Zephyr Technology BH16 900MHz BIO HARNESS TRANSMITTER User Manual ZephyrBioHarnessTCF

Zephyr Technology Corporation 900MHz BIO HARNESS TRANSMITTER ZephyrBioHarnessTCF

USERS MANUAL

BioHarness™ User Guide 30
Page 2 of 43 © Zephyr Technology 2007 9700.0012.v1c Contacts Email: support@zephyr-technology.com Web: www.zephyr-technology.com Phone: +64 9 574 6523 Fax: +64 9 574 6527 Your BioHarness™ System comprises : • BioHarness™ Garment incorporating Zephyr Smart Fabric sensors • BioHarness™ Device • 1 docking/charging cradle • 1 USB lead • 1 USB radio receiver dongle • 1 Installation CD comprising o Application software o .NET installation software o USB driver folder o User Guide o Adobe PDF Reader Installer o Sample BioHarness™ projects Folder • 1 User Guide (black & white) • 1 Software & Hardware Installation Guide The information in this document is believed to be accurate in all respects at the time of publication but is subject to change without notice. Zephyr Technology assumes no responsibility for errors or omissions, and disclaims responsibility for any consequences resulting from the use of information included herein. Additionally, Zephyr Technology assumes no responsibility for the functioning of undescribed features or parameters. Zephyr Technology does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product, and specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation consequential or incidental damages. Zephyr Technology products are not designed, intended or authorised for use in applications intended to support or sustain life, or for any application in which the failure of the Zephyr Technology product could create a situation where personal injury or death may occur. Should Buyer purchase or use Zephyr Technology products for any such unintended or unauthorised application, Buyer shall indemnify and hold Zephyr Technology harmless against all claims and damages.
Page 3 of 43 9700.0012.v1c © Zephyr Technology 2007 Contents Section Page 1 System Overview………………………………………. 1.1 BioHarness System……………………………………. 1.2 BioHarness Application Software…………………….. 1.3 BioHarness Garment and Device…………………….. 1.4 Care and Maintenance………………………………… 2 Technical Specifications………………………………. 3 Get Started……………………………………………… 3.1 Precautions……………………………………………… 4 User Notes and Advice………………………………… 5 Charge the Batteries…………………………………… 6 Put on the Garment…………………………………….. 7 View Live Data………………………………………….. 8 Record & Save Files…………………………………… 9 View Saved Files……………………………………….. 10 Log on the Device……………………………………… 11 Import Logs from the BioHarness Device……………. 12 Read the Graphs……………………………………….. 13 Compare Files………………………………………….. 14 Understand Graph Options……………………………. 15 Export to an External csv File…………………………. 16 Understand External Data Files……………………… 17 Change Settings………………………………………... 18 Sample BioHarness Data Files……………………….. 19 Troubleshooting………………………………………… 20 Glossary…………………………………………………. 21 Index……………………………………………………... 22 Warranty…………………………………………………
Page 4 of 43 © Zephyr Technology 2007 9700.0012.v1c 1 System Overview 1.1 BioHarness™ System The Zephyr BioHarness is a state-of-the-art lightweight portable biological data collection and analysis system. It monitors, analyses and records a variety of physiological parameters. The system can operate in two modes: RF (Radio Frequency) Transmitting mode for live viewing of data Logging mode for remote monitoring of data Live data viewing features include • A variety of selectable waveforms and trend data including o 250 Hz indicative ECG o 18 Hz respiration and Heart Rate RR data o 1 Hz for all trend, activity and 3-axis acceleration-based parameters • Real time pulse and breath detection indicator icons • Activity level in VMU • Posture – attitude of device – in degrees from vertical • Recording of data Historical and Logged data can be displayed. Exact data values can be determined by cursor position, with zoom and pan facilities on graphs. All data can be exported to an external csv file with real-time timestamps for more detailed analysis.Download data usingUSB docking cradleWear & record Graphic display USB ISM receiver BioHarness garment and Device ISM radio link Graphic display Section1
Page 5 of 43 9700.0012.v1c © Zephyr Technology 2007 1.2 BioHarness Application Software Toolbar Options Open New Project Play current project Browse for existing Project Record current RF data Save current project Stop current recording Connect (RF mode) Tools Zoom In around graph Cursor Zoom out Explorer Panel Graph Selection Cursor Value Active Icon Section1
Page 6 of 43 © Zephyr Technology 2007 9700.0012.v1c Button (from off) LED Mode LED Mode Press & Hold Press again Press & Hold 3 sec RF Transmit Fast Logging Slow Off Off 1.3 BioHarness Garment and Device 1.4 Button/LED Modes 1.4 Care and Maintenance BioHarness Device: • O-ring sealed and water resistant. • Wipe with a soft damp cloth and towel-dry • Clean the Temperature window with a cotton bud • Do not leave in direct sunlight for long periods (such as in a vehicle) BioHarness Garment: • Rinse the garment in fresh water after use • Hand wash, or to machine wash the garment, detach the BioHarness Device and wash on a Cold, Delicate setting • Firmly attach the Velcro ® fastenings together and do not wash with other delicate garments which may be damaged by the fastenings. Use a washing pouch if possible. • Do not spin or tumble dry • Hang to dry, out of direct sunlight • Do not use bleach, or iron BioHarness Device Power/Mode button LED indicator Infrared temperature windowECG Sensors Respiration Sensor Section1
