SEA of Delaware SEA7157 User Manual 15653
SEA Inc of Delaware 15653
8
® NAL IN A UNIT OF DATAMARINE INTE RNATI SEA 7157 VHFIDSC Radiotelephone INSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL Copyright ©1993 SEA Inc. All rights reserved. SEAInc. 7030 220th St S.W. Mountlake Terrace, WA 98043 USA (425) 771-2182 FAX: (425) 771 -2650 PIN: MAN-7157 Rev. 1 7/98 TABLE 1? Km PAGE ImODUCI'ION ............................................ 1—1 SEA 7157 SPECIFICATIONS ................................. 2—1 2.1 General ............ 2.2 Transmitter.. . 2.3 Receiver.... . 2.4 Mechanical .......... 2.5 Channel 70 Monitor ................... 2.6 D1gital Selective Call1ng Controller ............... 2 4 OP TING THE SEA 7157 .................................. 3 1 3.1 Front panel controls .3-1 3.2 Display ..... . . ...3A1 3.3 Push to talk ........ ...3—1 3.4 Radiotelephone operating system functions.. ...3—1 3.5 Digital selective calling operating system. ....... 3—5 3.6 Selecting a receiving station. . 3 7 3.7 Selecting a telephone number. 3.8 Transmitting a call ......... 3.9 Receiving a call ........ 3.10 Reviewing the call logs. 3.11 Setting the time ........ uknu H H H p u w Inputting position data ............. Programming the navigation interface Programing the DSC ID (MMSI) . 3.15 Programming options ......... . . 3.16 Programming DSC directory ........... 3.17 Progrmnning the telephone directory. . . 3.18 Using test and diagnostic utilities ............. 3.19 Additional operating procedures and information. 3.20 Master frequency list .............................. 3-13 INSTELLATION ............ . . 4.1 Preliminary check ....... . 4. 2 Shelf or overhead mounting.. 4.3 Bulkhead mounting ........... 4.4 Power supply wiring . 4 . 5 Antenna wiring ..... 4.6 External speaker wiring. . 4.7 External microphone wiring. 4.8 External speaker mute wiring . 4. 9 GMDSS installations........ ....... THEORY OF OPERATION ..................................... 5-1 5.1 Frequency synthesizer.. . .. . . 5—2 5.2 Modulation circuit ..... . .. .. 5-2 5.3 Main receiver circuits .................. 5—3 5.4 Channel 70 monitor receiver circuits.... 5—5 5.5 Transmit amplifiers ........ .. 5—6 5.6 Antenna interface circuits .............. . 5-6 5.7 Automatic RF power control and TX logic ............ 5—6 LIST QF FIQHQS ELG DESQRIPTION Page 2.1 Front View of SBA 7157 .................................. 275 2.2 Rear View of SEA 7157 ................................... 2—6 4.1 Outline Dimensions of SKA 7157 .......................... 4—2 4.2 Flush Mount Kit Drill Template for SEA 7157 ............. 4—3 6 . 1 Transmitter test setup .................................. 6—10 6 . 2 Receiver test setup ..................................... 6-11 7.1 Functional block diagram ................................... 7 .2 RF Hainboard component detail .............................. 7.2 .1 RF Mainboard schematic diagram, Sheet 1 .................... 7.2.2 RF Mainboard schematic diagram, Sheet 2 .................... 7.2.3 RF Mainboard schematic diagram, Sheet 3 .................... 7 .3 CPU/DSC Board component detail ............................. 7.3.1 CPU/DSC Board schematic diagram, Sheet 1 ................... 7.3.2 CPU/DSC Hoard schematic diagram, Sheet ..................... INTRODUCI‘ ION The SEA 7157 VHF FM Transceiver is designed for general purpose marine communications applications. Additionally, The SEA 7157 integral VHF Digital Selective Calling Controller, permits compliance with the requirements of CFR 47, Part 80, Subpart W —— Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS), Paragraph 80.1101, Performance standards. This SEA 7157 Service Manual provides detailed technical information for use by installation and service technicians. General operating instructions and installation drill templates are provided in the SBA 7157 Operator's Handbook (SEA P/N 0PR-7157) supplied with each SEA 7157. SEA continually strives to improve its products so that we may better serve our customers. SEA reserves the right to make changes to SEA 7157 specifications, hardware, software or documentation at any time without notice. SEA'S Marine Service Department is always available to provide additional help with technical difficulties. Please call SEA's Service Department to obtain a Return Authorization Number (RAM before shipping equipment to SEA. Service parts are available through SEA's Marine Sales/Service Departments. Please order parts using SEA part numbers found in Section 8. SEA 7157 SPECIFICATIONS: 2.1 GENERAL FREQUENCY RANGE : FREQUENCY RESOLUTION : CHANNELS : POWER REQUIREMENT : NOTE: Basic radio circuitry operates at 12 volts. Radio contains INTERNAL 24/12 volt converter for 24 volt use. CURRENT: (12 Volt operation) (24 Volt operation) FUSES: COMPLIANCE : FCC IDENTIFIER: TRANSMITTER EMISSION: POWER OUTPUT: SPURIOUS EMISSIONS (RADIATED): SPURIOUS EMISSIONS (CONDUCTED): AUDIO HARMONIC DIS’I‘ORTION: AUDIO FREQUENCY RESPONSE: TX 155—159 MHz US TX 155.0—157.45 MHZ RX 155-163.6 MHZ 25 KHz All US, Canadian, Int'l plus 10 WX, 10 Special voltage, 12 V +30, —10% 13.6 volts nominal, OR 24 V +30, ~10% Chassis floating Max TX: 4.5 amps (25W) 1.0 amps (lW) RX (STBY) 0.5 amp Rx (Max Audio 1 amp Max TX: 2.35 amps (25W) 0.80 amps (1W) RX (STBY) 0.3 amp Rx (Max Audio 0.5 amp 7.5 amp, internal (12V) 7.5 amp, external (12V) 5 amp external ONLY (24V) FCC Parts 80, 15 GMDSS (Para 80.1101) EIA RS-204C, RSISZB BZGSEA7157 16KOG3E 25W, 191 into 50 ohms -80 dB or better —80 dB or better 10? max. (EIA) +1,—3 dB of +6 dB/octave preemphasis 300—3000 Hz 2.4 MECHANICAL DIMENSIONS: (HBIGI-l'l‘~WIUI'H—DEP’I‘H) In: 3.9 x 10.5 x 10.9 mm: 99 x 265 x 278 WEIGHT: Lbs: 7 .75 Kgs: 17 CHANNEL 70 MONITOR GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS FREQUENCY: (ll-{70 (156.525 MHZ) SENSITIVITY: 5 1.0 uv for 20 dB SINAD BANDWIDTH: 2 16 KHz ADJACENT CHANNEL SELECTIVITY: g 770 dB @ 25 Hz SPU'RIOUS RESPONSE REJECTION: 3 -70 dB INTERMODU'IATION REJECTION: 3 765 dB MODE OF RECEPTION: G23 SPURIOUS EMISSION, RADIATION: 5 2.0 11W, 9 KHz to 2 GHz WARMU'P TIME: 5 1 Minute DSC FACILITY: g 1 uv for 11372 B.E.R., NOTE: The SEA 7157 Channel 70 Watch Receiver is designed to be in compliance with the general and specific requirements of CFR 47, PART 80, Subpart W~—Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS), Paragraph 80.1101 Performance standards. The configuration so described has been tested for compliance with IEC FUTURE PUBLICATION 1097—8, Shipborne VHF DSC watchkeeping receiver Operational and performance requirements, Methods of testing and required test results, Working draft Version 2.3, October 1994. (n mfimp cm hp 7195] f N @; VHF/55C mmmumouz W777“ @¢;:fifl@M@@ Not to scale SEA 7157 Front View Figure 2.1 2—5 3 . OPERATION 3.1 FRONT PANEL CONTROLS Figure 2.1, Page 2-5 illustrates the front panel of the SBA 7157. The functions of the individual controls and indicators are listed below. 