Shyam Telecom DB5R33-8501900 Dual Band Repeater Cellular-850 + PCS-1900 User Manual User s manual for

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Document Author:	shyam

Next Generation
Signal Enhancement
RF / DBR Series
OPERATION & INSTALLATION MANUAL
DB5R (Dual Band)
850 Cellular & 1900 PCS For Outdoor Applications
October 2007
Proprietary Information
The information contained herein is proprietary to Shyam Telecom Limited.
Unauthorized access, copy and replication are prohibited. This document must
not be copied in whole or part by any means or it shall not be disclosed or
divulged to any third Party without the prior written consent of Shyam Telecom
Limited.
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Contents
1. Document History ......................................................................................... 4
2. Disclaimer...................................................................................................... 5
3. Safety Instructions and Warnings ............................................................... 5
3.1. Personnel Safety....................................................................................5
3.2. Equipment Safety...................................................................................5
3.3. Electrostatic Sensitivity ..........................................................................6
4. Introduction ................................................................................................... 7
4.1. Purpose .................................................................................................7
4.2. Scope.....................................................................................................7
4.3. Definitions ..............................................................................................7
4.4. References ............................................................................................8
4.5. General ..................................................................................................8
5. Functional Description Of DB5R Dual Band Repeater............................... 9
5.1. General Description ...............................................................................9
6. To Get started-Basic Software Control Of the Repeater.......................... 13
6.1. General ................................................................................................13
6.2. Terminal Set-up ...................................................................................13
6.3. Modules In DB5R-Description..............................................................20
7. DB5R Repeater Specifications................................................................... 24
7.1. Electrical Specifications-RF .................................................................24
7.2. Electrical Specification Power Requirement ........................................24
7.3. External Electrical Interface .................................................................24
7.4. Mechanical Specification .....................................................................24
7.5. Environmental Specification.................................................................25
7.6 Contents of Delivery............................................................................25
8. Installation ................................................................................................... 26
8.1. Preparation Sheet- Pre Installation ......................................................26
8.2. Engineering Consideration...................................................................27
8.3. Installation Tools ..................................................................................29
8.4. Installation Procedure ..........................................................................29
8.5. Repeater Gain Settings........................................................................30
8.6. Commissioning ....................................................................................31
8.7. Dos & Don’t Dos ..................................................................................31
8.7.Checklist – Post Installation ..................................................................33
9. System Maintenance................................................................................... 34
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9.1. General ................................................................................................34
9.2. Preventative Maintenance ...................................................................34
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1. Document History
Document Document Document Author Edited
Number
Name
date
by
DB5R
Dual
Band
Repeater
Revision
Approved by
Revision
October
2007
Revised Section
Date/Sign
Intentionally Left Blank
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2. Disclaimer
Every attempt has been made to make this material complete, accurate, and
up-to-date. Users are cautioned, however, that Shyam Telecom Limited
reserves the right to make changes without notice and shall not be
responsible for any damages including consequential, caused by reliance of
the contents presented, including, but not limited to, typographical,
arithmetical, or listing errors.
Product name(s) referenced in this document may be trademarks or
registered trademarks of their respective companies, and are hereby
acknowledged.
In areas with unstable power grids (mains) all repeaters must be installed with
a voltage regulator ensuring a constant voltage level at the repeater power
input. A maximum voltage deviation should remain within the input range to
the repeaters for warranty purposes.
All antennas must be installed with lighting protection. Damage to internal
modules, as a result of lightning is not covered in the warranty.
3. Safety Instructions and Warnings
3.1. Personnel Safety
Before installing or replacing any equipment, the entire manual should be
read and understood. The user needs to supply the appropriate AC power to
the Repeater. Incorrect AC power settings can damage the repeater and may
cause injury to the user.
Throughout this manual, there are "Caution" warnings, "Caution" calls
attention to a procedure or practice, which, if ignored, may result in injury or
damage to the system or system component or even the user. Do not
perform any procedure preceded by a "Caution" until the described
conditions are fully understood and met.
3.2. Equipment Safety
When installing, replacing or using this product, observe all safety
precautions during handling and operation. Failure to comply with the
following general safety precautions and with specific precautions described
elsewhere in this manual violates the safety standards of the design,
manufacture, and intended use of this product. Shyam Telecom Limited
assumes no liability for the customer's failure to comply with these
precautions. This entire manual should be read and understood before
operating or maintaining the repeater system.
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CAUTION
Calls attention to a procedure or practice which, if not followed, may result in
personal injury, damage to the system or damage to individual components. Do
not
perform
any
procedure
preceded
by
CAUTION until described conditions are fully understood and met.
WARNING! This equipment complies with FCC & IC radiation exposure limits
set forth for an uncontrolled environment. This transmitter must not be colocated or operating in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter.
The unit with server antenna must be installed to provide minimum 110 cm
separation distance between the server antenna and the body of user or near
by person. The donor antenna used for this transmitter must be fixedmounted on outdoor permanent structures with a separation distance of at
least 1.5 meters from all persons during normal operation.
The RF electric performance of the repeater conforms to FCC requirement of
the inter modulation and spurious emission. It avoids interference problems.
3.3. Electrostatic Sensitivity
CAUTION
ESD = ELECTROSTATIC DISCHARGE SENSITIVE DEVICE
Observe electrostatic precautionary procedures.
