Sierra Wireless EM7455 Radio Module User Manual AirPrime EM7455 Hardware Integration Guide

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Document Description	TempConfidential_4117682 AirPrime EM7455 Hardware Integration Guide v1.1
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Document Title	AirPrime EM7455 Hardware Integration Guide
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AirPrime EM7455
Hardware Integration Guide
4117682
Rev 1
Proprietary and Confidential
Contents subject to change
Preface
Important
Notice
Due to the nature of wireless communications, transmission and reception of data
can never be guaranteed. Data may be delayed, corrupted (i.e., have errors) or be
totally lost. Although significant delays or losses of data are rare when wireless
devices such as the Sierra Wireless modem are used in a normal manner with a
well-constructed network, the Sierra Wireless modem should not be used in
situations where failure to transmit or receive data could result in damage of any
kind to the user or any other party, including but not limited to personal injury,
death, or loss of property. Sierra Wireless accepts no responsibility for damages
of any kind resulting from delays or errors in data transmitted or received using
the Sierra Wireless modem, or for failure of the Sierra Wireless modem to
transmit or receive such data.
Safety and
Hazards
Do not operate the Sierra Wireless modem in areas where blasting is in progress,
where explosive atmospheres may be present, near medical equipment, near life
support equipment, or any equipment which may be susceptible to any form of
radio interference. In such areas, the Sierra Wireless modem MUST BE
POWERED OFF. The Sierra Wireless modem can transmit signals that could
interfere with this equipment.
Do not operate the Sierra Wireless modem in any aircraft, whether the aircraft is
on the ground or in flight. In aircraft, the Sierra Wireless modem MUST BE
POWERED OFF. When operating, the Sierra Wireless modem can transmit
signals that could interfere with various onboard systems.
Note: Some airlines may permit the use of cellular phones while the aircraft is on the
ground and the door is open. Sierra Wireless modems may be used at this time.
The driver or operator of any vehicle should not operate the Sierra Wireless
modem while in control of a vehicle. Doing so will detract from the driver or
operator's control and operation of that vehicle. In some states and provinces,
operating such communications devices while in control of a vehicle is an offence.
Limitation of
Liability
The information in this manual is subject to change without notice and does not
represent a commitment on the part of Sierra Wireless. SIERRA WIRELESS AND
ITS AFFILIATES SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIM LIABILITY FOR ANY AND ALL
DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, GENERAL, INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL,
PUNITIVE OR EXEMPLARY DAMAGES INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
LOSS OF PROFITS OR REVENUE OR ANTICIPATED PROFITS OR REVENUE
ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE ANY SIERRA WIRELESS
PRODUCT, EVEN IF SIERRA WIRELESS AND/OR ITS AFFILIATES HAS BEEN
ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES OR THEY ARE
FORESEEABLE OR FOR CLAIMS BY ANY THIRD PARTY.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, in no event shall Sierra Wireless and/or its
affiliates aggregate liability arising under or in connection with the Sierra Wireless
product, regardless of the number of events, occurrences, or claims giving rise to
liability, be in excess of the price paid by the purchaser for the Sierra Wireless
product.
Rev 1 Jul.15
Proprietary and Confidential - Contents subject to change
Hardware Integration Guide
Patents
This product may contain technology developed by or for Sierra Wireless Inc.
This product includes technology licensed from QUALCOMM®.
This product is manufactured or sold by Sierra Wireless Inc. or its affiliates under
one or more patents licensed from InterDigital Group and MMP Portfolio
Licensing.
Copyright
©2015 Sierra Wireless. All rights reserved.
Trademarks
Sierra Wireless®, AirPrime®, Skylight™, and the Sierra Wireless logo are
registered trademarks of Sierra Wireless.
Windows® is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation.
QUALCOMM® is a registered trademark of QUALCOMM Incorporated. Used
under license.
