Satel SATELLINE-3AS User Manual 8

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Document ID	61439
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Document Description	8
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Document Type	User Manual
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Filesize	95.55kB (1194434 bits)
Date Submitted	1999-10-01 00:00:00
Date Available	2004-04-12 00:00:00
Creation Date	2001-05-21 10:00:53
Producing Software	Acrobat Distiller 4.0 for Windows
Document Lastmod	2001-05-21 10:00:54
Document Title	8

tfi SATE L
§“11
$131
Salelline 0 Radio Modems l IAS
, , , , N t , , ,,
lmxil 3AS I 5A$ t
, ,l , J
High fiSpeed UHF Radio Modem with
Developed Data Transfer Characteristics
SATELLINE-3AS is a half—duplex radio mo~
dem suitable for a variety of data transfer
applications/ in particular ones demanding
high speed and precision. In addition to the
maximum data speed of 792 kbps and chan~
nel spacings 25 kHz or 7235 kHz, it offers a
number of features and functions that are
highly useful in the installation stage as well
as in routine operation,
The SATEtUNEfiAS software includes a
selectable error correction, which improves
the functioning of the radio modem under in-
terferencei
SATELHNEGAS is compatible with the in-
terface types RS-232, RS-422 and RS-485,
The software of the radio modem can be up-
dated through the interface from a PC, with—
out changing the hardware,
The Model SATELUNE—BASd is equipped
with a LCD display of its own, which facili»
totes programming of the radio modem,
HES
The “11min!Hixlitidfliuhik‘tlk‘il1nd
him] and dnm cumnmnnnnmh mi~
“in-k u\i\|i‘1l~ii|clhlun\ nlumlmw
(ms ulnmll] On ihu wtliu‘l himJ‘ vhc
M'rrngc qzc «via mmmummmm m,
mu I\m1‘tTJ~HWQ ind! rupimw m
rhwu ItmiLCK icinkmm n ihc
SATELLINE AS, rho hm vauhu mm»
Al?!“ Imm Smul “uh ,\ mm qwml at
[0.1 Hun m u rln .\1|.Thc iLvm spvul
ut (hr RS mmlnw 1~ x‘lCLLili‘lL‘ hv
mm-n 300. AN 400 hp.
Thu SAThLLINl-JNS ”luv ~m~
mi m opuum mm in the w m
the radio modem. Fur ilh' hm nine,
rhcru ls n hmlmn |Lmixuiu (umr‘nf
Il‘lllfl' wnh rhrkulumhlu Am In'
1. Rfi—ill and RS~
(enacts, lin‘ R51
455
A xpucml Mink-1p!lhchnlmnm»
‘ATELLINE SASJ. In
Jcm, the
mimppul mm 3. J ”Hum. “high
”mm“ n“ uwl‘ mlh “mi ncm
mum! Innumih The ilhplin um hp
“Mimi m rhc Sump think" my mum—
ylu durum iiiL‘ unplmncnmtiitn xriuc.
Thimh (it ”w AWL“ u n Immhlu m
(lidnufi(IWK‘\C[HP\H|7(|1Ul'inh‘l‘thClH
m rhc tuhl unhimi Hung an cvitlim]
mnmni. h um len in “ml tur mp
mg lhc «in nhn ni llk‘ who cunm‘u
mm Iwnwcn rln' mvnnm
Support from your radio
modem supplier
sum pm“ 3 nm unh mi- mmx
“um111mm“:unixmmiw
Jm mudunh hur rvlw micnm c «and
mummil knimlmluv ut rhm mph“—
mm
mum m.“ n“ “uni—Ann“ m
wur pmhlun iind ihc cwntiuumnun ul
[INE
19m anus
Em;
A Nuclcw J \"i Unnmumcimum sulllr
1mm lilU Sun-l iipl‘llLJHUIh uxpura
hxmhumr WI” help
mu all rho um thmnuh rhc pm|uui
1va Mull 1011111
Thi- inxhllliltlnn ind mump on A
FATELUN}; tAS lwsud Jilin (ummth
um mum sixrk‘m i) am Aml mumht»
tunuuiL
$4th 0\ n iv Fxmwh chrmmm
mi! rcluinmnumcnnum (umpnm
rhAt “mum in “ ”111m Ln“. aim»
lnulnuilmnx It iii-“gm: innuuhutuim
mil mArLL‘b rndm mndunh tm duh]
mmmiinimrmm "nti Aldrn] rmmtcr
“my“, Tm mm mm“ gl‘nul‘s mchuic
miiuxmu] uimrdnlcx, puhhc nn‘ganlsm
mm Ami pnmlc pmnn.
5m h A 1mm swim ”mum
mndcmx m Emmy: Tm» Sun-1 mm
mmhnyx An (”70 Approval m must
Eumruun mum“ and gin-“m,
IMPORTANT NOTICE
This manual is copyrighted by SATEL with all rights reserved. SATEL is an abbreviation for SATEL
OY. OY is an abbreviation for shareholders company according to Finnish law. No part of this
publication may be reproduced, transmitted, transcribed, stored on a retrieval system or
translated into any other language or computer language, in whole or part, in any form or by
means, whether it be electronic, mechanical, magnetic, optical, manual or otherwise without the
prior written consent of SATEL,
SATEL reserves the right to make changes to its products or to discontinue any product or service
without notice, and advises its customers to obtain the latest information available to verify that
the information relied on is current.
SATEL’s software is provided ‘as is'. All warranties and representations of any kind with regard to
the software are hereby disclaimed, including the implied warranties of merchantability and
fitness for a particular purpose. Under no circumstances will manufacturer or developer at the
software be liable for any consequential, incidental, special or exemplary damages even if
apprised of the likelihood of such damages occurring, Title to the software and all copyrights
and proprietary rights in the software shall remain with SATEL You may not transfer, sub-license,
rent, lease, convey, copy, modify, translate, convert to another programming language,
decompile or disassemble the software for any purpose without SATEL’s prior written consent.
SATEL’S PRODUCTS ARE NOT DESIGNED, INTENDED, AUTHORIZED, OR WARRANTED TO
BE SUITABLE FOR USE ON LIFE-SUPPORT APPLICATIONS, DEVICES OR SYSTEMS OR OTHER
CRITICAL APPLICATIONS.
Salo, FINLAND W9?
i SATELLINE~3AS AND SATELLINEGAsd
IMPORTANT NOTICE .. ..... I
I 5ATELLINE-3AS AND SATELLINE-SASD ...................................................... .. 2
2 INTRODUCTION....... ....................................... ......... ........... 5
3 WARRANTY AND SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS ....................... ........ ................ mm... 7
4 SATELLINE-3AS AND SATELLINE-SASD RADIO DATA MODEM ....... 8
4.1 Technical Specifications ............ ....... ......................................... B
4.2 Basic Configuration and Inslullution.....‘.. .......... ............................. 9
4.2.1 Basic Configuroiion .......................................................................................... 9
5 DATA COMMUNICATION.. .. ............. .................. 10
5.1 RS-Interface ......... ‘IO
5 11 D15 Connector . 10
5.1 1 1 Pin coniiguraiion.. . 11
5.1.1.2 113232 |n1eri0ce.. ..12
5.1.1.3 R542? |n1eriace ..
5.1 1 4 RS-4851nierfcce..
5.1.1.5 R551 indiccior...
5.1.2 LED indicators
5.1.3 RF iniericce ......
5.1.4 Display and push bufions (SATELLINE-SASd).,.
5.2 Data Transmission (RS-inlerface)..........
5.2.1 Data iormcf .....
5.2.2 Hondshakmg
5.3 Data Transmission (Rud'
5.3.1 Addressing ....................
5 3.1.1 Transmission.
5 3.1.2 Recepiion .....
5.3.2 Error Correction. .
5.3.3 Repeater ..............
Ierface).....
