RF Technology E2-IP-PA500BH UHF BASE STATION AMPLIFIER User Manual manual IP PA500BH rev0
RF Technology Pty Ltd UHF BASE STATION AMPLIFIER manual IP PA500BH rev0
User Manual
Eclipse2
September 2012
sales@rftechnology.com.au
E2-IP-
·PA500BH Amplifier
Operation and Maintenance Manual
This manual is produced by RF Technology Pty. Ltd.
46/7 Sefton Road, Thornleigh, 2120, Australia
Copyright © 2012 RF Technology Pty. Ltd.
RF Technology
Page 2
CONTENTS
CONTENTS
Contents
1 Operating Instructions
1.1 Installation
4
4
1.1.1 Sub-rack Wiring Guidelines 4
1.2
Front Panel
Indicators 5
1.3
Internal Adjustments 5
1.4
Amplifie
r
I/O
Connections 5
1.4.1 RF
Input
6
1.4.2 RF
Output
6
1.4.3 25 Pin
Connector 6
1.4.4
RJ45 Ethernet
Connector
6
2 Circuit Description
2.1 Amplifiers
6
6
2.2 Power Splitter / Combiners 7
2.3
Directional
Coupler
7
2.4
Low Pass
Filter
7
2.5
Power Control Circuits
7
2.6
RF Output Indicator
8
2.7
Over Temperature Protection 8
3 Field Alignment Procedures
8
3.1 Output Power Level 8
3.2
Tuning Procedure 8
4 Specifications
4.1 General Specifications
9
9
4.2 Physical Configuration
10
4.3
Fron
t
Panel
Indicator
s
and
Tes
t
Points
10
4.3.1 Indicators
10
4.3.2 Test
Points
4.4 Electrical Specifications
10
10
4.4.1 Power Requirements
10
4.4.2 Frequency Range
10
4.5
Antenna Impedance 11
4.6 Output Power
4.6.1 Transmit Duty Cycle
11
11
4.7 Spurious and Harmonics 11
4.8
Heatsin
k
Temperature
11
4.9
AL
C
Output
11
4.10
Connectors
11
4.10.1 RF
Input
11
4.10.2 RF Output
12
4.10.3 25-Pin
Connector
12
4.10.4 USB
Connector
12
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E2-IP-PA 500BH
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CONTENTS CONTENTS
A Engineering Diagrams Attachment
A.1 Functional Diagrams 1
A.2 Wiring Diagrams 2
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1 OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS 1.1 Installation
WARNING
Changes or modifications not expressly approved by
RF Technology could void your authority to operate
this equipment. Specifications may vary from those
given in this document in
accordance with
requirements of local authorities. RF Technology
equipment is subject to continual improvement and
RF Technology
reserves the right to change
performance and specification without further notice.
1 Operating Instructions
The IP•PA500BH is part of the Eclipse2 range of modular base station equipment. It
is a broadband Solid State Internet Protocol RF Power Amplifier (SS•IP•PA) capable of
delivering over 100 Watts in the UHF frequency range. It is designed to complement the
Eclipse2 Software Defined Radio (SDR), and mounts in a standard Eclipse sub-rack.
1.1 Installation
There are no front panel controls. In normal circumstances no alignment or setup is
required. If mounted in a sub-rack that has not previously been wired for a power
amplifier, the rack connector must be wired according to the guidelines in section 1.1.1
below.
1.1.1 Sub-rack Wiring
Guidelines
When installing an Eclipse Power Amplifier in an Eclipse sub-rack, observe the
following guidelines for sub-rack installation:
The sub-rack power supply must be capable of delivering the full current
requirements for all modules fitted in the sub-rack, typically 20 Amperes for a
100W basestation/amplifier.
Owing to the current drain, power supply lines should be cabled to the power
amplifier separately and using heavy gauge wire to minimise voltage drop and
interference via the power supply of other modules in the rack.
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1 OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS 1.3 Internal
Adjustments
1.2 Front Panel Indicators
PWR LED The power (PWR) LED shows that the dc supply is connected to the
amplifier.
RFO LED The RF output (RFO) LED indicates that the amplifier is being driven
and there is forward RF power present at the output.
ALARM LED The alarm (ALARM) LED illuminates if the internal temperature rises
above safe limits or high reverse power is present, output power is
automatically reduced in order to protect the amplifier.
1.3 Internal Adjustments
All internal adjustments are factory set and should not need to be changed under normal
conditions. A possible exception to this is the RF output power level which may need
to be changed to comply with local licensing requirements.
WARNING
Ensure that the power setting complies with the
requirements of your licensing authority. Failure to do
so may result in penalties being imposed by the
licensing authority.
Output Power The output power is set by RV1. This is nominally set to 100 Watts
(+50dBm), but may be set to any value between 1 and 120 Watts
depending upon local regulations in the destination country, and the
model of power amplifier.
1.4 Amplifier I/O Connections
The IP•PA500BH has four connectors on the rear panel.