Other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
Contact
Information
Sales Desk:
Phone:
1-604-232-1488
Hours:
8:00 AM to 5:00 PM Pacific Time
E-mail:
sales@sierrawireless.com
Post:
Sierra Wireless
13811 Wireless Way
Richmond, BC
Canada
V6V 3A4
Technical support:
support@sierrawireless.com
RMA support:
repairs@sierrawireless.com
Fax:
1-604-231-1109
Web:
www.sierrawireless.com
Consult our website for up-to-date product descriptions, documentation,
application notes, firmware upgrades, troubleshooting tips, and press releases:
www.sierrawireless.com
Revision
History
Revision
number
Release date
Changes
July 2015
FCC / IC Certification
Proprietary and Confidential - Contents subject to change
4117682
Contents
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7
Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Required Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
Power Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Module Power States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
RF Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
RF Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Shielding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Antenna and Cabling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Ground Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Interference and Sensitivity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Interference From Other Wireless Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Host-generated RF Interference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
Device-generated RF Interference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Methods to Mitigate Decreased Rx Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Radiated Spurious Emissions (RSE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
Radiated Sensitivity Measurement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Regulatory Compliance and Industry Certifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Important Notice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Safety and Hazards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Important Compliance Information For North American Users . . . . . . . . . . 18
Acronyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Rev 1 Jul.15
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Hardware Integration Guide
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4117682
1
1: Introduction
The Sierra Wireless EM7455 Embedded Module is an M.2 module
that provides LTE, UMTS, and GNSS connectivity for notebook,
ultrabook, tablet computers, and M2M applications over several radio
frequency bands.
Accessories
A hardware development kit is available for AirPrime M.2 modules.
The kit contains hardware components for evaluating and developing
with the module, including:
•
Development board
•
Cables
•
Antennas
•
Other accessories
For over-the-air LTE testing, ensure that suitable antennas are used.
Required Connectors
Table 1-1 describes the connectors used to integrate the EM7455
Embedded Module into your host device.
Table 1-1: Required Host–Module Connectors
Connector type
RF cables
EDGE (67 pin)
SIM
Rev 1 Jul.15
Description
•
Mate with M.2-spec connectors
•
Three connector jacks (I-PEX 20448-001R-081 or equivalent)
•
Slot B compatible — Per the M.2 standard ([8] PCI Express
NGFF (M.2) Electromechanical Specification Revision 1.0), a
generic 75 pin position EDGE connector on the motherboard
uses a mechanical key to mate with the 67 pin notched module
connector.
•
Manufacturers include LOTES (part #APCI0018-P001A01),
Kyocera, JAE, Tyco, and Longwell.
•
Industry-standard connector.
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4117682
2
2: Power
Power Supply
The host provides power to the EM7455 through multiple power and
ground pins. The host must provide safe and continuous power (via
battery or a regulated power supply) at all times; the module does not
have an independent power supply, or protection circuits to guard
against electrical issues.
For detailed pinout and voltage / current requirements of this module,
see the AirPrime EM7455 Product Technical Specification.
Module Power States
The module has five power states, as described in Table 2-1.
Module is active
•
Module is capable of placing / receiving calls, or establishing data connections on the
wireless network
•
Current consumption is affected by several factors, including:
•
•












Default state. Occurs when VCC is first applied, Full_Card_Power_Off# is
deasserted (pulled high), and W_DISABLE1# is deasserted
•
•
•
•
Low power
(‘Airplane
mode’)
RF enabled
•
•
USB interface active
Normal
(Default
state)
Details
Module is powered
State
Host is powered
Table 2-1: Module Power States
Radio band being used
Transmit power
Receive gain settings
Data rate
Module is active
Module enters this state:
• Under host interface control:
· Host issues AT+CFUN=0 ([1] AT Command Set for User Equipment (UE)
·
(Release 6) (Doc# 3GPP TS 27.007))), or
Host asserts W_DISABLE1#, after AT!PCOFFEN=0 has been issued.
• Automatically, when critical temperature or voltage trigger limits have been
reached))
Sleep
Rev 1 Jul.15
•
•
Normal state of module between calls or data connections
Module cycles between wake (polling the network) and sleep, at network providerdetermined interval.
