Proxim Wireless S58-12 User Manual Reply to request 10789 Attachment 4

Proxim Wireless Corporation Reply to request 10789 Attachment 4

Contents

Reply to request 10789 Attachment 4

INSTALLATION ANDMAINTENANCE MANUALETHERNET BRIDGESPREAD SPRECTRUM RADIOS(2.4 AND 5.8 GHz)
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOSSEPTEMBER 1999iInstallation and Maintenance ManualCopyright © 1999 by Glenayre Western Multiplex. All rights reserved. No part of this manualmay be reproduced without prior written permission from Glenayre Western Multiplex.The information contained in this manual is subject to change without notice. GlenayreWestern Multiplex shall not be liable for errors contained herein or for incidental orconsequential damages in connection with the furnishing, performance, or use of thismanual or equipment supplied with this manual. Glenayre Western Multiplex makes nowarranty of any kind with regard to this manual or any equipment supplied with this manual,including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for aparticular purpose.Heliax is a registered product of Andrews Corporation.Printed in the United States of AmericaNotice: Y2K (Year 2000 Issue)All software supplied by and for Glenayre Western Multiplex products adheres to the four-(4) digit year nomenclature as required for Year 2000 compliance.Glenayre Western Multiplex1196 Borregas AvenueSunnyvale, CaliforniaUSATel: +1 408 542-5200Fax:: +1 408 542-5300Our facility has been Registered to the International Organization for StandardizationISO 9000 Series Standards for quality.Issue: September 1999
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INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOSSEPTEMBER 1999iiiRegulatory NoticeThis equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a class B digital device,pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protectionagainst harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses and canradiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, maycause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interferencewill not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio ortelevision reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user isencouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:* Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.* Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.* Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver isconnected.* Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.Shielded cables and I/O cords must be used for this equipment to comply with the relevant FCCregulations.Changes or modifications not expressly approved in writing by Glenayre Western Multiplex may voidthe user's authority to operate this equipment.This device complies with RSS-210 and/or RSS-139 of Industry Canada. Operation is subject to thefollowing two conditions: (1) this device may not cause interference, and (2) this device must acceptany interference, including interference that may cause undesired operation of the device.This device must be professionally installed.
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INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOSSEPTEMBER 1999vW/CS97-1GENERAL TERMS1.1 All Definitions contained in Glenayre Western Multiplex'sConditions of Sale (Glenayre Western Multiplex document numberCS96-8), apply to the Warranty.1.2 Subject to the provisions of the Warranty, Glenayre WesternMultiplex warrants that the equipment described in Paragraph 1.3shall conform to their specifications described in Paragraph 1.4 inall material respects and that the equipment shall be free frommaterial defects in materials and workmanship.1.3 This Warranty applies to all original purchases of GlenayreWestern Multiplex manufactured equipment and accessories(collectively the "Equipment").1.4 This Warranty applies to the specifications contained in the mostrecent version of the manual for the model of the Equipmentpurchased (the "Specifications").1.5 This Warranty does not apply to the following items of Equipmentwhich are covered by the Original Equipment Manufacturer'swarranty:(a) antenna systems, including coax cable, waveguide, connectorsflex-sections, mounts, other parts of the antenna system andinstallation materials;(b) non-Glenayre Western Multiplex manufactured rack mountedequipment that is assembled wired and tested at GlenayreWestern Multiplex's factory or supplied as part of a system,including orderwire items, channel banks, multiplexers,fuse/alarm panels, remote alarm items; and(c) equipment which is not listed in Glenayre Western Multiplex'sprice book.1.6 The effective period of this Warranty shall start on the date ofshipment of the Equipment and shall end:(a) for all spread spectrum unlicensed radio products and for alllicensed digital microwave radio products, two (2) years later;(b) for all analog microwave radio products, three (3) years later; or(c) for all baseband products, five (5) years later (in each case the"Warranty Period").1.7 The Customer acknowledges that Glenayre Western Multiplexdoes not represent or warrant that the services provided byGlenayre Western Multiplex under this Warranty will ensureuninterrupted or error-free operation of the Equipment.RETURN OF EQUIPMENT UNDER WARRANTY2.1 If an item of Equipment malfunctions or fails in normal intendedusage and maintenance within the applicable Warranty Period:(a) the Customer shall promptly notify Glenayre Western Multiplexof the problem and the serial number of the defective item;(b) Glenayre Western Multiplex shall, at its sole option, eitherresolve the problem over the telephone or provide the Customerwith a Returned Materials Authorization number (RMA #) andthe address of the location to which the Customer may ship thedefective item;(c) if the problem is not resolved over the telephone, the Customershall attach a label to each Returned item describing the faultand the Customer's Return address. The Customer shall, at itscost, properly pack the item to be Returned, prepay theinsurance and shipping charges, and ship the item to thespecified location;(d) if the Glenayre Western Multiplex product shall prove to bedefective in material or workmanship upon examination byGlenayre Western Multiplex, Glenayre Western Multiplex shalleither repair or replace the Returned item at its sole option. Thereplacement item may be new or refurbished; if refurbished, itshall be equivalent in operation to new Equipment. If aReturned item is replaced by Glenayre Western Multiplex, theCustomer agrees that the Returned item shall become theproperty of Glenayre Western Multiplex.(e) Glenayre Western Multiplex shall at its cost, ship the repaireditem or replacement to any destination within the United Statesof America by carrier and method of delivery chosen byGlenayre Western Multiplex. If the Customer has requestedsome other form of conveyance, such as express shipping, or islocated beyond the USA borders, then the Customer shall payto the cost of return shipment.2.2 Equipment which is repaired or replaced by Glenayre WesternMultiplex under this Warranty shall be covered under all of theprovisions of this Warranty for the remainder of the applicableWarranty Period or ninety (90) days from the date of shipment ofthe repaired item or replacement, whichever period is longer.DEFAULT AND TERMINATION3.1 Glenayre Western Multiplex may immediately terminate thisWarranty and all of its performance under this Warranty, uponnotification to the Customer, if the Customer:(a) makes any unauthorized modifications to the Equipment;(b) assigns or transfers the Customer's rights or obligations underthis Warranty without the written consent of Glenayre WesternMultiplex;(c) becomes bankrupt or insolvent, or is put into receivership; or(d) has not paid Glenayre Western Multiplex all amounts for theEquipment, services, or other additional charges within thirty(30) days of receipt of written notice from Glenayre WesternMultiplex.3.2 If this Warranty is terminated by Glenayre Western Multiplex, theCustomer shall remain liable for all amounts due to GlenayreWestern Multiplex.FORCE MAJEURE4.1 "Force Majeure" has the same meaning as defined in GlenayreWestern Multiplex's Conditions of Sale (Glenayre WesternMultiplex document number CS96-8).4.2 Glenayre Western Multiplex shall not be responsible for failure todischarge its obligations under this Warranty due to ForceMajeure.LIMITATIONS AND QUALIFICATIONS OF WARRANTY5.1 This Warranty does not apply to any damage, defect or failurecaused by:(a) any part of the Equipment having been modified, adapted,repaired, or improperly installed, operated, maintained, transportedor relocated by any person other than Glenayre Western Multiplexpersonnel or a Glenayre Western Multiplex authorized serviceagent, without Glenayre Western Multiplex's prior written consent;(b) storage or environmental conditions which do not conform to theapplicable sections of the appropriate Glenayre Western MultiplexEquipment Manual;(c) failure to conform with the Equipment Installation, Operating andMaintenance Instructions of the appropriate Glenayre WesternMultiplex Equipment Manual;(d) external causes, including external electrical stress or lightning, oruse in conjunction with incompatible equipment, unless such usewas with Glenayre Western Multiplex's prior written consent;(e) cosmetic damage;(f) accidental damage, negligence, neglect, mishandling, abuse ormisuse, other than by Glenayre Western Multiplex personnel or aGlenayre Western Multiplex authorized service agent; or(g) Force Majeure.Please see reverse side for additional limitations on damages.WARRANTY
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOS SEPTEMBER 1999W/CS97-1 viLIMITATIONS ON DAMAGES (North America)6.1 THE WARRANTY STATED IN THIS DOCUMENT ISTHE CUSTOMER'S EXCLUSIVE WARRANTY FOR THEEQUIPMENT; GLENAYRE WESTERN MULTIPLEXSPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS ALL OTHERWARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED,INCLUDING ANY WARRANTIES OF FITNESS FOR APARTICULAR PURPOSE AND OF MERCHANTABILITY.6.2 GLENAYRE WESTERN MULTIPLEX SHALL NOT BELIABLE IN TORT, INCLUDING LIABILITY INNEGLIGENCE OR STRICT LIABILITY, AND SHALLHAVE NO LIABILITY AT ALL FOR INJURY TOPERSONS OR PROPERTY. GLENAYRE WESTERNMULTIPLEX'S LIABILITY FOR FAILURE TO FULFIL ITSOBLIGATIONS UNDER THIS WARRANTY OR ANYOTHER LIABILITY UNDER OR IN CONNECTION WITHTHE EQUIPMENT SHALL BE LIMITED TO THEAMOUNT OF THE PURCHASE PRICE OF THEEQUIPMENT. THE REMEDIES STATED IN THISWARRANTY ARE THE CUSTOMER'S EXCLUSIVEREMEDIES AGAINST GLENAYRE WESTERNMULTIPLEX REGARDING THE EQUIPMENT.6.3 EVEN IF GLENAYRE WESTERN MULTIPLEX HASBEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF THEM,GLENAYRE WESTERN MULTIPLEX SHALL NOT BELIABLE FOR ANY INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIALOR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, INCLUDING THECOST OF LABOR BY THE CUSTOMER'S OWNEMPLOYEES, AGENTS OR CONTRACTORS INIDENTIFYING, REMOVING OR REPLACING THEDEFECTIVE ITEM; LOST PROFITS, AND REVENUES;FAILURE TO REALIZE EXPECTED SAVINGS; ANYCLAIM AGAINST A CUSTOMER BY A THIRD PARTY;OR ANY OTHER COMMERCIAL OR ECONOMICLOSSES OF ANY KIND.6.4 THESE LIMITATIONS AND DISCLAIMERS ARE NOTMADE BY GLENAYRE WESTERN MULTIPLEX WHEREPROHIBITED BY LAW.LIMITATIONS ON DAMAGES (International)6.1 THE WARRANTY STATED IN THIS DOCUMENT ISTHE CUSTOMER'S EXCLUSIVE WARRANTY FOR THEEQUIPMENT; ALL OTHER WARRANTIES OF ANYKIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING ANYWARRANTIES OF FITNESS FOR A PARTICULARPURPOSE AND OF MERCHANTABILITY AREEXCLUDED TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTEDBY LAW.6.2 GLENAYRE WESTERN MULTIPLEX'S LIABILITY FORFAILURE TO FULFIL ITS OBLIGATIONS UNDER THISWARRANTY OR IN TORT OR AS A RESULT OFSTRICT LIABILITY OR ANY OTHER LIABILITY UNDEROR IN CONNECTION WITH THE EQUIPMENT OR ITSSUPPLY SHALL BE LIMITED, EXCEPT IN RESPECTOF DEATH AND PERSONAL INJURY CAUSED BYGLENAYRE WESTERN MULTIPLEX'S NEGLIGENCE,TO THE AMOUNT OF THE PURCHASE PRICE OF THEEQUIPMENT. THE REMEDIES STATED IN THISWARRANTY ARE THE CUSTOMER'S EXCLUSIVEREMEDIES AGAINST GLENAYRE WESTERNMULTIPLEX REGARDING THE EQUIPMENT.6.3 EVEN IF GLENAYRE WESTERN MULTIPLEX HASBEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF THEM,GLENAYRE WESTERN MULTIPLEX SHALL NOT BELIABLE FOR ANY INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIALOR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, INCLUDING THECOST OF LABOR BY THE CUSTOMER'S OWNEMPLOYEES, AGENTS OR CONTRACTORS INIDENTIFYING, REMOVING OR REPLACING THEDEFECTIVE ITEM; LOST PROFITS, AND REVENUES;FAILURE TO REALIZE EXPECTED SAVINGS; ANYCLAIM AGAINST A CUSTOMER BY A THIRD PARTY;OR ANY OTHER COMMERCIAL OR ECONOMICLOSSES OF ANY KIND.
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOSSEPTEMBER 1999vii W/CS97-1DEFINITIONS1.1 In these Conditions, unless there is something in the subjectmatter or context necessarily inconsistent:(a) "Glenayre Western Multiplex" means Glenayre Western Multiplex(d.b.a. Glenayre Western Multiplex), Sunnyvale, CA;(b) "Equipment" means the equipment itemized on theQuotation/Order Acknowledgment;(c) "International" means any location other than United States ofAmerica and Canada, including their territories and possessions;(d) "North America" means any location in the United States ofAmerica and Canada, including their territories and possessions;(e) "Order Acknowledgment" means the sales order acknowledgmentprovided by Glenayre Western Multiplex to the Customer;(f) "Payment Instructions" means Glenayre Western Multiplex'spayment instructions, (Glenayre Western Multiplex documentP197-1);(g) "Quotation" means the quotation signed by an authorizedrepresentative of Glenayre Western Multiplex and provided to theCustomer;(h) "Shipping Date" means the actual date on which the Equipmentleft Glenayre Western Multiplex's factory at Sunnyvale, CA, U.S.A.;(i) "Warranty" means Glenayre Western Multiplex's warranty,document W97-1;(j) "Invoice" means the bill of goods prepared by Glenayre WesternMultiplex for the equipment with the shipping and any insurancecosts.1.2 Headings have been inserted in these Conditions for convenienceof reference only and will not effect their construction.ENTIRE AGREEMENT2.1 The Quotation, these Conditions of Sale, the OrderAcknowledgment, the Payment Instructions and the Warranty shallapply to all sales made by Glenayre Western Multiplex and shallconstitute the entire agreement by Glenayre Western Multiplex andthe Customer (the "Agreement ").2.2 Any terms and/or conditions of sale, which may be included on theCustomer's purchase order form or any communication from theCustomer, that are not identical with the terms and conditionssteed in this document shall NOT become a part of the agreementof sale unless expressly agreed to in writing in the Quotation.2.3 Glenayre Western Multiplex's failure to object to any terms and/orconditions of sale contained in any communication from theCustomer shall not be considered as acceptance of such termsand/or conditions or as a waiver of the terms and conditions of salecontained herein.2.4 Glenayre Western Multiplex shall sell to the Customer, and theCustomer shall purchase from Glenayre Western Multiplex, theEquipment in accordance with the Agreement. Glenayre WesternMultiplex accepts the Customer's purchase orders for Equipmentand agrees to deliver the Equipment to the Customer only on theterms of the Agreement.2.5 No variation of the Agreement shall be binding unless agreed to inwriting by authorized representatives of Glenayre WesternMultiplex and the Customer.PRICING3.1 All prices in the Quotation are exclusive of all shipping chargesand all applicable taxes including but not limited to, federal, state,local, excise, sales and use taxes.3.2 All prices in the Quotation unless otherwise stated:(a) for North American customers are FOB Sunnyvale, CA,USA. (New York Uniform Commercial Code); or(b) for international customers are Ex-Works, Sunnyvale, CA,U.S.A. (Incoterms 1990).3.3 All prices in the Quotation include standard domestic packing,unless a separate line item is provided detailing export or specialpacking charges.SHIPPING AND INSURANCE4.1 Glenayre Western Multiplex shall arrange shipping and insurancewhen requested by the Customer, and shall bill the Customer forthe Equipment with the shipping and any insurance costs asseparate items, on an invoice (the "Invoice").4.2 Delivery dates quoted by Glenayre Western Multiplex are to beconsidered estimates only. In no event will Glenayre WesternMultiplex be liable for any loss or damage resulting from its failureto deliver products within a specified time.TERMS OF PAYMENT5.1 The Customer shall pay for all Equipment, including shipping andinsurance in accordance with the terms of the Invoice.5.2 All Invoices for North American Customers are due and payable inthirty (30) days from the date of the Invoice.5.3 International Customers shall make payments in accordance withGlenayre Western Multiplex's Payment Instructions by either:(a) providing a wire transfer (telegraphic transfer) for the full amount ofthe Equipment, shipping and insurance charges contained in theQuotation or the pro-forma Invoice sent to the Customer, prior tothe Shipping Date; or(b) establishing an acceptable Letter of Credit (LC) for the full amountof the Equipment, shipping and insurance charges contained in theQuotation prior to the order being booked and accepted byGlenayre Western Multiplex.5.4 If a Customer fails to pay an Invoice when due, Glenayre WesternMultiplex may, without prejudice to am other remedy, postponeshipments, alter payment terms, terminate the Agreement andcharge interest on all overdue amounts the rate of 1.5% per monthcompounded monthly (or if less, the maximum allowed by law).Upon demand, the Customer shall pay all such interest chargesand all reasonable collection fees, including reasonable legalexpenses.SECURITY FOR PAYMENT6.1 If the Customer is located in North America, the Customer grantsto Glenayre Western Multiplex a purchase money security interestin the Equipment to secure the payment of the purchase price ofthe Equipment and all other amounts due from the Customer.6.2 If the Customer is not located in North America:(a) despite delivery and passing of risk in the Equipment and anyother provision of these Conditions, the title in the Equipment shallnot pass to the Customer until Glenayre Western Multiplex hasreceived payment in full of the purchase price of the Equipmentand all other amounts then due from the Customer, and(b) until the title in the Equipment passes to the Customer:(i) the Customer shall hold the equipment as Glenayre WesternMultiplex 's fiduciary agent and bailee, and shall properly store,protect and insure the Equipment and shall identify the Equipmentas Glenayre Western Multiplex property;(ii) if the Customer fails to pay Glenayre Western Multiplex inaccordance with the agreed payment terms, Glenayre WesternMultiplex may require the Customer to deliver up the Equipment toGlenayre Western Multiplex, and, if the Customer does not,Glenayre Western Multiplex may enter on the premises where theEquipment is stored and repossess the Equipment; and(iii) the Customer shall not pledge the Equipment by way of security forany, indebtedness of the Customer, but if the Customer does so allmoneys owed by the Customer to Glenayre Western Multiplexshall, without prejudice to any other remedy of Glenayre WesternMultiplex, immediately become due.CHANGES TO PRODUCT SPECIFICATIONS7.1 Glenayre Western Multiplex may, without notice to the Customer,make changes to the specifications of Equipment which do notmaterially affect the quality or performance of the Equipment.EQUIPMENT CONFIGURATION AND EXPEDITING CHARGES8.1 At the Customer's request, Glenayre Western Multiplex may, for afee agreed in advance:(a) reconfigure the Equipment; or(b) expedite the Customer's order.CONDITIONS OF SALE
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOS SEPTEMBER 1999W/CS97-1 viiiSHORTAGES9.1 The customer shall not make any claim for shortages (which areitems that the Invoice does not show are on back-order) aftertwenty-one (21) days after the date of the Invoice.RETURNS AND EXCHANGES10.1 The return of defective Equipment is covered by the Warranty .10.2 The Customer may only return Equipment that is not defective if:(a) the Equipment does not correspond with the Customer's purchaseorder; or(b) the Equipment has been ordered in error by the Customer andGlenayre Western Multiplex has permitted the Customer to remedythe mistake by ordering the correct equipment and resuming theEquipment and the Customer obtains a Returned MaterialsAuthorization number ("RMA #") from Glenayre Western Multiplexprior to returning any Equipment.10.3 Glenayre Western Multiplex reserves the right to charge a fee forreturned equipment under Subparagraph 10.2(b) with the amountof the fee being determined prior to an RMA # being given byGlenayre Western Multiplex.10.4 Authorized returns of equipment under Paragraph 10.2 must be inan undamaged condition, in the original configuration, in theoriginal packing materials and within a time period agreed to whenthe RMA # was issued.10.5 If the Customer does not comply with the provisions of Paragraphs10.2, 10.3, and 10.4, the Customer shall pay the full amount of theInvoice.10.6 The party liable for all shipping, insurance and any other expensesincurred by the Customer in returning the Equipment underParagraph 10.2 and for all loss or damage to the Equipment untilreceived by Glenayre Western Multiplex, shall be: (a) for all itemsreturned under Subparagraph 10.2(a), Glenayre Western Multiplexand (b) for all items resumed under Subparagraph 10.2(b), theCustomer.CANCELLATION11.1 If the Customer cancels an order before the Shipping Date,Glenayre Western Multiplex reserves the right to charge theCustomer a cancellation charge up to 100% of the amount of theorder.11.2 The Customer shall pay all cancellation charges within thirty (30)days from date of the Invoice.FORCE MAJEURE12.1 Glenayre Western Multiplex shall not be liable if its performance ofthe Agreement becomes commercially impractical due to anycontingency beyond Glenayre Western Multiplex's reasonablecontrol, including acts of God, fires, floods, wars, sabotage, civilunrest, accidents, labor disputes or shortages, government laws,rules and regulations, whether valid or invalid, inability to obtainmaterial, equipment or transportation, incorrect, delayed orincomplete specifications, drawings or data supplied by theCustomer or others (collectively "Force Majeure"). In no event ofForce Majeure shall Glenayre Western Multiplex be required topurchase goods from others to enable it to deliver the Equipmentunder the Agreement.ENGINEERING AND SYSTEM DESIGN13.1 The Customer is solely responsible for the engineering, design,integration and normal preventative and remedial maintenance ofthe Customer's system for which Glenayre Western Multiplexsupplies Equipment.13.2 Glenayre Western Multiplex is not responsible for the satisfactoryoperation of the Equipment in conjunction with othermanufacturer's equipment, nor for any losses which may occur asa result of a failure of the Equipment to operate in conjunction withother manufacturer's equipment.WARRANTY14.1 All Equipment is covered by the Warranty.14.2 THE WARRANTY CONTAINS LlMITATIONS ON THECUSTOMER'S RIGHTS AND REMEDIES AGAINST GLENAYREWESTERN MULTIPLEX UNDER THE AGREEMENT.THE CUSTOMER ACKNOWLEDGES HAVING READ,UNDERSTOOD AND AGREED TO THOSE LIMITATIONS.DAMAGES FOR BREACH OF AGREEMENT15.1 If either party is successful in any litigation between the partiesbased on the Agreement, the successful party shall recover fromthe other, in addition to direct damages, the successful party'sreasonable attorney's fees and other costs of litigation.INSOLVENCY OF CUSTOMER, ETC.16.1 Glenayre Western Multiplex may cancel the Agreement andsuspend any further deliveries under the Agreement without anyliability to the Customer, and, if Equipment has been delivered butnot paid for, the price shall become immediately due and payabledespite any other agreement to the contrary if:(a) any proceedings in bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership orliquidation are taken against the Customer;(b) the Customer makes an assignment for the benefit ofcreditors or commits an act of bankruptcy or insolvency;(c) the Customer ceases, or threatens to cease, to carry on theordinary course of its business, or transfers all or substantially allof its property;(d) the Equipment is seized under any legal process orconfiscated; or(e) Glenayre Western Multiplex in good faith believes that theability of the Customer to pay or perform any provision of theAgreement is impaired, or that any of the events mentioned aboveis about to occur.NOTICE17.1 All requests, instructions and notices from one party to the othermust be in writing and may be given via registered post orfacsimile transmission to the address of the parties shown on theQuotation or Order Acknowledgment.EXPORT PROVISIONS18.1 The Customer shall not, whether directly or indirectly (includingfacilitating a third party) export or re-export the Equipment outsidethe country in which the Customer has stated these items are to beused without obtaining the licenses required under ail applicablerules. The Customer shall indemnify Glenayre Western Multiplexagainst any liability incurred by Glenayre Western Multiplex due toany violation by the Customer of any of the provisions of thisSection, but this indemnity shall not apply if the Customerreasonably relies on information supplied to it by GlenayreWestern Multiplex with respect to export licenses. Upon receipt ofa governmental consent to export the receiving party shallimmediately notify the other in writing.MISCELLANEOUS19.1 No waiver by Glenayre Western Multiplex of any breach of thisAgreement shall be considered as a waiver of any subsequentbreach of the same or any other provision.19.2 Any provision of the Agreement which is, or is deemed to be,unenforceable in any jurisdiction shall be severable from theAgreement in that jurisdiction without in any way invalidating theremaining portions of the Agreement, and that unenforceabilityshall not make that provision unenforceable in any otherjurisdiction.19.3 The rights which accrue to Glenayre Western Multiplex by virtue ofthe Agreement shall inure for the benefit of and be binding uponthe successors and assigns of Glenayre Western Multiplex.19.4 The agreement shall be governed by the laws of the State ofCalifornia including the California Uniform Commercial Code.However Glenayre Western Multiplex may enforce the provisionsof the Agreement in accordance with the laws of the jurisdiction inwhich the Equipment is situated. The United Nations Conventionon the Sale of Goods (The Vienna Convention) shall not apply tothe Agreement.19.5 Les parties ont exigés que cette entente soit rédigée en anglais.
