Wi Lan EB05 Wireless Network Transmitter User Manual Libra 5800

Wi Lan Inc Wireless Network Transmitter Libra 5800

Users Manual

User ManualJune 2003 Rev 0Software Version 3.1
2 Libra 5800 Series User GuideWilLANImportant You can obtain the latest customer documentation for this product by visiting our web site at www.wi-lan.com. Click on Support ➔ Customer Documentation. Updated information will be posted regularly on this site and can be downloaded via the Internet.
June 2003 Rev 0 3ContentsContents ........................................................................................................3Important Information ................................................................................7Safety considerations ..........................................................................................................7 Warning symbols used in this book 7About this guide ..................................................................................................................8Notices ...........................................................................................................9Copyright notice .................................................................................................................9Regulatory notice ................................................................................................................9Other notices .....................................................................................................................10Warranty & repair .............................................................................................................10Customer support contacts ................................................................................................10Distributor technical support 10Contacting Wi-LAN Technical Support 11Wi-LAN product information 11Publication history ............................................................................................................11Description ..................................................................................................13Overview ...........................................................................................................................13Libra 5800 Series System Features ...................................................................................13About W-OFDM ...............................................................................................................14About Point-to-Multi-Point (P-MP) Systems ...................................................................15Access Point (AP) Equipment 15Customer Premise Equipment (CPE) 16Long Range Customer Premise Equipment (LCPE) 16Radio Operation Background 17About Point-to-Point (P-P) Systems .................................................................................18Rapid Deployment (RD) Equipment 18Extened Range (ER) Equipment 19
Contents4 Libra 5800 Series User GuideHardware ...........................................................................................................................20Specifications ....................................................................................................................24Configuration ..............................................................................................27Overview ...........................................................................................................................27Accessing the Main Menus ...............................................................................................28Access Methods 28Setting VT100 Arrows 30Powering up the unit .........................................................................................................32Quick-Start Menu .............................................................................................................33Exiting Setup 33Unit Configuration: 34Radio Configuration: 35Communication Parameters: 35Access Configuration: 37OFDM Channel Statistics: 38Link Test 38PDA Setup Menu ..............................................................................................................39Unit Configuration: 39Radio Configuration: 40Communication Parameters: 41Setup Menu - Second Screen 42Main System Menu ...........................................................................................................45System Revision Information ...........................................................................................46System Software ROM Images .........................................................................................48Viewing system software ROM images 48System Current Status .......................................................................................................48Viewing system current status 48System Security ................................................................................................................50Setting Ethernet and wireless access to the TCP/IP Stack 50Assigning Community Names 52Setting Menu Passwords 53Setting Auto Logout Timeout 59System Commands ...........................................................................................................60Setting Default System Image 60Reboot Current Image 60Rebooting a System Image 61Restoring the Factory Configuration 62Resetting MAC Layer Statistics 63Network Configuration .....................................................................................................64Setting the Internet IP Address 64Setting the Internet IP Mask 65VLAN Tagging 65VLAN Tagging ID 67
June 2003 Rev 0 5VLAN Tagging User Priority 68Setting Local Network MAC Filtering (LNMF) 68Radio Configuration .........................................................................................................70Setting the RF Station ID (P-MP Only) 70Setting the Sector ID 71Setting the Synchronization ID 72Setting the RF Center Frequency 72Setting Tx Power 74Setting the Modulation Type 75Remote Station Configuration Menu (P-MP Only) ..........................................................76IP/MBR Filter Configuration ............................................................................................78Setting the IP Filtering Option 78Configuring the IP Filter 79Setting the MBR Filtering Option 81MAC Layer Statistics ........................................................................................................84Using the Command Line .................................................................................................86Field Installation ........................................................................................ 89Introduction .......................................................................................................................89Libra 5800 field installation ..............................................................................................90Site preparation 90Tools and equipment 91Libra 5800 installation procedure 93Troubleshooting .........................................................................................97Preventative maintenance .................................................................................................97Troubleshooting areas .......................................................................................................98Troubleshooting chart 98Appendix A: Upgrading Software ..........................................................103Background Information .................................................................................................103Upgrading software via ftp .............................................................................................103Rebooting the Unit Using Menu Commands 105Rebooting the Unit Using FTP "Reboot" Files 105Appendix B: SNMP MIB .........................................................................107Overview .........................................................................................................................107Obtaining SNMP Software .............................................................................................108Using Wi-LAN MIB Object Identifier Nodes ................................................................108System Commands 108Network Configuration 109Radio Configuration 110
Contents6 Libra 5800 Series User GuideSystem Security 112IP Filter Configuration 112System Current Status 113MAC Layer Statistics 114Appendix C: Simple Link Planning Worksheet ....................................117AP (for P-MP) or Base (for P-P) Information ................................................................117CPE (for P-MP) or Remote (for P-P) Information .........................................................118Appendix D: Linktest and Link Statistics ..............................................119Overview .........................................................................................................................119Performing a Linktest .....................................................................................................119Linktest variables 120Appendix E: Bench Configuration Testing ............................................123Overview .........................................................................................................................123Setup process ..................................................................................................................123Tools and equipment .......................................................................................................124Checking shipping package contents ..............................................................................124Assembling the Libra Units ............................................................................................126Configuring the units ......................................................................................................127Configuring a P-MP System 127Configuring a P-P System 128Testing the units ..............................................................................................................129Testing the RF link with Linktest 129Performing simple network tests 131Glossary .....................................................................................................133Index ..........................................................................................................145Menu Map .................................................................................................153
June 2003 Rev 0 7Important InformationSafety considerationsThis document must be reviewed for familiarization with the product, instructions, and safety symbols before operation.Verify that local safety regulations are adhered to during installation with regard to grounding and lightning protection. Verify that the correct AC power source is available for the Power Inserter.Disconnect the product from operating power before cleaning. Warning symbols used in this bookWARNING: Injury or death may result from failure to heed a WARNING.Do not proceed beyond a WARNING until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met.! CAUTION: Damage to equipment may result from failure to heed a caution. Do not proceed beyond a ! CAUTION until the indicated conditions are understood and met.Important: Indicates critical information to be aware of which may affect the completion of a task or successful operation of equipment. WARNINGAll antennas must be installed by a knowledgeable and professional installer.! CAUTIONAn antenna must be connected to the AP, LCPE or ER units before powering up the equipment. Powering up equipment without an antenna connected can permanently damage the unit or the RF transmission cable!!
Important Information8 Libra 5800 Series User GuideAbout this guideThis guide describes the common features of the Libra 5800-Series Broadband Wireless Access System family of products from Wi-LAN Inc. This guide is organized in the following sections. Description,page 13, explains Broadband Wireless Access, the theory behind W-OFDM, how a BWS system operates, and the function of the various parts.Configuration,page 27, describes how to configure the units so they will function as part of their new network.Field Installation,page 89 guides you through the process of setting up Customer Premise Equipment units.Troubleshooting,page 97, explains how to fix some of the most common problems. Appendix A: Upgrading Software,page 103, tells how to upgrade software.Appendix B: SNMP MIB,page 107, explains the Simple Network Management Protocol software used to remotely control the APs and CPEs.Appendix C: Simple Link Planning Worksheet,page 117, gives a worksheet for calculating the link budget for a simple situation.Appendix E: Bench Configuration Testing,page 123, explains how to set up the BWS units in a controlled environment such as a lab, configure them and test their basic operation.Glossary,page 133, explains product terminology.Index,page 145, can be used to quickly locate information on particular topics.Menu Map,page 153, shows the Main System Menu and its submenus.! CAUTIONChange the passwords and community names as soon as possible. Default community names and passwords given in this book are provided to all customers and are not secure.
June 2003 Rev 0 9NoticesCopyright noticeCopyright© July 2003 Wi-LAN, Inc.All rights reserved.This guide and the application and hardware described herein are furnished under license and are subject to a confidentiality agreement. The software and hardware can be used only in accordance with the terms and conditions of this agreement.No part of this guide may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means – electronic, mechanical, or otherwise, including photocopying and recording – without the express written permission of Wi-LAN, Inc.While every effort has been made to ensure that the information contained in this guide is correct, Wi-LAN, Inc. does not warrant the information is free of errors or omissions.Information contained in this guide is subject to change without notice.Regulatory noticeThe specifications and parameters of the device described in this document are subject to change without notice. For Canadian regulatory information, go to www.ic.gc.ca. For American regulatory information, see www.fcc.gov. For European regulatory information, see www.etsi.org.This equipment generates, uses and radiates energy on radio frequencies and, if not installed and used in accordance with this guide, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation.
Notices10 Libra 5800 Series User GuideIf this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to correct the interference by one or more of the following methods:• reorient or relocate the receiving antenna• move the equipment and receiver farther apart• connect equipment to an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connectedOther noticesChanges or modifications to the equipment not expressly approved by Wi-LAN, Inc., could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment.Appropriately shielded remote I/O serial cable with the metal connector shell and cable shield properly connected to chassis ground shall be used to reduce the radio frequency interference.All antenna installation work shall be carried out by a knowledgeable and professional installer.The parts in some Libra 5800 versions are Imperial sizes – inches and fractions of a inch. Do not attempt to mix Imperial nuts, bolts and screws with similar metric hardware. This will strip the threads. Warranty & repairPlease contact the party from whom you purchased the product for warranty and repair information. Wi-LAN provides no direct warranty to end users of this product. Customer support contactsUsers of Wi-LAN equipment who require technical assistance must contact their reseller or distributor. For information on distributors in your area, please visit www.wi-lan.com/channel.Distributor technical supportDistributors may contact Wi-LAN’s Technical Support on Wi-LAN’s products.When requesting support, please have the following information available• configuration of the system, including models of Wi-LAN equipment, versions and serial numbers• antenna type and cable lengths• site information, including possible RF path problems, such as trees, buildings and other RF equipment in the area• distance of the RF link• configuration of unit.• description of the problem
Publication historyJune 2003 Rev 0 11Contacting Wi-LAN Technical SupportWi-LAN product informationTo obtain information regarding Wi-LAN products, contact the Wi-LAN distributor in your region, or call 1-403-273-9133 to speak with a Wi-LAN sales representative or visit our web site at www.wi-lan.com.Publication historyBy Telephone Call: 1-403-273-9133Business hours: 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. Mountain Standard Time (GMT - 7)By e-mail Send an e-mail message to: techsupport@wi-lan.comRevision Date DescriptionRev 1 July 2003 First public release of this manual.
Notices12 Libra 5800 Series User Guide
June 2003 Rev 0 13DescriptionOverviewThis information in this guide applies to the "LIBRA 5800" Series products, including the following.This chapter presents an overview of the LIBRA 5800 Series product.Libra 5800 Series System Features• Point-to-Point (P-P) system: Rapid Deployment (RD) units with integral 23 dBi antena or Extended Range (ER) units with N-Type (F) RF connector for use with high gain external antenna.• Point-to-Multi-Point (P-MP) system: Access Point (AP) with N-Type (F) RF connector for use with external sectoral, omni or other antennas, Customer Premise Equipment (CPE) with integrated 23 dBi antenna and Long Range CPE (LCPE) with N-Type RF connector for use with high gain external antenna• fast transmission speeds–up to 32 Mbps raw data rate in 10 MHz channel (12.5 MHz separation)• Efficient use of spectrum• cost-effective–wireless solution is inexpensive compared to wire line alternatives• fast and easy to deploy• enhanced multipath capabilities enable non-, near- and obstructed-line-of-sight operation• operates in the unlicensed 5.8 GHz band• advanced error recovery and signal processing• easy-to-operate user interface and system configurationData Rate / Channel Size BWS Model Frequency (TDD System)32 Mbps, 12.5 MHz channel separation Libra 5800 CPE TX&RX:5725-5850 32 Mbps, 12.5 MHz channel separation Libra 5800 LCPE TX&RX:5725-5850 32 Mbps, 12.5 MHz channel separation Libra 5800 AP TX&RX:5725-5850 32 Mbps, 12.5 MHz channel separation Libra 5800 RD TX&RX:5725-5850 32 Mbps, 12.5 MHz channel separation Libra 5800 ER TX&RX:5725-5850
Description14 Libra 5800 Series User GuideAbout W-OFDMThe Libra system uses Wi-LAN’s patented Wide-band Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (W-OFDM) technology to process, transmit and receive data in parallel fashion over the air. W-OFDM divides a wide RF frequency band into several subchannels that work together to deliver data, similar to splitting a road into several lanes that together can handle more traffic than a single lane.W-OFDM offers many advantages, including effective use of bandwidth, resistance to interference, ability to take advantage of multipath characteristics, and advanced error correction and recovery. Because data is spread across all the channels, interference usually affects only a few channels rather than all channels, and lost data can be easily recovered. Since W-OFDM is insensitive to interference, the amount of ongoing tuning, adjustment and maintenance is minimized. Both multipoint networks and point-to-point backbone systems are supported.The following diagram illustrates the main concept behind W-OFDM. The available frequency spectrum is divided into subchannels. Each subchannel is orthogonal, meaning that the peak signal strength of each signal occurs at the null or point of minimum signal strength of its neighbor, so adjacent subchannels do not interfere with each other. Data is carried in parallel across the subchannels.Orthogonal Arrangement of W-OFDM SubchannelsSignal StrengthFrequencySubchannel (shaded for clarity)NullZoneOperatingFrequency Range
About Point-to-Multi-Point (P-MP) SystemsJune 2003 Rev 0 15About Point-to-Multi-Point (P-MP) SystemsTwo kinds of equipment are required for a wireless P-MP link: Access Point (AP) equipment and Customer Premise Equipment (CPE). AP equipment is located at the service provider’s site and CPE equipment is located at the customer’s site. The LIBRA 5800 P-MP product is available as an AP, a CPE with integrated 23 dBi antenna or an LCPE for connection to higher gain external antennas.LIBRA 5800 P-MP System ComponentsAccess Point (AP) EquipmentThe AP controls communication within the wireless network and is the main access point to the Ethernet.The access point communicates with the CPE’s in the system to provide each CPE with Access to the main network (ie Ethernet). The access point is typically located at a distance away from the CPE that will provide adequate radio signal strength for the specified data rates.WorkstationHubComputerSectoral AntennaAccess PointOutdoor CAT-5CablePower InserterCPE withIntegratedPanel AntennaOutdoor CAT-5CablePower Inserter
Description16 Libra 5800 Series User GuideThe Access Point is responsible for any CPE data management functions.The Libra 5800 AP consists of three parts: 1) AP radio unit, 2) Ethernet Power Inserter with CAT-5 cable (bought separately) and weatherproofing kit (included), and 3) the External Antenna and cable (both bought separately). •LIBRA 5800 AP– The AP is the main piece of radio equipment. It is designed for outdoor installation but can also be installed indoors if needed. The AP is equipped with an N-type (F) RF connector so that the external antenna can be connected to it. Thus many different types of base stations can be deployed using sectoral, omni or other specialized antennas. •Ethernet Power Inserter– This piece of equipment is a small box that connects between the CPE and the P.C. This box also provides power for the AP equipment to run. A CAT-5 outdoor cable is used to connect the Power inserter to the AP. The weatherproofing kit is used with standard RJ-45 connector to ensure reliable connection for outdoor systems. •Antenna and Cable– In order to accomodate different frequency re-use plans and scalability of the base stations the AP is designed to be used with an external antenna. Antennas and cables are selected by the user based on the network requirements. Customer Premise Equipment (CPE)The CP equipment connects customers to the AP via a wireless link. The link enables customers to communicate with other users of the wireless network and the Ethernet.Customer Premise Equipment has two parts: 1) CPE radio unit and 2) Ethernet Power Inserter with CAT-5 cable (bought separately) and weatherproofing kit (included).•LIBRA 5800 CPE– The CPE is the main piece of equipment that would normally be installed outdoors (indoor installation is permitted when feasible) The CPE contains all of the necessary radio equipment to provide a high-speed wireless link. The CPE also has an integral antenna such that no RF cables are required for a typical installation.•Ethernet Power Inserter– This piece of equipment is a small box that connects between the CPE and the P.C. This box also provides power for the CPE equipment to run. A CAT-5 outdoor cable is used to connect the Power Inserter to the CPE. The weatherproofing kit is used with standard RJ-45 connector to ensure reliable connection for outdoor systems. Wireless network activity focuses on the AP, which is both the main access point to the Ethernet (LAN or WAN) and the destination for CPE-originated communications (CPEs do not communicate directly with other CPEs—they communicate only via the AP). CPEs complete the customer-end of a wireless link.Long Range Customer Premise Equipment (LCPE)The LCP equipment also connects customers to the AP via a wireless link. The LCPE enables the customer to reach longer ranges by allowing the connection to a higher gain external antenna. It can also be used for indoor installation of the units should severe weather conditions require it. The antenna is then mounted outdoors and connected via appropriate RF cables to the unit. One other alternative which customers may want to consider is to use lower gain antennas with systems that are very close to the Base Station to mitigate some interference concerns without recourse to dynamic power control.
About Point-to-Multi-Point (P-MP) SystemsJune 2003 Rev 0 17The Libra 5800 LCPE consists of three parts: 1) LCPE, 2) Ethernet Power Inserter with CAT-5 cable (bought separately) and weatherproofing kit (included), and 3) the External Antenna and cable (both bought separately). •LIBRA 5800 LCPE– The LCPE is the main piece of equipment. It is designed for outdoor installation but can also be installed indoors if needed. The LCPE is equipped with an N-type connector so that the external antenna can be connected to it. Thus the range of the P-MP system can be significantly increased by use of higher gain antennas. Also, in situations where very severe conditions may be encountered outdoors the LCPE can be installed indoors with cabling to the antenna outside. •Ethernet Power Inserter– This piece of equipment is a small box that connects between the LCPE and the P.C. This box also provides power for the LCPE equipment to run. A CAT-5 outdoor cable is used to connect the Power inserter to the LCPE. The weatherproofing kit is used with standard RJ-45 connector to ensure reliable connection for outdoor systems. •Antenna and Cable– In order to accomodate different range requirements for P-MP links, the LCPE is designed to be used with an external antenna. Antennas and cables are selected by the user based on the network requirements. Radio Operation BackgroundThe Libra 5800 communicates using a technique call Time Division Duplexing (TDD) in both the P-P and P-MP configurations. TDD uses one frequency for both the Down Link (DL) Transmission (Base to Remote in P-P, or AP to CPEs in P-MP), and for the Up Link (UL) (Remote to Base in PP or CPEs to AP in P-MP). The DL and UL transmissions are performed at different times, therefore the system is known as a Time Division Duplexing system. The available frequency band is therefore separated into multiple TDD channels allowing for use of the whole frequency bands for very high capacity. Time Division Duplexing ChannelsIn addition to using TDD, in a P-MP system, the AP and CPE also use Time Division Multiplexing (TDM). TDM is a process of using time slots to allow the AP to transmit to multiple CPEs during a single transmit cycle. During the Up Link cycle each CPE is polled and if it has data it transmits in turn. This is known as Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA). All CPEs thus share the bandwidth available by allocating time slots in turn to each of the units on both transmit and receive channels. The following diagram shows TDM in a DL and TDMA in the UL. Each slot is allocated to a different CPE. In the Wi-LAN system each slot may vary in time depending on traffic destined for each of the CPEs. CPEs that are not very active will also be polled less frequently thus reducing the latency of F1 F2 F3 ...... FnTDD Channels
Description18 Libra 5800 Series User Guidethe system. Once they are ready to transmit or receive they will move up the polling list and will be polled more often. Time Division Multiplexing/Time Division Multiple Access (TDM/TDMA)Antenna characteristics and placement are critical. Because of W-OFDM’s excellent Non-Line of Sight performance and its resistance to frequency selective multipath fading CPE directional antennas do not have to be pointed directly at the AP antenna. Having a clear line of sight is always preferable, but is not necessary with the BWS series. There are cases in which the optimal performance is acheived when the CPE antenna does not point directly to the AP (e.g. when using reflection off a nearby structure to avoid an absorbing obstruction).About Point-to-Point (P-P) SystemsFor P-P systems Libra 5800 comes in two versions, the Rapid Deployment (RD) and the Extended Range (ER) units. P-P links are used when only two locations are connected, for example for backhaul purposes between P-MP Base Stations and the Network Operating Center for connection to the Internet backbone, or in situations where throughput requirements between two locations are such that the bandwidth can’t be shared. Rapid Deployment (RD) EquipmentThe RD equipment is intended for very rapid installation of a P-P link and can be used for links of up to 16 kms (up to 12 kms at full 32 Mbps bandwidth). RD Equipment has two parts: 1) RD and 2) Ethernet Power Inserter with CAT-5 cable (bought separately) and weatherproofing kit (included).•LIBRA 5800 RD– The RD is the main piece of equipment that is normally installed outdoors (indoor installation is permitted when the range and link budget allows it) The RD contains all of the necessary radio equipment to provide a high-speed wireless link. The RD also has an integral 23 dBi antenna such that no RF cables are required for a typical installation.•Ethernet Power Inserter– This piece of equipment is a small box that connects between the RD and the Ethernet network. This box also provides power for the RD equipment to run. A CAT-5 outdoor cable is used to connect the Power inserter to the RD. The weatherproofing kit is used with standard RJ-45 connector to ensure reliable connection for outdoor systems. DLslot1DLslot2 UL SF1...... DL slot-nDL superframeDL TDMUL SF2 UL SFmUL TDMAUL superframes
About Point-to-Point (P-P) SystemsJune 2003 Rev 0 19Extened Range (ER) EquipmentThe ER Equipment allows for the use of different external antennas to achieve links of much longer range (up to 66 kms). It can also be used for indoor installation of the units should severe weather conditions require it. The antenna is then mounted outdoors and connected via appropriate RF cables to the unit. The Libra 5800 ER consists of three parts: 1) ER, 2) Ethernet Power Inserter with CAT-5 cable (bought separately) and weatherproofing kit (included), and 3) the External Antenna and cable (both bought separately). •LIBRA 5800 ER– The ER is the main piece of equipment. It is designed for outdoor installation but can also be installed indoors if needed. The ER is equipped with an N-type connector so that the external antenna can be connected to it. Thus the range of the P-P system can be significantly increased by use of higher gain antennas. Also, in situations where very severe conditions may be encountered outdoors the ER can be installed indoors with cabling to the antenna outside. •Ethernet Power Inserter– This piece of equipment is a small box that connects between the ER and the Ethernet network. This box also provides power for the ER equipment to run. A CAT-5 outdoor cable is used to connect the Power inserter to the ER. The weatherproofing kit is used with standard RJ-45 connector to ensure reliable connection for outdoor systems. •Antenna and Cable– In order to accomodate different range requirements for P-P links, the ER is designed to be used with an external antenna. Antennas and cables are selected by the user based on the network requirements.
