Viper 550 Esp Users Manual

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2015-01-21

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®

550 ESP
Installation Guide

®
© 2001 Directed Electronics, Inc. Vista, CA N553 8-01
Rev. M 1.1

NEW!
Outboard XHF Receiver for
Extended Range

Bitwriter™, Code Hopping™, DEI®, Doubleguard®, ESP™, FailSafe®, Ghost Switch™, Learn
Routine™, Nite-Lite®, Nuisance Prevention Circuitry®, NPC®, Revenger®, Silent Mode™, Soft Chirp®,
Stinger®, Valet®, Vehicle Recovery System®, VRS®, and Warn Away® are all Trademarks or Registered
Trademarks of Directed Electronics, Inc.

New Software Compatibility for
103T Keypad

The Bitwriter® (p/n 998T)
requires chip version 1.4 or
newer to program this unit.

2

This unit now has software that
allows arming with entry delay when
used in conjunction with the optional
103T Keypad. Refer to the 103T
Owner’s Guide for details.

© 2000 Directed Electronics, Inc. Vista, CA

table of contents
What is Included . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Warning! Safety First . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Installation Points to Remember . . . . . . . . . . 5
Before Beginning the Installation . . . . . . . . 5
Finding the Tachometer Wire. . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Finding the Wait-to-Start Bulb Wire for Diesels. 6
After the Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Primary Harness (H1), 12-Pin Connector . . . . . 7
Secondary Harness (H2), 3-Pin Connector . . . . 7
Remote Start Primary Harness, 5-Pin Connector . 8
Heavy Gauge Relay Satellite . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Remote Start Secondary Harness (H3),
6-Pin Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Primary Harness (H1) Wire Connection Guide . 13
Secondary Harness (H2) Wire Connection Guide. 13
Relay Satellite Key Switch Interface
Wire Connection Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Remote Start Start Secondary Harness (H3)
Wire Connection Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Neutral Safety Switch Interface . . . . . . . . . . 18
Testing the Neutral Safety Switch . . . . . . . . 18
Bypassing GM Vehicle Anti-Theft Systems (VATS) . 21
1995 and Newer Vehicle Anti-Theft Systems
(Immobilizers) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Plug-In LED and Valet/Program Switch . . . . . . 23
Programmer Interface, 3-Pin Black Connector . 23
Shock Sensor Harness, 4-Pin Connector . . . . . 24
Tach Learning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Door Lock Harness (H4) Wire Connection Guide . 25
Positive-Triggered, Relay Driven
Systems (Type A) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Negative-Triggered, Relay Driven

Systems (Type B) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Reversing Polarity System (Type C) . . . .
Adding One or More After-Market
Actuators (Type D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electrically Activated Vacuum (Type E) .
One-Wire System, (Type F) . . . . . . . . .
Type G: Positive (+) Multiplex . . . . . . .
Type H: Negative (-) Multiplex . . . . . . .
Programming Jumpers . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tach Threshold On/Off . . . . . . . . . . . .
Light Flash (+)/(-) . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transmitter/Receiver Learn Routine. . . . .
Transmitter Configurations . . . . . . . . . . .
Standard Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . .
Single Button Arm/Disarm Configuration
Multi-Level Security Arming . . . . . . . . . .
Operating Settings Learn Routine . . . . . .
Feature Menus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Feature Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Menu #1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Menu #2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Menu #3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nuisance Prevention Circuitry . . . . . . . . .
Valet Mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Timer Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table of Zones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Shutdown Diagnostics . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Long Term Event History . . . . . . . . . . . .
Safety Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Alarm Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . .
Remote Start Troubleshooting . . . . . . .
Wiring Quick Reference Guide . . . . . . . .

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what is included
■ The control module

■ The plug-in status LED

■ An XHF receiver/antenna

■ The plug-in Valet®/Program switch

■ Two four-button remote transmitters

■ A hood pinswitch

■ A Stinger® Doubleguard® shock sensor

■ A relay satellite

■ A Revenger® Soft Chirp® siren

■ A toggle (override) switch

© 2000 Directed Electronics, Inc. Vista, CA

3

warning! safety first
The following safety warnings must be observed at all times:
■ Due to the complexity of this system, installation of this product must only be performed by an authorized
DEI dealer.
■ When properly installed, this system can start the vehicle via a command signal from the remote control
transmitter. Therefore, never operate the system in an area that does not have adequate ventilation. The following precautions are the sole responsibility of the user; however, authorized DEI dealers should make the
following recommendations to all users of this system:
1. Never operate the system in an enclosed or partially enclosed area without ventilation (such as a garage).
2. When parking in an enclosed or partially enclosed area or when having the vehicle serviced, the remote
start system must be disabled using the installed toggle switch.
3. It is the user's sole responsibility to properly handle and keep out of reach from children all remote
control transmitters to assure that the system does not unintentionally remote start the vehicle.
4. THE USER MUST INSTALL A CARBON MONOXIDE DETECTOR IN OR ABOUT THE LIVING AREA ADJACENT
TO THE VEHICLE. ALL DOORS LEADING FROM ADJACENT LIVING AREAS TO THE ENCLOSED OR PARTIALLY ENCLOSED VEHICLE STORAGE AREA MUST AT ALL TIMES REMAIN CLOSED.
■ Use of this product in a manner contrary to its intended mode of operation may result in property damage,
personal injury, or death. Except when performing the Safety Check outlined in this installation guide, (1)
Never remotely start the vehicle with the vehicle in gear, and (2) Never remotely start the vehicle with the
keys in the ignition. The user will be responsible for having the neutral safety feature of the vehicle periodically checked, wherein the vehicle must not remotely start while the car is in gear. This testing should be
performed by an authorized DEI dealer in accordance with the Safety Check outlined in this product installation guide. If the vehicle starts in gear, cease remote start operation immediately and consult with the user
to fix the problem immediately.
■ After the remote start module has been installed, test the remote start module in accordance with the Safety
Check outlined in this installation guide. If the vehicle starts when performing the Neutral Safety Shutdown
Circuit test, the remote start unit has not been properly installed. The remote start module must be removed
or properly reinstalled so that the vehicle does not start in gear. All installations must be performed by an
authorized DEI dealer. OPERATION OF THE REMOTE START MODULE IF THE VEHICLE STARTS IN GEAR IS CONTRARY TO ITS INTENDED MODE OF OPERATION. OPERATING THE REMOTE START SYSTEM UNDER THESE
CONDITIONS MAY RESULT IN PROPERTY DAMAGE OR PERSONAL INJURY. IMMEDIATELY CEASE THE USE OF
THE UNIT AND REPAIR OR DISCONNECT THE INSTALLED REMOTE START MODULE. DEI WILL NOT BE HELD
RESPONSIBLE OR PAY FOR INSTALLATION OR REINSTALLATION COSTS.

4

© 2000 Directed Electronics, Inc. Vista, CA

installation points to remember
before beginning the installation

q

IMPORTANT! This product is designed for fuel-injected, automatic transmission vehicles only.
Installing it in a standard transmission vehicle is dangerous and is contrary to its intended use.
■ Please read this entire installation guide before beginning the installation. The installation of this remote
start system requires interfacing with many of the vehicle’s systems. Many new vehicles use low-voltage or
multiplexed systems that can be damaged by low resistance testing devices, such as test lights and logic
probes (computer safe test lights). Test all circuits with a high quality digital multi-meter before making connections.
■ Do not disconnect the battery if the vehicle has an anti-theft-coded radio. If equipped with an air bag, avoid
disconnecting the battery if possible. Many airbag systems will display a diagnostic code through their
warning lights after they lose power. Disconnecting the battery requires this code to be erased, which can
require a trip to the dealer.
■ Check with the customer on status LED location.
■ Remove the domelight fuse. This prevents accidentally draining the battery.
■ Roll down a window to avoid being locked out of the car.

finding the tachometer wire
To test for a tachometer wire, a multimeter capable of testing AC voltage must be used. The tachometer wire will
show between 1V and 6V AC. In multi-coil ignition systems, the system can learn individual coil wires. Individual
coil wires in a multi-coil ignition system will register lower amounts of AC voltage. Also, if necessary, the system
can use a fuel injector control wire for engine speed sensing.
Common locations for a tachometer wire are the ignition coil itself, the back of the gauges, engine computers,
and automatic transmission computers.
IMPORTANT! Do not test tachometer wires using a test light or logic probe! This will damage the vehicle.
How to find a tachometer wire with your multimeter:
1. Set to ACV or AC voltage (12V or 20V is fine).
2. Attach the (-) probe of the meter to chassis ground.
3. Start and run the vehicle.
4. Probe the wire you suspect of being the tachometer wire with the red probe of the meter.
5. If this is the correct wire the meter will read between 1V and 6V.

