Samsung Electronics Co SPI-22132825WB Mobile WiMAX Outdoor RAS User Manual ATT E

Samsung Electronics Co Ltd Mobile WiMAX Outdoor RAS ATT E

UserManual.wiki >

Samsung Electronics Co >

SPI 22132825WB User Manual HTML Version

User Manual

FCC ID : A3LSPI-22132825WB

HCT CO., LTD.

SAN 136-1, AMI-RI, BUBAL-EUP, ICHEON-SI, KYOUNGKI-DO, 467-701, KOREA

TEL:+82 31 639 8517 FAX:+82 31 639 8525 www.hct.co.kr

Report No. : HCTR0911FR11 1/1

ATTACHMENT E.

- USER MANUAL -

EPBD-002040

Ed. 00

Mobile WiMAX RAS SPI-2213

System Descriptionl

This manual is proprietary to SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd. and is protected by copyright.

No information contained herein may be copied, translated, transcribed or duplicated for any commercial

purposes or disclosed to the third party in any form without the prior written consent of SAMSUNG Electronics

Co., Ltd.

TRADEMARKS

Product names mentioned in this manual may be trademarks and/or registered trademarks of their respective

companies.

This manual should be read and used as a guideline for properly installing and operating the product.

This manual may be changed for the system improvement, standardization and other technical reasons without prior

notice.

If you need updated manuals or have any questions concerning the contents of the manuals, contact our Document

Center at the following address or Web site:

Address: Document Center 3rd Floor Jeong-bo-tong-sin-dong. Dong-Suwon P.O. Box 105, 416, Maetan-3dong

Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea 442-600

Homepage: http://www.samsungdocs.com

Mobile WiMAX RAS SPI-2213 System Description

INTRODUCTION

Purpose

This description describes the characteristics, functions and structures of the SPI-2213,

which is the RAS of Mobile WiMAX.

Document Content and Organization

This description is composed of five Chapters and an Abbreviation as follows:

CHAPTER 1. Overview of Mobile WiMAX System

y Mobile WiMAX System Introduction

y Characteristics of Mobile WiMAX System

y Components of Mobile WiMAX Network

y Functions of Mobile WiMAX System

CHAPTER 2. Overview of SPI-2213

y SPI-2213 Introduction

y Major functions

y Resources

y System Configuration

y Interface between the Systems

CHAPTER 3. SPI-2213 Architecture

y System Configuration

y Hardware Structure

y Software Structure

y Redundancy

INTRODUCTION

II © SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd.

CHAPTER 4. Message Flow

y Call Processing Message Flow

y Network Synchronization Message Flow

y Alarm Message Flow

y Loading Message Flow

y Operation and Maintenance Message Flow

CHAPTER 5. Additional Functions and Tools

y RET

y Web-EMT

ABBREVIATION

Describes the acronyms used in this description.

Conventions

The following types of paragraphs contain special information that must be carefully read

and thoroughly understood. Such information may or may not be enclosed in a rectangular

box, separating it from the main text, but is always preceded by an icon and/or a bold title.

NOTE

Indicates additional information as a reference.

Revision History

EDITION DATE OF ISSUE REMARKS

00 11. 2009. First Edition

Mobile WiMAX RAS SPI-2213 System Description

TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION I

Purpose .................................................................................................................................................. I

Document Content and Organization..................................................................................................... I

Conventions........................................................................................................................................... II

Revision History..................................................................................................................................... II

CHAPTER 1. Overview of Mobile WiMAX System 1-1

1.1 Introduction to Mobile WiMAX.............................................................................................. 1-1

1.2 Characteristics of the Mobile WiMAX System ..................................................................... 1-3

1.3 Mobile WiMAX Network Configuration................................................................................. 1-4

1.4 Mobile WiMAX System Functions ........................................................................................ 1-6

CHAPTER 2. Overview of SPI-2213 2-1

2.1 Introduction to SPI-2213........................................................................................................2-1

2.2 Characteristics of SPI-2213................................................................................................... 2-2

2.3 Main Functions ...................................................................................................................... 2-4

2.3.1 Physical Layer Processing Function .................................................................................... 2-4

2.3.2 Call Processing Function...................................................................................................... 2-7

2.3.3 IP Processing Functions..................................................................................................... 2-10

2.3.4 Auxiliary Device Interface Function .................................................................................... 2-11

2.3.5 Maintenance Function ........................................................................................................ 2-11

2.4 Specifications ...................................................................................................................... 2-17

2.5 System Configuration.......................................................................................................... 2-21

2.6 Interface between Systems................................................................................................. 2-24

2.6.1 Interface Structure...............................................................................................................2-24

2.6.2 Protocol Stack .....................................................................................................................2-25

2.6.3 Physical Interface Operation Method .................................................................................2-26

TABLE OF CONTENTS

IV © SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd.

CHAPTER 3. SPI-2213 Architecture 3-1

3.1 System Configuration ............................................................................................................3-1

3.1.1 DU and RRH......................................................................................................................... 3-1

3.1.2 Internal Configuration of the System ....................................................................................3-3

3.2 Detailed Structure...................................................................................................................3-5

3.2.1 Digital Main Block (DMB)......................................................................................................3-5

3.2.2 RRH ...................................................................................................................................... 3-9

3.2.3 DPM-FI................................................................................................................................3-12

3.2.4 Cooling Structure ................................................................................................................3-14

3.2.5 Interface Structure...............................................................................................................3-15

3.3 Software Structure ...............................................................................................................3-18

3.3.1 Basic Structure....................................................................................................................3-18

3.3.2 Call Control (CC) Block....................................................................................................... 3-20

3.3.3 Operation And Maintenance (OAM) Block .........................................................................3-23

CHAPTER 4. Message Flow 4-1

4.1 Call Processing Message Flow .............................................................................................4-1

4.1.1 Initial Access ......................................................................................................................... 4-1

4.1.2 Authentication .......................................................................................................................4-4

4.1.3 Status Change ......................................................................................................................4-7

4.1.4 Location Update.................................................................................................................. 4-11

4.1.5 Paging.................................................................................................................................4-16

4.1.6 Handover ............................................................................................................................4-17

4.1.7 Access Termination.............................................................................................................4-23

4.2 Network Synchronization Message Flow ...........................................................................4-25

4.3 Alarm Signal Flow ................................................................................................................4-26

4.4 Loading Message Flow ........................................................................................................4-28

4.5 Operation and Maintenance Message Flow .......................................................................4-30

CHAPTER 5. Additional Functions and Tools 5-1

5.1 RET ..........................................................................................................................................5-1

5.2 Web-EMT .................................................................................................................................5-2

Mobile WiMAX RAS SPI-2213 System Description/Ed.02

ABBREVIATION I

A ~ D ..................................................................................................................................................... I

E ~ I .................................................................................................................................................... II

M ~ P ................................................................................................................................................... III

Q ~ U ...................................................................................................................................................IV

V ~ W ....................................................................................................................................................V

INDEX I

A ~ E ..................................................................................................................................................... I

F ~ O .................................................................................................................................................... II

P ~ T ................................................................................................................................................... III

U ~ W ...................................................................................................................................................IV

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1.1 Mobile WiMAX Network Configuration .................................................................. 1-4

Figure 1.2 Configuration of Mobile WiMAX System Functions (Based on Profile C) .............. 1-6

Figure 1.3 FFT Spectrum Plot of CDD.................................................................................... 2-3

Figure 1.4 4T4R with CDD (Matrix A + CDD mode)................................................................ 2-6

Figure 1.5 4T4R with CDD (Matrix B + CDD mode) ............................................................... 2-7

Figure 2.1 IPv4/IPv6 Dual Stack Operation .......................................................................... 2-10

Figure 2.2 DU Configuration (SMFS-F) ................................................................................ 2-21

Figure 2.3 RRH Configuration .............................................................................................. 2-22

Figure 2.4 RRH-2WB Configuration ..................................................................................... 2-23

Figure 2.5 Structure of SPI-2213 Interface ........................................................................... 2-24

Figure 2.6 Protocol Stack between NEs ............................................................................... 2-25

Figure 2.7 Protocol Stack between SPI-2213 and WSM ...................................................... 2-25

Figure 3.1 Internal Configuration of the System (MIMO) ........................................................ 3-3

Figure 3.2 Internal Configuration of the System (4T4R with CDD) ......................................... 3-4

Figure 3.3 DMB Configuration................................................................................................ 3-6

Figure 3.4 Sector Configuration Example Using RRH-2....................................................... 3-10

Figure 3.5 Omni Configuration Example Using RRH-2 .........................................................3-11

Figure 3.6 DPM-FI Configuration.......................................................................................... 3-12

Figure 3.7 Power Structure of SPI-2213............................................................................... 3-13

Figure 3.8 Fan Configuration................................................................................................ 3-14

TABLE OF CONTENTS

VI © SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd.

Figure 3.9 Cooling Structure of the DU .................................................................................3-14

Figure 3.10 Interfaces of SPI-2213 (MIMO) ..........................................................................3-15

Figure 3.11 Interfaces of SPI-2213 (4T4R with CDD) ...........................................................3-16

Figure 3.12 Software Structure of SPI-2213..........................................................................3-18

Figure 3.13 CC Block Structure.............................................................................................3-20

Figure 3.14 OAM Software Structure ....................................................................................3-23

Figure 3.15 Interface between OAM Blocks..........................................................................3-24

Figure 3.16 SNMPD Block ....................................................................................................3-25

Figure 3.17 OAGS Block.......................................................................................................3-26

Figure 3.18 WebEMT Block ..................................................................................................3-27

Figure 3.19 CLIM Block ........................................................................................................3-28

Figure 3.20 PAM Block..........................................................................................................3-29

Figure 3.21 UFM Block .........................................................................................................3-30

Figure 3.22 Loader Block......................................................................................................3-31

Figure 3.23 ULM Block .........................................................................................................3-33

Figure 3.24 OPM Block.........................................................................................................3-34

Figure 3.25 OSSM Block ......................................................................................................3-35

Figure 3.26 OER/OEV Block.................................................................................................3-36

Figure 3.27 OCM Block.........................................................................................................3-37

Figure 3.28 RDM Block .........................................................................................................3-39

Figure 4.1 Initial Access Process ............................................................................................4-2

Figure 4.2 Authentication Procedure (At the time of initial access) .........................................4-4

Figure 4.3 Authentication Procedure (At the time of the Authenticator Relocation).................4-6

Figure 4.4 Awake Mode Æ Idle Mode Status Change Procedure ...........................................4-7

Figure 4.5 Awake Mode Q Sleep Mode Status Change Procedure ........................................4-8

Figure 4.6 Idle Mode Æ Awake Mode (QCS) Procedure.........................................................4-9

Figure 4.7 Inter-RAS Location Update Procedure................................................................. 4-11

Figure 4.8 Inter-ACR Location Update Procedure (CMIP/PMIP Case) .................................4-12

Figure 4.9 Inter-ACR Location Update Procedure (Simple IP Case) ....................................4-14

Figure 4.10 Paging Procedure ..............................................................................................4-16

Figure 4.11 Inter-RAS Handover Procedure .........................................................................4-17

Figure 4.12 Inter-ASN Handover (ASN-Anchored Mobility) ..................................................4-19

Figure 4.13 Inter-ASN Handover (CSN-Anchored Mobility) ..................................................4-21

Figure 4.14 Access Termination (Awake Mode) ....................................................................4-23

Figure 4.15 Access Termination (Idle Mode).........................................................................4-24

Figure 4.16 Network Synchronization Flow of SPI-2213.......................................................4-25

Figure 4.17 Alarm Signal Flow of SPI-2213 ..........................................................................4-26

Figure 4.18 Alarm and Control Structure of SPI-2213...........................................................4-27

Figure 4.19 Loading Message Flow ......................................................................................4-29

Mobile WiMAX RAS SPI-2213 System Description/Ed.02

Figure 4.20 Operation and Maintenance Signal Flow........................................................... 4-31

Figure 5.1 RET Interface ........................................................................................................ 5-1

Figure 5.2 Web-EMT Interface ............................................................................................... 5-2

TABLE OF CONTENTS

VIII © SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd.

This page is intentionally left blank.

Mobile WiMAX RAS SPI-2213 System Description

CHAPTER 1. Overview of Mobile

WiMAX System

1.1 Introduction to Mobile WiMAX

The Mobile WiMAX system is the wireless network system that supports IEEE 802.16

base service. The IEEE 802.16 standard is the basis of Mobile WiMAX, and includes IEEE

Std 802.16-2004 defining fixed wireless internet access service and IEEE Std 802.16,

P802.16-2004/Cor/D3 defining the technologies supporting mobility, which include

handover, paging.

Mobile WiMAX Standard

In this description, the entire Mobile WiMAX standard is expressed IEEE 802.16.

The wireless LAN (Wireless Local Area Network, WLAN) can provide high speed data

services, but its radio wave is short and covers only small areas, and also gives limited user

mobility. It is difficult for WLAN to ensure Quality of Service (QoS) for data service.

On the contrary, the present mobile communication networks support the mobility of the

users, but the service charge and the cost of system operations are high due to the limited

wireless resources. To provide faster service in the existing mobile communication

networks, it requires a separate wireless communication technology such as High Speed

Packet Access (HSPA) for the data services.

Mobile WiMAX can, therefore, overcome the limitations of the WLAN and present mobile

communication networks, and accommodate only the advantages of the system.

Mobile WiMAX can ultimately provide the high speed wireless internet services with low

cost at any time and in anyplace.

Samsung Mobile WiMAX System provides high speed data services using the transmission

technology of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) by the Time

Division Duplex (TDD), and can give wider coverage compared to the existing WLAN.

The system performance and the capacity have been expanded by the high performance

hardware, and thus, it can easily give various functions and services to the users.

CHAPTER 1. Overview of Mobile WiMAX System

1-2 © SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd.

The Mobile WiMAX system consists of Radio Access Station (RAS), Access Control

Router (ACR) and Mobile WiMAX System Manager (WSM). RAS manages 802.16

Medium Access Control (MAC)/Physical Layer (PHY) function for Mobile Station (MS),

ACR manages various control functions and interworking function between Mobile

WiMAX ASN system and CSN system.

System Support Standards

Network Working Group (NWG) of Mobile WiMAX Forum defines the Mobile

WiMAX network as Access Service Network (ASN) and Connectivity Service

Network (CSN). RAS of Samsung is Base Station (BS) and ACR is ASN-GW

(Gateway) of ASN, respectively.

RAS and ACR are based on ASN Profile C and Wave 2 Profile defined in the

Mobile WiMAX Forum and the Wave 2 Profile contains Wave 1 Profile.

Mobile WiMAX RAS SPI-2213 System Description/Ed.02

1.2 Characteristics of the Mobile WiMAX System

The major characteristics of Mobile WiMAX system are listed below.

High Compatibility and Cross-Interworking

The Mobile WiMAX system is based on IEEE 802.16 standard and complies with Wave 2

Profile and ASN Profile C of the Mobile WiMAX Forum. Therefore, the Mobile WiMAX

system provides high compatibility and excellent cross-interworking.

High Performance Module Structure

The Mobile WiMAX system has high performance by using high-performance processor

and provides the module structure that it is easy to upgrade hardware and software.

High System Stability

The Mobile WiMAX system provides the redundancy structure for main modules to ensure

higher stability.

Variant Advance RF and Antenna Solution Support

The Mobile WiMAX system supports Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) and applies

the power amplifier to support wideband operation bandwidth.

Evolution Possibility into Next Generation Networking

The Mobile WiMAX system complies with the structure of the Mobile WiMAX ASN

Profile C network and the ASN Profile C network composition is similar to the network

structure considered in 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE)/Service Architecture Evolution

(SAE). Therefore, the Mobile WiMAX system can easily evolve into the next generation

network.

Maintenance Function with Strengthened Security

The Mobile WiMAX system provides the security function (SNMPv2c/SNMPv3, SSH,

FTP/SFTP and HTTPs) to all channels for operation and maintenance. The Mobile

WiMAX system provides the operator Authentication, Authorization and Accounting

(AAA) function to authenticate the operator and assign the right for system access and

stores the operation history in a log.

CHAPTER 1. Overview of Mobile WiMAX System

1-4 © SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd.

1.3 Mobile WiMAX Network Configuration

Mobile WiMAX network is composed of ASN and CSN. ACR and RAS are involved in

ASN and WSM is the Network Element (NE) to manage ACR and RAS. CSN is composed

of AAA server, HA and PCRF server. ASN is connected with CSN by router and switch.

The following diagram shows the composition of Mobile WiMAX network.

Figure 1.1 Mobile WiMAX Network Configuration

Radio Access Station (RAS)5

RAS as the system between ACR and MS has the interface with ACR and provides the

wireless connection to MS under IEEE 802.16 standards to support wireless

communication service for subscribers.

RAS carries out wireless signal exchange with MS, modulation/demodulation signal

processing for packet traffic signal, efficient use of wireless resources, packet scheduling

for Quality of Service (QoS) assurance, assignment of wireless bandwidth, Automatic

Repeat request (ARQ) processing and ranging function. In addition, RAS controls the

connection for packet calls and handover.

RAS RAS RAS RAS

WSM

ACR

MS MS MS MS

e Router/Switch

PCRF

Core Router/Switch

CSN

Internet

…

DHCP

Mobile WiMAX RAS SPI-2213 System Description/Ed.02

Access Control Router (ACR)

ACR, which is the system between CSN and RAS, enables several RASs to interwork with

IP network, sends/receives traffic between external network and MS, and controls QoS.

The ACR interfaces with the Authentication, Authorization and Accounting (AAA) server

using the Diameter/RADIUS protocols, and with the Policy & Charging Rules Function

(PCRF) server using the Diameter protocol. In this way, the ACR provides interfaces for

the NEs of the CSN.

Mobile WiMAX System Manager (WSM)

WSM provides the management environment for the operator to operate and maintain ACR

and RAS.

Home Agent (HA)

HA accesses other networks or private networks and enables Mobile IP (MIP) users to

access internet. HA interworks with ACR that performs Foreign Agent (FA) function for

Mobile IPv4 and interworks with MS to exchange data for Mobile IPv6.

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) Server

The DHCP server allocates IP addresses to simple IP users. When an MS requests an IP

address allocation, the DHCP server allocates an IP address in interoperation with the ACR

that functions as the DHCP relay agent and sends it to the ACR.

Authorization, Authentication and Accounting (AAA) Server

AAA server interfaces with ACR and carries out subscriber authentication and accounting

functions. The AAA server interfaces with ACR via Diameter/RADIUS protocol and

provides Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) certification.

Policy & Charging Rules Function (PCRF) Server

The PCRF server is the server that manages the service policy and interfaces with ACR via

Diameter protocol. The PCRF server sends QoS setting information for each user session

and accounting rule information to ACR.

CHAPTER 1. Overview of Mobile WiMAX System

1-6 © SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd.

1.4 Mobile WiMAX System Functions

The figure below shows the functions of the ASN systems (ACR and RAS) based on

Profile C. Each block name complies with the standard of Mobile WiMAX NWG.

Figure 1.2 Configuration of Mobile WiMAX System Functions (Based on Profile C)

The ACR supports the Convergence Sublayer (CS) and performs the packet classification

and Packet Header Suppression (PHS) functions. When the ACR carries out the header

compression function, it supports Robust Header Compression (ROHC) defined in the

NWG standard.

In addition, the ACR performs the paging controller and location register functions for an

MS in Idle Mode.

In authentication, the ACR performs the authenticator function and carries out the key

distributor function to manage the higher security key by interworking with the AAA server

as an AAA client. At this time, RAS performs the key receiver function to receive the

security key from the key distributor and manage it.

The ACR interworks with the AAA server of CSN for authentication and charging services

and with the HA of CSN for Mobile IP (MIP) service. The ACR as FA of MIP supports

Proxy MIP (PMIP).

ASN

ASN-GW (ACR)

Location Register

Context Function

Handover Function

(Handover Relay)

Authenticator

Key Distributor

SFA

AAA Client

IP Packet Forwarding

Header Compression

Packet Classification

Paging Controller

MIP FA PMIP client

BS (RAS)

Context Function

Handover Function

(Handover Control)

Key Receiver

RRC & RRA

ARQ Operation

MAC PDU

Encapsulation/PHY

SFM

(Admission Control)

DHCP relay agent

Mobile WiMAX RAS SPI-2213 System Description/Ed.02

The RAS performs the Service Flow Management (SFM) function to create/change/release

connections for each Service Flow (SF) and the admission control function while

creating/changing connections. In regard to the SFM function of the RAS, the ACR carries

out the SF Authentication (SFA) and SFID management functions. The ACR carries out the

SFA function to obtain the QoS information from Policy Function (PF) and apply it in the

SF creation and performs the SFID management function to create/change/release SFID

and map SF according to the packet classification.

