Vecima Networks WRM1151 2.4GHz 6 Channel DSSS Transceiver User Manual

Vecima Networks Inc. 2.4GHz 6 Channel DSSS Transceiver

Contents

Updated Manual

NCL1135 User ManualVersion 2.0
WaveRider Communications Inc.Software License AgreementThis is a legal agreement between you (either an individual or an entity) and WaveRider Communications Inc. for the useof WaveRider computer software, hereinafter the “LICENSED SOFTWARE”.By using the LICENSED SOFTWARE installed in this product, you acknowledge that you have read this licenseagreement, understand it, and agree to be bound by its terms. You further agree that it is the full and completeagreement between you and WaveRider Communications Inc., superseding all prior written or verbal agreements of anykind related to the LICENSED SOFTWARE. If you do not understand or do not agree to the terms of this agreement, youmust cease using the LICENSED SOFTWARE immediately.1 GRANT OF LICENSE—This License Agreement permits you to use one copy of the LICENSED SOFTWARE.2. COPYRIGHT—The LICENSED SOFTWARE is owned by WaveRider Communications Inc. and is protected by copyright laws and international treaty provisions; therefore, you must treat the LICENSED SOFTWARE like any other copyrighted material (e.g., a book or magazine). You may not copy the written materials accompanying the LICENSED SOFTWARE.3. OTHER RESTRICTIONS—You may not rent or lease the LICENSED SOFTWARE. You may not reverse engineer, decompile, or disassemble the LICENSED SOFTWARE.4. LIMITED WARRANTY—The LICENSED SOFTWARE is provided “as is” without any warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. The entire risk as to the quality and performance of the LICENSED SOFTWARE is with you, the licensee. If the LICENSED SOFTWARE is defective, you assume the risk and liability for the entire cost of all necessary repair, service, or correction.Some states/jurisdictions do not allow the exclusion of implied warranties, so the above exclusion may not apply to you. This warranty gives you specific legal rights, and you may have other rights, which vary from state/jurisdiction to state/jurisdiction.WaveRider Communications Inc. does not warrant that the functions contained in the LICENSED SOFTWARE will meet your requirements, or that the operation of the LICENSED SOFTWARE will be error-free or uninterrupted.5. NO OTHER WARRANTIES—To the maximum extent permitted by applicable law, WaveRider Communications Inc. disclaims all other warranties, either express or implied, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose, with regard to the LICENSED SOFTWARE and the accompanying written materials.6. NO LIABILITY FOR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES—To the maximum extent permitted by applicable law, in no event shall WaveRider Communications Inc. or its suppliers be liable for any damages whatsoever (including, without limitation, damages for loss of business profits, business interruption, loss of business information, or any other pecuniary loss) arising from the use of or inability to use the LICENSED SOFTWARE, even if WaveRider Communications Inc. has been advised of the possibility of such damages, or for any claim by any other party.Because some states/jurisdictions do not allow the exclusion or limitation of liability for consequential or incidental damages, the above limitation may not apply to you.In no event will WaveRider’s liability exceed the amount paid for the LICENSED SOFTWARE.
The following are trademarks or registered trademarks oftheir respective companies or organizations:Microsoft Internet Explorer/Microsoft CorporationNetscape/Netscape Communications Corporation© 2000 by WaveRider Communications Inc. All rightsreserved. This manual may not be reproduced by any meansin whole or in part without the express written permission ofWaveRider Communications Canada Inc.Version 2.0, July 2000
WarrantyIn the following warranty text, “WaveRider®” shall mean WaveRider Communications Inc.This WaveRider product is warranted against defects in material and workmanship for a period of one (1) year from thedate of purchase. This limited warranty extends only to the original purchaser. During this warranty period WaveRiderwill, at its option, either repair or replace products that prove to be defective.For warranty service or repair, the product must be returned to a service facility designated by WaveRider. Authorizationto return products must be obtained prior to shipment. The WaveRider RMA number must be on the shippingdocumentation so that the service facility will accept the product. The buyer shall pay all shipping charges to WaveRiderand WaveRider shall pay shipping charges to return the product to the buyer within Canada or the USA. For all othercountries, the buyer shall pay shipping charges as well as duties and taxes incurred in shipping products to or fromWaveRider.WaveRider warrants that the firmware designed by it for use with the unit will execute its programming instructions whenproperly installed on the unit. WaveRider does not warrant that the operation of the unit or firmware will be uninterruptedor error-free.Limitation of WarrantyThe foregoing warranty shall not apply to defects resulting from improper or inadequate maintenance by the buyer,buyer-supplied interfacing, unauthorized modification or misuse, operation outside the environmental specifications forthe product, or improper site preparation or maintenance or exposure to abnormal physical or electrical stress oraccident. No other warranty is expressed or implied. WaveRider specifically disclaims the implied warranties ofmerchantability and fitness for any particular purpose.No Liability for Consequential DamagesTo the maximum extent permitted by applicable law, in no event shall WaveRider or its suppliers be liable for anydamages whatsoever (including, without limitation, damages for loss of business profits, business interruption, loss ofbusiness information, or any other pecuniary loss) arising from the use of or inability to use the product, even ifWaveRider has been advised of the possibility of such damages, or for any claim by any other party.Because some states/jurisdictions do not allow the exclusion or limitation of liability for consequential or incidentaldamages, the above limitation may not apply to you.In no event will WaveRider’s liability exceed the amount paid for the product.Regulatory NoticesThis equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A Intentional Radiator, pursuant to Part15 of the FCC Regulations, and RSS-210 of the IC Regulations. These limits are intended to provide protection againstharmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial/business/industrial environment.This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordancewith the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guaranteethat interference will not occur in a particular installation.Any changes or modifications to equipment that are not expressly approved by the manufacturer may void the user’sauthority to operate the equipment. The NCL1135 contains no user-serviceable parts. Unauthorized opening of the unitvoids this warranty.
APCD–NC003–2.0A vContentsPreface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .ix1 NCL1135 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.2 Features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21.3 About Spread-Spectrum Radio Technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Network Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.1 Network Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.1.1 Point-to-Point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.1.2 Repeater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.1.3 Point-to-Multipoint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72.2 Bridging and Routing Network Configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82.2.1 Point-to-Multipoint Bridging Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82.2.2 Point-to-Multipoint Routing Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92.3 Planning an NCL1135 Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 Configuring the NCL1135 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113.1 Connecting and Initializing the NCL1135. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123.1.1 Changing the NCL1135 Password . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143.1.2 Setting the NCL1135 System Name . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153.1.3 Resetting an NCL1135 to Factory Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153.2 Configuring the NCL1135 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163.2.1 Setting the Radio Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163.2.2 Setting the IP Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183.2.3 Configuration Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19Setting RIP Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19Setting OSPF Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20Setting the DHCP Relay Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21Setting the SNMP Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22Setting the DNS Resolver Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233.3 Examples of Bridging and Routing Configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243.3.1 Point-to-Multipoint Bridging Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243.3.2 Point-to-Multipoint Routing Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 273.4 Updating an NCL1135 Using Remote Connections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 323.4.1 Establishing an FTP Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 323.4.2 Establishing a Telnet Session . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 334 Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 354.1 Performing a Ping Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355 Deploying the NCL1135 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 375.1 Optimizing Signal Strength . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
vi APCD–NC003–2.0A5.1.1 Running the Continuous Transmit (Tx) Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 375.1.2 Running the Continuous Receive (Rx) Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 395.1.3 Performing the Transmit/Receive Loopback Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 416 Operational Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 436.1 Displaying the Radio Packet Error Rate (PER) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 436.2 Displaying the Operational Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 466.2.1 Interface Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 466.2.2 IP Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 496.2.3 Radio Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 517 Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 537.1 Verifying NCL1135 Routing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 557.1.1 Verify the NCL1135 Routing Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55Appendix A NCL1135 Command-Line Syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57Appendix B Abbreviations and Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67Appendix C Operating Channel Frequencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73Appendix D NCL1135 Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75Appendix E Configuration Data Record . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
APCD–NC003–2.0A viiFiguresFigure 1 NCL1135 Network Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Figure 2 Point-to-Point Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Figure 3 Repeater Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Figure 4 Point-to-Multipoint Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Figure 5 Point-to-Multipoint Bridging Network Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8Figure 6 Point-to-Multipoint Routing Network Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9Figure 7 NCL1135 Configuration Planning Flowchart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Figure 8 NCL1135 Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12Figure 9 Console Port Pin-out Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Figure 10 Example Point-to-Multipoint Bridging Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24Figure 11 Example Point-to-Multipoint Routing Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
viii APCD–NC003–2.0ATablesTable 1 Radio Packet Error Rate Assessment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45Table 2 Interface Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48Table 3 IP Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50Table 4 Radio Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51Table 5 Common Problems and Solutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53Table 6 NCL1135 Command-Line Syntax Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57Table 7 Command-Line Shortcuts and Getting Help . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58Table 8 NCL1135 Command-line Syntax Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58Table 9 Acronyms and Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67Table 10 NCL1135 Network Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70Table 11 Radio Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75Table 12 Ethernet Interface Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76Table 13 Power Supply Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76Table 14 Environmental Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
APCD–NC003–2.0A ixPrefaceAbout this ManualWaveRider recommends that you read the following sections before you install and operate the NCL1135:•Software License Agreement on page ii•Warranty on page iv•Regulatory Notices on page x•Warnings and Advisories on page xiiiThis NCL1135 User Manual provides you with information necessary for planning, installing, and operating an NCL1135-based system. The information has been organized in the following sections:Chapter 1 Provides an overview of the NCL1135 and the spread-spectrum radio technology.Chapter 2 Describes some typical configurations and provides a flowchart to assist you in planning your network.Chapter 3 Provides the procedures to set up and configure the NCL1135.Chapter 4 Describes a ping test that confirms the NCL1135 is configured and ready to be deployed.Chapter 5 Provides three tests useful when deploying an NCL1135.Chapter 6 Describes how to obtain the NCL1135 operational statistics. Chapter 7 Lists typical NCL1135 problems, possible causes, and solutions.Appendix A Lists all commands available for the NCL1135.Appendix B Provides a list of acronyms and abbreviations and a list of the NCL1135 wireless network terminology used in this manual.Appendix C Lists the channel frequency set for each WaveRider regulatory domain.Appendix D Provides the NCL1135 technical specifications.Appendix E Contains a form that you can use to record the configuration information.NOTE: The information contained in this manual is subject to change without notice.
xAPCD–NC003–2.0ARegulatory NoticesIndustry CanadaThe NCL1135 complies with IC RSS–210.Operators must be familiar with IC RSS–210 and RSS–102. The IC certification number for the NCL1135 is 32251021662A.WARNING!To prevent radio interference to the licensed service, this device isintended to be operated indoors and away from windows to providemaximum shielding. Equipment (or its transmit antenna) that isinstalled outdoors is subject to licensing.Federal Communications CommissionThe NCL1135 complies with FCC Part 15 Regulations.The FCC ID for the NCL1135 is OOX-NCL1100. The transmitter of this device complies with Part 15.247 of the FCC Rules.WARNING!Operators must be familiar with the requirements of the FCCPart 15 Regulations prior to operating any link using thisequipment. For installations outside the United States, contactlocal authorities for applicable regulations.Interference Environment Manufacturers and operators of spread-spectrum devices are reminded that the operation of these devices is subject to the conditions that:•Any received interference, including interference from industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) operations, must be accepted; and•These devices are not permitted to cause harmful interference to other radio services. If the operation of these systems does cause harmful interference, the operator of the spread-spectrum system must correct the interference problem, even if such correction requires the Part 15 transmitter to cease operation. The FCC does not exempt spread-spectrum devices from this latter requirement regardless of the application. The FCC strongly recommends that utilities, cellular stations, public safety services, government agencies, and others that provide
APCD–NC003–2.0A xicritical communication services exercise due caution to determine if there are any nearby radio services that can be affected by their communications. Operational RequirementsIn accordance with the FCC Part 15 regulations: 1. The maximum peak power output of the intentional radiator shall not exceed one (1) watt for all spread-spectrum systems operating in the 2.4000-2.4835 GHz band. 2. Systems operating in the 2.4000-2.4835 GHz band that are used exclusively for fixed, point-to-point operations may employ transmitting antennas with directional gain greater than 6 dBi, provided the maximum peak output power of the intentional radiator is reduced by 1 dB for every 3 dB that the directional gain of the antenna exceeds 6 dBi. 3. Stations operating in the 2.400-2.4835 GHz band that are used for fixed, point-to-multipoint operations may use transmitting antennas of directional gain greater that 6 dBi, provided the peak output power from the intentional radiator is reduced by the amount in dB that the directional gain of the antenna exceeds 6 dBi. 4. Fixed, point-to-point operation, as used in Point 2, excludes the use of point-to-multipoint systems, omni-directional applications, and multiple co-located intentional radiators transmitting the same information. The operator of the spread-spectrum intentional radiator or, if the equipment is professionally installed, the installer is responsible for ensuring that the system is used exclusively for fixed, point-to-point operations. 5. The operator of a spread-spectrum system is responsible for ensuring that the system is operated in the manner outlined in Interference Environment on page x and Operational Requirements on page xii.
xii APCD–NC003–2.0AWarnings and AdvisoriesGeneral AdvisoryOperator and maintenance personnel must be familiar with the related safety requirements before they attempt to install or operate the NCL1135 equipment.It is the responsibility of the operator to ensure that the public is not exposed to excessive Radio Frequency (RF) levels. The applicable regulations can be obtained from local authorities. WARNING!This system must be professionally installed. Antennas andassociated transmission cable must be installed by qualifiedpersonnel. WaveRider assumes no liability for failure to adhereto this recommendation or to recognized general safetyprecautions.WARNING!To comply with FCC RF exposure limits, the antenna for thistransmitter must be fix-mounted on outdoor permanentstructures to provide a separation distance of 32 cm (12 inches)or more from all persons to satisfy RF exposure requirements.The distance is measured from the front of the antenna and thehuman body. It is recommended that the antenna be installed ina location with minimal pathway disruption by nearby personnel.WARNING!Do not operate the NCL1135 without connecting a 50-ohmtermination to the antenna port. This termination can be a50-ohm antenna or a 50-ohm resistive load capable of absorbingthe full RF output power of the transceiver. Failure to terminatethe antenna port properly may cause permanent damage to theNCL1135.
