Simoco EMEA SB2K4354D3D3V 100W SB2025C / Atlas 4100 User Manual manual

Simoco EMEA Ltd 100W SB2025C / Atlas 4100 manual

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SGD-SB2025NT-TUM Jan 12 Page iii PREFACE DOCUMENT HISTORY Issue Date Comments 0.1 December 2011 First Draft Issue. Distributed for comment. 1.0 January 2012 Initial Issue. RELATED DOCUMENTS Nil.

SGD-SB2025NT-TUM Jan 12 Page iv CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Title Page ....................................................................................................................................... i Preface .......................................................................................................................................... ii Table of Contents (this list) ........................................................................................................ iv PERSONAL SAFETY .................................................................................................................... v EQUIPMENT SAFETY ................................................................................................................. vii WEEE Notice ............................................................................................................................. viii General Notes ............................................................................................................................. ix Support – Contact Information ................................................................................................... x Abbreviations ............................................................................................................................. xii Glossary ..................................................................................................................................... xv PART 1. SB2025NT TECHNICAL MANUAL. PART 2. ENGINEERING TERMINAL USER MANUAL.

SGD-SB2025NT-TUM Jan 12 Page v WARNINGS PERSONAL SAFETY Safety Precautions These Safety Precautions, Warnings and Cautions advise personnel of specific hazards which may be encountered during the procedures contained in this document and that control measures are required to prevent injury to personnel, and damage to equipment and/or the environment. Before commencing the installation or any maintenance of this equipment, personnel are to acquaint themselves with all risk assessments relevant to the work site and the task. They must then comply with the control measures detailed in those risk assessments. References covering safety regulations, health hazards and hazardous substances are detailed under the WARNINGS section below. These are referred to in the tasks, when encountered. Adequate precautions must be taken to ensure that other personnel do not activate any equipment that has been switched off for maintenance. Refer to the Electricity at Work regulations 1992. Where dangerous voltages are exposed during a task, safety personnel are to be provided as detailed in the Electricity at Work regulations 1992. Where safety personnel are required for any other reason, management are to ensure that the personnel detailed are aware of the hazard and are fully briefed on the action to be taken in an emergency. Where equipment contains heavy components or units that require lifting, lowering, pulling or pushing operations to be performed on them during maintenance tasks, all managers and tradesmen are to be conversant with the Manual Handling Operations Regulations 1992, ISBN 0110259203. Hazardous Substances Before using any hazardous substance or material, the user must be conversant with the safety precautions and first aid instructions: • On the label of the container in which it was supplied. • On the material Safety Data Sheet. • In any local Safety Orders and Regulations. WARNINGS Radio Frequency Radiation WARNING RADIO FREQUENCY (RF) RADIATION. A RF RADIATION HAZARD EXISTS IN THIS EQUIPMENT. TO AVOID RF INJURY, DO NOT TOUCH THE ANTENNA WHEN THE TRANSMITTER (TX) IS IN USE. DO NOT OPERATE TX WITH ANTENNA DISCONNECTED. REFER TO EU DIRECTIVE 2004/40/EC DATED 29 APRIL 2004. WARNING THERMAL OR RF BURNS. DO NOT ATTEMPT INTERNAL SERVICING WHILE TRANSMITTING. THERMAL OR RF BURNS MAY RESULT FROM TOUCHING CERTAIN COMPONENTS WITHIN THE POWER AMPLIFIER MODULE WHILE TRANSMITTING OR OPERATING THE TX.

SGD-SB2025NT-TUM Jan 12 Page vi WARNINGS Dangerous Voltages Although there are no mains voltages present within the equipment, other voltages do exist in the equipment. The following general safety precautions as would normally apply, should be observed during all phases of operation, service and repair of this equipment. WARNING TO MINIMISE ANY POSSIBLE SHOCK HAZARD FROM AN EXTERNAL POWER SUPPLY OR LIGHTNING STRIKE, THE CHASSIS OF THE EQUIPMENT CABINET MUST TO BE CONNECTED TO AN ELECTRICAL SAFETY EARTH CONNECTION. WARNING DO NOT OPERATE IN AN EXPLOSIVE ATMOSPHERE. DO NOT OPERATE THIS EQUIPMENT IN THE PRESENCE OF FLAMMABLE GASES OR FUMES. OPERATION OF ANY ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT IN SUCH AN ENVIRONMENT CONSTITUTES A DEFINITE SAFETY HAZARD. WARNING DO NOT SUBSTITUTE PARTS OR MODIFY THE EQUIPMENT. BECAUSE OF THE DANGER OF INTRODUCING ADDITIONAL HAZARDS, DO NOT INSTALL SUBSTITUTE OR LOWER VOLTAGE PARTS TO THE EQUIPMENT. RETURN TO YOUR AUTHORISED DISTRIBUTOR. Beryllium and Beryllia WARNING BERYLLIUM AND BERYLLIA. MOST RF POWER TRANSISTORS AND SOME RF POWER HYBRIDS CONTAIN BERYLLIUM OXIDE. REFER TO THE CONTROL OF SUBSTANCES HAZARDOUS TO HEALTH REGULATIONS (COSHH) 2002 AND/OR THE APPROPRIATE SAFETY DATA SHEET. CONSULT YOUR LOCAL AUTHORITY FOR CORRECT DISPOSAL THEREOF.

SGD-SB2025NT-TUM Jan 12 Page vii WARNINGS EQUIPMENT SAFETY Installation and Maintenance The SB2025NT Series of base stations should only be installed and maintained by qualified personnel. Cautions CAUTION The Antenna System must to be protected against lightning by means of an earthing system and surge protection device. Do not connect Antenna Lightning conductors to the base station or Mains Earth. Maintenance Precautions CAUTION Electrostatic Discharge Sensitive Devices (ESDS Devices). This equipment contains ESDS Devices, the handling procedures detailed in BS EN 61340-5-1:2007 or ANSI/ESD S20.20-1999 are to be observed. WARRANTY CONDITIONS AND PRECAUTIONS The following conditions are not covered by the warranty of the SB2025. Please ensure that the SB2025 is not subject to: 1. Over voltage or Reverse Power Supply Voltage. 2. Operation in locations subject to abnormal environmental conditions such as extreme temperatures or ingress of moisture. 3. Operation of the SB2025 Tx output into an open or short circuit or an incorrectly terminated load.

SGD-SB2025NT-TUM Jan 12 Page viii WEEE NOTICE WASTE ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT (WEEE) NOTICE The Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) Directive became law in most EU countries during 2005. The directive applies to the disposal of waste electrical and electronic equipment within the member states of the European Union. As part of the legislation, electrical and electronic equipment will feature the crossed out wheeled bin symbol (see image at left) on the product or in the documentation to show that these products must be disposed of in accordance with the WEEE Directive. In the European Union, this label indicates that this product should not be disposed of with domestic or “ordinary” waste. It should be deposited at an appropriate facility to enable recovery and recycling.

SGD-SB2025NT-TUM Jan 12 Page ix GENERAL NOTES GENERAL NOTES MANUAL COMPILATION This manual provides detailed information on the SB2025NT base station. It is divided into two parts. Part 1 – Technical Manual Part 1 is the Technical Manual, which includes information on Installation and Operation, General Description, Technical Description, Alignment and Testing, Fault Finding and Drawings for the base stations. Details of both “basic” and “optional units” have been included in the Technical Manual, therefore, some material may not be relevant to every system. Configuration is dependent upon the specification by the customer when the equipment was ordered and installed. The manual has been compiled with a two-tier maintenance policy in mind, i.e. first-line fault location and repair by replacement, followed by subsequent bench-testing of sub-assemblies to specification. Consequently, some “overlap” and/or duplication of information has resulted. Part 2 – User Manual Part 2 is the User Manual for the ET software application. The ET is the primary source for controlling, configuring and monitoring the Solar 2 Modules fitted within the SB2025 series of base stations. PAGINATION Each part of the manual is divided into a number of sections, each section deals with one aspect of the system. Following initial issue, any page that has been amended or updated will also bear an updated reference. PARTS LISTING A Composite List of Replaceable Assemblies (i.e. a list of all components used in the system) is included at Part 1, Section 9.

