U MEDIA Communications WRT390L Wireless Giga Router User Manual WRT 390L TCB
U-MEDIA Communications, Inc. Wireless Giga Router WRT 390L TCB
User Manual
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2.4GHz Wireless 802.11n(DRAFT) Giga Router
WRT-390L
Rev 0.7
User Manual
Federal Communication Commission Interference Statement
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital
device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide
reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This
equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed
and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio
communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a
particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or
television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the
user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one of the following measures:
- Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
- Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.
- Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver
is connected.
- Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.
This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following
two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device
must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired
operation.
FCC Caution: Any changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party
responsible for compliance could void the user's authority to operate this equipment.
IMPORTANT NOTE:
FCC Radiation Exposure Statement:
This equipment complies with FCC radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled
environment. This equipment should be installed and operated with minimum distance
20cm between the radiator & your body.
This transmitter must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any other antenna
or transmitter.
The availability of some specific channels and/or operational frequency bands are country
dependent and are firmware programmed at the factory to match the intended destination.
The firmware setting is not accessible by the end user.
Copyright
This publication, including all photographs, illustrations and software, is protected under international copyright laws, with all rights reserved. Neither this manual, nor any of the material contained herein, may be reproduced without written consent of the author.
Copyright 2006
Trademark recognition
All product names used in this manual are the properties of their respective owners and are
acknowledged.
Table of Contents
Getting Started with the WRT-390L ------------------------------------- 3
Package Contents
Minimum System Requirements
Wireless LAN Networking ------------------------------------------- 5
Introduction
Features
Hardware Overview
--------------------------------------------- 10
LED Indications
Rear Panel
Installation Considerations
Getting Started
Using the Configuration Menu ----------------------------------- 12
Network
Wireless
Advanced
Administrator
1. Getting Started with the WRT-390L
Congratulations on purchasing the WRT-390L! This manual provides information for setting up
and configuring the WRT-390L. This manual is intended for both home users and professionals.
The following conventions are used in this manual:
THE NOTE SYMBOL INDICATES ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ON THE
TOPIC AT HAND.
THE TIP SYMBOL INDICATES HELPFULL INFORMATION AND TIPS TO
IMPROVE YOUR NETWORK EXPERIENCE.
THE CAUTION SYMBOL ALERTS YOU TO SITUATIONS THAT MAY
DEGRADE YOUR NETWORKING EXPERIENCE OR COMPROMISE
LIKE NOTES AND TIPS, THE IMPORTANT SYMBOL INDICATES
INFORMATION THAT CAN IMPROVE NETWORKING. THIS INFORMATION
SHOULD NOT BE OVERLOOKED.
1.1 Package Contents
WRT-390L 2.4GHz Wireless 802.11n(DRAFT) Giga Router
CAT-5 Ethernet Cable
Power Adapter (12V, 1A)
CD-ROM with Manual
Quick Installation Guide
Using a power supply with a different voltage than the one included with your
product will cause damage and void the warranty for this product.
1.2 Minimum System Requirements
Ethernet-Based Cable or DSL Modem
Computers with Windows, Macintosh, or Linux-based operating systems with an installed
Ethernet adapter and CD-ROM Drive
Internet Explorer Version 6.0 or Netscape Navigator Version 7.0 and Above
2. Wireless LAN Networking
This section provides background information on wireless LAN networking technology. Consult
the Glossary for definitions of the terminology used in this section.
THE INFORMATION IN THIS SECTION IS FOR YOUR REFERENCE. CHANGING
NETWORK SETTINGS AND PARTICULARLY SECURITY SETTTINGS SHOULD ONLY
BE DONE BY AN AUTHORIZED ADMINISTRATOR.
Transmission Rate (Transfer Rate)
The WRT-390L provides various transmission (data) rate options for you to select. In most
networking scenarios, the factory default Best (automatic) setting proves the most efficient. This
setting allows your WRT-390L to operate at the maximum transmission (data) rate. When the
communication quality drops below a certain level, the WRT-390L automatically switches to a
lower transmission (data) rate. Transmission at lower data speeds is usually more reliable.