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOSSEPTEMBER 1999TOC & INTRODUCTION iTable of Contents1. HOW TO USE THIS MANUAL ....................................................................................................................1-11.1 MANUAL ORGANIZATION............................................................................................................................1-11.2 ICONS.......................................................................................................................................................... 1-22. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION ...........................................................................................................................2-12.1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION ............................................................................................................................ 2-12.2 SPECIFICATIONS .......................................................................................................................................... 2-22.2.1 Transmitter.........................................................................................................................................2-22.2.2 Antenna / Antenna Coupling Unit...................................................................................................... 2-32.2.3 Receiver..............................................................................................................................................2-32.2.4 System (Single Hop Performance) .....................................................................................................2-4System (Single Hop Performance) - continued ..................................................................................................2-62.2.5 Digital Line Interface......................................................................................................................... 2-72.2.6 Auxiliary Connections........................................................................................................................2-92.2.7 Temperature and Environment ........................................................................................................2-102.2.8 Power...............................................................................................................................................2-102.2.9 Regulatory Information....................................................................................................................2-112.2.10 Mechanical.......................................................................................................................................2-112.3 FRONT PANEL DESCRIPTION ..................................................................................................................... 2-122.3.1 General ............................................................................................................................................2-122.3.2 Test Points / Power Indicator ..........................................................................................................2-132.3.3 Alarm and Status Indicators ............................................................................................................ 2-142.3.4 Controls............................................................................................................................................2-152.3.5 Connections......................................................................................................................................2-162.4 REAR PANEL DESCRIPTION ....................................................................................................................... 2-172.4.1 RF Connection .................................................................................................................................2-182.4.2 DATA Connections...........................................................................................................................2-192.4.3 Auxiliary Data Connections.............................................................................................................2-192.4.4 Switches............................................................................................................................................2-202.5 INSTALLATION ACCESSORIES....................................................................................................................2-223. INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS............................................................................................................3-13.1 SHIPPING CONTAINER .................................................................................................................................3-13.2 PACKING ITEMS IDENTIFICATION ................................................................................................................ 3-23.3 BEFORE INSTALLATION TASK LIST.............................................................................................................. 3-33.3.1 Site Selection Requirements...............................................................................................................3-33.3.2 Line-of-Sight and Path Clearance Guidelines ...................................................................................3-43.3.3 RSL Calculation and Link Budget......................................................................................................3-53.3.4 Fade Margin Calculation...................................................................................................................3-63.3.5 Availability Calculation.....................................................................................................................3-73.3.6 Frequency Plan Determination..........................................................................................................3-83.3.7 Power Supply Planning......................................................................................................................3-93.3.8 Antenna Planning ............................................................................................................................ 3-103.4 TOOLS REQUIRED .....................................................................................................................................3-113.5 FREQUENCY CHANNEL PLANS .................................................................................................................. 3-123.6 MOUNTING THE TSUNAMI.......................................................................................................................... 3-133.7 POWER CONNECTION AND WIRING ...........................................................................................................3-14
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOS SEPTEMBER 1999 ii TOC & INTRODUCTION3.7.1 DC Power Wiring............................................................................................................................. 3-153.7.2 AC Power Connection......................................................................................................................3-173.8 ANTENNA CONNECTION............................................................................................................................ 3-183.9 TRANSMISSION LINE CONNECTION ...........................................................................................................3-193.10 ANTENNA INSTALLATION & ALIGNMENT..................................................................................................3-203.11 ETHERNET INTERFACE CONNECTION ........................................................................................................3-233.12 DIP SWITCH SETTINGS ............................................................................................................................. 3-243.12.1 Channel Selection ............................................................................................................................3-243.12.2 Spreading Code Selection................................................................................................................3-253.13 SYSTEM TURN-UP TO SERVICE..................................................................................................................3-263.13.1 Output Power Adjustment ................................................................................................................ 3-343.13.2 Link Testing......................................................................................................................................3-353.13.3 Error LED Mode Selection ..............................................................................................................3-363.14 ADDITIONAL CONNECTIONS ...................................................................................................................... 3-373.14.1 Orderwire Connection and Address Selection .......................................................................... 3-373.14.2 Alarm Connections...........................................................................................................................3-403.14.3 Diagnostics Port Operation.............................................................................................................3-423.14.4 AUX DATA (Digital Service Channel) Connection .........................................................................3-453.14.5 Fail-over option ...............................................................................................................................3-464. TROUBLESHOOTING...................................................................................................................................4-14.1 REGULAR MAINTENANCE ........................................................................................................................... 4-14.2 CHANGING FREQUENCY PLANS...................................................................................................................4-24.3 USING A SPARE TERMINAL.......................................................................................................................... 4-34.4 TECHNICAL SUPPORT.................................................................................................................................. 4-44.5 REPAIR POLICY ........................................................................................................................................... 4-54.6 FRONT PANEL STATUS LEDS...................................................................................................................... 4-64.6.1 BER (Bit Error Rate) Alarm............................................................................................................... 4-74.6.2 MUTE Alarm....................................................................................................................................4-104.6.3 RX SYNC (Receiver Synchronization) Alarm...................................................................................4-114.6.4 FAN Alarm.......................................................................................................................................4-124.6.5 RADIO FAIL Alarm .........................................................................................................................4-134.6.6 FAR END Alarm ..............................................................................................................................4-144.7 ERRORS IN THE DATA STREAM .................................................................................................................4-154.8 INTERFERENCE COUNTERMEASURES ........................................................................................................ 4-164.8.1 Use of a Spectrum Analyzer to Evaluate Potential Interference......................................................4-184.9 BACK-TO-BACK TESTING..........................................................................................................................4-194.10 LINK TESTING .........................................................................................................................................4-215. APPENDICES..................................................................................................................................................5-1APPENDIX A - DIGITAL INTERFACE SPECIFICATIONS............................................................................................... 5-11. General Characteristics.............................................................................................................................5-12. Specifications.............................................................................................................................................5-1APPENDIX B - REAR PANEL DIP SWITCHES............................................................................................................ 5-2APPENDIX C - REAR PANEL DATA CONNECTORS.................................................................................................... 5-6
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOSSEPTEMBER 1999TOC & INTRODUCTION iiiFiguresFIGURE 2-1: FRONT PANEL, 2.4 GHZ W/O T/E1 ......................................................................................................2-12FIGURE 2-2: FRONT PANEL, 5.8 GHZ W/O T/E1 ......................................................................................................2-12FIGURE 2-3: REAR PANEL......................................................................................................................................... 2-17FIGURE 3-1: CHANNEL PLAN, 2.4 GHZ (2 MBPS)..................................................................................................... 3-12FIGURE 3-2: CHANNEL PLAN, 5.8 GHZ (4 MBPS)..................................................................................................... 3-12FIGURE 3-3: NEGATIVE VOLTAGE DC CONNECTION ................................................................................................3-16FIGURE 3-4: POSITIVE VOLTAGE DC CONNECTION ..................................................................................................3-16FIGURE 3-5: AC CONNECTION..................................................................................................................................3-17FIGURE 3-6: TYPICAL RSL VOLTAGE VERSUS RECEIVED SIGNAL LEVEL (RSL).......................................................3-22FIGURE 3-7: SPREADING CODE SELECTION............................................................................................................... 3-25FIGURE 3-8: TYPICAL RF OUTPUT POWER VERSUS PWR VOLTAGE, 2.4 GHZ MODELS...........................................3-28FIGURE 3-9: TYPICAL RF OUTPUT POWER VERSUS PWR VOLTAGE, 5.8 GHZ MODELS...........................................3-29FIGURE 3-10: ERROR LED MODE SELECTION ..........................................................................................................3-36FIGURE 3-11: RJ-11 ORDERWIRE TELEPHONE CONNECTION .................................................................................... 3-38FIGURE 3-12: VF PORT CONNECTION....................................................................................................................... 3-39FIGURE 3-13: PIN CONNECTIONS, ALARM INTERFACE ...........................................................................................3-40FIGURE 3-14: DIAGNOSTIC PORT PROTOCOL SELECTION .......................................................................................... 3-42FIGURE 3-15: RS-232 DIAGNOSTIC PORT CONNECTIONS..........................................................................................3-43FIGURE 3-16: RS-422 DIAGNOSTIC PORT CONNECTIONS..........................................................................................3-44FIGURE 3-17: AUX DATA CABLE CONNECTION FOR REPEATER/HUB .................................................................... 3-45FIGURE 4-1: BACK-TO-BACK TEST CONFIGURATION ................................................................................................4-20FIGURE 4-2: END-TO-END TEST CONFIGURATION.....................................................................................................4-21FIGURE C-1: VF PORT CONNECTION ..........................................................................................................................5-6FIGURE C-2: ALARM PORT CONNECTIONS.................................................................................................................. 5-6FIGURE C-3: DIAGNOSTIC PORT 9-PIN D-STYLE CONNECTOR .................................................................................... 5-7FIGURE C-4: AUX DATA PORT 9-PIN D-STYLE CONNECTOR ...................................................................................5-7TablesTABLE 3-A: DC POWER CONNECTION FOR NEGATIVE SUPPLY................................................................................. 3-14TABLE 3-B: DC POWER CONNECTION FOR NEGATIVE SUPPLY................................................................................. 3-14TABLE 3-C: TRANSMITTER OUTPUT POWER ADJUSTMENT, +6 DBW EIRP INSTALLATIONS....................................3-32TABLE 3-D: TRANSMITTER OUTPUT POWER ADJUSTMENT FOR 2.4 GHZ, USA INSTALLATIONS.............................. 3-33TABLE 3-E: ALARM INTERFACE CONNECTIONS........................................................................................................3-41TABLE A-1: INTERCONNECTION SPECIFICATION .........................................................................................................5-1TABLE B-1: TSUNAMI 2.4 GHZ (~2 MBPS) SWITCH SETTINGS ...................................................................................5-3TABLE B-2: TSUNAMI 5.8 GHZ (~ 4 MBPS) SWITCH SETTINGS .................................................................................5-4TABLE B-3: TSUNAMI TBOS BIT MAP ....................................................................................................................... 5-5
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOSSEPTEMBER 1999SECTION 1: HOW TO USE THIS MANUAL PAGE 1-11. How to Use This Manual1.1 Manual OrganizationThe Installation and Maintenance Manual provides information required to install and maintainTsunami and to use its many features to the fullest advantage. This manual is divided into thefollowing sections:Section 1 Provides instructions on how to most effectively utilize the information inthis manual.Section 2 Provides a brief description and specifications of the Tsunami.Section 3 Explains the Tsunami installation and adjustments in detail.Section 4 Provides maintenance, repair and troubleshooting information for theTsunami Spread Spectrum radios.Appendices Charts and diagrams are provided for radio connections and DIP switchsettings along with other general information.This device must be professionally installed. Instructions onsetting the transmitter RF output power are contained inSection 3 of this Manual.This device is to be used exclusively for fixed point-to-pointoperation that employs directional antennas.
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOS SEPTEMBER 1999PAGE 1-2 SECTION 1: HOW TO USE THIS MANUAL1.2 IconsThroughout this manual, the following icons are used to highlight areas of special interest andimportance.Note Practical Tip Caution
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOSSEPTEMBER 1999SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION PAGE 2-12. Product Description2.1 General DescriptionThe Tsunami Spread Spectrum radios provide a new level of control and convenience in a digitalcommunications network.The Tsunami radios provide 10BaseT intelligent bridging between two locations without the delay andexpense of installing cable or traditional microwave.Because each owner controls the operation of the link, there is no reliance on any outside services.Tsunami radio operators are able to operate instant links whenever needed, and to be in control of theirown network.The Tsunami offers two primary benefits:❖ CONVENIENCE Easy to install and operate with no user licenserequirements or frequency coordination in the USA.(Other countries may require a user license and/orfrequency coordination).❖ CAPABILITY Full transparent Ethernet signals over any line-of-sightdistance (typically up to 50 miles, depending on terrain andgovernmental regulations).
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOS SEPTEMBER 1999PAGE 2-2 SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION2.2 SpecificationsAll specifications are subject to change without notice.2.2.1 TransmitterAll ModelsFrequency Selection Rear Panel DIP switches; 7-cavity RF filter assemblyModulation OQPSKCoding Direct SequenceNumber of Codes 4 (Rear Panel DIP switch selectable)2.4 GHzOutput Power (typ.) +27 dBmOutput Power (max.) +30 dBmControl Range 16 dB min.Frequency Range 2410-2473 MHz(occupies2400-2483.5 MHz)5.8 GHzOutput Power (typ.) +20 dBmOutput Power (max.) +23 dBmControl Range 20 dB min.Frequency Range 5741-5834 MHz (occupies5725-5850 MHz)
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOSSEPTEMBER 1999SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION PAGE 2-32.2.2 Antenna / Antenna Coupling UnitAll ModelsMechanics External antennaAntenna Connection N-type femaleImpedance 50 ohms2.4 GHz 5.8 GHzRecommended 4, 6, or 8 foot 2, 4, 6, or 8 footAntenna (not included) parabolic parabolic & flat panelGain & Beamwidth (3 dB)2 ft Antenna N/A 29 dB / 6°4 ft Antenna 27 dB / 7° 35 dB / 3°6 ft Antenna 31 dB / 5° 38 dB / 2°8 ft Antenna 33.5 dB / 3.5° 41 dB / 1.5°2.2.3 ReceiverAll ModelsNominal Receive Level -30 to -60 dBmMaximum Receive Level 0 dBm error free, +10 dBm no damageFrequency Selection Rear Panel DIP switches, 7-cavity RF filter assemblyProcessing Gain 10 dB minimum2.4 GHz (~2 Mbps) 2.4 GHz (~8 Mbps)Threshold Rx Level -93 dBm -88 dBm(BER = 10-6)Frequency Range 2400 - 2400 -2483.5 MHz 2483.5 MHz5.8 GHz 5.8 GHz 5.8 GHz 5.8GHz 5.8GHz (~2 Mbps) (~4 Mbps) (~8Mbps) (~12Mbps) (~25Mbps)Threshold Rx Level -92 dBm -90 dBm -88 dBm -86 dBm -84 dBm(BER = 10-6)Frequency Range 5725 - 5725 - 5725 - 5725 - 5725 -5850 MHz 5850 MHz 5850 MHz 5850 MHz 5850 MHz
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOS SEPTEMBER 1999PAGE 2-4 SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION2.2.4 System (Single Hop Performance)All ModelsError Floor 10-11Dispersive Fade Margin 58 dB, typicalTransmission delay(radio only) 250 µsec, maximum(10 mile path) 300 µsec, maximumSystem Gain* --USA-- --------NO EIRP LIMIT -------2.4 GHz** 2.4 GHz 5.8 GHz0.6m Antennas N/A N/A 158 dB1.2m Antennas 166 dB 169 dB 170 dB1.8m Antennas 174 dB 181 dB 182 dB2.4m Antennas 176 dB 181 dB 182 dBTypical Link Distance*** 0.6m Antennas 1.2m Antennas 1.8m Antennas 2.4m AntennasNo EIRP Limit ≤24 km ≤64 km ≤80 km >80 km+6 dBW EIRP ≤8 km ≤16 km ≤24 km ≤32 km* Same size antenna and 30 meter ½ inch coaxial transmission line (6.6 dB @ 5.8 GHz, 4 dB @ 2.4GHz) at each end of the link with no EIRP limits.** (2.4 GHz EIRP limits apply in the U.S.A.)*** Assumes 30 meter ½ inch coaxial transmission line and same size antennas at each end. Shorterand longer link distances can be accomplished depending on transmission line quality (anddiameter), length of transmission line and other more minor factors.