Description20 Libra 5800 Series User GuideHardwareThis section describes the LIBRA 5800 hardware. Although antennas are part of the equipment in general, antennas are not discussed here.The LIBRA 5800 product has two connectors on the back panel. 1) Power/Ethernet Port 2) Serial Port. The connectors are common for all types of Libra 5800 equipment. The AP, ER and LCPE units also have a female N-Type connector on the front panel for connection to the antenna. Libra 5800 Connection PanellCAT-5 Weatherproofing KitPower/Ethernet Port Standard RJ 45 Ethernet Connector. A weatherproofing kit is provided with the unit, so that standard outdoor CAT-5 cable can be used. Serial Port 5-pin female connector. A matching connector and cable is available separately for local configurationPower/Ethernet PortSerial PortPower/Ethernet PortSerial Port
HardwareJune 2003 Rev 0 21Libra 5800 AP, ER and LCPE Front Panel RF ConnectorEthernet Power InserterItem Description1 To Ethernet LAN2 To Libra 5800 Radio3 Main AC Power CordN-Type Connector132
Description22 Libra 5800 Series User GuideHardware Mounting Kit for Libra 5800Large Pipe Diameter Mounting Configuration Unit can be rotated by 90o tooperate in either vertical orhorizontal polarization. See the arrow on the antenna forproper direction before connecting to mounting hardware.
HardwareJune 2003 Rev 0 23Small Pipe Diameter Mounting ConfigurationWall Mounting Configuration Knuckle (allows forPan and Tilt; can be used in all otherConfigurationsTo UnitTo Wall
Description24 Libra 5800 Series User GuideSpecificationsRadio Specifications:Diagnostics:Libra 5800 P-PRD and ERLibra 5800 P-MPAP & CPE/LCPEOut put Power (average) +17dBm to -3dBm, all channels+17dBm to -3dBm, all channelRF Frequency Band (Tx/Rx) 5725 MHz t o 5850 MHz 5725 MHz t o 5850 MHzChannel Assignments Field Selectable in 0.25 MHz stepsField Selectable in 0.25 MHz stepsChannel Size/Separation 10MHz/12.5 MHz 10MHz/12.5 MHzRx Sensitivity at 1E-06 BER -84 dBm BPSK-81 dBm QPSK-75 dBm 16QAM-84 dBm BPSK-81 dBm QPSK-75 dBm 16QAMData Rate Raw/Effective 32 Mbps/24 Mbps 32 Mbps/24 MbpsPower / Ethernet Cable Length Max Length:40m Max Length: 40mIntegrated Antenna 23 dBi (RD Only) 23 dBi (CPE Only)RF Connector N Type (Female, ER only) N Type (Female, AP/LCPE Only)RF Technology W-OFDM (16 QAM, QPSK, BPSK)W-OFDM (16 QAM, QPSK, BPSK)Duplexing Format TDD TDDCertification FCC/IC/SRRC/Others on demandFCC/IC/SRRC/Others on demandRange (@BER 1E-6, 99.95% Availability)Up to 66 kms Up to 35 kmsSerial Port Diagnostic Accessl Weatherproof 5 Pin DIN RS-232 FormatWeatherproof 5 Pin DIN RS-232 FormatMonitor /Control Via 5 Pin DIN RS-232 Via 5 Pin DIN RS-232Network Connection 10/100 Base T with 802.3 & Ethernet II10/100 Base T with 802.3 & Ethernet IIMAC Address Filtering Prevents local MAC address packet from RF transmission. Prevents local MAC address packet from RF transmission.
Description25 Libra 5800 Series User GuideWireless Networking:Security:Management:Physical:Libra 5800 P-PRD and ERLibra 5800 P-MPAP & CPE/LCPENetwork Topologies Point -to-Point Point -to-MultipointRF Collision Management Dynamic Polling withDynamic Time AllocationDynamic Polling withDynamic Time AllocationPrivacy Proprietary Phase Randomization over RF LinkProprietary Phase Randomization over RF LinkConfiguration security Password Protected Password ProtectedRemote Management SNMP & Telnet SNMP & TelnetLocal Management Port RS-232 Serial Port, DB-9 Conn.RS-232 Serial Port, DB-9 Conn. Management Port FunctionalitySupport system configuration, security access control, wireless LAN diagnostics & management, menu driven ASCI I interface.Support system configuration, security access control, wireless LAN diagnostics & management, menu driven ASCI I interface.Software Management FTP, Flash upgradeable in the fieldFTP, Flash upgradeable in the fieldConfiguration Access Remote: SNMP, Telnet Local :RS-232,Telnet ,SNMPRemote: SNMP, Telnet Local :RS-232,Telnet ,SNMPPower Consumption <30W <30WDimensions CPE (w/h/d) 12"x12"x3.5" (RD)9"x9"x2.5" (ER)12"x12"x3.5" (CPE)9"x9"x2.5" (AP/LCPE)Dimensions Power Inserter (w/h/d)6.2/5/12.6cm 6.2/5/12.6cmWeight 2.5 kgs (RD)2.0 kgs (ER)2.5 kgs (CPE)2.0 kgs (AP/LCPE)Operating Temperature -45 to +50C -45 to +50C
Description26 Libra 5800 Series User Guide
June 2003 Rev 0 27ConfigurationOverviewThis section explains how to access and use the configuration menus. Menu items are described in the order that they appear in the main menu.There are three different menu trees available to the user as follows: • The Main System Menu - This is the normal menu used by the user and contains all of the sub-menus and contains detailed information related to the operation of the unit. • The Setup Menu - This menu is the one that comes up the first time the unit is powered up. It displays configuration parameters that can be modified to allow the user to get the Libra unit up and running quickly. When the user is done with the setup a command can be exe-cuted that will cause the Main System Menu to come up the next time the user logs in. The Setup menu canbe brought up again at any time from the main menu by selecting the "Setup" option. • The PDA Setup Menu - This menu has its own logon id and like the Setup menu above is used to allow the user to configure the Libra unit quickly. A PDA can be connected to the serial port of the Libra unit using a special cable so that the installer can get the Libra unit running where it is installed and not have to go to the user’s computer to determine if it is communicating.The menus described above are the starting points for all Libra configuration parameters. The Main System Menu and the Setup Menu are accessed from a local PC connected via RS-232 to the Libra unit. The PDA Setup Menu is accessed from a PDA device such as a Palm Pilot connected to the Libra unit via RS-232 using a special Wi-LAN supplied cable.The Libra 5800 is configured as either a P-MP system with AP, CPE or LCPE, or a P-P system with base station and remote. The P-P units use a protocol optimized for P-P operation and therefore cannot communicate with P-MP units. These configurations are factory set and cannot be changed by the user. The description of the menus will highlight the differences between the different types of units.
Configuration28 Libra 5800 Series User GuideAccessing the Main MenusAccess MethodsThere are several ways to access the configuration menu system on the Libra 5800. They are: • Via Local PC RS 232 (Cable Required - 5 Pin DIN Connector) • Via Telnet • Via PDA RS-232 (Cable Required - 5 Pin DIN Connector - see note belowNOTE: When connecting to a PDA, a null modem or straight-through cable with a 5 pin DIN connector is required. The Libra unit is configured as DCE so if the PDA is configured as DCE (most typical), then a null modem cable is needed. If the PDA is configured as DTE then a straight-through cable is needed. ➧ To access the main system menu via Local PC on the the serial port1. Connect the RS-232 (5 pin din to DB9) cable from the serial port on the PC to the serial port on the CPE as shown below.Connect the RS-232 Port2. Start a terminal emulation program.3. Set the emulation program to use the following settings. (This example is for HyperTerminal®)Bits per second 9600Data bits 8Parity NoneStop bits 1Flow control None55 Pin DINDB9 Serial Connector
Accessing the Main MenusJune 2003 Rev 0 294. Press Enter. The Libra 5800 login screen appears.5. Type a default password (user, supervisor, or PDA) or your personal password if you have one. The main menu is displayed.Send line ends with line feeds NoEcho typed characters locally NoLine delay 0Character delay 0Append line feeds to incoming line endsNoForce incoming data to 7-bit ASCII NoWrap lines that exceed terminal widthYesVT-100 Arrows OnLogin Account Default Password PrivilegesUser user Read OnlySupervisor supervisor Read and WritePDA pda Read and WriteStarted by Boot ROM (Power-On/Hard Reset) Wi-LAN Libra Login Menu Software: Rev 3.0.1 (Jun 27 2002 17:02:44) Enter Password:
Configuration30 Libra 5800 Series User GuideHow to use the main menus➧ To access the main menu via telnet1. Ensure that the unit has an Internet IP address configured, the Ethernet connection is operational, and wire and remote access are enabled (see Setting Ethernet and wireless access to the TCP/IP Stack, page 50).2. Ensure that the VT100 Arrows feature in your telnet session is enabled. See Setting VT100 Arrows, page 30.3. From a VT100 terminal emulation program, type telnet <IP address>, where <IP address> is the address of the unit that you want to configure.4. Press Enter. The login screen appears.5. Type the password (supervisor). The Main System Menu appears.For more information about passwords, see Setting Menu Passwords, page 53. Setting VT100 Arrows➧ To set the VT100 arrows in Microsoft telnet1. Start a Microsoft telnet session.2. Select Terminal, Preferences from the menu bar. The Terminal Preferences dialog box appears.• To select an item from any of the menus, press the keyboard arrow keys to move the cursor –> next to the item. Press the Enter key to open the data entry field. This will make the field highlight in black.• To scroll through items in the data entry field, press . Press to select an item from the field.• To exit from a menu without making changes, press the Esc key. EnterEnterEsc
Accessing the Main MenusJune 2003 Rev 0 313. Click the VT100 Arrows checkbox.4. Click OK. The VT100 arrows are enabled in the telnet session.You can now use the keyboard arrow keys to navigate the configuration menus.
Configuration32 Libra 5800 Series User GuidePowering up the unitIf a CRT session is started on a laptop or PDA which is connected to the unit via an RS-232 cable, the following power up sequence can be viewed on the screen. These tests should all pass for a unit deployed in the field. Traffic Connectivity may show "DISCONNECTED" for a unit when it has just been installed and is not communicating with an Access Point.The BootROM Replacement Status field is not normally displayed except in the very rare occurrence when the unit's bootROM code is updated.Startup Self-Test Results ------------------------- Flash CRC Test: PASSED Traffic Connectivity: CONNECTED I2C Communication Test: PASSED Ethernet Loopback Test: PASSED DSP Function Test: PASSED FPGA Function Test: PASSED BootROM Replacement Status: PASSED Hit Enter to Continue
Quick-Start MenuJune 2003 Rev 0 33Quick-Start MenuWhen the Libra unit starts up for the very first time, it will start up in setup mode. This a single screen as shown below that displays all of the parameters that the user needs to set up the unit and get it talking with the base station.Many of the fields on this menu can be found in more detailed menus as discussed later on in this section.Exiting SetupWhen the setup procedure is complete and the unit has been re-booted to activate all the changes you can exit the setup procedure.➧ To exit setup1. Move the cursor to the Exit setup and logout field and press Enter. Libra Model 5800 - 12.5 MHz Setup Menu Unit Configuration Communication Parameters RF Station Id [1..2048] -> 2 Internet IP Address 192.168.1.100 Sector Id [0..31] 1 Internet IP Mask 255.255.255.0 Synchronization Id [0..1] 0 System Ethernet Access on Local Network Mac Filter off Radio Configuration Access Configuration Modulation Type QAM 16 SNMP Priv Community netman Tx Power [-14..17] 17 Super Password Press Enter to change pwd Rx Center Freq (kHz) 5787000 Confirm Super Pwd Press Enter to confirm pwd Tx Center Freq (kHz) 5787000 User Pwd Press Enter to change pwd Confirm User Pwd Press Enter to confirm pwd OFDM Channel Statistics PDA Password Press Enter to change pwd RSSI (dBm) -22 Confirm PDA Pwd Press Enter to confirm pwd Null Depth (dB) 0 Fade Margin (dB) 53 Link Test RF Link Status Not Connected Link Test Type Coarse (xE-5) Dest Radio Id [1..2048] 9 Start Link Test Activate changes and reboot Exit setup and logout
Configuration34 Libra 5800 Series User GuideUnit Configuration:Setting the RF Station IDEach Libra unit requires a unique RF Station ID to identify it on the network. Every unit must have a unique RF Station ID. No two units may have the same ID. In a P-P system you cannot access this selection. ➧ To set the RF station ID1. Select RF Station Id [1..2047] and press Enter. The entry field highlights.2. Type a unique number for the RF Station ID and press Enter. Zero is not a valid Station ID.3. Record the RF Station ID you have assigned to the unit.You will need to know this number when you configure the polling list on the Access Point.4. Reboot the system to effect the changes unless there are more changes you would like to make at this time. To do this move the cursor down to the line, "Activate changes and reboot" and press Enter Setting the Sector IDEach Libra unit can have a Sector ID to identify its AP within the cell on the network. This prevents Libra units from accessing different APs which may have the same Center Frequency.➧ To set the Sector ID1. Move the cursor to the Sector Id [0..31] field and press Enter. The entry field highlights.2. Type a unique number for the Sector ID and press Enter.3. Reboot the system to effect the changes unless there are more changes you would like to make at this time. To do this move the cursor down to the line, "Activate changes and reboot" and press Enter Setting the Synchronization IDBecause of OFDM’s superior multipath performance it is possible for the Libra to falsely synchronize on an AP from a different sector operating at the same frequency. In order to avoid this type of error, the APs and Libras of each sector can have one of two possible OFDM synchronization patterns. These patterns are orthogonal, thus a Libra with a given Synchronization ID will never synch to an AP with the other synch. Every Libra in the sector must have the same Synchronization ID as the AP of that sector. ➧ To set the Synchronization ID1. Move the cursor to the Synchronization Id [0..1] field and press Enter. The entry field highlights.2. Type a 0 or 1 to select the Synchronization ID and press Enter. Factory default is zero (0).3. Reboot the system to effect the changes unless there are more changes you would like to make at this time. To do this move the cursor down to the line, "Activate changes and reboot" and press Enter. Setting the Modulation Type
Quick-Start MenuJune 2003 Rev 0 35Radio Configuration:Setting the Modulation TypeThe OFDM Modulation Type can be selected from among the following possible values: "QAM 16", "QPSK" and "BPSK". The selected type will be added to the next superframe transmitted.➧ To set the Modulation Type1. Move the cursor to the Modulation Type field and press Enter. The field highlights.2. Select from the list using the up and down arrow keys the Modulation type and press Enter. The possible options are: QAM 16, QPSK, and BPSK. The new modulation type is applied after the next reboot. Setting the Tx power➧ To set the Tx power1. This configuration allows the user to program the output power from -3dBm to +17dBm2. Move the cursor to the Set Tx Power field and press Enter. The field highlights.3. Type in the signal strength. The new signal strength is applied.Setting the RF Center FrequencyLibra 5800 equipment uses Time Division Duplexing (TDD). In TDD, the units transmit and receive on the same frequency. They alternate in time to provide the duplexing capability. The frequency of these channels depend on the model of equipment used.The center frequency is a frequency located in the middle of each set of transmit and receive channels and it defines the group of frequencies situated around it.➧ To set the RF Center Frequency1. Move the cursor to the Set RF Center Frequency field and press Enter. The entry field is highlighted.2. Enter the frequency value assigned to this unit in kHz and press enter to effect the changes. The unit does not require rebooting for this change to become effective.Communication Parameters:Setting the Internet IP AddressAn IP address must be assigned to each Libra unit in the network. Changes takes effect on the next reset. You will require the IP address assigned by your system network administrator to your Libra unit for this procedure. 1. Move the cussor to the Internet IP Address field and press Enter. The data entry field highlights.2. Type the unique Internet IP address for the unit and press Enter. The Internet IP address is assigned to the unit.
