Prime Electronics and Satellitics WA224P Wireless LAN Access Point User Manual WA224P English

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Wireless LAN Access Point
User Manual
Version: 1.0
(May. 2003)
Wireless LAN Access Point
Copyright
Copyright  2001 by this company. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be
reproduced, transmitted, transcribed, stored in a retrieval system, or translated into any
language or computer language, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical,
magnetic, optical, chemical, manual or otherwise, without the prior written permission of this
company
This company makes no representations or warranties, either expressed or implied, with
respect to the contents hereof and specifically disclaims any warranties, merchantability or
fitness for any particular purpose. Any software described in this manual is sold or licensed
"as is". Should the programs prove defective following their purchase, the buyer (and not
this company, its distributor, or its dealer) assumes the entire cost of all necessary servicing,
repair, and any incidental or consequential damages resulting from any defect in the
software. Further, this company reserves the right to revise this publication and to make
changes from time to time in the contents hereof without obligation to notify any person of
such revision or changes.
All brand and product names mentioned in this manual are trademarks and/or registered
trademarks of their respective holders.
Wireless LAN Access Point
Federal Communication Commission
Interference Statement
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital
device, pursuant to Part 15 of FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable
protection against harmful interference in a residential installation.
This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not
installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to
radio communications.
However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If
this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can
be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct
the interference by one or more of the following measures:
1. Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
2. Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.
3. Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver
is connected.
4. Consult the dealer or an experienced radio technician for help.
FCC Caution
This equipment complies with FCC radiation exposure limits. However, in order to avoid the
possibility of exceeding the FCC exposure limits, this device and its antenna should not be
co-located or operating in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter.”
This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following
two conditions: (1) this device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must
accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.
Any changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for
compliance could void the authority to operate equipment.
IMPORTANT NOTE
FCC RF Radiation Exposure Statement: This equipment complies with FCC RF radiation exposure
limits set forth for an uncontrolled environment. This equipment should be installed and operated with
a minimum distance of 20cm between the antenna and your body and must not be co-located or operating
in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter.
R&TTE Compliance Statement
This equipment complies with all the requirements of DIRECTIVE 1999/5/CE OF THE
EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND THE COUNCIL of March 9, 1999 on radio equipment and
telecommunication terminal Equipment and the mutual recognition of their conformity
(R&TTE)
The R&TTE Directive repeals and replaces in the directive 98/13/EEC (Telecommunications
Terminal Equipment and Satellite Earth Station Equipment) As of April 8, 2000.
Safety
This equipment is designed with the utmost care for the safety of those who install and use
it. However, special attention must be paid to the dangers of electric shock and static
II
Wireless LAN Access Point
electricity when working with electrical equipment. All guidelines of this and of the computer
manufacture must therefore be allowed at all times to ensure the safe use of the equipment.
EU Countries Intended for Use
The ETSI version of this device is intended for home and office use in Austria Belgium,
Denmark, Finland, France, (with Frequency channel restrictions) Germany, Greece, Ireland,
Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, and the United Kingdom.
The ETSI version of this device is also authorized for use in EFTA member states: Iceland,
Liechtenstein, Norway, and Switzerland.
EU Countries Not intended for use
None.
Potential restrictive use
France: Only channels 10, 11, 12, and 13
III
Wireless LAN Access Point
Manual Contents
Chapter 1
Introduction
… … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
This chapter introduces the feature and package contents of the product before
you start the installation
Chapter 2
Hardware Installation
… … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
This chapter gives all the necessary information you need when installing the
device.
Chapter 3
Configuration
… … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
This chapter contains step-by-step procedure on how to configure the Wireless
LAN Access Point.
… … … … … … … … … … … … … … … ..