APCD–NC003–2.0A xiiiCustomer SupportIf you have any problems with the hardware or software, please contact WaveRider Communications Inc. Please provide your NCL1135 Model number and software version when you request support.WaveRider offers a complete training program. Please contact your sales representative for training information.Telephone: +1 416–502–3161Fax: +1 416–502–2968Email: techsupport@waverider.comURL: www.waverider.com
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APCD–NC003–2.0A 11 NCL1135 Overview1.1 IntroductionThe NCL1135 is an intelligent, wireless Internet Protocol (IP) bridge/router that provides high-capacity 2.4 GHz connections between local- and wide-area networks via broadband radio links. The NCL1135 uses direct-sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) techniques to provide secure communications and is completely network configurable.Figure 1 shows an NCL1135 point-to-point network and point-to-multipoint network.Figure 1 NCL1135 Network ExamplesNetworkNCL1135(Station)Point-to-Point Network:One Master and oneStationEthernetNCL1135(Master)NetworkNCL1135(Station)Point-to-Multipoint Network:Up to 20 Stations per MasterNCL1135(Station)EthernetNCL1135(Master)
1 NCL1135 Overview2APCD–NC003–2.0AThe NCL1135 is used to extend Ethernet networks, access the Internet at high speed, connect remote locations, and perform general data networking without the ongoing costs of leased telephone or data lines. 1.2 Features•Flexible deployment—WaveRider’s NCL1135 can operate as either a bridge or router. In routing mode, the NCL1135 can be set up to use dynamic communications strategies such as the Routing Information Protocol (RIP), Dynamic Host Control Protocol (DHCP), and Open Shortest Path First (OSPF).•Ethernet compatibility—WaveRider’s NCL1135 allows users to connect with most Ethernet networks or devices.•Microprocessor-controlled signal processing—All functions of WaveRider’s spread-spectrum transceiver are controlled through the integration of a powerful microprocessor. •Architectural flexibility—WaveRider’s NCL1135 can be set up as a separate point-to-point links, or in a mulitipoint configuration in which a single NCL1135 operating in “master” mode can deliver data to and receive data from a maximum of 20 NCL1135 devices operating in “station” mode. •User-configurable and -customizable monitoring—WaveRider’s NCL1135 operating system supports Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP), which allows for continual status monitoring of any NCL1135 in your network, and remote upgrading.•Low interference—WaveRider’s implementation of Direct Sequence Spread-Spectrum (DSSS) technology transmits signal information over a wide channel bandwidth, which reduces the potential for interference with neighboring communications systems. WaveRider’s NCL1135 design permits three master units to operate in close proximity without interfering with each other. For example, three master units supporting 20 station units apiece can operate in close proximity, thus providing 60 end-user links.•Software-enabled feature sets—WaveRider offers NCL1135 users an easy, customizable upgrade path through software-enabled feature optioning.
1 NCL1135 Overview APCD–NC003–2.0A 31.3 About Spread-Spectrum Radio TechnologySpread-spectrum communications systems differ from conventional narrowband communications systems because they use a much larger transmission bandwidth to send the same amount of information. There are two primary forms of spread spectrum—direct sequence and frequency hopping. The NCL1135 uses direct-sequence spread-spectrum (DSSS). In DSSS systems, the transmitted information, along with a digital spreading sequence, are used to modulate the transmit carrier. The received signal is de-spread using the same digital spreading sequence, and the information recovered.Although spread spectrum appears complex and uses a wider bandwidth, DSSS offers the following advantages for its use:•Reduced power spectral density—Spreading over a wider bandwidth reduces the spectral density (power per Hz of bandwidth) of the transmitted signal, allowing simultaneous operation of many spread spectrum systems in the same frequency band and geographic area. The reduced spectral density also allows you meet the regulatory emissions requirements in frequency bands such as the ISM band.•Transmission security—It is technologically more difficult to surreptitiously recover (or jam, in the case of military communications systems) spread-spectrum signals than it is to recover conventional narrowband signals.•Interference suppression—The same mechanism that de-spreads the desired signal in the receiver, also spreads undesired signals, which then appears to the receiver as lower levels of RF noise.For more information about spread spectrum communications, contact the WaveRider Customer Support Centre.
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APCD–NC003–2.0A 52 Network ConsiderationsThis section provides an overview of the network considerations that you should make before beginning to implement an NCL1135 network. These network considerations include the following:•configuration•mode: bridging or routing•planning2.1 Network Configuration The NCL1135 can be deployed in three different network configurations:•point-to-point•repeater•point-to-multipointBefore deploying the system, you must determine the required network topology.
2 Network Considerations6APCD–NC003–2.0A2.1.1 Point-to-Point In a typical point-to-point application, shown in Figure 2, unit A communicates directly with unit B. You can implement the link in either bridging or routing mode.Figure 2 Point-to-Point Application 2.1.2 Repeater You can set up a repeater by using two NCL1135 units back-to-back. In the configuration shown in Figure 3, unit A communicates with unit B via the back-to-back NCL1135 repeater configuration of units C and D. You must use different frequencies for each leg of the path. Use this configuration to circumvent large obstacles in the radio link path, or when the link from unit A to unit B is too long to provide reasonable signal levels and data throughput. Figure 3 Repeater ApplicationIn this configuration, the effective data throughput from unit A to unit B is the same as the lessor data throughput from unit A to unit C or unit D to unit B. That is, the throughput through a series of links will be that of the slowest link.You can implement this configuration in either bridging or routing mode.NCL1135 NCL1135ABEthernet EthernetRadioBNCL1135Ethernet Radio Ethernet EthernetRadioACDNCL1135 NCL1135 NCL1135
2 Network Considerations APCD–NC003–2.0A 72.1.3 Point-to-MultipointFigure 4 shows an example point-to-multipoint configuration. The master, unit A, sends and receives messages to and from NCL1135 stations. In this configuration, the throughput of unit A is shared among the stations. Although stations may receive communications from other stations, because of RF propagation conditions, the stations are programmed to accept messages only from their designated master. Figure 4 Point-to-Multipoint ApplicationRadioEthernetCNCL1135EthernetBNCL1135DEthernetNCL1135ENCL1135EthernetEthernetANCL1135
2 Network Considerations8APCD–NC003–2.0A2.2 Bridging and Routing Network Configurations2.2.1 Point-to-Multipoint Bridging NetworkIn a point-to-multipoint network configuration, each NCL1135 must be configured as either a bridge or router, not a mix of both operational modes. Figure 5 shows the configuration of a typical point-to-multipoint bridging network.Figure 5 Point-to-Multipoint Bridging Network ExampleIn Figure 5, unit A is configured as the network master and units B, C, and D as stations. Units B, C, and D unit IDs must be manually added to the Remote Station List for unit A. The Master ID on each station is set to the unit ID for Unit A. If a unit is not in the Master Remote Station List and does not have the Master ID set to the unit ID for unit A, it will not be able to join the network. EthernetNCL1135CEthernetNCL1135BEthernetNCL1135DEthernet RadioNCL1135AType: StationUnit ID: 103Radio Channel: 1Mode: BridgingIP Address - Ethernet: 10.0.2.103Master ID: 1001Type: StationUnit ID: 102Radio Channel: 1Mode: BridgingIP Address - Ethernet: 10.0.2.102Master ID: 1001Type: StationUnit ID: 101Radio Channel: 1Mode: BridgingIP Address - Ethernet: 10.0.2.101Master ID: 1001Type: MasterUnit ID: 1001Radio Channel: 1Mode: BridgingIP Address - Ethernet: 10.0.2.44Remote Station List: 101102103
2 Network Considerations APCD–NC003–2.0A 92.2.2 Point-to-Multipoint Routing NetworkFigure 6 shows the configuration of a typical point-to-multipoint routing network.Figure 6 Point-to-Multipoint Routing Network ExampleEthernetNCL1135CEthernetNCL1135BEthernetNCL1135DEthernet RadioNCL1135AType: StationUnit ID: 103Radio Channel: 1Mode: RoutingIP Address - Ethernet: 13.0.2.103- Radio: 10.0.2.103Master ID: 1001Type: StationUnit ID: 102Radio Channel: 1Mode: RoutingIP Address - Ethernet: 12.0.2.102- Radio: 10.0.2.102Master ID: 1001Type: StationUnit ID: 101Radio Channel: 1Mode: RoutingIP Address - Ethernet: 11.0.2.101- Radio: 10.0.2.101Master ID: 1001Type: MasterUnit ID: 1001Radio Channel: 1Mode: RoutingIP Address - Ethernet: 14.0.2.44- Radio: 10.0.2.44Remote Station List: 101102103
2 Network Considerations10 APCD–NC003–2.0A2.3 Planning an NCL1135 ConfigurationConfiguring each NCL1135 correctly is crucial to the proper operation of your network. Review the flowchart in Figure 7 before starting the configuration to ensure that you have the necessary information to configure the unit correctly. Record your configuration options for each unit on a configuration record similar to the one provided in Appendix E. Use the Configuration Data Record to help you plan your network and keep track of NCL1135 network assignments.Figure 7 NCL1135 Configuration Planning FlowchartStart NCL1135ConfigurationDetermine IP address andsubnet mask for EthernetinterfaceBridging orRouting?Determine IP addressand subnet mask forradio interface(Optional)Determine SNMPconfigurationDetermine static routes(Optional)Determine DNS serverconfigurationEnd NCL1135ConfigurationRoutingBridgeIP Configuration(Optional)Determine DHCP Relayconfiguration(Optional)Determine static routesMaster orStation?Determine radiochannelDetermine unit IDDetermine stationunit IDs forRemote StationListDetermine masterunit IDStationMasterRadio Configuration(Optional)Determine RIPconfiguration
APCD–NC003–2.0A 113 Configuring the NCL1135This section describes the steps required to initialize and configure the NCL1135 for use as either a bridge or router, including the options available for routing and system monitoring. NCL1135 users can perform these steps three ways:•Telenet command line interface (CLI)•Windows 95/98 graphical user interface (GUI)•Internet Explorer/Netscape Communicator web browserBefore you begin these procedures, you should become familiar with the conventions used to display the command-line syntax used in this manual. See NCL1135 Command-Line Syntax Conventions on page 57. Table 7 on page 58 defines the keyboard shortcuts for entering commands and requesting help. NOTE: The following section describes the procedures for configuring the NCL1135 via Telnet CLI. To download the Windows 95/98 GUI application, or more information on configuring the NCL1135 via web browser, visit WaveRider’s website at:<http://www.waverider.com/techsupport/index.html>.
3 Configuring the NCL113512 APCD–NC003–2.0A3.1 Connecting and Initializing the NCL1135WARNING!Antennas and associated transmission cable must be installedby qualified personnel. Failure to terminate the antenna portcorrectly can permanently damage the NCL1135. WaveRiderassumes no liability for failure to adhere to this recommendationor to recognized general safety precautions. 1. Attach the antenna or a 50-ohm load to the antenna connection on the back of the NCL1135. Do NOT plug the NCL1135 to the power outlet until you have the antenna or load connected.NOTE: The NCL1135 is factory preset with the radio transmission capabilities disabled to prevent equipment damage. However, as a general precaution, WaveRider recommends that you always connect the antenna or load before connecting to a power source.Figure 8 NCL1135 Connections 2. Use an RS-232 crossover cable to connect a terminal to the DB9 port. NOTE: You can use any ASCII terminal to access the NCL1135, such as a single-function terminal or a computer running terminal- Ethernet Link LED10BaseTx Ethernet Connector (RJ-45)Antenna Connector (Reverse-Polarity SMA)RS-232 Connector (DB9 console portRS-232 Connector (DB9 console portPower LEDPower Supply
3 Configuring the NCL1135 APCD–NC003–2.0A 13emulation software. Figure 9 illustrates the pin-out for the console port.Figure 9 Console Port Pin-out Diagram 3. If you are using a terminal-emulation package, such as HyperTerminal, start the application. 4. In the terminal-emulation application, select the communications port that you are using to connect to the NCL1135. 5. Configure the application using the following settings:•9600 bps•8 data bits•no parity•1 stop bit•no flow control 6. Plug the NCL1135 into a 110 or 220 V AC power source using the power cord provided with the unit. The NCL1135 begins an initialization sequence displaying progress messages on the terminal screen. When it completes initialization, it displays a message to indicate that the system is operational and the PASSWORD: prompt appears. 7. At the PASSWORD: prompt, press ENTER. The NCL1135 comes factory-configured with no password. 8. Change the password for the NCL1135 by following the instructions in Changing the NCL1135 Password, on page 14. 9. Change the system name in the NCL1135 as described in Setting the NCL1135 System Name, on page 15. 10. If the NCL1135 had been configured for use elsewhere in your network, reset the unit by following the instructions is Resetting an NCL1135 to Factory Settings, on page 15. If the NCL1135 is a factory-configured unit, you can omit this step.The NCL1135 is now ready to be configured for your network. DB9 Male DTE ConfigurationPin 2 Rx linePin 3 Tx linePin 5 Ground986754321
3 Configuring the NCL113514 APCD–NC003–2.0A3.1.1 Changing the NCL1135 PasswordYou must be successfully connected and logged into the NCL1135. For security, we recommend that you set the password for each unit in your network to a unique password and that you record the password on the Configuration Data Record for the group. Refer to Appendix E for a copy of the NCL1135 Network Group Configuration Data Record. 1. At the NCL1135> prompt, type <system password>. 2. At the Enter Current Password: prompt, type the old password. 3. At the Enter New Password: prompt, type the new password.TIP: Use a maximum of sixteen (16) alphanumeric, ASCII characters. Passwords are case-sensitive. For example, “abc” is not the same as “aBc”. 4. At the Verify password: prompt, type the new password again.The system will display a message that your password has been successfully changed. 5. Type <write> or <save> to save the settings to memory. Your session to change the password may be similar to the following example session: NCL1135> system passwordEnter Current Password: *******Enter New Password: ****Verify password: ****System password has been changed.NCL1135>CAUTION: Remember to record the password in your Data Configuration Record. Unlocking the NCL1135 can be a complicated process. If you have forgotten the password, contact the WaveRider Customer Support Centre for assistance.