However, when the communication quality improves again, the WRT-390L gradually increases the
transmission (data) rate again until it reaches the highest available transmission rate.
Types of Wireless Networks
Wireless LAN networking works in either of the two modes: ad-hoc and infrastructure. In infrastructure mode, wireless devices communicate to a wired LAN via access points. Each access
point and its wireless devices are known as a Basic Service Set (BSS). An Extended Service Set
(ESS) is two or more BSSs in the same subnet. In ad hoc mode (also known as peer-to-peer
mode), wireless devices communicate with each other directly and do not use an access point.
This is an Independent BSS (IBSS).
To connect to a wired network within a coverage area using access points, set the operation mode
to Infrastructure (BSS). To set up an independent wireless workgroup without an access point, use
Ad-hoc (IBSS) mode.
A D -H OC (IBSS) N ETWORK
Ad-hoc mode does not require an access point or a wired network. Two or more wireless stations
communicate directly to each other. An ad-hoc network may sometimes be referred to as an
Independent Basic Service Set (IBSS).
To set up an ad-hoc network, configure all the stations in ad-hoc mode. Use the same SSID and
channel for each station.
7
When a number of wireless stations are connected using a single access point, you have a Basic
Service Set (BSS).
In the ESS diagram below, communication is done through the access points, which relay data
packets to other wireless stations or devices connected to the wired network. Wireless stations
can then access resources, such as a printer, on the wired network.
In an ESS environment, users are able to move from one access point to another without losing the
connection. In the diagram below, when the user moves from BSS (1) to BSS (2) the WLAN client
devices automatically switches to the channel used in BSS (2).
Roaming in an ESS network diagram
2.1 Introduction
The WRT-390L 2.4GHz Wireless 802.11n(DRAFT) Giga Router is an high-performance, wireless router that
supports high-speed wireless networking at home, at work or in public places.
Unlike most routers, the WRT-390L provides data transfers at up to 300Mbps when using 11n (Draft)
connection. This router is also back compatible with 802.11g or 11b devices. This means that you do not
need to change your entire network to maintain connectivity. You may sacrifice some of 11n’s (Draft) speed
when you mix 11n (Draft) and 11b/g devices, but you will not lose the ability to communicate when you
incorporate the 11n (Draft) standard into your 11b/g network. You may choose to slowly change your
network by gradually replacing the 11b/g devices with 11n (Draft) devices.
2.2 Features
Supports draft IEEE 802.11n & 11b/g
2.4GHz wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) application
2.412 to 2.462GHz frequency band operation
Compliant with IEEE 802.3, 802.3u & 802.3ab standards
Support OFDM and CCK modulation
High-Speed up to 300Mbps Data Rate using IEEE 802.11n (draft) connection
Supports Cable/DSL Modems with Dynamic IP, Static IP, PPPoE, PPTP, L2TP Connection Types
Firewall features Network Address Translation (NAT)
Traffic Control with Virtual Server and DMZ
UPnP (Universal Plug & Play) and ALGs Support for Internet applications such as Email, FTP,
Gaming, Streaming, Net Meeting, Telnet, and more
Provides Additional Security of Enable/Disable SSID, Internet Access Control (IP/Port range
blocking)
Supports IPSec, L2TP and PPTP VPN Pass-Through Sessions
Flash Memory for Firmware Upgrade, Save/Restore Settings
Easy Management via Web Browser (HTTP) and Remote Management
Supports 64/128-bit WEP, WPA/WPA2, and WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK.
Easy wireless setup via PBC or PIN of WiFi Protected Setup
Work with IE6.0 and above, web browsers.