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOSSEPTEMBER 1999SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION PAGE 2-5System (Single Hop Performance)Transmit Frequencies2.4 GHz (~2 Mbps) 5.8 GHz (~2 Mbps) 5.8 GHz (~4 Mbps)A1 channel 2410 MHz 5735 MHz 5741 MHzA2 channel 2453 MHz 5800 MHz 5803 MHzB1 channel 2430 MHz 5755 MHz 5772 MHzB2 channel 2473 MHz 5820 MHz 5834 MHzC1 channel N/A 5775 MHz N/AC2 channel N/A 5840 MHz N/AReceive Frequencies2.4 GHz (~2 Mbps) 5.8 GHz (~2 Mbps) 5.8 GHz (~4 Mbps)A1 channel 2453 MHz 5800 MHz 5803 MHzA2 channel 2410 MHz 5735 MHz 5741 MHzB1 channel 2473 MHz 5820 MHz 5834 MHzB2 channel 2430 MHz 5755 MHz 5772 MHzC1 channel N/A 5840 MHz N/AC2 channel N/A 5775 MHz N/A
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOS SEPTEMBER 1999PAGE 2-6 SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTIONSystem (Single Hop Performance) - continuedTransmit Frequencies2.4 GHz 5.8 GHz 5.8 GHz 5.8 GHz(~8 Mbps) (~8 Mbps) (~12 Mbps) (~25 Mbps)A1 channel 2420 MHz 5735 MHz 5741MHz 5750 MHzA2 channel 2443 MHz 5800 MHz 5803 MHz 5825 MHzB1 channel N/A 5755 MHz 5772 MHz N/AB2 channel N/A 5820 MHz 5834 MHz N/AC1 channel N/A 5775 MHz N/A N/AC2 channel N/A 5840 MHz N/A N/AReceive Frequencies2.4 GHz 5.8 GHz 5.8 GHz 5.8GHz (~8 Mbps) (~8 Mbps) (~12 Mbps) (~25 Mbps)A1 channel 2443 MHz 5800 MHz 5803 MHz 5825 MHzA2 channel 2420 MHz 5735 MHz 5741 MHz 5750 MHzB1 channel N/A 5820 MHz 5834 MHz N/AB2 channel N/A 5755 MHz 5772 MHz N/AC1 channel N/A 5840 MHz N/A N/AC2 channel N/A 5775 MHz N/A N/A
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOSSEPTEMBER 1999SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION PAGE 2-72.2.5 Digital Line InterfaceAll ModelsData Interface 10BaseT (fully compatible with IEEE 802.3/Ethernet V.2)(100BaseT for 5.8GHz 25Mbps radio)Connector RJ-45/48cRemote Loopback Internally generated test signal for self-testing the radio linkConfiguration Half duplex or full duplex on the WAN interfaceFiltering 15,000 frames per second theoretical, before forwardingBuffer 256-frameLAN Table 10,000 MAC addressesSelf-learning Automatic learning and aging2.4 GHzDigital Capacity ~2Mbps full or half duplex (4Mbps total) ~8Mbps full or half duplex (16Mbps total) – “stealable” T1/E15.8 GHzDigital Capacity ~4Mbps full or half duplex (8Mbps total) ~8Mbps full or half duplex (16Mbps total) – “stealable” T1/E1 ~12Mbps full or half duplex (24Mbps total) – with wayside T1/E1 + “stealable” T1/E1~25Mbps full or half duplex (50 Mbps total) – with wayside T1/E1Models with wayside T1 or E1 line and/or “stealable” T1 or E1 interfaceT1 or E1 capacity T1 (1.544Mbps) or E1 (2.048Mbps)
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOS SEPTEMBER 1999PAGE 2-8 SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION2.2.5.1 T1 Interface ModelsT1 ModelsData Rate 1.544 MbpsDigital Interface * DSX-1Connector DB-9 female, 8-pin modular jack female (RJ-48C)Line Code AMI / B8ZS (rear panel DIP switch selectable)Line Build Out 0-660 feet (rear panel DIP switch selectable)Blue Code ** Alarm Indication Signal (AIS)Remote Loopback Internal or external test signal (rear panel DIP switch selectable)* Meets AT&T Pub 62411, Bellcore TR-TSY-000499.** Signal is selectable (on/off) and is generated only on data loss or link failure when selected.2.2.5.2 E1 Interface ModelsE1 ModelsData Rate 2.048 MbpsDigital Interface * CEPT-1Connector RJ45/8 balanced, 120 ohm(optional 75 ohm unbalanced balun available)Blue Code ** Alarm Indication Signal (AIS)Remote Loopback Internal or external test signal (rear panel DIP switch selectable)• Meets ITU-T G.703.** Signal is selectable (on/off) and is generated only on data loss or link failure when selected.
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOSSEPTEMBER 1999SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION PAGE 2-92.2.6 Auxiliary ConnectionsAll ModelsOrderwire Interface 2-wire, 4-pin modular jack, female (RJ-11)REN (Ringer Equivalency Number) 1.0 BDTMF tones within ±1.5% of nominal freq. (+0-6 dB)Ringing Voltage 48 VDC, typical(use telephones with solid state ringers, NOT adequate for older style mechanical ringers)VF Orderwire Bridge 600 ohm balanced, 4-wire, 0 dBm, DB-25, maleConfiguration Port (Config) RS-232/ RS-422 (Craft ), DB-9, maleAux Data (clear service channel) RS-232 / RS-422, ≤9600 baud, DB-9, femaleAlarm 2 x Form C, 6xTTL signals on DB-25, femaleTest Points Output PowerNear-end and far-end received signal level (RSL)
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOS SEPTEMBER 1999PAGE 2-10 SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION2.2.7 Temperature and EnvironmentAll ModelsOperating Temperature Range -30 to +65°CHumidity 95% non-condensingAltitude 4,500 meters, maximum2.2.8 PowerAll ModelsDC Input Voltage ±20 to ±63 VDCPower Consumption < 45 wattsAC Adapter (optional) 100-250 VAC, 50-60 HzConnector Barrier strip, plug-in type
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOSSEPTEMBER 1999SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION PAGE 2-112.2.9 Regulatory Information2.4 GHzFCC Identifier HZB-LYNX42FCC Rule Parts 15.247Industry Canada ID 522 102 415AIC Rule Parts RSS 210ETSI ETS 300-328 & -8265.8 GHzFCC Identifier HZB-LYNX66 or HZB-LYNX96FCC Rule Parts 15.247Industry Canada ID 522 102 426IC Rule Parts RSS 210* Approved and/or Certified in many other countries (consult factory)2.2.10 MechanicalAll ModelsWidth (for 19-inch EIA 437 mm (17.2") rack mounting brackets suppliedrack mounting)Height 89 mm (3.5") (2RU)Depth 368 mm (14.5")Weight 5 kg. (11 lbs.)
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOS SEPTEMBER 1999PAGE 2-12 SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION2.3 Front Panel Description2.3.1 GeneralThe Tsunami radio front panels, as shown in Figure 2-1 through 2-2, have LED indicators, test points,controls and connections that are used for installation, maintenance, operation and troubleshooting.Prior to installation, it is best to be familiar with the front panel of your particular model. Sections 2.3.2through 2.3.5 briefly describe the front panel access and lights from left to right.Figure 2-1: Front Panel, 2.4 GHz w/o T/E1Figure 2-2: Front Panel, 5.8 GHz w/o T/E1
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOSSEPTEMBER 1999SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION PAGE 2-132.3.2 Test Points / Power IndicatorON This is an LED indication. When lit GREEN, Tsunami is powered.The Tsunami radio products do not have an on/off switch.GND This is a test point referenced to chassis ground. This is used in conjunction with thenext two test points to measure voltages related to radio performance.RSL This is a test point which relates to the Received Signal Level (RSL). A voltage canbe measured with a voltmeter (using the GND test point for reference) whichcorresponds to the actual power level of the incoming received signal. While theDISPLAY FAR END button is pressed, this RSL voltage corresponds to the RSL ofthe far-end radio. These measurements are used during installation, maintenanceand troubleshooting.LOCALTX PWR This is a test point which corresponds to the output transmit power of the radio. Avoltage can be measured with a voltmeter (using the GND test point for reference)which corresponds to the actual power level of the outgoing signal. Thismeasurement is used during installation, maintenance and troubleshooting.This voltage only applies to the near-end and does not allow measurementof the far-end output transmit power, even when the DISPLAY FAR ENDbutton is pressed.There is a receptacle on the front panel to the right of the LOCAL TX PWR test pointwhich is an installation adjustment allowing the output transmit power to beincreased or decreased within the radio's specified limits. Using a small screwdriver,this adjustment is used to set the output power of the transmitter, in accordance tothe path planning.The Tsunami system requires professional installation. Transmitted outputpower limits may apply when using this radio. Consult FCC, IC, ETSI,Glenayre Western Multiplex or other regulatory authorities for limits whichmay apply. See Section 3.13.1 for details on setting output power.
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOS SEPTEMBER 1999PAGE 2-14 SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION2.3.3 Alarm and Status IndicatorsTXD When lit GREEN, indicates transmitted data into the wireless link.RXD When lit GREEN, indicates received data from the far end of the wireless link.COLL This is an alarm. When lit RED, indicates that Ethernet collisions are occurring.These collisions may be normal for a heavily used WAN, but should be remedied assoon as possible as the maximum throughput of the radio link is not being realized.It is normal for the COLL indicator to blink occasionally.BER This is the Bit Error Rate (BER) alarm. When lit RED, this alarm condition indicatesthat the received signal bit error rate is above the error threshold of 1 x 10-6. Thisalarm condition typically indicates a path problem or a problem with the far-end radioand usually is not a problem with the near- end radio.SYNC When lit RED, this is an alarm condition indicating that the intended received signalis not being received. This alarm may indicate problems related to the path,connections, or the near-end or far-end radio hardware.MUTE When lit RED, this is an alarm condition indicates that one or both of the following:1) The security address setting for switch 2 on the back of the radio does notmatch the radio bridge on the other end of the link.2) There is an excessive number of data errors on the 10BaseT connection that theradio will not transmit so it MUTEs (or BLOCKS) the data from being sent.FAN When lit RED, this is an alarm condition indicating a failure with one or both of theinternal cooling fans. The radio is designed to operate within specification when onlyone fan is operating. The two fans are provided for redundancy only.RADIOFAIL When lit RED, this is an alarm condition indicating a major failure with the near-endradio hardware.FAR END When lit RED, this is an alarm condition indicating that there are alarm or statusconditions present on the far-end radio. Press and hold the "Display Far End" buttonon the near-end radios to indicate the alarm conditions for the far-end radio terminal.Monitoring the far-end alarms can be helpful for radio installation and routinemaintenance.
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOSSEPTEMBER 1999SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION PAGE 2-152.3.4 ControlsLink test transmits either an internal signal and re-transmits this signal backat the far-end radio. The near end then receives the signal. This is veryuseful for testing because the test signal can be monitored at the near-endand the quality of the entire link can be determined without anyone going tothe far-end radio location.ERROR When lit RED, this indicates that bit error(s) occurred while in link test mode.ENABLE This is a push-button switch that executes the link test mode. Link test is initiated bypressing and holding this switch for approximately 3 seconds. Once in link testmode, the LED which is embedded in the switch is illuminated YELLOW to indicatethat the test is in progress. The LED on the near-end radio flashes while the far-endis solid. Link test is disabled by pushing and releasing the ENABLE button at eitherthe near-end or far-end radio.Enabling link test will interrupt traffic. This is an out-of-service test.DISPLAYFAR END This push-button provides the capability to determine alarms and status of the far-end radio. When pressed and held, the alarm and status LEDs and the RSL testpoint correspond to the far-end radio’s status and RSL value. This can be used forinstallation, maintenance and troubleshooting. When the LED on this switch isflashing, no far-end information is available. This typically indicates that there is nolink between near-end and far-end radios.
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOS SEPTEMBER 1999PAGE 2-16 SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION2.3.5 ConnectionsORDERWIREThis connection is used to access the orderwire function. This is a facility for "telephone" style servicefrom one radio to another. A standard electronic telephone [one with a handset and DTMF (push-button tone) dialing] plugs into this connector. The user can dial the orderwire address of the far-endradio (or any radio in the Tsunami network) to establish telephone communication between sites. Thiscommunication does not interrupt or interfere with the other radio communications. The radio link mustbe operational to use this facility. The orderwire feature can be very useful for installation, maintenanceand troubleshooting.- Touch-tone Telephone* (for communication with far-end)*Telephone connection specifications:REN (Ringer Equivalency Number) 1.0 BDTMF toneswithin ±1.5% of nominal freq.Ringing Voltage 48 VDC, typical(Ringing voltage is adequate for modern solid state ringers,NOT for the older mechanical type ringers)
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOSSEPTEMBER 1999SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION PAGE 2-172.4 Rear Panel DescriptionThe Tsunami radio rear panel, as shown in Figure 2-3, has connections and DIP switches that are usedfor installation, maintenance, operation and trouble-shooting. Prior to installation, you should familiarizeyourself with the rear panel.Figure 2-3: Rear Panel
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOS SEPTEMBER 1999PAGE 2-18 SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION2.4.1 RF ConnectionThe RF port of the Tsunami radio is an N-type female connector that is an integral part of the filterassembly. The filter assembly occupies nearly the entire top half of the rear panel. The N-Typeconnector is used to connect the antenna, typically using coaxial transmission line. In some cases,waveguide may be used as the primary transmission line, in which case a waveguide-to-N adapter isrequired.For the Tsunami, 1/2" or 5/8” coaxial cable (LDF4-50 or LDF4.5-50)is recommended. Coaxial cable that is 7/8” or larger can exhibitmoding at 5.8 GHz and is not recommended for 5.8 GHz radios. Forwaveguide transmission line at 5.8 GHz, EW-52 waveguide isrecommended. EW-63 will also work, but may exhibit more loss.
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOSSEPTEMBER 1999SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION PAGE 2-192.4.2 DATA ConnectionsThe connection for the Ethernet interface that carries the signals in and out of the radio is a RJ4510BaseT connection.2.4.3 Auxiliary Data ConnectionsThere are 5 auxiliary data connections for Tsunami as shown in Figure 2-3.VF This connector is used to link two Tsunami radios at a repeater site for Orderwireoperation. This would allow orderwire "telephone" calls to and from any point in theTsunami network.The Tsunami orderwire circuit can also be connected to other existingorderwire networks. See Section 3.14.1 for details.ALARM This connector is used for monitoring alarms electrically. The alarm connections areessentially the same as described for the front panel, however instead of LEDoperation, alarm status is provided electrically by means of TTL and Form C relayconnections. The TTL and Form C relays can be connected to other transmissionequipment for monitoring alarm status locally or remotely.DIAG-NOSTICS This is a serial interface port (RS-232 or RS-422, ≤9600 baud) to the Tsunami radio.This port provides maintenance information about the Tsunami radio(s) to aconnected computer or terminal. This port is typically used for maintenance andtroubleshooting.AUXDATA This is a serial interface port (RS-232 or RS-422, ≤9600 baud) which allows the userto connect auxiliary serial data from one point in the radio network to another. Thisfacility can also be used for bridging the DIAGNOSTICS port for remote alarm andstatus monitoring or for connecting other equipment's serial alarm information. It canalternatively be used for separate data connection for serial devices.
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOS SEPTEMBER 1999PAGE 2-20 SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION2.4.4 SwitchesThere are three sets of 8-segment DIP switches (SW1, SW2 & SW3) and two rotary switches (AddressTENS and ONES), as shown in Figure 2-3 on the rear panel of the Tsunami radio. These switchesprovide user configuration of several radio parameters. A brief explanation for each function follows.Refer to the switch setting detail in Appendix B.SW1Full orHalf Duplex Choose whether the bridge is to use the half duplex (normal-down position) orthe full duplex mode. Half duplex uses the maximum bit rate in one directionwhile full duplex allows the maximum bit rate to be used in both directionssimultaneously effectively doubling the maximum throughput if the LAN oneach end of the link can transmit and receive at the same time if the networkdevices at each end of the bridge can and are set up to utilize the full duplexcapability.FilteringEnable/DisableOFF or down position (normal) allows only frames destined for another LAN tobe transmitted over the WAN. ON or up switch setting sends all frames overthe WAN. Disable filtering for LAN extender or segmenter applications.TBOS orData Select whether the auxiliary data port is to be used with OpenLYNX (TBOSinterface) or by the user as a dedicated data port. OpenLYNX is the default(down) stetting.Error Unlatch This switch segment selects an optional mode for the ERROR LED to flash foreach error occurrence (instead of latching on). This can be useful for shortduration link testing when the operator is located at the terminal site andwatching for errors.DataMuteDisableThis switch, when set in the ON/up position, will disable the automatic MUTEfunction of the bridge radio. The radio may also MUTE the link’scommunication if the security addresses of the link are not the same (seeswitch 2). Refer to section 2.3.3 for a description of the MUTE function andfront panel light for further detail.EnableAuxDataThis switch segment allows the AUX DATA port to be optionally used as a clearservice channel for RS-232 or RS-444 (≤ 9600 baud) user data. The radionormally uses this port for TBOS radio diagnostics. Set the switch to the ON orup position to use this port for your own data use.
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOSSEPTEMBER 1999SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION PAGE 2-21SW2EthernetBridgeAddressThese switch segments allow the user to select a unique address for aparticular link between two LANs. This feature provides a level of security toprevent another radio in the communication path to pick up the transmitted dataunless it is set to the exact same address (1 out of 256 unique addresses). Besure each point-to-point link is set to the same address. If not, the radio willinvoke the MUTE function.SW3SpreadingCode This set of switch segments allow the user to select the spreading code for thespread spectrum signal. Both ends of a radio system must be set to the samecode. Users may wish to change codes for radios that are nearby other similarradios to aid in interference rejection. (see Section 3.12.3)ChannelSelection This set of switch segments programs the radio to match the specific RFchannel corresponding to the RF filter set which has been installed. (see Section3.12.1)Address There are two rotary switches which determine the radio's address (01 to 99).This address is used for Orderwire signaling (dial a particular radio in thenetwork).Refer to Appendix B for Switch Settings
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOS SEPTEMBER 1999PAGE 2-22 SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION2.5 Installation AccessoriesThe Tsunami radio is shipped with several accessories commonly required for the radio as describedbelow:AC PowerSupply If ordered as an option, this power supply provides AC to DC conversion for usewith AC powered locations.AC PowerCord This power cord connects the AC Power Supply, if ordered, to a standard 115VU.S. AC outlet.Rack MountBrackets Two brackets (along with required mounting screws) are provided which allow 19-inch rack mounting of the Tsunami radio.TerminalConnector This is a 6-pin mating connector used for DC power supply.DConnector9-pinTwo of these mating connectors are provided. One is used for the DIAGNOSTICSport interface and another for the AUX DATA port.DConnector25-pinThere are 2 mating connectors provided, one for the ALARM interface and theother for the VF interface.RF PowerAdjustmentCoverA small plastic cap is provided which is placed over the RF output poweradjustment receptacle once output power has been set by professional installationpersonnel.Other accessories are available, such as orderwire handsets, connector adapters and special cables.These can be ordered separately upon request.