3 Configuring the NCL1135 APCD–NC003–2.0A 153.1.2 Setting the NCL1135 System NameYou must be successfully connected and logged into the NCL1135. 1. At the NCL1135> prompt, type <system name your_system_name> to name the NCL1135 in your system.TIP: We recommend that you use a system name that uniquely identifies the unit. You can use a name based on its location, its purpose, or a combination of both. For example, a system name, Station_firehall identifies the NCL1135 configured as a Station and located at the firehall. The session to change the system name from NCL1135 to Station_firehall would look like this:NCL1135> system name Station_firehallSystem name changed to: Station_firehallStation_firehall> 2. Type <write> or <save> to save the settings to memory. NOTE: In this User Manual, the command-line prompt will always be shown as NCL1135>.3.1.3 Resetting an NCL1135 to Factory SettingsIf the NCL1135 is a factory-configured unit, the following procedure does not need to be performed. Use this procedure if the NCL1135 had been previously configured for use elsewhere in your network and you would like to prepare it for another location and use. 1. Connect the NCL1135 to a terminal or terminal-emulation software and at the NCL1135> prompt, type <write erase> to reset the unit to its factory-default settings. 2. Type <reboot> for the unit to recognize the factory-default settings.
3 Configuring the NCL113516 APCD–NC003–2.0A3.2 Configuring the NCL1135The procedures to configure the NCL1135 using a command-line interface are divided into two main sections: •Radio configuration — see Setting the Radio Configuration on page 16•IP configuration — see Setting the IP Configuration on page 18You can also configure the NCL1135 with the following options:•Routing Information Protocol (RIP)—see Setting RIP Configuration on page 19•Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)—see Setting OSPF Configuration on page 20•Dynamic Host Control Protocol (DHCP) Relay—see Setting the DHCP Relay Configuration on page 21•Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)—see Setting the SNMP Configuration on page 22•Domain Name Server (DNS) Resolver—see Setting the DNS Resolver Configuration on page 233.2.1 Setting the Radio ConfigurationBefore setting the radio configuration parameters, ensure that the NCL1135 has been connected to a terminal and initialized as described in Connecting and Initializing the NCL1135, on page 12 and you have changed the password as described in Changing the NCL1135 Password, on page 14. WARNING!Antennas and associated transmission cable must be installedby qualified personnel. Failure to terminate the antenna portcorrectly can permanently damage the NCL1135. WaveRiderassumes no liability for failure to adhere to this recommendationor to recognized general safety precautions. 1. Determine the radio channel for the network. See Appendix C for a list of operating frequencies. 2. At the NCL1135> prompt, type <radio channel channel> to set the radio channel for the NCL1135 where channel is the number of the network radio channel on which it will be operating. 3. Determine the unit IDs for the Master and Stations for this NCL1135 network group. The unit ID is a unique number, from 1 to 16383, that is used to identify the NCL1135 within the network group. 4. At the NCL1135> prompt, type <radio unitid unit_id> to set the NCL1135 unit ID.
3 Configuring the NCL1135 APCD–NC003–2.0A 17 5. Set the NCL1135 as a Master or Station. To set the NCL1135 as a Master, type <radio type master>. To set the NCL1135 as a Station, type <radio type station>. 6. If the NCL1135 is a Master, add the unit IDs for the Stations that are configured for this network group. At the NCL1135> prompt, type <radio station add station_unitid> where station_unitid is the unit ID for a Station. NOTE: To remove a Station from the Remote Station List, type <radio station del station_unitid> where station_unitid is the unit ID for the Station you want removed. 7. Repeat step 6 for each Station that you want to add to the Remote Station List for the Master NCL1135. A maximum of 20 Stations can be added to one Master. 8. If the NCL1135 is a Station, add the Master unit ID for the network group. At the NCL1135> prompt, type <radio masterID master_unitid> where master_unitid is the unit ID for Master NCL1135 in the network group. 9. At the NCL1135> prompt, type <write> to save the settings to memory.TIP: To display a list of Stations associated with a Master NCL1135, type <radio station> at the NCL1135> prompt.
3 Configuring the NCL113518 APCD–NC003–2.0A3.2.2 Setting the IP ConfigurationEnsure that the NCL1135 has been connected to a terminal and initialized as described in Connecting and Initializing the NCL1135, on page 12 and you have changed the password as described in Changing the NCL1135 Password, on page 14. Complete the radio configuration as described in Setting the IP Configuration, on page 18 before configuring the IP configuration options. 1. At the NCL1135> prompt, type <ip address ethernet aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd nn> to set the IP address for the Ethernet interface. aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd is the IP address of the NCL1135 and nn is the number of bits in the subnet mask (for example, 24 represents a subnet mask of 255.255.255.0). 2. At the NCL1135> prompt, type <mode bridging> or <mode routing> to set the forwarding mode. 3. If the mode is set to bridging in Step 2, omit this step. If the mode is routing, type <ip address radio remote_unit_id aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd eee.fff.ggg.hhh> to set the IP address for the radio interface to the remote unit. aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd is the IP address for the local unit and eee.fff.ggg.hhh is the IP address for the remote unit. NOTE: If you change the radio IP address for a Station at a later time, remember to update the Master with the new Station IP address. If you change the radio IP address for a Master at a later time, remember to update each Station in the Remote Station List with the new remote IP address for the Master. 4. For a Master unit, repeat step 3 for every Station in the group. For a Station unit, you only need to enter the remote unit IP address for the Master. 5. You can optionally add a maximum of 256 static routes for the NCL1135. At the NCL1135> prompt, type <ip route add aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd eee.fff.ggg.hhh subnet_mask> where aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd is the IP address for the destination network, eee.fff.ggg.hhh is the IP address for the gateway, and subnet_mask is specified in the number of bits. 6. If the mode is routing and the NCL1135 is a Master, type <ip route add station_ethernet_subnet station_radio_ip_address subnet_mask> to route the Master subnet traffic to the Master. 7. If the mode is routing and the NCL1135 is a Station, type <ip route add 0.0.0.0 master_radio_ip_address 0> to add a default static route to route all unknown subnets through the Master. 8. At the NCL1135> prompt, type <radio enable> to enable the NCL1135 to transmit messages. Ensure that the NCL1135 antenna port is terminated. 9. At the NCL1135> prompt, type <write> to save the settings to memory. 10. When done configuring the NCL1135, disconnect the terminal from the NCL1135.
3 Configuring the NCL1135 APCD–NC003–2.0A 193.2.3 Configuration OptionsThe NCL1135 provides users with the following configuration options:in Routing Mode•Routing Information Protocol (RIP)—see Setting RIP Configuration on page 19•Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)—see Setting OSPF Configuration on page 20•Dynamic Host Control Protocol (DHCP) Relay—see Setting the DHCP Relay Configuration on page 21for System Monitoring•Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)—see Setting the SNMP Configuration on page 22•Domain Name Server (DNS) Resolver—see Setting the DNS Resolver Configuration on page 23After completing these procedures, it is important to confirm that the configuration is correct before deploying the NCL1135 in the field. Refer to Chapter 4, Testing, on page 35.Two example configuration diagrams and sessions are provided in Examples of Bridging and Routing Configurations, on page 24: one for a point-to-multipoint bridging, and the second for a point-to multipoint routing network. Setting RIP ConfigurationWhen the NCL1135 is in Routing Mode, you can optionally enable the Routing Information Protocol (RIP) features. RIP is a protocol that runs between two routers (for example, two NCL1135s) or a route server in order toexchange information about routes. When RIP is active, RIP can be configured to “advertise” default routes or static routes.The NCL1135 supports both RIP version 1 and 2. RIP version 2 can be set as broadcast, compatible, or multicast. 1. At the NCL1135> prompt, type <ip routing rip> to enable RIP as the routing mode. 2. To transmit the route information in packets, type <ip rip active>. If RIP is set to quiet, it receives and processes RIP packets, but it does not transmit them. 3. Type <ip rip version> to display the current version of RIP. 4. If RIP is version 1, it is broadcast only. To change RIP routing to support version 2, type <ip rip version 2>. 5. If you set RIP to version 2, you can additionally specify how RIP handles packets.To do this.... Type...Send version 2 advertisements as broadcast. <ip rip broadcast>
3 Configuring the NCL113520 APCD–NC003–2.0A 6. To enable RIP to advertise the default route, if one exists, in the advertisement, type <ip rip default>.To send RIP to advertise static routes, as well as all other RIP information, type <ip rip update>. noupdate sends all route information except static route information.Setting OSPF ConfigurationThe Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) routing protocol generates an IP network layer database and forwards that information to all other routers within the same network to determine the shortest path between nodes. OSPF is compatible with other routing protocols and does not affect packet content.OSPF routing decisions are based on a Link-State Algorithmn (or Advertisement), which allows faster delivery of packetized data, particularily within larger corporate and institutional intranetworks, because each router is aware of the set of links used by every other router, rather than only those of its adjacent router. In an OSPF-enabled environment, whenever a router becomes aware of another router on one of its attached subnetworks, it creates a logical link to that system, and treats it as a ‘neighbour’.Send more compatible version 1 broadcasts (intended for version 1 routers). <ip rip compatible>Disable RIP routing. <ip rip disable>Enable RIP routing. <ip rip enable>Send version 2 advertisements to RIP version 2 multicast addresses. This is generally more efficient than broadcast.<ip rip multicast>To do this.... Type...To do this.... Type...Display OSPF area configuration <ip ospf area>Add an OSPF area <ip ospf area add> <Area aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd>Delete an OSPF area <ip ospf area del><Area aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd>Disable OSPF protocol. <ip ospf disable>Enable OSPF protocol. <ip ospf enable>Configure interface parameters. <ip ospf interface><interface> <Area.aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd> <Cost 0-65535>
3 Configuring the NCL1135 APCD–NC003–2.0A 21Setting the DHCP Relay ConfigurationWhen the NCL1135 is in Routing mode, you can optionally enable Dynamic Host Control Protocol (DHCP) Relay which makes the NCL1135 aware of the protocol for DHCP traffic and forward the responses back to the designated DHCP Server. NOTE: DHCP Relay is transparent when the NCL1135 is in bridging mode and, therefore, is not available in that mode.You can configure a maximum of five DHCP servers in the NCL1135 configuration. 1. At the NCL1135> prompt, type <dhcp mode relay> to enable DHCP Relay in the device. 2. To add a DHCP server, type <dhcp relay add ip_address> where ip_address is the IP Address for the DHCP Server available for the NCL1135 to forward and receive DHCP traffic. 3. At the NCL1135> prompt, type <write> to save the settings to memory.NOTE: To remove a DHCP server, type <dhcp relay delete ip_address>. To disable DHCP Relay, type <dhcp mode none>.
3 Configuring the NCL113522 APCD–NC003–2.0ASetting the SNMP ConfigurationSNMP enables a network management station to monitor, control, and remotely configure network devices called agents. SNMP allows you to look at SNMP variables using READ communities, and to set SNMP variables using WRITE communities. Communities are optional on the NCL1135, but it can support a maximum of five communities. An NCL1135 comes factory-configured with two communities, a READ community called public and a WRITE community called private.SNMP also provides a mechanism called trap, which notifies a network management station that a significant event took place. A significant event can be an interface going down or coming up, a unit performing a cold or warm start, or an authentication failure. Refer to RFC 1157 for details.Associated with SNMP are Management Information Bases (MIBs). These specify a collection of management information available from the agent. This information can be controlled and monitored from a network management station. The NCL1135 implements SNMPv2c and includes a number of standard SNMP MIBs:•RFC1157 (MIB-Il)•RFC1493 (bridging)•an NCL1135-specific MIBWaveRider MIBs can be downloaded from the technical support page at www.waverider.com. The following procedure describes how to configure standard SNMP communities for read/write access to the NCL1135 SNMP agent and to specify a server IP address to which trap messages are sent. 1. At the NCL1135> prompt, type <snmp> to display the current SNMP settings for the NCL1135. 2. To add a new community, type <snmp community add community READ|WRITE> where community is the name of the community and READ|WRITE is the community type. You can have a maximum of five communities. 3. If a community is not set up the way you want it, delete it by typing <snmp community del community READ|WRITE> where community is the name of the community and READ|WRITE is the community type. 4. At the NCL1135> prompt, type <snmp location location> to change the geographical location of the NCL1135. 5. Type <snmp contact contact> to change the contact name for the NCL1135. The contact can be a name and phone number, a URL, or an email address. 6. To add a trap server to the NCL1135 configuration, type <snmp trap add aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd community> where aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd is the IP address of the trap server and community is the name of the community on the trap server. 7. To delete a trap server from the NCL1135 configuration, type <snmp trap del aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd community> where aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd is the IP address of the trap server and community is the name of the community on the trap server. 8. At the NCL1135> prompt, type <write> to save the settings to memory.