Support 4 x 10/100/1000Mbps Auto-MDIX LAN Port and 1 x 10/100/1000Mbps WAN Port (Internet)
Built-in 3 External Antennas to support high speed performance and great coverage
10
3. Hardware Overview
3.1 LED Indications: (from bottom to top)
PWR
WAN
LAN1
LAN2
LAN3
LAN4
Wireless
WPS
Reserve
Reserve
3.2 Rear panel: (from bottom to top)
DC-IN
RESET
WAN
LAN1
LAN2
LAN3
LAN4
11
3.3 Installation Considerations
The WRT-390L 2.4GHz Wireless 802.11n(DRAFT) Giga Router lets you access your network, using a
wireless connection, from virtually anywhere within its operating range. Keep in mind, however, that the
number, thickness and location of walls, ceilings, or other objects that the wireless signals must pass
through, may limit the range. Typical ranges vary depending on the types of materials and background RF
(radio frequency) noise in your home or business. The key to maximizing wireless range is to follow these
basic guidelines:
Keep the number of walls and ceilings between the WRT-390L and other network devices to a
minimum - each wall or ceiling can reduce your
wireless product’s range from 3-90 feet (1-30
meters.) Position your devices so that the number of walls or ceilings is minimized.
Be aware of the direct line between network devices. A wall that is 1.5 feet thick (.5 meters), at a
45-degree angle appears to be almost 3 feet (1 meter) thick. At a 2-degree angle it looks over 42
feet (14 meters) thick! Position devices so that the signal will travel straight through a wall or ceiling
(instead of at an angle) for better reception.
Building Materials can impede the wireless signal - a solid metal door or aluminum studs may have a
negative effect on range. Try to position wireless devices and computers with wireless adapters so
that the signal passes through drywall or open doorways and not other materials.
Keep your product away (at least 3-6 feet or 1-2 meters) from electrical devices or appliances that
generate extreme RF noise.
3.4 Getting Started
For a typical wireless setup at home, please do the following:
1.
You will need broadband Internet access (a Cable or DSL-subscriber line into your home or
office)
2.
Consult with your Cable or DSL provider for proper installation of the modem.
3.
Connect the Cable or DSL modem to the WRT-390L Wireless Broadband Router (WAN
port).
4.
Ethernet LAN ports of the WRT-390L are Auto MDI/MDIX and will work with both
Straight-Through and Cross-Over cable.
12
4. Using the Configuration Menu
Whenever you want to configure your WRT-390L, you can access the Configuration Menu through
your PC by opening the Web-browser and typing in the IP Address of the WRT-390L. The
WRT-390L’s default IP Address is http://10.10.10.254
Open the Web browser.
Type in the IP Address of the Router (http://10.10.10.254).
If you have changed the default IP Address assigned to the WRT-390L, make sure to
enter the correct IP Address.
Select admin in the User Name field.
Leave the Password blank.
Click Login In.
13
4.1 Network
Network: Wan Setting
14
Network: Lan Setting
15
LAN Interface Setting
IP Address
The IP address of the this device on the local area network. Assign any unused IP address in
the range of IP addresses available for the LAN. For example, 192.168.0.101.
Subnet Mask
The subnet mask of the local area network.
DHCP Server Settings
DHCP stands for Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol. The DHCP section is where you
configure the built-in DHCP Server to assign IP addresses to the computers and other devices
on your local area network (LAN).
Enable DHCP Server
Once your router is properly configured and this option is enabled, the DHCP Server will
manage the IP addresses and other network configuration information for computers and other
devices connected to your Local Area Network. There is no need for you to do this yourself.
The computers (and other devices) connected to your LAN also need to have their TCP/IP
configuration set to "DHCP" or "Obtain an IP address automatically". When you set Enable
DHCP Server, the following options are displayed.
DHCP IP Address Range
These two IP values (Start and End) define a range of IP addresses that the DHCP Server
uses when assigning addresses to computers and devices on your Local Area Network. Any
addresses that are outside of this range are not managed by the DHCP Server; these could,
therefore, be used for manually configured devices or devices that cannot use DHCP to obtain
network address details automatically.
It is possible for a computer or device that is manually configured to have an address that does
reside within this range. In this case the address should be reserved, so that the DHCP Server
knows that this specific address can only be used by a specific computer or device.