3.1
Installing the APM Utility
3.2
Configuring the Wireless LAN Access Point with the APManager
Chapter 4
WEB Configuration
… … …
… … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 12
4.1
System
… … … … … … … … … … … … … … … .. 12
4.2
Web Pages Overview
… … … … … … … … … … … … … … … .. 12
4.3
Configuration
… … … … … … … … … … … … … … … .. 12
4.3.1
4.3.2
4.3.3
4.3.4
Beginning
… … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … . 12
System
… … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … . 13
4.3.2.1
System Time
… … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … . 13
4.3.2.2
Administrator Settings
… … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … . 13
4.3.2.3
Firmware Upgrade
… … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … . 13
4.3.2.4
Configuration Tools
… … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … . 13
4.3.2.5
Status
… … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … . 13
4.3.2.6
System Log
… … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … . 13
4.3.2.7
Reset
… … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … . 13
LAN Wireless
… … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … . 14
4.3.3.1
IP Config
… … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … . 14
4.3.3.2
Wireless Operation
… … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … . 14
4.3.3.3
Authorized
… … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … . 14
4.3.3.4
Connect Client
… … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … . 15
4.3.3.5
Security
… … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … . 15
Reset to Default
… … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … . 15
Chapter 5
Technical Specification
… … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 16
Chapter 6
Troubleshooting
… … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 17
This chapter provides solutions to problems usually encountered during the
installation and operation of the device.
Chapter 7
Appendix
… … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 18
This chapter contains definitions of technical terms and acronyms commonly
founds when installing and configuring this device.
Chapter 8
Glossary
… … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 20
IV
Wireless LAN Access Point
Chapter
Introduction
Thank you for purchasing the W ireless LAN Access Point. This device features the
innovating wireless technology that can help you build a wireless network easily! Please
follow the step-by-step instructions. The manual will guide you through the driver installation
and utility configuration.
Package Contents
●
●
●
●
●
●
Wireless LAN Access Point
AC Power Adapter
Stand Kit
Rubber Foot*4
Installation Software CD (Driver & Utility + User Manual)
Quick Installation Guide
If any of the above is missing, please contact your supplier.
System Requirements
●
PC-compatible desktop computer or laptop with one available Ethernet port.
● Operating System: Windows 98/Me/2000/XP, with TCP/IP protocol.
● Minimum Disk Space: 10MB for utility and driver installation.
Safety Precaution
Only use the accessories in the device package. Otherwise, the device may not function.
If you accidentally lose or damage any item, please contact your supplier.
Product Features
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
Interoperable with IEEE 802.11b (DSSS) 2.4GHz-Compliant Equipment
Up to 11 Mbps High-Speed Data Transfer Rate
Four operation modes selectable: AP / AP Client / Wireless Bridge
64 bit or 128 bit Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) Encryption
Mac Address Filtering
Supports up to 64 users
Auto Fall-Back Data Rate for Long-Distance Communication and Noisy Environments
Auto Scanning and Roaming
Seamless and Real-time connection
Free Software Driver Upgrades
Wireless LAN Access Point
Chapter
Hardware Installation
Hardware Installation Procedure
A.
Locate an optimum location for the W ireless LAN Access Point (AP). The best place for
your AP is usually the center of your wireless network, with line of sight to all of your
mobile stations.
B.
Fix the direction of the antennas. Try to place the AP in a position that can best cover
your wireless network. Normally, the higher you place the antenna, the better the
performance will be. The antenna’s position enhances the receiving sensitivity.
C.
Connect one end of the RJ-45 (Ethernet) cable to the AP and the other end to a switch
or hub. AP will then be connected to the 10 Mbps Network.
D.
Connect the AC Power Adapter to the AP.
E.
Power on the AP.
Wireless LAN Access Point
Chapter
Configuring the Wireless LAN Access Point
The APM Utility helps you configure the W ireless LAN Access Point through the Ethernet
port.
3.1 Installing the APM Utility
A.
Power on your computer and allow Window 98/Me/2000/XP to load fully. Insert the
driver CD into the CD-ROM and execute the “Setup.exe” program. (It may be found in
the APM folder.) The wizard box will then appear, click “Next” to continue.
Wireless LAN Access Point
B.
Click “Browse” to choose the folder where you want to locate the driver, click “Next”.
C.
After W indows finishes copying files, it will show that “Setup has finished installing
APManager on your computer.” Click “Finish” to complete the procedure.
D.
Connect the AP to the Ethernet port and boots up the APM utility to start the
configuration.
Wireless LAN Access Point
3.2 Configuring the Wireless LAN Access Point with the APManager
On the W indows Start Menu, choose “Start Programs” -> “APManager” Using this option
you can directly connect to the AP.
●
Find the AP
1) This submenu allows you to find and connect to the AP without knowing its IP
address. Click “Discovery” in order to find the AP. Window appears indicating the IP
Address of the AP and select “IP Address”. Then click “Configuration” to configure
the AP.
Note: In order to find Access Point, Access Point and computers must resident in the same
subnet. The default IP of Access Point is “192.168.1.1”. You will also need to set your IP
address of your PC to “192.168.x.x” and subnet to “255.255.0.0”.
