Sensors and Software PE-PRO-TLF-A GPR User Manual pE100 PRO TXa

Sensors & Software Inc. GPR pE100 PRO TXa

Users Manual

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Date Submitted2004-10-06 00:00:00
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pulseEKKO PRO TLF-A
Transmitter
USER ’S GUIDE
Copyright 2004 Sensors & Software Inc.
2003-00376-01
SENSORS & SOFTWARE INC. PRODUCT LICENCE, COPYRIGHT, LIABILITY AND WARRANTY INFORMATION
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EKKO_3D and EKKO_Pointer are Trademarks of Sensors & Software Inc.
pulseEKKO PRO TLF-A Transmitter
Table of Contents
Overview ............................................................................................................1
System Assembly and Startup .............................................................3
2.1
Antenna Assembly ....................................................................................3
2.2
Connecting up the Radar .........................................................................4
2.3
Adding Optional Items ..............................................................................6
2.3.1
2.3.2
Troubleshooting ............................................................................................9
3.1
Fiber Optic Remote Trigger and Beeper Unit..................................6
Odometer .........................................................................................7
Transmitter Problem: No Signal on Screen ..........................................9
Care and Maintenance .............................................................................11
4.1
General .....................................................................................................11
4.2
Radar Unit ................................................................................................11
4.3
Battery Power Requirements ................................................................11
4.4
Transmitter and Receiver Battery Maintenance.................................11
4.5
Testing Batteries .....................................................................................12
4.6
Fiber Optics Cables ................................................................................13
Helpful Hints ..................................................................................................15
5.1
Handling Fiber Optic Cables .................................................................15
5.2
Connecting the Fiber Optics ..................................................................15
5.3
Batteries....................................................................................................15
Appendix A Health & Safety Certification ........................................... A-1
Appendix B FCC Regulations .....................................................................B-1
Appendix C Instrument Interference .......................................................C-1
Appendix D Safety Around Explosive Devices ................................ D-1
ii
pulseEKKO PRO TLF-A Transmitter
pulseEKKO PRO TLF-A Transmitter
1-Overview
Overview
This manual describes how to use the pulseEKKO PRO Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR)
system transmitter.
System Assembly
& Startup:
Section 2 on page 3 discusses in detail the step by step procedure for
assembling the pulseEKKO PRO system and connecting the transmitter to it.
Troubleshooting:
Section 3 on page 9 presents some simple steps the user should go
through when the transmitter is not working as it should.
Care and Maintenance: Section 4 on page 11 discusses procedures for the care and maintenance of your pulseEKKO transmitter.
Helpful Hints:
Based on years of experience, Section 5 lists some helpful hints to
help make data collection and field operations run as smooth as possible.
Users should read Sensors & Software’s statement on issues regarding health
and safety in Appendix A - Health & Safety Certification.
1-Overview
pulseEKKO PRO TLF-A Transmitter
pulseEKKO PRO TLF-A Transmitter
2-System Assembly and Startup
System Assembly and Startup
The modular design of the pulseEKKO Pro GPR makes the system very flexible and readily fieldportable. There are four essential components to the radar system: the control or console unit,
the transmitter assembly, the receiver assembly and the Digital Video Logger (DVL). The
transmitter and receiver assemblies are connected to the console unit via appropriate fiber optics
cables and the console is connected to the DVL via a RS232 cable (Figure 2-1). This section
discusses the detailed steps to follow to assemble the whole pulseEKKO Pro system.
Figure: 2-1
2.1
Antenna Assembly
The procedures for assembling the transmitter and receiver antennas are identical. A detailed
diagram of this assembly can be found in Figure 2-2. The assembly steps are as follows:
a) Check the two male brass antenna connector pins for damage; replace if necessary.