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Hardware Integration Guide
10
Host keeps module powered off by asserting Full_Card_Power_Off# (signal pulled
low or left floating)
•
Module draws minimal current
•
Host power source is disconnected from the module and all voltages associated with
the module are at 0 V.
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RF enabled
Disconnected
•
USB interface active
Off
Details
Module is powered
State
Host is powered
Table 2-1: Module Power States (Continued)








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3
3: RF Specifications
The EM7455 operates on the frequency bands listed below.
Table 3-1: LTE Frequency Band Support1
Band
Frequency (Tx)
Frequency (Rx)
Band 1
1920–1980 MHz
2110–2170 MHz
Band 2
1850–1910 MHz
1930–1990 MHz
Band 3
1710–1785
1805–1880 MHz
Band 4
1710–1755
2110–2155 MHz
Band 5
824–849 MHz
869–894 MHz
Band 7
2500–2570 MHz
2620–2690 MHz
Band 8
880–915 MHz
925–960 MHz
Band 12
699–716 MHz
729–746 MHz
Band 13
777–787 MHz
746–756 MHz
Band 20
832–862 MHz
791–821 MHz
Band 25
1850–1915 MHz
1930–1995 MHz
Band 26
814–849 MHz
859–894 MHz
Band 29
n/a
717–728 MHz
Band 30
2305–2315 MHz
2350–2360 MHz
Band 41
2496–2690 MHz (TDD)
1. For bandwidth support details, see 3GPP TS 36.521-1 v11.3.0, table
5.4.2.1-1
Table 3-2: WCDMA Frequency Band Support
Band 1
Frequency (Tx)
Frequency (Rx)
Band 1
1920–1980 MHz
2110–2170 MHz
Band 2
1850–1910 MHz
1930–1990 MHz
Band 3
1710–1785 MHz
1805–1880 MHz
Band 4
1710–1755 MHz
2110–2155 MHz
Band 5
824–849 MHz
869–894 MHz
Band 8
880–915 MHz
925–960 MHz
1. WCDMA channel spacing is 5 MHz, but this can be adjusted to optimize
performance in a particular deployment scenario.
Rev 1 Jul.15
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11
Hardware Integration Guide
Table 3-3: GNSS Frequency Band Support
Band
Frequencies
Narrow-band GPS, Galileo
Rx: 1575.42 MHz
Wide-band GPS + GLONASS
Rx: 1560–1606 MHz
Narrow-band BeiDou
Rx: 1561.098 MHz
Narrow-band GLONASS
Rx: 1601.72 MHz
RF Connections
When attaching antennas to the module:
•
Use RF plug connectors that are compatible with the following RF receptacle
connectors: Foxconn (KK12011-02-7H), Longwell (911-002-0006R),
Speedtech (C87P101-00001-H), Murata (MM4829-2702RA4 (HSC)), IPEX
(20449-001E (MHF4)).
•
Match coaxial connections between the module and the antenna to 50 .
•
Minimize RF cable losses to the antenna; the recommended maximum cable
loss for antenna cabling is 0.5 dB.
•
To ensure best thermal performance, use the mounting hole (if possible) to
attach (ground) the device to a metal chassis.
Note: If the antenna connection is shorted or open, the modem will not sustain permanent
damage.
Shielding
The module is fully shielded to protect against EMI and must not be removed.
Antenna and Cabling
When selecting the antenna and cable, it is critical to RF performance to match
antenna gain and cable loss.
Choosing the Correct Antenna and Cabling
When matching antennas and cabling:
12
•
The antenna (and associated circuitry) should have a nominal impedance of
50  with a return loss of better than 10 dB across each frequency band of
operation.
•
The system gain value affects both radiated power and regulatory (FCC, IC,
CE, etc.) test results.
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RF Specifications
Designing Custom Antennas
Consider the following points when designing custom antennas:
•
A skilled RF engineer should do the development to ensure that the RF
performance is maintained.