5.4 Timing and Delays During Daia Transmission..
5.5 Tests ....... ........... ......................................................................... .. 25
6 SETTINGS ......................... ................................................ 26
6.1 Changing the settings using terminal .. 26
611 Frequency ................... 27
6.1.2 Output power and sensibility .. 28
6.1.3 Addressing .. 29
6.1 .4 Serial port settings. 30
6.1 ,5 Speciai functions 31
6.1 .6 Tests. 32
6.1 .7 Restanng actory settings. ............................................................................... 32
6.2 Changing the settings using the display.. 33
34
35
,36
6.2.1 Frequency ..
6.2.2 Addressing ..
6.2.3 Serial port settings.
6.2.4 Special tunctions ...... .37
6 25 Tests ............................. .37
6.2.6 Restoring factory settings. . 37
6.2.7 Contrast ........................ 38
39
.39
.40
...40
6.3 Changing the settings using SL-commands
6.3.1 Frequency ..
6.3.2 Addressing ,
6.3.3 Special functions ...................
6.3.4 Forming oi the SL Command. 41
7 |NSTALLATION ....... .................................... ........ .................... 43
7.1 The installation of a radio modern .............. .......... ................ 43
7.2 Interface Cable Connections . 44
7.2.1 RS-232 Wiring..
7.2.2 RS-485 Wiring.,
7.2.3 RS-422 Wiring.
7.2.4 Power supply
7.3 Antenna lnstallation ......
7.3.1 Hand portable equipment.
7.3.2 Equipment instaiied in VEi’th es.
7.3.3 Master station...
7.3.4 General rules .......
8 SYSTEM DESlGN....... ..................................... .......... ................... 51
8.1 System Configurations ................................... . 51
8.1.1 Factors aftecting quality and distance at the radio connection.
812 Radio field strength ...........................................................
9 CHECK LlST .... ......... .... ...................................... m... ......... ........... ................... 53
10 SOFTWARE UPDATE
1 1 ACCESSORlES ......... .......... ................................................ 54
11.1 RS Cables ...................................... .............
11.2 RF Cables ........... .............................................................................. 54
11.3 Antennas ............... ........... ...................................................... 54
11.4 Filters ....................... ............... 55
11.5 Battery Pack ......................... ....... ........................... 55
11.6 PowerBoosier .................................. .......... ....... 55
12 APPENDIX A.... ........ .................................................... ....... 56
13 APPENDIX B ........................ ... ............... ........ .............................................. 57
13.1 Functional delays ....... ............ .................................................. 57
.............................. 57
...,58
13.2 Transmission delays...
13.2.i Transmission delays Wii out lhe FEC (Forward Error Correction) .
1322 Transmission delays Wi‘rh the FEC (Forward Error Corredion) ......
2 INTRODUCTION ,
SATEL is a Finnish electronics and telecommunications company that specialises in Wireless data
communications. It designs, manufactures and markets radio modems for data communications
and alarm transfer systems. The main user groups include industrial companies, public
organisations and private persons.
SATEL is a leading supplier of radio modems in Europe. The Satel radio modems are type
approved in most European countries and elsewhere.
The amount of data transferred in a local area data communications network exhibits a
tendency of continuous growth. On the other hand, the average size of a communications
system is increasing. Satel's response to these market tendencies is the SATELLlNE-SAS, the first
radio modern from SATEL with a data speed of 192 kbps over the air. The data speed of RS
interface is selectable between 300 38 400 bps.
The SATELLINE-SAS offers several new options related to the use of the radio modem. For the
first time, there is a bUilt-in hardware compatibility with three selectable data interfaces, the RS-
232, RS-422 and R5-485.
A special model of the radio modern, the SATELLINE—SASd, is equipped with a liquid crystal
display (LCD), which provides the user with several new, useful functions. The display can be
utilised in the SETUP mode for example during the implementation stage. Thanks to the display
it is possible to change the settings of the radio modem in the field without using an external
terminal. It can also be used for testing the quality of the radio connection between the stations.
The SATELLINE-aAS offers the pOSSibility to use forward error correction (FEC) over noisy radio
channels. Error rate is minimised by means of advance checking and correction of the data
packets. This is done transparent to the user.
The radio modem has three basic operating modes: the Data Transfer mode, Setup mode and
Test mode. In the basic model SATELLINE-3AS the setting of operating parameters and selection
of mode and function is performed with a PC through the RS interface, The model SATELLINE-
3A5d is equipped with a LCD and four push buttons. In addition to changing the settings of the
radio modem, the display is used for testing the operating condition of the radio connection.
1. SATELLlNE 3AS has a maximum data speed of 19.2 l - 12 dB
>60dB
>65dB
<2nW
RS-232 or RS-485, R5-422
D15, female
300 - 38400 bps
19200 bps (25 kHz channel)
9600 bps (12,5 kHz channel)
Asynchronous RSQBZ, RS-422, R5»485
+ 9 ...+ 30 VDC
2.5 VA typical (Receive)
6.6 VA typical (Transmit)
005 VA typical (STAND-BY mode)
—25 °C.,.+55 “C
TNC, 50 ohm, female
Aluminium enclosure
137 x 67 x 29 mm
130 x 63 x 1 mm
250 g
4.2 Basic Configuration and Installation
4,2.i Basic Configuration
The radio modem is supplied with the following settings (it not otherwise ordered):
Radio tre-uenc Selection of the Customer
Radio settings 500 mW / -l 10 dBm (25 kHz) or -T i? dBm 12,5 kHz)
Addressirg RX Address OFF / TX Address OFF
SerialErt T ON / 19200 / 8 bit data / None /i stop bit lRS-232i
Serial port 2 OFF / i 9200 / 8 bit data / None /l stop bit [RS-232i
Additional setup Error Correction OFF / Repeater Function OFF / SL-camrnands OFF
Tests Test Mode Inactive
Connect the power cables (+Vb and GND] to a 9 — 30 VDC power suaply with a power rating
at at least i A. Also connect the DTR -pin to a positive voltage. it the DTR pin is not connected,
the radio modem is in the STAND—BY made and will not transmit or receive data.
As a terminal program you can use SaTerrn which is available tree from your local dealer. You
can also use HyperTerminal in most of the Windows operating systems or any other terminal
program. Basic settings for any terminal program are computer serial port COMi , 19200 bps,
8 bit data, none parity, i stop bit , ltthe serial port COMi ol the computer is occupied you
should use another serial port,
NOTE!
When you want to program the radio modem in the SETUP mode via the terminal, the terminal
speed should be set to 9600 bps.
Basic configuration for port COM] RS-232
9~PIN D~CONNECTOR zsriN D-CONNECTOR RAD“) MODEM
tVb GND
5 DATA COMMUNTCATION
5.1 RS-intertace
5.1,1 Di 5 Connector
The radio modem is reterred as a DCE (Data Communication Equipment) and PCs and
terminals as DTE's [Data Terminal Equipment) The SATELLlNE-SAS radio modem has a i5-pin
3’ type female connector for all the interface connections.
he de5ign ot the radio modem will take into account any filtering necessary on these
connections to ensure compliance with spurious emissions and EMC regulations, The user
should therefore not need to take any further precautions against emissions out of the radio
modern.
he radio modern has iwo RS»ports, COM] and COMZ Port COMT has RS-232-ievel
intertace and port COM? has RS-232, RS-422 and RS-485 interfaces. Only one part can be
used tor communication at a tlme. Port COM? can be used in RS—422 or RS-485 mode only it
it is physically set at the tactory, the mode change is not possible afterwards by software only,
NOTICE WHEN MODE PIN (12) IS CONNECTED TO THE GROUND (SETUP MODE)
THE RADiO MODEM ALWAYS USES PORT COM] (PINS 7,9,11) ! So if you are using
aort COM? tor communication vou have to use an aanrooriate cable tor SETUP mode,
5.1 .I .I Pin configuration
PIN9— —PIN15
O IMI 0
PIN]? ’PIN8
Di 5 female connector in the radio modem
Pin number is the number of the pin in the radio modern.