In handover, the RAS performs the handover control function to determine the execution of

the handover and deal with corresponding handover signaling. The ACR confirms the

neighbor RAS list and relays the handover signaling message to the target system.

At this time, the ACR and the RAS carries out the context function to exchange the context

information between the target system and the serving system.

The RAS provides Admission Control to collect/manage the MS’s radio resource

information and the RAS’s own radio resource information (e.g., BSID). When load

balancing is required based on Admission Control results, it performs resource

management through FA overriding and BS init HO (Handover).

ASN System Function

For the detailed description about the system functions, refer to the system

description for each system provided by Samsung.

CHAPTER 1. Overview of Mobile WiMAX System

1-8 © SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd.

This page is intentionally left blank.

Mobile WiMAX RAS SPI-2213 System Description

CHAPTER 2. Overview of SPI-2213

2.1 Introduction to SPI-2213

The SPI-2213, RAS of Mobile WiMAX, is controlled by ACR and connects Mobile

WiMAX calls to MS.

The SPI-2213 interfaces with MS via a wireless channel observing the Mobile WiMAX

standard (IEEE 802.16) and provides high-speed data service and multimedia service in

wireless broadband.

To this end, the SPI-2213 provides the following functions: modulation/demodulation of

packet traffic signal, scheduling and radio bandwidth allocation to manage air resources

efficiently and ensure Quality of Service (QoS), Automatic Repeat request (ARQ)

processing, ranging function, connection control function to transmit the information on the

SPI-2213 and set/hold/disconnect the packet call connection, handover control and ACR

interface function and system operation management function.

Physically, the SPI-2213 consists of a Digital Unit (DU) and a Mobile WiMAX base station

Remote Radio Head (RRH).

The RRH is located remotely from the DU. The DU is a digital unit of 19 in. shelf form

and can be installed in an indoor or outdoor 19 in. rack. It supports a capacity up to

2Carrier/3Sector. The DU is operated in omni or sector mode depending on the features of

the installation location.

An RRH is a standalone RF unit. It is installed on an outdoor wall or pole.

The SPI-2213 supports up to 2Carrier/3Sector. The RRH can be operated as follows

depending on the type.

y RRH-2 (RRH-2LB/RRH-2UB): 2Tx/2Rx RF path, MIMO mode

y RRH-2WB: 4Tx/4Rx RF path, 4T4R with CDD (Matrix A/B + CDD) mode

CHAPTER 2. Overview of SPI-2213

2-2 © SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd.

2.2 Characteristics of SPI-2213

The SPI-2331 supports 10 MHz bandwidth per carrier and has a large packet service in

high speed. Other features are as follows.

Application of the OFDMA Method

OFDMA is used to transmit data to several users simultaneously by using the sub-carrier

allocated to each user and transmit data by allocating one or more sub-carriers to a specific

subscriber according to the channel status and the transmission rate requested by a user.

In addition, since it can select the sub-carriers with excellent features for each subscriber

and allocate them to the subscribers when some subscribers divide and use the whole sub-

carrier, it can raise the data throughput by distributing the resources efficiently.

Separate DU and RRH Structure

As the SPI-2213 consists of a DU and an RRH, it is easy to set up a network and it is easy

to change the network configuration.

For connections between the DU and RRH, data traffic signals and OAM information are

sent/received through the ‘Digital I/Q and C & M’ interface based on the Common Public

Radio Interface (CPRI). Physically, optic cables are used.

Each of the DUs and RRHs receives -48 VDC of power for its operation.

y Versatile Network Operation

The RRH cannot operate on its own, but operates by being linked to the DU. The RRH

is highly flexible in its installation, and helps with setting up a network in a variety of

configurations depending on the location and operation method.

y Easy Installation

The optic interface component that interfaces with the DU and the RF signal

processing component is integrated into the RRH, which becomes a very small and

very light single unit. Therefore, the RRH can be installed on a wall or pole.

Moreover, as the distance between the RRH and antenna is minimized, the loss of RF

signals due to the antenna feeder line can be reduced so that more enhanced RF

receiving performance than the existing rack-type RAS can be provided.

y Natural Cooling

Because the RRH is installed outdoors and has an efficient design, it can radiate heat

efficiently without any additional cooling system. Therefore, no additional

maintenance cost is needed for cooling the RRH.

y Loopback Test

The SPI-2213 provides the loopback test function to check whether communication is

normal on the ‘Digital I/Q and C & M’ interface line between the DU and RRH.

y Remote Firmware Downloading

The operator can upgrade the RRH and its service by replacing its firmware.

Without visiting the field station, the operator can download firmware to the RRH

remotely using a simple command from the WSM.

In this way, operators can minimize the number of visits to the field station, reducing

maintenance costs and allowing the system to be operated with greater ease.

Mobile WiMAX RAS SPI-2213 System Description/Ed.02

y Monitoring Port

Operators can monitor the information for an RRH using its debug port.

Support of MIMO

The SPI-2213 supports MIMO through the 2Tx/2Rx RF path of the RRH-2 (RRH-

2LB/RRH-2UB). There are the following methods in MIMO.

y Downlink

− Space Time Coding (STC): method for raising reliability of link

− Spatial Multiplexing (SM): method for raising data transmission rate

y Uplink

Collaborative SM (CSM): method for doubling the frequency efficiency

Support of Cyclic Delay Diversity (CDD)

The CDD sends the data stream that is the same as a data stream repeatedly using

frequency diversity. Therefore, the air performance of the Mobile WiMAX system can be

improved using CDD.

Figure 1.3 FFT Spectrum Plot of CDD

Support of Frequency Reuse Pattern (FRP)

The SPI-2213 supports FRP N=1 that provides the service to 3-sector by using a carrier and

FRP N=3 that provides the service to 3-sector by using different carriers.

A service provider can efficiently operate its own frequency resources by using the FRP

function.

Providing or not the System Feature and Schedule to Provide the System

Feature

For the providing or not the system feature and schedule to provide the features

described in this system description, see separate document.

IFFT

Cyclic Prefix

Cyclic

Delay

Data A

Data A (Delayed)

CDD data

+ Freq.

Freq.

CHAPTER 2. Overview of SPI-2213

2-4 © SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd.

2.3 Main Functions

The main functions of the SPI-2213 are as follows:

y Physical layer processing function

y Call processing function

y IP processing functions

y Auxiliary device interface function

y Convenient operation and maintenance function

2.3.1 Physical Layer Processing Function

OFDMA Ranging

The ranging supported by the OFDMA system is roughly divided by the uplink timing

synchronization method and the contention based bandwidth request method.

y Uplink Timing Synchronization

In the uplink timing synchronization method, the SPI-2213 detects the timing error of

the uplink signal by using the ranging code transmitted from MS and transmits the

timing correction command to each MS to correct the transmission timing of the

uplink. The uplink timing synchronization method has initial ranging, periodic ranging,

handover ranging, etc.

y Contention Based Bandwidth Request

In the contention based bandwidth request method, the SPI-2213 receives the

bandwidth request ranging code from each MS and allocates uplink resources to the

corresponding MS to enable to transmit the bandwidth request header.

The contention based bandwidth request method has bandwidth request ranging or

something.

Channel Encoding/Decoding

The SPI-2213 carries out the Forward Error Correction (FEC) encoding for the downlink

packet created in the upper layer by using Convolutional Turbo Code (CTC).

On the contrary, it decodes the uplink packet received from the MS after demodulating.

Modulation/Demodulation

The SPI-2213 carries out the FEC encoding for the downlink packet created in the upper

layer and modulates the encoded packet into the QAM signal. In addition, the SPI-2213

demodulates and decodes the uplink packet received from MS.

Mobile WiMAX RAS SPI-2213 System Description/Ed.02

OFDMA Sub-carrier Allocation

The subchannelization is the process to tie the sub-carriers of OFDMA as a transmission

unit after grouping them by a certain rule. The SPI-2213 performs the subchannelization to

mitigate the interference between cells.

The SPI-2213 maps the column of the modulated downlink QAM symbol structure with

each sub-carrier and carries out the subchannelization when the column of the QAM

symbol structure is transmitted to the MS over the wireless line. In such way, the SPI-2213

transmits the column of the QAM symbol structure to the MS via the sub-carriers pertained

to each subchannel.

DL/UL MAP Construction

The SPI-2213 informs the air resources for the uplink and the downlink to the MS by using

DL/UL MAP. The DL/UL MAP consists of the scheduling information of the SPI-2213 and

includes various control information for the MS.

Power Control

The SPI-2213 carries out the power control function for the uplink signal received from

multiple MSs and then set the power intensity of the uplink signal to a specific level.

The SPI-2213 transmits the power correction command to each MS and then makes the MS

power intensity be the level required in the SPI-2213 when the MS transmits the modulated

uplink signal in a specific QAM modulation method.

Hybrid-ARQ (H-ARQ) Operation

H-ARQ is the physical layer retransmission method using the stop-and-wait protocol.

The SPI-2213 carries out the H-ARQ function and raises data throughput by re-transmitting

or combining the frame from the physical layer to minimize the effect attending to the

change of wireless channel environment or the change in the interference signal level.

MIMO

The SPI-2213 provides the MIMO function as follows according to Mobile WiMAX Wave

2 Profile:

y Downlink

− Matrix A (STC)

Transmission ratio of the Matrix A or STC is 1 and equal to that of Single Input

Single Output (SISO). However The Matrix A or the STC reduces the error of the

signal received from the MS by raising the stability of the signal received from the

MS by means of the Tx diversity. This technology is, also, effective in low Signal

to Noise Ratio (SNR) and provides excellent performance even when the MS

moves in high speed.

− Matrix B (SM, vertical encoding)

Matrix B or SM method raises the effectiveness of the frequency by raising the

transmission ratio in proportion to the number of antenna in comparison with SISO.

This technology is effective when the reception SNR is high.

CHAPTER 2. Overview of SPI-2213

2-6 © SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd.

y Uplink

− Collaborative SM

Collaborative SM is the technology that doubles the frequency efficiency in view

of the SPI-2213 as two MSs with each individual antenna send data simultaneously

by using the same channel.

The SPI-2213 provides the adaptive MIMO switching function which selects the SM or

STC method dynamically for the downlink MIMO function. The SPI-2213 performs

switching based on a value calculated by reflecting the Carrier to Interference and Noise

Ratio (CINR) and transmission success rate sent by an MS.

4T4R with CDD

The SPI-2213 provides the 4T4R with CDD for which the frequency diversity is applied to

downlink by adapting the RRH-2WB that provides the 4Tx/4Rx RF path. The 4T4R with

CDD is that the CDD function is added to the MIMO function, it is divided into the

following two modes according to the MIMO mode.

y Matrix A (STC) + CDD

y Matrix B (SM) + CDD

The SPI-2213 switches dynamically to the two 4T4R with CDD modes given above

depending to the CINR and transmission success rate reported by an MS. At this time, the

Collaborative SM (CSM) is applied to the uplink.

Figure 1.4 4T4R with CDD (Matrix A + CDD mode)

OFDM

Cyclic Prefix

Data A

Cyclic Prefix

Cyclic

Delay

Receiver

Data A’

Data A (Delayed)

Data A’ (Delayed)

RAS

Mobile WiMAX RAS SPI-2213 System Description/Ed.02

Figure 1.5 4T4R with CDD (Matrix B + CDD mode)

2.3.2 Call Processing Function

Cell Initialization Function

The SPI-2213 announces the MAC Management message such as DCD/UCD/MOB_NBR-

ADV to the cell area in service periodically to enable the MS receiving the message to

carry out the appropriate call processing function.

Call Control and Wireless Resource Allocation Function

The SPI-2213 enables an MS to enter to or exit from the network. When an MS enters to or

exit from the network, the SPI-2213 transmits/receives the signaling message required for

call processing via R1 interface with the MS or R6 interface with ACR.

The SPI-2213 allocates various management/transport Connection Identifier (CID)

required for the network entry and service to an MS. When the MS exit from the network,

the SPI-2213 collects and release the allocated CID.

Handover

The SPI-2213 carries out the signaling and bearer processing for inter-sector HO

(Handover), inter-ACR HO and inter-carrier HO. At this time, ACR relays the handover

message between serving RAS and target RAS through the R6 interface.

To minimize the traffic disconnection in inter-RAS HO, the SPI-2213 performs the data

switching function. In handover, the SPI-2213 enables the serving RAS to switch the user

data in queuing to the target RAS and, therefore, the MS to recover the traffic without loss.

Handover Procedure

For the detailed handover procedure, refer to Chapter 4 ‘Message Flow’.

OFDM

Cyclic Prefix

Data A

Cyclic Prefix

Cyclic

Delay

Receiver

Data B

Data A (Delayed)

Data B (Delayed)

CHAPTER 2. Overview of SPI-2213

2-8 © SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd.

Support of Sleep Mode

Sleep Mode is the mode defined to save the MS power under IEEE 802.16 standard and

indicates the status that air resources allocated to an MS are released when the MS does not

need traffic reception/transmission temporarily. If the MS in Sleep Mode needs the traffic

reception/transmission, the MS returns to the normal status immediately.

Both Idle Mode and Sleep Mode are modes to save the MS power. The Idle Mode release

all service flows allocated to an MS, while the Sleep Mode releases only the air resources

between the MS and RAS temporarily, continuously keeping the service flow information

allocated to the MS.

The SPI-2213 carries out the related call processing function by receiving/sending the

signaling message required for the status transition into Sleep Mode of MS and the return

from the Sleep Mode to Awake Mode of MS.

Admission Control (CAC) Function

If the SPI-2213 receives the call setup request, such as network entry, Quick Connection

Setup (QCS) and handover, from an MS, it monitors the traffic and signaling load for each

subcell and the number of user in Active/Sleep Mode and performs the AC function to

prevent the system overload.

AC can be roughly divided into AC by MS and AC by service flow.

y AC by MS

If the number of users who the subcell is in Active/Sleep Mode exceeds the threshold

when the SPI-2213 receives the call setup request from an MS, it rejects the call setup

request of the MS.

y AC by service flow

When service flow is added, the SPI-2213 checks if the air resources of the requested

subcell exceed the threshold and determines the creation of the service

MAC ARQ Function

The SPI-2213 carries out the ARQ function of the MAC layer. In packet data exchange, the

transmission side transmits ARQ block which SDU is divided into, and retransmits the

packet according to the ARQ feedback information received from the reception side to

raise the reliability of data communication.

The SPI-2213 carries out the following function for the service flows applying ARQ:

y MAC Management creation and transmission concerned with ARQ operation

y Feedback processing depending on ARQ types

y Block processing (fragmentation/reassemble/retransmission) depending on ARQ types

y ARQ timer/window management

Mobile WiMAX RAS SPI-2213 System Description/Ed.02

QoS Support Function

The packet traffic exchanged between ACR and SPI-2213 is delivered to the modem in the

SPI-2213. At this time, the SPI-2213 allocates the queue in the modem to each service flow

that QoS type is specified to observe the QoS constraint given for each QoS class or service

flow and performs the strict-priority scheduling according to the priority.

The modem that receives the packet traffic performs the scheduling by using the uplink/

downlink algorithm, such as Proportional Fair (PF) or Round Robin (RR) and transmits the

scheduled allocation information to an MS through DL/UL MAP. The MS receiving the

DL/UL MAP checks the air resources allocated to the MS and modulates/demodulates the

downlink packet or transmits the uplink packet from the allocated uplink area.

Since the SPI-2213 provides the QoS monitoring function, it can compile statistics on

packets unsatisfying the latency requested from the QoS parameter according to TDD

frames and report the statistics to an operator via the OAM interface.

CHAPTER 2. Overview of SPI-2213

2-10 © SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd.

2.3.3 IP Processing Functions

IP QoS Function

Since the SPI-2213 supports Differentiated Services (DiffServ), it can provide the backhaul

QoS in the communication with ACR.

It supports 8-class DiffServ and supports the mapping between the DiffServ service class

and the service class of the user traffic received from an MS. In addition, the SPI-2213

supports the mapping between Differentiated Services Code Point (DSCP) and 802.3

Ethernet MAC service class.

Simultaneous Support of IPv4/IPv6

ACR communicates with the SPI-2213 through the GRE tunnel and the backhaul IP

version between the SPI-2213 and ACR is managed independently from the service IP

version for the MS.

Even if, therefore, IPv4 is used in backhaul between the SPI-2213 and ACR, all of IPv4,

IPv6 and IPv4/IPv6 dual stack services can be supported for the MS.

Figure 2.1 IPv4/IPv6 Dual Stack Operation

IP Routing Function

Since the SPI-2213 provides several Ethernet interfaces, it stores the routing table with the

information on the Ethernet interface to route IP packets. The routing table of the SPI-2213

is configured depending on operator’s setting and the configuration and the setting of the

routing table are similar to the standard setting of the router.

The SPI-2213 supports the static routing configuration only and not the router function for

the traffic received from the outside. When the SPI-2213 connects an auxiliary device, it

supports the IP packet routing function for the auxiliary device by using Network Address

Translation (NAT).

IPv4

IPv6

Dual Stack MS

(IPv4/IPv6)

RAS

ACR

IPv6 Network

IPv4 Network

Access Network

Dual Stack Processing

Gateway

Core Network

Mobile WiMAX RAS SPI-2213 System Description/Ed.02

Ethernet/VLAN Interface Function

The SPI-2213 provides the Ethernet interface and supports the static link grouping function,

Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) function and Ethernet CoS function under IEEE

802.3ad for the Ethernet interface. At this time, the MAC bridge function defined in IEEE

802.1D is excluded.

The SPI-2213 enables several VLAN IDs to be set in one Ethernet interface and maps the

DSCP value of IP header with the CoS value of Ethernet header in Tx packet to support

Ethernet CoS.

2.3.4 Auxiliary Device Interface Function

The SPI-2213 provides the Ethernet interface to connect auxiliary devices and allocates IP

addresses by operating as a DHCP server for the auxiliary devices. In addition, the SPI-

2213 provides the traffic path to transmit/receive the maintenance traffic between an

auxiliary device and the remote auxiliary device monitoring server.

If the auxiliary device uses a private IP address, the SPI-2213 carries out the NAT function

to change the address into a public IP address (i.e., the IP address of the SPI-2213) for the

communication with an external monitoring server.

2.3.5 Maintenance Function

The SPI-2213 interworking with the management system carries out the following

maintenance functions: system initialization and restart, management for system

configuration, management for the operation parameters, failure and status management for

system resources and services, statistics management for system resources and various

performance data, diagnosis management for system resources and services and security

management for system access and operation.

Graphic and Text-based Console Interface

WSM manages the entire Mobile WiMAX system by using Database Management System

(DBMS) and SPI-2213 interworks with this WSM. In addition, ACR interworks with the

console terminal for directly accessing the NE as well as WSM by operator to perform the

operation and maintenance function.

For operator’s convenience and working purpose, the operator can select graphic-based

console interface (Web-based Element Maintenance Terminal, Web-EMT) or text-based

console interface (Integrated Management Interface Shell, IMISH).

The operator can access the console interface with no separate software and log in to Web-

EMT through Internet Explore and IMISH through Secure Shell (SSH) on the command

window.

The operator can carry out the retrieval and setup of the configuration and the operation

information and monitoring about faults, status and statistics via console terminal.

However, the operator can carry out grow/degrow of resources and setting of the neighbor

list and paging group which have correlation between several NEs only via the WSM.

CHAPTER 2. Overview of SPI-2213

2-12 © SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd.

Operator Authentication Function

The SPI-2213 provides the authentication and the permission management functions for the

operator who manages the Mobile WiMAX system. The operator accesses the SPI-2213 by

using the operator’s ID and password via Web-EMT or IMISH and the SPI-2213 assigns

the operation right in accordance with the operator’s level.

The SPI-2213 carries out the logging function for successful access, access failure and

Maintenance Function with Enhanced Security Function

For the security, the SPI-2213 supports Simple Network Management Protocol version 2c

(SNMPv2c) Simple Network Management Protocol version 3 (SNMPv3) and File Transfer

Protocol (FTP) in the communication with WSM and Hyper Text Transfer Protocol over

SSL (HTTPs) and Secure Shell (SSH) in the communication with console terminals.