Insert the pins into the two threaded holes in the center of the antennas. Tighten the
pins finger-tight. DO NOT APPLY UNDUE FORCE !
b) Insert and tighten the two female brass antenna sockets into the bottom of the
transmitter and receiver electronic boxes. Tighten the sockets finger-tight. DO NOT
APPLY UNDUE FORCE !
c) Attach the antenna mounting block to the antenna by using the flathead screwdriver
to tighten the 4 (four) quarter-turn fasteners, ensuring that the male brass antenna
pins protrude up the center holes of the mounting blocks. Quarter-turn fasteners work
by aligning the screw in the socket and the pressing downward and tightening a
2-System Assembly and Startup
pulseEKKO PRO TLF-A Transmitter
quarter of a turn. DO NOT APPLY UNDUE FORCE. It is usually best to have all the
screws properly aligned in their socket before tightening each one.
d) Carefully place the electronic boxes down onto the mounting block such that both
brass pins fully connect. Then use the 2 plastic draw latch connectors to hold the
electronics boxes on the mounting block.
e) With the transmitter and receiver power switched OFF, unlatch the 2 battery covers on
the sides of the electronics and open. Place one 12-volt battery on each side on the
electronics boxes making sure the positive (+) terminal faces inward toward the
electronics (the battery only fits properly in this orientation). Close and latch the
battery covers. Note that the system will run with only one 12 volt battery but using
two batteries is recommended.
f)
Attach the adjustable handle to the antenna using the flat head screwdriver to tighten
the 4 quarter-turn fasteners as with the mounting block. This handle can then be
adjusted for height by loosening the 2 knurled knobs by hand, moving the handle to
the desired height and retightening the knobs (Figure 2-2).
Figure: 2-2
2.2
Connecting up the Radar
Once the antennas are assembled, the next step is to connect the antennas to the console and
the console to the DVL. Refer to Figure 2-1.
a) Check the fiber optic cables for damage by holding one end towards a light source
and looking into the other end. If light is not transmitted through the cable or appears
dim, then replace or repair the cable. Inspect the cable for any kinks or signs of damage and, again, repair if necessary.
pulseEKKO PRO TLF-A Transmitter
2-System Assembly and Startup
b) Plug the black end of the single fiber optics cable (or dual fiber optics cable if you are
using a remote trigger or odometer; see below) into the INPUT (black) connector in
the transmitter and the other end into the single red receptacle labelled “Transmitter”
on the console.
c) Plug the dual fiber optics cable into the receiver, black to black and grey to grey, and
the other ends likewise into the double yellow receptacles labelled “Receiver” on the
radar console.
d) Using the RS232 cable, connect the console unit (white receptacle) to the serial port
on the DVL (the cable will only fit in one of the receptacles on the back of the DVL). It
is suggested that these connections be secured with proper screws to prevent
accidental disconnection during operation.
e) Connect the DVL to Power Supply Cable to the 9-socket connector on the back of the
DVL. Then connect the Power Cable Extension with Alligator Clips to the end of the
DVL to Power Supply Cable. The alligator clips can then be connected to a 12 Volt
battery. Make sure that the black clip is attached to the negative (-) and the red clip is
attached to the positive (+) battery terminals. If the alligator clips are connected to the
wrong terminals of the battery, the DVL will not be powered. When the DVL is
receiving power the upper red light on the front of the DVL will be illuminated.
f)
Turn the transmitter and receiver ON by pressing the button on the top of each unit.
The red Power light should come on to indicate that power is being received. If not,
check that the batteries inside the Transmitter and Receiver are fully charged and
have been inserted the right way.
g) Turn the DVL ON by pressing any button on the front. As the DVL boots up, the lower
red light will come on and it will beep until it has fully booted up.
h) Connect the console power supply to the white POWER receptacle and turn power
supply ON, if necessary. If a battery cable is being used make sure that the black clip
is attached to the negative (-) and the red clip is attached to the positive (+) battery
terminals.
i)
Before actually storing data, allow the console to run to reach ambient operating
temperature. This time varies depending on outside temperature; however, 5 to 10
minutes is generally sufficient.
j)
When not collecting data, the transmitter, receiver and console should be turned OFF
to increase the life of the batteries.
Note that it is possible for the pulseEKKO Pro console and the DVL to share a
common 12 Volt power source like a battery. Simply connect the alligator clips on
the Console Power Supply cable and the Power Cable Extension with Alligator
Clips to the proper terminals of the battery.