Page 7 of 43 9700.0012.v1c © Zephyr Technology 2007 2. Technical Specifications Minimum PC Requirements Operating System: Windows ® XP/SP2 with Microsoft ® .NET 1.1 Environment Processor & Speed: 32 bit x86 2 GHz Memory: 512 RAM Connectors: USB Smart Fabric Garment Material: Elasticised webbing incorporating Zephyr Smart Fabric sensors Width: 50mm Weight: 50 grams Length: S/M/L Adjustable, Velcro® fastening BioHarness Device (Transmitter/Recorder) Weight 35 grams Dimensions 80 x 40 x 15 mm Frequency ISM radio band (868 - 929MHz) Frequency is software configurable for Country-specific bands Sample Rate 250 Hz Max. Memory Capacity ~480 hours Transmit Range Up to 100m, environment and antenna dependent Battery Life ~ 10 hours logging ~ 5 hours transmit This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) this device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation. Part Numbers Description Zephyr Part No. BioHarness™ transmitter/recorder device 9800.0049 USB RF receiver dongle 9800.0018 Smart Fabric Garment - Small 9800.0056 - Medium 9800.0040 - Large 9800.0057 Docking Cradle 9800.0047 USB/mini connector lead 0015.0003 Software Installation CD 9700.0011 User Guide 9700.0012 Section2
Page 8 of 43 © Zephyr Technology 2007 9700.0012.v1c 1. Install the software and hardware See Installation Guide 2. Charge the Batteries See section 5 Full charge – 3hrs 90% charge – 1 hour (Devices cannot be overcharged) 3. Get Started Insert the Installation CD into your CD reader drive, and follow the instructions in the Software and Hardware Installation Guide to carry out the following: 3.1 Precautions • Do not use the unit if you are fitted with a heart pacemaker • Do not attempt to operate the receiver dongle in wet conditions as it is not water resistant (the transmitter unit is water resistant and can be used in logging mode) • Do not use in explosive atmospheres (such as gas stations) • Do not use near blasting areas such as quarries NOTE: THE MANUFACTURER IS NOT RESPONSIBLE FOR ANY RADIO OR TV INTERFERENCE CAUSED BY UNAUTHORIZED MODIFICATIONS TO THIS EQUIPMENT. SUCH MODIFICATIONS COULD VOID THE USER'S AUTHORITY TO OPERATE THE EQUIPMENT. Section3
Page 9 of 43 9700.0012.v1c © Zephyr Technology 2007 4. User Notes and Advice 4.1 ECG Performance Fig 4.1.1 A good low-noise ECG signal from a static subject with a dry garment Factors which can affect ECG performance are: • Skin moisture − or lack of it. While the BioHarness system will perform well with non-moistened sensor surfaces, ECG data will be more susceptible to movement artefact noise as seen in the diagram below. Pre-moisten the sensor surfaces for best performance – see section 6. Fig 4.1.2 The subject has started a 3km run with a dry garment. The clean heart rate signal prior to the run is immediately noisy due to movement artefacts generated by the running action, and EMG noise. As the subject’s skin moistens with perspiration, the noise clears. • EMG – Electromyographic noise. As muscles on the torso contract and relax, they generate EMG signals which can be comparable in magnitude with the ECG signals. Excessive use of these muscles, such as vigorous arm-flapping can affect ECG detection. Fig 4.1.3 EMG noise/movement artefacts generated by vigorous arm movement • A subject’s own ECG amplitude. There is a large variation in the actual ECG signal strength within the human population. Users who have exceptionally weak ECG signals may observe reduced ECG performance with the system. Section4ECG noise caused by movement artefacts Start of run
Page 10 of 43 © Zephyr Technology 2007 9700.0012.v1c 4.2 Respiration Performance A breath is one inhalation/exhalation cycle. Respiration rate is the number of these cycles occurring in one minute. The BioHarness detects and analyses expansion and contraction of the thorax (rib cage) in order to determine respiration rate. Zephyr’s proprietary breathing detection algorithms need to ‘learn’ an individual’s breathing action. Respiration rate takes 30 – 45 seconds to stabilise when the system is initially activated. Factors which can affect Respiration Rate performance are: • Physical activity – especially repetitive activity, which causes regular expansion and contraction of the rib cage, such as chopping with an axe or striking a punch bag repeatedly • A subject’s physique, and natural breathing rhythm. • Breathing action. Breathing is a combination of apical and diaphragmatic actions. Apical breathing is driven by expansion of the rib cage, the mechanism a BioHarness analyses. Inhalation is also driven by contraction of the diaphragm in a downward direction. This does not greatly contribute to expansion of the rib cage. If a wearer has a predominantly diaphragmatic breathing action, then the BioHarness will be less effective in detecting breath cycles. 4.3 Skin Temperature Performance The infrared sensor in the BioHarness device is fast-responding and accurate. The sensor window should be cleaned regularly with a cotton bud or similar. Skin temperature can vary locally by several degrees depending on the location of blood vessels and sweat glands. Fig. 4.3.1 A high definition Infrared camera image. Colour variation shows local variations in skin temperature in a subject who has been running on a treadmill. Factors which can affect skin temperature are: • Perspiration, which is the body’s response to an increase in core temperature. Evaporative cooling of perspiration is part of a body’s natural temperature regulation mechanism. • Moisture condensation on the sensor window • Environmental factors such as ambient temperature, humidity, wind and the sun’s radiated heat. • Any physical factor (such as clothing) which insulates the skin from the environment • Local blood circulation • Local perspiration • Response to drugs, or medical conditions • Physiological conditions (including shock and hypo- or hyperthermia) These should all be taken into account when analysing temperature data. Section4