SGD-SB2025NT-TUM Jan 12 Page x SUPPORT DISTRIBUTORS Australia ComGroup Australia Pty Ltd. Scoresby, Vic www.comgroup.net.au Tel: +61 (0)3 9730 3999 Fax: +61 (0)3 9730 3988 comgroup@comgroup.net.au United Kingdom Team Simoco Ltd Field House, Uttoxeter Old Road Derby, DE1 1NH, England Tel: +44 (0) 1332 375 500 Fax: +44 (0) 1332 375 401 customerservice@teamsimoco.com CONTACT INFORMATION At Simoco we welcome your comments, feedback and suggestions. Departmental contacts for both Team Simoco and ComGroup, which are part of the Simoco group, have been provided for your quick reference below. TECHNICAL SUPPORT Technical Support services to assist in resolving any malfunctions or other technical issues are as follows. COMGROUP (AUSTRALIA) Technical Help Desk Tel: Within Australia: 1300 36 36 07 International: +61 (0)3 9730 3800 Fax: +61 (0)3 9730 3968 E-mail: simoco@simoco.com.au TEAM SIMOCO (UK) Technical Support Helpline Tel: +44 (0) 871 741 1040 E-mail: techsupport@teamsimoco.com

SGD-SB2025NT-TUM Jan 12 Page xi SUPPORT SALES & SERVICE ENQUIRES For information regarding distributor agreements, general product and pricing information, contact Simoco’s Account Management Teams. COMGROUP (AUSTRALIA) Tel: Within Australia: 1300 36 36 07 International: +61 (0)3 9730 3800 Fax: +61 (0)3 9730 3988 E-mail: simoco@simoco.com.au TEAM SIMOCO (UK) Customer Services Tel: +44 (0) 871 741 1050 Fax: +44 (0) 871 741 1051 E-mail: customerservice@teamaimoco.com Sales E-mail sales@teamsimoco.com Marketing For general corporate information, marketing programmes, public relations and other general questions. E-mail marketing@teamsimoco.com

SGD-SB2025NT-TUM Jan 12 Page xii ABBREVIATIONS ABBREVIATIONS The following abbreviations are used throughout this document. Wherever practicable, whenever the abbreviation is first used, the full meaning is given with the abbreviation in parenthesis, after that only the abbreviation will be used. Abbreviation Meaning 1PPS One Pulse Per Second (timing signal) 1U One Unit AC Alternating Current Ae Aerial/Antenna AFSI Analogue Fixed Station Interface AMBE+2 Advanced Multi-Band Excitation+2 BER Bit Error Rate BNC Bayonet Neill-Concelman C4FM Continuous 4 Level Frequency Modulation CDCSS Continuous Digital Coded Squelch System CMOS Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor COR Carrier Operated Relay COSHH Control Of Substances Hazardous to Health csv comma separated variables CTCSS Continuous Tone Coded Squelch System CTS Communications Test Set DC Direct Current DCS Digital Coded Squelch DFSI Digital Fixed Station Interface DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DIP Dual In-line Package DSP Digital Signals Processor EEPROM Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory EEROM Electrically Erasable Read Only Memory EMI Electromagnetic Interference EPROM Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory ESDS Devices Electrostatic Discharge Sensitive Devices ET Engineering Terminal FET Field Effect Transistor FFSK Fast Frequency Shift Keying FM Frequency Modulation FW FirmWare GPS Global Positioning System ID IDentification IF Intermediate Frequency I/O Input/Output IP Internet Protocol I/P Input LDMOS Laterally Diffused Metal Oxide Semiconductor LED Light Emitting Diode MDR Mini Data Ribbon

SGD-SB2025NT-TUM Jan 12 Page xiii ABBREVIATIONS Abbreviation Meaning MIB Management Information Base MMIC Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuit MTBF Mean Time Between Failure NAC Network Access Code NC Not Connected NI Network Interface NMEA National Marine Electronics Association NMS Network Management System OEM Original Equipment Manufacturer OIDs Object IDentifiers O/P Output PA Power Amplifier PAT Packet Arrival Time PC Personal Computer PCB Printed Circuit Board PIC Programmable Intelligent Computer PLL Phase Locked Loop PMR Private Mobile Radio PSL Peak System Level PSU Power Supply Unit PTT Press (Push) To Talk PWM Pulse Width Modulation RAM Random Access Memory R&TTE Radio and Telecommunications Terminal Equipment RF Radio Frequency RFI Radio Frequency Interference RSSI Received Signal Strength Indicator RTN Return RTS Radio Test Set Rx Receive, Receiver SBC Signal Board Computer SINAD SIgnal to Noise and Distortion SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol SNR Signal to Noise Ratio TCXO Temperature Controlled Crystal Oscillator TGID Talk Group IDentification TIA Telecommunications Industry Association TM Traffic Manager TOT Total Output Time TRC Tone Remote Control T/T TalkThrough TTL Transistor Transistor Logic Tx Transmit, Transmitter UART Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter UHF Ultra High Frequency USB Universal Serial Bus

SGD-SB2025NT-TUM Jan 12 Page xiv ABBREVIATIONS Abbreviation Meaning UTC Universal Time Coordinated VCO Voltage Controlled Oscillator VF Voice Frequency VHF Very High Frequency VoIP Voice over Internet Protocol VSWR Voltage Standing Wave Ratio WEEE Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment

SGD-SB2025NT-TUM Jan 12 Page xv GLOSSARY GLOSSARY OF TERMS The following terms are used through out this document. Term Meaning ‘……’ Reference to a setting or feature (exactly as it is displayed) that may be selected or enabled either directly or through a software application, e.g. ‘Button’, ‘Control’, ‘Switch’. 0 V The internal negative supply line to which the internal circuitry is referenced. 1PPS A One Pulse Per Second timing signal (timed from the leading or rising edge). Audio Frequency A composite audio band signal that may include tones. CTCSS A sub-audio tone used for validating a received signal (also known as a PL tone). Closed Contact Connects to the common or pole contact when a relay is not energised (off). Firmware The embedded code that makes SB2025 function. Ground/Gnd A connection that is the same potential as the chassis or case (earth). Go/GO A signal that flows towards the base station Tx. In A signal that is entering the SB2025 base station. Key/Keyed A signal that can cause transmit mode or the transmit condition itself. Loader The software application used to install the Programmable Intelligent Computer (PIC) Firmware. Open Contact Connects to the common or pole contact when a relay is energised (on). Out A signal that is leaving the SB2025 base station. PAT Packet Arrival Time – a value indicating the network latency. Press To Talk The action or signal that causes the equipment to be placed into transmit mode or to be keyed. RS422 A balanced/differential line serial data signal. Return/RTN A signal that flows from the base station Rx (receive). SELV Safety Extra Low Voltage – within the definition used by EN60950. Sig/Signalling A state or tone that is used to indicate a defined condition. TTL A logic signal where a ‘Low’ is represented by a voltage of less than 0.7 V and a ‘High’ by a voltage >3 V but ≤5 V. Vote/voting The selection of the best received signal from a collection of signals presented individually and simultaneously.

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SGD-SB2025NT-TUM, Part 1 Jan 12 Page 3 CONTENTS PART 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Table of Contents (this list) ......................................................................................................... 3 List of Figures .............................................................................................................................. 6 List of Tables ................................................................................................................................ 7 1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................... 9 1.1 SB2025 APPLICATIONS...................................................................................................... 9 1.2 SOLAR 2 – BRIEF DESCRIPTION........................................................................................... 9 1.2.1 Method of Operation .............................................................................................. 10 1.2.2 Basic I/O Facility .................................................................................................... 10 1.2.3 PMR Wide-Area Cover Facilities ............................................................................ 10 1.3 SOLAR 2 – STYLE............................................................................................................. 10 1.4 SOLAR 2 P25 ................................................................................................................... 11 2 SPECIFICATIONS............................................................................................................... 13 2.1 GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS................................................................................................ 13 2.2 TRANSMITTER SPECIFICATIONS......................................................................................... 13 2.3 RECEIVER SPECIFICATIONS............................................................................................... 13 2.4 P25 (APCO-25) SPECIFICATIONS...................................................................................... 14 3 INSTALLATION AND OPERATION.................................................................................... 15 3.1 INSTALLATION.................................................................................................................. 15 3.2 OPERATION...................................................................................................................... 16 3.2.1 MxTools Utility........................................................................................................ 16 3.2.2 Setting to Work....................................................................................................... 16 3.2.2.1 Setting Micro Controller Jumpers .................................................................. 16 3.2.2.2 Select Operating Mode ................................................................................. 17 3.2.2.3 Select Operating Channel ............................................................................. 18 3.2.2.4 Configure Alarms/M Lead.............................................................................. 18 3.2.2.5 Configure Digital I/O...................................................................................... 18 3.2.3 Adjustments ........................................................................................................... 19 4 GENERAL DESCRIPTION .................................................................................................. 20 4.1 PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION.................................................................................................... 20 4.1.1 Front Panel ............................................................................................................ 21 4.1.1.1 LED Indicators .............................................................................................. 22 4.1.1.2 Traffic Manager LED Indicator....................................................................... 22 4.1.1.3 Network Interface LED Indicator.................................................................... 22 4.1.1.4 USB Connector ............................................................................................. 23 4.1.2 Rear Panel ............................................................................................................. 23 4.1.2.1 GPS (1PPS Timing Signal Input)................................................................... 24 4.1.2.2 Environment I/O ............................................................................................ 24 4.1.2.3 DC Power Input............................................................................................. 24 4.1.2.4 Transmitter Output ........................................................................................ 24 4.1.2.5 Receiver Input............................................................................................... 25 4.1.2.6 High Stability Oscillator Input (BNC).............................................................. 25 4.1.2.7 Ethernet ........................................................................................................ 25