© 2000 Directed Electronics, Inc. Vista, CA

5

finding the wait-to-start bulb wire for diesels
In diesel vehicles it is necessary to interface with the wire that turns on the WAIT TO START light in the dashboard. This wire illuminates the bulb until the vehicle’s glow plugs are properly heated. When the light goes out
the vehicle can be started. This wire is always available at the connector leading to the bulb in the dashboard.
It can also be found at the Engine Control Module (ECM) in many vehicles.
To test and determine the polarity of this wire:
1. Set your multimeter to DCV or DC voltage (12 or 20V is fine).
2. Attach the (+) probe of the meter to (+)12V.
3. Probe the wire that you suspect leads to the bulb with the (-) probe of the meter.
4. Turn the ignition switch to the ON position.
5. If the meter indicates 12 volts until the light goes out you have isolated the correct wire and the wire's polarity is negative (ground while the bulb is on).
6. If the meter reads zero volts until the light goes out and then reads 12 volts, you have isolated the correct
wire and the wire's polarity is positive.

after the installation
■ Test all functions. The “Using Your System” section of the Owner's Guide is very helpful when testing.
■ When testing, don’t forget that this system is equipped with Nuisance Prevention Circuitry™(NPC™). NPC can
bypass trigger zones, making them appear to stop working. See the Nuisance Prevention Circuitry section.
■ Review and complete the Safety Check section of this guide prior to the vehicle reassembly.

6

© 2000 Directed Electronics, Inc. Vista, CA

primary harness (H1), 12-pin connector
H1/1
H1/2
H1/3
H1/4
H1/5
H1/6
H1/7
H1/8

______
______
______
______
______
______
______
______

ORANGE
WHITE
WHITE/BLUE
BLACK/WHITE

(-) 500 mA ARMED OUTPUT
(+)/(-) SELECTABLE LIGHT FLASH OUTPUT
(-) REMOTE START ACTIVATION INPUT
(-) 200 mA DOMELIGHT SUPERVISION OUTPUT

GREEN

(-) DOOR TRIGGER INPUT, ZONE 3

BLUE

(-) MULTIPLEXED INPUT, ZONE 4

VIOLET

(+) DOOR TRIGGER INPUT, ZONE 3

BLACK

(-) CHASSIS GROUND INPUT

H1/9 ______

OPEN

H1/10 ______

BROWN

H1/11 ______

RED

H1/12 ______

RED/WHITE

NO WIRE
(+) SIREN OUTPUT
(+) CONSTANT POWER INPUT
(-) 200 mA CHANNEL 2 VALIDITY OUTPUT

secondary harness (H2), 3-pin connector
H2/1 ______

GRAY/BLACK

H2/2 ______

LIGHT GREEN/BLACK (-) FACTORY DISARM/SPECIAL ACCESSORY OUTPUT

H2/3 ______

VIOLET/BLACK

© 2000 Directed Electronics, Inc. Vista, CA

(-) WAIT-TO-START INPUT

(-) SELECTABLE CHANNEL 4 OUTPUT

7

remote start primary harness, 5-pin connector
1
2

______
______

3

______

4

______

5

______

RED
YELLOW
PINK

(+) CONSTANT POWER
(+) IGNITION INPUT TO ALARM
(-) 200 mA IGNITION RELAY TURN-ON

ORANGE

(-) 200 mA ACCESSORY RELAY TURN-ON

PURPLE

(-) 200 mA STARTER RELAY TURN-ON

heavy gauge relay satellite key switch interface
1
2
3
4
5
6

______
______
______
______
______
______

RED

(+) HIGH CURRENT 12V INPUT

RED

(+) HIGH CURRENT 12V INPUT

PINK

(+) OUTPUT TO PRIMARY IGNITION CIRCUIT

ORANGE

(+) OUTPUT TO ACCESSORY CIRCUIT

PURPLE

(+) OUTPUT TO STARTER CIRCUIT

PINK/WHITE

(+) OUTPUT TO SECOND IGNITION CIRCUIT

remote start secondary harness (H3),
6-pin connector
H3/1
H3/2
H3/3
H3/4
H3/5
H3/6

8

______
______
______
______
______
______

BLUE
BLUE/BLACK
GRAY
BROWN

(-) 200 mA STATUS/FACTORY RE-ARM OUTPUT
(-) 200 mA OPTIONAL THIRD IGNITION OUTPUT
(-) HOOD PINSWITCH INPUT, ZONE 1
(+) BRAKE SHUTDOWN WIRE

VIOLET/WHITE

TACHOMETER INPUT WIRE

BLACK/WHITE

(-) NEUTRAL SAFETY SWITCH INPUT

© 2000 Directed Electronics, Inc. Vista, CA

primary harness (H1) wire connection guide
H1/1 ORANGE (-) ground-when-armed output

This wire supplies a (-)500 mA ground as long as the system is armed. This output ceases as soon as the system
is disarmed. The orange wire is pre-wired to control the DEI® 8618 Starter Kill Relay.
IMPORTANT! Never interrupt any wire other than the starter wire.
NOTE: If connecting the orange wire to control another module, such as a DEI® 529T or 530T
window controller, a 1 amp diode (type 1N4004) will be required. Insert the diode as shown below.

H1/2 WHITE (+/-) selectable light flash output

As shipped, this wire should be connected to the (+) parking light wire. If the light flash polarity jumper under
the sliding door is moved to the opposite position (see Internal Programming Jumper section of this guide), this
wire supplies a (-) 200 mA output. This is suitable for driving (-) light control wires in Toyota, Lexus, BMW, some
Mitsubishi, some Mazda, and other model cars.
(+) Positive Light Flash Output

© 2000 Directed Electronics, Inc. Vista, CA

9

(-) Light Flash Output

NOTE: For parking light circuits that draw 10 amps or more, the internal jumper must be switched
to a (-) light flash output. (See the Internal Programming Jumper section of this guide.) P/N 8617
or a standard automotive SPDT relay must be used on the H1/2 light flash output harness wire.

H1/3 WHITE/BLUE remote start (-) activation input

A momentary input on this wire will start or stop the motor, just as transmitting Channel 3 from the remote transmitter does. It is often connected to an optional momentary push-button switch to make access to Valet Take
Over Mode and Timer Mode more convenient.

H1/4 BLACK/WHITE (-) 200 mA domelight supervision output

Connect this wire to the optional domelight supervision relay as shown below:
IMPORTANT! This output is only intended to drive a relay. It cannot be connected directly to the
domelight circuit, as the output cannot support the current draw of one or more light bulbs.

10

© 2000 Directed Electronics, Inc. Vista, CA

H1/5 GREEN (-) door trigger input, zone 3

Most vehicles use negative door trigger circuits. Connect the green wire to a wire which shows ground when any
door is opened. In vehicles with factory delays on the domelight circuit, there is usually a wire that is unaffected
by the delay circuitry. This wire will report Zone 3.

H1/6 BLUE (-) multiplex input, zone 4

Inputs shorter than 0.8 seconds will trigger the Warn Away response, while inputs longer than 0.8 seconds will
trigger the full alarm sequence. If installing an optional DEI® dual stage sensor, connect both the blue and the
green wires of the optional sensor to this input. This wire will report Zone 4.
H1/7 VIOLET (+) door trigger input, zone 3

This wire is used in vehicles that have a positive (+) switched dome light circuit. Connect the violet wire to a
wire that shows (+)12V when any door is opened, and ground when the door is closed. This wire will report Zone 3.

H1/8 BLACK (-) chassis ground connection

Remove any paint and connect this wire to bare metal, preferably with a factory bolt rather than your own screw.
(Screws tend to either strip or loosen with time.) We recommend grounding all your components, including the
siren, to the same point in the vehicle.

© 2000 Directed Electronics, Inc. Vista, CA

11

H1/10 BROWN (+) siren output

Connect this to the red wire of the siren. Connect the black wire of the siren to (-) chassis ground, preferably
at the same point you connected the control module’s black ground wire.

H1/11 RED (+)12V constant power input

Before connecting this wire, remove the supplied fuse. Connect to the battery positive terminal or the constant
12V supply to the ignition switch.
NOTE: Always use a fuse within 12 inches of the point you obtain (+)12V. Do not use the 15A fuse
in the harness for this purpose. This fuse protects the module itself.

H1/12 RED/WHITE channel 2, 200mA (-) output

When the system receives the code controlling Channel 2, for longer than 1.5 seconds, the red/white wire will
supply an output as long as the transmission continues. This is often used to operate a trunk/hatch release or
other relay-driven function.
IMPORTANT! Never use this wire to drive anything but a relay or a low-current input! The transistorized output can only supply 200 mA of current. Connecting directly to a solenoid, motor, or other
high-current device will cause it to fail.

12

© 2000 Directed Electronics, Inc. Vista, CA

secondary harness (H2) wire connection guide
H2/1 GRAY/BLACK (-) diesel wait-to-start bulb input

Connect this wire to the wire in the vehicle that sends the signal to turn on the WAIT-TO-START bulb in the dashboard. In most diesels the wire is negative (ground turns on the bulb) and the GRAY/BLACK wire can be directly
connected to the wire in the vehicle. If the vehicle uses a positive wire (12V to turn on the bulb) a relay must
be used to change the polarity. Here are some common colors of this wire:
■ Chevrolet and GMC trucks - Light blue or dark blue
■ Ford Trucks - Black/pink
■ Dodge Ram Trucks - Orange/black or black/orange
NOTE! A 1-amp diode must be installed in line on the factory wire between the wait-to-start indicator and the ECM. (See the following diagram for details.)

