be obtained at System > Reboot
22.1.1 GPS Data
The MAX HD2and HD2 IP67automatically stores up to seven days of GPS location data in GPS
eXchange format (GPX). To review this data using third-party applications, click Status>Deviceand then
download your GPX file.
The Pepwave MAX BR1, HD2 and HD2 IP67 export real-time location data in NMEA format through its
LAN IP address at TCP port 60660. It is accessible from LAN or over a SpeedFusion connection. To
access the data via a virtual serial port, you have to install a virtual serial port driver.Visit
http://www.peplink.com/index.php?view=faq&id=294 to download the driver.
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22.2 Active Sessions
Information on Active Sessions is at Status> Active Sessions> Overview
This screen displays the number of sessions initiated by each application. Click on each Service to obtain
additional information. This screen also indicates the number of sessions initiated by each WAN port.
Finally, you can see which clients are initiating the most sessions.
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In addition, you can also perform a filtered search for specific sessions. You can filter by subnet, port,
protocol, and interface. To perform a search, navigate to: Status > Active Sessions> Search
This Active Sessions section displays the active inbound / outbound and UDP / TCP sessions of each
WAN connection on the Pepwave MAX.
A filter is available to help sort out the active session information. Enter a keyword in the field or check
one of the WAN connection boxes for filtering.
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22.3 Client List
The client list table is located at Status > Client List. It lists DHCP client IP addresses, their Names
(retrieved from DHCP reservation table or defined by users), current Download and Upload rate and
MAC addresses that the Pepwave MAX has offered IP addresses to since it is powered up.Network
Name (SSID) and Signal refers to the information about Wi-Fi AP, which is the name of the Network and
its signal strength. Clients can be imported into DHCP Reservation table by clicking the
button on
the right-most column. Further update the record after the import by going to Network > LAN.
If PPTP Server in section 19.2 is enabled, you may see the corresponding connection name would be
listed in the field of Name.
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22.4 WINS Client
The WINS client list table is located at Status >WINS Client. It lists WINS client IP addresses and their
Names. This option will only be available when you have enabled the WINS Server in section 8.1.
Name of clients retrieved will be automatically matched into Client List in the previous section.
Click the button Flush All to flush all WINS client records.
22.5 SpeedFusionTM
This is a page showing the current status of SpeedFusionTM, located at: Status >SpeedFusionTM
Details about peer’s WAN connections are listed as below.
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22.6 UPnP / NAT-PMP
The table that shows the forwarded ports under UPnP and NAT-PMP protocols is located at Status >
UPnP / NAT-PMP:
This section appears only if you have enabled the function of UPnP / NAT-PMP as mentioned in
Section15.1.1
Click the button
to delete a single UPnP / NAT-PMPrecord in its corresponding row. To delete all
records, click Delete All on the right-hand side below the table.
Important Note
UPnP / NAT-PMP records would be deleted immediately after clicking the button
need to click Save or Confirm.
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22.7 Event Log
Event Log information is located at Status>Event Log:
The log section displays a list of events that has taken place on the Pepwave MAX unit.Click the Auto
Refresh to retrieve log entries again. Click the Clear Log button
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22.8 Bandwidth
This section shows the bandwidth usage statistics, located at:Status > Bandwidth
Bandwidth usage at the LAN and when the device is switched off, bandwidth usage is not recorded and
not shown.
22.8.1 Real-Time
The Data transferred since installation shows you how many network traffic has been processed by
your device since first boot.
Click Show Details in the top right hand corner of each table and the details of data transferred will be
shown.
The check box Stacked below the data transferred graph can be checked to show the aggregated
transferred rate of both traffic directions.
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22.8.2 Hourly
This page shows the daily bandwidth usage for all and each WAN connection.
Select the connection in which you want to check its usage from the drop down menu
22.8.3 Daily
This page shows the daily bandwidth usage for all and each WAN connection.