Semiconductor transmitters and receivers provide highly reliable performance
when operated in conformity with the intentions of their design. However, a
semiconductor may be damaged by an electrostatic charge inadvertently
imposed by careless handling.
Static electricity can be conducted to the semiconductor chip from the centre
pin of the RF input connector, and through the AC connector pins. When
unpacking and otherwise handling the Repeater, follow ESD precautionary
procedures including the use of grounded wrist straps, grounded workbench
surfaces, and grounded floor mats.
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4. Introduction
4.1. Purpose
The purpose of this document is to describe the electrical and mechanical
specifications, operation and maintenance of the DB5R Dual Band Repeater.
4.2. Scope
This document is the product description of the Shyam DB5R Dual Band
Repeater for outdoor application.
4.3. Definitions
AGC
ALC
APC
BCCH
BTS
BSEL
CDMA
CMC
CMB
CSEL
DCS
DL
Automatic Gain Control
Automatic Level Control
Automatic Power Control
Broadcast Control Channel
Base Transceiver Station
Band Selective
Coded Division Multiple Access
Configuration & Monitoring Console software
Combiner Unit
Channel Selective
Digital Communication System
Downlink signal (from base station via repeater to
mobile station)
Extended Global System for Mobile Communication
European Telecommunications Standard Institute
Global System for Mobile communication
Location Area Code of the BTS site
Light Emitting Diode
Low Noise Amplifier
Local Oscillator
Mobile Station
Mobile Switching Center
Network Management System
Personal Communication Network
Personal Communication System
Power Supply Unit
Radio Frequency
Remote Management System
Received Signal Strength Indication
Real Time Clock
Total Access Communication System
Time Division Multiple Access
Uplink signal direction (from mobile station via
repeater to base station)
EGSM
ETSI
GSM
LAC
LED
LNA
LO
MS
MSC
NMS
PCN
PCS
PSU
RF
RMS
RSSI
RTC
TACS
TDMA
UL (Uplink)
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4.4. References
[1] ETS 300 086.
Radio Equipment and Systems Land mobile service Technical
characteristics and test conditions for radio equipment with an internal or
external RF connector intended primarily for analogue speech.
[2] ETS 300 609-4.
Digital cellular telecommunications system (phase 2): Base Station
Systems (BSS) equipment specification: Part 4: Repeaters.
[3] ETS 300 342-3
Radio Equipment and Systems (RES); Electro-Magnetic Compatibility
(EMC) for European Digital Cellular Telecommunications systems. Base
Station Radio and ancillary equipment and Repeaters meeting phase 2
GSM requirements.
4.5. General
Mobile Communications Systems are planned as cellular systems and each
cell of the base station is required to provide RF coverage over a certain
geographical area as per defined RF power levels. Due to the RF propagation
properties, even using high radiated RF powers or complicated antenna
systems, there are zones within the coverage area where the RF signal
strength from base station remains inadequate for establishing the desired
connectivity to mobile users.
Repeaters traditionally are deployed in the Mobile Communication network to
fill in the “Dead Zones” caused by blocking of signals by geographic
topologies such as mountains, valleys, dense foliage, high rising urban
landscapes and other man-made structures. The distance from the base
station also adversely affects the RF signal strength. The user views
repeaters as a means to extend base station coverage so as to reduce the
number of base stations and thereby accelerate network availability.
Repeater systems are installed after meticulous planning between BTSs and
the mobile users to provide RF coverage in the shadowed regions. Repeater
systems are available for different applications and ultimate choice shall
depend on some of the factors mentioned below:
•
•
•
•
Area to be provided with coverage.
Indoor/outdoor coverage.
Availability of BTSs in the vicinity.
Antenna isolation to be achieved.
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5. Functional Description Of DB5R Dual Band Repeater
5.1. General Description
The DB5R Dual Band Repeater System is designed to provide outdoor
coverage and can handle signals in up to five sub bands with 3+2
configuration (maximum) in two of the service bands, used around the World
by various service operators. It provides highly selective amplification in the
pre-set frequency bands. The details of operating service frequency bands
are given below:
S.NO.
Service Band
DL Frequency (MHz)
UL Frequency (MHz)
1.
SMR 800
851-866
806-821
2.
Cellular
869-894
824-849
3.
SMR 900
935-941
896-902
4.
EGSM
925-960
880-915
5.
GSM 900
935-960
890-915
6.
DCS
1805-1880
1710-1785
7.
PCS
1930-1990
1850-1910
8.
UMTS
2110-2170
1920-1980
The Customer is requested to refer to the packing list giving the details of
frequency band set & the bandwidths of different sub bands equipped in the
repeater (FCC & IC applications only apply for Cellular & PCS band operations).
•
The DB5R repeater is designed to provide optimal coverage, the area
covered shall primarily depend on RF power radiated, manmade
structures in the area (high rise buildings), the geographical topologies
and availability of reflecting surfaces.
•
The ultimate performance & coverage shall depend on the obstructions
blocking/absorbing of the RF signals by various objects between the
Server antenna of RF repeater and the mobile users.
•
The repeater is specifically designed for the Operators who are
allocated frequency spectrum in different service bands and noncontiguous sub bands are specified.