3 . 1 . 1 ROTARY CONTROLS One rotary control is provided. This is the ON/OFF/VOLUME control provides for main power control and adjustment of the loudspeaker audio volume from the internal audio power amplifier. 3.1.2 KB‘IPAD A 19 key backlighted keypad is provided which, together with the LCD graphics display, provides an operating system which permits the operator to control both the radiotelephone and digital selective calling (DSC) features of the SEA 7157. 3 . 2 DISPLAY The LCD display used in the SBA 7157 is a graphics display with an array of 128 X 64 pixels. The display is hacklighted and is used interactively with the keypad to provide an effective operator interface to the radiotelephone/DSC functions of the SBA 7157. 3.3 PUSH TO TALK The radio is put into transmit mode by pressing the microphone push to talk key. It remains in transmit mode until the push to talk switch is released or until the internal 5 minute timer expires. The TX annunciator is displayed during transmit. Note that the internal DSC controller can also initiate transmissions independent of the push to talk switch on the microphone. 3.4 RADIOTELEPHONB OPERATING SYSTEM FUNCTIONS 3 .4.1 CHANNEL SELECI‘ION The radio channel can be changed during receive only. To step through the channels press the UP or DN keys. Holding the key down will cause the radio to scroll through the channel list. Alternatively, the desired channel can be selected through the numeric keypad. Select the desired channel by entering a 1, 2 or 3 digit number followed by the "BNT" key. For example, channel 8 can be selected by any of the following methods: 008 ENT; 08 ENT; 8 ENT; 8 (wait 2 seconds). For US channels where both the simplex and duplex channels are available, key in the desired channel followed by the UP arrow key to get the simple; channel (e.g. 8, 8, UP gives channel 88A) . 3—1 3.4.9 SCAN To activate scan mode press the RADIO key. This will cause the RADIO menu to appear. Press 8 to start the scan. The SCN annunciator will appear. The display returns to the normal radio mode. Press the UP key to skip an active channel. Hold UP for one second to lock out a channel. To stop the scan mode press ENT or enter a channel number. 3 .4.10 PRIORITY SCAN If the priority channel is selected BEFORE entering the scan mode, the receiver scans the priority channel in between each channel. 3.4.11 SCAN GiANNEL PROGRAMMING To toggle a selected channel into or out of the scan list press the RADIO key. This will cause the RADIO menu to appear. Press 7 to toggle the memory status of the selected channel. The MEN annunciator will appear if the channel is in the scan list. The display returns to the normal radio mode. 3 . 4 . 12 PRIORITY CHANNEL PROGRAMMING To designate a selected channel as the priority channel press the RADIO key. This will cause the RADIO menu to appear. Press 9 to establish the selected channel as the priority channel. The display returns to the normal radio mode. Note that channel 16 is the priority channel by default. The PRI annunciator will appear if the priority channel is selected. 3.4.13 SEARCH MODE PROGRAMMING To program the search mode (continuous vs. stop—and—go) press the RADIO key. This will cause the RADIO menu to appear. Press 1 to go to the 5m radio menu. Press 2 to toggle the mode. The mode will be displayed for 2 seconds and the display will then return to the normal radio mode. In continuous mode search stops on the first active channel and resumes when it becomes inactive for a hang time. In stop-and—go mode search stops for 2.5 seconds on an active channel and then resumes. 3.4.14 SCAN CHANNEL CLEAR To clear all channels from the scan list and reset the priority channel to 16 press the RADIO key. This will cause the RADIO menu to appear. Press 1 to go to the Emma radio menu. Press 5 to clear the scan list. The display returns to the normal radio mode. 3.4.20 LOCAL/DISTANCE MODE CONTROL To toggle the radio between LOCAL and DISTANCE mode press the RADIO key. This will cause the RADIO menu to appear. Press 6 to toggle the mode. The display returns to the normal radio mode. In LOCAL mode the radio main receiver sensitivity is reduced in order to obtain better performance in the presence of strong interferers. The LOC annunciator is displayed when the receiver is in the local mode and the radio is not transmitting. 3.4.21 MODIFYING CHANNEL NAMES In the normal radio display an alphanumeric name is shown below the channel number. This name can be modified. Press the RADIO key. This will cause the RADIO menu to appear. Press 1 to go to the SW radio menu. Press 8 to modify the name of the selected channel. The name will appear with a cursor at the end. Use the LIST key for a backspace. Use the alphanumeric keypad for entering digits. Use the UP and DN keys to cycle through the characters on the key. For example, to enter a "0" press the 8(TUV) key followed by UP twice. The display will change from "8" to “V" to "II". In this fashion, enter the desired name up to 9 characters long. (Legal characters are 0—9, A—Z and SPACE. When the desired channel name has been entered, press ENT. The display will return to normal radio mode. 3.5 DIGITAL SELECTIVE CALLING OPERATING SYSTEM 3 .5.1 DISTRESS CALLING Lift cover over the DISTRESS key and press key. Press DISTRESS key a second time to confirm. Enter position if requested (position data more than 15 minutes old). Enter nature of distress. Press sm‘ key to transmit call. 3 . 5 . 