Pismolabs Technology P1710 Pepwave / Peplink / Pismo Wireless Product User Manual Pepwave MAX
Pismo Labs Technology Limited Pepwave / Peplink / Pismo Wireless Product Pepwave MAX
User Manual.pdf
COPYRIGHT & TRADEMARKS
Specifications are subject to change without notice. Copyright © 2012 Pepwave Ltd. All Rights Reserved. Pepwave and the
Pepwave logo are trademarks of Pepwave Ltd. Other brands or products mentioned may be trademarks or registered
trademarks of their respective owners.
Pepwave MAX Series:
MAX 600 / 700 / HD2 / BR1
Pepwave MAX Firmware 5.4
September 2012
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Table of Contents
1 INTRODUCTION AND SCOPE ............................................................................................. 5
2 GLOSSARY........................................................................................................................ 6
3 PRODUCT FEATURES ........................................................................................................ 7
3.1 SUPPORTED NETWORK FEATURES ............................................................................................................. 7
3.2 OTHER SUPPORTED FEATURES .................................................................................................................. 8
4 PEPWAVE MAX MOBILE ROUTER OVERVIEW .................................................................... 9
4.1 MAX 600 ............................................................................................................................................ 9
4.2 MAX 700 .......................................................................................................................................... 11
4.3 MAX HD2 ......................................................................................................................................... 13
4.4 MAX BR1 .......................................................................................................................................... 14
5 INSTALLATION ............................................................................................................... 16
5.1 PREPARATION...................................................................................................................................... 16
5.2 CONSTRUCTING THE NETWORK ............................................................................................................... 16
5.3 CONFIGURING THE NETWORK ENVIRONMENT ............................................................................................ 17
5.4 MOUNTING THE UNIT ........................................................................................................................... 17
6 CONNECTING TO WEB ADMIN INTERFACE ...................................................................... 19
7 CONFIGURATION OF LAN INTERFACE(S) ......................................................................... 21
7.1 BASIC SETTINGS ................................................................................................................................... 21
7.2 WI-FI AP ........................................................................................................................................... 25
8 CONFIGURATION OF WAN INTERFACE(S) ........................................................................ 27
8.1 ETHERNET WAN ................................................................................................................................. 28
8.2 CELLULAR 1 / CELLULAR 2 ..................................................................................................................... 37
8.3 WI-FI WAN ....................................................................................................................................... 40
8.4 WAN HEALTH CHECK ........................................................................................................................... 45
8.5 BANDWIDTH ALLOWANCE MONITOR ....................................................................................................... 49
9 WI-FI SETTINGS .............................................................................................................. 50
10 BANDWIDTH BONDING SPEEDFUSIONTM ........................................................................ 53
10.1 SPEEDFUSIONTM .................................................................................................................................. 54
10.2 LINK FAILURE DETECTION ...................................................................................................................... 58
10.3 PEPWAVE MAX BEHIND NAT ROUTER .................................................................................................... 59
10.4 SPEEDFUSIONTM STATUS ....................................................................................................................... 60
11 IPSEC VPN ...................................................................................................................... 61
11.1 IPSEC VPN SETTINGS ............................................................................................................................ 61
11.2 IPSEC STATUS ...................................................................................................................................... 64
12 MANAGEMENT OF OUTBOUND TRAFFIC TO WAN .......................................................... 64
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12.1 OUTBOUND POLICY .............................................................................................................................. 64
12.2 CUSTOM RULES FOR OUTBOUND POLICY .................................................................................................. 65
13 PORT FORWARDING ...................................................................................................... 75
13.1 PORT FORWARDING SERVICE .................................................................................................................. 75
13.2 UPNP / NAT-PMP SETTINGS ................................................................................................................ 77
14 NAT MAPPINGS ............................................................................................................. 78
15 QOS
15.1 USER GROUPS ..................................................................................................................................... 80
15.2 BANDWIDTH CONTROL .......................................................................................................................... 81
15.3 APPLICATION ....................................................................................................................................... 82
16 FIREWALL ...................................................................................................................... 84
16.1 OUTBOUND AND INBOUND FIREWALL ...................................................................................................... 84
16.2 INTRUSION DETECTION AND DOS PREVENTION .......................................................................................... 88
17 MISCELLANEOUS SETTINGS ............................................................................................ 89
17.1 PPTP SERVER ..................................................................................................................................... 89
17.2 SERVICE FORWARDING .......................................................................................................................... 90
17.3 SERVICE PASSTHROUGH......................................................................................................................... 92
18 SYSTEM SETTINGS .......................................................................................................... 93
18.1 ADMIN SECURITY ................................................................................................................................. 93
18.2 FIRMWARE UPGRADE ........................................................................................................................... 97
18.3 TIME ................................................................................................................................................. 97
18.4 EMAIL NOTIFICATION ............................................................................................................................ 98
18.5 REMOTE SYSLOG ................................................................................................................................ 101
18.6 SNMP ............................................................................................................................................. 102
18.7 INCONTROL ...................................................................................................................................... 104
18.8 CONFIGURATION ................................................................................................................................ 105
18.9 REBOOT ........................................................................................................................................... 106
18.10 PING TEST ........................................................................................................................................ 107
18.11 TRACEROUTE TEST ............................................................................................................................. 108
18.12 SPEEDFUSIONTM TEST ......................................................................................................................... 108
18.13 CLI (COMMAND LINE INTERFACE SUPPORT) ............................................................................................ 109
19 STATUS ......................................................................................................................... 110
19.1 DEVICE............................................................................................................................................. 110
19.2 ACTIVE SESSIONS ............................................................................................................................... 112
19.3 CLIENT LIST ....................................................................................................................................... 113
19.4 WINS CLIENT ................................................................................................................................... 114
19.5 SPEEDFUSIONTM ................................................................................................................................ 114
19.6 UPNP / NAT-PMP ........................................................................................................................... 115
19.7 EVENT LOG ....................................................................................................................................... 116
19.8 BANDWIDTH ..................................................................................................................................... 117
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1 Introduction and Scope
The Pepwave MAX Mobile Router provides link aggregation and load balancing across multiple WAN
connections, allowing a combination of technologies like 3G HSDPA, EVDO, 4G LTE, Wi-Fi, external
WiMAX dongle, and Satellite to be utilized to connect to the Internet.
This manual presents how to set up the Pepwave MAX Mobile Router and provides an introduction to the
features and usage of Pepwave MAX Mobile Router.
Tips
Want to know more about Pepwave MAX? Visit our YouTube Channel for a video introduction!
http://youtu.be/UCkVQThLKO4
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2 Glossary
The following terms, acronyms, and abbreviations are frequently used in this manual:
Term
Definition
3G
3rd Generation standards for wireless communications (e.g. HSDPA)
4G
4th Generation standards for wireless communications (e.g. WiMAX, LTE)
DHCP
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
DNS
Domain Name System
EVDO
Evolution-Data Optimized
HSDPA
High-Speed Downlink Packet Access
HTTP
Hyper-Text Transfer Protocol
ICMP
Internet Control Message Protocol
IP
Internet Protocol
LAN
Local Area Network
MAC Address
Media Access Control Address
MTU
Maximum Transmission Unit
MSS
Maximum Segment Size
NAT
Network Address Translation
PPPoE
Point to Point Protocol over Ethernet
QoS
Quality of Service
SNMP
Simple Network Management Protocol
TCP
Transmission Control Protocol
UDP
User Datagram Protocol
VPN
Virtual Private Network
VRRP
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol
WAN
Wide Area Network
WINS
Windows Internet Name Service
WLAN
Wireless Local Area Network
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3 Product Features
Pepwave MAX enables all LAN users to share broadband Internet connections, and provide advanced
features to enhance Internet access. The following is the list of supported features on Pepwave MAX
Mobile Router:
3.1 Supported Network Features
3.1.1 WAN
Ethernet WAN Connection in Full/Half Duplex
Built-in HSPA and EVDO cellular modems (Available on Pepwave MAX HD2)
USB mobile connection(s)
PC Card WAN connection (Available on Pepwave MAX 600)
ExpressCard WAN connection (Available on Pepwave MAX 600)
Wi-Fi WAN connection
Network Address Translation (NAT)/ Port Address Translation (PAT)
Inbound and Outbound NAT mapping
IPsec NAT-T and PPTP packet passthrough
MAC address clone and passthrough
Customizable MTU and MSS values
WAN connection health check
Dynamic DNS (Supported service providers: changeip.com, dyndns.org, no-ip.org, tzo.com and
DNS-O-Matic)
Ping, DNS Lookup and HTTP based health check
3.1.2 LAN
Wi-Fi AP
Ethernet LAN ports
DHCP server on LAN
Static routing rules
3.1.3 VPN
SpeedFusionTM
VPN load balancing and failover among selected WAN connections
Bandwidth bonding & failover among selected WAN connections
IPsec VPN for Network-to-Network connection (Works with Cisco, Juniper only)
Ability to route Internet traffic to a remote VPN peer
Optional pre-shared key setting
SpeedFusionTM Throughput, Ping and Traceroute Test
PPTP server
PPTP and IPsec passthrough
3.1.4 Firewall
Outbound (LAN to WAN) firewall rules
Inbound (WAN to LAN) firewall rules per WAN connection
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Intrusion detection and prevention
Specification of NAT mappings
Outbound firewall rules can be defined by destination domain name
3.1.5 Outbound Policy
Link load distribution per TCP/UDP service
Persistent routing for specified source and/or destination IP addresses per TCP/UDP service
Traffic Prioritization and DSL optimization
Prioritize and route traffic to VPN tunnels with Priority and Enforced algorithms
3.1.6 QoS
Quality of Service for different applications and custom protocols
User Group classification for different service levels
Bandwidth usage control and monitoring on group- and user- level
Application Prioritization for custom protocols and DSL/Cable optimization
3.2 Other Supported Features
User-friendly web-based administration interface
HTTP and HTTPS support for Web Admin Interface
Configurable web administration port and administrator password
Firmware upgrades, configuration backups, Ping, and Traceroute via Web Admin Interface
Remote web based configuration (via WAN and LAN interfaces)
Time server synchronization
SNMP
Email notification
Read-only user for Web Admin
Authentication and Accounting by RADIUS server for Web Admin
Built-in WINS Servers
Syslog
SIP passthrough
PPTP packet passthrough
Event Log
Active Sessions
Client List
WINS Client List
UPnP / NAT-PMP
Real-Time, Hourly, Daily and Monthly Bandwidth Usage reports and charts
IPv6 support (Available on Pepwave MAX 700 and HD2)
Support USB tethering on Android 2.2+ phones
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4 Pepwave MAX Mobile Router Overview
4.1 MAX 600
4.1.1 Front Panel Appearance
4.1.2 LED Indicators
The statuses indicated by the Front Panel LEDs are as follows:
Power and Status Indicators
Power
OFF
Power off
Green
Power on
Status
OFF
System initializing
Red
Booting up or busy
Green
Ready state
Wi-Fi AP and Wi-Fi WAN Indicators
Wi-Fi WAN
OFF
Disabled Intermittent
Blinking
Trying to connect but not connected to any wireless network
ON
Connected to wireless network(s) without traffic
Continuous Blinking
Transferring data
Wi-Fi AP
OFF
Disabled Intermittent
Blinking
Enabled but no client connected
ON
Client(s) connected to wireless network
Continuous Blinking
Transferring data to wireless network
Wi-Fi AP LED
LAN Ports
Ethernet WAN Port
PC Card Slot
Express Card Slot
Wi-Fi WAN Connector
Wi-Fi LAN Connector
USB Ports
Status LED
Power LED
Wi-Fi WAN LED
Reset Button
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LAN and Ethernet WAN Ports
Green LED
ON
100 Mbps
OFF
10 Mbps
Orange LED
Solid
Port is connected without traffic
Blinking
Data is transferring
OFF
Port is not connected
Port Type
Auto MDI/MDI-X ports
4.1.3 Rear Panel Appearance
Power Connector
Terminal Block
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4.2 MAX 700
4.2.1 Front Panel Appearance
4.2.2 LED Indicators
The statuses indicated by the Front Panel LEDs are as follows:
Status Indicators
Status
OFF
System initializing
Red
Booting up or busy
Blinking red
Boot up error
Green
Ready
Wi-Fi AP and Wi-Fi WAN Indicators
Wi-Fi WAN
OFF
Disconnected
Blinking slowly
Connecting to network
Blinking
Connected to network with traffic
ON
Connected to network without traffic
Wi-Fi AP
OFF
Disabled
Blinking slowly
Enabled but no client connected
Blinking
Connected to network with traffic
ON
Client(s) connected to wireless network
LAN Ports
Ethernet WAN Port
Wi-Fi WAN Connector
Wi-Fi LAN Connector
USB Port
Wi-Fi AP LED
Wi-Fi WAN LED
Reset Button
Power LED
Terminal Block
Status LED
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LAN and Ethernet WAN Ports
Green LED
ON
10 / 100/ 1000 Mbps
Orange LED
Blinking
Data is transferring
OFF
No data is being transferred or port is not connected
Port Type
Auto MDI/MDI-X ports
4.2.3 Rear Panel Appearance
Power Connector
USB Ports
Kensington Lock
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4.3 MAX HD2
4.3.1 Front Panel Appearance
4.3.2 LED Indicators
The statuses indicated by the Front Panel LEDs are as follows:
Status Indicators
Status
OFF
System initializing
Red
Booting up or busy
Blinking red
Boot up error
Green
Ready
Wi-Fi AP and Wi-Fi WAN Indicators
Wi-Fi WAN /
Cellular 1 /
Cellular 2
OFF
Disabled Intermittent
Blinking slowly
Connecting to wireless network(s)
Blinking
Connected to wireless network(s) with traffic
ON
Connected to wireless network(s) without traffic
LAN and Ethernet WAN Ports
Green LED
ON
10 / 100 / 1000 Mbps
Orange LED
Blinking
Data is transferring
OFF
No data is being transferred or port is not connected
Port Type
Auto MDI/MDI-X ports
LAN Ports
Ethernet WAN Port
Wi-Fi WAN Connector
Wi-Fi AP Connector
USB Port
Status LED
Wi-Fi WAN LED
Reset Button
Cellular WAN LED
Terminal Block
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4.3.3 Rear Panel Appearance
4.4 MAX BR1
4.4.1 Front Appearance
4.4.2 Top Panel Appearance
(MAX-BR1 Version)
Power Connector
Cellular SIM Slots
Kensington Lock
Cellular Antenna Connectors
RP-SMA Wi-Fi
Antenna Connector
SMA Cellular
Antenna Connector
SMA GPS Antenna
Connector
Redundant Cellular
SIM Slots
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(MAX-BR1-LTE Version)
4.4.3 Rear Panel Appearance
Dual 10/100
Ethernet LAN
10 -30V DC
Terminal Block
10/100
Ethernet WAN
10 – 30V DC
Connector
SMA GPS Antenna
Connector
Redundant Cellular
SIM Slots
Redundant Cellular
SIM Slots
RP-SMA Wi-Fi
Antenna Connector
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5 Installation
Connecting the Network with Pepwave MAX Mobile Router:
5.1 Preparation
Before installing Pepwave MAX Mobile Router, please prepare the following:
At least one Internet/WAN access account and/or Wi-Fi access information.