SGD-SB2025NT-TUM, Part 1 Jan 12 Page 4 CONTENTS 4.1.3 Connector Pin-outs ................................................................................................ 25 4.1.3.1 Environment I/O ............................................................................................ 25 4.1.3.2 GPS (1PPS Timing Signal Input)................................................................... 25 4.1.3.3 DC Power Input............................................................................................. 26 4.1.3.4 Ethernet ........................................................................................................ 26 4.2 ENVIRONMENT I/O OVERVIEW............................................................................................ 27 4.2.1 Inputs and Outputs................................................................................................. 27 4.2.2 Input ‘Polarity’ ........................................................................................................ 27 4.2.3 Output ‘Polarity’...................................................................................................... 27 4.2.4 Electrical Constraints.............................................................................................. 27 4.3 MODULE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION.................................................................................. 28 4.3.1 Exciter Module ....................................................................................................... 28 4.3.2 Receiver Module .................................................................................................... 28 4.3.3 Power Amplifier Module ......................................................................................... 28 4.3.4 Micro Controller Board ........................................................................................... 29 4.3.5 Network Interface ................................................................................................... 29 4.3.6 ITX ......................................................................................................................... 29 4.3.7 Compact Flash....................................................................................................... 29 4.3.8 SBC Support PCB.................................................................................................. 30 4.3.9 Aux PCB ................................................................................................................ 30 4.3.10 Pico PSU................................................................................................................ 30 5 TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION............................................................................................... 31 5.1 EXCITER MODULE............................................................................................................. 31 5.2 RECEIVER MODULE........................................................................................................... 31 5.3 POWER AMPLIFIER MODULE.............................................................................................. 32 5.3.1 Wide Band PA (50 Watt Model).............................................................................. 32 5.3.2 Wide Band PA (100 Watt Model)............................................................................ 32 5.4 MICRO CONTROLLER BOARD............................................................................................ 33 5.4.1 Overall Radio Management.................................................................................... 33 5.4.2 Tx Signal Processing.............................................................................................. 34 5.4.3 Rx Signal Processing ............................................................................................. 34 5.4.4 RF Power Control................................................................................................... 35 5.4.5 User Interface ........................................................................................................ 35 5.5 SOLAR TRAFFIC MANAGER............................................................................................... 35 5.6 SOLAR NETWORK INTERFACE............................................................................................ 36 6 ALIGNMENT AND TESTING .............................................................................................. 38 6.1 TRANSCEIVER SETUP, CALIBRATION AND ALIGNMENT........................................................ 38 6.1.1 Sending Model Number and Serial Number to the Radio ....................................... 38 6.1.2 Sending Configuration Information ......................................................................... 39 6.1.3 Sending Channel Information................................................................................. 39 6.1.4 Setting Alignment Channel..................................................................................... 39 6.1.5 Power Calibration................................................................................................... 39 6.1.6 RSSI Calibration..................................................................................................... 40 6.1.7 Temperature Calibration......................................................................................... 40 6.1.8 Tx Power Adjustment ............................................................................................. 40 6.1.9 Peak Deviation and Modulation Balance Configuration .......................................... 41 6.1.9.1 Station NI/SB2025......................................................................................... 41

SGD-SB2025NT-TUM, Part 1 Jan 12 Page 5 CONTENTS 6.1.10 Mute Threshold Setting .......................................................................................... 50 6.2 MODULE LEVEL TEST PROCEDURES.................................................................................. 52 6.2.1 Exciter Module ....................................................................................................... 52 6.2.2 Receiver Module .................................................................................................... 53 6.2.3 Power Amplifier Module ......................................................................................... 55 6.2.4 VCO Board............................................................................................................. 56 6.2.5 Microcontroller Module........................................................................................... 57 7 FAULT FINDING PROCEDURES ....................................................................................... 58 7.1 SB2025 BASE STATION.................................................................................................... 58 7.1.1 Transmitter Section ................................................................................................ 58 7.1.2 Receiver Section .................................................................................................... 59 7.2 MICRO CONTROLLER PCB ................................................................................................ 59 7.3 RECEIVER MODULE........................................................................................................... 60 7.3.1 VCO Locking.......................................................................................................... 60 7.3.2 Rx Front End.......................................................................................................... 60 7.3.3 IF Section............................................................................................................... 60 7.4 EXCITER MODULE............................................................................................................. 61 7.4.1 VCO Locking.......................................................................................................... 61 7.4.2 RF Power............................................................................................................... 61 7.5 POWER AMPLIFIER............................................................................................................ 61 8 DRAWINGS......................................................................................................................... 63 8.1 CURRENT DRAWINGS........................................................................................................ 63 9 SPARES.............................................................................................................................. 71 APPENDICES A SB2025 Frequency Bands. B Channel Select DIP Switch Settings. C Configuration Procedure Cable Requirements. D SB2025 Micro Controller PCB Link Settings.

SGD-SB2025NT-TUM, Part 1 Jan 12 Page 6 CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES Page Figure 1. SB2025NT Top and Rear Views. .................................................................................. 21 Figure 2. SB2025NT Front Panel. ................................................................................................ 21 Figure 3. SB2025NT Rear Panel.................................................................................................. 23 Figure 4. SB2025NT Block Diagram. ........................................................................................... 37 Figure 5. HyperTerminal – Menu.................................................................................................. 42 Figure 6. NI ET – Audio Mode to ‘Remote’................................................................................... 43 Figure 7. NI Engineering – Main Audio tab, ‘In Audio Sensitivity’ settings. ................................... 44 Figure 8. NI Engineering – Facilities tab, Test Tone settings........................................................ 45 Figure 9. NI Engineering – Signalling tab, Manual Trigger. .......................................................... 45 Figure 10. MxTools – Set Software Channel to tick button. .......................................................... 46 Figure 11. NI Engineering – Facilities tab, Test Tone Frequency. ................................................ 47 Figure 12. MxTools – Channel Edit page. .................................................................................... 47 Figure 13. Typical result for Tx Modulation displayed on RTS...................................................... 48 Figure 14. Rx Component Overlay............................................................................................... 64 Figure 15. Exciter Component Overlay. ....................................................................................... 64 Figure 15. Exciter Component Overlay. ....................................................................................... 65 Figure 16. PA Component Overlay – Superseded Version........................................................... 65 Figure 16. PA Component Overlay – Superseded Version........................................................... 66 Figure 17. PA Component Overlay – New Wide Band PA Version............................................... 67 Figure 18. Micro Controller Component Overlay (Rev S). ............................................................ 68 Figure 19. Tx and Rx VCO Component Overlay Bands A to Q3................................................... 69 Figure 20. Tx and Rx VCO Component Overlay Bands R to X..................................................... 69 Figure 21. HP Rx VCO Component Overlay Bands A to Q. ......................................................... 70 Figure 22. Tx/Rx V3 VCO Component Overlay. ........................................................................... 70 Figure C-1. T36 Module Serial Cable – wiring details................................................................... 75 Figure D-1. Micro Controller Jumper and Link locations............................................................... 77

SGD-SB2025NT-TUM, Part 1 Jan 12 Page 7 CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES Page Table 1. General Specifications. .................................................................................................. 13 Table 2. Transmitter Specifications. ............................................................................................. 13 Table 3. Receiver Specifications.................................................................................................. 13 Table 4. Functions and Default Positions of the Micro Controller Jumpers................................... 16 Table 5. DIP Switch 2 Settings..................................................................................................... 18 Table 6. SB2025NT LED Functions. ............................................................................................ 22 Table 7. TM Status Indicator. ....................................................................................................... 22 Table 8. NI Status Indicator.......................................................................................................... 23 Table 9. Rear Panel Connections. ............................................................................................... 24 Table 10. 20-way MDR Socket – Environment I/O. ...................................................................... 25 Table 11. 15-way D Socket – GPS/1PPS Timing Signal. ............................................................. 26 Table 12. DC Power Connector. .................................................................................................. 26 Table 13. RJ45 – Standard Network wiring. ................................................................................. 26 Table 14. 100 W PA Banding Information. ................................................................................... 33 Table 15. Microprocessor Port Parameters.................................................................................. 33 Table 16. MxTools, Channel Edit Settings.................................................................................... 46 Table 17. Drawings. ..................................................................................................................... 63 Table A-1. SB2025 Frequency Bands. ......................................................................................... 72 Table A-2. FCC Type Approvals for SB2025................................................................................ 72 Table B-1. Channel Select DIP Switch Settings. .......................................................................... 73