Configuration36 Libra 5800 Series User Guide3. Reboot the system to effect the changes unless there are more changes you would like to make at this time. To do this move the cursor down to the line, "Activate changes and reboot" and press Enter.Setting the Internet IP MaskYou can obtain an IP Mask value from your system administrator and configure it into the unit. ➧ To set the Internet IP mask1. Move the cursor to the Internet IP Mask and press Enter. The field highlights.2. Type the Internet IP Mask for the unit and press Enter. The Internet IP Mask is assigned to the unit.3. Reboot the system to effect the changes unless there are more changes you would like to make at this time. To do this move the cursor down to the line, "Activate changes and reboot" and press Enter..Setting Ethernet access to the TCP/IP StackEthernet access to an Libra unit can be controlled by restricting the type of link that can be used to make configuration changes. You can enable or disable the type of link independently with the two different access settings. These settings do not affect the unit’s ability to carry traffic.➧ To enable Ethernet access to the TCP/IP4. Move the cursor to the System Ethernet Access field and press Enter. 5. Select the desired setting from the list by using the up and down arrow keys and press Enter.6. Press Enter. The change has been made.Setting Local Network MAC FilteringThis is also known as LANCAM (Local Area Network Content Addressable Memory) filtering. A Local network MAC filter is simply a list of MAC addresses of units that are located on the same LAN. Data flowing between units in the list is not sent across the wireless link. The table shows up to eight local MAC addresses that are automatically discovered by the unit when Local Network Mac filtering is on. This filtering enables data to be handled more efficiently and saves radio bandwidth for traffic that really needs it.➧ To set software Local Network Mac filtering1. Move the cursor to the Local Network Mac Filter field and press Enter. The entry field highlights. on Enable configuration access to the unit from Ethernet off Disable configuration access to the unit from Ethernet
Quick-Start MenuJune 2003 Rev 0 372. Select On or Off from the list by using the up and down arrow keys and press Enter. The change appears on the screen.Access Configuration:Assigning the SNMP Private Community NameCommunity names are used to control Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) access to the Libra unit. The Private Community Name allows read and write access. The factory default for the SNMP Private Community Name it is netman. Any SNMP manager can access and configure any unit on the network as long as the unit has the correct community names and Ethernet access is enabled➧ To set the private community name1. Move the cursor to the SNMP Private Community Name field and press Enter. The field highlights.2. Type a new name and press Enter. The change has been made.Setting Menu PasswordsYou can control access to configuration submenus with passwords. The default passwords are user, supervisor, and pda. A user has read-only access and a supervisor can modify settings. A new password is hidden by asterisks on the screen when you type it in.➧ To change the passwords1. Move the cusor to the desired Password field and press Enter. The entry field changes to the edit mode, meaning the field is highlighted in black and you can change the text there.2. Type the new password and press Enter.3. Move to the desired "Confirm Password" field and press Enter. The data field highlights.4. Retype the new password to confirm it and press Enter. The password change is complete when appears beside the confirmation field.! CAUTIONThe default community names are public knowledge. Ensure you change names during installation and record the name changes.ImportantDefault passwords are public knowledge. You should change the default passwords at installation time and record them. When you restore the factory configurations, the passwords revert to their defaults.Success
Configuration38 Libra 5800 Series User GuideNote: If you retype the new password incorrectly, appears and you must start again at Step 2.OFDM Channel Statistics:The following values are displayed in real time on the Setup menu to help the installer determine how well the Libra unit is communicating with the Access Point. These values are as follows:Link TestOnce the unit has been configured as desired, the Link Test option can be selected from the setup menu. This results in test data being transmitted to and from the Libra unit. Statistcs for RSSI and BER (coarse and fine values) and shown in real-time to allow the person setting up the unit to adjust it for the best performance (signal strength and BER).Note: When the Libra-5800 is configured as a point-to-point unit, the "Dest Radio Id" field is not selectable.OFDM Channel StatisticsRSSI (dBm) Received Signal Strength Indicator in dBmNull Depth (dB) Difference in dB between the lowest signal sub carrier and the highest signal sub carrier. This value is an indication of the level of multi-path signals present in the link.Fade Margin (dB) Signal-to-noise ratio of the signal; value in dB above the sensitivity level of the modulation being used (e.g. -75dBm for 16QAM, see Specifications, page 24 for the values).RF Link Status This indicates whether any data is being transmitted from the Libra unit.Failure
PDA Setup MenuJune 2003 Rev 0 39PDA Setup MenuWhen logging into the unit using the PDA login, it will come up in setup mode. This is in the form of two screens that display all of the parameters that the user needs to set up the unit and get it talking with the base station.Many of the fields on this menu can be found in more detailed menus available when using a PC as discussed later on in this section.Unit Configuration:Setting the RF Station IDEach Libra unit in a P-MP network requires a unique RF Station ID to identify it on the network. Every unit must have a unique RF Station ID. No two units may have the same ID. In P-P system you cannot access this selection. ➧ To set the RF station ID1. Select RF Station Id [1..2048] and press Enter. The entry field highlights.2. Type a unique number for the RF Station ID and press Enter. Zero is not a valid Station ID.3. Record the RF Station ID you have assigned to the unit.You will need to know this number when you configure the polling list on the Access Point.4. Reboot the system to effect the changes unless there are more changes you would like to make at this time. To do this move the cursor down to the line, "Activate changes and reboot" and press EnterLibra Setup RF Station Id [1..2048] -> 244 Sector Id [0..31] 7 Synchronization Id [0..1] 0 Modulation Type QAM 16 Tx Power [-14..17] 17 Rx Center Freq (kHz) 5787000 Tx Center Freq (kHz) 5787000 Internet IP Address 192.168.1.100 System Ethernet Access on Local Network Mac Filter off Monitor Screen Logout Activate changes and reboot
Configuration40 Libra 5800 Series User GuideSetting the Sector IDEach Libra unit can have a Sector ID to identify its AP/Base within the network. This prevents Libra units from accessing different APs which may have the same Center Frequency.➧ To set the Sector ID1. Move the cursor to the Sector Id [0..31] field and press Enter. The entry field highlights.2. Type a unique number for the Sector ID and press Enter.3. Reboot the system to effect the changes unless there are more changes you would like to make at this time. To do this move the cursor down to the line, "Activate changes and reboot" and press EnterSetting the Synchronization IDBecause of OFDM’s superior multipath performance it is possible for the Libra to falsely synchronize on an AP from a different sector operating at the same frequency. In order to avoid this type of error, the APs and Libras of each sector can have one of two possible OFDM synchronization patterns. These patterns are orthogonal, thus a Libra with a given Synchronization ID will never synch to an AP with the other synch. Every Libra in the sector must have the same Synchronization ID as the AP of that sector. ➧ To set the Synchronization ID1. Move the cursor to the Synchronization Id [0..1] field and press Enter. The entry field highlights.2. Type a 0 or 1 to select the Synchronization ID and press Enter. Factory default is zero (0).3. Reboot the system to effect the changes unless there are more changes you would like to make at this time. To do this move the cursor down to the line, "Activate changes and reboot" and press Enter.Radio Configuration:Setting the Modulation TypeThe OFDM Modulation Type can be selected from among the following possible values: "QAM 16", "QPSK" and "BPSK". The selected type will be added to the next superframe transmitted.➧ To set the Modulation Type1. Move the cursor to the Modulation Type field and press Enter. The field highlights.2. Select from the list using the up and down arrow keys the Modulation type and press Enter. The possible options are: QAM 16, QPSK, and BPSK. The new modulation type is applied to the next superframe to be transmitted.3. Reboot the system to effect the changes unless there are more changes you would like to make at this time. To do this move the cursor down to the line, "Activate changes and reboot" and press Enter
PDA Setup MenuJune 2003 Rev 0 41Setting Tx PowerThe Radio Frequency (RF) Board power setting enables you to adjust the strength of the transmit signal sent from the Libra unit to the antenna. The range is -3dBm to +17dBm. ➧ To set the Tx power1. Move the cursor to the Set Tx Power field and press Enter. The field highlights.2. Type in the signal strength. The new signal strength is applied.Setting the RF Center FrequencyLibra 5800 equipment uses Time Division Duplexing (TDD). In TDD, the units transmit and receive on the same frequency. They alternate in time to provide the duplexing capability. The frequency of these channels depend on the model of equipment used.The center frequency is a frequency located in the middle of each set of transmit and receive channels and it defines the group of frequencies situated around it.➧ To set the RF Center Frequency1. Move the cursor to the Set RF Center Frequency field and press Enter. The entry field is highlighted.2. Enter the frequency value assigned to this unit in kHz and press enter to effect the changes. The unit does not require rebooting for this change to become effective.Communication Parameters:Setting the IP AddressAn IP address must be assigned to each Libra unit in the network. Changes takes effect on the next reset. You will require the IP address of yourLibra unit for this procedure. Your system administrator should be able to provide it.➧ To set the IP Address1. Move the cussor to the Internet IP Address field and press Enter. The data entry field highlights.2. Type the unique Internet IP address for the unit and press Enter. The Internet IP address is assigned to the unit.3. Reboot the system to effect the changes unless there are more changes you would like to make at this time. To do this move the cursor down to the line, "Activate changes and reboot" and press Enter.Setting Ethernet access to the TCP/IP StackEthernet access to an Libra unit can be controlled by restricting the type of link that can be used to make configuration changes. You can enable or disable the type of link independently with the two different access settings. These settings do not affect the unit’s ability to carry traffic.
Configuration42 Libra 5800 Series User Guide➧ To enable Ethernet access to the TCP/IP4. Move the cursor to the System Ethernet Access field and press Enter. 5. Select the desired setting from the list by using the up and down arrow keys and press Enter.6. Press Enter. The change has been made.Setting Local Network MAC FilteringThis is also known as LANCAM (Local Area Network Content Addressable Memory) filtering. A Local network MAC filter is simply a list of MAC addresses of units that are located on the same LAN. Data flowing between units in the list is not sent across the wireless link. The table shows up to eight local MAC addresses that are automatically discovered by the unit when Local Network MAC filtering is on. This filtering enables data to be handled more efficiently and saves radio bandwidth for traffic that really needs it.➧ To set software Local Network MAC filtering1. Move the cursor to the Local Network MAC Filter field and press Enter. The entry field highlights.2. Select On or Off from the list by using the up and down arrow keys and press Enter. The change appears on the screen.Setup Menu - Second ScreenThe following set of parameters are available on page 2 of the setup screen. Move the cursor to the Monitor field on the first screen and press the Enter key to get to the second screen as depicted below. on Enable configuration access to the unit from Ethernet off Disable configuration access to the unit from Ethernet
PDA Setup MenuJune 2003 Rev 0 43OFDM Channel Statistics:The following values are displayed in real time on the Setup menu to help the installer determine how well the Libra unit is communicating with the Access Point. These values are as follows:Link Test:Once the unit has been configured as desired, the Link Test option can be selected from either setup screen. This results in test data being transmitted to and from the Libra unit. Statistcs for RSSI and BER (coarse and fine values) and shown in real-time to allow the person setting up the unit’s antenna to adjust it for the best performance in terms of signal strenght, BER and Fade Margin.Note: When the Libra-5800 is configured as a point-to-point unit, the "Dest Radio Id" field is not selectable.OFDM Channel StatisticsRSSI (dBm) Received Signal Strength Indicator in dBmNull Depth (dB) Difference in dB between the lowest signal sub carrier and the highest signal sub carrier. This value is an indication of the level of multi-path signals present in the link.Fade Margin (dB) Signal-to-noise ratio of the signal; value in dB above the rated sensitivity of the modulation type (e.g. -75 dBm for 16QAM)RF Link Status This indicates whether any data is being transmitted from the Libra unit.OFDM Channel Statistics RSSI (dBm) -22 Null Depth (dB) 25 Fade Margin (dB) 45 RF Link Status Connected Link Test Link Test Type -> Coarse (xE-5) Dest Radio Id 26 Start Link Test Logout Press ESC to go to setup screen
Configuration44 Libra 5800 Series User Guide
Main System MenuJune 2003 Rev 0 45Main System MenuThis is main menu used during normal operation of the unit when not in setup mode. It displays a set up sub-menus that allow the user to set configuration parameters (if logged in as supervisor) or read statistics related to the operation of the unit. At the bottom of the menu the Libra RF Board Model name and Bandwidth are displayed. These are associated with the type of RF Board plugged into the unit. AP - Main System Menu -> System Revision Information System Software ROM Images System Current Status System Security System Commands Network Configuration Radio Configuration Remote Station Configuration MAC Layer Statistics RF Statistics Setup Logout Libra Model 5800 Bandwidth 12.5 MHz
Configuration46 Libra 5800 Series User GuideSystem Revision InformationThe System Revision Information screen displays information about the Libra unit such as software revision, firmware version and RF board model.➧ To view system revision information1. From the Main System Menu, select System Revision Information and press Enter. The System Revision Information screen appears. This screen is view-only.Hardware Revision Static Integer Identifies the hardware revision. CPLD Revision Static Integer Identifies the CPLD revision. The revision register is implemented starting with CPLD revision 0xB4.DSP Revision Static Integer Revision number of the DSP image running on the unit. RS Version Static Integer Version of Reed Solomon FPGA running on the unit.FE Version Static Integer Version of Front End FPGA running on the unit.BootROM Version Static Integer Version of the BootROM code running on the unit.RF Board Model Static Integer Model number of RF board as displayed on the board in the unit System Revision Information Hardware Revision 0x01 RS Version 0x3001001 CPLD Revision 0x04 FE Version 0x86001001 DSP Revision 0x20507 BootROM Version 0 RF Board Model: 13748-003 RF Board Serial Number: 7233-455 File Name lib5800-3-2-2-bws.wil Software Rev 3-2-2 (Wi-LAN Ethernet/OFDM) Software Date Aug 08 2003 17:20:02 File Size 2097152
System Revision InformationJune 2003 Rev 0 472. Press Esc to exit.RF Board Serial Number Static Integer Serial number of RF board as displayed on the board in the unitFile Name Static Text (0..31) File name of the master system image running on the unit. The message "No Flash Images Found" is displayed if no system images are found in flash. Software Rev Static Text Revision number of the master system image running on the unit. .Software Date Static Text Timestamp of the master system image running on the unit.File Size Static Integer Size of the master system image running on the unit as reported by the dir command.
Configuration48 Libra 5800 Series User GuideSystem Software ROM ImagesViewing system software ROM imagesThe System Software ROM Images screen lists all the images available in a unit. An image is the software stored in Flash ROM that a unit uses to operate. This example lists only the Factory Image. More than one image may be displayed. As new images become available, Wi-LAN places them on their web site for downloading by customers.➧ To view system software ROM images1. From the Main System Menu, select System Software ROM Images and press Enter. The System Software ROM Images screen appears. This screen is view-only.System Current StatusViewing system current statusThe System Current Status screen displays administrative information, such as the time a unit has been running and login statistics. This information enables you to view the current state of the system and, if you are troubleshooting system problems, provides historical information.File Name Name(s) of system image files stored in the unitRevision Revision number of the system image file.Date Date the image file was createdTime Time the image file was createdSize Size of the image file in bytesDefault Indicates which image file is the default. This is the image used at power up. See Setting Default System Image, page 60. Possible values are Yes and No.Current Indicates if the image file is currently operating on the unit. Possible values are Yes and No. System Software ROM Images File Name Revision Date Time Size Default Current ------------------- -------- ----------- -------- ------- ------- ------- lib5800-3-2-2-bws.wil 3.2.2 Aug 08 2003 12:48:45 2097152 No No lib5800-3-2-1-bws.wil 3.2.1 Aug 02 2003 17:20:02 1835008 Yes Yes
System Current StatusJune 2003 Rev 0 49Note:You can reset the Current Run-Time statistics to zero by resetting the system. ➧ To view current system status1. From the Main System Menu, select System Current Status and press Enter. The System Current Status screen appears. The screen is view-only.Cumulative Run-Time Number of hours the system has run since the first power-up. This information is required for maintenance. Loading new images resets this value. This field has a resolution of one hour. Current Run-Time Approximate time since the unit was last reset.Power Cycles Number of times that the unit has been turned off and on againSuccessful Logins Number of successful login attemptsUnsuccessful Logins Number of failed login attemptsLocal User Logged In Identifies the user currently logged into the configuration menus via the serial port: None, User or SupervisorTelnet User Logged In Identifies the user currently logged into the configuration menus via telnet: None, User or SupervisorFTP User Logged In Identifies the user currently logged into the configuration menus via FTP: None, User or Supervisor System Current StatusCumulative Run-Time Days: 0 Hours: 3Current Run-Time Days: 0 Hours: 00:14:25Power Cycles 6Successful Logins 34Unsuccessful Logins 1Local User Logged In SupervisorTelnet User Logged In NoneFTP User Logged In NoneNo RF Activity Reboot 0
Configuration50 Libra 5800 Series User GuideSystem SecurityThe System Security menu enables you to control access to the Libra 5800 system. You can control remote access, assign community names and set passwords and the timeout period.Setting Ethernet and wireless access to the TCP/IP StackAccess to a Libra unit can be controlled by restricting the type of link that can be used to make configuration changes: wired (Ethernet) or wireless access. You can enable or disable the type of link independently with the two different access settings. These settings do not affect the unit’s ability to carry traffic just access to the unit’s local management functions.➧ To enable Ethernet access to the TCP/IP1. From the Main System Menu, select System Security and press Enter. The System Security menu appears.2. Select System Ethernet Access and press Enter. 3. Select the desired setting from the list by using the up and down arrow keys and press Enter.4. Press Enter. The change has been made. on Enable configuration access to the unit from Ethernet off Disable configuration access to the unit from Ethernet
System SecurityJune 2003 Rev 0 51➧ To enable wireless access to the TCP/IP Stack1. From the Main System Menu, select System Security and press Enter. The System Security menu appears.2. Select System Wireless Access. The field highlights.3. Select the desired setting with the up and down arrow keys.4. Press Enter. The change has been made.on Enable configuration access to the unit from the airoff Disable configuration access to the unit from the air
Configuration52 Libra 5800 Series User GuideAssigning Community NamesCommunity names are used to control Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) access to the AP and CPE unit. The Public Community Name allows read-only access. The Private Community Name allows read and write access. The factory default for the SNMP Public Community Name is public and for the Private Community Name it is netman. Any SNMP manager can access and configure any unit on the network as long as the unit has the correct community names and Ethernet access is enabled (see Setting Ethernet and wireless access to the TCP/IP Stack, page 50).➧ To set the public community name1. From the Main System Menu, select System Security and press Enter.The System Security menu appears.2. Select SNMP Public Community Name and press Enter. 3. Type a new community name and press Enter. The change has been made.! CAUTIONThe default community names are public knowledge. Ensure you change names during installation and record the name changes. If you restore units to factory configurations, you also restore the default (public) names.
System SecurityJune 2003 Rev 0 53➧ To set the private community name1. From the Main System Menu, select System Security and press Enter.The System Security menu appears.2. Select SNMP Private Community Name and press Enter. The field highlights.3. Type a new name and press Enter. The change has been made.Setting Menu PasswordsYou can control access to configuration submenus with passwords. The default passwords are user and supervisor. A user has read-only access and a supervisor can modify settings. A new password is hidden by asterisks on the screen when you type it in.! CAUTIONDefault passwords are public knowledge. You should change the default passwords at installation time and record them. When you restore the factory configurations, the passwords revert to their defaults.
Configuration54 Libra 5800 Series User Guide➧ To change the user password1. From the Main System Menu, select System Security and press Enter. The System Security menu appears.2. Select Change User Password and press Enter. The entry field changes to the edit mode, meaning the field is highlighted in black and you can change the text there.3. Type the new password and press Enter.
System SecurityJune 2003 Rev 0 554. Select Confirm User Password and press Enter. The data field highlights.5. Retype the new password to confirm it and press Enter. The password change is complete when appears beside the confirmation field.Note: If you retype the new password incorrectly, appears and you must start again at Step 2.SuccessFailure
Configuration56 Libra 5800 Series User Guide➧ To change the supervisor password1. From the Main System Menu, select System Security and press Enter. The System Security menu appears.2. Select Change Supervisor Password and press Enter. The data field highlights.3. Type the new password and press Enter.
System SecurityJune 2003 Rev 0 574. Select Confirm Supervisor Password and press Enter.5. Retype the new password and press Enter. The change is saved when appears beside the confirmation field. If you retype the new password incorrectly, appears and you must start again at Step 2.SuccessFailure
Configuration58 Libra 5800 Series User GuideTo change the PDA password1. From the Main System Menu, select System Security and press Enter. The System Security menu appears.2. Select Change PDA Password and press Enter. The data field highlights.3. Type the new password and press Enter.4. Select Confirm PDA Password and press Enter.
System SecurityJune 2003 Rev 0 595. Retype the new password and press Enter. The change is saved when appears beside the confirmation field. If you retype the new password incorrectly, appears and you must start again at Step 2.Setting Auto Logout TimeoutYou can specify the maximum time the system can remain idle before a local, telnet or ftp session automatically ends and the login menu reappears. This security feature ensures that the configuration menus close when a user forgets to exit. You can enter any value from zero minutes, meaning the system never times out, to 9,999 minutes – six days, 22 hours, 39 minutes.➧ To set the automatic logout timeout period1. From the Main System Menu, select System Security and press Enter. The System Security menu appears.2. From the System Security menu, select Auto Logout Timeout (Minutes) and press Enter. The entry field highlights.3. Type the period, in minutes, that you want to wait before the configuration menus close.4. Press Enter. The change has been made.SuccessFailure
Configuration60 Libra 5800 Series User GuideSystem CommandsMaster image files contain the software that runs the Libra. When a master image is rebooted, the unit copies the MPC CPU code out of the master image in memory and runs it. It will also use the DSP and FPGA code from the master image to boot those devices. If the master image also contains a newer version of the BootROM code this will be updated as well. When you first power up the unit, it runs from the default image loaded in at the factory. With the System Commands menu you can control which master image file a unit uses to power up, and which master image file a unit uses to reboot. These are typically the same except in the case where you want to test an image before setting it as the default.Note:Wi-LAN will make new images available on its website as they are developed.Setting Default System ImageThe default master image is the file used at power up. If you have more than one image saved on a unit, you can change the default image. This default image is displayed in the System Revision Information screen.➧ To set the default image1. From the Main System Menu, select System Commands and press Enter. The System Commands menu appears.2. Select Set Default System Image. The field highlights.3. Press the up and down arrows to select the default image and press Enter. The new image file will be used each time the Libra 5800 unit is powered up.Reboot Current ImageAlways use the Reboot Current Image command when the IP address changes or any other parameter that requires an unit reboot to take effect. See Setting the Internet IP Address, page 64. System Commands Set Default System Image lib5800-3-2-0.wil Reboot Current Image Press Enter to Execute Reboot a System Image lib5800-3-2-1.wil Restore Factory Configuration Press Enter to Execute Restore Poweron Configuration Press Enter to Execute Reset MAC Layer Statistics Press Enter to Execute
System CommandsJune 2003 Rev 0 61➧ To reboot the current image1. From the Main System Menu, select System Commands and press Enter. The System Commands menu appears.2. Select Reboot Current Image and press Enter. The Libra 5800 unit reboots using the current image.Rebooting a System ImageAny image in the System Software ROM Images menu including the current one may be used for rebooting. When you reboot a system image, the system reboots with a new image of your choice, but this does not change the default image. This is useful for testing an upgrade. If a new image fails to boot the last running image will be booted.➧ To reboot a system image1. From the Main System Menu, select System Commands and press Enter. The System Commands menu appears.2. Select Reboot a System Image. The field highlights.3. Use the up and down arrows to select the image you want to use and press Enter. The Libra 5800 unit reboots using the selected system image. System Commands Set Default System Image lib5800-3-2-0.wil Reboot Current Image Press Enter to Execute Reboot a System Image lib5800-3-2-1.wil Restore Factory Configuration Press Enter to Execute Restore Poweron Configuration Press Enter to Execute Reset MAC Layer Statistics Press Enter to Execute System Commands Set Default System Image lib5800-3-2-0.wil Reboot Current Image Press Enter to Execute Reboot a System Image lib5800-3-2-1.wil Restore Factory Configuration Press Enter to Execute Restore Poweron Configuration Press Enter to Execute Reset MAC Layer Statistics Press Enter to Execute
Configuration62 Libra 5800 Series User GuideRestoring the Factory ConfigurationYou can restore a unit to its factory configuration to put it into a known state for troubleshooting or to remove customized configurations when decommissioning a unit.➧ To restore the factory configuration1. From the Main System Menu, select System Commands and press Enter. The System Commands menu appears.2. Select Restore Factory Configuration and press Enter.The factory configuration settings are restored.➧ To restore the power-on configuration1. From the Main System Menu, select System Commands and press Enter. The System Commands menu appears.2. Select Restore Poweron Configuration and press Enter. The configuration settings change back to what they were the last time the unit powered up.ImportantWhen you restore factory configurations, many settings revert automatically to their default values, including passwords, IP Address, radio and configuration settings. System Commands Set Default System Image lib5800-3-2-0.wil Reboot Current Image Press Enter to Execute Reboot a System Image lib5800-3-2-1.wil Restore Factory Configuration Press Enter to Execute Restore Poweron Configuration Press Enter to Execute Reset MAC Layer Statistics Press Enter to Execute System Commands Set Default System Image lib5800-3-2-0.wil Reboot Current Image Press Enter to Execute Reboot a System Image lib5800-3-2-1.wil Restore Factory Configuration Press Enter to Execute Restore Poweron Configuration Press Enter to Execute Reset MAC Layer Statistics Press Enter to Execute
System CommandsJune 2003 Rev 0 63Resetting MAC Layer StatisticsStatistics displayed in the MAC Layer Statistics screen are cumulative, but can be reset to track specific events. See MAC Layer Statistics, page 84, for a list of these statistics and instructions on how to view them.➧ To reset the MAC layer statistics1. From the Main System Menu, select System Commands and press Enter. The System Commands menu appears.2. Select Reset MAC Layer Statistics and press Enter. appears, indicating that values in the MAC Layer Statistics Menu have been reset to 0. System Commands Set Default System Image lib5800-3-2-0.wil Reboot Current Image Press Enter to Execute Reboot a System Image lib5800-3-2-1.wil Restore Factory Configuration Press Enter to Execute Restore Poweron Configuration Press Enter to Execute Reset MAC Layer Statistics Press Enter to Execute Success
Configuration64 Libra 5800 Series User GuideNetwork ConfigurationTo enable the Libra to communicate via TCP/IP you need to assign an Internet IP address and IP mask.Note: The menu shown here is the one for the CPE or LCPE (in a P-MP system) and the remote in a P-P system. The only difference for AP and base station is that VLAN tagging entries do not appear. Setting the Internet IP AddressAn IP address must be assigned to each Libra unit in the network. Changes takes effect on the next reset. You will require the IP address of your Libra unit for this procedure. Your system administrator should be able to provide it.➧ To set the Internet IP address1. From the Main System Menu, select Network Configuration and press Enter. The Network Configuration menu appears.2. Select Internet IP Address and press Enter. The data entry field highlights.3. Type the unique Internet IP address for the unit and press Enter. The Internet IP address is assigned to the unit.4. Reboot the current image to make changes take effect. See Reboot Current Image, page 60.ImportantWhen you change the IP address, you must reboot the current image for the changes to take effect. See Reboot Current Image, page 60, for more information.