Select the connection in which you want to check its usage from the drop down menu. If you have
enabled Bandwidth Monitoring feature as shown in section9.5, the Current Billing Cycle table for that
WAN connection will be displayed.
Click on a date to view the client bandwidth usage of that specific date. This feature is not available if you
have selected to view the bandwidth usage of only a particular WAN connection.
The Scale of the graph can be set to show in Megabyte (MB) or Gigabyte (GB).
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All WAN Daily Bandwidth Usage
22.8.4 Monthly
This page shows the monthly bandwidth usage for each WAN connection.
If you have enabled Bandwidth Monitoring feature as shown in section9.5, you can choose a particular
connection to check its usage and select to show the monthly usage period in Billing Cycle or Calendar
Month.
Click the first or second row to view the client bandwidth usage of the current month.This feature is not
available if you have chosen to view the bandwidth usage of only a particular WAN connection.
The Scale of the graph can be set to show in Megabyte (MB) or Gigabyte (GB).
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All WAN Monthly Bandwidth Usage
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Ethernet WAN Monthly Bandwidth Usage
Tip
By default, the scale of data size is in MB. 1GB equals to 1024MB.
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Appendix A. Restoration of Factory Defaults
To restore the factory default settings on a Pepwave MAX unit, follow the steps below:
1.
Locate the reset button on the front panel ofPepwave MAX unit.
2.
With a paper clip, press the reset button and hold it for at least 10 seconds until the unit reboots
itself.
Afterthe Pepwave MAX finishes rebooting, the factory default settings will be restored.
Important Note
All previous configurations and bandwidth usage data will be lost after restoring the factory default settings.
Regular backup of configuration settings is strongly recommended.
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Appendix B. Declaration
1. The device supports time division technology
2. Federal Communication Commission Interference Statement
This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions:
(1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference
received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant
to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful
interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency
energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference
to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular
installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can
be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the
interference by one of the following measures:
- Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
- Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.
- Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that
to which the receiver is connected.
- Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help. FCC Caution: Any changes or
modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user's
authority to operate this equipment.
This transmitter must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter.
Operations in the 5.15-5.25GHz band are restricted to indoor usage only.
IMPORTANT NOTE
FCC Radiation Exposure Statement (for MAX700/ HD2/ HD2 IP67/ BR1)
This equipment complies with FCC radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled environment.
This equipment should be installed and operated with minimum distance 20cm between the radiator &
your body.
FCC Radiation Exposure Statement (for MAX On-The-Go)
This equipment complies with FCC radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled environment.
1. 20cm minimum when the product is operated alone without co-transmitting with a plug-in 3G USB
dongle device.
2. 65cm minimum when the product is operated with a plug-in 3G USB device which has maximum
of 7W ERP output power.
3. For co-transmission scenario which is not covered above, please consult the RF technician or device
supplier.
This transmitter must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter.
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The availability of some specific channels and/or operational frequency bands are country
dependent and are firmware programmed at the factory to match the intended destination.