For each network connection,
Ethernet WAN: A 10/100/1000 BaseT UTP cable with RJ45 connector
USB: A USB modem
Embedded Modem: A SIM card for GSM/HSPA service
Wi-Fi WAN: Wi-Fi antennas
PC Card / Express Card WAN: A PC Card/Express Card for the corresponding card slot.
A computer with TCP/IP network protocol and a web browser installed. Supported browsers
include Microsoft Internet Explorer 8.0 or above, Mozilla Firefox 10.0 or above, Apple Safari 5.1
or above, and Google Chrome 18 or above.
5.2 Constructing the Network
At the high level, construct the network according to the following steps:
1. With an Ethernet cable, connect a computer to one of the LAN ports on the Pepwave MAX.
Repeat with different cables for up to 4 computers to be connected.
2. With another Ethernet cable or a USB modem / Wi-Fi antenna / PC Card / Express Card, connect
it to one of the WAN ports on the Pepwave MAX. Repeat the same procedure for other WAN
ports.
3. Connect the power adapter to the power connector on the rear panel of Pepwave MAX, and then
plug it into a power outlet.
The following figure schematically illustrates the configuration that results:
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5.3 Configuring the Network Environment
To ensure that Pepwave MAX works properly in the LAN environment and can access the Internet via the
WAN connections, please refer to the following setup procedures:
LAN Configuration
For basic configuration, refer to Section 6, Connecting to Web Admin Interface.
For advanced configuration, go to Section 7, Configuration of LAN Interface(s).
WAN Configuration
For basic configuration, refer to Section 6, Connecting to Web Admin Interface.
For advanced configuration, go to Section 8, Configuration of WAN Interface(s).
5.4 Mounting the Unit
5.4.1 Wall Mount
Pepwave MAX can be mounted on the wall by screwing. After adding the screw on the wall, slide the
MAX in the screw whole socket as indicated below.
Recommeneded Screw Specification: M3.5 x 20mm, Head Diameter 6mm, Head Thickness 2.4mm
Wall Mount
Screw Socket
Wall Mount
Screw Socket
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5.4.2 Car Mount
Pepwave MAX can be mounted on a flat surface using the included car mounting plate. Place the car
mount according the label’s direction, and screw it onto the device.
After mounting the plate on the back of the device, add screw on the plate on the flat surface.
Mounting Plate
Screw Holes
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6 Connecting to Web Admin Interface
1. Start a web browser on a computer that is connected with Pepwave MAX through LAN.
2. To connect to Web Admin Interface of Pepwave MAX, enter the following LAN IP address in the
address field of the web browser:
http://192.168.50.1
(This is the default LAN IP address of Pepwave MAX.)
3. Enter the following to access the Web
Admin Interface.
Username: admin
Password: admin
(This is the default Username and
Password of Pepwave MAX. The Admin
and Read-only User Password can be
changed at System > Admin Security
of the Web Admin Interface.)
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4. After successful login, the Dashboard of Web Admin Interface will be displayed. It looks similar
to the following:
Dashboard shows the current WAN, LAN, Wi-Fi AP settings and statuses. You can simply change
priority of WAN connections and switch on / off Wi-Fi AP in here. For further information about how-to set
up these connections, please refer to Section 7.2 and 8.
A map with real-time GPS data is shown on the Dashboard when GPS signal is received. (HD2 only)
Device Information shows the details about the device, including Model name, Firmware version and
Uptime. For further information please refer to Section 19.
Important Note
Configuration changes (e.g. WAN, LAN, Admin settings, etc.) will only take effect after clicking the Save button at
the bottom of each page. The Apply Changes button causes the changes to be saved and applied.
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7 Configuration of LAN Interface(s)
7.1 Basic Settings
The LAN Interface settings are located in Network > LAN > Basic Settings
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IP Settings
IP Address &
Subnet Mask
The IP address of Pepwave MAX on LAN.
Speed
This setting specifies the speed of the LAN Ethernet Port.
By default, Auto is selected and the appropriate data speed is automatically detected by
Pepwave MAX.
In the event of negotiation issues, the port speed can be manually specified to circumvent
the issues. You can also choose whether or not to advertise the speed to the peer by
selecting the Advertise Speed checkbox.
DHCP Server Settings
DHCP Server
When this setting is enabled, the DHCP server of Pepwave MAX automatically assigns an
IP address to each computer that is connected via LAN and is configured to obtain an IP
address via DHCP.
Pepwave MAX’s DHCP server can prevent IP address collision on LAN.
IP Range &
Subnet Mask
This setting allocates a range of IP address that will be assigned to LAN computers by the
DHCP server of Pepwave MAX.
Lease Time
This setting specifies the length of time throughout which an IP address of a DHCP client
remains valid. Upon expiration of the Lease Time, the assigned IP address will no longer
be valid and the renewal of the IP address assignment will be required.
DNS Servers
This option allows you to input the DNS server addresses to be offered to the DHCP
clients. If Assign DNS server automatically is selected, the Pepwave MAX’s built-in
DNS server address (i.e. LAN IP address) will be offered.
WINS Server
This option allows you to specify the Windows Internet Name Service (WINS) server. You
may choose to use the built-in WINS server or external WINS servers.
When this unit is SpeedFusionTM connected, other VPN peers can share this unit's built-in
WINS server by entering this unit's LAN IP address in their DHCP WINS Servers
setting. Therefore, all PC clients in the VPN can resolve the NetBIOS names of other
clients in remote peers.
If you have enabled this option, a list of WINS clients will be displayed at Status > WINS
Clients.
Extended DHCP
Option
In addition to standard DHCP options (e.g. DNS server address, gateway address, subnet
mask), you can specify the value of additional Extended DHCP Options defined in RFC
2132. In this case, you can pass additional configuration information to LAN hosts.
To define an Extended DHCP Option, click the Add button, choose the option that you
want to define and enter its value. For values that are in IP address list format, you can
enter one IP address per line in the provided text area input control. Each option is allowed
to be defined once only.
DHCP
Reservation
This setting reserves the assignment of fixed IP addresses for a list of computers on the
LAN. The computers to be assigned fixed IP addresses on the LAN are identified by their
MAC addresses.
The fixed IP address assignment is displayed as a cross-reference list between the
computers’ Name, MAC addresses and fixed IP addresses.
The field Name (an optional field) is for you to define a name to represent the device.
MAC addresses should be in the format of 00:AA:BB:CC:DD:EE
Press to create a new record. Press to remove a record
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Reserved clients information can be imported from the Client List, located at Status >
Client List. For more details, please refer to section 19.3.
Static Route Settings
Static Route
This table is for defining static routing rules for the LAN segment. A static route consists of
the network address, subnet mask, and gateway address. The address and subnet mask
values are in the format of w.x.y.z
The local LAN subnet and subnets behind the LAN will be advertised to the VPN. Remote
routes sent over the VPN will also be accepted. Any VPN member will be able to route to
the local subnets.
Press to create a new route. Press to remove a route.
WINS Server Settings
Enable
Check the box to enable the WINS Server. A list of WINS clients will be displayed at
Status > WINS Clients.
DNS Proxy Settings
Enable
A check box to enable to DNS Proxy feature.
Network > LAN > DNS Proxy Settings table
A DNS proxy server can be enabled to serve DNS requests originating from LAN/PPTP/
SpeedFusionTM peers. Requests are forwarded to the DNS servers/resolvers defined in
each WAN connection
DNS Caching
This field is to enable DNS caching on the built-in DNS proxy server. When the option is
enabled, queried DNS replies will be cached until the records’ TTL has been reached.
This feature can help improve the DNS lookup time. However, it cannot return the most
updated result for those frequently updated DNS records.
By default, it is disabled.
Include Google
Public DNS
Servers
When this option is enabled, the DNS proxy server will also forward DNS requests to
Google's Public DNS Servers in addition to the DNS servers defined in each WAN. This
could increase the DNS service's availability.
Default: disabled
Local DNS
Records
This table is for defining custom local DNS records.
A static local DNS record consists of a Host Name and an IP Address. When looking up
the Host Name from the LAN to LAN IP of Pepwave MAX, the corresponding IP Address
will be returned.
Press to create a new record. Press to remove a record.
LAN DNS Resolver Settings
Enable
Check the box to enable the WINS Server. A list of WINS clients will be displayed at
Network > LAN > DNS Proxy Settings > DNS Resolvers.
This field specifies which DNS resolvers will receive forwarded DNS requests. If no
WAN/VPN/LAN DNS resolver is selected, all of the WAN’s DNS resolvers will be selected.
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If a SpeedFusionTM peer is selected, you may enter the VPN peer’s DNS resolver IP
address(es).
Queries will be forwarded to the selected connections’ resolvers. If all of the selected
connections are down, queries will be forwarded to all resolvers on healthy WAN
connections.
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7.2 Wi-Fi AP
The Wi-Fi LAN settings can be configured in Network > LAN > Wi-Fi AP:
Wi-Fi AP can also be switched on / off on the Dashboard.
Click Add button to create a new SSID.
Wireless Network Settings
Network Name
(SSID)
This setting allows you to specify a name to represent the virtual AP to be scanned by Wi-
Fi clients.
Enable
When Yes is selected, this virtual AP is enabled. Select No to disable it.
By default, it is enabled.
You can also choose to enable or disable this virtual AP on the Dashboard - Connection
Status of Wi-Fi AP, please refer to section 6 for information.
Broadcast SSID
When the box Enable is checked, this SSID can be scanned by Wi-Fi clients.
By default, it is enabled.
Multicast Filter
When the box Enable is checked, multicast network traffic to the wireless SSID will be
filtered.
By default, it is disabled.
Multicast Rate
This field allows you to specify the transmit rate to be used for sending multicast network
traffic.
By default, Multicast Rate is set to1M.
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Wireless Security Settings
Security Policy
This setting specifies which security policy will be used for this wireless network.
Available options:
Open (No Encryption)
WPA/WPA2 – Personal
WPA/WPA2 – Enterprise
802.1X
Static WEP
Access Control Settings
Restriction Mode
This option allows you to perform access control through MAC address filtering.
Available options are None, Deny all except listed, and Accept all except listed.
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8 Configuration of WAN Interface(s)
The WAN Interface settings are located at: Network > WAN
To reorder different WANs’ priority, just drag on the appropriate WAN by holding the left mouse button,
move it to the desired priority (the first one would be the highest priority, the second one would be lower
priority and so on) and drop it by releasing the mouse button.
To disable a particular WAN connection, just drag on the appropriate WAN by holding the left mouse
button, move it the Disabled row and drop it by releasing the mouse button.
You can also do the above priority setting on the Dashboard, please refer to Section 6 for information.
Click the Details button in the corresponding row of connection to modify the connection setting.
Important Note
Connection Details will be changed and become effective right after clicking the Save and Apply button.
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8.1 Ethernet WAN
Network > WAN > Click on WAN Details
This will open a screen similar to shown below
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Ethernet WAN Settings
WAN
Connection
Name
This field is for defining a name to represent this WAN connection.
Connection
Method
There are three possible connection methods for Ethernet WAN:
DHCP
Static IP
PPPoE
The connection method and details are determined by, and can be obtained from, the ISP.
See the Sections 8.1.1, 8.1.2, and 8.1.3 for details of each connection method.
Standby State
This setting specifies the state of the WAN connection. The available options are Remain
connected and Disconnect.
The default state is Remain Connected.
Upstream
Bandwidth
This setting specifies the data bandwidth in the outbound direction from the LAN through the
WAN interface.
Downstream
Bandwidth
This setting specifies the data bandwidth in the inbound direction from the WAN interface to
the LAN.
This value is referenced as the default weight value when using the algorithm Least Used, or
the algorithm Persistence (Auto) in Outbound Policy with Managed by Custom Rules
chosen (see Section 12.2).
Health Check
Method
This setting specifies the health check method for the WAN connection. The value of method
can be configured as Disabled, Ping or DNS Lookup.
The default method is Disabled.
See Section 8.4 for configuration details.
Dynamic DNS
This setting specifies the dynamic DNS service provider to be used for the WAN based on
supported dynamic DNS service providers:
changeip.com
dyndns.org
no-ip.org
tzo.com
DNS-O-Matic
Select Disabled to disable this feature.
See Section 8.1.4 for configuration details.
Bandwidth
Allowance
Monitor
This option allows you to enable bandwidth usage monitoring on this WAN connection for each
billing cycle. When this is not enabled, bandwidth usage of each month is still being tracked
but no action will be taken.
See Section 8.5 for configuration details.
Port Speed
This setting specifies port speed and duplex configurations of the WAN Port.
By default, Auto is selected and the appropriate data speed is automatically detected by
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Pepwave MAX.