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SGD-SB2025NT-TUM, Part 1 Jan 12 Page 9 INTRODUCTION 1 INTRODUCTION The SB2025 Series of Base Stations are based on the SB2000 base station with integrated Solar 2 hardware to give additional functionality. They employ state of the art design and construction methods to deliver a range of high performance, ultra reliable radio transceivers. They are ideally suited for use in Very High Frequency (VHF) or Ultra High Frequency (UHF) two-way analogue and P25 voice radio systems, however, the SB2025 can perform in a range of applications. The SB2025NT is an SB2000 with integrated Solar 2 Traffic Manager (TM) and Network Interface (NI) units. 1.1 SB2025 APPLICATIONS The flexibility of the SB2025 series allows it to be configured for a wide range of applications. Standard SB2025 applications include: • Solar Analogue/P25 Repeater (with Digital Fixed Station Interface (DFSI) – SB2025NT). • Full duplex or simplex base station. • Voice Repeater. • Simulcast Tx. • Quasi-Sync offset Tx. The SB2025 incorporates special technical features, of which the key ones are listed below: • Extremely low conducted emissions. • Extremely low Tx spurious. • Very Wide RF switching bandwidth. • No re-tune Rx or Tx. • Fully software programmable. • Built in diagnostics. In addition, the SB2025 can be fitted with many options, not being limited to the following: • Programmable channel spacing. • External reference oscillator input. • High stability options. • Special high performance Rx options. • Other custom features on special request. For further information, please contact Simoco. 1.2 SOLAR 2 – BRIEF DESCRIPTION The Solar NI System enables the connection of multi RF Base Stations over an Internet Protocol (IP) network using wideband Voice over IP (VoIP) techniques to construct a wide area coverage Analogue or P25 Private Mobile Radio (PMR) channel. There are additional, secondary features integral to Solar that are designed to be of use to systems integrators in the building of a radio system to meet user requirements without the use of additional hardware.

SGD-SB2025NT-TUM, Part 1 Jan 12 Page 11 INTRODUCTION •••• Return (RTN) path – Talk In direction. The synchronization process requires access to a globally available 1PPS (Global Positioning System (GPS)); when configured as ‘enabled’ the process is automatic; there is no manual version, although the average value of delays being experienced across the network will be displayed on the Engineering Terminal (ET). (b). Multicast style Solar will operate in systems that are built as Multicast, i.e. where multiple Base Tx’s are triggered simultaneously but there is no requirement for GO audio synchronization as the Tx’s are on different frequencies. Therefore, this mode of operation does not require GPS. (c). Transmitter Steering Style Solar is able to be configured to operate in a Tx Steering Mode using commands from a host console system via an IP connection. This feature is implemented to suit specific console models. (d). Single Tx, Voted Receivers Style A Solar SB2025NT can be configured to operate as a receive-only unit to provide better receive coverage for hand portable users. 1.4 SOLAR 2 P25 Solar 2 provides the means to deliver synchronised audio that is carried over an IP network to multiple base station transmitters for simulcast operation. Building upon this well proven “synchronising engine” the SB2025 supports simulcast analogue and P25. A Solar 2 P25 system will comprise of at least one Solar TM and a number of Station NIs. A single TM may be used as a standalone entity or be paired with a second unit working in duplicated mode for enhanced resilience (1+1 operation). As with the original version of Solar, the TM is capable of controlling a maximum of 32 Station NIs, which may be deployed across more than one channel to a maximum of four. A DFSI connection can be made to each channel in the TM or one or more NIs may be used in Central mode (Central NI) to provide the console Analogue Fixed Station Interface (AFSI) to an analogue or P25 channel. On Solar P25 systems, a channel may be configured to operate in either analogue only mode, P25 only mode, or automatic mode. The latter mode enables mixed operation on a call-by-call basis as might be necessary during system migration. All Solar 2 P25 Station NIs and TM units must be provided with a global timing signal to achieve system wide synchronisation; this is not mandatory for Central NI units, which can take timing from the TM. The global timing signal is normally derived from a GPS Rx, and equipment that meets that requirement and is a direct plug-in to Solar 2 is available from DTS. The TM receives IP packets from, and sends IP packets to, every NI on the system. The IP packets are formatted in exactly the same way as for Solar 1, in order to maintain commonality as well as using time-proven format and simplifying processing when signals are conventional analogue and not P25.

SGD-SB2025NT-TUM, Part 1 Jan 12 Page 12 INTRODUCTION In the Tx direction (outgoing), the TM constructs the P25 frames from the voice data bit stream coming from the Central NI or DFSI in IP packets or from the voted Station NI if in Talkthrough (T/T) mode. The TM sends out the P25 frames in IP packets to every Station NI on the channel. In non-P25 mode, the packets from the Central NI or voted Station NI are basically replicated for each Station NI. In the Rx direction (incoming), the TM reads the data in the packets to determine the mode of signal. For P25 signals, the TM checks for errors and applies error correction. Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI) information is used for signal quality comparison measurements, so that the site offering the best incoming signal is selected or voted. The site that is presenting the best quality signal will be selected and data packets passed to the Central NI or DFSI, which will decode the plain or P25 audio as appropriate and output analogue audio to the console system with any corresponding signalling.

SGD-SB2025NT-TUM, Part 1 Jan 12 Page 13 SPECIFICATIONS 2 SPECIFICATIONS 2.1 GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS Table 1. General Specifications. Antenna Connections Tx and Rx both 50 Ω Female N-type connectors. (N-type Female simplex option). Analogue – Direct Frequency Modulation (FM) two point method. Modulation ±2.5 kHz narrow band, ±5 kHz wide band Channel Spacing Analogue – Programmable 25/12.5 kHz. Channels 255 PC software selectable. Supply Voltage 13.8 V DC ±20% or optional AC mains input. Operating Temperature -30 °C to +60 °C (-22 °F to 140 °F) Frequency Bands: A full list of available frequency bands is contained in Appendix A. Size 2U Height 19” rack mountable. Weight <9 kg 2.2 TRANSMITTER SPECIFICATIONS Table 2. Transmitter Specifications. Power Output 1 W to 50 W (100 W option). Frequency Stability 1.5 ppm std; UHF - 2.5 ppm; VHF – 5 ppm; VHF-Low – 20 ppm; 800 MHz – 1.0 ppm Analogue Audio Response Flat within +1 dB, -3 dB across B/W. Analogue Audio Bandwidth 300 Hz – 3000 Hz. Analogue Modulation Distortion <2% @ 60% deviation. 2.3 RECEIVER SPECIFICATIONS Table 3. Receiver Specifications. Sensitivity Better than -117 dB for 12 dB SINAD, typically -120 dB. P25 – better than -117 dB for 5% BER. Audio Bandwidth 300 Hz – 3000 Hz (+1/-3 dB) Intermodulation Immunity Better than 82 dB Blocking Better than 100 dB at ±1 MHz point Distortion <2% @ 60% deviation.

SGD-SB2025NT-TUM, Part 1 Jan 12 Page 14 SPECIFICATIONS 2.4 P25 (APCO-25) SPECIFICATIONS • Repeats Mixed Mode P25 Digital and Analogue transmissions. • Automatically switches to P25 mode on reception of P25 carrier. • Passes P25 Network Access Codes (NACs) unchanged if required. • Passes P25 private calls and group calls. • Passes P25 clear or encrypted.

SGD-SB2025NT-TUM, Part 1 Jan 12 Page 15 INSTALLATION & OPERATION 3 INSTALLATION AND OPERATION 3.1 INSTALLATION SB2025 series radios are securely packed for transport with special moulded packers within a pasteboard container. Before unpacking the SB2025 radio, please inspect the packaging for signs of damage and report any damage to your SB2025 distributor. Upon unpacking of the SB2025 radio, please ensure that all items shipped were received, report any missing items to your SB2025 distributor. All ports on the rear of the radio should be carefully examined to ensure that packaging has not become wedged inside them. It is very important to examine the fan as operation of the radio will be affected if any packaging or shipping damage causes the fan to stop working. If you intend to install the radio in an equipment rack consult the supplier’s instructions for your system. Simoco recommends that the radio be secured into the rack system using four screws through the mounting holes in the front panel and supported on a rack shelf. If the radio is to be used in a stand-alone configuration, ensure that it is in a secure, dry location with sufficient air space around it to allow for adequate ventilation. It is recommended that the chassis is earthed to the equipment rack. A grounding screw terminal is provided on the left side of the main chassis for connection to the site ground point (Protective Earth). The wire is terminated with a closed loop ring terminal (eyelet) connector which is fixed to the earthing screw with a lock washer to stop them working loose. It is important that the earth wire connector is located at bottom, closest to the chassis. The earthing conductor should be connected to the best possible earth, such as an earthed mounting plate or an earth rod. Remember that the earthing conductor must be as short as possible and lowest resistance typically <0.1 Ω. It is recommended to protect the Base Station from lightning, by using a lightning arrestor. There are many publications covering antennas and their installation. Consult with your local dealer for more information and recommendations. Equipment connection details are located in Section 4. The SB2025 will draw approximately 10 A (band dependent) on transmit and the gauge of the DC cable fitted to the 12 V supply connector should be adequate to ensure less than 0.5 V volt-drop at this current. To maintain compliance with Radio and Telecommunications Terminal Equipment (R&TTE) (CE) approval, the DC cable length should not exceed three metres. Note. The SB2025 contains No reverse polarity protection. Ensure both the positive (red) and negative (black) terminals are correctly connected and an inline 15 Amp fuse is fitted on the Positive wire. See example in picture below (Not include). Fuse Link15Amp FuseIn lin e F useHolder