2 CALL COMPOSITION Press DSC key. The primary DSC menu will appear. Most calls will conform to one of the five predefined formats which have a simplified calling procedure: [1] Routine individual cells on (mannel 70 (Press 3); [2] Routine individual calls on an alternate calling (Press 4): [3] Distress relay calls (Press 5); [4] All ships calls (Press 6); [5] Automatic telephone calls (Press 7). If the desired call does not fit one of these categories, Press 8 to request a cmplete composition procedure. Some calls which require the full Class A composition procedure are Geographic Area Calls, Group Calls, Nonvoice (e.g. FAX and data) Calls, Position Request Calls and Polls. The RADIO key can be used to ABORT at any point in this process and return to the main radio display. Select a receiving station as described in Section 3.5. Select a phone number as described in Section 3.7. Transmit the call as described in Section 3.8. The working channel is generally assigned by the coast station in it's acknowledgement. 3.5.2.6 CLASS A DSC CALL Any call format defined by the ITU 493 can be composed from the Class A menu. To transmit any DSC call press 8 from the primary DSC menu. Select a format. Prompts will appear for various other fields depending on which format is initially selected, As required, select the nature of distress (distress calls only), distress location (distress calls only and only if no valid position data is available), priority category (nondistess only), form of subsequent communication (first telecommand, nondistress only), ID of ship in distress (distress relay and acknowledgement only), coordinates of addressed rectangular area (geographic area call only), destination address (group, individual and phone call only), phone number (phone call only), and end of sequence character. Then transmit the call as described in Section 3.8 3.6 SELECTING A RECEIVING STATION In order to send a call to an individual station (or to a group of stations) an ID code must be selected. A menu of stored ID's will be displayed. The first entry is always the last number called. Press the U? or D“ keys to scroll through the pages (labeled A—F) or press 0 to enter a number manually. 3.7 SELECTING A TELEPHONE NUMBER When an automatic phone call is required a subscriber number is needed. A menu of stored numbers will be displayed. The first entry is always the last number called. Press the UP or DN keys to scroll through the pages (labeled A4?) or press 0 to enter a number manually. 3.8 TRANSMITTING A CALL When the call has been composed all the information is displayed. To change the working channel simply change the channel as you would from the main display using the UP and DN keys or numeric entry. To transmit the call press the DSC key. To abort the call press the RADIO key. 3.9 RECEIVING A CALL Received calls are displayed immediately under most circumstances. In addition, an alarm tone is sounded. The display format depends on the nature of the call received. 3.17 PROGRAMMING THE TELEPHONE DIRECTORY Press the DSC key and then press 2 to get the DSC program menu. Press 2 to get to the directory of telephone numbers. Use the UP and DN‘ keys to scroll through the pages labeled A—F and use the numeric keys (178) to select an entry to reprogram. You will be prompted for the name and number. When entering names use the UP and DN keys to cycle through the letters shown on each alphanumeric key. Press BNT when finished. The LIST key is used as a backspace in these entries. 3.18 USING TEST AND DIAGNOSTIC UTILITIES Press the DSC key and then press 2 to get the DSC program menu. Press 6 to get the utility menu. This menu allows the user to output FSK tones or a dot pattern either to the speaker or to transmit as well as test the various alarm tones. There are also capabilities to perform error rate tests and other functions which are not accessible to the normal user. 3.19 ADDITIONAL OPERATING PROCEDURES AND INFORMATION 3.19.1 Programming expansion (special) channels: M1911: Prior Authorization is required before enabling transmission on special channels or transmitting on any frequency provided in this radio equipment. A . PREPARATION: Inspect the expanded channel list in Section 3.3 of this manual to identify the frequencies and channel numbers required. The maximum allowable number of expansion (special) channels which can be enabled is ten (10) . The internal switch, Sill on the CPU/DSC printed circuit board (ASY- 7157—02) , must be operated to enter the special channel programing code. First disconnect primary power from the unit. Remove the bottom cover by removing the four cover retaining screws. Locate the internal switch, SW1. ($911 is the small pushbutton switch mounted near the inside front corner of the large shield can on the bottom PC board assembly . Apply primary power to the radio and turn the power on. Select the USA or INT channel list. Depress and release SWl to enter the programing mode . NOTE: Transmission is disabled throughout the programing process. 6. Repeat steps 1 through 5 for each additional special channel desired, up to a maximum of 10. 7. EXITING SPECIAL CHANNEL PROGRANMING MODE: T o e x i t programing mode, turn the radio power switch OFF. 8 . VBRIFYING SPECIAL CHANNELS: Turn the radio power switch ON. Then push LIST until you have entered the special channel list. Use the channel selector knob to review the special channels which you have enabled. Remember that if the "A" follows the channel number, the channel is SIMPLEX; otherwise the channel is DUPLEX. If the 1W annunciator is on, the power level cannot be changed to 25 watts (unless you reprogram that special channel). 9. COMPLETION: Remove primary power from the unit. C. REMOVING OR MODIFYING A SPECIAL CHANNEL: If you are not already in the special channel programming mode, you must first enter this mode as instructed in paragraph A above. Select the special channel of interest using the channel selector knob . You must first remove a special channel before you can modify it. Push RADIO 7 to remove the special channel. The SPL annunciator will go off , You may now reprogram this channel or program a different channel using the procedure in part B above. D. SPECIAL CHANNEL BULK BRASS: After entering the special channel programing mode as instructed in part A above, you may erase ALI, existing special channels at once by pushing RADIO 1, 5. Do NOT use this function if you wish to retain ANY previously programmed channels. After cycling the radio power to exit the programing mode, the special channel bulk erase function is disabled. 