2-System Assembly and Startup
2.3
pulseEKKO PRO TLF-A Transmitter
Adding Optional Items
2.3.1 Fiber Optic Remote Trigger and Beeper Unit
To attach the Fiber Optic Remote unit to the pulseEKKO Pro deluxe handles, remove the screw
near the top of one of the handles. Then attach the two pieces of the handle attachment
assembly (Figure 2-3) and replace the screw as shown. Now press the Fiber Optic Remote onto
the handle and twist it a quarter-turn into place.
Figure: 2-3
For PVC handles, attach the Fiber Optic Remote to the handle as shown in Figure 2-4.
Figure: 2-4
To connect up the fiber optic remote trigger and beeper unit you should have a dual fiber optic
cable for the console to transmitter connection plus a short single fiber optic cable (Figure 2-5).
One of the two cables on the dual fiber optic cable will, if the above directions were followed,
already be connected from the red transmitter receptacle on the console to the black (INPUT)
receptacle on the transmitter.
pulseEKKO PRO TLF-A Transmitter
2-System Assembly and Startup
Figure: 2-5
The steps necessary to complete the connection of the remote trigger and beeper unit are:
1) The black fiber optic cable of the dual cable connects from the red REMOTE
receptacle on the console to the OUTPUT (grey) fiber optic connector on the remote
trigger and beeper unit. This connection is necessary for the trigger part of the remote
trigger and beeper unit to work.
2) The short single fiber optic cable connects from the INPUT (black) fiber optic
connector on the remote trigger and beeper unit to the OUTPUT (grey) receptacle on
the transmitter. This connection is necessary for the beeper part of the remote trigger
and beeper unit to work.
During data acquisition, the beeper will emit a beep as data are being collected.
As well, when the radar system is run in Step mode, data acquisition can be controlled using the
button on the remote trigger and beeper unit.
2.3.2 Odometer
The pulseEKKO Pro odometer is useful for collecting data at a user defined stepsize (1 cm to 10
m) without the necessity of a tape measure or survey makers.
2-System Assembly and Startup
pulseEKKO PRO TLF-A Transmitter
The odometer has 2 settings: string and wheel. The wheel odometer setting can be used in
situations where a wheel or cart can easily be pulled across the surface. The string odometer
setting is useful when conditions are too rugged for the use of a wheel.
The odometer has both a fiber optic connection and an electrical connection (Figure 2-6). Either
connection can be used to connect the odometer to the console.
Figure: 2-6
1) Electrical Connection: To connect up the odometer using the electrical connection
you should have the proper cable for the console to odometer connection. Connect
the cable from the red electrical REMOTE receptacle on the console to the electrical
receptacle on the odometer. (Figure 2-6a)
2) Fiber Optic Connection: To connect up the odometer using the fiber optic
connection you should have a dual fiber optic cable for the console to transmitter
connection. One of the two cables on the dual fiber optic cable will, if the above
directions were followed, already be connected from the red transmitter receptacle on
the console to the INPUT (black) receptacle on the transmitter. (Figure 2-6b)
To complete the connection of the odometer the black fiber optic cable of the dual cable connects
from the red REMOTE receptacle on the console to the grey fiber optic connector on the
odometer.
With either of these connections made, when the radar system is run in Step mode, data
acquisition is controlled by the odometer.
pulseEKKO PRO TLF-A Transmitter
3-Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting
In this section, a thorough discussion of the error conditions will be presented together with a
systematic step-by-step procedure for tracking down the source of the problem.
3.1
Transmitter Problem: No Signal on Screen
a) In Graph mode try the Automatic timezero search. Keep the antennas about one
antenna length apart.
b) If the error comes up “No Signal Found” then try using the Full Search option in Graph
mode timezero search to look for the pulse.
If the pulse still cannot be found do the following checks:
Make sure the transmitter battery is properly charged and connected.
Check the condition of the single fiber optic cable to the transmitter, looking for any signs of
stress or damage. Replace or repair if needed.
Check that the brass antenna sockets in the bottom of the transmitter and the brass antenna pins
in the top of the antenna are properly tightened. Also check that there is a good contact between
them.
Set the system up with a time window of 1500 ns, stacks at 1024 and sampling interval at 800ps.
Unplug the grey transmitter fiber optics at the console.
With the system running, look for a red light coming from the grey hole in the console (single
hole). Plug this cable back in and unplug the INPUT (black) cable at the transmitter. Check for a
red light coming from the cable.
