536906 4 Amtrol St 5 Therm X Trol Users Guide MC8550 9015 612 06_07 TXT Ref Guide.qxp User Manual
Amtrol-Therm-X-Trol-Users-Manual-361450 amtrol-therm-x-trol-users-manual-361450
thermxtrol a209ca03-7242-dae4-0947-6736a0cf2d74 Amtrol Water Heater Therm-X-Trol User Guide |
User Manual: Pump 536906 4 Amtrol St-5 Therm-X-Trol Users Guide
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een As S On THERMAL EXPANSION AND CROSS-CONNECTION CONTROL SOLUTIONS Reference Guide When water is heated... It expands! Reacting to physical law, water expands in volume as its temperature rises. OPEN SYSTEM In the "Good Old" days COLD WATER SUPPLY Before the advent of cross-connection control, expanded water that exceeded the capacity of the water heater flowed back to the city main, where it easily dissipated. It was "open" at the city supply side of the system, even though it was "closed" on the system side. Cross connection means "no return" In a 40-gallon water heater, for example, water being heated to recover after usage will expand to about 40.60 gallons when the desired temperature is reached. 2 Today, with back flow preventers, water meters with check valves, and/or pressure-reducing valves without a bypass being installed, expanded water from a water heater cannot return to the city supply. It is now a closed system, and expanded water has no place to go. 3 DANGER! BACK FLOW PREVENTER BFP Water is not compressible Since water completely fills the water heater and system piping before recovery starts, and since it can't be compressed, the expanded volume, even though small, has no place to go. As a result, the expanding water creates a rapid and dangerous pressure increase in the water heater and system piping, much like the action of a hydraulic ram. LOST BTUs The illogical practice of operating your safety valve once or twice a day is not only wasteful (you paid to heat the water that went down the drain), it's also dangerous. 4 Deposits on the seat... deteriorating springs... wearand-tear erosion can wear out a relief valve in no time at all. Dangerous pressures before relief So "pop" goes the relief valve The setting on a temperature & pressure safety relief is quickly reached, and the relief valve opens, losing heater water down the drain or, more often than not, all over the floor. First of all, the T & P relief valve you installed serves as an emergency control only. It was never designed as an operating control. Once a safety valve is used on a daily basis, it isn't that safe. What most people don't realize is that dangerous conditions can exist during thermal expansion long before the relief valve operates. Internal pressures repeatedly occurring during recovery periods can collapse the center flue of a gas-fired water heater, creating a hazardous presence of deadly carbon monoxide gas, or even a water-heater explosion. 5 Solution Controlled Pressure Rise During Thermal Expansion SAFE RANGE 150 PSIG Even though the relief valve operates during each recovery period, high internal pressures occurring over and over again can accelerate tank leakage and shorten water-heater life, no matter how it is fired. 6 The best solution to thermal expansion is to control the pressure it generates within a safe operating range, well below the emergency setting of a relief valve. This allows thermal expansion to occur without causing a dangerous increase in pressure. 7 This is easily accomplished by adding an expansion tank with a sealed-in, compressible air cushion, which will compress as thermal expansion occurs, providing the place for the expanded volume of water to go during recovery. 1. System Connection AIR CUSHION 2. Separate, rigid polypropylenelined water reservoir (NSF listed) 3. Heavy-duty butyl diaphragm 4. Sealed-in, permanent air charge By sizing the air cushion according to Boyle's Law, we can select the maximum pressure on the system when the total amount of expanded water has been generated. When hot water is used in the system, the pressurized air cushion forces hot water back into the system for use, not waste. 8 EXPANDED WATER 5. Welded steel pressure support domes 6. Air charging valve AIR CUSHION The thermal expansion tank features the sealed-in air cushion, pre-charged to the minimum system pressure before recovery is started. A rugged butyl diaphragm seals in the air cushion and also separates air from hot domestic water to prevent air from being dissolved by hot system water. AIR CUSHION Finally, on the water side of the expansion tank is a separate, rigid polypropylene liner so fresh, corrosive, domestic hot water can be handled without fear of corrosion and leaks. 9 The thermal-expansion tank for domestic water heaters, sized right, is the only logical answer to the growing problem of thermal expansion in water heaters protected by BFP, check valves or pressurereducing valves. A simple installation to the supply side on the water heater, this small tank will eliminate the dangerous condition so that the relief valve will not open during normal heating cycles. BACK FLOW PREVENTER BFP Static Supply Pressure (psi)** Water Heater* Size (gals.) 40 60 80 40 ST-5 ST-5 ST-5 50 ST-5 ST-5 ST-5 60 ST-5 ST-5 ST-8 80 ST-8 ST-8 ST-12 120 ST-12 ST-12 ST-25V Max. Temp. Setting 140°F Static Supply Pressure (psi)** Water Heater* Size (gals.) 40 60 80 40 ST-5 ST-5 ST-5 50 ST-5 ST-5 ST-8 60 ST-8 ST-8 ST-8 80 ST-8 ST-8 ST-12 ST-12 ST-12 ST-25V 120 Max. Temp. Setting 150°F Static Supply Pressure (psi)** Water Heater* Size (gals.) 40 60 80 40 ST-8 ST-8 ST-8 50 ST-8 ST-8 ST-12 60 ST-8 ST-12 ST-25V 80 ST-12 ST-25V ST-25V ST-25V ST-25V ST-25V 120 Max. Temp. Setting 180°F Sizing charts based on: • Precharge matched to incoming supply pressure prior to installation • Incoming water temperature 40°F • 150psi T & P safety relief valve AMTROL’s Therm-X-Trol® brochure MC#4090 contains precise sizing guidelines for sytems not covered in the above charts. 10 11 AMTROL Canada, Ltd. 275 Shoemaker Street Kitchener, Ontario N2E 3B3 Telephone: 519-478-1138 Fax: 519-748-1138 Corporate Headquarters 1400 Division Road West Warwick, RI 02893 Telephone: 401-884-6300 Fax: 401-884-5276 ® w w w . a m t r o l . c o m MC# 8550 12 PN: 9015-612 (06/07)
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