•
The repeater adopts duplex mode and bi-directional amplification for
U/L & D/L signals between the base station and mobile users.
•
It receives signals from the BTS through a DONOR antenna (highly
directional outdoor antenna) and distributes the signals to mobile users
after amplification through a set of SERVER antennas (omni/patch
directional) system in the D/L.
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•
In the U/L, the signals from the mobile users are picked up by
SERVER antenna and retransmitted to the BTS after amplification.
•
The repeater finds applications in tunnels, highways, large size
airports, and open market areas etc. where traffic requirement is high.
•
The system can be incorporated with optional Remote Management
System (RMS) which can be used for configuration and monitoring the
status of the link. It helps not only speedy maintenance but remote
configuration also through wireless modem.
The repeater consists of the following modules/units:
• LNA
• Converter modules
• Power amplifiers
• Power supply module
• Duplexer filters for transmit/receive directions
• Supervisory module
• Diplexer Unit for segregating bands
• A metallic case houses the repeater. Arrangement is made for heat
dissipation especially for amplifiers, which generate more heat. The
choice of suitable metal as the case material gives a lightweight design
with good heat conduction and waterproof protection. The housing
conforms to IP65 (NEMA 5) standards.
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Donor
Antenna
DB5R
Power supply
cable
Server
Antenna
BTS
Figure 1: DB5R Repeater-Different Constituents
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Area to be served
RF cable from
server
RF cable from
donor antenna
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Figure 2: DB5R Repeater - Application in a Urban Area
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6. To Get started-Basic Software Control Of the Repeater
6.1. General
The repeater is equipped with a supervisory module that allows the
monitoring and control of various parameters such as RF power, attenuation,
temperature, status of door and alarm conditions etc.
The communication interface between the local terminal and the control
module can be set up using the Configuration & Monitoring Console software
(CMC), which is an easy to use GUI for simple control and monitoring. This
way, the parameters can be easily observed and adjusted from the display
terminal.
This can be performed either via a terminal (PC/laptop) locally, or via remote
login through the wireless modem (Optional) located in the repeater. USB port
is provisioned in the equipment for connecting PC/laptop.
6.2. Terminal Set-up
The system is delivered with software loaded in order to perform configuration
as per requirement. It also enables monitoring the status. Configuration of
parameters can be carried out locally with the help of laptop / PC connected
to the repeater by means of local USB serial interface or remotely via wireless
modem (Optional) mounted inside the repeater. The laptop/PC should be
loaded with the CMC software available on the supplied CD along with the
USB driver.
I) LOGIN-Repeater (Figure 3)
After running the repeater Configuration & Monitoring Console (CMC), user
needs to login the repeater, sequence as under, may be followed:
•
•
•
•
Click the “LOGIN” on the command bar.
Select the user type (ADMINSTRATOR or SUPERVISOR).
Enter the password.
Finally click the “OK”.
A message “Logged in successfully” will appear on the screen after
successful login. There are two types of users viz. ADMINISTRATOR and
SUPERVISOR. If user logged in as an ADMINISTRATOR, all the functions
can be performed through the CMC. By default, the password for both
users is “SHYAM”.
SUPERVISOR is allowed to perform monitoring of the status & alarms but
no change in configuration is permitted. However, the SUPERVISOR can
change password if so desired.
II) CONFIGURATION
Configuring repeater means setting the repeater parameters for operation
as per the requirement at site.
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Click on the command bar to display the configuration window, which
allows access to all the configurable repeater parameters. User can login
for configuration of repeater parameters.
•
•
SET is for updating the repeater parameters.
READ is for confirming the parameters set during the
configuration.
Information as detailed below, can be configured after
“Configuration” window is activated:
the
Figure 3: Login Repeater
a. Repeater ID: User can assign a unique repeater ID to each repeater
installed. Up to 10 characters are allowed in this field. (Figure 4)
b. Repeater Location: User can assign the address of location where
repeater is installed. Up to 30 characters are allowed in this field.
(Figure 4)
c. Sub Bands (UL/DL Frequency Bands) Settings: The frequency
bandwidths of all the five sub bands or loaded sub bands in UL & DL
are defined. (Refer Figure 4)
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d. Thresholds Output Power: Maximum Output Power limit in UL & DL
for both the bands are set. A “PA Power high” alarm will be
generated when PA power exceeds the upper limit. (Refer Figure 4)
e. Thresholds RSSI Limits: Lower and Upper RSSI Limits in DL & UL
paths for both the bands are set. A RSSI High alarm will be generated
when RSSI exceeds the set upper limit, and a RSSI Low alarm will be
generated when RSSI goes below the set lower limit set. Upper range
that can be set varies from -35 to -55dBm. Lower range that can be
set varies from -75 to –95dBm. (Refer Figure 4)
Figure 4: Configuration window
f. Sub band ON/OFF: The equipped sub bands are brought in the ON
mode and others are put in OFF condition.
g. PA ON/OFF: User can set uplink and/or downlink PA as ON or OFF
independently for testing/maintenance purpose at the time of
installation for both the bands. (Please refer to Figure 4)
After completing the installation it must be in ON condition only.
h. Attenuation: The information regarding attenuation inserted in UL &
DL for both the bands is displayed.