2) It indicates a successful connection to AP if the dialog below appears. Enter
password and press “OK”. (Default Password : private)
Wireless LAN Access Point
3) It indicates an unsuccessful connection to AP if the below error message appears.
Please check whether the AP has an appropriate IP address and has been
connected to the network.
●
Table Menu
The table menu contains the following enabled submenus:
1) System:
Device Information：show the description, Mac address, Regulation Domain.
Administrator Password：change the password that APM control AP.
Profile Name List：Using “Add/Save” button to add new profile name；using
“Load”, “Save”, “Del” button to modify the profile name.
Update F/W：Click the button to update the firmware of AP.
Click “Browser” to choose .dlf firmware, then click “Upgrade” button to update
firmware.
Wireless LAN Access Point
Load Default：Click the button to assign the default data.
Reset：Click the button to reset the AP.
Refresh：Click the button to reload the data from AP.
Apply：Click the button to assign new data to AP.
2) IP Config:
In this page you can see and change the IP Address, IP Mask and Gateway of the AP.
3) Statistic:
In this page you can see the statistic of the AP linking in Ethernet or W ireless.
Wireless LAN Access Point
4) Wireless Operation:
Using this option you can either view or modify the Wireless LAN parameters of the AP.
These parameters are described below:
Wireless Setting：
Reject broadcast probe: When checked the AP broadcasts the ESSID to the
stations, if not checked then the stations must know the AP ESSID in advance.
Channel ID: There are 14 channels available. The channels differ from country to
country. Select the channel to be used.
ESSID: It is an ASCII string up to 32 characters used to identify a WLAN that
prevents the unintentional merging of two co-located WLANs. The ESSID value
must be the same in all stations and AP in the extended WLAN. Select the ESSID
to be used.
Device Name: The name of the AP.
Rate: By default the unit adaptively selects the highest possible rate for
transmission. Select the Basic & Data rates to be used among the following
options: 1, 2, 5.5, 11(Mbps).
Preamble Type (Short / Long): Preamble is the first sub-field of the PPDU. It’s
Wireless LAN Access Point
an appropriable frame format for transmission between PHY (Physical layer).
There are two preamble types: short and long. The Short Preamble option
improves throughput performance.
Beacon Interval: Set the Beacon Period parameter, which specifies the duration
between Beacon packets (milliseconds). The range for the Beacon Period is
between the range 20-1000 with a typical value of 100.
RTS Threshold: Minimum packet size to require an RTS Request To Send. For
packets smaller than this threshold, an RTS is not sent and the packet is
transmitted directly to the WLAN. This is the option for the RTS Threshold
activation.
Frag. Threshold: The size at which packets will be fragmented. Choose a setting
within a range of 256 to 2346 bytes.
Operation Mode：
Access Point: This mode provides access from W ireless Stations to W ired LANs
and from Wired LANs to W ireless Stations. Furthermore, W ireless Stations within
the range of the AP device may communicate with each other via the AP.
Access Point Client: This mode allows the connection of one or more remote
LANs with a central LAN, creating thus an extended single virtual LAN. In this way,
any station of the Remote LAN can successfully communicate with any station of
the central LAN, as if all of them belonged to the same physical LAN. Wireless
Stations can’t be associated with AP Clients. The AP conducts the designated
traffic to the appropriate Wired or W ireless Station.
– Preferred BSS: It is enabled if you select the AP Client option. BSS
corresponds to the MAC Address of the desired AP.
Wireless Bridge: The Wireless Bridge can communicate with any W ireless Bridge
available in the same channel. When the Authorization Algorithm, is enabled, the
Wireless Bridge can communicate with any W ireless Bridge whose BSSID exists.
Note: The two Wireless Bridges must operate in the same channel and need to
connect the same Access Point.
– Authorized ： For security reasons the AP can use the Authorization Table
option. The AP allows/denies authentication only to stations with MAC
addresses contained in the Authorization List.
Wireless LAN Access Point
5) Security:
10
Wireless LAN Access Point
Type：Under “Auth.” the following five options are available:
– Open System : WEP is disable.
– Shard Key：If select “Shard Key”, the user needs to set the Default Key to be
used. Enable the WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) option in order to activate
WEP encryption for transmissions between the stations and the AP. WEP is an
authentication algorithm which protects authorized W ireless LAN users against
eavesdropping.