3 Configuring the NCL1135 APCD–NC003–2.0A 23Setting the DNS Resolver ConfigurationThe NCL1135 implements DNS resolver software. Once you configure the NCL1135, you can use host names instead of IP addresses when you make a Telnet connection from the NCL1135 console to other IP hosts on the network, or when you send ping messages to test connectivity. Adding DNS server lists is optional on the NCL1135, but you can configure the NCL1135 to use a maximum of five DNS servers. An NCL1135 comes factory-configured with no DNS servers in the list.You can also configure the NCL1135 with a domain name for your local IP network. The following procedure describes how to configure the NCL1135 to implement DNS resolver software and configure the NCL1135 domain name. Setting the DNS resolver configuration is optional. 1. At the NCL1135> prompt, type <ip dns> to display the current DNS setup used by the NCL1135. 2. To add a DNS Server, type <ip dns server add aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd> where aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd is the IP address of the DNS Server. 3. To delete a DNS Server, type <ip dns server del aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd> where aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd is the IP address of the DNS Server. 4. To set the domain name for your local IP network, type <ip dns domain domain_name> where domain_name is the name for your local IP network. 5. At the NCL1135> prompt, type <write> to save the settings to memory.
3 Configuring the NCL113524 APCD–NC003–2.0A3.3 Examples of Bridging and Routing ConfigurationsThe following two examples for a point-to-multipoint network configuration provide detailed diagrams for a bridging and routing configuration and the corresponding command-line sessions to configure the appropriate devices in the network. In a point-to-multipoint network configuration, all the NCL1135s in the network must be either configured as bridges or routers, not a mix of both operational modes.3.3.1 Point-to-Multipoint Bridging NetworkFigure 10 shows a configuration of a typical point-to-multipoint bridging network.Figure 10 Example Point-to-Multipoint Bridging NetworkIn Figure 10, unit A has been configured as the Master of the system with remote units B, C, and D configured as Stations. Units B, C, and D unit IDs have been manually added to the Master (unit A) Remote Station List. The Master unit ID on each Station is set to the unit ID for unit A. If a unit is not in the Master Remote Station List and does not have the Master unit ID set, it will not be able to join the network. The following example session shows how to configure the Master NCL1135 for the bridging network shown in Figure 10.EthernetNCL1135CEthernetNCL1135BEthernetNCL1135DEthernet RadioNCL1135AType: StationUnit ID: 103Radio Channel: 1Mode: BridgingIP Address - Ethernet: 10.0.2.103Master ID: 1001Type: StationUnit ID: 102Radio Channel: 1Mode: BridgingIP Address - Ethernet: 10.0.2.102Master ID: 1001Type: StationUnit ID: 101Radio Channel: 1Mode: BridgingIP Address - Ethernet: 10.0.2.101Master ID: 1001Type: MasterUnit ID: 1001Radio Channel: 1Mode: BridgingIP Address - Ethernet: 10.0.2.44Remote Station List: 101102103
3 Configuring the NCL1135 APCD–NC003–2.0A 25NCL1135>NCL1135> radio channel 1Radio channel changed to: 1NCL1135> radio unitid 1001Unit ID changed to: 1001NCL1135> radio type masterRadio type changed to: MasterNCL1135> radio station add 101Station added.NCL1135> radio station add 102Station added.NCL1135> radio station add 103Station added.NCL1135> radioRADIO CONFIGURATION:Radio type : MasterWireless ID : 1001Speed : 11MbsChannel : 1Regulatory Domain : FCC/ICFrequency : 2.412 GHzInterframe spacing: 32 (281.6 micro seconds)Hardware address : 00:90:27:CA:62:A3Network Card IRQ : 5NIC Base Address : 0x0d0000Remote Stations : 101 : 102 : 103NCL1135> ip address ethernet 10.0.2.44 16IP addresses: Ethernet: 10.0.2.44/16NCL1135> mode bridgingForwarding mode: BridgingNCL1135> ipForwarding Mode: BRIDGINGAddresses: Ethernet: 10.0.2.44/16Routing: IP Routing (Static Only)Routing Table:Destination Mask Gateway Flags Protocol Interface--------------------------------------------------------------------10.0.0.0 16 10.0.2.44 UC Local eeE010.0.2.44 0 10.0.2.44 UHL ICMP lo0127.0.0.1 0 127.0.0.1 UH Local lo0--------------------------------------------------------------------DNS Domain Name:DNS Servers:No DNS servers defined.NCL1135> writeSets the radio channelSets the NCL1135 unit IDSets the NCL1135 type to MasterAdds a station to the Master Remote Station ListDisplays the radio configuration informationChanges the local Ethernet IP addressSets the mode to bridgingDisplays the IP configuration informationSaves the configuration
3 Configuring the NCL113526 APCD–NC003–2.0AThe following example session shows how to configure Station B in Figure 10 to join the network. To configure the remaining Stations, use the same procedure, replacing the unit ID and IP address for each with the appropriate information for that Station.NCL1135>NCL1135> radio channel 1Radio channel changed to: 1NCL1135> radio unitid 101Unit ID changed to: 101NCL1135> radio type stationRadio type changed to: StationNCL1135> radio masterid 1001Master Id changed to: 1001NCL1135> ip address ethernet 10.0.2.101 16IP addresses: Ethernet: 10.0.2.101/16NCL1135> mode bridgingForwarding mode: BridgingNCL1135> radioRADIO CONFIGURATION:Radio type : StationWireless ID : 101Speed : 11MbsChannel : 1Regulatory Domain : FCC/ICFrequency : 2.412 GHzInterframe spacing: 32 (281.6 micro seconds)Hardware address : 00:90:27:CA:62:A3Network Card IRQ : 5NIC Base Address : 0x0d0000Master ID : 1001NCL1135> ipForwarding Mode: BRIDGINGAddresses: Ethernet: 10.0.2.101/16Routing: IP Routing (Static Only)Routing Table:Destination Mask Gateway Flags Protocol Interface--------------------------------------------------------------------10.0.0.0 16 10.0.2.101 UC Local eeE010.0.2.101 0 10.0.2.101 UHL ICMP lo0127.0.0.1 0 127.0.0.1 UH Local lo0--------------------------------------------------------------------DNS Domain Name:DNS Servers:No DNS servers defined.NCL1135> writeSets the NCL1135 type to StationIdentifies the unit ID of the Master for this Station
3 Configuring the NCL1135 APCD–NC003–2.0A 273.3.2 Point-to-Multipoint Routing NetworkFigure 11 shows a configuration of a typical point-to-multipoint routing network.Figure 11 Example Point-to-Multipoint Routing NetworkThe following example session shows how to configure the Master NCL1135 for the routing network shown in Figure 11.NCL1135>NCL1135> ip address ethernet 14.0.2.44 16IP addresses: Ethernet: 14.0.2.44/16NCL1135> mode routingForwarding mode: IP Routingncl1135> dhcpDHCP Disabledncl1135> dhcp mode relayDHCP Relay Enabledncl1135> dhcp relay add 10.0.1.44 DHCP Servers/Relay Agents: 10.0.1.44NCL1135> radio channel 1NCL1135> radio type masterRadio type changed to: MasterNCL1135> radio unitid 1001Unit ID changed to: 1001EthernetNCL1135CEthernetNCL1135BEthernetNCL1135DEthernet RadioNCL1135AType: StationUnit ID: 103Radio Channel: 1Mode: RoutingIP Address - Ethernet: 13.0.2.103- Radio: 10.0.2.103Master ID: 1001Type: StationUnit ID: 102Radio Channel: 1Mode: RoutingIP Address - Ethernet: 12.0.2.102- Radio: 10.0.2.102Master ID: 1001Type: StationUnit ID: 101Radio Channel: 1Mode: RoutingIP Address - Ethernet: 11.0.2.101- Radio: 10.0.2.101Master ID: 1001Type: MasterUnit ID: 1001Radio Channel: 1Mode: RoutingIP Address - Ethernet: 14.0.2.44- Radio: 10.0.2.44Remote Station List: 101102103Sets the mode to routingDHCP Relay is disabled by defaultEnable DHCP RelayAdd a DHCP Server to the DHCP Relay table
3 Configuring the NCL113528 APCD–NC003–2.0ANCL1135> radio station add 101Station added.NCL1135> radio station add 102Station added.NCL1135> radio station add 103Station added.NCL1135> ipForwarding Mode: IP ROUTINGAddresses: Ethernet: 14.0.2.44/16 Radio: 101, 10.0.2.44 p-t-p ? 102, 10.0.2.44 p-t-p ? 103, 10.0.2.44 p-t-p ?Routing: IP Routing (Static Only)Routing Table:Destination Mask Gateway Flags Protocol Interface--------------------------------------------------------------------14.0.2.44 0 14.0.2.44 UHL ICMP lo014.0.0.0 16 14.0.2.44 UC Local eeE0127.0.0.1 0 127.0.0.1 UH Local lo0--------------------------------------------------------------------DNS Domain Name:DNS Servers:No DNS servers defined.NCL1135> radioRADIO CONFIGURATION:Radio type : MasterWireless ID : 1001Speed : 11MbsChannel : 1Regulatory Domain : FCC/ICFrequency : 2.412 GHzInterframe spacing: 32 (281.6 micro seconds)Hardware address : 00:90:27:CA:62:A3Network Card IRQ : 5NIC Base Address : 0x0d0000Remote Stations : 101 : 102 : 103NCL1135> ip address radio 101 10.0.2.44 10.0.2.101IP addresses: Ethernet: 14.0.2.44/16 Radio: 101, 10.0.2.44 p-t-p 10.0.2.101 102, 10.0.2.44 p-t-p ? 103, 10.0.2.44 p-t-p ?NCL1135> ip address radio 102 10.0.2.44 10.0.2.102IP addresses: Ethernet: 14.0.2.44/16 Radio: 101, 10.0.2.44 p-t-p 10.0.2.101 102, 10.0.2.44 p-t-p 10.0.2.102 103, 10.0.2.44 p-t-p ?NCL1135> ip address radio 103 10.0.2.44 10.0.2.103IP addresses: Ethernet: 14.0.2.44/16 Radio: 101, 10.0.2.44 p-t-p 10.0.2.101 102, 10.0.2.44 p-t-p 10.0.2.102 103, 10.0.2.44 p-t-p 10.0.2.103Displays the IP configuration informationThe ? means that the IP address for the remote unit in the routing network has not been setSets the radio IP address for the route to station B (unit ID 101)Sets the radio IP address for the route to station C (unit ID 102)Sets the radio IP address for the route to station D (unit ID 103)
3 Configuring the NCL1135 APCD–NC003–2.0A 29NCL1135> ip route add 11.0.0.0 10.0.2.101 16Routing Table:Destination Mask Gateway Flags Protocol Interface--------------------------------------------------------------------14.0.2.44 0 14.0.2.44 UHL ICMP lo010.0.2.101 0 10.0.2.44 UHC Local mdr110.0.2.102 0 10.0.2.44 UHC Local mdr210.0.2.103 0 10.0.2.44 UHC Local mdr314.0.0.0 16 14.0.2.44 UC Local eeE011.0.0.0 16 10.0.2.101 UC Static mdr1127.0.0.1 0 127.0.0.1 UH Local lo0--------------------------------------------------------------------NCL1135> ip route add 12.0.0.0 10.0.2.102 16Routing Table:Destination Mask Gateway Flags Protocol Interface--------------------------------------------------------------------14.0.2.44 0 14.0.2.44 UHL ICMP lo010.0.2.101 0 10.0.2.44 UHC Local mdr110.0.2.102 0 10.0.2.44 UHC Local mdr210.0.2.103 0 10.0.2.44 UHC Local mdr314.0.0.0 16 14.0.2.44 UC Local eeE011.0.0.0 16 10.0.2.101 UC Static mdr112.0.0.0 16 10.0.2.102 UC Static mdr2127.0.0.1 0 127.0.0.1 UH Local lo0--------------------------------------------------------------------NCL1135> ip route add 13.0.0.0 10.0.2.103 16Routing Table:Destination Mask Gateway Flags Protocol Interface--------------------------------------------------------------------14.0.2.44 0 14.0.2.44 UHL ICMP lo010.0.2.101 0 10.0.2.44 UHC Local mdr110.0.2.102 0 10.0.2.44 UHC Local mdr210.0.2.103 0 10.0.2.44 UHC Local mdr314.0.0.0 16 14.0.2.44 UC Local eeE011.0.0.0 16 10.0.2.101 UC Static mdr112.0.0.0 16 10.0.2.102 UC Static mdr213.0.0.0 16 10.0.2.103 UC Static mdr3127.0.0.1 0 127.0.0.1 UH Local lo0--------------------------------------------------------------------NCL1135> ipForwarding Mode: IP ROUTINGAddresses: Ethernet: 14.0.2.44/16 Radio: 101, 10.0.2.44 p-t-p 10.0.2.101 102, 10.0.2.44 p-t-p 10.0.2.102 103, 10.0.2.44 p-t-p 10.0.2.103Routing: IP Routing (Static Only)Routing Table:Destination Mask Gateway Flags Protocol Interface--------------------------------------------------------------------14.0.2.44 0 14.0.2.44 UHL ICMP lo010.0.2.101 0 10.0.2.44 UHC Local mdr110.0.2.102 0 10.0.2.44 UHC Local mdr210.0.2.103 0 10.0.2.44 UHC Local mdr314.0.0.0 16 14.0.2.44 UC Local eeE011.0.0.0 16 10.0.2.101 UC Static mdr112.0.0.0 16 10.0.2.102 UC Static mdr213.0.0.0 16 10.0.2.103 UC Static mdr3127.0.0.1 0 127.0.0.1 UH Local lo0--------------------------------------------------------------------DNS Domain Name:For each Station, route the Ethernet subnet to the radio IP address of the StationNote the IP addresses for the remote Stations are now set
3 Configuring the NCL113530 APCD–NC003–2.0ADNS Servers:No DNS servers defined.NCL1135> writeThe following example session shows how to configure Station B in Figure 11 to join the routing network. To configure the remaining Stations, use the same procedure, replacing the unit ID for each Station with the appropriate ID for that Station.NCL1135> NCL1135> ip address ethernet 11.0.2.101 16IP addresses: Ethernet: 11.0.2.101/16 Radio: 200, 10.0.2.44 p-t-p ?ncl1135> dhcp mode relayDHCP Relay Enabledncl1135> dhcp relay add 10.0.1.44 DHCP Servers/Relay Agents: 10.0.1.44NCL1135> radio channel 1NCL1135> mode routingForwarding mode: IP RoutingNCL1135> radio type stationRadio type changed to: StationNCL1135> radio unitid 101Unit ID changed to: 101NCL1135> radio masterid 1001Master Id changed to: 1001NCL1135> ip address radio 1001 10.0.2.101 10.0.2.44IP addresses: Ethernet: 11.0.2.101/16 Radio: 1001, 10.0.2.101 p-t-p 10.0.2.44NCL1135> ip route add 0.0.0.0 10.0.2.44 16Routing Table:Destination Mask Gateway Flags Protocol Interface--------------------------------------------------------------------10.0.2.44 0 10.0.2.101 UHC Local mdr111.0.2.101 0 11.0.2.101 UHL ICMP lo011.0.0.0 16 11.0.2.101 UC Local eeE00.0.0.0 0 10.0.2.44 UC Static mdr1127.0.0.1 0 127.0.0.1 UH Local lo0--------------------------------------------------------------------NCL1135> radioRADIO CONFIGURATION:Radio type : StationWireless ID : 101Speed : 11MbsChannel : 4Regulatory Domain : FCC/ICFrequency : 2.412 GHzInterframe spacing: 32 (281.6 micro seconds)Hardware address : 00:90:27:CA:62:A3Enable DHCP RelayAdd a DHCP Server to the DHCP Relay tableSet the radio channelSets the radio IP address for the route to the Master NCL1135Sets the default static route
3 Configuring the NCL1135 APCD–NC003–2.0A 31Network Card IRQ : 5NIC Base Address : 0x0d0000Master ID : 1001NCL1135> ipForwarding Mode: IP ROUTINGAddresses: Ethernet: 11.0.2.101/16 Radio: 1001, 10.0.2.101 p-t-p 10.0.2.44Routing: IP Routing (Static Only)Routing Table:Destination Mask Gateway Flags Protocol Interface--------------------------------------------------------------------10.0.2.44 0 10.0.2.101 UHC Local mdr111.0.2.101 0 11.0.2.101 UHL ICMP lo011.0.0.0 16 11.0.2.101 UC Local eeE00.0.0.0 0 10.0.2.44 UC Static mdr1127.0.0.1 0 127.0.0.1 UH Local lo0--------------------------------------------------------------------DNS Domain Name:DNS Servers:No DNS servers defined.