On-line Software Upgrade

When a software package is upgraded, the SPI-2213 can upgrade the package while running

old version of software package. The package upgrade is progressed in the following

procedure: ‘Add New Package Æ Change to New package Æ Delete Old Package’.

In package upgrade, the service is stopped temporarily because the old process is

terminated and the new process is started in the ‘Change to New package’ stage.

However, since OS is not restarted, the service will be provided again within a few minutes.

After upgrading software, the SPI-2213 updates the package stored in a non-volatile storage.

In addition, the SPI-2213 can re-perform the ‘Change to New package’ stage to roll back

into the previous package before upgrade.

Call Trace Function

The SPI-2213 supports the call trace function for a specific MS. The SPI-2213 can carry

out the call trace function up to 10 MSs. If a call occurs in the MS that an operator

previously specified via ACR, the signaling message and statistical traffic data are

transmitted to WSM. Besides, the SPI-2213, also, sends the RF environment information,

such as Carrier-to-Interference-and-Noise-Ratio (CINR) for MS, Modulation and Coding

Schemes (MCS) level and Burst Error Rate (BER).

Detailed Information for Each Session and Service Flow (PSMR/PSFMR)

The Mobile WiMAX system of Samsung collects and stores detailed information of all

sessions (Per Session Measurement Record, PSMR) and detailed information of all service

flows (Per Service Flow Measurement Record, PSFMR) to provide it to an external log

server. When a session or service flow is created, the Mobile WiMAX system starts to

collect relevant information, and when the session or service flow terminates, the system

creates and stores a message in a file so that the external log server can collect the message.

Mobile WiMAX RAS SPI-2213 System Description/Ed.02

The information collected by the ACR includes session termination time, initial and final

handover information (handover types, cell information), and the MAC address and IP

address allocated to the MS. The SPI-2213 collects such information as MS MAC

addresses, continued session time, continued service flow time, turnaround time for

network entry, CID, SFID, initial and final wireless quality information (RSSI, CINR, Tx

power), and throughput information.

The ACR deliver the information collected by ACR to the SPI-2213, and the SPI-2213

creates and stores a file for each period.

Threshold Cross Alert (TCA) Control

The SPI-2213 defines under/over threshold for statistics. When a statistical value collected

at Bucket Interval (15, 30, and 60 minutes) is lower than the under threshold, it generates

an under TCA alarm. When the value is higher than the over threshold, it generates an over

TCA alarm. The alarms are reported to the WSM. TCA can enable or disable details of each

statistical group and set a threshold per severity.

IEEE 802.3ah

The SPI-2213 provides IEEE 802.3ah Ethernet OAM for a backhaul interface. Although

IEEE 802.3ah OAM pertains the PHY layer, it is located in the MAC layer so that it can be

applied to all IEEE 802.3 PHYs. It creates or processes 802.3ah OAM frames according to

the functions defined in the specification.

Ethernet OAM continuously monitors the connection between links at each end, and also

monitors discovery, remote loopback, and error packets which deliver important link events

such as Dying Gasp. It also includes a link monitoring function which delivers event

notification in the event of threshold errors, and a variable retrieval function for 802.3ah

standard MIB.

The SPI-2213 supports 802.3ah Ethernet OAM passive mode such as responding to

802.3ah OAM which is triggered in external active mode entities and loopback mode

operation, and sending event notification.

Integrity Check

The SPI-2213 proactively checks whether system configuration or operation information

(PLD) is in compliance with operator commands during system loading or operation, and

also checks whether system settings are OK and there is no problem with call processing. If

the result is not OK, it sends an alarm to the operator. That is, it checks whether system

configuration meets the minimum configuration conditions for call processing or whether

all operation information consists of valid values within an appropriate range. The result is

reported to the operator to help with correction of errors.

CHAPTER 2. Overview of SPI-2213

2-14 © SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd.

OAM Traffic Throttling

The SPI-2213 provides a function that suppresses OAM related traffic which can occur in

the system depending on the operator command. The OAM related traffic includes fault

trap messages for alarm reports and statistics files that are created periodically.

In a fault trap, the operator can use an alarm inhibition command to suppress alarm

generation for all or some of system fault traps. This helps control alarm traffic.

In a statistics file, the operator can use commands for statistics collection configuration to

control the size of statistics file by disabling collection functions of each statistics group.

Throughput Test

The SPI-2213 provides a throughput test for the backhaul to the ACR. The SPI-2213

supports a server and client function for throughput tests.

The operator can set up target IP addresses, test duration, and bandwidths for throughput

tests, and check throughput and loss as test results. However, as the throughput test affects

system performance and call services, it is recommended not to perform the test during in-

service.

System Log Control

The SPI-2213 provides a log and log control function per application.

An application log can be created by an operator command or its debug level can be set.

The operator can usually keep the log function disabled, and when the log function is

necessary, he can change the debug level (Very Calm, Calm, Normal, Detail, Very Detail)

to enable logging and log save functions.

However, enabling log functions for many applications while the SPI-2213 is running may

affect the system performance.

Disabling Zero Code Suppression (ZCS)

The SPI-2213 collects statistics data and generates statistics files periodically.

The WSM collects these statistics files. A statistics file is composed of the header used to

indicate a statistics group and its detailed index (for example, a specific carrier, sector, CPU,

port, etc.) and the statistics data for that index.

In a statistics period, the statistics data for a specific index can become zero in a statistics

file in the following cases:

y When the index does not actually exist in the configuration.

y When the index exists in the configuration but its statistics data collected during that

period is zero.

Therefore, the Disabling ZCS function, which sets the zero data flag in the sub index

header, is provided to recognize the two cases separately.

Mobile WiMAX RAS SPI-2213 System Description/Ed.02

Configuration Management for Various Types of RRHs

The SPI-2213 provides the configuration management function for various types of RRHs.

The SPI-2213 recognizes an RRH (RRH-2UB/RRH-2LB/RRH-2WB) that meets the multi-

antenna configuration (2T2R MIMO, 4T4R with CDD) and the carrier frequency

information that the operator selected when growing the RAS, and provides an alert if a

wrong RRH is connected.

CHAPTER 2. Overview of SPI-2213

2-16 © SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd.

2.4 Specifications

Capacity

The capacity of the SPI-2213 is as follows:

Category System Capacity

Channel Bandwidth 10 MHz

RF Band - RRH-2LB: 2,496~2,596 MHz (100 MHz, LBS)

- RRH-2UB: 2,590~2,690 MHz (100 MHz, UBS)

- RRH-2WB: 2,496~2,690 MHz (196MHz)

Maximum Number of Carriers/Sectors 2Carrier/3Sector

Interface between ACR and SPI-2213 Select one of Fast Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet

FFT size/Carrier/Sector 1,024

Channel Card Capacity 1Carrier/1Sector

Output Antenna Port-based

- 4 W/Carrier/Path @ 10 MHz, MIMO (RRH-2LB/RRH-

2UB)

- 5 W/Carrier/Path @ 10MHz, 4T4R with CDD (RRH-

2WB)

Input Power

The table below lists the power standard for the SPI-2213.

Category Standard

System Input Voltage a) -48 VDC (Voltage Variation Range: -40~-56 VDC)

a) Each of the DU and RRH receives -48 VDC of power for its operation.

Unit Size and Weight

The table below lists the size and weight of the SPI-2213.

Category Standard

DU 432 (W) × 396 (D) × 200 (H)

RRH-2LB/RRH-2UB 295 (W) × 135 (D) × 410 (H)

Size (mm)

RRH-2WB 354 (W) × 112 (D) × 504 (H)

DU 20 or less

RRH-2LB/RRH-2UB 15 or less

Weight (kg)

RRH-2WB 20 or less

Mobile WiMAX RAS SPI-2213 System Description/Ed.02

Environmental Condition

The table below lists the environmental conditions and related standards such as

operational temperature and humidity.

y DU

Category Range

Temperature Conditiona) 0~50°C (32~122°F)

Humidity Conditiona) 10~90% but not to exceed 0.024 kg water/kg of dry air

Altitude 0~1,800 m (0~6,000 ft)

Vibration GR-63-CORE Sec.4.4

Earthquake

Office Vibration

Transportation Vibration

Sound Pressure Level Less than 65 dBA measured at points 1.5 m (59.1 in) above the

floor and 0.6 m (23.6 in) all around.

EMI FCC Title47 Part 15 Class A

GR-1089-CORE Sec. 3.2 Emission Criteria

a) The standards of temperature/humidity conditions are based on the value on the position where is 400 mm

(15.8 in.) away from the front of the DU and in the height of 1.5 m (59 in.) on the bottom.

y RRH

Category Range

Temperature Conditiona) -40~50°C (-40~122°F)

Humidity Condition a) 10~95% but not to exceed 0.024 kg water/kg of dry air

Altitude 0~1,800 m (0~6,000 ft)

Vibration GR-63-CORE Sec.4.4

Earthquake

Office Vibration

Transportation Vibration

Sound Pressure Level Less than 65 dBA measured at 1.5 m (5 ft) from the RRH in all

horizontal directions at a height of 1 m (3 ft)

EMI FCC Title47 Part 15 Class B

GR-1089-CORE Sec. 3.2 Emission Criteria

US Federal Regulation FCC Title47 Part27

a) The standards of temperature/humidity conditions are based on the value on the position where is 400 mm

(15.8 in.) away from the front of the RU and in the height of 1.5 m (59 in.) on the bottom.

CHAPTER 2. Overview of SPI-2213

2-18 © SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd.

Environmental Alarm

The table below lists the environmental alarm provided in the SPI-2213 in default.

Category Description

Temperature Alarm High Temperature

Fan Fail System Fan Fail

GPSR Specification

The table below lists the GPS Receiver (GPSR) characteristics of SPI-2213.

Category Description

Received Signal from GPS GPS L1 Signal

Accuracy/Stability 0.02 ppm

RF Specification

The table below lists the RF characteristics of the SPI-2213.

Category Description

Tx Output Power RRH-2LB/RRH-2UB: 8 W @avg power per carrier/sector

RRH-2WB: 20W @avg power per carrier/sector

Tx Constellation error In accordance with the 802.16e standard

RX Sensitivity In accordance with the 802.16e standard

Mobile WiMAX RAS SPI-2213 System Description/Ed.02

2.5 System Configuration

Physically, the SPI-2213 consists of a DU and RRHs.

The boards that make up the DU are mounted on the SMFS-F, which is a 19 in. indoor shelf.

The SMFS-F can be mounted on a 19 in. indoor or outdoor commercial rack.

y Samsung Mobile WiMAX Flexible Shelf assembly-Front mount (SMFS-F)

− Shelf for DU of SPI-2213

− Mounting is supported when mounted on a 19 in. rack.

DPM-FI DC Power Module-Flexible Indoor

DMB Digital Main Block

FAN-FD48 FAN Module-Flexible Digital unit -48 VDC

Figure 2.2 DU Configuration (SMFS-F)

FAN-FD48 DMB DPM-FI

SMFS-F

CHAPTER 2. Overview of SPI-2213

2-20 © SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd.

The RRH is a single unit that can be installed on a wall or pole without an additional shelf

or rack.

Figure 2.3 RRH Configuration

Mobile WiMAX RAS SPI-2213 System Description/Ed.02

Figure 2.4 RRH-2WB Configuration

CHAPTER 2. Overview of SPI-2213

2-22 © SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd.

2.6 Interface between Systems

2.6.1 Interface Structure

The SPI-2213 interfaces with another RAS and ACR as shown in the figure below:

Figure 2.5 Structure of SPI-2213 Interface

Interface between SPI-2213 and MS

The SPI-2213 interfaces with an MS according to the IEEE 802.16 radio access standard to

exchange the control signal and the subscriber traffic.

Interface between SPI-2213 and ACR

The interface between an ACR and the SPI-2213 in the same ASN is R6 and its physical

access method is GE/FE. The R6 is the interface between ACR and RAS defined in Mobile

WiMAX NWG and is composed of signaling plane (IP/UDP/R6) and bearer plane

(IP/GRE).

Interface between SPI-2213 and WSM

The interface between the SPI-2213 and the WSM complies with SNMPv2c or

SNMPv2c/SNMPv3c of IETF standard, FTP/SFTP and proprietary standard of Samsung

and its physical access method is GE/FE.

CSN

AAA

ACR

R3 (Diameter/RADIUS, MIP, DHCP)

R1(802.16)

SNMP,

SFTP

PCRF

WSM

SPI-2213 RAS

RAS

ASN

DHCP

Mobile WiMAX RAS SPI-2213 System Description/Ed.02

2.6.2 Protocol Stack

Protocol Stack between NEs

The figure below shows the protocol stack between NEs.

Figure 2.6 Protocol Stack between NEs

The SPI-2213 interworks with MSs via R1 interface according to IEEE 802.16 standard

and the interface between the SPI-2213 and ACR is R6 interface.

The R6 signaling interface is executed on UDP/IP and the R6 traffic interface uses the GRE

tunnel.

Protocol Stack for Operation and Maintenance

Figure 2.7 Protocol Stack between SPI-2213 and WSM

The ACR interworks with WSM in IP/UDP-based SNMP method to carry out the operation

and maintenance functions. In particular, the SPI-2213 interworks with WSM in IP/TCP-

based FTP/SFTP (FTP over SSH) method to collect the statistical data periodically,

initialize & restart the system and download software.

WSM

RAS

pplication

FTP

TCP

SSH

FTP

TCP

SSH

pplication

SNMP

UDP UDP

SNMP

PHY

802.16

MAC

802.16

PHY

802.16

MAC

GRE

(R6)

UDP

MS RAS ACR

GRE

(R6)

UDP

802.16

PHY

CHAPTER 2. Overview of SPI-2213

2-24 © SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd.

2.6.3 Physical Interface Operation Method

The SPI-2213 provides Ethernet interface as an ASN interface and can select the type of

interfaces depending on the network configuration. At this time, more than one type of

interfaces cannot be operated simultaneously. The number of interfaces can be optionally

managed depending on the capacity and the required bandwidth of the SPI-2213.

The types of interfaces are as follows:

Interface Type Number of Ports per

Board

Number of Ports per

System

100/1000Base-T (RJ-45) 4 4

2 2

Ethernet

1000BaseX (SFP)

100/1000Base-T (RJ-45)

(Simultaneous operation)

2 2

Ethernet interface operate several links as 802.3ad (static)-based static link aggregation.

The operation and maintenance interface (interface with WSM) is operated in in-band

method, which shares the common user traffic interface.

Mobile WiMAX RAS SPI-2213 System Description

CHAPTER 3. SPI-2213 Architecture

3.1 System Configuration

3.1.1 DU and RRH

The SPI-2213 has a separate structure consisting of a DU and RRHs.

Because up to three RRHs can be connected to a DU, the maximum 2Carrier/3Sector

service is possible.

The DU is composed of a Digital Main Block (DMB), DPM-FI, and FAN-FD48.

y DMB

The DMB operates and maintains the SPI-2213, enables the SPI-2213 to interface with

ACR and provides the communication path between processors in the system.

The DMB creates the reference clock, provides the clock to the lower hardware block

and performs the signal processing function for the subscriber signal.

The DMB also interfaces with the RRH to send and receive data traffic, and receives

and controls alarms for the lower hardware blocks or modules, including the RRH.

y DPM-FI

The DPM-FI receives DC power through a separate rectifier and distributes it to every

board and module on the DU shelf. The operator can control DC power supply by

turning the circuit breaker at the front of the DPM-FI on/off.

y FAN-FD48

The FAN-FD48 is composed of a set of four fans and maintains the inside temperature

of the DU within an appropriate range so that the SPI-2213 can operate normally.

The FAN-FD48 detects the inside temperature of the DU using a built-in temperature

sensor and sets the speed of the fan in accordance with the detected temperature.

CHAPTER 3. SPI-2213 Architecture

3-2 © SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd.

RRH

The RRH is a unified RF module interfacing remotely with the DU through an optical

cable. It is located at the front end of the antenna.

On a downlink, it converts the data traffic in the form of ‘Digital I/Q and C & M’ received

from the MRA-F of the DU into RF signals, which have up to 8W/carrier/sector output,

and then sends them through an external antenna.

Conversely, on an uplink, the RRH converts the RF signals received through the antenna

into ‘Digital I/Q and C & M’ data traffic, and then sends them to the MRA-F of the DU.

The RRH also receives clock information from the DU through the ‘Digital I/Q and C &

M’ interface, and sends/receives alarm/control messages.

Mobile WiMAX RAS SPI-2213 System Description/Ed.02

3.1.2 Internal Configuration of the System

Below are the internal configuration diagrams of the SPI-2213 (2Carrier/3Sector).

Below are the internal configuration diagrams for the SPI-2213 according to the supported

configurations and RRH types.

RRH Types

Refer to 3.2.2 for details on the RRH types.

2Carrier/3Sector MIMO

Figure 3.1 Internal Configuration of the System (MIMO)

αβγ

2**

(0)

RET

2**

(1)

RET

2**

(2)

RET

DPM-FI

(0)

Ethernet

UDE

Rectifier (RS-485)

UDA

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

MMA-G

MEI-B

FE/GE

I/O panel

ACR

Rectifier*

Data Traffic + Alarm/Control + Clock (Ethernet)

Alarm/Control Power

Digital I/Q and C & M (Optic) Clock

Optional Item Backhaul

Index

* Rectifier is not provided by Samsung.

* RRH-2 means RRH-2LB/RRH-2UB.

GPS

CHAPTER 3. SPI-2213 Architecture

3-4 © SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd.

2Carrier/3Sector 4T4R with CDD

Figure 3.2 Internal Configuration of the System (4T4R with CDD)

Rectifier

The vendor must install the rectifier separately. Samsung can provide a

commercial rectifier at the vendor's request.

For the RS-485 interface service between the SPI-2213 and rectifier, the rectifier

must meet the interface protocol specified by Samsung. For other operations, the

SPI-2213 can communicate with the rectifier using User Defined Alarms (UDA).

DPM-FI

(0)

Ethernet

UDE

Rectifier (RS-485)

UDA

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

MMA-G

MEI-B

FE/GE

I/O panel

ACR

Rectifier*

Data Traffic + Alarm/Control + Clock (Ethernet)

Alarm / Control Power

Digital I/Q and C&M (Optic) Clock

Optional Item Backhaul

Index

* Rectifier is not provided by Samsung.

GPS

2WB

(0)

RET

2WB

(1)

RET

2WB

(2)

RET

αγ

Mobile WiMAX RAS SPI-2213 System Description/Ed.02

3.2 Detailed Structure

3.2.1 Digital Main Block (DMB)

The DMB supports the operation and maintenance of the SPI-2213, interfacing between the

SPI-2213 and ACR, and interfacing between the DU and RRH. It also collects and controls

alarms for the lower boards and modules, including the inter-processor communication

paths and RRH in the system. The DMB also generates and supplies clocks to the lower

hardware blocks, including the RRH, and processes channels for subscriber signals.

When the SPI-2213 sends signals to an MS, the DMB performs the OFDMA signal

processing on the traffic signals received from the ACR, converts them into optical signals

using the ‘Digital I/Q and C & M’ converter, and then sends them to the remote RRH.

Conversely, when the SPI-2213 receives signals from an MS, the DMB receives ‘Digital

I/Q and C & M’ signals from the remote RRH, performs the OFDMA signal processing on

them, and then sends them to the ACR.

Main Functions

y Creation and distribution of the reference clock

y Fast Ethernet/Gigabit Ethernet interface with ACR

y Fault diagnosis and alarm collection and control

y Alarm report

y Channel resource management

y OFDMA signal processing

y Automatic Gain Control (AGC) for the received RF signal and Received Signal

Strength Indicator (RSSI) support

y Supporting optical interfacing with the RRH and loopback test

CHAPTER 3. SPI-2213 Architecture

3-6 © SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd.

The DMB is configured as shown in the figure below:

Figure 3.3 DMB Configuration

Board

Name

Quantity

(Sheet) Function

MBB-F 1 Mobile WiMAX base station Backplane Board-Flexible

- DMB backboard

- Signal routing function for traffic, control signal, clock, power, etc.