– Both Type：Mixed the “Open System” and “Shard Key” Environment.
– 802.1x With EAP：it is activated the 802.1x support of the AP and the stations
that will try to connect to this AP must support 802.1x as well.
Ø
ReAuthEnabled : Enable/Disable the ReAuthPeriod.
Ø
ReAuthPeriod : Set the time in seconds for the broadcast key renewal.
Ø
Radius IP : Set the IP address of the Radius Server.
Ø
Secret : Set the password used between the AP and the Radius Server.
11
Wireless LAN Access Point
Chapter
WEB Configuration
4.1 System
●
Requirements
1) Desktop PC or notebook PC with a web page browser.
2) The IP address of the AP.
3) The user name and password for configuring the AP.
4.2 Web Pages Overview
●
System
1) System Time
2) Administrator Settings
3) Firmware Upgrade
4) Configuration Tools
5) Status
6) System Log
7) Reset
●
LAN Wireless
1) IP Config
2) Wireless Operation
3) Authorized
4) Connect Client
5) Security
4.3 Configuration
In order to set Access Point you must connect to web. (Default IP: 192.168.1.1)
4.3.1 Beginning
In order to start using/configuring the AP you must enter a password to let you use it.
(Default no password)
12
Wireless LAN Access Point
4.3.2 System
4.3.2.1 System Time
Connecting to a Simple Network Time Protocol (SNTP) server allows the AP to synchronize
the system clock to the global Internet. The synchronized clock in the AP is used to record
the security log and control client filtering.
4.3.2.2 Administrator Settings
Set a password to restrict management access to the AP. If you want to manage the AP
from a remote location, (outside of the local network) you must also specify the IP address
of the remote PC.
4.3.2.3 Firmware Upgrade
Enter the path and name of the upgrade file then click the APPLY button below. You will be
prompted to confirm the upgrade
4.3.2.4 Configuration Tools
Use the "Backup Settings" tool to save the AP's current configuration to a file named
"config.bin" on your PC. You can then use the "Restore Settings" tool to restore the saved
configuration of the AP. Alternately, you can use the "Restore to Factory Defaults" tool to
force the AP to perform reset and restore the original factory settings
4.3.2.5 Status
You can use the Status screen to see the connection status for the APs' interfaces,
firmware and hardware version numbers, and the number of connected clients to your
network.
4.3.2.6 System Log
View any attempts that have been made to gain access to your network.
4.3.2.7 Reset
In the event that the AP stops responding correctly or in some way stops functioning, you
can perform a reset. Your settings will not be changed. To perform the reset, click on the
"Reset" button below. You will be asked to confirm your decision. The reset will be complete
when the power light stops blinking.
13
Wireless LAN Access Point
4.3.3 LAN Wireless
4.3.3.1 IP Config
The AP can be connected to your service provider in any of the following ways:
●
Dynamic IP Address: Obtain an IP address automatically from your service provider.
●
Static IP Address: Uses a static IP address. Your service provider gives a static IP address to
access Internet services.
4.3.3.2 Wireless Operation
You can configuration wireless settings about Channel ID, ESSID....etc.
Please review page 8, 9, 10 about the settings.
4.3.3.3 Authorized
You can block certain client PCs accessing the Internet based on MAC addresses.
14
Wireless LAN Access Point
4.3.3.4 Connect Client
The DHCP client list allows you to see which clients are connected to the AP via MAC
address.
4.3.3.5 Security
You can setting Encryption type and Authentication type ...etc.
Please review page 10, 11 about the settings.
4.3.4 Reset to default
If you forget the ip address of the Access Point, follow the procedure step by step to restore
the default ip address.
1) power on the Access Point, wait 1 minute.
2) Press and hold the reset button for at least 5 seconds. The wireless lan LED will be
turned off when the default action has been recognized.
3) Wait for 10 seconds so that AP can restore it’s default value.
4) reset the ap, the ip address of AP will be 192.168.1.1 right now.