Your router, by default, has a static IP address of 192.168.0.1. This means that addresses
192.168.0.2 to 192.168.0.254 can be made available for allocation by the DHCP Server.
Subnet Mask
The subnet mask of the local area network.
Gateway
The IP address of the router on the local area network. For example, 192.168.0.1.
DHCP Lease Time
The amount of time that a computer may have an IP address before it is required to renew the
lease. The lease functions just as a lease on an apartment would. The initial lease designates
the amount of time before the lease expires. If the tenant wishes to retain the address when
the lease is expired then a new lease is established. If the lease expires and the address is no
longer needed than another tenant may use the address.
Add/Edit DHCP Reservation
This option lets you reserve IP addresses, and assign the same IP address to the network
device with the specified MAC address any time it requests an IP address. This is almost the
16
same as when a device has a static IP address except that the device must still request an IP
address from the router. The router will provide the device the same IP address every time.
DHCP Reservations are helpful for server computers on the local network that are hosting
applications such as Web and FTP. Servers on your network should either use a static IP
address or use this option.
Computer Name
You can assign a name for each computer that is given a reserved IP address. This may help
you keep track of which computers are assigned this way. Example: Game Server.
IP Address:
The LAN address that you want to reserve.
MAC Address
To input the MAC address of your system, enter it in manually or connect to the router's
Web-Management interface from the system and click the Copy Your PC's MAC Address
button.
A MAC address is usually located on a sticker on the bottom of a network device. The MAC
address is comprised of twelve digits. Each pair of hexadecimal digits are usually separated by
dashes or colons such as 00-0D-88-11-22-33 or 00:0D:88:11:22:33. If your network device is a
computer and the network card is already located inside the computer, you can connect to the
router from the computer and click the Copy Your PC's MAC Address button to enter the
MAC address.
Clear
Re-initialize this area of the screen, discarding any changes you have made.
DHCP Reservations List
This shows clients that you have specified to have reserved DHCP addresses. Click the
Enable checkbox at the left to directly activate or de-activate the entry. An entry can be
changed by clicking the Edit icon or can be deleted by clicking the Delete icon. When you click
the Edit icon, the item is highlighted, and the "Edit DHCP Reservation" section is activated for
editing.
17
Network: DHCP Client List
DHCP Client List
In this section you can see what LAN devices are currently leasing IP addresses.
18
4.2 Wireless
Wireless: Basic
19
Radio On/Off
This indicates the wireless operating status. The wireless can be turned on or off by the slide
switch. When the radio is on, the following parameters are in effect.
Wireless Mode
If all of the wireless devices you want to connect with this router can connect in the same
transmission mode, you can improve performance slightly by choosing the appropriate "Only"
mode. If you have some devices that use a different transmission mode, choose the
appropriate "Mixed" mode.
Wireless Network Name (SSID)
When you are browsing for available wireless networks, this is the name that will appear in the
list (unless Visibility Status is set to Invisible, see below). This name is also referred to as the
SSID. For security purposes, it is highly recommended to change from the pre-configured
network name.
Frequency (Channel)
A wireless network uses specific channels in the wireless spectrum to handle communication
between clients. Some channels in your area may have interference from other electronic
devices. Choose the clearest channel to help optimize the performance and coverage of your
wireless network.
20
Wireless: Advanced
Beacon Interval
Beacons are packets sent by a wireless router to synchronize wireless devices. Specify a
Beacon Period value between 20 and 1000. The default value is set to 100 milliseconds.
DTIM
A DTIM is a countdown informing clients of the next window for listening to broadcast and
multicast messages. When the wireless router has buffered broadcast or multicast messages
for associated clients, it sends the next DTIM with a DTIM Interval value. Wireless clients
detect the beacons and awaken to receive the broadcast and multicast messages. The default
value is 1. Valid settings are between 1 and 255.
Fragmentation Threshold
Wireless frames can be divided into smaller units (fragments) to improve performance in the
presence of RF interference and at the limits of RF coverage. Fragmentation will occur when
frame size in bytes is greater than the Fragmentation Threshold. This setting should remain at
its default value of 2346 bytes. Setting the Fragmentation value too low may result in poor
performance.
