Zoom Telephonics WL1046 ADSL WIRELESS X6 ROUTER/MODEM User Manual

Zoom Telephonics Inc ADSL WIRELESS X6 ROUTER/MODEM

USERS MANUAL

Draft Version X6 Wireless-G DSL Modem Router X6 Model 5590 User’s Manual Zoom Telephonics Issue 1 02012005
Compliance Statements and Notices to User Federal Communications Commission Compliance Notices This device complies with 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions:(1) this device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation. To ensure continued compliance, use only shielded interface cables when connecting to the computer or peripheral devices. Federal Communication Commission (FCC) Statement: NOTE: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures: Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna. Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver. Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected. Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/ TV technician for help. Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment. The antenna(s) used for this transmitter must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter. The manufacture is not responsible for any radio or TV interference caused by unauthorized modifications to this equipment. Such modifications could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment. This equipment complies with FCC radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled environment. In order to avoid the possibility of exceeding the FCC radio frequency exposure limits, human proximity to the antenna shall not be less than 20cm (8 inches) during normal operation.
DSL Modem User’s Guide 3 Table of Contents 1 Introduction........................................................10 Features ..............................................................................10 Device Requirements .........................................................10 Using this Document...........................................................12 Notational conventions ................................................12 Typographical conventions..........................................12 Special messages........................................................12 Getting Support...................................................................12 2 Getting to know the device................................13 Parts Check.........................................................................13 Front Panel..........................................................................14 Rear Panel ..........................................................................15 3 Connecting your device.....................................16 Connecting the Hardware...................................................16 Step 1. Connect the DSL cable and optional telephone..................................................................17 Step 2. Connect the Ethernet cable ............................18 Step 3. Attach the power connector............................18 Step 4. Configure your Ethernet PCs..........................18 Step 5. Install USB software and connect the USB cable.................................................................18 Step 6. Install Wireless card and connect Wireless PCs............................................................18 Next step ......................................................................18 4 Getting Started with the Web pages .................19 Accessing the Web pages..................................................19 Web page menu overview..................................................20 Commonly used buttons.....................................................21 Help information..................................................................22 Testing your Setup..............................................................22 Default device settings........................................................23 5 Current Status ...................................................25 Internet access settings......................................................25 About Productname...........................................................26 6 Firmware Update...............................................27
DSL Modem User’s Guide 4 About firmware versions.....................................................27 Checking for firmware updates...........................................27 Updating your firmware.......................................................29 Manually updating firmware ...............................................30 7 Health Check.....................................................32 Running the Health Check .................................................32 DSL Status page.................................................................34 8 Help...................................................................40 Using the Help page ...........................................................40 About the Online User Guide .............................................41 9 Addressing ........................................................42 Changing the LAN IP address and subnet mask ..............42 10 Wireless Network ..............................................44 Wireless Network First Time Settings Wizard....................45 Setting the Country ......................................................45 Select your Wireless Network Type............................45 Set the Wireless Network Name .................................46 Select a Channel..........................................................47 Configure Wireless Network Security..........................48 Configuring 64bit or 128bit encryption ........................49 Configuring WPA security............................................50 Configure Wireless Address Authentication ...............50 Configuring the wireless PC blacklist..........................51 Configuring the wireless PC whitelist..........................53 Confirm Wireless network changes ............................54 Wireless Network General Settings ...................................55 Enabling/disabling wireless networking.......................56 Displaying details of Wireless PCs..............................56 11 Advanced Security ............................................58 Configuring NAT Security...................................................58 Assigning PC Names..........................................................59 Deleting PC Names .....................................................61 Configuring Internet applications........................................61 Enabling Internet applications .....................................61 Disabling Internet applications.....................................62 Configuring custom applications ........................................63
DSL Modem User’s Guide 5 Creating custom applications ......................................63 Deleting custom applications.......................................65 12 Internet Access..................................................66 Types of Internet Access....................................................66 Configuring Automatic Internet Access..............................67 Configuring your PPP DSL connection..............................68 Enabling MAC spoofing...............................................71 Editing your existing MAC spoofing settings...............72 Configuring your DHCP DSL connection...........................73 Configuring your Internet Access manually .......................74 13 Password...........................................................77 Setting your username and password ...............................77 Disabling password protection ....................................79 14 Reset to Defaults...............................................80 Resetting to Defaults...........................................................80 A Configuring your Computers.............................82 Configuring Ethernet PCs...................................................82 Before you begin..........................................................82 Windows® XP PCs......................................................82 Windows 2000 PCs .....................................................84 Windows Me PCs ........................................................85 Windows 95, 98 PCs ...................................................86 Windows NT 4.0 workstations.....................................86 Assigning static Internet information to your PCs ...........................................................................88 Configuring a USB PC........................................................89 Connecting a computer to the USB port .....................89 Part 1. Installing the USB Driver..................................89 Part 2. Configuring IP properties on the USB PC .............................................................................95 Configuring Wireless PCs...................................................96 Siting the wireless PCs................................................96 Wireless PC cards and drivers....................................96 Configuring PC access to your Wireless device.........96 B IP Addresses, Network Masks, and Subnets ..........................................................99 IP Addresses.......................................................................99
DSL Modem User’s Guide 6 Structure of an IP address...........................................99 Network classes.........................................................100 Subnet masks ...................................................................100 C Troubleshooting ..............................................102 Troubleshooting Suggestions...........................................102 Diagnosing Problem using IP Utilities ..............................104 ping.............................................................................104 nslookup.....................................................................104 D Advanced DSL port attributes.........................106 E Glossary ..........................................................111
DSL Modem User’s Guide 7 Table of Figures Figure 1: DSL Modem Package Contents..............................................................13 Figure 2: Front Panel and LEDs..............................................................................14 Figure 3: Rear Panel Connections..........................................................................15 Figure 4: Overview of Hardware Connections........................................................17 Figure 5: Login screen .............................................................................................19 Figure 6: The Welcome page..................................................................................20 Figure 7: Current Status page.................................................................................25 Figure 8: Firmware Update page ............................................................................28 Figure 9: Checking for Updates… page .................................................................28 Figure 10: No updates available page ......................................................................28 Figure 11: Update Available page.............................................................................29 Figure 12: Downloading and installing update… page.............................................30 Figure 13: Update Installed page ..............................................................................30 Figure 14: Restarting page........................................................................................30 Figure 15: Manual Update Installation section..........................................................31 Figure 16: Health Check page...................................................................................32 Figure 17: Health Check: Running page...................................................................32 Figure 18: Health Check: Complete with failures page ............................................33 Figure 19: Health Check: Complete with no failures page.......................................34 Figure 20: Health Check page...................................................................................34 Figure 21: Health Check: DSL Status page..............................................................35 Figure 22: DSL Port Basic Configuration page.........................................................36 Figure 23: Port A1 Advanced Configuration page (part 1).......................................37 Figure 24: Port A1 Advanced Configuration page (part 2).......................................39 Figure 25: Help page ………………………………………………………….............40 Figure 26: Help – Close link.......................................................................................41 Figure 27: Addressing page ......................................................................................42 Figure 28: Addressing: Setup page...........................................................................42 Figure 29: Addressing: Confirm page .......................................................................43 Figure 30: Wireless Network page............................................................................44 Figure 31: Wireless Network: Set Country page ......................................................45 Figure 32: Wireless Network: Wireless Network Type Selection page....................46 Figure 33: Wireless Network: Basic page.................................................................46 Figure 34: Wireless Network: Channel Selection page............................................47
DSL Modem User’s Guide 8 Figure 35: Wireless Network: Channel Selection (manual) page ...........................48 Figure 36: Wireless Network: Security page.............................................................48 Figure 37: Wireless Network: 128bit Network Key page..........................................49 Figure 38: Wireless Network: Wi-Fi Protected Access page....................................50 Figure 39: Wireless Network: Address Authentication page....................................51 Figure 40: Wireless Network: Address Authentication (blacklist) page ...................52 Figure 41: Wireless Network: Address Authentication (blacklist) page ...................52 Figure 42: Wireless Network: Address Authentication (blacklist) page ...................52 Figure 43: Wireless Network: Address Authentication (whitelist) page ...................53 Figure 44: Wireless Network: Address Authentication (whitelist) page ...................53 Figure 45: Wireless Network: Address Authentication (whitelist configuration) page...................................................................................54 Figure 46: Wireless Network: Confirm page.............................................................54 Figure 47: Wireless Network: General Settings section...........................................55 Figure 48: Wireless Network: Enable/Disable page.................................................56 Figure 49: Wireless Network: Connected Wireless PCs page.................................56 Figure 50: Advanced Security page..........................................................................60 Figure 51: Advanced Security: PC Names page......................................................60 Figure 52: Advanced Security: Add PC Name page................................................60 Figure 53: Advanced Security: Add PC Name page................................................61 Figure 54: Advanced Security: Enabled Applications page .....................................61 Figure 55: Advanced Security: Enable Application page .........................................62 Figure 56: Advanced Security: Confirm Application page........................................62 Figure 57: Advanced Security: Disable Application page ........................................63 Figure 58: Advanced Security: Custom Applications page......................................63 Figure 59: Advanced Security: Create Application page..........................................64 Figure 60: Advanced Security: Add Port page..........................................................64 Figure 61: Advanced Security: Confirm Custom Application page..........................65 Figure 62: Advanced Security: Disable Application..................................................65 Figure 63: Internet Access page ...............................................................................67 Figure 64: Internet Access: Types of Access page..................................................67 Figure 65: Internet Access: Auto page......................................................................67 Figure 66: Internet Access: Searching page.............................................................68 Figure 67: Internet Access: PPP Setup page...........................................................68 Figure 68: Internet Access: Search Complete page.................................................68 Figure 69: Internet Access page ...............................................................................69 Figure 70: Internet Access: Types of Access page..................................................69
DSL Modem User’s Guide 9 Figure 71: Internet Access: PPPoA page .................................................................70 Figure 72: Internet Access: VPI and VCI Setup page ..............................................70 Figure 73: Internet Access: Confirm page ................................................................70 Figure 74: Internet Access: PPPoE page .................................................................71 Figure 75: Internet Access: MAC Spoofing page .....................................................72 Figure 76: Internet Access: MAC Spoofing Setup page...........................................72 Figure 77: Internet Access: MAC Spoofing Confirm.................................................72 Figure 78: Internet Access page ...............................................................................73 Figure 79: Internet Access: Types of Access page..................................................73 Figure 80: Internet Access: VPI and VCI Setup page ..............................................74 Figure 81: Internet Access: Confirm page ................................................................74 Figure 82: Internet Access page ...............................................................................75 Figure 83: Internet Access: Types of Access page..................................................75 Figure 84: Internet Access: Manual Setup page ......................................................75 Figure 85: Internet Access: VPI and VCI Setup page ..............................................76 Figure 86: Internet Access: Confirm page ................................................................76 Figure 87: Password page.........................................................................................77 Figure 88: Password: Enable/Disable page..............................................................78 Figure 89: Password: Setup page.............................................................................78 Figure 90: Password: Confirm page..........................................................................78 Figure 91: Reset to Defaults page.............................................................................80 Figure 92: Resetting to Defaults…............................................................................80 Figure 93: USB Setup Wizard: Installing Window ....................................................90 Figure 94: Prompt for USB Cable Plug-in.................................................................90 Figure 95: USB Cable Connectors............................................................................91 Figure 96: Windows XP Driver Installation................................................................92 Figure 97: Windows XP driver ‘Remote Network Device found’..............................92 Figure 98: Windows XP driver ‘Not XP compatible’ warning....................................93 Figure 99: Windows XP driver Hardware Wizard.....................................................93 Figure 100: Windows XP Device Properties for the installed device.........................94 Figure 101: Using the ping Utility...............................................................................104 Figure 102: Using the nslookup Utility.......................................................................105
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 10 1 Introduction Congratulations on becoming the owner of the Zoom Telephonics 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。. You will now be able to access the Internet using your high-speed DSL connection. This User Guide will show you how to connect your 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 DSL Modem, and how to customize its configuration to get the most out of your new product. Features The list below contains the main features of the device and may be useful to users with knowledge of networking protocols. If you are not an experienced user, the chapters throughout this guide will provide you with enough information to get the most out of your device. Features include:[CT3] • Internal DSL modem for high-speed Internet access • 10/100Base-T Ethernet router to provide Internet connectivity to all computers on your LAN • USB port for connecting a USB-enabled PC • Wireless access via a wireless network card and wireless security features • Network address translation (NAT) functions to provide security for your LAN • Network configuration through DHCP Server and DHCP Client • Services including IP route and DNS configuration, RIP, and IP and DSL performance monitoring • Configuration program you access via a web browser Device Requirements In order to use the 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。, you must have the following: • DSL service up and running on your telephone line • Instructions from your ISP on what type of Internet access you will be using, and the addresses needed to set up access • One or more computers each containing an Ethernet card (10Base-T/100Base-T network interface card (NIC)) and/or a single computer with a USB port
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 11 • For system configuration using the supplied web-based program: a web browser such as Internet Explorer v4 or later, or Netscape v4 or later. Note that version 4 of each browser is the minimum version requirements – for optimum display quality, use Internet Explorer v5, or Netscape v6.1. Note You do not need to use a hub or switch in order to connect more than one Ethernet PC to your device. Instead, you can connect up to four Ethernet PCs directly to your device using the ports labeled Ethernet 2 on the rear panel.