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Figure 5: Monitoring & Alarm window
III) Monitoring (Figure 5)
In this window, the status of the system is monitored for the following
parameters/conditions:
S.NO.
1.
Parameters/Conditions
Remarks
Frequency Bandwidth for It displays the bandwidth in DL & UL of
each sub band equipped.
sub bands
2.
RSSI (DL) Band 1
3.
RSSI (DL) Band 2
4.
Attenuation Band 1 (DL)
5.
Attenuation Band 2 (DL)
6.
Attenuation Band 1 (UL)
7.
Attenuation Band 2 (UL)
8.
9.
Output Power Band 1(DL)
Output Power Band 2(DL)
Real time value of DL signal level for Band
1 is indicated.
Real time value of DL signal level for Band
2 is indicated.
Indicates attenuation inserted in the
system for the band in DL.
Indicates attenuation inserted in the
system for the band in DL.
Indicates attenuation inserted in the
system for the band in UL.
Indicates attenuation inserted in the
system for the band in UL.
Real time PA output power in dBm.
Real time PA output power in dBm.
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temperature
Real time PA output power in dBm.
Real time PA output power in dBm.
Displays the information about the sub
band equipped.
for Indicates the temperature of PA.
temperature
for Indicates the temperature of PA.
temperature
for Indicates the temperature of PA.
temperature
for Indicates the temperature of PA.
10.
11.
12.
Output Power Band 1(UL)
Output Power Band 2(UL)
Sub band ON/OFF
13.
PA (DL)
band 1.
PA (DL)
band 2.
PA (UL)
band 1.
PA (UL)
band 2.
14.
15.
16.
IV) Alarms (Figure 5)
Details of alarms displayed are detailed below:
S.NO.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
Alarm Indication
Remarks
DL RSSI Low (Band 1 & When the low RSSI is detected in any of
the two or both bands, limits as set by the
Band 2)
user.
DL RSSI High (Band 1 & When RSSI in DL path exceeds the upper
limit in any of the two or both bands, as set
Band 2)
by the user.
DL PA Power High (Band 1 & When PA Power in DL path exceeds the
upper limit in any of the two or both
Band 2)
bands, set by user.
DL PA Power Low (Band 1 & When PA Power in DL path exceeds the
lower limit in any of the two or both
Band 2)
bands, set by user.
DL Auto PA OFF (Band 1 & When PA Auto OFF is detected in any of
the two or both bands in DL path.
Band 2)
DL Manual PA OFF (Band 1 When PA Manual OFF is detected in any
of the two or both bands in DL path.
& Band 2)
When PA Temperature in DL path
DL PA Temperature High
exceeds the upper limit in any of the two
or both bands set by user.
When PA Temperature in UL path
UL PA Temperature High
exceeds the upper limit in any of the two
or both bands set by user.
Synthesizer
failure
(For When the synthesizer in any of the
equipped sub bands fails, relevant alarm
equipped sub bands in DL &
is displayed.
UL)
LNA failure for Band 1 & 2 in When LNA failure is detected in any of the
bands in DL.
DL
LNA failure for Band 1 & 2 in When LNA failure is detected in any of the
bands in UL.
UL
It indicates that ALC limit is exceeded.
ALC band 1`
It indicates that ALC limit is exceeded.
ALC band 2
Failure of AC mains to the system is
AC fail
indicated by this alarm.
Indicates the failure of 7 V DC supply.
7 V DC (A & B) failure
Indicates the failure of 12 V DC supply.
12 V DC failure
Indicates the failure of 27 V DC supply.
27 V DC (A & B) failure
Indicates the temperature of the system.
System Temperature
Indicates that the door has been opened.
Door Open
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Monitoring interval is 3 seconds i.e. after every 3 seconds data on the
monitoring window is refreshed.
A red indication is for Alarm present.
A green indication is for No alarm.
V) Communication Window (Figure 6)
In COMMUNICATION window, user can select serial communication port
of the computer and type of connection between repeater and computer.
There are two types of connections viz. Local and Remote
Local Connection: In this type of connection, User computer COM Port
and repeater’s USB Port are connected directly using cable. Sequence is
given below:
• Click the “COMM.” on the command bar to display the
COMMUNICATION window.
•
Select the Connection Type as “LOCAL”
•
Select the computer’s Comm. Port where the repeater is
connected.
•
Click “OK”.
Remote Connection: This connection is established through Wireless
Modem.
In this type of connection, User communicates from/to remote location
with the repeater using wireless Modem / Cell phone.
To connect:
•
Click the “COMM.” on the command bar to display the
COMMUNICATION window.
•
Select the Connection Type as “REMOTE”.
•
Select the computer’s Comm. Port where the wireless Modem
is connected.
•
Click “OK”.
•
Now click the DIALUP on the command bar to display the
DIALUP window.
•
Enter / Select the repeater phone number.
•
Click the “DIAL” and wait (maximum 60 seconds) for
connection.
A message “CONNECTED” will appear on the screen after the GSM
Connection is established.
Click the “DISCONNECT” on the DIALUP window to
disconnect remote communication with the repeater.
Wireless Modem (Optional) is equipped inside the housing of the
repeater and it can be easily located through a sticker provided on the
same. It has a groove with SIM cardholder in which the SIM card can be
inserted for remote communication.