If the above process fails while checking the light in the cable then replace the cable.
If the above process fails while checking the light in the console, carefully remove the back from
the console unit and check the short fiber optic cables inside the unit. As a test, these short
sections of cable may be bypassed by plugging the long transmitter fiber optic cable directly into
the electronics. Replace or polish the short cable if needed.
c) If the signal is still not found, set the system up with the maximum time window (2048
ns on older systems, 32000 ns on newer systems) and stacks at one. Run in Graph
mode and use the Full Search option to look for signal. If the pulse is visible on the
trace, adjust it to the shaded region. Now you should be able to change the time
window back to the desired length and have timezero visible.
d) If the signal is still not found, contact Sensors & Software Inc.
3-Troubleshooting
pulseEKKO PRO TLF-A Transmitter
10
pulseEKKO PRO TLF-A Transmitter
4.1
4-Care and Maintenance
Care and Maintenance
General
To operate the pulseEKKO Pro equipment in a geophysical field environment, the user should
exercise the normal care afforded other field instrumentation. Items that require specific
maintenance procedures are listed below together with detailed descriptions of the procedures.
All the equipment is ‘shower proof’ but will not tolerate total immersion. If the equipment is
immersed in water, open up the affected box, and dry it out before operating. If the equipment is
operated in very humid conditions, open up the boxes occasionally and allow the components to
dry out. Condensation inside the console may occur in cold, wet climates. If condensation is
seen, open up the console and dry out before applying power.
The interior of the console can become very hot very quickly if exposed to strong, direct sunlight.
High temperatures can affect system electronics and may lead to failures. Try to keep the
console well insulated against extreme temperatures. If a suspected heat failure does occur, stop
the system and allow it to cool down before retrying.
The equipment is housed in heavy duty boxes and can withstand a reasonable amount of
physical abuse. Items that are particularly sensitive to damage are the following.
4.2
Radar Unit
If operated in dusty conditions the console receptacles and fiber optic sockets may become dusty
inside. In such conditions open the unit up on a regular basis and blow out or vacuum all the
dust. It is best to place the plastic connector plugs into the receptacles when not in use.
4.3
Battery Power Requirements
The pulseEKKO Pro console is designed to operate from a 12 volts DC, 3 to 4 amp source such
as batteries or power supply. The input voltage tolerance is 10.2 volts to 15 volts. The console
draws 1 amp.
The transmitter employs one or two 12-volt batteries and draw less than 1 amp. They will, under
normal conditions, run for 4 hours or more on a pair of 2.3 AH batteries. Sets of rechargeable
lead-acid batteries are provided with the system for the transmitter.
4.4
Transmitter and Receiver Battery Maintenance
The pulseEKKO Pro transmitter both use one or two 12-volt sealed lead acid batteries. If they
are maintained in a charged condition they will give long life and reliable service. Improper use
and maintenance will greatly reduce their life.
Sealed lead acid batteries should NEVER be left in a discharged condition for any period of time.
Charge the batteries as soon as possible after use.
11
4-Care and Maintenance
pulseEKKO PRO TLF-A Transmitter
Charge batteries at room temperature whenever possible.
The receiver and transmitter contain a voltage monitoring circuit that will turn off the unit when the
input voltage drops below 10.2 volts. If the voltage of the discharged batteries is measured some
time after they have been changed it will be higher than 10.2 volts (this is normal). Do not mix
charged and discharged batteries and DO NOT attempt to use discharged batteries a second
time.
If a battery has been deeply discharged or left in a discharged condition for some period of time it
may not accept charge immediately when it is connected to the charger (The fast charge LED will
not light). If the fast charge light does not come on within 6 hours the battery should be
considered damaged and discarded.
Do not assume that a battery that is still charging after 8 hours is nearing the end
of its charge cycle. Typical charging time for an empty battery is 12 hours from
start of fast charge. When charging a depleted battery it is normal for the charge
light to go out after 6-8 hours. The charger has gone into trickle mode only and
the battery must remain in the charger for the minimum 12 hours required.
Ensure that the batteries are fully charged before storing. If practical, store the batteries in a cool
place, 10 C (a refrigerator is ideal), but make sure the temperature is not likely to drop below 30 C or the electrolyte may freeze and possibly split the case.