In the event of negotiation issues, the port speed can be manually specified to circumvent the
issues. You can also choose whether or not to advertise the speed to the peer by selecting the
Advertise Speed checkbox.
MTU
This setting specifies the Maximum Transmission Unit.
By default, MTU is set to Custom 1440.
You may adjust the MTU value by editing the text field. Click Default to restore the default
MTU value. Select Auto and the appropriate MTU value will be automatically detected. The
auto-detection will run each time when the WAN connection establishes.
MSS
This setting should be configured based on the maximum payload size that the local system
can handle. The MSS (Maximum Segment Size) is computed from the MTU minus 40 bytes for
TCP over IPv4.
If MTU is set to Auto, the MSS will also be set automatically.
By default, MSS is set to Auto.
MAC Address
Clone
This setting allows you to configure the MAC address.
Some service providers (e.g. cable providers) identify the client’s MAC address and require the
client to always use the same MAC address to connect to the network. In such cases, change
the WAN interface’s MAC address to the original client PC’s one via this field.
The default MAC Address is a unique value assigned at the factory. In most cases, the default
value is sufficient. Clicking the Default button restores the MAC Address to the default value.
Reply to ICMP
PING
If this field is disabled, the WAN connection will not respond to ICMP PING requests.
By default, this is enabled.
Additional
Public IP
Address
The IP Address List represents the list of fixed Internet IP addresses assigned by the ISP, in
the event that more than one Internet IP addresses are assigned to this WAN connection.
Enter the fixed Internet IP addresses and the corresponding subnet mask, and then click the
Down Arrow button to populate IP address entries to the IP Address List.
IPv6
IPv6
IPv6 support can be enabled on one of the available Ethernet WAN ports. On this screen, you
can choose which WAN will support IPv6.
To enable IPv6 support on a WAN, the WAN router must respond to Stateless Address Auto
configuration advertisements and DHCPv6 requests. IPv6 clients on the LAN will acquire their
IPv6, gateway, and DNS server addresses from it. The device will also acquire an IPv6
address for performing ping/traceroute checks and accepting web admin accesses.
Note: This feature is only available on Pepwave MAX 700 and HD2.
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8.1.1 DHCP Connection
The DHCP connection method is suitable if the ISP provides an IP address automatically by DHCP (e.g.
Satellite Modem, WiMAX Modem, Cable, Metro Ethernet, etc.).
There are three possible connection methods:
1. DHCP
2. Static IP
3. PPPoE
DHCP Settings
Routing Mode
This is to substitute the real address in a packet with a mapped address that is
routable on the destination network
IP Address/
Subnet Mask/
Default Gateway
This information is obtained from the ISP automatically.
DNS Servers
Each ISP may provide a set of DNS servers for DNS lookups. This setting specifies the
DNS (Domain Name System) Servers to be used when a DNS lookup is routed
through this connection.
Selecting Obtain DNS server address automatically results in the DNS Servers to
be assigned by the WAN DHCP Server to be used for outbound DNS lookups over the
connection. (The DNS Servers are obtained along with the WAN IP address assigned
from the DHCP server.)
When Use the following DNS server address(es) is selected, you may enter custom
DNS server addresses for this WAN connection into the DNS Server 1 and DNS
Server 2 fields.
Hostname
(Optional)
If your service provider's DHCP server requires you to supply a hostname value upon
acquiring an IP address, you may enter the value here. If your service provider does
not provide you with the value, you can safely bypass this option.
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8.1.2 Static IP Connection
This Static IP connection method is suitable if ISP provides a static IP address to connect directly.
Static IP Settings
Routing Mode
This is to substitute the real address in a packet with a mapped address that is
routable on the destination network
IP Address /
Subnet Mask /
Default Gateway
These settings allow you to specify the information required in order to
communicate on the Internet via a fixed Internet IP address.
The information is typically determined by and can be obtained from the ISP.
DNS Servers
Each ISP may provide a set of DNS servers for DNS lookups. This field specifies
the DNS (Domain Name System) Servers to be used when a DNS lookup is
routed through this connection.
You can input the ISP provided DNS server addresses into the DNS Server 1
and DNS Server 2 fields. If no address is entered here, this link will not be used
for DNS lookups.
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8.1.3 PPPoE Connection
This connection method is suitable if ISP provides login ID/ password to connect via PPPoE.
PPPoE Settings
Routing Mode
This is to substitute the real address in a packet with a mapped address that is
routable on the destination network
IP Address / Subnet
Mask / Default
Gateway
This information is obtained from the ISP automatically.
PPPoE User Name /
Password
Enter the required information in these fields in order to connect via PPPoE to the ISP.
The parameter values are determined by and can be obtained from the ISP.
Confirm PPPoE
Password
Verify your password by entering it again in this field.
Service Name
Service Name is provided by the ISP.
Note: Leave this field blank unless it is provided by your ISP.
DNS Servers
Each ISP may provide a set of DNS servers for DNS lookups. This setting specifies
the DNS (Domain Name System) Servers to be used when a DNS lookup is routed
through this connection.
Selecting Obtain DNS server address automatically results in the DNS Servers
assigned by the PPPoE server to be used for outbound DNS lookups over the WAN
connection. (The DNS Servers are obtained along with the WAN IP address assigned
from the PPPoE server.)
When Use the following DNS server address(es) is selected, you can put custom
DNS server addresses for this WAN connection into the DNS Server 1 and DNS
Server 2 fields.
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8.1.4 Dynamic DNS Settings
Pepwave MAX provides the functionality to register the domain name relationships to dynamic DNS
service providers. Through registration with dynamic DNS service provider(s), the default public Internet
IP address of each WAN connection can be associated with a host name. With Dynamic DNS service
enabled for a WAN connection, you can connect to your WAN's IP address from the external even if its IP
address is dynamic. You have to register for an account from the listed dynamic DNS service providers
before enabling this option.
If the WAN connection's IP address is a reserved private IP address (i.e. behind a NAT router), the Public
IP of each WAN will be automatically reported to the DNS service provider.
Either upon a change in IP addresses or every 23 days without link reconnection, Pepwave MAX will
connect to the dynamic DNS service provider to perform an IP address update within the provider’s
records.
The settings for dynamic DNS service provider(s) and the association of host name(s) are configured via
Network > WAN > Click on WAN Detail
Either upon a change in IP address or every 23 days without link reconnection, Pepwave MAX will
connect to the dynamic DNS service provider to perform an IP address update within the provider’s
records.
Dynamic DNS Settings
Dynamic DNS
This setting specifies the dynamic DNS service provider to be used for the WAN based
on supported dynamic DNS service providers:
changeip.com
dyndns.org
no-ip.org
tzo.com
DNS-O-Matic
Select Disabled to disable this feature.
Account Name /
Email Address
This setting specifies the registered user name for the dynamic DNS service.
Password / TZO Key
This setting specifies the password for the dynamic DNS service.
Hosts / Domain
This field allows you to specify a list of host names or domains to be associated with
the public Internet IP address of the WAN connection.
If you need to enter more than one host, you can use a carriage return to separate
them.
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Important Note
In order to use dynamic DNS services, appropriate host name registration(s) as well as a valid account with a
supported dynamic DNS service provider are required.
A dynamic DNS update is performed whenever a WAN’s IP address changes. E.g. IP is changed after a DHCP IP
refresh, reconnection, etc.
Due to dynamic DNS service providers’ policy; a dynamic DNS host will automatically expire if the host record has
not been updated for a long time. Therefore Pepwave MAX performs an update every 23 days even if a WAN’s IP
address has not changed.
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8.2 Cellular 1 / Cellular 2
Network > WAN > Click on Detail
(Available on Pepwave MAX HD2 only)
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Cellular 1 / Cellular 2
SIM Card IMSI
This is the International Mobile Subscriber Identity which uniquely identifies the SIM card.
This is applicable to 3G modems only.
MEID HEX
The Pepwave MAX supports both HSPA and EV-DO.
For Sprint or Verizon Wireless EV-DO users, a unique MEID identifier code (in
hexadecimal format) is used by the carrier to associate the EV-DO device with the user.
MEID DEC
This is the equivalent of the MEID HEX but in decimal format.
ESN
This serves the same purpose as MEID HEX but uses an older format.
IMEI
This is the unique ID for identifying the modem in GSM/HSPA mode.
Network Mode
Users have to specify the Network they are on accordingly.
WAN Connection
Name
This field is for defining a name to represent this WAN connection.
Standby State
This option allows you to choose whether to remain the connection connected or
disconnected when this WAN connection is no longer in the highest priority and has
entered the standby state. When Remain connected is chosen, upon bringing up this
WAN connection to active, it will be immediately available for use.
Idle Disconnect
When Internet traffic is not detected within the user specified timeframe, the modem will
automatically disconnect. Once the traffic is resumed by the LAN host, the connection will
be re-activated,
Operator Settings
This setting applies to 3G / EDGE / GPRS modem only. It does not apply to EVDO /
EVDO Rev. A modem.
This allows you to configure the APN settings of your connection. If Auto is selected, the
mobile operator should be detected automatically. The connected device will be
configured and connection will be made automatically afterwards. If there is any difficulty
in making connection, you may select Custom to enter your carrier’s APN, Login,
Password, and Dial Number settings manually. The correct values can be obtained from
your carrier.
The default and recommended Operator Settings is Auto.
APN / Login /
Password /
SIM PIN
When Auto is selected, the information in these fields will be filled automatically.
Select the option Custom and you may customize these parameters. The parameters
values are determined by and can be obtained from the ISP.
Heath
Checking
Settings
This setting allows you to specify the health check method for the Cellular connection.
The as available options are Disabled and DNS Lookup.
The default method is DNS Lookup. See Section 8.4 for configuration details.
Bandwidth
Allowance
Monitor
This option allows you to enable bandwidth usage monitoring on this WAN connection
for each billing cycle. When this is not enabled, bandwidth usage of each month is still
being tracked but no action will be taken.
See Section 8.5 for configuration details.
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8.3 Wi-Fi WAN
Network > WAN > Click on Wi-Fi WAN
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Wi-Fi WAN Settings
WAN Connection
Name
This field is for defining a name to represent this WAN connection.
Standby State
This setting specifies the state of the WAN connection while in standby. The available
options are Remain Connected (hot standby) and Disconnect (cold standby).
Health Check
Method
This setting allows you to specify the health check method for the WAN connection.
The available options are Disabled, Ping, and DNS Lookup.
The default method is Disabled.
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See Section 8.4 for configuration details.
Dynamic DNS
This setting specifies the dynamic DNS service provider to be used for the WAN based
on supported dynamic DNS service providers:
changeip.com
dyndns.org
no-ip.org
tzo.com
DNS-O-Matic
Select Disabled to disable this feature.
Bandwidth
Allowance
Monitor
This option allows you to enable bandwidth usage monitoring on this WAN connection
for each billing cycle. When this is not enabled, bandwidth usage of each month is still
being tracked but no action will be taken.
See Section 8.5 for configuration details.
MTU
This setting specifies the Maximum Transmission Unit.
By default, MTU is set to Custom 1440.
You may adjust the MTU value by editing the text field. Click Default to restore the
default MTU value. Select Auto and the appropriate MTU value will be automatically
detected. The auto-detection will run each time when the WAN connection establishes
Connect to Any
Open Mode AP
This option is to specify whether the Wi-Fi WAN will connect to any open mode access
point it finds. By default, this is disabled.
Reply to ICMP
PING
If this field is disabled, the WAN connection will not respond to ICMP PING requests.
By default, this is enabled.
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8.3.1 Create Wi-Fi Connection Profile
You can manually create a profile to connect to a Wi-Fi connection. It is useful for creating a profile for
connecting to hidden-SSID access points. Click on the link Create Profile… and the following window will
be displayed.
Network > WAN > Click on Detail
Click on Create Profile….
This will open a window similar to the shown below
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Create Wi-Fi Connection Profile Settings
Network Name
(SSID)
This field is for defining a name to represent this Wi-Fi connection.
Security
This option allows you to select which security policy is used for this wireless network.
Available options:
Open
WEP
WPA/WPA2 – Personal
WPA/WPA2 – Enterprise
The settings to be displayed under this row will vary depending on the selected security
policy.
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8.4 WAN Health Check
To ensure traffic is routed to healthy WAN connections only, Pepwave MAX provides the functionality to
periodically check the health of each WAN connection.
The Health Check settings for each WAN connection can be independently configured via Network >
WAN > Details:
Enable the Health Check Settings by drop down to PING, DNS Lookup and HTTP
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Health Check Settings
Method
This setting specifies the health check method for the WAN connection. The value of
Method can be configured as Disabled, Ping or DNS Lookup. The default method is DNS
Lookup.
For Mobile Internet connection, the value of Method can be configured as Disabled or
SmartCheck.
Health Check Disabled
When Disabled is chosen in the Method field, the WAN connection will always be considered as up. The connection
will not be treated as down in the event of IP routing errors.
Health Check Method: PING
The ICMP PING packets will be issued to test the connectivity with a configurable target IP address or host name. A
WAN connection is considered as up if PING responses are received from either one or both of the PING Hosts.
PING Hosts
This setting specifies IP addresses or host names with which connectivity is to be tested via
ICMP Ping.
If Use first two DNS servers as Ping Hosts is checked, the target PING Host will be the
first DNS server for the corresponding WAN connection.
Reliable PING hosts with a high uptime should be considered.
By default, the first two DNS servers of the WAN connection are used as the PING Hosts.
Health Check Method: DNS Lookup
DNS lookups will be issued to test the connectivity with target DNS servers. The connection will be treated as up if
DNS responses are received from either one or both of the servers, regardless of whether the result was positive or
negative.
Health Check DNS
Servers
This field allows you to specify two DNS hosts’ IP address with which connectivity is to be
tested via DNS Lookup.
If Use first two DNS servers as Health Check DNS Servers is checked, the first two DNS
servers will be the DNS lookup targets for checking a connection's health. If the box is not
checked, field Host 1 must be filled and field Host 2 is optional.