© 2000 Directed Electronics, Inc. Vista, CA

13

H2/2 LIGHT GREEN/BLACK (-) factory disarm output

This wire sends a negative pulse every time the remote start is activated. This can be used to pulse the disarm
wire of the vehicle's factory anti-theft device. Use a relay to send a (-) or (+) pulse to the disarm wire as shown
in the diagrams below. This wire can also be used as a special accessory output. (See Feature Descriptions section
of this guide.)
Relay for Negative (-) Disarm Wire

Relay for Positive (+) Disarm Wire

H2/3 VIOLET/BLACK 200 mA (-) channel 4 output

This wire provides a (-) 200mA output whenever the transmitter button(s) controlling Channel 4 is pressed. This
output can be programmed to provide the following types of outputs (see also the Feature Menus section):
■ Validity: Output that will send a signal as long as the transmission is received.
■ Latched: Output that will send a signal when the Channel 4 button(s) is pressed and will continue until the
same button(s) is pressed again.
■ Latched, reset with ignition: Similar to the latched output, this type of output turns on the first time the
Channel 4 button(s) is pressed and turns off the next time the same button is pressed. This type of output
additionally stops and resets whenever the ignition is turned on and then off.
■ 30-second timed: Output that will send a continuous signal for 30 seconds.
■ Second unlock output: This output can also be programmed to provide a second unlock pulse whenever the
disarm button is pressed within 15 seconds after disarming the system. This setting could be used to unlock
the passenger doors when installing progressive door locks, for instance.
IMPORTANT! Never use this wire to drive anything but a relay or a low-current input! This transistorized output can only supply 200 mA, and connecting directly to a solenoid, motor, or other
high-current device will cause the module to fail.

14

© 2000 Directed Electronics, Inc. Vista, CA

relay satellite key switch interface
wire connection guide
The five heavy gauge wires coming from the relay satellite are used to energize high current circuits in the
vehicle. It is crucial that these connections are well-made and capable of handling the current demands. For this
reason, Scotch-Locks, T-taps and other such connectors are strongly discouraged.

RED (2) (+)12V input for relay

Remove the two 30-amp fuses prior to connecting these wires and do not replace them until the satellite has
been plugged into the control module. These wires are the source of current for all the circuits the relay satellite will energize. They must be connected to a high current source. Since the factory supplies (+)12V to the key
switch that is used to operate the motor, it is recommended that these wires be connected there.
NOTE: If the factory supplies two separate (+) 12V feeds to the ignition switch, connect one RED
wire of the satellite to each feed at the switch.

PINK (+) ignition output

Connect this wire to the ignition wire in the vehicle.
ORANGE (+) accessory output

Connect this wire to the accessory wire in the vehicle which powers the climate control system.
PURPLE (+) starter output

Connect this wire to the starter wire in the vehicle.
PINK/WHITE (+) second ignition output

Connect this wire to the second ignition wire in the vehicle.
NOTE: For vehicles that do not have a second ignition wire, this connection is not required.

© 2000 Directed Electronics, Inc. Vista, CA

15

remote start secondary harness (H3) wire
connection guide
H3/1 BLUE (-) status output

This wire supplies a 200mA output as soon as the module begins the remote start process. It can be used with a
relay to disconnect a sensor from the system as shown below. The H3/1 BLUE wire can also be used to rearm a
factory anti-theft system when the remote start shuts down. (See the Feature Descriptions section of this guide.)
To bypass an optional sensor:

H3/2 BLUE/BLACK (-) optional third ignition output

This output provides a 200mA output as soon as the remote starter is activated. It can be used to power a relay to
energize a positive (+) third ignition as shown below. This output is capable of driving two relays if necessary.

16

© 2000 Directed Electronics, Inc. Vista, CA

H3/3 GRAY (-) hood pinswitch input, zone 1

This wire MUST be connected to hood pinswitch. This input will disable or shut down the remote start when the hood
is opened. It will also trigger the security system if the hood is opened while the system is armed and report Zone 1.
H3/4 BROWN (+) brake switch input, zone 1

This wire MUST be connected to the vehicle's brake light wire. This is the wire that shows (+) 12V when the brake
pedal is depressed. The remote start will be disabled or shut down any time the brake pedal is depressed. This
wire will also trigger the security system if the brake pedal is pressed while the system is armed and will report
Zone 1.
H3/5 VIOLET/WHITE tachometer input

This input provides the module with information about the engine's revolutions per minute (RPMs). It can be
connected to the negative side of the coil in vehicles with conventional coils. In multi-coil and high energy ignition systems locating a proper signal may be more difficult. Once connected, you must teach the system the tach
signal. (See the Internal Programming Jumpers section of this guide.)
H3/6 BLACK/WHITE neutral safety switch input

Connect this wire to the provided toggle (override) switch as shown in figure A. Connect the other wire from the
toggle switch to the PARK/NEUTRAL switch in the vehicle. This wire will test with ground with the gear selector
either in PARK or NEUTRAL. This will prevent the vehicle from accidentally being started while in a drive gear.
This input MUST rest at ground in order for the remote start system to operate. Connected properly the vehicle
will only start while in PARK or NEUTRAL.
In some vehicles, the PARK/NEUTRAL position switch activates a factory starter lock out that will not allow the
starter to operate in a drive gear. In these vehicles, connect this wire to the toggle switch as shown in figure B.
Connect the other wire from the toggle switch to chassis ground.
IMPORTANT! Always perform the Safety Check section of this installation guide to verify that the
vehicle cannot be started in ANY drive gear and that the override switch is functioning properly.
Figure A

© 2000 Directed Electronics, Inc. Vista, CA

Figure B

17

neutral safety switch interface
Some vehicles do not have an electrical neutral safety switch. Instead, a mechanical neutral safety switch that
physically interrupts the starter wire is used when the vehicle is in any drive gear. If the remote start is interfaced before this switch, it will provide protection from starting in gear. However, some vehicles combine the
column shift mechanism and the mechanical neutral safety switch into one mechanical part. In these vehicles,
it is impossible to interface the remote start system before the neutral safety switch. With this type of vehicle,
if the car is left in a drive gear and the remote start system is activated, the vehicle will move and may cause
damage to persons or property.
According to available information, the only vehicles currently manufactured this way are most General Motors
trucks, sport utility vehicles and column shifting passenger cars. Available information also indicates that pre1996 Dodge Dakota pickups with 2.5 liter motors are manufactured this way as well.
GM vehicles that have the neutral safety switch built into the column shifter can usually be identified by a purple
starter wire. Typically, vehicles that use an outboard mechanical switch use a yellow wire from the ignition switch
to the mechanical switch and a purple wire from the mechanical switch to the starter itself. Remember, this is
only a rule of thumb and is not intended as a substitute for proper testing.
We suggest the following procedure to test for vehicles manufactured in this way.
NOTE: You must complete the remote start system installation before doing the following test.
Ensure that the remote start system is functioning normally. This includes connecting to the brake
as a shut-down.

testing the neutral safety switch
1. Make sure there is adequate clearance to the front and rear of the vehicle because it may move slightly.
2. Make sure the hood is closed and there are no remote start shut-downs active.
3. Set the emergency brake.
4. Turn the key to the "run" position, this will release the shifter.
5. Place the car in drive (D).
6. Place your foot directly over the brake pedal, but do not depress it. Be ready to step on the brake if the
starter engages.
7. Activate the remote start system.
8. If the starter engages, immediately depress the brake to shut the remote start system down. If the starter
does not engage, no additional safety system is required.

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If the starter engages and the vehicle is a General Motors product or Dodge Dakota pickup, refer to the following text and diagrams for an alternative shut-down method which will prevent the starter from engaging. If the
vehicle is not a General Motors product or a Dodge Dakota pickup, please call DEI® Technical Support for an alternative shut-down method. Do not return the vehicle to the customer until this feature is properly installed!
Every vehicle built in this fashion requires that the shifter be placed in park to remove the keys from the ignition. As a result, it is possible to use the key-in-ignition sense switch to prevent remote starting if the keys are
in the ignition. The following diagrams illustrate how to accomplish this. The first diagram applies to all General
Motors vehicles at the present time. The second diagram applies to all pre-1996 Dodge Dakota pickup trucks with
2.5 liter motors. This solution has one side effect - if the customer inserts the key in the ignition with the driver's
door open, the remote start system will shut down. If this interface is used it is important to inform the customer to close the driver’s door before inserting the key into the ignition when the remote start is active. This
will allow the customer to turn the key on and shut the remote start down by pressing the brake without the key
sense wire shutting down the unit prematurely.
In addition, you must connect a tan (+) shut-down input to the yellow wire on the relay satellite ribbon cable.
This prevents the remote start system from activating if the key is left in the "run" position. If your remote start
system only has one tan input, you must use diodes to isolate the ignition circuit from the brake switch input.
However, due to future manufacturer changes in vehicles, it is possible that this may not apply to all vehicles.
In addition, color variations are possible from model to model; make sure to test the circuit carefully. Please call
DEI Technical Support if you need assistance in making this interface.
IMPORTANT! Once the interface is complete, attempt to remote start the vehicle with the door
closed and the key in the ignition. The vehicle should not start. If it does, recheck the connections.
General Motors trucks, sport utility vehicles and column shifting passenger vehicles:

© 2000 Directed Electronics, Inc. Vista, CA

19

Pre-1996 Dodge Dakota pickups with 2.5 liter motors:

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bypassing GM vehicle anti-theft systems (VATS)
Vehicles with the GM VATS (Pass Key) systems have a resistor embedded in the ignition key. If the VATS decoder
module does not measure the proper resistance when the vehicle is started, the starter and fuel pump may be disabled for up to ten minutes. An optional "VATS pack" of resistors is available (p/n 652T). One of the resistors in the
pack will match the resistor in the key.
The VATS wires will be two very light-gauge wires coming out of the steering column. The colors of the wires vary,
but they are often contained in orange tubing - either both will be white wires, or one wire will be purple/white
and the other white/black. Determine the value of the resistor in the key. Then follow the diagram below to
bypass VATS during remote start operation. If the BLUE status output has been programmed for factory security
re-arm, use the H2/2 BLUE/BLACK third ignition output to control the relay.
NOTE: When connecting to the VATS wires, it is not important which wire is cut.