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2 CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
1.4.1 RF
Input
The RF drive is delivered via the BNC connector. Input drive level is 2 Watts, the
absolute maximum power that should be applied to this connector is 4 Watts.
1.4.2 RF
Output
The RF output signal is available from an N-type connector. The input/output impedance is 50 ohms.
1.4.3 25 Pin
Connector
The 25-pin “D” connector provides connection to ground and dc power. The pin
connections are given in table 1.
1.4.4 RJ45 Ethernet
Connector
The RJ45 connector is used to monitor and configure a range of parameters remotely
using the Internet Protocol over Ethernet.
Pins Function
1, 2, 3, 4, 14, 15, 16, 17
Positive supply
9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 22, 23, 24, 25
Ground
(negative
supply)
Table 1: Pin connections for the 25 pin “D” connector on the rear panel
2 Circuit Description
The following descriptions should be read as an aid to understanding the diagrams shown
in figures A.1 and A.2.
2.1
Amplifiers
The RF power amplification is provided by two RF MOSFET modules, U15 and U16.
Module technology is used in this amplifier to guarantee superior reliability, this
technology has been field proven in tens of millions of radios over the past 25 years.
Each module is rated at 60 watts output. The input and output impedances are
internally matched to 50 Ohms. The 50W models have only has module fitted.
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2 CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
2.2 Power Splitter / Combiners
No trimmer capacitors or inductors are used for input/output matching, the broadband
design means no re-adjustment is required even if the frequency is changed from one
end of the band to the other.
The dc supply is fed to the amplifiers through resistors R166 and R167. This allows
the current of each amplifier to be monitored.
2.2 Power Splitter / Combiners
In the 100W models, a zero-degree broadband splitter and zero-degree hybrid
power combiner is used to parallel the two amplifier stages. This configuration provides
a very wide bandwidth and better balance compared with lower cost 90-degree hybrids.
2.3 Directional Coupler
The forward and reverse power components are measured through an asymmetric
stripline directional coupler. The output of the coupled lines measured by two
temperature and frequency compensated detectors.
2.4 Low Pass Filter
A low pass filter consisting reduces the harmonic components to less than -90dBc. The
filter uses shielded lumped elements to obtain the required harmonic attenuation.
2.5 Power Control Circuits
The forward and reverse voltages from the directional coupler are amplified and
combined in the ALC error amplifier.
The Error amplifier compares the detected voltages with the dc reference voltages from
output power trimpot RV1 and reverse power trimpot RV2. The amplified difference is
used to control the output power of the RF MOSFET Modules.
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2 CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
3. Field alignment procedure
Equipmen
t
Type
Key
Specifications
Power Supply 13.8Vdc, 25A
RF Source
2 Wat
t
(eg. Eclipse2 Basestation)
RF Load
/
Attenuator
50
Ω
, 100W, SWR<1.2:1
RF Powe
r
Meter
eg. calibrated detecto
r
and
voltmeter
Short Circuit
N-type, 0
Ω
, 100W Short
Table 2: Standard test equipment for the IP•PA500BH Power Amplifier
2.6 RF Output Indicator
The forward power voltage is compared with a pre-set dc reference voltage by U23. The
output of U23 is used to turn on the RFO LED. The reference voltage is set to turn on
the led when output power is between 1-120 Watts.
2.7 Over Temperature Protection
Thermistors RT1 and RT2 are mounted to the case of RF module U15 and U16. If
either module case temperature rises above 85 Celsius the resistance of RT1 or RT2
increases and Q25 or Q26 is turned ON.
This causes the TEMP LED to come on and also reduces the dc reference voltage to the
output power error amplifier U22. The output power will then be reduced by the
amplifiers ALC circuits and the modules are kept within safe operating limits.
3 Field Alignment Procedures
3.1 Output Power Level and Reverse Power Limit
1. Set the unit up on a bench with the standard test equipment listed in table 2.
2. Set *RV1 fully counter-clockwise and *RV2 fully clockwise.
3. Set the Eclipse2 basestation to the desired operating frequency.
4. Adjust RV1 for the desired output power.
5. Disconnect power and swap load with the N-type short.
6. Set *RV2 both fully counter-clockwise.
7. Apply Power and adjust *RV2 for maximum reverse power (Typically 25Watts).
3.2 Tuning Procedure
No further Tuning or Adjustment is required.