If the box Include public DNS servers is selected and no response is received from all
specified DNS servers, DNS lookups will also be issued to some public DNS servers. A
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WAN connection will be treated as down only if there is also no response received from the
public DNS servers.
Connections will be considered up if DNS responses are received from any one of the
health check DNS servers, regardless of a positive or negative result.
By default, the first two DNS servers of the WAN connection are used as the Health Check
DNS Servers.
Health Check Method: HTTP
URL 1
HTTP connections will be issued to test the connectivity with configurable URLs and strings
to match.
WAN Settings > WAN Edit > Health Check Settings > URL 1
The URL will be retrieved when performing an HTTP health check. When String to Match is
left blank, a health check will pass if the HTTP return code is between 200 and 299 (Note:
HTTP redirection codes 301 or 302 are treated as failures). When String to Match is filled, a
health check will pass if the HTTP return code is between 200 and 299 and if the HTTP
response content contains the string
URL 2
WAN Settings > WAN Edit > Health Check Settings > URL 2
If URL 2 is also provided, a health check will pass if either one of the tests passed.
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Other Health Check Settings
Timeout
This setting specifies the timeout, in seconds, for ping/DNS lookup requests. Default
Timeout is set to 5 second.
Health Check
Interval
This setting specifies the time interval, in seconds, between ping or DNS lookup requests.
Default Health Check Interval is 5 seconds.
Health Check
Retries
This setting specifies the number of consecutive ping/DNS lookup timeouts after which
Pepwave MAX is to treat the corresponding WAN connection as down. Default Health
Retries is set to 3.
For example, with the default Health Retries setting of 3, after consecutive 3 timeouts, the
corresponding WAN connection will be treated as down.
Recovery Retries
This setting specifies the number of consecutive successful ping/DNS lookup responses
that must be received before Pepwave MAX treats a previously down WAN connection to
be up again.
By default, Recover Times is set to 3. For example, a WAN connection that is treated as
down will be considered to be up again upon receiving 3 consecutive successful ping/DNS
lookup responses.
Automatic Public DNS Server Check on DNS Test Failure
In case the health check method is set to DNS Lookup and checks failed, the MAX will automatically perform DNS
lookups on some public DNS servers. If the tests are success, it means the WAN may not be down but rather the
target DNS server became malfunctioned. You will see the following warning message on the Main page.
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8.5 Bandwidth Allowance Monitor
Bandwidth Allowance Monitor helps keep track of your network usage.
Enable Bandwidth Allowance Monitor
Bandwidth Allowance Monitor
Action
If the feature Email Notification is enabled, you will be notified through email when
usage hits 75% and 95% of the monthly allowance.
If the box Disconnect when usage hits 100% of monthly allowance is checked, this
WAN connection will be disconnected automatically when the usage hits the monthly
allowance. It will not resume connection unless this option has been turned off or the
usage has been reset when a new billing cycle starts.
Start Day
This option allows you to define which day in the month each billing cycle begins.
Monthly
Allowance
This field is for defining the maximum bandwidth usage allowed for the WAN
connection each month.
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9 Wi-Fi Settings
Wi-Fi settings can be configured at Advanced > Wi-Fi Settings
Wi-Fi AP Radio Settings
Protocol
This option allows you to specify whether 802.11b and/or 802.11g client association
requests will be accepted. Available options are 802.11b/g, 802.11b Only, and
802.11g Only.
By default, 802.11b/g is selected.
Operating Country
This option set the country whose regulations the Pepwave MAX follows.
Channel
This option allows you to select which 802.11 RF channel will be utilized.
Channel 1 (2.412 GHz) is selected by default.
Channel Width
Options Auto (20/40 MHz) and 20 MHz are available. Default is Auto (20/40 MHz),
which allows both widths to be used simultaneously.
Bit Rate
This option allows you to select a specific bit rate for data transfer over the device’s Wi-
Fi network. By default, Auto is selected.
Output Power
This option is for specifying the transmission output power for the Wi-Fi AP.
There are 4 relative power levels available – Max, High, Mid and Low. The actual
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output power will be bound by the regulatory limits of the selected country. By default,
23 dBm (200 mW) or 20 dBm (100 mW) (depending on which operating country you
have chosen in the previous section) is selected.
Important Note
Per FCC regulation, the country selection is not available on all models marketed in US. All US models
are fixed to US channel only.
Wi-Fi WAN Radio Settings
Channel Width
Options Auto (20/40 MHz) and 20 MHz are available. Default is Auto (20/40 MHz),
which allows both widths to be used simultaneously.
Bit Rate
This option allows you to select a specific bit rate for data transfer over the device’s Wi-
Fi network. By default, Auto is selected.
Output Power
This option is for specifying the transmission output power for the Wi-Fi AP.
There are 4 relative power levels available – Max, High, Mid and Low. The actual
output power will be bound by the regulatory limits of the selected country. By default,
23 dBm (200 mW) or 20 dBm (100 mW) (depending on which operating country you
have chosen in the previous section) is selected.
Wi-Fi AP Advanced Settings
STP
This option allows you to enable the Spanning Tree Protocol to prevent path
redundancy. By default, it is disabled.
See Section Error! Reference source not found. for details.
Layer 2
Communication
This option allows you to choose whether clients on the network should be able to
communicate with each other directly.
If the checkbox Enable is selected, clients are allowed to communicate with each other
directly, and traffic will not be passed to any uplink equipment.
If this option is disabled, clients are not allowed to communicate directly. Traffic will be
passed to uplink equipment/uplink routers before communication can be established
among clients.
By default, it is enabled.
802.1X Version
This option allows you to select between V1 or V2 of the 802.1X EAPOL.
When V1 is selected, both V1 and V2 clients are allowed to associate with this Wi-Fi
AP.
When V2 is selected, only V2 clients can associate with this Wi-Fi AP.
Most wireless clients support V2. Select the option V1 in case if there are stations that
do not support V2.
By default, V2 is selected.
Beacon Rate
This option is for setting the transmit bit rate for sending a beacon.
By default, 1Mbps is selected.
Beacon Interval
This option is for setting the time interval between each beacon.
By default, 100ms is selected.
DTIM
This field allows you to set the frequency for the beacon to include Delivery Traffic
Indication Message. The interval is measured in millisecond.
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The default value is set to 1 ms.
Slot Time
This field is for specifying the unit wait time before it transmits a packet.
By default, this field is set to 9 µs.
ACK Timeout
This field is for setting the wait time to receive an acknowledgement packet before
performing a retransmission.
By default, this field is set to 48 µs.
Channel Bonding
There are 3 selections available in this setting.
The first is 20 where the channel bonding is off and the channel width is 20 MHz.
If 20/40 is selected, the AP will automatically choose the channel widths between 20
and 40 MHz.
If 40 is chosen, channel bonding will be enforced and, the channel width will just be 40
MHz.
Frame Aggregation
This option allows you to enable frame aggregation to increase transmission
throughput.
Guard Interval
This is where you opt for a short or long guard period interval for your transmissions.
STP Settings
Bridge Priority
This parameter is set to give the likeliness for root switch election.
By default, it is set to 32768.
Ethernet Path Cost
This parameter specifies the preference to provide the best path from the switch to the
root switch.
By default, it is set to 100.
Important Note
Per FCC regulation, the country selection is not available on all models marketed in US. All US models
are fixed to US channel only.
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10 Bandwidth Bonding SpeedFusionTM
Pepwave Bandwidth Bonding SpeedFusionTM functionality securely connects your MAX indifferent branch
to another Pepwave MAX or Peplink device (only Peplink Balance 210/310/380/580/710/1350 are
available for this function). The data, voice, or video communications between these locations are kept
confidential across the public Internet.
The Bandwidth Bonding SpeedFusionTM of the Pepwave MAX is specifically designed for multi-WAN
environment. The Pepwave MAX can aggregate all WAN connections’ bandwidth for routing
SpeedFusionTM traffic. Unless all the WAN connections of one site are down, the Pepwave MAX can still
maintain VPN up and running.
VPN Bandwidth Bonding is supported in firmware 5.1 or above. All available bandwidth will be utilized to
establish the VPN tunnel, and all traffic will be load balanced at packet level across all links. VPN
Bandwidth Bonding is enabled by default.
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10.1 SpeedFusionTM
Pepwave MAX supports making two SpeedFusionTM connections with a remote Pepwave MAX unit or a
Peplink Balance 210/310/380/580/710/1350.
The local LAN subnet and subnets behind the LAN (defined under Static Route in the LAN settings page)
will be advertised to the VPN. All VPN members (branch offices and headquarters) will be able to route to
the local subnets.
Note that all LAN subnet and subnets behind it have to be unique. Otherwise, VPN members will not be
able to access each other.
All data can be routed over the VPN with 256-bit AES encryption standard.
To configure, navigate to Advanced > SpeedFusionTM, click the New Profile button
to create a new VPN profile.
Once you click on New Profile button this will open a window
Click on OK
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A list of defined VPN Connection profiles and Link Failure Detection Time option will be shown.
Click the New Profile button to create a new VPN connection profile for making VPN connection to a
remote Peplink Balance/Pepwave MAX via the available WAN connections. Each profile is for making
VPN connection with one remote Peplink Balance/Pepwave MAX.
You can check the status of the connection from:
Status > SpeedFusionTM
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VPN Settings
Active
Check this box to enable the VPN.
Encryption
By default, VPN traffic is encrypted with 256-bit AES standard. If the option Off is selected
on both sides of a VPN connection, no encryption will be applied.
Remote ID
Pepwave MAX establishes VPN connection with a remote peer that has a serial number or
a remote ID here.
Pre-shared Key
This is an optional field which defines the pre-shared key used for this particular VPN
connection. The VPN connection's session key will be further protected by the factor of the
pre-shared key. The connection will be up only if the pre-shared keys on each side match.
When the remote peer is running firmware 5.0 or 5.1, this setting will be ignored.
Remote IP
Addresses / Host
Names
Enter the remote peer’s WAN IP address(es) or host name(s) here. Dynamic-DNS host
names are accepted.
This field is optional. With this field filled, the Pepwave MAX will initiate connection to each
of the remote IP addresses until success. If the field is empty, the Pepwave MAX will wait
for connection from the remote peer. Therefore, at least one side of the two VPN peers has
to have the field filled. Otherwise, VPN connection cannot be established.
Enter one IP address or host name per line.
Data Port
If Default is selected, VPN data will go through UDP port 4500.
Select Custom and enter a port number if a specific outgoing port is desired.
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Layer 2 Bridging
When this check box is unchecked, traffic between local and remote networks will be IP
forwarded.
To bridge the Ethernet network of an Ethernet port on a local and remote network, select
this check box. When this check box is selected, the two networks will become a single
LAN, and any broadcast (e.g., ARP requests) or multicast traffic (e.g., Bonjour) will be sent
over the VPN.
The L2 bridging feature is hidden from the user interface by default. To enable this feature,
user has to click the hidden link at the upper right corner of the SpeedFusionTM Profile table.
Bridge port
This field specifies the port to be bridged to the remote site.
If you choose WAN X (internal: replace the X by the WAN port number) that WAN will be
disabled for WAN purposes. Instead, the WAN port will be dedicated to bridging with the
remote site. The LAN port will remain unchanged.
VLAN Tagging
This field specifies the VLAN ID with which the VPN's traffic should be tagged before
sending the traffic to the bridge port. If no VLAN tagging is needed, select No VLAN. To
define a new VLAN ID, click New... and input the VLAN ID. VLAN IDs that are not
referenced by any VPN profiles will be removed from the list automatically. Default: No
VLAN
STP
Checking this box enables Spanning Tree Protocol.
Default: Unchecked.
Preserve LAN
Settings Upon
Connected
The LAN port is chosen as the bridge port. Selecting this option preserves LAN settings
(e.g., LAN port IP address, DHCP server, etc.) when the Layer 2 VPN is connected.
Uncheck this option if the LAN IP address and gateway will use remote LAN settings.
Check this option if the LAN IP address and local DHCP server should remain unchanged
after the VPN is up.
If you choose not to preserve LAN settings when the VPN is connected, the device will not
act as a router, and most Layer 3 routing functions will cease to work.
WAN Connection Priority
WAN Connection
Priority
You can specify the priority of the WAN connections to be used for making VPN
connections. WAN connections set to OFF will never be used. Only available WAN
connections with the highest priority will be utilized.
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10.2 Link Failure Detection
Link Failure Detection
Link Failure
Detection Time
The bonded SpeedFusionTM can detect routing failures on the path between two sites
over each WAN connection. Failed WAN connections will not be used to route VPN
traffic. Health check packets are sent to the remote unit to detect any failure. The more
frequent checks it sends, the shorter detection time, but the higher bandwidth overhead
will be consumed.
When Recommended is selected, a health check packet is sent out every 5 seconds, and
the expected detection time is 15 seconds.
When Fast is selected, a health check packet is sent out every 3 seconds, and the
expected detection time is 6 seconds.
When Faster is selected, a health check packet is sent out every 1 second, and the
expected detection time is 2 seconds.
When Extreme is selected, a health check packet is sent out every 0.1 second, and the
expected detection time is under 1 second.
By default, Recommended is selected.
Important Note
Pepwave proprietary SpeedFusionTM used TCP port 32015 and UDP port 4500 for establishing VPN
connections. If you have a firewall in front of the devices, you will need to add firewall rules for these port and
protocols which will allow inbound and outbound traffic pass-through the firewall.
Tip
Want to know more about VPN Sub-Second Session Failover? Visit our YouTube Channel for a video tutorial!
http://youtu.be/TLQgdpPSY88
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10.3 Pepwave MAX Behind NAT Router
The Pepwave MAX supports establishing SpeedFusionTM over WAN connections which are behind a NAT
(Network Address Translation) router.
To be able for a WAN connection behind a NAT router to accept VPN connections, you can configure the
NAT router in front of the WAN connection to forward TCP port 32015 to it.