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1995 and newer vehicle anti-theft systems
(immobilizers)
1995 and newer vehicle anti-theft systems (immobilizers) require a bypass module. The bypass module allows for
easy interfacing, while still maintaining the OEM system’s integrity.

passlock I and passlock II (PL-1 and PL-2)
The Passlock I and Passlock II systems can be found in the following General Motors vehicles:
■ ‘95 and newer Cavalier and Sunfire
■ ‘96 and newer Achieva, Grand Am, and Skylark
■ ‘97 and newer Intrigue, Malibu, and Cutlass
■ ‘98 and newer trucks, vans, SUVs
■ ‘99 and newer Alero
■ 2000 and newer Impala and Saturn
Passlock I and II systems are VATS-evolved. Passlock systems still rely on the R-code to start, but the pellet is
no longer placed in the key. The resistor can now be found in the key switch. This allows for a greater number
of possible R-codes. In addition, Passlock systems require “seeing” the correct R-code at the correct time. To
bypass Passlock I and II, p/n 555L or p/n 555T is required.

passkey III (PK-3), transponder-based systems
The Passkey III system can be found in the following vehicles:
■ ‘97 and newer Park Avenue
■ ‘98 and newer Cadillac
■ ‘99 and newer U vans, Transport, Montana, and Silhouette
■ 2000 and newer Grand Prix, Lesabre, Monte Carlo, Lumina, Bonneville
■ 2001 and newer Aurora, Aztek and Rendezvous
Other transponder-based systems include: Acura, BMW, Dodge/Chrysler/Jeep, Ford, Honda, Infinity, Mazda,
Mercedes, Mitsubishi, Nissan, Toyota, Volkswagon, and Volvo.
PK-3 and the transponder-based systems use a transponder system that locks out the ignition and fuel system.
This transponder system is comprised of two parts. The first part, the transceiver, circles the key switch and is
activated when the key is placed in the key switch or turned to the run position. Upon activation, the trans-

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ceiver will excite the transponder, which is located (but not visible) in the head of the ignition key. The key
transponder will then send a unique code back to the transceiver for evaluation. If the code matches a valid code
of the system, the vehicle will be allowed to start. Most of these transponder-based systems can be bypassed
using p/n 555U. Some may require additional parts from the vehicle manufacturer. Consult you dealer for the
applications. For most Ford PATS transponders, p/n 555F can be used, except for the following vehicles, which
will require p/n 555U: ‘97 and newer Mark VII, and 2000 and newer Taurus/Sable, Contour/Mystique and Focus.

plug-in LED and valet/program switch
These plug into the module. The Status LED plugs into the small two-pin socket, while the Valet® /Program
Switch should be plugged into the larger blue two-pin connector. The Status LED fits into a 9/32-inch hole.
Status LED

Valet®/Program Switch

programmer interface, 3-pin black plug
The black 3-pin port is provided for personal computer programming of the unit. The unit can also be programmed using the Bitwriter (p/n 998T). When using the optional PC Interface module, or hand-held
programmer, it is possible to configure any and all of the programmable functions as well as lock the
Transmitter/Receiver and System Features Learn Routines so that unauthorized users cannot change the configuration or program transmitters to the unit.
When the learn routines have previously been programmed using an optional hand-held system programmer
(p/n 998T) or PC Interface module, they may have been locked. Before proceeding with reprogramming
the learn routines, they must be unlocked with either the 998T or the PC Interface module - this cannot be done
manually with the Valet switch.

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shock sensor harness, 4-pin connector
GREEN (-) multiplex input, zone 2

Inputs shorter than 0.8 seconds will trigger the Warn Away® response, while inputs longer than 0.8 seconds will
trigger full alarm sequence and report Zone Two. If installing an optional DEI® dual stage sensor, connect to the
green wire as shown below. The diagram below eliminates the need for diodes to isolate the sensors.
Diagram for adding optional DEI® dual stage sensor to green wire (Zone 2):

BLUE (-) multiplex input, zone 2

Inputs shorter than 0.8 seconds will trigger the Warn Away® response, while inputs longer than 0.8 seconds will
trigger full alarm sequence and will also report Zone Two.

RED and BLACK: RED is (+)12V constant, BLACK is (-) ground

Do not use these for anything besides the plug-in shock sensor.

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tach learning
To learn the tach signal:
1.

Start the vehicle with the key.

2.

Within 5 seconds, press and HOLD the Valet®/Program switch.

3.

The LED will light constant when the tach signal is learned.

4.

Release the Valet®/Program switch.

DRW-96

door lock harness (H4) wire connection guide
H4/A
H4/B
H4/C

______
______
______

GREEN

(-) LOCK, (+) UNLOCK OUTPUT

EMPTY

UNLESS USING 451M

BLUE

(-) UNLOCK, (+) LOCK OUTPUT

This system can control two common power door lock types without any additional parts! With certain vehicles,
or if an actuator is to be installed, either a 451M Door Lock Relay Satellite or two relays will be required.
IMPORTANT! If you mistake a Type C direct-wired system for a Type A positive-pulse system, the
module will be damaged!

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type A: (+) 12V pulses from the switch to the factory relays
The system can control Type A door locks directly, with no additional parts. The switch will have three wires on
it, and one will test (+)12V constantly. The others will alternately pulse (+)12V when the switch is pressed to
the lock or unlock position.
If you cannot get to the switch, and you find a set of wires that pulse (+)12V alternately on lock and unlock,
you must take care to ensure that it is not a Type C direct-wire system.
Here is a test: Cut the wire which pulses (+)12V on lock, and then operate the switch to unlock.
■ If all doors unlock, the vehicle uses type A system.
■ If you lose all door lock operation in both directions, you are operating the master switch in a Type C system.
■ If you lose all door lock operation of one or more, but not all motors stop operating, and other doors still
work, you have cut a wire leading directly to one or more motors. You must instead find the actual wires
leading to the switch.
Many domestically-made GM vehicles use Type A locks. However, many more GM vehicles are Type C than in previous years. The full-size pickups (1989-up), many of the S10 Blazers, the Corvette, '95 Cavalier/Sunfire 1993
and newer, Camaro/Firebird all use Type C door locks, and cannot be controlled without a 451M! Almost all
domestically-built Fords are Type C. Ford builds almost no Type A systems. Chrysler builds both Type A and Type
C, so use care.
IMPORTANT! Remember that these wires' functions reverse between Type A and Type B!

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type B: (-) pulses from the switch to the factory relays
This system is common in many Toyotas, Nissans, Hondas, and Saturns, as well as Fords with the keyless-entry
system (some other Fords also use Type B).
The switch will have three wires on it, and one wire will test ground all the time. One wire will pulse (-) when
the switch locks the doors, and the other wire will pulse (-) when the switch unlocks the doors. This type of
system is difficult to mistake for any other type.
IMPORTANT! Remember that these wires' functions reverse between Type A and Type B!

type C: reversing polarity
Interfacing with a reversing polarity system requires either two relays or one DEI® 451M (not included). It is
critical to identify the proper wires and locate the master switch to interface properly. Locate wires that show
voltage on lock and unlock. Cut one of the suspect wires and check operation of the locks from both switches.
If one switch loses operation in both directions and the other switch operates in one direction only, you have
located one of the target wires. The switch that lost all operation is the master switch. If one switch works both
directions and the other switch works only one direction, you have a Type A system. If both switches still
operate, but one or more doors has stopped responding entirely, you have cut a motor lead. Reconnect it and
continue to test for another wire. Once both wires have been located and the master switch identified, cut both
wires and interface as shown in the following diagram.
IMPORTANT! If these are not connected properly, you will send (+) 12 Volts directly to (-) ground,
possibly damaging the alarm or the factory switch.
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Type C: Reversing Polarity, cont.

type D: after-market actuators
In order for this system to control one or more after-market actuators, a DEI® 451M or two relays (optional) are
needed. Vehicles without factory power door locks require the installation of one actuator per door. This requires
mounting the door lock actuator inside the door. Other vehicles may only require one actuator installed in the
driver's door if all door locks are operated when the driver's lock is used. This type of installation is required to
operate factory lock systems in Volvo (except 850), SAAB, and most Mazda, Isuzu and Subaru models.
The fuse used on 12V inputs should be 7.5A per motor installed in the vehicle.
IMPORTANT! Do not connect the outputs of the alarm directly to the actuator!