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOSSEPTEMBER 1999SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION PAGE 2-23Your Notes on the Tsunami Radio
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOSSEPTEMBER 1999SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-13. Installation & Adjustments3.1 Shipping ContainerThe equipment is shipped in boxes unless ordered as an integrated system and configured at thefactory, in which case the equipment may be racked and shipped in a crate. The equipment ispackaged so as to prevent damage in transit.The boxes should be left intact and sheltered until arrival at the installation site.If the shipping container shows signs of damage, thetransportation company should be notified immediately. Extracare and inspection of the contents is advised immediately uponreceipt.It is recommended that all the packaging materials beretained. In the unlikely event that the equipment must bereturned to the factory, use the original packing materials forreturn shipment. The original packaging materials are alsorecommended for transporting the equipment fromlocation to location.Inside the primary shipping containers, internal boxes may contain other items. These boxesshould also be saved for future use.Also, save the Tsunami radio test data sheet that is provided.The test data sheet can be placed where the Tsunami terminalwill be installed for future quick reference. This sheet could alsobe placed in the front pocket of this manual, and the manualkept at the radio location for future reference. All Tsunami unitsare individually tested and the actual measured performancerecorded on the Factory Test Data Sheet. You will find thisinformation to be of use during installation, troubleshooting andmaintenance.A set of quick installation instructions is also provided which can be useful for easy referenceduring installation.
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOS SEPTEMBER 1999PAGE 3-2 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS3.2 Packing Items IdentificationThe primary shipping container houses the radio and an additional box. The box contains severalrelated items inside including:❖This manual❖Installation accessory kit (see Section 2.5)
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOSSEPTEMBER 1999SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-33.3 Before Installation Task ListThere are several tasks that should be accomplished prior to installing the Tsunami radio system.This section briefly describes the following:- Site selection- Line-of-Sight and Path Clearance determination- Anticipated RSL calculation- Fade margin calculation- Availability calculation- Frequency plan determination- Power supply planning- Antenna (and accessories) purchaseOnly directional antennas should be used with Tsunami spreadspectrum radios. These can be grid or solid parabolic antennas(minimum 2 foot - .6 meter). Flat panel antennas are alsoacceptable if the beam width is kept to a minimum.3.3.1 Site Selection RequirementsThe radio site must have:- access to the appropriate power- close proximity to the telephone or computer system you wish to interconnect- line-of-sight to the other radio location with adequate clearance- location for mounting the antenna
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOS SEPTEMBER 1999PAGE 3-4 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS3.3.2 Line-of-Sight and Path Clearance GuidelinesThe Tsunami radios will not operate properly unless they have line-of-sight between theircorresponding antennas. The Tsunami radio transmission will not pass through trees or otherobstacles. Factors to consider include:- Earth curvature- Future growth of trees- Height of buildingsIn addition to the line-of-sight requirement, a well-engineered path will also have additional pathclearance to allow for signal loss due to partial obstructions, atmospheric ducting and groundreflections. To maximize radio reception, 0.6 times the first Fresnel zone should be calculated andthis distance added to the path clearance (in addition to trees or buildings).
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOSSEPTEMBER 1999SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-53.3.3 RSL Calculation and Link BudgetThe received signal level (RSL) can be estimated using the following formula:RSL (dBm) = Pout - FL1+ G1 + G2 - FL2 - Lpwhere: Pout is the transmitter output power (in dBm)FL1 is the feeder loss of the transmit side (in dB)G1 is the gain of the transmit antenna (in dB)G2 is the gain of the receive antenna (in dB)FL2 is the feeder loss of the receive side (in dB)Lp is the Path loss, defined by:Lp (dB) = 96.6 + 20 log10F + 20 log10Dwhere: F = Frequency in GHz (2.4 or 5.8)D = Distance of path in milesThis link budget is very important for determining any potential problems during installation. If youhave calculated the expected RSL, you can see if it has been achieved during installation, andtroubleshoot if necessary.In the USA, 5.8 GHz models of the Tsunami may be installedwith any size directional antennas and operated at full power.The 2.4 GHz model may require power reduction where: Pout -FL1+ G1 is replaced by 30 - [(G1 - 6)/ 3] + FL1In some countries effective isotropic radiated power (EIRP)limits apply, such as +6 dBW (+36 dBm) in Canada. Outputpower may need to be reduced, and the above path planningequation changed such that: EIRP (dBm) = Pout + G1 - FL1
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOS SEPTEMBER 1999PAGE 3-6 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS3.3.4 Fade Margin CalculationThe fade margin is the difference between the actual received signal and the radio’s threshold.Using the formula provided in Section 3.3.3, the anticipated RSL can be calculated. Compare thisRSL to the specified threshold of the Tsunami radio, which is shown in Section 2.2, and calculatethe fade margin as the difference between the two signal levels.Dispersive fade margin is another factor that many microwave path engineers may use to plantheir link budget. For the Tsunami radio, the dispersive fade margin is in excess of 55 dB andtherefore is not a determining factor in path planning. This excellent dispersive fade marginperformance is important because the spread spectrum RF signal has considerably widebandwidth.
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOSSEPTEMBER 1999SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-73.3.5 Availability CalculationAvailability of the microwave path is a measure of the percent of the time that the link will operatewithout producing an excessive BER due to multipath fading. In the absence of direct interference,availability is affected by the following:- Path length- Fade margin- Frequency (2.4 GHz or 5.8 GHz in the case of the Tsunami radios)- Terrain (smooth, average, mountainous)- Climate (dry, temperate, hot/humid)Depending on the type of traffic carried over the link, the system designer may wish to design fora specific availability. For example, if the data or voice traffic that is carried by the radio is criticalthen it may be designed for a very high availability (e.g. 99.999% or 5.3 minutes of outage peryear). To improve availability, for example, the fade margin can be increased by making the pathshorter, or by using higher gain antennas in conjunction with lower loss feeders (by using highquality transmission line or shortening feed length).
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOS SEPTEMBER 1999PAGE 3-8 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS3.3.6 Frequency Plan DeterminationWhen configuring radios in a hub or repeater configuration, careful engineering of the Tsunamiradio frequency plans and antenna locations should be performed in order to minimize potentialinterference between the nearby radios. As a rule of thumb, do not place identical frequency planradios (e.g. two “A” channel radios) at the same site. In most cases, it is desirable to use adifferent frequency plan (e.g. A versus B). However, with careful engineering, placing more thanone radio of the same frequency channel plan at the same site can be accomplished. In fact, theTsunami frequency plan is designed to allow complex hub configurations that may require re-using the same frequency plan. When designing these types of configurations, antenna size andantenna location are critical. If identical channel plans must be used at the same site, the sameradio channel (e.g. A1 and A1) should be used at a site to minimize interference. Using alternatechannels (e.g. A1 and A2) is less likely to be successful (and therefore not recommended) due tothe high level of transmitter to receiver isolation required from the antenna system.Sometimes it is required to locate the Tsunami radio nearby a transmitter that is the same as, orclose to the Tsunami receive or transmit frequencies. In this case, the Tsunami terminal thatshould be placed closest to this interfering transmitter should be the specific terminal with thereceive frequency which is furthest from this unwanted transmitted frequency. This approachminimizes the potential of interference. While interference conditions are rare when using theTsunami radios, cases of interference may be overcome by exchanging the radios from end toend or simply reinstalling the filter unit, as described in Section 4.2 (thus swapping the frequenciesof both ends of the radio link). In some cases, changing frequency plans (e.g. from A to B) canalso help mitigate any interference.Section 4.8 of this manual describes interferencecountermeasures in further detail.
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOSSEPTEMBER 1999SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-93.3.7 Power Supply PlanningThe Tsunami radio must have access to a supply of appropriate power, either DC or AC (if the ACadapter option has been ordered). The Tsunami can be powered from a DC battery system, orfrom a solar or generator power plant, usually with battery reserves. Typically either a positive ornegative ground 24 or 48 volt supply is used. For DC, be sure the cable is of sufficient gauge tocarry the necessary current and it is less than three (3) meters (9.75 feet) in length.Before installing the radio, plan for the continuous power consumption needs in accordance withthe specifications given in Section 2.2 of this manual. It is also wise to plan for backup power forcritical communication circuits (including the Tsunami radio). Backup power allows the radios andassociated equipment to continue operation when primary power is interrupted.
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOS SEPTEMBER 1999PAGE 3-10 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS3.3.8 Antenna PlanningUsing the path planning tools, proper antenna size can be determined which will yield the desiredpath performance. In general, the larger the antenna that is used with the Tsunami radio, thebetter the link will perform. Larger antennas have narrower beamwidth and higher gain, which willyield better link performance (higher fade margin, better availability) and improve immunity tointerference (due to the smaller beamwidths). However, larger antennas are more costly topurchase and install than smaller antennas, in some cases requiring special equipment forinstallation. All of these factors should be taken into consideration when selecting antennas.In areas where transmitted output power restrictions apply, theuse of larger antennas will maintain the benefit of narrowbeamwidths and receive gain. However, output power may needto be reduced to meet regulations. (See Section 3.13.1)Prior to installation, the specific antenna location and mounting should be determined. Thisadvanced planning also yields the transmission line requirements. Only directional antennas should be used with Tsunamispread spectrum radios. These can be grid or solid parabolicantennas (minimum 2 foot - .6 meter). Flat panel antennas arealso acceptable if the beam width is kept to a minimum.
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOSSEPTEMBER 1999SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-113.4 Tools RequiredThe following tools may be required for the installation of the Tsunami radios:- Phillips (cross tip) screwdrivers (for 19-inch rack mounting and attachment of brackets)- Small blade standard screwdriver (for power supply connector and RF output poweradjust)- Soldering iron (if using any D-type connectors)- Wire strippers (for removing insulation from power supply and other wiring)- Digital Voltmeter (to measure RSL, Tx output power, Alarms)The following tools are recommended for the installation of the Tsunami radios:- RF power meter (to measure transmitter output power)- Cellular phone or two-way radio (for talking with far-end crew and tower crew)- Bit Error Rate test set (to test link after installation)- Touch-tone Telephone* (to test orderwire circuits and for communication with far-end)Additional tools will likely be needed for antenna and transmission line installation and antennaalignment. Consult Sections 3.8 through 3.10 of this manual for more details.*Telephone connection specifications:REN (Ringer Equivalency Number) 1.0 BDTMF toneswithin ±1.5% of nominal freq.Ringing Voltage 48 VDC, typical(Ringing voltage is adequate for modern solid state ringers,NOT for the older mechanical type ringers)
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOS SEPTEMBER 1999PAGE 3-12 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS3.5 Frequency Channel PlansThe Tsunami system offers several non-overlapping channel plans for the different models ofradio. This channel plan arrangement allows users to implement Tsunami systems in theproximity of other Tsunami radios (planned or unplanned), hub and repeater applications, and canbe used to mitigate interference. The channel plans are illustrated below in Figures 3-1 through 3-2Section 4.2 and 4.3 describe how to change frequency channel assignments of a Tsunami radio.Figure 3-1: Channel Plan, 2.4 GHz (2 Mbps)Figure 3-2: Channel Plan, 5.8 GHz (4 Mbps and 12 Mbps)
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOSSEPTEMBER 1999SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-13Figure 3-3: Channel Plan, 5.8 GHz (25 Mbps)3.6 Mounting the TsunamiThe Tsunami radio can be mounted at any height in a standard 19-inch rack. Blank rack-mountingspaces above and below the Tsunami are recommended, especially if the surrounding equipmentdissipates a considerable amount of heat (over 40W).The Tsunami radio may be set up for mounting with the front edge projecting from the front faceof a standard 19-inch rack using the rack mounting brackets enclosed with the screws in theAccessory Kit (4 per bracket). The rack mounting brackets may be reversed, in order to install forflush or cabinet mounting if preferred. Depending on rack configuration, it may be necessary toremove the four adhesive backed rubber feet on the bottom of the unit.The Tsunami radio has internal fans which intake andexhaust on the left and right sides of the chassis. When rackmounting, it is important to leave a small gap between theouter edges of the radio and the inside edge of the rack.The Tsunami radio may alternatively be placed on a table or shelfattached to a wall. Because of the low weight of the Tsunami, anymounting option other than rack mounting will be less secure.5725585057505825Frequency (MHz)Channel PairsA1 A2Tx 5750 5825Rx 5825 5750
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOS SEPTEMBER 1999PAGE 3-14 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS3.7 Power Connection and WiringThere is no ON/OFF switch on the Tsunami. As soon aspower is applied, the equipment will be operational. Thismeans that there can be up to 1W of RF power present atthe antenna port. The antenna port should be terminatedbefore power is applied.Power is connected using the DC power plug contained in the Accessory Kit. Use Table 3-A or 3-B along with the associated diagram of Figure 3-7 or 3-8 to connect the DC power cables. Forexample, for a negative DC power input, use Table 3-A and Figure 3-7.NEGATIVE DC POWER INPUT(–20 TO –63 VDC)PIN FUNCTION1 Power (–DC)2 Ground (see figure 3-7)3 Return (+DC)4 Return (+DC)5 Ground (see figure 3-7)6 Power (–DC)Table 3-A: DC Power Connection for Negative SupplyPOSITIVE DC POWER INPUT(+20 TO +63 VDC)PIN FUNCTION1 Return (–DC)2 Ground (see figure 3-8)3 Power (+DC)4 Power (+DC)5 Ground (see figure 3-8)6 Return (–DC)Table 3-B: DC Power Connection for Negative SupplyPins 1 and 6 are connected together on the motherboard. Eitherpin may be used to apply (-DC) DC power input. Similarly, pins3 and 4 are connected together on the motherboard and maybe used to apply (+DC) DC power input.For DC power return connection, connect to the oppositevoltage (either the -DC or the +DC Pin) and connect the returnto ground at the DC power plug on pins 2 and/or 5.
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOSSEPTEMBER 1999SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-153.7.1 DC Power WiringConnect the power cable with adequate current rating (minimum of 20 AWG) to the terminalsshown on the removed (not plugged into the radio) DC power plug using the screw connections.The recommended minimum current rating of external fuses and cables is 3 Amps. The Tsunamiradios consume less than 1 Amp at ±48V and less than 2 Amps at ±24V. Be sure the DC powercable is less than 3 meters (9.75 feet) in length.Each Tsunami terminal should be externally fused separatelywith a 5 Amp maximum fuse. The DC power cable must beless than three (3) meters in length.If using negative power, connect the negative voltage to pins 1 or 6. Connect the ground returnconnection to pins 3 or 4. See Figure 3-7.If using positive power, connect the positive voltage to pins 3 or 4. Connect the ground returnconnection to pins 1 or 6. See Figure 3-8.The ground connection is available at pins 2 and 5. Either pin may be used to ground the returnside of the power supply. Do not ground both sides of the power supply.Proper grounding, either through the chassis and/or the powersupply, can be very important for protection from lightning. Agrounding screw hole is provided on the rear panel.The ground connection may be left floating if the power supplyis referenced to ground externally and to avoid ground loops insome configurations. However, this may not provide adequategrounding for lightning protection.Use a DVM (digital voltmeter) to verify voltage and polarity on the DC power plug.Do not connect the DC power plug to the rear of the Tsunamiterminal until a load is connected to the antenna port (either anRF pad, or an RF cable and antenna).
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOS SEPTEMBER 1999PAGE 3-16 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTSFigure 3-3: Negative Voltage DC ConnectionFigure 3-4: Positive Voltage DC ConnectionMake sure that when connecting the mating plug that it isproperly oriented (terminal screws pointing up) and securelyfastened.
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOSSEPTEMBER 1999SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-173.7.2 AC Power ConnectionThe optional AC power supply operates from any AC voltage 100V - 250V and 50 Hz or 60 Hz.The AC supply is equipped with a mating connector that plugs directly into the Tsunami radio andan AC cord with a 3-pin AC plug.Figure 3-5: AC Connection
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOS SEPTEMBER 1999PAGE 3-18 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS3.8 Antenna ConnectionThe Tsunami radio is equipped with an N-type female connector at the antenna port located onthe rear panel. A short length (~6 feet) jumper cable such as RG-214 coax (or “pigtail”) fitted withtwo N-type male connectors can be used to connect the antenna port to the antenna transmissionline (see Section 3.9). The recommended cable type for a jumper is RG-214.A low loss 50-ohm cable (for example LDF4-50 1/2 inch coax) or EW-52 waveguide (for 5.8 GHzradios) is recommended for the antenna transmission line between the top of the rack and theantenna. The return loss presented by the transmission line at the top of the rack should be ashigh as possible (20 dB, minimum recommended). The length of the antenna transmission lineshould be kept as short as possible (to minimize losses).For 5.8 GHz radios, to minimize feeder losses, the use of 5.8 GHz elliptical waveguide isrecommended (typical loss is 1.25 dB/100 ft) for feeder lengths in excess of 200 feet. Dependingon path length and feeder length, 1/2 inch coax cable can be used with 5.8 GHz radios.For the Tsunami radio, 1/2” or 5/8” coaxial cable (LDF4-50 orLDF4.5-50) is recommended. Coaxial cable 7/8” or larger canexhibit moding at 5.8 GHz and is not recommended for 5.8 GHzradios. For waveguide transmission line at 5.8 GHz, EW-52waveguide is recommended. EW-63 will also work, but mayexhibit more loss.Do not use right angle N-type connectors with the 5.8 GHzTsunami radios: they may present high loss at 5.8 GHz. Do notuse a low quality N-type jumper cable with the Tsunami. Somecable types, such as RG-8, may have high loss at 5.8 GHz.
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOSSEPTEMBER 1999SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-193.9 Transmission Line ConnectionThe transmission line feeder (such as LDF4-50 1/2 inch coax cable or EW-52 ellipticalwaveguide) should be prepared first by cutting to the approximate length (allowing some excess)and installing the appropriate connector on the antenna end.The prepared transmission line is then pulled through the cable ducts, trays or conduit (asrequired) to the antenna, while being careful not to kink or damage the transmission line in anyway.The transmission line should be supported in a tray on horizontal runs and by hangers on verticalruns. Hangers should be spaced according to the manufacturer’s instructions (typically every 5feet under conditions of no ice and not greater than 85 mph winds).The transmission line should be grounded using the manufacture’s recommended grounding kit.Grounding kits attach to the outer copper conductor. Grounds must be installed at the antenna, atthe bottom of the tower (if applicable) and where the transmission line enters the building. Longtransmission line runs should be grounded every 100 feet. In areas of high incidence of lightning,dissipaters should be attached to antennas. In addition, coaxial, in-line, spark-gap type, lightningsuppressors should be added at the bottom of the coax cable before entering thebuilding/enclosure.Any in-line lightning protection device must be rated for theoperating frequency of the Tsunami (2.4 or 5.8 GHz).After installation, the transmission line is terminated with an N-type male connector/adapterattached at the equipment end. For waveguide, this typically requires a CPR-to-N adapter.Prior to operation, the electrical integrity of the transmission line, including all connectors, can bechecked with a simple DC check between the center conductor and outer conductor. (This isneither possible, nor required for waveguide).The transmission line should ideally be connected directly to the antenna at one end and to theTsunami antenna port at the other end. However, short RG-214 type pigtail jumper cables may berequired to avoid sharp bends in the transmission line to limit stress on either connection.7/8 inch coax cable or larger is not recommended for use at 5.8GHz and higher frequencies.Do not use right angle N-type connectors with the 5.8 GHzTsunami radios: they may present high loss at 5.8 GHz. Do notuse a low quality N-type jumper cable with the Tsunami. Somecable types, such as RG-8, may have too high a loss at 5.8GHz.