4.5
Testing Batteries
If you are experiencing reduced operation time with either your pulseEKKO Pro Transmitter the
problem will be the result of a damaged 12 V Battery or a poor battery connection in one of the
battery compartments. The pulseEKKO Pro Transmitter is designed to operate while using a 12V
battery in one battery compartment or both battery compartments. This feature can be used to
load test the batteries, as outlined below:
a) Label all batteries so that they can be distinguished from one another.
b) Insert fully charged suspect battery into the battery compartment of either the
Transmitter or Receiver unit.
c) Open the empty top battery compartment and measure the D.C. voltage at the two
contact points on the battery holder plate. A suspect battery will show a substantial
drop in voltage when the battery is loaded down (POWER ON) and will slowly drop to
less than 10 V after 2 hours of monitoring voltage. A good battery will remain at 12 V
or higher after 2 hours of monitoring voltage.
12
pulseEKKO PRO TLF-A Transmitter
4-Care and Maintenance
All battery compartments should be checked periodically for proper operation. Take a known
good battery and install into the four battery compartments. Ensure the power light activates with
no intermittent operation. If the power light will not activate look in the battery compartment and
check the battery contact for signs of excessive stress. Also check the condition of the 2A fuse
wiring. If the problem persists, remove the six screws holding the battery plate in place and lift
upwards. On the bottom of the battery plate you will see a small circuit board that extends the
battery input to the power switch. Check the connections to and from this board. Please contact
Sensors & Software Inc. should all the above fail to resolve the problem.
4.6
Fiber Optics Cables
These cables can stand a great deal of abrasive wear but the user should avoid sharp bends in
the cable, pulling the cable at right angles close to the fiber optics connectors, or allowing the
unprotected ends to get dirty or scratched. Erratic timezero jumps usually indicate a cracked
cable. If problems are encountered with the fiber optics cables, repair is very straightforward and
is outlined in detail below. The best policy is to carry spares. Short fiber optic cables are located
inside each of the units. These short cables may need cleaning and polishing from time to time.
13
4-Care and Maintenance
pulseEKKO PRO TLF-A Transmitter
14
pulseEKKO PRO TLF-A Transmitter
5.1
5-Helpful Hints
Helpful Hints
Handling Fiber Optic Cables
The fiber optic cables are the most fragile component in the system. They can be easily
damaged by misuse.
When handling the fiber optic cables always roll and unroll them as if they were on a spool. DO
NOT roll them around your arm like a rope or extension cord. Also, these cables do not twist,
therefore laying the roll on the ground and pulling the cable off will cause the cables to tangle.
5.2
Connecting the Fiber Optics
Always push in and remove the cable by holding the strain relief jacket or the plastic end
connector. Pulling on the cable will loosen the crimp and damage the cable. After connecting the
fiber optic cables to the antenna electronic boxes, loosely loop the cable and tape off some slack
onto the handles. Most breaks occur right at the cable ends when they are accidentally pulled.
5.3
Batteries
Replace batteries before they go dead. Nothing is more annoying than losing data in the middle
of a traverse. Only operate continuously for about 3 hours before replacing unless you have
new, well charged batteries. Carry plenty of spares.
15
5-Helpful Hints
pulseEKKO PRO TLF-A Transmitter
16
pulseEKKO PRO TLF-A Transmitter
Appendix A - Health & Safety Certification
Appendix A Health & Safety Certification
Radio frequency electromagnetic fields may pose a health hazard when the fields are intense.
Normal fields have been studied extensively over the past 30 years with no conclusive epidemiology relating electromagnetic fields to health problems. Detailed discussions on the subject are
contained in the references and the web sites listed below.
The USA Federal Communication Commission (FCC) and Occupational Safety and Health
Administration (OSHA) both specify acceptable levels for electromagnetic fields. Similar power
levels are mandated by corresponding agencies in other countries. Maximum permissible exposures and time duration specified by the FCC and OSHA vary with excitation frequency. The lowest threshold plane wave equivalent power cited is 0.2 mW/cm2 for general population over the
30 to 300 MHz frequency band. All other applications and frequencies have higher tolerances as
shown in graphically in Figure A-1.