3 Configuring the NCL113532 APCD–NC003–2.0A3.4 Updating an NCL1135 Using Remote ConnectionsThe NCL1135 allows you to connect to it remotely using any of the following methods:•FTP•TelnetIn order to remotely access an NCL1135, you will need the following information:•IP address for the NCL1135•NCL1135 Password (Refer to the Configuration Data Record for the NCL1135.)NOTE: If your network has a firewall, you will only be able to access the NCL1135 from within the network. Before attempting to configure the NCL1135 using a remote connection, you should be familiar with the configuration procedures described in Configuring the NCL1135, on page 16.3.4.1 Establishing an FTP ConnectionUse an FTP session to upload firmware upgrades to the NCL1135. Specific instructions to upgrade firmware will be provided with each new release.NOTE: The following procedure assumes that you are using a basic command-line FTP application. 1. From a computer or terminal, start an FTP session following the instructions for the FTP application you are using. 2. Log into the NCL1135. 3. At the User Name prompt, press ENTER. For FTP sessions, the User Name for the NCL1135 is blank. 4. At the Password prompt, type the NCL1135 password that you defined for the device.Refer to the Configuration Data Record for the NCL1135. 5. On the FTP client, change the Transfer Mode to binary (for example, type <binary>). 6. On the FTP client, put the file to the client (for example: type <put filename.exe filename.exe>). The file transfer will take a few minutes to complete. 7. After the confirmation message is received, quit the FTP session (for example, type <quit>).NOTE: Once finished with the FTP session, you will need to follow up with a Telnet session to reboot the NCL1135 for the upgrade to take effect.
3 Configuring the NCL1135 APCD–NC003–2.0A 333.4.2 Establishing a Telnet SessionUse a Telnet connection to the NCL1135 to modify configuration parameters or to restart the NCL1135 from a remote location. CAUTION: If you connect to the NCL1135 using Telnet and change the radio or Ethernet IP address, your connection to the device will be dropped. You will need to reconnect to the NCL1135 using the new IP address in order to save your changes to the device. When you use a local serial connection, this does not occur.You can use a standard Telnet application to connect to the NCL1135. 1. Start the Telnet application on your computer. 2. Use a remote system connection to connect to the IP address for the NCL1135. 3. At the Password prompt, type the NCL1135 password. The application opens a terminal-emulation screen. 4. Modify the configuration parameters as necessary. 5. When done, type <exit> to close the Telnet session.NOTE: If you perform a restart or reboot from a Telnet connection, the NCL1135 will drop your connection. You will need to reconnect to the NCL1135 after a restart.
3 Configuring the NCL1135 APCD–NC003–2.0A 34
APCD–NC003–2.0A 354 TestingTo test the NCL1135 configuration you will need at least two NCL1135s, one of which must be configured as a Master. Use the Ping Test to test the NCL1135s to verify that the NCL1135 have been configured correctly and that they are able to communicate with each other. 4.1 Performing a Ping Test 1. Set up the NCL1135s on either side of a room (at least 12 feet apart). 2. Ensure that each NCL1135 has an antenna connected to it. Do NOT plug the NCL1135 to the power outlet until you have an antenna connected.WARNING!Antennas and associated transmission cable must be installedby qualified personnel. Failure to terminate the antenna portcorrectly can permanently damage the NCL1135. WaveRiderassumes no liability for failure to adhere to this recommendationor to recognized general safety precautions. 3. Plug the NCL1135 back into the power source and at the terminal console keyboard, log into the NCL1135. 4. At the NCL1135> prompt, type <ip ping ip_address> where ip_address is the IP address for the other NCL1135. 5. Let the ip ping command run for approximately 10 seconds. Press any key to end the ip ping command. If the configuration is correct, you should get a response similar to the following:ncl1135>ncl1135> ip ping 10.0.2.52Press any key to stop.
4 Testing36 APCD–NC003–2.0APING 10.0.2.52: 56 data bytes64 bytes from 10.0.2.52: icmp_seq=0. time=0. ms64 bytes from 10.0.2.52: icmp_seq=1. time=30. ms64 bytes from 10.0.2.52: icmp_seq=2. time=0. ms64 bytes from 10.0.2.52: icmp_seq=3. time=0. ms64 bytes from 10.0.2.52: icmp_seq=4. time=0. ms64 bytes from 10.0.2.52: icmp_seq=5. time=0. ms64 bytes from 10.0.2.52: icmp_seq=6. time=0. ms----10.0.2.52 PING Statistics----7 packets transmitted, 7 packets received, 0% packet lossround-trip (ms) min/avg/max = 0/4/30ncl1135>If the connection does not work, you will receive the following message:ncl1135>ncl1135> ip ping 10.0.2.52Press any key to stop.PING 10.0.2.52: 56 data bytesno answer from 10.0.2.52ncl1135>You receive replies only if the link is operational. Refer to Chapter 7, Troubleshooting, on page 53 if the device does not respond.
APCD–NC003–2.0A 375 Deploying the NCL1135The following section describes tests that you can use to optimize the signal strength and align the NCL1135 antennas after they are set up and transmitting.NOTE: You cannot run more than one test at a time at a given unit.5.1 Optimizing Signal Strength5.1.1 Running the Continuous Transmit (Tx) TestThis test should only be used when setting up a Master and the first Station of a new network. The purpose of this test is to send a continuous stream of messages from an NCL1135 Master to a Station which receives and discards the messages, or to a spectrum analyzer for signal monitoring. The Radio Packet Error Rate (PER) is displayed at a Station receiving the Continuous Transmit messages and using that information, an installer aligns the antenna accordingly. Refer to Displaying the Radio Packet Error Rate (PER), on page 43 for more information.You will need one NCL1135 configured as a Master. At the other end of the link, you can have an NCL1135 Station or a spectrum analyzer. The following procedure describes the test for a Master NCL1135 and one Station NCL1135. If you are using a spectrum analyzer, adjust the antenna for maximum received signal.CAUTION: Do NOT run this test in a working network. Doing so will cause every device in the network to slow down.
5 Deploying the NCL113538 APCD–NC003–2.0A 1. Ensure that the NCL1135s (one Master and one Station) have been configured and tested. 2. Deploy the Master and Station connecting the antennas as required.WARNING!Antennas and associated transmission cable must be installedby qualified personnel. Failure to terminate the antenna portcorrectly can permanently damage the NCL1135. WaveRiderassumes no liability for failure to adhere to this recommendationor to recognized general safety precautions. 3. Connect a terminal at each NCL1135 using a serial cable and log into each device. 4. At the Master NCL1135 console terminal, type <radio txTest start> to begin the Continuous Transmit Test. “Radio Tx Test On” is displayed above the NCL1135> prompt when the test is running. 5. At the Station NCL1135 console terminal, type <radio per continuous> to begin displaying the Radio PER. Refer to Displaying the Radio Packet Error Rate (PER), on page 43 for more information. 6. Using the information from Radio PER, align the antenna at the NCL1135 Station so that the number of packets missed is at a minimum rate. 7. When done with the antenna alignment, stop the test at the Master NCL1135. Type <radio txTest stop>. 8. At the Station NCL1135, press any key to end the Radio PER output.NOTE: By default, a Master NCL1135 keeps track of the Radio PER of each Station. A Station does not track the Radio PER of another visible Station unless it is running the Continuous Receive test. Refer to Running the Continuous Receive (Rx) Test, on page 39. A Station does track the Radio PER of both direct and broadcast communication with the Master.The information received from Radio PER during the Continuous Transmit test will be similar to the following output. The following output is from a Station (unit ID 2) communicating with the Master (unit ID 1) that is running the Continuous Transmit test.station> radio per continuousUnit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- -------1 UP 2 0 0broadcast 5 0 0Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- -------1 UP 2 0 0broadcast 820 56 6
5 Deploying the NCL1135 APCD–NC003–2.0A 39Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- -------1 UP 2 0 0broadcast 1679 91 5Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- -------1 UP 2 0 0broadcast 2545 126 4Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- -------1 UP 2 0 0broadcast 3411 149 4station>5.1.2 Running the Continuous Receive (Rx) TestThe purpose of this test is to help you deploy an additional Station in an existing network without interrupting traffic to the currently active Stations in the network. The test is run from the new Station to “sniff” packets destined to every other Station (originated by the Master) in the system. The test is run simultaneously with Radio PER which displays the number of packets received and missed for each Station that is sniffed. This test can also be used at existing Stations to analyze throughput in a running system. 1. Ensure that the new Station NCL1135 has been configured and tested. 2. Deploy the Station and connect the antenna.WARNING!Antennas and associated transmission cable must be installedby qualified personnel. Failure to terminate the antenna portcorrectly can permanently damage the NCL1135. WaveRiderassumes no liability for failure to adhere to this recommendationor to recognized general safety precautions. 3. Connect a terminal at the Station NCL1135 using a serial cable and log into the device. 4. At the Station NCL1135, type <radio rxTest start> to begin “sniffing” the transmissions and automatically start the Radio PER display. “Continuous Rx test started” is displayed when the test is started.NOTE: If you stop the Radio PER display (press any key), you can restart the display by typing <radio per continuous>. Refer to Displaying the Radio Packet Error Rate (PER), on page 43 for more information.