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 12 Using this Document Notational conventions • Acronyms are defined the first time they appear in text and in the glossary. • For brevity, the 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 is referred to as “the device”. • The term LAN refers to a group of Ethernet-connected computers at one site. • The term WLAN refers to a group of Wireless-connected computers at one site. Typographical conventions • Italic text is used for items you select from menus and drop-down lists and the names of displayed web pages. • Bold text is used for text strings that you type when prompted by the program, and to emphasize important points. Special messages This document uses the following icons to call your attention to specific instructions or explanations. Note Provides clarifying or non-essential information on the current topic. Definition Explains terms or acronyms that may be unfamiliar to many readers. These terms are also included in the Glossary. WARNING Provides messages of high importance, including messages relating to personal safety or system integrity. Getting Support <Your text>
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 13 2 Getting to know the device Parts Check In addition to this document, your package should arrive containing the following: • 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 DSL Modem • Power adapter and power cord • USB cable • Ethernet cable • Standard phone/DSL line cable [Insert a photograph of the contents of your product kit.] Figure 1: DSL Modem Package Contents
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 14 Front Panel The front panel contains a Restore Defaults button, a wireless network card slot and lights called LEDs that indicate the status of the unit. [Insert photo of your own front-panel with LEDs] Figure 2: Front Panel and LEDs Label Color Function Restore Defaults N/A Pressing this button restores the factory default configuration on your device PCMCIA 802.11b N/A Allows you to insert a Wireless network card that enables a Wireless LAN to attach to your device Power green On: device is powered on Off: device is powered off USB Link/Act green On: USB link is established Off: No USB link Blink: Data being transmitted W-LAN Link/Act green On: Wireless LAN link established Off: No Wireless LAN link Blink: Data being transmitted Internet orange On: Valid IP address obtained Off: No IP address obtained Blink: Valid IP packet being transferred DSL HS green On: High Speed (16 Mbit) rate established Off: 8 Mbit rate established DSL Link/Act green On: DSL link reaches showtime, which means that your device has successfully connected to your ISP’s DSL network. Off: DSL link not in showtime, your device has not successfully connected to your ISP’s DSL network. Blink: Data being transmitted LAN 10/100 green On: Fast (100BaseT) Ethernet link established and active Off: 10BaseT Ethernet link established and active LAN Link/Act green On: LAN link established and active Off: No LAN link The initial Argon 4x1 Customer Evaluation Board only supports the green Power LED (D1705 – TOP). This table is provided as an example of the status LEDs that you may wish to create. You must edit this table and the table in Testing your Setup on page 22 to reflect your own LED configuration.[CT9]
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 15 Rear Panel The rear panel contains the ports for the unit's data and power connections. [Insert photo of your own rear-panel with connectors] Figure 3: Rear Panel Connections Label Function Power Connects to the supplied power cable USB Connects to the USB port on your PC Ethernet 1 Connects the device via Ethernet to your LAN’s hub or switch (disabled) Ethernet 2 Connects the device via Ethernet to up to four PCs on your LAN (default) DSL Connects the device to a telephone port in the wall of your home/office for DSL communication V.9x Provides an optional connection to your telephone
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 16 3 Connecting your device This chapter provides basic instructions for connecting the 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 to a computer or LAN and to the Internet. You also need to configure Internet properties on your computer(s) and install the software for using a computer attached to the USB port. For more details, see the following sections: • Configuring Ethernet PCs on page 82 • Configuring a USB PC on page 89 • Configuring Wireless PCs on page 96 This chapter assumes that you have already established a DSL service with your Internet service provider (ISP). These instructions provide a basic configuration that should be compatible with your home or small office network setup. Refer to the subsequent chapters for additional configuration instructions. Connecting the Hardware In Part 1, you connect the device to the wall phone port, the power outlet, and your computer or network. WARNING Before you begin, turn the power off for all devices. These include your computer(s), your LAN hub/switch (if applicable), and the 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。. The diagram below illustrates the hardware connections. The layout of the ports on your device may vary from the layout shown. Refer to the steps that follow for specific instructions.
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 17 ADSL/Ethernet Bridge/RouterPower Ethernet 1 DSLUSB V.9x(optional)123TelephoneWall phoneport Stand-alone PCAC adapterEthernet 2 To up to 4 stand-alone PCsHub/switch(for local areanetwork)To a hubNetworked ComputersOR4Wireless PCs 5 Figure 4: Overview of Hardware Connections Step 1. Connect the DSL cable and optional telephone Connect one end of the provided phone cable to the port labeled DSL on the rear panel of the device. Connect the other end to your wall phone port. You can attach a telephone line to the device. This is helpful when the DSL line uses the only convenient wall phone port. If desired, connect the telephone cable to the port labeled V.9x[CT15]. WARNING Although you use the same type of cable, The DSL and V.9x ports are not interchangeable. Do not route the DSL connection through the V.9x port.
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 18 Step 2. Connect the Ethernet cable You must delete one of the following Ethernet connection options:[CT17] Connect either a LAN hub or a single Ethernet computer directly to the device via Ethernet cable. Connect either a LAN hub or up to four single Ethernet computers directly to the device via Ethernet cable. Note that the cables do not need to be crossover cables. Step 3. Attach the power connector Connect the AC power adapter to the Power connector on the back of the device and plug in the adapter to a wall outlet or power strip. Turn on and boot up your computer(s) and any LAN devices such as hubs or switches. Step 4. Configure your Ethernet PCs You must also configure the Internet properties on your Ethernet PCs. See Configuring Ethernet PCs on page 82. Step 5. Install USB software and connect the USB cable Only include this step if your product supports the USB port.[CT20] You can attach a single computer to the device using a USB cable. The USB port is useful if you have an USB-enabled PC that does not have a network interface card for attaching to your Ethernet network. Before attaching the USB cable, you must install a USB driver on your PC and configure the computer. For complete instructions, see Configuring a USB PC on page 89. Step 6. Install Wireless card and connect Wireless PCs Only include this step if your product supports the use of wireless[CT21] You can attach a Wireless LAN that enables Wireless PCs to access the Internet via your device. Install a compatible Wireless card such as the Conexant PRISM3 wireless network card in the PCMCIA slot on the front of the device (see Front Panel and LEDs). You must configure your Wireless computer(s) in order to access your device. For complete instructions, see Configuring Wireless PCs on page 96. Next step After setting up and configuring the device and PCs, you can log on to the device by following the instructions in Getting Started with the Web pages on page 19. The chapter includes a section called Testing your Setup on page 22, which enables you to verify that the device is working properly.
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 19 4 Getting Started with the Web pages The DSL Modem includes a series of Web pages that provide an interface to the software installed on the device. It enables you to configure the device settings to meet the needs of your network. You can access it through your web browser from any PC connected to the device via the LAN, WLAN or USB ports. Accessing the Web pages To access the Web pages, you need the following: • A PC or laptop connected to the LAN, WLAN or USB port on the device. • A web browser installed on the PC. The minimum browser version requirement is Internet Explorer v4 or Netscape v4. For the best display quality, use Internet Explorer v5, or Netscape v6.1. 1. From any of the LAN computers, open your web browser, type the following URL in the web address (or location) box, and press [Enter] on your keyboard: http://MyDslModem A login screen is displayed: Figure 5: Login screen 2. Enter your user name and password. The first time you log into the program, use these defaults: User Name: admin Password: admin Note You can change the password at any time or you can configure your device so that you do not need to enter a password. See Password on page 77.
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 20 3. Click OK. The Welcome page is displayed: Figure 6: The Welcome page This is the first page displayed each time you log in to the Web pages (see Accessing the Web pages on page 19). This page contains links to the following pages: • Addressing; links to the Addressing page that controls your device’s network address. See Addressing on page 42. • Internet Access; links to the Internet Access page that controls how your device connects to the Internet. See Internet Access on page 66. • Wireless Network; links to the Wireless Network page that controls how your wireless PCs connect to your device. See Wireless Network on page 44. Note If you receive an error message or the Welcome page is not displayed, see Troubleshooting Suggestions on page 102. Web page menu overview The web pages provide information that allows you to configure your device. These pages are listed in the menu on the left-hand side of the screen. Click on an individual menu entry to display a page. Notice that the menu is split into two separate lists. The
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 21 first list contains entries that display general information about the device including links to the pages that you are most likely to want to use: • Welcome; see Accessing the Web pages on page 19 • Current Status; see Current Status on page 25 • Firmware Update; see Check for Updates on page 27 • Health Check; see Health Check on page 32 • Help; see Help on page 40 The Setup list contains entries that allow you to change the default settings on your device. If you are like most users, you may not need to change these settings, but if you do, the Web pages will guide you through each stage of this process. • Addressing; see Addressing on page 42 • Wireless Network; see Wireless Network on page 44 • Security; see Security on page 58 • Internet Access; see Internet Access on page 66 • Password; see Password on page 80 • Reset to Defaults; see Reset to Defaults on page 80 Commonly used buttons The following buttons are used throughout the web pages: Button Function You may need to configure the settings on more than one page in order to change some of the device’s default settings. Click on this button once you have changed the configuration on your current page and are ready to move on to the next. This button appears on every configuration page. Click on this button if at any time you decide that you do not want to change the existing settings. This button appears on the final page of a series of configuration pages. Click on this button to confirm that you are happy with the changes that you have made and want to save them. Radio buttons – these appear on many configuration pages. You will be asked to select one radio button from the selection of two or more available. You cannot select more than one radio button at a time.
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 22 The following terms are used throughout this guide in association with these buttons: • Click – point the mouse arrow over the button, menu entry or link on the screen and click the left mouse button. This performs an action, such as displaying a new page. • Select – usually used when describing which radio button to select from a list, or which entry to select from a drop-down list. Point the mouse arrow over the entry and left-click to select it. This does not perform an action – you will also be required to click on a button, menu entry or link in order to proceed. Help information In addition to these buttons, you will also see the information icon throughout the Web pages. The information icon is followed by a link (called a hyperlink) to another web page. Click on the hyperlink to display further information about a specific configuration setting. For example, at the Current Status page, clicking on the following hyperlink: displays further information about the details displayed on the Current Status page. If you want to display an index of the Help information available for all web pages, see Help on page 40. Testing your Setup Once you have connected your hardware and configured your PCs, any computer on your LAN should be able to use the device’s DSL connection to access the Internet. To test the connection, turn on the device, wait for 30 seconds and then verify that the LEDs are illuminated as follows: Table 1. LED Indicators LED Behavior Power Solid green to indicate that the device is turned on. If this light is not on, check the power cable attachment. Internet Flashing on/off while data is being transferred. Solid orange when a valid IP address has been assigned to the device by the ISP. USB Solid green to indicate that the USB connection is operational. W-LAN LINK/Act Solid green to indicate that the Wireless LAN connection is operational. LINK/Act LAN Flashing on/off while the device is booting. After about 10-15 seconds, solid green to indicate that the device can communicate with your LAN. LINK/Act DSL Flashing on/off while data is being transmitted. Solid green to indicate that the device has successfully established a connection with your ISP.
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 23 LINK/Act DSL Flashing when the device is sending or receiving data from the Internet. It may be unlit, flashing, or appear solid depending on the current activity. The initial Argon 4x1 Customer Evaluation Board only supports the green Power LED (D1705 – TOP). This table is provided as an example of the LEDs that your product may support. You must edit this table to reflect your own LED configuration. [CT25] If the LEDs illuminate as expected, test your Internet connection from a LAN computer (and from the USB computer, if applicable). To do this, open your web browser, and type the URL of any external website (such as http://www.yahoo.com). The LED labeled LINK/Act DSL should be blinking rapidly and may appear solid as the device connects to the site. If the LEDs do not illuminate as expected, you may need to configure your Internet access settings using the information provided by your ISP. For details, see Internet Access on page 66. If the LEDs still do not illuminate as expected, or the web page is not displayed, see Troubleshooting Suggestions on page 102, or contact your ISP for assistance. Default device settings In addition to handling the DSL connection to your ISP, the DSL Modem can provide a variety of services to your network. The device is preconfigured with default settings for use with a typical home or small office network. The table below lists some of the most important default settings; these and other features are described fully in the subsequent chapters. If you are familiar with network configuration, review these settings to verify that they meet the needs of your network. Follow the instructions to change them if necessary. If you are unfamiliar with these settings, try using the device without modification, or contact your ISP for assistance. Before you modify any settings, we strongly recommend that you contact your ISP prior to changing the default configuration. Option Default Setting Explanation/Instructions DSL Port IP Address Unnumbered interface: 192.168.1.1 Subnet mask: 255.255.255.255 This is the temporary public IP address of the WAN port on the device. It is an unnumbered interface that is replaced as soon as your ISP assigns a ‘real’ IP address. See Internet Access on page 66. LAN Port IP Address Assigned static IP address: 192.168.1.1 Subnet mask: 255.255.255.0 This is the IP address of the LAN port on the device. The LAN port connects the device to your Ethernet network. Typically, you will not need to change this address. See Addressing on page 42. DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) DHCP server enabled with the following pool of addresses: 192.168.1.2 through 192.168.1.20 The 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 maintains a pool of private IP addresses for dynamic assignment to your LAN computers. To use this service, you must have set up your computers to accept IP information dynamically, as described in Configuring Ethernet PCs on page 82.
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 24 Option Default Setting Explanation/Instructions NAT (Network Address Translation) NAT enabled Your computers’ private IP addresses (see DHCP above) will be translated to your public IP address whenever they access the Internet. See Security on page 58.
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 25 5 Current Status The Current Status page displays useful information about the setup of your device, including: • details of the device’s Internet access settings • version information about your device To display this page: From the left-hand menu, click on Current Status. The following page is displayed: Figure 7: Current Status page The information displayed on this page is explained in detail in the following sections. Internet access settings This section displays details of the settings that allow your device to access the Internet. These details include: IP address and subnet mask: The IP address and subnet mask assigned to your WAN interface. This address is used temporarily until your ISP assigns a real IP address (via DHCP or PPP – see Internet Access on page 66). Default gateway: The address of the ISP server through which your Internet connection will be routed. DNS servers: The Domain Name System (DNS) servers used by your ISP to map domain
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 26 names to IP addresses. Your ISP assigns all of these settings. In most cases, you will not need to make changes to these settings in order for your Internet connection to work. If your ISP does ask you to change any of these settings, follow the instructions for manually configuring your device in Internet Access on page 66. Note The address 192.168.1.1 subnet mask 255.255.255.255 means that your WAN interface is an unnumbered interface. For more information on unnumbered interfaces, see Glossary on page 106. About Productname This section displays details of your device’s hardware and firmware versions. If you need to contact your ISP’s support team, they may need to know which hardware/firmware versions you are using in order to answer your query. Your hardware version details contain information about the make and model of your device and its exact hardware components. Your firmware version details contain information about the software program running on your device. From time to time, Zoom Telephonics may update or add new features to this firmware. They then make the latest updated version available to you via the Internet. For details of how to update your firmware, see Check for Updates on page 27.