Page 11 of 43 9700.0012.v1c © Zephyr Technology 2007 +90° Sagital Axis +90° Lateral Axis +90° -90° 0° 0° Vertical Axis +45°+45°-45° -45° Posture orientation With fixed base point, tilt the apex of the device to any arrow head for the indicated posture value 4.4 Activity and Posture Performance 4.4.1 Activity The default activity data on the graph is shown in VMU. This is an average gravity-compensated value calculated over the previous 1.008 second epoch. It is an integration of all three axial values. Activity data is also available as individual XYZ components in units of g (gravity) The minimum and maximum values of each 1.008 second epoch are available, as well as maximum acceleration magnitude and activity levels. The cursor value below should be read as 0.18 VMU. The trace shows 3 min of inactivity, 3 min @ 5kph and 3 min @ 10 kph treadmill running. 4.4.2 Posture Posture data is affected by movement. High levels of activity will prevent the posture from being acquired reliably – and the posture will also be highly variable. Posture data is most accurate when the subject is static. The actual posture value for a subject who wearing the device in a sitting or standing position will depend on the shape of their torso immediately underneath the garment – a stomach which protrudes is likely to result in a negative value for posture. As the subject leans forward the posture value will increase. Section4
Page 12 of 43 © Zephyr Technology 2007 9700.0012.v1c LED constant 5. Charge the Batteries & Set the Clock When first delivered, the BioHarness is totally powered off. It will have some battery charge, but the time on the internal clock will be set to a default value of Jan 1 2000. The internal clock is used to assign timestamps to data logged on the device. In live RF mode, data is time stamped by the host PC at time of reception. 5.1 To charge the battery and reset the internal clock: 1. Install the Application Software, Driver files and hardware as described in the Software and Hardware Installation Guide. 2. Connect the BioHarness device in its cradle to the PC When the LED is illuminated, the battery is charging. 3. Start the BioHarness software using the desktop shortcut An ‘Initialising’ dialogue will display – when it is completed then the Clock is set to current PC time. BioHarness status when placed in a cradle • No application open – batteries charge, clock not initialised • Application open – batteries charge, clock initialised • Application Open, View Live Data via a 2nd device – batteries charge, clock not initialised until 2nd transmitting device disconnected Section5
Page 13 of 43 9700.0012.v1c © Zephyr Technology 2007 5.2 Charge Time Full charge (100%): 3 hours from fully discharged Quick Charge (90%): 1 hour from fully discharged Charging is intelligent – the device cannot be overcharged 5.3 Charge Duration Time to full discharge of a fully charged Li-ion cell Mode Quick Charge Full Charge Power Off ~28 days ~ 30 days RF transmitting mode 4 hours 5 hours Logging Mode 7 hours 8 hours In power off mode, the cell is discharged by the internal clock. 5.4 Charge Level There is a charge level indicator on the Application software which is active when the BioHarness Device is transmitting live data. The colour of the indicator bar reflects the battery level: Battery Level Blue 20 -100% capacity Red < 20% capacity 5.5 Battery Life Expected life ~500 cycles As with all rechargeable cells, such as mobile phone batteries, charge duration will shorten as the battery reaches the end of its life expectancy. The battery is not user replaceable. Contact your supplier for battery replacement information.Section5
Page 14 of 43 © Zephyr Technology 2007 9700.0012.v1c 6. Put on the Garment • Wet your fingers and lightly moisten the silver ECG sensor pads for better performance The ECG will work when dry, but be more susceptible to signal noise when the wearer is very active • Put the garment on backwards first, for easier adjustment of tension and alignment of the Velcro ® fastening • Adjust the tension so that the garment is snug but comfortable and will not move under expected activity • Position the garment so that is just below the chest muscles • Rotate the garment to that the fasteners are centred on the torso, with middle snap above the sternum • Attach the BioHarness device, set to transmit or recording mode as necessary (see sections 7 & 11) Section6