If one or more WAN connections on Unit A can accept VPN connections (by means of port forwarding or
not) while none of the WAN connections on the peer Unit B can do so, you should put all public IP
addresses or host names of the Unit A to the Unit B’s Remote IP Addresses / Host Names field. Leave
the field in Unit A blank. With such setting, SpeedFusionTM connection can be set up and all WAN
connections on both sides will be utilized.
For example, see the following diagram:
One of the WANs of Router A is non-NAT’d (212.1.1.1). The rest of the WANs on Router A and all WANs
on Router B are NAT’d. In such case, the Remote IP Addresses / Host Names field in Router B should
be filled with all of the Router A’s host names or public IP addresses (i.e. 212.1.1.1, 212.2.2.2 and
212.3.3.3), and the field in Router A can be left blank. The two NAT routers on WAN1 and WAN3 of
Router A should inbound port forward TCP port 32015 to the Router A so that all WANs would be utilized
to establish VPN.
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10.4 SpeedFusionTM Status
VPN Status is shown in the Status > SpeedFusionTM. The connection status of each connection profile is
shown as below:
By clicking the Details button at the top-right hand corner of SpeedFusionTM table, you will be forwarded
to Status > SpeedFusionTM. You can view the subnet and WAN connection information of each VPN
peer. Please refer to Section 19.5 for details.
IP subnets must be unique among VPN peers
The entire inter-connected SpeedFusionTM network is one single non-NAT IP network. No two subnets in two sites
shall be duplicated. Otherwise, connectivity problems will be experienced in accessing those subnets.
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11 IPsec VPN
Pepwave MAX IPsec VPN functionality securely connects one or more branch offices to your company's
main headquarters or to other branches. The data, voice, or video communications between these
locations are thus kept safe and confidential across the public Internet.
The IPsec VPN of the Pepwave MAX is especially designed for a multi-WAN environment. For instance, a
user sets up multiple IPsec profiles for his multi- WAN1 ~ WAN3 environment, if WAN1 is connected and
its health check turns up good, the IPsec traffic will go through this link. However, should unforeseen
problems (e.g. physically unplugged or ISP problems) arise and cause WAN1 to go down, our IPsec
implementation will make use of WAN2 and WAN3 accordingly, as failover purposes.
11.1 IPsec VPN Settings
All of our Pepwave products can make multiple IPsec VPN connections with Peplink, Pepwave as well as
Cisco or Juniper Routers.
Note that all LAN subnet and subnets behind it have to be unique. Otherwise, VPN members will not be
able to access each other.
All data can be routed over the VPN with a selection of encryption standards such as 3DES, AES-128
and AES-256.
To configure, navigate to Advanced > IPsec VPN:
A NAT-Traversal option and list of defined IPsec VPN profiles will be shown.
The NAT-Traversal option should be enabled if your system is behind a NAT router.
Click the New Connection button to create new IPsec VPN profiles that make
VPN connections to remote Peplink Balance, Pepwave MAX, Cisco or Juniper Routers via the available
WAN connections. To edit any of the profiles, click on its associated connection name in the leftmost
column.
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IPsec VPN Settings
Name
This field is for specifying a local name to represent this connection profile.
Active
When this box is checked, this IPsec VPN connection profile will be enabled. Otherwise, it
will be disabled.
Remote Gateway
IP Address
Enter the remote peer’s public IP address. For Aggressive Mode, this is optional..
Local Networks
Enter the local LAN subnets here. If you have defined “static routes”, they will be shown
here too.
Remote Networks
Enter the LAN and subnets that are located at the remote site here.
Main Mode
Choose this Main Mode if both IPsec peers use static IP addresses.
Aggressive Mode
Choose this Aggressive Mode if one of the IPsec peers use dynamic IP addresses.
Force UDP
Encapsulation
For UDP encapsulation to be forced regardless of the NAT-Traversal, tick this checkbox.
Pre-shared Key
This defines the peer authentication pre-shared key to be used to authenticate this VPN
connection. The connection will be up only if the pre-shared keys on each side match.
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Local ID
Under Main Mode, this field can be left blank.
Under Aggressive Mode, if Remote Gateway IP Address field is filled on this end and the
peer end, this field can be left blank. Otherwise, this field is typically a U-FQDN.
Remote ID
Under Main Mode, this field can be left blank.
Under Aggressive Mode, if Remote Gateway IP Address field is filled on this end and the
peer end, this field can be left blank. Otherwise, this field is typically a U-FQDN.
Phase 1 (IKE)
Proposal
Under Main Mode, this allows the setting of up to 6 encryption standards, in descending
order of priority, to be used in the initial connection key negotiations.
For Aggressive Mode, only one selection is permitted.
Phase 1 DH Group
This is the Diffie-Hellman group used within IKE. This allows two parties to establish a
shared secret over an insecure communications channel. The larger the group number, the
higher the security.
Group 2 - 1024-bit is the default value.
Group 5 - 1536-bit is the alternative option.
Phase 1 SA
Lifetime
This setting specifies the lifetime limit of this Phase 1 Security Association. By default, it is
set at 3600 seconds.
Phase 2 (ESP)
Proposal
Under Main Mode, this allows the setting of up to 6 encryption standards, in descending
order of priority, to be used for the IP data that is being transferred.
For Aggressive Mode, only one selection is permitted.
Phase 2 PFS
Group
The Perfect Forward Secrecy (PFS) ensures that if a key was compromised, the attacker
will be able to access only the data protected by that key but not any other data.
None - Do not request for PFS when initiating connection. However, since there is no valid
reason to refuse PFS, the system will allow the connection to use PFS if requested by the
remote peer. This is the default value.
Group 2 - 1024-bit Diffie-Hellman group. The larger the group number, the higher the
security.
Group 5 - 1536-bit is the third option.
Phase 2 SA
Lifetime
This setting specifies the lifetime limit of this Phase 2 Security Association. By default, it is
set at 28800 seconds.
WAN Connection Priority
WAN Connection Select the appropriate WAN connection with the help of drop down
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11.2 IPsec Status
IPsec Status shows the current connection status of each connection profile and is displayed in Status >
IPsec.
12 Management of Outbound Traffic to WAN
Pepwave MAX provides the functionality to flexibly manage and load balance outbound traffic among the
WAN connections.
Important Note
Outbound Policy is applied only when more than one WAN connection is active.
The settings for managing and load balancing outbound traffic are located in
Advanced > Outbound Policy:
Network > Outbound Policy > Click on
12.1 Outbound Policy
There are three main selections for the Outbound Policy for Pepwave MAX:
High Application Compatibility
Normal Application Compatibility
Custom
The selections are explained as follows:
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Outbound Policy Settings
High Application
Compatibility
With the selection of this policy, outbound traffic from a source LAN device is routed
through the same WAN connection regardless of the destination Internet IP address and
protocol.
This provides the highest application compatibility.
Normal
Application
Compatibility
With the selection of this policy, outbound traffic from a source LAN device to the same
destination Internet IP address will persistently be routed through the same WAN
connection regardless of protocol.
This provides high compatibility to most applications, and users still benefit from WAN link
load balancing when multiple Internet servers are accessed.
Custom
With the selection of this policy, outbound traffic behavior can be managed by defining
custom rules.
Rules can be defined in a custom rule table. A default rule can be defined for connections
that cannot be matched with any one of the rules.
The default policy is Normal Application Compatibility.
Tip
Want to know more about how-to create outbound rules? Visit our YouTube Channel for a video tutorial!
http://youtu.be/rKH4AS_bQnE
12.2 Custom Rules For Outbound Policy
Click in the Outbound Policy form. Choose Managed by Custom Rules and press the Save button.
The following screen will then be displayed.
The bottom-most rule is Default. Edit this rule to change the device’s default way to control outbound
traffic for all connections that does not match any rules above it. Click on the service name Default to
change its settings.
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You may drag and drop a row to rearrange the priority of outbound rules.
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By default, Auto is selected for the option Default Rule. You can select Custom in order to change the
Algorithm to be used. Please refer to the upcoming sections for the details of the available algorithms.
To create a custom rule, click Add Rule at the bottom of the table, and the
following window will be displayed:
If Domain Name is chosen and a domain name, such as foobar.com, is entered, any outgoing accesses
to foobar.com and *.foobar.com will match this criterion. You may enter a wildcard (.*) at the end of a
domain name to match any host with a name having the domain name in the middle. If you enter
foobar.*, for example, then www.foobar.com, www.foobar.co.jp, or foobar.co.uk will also match.
Placing wildcards in any other position is not supported.
NOTE: If a server has one Internet IP address and multiple server names, and if one of the names is
defined here, then accesses to any one of the server names will also match this rule.
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New Custom Rule Settings
Service Name
This setting specifies the name of the custom rule.
Enable
This setting specifies whether the outbound traffic rule takes effect.
With an Enable value of Yes, the rule takes effect: traffic is matched, and actions are
taken, by Pepwave MAX based on the other parameters of the rule.
With an Enable value of No, the rule does not take effect Pepwave MAX disregards the
other parameters of the rule.
Source
This setting specifies the source IP Address, IP Network or MAC Address for outbound
traffic that matches the rule.
Destination
This setting specifies the destination IP Address or IP Network or Domain Name for traffic
that matches the rule.
Domain Name
If Domain Name is chosen and a domain name, such as foobar.com, is entered, any
outgoing accesses to foobar.com and *.foobar.com will match this criterion. You may
enter a wildcard (.*) at the end of a domain name to match any host with a name having
the domain name in the middle. If you enter .*, for example, then www.foobar.com,
www.foobar.co.jp, or foobar.co.uk will also match. Placing wildcards in any other position
is not supported.
NOTE: if a server has one Internet IP address and multiple server names, and if one of the
names is defined here, then accesses to any one of the server names will also match this
rule.
Protocol and Port
This setting specifies the IP Protocol and Port of outbound traffic that matches this rule.
You may select some common protocol from the Protocol Selection Tool drop-down
menu.
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Algorithm
This setting specifies the behavior of Pepwave MAX for the custom rule.
One of the following values can be selected:
Weighted Balance
Persistence
Enforced
Priority
Overflow
Least Used
Lowest Latency
The upcoming sections present the details of the listed algorithms.
Terminate
Sessions on Link
Recovery
This setting specifies whether to terminate existing IP sessions on a less preferred WAN
connection in the event that a more preferred WAN connection is recovered. This setting
is applicable to the Algorithms: Weighted, Persistence and Priority.
By default, this is disabled. In this case, all existing IP sessions will not be terminated or
affected when any other WAN connection is recovered. If it is set to enabled, existing IP
sessions may be terminated when another WAN connection is recovered such that only
the preferred healthy WAN connection(s) are used at any point in time.
12.2.1 Algorithm: Weighted Balance
This setting specifies the ratio of WAN connection usage to be applied on the specified IP Protocol & Port,
and is applicable only when Algorithm is set to Weighted Balance.
The amount of matching traffic that is distributed to a WAN connection is proportional to the weight of the
WAN connection relative to the total weight. Use the sliders to change the weight for each WAN.
Example: With the following weight settings:
Ethernet WAN1: 10
Ethernet WAN2: 10
Wi-Fi WAN: 10
Cellular 1: 10
Cellular 2: 10
USB: 10
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Total weight is 60 = (10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10)
Matching traffic distributed to Ethernet WAN1 is 16.7% = (10 / 60 x 100%
Matching traffic distributed to Ethernet WAN2 is 16.7% = (10 / 60) x 100%
Matching traffic distributed to Wi-Fi WAN is 16.7% = (10 / 60) x 100%
Matching traffic distributed to Cellular 1 is 16.7% = (10 / 60) x 100%
Matching traffic distributed to Cellular 2 is 16.7% = (10 / 60) x 100%
Matching traffic distributed to USB is 16.7% = (10 / 60) x 100%
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12.2.2 Algorithm: Persistence
The configuration of using Persistence for algorithm is the solution to the few situations where link load
distribution for Internet services is undesirable.
For example, many e-banking and other secure websites, for security reasons, terminate the session
when the client computer’s Internet IP address changes during the session.
In general, different Internet IP addresses represent different computers. The security concern is that an
IP address change during a session may be the result of an unauthorized intrusion attempt. Therefore, to
prevent damages from the potential intrusion, the session is terminated upon the detection of an IP
address change.
Pepwave MAX can be configured to distribute data traffic across multiple WAN connections. Also, the
Internet IP depends on the WAN connections over which communication actually takes place. As a result,
a LAN client computer behind Pepwave MAX may communicate using multiple Internet IP addresses.
For example, a LAN client computer behind a Pepwave MAX with three WAN connections may
communicate on the Internet using three different IP addresses.
With the algorithm Persistence of Pepwave MAX, rules can be configured to enable client computers to
persistently utilize the same WAN connections for e-banking and other secure websites. As a result, a
client computer will communicate with the other end using one IP address and eliminate the issues.
There are two modes for Persistence: By Source and By Destination.
By Source
The same WAN connection will be used for traffic matching the rule and originating
from the same machine regardless of its destination. This option will provide the
highest level of application compatibility.
By Destination
The same WAN connection will be used for traffic matching the rule, originating
from the same machine, and going to the same destination. This option can better
distribute load to WAN connections when there are only a few client machines.
The default mode is By Source.
When there are multiple client requests, they can be distributed (persistently) to WAN connections with a
weight. If you choose Auto for Load Distribution, the weights will be automatically adjusted according to
each WAN’s Downstream Bandwidth which is specified in the WAN settings page (see Section 8
Configuration of WAN Interface(s)). If you choose Custom, you can customize the weight of each WAN
manually by using the sliders.
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12.2.3 Algorithm: Enforced
This setting specifies the WAN connection usage to be applied on the specified IP Protocol & Port, and is
applicable only when the Algorithm is set to Enforced.
Matching traffic will be routed through the specified WAN connection regardless of the connection’s
health check status.
Starting from firmware 5.2, outbound traffic can be enforced to go through a specified SpeedFusionTM
connection.
12.2.4 Algorithm: Priority
This setting specifies the priority of the WAN connections to be utilized to route the specified network
service. The highest priority WAN connection available will always be used for routing the specified type
of traffic. A lower priority WAN connection will be used only when all higher priority connections have
become unavailable.