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type E: mercedes-benz and audi (1985 & newer)
Type E door locks are controlled by an electrically activated vacuum pump. Some Mercedes and Audis use a Type
D system. Test by locking doors from the passenger key cylinder. If all the doors lock, the vehicle's door lock
system can be controlled with just two relays (optional). The control wire can be found in either kick panel and
will show (+)12V when doors are unlocked and (-) ground when doors are locked.
To interface see diagram below. The system must be programmed for 3.5 second door lock pulses. (See OperationSettings Learn Routine™ section of this guide.)

type F: one-wire system
This system usually requires a negative pulse to unlock, and cutting the wire to lock the door. In some vehicles,
these are reversed. It is found in late-model Nissan Sentras, some Nissan 240SX, and Nissan 300ZX 1992-up. It
is also found in some Mazda MPV's and some Mitsubishi's.
One relay (optional) is used to interface to this type of system as follows:

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29

type G: positive (+) multiplex
This system is most commonly found in Ford, Mazda, Chrysler and GM vehicles. The door lock switch or door key
cylinder may contain either one or two resistors. When interfacing with this type of door lock system, two relays
or a DEI 451M must be used.

single-resistor type

If one resistor is used in the door lock switch/key cylinder, the wire will pulse (+)12V in one direction and less
than (+)12V when operated in the opposite direction.
two-resistor type

If two resistors are used in the factory door lock switch/key cylinder, the switch/key cylinder will read less than
(+)12V in both directions.
determining the proper resistor values

To determine the resistor values, the door lock switch/key cylinder must be isolated from the factory door lock
system. For all testing, use a calibrated digital multimeter that is set to ohms.
1. Cut the output wire from the door lock switch/key cylinder in half.
2. Test with the meter from the switch side of the cut door lock switch/key cylinder wire to a reliable constant
(+)12V source. Some good constant (+)12V references are the power input source to the door lock switch/key
cylinder, the ignition switch power wire, or the (+) terminal of the battery.
3. Operate the door lock switch/key cylinder in both directions to determine the resistor values. If the multimeter displays zero resistance in one direction, no resistor is needed for that direction.
4. Once the resistor value(s) is determined, refer to the wiring diagram for proper wiring.
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type H: negative (-) multiplex
The system is most commonly found in Ford, Mazda, Chrysler and GM vehicles. The door lock switch or door key
cylinder may contain either one or two resistors.

single-resistor type

If one resistor is used in the door lock switch/key cylinder, the wire will pulse ground in one direction and resistance to ground when operated in the opposite direction.
two-resistor type

If two resistors are used in the factory door lock switch/key cylinder, the door lock switch/key cylinder will read
resistance to ground in both directions.
determining the proper resistor values

To determine the resistor values, the door lock switch/key cylinder must be isolated from the factory door lock
system. For all testing, use a calibrated digital multimeter that is set to ohms.
1. Cut the output wire from the door lock switch/key cylinder in half.
2. Test with the meter from the switch side of the cut door lock switch/key cylinder wire to a reliable ground
source. Some good ground references are the ground input source to the door lock switch/key cylinder or the
battery ground.
3. Operate the door lock switch/key cylinder in both directions to determine the resistor values. If the multimeter displays zero resistance in one direction, no resistor is needed for that direction.
4. Once the resistor value(s) is determined, refer to the wiring diagram for proper wiring.

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internal programming jumpers

tach threshold on/off
In most cases, this jumper can be left in the OFF position. Some new vehicles use less than 12 volts in their
ignition systems. The unit may have trouble learning the tach signal in these vehicles. Changing the jumper to
the ON setting changes the trigger threshold of the digital tach circuit so it will work properly with these vehicles. These vehicles include many newer Dodge/Chrysler/Plymouths, such as the Neon Cirrus/Stratus/Breeze and
LH-based cars.

light flash (+)/(-)
This jumper is used to determine the light flash output. In the (+) position, the on-board relay is enabled and
the unit will output (+)12V on the WHITE wire, H1/2. In the (-) position, the on-board relay is disabled. The
WHITE wire, H1/2, will supply a 200 mA (-) output suitable for driving factory parking light relays. KPO
NOTE: For parking light circuits that draw 10 amps or more, the internal jumper must be switched
to a (-) light flash output. P/N 8617 or a standard automotive SPDT relay must be used on the
H1/2 light flash output harness wire.

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™

transmitter/receiver learn routine

The system comes with two transmitters that have been taught to the receiver. The receiver can store up to four
different transmitter codes in memory. Use the following learn routine to add transmitters to the system or to
change button assignments if desired.
Using the optional DEI® Bitwriter™ or PC Interface, the learn routine may be locked. Make sure the learn routine
is unlocked before programming features. If the siren generates one long chirp when attempting to program the
unit, the learn routine is locked and must be unlocked using the DEI® Bitwriter™ or PC before proceeding.
The Valet®/Program button, plugged into the blue port, is used for programming. There is a basic sequence to
remember whenever programming this unit: Door, Key, Choose, Transmit and Release.
1.

Open a door. (The GREEN wire, H1/5, or the VIOLET, H1/7 must be connected.)

2.

Key. Turn the ignition on. (The heavy gauge PINK wire of the relay satellite must be connected.)

3.

Select the receiver channel. Press and release the Valet®/Program switch the number of
times necessary to access the desired channel. Once you have selected a channel, press and
HOLD the Valet®/Program switch once more. The siren will chirp and the LED will blink the
number of times corresponding to the channel that has been accessed.

NOTE: If adding a remote, a button must be taught to the unit in the Channel One or Channel Five
position prior to programming other channels.
CHANNEL NUMBER

FUNCTION

1

Arm/Disarm/Panic

2

Silent Mode™/Remote Valet®/Trunk Release

3

Remote Start

4

Second unlock or other accessories

5

Arm only

6

Disarm only

7

Panic only

8

Auto Learn Standard Configuration* (default)

9

Auto Learn Single Button Arm/Disarm Configuration*

10

Delete all transmitters

WIRE COLOR
RED/WHITE
VIOLET/BLACK

*NOTE: For Auto Learn Configurations, see Transmitter Configurations section of this guide.
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Channels Five, Six and Seven: Channels Five through Seven are used to assign the arm, disarm and panic functions to separate buttons on the remote control. Teaching a button to Channel Five erases all information about
that remote from memory. Any auxiliary functions that are desired will have to be reprogrammed. Similarly, if the
remote is set up to use the separate arm, disarm and panic channels and a button from that remote is entered
into Channel One, the remote will be erased from memory, and the system will only recognize the button that
was entered into Channel One.
Channel Ten: If any transmitter button from a known transmitter is programmed to Channel Ten, all transmitters
will be erased from memory. This is useful in cases when one of the customer's transmitters is lost or stolen. This
will erase any lost or stolen transmitters from the system's memory. It can also be used to start from scratch if
the transmitter buttons were programmed incorrectly.
4.

Press the transmitter button. While HOLDING the Valet®/Program switch, press the
button from the transmitter that you wish to assign to that channel. The unit will chirp
indicating successful programming. It is not possible to teach a transmitter button to the
system more than once.

5.

Release. Once the code is learned, the Valet®/Program button can be released.

You can advance from one channel to another by releasing the Valet® /Program button and tapping it to advance
channels and then HOLDING it. For example, if you want to program Channel Three after programming Channel
One, release the Valet®/Program button. Press it twice and release it to advance to Channel Three. Then press it
once more and HOLD it. The siren will chirp three times to confirm it is ready to receive the code from the transmitter.
Learn Routine™ will be exited if:
■ Ignition is turned off.
■ Door is closed.
■ Valet®/Program button is pressed too many times.
■ More than 15 seconds elapses between steps.
One long chirp indicates that Learn Routine™ has been exited.

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transmitter configurations
The transmitters can be programmed with the standard or single button arm/disarm configurations by using the
Auto Learn functions in the Transmitter/Receiver Learn Routine.

standard configuration
A remote that uses the standard configuration operates similarly to many factory keyless entry remotes. A standard configuration transmitter allows arming, disarming, and Panic Mode activation with separate buttons. When
programmed for standard configuration, the transmitter buttons are assigned to the following functions:
.....................................operates ...........................Arm only
...................................operates ...........................Disarm only
..................................operates ...........................Channel 2
...................................operates ...........................Panic
and
and

......................operate............................Remote Start
...................operate ..........................Channel 4

The standard configuration also allows the user to utilize Multi-Level Security Arming (described in the following section), a feature that cannot be accessed from a single button arm/disarm configuration transmitter.

single button arm/disarm configuration
When programmed for single button arm/disarm configuration, the transmitter buttons are assigned to the following functions:
.....................................operates ...........................Arm/Disarm/Panic
....................................operates ...........................Channel 2
..................................operates ...........................Remote Start
...................................operates ...........................Channel 4

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35

multi-level security arming
Multi-Level Security Arming is a feature that allows the user to select which of the system's inputs or sensors
will be active and which will be bypassed when the system is armed. (See Table of Zones section of this guide.)
Multi-Level Security Arming can only be accessed from a standard configuration transmitter. Pressing the arm
button of the standard configuration transmitter again within five seconds of arming the system will activate the
Multi-Level Security feature. Each time the arm button is pressed again, a different security level is selected. The
different levels of security are selected as follows:

■ Pressing

one time: The siren chirps once. The system is armed.

■ Pressing

a second time within five seconds: The siren chirps twice followed by a long chirp. Zone Two

is now bypassed.
■ Pressing

a third time within five seconds: The siren chirps three times followed by a long chirp. Zone

Four is now bypassed.
■ Pressing

a fourth time within five seconds: The siren chirps four times followed by a long chirp. Zones

Two and Four are now bypassed.
■ Pressing

a fifth time within five seconds: The siren chirps five times followed by a long chirp. All input

zones, except the ignition, are now bypassed.