SGD-SB2025NT-TUM, Part 1 Jan 12 Page 16 INSTALLATION & OPERATION 3.2 OPERATION The SB2025 can operate in stand alone repeater mode as part of a Solar channel, or, in the case of the SB2025NT, may be remotely controlled through the Ethernet port using the Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA) DFSI protocol. Setting up the SB2025 to operate in the wanted mode is straightforward and involves four main steps. 1. Using the SB2025 programming utilities ‘MxTools’ and the ET to set the software configurable parameters. 2. Setting the hardware jumpers on the Micro Controller for the required options. 3. Adjusting the levels where necessary. 4. Making the necessary electrical connections to the radio and your system. Generally, if the requirements have been fully specified at time of purchase, Steps 1 to 3 will already have been done at the factory. In the following sections, the hardware aspects of the setup procedure are described. 3.2.1 MxTools Utility MxTools is a programming utility used to program channel data, configure and perform remote diagnostics on the SB2025. It runs on a compatible Personal Computer (PC) and the MxTools Inbuilt help menus cover use of the program. 3.2.2 Setting to Work The following sections describe the steps necessary to set the SB2025 to operate as required. 3.2.2.1 Setting Micro Controller Jumpers The Micro Controller component layout is shown in Figure 20 in Section 8 – Drawings. The functions and default positions of the jumpers and Dual In-line Package (DIP) switches are shown below. The jumpers and DIP switches are used for setting the general configuration of the audio processing for both the Tx and Rx paths as well as various miscellaneous functions. A summary of the functions of the Micro Controller Jumpers is shown below in Table 4. Table 4. Functions and Default Positions of the Micro Controller Jumpers. Jumper Function/Description Default Selection Default Position JMP1 Selects either default RUN or EMULATE mode for the microprocessor. Run 2-3 JMP2 Enables the WATCHDOG auto reset function in the microprocessor. Enabled 1-2 JMP3 No effect in SB2025. 1-2 JMP4 No effect in SB2025. 1-2 JMP5 No effect in SB2025. 2-3 JMP6 No effect in SB2025. 2-3 JMP7 No effect in SB2025. 2-3 JMP8 Enables a direct connection to the Tx modulator. Select either Wide Band or Wide Band filtered and limited or nil. DC-FM 2-3 JMP9 No effect in SB2025. 1-2

SGD-SB2025NT-TUM, Part 1 Jan 12 Page 17 INSTALLATION & OPERATION Jumper Function/Description Default Selection Default Position JMP10 Controls the direction of the RS-232 Tx and Rx data. Swap 2-3 JMP11 Controls the direction of the RS-232 Tx and Rx data. Swap 2-3 JMP12 No effect in SB2025. 1-2 JMP13 No effect in SB2025. 1-2 JMP14 No effect in SB2025. 1-2 JMP15 No effect in SB2025. 2-3 JMP16 No effect in SB2025. 2-3 JMP17 Selects the Mute/Squelch output polarity to either normally high or low. Active low 1-2 JMP18 No effect in SB2025. Active low 1-2 JMP19 No effect in SB2025. Pull up 2-3 JMP22 No effect in SB2025. Low gain Not fitted JMP23 No effect in SB2025. Disabled Not fitted JMP24 No effect in SB2025. 1-2 Mute defeat enable. Mute defeat cannot be used if RX TALK line is required. To use mute defeat remove JMP12 and fit JMP 25. The control signal polarity can be inverted by changing the position of JMP25. Active low control: JMP25 2-3 JMP25 Active high control: JMP25 1-2 Disabled Not fitted JMP26 CTCSS O/P / Tx VF Loopback control Tx VF Loopback 2-3 JMP27 CTCSS I/P / WB DCFM I/P WB DCFM I/P 2-3 T99 Option Link IN When the SB2025 option card is not fitted, there is no connection made to SKK (Aux 2 connector) on the Micro Controller. Links should be placed across SKK1-2 (Discriminator audio), SKK11-12 (Tx supply) and SKK13-14 (Rx supply). These links are normally fitted in production. 3.2.2.2 Select Operating Mode The SB2025 can operate in a number of different modes. The primary alternatives are full duplex, which is the default mode, repeater and simplex. Using MxTools, the operating mode is programmed for each channel. When a channel is selected in operation, the SB2025 adopts the mode programmed for that channel. The operating mode programmed in the software can be modified by the settings of DIP Switch 2. The functions of this switch are detailed overleaf in Table 5.

SGD-SB2025NT-TUM, Part 1 Jan 12 Page 18 INSTALLATION & OPERATION Table 5. DIP Switch 2 Settings. SW 2 Function Description Default Select 1 PTT Delay Enables 50 ms delay of PTT for use with simplex function. OFF 2 Simplex Enable Enables simplex function* ON 3 Tx Timer Sets programmable Tx time out timer on ON 4 Repeater Enable Enables repeater function* ON 5 Tx VCO on continuously Switches Tx VCO on continuously. OFF 6 Scan on Selects the Rx to enable the scanning of programmed scan channels. OFF Note. For the Repeater Enable functions, if the switch is ON and the channel is programmed as a repeater channel (using MxTools) the SB2025 will act as a repeater. If the switch is OFF the SB2025 will remain in full duplex mode even if the channel is programmed as a repeater. The Simplex Enable operates in a similar way. 3.2.2.3 Select Operating Channel The SB2025 has a channel capacity of 255. The RF and Continuous Tone Coded Sub-audible Squelch (CTCSS) frequencies for each channel are programmed using the MxTools Channel Information screen. There are two ways of selecting the operating channel. 1. DIP Switch 8-way. DIP switch SW1 provides a binary channel selection facility. When a switch is ON it is read as a logical 1. When all switches are off the software channel select mode is enabled. 2. Software Channel Select. If DIP switch SW1 is set to 0 (zero) then it is possible to send a software command to the radio to select the channel. The following rules apply. Note. The assumptions of logic levels are base on the factory default setup. The Active state is Low. DIP1 switches have priority over channel change. If any of DIP1 switches are set to ON (logic low), the rear inputs and the software Channel command will be ignored. If DIP1 switches are set to OFF (logic high), the software commands will select the channel. 3.2.2.4 Configure Alarms/M Lead The SB2025 has three open collector outputs. Two of these are assigned as alarm outputs and one (Output 1) may be configured as either an alarm output or an M Lead output. However, Output 1 should be configured as an M Lead, this line is active when mute is open and CTCSS/DCS (Digital Coded Squelch) is decoded. These outputs are assigned on the Configuration screen of MxTools. 3.2.2.5 Configure Digital I/O The SB2025 has 16 digital Input/Output (I/Os). These are configured using the ET.

SGD-SB2025NT-TUM, Part 1 Jan 12 Page 19 INSTALLATION & OPERATION 3.2.3 Adjustments There are two categories of adjustable parameters in the SB2025: • those that are controlled by conventional potentiometers, which may be manually adjusted; and • those controlled by digital potentiometers, which are under the control of the Micro Controller. The latter category of items comprises Tx power, Tx Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO) deviation, Tx reference oscillator deviation and Tx reference oscillator frequency. All of these are adjusted with the aid of the MxTools programming utility, and all except Tx power should only be adjusted as a part of a full Tx VF path alignment procedure. Following adjustment of a digipot controlled parameter, the value must then be saved to the radio to make the change permanent. Refer to Section 6 – Alignment and Testing for details.

SGD-SB2025NT-TUM, Part 1 Jan 12 Page 20 GENERAL DESCRIPTION 4 GENERAL DESCRIPTION The SB2025 series employs state of the art design and construction methods to deliver a range of high performance, ultra reliable radio transceivers. They are ideally suited for use in VHF or UHF two way voice radio systems, however, the SB2025 can perform in a range of applications where the added advantage of linear frequency and phase response from DC to 3.4 kHz can be utilised. The SB2025 uses a two-point modulation method synthesiser for extended low-end Voice Frequency (VF) transmit frequency response. The Receiver, Exciter and Power Amplifier (PA) are contained in their own specialised aluminium module and can be easily removed from the main chassis. The flexibility of the SB2025 series allows it to be configured for a wide range of applications. 4.1 PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION The SB2025 base station is a compact lightweight standard 19” rack mounting transceiver. It is designed to mount horizontally in a 19” rack frame and occupies 2U (89mm). The depth of the unit is 330 mm and the weight is less than 10 kg. The unit consists of six main sub assemblies an Exciter Module, a Rx Module, a PA Module, a Micro Controller Board, and Solar 2 NI and, optionally, a TM unit. These modules are housed in a fully welded steel case. The SB2025 base stations feature a high degree of Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) and Electro-Magnetic Interference (EMI) screening throughout the design and construction. The Rx and Exciter (low power Tx) modules are contained in solid aluminium enclosures and, for additional screening, each interface pin in the modules is individually filtered. The PA module is contained in a special compact efficient extrusion for minimum harmonic radiation. This design results in low conducted and radiated emissions and minimal susceptibility to RFI and EMI. User interface is via the front and rear panels. The rear panel provides access to all connectors and the standard front panel provides six Light Emitting Diode (LED) indicators of the radio status. For reference purposes, the top and rear views of a typical SB2025NT are shown overleaf in Figure 1. In Figure 1, the main modules and Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) are numbered and refer to the following: 1. Rx Module. 8. Rear Panel Ethernet PCB. 2. Exciter Module. 9. Power Distribution and LED PCB. 3. T36 Option – Tx Reference Oscillator. 10. Environment PCB. 4. Micro Controller PCB. 11. Management PCB. 5. Network Interface PCB. 12. Switch PCB. 6. Compact Flash Adapter PCB. 13. Power Amplifier. 7. Pico ITX Motherboard.