3.2 USDIG EXPANSION (SPECIAL) (EANNRLS: A. TO SELECT A PROGRAMMKD SPECIAL CHANNEL: Press LIST key until the SPECIAL list has been entered and then use the UP and DN keys or the numeric keys to select the special channel. B. To ADD A PROGRAM SPECIAL CHANNEL INTO SCAN MEMORY: After selecting the special channel per paragraph A, press RADIO 7 keys to add the channel to the scan list. Special channels tagged as memory channels will be included in the USA or international scan modes. Channel Transmit Receive Receive Channel Transmit Receive Receive Number Freq,MHz Freq,M1-1z Freq,MHz Numbfir Freq,MHz Freq,MHz Freq.MHz Simplex Duplex Simplex Duplex 80 157.025 157.025 161.625 120 155.975 155.975 160.575 81 157.075 157.075 161.675 121 155.950 155.950 160.550 82 157.125 157.125 161.725 122 155.925 155.925 160.525 83 157.175 157.175 161.775 123 155.900 155.900 160.500 84 157.225 157.225 161.825 124 155.875 155.875 160.475 85 157.275 157.275 161.875 125 155.850 155.850 160.450 86 157.325 157.325 161.925 126 155.825 155.825 160.425 87 157.375 157.375 161.975 127 155.800 155.800 160.400 88 157.425 157.425 162.025 128 155.775 155.775 160.375 89 157.475 157.475 162.075 129 155.750 155.750 160.350 90 157.525 157.525 162.125 130 155.725 155.725 160.325 91 157.575 157.575 162.175 131 155.700 155.700 160.300 92 157.625 157.625 162.225 132 155.675 155.675 160.275 93 157.675 157.675 162.275 133 155.650 155.650 160.250 94 157.725 157.725 162.325 134 155.625 155.625 160.225 95 157.775 157.775 162.375 135 155.600 155.600 160.200 96 157,825 157.825 162.425 136 155.575 155.575 160.175 97 157.875 157.875 162.475 137 155.550 155.550 160.150 98 157.925 157.925 162.525 138 155.525 155.525 160.125 99 157.975 157.975 162.575 139 155.500 155.500 160.100 100 158.025 158.025 162.625 140 155.475 155.475 160.075 101 158.075 158.075 162.675 141 155.450 155.450 160.050 102 158,125 158.125 162.725 142 155.425 155.425 160.025 103 158.175 158.175 162.775 143 155.400 155.400 160.000 104 158.225 158.225 162.825 144 155.375 155.375 159.975 105 158.275 158.275 162.875 145 155.350 155.350 159.950 106 158.325 158.325 162.925 146 155.325 155.325 159.925 107 158.375 158.375 162.975 147 155.300 155.300 159.900 108 158.425 158.425 163.025 148 155.275 155.275 159.875 109 15.475 158.475 163.075 149 155.250 155.250 159.850 110 158.525 158.525 163.125 150 155.225 155.225 159.825 111 158.575 158.575 163.175 151 155.200 155.200 159.800 112 158.625 158.625 163.225 152 155.175 155.175 159.775 113 158.675 158.675 163.275 153 155.150 155.150 159.750 114 158.725 158.725 163.325 154 155.125 155.125 159.725 115 158.775 158.775 163.375 155 155.100 155.100 159.700 116 158.825 158.825 163.425 156 155.075 155.075 159.675 117 158.875 158.875 163.475 157 155.050 155.050 159.650 118 158.925 158.925 163.525 158 155.025 155.025 159.625 119 158.975 158.975 163.575 159 155.000 155.000 159.600 3—14 4 . INSTALLATION 4 .1 PRELIMINARY CHECK: Prior to installation, the transmit frequency, peak frequency deviation and RF power output level should be checked on a calibrated PM service monitor or equivalent equipment. See Section 5 of this manual for more detailed procedures. 4.2 SHELF OR OVERHEAD MOUNTING: See Figure 4.1, Page 4-2 for dimension drawings of SBA 7157. 4.3 HUI-HEAD MOUNTING: A special bulkhead mounting bracket (SBA P/N KIT—0235—30) is available from SEA which permits through~bulkhead mounting of the SEA 7157. The required depth behind the bulkhead is approximately 11.5 inches (290 um) . Contact SEA at (425) 771—2182. 4.4 POWER SUPPLY WIRING: Use either a 12 volt +30%/—10% (10.8 to 15.6 vdc) O_R a 24 volt +30%/—10% (21.6 to 31.2 vdc) DC power source for proper operation. Direct connection to the battery or power supply is recommended. Connect the RED positive (+) power lead to the positive supply rail. The BLACK negative (~) power lead connects to the negative supply rail. m: The chassis of the SBA 7157 is NOT connected to either supply rail. Connect the #10 stainless steel ground stud to a suitable earth ground. GROUNDING THE CHASSIS OF THE SEA 7157 WILL NOT CREATE A GROUND FAULT WITH EITHER SIDE OF THE DC PRIMARY SUPPLY VOLTAGE. CAUTION: If the power wires are connected backward, i.e., reverse polarity power is accidentally applied to the radiotelephone, the fuse will blow. It is also likely that the reverse—polarity protection diode, CR20, which is near the power lead connections on the main circuit board will also be damaged. Application of voltages greater than the maximum rated voltage will produce the same result. (Refer service of this equipment to a qualified technician.) NOTE: As described above, the SEA 7157 radiotelephone is designed to support operation on either a 12 volt m: 24 volt power system. The internal radiotelephone circuitry is designed to conform to FCC Part 80.215 (9) with respect to operation from a 12 volt lead-acid battery power source WHEN STRAPpr FOR 12 VOLT OPERATION! When operation from 24 volt power sources is required, the internal 24/12 volt power converter is strapped in. The converter provides a 13.6 volt regulated power rail for the operation of the internal 12 volt radiotelephone circuitry. Check the rear apron of your radiotelephone for the operating voltage required for m radio. 4—1 4.5 ANTENNA WIRING: Use only the best available antennas, 50 ohm coaxial antenna feedline cable and connectors. The antennas must be vertically polarized. The antenna cables should be terminated with properly installed PL—259 (Type UHF male) connectors which should be securely screwed to the antenna connectors on the rear panel of the transceiver. Mars: The MAIN system antenna should be mounted above the Channel 70 Monitor Receiver antenna with sufficient vertical spacing to provide isolation between the two antennas. All antenna feedline connections should be carefully protected from the weather. 4.6 EXTERML SPEAKER WIRING: An external speaker can be added with or without the internal speaker remaining active. Both receiver audio and the internal speaker are brought out to pins on the Accessory Connector, P3, on the rear apron. For normal operation of the internal loudspeaker, a jumper is connected between pin 5 (INT SPKR) and pin 6 (AP OUT). Connect an external loudspeaker between pin 6 (AF OUT) and pin 8 (GND) , For maximum audio volume, the external speaker should be a high—efficiency type rated for 4 ohms, 4 watts minimum. NOTE: Do not attempt to use either the radiotelephone chassis or "ship's ground" for audio circuits . Often, confusing audio problems can be avoided if none of the external speaker wiring is allowed to contact the radio chassis or ship's ground. If using external microphone(s) , be sure to install independent speaker and microphone audio ground wiring. 