Page 15 of 43 9700.0012.v1c © Zephyr Technology 2007 1. Connect the USB receiver dongle 3. Start the Application Software 4. Click the Connect button on the Application Software toolbar The graphs will populate with live data in a few seconds 2. Switch the device on Press and hold the button until the LED flashes in Fast mode (Section 1.4) 5. Check Signal Quality Colour Signal Quality Green 100% Yellow 50 – 99% Red < 50% Note that a yellow signal strength indication may only mean a 1% loss of quality – this is acceptable signal quality 6. Factors which may affect signal quality• Transmitter/receiver distance • Orientation of subject • Mobile phones • Electrical equipment nearby • Metallic obstructions • Vehicle electrics • Overhead lines 7. View Live Data A BioHarness device with a fully-charged Li-ion cell should be able to transmit live data for approximately 5 hrs Section7
Page 16 of 43 © Zephyr Technology 2007 9700.0012.v1c 8. Record and Save Files Viewing real-time data Recording real-time data Saving a Project Review of Saved files Browse for Project if needed, or drag & drop into Project Explorer Select recordingEntire file displayed Save Project …or Save As (rename in dialogue) New Project created Record Stop New file created automatically Connect Connect Open New Project (optional) Disconnect when finishedView Data Section8
Page 17 of 43 9700.0012.v1c © Zephyr Technology 2007 9. View Saved Files To view a saved file: • Use the Browse button • …or use the menu option File>Open. The application will open the directory in which a Project was last saved • Select a Project from the dialogue and click open • The file will load into the application • …or drag and drop a Bio Harness File into the Project Explorer pane: . • Click on an individual session in the Project Explorer to load it Note: a 5 hour BioHarness session recorded while in RF mode: • is ~15MB in size • will take ~ 30 seconds for the session to load into the application. Section9
Page 18 of 43 © Zephyr Technology 2007 9700.0012.v1c 10. Read the Graphs 1. Left-click and drag cursor to point of interest 2. Values are shown for cursor position 3. Use Mouse wheel to zoom in on detail (centred around cursor) or Zoom buttons Section of file on display shown 4. Left click and drag graph body to pan horizontally Section10
Page 19 of 43 9700.0012.v1c © Zephyr Technology 2007 Switch on the device See section 1.4 for button modes: • Press once for RF Transmit/ Fast LED mode • Press again for Logging/Slow LED mode • Press & Hold 3 sec for Off 11. Log on the Device Data which is logged on the device is time stamped using the device’s own internal clock. This clock should be reset to current time (initialised) • After initial delivery • Each time the battery has become completely discharged If the clock is not initialised, then subsequent data will be time stamped starting at 12:00:00 on 1/1/2000. It is strongly advised that the clock is initialised before the device is used in Logging mode. Section 5 explains how to initialise the clock. 1. To make a single Log: 2. Repeat the above instructions to make a subsequent log. Section11
Page 20 of 43 © Zephyr Technology 2007 9700.0012.v1c 1. Connect the Device 2. Start the Application The Device will initialise 3. Select File>Import 4. Import Dialogue 5. Select log or logs using arrows Double-clicking a recording also works 6. Click Import 30 min of data will take ~1 min to Import 12. Import Logs from the BioHarness Device The BioHarness contains enough internal memory to hold the equivalent of 480 hours worth of data. Logs are copied, not moved, from device memory, so they can be imported multiple times. (Use the Erase All button in the import dialogue to permanently delete all recordings) When the memory is full, the oldest files will be overwritten. To import data: Data can be imported into a new Project, or any Project already opened in the application. Section12
Page 21 of 43 9700.0012.v1c © Zephyr Technology 2007 1. Load the Project or Projects containing sessions for comparison 2. Right Click 1st Session Select First Session to Compare 3. Right Click 2nd Session Select Compare to Session 1 4. Both sessions are loaded • 1st Session data in black • 2nd Session data in Red • Only one parameter per graph (Select using list) • Cursor value of each is displayed 5. Select data set to align Place cursor over data set (red or black) on the BOTTOM graph and Left Click. This data set becomes dotted. 6. Realign data set Pan the dotted data set to realign 13. Compare Two Sessions Section13
Page 22 of 43 © Zephyr Technology 2007 9700.0012.v1c 7. Fix new alignment Right Click and select Align to set new alignment 8. Compare Data Use Cursor, Zoom and Pan on both data sets as necessary 9. Undo Align Right click and select Undo Align to return to original state 10. Select another data set Select another data set – the last session selected is always available for comparison Section13
Page 23 of 43 9700.0012.v1c © Zephyr Technology 2007 14. Understand Data Options 14.1 ACC – Activity Data Frequency 1 Hz (1.008 seconds) Units Vector Magnitude Units (VMU) measured in ms-2 Minimum Value 0 Maximum Value 5.7 Description Scalar index of activity. (ACC X 10 and ACC X 100 are available as options to scale the graph display to suit activity level). Sample Activity level during walk/3km run/walk/static. The Y axis has autoscaled to fit the data range. CSV Export Yes (x10 and x100 Activity levels are not available for export) 14.2 ACC – Peak Acceleration Data Frequency 1 Hz (1.008 seconds) Units g (gravitational force) Minimum Value 0 Maximum Value 5.7 Description Maximum magnitude in any direction (X, Y or Z) during 1 second epoch. The maximum in any one axial direction is 3.3g, but an acceleration at 45° to all 3 axes simultaneously can have a net maximum of 5.7g Sample BUG – peak acceleration values in 100s??? CSV Export Yes Section14Section14