SGD-SB2025NT-TUM, Part 1 Jan 12 Page 21 GENERAL DESCRIPTION Figure 1. SB2025NT Top and Rear Views. 4.1.1 Front Panel The SB2025NT front panel is illustrated below in Figure 2. Custom versions of the front panel can be supplied to Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) customers. Figure 2. SB2025NT Front Panel. 12345678910111213LED IndicatorsUSBConnectorFan grill

SGD-SB2025NT-TUM, Part 1 Jan 12 Page 22 GENERAL DESCRIPTION 4.1.1.1 LED Indicators The functions of the front panel LEDs are explained in Table 6 below. Each LED indicates the status of the SB2025NT in real time. Table 6. SB2025NT LED Functions. LED FUNCTION PWR Indicates the power supply voltage is within software selectable limits. Rx The Rx is receiving a signal or the receiver’s squelch is open. Tx The Tx is transmitting RF power. ALARM A pre-arranged alarm condition exists. M This is a tri-colour status LED that indicates the condition of the TM module if fitted. The conditions that can be indicated are detailed in Table 7 below. N This is a tri-colour status LED that indicates the condition of the NI module. The conditions that can be indicated are detailed in Table 8 below. 4.1.1.2 Traffic Manager LED Indicator The conditions indicated by the state and colour of the tri-colour status LED for a TM Module are listed below in Table 7. Table 7. TM Status Indicator. Colour State Condition Green Steady Normal Operation Yellow Flashing (approx 1 Hz) Power ON and booting, for about 40 s from Power ON. Green Flashing (approx 1 Hz) Traffic Manager firmware starting (about 40 s after a Power ON or immediately after a firmware change) Red Steady Unacknowledged system alarm Yellow Steady Acknowledged system alarm still present 4.1.1.3 Network Interface LED Indicator When power is first applied to the NI, the LED will not show the valid status of the module for several seconds. The unit becomes operational in under 5 seconds, although it will take longer for the Phase Locked Loop (PLL) to become locked when absolute synchronisation is achieved assuming that the 1PPS timing signal is present at Power ON. If a GPS Rx is being powered by the Solar unit, the GPS acquisition time will need to be included. The conditions indicated by the state and colour of the tri-colour LED for a NI Module are listed overleaf in Table 8.

SGD-SB2025NT-TUM, Part 1 Jan 12 Page 23 GENERAL DESCRIPTION Table 8. NI Status Indicator. Colour State Condition Precedence Green Steady Normal Operation – Idle 5 Central NI = Voted Signal is present Yellow Flashing (approx 0.5 Hz) Station NI = Rx Signal/squelch active 4 Central NI = Tx Key I/P is present Yellow Steady Station NI = Tx Keyed 3 Red Flashing (approx 0.5 Hz) Loss of 1PPS signal or an inhibit condition is applied 2 Red Steady No Network Communications 1 The precedence column shows what indication will be displayed when two or more states coincide; the highest level is 1, the lowest level is 5. 4.1.1.4 USB Connector The Universal Serial Bus (USB) Type B connector is used for basic connection of the ET. 4.1.2 Rear Panel The rear panel of the SB2025 series base station is identical for all models and is illustrated below in Figure 3. The functions of each connector on the rear panel are detailed overleaf in Table 9. Figure 3. SB2025NT Rear Panel. DC PowerInputCN8 N-TypeTx OutputCN9RJ45CN7 BNC 10 MHzHigh Stab. Osc. InputCN1GPS 1PPSTiming SignalCN3 I/OEnvironmentThermallyControlled FanCN6 N-TypeRx Input

SGD-SB2025NT-TUM, Part 1 Jan 12 Page 24 GENERAL DESCRIPTION Table 9. Rear Panel Connections. Connector # Conn Type Function Description CN5 3 PIN DC Power I/P 13.8 V DC power I/P. Also +28 V I/P on spare pin if required. CN6 N TYPE N type Rx I/P N-Type connector can used for the I/P to the Rx for full duplex operation. CN7 BNC Rx I/P Standard BNC connector for the 10 MHz High Stability Oscillator I/P. CN8 N TYPE Tx O/P The RF power O/P from the Tx for full duplex operation. CN9 RJ45 Ethernet 10/100 base-T RJ45 Ethernet connector. CN3 20-way MDR-F Environment I/O Provided for monitoring and control of external devices. Has 16 configurable I/Os. CN1 DB15-F GPS 1PPS Timing Provides the GPS interface, if required. 4.1.2.1 GPS (1PPS Timing Signal Input) The 1PPS input can be accepted in either RS422 or TTL voltage format; the connections made to this connector must match the input type and be correctly identified in the configuration parameters. GPS National Marine Electronics Association (NMEA) data such as presented by the Dalman GPS Rx 40762 will be displayed on the GPS page of the ET, however, this data input can only be accepted in RS422 format. 4.1.2.2 Environment I/O Integral to Solar is the provision for monitoring and control of external devices. All signals are relative to ground and have voltage input and current switching limits. A low current 12 V supply is also available from this connector to drive switching circuits (see Section 4.2 – Environment I/O Overview). 4.1.2.3 DC Power Input DC power is connected to the base station via this three pin male connector. For 50 W transceivers, pins 2 and 3 are used for the 12 V DC pin 1 is unused. The DC input is fully isolated from chassis and the equipment supply rails, making this option suitable for any supply earth arrangement. 4.1.2.4 Transmitter Output The Tx antenna connection on the SB2025 base stations is provided with a 50 Ω female N-type socket. The antenna cable connections must be made with 50 Ω N-types on flexible tails. The Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) of these connections should be tested prior to use by using of a suitable test set, e.g. an Anritsu/Wiltron S331A. A good VSWR of 1.5:1 or better at the relevant Tx and Rx frequencies should be ensured. Mating connectors should be galvanically compatible with nickel outer and gold centre pin to minimise passive intermodulation. A minimum of 85 dB transmit-receive isolation should be provided by the antenna system and associated filters. It is recommended that a good quality flexible co-axial cable is used, e.g. with double-screening braid and multi-strand copper inner.

SGD-SB2025NT-TUM, Part 1 Jan 12 Page 25 GENERAL DESCRIPTION CAUTION The Antenna System must to be protected against lightning by means of an earthing system and surge protection device. Do not connect Antenna Lightning conductors to the base station or Mains Earth. 4.1.2.5 Receiver Input This is a 50 Ω female N-type socket, which is used for the RF Rx input in duplex operation. 4.1.2.6 High Stability Oscillator Input (BNC) This is a Bayonet Neill-Concelman (BNC) connector used as the 10 MHz high stability input. 4.1.2.7 Ethernet The Ethernet socket is a 10/100 base-T RJ45 connection. The Ethernet socket provides a 10Base Ethernet connection for the NI module and/or the TM module. If only the NI module is fitted, the connection speed will be 10 Mbps, half duplex. If the TM module is fitted, the connection speed will be 10/100Mbps as negotiated with the host Ethernet network. 4.1.3 Connector Pin-outs 4.1.3.1 Environment I/O The connector pin-outs for the 20-way Mini Data Ribbon (MDR) Environment I/O socket are shown below in Table 10. Table 10. 20-way MDR Socket – Environment I/O. Pin Function Pin Function 1 Input/Output # 1 11 Input/Output # 9 2 Input/Output # 2 12 Input/Output # 10 3 Input/Output # 3 13 Input/Output # 11 4 Input/Output # 4 14 Input/Output # 12 5 Input/Output # 5 15 Input/Output # 13 6 Input/Output # 6 16 Input/Output # 14 7 Input/Output # 7 17 Input/Output # 15 8 Input/Output # 8 18 Input/Output # 16 9 0 V – Common/Ground 19 0 V – Common/Ground 10 +12 V supply (max 300 mA) 20 +12 V supply (max 300 mA) 4.1.3.2 GPS (1PPS Timing Signal Input) The connector pin-outs for the 15-way D GPS/1PPS Timing Signal socket are shown overleaf in Table 11.