5 Deploying the NCL113540 APCD–NC003–2.0A 5. Using the information from Radio PER, align the antenna at the NCL1135 Station so that the number of packets missed is at a minimum rate. 6. When done with the antenna alignment, press any key to stop the Radio PER display, then type <radio rxTest stop> to stop the test.NOTE: When the Continuous Receive test is stopped, the Master NCL1135 statistics, both direct and broadcast, remain in the Radio PER list and continue to be updated. If the Continuous Receive test is restarted, the statistics for the Master and broadcast will continue from where they left off. The Stations will start from zero again.The information received from Radio PER during the Continuous Receive test will be similar to the following output. The following output is from a Station (unit ID 2) communicating with the Master (unit ID 1) that is also transmitting to another Station (unit ID 3). station> radio rxtest startContinuous Rx test startedUnit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- -------1 UP 1 0 0broadcast 509 0 03 UP 1 0 0Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- -------1 UP 1 0 0broadcast 510 0 03 UP 1 0 0Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- -------1 UP 1 0 0broadcast 512 0 03 UP 1 0 0Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- -------1 UP 1 0 0broadcast 515 0 03 UP 1 0 0Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- -------1 UP 1 0 0broadcast 518 0 03 UP 1 0 0[Radio Rx Test On]station> radio rxtest stopstation>
5 Deploying the NCL1135 APCD–NC003–2.0A 415.1.3 Performing the Transmit/Receive Loopback TestThis test should only be used when setting up a new network. The purpose of this test is to ensure that the Master NCL1135 can “see” the Station. It also determines the quality of the links between Master and Station. The test originates at the Master NCL1135, repeatedly sending test packets to the Stations. A Station recognizes these as test packets from the Master and echoes them back to the Master. When the Master receives the replies from the Station, it updates its Radio PER for that Station. One Master NCL1135 can have up to ten Stations simultaneously echoing test packets back to it. You will need one NCL1135 configured as a Master and at least one NCL1135 Station. CAUTION: Do NOT run this test in a working network. Doing so will cause every device in the network to slow down. 1. Ensure that the Master NCL1135 and Station NCL1135s have been configured and tested. 2. Deploy the Master and at least one Station connecting the antennas for each device as required.WARNING!Antennas and associated transmission cable must be installedby qualified personnel. Failure to terminate the antenna portcorrectly can permanently damage the NCL1135. WaveRiderassumes no liability for failure to adhere to this recommendationor to recognized general safety precautions. 3. Connect a terminal to the Master NCL1135 using a serial cable and log into the device. 4. At the Master NCL1135 console terminal, type <radio txrx start> to begin the Transmit/Receive Loopback test and automatically start the Radio PER display. “Tx/Rx test started” is displayed when the test is started. Refer to Displaying the Radio Packet Error Rate (PER), on page 43 for more information. 5. Using the information from Radio PER, determine the quality of the link between the Master and Stations. 6. When done, press any key to stop Radio PER, then stop the Transmit/Receive Loopback Test by typing <radio txrx stop>.
5 Deploying the NCL113542 APCD–NC003–2.0AThe information received from Radio PER during the Transmit/Receive Loopback test will be similar to the following output. The following output is from a Master (unit ID 1) communicating with two Stations (unit IDs 2 and 3).master> radio txrx startTx/Rx test startedUnit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- -------2 UP 9 0 03 UP 5 0 0Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- -------2 UP 827 53 63 UP 820 56 6Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- -------2 UP 1689 85 43 UP 1679 91 5Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- -------2 UP 2566 109 43 UP 2545 126 4Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- -------2 UP 3423 141 33 UP 3411 149 4[Radio TxRx Test On]master> radio txrx stopmaster>
APCD–NC003–2.0A 436 Operational StatisticsAfter the NCL1135 is configured, you can obtain the radio Packet Error Rate (PER) information in addition to the operational statistics on the NCL1135 interfaces, radio, and IP protocol layer.6.1 Displaying the Radio Packet Error Rate (PER)Radio PER can be displayed at any time, including during tests. See Chapter 5, Deploying the NCL1135, on page 37 for tests that use Radio PER to display statistics during testing.To display the current Radio PER for an NCL1135 during normal operation, type <radio per> or <radio per single>. Table 1 defines how to interpret the Radio PER output.At a Master NCL1135, you will receive output similar to the following. The following example was taken at a Master NCL1135 communicating with two Stations (unit IDs 2 and 3).master> radio per singleUnit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- -------2 UP 2 0 03 UP 2 0 0master>
6 Operational Statistics44 APCD–NC003–2.0AAt a Station NCL1135, you will receive output similar to the following. The following example was taken at a Station (unit ID 2) communicating with a Master (unit ID 1).station> radio per singleUnit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- -------1 UP 1 0 0broadcast 72 0 0station>To display the radio PER once every second during normal operation, type <radio per continuous>.NOTE: All Radio PER results are cumulative. To clear the Radio PER statistics, type <radio per reset>. To stop the Radio PER display, press any key. At a Master NCL1135, you will receive output similar to the following. The following example was taken at a Master (unit ID 1) communicating with two Stations (unit IDs 2 and 3).master> radio per continuousUnit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- -------2 UP 2 0 03 UP 2 0 0Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- -------2 UP 102 0 03 UP 42 0 0Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- -------2 UP 112 1 03 UP 4 0 0Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- -------2 UP 140 2 03 UP 85 0 0Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- -------2 UP 171 2 03 UP 101 0 0master>
6 Operational Statistics APCD–NC003–2.0A 45At a Station NCL1135, you will receive output similar to the following. The following example was taken at a Station (unit ID 2) communicating with a Master (unit ID 1).station> radio per continuousUnit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- -------1 UP 1 0 0broadcast 236 0 0Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- -------1 UP 1 0 0broadcast 237 0 0Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- -------1 UP 1 0 0broadcast 239 0 0Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- -------1 UP 1 0 0broadcast 240 0 0Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- -------1 UP 1 0 0broadcast 241 0 0station>Table 1 Radio Packet Error Rate AssessmentTIP: Use Radio PER during deployment testing to monitor the transmission quality. Refer to Chapter 5, Deploying the NCL1135, on page 37 for sample output of Radio PER during testing.Radio PER Ratio Transmission Qualityless than 1% excellentless than 2% goodless than 5% marginalgreater than 5% poor
6 Operational Statistics46 APCD–NC003–2.0A6.2 Displaying the Operational Statistics6.2.1 Interface StatisticsThe interface statistics command displays the configuration information and statistics for the three interfaces associated with the NCL1135: radio, Ethernet and loopback.The loopback interface is an interface on a logical network that returns all output packets as input packets. The address for this logical network is 127.0.0.0 and the address for the loopback interface is usually 127.0.0.1. This means that any packets sent to the IP address 127.0.0.1 will be turned around and queued as input packets to the same interface. The values of the input and output statistics for the loopback interface should both be the same.To see the interface information for a NCL1135, type <interface statistics> at the NCL1135> prompt.Table 2 provides definitions for the statistics labels.For a Master NCL1135, information similar to the following example is displayed.NCL1135> interface statisticsStatistics For Loopback-------------------Flags UP LOOPBACK NOTRAILERS RUNNING MULTICASTMTU 32768Hardware AddressAdministrative Status UP(1)Operational Status UP(1)Input Octets 3808Input Unicast Packets 64Input Non-Unicast Packets 0Input Discards 0Input Errors 0Input Unknown Protocols 0Output Octets 3808Output Unicast Packets 64Output Non-Unicast Packets 0Output Discards 0Output Errors 0more...Statistics For Ethernet-------------------Flags UP BROADCAST NOTRAILERS RUNNING MULTICASTMTU 1500Hardware Address 00:90:27:b1:aa:adAdministrative Status UP(1)Operational Status UP(1)Input Octets 31614896Input Unicast Packets 20923Input Non-Unicast Packets 0Input Discards 9022Input Errors 0Input Unknown Protocols 0Output Octets 3371158Output Unicast Packets 2255Output Non-Unicast Packets 0Output Discards 2215Output Errors 0
6 Operational Statistics APCD–NC003–2.0A 47more...Statistics For Master Radio---------------------------Flags UP POINT-TO-POINT NOTRAILERS RUNNING NOARP MULTICASTMTU 1552Hardware Address 00:90:27:b1:aa:adAdministrative Status UP(1)Operational Status UP(1)Input Statistics---------------------------Remote Non-Station Input Unicast Unicast UnknownID Octets Packets Packets Discards Errors Protocols------- ------ ------- ------- -------- ------ ---------101 967998 0 645 0 0 0102 1218723 0 808 0 0 0103 1251987 0 830 0 0 0more...Output Statistics---------------------------Remote Non-Station Output Unicast UnicastID Octets Packets Packets Discards Errors------- ------ ------- ------- -------- ------101 10419675 6943 1 45 0102 10446473 6958 0 33 0103 10402915 6929 0 43 0For a Station NCL1135, information similar to the following example is displayed.NCL1135> interface statisticsStatistics For Loopback-------------------Flags UP LOOPBACK NOTRAILERS RUNNING MULTICASTMTU 32768Hardware AddressAdministrative Status UP(1)Operational Status UP(1)Input Octets 2975Input Unicast Packets 50Input Non-Unicast Packets 0Input Discards 0Input Errors 0Input Unknown Protocols 0Output Octets 2975Output Unicast Packets 50Output Non-Unicast Packets 0Output Discards 0Output Errors 0more...Statistics For Ethernet-------------------Flags UP BROADCAST NOTRAILERS RUNNING MULTICASTMTU 1500Hardware Address 00:90:27:b1:ad:01Administrative Status UP(1)Operational Status UP(1)Input Octets 7479220Input Unicast Packets 4941
6 Operational Statistics48 APCD–NC003–2.0AInput Non-Unicast Packets 0Input Discards 0Input Errors 0Input Unknown Protocols 0Output Octets 25364516Output Unicast Packets 16759Output Non-Unicast Packets 0Output Discards 76Output Errors 0more...Statistics For Radio-------------------Flags UP POINT-TO-POINT NOTRAILERS RUNNING NOARP MULTICASTMTU 1552Hardware Address 00:90:27:b1:ad:01Administrative Status UP(1)Operational Status UP(1)Input Octets 25331759Input Unicast Packets 16769Input Non-Unicast Packets 5Input Discards 0Input Errors 0Input Unknown Protocols 0Output Octets 7441747Output Unicast Packets 4970Output Non-Unicast Packets 0Output Discards 0Output Errors 0Table 2 Interface StatisticsLabel DescriptionFlags Specifies the operational state and properties of the interface. Possible flags are:•BROADCAST: interface is for a broadcast network•MULTICAST: interface supports multicasting•POINT-TO-POINT: interface is for a point-to-point network•LOOPBACK: interface is for a loopback network•RUNNING: resources are allocated for this interface•SIMPLEX: interface cannot receive its own transmissions•ALLMULTI: interface is receiving all multicast packets•DEBUG: debugging is enabled for the interface•NOARP: do not use ARP on this interface•NOTRAILERS: avoid using trailer encapsulation•PROMISCUOUS: interface receives all network packets•TX: a transmission is in progress•UP: interface is operatingMTU Maximum transmission unit or the size of the largest packet the interface can handle.Hardware Address MAC address or Ethernet address of the interface.
6 Operational Statistics APCD–NC003–2.0A 496.2.2 IP StatisticsTo see the IP protocol layer statistics for a NCL1135, at the NCL1135> prompt, type <ip statistics>.Table 3 provides definitions for the statistics labels. Information similar to the following example is displayed. The statistics for this command are from the time of the last reboot of the NCL1135.NCL1135> ip statisticsIP STATISTICS-------------Total packets received 50Bad checksum discards 0Packet too short discards 0Not enough data discards 0Bad header length discards 0Bad data length discards 0Fragments received 0Fragments dropped 0Administrative Status Desired state of the interface. The NCL1135 supports UP and DOWN states.Operational Status Current operational state of the interface.Input Octets Number of bytes that arrived on this interface since the last interface reset or reboot. Input Unicast Packets Number of unicast packets that arrived on this interface since the last interface reset or reboot.Input Non-Unicast Packets Number of non-unicast packets that arrived on this interface since the last interface reset or reboot.Input Discards Number of packets that arrived on this interface and were discarded since the last interface reset or reboot.Input Errors Number of packets that arrived on this interface with errors since the last interface reset or reboot.Output Octets Number of bytes that were sent from this interface since the last interface reset or reboot.Output Unicast Packets Number of unicast packets that were sent from this interface since the last interface reset or reboot.Output Non-Unicast Packets Number of non-unicast packets that were sent from this interface since the last interface reset or reboot.Output Discards Number of outbound packets that were dropped because of implementation limits since the last interface reset or reboot.Output Errors Number of outbound packets dropped because of errors since the last interface reset or reboot.Label Description
6 Operational Statistics50 APCD–NC003–2.0AFragments timed out 0Packets forwarded 0Couldn’t forward discards 0Redirected forwards 0Unknown protocol discards 25No space discards 0Packets reassembled 0Fragments sent 0No route discards 0Table 3 IP StatisticsLabel DescriptionsTotal packets received Number of packets sent to the IP layer.Bad checksum discards Number of packets discarded due to a bad checksum.Packet too short discards Number of packets dropped due to an invalid data length.Not enough data discards Number of packets dropped because they did not contain enough data to be an IP packet.Bad header length discards Number of packets discarded because of inconsistent IP header and IP data lengths.Fragment received Number of packet fragments received.Fragments dropped Number of fragments dropped due to lack of space or duplicates.Fragments timed out Number of fragments that were timed-out.Packets forwarded Number of packets forwarded at the IP layer.Couldn’t forward discards Number of packets received for unreachable destinations.Redirected forwards Number of redirect messages that were sent.Unknown protocol discards Number of packets of unknown or unsupported protocol received and discarded.No space discards Number of packets dropped because of resource shortages.Packets reassembled Number of packets that needed to be reassembled.Fragments sent Number of fragments successfully sent.No route discards Number of packets discarded because there was no route to the destination given.