Figure A-1: FCC limits for maximum permissible exposure (MPE) plane-wave equivalent power density mW/cm2.
All Sensors & Software Inc. pulseEKKO, Noggin and Conquest products are normally operated
at least 1 m from the user and as such are classified as “mobile” devices according to the FCC.
Typical power density levels at a distance of 1 m or greater from any Sensors & Software Inc.
product are less than 10-3 mW/cm2 which are 200 to 10,000 times lower than mandated limits.
As such, Sensors & Software Inc. products pose no health and safety risk when operated in the
normal manner of intended use.
A-1
Appendix A - Health & Safety Certification
pulseEKKO PRO TLF-A Transmitter
References
1. Questions and answers about biological effects and potential hazards of radio-frequency electromagnetic field
USA Federal Communications Commission, Office of Engineering & Technology
OET Bulletin 56
(Contains many references and web sites)
2. Evaluation Compliance with FCC Guidelines for Human Exposure to Radio Frequency Electromagnetic Fields.
USA Federal Communications Commission, Office of Engineering & Technology
OET Bulletin 56
(Contains many references and web sites)
3. USA Occupational Safety and Health Administration regulations paragraph 1910.67 and 1910.263.
Web Sites
www.fcc.gov/Bureau/EngineeringTechnlogy/Documents/bulletin
www.osha-slc.gov/SLTC (see radio frequency)
A-2
pulseEKKO PRO TLF-A Transmitter
Appendix B
Appendix B - FCC Regulations
FCC Regulations
This device complies with Part 15 of the USA Federal Communications Commission (FCC)
Rules. Operation in the USA is subject to the following two conditions:
(1) this device may not cause harmful interference and
(2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause
undesired operation.
Part 15 – User Information
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device,
where applicable, and for an ultrawide bandwidth (UWB) device where applicable, pursuant to
Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against
harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in
accordance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in
which case the user will be required to correct the interference at his own expense.
WARNING
Changes or Modifications not expressly approved by Sensors & Software Inc. could void the
user’s authority to operate the equipment.
Certification of this equipment has been carried out using approved cables and peripheral
devices. The use of non-approved or modified cables and peripheral devices constitutes a
Change or Modification outlined in the warning above.
Operating Restrictions
Operation of this device is limited to purposes associated with law enforcement, fire fighting,
emergency rescue, scientific research, commercial mining, or construction. Parties operating
this equipment must be eligible for licensing under the provisions of Part 90 of this chapter.
FCC Interpretation of Operation Restrictions issued July 12, 2002
(FCC Order DA02-1658, paragraph 9)
The regulations contain restrictions on the parties that are eligible to operate imaging systems. 1
Under the new regulations, GPRs and wall imaging systems may be used only by law enforcement, fire and emergency rescue organizations, by scientific research institutes, by commercial
mining companies, and by construction companies. Since the adoption of the Order, we have
received several inquiries from the operators of GPRs and wall imaging systems noting that
these devices often are not operated by the users listed in the regulations but are operated under
contract by personnel specifically trained in the operation of these devices. We do not believe
that the recent adoption of the UWB rules should disrupt the critical safety services that can be
1.
See 47 C.F.R. §§15.509(b), 15.511(b), and 15.513(b)
B-1
Appendix B - FCC Regulations
pulseEKKO PRO TLF-A Transmitter
performed effectively only through the use of GPRs and wall imaging systems. We viewed these
operating restrictions in the broadest of terms. For example, we believe that the limitation on the
use of GPRs and wall imaging systems by construction companies encompasses the inspection
of buildings, roadways, bridges and runways even if the inspection finds no damage to the structure and construction does not actually result from the inspection; the intended purpose of the
operation of the UWB device is to determine if construction is required. We also believe that the
GPRs and wall imaging systems may be operated for one of the purposes described in the regulations but need not be operated directly by one of the described parties. For example, a GPR
may be operated by a private company investigating forensic evidence for a local police department.
FCC Permitted Mode of Usage
The GPR antenna must be kept on the surface to be in compliance with FCC regulations. Use of
the antenna is not permitted if it is lifted off the surface. Use as a through-the-wall imaging
device is prohibited.