Page 24 of 43 © Zephyr Technology 2007 9700.0012.v1c +Y +X+Z 14.3 ACC – X/Y/Z Acceleration Minimum Data Frequency 1 Hz (1.008 seconds) Units g Minimum Value − 3.3 in each axis Maximum Value + 3.3 in each axis Description The minimum is the smallest acceleration value recorded during the previous 1 second epoch. This could be a negative value if there is an acceleration is a negative direction, or positive if all accelerations during that period are positive. Sample Vertical (X) Acceleration Minimum during a walk/3km run/walk session. Note that accelerations are negative CSV Export Yes Orientation of XYZ axes for acceleration data:
Page 25 of 43 9700.0012.v1c © Zephyr Technology 2007 14.4 ACC – X/Y/Z Acceleration Peak Data Frequency 1 Hz (1.008 Seconds) Units g Minimum Value − 3.3 in each axis Maximum Value + 3.3 in each axis Description The peak is the largest acceleration value recorded during the previous 1 second epoch. This could be a negative value if all accelerations are a negative direction, or the largest positive value Sample Vertical acceleration during walk/3km run/walk. Note that peak acceleration during some epochs is a negative (towards the ground) value. CSV Export Yes 14.5 BAT – Battery Voltage Data Frequency 1 Hz (1.008 Seconds) Units Volts Minimum Value ~ 3.6 Maximum Value ~ 4.2 Description Voltage level of the battery. The specified charging tolerances are slightly above and below the stated limits. The cell cannot be overcharged. Sample Battery voltage level during a 45 min log recording. The Y axis has autoscaled to fit the discharge curve. Comparison of discharge curves over a time period could be used to determine the health of the battery. CSV Export Yes Section14
Page 26 of 43 © Zephyr Technology 2007 9700.0012.v1c 14.6 ECG – Amplitude Data Frequency 1 Hz (1.008 Seconds) Units Volts (indicative) Minimum Value 0 Maximum Value ~ 0.0001 V Description This value is indicative – it is extracted during algorithmic processing of the ECG sensor output data. It is not a measurement of a subject’s ECG voltage level, and should be used for debugging purposes only. Sample BUG – Y-axis doesn’t include enough DPs to make sense of data CSV Export Yes 14.7 ECG – Noise Data Frequency 1 Hz (1.008 Seconds) Units Volts (indicative) Minimum Value 0 Maximum Value ~ 0.0001 V Description As for ECG amplitude – extracted during algorithmic processing of ECG sensor data. Sample BUG – Y-axis doesn’t include enough DPs to make sense of data CSV Export Yes Section14
Page 27 of 43 9700.0012.v1c © Zephyr Technology 2007 14.8 ECG – Processed Autoranged Data Frequency 250 Hz Units n/a Minimum Value To fit graph scale Maximum Value To fit graph scale Description The ECG waveform is autoscaled to fit the fixed Y axis of the graph in which it is displayed. The processed waveform should show reduced noise levels compared to the raw data. Sample BUG – all ECG waveforms not working – autoranging/refresh rate issue? CSV Export No 14.9 ECG – Raw Data Data Frequency 250 Hz Units Bits Minimum Value 0 Maximum Value + 4096 Description Indicative ECG only. Amplification, filtering and processing is applied to the output from the ECG sensor. This parameter is only available from data transmitted by RF. A strong ECG signal will maximise the sensor output. Sample Will there be a difference between Raw & Autoranged in new graphs??? BUG – all ECG waveforms not working – autoranging/refresh rate issue? CSV Export Yes, but only from original data transmitted by RF Section14
Page 28 of 43 © Zephyr Technology 2007 9700.0012.v1c 14.10 ECG – Raw Autoranged Data Frequency 250 Hz Units n/a Minimum Value To fit graph scale Maximum Value To fit graph scale Description Sample BUG – all ECG waveforms not working – autoranging/refresh rate issue? CSV Export No 14.11HRT – Calculated Heart Rate Data Frequency 250 Hz Units BPM ( beats per minute) Minimum Value 0 Maximum Value 240 Description This value is calculated from the RF-transmitted ECG data and used to drive the flashing Heart icon on the application interface Sample CSV Export No Section14Section14
Page 29 of 43 9700.0012.v1c © Zephyr Technology 2007 14.12 HRT – Heart Rate Data Frequency 1 Hz (1.008 Seconds) Units BPM (Beats per minute) Minimum Value 0 Maximum Value 240 Description ECG data is filtered and processed to produce this value Sample Heart Rate before, during and after a 3km run (logged data). The Y axis has auto-scaled to fit the data range of the entire session. CSV Export Yes 14.13 HRT – RR Data Frequency 18 Hz (0.056 seconds) Units Milliseconds (ms) Minimum Value 250 ms (=240 BPM) reducing HR in BPM increases RR interval Maximum Value 1000 ms (=60 BPM) Description Time interval between successive heart contractions. Calculated from ECG data. Divide 60000 by the RR ms value to obtain instantaneous HR in beats per minute. Sample BUG – RR data still has alternating sings so graph is a sawtooth CSV Export Yes. Data is reported at 18 Hz, sign of values alternates positive and negative. A change of sign indicates that a new pulse has been detected.