6 Operational Statistics APCD–NC003–2.0A 516.2.3 Radio StatisticsTo see the radio statistics for a NCL1135, at the NCL1135> prompt, type <radio statistics>.Table 4 provides definitions for the statistics labels. Information similar to the following example is displayed. The statistics for this command are from the time of the last reboot of the NCL1135.NCL1135> radio statisticsRADIO STATISTICS:-------------------------------------------------------------------------Transmitted : 1Tx Blocks delayed : 0Rx Packets : 0Rx Data CRC Error : 0ALF Header Chksum Error : 0Rx MAC Header CRC Error : 0RX MAC Header CRC Fixed : 0Rx Invalid Data Length : 0NIC Failures : 0Broadcast Discards : 0Transmit Timeouts : 0Table 4 Radio StatisticsLabel DescriptionTransmitted Number of packets sent.Tx Blocks delayed Number of transmitted blocks delayed.Rx Packets Number of packets received.Rx Data CRC Error Number of received data CRC errors that occurred.ALF Header Chksum Error Number of packets received with an invalid Air Link Frame (ALF) header.Rx MAC Header CRC Error Number of times packets were discarded because headers were invalid.Rx MAC Header CRC Fixed Number of times the MAC header CRC was fixed.RX Invalid Data Length Number of packets received with an invalid length (that is, greater than the maximum size).NIC Failure Number of network interface card failures.Broadcast Discards Number of broadcast packets that the NCL1135 received and discarded.Transmit Timeouts Number of transmit timeouts due to the radio channel being too busy or due to interference.
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APCD–NC003–2.0A 537 TroubleshootingThis section provides possible solutions for common problems associated with NCL1135 operation.To verify that the connection has been re-established, test the connection using a ping test described in Performing a Ping Test, on page 35. To verify the routing, follow the procedures in Verifying NCL1135 Routing, on page 55.Table 5 Common Problems and SolutionsSymptom Possible Cause SolutionPower LED on back panel of NCL1135 is offNCL1135 is not receiving power. •Ensure that the device is plugged into a 110 - 220 V AC outlet and that there is power at the outlet.•Check all cables for loose or faulty connections. Replace cables if necessary. Cannot communicate with NCL1135 from the Ethernet side and the Ethernet light is offNCL1135 is not receiving power. •Ensure that the device is plugged into a 110 - 220 V AC outlet and that there is power at the outlet.•Check all cables for loose or faulty connections. Replace cables if necessary. Ethernet cable is faulty or the wrong type (crossover vs. straight-through). •Replace Ethernet cable, if necessary.Cannot communicate with NCL1135 from the Ethernet side and the Ethernet light is onNCL1135 configuration is incorrect. Connect a computer to the RS-232 port and log into the NCL1135. •Verify Ethernet IP address.•Verify bridging or routing.•Verify Routing Table, if applicable. See Verifying NCL1135 Routing, on page 55.
7 Troubleshooting54 APCD–NC003–2.0AMaster cannot communicate with any StationsMaster NCL1135 is disabled. Connect a computer to the RS-232 port and log into the NCL1135. •Ensure that the radio transmission is enabled.Master NCL1135 configuration is incorrect. Connect a computer to the RS-232 port and log into the NCL1135. •Verify radio channel.•Verify Master unit ID.•Verify Station IDs have been added to Remote Station List.•Verify that the Master has all Stations enabled.•Verify routing or bridging.•Verify Routing Table, if applicable. See Verifying NCL1135 Routing, on page 55.Master NCL1135 antenna system has a problem.•Verify RF connections.•Check RF cable for damage.•Check antenna for damage.Master cannot communicate with an individual StationStation is not receiving power. •Ensure that the device is plugged into a 110 - 220 VAC outlet and that there is power at the outlet. •Check all cables for loose or faulty connections. Replace cables if necessary.Station NCL1135 antenna system has a problem.•Verify RF connections.•Check RF cable for damage.•Check antenna for damage.•Check for any deviation from set direction.Antenna line-of-sight (LOS) to master has been obstructed.•Ensure that a clear LOS still exists to the Master NCL1135 antenna.Station configuration is incorrect. Connect a computer to the RS-232 port and log into the NCL1135. •Verify radio channel.•Verify Station unit ID.•Verify Master unit ID.•Verify routing or bridging.•Verify Routing Table, if applicable. See Verifying NCL1135 Routing, on page 55.Station is disabled. Connect a computer to the RS-232 port and log into the Master NCL1135 for the group. •Verify that the Station has been enabled from the Master. Station has not been added to the Master NCL1135 Remote Station List.Connect a computer to the RS-232 port and log into the Master NCL1135 for the group.•Verify the Station has been added to the Remote Station List.•Verify the Routing Table, if applicable. See Verifying NCL1135 Routing, on page 55.Symptom Possible Cause Solution
7 Troubleshooting APCD–NC003–2.0A 557.1 Verifying NCL1135 RoutingTo verify the routing is correct, you will need to verify both the Master and Station Routing Tables. If the Routing Tables are incorrect, configure the devices with the corrected values.7.1.1 Verify the NCL1135 Routing TableUse the Configuration Data Record for the NCL1135 to verify the information is configured correctly in the device. 1. Connect to the NCL1135 using a crossover serial cable. 2. Log in to the NCL1135. You will be prompted for the NCL1135 password when you log in. 3. Type <mode> to verify bridging or routing is set correctly for the NCL1135 group. 4. At the NCL1135> prompt, type <ip>. The configuration information is displayed. 5. Verify the NCL1135 Ethernet IP address and subnet mask are configured correctly. 6. Verify the radio IP address is correct, if applicable. 7. Verify the Routing Table is correct according to your routing plan. 8. If the forwarding mode is routing, at a Station NCL1135, ensure that the default static route is set. At a Master NCL1135, ensure the Ethernet subnet for each Station is set.
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APCD–NC003–2.0A 57Appendix A NCL1135 Command-Line SyntaxThe NCL1135 can be configured using the commands listed in Table 8.Table 6 shows the typographical conventions used to represent command-line syntax. Press ENTER after typing a command to execute the command.Table 7 provides a list of shortcuts and methods to get help on commands.Table 6 NCL1135 Command-Line Syntax ConventionsConvention Use Examples<monospaced font>Indicates that you must type the text inside the angle brackets, not the angle brackets. <ip route>ENTER Indicates a keyboard key press. A plus sign (+) indicates key combinations. For example, for CTRL+U, press and hold down the CTRL key, then press the U key.ENTERESCCTRL+Uitalic Specifies a variable name or other information that you must replace with a real name or value.ip address ethernet ipaddressbold characters Indicates the shortcut characters for a command. <radio channel> can also be typed as <ra ch> [ ] Indicates optional items. Do not type the brackets as part of the command. ip address [ethernet|radio] | Separates two mutually exclusive choices in a command. Type one choice and do not type the vertical bar.interface|if( ) Encloses a range of values from which you can choose a value. radio channel (1-15)
58 APCD–NC003–2.0ATable 7 Command-Line Shortcuts and Getting HelpSubnet MasksWhere a command requires you to enter a subnet mask, you can do one of the following:•Enter it as a range, which is the number of bits (0-32 are valid) in the subnet mask.•Do not enter it, and let the NCL1135 decide what value to use. Note that the NCL1135 does not necessarily pick the correct subnet mask.Table 8 NCL1135 Command-line Syntax DescriptionsType To do this...?To display the names of the root commands.[command_name] ? To display the syntax for a command.help To display all the commands, their subcommands and the parameters and options for each command.help [command_name]To display the parameters and options for the command.!! To repeat the last command that was executed.ESC To cancel the command you are typing.Command Syntax Description arp Displays the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) configuration information.arp flush Removes the temporary ARP table entries from the ARP table.arp add aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd aa:bb:cc:dd:ee:ffAdds an entry to the ARP table. aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd is the IP address of the entry that you want to add. aa:bb:cc:dd:ee:ff is the MAC address associated with the IP address.arp del aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd Deletes a specified entry from the ARP table. aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd is the IP address of the entry that you want to delete.bridge statistics Displays the bridge statistics (frames in, frames out, etc.). Only available in bridging mode.bridge table Displays the bridge table entries. Only available in bridging mode.bridge table flush Removes the learned entries from the bridge table. Only available in bridging mode.
APCD–NC003–2.0A 59bridge table timeout Sets the time-out value for entries in the bridge table. If the NCL1135 receives no packet from the specified entry’s address during the time-out period you set (for example, 15 s), then it clears the address from the table. Valid times are 10 to 1 000 000 s; the default is 300 s. Only available in bridging mode.dhcp mode [none|relay] Sets the NCL1135 to use Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP).• none - disables DHCP Relay.• relay - enables DHCP Relay.Available only if the mode is set to routing.dhcp relay [add|delete ip_address]Adds or removes the IP address of a Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) server. Available only if the mode is set to routing and DHCP mode is set to Relay. interface|if statistics Displays configuration information and statistics for all interfaces.interface|if statistics ethernet|radio|loopbackDisplays configuration information and statistics for each interface: Ethernet, radio, or loopback.interface|if reset Resets the statistics for all interfaces.interface|if reset ethernet|radio|loopbackResets the statistics for the specified interface. ip Displays the IP configuration information.ip address Displays the IP addresses for the Ethernet and radio interface. In bridging mode, the IP address is for management purposes only. An IP address is not required to perform bridge functions. When in Bridging mode, if you assign an IP address to the NCL1135, you only need to assign it to the Ethernet interface, because the radio and Ethernet are considered as one interface.In routing mode, you must configure both addresses.ip address ethernet aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd [subnet mask]Changes the IP address for the Ethernet interface for routing or bridging. aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd is the IP address for the Ethernet interface and [subnet mask] is specified in either dotted decimal format or number of bits. Command Syntax Description
60 APCD–NC003–2.0Aip address radio remote_unit_id aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd eee.fff.ggg.hhhChanges the radio interface IP route and binds the radio channel between the remote NCL1135 and the local NCL1135 using the IP addresses. This command is only available in routing mode.For an NCL1135 configured as a Station, remote_unit_id is the unit ID of the remote master; aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd is the radio IP address for the local station NCL1135; and eee.fff.ggg.hhh is the radio IP address for the remote master NCL1135.For an NCL1135 configured as a Master, remote_unit_id is the unit ID of the remote station NCL1135; aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd is the radio IP address for the local master NCL1135; and eee.fff.ggg.hhh is the radio IP address for the remote station NCL1135. Repeat this command for each station in the Remote Station List.ip dns Displays the DNS configuration information. ip dns server Displays the list of domain name servers.ip dns server add|del aaa.bbb.ccc.dddAdds a server to or deletes a server from the DNS table. aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd is the IP address for the DNS server that you want to add or delete.ip dns domain Displays the DNS domain name. ip dns domain DNS_domain_name Changes the DNS domain name. DNS_domain_name can be a maximum of 256 ASCII characters.ip ping destination Sends ICMP echo requests to a remote host that is used to see if you can reach a remote IP address or for network debugging. destination is the radio IP address for the remote host that you want to reach.ip ripDisplays the RIP configuration information. Available only if routing mode is set to RIP.ip rip quiet|active Disables or enables RIP to advertise routes. Available only if routing mode is set to RIP.active - transmits route information, in packets, to the interfaces.quiet - disables RIP packets from being sent.ip rip nodefault|default Disables or enables RIP to advertise the default route. Available only if routing mode is set to RIP.default - if a default route exists, it is sent in the advertisement.nodefault - the default route is not sent, whether or not it exists.Command Syntax Description
APCD–NC003–2.0A 61ip rip broadcast|compatible|multicastWhen RIP is set to version 2, specifies how RIP handles packets. Available only if routing mode is set to RIP and the RIP version is set to 2.• broadcast sends RIP version 2 advertisements as broadcast. • compatible sends more compatible version 2 broadcasts to version 1 routers.• multicast sends version 2 advertisements to RIP version 2 multicast addresses. Multicast is generally more efficient than broadcast.ip rip noupdate|update Disables or enables RIP to advertise static routes.update - sends static route information in a RIP advertisement, as well as all other RIP information.noupdate - sends everything except the static route information. Available only if routing mode is set to RIP.ip rip version 1|2 Changes the RIP version to either 1 or 2. Available only if routing mode is set to RIP.ip rip version displays the current version. Note that version 1 is broadcast only; version 2 is multicast, broadcast, or compatible (both). ip route Displays the routing table information. Local interface routes are always present as long as an address for the interface exists.ip route add|del Network(aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd) Gateway(eee.fff.ggg.hhh) Mask(0-32)Adds or deletes a static route. Network(aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd) is the IP address of the destination network; Gateway(eee.fff.ggg.hhh) is the IP address for the gateway; and Mask(0-32) is specified in either dotted decimal format or number of bits. ip route flush Removes all dynamic entries from the routing table. Dynamic entries are those routes that the system has learned.ip route erase Removes all static and dynamic entries, except interface routes, from the routing table.ip routing Displays the IP routing protocol.ip routing static|rip Changes the IP routing protocol to either Static or RIP.ip statistics Displays the IP statistics information.ip telnet host(aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd) Establishes a Telnet session with a remote host to access and control a remote computer. host(aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd) is the IP address of the remote host.ip traceroute destination(aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd)Displays the route that the packets take to a remote destination. destination(aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd) is the IP address of the remote destination. The maximum is 30 hops. An asterisk (*) represents each unsuccessful try. For example, 1 * * *. Press any key to stop the ip traceroute output.Command Syntax Description