Network ConfigurationJune 2003 Rev 0 65Setting the Internet IP MaskYou can obtain an IP Mask value from your system administrator. ➧ To set the Internet IP mask1. From the Main System Menu, select Network Configuration. The Network Configuration menu appears.2. Select Internet IP Mask and press Enter. The field highlights.3. Type the Internet IP Mask for the unit and press Enter. The Internet IP Mask is assigned to the unit.4. Reboot the current image to make the changes take effect. See Reboot Current Image, page 60.VLAN TaggingLibra supports 802.1Q VLAN compatibility. In Libra the user can enable the VLAN Tagging option. Under this option, ethernet packets received from the wired ethernet interface will be tagged with the VLAN ID and user priority before being transmitted out to the RF interface (uplink tagging), and ethernet packets received from the RF interface will be untagged before being transmitted out to the wired ethernet interface (downlink untagging). Packets arriving over the air with different VLAN tags than the VLAN ID configured on the CPE will be dropped before being sent on the local wire interface. Having VLAN tagging enabled can be used when the Libra and AP are under one VLAN domain; however, the Libra unit does not require a VLAN switch to be connected to the ethernet network. If the VLAN Tagging option is disabled, the Libra unit will transparently bridge 802.1Q tagged ethernet
Configuration66 Libra 5800 Series User Guidepackets between the wired ethernet interface and the RF interface. A sample scenario of this is when both Libra and AP units are connected to VLAN switches.There is no VLAN setting available on the AP. The AP transparently bridges VLAN packets in a trunking fashion. If users plan to use VLAN functionality on their network, it is advisable to have a VLAN switch located between the AP and its ethernet network.Note: All packets with CFI=1 (Canonical Format Inidicator) in the 802.1Q VLAN tag control information field will be discarded.➧ To set VLAN TaggingNote: VLAN Tagging can only be set for the CPE and LCPE in a P-MP system and on the remote in a P-P system. This item does not appear in the Network configuration menu for the AP or for the base station. 1. From the Main System Menu, select Network Configuration and press Enter. The Network Configuration menu appears.2. Select VLAN Tagging and press Enter. The entry field highlights.3. Type Enable or Disable and press Enter. The change appears on the screen.
Network ConfigurationJune 2003 Rev 0 67VLAN Tagging ID➧ To set VLAN Tagging ID1. From the Main System Menu, select Network Configuration and press Enter. The Network Configuration menu appears.2. Select VLAN Id and press Enter. The entry field highlights.3. Type the VLAN ID value (valid values are 1...4096) and press Enter. The change appears on the screen.
Configuration68 Libra 5800 Series User GuideVLAN Tagging User Priority➧ To set VLAN Tagging User Priority1. From the Main System Menu, select Network Configuration and press Enter. The Network Configuration menu appears.2. Select User Priority and press Enter. The entry field highlights.3. Type the priority value and press Enter. The change appears on the screen.Setting Local Network MAC Filtering (LNMF)Local Network MAC Filtering also known as LAN CAM (Local Area Network Content Addressable Memory) filtering enables you to filter MAC addresses so that data traffic is handled more efficiently. A LNMF filter is simply a list of MAC address of units that are located on the same wired LAN. Data flowing between units in the list is not sent across the wireless link. The table shows up to eight local MAC addresses that are automatically discovered by the unit when LNMF filtering is on. LNMF filtering enables data to be handled more efficiently and saves radio bandwidth for traffic that really needs it.
Network ConfigurationJune 2003 Rev 0 69➧ To set LNMF filtering1. From the Main System Menu, select Network Configuration and press Enter. The Network Configuration menu appears.2. Select Local Network Mac Filter and press Enter. The entry field highlights.3. Type On or Off and press Enter. The change appears on the screen.
Configuration70 Libra 5800 Series User GuideRadio ConfigurationYou can configure radio settings such as RF station IDs, Sector ID, Synchronization ID, center frequencies transmit power and Base Station modulation type with the Radio Configuration menu. Setting the RF Station ID (P-MP Only)Each AP, CPE or LCPE unit requires a unique RF Station ID to identify it on the network. Every unit must have a unique RF Station ID. No two units in a single sector (i.e. one controlled by a single AP) may have the same ID.➧ To set the RF station ID1. From the Main System Menu, select Radio Configuration and press Enter. The Radio Configuration menu appears.2. Select RF Station Id [1..2048] and press Enter. The entry field highlights.3. Type a unique number for the RF Station ID and press Enter. Zero is not a valid Station ID.4. Record the RF Station ID you have assigned to the unit.You will need to know this number when you configure the polling list on the Access Point. 5. Reboot the system to effect the changes. See Reboot Current Image, page 60. Radio Configuration OFDM Station Type Base Station RF Station Id [1..2047] -> 2 Sector Id [0..31] 1 Synchronization Id [0..1] 0 Base Station Tx Disable Center Freq (kHz) 5787000 Set Tx Power (dBm) [-3...17] 17 Modulation Type QAM 16 Note: Changes on this menu aside from Tx Power require that the unit be rebooted to take effect.
Radio ConfigurationJune 2003 Rev 0 71Setting the Sector IDEach Libra unit can have a Sector ID to identify its AP within the cell on the network. This prevents Libra units from connecting to different APs which may have the same Center Frequency.➧ To set the Sector ID1. From the Main System Menu, select Radio Configuration and press Enter. The Radio Configuration menu appears.2. Select Sector Id [0..31] and press Enter. The entry field highlights.3. Type a unique number for the Sector ID and press Enter. Zero is not a valid Sector ID.4. Reboot the system to effect the changes. See Reboot Current Image, page 60. Radio Configuration OFDM Station Type Base Station RF Station Id [1..2047] -> 2 Sector Id [0..31] 1 Synchronization Id [0..1] 0 Base Station Tx Disable Center Freq (kHz) 5787000 Set Tx Power (dBm) [-3...17] 17 Modulation Type QAM 16 Note: Changes on this menu aside from Tx Power require that the unit be rebooted to take effect.
Configuration72 Libra 5800 Series User GuideSetting the Synchronization IDBecause of OFDM’s superior multipath performance it is possible for the CPE to falsely synchronize on an AP from a different sector operating at the same frequency. In order to avoid this type of error, the APs and CPEs of each sector can have one of two possible OFDM synchronization patterns. These patterns are orthogonal, thus a CPE with a given Synchronization ID will never synch to an AP with the other synch. Every CPE in the sector must have the same Synchronization ID as the AP of that sector. ➧ To set the Synchronization ID1. From the Main System Menu, select Radio Configuration and press Enter. The Radio Configuration menu appears.2. Select Synchronization Id [0..1] and press Enter. The entry field highlights.3. Type a 0 or 1 to select the Synchronization ID and press Enter. Factory default is zero (0).4. Reboot the system to effect the changes. See Reboot Current Image, page 60.Setting the RF Center FrequencyLibra 5800 equipment uses Time Division Duplexing (TDD). In TDD, the units transmit and receive on the same frequency. They alternate in time to provide the duplexing capability. The frequency of these channels depend on the model of equipment used. Radio Configuration OFDM Station Type Base Station RF Station Id [1..2047] -> 2 Sector Id [0..31] 1 Synchronization Id [0..1] 0 Base Station Tx Disable Center Freq (kHz) 5787000 Set Tx Power (dBm) [-3...17] 17 Modulation Type QAM 16 Note: Changes on this menu aside from Tx Power require that the unit be rebooted to take effect.
Radio ConfigurationJune 2003 Rev 0 73The center frequency is a frequency located in the middle of each set of transmit and receive channels and it defines the group of frequencies situated around it.➧ To set the RF Center Frequency1. Move the cursor to the Set RF Center Frequency field and press Enter. The entry field is highlighted.2. Enter the frequency value assigned to this unit in kHz and press enter to effect the changes. The unit does not require rebooting for this change to become effective. Radio Configuration OFDM Station Type Base Station RF Station Id [1..2047] -> 2 Sector Id [0..31] 1 Synchronization Id [0..1] 0 Base Station Tx Disable Center Freq (kHz) 5787000 Set Tx Power (dBm) [-3...17] 17 Modulation Type QAM 16 Note: Changes on this menu aside from Tx Power require that the unit be rebooted to take effect.
Configuration74 Libra 5800 Series User GuideSetting Tx PowerThe transmitter power setting enables you to adjust the strength of the transmit signal sent from the Libra unit to the antenna. The range is -3 dBm to 17 dBm. ➧ To set the Tx power1. From the Main System Menu, select Radio Configuration and press Enter. The Radio Configuration menu appears.2. Select Set Tx Power and press Enter. The field highlights.3. Type in the signal strength. The new signal strength is applied. Radio Configuration OFDM Station Type Base Station RF Station Id [1..2047] -> 2 Sector Id [0..31] 1 Synchronization Id [0..1] 0 Base Station Tx Disable Center Freq (kHz) 5787000 Set Tx Power (dBm) [-3...17] 17 Modulation Type QAM 16 Note: Changes on this menu aside from Tx Power require that the unit be rebooted to take effect.
Radio ConfigurationJune 2003 Rev 0 75Setting the Modulation TypeThe OFDM Modulation Type can be selected from among the following possible values: "QAM 16", "QPSK" and "BPSK". The selected type will be added to the next superframe transmitted.➧ To set the Modulation Type1. From the Main System Menu, select Radio Configuration and press Enter. The Radio Configuration menu appears.2. Select Modulation Type and press Enter. The field highlights.3. Use the up/down arrows to select the desired modulation type from the pull down list, and press enter again. This change requires a reboot to take effect. Radio Configuration OFDM Station Type Base Station RF Station Id [1..2047] -> 2 Sector Id [0..31] 1 Synchronization Id [0..1] 0 Base Station Tx Disable Center Freq (kHz) 5787000 Set Tx Power (dBm) [-3...17] 17 Modulation Type QAM 16 Note: Changes on this menu aside from Tx Power require that the unit be rebooted to take effect.
Configuration76 Libra 5800 Series User GuideRemote Station Configuration Menu (P-MP Only)This menu only appears on the Libra 5800 when set up as an AP. When setup as a P-P unit there is only one unit to poll with an id of zero so this menu is not needed. It displays a portion of a larger table. The table row order determines the polling sequence of the units. Changes to the table take effect immediately. The table cannot contain zeros between valid radio ids. If a radio Id within the table is set to zero (hence removing the entry from the polling list), all values following this entry will be moved one entry toward the beginning of the table.Field Name Type CommentsMaximum Remote Distance (Km)Static Integer (1..50)Sets the distance to the CPE farthest from the AP. This value determines the timeout for detecting late poll responses. Factory default is 10.Remote Number Static Integer (1..2048)Sequential number for reference only. Remote Station Configuration Maximum Remote Distance (Km) (1...50) -> 10 Remote Radio Id Remote Radio Id Remote Radio Id Number 0..2047 Number 0..2047 Number 0..2047 1 1 9 0 17 0 2 2 10 0 18 0 3 0 11 0 19 0 4 0 12 0 20 0 5 0 13 0 21 0 6 0 14 0 22 0 7 0 15 0 23 0 8 0 16 0 24 0
Remote Station Configuration Menu (P-MP Only)June 2003 Rev 0 77Radio Id Variable Integer (1..2048)Identifies a unit to be polled. Values correspond to the RF Station Id field in the Radio Configuration Menu (see page 28). A given ID may be listed more than once, in which case that unit is polled more than once in a single polling cycle. A value of zero (an invalid RF Station ID) means the table entry is not polled. Factory default is 1 for remote number 1, 2 for remote number 2, and zero for all other remotes.Field Name Type Comments
Configuration78 Libra 5800 Series User GuideIP/MBR Filter ConfigurationIP filters help ensure that only valid subscribers use the wireless link. IP address filters are actually tables that contain lists of IP addresses and masks on the local Ethernet. If an address is listed in the table, the CPE will pass data packets to and from it. If the address is not defined by one of the filters, the unit will not pass data packets to it or from it. An IP address filter is defined by a range and a base value. IP address filtering improves system security and helps manage data throughput.The IP filter is created by combining the Subnet Mask and the IP Network address such that a binary '1' in the subnet mask will preserve the corresponding digit in the IP Network address. For example to filter on the range of addresses 192.8.62.0-255, a value of 192.8.62.0 would be entered as the IP Network address and a value of 255.255.255.0 as the Subnet Mask. Alternatively to filter specifically on the address 192.8.62.8, the values of 192.8.62.8 for the IP Network Address and 255.255.255.255 for the Subnet Mask would be entered.The Maximum Burst Rate (MBR) option provides a means of limiting the maximum data rate on individual CPE's. Use of this feature allows efficient management of the network by ensuring that specific CPE's receive the level of service to which they are entitled.Since the downstream Air link is broadcast, it is necessary to use MBR in conjunction with IP filtering. This ensures that the maximum burst rate limit is applied only to data streams associated with the particular CPE to which it is intended.Libra UnitSetting the IP Filtering OptionYou can set the IP Filtering Option to Disable to enable all data to pass through a CPE, or you can set it to Filter to filter out certain IP address ranges defined in the IP Filter Configuration Menu. The factory default is Disable. When set to IP Filtering, any packets other than IP and ARP are rejected. When set to IP Filtering with MBR, the maximum burst rate for the CPE is enforced in addition to filtering. Note: IP Filtering is always set to disable on AP units. It can be set to Disable or IP Filtering on CPEs. IP Address Filter Tablexxx.xx.xx.xxxx.xx.xx.xxxx.xx.xx.xWireAirData packets pass onlyif the IP address islisted in the IP filter tableIPAddresses
IP/MBR Filter ConfigurationJune 2003 Rev 0 79➧ To set the IP Filtering option1. From the Main System Menu, select IP/MBR Filter Configuration and press Enter. The IP/MBR Filter Configuration menu appears.2. Select IP Filtering Option. The field highlights.3. Use the up and down arrow keys to select one of the following options.4. Press Enter to select the option.Configuring the IP FilterTo define an IP filter, you indicate host and mask IP addresses on the local Ethernet and set the filter to On. Data packets sent to these addresses or originating from them will be passed by the CPE. Packets coming from or bound for addresses not defined in the filters will be dropped by the CPE. This provides privacy in two directions, by allowing only authorized users to send or receive. Only remote units can have IP filters and the IP Filter Configuration option appears only on the menus of the remote units.If you set the IP Filtering Option to Filter as described in Setting the IP Filtering Option, page 78, but set all the filters to off, as described in this section, then no IP packets can pass through the unit.Disable Enables the passage of all received data through the remote unitFilter This prevents data destined for particular IP addresses from going through particular remotes. This option does not appear on a base unit.Filter with MBRThis option will enforce filtering and enforce the maximum burst rate
Configuration80 Libra 5800 Series User GuideNote: If you turn on IP filtering and want to allow broadcast traffic to flow through the unit, enter the IP Broadcast address into the list; i.e. Host/Net Address = 255.255.255.255 and Host/Net Mask = 255.255.255.255.➧ To configure the remote IP filter1. Follow the procedure in the previous section to enable IP Filtering Option by setting it to Filter.2. Select On in the filter row you are defining and press Enter. The entry field highlights.3. Use the arrow keys to select the desired filter type whereFilter A numbered list of the filtersType Filter type can be Off or OnHost/Net AddressIP Filter net or host IP AddressHost/Net MaskMask applied to the filter host or net address. Address and Mask = host and net numberOff Do not filter the packets. This is the factory defaultOn Filter the packets
IP/MBR Filter ConfigurationJune 2003 Rev 0 814. Press the right arrow key on the keyboard to move to the Host/Net Address field and press Enter.The entry field highlights.5. Type the IP Address of the Host/Net and press Enter. You have defined the IP Address.6. Press the right arrow key on the keyboard to move to the Host/Net Mask field and press Enter. The entry field highlights.7. Type the IP Address of the Host/Net Mask and press Enter. 8. Repeat steps to create additional IP filters.Setting the MBR Filtering OptionYou can set the IP Filtering Option to IP Filtering with MBR to enforce a maximum allowable burst rate for a given CPE. The factory default is Disable. When set to IP Filtering with MBR, any packets other than IP and ARP are rejected and the maximum burst rate for the CPE is enforced. ➧ To set the MBR Filtering option1. From the Main System Menu, select IP/MBR Filter Configuration and press Enter. The IP/MBR Filter Configuration menu appears.2. Select IP Filtering Option. The field highlights.
Configuration82 Libra 5800 Series User Guide3. Use the up and down arrow keys to select the following option.4. Press Enter to select the option.5. Select the Uplink (Kbits/s) [0...2500]option to set the MBR from the CPE to the AP.6. Type in the MBR allowed for that CPE. Note: entering zero in that field means that maximum burst rate is NOT enforced for that CPE.Filter with MBRThis option will enforce filtering and enforce the maximum burst rate
IP/MBR Filter ConfigurationJune 2003 Rev 0 837. Select the Downlink (Kbits/s) [0...2500]option to set the MBR from the AP to the CPE. 8. Type in the MBR allowed for that CPE. Note: entering zero in that field means that maximum burst rate is NOT enforced for that CPE.