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CAUTION
When the communication between repeater & PC/Laptop is in progress
through USB:
1. Do not remove cable from the USB port.
2. Do not switch off the repeater.
In case the communication is not required any more, click at EXIT before
removing cable from USB port to avoid hanging of the PC/Laptop. In case
the PC/Laptop goes in to hanging mode, it has to be restarted after
closing/switching OFF & ON the repeater.
VI) Security Settings (Figure 7)
The system has two levels of permitting Log in to the repeater to avoid
unauthorized operation. The levels are: ADMINISTRATOR &
SUPERVISOR.
Each level has a specific password. The password for each level can be
changed at intervals. ADMINISTRATOR has rights to perform all
functions Viz. Configuration, Monitoring etc. Whereas the SUPERVISOR
is allowed to perform limited functions like monitoring of alarms,
establishing communication etc.
Figure 6: Communication Window
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Figure 7: Password Settings
6.3. Modules In DB5R-Description
The signals intercepted through the Donor antenna in the DL pass through
different modules/units for further signal processing; the detail explanation is
about different modules/units is given below:
a. DONOR Antenna
Donor antenna of appropriate bandwidth & gain interfaces the BTS on one
side and repeater system on other side through RF cable. It is used to
intercept signals from the base station and switch electromagnetic waves
into RF signals in the DL and vice versa in the UL.
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Figure 8: Donor Antenna
The Donor antenna with 16 dB gain transfers the intercepted signals
to the repeater and transmits uplink signals amplified by the repeater.
b. Diplexer
The signals received in the DL, through the antenna are split for individual
band processing. The dual band outputs are fed to two different
duplexers. One Diplexer is also provided before the server antenna in
order to distribute combined signals to mobile users.
In the UL, signals received from server antenna are split and fed to two
duplexers for processing. The amplified signals from both the duplexers
are combined for further transmission through Donor antenna to BTS.
c. Duplexer
The main function of duplexer is to isolate the uplink frequency from the
downlink frequency, i.e. isolate transmit path from receive path. Four
duplexer units are provided in the repeater, two in the Donor antenna side
and two in the server antenna side. Each duplexer transfers/receives
signals from respective diplexer for further connectivity to low noise
amplifier. The bandwidth of the duplex filter depends on the operator’s
frequency band (25MHz, 15MHz, 10MHz, 9MHz, or full Band etc.).
d. Low Noise Amplifier (LNA)
This module is provided after duplexer before the converter. The LNA
provides compensation for the losses suffered by the stream of weak
signals as it passes through splitter/combiner & duplexer (passive
devices). Four LNAs are provided, two each for individual bands in the UL
& DL directions.
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e. Converter Module
The basic block of converter module comprises of L.O., frequency mixer,
filter and intermediate amplifier. The low noise amplified signals are
converted to IF in frequency mixer with frequency fed from LO. The
signals are passed through sharply tuned filters. Number of converters
equipped shall depend on the number of sub bands configured in the
system. Two converters (one for DL & one for UL) for each sub band are
provided.
f. Power Amplifier
It is the core module of repeater. It includes driver stage and final stage. It
is installed directly on the heat sink of the repeater. Driver stage and final
stage of power amplifier are in the same unit. Four power amplifiers with
specific frequency bandwidths & gain are provided, two each for individual
bands in the UL & DL directions.
g. Supervisory
The man-machine communication between the cellular operator and the
repeater is established through this module. One of the two options as
given below can be used for achieving this objective:
•
USB interface
•
Wireless modem (Optional)
Remote controlling function of repeater can be achieved by equipping
Wireless modem. This arrangement also enables status of repeaters at
different locations to be monitored.
h. POWER SUPPLY
The power supply unit incorporated in the repeater is of high efficiency
and reliability. Different DC voltages required for the operation of
electronic circuitries are derived in this unit. The standard input voltage is
100 to 240 V AC, 47 Hz to 63 Hz. When the power supply varies in this
range and the frequency in 47 to 60Hz, its output DC derived voltages
remain constant within 1% of nominal value.
i. SERVER Antenna
Server antenna transmits signals from the repeater station to mobile users
and transport received uplink signals from the mobile users to the base
station. Based on the coverage area, a set of select panel antennas with
suitable gains & N type connecters is installed at pre-planned spots.
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Figure 9: Server Antenna
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7. DB5R Repeater Specifications
7.1. Electrical Specifications-RF
S.NO.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
Parameter
Number of Bands
Frequency band in DL
path.
Frequency band in UL
path.
Number of RF Sub
bands
RF composite power
options DL
Spurious Emission
Automatic Power
Control
Repeater Gain
Attenuation range for
gain adjustment in DL &
UL
Gain flatness over band
Gain variation with
temperature
Total delay in the signal
path/direction
Noise figure
Impedance
Return loss
Power supply
RMS interface
Specified limits/Remarks
Two,
The bands are customized as per
requirement.
The bands are customized as per
requirement.
5 maximum in 3+2 configuration. Set as per
requirement of the customer.
+33 dBm
≤ 36dBm from 9 KHz to 1 GHz
≤ -30dBm from 1 GHz to 12.75 GHz
25 dB
85 dB (+-5dB)
31 dB in 1 dB step (Software control)
±2 dB
± 1.5 dB
5.5 microseconds.