Direction IN is data from DTE (Data Terminal Equipment) to the radio modern.
Direction OUT is data from the radio modem to the DTE,
DIRECTION DATAPIN NAME m
PORT AND LEVEL PIN
COMI RS-232 2 Optional ‘
J 5 "I'ou RSDSI Optional *
6 OUT IES Optional *
L7 ~ SGND Signal Ground
9 CU RD Receive Data
10 ou —lDSR Optional‘
I I IN TD __Transmit Data
I3 IN RTS Optional *
COM? RS-232 2 CU" 9 Optional *
3 OU ’ RD Receive Data
4 IN TD Transmit Data
5 CU RSSI Optional *
_L7 - SGND Signal Ground
COM? RS—422/485 2 CU _l- ' Receive data positive
3 CU B' I Receive data rigging
4 IN A finsmit data positive
5 IN E Transmit data new
COMMON PINS
i 4» DTR ON IVB) / STAND-BY (N_CI
8 » GND Power ground
12 ~ MODE DATA (NC /5ETUPfiND)
_|_i 5 - —|-VB Operating voltage
O-ceratin voIto-e o-tionaI *
*) Optional pins are not necessary or the normal operation, they shou d be used it needed
RSSI : Received Signal Strength Indicator, can be used for monitoring the signal quality with a
DTE.
CTS : Clear To Send, used in handshaking. Indicates when the radio modem is ready to
accept data on the TD line.
SGND = Signal GrouND. Can be connected to GND.
RD = Receive Data. Data from the radio modem to the DTE.
DSR = Data Set Ready. Indicates "ON” state at the modem. The signal level is the same as the
DTR signal level.
TD : Transmit Data. Data from the DTE to the radio modems
RTS : Request To Send, used in handshake. The DTE usually enables RTS when it is ready to
receive data, NOT lMPLEMENTED in the radio modem,
CD : Carrier Detect. Indicates a strong Signal on the radio channel, can be used to avoid data
COlllSiOnS on the radio channel.
DTR : Data Terminal Ready, when connected to the operating voltage (VB) the radio modem is
ON, when not connected (NC) the radio modem is in the STANDBY mode
MODE : selects the DATA mode it not connected, and SETUP mode it grounded. SETUP made
is only needed when installing the radio modem, usually the radio modem is always in the DATA
mode.
VB 2 Operating voltage.
5.1.1.2 R5-232 Interface
RS~232 standardises serial communication between computers and between computer terminals
and modems. Mast applications use the RS—232 standard for interlacing peripherals to personal
computers. RS-232 uses transmission lines in which the state at each signal is represented by
reterencing the voltage level at a single line to ground, RS-232 was designed for serial
communication cable up to distances of I5 m, RS-232 is implemented ditlerently in different
peripherals so all peripherals USing RS-232 are not necessarily compatible.
5.l .l .3 RS-422 lntertace
RS-422 defines a serial intertace much like R5-232. However, RS-422 uses balanced (or
dll‘ierential) transmission lines. Balanced transmission lines use two transmission lines for each
signal The state oi each signal is represented by the relative voltage of the two lines to each
other. For example, the TX signal is carried on two wires, wire A and wire B. A logical l is
represented by the voltage on line A being greater than the voltage on line 8. A logical O is
represented by the voltage on line A being less than the voltage on line B. Ditterential voltage
transmission creates a signal which is more immune to noise as well as voltage loss due to
transmission line eitects. Thus, you can use R542? for greater cable distances (up to 1 km) than
RS-232.
“$422
5.i .i .4 RS»485 Interface
RS-485 expands on the RS—422 standard by increasing the number at devices you can use from
10 to 32 and by working with Halt-duplex bus architectures, Only one pair of cables is needed
compared to the two pairs needed in RS-422. Unlike the RS-422 standard, RS-485 addresses
the issue of using multiple transmitters on the same line. RS-485 defines the electrical
characteristics necessary to ensure adequate signal voltages under maximum load, short—circuit
protection, and the ability to withstand multiple drivers driving conflicting signals at the same
time.
HS485 lNTERFACE
5.i fl .5 Termination
Each ditterential pair at wires is a transmission line. You must properly terminate the line to
prevent reflections, A common method of terminating at two»Wire multrdrop RS-485 network is to
install terminating resistors at each end at the multidrop network. it you daisy chain multiple
instruments together, you need a terminating resistor only at the first and last instruments The
terminating resistor should match the characteristic impedance oi the transmission line (typically
l00~120 ohm).
5 l.l A6 RSSI indicalor
Received Signal Sirengih Indicator, RSSI, (pin 5) announces 1he received field sirengih of ihe
signal, This signal can be used for the approximuie determination of ihe signal level. In ihe
following figure is 1he iypiccl voltage level as 0 function of the signal level, Notice ihcf voltage
drops Will? a good Signal level (>-25dB). This occurs when the distance of ihe Mo modems is
less ihcm 10 meters.
41 RSSI-pin level /v
3.5
Signal strength / dBm
oi;— A —— ‘ w i» v —
OFF -120-1|B-116-|107100 -90 430 -70 -60 »50 40 so 725 -20 45 40
5.1,2 LED indicators
The five LED’s at the rant ol the radio modem indicate the operation of RS-interlace:
RTS
_IE_-
Status of RTS-line on port Active inactive
[CONN
CTS Status of CTS—line on port
COM]
Data on TD-line
Data on RD—line
Status ot radio signal carrier
level
Active Inactive
Data on line No data
Data on line No data
Active |nactive
RTS indicates the state at the pin 13. The data terminal equipment (D E) usually enables RTS
when it is ready to receive data. By default the DTE enables RTS to active,
NOTE!
If you are using the hardware (RTS/CTS) handshake, the RTS IS NOT IMPLEMENTED in the
radio modem.
CTS indicates the state of the pin 6. It is active when the radio modem is ready to receive data
for radio transmission
TD indicates the radio modem is receiving data on the RS liner
RD indicates the radio modem is sending data on the RS line,
CD indicates a radio signal exceeding the sensibility level.
15
5,1.3 RF interface
The antenna connectors type is TNC and the impedance is 50 ohms. The transmitter output
power is between lOmW - lW.
The bitrate in the radio channel depends on the radio channel width, with a 25 kHz channel the
bitrate is 19200 bps and 9600 bps with 12,5 kHz radio channel. The radio bitrate is always the
some independent of the RS line bitrate. It the RS line bitrote is slower or taster than the radio
channel bitrate the radio modern bul‘lers the data temporarily so ll will not be lost.
OUTPUT POWER mW OUTPUT POWER dBm
Conversnon table for output power
NOTEl
Setting the radio data modem to a power level other than those specitied by the local
authorities is strictly torbidden. The use of non»appraved power level can lead to prosecution
by the local authorities. SATEL IS not responsible for any illegal use of its radio equipment.
5 1.4 Display and push buttons (SATELLINE-SASd)
The SATELLINE-3A5d radio modem contains a back-lit liquid crystal display (LCD)4 The display
shows the settings of the radio modern, field strength and battery charge condition. Using the
LCD and the push buttons it is possible to change the settings ot the radio modern without using
an external terminal.
