Trimble Navigation TNL450I UHF Radio User Manual Trimble R7 R8 GPS Receiver User Guide

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TNL450I User Manual

User Manual

Version 2.23Revision AApril 2005 FUSER GUIDETrimble® R7/R8 GPS Receiver

SOFTWARE, AND ACCOMPANYING DOCUMENTATION AND MATERIALS, (INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, DAMAGES FOR LOSS OF BUSINESS PROFITS, BUSINESS INTERRUPTION, LOSS OF BUSINESS INFORMATION, OR ANY OTHER PECUNIARY LOSS), REGARDLESS OF WHETHER TRIMBLE HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF ANY SUCH LOSS AND REGARDLESS OF THE COURSE OF DEALING WHICH DEVELOPS OR HAS DEVELOPED BETWEEN YOU AND TRIMBLE. BECAUSE SOME STATES AND JURISDICTIONS DO NOT ALLOW THE EXCLUSION OR LIMITATION OF LIABILITY FOR CONSEQUENTIAL OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES, THE ABOVE LIMITATION MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU. Regulations and SafetyThe Bluetooth module inside your receiver is a radio-modem transmitter and receiver.Regulations regarding the use of the radio-modems vary greatly from country to country. In some countries, the unit can be used without obtaining an end-user license. Other countries require end-user licensing. Consult your local communications governing agency for licensing information.Before operating this receiver, determine if authorization or a license to operate the unit is required in your country. It is the responsibility of the end user to obtain an operator’s permit or license for this receiver radio-modem for the location or country of use.STATEMENT ACCORDING FCC PART 15.19This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) this device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.STATEMENT ACCORDING FCC PART 15.21Modifications not expressly approved by Trimble could void the user's authority to operate the equipment.STATEMENT ACCORDING FCC PART 15.105This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:– Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.– Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.– Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected.-- Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.Type ApprovalType approval, or acceptance, covers technical parameters of the equipment related to emissions that can cause interference. Type approval is granted to the manufacturer of the transmission equipment, independent from the operation or licensing of the units. Some countries have unique technical requirements for operation in particular radio-modem frequency bands. To comply with those requirements, Trimble may have modified your equipment to be granted Type approval. Unauthorized modification of the units voids the Type approval, the warranty, and the operational license of the equipment.SafetyEXPOSURE TO RADIO FREQUENCY RADIATIONYou must maintain a minimum separation distance of 20 cm (approximately 8 in.) between yourself and the radiating GSM antenna for this device to satisfy the RF Exposure requirements of the FCC. For mobile operation, the maximum gain of the GSM antenna must not exceed 0 dBi.

Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide vSafety InformationBefore you use the Trimble® R7 or R8 GPS receiver, make sure that you have read and understood this publication, as well as all safety requirements. 0.1 Rechargeable Lithium-Ion BatteriesThese receivers use a rechargeable Lithium-ion battery.CWARNING – Do not damage the rechargeable Lithium-ion battery. A damaged battery can cause an explosion or fire, and can result in personal injury and/or property damage. To prevent injury or damage: – Do not use or charge the battery if it appears to be damaged. Signs of damage include, but are not limited to, discoloration, warping, and leaking battery fluid.– Do not expose the battery to fire, high temperature, or direct sunlight. – Do not immerse the battery in water. – Do not use or store the battery inside a vehicle during hot weather. – Do not drop or puncture the battery. – Do not open the battery or short-circuit its contacts.

Safety Informationvi Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideCappears to be leaking. Battery fluid is corrosive, and contact with it can result in personal injury and/or property damage.To prevent injury or damage:– If the battery leaks, avoid contact with the battery fluid. – If battery fluid gets into your eyes, immediately rinse your eyes with clean water and seek medical attention. Do not rub your eyes! – If battery fluid gets onto your skin or clothing, immediately use clean water to wash off the battery fluid.CCharge and use the rechargeable Lithium-ion battery only in strict accordance with the instructions. Charging or using the battery in unauthorized equipment can cause an explosion or fire, and can result in personal injury and/or equipment damage. To prevent injury or damage: – Do not charge or use the battery if it appears to be damaged or leaking.– Charge the Lithium-ion battery only in a Trimble product that is specified to charge it. Be sure to follow all instructions that are provided with the battery charger. – Discontinue charging a battery that gives off extreme heat or a burning odor.– Use the battery only in Trimble equipment that is specified to use it. – Use the battery only for its intended use and according to the instructions in the product documentation.

Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide viiContentsSafety Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vRechargeable Lithium-Ion Batteries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .v1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Related Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1Warnings and Cautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2Technical Assistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3Your Comments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3Trimble R7 GPS Receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8Use and Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9COCOM Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 Setting up the Receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11Parts of the Receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12Front panel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12Rear panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Top panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Bottom panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16Setup Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18Environmental conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18Sources of electrical interference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18General guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19Postprocessed Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Contentsviii Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuidePole-Mounted Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22Backpack Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28Other System Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30Radios . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30Cellular modems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33Antennas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34CompactFlash cards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 364 General Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37Button Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38LED Behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39Logging/Memory LED. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40SV Tracking LED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40Radio LED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40Battery 1 LED and Battery 2 LED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41Starting and Stopping the Receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41Logging Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41Logging internally . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42Logging to a Trimble controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43Resetting to Defaults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43Formatting a CompactFlash Card. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44Batteries and Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44Battery charging and storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47Operating with the TSCe controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48Power output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49Firmware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 505 Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51Configuring the Receiver in Real Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52Configuring the Receiver Using Application Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53Application Files. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53Special application files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54Timed application files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

ContentsTrimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide ixApplying application files. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57Storing application files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58Naming application files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 586 Transferring Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59Connecting to the Office Computer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60Transferring Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62Transferring Files Directly from a CompactFlash Card . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63Deleting Files in the Receiver. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65Supported File Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 657 Software Utilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67The GPS Configurator Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68Installing the GPS Configurator software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68Configuring the Trimble R7 receiver using the GPS Configurator software. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68The WinFlash Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69Installing the WinFlash software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69Upgrading firmware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70Adding frequencies for the 450 MHz internal radio . . . . . . . . . . . . 71Configuring the internal 900 MHz radio setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 738 Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75Physical Specifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76Positioning Specifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77Technical Specifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 779 Default Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79Default Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80Resetting to Factory Defaults. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82Default behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82Power up settings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83Logging after power loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

Contentsx Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideDisabling logging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84Application files. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8410 Cables and Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87Port 1, 2, and 3 Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88Power/serial data cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90Event Marker/1PPS Cable. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90GPS Antennas and Cables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9211 Event Marker Input and 1PPS Output . . . . . . . . 95Event Marker Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96Enabling and configuring event marker input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 961PPS Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 971PPS pulse definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97ASCII time tag definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98Enabling and configuring 1PPS output in real time . . . . . . . . . . . . 99Trimble R8 GPS Receiver . . . . . . . . . . 10112 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104Use and Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105COCOM Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10613 Setting up the Receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107Parts of the Receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108Front panel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108Lower housing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 Setup Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111Environmental conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111Sources of electrical interference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111General guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112Pole-Mounted Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112Other System Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113Radios . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113

ContentsTrimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide xiCellular modems and external radios . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11514 General Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117Button Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118LED Behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119LED flash patterns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119Starting and Stopping the Receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120Logging Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120Logging internally . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120Logging to a Trimble controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121Resetting to Defaults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122Batteries and Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122Battery charging and storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123Power output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124Firmware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12515 Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127Configuring the Receiver in Real Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128Configuring the Receiver Using Application Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129Application Files. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129Special application files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130Applying application files. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132Storing application files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132Naming application files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13216 Software Utilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133The GPS Configurator Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134Installing the GPS Configurator software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134The WinFlash Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135Installing the WinFlash software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135Upgrading firmware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136Adding frequencies for the 450 MHz internal radio . . . . . . . . . . . 137Configuring the internal 900 MHz radio setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139Configuring the internal transceiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141

Contentsxii Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide17 Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145Physical Specifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146Positioning Specifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147Technical Specifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14718 Default Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151Default Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152Resetting to Factory Defaults. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153Default behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153Power up settings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15419 Cables and Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155Port 1 and 2 Connectors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156Power/Serial Data Cables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158Appendixes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161A NMEA-0183 Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163NMEA-0183 Outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164Common Message Elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165Message values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166NMEA Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167B RTCM Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181Generated Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182Message Scheduling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182C Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191

CHAPTER1Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 1Introduction 1Welcome to the Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide. This manual describes how to install, set up, and use a Trimble® R7 or Trimble R8 GPS receiver.Even if you have used other Global Positioning System (GPS) products before, Trimble recommends that you spend some time reading this manual to learn about the special features of this product. If you are not familiar with GPS, visit our website for an interactive look at Trimble and GPS at:•www.trimble.comTrimble assumes that you are familiar with the Microsoft® Windows® operating system and know how to use a mouse, select options from menus and dialogs, make selections from lists, and refer to online help.1.1 Related InformationAn electronic copy of this manual is available in portable document format (PDF) on the Trimble R7, Trimble R8, 5700, and 5800 GPS Receiver CD. Use Adobe Reader to view the contents of this file.

1 Introduction2 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideOther sources of related information are:•Release notes – the release notes describe new features of the product, information not included in the manual, and any changes to the manual. They are provided as a PDF on the CD. Use Adobe Reader to view the contents of the release notes. •Registration – register your receiver to automatically receive e-mail notifications of Trimble R7 receiver firmware upgrades and new functionality. To register, do one of the following:–Run the Trimble R7, Trimble R8, 5700, and 5800 GPS Receiver CD.– Register electronically through the internet.– Print the registration form that is on the CD, fill it in, and fax or mail it to the address shown.Contact your local Trimble Dealer for more information about the support agreement contracts for software and firmware, and an extended warranty program for hardware.•Trimble training courses – consider a training course to help you use your GPS system to its fullest potential. For more information, visit the Trimble website at www.trimble.com/training.html1.2 Warnings and CautionsAlways follow the instructions that accompany a warning or a caution.CWARNING – Alerts you to a situation that is likely to cause serious personal injury, irreparable damage to equipment, or unrecoverable data loss.CCAUTION – Alerts you to a hazard or an unsafe practice that could cause injury or property damage.

Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 3Introduction 11.3 Technical AssistanceIf you have a problem and cannot find the information you need in the product documentation, contact your local Dealer. Alternatively, request technical support using the Trimble website at:•www.trimble.com/support.html1.4 Your CommentsYour feedback about the supporting documentation helps us to improve it with each revision. E-mail your comments to ReaderFeedback@trimble.com.

1 Introduction4 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide

SECTIONITrimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 5ITRIMBLE R7 GPS RECEIVER

CHAPTER2Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 7Overview 2In this chapter:QFeaturesQUse and CareQCOCOM Limits

2 Overview8 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation This chapter introduces the Trimble R7 receiver GPS receiver. This receiver is designed for GPS surveying applications. The receiver features one-touch logging for ease of use, and five LEDs that enable you to monitor the survey in progress and the available battery capacity.The Trimble R7 receiver tracks GPS satellites on both the L1 and L2 frequencies to provide precise position data for land survey applications. The receiver records GPS data on an internal CompactFlash card and makes all data available through serial or USB ports.You can use the Trimble R7 receiver alone by logging data internally, or as part of the GPS Total Station® system, which logs GPS data from the receiver to a Trimble controller running the Trimble Survey Controller™ or Trimble Survey Pro™ software.2.1 FeaturesThe receiver provides the following features:•Trimble R-track technology, which enables the receiver to track the L2 Civil signal (L2C)•Centimeter-accuracy real-time positioning with RTK/OTF data, and up to 10 Hz position updates•Submeter-accuracy real-time positioning using pseudorange corrections•Adaptive dual-frequency RTK engine•WAAS/EGNOS capability (Wide Area Augmentation System/European Geo-Stationary Navigation System)•Automatic OTF (on-the-fly) initialization while moving•1PPS (One Pulse Per Second) output•Dual event-marker input•USB port for data transfer

Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 9Overview 2Trimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation •Type I CompactFlash card for data storage•Internal charging of batteries (no external battery charger required)•Three RS-232 serial ports for:– NMEA output–RTCM SC-104 input and output– Trimble Format (CMR™) input and output•Two TNC ports for connecting to the GPS and radio antennas2.2 Use and CareThe Trimble R7 receiver is designed to withstand the rough treatment that typically occurs in the field. However, the receiver is a high-precision electronic instrument and should be treated with reasonable care.CWARNING – Operating or storing the receiver outside the specified temperature range can damage it. For more information, see Physical specifications, page 76.High-power signals from a nearby radio or radar transmitter can overwhelm the receiver circuits. This does not harm the instrument, but it can prevent the receiver electronics from functioning correctly. Avoid using the receiver within 400 meters of powerful radar, television, or other transmitters. Low-power transmitters such as those used in cellphones and two-way radios normally do not interfere with receiver operations.For more information, contact your local Trimble distributor.

2 Overview10 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation 2.3 COCOM LimitsThe U.S. Department of Commerce requires that all exportable GPS products contain performance limitations so that they cannot be used in a manner that could threaten the security of the United States. The following limitations are implemented on the Trimble R7 receiver receiver.Immediate access to satellite measurements and navigation results is disabled when the receiver’s velocity is computed to be greater than 1000 knots, or its altitude is computed to be above 18,000 meters. The receiver continuously resets until the COCOM situation is cleared.

CHAPTER3Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 11Setting up the Receiver 3In this chapter:QParts of the ReceiverQSetup GuidelinesQPostprocessed SetupQPole-Mounted SetupQBackpack SetupQOther System Components

3 Setting up the Receiver12 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation This chapter provides general setup information, connection information, and cabling diagrams for the most common uses of the Trimble R7 receiver.3.1 Parts of the ReceiverAll operating controls, ports, and connectors on the receiver are located on its four main panels, as shown in Figure 3.1. This section provides a brief overview of the features of each of these panels.Figure 3.1 Panels on the Trimble R7 receiver 31.1 Front panelFigure 3.2 shows the front panel of the Trimble R7 receiver. This panel contains the five indicator LEDs, the two buttons, and the catch for the CompactFlash/USB door.BottompanelToppanelFrontpanelRearpanel

Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 13Setting up the Receiver 3Trimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation Figure 3.2 Front panelThe two buttons control data logging, data management, power, and settings. For more information, see Button Functions, page 38.The indicator LEDs show the status of logging, power, satellite tracking, and radio reception. For more information, see LED Behavior, page 39.31.2 Rear panelFigure 3.3 shows the rear panel of the Trimble R7 receiver. This panel contains a slot for attaching the receiver catch lock, and the catches for the two battery compartments on the bottom panel. The catch lock should already be attached to your receiver.USB door catch23tButtonsIndicator LEDsCompactFlash/

3 Setting up the Receiver14 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation Figure 3.3 Rear panelTo mount the receiver on a pole, attach the receiver bracket to the pole and then insert the catch lock into the bracket. For more information, see Pole-Mounted Setup, page 22.31.3 Top pan elFigure 3.4 shows the top panel of the Trimble R7 receiver. This panel contains the three power/serial data ports and (TNC) ports for GPS and radio antenna connections.compartment Receiver catch lockBattery catches

Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 15Setting up the Receiver 3Trimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation Figure 3.4 Top panelEach port on the top panel is marked with an icon to indicate its main function.Table 3.1 Trimble R7 receiver receiver portsIcon Name ConnectionsPort 1 Trimble controller, event marker, or computerPort 2 Power in, computer, 1PPS, or event markerPower/serial data portsTNC ports123GPS antenna Radio antenna

3 Setting up the Receiver16 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation The power/serial data ports are all 7 pin 0-shell Lemo connectors. Both Port 2 and Port 3 can accept external power. For more information, see Default Settings, page 80 and Cables and Connectors, page 87.The TNC port connectors are color-coded for easy system setup. Connect the yellow GPS antenna cable to the yellow TNC port marked GPS, and connect the blue Range Pole antenna (RPA) cable to the blue TNC connector marked RADIO. For more information on connecting the Trimble R7 receiver, see the following sections in this chapter.31.4 Bottom panelFigure 3.5 shows the bottom panel of the Trimble R7 receiver. This panel contains the USB port, the CompactFlash port, and the compartments for the two internal batteries.Port 3 External radio, power inGPS GPS antennaRADIO Radio communications antennaTable 3.1 Trimble R7 receiver receiver portsIcon Name Connections

Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 17Setting up the Receiver 3Trimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation Figure 3.5 Bottom panel The CompactFlash/USB door conceals the CompactFlash port and USB port. To open the door, push down the catch on the front panel.CWARNING – When there is no USB cable connected, or when using the receiver in a harsh environment, keep this door closed to keep moisture, dust, and dirt out of the ports. The temperature rating of the receiver applies only when all doors on the receiver are closed.CompactFlash portUSB portInternal batterycompartmentInternal batteryCompactFlash/ USB door

3 Setting up the Receiver18 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation 3.2 Setup Guidelines Consider the following guidelines when setting up the Trimble R7 receiver.32.1 Environmental conditions Although the Trimble R7 receiver has a waterproof housing, reasonable care should be taken to keep the unit dry. Avoid exposure to extreme environmental conditions, including:•Water•Heat greater than 65° C (149° F)•Cold less than –40° C (–40° F)•Corrosive fluids and gasesAvoiding these conditions improves the receiver performance and long-term reliability.32.2 Sources of electrical interference Avoid the following sources of electrical and magnetic noise:•Gasoline engines (spark plugs)•Televisions and computer monitors•Alternators and generators•Electric motors•Equipment with DC-to-AC converters•Fluorescent lights•Switching power supplies

Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 19Setting up the Receiver 3Trimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation 32.3 General guidelinesCWARNING – These receivers use a rechargeable Lithium-ion battery. To avoid personal injury or equipment damage, make sure that you read and understand the Safety Information chapter at the front of this manual.The following guidelines apply whenever you set up your receiver for operation:•When plugging in a Lemo cable, make sure that the red dots on the receiver port and the cable connector line up. Do not use force to plug cables in, as this may damage the connector pins.•When disconnecting a Lemo cable, grasp the cable by the sliding collar or lanyard and pull the cable connector straight out of the port. Do not twist the connector or pull on the cable itself.•To securely connect a TNC cable, align the cable connector with the receiver receptacle and thread the cable connector onto the receptacle until snug.•Insert the internal batteries with the battery contacts facing the CompactFlash/USB door. The undersides of the batteries have a center groove for alignment when being inserted into the receiver. 3.3 Postprocessed SetupFor a postprocessed survey, you only need:•the Trimble R7 receiver receiver•a Zephyr™ or Zephyr Geodetic™ antenna•a GPS antenna cableOther equipment, as described below, is optional.

3 Setting up the Receiver20 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation To set up the Trimble R7 receiver for a postprocessed survey:1. Set up the tripod with the tribrach and antenna adapter over the survey mark.Instead of a tripod, you can use a range pole with a bipod. However, Trimble recommends that you use a tripod for greater stability.2. Mount the antenna on the tribrach adapter.3. Use the tripod clip to hang the receiver on the tripod.4. Connect the yellow GPS antenna cable to the Zephyr antenna.5. Connect the other end of the GPS antenna cable to the yellow TNC port on the receiver.6. If external power is required, connect a battery with an 0-shell Lemo connection to Port 2 or Port 3 on the receiver.

Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 21Setting up the Receiver 3Trimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation Figure 3.6 shows the Trimble R7 receiver receiver postprocessed setup. Figure 3.6 Postprocessed setupNote – Instead of hanging the receiver on the tripod, you can place the receiver in its base case. Run the antenna cable out of the portal in the side of the base case to the antenna so that the case can stay closed while the receiver is running.

3 Setting up the Receiver22 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation 3.1 Pole-Mounted SetupTo mount the Trimble R7 receiver on a pole, you need to do the following:1. Mount the eRTK™ Range Pole antenna (RPA).2. Mount the receiver.3. Mount the Trimble controller.This section provides detailed instructions on each of these three steps.Mounting the Range Pole antenna (RPA)To mount the RPA on the pole:1. Install the RPA bracket 7.5 cm (3") from the pole top by placing the two pieces together and securing with screws. If you are using a 1" diameter pole, place the bracket inserts inside the bracket before securing.Note – You can use a quarter-wave whip (“rubber duck”) antenna attached directly to the receiver instead of the RPA.2. Connect the yellow TNC-to-TNC GPS cable and run it through the RPA bracket clips where it is labeled on the bracket. Make sure that the right-angle connector is at the top.The cable must be routed inside the RPA, through the bracket, or it will affect the RPA radio reception performance.3. Align the TNC connector on the RPA with the GPS antenna cable on the bracket, and while feeding the cable through the RPA, slide the RPA onto the bracket until it clicks.Figure 3.7, on page 23 shows the Trimble R7 receiver receiver pole-mounted setup.

Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 23Setting up the Receiver 3Trimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation Figure 3.7 RPA and bracket4. Mount the Zephyr antenna on the range pole.5. Connect the GPS antenna cable. Make sure that the GPS cable is not hanging over the top of the RPA.6. Connect the blue TNC-to-TNC radio cable to the RPA.RPAGPS antenna cablePoleRPAbracketTNC port (aligned over antenna cable)

3 Setting up the Receiver24 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation Mounting the Trimble R7 receiverTo mount the receiver on the pole:1. Attach the receiver bracket to the pole:a. Place the bracket against the pole, approximately 0.5 m from the ground.If you are using a 1" diameter pole, flip the black insert around inside the bracket, as shown in Figure 3.8.Figure 3.8 Receiver bracket insertb. Close the gates of the bracket around the pole.c. Seat the base of the clip lock in the opposite gate.d. Lock the clip lock.Bracket insert Bracket11/4" pole1" pole

Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 25Setting up the Receiver 3Trimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation If the clip lock is too tight to be locked, turn it one or two turns counterclockwise and try again. If it is too loose, turn it one or two turns clockwise and try to lock it again.2. Mount the receiver on the bracket:a. Pull the bracket side locks in towards the pole.b. Set the receiver catch lock in the bracket.c. Holding the receiver in the bracket, pull the side locks back to their original positions, as shown in Figure 3.9.Figure 3.9 Trimble R7 receiver receiver bracket3. Connect the blue TNC radio communications cable to the blue TNC port on the receiver. If necessary, adjust the position of the receiver to remove cable slack.4. Connect the yellow TNC GPS antenna cable to the yellow TNC port on the receiver. If necessary, adjust the position of the receiver to remove cable slack.Clip lockGatesSide locks

3 Setting up the Receiver26 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation Mounting the TSCe controller1. Mount the TSCe™ controller bracket on the pole:a. Place the bracket against the pole at a comfortable height.b. Rotate the clamping screw on the bracket pole until tight. c. Place the controller into the cradle assembly and tighten the clamping mechanism.d. Any cables running down the pole should be run through the machined groove on the inside of the controller bracket.e. Position the controller in the preferred position for operation by pressing the spring-loaded release button on the cradle, pulling the assembly outward, and rotating the cradle assembly to the desired angle. Reseat the cradle in the proper position by lining up the alignment pins and pushing inward until the release button locks.2. Connect one end of the 2 ft 0-shell to 0-shell Lemo cable to the controller.3. Connect the other end of the Lemo cable to Port 1 on the receiver.4. Place the hand grip below the controller bracket (or above it, depending on the position of the bracket), with the cables running through the grip.5. Secure any loose cables, using the velcro cable ties.Figure 3.10, on page 27 shows the pole-mounted setup.

Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 27Setting up the Receiver 3Trimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation Figure 3.10 Pole-mounted setupHand gripRPAZephyr antennaVelcro tieTSCe bracket

3 Setting up the Receiver28 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation 3.1 Backpack SetupBoth the whip and RPA antennae are suitable for use in a backpack. The RPA is installed in the same manner as for the pole-mounted setup (see Pole-Mounted Setup, page 22).BTip – The RPA is tuned for operation with the GPS antenna cable running through it. Operating it from a backpack may reduce its operating range. Trimble recommends that you use the whip antenna.To set up the Trimble R7 receiver for use in a backpack:1. Insert the receiver into the backpack with the ports on the top panel facing upwards and the front panel facing outwards. Secure the receiver around the middle with the velcro strap.2. Attach the Zephyr antenna to a range pole.3. Attach the whip antenna mount to one of the fittings on the top of the backpack.4. The backpack has a feedthrough on both sides at the top and on both sides near the bottom to allow cables to be positioned out of the way of the main zipper. Run the radio communications cable through at the top, and connect it to the blue TNC port on the receiver.5. Connect the straight end of the yellow GPS cable to the yellow TNC port on the receiver.6. Run the right-angle connector on the yellow GPS cable through the top or side slot on the backpack, and connect it to the Zephyr antenna.7. Connect one end of the 6 ft 0-shell to 0-shell cable to Port 1 on the receiver. 8. Run the 0-shell cable through the side slot of the backpack and connect it to the TSCe controller.

Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 29Setting up the Receiver 3Trimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation Figure 3.11 shows the backpack setup.Figure 3.11 Backpack setupWhip antennaZephyr antennaTSCe bracket

3 Setting up the Receiver30 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation 3.1 Other System ComponentsThis section describes optional components that you can use with the Trimble R7 receiver.31.1 RadiosRadios are the most common data link for Real-Time Kinematic (RTK) surveying. The Trimble R7 receiver is available with an optional internal radio in either the 450 or 900 MHz UHF bands. You can also connect an external radio to Port 3, whether or not the internal radio is installed.The Trimble R7 receiver supports the following Trimble base radios when using the internal receiver radio:•TRIMMARK™ 3•TRIMMARK IIe•TRIMTALK™ 450S•SiteNet™ 450•SiteNet 900 •Trimble R8 internal transmitter (base)Internal radio setupYou can configure the Trimble R7 receiver optional internal radio using any of the following:•the GPS Configurator software•the WinFlash software•the Trimble Survey Controller softwareFor more information, refer to the GPS Configurator Help, the WinFlash Help, or the Trimble Survey Controller User Guide.

Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 31Setting up the Receiver 3Trimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation By default, the internal UHF radio has only a few frequencies installed. Use the WinFlash software to configure additional frequencies. For more information, see Adding frequencies for the 450 MHz internal radio, page 71.External radio setupTo use an external radio with the Trimble R7 receiver, you need an external power source for the radio.To set up a Trimble R7 receiver using an external radio:1. Connect one end of the yellow GPS antenna cable to the yellow TNC port on the receiver.2. Connect the other end of the GPS antenna cable to a Zephyr or Zephyr Geodetic antenna.3. Connect the external radio to Port 3 on the receiver.4. Connect a radio antenna to the external radio.Figure 3.12 shows a TRIMMARK 3 radio connected to a Trimble R7 receiver.

3 Setting up the Receiver32 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation Figure 3.12 Connecting an external radio5. Connect an external power source to Port 2 on the receiver.External rover radios must have their own power source because the internal Lithium-ion batteries do not supply enough voltage. Alternatively, supply external power to port 2 of the receiver, and enable power out on port 3. Base radios must have their own power source because of their high power consumption. Alternatively, you can apply external power directly to the radio, if it supports it.You can use a 10 Ah battery, a 6 Ah battery, or camcorder batteries. The choice of power supply depends on the application, and whether you are using the radio as a reference To antenna To power supply

Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 33Setting up the Receiver 3Trimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation or rover radio. For more information about the power capabilities of the Trimble R7 receiver, see Batteries and Power, page 44.6. Configure the external radio using Trimble Survey Controller software. Alternatively, you can configure a TRIMMARK 3 radio using the WinFlash software or the configuration software supplied with the radio. For more information, refer to the Trimble Survey Controller User Guide or the appropriate Help.7. Set up any other equipment as required, depending on whether you are using the radio as a reference or a rover radio.30.1 Cellular modemsYou can use a cellular modem instead of a radio as your data communications link. Cellular modems and other radio links can be used to extend the limits of your surveys.To connect a cellular modem to a Trimble R7 receiver, you need the following:•A Trimble R7 receiver•A custom-designed cellular modem, or a cellphone that can transmit and receive data•Serial (cellphone to DB9) cable (supplied with the cellular modem or phone)•Trimble DB9 to 0-shell Lemo cable This cable is suitable only if flow control can be disabled on the cellular modem. If the cellular modem does not support this functionality, a special cable is required. For more information, refer to the document Using Cellular and CDPD Modems for RTK, which is available from your local Trimble Distributor.

3 Setting up the Receiver34 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation Figure 3.13 shows the components required to connect a cellphone to a Trimble R7 receiver.Figure 3.13 Connecting a cellphoneFor more information on using a cellular modem as a data link, refer to the Trimble Survey Controller User Guide.30.2 AntennasThe Trimble R7 receiver should normally be used with a Zephyr or Zephyr Geodetic antenna, which have been designed specifically for use with this receiver. Serial cableDB9 to Lemo cable

Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 35Setting up the Receiver 3Trimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation Use Figure 3.14 as a guide for measuring the height of the Zephyr and Zephyr Geodetic antennas. The Zephyr antenna is designed to be measured to the top of the notch. The Zephyr Geodetic (shown) has been designed to be measured to the bottom of the notch. Figure 3.14 Measuring antenna heightOlder models of antennas, such as the Choke Ring or Micro-Centered™ L1/L2 antennas, need more power to operate than the Zephyr models. To configure the receiver to output more power on the antenna port, select the correct antenna type in GPS Configurator, or through the Trimble controller. For information on how to do this, contact your local Trimble Service Provider.1.5201.5101.5151.505

3 Setting up the Receiver36 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation 30.3 CompactFlash cardsThe Trimble R7 receiver logs data internally on a CompactFlash card. However, it only support the Type I CompactFlash card. Trimble recommends that you use an industrial-rated CompactFlash card, as commercial cards have a limited operating temperature range.Before logging data to a CompactFlash card, format the card to ensure the integrity of the file system. To format the card, insert it in the receiver and then hold down the power button for 30 seconds. Note – Make sure that you format your CompactFlash card in the receiver. This prevents data on the card from being corrupted if the card is removed while data is being logged. Formatting the card in your computer may cause data corruption, or loss of data.When inserting the card, make sure that it slides into the card slot properly.CWARNING – – The Trimble R7 receiver allows for a maximum of 512 files on the CompactFlash card, regardless of the card’s capacity. The file names must be in 8.3 format, otherwise files copied to the CompactFlash card may cause data corruption or loss of data when logging.– If the card does not seat into the pins correctly, do not use force or you may damage the pins. Remove the card and carefully reinsert it.

CHAPTER4Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 37General Operation 4In this chapter:QButton FunctionsQLED BehaviorQStarting and Stopping the ReceiverQLogging DataQResetting to DefaultsQFormatting a CompactFlash CardQBatteries and Power

4 General Operation38 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation All the controls that you need for general operation of the Trimble R7 receiver are located on the front panel, as shown in Figure 4.1.Figure 4.1 Controls on the front panel of the Trimble R7 receiverFor more information about other panels of the Trimble R7 receiver, see Parts of the Receiver, page 12.4.1 Button FunctionsThe Trimble R7 receiver has only two buttons: in this manual, the Power button is represented by [P], and the Data button by [D].Press [P] to switch the receiver on or off, and to perform data management functions such as deleting files or resetting the receiver.Press [D] to start or stop logging. This button is only effective when the receiver is switched on and has completed any power-up and initialization tasks.23tLogging/Memory LEDData button [D] Power button [P]Battery LEDsSV TrackingRadio/EventLEDMarker LED

Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 39General Operation 4Trimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation Table 4.1 describes the main functions of the two buttons.Note – The term “press” means to press the button and release it immediately. The term “hold” means to press the button and hold it down for the given time. 4.2 LED BehaviorThe five LEDs on the top panel of the receiver indicate various operating conditions. Generally, a lit or slowly flashing LED indicates normal operation, an LED that is flashing quickly indicates a condition that may require attention, and an unlit LED indicates that no operation is occurring. The following table defines each possible LED state.Table 4.1 Button functionsAction Power button Data buttonTurn on the receiver PressTurn off the receiver Hold for 2 secondsStart logging data internally PressStop logging data internally Hold for 2 secondsDelete the ephemeris file Hold for 15 secondsReset the receiver to factory defaults Hold for 15 secondsDelete application files Hold for 30 secondsFormat the CompactFlash card Hold for 30 secondsThe term … means that the LED …Flash is lit briefly every 3 secondsSlow flash alternates slowly between being lit and unlitFast flash alternates rapidly between being lit and unlitOn is litOff is unlit

4 General Operation40 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation 42.1 Logging/Memory LEDThe yellow Logging/Memory LED below the G button indicates the status of data logging and memory usage.42.2 SV Tracking LEDThe red SV Tracking LED below the SV icon indicates the status of satellite tracking.42.3 Radio LEDThe green Radio LED below the Radio icon indicates the status of data input and output.Behavior MeaningOn Data is being logged.Slow flash Enough FastStatic data has been logged. Alternatively, if the red SV Tracking LED is on solid at the same time, the receiver is in Monitor mode, and is checking for new firmware to install.Fast flash Data is being logged but memory is low.Flash The receiver is in Sleep mode, and will wake up five minutes before the scheduled start time of a timed application file.Off Data is not being logged, or the CompactFlash card is full.Behavior MeaningSlow flash Tracking four or more satellites.Fast flash Tracking three or fewer satellites.Off Not tracking any satellites.On The receiver is in Monitor mode, and is checking for new firmware to install.Behavior MeaningSlow flash A data packet or event marker has been received.

Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 41General Operation 4Trimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation 42.4 Battery 1 LED and Battery 2 LEDThe Battery LEDs inside the two Battery icons indicate the status of the two internal batteries, or the power sources connected on Ports 2 and 3. By default, each battery LED indicates the status of the external power source on the corresponding port. If no external source is detected, each LED indicates the status of an internal battery. The color of the LED indicates whether the power source is currently in use (green) or is on standby (yellow). 4.3 Starting and Stopping the ReceiverTo turn on the receiver, press [P].To turn off the receiver, hold down [P] for two seconds.4.4 Logging DataYou can log data to the CompactFlash card in the receiver, or to the survey device.Color Meaning Behavior MeaningGreen Power source is in useOn HealthyFast flash Low powerOff No power source is presentYellow Power source is on standbyOn HealthyFast flash Low powerFlash DeadOff No power source is present

4 General Operation42 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation 44.1 Logging internallyThe Trimble R7 receiver logs GPS data internally on a CompactFlash card. You can then use the Trimble Data Transfer utility to transfer logged data files to your office computer. The transferred files are in Trimble DAT (.dat) format. CWARNING – The Trimble R7 receiver allows for a maximum of 512 files on the CompactFlash card, regardless of the card’s capacity. The file names must be in 8.3 format, otherwise files copied to the CompactFlash card may cause data corruption or loss of data when logging.Data is logged using the current logging settings configured in the receiver. Data files logged internally are named automatically. To begin internal logging, press [D]. The Logging/Memory LED lights up.To stop logging, hold down [D] for at least two seconds. The Logging/Memory LED turns off.Note – When the CompactFlash card is full, the receiver stops logging data, and the Logging/Memory LED switches off. Existing data files are not overwritten.Approximate storage requirements for different logging rates are shown in Table 4.2. The values shown are for a one-hour logging session with six satellites visible. Table 4.2 Storage requirementsLogging rate Memory required10 Hz 2,588 KB1Hz 335 KB5 seconds 87 KB15 seconds 37 KB

Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 43General Operation 4Trimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation Note – If power is lost, or the CompactFlash card is removed while logging, the file system is designed so that a maximum of ten seconds of data will be lost, regardless of the logging rate. To ensure that this behavior occurs, use GPS Configurator to perform a quick format of the CompactFlash card before logging data to the card for the first time.44.2 Logging to a Trimble controllerWhen the Trimble R7 receiver is connected to a Trimble controller, you can log GPS data from the receiver to the controller, or to a PC card inserted in the controller. When you use a Trimble controller, you do not use the receiver’s controls. Instead, you use the controller functions to set logging options, specify filenames, and to control when logging occurs.Data is stored in job files, which can be transferred to your office computer using Trimble’s Data Transfer utility.For more information on logging data from a receiver using a Trimble controller refer, to the user guide for your particular controller.4.5 Resetting to DefaultsCWARNING – Do not hold down [P] for more than 30 seconds. After 30 seconds, any application files stored in the receiver are deleted and the CompactFlash card is reformatted.To reset the receiver to its factory default settings, hold down [P] for at least 15 seconds.Resetting the receiver to its factory defaults also deletes any ephemeris file in the receiver.For more information, see Chapter 9, Default Settings.

4 General Operation44 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation 4.6 Formatting a CompactFlash CardCWARNING – Formatting a CompactFlash card while it is in the receiver deletes all the data files on the card and all the application files in the receiver.To format a CompactFlash card for use in a Trimble R7 receiver, insert the card in the CompactFlash port and then hold down [P] for at least 30 seconds. After 15 seconds, the receiver is reset to its factory defaults, and any ephemeris file is deleted. After 30 seconds, any files stored on the card are deleted and the CompactFlash card is reformatted.Note – When you use [P] to format the CompactFlash card, a quick format is performed. A quick format reformats the card for use with the Trimble R7 receiver receiver and deletes all data on the card. A full format checks the card for errors or bad sectors, and is only necessary if the card is corrupted. To perform a full format, use the GPS Configurator software. For more information, see The GPS Configurator Software, page 68.4.7 Batteries and PowerCWARNING – Do not damage the rechargeable Lithium-ion battery. A damaged battery can cause an explosion or fire, and can result in personal injury and/or property damage. To prevent injury or damage: – Do not use or charge the battery if it appears to be damaged. Signs of damage include, but are not limited to, discoloration, warping, and leaking battery fluid.– Do not expose the battery to fire, high temperature, or direct sunlight. – Do not immerse the battery in water. – Do not use or store the battery inside a vehicle during hot weather. – Do not drop or puncture the battery. – Do not open the battery or short-circuit its contacts.The Trimble R7 receiver can be powered either by its two internal batteries or by an external power source connected to Port 2 or Port 3. The charge provided by the internal batteries depends on the type of

Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 45General Operation 4Trimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation survey and operating conditions. Typically, one battery provides about 3.5 hours of power during an RTK survey using the internal radio, and about 5 hours during a survey without the internal radio.The external power source is always used in preference to the internal batteries. When there is no external power source connected, or if the external power supply fails, the internal batteries are used. The internal batteries are drained in turn, and the receiver automatically switches to the full battery when the first battery is drained.If no external power is supplied and both internal batteries are drained, none of the data that you have logged is lost. When internal or external power is restored, the receiver restarts in the same state as when power was lost. For example, if the receiver was logging data, the data file is not corrupted, and when power is restored the receiver resumes logging with the same settings as before.The power supply that comes with the Trimble R7 receiver charges the internal batteries while they are still in the receiver. To do this, connect the power supply to the power/serial data cable, connect the cable to Port 2 on the receiver and then connect the power supply to an AC power source, as shown in Figure 4.2 on page 46.

4 General Operation46 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation Figure 4.2 Charging the batteriesThe two internal batteries take approximately eight hours to charge. They are charged individually, so each battery takes approximately four hours to charge. The internal batteries start charging whenever an external power supply of greater than 15 V is detected.CWARNING – Avoid contact with the rechargeable Lithium-ion battery if it appears to be leaking. Battery fluid is corrosive, and contact with it can result in personal injury and/or property damage.To prevent injury or damage:– If the battery leaks, avoid contact with the battery fluid. – If battery fluid gets into your eyes, immediately rinse your eyes with clean water and seek medical attention. Do not rub your eyes! – If battery fluid gets onto your skin or clothing, immediately use clean water to wash off the battery fluid.23Power/serial data cableTo AC power supply

Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 47General Operation 4Trimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation Each receiver in your system is supplied with two internal Lithium-ion battery packs. To charge both sets of batteries, connect both receivers to power supplies as shown in Figure 3.2.47.1 Battery charging and storageAll battery types discharge over time when they are not being used. Batteries also discharge faster in colder temperatures. If a Lithium-ion battery is to be stored for long periods of time, make sure it is fully charged before storing and re-charged at least every three months.CWARNING – Charge and use the rechargeable Lithium-ion battery only in strict accordance with the instructions. Charging or using the battery in unauthorized equipment can cause an explosion or fire, and can result in personal injury and/or equipment damage. To prevent injury or damage: – Do not charge or use the battery if it appears to be damaged or leaking.– Charge the Lithium-ion battery only in a Trimble product that is specified to charge it. Be sure to follow all instructions that are provided with the battery charger. – Discontinue charging a battery that gives off extreme heat or a burning odor.– Use the battery only in Trimble equipment that is specified to use it. – Use the battery only for its intended use and according to the instructions in the product documentation.Charging the Lithium-ion batteryThe rechargeable Lithium-ion battery is supplied partially charged. Charge the battery completely before using it for the first time. If the battery has been stored for longer than six months, charge it before use.To protect the battery from deep discharge (5 volts or less), the Trimble R7 receiver is designed to switch batteries or cease drawing power when the battery pack discharges to 5.9 volts.

4 General Operation48 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation A battery that has reached the deep discharge level cannot be recharged and must be replaced. The following recommendations provide optimal performance and extend the life of your batteries:•Fully charge all new batteries before use.•Do not allow the batteries to discharge below 5 volts.•Keep all batteries on continuous charge when not in use. Batteries may be kept on charge indefinitely without damage to the receiver or batteries.•Do not store batteries in the receiver or external charger unless power is applied. •If you must store the batteries, fully charge them before storing and then recharge them at least every three months.Disposing of the rechargeable Lithium-ion batteryDischarge the Lithium-ion battery before disposing of it. When disposing of the battery, be sure to do so in an environmentally sensitive manner. Adhere to any local and national regulations concerning battery disposal or recycling.47.2 Operating with the TSCe controllerIf the receiver is being powered by its internal batteries, it does not supply power to the TSCe controller when they are connected. However, the TSCe controller batteries and the Trimble R7 receiver batteries can be charged at the same time from the same power supply. To charge both sets of batteries, use two standard power/serial data cables to connect the TSCe controller and the receiver to a power supply, as shown in Figure 4.3.

Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 49General Operation 4Trimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation Figure 4.3 Charging receiver and TSCe batteries47.3 Power outputIf the receiver is being supplied with power from an external source, power is automatically output on Port 1. The output voltage is approximately 0.5 V less than the input voltage. Port 1 outputs a maximum voltage of 20 V, even if the input voltage is higher.You can use GPS Configurator or Trimble Survey Controller software to enable power output on Port 3. Port 3 can be enabled for power output regardless of whether power is supplied internally or externally.23To AC Power/serial data cablespower supply

4 General Operation50 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation On Port 3, the output voltage is approximately 0.5 V less than the input voltage. For example, if power is being supplied from the internal Lithium-ion batteries, the maximum battery voltage is 8.4 V, so the maximum output voltage is 7.9 V.Note – When you start a survey using the Trimble Survey Controller software, and you are using an external radio, the software automatically enables power output on Port 3.47.4 FirmwareA receiver’s firmware is the program inside the receiver that makes the receiver run and controls the hardware. When you need to upgrade the firmware for your Trimble R7 receiver, Trimble recommends that you use the WinFlash software. For more information, see The WinFlash Software, page 69.CWARNING – Upgrading the firmware deletes all application files on the Trimble R7 receiver.An alternative method of upgrading your firmware is to copy the .elf file directly to the CompactFlash card from your computer:1. Connect the CompactFlash card to your desktop computer.2. Using Windows Explorer, copy the .elf file from your computer to the CompactFlash card.3. Disconnect the CompactFlash card from your computer and insert it into the receiver.4. Turn the receiver off.5. Hold down [D] and press [P].The receiver starts up in Monitor mode, automatically detects the newer version of the firmware, and installs it. In Monitor mode, the red SV Tracking LED is lit solidly and the yellow Logging/Memory LED flashes slowly.The upgrade takes about two minutes. Once the upgrade procedure is complete, the receiver restarts automatically.

CHAPTER5Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 51Configuration 5In this chapter:QConfiguring the Receiver in Real TimeQConfiguring the Receiver Using Application FilesQApplication Files

5 Configuration52 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation The Trimble R7 receiver has no controls for changing settings. To configure the receiver, use external software, such as GPS Configurator or Trimble Survey Controller.To configure the Trimble R7 receiver, do one of the following:•Configure the receiver in real time•Apply the settings in an application fileThis chapter provides a brief overview of each of these methods, and describes the contents and use of application files.5.1 Configuring the Receiver in Real TimeThe GPS Configurator and Trimble Survey Controller software support real-time configuration of the Trimble R7 receiver.When you configure the receiver in real time, you use one of these software applications to specify which settings you want to change. When you apply the changes, the receiver settings change immediately.Any changes that you apply to the receiver are reflected in the Current application file, which is always present in the receiver. The Current application file always records the most recent configuration, so if you apply further changes (either in real time or using an application file) the Current file is updated and there is no record of the changes that you applied originally.For more information on configuring the receiver in real time, see Chapter 7, Software Utilities.

Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 53Configuration 5Trimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation 5.2 Configuring the Receiver Using Application FilesAn application file contains information for configuring a receiver. To configure a receiver using an application file, you need to create the application file, transfer it to the receiver, and then apply the file settings. The GPS Configurator software does this for you automatically when you work with configuration files.For more information on applying application files, see Chapter 7, Software Utilities.5.3 Application FilesAn application file is organized into records. Each record stores configuration information for a particular area of receiver operation. Application files can include the following records:•File Storage•General Controls•Serial Port Baud/Format•Reference Position•Logging Rate•SV Enable/Disable•Output Message•Antenna•Device Control•Static/Kinematic•Input Message•Timed Activation

5 Configuration54 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation An application file does not have to contain all of these records. When you apply an application file, any option that is not included in the records in the file remains at its current setting. For example, if you apply an application file that only specifies the elevation mask to use, all other settings remain as they were before the application file was applied.You can store up to twenty different application files in battery-backed memory on the receiver. You can apply an application file’s settings at the time it is transferred to the receiver, or at any time afterwards.53.1 Special application filesThe Trimble R7 receiver has three special application files, which control important aspects of the receiver’s configuration.Default application fileThe default application file (Default.cfg) contains the original receiver configuration, and cannot be changed. This file configures the receiver after it is reset. To reset the receiver, hold down [P] for at least 15 seconds, or use the reset option in the GPS Configurator software.For more information, see Default Settings, page 80.Although you cannot change or delete the default application file, you can use a power up application file to override any or all of the default settings.Current application fileThe current application file (Current.cfg) reflects the current receiver configuration. Whenever you change the receiver’s configuration, either in real time or by applying an application file, the current file changes to match the new configuration.You cannot delete the current file or change it directly, but every change to the receiver’s current configuration is applied to the current file as well.

Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 55Configuration 5Trimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation When you turn off the receiver then turn it on again, all the settings from the current application file are applied, so you do not lose any changes that you have made. The only exceptions are the following logging parameters:•Logging rate•Position rate•Elevation maskThese parameters are always reset to the factory default values whenever the receiver is switched off.Power Up application filethe power up application file (power_up.cfg) is optional. if a power up file is present, its settings are applied whenever the receiver is turned on.In this file, you can specify that the receiver is reset to defaults before the power up settings are applied. This ensures that restarting the receiver always results in the same configuration. This method is useful for defining “default” settings for the receiver that differ from those in the default file, which cannot be changed.Alternatively, you can specify that the power up settings are applied immediately after the current application file’s settings have been applied. Restarting the receiver results in a configuration that uses your default settings for the options you define in the power up file, but the current settings for all other options.By default, there is no power_up application file on the receiver. To use a power up application file, you must create and save a power_up application file in the GPS Configurator software. If you save this file to disk, the file is called power_up.cfg. the extension .cfg is used by convention to identify application files on the office computer. when you transfer this file to the receiver, the file is saved on the receiver as power_up, and becomes the new power up file.