4.7 EXTERNAL MICROPHONE HIRING: Do not use an amplified ("power“) microphone. It will not increase the range ("talk power') of the radiotelephone but will instead muffle and distort your transmissions. EXTERNAL DYNAMIC MICROPHONE: Use a dynamic microphone rated for 500 or 600 ohms. Besides the normal push—to—talk (m) switch, it should contain an additional internal switch ganged to the FIT button which disconnects the microphone element from the MIC+ line when not transmitting, especially if the front—mounted microphone is to be retained. Dynamic microphone cable runs exceeding five feet should be avoided. Do not bundle microphone cabling with power cables or mount near other sources of electrical noise. Connect the microphone cable shield wire to pin 1, (GND), of the Accessory Connector P3 located on the radiotelephone rear panel. Connect the microphone audio line to pin 2, (MIC), of P3. Connect the push~to~ta1k line to pin 3, (P'I'I'), of P3. To avoid audio problems, do not attempt; to use "ship's ground" for audio ground return paths . 4—4 5. TIEORY OF OPERATION Block diagrams, schematic wiring diagrams and printed circuit board layout drawings are provided in this in Section 7. See the table on page 7—1 for aid in locating applicable reference drawings. 5 . 1 FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER: GENERAL: Refer to the R17 Mainboard block and schematic diagrams. The SEA 7157 makes use of a multivloop synthesizer system to provide conversion frequencies for the Main Receiver, the Channel 70 Monitor Receiver and the Transmitter. The Main Transmitter synthesizer also serves as the first conversion loop for the Main Receiver and consists of the voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) Q11, RP buffers/amplifiers 012 and Q13, synthesizer LSI chip 010 including reference oscillator crystal Y1, and the loop filter. VCO: The low—noise VCO is a grounded—gate JFET oscillator operating in two frequency bands as selected by 010 and CR8. CRB is "off'I for transmit and L28 and L29 set the frequency band to the 155159 MHz range. CR8 is "on" for receive and L28 sets the zoo—208.6 MHz receiver local oscillator (L0) range. The tuning voltage from the loop filter is applied to varactors CR6 and CR7. The tuning voltage ranges from 2 to 7 volts with lower voltages corresponding to lower frequencies. The more sensitive VCO components (The JFET oscillator, tuning inductors, bandswitching components, etc.), are located under a metal shield can which is soldered down to the main PC board. The can cover is removable for service. VCO RF AMPLIFIERS: 012 and Q13 amplify the VCO signal up to +13 dBm (20 mm) nominal. The signal is then fed through a 6 dB resistive pad attenuator to the receive mixer MIXI. CR10 is turned “on" only during transmission to supply approximately +10 dBm excitation to the transmitter amplifier chain. SYNTHESIZER CHIP: A sample of the amplified VCO signal is derived from the output of Q13 and fed to the N and A dividers of 010. The N and A divider modulus is preset by the microcomputer via the clock, data and enable digital lines. The total frequency division (N and A) reduces the RF signal down to a 12.5 KHz comparison frequency at UlO's internal phase detector. For example, the total division for transmission on 156.800 MHz is the 156,800/12.5 = 12544. For a receive frequency of 156.8 MHz, the required LO frequency is 156.800 + 45.000 = 210.800 MHZ. The division factor is 201,800/12.5 = 16,144. The 12.800 MHz master reference oscillator is divided by a fixed 1024 modulus to produce the 12.5 KHz reference frequency. The mo phase detector output at pin 5 is tri—state and drives the loop filter. A separate lock detect (LD) output from 010 pin 7 goes mostly low when out of lock. The LD signal is fed back to the microcomputer which disables the transmitter in the unlocked state. 5—1 FREQUENCY DEVIATION CONTROL: R103 sets the transmitter peak frequency deviation. Q19 is switched "on" during receive mode to insure that no modulation is applied to the synthesizer during reception. 5.3 MAIN RECEIVER CIRCUITS: GENERAL: Refer to RF Mainboard Schematic Diagrams, Sheets 1 and 2. The receiver is a doub1e~conversion superheterodyne with a total of 10 poles of receiver IF filtering. MAIN RECEIVER RF FRONT END: Bandpass filtered RF from the antenna relay K1 is applied to the lowAnoise RF preamplifier MMIC, U5. This is a switchable amplifier with approximately 12 dB gain in the "ON" condition and approximately 10 dB loss in the "OFF" condition. Under normal operating conditions, the amplifier is switched "ON" and provides the required sub—microvolt sensitivity required for the receiver in the "DISTANT'I mode. When the operator selects the "LOCAL" operating mode, U5 is turned off, reducing the front end gain by approximately 22 dB and providing additional protection from extremely strong in—harhor signals. After passing though US, the signal passes through the three stage, top coupled bandpass filter consisting of L19, L20, L21 and their associated capacitors. The 50 ohm output of the bandpass filter is then applied to the double balanced passive diode mixer, MIx1. The mixer is provided with +7 dBm LO high—side injection from the VCO buffer through a 6 dB resistive pad consisting of R26, R27 and R28. The desired mixer output is the 45.0 MHz first intermediate frequency (IF) . 45 MHZ IF AMPLIFIERS: Q6, the first IF amplifier circuit uses a low noise JFET in the canon gate configuration. This circuit provides a wideband termination for the mixer, MIX1. IF transformer T1 matches the first 45 MHz filter, PL3, to the output impedance of 06. Transistors Q7 and Q8 form a emitter coupled differential amplifier, the second 45 MHz IF amplifier stage. The input impedance of Q7, together with inductor L3 matches FL3's output impedance and the combination of R36 and 1.38 matches the input impedance of the second 45 MHz filter, 171.4. "L" network C70 and L23 matches 171.4 to the input of the multipurpose FM receiver chip, UG. SECOND CONVERSION: The second mixer is of the Gilbert cell type and is part of the multipurpose FM receiver chip, UG. Mixing the first IF of 45.0 MHz with the second conversion oscillator results in a second IF frequency of 455 KHz. This signal is filtered by six—pole ceramic filter FLS, and then passed on to the limiter— amplifier in 116. The second local oscillator frequency is generated by a phase locked loop which consists of the oscillator section of the multipurpose FM receiver chip US, buffer transistor Q9, dual PLL chip U7 and the loop filter components R43, R44, C83 and C84. The frequency reference for this oscillator is the same 12.8 MHz temperature stabilized crystal used in the first 573 permits the audio signal from U12A to pass unrestricted to the front panel VOLUME control. The same signal from pin 15 of U6 is also used as a Scan Stop line to control the microprocessor. The squelch comparator in 06 has a built in hysteresis which minimizes squelch "chatter". Additional hysteresis is provided by the CPU which manipulates the position of the llwiper" of the squelch control. 