RTS Threshold
When an excessive number of wireless packet collisions are occurring, wireless performance
can be improved by using the RTS/CTS (Request to Send/Clear to Send) handshake protocol.
The wireless transmitter will begin to send RTS frames (and wait for CTS) when data frame
size in bytes is greater than the RTS Threshold. This setting should remain at its default value
21
of 2346 bytes.
Short Preamble and Slot
Using a short (400ns) guard interval can increase throughput. However, it can also increase
error rate in some installations, due to increased sensitivity to radio-frequency reflections.
Select the option that works best for your installation.
22
Wireless: Security
Security Mode
Unless one of these encryption modes is selected, wireless transmissions to and from your
wireless network can be easily intercepted and interpreted by unauthorized users.
WEP
A method of encrypting data for wireless communication intended to provide the same level of
privacy as a wired network. WEP is not as secure as WPA encryption. To gain access to a
WEP network, you must know the key. The key is a string of characters that you create. When
using WEP, you must determine the level of encryption. The type of encryption determines the
key length. 128-bit encryption requires a longer key than 64-bit encryption. Keys are defined by
entering in a string in HEX (hexadecimal - using characters 0-9, A-F) or ASCII (American
Standard Code for Information Interchange - alphanumeric characters) format. ASCII format is
provided so you can enter a string that is easier to remember. The ASCII string is converted to
HEX for use over the network. Four keys can be defined so that you can change keys easily. A
default key is selected for use on the network.
WPA-Personal and WPA-Enterprise
Both of these options select some variant of Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) -- security
standards published by the Wi-Fi Alliance. The WPA Mode further refines the variant that the
router should employ.
WPA Mode: WPA is the older standard; select this option if the clients that will be used with the
router only support the older standard. WPA2 is the newer implementation of the stronger
IEEE 802.11i security standard. With the "WPA2" option, the router tries WPA2 first, but falls
back to WPA if the client only supports WPA. With the "WPA2 Only" option, the router
associates only with clients that also support WPA2 security.
23
Cipher Type: The encryption algorithm used to secure the data communication. TKIP
(Temporal Key Integrity Protocol) provides per-packet key generation and is based on WEP.
AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) is a very secure block based encryption. With the "TKIP
and AES" option, the router negotiates the cipher type with the client, and uses AES when
available.
Group Key Update Interval: The amount of time before the group key used for broadcast and
multicast data is changed.
Group Key Update Interval: The amount of time before the group key used for broadcast and
multicast data is changed.
WPA-Personal
This option uses Wi-Fi Protected Access with a Pre-Shared Key (PSK).
Pre-Shared Key: The key is entered as a pass-phrase of up to 63 alphanumeric characters in
ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) format at both ends of the
wireless connection. It cannot be shorter than eight characters, although for proper security it
needs to be of ample length and should not be a commonly known phrase. This phrase is used
to generate session keys that are unique for each wireless client.
WPA-Enterprise
This option works with a RADIUS Server to authenticate wireless clients. Wireless clients
should have established the necessary credentials before attempting to authenticate to the
Server through this Gateway. Furthermore, it may be necessary to configure the RADIUS
Server to allow this Gateway to authenticate users.
Authentication Timeout: Amount of time before a client will be required to re-authenticate.
RADIUS Server IP Address: The IP address of the authentication server.
RADIUS Server Port: The port number used to connect to the authentication server.
RADIUS Server Shared Secret: A pass-phrase that must match with the authentication server.
Wireless MAC Filtering
Choose the type of MAC filtering needed.
Turn MAC Filtering Disable: When "Disable" is selected, MAC addresses are not used to
control network access.
Add MAC Filtering Rule
Use this section to add MAC addresses to the list below.
MAC Address
Enter the MAC address of a computer that you want to control with MAC filtering. Computers
that have obtained an IP address from the router's DHCP server will be in the DHCP Client List.