MMA-G 1 Mobile WiMAX base station Main control board Assembly-General

- Main system processor

- Call processing, resource allocation and OAM

- Reception of the GPS signal and creation and supply of the clock

- Alarm collection and report to the upper

- Supports FE/GE interface with ACR

- Non-volatile memory support

MRA-F Max. 6 Mobile WiMAX base station RAS board Assembly-Flexible

- Subscriber data traffic processing

- OFDMA Processing

- 1Carrier/1Sector MIMO or 4T4R with CDD

- ‘Digital I/Q and C & M’ data formatting

- Supporting optical interfacing with the RRH (E/O, O/E conversion)

- Supporting loopback tests between the DU and the RRH

MEI-B 1 Mobile WiMAX base station External Interface board assembly-Basic

- Provides User Defined Alarm (UDA)

- Alarm monitoring including fan alarm/high temperature

DMB

MRA-F(5)

MRA-F(4)

MRA-F(3)

MRA-F(2)

MRA-F(1)

MRA-F(0)

MMA-G

MEI-B

DMB

Mobile WiMAX RAS SPI-2213 System Description/Ed.02

Mobile WiMAX base station Main control board Assembly-General (MMA-G)

The MMA-G provides a main processor function of the SPI-2213, GPS signal receiving

and clock distribution, and network interface functions.

y Main Processor Function

The MMA-G is the board that carries out the role as the highest layer in the SPI-2213

and is equipped with the main processor. The main processor of the MMA-G performs

the functions, such as communication path setting between MS and ACR, Ethernet

switch function in the SPI-2213, system operation and maintenance and TDD signal

control.

The MMA-G manages the status of all hardware and software in the SPI-2213 and

reports each status information to WSM via ACR. In addition, the MMA-G allocates

and manages the resources of the SPI-2213 and the connection of the MMA-G and a

PC for the Web-EMT enables to maintain the SPI-2213 with no interworking with

ACR.

y GPS Signal Reception and Clock Distribution Function

The MMA-G is equipped with Universal Core Clock Module (UCCM) for GPS signal

reception.

The UCCM enables each block of the SPI-2213 to be operated in the synchronized

clock system. The UCCM mounted on the MMA-G creates the system clocks [56

MHz, 12.5 Hz (80 msec), PP2S, analog 10 MHz, 61.44 MHz] by using the reference

signal received from a GPS and distributes them to the hardware blocks in the system.

These clocks are used to maintain the internal synchronization of the SPI-2213 and

operate the system.

If no GPS signal is received due to a fault when system operation, the UCCM carries

out the holdover function to provide the normal clock for a certain time as provided in

the existing system.

y Network Interface Function

The MMA-G interfaces with an ACR in Gigabit Ethernet or Fast Ethernet method.

The MMA-G can provide maximum two Gigabit Ethernet ports or four Fast Ethernet

ports per board, and support the link aggregation redundancy method.

The MMA-G can be divided as follows depending on the interface types provided by

MMA-G, and service provider can choose the interface type.

− MMA-GC: Four 100/1000Base-T Copper ports

− MMA-GM: Two 100/1000Base-T ports and two 1000Base-X Small Form factor

Pluggable (SFP) ports

CHAPTER 3. SPI-2213 Architecture

3-8 © SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd.

Mobile WiMAX base station RAS board Assembly-Flexible (MRA-F)

The MRA-F provides a modem function of the SPI-2213 and interfacing with the RRH.

y Modem Function

The MRA-F is equipped with the modem supporting IEEE 802.16 Mobile WiMAX

standard physical layer (PHY) and the modem performs the OFDMA signal processing

function by the control of the MMA-G.

The MRA-F modulates the packet data received through the MMA-G, converts the

modulated signal into the ‘Digital I/Q and C & M’ format and transmits to the RRH.

In the contrary, the MRA-F demodulated the data received from the RRH after

performing the AGC function, converts the data into the format defined in the IEEE

802.16 Mobile WiMAX physical layer standard and then transmits the converted data

to the MMA-G via Ethernet.

By default, the MRA-F supports MIMO or 4T4R with CDD mode depending on the

RRH type connected.

− RRH-2LB/RRH-2UB : 2x2 MIMO

− RRH:-2WB : 4T4R with CDD (Matrix A/B + CDD mode)

y Optical interfacing with the RRH and Loopback Test

As the MRA-F contains a built-in Electrical to Optic (E/O) conversion device and an

Optic to Electrical (O/E) conversion device, it can send and receive ‘Digital I/Q and C

& M’ signals of the optical signals between distant RRHs.

The MRA-F can also run loopback tests to check whether the interface between the

MRA-F and RRHs is in good condition for proper communication.

The operator can run the loopback test if necessary using the WSM command.

Mobile WiMAX base station External Interface board assembly-Basic (MEI-B)

The MEI-B provides paths for alarm information that is generated from external devices

(additional equipment provided by the operator).

The MEI-B also collects alarms for the fan mounted on the DU to report to the MMA-G.

Mobile WiMAX RAS SPI-2213 System Description/Ed.02

3.2.2 RRH

The RRH is a remote RF device that supports Mobile WiMAX services.

It is installed at a remote location from the DU. It performs the function that connects

mobile WiMAX calls to an MS, as defined in the 802.16d/e standard.

Main Functions

Below are the major functions of the RRH.

y High-power amplification of RF transmission signal

y Interfaces optically with the MRA-F of the DU using ‘Digital I/Q and C & M’ and

carries out interfacing for traffic, alarms, control signals, and clock information.

y Upconversion/downconversion of frequency

y Gain control of RF Rx/Tx signal

y Rx/Tx RF signal from/to an antenna

y Suppression of out-of-band spurious wave emitted from RF Rx/Tx signal

y Low noise amplification of band-pass filtered RF Rx signal (Low Noise Amplifier,

LNA)

y TDD switching function for Tx/Rx path

y Includes the filter part connected to the antenna

y Remote Electrical Tilting (RET) function(option)

RET

The RET is an optional function that the vendor can select. Refer to 5.1.

RRH Description

The RRH is a RF module of the SPI-2213, and supports sending/receiving RF paths.

RRH of this system is as follows:

Category EA Capacity RF Path Antenna Output

RRH-

2LB/

RRH-2UB

Max. 3 2Carrier/1Sector

(Contiguous 2Carriers)

MIMO (2Tx/2Rx) Outputs 4W/Sector/Carrier at 2

antenna ports each

RRH-

2WB

Max. 3 2Carrier/1Sector

(Contiguous 2 Carrier)

4T4R with CDD

(4Tx/4Rx)

Outputs 5 W/Sector/Carrier at

4 antenna ports each

CHAPTER 3. SPI-2213 Architecture

3-10 © SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd.

The RRH is an RRH that integrates the RAS transceiver, power amplifier, TDD switch, and

filters in a single module.

In the case of downlink signals, the RRH converts baseband signals received through the

‘Digital I/Q and C & M’ interface from the MRA-F into Optic to Electrical (O/E).

The converted signals undergo Digital to Analog Conversion (DAC) to be converted to

analog RF signals, and then are amplified through the current amplification process.

Amplified signals are sent to the antenna via the filter part.

In the case of uplink signals, the frequency of the signals received through the RRH filter

part is lowered by Low Noise Amplifier (LNA). The Analog to Digital Conversion (ADC)

process converts these signals to baseband signals. The baseband signals are in the ‘Digital

I/Q and C & M’ format, and undergo E/O conversion to be sent to the MRA-F.

Network Configuration Using the RRH

The RRH cannot operate on its own, but operates by being linked to the DU. The RRH is

highly flexible in its installation, and helps with setting up a network in a variety of

configurations depending on the location and operation method as shown below.

Figure 3.4 Sector Configuration Example Using RRH-2

Conditions for Sector Configuration Using RRH-2

2carrier supported by the RRH-2 must be a contiguous type.

α Sector

β Sector

γ Sector

2 Carrier/3 Sector

RRH-2 for 2Tx/2Rx or 4Tx/4Rx

Mobile WiMAX RAS SPI-2213 System Description/Ed.02

Figure 3.5 Omni Configuration Example Using RRH-2

Conditions for Omni Configuration Using RRH-2

- Multiple cells connected to a single DU must belong to a single paging group.

- Omni cells must be independent, and not be adjacent to each other.

- 2carrier supported by the RRH-2must be a contiguous type.

2Carrier/Omni

2 Carrier/3 Sector

2Carrier/Omni

RRH-2 for 2Tx/2Rx or 4Tx/4Rx

CHAPTER 3. SPI-2213 Architecture

3-12 © SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd.

3.2.3 DPM-FI

The DPM-FI is mounted to the right of the SPI-2213 DMB.

Figure 3.6 DPM-FI Configuration

Board Name Quantity Function

DPM-FI 1 DC Power Module-Flexible Indoor

Receives DC power through a rectifier and distributes it to every

block in the DMB

Every board of the DMB and the fan (FAN-FD48) of the DU in the SPI-2213 receive

power through the MBB-F.

Each board of DMB receives -48 VDC and converts it to the required voltage.

DPM-FI

Mobile WiMAX RAS SPI-2213 System Description/Ed.02

The following power diagram shows DU input power that is supplied to DPM-FI and

connection points to each board.

Figure 3.7 Power Structure of SPI-2213

RRH Power Supply

If the RRH is distant from the DU, it is supplied with separate power (e.g.,

rectifier) of -48 VDC (-40~-56 VDC).

Rectifier

-48 VDC (-40~-56 VDC)

DPM-FI

Filter

Circuit Breaker

MBB-F

CHAPTER 3. SPI-2213 Architecture

3-14 © SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd.

3.2.4 Cooling Structure

The DU of the SPI-2213 maintains the inside temperature of the shelf at an appropriate

range using a set of system cooling fans (FAN-FD48), so that the system can operate

normally when the outside temperature of the DU shelf changes.

Figure 3.8 Fan Configuration

Board Name Quantity Function

FAN-FD48 1 FAN Module-Flexible Digital unit -48 VDC

DU cooling fan

The cooling structure of the DU in the SPI-2213 is as follows.

Figure 3.9 Cooling Structure of the DU

The FAN-FD48 has a built-in temperature sensor.

RRH

The RRH of the SPI-2213 is designed with a natural cooling system that supports an outdoor

environment with no additional fan or heater.

FAN-FD48

Mobile WiMAX RAS SPI-2213 System Description/Ed.02

3.2.5 Interface Structure

The layout of SPI-2213 interfaces is as shown in the figure below:

MIMO Support

Figure 3.10 Interfaces of SPI-2213 (MIMO)

The SPI-2213 supports MIMO and provides the administrator with the following external

interface.

y External Interface of DU

Category Interface Type Port No. Connector Type

2 1000 Base-X: SFP (LC) Simultaneous operation of

1000Base-X and 100/1000Base-TX 2 100/1000 Base-Tx: RJ-45

Backhaul

100/1000 Base-TX 4 RJ-45

GPS Antenna Analog RF 1 SMA

Rectifier Interface RS-485 or others 1 RJ-45

RRH interface Digital I/Q and C & M Max. 6 SFP (Single mode)

y External Interface of RRH-2

MMA-G

MEI-B

Main Processing

Clock Processing

Power Filter

Distribution

DPM-FI

MRA-F

Digital I/Q

and C & M path

Baseband

Processing

External Alarm

Control

FE to UDE

RS-485 or others from/to Rectifier

FAN Alarm from FAN-FD 48

Open/Short for UDA

High Temp. Alarm form Temp. Sensor

-48 VDC

FE to Console

RS-232 for Debug port

From GPS Ant

Analog 10 MHz Output

RS-232 for Debug

Digital I/Q and C & M(Optic)

From/to RRH

RRH-2LB/RRH-2UB

E/O, O/E conversion

RET control

Digital I/Q and C & M(Optic)

from/to MRA-F

TDD Clock Output

AISG to RET motor @Antenna

Digital I/Q and

C & M path

E/O, O/E conversion

2Tx ports to Antenna

2Rx ports from Antenna

RF output monitoring

RS-232 for Debug

TDD Signal Output

-48 VDC input

DC Power to RET

RF Processing

Power Module

CHAPTER 3. SPI-2213 Architecture

3-16 © SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd.

Category Interface Type Port No. Connector Type

TX coupling port Analog RF 2 SMA

Antenna Interface Analog RF (Main Traffic) 2 N-type

DU interface Digital I/Q and C & M 1 Optic (LC)

Power DC power (-48 VDC) 1 Circular Connector

4T4R with CDD Support

Figure 3.11 Interfaces of SPI-2213 (4T4R with CDD)

MMA-G

MEI-B

Main Processing

Clock Processing

Power Filter

Distribution

DPM-FI

MRA-F

Digital I/Q

and C & M path

Baseband

Processing

External Alarm

Control

FE to UDE

RS-485 or others from/to Rectifier

FAN Alarm from FAN-FD 48

Open/Short for UDA

High Temp. Alarm form Temp. Sensor

-48 VDC

FE to Console

RS-232 for Debug port

From GPS Ant

Analog 10 MHz Output

RS-232 for Debug

Digital I/Q and C & M(Optic)

From/to RRH

RRH-2WB

E/O, O/E conversion

RET control

Digital I/Q and C & M(Optic)

from/to MRA-F

TDD Clock Output

AISG to RET motor @Antenna

Digital I/Q and

C & M path

E/O, O/E conversion

4Tx ports to Antenna

4Rx ports from Antenna

RF output monitoring

RS-232 for Debug

TDD Signal Output

-48 VDC input

DC Power to RET

RF Processing

Power Module

Mobile WiMAX RAS SPI-2213 System Description/Ed.02

The SPI-2213 supports 4T4R with CDD and provides the administrator with the following

external interface.

y External Interface of DU

Category Interface Type Port No. Connector Type

2 1000 Base-X: SFP (LC) Simultaneous operation of

1000Base-X and 100/1000Base-TX 2 100/1000 Base-Tx: RJ-45

Backhaul

100/1000 Base-TX 4 RJ-45

GPS Antenna Analog RF 1 SMA

Rectifier Interface RS-485 or others 1 RJ-45

RRH interface Digital I/Q and C & M Max. 12 SFP (Single mode)

y External Interface of RRH-2WB

Category Interface Type Port No. Connector Type

TX coupling port Analog RF 4 SMA

Antenna Interface Analog RF (Main Traffic) 4 Mini-Din

DU interface Digital I/Q and C & M 1 SFP (single mode)

Power DC power (-48 VDC) 1 Square Flange Receptacle

CHAPTER 3. SPI-2213 Architecture

3-18 © SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd.

3.3 Software Structure

3.3.1 Basic Structure

The components of the SPI-2213 software are shown below: Operating System (OS),

Device Driver (DD), Middleware (MW), Network Processor Software (NPS), IP Routing

Software (IPRS), and application. The application is divided by Call Control (CC) block

for the call processing and the OAM block for operation and maintenance of the SPI-2213.

Figure 3.12 Software Structure of SPI-2213

Operating System (OS)

OS initializes and controls the hardware device, and runs the software operation in the

hardware. To operate the software, OS uses the embedded Linux OS, and manages the dual

software processes. Then, OS provides various functions efficiently with limited resources.

Middleware (MW)

MW helps the smooth operation between OS and application under various types of

hardware environment, and to achieve this, MW provides various services: message

delivery service between applications, event notification service, debugging utility services.

In addition, the MW provides the systematic and strong management of the account, the

authority and the authentication function.

Device Driver (DD)

DD manages the normal operation of applications that OS does not control in the system.

DD provides the API for the user processor to setup/control/detect the hardware device.

Also, DD confirms the device configuration by receiving the configuration data from the

upper user processor, and also provides the functions of register manipulation for device

operation, device diagnosis, statistics and status management.

MW IPRS

OS DD

NPS

Hardware

OAM

APPLICATION

Mobile WiMAX RAS SPI-2213 System Description/Ed.02

Network Processor Software (NPS)

NPS manages the innate functions of Network Processor (NP) that mainly processes the

packets, and it connects the upper processor and NP in Board Processor (BP), and provides

the functions of NP message processing, NP statistics data collection and report.

IP Routing Software (IPRS)

IPRS executes the IP routing protocol function. IPRS collects and manages the system

configuration and status data necessary for IP routing operation, and based on the data, it

generates the routing table via the routing protocol, and makes packet forwarding possible.

Call Control (CC)

CC is a software subsystem that processes the calls in the SPI-2213, and CC interfaces with

MS and ACR. CC supports data exchange function to support wireless data service such as

the MAC scheduling, air link control, ARQ processing and IEEE 802.16 message processing.

Operation And Maintenance (OAM)

The OAM provides the interface (SNMPv2c/SNMPv3, FTP/SFTP, HTTPs, SSH) of which

the security is strengthened, and which is standardized to interwork with the upper

management system such as the WSM, the Web-EMT and console terminal based on the

IMISH.

In addition, this performs the functions of initializing and restarting the system, collecting

the statistics for processing the call and various performance data, managing the system

configuration and resources, managing the status of the software resources and the

hardware resources, managing the failure and performing the diagnostics for the operation

and the management of the SPI-2213.

CHAPTER 3. SPI-2213 Architecture

3-20 © SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd.

3.3.2 Call Control (CC) Block

The CC block caries out the resource management function of the SPI-2213 and the BS

function of ASN Profile-C defined in NWG of Mobile WiMAX forum. The CC block

consists of RAS Resource Controller (RRC), RAS Service Controller (RSC) and RAS

Traffic Controller (RTC) sub-blocks and the functions of each sub-block are as follow:

Figure 3.13 CC Block Structure

RRC as the resource manager of the SPI-2213 exchanges the status information with all

blocks and assigns appropriate software resources to a service when it receives the

necessary service request from RAS/ACR.

RSC processes the MAC signaling via R1 interface and interworks with ACR via R6

interface. RSC performs the Call Admission Control (CAC) in the service creation process

and requests the traffic channel setup to RTC. In addition, RSC transfers the information on

the internal control message to the modem block in the SPI-2213.

RTC fragments the user data received from ACR via the R6 interface in MAC PDU format

and transfers the data to the modem block or re-assembles the MAC PDU received from an

MS via the R1 interface and transmits to ACR. In addition, the RTC interworks with the

RSC block controlling the RAS signal and performs the call setup/release procedure.

3.3.2.1 RAS Resource Controller (RRC)

RRC is in charge of the resource management of the SPI-2213 and is activated on the

MMA-G. The RRC interfaces with ACR outside the system and the RSC and OAM blocks

inside the system.

Main functions of RRC are as follows:

y ACR Keep Alive

y RSC Keep Alive

y Inter Carrier Load Balancing

y Paging Message Transmission

y System Resource Management

MMA-G

RRC

1) RAS signaling interface

2) RAS state monitoring

RSC

1) RAS signaling interface

2) Modem control interface

RTC

1) RAS traffic interface

2) Modem traffic interface

MRA-F

Mobile WiMAX RAS SPI-2213 System Description/Ed.02

3.3.2.2 RAS Service Controller (RSC)

The RSC is in charge of the signaling-concentrated service in the SPI-2213. As for the

system outside, the RSC performs the message exchange with ACR via the Mobile

WiMAX standard R6 interface. As for the system inside, RSC interworks with the RTC

that is in charge of traffic data and transmits the information on the internal control

message to the modem block.

The RSC performs the MAC message exchange described in IEEE 802.16 with an MS and

carries out the call setup procedure by interworking with the RRC via the system internal

message. The RSC is activated on MRA.

Main functions of RSC are as follows:

y CID Creation and Release

y MAC Management Message Processing

y R6 Interface Message Processing

y Handover processing

y Sleep Mode Support for Power Reduction

y Collection of Various Statistics

y Paging Relay Function for MS

3.3.2.3 RAS Traffic Controller (RTC)

The RTC is the block to process the traffic of the SPI-2213. The RTC is the block

pertaining to the bearer plane and is located as the kernel module format of the

corresponding CPU. The RTC performs the R6 interface under IEEE 802.16 standard and

enables to the modem block to perform the R1 interface normally.

The RTC fragments the user data received from ACR via the R6 interface in MAC PDU

format and transfers the data to the modem block or re-assembles the MAC PDU received

from an MS via the R1 interface and transmits to ACR.

In addition, the RTC interworks with the RTC block controlling the RAS signal and

performs the call setup/release procedure. This process is carried out via the memory

interface in the RAS card (MRA-F). The RTC communicates with the modem block via the

PCI interface.

The RTC is activated on MRA and its main functions are as follows:

y ARQ function: Receives the ARQ feedback message from an MS and processes the

message.

y Analyzes and processes the RSC control message and performs the queue

management.

y Performs the traffic interface with the modem block.

y Performs the scheduling function for each QoS class

CHAPTER 3. SPI-2213 Architecture

3-22 © SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd.

y Data Traffic Processing Function

RTC provides the data path between ACR and the SPI-2213 via the R6 data path (GRE

tunnel).

y Traffic Control Function for Handover

In handover, RTC performs the data synchronization function between serving

RAS/ACR and target RAS/ACR.