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOS SEPTEMBER 1999PAGE 3-20 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS3.10 Antenna Installation & AlignmentThe antenna installation consists of mounting the antenna on the tower, building roof, or otherlocation that provides line-of-sight path clearance to the far-end location. In general, antennassmaller than 2 feet diameter are not recommended for urban areas due to their widerbeamwidths, which results in higher interference susceptibility. For 2.4 GHz Tsunami radios, aminimum of 4 foot (1.2m) diameter antennas, or larger, are recommended.Antennas should be ordered with a suitable mounting kit specific to the site requirements. Forexample, specifying round or angle tower leg adapters, or a roof tripod as necessary.The antenna must be very rigidly mounted, with adequate room for azimuth and elevationadjustment.The antenna polarization must be the same at both ends of the link, either vertical or horizontal.In general, antenna mountings require a support pipe to which upper and lower support bracketsare attached with “U” bolts. The antenna and optional elevation and azimuth adjustment rods arethen mounted onto the support brackets. The whole structure must be adequately grounded forlightning protection. The antenna system must always be installed according to the manufacturer’sinstructions.Unless special test equipment is available, two operating Tsunami terminals are required to alignthe antennas. Alternatively, a CW generator may be used to transmit a signal toward the endunder alignment.The antenna is coarse aligned using visual sighting and then fine aligned using the receive signallevel (RSL) voltage of the Tsunami.The RSL voltage reading can still be used to peak antennaseven if the radios have not synchronized, however far-end RSLcannot be measured from the near-end terminal until radiosare synchronized.To coarse align the antenna, first set it for flat elevation (no up or down tilt) using a spirit level.Then point it at a heading marker obtained using a compass back-bearing from an adjacentlocation, (ideally, 100 feet or more away from the antenna).Due to the possibility of exposure to RF radiation above the recommendedlevels, do not stand within five (5) meters of the antenna for prolongedperiods during system operation. It is the responsibility of the installer toinsure that the antenna is mounted in a place that is not accessible to thepublic
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOSSEPTEMBER 1999SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-21If a heading marker cannot be set sufficiently far away (for example when on a city building roof orlooking through a window) then a rough azimuth setting can be obtained by sighting along theantenna feed.It should be verified that both antennas are on the samepolarization by using the manufacturer’s instructions. Otherwisethe RSL will be approximately 25 to 30 dB below the calculatedlevel.Most antennas will also need fine alignment obtained using an operating link because it is veryimportant to maximize the receive RF signal level at each end of the radio link.Read Section 3.7 before applying DC power to the Tsunami radio.Once the coarse alignment has been set-up at both ends, then the link can be powered and somelevel of reliable communication established. The voltage at the Tsunami front panel RSL test pointshould be measured with a DVM to determine the relative receive RF signal level.For the fine alignment, adjusting first the azimuth and then the elevation of the local antenna willmaximize the RSL voltage. Then, the far antenna is aligned in the same way, using the RSLvoltage of its local Tsunami radio.When aligning antennas it may be convenient to run two wires from the RSL and ground testpoints to the antenna so that the voltmeter reading is directly visible to the technicians aligning theantenna. Also, a cellular telephone or two-way radio may be useful for coordinating alignmentactivities between both ends of the link. Once the radios are coarse aligned and synchronized, thebuilt-in orderwire phone service can also be used to coordinate alignment between both ends ofthe link.An orderwire telephone will provide end-to-end voicecommunications once radios are synchronized. Synchronizationusually can be accomplished by coarse alignment only. Aftersynchronization, the orderwire phones can be used to communicatebetween radio sites for antenna fine alignment. The phoneinterconnect cable can be extended to the antenna when desired.The larger the antenna size, the more critical alignment becomes: for example, with a 2 foot dish,the antenna can be moved ±3 degrees off the correct heading before the receive signal leveldrops by 3 dB. This compares with a 6-foot dish which may only be moved ±1 degree for thesame degradation.The graph shown in Figure 3-10 shows the typical variation of RSL voltage as the receive signallevel is increased from threshold to a higher level. There is some variation between Tsunamireceivers, but an approximate estimate of the potential RSL value may be made using this figure.Use the Factory Test Data Sheet shipped with your Tsunami terminal toobtain the best estimate of your RSL.Above 0 dBm RSL, the receiver may produce errors: however this level is rarely likely to beexceeded. A link budget calculation should be made to calculate the anticipated RSL as describedin Section 3.3.3. During anomalous propagation conditions, the RSL may fade but will notincrease up more than 10 dB (except in unusual very long paths which may fade up by 15 dB).
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOS SEPTEMBER 1999PAGE 3-22 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTSAntenna alignment should enable the RSL to be peaked to thelevel calculated in the link budget. If the RSL is peaked but isapproximately 20 dB below the calculated level, then it is likelythat the antennas are aligned on a sidelobe of the antenna'sradiated signal. In this case, the antennas should be rotated in awide arc until the main lobe is located. (Other possible causes oflow RSL are path obstructions, loss in connectors, adapters andpigtail jumper cables or different antenna polarization at each endof the link.)Figure 3-6: Typical RSL Voltage versus Received Signal Level (RSL)
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOSSEPTEMBER 1999SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-233.11 Ethernet Interface ConnectionThe 10BaseT interface connection to the Tsunami radio is on the rear panel.Additional external lightning protection devices are recommendedfor the connections if the radio is installed in an area prone tolightning.The 10BaseT connection to the Tsunami is at the data interface on the rear of the shelf.
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOS SEPTEMBER 1999PAGE 3-24 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS3.12 DIP Switch SettingsA quick reference guide to all DIP switches is provided in Appendix B.DIP switch settings are noted by their position, either up (1), or down (0),not by on/off as may be printed on the DIP switch assembly.3.12.1 Channel SelectionThe Tsunami radio offers several frequencies of operation for the 2.4 GHz and the 5.8 GHzmodels (see Section 3.5).There are DIP switch segments (typical numbers 5 through 8 on SW3)which define the frequency channel plan of the Tsunami radio (refer to Appendix B). The DIPswitches must be set to match the filter assembly that is mounted on the radio. For single anddouble capacity models, positions 5,6 and 7 define the frequency channel plan of the radio (e.g.B), the last DIP switch defines the transmit channel of the radio (e.g. A1 or A2).Radios are shipped from the factory with their DIP switch segments set to match the installedfilter. In most cases, no modification of these switches is required.` Also, there are labels on theRF filter illustrating the correct DIP switch settings. One label is right side up and the other isupside down. Set the DIP switch settings for the label that is right side up. If a new filter isinstalled, or the existing filter is rotated for opposite channel configuration (e.g. A1 to A2), resetthe DIP switches to match the right side up label on the filter. Refer to Section 4.2 for moreinformation.The radio channel selection is user adjustable by removing and replacing, or reversing the filterassembly. This allows units of the same radio model to be used as spares for several channels.For example, if a network of Tsunami radios has several radios using all three channel plans at5.8 GHz, a single spare unit of any channel plan can be used to spare all the radios. If a radiofailure were to occur in the network, the filter assembly of the failed unit would be removed andreplace the filter assembly in the spare radio. The DIP switch segments on the spare may need tochange to match the installed filter and the spare radio could be put into service.The DIP switch setting must match the filter assembly mounted on theradio. Also, both radios of a link must have opposite channel plans (e.g.A1 and A2).Consult Section 4.2 of this manual for more information on changing RFchannels. Consult Appendix B for proper frequency channel switchsettings.Other NON-standard frequency plans may be offered in the future. Inthese cases, follow the DIP switch setting on the filter label.
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOSSEPTEMBER 1999SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-253.12.2 Spreading Code SelectionThe spreading code is the pseudo-random chip sequence that is mixed with the data to producethe spread spectrum signal. The spreading code is generated by the Tsunami radio internally.Different codes can be selected using the DIP switches on the Tsunami radio rear panel.The spreading code must be the same for both ends of a radiolink.The spreading code has no effect with the Model 31185 (8Mbps)3-channel Tsunami.Spreading codes are all set in the factory to code 1. Should the code need to be changed, thenboth ends of the link must be changed.Changing the spreading code is an out-of-service adjustment. There are two DIP switch segmentson SW3 located on the rear panel which select the spreading codes. See Figure 3-7 for DIPswitch segment settings.Figure 3-7: Spreading Code Selection
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOS SEPTEMBER 1999PAGE 3-26 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS3.13 System Turn-up to Service1. Prior to installing the system, it may be desirable to perform a back-to-back test of theTsunami radio pair. Consult Section 4.9 for further details. Back-to-back testing is a simpleway to verify that the Tsunami radios are fully operational before they are installed.Installation adds several variables (such as antenna alignment) which can lead to systemturn-up delays. Also, during back-to-back testing, the DIP switch settings and someconnections can be tested. This step can eliminate a majority of troubleshooting once theradios are installed.A cellular phone or two-way radio system (walkie talkie, CB,mobile radio) can be very useful during installation. Thesecan be used for temporary near-end and far-endcommunications between the installation personnel at onesite and installation personnel at the other site whileinstalling the system. These can also be helpful forcommunication between a person at the top of a very talltower and ground personnel.The Tsunami radio incorporates an internal Orderwire featurethat provides end-to-end “telephone” style communications.However, the link must be partially operational to use thisfeature. In lieu of, or in addition to the use of cellular phonesor two-way radio, this Orderwire feature can also be veryuseful for installation, but typically cannot be put into serviceuntil step 8 or 9 of this procedure is completed. See Section3.14.1 for more details.2. Perform a general alignment of the antennas on both ends of the path using binoculars,compass or other related tools. It is important to have the antennas aligned as accuratelyas possible before putting radio traffic over the link. This will help in getting the systemrunning more rapidly. See Section 3.10 for more details.3. Connect the transmission line to the antenna, and feed it to the Tsunami radio location(see Section 3.9). Connect the opposite end of the transmission line to the N-type femaleconnector located on the filter assembly which occupies the top half of the Tsunami rearpanel. The connection must be terminated into an antenna or a load before DC power isapplied to the radio.4. Verify that DIP switch settings for frequency channel selection match that of the filter thatis installed on the rear of the radio. Consult 3.12.1 for further details. The far-end radiomust have the same channel plan (e.g. A, B, C) as the near-end radio, and the oppositeTx and Rx frequencies (e.g. A1 and A2 make up a matched pair of radios).5. Verify that the DIP switch settings for spreading code are the same for both ends of theradio link (see Section 3.12.3).6. With the DC power source active, but not plugged into the Tsunami radio, using avoltmeter, confirm that the DC mating connector has the proper power connections in
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOSSEPTEMBER 1999SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-27accordance with Section 3.7. Verify the polarity and the absolute voltage on all pins. Verifyground connection for power.7. Connect power to the Tsunami radio. Verify that the Front Panel “ON” LED indication isilluminated. This confirms that power has been properly applied.Ensure that the RF Antenna port connection is properlyterminated before applying power to the Tsunami terminal, asin step 3.When the Tsunami radio is initially powered-on, some alarmconditions may be present. This is normal and alarms can beignored at this time.8. Place a voltmeter across the GND and PWR front panel test points. See Figure 3-8 and3-9 for voltage setting information and Table 3-C for typical output power levels for givencable lengths where EIRP limits apply. If necessary, use a small screwdriver at the frontpanel receptacle to adjust the output power of the local transmitter in accordance with thepath analysis calculations. The recessed potentiometer is rotated clockwise to increasetransmit output power and counter clockwise to decrease transmit output power. Afterverifying correct setting of the transmit output power, disconnect the voltmeter. Place thecover cap found in the installation accessory kit over the front panel receptacle.The Tsunami radio requires professional installation. With someTsunami models, in certain countries, there may be EffectiveIsotropic Radiated Power (EIRP) limits which dictate themaximum output power that the Tsunami radio can transmitgiven the transmission line loss and the gain of the antenna.Consult with appropriate government agencies or GlenayreWestern Multiplex if there is any question regarding maximumoutput power allowed.In the USA, 5.8 GHz models may be operated at full power. 2.4GHz models may require a power reduction of 1 dB from +30dBm input power, as measured at the antenna feed, for every 3dB that the antenna gain exceeds +6 dB. See Section 3.3.3 andTables 3-C or 3-D for more details.
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOS SEPTEMBER 1999PAGE 3-28 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTSFigure 3-8: Typical RF Output Power versus PWR Voltage, 2.4 GHz ModelsUse the Tsunami Factory Test Data sheet to determine moreprecisely the voltage corresponding to the RF output power.
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOSSEPTEMBER 1999SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-29Figure 3-9: Typical RF Output Power versus PWR Voltage, 5.8 GHz ModelsUse the Tsunami Factory Test Data sheet to determine moreprecisely the voltage corresponding to the RF output power.
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOS SEPTEMBER 1999PAGE 3-30 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTSFor precision measurement of transmit output power, it is bestto connect an RF power meter to the antenna port. The PWRport voltage may not provide enough precision. This isespecially important where EIRP limits apply to the installation.In cases of no EIRP limits, the radio transmitter output powercan be adjusted to maximum for installation, except for veryshort paths using very high gain antennas, where excessivepower may not be advised.Don’t forget that the RF output port should be terminated at alltimes when power is applied to the Tsunami radio. Therefore,disconnect power to the radio before connecting a power meterand reapply power once connected. Often, an RF power metermay have a limit to the input power that it can measure withoutdamage. It is advised to place a calibrated fixed value RFattenuator (typically 20 dB or more) between the Tsunami radioand the power meter to assure proper operation and safety forthe RF power meter. The value of this fixed attenuation can thenbe added to the value of the RF power meter reading to obtainthe actual Tsunami radio transmitter output power.9. Connect a voltmeter across the GND and RSL front panel test points. Thisvoltage reading corresponds to the Received Signal Level (RSL) of the near-end radio. Inother words, RSL is the “amount” of signal the near-end radio is receiving from the far-end radio. Since the antennas have not been finely aligned, it is not expected at this timethat the RSL will read very high. However, at this point it can be verified that somecommunication is taking place between the two Tsunami terminals. Use the RSL voltagereading to align the antennas. Align one antenna at a time in accordance with Section3.10. Complete alignment of both ends of the radio link before going further.The RSL voltage output on the radio's front panel will output avoltage range over the full receiving capability of the radio(approximately 10 VDC at 0 dBm to 0.0 VDC at threshold).The Tsunami radio has a unique feature of allowing measurement of the far-end RSL from thenear-end radio. This is only possible if the Tsunami radios are communicating (the RSL is abovethreshold). The far-end RSL can be used to verify that adjustments to local antenna alignment arecorresponding to the far-end radio reception. Far-end RSL is measured by pressing and holdingthe DISPLAY FAR END front panel button. While this button is held, the RSL voltage indicates theRSL of the far-end radio. RSL of both ends should be verified to be within approximately 2 dB ofpredicted value (see Section 3.3.3). There are several factors that can contribute to low RSL:- Incorrect antenna alignment (aligned on a lobe and not on the main signal)- Improper polarization alignment of antennas (horizontal vs. vertical)- Transmission line problems (loose connections, bent or damaged cables, lossyadapters)- Path obstructions (trees, buildings, hills, etc.)- Path clearance (line-of-sight, earth curvature, Fresnel zone, diffraction and partialobstruction)
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOSSEPTEMBER 1999SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-31- Weather (inversion layers, ducting and multipath)- Antenna feed (coaxial/connector) problemThe Tsunami radio requires professional installation. Don’tforget that the transmitter output power adjustment on theTsunami radio effects the RSL. Depending on EIRP limits (ifany), path distance, and antenna gain, you may need toadjust the output transmit power to the proper level beforeputting the radios in service.If radio synchronization has been established, the radio linkmay be able to provide some limited communications over thelink. It can be helpful to establish voice communications fromone end of the radio link to the other using the Orderwirefeature of the Tsunami radio. See Section 3.14.1 for details.If RSL is lower than anticipated, recheck the path clearance and transmission line as these arethe typical causes of low RSL. Radio operations can be verified by connecting radios back-to-backwith attenuators (40-60 dB), (see Section 4.9). If the problem remains, consult Section 4 of thismanual for troubleshooting techniques which will help determine the source of the problem.10. Once RSL is verified to be near the predicted value, the radio link is ready for data. Youmay verify error-free operation by using the link test function, as described in Section3.13.2. If the link is not error-free, see Section 4.7 for troubleshooting guidelines.11. Once radio performance is verified and acceptable, with link test mode turned off (pressthe ENABLE button, the LED will turn off), the Tsunami radios can now be put into servicewith the intended Ethernet traffic. Connect to the LAN or computer using the RJ4510BaseT connector. With Ethernet traffic applied in both directions, all front panel LEDs,except for POWER and the data TXD/RXD lights should be off. If any other LEDs are on,consult the trouble shooting sections of this manual.12. Now that the link is operational, other services can be connected including Orderwire,Diagnostics, Alarms and Aux Data (Service Channel). Consult Section 3.14 for details onthese connections.