•
If both UMTS and CDMA modules will be installed in the same platform, you
may want to develop separate antennas for maximum performance.
Determining the Antenna’s Location
When deciding where to put the antennas:
•
Antenna location may affect RF performance. Although the module is
shielded to prevent interference in most applications, the placement of the
antenna is still very important — if the host device is insufficiently shielded,
high levels of broadband or spurious noise can degrade the module’s performance.
•
Connecting cables between the module and the antenna must have 50 
impedance. If the impedance of the module is mismatched, RF performance
is reduced significantly.
•
Antenna cables should be routed, if possible, away from noise sources
(switching power supplies, LCD assemblies, etc.). If the cables are near the
noise sources, the noise may be coupled into the RF cable and into the
antenna.
Disabling the Diversity Antenna
Use the AT command !RXDEN=0 to disable receive diversity or !RXDEN=1 to
enable receive diversity.
Note: A diversity antenna is used to improve connection quality and reliability through
redundancy. Because two antennas may experience difference interference effects (signal
distortion, delay, etc.), when one antenna receives a degraded signal, the other may not be
similarly affected.
Ground Connection
When connecting the module to system ground:
Rev 1 Jul.15
•
Prevent noise leakage by establishing a very good ground connection to the
module through the host connector.
•
Connect to system ground using the module’s mounting hole.
•
Minimize ground noise leakage into the RF.
Depending on the host board design, noise could potentially be coupled to
the module from the host board. This is mainly an issue for host designs that
have signals traveling along the length of the module, or circuitry operating at
both ends of the module interconnects.
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Hardware Integration Guide
Interference and Sensitivity
Several interference sources can affect the module’s RF performance
(RF desense). Common sources include power supply noise and devicegenerated RF.
RF desense can be addressed through a combination of mitigation techniques
(Methods to Mitigate Decreased Rx Performance on page 15) and radiated
sensitivity measurement (Radiated Sensitivity Measurement on page 15).
Note: The EM7455 is based on ZIF (Zero Intermediate Frequency) technologies. When
performing EMC (Electromagnetic Compatibility) tests, there are no IF (Intermediate
Frequency) components from the module to consider.
Interference From Other Wireless Devices
Wireless devices operating inside the host device can cause interference that
affects the module.
To determine the most suitable locations for antennas on your host device,
evaluate each wireless device’s radio system, considering the following:
•
Any harmonics, sub-harmonics, or cross-products of signals generated by
wireless devices that fall in the module’s Rx range may cause spurious
response, resulting in decreased Rx performance.
•
The Tx power and corresponding broadband noise of other wireless devices
may overload or increase the noise floor of the module’s receiver, resulting in
Rx desense.
The severity of this interference depends on the closeness of the other antennas
to the module’s antenna. To determine suitable locations for each wireless
device’s antenna, thoroughly evaluate your host device’s design.
Host-generated RF Interference
All electronic computing devices generate RF interference that can negatively
affect the receive sensitivity of the module.
Proximity of host electronics to the antenna in wireless devices can contribute to
decreased Rx performance. Components that are most likely to cause this
include:
14
•
Microprocessor and memory
•
Display panel and display drivers
•
Switching-mode power supplies
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4117682
RF Specifications
Device-generated RF Interference
The module can cause interference with other devices. Wireless devices such as
AirPrime embedded modules transmit in bursts (pulse transients) for set durations
(RF burst frequencies). Hearing aids and speakers convert these burst
frequencies into audible frequencies, resulting in audible noise.
Methods to Mitigate Decreased Rx
Performance
It is important to investigate sources of localized interference early in the design
cycle. To reduce the effect of device-generated RF on Rx performance:
•
Put the antenna as far as possible from sources of interference. The
drawback is that the module may be less convenient to use.
•
Shield the host device. The module itself is well shielded to avoid external
interference. However, the antenna cannot be shielded for obvious reasons.
In most instances, it is necessary to employ shielding on the components of
the host device (such as the main processor and parallel bus) that have the
highest RF emissions.