3. CE Statement for MAX BR1
Europe – EU Declaration of Conformity
This device complies with the essential requirements of the R&TTE Directive 1999/5/EC. The
following test methods have been applied in order to prove presumption of conformity with the
essential requirements of the R&TTE Directive 1999/5/EC:
EN 60950-1: 2006 + A11 : 2009+A1 : 2010+ A12: 2011
Safety of Information Technology Equipment
EN50385 : 2002 / Article 3(1)(a)
Product standard to demonstrate the compliance of radio base stations and fixed terminal stations for
wireless telecommunication systems with the basic restrictions or the reference levels related to
human exposure to radio frequency electromagnetic fields (110MHz - 40 GHz) - General public
EN 300 328 V1.7.1: 2006
Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); Wideband Transmission systems;
Data transmission equipment operating in the 2,4 GHz ISM band and using spread spectrum
modulation techniques; Harmonized EN covering essential requirements under article 3.2 of the
R&TTE Directive
EN 301 908-1 V5.2.1: 2011
Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); Base Stations (BS), Repeaters
and User Equipment (UE) for IMT-2000 Third-Generation cellular networks; Part 1: Harmonized EN
for IMT-2000, introduction and common requirements, covering essential requirements of article 3.2
of the R&TTE Directive
EN 301 511 V9.0.2: 2003
Global System for Mobile communications (GSM); Harmonized standard for mobile stations in the
GSM 900 and DCS 1800 bands covering essential requirements under article 3.2 of the R&TTE
directive (1999/5/EC)
EN 301 489-1 V1.9.2: 2008
Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio Spectrum Matters (ERM); ElectroMagnetic Compatibility
(EMC) standard for radio equipment and services; Part 1: Common technical requirements
EN 301 489-7 V1.3.1: 2005
ElectroMagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); ElectroMagnetic Compatibility
(EMC) standard for radio equipment ad services; Part 7: Specific conditions for mobile and portable
radio and ancillary equipment of digital cellular radio telecommunications systems (GSM and DCS)
EN 301 489-17 V2.2.1: 2012
Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); ElectroMagnetic Compatibility
(EMC) standard for radio equipment and services; Part 17: Specific conditions for 2,4 GHz wideband
transmission systems and 5 GHz high performance RLAN equipment
EN 301 489-24 V1.5.1: 2010
Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio Spectrum Matters (ERM); ElectroMagnetic Compatibility
(EMC) standard for radio equipment and services; Part 24: Specific conditions for IMT-2000 CDMA
Direct Spread (UTRA) for Mobile and portable (UE) radio and ancillary equipment
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Česky
[Czech]
Dansk
[Danish]
Deutsch
[German]
Eesti
[Estonian]
English
Español
[Spanish]
Ελληνική
[Greek]
Français
[French]
Italiano
[Italian]
Latviski
[Latvian]
Lietuvių
[Lithuanian]
Nederlands
[Dutch]
Malti
[Maltese]
Magyar
[Hungarian]
Polski
[Polish]
Português
[Portuguese]
Slovensko
[Slovenian]
Slovensky
[Slovak]
Suomi
[Finnish]
Svenska
[Swedish]
0081
[Jméno výrobce] tímto prohlašuje, že tento [typ zařízení] je ve shodě se základními požadavky a
dalšími příslušnými ustanoveními směrnice 1999/5/ES.
Undertegnede [fabrikantens navn] erklæ rer herved, at fø lgende udstyr [udstyrets typebetegnelse]
overholder de væ sentlige krav og øvrige relevante krav i direktiv 1999/5/EF.
Hiermit erklärt [Name des Herstellers], dass sich das Gerät [Gerätetyp] in Ü bereinstimmung mit
den grundlegenden Anforderungen und den übrigen einschlägigen Bestimmungen der Richtlinie
1999/5/EG befindet.
Käesolevaga kinnitab [tootja nimi = name of manufacturer] seadme [seadme tüüp = type of
equipment] vastavust direktiivi 1999/5/EÜ põhinõuetele ja nimetatud direktiivist tulenevatele
teistele asjakohastele sätetele.
Hereby, [name of manufacturer], declares that this [type of equipment] is in compliance with the
essential requirements and other relevant provisions of Directive 1999/5/EC.
Por medio de la presente [nombre del fabricante] declara que el [clase de equipo] cumple con los
requisitos esenciales y cualesquiera otras disposiciones aplicables o exigibles de la Directiva
1999/5/CE.
ΜΕ ΣΗΝ ΠΑΡΟΤ΢Α [name of manufacturer] ΔΗΛΩΝΕΙ ΟΣΙ [type of equipment]
΢ΤΜΜΟΡΦΩΝΕΣΑΙ ΠΡΟ΢ ΣΙ΢ ΟΤ΢ΙΩΔΕΙ΢ ΑΠΑΙΣΗ΢ΕΙ΢ ΚΑΙ ΣΙ΢ ΛΟΙΠΕ΢ ΢ΥΕΣΙΚΕ΢
ΔΙΑΣΑΞΕΙ΢ ΣΗ΢ ΟΔΗΓΙΑ΢ 1999/5/ΕΚ.