5 dB Max.
50 Ohms
16 dB
100 to 240 V AC, 47/63 Hz
Wireless modem (optional), USB port for local
connection.
7.2. Electrical Specification Power Requirement
Parameters
Specified/Limits
Input AC Voltage Range
Power Consumption approx.
7.3. External Electrical Interface
Parameters
RF port UL
RF port DL
100-240 V, 47/63 Hz
175 watts (Varies as per number of sub bands
equipped)
Specification
N-type (F)
N-type (F)
7.4. Mechanical Specification
560x445x200 mm (22x17x8 inches)
Dimensions (w x h x d)
30 Kg. (72 lbs.)
Weight
Metal for Outdoor application
Housing
Bolt
Grounding Connection
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Grey
Convection
Housing Color
Cooling
7.5. Environmental Specification
Conditions
Specification
-35oC to +550C (-310F to +1310F)
Operating Temperature
-300C to +750C (-220F to +1670F)
IP-65 (NEMA 5)
Storage Temperature
Enclosure
7.6 Contents of Delivery
ITEMS
Repeater DB5R unit
PC interface cable for USB port
Power cable 3 pin
Operation & Installation manual
CD containing the application software
Wireless Modem (Optional)
Repeater Door Key
Screws, Nuts & Bolts for mounting
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QUANTITY
1 set
1 set
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8. Installation
8.1. Preparation Sheet- Pre Installation
Before the installation commences, a preparation sheet to examine the various
requirements is to be compiled as per detail given below:
1. General
Application: Outdoor
Service Band 1: Frequency Band DLService Band 2: Frequency Band DLNumber Of Sub Bands: six
Sub Band 1: Frequency Band
Sub Band 2: Frequency Band
Sub Band 3: Frequency Band
Sub Band 4: Frequency Band
Sub Band 5: Frequency Band
DLDLDLDLDL-
Frequency Band ULFrequency Band ULULULULULUL-
2. Technical requirements
S.NO.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
Requirement
Remarks
Estimated received signal strength available at
site where donor antenna is to be installed
Estimated cable loss from donor antenna to the
repeater unit
Estimated DL RF power to the input to the
repeater
Desired RF Power in DL
Proposed gain settings in DL path
Attenuator to be inserted in DL path
Estimated cable loss from repeater unit to
server antenna port
ERP at server antenna
Desired RF Power in UL
Proposed gain settings in UL path
Attenuator to be inserted in UL path
3. Proposed site Address:--------------------------4. User’s Address & other particulars:---------------------------------
Date:
Prepared by:-------------
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8.2. Engineering Consideration
a. Site Selection
Site selection is one of the most critical decisions affecting the overall
performance of the system. A repeater must be located where it can
receive the maximum signal from the donor site in order to maximize the
repeater’s output and performance, a signal strength greater than or equal
to -75dBm is desired.
Examples of repeater (and accompanying antenna) locations include (but
are not limited to): the roof of a building adjacent to the affected area, with
the antennas mounted at the highest point in the building; the top of the hill
that is obstructing the donor site’s coverage, with the antennas mounted on
poles at ground level or as the situation permits.
Distance from both the donor site as well as from the new area to be
covered must be taken into consideration. The repeater unit should be
located close to the donor site to receive maximum signal strength and at
the same time is located in the vicinity of area where coverage is desired.
In addition, the donor antenna associated should have line of sight with
BTS site to reduce the effects of fading.
Another important issue when choosing a repeater location is the
availability of commercial power. Sites where repeater unit is installed
should be easily accessible for the maintenance team.
b. Antenna Selection and Placement
Proper selection of the repeater’s donor and server antennas is crucial in
designing the repeater system. Good antenna characteristics help to
provide proper isolation between the server (coverage) and donor
antennas, which helps to prevent feedback. An isolation of at least 15dB
more than the gain setting of the repeater is required. If the isolation is less
than the repeater gain, oscillation will occur.
Specific ways to achieve proper isolation include: using high gain,
directional antennas with good Front to Back ratios (25dB or better);
physical separation of the repeater’s donor and server antennas; and
external shielding between antennas. A high gain antenna will help
minimize overall path loss to achieve the desired output power. Donor
antenna gains are typically 16 dB, while server antennas with proper
gains are installed.
•
The antennas should have proper frequency band of operation.
•
Adequate separation is to be ensured from the power lines to
avoid damage to the equipment and humans.
•
Antenna with proper characteristics to maintain adequate isolation
to avoid oscillations. Normally, isolation should be 15 dB more
than the gain set for the repeater. It should have good front to
back ratio.
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•
The beam width for the DONOR antenna should be as small as
possible.
•
The beam width for SERVER antenna is 60 degree to 120 degree.
•
There should be adequate vertical & horizontal separation
between the DONOR & SERVER antennas to avoid interference
and noise. Separation can be determined by the mathematical
formulas:
Vertical Separation:
Isolation (dB) = 28 + 40 log (D/ʎ in m)
Horizontal Separation:
Isolation (dB) = 22 + 20 log (D/ʎ in m) – (Gain of donor antenna
+ gain of server antenna)
D-Distance between donor & server antennas in m
ʎ- wavelength in m
The following table is an approximate guide to antenna
separation.