The display units back light is activated by pushing any of the buttons,
Field strength Operating
of the lost voltage
received message level
Tau" 13:15“
Display in the DATA 468.2899 MHZ 4— Current frequency
MODE EOM1=19290N31 . Current port setting
SETUP Functions of the Push
Buttons
Display showing the SHTEl-l—ill’llz' gins
SW Version UE‘FSIOH 1. 23
Active line cursor
Display in the SETUP
MODE
Cancel/Back button f Select button
Up button Down button
5.2 Data Transmission RS-intertoce
5.2.T Data format
The SATELLINE—BAS radio modem uses asynchronous data format. Asynchronous transmission
does not require a continuous synchronising signal from the transmitter to the receiver. The data
bits of each character are preceded by a start bit and followed by one ortwo stop bits. They are
inserted otter the data bits to provide a minimum period between characters
Standard data bit rates tor SATELLlNE-3AS are 300, 600, T200, 2400, 4800, 9600, T9200
and 38400 bps (bits per second)
The length of the data field should be 7, 8 or 9 bits. It the data length is 9 bits, the selection
at parity has to be NONE.
When a parity bit is used, its logic state depends on the speCitic character code and whether the
agreed protocol specifies even parity or odd parity. The parity bit is simply made 1 or O, as
requured, to make the total number at is in the data an even (even parity) or an odd [odd
parity). Note that the parity bit itselt is included in the count, but the stop bit or stop bits are
excluded.
The whole character length includes start bit, data bits, parity bit and stop bit or bits. The
Character length is TO, T T or T2 bits.
Start Data Parity Stop |
Asynchronous data tarmat
Example:
8 bit data ya me is 204 ( T TOOT TOO binary ), start bit is O, parity is none, 0 or land stop bit T
The nossible characters are:
DATA FORMAT CHARACTER CHARACTER LENGTH
-.--1011001 001 10h”
8 bit, even parity, T stop bit 0T TOOT TOOOT
8 bit, odd parity, T stop bit T TOOT TOOT T
8 bit, no parity, 2 stop bits T TOOT TOOT T
8 bit, even narit , 2 sto- bits T TOOT TOOOT
T T T
8 bit, odd -ari , 2 sto- bits TOOT OOT
It can be seen that there are always 2, 3 or 4 extra bits per one data word, that must be taken
into account when calculating the system throughput.
If the data Speed/ character length, parity or the number of stop bits are incorrectly set, errors
will appear in transmission. At reception they appear as "error characters” or as an incorrect
operation of the modem.
The data settings of each station of the system can be different except for the data length. The
data length must always be same in the whole system.
The data format can be selected in the SETUP mode
5.2.2 Handshaking
Handshaking must be used if there is a need to control the transmission between a terminal and
a radio modem, For example, SATELLINE-SAS may not be ready to send because the radio
channel is busy or the data buffer is full. Handshaking is used to prevent data loss.
Handshaking is not needed under the following conditions:
0 radio channel is relatively free, it can be seen from the CD led
0 your system can handle overlapping messages
The 3AS supports partly hardware handshaking (RTS/CTS). Hardware handshaking (or flow
control] works by altering the state at the RTS (Request To Send) and CTS (Clear To Send] lines
on the R5232~interface between the radio modem and the data terminal equipment (DTE). CTS
is used by the radio modem on the sending end of a transmission. When the radio modem is
ready to receive data, it changes the state of the CTS signal to active and the DTE starts
transferring data. If the radio modem is unable to accept the data as fast as it is received from
the DTE, the radio modem will change the state of the CTS to inactive to intorm the DTE that the
modem buffer is almost full. The DTE will then suspend data transfer. Once the radio modem
has emptied its buffer by transmitting the data to the radio channel, it will change the state of
the CTS back to active again. The CTS is always on in the radio modern.
RTS is changed by the DTE when receiving data. When the DTE cannot accept data at the rate
at which it is sent on the R5232-intertace, it will disable RTS. The DTE enables RTS again when it
is ready to resume receiving data from the radio modem. THE RTS IS NOT IMPLEMENTED N
THE RADIO MODEM. IT WILL IGNORE THE RTS SIGNAL. Usually this is not a problem since
most of the DTE's are fast enough to receive data from the radio modem.
5.3 Data Transmission Radio-interface
5.3.) Addressing
it is possible to use addresses both in data transmission and reception on the radio channel. The
address consists of two data characters (totalling 16 bits). The address consists at the tirst two
characters of the data packet, that the radio modern adds to every sent packet and/or checks
for in every received packet, (compare to SL»command SLAxy, where ADD H corresponds to x
and ADD l. corresponds to y)
Address range is from OOOOh (h tor hexadecimal) to FFFFh in hexadecimal torrnat (0-65535 in
decimal format). The maximum data length is l l
6.1.1 Frequency
The radio frequency channel can be changed in position 1,
Enter selection >1
Active channel 433.0000 MHZ
Lower limit 432.0000 MHZ
Upper limit 434.0000 MHz
Channel spacing 25 kHz
Enter new frequency (MHZ) or Esc to cancel > 433.5000
The channel can be selected within +/- l MHz tuning range from the factory-set center
frequency. The center frequency is set at the factory and cannot be changed. The channel is
given as a numerical value.
NOTE l
Setting the radio modem into frequencies other than those specified by the local authoroties is
strictly forbidden. The use of nan-approved frequenctes can lead to prosecution by the local
authorities. SATEL is not resoonsible for anv illeaal use of its radio eauiornent.
6.1.2 Output power and sensibility
The Tx output power ievel and Rx sensitivity ievei can be changed in position 2.
Enter selection >2
1) Tx Power Level 1000 mW
2 Rx Sensitivity Level 7110 dBm
Enter selection or Esc to cancel >l
Power setup
TX Power level 1000 mW
1) Set 10 mw
Set 20 mw
Set 50 mw
Set 100 Mw
Set 200 mW
Set 500 Mw
) Set 1000 MW
Enter selection or Esc to cancel >6 OK i
qmmpww
Enter selection or Esc to cancel >2
Sensitivity setup
RX Sensitivity level —110 dBm
Enter new value (80 — 118) or Esc to cancel > 7115
OK !
NOTE!
Setting the radio data modem into power level other than those specified in the instructions is
stridiy forbidden, The use of non—approved power ievei can lead to prosecution by locoi
authorities. SATEL is not resoonsibie for anv ilieacil use of its radio eauioment.
6.1‘3 Addressing
The address can be turned on or oh‘ and changed in position 3.
Enter selection >3
Addressing setup
RX Address OFF
TX Address OFF
) Change RX address
1 Change TX address
) Set RX address ON
) Set TX address ON
Enter selection or Esc to cancel >1
RX address setup
RX Address 0000
Enter new address(HEX) or Esc to cancel >1234
OK !
Enter selection or Esc to cancel >2
RX address setup
RX Address 0000
Enter new address(HEX) or Esc to cancel >1234
OK !
Enter selection or Esc to cancel >3
Enter selection or Esc to cancel >4
The address is given in hexadecimal form in which case the number of difiereni addresses
exceeds 65,000, In one radio data modem the address can be the same or in some speCial
cases (eg, in repeaier) uiso diflereni in iransmifling and receiving
61.4 Seficlpofisemngs
The sefiings for serial pod 1 can be changed in position 4 and for port 2 in position 5.
Enter selection >4 (and 5)
Serial port 1
R57232 Setup
1) Port status ON
2) Data speed 19200
3) Data bits 8 bit data
4) Parity None parity
5) Stop bits 1 stop bit
Enter selection or Esc to cancel >1
Serial ports 1 and 2
Status setup
1) Port 1 ON / Port 2 OFF
2) Port 1 OFF / Port 2 ON
Enter selection or Esc to cancel >1
Enter selection or Esc to cancel >2
Serial port 1
Data speed setup
7) 19200 bit/s
8) 38400 bit/s
Enter selection or Esc to cancel >7
Enter selection or Esc to cancel >3
Serial port 1
Data bits setup
1) 7 bit data
2) 8 bit data
3) 9 bit data
Enter selection or Esc to cancel >2
Enter selection or Esc to cancel >4
Qfl
Serial port 1
Parity setup
1) Even parity
2) None parity
3) Odd parity
Enter selection or Esc to cancel >2
Enter selection or Esc to cancel >5
Serial port 1
Stop bits setup
1) 1 stop bit
2) 2 stop bits
Enter selection or Esc to cancel >1
NOTE! __I
Remember when connecting the MODE-pin (pin-12) to the ground the radio modem enters the
SETUP mode and communicates through PORT 1 with settings 9600,8,N,l regardless of the
PORT 1 settings forthe DATA mode.