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 27 6 Firmware Update The Firmware Update page allows you to: • check if an updated firmware version is available from Zoom Telephonics. See Checking for firmware updates on page 27. • download an updated firmware version and install it on your device. See Updating your firmware on page 29. • manually download the latest firmware version from Zoom Telephonics’s website and manually update your firmware. See Manually updating firmware on page 30. About firmware versions Firmware is a software program. It is stored as read-only memory on your device. Zoom Telephonics is continually improving this firmware by adding new features to it, and these features are saved in later versions of the firmware. Your device can check whether there are later firmware versions available. If there is a later version, you can download it via the Internet and install it on your device. Note If there is a firmware update available you are strongly advised to install it on your device to ensure that you take full advantage of any new feature developments. In order to check and download firmware, your device must be attached to the Internet. To check this, see Testing your Setup on page 22. Checking for firmware updates 1. From the left-hand menu, click on Firmware Update. The following page is displayed:
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 28 Figure 8: Firmware Update page 2. Click Check for Updates>. The Checking for Updates… page is displayed: Figure 9: Checking for Updates… page 3. This page tells you that a check for updates is in progress. Once the check is complete, the page displayed depends on whether updates are available or not. • If there are no firmware updates available the following page is displayed: Figure 10: No updates available page This confirms that you are already using the latest firmware version and there are no updates available.
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 29 • If there are firmware updates available, the following page is displayed: Figure 11: Update Available page The page includes a summary of the firmware update, and a link to the release notes. For instructions on updating your firmware, see Updating your firmware on page 29. Updating your firmware This section assumes that you have already carried out one of the following: • followed the instructions in Checking for firmware updates on page 27. • followed the instructions on manually updating firmware in Manually updating firmware on page 30. If the Updates Available page has confirmed that a firmware update is available, follow the instructions below. 1. From the Update Available page, click Update Now>. The Checking for Updates… page is displayed. Once the device has connected to the firmware update site, the following page is displayed:
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 30 Figure 12: Downloading and installing update… page 2. The page tells you that the firmware update is currently being downloaded and installed on your device. Once installation is complete, the following page is displayed: Figure 13: Update Installed page 3. You must restart your device in order to make the device aware that a new firmware version has been installed. To do this, click Restart Productname . The following page is displayed: Figure 14: Restarting page The page tells you that your device is currently being restarted. Once complete, the Current Status page is displayed. See the Current Status on page 25. Manually updating firmware You can manually download the latest firmware version from Zoom Telephonics’s website to your PC’s file directory. Click on the Zoom Telephonics link. Once you have downloaded the latest firmware version to your PC, you can manually select and install it as follows:
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 31 1. Click on the Browse… button. Figure 15: Manual Update Installation section (Note that if you are using certain browsers (such as Opera 7) the Browse button is labeled Choose.) Use the Choose file box to navigate to the relevant directory where the firmware version is saved. 2. Once you have selected the file to be installed, click Open. The file’s directory path is displayed in the Update file: text box. 3. Click Update Now>. The device checks that the selected file contains an updated version of firmware. Now follow the instructions from Checking for firmware updates, step 3 on page 28.
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 32 7 Health Check This page allows you to run a health check to test whether the Internet connection on your device is working properly. The health check runs a number of tests in order to diagnose any ‘health’ problems with your device’s Internet access. If you need to contact your ISP’s support team, they may ask you to run the Health Check and describe the results to them. This page also provides you with a link to the DSL Status page, which displays detailed information about your DSL connection. See the DSL Status page on page 34. Running the Health Check 1. From the left-hand menu, click on Health Check. The following page is displayed: Figure 16: Health Check page This page asks you to ensure that your device is connected to your phone line. See Step 1. Connect the DSL cable and optional telephone on page 17. 2. Click on Perform Health Check>. The following page confirms that the health check is currently running: Figure 17: Health Check: Running page The Health Check may take up to three minutes to complete.
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 33 3. Once the health check has finished running, the Health Check: Complete page is displayed. The most important details displayed on this page are the Result, Test and Diagnostic information: • Result; tells you the overall result of the health check • Test; if the Health Check fails, this tells you which test caused the failure. The first failed test stops the Health Check completely – no other tests are run after the failed test. If the Health Check is successfully completed, ‘User Diagnostics complete’ is displayed. • Diagnostic; if the Health Check fails, this provides technical information about the likely cause of a Health Check failure. If a failure occurs, you will need to give this information to your ISP’s support team. If the Health Check is successfully completed, no diagnostic information is displayed. For example, if you run the Health Check on your device when the DSL port is not connected, the following information may be displayed: Figure 18: Health Check: Complete with failures page This page tells you that the result failed. The test that caused the health check to fail was the physical connection test. The diagnostic information displays details about the failure that you can pass on to your ISP support team. This page also contains links to the Current Status and Internet Access pages. It may be worth checking the settings on these pages if the health check failed. If you want to run the health check again, click on the Health Check page link at the bottom of this page, or from the left-hand Setup menu, click on Health Check. The Health Check page is displayed (see Health Check page on page 32). If your device successfully passes the health check, the following page is displayed:
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 34 Figure 19: Health Check: Complete with no failures page DSL Status page 1. From the left-hand menu, click on Health Check. The following page is displayed: Figure 20: Health Check page 2. Click on DSL Status. The following page is displayed:
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 35 Figure 21: Health Check: DSL Status page This page displays useful information about the status of your DSL connection, including: • Operational mode; the current connected mode. Possible values displayed are: • Inactive (not connected) • Unknown (unrecognized mode) • Name of the standard compliance used by the connection (for example, G.Span+ ). • State; the current state of the device. Possible values displayed are: • Idle (not connected or attempting to connect) • Handshake (hunting for a remote modem) • Training (remote modem has been found) • Showtime (connected to the remote modem) • Trained transmit/receive bit rate; the transmit and receive rates of the device (in bits per second). 3. Click on the DSL port configuration… link at the top of the Health Check: DSL Status page. The following page is displayed:
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 36 Figure 22: DSL Port Basic Configuration page In addition to information about the status of your DSL connection (also displayed on the Health Check: DSL Status page), this page displays the current attribute settings for your DSL port and allows you to configure these settings. The DSL port is called port A1. Note You should only edit your DSL port configuration if your ISP has told you to do so and/or you are experienced in DSL attribute configuration. For details of the attributes and options displayed, see Advanced DSL port attributes on page 106. 4. Once you have configured DSL port attributes, click on Apply. The page is refreshed and the device is updated with your DSL configuration changes. Clicking on Reset before you have clicked on Apply will reset attribute values to their previous settings. 5. You can also display and configure advanced DSL port attributes. At the top of the Port A1 Configuration page, click on the View advanced configuration… The page displayed contains the advanced attributes shown on the following two pages. Note You should only edit your advanced DSL port configuration if your ISP has told you to do so and/or you are experienced in DSL attribute configuration. For details of the attributes and options displayed, see Advanced DSL port attributes on page 106.
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 37 Figure 23: Port A1 Advanced Configuration page (part 1)
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 38
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 39 Figure 24: Port A1 Advanced Configuration page (part 2) 6. Once you have configured advanced DSL port attributes, click on Apply. The page is refreshed and the device is updated with your DSL configuration changes. Clicking on Reset before you have clicked on Apply will reset attribute values to their previous settings. For details of the advanced DSL port attributes displayed, see Advanced DSL port attributes on page 106.
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 40 8 Help The Help page displays an index of the help information that corresponds with each web page. You can click on the information icon on any web page in order to display further information about a specific topic on a specific page. However, you may prefer to display the Help text index in order to navigate through Help topics more easily. Using the Help page 1. From the left-hand menu, click on Help. The Help page is displayed: Figure 25: Help page Notice that the Help headings match the menu headings listed in the left-hand menu. 2. Each heading is a link to another help page. Click on a heading to display information about a specific page in a new window. For example, clicking on Current Status displays the Help: Current Status page. The same page is displayed by clicking on the information icon from the Current Status page itself. 3. The new window that displays the help pages contains the following left-hand menu:
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 41 Figure 26: Help – Close link To close the new window, click on close. About the Online User Guide Although this guide can be printed for easy reference, it has also been prepared for viewing online through a web browser. To view the online version of this guide, from the Help index page, click on the Online User Guide link. The online version of this guide is displayed.
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 42 9 Addressing The Addressing page displays information about your LAN IP address and allows you to change the address and subnet mask assigned to your device. Note You should only change the addressing details if your ISP asks you to, or if you are familiar with network configuration. In most cases, you will not need to make any changes to this configuration. Changing the LAN IP address and subnet mask 1. From the left-hand Setup menu, click on Addressing. The following page is displayed: Figure 27: Addressing page This page displays the current IP address and subnet mask assigned to your device. The default LAN IP configuration is IP address 192.168.1.1, subnet mask 255.255.255.0. 2. Click on Change Productname Address settings here… The following page is displayed: Figure 28: Addressing: Setup page 3. Click in the IP Address and Subnet Mask boxes and type the new address details. Note Your LAN PCs must remain on the same subnet as your device (that is, the subnet masks must be the same). If necessary, reconfigure the LAN PCs so that their IP addresses place them in the same subnet as the new device IP address. See Configuring Ethernet PCs on page 82.
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 43 4. Click Next>. The following page is displayed: Figure 29: Addressing: Confirm page 5. This page displays the new IP address and subnet mask and asks you to confirm whether these are correct. Click Confirm Changes. The Addressing page is displayed, confirming your new LAN address settings. Note If you change the LAN IP address of the device while connected through your Web browser, you will be disconnected. You must open a new connection by entering your new LAN IP address as the URL. See Accessing the Web pages on page 19.
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 44 10 Wireless Network This chapter assumes that you have already set up your Wireless PCs and installed a compatible Wireless card on your device. See Configuring Wireless PCs on page 96. The Wireless Network page allows you to configure the Wireless features of your device. To access the Wireless Network page: From the left-hand Setup menu, click on Wireless Network. The following page is displayed: Figure 30: Wireless Network page The settings on this page are split into two sections: • First Time Settings[CT33]; contains a hyperlink wizard that takes you through a sequence of pages, with each page corresponding to a specific wireless network setting. You should only need to change all of these settings once; i.e., when you initially setup your wireless network. See the Wireless Network First Time Settings Wizard on page 45. This section also displays the country that the wireless network is set to operate in and the type of wireless network used. • General Settings; contains details of the current wireless configuration and hyperlinks relating to individual wireless network settings previously configured by completing the First Time Settings wizard. This allows you to make
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 45 changes to specific wireless settings without going through the entire wizard. See Wireless Network General Settings on page 55. Wireless Network First Time Settings Wizard This section describes how to follow the wireless network wizard in order to configure your wireless network settings for the first time. The wizard sequence allows you to configure each of the following Wireless settings in order: • The country that your network is operating in • The specification standard used by the wireless network • The wireless network name • The wireless network channel • Wireless network security • Wireless network address authentication Note Each page of the wizard contains a Cancel button. Click on this if you want to exit the wizard at any time. Setting the Country[CT34] 1. From the First Time Settings section of the Wireless Network page, click Change your wireless first time settings here… The first page of the wizard is displayed: Figure 31: Wireless Network: Set Country page The number of valid wireless network frequencies varies from country to country and you need to identify which country you are operating the device in to ensure that your network will transmit on the correct frequency. 2. From the Country drop-down list, select the appropriate country. Click on the Confirm Changes> button to apply configuration changes and move on to the next page in the wizard sequence, which allows you to Select your Wireless Network Type. Select your Wireless Network Type[CT35] The following page allows you to select the IEEE specification supported by your network:
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 46 Figure 32: Wireless Network: Wireless Network Type Selection page Each specification transmits at a certain speed (measured in Mbits per second) over a specific frequency. The frequency indicates the range at which wireless traffic can be transmitted or received between the device and the wireless PC(s). Supported specifications are: • 802.11B only – provides slower rates at a longer range than 802.11G (11 Mbps in the 2.4 GHz band) • 802.11G only – provides faster rates at a shorter range than 802.11B (20+ Mbps in the 2.4 GHz band) • 802.11B/G – supports both of the above specifications, but 802.11G rates will be slower than they are in a G-only network Note Some Argon platforms also support 802.11A only, which provides 54Mbps in the 5 GHz band. The Argon 4x1 does not support 802.11A. To select a network type, click on a single radio button. Click on the Confirm Changes> button to apply configuration changes and move on to the next page in the wizard sequence, which allows you to Set the Wireless Network Name. Set the Wireless Network Name The following page allows you to set the name of your wireless network: Figure 33: Wireless Network: Basic page Your device and all of the wireless PCs in your wireless LAN share the same wireless network name. This name (commonly known as the Service Set Identifier (SSID) distinguishes your
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 47 Wireless network from any other(s) that may be in use nearby. It also ensures that only those PCs configured with the same name as the one set on your device can obtain access to it. By default, the network name starts with GSV_ and ends with the last six digits of your device’s MAC address. For security reasons, we recommend that you replace the default network name with a unique value of your own. To do this: 1. Click in the Network Name (SSID) box and type a new name. The name can be any combination of numbers and/or letters with a maximum length of 32 characters. 2. Click Next>. If you are following the First Time Settings wizard, the next page in the wizard sequence is displayed, which allows you to Select a Channel. If you have accessed this page from the General Settings section of the Wireless Network page, click on the Confirm Changes button to apply changes and return to the Wireless Network page. Select a Channel The following page allows you to select a network channel: Figure 34: Wireless Network: Channel Selection page Your device and all of the wireless PCs in your wireless LAN must share the same channel number. Each channel represents a regulatory channel frequency (MHz). Some countries may regulate the use of certain channel frequencies. Your ISP determines which channels are available and whether you should allow automatic or manual channel selection. To configure channel selection, choose one of the following options: • If you want the device to automatically select the best channel for your network, click on the Allow MyDslModem to select channel option and then click Next>. • If you want to manually select a channel, click on the Select a channel manually option and then click Next>. The following page is displayed:
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 48 Figure 35: Wireless Network: Channel Selection (manual) page Select a suitable channel (as advised by your ISP) from the Channel drop-down list and then click Next>. If you are following the First Time Settings wizard, the next page in the wizard sequence is displayed, which allows you to Configure Wireless Network Security. If you have accessed this page from the General Settings section of the Wireless Network page, click on the Confirm Changes button to apply changes and return to the Wireless Network page. Configure Wireless Network Security The following page allows you to configure wireless security: Figure 36: Wireless Network: Security page You can protect your wireless data from potential eavesdroppers by encrypting wireless data transmissions. An eavesdropper might set up a compatible wireless adapter within range of your device and attempt to access your network. Data encryption is the translation of data into a form that cannot be easily understood by unauthorized users. There are two methods of wireless security to choose from: • Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP); data is encrypted into blocks of either 64 bits length or 128 bits length. The encrypted data can only be sent and received by users with access to a private network key. Each PC on your wireless network must be manually configured with the same key as your device in order to allow wireless encrypted data transmissions. Eavesdroppers cannot access your network if they do not know your private key. WEP is considered to be a low security option.