Select a device from the drop down menu.
24
Wireless: WPS
WPS
Enable
Enable the WPS feature.
Lock Wireless Security Settings
Locking the wireless security settings prevents the settings from being changed by any new
external registrar using its PIN. Devices can still be added to the wireless network using WPS.
25
PIN Settings
A PIN is a unique number that can be used to add the router to an existing network or to create
a new network. The default PIN may be printed on the bottom of the router. For extra security,
a new PIN can be generated. You can restore the default PIN at any time. Only the
Administrator ("admin" account) can change or reset the PIN.
Current PIN
Shows the current value of the router's PIN.
Reset To WPS Default
Restore the default PIN of the router.
Generate New PIN
Create a random number that is a valid PIN. This becomes the router's PIN. You can then copy
this PIN to the user interface of the registrar.
26
Wireless: Station List
27
4.3 Advanced
Advanced: DMZ
DMZ Setting
DMZ means "Demilitarized Zone." If an application has trouble working from behind the router,
you can expose one computer to the Internet and run the application on that computer.
When a LAN host is configured as a DMZ host, it becomes the destination for all incoming
packets that do not match some other incoming session or rule. If any other ingress rule is in
place, that will be used instead of sending packets to the DMZ host; so, an active session,
virtual server, active port trigger, or port forwarding rule will take priority over sending a packet
to the DMZ host. (The DMZ policy resembles a default port forwarding rule that forwards every
port that is not specifically sent anywhere else.)
The router provides only limited firewall protection for the DMZ host. The router does not
forward a TCP packet that does not match an active DMZ session, unless it is a connection
establishment packet (SYN). Except for this limited protection, the DMZ host is effectively
"outside the firewall". Anyone considering using a DMZ host should also consider running a
firewall on that DMZ host system to provide additional protection.
Packets received by the DMZ host have their IP addresses translated from the WAN-side IP
address of the router to the LAN-side IP address of the DMZ host. However, port numbers are
not translated; so applications on the DMZ host can depend on specific port numbers.
The DMZ capability is just one of several means for allowing incoming requests that might
appear unsolicited to the NAT. In general, the DMZ host should be used only if there are no
other alternatives, because it is much more exposed to cyberattacks than any other system on
the LAN. Thought should be given to using other configurations instead: a virtual server, a port
forwarding rule, or a port trigger. Virtual servers open one port for incoming sessions bound for
a specific application (and also allow port redirection and the use of ALGs). Port forwarding is
rather like a selective DMZ, where incoming traffic targeted at one or more ports is forwarded
to a specific LAN host (thereby not exposing as many ports as a DMZ host). Port triggering is a
special form of port forwarding, which is activated by outgoing traffic, and for which ports are
28
only forwarded while the trigger is active.
Few applications truly require the use of the DMZ host. Following are examples of when a
DMZ host might be required:
•
A host needs to support several applications that might use overlapping ingress ports
such that two port forwarding rules cannot be used because they would potentially be in
conflict.
•
To handle incoming connections that use a protocol other than ICMP, TCP, UDP, and
IGMP (also GRE and ESP, when these protocols are enabled by the PPTP and IPSec
ALGs ).
Enable DMZ
Putting a computer in the DMZ may expose that computer to a variety of security risks.
Use of this option is only recommended as a last resort.
DMZ IP Address
Specify the LAN IP address of the LAN computer that you want to have unrestricted Internet
communication.
29
Advanced: Virtual Server
Add/Edit Virtual Server
Enable
Specifies whether the entry will be active or inactive.
Name
Assign a meaningful name to the virtual server, for example Web Server. Several well-known
types of virtual server are available from the "Application Name" drop-down list. Selecting one
of these entries fills some of the remaining parameters with standard values for that type of
server.
IP Address
The IP address of the system on your internal network that will provide the virtual service, for
example 192.168.0.50. You can select a computer from the list of DHCP clients in the
"Computer Name" drop-down menu, or you can manually enter the IP address of the server
computer.