Starting from firmware 5.2, outbound traffic can be prioritized to go through SpeedFusionTM connection(s).
By default, VPN connections are not included in the priority list.
Tip
Configure multiple distribution rules to accommodate different kinds of services.
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12.2.5 Algorithm: Overflow
The traffic matching this rule will be routed through the healthy WAN connection that has the highest
priority and is not in full load. When this connection gets saturated, new sessions will be routed to the
next healthy WAN connection that is not in full load.
Drag and drop to specify the order of WAN connections to be used for routing traffic. Only the highest
priority healthy connection that is not in full load will be utilized.
12.2.6 Algorithm: Least Used
The traffic matching this rule will be routed through the healthy WAN connection that is selected in the
field Connection and has the most available downstream bandwidth. The available downstream
bandwidth of a WAN connection is calculated from the total downstream bandwidth specified in the WAN
settings page and the current downstream usage. The available bandwidth and WAN selection is
determined every time when an IP session is made.
12.2.7 Algorithm: Lowest Latency
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The traffic matching this rule will be routed through the healthy WAN connection that is selected in the
field Connection and has the lowest latency. Latency checking packets are issued periodically to a nearby
router of each WAN connection to determine its latency value. The latency of a WAN is the packet round
trip time of the WAN connection. Additional network usage may be incurred as a result.
Tip
The round trip time of a “6M down / 640k up” link can be higher than that of a “2M down / 2M up” link. It is because
the overall round trip time is lengthened by its lower upstream bandwidth despite of its higher downlink speed.
Therefore this algorithm is good for two scenarios:
- All WAN connections are symmetric; or
- A latency sensitive application requires to be routed through the lowest latency WAN regardless the
WAN’s available bandwidth.
12.2.8 Expert Mode
Expert Mode is also available for advance users. Click the help test balloon and click the link turn on
Expert Mode to switch on the feature.
Under Expert Mode, a special rule - "SpeedFusionTM Routes" is displayed on the Custom Rules table. It
represents all SpeedFusionTM routes learned from remote VPN peers. By default, this bar is on the top of
all custom rules. That means traffic for remote VPN subnets will be routed to its corresponding VPN
peer. You can create custom Priority or Enforced rules and move them above the bar to override the
SpeedFusionTM Routes.
Upon disabling the Expert Mode, all rules above the bar will be deleted.
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13 Port Forwarding
13.1 Port Forwarding Service
Pepwave MAX can act as a firewall that blocks, by default, all inbound access from the Internet. By using
Port Forwarding, Internet users can access the servers behind Pepwave MAX.
Inbound Port Forwarding rules can be defined at Advanced > Port Forwarding:
To define a new service, click the Add Service button, upon which the following appears:
Port Forwarding Settings
Enable
This setting specifies whether the inbound service rule takes effect.
When Yes is selected, the inbound service rule takes effect. If the inbound traffic matches
the specified IP Protocol and Port, action will be taken by Pepwave MAX based on the
other parameters of the rule.
When No is selected, the inbound service rule does not take effect. Pepwave MAX will
disregard the other parameters of the rule.
Service Name
This setting identifies the service to the System Administrator.
Valid values for this setting consist only of alphanumeric and the underscore “_”
characters.
IP Protocol
The IP Protocol setting, along with the Port setting, specifies the protocol of the service as
TCP, UDP, ICMP or IP.
Traffic that is received by Pepwave MAX via the specified protocol at the specified port(s)
is forwarded to the LAN hosts specified by the Servers setting.
(Please see below for details on the Port and Servers settings.)
Alternatively, the Protocol Selection Tool drop-down menu can be used to automatically
fill in the Protocol and a single Port number of common Internet services (e.g. HTTP,
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HTTPS, etc.).
After selecting an item from the Protocol Selection Tool drop-down menu, the Protocol and
Port number remains manually modifiable.
Port
The Port setting specifies the port(s) that correspond to the service, and can be configured
to behave in one of the following manners:
Any Port, Single Port, Port Range and Port Map
Any Port: All traffic that is received by Pepwave MAX via the specified protocol is
forwarded to the servers specified by the Servers setting.
For example, with IP Protocol set to TCP, and Port set to Any Port, all TCP traffic is
forwarded to the configured servers.
Single Port: Traffic that is received by Pepwave MAX via the specified protocol at the
specified port is forwarded via the same port to the servers specified by the Servers
setting.
For example, with IP Protocol set to TCP, and Port set to Single Port and Service Port
80, TCP traffic received on Port 80 is forwarded to the configured servers via Port 80.
Port Range: Traffic that is received by Pepwave MAX via the specified protocol at the
specified port range is forwarded via the same respective ports to the LAN hosts specified
by the Servers setting.
For example, with IP Protocol set to TCP, and Port set to Single Port and Service Port
80-88, TCP traffic received on ports 80 through 88 is forwarded to the configured servers
via the respective ports.
Port Mapping: Traffic that is received by Pepwave MAX via the specified protocol at the
specified port is forwarded via a different port to the servers specified by the Servers
setting.
For example, with IP Protocol set to TCP, and Port set to Port Map, Service Port 80, and
Map to Port 88, TCP traffic on Port 80 is forwarded to the configured servers via Port 88.
(Please see below for details on the Servers setting.)
Range Mapping: traffic that is received by Pepwave MAX via the specified protocol at the
specified port range is forwarded via a different port to the servers specified by the
Servers setting.
Inbound IP
Address(es)
This setting specifies the WAN connections and Internet IP address(es) from which the
service can be accessed.
It is required to select at least one IP address.
Server IP
Address
This setting specifies the LAN IP address of the server that handles the requests for the
service.
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13.2 UPnP / NAT-PMP Settings
UPnP and NAT-PMP are network protocols which allow a computer on the LAN to automatically configure
the router to allow parties on the WAN to connect to itself. In this way, the process of inbound port
forwarding is automated.
When a computer creates a rule using these protocols, the specified TCP/UDP port of all WAN
connections' default IP address will be forwarded.
Check the corresponding box(es) to enable UPnP and/or NAT-PMP. Enable these features only if you
trust the computers on the LAN.
A table listing all the forwarded ports under these two protocols can be found at Status > UPnP / NAT-
PMP.
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14 NAT Mappings
The configuration of NAT Mappings allows the IP address mapping of all inbound and outbound NAT’d
traffic to and from an internal client IP address.
The settings to configure NAT Mappings are located at Advanced > NAT Mappings:
To add a rule for NAT Mappings, click Add NAT Rule , upon which the
following screen will be displayed:
Click Save to save the settings when configuration has been completed.
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NAT Mapping Settings
LAN Client(s)
NAT Mapping rules can be defined for a single LAN IP Address, an IP Range, or an IP
Network.
Address
This refers to the LAN host’s private IP address. The system maps this address to a number
of public IP addresses, specified below, in order to facilitate inbound and outbound traffic.
This option is only available when IP Address is selected.
Range
The IP range is a contiguous group of private IP addresses used by the LAN host. The system
maps these addresses to a number of public IP addresses, specified below, to facilitate
outbound traffic.
This option is only available when IP Range is selected.
Network
The IP network refers to all private IP addresses and ranges managed by the LAN host. The
system maps these addresses to a number of public IP addresses, specified below, to
facilitate outbound traffic.
This option is only available when IP Network is selected.
Inbound
Mappings
This setting specifies the WAN connections and corresponding WAN-specific Internet IP
addresses on which the system should bind on. Any access to the specified WAN
connection(s) and IP address(es) will be forwarded to the LAN Host.
This option is only available when IP Address is selected in LAN Client(s) field.
Note 1: Inbound Mapping is not needed for WAN connections in drop-in or IP forwarding
mode.
Note 2: Each WAN IP address can be associated to one NAT Mapping only.
Outbound
Mappings
This setting specifies the WAN IP addresses should be used when an IP connection is made
from a LAN host to the Internet.
Each LAN host in an IP range or IP network will be evenly mapped to one of each selected
WAN's IP addresses (for better IP address utilization) in a persistent manner (for better
application compatibility).
Note 1: If you do not want to use a specific WAN for outgoing accesses, you should still
choose default here, then customize the outbound access rule in the Outbound Policy section.
Note 2: WAN connections in drop-in or IP forwarding mode are not shown here.
Important Note
Inbound firewall rules override the Inbound Mapping settings.
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15 QoS
15.1 User Groups
LAN and PPTP clients can be categorized into three user groups - Manager, Staff, and Guest. This table
allows you to define rules and assign client IP addresses or subnets to a user group. You can apply
different bandwidth and traffic prioritization policies on each user group in the Bandwidth
Control and Application sections.
The table is automatically sorted, and the table order signifies the rules' precedence. The smaller and
more specific subnets are put towards the top of the table and have higher precedence; larger and less
specific subnets are placed towards the bottom.
Click the Add button to define clients and their user group. Click the button to remove
the defined rule.
Two default rules are pre-defined and put at the bottommost. They are All DHCP reservation
clients and Everyone, and they cannot be removed. All DHCP reservation clients represents the LAN
clients defined in the DHCP Reservation table in the LAN settings page. Everyone represents all clients
that are not defined in any rule above. Click on a rule to change its group.
Add / Edit User Group
Subnet / IP Address
From the drop-down menu, choose whether you are going to define the client(s) by
an IP Address or a Subnet.
If IP Address is selected, enter a name defined in DHCP Reservation table or a LAN
client's IP address. If Subnet is selected, enter a subnet address and specify its subnet
mask.
Group
This field is to define which User Group the specified Subnet / IP Address belongs to.
Once users have been assigned to a user group, their Internet traffic will be restricted by rules defined for
that particular group. Please refer to the following two sections for details.
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15.2 Bandwidth Control
You can define a maximum download speed (over all WAN connections) and upload speed (for each
WAN connection) that each individual Staff and Guest member can consume. No limit can be imposed on
individual Manager members.
By default, Download and Upload Bandwidth Limits are set to unlimited (set as 0).
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15.3 Application
15.3.1 Application Prioritization
You can choose whether to apply the same Prioritization settings to all user groups or customize the
settings for each group.
Three priority levels can be set for application prioritization: ↑High, ━ Normal, and↓Low.
Four types of applications are predefined. Their priority for each user group can be selected from their
corresponding drop down menu. Traffic types not defined in the table is assigned with normal priority.
15.3.2 Prioritization for Custom Application
Click the Add button to define a custom application. Click the button in the Action column to
delete the custom application in the corresponding row.
Application Prioritization
PPTP and IPsec VPN
When enabled, any PPTP and IPsec traffic will be prioritized.
SIP/Vonage
When enabled, any SIP and Vonage voice traffic will be prioritized.
Skype, Google Talk,
Real Video, and
Windows Streaming
Media
When enabled, voice and video traffic of Skype, Google Talk, Real Video and
Windows Streaming Media will be prioritized.
Secure Web (HTTPS)
When enabled, HTTPS (TCP port 443) traffic will be prioritized.
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15.3.3 DSL/Cable Optimization
DSL/cable-based WAN connection has its upload bandwidth lower than the download bandwidth. When
this option is enabled, the download bandwidth of the WAN can be fully utilized in any situation.
When a DSL/cable circuit's uplink is congested, the download bandwidth will be affected. Users will not
be able to download data in full speed until the uplink becomes less congested. The DSL/Cable
Optimization can relieve such issue. When it is enabled, the download speed will become less affected by
the upload traffic.
By default, this feature is enabled.
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16 Firewall
A firewall is a mechanism that selectively filters data traffic between the WAN side (the Internet) and the
LAN side of the network. It can protect the local network from potential hacker attacks, offensive Web
sites, and/or other inappropriate uses.
The firewall functionality of Pepwave MAX supports the selective filtering of data traffic in both directions:
Outbound (LAN to WAN)
Inbound (WAN to LAN)
Intrusion Detection and DoS Prevention
With SpeedFusionTM enabled (see Section 10), the firewall rules also apply to VPN tunneled traffic.
16.1 Outbound and Inbound Firewall
16.1.1 Access Rules
The outbound firewall settings are located at: Advanced > Firewall > Outbound Firewall Rule.
Upon clicking Add Rule , the following screen appears:
The Inbound firewall settings are located at: Advanced > Firewall > Inbound Firewall Rule.
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Once you click on Add Rule the following window will appear.
Rules are matched from top to the bottom. If a connection matches any one of the upper rules, the
matching process will stop. If none of the rules is matching, the Default rule will be applied.
By default, the Default rule is set as Allow for both outbound and inbound accesses.
Inbound / Outbound Firewall Settings
Rule Name
This setting specifies a name for the firewall rule.
Enable
This setting specifies whether the firewall rule should take effect.
When Yes is selected, the firewall rule takes effect. If the traffic matches the specified
Protocol/IP/Port, actions will be taken by Pepwave MAX based on the other
parameters of the rule.
When No is selected, the firewall rule does not take effect. Pepwave MAX will
disregard the other parameters of the rule.
WAN Connection
This setting is applicable to Inbound Firewall Rules only.
This setting specifies which WAN connection(s) the rule applies to:
WAN 1
WAN 2
Wi-Fi WAN
Cellular 1
Cellular 2
USB
A value of WAN 1, WAN 2, Wi-Fi WAN, Cellular 1, Cellular 2, … and USB specifies that
the rule applies to all WAN connections, Ethernet WAN, PC Card, … and Wi-Fi WAN,
respectively.
Protocol
This setting specifies the protocol to be matched by the rule.
Via a drop-down menu, the following protocols can be specified:
TCP
UDP
ICMP
IP
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Alternatively, the Protocol Selection Tool drop-down menu can be used to automatically
fill in the Protocol and Port number of common Internet services (e.g. HTTP, HTTPS, etc.)
After selecting an item from the Protocol Selection Tool drop-down menu, the Protocol and
Port number remains manually modifiable.
Source IP & Port
This specifies the source IP address(es) and port number(s) to be matched for a firewall
rule.
A single address, or a network, can be specified as the Source IP & Port setting, as
indicated with the following screenshots:
In addition, a single port, or a range of ports, can be specified for the Source IP & Port
setting.