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 49 • Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA); provides a stronger data encryption method (called Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP)). It runs in a special, easy-to-set-up home mode called Pre-Shared Key (PSK) that allows you to manually enter a pass phrase on all the devices in your wireless network. WPA data encryption is based on a WPA master key. The master key is derived from the pass phrase and the network name (SSID) of the device. To configure security, choose one of the following options: • If you do not want to use Wireless Network security, click the Off radio button and then click Next>. Off is the default setting, but you are strongly recommended to use wireless network security on your device. If you are following the First Time Settings wizard, the next page in the wizard sequence is displayed, which allows you to Configure Wireless Address Authentication. If you have accessed this page from the General Settings section of the Wireless Network page, click on the Confirm Changes button to apply changes and return to the Wireless Network page. • If you want to use WEP 64bit data encryption, click on the 64bit encryption on the wireless network radio button and then click Next>. Now follow the instructions in Configuring 64bit or 128bit encryption on page 49. • If you want to use WEP 128bit data encryption, click on the 128bit encryption on the wireless network radio button and then click Next>. Now follow the instructions in Configuring 64bit or 128bit encryption on page 49. • If you want to use WPA, click on the Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) on the wireless network radio button and then click Next>. Now follow the instructions in Configuring WPA security on page 50. Configuring 64bit or 128bit encryption The example set in this section is for 128bit encryption, however the outline also applies to 64bit encryption. 1. Once you have selected your WEP encryption method and then clicked Next>, the following page is displayed: Figure 37: Wireless Network: 128bit Network Key page 2. Click in the Key box and type a unique 26-character hex network key, such as A6F34B2CE5D68BE90A6F34B2CE. Note Hexadecimal or ‘hex’ numbers each have a value of 0 to 9 or A to F. Each number represents four bits of binary data.
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 50 Note that if you selected 64bit, you will need to type a unique 10-character hex network key. 3. Click Next>. If you are following the First Time Settings wizard, the next page in the wizard sequence is displayed, which allows you to Configure Wireless Address Authentication. If you have accessed this page from the General Settings section of the Wireless Network page, click on the Confirm Changes button to apply changes and return to the Wireless Network page. Configuring WPA security 1. Once you have selected WPA and then clicked Next>, the following page is displayed: Figure 38: Wireless Network: Wi-Fi Protected Access page 2. Type a unique pass phrase in the Pass phrase text box. Your pass phrase should be at least 20 characters long in order to deter potential intruders. 3. Once you have typed a pass phrase, click Next>. If you are following the First Time Settings wizard, the next page in the wizard sequence is displayed, which allows you to Configure Wireless Address Authentication. If you have accessed this page from the General Settings section of the Wireless Network page, click on the Confirm Changes button to apply changes and return to the Wireless Network page. Configure Wireless Address Authentication The following page allows you to configure which wireless PCs can access the device:
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 51 Figure 39: Wireless Network: Address Authentication page By default, any wireless PC that is configured with your network’s SSID and channel number can connect to your device. You may want to increase the security of your wireless network by creating one of the following lists of wireless PCs: • a wireless PC blacklist; PCs on this list cannot access the device, but all other wireless PCs can. • a wireless PC whitelist; PCs on this list can access the device, but all other wireless PCs cannot. The Wireless PCs added to either list are identified by their unique MAC address. This is made up of six pairs of characters, with each character either a number between 0 and 9, or a letter between A and F. For example, 00:20:2b:80:2f:30. To configure which wireless PCs can access your device, choose one of the following options: • If you want any wireless PCs to have access to your device, click on the Allow any wireless PCs to connect radio button. Click Next>. If you are following the First Time Settings wizard, the final page in the wizard sequence is displayed, which allows you to Confirm Wireless network changes. If you have accessed this page from the General Settings section of the Wireless Network page, click on the Confirm changes button to apply changes and return to the Wireless Network page. • If you want to create a blacklist of PCs that cannot access your device, click on the Allow all wireless PCs to connect except those I specify radio button and then click Next>. Now follow the instructions in Configuring the wireless PC blacklist on page 51. • If you want to create a whitelist of PCs that can access your device, click on the Only allow the wireless PCs I specify to connect radio button and then click Next>. Now follow the instructions in Configuring the wireless PC whitelist on page 53. Configuring the wireless PC blacklist 1. Once you have selected Allow all wireless PCs to connect except those I specify radio button and then clicked Next>>, the following page is displayed:
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 52 Figure 40: Wireless Network: Address Authentication (blacklist) page 2. To add a network PC to the blacklist, click Add an address here… The following page is displayed: Figure 41: Wireless Network: Address Authentication (blacklist) page 3. Click in each box and type each character pair of the MAC address for the PC you want to blacklist. Click Next>. The following page is displayed, containing details of the MAC address that you have just added: Figure 42: Wireless Network: Address Authentication (blacklist) page 4. This page allows you to configure the addresses on the blacklist: • If you want to add another MAC address to the blacklist, click Add an address here… and repeat the instructions described in step 3. • If you want to remove a MAC address from the blacklist, click Remove an address here… At the displayed page, select the MAC address that you want to remove from the drop-down list.
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 53 5. Click Next>. If you are following the First Time Settings wizard, the final page in the wizard sequence is displayed, which allows you to Confirm Wireless network changes. If you have accessed this page from the General Settings section of the Wireless Network page, click on the Confirm Changes button to apply changes and return to the Wireless Network page. Configuring the wireless PC whitelist 1. Once you have selected Only allow the wireless PCs I specify to connect radio button and then clicked Next>, the following page is displayed: Figure 43: Wireless Network: Address Authentication (whitelist) page 2. To add a network PC to the whitelist, click Add an address here… The following page is displayed: Figure 44: Wireless Network: Address Authentication (whitelist) page 3. Click in each box and type each character pair of the MAC address for the PC you want to whitelist. Click Next>. The following page is displayed, containing details of the MAC address that you have just added:
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 54 Figure 45: Wireless Network: Address Authentication (whitelist configuration) page 4. This page allows you to configure the addresses on the whitelist: • If you want to add another MAC address to the whitelist, click Add an address here… and repeat the instructions described in step 3. • If you want to remove a MAC address from the whitelist, click Remove an address here… At the displayed page, select the MAC address that you want to remove from the drop-down list. 5. Click Next>. If you are following the First Time Settings wizard, the final page in the wizard sequence is displayed, which allows you to Confirm Wireless network changes. If you have accessed this page from the General Settings section of the Wireless Network page, click on the Confirm Changes button to apply changes and return to the Wireless Network page. Confirm Wireless network changes Once you have configured Wireless Address Authentication and clicked on Next>, the following page is displayed: Figure 46: Wireless Network: Confirm page This page confirms the configuration changes made to each page in the wizard. If you are happy with these settings, click on
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 55 the Confirm Changes button. Configuration changes are applied to the device and the Wireless Network page is displayed. Once you have completed the First Time Settings wizard, you can edit specific wireless settings using the hyperlinks displayed in the General Settings section of the Wireless Network page. See Wireless Network General Settings on page 55. Wireless Network General Settings The General Settings section of the Wireless Network page displays details of the device’s current wireless configuration. For example: Figure 47: Wireless Network: General Settings section The hyperlinks in this section allow you to: • Enable/disable wireless networking; see Enabling/disabling wireless networking on page 56. • Change the channel currently in use; click Change your wireless channel here… and follow the instructions in Select a Channel on page 47. • Change the network name (SSID); click Change your wireless network name here… and follow the instructions in Set the Wireless Network Name on page 46. • Configure wireless security; click Change Wireless Security settings here… and follow the instruction in Configure Wireless Network Security on page 48. • Configure address authentication; click Change which wireless PCs are allowed to connect here… and follow the instructions in Configure Wireless Address Authentication on page 50. • Display information about the wireless PCs connected to the device; see Displaying details of Wireless PCs on page 56.
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 56 Enabling/disabling wireless networking Note Once you have completed the First Time Settings wizard, wireless networking is enabled on the device by default. At the Wireless Network page, click on Enable or disable the wireless network here… The following page is displayed: Figure 48: Wireless Network: Enable/Disable page Choose whether to enable or disable wireless networking: • To enable the network, click on the Enable radio button and then click Next>. This takes you through a subset of the First Time Setting wizard, starting with the page that allows you to configure the current Wireless Network Name. Follow the instructions starting from Set the Wireless Network Name on page 46. • To disable the network, click on the Disable radio button and then click Next>. The next page confirms the disabled state of the wireless network. If you are happy with this configuration, click on Confirm Changes. The Wireless Network page is displayed. Displaying details of Wireless PCs At the Wireless Network page, click on View details of connected wireless PCs… The following page is displayed: Figure 49: Wireless Network: Connected Wireless PCs page < bad grammar on this page: “The following 1 wireless PCs are..@> This page displays the MAC address of the PC currently connected to your device, together with the signal strength. The signal strength is the measure of radio frequency (RF) energy
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 57 detected by the device on a specific channel. Signal strength may vary depending on the position of the PC(s) in relation to the device. To return to Wireless Network page, click on Return to the wireless status page.
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 58 11 Advanced Security Your device has built in advanced Security features that protect your network by blocking unwanted traffic from the Internet. If you simply want to connect from your local network to the Internet, you do not need to make any changes to the default Security configuration. You only need to edit the configuration if you wish to do one or both of the following: • allow Internet users to browse the user pages on your local network (for example, by providing an FTP or HTTP server) • play certain games which require accessibility from the Internet This chapter describes how to configure Security to suit the needs of your network. By default, the IP addresses of your LAN PCs are hidden from the Internet. All data sent from your LAN PCs to a PC on the Internet appears to come from the IP address of your device. (To display your device’s IP address, see Current Status on page 25.) In this way, details about your LAN PCs remain private. This security feature is called Network Address Translation (NAT). Configuring NAT Security Certain network games, chat or file sharing software do not work with your default NAT setting. Your device knows the port, protocol and trigger information needed to allow access to the common applications listed below, but by default, access to them is disabled. Application TCP port numberUDP port number Trigger required?E-mail 110, 25 N/A false News 119 N/A false MSN Messenger 1863 N/A false Yahoo! Instant Messenger 5050 5055 5100 N/A false AOL Instant Messenger 5190 N/A false Internet Relay Chat (IRC) 194 194 false 1720 N/A true N/A 1719 true Netmeeting (h323) 1731 522 N/A false
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 59 Application TCP port numberUDP port number Trigger required?Real Audio 544 7070 544 6770 false Ping N/A (ICMP) N/A (ICMP) false Web connections (HTTP, HTTPS) 80, 443 N/A false 51210 N/A true DialPad N/A 51200 51201 true FTP 21 N/A false Telnet 23 N/A false Secure shell (SSH) 22 N/A false Windows Media Services 1755 1755 false Gnutella 6346 N/A false Kazaa 1214 N/A false Windows Terminal Server 3389 N/A false DNS N/A 53 false PPTP 1723 1723 false Internet Key Exchange N/A 500 false LDAP 389 N/A false GRE N/A (GRE) N/A (GRE) false Databeam (T.120) 1503 N/A false You can enable access to a common application from a specific PC on your network. For more information, see Configuring Internet applications on page 61. If you want to allow access to an application that is not included on the above list of common applications, you can create and enable a custom application. For more information, see Configuring custom applications on page 63. Before you can configure your default NAT settings, you must assign a unique name to each of the PCs on your network. See Assigning PC Names on page 59. Assigning PC Names You must assign a name to each of the PCs on your network before you can enable access to common applications or create custom ones. This allows you to refer to PCs by name instead of IP address. 1. From the left-hand Setup menu, click on Security. The following page is displayed:
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 60 Figure 50: Advanced Security page 2. Click on Configure named PCs here… The following page is displayed: Figure 51: Advanced Security: PC Names page 3. This page displays the names previously assigned to PCs on your network. To assign a name to an unnamed PC, click Add a new PC name here… The following page is displayed: Figure 52: Advanced Security: Add PC Name page 4. Type a unique, meaningful name in the PC name text box, then type the IP address of the PC that you want to assign this name to. Click Next>. The following page is displayed:
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 61 Figure 53: Advanced Security: Add PC Name page 5. If you are happy with the name that you have assigned to the IP address, click Confirm Changes. The Advanced Security: PC Names page is displayed. Once you have assigned PC names, you can enable Internet access to applications (see Configuring Internet applications on page 61) and create custom applications (see Configuring custom applications on page 63). Deleting PC Names To delete an assigned PC name: 1. From the Advanced Security: PC Names page, click on Remove a PC name here… 2. Select the PC name that you wish to remove, and then click Next>. 3. At the Advanced Security: Confirm PC Name page, click Confirm Changes. The Advanced Security: PC Names page is displayed. Details of the deleted PC name have been removed. Configuring Internet applications This section assumes that you have already assigned names to the PCs on your network as described in Assigning PC Names on page 59. You can enable/disable a specific Internet application in order to allow/block access to it via an individual PC. Enabling Internet applications 1. From the left-hand Setup menu, click on Advanced Security. At the displayed page, click on Configure Internet applications here… The following page is displayed: Figure 54: Advanced Security: Enabled Applications page
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 62 This page displays details about applications that are currently enabled. By default, all Internet applications are disabled. 2. Click on Enable an application here… The following page is displayed: Figure 55: Advanced Security: Enable Application page 3. This page allows you to select which application you wish to enable for a specific PC. The Application name drop-down list contains the following: • the common applications that your device knows about (see Configuring Internet applications on page 61). • any custom applications that you have manually configured (see Configuring custom applications on page 63). Select the application and the PC that you want to enable access to and then click Next>. The following page is displayed: Figure 56: Advanced Security: Confirm Application page 4. If you are happy with your application configuration, click Confirm Changes. The Advanced Security: Enabled Applications page is displayed, containing a list of currently enabled applications. Disabling Internet applications 1. From the Advanced Security: Enabled Applications page, click on Disable an application here. The following page is displayed:
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 63 Figure 57: Advanced Security: Disable Application page 2. Select the application that you want to disable from the Application name drop down list, and then click Next>. At the Advanced Security: Confirm Application page, click on Confirm Changes. The Advanced Security: Enabled Applications page is displayed. Details about the disabled application have been removed. Configuring custom applications If you want to enable access to an application that does not appear on your device’s default list of common applications (see Configuring Internet applications on page 61) you can create a custom application. In order to create a custom application, you must know: 1. the protocol used by the application (e.g., TCP, UDP and so on) 2. the primary port or range of ports used by the application 3. whether the application requires a trigger, and if so, the secondary port or range of ports used by the application 4. the address translation type used by the trigger Your application provider or games manufacturer should provide you with these details. Creating custom applications In this example configuration, a custom application called network game using TCP port 5555 is created. 1. From the left-hand Setup menu, click on Security. At the Advanced Security page, click on Create and configure custom applications here… The following page is displayed: Figure 58: Advanced Security: Custom Applications page
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 64 This page displays details of previously created custom applications. . By default, no custom applications exist. Click Add a custom application here… The following page is displayed: Figure 59: Advanced Security: Create Application page 2. Type a unique name for your custom application, and select the transport protocol from the Transport drop-down list. Click Next>. The following page is displayed: Figure 60: Advanced Security: Add Port page 3. Type a port range by entering the start and end of the range in the two boxes provided. If you want to use a single port, enter the port number in the first box and leave the second box blank. Note You must ensure that the single port or range specified does not overlap with a port or range for an existing common or custom application. Check the common port ranges listed in Configuring NAT Security on page 58. Select the address translation type from the drop down list. This controls the translation of binary IP addresses in the payload of a packet (the part containing data). Click Next>. The following page is displayed:
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 65 Figure 61: Advanced Security: Confirm Custom Application page 4. This page confirms your custom application configuration. If you are happy with the details displayed, click Confirm Changes. The Advanced Security: Custom Applications page is displayed, containing details of the custom application that you have just created. In order to access your custom application, you must first enable it. See Configuring Internet applications on page 61. Deleting custom applications 1. From the Advanced Security: Custom Applications page, click on Delete a custom application here... The following page is displayed: Figure 62: Advanced Security: Disable Application 2. Select the application that you want to delete from the Application name drop down list and then click Next>. At the Advanced Security: Confirm Application page, click on Confirm Changes. The Advanced Security: Custom Applications page is displayed. Details about the deleted application have been removed.