SGD-SB2025NT-TUM, Part 1 Jan 12 Page 26 GENERAL DESCRIPTION Table 11. 15-way D Socket – GPS/1PPS Timing Signal. Pin Function 1 +12 V supply (reverse feed & current limited protection) 2 GPS Data I/P – RS422 ‘A’ 3 GPS Data I/P – RS422 ‘B’ 4 1PPS Signal I/P – RS422 ‘A’ 5 1PPS Signal I/P – RS422 ‘B’ 6 Not Connected (NC) 7 NC 8 NC 9 NC 10 Data to GPS Rx – RS422 ‘A’ (not normally used) 11 Data to GPS Rx – RS422 ‘B’ (not normally used) 12 0 V – Common/Ground 13 NC 14 1PPS Signal TTL Input – reference to 0 V 15 NC Shell Cable screen 4.1.3.3 DC Power Input DC – 3-pin male connector: only two pins are wired to suit the voltage range. Table 12. DC Power Connector. Pin Function 1 Unused 2 Ground 3 +13.8 VDC 4.1.3.4 Ethernet The standard network cable wiring for an RJ45 is shown below in Table 13. Table 13. RJ45 – Standard Network wiring. Pin Description Pin Description 1 Tx Data+, balanced I/P 1 5 NC 2 Tx Data−, balanced I/P 2 6 Rx Data−, balanced O/P 2 3 Rx Data+, balanced O/P 1 7 NC 4 NC 8 NC 18312+ -

SGD-SB2025NT-TUM, Part 1 Jan 12 Page 27 GENERAL DESCRIPTION 4.2 ENVIRONMENT I/O OVERVIEW The Environment I/O interface module in Solar provides a facility to monitor and control external devices in a simple “ON/OFF” or “Active/Inactive” state. This information is conveyed via the data packet protocol such that a change in input status and output change command will be notified, typically within 1 second. There are sixteen connection points; each point can be designated as an input or an output to suit the needs of the equipment environment. The input conditions are signalled back to the TM for display or notification, which is also the point of operation of the control outputs. Monitoring of inputs and operation of outputs may also be conducted locally. Their purpose may be a mixture of anything the user finds useful – e.g. radio base station alarms, monitoring the building state, control equipment switching, etc. 4.2.1 Inputs and Outputs The I/Os are in binary form, i.e. On/Off, High/Low etc. Setting the “polarity” of the inputs (monitor points) is important if they are to be used as Alarm triggers. Each port can be “named” to assist in identification of the function connected to it; these names are entered into the unit via the ET. The names are passed down to the TM as part of the Supervision Data link. Connection to these I/O ports is not intended to be ‘universal’ and, therefore, requires some thought in order to achieve the required functionality. Particularly, the external wiring of the Inputs (Monitor Points) needs to be addressed with some care both from the electrical as well as the functional point of view. Bear in mind the effect on the function if the plug connecting the Environment is disconnected. If the function has been wired to be open circuit in its normal state and closed circuit to show an alarm or error, then, with the connector removed, the alarm state can never be detected. Perhaps it would be an advantage to wire the other way round, then an alarm is detected – even if it is only to show the connector has been removed. 4.2.2 Input ‘Polarity’ In order to assist with the detection of an “error” state or at least to get the status indicators to work in a logical sense, a method of inverting the “polarity” of the sense is provided via the ET. If a spare input is available, it may be useful to link this to ground within the mating connector and, therefore, reflect the state of the connector being present or not. 4.2.3 Output ‘Polarity’ The “CONDITION ON” state for each input may be defined as input low or input high as appropriate on an individual input basis. Similarly, the “ON” state for each output may be defined as “Button IN” or “Button OUT” on an individual output by output basis to suit the required purpose. 4.2.4 Electrical Constraints The source of an input signal may be in the form of dry switch contacts, open collector, or ‘Hi/Lo’ voltages where a “Hi” voltage is ≥1.3 V and <50 V, and a “Lo” voltage is ≤1.0 V. An open circuit will ‘float’ up to approximately 3 V as a 3.3 kΩ pull-up resistor is used and, therefore, an external input must present less than a 2 kΩ resistance to be registered as a low state. The outputs are high current open-collector Darlington arrays and can be used on loads supplied externally to a maximum voltage of 50 V and switch a maximum current of 350 mA. At this current, the ‘ON’ output voltage will be approximately 1 V.

$SGD-SB2025NT-TUM, Part 1 Jan 12 Page 28 GENERAL DESCRIPTION The environment I/O is arranged into two groups where each group connects to the same physical device (integrated circuit). To keep the power dissipation of each device within operating limits, the total current that may be switched by all the control outputs in one group must not exceed 500 mA when all outputs are “ON”. 4.3 MODULE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION 4.3.1 Exciter Module The Exciter module generates the low level, on frequency, RF Tx signal that is later amplified to nominal output power level by the PA module. The Exciter consists of a VCO and associated main RF board, which, in conjunction with the reference oscillator and the PLL circuitry, forms a two-point modulation programmable frequency synthesiser. Frequency programming data is received from the Micro Controller via a 3-wire serial data bus. The Exciter module features a modulation bandwidth from DC with an ultra wide RF bandwidth of 20 MHz to 1000 MHz at an average RF output power of 300 mW. To change from one band to another, all that is required is to change the plug-in VCO board and reprogram the radio. No other manual adjustment or change is required. Should a high stability reference be required, the exciter can be fitted with a connector for an external reference oscillator input. The fractional N synthesiser provides ultra low spurii while still maintaining fast lock times even at 6.25 kHz step size. An optional built-in turn around mixer provides advanced diagnostics such as Rx sensitivity tests. 4.3.2 Receiver Module The Rx module accepts the low level RF input signal and amplifies, filters and conditions the signal prior to detecting the wanted audio component. The Rx module features the same advanced synthesiser and wide bandwidth as the Exciter. Only the front-end bandpass filter and VCO need to be changed in order to support different frequency bands, resulting in significant flexibility and end-user cost savings. The purpose built front-end bandpass filter has a wide no-adjust bandwidth equal to the band allocation (refer to Appendix A for details of the band allocations). The Rx has high sensitivity while maintaining excellent intermodulation immunity and adjacent channel rejection. A dual first Intermediate Frequency (IF) filter provides excellent rejection to common known spurious responses. High blocking of over 100 dB typical ensures that strong interfering signals do not desensitise the Rx when receiving weak signals. 4.3.3 Power Amplifier Module RF from the Exciter passes via a coaxial cable to the input of the PA Module and is first attenuated by a 50 Ω pad, which is used to provide a good 50 Ω source impedance for the first Laterally Diffused Metal Oxide Semiconductor (LDMOS) driver amplifier. The RF is amplified to around 5 Watts at the driver output, and is band dependant. (Note. This point does not have 50 Ω impedance and the drive power cannot be measured directly with a 50 Ω Wattmeter). The signal from the driver is then matched by a broadband network to drive the low input impedance associated with the final transmit LDMOS PA transistor. The transistor’s low drain impedance is then also matched back to 50 Ω by a broadband matching network covering a very wide bandwidth. Prior to transmission, a low loss 13 element elliptical low pass filter, filters out the unwanted harmonics to less than –90 dBc. A dual directional coupler consists of coupled microstrip transmission lines fabricated on the PCB artwork. The sampled RF energy is rectified to provide a proportional DC voltage output.$

SGD-SB2025NT-TUM, Part 1 Jan 12 Page 29 GENERAL DESCRIPTION The Press (Push) To Talk (PTT) signal enables the amplifier circuit by providing bias to the transistors. A thermistor TS1, physically located on the PA heatsink monitors the heatsink’s temperature and is monitored by the Micro Controller. The PA is very compact and efficient for high reliability and low cost. The heatsink has minimal temperature rise even under continuous operation, ensuring the best Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF) obtainable for a practical design. 4.3.4 Micro Controller Board The Micro Controller Board is physically located behind the rear panel connectors and all signal connections (apart from the RF connections) external to the transceiver are made via the controller card. User settable jumpers and DIP switches are located on the card as are level adjustment potentiometers. The Micro Controller controls the operation of the RF modules and acts as the interface between the Solar NI, indicators and the RF modules. It also processes transmit and received audio to and from the Exciter and Rx modules. The circuit board has an onboard Electrically Erasable Read-Only Memory (EEROM), which stores all of the user channel related data such as frequencies. A serial port at the front of the SB2025 provides access to the NI and Controller card and, in conjunction with the Simoco ‘Engineering Terminal’ and ‘MxTools’ programming utilities, allows the user fully configure the SB2025 base stations. Digipots under the control of the processor ensure that user set up levels for Tx deviation and power levels are correctly set for each channel. 4.3.5 Network Interface The Network Interface is physically located on a sub-chassis mounted above the Micro Controller Board. Signal connections are made to the Micro Controller Board for audio, Tx/Rx control and a serial data link for configuration of the Micro Controller. Other connections are made via Molex and RJ45 connectors for serial data, 1PPS timing/NMEA data and Ethernet. On receive, the Network Interface samples the Rx demodulator output at 24 kHz and processes the data before sending it to the TM. On an analogue call, the Digital Signals Processor (DSP) carries out CTCSS/Continuous Digital Coded Squelch System (CDCSS) decoding and g.726 encoding of the received audio. The micro controller adds additional information such as RSSI and any detected sub-audio tone/code before packaging and sending to the TM. On a P25 call the DSP provides Continuous 4 Level Frequency Modulation (C4FM) demodulation. On transmit, the NI receives Ethernet packets from the TM and generates appropriate analogue or P25 signals for passing to the wideband modulation input of the Exciter via the Micro Controller Board. CTCSS/CDCSS is generated in the correct phase and mixed with the analogue audio. A PLL is maintained locked to the 1PPS timing reference and along with time stamps in the Ethernet packets ensures transmitted audio/P25 data is correctly in phase for simulcast transmission. 4.3.6 ITX The ITX (also known as Single Board Computer (SBC)) uses the Linux operating system and runs the TM application. 4.3.7 Compact Flash Contains the operating system, the TM application and its configuration files.