5.4 CHANNEL 70 MONITOR RECEIVER CIRCUITS: GENERAL: Refer to the Channel 70 Monitor Receiver Schematic Diagram. The Channel 70 monitor receiver is a single channel, dual conversion, crystal controlled FM receiver. The operating frequency is 156.525 MHz (CH 70), the first IF is 21.4 MHz and the second IF is 455 1012. FIRST MIXER: The first mixer, U1, is a double balanced Gilbert cell type. The Channel 70 Monitor Receiver uses a antenna separate from the main transceiver. Signals from this antenna pass through an isolation capacitor, 3 dB pad and VHF bandpass filter to the input of U1. The mixer output circuit is naturally compatible with impedance of the 21.4 MHz first IF filter. FIRST IF FILTER: The output from the mixer stage is passed through a 4—pole monolithic IF filter to the input of the multipurpose FM receiver chip U2. U2 contains much of the remaining receiver circuitry. FIRST LOCAL OSCILLATOR: The first local oscillator circuit consists of JFBT 01, a low-noise VCO operating at 67.5625 MHz. The oscillator frequency is controlled by a PLL which consists of one half of dual PLL chip U3. U3 uses the same 12.8 MHz master clock oscillator as the main receiver. Phase detector output from U3 passes through loop filter components R12, R13, C33 and C34 before being applied to varactors (2112 and CR}. The vco frequency is buffered by 02 and doubled in Q3 and the resulting 135.125 MHz LO signal is filtered by a bandpass filter consisting of L11, 1.12 and their associated capacitors. The receiver mixer and local oscillator circuitry operate from +8 volts and U4 provides a stabilized +5 volt line for U2, U3 and other voltage sensitive receiver circuitry. MULTIE'URPOSB RECEIVER CHIP: U2 is a Motorola MC3371 single chip FM receiver. The filtered first IF frequency of 21.4 MHz is presented to the first mixer input of U2. The second conversion oscillator is a phase locked VCO which uses the oscillator transistor in U2, together with VCO buffer Q4 and the second half of dual synthesizer chip U3. The reference counter in U3 is set to 417, resulting in a reference frequency of 30.695444 1012, while the divide—hy—N counter is set to 712. This results in a second local oscillator frequency of 21.855155 MHz. The mixer output of U2, at the second IF frequency of 455 Hz, is passed through a 6—pole crystal 575 +8 volt Tx rail, R88, R94 (plus R95 in the one watt condition only). The difference, if any, is amplified by operational amplifier USB and is current amplified by 916 and Q17. Q17's collector voltage provides the collector supply for 015 and the first stage of U8. This voltage rises if additional RF gain is needed and decreases if less RF gain is needed. Factors affecting Ql'l's collector voltage are selection of 1 watt or 25 watt power transmitter output level, power supply voltage and ambient temperature. The transmitter output power level is held essentially constant under a wide range of voltages and temperatures. TX LOGIC DETECTOR: The DC level from rectifier (21112 which represents RF power output is amplified and converted to a logic level by (1911 and 018. The collector of Q18 goes low when a power level of at least 1/2 watt is detected by CR12. This logical low is fed to the microprocessor which then turns on the Tx annunciator on the front panel liquid crystal display. 5.8 SQUELCH GATE, MUTE AND POWER AUDIO CIRCUITS: Refer to RF Mainboard Schematic Diagram and the CPU/DSC Schematic Diagram. Voice audio from the multipurpose FM receiver chip, Us. is routed through amplifier/deemphasis network, U12A, to the squelch gate and front panel volume control potentiometer, Rxx. Audio from the wiper of the volume control potentiometer is then presented to the audio power amplifier chip, 014. Q8 acts as a shunt squelch gate and, when biased on, mutes the receiver audio. Normal receiver squelch operation is provided from the multipurpose FM receiver chip squelch comparator through diode CR12. Receive audio provided through C64 from the VOLUME control is amplified up to 4 watts maximm by U14. Keypad audible feedback ("Beep'l audio) from the microprocessor is provided through R126/C66 to the inverting input of 014. EXTERNAL MUTE OPERATION: A rather sophisticated external muting system is provided in the SEA 7157. This system permits the interconnection of a number of radiotelephones in such a fashion as to permit transmission on ANY radio to mute the receiver audio in ALL interconnected radios. This system is operational even when some of the radiotelephones so interconnected are powered down. Operation of the MUTE circuitry is described below: Power MOSPET Q12 serves to disconnect the MUTE line (P3, pin 7 on the rear panel) of the radiotelephone when the power switch is OFF. This prevents an unpowered radiotelephone from loading the MUTE line and interfering with the MUTE system between other, powered up radiotelephones. When power is applied to the radio, the gate of 012 is held high through R122 which connects to the +5V rail. Under these conditions, 912 is essentially a short circuit, connecting the external MUTE line to the gate of 013 ??? and through C108 to the collector of Q19. 5—7 13V'1‘x rail are Mb derived from the output of the internal 24/12 volt DC/DC converter. Internal strapping lets the ON/OFF switch control the DC/DC converter in the 24 volt mode. Various control switches and regulators are operated from the ¢13VSH line. (See both DSC/CPU Board and Mainboard Schematic Diagrams). On the DSC/CPU Board, U16 operates from the 13vsw line and provides the +5 volt rail for the CPU circuitry. 