Destination IP &
Port
This specifies the destination IP address(es) and port number(s) to be matched for a
firewall rule.
A single address, or a network, can be specified as the Source IP & Port setting, as
indicated with the following screenshots:
In addition, a single port, or a range of ports, can be specified for the Source IP & Port
setting.
Action
This setting specifies the action to be taken by Pepwave MAX upon encountering traffic
that matches the both of the following:
Source IP & Port
Destination IP & Port
With the value of Allow for the Action setting, the matching traffic passes through
Pepwave MAX (to be routed to the destination).
If the value of the Action setting is set to Deny, the matching traffic does not pass
through Pepwave MAX (and is discarded).
Event Logging
This setting specifies whether or not to log matched firewall events.
The logged messages are shown on the page Status >Event Log.
A sample message is as follows:
Aug 13 23:47:44 Denied CONN=Ethernet WAN SRC=20.3.2.1
DST=192.168.1.20 LEN=48 PROTO=TCP SPT=2260 DPT=80
CONN: The connection where the log entry refers to
SRC: Source IP address
DST: Destination IP address
LEN: Packet length
PROTO: Protocol
SPT: Source port
DPT: Destination port
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Tip
If the default inbound rule is set as Allow for NAT enabled WANs, no inbound Allow firewall rules will be required
for inbound Port Forwarding and inbound NAT Mapping rules. However, if the default inbound rule is set as Deny,
a corresponding Allow firewall rules will be required.
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16.2 Intrusion Detection and DoS Prevention
The Pepwave MAX supports detecting and preventing intrusions and Denial-of-Service (DoS) attacks
from the Internet. To turn on this feature, click , check the box Enable for the Intrusion Detection
and DoS Prevention and press the Save button.
When this feature is enabled, the Pepwave MAX will detect and protect the network from the following
kinds of intrusions and denial-of-service attacks.
Port Scan:
o NMAP FIN/URG/PSH
o Xmas Tree
o Another Xmas Tree
o Null Scan
o SYN/RST
o SYN/FIN
SYN Flood Prevention
Ping Flood Attack Prevention
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17 Miscellaneous Settings
The miscellaneous settings include configuration for PPTP Server, Service Forwarding, and Service
Passthrough.
17.1 PPTP Server
Pepwave MAX has a built-in PPTP Server, which enables remote computers to conveniently and securely
access the local network.
PPTP server setting is located at Advanced > Misc. Settings > PPTP Server.
Simply check the box to enable the PPTP server function. All connected PPTP sessions are displayed on
the Client List at Status > Client List. Please refer to section 19.3 for details.
PPTP Server Setting
Listen On
This setting is for specifying the WAN connection(s) and IP address(es) where the PPTP
server should listen on.
User Accounts
This setting allows you to define the PPTP User Accounts. Click Add to input username
and password to create an account. After adding the user accounts, you can click on a
username to edit the account password. Click the button to delete the account in its
corresponding row.
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17.2 Service Forwarding
Service Forwarding settings are located at Advanced > Misc. Settings > Service Forwarding:
Service Forwarding
SMTP Forwarding
When this option is enabled, all outgoing SMTP connections destined for any host at
TCP port 25 will be intercepted. These connections will be redirected to a specified
SMTP server and port number. SMTP server settings for each WAN can be specified
after selecting Enable.
Web Proxy Forwarding
When this option is enabled, all outgoing connections destined for the proxy server
specified in Web Proxy Interception Settings will be intercepted. These connections
will be redirected to a specified web proxy server and port number. Web Proxy
Interception Settings and proxy server settings for each WAN can be specified after
selecting Enable.
DNS Forwarding
When this option is enabled, all outgoing DNS lookups will be intercepted and
redirected to the built-in DNS name server.
If any LAN device is using DNS name servers of a WAN connection, you may want to
enable this option to enhance the DNS availability without modifying the DNS server
setting of the clients. The built-in DNS name server will distribute DNS lookups to
corresponding DNS servers of all available WAN connections. In this case, DNS
service will not be interrupted even if any WAN connection is down.
17.2.1 SMTP Forwarding
Some ISPs require their users to send e-mails via the ISP’s SMTP server. All outgoing SMTP connections
are blocked except those connecting to the ISP’s. The Pepwave MAX supports intercepting and
redirecting all outgoing SMTP connections (destined for TCP port 25) via a WAN connection to the WAN’s
corresponding SMTP server.
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To enable the feature, select the Enable check box under SMTP Forwarding Setup. Check the box
Enable Forwarding? For the WAN connection(s) that needs such forwarding. Enter the ISP’s e-mail
server address and TCP port number for each WAN.
The Pepwave MAX will intercept SMTP connections, choose a WAN with reference to the Outbound
Policy, and then forward the connection to the forwarded SMTP server if the chosen WAN has enabled
forwarding. If the forwarding is disabled for a WAN connection, SMTP connections for the WAN will be
simply forwarded to the connection’s original destination.
Note
If you want to route all SMTP connections only to particular WAN connection(s), you should create a rule in
Outbound Policy (see section 12.2).
17.2.2 Web Proxy Forwarding
When this feature is enabled, the Pepwave MAX will intercept all outgoing connections destined for the
proxy server specified in Web Proxy Interception Settings, choose a WAN connection with reference to
the Outbound Policy, and then forward them to the specified web proxy server and port number.
Redirected server settings for each WAN can be set here. If forwarding is disabled for a WAN, web proxy
connections for the WAN will be simply forwarded to the connection’s original destination.
17.2.3 DNS Forwarding
When DNS Forwarding is enabled, all clients’ outgoing DNS requests will also be intercepted and
forwarded to the built-in DNS proxy server.
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17.3 Service Passthrough
Service Passthrough settings can be found in Advanced > Misc. Settings > Service Passthrough:
Some Internet services required to be specially handled in a multi-WAN environment. The Pepwave MAX
supports handling such services correctly such that Internet applications do not notice it is behind a multi-
WAN router. Settings for Service Passthrough Support are available here.
Service Passthrough Support
SIP
Session Initiation Protocol, aka SIP, is a voice-over-IP protocol. Pepwave MAX can act as a
SIP Application Layer Gateway (ALG) which binds connections for the same SIP session to the
same WAN connection and translate IP address in the SIP packets correctly in NAT mode.
Such passthrough support is always enabled and there are two modes for selection: Standard
Mode and Compatibility Mode.
If your SIP server’s signal port number is non-standard, you can check the box Define custom
signal ports and input the port numbers to the text boxes.
H.323
With this option enabled, protocols that provide audio-visual communication sessions will be
defined on any packet network and passthrough the device.
FTP
FTP sessions consist of two TCP connections; one for control and one for data. In multi-WAN
situation, they have to be binded to the same WAN connection. Otherwise, problems will arise
in transferring files. By default, the Pepwave MAX monitors TCP control connections on port
21 for any FTP connections and binds TCP connections of the same FTP session to the same
WAN.
If you have an FTP server listening on a port number other than 21, you can check the box
Define custom control ports and enter the port numbers to the text boxes.
TFTP
The Pepwave MAX monitors outgoing TFTP connections and routes any incoming TFTP data
packets back to the client. Select Enable if you want to enable the TFTP Passthrough support.
IPsec NAT-T
This field is for enabling the support of IPsec NAT-T Passthrough. UDP ports 500, 4500 and
10000 are monitored by default.
You may add more custom data ports that your IPsec system uses by checking the box Define
custom ports. If the VPN contains IPsec Site-to-Site VPN traffic, you have to check the
box Route IPsec Site-to-Site VPN and choose the WAN connection to route the traffic to.
If you have IPsec SpeedFusionTM traffic routed, check the Route IPsec SpeedFusionTM
option and select a WAN to force routing such traffic to the specified WAN.
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18 System Settings
18.1 Admin Security
There are two user accounts available for accessing the Web Admin. Usernames are admin and user.
They represent two user levels - admin has full administration access, while user is a read-only account.
The read-only account can only access the device's status information and cannot make any change on
the device.
A web login session will be logged out automatically when it has been idle longer than the Web Session
Timeout. Before the session expires, you may click the Logout button in the Web Admin to exit the
session
0 hours 0 minutes signifies an unlimited session time. This setting should be used only in special
situations, as it will lower the system security level if users do not logout before closing the browser.
Default: 4 hours 0 minutes.
For security reason, after logging in to the Web Admin Interface for the first time, it is recommended to
change the administrator password.
Configuring the administration interface to be accessible only from the LAN can further improve system
security.
Administrative Settings configuration is located at System > Admin Security:
Admin Account UI
User Account UI
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Admin Settings
Router Name
This field allows you to define a name for this Pepwave MAX unit.
By default, Router Name is set as MAX_XXXX, where XXXX refers to the last 4
digits of the serial number of the device.
Admin User Name
It is set as admin by default and is not customizable.
Admin Password
This field allows you to specify a new administrator password.
Confirm Admin
Password
This field allows you to verify and confirm the new administrator password.
Read-only User
Name
It is set as user by default and is not customizable.
User Password
This field allows you to specify a new user password. Once the user password is
set, the feature of read-only user will be enabled.
Confirm User
Password
This field allows you to verify and confirm the new user password.
Web Session
Timeout
This field specifies the number of hours and minutes that a web session can remain
idle before the device terminates its access to Web Admin Interface.
By default, it is set as 4 hours.
Authentication by
RADIUS
With this box is checked, Web Admin will authenticate using an external RADIUS
server.
Authenticated users are treated as "admin" users with full read-write permission.
Local "admin" and "user" accounts will be disabled. When the device is not able to
communicate with the external RADIUS server, local accounts will be enabled again
for emergency access.
Authentication options will be available once this box is checked.
Auth Protocol
This specifies the authentication protocol used. Available options are MS-CHAP v2
and PAP.
Auth Server
This specifies the access address of the external RADIUS server.
Auth Server Secret
This is the secret for accessing the RADIUS server.
Auth Timeout
This option specifies the time value for authentication timeout.
Accounting Server
This specifies the access address of the external Accounting server.
Accounting Server
Secret
This is the secret for accessing the Accounting server.
Network Connection
This option is for specifying the network connection which will be used for
authentication connection. Users can choose from LAN, WAN and VPN
connections.
Security
This option is for specifying the protocol(s) through which the Web Admin Interface
can be accessible:
HTTP
HTTPS
HTTP/HTTPS
Web Admin Port
These fields are for specifying the port number at which the Web Admin Interface
can be accessible.
Web Admin Access
This option is for specifying the network interfaces through which the Web Admin
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Interface can be accessible:
LAN only
LAN/WAN
If LAN/WAN is chosen, a WAN Connection Access Settings form will be
displayed.
WAN Connection Access Settings
Allowed Source
IP Subnets
This field allows you to restrict web admin access only from defined IP subnets.
Any - Allow web admin accesses to be from anywhere, without IP address
restriction.
Allow access from the following IP subnets only - Restrict web admin access
only from the defined IP subnets. When this is chosen, a text input area will be
displayed beneath:
The allowed IP subnet addresses should be entered into this text area. Each IP subnet
must be in form of w.x.y.z/m
Where w.x.y.z is an IP address (e.g. 192.168.0.0), and m is the subnet mask in CIDR
format, which is between 0 and 32 inclusively. For example: 192.168.0.0/24
To define multiple subnets, separate each IP subnet one in a line. For example:
192.168.0.0/24
10.8.0.0/16
Allowed WAN IP
Address(es)
This is to choose which WAN IP address(es) the web server should listen on.
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18.2 Firmware Upgrade
The firmware of Pepwave MAX is upgradeable through Web Admin Interface.
Firmware upgrade functionality is located at System > Firmware:
There are two ways to upgrade the unit. The first method is online firmware upgrade. The system can
Check, Download and Upgrade over the Internet. The second method is to upload a firmware file
manually.
Click on the Check again button to use online upgrade. With online upgrade, Pepwave MAX checks
online for new firmware. If a new firmware is available, the Pepwave MAX will automatically download the
firmware. The upgrade process will subsequently be automatically initiated.
You may also download a firmware image from the Pepwave web site and update the unit manually. Click
Browse to select the firmware file from the local computer, and then click Manual Upgrade to send the
firmware to Pepwave MAX. Pepwave MAX will then automatically initiate the firmware upgrade process.
Please note that all Pepwave devices are equipped to be able to store two different firmware versions in
two different partitions. A firmware upgrade preformed will always replace the inactive partition. If you
want to keep the inactive firmware, you can simply reboot your device with the inactive firmware and then
perform the firmware upgrade.
Important Note
The firmware upgrade process may not necessarily preserve the previous configuration, and the behavior varies
on a case-by-case basis. Consult the Release Notes for the particular firmware version.
Do not disconnect the power during firmware upgrade process.
Do not attempt to upload a non-firmware file, or a firmware file that is not qualified, or not supported, by Pepwave.
Upgrading a Pepwave MAX with an invalid firmware file will damage the unit, and may void the warranty.
Important Note
If the firmware is rolled back from 5.x to 4.x, the configurations will be lost.
18.3 Time
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The Time Server functionality enables the system clock of Pepwave MAX to be synchronized with a
specified Time Server.
The settings for Time Server configuration are located at System > Time:
Time Server Settings
Time Zone
This specifies the time zone (along with the corresponding Daylight Savings Time
scheme) in which Pepwave MAX operates.
The Time Zone value affects the time stamps in the Event Log of Pepwave MAX and E-
mail notifications.
Checked the box Show all to show all available time zone options.
Time Server
This setting specifies the NTP network time server to be utilized by Pepwave MAX.
18.4 Email Notification
The Email Notification functionality of Pepwave MAX provides a System Administrator with up-to-date
information on network status.
The settings for configuring Email Notification are found at System > Email Notification:
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Email Notification Settings
Email Notification
This option is for enabling Email Notification.
If the box Enable is checked, Pepwave MAX sends email messages to a System
Administrator when the WAN status changes, or when new firmware is available.