3.3.3 Operation And Maintenance (OAM) Block

OAM block manages the operation and maintenance of the SPI-2213, and it is divided as

the three shown below: EMS Interface (EMI), Main OAM and Board OAM.

Figure 3.14 OAM Software Structure

The following interface structure diagram shows the communication between OAM blocks.

Main OAM and EMI are running on the MMA-G that support master OAM.

Board OAM is running on the remaining lower processor board.

OAM (Operation And Maintenance)

EMI

1) SNMPD

2) OAGS

3) Web-EMT

4) CLIM

5) PAM

Main OAM

6) UFM

7) Loader

8) ULM

9) OPM

10) OSSM

11) OER/OEV

12) OCM

13) RDM

Board OAM

6) UFM

7) Loader

8) ULM

9) OPM

10) OSSM

Mobile WiMAX RAS SPI-2213 System Description/Ed.02

Figure 3.15 Interface between OAM Blocks

The EMI carries out SNMP agent and web server function, and provides the OAM interface

between the management system (WSM, Web-EMT and CLI Terminal) and the SPI-2213

by providing the IMISH. Then, to access the SPI-2213 directly via the Web-EMT or the

console terminal, the process of the operator authentication and the authority allowance via

the WebEMT or Pluggable Authentication Module (PAM) block should be done.

The Main OAM is located in the main processor. The Main OAM communicates with the

upper management system by interworking with the EMI block and distributes the

Programmable Loading Data (PLD) to the lower processors by managing the system

configuration as the format of the PLD. In addition, the Main OAM performs the role of

the Image Server (IS) and the Registration Server (RS), collects and saves the statistics data

and the failure information, and reports them to the upper management system.

The Board OAM is located in the lower processor. The Board OAM collects the failure and

the statistics data of each board, reports them to the Main OAM and monitors the software

process of each board.

Functional details of each block are as follows.

OPM

UFM

Main Processor

Main OAM

IPC

API API

Shared Memory

Web-EMT

WSM

Image Server

WSM

FTP/SFTP

SNMPv3

Board OAM

Loader ULM

OSSM

Board Processor

…

HTTPs

SSH

Terminal

Console

CLIM

MDS

OAGS/SNMPD

WebEMT

Software

Entity

PAM

UFM

Loader

OER/OEV

OCM

OPM

ULM

OSSM

RDM

IPC

API API

Shared Memory

Software

Entity

CHAPTER 3. SPI-2213 Architecture

3-24 © SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd.

3.3.3.1 SNMP Daemon (SNMPD)

SNMPD plays the SNMP agent role to support the standard SNMP (SNMPv2c/SNMPv3)

and an interface role for the upper management system (WSM) and interworks with

internal subagent. While receiving requests on the standard MIB object from WSM are

processed by SNMPD itself, it transmits requests on the private MIB object to subagent in

order to be handled properly.

SNMPD Main Functions

y Standard MIB processing

If the request for the MIB-II object is received, the SNMPD processes it directly and

transmits the response.

y Private MIB processing

If the request for the Private MIB object is received, it is not processed directly by the

SNMPD, but it is transmitted to the corresponding internal subagent, and then the

response is transmitted from the subagent and it is transmitted to the manager.

SNMPD Implementation

SNMPD is implemented on the MMA-G as shown below.

Figure 3.16 SNMPD Block

MRA-F #5

MRA-F #4

MRA-F #3

MRA-F #2

MRA-F #1

MRA-F #0

MMA-G

MEI-B

Mobile WiMAX RAS SPI-2213 System Description/Ed.02

3.3.3.2 Common SNMP Agent Subagent (OAGS)

OAGS plays the SNMP subagent role to support the standard SNMP (SNMPv2c/SNMPv3).

Also, through master agent (SNMPD) OAGS plays an interface role for the upper

management system for the command inquiry and change of ACR to be operated through

the get/get-next/get-bulk/set/trap command defined by SNMP.

OAGS Main Functions

y Providing private MIB

− Provide private MIB to the management system.

− Generate the message data file necessary for the interface function between OAM

blocks.

y SNMP command processing

Process the command received from the management system and transmit the

corresponding result via the SNMPD.

y Notification function

Send the SNMP trap to master agent (SNMPD) whenever there are needs to inform the

change or the alarm of the SPI-2213 data to the upper management system.

OAGS Implementation

OAGS is implemented on the MMA-G as shown below.

Figure 3.17 OAGS Block

MRA-F #5

MRA-F #4

MRA-F #3

MRA-F #2

MRA-F #1

MRA-F #0

MMA-G

MEI-B

CHAPTER 3. SPI-2213 Architecture

3-26 © SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd.

3.3.3.3 Web-based Element Maintenance Terminal (WebEMT)

The WebEMT is the block to interface with the Web client of the console terminal which

uses the Web browser, and performs the role of the Web server. Both Web-EMT and the

SPI-2213 support the HTTP communications based on the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL).

WebEMT Main Functions

y Web server function

− HTTP server for the management using Web-EMT

− Receive html requests and display HTML pages

y OAM block interface

− Process commands from Web-EMT interoperating with other OAM blocks

− User management

WebEMT Implementation

WebEMT is implemented on the MMA-G.

Figure 3.18 WebEMT Block

MRA-F #5

MRA-F #4

MRA-F #3

MRA-F #2

MRA-F #1

MRA-F #0

MMA-G

MEI-B

Mobile WiMAX RAS SPI-2213 System Description/Ed.02

3.3.3.4 Command Line Interface Management (CLIM)

The CLIM is the block to interface with the IMISH, when it is connected to the console

terminal via the Secure Shell (SSH) method. The CLIM processes the received command

via the IMISH and displays the corresponding result.

CLIM Main Functions

y IMISH command processing

− Setup/change/inquiry of interface and routing functions

− Setup/change/inquiry of the SPI-2213 operation & maintenance

CLIM Implementation

CLIM is implemented on the MMA-G as shown below.

Figure 3.19 CLIM Block

3.3.3.5 Pluggable Authentication Module (PAM)

The PAM receives the account and the password of the operator who uses the console

terminal (IMISH and Web-EMT) when logging in, thus it perform the operator

authentication and the process of allowing the authority.

PAM Main Functions

y Operator’s account management and authentication

The function of managing and authenticating the account of the operator who uses the

console terminal (IMISH and Web-EMT) is performed.

y Operator’s authority management

The function of allowing the authority for all the commands which the operator can

perform is performed.

y Password management

Management functions such as creating the operator’s password, saving and updating

the encryption are performed.

MRA-F #5

MRA-F #4

MRA-F #3

MRA-F #2

MRA-F #1

MRA-F #0

MMA-G

MEI

CHAPTER 3. SPI-2213 Architecture

3-28 © SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd.

PAM Implementation

PAM is implemented on the MMA-G as shown below. MMA-G has 1:1 active/standby

redundancy.

Figure 3.20 PAM Block

3.3.3.6 Universal Fault Management (UFM)

UFM manages the ACR faults and the status of software and hardware. UFM informs the

detected failures to the upper management system by the filtering function, and applies the

severity changes and the threshold to the fault management system. In particular, the UFM

receives ToD from a Global Positioning System (GPS) signal receiver, distributes the

received ToD to CC software for call processing, and manages faults concerned with the ToD.

The UFM supports statistics and status management of Ethernet switch devices.

UFM Main Functions

y Failure Management

− Hardware and software failure management by interrupt and polling

− When the failure is detected, it is reported to the management system and the

related block.

y Status Management

− Status management for the components

− When the status information of the resource is changed, it is reported to the

management system and the related block.

y Failure filtering and inhibition

− The filtering function is applied to many kinds of the occurred failure, and only the

failure of the original reason is reported.

− Function of inhibiting reporting a specific kind of failure or a specific system

according to the operator’s request

y Inquiring and changing the failure configuration information

Inquiring and changing the parameters such as the failure severity and the threshold

for the generation

MRA-F #5

MRA-F #4

MRA-F #3

MRA-F #2

MRA-F #1

MRA-F #0

MMA-G

MEI-B

Mobile WiMAX RAS SPI-2213 System Description/Ed.02

y Failure audit

Auditing the failure is performed when initializing and restarting the system and when

the operator requests to minimize the inconsistency of the failure information between

the ACR and the upper management system.

y Failure history information management and save

y Call fault reporting

In case of the call fault, the related information (call status, error code, MS information,

etc.) is collected and reported to the management system.

y DD Interface

The interface between DD and applications is provided for statistics and status

management of devices.

UFM Implementation

UFM is implemented in MMA-G and all lower boards as shown below.

Figure 3.21 UFM Block

MRA-F #5

MRA-F #4

MRA-F #3

MRA-F #2

MRA-F #1

MRA-F #0

MMA-G

MEI-B

CHAPTER 3. SPI-2213 Architecture

3-30 © SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd.

3.3.3.7 Loader

Loader manages the entire process from the start of OS to the previous step of ULM

running (pre-loading). After that, if ULM is actuated after the initialization script is

executed and the registration and loading function is performed, the loader monitors the

ULM block.

Loader Main Functions

y System time setting

Before NTP-based synchronization, the system time is set by receiving the Time of

Date (ToD) from a GPS receiver.

y SPI-2213 registration and loading

− Registration of the SPI-2213 to the Registration Server (RS)

− Determination of the loading method

1) Loading as the latest version via the version comparison: Loading via its own

nonvolatile storage or remote IS

2) Loading via the console port (at this time, omitting the registration of the SPI-

2213 to the RS)

y Backing up and restoring the software image and the PLD

Loader saves the software image and the PLD of the latest version in its own

nonvolatile storage and restores it as the corresponding information when required.

(In case of PLD, back-up by operator’s command)

y ULM monitoring

Loader monitors whether the ULM block operates normally and if it is abnormal, this

restarts it.

Loader Implementation

Loader is implemented on the MMA-G and all lower board as shown below.

Figure 3.22 Loader Block

MRA-F #5

MRA-F #4

MRA-F #3

MRA-F #2

MRA-F #1

MRA-F #0

MMA-G

MEI-B

Mobile WiMAX RAS SPI-2213 System Description/Ed.02

3.3.3.8 Universal Loading Management (ULM)

ULM downloads and executes the packages that are identified in the file list downloaded

by loader during pre-loading process. Also, ULM monitors the executed software and

provides the running software information, and supports the restart and the software upgrade

by the command. In addition, in the initialization stage, ULM sets the system time by using

the Time of Date information obtained from a GPS receiver and periodically performs the

synchronization with the NTP server by actuating as an NTP client after the loading is

completed.

ULM Main Functions

y System initialization and reset

− System reset by command

− Act as internal RS & IS of lower board

y Software management

− Monitor the operation of software block and restart the software block in abnormal

state

− Software restart by command

− Provide information on software block and the status

y Inventory Management

− ULM provides the information such as the software version for the components,

the PBA ID, the PBA version and the serial number, etc.

− Function of reporting the inventory information when performing the initialization,

adding and extending the components

y Online upgrade and version management for the software

ULM provides the functions of updating the software and the firmware, upgrading the

package and managing the version.

y System time information synchronization

Synchronize system time information with NTP server as a NTP client and transmit

the time information to the lower boards

y Time Zone setup

Setup Time Zone and Daylight Saving Time (DST)

y Mortem time update

Setup mortem time after system time information synchronization

CHAPTER 3. SPI-2213 Architecture

3-32 © SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd.

ULM Implementation

ULM is implemented on the MMA-G and all lower board as shown below.

Figure 3.23 ULM Block

3.3.3.9 Common Performance Management (OPM)

OPM collects and provides the performance data for the upper management system

operator to know the SPI-2213 performance. The OPM collects the event generated during

the system operation and the performance data and transmits them to the management

system. The collection cycle of the statistics data of the actual OPM can be set as 15

minutes, 30 minutes, 60 minutes, and if the entire statistics file of the binary format is

created every 15 minutes, the management system collects it periodically via the FTP/SFTP.

OPM Main Functions

y Record and collect statistics data

Record statistics data to the memory and generate the statistics file by regularly

collecting data per each board

y Save the statistics data

Save the statistics data of each board in its own nonvolatile storage during up to eight

hours

y Inquire and change the statistics configuration information

Inquire and change the collection cycle (BI) and the threshold of the statistics data

y Threshold Cross Alert (TCA)

Generate the TCA (Critical, Major, Minor) according to the defined threshold in every

collection cycle and report it to the UFM

y Monitor the statistics in real time

Provide the real-time monitoring function for the specific statistics item designated by

the operator

MRA-F #5

MRA-F #4

MRA-F #3

MRA-F #2

MRA-F #1

MRA-F #0

MMA-G

MEI-B

Mobile WiMAX RAS SPI-2213 System Description/Ed.02

OPM Implementation

OPM is implemented on the MMA-G and all lower board as shown below.

Figure 3.24 OPM Block

3.3.3.10 Common Subscription Service Management (OSSM)

OSSM distributes the PLD data necessary for the software blocks, and reports the data

changed to the corresponding software block if PLD data are changed. Also, it supports the

function to maintain the consistency of PLD data that are scattered in the system.

OSSM Major Functions

y PLD distribution

OSSM loads PLD to the shared memory for software block in order to access PLD

y PLD change report

Report the changes of PLD to the corresponding software block

y PLD audit

Maintain the consistency of PLDs which are distributed in the SPI-2213 (between

main board and lower boards)

OSSM Implementation

OSSM is implemented on the MMA-G and all lower board.

Figure 3.25 OSSM Block

MRA-F #5

MRA-F #4

MRA-F #3

MRA-F #2

MRA-F #1

MRA-F #0

MMA-G

MEI-B

MRA-F #5

MRA-F #4

MRA-F #3

MRA-F #2

MRA-F #1

MRA-F #0

MMA-G

MEI-B

CHAPTER 3. SPI-2213 Architecture

3-34 © SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd.

3.3.3.11 Common Event Router (OER)/Common Event Viewer (OEV)

The OER/OEV manages the event history as the text format. The OER/OEV transmits the

information on all the events received from the OAM applications to the related agent

(OAGS, WebEMT), and creates and saves the history file of the daily/hourly events, and

displays the log contents on the operator window (IMISH) in real time.

OER Major Functions

y Event transmission

OER/OEV transmits the information on the generated event to the OAGS or the

WebEMT block, thus it enables to report it to the management system.

y Creating and saving the event history file

OER/OEV creates and saves the daily/hourly event history file in its own nonvolatile

storage as the 1 Mbyte maximum size.

y Event display

OER/OEV displays the event generated in the SPI-2213 on the operator window

(IMISH) in real time.

OER/OEV Implementation

OER/OEV is implemented on the MMA-G as shown in the figure below.

Figure 3.26 OER/OEV Block

MRA-F #5

MRA-F #4

MRA-F #3

MRA-F #2

MRA-F #1

MRA-F #0

MMA-G

MEI-B

Mobile WiMAX RAS SPI-2213 System Description/Ed.02

3.3.3.12 Common Configuration Management (OCM)

OCM manages the SPI-2213 configuration and parameter with PLD, and it provides the

data that are necessary for the software blocks. Other software blocks can approach PLD

by the internal subscription service (OSSM), and through the command from EMI.

OCM provides the following functions: SPI-2213 configuration grow/degrow, inquiry and

change of configuration data and operational parameters.

OCM Major Functions

y ACR configuration management

Manage the SPI-2213 system configuration with PLD

y PLD inquiry and change

− Upper management system inquires and changes PLD by command

− PLD changes are updated in its own nonvolatile storage by operator’s command.

y PLD audit

For the consistent PLD data with the upper management system

y Grow/degrow of resources

Link, board, sector, the auxiliary devices in the SPI-2213

OCM Implementation

OCM is implemented on the MMA-G. as shown in the figure below.

Figure 3.27 OCM Block

MRA-F #5

MRA-F #4

MRA-F #3

MRA-F #2

MRA-F #1

MRA-F #0

MMA-G

MEI-B

CHAPTER 3. SPI-2213 Architecture

3-36 © SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd.

3.3.3.13 RAS Diagnosis Management (RDM)

The RDM checks if internal and external connection paths or resources of the SPI-2213 are

normal. The connection paths are roughly divided into the external path between the SPI-

2213 internal IPC path and another NE and the path between ACR and the SPI-2213.

In addition, it supports the on-demand test at the request of an operator and the periodical

test according to the schedule defined by the operator.

RDM Functions

y Path Test

− Internal path test: Ping test for the IPC path of the board level in NE

− External path test: Traceroute test for external hosts

− Traffic path test: Test for the UDP message-based bearer path between ACR and

the SPI-2213

y Software Block Test

Ping test for main programs by processors

y RF Exchange Test

Tx path, Receive Signal Strength Indicator-based (RSSI-based) Rx path and VSWR

diagnosis

y DU-RRH Loopback Test

Support of loopback function for ‘Digital I/Q and C & M’ interface

y Backhaul performance monitoring test

Quality (packet loss, delay and delay variance) measurement for backhaul between

ACR and the SPI-2213

y Periodical online test by the operator setting

y Change of the Diagnosis Schedule

Schedule setup, such as diagnosis period, start time and end time of periodical online test

y Support of Call Trace Function

It reports the call trace information (signaling message of a specific MS, RF parameter,

and traffic statistics) to the management system via SNMPD.

y Virtual Interface (VIF) generation and removal

Generate and remove VIF based on physical link configuration in PLD

y VIF state management

Change the state of physical VIF with link failure

y RF Module Setup and Control

Transmission of the setup information required for the RF module, redundancy

structure and management of failure/status

Mobile WiMAX RAS SPI-2213 System Description/Ed.02

RDM Configuration

The RDM is implemented on the MMA-G as shown in the figure below.

Figure 3.28 RDM Block

MRA-F #5

MRA-F #4

MRA-F #3

MRA-F #2

MRA-F #1

MRA-F #0

MMA-G

MEI-B

CHAPTER 3. SPI-2213 Architecture

3-38 © SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd.

This page is intentionally left blank.

Mobile WiMAX RAS SPI-2213 System Description

CHAPTER 4. Message Flow

4.1 Call Processing Message Flow

4.1.1 Initial Access

The following is the procedure to set the Provisioned Service Flow (SF) of the network-

initiated Dynamic Service Add (DSA) mode in the process of the initial network entry.

An MS periodically receives Downlink Channel Descriptor (DCD), Downlink-MAP (DL-

MAP), Uplink Channel Descriptor (UCD) and Uplink-MAP (UL-MAP) messages from the

RAS in the initial access, acquires the downlink channel synchronization and the uplink

parameter and sets the Provisioned SF connection.

The ACR supports the PMIP and simple IP methods when allocating an IP address to the

MS. When the PMIP method is used, the ACR performs the DHCP proxy function.

When the simple IP method is used, the ACR performs the DHCP relay agent function.

CHAPTER 4. Message Flow

4-2 © SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd.

Figure 4.1 Initial Access Process

DHCP

31) DHCP Discover

32) DHCP Discover

34) DHCP Offer 33) DHCP Offer

35) DHCP Request

36) DHCP Request

37) DHCP Ack

38) DHCP Ack

MS RAS ACR AAA

8) Authentication & Key Exchange

PMIP case

CMIP case

1) RNG-REQ

2) RNG-RSP

3) SBC-REQ

6) SBC-RSP

9) REG-REQ

12) REG-RSP

15) DSA-REQ

16) DSA-RSP

19) DSA-ACK

20) DHCP Discover

23) DHCP Offer

24) DHCP Request

25) DHCP Ack

27) MIP REG REQ

30) MIP REG RSP

26) Agent Advertisement

7) MS_PreAttachment_Ack

10) MS_Attachment_Req

11) MS_Attachment_Rsp

13) MS_Attachment_Ack

17) Path Registration Response

14) Path Registration Request

21) MIP REG REQ

22) MIP REG RSP

28) MIP REG REQ

29) MIP REG RSP

39) Diameter: ACR, RADIUS: Accounting Request

40) Diameter: ACA, RADIUS: Accounting Response

18) Path Registration Ack

4) MS_PreAttachment_Req

Simple IP case

5) MS_PreAttachment_Rsp

Mobile WiMAX RAS SPI-2213 System Description/Ed.02

Classification Description

(1)~(2) The MS transmits the RNG-REQ message including its own MAC address and

the Ranging Purpose Indication to the RAS, and the RAS allocates the Basic &

Primary Management CID and transmits the RNG-RSP message to the MS.