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOS SEPTEMBER 1999PAGE 3-32 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS TRANSMITTER POWER (dBm) . .Feeder Feeder 2.4 GHz, 1/2" Coax 2.4 GHz, 7/8" Coax 5.8 GHz, 1/2" Coax 5.8 GHz, EW52 WaveguideLength Length 4' Dish 6' Dish 8' Dish 4' Dish 6' Dish 8' Dish 2' Dish 4' Dish 6' Dish 8' Dish 2' Dish 4' Dish 6' Dish 8' DishMeters Feet3.0 10 9.4 4.9 3.4 9.2 4.7 3.2 7.7 1.7 -1.3 -4.3 7.1 1.1 -1.9 -4.96.1 20 9.8 5.3 3.8 9.4 4.9 3.4 8.3 2.3 -0.7 -3.7 7.3 1.3 -1.7 -4.79.1 30 10.1 5.6 4.1 9.7 5.2 3.7 9.0 3.0 0.0 -3.0 7.4 1.4 -1.6 -4.612.2 40 10.5 6.0 4.5 9.9 5.4 3.9 9.6 3.6 0.6 -2.4 7.5 1.5 -1.5 -4.515.2 50 10.9 6.4 4.9 10.1 5.6 4.1 10.3 4.3 1.3 -1.7 7.7 1.7 -1.3 -4.318.3 60 11.3 6.8 5.3 10.3 5.8 4.3 11.0 5.0 2.0 -1.0 7.8 1.8 -1.2 -4.221.3 70 11.7 7.2 5.7 10.5 6.0 4.5 11.6 5.6 2.6 -0.4 7.9 1.9 -1.1 -4.124.4 80 12.0 7.5 6.0 10.8 6.3 4.8 12.3 6.3 3.3 0.3 8.0 2.0 -1.0 -4.027.4 90 12.4 7.9 6.4 11.0 6.5 5.0 12.9 6.9 3.9 0.9 8.2 2.2 -0.8 -3.830.5 100 12.8 8.3 6.8 11.2 6.7 5.2 13.6 7.6 4.6 1.6 8.3 2.3 -0.7 -3.733.5 110 13.2 8.7 7.2 11.4 6.9 5.4 14.3 8.3 5.3 2.3 8.4 2.4 -0.6 -3.636.6 120 13.6 9.1 7.6 11.6 7.1 5.6 14.9 8.9 5.9 2.9 8.6 2.6 -0.4 -3.439.6 130 13.9 9.4 7.9 11.9 7.4 5.9 15.6 9.6 6.6 3.6 8.7 2.7 -0.3 -3.342.7 140 14.3 9.8 8.3 12.1 7.6 6.1 16.2 10.2 7.2 4.2 8.8 2.8 -0.2 -3.245.7 150 14.7 10.2 8.7 12.3 7.8 6.3 16.9 10.9 7.9 4.9 9.0 3.0 0.0 -3.048.8 160 15.1 10.6 9.1 12.5 8.0 6.5 17.6 11.6 8.6 5.6 9.1 3.1 0.1 -2.951.8 170 15.5 11.0 9.5 12.7 8.2 6.7 18.2 12.2 9.2 6.2 9.2 3.2 0.2 -2.854.9 180 15.8 11.3 9.8 13.0 8.5 7.0 18.9 12.9 9.9 6.9 9.3 3.3 0.3 -2.757.9 190 16.2 11.7 10.2 13.2 8.7 7.2 19.5 13.5 10.5 7.5 9.5 3.5 0.5 -2.561.0 200 16.6 12.1 10.6 13.4 8.9 7.4 20.2 14.2 11.2 8.2 9.6 3.6 0.6 -2.464.0 210 17.0 12.5 11.0 13.6 9.1 7.6 20.9 14.9 11.9 8.9 9.7 3.7 0.7 -2.367.1 220 17.4 12.9 11.4 13.8 9.3 7.8 21.5 15.5 12.5 9.5 9.9 3.9 0.9 -2.170.1 230 17.7 13.2 11.7 14.1 9.6 8.1 22.2 16.2 13.2 10.2 10.0 4.0 1.0 -2.073.2 240 18.1 13.6 12.1 14.3 9.8 8.3 22.8 16.8 13.8 10.8 10.1 4.1 1.1 -1.976.2 250 18.5 14.0 12.5 14.5 10.0 8.5 MAX 17.5 14.5 11.5 10.3 4.3 1.3 -1.779.2 260 18.9 14.4 12.9 14.7 10.2 8.7 MAX 18.2 15.2 12.2 10.4 4.4 1.4 -1.682.3 270 19.3 14.8 13.3 14.9 10.4 8.9 MAX 18.8 15.8 12.8 10.5 4.5 1.5 -1.585.3 280 19.6 15.1 13.6 15.2 10.7 9.2 MAX 19.5 16.5 13.5 10.6 4.6 1.6 -1.488.4 290 20.0 15.5 14.0 15.4 10.9 9.4 MAX 20.1 17.1 14.1 10.8 4.8 1.8 -1.291.4 300 20.4 15.9 14.4 15.6 11.1 9.6 MAX 20.8 17.8 14.8 10.9 4.9 1.9 -1.194.5 310 20.8 16.3 14.8 15.8 11.3 9.8 MAX 21.5 18.5 15.5 11.0 5.0 2.0 -1.097.5 320 21.2 16.7 15.2 16.0 11.5 10.0 MAX 22.1 19.1 16.1 11.2 5.2 2.2 -0.8100.6 330 21.5 17.0 15.5 16.3 11.8 10.3 MAX 22.8 19.8 16.8 11.3 5.3 2.3 -0.7103.6 340 21.9 17.4 15.9 16.5 12.0 10.5 MAX MAX 20.4 17.4 11.4 5.4 2.4 -0.6106.7 350 22.3 17.8 16.3 16.7 12.2 10.7 MAX MAX 21.1 18.1 11.6 5.6 2.6 -0.4109.7 360 22.7 18.2 16.7 16.9 12.4 10.9 MAX MAX 21.8 18.8 11.7 5.7 2.7 -0.3112.8 370 23.1 18.6 17.1 17.1 12.6 11.1 MAX MAX 22.4 19.4 11.8 5.8 2.8 -0.2115.8 380 23.4 18.9 17.4 17.4 12.9 11.4 MAX MAX MAX 20.1 11.9 5.9 2.9 -0.1118.9 390 23.8 19.3 17.8 17.6 13.1 11.6 MAX MAX MAX 20.7 12.1 6.1 3.1 0.1121.9 400 24.2 19.7 18.2 17.8 13.3 11.8 MAX MAX MAX 21.4 12.2 6.2 3.2 0.2Table 3-C: Transmitter Output Power Adjustment, +6 dBW EIRP Installations(Such as Canada)
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOSSEPTEMBER 1999SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-33Feeder Feeder TRANSMITTER POWER (dBm)Length Length 2.4 GHz, 1/2" Coax 2.4 GHz, 7/8" CoaxMeters Feet 4' Dish 6' Dish 8' Dish 4' Dish 6' Dish 8' Dish3.0 10 23.4 22.0 21.2 23.2 21.9 21.16.1 20 23.8 22.4 21.6 23.5 22.1 21.39.1 30 24.1 22.8 22.0 23.7 22.4 21.512.2 40 24.5 23.2 22.4 23.9 22.6 21.815.2 50 24.9 23.6 22.7 24.2 22.8 22.018.3 60 25.3 23.9 23.1 24.4 23.0 22.221.3 70 25.7 24.3 23.5 24.6 23.3 22.424.4 80 26.0 24.7 23.9 24.8 23.5 22.727.4 90 26.4 25.1 24.3 25.1 23.7 22.930.5 100 26.8 25.5 24.6 25.3 24.0 23.133.5 110 27.2 25.8 25.0 25.5 24.2 23.436.6 120 27.6 26.2 25.4 25.8 24.4 23.639.6 130 27.9 26.6 25.8 26.0 24.7 23.842.7 140 28.3 27.0 26.2 26.2 24.9 24.145.7 150 28.7 27.4 26.5 26.5 25.1 24.348.8 160 29.1 27.7 26.9 26.7 25.3 24.551.8 170 29.5 28.1 27.3 26.9 25.6 24.754.9 180 29.8 28.5 27.7 27.1 25.8 25.057.9 190 MAX 28.9 28.1 27.4 26.0 25.261.0 200 MAX 29.3 28.4 27.6 26.3 25.464.0 210 MAX 29.6 28.8 27.8 26.5 25.767.1 220 MAX MAX 29.2 28.1 26.7 25.970.1 230 MAX MAX 29.6 28.3 27.0 26.173.2 240 MAX MAX MAX 28.5 27.2 26.476.2 250 MAX MAX MAX 28.8 27.4 26.679.2 260 MAX MAX MAX 29.0 27.6 26.882.3 270 MAX MAX MAX 29.2 27.9 27.085.3 280 MAX MAX MAX 29.4 28.1 27.388.4 290 MAX MAX MAX 29.7 28.3 27.591.4 300 MAX MAX MAX 29.9 28.6 27.794.5 310 MAX MAX MAX MAX 28.8 28.097.5 320 MAX MAX MAX MAX 29.0 28.2100.6 330 MAX MAX MAX MAX 29.3 28.4103.6 340 MAX MAX MAX MAX 29.5 28.7106.7 350 MAX MAX MAX MAX 29.7 28.9109.7 360 MAX MAX MAX MAX 29.9 29.1112.8 370 MAX MAX MAX MAX MAX 29.3115.8 380 MAX MAX MAX MAX MAX 29.6118.9 390 MAX MAX MAX MAX MAX 29.8121.9 400 MAX MAX MAX MAX MAX 30.0Table 3-D: Transmitter Output Power Adjustment for 2.4 GHz, USA Installations
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOS SEPTEMBER 1999PAGE 3-34 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS3.13.1 Output Power AdjustmentThe Tsunami radio requires professional installation. In certain cases, it is necessary to adjust theoutput power from the factory setting, for example:❖to meet EIRP (effective isotropic radiated power) limits, such as +6 dBW in Canada.❖to meet transmitter output limits in the 2.4 GHz band for USA installations.❖to avoid exceeding the maximum far-end RSL of 0 dBm.❖to coordinate a hub or repeater location.To ensure maximum protection of the radio circuits, alwaysensure the antenna connector is terminated when power isapplied.For precise measurement of transmitter power, a calibrated RF power meter (such as the HP435B with Power Sensor HP8481) is recommended. This power sensor can be connected directlyto the output of the radio without exceeding the power rating. With some power meters, it may benecessary to place a calibrated in-line fixed attenuator between the radio antenna port and thepower meter so as to not exceed the power meter’s maximum input level. Thruline power metersdo not operate at Tsunami RF frequencies.If adjusting the output power to meet an EIRP limit, it will be first necessary to calculate the overallsystem gains and losses, including feeder losses for the type of transmission line installed and theantenna gain. Also refer to Table 3-C or 3-D for transmitter output power settings where installedwith various transmission line lengths and antenna sizes. You may determine the radio transmitpower for EIRP limited installations by the following equation:Tx Power (dBm) = EIRP Limit(dBm) + Feeder Loss(dB) - Antenna Gain(dB)In the USA, 2.4 GHz models have an output limit which is determined by:Tx Power (dBm) = 30 - [(Antenna Gain - 6)/ 3] + Feeder LossOutput power may be adjusted using a small screwdriver and rotating the potentiometer which isrecessed behind the front panel. Clockwise rotation increases output power while counter-clockwise rotation decreases output power.In lieu of a calibrated RF power meter, the PWR test port voltage can be used to estimate theoutput power. Figures 3-18 & 3-9 illustrate the voltage reading for various output power levels.The factory test data sheet should be used to establish a more precise setting of this adjustment.After setting the correct output power, place the cover capfound in the installation accessory kit over the front panelreceptacle.
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOSSEPTEMBER 1999SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-353.13.2 Link TestingWhen a pair of Tsunami radios are installed and communicating with each other, a link test canbe performed to evaluate the bridge performance.The Tsunami uses an internal test signal for link test.To test the link including the far-end radio, press ENABLE and hold for approximately 3 seconds.then release the ENABLE button on the front panel of the near-end radio. The ENABLE LEDshould now be blinking.If the ENABLE link test button LED is illuminated and notblinking, this means the far-end radio has initiated link testmanually.When link test is enabled, the ERROR LED should not illuminate if the path is operating error-free. If the ERROR LED illuminates, this means that at least one bit error has occurred.
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOS SEPTEMBER 1999PAGE 3-36 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS 3.13.3 Error LED Mode SelectionThe ERROR LED illuminates if any errors are present in the data stream during link test.The default mode for this LED is “latched.” That is, when a single error occurs, the LEDilluminates and stays lit until link test is turned off. This mode is especially useful for long term(overnight) testing, or any time that an operator is not watching the radio during testing.There is an optional mode for this LED which is “unlatched.” This allows the user to “view” theerror rate. In this mode, the LED will flash on each time a single or multiple error occurs. The LEDturns off if no further errors occur. This mode can be useful if a BER test set is not available andthe user wishes to determine the nature of any error conditions (bursting, dribbling, occasional).In “unlatched” mode, when any errors occur, the ERROR LED will illuminate for a minimum of onesecond. If errors continue within this one second interval, the LED will remain on until there are noerrors for 1 second.The two modes for this LED are selected by a rear panel DIP switch, as shown in Figure 3-10.Figure 3-10: Error LED Mode SelectionIn the LED unlatch mode, after 100 errors the ERROR LEDwill remain lit to indicate excessive errors.
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOSSEPTEMBER 1999SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-373.14 Additional ConnectionsThere are additional customer connections which are optional and are not required to make theTsunami operational but may prove useful.3.14.1 Orderwire Connection and Address SelectionOrderwire is a “telephone” type wayside service which allows users of the Tsunami radio toestablish voice communications from one radio to another, either directly to the companion far-end, or through a repeater configuration, or several repeater configurations.Telephone connection specifications:REN (Ringer Equivalency Number) 1.0 BDTMF toneswithin ±1.5% of nominal freq.Ringing Voltage 48 VDC, typical(Ringing voltage is adequate for modern solid state ringers,NOT for the older mechanical type ringers)This Orderwire service does not affect the normal radio transmission of data traffic. Refer toSection 2.3.5 for the telephone specifications. For simple near-end to far-end communications,follow the steps below:1. Using a small screwdriver, set the address of both terminals by rotating the address rotaryselection switches on the rear panel of the Tsunami radio. The address is a two digit number(from 01 to 99). Each Tsunami terminal in the network should have a unique address. Thisaddress acts like a “phone number” for other users to call a particular terminal. Each Tsunamiterminal should have a unique address.Radio pairs (links) are shipped from the factory with addresses set to01 or 02. Therefore, if only one pair is being used, address selectionmay not be necessary.
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOS SEPTEMBER 1999PAGE 3-38 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTSFigure 3-11: RJ-11 Orderwire Telephone Connection2. Using a standard RJ-11 telephone cable, connect a standard electronic telephone (atouch tone phone, complete with dialer; a handset by itself will not work) to the Orderwireconnector on the Tsunami front panel. This connector is wired identically to a standardtwo-wire telephone jack, see Figure 3-11 for details.3. With a telephone connected to each Tsunami terminal on opposite ends of the link, eithertelephone can be used to “dial-up” the far-end location. Simply pick up the handset of thenear-end telephone and dial the two-digit address of the far-end Tsunami terminal. Thefar-end terminal’s internal ringer and the connected telephone will ring, and if answered,two-way full-duplex voice communication is established.If using the Orderwire or Network management functions, allTsunami radios connected must have unique address settings(telephone numbers).The orderwire address is set by two rotary switches on the rearpanel of the Tsunami radio. Use as small screwdriver to selectthe orderwire address (01 through 99).
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOSSEPTEMBER 1999SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-394. If the Tsunami radios are connected in a repeater configuration, Orderwire services can beestablished to all Tsunami terminals in the network by implementing a connection of theirrear-panel connectors between repeater terminals. At the repeater site, a cable can beconnected to the two Tsunami terminals between their rear panel VF 25-pin connectors asshown in Figure 3-12. With this cable in place, the Orderwire function will operate at terminalsat each end of the repeater and at the repeater site. This function can be continued throughseveral repeater sites if desired. For hub connections of 3 or more Tsunami radios at thesame site, an external 4-wire bridge is required to connect all radios to the orderwire.The orderwire system can be integrated with orderwireequipment supported by many other vendors. If your existingorderwire network uses 2 digit addressing, and 0 dBm VFinterface, it can be connected to a Tsunami as shown in Figure3-18.Dialing a ✶ (star key) on the orderwire telephone implements an “all call”feature which rings all connected radios. Also, if a phone anywhere in theconnected network has accidentally been left off-hook, the # (pound key)key can be used to mute all off-hook handsets until they are placed onand off hook again.The orderwire operates like a “party line”. All telephones providecommunication to all other telephones in the connected network. Even ifa particular telephone does not ring, it can still be used to talk and listento any ongoing orderwire activity if the orderwire is in use at otherterminal locations.Figure 3-12: VF Port ConnectionVF Connector OrderWireConnection
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOS SEPTEMBER 1999PAGE 3-40 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS3.14.2 Alarm ConnectionsExternal alarm outputs are provided at the 25-pin, D-type subminiature ALARM connector. Thereare two Form C summary alarm relays capable of switching 30 VDC at 1 A. Also, individual alarmlogic outputs capable of sourcing and sinking 1mA are provided. These individual alarms interfaceto a single standard TTL load. When the unit is IN ALARM = “0”, the TTL output is 0 V to ±0.5 V.When the unit is NO ALARM = “1”, the TTL output is +3.5 V to +5.5 V. See Table 3-E and Figure3-13 for Alarm Connections.The “summary” alarm (Form C relay) is activated by any near-end front panel LED alarmcondition, including if the internal link test mode is enabled.The “out-of-service summary” alarm (Form C relay) is activated by any of the following alarmconditions:❖RX SYNC❖Radio Fail❖Link Test EnabledFigure 3-13: Pin Connections, ALARM Interface
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOSSEPTEMBER 1999SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-41PIN 2 Not used PIN 16 NC, SUMMARY ALARM, FORM C - normallyclosed connection on summary alarm relay.PIN 4 Not used PIN 17 NO, OUT OF SERVICE SUMMARY ALARM,FORM C - normally open connection on out-of-service summary alarm relay. Closed whenin alarm.PIN 6 BER - in alarm when the received signal isdegraded to an high error rate. PIN 18 C, OUT OF SERVICE SUMMARY ALARM,FORM C - common connection for the out-of-service summary alarm relay.PIN 8 MUTED – If SW1-5 has been toggled ON, themute function is disabled. Enabled, muteindicates an alarm condition that is one orboth of the following:1) The security address setting for switch 2on the back of the radio does not match theradio bridge on the other end of the link.2) There is an excessive number of dataerrors on the 10BaseT connection that theradio will not transmit so it MUTEs the datafrom being sent.PIN 19 NC, OUT OF SERVICE SUMMARY ALARM,FORM C - normally closed connection on out-of-service summary alarm relay. Open whenin alarm.PIN 10 FAN - in alarm when one or both of theinternal fans are not operative. PIN 21 NOT USEDPIN 12 FAR-END - in alarm when the far-end radiohas an alarm condition. PIN 22 NOT USEDPIN 14 NO, SUMMARY ALARM, FORM C - normallyopen connection on summary alarm relay.Closed when in alarm.PIN 24 TX PWR MON - voltage equal to the TX PWRfront panel voltage.PIN 15 C, SUMMARY ALARM, FORM C - commonconnection on the summary alarm relay. PIN 25 RSL MON - voltage equal to the RSL frontpanel voltage. Equals far-end RSL ifDISPLAY FAR END button is pressed andheld.PINS 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 20, & 23 GROUND, CHASSIS CONNECTIONTable 3-E: Alarm Interface ConnectionsAll alarms are active for a minimum of one second, or as longas the alarm condition persists, which ever is longer.TTL signals are “in alarm” when there is a TTL zero condition(0 V to ± 0.5 V).
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOS SEPTEMBER 1999PAGE 3-42 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS3.14.3 Diagnostics Port OperationThe Diagnostics Port is used to retrieve diagnostic about the Tsunami radios by means of acomputer connection. This port is normally used only by Glenayre Western Multiplex.The diagnostics port allows connection of either EIA standard RS-232 or RS-422 devices to polland receive status of the Tsunami radio. This serial port provides similar information to that whichis normally available to a local operator by means of visual alarms and status (front panel LEDs,ADDRESS, DIP switch settings etc.), including voltage level measurements (such as RSL, PWR)and alarm port (see Section 3.14.2) status. The diagnostics port can also provide extendedinformation including some advanced diagnostics and configuration information. Any informationthat is available on the far-end terminal is also available at the near-end Diagnostics port (such asfar-end RSL, far-end alarms) by means of bridging the AUX DATA port (as described in Section3.14.4). A DIP switch is used to define the command protocol for this port as shown in Figure 3-14. The default setting is for user data. The other setting is for factory use only.Figure 3-14: Diagnostic Port Protocol Selection
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOSSEPTEMBER 1999SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-433.14.3.1 Diagnostics Port using RS-232For RS-232 diagnostics connection to the Tsunami radio, connect the serial device (modem,computer, terminal) to the male 9-pin subminiature connector in accordance with Figure 3-15.Figure 3-15: RS-232 Diagnostic Port ConnectionsPins 6 through 9 must not be connected for RS-232communications to operate properly.
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOS SEPTEMBER 1999PAGE 3-44 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS3.14.3.2 Diagnostics Port using RS-422For RS-422 Diagnostics connection to the Tsunami radio, connect to the serial device (modem,computer, terminal) to the male 9-pin subminiature connector in accordance with Figure 3-16.Figure 3-16: RS-422 Diagnostic Port ConnectionsDo not connect devices to both the RS-232 and RS-422connections of the Diagnostics Port. This will cause dataconflicts that will result in errors over the interface.