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 66 12 Internet Access This chapter describes how to configure the way that your device connects to the Internet. Your ISP determines what type of Internet access you should use and provides you with any information that you need in order to configure the Internet access to your device. Your device needs the following address information in order to access the Internet: IP address and subnet mask: The IP address and subnet mask assigned to your WAN interface. Default gateway: The gateway address that identifies the ISP server through which your Internet connection will be routed. DNS servers: The Dynamic Name System (DNS) servers used by your ISP to dynamically assign addresses to each of the computers attached to your LAN. In most cases, you will not need to configure your device with these addresses because your ISP is likely to use an Internet access type which automatically assigns addresses to your device. For more information, see Types of Internet Access on page 66. Types of Internet Access The types of Internet access available are as follows: • Automatic Internet access – your device scans the Internet via the DSL connection in order to find a link to the ISP’s Internet service. The IP addresses required to access your ISP’s Internet service are automatically configured. • PPP Internet access – your device uses a Point to Point Protocol (PPP) to carry data between your ISP and your computer. To use PPP Internet access, you must enter a PPP login username and password the first time to log on. The IP addresses required to access your ISP’s Internet service are automatically configured. Your device supports two types of PPP – PPPoE (over Ethernet) and PPPoA (over ATM). • DHCP – your ISP uses a protocol called Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) to assign addresses and manage your device. The device is automatically assigned the IP addresses that it needs to access the Internet. • Manual – you manually assign the addresses that your device needs in order to access the Internet. Your ISP should provide you with the necessary addresses.
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 67 Configuring Automatic Internet Access Your device can automatically search for a link to your ISP’s Internet service. If your ISP tells you to use this connection method, follow the instructions below. 1. From the left-hand Setup menu, click on Internet Access. The following page is displayed: Figure 63: Internet Access page This page displays information about your current Internet access configuration. 2. Click on Change the Internet Access setting here… The following page is displayed: Figure 64: Internet Access: Types of Access page 3. Select Auto and click Next>. The following page is displayed: Figure 65: Internet Access: Auto page
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 68 4. This page displays a warning that once a new connection is automatically detected, it will replace your existing Internet Access configuration. If you are happy with this, click Next>. The following message confirms that your device is automatically searching for a link to the Internet: Figure 66: Internet Access: Searching page 5. Once the search is complete, a page is displayed confirming which type of Internet connection has been detected. For example, the following page is displayed if the device has detected a PPP connection: Figure 67: Internet Access: PPP Setup page 6. Enter the PPP username and password provided by your ISP. Type them in the relevant boxes, and then click Next>. The following page is displayed: Figure 68: Internet Access: Search Complete page 7. This page confirms the Internet Access settings that have been detected. Click on the hyperlink to the Internet Access page to display details of your automatically configured Internet connection. Configuring your PPP DSL connection If your ISP’s Internet service uses PPPoA or PPPoE you need to set up a PPP login account. The first time that you login to the Internet, your ISP will ask you to enter a username and
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 69 password so they can check that you are a legitimate, registered Internet service user. Your device stores these authentication details, so you will not have to enter this username and password every time you login. Your ISP may also tell you to set unique path and circuit numbers (called VPI and VCI) in order to connect your device to the ISP’s Internet service. In most cases, your device will use default settings, so you may not need to enter these values. Note Your ISP will provide you with the login details and VPI/VCI values necessary to set up a PPP login account. If your ISP wants you to connect to the Internet using PPP, follow the instructions below. 1. From the left-hand Setup menu, click on Internet Access. The following page is displayed: Figure 69: Internet Access page This page displays information about your current Internet access configuration. 2. Click on Change the Internet Access setting here… The following page is displayed: Figure 70: Internet Access: Types of Access page 3. Select either PPPoA or PPPoE, depending on which PPP type your ISP wants you to use. In this example, PPPoA is selected, but the instructions for PPPoE are identical. Click Next>. The following page is displayed:
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 70 Figure 71: Internet Access: PPPoA page 4. Enter the PPP username and password provided by your ISP. Type them in the relevant boxes, and then click Next>. The following page is displayed: Figure 72: Internet Access: VPI and VCI Setup page 5. Click on the VCI and VPI setting determined by your ISP: • Fixed (default) - click on this if your ISP tells you to use default VPI and VCI setting. This is the most common setup. • Manual – click on this if your ISP has provided you with specific VPI and VCI settings. Click Next>. At the next page, type the provided VPI and VCI settings in the relevant boxes. 6. Click Next>. The following page is displayed: Figure 73: Internet Access: Confirm page This page confirms your PPP settings. If you selected the Manual option at step 5, the VPI and VCI values that you entered are also displayed on this page. 7. If you are happy with your settings, click Confirm Changes. The Internet Access page is displayed.
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 71 If you have configured PPPoE Internet access, notice that an extra configuration option called MAC Spoofing appears on this page: Figure 74: Internet Access: PPPoE page MAC spoofing allows you to set the Media Access Control (MAC) address of your device. See Enabling MAC spoofing on page 10 for more details. Enabling MAC spoofing Note You should only enable MAC spoofing if your ISP has requested that you do so. In most cases, you will not need to do this. Your ISP identifies your modem by its unique hardware number or Media Access Control (MAC) address. If you are using PPPoE Internet access, your ISP may want you to spoof the identity of a different device. You can spoof the MAC address of another device by replacing your device’s existing MAC address with another device’s address. Your ISP will provide you with the replacement MAC address. Note You can only configure MAC spoofing if you are using PPPoE Internet access. This option is not available for PPPoA. If your ISP instructs you to change your device’s default MAC address, follow the instructions below: 1. From the Internet Access page, click Enable or disable MAC Spoofing here… The following page is displayed:
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 72 Figure 75: Internet Access: MAC Spoofing page 2. Select Enabled then click Next>. The following page is displayed: Figure 76: Internet Access: MAC Spoofing Setup page 3. The MAC address is made up of six pairs of characters. Each character can be either a number between 0 and 9, or a letter between A and F. For example, 00:20:2b:80:2f:30. Click in each box and type each character pair of the MAC address provided by your ISP. 4. Click Next>. The following page is displayed: Figure 77: Internet Access: MAC Spoofing Confirm This page confirms your MAC spoofing settings. If you are happy with these settings, click Confirm Changes. The Internet Access page is displayed, and your MAC spoofing configuration is complete. Editing your existing MAC spoofing settings If you want to change the spoof MAC address used by your device, follow the instructions in Enabling MAC spoofing on page 71, but replace the existing address with a new one at step 3.
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 73 If you do not want to use MAC spoofing, follow the instructions in Enabling MAC spoofing on page 71, but select Disabled at step 2. Configuring your DHCP DSL connection If your ISP uses a DHCP DSL connection, your ISP may tell you to set unique path and circuit numbers (called VPI and VCI) in order to connect your device to the ISP’s Internet service. In most cases, your device will use default settings, so you may not need to enter these values. Note Your ISP will provide you with the VPI/VCI values necessary to setup a DHCP DSL connection. 1. From the left-hand Setup menu, click on Internet Access. The following page is displayed: Figure 78: Internet Access page This page displays information about your current Internet access configuration. 2. Click on Change the Internet Access setting here… The following page is displayed: Figure 79: Internet Access: Types of Access page 3. Select DHCP then click Next>. The following page is displayed:
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 74 Figure 80: Internet Access: VPI and VCI Setup page 4. At this page, click on the VCI and VPI setting determined by your ISP: • Fixed (default) - click on this if your ISP tells you to use default VPI and VCI setting. This is the most common setup. • Manual – click on this if your ISP has provided you with specific VPI and VCI settings. Click Next>. At the next page, type the provided VPI and VCI settings in the relevant boxes. 5. Click Next>. The following page is displayed: Figure 81: Internet Access: Confirm page This page confirms your DHCP settings. If you selected the Manual option at step 4, the VPI and VCI values that you entered are also displayed on this page. 6. If you are happy with your settings, click Confirm Changes. The Internet Access page is displayed and your configuration is complete. Configuring your Internet Access manually If your ISP tells you to configure your Internet access manually, they must provide you with the following information: • The WAN IP address and subnet mask for your device • The Internet Gateway address • The primary and secondary DNS addresses Note You should only change the Internet Access details if your ISP asks you to, or if you are familiar with network configuration. In most cases, you will not need to make any changes to this configuration.
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 75 1. From the left-hand Setup menu, click on Internet Access. The following page is displayed: Figure 82: Internet Access page This page displays information about your current Internet access configuration. 2. Click on Change the Internet Access setting here… The following page is displayed: Figure 83: Internet Access: Types of Access page 3. Select Manual then click Next>. The following page is displayed: Figure 84: Internet Access: Manual Setup page 4. Click in each box and type the relevant address information provided by your ISP. Click Next>. The following page is displayed:
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 76 Figure 85: Internet Access: VPI and VCI Setup page 5. At this page, click on the VCI and VPI setting determined by your ISP: • Fixed (default) - click on this if your ISP tells you to use default VPI and VCI settings. This is the most common setup. • Manual – click on this if your ISP has provided you with specific VPI and VCI settings. Click Next>. At the next page, type the provided VPI and VCI settings in the relevant boxes. 6. Click Next>. The following page is displayed: Figure 86: Internet Access: Confirm page This page confirms the address settings that you have manually configured (the values displayed above are for example purposes only). If you selected the Manual option at step 5, the VPI and VCI values that you entered are also displayed on this page. 7. If you are happy with your settings, click Confirm Changes. The Internet Access page is displayed and your configuration is complete.
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 77 13 Password You can restrict access to your device’s web pages using password protection. With password protection enabled, users must enter a username and password before gaining access to the web pages. By default, password protection is enabled on your device, and the username and password set are as follows: Username: admin Password: admin For more information, see Accessing the Web pages on page 19. Setting your username and password Note Non-authorized users may try to guess your username and password. They will find it easier to guess the default username and password than to guess your own unique username and password. We recommend that you change the default username and password to your own unique settings. To set your own username and password: 1. From the left-hand Setup menu, click on Password. The following page is displayed: Figure 87: Password page This page displays the current status of password protection. 2. Click on Change Password settings here… The following page is displayed:
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 78 Figure 88: Password: Enable/Disable page 3. This page allows you to enable or disable password protection. Protection is already enabled by default. Click Next>. The following page is displayed: Figure 89: Password: Setup page 4. This page displays the current username and password settings. Type your own unique username and password in the relevant boxes. They can be any combination of letters or numbers with a maximum of 20 characters. The default setting uses admin for both the username and password. We recommend that you do not set the same character combination for both username and password. 5. Click Next>. The following page is displayed: Figure 90: Password: Confirm page 6. This page confirms that password protection is enabled and displays the username that will be required in order to access the web pages. If you are happy with these settings, click Confirm Changes. The Enter Network Password login box is displayed. You need to login to the web pages using your new username and password. For details of how to do this, see Accessing the Web pages on page 19.