Configuration84 Libra 5800 Series User GuideMAC Layer StatisticsThe MAC Layer Statistics screen displays various statistics about a unit’s performance, including Ethernet receive statistics, OFDM decoder statistics, OFDM channel statistics, approximated BERs, Ethernet transmit statistics, OFDM encoder statistics, OFDM unpacking statistics and throughput statistics. The statistics for an AP and a CPE may not match exactly because of link quality. MAC layer statistics are not automatically updated when viewed via telnet. ➧ To view the MAC layer statistics1. From the Main System Menu, select MAC Layer Statistics and press Enter.The MAC Layer Statistics screen appears. The screen is view-only.Ethernet Receive StatisticsEthernet Receive StatisticsDescribes the data received at the Libra Unit from the Ethernet (10/100 BaseT connection)Total Frames ReceivedNumber of Ethernet frames receivedFrames For Local HostNumber of Ethernet frames received and destined for the unitReceive Errors Number of Ethernet frames received with errorsFrames Dropped Number of Ethernet frames dropped because the wireless link is running at capacity
MAC Layer StatisticsJune 2003 Rev 0 85OFDM Decoder StatisticsOFDM Decoder StatisticsDescribes Reed Solomon decoder statisticsTotal Superframes DecodedNumber of superframes decoded by the Reed Solomon decoderEthernet Frames For LocalNumber of Ethernet frames, destined for the unit, that went through the Reed Solomon decoder without uncorrectable errorsUncorrected SuperframesNumber of superframes received by the Reed Solomon decoder that have uncorrected errorsCorrected Bytes Number of bytes through the Reed Solomon decoder that have been correctedTotal Words Decoded (x1E6)Number of words received by the Reed Solomon decoder that have been decodedOFDM Channel StatisticsRSSI (dBm) Received Signal Strength Indicator in dBmNull Depth (dB) Difference in dB between the lowest signal sub carrier and the highest signal sub carrier. This value is an indication of the level of multi-path signals present in the link.Fade Margin (dB) Signal-to-noise ratio of the signal; value in dB above the sensitivity threshold.Approximated BERsFEC BER (x1E-9) Bit error rate after forward error correction, multiplied by 10-9BER (x1E-9) Bit error rate before Reed Solomon coding, multiplied by 10-9LFEC BER Lifetime FEC BER multiplied by 10-9. Cumulative from the last rebootLBER Lifetime BER, multiplied by 10-9. Cumulative from the last rebootEthernet Transmit StatisticsEthernet Transmit StatisticsDescribes the data sent from the Libra UnitLibra Unit to the EthernetTotal Frames TransmittedNumber of frames sent to the wire from the Libra UnitLibra UnitFrames From Local HostNumber of Ethernet frames transmitted to the 10/100 Base-T connection which originated from the unitFrames Dropped Number of frames not transmitted because of an error
Configuration86 Libra 5800 Series User GuideUsing the Command LineLibra 5800 units have a command line interface you can use to perform basic tasks while logged into the configuration menus.➧ To use the command line interface1. Log onto a Libra 5800 and press Esc until the wilan> command line prompt appears.2. Type the command after the prompt and press Enter.3. Press Esc to return to the main menu.OFDM Encoder StatisticsOFDM Encoder StatisticsDescribes Reed Solomon encoder statisticsTotal Superframes EncodedNumber of superframes encoded by the Reed Solomon encoderEthernet Frames From LocalNumber of Ethernet frames sent to the Reed Solomon encoder that originated from the unit’s local stackOFDM Unpacking StatisticsOFDM Unpacking StatisticsDescribes statistics on synchronization of OFDM superframesSuperframe Header ErrorsFor Wi-LAN use onlyEthernet Header ErrorsFor Wi-LAN use onlySynch Errors For Wi-LAN use onlyLate Poll ResponsesA Poll was sent to a CPE, but either there was no response or the response was late.Throughput StatisticsAverage Throughput Total throughput in bits per second (bps) with no overhead from the Libra Unit; this measurement is made over a ten-second averageMaximum Throughput Highest throughput in bps since the last statistics reset, with no overhead
Using the Command LineJune 2003 Rev 0 87➧ To display a list of available commandsType help to display a list of commands.List of CommandsCommand Explanation Examplehelp Shows the following command summary list:menu cls dir del ping linktest logout exit quitwilan>help menumenu Returns to the configuration menus wilan>menucls Clears the terminal screen wilan>clsdir Shows a file directory wilan>dir del <name> Deletes a file called <name> wilan>del sample.txtping <name> Pings a remote IP address called <name>wilan>ping 198.168.200.5linktest Runs the Linktest utility wilan>linktest 2logout Logs out of the command line interfaceor terminates a remote telnet sessionwilan>logoutpeek Displays the contents of a block of memory wilan>peek 9000rebootnewest Reboot the latest master image downloaded onto the unit (in regards to time, not image version)wilan>rebootnewestrebootcurr Reboot the current master image running on the unitwilan>rebootcurrcrc Displays CRC values for Wi-LAN image files. If the file is a master image the CRC for each component sub-section is displayed.wilan>crcexit Leaves the command line interface orterminates a remote telnet sessionwilan>exitquit Logs out of the command line interface orterminates a remote telnet sessionwilan>quitwilan> helpCommand Summary:menu cls dir del ping linktest logout exit quitdisplay help for a specific command: help <name>wilan>
Configuration88 Libra 5800 Series User GuideThe show command displays some additional information not available from the menu interface. The following information is available:wilan>help show Displays a list of the show commandswilan>show arp Displays a list of the ARP cachewilan>show exception Displays post-mortem exception informationwilan>show images Displays the system images files stored in the flash file systemwilan>show memory Displays the system memory mapwilan>show time Displays the current system time, measured in seconds, from the last rebootwilan>show versions Displays the processor type, part and mask numberswilan>show wdog Displays the number of times the watchdog timer has reset the unit since the system image was installed
June 2003 Rev 0 89Field InstallationIntroductionThe information in this chapter is intended for qualified installers only. Before you begin to install equipment in the field, you should develop a network plan, prepare the customer site, and configure the equipment. The network plan describes the proposed system, including a link budget, detailed list of all required hardware, Libra units (RD & ER for P-P links; LCPE, CPE and Access Point for P-MP), antenna locations, cable routing, equipment configuration settings, and other network requirements. (Wi-LAN offers Network Planning and Site Preparation support. For more information on services and fees contact your Sales Representative or visit http://www.wi-lan.com). Network planning should include visits to proposed sites to verify the feasibility of the network plan and work out the details. Installers will use the network plan document to guide them through final site preparation, installation, configuration and field testing of each unit. You can see that a large amount of planning and preparation work is required before equipment is ready to install. The better the preparation work, the more problem-free the field installation will be.WARNINGAll antennas and equipment must be installed by a knowledgeable and professional installer.NOTE: WI-LAN RECOMMENDS THE USE OF LIGHTNING SUPRESSORS IN ALL INSTALLATION.!
Field Installation90 Libra 5800 Series User GuideInstallation ProcessLibra 5800 field installationThis section discusses how to install, configure and test a Libra 5800 in the field. Before you can install Libra equipment in the field• All units should be configured as described in Configuration, page 27• Site preparation work must be complete• Ensure all necessary tools and equipment are availableSite preparationSite preparation involves checking actual customer site conditions and ensuring that the site is ready for Libra installation. Each site is unique, however the following guidelines are provided.1. Obtain a customer site plan or make a site plan. This document should describe where to place the Libra unit, what kind of equipment to use, and the required configuration settings of the unit.2. Cables should always be connected without exceeding their recommended bend radius.3. Ensure that there is enough room for ventilation.4. Confirm that AC power and Ethernet access are available.5. Inspect the recommended Libra location to determine the following.• the mounting structure is suitable• LOS and Fresnel Zone clearances can be met. Because of OFDM’s superior Non Line of Sight performance these requirements will not be as stringent as for other systems. • location of the Libra is acceptable6. Check cable routes and entry and exit points to ensure that they are practical.NetworkPlanSitePreparation FieldInstallationConfiguration Testing
Libra 5800 field installationJune 2003 Rev 0 91Tools and equipmentYou will require the following tools and equipmentLibra 5800 Package ChecklistThe CPE shipping package should contains the following items:• 1x Libra 5800 Unit (with Integrated Antenna (CPE, RD units) or without (AP, LCPE, ER))• 1x Power Cord• 1x Power Inserter• 1x Libra 5800 User Manual (CD ROM)• 1x Mounting Kit• 1x Mounting base • 1x Wall Mount Clamp •1x Clamp •1x Arm• 4x Washer Flat M5 • 4x Washer Spring M5 •4x Nut M5 • 4x Screw Hex Cap M5x0.8 16mm• 6 x Washer Flat M8• 4x Washer Spring M8 •2x Nut M8 • 4x Screw Hex Cap M8x40 (for 1 3/4" dia pole)• 4x Screw Hex Cap M8x70 (for greater than 1 3/4" dia pole)• 1x Weather Proof Kit•1x O Ring• 1x Insert• 1x Coupling NutStandard tool kit Test equipment, PDA with serial cable and powerDrill and bits Libra UnitWeatherproofing materials Libra mounting hardwareLadder Cables: Outdoor CAT-5 Cable, AC power cable.Compass or GPS Customer acceptance form and Installation record, if requiredBinoculars
Field Installation92 Libra 5800 Series User Guide• 1x Shell• 1x RJ 45 Connector! CAUTION Do not "hot plug" the power inserter into the Libra to power up the unit—the Libra CAT-5/Power connector should first be plugged into the unit at the DIN connector, and into the "TO RADIO" jack of the power inserter. Next, the power supply cord should be plugged into the AC outlet to power up the unit.WARNINGDo NOT plug the LAN RJ45 cable into the power inserter marked "TO RADIO", as this port has power and may damage external equipment.!
Libra 5800 field installationJune 2003 Rev 0 93Libra 5800 installation procedureInstalling the CPE requires assembling the mounting hardware, finding a suitable mounting location, configuration, and then a link test to check the RF link integrity. Libra 5800 assembly diagram.➧ Mounting the Libra Unit1. Mount the clamps without the Libra unit to the pole or wall as required. The versatile mounting hardware can be used with large diameter and small diameter poles or as a wall mount. Additionally an optional knuckle is provided that allows for both pan and tilt functionality while the mounting clamp is firmly fixed to the pole or wall. See Hardware, page 20 for detailed diagrams of the mounting hardware.2. Connect the four pointed star bracket to the unit. Assemble the mounting kit. Ensure that this connection is in the right direction so that the antenna polarization is as specified in the network plan for the CPE and RD units and that the connectors are on the lower side of the unit when mounted to the clamp.NOTE: IF YOU NEED HORIZONTAL OR VERTICAL POLARIZATION. MOUNT THE LIBRA ACCORDING TO THE POLARIZATION STICKER LOCATED ON THE BACK OF THE ANTENNA.3. For the AP, ER and LCPE mount the external antenna. Connect the antenna to the unit. 4. Point the antenna (Integrated or external) towards the desired location.
Field Installation94 Libra 5800 Series User Guide5. For the CPE or RD, if Up or Down tilt is required, adjust the unit accordingly such that the face of the antenna is pointed as directly to the Access Point or the other unit in the P-P link as possible. 6. Lightly tighten the bracket bolts to hold the unit in place.➧ Connecting the Libra1. Insert the end of the CAT-5/Power cable into the provided weatherproofing attachment. 2. Connect the CAT-5 / Power cable to the connector located on the back panel of the Libra Unit and screw in the weatherproofing attachment.3. Plug the RJ-45 end of the Libra CAT-5 cable into the power inserter in the "TO RADIO" jack.4. Connect the "TO LAN" side of the power inserter to the PC or network.5. Locate the AC power cord for the power inserter and plug AC power cord in, and to the AC wall socket.➧ Configuration & Link Test1. Connect a laptop or PDA to the RS-232 port on the Libra. (See Configuration, page 27)2. Configure unit to the proper center frequencies, etc if you have not done that previously (See Quick-Start Menu, page 33 or PDA Setup Menu, page 39).3. Run a "Link Test" for a minute or two (See Appendix D: Linktest and Link Statistics, page 119) to verify RF link performance. From the MAC Layer statistics screen (see MAC Layer Statistics, page 84):• The Late Poll Response number should not change• The fade margin should be adequate for the link conditions and availability requirements. • The uncorrected codewords and superframes figures should be zero. From the Linktest result screen:• LBER and BER should both be zero• LFade Margin and Fade margin should be similar to the one calculated from link availability requirements4. If the link results are satisfactory, proceed to Step 6 below.If the link is unsatisfactory first turn the antenna in different directions to benefit from beneficial multi-paths. If still unsuccessful look for another antenna location with better line-of-sight until you find a location that is satisfactory. 5. Refer to the troubleshooting guidelines, Troubleshooting, page 97, if problems persist.6. Adjust antenna position to achieve the best Link Test performance.7. When Link test performance is satisfactory, tighten mounting hardware.➧ Test network connectivityThe next step is to verify that a computer attached to the Libra can communicate with a computer on the other side of the wireless link.1. Call up the Network Operations Center (NOC).2. “Ping” the NOC from the CPE.
Libra 5800 field installationJune 2003 Rev 0 953. Have the NOC “ping” the CPE from the NOC. A successful ping test means that the network “sees” the CPE on the network.4. Connect the CPE Ethernet Port to the customer LAN or PC.5. Ping from the Customer LAN or PC to the NOC.6. Use ftp to send some larger test files from the NOC to the PC or other IP device on the LAN.7. Measure file transfer rates in both directions.➧ Secure the installationFinish up the installation by doing the following.1. Secure all the cables and weatherproof outside cable connection points.2. Clean up all boxes, cables and other materials.3. Record installation information as required by the service provider such as• Link Distance• Site Locations (GPS coordinates)• Unit configuration• Link quality statistics• Antenna cable configuration• Unit model, Unit serial number, MAC address, IP address and IP submasks• Unit password• Antenna azimuth.4. Demonstrate to the customers that the installation works and that they can contact sites on the far side of the wireless link and upload and download data.5. Have the customers sign a document to indicate their acceptance of the installation.
Field Installation96 Libra 5800 Series User Guide
June 2003 Rev 0 97TroubleshootingPreventative maintenanceAdministering and maintaining your system properly can prevent many problems and alert you to minor problems before they become serious. Some recommendations follow.• Measure and document system performance at the time of the original installation.• Change menu passwords so that only authorized people can reconfigure the system. See Setting Menu Passwords, page 53.• Maintain the integrity of the system design when adding to or changing a system. The introduction of new elements to a system can cause problems unless you revise the network plan to take into account the changes. For example, improper installation of a co-located antenna can add unwanted system interference.• Keep records of all changes. Especially document the addition of units, hardware and software changes, and changes to configuration settings. Configuration errors often cause other problems. Current records can be compared with original installation records and function as benchmarks to help in troubleshooting.• Keep a log of past and present problems and solutions. Store the log on-site for easy reference, if possible. The log identifies common failure points and fixes.• Before contacting Wi-LAN’s Technical Assistance Center, document the symptoms of the fault and the steps taken to diagnose and fix the problem. Record the current configuration of the system.• Perform preventive maintenance at a regular interval, for example every six months. See Appendix D: Linktest and Link Statistics, page 119 for information.• Perform link monitor tests to verify the system after periods of extreme weather, and inspect towers, antennas, ODUs, cables, and connectors for damage.• Monitor system performance regularly. Environmental change as well as normal wear and tear on components can affect system performance.• In some cases a bench test is a useful tool in diagnosing problems. See Appendix E: Bench Configuration Testing, page 123 for information on how to perform a bench test.
Troubleshooting98 Libra 5800 Series User GuideTroubleshooting areasThere are five areas to keep in mind when troubleshooting:1. Network integrity: The continued performance and reliability of a network depend upon maintaining the integrity of the network. If you change a network’s design, you will affect its operation. Be aware of recent changes to your network.2. Quality of RF links: Data communication depends first on good RF links. If you establish and maintain high-quality RF links, then you can be sure the links will carry high-speed data. If the quality of the RF links degrades for some reason, the quality of the data and the associated performance will also degrade.3. Radio Hardware: This consists of three parts: Main unit, antenna, and mounting hardware..• To verify the radio performance, you can run diagnostic tests, such as RSSI and link monitor test.4. Correct Unit Configuration: Units must be configured properly, according to the network plan. Configuration errors can cause an inability to communicate or poor performance. The addition of units or other changes to your system may require you to change configuration settings.5. Embedded Software: Operate with a proven software image. Download new software if you suspect that a unit’s software is corrupted. Software images are available from the Wi-LAN website: http://www.wi-lan.com.Troubleshooting chartThe following chart provides answers to some of the more common problems that can occur. Indication Possible Cause Corrective ActionHigh BER Signal strength is too lowPerform an RSSI test to determine fade marginCheck for RF absorbent obstacles in the antenna pathSearch for indirect RF paths between antennas (i.e. ones that use beneficial reflections or multipaths)Check and replace cablesReposition IODU or if possible remove obstructionSignal strength is too highAdjust antennasIncrease distance between units to add attenuationAdjust Tx Power levelInterference Change center frequencyIncrease RF powerChange polarization of antennasIncrease separation or change location of antennaIncrease separation between co-located antennasRadio Performance(Tx/Rx)Contact Wi-LAN technical support)No Ethernet connectionBad CAT-5 cable Visually inspect cableChange cable
Troubleshooting areasJune 2003 Rev 0 99Bad connectors Visually inspect connectorsChange cable/connectorsTemperature Determine if ambient operating temperature is too high or lowChange ambient temperature to specified range.Low signal strength/fade marginBad radio Bench test systemChange IDU or IODUPoor antenna alignmentUse RF diagnostics to realign antennaBad cable Visually inspect cables/connectorsSweep cableChange cable/connectorsIncorrect radio configurationBench test the radio to confirm configurationReconfigure radioNo Fresnel zone clearanceIncrease antenna height to obtain clearanceRelocate antennaRemove obstacles to LOSPower supply problemsTry a different AC circuitMeasure the power at the AC outletMeasure the output from the power supply unitReplace Power SupplyHigh packet lossSignal strength too lowPerform RSSI test to determine fade marginCheck for obstacles in RF pathCheck for interferencePoint antenna in different directions to take advantage of beneficial multipathsReposition IODU to establish better LOSReplace IODUInterference Change center frequencyIncrease RF powerChange polarization of antennasGet separation or change physical location of antennaTemperature Determine if ambient operating temperature is too high or lowIncrease or reduce ambient temperature No communication between unitsConfiguration problemsCheck the following configuration settings:Indication Possible Cause Corrective Action
Troubleshooting100 Libra 5800 Series User GuideStation ID–Each unit must have a unique RF Station IDAccess code–Only units with the same access code can communicateScrambling code–Base station and remote units must use the same scrambling codes to decode messagesAcquisition code–All units must have the same acquisition code to communicateCenter frequency–Units must have the same center frequency to communicateIP address/subnet mask–Incorrectly configured IP addresses result in units being unable to communicate. Check that IP addresses are unique for each unit within a subnet and that the correct subnet mask is being used.IF cable failure or damageVisually inspect cables for damageSweep cables and replace if necessaryPoor link performanceDistance Check the maximum remote distance configuration settingExcessive Bit errors and processing errorsMultipath interference–Align or relocate antennas or radio.Signal absorption Check LOS for obstacles such as treesChange alignement of antenna to take advantage of beneficial multipath signalsMove antenna to better location or remove obstacle if possibleCenter frequency Set units from different systems in the same geographical area to different center frequencies–overlapping wavelengths from other systems will degrade performanceOverpowering co-located unitOutput power from one unit can overpower another, co-located, radio, even if units operate on different channelsSNMP can’t be activatedIP filtering configured incorrectly for SNMPChange IP filtering to enable SNMPNew configuration will not takeIncorrectly upgraded softwareReload the software image using ftpIndication Possible Cause Corrective Action
Troubleshooting areasJune 2003 Rev 0 101Unable to access main configuration menuInvalid passwords Contact Wi-LAN for information about how to re-enter your system. Units will need to be resetUnit will not operateFaulty unit Bench test unitCorrupt unit software Reload unit softwareIndication Possible Cause Corrective Action
Troubleshooting102 Libra 5800 Series User Guide
June 2003 Rev 0 103Appendix A: Upgrading SoftwareBackground InformationLibra units can be upgraded by loading new Master Image Files to the unit. A Master Image File contains all software components required by the processors running on the units. These components are the main CPU, the FPGA, and the DSP. Upgrades may be skipped unless specified otherwise on the Wi-LAN web site, when upgrading to newer Master Image versions. Upgrading software via ftpNew Libra software images can be downloaded from www.wilan.com/support/. This section explains how to use ftp to obtain a new software image for a Libra unit.Before you can download a new software image you need the following items.• A copy of the software image file• A PC connected to the unit via the network• Basic network software installed on a PC, including ftp, ping and telnet. SNMP manager is optional.➧ To download software with ftp1. Download new image files from Wi-LAN’s web site to the PC.2. Open a DOS session on your PC. From Windows®, choose Start, Programs, MS-DOS Prompt.3. Copy the new image files to a known directory, for example c:\projects\wib\current\bin. Create a new directory if a suitable directory does not already exist.4. Go to the directory by typing cd c:\projects\wib\current\bin and press Enter.C:> copy <image filename> c:\projects\wib\current\binThis directory is an example only.