If the box Enable is not checked, Email Notification is disabled and Pepwave MAX will not
send email messages.
SMTP Server
This field is for specifying the SMTP server to be used for sending email. If the server
requires authentication, check the box Require authentication.
SSL Encryption
Check the box to enable SMTPS. When the box is checked, the next field SMTP Port will
be changed to 465 automatically.
SMTP Port
This field is for specifying the SMTP Port number.
By default, this is set to 25; when the SSL Encryption box is checked, the default port
number will be set to 465.
You may customize the port number by editing this field. Click the button Default to
restore to default.
SMTP User Name
/ Password
This setting specifies the SMTP username and password while sending email. These
options are shown only if Require authentication check box is checked in SMTP Server
setting.
Confirm SMTP
Password
This field allows you to verify and confirm the new administrator password.
Sender’s Email
Address
This setting specifies the sender email address reported by the email messages sent by
Pepwave MAX.
Recipient’s Email
Address
This setting specifies the email addresses to which Pepwave MAX should send the email
messages to. You may enter multiple recipients’ email addresses in this field.
After you have completed the settings, you can click the Test Email Notification button to test the
settings before saving it. After it is clicked, you will see this screen to confirm the settings:
Click Yes to confirm. Wait a few seconds, and you will see a return message and the detailed test result.
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18.5 Remote Syslog
The Remote Syslog functionality of Pepwave MAX enables event logging at a specified remote Syslog
server.
The settings for configuring Remote System Log are found at System> Remote Syslog:
Remote Syslog Settings
Remote Syslog
This setting specifies whether or not to log events at the specified remote Syslog server.
Remote Syslog
Host
This setting specifies the IP address or host name of the remote Syslog server.
Port
This setting specifies the port number of the remote Syslog service.
By default, the Port setting has value is 514.
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18.6 SNMP
SNMP or Simple Network Management Protocol is an open standard that can be used to collect
information from the Pepwave MAX Mobile Router.
SNMP configuration is located at System > SNMP:
SNMP Settings
SNMP Device
Name
This field shows the router name defined in System > Admin Security.
SNMP Port
This option specifies the port which SNMP used. The default port is set as 161.
SNMPv1
This option allows you to enable SNMP version 1.
SNMPv2
This option allows you to enable SNMP version 2.
SNMPv3
This option allows you to enable SNMP version 3.
To add a community for either SNMPv1 or SNMPv2, click the Add SNMP Community button in the
Community Name table, upon which the following screen will be displayed:
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SNMP Community Settings
Community Name
This setting specifies the SNMP Community Name.
Allowed Source
Subnet Address
This setting specifies a subnet from which access to the SNMP server is allowed.
Enter subnet address here (e.g. 192.168.1.0).
Allowed Source
Subnet Mask
This setting specifies the subnet mask that corresponds to the subnet specified via
Allowed Source Subnet Address (e.g. 255.255.255.0).
To define a user name for SNMPv3, click Add SNMP User in the SNMPv3 User Name table, upon which
the following screen is displayed:
SNMPv3 User Settings
User Name
This setting specifies a user name to be used in SNMPv3.
Authentication
Protocol
This setting specifies via a drop-down menu the one of the following valid authentication
protocols:
NONE
MD5
SHA
Authentication
Password
This setting specifies the authentication password, and is applicable only if the MD5 or
SHA authentication protocol is selected.
Privacy Protocol
This setting specifies via a drop-down menu the one of the following valid privacy
protocols:
NONE
DES
Privacy Password
This setting specifies the privacy password, and is applicable only if the DES privacy
protocol is selected.
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18.7 InControl
When this check box is checked, the device’s status information, usage data, and configuration will be
sent to Pepwave’s InControl system. You can sign up for an InControl account at
https://incontrol.pepwave.com/ . You can register devices under the account, monitor device status and
usage reports, and download backed up configuration files.
Default: Disabled
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18.8 Configuration
Backing up the Pepwave MAX settings immediately after successful completion of the initial setup is
strongly recommended.
The functionality to download and upload Pepwave MAX settings is found at System > Configuration
18.8.1 Restore Configuration to Factory Settings
The Restore Factory Settings button is to reset the configuration to the factory default settings. You
have to click the Apply Changes button to make the settings effective.
18.8.2 Downloading Active Configurations
The Download button is to backup the current active settings. Click Download and save the
configuration file.
18.8.3 Uploading Configurations
To restore or change settings based on a configuration file, click Browse… to locate the configuration file
on the local computer, and then click Upload.
The new settings can then be applied by clicking the Apply Changes button on the page header, or
discard at the Main page of Web Administration Interface.
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18.9 Reboot
This page provides a Reboot button for restarting the system.
For highest reliability, Pepwave MAX is equipped with two copies of firmware of different version. You can
select the firmware version you would like the device to reboot with.
The firmware marked with (Running) is the current system boot up firmware.
Please note that a firmware upgrade will always replace the inactive firmware partition.
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18.10 Ping Test
The Ping Test tool in Pepwave MAX performs Pings through a specified Ethernet interface or a
SpeedFusionTM connection. You can specify the number of pings in the field Number of times to a
maximum of 10 times, and Packet Size can be specified in the field Packet Size to a maximum of 1472
bytes.
The Ping utility is located at System > Tools > Ping, illustrated as follows:
Tip
A system administrator can use the Ping utility to manually check the connectivity of a particular LAN/WAN
connection.
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18.11 Traceroute Test
The Traceroute Test tool in Pepwave MAX traces the routing path to the destination through a particular
Ethernet interface or SpeedFusionTM connection.
The Traceroute Test utility is located at System > Tools > Traceroute, illustrated as follows:
Tip
A system administrator can use the Traceroute utility to analyze the connection path of a LAN/WAN connection.
18.12 SpeedFusionTM Test
The SpeedFusionTM tool can help to test the throughput between different VPN peers.
You can define the Test Type, Direction, and Duration of the test, and press Go! to perform the
throughput test.
The VPN Test utility is located at System > Tools > SpeedFusionTM illustrated as follows:
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18.13 CLI (Command Line Interface Support)
The CLI (Command Line Interface) can be accessed via SSH. This field enables CLI support.
The below settings specify which TCP port and which interface(s) should accept remote SSH CLI access.
The user name and password used for remote SSH CLI access are the same as those used for web
admin access.
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19 Status
This section displays the information of Pepwave MAX on the Device, Active Sessions, Client List,
WINS Client List, SpeedFusionTM, UPnP / NAT-PMP, Event Log, and Bandwidth.
19.1 Device
System information is located at Status > Device:
System Information
Router Name
This is the name specified in the field Router Name located in System > Admin
Security.
Model
This shows the model name and number of this device.
Hardware Revision
This shows the hardware version of this device.
Serial Number
This shows the serial number of this device.
Firmware
This shows the firmware version that this device is currently running.
Modem Support
Version
This shows the modem support version of this device. A Modem Support List link
redirects users to a list of cellular modems supported by this device.
Uptime
This shows the length of time since the device is rebooted.
System Time
This shows the current system time.
GPX File
(HD2 Only)
This contains the GPS data of the latest 7 days. A Download button is for exporting the
data in GPX format of the selected date. For more information about how GPS works in
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HD2, please refer to section 19.1.1.
Diagnostic Report
A Download button is for exporting a diagnostic report file required for system
investigation.
The second table shows the MAC address of each LAN/WAN interface connected.
Important Note
If you encounter issues and would like to contact Pepwave Support Team (http://www.pepwave.com/contact/),
please download the diagnostic report file and attach it along with a description of your encountered issue.
In firmware 5.1 or before, Diagnostic Report file can be obtained at System > Reboot
19.1.1 GPS Data
The MAX HD2 automatically stores up to seven days of GPS location data in GPS eXchange format
(GPX). To review this data using third-party applications, click Status > Device and then download your
GPX file.
The Pepwave MAX HD2 exports real-time location data in NMEA format through its LAN IP address at
TCP port 60660. It is accessible from LAN or over a SpeedFusion connection. To access the data via a
virtual serial port, you have to install a virtual serial port driver. Visit
http://www.peplink.com/index.php?view=faq&id=294 to download the driver.
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19.2 Active Sessions
Information on Active Sessions is at Status > Active Sessions > Overview
This Active Sessions section displays the active inbound / outbound and UDP / TCP sessions of each
WAN connection on Pepwave MAX.
A filter is available to help sort out the active session information. Enter a keyword in the field or check
one of the WAN connection boxes for filtering.
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19.3 Client List
The client list table is located at Status > Client List. It lists DHCP client IP addresses, their Names
(retrieved from DHCP reservation table or defined by users), current Download and Upload rate and
MAC addresses that the Pepwave MAX has offered IP addresses to since it is powered up. Network
Name (SSID) and Signal refers to the information about Wi-Fi AP, which is the name of the Network and
its signal strength. Clients can be imported into DHCP Reservation table by clicking the button on
the right-most column. Further update the record after the import by going to Network > LAN.
If PPTP Server in section 17.1 is enabled, you may see the corresponding connection name would be
listed in the field of Name.
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19.4 WINS Client
The WINS client list table is located at Status > WINS Client. It lists WINS client IP addresses and their
Names. This option will only be available when you have enabled the WINS Server in section 7.1.
Name of clients retrieved will be automatically matched into Client List in the previous section.
Click the button Flush All to flush all WINS client records.
19.5 SpeedFusionTM
This is a page showing the current status of SpeedFusionTM, located at: Status > SpeedFusionTM
Details about peer’s WAN connections are listed as below.
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19.6 UPnP / NAT-PMP
The table that shows the forwarded ports under UPnP and NAT-PMP protocols is located at Status >
UPnP / NAT-PMP:
This section appears only if you have enabled the function of UPnP / NAT-PMP as mentioned in Section
13.2.
Click the button to delete the single UPnP / NAT-PMP record in its corresponding row. To delete all
records, click Delete All on the right-hand side below the table.
Important Note
UPnP / NAT-PMP records would be deleted immediately after clicking the button or Delete All without the
need to click Save or Confirm.
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19.7 Event Log
Event Log information is located at Status > Event Log:
The log section displays a list of events that has taken place on the Pepwave MAX unit. Click the Auto
Refresh to retrieve log entries again. Click the Clear Log button to clear the log. Select 50,
100, or all to show the corresponding number of events in the log.
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19.8 Bandwidth
This section shows the bandwidth usage statistics, located at: Status > Bandwidth
Bandwidth usage at the LAN and when the device is switched off, bandwidth usage is not recorded and
not shown.
19.8.1 Real-Time
The Data transferred since installation shows you how many network traffic has been processed by
your device since first boot.
Click Show Details in the top right hand corner of each table and the details of data transferred will be
shown.
The check box Stacked below the data transferred graph can be checked to show the aggregated
transferred rate of both traffic directions.
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19.8.2 Hourly
This page shows the daily bandwidth usage for all and each WAN connection.
Select the connection in which you want to check its usage from the drop down menu
19.8.3 Daily
This page shows the daily bandwidth usage for all and each WAN connection.
Select the connection in which you want to check its usage from the drop down menu. If you have
enabled Bandwidth Monitoring feature as shown in section 8.5, the Current Billing Cycle table for that
WAN connection will be displayed.
Click on a date to view the client bandwidth usage of that specific date. This feature is not available if you
have selected to view the bandwidth usage of only a particular WAN connection.
The Scale of the graph can be set to show in Megabyte (MB) or Gigabyte (GB).
All WAN Daily Bandwidth Usage
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19.8.4 Monthly
This page shows the monthly bandwidth usage for each WAN connection.
If you have enabled Bandwidth Monitoring feature as shown in section 8.5, you can choose a particular
connection to check its usage and select to show the monthly usage period in Billing Cycle or Calendar
Month.
Click the first or second row to view the client bandwidth usage of the current month. This feature is not
available if you have chosen to view the bandwidth usage of only a particular WAN connection.
The Scale of the graph can be set to show in Megabyte (MB) or Gigabyte (GB).
All WAN Monthly Bandwidth Usage
Ethernet WAN Monthly Bandwidth Usage
Tip
By default, the scale of data size is in MB. 1GB equals to 1024MB.
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Appendix A. Restoration of Factory Defaults
To restore the factory default settings on a Pepwave MAX unit, follow the steps below:
1. Locate the reset button on the front panel of Pepwave MAX unit.
2. With a paper clip, press the reset button and hold it for at least 10 seconds until the unit reboots
itself.
After Pepwave MAX finishes rebooting, the factory default settings will be restored.
Important Note
All previous configurations and bandwidth usage data will be lost after restoring the factory default settings.
Regular backup of configuration settings is strongly recommended.
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Appendix B. Declaration
1. The device supports time division technology
2. Federal Communication Commission Interference Statement for MAX 600 /
700 / HD2 / BR1
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant
to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful
interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency
energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference
to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular
installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can
be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the
interference by one of the following measures:
1) Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
2) Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.
3) Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected.
4) Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.
This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions:
(1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference
received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.
FCC Caution: Any changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for
compliance could void the user's authority to operate this equipment.
IEEE 802.11b or 802.11g operation of this product in the U.S.A. is firmware-limited to channels 1 through
11.
IMPORTANT NOTE
FCC Radiation Exposure Statement
This equipment complies with FCC radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled environment.
This equipment should be installed and operated with minimum distance 20cm between the radiator &
your body.
This transmitter must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter.
Note: The country code selection is for non-US model only and is not available to all US model. Per FCC
regulation, all WiFi product marketed in US must fixed to US operation channels only.
Contact Us:
Sales
http://www.pepwave.com/contact/sales/
Support
http://www.pepwave.com/contact/
Business Development and
Partnerships
http://www.pepwave.com/partners/channel-
partner-program/
Address:
United States Office
800 West El Camino Real,
Mountain View
CA 94040
United States
Tel: +1 (650) 450 9669
Fax: +1 (866) 625 4664
Hong Kong Office
17/F, Park Building,
476 Castle Peak Road
Cheung Sha Wan
Hong Kong
Tel: +852 2990 7600
Fax: +852 3007 0588
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