Powerwave Technologies 5JS0034 CELLULAR AMPLIFIER User Manual USERS MANUAL
Powerwave Technologies Inc CELLULAR AMPLIFIER USERS MANUAL
USERS MANUAL
® INSTALLATION & SERVICE MANUAL MULTICHANNEL POWER AMPLIFIER G3L-800-25-001 869-894 MHz 25 WATTS AVERAGE POWER 15 JANUARY 1999 Powerwave Technologies, Inc. 2026 McGaw Avenue Irvine, CA 92614 044-05058 Rev. A Tel: 949-757-0530 Fax: 949-757-0941 Web Site: www.powerwave.com TABLE OF CONTENTS Par. No. 1-1 1-2 1-3 Section 1 General Description Page No. Introduction .............................................................................................1-1 General Description ...............................................................................1-1 Functional and Physical Specifications ...................................................1-1 Section 2 Installation 2-1 2-2 2-3 2-4 2-5 2-6 Introduction .............................................................................................2-1 Electrical Service Recommendations......................................................2-1 Unpacking and Inspection.......................................................................2-1 Installation Instructions............................................................................2-2 Amplifier Module Power, Alarm, Control, and RF Connector ..................2-2 Amplifier Module RS-232 Connector.......................................................2-4 Section 3 Operating Instructions 3-1 3-2 Introduction .............................................................................................3-1 Initial Start-Up and Operating Procedures ..............................................3-1 Section 4 Principles of Operation 4-1 4-2 4-3 4-4 4-4.1 4-4.2 4-4.3 4-4.4 4-4.5 4-5 4-6 Introduction .............................................................................................4-1 RF Input Signal .......................................................................................4-1 RF Output Load.......................................................................................4-1 Amplifier Functional Description..............................................................4-1 Predriver Amplifier...................................................................................4-1 Three Stage Driver Amplifier ...................................................................4-1 Main Amplifier .........................................................................................4-2 Alarm Monitoring and Control..................................................................4-2 Loop Control Circuit ................................................................................4-2 Amplifier Module Cooling ........................................................................4-2 Power Distribution ...................................................................................4-2 TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) Par. No. 5-1 5-2 5-3 5-4 5-4.1 5-5 Section 5 Maintenance Page No. Introduction .............................................................................................5-1 Periodic Maintenance..............................................................................5-1 Test Equipment Required For Test .........................................................5-1 Performance Test....................................................................................5-2 Amplifier Performance Test.....................................................................5-2 Field Replacement of the Module ...........................................................5-7 Section 6 Troubleshooting 6-1 6-2 6-3 6-3.1 6-3.2 Introduction .............................................................................................6-1 Troubleshooting ......................................................................................6-1 Return for Service Procedures ................................................................6-1 Obtaining an RMA...................................................................................6-1 Repackaging for Shipment......................................................................6-1 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Figure Page No. No. 1-1 G3L-800-25-001 Amplifier Showing Front Panel.....................................1-3 1-2 G3L-800-25-001 Amplifier Showing Rear Panel .....................................1-4 2-1 Power, Alarm, Control, and RF Connector (D-Subminiature 21WA4, Male