•
Filter out unwanted high-order harmonic energy by using discrete filtering on
low frequency lines.
•
Form shielding layers around high-speed clock traces by using multi-layer
PCBs.
•
Route antenna cables away from noise sources.
Radiated Spurious Emissions (RSE)
When designing an antenna for use with AirPrime embedded modules, the host
device with an AirPrime embedded module must satisfy any applicable
standards / local regulatory bodies for radiated spurious emission (RSE) for
receive-only mode and for transmit mode (transmitter is operating).
Note that antenna impedance affects radiated emissions, which must be
compared against the conducted 50-ohm emissions baseline. (AirPrime
embedded modules meet the 50-ohm conducted emissions requirement.)
Radiated Sensitivity Measurement
A wireless host device contains many noise sources that contribute to a reduction
in Rx performance.
To determine the extent of any receiver performance desensitization due to selfgenerated noise in the host device, over-the-air (OTA) or radiated testing is
required. This testing can be performed by Sierra Wireless or you can use your
own OTA test chamber for in-house testing.
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Hardware Integration Guide
16
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4
4: Regulatory Compliance and Industry
Certifications
This module is designed to meet, and upon commercial release, will
meet the requirements of the following regulatory bodies and
regulations, where applicable:
•
Federal Communications Commission (FCC) of the United States
•
The Certification and Engineering Bureau of Industry Canada
(IC)
•
The National Communications Commission (NCC) of Taiwan,
Republic of China
•
Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC) of Japan
•
Radio Equipment and Telecommunications Terminal Equipment
(R&TTE) Directive of the European Union
Upon commercial release, the following industry certifications will
have been obtained, where applicable:
•
GCF
•
PTCRB
Additional certifications and details on specific country approvals may
be obtained upon customer request — contact your Sierra Wireless
account representative for details.
Additional testing and certification may be required for the end
product with an embedded EM7455 module and are the responsibility
of the OEM. Sierra Wireless offers professional services-based
assistance to OEMs with the testing and certification process, if
required.
Important Notice
Because of the nature of wireless communications, transmission and
reception of data can never be guaranteed. Data may be delayed,
corrupted (i.e., have errors) or be totally lost. Although significant
delays or losses of data are rare when wireless devices such as the
Sierra Wireless module are used in a normal manner with a wellconstructed network, the Sierra Wireless module should not be used
in situations where failure to transmit or receive data could result in
damage of any kind to the user or any other party, including but not
limited to personal injury, death, or loss of property. Sierra Wireless
and its affiliates accept no responsibility for damages of any kind
resulting from delays or errors in data transmitted or received using
the Sierra Wireless module, or for failure of the Sierra Wireless
module to transmit or receive such data.
Rev 1 Jul.15
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17
Hardware Integration Guide
Safety and Hazards
Do not operate your EM7455 module:
•
In areas where blasting is in progress
•
Where explosive atmospheres may be present including refuelling points, fuel
depots, and chemical plants
•
Near medical equipment, life support equipment, or any equipment which
may be susceptible to any form of radio interference. In such areas, the
EM7455 module MUST BE POWERED OFF. Otherwise, the EM7455 module
can transmit signals that could interfere with this equipment.
In an aircraft, the EM7455 module MUST BE POWERED OFF. Otherwise, the
EM7455 module can transmit signals that could interfere with various onboard
systems and may be dangerous to the operation of the aircraft or disrupt the
cellular network. Use of a cellular phone in an aircraft is illegal in some
jurisdictions. Failure to observe this instruction may lead to suspension or denial
of cellular telephone services to the offender, or legal action or both.
Some airlines may permit the use of cellular phones while the aircraft is on the
ground and the door is open. The EM7455 module may be used normally at this
time.
Important Compliance Information For
North American Users
The EM7455 module, upon commercial release, will have been granted modular
approval for mobile applications. Integrators may use the EM7455 module in their
final products without additional FCC / IC (Industry Canada) certification if they
meet the following conditions. Otherwise, additional FCC / IC approvals must be
obtained.