Page 30 of 43 © Zephyr Technology 2007 9700.0012.v1c 14.14 POS – Posture Data Frequency 1 Hz (1.008 Seconds) Units Degrees from vertical Minimum Value − 90 Maximum Value + 90 Description Degrees off vertical in any orientation. A positive value indicates an anterior (subject lean forward) component, negative a posterior component. See Section 4.4.2 A subject’s natural posture may mean an ‘upright’ position does not generate a value of 0° Sample A section of posture of a subject walking and then reclining in a chair (trough near end of recprding). CSV Export 14.15 RES – Breathing Wave Amplitude Data Frequency 1 Hz (1.008 Seconds) Units Volts (indicated) Minimum Value 0 Maximum Value TBD Description Average indicated breathing sensor output over previous second Sample Breathing amplitude over a 3km run. This is an indicative measure of breathing depth. CSV Export Yes Section14
Page 31 of 43 9700.0012.v1c © Zephyr Technology 2007 14.16 RES – Calculated Respiration Rate Data Frequency 18 Hz (0.056 seconds) Units BPM (breaths per minute) Minimum Value 0 Maximum Value 70 Description Parameter calculated from raw RF-transmitted breathing data to drive the Breath detection icon on the application interface Sample Section of data from a subject commencing a run. Note that isolated troughs and peaks in the data are likely to be artefacts. CSV Export No 14.17 RES – Processed Breathing Wave Autoranged Data Frequency 1 Hz (1.008 Seconds) Units n/a Minimum Value To fit graph scale Maximum Value To fit graph scale Description An indicative value only, due to autoranging process. Filtered and processed data – smooth waveform. Sample Section of processed waveform. This should give an indication of the regularity of breathing action. The auto-range feature prevents any other inference being made from this data. CSV Export No Section14
Page 32 of 43 © Zephyr Technology 2007 9700.0012.v1c 14.18 RES – Raw Breathing Wave Data Frequency 18 Hz (0.056 seconds) Units Bits Minimum Value 0 Maximum Value 4095 Description Raw bit output of breathing sensor. Unfiltered, unprocessed. Sample Raw breathing sensor output in bits. The variation in bits during breathing action compared to the absolute value is small. CSV Export Yes 14.19 Raw Breathing Wave Autoranged Data Frequency 1 Hz (1.008 Seconds) Units n/a Minimum Value To fit graph scale Maximum Value To fit graph scale Description Unfiltered or processed data. A highly variable waveform Sample Compare raw autoranged data with processed autoranged data (14.17), which is a much smoother curve. CSV Export No Section14
Page 33 of 43 9700.0012.v1c © Zephyr Technology 2007 14.20 RES – Respiration Rate Data Frequency 1 Hz (1.008 Seconds) Units BPM ( breaths per minute) Minimum Value 0 Maximum Value 70 Description Respiration rate. It will take 30 – 45 seconds from start of data processing to stabilise Sample Respiration rate showing step increases in rate as a subject starts a 3km run. CSV Export Yes 14.21 Respiration Rate Detector x 50 Data Frequency 1 Hz (1.008 Seconds) Units n/a Minimum Value 0 Maximum Value 1 Description A transition from 0 to 1 indicates a breath detection Sample This graph to be removed/reserved for developer version? CSV Export No Section14
Page 34 of 43 © Zephyr Technology 2007 9700.0012.v1c 14.22 TEM – Skin Temperature Data Frequency 1 Hz (1.008 Seconds) Units °C Minimum Value 10 Maximum Value 60 Description Skin temperature as measured by IR (infrared) sensor in apex of device. See section 1.3 Sample The degree of skin cooling of a subject during a 3km run – due to evaporative cooling of perspiration – is clearly evident. CSV Export Yes Section14
Page 35 of 43 9700.0012.v1c © Zephyr Technology 2007 15. Export data to an external .csv file Any activity session which has been saved into the BioHarness application can be exported as a csv (comma separated values) file. Note: Data which has been logged on the device does not include ECG Raw Data. This is only available from data which was transmitted over RF and recorded by the application. Including ECG Raw data in the Device log files would severely reduce total memory capacity Right-click a record in the explorer panel and select data to export – csv column specifications are on the next page. Notes 1. RF recorded data is time-stamped at time of reception on the host computer. 2. Logged data is time stamped with the time of the internal clock in the Device. This may be on a time after Jan 1 2000 12:00:00 if the batteries in the device have been recharged without setting the clock. 3. It may not be possible to see all data by opening the csv file as a standard Excel ® Spreadsheet, which has a limit of 65535 lines (2,000,000 in Excel ® 2007). This equates to around 61 minutes of logged data, or 4 minutes of RF raw ECG data. Open as a text file, or with an application designed to process large amounts of data. 4. 8 hours of data logged on the device itself will produce ~ 50MB of Breathing and R to R data, and ~12MB of Other data, in .csv format. 5. Posture - a positive value indicates the subject is inclined forward from vertical. A subject’s natural posture, together with the contour of their torso, may indicate either a positive or negative value when they are in a standing or sitting position. Inclination to the subject’s left or right does not affect the sign of the posture value. 6. Respiration Rate – in Other Data Export, data will not be populated in the Respiration Rate columns when exporting from some earlier version of BioHarness Projects. This data was used for development purposes. Users should use the Calculated Respiration Rate available by exporting Breathing Rate and R to R data. 7. R-to-R data. These values alternate in sign. Take an absolute value to graph variations in magnitude. Section15