Connector) .........................................................................................................2-3 2-2 RS-232 Connector (on Rear of G3L-800-25-001 Module) ......................2-4 4-1 G3L-800-25-001 Multi Channel Power Amplifier Functional Block Diagram 4-2 5-1 G3L-800-25-001 Amplifier Test Setup Diagram ......................................5-3 LIST OF TABLES Table No. 1-1 2-1 2-2 5-1 5-2 Page No. G3L-800-25-001 Multichannel Power Amplifier Functional Specifications1-2 Amplifier Module Power, Alarm, Control, and RF Connector Definition ..2-3 Amplifier Module RS-232 Connector Definition.......................................2-4 Periodic Maintenance..............................................................................5-1 Test Equipment Required .......................................................................5-2 5-3 6-1 Multichannel Power Amplifier Test Data Sheet .......................................5-4 Troubleshooting ......................................................................................6-1 Section GENERAL DESCRIPTION 1-1. INTRODUCTION This manual contains information and procedures for installation, operation, and maintenance of Powerwave’s model G3L-800-25-001 multichannel power amplifier. The manual is organized into six sections as follows: Section 1. General Description Section 2. Installation Section 3. Operating Instructions Section 4. Principles of Operation Section 5. Maintenance Section 6: Troubleshooting 1-2. GENERAL DESCRIPTION The G3L-800-25-001 (see figures 1-1 and 1-2) is a linear, multichannel power amplifier that operates in the 25 MHz frequency band from 869 MHz to 894 MHz. It is designed as a self-contained module with EMI containment for use in both indoor and outdoor North American cellular base stations. The G3L-800-25-001 accepts single channel and transmit voice RF signals. The G3L-800-25-001 uses an internally generated tone to optimize its performance. The system operating band (A or B) is externally provided to the G3L-800-25-001 so that it knows where the tone frequency is going to be. If the operating band is A, then a tone at B band is generated; if the operating band is B, then a tone at A band is generated. Each amplifier module has a power, alarm, and control connector that allows the host system to monitor the amplifier module performance. Primary power for the amplifier is +27 Vdc. 1-3. FUNCTIONAL AND PHYSICAL SPECIFICATIONS Functional and physical specifications for the amplifier are listed in table 1-1. Table 1-1. G3L-800-25-001 Multichannel Power Amplifier Functional Specifications Frequency Range Maximum Average Input Power Continuous Average Output Power Spurious Emissions RF Gain Gain Flatness: Gain Variation (Temperature and Voltage) Output Protection: Input Port Return Loss: Operating Temperature: Storage Temperature: Operating Humidity: Storage Humidity: DC Input, Alarm, and Control Connector: RF Input Connector: RF Output Connector: Phase Phase Tracking IMD Output Return Loss Harmonic Output Communications Status Indicators: POWER ON: MINOR: MAJOR: Internally Generated Alarms Externally Generated Alarms Hot Swap Capable DC Input Power: Power Supply Current Overload Protection Dimensions (inches): 869-894 MHz (25 MHz Bandwidth) -13 dBm 25 Watts -60 dBc maximum (820 MHz – 900 MHz) -50 dBc maximum (all other frequencies) 57±0.5 dB ±0.5 dB (869 MHz – 894 MHz) ±0.7dB (From 25 ºC, across specified temperature range.) ±0.7dB (From 27 V, across specified voltage range.) Mismatch Protected -12 dB at any given power level 0 ºC. to +50 ºC. (room ambient) -40 ºC. to +65 ºC. (room ambient) 5% - 95% Relative Humidity (noncondensing) not to exceed 0.024 grams of water per gram of dry air. 5% - 95% Relative Humidity (noncondensing) 21WA4 (male, D-sub) 21WA4 (male, D-sub) 21WA4 (male, D-sub) 180±5 degrees (measured at 880 MHz, 25 ºC, any power level) ±10 degrees (from 25 ºC, across specified temperature range) -60 dBc (8 carriers, continuous phase random, equal carrier spacing of 1.25 MHz. Any power up to maximum average output power.) -18 dB (at any power level) -45 dBc (at any number of carriers, any power level.) RS-485 interface for control and status Green LED = Power applied Yellow LED = Minor alarm (loop failure) Red LED = Major alarm (module failure and shut down) Over temp., DC over voltage, Overpower, VSWR, Loop fail. Fan failure: Open collector pulled low = amp functioning Open collector floating high = amp failure Unit is capable