Par la présente [nom du fabricant] déclare que l'appareil [type d'appareil] est conforme aux
exigences essentielles et aux autres dispositions pertinentes de la directive 1999/5/CE.
Con la presente [nome del costruttore] dichiara che questo [tipo di apparecchio] è conforme ai
requisiti essenziali ed alle altre disposizioni pertinenti stabilite dalla direttiva 1999/5/CE.
Ar šo [name of manufacturer / izgatavotāja nosaukums] deklarē, ka [type of equipment / iekārtas
tips] atbilst Direktīvas 1999/5/EK būtiskajām prasībām un citiem ar to saistītajiem noteikumiem.
Šiuo [manufacturer name] deklaruoja, kad šis [equipment type] atitinka esminius reikalavimus ir
kitas 1999/5/EB Direktyvos nuostatas.
Hierbij verklaart [naam van de fabrikant] dat het toestel [type van toestel] in overeenstemming is
met de essentiële eisen en de andere relevante bepalingen van richtlijn 1999/5/EG.
Hawnhekk, [isem tal-manifattur], jiddikjara li dan [il-mudel tal-prodott] jikkonforma mal-ħtiġijiet
essenzjali u ma provvedimenti oħrajn relevanti li hemm fid-Dirrettiva 1999/5/EC.
Alulírott, [gyártó neve] nyilatkozom, hogy a [... típus]megfelel a vonatkozó alapvetõ
követelményeknek és az 1999/5/EC irányelv egyéb elõírásainak.
Niniejszym [nazwa producenta] oświadcza, że [nazwa wyrobu] jest zgodny z zasadniczymi
wymogami oraz pozostałymi stosownymi postanowieniami Dyrektywy 1999/5/EC.
[Nome do fabricante] declara que este [tipo de equipamento] está conforme com os requisitos
essenciais e outras disposições da Directiva 1999/5/CE.
[Ime proizvajalca] izjavlja, da je ta [tip opreme] v skladu z bistvenimi zahtevami in ostalimi
relevantnimi določili direktive 1999/5/ES.
[Meno výrobcu] týmto vyhlasuje, že [typ zariadenia]spĺňa základné požiadavky a všetky príslušné
ustanovenia Smernice 1999/5/ES.
[Valmistaja = manufacturer] vakuuttaa täten että [type of equipment = laitteen tyyppimerkintä]
tyyppinen laite on direktiivin 1999/5/EY oleellisten vaatimusten ja sitä koskevien direktiivin muiden
ehtojen mukainen.
Härmed intygar [företag] att denna [utrustningstyp] står I överensstämmelse med de väsentliga
egenskapskrav och övriga relevanta bestämmelser som framgår av direktiv 1999/5/EG.
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What are we doing at the moment?
Follow us on Twitter!
http://twitter.com/Peplink
Want to know more about us?
Add us on Facebook!
http://www.facebook.com/peplink
Difficulties when configuring the device?
Visit Our YouTube Channel!
http://www.youtube.com/PeplinkChannel
Contact Us:
Address:
Sales
United States Office
800 West El Camino Real,
Mountain View
CA 94040
United States
Tel: +1 (650) 450 9669
Fax: +1 (866) 625 4664
http://www.pepwave.com/contact/sales/
Support
http://www.pepwave.com/contact/
Business Development and
Partnerships
http://www.pepwave.com/partners/channelpartner-program/
Hong Kong Office
A5, 5/F, HK Spinners
Industrial Building, Phase 6,
481 Castle Peak Road,
Cheung Sha Wan,
Hong Kong
Tel:
+852 2990 7600
Fax:
+852 3007 0588

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