Page 36 of 43 © Zephyr Technology 2007 9700.0012.v1c +Y +X+Z 16. Understand External Data Files Export Breathing and R to R Data Data Frequency: 0.056 seconds (18 Hz) Log RF Typical Range Units (All timestamps) yyyy/mm/dd hh:mm:ss.000 HRT - R to R Y Y 300 – 1500 Milliseconds (alternating ±) RES - Calculated Respiration Rate Y Y 5-50 Breaths per Minute (BPM) RES - Raw Breathing Wave Y Y ± 100 variation Bits Export Raw ECG Data Data Frequency: 0.004 seconds (250 Hz) Log RF Typical Range Units ECG - Raw Data N Y 1500-2400 Bits Export R-to-R Data Data Frequency: per pulse detection Log RF Typical Range Units HRT – R to R Data Y Y 300 – 1500 Milliseconds (alternating ±) Export Other Data Data Frequency: 1.008 seconds Log RF Typical Range Units HRT - Heart Rate Y Y 50 – 150 Beats per Minute ECG - Amplitude Y Y 0.0004 – 0.0005 Volts ECG - Noise Y Y 0.00005 – 0.0001 Volts RES -Breathing Wave Amplitude Y Y 1 – 4 Volts RES - Respiration Rate Y Y 5 – 50 Breaths per Minute TEM - Skin Temperature Y Y 30 – 37 °C BAT - Battery Voltage Y Y 4.0 – 4.2 Volts POS - Posture Y Y −90 – +90 Degrees from vertical ACC - Activity Y Y 0 – 5.7 g ACC - Peak Acceleration Y Y −3.3 – +3.3 g ACC - X Acceleration Minimum Y Y −3.3 – +3.3 g ACC - X Acceleration Peak Y Y −3.3 – +3.3 g ACC - Y Acceleration Minimum Y Y −3.3 – +3.3 g ACC - Y Acceleration Peak Y Y −3.3 – +3.3 g ACC - Z Acceleration Minimum Y Y −3.3 – +3.3 g ACC - Z Acceleration Peak Y Y −3.3 – +3.3 g Orientation of XYZ axes for acceleration data: Section16
Page 37 of 43 9700.0012.v1c © Zephyr Technology 2007 17. Change Settings 17.1 COM Port Selection The COM port will auto-select and display the serial number of the Zephyr RF dongle connected when used in Transmit mode. A ‘Too Many Dongles’ message appears in the Status field on the application if more than one dongle is connected. 17.2 Display Settings The default display settings (shown below) can be changed by selecting from the appropriate pull down lists. Return to Default settings using the button provided. The application remembers the last display settings selected. 17.3 Adjust Timescale Range • Select Tools>Options • Adjust Seconds to Plot if default 10 seconds displays too much or too little data • Lower values cause graph to scroll faster, high values use more computer resource • Available Range 2 − 100 seconds 17.4 Adjust Frame Refresh Rate for Graphs (Refreshes per Second) • Range is 1 – 100. Default is 2. Increasing the rate improves graph refresh performance but will require more PC resource – a faster processor and more RAM. Adjust if necessary for the best performance for your particular PC. Section17
Page 38 of 43 © Zephyr Technology 2007 9700.0012.v1c 18. Sample BioHarness Projects (These Projects are available on the installation CD – copy them to your PC before opening) 18.1 Use Case Example #1: Treadmill 7kph Jog / 4 kph walk Time: 10 min This project has been made in RF recording mode. Raw ECG data is available for export to a csv file. The ECG Raw data and Processed Breathing Waveform have been removed using Graph Settings so as not to obscure the trend data. 1. Heart Rate – shows rise from rest value of ~ 80 bpm to peak of 123 bpm at end of jogging section 2. Respiration Rate – the subject’s breathing rate of 28 bpm while jogging eased to 18 bpm when walking, to the immediate right of the cursor position. 3. Skin temperature – the readings are relatively stable during this 5 minute activity. 4. Posture – the actual posture reading depends on the exact attitude of the device. It may not be 0° when the subject is standing or sitting upright. High levels of activity may result in offsets in the posture reading. A negative Posture value indicates the device is inclined rearwards 5. Activity – activity levels are measured in Vector Magnitude Units, which are determined using the acceleration values sampled in all three axes over the 1 second epoch. The change from stationary to jogging to walking is clearly evident. Use the Activity x 10 or Activity x 100 graph options to display activity data against the Y axis scale. The actual unscaled value is shown at the end of the graph. Section18
Page 39 of 43 9700.0012.v1c © Zephyr Technology 2007 18.2 Use Case Example #2: Badminton Time: 3.9 hrs This project has been made in logging mode. Raw ECG data is not available for export to a csv file. 1. Heart Rate – there is an initially noisy section. At this point the subject was helping to set up the nets and other equipment. 2. Respiration Rate – breathing rate is inherently more variable during racket games. Reductions in breathing rate between games are evident. 3. Skin temperature – the subject’s temperature climbs from 32° to 36° during the activity. The dip in skin temperature occurred when the subject left the court and stopped to talk outside. 4. Posture – the actual posture reading depends on the exact attitude of the device. It may not be 0° when the subject is standing or sitting upright. High levels of activity – as seen here - may result in offsets in the posture reading. A negative Posture value indicates the device is inclined rearwards 5. Activity – activity levels are measured in Vector Magnitude Units, which are determined using the acceleration values sampled in all three axes over the 1 second epoch. 6. Use the Activity x 10 or Activity x 100 graph options to display activity data against the Y axis scale. The actual unscaled value is shown at the end of the graph. Closer study can identify the periods when the subject drove to and from the site Section18
Page 40 of 43 © Zephyr Technology 2007 9700.0012.v1c 19. Troubleshooting Issue Cause Action/Solution Functionality Poor conductive path between skin and sensor pads Moisten pads, adjust position of garment, adjust garment tension Movement artefacts Adjust the garment tension Weak ECG signal Compare ECG amplitude when subject stationary, with other subjects. Subjects with exceptionally weak ECG signals may not be good candidates for the system Poor HR performance EMG noise caused by vigorous arm/torso movements Reduce movements - EMG can't be eliminated Regular or rhythmic activity which causes expansion of rib cage Cease or be aware of activity. This doesn't appear to be a factor during normal running activity, but thoracic twisting, Arm lifts and chopping action all compromise breath detection Poor Breathing performance Sudden changes in breathing patterns Rapid changes in skin temperature Perspiration droplets on skin within field of IR sensor window; same on sensor window itself Avoid excessive perspiration accumulation in sensor field (if this is practical) Inaccurate skin temperature Dirty sensor window Check and clean sensor window Straight lines in ECG trace Dropped RF data packets Check RF signal quality indicator, see list of factors affecting RF performance in Section 7. Move closer to receiver antenna. Raise the receiver antenna. Electronic Faulty lead Check with replacement USB Hub Com Port issues Connect direct to PC, not through hub USB Device not recognised Driver issue Uninstall and reinstall driver - see Section 4.2 Install Guide GUI Low specification PC Change to higher spec PC if possible Change graph refresh rate - see Section 17.4 Poor graph response Too many applications running concurrently Close other applications Timeout Error on Import from device Retry Data Single data line anomaly in Imported log File corruption during Import Re-import Section19