The use of highly directional antennas with good front to back
ratios can help to reduce isolation requirements.
VERTICAL ANTENNA
HORIZONTAL ANTENNA
SEPARATION
SEPARATION
Separation (m.) Isolation (dB)
Separation (m.)
Isolation (dB)
75.0
45.5
10
87.1
10
51.7
20
99.1
50
65.5
30
106.2
100
71.5
40
111.2
150
75.1
50
115.0
250
77.6
Vertical and Horizontal Antenna Separation @ 900 MHz
The antenna separation table demonstrates that vertical separation yields
better results than horizontal separation. However, when desired isolation
cannot be met due to insufficient separation, external shielding can help; for
example, mounting the antennas on either side of a rooftop penthouse or
using some type of grounded metal screen or wire mesh (so called chicken
wire) between antennas.
The following example illustrates the various signal levels and antenna gains
needed to form a properly functioning repeater system.
Received Signal Level
-72
dBm
Donor Antenna gain
16
dBi
Cable loss (100 ft. of 7/8 inch)
dB
Input to Repeater
-62
dBm
Gain of Repeater set
85
dB
Output of Repeater
+33
dBm
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Cable loss (100 ft. of 7/8 inch)
dB
Server Antenna Gain
dBi
Repeater ERP
+41
dBm
c) Overlapping Coverage
Ideally, the repeater system will be engineered with minimal overlapping
coverage between the donor base station and the repeater. However, the
mobile users will occasionally receive signals from both the donor and the
repeater at similar levels. This situation is comparable to a mobile receiving
multiple signals at varying times due to multi-path propagation.
This repeater contributes a maximum signal delay of 5.5 microseconds in
one direction.
d) Call Processing
The mobile communication system perceives calls handled by the repeater
as actually being handled by the donor site (BTS); the repeater is just an
extension of the base station’s coverage. Therefore, the donor handles call
initiation, power control messages, hand-over requests, etc., for mobiles in
the repeater area. When the base station assigns a channel to the mobile,
that channel is sent through the repeater and then reradiated under the
same frequency. Since the repeater is technically part of the base station,
no hand-over takes place when a mobile moves from the repeater’s
coverage area to that of the base station. When the mobile moves from the
repeater’s area to a neighboring site, the base station handles the hand-off
in the same way as for a mobile in the base station area.
8.3. Installation Tools
You will need the following basic tools for installation:
a. Standard wrenches/screwdrivers/cable stripper/cable cutter/pliers set
for installing the DB5R Unit and antennas. (Refer to the
manufacturer’s recommendations for installing the antennas).
b. RF coaxial cable connection tools for installing connectors.
c. Multi-meter.
d. Mobile handset loaded (e.g. Nokia) with Net engineering software to
be used for signal level measurement.
e. Magnetic compass for measuring the azimuth of the BTS and
repeater site.
8.4. Installation Procedure
The DB5R repeater has been designed for outdoor applications. The repeater
unit shall be mounted vertically to a mast, which means the RF connectors
will be at the bottom side.
In case of wall mounting, minimum physical separation between the repeater
housing & the wall should be 50 mm.
Furthermore, the repeater shall be mounted in a way so that there is free
access to the individual units, while the door of the repeater is open.
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The repeater is mounted at the pre-selected site firmly placed with clamps
and other mechanical accessories. Connections as detailed are carried out:
• RF cable routed from DONOR antenna is connected at the BTS port as
indicated.
• RF cable routed to SERVER antenna is connected at TX/RX port for
signal distribution.
• For energizing the system, the cable from AC mains is connected at
AC mains port, range 100-240 V.
• USB port is provided for carrying out configuration and monitoring.
Important: Grounding of the unit has to be ensured before extending the
power to the repeater system.
Following points need considerations for laying of RF cable:
1. RF coaxial cable installation must comply with local or National Electrical
Codes. The cable shall have nominal 50-Ohm impedance. Routing of the
RF coaxial cables is to be as per the site installation plan.
2. Fix the supplied connectors to the RF coaxial cable and verify the
following:
• The center conductor to outer shield of RF coaxial cable indicates an
“Open Circuit” condition.
• Check for any short circuit between center conductor and outer
shield.
• Place short between the center conductor and outer shield using a
piece of wire temporarily and check the other end of conductor for
any break in the RF cable.
8.5. Repeater Gain Settings
The repeater gain setting is one of the vital parameters since it also decides
the area to be provided with RF coverage. The noise contribution has to be
minimum while setting the gain hence it should be set with utmost care. The
variation in gain up to 31 dB in steps 1 dB is possible to be achieved with the
help of software control attenuator, provided in the system. The gain setting
for Uplink and Downlink path is independent of each other.
For example, if repeater has a maximum gain of 85 dB and the required
repeater gain is 60 dB, the attenuation of 30 dB is required to be incorporated
by inserting attenuator of this value.
Note: Repeater gain should be at least 15 dB less than the antenna isolation.
Signals intercepted by DONOR antenna from BTS and transmitted to the
repeater are termed as Downlink/Forward signals and the signals originated
by mobile users and intercepted by SERVER antenna for application to
repeater are termed as Uplink/Reverse signals.
a. Forward Gain Setting
The process of setting the forward gain is very simple. Forward signal
level strength can be measured using NET engineering software in any
NOKIA handset e.g. NOKIA 6210 or any other engineering mobile
handset.