1. At least 20 cm separation distance between the antenna and the user’s body
must be maintained at all times.
2. To comply with FCC / IC regulations limiting both maximum RF output power
and human exposure to RF radiation, the maximum antenna gain including
cable loss in a mobile-only exposure condition must not exceed the limits
stipulated in Table 4-1 on page 19.
18
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Regulatory Compliance and Industry Certifications
Table 4-1: Antenna Gain Specifications
Device
Technology
EM7455 Embedded
Module
LTE
UMTS
Band
Frequency
(MHz)
Maximum antenna
gain (dBi)
1850–1910
1710–1755
824–849
2500–2570
12
699–716
13
777–787
25
1850–1915
26
814–849
30
2305–2315
41
2496–2690
1850–1910
1710–1755
824–849
3. The EM7455 module may transmit simultaneously with other collocated radio
transmitters within a host device, provided the following conditions are met:
· Each collocated radio transmitter has been certified by FCC / IC for mobile
application.
· At least 20 cm separation distance between the antennas of the collocated
transmitters and the user’s body must be maintained at all times.
· The radiated power of a collocated transmitter must not exceed the EIRP
limit stipulated in Table 4-2.
Table 4-2: Collocated Radio Transmitter Specifications
Device
Collocated
transmitters1
Technology
WLAN
WiMAX
BT
Frequency
(MHz)
EIRP Limit
(dBm)
2400–2500
25
5150–5850
27
2300–2400
25
2500–2700
25
3300–3800
25
2400–2500
15
1. Valid collocated transmitter combinations: WLAN+BT; WiMAX+BT.
(WLAN+WiMAX+BT is not permitted.)
Rev 1 Jul.15
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Hardware Integration Guide
4. A label must be affixed to the outside of the end product into which the
EM7455 module is incorporated, with a statement similar to the following:
· This device contains FCC ID: N7NEM7455
Contains transmitter module IC: 2417C-EM7455 where 2417C-EM7455
is the module’s certification number.
5. A user manual with the end product must clearly indicate the operating
requirements and conditions that must be observed to ensure compliance
with current FCC / IC RF exposure guidelines.
The end product with an embedded EM7455 module may also need to pass the
FCC Part 15 unintentional emission testing requirements and be properly
authorized per FCC Part 15.
Note: If this module is intended for use in a portable device, you are responsible
for separate approval to satisfy the SAR requirements of FCC Part 2.1093 and
IC RSS-102.
20
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5
5: Acronyms
Table 5-1: Acronyms and Definitions
Acronym or term
Definition
3GPP
3rd Generation Partnership Project
BeiDou
BeiDou Navigation Satellite System
A Chinese system that uses a series of satellites in geostationary and middle
earth orbits to provide navigational data.
BER
Bit Error Rate — A measure of receive sensitivity
BLER
Block Error Rate
dB
Decibel = 10 x log10 (P1 / P2)
P1 is calculated power; P2 is reference power
Decibel = 20 x log10 (V1 / V2)
V1 is calculated voltage, V2 is reference voltage
Rev 1 Jul.15
dBm
A logarithmic (base 10) measure of relative power (dB for decibels); relative to
milliwatts (m). A dBm value will be 30 units (1000 times) larger (less negative)
than a dBW value, because of the difference in scale (milliwatts vs. watts).
DC-HSPA+
Dual Carrier HSPA+
EMC
Electromagnetic Compatibility
EMI
Electromagnetic Interference
FCC
Federal Communications Commission
The U.S. federal agency that is responsible for interstate and foreign
communications. The FCC regulates commercial and private radio spectrum
management, sets rates for communications services, determines standards for
equipment, and controls broadcast licensing. Consult www.fcc.gov.
Galileo
A European system that uses a series of satellites in middle earth orbit to provide
navigational data.
GCF
Global Certification Forum
GLONASS
Global Navigation Satellite System — A Russian system that uses a series of 24
satellites in middle circular orbit to provide navigational data.