Page 41 of 43 9700.0012.v1c © Zephyr Technology 2007 20. Glossary + Section21Application Software: Program designed for a specific use, often with a graphical user interface (GUI) BioHarness Device: Transmitter/recorder device which attaches by snaps to BioHarness garment BPM: Beats per minute (ECG), Breaths per minute (Respiration) CSV: Comma Separated Values - a common data file format where the data values are separated by commas. Can be opened as a text file or a spreadsheet. Data Packet: A discrete collection of data sent by radio transmission Dongle: Communications device designed to be plugged into a computer Drivers: Software program files which facilitate communication between a computer's operating system, a hardware device, and application interface ECG: Electrocardiogram (also EKG) - a test which records the electrical activity of the heart EMG Noise: An electromyelogram is a measurement of electrical signals generated during the course of muscular contractions. EMG noise is generated by skeletal muscle tissue (other than the heart) during activity GUI: Graphical User Interface - interactive graphical computer interface Initialise: In BioHarness context, a process whereby the internal clock of a BioHarness device is set to a host PC's clock time when the BioHarness is connected to the computer in its USB cradle IR: Infrared - measurement of temperature using an infrared-sensitive sensor. ISM: Industrial, Scientific & Medical - a radio frequency band allocated internationally for short-range radio applications LED: Light Emitting Diode - low current illumination source Li-ion: Lithium Ion - a type of rechargeable power source Logging Mode: A BioHarness Device state where the device records data to its internal memory, and timestamps data according to its internal clock R to R / RR: The time interval between the R peaks in the QRS pattern on an ECG trace which represents contraction of the heart ventricles RF: Radio Frequency Timestamp: Data field time component describing time of recording USB: Universal Serial Bus - common computer communications protocol VMU: Vector Magnitude Units - a measurement of activity which is an integration of XYZ acceleration magnitudes over a time interval Section20
Page 42 of 43 © Zephyr Technology 2007 9700.0012.v1c 21. Index
Page 43 of 43 9700.0012.v1c © Zephyr Technology 2007 Warranty Limited Warranty for the Zephyr BioHarness™ physiological monitoring system Zephyr Technology Ltd warrants to the original end purchaser that the BioHarness™ hardware shall be free from material defects in material and workmanship for a period of one (1) year from the original date of purchase (the "Hardware Warranty Period"), the BioHarness Chest Strap shall be free from material defects in material and workmanship for a period of three (3) months or 50 hand washes, whichever comes first, from the date of purchase (the “Chest Strap Warranty Period”) and the software shall be free from material defects or errors for a period of one (1) year from the original date of purchase (the “Software warranty period”). If the product is determined to be materially defective during the Warranty Period, your sole remedy and Zephyr’s sole and exclusive liability shall be limited to the repair or replacement of this product with a new or refurbished product at Zephyr’s or its licensed distributor’s option. For purpose of this Limited Hardware Warranty and Liability, "refurbished" means a product that has been returned to its original specifications. Visit www.zephyr-technology.com for instructions on how to deliver the product to an authorized service facility. This warranty shall not apply if this product (a) is used with products that are not compatible with this product (b) is modified, or tampered with (c) is damaged by acts of God, misuse, abuse, negligence, accident, wear and tear, unreasonable use, or by other causes unrelated to defective materials or workmanship (d) has had the serial number altered, defaced or removed; or (e) has, in the reasonable opinion of zephyr or it’s licensed distributors, been opened, altered, or defaced. This warranty shall also be voidable by zephyr or its licensed distributors If (1) Zephyr reasonably believes that the BioHarness™ system has been used in a manner that would violate the terms and conditions of a separate end user license agreement for system software; or (2) the product is used with products not sold or licensed by Zephyr. You assume all risks and liabilities associated with use of third party products. This warranty is provided to you in lieu of all other express or implied warranties including warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose for the BioHarness™ system, which are disclaimed hereunder. However, if such warranties are required as a matter of law, then they are limited in duration to the warranty period. Our sole and exclusive recourse in the event of any dissatisfaction with or damage arising from the use of the BioHarness™ system and Zephyr's maximum liability shall be limited to repair or replacement of the BioHarness™ system. Except as expressly stated above, Zephyr excludes all liability for any loss of data, loss of profit, or any other loss or damage suffered by you or any third party, whether such damages are direct, indirect, consequential, special, or incidental and however arising under any theory of law, as a result of using your BioHarness™ system. Some countries, states or provinces do not allow limitation on how long an implied warranty lasts and some countries, states and provinces do not allow the exclusion or limitations of consequential or incidental damages, so the limitations or exclusions may not apply to you. This warranty gives you specific legal rights, and you may also have other rights which vary from country to country, state to state or province to province. This warranty is in all countries where Zephyr has an office or a licensed distributor. The warranty offered by Zephyr Technology Limited on your BioHarness™ hardware is the same whether or not you register your product. Failure to register within one (1) week of receipt voids the warranty for the BioHarness Chest Strap. Section22

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