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system features learn routine
The System Features Learn Routine dictates how the unit operates. It is possible to access and change any of the
feature settings using the Valet/program switch. However, this process can be greatly simplified by using the
optional Personal Computer Interface or Bitwriter (p/n 998T). Any of the settings can be changed and then
assigned to one of up to four transmitters. This feature is called Owner Recognition. Each time that particular
transmitter is used to disarm the system, the assigned feature settings will be recalled. Owner Recognition is only
possible when programming the unit via the computer interface or hand-held programmer.
If programming with the PC interface or the Bitwriter (p/n 998T), the learn routine can be locked or
unlocked. If the learn routine has previously been locked, it must be unlocked before proceeding with reprogramming the learn routine. This must be done by using either p/n 998T or the PC Interface module - this cannot
be done manually with the Valet switch. If the learn routine is locked, features cannot be changed.
To enter the System Features Learn Routine™:
1.

Open a door. (The GREEN wire, H1/5, or the VIOLET, H1/7 must be connected.)

2.

Ignition. Turn the ignition on, then back off. (The heavy gauge PINK wire of the relay
satellite must be connected.)

3.

Select a Menu. Press and HOLD the Valet®/Program switch. (The Valet®/Program switch
must be plugged into the blue port.) After three seconds the siren will chirp once indicating entry to the Basic Features Menu. If this is the menu you wish to access, release the
button and go on to Step 4. If the button is not released, you will jump to the next menu
and the siren will chirp twice. There are three possible menus. Once you have selected the
desired menu, release the Valet®/Program switch.

4.

Select a Feature. Press and release the Valet®/Program switch the number of times corresponding to the feature you wish to change. For example, to access the third feature, press
and release 3 times. Then press the button once more and HOLD it. The siren will chirp the
number of times equal to the feature you have accessed.

5.

Program the Feature. While holding the Valet®/Program switch, you can toggle the feature
on and off using the remote transmitter. Pressing the button that arms the system will
select the one chirp or default setting. Pressing the button that disarms the system (or the
Channel Two button when in the single button arm/disarm configuration) will select the
two chirp setting.

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NOTE: Some features have more than two possible settings. Pressing Channel One will select the one
chirp setting, pressing Channel Two will toggle through the two-chirp and higher settings.)
6.

Release. Release the Valet®/Program switch.

Once a feature is programmed:
■

Other features can be programmed within the same menu.

■

Another menu can be selected.

■

The learn routine can be exited if programming is complete.

To access another feature in the same menu:
1. Press and release the Valet®/Program switch the number of times necessary to advance from the feature you
just programmed to the next one you want to program.
2. Then press the Valet®/Program switch once more and HOLD it.
For example, if you just programmed the third feature in the menu and you would like to program the seventh
feature in the menu, you would press and release the Valet®/Program switch four times and then press it once
more and HOLD it. The siren would chirp seven times to confirm access to the seventh feature.
To select another menu:
1. Press and hold the Valet®/Program switch.
2. After three seconds, the unit will advance to the next menu and the siren will chirp, indicating which menu
has been accessed.
For example, if you just programmed some features in the first menu and you want to program a feature in the
third menu, press and HOLD the Valet®/Program switch. After three seconds, the siren chirps twice indicating
access to the second menu. Continue to hold the button and three seconds later the siren will chirp three times
indicating access to the third menu. Features in the third menu are then programmable following steps 4 through
6 of the System Features Learn Routine procedure.
To exit the learn routine:
The learn routine will be exited if any of the following occurs:
1. Close the open door.
2. Turn the ignition on.
3. There is no activity for longer than 15 seconds.
4. The Valet®/Program switch is pressed too many times.

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feature menus
The default settings are indicated in bold type. Features that have additional settings that can be programmed
using the Bitwriter are indicated with an asterisk (*).

menu #1 - basic features
FEATURE NUMBER

ONE-CHIRP SETTING (DEFAULT)

TWO-CHIRP SETTING

1-1

Active arming

Passive arming

1-2

Arm/disarm chirps on

Arm/disarm chirps off

1-3

Ignition-controlled door locks*

Standard door locks*

1-4

Active locking only

Passive locking

1-5

Panic with ignition on

No panic with ignition on

1-6

0.8 second door lock pulses

3.5 second door lock pulses

1-7

Forced passive arming on

Forced passive arming off

1-8

Automatic engine disable on

Automatic engine disable off

1-9

Armed When Driving (AWD) on

AWD off

1-10

Code Hopping on

Code Hopping off

menu #2 - advanced features

FEATURE NUMBER

ONE-CHIRP SETTING (DEFAULT)

TWO-CHIRP SETTING

2-1

Siren output constant

Siren output pulsed

2-2

30 second siren duration*

60 second siren duration*

2-3

Nuisance Prevention Circuitry on

Nuisance Prevention Circuitry OFF

2-4

Progressive door trigger

Instant door trigger

2-5

Disarm from Valet, 1 pulse

Disarm from Valet, 2-5 pulses

2-6

Door sensor bypass chirp on

Door sensor bypass chirp OFF

2-7

Ignition controlled domelight on

Ignition controlled domelight OFF

2-8

Single unlock pulse

Double unlock pulse

2-9

Factory disarm with Channel Two on

Factory disarm with Channel Two OFF

2-10

Channel Four validity

Channel Four: latched/latched, reset
with ignition/30-second timed/
second unlock output

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menu #3 - remote start options

FEATURE

ONE-CHIRP SETTING (DEFAULT)

TWO-CHIRP SETTING

3-1

Engine checking on

Engine checking OFF

3-2

Engine checking TACH

Engine checking VOLTAGE

3-3

Run time: 12 minutes*

Run time: 24 or 60 minutes*

3-4

Parking lights flashing

Parking lights constant

3-5

Crank time 0.6 seconds

0.8, 1.0, 1.2, 1.6, 1.8, 2.0, 4.0

3-6

Voltage check - high

Voltage check - low

3-7

Auxiliary output - factory disarm

Special accessory

3-8

Status output

Factory re-arm output

3-9

Anti-grind ON

Anti-grind OFF

feature descriptions
The features of the system are described below. Features that have additional settings that can be selected only
when programming with the PC interface or Bitwriter are indicated by the following icon:

menu #1 - basic features
1-1 ACTIVE/PASSIVE ARMING: When active arming is selected, the system will only arm when the transmitter
is used. When set to passive, the system will arm automatically 30 seconds after the last door is closed. To alert
the consumer of passive arming, the siren will chirp 20 seconds after the door is closed. This provides the consumer with an audible warning prior to the system actually arming. At the 30 second mark, the system will arm,
but the siren will not chirp.
1-2 CHIRPS ON/OFF: This feature controls the chirps that confirm the arming and disarming of the system.
1-3 IGNITION CONTROLLED DOOR LOCKS ON/OFF: When turned on, the doors will lock three seconds after
the ignition is turned on and unlock when the ignition is turned off. The TechSoft Programmer or the 998T
Bitwriter™ will display separate steps for ignition lock and ignition unlock. They can be programmed on or off
independently.

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1-4 ACTIVE/PASSIVE LOCKING: If passive arming is selected in Feature 1-1, then the system can be programmed
to either lock the doors when passive arming occurs, or only lock the doors when the system is armed via the
transmitter. Active locking means the system will not lock the doors when it passively arms. Passive locking means
that the system will lock the doors when it passively arms.
NOTE: Remember, when passive arming is selected, the unit will chirp 20 seconds after the last door
is closed. The system does not actually arm or lock the doors until 30 seconds after the door has
been closed.
1-5 PANIC WITH IGNITION ON: This feature controls whether or not the panic mode is available with the ignition on. In some states, there are laws prohibiting a siren sounding in a moving vehicle. This feature makes the
system compliant with these regulations.
1-6 DOOR LOCK PULSE DURATlON: Some European vehicles, such as Mercedes-Benz and Audi, require longer lock
and unlock pulses to operate the vacuum pump. Programming the system to provide 3.5 second pulses, will
accommodate the door lock interface in these vehicles. The default setting is 0.8 second door lock pulses. Some
modification to the door lock harness (H2) is also necessary. (See (+/-) Door Lock Outputs Harness (H4) section,
"Type E - Mercedes-Benz and Audi -1985 and Newer" diagram.)
1-7 FORCED PASSIVE ARMING ON/OFF: To use this feature, passive arming must be selected in Feature 1-1. When
turned on, forced passive arming will ensure that the system will passively arm, even if a zone is left open or
invalid. Forced passive arming occurs one hour after the ignition is turned off.
1-8 AUTOMATIC ENGINE DISABLE (AED) ON/OFF: AED is a full-time, passive starter disable that works independently of the security system. When turned on, the orange, ground-when-armed output (H1/1) will activate
30 seconds after the ignition is turned off. The LED will flash at half its normal rate when the ignition is turned
off to indicate that AED is active and will interrupt the starter in 30 seconds. AED does not occur in Valet® mode
and can be bypassed using the emergency override procedure. The transmitter can be used to disarm AED,
however, the system must be armed and then disarmed, using the transmitter, to disarm AED.
1-9 ARMED WHILE DRIVING (AWD) ON/OFF: In the default setting (Armed While Driving), the system can be
armed with the ignition on. When armed, the ground-when-armed is not active and the sensors are bypassed. The
door triggers will remain active.
1-10 CODE HOPPING™ ON/OFF: The system uses a mathematical formula to change its code each time the transmitter and receiver communicate. This makes the group of bits or "word" from the transmitter very long. The
longer the word is, the easier it is to block its transmission to the unit. Disabling the Code Hopping™ feature lets
the receiver ignore the Code Hopping™ part of the transmitted word. As a result, the unit may have better range
with Code Hopping™ off.