62 APCD–NC003–2.0Amode Displays the forwarding mode: Bridging or IP Routing.mode bridging|routing Changes the forwarding mode. bridging: connects two networks on the same subnet (they have the same subnet address).routing: connects two networks on different subnets.radio Displays the radio configuration information.radio channel Displays the radio channel.radio channel (1–14) Changes the radio channel. radio disable|enable Disables or enables the NCL1135 radio transmission capabilities. The NCL1135 is factory-configured as disabled to prevent accidental damage should it be powered up without an antenna or load connected.radio per [single|continuous|reset]Displays or resets the cumulative radio packet error rate statistics to the screen. This command is available during tests and normal operation.•single displays the current statistics.•continuous displays the statistics every one second.•reset resets the calculations.radio rxtest start|stopStarts and stops the Radio Continuous Receive Test. When you start this test, the Radio PER display is also automatically started. Available only at the Station NCL1135. Use this test to deploy a new Station NCL1135 in an existing network.radio txtest start|stopStarts and stops the Radio Continuous Transmit Test. Available only at the Master NCL1135. Use this test to set up a Master and Station for a new network.radio txrx start|stopStarts and stops the Radio Transmit/Receive Loopback Test. When you start this test, the Radio PER display is also automatically started. Available only at the Master NCL1135. Use this test for a new installation only.radio reset Forces the NCL1135 to reset. If you reset the NCL1135 radio instead of shutting down, the statistics are not lost. If you use this command, the link service is disrupted for the duration of the test.radio unitid Displays the NCL1135 unit ID.radio unitid (1–16383) Changes the NCL1135 unit ID. An NCL1135 unit ID is a unique number between 1 and 16383.radio masterID Displays the Master Unit ID to which the NCL1135 belongs. Available only if the NCL1135 radio type is Station.radio masterID (1–16383) Changes the Master Unit ID to which the NCL1135 belongs. Available only if the NCL1135 radio type is Station.Command Syntax Description
APCD–NC003–2.0A 63radio statistics|stats Displays the current radio statistics. radio type Displays the NCL1135 radio type. radio type master|station Changes the radio type. Use this to configure an NCL1135 as a master unit. All NCL1135 units are factory-configured as ‘station’.radio station Displays the list of unit IDs to which the master unit can talk. Available only if the NCL1135 radio type is Master.radio station add (1–16383) Adds a remote Unit ID to the list of stations to which a Master Unit can talk. Available only if the NCL1135 radio type is Master.radio station del (1–16383) Removes a remote Unit ID from the list of stations to which a Master Unit can talk. Available only if the NCL1135 radio type is Master.radio station disable|enable unitIDDisables or enables the transmission capabilities of the remote station. unitID is the unit ID of the remote station that you want to disable. Available only if the NCL1135 radio type is Master.snmp Displays the SNMP configuration information. SNMP is useful for monitoring network performance and debugging.snmp community Displays the SNMP community table. The default SNMP communities are: public read and private write.snmp community add|del community read|writeAdds a community name to or deletes one from the SNMP community table. A community name can be a maximum of 32 ASCII characters.•read: enables the community to view the variables in SNMP.•write: enables the community to change and view the variables.To change SNMP variables, you must have a write community. To view SNMP variables, you must have a write or read community.snmp contact Displays the SNMP system contact (that is, the person or company).snmp contact contact Changes the SNMP system contact and telephone number. contact can be a maximum of 256 ASCII characters that you can use to define the contact person or address for the NCL1135.snmp location Displays the SNMP geographical location of the system.snmp location location Changes the SNMP geographical location of the system. location can be a maximum of 256 ASCII characters that you can use to define the physical location of the NCL1135.snmp trap Displays the list of SNMP trap servers defined for the NCL1135.Command Syntax Description
64 APCD–NC003–2.0Asnmp trap add|del server(aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd) communityAdds a trap to or deletes one from the SNMP trap server table. server(aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd) is the IP address for the trap server. community is the name of the community on the trap server and can be a maximum or 16 ASCII characters.system Displays the system configuration information.system memory Displays the memory statistics, such as memory allocation information.system name Displays the system name.system name name Changes the system name. name can be a maximum of 64 ASCII characters that you can use to name the NCL1135 in your system. The system name is used for the command-line prompt for the NCL1135. system network Displays the network system statistics from the network buffer memory pools.system network ethernet|radio|data|systemDisplays network buffer pool-allocation information for each parameter: system password Changes the password for the NCL1135. system protocol Displays information about the configuration of protocols bound to the interface.system protocol interface Displays the protocol configuration for the specific interface that you name. interface is either Ethernet or Radio.system uptime Displays how long the system has been running. If the uptime is more than 24 hours, the time appears as n days, hh:mm:ss where n is the number of days and hh:mm:ss is the hours:minutes:seconds.system version Displays the build date and time, and lists all software libraries and their version numbers.test radio Performs self tests and displays the results for all the radio device. If you use this command, the link service is disrupted for the duration of the test.reboot|restart|reload|reset Resets the NCL1135.write|save Saves the current configuration. If you want to save the new configuration, you must write (save) any configuration changes before you reboot the NCL1135; otherwise, the NCL1135 reverts to the previously saved configuration. write default|erase Removes all configuration changes, even if you saved them, and resets the NCL1135 to the factory default configuration.Command Syntax Description
APCD–NC003–2.0A 65help [command]Displays a list of all commands. If you type a command name after help, the syntax for that command is displayed. For example, type help ip to display all IP commands and the syntax for each.exit|quit|byeCloses the console session.Command Syntax Description
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APCD–NC003–2.0A 67Appendix B Abbreviations and TerminologyTable 9 Acronyms and AbbreviationsAcronym or Abbreviation DefinitionAC Alternating CurrentALF Air Link FrameARP Address Resolution ProtocolASCII American Standard Code for Information InterchangedB decibeldBi decibel, with respect to an isotropic antennaCLI Command Line InterfaceCPU Central Processing UnitCRC Cyclic Redundancy CheckCSA Canadian Standards AssociationCTS Clear To SendDCE Data Communication EquipmentDHCP Dynamic Host Configuration ProtocolDNS Domain Name Server, Domain Network ServerDPRAM Dual Port Random-Access MemoryDRAM Dynamic Random-Access MemoryDSR Data Set ReadyDSSS Direct-Sequence Spread SpectrumDTE Data Terminal EquipmentESN Electronic Serial NumberETSI European Telecommunications Standards for Industry
68 APCD–NC003–2.0AFCC Federal Communications Commission (U.S.A.)FTP File Transfer ProtocolGHz GigahertzIC Industry CanadaICMP Internet Control Message ProtocolID Identifier, IdentificationIEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics EngineersIF Intermediate FrequencyIP Internet ProtocolISM Industrial, Scientific, And Medical (unlicensed radio band)LAN Local Area NetworkLED Light-Emitting DiodeMAC Media Access Control, Medium Access ControllerMHz MegahertzMIB Management Information BaseMTU Maximum Transmission UnitNCL Network Communication Link, as in NCL1135, a WaveRider productNIC Network Interface CardOSPF Open Shortest Path FirstPC Personal ComputerPER Packet Error RateRF Radio FrequencyRFC Request For CommentsRIP Routing Information ProtocolRMA Returned Merchandise AuthorizationRSSI Receive Signal Strength IndicatorRTS Request To SendRx ReceiveSNMP Simple Network Management ProtocolSRAM Static Random Access MemoryTCP Transmission Control ProtocolTCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol/Internet ProtocolTx TransmitURL Uniform Resource LocatorAcronym or Abbreviation Definition
APCD–NC003–2.0A 69VVoltAcronym or Abbreviation Definition
70 APCD–NC003–2.0ATable 10 NCL1135 Network TerminologyTerm DefinitionAddress Resolution Protocol (ARP) The layer below the IP layer; maps the IP and MAC addresses together.Bridge A device that connects and passes packets between two network segments. Bridgers operate at the MAC layer. A bridge filters or forwards an incoming frame based on the MAC address of the frame.A learning bridge listens to traffic on its interfaces and maintains a table of addresses. See also Router.Channel Generally, the medium through which information is communicated. In wireless communications, the channel is usually defined by the center frequency, modulation type, and occupied bandwidth.Command Line Interface (CLI) In contrast to a graphical user interface, a CLI is a configuration and control interface based on keyboard-entry commands and responses.Console Port Typically, the 9-pin RS 232 serial port on an NCL1135 to which a terminal or laptop computer is connected to configure or control the device.Domain Name Server (DNS) A database system that translates IP addresses into domain names. For example, 207.23.187.242 is converted into waverider.com.Direct-Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) A form of spread-spectrum communications that uses a high-speed code sequence, along with the information being sent, to modulate the RF carrier.MAC address This refers to the 6-byte low-level hardware address of physical address of an Ethernet device.Master The NCL1135 defined as a master provides the access control for all NCL1135 stations in the same radio network. The master configuration determines the channel that the NCL1135 stations use. There must be only one master using the same channel in the radio network. You must configure a master within the coverage area of another master to use a different channel.Master ID Improves security on the wireless network. NCL1135s must have the same master ID in order to communicate with each other.
APCD–NC003–2.0A 71Master vs. Station Decide which NCL1135 is the master. In the point-to-point configurations, it does not matter which NCL1135 is master, just remember that the master provides the access control to the station. In the case of point-to-multipoint, the master must have a line of sight to each station, but each station may not have a radio communication path to other stations.Open Shortest Path First A routing protocol for autonomous IP networks based on the Shortest Path First (SPF) algorithm, where link-state advertisements (LSAs) are sent to all other routers within the same network to determine the shortest path to the desired node.Radio Channel A 22 MHz wide RF channel with a center frequency specified in Appendix C. In any given network, all NCL1135s must operate on the same radio channel to communicate.Radio Type This parameter specifies the role of the NCL1135 in the radio network. Each NCL1135 is classified as either a master or a station.Router A device that connects and passes packets between two or more network segments. A router filters or forwards an incoming packet based on the IP address of the packet.Routers use static routes which take precedence over routes chosen by all dynamic routing protocols. See also Bridge.Routing Information Protocol A routing protocol for IP networks based on the distance-vector algorithm, where all or a portion of the routing table is sent to all other neighbouring devices along with each message.Static Route A route that is explicitly configured and entered in the routing table. Static routes take precedence over routes chosen by dynamic routing protocols.Station An NCL1135 defined as a station synchronizes with an NCL1135 master that has the same station and master ID setting.System Name A name that allows a user to identify a particular NCL1135. Once the Name is assigned, the system name appears as the prompt.System Password A set of characters that prevents unauthorized access to console commands. The same password applies when accessing the console from the RS-232 port, from the network using Telnet, or when connecting to the FTP server. Unit ID In the case of a station, unit ID provides the wireless address at the station. In the case of a Master, a list of unit IDs forms the access list of stations allowed to communicate with the Master. Any station not on the list will be disabled whenever the station attempts to access the Master.Term Definition
APCD–NC003–2.0A 72
APCD–NC003–2.0A 73Appendix C Operating Channel FrequenciesThe following table defines the channel frequency set for each WaveRider regulatory domain..Channel IDFCC/IC Channel Frequencies(USA/Canada)MKK Channel Frequencies (Japan)ETSI Channel Frequencies (Europe)French Channel FrequenciesSpanish Channel Frequencies1 2412 MHz not available 2412 MHz not available not available2 2417 MHz not available 2417 MHz not available not available3 2422 MHz not available 2422 MHz not available not available4 2427 MHz not available 2427 MHz not available not available5 2432 MHz not available 2432 MHz not available not available6 2437 MHz not available 2437 MHz not available not available7 2442 MHz not available 2442 MHz not available not available8 2447 MHz not available 2447 MHz not available not available9 2452 MHz not available 2452 MHz not available not available10 2457 MHz not available 2457 MHz 2457 MHz 2457 MHz11 2462 MHz not available 2462 MHz 2462 MHz 2462 MHz12 not available not available 2467 MHz 2467 MHz not available13 not available not available 2472 MHz 2472 MHz not available14 not available 2484 MHz not available not available not available
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APCD–NC003–2.0A 75Appendix D NCL1135 SpecificationsThe followiing tables list the technical specifications for the NCL1135 (FCC/IC RF Regulatory Domains).Table 11 Radio Specifications Table 12 Ethernet Interface Specifications Minimum Channel Centre Frequency 2.412 GHzMaximum Channel Centre Frequency 2.462 GHzChannel Bandwidth 22 MHzCenter Frequency Spacing Increment 5 MHzMinimum Separation Between Orthogonal Channels 25 MHzMaximum Orthogonal Channels 3Orthogonal Channel Set 1, 6, 11Orthogonal Channel Set Centre Frequencies 2.412 GHz, 2.437 GHz, 2.462 GHzModulation Scheme CCK (Complementary Code Keying) DSSS (Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum)Receiver Sensitivity for BER < 10-5 < -72 dBmMaximum Over-the-Air, Raw Data Rate 11 MbpsPhysical Interface RJ-45, 10BaseT autosensing
76 APCD–NC003–2.0ATable 13 Power Supply Specifications Table 14 Environmental Specifications AC Input 85 to 265 VAC, single phaseAC Input Frequency 47 to 63 HzMaximum Input Current 1.5 AOperating Temperature 0° to 55° CStorage Temperature -20° to 70° C
APCD–NC003–2.0A 77Appendix E Configuration Data RecordUse the following form to record your NCL1135 information for each NCL1135 group.
APCD–NC003–2.0A 78NCL1135 Network Group Configuration Data RecordMaster InformationStation InformationRadio Channel Subnet Mask Software Version Bridge or Routing DHCP IP AddressUnit ID Password Serial Number System NameIP AddressLocationHardware Address Antenna (Yagi/ parabolic/omni/panel) Cable SNMP Communities SNMP Trap ServerEthernet Radio (Routing only) Radio Ethernet Type Gain Type Loss R/W Community Name IP Address Community NameUnit ID Password Serial Number System NameIP AddressLocationHardware Address Antenna (Yagi/ parabolic/omni/panel) Cable SNMP Communities SNMP Trap ServerEthernet Radio (Routing only) Radio Ethernet Type Gain Type Loss R/W Community Name IP Address Community Name
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