*
(Note: RV1 and RV2 may be replaced with fixed value resistors R279, R153, R154, R155 and R156)
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4 SPECIFICATIONS 4.1 General Specification
4 Specifications
4.1 General Specifications
IMPEDANCE…………………………………………….. Input: 50Ω / Output: 50
Ω
OPERATION MODE……………………………………. FM / CW
OPERATING VOLTAGE……………………………….. 12 Volts
OPERATING FREQUENCY…………………………… 450 - 520MHz
INPUT DRIVE……………………………………………. 2 Watts
TYPICAL GAIN…………………………………………. 17 dB
GAIN FLATNESS (440-520MHz)………………………. ±0.25 dB
HARMONIC AND SPURIOUS ATTENUATION…….. -90 dBc
(exceeds FCC requirements)
MAX OUTPUT VSWR (100W OUTPUT)……………... 3:1
MAX INPUT DRIVE…………………………………….. 4.0 Watts
MAX VOLTAGE…………………………………………. 15.2 Volts
OPERATING TEMPERATURE RANGE……………... -20 to +50 C
(ambient temperature)
STORAGE TEMPERATURE…………………………... -40 to +95 C
OPERATING HUMIDITY………………………………. 0 to 85% RH
(non-condensing)
STORAGE HUMIDITY…………………………………. 0 to 95% RH
(non-condensing)
MONITORING & CONTROL…………………………….. TCP/IP
(SNMP 2c)
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4 SPECIFICATIONS
4.2 Physical Configuration
4.2 Physical Configuration
The power amplifier is designed to fit in an RF Technology sub-rack within a 19" rack
frame. The installed height is 4 Rack Units (RU), or 178mm, and the depth is 350mm.
The amplifier is 95.25mm or three Eclipse units wide. The amplifier uses an extruded
aluminum heat sink with vertical fins. Heatsink temperature rise is typically 25C at
100W output.
4.3 Front Panel Indicators and Test Points
4.3.1
Indicators
Power: Green LED
RF Power: Yellow LED
Over Temperature/High Reverse: Red LED
4.3.2 Test
Points
No conventional test points (test points available over SNMP).
4.4 Electrical Specifications
4.4.1 Power
Requirements
Operating Voltage: 10.5 - 15.2 Volts (output power reduced below 12.5V)
Current Drain: 22 Amperes maximum (20 typical) at 100 Watts and 13.5 Volts, 350mA
maximum standby.
Polarity: Negative Ground
4.4.2 Frequency
Range
Model
Frequency
Range
IP•PA500BH
450-520MHz
IP•PA500B
450-520MHz
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4 SPECIFICATIONS
4.5 Antenna Impedance
4.5 Antenna Impedance
Nominal load impedance is 50 Ohms VSWR 1.5:1 or better. The IP•PA500BH will
operate with a VSWR of 3:1 at all phase angles. The forward power will reduce as
reverse power rises above acceptable limits.
4.6 Output Power
Nominally 50/100 Watts, adjustable from 1 to 120 Watts. Gain is typically 17dB.
4.6.1 Transmit Duty
Cycle
The transmitter is rated for 100% duty cycle (continuous operation) at 100W output
for air temperature below 50C. De-rate linearly above 50C to 50% at 70C.
4.7 Spurious and Harmonics
Less than 1 µW at any harmonic of the transmit frequency (-90dBc).
4.8 Heatsink Temperature
The heatsink temperature can rise to 80C without affecting operation, except for de-
rating based on air-temperature as noted in section 4.6.1 above. Shutdown will occur at
heatsink temperatures exceeding approximately 85C.
4.9 ALC Output
ALC circuits are internal to the power amplifier and no output is required for operation.
(Note: legacy compatibility with Eclipse1 Series is supported without the ALC connection)
4.10 Connectors
4.10.1 RF
Input
The RF drive is delivered via a BNC connector. The maximum power that should be
applied to this connector is 4 Watts.
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A ENGINEERING DIAGRAMS
4.10.2 RF
Output
The RF output signal is available from an N-type connector.
4.10.3 25-Pin
Connector
A 25-pin, D-shell (“D”') connector is mounted on the rear panel. It provides power
connections only. The pin connections are given in table 1.
4.10.4 USB
Connector
A front-panel, Universal Serial Bus connector (Type A) provides fast configuration and
firmware upgrades.
A Engineering Diagrams
A.1 Block Diagram
Attachment A.1 shows the signal flow diagram of the IP
•PA500BH amplifier.
A.2 Circuit Diagrams
Attachment A.2 shows the chassis wiring diagram of the amplifier.
RF Exposure.
This amplifier constitutes part of a RF transmitting system that both the FCC and Industry Canada has
established RF exposure requirements for. In order to comply with the RF exposure requirements of both
countries the transmitting antenna must maintain a specific physical separation from all persons.
The antennas for this device usually are mounted on outdoor permanent structures and the installer must
see that the separation distance be maintained. The RF exposure report was written for one typical power
output and antenna gain. If your situation is different than the one described your minimum separation
distance will be different. RF exposure takes into account many different contributing factors some
of which are: power output, system losses, coax cable losses, and antenna gain.
For a typical installation of a 3 dBi antenna and 120 W UHF band (450-512 MHz) transmitter. Operated
in a radio system were the average ratio of transmit to receive time is near 100% transmitting the
separation distance would be 2.2 meters or approximately 7 feet. This separation distance also
does not take into account any other transmitters that might be considered co-located at the same site.
An RF exposure report was prepared for this amplifier and in it are the typical calculations on which the
above is based.
E2-IP-PA 500BH