of being replaced without shutting down power. +27±0.1 Vdc, 260 mV p-p max. ripple, ≤350 watts 15 amps max. (at max. RF power out) 20 A (circuit breaker / on-off switch) Height: 13.82; width: 2.64; depth: 15.57 13.82 MINOR MAJOR 15.57 2.64 Figure 1-1. G3L-800-25-001 Amplifier Showing Front Panel Figure 1-2. G3L-800-25-001 Amplifier Showing Rear Panel 21WA4 Male D-Sub Connector 21WA4 D-Sub Connector Section INSTALLATION 2-1. INTRODUCTION This section contains unpacking, inspection, and installation instructions and recommendations for the Model G3L-800-25-001 Multichannel Power Amplifier. Carefully read all material in this section prior to equipment unpacking or installation. Also read and review the operating procedures in Section 3 prior to installing the equipment. It is important that the licensee perform these tasks correctly and in good faith. If applicable, carefully read Parts 73 and 74 of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) rules to determine how they apply to your installation. DON'T TAKE CHANCES WITH YOUR LICENSE. 2-2. ELECTRICAL SERVICE RECOMMENDATIONS Powerwave Technologies recommends that proper AC line conditioning and surge suppression be provided on the primary AC input to the +27 Vdc power source. All electrical service should be installed in accordance with the National Electrical Code, any applicable state or local codes, and good engineering practice. Special consideration should be given to lightning protection of all systems in view of the vulnerability of most transmitter sites to lightning. Lightning arrestors are recommended in the service entrance. Straight, short ground runs are recommended. The electrical service must be well grounded. Each amplifier system should have its own circuit breaker, so a failure in one does not shut off the whole installation. Circuit breakers should be thermal type, capable of handling the anticipated inrush current, in a load center with a master switch. 2-3. UNPACKING AND INSPECTION This equipment has been operated, tested and calibrated at the factory. Carefully open the container(s) and remove the amplifier module(s). Retain all packing material that can be reassembled in the event that the unit must be returned to the factory. CAUTION Exercise care in handling equipment during inspection to prevent damage caused by rough or careless handling. Visually inspect the amplifier module for damage that may have occurred during shipment. Check for evidence of water damage, bent or warped chassis, loose screws or nuts, or extraneous packing material in the connector. If the equipment is damaged, a claim should be filed with the carrier once the extent of any damage is assessed. We cannot stress too strongly the importance of IMMEDIATE careful inspection of the equipment and the subsequent IMMEDIATE filing of the necessary claims against the carrier if necessary. If possible, inspect the equipment in the presence of the delivery person. If the equipment is damaged, the carrier is your first area of recourse. If the equipment is damaged and must be returned to the factory, write or phone for a return authorization. Powerwave may not accept returns without a return authorization. Claims for loss or damage may not be withheld from any payment to Powerwave, nor may any payment due be withheld pending the outcome thereof. WE CANNOT GUARANTEE THE FREIGHT CARRIER'S PERFORMANCE 2-4. INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS The G3L-800-25-001 amplifier module is designed for installation in a subrack that permits access to the subrack for connection of DC power, RF, and monitor cables. To install the amplifier proceed as follows: 1. Install subrack in equipment rack or cabinet and secure in place. 2. Connect antenna cable to subrack. 3. Connect the transceiver output(s) to subrack. 4. Connect RS-232 cable to subrack. 5. Connect alarm and control cables to subrack. WARNING Verify that all circuit breaker switches on the subrack are in the OFF position. Turn off external primary DC power before connecting DC power cables. 7. Connect positive primary power and negative primary power to the subrack. subrack power connections. Tighten the 8. Place power on/off switch on the amplifier front panel in the “off” (down) position. Insert the plug-in amplifier module(s) in the subrack. Tighten top and bottom thumbscrews. 9. Check your work before applying DC voltage to the system. Make certain all connections are tight and correct. 