SGD-SB2025NT-TUM, Part 1 Jan 12 Page 30 GENERAL DESCRIPTION 4.3.8 SBC Support PCB This PCB includes a 5-port Ethernet switch, two USB sockets, physical support for the Pico Power Supply Unit (PSU), USB Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter (UART) and RS232 interfaces for the ITX. 4.3.9 Aux PCB This PCB contains a micro controller that monitors the operation of the ITX and will attempt to reboot it if necessary. Also included are LEDs and drivers, DC distribution for other PCBs, Environment I/O, GPS interface and a 4-port USB UART for connection to the PC Engineering Terminal Application. 4.3.10 Pico PSU The Pico PSU takes the 12 V DC supply and provides all the voltage rails needed by the ITX and supporting PCBs.

$SGD-SB2025NT-TUM, Part 1 Jan 12 Page 31 TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION 5 TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION The internal design of the SB2025NT is of a modular nature allowing for simple configuration and maintenance while ensuring minimal downtime. For reference purposes, the block diagram of the SB2025NT is shown in Figure 4. 5.1 EXCITER MODULE RF from the VCO on SKU-1 at a nominal level of +3 dBm is applied to the fractional-N synthesiser IC10 main divider input. This signal is compared with the reference oscillator frequency and the correction voltage from the synthesiser’s charge pump output is filtered then amplified by the non-inverting low noise operational amplifier IC9A. This correction voltage is fed back to the VCO to maintain loop lock, as well as being fed to the Micro Controller via SKD-14. A lock detect signal from IC10 is also fed to the Micro Controller via SKD-16. The operational amplifier uses a 25 V power supply (generated on the Micro Controller) in order to provide a wide tuning range voltage to the frequency control varicaps located on the VCO board. Frequency programming data for the Exciter is sent to the synthesiser chip from the Micro Controller via a serial data line on SKD-18 under the control of the Clock (SKD-15) and Strobe (SKD-17) lines. Provision is made for the optional injection of an external reference frequency. If this option is selected, CN3 is fitted and X1 is not fitted. Components R30 and TR7 are also omitted. A second RF output from the VCO on SKT-6 also at +3 dBm is used as the main transmit RF amplifier signal source. This main signal is first buffered by a very high isolation circuit consisting of a 10 dB pad and a Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuit (MMIC) amplifier (IC1). The signal is further amplified by IC2 and a variable gain wide band amplifier with 40 dB control range and power output of 300 mW. The drive power of this stage is used to set the output power to the main PA under the control of the DC voltage on SKD-4 from the Micro Controller board. The VCO boards and synthesiser circuits are the same for the Exciter and Rx modules. The VCO consists of a 10 mm ceramic coaxial resonator with common base oscillator for low phase noise for bands 805 MHz - 960 MHz. Frequencies below 520 MHz use a LC tank circuit. The power supply to the VCO consists of an 8 V regulator and active filter for maximum noise rejection. It is controlled by the Micro Controller through SKD-7, which connects to switch TR6. For standard modulation, transmit audio is fed on SKD-8 to the conventional point of the VCO varactor. For two point modulation, audio is also fed via SKD-19 to the voltage control pin of the VC-TXCO, this in effect cancels out the PLL error that would otherwise have occurred for low audio frequencies, therefore, resulting in a flat VF response. 5.2 RECEIVER MODULE The Rx signal from the antenna enters on CN1 a three section bandpass filter, which provides the initial filtering for the front-end amplifier. The front-end amplifier IC12 is a broadband high performance MMIC with a gain of 18 dB, noise figure of 3 dB and third order intermodulation intercept of +36 dB. A 4 dB pad and a second three section bandpass filter follow this, and a high level double balanced mixer M1. The Rx uses high side local oscillator injection for bands A to M and low side injection for all other bands. RF from the VCO main output on SKT-6 is buffered and amplified to +17 dBm by IC4 and injected in the high level mixer, which down converts the signal to the first IF frequency of 90 MHz (45 MHz for bands A and B, and 70 MHz for bands A4). This IF signal from the mixer is terminated by a bi-directional constant impedance network and is then amplified by a bipolar amplifier TR2 with a gain of 15 dB and third order intermodulation intercept of +35 dB. This provides a high degree of intermodulation rejection for the Rx. A 4-pole crystal filter FL3A/B with its associated matching networks follows this stage. The signal is further amplified and filtered by a transistor amplifier TR3 and its associated 2-pole crystal filter FL4 before being fed into the main IF demodulator chip IC1 with a second IF frequency of 455 kHz. The resulting audio is passed out to$

$SGD-SB2025NT-TUM, Part 1 Jan 12 Page 32 TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION the Micro Controller board on SKD-3. The RSSI from IC1 is buffered by IC5A and connected to the Micro Controller board via SKD-4. RF from the VCO on SKU-1 at a nominal level of +3 dBm is applied to the fractional-N synthesiser (IC10) main divider input. This signal is compared with the reference oscillator frequency and the correction voltage from the synthesiser’s charge pump output is filtered then amplified by the non-inverting low noise operational amplifier (IC11A). This correction voltage is fed back to the VCO to maintain loop lock as well as being fed to the Micro Controller via SKD-14. A lock detect signal from IC10 is also fed to the Micro Controller via SKD-16. The operational amplifier uses a 25 V power supply (generated on the Micro Controller) in order to provide a wide tuning range voltage to the frequency control varicaps located on the VCO board. Frequency programming data for the Rx is sent to the synthesiser chip from the Micro Controller via the a serial data line on SKD-18 under the control of the Clock (SKD-15) and Strobe (SKD-17) lines The Micro Controller, through an enable signal on SKD-8, controls the local oscillator signal to the mixer. This signal switches the supply to the local oscillator amplifier and is used to enable or disable the Rx. Provision is made for the optional injection of an external reference frequency. If this option is selected, CN3 is fitted. 5.3 POWER AMPLIFIER MODULE The SB2025NT now supports Simoco’s new full switching bandwidth PA Module (Wide Band PA), which requires no tuning, equals, exceeds or covers several of Simoco’s band allocations, (refer to Appendix A for details of the band allocations). This new generation PA features much wider RF bandwidth, higher efficiency, greater stability out of band and to zero power levels. This PA is now being rolled out as the standard production PA. 5.3.1 Wide Band PA (50 Watt Model) RF from the Exciter passes via a coaxial cable to the input of the PA Module and is first attenuated by a 50 Ω pad, which is used to provide a good 50 Ω source impedance for the first LDMOS driver amplifier. The RF is amplified to around 5 W at the driver output, and is band dependant. (Note. This point does not have 50 Ω impedance and the drive power cannot be measured directly with a 50 Ω Wattmeter). The signal from the driver is then matched by a broadband network to drive the low input impedance associated with the final transmit LDMOS PA transistor. The transistor’s low drain impedance is then also matched back to 50 Ω by a broadband matching network covering a very wide bandwidth. Prior to transmission, a low loss 13 element elliptical low pass filter, filters out the unwanted harmonics to less than –90 dBc. A dual directional coupler consists of coupled microstrip transmission lines fabricated on the PCB artwork. The sampled RF energy is rectified to provide a proportional DC voltage output. The PTT signal enables the amplifier circuit by providing bias to the transistors. A thermistor, TS1, physically located on the PA heatsink, monitors the heatsink’s temperature and is monitored by the Micro Controller. 5.3.2 Wide Band PA (100 Watt Model) The 100 W models are base on the 50 W technology, using two LDMOS final PA transistors to achieve a 100 W RF output power rating. The final transistor’s low drain impedance is then also matched back to 50 Ω by a broadband matching network covering a very wide bandwidth. Prior to transmission, a low loss 13 element elliptical low pass filter, filters out the unwanted harmonics to less than –90 dBc.$

Simoco EMEA SB2K4354D3D3V 100W SB2025C / Atlas 4100 User Manual manual

Simoco EMEA Ltd 100W SB2025C / Atlas 4100 manual

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