15
Wireless LAN Access Point
Chapter
Technical Specification
●
Standard: IEEE 802.11b
●
Signal Type: DSSS (Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum)
●
Modulation: QPSK / BPSK / CCK
●
Frequency Band: 2.4 GHz
●
Channel: 11 Channels (US, Canada)
13 Channels (Europe)
14 Channels (Japan)
●
Data Rate: Up to 11Mbps
●
Data Encryption: 64 bit / 128 bit WEP Encryption
●
Transmission Range: Outdoor: 200M @10M
Indoor: 50M @10M
●
Compatibility: Windows 98 / Me / 2000 / XP
●
Operation Mode: AP / AP Client / Wireless Bridge
●
Port: One RJ 45
●
Ethernet Interface: IEEE802.3 / IEEE802.3u (10BASE-T / 100BASE-TX)
●
Antenna: External Dipole Antenna
●
LED Indicators: Power, Link Status, Activity Status
●
Power Consumption: Tx power consumption < 900mA
Rx power consumption < 600mA
●
AC Adapter: Input: AC 100-240V, 50-60Hz
Output: DC 5V /2A
●
Temperature: Operating: 0℃ to 45℃
Storage: -20℃ to 70℃
●
Humidity: 95% Non-Condensing
●
Storage Humidity: 0% to 95% Non-condensing
* Product specifications are subject to change without notice.
16
Wireless LAN Access Point
Chapter
Troubleshooting
This section provides solutions to problems usually encountered during the installation and
operation of this W ireless LAN Access Point. Read the description below to solve your
problems.
●
●
What does IEEE 802.11 feature support?
■
CSMA/CA plus Acknowledge Protocol
■
Multi-Channel Roaming
■
Automatic Rate Selection
■
RTS/CTS Feature
■
Fragmentation
■
Power Management
Can Wireless products support printer sharing?
Wireless products perform the same function as LAN products. Therefore, Wireless
products can work with Netware, W indows NT/2000, or other LAN operating systems to
support printer or file sharing.
●
Would the information be intercepted while transmitting on air?
WLAN features two-fold protection in security. On the hardware side, as with Direct
Sequence Spread Spectrum technology, it has the inherent security feature of
scrambling. On the software side, WLAN series offer the encryption function (WEP) to
enhance security and Access Control. Users can set it up depending upon their needs.
●
What is DSSS？What is FHSS? And what are their differences?
Frequency-hopping spread-spectrum (FHSS) uses a narrowband carrier that changes
frequency in a pattern that is known to both transmitter and receiver. Properly
synchronized, the net effect is to maintain a single logical channel.
To an unintended receiver, FHSS appears to be short-duration impulse noise. Directsequence spread-spectrum (DSSS) generates a redundant bit pattern for each bit to be
transmitted. This bit pattern is called a chip (or chipping code). The longer the chip is,
the greater the probability that the original data can be recovered. Even if one or more
bits in the chip are damaged during transmission, statistical techniques embedded in
the radio can recover the original data without-the need for retransmission.
To an unintended receiver, DSSS appears as low power wideband noise and is rejected
(ignored) by most narrowband receivers.
17
Wireless LAN Access Point
Chapter
Appendix
MAC Address
A unique 48-bit, hard-coded Media Access Control address known by the station identifier.
Regulatory domain
You need to select the Regulation Domain among the following options, FCC, ETSI, SPAIN,
DOC, SPAIN, FRANCE and MKK.
Ethernet IP Address
The IP Address of the AP. Network-assigned Internet protocol address of the Access Point.
Ethernet Subnet Mask
The Ethernet station and the Access Point must be on the same subnet. The IP address for
the Access Point must correspond to the Subnet Mask. Subnet Mask consists of four sets of
three digits that divides a network into sub-networks.
ESSID
Select the ESSID to be used. The ESSID (up to 32 printable ASCII characters) of the unit is
a string used to identify a WLAN. The ID prevents the unintentional merging of two colocated WLANs.
Wireless Channel
Select the channel to be used. The channels differ from country to country. There are 14
channels available.
WEP Key
The WEP key if the WEP option is enabled in order to activate WEP encryption for
transmissions between the stations and the Access Point.
WEP Type
The W ired Equivalent Privacy Algorithm (64 or 128 bits)
Wireless Fragmentation Threshold
The size at which packets will be fragmented. Choose a setting within a range of 256 to
2346 bytes. This is the option for the Fragmentation Threshold activation.
Wireless RTS Threshold
Minimum packet size to require an RTS (Request To Send). For packets smaller than this
threshold, an RTS is not sent and the packet is transmitted directly to the WLAN. This is the
option for the RTS Threshold activation.
18
Wireless LAN Access Point
WEP Keys#1-#4The default key to be used. May be edited only if WEP type is 64 bits.