6.1.5 Special functions
Enter selection >6
Additional setup
Error Correction OFF
Repeater Function OFF
SLfccmmands OFF
1) Set Error Correction ON
2) Set Repeater Function ON
3) Set SLvCommands ON
Enter selection or Esc to cancel >l
Enter selection or Esc to cancel >2
Enter selection or Esc to cancel >3
Refer to the corresponding chapter for more intormotion.
6,1.6 Tests
Enter selection >7
Test setup
Test Mode Unactive
1) Set Short Block Test ON
2) Set Long Block Test ON
3) Set All Tests OFF
Enter selection or Esc to cancel >l
Enter selection or Esc to cancel >2
Enter selection or Esc to cancel >3
Use lests when needed as described in corresponding chapter.
6.7 .7 Restoring fodow seh‘ings
Enter selection >8
Do you want to restore factory settings ? (Y/N)>
Press Y 10 resfore factory sefiings or press N Yo cancel,
32
6.2 Changing the seflings using the display
Using The display it is possible to change seh‘ings of the radio modem wiihoui usmg an external
terminal, The radio modem goes into SETUP MODE, if SETUP (I ] buh‘on has been pressed
This is ihe DATA—mode
display, PORT i is on with
seflings l9200,N,8,l
DUN HSZBGNSI
SETUP
Alierihe SETUP-buflcn has
been pressed you can see
lhe modem lype and ihe
sol‘iware version.
SFiTELLINE-SRS
Uersion 1.23
Make required changes
This willsuveihe changes in Do sou want to
the non—volatile memory so make changes
ihey are sole ugoinsi power- Permanent 7
downs me YES
6.2.1 Frequency
kRF frequency
flddressins
Port 1
Port 2
Rdditional
Test
Factor! setup
Cantrast
CQNCEL av EETUP
Press Sefup
Press Change
You can exit m any Mme wwh Change.
Press a or v, unhl the current vo|ue of
the dig'w is correct Press next to move 00
nex'digfl.
Repea? 4 “mes.
Press . or -, unm Me «1qu of me ‘usf
changeubfe digi' is corred Press 590 if
the frequency is correct.
The radio modem inrorms, if the channel
is accepted (wifih‘m t 1 MHz (mm the
cemerirequencyi
fictive channel
468.2888 MHZ
CQNCEL CHQNGE
CF 468.2888 NHZ
>46€.2888 MHZ
EQNEEL ' NEXT
CF 468.2888 NH:
>4§8.2888 ”Hz
CGNEEL 1. NEXT
CF 468.2888 MHZ
}468.2888 “Hz
CRNCEL A? SET
Ch accepted
MSS. 2888 MHZ
6.2.2 Addressing
RF frefiuencs
>Hddressins
Part 1
Port 2
fldditional
Test
Factors setup
Contrast
ancEL av SETUP
Press Sefup
Seled RX or TX
address pressing l
or t and Men
pressvng Change
>Rx addr UFF
TX addr GFF
CQNCEL v cuqnas
RX Hddress
W125 OFF
Press .| or v, umil the value oflhe hm
digwl of ”we address ws (erred Press next
to move to hex! dwgi?
CQNCEL I,
NEXT
Repeat 4 Qimes.
RX Pddress
Press A or t mm M five ON/OFFrsrmus >6123 OF
of We address is correct Press 550 iflhe
status ws correct ancEL L' SET
6.2.3 Serial port settings
RF frequency
Rddressine
kart 1
Part 2
fldditional
Test
Factors setup
Contrast
CQNCEL av SETUP
Press 1 or l untll
the cursor pOinls
to the correct port
[Perri or Part 2)
and press Setup
Press n on until
mecueorpmnu
to the parameter
you Wish to
change and press
Change
Port status selection.
Press 1 or i until the cursor points to the
correct status
To set correct port on, press sel Note:
The cursor position irtittoity indicates the
current setting
Date speed selection
Press A or 7 until the cursor points to the
correct value and then press set
Note‘ The cursor position initially
indicates the current setting
Number at data bits selection
Press a or t until the cursor paints to the
correct value and then press set
Note The cursor position initially
indicates the current setting
Partly Selection:
Press 1 or 1' until the cursor points to the
correct value and then press set
Note 7. The cursor position inttiatty
indicates the current setting
Note 2: If the number ot data bits is 9,
purrty has to be none
Number cl stop bits selection
Press a or I until the cursor potnts to the
correct value and then press set
Note The cursor position tnitt’clly
“indicates the current setting
>0N
19289 bitfs
8 bit data
None Parits
1 stop bit
anCEL 11 CHQNGE
>P1 ON / P2 UFF
F1 OFF / P2 ON
cancec Av SET
380
665 bit/s
1288 bit/s
2429 bit/s
4889 bit/s
9698 bitfis
>192BB bit/s
38406 bitfs
CPNCEL
>1 stop bit
2 5+.ch bit
CQNEEL fl
SET
6.24 Special functions
Press Seled
Press 1 or v unhl
the cursor perms
to We parcme'er
you wish in
change and press
Change 00 Voggle
Qhe stems
642.5 Tests
Press Selsd
Press A or 1 mm
Vhs cursor poin's
re me paramever
you wish co
change and press
Changeroroggk
fihe slams
RF frequency
fiddressins
Part 1
Port 2
>Rdditiuna1
Test
Factory setup
Cuntrast
CRNEEL av SELECT
RF frequents
Rddrassins
Port 1
Part 2
Rdditlonal
kTest
Factors setuP
Contrast
EflNIZEL A? SELECT
@>
626 Restoring fodory sefimgs
Press Selec!
Press YES 10
restore Factory
seflrngs {or
paramerers
RF frequency
Rddressins
Port 2
Port 2
fldditianal
Test
>Factor9 setuP
Contrast
CQNCEL av SELECT
bError Corr. ON
Repeater
OFF
SL—ccmmandsOFF
anCEL A! CHHNGE
>3hart Block OFF
Lana Block OFF
CQNEEL av cunuaz
DD sou want to
restore factors
settings ?