Appendix A: Upgrading Software104 Libra 5800 Series User Guide5. On the Libra unit, type dir and press Enter to list the file/s existing on the unit. 6. Ensure that there is enough free space to hold the new Master Image file. If there is not, the files that are not protected (protected files are identified by "PR") can be deleted using the "del" command. Any files in use by the unit are always protected. Unused files will be listed as "read/write" (RW), "read only" (RO), or "write only" (WO).7. On the PC, type ftp <IP address> and press Enter, where the <IP address> is the IP address of the Libra AP. The PC connects to the AP.Note: ftp must be installed on your PC.8. Type “ofdm” and press the Enter key. The password prompt appears.9. Type “supervisor” for the password and press Enter. (Supervisor access is required to change unit settings–see Setting Menu Passwords, page 53). The ftp> prompt appears. 10. After the ftp prompt, type the following “put” command.Note: Leave a single space after “put”.where. Current directory that contains the image file (for example, c:\projects\wib\current\bin)<image filename> Name of the Master Image filec:\projects\wib\current\bin> ftp 192.168.3.85Connected to 192.168.3.85220 Wi-LAN xxxx OFDM Ethernet Bridge FTP ServerUser (192.168.3.85(none)):This IP address is an example only. Enter the IP address of your AP in P-MP network or the Base in P-P network.ftp> put .\<image filename>
Upgrading software via ftpJune 2003 Rev 0 10511. Press Enter. The image file transfers from the PC to the unit. The status of the transfer, the file size and the transfer time are displayed.Tip: If you type ftp> help, online instructions for using ftp are displayed.12. Type bye and press Enter. The prompt returns to c:\projects\wib\current\bin>, and the ftp connection closes.Rebooting the Unit Using Menu CommandsSelect the new software image to run using the options from the System Commands menu. These are described in Setting Default System Image, page 60 to select the new software.Rebooting the Unit Using FTP "Reboot" FilesSpecial FTP reboot files can be used to reboot the current image running on the unit or to reboot the newest image downloaded to the unit. Files can be created called "reboot_current" and "reboot_newest" with no file extension. In these files are placed the supervisor password for the Libra unit.FTP in one of the files to the Libra unit. After receiving the file, the Libra unit will check the file for the correct password. If the password matches the current supervisor password the unit will wait 30 seconds and the reboot using the current or newest image.NOTE: "Newest Image" refers to the unit downloaded most recently. It can be in fact an image that is has a version number older than what is currently running.ftp>put .\<image filename>200 Port set okay150 Opening binary mode connection226 Transfer complete10484 bytes sent in 0.11 seconds (95.31 Kbytes/sec)ftp>bye
Appendix A: Upgrading Software106 Libra 5800 Series User Guide
June 2003 Rev 0 107Appendix B: SNMP MIBOverviewSimple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) Management Information Base (MIB) and SNMP Agent software come with each BWS unit. This software lets you configure, monitor, and control units via the Ethernet or air. This lets you easily configure units in remote and hard-to-reach locations, and network managers can avoid or reduce downtime by monitoring network throughput, packet collision rates, and interference.SNMP is a protocol used to remotely manage network elements by polling, setting terminal values, and monitoring network statistics and events. It provides a mechanism for the exchange of management information in a TCP/IP-based Internet environment.The SNMP manager uses community names to determine access privileges (see Assigning Community Names, page 52).SNMP management software is installed on a networked PC or workstation and enables a network administrator to remotely manage BWS systems. MIB is simply a list of objects that SNMP can monitor.SNMP consists of three elements: a manager, an agent and an MIB.SNMP Element DescriptionManager Is installed on the network’s host computer and is controlled by the network administrator. From the host, the Manager configures agents, or polls agents for information.Agent Runs on each unit. An agent accepts configuration commands from the manager and collects network and terminal information specified in the MIB.Management Information Base (MIB)Is a database accessed by commands that you execute using the SNMP manager. There is a standard MIB and a Wi-LAN customized MIB that stores information relevant to the operation of a wireless network.
Appendix B: SNMP MIB108 Libra 5800 Series User GuideObtaining SNMP SoftwareSNMP network management software is available commercially or as shareware. For instance, you can download a free evaluation copy from www. mg-soft.com. You also require a proprietary MIB file, which you can download from www. wi-lan.com or obtain by contacting Wi-LAN’s Technical Assistance Center. After you download the MIB file, you must compile it with the SNMP compiler.Using Wi-LAN MIB Object Identifier NodesAll OID (Object Identifier) nodes in the private Wi-LAN MIB are numbered 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.n, where “n” is a private Wi-LAN MIB node number or branch of numbers.All nodes containing statistical information are cleared on powerup and reset.Values in all writeable nodes are stored in Flash memory and are retained until overwritten by the administrator, even following power down or reboot. System CommandsNode Label Object ID Type Access DescriptiondefaultImage 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.1.1INTEGERRead/WriteSet Default System Image: Factory Image (-2) or a file ID displayed by the dir commandreboot 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.2.1INTEGERWrite-only Reboot Current ImagerestFactory 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.2.2INTEGERWrite-only Restore Poweron ConfigurationrestPoweron 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.2.3INTEGERWrite-only Restore the Poweron/Reset ConfigurationrebootNewImage1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.2.4INTEGERWrite-only Reboots new image.
Using Wi-LAN MIB Object Identifier NodesJune 2003 Rev 0 109Network ConfigurationNode Label Object ID Type Access DescriptionipAddr 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.1.2 IpAddress Read/WriteInternet IP AddressipMask 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.1.3 PhysAddressRead/WriteInternet IP MaskmacAddr 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.1.4 PhysAddressRead-only Ethernet MAC AddresslancamFilterFlag 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.1.7 INTEGER (0,1)Read-only Software LANCAM Filtering: off (0) or on (1)swLANCAMFilterTable1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.1.8 Table Read-only N/AlancamFilterNumber 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.1.8.1.1.1 to 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.1.8.1.1.8 INTEGER (1..8)Read-only Software LANCAM table row numberlancamFilterMACAddr1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.1.8.1.2.1 to 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.1.8.1.2.8PhysAddressRead-only LANCAM AddressesroutingType 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.1.9 INTEGER (1,3,4)Read/WriteIP Routing Option: Transparent (1), IP Filtering (3)FilterWithBER(4)VLAN Tag 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.1.39 INTEGER(0,1)Read/WriteVLAN tagging:Enable(1) orDisable(0)VLANIdentity 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.1.40 INTEGER(1..4096)Read/WriteVLAN Identification numberVLANUserPriority 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.1.41 INTEGER(0..7)Read/WriteVLAN User Priority
Appendix B: SNMP MIB110 Libra 5800 Series User GuideRadio ConfigurationNode Label Object ID Type Access DescriptionstationType 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.1.10 INTEGER (1,2)Read-only OFDM Station Type: Base-Station (1) or Remote (2)radioId 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.1.11 INTEGER (0..2048)Read/WriteRF Station IdrxCenterFreqTable 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.1.12 Table Read-only N/ArxCenterFreqNumber1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.1.12.1.1.1to 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.1.12.1.1.64INTEGER (1..64)Read-only Frequency table row numberrxCenterFreqValue 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.1.12.1.2.1 to 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.1.12.1.2.64INTEGER (1..64)Read-only N/A. (Receive frequency values obtained from ODU)rxCenterFreqValue 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.1.12.1.2.1 to 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.1.12.1.2.64NTEGER (1..64))Read-only N/A. (Receive frequency values obtained from ODUtxCenterFreqTable 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.1.13.1.1.1to 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.1.13.1.1.64Table Read-only N/AtxCenterFreqNumber1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.1.13.1.1.1 to 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.1.13.1.1.64INTEGER (1..64)Read-only Frequency table row numbertxCenterFreqValue 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.1.13.1.2.1 to 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.1.13.1.2.64INTEGER Read-only N/A. (Transmit frequency values obtained from ODU).rxCenterFreq 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.1.14 INTEGER Read/WriteSet RF Rx Center Freq (MHz): valid values are defined by rxCenterFreqValue
Using Wi-LAN MIB Object Identifier NodesJune 2003 Rev 0 111txCenterFreq 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.1.15 INTEGER Read/Writ Set RF Tx Center Freq (MHz) : valid values are defined by txCenterFreqValueifibTxPower 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.1.16 INTEGER (0x00..0x1F)Read/Writ Set IFIB Tx PowersectorID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.1.30 INTEGER (0..31)Read/WriteSector IDsynchID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.1.33 INTEGER (0..1)Read/WriteSynchronization IDmodulationType 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.1.32 INTEGER R/W Modulation Type QAM16(1), QPSK(2), BPSK(3) Node Label Object ID Type Access Description
Appendix B: SNMP MIB112 Libra 5800 Series User GuideSystem SecurityIP Filter ConfigurationNode Label Object ID Type Access DescriptionpassWord 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.1.17DisplayString (Size 0..31)Read/WriteChange Supervisor PasswordethernetAccess 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.1.18INTEGER (0,1)Read/WriteSystem Ethernet Access: Disabled (0), Enabled (1)wirelessAccess 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.1.19INTEGER (0,1)Read/WriteSystem Wireless Access: Disabled (0), Enabled (1)publicName 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.1.20DisplayString (Size 0..31)Read/WriteSNMP Public Community NameprivateName 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.1.21DisplayString (Size 0..31)Read/WriteSNMP Private Community NameNode Label Object ID Type Access DescriptionipFilterTable 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.1.22 Table Read-only N/AipFilterNumber 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.1.22.1.1 to 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.1.22.1.1.1INTEGER Read-only FilteripFilterOnOff 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.1.22.1.2.1 to 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.1.22.1.2.10INTEGER (0-1)Read/WriteType: Off(0), On (1) ipFilterAddr 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.1.22.1.3.1 to 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.1.22.1.3.10IpAddress Read/WriteHost/Net AddressipFilterMask 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.1.22.1.4.1 to 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.1.22.1.4.10IpAddresSRead/WriteHost/Net Mask
Using Wi-LAN MIB Object Identifier NodesJune 2003 Rev 0 113System Current StatusNode Label Object ID Type Access DescriptionsystemStatus 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.3.1 INTEGER (0..1)Read-only N/A: Down (0), Up (1)networkStatus1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.3.2 INTEGER (0..1)Read-only N/A: Off-line (0), On-line (1)ExtinctParam 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.3.3 INTEGER Read-only Obsolete: returns zerototalHours 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.3.4 Counter Read-only Cumulative Run-Time HourssystemHours 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.3.5 Counter Read-only Current Run-Time HourspowerCycles 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.3.6 Counter Read-only Power CyclesthermalFails 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.3.7 Counter Read-only N/AloginOkays 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.3.8 Counter Read-only Successful LoginsloginFails 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.3. Counter Read-only Unsuccessful LoginslocalUser 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.3.10INTEGER (0..2)Read-only Local User Logged In: None(0), User(1), Supervisor(2)telnetUser 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.3.11INTEGER (0..2)Read-only Telnet User Logged In: None(0), User(1), Supervisor(2)ftpUser 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.3.12INTEGER (0..2)Read-only FTP User Logged In: None(0), User(1), Supervisor(2
Appendix B: SNMP MIB114 Libra 5800 Series User GuideMAC Layer StatisticsNode Label Object ID Type Access DescriptionetherRxFrames1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.4.1Counter Read-only Total Frames ReceivedstackRxEther 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.4.2Counter Read-only Frames For Local HostetherRxFrames1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.4.1Counter Read-only Total Frames ReceivedstackRxEther 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.4.2Counter Read-only Frames For Local HostetherRxErrors 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.4.3Counter Read-only Receive ErrorsetherRxDropped1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.4.4Counter Read-only Frames DroppedetherTxFrames 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.4.5Counter Read-only Total Frames TransmittedstackTxEther 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.4.6Counter Read-only Frames From Local HostetherTxDropped1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.4.7Counter Read-only Frames DroppeddecSFrames 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.4.8Counter Read-only Total Superframes DecodedunpackSHEAlone1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.4.9Counter Read-only Standalone SHE’sstackRxOfdm 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.4.10Counter Read-only Ethernet Frames For LocaluncorrectSfs 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.4.11Counter Read-only Uncorrectable SuperframesuncorrectCWs 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.4.12Counter Read-only Uncorrectable Code WordscorrectedSfs 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.4.13Counter Read-only Corrected SuperframescorrectedBytes 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.4.14Counter Read-only Corrected BytesencSFrames 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.4.15Counter Read-only Total Superframes Encoded
Using Wi-LAN MIB Object Identifier NodesJune 2003 Rev 0 115ExtinctParam 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.4.16Counter Read-only Obsolete: returns zerostackTxOfdm 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.4.17Counter Read-only Ethernet Frames From LocalsFHeadErrors 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.4.18Counter Read-only Ethernet Frames From LocalenetHeadErrors1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.4.19Counter Read-only Ethernet Header ErrorssYNErrors 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.4.20Counter Read-only Synch ErrorslatePollResp 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.4.21Counter Read-only Late Poll ResponsescurrentRssi 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.4.22INTEGER Read-only RSSI (dBm)nullDepth 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.4.23INTEGER Read-only Null Depth (dB)fadeMargin 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.4.24INTEGER Read-only FEC BER (x1E-9)fecBER 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.4.25INTEGER Read-only EC BER (x1E-9)bER 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.4.26INTEGER Read-only ER (x1E-9)throughputMax 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.4.27INTEGER Read-only Maximum ThroughputthroughputAvg 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.4.28INTEGER Read-only Average ThroughputthroughputMaxT1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.4.29INTEGER Read-only Maximum Total ThroughputthroughputAvgT1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.1.4.30INTEGER Read-only Average Total ThroughputNode Label Object ID Type Access Description
Appendix B: SNMP MIB116 Libra 5800 Series User Guide
June 2003 Rev 0 117Appendix C: Simple Link Planning WorksheetThis worksheet is suitable for planning a simple point-to-point link or a single link in a P-MP network. AP (for P-MP) or Base (for P-P) InformationConfiguration InformationSite InformationIP Address: Sector IDSubnet Mask: Synch ID:Station Type: Base Station Center Frequency:RF Station ID:(P-MP only)Environment/shelterAC power accessGroundingEthernet access
Appendix C: Simple Link Planning Worksheet118 Libra 5800 Series User GuideCPE (for P-MP) or Remote (for P-P) InformationCPE Configuration InformationPath InformationSite Information Antenna and Cable RequirementsIP Address: Sector ID:Subnet Mask: Synch ID: Station Type: Remote Rx Center Frequency:RF Station ID: (P-MP only)LOS AvailablilityDistance to Base StationFresnel Clearance Required (m)Calculated Fade MarginMeasured Fade MarginEnvironment/ShelterAC PowerGroundingEthernet accessNotes:Antenna TypeModelAntenna Mounting LocationTransmission Cable TypeLength (m)Notes:
June 2003 Rev 0 119Appendix D: Linktest and Link StatisticsOverviewYou can test the ability of a link to send and receive data with Linktest. Linktest can be run from an AP or CPE/LCPE in P-MP or from either base or remote in P-P systems. You can also view performance statistics with the MAC Layer Statistics menu. Some of these statistics are• Bit Error Rate (BER)• Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI)•Fade Margin• BER after Forward Error Correction (FEC BER)Note: BER and FEC BER are updated every one thousand million bits. For longer term BER, see LBER and LFEC BER in MAC Layer Statistics, page 84.About LinktestLinktest is a diagnostic tool for testing and troubleshooting a wireless link. For more information asee Link Test, page 38You can run Linktest from an AP to a Libra CPE, and from a Libra CPE to an AP, but not from one Libra CPE to another. (Only while running Linktest an AP can function as a remote unit.)The unit running Linktest is called the local. It generates pseudo-random packets of data and transmits them to the unit at the other end of the link, which is called the remote. The remote unit compares the pseudo-random data and accumulates bit errors, RSSI, Fade Margin, Forward Error Correction (FEC), and packet statistics. It sends these statistics and the data back to the local unit. The local compares the original data to what it received and displays the accumulated statistics.To define the link for Linktest, you need to specify the Radio Station Id of the far-end (Linktest remote) unit and the variables acc, var and pps. These variables are explained below. If you do not set these three variables, the test uses default values, also explained in the table below.Linktest produces invalid results if run from both ends of the same link at the same time.Performing a LinktestLinktest is a diagnostic tool for testing wireless links. Use Linktest to check or troubleshoot a link.
Appendix D: Linktest and Link Statistics120 Libra 5800 Series User GuideThe transmitting (local) unit generates pseudo-random packets of data that it sends to the receiving (remote) unit at the other end of the link. The remote unit compares the packets and measures the BER (bit error rate), RSSI, Fade Margin, Forward Error Correction (FEC) and other statistics. It sends those statistics and the original data back to the local unit. The local unit reads the data and displays the accumulated statistics.Linktest can run from the base to any remote in a system, or from a remote to the base, but it cannot run from one remote to another. Linktest variablesYou can set four variables when starting Linktest. They are station ID of the remote, accuracy of the test, symbol variation and transmission speed.You must set the Radio Station ID. The system uses default values for the others if you do not set them. Before you start a Linktest, you must set the remote unit’s ID. See Setting the RF Station ID (P-MP Only), page 70 for information about viewing and setting station IDs.Note: Linktest will produce invalid results if run at the same time from both ends of the same link.➧ To run Linktest1. Connect a PC, Laptop or PDA with terminal emulation software to the serial port of the unit from which you will run Linktest. This can also be done via Telnet and TCP/IP. 2. Press the Esc key until you enter command line mode, as indicated by the wilan> prompt. 3. Type the following command line after the wilan> prompt.Linktest <station id of remote> [<acc> <var> <pps>]whereTIP: Linktest can run while the system carries user data, but the test overhead reduces the links data capac-ity. It is better to run Linktest while the system is idle.<station ID of remote>RF Station ID number of Linktest remote unit. This number is the Access Point of the system if Linktest is run from a CPE.<acc> Accuracy of the test, expressed as 1E<acc> bits. The default accuracy is 6 (1E6) or one million. The <acc> value defines the number of bits sent for each line of displayed statistics. Sending more bits produces more accurate statistics, but increases the time needed to run the test. The test sends 10 times as many bits as the acc value. Choosing an acc of 6, or 1 million, causes the test to send 1E7 bits, or 10 million.
Performing a LinktestJune 2003 Rev 0 1214. Press Enter. The test results are displayed.<var> Symbol variation within the configured accuracy. The default is 16, meaning the symbol changes every 781 frames, the equivalent of 1E6 bits. A higher var value results in a slower test with more reliable BER statistics. Linktest takes only multiples of 16. For example, if <var> is set to 32, the symbol changes every 390 frames. If it is set to 30, it still changes every 390 frames. If <var> is set to 16, and <acc> is set to 7, then the symbol will change every 7,810 frames.<pps> Transmission speed in packets per second. The default is 60 packets per second. A low pps value means the Linktest decreases the proportion of test data to message data. A high pps value means that Linktest increases the proportion of test data to message data. wilan> linktest 2 Linktest symbol changes every 781 frames RSSI Fade Margin BER(x1E 6) FEC corrected Missed Loopback R L R L R L R L Frames Frames ----- ------- ------ ------- ----- ------ -60 -60 43 43 0 0 0 0 0 781 -60 -60 46 43 0 0 0 0 0 781 -60 -60 46 43 0 0 0 0 0 781 -60 -60 46 22 0 0 0 0 0 781 -60 -60 46 43 0 0 0 0 0 781 -60 -60 43 43 0 0 0 0 0 781 -60 -60 46 43 0 0 0 0 0 781 -60 -60 46 43 0 0 0 0 0 781
Appendix D: Linktest and Link Statistics122 Libra 5800 Series User Guide5. Press Esc to exit Linktest and return to the command line prompt.RStatistics measured at the Linktest remoteLStatistics measured at the Linktest localRSSI Received signal strength indicator. A good value is -60 to -65. The receive sensitivity is -75 for the CPE and -78 for the APFade Margin Number of dB by which the received signal strength exceeds the minimum receiver sensitivity. A good value is 15, assuming the RSSI = -60. The higher the fade margin the better.BER(1E6) Bit error rate before forward error correction. 1E-6 is the default setting. The tester can configure this value. The ideal result is zero, using the default setting.FEC Corrected Byte errors that were corrected by forward error correction. Ideally, this should be zero, but 100,000 could be tolerated at RSSI = -75 to meet a BER of 1E-6.Missed Frames The number of frames sent to, but not received by, the Linktest local. Ideally, this number should be zero. The key numbers are the BER and the FEC Corrected Bytes.Loopback FramesThe number of frames received by the local. This should be 781, using the default setting of 1E-6. It changes according to the accuracy specified in the Linktest.For more information about RSSI, Fade Margin, BER, FEC Corrected and Missed Frames, see MAC Layer Statistics, page 84
June 2003 Rev 0 123Appendix E: Bench Configuration TestingOverviewThis chapter explains how to assemble, configure and test Libra equipment to familiarize yourself with it or to help debug it should problems occur. Equipment will be tested in pairs consisting of an AP and a CPE for a P-MP system or two P-P units (RD’s or ER’s) in a controlled environment such as a lab. Detailed information about configuring Libra units can be found in Configuration, page 27.Field installation procedures are described in Field Installation, page 89.Setup processBench testing your new Libra 5800 units includes four steps, from unpacking the shipping package to performing simple network tests.Setup steps1234Check shippingpackage contentsAssemble two unitsPre-configure the unitsTest the units
Appendix E: Bench Configuration Testing124 Libra 5800 Series User GuideTools and equipmentYou will need the following tools and equipment to perform a bench test.Checking shipping package contentsCheck the shipping package contents to ensure that you have all the parts you need.The CPE shipping package should contains the following items:• 1x Libra 5800 Unit (with Integrated Antenna (CPE, RD units) or without (AP, LCPE, ER))• 1x Power Cord• 1x Power Inserter• 1x Libra 5800 User Manual (CD ROM)• 1x Mounting Kit• 1x Mounting base • 1x Wall Mount Clamp •1x Clamp •1x Arm• 4x Washer Flat M5 • 4x Washer Spring M5 •4x Nut M5 • 4x Screw Hex Cap M5x0.8 16mm• 6 x Washer Flat M8• 4x Washer Spring M8 •2x Nut M8 • 4x Screw Hex Cap M8x40 (for 1 3/4" dia pole)3/16” nut driverCables: CAT-5 / Power cables with RJ-45 connector (not supplied with units). PC or PDA with a terminal emulation software such as HyperTerminal and network software (ftp and ping)RS-232 cable to connect the PC or PDA to the serial port of the Libra. This is a straight-through DB9 connector. (except for PDA which may differ depending on make and model) Pins 2,3 and 5 correspond to transmit data, receive data, and ground. A weatherproof RS-232 cable is available from Wi-LAN (part no. 6010-1404)AC plug or converter for the Libra power inserter. Different countries have different power supplies, so only the cord is supplied, not the plug.For AP, LCPE and ER units an external antenna and RF Cable with N-type connector is needed.