(3)~(4) The MS transmits the SBC-REQ message to the RAS including the physical

parameter and the authorization policy information which it supports. The RAS

transmits the MS_PreAttachment_Req message to the ACR including the

authorization policy support via the Default IP address and the UDP port number

of the ACR.

(5)~(7) The ACR transmits the MS_PreAttachment_Rsp message to the RAS including

the supported authorization policy, and the RAS extracts the information

received from the ACR, attaches it to the SBC-RSP message and transmits it to

the MS. Then, RAS transmits the MS_PreAttachment_Ack to the ACR, and

notifies the start point of the next process (EAP transmission) explicitly.

(8) The procedure of the subscriber authentication between the MS and the AAA

server is performed, and when the authentication is successful, the ACR

receives the provisioned policy information for each subscriber from the AAA

server. For the detailed information, see ‘4.1.2 Authentication’.

(9)~(13) The MS transmits the REG-REQ message to the RAS including the registration

information (MS Capabilities, CS Capabilities, HO Support, etc), and the RAS

transmits the MS_Attachment_Req message to the ACR to inquire the

corresponding MS Capability and the corresponding CS Capability. The ACR

transmits the response to the RAS including the result of the requested

registration information, and the RAS transmits the REG-RSP message to the

MS. The RAS transmits the MS_Attachment_Ack to the ACR, and notifies the

start point of the next process explicitly.

(14)~(19) To request the DSA for the Pre-Provisioned SF, the ACR transmits the RR-

Request message to the RAS, including the SFID, the Resource Description field

(SF/CS parameter) and the Data Path ID (=GRE Key) field to set the data path

with the RAS. The RAS receives this message and performs admission control

for this, and then transmits the DSA-REQ message to the MS. The MS attaches

the Confirmation Code to the DSA-RSP message as a result of DSA-REQ and

transmits the message to the RAS, and the RAS transmits the RR-Response

message to the ACR including the Data Path ID to set the data path with the

ACR. Then the ACR transmits the RR-Confirm message to the RAS, and the

RAS transmits the DSA-ACK message to the MS.

(20)~(25) This is the procedure to allocate the IP address to the MS, which uses the PMIP,

if the MS requests the DHCP procedure to acquire the IP address, the ACR

performs the PMIP procedure.

(26)~(30) This is the procedure to allocate the IP address to the MS, which uses the CMIP,

if the MS requests the MIP registration directly, the ACR operates as the FA and

interworks with the HA and allocates the MIP address to the MS.

CHAPTER 4. Message Flow

4-4 © SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd.

(Continued)

Classification Description

(31)~(38) This is the procedure for allocating an IP address to the MS that uses the simple

IP method. If the MS requests the DHCP procedure to receive an allocated IP

address, the ACR performs the DHCP relay agent function to receive a simple IP

address from the external DHCP server and then sends the received IP address

to the MS.

(39)~(40) When the Diameter protocol is used, it is notified that accounting has begun for

the service flow using the ACR/ACA message. When the RADIUS protocol is

used, the Accounting Request/Accounting Response message is used.

4.1.2 Authentication

At the Time of Initial Access

The MS authentication procedure performed in ‘4.1.1 Initial Access’ is as follows:

Figure 4.2 Authentication Procedure (At the time of initial access)

(PKMv2 EAP-Transfer)

MS RAS ACR AAA

Repeat

2) PKM-RSP

(PKMv2 EAP-Transfer)

3) PKM-REQ

8) PKM-RSP

(PKMv2 EAP-Transfer)

9) PKM-REQ

(

PKMv2 EAP

Transfer

)

14) PKM-RSP

(PKMv2 EAP-Transfer)

17) PKM-RSP

18) PKM-REQ

(PKMv2 SA-TEK-Request)

19) PKM-RSP

20) PKM-REQ

(PKMv2 Key Request)

21) PKM-RSP

(PKMv2 Key Reply)

(PKMv2 SA-TEK-Challenge)

(PKMv2 SA-TEK-Response)

0) MS_PreAttachment_Ack

1) AuthRelay-EAP-Transfer

4) AuthRelay-EAP-Transfer

7) AuthRelay-EAP-Transfer

10) AuthRelay-EAP-Transfer

15) Key_Change_Directive

16) Key_Change_Directive_Ack

5) Diameter: DER/RADIUS: Access Request

6) Diameter: DEA/RADIUS: Access Challenge

)

Diameter: DER

RADIUS: Access Re

uest

12) Diameter: DEA/RADIUS: Access Accept

13) AuthRelay-EAP-Transfer

Mobile WiMAX RAS SPI-2213 System Description/Ed.02

Classification Description

(0)~(2) When the ACR receives MS_PreAttachment_Req_Ack for SBC-RSP from the

RAS, the ACR includes the EAP Request/Identity payload in the AuthRelay-EAP-

Transfer message and transmits the message to the RAS to start the EAP

authentication. The RAS relays the received EAP payload to the MS by using the

PKMv2 EAP-Transfer/PKM-RSP message.

(3)~(5) The MS sends the RAS a PKMv2 EAP-Transfer/PKM-REQ message with the

NAI included in the EAP Response/Identity. The RAS relays it to the ACR using

the AuthRelay-EAP-Transfer message. The authenticator of the ACR then

analyzes the NAI and sends the MS the Diameter DEAP Request (DER)

message (when the Diameter protocol is used) or the Access Request message

(when the RADIUS protocol is used).

(6)~(11) The subscriber authentication procedure is performed between the MS and AAA

server using the EAP-method. The authentication procedure is performed using

the Diameter EAP Request (DER)/Diameter EAP Answer (DEA) message (when

the Diameter protocol is used) or the Access-Challenge/Access-Request

message (when the RADIUS protocol is used).

(12)~(16) When the authentication is successfully completed, the ACR receives the Master

Session Key (MSK) that is the upper key to provide security and provisioned

policy information per subscriber from the AAA server using the Diameter EAP

Answer (DEA) message (when the Diameter protocol is used) or the Access-

Accept message (when the RADIUS protocol is used). The ACR generates the

AK from the MSK and sends the RAS a Key_Change_Directive message

including the generated AK Context information and Security Association (SA)

information for the MS. In addition, the RAS relays the EAP Success information

to the MS using the PKMv2-EAP-Transfer message.

(17)~(19) After the EAP authentication, the RAS verifies the AK key value which it has with

MS, and transmits the SA-TEK-Challenge message to the MS to notify the start

of the SA negotiation, and the MS verifies the CMAC of the SA-TEK-Challenge

message, checks the AK key value, and transmits the SA negotiation information

to the RAS by using SA-TEK-Request. The RAS transmits SA-TEK-Response

including the AKID and the SA Descriptor which is the final result of the SA

negotiation to the MS.

(20)~(21) The MS requests the Traffic Encryption Key (TEK) to the RAS by using PKMv2

Key-Request, and the RAS creates the TEK randomly and transmits it to the MS

by using the PKMv2 Key-Reply message. Then, the TEK is transmitted by being

encrypted via the Key Encryption Key (KEK).

Keys and Functions

The functions of the keys are as follows.

- MSK: creates the AK

- AK: creates the CMAC key

- KEK: encrypts the TEK

- CMAC key: provides integrity for the MAC management message

- TEK: encrypts traffics in wireless sections

CHAPTER 4. Message Flow

4-6 © SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd.

At the Time of Authenticator Relocation

When the MS performs the CSN-anchored Handover (HO), or the Idle Mode MS moves to

another ACR area and performs the location update, the following re-authentication

procedure is performed to move the authenticator from the existing Serving ACR to the

Target ACR. The Target ACR triggers in order that the MS performs the EAP

authentication procedure with the AAA server again, and then, when the result of the

authentication result is notified to the Serving ACR, the Authenticator Relocation

procedure is completed.

Figure 4.3 Authentication Procedure (At the time of the Authenticator Relocation)

Classification Description

(1)~(2) The new authenticator, T-ACR, exchanges the Relocation Notify/Ack message with

the previous authenticator, S-ACR, to perform re-authentication and authenticator

relocation.

(3)~(11) The re-authentication procedure is performed in the target area, as the authentication

procedure for initial entry. When the Diameter protocol is used, the Diameter EAP

Answer (DEA) message is received from the AAA server. When the RADIUS protocol

is used, the Access Accept message is received from the AAA server.

(12)~(13) The RAS sends the Key Change Confirm message to the authenticator (T-ACR) to

notify it that re-authentication is complete with the MS.

(14)~(16) The T-ACR completes the authenticator relocation procedure by exchanging the

Relocation Confirm/Ack message with the S-ACR.

(17)~(18) After the authenticator relocation, the new authenticator notifies the anchor that the

authenticator has been changed through the context Rpt procedure.

6) Diameter: DEA/RADIUS: Access Accept

4) PKMv2-RSP

8) PKMv2-RSP

3) AuthRelay EAP Transfer

11) S

-TEK

handshake

7) AuthRelay EAP Transfer

9) Key Change Directive

10) Key Change Directive Ack

12) Key Change Confirm

13) Key Change Confirm Ack

5) Serving ASN triggers MS re-authentication with AAA Server

14) Relocation Complete_Req

15) Relocation Complete_Rsp

1) Relocation Notify

2) Relocation Notify Ack

17) Context_Rpt

18) Context_Ack

16) Relocation_Complete_Ack

MS T-RAS AAA

T-ACR S-ACR

Mobile WiMAX RAS SPI-2213 System Description/Ed.02

4.1.3 Status Change

Awake Mode Æ Idle Mode

If the data traffic is not transmitted/received for a certain time, the status of MS is changed

from the Awake Mode to the Idle Mode.

Sleep Mode Æ Idle Mode Change

The MS of the Sleep Mode is not changed into the Idle Mode, immediately.

Before being changed from the Sleep Mode into the Idle Mode, the MS is

changed to the Awake Mode, first, and then, after requesting DREG, it is changed

into the Idle Mode.

The deregistration procedure to be changed into the Idle Mode is divided into the MS-

initiated Idle Mode change and the Network-initiated Idle Mode change, and the following

indicates the procedure of the MS-initiated Idle Mode change.

Figure 4.4 Awake Mode Æ Idle Mode Status Change Procedure

Classification Description

(1) When the MS is changed into the Idle Mode, it creates the DREG-REQ message

and transmits it to the RAS, and the value of the De-Registration Request Code

field is set as 0x01.

(2)~(5) The RAS creates the IM_Entry_State_Change_Req message including the

context information of the MS and transmits it to the ACR (Paging Controller),

and the ACR creates the IM_Entry_State_Change_Rsp message including the

Action Code (0 x 05), the paging information (PAGING_CYCLE,

PAGING_OFFSET) and the Idle Mode Retain Flag and transmits the message to

the RAS. The RAS transmits the DREG-CMD including the received information

to the MS.

MS RAS ACR

4) DREG-CMD

1) DREG-REQ

(Code=0x01, Paging Cycle

Request) 2) IM_Entry_State_Change_Req

3) IM_Entry_State_Change_Rsp

(ActionCode, Paging Controller ID,

Paging Information)

6) Path_Dereg_Req

7) Path_Dereg_Rsp

8) Path_Dereg_Ack

AAA

5) IM_Entry_State_Change_Ack

9) Diameter: ACR

10) Diameter: ACA

CHAPTER 4. Message Flow

4-8 © SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd.

(Continued)

Classification Description

(6)~(8) If the Network re-entry from the MS is not transmitted until the Idle Resource

Retain timer expires, the RAS performs the Data Path (DP) Release procedure

with the ACR.

(9)~(10) As the MS has been transited to Idle mode, an accounting end message is sent

to the AAA server to update the accounting information using the ACR/ACA

message (if the Diameter protocol is used). If the RADIUS protocol is used, no

accounting report is made when the MS has been transited to Idle mode. Then

when the MS is returned to Awake mode, the accounting information is updated

at the specified interim interval using the Accounting Request interim message.

Awake Mode Æ Sleep Mode

The Awake Mode and the Sleep Mode of the MS can be classified only by the RAS, and

the ACR does not classified the two kinds of status, and recognizes and manages both of

them as the Awake Mode.

Figure 4.5 Awake Mode Q Sleep Mode Status Change Procedure

Classification Description

(1)~(2) If the MS does not transmit/receive the data for a certain time (set by the

MS/RAS as the parameter), timeout is generated in its own timer, thus the mode

is changed from the Awake Mode to the Sleep Mode. Then, the MS transmits the

MOB_SLP-REQ message to the RAS, and the RAS transmits the MOB_SLP-

RSP message for this, and the status of MS is changed into the Sleep Mode.

(3)~(4) If the terminating traffic exists in the Sleep Mode MS, the RAS transmits the

MOB_TRF-IND message in the listening period of the corresponding MS, and

the MS which receives this, sets the BW value as 0 in the UL BW Request and

transmits it to the RAS. The RAS receives this message and recognizes that the

status of MS has been changed into the Awake Mode, and transmits the traffic to

the MS.

2) MOB_SLP-RSP

1) MOB_SLP-REQ

Awake

Sleep

3) MOB_TRF-IND

4) BW Request Header

Awake

DL Traffic

MS RAS ACR

Mobile WiMAX RAS SPI-2213 System Description/Ed.02

Idle Mode Æ Awake Mode (QCS)

When an MS in Idle Mode responds for the paging because of incoming traffic or sends the

traffic, the status of MS is changed from the Idle Mode into Awake Mode. In both cases,

the MS should perform the network re-entry procedure to change the status into the Awake

Mode and the Mobile WiMAX system of Samsung basically takes account of the QCS

procedure as the network re-entry method.

The following is the case where the mode is changed from the Idle Mode to the Awake

Mode at the time of the Network re-entry (QCS).

Figure 4.6 Idle Mode Æ Awake Mode (QCS) Procedure

Classification Description

(1) If the Idle Mode MS is changed into the Awake Mode, the MS creates the RNG-

REQ message including the MAC address and the Paging Controller ID value

and transmits the message to the RAS. Then, the value of the Ranging Purpose

Indication field is set as 0x00 (=Network Re-entry).

(2)~(3) The RAS creates the IM Exit State Change Request message including the

parameter of the received RNG-REQ message and transmits the message to the

ACR. The ACR checks the status information of the Idle Mode of the MS, creates

the IM Exit State Change Response message including the Idle Mode Retain

information to perform the QCS procedure and the AK Context information for

the CMAC authentication and transmits the message to the RAS.

(4)~(5) The RAS transmits the Path Registration Request message including the data

path information such as the (UL) GRE Key to the ACR to set the data path with

the ACR. The ACR responds to the RAS as the Path Registration Response

message including the data path information such as the (DL) GRE Key for this.

(6) The RAS replies with the RNG-RSP message along with HO Optimization Flag

for the QCS and relevant CID_Update and SA-TEK_Update information.

(7)~(8) The RAS notifies the new CMAC_KEY_COUNT value updated by the MS to the

ACR, which is an authenticator.

1) RNG-REQ

2) IM Exit State Change Request

(PC ID, Ranging Purpose=0)

3) IM Exit State Change Response

4) Path Reg Request

5) Path Reg Response

9) Path Reg Ack

6) RNG-RSP

(CID Update)

10) BW Request Header

MS RAS ACR AAA

7) CMAC_Key_Count_Update

8) CMAC_Key_Count_Update_Ack

11) Diameter: ACR

12) Diameter: ACA

CHAPTER 4. Message Flow

4-10 © SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd.

(Continued)

Classification Description

(9) The ACR receives the Path Registration Ack message and is notified of data

path set results.

(10) If an MS receives RNG-RSP, the MS transmits BW Request Header to notify the

system that the status is changed into the Awake Mode.

(11)~(12) If the Diameter protocol is used, as the MS has transited to Awake mode and a

new transport CID has been allocated, it sends a new accounting start message

to the AAA server to update the AAA server's accounting information. If the

RADIUS protocol is used, no accounting report is made when the MS has been

transited to Awake mode and the accounting information is updated at the

specified interim interval using the Accounting Request interim message.

Changing from Idle Mode to Awake Mode

For the procedure that the MS status is changed from Idle Mode to Awake Mode

due to paging, refer to ‘4.1.5’.

Mobile WiMAX RAS SPI-2213 System Description/Ed.02

4.1.4 Location Update

Inter-RAS Location Update

The following is the location update procedure when the MS moves to other paging group

in the same ACR.

Figure 4.7 Inter-RAS Location Update Procedure

Classification Description

(1) When the Idle Mode MS in the paging group 1 moves to the paging group 2, it

receives the PAG-ADV message and recognizes that the location has been

changed.

(2)~(3) The MS transmits the RNG-REQ message to a new RAS (RAS 2) including the

MAC address, the Location Update Request, and the Paging Controller ID and

the RAS 2 transmits the Location Update Request message to the ACR.

(4)~(5) The ACR transmits the Location Update Response message including the

paging information and the AK Context information to the RAS 2. The RAS 2

checks the CMAC validation and transmits the RNG-RSP message including the

LU Response to the MS, and notifies that the location update procedure has

been completed by transmitting the LU Confirm to the ACR.

(6)~(7) The RAS notifies the new CMAC_KEY_COUNT value updated by MS to the

ACR, which is an authenticator.

(8) The ACR sends the LU Confirm message and is notified that the location update

procedure is completed.

Inter-ACR Location Update (Anchor Relocation)

When the MS in the Idle mode moves to other ACR area, the Inter-ACR Location Update

(LU) procedure is performed. At this time, the procedure is different depending on whether

the MIP-based CMIP/PMIP method or the simple IP method is used.

MS RAS 1

(PG 1) ACR

1) MOB-PAG_ADV

5) RNG-RSP

(Location Update Response)

RAS 2

(PG 2)

1) MOB-PAG_ADV

2) RNG-REG

(Location Update Request, Paging Controller ID) 3) LU Request

4) LU Response

6) CMAC_Key_Count_Update

7) CMAC_Key_Count_Update_Ack

8) LU Confirm

CHAPTER 4. Message Flow

Figure 4.8 Inter-ACR Location Update Procedure (CMIP/PMIP Case)

S-ACR AAA HA

1) RNG-REQ

40) MIP REG REQ

41) MIP REG RSP

44) MIP REG REQ

T-ACR

2) LU Request 3) LU Request

5) LU Response 4) LU Response

11) LU Confirm

14) LU Confirm

12) PC_relocation_Ind

13) PC_relocation_Ack

15) Relocation Notify

38) Anchor DPF HO Trigger

16) Relocation Notify Ack

39) Anchor DPF HO Request

17) MS Paging Announce

20) Exit MS State Change Request

19) RNG-REQ

)

MOB

PAG-ADV

28) RNG-RSP

(0b10 Enter Net.) (Event Code 0x01)

23) IM Exit State

21) IM Exit State Change Req

22) IM Exit State Change Rsp

24) Path Reg Request

33) Path Reg Ack

27) Path Reg Response

26) Path Reg Response

25) Path Reg Request

37) Context Ack

36) Context Report (to DPF)

35) Re-authentication

In PMIP case

42) Agent Advertisement

43) MIP REG REQ

45) MIP REG RSP

46) CMIP REG RSP

47) Anchor DPF HO Response

48) ACR/AAA/HA Resource release action

6) RNG-RSP

7) CMAC_Key_Count_Update

10) CMAC_Key_Count_update_Ack

MS T-RAS

Change Response

8) CMAC_Key_Count_Update

9) CMAC_Key_Count_update_Ack

29) CMAC_Key_Count_Update

32) CMAC_Key_Count_Update_Ack

30) CMAC_Key_Count_Update

31) CMAC_Key_Count_Update_Ack

34) Path Reg Ack

In CMIP case

Mobile WiMAX RAS SPI-2213 System Description/Ed.02

Classification Description

(1)~(2) If the paging group is changed, the MS transmits the RNG-REQ message including

the MAC address, the Location Update Request and the Paging Controller ID to a

new T-RAS (Target RAS). The T-RAS transmits the Location Update Request

message including the Paging Controller ID to its own default ACR.

(3)~(5) When the received Paging Controller ID does not belong to the Target ACR

(T-ACR), the T-ACR transmits the Location Update Request message of which

the APC Relocation Destination is set as its own Paging Controller ID to the

previous Serving ACR (S-ACR) via the R4 interface to change the Paging

Controller. The S-ACR responds by using the Location Update Response

message including the information on whether to allow the Paging Controller

Relocation and the Context information of the corresponding MS.

(6) When the T-RAS receives the Location Update Response message, it sets as

‘LU Response=Success’, transmits the RNG-RSP message to the MS, and

checks if the paging controller is changed into the T-ACR by transmitting the LU

Confirm message.