10. Measure primary DC input voltage. DC input voltage should be +27 Vdc ±1.0 Vdc. If the DC input voltage is above or below the limits, call and consult Powerwave before you turn on your amplifier system. 11. Refer to section 3 for initial turn-on and checkout procedures. 2-5. AMPLIFIER MODULE POWER, ALARM, CONTROL, AND RF CONNECTOR The power, alarm, control, and RF connections on the amplifier are made through a 21WA4 male connector (figure 2-1) and are listed and described in table 2-1. 10 Table 2-1. Amplifier Module Power, Alarm, Control, and RF Connector Definition PIN 10 11 SIGNAL GROUND RxD+ RxDTxD+ TxDRACK A2 RACK A1 RACK A0 I/O DATA IN DATA IN DATA OUT DATA OUT ADDRESS IN (MSB) ADDRESS IN (MiddleSB) ADDRESS IN (LSB) AMP A2 FAN FAIL ADDRESS IN (MSB) INPUT 12 AMP A1 ADDRESS IN (MiddleSB) AMP A0 ADDRESS IN (LSB) 13 14 15 16 17 A1 A2 A3 A4 RF INPUT Vin GROUND RF OUTPUT SOURCE SIGNAL NAME SERIAL-RS485 SERIAL-RS485 SERIAL-RS485 SERIAL-RS485 GROUND PIN FOR A HIGH,FLOAT FOR A LOW GROUND PIN FOR A HIGH,FLOAT FOR A LOW GROUND PIN FOR A HIGH,FLOAT FOR A LOW NOT USED GROUND PIN FOR A LOW,FLOAT FOR A HIGH GROUND PIN FOR A LOW,FLOAT FOR A HIGH GROUND PIN FOR A LOW(PASS),FLOAT FOR A HIGH(FAIL) NOT USED GROUND PIN FOR A LOW,FLOAT FOR A HIGH NOT USED NOT USED NOT USED PDM 24 SERIES COAX TYPICALLY 27 VOLTS DC POWER SUPPLY RETURN PKZ 26 SERIES COAXIAL CONNECTOR (50 OHM, .050” CENTER CONTACT) Figure 2-1. Power, Alarm, Control, and RF Connector (D-SubMiniature 21WA4, Male Connector) 11 2-6. AMPLIFIER MODULE RS-232 CONNECTOR The RS-232 connection on the amplifier is made through a 4-pin male Molex connector (figure 2-2). The connector is defined in table 2-2. Figure 2-2. RS-232 Connector (on Rear of G3L-800-25-001 Module) Table 2-2. Amplifier Module RS-232 Connector Definition PIN NUMBER DESCRIPTION RS-232 Rx RS-232 Tx Summary Alarm Ground Section OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS 3-1. INTRODUCTION This section contains operating instructions for the Multicarrier Amplifier. 3-2. INITIAL START-UP AND OPERATING PROCEDURES To perform the initial start-up, proceed as follows: 1. Double check to ensure that all input and output cables are properly connected. CAUTION Before applying power, make sure that the input and output of the amplifier are properly terminated at 50 ohms. Do not operate the amplifier without a load attached. Refer to table 1-1 for input power requirements. Excessive input power may damage the amplifier NOTE The output coaxial cable between the amplifier and the antenna must be 50 ohm coaxial cable. Use of any other cable will distort the output. 12 2. Turn on supply that provides +27 Vdc to the amplifier system. 3. Place power on/off switch on the amplifier front panel in the “on” (up) position. 4. Turn on external exciter/transceiver and apply RF input signals. Section PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION 4-1. INTRODUCTION This section contains a functional description of the G3L-800-25-100 Multichannel Power Amplifier. 4-2. RF INPUT SIGNAL The maximum input power should not exceed the limits specified in table 1-1. 4-3. RF OUTPUT LOAD The load impedance should be as good as possible (1.5:1 or better) in the working band for good power transfer to the load. 4-4. AMPLIFIER FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION The G3L-800-25-001 amplifier (figures 1-1, 1-2, and 4-1) is a linear, multichannel power amplifier that operates in the 25 MHz frequency band from 869 MHz to 894 MHz at an output power of 25 watts. Each amplifier is a self-contained module and is functionally independent of any other amplifier modules in the system. Each amplifier module has an alarm board that monitors the amplifier performance. If a failure or fault occurs in an amplifier module, it is transmitted to the host system via the D-subminiature 21Wa4 connector at the rear of the module. The amplifier is compliant to the requirements of FCC Part 22 and TIA/EIA IS97A with respect to spurious emissions. Constant gain is maintained by continuously comparing active paths with passive references, and correcting for small variations through the RF feedback controls. All gain variations, for example those due to temperature, are reduced to the passive reference variations. The amplifier module is comprised of: A preamp A driver amplifier A main amplifier An error and preerror amplifier 13 Alarm monitoring and control 4-4.1. PREDRIVER AMPLIFIER The input of the amplifier employs two stages of class AB amplification which provide