GNSS
Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GPS, GLONASS, BeiDou, and Galileo)
GPS
Global Positioning System
An American system that uses a series of 24 satellites in middle circular orbit to
provide navigational data.
Host
The device into which an embedded module is integrated
HSDPA
High Speed Downlink Packet Access
HSPA+
Enhanced HSPA, as defined in 3GPP Release 7 and beyond
HSUPA
High Speed Uplink Packet Access
Proprietary and Confidential - Contents subject to change
21
Hardware Integration Guide
Table 5-1: Acronyms and Definitions (Continued)
Acronym or term
22
Definition
Hz
Hertz = 1 cycle / second
IC
Industry Canada
IF
Intermediate Frequency
IS
Interim Standard.
After receiving industry consensus, the TIA forwards the standard to ANSI for
approval.
LTE
Long Term Evolution—a high-performance air interface for cellular mobile
communication systems.
MHz
Megahertz = 10e6 Hz
OEM
Original Equipment Manufacturer—a company that manufactures a product and
sells it to a reseller.
OTA
‘Over the air’ (or radiated through the antenna)
PCB
Printed Circuit Board
PCS
Personal Communication System
A cellular communication infrastructure that uses the 1.9 GHz radio spectrum.
PTCRB
PCS Type Certification Review Board
RF
Radio Frequency
RSE
Radiated Spurious Emissions
Sensitivity (RF)
Measure of lowest power signal at the receiver input that can provide a prescribed
BER / BLER / SNR value at the receiver output.
SNR
Signal-to-Noise Ratio
TIA/EIA
Telecommunications Industry Association / Electronics Industry Association.
A standards setting trade organization, whose members provide communications
and information technology products, systems, distribution services and
professional services in the United States and around the world. Consult
www.tiaonline.org.
UMTS
Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
USB
Universal Serial Bus
VCC
Supply voltage
WCDMA
Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (also referred to as UMTS)
WLAN
Wireless Local Area Network
ZIF
Zero Intermediate Frequency
Proprietary and Confidential - Contents subject to change
4117682
Index
accessories, 7
acronyms and definitions, 21– 22
antenna
connection considerations, 12
custom, design, 13
diversity antenna, disabling, 13
limit, matching coaxial connections, 12
location, considerations, 13
matching, considerations, 12
maximum cable loss, 12
routing, 13
approvals, regulatory and industry, 17
gain
maximum, 18
grounding
connection considerations, 13
impedance
module–antenna, 13
industry approvals, 17
interference
device generated, 15
host-generated, 14
wireless devices, 14
bands supported, RF
LTE, 11
LTE
frequency band support, 11
cable loss
antenna, maximum, 12
connection
grounding, 13
connectors, required
host-module, 7
module
power states, 9–??
desense. See RF
diversity antenna
disabling, 13
PCB
EDGE
connector, required, 7
multi-layer, shielding for RF desense, 15
power
states, module, 9–??
filtering, RF desense, 15
frequency band support
LTE, 11
Rev 1 Jul.15
noise
leakage, minimizing, 13
radiated sensitivity measurement, 15
radiated spurious emissions, 15
regulatory approvals, 17
regulatory information, ??– 20
FCC, 18
limitation of liability, 17
safety and hazards, 18
Proprietary and Confidential - Contents subject to change
23
Hardware Integration Guide
RF
antenna cable loss, maximum, 12
antenna connection, considerations, 12
connectors, required, 7
desense
device-generated, 14
harmonic energy, filtering, 15
mitigation suggestions, 15
shielding suggestions, 15
interference
other devices, 15
wireless devices, 14
RF bands supported
LTE, 11
RF specifications, 11–??
RSE, 15
24
sensitivity
radiated measurement, overview, 15
shielding
module, compliance, 12
reducing RF desense, 15
SIM
connector, required, 7
specifications
RF, 11–??
ZIF (Zero Intermediate Frequency), 14
Proprietary and Confidential - Contents subject to change
4117682


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