5 Configuration56 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation The power up file is the only special application file that you can overwrite or delete from the receiver.53.2 Timed application filesA timed application file contains a Timed Activation record which specifies when this file is to be applied. The main use of a timed application file is to automatically start or stop logging at a predefined time.The Timed Activation record specifies:•the UTC date and time when the application file is to be applied for the first time•the interval at which the file is to be reappliedIf you do not specify a repeat interval, the settings are applied only once, at the specified time. If the file specifies a repeat interval, the file’s settings are reapplied at the specified interval until the file is deactivated.Note – If the receiver is logging continuously, the current logging takes precedence over any timed application file stored in the receiver.Defining timed application filesTo send timed application files to a Trimble R7 receiver, set up scheduled survey sessions in the GPS Configurator software. You can define multiple sessions, each specifying:•basic logging parameters (data logging rate, position logging rate, and elevation mask)•a starting time•a duration

Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 57Configuration 5Trimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation When you apply the current settings in the GPS Configurator software, each defined survey session is sent to the Trimble R7 receiver as a pair of timed application files: the first includes the logging settings and start time, and the second contains settings that stop logging at the end time (which is calculated automatically from the duration you specify).For more information on scheduled survey sessions, refer to the GPS Configurator Help.The receiver can store up to 20 application files, so you can define a maximum of 10 scheduled survey sessions (10 pairs of start/stop timed application files).Sleep modeWhenever you press [P] to turn off the Trimble R7 receiver, the receiver checks for a timed application file that is due to be activated in the future. If one exists, the receiver goes into Sleep mode instead of turning off.In Sleep mode, the yellow Logging/Memory LED flashes every three seconds. The receiver wakes up five minutes before the scheduled activation time, so that it is ready to begin logging at the scheduled time.53.3 Applying application filesAn application file’s settings do not affect the receiver’s configuration until you apply the application file. You can do this at the same time that you save the file. Alternatively, save the file on the computer or in the receiver, then open it later and apply its settings.Note – If the application file is a timed file, its settings do not take effect as soon as you apply the file, but at the time that the file specifies for its activation.

5 Configuration58 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation 53.4 Storing application filesYou can store application files that you create in the GPS Configurator software on the receiver and on the computer. For example, each file can represent a different user sharing the same receiver, or a particular mode of operation or survey style. Saving application files on your computer as well as in your receiver is optional, but it is useful because:•it gives you a permanent copy of the settings you have sent to a receiver, for audit or your own reference.• you can use the same file to configure multiple receivers identically.•you can use an existing application file as a template for creating other application files with similar settings.53.5 Naming application filesThe application filename in the office computer and in the receiver is always the same. This makes it easier to recognize and keep track of your application files. When you change the name of the application file in the receiver, this changes the application filename on your computer. When you transfer an application file from the receiver and save it to the computer, the system renames the file to match the internal receiver file. However, if you use Windows Explorer, for example, to change the .cfg filename on the computer, this does not change the internal receiver filename. This means that the GPS receiver does not recognize the change to the filename on the computer.

CHAPTER6Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 59Transferring Data 6In this chapter:QConnecting to the Office ComputerQTransferring DataQTransferring Files Directly from a CompactFlash CardQDeleting Files in the ReceiverQSupported File Types

6 Transferring Data60 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation The Trimble R7 receiver keeps satellite measurements and other data in files stored on a CompactFlash card. These files cannot be processed until you transfer them to your office computer.Note – The receiver supports a maximum of 512 files on the CompactFlash cards.On returning to the office after completing a survey, transfer the field data to a computer that has the Trimble Geomatics Office™ software installed. You can then process the survey data in the Trimble Geomatics Office software to produce baselines and coordinates.6.1 Connecting to the Office ComputerThe Trimble R7 receiver has three serial (COM) ports and one USB port for connection to the office computer. A USB connection is up to ten times faster than normal serial communications.Use the standard power/serial data cable to connect the receiver to the computer, as shown in Figure 6.1.

Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 61Transferring Data 6Trimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation Figure 6.1 Connecting the Trimble R7 receiver to a computer for serial data transfer Use the USB cable to connect the receiver to the computer, as shown in Figure 6.2.Power/serial dataPort 2Serial (COM) port cable

6 Transferring Data62 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation Figure 6.2 Connecting the Trimble R7 receiver to a computer for USB data transfer Note – When the receiver is connected to a USB port on a computer, it is treated as a peripheral device of the computer. If the receiver is unplugged or turned off, a warning message appears on the computer.6.2 Transferring DataTransfer the data files to the computer using the Trimble Data Transfer utility. You can run this utility as a standalone program or from within the Trimble Geomatics Office software. For more information, refer to the Data Transfer Help.USB cableUSB portUSB port

Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 63Transferring Data 6Trimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation Note – When you connect to a receiver in the Data Transfer utility, you must use a GPS Receiver (R/5000 Series) device definition. If you use a GPS Receiver (4000 Series) device definition, the Data Transfer utility will be unable to establish communication with the receiver.When transfer is complete, the Data Transfer utility automatically converts the file to the DAT format. If you are using Data Transfer from within the Trimble Geomatics Office software, the Check-in dialog appears. For more information, refer to the Trimble Geomatics Office User Guide.Note – A file in DAT format is approximately six times the size of the corresponding file in the Trimble R7 receiver internal format. Before transferring files, make sure that there is enough space on your computer.6.3 Transferring Files Directly from a CompactFlash CardIn a Trimble R7 receiver, all data is stored on an internal CompactFlash card. There are two ways to transfer files between the receiver and the office computer:• Connect the receiver to the office computer and use the Data Transfer utility to transfer files.• Remove the CompactFlash card from the receiver and connect it directly to your office computer, where it functions like a normal disk drive. Use Windows Explorer to transfer files.When you use the Data Transfer utility to transfer data files from the CompactFlash card while it is still inserted in the receiver, the Data Transfer utility converts the raw receiver data (.T01) files you select into the Trimble DAT file format.However, if you connect the CompactFlash card to your computer and then copy or move files to your computer, it treats the card like any other disk drive, and transfers the files without converting them. You need to convert these raw receiver files to DAT format files before you can use them on your office computer.

6 Transferring Data64 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation You can convert receiver data files by using a Windows Explorer extension which is installed on your computer when you install the Data Transfer utility. Note – Although this extension is only available if you have the Data Transfer utility installed, you do not have to run the Data Transfer utility to use it.To convert a .T01 file on your office computer into the DAT format:1. On your office computer, open Windows Explorer and navigate to the location of the .T01 file. 2. Right-click the file, and from the menu that appears select Convert to DAT format: The DAT File Conversion dialog appears while the file is converted. When the dialog disappears, the file conversion is complete.A new file with the same filename but a .dat extension appears in the same folder as the .T01 file.

Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 65Transferring Data 6Trimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation 6.1 Deleting Files in the ReceiverYou can delete files stored in the receiver at any time. Do one of the following:• Use the Data Transfer utility in the Trimble Geomatics Office software.• Use the TSCe controller.• Turn on the receiver and then hold down [P] for 30 seconds. When you use this method, all data is deleted, and the CompactFlash card is reformatted.• Use the GPS Configurator software.6.2 Supported File TypesTable 6.1 shows the file types that you can transfer to or from a Trimble R7 receiver, and the software or utility that you must use to transfer each file type.Note – The Trimble R7 receiver supports a maximum of 512 files on the CompactFlash card. Files stored on the compact flash must be 8.3 format. The Trimble R7 receiver does not support extended file names.Table 6.1 Supported file typesFile Type Extensions Transfer from Trimble R7 receiver?Transfer to Trimble R7 receiver?SoftwareEphemeris .eph Yes No Data TransferRaw observations .T01, .dat Yes No Data TransferReceiver firmware files .elf No Yes WinFlashApplication files .cfg Yes Yes GPS Configurator

6 Transferring Data66 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation

CHAPTER7Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 67Software Utilities 7In this chapter:QThe GPS Configurator SoftwareQThe WinFlash Software

7 Software Utilities68 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation This chapter provides information on the software utilities that you can use with the Trimble R7 receiver.7.1 The GPS Configurator SoftwareGPS Configurator is office software that configures selected Trimble GPS receivers.This software enables you to:•edit and save configuration files to the receiver and the computer•check current receiver settings and operation•change receiver settings in real time71.1 Installing the GPS Configurator softwareA copy of the GPS Configurator software is included on the Trimble R7, Trimble R8, 5700, and 5800 GPS Receivers CD.1. Insert the disk into the CD drive on your office computer.2. From the main menu, select Install individual software packages.3. Select Install GPS Configurator vX.XX.4. Follow the on-screen instructions.70.1 Configuring the Trimble R7 receiver using the GPS Configurator software1. Connect Port 1 or 2 on the receiver to a serial (COM) port on the computer and then apply power.2. To start the GPS Configurator software, click and then select Programs /Trimble /GPS Configurator /GPS Configurator.3. In the Device Type dialog, select Trimble R7.

Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 69Software Utilities 7Trimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation The software automatically establishes a connection with the receiver.4. Make appropriate selections for your required receiver settings.For more information, refer to the GPS Configurator Help.5. Click Apply.The settings in the GPS Configurator software are applied to the receiver.7.1 The WinFlash Softwarethe WinFlash software communicates with Trimble products to perform various functions including:•installing software, firmware, and option upgrades•running diagnostics (for example, retrieving configuration information)•configuring radiosFor more information, online help is also available when using the WinFlash software.Note – The WinFlash software runs on Microsoft® Windows® 95, 98, 2000, Me, XP, or Windows NT® operating systems.71.1 Installing the WinFlash softwareInstall the WinFlash software from the Trimble R7, Trimble R8, 5700, and 5800 GPS Receivers CD: 1. Insert the disk into the CD drive on your computer.2. From the main menu, select Install individual software packages.3. Select Install WinFlash vX.XX with Trimble R7 drivers and firmware and then follow the on-screen instructions.Alternatively, install the WinFlash software from the Trimble website.

7 Software Utilities70 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation 70.1 Upgrading firmwareYour Trimble R7 receiver is supplied with the latest version of receiver firmware installed. If a later version becomes available, upgrade the firmware installed on your receiver.The WinFlash software guides you through the firmware upgrade process, as described below. For more information, refer to the WinFlash Help.To upgrade the Trimble R7 receiver firmware:1. Start the WinFlash software. The Device Configuration screen appears.2. From the Device type list, select Trimble R7 Receiver.3. From the PC serial port field, select the serial (COM) port on the computer that the receiver is connected to.4. Click Next.The Operation Selection screen appears. The Operations list shows all of the supported operations for the selected device. A description of the selected operation is shown in the Description field.5. Select GPS software upgrade and then click Next.The GPS Software Selection dialog appears. This screen prompts you to select the software that you want to install on the Trimble R7 receiver.6. Select the latest version from the Available Software list and then click Next.The Settings Review dialog appears. This screen prompts you to connect the receiver, suggests a connection method, and then lists the receiver configuration and selected operation.

Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 71Software Utilities 7Trimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation 7. If all is correct, click Finish.Based on the selections shown above, the Software Upgrade window appears and shows the status of the operation (for example, Establishing communication with the Trimble R7. Please wait.).8. Click OK.The Software Upgrade window appears again and states that the operation was completed successfully.9. Click Menu to select another operation, or click Exit to quit WinFlash.10. If you click Exit, another screen appears asking you to confirm that you want to quit. Click OK.70.1 Adding frequencies for the 450 MHz internal radioIf your receiver has the optional internal radio installed, you can use the WinFlash software to add receiving frequencies to the default list. 1. Start the WinFlash software. The Device Configuration dialog appears.2. From the Device type list, select Trimble R7 Receiver.3. From the PC serial port field, select the serial (COM) port on the computer that the receiver is connected to.4. Click Next.The Operation Selection screen appears. The Operations list shows all of the supported operations for the selected device. A description of the selected operation is shown in the Description field.5. Select Configure Radio and then click Next.

7 Software Utilities72 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation The Frequency Selection dialog appears:6. In the Wireless Format group, select the appropriate channel and wireless mode. The Wireless Mode must be the same for all radios in your network.7. In the Specify Frequency field, enter the frequency you require.8. Click Add. The new frequency appears in the Selected Frequencies list.Note – The frequencies that you program must conform to the channel spacing and minimum tuning requirements for the radio. To view this information, click Radio Info. You may select either 12.5 or 25 kHz channel spacing. All radios in your network must use the same channel spacing.9. When you have configured all the frequencies you require, click OK. The WinFlash software updates the receiver radio frequencies and then restarts the receiver.

Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 73Software Utilities 7Trimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation 70.1 Configuring the internal 900 MHz radio setupUse one of the following:•Trimble Survey Controller software running on a Trimble controller•The WinFlash software (provided on the Trimble R7, Trimble R8, 5700, and 5800 GPS Receivers CD)The internal radio has 40 selectable networks. You must choose the same network that is configured in the base radio you want to receive from.Configuring the radio network using the Trimble Survey Controller software1. Connect the data/power cable to the controller and the receiver and then turn on the controller. The receiver starts automatically.2. From the main menu on the controller, select Configuration.3. In the dialog that appears, select Survey styles and then select RTK from the Type field.4. Select Rover radio and then select Trimble Internal from the Type field select.5. Tap the ! softkey.6. Once connected, in the Network number field enter the number of the network set on your base radio.Note – The Base Radio Mode field is not used here.7. Tap the E softkey to complete configuration.

7 Software Utilities74 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation Configuring the radio network using the WinFlash software1. Connect the data/power cable to Port 1 on the receiver.2. Connect the female DE-9 connector on the other end of the data/power cable to a serial (COM) port on the computer.3. Start the WinFlash software. The Device Configuration dialog appears.4. From the Device type list, select Trimble R7 Receiver.5. From the PC serial port field, select the serial port on the computer that the receiver is connected to and click Next.6. From the Operation selection dialog, select Configure radio and click Next.7. Confirm that your current settings are correct and click Finish. The Configure 900MHz radio dialog appears.8. In the Network number field, select the same network that is set on your base radio.9. In the Country setting field, select one of the following (according to how your base radio was shipped):– Your country (if available). This sets the radio to the a specific frequency range being transmitted by the base radio.– A single frequency. This limits the frequencies used to those authorized in your particular country.10. Click OK.The WinFlash software updates the radio settings and then restarts the receiver.