Preamble Type
Select Short or Long Preamble Type. Preamble is the first sub field of PPDU, which is the
appropriate frame format for transmission to PHY. (Physical Layer) There are two options,
Short Preamble and Long Preamble. The Short Preamble option improves throughput
performance.
Operational Rate Set
By default the unit adaptively selects the highest possible ate for transmission. In case of
obstacles or interference, the system will step down. Select the basic rates to be used
among the following options 1 , 2 , 5.5 , 11 Mbps.
Beacon Period
Set the Beacon Period parameter, which specifies the duration between the range 20-1000
with a typical value of 100.
Operational Mode
Set one of the following operational modes on the AP: Access Point / Access Point Client /
Wireless Bridge.
Gateway IP Address
Network Gateway
DHCP Client
Enable/Disable automatic IP address assignment by the DHCP server Primary Port:
Determines the Access Point’s MAC and IP Address.
BSSID
Remote MAC Address for connection, in W ireless Bridge Operational modes.
WEP 128 keys #1-#4
The default key that will be used. May be edited if WEP type is 128 bits.
19
Wireless LAN Access Point
Chapter
Glossary
Ad-Hoc Mode - A client setting that provides independent peer-to-peer connectivity in a
wireless LAN. An alterative setup is where PCs communicate with each other through an
access point. An Ad-hoc integrated wireless LAN is a group of computers, each has a
Wireless LAN adapter, Connected as an independent wireless LAN. Ad hoc wireless LAN is
applicable at a departmental scale for a branch or SOHO operation.
Bandwidth - The transmission capacity of a given facility, in terms of how much data the
facility can transmit in a fixed amount of time; expressed in bits per second (bps).
Bit - A binary digit. The value (0 or 1) used in the binary numbering system. Also, the
smallest form of data.
BSS ID - A specific Ad hoc LAN is called a Basic Service Set (BSS). Computers in a BSS
must be configured with the same BSS ID.
Default Gateway - The routing device used to forward all traffic that is not addressed to a
station within the local subnet.
DHCP server and client - DHCP stands for Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol. This
protocol is designed to automatically load parameters for the TCP/IP network, including the
IP address, host name, domain name, net-mask, default gateway, and name server address.
The machine that provides this service is called the DHCP server, and its client computers
are called DHCP clients. If client computers support DHCP, a TCP/IP configuration is not
needed on each client computer.
Domain - A sub-network comprised of a group of clients and servers under the control of
one security database. Dividing LANs into domains improves performance and security.
Driver - A workstation or server software module that provides an interface between a
network interface card and the upper-layer protocol software running in the computer; it is
designed for a specific NIC, and is installed during the initial installation of a networkcompatible client or server operating system.
DSSS (Direct-Sequencing Spread-Spectrum) - DSSS operate over the radio airwaves in
the unlicensed ISM band (industrial, scientific, medical). DSSS uses a radio transmitter to
spread data packets over a fixed range of frequency band.
20
Wireless LAN Access Point
Encryption - A security method that applies a specific algorithm to data in order to alter the
data's appearance and prevent other devices from reading the information.
Ethernet - The most widely used LAN access method, which is defined by the IEEE 802.3
standard. Ethernet is normally a shared media LAN meaning all devices on the network
segment share total bandwidth. Ethernet networks operate at 10Mbp using CSMA/CD to run
over 10Base T cables.
Firmware - Program that is inserted into programmable read-only memory (programmable
read-only memory), thus becoming a permanent part of a computing device.
Fragmentation Threshold Value - Indicates how much of the network resources is devoted
to recovering packet errors. The value should remain at its default setting of 2,432. If you
experience high packet error rates, you can decrease this value but it will likely decrease
overall network performance. Only minor modifications of this value are recommended.
Fragmentation - Breaking a packet into smaller units when transmitting over a network
medium that cannot support the original size of the packet.
IEEE - The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
IEEE 802.11b standard - The IEEE 802.11b W ireless LAN standards subcommittee
formulating standards for the industry. The objective is to enable wireless LAN hardware
from different manufacturers to communicate.
Infrastructure Mode - A client setting providing connectivity to an Access Point. As
compared to Ad-Hoc Mode where PCs communicate directly with each other clients set in
infrastructure Mode all pass data through a central Access Point. The Access Point not only
mediates Wireless network traffic in the immediate neighborhood but also pro-vides
communication with the wired network. An integrated wireless and wireless and wired LAN
is called an Infrastructure configuration. Infrastructure is applicable to enterprise scale for
wireless access to central database, or wireless application for mobile workers.