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOSSEPTEMBER 1999SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-453.14.4 AUX DATA (Digital Service Channel) ConnectionThe AUX DATA port is a separate wayside serial port which can be configured to allow theconnection of any user serial data (to 9600 baud) through the radio network. Connection to theAUX DATA port is an RS-232 or RS-422 serial interface, identical to the diagnostics port (seeSection 3.14.3). This port does not affect the Ethernet traffic on the Tsunami radio.Figure 3-17: AUX DATA Cable Connection for Repeater/Hub
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOS SEPTEMBER 1999PAGE 3-46 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS3.14.5 Fail-over optionThere is a separate fail-over switch available as an option (please consult the factory for a datasheet, pricing and availability).This protection switch option will switch from one radio to another radio set up similarly at a radiosite with each radio being monitored in order to provide an even higher reliability for the radio link.For more information, request the protection switch data sheet or visit the web site.
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOSSEPTEMBER 1999SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-47Your Notes on the Tsunami Radio
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOSSEPTEMBER 1999SECTION 4: TROUBLESHOOTING PAGE 4-14. Troubleshooting4.1 Regular MaintenanceThe Tsunami radios do not require any regular maintenance, however, it is prudent to monitor theradio link at regular intervals to assure that the link conditions are not changing. When visiting aradio site for maintenance, the following items may be checked and their results recorded:❖RSL Voltage❖PWR Voltage❖Far-end RSL Voltage❖Alarm conditions❖Verify radio has adequate ventilationIf any alarm conditions exist, they should be recorded, and troubleshooting procedures from thisSection of the manual should be followed.
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOS SEPTEMBER 1999PAGE 4-2 SECTION 4: TROUBLESHOOTING4.2 Changing Frequency PlansThe Tsunami RF frequency selections are listed in Section 3.5. The near-end radio and the far-end radio must be corresponding (e.g. A1 / A2). The frequency of a given Tsunami terminal is setby the specific filter, the physical orientation of this assembly, and the setting of correspondingDIP Switches. (See Section 3.12.1 for more details.)With respect to a given filter, the frequencies are fixed, because tuned RF filters are required fornormal operation. Changing of the (pretuned) radio frequencies may be required when installingspares or for special situations, such as interference mitigation. This is accomplished by installingan alternate filter or reorienting the existing filter.For any given model of Tsunami, the frequency channel can be changed by swapping and /orreorienting the filter.It is not necessary to remove the cover assembly of the Tsunami1. Remove any cables connected to the antenna connector on the diplexer (filter) and thenremove the two screws which mount the filter to the Tsunami chassis.2. Slowly remove the filter from the chassis being careful to not endanger the cables that areconnected to the rear side of the filter.3. Disconnect the two SMA connectors that are attached to the rear of the filter with a 5/16”open end wrench.4. Select the new filter or orient the existing filter such that the frequency channel label on thefilter (showing the DIP switch positions) is right-side-up corresponding to the desiredfrequency channel.5. Connect the two SMA connectors to the new or reoriented filter with the 5/16” open endwrench.6. Slowly place the wired filter assembly so that it is flush with the rear panel.7. Install the two screws which mount the filter to the rear panel.8. Refer to the rear panel filter label or Section 3.12.1 for DIP Switch settings to correspond tothe new filter and reattach the antenna cable.As an example, the filter assemblies of an A1 and A2 terminal areidentical. They are simply installed differently. An A1 terminal canbe changed into an A2 by removing the filter and rotating it 180degrees and reinstalling the filter. The DIP switch positions needto match the filter orientation, per the appropriate filter label.
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOSSEPTEMBER 1999SECTION 4: TROUBLESHOOTING PAGE 4-34.3 Using a Spare TerminalOne spare Tsunami terminal of a given model type will service any other radio in that same modeltype, independent of frequency channel plan. For example, a similar model 5.8 GHz channel A2can be used as a spare for any A, B or C channel radio at 5.8 GHz. See Section 4.2 for changingfrequencies of a spare radio.Customers with several radios, or radios in critical operations are encouraged to purchase one ormore spare radios of each model in their system. This will allow rapid restoration of radio servicein the unlikely event of a radio failure.
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOS SEPTEMBER 1999PAGE 4-4 SECTION 4: TROUBLESHOOTING4.4 Technical SupportGlenayre Western Multiplex provides 24-hour telephone technical support for installed Tsunamiradios. Customers are encouraged to troubleshoot the radio and link in accordance with the latterpart of this section in this manual before contacting Glenayre Western Multiplex. GlenayreWestern Multiplex also has a limited supply of Tsunami radios that can be loaned to out-of-servicecustomers for installation while units are being repaired. Loaner supply is limited, and is only usedfor critical applications on a first-come, first-served basis.Customer service #: +1 408 542-5390
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOSSEPTEMBER 1999SECTION 4: TROUBLESHOOTING PAGE 4-54.5 Repair PolicyThe Tsunami terminal includes comprehensive alarm indicators designed to diagnose potentialfaults. Should a fault occur, it often may be resolved by operator adjustment.Should a fault occur that cannot be resolved by operator adjustment and has been confirmed bylooping terminals together on the bench (See Section 4.9), then the equipment should be returnedto the factory for repair.The Tsunami radio is a complex system not designed for user repair. Do not remove the cover oropen any part of the Tsunami terminal. The complete Tsunami terminal should be sent back in itsoriginal packing material for factory repair.Please contact the factory in advance of returning the product. You will be assigned a ReturnMaterial Authorization (RMA) number that authorizes your return. Units sent to the factory withoutan RMA number may be delayed in the processing of the repair. Be sure to include the followinginformation:❖RMA number❖description of the problem❖your name and telephone number❖return shipping address❖urgency of repairPlease refer to the published Warranty policy for repair policydetails.Tsunami radios should be packaged in their original packingboxes for shipment whenever possible Glenayre WesternMultiplex can provide an empty box shipment to facilitateproper packaging. Regardless, proper and adequate packagingmust be used for shipments to protect the radio(s) fromdamage. Glenayre Western Multiplex can not be heldresponsible for any repairs due to inadequately packedmaterials. Damage caused by improper packing will likely resultin higher repair costs and delays (refer to the Warranty sectionat the beginning of this manual).
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOS SEPTEMBER 1999PAGE 4-6 SECTION 4: TROUBLESHOOTING4.6 Front Panel Status LEDsThere are several front panel status LEDs on the Tsunami radio. These LEDs indicate conditionswhere either a hardware failure has occurred or the radio link is not optimum. In many cases, acombination of LEDs may be illuminated. The following sections describe the necessarytroubleshooting procedures should any LED(s) indicate a problem during or after installation.
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOSSEPTEMBER 1999SECTION 4: TROUBLESHOOTING PAGE 4-74.6.1 BER (Bit Error Rate) AlarmFunction:This LED indicates that the traffic being received from the far-end radio is exceeding the bit errorrate threshold of the radio (approximately 1 x 10-6). This indicates that radio traffic currently haserrors on it which may exceed acceptable levels. This LED will stay ON as long as the BERthreshold is being exceeded. In some cases, it will turn ON and OFF, in which case there arebursts of errors causing intermittent degradation to the received data. In all cases, the LED will beon for at least 1 second for any group of errors which exceed the threshold, whether they are aburst of errors or a long string of errors.If the RX SYNC alarm is ON, the near-end or far-end radio inaddition to the BER alarm (on the same radio); the RX SYNCalarm should be the first priority for troubleshooting.Possible Causes:❖Path fading due to atmospheric conditions (usually accompanied by Far-End BERalarm) and low RSL voltage reading❖Poor transmission line connections (usually accompanied by Far-End BER alarm) andlow RSL voltage reading❖Antenna problems, misalignment or path clearance (usually accompanied by Far-EndBER alarm) and low RSL voltage reading❖Interference❖Received signal level (RSL) is too strong❖Far-end radio transmitter circuitry is faulty or Tx Power adjusted incorrectly (too low)❖Near-end radio receiver circuitry is faulty
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOS SEPTEMBER 1999PAGE 4-8 SECTION 4: TROUBLESHOOTINGRecommended Actions:An internal loopback test should be performed to verify that errors are occurring over the link:❖Verify that the near-end radio is set for internal Link Test mode and Latched Error LED(both default settings of rear panel DIP switch positions, as described in Sections 3.12.2and 3.13.3).❖Press and hold (for approximately 3 seconds, then release) the Link Test Enable switchon the front panel of one radio (this will take radios out of service). Let this test run for afew minutes.❖If the ERROR LED illuminates, this is verification that errors are on the link andtroubleshooting should continue.❖Press the Link Test Enable switch to deactivate loopback mode.Next measure RSL by placing a voltmeter across RSL and GND test points. Compare this voltageto the Factory Test Data Sheet and estimate the RSL in dBm. Compare this to the RSL that wasexpected using path calculations (see Section 3.3.3). Press and hold the DISPLAY FAR ENDbutton and measure the far-end RSL (while continuing to hold the button). Compare this RSL tothe Factory Test Data Sheet for the far-end radio and estimate the RSL in dBm. Again, comparethis RSL to the expected RSL from the link budget calculations.If RSL from both ends of the radio are approximately the same as each other, but lower thananticipated for this installation, then the likely cause of the BER alarm(s) is excessive lossesbetween the radios. Excessive loss problems could include the transmission line at either end, alladapters, connectors, the antennas, the antenna alignment as well as the path itself (anyobstructions or clearance problems). Antenna alignment, line-of-sight and path clearance shouldbe verified; if this does not improve RSL, all devices between the radios and their antennas atboth ends should be checked. Make sure all transmission line, connectors and any other devicesare properly rated for operation at the radio's frequency (2.4 or 5.8 GHz).If only one end has low RSL, this could be caused by low transmit output power from the oppositeend radio. Verify that the transmitter output power of the radio opposite to the low RSL receiverhas been set in accordance to path calculations, or EIRP restrictions (where applicable). Poweradjustment must be performed by professional installation personnel only. The PWR test pointcan be used and compared with the Factory Test Data Sheet, the front panel recessedpotentiometer can be turned clockwise to increase power. If an RF power meter is available, thiscan be connected to the RF output of the radio for precision measurement. This test will alsoverify that the radio transmitter is working properly.
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOSSEPTEMBER 1999SECTION 4: TROUBLESHOOTING PAGE 4-9If one terminal (or both) has high RSL, this could be caused by a very short path or interference.To verify the possible presence of interference, remove DC power to the radio which is opposite tothe one that is reading high RSL. Once power is removed, measure RSL on the remaining radio.If RSL voltage is higher than that which is listed for "Threshold" in the Factory Test Data Sheet,then an interfering signal is present. If interference is suspected, the easiest potential remedy is toswap frequency channels on both sides of the link. See Section 4.2 for details. Swap frequencieson both terminals so that they are the opposite from their original settings (e.g. change A1 into A2and A2 into A1). Make sure that you change the DIP switch settings to correspond to the channelchange. After both ends are changed, reconnect the radios and determine if the BER alarm is stillactive. If the BER alarm is still active, other frequency channels can be installed, or otherinterference countermeasures can be tried, in accordance with Section 4.8.If all path related and data input problems have been pursued and the BER alarm is still active,the problem could be related to a radio failure. While radio failure is typically indicated by moresevere alarm conditions, it is possible that one of the radios may be out of specification, and thiscould be the cause of the BER alarm. A back-to-back test will verify proper radio operation. SeeSection 4.9 for details. A threshold test on both radios along with a test to verify proper RF outputpower would be beneficial.Perform a back-to-back test before returning any radio terminal tothe factory for repair. A back-to-back test verifies radio operation.(See Section 4.9).If the radios successfully pass their back-to-back testing, the problem is likely with the path or theconnections between the radio and the antenna or interference. Before reinstalling the radios, besure to set the output power to the appropriate level for the installation and set rear panel DIPswitches to the desired settings for the installation.
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOS SEPTEMBER 1999PAGE 4-10 SECTION 4: TROUBLESHOOTING4.6.2 MUTE AlarmFunction:This LED indicates an alarm condition for one or both of the following:1) The security address setting for switch 2 on the back of the radio does not match theradio bridge on the other end of the link.2) There is an excessive number of data errors on the 10BaseT connection that the radiowill not transmit so it MUTEs the data from being sent.Possible Causes:❖Intermittent path fading due to atmospheric conditions (usually accompanied by Far-End RX SYNC or BER alarm) and low RSL voltage reading❖Also refer to 4.6.3 for other radio path problems.❖Improper radio switch settings (security address)Recommended Actions:❖Verify that both radios in the link have the same security code settings.❖Correct the 10BaseT connection and/or the corrupt data traffic over the LAN.
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOSSEPTEMBER 1999SECTION 4: TROUBLESHOOTING PAGE 4-114.6.3 RX SYNC (Receiver Synchronization) AlarmFunction:This LED indicates that the demodulator function is not synchronizing with the intended receivedsignal.Possible Causes:❖Severe path fading due to atmospheric conditions (usually accompanied by Far-End RXSYNC or BER alarm) and low RSL voltage reading❖Poor transmission line connections (usually accompanied by Far-End RX SYNC or BERalarm) and low RSL voltage reading❖Antenna problems, misalignment, or path clearance (usually accompanied by Far-EndRX SYNC or BER alarm) and low RSL voltage reading❖Improper radio settings (frequency channel, spread code)❖Interference❖Far-End radio transmitter circuitry is faulty❖Near-End radio receiver circuitry is faultyRecommended Actions:Check the following at each end of the link:❖Verify that rear panel filters are opposite channel plans on each end (e.g. one is A1 andother is A2).❖Verify that rear panel DIP switch settings match each installed filter (see Section3.12.1).❖Verify that each radio is set to the same spreading code (see Section 3.12.3).❖Verify that all connections between radios and antennas are secure and all devicesbetween radios and antennas are rated for the radio frequency band (2.4 or 5.8 GHz).If RX SYNC alarm continues, follow recommended actions for a BER alarm as described inSection 4.6.1.
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOS SEPTEMBER 1999PAGE 4-12 SECTION 4: TROUBLESHOOTING4.6.4 FAN AlarmFunction:This alarm activates only when one or both of the internal fans are faulty.Possible Cause:❖Faulty fan inside the radio.Recommended Actions:1. Check environmental conditions of the radio. Assure that the ambient temperature at the radiolocation is within specification of the radio. If not, apply environmental conditioning to radiolocation or place radio at alternate location where the environmental specifications are met.2. Visually inspect radio mounting area and ensure that right and left sides of the radio chassisare unobstructed for airflow.3. Verify that at least one of the internal fans are operational by temporarily covering some of theventilation holes on the right side of the radio (as you face the front panel) with a thin piece ofpaper. Slowly pull the paper outwards away from the ventilation holes to determine if the fan ispulling the paper toward the chassis. This can also be checked on the opposite side of thechassis to verify that the fans are pushing air out of the chassis.4. If at least one fan is working you may wish to postpone repair, as long as the unit is operatingwithout any other errors (the radio is designed to operate with only one fan)5. If neither fan is working or if typical operating environment is greater than 30°C, it isrecommended that the unit be repaired at the soonest opportunity. Return the radio to thefactory for repair. See Section 4.5 for details.
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOSSEPTEMBER 1999SECTION 4: TROUBLESHOOTING PAGE 4-134.6.5 RADIO FAIL AlarmFunction:The RADIO FAIL alarm indicates a known problem with the radio hardware.Possible Causes:❖Internal synthesizers are unlocked❖Internal digital circuits have failedRecommended Actions:1. Remove power from the unit.2. Check to make sure power supply voltages are within specification.3. Even if the voltages were within specification, reapply power to the unit.4. If RADIO FAIL alarm clears, place the radio back into service.5. If RADIO FAIL alarm does not clear, perform a back-to-back test to verify radio operation, asdescribed in Section 4.9.6. If RADIO FAIL alarm is still active in a back-to-back test, return the radio to the factory forrepair (see Section 4.5).
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOS SEPTEMBER 1999PAGE 4-14 SECTION 4: TROUBLESHOOTING4.6.6 FAR END AlarmFunction:This LED indicates that there is an alarm condition present on the far-end radio. When theDISPLAY FAR END button is pressed (and held), the status LEDs indicate the alarm conditions ofthe far-end radio.Possible Cause:❖One or more alarm condition(s) exist on the far-end radioRecommended Actions:1. Press and hold the DISPLAY FAR END button and observe the LED status.2. Follow instructions for troubleshooting the far-end radio in accordance to the appropriateLEDs which are in alarm, as described in Section 4.6.1 through 4.6.4.
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOSSEPTEMBER 1999SECTION 4: TROUBLESHOOTING PAGE 4-154.7 Errors in the Data StreamWhen the radio is in service, errors in the data stream may occur. This is usually known to theoperator by either faulty data indications of downstream equipment, or ERROR LED indicationsduring internal link testing.During internal test mode link testing, if an error is detected, the ERROR LED will illuminate. Indefault mode, this lamp will stay lit during link testing if a single error is detected. If Link Test hasbeen performed over a period of time and the ERROR LED does not latch on, the radio link isoperating completely error-free.The ERROR LED only operates in internal test signal link testmode.It is possible that no alarms appear on the front panel during normal operations, but there areerrors present in the data stream. If the BER LED is lit, this indicates rather severe errorconditions and it is best to follow the procedures provided in Section 4.6.1. In the case of this typeof error, the following information can be helpful to troubleshoot the radio link.Indications:❖In Link Test Mode, ERROR LED is illuminated❖Downstream equipment (Router, Switch, Hub, etc.) indicates errorsPossible Causes:❖Path fading due to atmospheric conditions❖Poor transmission line connections❖Antenna problems, misalignment or path clearance❖Received signal level (RSL) is too strong❖Far-End radio transmitter circuitry is faulty❖Near-End radio receiver circuitry is faulty❖InterferenceRecommended Actions:1. Verify 10BaseT wiring.2. Even if the BER alarm LED is unlit but errors continue, follow the instructions described inSection 4.6.1
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOS SEPTEMBER 1999PAGE 4-16 SECTION 4: TROUBLESHOOTING4.8 Interference CountermeasuresThe recommended interference countermeasures available to the Tsunami operator are asfollows:1. Short PathsThe single most effective countermeasure against interference is to maintain "short path" length.This may be achieved by dividing long paths into multiple small paths by cascading hops.Intermediate repeaters may be formed using back-to-back Tsunami terminals and transmit outputpower reduced, if required.By definition, "short path" is defined as a path where fades are extremely rare and signal levelsvary by no more than ±3 dB during fades. This distance will vary with the RF frequency. Typicallya "short path" is defined as any path length shorter than 5 miles at 5.8 GHz or 7 miles at 2.4 GHz.2. Narrow Beam Antennas (high gain)This is the next most effective countermeasure. Narrow beam antennas ensure that thetransmitted power is sent in a single direction and this minimizes the possibility of causinginterference inadvertently to other users. Narrow beam antennas also reject off-azimuth signalsbeing received from potential sources of interference and have high gain which boosts desiredreceive levels and improves the carrier to interference ratio. When selecting narrow beamantennas, it is helpful to know that larger antennas generally outperform smaller antennas.Another important antenna specification is the front-to-back ratio which ensures rejection ofunwanted signals from azimuth angles behind the antenna.3. Frequency SelectionThis is another very effective countermeasure. The Tsunami radio offers several distinct non-overlapping frequency channel plans (see Sections 3.5 and 4.2) and the radio’s RF filter is able toreject interference more than 10 MHz away from the receive frequency. Offset frequenciescombined with other countermeasures may enable several receive channels to operate at a singlehub site. Because of the limited spreading ratio used, frequency selection is more efficient thancode selection for interference rejection when operating multiple Tsunami terminals at a singlesite. Interference can often be overcome by exchanging frequencies of both-ends of the radio link(e.g. change your A1 terminal to an A2 and change the other end from an A2 to an A1). Also,changing channel plans (e.g. from A to B) can be very effective. (See Section 4.2).