Checking shipping package contentsJune 2003 Rev 0 125• 4x Screw Hex Cap M8x70 (for greater than 1 3/4" dia pole)• 1x Weather Proof Kit•1x O Ring• 1x Insert• 1x Coupling Nut• 1x Shell• 1x RJ 45 ConnectorNote: For ER, LCPE and AP you will also need an external antenna and an RF cable with N-type connector
Appendix E: Bench Configuration Testing126 Libra 5800 Series User GuideAssembling the Libra UnitsOnce you have assembled either one AP and one CPE (for P-MP) or a base and remote (for P-P) for familiarization, you may use the AP or the Base to bench test any CPEs or remotes that may have problems in the field. This setup can also be used to pre-configure units before field installation or to pre-test units.➧ To assemble Libra unitsDetails of the assembly of the Libra units are provided in the Description chapter (see Description, page 13) and in the Field Installation chapter (see Field Installation, page 89). Libra test network set-up! CAUTIONDo not "hot plug" the power adapter into the Libra to power up the unit—the Libra should first be plugged into the power inserter unit at the RJ-45 "TO RADIO" connector. Next, the power inserter AC power supply cord should be plugged into the AC outlet to power up the unit.WorkstationHubComputerSectoral AntennaAccess PointOutdoor CAT-5CablePower InserterCPE withIntegratedPanel AntennaOutdoor CAT-5CablePower Inserter
Configuring the unitsJune 2003 Rev 0 127Configuring the unitsThis section describes how to set intitial AP and CPE (for P-MP) parameters or base and remote (for P-P) parameters so you can perform bench tests. See Configuration, page 27 for detailed instructions about setting parameters. ➧ Hookup to Configure the Libra1. Connect a PC or PDA to the serial port of the Libra using a straight-through (for PC) RS-232 cableRS-232 ConnectionConfiguring a P-MP SystemConfiguring an APWhen you configure an AP, you will need to perform the following tasks.• Set an RF Station ID• Set RF Center Frequencies• Set the Sector ID• Set the Synch ID• Choose the Tx Power• Add the CPE to the polling listConfiguring a CPEWhen you configure a CPE, you will need to perform the following tasks.Libra UnitPCRS-232 Serial Cableto PC COM portSerial PortDetailLibraSerial PortDB9 (female)LibraSerial cable
Appendix E: Bench Configuration Testing128 Libra 5800 Series User Guide• Set the RF Station ID as configured in the AP polling list• Set RF Center Frequencies. Choose the same frequency as for the AP configuration.• Select the Synch ID to be the same as that for the AP• Select the Sector ID to be the same as that for the AP• Set IP Address Configuration• Select the Transmit PowerNote: In a lab environment the units are physically closely located. In order to avoid saturating the receivers make sure that the power setting is low enough. You should now have a functioning RF System. Proceed to the next section to test the RF and Network performance. Configuring a P-P SystemConfiguring a Base StationWhen you configure a Base Station, you will need to perform the following tasks.• Set RF Center Frequencies• Set the Sector ID• Set the Synch ID• Choose the Tx PowerConfiguring a RemoteWhen you configure an AP, you will need to perform the following tasks.• Set RF Center Frequencies to be the same as the Base Station• Set the Sector ID to be the same as the Base Station• Set the Synch ID• Choose the Tx PowerNote: In a lab environment the units are physically closely located. In order to avoid saturating the receivers make sure that the power setting is low enough. ImportantThe quality of your digital data transmission depends on the quality of your RF link. Always try to establish a good RF link first. A high-quality RF link results in high-quality data transmissions and a low bit error rate (BER). A low-quality RF link will result in low-quality data transmissions and a high BER. Digital data can always be sent across a high-quality RF link. If the RF link is of poor quality, data either cannot be sent at all or will contain too many errors to be useful. ImportantThe quality of your digital data transmission depends on the quality of your RF link. Always try to establish a good RF link first. A high-quality RF link results in high-quality data transmissions and a low bit error rate (BER). A low-quality RF link will result in low-quality data transmissions and a high BER. Digital data can always be sent across a high-quality RF link. If the RF link is of poor quality, data either cannot be sent at all or will contain too many errors to be useful.
Testing the unitsJune 2003 Rev 0 129Testing the unitsTest the units to make sure that a basic RF link exists and data can be sent over it. In this section you will complete the following tasks.A) Test the link with LinktestB) Perform some simple network testsTesting the RF link with LinktestIn this step, you will test the basic RF link with Linktest. Linktest verifies that a link can send and receive test data.➧ To test the RF link with LinktestNOTE:In a lab environment the units are physically closely located. In order to avoid saturating the receivers make sure that the power setting is low enough. 1. Connect a PC to the serial port of the Libra Unit and access the Main System Menu.2. Log in using the supervisor password.3. Press Esc until the wilan> command line prompt appears.4. From the wilan> prompt type the following command.linktest <station Id of the unit to test to> [<acc> <pps>]where5. Press Enter. If the RF link has been configured properly the Linktest results appear.station IDRF Station ID of the Linktest remote unit. This can be the base station of the system if Linktest is run from another BWS unit.acc Accuracy of the test, expressed as 1E<acc> bits. The default is 6 (1E6), or one million bits. The acc value defines the number of bits sent for each line of displayed statistics. Sending more bits makes the statistics more accurate, but takes longer. The test sends 10 times the acc value. Choosing an acc value of 6 (one part in a million) causes the test to send 1E7 (10 million) bits.pps Transmission speed in packets per second (pps). The default is 60 packets per second. The lower the pps, the less bandwidth the Linktest takes up, and the less it affects any message data being sent at the same time. A higher pps value speeds up the test.
Appendix E: Bench Configuration Testing130 Libra 5800 Series User Guide6. In some cases antennas that are too close can cause high BER. To solve this problem adjust the signal strength. If the antennas are placed too close together, the strong signal causes distortion at the receiving unit. The RSSI number in the MAC Layer Statistics can tell you if the link is good. RStatistics measured at the Linktest remote (the other unit to the one from which Linktest is being initiated.LStatistics measured at the Linktest local (the unit from which the Linktest is being initiated)RSSI Received signal strength indicator. This should be above the receive sensitivity for the modulation chosenFade Margin Number of dB by which the received signal strength exceeds the minimum receiver sensitivity. The year round link availability depends on the Fade Margin. Ensure that you have sufficient FM for the range specified (see Appendix C: Simple Link Planning Worksheet, page 117 for calculation of Fade Margin).BER(1E6) Bit error rate before forward error correction. 1E-6 is the default. The tester can configure this. The ideal value is zero for the default setting.FEC Corrected Byte errors that were corrected by forward error correction. Ideally, this should be zero, but 100,000 could be tolerated at RSSI = -75 to meet a BER of 1E-6.Missed Frames The number of frames sent to, but not received by, the Linktest local. Ideally, this number should be zero. The key numbers are the BER and the FEC Corrected Bytes.Loopback FramesThe number of frames received by the local. This should be 781, using the default setting of 1E-6. It changes according to the accuracy specified in the Linktest.wilan> linktest 2 Linktest symbol changes every 781 frames RSSI FadeMargin BER(x1E6) FEC corrected Missed Loopback R L R L R L R L Frames Frames ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -60 -60 43 43 0 0 0 0 0 781 -60 -60 46 43 0 0 0 0 0 781 -60 -60 46 43 0 0 0 0 0 781 -60 -60 46 22 0 0 0 0 0 781 -60 -60 46 43 0 0 0 0 0 781 -60 -60 43 43 0 0 0 0 0 781 -60 -60 46 43 0 0 0 0 0 781 -60 -60 46 43 0 0 0 0 0 781
Testing the unitsJune 2003 Rev 0 131This number represents the signal strength at each ODU receiver. It should be somewhere between -60 and -65 dB. You can change the RSSI number by adjusting the TX Power. It is recommended that you set this parameter to 10 for bench testing. See Setting Tx Power, page 747. Press Esc to exit Linktest and return to the command line prompt.Performing simple network testsThe purpose of this step is to test the ability of the wireless link to operate as part of a wired network.➧ To perform a simple network test1. Power up the Libra units.2. Using the configuration PC or PDA, login to the AP (or Base for P-P) as “supervisor” and check the AP/Base configuration settings. Perform the following checks. • Access the System Security screen and ensure that System Ethernet Access and System Wireless Access are set to On. • Enter the Radio Configuration screen and ensure that the RF Center Freq are set to the frequency you want. • Enter the Remote Station Configuration menu and set up each CPE (not needed for P-P). • Remove any CPEs present in the polling list that are not running as part of this test.Do this by setting their Radio Station IDs to 0 in the remote Station Configuration screen (Not needed for P-P). • Access the Network Configuration menu and ensure that you have set the Internet IP Address and Internet IP Mask. 3. Connect the configuration PC/PDA to the Libra CPE/remote serial port and check the same configuration settings as in Step 2. The IP Address and Subnet Mask of the remote CPE/Remote and PC/PDA must match, or you will not be able to run a ping test. For example, if the PC/PDA has an IP Address of 192.168.2.10 and a subnet mask of 255.255.255.0, the Libra CPE/Remote must have an IP Address of 192.168.2.n, where n is any number between 1 and 254 except 10. 4. Run ping across the wireless link from a PC on the AP side to a PC on the CPE side. 5. Use ftp to send a large test file from a PC on the AP/Base side to a PC on the CPE/Remote side. (This requires that an FTP server application run on the PC connected to the CPE/Remote.). When the file transfer is done, ftp displays the size of the file and the time it took to transfer the file. From this information, calculate the data transfer rate and ensure that it meets system performance expectations
Appendix E: Bench Configuration Testing132 Libra 5800 Series User Guide.6. View the MAC Layer Statistics screen at the configuration PC while using ftp to transfer a large file from a PC on the AP side to a PC on the CPE side.• The Late Poll Response number should not change• The RSSI figure should be above the receiver sensitivity for the modulation type being tested.• The corrected superframe and byte figures should be low, ranging from zero to three. The uncorrected superframes should preferably be zero. .pingftpUsing ping and ftpFrom the command line prompt, type:C:> ping IP Address To connect to the node, from the DOS prompt, type:C:> ftp IP Address Example:ping 192.163.2.88Follow the instructions. ftp> help For instructions about using ftp, type “help” at the ftp prompt.
June 2003 Rev 0 133GlossaryAabsorptionAntennas mounted too close to “soft” objects, such as trees, may experience a reduction in signal strength due to absorption. Absorption is most often encountered in antennas installed during fall or winter. The problem does not start until the spring, when leaves appear.Access HubA group of APs, each serving a group of CPEs. Also called a cell site.Access PointThe base station of the BWS network. AP refers to the machinery – IDU, ODU, and antenna – that comprises the link with the wired network. Sometimes AP means the point where the wireless network touches the wired network.agentAn agent runs on each unit in a Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) context. An agent accepts configuration commands from the manager and collects network and terminal information specified in the Management Information Base (MIB).antennaA device which takes electromagnetic energy from a circuit or wire and radiates it.antenna gainGain of the antenna over a dipole antenna (dBd) or isotropic radiator (dBi).• Gain measures of the ability of an antenna to amplify signals in its tuned band.• Antenna gain comes from focusing the signal. A higher-gain antenna has a more tightly directed signal.ARPAddress Resolution Protocol. This is low-level protocol that maps IP addresses to Ethernet addresses. An ARP request goes out to the network along with an IP address. The node with the address responds to the request with a hardware address so the transmission can take place.
Glossary134 Libra 5800 Series User GuideASCIIAmerican Standard Code for Information Interchange. A system used by personal computers to convert letters, numbers and symbols into binary notation.Automatic Frequency ControlA method by which the CPEs stayed tuned to the correct frequency for communicating with the AP, despite frequency variations caused by the hardware.attenuationAny loss in signal strength, due to resistance, absorption, capacitance, or any characteristic of the medium or design of the system.BBandwidthThe size of a communications channel, measured in cycles per second. "Bandwidth" is often used as a synonym for data rate.base stationThe central control unit of the wireless network. A base station polls remote units and routes traffic to them. The base usually connects to a major access point of main network.beamwidthThe beamwidth of an antenna describes how a signal spreads out from the antenna, as well as the range of the reception area. Beamwidth is measured between the points on the beam pattern at which the power density is half of the maximum power. These are often called the -3 dB points. A high-gain antenna has a narrow beamwidth and may be more difficult to align.BERBit Error Rate. The proportion of bits received with errors. The default measurement is per million sent.Ccable lossThe loss a signal experiences as it passes through a cable. Expressed in dB.CAMContent Addressable Memory.channelThe width of the spectrum band taken by a radio signal, usually measured in kilohertz (kHz).chip rateChip rate signifies the time occupied by a single frequency. Also the period of a code clock, or the output of a code generator during one clock interval.
June 2003 Rev 0 135CPECustomer Premise Equipment – the remote or subscriber unit in the Wi-LAN Broadband Wireless Access System.co-locationPlacing antennas in the same place. One rooftop may host up to six antennas, each attached to a different AP ODU and IDU.coaxial cableA type of wire that has an inner conductor surrounded by an outer conductor. The outer conductor also serves as an electrical shield.collisionA collision occurs when two devices send signals over the same medium at the same frequency at the same time.community namesA kind of password. The Public Community Name offers read-only SNMP access to the AP and CPE IDUs. The Private Community name grants write access.configuration menusThe menus in the user interface on the Access Points that allows the operator to view and configure their parameters.Cross-polarization discriminationThis specifies the signal isolation achieved when the receiving element of an antenna is perpendicular to the radiating element. This is important when co-locating Access Points.DdBDecibel. A relative measure used to specify power gains and losses. The difference between power P1 and power P2 expressed in dB is:DB-9A D-shaped connector to the serial port on Wi-LAN equipment, with nine pins. Used to connect the IDU and PC.dBddBd is antenna gain referenced over a half-wave dipole. This is an antenna with a doughnut-shaped radiation pattern.Gain of a Standard Dipole = 2.14 dBi.dB 10 P1P2⁄()log=
Glossary136 Libra 5800 Series User GuidedBidBi is antenna gain referenced to an isotropic radiator. This a theoretical antenna that radiates equally in all directions, like the sun.Wi-LAN references antenna gain in dBi. The conversion factor is 0 dBd = 2.14 dBidBmA power measurement with respect to one milliwatt. This is an absolute measure of power rather than a relative measure such as a gain or a loss.Default Gateway IP AddressThis is the address of the gateway from the wireless network to the wired one. All packets bound for a destination on the wireless network must go here first. All packets meant for the next network must leave from here.diffractionDiffraction occurs when a radio signal bounces off a solid object. The level of diffraction could lead to connectivity problems if the remaining signal level is too low. Two types of diffraction are shadowing and multipath.dipoleAn antenna fed from the center. Antenna gains are often measured in relation to a standard dipole.downtiltSome antennas have a downtilt or an uptilt. The tilt further focuses the signal either downward or upward with respect to the horizon. A tilt may be either electrically built into the antenna or achieved mechanically with the mounting gear. A downtilt or uptilt may be required when there is a significant deviation between the elevation of the remote sites and the base site.dynamic time allocation (DTA)A process for determining how active a CPE is. A poll allows a unit a brief time to respond before considering that remote an idle one.EEEPROMElectrically Erasable, Programmable Read Only Memory: Non-volatile memory, it must be removed from board to be erased.EIRPEffective Isotropically Radiated Power. EIRP is the amount of power transmitted to the air by the antenna. EIRP levels depend on the power of the radio transmitter, the type of antenna, and the losses incurred in the antenna cable. ERPEffective Radiated Power. The power radiating from an antenna taking into account the output power from the transmitter plus the antenna gain, less connector and cable losses.
June 2003 Rev 0 137ESDElectrostatic Discharge. Caused by static electricity. ESD Protection should be used to protect electronic components from damage.Ffade marginThe amount by which the system gain plus the total antenna gain exceed the path loss is called the fade margin. The fade margin is the number of dB that the received signal strength exceeds the minimum receiver sensitivity. FECForward Error Correction. A method of correcting data errors without retransmission. filteringFiltering in remote stations limits certain data packets.FlashA type of electrically erasable non-volatile memory that can easily be erased without removal from a unit. Using Flash, the Access Point can be upgraded in the field.Fresnel zoneThe line of sight between two antennas. It consists of one of a theoretically infinite number of a concentric ellipsoids of revolution that define volumes in the radiation pattern of a usually circular aperture. • The cross section of the first Fresnel zone is circular. Subsequent Fresnel zones are annular in cross-section, and concentric with the first. • Odd-numbered Fresnel zones have relatively intense field strengths and even-numbered Fresnel zones are nulls. • Fresnel zones result from diffraction by the circular aperture.front to back ratio (F/B)Directional antennas focus the signal in a forward path, reducing the signal in the opposite direction. The proportion between the two is called the front-to-back ratio. A higher gain antenna typically has a greater F/B ratio.frost loadingA concern of antenna operation affected by low temperatures.ftpFile Transfer Protocol. A method of copying files from one site to another. An operator of Wi-LAN equipment might use ftp to download software upgrades.
Glossary138 Libra 5800 Series User GuideGGainThe ability of a device to amplify a signal. Gain is the ratio of output power divided by input power, usually expressed in decibels (dB). Gain can also be measured as an absolute value, referenced to an input signal of one milliwatt (dBm). For antennas, gain measures the ability of an antenna to focus a signal and is expressed in dBd (half-wave dipole reference) or dBi (isotropic radiator reference).GPSGlobal Positioning System. Wi-LAN Broadband Wireless Access Systems installers may use GPS devices instead of maps and compasses to locate their unit and orient it toward another station. IIce loadingA problem of antenna operation in cold countries. Ice collects on the antenna and degrades its performance.IEEEInstitute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers.IFIBIntermediate Frequency Interface Board. imageAn image is a collection of configurations or settings for a particular device. The System Image File in the Access Point contains a collection of configurations used when the unit is rebooted.interferenceAny signal that tends to hamper the reception of a desired signal. This is equivalent to jamming, except that interference is not hostile.IP AddressA number assigned to a network node, domain, or subdivision. An IP Address consists of four numbers in the form nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn. The first two identify the network and subnetwork, and the last two identify unique nodes within the network. No two units may possess the same IP within a LAN.IP FilterInternet Protocol filtering allows the system administrator to permit only certain IP addresses to receive or send data using a CPE. This keeps non-subscribers from using the network.ISMIndustrial, Scientific, and Medical. This is the family of license-exempt radio bands in North America and some European countries. These are described in part 15.247 of the FCC regulation that defines the parameters for use of the ISM band in the U.S., including power outputs, spread spectrum, and noninterference.
June 2003 Rev 0 139LLANA localized network linking computers, servers, printers and other peripheral devices. Typical configuration is within buildings or between closely situated buildings.Line of Sight (LOS): Free SpaceAn unobstructed straight line between two transmitting devices. The transmission path is not established by nor dependent upon reflection, refraction or diffraction. As long as 60 per cent of the first Fresnel zone is clear, then it may be considered almost equivalent to LOS transmission.Link budgetThe amount of power, expressed in decibels, needed for a radio link to work.LinktestA method of proving a new radio link or troubleshooting an existing one. Linktest sends data packets in both directions and accumulates statistics on the data that indicate how well the link works.MMAC addressMedia Access Control address. Alphanumeric characters that uniquely identify a network-connected device.Management Information BaseSee MIB.Management PortThe DB-9 port on the IDU to which a PC may be attached.managerThis element is installed on the network’s host computer and is controlled by the network administrator when used in SNMP. From the host, the manager configures agents, or polls agents for information.MIBManagement Information Base. A set of commands that you can execute using the SNMP Manager to access the MIB database. A standard MIB and a Wi-LAN-customized MIB store information relevant to the operation of a wireless network.multipath interferenceAs a radio signal travels, it may reflect off objects in the environment and take various paths to the receiver. As a result, the signal arrives at the receiver at different times, confuses the receiver, and causes bit errors and processing delays. A related type of interference is multipath fading, in which a reflected signal shifts out of phase with the original signal and cancels it.
Glossary140 Libra 5800 Series User GuideNNear Line of Sight (NrLOS): SuburbanNrLOS is a visually-obstructed line of sight between two transmitting devices but a straight line can still be drawn between them. Any combination of reflection, refraction and diffraction on a direct ray between the transmitter and receiver may have occurred.Non Line of Sight (NLOS): Dense UrbanNo line can be drawn between two transmitting devices. Total visual blockage has occurred between the transmitting and receiving devices. Extremely large amounts of reflection, refraction and diffraction can occur on a direct ray between the transmitter and receiver.nullAn RF signal component with a smaller amplitude than the rest of the RF signal in multipath interference. Nulls are caused by subtractive combination as a result of multipath fading.null depthThe ratio in dB between the strongest OFDM carrier and the weakest carrier in multipath interference. A null depth of zero indicates that there is no multipath reception.OObstructed Line of Sight (OLOS): UrbanOLOS is a partially blocked elliptical cylinder, whose diameter depends on frequency and distance, that can be drawn between two transmitting devices. An object is infringing or cutting into the cylinder. OLOS can occur in various degrees of severity. Large amounts of reflection, refraction and/or diffraction occur on a direct ray between the transmitter and receiver.ODUOutdoor Unit. This device sits between the Indoor Unit and the antenna. It converts signals from one into the form needed by the other.OFDMOrthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing. A method of splitting the data stream into a number of channels, each transmitted simultaneously on a different frequency.OFDM Station TypeConfiguration setting where the base and remote are defined. The APs are base stations. The CPEs are remote stations.OID nodesObject Identifier Nodes. These are the individual nodes in an MIB. See SNMP and MIB.