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menu #2 - advanced features
2-1 SIREN OUTPUT CONSTANT/PULSED: The system can be programmed to output pulses instead of a continuous output when the system is triggered. This is useful to honk the factory horn in applications where a siren is
undesirable. Remember that the unit is only capable of supplying 1 amp of current. A relay will be required to
interface with most factory horn systems.
2-2 SIREN DURATION 30/60 SECONDS: It is possible to program the unit to sound for 30 or 60 seconds
during the triggered sequence. Some states have laws regulating how long a security system can sound.
When using the TechSoft Programmer or Bitwriter™, the siren can be programmed to sound for any length of time
from 1 second to 180 seconds. Use the right and left arrows or the plus (+) and minus (-) keys on your keyboard
to change the siren duration in 1 second intervals. Holding down the key will rapidly increase or decrease the setting.
The desired siren duration can also be directly entered by using the number keys on your computer's keyboard.
2-3 NUISANCE PREVENTION CIRCUITRY™ (NPC™) ON/OFF: NPC™ stops repeated triggering of the same zone.
If one zone is triggered three times in one hour, that zone is bypassed for one hour, starting from the time of
the third trigger. During that hour, if the system sees a trigger on that zone again, the system resets the one
hour timer. If one hour passes and the zone has not triggered again, the zone is activated and can trigger the
system again. NPC™ only monitors sensor inputs, and does not bypass the door trigger or the ignition trigger at
any time. If NPC™ is turned off, the system will respond to repeated triggers on the sensor inputs and will do so
indefinitely. Some states have laws regulating how many times a security system can trigger before it is considered a nuisance and the vehicle is towed away.
2-4 PROGRESSIVE DOOR TRIGGER ON/OFF: The system responds to a door trigger input with a progressive
response. When the door is opened with the system armed, the siren will chirp 10 times prior to the full triggered sequence. The door trigger is still treated as an instant trigger and closing the door quickly will not prevent
full triggered sequence from occurring. If the progressive door trigger is programmed off, the full siren output
will occur the moment the door is opened.
2-5 VALET PULSE COUNT 1 TO 5 PULSES: The system can be programmed to count the number of presses of the
valet switch before disarming the security system. The factory default setting is one pulse. The unit can also be
set for two to five pulses.
Ghost Switch option: For added security, the GRAY wire on the two-pin Valet®/Program plug can be connected
to any switch in the vehicle that provides a positive (+) momentary pulse.
2-6 DOOR SENSOR BYPASS CHIRP ON/OFF: This feature controls the error chirp that is generated if the system
is armed with the door trigger active. This is useful in vehicles that have a long dome light delay after the door
has been closed. If the system is armed before the dome light has turned off, the security system will generate
the door trigger error chirp. If this error chirp is not desired, use this feature to disable the door open error chirp.
If the bypass chirp is turned off, no bypass chirp will be generated, even if a door is accidentally left open.

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2-7 IGNITION CONTROLLED DOME LIGHT SUPERVISION ON/OFF: If turned on, the system will turn on the dome
light for 60 seconds when the ignition is turned off. The optional dome light supervision feature must be installed
as described in the Wire Connection Guide.
2-8 DOUBLE PULSE UNLOCK ON/OFF: Some vehicles require two pulses on a single wire to unlock the doors.
When the double pulse unlock feature is turned on, the BLUE H4/C wire will supply two negative pulses instead
of a single pulse. At the same time, the GREEN H4/A wire will supply two positive pulses instead of a single pulse.
This makes it possible to directly interface with double pulse vehicles without any extra parts.
2-9 FACTORY ALARM DISARM WITH CHANNEL 2: In the default setting the factory alarm disarm output will
disarm the factory alarm system any time the button(s) controlling Channel Two is pressed.
2-10 CHANNEL 4 VALIDITY/LATCHED/LATCHED RESET WITH IGNITION/30 SECOND TIMED/SECOND UNLOCK
OUTPUT: Channel Four can be programmed for these output configurations. The unit is set to the default validity output. To change the configuration, use the two-chirp setting to toggle through the different configurations.

menu #3 - remote start options
3-1 ENGINE CHECKING ON/OFF: In the default setting the remote start will monitor either the vehicle's tach
wire or voltage depending on the programming of feature 3-2. If programmed OFF the vehicle will crank for the
programmed crank time (feature 3-5) and will not verify with tach or voltage that the car is running. In the OFF
setting, if the vehicle fails to start, the ignition can stay on for the entire run duration. Using tach or voltage
check is always recommended if possible.
3-2 CHECKING TYPE TACH/VOLTAGE: Selects the method of engine monitoring. If set to TACHOMETER the unit
will reference the learned tach signal to disengage the starter. In addition it will monitor the RPM and shut down
if the engine RPM is too high or too low. When set to VOLTAGE, the unit will crank the starter for the programmed
time and then attempt to sense that the engine is running by detecting an increase in voltage. The threshold
for the voltage check is selectable in feature 3-6.
3-3 RUN TIME 12, 24, 60 MINUTES: Selects the time in minutes that the system will operate the engine
until the system "times out". This is the maximum operation period and the system may be shut down
using a shutdown at any time. Using the Bitwriter, the run time can be programmed for any duration from 1-60
minutes.
3-4 PARKING LIGHTS FLASHING/CONSTANT: In the default setting, the unit will flash the vehicle's parking
lights (if connected) while remote started. The constant setting will turn the parking lights on solid for the entire
run duration.

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3-5 CRANK TIME 0.6/0.8/1.0/1.2/1.4/1.6/1.8/2.0/4.0 SECONDS: If the unit is programmed for no engine
checking or voltage sense, the crank time must be set to the appropriate duration. The default setting is 0.6
second. If a different crank time is desired, select feature 3-5 and select either 0.6 second by using the onechirp setting or toggle through the higher settings by using the two-chirp settings.
3-6 VOLTAGE CHECK HI/LOW: This feature only functions when programmed for voltage sense. Some vehicles
have many accessories, which are turned on when remote started. In these vehicles, the variation of voltage
between the engine off and the car running is very small and the remote start unit may "think" the vehicle has
not started. This can cause the remote start to shut-down after the car has been started. If this happens program
this feature to the LOW position.
3-7 AUXILIARY OUTPUT FACTORY DISARM/SPECIAL ACCESSORY: In the default setting this wire sends a negative pulse that may be used to disarm the vehicle’s factory security system. If programmed for a special accessory,
the wire can be used to energize a relay to power up extra ignition wires in the vehicle. This wire must be used
to energize circuits in the vehicle that operate accessories, such as the radio or heater.
3-8 BLUE WIRE STATUS OUTPUT/FACTORY SECURITY RE-ARM OUTPUT: The blue (H3/1) wire will supply a 200mA
(-) output for the entire remote start run time. If programmed for factory re-arm output, this wire will supply a
momentary 200mA (-) pulse whenever the remote start times out or is shut down with the transmitter. This can
be used to re-arm many factory security systems.
3-9 AUTOMATIC ANTI-GRIND ON/OFF: With the anti-grind ON (default) the ground-when-armed output will be
active during remote start operation. If accessories such as a voice module or window module are added to the
unit, it may be necessary to program this feature OFF.

nuisance prevention circuitry™
NPC™ requires that you change the way you test the system as NPC™ will bypass an input zone for 60 minutes.
If the system “sees” the same zone trigger three times AND the triggers are spaced less than an hour apart, the
system will bypass that input zone for 60 minutes. If that zone does not attempt to trigger the system during
the 60-minute bypass period, the zone’s monitoring will begin again at the end of the hour. If it does attempt
to trigger while bypassed, the 60-minute bypass starts over again.
Disarming and rearming the system does not reset NPC™. The only way to reset NPC™ is for the 60 minutes to
pass, without a trigger, or for the ignition to be turned on. This allows the system to be repeatedly triggered,
disarmed and rearmed, and still allow NPC™ to bypass a faulty zone.
When disarming the system, 5 chirps indicate NPC is activated. The LED will report the zone that has been
bypassed. (See Diagnostics section of this guide.)
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valet mode
To enter or exit valet mode with the valet/program switch:
1.

Turn the ignition key on and then off.

2.

At anytime during the next 10 seconds, press and release the Valet® switch. Now the Status
LED will light constantly if you have entered Valet® Mode, and go out if you have exited
Valet® Mode.

To enter or exit valet mode with the transmitter:
To enter or exit Valet® Mode with a transmitter:
1. Open any door.
2. Press

on the transmitter.

3. Press

.