approximately 13.5 dB of gain in the 25 MHz frequency band from 869 MHz to 894 MHz. The amplifier operates on +27 Vdc. 4-4.2. THREE STAGE DRIVER AMPLIFIER The input of the amplifier employs three stages of class AB amplification which provide approximately 32 dB of gain in the 25 MHz frequency band from 869 MHz to 894 MHz. The amplifier operates on +27 Vdc. 14 4-4.3. MAIN AMPLIFIER The main amplifier employs class AB amplification for maximum efficiency. The signal provides approximately 11 dB of gain in the 25 MHz frequency band. The output from the main amplifier is typically 30 watts. The amplifier operates on +27 Vdc, and a bias voltage of +5 Vdc, and is mounted directly on a heat sink. The alarm logic controls the +5 Vdc bias voltage that shuts down the amplifier. Predriver RF IN 13.5 dB Gain Three Stage Driver 32 dB Gain Main Amp 11 dB Gain Control RF OUT Control LOOP CONTROL CIRCUIT ALARM CIRCUIT Figure 4-1. G3L-800-25-001 Multichannel Power Amplifier Functional Block Diagram 4-4.4. ALARM MONITORING AND CONTROL In the amplifier, all normal variations are automatically compensated for by the loop control circuit. However, when large variations occur beyond the adjustment range of the loop control, a loop fault will occur. The alarms are output via a 21WA4 D-sub connector on the module for subsequent remote monitoring. 4-4.5. LOOP CONTROL CIRCUIT The primary function of the loop control circuit is to reduce the spurious emissions of the RF signal at all amplifier stages. The loop control circuit controls internal amplifier parameters of all amplifier stages, thereby optimizing spurious emissions. 4-5. AMPLIFIER MODULE COOLING Each amplifier module is contained within a thermally conductive finned chassis which, when properly cooled with external fans, will provide sufficient cooling to maintain the amplifier within the specified operating temperature range. 4-6. POWER DISTRIBUTION 15 Primary DC power for the amplifier is provided by the host system. The amplifier module has a DC/DC converter that converts the +27 Vdc to +15 Vdc, +5 Vdc, and +8 Vdc for internal use. Section MAINTENANCE 5-1. INTRODUCTION This section contains periodic maintenance and performance test procedures for the Multichannel Power Amplifier. It also contains a list of test equipment required to perform the identified tasks. NOTE Check your sales order and equipment warranty before attempting to service or repair the unit. Do not break the seals on equipment under warranty or the warranty will be null and void. Do not return equipment for warranty or repair service until proper shipping instructions are received from the factory. 5-2. PERIODIC MAINTENANCE Periodic maintenance requirements are listed in Table 5-1. Table 5-1 also lists the intervals at which the tasks should be performed. Table 5-1. Periodic Maintenance TASK Inspection Cables and Connectors Performance Tests INTERVAL 12 Months 12 Months ACTION Inspect signal and power cables for frayed insulation. Check RF connectors to be sure that they are tight. Perform annual test per paragraph 5-5. 5-3. TEST EQUIPMENT REQUIRED FOR TEST Test equipment required to test the amplifier is listed in Table 5-2. Equivalent test equipment may be substituted for any item, keeping in mind that a thermistor type power meter is required. NOTE All RF test equipment must be calibrated to 0.05 dB resolution. Any deviation from the nominal attenuation must be accounted for and factored into all output readings. 16 Table 5-2. Test Equipment Required MANUFACTURER MODEL MENCLATURE Signal Generator 20 dB Attenuator, 250 Watt 20 dB Attenuator, 20 Watt (2 each) Spectrum Analyzer Coax Directional Coupler Power Meter / Sensor Arbitrary Waveform Generator Network Analyzer Current Probe Source Diskette CDMA Generator H.P. Tenuline Tenuline H.P. H.P. H.P. Sony H.P. 8656B 8560E 778D 437B / 8481A AWG2021 8753C Powerwave Noise Com 800-1 5-4. PERFORMANCE TEST Performance testing should be conducted every 12 months to ensure that the amplifier system meets the operational specifications listed in table 5-3. Also verify system performance after any amplifier module is replaced in the field. The test equipment required to perform the testing is listed in table 5-2, and the test setup is shown in figure 5-1. NOTE The frequencies used in this test are typical for an amplifier with a 25 MHz band from 869 MHz to 894 MHz. Select evenly spaced F1, F2, F3, and F4 frequencies that cover the instantaneous bandwidth of your system. 