(7)~(10) The T-RAS notifies the new CMAC_KEY_COUNT value updated by the MS to

the S-ACR, which is an authenticator.

(11) The LU Confirm message is sent to confirm that the T-ACR is now the paging

controller.

(12)~(14) The T-ACR, after Location Update Confirm, notifies the FA and the Authenticator

which are still located in the S-ACR of that the Paging Controller has been

changed.

(15) The T-ACR requests the FA Relocation for the MS to the S-ACR.

(16)~(18) The S-ACR which receives the request of the FA/DPF Relocation from the

T-ACR allows the relocation in the T-ACR, then, the T-ACR/RAS requests paging

to the corresponding MS to trigger the relocation.

(19)~(34) The MS which receives the MOB_PAG-ADV message performs the QCS which

is the Network Re-Entry procedure with the network.

(35)~(37) This is the procedure to relocate the Authenticator from the S-ACR to the T-ACR,

the T-ACR triggers in order that the MS performs the EAP authentication

procedure with the AAA server, and notifies the S-ACR of the authentication

result, then completes the Authenticator Relocation procedure.

(38)~(39) The T-ACR requests the Anchor DPF Relocation for the MS to the S-ACR.

(40)~(41) If the MS uses the PMIP, the T-ACR instead of the MS registers the MIP to the

HA.

(42)~(46) If the MS uses the CMIP, the ACR operates only as the FA, and the MS registers

the MIP in the HA directly.

(47)~(48) When the anchor DPF relocation is completed successfully, S-ACR releases the

existing connection with AAA and HA.

CHAPTER 4. Message Flow

Figure 4.9 Inter-ACR Location Update Procedure (Simple IP Case)

1) RNG-REQ 2) LU Request 3) LU Request

5) LU Response 4) LU Response

7) LU Confirm 8) LU Confirm

10) IM Exit MS State Change Request

9) RNG-REQ

14) RNG-RSP

11) IM Exit State Change Req

12) IM Exit State Change Rsp

6) RNG-RSP

13) IM Exit MS State Change Response

20) Authentication & Key Exchange

18) SBC-RSP

21) REG-REQ

24) REG-RSP

27) DSA-REQ

28) DSA-RSP

31) DSA-ACK

19) MS_PreAttachment_Ack

22) MS_Attachment_Req

23) MS_Attachment_Rsp

25) MS_Attachment_Ack

29) Path Registration Response

26) Path Registration Request

30) Path Registration Ack

16) MS_PreAttachment_Req

17) MS_PreAttachment_Rsp

15) SBC-REQ

32) DHCP Discover

35) DHCP Offer

36) DHCP Request

39) DHCP Ack

33) DHCP Discover

34) DHCP Offer

37) DHCP Request

38) DHCP Ack

40) Diameter: ACR, RADIUS: Accounting Request

41) Diameter: ACA, RADIUS: Accounting Response

S-ACR AAA DHCP Server

T-ACRMS T-RAS

Mobile WiMAX RAS SPI-2213 System Description/Ed.02

Classification Description

(1)~(2) At this time, the procedure is different depending on whether the MIP-based

CMIP/PMIP method or the simple IP method is used. When the paging group is

changed, the MS sends the new T-RAS (Target RAS) an RNG-REQ message

including the MAC address, Location Update Request and Paging Controller ID

in order to request a location update. The T-RAS sends its default ACR a

Location Update Request message including the Paging Controller ID.

(3)~(5) If the received Paging Controller ID does not belong to the T-ACR (Target ACR),

it sends a Location Update Request message to the S-ACR (Serving ACR)

through the R4 interface in order to change the paging controller. At this point,

the APC Relocation Destination of the Location Update Request message is set

to the Paging Controller ID of the T-ACR. The S-ACR responds with a Location

Update Response message including confirmation of whether the paging

controller relocation is allowed or not and the Context information for the MS.

(6) When the T-RAS receives the Location Update Response message, it sends the

MS an RNG-RSP message with 'LU Response' set to 'Fail'.

(7)~(8) The LU Confirm message is sent to notify that the paging controller is maintained

in the S-ACR.

(9)~(14) The MS performs idle mode exit with the S-ACR, and the S-ACR induces full

network re-entry in the MS.

(15)~(31) The MS performs network re-entry with the T-ACR

(32)~(39) This is the procedure that allocates an IP address to the MS that uses the simple

IP method. When the DHCP procedure is requested to allocate an IP address to

the MS, the ACR receives a simple IP address from the DHCP server and sends

it to the MS (DHCP Relay Agent mode).

(40)~(41) The T-ACR notifies the AAA server that accounting has begun for the service

flow newly generated in the network entry. When the Diameter protocol is used, it

is notified that accounting has begun for the service flow using the ACR/ACA

message. When the RADIUS protocol is used, the Accounting

Request/Accounting Response message is used.

Inter-ASN Location Update

The Inter-ASN location update procedure is the same with the Inter-ACR location update

procedure.

CHAPTER 4. Message Flow

4.1.5 Paging

Paging can be classified into the following two types.

y The RAS broadcasts the MOB_PAG-ADV message periodically and notifies the MS

of the corresponding paging group. The MS is changed into the Idle Mode and checks

if the paging group of the MS is changed by checking the MOB_PAG-ADV message

periodically based on the paging information (Paging Cycle, Paging Offset, PGID)

received from the system.

y If the traffic to be transmitted to the Idle Mode MS exists in the ACR, the ACR

triggers the MOB_PAG-ADV message to the RAS to change the corresponding MS

into the Awake Mode.

The following figure is the procedure to perform paging on the Idle Mode MS.

Figure 4.10 Paging Procedure

Classification Description

(1)~(2) When receiving the packet to be transmitted to the specific MS, the ACR

transmits the MS Paging Announce message including the MAC address, the

Paging Group ID and the Action Code (0x10) of the MS when the corresponding

MS is the Idle Mode to the RAS. The RAS transmits the MOB_PAG-ADV

message including the information received from the ACR to the MS.

After this, the MS performs the QCS procedure with the network. For the information on

the QCS procedure, see the procedure of ‘Idle Mode Æ Awake Mode’ in ‘4.1.3’.

MS RAS ACR

1) MS Paging Announcement

2) MOB PAG-ADV

QCS

Incoming traffic

Mobile WiMAX RAS SPI-2213 System Description/Ed.02

4.1.6 Handover

Inter-RAS Handover

The following is the inter-RAS handover procedure.

Figure 4.11 Inter-RAS Handover Procedure

25) Path Reg Response

24) Path Reg Request

21) Path Reg Ack

MS S-RAS T-RAS1 T-RAS2

1) MOB-MSHO-REQ

ACR

2) HO-Request 3) HO-Request

4) HO-Response

5) HO-Response

7) HO-Ack

9) MOB-HO-IND

10) HO-Confirm

14) Context-Request

15) Context-Report

12) HO-Ack 13) HO-Ack

23) RNG-REQ

26) RNG-RSP

31) MAC PDU with SN Report Header (Opt.) or BW Request with 0 (Opt.)

32) HO-Complete 33) HO-Complete

36) Path De-Reg Request

37) Path De-Reg Response

6) MOB-BSHO-RSP

8) HO-Ack

11) HO-Confirm

16) Path Pre-Reg Request

20) Path Reg Response

17) Path Pre-Reg Response

18) Path Pre-Reg Ack

27) Path De-Reg Request

(For Data Integrity)

30) Path De-Reg Response

28) Path De-Reg Request

29) Path De-Reg Response

22) Fast Ranging IE ()

34) CMAC_KEY_COUNT Update

35) CMAC_KEY_COUNT Update Ack

38) Path De-Reg Ack

19) Path Reg Request (For Data Integrity)

CHAPTER 4. Message Flow

Classification Description

(1)~(3) The MS transmits the MOB_MSHO-REQ message including the Neighbor BS

(RAS) ID and the parameter related to handover to the current Serving RAS

(S-RAS) to request handover. The S-RAS transmits the HO-Request message

including the received MOB_MSHO-REQ parameter and the context information to

the ACR, and the ACR forwards the HO-Request message to the Target RAS

(T-RAS).

(4)~(8) The T-RAS transmits the HO-Response message including its own capability

information to the ACR, and the S-RAS transmits the MOB_BSHO-RSP message

including the Recommended Neighbor BS-IDs, the HO-ID and the parameter result

value to the MS.

(9)~(13) The MS transmits the MOB_HO-IND message including the HO-IND Type and the

Target BS-ID to the S-RAS to notify handover finally, and the S-RAS transmits the

HO-Confirm message including the context information and the Data Integrity

information (e.g., Buffered SDU SN) of the MS to the T-RAS.

(14)~(15) The T-RAS transmits the Context-Request message to the ACR (Authenticator) to

request the AK Context information, and the ACR responds by using the Context-

Response message including the AK context information.

(16)~(21) The path pre-registration is executed to set a new data path between the ACR and

the T-RAS. In addition, a forwarding path is set to send to the T-RAS the traffics that

the S-RAS has not yet transmitted to the MS, and the traffics are sent to the T-RAS.

(22) If T-RAS allows the request of an MS, the T-RAS notifies UL_MAP IE to enable the

MS to transmit HO Ranging Request via uplink.

(23) The MS transmits to the T-RAS the RNG-REQ message that contains the MAC

address, Serving BS-ID and HO indication.

(24)~(25) The path registration procedure is executed to exchange the SF information that is

mapped with the data path created between the ACR and the T-RAS through the

steps (16)~(18).

(26) The T-RAS replies with the RNG-RSP message along with HO Optimization Flag,

CID_Update, and SA-TEK_Update.

(27)~(30) If the S-RAS transmits all the traffic to the T-RAS, the forwarding path is removed.

(31) If an MS successfully receives the RNG-RAS message, the MS transmits Bandwidth

Request (BR) MAC PDU to RAS to inform the reception of the message.

(32)~(33) The T-RAS transmits the HO-Complete message to S-RAS to notify the completion

of handover.

(34)~(35) The RAS notifies the new CMAC_KEY_COUNT value updated by MS to the ACR,

which is an authenticator.

(36)~(38) When the handover procedure is completed, the old path between the S-RAS and

the ACR is removed.

Inter-ACR Handover

Inter-ACR handover within the same ASN considers the path extension via the R6 interface.

The inter-ACR handover procedure is the same with the inter-RAS handover procedure.

Mobile WiMAX RAS SPI-2213 System Description/Ed.02

Inter-ASN Handover: ASN-Anchored Mobility

Inter-ASN handover is divided into the ASN-anchored mobility method via the R4

interface and the CSN-anchored mobility method via the R3/R4 interface. The following

figure indicates the inter-ASN handover procedure of the ASN-anchored mobility method,

the Serving ACR (S-ACR) performs the anchor function.

Figure 4.12 Inter-ASN Handover (ASN-Anchored Mobility)

The HO signaling procedure is the same with the inter-RAS handover procedure, however

in the HO signaling procedure, the procedure of exchanging the HO signaling message via

the R4 interface is added between the S-ACR and the Target ACR (T-ACR).

35) Path Reg Ack

MS S-RAS T-ACR T-RAS1 T-RAS2

1) MOB-MSHO-REQ

S-ACR

AK Context Transfer

2) HO-Request

3) HO-Request

4) HO-Request

5) HO-Response

6) HO-Response

7) HO-Response

8) MOB-BSHO-RSP

9) HO-Ack

10) HO-Ack

11) HO-Ack

12) MOB-HO-IND

13) HO-Confirm 14) HO-Confirm 15) HO-Confirm

21) Context-Request 20) Context-Request

22) Context-Report 23) Context-Report

17) HO-Ack 16) HO-Ack

18) HO-Ack

R4 Data Path Setup

25) Path Pre-Reg Request

26) Path Pre-Reg Response

29) Path Pre-Reg Ack 28) Path Pre-Reg Ack

19) Fast Ranging IE ()

30) RNG-REQ

37) RNG-RSP

38) MAC PDU with SN Report Header (Opt.) or BW Request with 0 (Opt.)

40) HO-Complete 39) HO-Complete

41) HO-Complete

46) Path De-Reg Request

47) Path De-Reg Response

42) CMAC_COUNT_UPDATE

45) CMAC_COUNT_UPDATE Ack

43) CMAC_COUNT_

UPDATE

44) CMAC_COUNT_

UPDATE Ack

32) Path Reg Request

36) Path Reg Ack

24) Path Pre-Reg Request

27) Path Pre-Reg Response

34) Path Reg Response

31) Path Reg Request

33) Path Reg Response

CHAPTER 4. Message Flow

Classification Description

(1)~(4) The MS, in order to request a handover, sends the S-RAS (Serving RAS) an

MOB_MSHO-REQ message including the neighbor BS (RAS) ID and handover-

related parameters. The S-RAS sends the ACR an HO-Request message

including the received MOB_MSHO-REQ parameters and context information.

The ACR forwards the HO-Request message to the T-RAS (Target RAS).

(5)~(11) The T-RAS sends the ACR an HO-Response message including its own

capability information. The S-RAS sends the MS an MOB_BSHO-RSP message

including the Recommended Neighbor BS-IDs, HO-ID, and parameter results.

(12)~(18) The MS, in order to notify the final execution of the handover, sends the S-RAS

an MOB_HO-IND message including the HO-IND Type and Target BS-ID.

The S-RAS sends the T-RAS an HO-Confirm message including the context

information and data integrity information (e.g., the Buffered SDU SN) of the MS.

(19)~(22) The T-RAS sends a Context-Request message to the ACR (authenticator) to

obtain the AK Context information. The ACR responds with a Context-Response

message including the AK context information.

(23)~(28) The path pre-registration procedure is performed to set up a new data path

between the ACR and T-RAS. In addition, a forwarding path to transmit the traffic

that the S-RAS has not yet transmitted to the MS is set up to the T-RAS, and is

used to send that traffic to the T-RAS.

(29) In the event that the T-RAS requests an HO for the MS, it notifies the MS of the

UL_MAP IE so that the MS can send an HO Ranging Request message via the

uplink.

(30) The MS sends the T-RAS an RNG-REQ message including the MAC address,

Serving BS-ID, and HO Indication.

(31)~(36) The Path Registration procedure is performed to exchange the service flow (SF)

information to be mapped to the data path generated between the ACR and

T-RAS in steps (23)~(28).

(37) The T-RAS responds with an RNG-RSP message including the HO Optimization

flag and the CID_Update and SA-TEK_Update information.

(38) Once it has received the RNG-RSP message successfully, the MS sends a

bandwidth request (BR) MAC PDU to the RAS to notify it.

(39)~(41) The T-RAS sends an HO-Complete message to the S-RAS to notify the handover

is completed.

(42)~(45) The RAS sends the new CMAC_KEY_COUNT updated value for the MS to the

ACR which is the authenticator.

(46)~(47) When the handover procedure is completed, the previous path, i.e. the existing

path between the S-RAS and ACR, is released.

Mobile WiMAX RAS SPI-2213 System Description/Ed.02

Inter-ASN Handover: CSN-Anchored Mobility

The following is handover of the CSN-anchored mobility method among the types of inter-

ASN handover, the anchor function is relocated from the Serving ACR (S-ACR) to the

Target ACR (T-ACR).

CSN-anchored mobility is composed of the process that Authenticator/DPF Anchor is

relocated to the target ACR after ASN-anchored mobility handover is performed.

For convenience, the case that T-ACR triggers the relocation is defined in pull mode and

the other case that S-ACR triggers is in push mode. Samsung’s Mobile WiMAX system

supports both pull mode and push mode.

The CSN-anchored mobility method follows the MIP standard, and the NWG defines the

PMIP and the CMIP for the MIP method. The first part of the CSN-anchored handover

signaling process is the same as the procedure of ASN-anchored mobility handover and the

procedure after the ASN-anchored handover is as follows:

Figure 4.13 Inter-ASN Handover (CSN-Anchored Mobility)

MS S-

(Anchor)

Inter-ASN HHO

1) Relocation Notify

2) Relocation Notify Ack

3) Relocation Request

4) Relocation Response

Pull

Model

Push

Model

10) Anchor DPF HO

11) Anchor DPF HO

12) MIP REG REQ

13) MIP REG RSP

16) MIP REG REQ

17) MIP REG RSP

14) Agent Advertisement

15) CMIP REG REQ

18) CMIP REG RSP

19) Anchor DPF HO Response

24) Diameter: STR

25) Diameter: STA

Pull Mode

5) Re-authentication

21) Registration Revocation Ack

6) Relocation Confirm

7) Relocation Confirm Ack

8) Context Report

9) Context Ack

AAA

)

r: A

RADI

: A

ccou

ntin

eques

23) Diameter: ACA/RADIUS: Accounting Response stop

PMIP Re-registration

CMIP Re-registration

20) Registration Revocation Request

T-RAS T-

CHAPTER 4. Message Flow

Classification Description

(1)~(7) This is the procedure to relocate the Authenticator from the S-ACR to the T-ACR,

the T-ACR triggers in order that the MS performs the EAP authentication

procedure with the AAA server again. The T-ACR completes the Authenticator

Relocation procedure by notifying the S-RAS of the authentication result.

(8)~(9) S_ACR sends MS context information to T_ACR.

(10)~(19) FA relocation and authenticator are triggered, and the registration of the PMIP or

the CMIP is processed.

(20)~(21) The S-ACR cancels the S-ACR registration of the MS in the HA.

(22)~(25) The S-ACR, in interoperation with the AAA server, updates the final accounting

information for the MS. If the Diameter is used as the AAA protocol, the S-ACR

performs the session release procedure from the AAA server. However, when the

RADIUS protocol is used, only the Accounting Request stop procedure and the

Accounting Response stop procedure are processed and the STR/STA

procedure is omitted.

Mobile WiMAX RAS SPI-2213 System Description/Ed.02

4.1.7 Access Termination

Access Termination (Awake Mode)

The following is the procedure that the access is terminated because the power of the

Awake Mode MS is turned off.

Figure 4.14 Access Termination (Awake Mode)

Classification Description

(1)~(3) If the power of the Awake Mode MS is turned off, the MS transmits the DREG-

REQ message including ‘Deregistration code=0’ to the RAS, and the RAS notifies

the ACR of this.

(4) ACR release the MIP related information with HA.

(5)~(6) The ACR notifies the RAS of the result of power down processing, and release

the data path.

(7)~(10) The S-ACR updates the information on interworking with the AAA server and the

final accounting information of MS. Diameter is applied to AAA protocol, S-ACR

performs the session termination procedure. However, when the RADIUS

protocol is used, only the Accounting Request stop and Accounting Response

stop operations are performed, and the STR/STA procedure is omitted.

1) DREG-REQ

(ReqCode: 0)

3) Path Deregistration Request

2) DREG-CMD

(ActionCode: 4)

(Power Down Indication)

5) Path Deregistration Response

6) Path Deregistration Ack

9) Diameter: STR

10) Diameter: STA

4) MIP release

7) Diameter: ACR/RADIUS: Accounting Request

8) Diameter: ACA/RADIUS: Accounting Response

MS RAS ACR AAA HA

CHAPTER 4. Message Flow

Access Termination (Idle Mode)

The following is the procedure that the access is terminated because the power of the Idle

Mode MS is turned off.

Figure 4.15 Access Termination (Idle Mode)

Classification Description

(1)~(5) If the power of the Idle Mode MS is turned off, the MS transmits the RNG-REQ

message including the Power Down Indicator to the RAS, and the RAS notifies

the ACR of this. The ACR deletes the information of the MS.

(6) ACR release the MIP related information with HA.

(7)~(8) Diameter is applied to AAA protocol, S-ACR performs the session termination

procedure. However, when the RADIUS protocol is used, only the Accounting

Request stop and Accounting Response stop operations are performed, instead

of the STR/STA process.

MS RAS ACR

1) RNG-REQ

(Location Update Request, Paging Controller ID) 2) LU Request

4) RNG-RSP

(Location Update Response)

3) LU Response

5) LU Confirm

AAA HA

6) MIP release

7) Diameter: STR/RADIUS: Accounting Request stop

8) Diameter: STA/RADIUS: Accounting Response stop

Mobile WiMAX RAS SPI-2213 System Description/Ed.02

4.2 Network Synchronization Message Flow

The SPI-2213 uses GPS for the system synchronization. The UCCM of the MMA-G, which

is the GPS reception module, creates the clock with the clock information received from a

GPS and then distributes the clock to each hardware module in the SPI-2213.