4. Press

again. You have now entered or exited Valet Mode (verify by checking your status LED).

timer mode
This unit can be programmed to start and run the engine every three hours, for a maximum of six cycles. The
engine will run for the programmed run time and then shut down. After three hours, the system will restart the engine.
IMPORTANT! Timer Mode should be used only in open areas. Never start and run the vehicle in an
enclosed space such as a garage or carport.
To enter or exit timer mode with the transmitter:
The same procedure may be used to enter or exit Timer Mode using the remote transmitter:
1. Remote start the vehicle.
2. Press and release the transmitter button(s) controlling Channel Two.
3. Press and release the transmitter button(s) controlling remote start operation.
When entering Timer Mode, the engine should shut down. The parking lights (if connected) will flash four times
and the engine will restart. The system is in Timer Mode. The engine may be allowed to run for its programmed
run time, or the transmitter can be used to shut down the engine. Either way, the remote start system will restart
the engine again in three hours. Timer Mode is exited automatically after the sixth run cycle.
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To enter or exit timer mode manually:
1. Make sure the remote start system is not operating the engine.
2. Turn the ignition on.
Timer Mode will be exited and the parking lights will flash four times.

table of zones
When using the Diagnostic functions, use the Table of Zones to see which input has triggered the system. It is
also helpful in deciding which input to use when connecting optional sensors and switches.

ZONE NO.

TRIGGER TYPE

INPUT DESCRIPTION

1

Hood and/or Brake Trigger

GRAY and BROWN wires on the 6-pin shutdown harness.

2

Multiplexed Input

Heavy impact from the shock sensor.

3

Door Trigger

GREEN (H1/5) and VIOLET (H1/7).

4

Multiplexed Input

BLUE (H1/6)

NOTE: The Warn Away® response does not report on the LED.

shutdown diagnostics
to perform shutdown diagnostics
1. With the ignition OFF, press and hold the Valet/Program button.
2. Turn the ignition ON and then back OFF while holding the Valet/Program button.
3. Release the Valet/Program button.
4. Press and release the Valet/Program button. The LED will report the last shutdown for one minute or until
the ignition is turned on.

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LED FLASHES

SHUTDOWN MODE

One

Timed out

Two

Over-rev shutdown

Three

Low or no RPM

Four

Transmitter shutdown (or optional push-button)

Six

(-) Shutdown (H3/3 GRAY) or (+) Shutdown (H3/4 BROWN)

Seven

(-) Neutral safety shutdown (H3/6 BLACK/WHITE)

Eight

Wait-to-start timed out

long term event history
The system stores the last two full triggers in memory. These are not erasable. Each time the unit sees a full
trigger, the older of the two triggers in memory will be replaced by the new trigger. To access long term event
history:
1.

With the ignition off, press and HOLD the Valet®/Program switch.

2.

Turn on the ignition.

3.

Release the Valet®/Program switch.

4.

Press and release the Valet®/Program switch within 5 seconds. The LED will flash in groups
indicating the last two zones that triggered the unit for one minute or until the ignition
is turned off.

NOTE: The Warn Away triggers are not stored to memory and will not be reported.

© 2000 Directed Electronics, Inc. Vista, CA

47

safety check
Before vehicle reassembly, the remote system must be checked to ensure safe and trouble-free operation. The following test procedure must be used to verify proper installation and operation of the system. The installation
must be completed before testing, including connection to the brake switch and hood switch.
1. Test the BRAKE shutdown circuit: With the vehicle in Park (P), activate the remote start system. Once the
engine is running, press the brake pedal. The engine should shut down immediately. If the engine continues
to run, check the brake circuit connection.
2. Test the HOOD PIN shutdown circuit: With the vehicle in Park (P), open the hood. Activate the remote start
system. The vehicle should not start. If the starter engages, check your hood pin and connections.
NOTE: If programmed for Diesel Mode, the system will turn on the ignition, but the starter should
not engage with the hood open.
3. Test the NEUTRAL SAFETY shutdown circuit:
IMPORTANT! Make sure there is adequate clearance to the front and rear of the vehicle before
attempting this test.
a. Make sure the hood is closed and no other shutdown circuits are active.
b. Set the emergency brake.
c. Turn the ignition key to the run position but do not start the engine.
d. Put the vehicle in Drive (D).
e. Put your foot over the brake pedal but do not press down on it. Be ready to step on the brake to shutdown the remote start system.
f.

Activate the remote start system.
■ If the starter engages, immediately step on the brake to shut down the system. If it does engage,
recheck the neutral safety input connection. The vehicle may use a mechanical neutral safety switch.
(See H2/6 BLACK/WHITE neutral safety switch input in Remote Start Harness Wire Connection Guide
section of this guide.)
■ If the starter does not engage, the test is complete.

Once the system passes the three tests, the vehicle can be re-assembled and delivered. Do not the use the remote
start system or finalize the installation if it fails any of the safety check tests.

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troubleshooting
alarm troubleshooting
■ Starter kill doesn't work:
Is the correct wire being interrupted? If the car starts when the starter kill relay is completely disconnected, the
wrong starter wire has been cut and interrupted.
Is the yellow wire of the starter kill relay going to primary ignition? This wire must be powered in the run and
start positions.
■ Shock sensor doesn't trigger the alarm:
Has the NPC™ system been triggered? If so, you will hear 5 chirps when disarming. To check this, turn the ignition key on and off to clear the NPC™'s memory, and then retest the shock sensor. For a detailed description of
NPC™, see Nuisance Prevention Circuitry section of this guide.
■ Door input does not immediately trigger full alarm. Instead, chirps are heard for the first 3 seconds:
That's how the progressive two-stage door input works! This is a feature of this system. This is an instant trigger,
remember, since even if the door is instantly closed again, the progression from chirps to constant siren will continue.
■ Closing the door triggers the system, but opening the door does not:
Have you correctly identified the type of door switch system? This happens often when the wrong door input has
been used. (See Door Lock Harness Wire Connection Guide section of this guide.)
■ System will not passively arm until it is remotely armed and then disarmed:
Are the door inputs connected? Is the H1/6 blue wire connected to the door trigger wire in the vehicle? Either
the H1/5 green or the H1/7 violet should be used instead. (See wiring diagrams.)
■ Door input does not respond with the progressive trigger, but with immediate full alarm:
Does the Status LED indicate that the trigger was caused by the shock sensor? (See Diagnostics section of this
guide.) The shock sensor, if set to extreme sensitivity, may be detecting the door unlatching before the door
switch sends its signal. Reducing the sensitivity can solve this problem.
■ The Valet®/Program switch doesn't work.
Is it plugged into the correct socket? See Plug-In LED and Valet®/Program Switch section of this guide.
■ Status LED doesn't work.
You've probably guessed already, but here goes: Is it plugged in? (See Plug-In LED and Valet®/Program Switch
section of this guide.) Is the LED plugged into the correct socket?
■ Door locks operate backwards.
This unit has easily-reversed lock/unlock outputs. Recheck wire connections to see if you have reversed these.
© 2000 Directed Electronics, Inc. Vista, CA

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remote start troubleshooting
■ The remote start will not activate.
1. Check the harnesses and their connections. Make sure that the harnesses are completely plugged into the
remote start module. Make sure there are good connections to the vehicle wiring.
2. Check voltage and fuses. Use a meter to check for voltage between the red wire in the 5-pin ribbon harness
and the black ground wire. If you have less than battery voltage, check the 3A and both 30A fuses on the
relay satellite. Also make sure that the ground wire connects to a good chassis ground point.
3. Check diagnostics. The diagnostics will tell you which shutdown is active or not connected.
■ The remote start will activate, but the starter never engages.
1. Check for voltage on the purple starter wire two seconds after the remote start becomes active. If there is
voltage present, skip to Step 4. If there is not voltage present, advance to Step 2.
2. Check the 30A fuses.
3. Check diagnostics. If the gray/black wire is detecting ground upon activation, the starter will not crank.
4. Make sure the purple starter wire is connected on the starter side of the starter kill/anti-grind relay.
5. Does the vehicle have an immobilizer? Some immobilizer systems will not allow the vehicle to crank if active.
6. Check connections. The two red heavy gauge input wires on the relay satellite should have solid connections.
"T-taps" or "scotch locks" are not recommended for any high current heavy gauge wiring. Also, if the vehicle
has more than one 12-volt input wire, then connect one red wire to each.
■ The vehicle starts, but immediately dies.
1. Does the vehicle have an immobilizer? The vehicle’s immobilizer will cut the fuel and/or spark during unauthorized starting attempts.
2. Is the remote start programmed for voltage sense? If so, the start time may not be set high enough, or you
may have to adjust the voltage threshold in programming. Voltage sense will not work on some vehicles.
3. Check diagnostics. Sometimes a shutdown will become active during cranking or just after cranking.
■ The vehicle starts, but the starter keeps running.
1. Is the system programmed for engine checking off or voltage sense? When programmed for either of these
features, the engine cranks for the preprogrammed crank time regardless of how long it takes for the vehicle
to actually start. Adjust to a lower cranking time.
2. Was the Tach Learn successful? The LED must light solid and bright to indicate a successful learn.
3. Make sure that there is a tach signal at the purple/white tach input wire of the remote start. If there is not
a tach signal, recheck the connection to the vehicle’s tach wire and make sure the wire is not broken or
shorted to ground leading to the remote start.
■ The vehicle will start, but will only run for 10 seconds.
1. Is the remote start programmed for voltage sense? Try programming the unit for low voltage reference. If this
does not work, a tach wire should be used.
2. Check diagnostics.
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■ The climate control system does not work while the unit is operating the vehicle.
Either the wrong accessory wire is being energized or more than one ignition or accessory wire must be energized in order to operate the climate control system.

© 2000 Directed Electronics, Inc. Vista, CA

51

wiring quick reference guide

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© 2000 Directed Electronics, Inc. Vista, CA



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