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOSSEPTEMBER 1999SECTION 4: TROUBLESHOOTING PAGE 4-174. Antenna PolarizationCross-polarized antennas can provide approximately 20 to 30 dB discrimination of unwantedsignals. The actual discrimination will depend upon the antenna design and any rotation ofpolarization along the path, for example, due to reflections. Discrimination only exists between twoorthogonal polarizations:- vertical vs. horizontal or- left-hand circular vs. right-hand circularThere is only 3 dB discrimination between circular and linear (vertical or horizontal) polarization.Interference can sometimes be overcome by changing antenna polarization at both ends of thelink.5. Spreading Code SelectionThere are 4 selectable spreading codes provided for the Tsunami radio (See Section 3.12.3).These codes are selected by DIP switches and provide some discrimination against interferencefrom other Tsunami transmitters. The discrimination is limited to approximately 3 to 6 dB forradios using the same channel plan. This is the difference between the co-channel C/I when usingdifferent codes for the wanted and unwanted signals. When combined with a different frequencychannel, the code discrimination improves significantly beyond 3 to 6 dB. See Section 3.12.3 forcode selection details.6. Transmit PowerThe maximum level into the receiver is 0 dBm. Above this level, errors may occur in the receivedata stream. Transmit output power should be reduced on very short paths to avoid overload.7. Equipment/Antenna LocationOccasionally, interference is caused by the radio or the antenna being too close to another similartransmitter. For example, at 2.4 GHz, microwave ovens can exhibit interference if mounted nearthe radio or antenna. Other high powered transmitters may also cause interference. Moving theradio, the antennas, or the interfering equipment can reduce or eliminate interference.Interference countermeasures rely to some extent on themeasurement of the received interference level and frequency.Prior to turning up a new hop, a spectrum analyzer can be usedto monitor the spectrum at each end to check for possibleinterfering signals. See Section 4.8.1 for more details.
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOS SEPTEMBER 1999PAGE 4-18 SECTION 4: TROUBLESHOOTING4.8.1 Use of a Spectrum Analyzer to Evaluate Potential InterferenceConnecting to the antenna and using "peak hold" on a spectrum analyzer, the spectrum between2.4 GHz and 2.5 GHz (for 2.4 GHz radios) or 5.7 GHz and 5.9 GHz (for 5.8 GHz radios) can beswept and any signals being received at levels above the radio’s specified threshold identified. Ifpotential interfering signals are found, then the Tsunami frequency plan can be changed to avoida receive channel which may contain significant interference (see Section 4.2).For example, interference may be reduced by moving from the A1/A2 plan to the B1/B2 plan or byswapping terminals or RF filters so that A1 becomes A2.Signals outside the range of 2.4 GHz to 2.5 GHz (for 2.4 GHzradios) and 5.7 GHz to 5.9 GHz (for 5.8 GHz radios) may beignored: they will not cause interference.If a spectrum analyzer is not available, the RSL voltage can be used to indicate the backgroundnoise and interference level within the receiver RF filter band when the far-end transmitter isturned off. With the far-end radio turned off, if an RSL voltage level above the radio’s thresholdlevel is measured, there is potentially interference in this frequency channel.When using a spectrum analyzer for determining the presenceof interference, very narrow resolution bandwidth settings mustbe used to detect signals down to the radio’s threshold(approximately -87 to -95 dBm, depending on radio type).
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOSSEPTEMBER 1999SECTION 4: TROUBLESHOOTING PAGE 4-194.9 Back-to-Back TestingBack-to-back testing, as shown in Figure 4-1, is an ideal method of testing the Tsunami radios.This testing eliminates link problems caused by auxiliary equipment, installation, or the radio pathand isolates potential radio hardware problems. Back-to-back testing must be performed with bothradios at the same location. The following test equipment is required:❖DC power source capable of supplying approximately 90 Watts (total) to the radios (ortwo AC adapters)❖One low-loss coaxial cable, N-to-N male❖One (or more) coaxial in-line calibrated fixed attenuators, 40 to 80 dB total attenuationThe following test equipment may also be useful to perform further testing of the Tsunami radio:❖BER tester❖Variable (60 dB range or more) RF attenuator (rated for the proper frequency, 2.4 or 5.8GHz)❖RF power meterBack-to-back testing must be performed to verify a radioproblem before returning any radio to the factory for repair.When the equipment is connected as shown in Figure 4-1, both Tsunami radios should have noalarm conditions. When Link Test is enabled at either end, no errors should be registered by theERROR indication. If these conditions have been met, then it is likely that the Tsunami radio isoperating in accordance to specifications. If errors or alarms occur during this test, verify that allDIP switch settings are properly set. If alarms or errors are still present, the radio is likely to befaulty.If further troubleshooting is required, a variable RF attenuator can be inserted between the radiosto fade down the path to determine that the threshold specification is being met. The thresholdtests can be run in both directions to isolate the radio problem (if any). More information testing isprovided in Section 4.10. An RF power meter can be used to individually test each radio’s outputpower.
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOS SEPTEMBER 1999PAGE 4-20 SECTION 4: TROUBLESHOOTINGFigure 4-1: Back-to-Back Test ConfigurationThe Tsunami radios will be damaged if appropriate attenuation isnot supplied between radios. You must provide a minimum of 40dB and no more than 80 dB attenuation between the two radios.Tsunami Tsunami
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOSSEPTEMBER 1999SECTION 4: TROUBLESHOOTING PAGE 4-214.10 LINK TestingLink testing is the preferred way to evaluate a radio link’s performance. It can be performed fromend-to-end or in link test mode (which tests both directions of the radio path). Figure 4-2 illustratesa typical test configuration (which may include the radio’s path instead of in-line attenuators).Figure 4-2 illustrates a typical test configuration for end-to-end testing.When performing testing, make sure of the following:- Disconnect all 10BaseT inputs and outputs to both radios.- Verify all DIP switch settings.Link testing may be performed on the bench, with two terminals back to back, or over the radiopath. Also, it may be performed from end-to-end (which requires two 10BaseT test sets over alink, the far-end unit slaved to the near-end unit’s clock) or in loopback mode, as described inSection 4.9.If link testing indicates an unacceptable level of errors, follow the instructions in Section 4.6.1. orperform a back-to-back test as described in Section 4.9.Figure 4-2: End-to-End Test ConfigurationTsunami Tsunami10baseTTester 10baseTTester
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOS SEPTEMBER 1999PAGE 4-22 SECTION 4: TROUBLESHOOTINGYour Notes on the Tsunami Radio
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOSSEPTEMBER 1999SECTION 5: APPENDICES PAGE 5-15. AppendicesAppendix A - Digital Interface Specifications1. General Characteristics10baseT (IEEE 802.3) Fully compliant to Ethernet V.22. SpecificationsTransmission Medium UTPSignaling Technique ManchesterTopology StarLAN Table 10,000 addresses (automatic learning and aging)Filtering 15,000 ppsData Rate Up to 10 Mbps (limited to throughput of particular radio model)Delay 1 frameBuffer 256 framesDuplex Full or halfTable A-1: Interconnection Specification
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOS SEPTEMBER 1999PAGE 5-2 SECTION 5: APPENDICESAppendix B - Rear Panel DIP SwitchesThe Tsunami radio has three separate eight-segment rear panel DIP switches, labeled SW1,SW2 and SW3. Upon shipment from the factory, these switches are set for factory defaultconfiguration, which is all switches down (in the “zero” position), except for SW3 positions 5through 8, which are set to match the installed rear panel RF filter assembly (which determinesthe frequency channel for transmit and receive, such as A1, A2, B1, B2, etc.). The tables in thissection provide a quick reference for the DIP switch functions and their settings.DIP switch settings are noted by their position, either up (1), or down (0),not by on/off as may be printed on the DIP switch assembly.
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOSSEPTEMBER 1999SECTION 5: APPENDICES PAGE 5-3Shaded switch positions are factory default12345678SW1 10000000001Bridge Operation0 Half Duplex1 Full Duplex2Bridge Filter0 Enabled1 Disabled4Radio Link Test0 Enable Latch1 Disable (Flash)5Bridge Data0Mute1DisableDiagnostics Port 7TBOS (OpenLYNX) 0Craft 1AUX Data Port 8 Bridged (TBOS) 0 Enabled (clear) 112345678SW2 10000000001-8 Security Address0 Binary setting from255 0 to 255 (8 bits)12345678SW3 1xx0000000xx12 Spreading Code0 0 Code 10 1 Code 21 0 Code 31 1 Code 4Frequency Xmtr Rcvr 78 A1 2410 2453 0 0 A2 2453 2410 0 1 B1 2430 2473 1 0 B2 2473 2430 1 1Table B-1: Tsunami 2.4 GHz (~2 Mbps) Switch Settings
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOS SEPTEMBER 1999PAGE 5-4 SECTION 5: APPENDICESShaded switch positions are factory default12345678SW1 10000000001Bridge Operation0 Half Duplex1 Full Duplex2Bridge Filter0 Enabled1 Disabled4Radio Link Test0 Enable Latch1 Disable (Flash)5Bridge Data0Mute1DisableDiagnostics Port 7TBOS (OpenLYNX) 0Craft 1AUX Data Port 8 Bridged (TBOS) 0 Enabled (clear) 112345678SW2 10000000001-8 Security Address0 Binary setting from255 0 to 255 (8 bits)12345678SW3 1xx0000000xx12 Spreading Code0 0 Code 10 1 Code 21 0 Code 31 1 Code 4Frequency Xmtr Rcvr 78 A1 5741 5803 0 0 A2 5803 5741 0 1 B1 5772 5834 1 0 B2 5834 5772 1 1Table B-2: Tsunami 5.8 GHz (~ 4 Mbps) Switch Settings
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOSSEPTEMBER 1999SECTION 5: APPENDICES PAGE 5-5Byte Point Bit Type Scan Point Definition Control Point Definition Notes1 7 S Model ID MSB 1101 = 2.4 GHz 2 Mbps (Model 31150)2 6 S Model ID LSB+2 1110 = 5.8 GHz 4 Mbps (Model 31170)3 5 S Model ID LSB+1 1111 = 5.8 GHz 8 Mbps (Model 31180)14 4 S Model ID LSB5 3 N/A Future Use6 2 S Channel Plan ID MSB SW3 pos 6 00=A, 01=B, 10=C7 1 S Channel Plan ID LSB SW3 pos 78 0 S Channel Plan Tx High/Low SW3 pos 8 (1 = Tx High, i.e. A2, B2, C2)9 7 A Radio Fail Alarm Equal to F/P alarm10 6 A Mute Alarm Equal to F/P alarm11 5 A Fan Alarm Equal to F/P alarm212 4 A Rx Sync Alarm Equal to F/P alarm13 3 A Link Test Error Alarm Equal to F/P alarm14 2 A BER Alarm Equal to F/P alarm15 1 A Far-End Alarm Equal to F/P alarm16 0 A Telemetry Down Alarm Equal to F/P alarm17 7 A Collisions Equal to F/P alarm18 6 N/A Equal to F/P alarm, where applicable19 5 N/A Equal to F/P alarm, where applicable320 4 N/A Equal to F/P alarm, where applicable21 3 S Full Duplex Enabled SW1 pos 122 2 S Filter Disabled SW1 pos 223 1 N/A24 0 N/A25 7 S Security Address Mismatch Internal Alarm Indication of codes set with SW226 6 S Test Latch Disabled SW1 pos 4 (0 = Latched, 1 = Momentary)27 5 S/C Link Test Enabled Front panel switch428 429 330 231 1 S Mute Disabled SW1 pos 532 0 S Aux Port Disabled SW1 pos 833 7 N/A Future Use34 6 N/A Future Use35 5 N/A Future Use536 4 N/A Future Use37 3 S Far-End Address Invalid 1=Address>0838 2 S Far-End Address MSB 000=01, 001=02, 010=03,39 1 S Far-End Address LSB+1 011=04, 100=05, 101=06,40 0 S Far-End Address LSB 110=07, 111=0841 7 S Near-End RSL MSB42 6 S Near-End RSL MSB-1 RSL APPROX.=BINARY VALUE (integer) x 0.04 V43 5 S Near-End RSL MSB-2 Note The 8-bit binary value (0-255) represents644 4 S Near-End RSL MSB-3 RSL values between -50 dBm and threshold.45 3 S Near-End RSL MSB-4 Radio paths with higher RSL values will read46 2 S Near-End RSL MSB-5 approximately five (5) to ten (10) VDC on the radio’s47 1 S Near-End RSL MSB-6 front panel test point but be limited to a maximum48 0 S Near-End RSL MSB-7 binary reading of 255 which represents 5 VDC.49 7 S Near-End Tx Power MSB50 6 S Near-End Tx Power MSB-1 TxPWR51 5 S Near-End Tx Power MSB-2 APPROX.=BINARY VALUE (integer) x 0.02 Volts752 4 S Near-End Tx Power MSB-3 8-bit byte derives voltage or dBm53 3 S Near-End Tx Power MSB-454 2 S Near-End Tx Power MSB-555 1 S Near-End Tx Power MSB-656 0 S Near-End Tx Power MSB-757 7 S Both Fans Bad Only applies if Point 11=158 6 S Tx Synth Unlock Only applies if Point 9=159 5 S Rx Synth Unlock Only applies if Point 9=1860 4 N/A61 3 S Digital Hardware Only applies if Point 9=162 2 N/A Future Use Key:A = Alarm63 1 N/A Future Use S = Status64 0 N/A Future Use C = ControlTable B-3: Tsunami TBOS Bit Map
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOS SEPTEMBER 1999PAGE 5-6 SECTION 5: APPENDICESAppendix C - Rear Panel Data ConnectorsThe following figures illustrate the pin structure for all rear panel data connections. All figures areoriented as a customer would view them, facing the rear panel. DC power connection informationis found in Section 3.7 of the manual.Figure C-1: VF Port ConnectionFigure C-2: Alarm Port Connections
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOSSEPTEMBER 1999SECTION 5: APPENDICES PAGE 5-7Figure C-3: Diagnostic Port 9-Pin D-Style ConnectorDo NOT use both the RS-232 and RS-422 connections at the same time!Figure C-4: AUX DATA Port 9-Pin D-Style ConnectorDo NOT use both the RS-232 and RS-422 connections at the same time!
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALTsunami FAMILYSPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOS SEPTEMBER 1999PAGE 5-8 SECTION 5: APPENDICESYour Notes on the Tsunami Radio
IndexAAC..............................................................................................................................................................3-17Accessories ................................................................................................................................................2-20Alarm connections .....................................................................................................................................3-40Alarm interface ..........................................................................................................................................3-41Alarms........................................................................................................................................................3-31Alignment, antenna ....................................................................................................................................3-21Antenna.................................................................................................... 2-3, 3-3, 3-22, 3-31, 3-34, 4-7, 4-17Antenna connection....................................................................................................................................3-18Antenna installation ...................................................................................................................................3-20Antenna planning.......................................................................................................................................3-10Availability calculation................................................................................................................................3-7BBit Error Rate.................................................................................................. 2-12, 3-7, 3-35, 3-41, 4-7, 4-15Buffer....................................................................................................................................................2-6, 5-1CCalculations .................................................................................................................................................3-5Caution.........................................................................................................................................................1-2Channel plan .....................................................................................................................................3-12, 3-24Coaxial cable..............................................................................................................................................3-19Code...........................................................................................................................................................3-25Coding..........................................................................................................................................................2-2Collisions ...................................................................................................................................................2-12Compression ..............................................................................................................................................2-18Connections .............................................................................................2-6, 2-7, 2-14, 2-16, 2-17, 3-23, 5-1Container......................................................................................................................................................3-1Controls......................................................................................................................................................2-13DDC.......................................................................................................................................................3-9, 3-15Delay............................................................................................................................................................5-1Digital Capacity...........................................................................................................................................2-6DIP switch................................................................................................................................. 2-18, 3-26, 5-2DIP switch settings.....................................................................................................................................3-24Dispersive fade .....................................................................................................................................2-4, 3-6Duplex.................................................................................................................................................2-18, 5-1EEIRP...........................................................................................................................................................3-27Environment.................................................................................................................................................2-8Error LED..................................................................................................................................................3-36Errors .........................................................................................................................................................4-15FFade margin .................................................................................................................................................3-6Fans............................................................................................................................................................4-12Filtering....................................................................................................................................... 2-6, 2-18, 5-1Frequency........................................................................................................................................... 3-12, 4-2
Frequency plan.............................................................................................................................................3-8Fresnel..........................................................................................................................................................3-4Front panel.................................................................................................................................................2-10GGrounding..................................................................................................................................................3-15IIcons.............................................................................................................................................................1-2Installation .........................................................................................................................1-1, 2-20, 3-3, 3-26Interference ................................................................................................................................................4-16ISO 9000..........................................................................................................................................................iLLAN .............................................................................................................................................................2-6Line-of-sight.................................................................................................................................................3-4Link budget..................................................................................................................................................3-5Loopback ...........................................................................................................................2-6, 3-35, 4-8, 4-15MMechanical...................................................................................................................................................2-9Mounting....................................................................................................................................................3-13Mute...........................................................................................................................................................2-18MUTE........................................................................................................................................................2-12NNote .............................................................................................................................................................1-2OOrderwire....................................................................................2-7, 2-17, 2-19, 3-26, 3-31, 3-37, 3-38, 3-39Output power ....................................................................................................................................3-28, 3-29Output power, adjust............................................................................................................... 3-32, 3-33, 3-34PPath ..............................................................................................................................................................3-4Path planning .............................................................................................................................................3-10Power................................................................................................2-2, 2-8, 2-20, 3-3, 3-14, 3-34, 4-7, 4-17Power connection.......................................................................................................................................3-17Power connection, DC ...............................................................................................................................3-15Power supply planning.................................................................................................................................3-9Professional installation..........................................................................................................................iii, 1-1RRear panel...........................................................................................................................................2-15, 5-6Receive signal level ............................................2-11, 2-13, 3-3, 3-5, 3-20, 3-21, 3-22, 3-30, 3-41, 4-7, 4-18Receiver .......................................................................................................................................................2-3Regulatory...............................................................................................................................................iii, 2-9REN ...........................................................................................................................................................3-37Repair...........................................................................................................................................................4-5Repeater configurations .............................................................................................................................3-45RF filter......................................................................................................................................................3-24RS-232/RS-422.....................................................................................................2-17, 3-42, 3-43, 3-44, 3-45RSL............................................................................................................................................................3-22
SShipping..............................................................................................................................................2-20, 3-1Spares...........................................................................................................................................................4-3Spreading code...........................................................................................................................................3-25Switches.......................................................................................................................................................4-2Synchronization .........................................................................................................................................4-11System...................................................................................................................................................2-4, 2-5TTechnical support.........................................................................................................................................4-4Telephone ..................................................................................................................................................3-37Test .....................................................................................................................................................2-7, 2-11Tips..............................................................................................................................................................1-2Tools ..........................................................................................................................................................3-11Transmission line.......................................................................................................................................3-19Transmitter..........................................................................................................................................2-2, 3-32Troubleshooting.......................................................................................................................................... 4-1Turn-up ......................................................................................................................................................3-26WWarranty ......................................................................................................................................................... v
For ISO Purposes -Last Page of this Manual

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