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 79 Disabling password protection If you do not want to use password protection, follow the instructions in Setting your username and on page 77, and at step 3, select Disable, then click Next>.
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 80 14 Reset to Defaults This page allows you to reset your device to its default factory settings. The configuration settings of your device are stored in a configuration file. When you set up your device and access the web pages for the very first time, the configuration file contains a default factory configuration. This configuration has been set by Zoom Telephonics for you, and contains the basic settings that you can use without having to make extensive changes to the configuration. If you do make changes to the default configuration but then wish to revert back to the original factory configuration, you can do so by resetting the device to factory defaults. Resetting to Defaults Note If you reset your device to factory defaults, all previous configuration changes that you have made are overwritten by the factory default configuration. 1. From the left-hand Setup menu, click on Reset to Defaults. The following page is displayed: Figure 91: Reset to Defaults page 2. This page reminds you that resetting to factory defaults cannot be undone – any changes that you have made to the basic settings will be replaced. If you are happy with this, click in the Confirm box to tick it, then click Reset to Defaults. The following page is displayed: Figure 92: Resetting to Defaults…
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 81 This page confirms that the device is currently resetting to factory defaults. Once the reset is complete, the Current Status page is displayed. See Current Status on page 25. Note Resetting to defaults also resets the username and password to their default settings. If you previously changed the username and password by following the instructions in Password on page 77, the Enter Current Password login box will be displayed. Once you have entered the default settings (admin, admin) and clicked OK, the Current Status page is displayed.
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide Configuring your Computers 82 A Configuring your Computers This appendix provides instructions for configuring the Internet settings on your computers to work with the 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。. Configuring Ethernet PCs Before you begin By default, the 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 automatically assigns the required Internet settings to your PCs. You need only to configure the PCs to accept the information when it is assigned. Note In some cases, you may want to assign Internet information manually to some or all of your computers rather than allow the 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 to do so. See Assigning static Internet information to your PCs on page 88 for instructions. • If you have connected your LAN PCs via Ethernet to the 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。, follow the instructions that correspond to the operating system installed on your PC: • Windows® XP PCs on page 82 • Windows 2000 PCs on page 84 • Windows Me PCs on page 85 • Windows 95, 98 PCs on page 86 • Windows NT 4.0 workstations on page 86 • If you have connected a PC via the USB port, see Configuring a USB PC on page 89. • If you want to allow Wireless PCs to access your device, follow the instructions in Configuring Wireless PCs on page 96. Windows® XP PCs 1. In the Windows task bar, click the Start button, and then click Control Panel. 2. Double-click the Network Connections icon. 3. In the LAN or High-Speed Internet window, right-click on the icon corresponding to your network interface card (NIC) and select Properties. (Often, this icon is labeled Local Area Connection). The Local Area Connection dialog box is displayed with a list of currently installed network items.
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide Configuring your Computers 83 4. Ensure that the check box to the left of the item labeled Internet Protocol TCP/IP is checked and click Properties. 5. In the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties dialog box, click the radio button labeled Obtain an IP address automatically. Also click the radio button labeled Obtain DNS server address automatically. 6. Click OK twice to confirm your changes, and then close the Control Panel.
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide Configuring your Computers 84 Windows 2000 PCs First, check for the IP protocol and, if necessary, install it: 1. In the Windows task bar, click the Start button, point to Settings, and then click Control Panel. 2. Double-click the Network and Dial-up Connections icon. 3. In the Network and Dial-up Connections window, right-click the Local Area Connection icon, and then select Properties. The Local Area Connection Properties dialog box is displayed with a list of currently installed network components. If the list includes Internet Protocol (TCP/IP), then the protocol has already been enabled. Skip to step 10. 4. If Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) does not display as an installed component, click Install…. 5. In the Select Network Component Type dialog box, select Protocol, and then click Add…. 6. Select Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) in the Network Protocols list, and then click OK. You may be prompted to install files from your Windows 2000 installation CD or other media. Follow the instructions to install the files. 7. If prompted, click OK to restart your computer with the new settings. Next, configure the PCs to accept IP information assigned by the 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。: 8. In the Control Panel, double-click the Network and Dial-up Connections icon. 9. In Network and Dial-up Connections window, right-click the Local Area Connection icon, and then select Properties. 10. In the Local Area Connection Properties dialog box, select Internet Protocol (TCP/IP), and then click Properties. 11. In the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties dialog box, click the radio button labeled Obtain an IP address automatically. Also click the radio button labeled Obtain DNS server address automatically. 12. Click OK twice to confirm and save your changes, and then close the Control Panel.
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide Configuring your Computers 85 Windows Me PCs 1. In the Windows task bar, click the Start button, point to Settings, and then click Control Panel. 2. Double-click the Network and Dial-up Connections icon. 3. In the Network and Dial-up Connections window, right-click the Network icon, and then select Properties. The Network Properties dialog box displays with a list of currently installed network components. If the list includes Internet Protocol (TCP/IP), then the protocol has already been enabled. Skip to step 11. 4. If Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) does not display as an installed component, click Add…. 5. In the Select Network Component Type dialog box, select Protocol, and then click Add…. 6. Select Microsoft in the Manufacturers box. 7. Select Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) in the Network Protocols list, and then click OK. You may be prompted to install files from your Windows Me installation CD or other media. Follow the instructions to install the files. 8. If prompted, click OK to restart your computer with the new settings. Next, configure the PCs to accept IP information assigned by the 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。: 9. In the Control Panel, double-click the Network and Dial-up Connections icon. 10. In Network and Dial-up Connections window, right-click the Network icon, and then select Properties. 11. In the Network Properties dialog box, select TCP/IP, and then click Properties. 12. In the TCP/IP Settings dialog box, click the radio button labeled Server assigned IP address. Also click the radio button labeled Server assigned name server address. 13. Click OK twice to confirm and save your changes, and then close the Control Panel.
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide Configuring your Computers 86 Windows 95, 98 PCs First, check for the IP protocol and, if necessary, install it: 1. In the Windows task bar, click the Start button, point to Settings, and then click Control Panel. 2. Double-click the Network icon. The Network dialog box displays with a list of currently installed network components. If the list includes TCP/IP, and then the protocol has already been enabled. Skip to step 9. 3. If TCP/IP does not display as an installed component, click Add…. The Select Network Component Type dialog box displays. 4. Select Protocol, and then click Add…. The Select Network Protocol dialog box displays. 5. Click on Microsoft in the Manufacturers list box, and then click TCP/IP in the Network Protocols list box. 6. Click OK to return to the Network dialog box, and then click OK again. You may be prompted to install files from your Windows 95/98 installation CD. Follow the instructions to install the files. 7. Click OK to restart the PC and complete the TCP/IP installation. Next, configure the PCs to accept IP information assigned by the 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。: 8. Open the Control Panel window, and then click the Network icon. 9. Select the network component labeled TCP/IP, and then click Properties. If you have multiple TCP/IP listings, select the listing associated with your network card or adapter. 10. In the TCP/IP Properties dialog box, click the IP Address tab. 11. Click the radio button labeled Obtain an IP address automatically. 12. Click the DNS Configuration tab, and then click the radio button labeled Obtain an IP address automatically. 13. Click OK twice to confirm and save your changes. You will be prompted to restart Windows. 14. Click Yes. Windows NT 4.0 workstations First, check for the IP protocol and, if necessary, install it:
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide Configuring your Computers 87 1. In the Windows NT task bar, click the Start button, point to Settings, and then click Control Panel. 2. In the Control Panel window, double click the Network icon. 3. In the Network dialog box, click the Protocols tab. The Protocols tab displays a list of currently installed network protocols. If the list includes TCP/IP, then the protocol has already been enabled. Skip to step 9. 4. If TCP/IP does not display as an installed component, click Add…. 5. In the Select Network Protocol dialog box, select TCP/IP, and then click OK. You may be prompted to install files from your Windows NT installation CD or other media. Follow the instructions to install the files. After all files are installed, a window displays to inform you that a TCP/IP service called DHCP can be set up to dynamically assign IP information. 6. Click Yes to continue, and then click OK if prompted to restart your computer. Next, configure the PCs to accept IP information assigned by the 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。: 7. Open the Control Panel window, and then double-click the Network icon. 8. In the Network dialog box, click the Protocols tab. 9. In the Protocols tab, select TCP/IP, and then click Properties. 10. In the Microsoft TCP/IP Properties dialog box, click the radio button labeled Obtain an IP address from a DHCP server. 11. Click OK twice to confirm and save your changes, and then close the Control Panel.
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide Configuring your Computers 88 Assigning static Internet information to your PCs If you are like most users, you will not need to assign static Internet information to your LAN PCs. Your ISP automatically assigns this information. In some cases however, you may want to assign Internet information to some or all of your PCs directly (often called “statically”), rather than allowing the 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 to assign it. This option may be desirable (but not required) if: • You have obtained one or more public IP addresses that you want to always associate with specific computers (for example, if you are using a computer as a public web server). • You maintain different subnets on your LAN (subnets are described in Appendix B). Before you begin, be sure to have the following information on hand, or contact your ISP if you do not know it: • The IP address and subnet mask to be assigned to each PC to which you will be assigning static IP information. • The IP address of the default gateway for your LAN. In most cases, this is the address assigned to the LAN port on the 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。. By default, the LAN port is assigned this IP address: 192.168.1.1. (You can change this number, or another number can be assigned by your ISP. See Addressing on page 42 for more information.) • The IP address of your ISP’s Domain Name System (DNS) server. On each PC to which you want to assign static information, follow the instructions on pages 82 through 87 relating only to checking for and/or installing the IP protocol. Once it is installed, continue to follow the instructions for displaying each of the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) properties. Instead of enabling dynamic assignment of the IP addresses for the computer, DNS server and default gateway, click the radio buttons that enable you to enter the information manually. Note Your PCs must have IP addresses that place them in the same subnet as the 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。’s LAN port. If you manually assign IP information to all your LAN PCs, you can follow the instructions in Addressing on page 42 to change the LAN port IP address accordingly.
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide Configuring your Computers 89 Configuring a USB PC Connecting a computer to the USB port If you use the 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。’s USB port to connect to a PC, you must install the provided USB driver software on the PC. The driver enables Ethernet-over-USB communication with the 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。. Configuring the USB computer is a two-part process: • In Part 1, you install the USB driver on the PC. • If your computer is running Windows 2000, 98, 98 SE or ME, follow the instructions in Part 1A. • If your computer is running Windows XP, follow the instructions in Part 1B. • In Part 2, you configure the IP properties on the USB PC. Part 1. Installing the USB Driver Ensure that the USB cable is not connected to the USB port on the PC. The installation program will prompt you when to connect the cable. Follow the instructions in either Part 1A or Part 1B, depending on which version of Windows is running on your PC. Part 1A (Windows 2000, 98, 98 SE or ME) 1. Copy the USB installation files to a temporary directory on the USB computer. 2. In the folder where you copied the files, double-click on setup.exe to start the DSL Modem Setup Wizard. The Installing window displays as the Wizard prepares your system for the installation:
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide Configuring your Computers 90 Figure 93: USB Setup Wizard: Installing Window If a Microsoft digital signature dialog box displays, click Yes to continue. The installation program will begin copying the necessary installation files to the required locations. When complete, a window displays to prompt you to connect the USB cable to your computer. Figure 94: Prompt for USB Cable Plug-in 3. Plug the USB cable from the device into the USB port of the PC. The USB cable provided has a flat connector on one end (called Type A) and a square connector on the other (Type B). Connect the flat connector to your PC and the square connector to the 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。.
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide Configuring your Computers 91 To ADSL-Ethernet routerTo PC Figure 95: USB Cable Connectors If a Microsoft digital signature dialog box again displays, click Yes to continue. A window displays briefly, indicating that the system has found new hardware, and the Installing window displays as the installation finishes. You have now finished installing the driver. You do not need to restart your computer. Proceed to Part 2. Configuring IP properties on the USB PC on page 95. Part 1B (Windows 2000, 98, 98 SE or ME) 1. Copy the USB installation files to a temporary directory on the USB computer. 2. Copy the file grootusb.inf provided by Zoom Telephonics to a floppy disc or CD and insert the disc into the PC that you are connecting to the device. 3. Plug the USB cable from the device into the USB port of the PC. The PC will detect the newly-attached device and display the Found New Hardware Wizard dialog box:
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide Configuring your Computers 92 Figure 96: Windows XP Driver Installation 4. Click on Next>. The PC will search the disc for the driver configuration file. When this file is found, the PC will begin installing the drivers for the device: Figure 97: Windows XP driver ‘Remote Network Device found’ The following window is displayed warning that the device is not yet Windows XP compatible:
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide Configuring your Computers 93 Figure 98: Windows XP driver ‘Not XP compatible’ warning Click on Continue Anyway to proceed. 5. When the driver has been installed, the Found New Hardware Wizard confirms that the installation is complete for your device: Figure 99: Windows XP driver Hardware Wizard 6. Click on Finish. The toolbar will display the following message, confirming that the device has been installed correctly: New hardware installed and ready to use
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide Configuring your Computers 94 From the Windows XP Network Connections dialog box, the device is installed as a new LAN Device called Zoom Telephonics USB Remote NDIS Network Device. For example: Figure 100: Windows XP Device Properties for the installed device Replace this screen grab with one that displays your own Company name You have now finished installing the driver. You do not need to restart your computer. Proceed to Part 2. Configuring IP properties on the USB PC on page 95.