5-4.1. AMPLIFIER PERFORMANCE TEST. To perform the test, proceed as follows: 1. Connect test equipment as shown in figure 5-1. NOTE Do not apply any RF signals at this time. AMPLIFIER SPURIOUS EMISSIONS TEST: 2. With the RF input signal to the amplifier set to be as shown in figure 5-2, use the spectrum analyzer to measure the spurious emissions performance. Record test data in table 5-3. Verify that it is within the specifications shown in table 1-1. Switch tested amplifier to OFF. GAIN TEST: 3. Disconnect spectrum analyzer from test setup, and connect the network analyzer. 4. Set network analyzer as follows: a. Power output to -13 dBm. b. Frequency start to 869 MHz. c. Frequency stop to 894 MHz. d. Normalize the network analyzer for gain and return loss. 5. Check the amplifier gain across the band from 869 MHz to 894 MHz. Gain should be as specified in table 1-1. Record test data in table 5-3. 17 INPUT RETURN LOSS TEST: 6. Read and record the S11 return loss measurement on network analyzer. Record test data in table 5-3. Figure 5-1. G3L-800-25-001 Amplifier Test Setup Diagram 18 Table 5-3. Multichannel Power Amplifier Test Data Sheet DATE__________________________________ MODULE S/N ___________________________ TEST CONDITIONS: Load and Source Impedance: 50 Ohms VSWR: < 1.2:1 Supply Voltage: +27 Vdc ±0.1 Vdc TEST SPECIFICATION MIN MAX DATA RF Gain Spurious Emissions Gain Flatness Input Return Loss PASS Vcc = 27 Vdc PO = 25 W Freq. = 880 MHz Vcc = 27 Vdc PO =25 W 869 - 894 MHz Band Vcc = 27 Vdc PO =25 W 869 - 894 MHz Band Vcc = 27 Vdc PO = 25 W 869-894 MHz Band Table 1-1 -0.5 dB Table 1-1 +0.5 dB -60 dBc ±0.5 dB -12 dB FAIL Tested by 19 5-5. FIELD REPLACEMENT OF THE MODULE The G3L-800-25-001 multichannel power amplifier module can be replaced in the field on site by a qualified technician with experience maintaining RF power amplifiers and similar equipment: To replace a power amplifier module, proceed as follows: 1. Set on/off switch on the front panel of the amplifier module to OFF (down). 2. Loosen two thumbscrews that secure amplifier module to subrack. CAUTION When removing the amplifier from the subrack, it is very important to support the amplifier such that the rear of the module does not suddenly drop when the guide rail disengages from the track. A drop such as this could damage the rear 21WA4 multipin connector. 3. With steady even pressure, use handle on front of amplifier to pull module out of subrack. 4. Install replacement in reverse order of steps 1 through 3 above. Section TROUBLESHOOTING 6-1 INTRODUCTION This section contains a list of problems which users have encountered and a few suggested actions that may correct the problem. If the suggested corrective action does not eliminate the problem, please contact your Powerwave field representative or the factory for further instructions. NOTE Check your sales order and equipment warranty before attempting to service or repair the unit. Do not break the seals on equipment under warranty or the warranty will be null and void. Do not return equipment for warranty or repair service until proper shipping instructions are received from the factory. 6-2 TROUBLESHOOTING Refer to table 6-1 for troubleshooting suggestions. Table 6-1. Troubleshooting. SYMPTOM SUGGESTED ACTION G3L-800-25-001 Inoperative 1. Check for proper power supply voltage. 2. Verify all RF connections. 20 3. Verify that unit does not have a major fault (red LED on front panel). Recycle power. 6-3 RETURN FOR SERVICE PROCEDURES When returning products to Powerwave, the following procedures will ensure optimum response. 6-3.1 Obtaining an RMA A Return Material Authorization (RMA) number must be obtained prior to returning equipment to the factory for service. Please contact our Customer Service Department at (949) 757-0530 to obtain this number. Failure to obtain this RMA number may result in considerable delays in receiving repair service. 6-3.2 Repackaging for Shipment To ensure safe shipment of the amplifier, it is recommended that the package designed for the amplifier be used. The original packaging material is reusable. If it is not available, contact Powerwave’s Customer Service Department for packing materials and information. 21
Source Exif Data:
File Type : PDF File Type Extension : pdf MIME Type : application/pdf PDF Version : 1.2 Linearized : Yes Create Date : 2001:07:03 13:41:11 Producer : Acrobat Distiller 4.0 for Windows Modify Date : 2001:07:03 13:41:16+01:00 Page Count : 21EXIF Metadata provided by EXIF.tools