CHAPTER8Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 75Specifications 8In this chapter:QPhysical SpecificationsQPositioning SpecificationsQTechnical Specifications

8 Specifications76 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation This chapter lists the specifications of the Trimble R7 receiver.8.1 Physical SpecificationsTable 8.1 lists physical specifications for the Trimble R7. The temperature rating of the receiver applies only when all doors on the receiver are closed. Table 8.1 Physical specificationsFeature SpecificationSize 13.5 cm W x 8.5 cm H x 24 cm L(5.3 in. W x 3.4 in. H x 9.5 in. L)Weight (with 2 batteries inserted)1.4 kg (3.0 lb)Battery life(at 20 °C)RTK with internal radio: 3.5 hours No internal radio: 5 hours Power input 11–28 V DCOperating temperature –40 °C to +65 °C (–40 °F to +149 °F)aaThe USB port only operates when the temperature is above 0 °C (32 °F). The internal batteries only charge when the temperature is in the range 0 °C to 40 °C (32 °F to 104 °F)Storage temperature –40 °C to +80 °C (–40 °F to +176 °F)Humidity 100% condensing, unit fully sealedCasing Dust-proof, shock- and vibration-resistant

Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 77Specifications 8Trimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation 8.2 Positioning SpecificationsTable 8.2 lists positioning specifications for the Trimble R7.8.3 Technical SpecificationsTable 8.3 lists technical specifications for the Trimble R7. Table 8.2 Positioning specificationsPositioning Mode Horizontal Accuracy (RMS)Vertical Accuracy (RMS)RTK (OTF) Synchronized 1 cm + 1 ppm(× baseline length)2cm + 1ppm(× baseline length)Low Latency 2 cm + 2 ppm (× baseline length)aaDepends on radio link latency.3cm + 2ppm (× baseline length)aL1 C/A Code PhaseSynchronized/Low Latency.25 m + 1 ppm RMS .50 m + 1 ppm RMSStatic/FastStaticN/A 5 mm + 0.5 ppm(× baseline length)5 mm + 1 ppm(× baseline length)WAAS N/A Less than 5 mbb3D RMS values depend on WAAS system performance.Less than 5 mbTable 8.3 Technical specificationsFeature SpecificationTracking 24 Channels L1 C/A Code, L2C, L1/L2 Full Cycle Carrier, WAAS/EGNOS supportFully operational during P-code encryptionWAAS satellite trackingSignal processing Maxwell V architectureVery low-noise C/A code processingMultipath suppressionStart-up Cold start: < 60 seconds from power onWarm start: < 30 seconds with recent ephemeris

8 Specifications78 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation Initialization Automatic while moving or staticMinimum initialization time10 sec + 0.5 × baseline length (km)Communications Three RS-232 serial ports (Port 1, Port 2, and Port 3)Baud rates up to 115,200 bpsRTS/CTS flow control negotiation supported on Port 3 onlyOne USB port (download only)Configuration Via user-definable application files or GPS ConfiguratorOutput formats NMEA-0183: AVR; GGA; GSA; GST; GSV; PTNL,GGK; PTNL,GGK_SYNC; HDT; PTNL,PJK; PTNL,PJT; ROT PTNL,VGK; VHD; VTG; ZDAGSOF (Trimble Binary Streamed Output)1PPSRT17Table 8.3 Technical specifications (continued)Feature Specification

CHAPTER9Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 79Default Settings 9In this chapter:QDefault SettingsQResetting to Factory DefaultsQExamples

9 Default Settings80 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation All Trimble R7 receiver settings are stored in application files. The default application file, default.cfg, is stored permanently in the receiver, and contains the factory default settings for the Trimble R7 receiver. Whenever the receiver is reset to its factory defaults, the current settings (stored in the current application file, current.cfg) are reset to the values in the default application file.You cannot modify the default application file. however, if there is a power up application file (power_up.cfg) in the receiver, the settings in this file can be applied immediately after the default application file, overriding the factory defaults.For more information, see Application Files, page 53.9.1 Default SettingsTable 9.1 shows the default settings for the Trimble R7 receiver, as defined in the default application file.Table 9.1 Default settingsFunction Factory DefaultSV Enable All SVs enabledGeneral Controls: Elevation mask 13°PDOP mask 7RTK positioning mode Low LatencyMotion KinematicPower Output 3 Disabled1PPS time tags OffASCII time tags OffSerial Port 1: Baud rate 38400Format 8-None-1Flow control None

Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 81Default Settings 9Trimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation Serial Port 2: Baud rate 38400Format 8-None-1Serial Port 3: Baud rate 38400Format 8-None-1Flow control NoneInput Setup: Station AnyNMEA/ASCII (all messages) All Ports OffStreamed output All Types OffOffset = 00RT17/Binary All Ports OffCMR output [Static] CMR: cref ID 0000RTCM output RTCM: Type 1 ID 0000Reference position: Latitude 0°Longitude 0°Altitude 0.00 m HAEAntenna: Type Unknown externalHeight (true vertical) 0.00 mGroup AllMeasurement method Bottom of antenna mount Logging rate 15 secPosition rate 5 minMeasurement rate 10 HzTable 9.1 Default settings (continued)Function Factory Default

9 Default Settings82 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation 9.2 Resetting to Factory DefaultsTo reset the receiver to its factory defaults, do one of the following:•On the receiver, press and hold down [P] for 15 seconds.•In the GPS Configurator software, select Connect to Receiver and then click Reset receiver in the General tab.9.3 ExamplesThe following examples show how the Trimble R7 receiver uses the default settings and special application files in various situations.93.1 Default behaviorThe factory defaults are applied whenever you start the receiver. If a Power Up file is present in the receiver, its settings are applied immediately after the default settings, so you can use a Power Up file to define your own set of defaults.When you turn the receiver on and …then logging settings are …and logging …it is the first time that the receiver has been usedthe factory defaults does not begin automaticallyyou have reset the receiver to its factory defaultsthe factory defaults, or those in the Power Up fileaaA factory default setting is only used if the setting is not defined in the Power Up file.does not begin automaticallyyou have performed a full reset the factory defaults, because resetting deletes any Power Up filedoes not begin automatically

Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 83Default Settings 9Trimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation 93.2 Power up settingsWhen you turn the receiver off, any changes that you have made to logging settings are lost and these settings are returned to the factory defaults. Other settings remain as defined in the Current file. The next time you turn on the receiver, the receiver checks for a power up file and, if one is present, applies the settings in this file.93.3 Logging after power lossIf the Trimble R7 receiver loses power unexpectedly, when power is restored the receiver tries to return to the state it was in immediately before the power loss. The receiver does not reset itself to defaults or apply any Power Up settings. If the receiver was logging when power was lost unexpectedly, it resumes logging when power is restored.When you use [P] to turn the receiver off then on again and …then logging settings are …and all other settings are …you changed the receiver settings by applying an application filethe factory defaults the last settings usedyou changed the receiver settings using configuration softwarethe factory defaults the last settings usedthere is a Power Up application file in the receiverthe factory defaults, or those in the Power Up fileaaA factory default setting is used only if the setting is not defined in the Power Up file.the last settings used, or those in the Power Up filea

9 Default Settings84 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation However, when you turn off the receiver using [P], the receiver behaves as if you pressed [D] to stop logging before you pressed [P]. In this case, when power is restored normally, logging does not begin until you start it manually.93.4 Disabling loggingTo disable logging, you can set the receiver’s data logging and position logging rates to Off. However, if you press [D] while logging is disabled, the receiver will still log data, using the default logging settings.93.5 Application filesYou can use application files to change the settings in the receiver. Sending an application file to the receiver does not necessarily apply the file’s settings; you can apply a file’s settings at any time after sending it to the receiver. You can also define timed application files. A timed application file contains receiver settings, but also includes a date and time when it is automatically activated.If there is a timed application file on the Trimble R7 receiver, the receiver automatically applies the file’s settings and begins logging (if logging settings are included in the file) at the specified time. If the When the receiver is logging data and then loses power …then when power is restored, data logging …and logging settings are …and all other settings are …unexpectedly resumes automaticallythe last settings usedthe last settings usedwhen you press [P] does not resume the factory defaultsthe last settings usedWhen you have disabled logging … then if you press [D] to start logging, logging settings are …using the Trimble Survey Controller or GPS Configurator softwarethe factory defaultsin the Power Up application file the factory defaults

Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 85Default Settings 9Trimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation receiver is in Sleep mode, it wakes up five minutes before the start time of the timed application file, and then begins logging, if required, at the specified start time.When you send an application file to the receiver and …then the receiver settings are changed …you apply the file’s settings immediately as soon as you send the file to the receiveryou apply the file later as soon as you apply the fileit is a timed application file at the specified activation time

9 Default Settings86 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation

CHAPTER10Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 87Cables and Connectors 10In this chapter:QPort 1, 2, and 3 ConnectorsQPower/serial data cableQEvent Marker/1PPS CableQGPS Antennas and Cables

10 Cables and Connectors88 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation This chapter provides pinout information for the Trimble R7 receiver standard and optional cables. This information can be used to build special cables for connecting the receiver to devices and instruments not supported by the standard and optional cables.10.1Port 1, 2, and 3 ConnectorsFigure 10.1 shows the location of the receiver serial ports. Figure 10.1 Trimble R7 receiver serial portsFigure 10.2 gives pinout requirements for the connector labeledPort 1. The pin locations for the Port 2 and Port 3 connectors are identical.Port 1 Port 2 Port 3

Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 89Cables and Connectors 10Trimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation Figure 10.2 Pinout connectorsTable 10.1 describes the pinout functionality.Table 10.1 Trimble R7 receiver port pinouts Pin Pinout functionPort 1 (TSCe controller, event, or computer)Port 2 (Power in, computer, PPS, or event)Port 3 (External radio or power in)1 Signal GND Signal GND Signal GND2 GND GND GND3 TX data out (TXD1) TX data out (TXD2) TX data out (TXD3)4 RTS1 1PPS RTS35 CTS1/Event 2 Event 1 CTS36 Power Out (+) Power In (+) Power In/Out (+)7 Serial data in (RXD1) Serial data in (RXD2) Serial data in (RXD3)7136425

10 Cables and Connectors90 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation 10.2Power/serial data cableTable 10.2 gives pinout information for the power/serial data cable (PN 32345), which is supplied with the Trimble R7 receiver.Note – Table 10.2 assumes that the cable is attached to the connector labeled Port 1 or Port 3.10.3Event Marker/1PPS CableThe event marker/1PPS cable shown in Figure 10.3 provides a breakout box with two BNC ( female) connectors for providing 1PPS input and event marker output. Connect a device that accepts 1PPS output pulses to the BNC connector labeled 1PPS on the breakout box. Connect a device that outputs event marker pulses to the Trimble R7 receiver, such as a photogrammetric camera, to the BNC connector labeled Event Marker on the breakout box.Table 10.2 Power/serial data cable pinoutsLemo 0-shell connector7 PinDirection DE9-F connector7 ConductorsPower lead2 ConductorsPin Function Pin Color Function Color Function1 Signal ground ↔5 Brown Signal ground2 GND →Black V-OUT3TXD →2OrangeTXD4RTS/TXD →8Blue RTS5CTS/RXD ←7 Green CTS6 PWR ← Red Power IN (+)7RXD ←3 Yellow TXD

Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 91Cables and Connectors 10Trimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation Figure 10.3 Event marker/1PPS cableIn addition, the breakout box includes a Lemo 7-pin connector to extend serial communications and/or power on Port 2. Because the BNC connectors are used to service the event marker and 1PPS features, pins 4 (1PPS) and 5 (Event Marker) are inactive on the Lemo connector.For Port 2 pinouts, see Port 1, 2, and 3 Connectors, page 88. For more information on 1PPS input and event marker output, see Chapter 11, Event Marker Input and 1PPS Output.P4P3 P1P2 (Event marker)(1PPS out)(To Port 2)(Port 2 extension)

10 Cables and Connectors92 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation Table 10.3 gives pinout information for the event marker/1PPS cable which is supplied with the Trimble R7 receiver. The event marker/1PPS cable is only used with the Trimble R7 receiver connectors labeled Port 1 ( for event marker output) and Port 2.10.4GPS Antennas and CablesThe antenna that a receiver uses to collect satellite signals is sometimes called a GPS antenna to distinguish it from a radio antenna. Radio antennas are used for communication between receivers and external networks or systems.Note – Older models of antennas, such as Choke Ring or Micro-Centered L1/L2, have different power requirements. The Trimble R7 receiver can adjust the antenna power output when you designate the appropriate antenna in the GPS Configurator software. For more information, see Antennas, page 34.Table 10.3 Event marker/1PPS cable pinoutsP1: Lemo 7-Pin Port 2 Trimble R7 receiverDirection P2: BNC-F connector (1PPS)P3: BNC-F connector (Event marker)P4: Lemo 7s Port 2 extensionPin Trimble R7 receiver functionPin Pin Pin Function1 Signal ground ←1 Signal ground2 GND →GND GND 2 GND3 Serial data out (TXD2)←3 Serial data in (TXD2)41PPS ←Center pin 4 No Connect5Event Marker ↔Center pin 5 No Connect6Power IN (+) →6Power IN (+)7 Serial data in (RXD2)←7 Serial data out (RXD2)

Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 93Cables and Connectors 10Trimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation Connect the receiver to its GPS antenna using the yellow TNC connector. Use a coaxial cable with a right-angle TNC plug at the antenna end.If the antenna cable length is … use …up to 15 meters (45 feet) RG-58 cableup to 30 meters (100 feet) RG-214 cableover 30 meters (100 feet) one of the following:• in-line amplifier• semi-rigid coaxial cable• a low-loss cable assembly

10 Cables and Connectors94 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation

CHAPTER11Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 95Event Marker Input and 1PPS Output 11In this chapter:QEvent Marker InputQ1PPS Output

11 Event Marker Input and 1PPS Output96 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation The Trimble R7 receiver can accept event marker input on Port 1 and Port 2, and can generate 1PPS output on Port 2.11.1Event Marker InputEvent marker input is used to log a precise GPS time tag whenever an externally generated pulse, such as one generated at the time of the shutter closing from a photogrammetric camera, is received. The event is triggered when the source pulse voltage transitions between 1.0 V DC and 2.0 V DC in less than 100 nsec. Trimble recommends that you use TTL level inputs. You can configure the receiver to recognize either a positive (rising) or negative ( falling) voltage as the leading edge of a pulse. The accuracy of the associated time tag recorded for an event is determined by the GPS accuracy (typically less than 1 µsec.).The Trimble R7 receiver records each event in the current data file. This record includes the port on which the event was received.111.1 Enabling and configuring event marker inputTo enable or configure the event marker input function, you need the GPS Configurator software.In real timeYou can use the GPS Configurator software to configure a Trimble GPS receiver connected to your office computer. For more information, see The GPS Configurator Software, page 68, or refer to the GPS Configurator Help.To enable event marker input:1. Connect the computer to the Trimble R7 receiver.2. Press [P] to turn on the receiver.

Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 97Event Marker Input and 1PPS Output 11Trimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation 3. To start the GPS Configurator software, click , then select Programs /Trimble /GPS Configurator /GPS Configurator.The GPS Configurator dialog appears and the software automatically connects to the Trimble R7 receiver.4. In the General tab, select the Event marker check box.5. Select the appropriate option, Positive slope or Negative slope, depending on the type of pulse the external device uses.6. Click Apply.The GPS Configurator software sends the new configuration information to the receiver, and the receiver starts to accept event marker input.7. Click OK to exit the GPS Configurator software. The software disconnects from the receiver.11.11PPS OutputThe Trimble R7 receiver can output a one pulse per second (1PPS) time strobe with an associated ASCII time tag output. The pulse is output through Port 2 of the receiver using the event marker/1PPS cable. 111.1 1PPS pulse definitionThe leading edge of the pulse coincides with the beginning of each UTC second, as shown in Figure 11.1 on page 98. The pulse is driven by an RS-422 driver between nominal levels of 0 V and 4 V. The leading edge is positive, rising from 0 V to 4 V.

11 Event Marker Input and 1PPS Output98 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation Figure 11.1 Time tag relation to 1PPS wave formThe pulse is approximately 8 µsec wide, with rise and fall times of about 100 nsec. Resolution is approximately 40 nsec, but several external factors limit accuracy to approximately ±1 µsec:• Position errors, especially with user-entered reference. Each meter of error can result in 3 nsec of error in the 1PPS pulse.• Antenna cable length. Each meter of cable adds a delay of about 2 nsec to satellite signals, and a corresponding delay in the 1PPS pulse.111.2 ASCII time tag definitionEach time tag is output about 0.5 second before the corresponding pulse, as shown in Figure 11.1. Time tags are in ASCII format on a user-selected serial port. The format of a time tag is:UTC yy.mm.dd hh:mm:ss abWhere:•UTC is fixed text.•yy.mm.dd is the year, month, and date.0V4VSecondsTime tag output here Time tag applies here

Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 99Event Marker Input and 1PPS Output 11Trimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation •hh:mm:ss is the hour (on a 24-hour clock), minute, and second. The time is in UTC, not GPS time.•a is the position-fix type:1 = 2D Position Fix for E,N only2 = 3D Position Fix3 = Single SV Clock-only fix4 = Automatic Mode5 = Reference Station Position6 = Two-Dimensional with Fixed Clock7 = Overdetermined solution for Clock-only•b is the number of satellites being tracked: 1 to 9, “:” ( for 10), “;” (for 11), or “<” (for 12).• Each time tag is terminated by a carriage return, line feed sequence.A typical printout looks like this:UTC 93.12.21 20:21:16 56UTC 93.12.21 20:21:17 56UTC 93.12.21 20:21:18 56If a and b are ??, the time is based on the receiver clock because the receiver is not tracking satellites. The receiver clock is less accurate than time readings extracted from satellite signals.111.3 Enabling and configuring 1PPS output in real timeTo enable or configure the 1PPS output function, you need the GPS Configurator software.You can use the GPS Configurator software to configure a Trimble GPS receiver connected to your office computer. For more information, see The GPS Configurator Software, page 68, or refer to the GPS Configurator Help.1. Connect the computer to the Trimble R7 receiver.2. Turn on the receiver.