No
¥ES
6,2 . 7 Contrast
RF frequents
Rddressins
Part 1
Port 2
Qdditional
Test
Factors setup
>Contrast
ancsL xv SELECT
Press Select
biSPlag cantrast
Press Change
Canvas? se|ediorL
Press a or t unm lhe cursor poznvs w vhe
corred value and press set
Note“ The cursor position inihufly
indicates the currem sefling
CQNEEL A? SET
63 Chcnqing the settings using SL-commands
All the settings can be changed wiih SL-commands, This makes it possible to controi the modern
with on iriteliigent data terminal equipment (DTE,e,g, a PC or a PLC] With an appropriate
software This makes it posabie to use complex protocols in multi master and muiti slave
systems, To use the SL-commcnds they musi first be turned on in the SETUP mode
6.3] Frequency
Channel commands Target description ‘ , i,
SLHxx Write ram Freq =CenterFreq - xx‘ChanSpczce, where
xx=[00..,99]
SLLxx Write ram Freq ZCemerFreq - xx‘ChanSpuce, where
xx= 00.99]
SL&NZ Show rum (Freq-CenterFreq)/Chcn5pace
Sl&+=nn Write rum Freq zCenterFreq + nn*ChanSpcce, where
nn=[O...MuxNumberOtChunneis/2i
SL&+>nn Write Freq =CenterFreq + nn‘ChcnSpoce, where
eeprorn nn=[O...McxNumberOfChonnei5/2]
SL&-:nn Write rum Freq ZCenterFreq - nn*ChonSpuce, where
nn:IO..MoxNumberOiChqnnels/Z]
5L&->nn Write Freq =CenterFreq — nn*ChonSpace, where
eeprom nn:[O...MoxNumberOiChanneis/2]
SL8 Show rum Frequency (Response is ‘nnn.nnnn MHz‘)
SL&F:nnn,nnnn eeprom
SL&C3 Show ram CenterFrequency (Response is 'nnn,nnnn MHz‘)
Modem responds to all write commands Wiii’t OK/ERROR
6.3.2 Addressmg
Addressing
commands
SLAxx d =xx, where x=[OOh.,.FFh]
SLTxx Write ram |T_td zxx, where x:[00h.,.FFh]
SLRxx Write rum Id =xx, where x:[OOh...FFh]
5L#IZ _JShow ram d
SL#|=xxxx Write ram Id =xxxx, where x=[0...9, A-F]
SL#t>xxxx TWme d zxxxx, where x=[0...9, A-F]
eeprom
SL#T2 Show rum
SL#T:xxxx Write rom ld zxxxx, where x=[0 9 A- F]
Target description
Write ram
Show ram
5L#T>xxxx Id Z>o<>o<, where x={0...9, A—F]
—|
SL#R2 Write Rid
_|_eeprom
SL#R:xxxx Write ram lad zxxxx, where x:[O,..9, AfF]
5L#R>xxxx Write Rid zxxxx, where x=[0...9, A»F]
Modem responds to oil write commands with OK/ERROR
6.3.3 Special functions
Sutel commands Target description f
SLSOS Write Save all setup into
eeprom
SL%VZ Show code Version
(Response is ‘Vn‘nn't
Modern responds to a” write commands with OK/ERROR
6.3.4 Forming of the SL Command
By programming the radio modern with the SL command, please note that the form of the
address is different than in the SETUP MODE. in PROGRAMMING MODE the address is given
in hexadecimal (values between 0000 and FFFF) eg. QBFAh. By programming the radio
modem with SL command the address consists of an address of two 8 bit characters.
The radio modem requires the SL command as a continous packet. Either a file needs to be
created for the command or the application software designed for the radio modem must take
care of the continous transmission of the command. If there is a break in the transmissmn the
radio modem interprets the packets as transmitted data.
Forming of the programming packet of the address
lf you want to use eg. address 2B5A hex start by converting the hex value to characters.
This can be done by using a map of characters to convert the numbers (Appendixi). The
tollowing character map is lor character set PC-8. In case you have another character set in
your computer you must use a different character map or use methods given in Example 2.
Example 1
Hex. address characters Si. packet
285A ‘tZ' '5LA+Z'
”E
Create a ti e needed lor the SL packet and name it e.g. AD‘ZBSATXT. The first line of your file
would be :
5LA+Z
You are now able to change the address of the radio modem. Copy AD72B5A.TXT file to the
serial port. Note the settings of the serial port and the radio modem (see DOS mode
command):
copy AD72BSATXT comi
The file can be sent by using ASCii file transfer in the communications software.
As some of the characters are used for controlling devices, there is no key for them in your
keyboard. it is preferable to use the following method if you are not familiar with the character
set you are using.
Example 2
Hex. address dectvalues Characters
OAFF 10, 255 LF, DEL
l. You can use a hex editor to create the address
2, lt you have a PC you can type some at the characters by using ALT key together with a
numeric pad, Use a simple DOS editor. Press ALT key, use the numeric pad to enter the
decwmal value (3 numbers] e.g. 10 ® Q10) and release ALT -key.
e.gt
Hex. address typing of the corresponding decimal values
OAFF ALT (down) 0 l 0 ALT (release) ALT (down) 2 5 5 ALT (release)
NOTE !
The 5L command can not be used in terminal mode. You must create a file containing the SL
command and send the tile to the radio modem.
7 tNSTALLATION
7,1 The installation ot a radio modem
The radio modem should be installed with the installation accessories supplied with the radio
modern.
1. By using the installation 2. By usmg the Velcro 3. By mounting the radio
plate, that should be tape supplied With the modem directly on the
fastened on the backside radio modem, customer’s equipment ,
of the radio modern.
The installation plate can
be mounted using the
holes provided an
installation plate.
NOTE l
When choosing the place for mounting, please check that water can not get inside the radio
modem. Avoid direct sunlight. It is not recommended to mount the radio modern on a
heavilv vibrating foundation. The attachment should be lessened with the hela at a resilient
7.2 Interface Cable Connedions
7.2.l R523? Wiring
NOTE!
Whenever connecting R5-232 inter-lace cables to equipment, the equipment MUST FIRST
BE TURNED OFF.
PORT COM]
RS»232 interface basic connection:
y-ew D—CONNECTOF! 25 mi D CONNECTOR “Bio MODEM
3 _D
no
2 _
SEND
+Vh GND
The range of voltage is 9 - 30 V, Connect the power cables to a power supply with a power
rating of at least l A. The operating voltage of the positive pole of the D 15 connector is
connected to the pin l5 at the D connector and to the negative poiei The DTR line in
position "i ” can be used as an ON/STAND—BY switch. In this case the logical state "i "
(+5,..+3O V) corresponds to ON and ”0” [O V...—l2 V) to STAND-BY.
Especially in portable applications the DTR line (pin 1) of the radio modem should be switched
to position ”0” when possible to save power.
Connection wifh handshake lines:
Q-PIN D-CONNECTOR 25er D-CONNECTOR RAmo MODEM
FUSE 630 mA slow
+Vb GND
PORT COM? RS232
E—PIN DCONNECTOR zs-Pm D-CDNNECTDR MD‘O MODEM
FUSE 630 MA slow
— 15»
[ , 7 7 7,4QND
‘vb GNU
4a
7.2.2 RS»485 Wiring
PORT COM? RS-485
RADlO MODEM
Dela pcslllvfi
Optional
mm.“
‘Vh GND
it there is only one device on each and ot the line, you should terminate them with a 100-
lQOohrn resistor between the positive and the negative data line. However this is not
complimentary with short line lengths (l - TO meters depending on the cable and the bitrate).
7.2.3 RS-422 Wiring
PORT COM? RS-422
molt: MODEM
RD posihve
RD negative
TD positive
TD negative T
L i
ODITDnGl resistor
FUSE 630 mA slow
‘Vb GND
With a longer line lengths the positive receive and transmit lines should be termmated with a
resistor [1 00-1 QOohm) on both ends.
7.2.4 Power supply
The range of voltage is 9 ~ 30 V, Connect the power cables to a power supply with a power
rating of at least 1 At The operating voltage of the positive pole of the D 15 connector is
connected to the pin 15 of the D connector and to the negative pole_§7, The DTR line in
position "l ” can be used as an ON/STANDBY SWil‘Ch. In this case the logical state "i ”
(+5,4.+3O V) corresponds to ON and ”0" (O V...-l 2 V] to STAND»BYA
Especially in portable applications the DTR line (pin 1) at the radio modem should be switched
to position "0“ when possible to save power,
7,3 Antenna Installation
7.3.l Hand portable equipment
0 l/4 wave antenna (wave length on 450 MHZ is about 70 cm)
0 Helix antenna
The antennas are mounted directly on to the antenna connector (TNC) at the top at the radio
modem,
7 3.2 Equipment installed in vehicles
0 l/4-wave antenna
0 i/Z wave antenna
Ideally the antenna should be installed vertically and it should have at least 0.5 m of open
space surrounding it. in a small system l/4 wave antenna is adequate. There should be a
ground plane below the antenna (truck bonnet or root), In weak conditions a V? wave antenna
is the most suitable. it can be mounted at the top at a pipe, as this provides it with as much
open space as possible. in places where the antenna cannot be connected directly to the TNC a
50 ohm coaxial cable must be used to provide the link between the TNC and the antenna.