014, the audio power amplifier also operates from the +13vsw rail. 1115 is a 15 volt regulator which is used to provide a regulated voltage to the DC/DC converter controller chip (018) when the radio is strapped for 24 volt operation. On the RF Mainboard, UlB operates from the +13VSW rail and provides the primary +5 volt rail for the Mainboard. U4 provides a dedicated +5 volt line for the Channel 70 Monitor Receiver and is powered from the +8 volt rail. Q23 and Q24 are inverted PM? switches operating from the +13vsw rail and controlled by the microprocessor. When the Rx line from the microprocessor is high, 023 saturates and provides the +13VRx rail. [116 is connected between the RX and TX outputs from the microprocessor in such a way as to insure that the transmitter cannot operate UNLESS the receiver is off. The output of 01613 is thus the NOT TX Interlocked line. When this line goes high, inverted PNP switch Q24 (See Sheet 2, Mainboard Schematic Diagram) saturates, energizing the 13V'I'X rail. This voltage source powers the transmitter buffer amplifier, Q14, and provides power for the power control feedback amplifier, UQB. "INSTANT ON" OPTION: The radiotelephone can be simply modified so that it will turn itself "on" when primary power is applied. This is accomplished by placing jumper JUl across the main power switch terminals. So connected, the jumper bypasses the normal front panel mounted ON/OFF switch, placing the radiotelephone in it's permanently ON condition. 5.10 THE 24/12 WELT CONVERTER CIRCUIT: As described above, the basic radiotelephone circuitry in the SBA 7157 is designed to operate from a 12 volt lead—acid battery source. When operation from a 24 volt source is desired, a 24/12 volt converter is required. In the SBA 7157, such a converter is provided Mix: on the CPU/DSC Board. The converter makes use of a modern single chip controller 1118, a pair of power MOSFET switch transistors Q3 and 04 in a “totem pole" arrangement, "catcher'I diodes (31116 and CRl7 and ringing inductor L6. When the equipment is "strapped'I for 24 volt operation, the primary power is applied to the 24/12 volt converter circuitry and the radiotelephone is operated from the resulting 13.6 volt regulated supply rail which the converter provides. The external line fuse must be changed (together with the mylar rear panel "voltage" label) when 24 volt operation is desired, 5-9 5.13 DISPLAY/DISPLAY LIGHTING: DISPLAY: The front panel display is a LED backlighted LCD graphic module. Various display configurations are provided which permit the operator to monitor all the various radiotelephone parameters such as channel number, power level, memory mode, etc. The display is controlled by the system microprocessor through ports on latch US. Display contrast is adjusted by trimming the voltage applied to V0 (Pin 3 on connector P7) . This is accomplished through the microprocessor by using the operating system to adjust the voltage from the "wiper" of electronic potentiometer 11813. to the inverting input of contrast buffer amplifier U7. 6. NOTE 1 MAINTENANCE In order to avoid making unnecessary adjustments it is best to first assess the basic transceiver performance using the steps outlined in Section 6.3 below. 6.1 GENERAL BASIC DISASSBMBLY: 1. Prepare a clean surface in the work area. Static—free precautions are recommended. Place radiotelephone on work surface and remove the eight 6—32 machine screws which fix the top and bottom covers in place. The covers may now be removed, providing access to the interior of the radiotelephone . NOTE: The internal fuse may now be accessed without further disassembly. This fuse, F1 (not to be confused with the in— line main power fuse) is located immediately in front of the internal DC/DC converter on the DSC/CPU Board Assembly and is used on 24 operation ONLY. Replace with 7.5 amp autoblade type fuse (SEA PM} PBS—00134175) ONLY. Do M use "slow-blow“ type fuses in this radiotelephone. All basic adjustment points are now accessible. CHASSIS DISASSEMBLY: 1. REMOVING THB RF MAINBOARD ASSEMBLY: If it is necessary to remove the RF Mainboard Assembly (ASY- 7157-01) from the septum, remove the nine 4—40 screws (Including the two screws at the ends of the hybrid final amplifier assembly, US.) Unplug the 16 pin DIP cable from Jl, the 8 pin DIP cable from J2 (On the RF Mainboard) and the 16 gauge Red/Black twisted pair (P15/P16 on the CPU/DSC Board). The Mainboard Assembly can now be separated from the bottom plate as a unit, leaving the thermal link for U8 attached to the septum. (NOTE! Do NOT attempt to operate the RF Mainboard Assembly in the transmit mode with the thermal link disconnected from 08 . The hybrid module will quickly overheat and be damaged if such operation is attempted.) REMOVING Tm! CFU/DSC BOARD ASSEMBLY: If it is necessary to remove the CPU/DSC Board Assembly from the septum, unplug the cable assemblies which connect the CPU/DSC Board from the RF Mainboard (P8, P9, P15 and P16) and the cable assemblies which connect the CPU/DSC Board from the Front Panel Assembly (P6, P7, P11, P12, 913 and P14) . Remove the nine 4—40 screws 6-1 VHF frequency counter, accurate to 10 Hz resolution. Calibrated frequency deviation meter. . Sinewave audio signal generator. . Calibrated RF signal generator with PM capability, 50 ohm output impedance and minimum 40 watt reverse power protection. Audio distortion (SINAD) and audio voltmeter. . Four ohm, four watt resistive load. 10. Spectrum analyzer, 1 to 1000 MHz, 1 RI-lz resolution. 11. Oscilloscope. (50 MHz bandwidth required for receiver first IF alignment.) 12. 50 ohm, 20 or 30 dB RF power attenuator. 13. VHF marine PM monitor receiver. denunc- mm 6.3 BASIC PERFORMANCE TESTS: GENERAL: NOTE: No disassembly is required to perform basic performance tests. The jumper wire between pins 5 and 6 of P3, the rear panel Accessory Connector must be installed if internal speaker operation is desired. (This jumper is normally installed at the factory.) 1. DISPLAY/KEYPAD AND MAIN MEMORY CEmCK: when the main power is tuned on, the display will cycle through a self—check sequence. Following this self-check cycle, the front panel will revert to the normal RADIO front panel indication. 2. NON—VOLATILE MEMORY FUNCTION CEEECK: Change the priority channel to a new channel number. eg: Select USA or INT channel list, then push: 1. 3. ENT, RADIO 9. Wait one second. Cycle radio power OFF then ON. Push 16 twice and verify that the newly chosen priority channel number (13 in our example) is displayed. Reset the priority channel to the desired channel number (USA Channel 16 is recommended) . BASIC TRANSMITTER TESTS: Set up the equipment as shown in Figure 6.1, "Transmitter Test Setup". 