11 Event Marker Input and 1PPS Output100 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R7 GPS Receiver Operation 3. To start the GPS Configurator software, click , then select Programs /Trimble /GPS Configurator /GPS Configurator.The GPS Configurator dialog appears and the software automatically connects to the receiver.4. Select the Serial outputs tab.5. Select the 1PPS (port 2 only) check box.6. If you want ASCII time tags enabled, select the check box and choose an output port.7. Click Apply.The GPS Configurator software sends the new configuration information to the receiver, and the receiver starts to generate 1PPS output on Port 2.8. Click OK to exit the GPS Configurator software.The software disconnects from the receiver.

SECTIONIITrimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 101ITRIMBLE R8 GPS RECEIVER

102 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide

CHAPTER12Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 103Overview 12In this chapter:QFeaturesQUse and CareQCOCOM Limits

12 Overview104 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R8 GPS Receiver Operation This chapter introduces the Trimble R8 GPS receiver. This receiver is designed for GPS surveying applications. The receiver incorporates a GPS antenna, receiver, internal radio with a transmit option or an internal GSM module, and battery in a rugged light-weight unit that is ideally suited as an all-on-the-pole RTK rover. Three LEDs allow you to monitor the satellite tracking, radio reception, data logging status, and power. Bluetooth® wireless technology provides cable-free communications between receiver and controller. The Trimble R8 receiver provides 24 total channels of L1/L2 satellite tracking, and supports logging of raw GPS observables to the handheld controller for post-processed applications. The receiver is available as a standalone rover, base station, or as part of the GPS Total Station® system, offering maximum versatility in the system configuration to meet your specific requirements.12.1Features The receiver provides the following features:•Trimble R-track technology, which allows the receiver to track the L2 Civil signal (L2C)•Centimeter-accuracy, real-time positioning with RTK/OTF data, up to 10 Hz position updates•Submeter-accuracy, real-time positioning using pseudorange corrections•Adaptive dual-frequency RTK engine•WAAS/EGNOS capability•Automatic OTF (on-the-fly) initialization while moving•Single Lithium-ion rechargeable battery•Cable-free Bluetooth communications with the Trimble Attachable Control Unit (ACU), or TSCe™ controller with BlueCap® module

Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 105Overview 12Trimble R8 GPS Receiver Operation •Two RS-232 serial ports for:– NMEA output–RTCM SC-104 input and output– Trimble Format (CMR & CMR Plus) input and output•One TNC radio antenna connector•6 MB internal memory for data storage•Internal 450 MHz radio with a transmit option or GSM module12.2Use and CareThe Trimble R8 receiver is designed to withstand the rough treatment that typically occurs in the field. However, the receiver is a high-precision electronic instrument and should be treated with reasonable care.CWARNING – Operating or storing the Trimble R8 receiver outside the specified temperature range can damage it. For more information, see Chapter 17, Specifications.High-power signals from a nearby radio or radar transmitter can overwhelm the receiver circuits. This does not harm the instrument, but it can prevent the receiver electronics from functioning correctly. Avoid using the receiver within 400 meters of powerful radar, television, or other transmitters. Low-power transmitters such as those used in cellphones and two-way radios normally do not interfere with receiver operations.For more information, contact your local Trimble distributor.

12 Overview106 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R8 GPS Receiver Operation 12.3COCOM LimitsThe U.S. Department of Commerce requires that all exportable GPS products contain performance limitations so that they cannot be used in a manner that could threaten the security of the United States. The following limitations are implemented on the Trimble R8 receiver.Immediate access to satellite measurements and navigation results is disabled when the receiver’s velocity is computed to be greater than 1000 knots, or its altitude is computed to be above 18,000 meters. The receiver continuously resets until the COCOM situation is cleared.

CHAPTER13Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 107Setting up the Receiver 13In this chapter:QParts of the ReceiverQSetup GuidelinesQPole-Mounted SetupQOther System Components

13 Setting up the Receiver108 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R8 GPS Receiver Operation This chapter provides general information on setup, connection, and cabling for the Trimble R8 receiver.13.1Parts of the ReceiverAll operating controls on the Trimble R8 receiver are located on the front panel. Serial ports and connectors are located on the bottom of the unit.131.1 Front panelFigure 13.1 shows a front view of the Trimble R8 receiver. The front panel contains the three indicator LEDs, and the power button.Figure 13.1 Trimble R8 receiver front panelThe power button controls the receiver’s power on or off functions.The indicator LEDs show the status of power, satellite tracking, and radio reception. For more information, see LED Behavior, page 119.

Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 109Setting up the Receiver 13Trimble R8 GPS Receiver Operation 131.2 Lower housingFigure 13.2 shows the lower housing of the Trimble R8 receiver. The lower housing contains the two serial ports, one TNC radio antenna or GSM antenna connector (depending on the internal communication module ordered), the removable battery compartment and the 5/8-11 threaded insert.Figure 13.2 Trimble R8 receiver lower housing Port 1Port 2Radio antennaconnection

13 Setting up the Receiver110 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R8 GPS Receiver Operation Each port or connector on the Trimble R8 receiver is marked with an icon to indicate its main function, as shown in Table 13.1.Port 1 is a 7-pin 0-shell Lemo connector that supports RS-232 comms and external power input. Port 1 has no power outputs.Port 2 is a DB-9 male connector that allows for full 9-pin RS-232 comms. Port 2 does not support power in or out. For more information, see Chapter 18, Default Settings and Chapter 19, Cables and Connectors.The TNC connector is for connecting a radio antenna to the Trimble R8 internal radio. A whip “rubber duck” antenna is supplied with the system for units with internal UHF or 900 MHz radios. This connector is not used if you are using an external UHF radio or GSM.External UHF or GSM antennaDepending on which module you have purchased, use this TNC connection for an external antenna to enhance the UHF or GSM.The UHF antenna is approximately 16.5 cm (6.5 inches) long, and round. The GSM antenna is approximately 16.5 cm (6.5 inches), and flatter than the UHF antenna. Make sure that you use the correct antenna or the signal will be degraded.For more information on connecting the Trimble R8 receiver, see the following sections in this chapter.Table 13.1 Trimble R8 receiver portsIcon Name ConnectionsPort 1 Device, computer, external radio, power inPort 2 Device, computer, external radioRADIO Radio communications antenna

Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 111Setting up the Receiver 13Trimble R8 GPS Receiver Operation 13.2 Setup Guidelines Consider the following guidelines when setting up the Trimble R8 receiver.CCAUTION – You must maintain a minimum separation distance of 20 cm (approximately 8 in.) between yourself and the radiating GSM antenna for this device to satisfy the RF Exposure requirements of the FCC. For mobile operation, the maximum gain of the GSM antenna must not exceed 0 dBi.132.1 Environmental conditions Although the Trimble R8 receiver has a waterproof housing, reasonable care should be taken to protect the unit. Avoid exposure to extreme environmental conditions, including:•Water•Heat greater than 65 °C (149 °F)•Cold less than –40 °C (–40 °F)•Corrosive fluids and gases132.2 Sources of electrical interference Avoid the following sources of electrical and magnetic noise:•Gasoline engines (spark plugs)•Televisions and PC monitors•Alternators and generators•Electric motors•Equipment with DC-to-AC converters•Fluorescent lights•Switching power supplies

13 Setting up the Receiver112 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R8 GPS Receiver Operation 132.3 General guidelinesWARNING – These receivers use a rechargeable Lithium-ion battery. To avoid personal injury or equipment damage, make sure that you read and understand the Safety Information chapter at the front of this manual.The following guidelines apply whenever you set up your receiver for operation:•When plugging in a Lemo cable, make sure that the red dots on the receiver port and the cable connector line up. Do not use force to plug cables in, as this may damage the connector pins.•When disconnecting a Lemo cable, grasp the cable by the sliding collar or lanyard and pull the cable connector straight out of the port. Do not twist the connector or pull on the cable itself.•To securely connect a TNC cable, align the cable connector with the receiver receptacle, then thread the cable connector onto the receptacle until it is snug. •To insert the internal battery place the battery in the battery compartment, ensuring that the contact points are in the correct position to align with the contacts in the receiver. Slide the battery and compartment as a unit upward into the receiver until the battery compartment latches are locked into position.13.3Pole-Mounted SetupFigure 13.3 on page 113 shows the pole-mounted setup for the Trimble R8 receiver. To mount the receiver on a range pole:1. Thread the unit onto the range pole.2. Attach the controller bracket to the pole.3. Insert the controller into the bracket.Note – When using the Trimble ACU, or TSCe controller with BlueCap module, no cabling is required, as shown in Figure 13.3.

Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 113Setting up the Receiver 13Trimble R8 GPS Receiver Operation Figure 13.3 Trimble R8 receiver pole-mounted setup13.1Other System ComponentsThis section describes optional components that you can use with the Trimble R8 receiver.131.1 RadiosRadios are the most common data link for Real-Time Kinematic (RTK) surveying. The Trimble R8 is available with an optional internal radio in the 450 or 900 MHz UHF band, or with an internal GSM module. You can also connect an external radio to either port, whether or not the internal radio is installed.The Trimble R8 receiver supports the following Trimble base radios with the internal 450 MHz or 900 MHz UHF radios:•TRIMMARK™ 3FFTrimble R8 GPS ReceiverACU controller

13 Setting up the Receiver114 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R8 GPS Receiver Operation •TRIMMARK IIe•TRIMTALK™ 450S•SiteNet™ 450•SiteNet 900•Trimble R8 internal 450 transmitter Internal GSM setupYou can configure the receiver optional internal GSM Module using the Trimble Survey Controller™ software. For more information, refer to the Trimble Survey Controller User Guide.Internal radio setupTo configure the receiver optional internal radio, use one of the following:• The GPS Configurator software •The WinFlash software •The Trimble Survey Controller softwareFor more information, refer to the GPS Configurator Help, the WinFlash Help, or the Trimble Survey Controller User Guide.By default, the internal radio has only a few “test” frequencies installed at the factory. If you purchased the transmit option, the broadcast frequencies must be programmed at the factory. You can program the receive frequncies using the WinFlash software. For more information, see The WinFlash Software, page 135.

Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 115Setting up the Receiver 13Trimble R8 GPS Receiver Operation 131.2 Cellular modems and external radiosFor a data communications link, you can use an internal or external radio, or an internal or external cellular modem. To connect an external cellular modem to a Trimble R8 receiver, you need the following:•A Trimble R8 receiver.•A cellular modem, or a cellphone that can transmit and receive data.•Serial (cellphone to DB9) cable (supplied with the cellular modem or phone).Note – For more information, refer to the document Using Cellular and CDPD Modems for RTK, which is available from the Trimble website.•Port 2 of the receiver supports full RS-232 protocol, and should function properly with most cellular phone cables. Some cellular units may require custom cabling.Alternatively, the receiver also supports a cable-free Bluetooth connection with Bluetooth enabled cell phones. For more information on using an external cellular modem as a data link, refer to the Trimble Survey Controller User Guide.To connect an external radio modem to a Trimble R8 receiver, you need the following:•A Trimble R8 receiver.•An external radio capable of receiving and decoding Trimble data packets.•Serial cable for either Port 1 or Port 2 of the Trimble R8, as supplied by the radio manufacturer.•Radio mount for the range pole.

13 Setting up the Receiver116 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R8 GPS Receiver Operation

CHAPTER14Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 117General Operation 14In this chapter:QButton FunctionsQLED BehaviorQStarting and Stopping the ReceiverQLogging DataQResetting to DefaultsQBatteries and Power

14 General Operation118 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R8 GPS Receiver Operation Figure 14.1 shows the Trimble R8 receiver front panel controls for the power on/off functions, or receiver reset. The LEDs provide power, radio, data logging, and SV tracking status information.Figure 14.1 Controls and LEDs on front panel of the Trimble R8 receiver14.1Button FunctionsThe Trimble R8 receiver has only one button, the Power button, represented in this manual by [P]. Use [P] to turn on or turn off the receiver, and to perform other functions, as described in Table 14.1.Note – The term “press” means to press the button and release it immediately. The term “hold” means to press the button and hold it down for the given time.Table 14.1 Power button functionsAction Power buttonTurn on the receiver PressTurn off the receiver Hold for 2 secondsDelete the ephemeris file Hold for 15 secondsReset the receiver to factory defaults Hold for 15 secondsDelete application files Hold for 30 secondsFPower buttonSV TrackingRadioPower/Data statusLEDs

Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 119General Operation 14Trimble R8 GPS Receiver Operation 14.2LED BehaviorThe three LEDs on the front panel of the receiver indicate various operating conditions. Generally, a lit or slowly flashing LED indicates normal operation, a LED that is flashing quickly indicates a condition that may require attention, and an unlit LED indicates that no operation is occurring. The following table defines each possible LED state.142.1 LED flash patternsThe following table details the possible flash patterns to indicate various states of receiver operation. The term … means that the LED …Slow flash alternates on/off for 500 milliseconds.Fast flash alternates rapidly on/off for 100 millisecondsOn is lit steadyOff is unlitReceiver mode Power LEDGreenRadio LEDGreenSatellite LEDAmberReceiver OFF OFF OFF OFFReceiver ON:Healthy power ON N/A N/ALow power Fast flash N/A N/ATracking <4 SVs ON N/A Fast flashTracking >4 SVs ON N/A Slow flashLogging data internallyFlashes off every 3 secondsN/A N/ATransmitting internallyN/A Flashes off when transmittingN/AReceiving valid data packetsON Slow flash N/A

14 General Operation120 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R8 GPS Receiver Operation Note – If a column shows “N/A”, that specific LED may or may not be on, but it is not relevant to that particular mode.14.3Starting and Stopping the ReceiverTo turn on the receiver, press [P].To turn off the receiver, hold down [P] for two seconds.14.4Logging DataYou can log data internally or to a Trimble controller.144.1 Logging internallyThe Trimble R8 receiver logs GPS data internally on 6 MB of internal memory.You can then use the Trimble Data Transfer utility to transfer logged data files to the office computer. The transferred files are in Trimble DAT (.dat) format. CWARNING – The Trimble R8 receiver allows for a maximum of 200 files on the internal memory. The filenames must be in 8.3 format, otherwise files copied to the internal memory may cause data corruption or loss of data when logging.Data is logged using the current logging settings configured in the receiver. Data files logged internally are named automatically. No data packets ON OFF N/AReceiver in Monitor ON Slow flash ONReceiver mode Power LEDGreenRadio LEDGreenSatellite LEDAmber

Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 121General Operation 14Trimble R8 GPS Receiver Operation To begin internal logging, you must use a Trimble controller, or the GPS Configurator software. The Trimble R8 receiver does not have an internal clock, so you can only conduct timed survey sessions if the receiver has a continuous power supply.When the internal memory is full, the receiver stops logging data, and the Logging/Memory LED switches off. Existing data files are not overwritten. You can use the Auto-delete option to override this action and automatically delete the oldest files when the receiver memory is full. However, you should use this option with caution because it can lead to data loss.Table 14.2 shows approximate storage requirements for different logging rates. The values shown are for a one-hour logging session with six satellites visible. 144.2 Logging to a Trimble controllerWhen the Trimble R8 receiver is connected to a Trimble controller, you can log GPS data from the receiver to the controller, or to a PC card inserted in the controller. When you use a Trimble controller, you do not use the receiver’s controls. Instead, you use the controller functions to set logging options, specify filenames, and control when logging occurs.Data is stored in job files, which can be transferred to your office computer using Trimble’s Data Transfer utility.For more information on logging data from a receiver using a Trimble controller refer to the user guide for your particular controller.Table 14.2 Storage requirementsLogging rate Memory required10 Hz 2,588 KB1Hz 335 KB5 seconds 87 KB15 seconds 37 KB

14 General Operation122 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R8 GPS Receiver Operation 14.5Resetting to DefaultsTo reset the receiver to its factory default settings, hold down [P] for at least 15 seconds.For more information, see Default Settings, page 152.14.6Batteries and PowerCWARNING – Do not damage the rechargeable Lithium-ion battery. A damaged battery can cause an explosion or fire, and can result in personal injury and/or property damage. To prevent injury or damage: – Do not use or charge the battery if it appears to be damaged. Signs of damage include, but are not limited to, discoloration, warping, and leaking battery fluid.– Do not expose the battery to fire, high temperature, or direct sunlight. – Do not immerse the battery in water. – Do not use or store the battery inside a vehicle during hot weather. – Do not drop or puncture the battery. – Do not open the battery or short-circuit its contacts.The Trimble R8 receiver can be powered by its internal battery or by an external power source connected to Port 1. Typically, one internal 2.0 ampere-hour battery provides approximately 5.5 hours of operation during an RTK survey using the internal radio in rover mode and approximately 3.5 hours of operation as an RTK base (this varies according to temperature and wireless data rate).If an external power source is connected to Port 1 it is used in preference to the internal battery. When there is no external power source connected, or if the external power supply fails, the internal battery is used. WARNING – Avoid contact with the rechargeable Lithium-ion battery if it appears to be leaking. Battery fluid is corrosive, and contact with it can result in personal injury and/or property damage.To prevent injury or damage:– If the battery leaks, avoid contact with the battery fluid.

Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 123General Operation 14Trimble R8 GPS Receiver Operation – If battery fluid gets into your eyes, immediately rinse your eyes with clean water and seek medical attention. Do not rub your eyes! – If battery fluid gets onto your skin or clothing, immediately use clean water to wash off the battery fluid.The receiver is supplied with two rechargeable Lithium-ion batteries, and a dual battery charger. The two batteries charge sequentially and take approximately four hours each to fully charge.146.1 Battery charging and storageAll battery types discharge over time when they are not being used. Batteries also discharge faster in colder temperatures. If a Lithium-ion battery is to be stored for long periods of time, make sure it is fully charged before storing and re-charged at least every three months.CWARNING – Charge and use the rechargeable Lithium-ion battery only in strict accordance with the instructions. Charging or using the battery in unauthorized equipment can cause an explosion or fire, and can result in personal injury and/or equipment damage. To prevent injury or damage: – Do not charge or use the battery if it appears to be damaged or leaking.– Charge the Lithium-ion battery only in a Trimble product that is specified to charge it. Be sure to follow all instructions that are provided with the battery charger. – Discontinue charging a battery that gives off extreme heat or a burning odor.– Use the battery only in Trimble equipment that is specified to use it. – Use the battery only for its intended use and according to the instructions in the product documentation.Charging the Lithium-ion batteryThe rechargeable Lithium-ion battery is supplied partially charged. Charge the battery completely before using it for the first time. If the battery has been stored for longer than six months, charge it before use.

14 General Operation124 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R8 GPS Receiver Operation To protect the battery from deep discharge (5 volts or less), the Trimble R8 receiver is designed to switch batteries or cease drawing power when the battery pack discharges to 5.9 volts. A battery that has reached the deep discharge level cannot be recharged and must be replaced. The following recommendations provide optimal performance and extend the life of your batteries:•Fully charge all new batteries prior to use.•Do not allow the batteries to discharge below 5 volts.•Keep all batteries on continuous charge when not in use. Batteries may be kept on charge indefinitely without damage to the receiver or batteries.•Do not store batteries in the receiver or external charger unless power is applied. •If you must store the batteries, fully charge them before storing and then recharge them at least every three months.Disposing of the rechargeable Lithium-ion batteryDischarge the Lithium-ion battery before disposing of it. When disposing of the battery, be sure to do so in an environmentally sensitive manner. Adhere to any local and national regulations concerning battery disposal or recycling.146.2 Power outputThe Trimble R8 receiver does not supply power from either of its two ports.

Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 125General Operation 14Trimble R8 GPS Receiver Operation 146.3 FirmwareA receiver’s firmware is the program inside the receiver that controls receiver operations and hardware. You can upgrade the firmware for the Trimble R8 receiver using the WinFlash software provided on the Trimble R7, Trimble R8, 5700, and 5800 GPS Receivers CD.For more information, see The WinFlash Software, page 135.CWARNING – Upgrading the firmware deletes all application files on the receiver.

14 General Operation126 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R8 GPS Receiver Operation

CHAPTER15Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 127Configuration 15In this chapter:QConfiguring the Receiver in Real TimeQConfiguring the Receiver Using Application FilesQApplication Files

15 Configuration128 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R8 GPS Receiver Operation The Trimble R8 receiver has no controls for changing settings. To configure the receiver, use external software such as GPS Configurator, WinFlash, or Trimble Survey Controller.There are two ways to configure the receiver. You can:•configure the receiver in real time•apply the settings in an application fileThis chapter provides a brief overview of each of these methods and describes the contents and use of application files.15.1Configuring the Receiver in Real TimeGPS Configurator and Trimble Survey Controller software support real-time configuration of the Trimble R8 receiver.When you configure the receiver in real time, you use one of these software applications to specify which settings you want to change. When you apply the changes, the receiver settings change immediately.Any changes that you apply to the receiver are reflected in the current application file, which is always present in the receiver. The current application file always records the most recent configuration, so if you apply further changes (either in real time or using an application file) the current file is updated and there is no record of the changes that you applied originally.For more information on configuring the receiver in real time, see Chapter 16, Software Utilities.

Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 129Configuration 15Trimble R8 GPS Receiver Operation 15.2Configuring the Receiver Using Application FilesAn application file contains information for configuring a receiver. To configure a receiver using an application file, you need to create the application file, transfer it to the receiver, and then apply the file’s settings. The GPS Configurator software does this for you automatically when you work with configuration files.For more information on applying application files, see Chapter 16, Software Utilities.15.3Application FilesAn application file is organized into records. Each record stores configuration information for a particular area of receiver operation. Application files can include the following records:•File Storage•General Controls•Serial Port Baud/Format•Reference Position•Logging Rate•SV Enable/Disable•Output Message•Antenna•Device Control•Static/Kinematic•Input MessageAn application file does not have to contain all of these records. When you apply an application file, any option that is not included in the records in the file remains at its current setting. For example, if you

15 Configuration130 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R8 GPS Receiver Operation apply an application file that only specifies the elevation mask to use, all other settings remain as they were before the application file was applied.You can store up to twenty different application files in the receiver. You can apply an application file’s settings at the time it is transferred to the receiver, or at any time afterwards.153.1 Special application filesThe Trimble R8 receiver has three special application files, which control important aspects of the receiver’s configuration.Default application fileThe default application file (Default.cfg) contains the original receiver configuration, and cannot be changed. This file configures the receiver after it is reset. You can reset the receiver by holding down [P] for at least 15 seconds, or by using the reset option in the GPS Configurator software.For more information, see Default Settings, page 152.Although you cannot change or delete the default application file, you can use a power up application file to override any or all of the default settings.Current application fileThe current application file (Current.cfg) reflects the current receiver configuration. Whenever you change the receiver’s configuration, either in real time or by applying an application file, the current file changes to match the new configuration.You cannot delete the current file or change it directly, but every change to the receiver’s current configuration is applied to the current file as well.

Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 131Configuration 15Trimble R8 GPS Receiver Operation When you switch off the receiver then turn it on again, all the settings from the current application file are applied, so you do not lose any changes that you have made. The only exceptions are the following logging parameters:•Logging rate•Position rate•Elevation maskThese parameters are always reset to the factory default values whenever the receiver is switched off.Power Up application fileThe power up application file (Power_up.cfg) is used to set the receiver to a specific configuration any time the unit is powered up. You can specify that the receiver is reset to defaults before the power up settings are applied. This ensures that restarting the receiver always resets it to factory defaults prior to applying the power up application file.Alternatively, you can specify that the power up settings are applied immediately after the current application file’s settings have been applied. Restarting the receiver results in a configuration that uses your default settings for the options you define in the power up file, but the current settings for all other options.By default, there is no power_up application file on the receiver. To use a power up application file, you must create and save a power_up application file in the GPS Configurator software. If you save this file to disk, the file is called power_up.cfg. The extension .cfg is used by convention to identify application files on the office computer. When you transfer this file to the receiver, the file is saved on the receiver as power_up, and becomes the new power up file.The power up file is the only special application file that you can overwrite or delete from the receiver.

15 Configuration132 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R8 GPS Receiver Operation 153.2 Applying application filesAn application file’s settings do not affect the receiver’s configuration until you apply the application file. You can do this at the same time that you save the file. Alternatively, you can save the file on the computer or in the receiver, then open it later and apply its settings.153.3 Storing application filesYou can store application files that you create in the GPS Configurator software on the receiver and on the computer. For example, each file can represent a different user sharing the same receiver, or a particular mode of operation or survey style. Saving application files on your computer as well as in your receiver is optional, but it is useful because:•it gives you a permanent copy of the settings you have sent to a receiver, for audit or your own reference.• you can use the same file to configure multiple receivers identically.•you can use an existing application file as a template for creating other application files with similar settings.153.4 Naming application filesThe application filename in the office computer and in the receiver are always the same. This makes it easier to recognize and keep track of your application files. When you change the name of the application file in the receiver, this changes the application filename on your computer. When you transfer an application file from the receiver and save it to the computer, the system renames the file to match the internal receiver file. However, if you use Windows Explorer, for example, to change the .cfg filename on the computer, this does not change the internal receiver filename. This means that the GPS receiver does not recognize the change to the filename on the computer.

CHAPTER16Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 133Software Utilities 16In this chapter:QThe GPS Configurator SoftwareQThe WinFlash Software

16 Software Utilities134 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R8 GPS Receiver Operation This chapter provides information on the software utilities that you can use with the Trimble R8 receiver.16.1The GPS Configurator SoftwareGPS Configurator is office software that configures selected Trimble GPS receivers.GPS Configurator software enables you to:•edit and save configuration files to the receiver and the computer•check current receiver settings and operation•configure receiver settings with your office computer161.1 Installing the GPS Configurator softwareA copy of GPS Configurator software is included on the Trimble R7, Trimble R8, 5700, and 5800 GPS Receivers CD.1. Insert the CD into the CD drive on your computer.2. From the main menu, select Install individual software packages.3. Select Install GPS Configurator vX.XX.4. Follow the onscreen instructions.Configuring the Trimble R8 receiver using GPS Configurator software 1. Connect Port 1 or 2 on the receiver to a serial (COM) port on the computer and apply power.2. To start GPS Configurator, click , then select Programs /Trimble /GPS Configurator /GPS Configurator.

Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 135Software Utilities 16Trimble R8 GPS Receiver Operation 3. In the Device Type dialog, select Trimble R8.The software automatically establishes a connection with the receiver.4. Make appropriate selections for your required receiver settings.For more information, refer to the GPS Configurator Help.5. Click Apply.The settings in GPS Configurator software are applied to the receiver.16.1The WinFlash SoftwareThe WinFlash software communicates with Trimble products to perform various functions including:•installing software, firmware, and option upgrades•running diagnostics (for example, retrieving configuration information)•configuring radiosFor more information, online help is also available when using the WinFlash software.Note – The WinFlash software runs on Microsoft® Windows® 95, 98, Windows NT®, 2000, Me, or XP operating systems.161.1 Installing the WinFlash software1. Insert the Trimble R7, Trimble R8, 5700, and 5800 GPS Receivers CD into the CD drive on the computer.2. From the main menu, select Install individual software packages.3. Select Install WinFlash vX.XX with Trimble R8 drivers and firmware and then follow the on-screen instructions.Alternatively, install the WinFlash software from the Trimble website

16 Software Utilities136 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R8 GPS Receiver Operation 160.1 Upgrading firmwareYour Trimble R8 receiver is supplied with the latest version of receiver firmware installed. If a later version becomes available, upgrade the firmware installed on your receiver.The WinFlash software guides you through the firmware upgrade process. The steps required are described below. For more information, refer to the WinFlash Help.To upgrade the Trimble R8 receiver firmware:1. Start the WinFlash software. The Device Configuration screen appears.2. From the Device type list, select Trimble R8 Receiver.3. From the PC serial port field, select the serial (COM) port on the computer that the receiver is connected to.4. Click Next.The Operation Selection screen appears. The Operations list shows all of the supported operations for the selected device. A description of the selected operation is shown in the Description field.5. Select GPS software upgrade and click Next.The GPS Software Selection window appears. This screen prompts you to select the software that you want to install on the receiver.6. Select the latest version from the Available Software list and click Next.The Settings Review window appears. This screen prompts you to connect the receiver, suggests a connection method, and then lists the receiver configuration and selected operation.

Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 137Software Utilities 16Trimble R8 GPS Receiver Operation 7. If all is correct, click Finish.Based on the selections shown above, the Software Upgrade window appears and shows the status of the operation (for example, Establishing communication with the Trimble R8. Please wait ...)8. Click OK.The Software Upgrade window appears again and states that the operation was completed successfully.9. Click Menu to select another operation, or click Exit to quit WinFlash.10. If you click Exit, another screen appears asking you to confirm that you want to quit. Click OK.160.1 Adding frequencies for the 450 MHz internal radioIf your Trimble R8 receiver has the optional internal 450 MHz radio installed, you must use the WinFlash software to add receiving frequencies to the default list. If you purchased the transmit option, the broadcast frequencies must be programmed at the factory. 1. Start the WinFlash software. The Device Configuration screen appears.2. From the Device type list, select Trimble R8 Receiver.3. From the PC serial port field, select the serial (COM) port on the computer that the receiver is connected to.4. Click Next.The Operation Selection screen appears. The Operations list shows all of the supported operations for the selected device. A description of the selected operation is shown in the Description field.5. Select Configure Radio and then click Next.

16 Software Utilities138 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R8 GPS Receiver Operation The Frequency Selection window appears:6. In the Wireless Format group, select the appropriate channel and wireless mode. The Wireless Mode must be the same for all radios in your network.7. In the Specify Frequency field, enter the frequency you require.8. Click Add. The new frequency appears in the Selected Frequencies list.

Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 139Software Utilities 16Trimble R8 GPS Receiver Operation Note – The frequencies that you program must conform to the channel spacing and minimum tuning requirements for the radio. To view this information, click Radio Info. You may select either 12.5 or 25 kHz channel spacing. All radios in your network must use the same channel spacing.9. When you have configured all the frequencies you require, click OK.The WinFlash software updates the receiver radio frequencies and then restarts the receiver.Note – You can only configure receive frequencies. The FCC approved transmit frequencies must be specified and configured by Trimble.160.1 Configuring the internal 900 MHz radio setupUse one of the following:•The Trimble Survey Controller software running on a Trimble controller•The WinFlash software (provided on the Trimble R7, Trimble R8, 5700, and 5800 GPS Receivers CD)The internal radio has 40 available networks. You must choose the same network that is configured in the base radio you want to receive from.Configuring the radio network using the Trimble Survey Controller software1. Connect to the Trimble R8 receiver with Bluetooth wireless technology (or the appropriate data cable if necessary).2. From the main menu on the controller, select Configuration.3. In the dialog that appears, select Survey styles, then from the Type field, select RTK.4. Select Rover radio, then from the Type field select Trimble Internal.

16 Software Utilities140 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R8 GPS Receiver Operation 5. Tap the ! softkey.6. Once connected, in the Network number field enter the number of the network set on your base radio.The Base Radio Mode field is not used here.7. Tap the E softkey to complete configuration.Configuring the radio network using the WinFlash software1. Connect the data/power cable to Port 1 on the receiver.2. Connect the female DE-9 connector on the other end of the data/power cable to a serial (COM) port on the computer.3. Start the WinFlash software. The Device Configuration dialog appears.4. From the Device type list, select Trimble R8 Receiver.5. From the PC serial port field, select the serial port on the computer that the receiver is connected to and click Next.6. From the Operation selection dialog, select Configure radio and click Next.7. Confirm that your current settings are correct and click Finish. The Configure 900MHz radio dialog appears.8. In the Network number field, select the same network that is set on your base radio.9. In the Country setting field, select one of the following (according to how your base radio was shipped):– Your country (if available). This sets the radio to the a specific frequency range being transmitted by the base radio.– A single frequency. This limits the frequencies used to those authorized in your particular country.10. Click OK.The WinFlash software updates the radio settings and then restarts the receiver.

Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 141Software Utilities 16Trimble R8 GPS Receiver Operation 160.1 Configuring the internal transceiverUse the WinFlash Internal Transceiver Configuration dialog to configure the Trimble R8 internal transceiver.BTip – To view a list of all radio information, including the current configuration, click Radio Info. 1. Select the Current Channel, which determines the radio operating frequency. 2. Select the Wireless Mode, which determines the over-the-air communications parameters. The following example shows a rover setup:To reduce battery consumption on your base receiver, set the wireless mode as high as possible. For example, 9600 bps consumes half the power of 4800 bps for the same data format and time of operation.