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide Configuring your Computers 95 Part 2. Configuring IP properties on the USB PC Now that the USB driver installation is complete, you must configure the USB PC so that its IP properties place it in the same subnet as the 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。’s USB port. There are two ways to do this: • The 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 is configured to assign an appropriate IP address to the USB PC. If you want to use this automatic assignment feature, called “DHCP server,” you must configure the USB PC to accept dynamically assigned IP information. Follow the instruction on pages 82 through 87 that correspond to the operating system installed on your PC. • If you want to assign a static IP address to the PC, follow the instructions on page 88 and use the following information: • In the Network and Dial-up Connections window, be sure to select the icon that corresponds to your new USB connection (not the one that corresponds to your Ethernet NIC). When you display properties for the icon, the following text should display in the Connect Using text box: Conexant USB IAD LAN Modem #n • The USB port on the 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 is preconfigured with these properties: USB port IP address: 192.168.1.1 USB port subnet mask: 255.255.255.0 Therefore, your PC must be configured as follows: IP address: 192.168.1.n where n is a number from 2 to 254 that does not conflict with the DHCP address range. Subnet mask: 255.255.255.0
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide Configuring your Computers 96 Configuring Wireless PCs You need to configure the operating system installed on your Wireless PCs using the same procedure described for Configuring Ethernet PCs on page 82. Positioning the wireless PCs The wireless network cards used determine the maximum distance between your wireless PCs and your device. Guidelines on positioning the hardware components of your wireless network should be provided by your network card provider. Wireless PC cards and drivers Each PC on your wireless LAN must be fitted with a wireless access card. You must also install the corresponding driver files for your particular wireless card on your PC. You should receive driver files and instructions on how to install them together with your wireless card. Configuring PC access to your Wireless device Before you start configuring your Wireless PC, you must ensure that you have: • A Wireless access card for each of the PCs • Corresponding wireless access card driver software files The configuration steps below will vary depending on both the operating system and wireless card installed on the PC. These steps provide a basic outline, however you should refer to the documentation provided with your wireless access card for specific instructions. To configure your Wireless PCs: 1. Install the wireless access card. 2. Install the wireless driver software files. 3. Configure the following wireless parameters on each of the wireless PCs: a. Set the adapter to use infrastructure mode. This configures the PCs to access each other and the Internet via the device. b. Configure the SSID and channel to match the SSID and channel previously configured on the device (see Set the Wireless Network Name on page 46 and Select a Channel on page 47). c. If you are using Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) security, configure the same network key that was previously configured on the device (see Configuring 64bit or 128bit encryption on page 49). If you are using Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) security, configure the
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide Configuring your Computers 97 same pass phrase that was previously configured on the device (see Configuring WPA security on page 50). Note that these values must correspond with the settings on your device. Your wireless network can now communicate with the Internet via the device.
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide IP Addresses, Network Masks, and Subnets 99 B IP Addresses, Network Masks, and Subnets IP Addresses Note This section refers only to IP addresses for IPv4 (version 4 of the Internet Protocol). IPv6 addresses are not covered. This section assumes basic knowledge of binary numbers, bits, and bytes. IP addresses, the Internet's version of telephone numbers, are used to identify individual nodes (computers or devices) on the Internet. Every IP address contains four numbers, each from 0 to 255 and separated by dots (periods), e.g. 20.56.0.211. These numbers are called, from left to right, field1, field2, field3, and field4. This style of writing IP addresses as decimal numbers separated by dots is called dotted decimal notation. The IP address 20.56.0.211 is read "twenty dot fifty-six dot zero dot two-eleven." Structure of an IP address IP addresses have a hierarchical design similar to that of telephone numbers. For example, a 7-digit telephone number starts with a 3-digit prefix that identifies a group of thousands of telephone lines, and ends with four digits that identify one specific line in that group. Similarly, IP addresses contain two kinds of information: • Network ID Identifies a particular network within the Internet or intranet • Host ID Identifies a particular computer or device on the network The first part of every IP address contains the network ID, and the rest of the address contains the host ID. The length of the network ID depends on the network's class (see following section). The table below shows the structure of an IP address. Field1 Field2 Field3 Field4 Class A Network ID Host ID Class B Network ID Host ID Class C Network ID Host ID Here are some examples of valid IP addresses: Class A: 10.30.6.125 (network = 10, host = 30.6.125) Class B: 129.88.16.49 (network = 129.88, host = 16.49) Class C: 192.60.201.11 (network = 192.60.201, host = 11)
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide IP Addresses, Network Masks, and Subnets 100 Network classes The three commonly used network classes are A, B, and C. (There is also a class D but it has a special use beyond the scope of this discussion.) These classes have different uses and characteristics. Class A networks are the Internet's largest networks, each with room for over 16 million hosts. Up to 126 of these huge networks can exist, for a total of over 2 billion hosts. Because of their huge size, these networks are used for WANs and by organizations at the infrastructure level of the Internet, such as your ISP. Class B networks are smaller but still quite large, each able to hold over 65,000 hosts. There can be up to 16,384 class B networks in existence. A class B network might be appropriate for a large organization such as a business or government agency. Class C networks are the smallest, only able to hold 254 hosts at most, but the total possible number of class C networks exceeds 2 million (2,097,152 to be exact). LANs connected to the Internet are usually class C networks. Some important notes regarding IP addresses: • The class can be determined easily from field1: field1 = 1-126: Class A field1 = 128-191: Class B field1 = 192-223: Class C (field1 values not shown are reserved for special uses) • A host ID can have any value except all fields set to 0 or all fields set to 255, as those values are reserved for special uses. Subnet masks Definition mask A mask looks like a regular IP address, but contains a pattern of bits that tells what parts of an IP address are the network ID and what parts are the host ID: bits set to 1 mean "this bit is part of the network ID" and bits set to 0 mean "this bit is part of the host ID." Subnet masks are used to define subnets (what you get after dividing a network into smaller pieces). A subnet's network ID is created by "borrowing" one or more bits from the host ID portion of the address. The subnet mask identifies these host ID bits. For example, consider a class C network 192.168.1. To split this into two subnets, you would use the subnet mask: 255.255.255.128 It's easier to see what's happening if we write this in binary: 11111111. 11111111. 11111111.10000000 As with any class C address, all of the bits in field1 through field3 are part of the network ID, but note how the mask specifies that the first bit in field4 is also included. Since this extra bit has only two
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide IP Addresses, Network Masks, and Subnets 101 values (0 and 1), this means there are two subnets. Each subnet uses the remaining 7 bits in field4 for its host IDs, which range from 1 to 126 hosts (instead of the usual 0 to 255 for a class C address). Similarly, to split a class C network into four subnets, the mask is: 255.255.255.192 or 11111111. 11111111. 11111111.11000000 The two extra bits in field4 can have four values (00, 01, 10, 11), so there are four subnets. Each subnet uses the remaining six bits in field4 for its host IDs, ranging from 1 to 62. Note Sometimes a subnet mask does not specify any additional network ID bits, and thus no subnets. Such a mask is called a default subnet mask. These masks are: Class A: 255.0.0.0 Class B: 255.255.0.0 Class C: 255.255.255.0 These are called default because they are used when a network is initially configured, at which time it has no subnets.
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide Troubleshooting 102 C Troubleshooting This appendix suggests solutions for problems you may encounter in installing or using the 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。, and provides instructions for using several IP utilities to diagnose problems. Contact Customer Support if these suggestions do not resolve the problem. Troubleshooting Suggestions Problem Troubleshooting Suggestion LEDs Power LED does not illuminate after product is turned on. Verify that you are using the power cable provided with the device and that it is securely connected to the 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 and a wall socket/power strip. Internet LED does not illuminate after phone cable is attached. Verify that a standard telephone cable (called an RJ-11 cable) like the one provided is securely connected to the DSL port and your wall phone port. Allow about 30 seconds for the device to negotiate a connection with your ISP. LINK LAN LED does not illuminate after Ethernet cable is attached. Verify that the Ethernet cable is securely connected to your LAN hub or PC and to the 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。. Make sure the PC and/or hub is turned on. Verify that you are using a straight-through type Ethernet cable to the uplink port on a hub or a cross-over type cable to a stand-alone PC. If you connected the device to an ordinary hub port (not Uplink), you must use a straight-through cable. (To check: hold the connectors at each end of the cable side-by-side with the plastic spring facing down. Looking at the wires from left to right, if the first, second, third, and sixth wires are the same color on the two connectors, then it is a straight-through type. On a cross-over type, wire 1 on one connector should be the same color as wire 3 on the other. The same is true of wires 2 and 6.) Verify that your cable is sufficient for your network requirements. A 100 Mbit/sec network (10BaseTx) should use cables labeled CAT 5. A 10Mbit/sec network may tolerate lower quality cables. Internet Access My PC cannot access Internet Run a health check on your device. See Health Check on page 32. Use the ping utility, discussed in the following section, to check whether your PC can communicate with the device’s LAN IP address (by default 192.168.1.1). If it cannot, check the Ethernet cabling. If you statically assigned a private IP address to the computer, (not a registered public address), verify the following: • Check that the gateway IP address on the computer is your public IP address (see Current Status on page 10 for instructions on viewing the IP information.) If it is not, correct the address or configure the PC to
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide Troubleshooting 103 Problem Troubleshooting Suggestion receive IP information automatically. • Verify with your ISP that the DNS server specified for the PC is valid. Correct the address or configure the PC to receive this information automatically. My LAN PCs cannot display web pages on the Internet. Verify that the DNS server IP address specified on the PCs is correct for your ISP, as discussed in the item above. If you specified that the DNS server be assigned dynamically from a server, then verify with your ISP that the address configured on the 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 is correct, then You can use the ping utility, discussed on page 104, to test connectivity with your ISP’s DNS server. Web pages I forgot/lost my user ID or password. If you have not changed the password from the default, try using “admin” as both the user ID and password. Otherwise, you can reset the device to the default configuration by pressing the Reset Default button on the front panel of the device (see Front Panel on page 14). Then, type the default User ID and password shown above. WARNING: Resetting the device removes any custom settings and returns all settings to their default values. I cannot access the web pages from my browser. Use the ping utility, discussed in the following section, to check whether your PC can communicate with the device’s LAN IP address (by default 192.168.1.1). If it cannot, check the Ethernet cabling. Verify that you are using Internet Explorer v4.0 or later, or Netscape Navigator v4.61 or later. Verify that the PC’s IP address is defined as being on the same subnet as the IP address assigned to the LAN port on the 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。. My changes to the web pages are not being retained. Be sure to use the Confirm Changes function after any changes.
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide Troubleshooting 104 Diagnosing Problem using IP Utilities ping Ping is a command you can use to check whether your PC can recognize other computers on your network and the Internet. A ping command sends a message to the computer you specify. If the computer receives the message, it sends messages in reply. To use it, you must know the IP address of the computer with which you are trying to communicate. On Windows-based computers, you can execute a ping command from the Start menu. Click the Start button, and then click Run. In the Open text box, type a statement such as the following: ping 192.168.1.1 Click OK. You can substitute any private IP address on your LAN or a public IP address for an Internet site, if known. If the target computer receives the message, a Command Prompt window is displayed: Figure 101: Using the ping Utility If the target computer cannot be located, you will receive the message Request timed out. Using the ping command, you can test whether the path to the 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 is working (using the preconfigured default LAN IP address 192.168.1.1) or another address you assigned. You can also test whether access to the Internet is working by typing an external address, such as that for www.yahoo.com (216.115.108.243). If you do not know the IP address of a particular Internet location, you can use the nslookup command, as explained in the following section. From most other IP-enabled operating systems, you can execute the same command at a command prompt or through a system administration utility. nslookup You can use the nslookup command to determine the IP address associated with an Internet site name. You specify the common
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide Troubleshooting 105 name, and the nslookup command looks up the name in on your DNS server (usually located with your ISP). If that name is not an entry in your ISP’s DNS table, the request is then referred to another higher-level server, and so on, until the entry is found. The server then returns the associated IP address. On Windows-based computers, you can execute the nslookup command from the Start menu. Click the Start button, and then click Run. In the Open text box, type the following: Nslookup Click OK. A Command Prompt window displays with a bracket prompt (>). At the prompt, type the name of the Internet address that you are interested in, such as www.microsoft.com. The window will display the associate IP address, if known, as shown below: Figure 102: Using the nslookup Utility There may be several addresses associated with an Internet name. This is common for web sites that receive heavy traffic; they use multiple, redundant servers to carry the same information. To exit from the nslookup utility, type exit and press [Enter] at the command prompt.