Protocol
30
Select the protocol used by the service. The common choices -- UDP, TCP, and both UDP and
TCP -- can be selected from the drop-down menu. To specify any other protocol, select "Other"
from the list, then enter the corresponding protocol number (as assigned by the IANA) in the
Protocol box.
Private Port
The port that will be used on your internal network.
Public Port
The port that will be accessed from the Internet.
Schedule
Select a schedule for when the service will be enabled. If you do not see the schedule you
need in the list of schedules.
Clear
Re-initialize this area of the screen, discarding any changes you have made.
31
Advanced: Routing
Add/Edit Route
Adds a new route to the IP routing table or edits an existing route.
Destination IP
The IP address of packets that will take this route.
Gateway
Specifies the next hop to be taken if this route is used. A gateway of 0.0.0.0 implies there is no
next hop, and the IP address matched is directly connected to the router on the interface
specified: LAN or WAN.
32
Metric
The route metric is a value from 1 to 16 that indicates the cost of using this route. A value of 1
is the lowest cost, and 15 is the highest cost. A value of 16 indicates that the route is not
reachable from this router. When trying to reach a particular destination, computers on your
network will select the best route, ignoring unreachable routes.
Interface
Specifies the interface -- LAN or WAN -- that the IP packet must use to transit out of the router,
when this route is used.
Clear
Re-initialize this area of the screen, discarding any changes you have made.
Routes List
The section shows the current routing table entries. Certain required routes are predefined and
cannot be changed. Routes that you add can be changed by clicking the Edit icon or can be
deleted by clicking the Delete icon. When you click the Edit icon, the item is highlighted, and
the "Edit Route" section is activated for editing. Click the Enable checkbox at the left to directly
activate or de-activate the entry.
33
Advanced: Access Control
Enable
By default, the Access Control feature is disabled. If you need Access Control, check this
option.
Note: When Access Control is disabled, every device on the LAN has unrestricted access to
the Internet. However, if you enable Access Control, Internet access is restricted for those
devices that have an Access Control Policy configured for them. All other devices have
unrestricted access to the Internet.
34
Advanced: Special Applications
Add/Edit Port Trigger Rule
Enable
Specifies whether the entry will be active or inactive.
Name
Enter a name for the Special Application Rule, for example Game App, which will help you
identify the rule in the future. Alternatively, you can select from the Application list of common
applications.
Protocol
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Select the protocol used by the service. The common choices -- UDP, TCP, and both UDP and
TCP -- can be selected from the drop-down menu.
Trigger Port
Enter the outgoing port range used by your application (for example 6500-6700).
Schedule
Select a schedule for when this rule is in effect.
Clear
Re-initialize this area of the screen, discarding any changes you have made.
Port Trigger Rule List
This is a list of the defined application rules. Click the Enable checkbox at the left to directly
activate or de-activate the entry. An entry can be changed by clicking the Edit icon or can be
deleted by clicking the Delete icon.
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Advanced: Gaming
Add/Edit Port Range Rule
Use this section to add a Port Range Rule to the following list or to edit a rule already in
the list.
Rule Enable
Specifies whether the entry will be active or inactive.
Rule Name
Give the rule a name that is meaningful to you, for example Game Server. You can also select
from a list of popular games, and many of the remaining configuration values will be filled in
accordingly. However, you should check whether the port values have changed since this list
was created, and you must fill in the IP address field.
IP Address
Enter the local network IP address of the system hosting the server, for example 192.168.0.50.
You can select a computer from the list of DHCP clients in the "Computer Name" drop-down
menu, or you can manually enter the IP address of the server computer.
TCP Ports to Open
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Enter the TCP ports to open (for example 6159-6180, 99).
UDP Ports to Open
Enter the UDP ports to open (for example 6159-6180, 99).
Inbound Filter
Select a filter that controls access as needed for this rule.
Schedule
Select a schedule for the times when this rule is in effect.
Clear
Re-initialize this area of the screen, discarding any changes you have made.