16 Software Utilities142 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R8 GPS Receiver Operation All radios in the network must be configured with the same wireless setting.3. Select the appropriate operating mode, depending on how you intend to use the receiver, for example, Base with No Repeaters: 4. Select one of the following channel sharing configurations (base modes only; not available for rover):– Off. The carrier detect mode is off. The unit will ignore other transmissions on your frequency and continue to transmit data.Note – It may be illegal in your country of use to set channel sharing to Off. You may be subject to penalties or fines based upon the specific licensing requirements for your country of use. Please consult your radio license documentation or licensing agency for operational guidelines.– Avoid Weak Signals.The carrier detect mode is on. The radio will cease transmitting if it detects another radio transmission on its frequency. It will resume transmission when the channel is free of radio traffic.

Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 143Software Utilities 16Trimble R8 GPS Receiver Operation – Avoid Strong Signals. The carrier detect mode is on, but the radio will stop transmitting only when there is a strong signal present (receive level greater than 90 dBm).5. If you are operating in Base mode, select the Enable Station ID check box and then enter your call sign in the Call Sign field. This FCC requirement is for U.S. licensed users. It sets your radio to transmit your call sign in Morse code every 15 minutes.6. To update the configuration, click OK.In the Status dialog that appears, select an option to return to the main menu or to exit the WinFlash software.BTip – You can print or save the radio configuration information for future reference. If required, you can fax or e-mail the file to Trimble Support to aid in troubleshooting radio problems.Updating the frequency listYou can program the internal transceiver modem with a list of up to 20 frequencies, which are stored in non-volatile memory. This list is pre-configured based on the frequencies that you requested when you ordered the unit. Government regulations stipulate that only manufacturers or authorized dealers can create this frequency list and that all frequencies programmed into a unit must comply with the host country regulations. If you need to add, delete, or replace frequencies, contact your Trimble dealer, and provide the radio modem serial number and an updated list of the frequencies you require. Once you receive the frequency file, you can upgrade the radio using the WinFlash software.

16 Software Utilities144 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R8 GPS Receiver Operation

CHAPTER17Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 145Specifications 17In this chapter:QPhysical SpecificationsQPositioning SpecificationsQTechnical Specifications

17 Specifications146 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R8 GPS Receiver Operation This chapter details the specifications of the Trimble R8 receiver.17.1Physical SpecificationsTable 17.1 lists physical specifications for the Trimble R8 receiver. Table 17.1 Physical specificationsFeature SpecificationSize 19cm (7.5") wide x 10cm (3.9") deep including connectorsWeight: with internal battery and radio 1.31 kg (2.13 lbs)Operating times on internal battery 450 MHz receive/transmit: 3.5 hours (varies with temperature and wireless data rate)GSM: 3.8 hours (varies with temperature)Battery life(at 20 °C)Approximately 5.5 hours for one 2.0 ah Lithium-ion batteryExternal Power input 11–28 V DCOperating temperatureaaReceiver will operate normally to –40 °C. Bluetooth module, GSM module, and internal batteries are rated to –20 °C.–40 °C to +65 °C (–40 °F to +149 °F)Storage temperature –40 °C to +70 °C (–40 °F to +157 °F)Humidity 100% condensing, unit fully sealedCasing Dust-proof, shock- and vibration-resistant

Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 147Specifications 17Trimble R8 GPS Receiver Operation 17.2Positioning SpecificationsTable 17.2 lists positioning specifications for the Trimble R8 receiver.17.3Technical SpecificationsTable 17.3 lists technical specifications for the Trimble R8 receiver. Table 17.2 Positioning specificationsPositioning Mode Horizontal accuracy (RMS)Vertical accuracy (RMS)RTK (OTF) Synchronized 1 cm + 1 ppm(× baseline length)2cm + 1ppm(× baseline length)Low Latency 2 cm + 2 ppm (× baseline length)aaDepends on radio link latency.3cm + 2ppm (× baseline length)aL1 C/A Code PhaseSynchronized/Low Latency.25m + 1ppm RMS .50m + 1ppm RMSStatic/FastStaticN/A 5 mm + 0.5 ppm(× baseline length)5 mm + 1 ppm(× baseline length)WAAS N/A Less than 5 mbb3D RMS values depend on WAAS system performance.Less than 5 mbTable 17.3 Technical specificationsFeature SpecificationTracking 24 Channels L1 C/A Code, L2C, L1/L2 Full Cycle Carrier, WAAS/EGNOS supportFully operational during P-code encryptionWAAS satellite trackingSignal processing Maxwell™ V architectureVery low-noise C/A code processingMultipath suppressionStart-up Cold start: < 60 seconds from power onWarm start: < 30 seconds with recent ephemeris

17 Specifications148 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R8 GPS Receiver Operation Initialization Automatic while moving or staticMinimum initialization time10 sec + 0.5 × baseline length (km)Communications Two RS-232 serial ports (Port 1, Port 2,)Port 1: Baud Rates up to 115,200 bpsPort 2: Baud Rates up to 115,200 bpsRTS/CTS flow control negotiation supported on Port 2 onlyBluetooth communications with Trimble ACU or TSCe with BlueCap moduleTransmit radio Transmit power: 0.5 wattsWireless data rate: 4800, 8000, 9600, 16000, and 19200Frequency bands: 410-430MHz, 430-450MHz, 450-470MHzChannel Spacing: 12.5kHz and 25kHzNumber of channels: Total of 20 factory pre-programmed transmit frequencies or user configured receive frequenciesRF modulation format: Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying (GMSK) at 4800, 8000, 9600, 16000, and 19200 bpsRange: Optimal 10 km (line of sight); Typical: 3–5 km (varies with terrain and operational conditions) Battery life: Up to 3.5 hours (varies with temperature and wireless data rate)GSM module Certification: Class B Part 15, 22, 24FCC certification: 850/1900 Class 10 GSM module CE Mark approvalC-tick approval GSM: type approvals are country specific. For more information, contact your Trimble representative.Bluetooth Type approvals are country specific. For more information, contact your Trimble representative.Table 17.3 Technical specifications (continued)Feature Specification

Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 149Specifications 17Trimble R8 GPS Receiver Operation Configuration Through user-definable application files or GPS ConfiguratorOutput formats NMEA-0183: AVR; GGA; GSA; GST; GSV; PTNL,GGK; PTNL,GGK_SYNC; HDT; PTNL,PJK; PTNL,PJT; ROT; PTNL,VGK; VHD; VTG; ZDAGSOF (Trimble Binary Streamed Output)RT17Table 17.3 Technical specifications (continued)Feature Specification

17 Specifications150 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R8 GPS Receiver Operation

CHAPTER18Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 151Default Settings 18In this chapter:QDefault SettingsQResetting to Factory Defaults

18 Default Settings152 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R8 GPS Receiver Operation All Trimble R8 receiver settings are stored in application files. The default application file is stored permanently in the receiver, and contains the factory default settings for the receiver. whenever the receiver is reset to its factory defaults, the current settings (stored in the current application file are reset to the values in the default application file.You cannot modify the default application file. However, if there is a power up application file (power_up) in the receiver, the settings in this file can be applied immediately after the default application file, overriding the factory defaults.For more information, see Application Files, page 129.18.1Default SettingsTable 18.1 lists the default settings for the Trimble R8 receiver, as defined in the default application file. Table 18.1 Default settingsFunction Factory defaultSV Enable All SVs enabledGeneral Controls: Elevation mask 13°PDOP mask 7RTK positioning mode Low LatencyMotion KinematicSerial Port 1: Baud rate 115,200Format 8-None-1Flow control NoneSerial Port 2: Baud rate 115,200Format 8-None-1Flow control None

Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 153Default Settings 18Trimble R8 GPS Receiver Operation 18.2Resetting to Factory DefaultsTo reset the Trimble R8 receiver to its factory defaults, do one of the following:•On the receiver, press and hold down [P] for 15 seconds.•In the GPS Configurator software, select Connect to Receiver and then click Reset receiver in the General tab.182.1 Default behaviorThe factory defaults specified above are applied whenever you start the receiver. If a power up file is present in the receiver, its settings are applied immediately after the default settings, so you can use a power up file to define your own set of defaults.Input Setup: Station AnyNMEA/ASCII (all messages) All Ports OffStreamed output All Types OffOffset = 00RT17/Binary All Ports OffReference position: Latitude 0°Longitude 0°Altitude 0.00 m HAEAntenna: Type Trimble R8/5800 InternalHeight (true vertical) 0.00 mGroup AllMeasurement method Bottom of mountTable 18.1 Default settings (continued)Function Factory default

18 Default Settings154 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R8 GPS Receiver Operation 182.2 Power up settingsWhen you turn off the receiver, any changes that you have made to logging settings are lost and these settings are returned to the factory defaults. Other settings remain as defined in the current file. The next time you turn on the receiver, the receiver checks for a power up file and, if one is present, applies the settings in this file.When you use [P] to turn off and then turn on the receiver and …then logging settings are …and all other settings are …you changed the receiver settings by applying an application filethe factory defaults the last settings usedyou changed the receiver settings using configuration softwarethe factory defaults the last settings usedthere is a Power Up application file in the receiverthe factory defaults, or those in the Power Up fileaaA factory default setting is used only if the setting is not defined in the Power Up file.the last settings used, or those in the Power Up file

CHAPTER19Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 155Cables and Connectors 19In this chapter:QPort 1 and 2 ConnectorsQPower/Serial Data Cables

19 Cables and Connectors156 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R8 GPS Receiver Operation This chapter provides pinout information for the Trimble R8 receiver standard and optional cables. This information can be used to prepare special cables for connecting the receiver to devices and instruments not supported by the standard and optional cables.19.1Port 1 and 2 ConnectorsFigure 19.1 shows the location of the receiver serial ports. Figure 19.1 Trimble R8 receiver serial ports12BARCODE S/N LABEL Port 1Port 2

Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 157Cables and Connectors 19Trimble R8 GPS Receiver Operation Figure 19.2 gives pinout requirements for the connector labeled Port 1. Figure 19.2 Port 1 connector Figure 19.3 gives pinout requirements for the connector labeled Port 2. Figure 19.3 Port 2 connector 7136425Pins 9 8 7 6Pins 5 4 3 2 1

19 Cables and Connectors158 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R8 GPS Receiver Operation Table 19.1 describes the pinout functionality.19.2Power/Serial Data CablesNote – Table 19.2 gives pinout information for the data-I/O cable, (PN 18532) which is supplied with the Trimble R8 receiver.Note – Table 19.2 assumes that the cable is attached to the connector labeled Port 2. Table 19.1 Trimble R8 receiver port pinouts Pin Pinout functionPort 1 - 7-pin Lemo Port 2 - DB-91 Signal ground DCD2 - Power ground RXD3TXD TXD4N/C DTR5 N/C Signal ground6 + Power in DSR7TRXD RTS8N/A CTS9 N/A Ring indicatorTable 19.2 Data-I/O cable pinoutsDB-9 Female9 PinDB-9 Female9 pinPin Function Pin Function1-6 DCD5_232 4 DTR5_2322 RX5_232 3 TX5_2323 TX5_232 2 RX5_2324 DTR5_232 1-6 DCD5_2325 GND 5 GND

Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 159Cables and Connectors 19Trimble R8 GPS Receiver Operation This data cable may be used for firmware upgrades and other computer functions with the Trimble R8 receiver. Power must be supplied to the receiver through Port 1, or from the internal battery. Note – Table 19.2 gives pinout information for the power/serial data cable, (PN 32345) which is optional for use with the Trimble R8 receiver. This cable can be used for firmware upgrades through Port 1, while also supplying external power.Note – Table 19.3 assumes that the cable is attached to the connector labeled Port 1.7 RTS5_232 8 CTS5_2328 CTS5_232 7 RTS5_2329 no connection RI5_232 9Table 19.3 Power/serial data cable pinoutsLemo 0-shell connector7 PinDirection DE9-F connector7 CondPower lead2 CondPin Function Pin Color Function Color Function1 GND ↔5 Brown Signal ground2 GND →Black V-OUT3TX3_232 →2 Orange TXD4RTS/TXD →8Blue RTS5CTS/RXD ←7GreenCTS6PWR_IN ← Red Power IN (+)7RX3_232 ←3YellowTXDTable 19.2 Data-I/O cable pinouts (continued)DB-9 Female9 PinDB-9 Female9 pinPin Function Pin Function

19 Cables and Connectors160 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimble R8 GPS Receiver Operation

SECTIONIIITrimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 161IAPPENDIXES TRIMBLE R7 / TRIMBLE R8

162 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide

Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 163APPENDIXANMEA-0183 Output AIn this chapter:QNMEA-0183 OutputsQCommon Message ElementsQNMEA Messages

A NMEA-0183 Output164 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimbleR7/R8 GPS Receiver Operation This appendix describes the formats of the subset of NMEA-0183 messages that are available for output by the receivers. For a copy of the NMEA-0183 Standard, go to the National Marine Electronics Association website at www.nmea.org.A.1 NMEA-0183 OutputsWhen NMEA-0183 output is enabled, a subset of NMEA-0183 messages can be output to external instruments and equipment connected to the Trimble R7/R8 receivers serial ports. These NMEA-0183 messages let external devices use selected data collected or computed by the GPS receiver.All messages conform to the NMEA-0183 version 3.01 format. All begin with $ and end with a carriage return and a line feed. Data fields follow comma (,) delimiters and are variable in length. Null fields still follow comma (,) delimiters but contain no information.An asterisk (*) delimiter and checksum value follow the last field of data contained in an NMEA-0183 message. The checksum is the 8-bit exclusive OR of all characters in the message, including the commas between fields, but not including the $ and asterisk delimiters. The hexadecimal result is converted to two ASCII characters (0–9, A–F). The most significant character appears first.Table A.1 summarizes the set of NMEA messages supported by the Trimble R7/R8 receivers, and shows the page where detailed information about each message can be found. Table A.1 NMEA message summaryMessage Function PageAVR Time, yaw, tilt, range, mode, PDOP, and number of SVs for Moving Baseline RTK167GGA Time, position, and fix related data 168GSA GNSS DOP and active satellites 169GST Position error statistics 170

Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 165NMEA-0183 Output ATrimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver Operation To enable or disable the output of individual NMEA messages, do one of the following:•Create an application file in the GPS Configurator software that contains NMEA output settings and then send the file to the receiver.•Add NMEA outputs in the Serial outputs tab of the GPS Configurator software and then apply the settings.A.2 Common Message ElementsEach message contains:•A message ID consisting of $GP followed by the message type. For example, the message ID of the GGA message is $GPGGA.•A commaGSV Number of SVs in view, PRN, elevation, azimuth, and SNR170HDT Heading from True North 171PTNL,GGK Time, position, position type and DOP values 172PTNL,GGK_SYNC Time, synchronized position, position type and DOP values173PTNL,PJK Local coordinate position output 174PTNL,PJT Projection type 175PTNL,VGK Time, locator vector, type and DOP values 176PTNL,VHD Heading Information 177ROT Rate of turn 178VTG Actual track made good and speed over ground178ZDA UTC day, month, and year, and local time zone offset179Table A.1 NMEA message summary (continued)Message Function Page

$A NMEA-0183 Output166 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User GuideTrimbleR7/R8 GPS Receiver Operation •A number of fields, depending on the message type, separated by commas•An asterisk•A checksum valueBelow is an example of a simple message with a message ID ($GPGGA), followed by 13 fields and a checksum value:$GPGGA,172814.0,3723.46587704,N,12202.26957864,W,2,6,1.2,18.893,M,-25.669,M,2.0,0031*4FA2.1 Message valuesThe following values can be found in NMEA messages that the receiver generates.Latitude and LongitudeLatitude is represented as ddmm.mmmm and longitude is represented as dddmm.mmmm, where:•dd or ddd is degrees•mm.mmmm is minutes and decimal fractions of minutesDirectionDirection (north, south, east, or west) is represented by a single character: N, S, E, or W.TimeTime values are presented in Universal Time Coordinated (UTC) and are represented as hhmmss.cc, where:•hh is hours, from 00 to 23•mm is minutes•ss is seconds•cc is hundredths of seconds$

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