June 2003 Rev 0 141OrthogonalAn adjective that refers to the way the many carrier waves in a W-OFDM system affect each other. The carriers are spaced in such a way that the center frequency of each signal lies in the null spot of its neighbors. This minimizes interference. overheadAnything that reduces the payload capacity of a system is overhead, even if it is useful. Link monitor data determines transmission statistics, but it reduces the message-carrying capacity of the system and is considered overhead. Ppath lossThe total loss from one end of the path to the other. This includes propagation losses, cable losses, and any other losses that affect the system performance.pingA method of testing a link. Executing the ping command sends a signal to the remote station. The station returns the signal. If the signal comes back on time and intact, the link works. See ftp. polarizationThe orientation of the radiating element of an antenna with respect to Earth. The polarization of antennas is usually described as vertical, horizontal, or circular.PNPseudo-random noise. A code used to change a narrowband signal into a spread spectrum signal.point-to-multipointA wireless system with one base unit communicating with many remote units. In the BWS system, the AP is the base and the CPEs the remotes.point-to-pointThe simplest wireless system, consisting of a base and a remote. pollingThe AP unit handles multiple CPEs by contacting them in the order they appear in the polling list. When an AP polls a CPE, they exchange data. The CPE cannot exchange information with the AP until it is polled again.Polling ListThe order in which the AP contacts the CPEs in its sector. propagation lossThe weakening of a signal as it travels through the air. Expressed in dB.
Glossary142 Libra 5800 Series User GuideQQAMQuadrature Amplitude Modulation. A kind of modulation that varies signal amplitude.RReed-SolomonA way of accomplishing Forward Error Correction. Reed-Solomon describes a data block in such a way that errors in the data block can be detected and repaired without retransmission.remote unitA unit that can communicate with a base station or other remote units. A remote unit forms a wireless link between a network segment and a base station. CPEs are the remote units in the BWS system.RFRadio Frequency. RF communication uses electromagnetic waves propagated through space. Because of varying characteristics, radio waves of different lengths are used for different purposes and are usually identified by their frequency.RF Center FrequenciesWi-LAN Broadband Wireless Access Systems sometimes use two center frequencies. The AP transmits on one and the CPEs transmit on another.RF Station IDThis is a configurable number, from one to 2,048, that identifies an AP or CPE to the network. RS-232RS-232 in this document is generally refers to the DB-9 connector that attaches a PC to an IDU. RS-232 also refers to standards for serial communications, which define the voltages, currents, data rates, and other factors about the signals to be used, as well as single-ended, differential, multi-drop operation. RSSIReceived Signal Strength Indicator. Strength of received signal expressed in dB. The Access Point measures RSSI as a fade margin value.SsensitivityThe minimum signal strength required for usable performance, expressed in dBm.shadowingShadowing is a form of diffraction typically caused by antennas being mounted too close to a structure, where they lose a portion of the signal lobe due to reflection. The receiving antenna is in a shadowed area. To minimize shadowing, mount the antenna higher.
June 2003 Rev 0 143SNMPSimple Network Management Protocol. A protocol used to remotely manage a network element by polling, setting terminal values, and monitoring network statistics and events. It is the de facto internet work management standard, designed to provide a mechanism for exchanging management information in a TCP/IP-based Internet environment.SNMP NMS Trap IP AddressThis is the address to which all the alarms and event messages are sent. spectrum analyzerAn instrument that captures RF energy and displays its amplitude and frequency on a screen.spread spectrum (SS)Any of a group of modulation formats in which an RF bandwidth much wider than the signal bandwidth is used to transmit data, resulting in a greater immunity to noise interference.straight-through cableA straight-through cable is wired the same at both ends. That is, pin one connects to pin one, pin two to pin two, and so on. Straight-through cables are used to connect an IDU to a PC.system gainThe maximum path loss that the system can support and produce usable data transmission.system image fileThe Access Point uses system image files to store system configuration settings. The default system image file is called the factory image and is used when the units are first powered up.TtelnetAn Internet communications protocol that enables a computer to function as a terminal working on a remote computer. A computer with a network connection to an Access Point can telnet to any of the units and access their configuration menus. UuptiltSee downtilt.VVSWR (Voltage Standing Wave Ratio)VSWR is the voltage ratio of minimum to maximum across a transmission line. A VSWR of 2.0:1 or less in an antenna is considered effective. Most antennas have a VSWR of 1.5:1. For example, when using a radio with a four-watt output with an antenna VSWR of 1.5:1, the reflected power will be 160 milliwatts.
Glossary144 Libra 5800 Series User GuideVT 100A terminal emulation system. WWANWide Area Network. A network covering a larger area than a Metropolitan Area Network which covers a city.Wind loadingA problem of antenna installation and operation.W-OFDMWideband Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing. A variation on the OFDM modulation scheme that allows greater range with less power, higher data rates, less distortion and greater immunity to interference.Numbers10/100 BaseTThe Ethernet cable that connects the Libra Unit to the wired network. 10 or 100 BaseT cable uses category three or five twisted pair wiring. Maximum length is 100 meters.
June 2003 Rev 0 145NumericsDownlink (Kbits/s) 83Uplink (Kbits/s) 82AAbout P-MP Systems 15About W-OFDM 14absorptiondefined 133troubleshooting 100acc = field 129acc defined 120access configuration menus 31accessingunits remotely 36, 41, 50addressinternet IP 64agentsdefined 133SNMP 107Antenna 19antennaalignmenttroubleshooting 99defined 133failure troubleshooting 100gain 133antenna alignmenttroubleshooting 99Antenna and Cable 16AP assembly 126AP Equipment 15AP, RF Connector 21Append line feeds to incoming line ends field 29ARP defined 133attenuationdefined 134Average Throughput field 86BBase Station modulation type 70base stationsdefined 134basic command line 86beamwidthdefined 134bench test 129BER(x1E6) (Link Test Result) 122, 130BER (x1E-9) field 85bit and processing errorstroubleshooting 100bit error rate (BER)defined 134BPSK 35, 40Ccable lossdefined 134cablestroubleshooting 98, 99, 100center frequency 35, 41, 70, 72troubleshooting 100Change Supervisor Password field 56, 58Change User Password field 54channel defined 134Character delay field 29chip rate defined 134cls command 87coaxial cable 135collisionand the SNMP manager 107defined 135co-locationdefined 135troubleshooting 100Command LineIndex
June 2003 Rev 0 146using 86command linebasic commands 86communication problemstroubleshooting 99community names 37, 52SNMP 107configurationIP/MBR Filter 78MBR 78troubleshooting 98, 99, 100configuration menusdefined 135configuration settingsrestoring factory configuration 62restoring power-on settings 62configuringinternet IP address 64internet IP mask 36, 65IP filtering options 78, 81IP filters for remote stations 79passwords 37, 53radio 70Remote IP filter 80RF station ID 33, 34, 39, 70Sector ID 34, 40, 71Synchronization ID 34, 40, 72Configuring the Polling List 78Confirm Supervisor Password field 57, 58Confirm User Password field 55connectorstroubleshooting 99copyright notice 9Corrected Bytes field 85CP Equipment 16CPE 16CPLD Revision 46crc 87Cumulative Run-Time field 49Current field 48current imagerebooting 60Current Run-Time field 49Customer support contacts 10DDate field 48dBdefined 135DB9defined 135dBddefined 135dBidefined 136dBmdefined 136Decibel defined 135decommissioningrestoring factory configurations 62defaultDefault field 48passwords 37, 53system image file 60defrag 87del command 87diffractiondefined 136dir command 87Disable field 79distancetroubleshooting 100Down Link 17Downlink 83downtiltdefined 136DSP Revision 46DTA defined 136dynamic time allocation defined 136EEcho typed characters locally field 29EEPROMdefined 136effective isotropically radiated powerdefined 136effective radiated powerdefined 136EIRPdefined 136electrically erasable, programmable read-only memo-ry 136ER Equipment 19ER, RF Connector 21
June 2003 Rev 0 147ERP 136ERP defined 136errors in bit and processingtroubleshooting 100ethernetaccess 36, 41, 50Ethernet Frames For Local field 85Ethernet Frames From Local field 86Ethernet Header Errors field 86Ethernet Port 20, 21Ethernet Power Inserter 16, 18, 21Ethernet Receive Statistics 84Ethernet Transmit Statistics field 85eventstracking 63excessive bit and processing errorstroubleshooting 100exit command 87exitingLink Test 122, 131exiting Link Test 122FF/Bdefined 137factory configurationpassword reset 37, 53restoring 62Fade Margin(dB) field 38, 43, 85(Link Test Result) 122, 130defined 137fade margin/signal strength lowtroubleshooting 99FE Version 46FECand Link Test 120FEC BER (x1E-9) field 38, 43, 85FEC CorrectedLink Test Result 122, 130field 82File Name field 48Filter number field 80Filter with MBR 82Filter with MBR field 79filteringIP 78LANCAM 68MBR 81Flash memory 60Force incoming data to 7-bit ASCII field 29Forward Error Correctionand Link Test 120Frames Dropped field 84, 85Frames For Local Host field 84Frames From Local Host field 85Fresnel zonedefined 137troubleshooting 99Front Panel RF Connector 21front to back ratiodefined 137ftpupgrading software with 103FTP User Logged In field 49Ggain defined 138HHardware 20hardwaretroubleshooting 98Hardware Mounting Kit for Libra 5800 22Hardware Revision 46help 87high packet loss troubleshooting 99high signal strengthtroubleshooting 98Host/Net Address field 80, 81Host/Net Mask field 80, 81IIEEE defined 138imagedefined 138image filesrebooting 61rebooting current 60setting 60Incorrect radio configurationtroubleshooting 99industrial, scientific and medical bands 138Installation procedure 93
June 2003 Rev 0 148Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 138interferencedefined 138multipath interference 139troubleshooting 98, 99Internet IP Addressfield 35, 41, 64setting 35, 64internet IP masksetting 36, 65Internet IP settingsdefining 64IPaddress 64filtering option 78filtersconfiguring for remote stations 79mask 36, 65IP Addressdefined 138setting 41IP Filterconfiguration 78field 79troubleshooting 100IP Filter Type field 80IP Filtering Option 81field 79IP Gateway Addresssetting 65IP masksconfiguring 64IP Routing Optionfield 82IP/MBR Filterconfiguration 78IP/MBR Filter Configuration menu 79, 81ISM defined 138LL (Link Test Result) 122, 130LANCAM filtering 37, 42, 66, 67, 68, 69Large Pipe Diameter Mounting Configuration 22Late Poll Responses field 86LBER field 85LCP Equipment 16LCPE 16LCPE, RF Connector 21LFEC BER field 85Libra 5800 Connection Panel 20Libra 5800 Series System Features 13Line delay field 29line of sightexplained 139link performancetroubleshooting 100Link Test 129 38byte errors corrected by FEC 122, 130command 87exiting 122, 131performing 119, 122, 131results 129RSSI 122, 130starting 120variables 120, 129LNA defined 139Local User Logged In field 49login timeoutlogging in after 59logoutcommand 87Logout Timeout (Minutes) field 59Loopback frames 122, 130LOSdefined 139low noise amplifierdefined 139low signal strengthtroubleshooting 98, 99low signal strength/fade margintroubleshooting 99MMAC addressdefined 139MAC layer statisticsmenu 84resetting 63screen 63main configuration menutroubleshooting 101Main Menuinstructions 30
June 2003 Rev 0 149using 30Main System Menu 45maintenance recommendations 97Management Information Block 107defined 139managerdefined 139SNMP 107maskIP 36, 65Maximum Throughput field 86MBRfiltering option 81MBR configuration 78Media Access Control Addressdefined 139memorynon-volatile 136menusaccess 87MIB 107compiling 108defined 139SNMP 107Missed Frames 122, 130modulation type 70Modulation Type field 35, 40, 75Modulation Type Selection 35, 40, 75monitoringlink mode 119Mounting, Hardware 22Mounting, Large Pipe Diameter 22Mounting, Small Pipe Diameter 23Mounting, Wall Configuration 23multipath interferencedefined 139NNetworkconfiguring ??–37, ??–42, 64–66, ??–67, ??–68,??–69networkplan 126testing 95Network Configuration menu 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69network integritytroubleshooting 98network plan template 117nodesOID 108noisepseudo-random 141non-volatile memory 136noticescopyright 9null depthdefined 140field 38, 43, 85Oobject identifier nodesdefined 140OFDM Decoder Statistics 85OFDM Encoder Statistics field 86OID nodes defined 108, 140option 83overhead defined 141overpowering co-located units 100Ppacket loss hightroubleshooting 99passwordschanging 37, 54recommendation 97setting 37, 53troubleshooting 101path lossdefined 141peek 87ping command 87P-MP 15PN defined 141Point of Presencedefined 141Point-to-Multipoint System Components 15point-to-point system defined 141polarization defined 141powersupplytroubleshooting 99Power Connector 21Power Cycles field 49Power Inserter 19
June 2003 Rev 0 150Power Inserter, Ethernet 21Power/Ethernet Port 20Powering up the unit 32power-on settingsrestoring 62P-P Systems 18pps = field 129private community names 37, 52problem logging 97processing errorstroubleshooting 100propagation lossdefined 141pseudo-random dataand Link Test 119public community name 37, 52put commanddownloading new image files to unit 104QQAM 16 35, 40QPSK 35, 40Quality of RF linkstroubleshooting 98quit command 87RR (Link Test Result) 122, 130radiofrequency 142hardware troubleshooting 98troubleshooting 99Radio Configuration 70menu 75radio configurationmenu 70, 71, 72troubleshooting 99Radio Operation Background 17Radio Station ID 120RD Equipment 18Reboot Current Image field 61rebootingcurrent image 60system image files 60, 61Receive Errors field 84Received signal Strength Indicatordefined 142recordskeeping records of system changes 97remote accesssetting 50Remote IP filterconfiguring 80remote station configurationconfiguring IP Filters 79resettingMAC layer statistics 63statistics 63Restore Factory Configuration field 62Restore Poweron Configuration field 62Revision field 48RF Connector, Front Panel 21RF defined 142RF linktesting 129troubleshooting 98RF Rx Center Frequency field 35, 41, 73RF Station ID 70configuring 33, 34, 39, 70setting 34, 39, 70RF Station ID field 33, 34, 39, 70ROMviewing images 48RS Version 46RS-232 142RS-232 Connection 127RSSIdefined 142Link Test display 122, 130Link Test Result 122, 130RSSI (dBm) field 38, 43, 85SSector ID 70configuring 34, 40, 71setting 34, 40, 71Sector ID field 34, 40, 71securityremote access 36, 41, 50setting login timeouts 59setting passwords 37, 55system 59sensitivity defined 142Serial Port 20, 21
June 2003 Rev 0 151settingdefault system image file 60ethernet access 36, 41, 50internet IP address 64internet IP mask 36, 65IP filtering 78IP filtering options 81remote access 50RF center frequencies 35, 40, 75SNMP private community name 37, 52, 53SNMP public community names 37, 52, 53Software LANCAM Filtering 68the IP Gateway Address 65Tx power 35, 41, 74wireless access 36, 41, 50Setting MBR Filtering Option 81shadowing 142show command 88signal absorptiontroubleshooting 100signal strength lowtroubleshooting 99Simple Network Management Protocol 107defined 143simple network test 131Size field 48Small Pipe Diameter Mounting Configuration 23SNMP 107agents 107community names 107defined 143elements 107manager 107MIB 107OID nodes 108setting private community names 37, 52, 53setting public community names 37, 52, 53troubleshooting 100SNMP Public Community Name field 37, 52, 53Softwaretroubleshooting 98Software Date 47Software LANCAM Filteringsetting 68Software LANCAM Filtering field 36, 42, 66, 67, 68,69Software Revision 47Software Version 3.1 1spread spectrum defined 143SS defined 143station ID= field 129statisticsMAC layer 63resetting 63Successful Logins field 49Superframe Header Errors field 86Synch Errors field 86Synchronization ID 34, 40, 70, 72configuring 34, 40, 72Synchronization ID field 34, 40, 72System Commands Menu 61System Commands menu 60, 61, 62, 63System Components, Point-to-Multipoint 15System Current Status menu 49System Features 13system gaindefined 143system image filesdefined 143rebooting 60setting the default 60working with ??–61system informationcurrent system status 49system revision 46, 48system software ROM images 48system performancedocumentation recommendation 97monitoring recommendation 97System Revision Information Menu 46system security 59System Security menu 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 56, 58, 59System Software ROM Imagesviewing 48System Software ROM Images screen 48TTDD 17TDM 17TDMA 17telnetaccessing unit via 30defined 143Telnet User Logged In field 49
June 2003 Rev 0 152temperature troubleshooting 99template, network plan 117Terminal Preferences dialog box 30test setup 129Time Division Duplexing 17Time Division Multiple Access 17Time Division Multiplexing 17Time field 48timeout 59Total Frames Received field 84Total Frames Transmitted field 85Total Superframes Decoded field 85Total Superframes Encoded field 86Total Words Decoded (x1E6) 85trackingevents 63transmit power 70troubleshooting 100common problems 98main areas 98network integrity 98RF links 98Tx powersetting 35, 41, 74UUncorrectable Superframes field 85unit failure troubleshooting 101Unsuccessful Logins field 49Up Link 17Uplink 82, 83uptiltdefined 143Using the Command Line 86Vvar defined 121viewingcurrent system status 48system current status 49system revision information 46, 48system software ROM images 48voltage standing wave ratiodefined 143VSWRdefined 143VT100 30WWall Mounting Configuration 23weather monitoring recommendation 97wireless accesssetting 36, 41, 50W-OFDM 14Wrap lines that exceed terminal width field 29www. wi-lan.com 108
June 2003 Rev 0 153System Revision Information Main System Menu Radio ConfigurationHardware Revision System Revision Information OFDM Station type (always Remote Unit)CPLD Revision System Software ROM Images RF Station ID (1-2048)DSP Revision System Current Status Sector ID (1..32)RF Board Model System Security Synchronization ID RF Board Serial Number System Commands Cycle Period (ms)Image File Name, Rev, Date, & Size Network Configuration Rx Center Frequency (kHz)RS and FE Version Radio Configuration Tx Center Frequency (kHz)BootROM Version IP/MBR Filter Configuration Set Tx Power (dBm) [-14 ... 17]MAC Layer Statistics Modulation TypeSystem Software ROM Images RF Statistics Default and Current Running Images Data Usage IP / MBR Filter ConfigurationSetup IP/MBR Filtering OptionSystem Current Status Maximum Burst RateCumulative Run-Time Uplink (Kbits/s) [0...2500]Current Run-time Logout Downlink (Kbits/s) [0...2500]Power Cycles Filter IP address & mask tableSuccessful LoginsUnsuccessful Logins Data Usage MAC Layer StatisticsLocal User Logged In Ethernet User Data Received View-onlyTelnet User Logged In Ethernet User Data Transmitted FTP User Logged In Setup (Quick Setup Menu)RF Board Attached RF Statistics (for Wi-LAN use) RF Station ID (1-2048)DSP & FPGA debugging info Sector ID (1..32)System Security Synchronization ID System Ethernet Access Network Configuration Rx Center Frequency (kHz)System Wireless Access Internet IP Address Tx Center Frequency (kHz)SNMP Public Community Name Internet IP Mask Set Tx Power (dBm) [-14 ... 17]SNMP Private Community Name Ethernet MAC Address Modulation TypeChange User Password VLAN Tagging Enable/Disable RSSI (dBm)Confirm User Password VLAN Id Null Depth (dB)Change Supervisor Password User Priority Fade Margin (dB)Confirm Supervisor Password Local Network Mac Filter RF Link StatusChange PDA Password Internet IP AddressConfirm PDA Password System Commands Internet IP MaskAuto Logout Timeout (Minutes) Set Default System Image System Ethernet AccessReboot Current Image Local Network Mac FilterReboot a System Image SNMP Private Community NameRestore Factory Configuration Passwords (Super, User, PDA)Restore Poweron Configuration Link Test TypeReset MAC Layer Statistics Start Link Test Menu Map
Menu Map154 Libra 5800 Series User Guide
June 2003 Rev 0 155We are interested in your comments.Please contact us by email at docfeedback@wi-lan.com if you have any comments about this user guide.Product Code:5720-3005-00June 2003 Rev 0Libra 5800 SeriesUser Guide5720-3005-00June 2003 Rev 0
156 Libra 5800 Series User Guide

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