Port Range Rule List
This is a list of the defined Port Range Rules. Click the Enable checkbox at the left to directly
activate or de-activate the entry. An entry can be changed by clicking the Edit icon or can be
deleted by clicking the Delete icon. When you click the Edit icon, the item is highlighted, and
the "Edit Port Forwarding Rule" section is activated for editing.
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Advanced: Inbound Filter
Add/Edit Inbound Filter Rule
Here you can add entries to the Inbound Filter Rules List below, or edit existing entries.
Name
Enter a name for the rule that is meaningful to you.
Action
The rule can either Allow or Deny messages.
Remote IP Range
Define the ranges of Internet addresses this rule applies to. For a single IP address, enter the
same address in both the Start and End boxes. Up to eight ranges can be entered. The
Enable checkbox allows you to turn on or off specific entries in the list of ranges.
Clear
Re-initialize this area of the screen, discarding any changes you have made.
Inbound Filter Rules List
The section lists the current Inbound Filter Rules. An entry can be changed by clicking the Edit
icon or can be deleted by clicking the Delete icon. When you click the Edit icon, the item is
highlighted, and the "Edit Inbound Filter Rule" section is activated for editing.
In addition to the filters listed here, two predefined filters are available wherever inbound filters
can be applied:
Allow All
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Permit any WAN user to access the related capability.
Deny All
Prevent all WAN users from accessing the related capability. (LAN users are not affected by
Inbound Filter Rules.)
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Advanced: Schedule
Add/Edit Schedule Rule
In this section you can add entries to the Schedule Rules List below or edit existing
entries.
Name
Give the schedule a name that is meaningful to you, such as "Weekday rule".
Day(s)
Place a checkmark in the boxes for the desired days or select the All Week radio button to
select all seven days of the week.
All Day - 24 hrs
Select this option if you want this schedule in effect all day for the selected day(s).
Start Time
If you don't use the All Day option, then you enter the time here. The start time is entered in
two fields. The first box is for the hour and the second box is for the minute. Email events are
normally triggered only by the start time.
End Time
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The end time is entered in the same format as the start time. The hour in the first box and the
minutes in the second box. The end time is used for most other rules, but is not normally used
for email events.
Clear
Re-initialize this area of the screen, discarding any changes you have made.
Schedule Rules List
This section shows the currently defined Schedule Rules. An entry can be changed by clicking
the Edit icon or can be deleted by clicking the Delete icon. When you click the Edit icon, the
item is highlighted, and the "Edit Schedule Rule" section is activated for editing.
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4.4 Administrator
Administrator: Management
Admin Password
Enter a password for the user "admin", who will have full access to the Web-based
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management interface.
Device Name
The name of the router can be changed here.
Enable Dynamic DNS
Enable this option only if you have purchased your own domain name and registered with a
dynamic DNS service provider. The following paramters are displayed when the option is
enabled.
Dynamic DNS Provider
Select a dynamic DNS service provider from the pull-down list.
Host Name
Enter your host name, fully qualified; for example: myhost.mydomain.net.
Account
Enter the account provided by your service provider. If the Dynamic DNS provider supplies
only a key, enter that key in all three fields.
Password
Enter the password provided by your service provider. If the Dynamic DNS provider supplies
only a key, enter that key in all three fields.
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Administrator: Setting Management
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Administrator: Time
Time Configuration
Current Router Time
Displays the time currently maintained by the router. If this is not correct, use the following
options to configure the time correctly.
Time Zone
Select your local time zone from pull down menu.
Automatic Time Configuration
Enable NTP Server
Select this option if you want to synchronize the router's clock to a Network Time Server over
the Internet. If you are using schedules or logs, this is the best way to ensure that the
schedules and logs are kept accurate.
Note that, even when NTP Server is enabled, you must still choose a time zone and set the
daylight saving parameters.
NTP Server Used
Select a Network Time Server for synchronization. You can type in the address of a time server
or select one from the list. If you have trouble using one server, select another.
Set the Date and Time Manually
If you do not have the NTP Server option in effect, you can either manually set the time for
your router here.
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Administrator: Status
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