1. TRANSMITTER FREQUENCY AND POWER CHECK: Key the transmitter on channel 16 (156.800 MHz) . The frequency should read within z 780 Hz of the assigned frequency at room temperature. The wattmeter should read 25 1 2 watts in the 25 watt mode and 0.7 to 1.0 watt in the 1 watt mode. Repeat this test on enamels 01 (156.050 MHz) and 88 (157.425 MHz). During transmission the Tx axmunciator should be ON when either the 1 watt or 25 watt mode is selected. The DC current should not exceed 6 receiver to channel 16 (156.800 MHz). Set the signal generator modulation to 1 KHz sinusoidal, 3 10-12 peak deviation. Set the signal generator amplitude to obtain 12 dB SINAD. Increase the signal generator amlitude 6 dB (double the output voltage) and then increase the peak deviation until the SINAD ratio drops back to 12 dB SINAD. The final deviation should be 7 1012 or greater. 6.4 TRANSMITTER ALIGNMENT (TUNE UP PROCEDURE): GENERAL: Avoid making unnecessary adjustments. Some or all of the following procedures should be performed only after identifying specific problems during the Basic Performance Tests, Section 6. 3 above. Set up equipment as shown in Figure 6.1, I'Transm:i.tter Test Setup". Perform basic disassembly of the 7157 per section 6.1 if necessary. NOTE: In the event of synthesizer malfunction (unlocked condition) all display annunciators will flash repeatedly, the computerized operating system will fail to respond and radiotelephone transmit function will be inhibited. 1, Ensure that a 50 ohm, 25 watt power load or power attenuator is connected to the antenna terminals. Ensure that the DC power source is supplying 13. 6 + 0.5 volts to the radio power terminals (Rear panel Power Connector P2, positive on pin 1, negative on pin 2) Maxim. QQ NQT m 1,6 more UNDER ANY gQNDITIO . If the transmitter is operated at 25 watts output for long periods, carefully monitor the temperature of the bottom plate and chassis for evidence of excessive heating. 2. TRANSMITTER FREQUENCY: Push microphone push-to-talk button (P’IT) to key transmitter on any desired channel. Use plastic handle alignment tool to set C162 on the Mainboard Assembly to within 200 Hz of the assigned frequency. (C162 is located approximately 1 inch from the left front corner of the VCO shield can which is located just right of center on the Mainboard). All other transmitter and receiver channel frequencies are automatically set on frequency by this adjustment. It is normal for the transmitter frequency to drift slightly downward as the radiotelephone heats up above room temperature. 3. TRANSMITTER POWER: Set the radiotelephone to channel 14 (156.700 MHz) or any other channel in that range. Select 25 watt output level. (NOTE: Avoid prolonged transmitter testing on the emergency channel (16)) . Key the transmitter and adjust R94 on the Mainboard Assembly for exactly 25 watts output. (R94 is located approximately 1 inch to the left of the main receive mixer) . Use a 25 watt wattmeter element for 6—5 6.5 SPECTRAL PURITY: Connect a 1000 MHz spectrum analyzer through the power attenuator and verify that harmonics or spurious signals do not exceed —60 dB with respect to 25 watts (—16 dBm) during both modulated and unmodulated conditions. Change to 1 watt output power mode and verify that harmonics or spurs do not exceed —46 dB with respect to 1 watt (-16 dBm) during both modulated and unmodulated conditons. CAUTION! Spectrum analyzer overload will lead to erroneous results, especially at transmitter harmonic frequencies. to avoid overload, 60 or 70 Db minimum attenuation is usually required between the transmitter output terminals and the first mixer of the spectrum analyzer, regardless of the center frequency and span being viewed. OTHER TRANSMITTER AND SYNTHESIZER ADJUSTMENTS: The settings for C113, L39, 1.40 and 1.41 are not critical and should not require adjustment during the life of the radiotelephone. The voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) is factory aligned and has no field serviceable components, If a problem is suspected with these components or associated circuits, factory service is recommended. RECEIVER ALIGNMENT: GENERAL: Avoid making unnecessary adjustments. Some or all of the following procedures should be performed ONLY after identifying specific problems during the Basic Performance Tests, Section 6.3 above. See Figure 6.2 for “Receiver Test Setup". A ten minute warmup period is recommended before making receiver adjustments. 1. DC VOLTAGE Gmcxs: The B volt regulator (019 on Mainboard) typically exhibits 8.1 volts DC at TPBV on the Mainboard Assembly. TPSV and TP1 both typically exhibit 5.0 volts. SYNTHESIZBR FREQUENCY: The synthesizer (LO) frequency is 45.000 MHz HIGHER than the receive channel frequency during reception. eg: Receive channel 16, 156.800 MHz, corresponds to receive no frequency of 201,800 MHz. If the transmitter frequency was found to be correct in Section 6.3 above or was adjusted properly per Section 6.3, Step 2 above, no adjustment of C162 is necessary. The receive L0 frequency can be checked at TPG on the Mainboard. The frequency counter probe ground lead should be kept as short as possible while this measurement is being made. as needed. Use the "16" key to alternate between channel 16 and weather channel 4 and balance the SINAD sensitivity between the two channels. When adjustment is complete, 12 dB SINAD sensitivity should be less than 0.3 microvolts on both channels and typically will not vary more than .05 microvolts when changing channels. 6.6 ALIGNMENT OF THE CH'JO MONITOR: GENERAL: See the Schematic Diagram for the monitor receiver circuitry and the Mainboard Schematic Diagram, Sheet 3, for details. 1. Connect the AF voltmeter and SINAD meter to the C570 AP pin (Pin 14, U12D) . Using the signal generator, inject a channel 70 (156.525 MHz) signal, 3 KHz deviation at 1000 Hz, to the Channel 70 Monitor Receiver RF connector of the SBA 7157. Adjust the signal generator to an output level sufficient to provide 12 dB SINAD at the audio output terminals. Adjust RF coils L4, L5, L6 and quadrature coil L7 for maximum output. Set signal generator to an output level sufficient to provide 20 dB SINAD. 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Source Exif Data:
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