IP Address - An IP address is a 32-bit number that identifies each sender & receiver of
information that is sent across the Internet. An IP address has two parts: the identifier of a
particular network on the Internet and one identifier of a particular device (which can be a
server or a workstation within that network).
ISM band - The FCC and their counterparts outside of the U.S. have set aside bandwidth
for unlicensed use in the ISM (Industrial, Scientific and Medical) band. Spectrum in the
vicinity of 2.4 GHz, in particular, is being made available worldwide. This presents a truly
revolutionary opportunity to place convenient high-speed wireless capabilities in the hands
of users around the globe.
21
Wireless LAN Access Point
LAN - A local area network (LAN) is a group of computers and associated devices that
share a common communications line and typically share the resources of a single
processor or server within a small geographic area (for example, within an office building).
MAC Address – A 12-digit hexadecimal number that identifies a networking product on the
network.
Mbps (Megabits per second) - One million bits per second; unit of measurement for data
transmission.
Network - A system that transmits any combination of voice, video and/or data between
users.
Node - A network junction or connection point, typically a computer or work station.
Open System - Is when the sender and the recipient do not share a secret key. Each party
generates its own key-pair and asks the receiver to accept the (usually randomly) generated
key. Once accepted, this key is used for a short time only; then a new key is generated and
agreed upon.
Packet - A unit of data routed between an origin and a destination in a network.
PCMCIA - Personal Computer Memory Card International Association
Plug and Play - The ability of a computer system to configure expansion boards and other
devices automatically without requiring the user to turn off the system during installation.
Roaming - The ability to use a wireless device and be able to move from one access point's
range to another without losing the connection.
RTS/CTS Threshold Value - Should remain at its default setting of 2,347. A preamble is a
signal used to synchronize the transmission timing between two or more systems. A series
of transmission pulses is sent before the data to indicate that “someone is about transmit
data.” This ensures that systems receiving the information correctly when the data
transmission starts.
Shared Key - Is when both the sender and recipient share a secret key. Both units use this
key for an extended length of time, sometimes indefinitely. Any eavesdropper that discovers
the key may decipher all packets until the key is changed.
22
Wireless LAN Access Point
Signal Strength - The signal level indicates the strength of the signal as received at the
wireless network interface.
SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) - A standard network protocol that can be
used to manage networks locally, or worldwide via the Internet.
Spread Spectrum - Spread Spectrum technology is a wideband radio frequency technique
developed by the military for use in reliable, secure, mission-critical communication systems.
It is designed to trade off bandwidth efficiency for reliability, integrity, and security. In other
words, more bandwidth is consumed than in the case of narrowband transmission, but the
trade off produces a signal that is, in effect, louder and thus easier to detect, provided that
the receiver knows the parameters of the spread-spectrum signal being broadcast. If a
receiver is not tuned to the right frequency, a spread – spectrum signal looks like
background noise. There are two main alternatives, Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum
(DSSS) and Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS).
SSID (Service Set Identifier) - Is the unique name shared among all points in a wireless
network. The SSID must be identical for all points in the network. It is case sensitive and
must not exceed 32 characters.
Static IP Address - A permanent IP address that is assigned to a node in an IP or a TCP/IP
network.
Subnet - A subnet is a logical sub-division of a Local Area Network that has been divided
by means of routers or gateways. A subnet may include multiple LAN segments. Each
subnet is identified by the Subnet Mask.
TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) - The basic communication
language or protocol of the Internet. It can also be used as a communications protocol in a
private network (either an intranet or an extranet). When you are set up with direct access
to the Internet, your computer is provided with a copy of the TCP/IP program just as every
other computer that you may send messages to or get information from also has a copy of
TCP/IP.
WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) - A data privacy mechanism based on a 40 bit shared key
algorithm, as described in the IEEE 802 .11 standard. The optional cryptographic
confidentiality algorithm specified by IEEE 802.11 used to provide data confidentiality that is
subjectively equivalent to the confidentiality of a wired LAN medium that does not employ
cryptographic techniques to enhance privacy.
Windows workgroup - A Windows workgroup can consist of either wireless or wired
network connections or a combination of the two. Usually a W indows workgroup consists of
members who are related because of a shared function, e.g. members of the same
department. For a W indows workgroup it is not relevant where the workgroup participants
are located, since the members of a W indows workgroup are identified by their workgroup
name only.
23

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