7.3.3 Master station
0 omnidirectional (1/4, l/2 or 5/8 wave antenna)
0 directional (yagi or corner retlecting antenna)
The antenna should be installed in an upright position. The exact location of the antenna
depends on a number at factors tram system size to physical ground countours. As a general
rule, the antenna tor a base station should be located at the highest point in the most central
location of the system.
Alternatively the base station antenna can be situated inside the building, providing that the
walls of the building do not contain metal.
7.3.4 General rules
In great distances or in otherwise severe conditions the operation at radio communication is
dependent on antennas and their mounting, ln antennas, antenna cables and terminal adaptors
there should always be a gold plated connector. Since connectors of poor quality oxidate and
increase the attenuation in the course of time appropriate connectors and proper tools must
always be used in mounting. One should also check that both the antenna and possible tit-ting
elements resist well under all kinds ot weather conditions and environmental contamination.
The metal-tree zone around small antennas should be at least 1/2 m and big antennas >5 m.
The metal-free zone should be > 10 m around a repeater antenna combination, This means
that it a large network ot radio modems is to be installed the best place for the antenna is at the
highest paint at the building or even to use a radio mast. ii a mast is used, the antenna can be
installed using a side—installation up to 2 .,.3 m away from the mast itself.
When mounting the antenna pay also attention to possible sources of interference such as:
0 mobile phone network base stations
- local telephone network base stations
- television transmitters
- radio links
- other radio modem networks
0 PC equipment (about a radius ol 5 m from the antenna)
When ordering antennas please note that the antennas have been tuned to a ceitain frequency
range Simple antennas and those made of stacked yogi—antennas are relatively wide band. The
trequency range at the antenna becomes narrower the more elements there are in a yagi-
antenna,
Keeping in mind the possible need for testing and service of the system. H is generally useful to
use/ a rather long antenna cable in order to avoid the installation at radio modems near the
antenna. In which case it makes it easier to place an antenna to a place, possibly ditticult to
access.
The antenna cable should be chosen according to the length, keeping in mind the following
recommendations:
Length Type Attenuation
< 5 m R658 3.0 dB/l O m/450 MHz
5...20m RGZlS l.5 ClB/lOm/450 MHZ
> 20 m Nakia RFX l/2"—50 0.5 dB/l 0 m/450 MHz
> 20 m AirCom+ 0.8 dB/l O m/450 MHZ ‘)
*) AirCam+ cable is panly air insulated, thus an absolutely air tight connection
between the cable and the connector is required.
ln great distances when the antennas are in optical positions a 6 dB power marginal is
adequate. Since the connection is built on the reflection and/or the knife—edge diffraction the
path loss can vary even 20 dB depending on the weather conditions. In this case a short test can
give a false positive result of the quality of the connection. Thus the height of the antennas and
topographical obstacles must be surveyed with great care. From time to time an attenuating
connection can be used if the data transmission protocol is well prepared for this and the data
transmission that occasionally slows down does not cause any problems to the process.
Vertical polarized systems (antenna elements are in vertical position) are often used in radio
systems. in a system between a base station and sub-stations the vertical polarization is generally
recommendable. The antenna of the radio modern can not be mounted on the same level with
the other sub-station antennas in the same building. The best way to distinguish from the other
antennas situated in the neighbourhood, is by mounting the antennas as far as possible from
each other on the altitude level. The best result IS generally obtained when all the antennas are
in the some mast. With an extra ground plane between the antennas more distinction can be
obtained between the antennas in the mast.
A horizontal polarization can be used in data transmission between two points. With the
polarization attenuation more distinction is obtained in the vertical polarization interference. The
influence of the directional patterns of the antennas must, however. be taken into consideration.
It a distinction to another interfering antenna is wanted with the horizontal polarized antennas
there must be a good attenuation of the back lobe. In addtian to this the interfering radiator
should be situated behind the antenna.
When the system does not demand the use of an omnidirectional antenna it is recommended to
use directional antennas e.g. two-element yagis in firm external installations. As the antenna
amplification increases the setting of the direction of the antenna demands for a greater care
The base stations in high places should be supplied With 4...6 degree band—pass filters. Please
note that the higher the antenna the larger the broadcast area. The disadvantages with a too
high antenna installation at the base station are that interferences from a larger area affect the
base station and that the base station occupies the channel of a too large area.
Therefore SATEL recommends the use of bandpass-filters with a high Q-value.
\*\»
G > 30 dB] <¥ 7,5
up to 30 km
5 rn
lowicss (minis 'fi
i "pm
30 m éi
G > 6 dBi ’ “
r Data Terminal
l Rs-zaz ,
M 5 m
7 *
Master Station
Computer
* i...n pcsi
.%
We Terminfl
Example of an antenna installation: By use of amplifying antennas (GzGoin) and by installing
antennas in a high location, long distances can be reached with SASA
8.1 System Configurations
at .l Factors affecting quality and distance of the radio connection
- power of radio transmitter
. sensitivity of radio receiver
0 tolerance of spurious radiations of the radio modulating signal
0 amplification of transmitting and receivrng antennas
- antenna cable reiection
- height
0 natural obstacles
- interferences caused by radio frequencies
The transmitter power of the base model of SATELLINE-3AS is l W and sensitivity of receiver
more than -l is dBm. Thus in a flat area and in free space with a 1/4 wave antenna [antenna
amplification ldBi) and an antenna height of i m communications from 3 km to 4 km can be
achieved. Distances may be considerably shorter in situations where there are metallic walls or
other material inhibiting the propagation of radio waves.
Over long distances, problems caused by natural obstacles can often be solved by raising the
height of antennas, A ten fold increase in distance can be achieved with the use of amplifying
antennas. Frequent topographical variations over long distances may require that at least one of
the antennas needs to be raised to a height of to to 20 m.
As the placement of the antenna at the base station is more than To in from the modern it is
necessary to use a low loss cable (< 0.7 dB /l Om) in order not to waste the antenna
amplification. Problematical connections can also be solved by adding another intermediate
station for repeater. In systems with many base stations an RSSI-signal would assist in choosing
the best receiving base station. A communications network can also be built with a combination
of cables and radio data modems,
The SATELLINE-SAS radio data modern operates in the 450 MHZ band, where interference
caused by human beings is insignificant. Long distance interferences need not to be taken into
account even in special weather conditions.
The SATELLINE-3AS eradicates normal levels of interference that occur. However, exceptionally
high levels of interference can breakthrough the sateguards and thus cause errors on
transmssion. in mobile vehicle applications the range of operation can be increased by dividing
the transmitted data into e.g. 50,500 bits blocks and by retransmitting defected blocks.
A sufficient safety margin can be obtained by testing communications using an extra 6 dB
reiection at the antenna connection and with slightly less effective antennas than those to be
used in the final system.
8.1.2 Radio field strength
A successful radio transmission depends essentially on the radio field. Where field strength is
over a certain level the operational results are very good. Below this level, a few dB marginal
areas may occur in which errors begin to be generated by noise and interference which will
eventually lead to loss of connection.
Whilst in an open space, the field strength is at its optimum level, although it will still be reduced
by distance. it must also be remembered that one open space has different environmental and
external factors to another, and that the affects on transmission quality must be taken into
account when planning the system.
Ground, ground contours and buildings cause attenuation (loss of energy through absorbiion)
and reflections of radio waves. Buildings reflect radio waves and therefore the affects of
attenuation are not as acute when transmission is over a short distance.
However, the reflected waves will suffer a loss in power once they travel over a certain distance,
this means that they combine With the direct radio waves and interact in either weakening or
strenghtening the signal respectively. in reality attenuation can even occur at 40 dB which is very
sharp and the effect on the 450 MHz frequency is about 35 cm difference.