Clock information required by the RRH is sent from the MRA-F through ‘Digital I/Q and

C & M’, and the RRH recovers clock information from the signals to create necessary

clocks.0

Figure 4.16 Network Synchronization Flow of SPI-2213

MMA-G(UCCM)

MBB-F

D A

CCC

BBB

1Port

(0)

(1)

(2)

System Clock (56 MHz)

61.44 MHz

PP2S

40.96 S

80 msec

TDD signal

Digital I/Q and C & M

Analog 10 MHz

CHAPTER 4. Message Flow

4.3 Alarm Signal Flow

The detection of failures in the SPI-2213 can be implemented by hardware interrupt or

software polling method. The failures generated in the SPI-2213 are reported to the

management system via the SNMP trap message.

Failure Alarm Types

y System Failure Alarms

Time Sync Fail, Fan Fail, Temperature High, etc.

y Board Failure Alarms

− Hardware Failure Alarms: FUNCTION FAIL, BOARD DELETION, etc.

− Software Failure Alarms: COMMUNICATION FAIL, PORT DOWN, CPU

OVERLOAD, etc.

y RRH Failure Alarms

LOW GAIN, OVER POWER, VSWR FAIL, PLL UNLOCK, RRH INTERFACE

FAIL etc.

y UDA

6 alarm input ports are supported for the rectifier alarm. Main AC Fail, Rectifier Fail,

Battery Fail, Cabinet Fan Fail, Heater Fail, Environment Alarm

Failure Report Message Flow

The main OAM (UFM) collects the failures detected from each board and UDA interface

of the SPI-2213 and notifies them to the management system. At this time, it only reports

the upper failure information by using the failure filtering function. If it receives the

command to inhibit the report for a specific failure or all system failures from the

management system, it does not report the failure report.

The flows for the failure detection and the report message are as shown in the figures below:

Figure 4.17 Alarm Signal Flow of SPI-2213

SPI-2213 SPI-2213

WSM

(SNMP Manage)

MMA-G

MRA-F

#0~5

MEI-B

RRH

#0~2

Alarm detection

Alarm filtering

Alarm Report

(SNMP trap)

Alarm detection

Alarm filtering

Alarm Report

(SNMP trap)

MMA-G

MRA-F

#0~5

MEI-B

RRH

#0~2

Mobile WiMAX RAS SPI-2213 System Description/Ed.02

Figure 4.18 Alarm and Control Structure of SPI-2213

MBB-F

(0)

(1)

(2)

MMA-G

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

UDA

Function Fail/DEL

Reset

Function Fail/DEL/Reset

Fan fail/High Temp.

CHAPTER 4. Message Flow

4.4 Loading Message Flow

Loading is the procedure to download the software execution files and the data from the IS,

which are required to perform each function of each processor and each device of the SPI-

2213. Loading the SPI-2213 is performed in the procedure of initializing the system.

In addition, if a specific board is mounted on the system or the hardware is reset, or if the

operator of the upper management system reboots a specific board, loading is performed.

Loading is classified into two types, one is loading by using its own non-volatile storage

and the other is loading by using the remote IS. When the system is initialized for the first

time, the SPI-2213 receives the loading by using the remote IS, and after this, saves the

corresponding information in the internal storage, and backs up the recent information

periodically, and then it is available to avoid unnecessary loading. After the first

initialization, if the information saved in its own storage is the recent information by

comparing the version, the SPI-2213 does not receive the remote loading.

The loaded information includes the software image which is configured with the execution

file and the script file, the configuration information, the PLD related to the operation

parameter and various configuration files. Among them, all the information required for the

static routing function of the SPI-2213 is saved in its own storage as the startup configure

file format, and provides the information required at the time of the initialization.

Loading Procedure

To perform the loading procedure when initializing the SPI-2213, the loader performs the

followings first. (Pre-loading)

y Boot-up

The booter of the Flash ROM loads the kernel and the Root File System (RFS) from

the flash ROM to the RAM Disk, and performs the kernel.

The DPSA, which uses the Intel CPU, loads the kernel and the RFS from the Disk On

Chip (DOC) to the RAM Disk via ROM BIOS booting and performs the kernel.

y IP configuration

The IP address information is acquired from the flash ROM and is set to communicate

with the first upper management system.

y Registration

The NE is registered to the RS, and the IP address of the IS is acquired during the

registration.

y Version Comparison

The version of the software image and the version of the PLD saved in the remote IS

and in the internal storage are compared, and the location where to perform loading is

determined from that.

y File List Download

The list of the files to be loaded is downloaded for each board.

Mobile WiMAX RAS SPI-2213 System Description/Ed.02

Loading Message Flow

After performing the pre-loading procedure, if the method of loading is determined, the

Main OAM (ULM) of the MMA-G which performs the operation and the maintenance of

the entire SPI-2213 performs loading by using the FTP/SFTP to the corresponding IS

(remote ID or its own storage). Then, the Main OAM (ULM) becomes the internal image

server for the lower board and performs the loading procedure.

The information on the software loaded in the SPI-2213 can be checked in the upper

management system.

The loading message flow is as the following figure:

Figure 4.19 Loading Message Flow

SPI-2213

MRA-F

MMA-G

SPI-2213

MRA-F

MMA-G

• • • •

WSM (RS/IS)

Registration

Image Loading

RS/IS

Registration

Image Loading

RS/IS

Non-volatile

Storage

Non-volatile

Storage

CHAPTER 4. Message Flow

• • • •

WSM

(SNMP Manager)

Web-EMT

(HTTP Client)/IMISH

MRA-F

MMA-G

HTTP Server

SNMP

CLIM

SNMP get/set/get_next/get_bulk, SNMP trap

HTTP message (command/response)

CLI Command

Statistical Data

SPI-2213

4.5 Operation and Maintenance Message Flow

An operator can check and change the status of the SPI-2213 by means of the management

system. To this end, the SPI-2213 provides the SNMP agent function. The function enables

the WSM operator to perform the operation and maintenance function of the SPI-2213 at

remote site by using the SNMP.

In addition, the operator can perform Web-EMT based maintenance function by using a

Web browser in a console terminal or IMISH based maintenance function by using the SSH

connection. However, grow/degrow, paging information change and neighbor list change

functions are only available on WSM.

The statistical information provided by the SPI-2213 are provided to the operator according

to collection period and the real-time monitoring function for a specific statistical item

specified by the operator is, also, provided.

Operation and Maintenance Message Flow

The operation and maintenance of the SPI-2213 is carried out via the SNMP get/get_next/

get_bulk/set/trap message between the SNMP agent on the main OAM and the SNMP

manager of the WSM. The SPI-2213 deals with various operation and maintenance messages

received from the SNMP manager of the management system, transfers the results and

reports the events, such as failure generation or status change, in real time as applicable.

The statistical information is provided as statistical file format in unit of BI and the

collection period can be specified as one of 15, 30 and 60 minutes.

The OAM signal flow is as shown in the figure below:

Figure 4.20 Operation and Maintenance Signal Flow

Mobile WiMAX RAS SPI-2213 System Description

CHAPTER 5. Additional Functions

and Tools

5.1 RET

The SPI-2213 can support the RET function by connecting an antenna with an AISG 2.0

interface and an RRH with an AISG 2.0 interface.

To provide the RET function, the SPI-2213 sends and receives control messages to and from

the WSM through the RET controller within the RRH (AISG2.0 interface), MRA-F (Digital

I/Q and C & M: Optic) and RET controller of MMA-G. By using this path, the WSM can

carry out the RET function that controls the antenna tilting angle remotely.

In addition, for the RET operation, the RRH provides power to every antenna connected to it.

Figure 5.1 RET Interface

MMA-G

WSM

(SNMP Manager)

MRA-F #0

MRA-F #1

MRA-F #5

RET Relay

RRH#0

RRH#1

RRH#2

Digital I/Q

and C & M

Antenna (RET Motor)

ntenna (AISG interface)

RS-485

and

Power

SPI-2213

RET Relay

RET

Controlle

CHAPTER 5. Additional Functions and Tools

5.2 Web-EMT

The Web-EMT is a type of GUI-based consol terminals and the tool to access the SPI-2213

directly, monitor the device status and perform operation and maintenance.

An operator can execute the Web-EMT only with Internet Explorer and the installation of

additional software is not necessary. In addition, GUI is provided in HTTPs protocol type

internally.

Figure 5.2 Web-EMT Interface

The Web-EMT enables the operator to restart the SPI-2213 or internal boards, inquire/set

configuration and operation parameters, carry out status and failure monitoring and

perform the diagnosis function. However, the functions for resource grow/degrow or the

changes of the operation information concerned with neighbor list are only available on the

WSM managing the entire network and the loading image.

SPI-2213

MRA-F

SPI-2213

MRA-F

• • •

Web-EMT

MMA-G MMA-G

HTTP Server HTTP Server

HTTP message HTTP message

OAM command/response OAM command/response

Mobile WiMAX RAS SPI-2213 System Description

ABBREVIATION

AAA Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting

ACR Access Control Router

ADC Analog to Digital Conversion

AGC Automatic Gain Control

AISG Antenna Interface Standards Group

AMC Adaptive Modulation and Coding

API Application Programming Interface

ARQ Automatic Repeat request

ASN Access Service Network

BI Bucket Interval

BP Board Processor

C & M Control & Management

CAC Call Admission Control

CC Call Control

CID Connection Identifier

CLEI Common Language Equipment Identifier

CLIM Command Line Interface Management

CLLI Common Language Location Identifier

CMIP Client Mobile IP

CoS Class of Service

CSN Connectivity Service Network

CTC Convolutional Turbo Code

DAM Diameter AAA Management

DCD Downlink Channel Descriptor

DD Device Driver

DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol

DL Downlink

DL-MAP Downlink-MAP

ABBREVIATION

DMB Digital Main Block

DPM-FI DC Power Module-Flexible Indoor

DST Daylight Saving Time

E/O Electrical to Optic

EAP Extensible Authentication Protocol

EMI Electro-Magnetic Interference

EMI EMS Interface

EMS Element Management System

FA Foreign Agent

FA Frequency Allocation

FAN-FD48 FAN-Flexible Digital unit -48 VDC

FE Fast Ethernet

FEC Forward Error Correction

FFT Fast Fourier Transform

FRP Frequency Reuse Pattern

GBIC Gigabit Interface Converter

GE Gigabit Ethernet

GPS Global Positioning System

GPSR GPS Receiver

GRE Generic Routing Encryption

GUI Graphical User Interface

HA Home Agent

H-ARQ Hybrid-Automatic Repeat request

HO Handover

HTTPs Hypertext Transfer Protocol over SSL

IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers

IMISH Integrated Management Interface Shell

IP Internet Protocol

IPRS IP Routing Software

IS Image Server

Mobile WiMAX RAS SPI-2213 System Description/Ed.02

MAC Medium Access Control

MBB-F Mobile WiMAX base station Backplane Board-Flexible

MEI-B Mobile WiMAX base station External Interface board assembly-Basic

MIMO Multiple Input Multiple Output

MIP Mobile IP

MLPPP Multi Link Point to Point Protocol

MMA-G Mobile WiMAX base station Main control board Assembly-General

MRA-F Mobile WiMAX base station RAS board Assembly-Flexible

MS Mobile Station

MW Middleware

NE Network Element

NP Network Processor

NPS Network Processor Software

NWG Network Working Group

O/E Optic to Electrical

OAGS Common SNMP Agent Subagent

OAM Operation And Maintenance

OCM Common Configuration Management

OER Common Event Router

OFDMA Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access

OPM Common Performance Management

OS Operating System

OSSM Common Subscription Service Management

PBA Panel Board Assembly

PCB Printed Circuit Board

PCRF Policy & Charging Rules Function

PDU Protocol Data Unit

PF Proportional Fair

PGID Paging Cycle, Paging Offset

PHY Physical Layer

PLD Programmable Loading Data

PMIP Proxy Mobile IP

PP2S Pulse Per 2 Seconds

PPP Point to Point Protocol

ABBREVIATION

QAM Quadrature Amplifier Modulation

QCS Quick Connection Setup

QoS Quality of Service

RAS Radio Access Station

RDM RAS Diagnosis Management

RFS Root File System

ROHC Robust Header Compression

RRC RAS Resource Controller

RRH Mobile WiMAX base station Remote Radio Head

RS Registration Server

RSC RAS Service Controller

RSSI Received Signal Strength Indicator

RTC RAS Traffic Controller

SAE System Architecture Evolution

SBC Subscriber Station Basic Capacity

SDU Service Data Unit

SFF Small Form Factor Fixed

SFP Small Form Factor Pluggable

SFTP Secure File Transfer Protocol

SMFS-F-C Samsung Mobile WiMAX U-RAS Flexible Shelf assembly-Center mount

SMFS-F-F Samsung Mobile WiMAX U-RAS Flexible Shelf assembly-Front mount

SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol

SNMPD SNMP Daemon

SSH Secure Shell

SSL Secure Sockets Layer

TCA Threshold Cross Alert

TDD Time Division Duplex

UCCM Universal Core Clock Module

UCD Uplink Channel Descriptor

UDA User Defined Alarm

UDE User Define Ethernet

UDP User Datagram Protocol

UFM Common Fault Management

UL Uplink

UL-MAP Uplink-MAP

ULM Universal Loading Management

Mobile WiMAX RAS SPI-2213 System Description/Ed.02

VIF Virtual Interface

VLAN Virtual Local Area Network

Web-EMT Web-based Element Maintenance Terminal

WLAN Wireless Local Area Network

WSM Mobile WiMAX System Manager

ABBREVIATION

This page is intentionally left blank.

Mobile WiMAX RAS SPI-2213 System Description

INDEX

AAA server.................................... 1-5

Access Termination .................... 4-19

ACR .....................................1-5, 2-16

Alarm ...................................3-5, 4-22

Altitude........................................ 2-12

ARQ .............................................. 2-7

ASN-GW ....................................... 1-2

Authentication......................2-10, 4-4

Awake Mode........................4-7, 4-19

Backboard..................................... 3-5

BI ................................................4-26

Board OAM................................. 3-20

Boot-up ....................................... 4-24

BS ................................................. 1-2

CAC ..............................................2-7

Call processing ......................2-6, 4-1

Call Trace.................................... 2-10

Capacity...................................... 2-11

overview..............................3-16, 3-17

structure.......................................3-17

Channel Bandwidth .................... 2-11

Channel Card ............................. 2-11

CID................................................ 2-6

CLIM ........................................... 3-24

Clock....................................3-5, 4-21

Collaborative SM .......................... 2-6

Console Terminal.......................... 2-9

Contention Based Bandwidth

Request ........................................ 2-4

Cooling Structure ........................ 3-13

CSM.............................................. 2-3

Decoding ...................................... 2-4

Demodulation ............................... 2-4

Device Driver .............................. 3-15

DL/UL MAP................................... 2-5

DMB.............................................. 3-4

DPM-FI ....................................... 3-11

configuration.................................. 3-1

cooling structure .......................... 3-13

external interface......................... 3-14

overview ........................................ 2-2

Dual Stack .................................... 2-8

EMI ............................................. 3-20

Encoding....................................... 2-4

Environmental Alarm .................. 2-13

Environmental Condition ............ 2-12

Ethernet CoS ................................ 2-9

Ethernet interface ................2-18, 3-5

INDEX

FAN-FD48...................................3-13

FFT ............................................. 2-11

FRP...............................................2-3

GPSR..........................................2-13

HA.................................................1-5

Handover

message flow .............................. 4-15

overview ................................. 1-7, 2-6

H-ARQ ..........................................2-5

Holdover .......................................3-6

Humidity Condition......................2-12

Idle Mode ..................... 2-6, 4-7, 4-20

IMISH..........................................2-10

Initial Access .................................4-1

Input Power................................. 2-11

Input Voltage............................... 2-11

Interface......................................2-16

IP QoS ..........................................2-8

IP Routing .....................................2-8

IPRS............................................3-16

IS.................................................4-24

Link aggregation .........................2-18

Loader.........................................3-27

Loading ..............................4-24, 4-25

Location update ..........................4-10

Loopback Test...............................2-3

MAC ARQ ..................................... 2-7

Main OAM...................................3-20

Matrix A......................................... 2-5

Matrix B......................................... 2-5

MBB-F...........................................3-5

MEI-B

detailed information........................3-7

overview.........................................3-5

Middleware ................................. 3-15

MIMO .....................................2-5, 3-5

external interface..........................3-14

MMA-G

detailed information........................3-6

overview.........................................3-5

Mobile communication.................. 1-1

Mobile WiMAX

network ..........................................1-4

standard .........................................1-2

system function ..............................1-6

Modulation .................................... 2-4

MRA-F

detailed information........................3-7

overview.........................................3-5

MS ..............................................2-16

NAT...............................................2-8

Network Synchronization............4-21

Noise...........................................2-12

NPS ............................................3-16

OAGS .........................................3-22

OAM

interface .......................................3-20

overview............................. 3-16, 3-19

structure .......................................3-19

Mobile WiMAX RAS SPI-2213 System Description/Ed.02

OCM ........................................... 3-33

OER ............................................ 3-32

OEV ............................................3-32

OFDMA.......................... 2-2, 2-4, 3-5

Operation and Maintenance ....... 4-26

OPM............................................ 3-30

OS............................................... 3-15

OSSM ......................................... 3-31

Output ......................................... 2-11

Paging......................................... 4-14

PAM ............................................ 3-25

PCRF server................................. 1-5

Power Control...................... 2-5, 2-11

Power Structure .......................... 3-12

Pre-loading ........................3-27, 4-24

Protocol Stack.............................2-17

QAM symbol ................................. 2-5

QCS .............................................. 4-9

QoS........................................2-7, 2-8

R1 interface ................................ 2-17

R6 interface ................................ 2-17

Ranging ........................................ 2-4

RAS .............................................. 1-4

RDM............................................ 3-34

Remote Firmware Downloading ... 2-3

RET............................................... 5-1

RF Band...................................... 2-11

RF Specification.......................... 2-13

RRC ............................................ 3-17

RRH

alarm ........................................... 4-22

configuration.................................. 3-2

cooling structure .......................... 3-13

main function ................................. 3-7

network configuration .................... 3-9

overview ........................................ 2-2

RRH-1

external interface......................... 3-14

network configuration ........... 3-9, 3-10

RRH-2

overview ........................................ 3-8

RSC ...................................3-17, 3-18

RTC ...................................3-17, 3-18

Sleep Mode

status...................................... 2-6, 4-8

SM .........................................2-3, 2-5

SMFS-F ...................................... 2-14

SNMP agent ............................... 4-26

SNMP manager .......................... 4-26

SNMPD....................................... 3-21

Software Upgrade....................... 2-10

SPI-2213

configuration....................... 2-14, 2-15

interface.............................. 2-16, 3-14

internal configuration ..................... 3-3

introduction.................................... 2-1

software....................................... 3-15

Status Change .............................. 4-7

STC........................................2-3, 2-5

Subchannelization ........................ 2-5

Temperature Condition ............... 2-12

INDEX

UCCM ..................................3-6, 4-21

UDA ..............................................3-5

UDE ..............................................3-5

UFM ............................................3-26

ULM ............................................3-28

Uplink Timing Synchronization .....2-4

Vibration......................................2-12

VLAN.............................................2-9

Web-EMT..................... 2-10, 3-6, 5-2

WebEMT..................................... 3-23

WLAN ...........................................1-1

WSM ...........................1-5, 2-16, 4-26

MPE Information

Warning: Exposure to Radio Frequency Radiation The radiated output power

of this device is far below the FCC radio frequency exposure limits.

Nevertheless, the device should be used in such a manner that the potential

for human contact during normal operation is minimized. In order to avoid

the possibility of exceeding the FCC radio frequency exposure limits, human

proximity to the antenna should not be less than 150cm during normal

operation. The gain of the antenna is 17 dBi. The antenna(s) used for this

transmitter must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any other

antenna or transmitter.

Mobile WiMAX RAS SPI-2213

System Description

Information in this manual is proprietary to SAMSUNG

Electronics Co., Ltd.

No information contained here may be copied, translated,

transcribed or duplicated by any form without the prior written

consent of SAMSUNG.

Information in this manual is subject to change without notice.

Samsung Electronics Co SPI-22132825WB Mobile WiMAX Outdoor RAS User Manual ATT E

Samsung Electronics Co Ltd Mobile WiMAX Outdoor RAS ATT E

User Manual

Navigation menu

Namespaces

Views

Navigation