GPR Use Coordination
FCC regulation 15.525(c) requires users of GPR equipment to coordinate the use of their GPR
equipment as described below:
a) UWB imaging systems require coordination through the FCC before
the equipment may be used. The operator shall comply with any constraints on equipment usage resulting from this coordination.
b) The users of UWB imaging devices shall supply operational areas to
the FCC Office of Engineering and Technology, which shall coordinate
this information with the Federal Government through the National
Telecommunications and Information Administration. The information
provided by the UWB operator shall include the name, address, and
other pertinent contact information of the user, the desired geographical area(s) of operation, and the FCC ID number and other nomenclature of the UWB device. If the imaging device is intended to be used
for mobile applications, the geographical area(s) of operation may be
the state(s) or county(ies) in which the equipment will be operated.
The operator of an imaging system used for fixed operation shall supply a specific geographical location or the address at which the equipment will be operated. This material shall be submitted to the following
address:
Frequency Coordination Branch., OET
Federal Communications Commission
445 12th Street, SW
Washington, D.C. 20554
ATTN: UWB Coordination
The form given on the following page is a suggested format for performing the coordination.
B-2
pulseEKKO PRO TLF-A Transmitter
Appendix B - FCC Regulations
FCC GROUND PENETRATING RADAR COORDINATION NOTICE
NAME:
ADDRESS:
CONTACT INFORMATION [CONTACT NAME AND PHONE NUMBER]:
AREA OF OPERATION [COUNTIES, STATES OR LARGER AREAS]:
FCC ID: [E.G. QJQ-PE-PRO-TLF-A)]
EQUIPMENT NOMENCLATURE: [ E.G. PULSEEKKO PRO TLF-A]
Send the information to:
Frequency Coordination Branch., OET
Federal Communications Commission
445 12th Street, SW
Washington, D.C. 20554
ATTN: UWB Coordination
Fax:
202-418-1944
INFORMATION PROVIDED IS DEEMED CONFIDENTIAL
B-3
Appendix B - FCC Regulations
pulseEKKO PRO TLF-A Transmitter
B-4
pulseEKKO PRO TLF-A Transmitter
Appendix C
Appendix C - Instrument Interference
Instrument Interference
Immunity regulations place the onus on instrument/apparatus/device manufacturers to assure
that extraneous interference will not unduly cause an instrument/apparatus/device to stop functioning or to function in a faulty manner.
Based on independent testing house measurements, Sensors & Software Inc. systems comply
with such regulations in Canada, USA, European Community and most other jurisdictions. GPR
devices can sense electromagnetic fields. External sources of electromagnetic fields such as TV
stations, radio stations and cell phones, can cause signals detectable by a GPR which may
degrade the quality of the data that a GPR device records and displays.
Such interference is unavoidable but sensible survey practice and operation by an experienced
GPR practitioner can minimize such problems. In some geographic areas emissions from external sources may be so large as to preclude useful measurements. Such conditions are readily
recognized and accepted by the professional geophysical community as a fundamental limitation
of geophysical survey practice. Such interference being present in the GPR recordings is not
considered as an equipment fault or as a failure to comply with immunity regulations.
C-1
Appendix C - Instrument Interference
pulseEKKO PRO TLF-A Transmitter
C-2
pulseEKKO PRO TLF-A Transmitter
Appendix D
Appendix D - Safety Around Explosive Devices
Safety Around Explosive Devices
Concerns are expressed from time to time on the hazard of GPR products being used near blasting caps and unexploded ordnance (UXO). Experience with blasting caps indicates that the
power of Sensors & Software Inc.’s GPR products are not sufficient to trigger blasting caps.
Based on a conservative independent testing house analysis, we recommend keeping the GPR
transmitters at least 5 feet (2m) from blasting cap leads as a precaution. Some customers do
experimental trials with their particular blasting devices to confirm with safety. We strongly recommend that GPR users routinely working with explosive devices develop a systematic safety
methodology in their work areas.
The UXO issue is more complex and standards on fuses do not exist for obvious reasons. To
date, no problems have been reported with any geophysical instrument used for UXO. Since
proximity and vibration are also critical for UXO, the best advice is to be cautious and understand
the risks.
D-1
Appendix D - Safety Around Explosive Devices
pulseEKKO PRO TLF-A Transmitter
D-2

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