9 CHECK LIST ,
When installing and configuring a radio data modem tollowing points should be considered :
1. Before connecting the R5 line interface to equipment always check that the operating voltage
is sWitched oft.
2. Consider the exact location of the equipment lor optimum results
* Place the antenna in a tree space as far as posStble from any source of interference
* Do not place the modem on a strongly Vibrating surface
* Do not place the modem in direct sun light or high humidity
3. The capacity and stability at the power supply must be secured so that the current required
by the transmitter is sutticient for creating a reliable connection.
4, The antenna is installed according to given instructions
5. The settings at the radio modem correspond those at the terminal.
6. All radio modems ot the system have the some settings and are compatible to each other
(eigchannel frequency and width).
10 SOFTWARE UP TE,
It is pOSStble to update the software in the 3AS. Contact your local dealer for a soltware update.
n AccessomEs
11.1 RS Cables
Type Description Lenght Notice
CRS-l M interface cable D15 / D25 male 2 m including_power supply cables
CRS-l F mterlace cable D15 / D25 female 2 m including_pawer supply cables
CRS-2M interface cable D15 / D9 male 2 m including power supply cables
CRS-QF interface cable D15 / D9 female 2 m including power supply cables
CRS-9 Interface cable D9 male/09 temale 2 m
ARS-l F interface Adapter D15 male/ D9 - Including 2 m power supply cable
female and programming switch
11.2 RF Cables
pre Description Lenght Notice
CRF—l cable TNCm/TNCt»connectors 1 m RG58 (3 dB/l O m)
CRF-SF cable TNCm/TNCl—connectors 5 m R658 (3 dB/l 0 m)
CRF-BM cable TNCm/TNCm-connectors 5 m RGSB l3 dB/l O m)
CRF-ZO cable between the booster and the 20 cm
modem
RGQl3 Low loss cable X 1,5 dB/lO m
AIRCOM+ low loss cable X 0,7 dB/l O m
11.3 Antennas
Type
Description
GAINFLEX 400-430
Half wave antenna
GAINFLEX 430-470
Hall wave antenna
MULTIFLEX 400-470
Quarter wave antenna
MlNlFLEX 400-430
Helix antenna
MlNlFLEX 430470
Helix antenna
(We otter directional» an
1 1.4 Power Supplies
/or omnidirectional gain antennas separately on request. )
Type l Description
MAS—2 220 Vac/12 Vdc/1A
MAS»4 220 Vac/12 Vdc/5A
l l.5 Filters
l 1.6 Battery Pack
Tme
Description
SATE LSET-éO
Battery Pack with 60 mm Belt Clip
SATELSET-9O
Battery Pack with 90 mm Belt Clip
SET»BC Battery Cassette
SETvC Charger
SET-IC lnstcillcition Cradle
l 1.7 Power Booster
Txpe Description
SATELGAIN l O W booster, for short data packets
SATELGAINJr l O W booster, tor continous transmission
12 APPENDIX A
|_ ASCI! CHARACTER TABLE
_D_ H A_ D H A D H A D H A D H A D H A
0 0 43 28 + 86 56 v 29 81 172 AC 215 D7 —|
1 1 44 2c , 87 57 w 130 82 73 AD 216 D8
2 2 45 2D . 88 58 x 31 83 174 AE 217 D9
3 3 46 2E . 89 59 Y 32 84 75 AE 218 DA
4 4 47 2E / 90 5A 2 133 85 176 80 219 DE
5 5 48 30 0 91 58 [ 34 86 177 81 220 DC
6 6 49 31 1 92 5C \ 35 87 178 82 221 DD
7 7 50 32 2 93 5D 1 136 88 179 83 222 DE
8 8 51 33 3 94 5E A 137 89 80 84 223 DF
9 9 52 34 4 95 5E 7 38 8A 181 85 224 E0
10 A 53 35 5 96 60 ‘ 39 88 182 86 225 E1
11 8 54 36 6 97 61 a 40 8c 83 B7 226 E2
12 C 55 37 7 98 62 b 41 8D 84 88 227 E3
13 3 56 38 8 99 63 c 42 8E 85 89 228 E4
14 E 57 39 9 00 64 d 43 8E 186 8A 229 E5
15 F 58 3A : 01 65 e 44 90 187 88 230 E6
16 o 59 38 , 102 66 f 145 91 88 8C 231 E7
17 1 60 3C < 03 67 g 46 92 89 ED 232 E8
18 2 61 3D : 104 68 11 147 93 190 BE 233 E9
19 13 62 3E > 105 69 1 48 94 191 BF 234 EA
20 14 63 3E a 06 6A 1 49 95 192 co 235 EB
21 5 64 40 @ 107 68 k 150 96 93 C1 236 EC
22 16 65 41 A 08 6C 1 51 97 194 C2 237 ED
23 7 66 42 8 09 6D m 152 98 195 C3 238 EE
24 8 67 43 c 110 6E n 153 99 196 C4 239 EE
25 9 68 44 D 111 6E 6 154 9A 97 C5 240 F0
26 A 69 45 E 112 70 p 55 98 98 C6 241 E1
27 8 70 46 E 13 71 q 56 9c 199 C7 242 E2
28 c 71 47 G 14 72 r 57 9D 200 C8 243 E3
29 1D 72 48 H 15 73 s 158 98 201 C9 244 E4
30 E 73 49 1 16 74 1 159 9E 202 CA 245 E5
31 E 74 4A 1 117 75 u 160 A0 203 CB 246 E6
32 20 75 48 K 18 76 v 161 A1 204 CC 247 F7
33 21 1 76 4C L 119 77 w 62 A2 205 CD 248 E8
34 22 " 77 4D M 20 78 x 163 A3 206 CE 249 E9
35 23 # 78 4E N 121 79 y 164 A4 207 CE 250 EA
36 24 3 79 4E o 122 7A 1 165 A5 208 Do 251 E8
37 25 % 80 50 P 123 78 1 66 A6 209 D1 252 EC
38 26 & 81 51 Q 124 7c 1 167 A7 210 D2 253 FD
39 27 1 82 52 R 125 7D 1 168 A8 211 D3 254 FE
40 28 ( 83 53 s 126 7E ~ 169 A9 212 D4 255 FF
41 29 1 84 54 1 127 7F 170 AA 213 D5
42 2A 1 85 55 u 128 80 71 A8 214 D6
13 APPENDIX B'
13.1 Functional delays
Fundion DelaUms)
Wakeup flme DTR STAND-BY/ON 1500
R5 interface turnaround time IRS-232 0
RS inter-Vase turnaround time RS-485 <1
Intercharader delay max. 2-3 characters
13.2 Transmission de|ays
Delay from 1he end of the transmission on the
Mod m 1
TD hne 5m”
Modem 2
RD “me
and
{S-Ifne To the end of ihe reception on the RS—Iine.
132.1 Transmission delays withoul 1113 FEC (Forward Error Correction)
12.5 kHz radio channel
Number of Bytes sent
bps 1 10 100 500
1200 43 83 37 100
4300 32 32 35 37
9600 31 30 30 31
19200 30 33 55 196
33400 30 35 as 322
Delay in milliseconds wh‘h 10% margin
25 kHz radio channel
Number of B as sent
bps 1 10 IToo 500
1200 36 76 78 83
4800 __, 22 26 27 28
9600 20 20 20 21
19200 20 20 20 20
38400 20 2] 36 102
Dela in milhseconds with 10% mar-in
132.2Tmnsmission delays with lhe FEC (Forward Error Correction)
12.5 kHz radio channel
Number of Bytes sent
Bgs 1 "IO 100 500
1200 63 120 120 200
4800 43 54 70 72
9600 42 42 80 140
19200 42 42 105 364
38400 42 42 128 490
Delays in milliseconds with lO% margin
60

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