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Alternatively, RF output power of repeater can be measured using the
visual indication shown on the display panel of the repeater.
Once the RF output power has been determined, the attenuation will have
to be modified to reach the desired output signal level.
The gain of repeater can be set using any of the following methods:
a. Local manual mode (using built in key pad and display)
b. Local USB serial interface mode (GUI based)
c. Through (optional) wireless modem.
b. Reverse Gain Setting
For reverse gain setting, a 31 dB variable attenuator is provided; the
required value can be inserted for the desired gain. The gain is set to
such a value so as to cause minimum interference at the base station but
high enough to ensure a strong signal.
Generally, reverse gain is set 5db less than the forward signal.
8.6. Commissioning
Note:-Repeater should not be connected to Power without termination
of the antenna connection. The termination can be performed either by
the antenna connection as well as a dummy load or the 50 Ω
terminated connection of a measuring instrument (Power Meter,
Spectrum analyzer with appropriate PAD)
After setting the gain, verify the parameters:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
DL RF power radiated in the set frequency band.
Received RF power in the DL.
UL RF power radiated in the set frequency band.
Received RF power in the UL.
Record the value of attenuation introduced for setting the gain.
8.7. Dos & Don’t Dos
The site should be accessible for the maintenance team.
1. Arrangement is to be made to avoid unauthorized access to the repeater.
2. Proper grounding of the repeater is required to be done to avoid damage
to the system.
3. For outdoor applications, the housing must be waterproof.
4. Stable power supply for repeater unit should be ensured.
5. The route of Cables to/from antennas should be short to limit the cable
losses and should be free from sharp bends & kinks.
6. Local standard of cabling should be followed.
7. The donor antenna should have proper line of sight with the BTS from
where the signals are to be intercepted for maximum signal strength and
to reduce the effect of fading.
8. There should be adequate separation between the cables (antenna
system) and the power lines to avoid damage to the equipment & injury
to humans.
10. The selection of BTS should be made taking other BTSs in the same
vicinity in to consideration to avoid interference.
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11. Gain of the repeater should be set after taking antenna isolation in to
consideration.
12. The estimation of coverage area should be confirmed.
13. The system should be made over for normal traffic after actual
measurement of:
a)
RF power in the DL
b)
RF power in the UL
c)
Antenna Isolation
d)
Gain settings in DL & UL
14. Feedback regarding performance of the system must be obtained from
the user.
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8.7.Checklist – Post Installation
After the installation of the system is accomplished, points as indicated in the
checklist are verified.
Service Bands Particulars:
Frequency Band for Band 1 DL
Frequency Band for Band 1 UL
Frequency Band for Band 2 DL
Frequency Band for Band 2 UL
A. Repeater Installation
S.NO. Point(s) To be Verified
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Remarks
Ensure isolation between server and donor
antennas, it has to be 15 dB + Gain set of the
repeater.
Actual isolation measured
Ensure proper grounding of the unit
Cable from donor antenna connected to donor
antenna port
Cable from server antenna connected to the
relevant port in the unit
Mains cable connected to the repeater unit
Cable protection ensured and outdoor connections
are waterproof
B. Repeater Set Up
S.NO. Point(s) To be Verified
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
Remarks
Number of sub bands equipped
Number of Sub band(s) in Band 1 with frequency
bandwidth of each.
Number of Sub band(s) in Band 2 with frequency
bandwidth of each.
Repeater switched ON
Any error (alarms) observed
Gain set
Power level in DL
Attenuation in DL
Power level in UL
Attenuation in UL
Observation on CMC software & GUI
Repeater secured & locked
Any Other Remark/Comment:
Date Of Installation:------------------------
Repeater ID & Site Address:---------------
Name of the Installer:-----------------------------------------------------
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9. System Maintenance
9.1. General
The system normally operates without any operator intervention or
maintenance. If, in the unlikely event of a unit failure, the field replaceable
units (antenna unit, cables) should be checked for faults and the system
restored. The faulty unit can be removed and replaced with a spare while the
rest of the system is still operating. Soldering or local repair of the modules
should be avoided for better maintenance point of view. Faulty module/unit
should be replaced with genuine spares from Shyam Telecom Limited only.
However, the power supply of the failed repeater should be isolated from AC
mains and DC power before any module is replaced. In the event of a
system malfunction, the status of the antenna systems should be checked
as well as the continuity of the cabling before replacing any modules within
the repeater.
9.2. Preventative Maintenance
The DB5R repeater does not require any preventative maintenance.
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For Technical Support, please contact at any of the following addresses:
For Americas
Shyam Telecom Inc.
6, KILMER ROAD, SUIT D,
EDISON, New Jersy-08817 (USA)
For Europe
Shyam Telecom GmbH.
Frohsinnstrasse 16, 63739 Aschaffenburg, Germany
Tel: + 49-6021-45901-0 Fax: + 49-6021-45901-29
For ASEAN & Others
Shyam Telecom Ltd.
246, Phase IV, UDYOG VIHAR,
GURGAON – 122015 (INDIA)
Tel: +91-124-4311600 FAX: +91-124-4018117
Email: contact@shyamtelecom.com
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