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide Advanced DSL port attributes 106 D Advanced DSL port attributes The following table displays detailed information about the advanced DSL port attributes. These attributes are displayed on the Port A1 Advanced Configuration page (part 1) and Port A1 Advanced Configuration page (part 2). Note You should only need to refer to these attributes if your ISP has asked you to check something or if you are experienced in DSL port configuration. Attribute Value Default DSP Firmware Version DSP code version number N/A DSP Version DSL driver version number N/A Connected Current connected state: True – modem is connected to a remote modem False – modem is not connected to a remote modem False Operational Mode Current operating (connected) mode (modulation) Inactive State Current state of the device: Idle – not connected or attempting to connect HandShake – connecting/hunting for remote modem Training – connecting/found a remote modem Showtime – connected to remote modem N/A Watchdog Watchdog timer which confirms that the DSP is executing a program correctly N/A Operation Progress Detailed startup information to be used for debugging N/A Last Failed This value is reset to 0 each time a startup is attempted. If there is a failure, it indicates the reason for the failure. N/A Tx Bit Rate Transmit rate (bits per second) of the device N/A Rx Bit Rate Receive rate (bits per second) of the device N/A Tx Cell Rate Transmit rate (cells per second) of the device N/A Rx Cell Rate Receive rate (cells per second) of the device N/A Phy TXCell Count Transmit ATM cell counter N/A Phy RXCell Count Receive ATM cell counter N/A Phy Cell Drop Count UTOPIA cell drop counter N/A Overall Failure Indicates the cause of failure N/A Local ITUCountry Code Country code used by the device (modulation specific) N/A Local SEF Number of severely errored frame defects received by the device N/A Local End LOS Number of loss of signal defects received by the device N/A Local SNRMargin The local Signal to Noise Ration margin N/A Local Line Attn The local attenuation values N/A Local Tx Power Current transmit power attenuation of the device N/A
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide Advanced DSL port attributes 107 Attribute Value Default Local Fast Channel Rx Rate Receive rate (bits per second) of the device on the fast path N/A Local Fast Channel Tx Rate Transmit rate (bits per second) of the device on the fast path N/A Local Fast Channel FEC Instances of Forward Error Correction required by the device on the fast channel N/A Local Fast Channel CRC Number of CRC errors received by the device on the fast channel N/A Local Fast Channel HEC Number of ATM Cell Header errors corrected by the device on the fast channel N/A Local Fast Channel NCD Number of no cell delineation received by the device on the fast channel N/A Local Fast Channel OCD Number of out of cell delineation received by the device on the fast channel N/A Local Interleaved Channel Rx Rate Receive rate (bits per second) of the device on the interleaved path N/A Local Interleaved Channel Tx Rate Transmit rate (bits per second) of the device on the interleaved path N/A Local Interleaved Channel FEC Instances of Forward Error Correction required by the device on the interleaved channel N/A Local Interleaved Channel CRC Number of CRC errors received by the device on the interleaved channel N/A Local Interleaved Channel HEC Number of ATM Cell Header errors corrected by the device on the interleaved channel N/A Local Interleaved Channel NCD Number of no cell delineation received by the device on the interleaved channel N/A Local Interleaved Channel OCD Number of out of cell delineation received by the device on the interleaved channel N/A Remote SEF Number of severely errored frame defects received by the device N/A Remote LOS Number of loss of signal defects received by the device N/A Remote Line Attn The remote attenuation values N/A Remote SNRMargin The remote Signal to Noise Ration margin N/A Remote Fast Channel FEC Instances of Forward Error Correction required by the device on the fast channel N/A Remote Fast Channel CRC Number of CRC errors received by the device on the fast channel N/A Remote Fast Channel HEC Number of ATM Cell Header errors corrected by the device on the fast channel N/A Remote Fast Channel NCD Number of no cell delineation received by the device on the fast channel N/A Remote Interleaved Channel FEC Instances of Forward Error Correction required by the device on the interleaved channel N/A Remote Interleaved Channel CRC Number of CRC errors received by the device on the interleaved channel N/A Remote Interleaved Channel HEC Number of ATM Cell Header errors corrected by the device on the interleaved channel N/A Remote Interleaved Channel NCD Number of no cell delineation received by the device on the interleaved channel N/A
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide Advanced DSL port attributes 108 Attribute Value Default Activate Line Abort – deactivates the DSL link None – signifies that this parameter has been read Start – activates the DSL link None Host Control Disable – terminates any host/API interaction with the DSP (for testing purposes) Enable – enables host/API interaction with the DSP Enable Auto Start “True” - A Connection will be established at power up. “False” - The modem will remain in Idle mode at power up. True Failsafe True – a failsafe timer is activated when a startup request is made. Once a connection has been established, the failsafe timer is disabled False – a failsafe timer is not activated when a startup request is made True PSMode Possible Values: “Inner” : Inner Pair Selected “Outer” : Outer Pair Selected This attribute is only present if Pair switching is enabled. Inner Whip Possible Values if compiled for Whip Serial: Serial or Inactive Possible Values if compiled for Whip TCP: TCP or Inactive Possible Values if compiled for Whip Serial/TCP: Serial, TCP or Inactive Inactive Whip Active Indicated state of whip. Possible values are Inactive, SerialActive and TCPActive Inactive Action An action given when ActivateLine is set to Start. Possible values are Startup, SpectrumReverb, SpectrumMedely or SpectrumPilot Startup Standard Indicates the preferred standard compliance. Multimode indicates that the device automatically detects the other end as one of the supported standards. Multimode Utopia Interface Level1 – Utopia Level 1 internal framing is used with the DSP Level2 – Utopia Level 2 internal framing is used with the DSP Level1 EC FDM Mode EC – enables Echo Cancellation. This setting is necessary if your device is connected to a high speed CO. FDM – enables Frequency Division Multiplexing EC Max Bits Per Bin The maximum number of bits per bin. This can be any value between 1 and 15 15 Tx Start Bin A value that indicates the lowest bin number allowed for transmit signal 6 Tx End Bin A value that indicates the highest bin number allowed for transmit signal 31 Rx Start Bin A value that indicates the lowest bin number allowed for receive signal 6
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide Advanced DSL port attributes 109 Attribute Value Default Rx End Bin A value that indicates the highest bin number allowed for receive signal 255 Rx Auto Bin Adjust Disable – the bin settings configured as the RxStartBin/RxEndBin parameters are used Enable – DSP automatically adjusts the bin selection for receive signal Enable Tx Attenuation A value between 0dB and 12dB that indicates the transmit power attenuation 0 Bit Swap Disable – disables the adjustment of the number of bits assigned to a subcarrier without interrupting data flow Enable – enables the adjustment off the number of bits assigned to a subcarrier without interrupting data flow Enable Annex Type AnnexA – sets AnnexA as the Annex compliance of the code release G.Span – sets G.Span as the Annex compliance of the code release AnnexA Max Down Rate A value that sets the maximum downstream rate for those applications where it is necessary to limit the downstream data rate 4095 Physical Port A value between 0 and 14 that sets the Utopia Level 2 Utopia address 0 Retrain Disable – disables full retrain capability Enable – enables full retrain capability Enable Detect Noise Enables/disables noise detection (only valid for Annex AHS) N/A
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide Advanced DSL port attributes 110 Attribute Value Default Capability This parameter controls whether the CPE will attempt to startup using alternate standards if the CO does not support G.Span (High Speed (HS)). The CPE has the ability to connect in either ADSL Annex A or G.Span. This is provided by the ADSL/Annex A /G.Span Auto Detect feature. The standard used depends on the capability of the CO. Using Auto Detect, startup at the CPE is first attempted in Annex A. The CO is the master and the CPE is the slave. If the result of handshake with the CO is G.Span (HS), then the CPE will switch to G.Span. If the CO does not support G.Span, then the resultant connection will be ADSL Annex A. This parameter must be set to AHS to configure the modem for A & HS ‘two-speed’ Auto Detect. For Auto Detect, all other parameters should be set to the Annex A profile. If UTOPIA Level 2 framing is set (using the UtopiaInterface parameter), ensure that the UTOPIA address is set (using the PhysicalPort parameter) as there is no default value. If the result of handshake with the CO is G.Span (HS), then the CPE will switch to G.Span and the appropriate CPE parameters will be automatically re-configured by the DSP for G.Span operation. A: Annex A capable AHS: Annex A or High Speed capable Disable: the device does not send any standards capability information to the CO. Disable Coding Gain The gain due to trellis/RS coding. Its value ranges from 0-7 dB. Auto automatically selects the coding gain. auto Framer Type Value can be set to Type 0 – 3 or Type3ET. To enable DataBoost set FramerType to Type3ET Type3 Dying Gasp Enables/disables dying gasp. Enable Defaults Sets the recommended default parameters for a given Standard. None Reset Defaults Reset device to use default port configuration False
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide Glossary 111 E Glossary 802.11 A family of specifications for wireless LANs developed by a working group of the IEEE. This device uses the 802.11b specification. This in an Ethernet protocol, often called Wi-Fi. 10BASE-T A designation for the type of wiring used by Ethernet networks with a data rate of 10 Mbps. Also known as Category 3 (CAT 3) wiring. See also data rate, Ethernet. 100BASE-T A designation for the type of wiring used by Ethernet networks with a data rate of 100 Mbps. Also known as Category 5 (CAT 5) wiring. See also data rate, Ethernet. ADSL Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line The most commonly deployed "flavor" of DSL for home users is asymmetrical DSL. The term asymmetrical refers to its unequal data rates for downloading and uploading (the download rate is higher than the upload rate). The asymmetrical rates benefit home users because they typically download much more data from the Internet than they upload. analog An analog signal is a signal that has had its frequency modified in some way, such as by amplifying its strength or varying its frequency, in order to add information to the signal. The voice component in DSL is an analog signal. See also digital. ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode A standard for high-speed transmission of data, text, voice, and video, widely used within the Internet. ATM data rates range from 45 Mbps to 2.5 Gbps. See also data rate. authenticate To verify a user’s identity, such as by prompting for a password. binary The "base two" system of numbers, that uses only two digits, 0 and 1, to represent all numbers. In binary, the number 1 is written as 1, 2 as 10, 3 as 11, 4 as 100, etc. Although expressed as decimal numbers for convenience, IP addresses in actual use are binary numbers; e.g., the IP address 209.191.4.240 is 11010001.10111111.00000100.11110000 in binary. See also bit, IP address, network mask. bit Short for "binary digit," a bit is a number that can have two values, 0 or 1. See also binary. bps bits per second bridging Passing data from your network to your ISP and vice versa using the hardware addresses of the devices at each location. Bridging contrasts with routing, which can add more intelligence to data transfers by using network addresses instead. The 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 can perform both routing and bridging. Typically, when both functions are enabled, the device routes IP data and bridges all other types of data. See also routing.
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide Glossary 112 broadband A telecommunications technology that can send different types of data over the same medium. DSL is a broadband technology. broadcast To send data to all computers on a network. channel The channel number determines which channel frequency is used by the device to pass wireless traffic to wireless PCs. The channels available depend on which country the wireless network is operating in. Your ISP provides details of the channel(s) you should use. DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP automates address assignment and management. When a computer connects to the LAN, DHCP assigns it an IP address from a shared pool of IP addresses; after a specified time limit, DHCP returns the address to the pool. DHCP relay Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol relay A DHCP relay is a computer that forwards DHCP data between computers that request IP addresses and the DHCP server that assigns the addresses. Each of the 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。's interfaces can be configured as a DHCP relay. See DHCP. DHCP server Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol server A DHCP server is a computer that is responsible for assigning IP addresses to the computers on a LAN. See DHCP. digital Of data, having a form based on discrete values expressed as binary numbers (0's and 1's). The data component in DSL is a digital signal. See also analog. DNS Domain Name System The DNS maps domain names into IP addresses. DNS information is distributed hierarchically throughout the Internet among computers called DNS servers. For example, www.yahoo.com is the domain name associated with IP address 216.115.108.243. When you start to access a web site, a DNS server looks up the requested domain name to find its corresponding IP address. If the DNS server cannot find the IP address, it communicates with higher-level DNS servers to determine the IP address. See also domain name. domain name A domain name is a user-friendly name used in place of its associated IP address. Domain names must be unique; their assignment is controlled by the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN). Domain names are a key element of URLs, which identify a specific file at a web site. See also DNS. download To transfer data in the downstream direction, i.e., from the Internet to the user. DSL Digital Subscriber Line A technology that allows both digital data and analog voice signals to travel over existing copper telephone lines. encryption keys See network keys
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide Glossary 113 Ethernet The most commonly installed computer network technology, usually using twisted pair wiring. Ethernet data rates are 10 Mbps and 100 Mbps. See also 10BASE-T, 100BASE-T, twisted pair. FTP File Transfer Protocol A program used to transfer files between computers connected to the Internet. Common uses include uploading new or updated files to a web server, and downloading files from a web server. Gbps Abbreviation for Gigabits (“GIG-uh-bits”) per second, or one billion bits per second. Internet data rates are often expressed in Gbps. host A device (usually a computer) connected to a network. HTTP Hyper-Text Transfer Protocol HTTP is the main protocol used to transfer data from web sites so that it can be displayed by web browsers. See also web browser, web site. Hub A hub is a place of convergence where data arrives from one or more directions and is forwarded out in one or more directions. It usually includes a switch of some kind. It connects an Ethernet bridge/router to a group of PCs on a LAN and allows communication to pass between the networked devices. ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol An Internet protocol used to report errors and other network-related information. The ping command makes use of ICMP. IEEE The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers is a technical professional society that fosters the development of standards that often become national and international standards. Internet The global collection of interconnected networks used for both private and business communications. intranet A private, company-internal network that looks like part of the Internet (users access information using web browsers), but is accessible only by employees. IP See TCP/IP. IP address Internet Protocol address The address of a host (computer) on the Internet, consisting of four numbers, each from 0 to 255, separated by periods, e.g., 209.191.4.240. An IP address consists of a network ID that identifies the particular network the host belongs to, and a host ID uniquely identifying the host itself on that network. A network mask is used to define the network ID and the host ID. Because IP addresses are difficult to remember, they usually have an associated domain name that can be specified instead. See also domain name, network mask.
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide Glossary 114 ISP Internet Service Provider A company that provides Internet access to its customers, usually for a fee. LAN Local Area Network A network limited to a small geographic area, such as a home, office, or small building. LED Light Emitting Diode An electronic light-emitting device. The indicator lights on the front of the 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 are LEDs. MAC address Media Access Control address The permanent hardware address of a device, assigned by its manufacturer. MAC addresses are expressed as six pairs of hex characters, with each pair separated by colons. For example; NN:NN:NN:NN:NN:NN. mask See network mask. Mbps Abbreviation for Megabits per second, or one million bits per second. Network data rates are often expressed in Mbps. NAT Network Address Translation A service performed by many routers that translates your network’s publicly known IP address into a private IP address for each computer on your LAN. Only your router and your LAN know these addresses; the outside world sees only the public IP address when talking to a computer on your LAN. network A group of computers that are connected together, allowing them to communicate with each other and share resources, such as software, files, etc. A network can be small, such as a LAN, or very large, such as the Internet. network keys (also known as encryption keys) 64-bit and 128-bit encryption keys used in WEP wireless security schemes. The keys encrypt data over the WLAN, and only wireless PCs configured with WEP keys that correspond to the keys configured on the device can send/receive encrypted data. network mask A network mask is a sequence of bits applied to an IP address to select the network ID while ignoring the host ID. Bits set to 1 mean "select this bit" while bits set to 0 mean "ignore this bit." For example, if the network mask 255.255.255.0 is applied to the IP address 100.10.50.1, the network ID is 100.10.50, and the host ID is 1. See also binary, IP address, subnet, "IP Addresses Explained" section. NIC Network Interface Card An adapter card that plugs into your computer and provides the physical interface to your network cabling, which for Ethernet NICs is typically an RJ-45 connector. See Ethernet, RJ-45. packet Data transmitted on a network consists of units called packets. Each packet contains a payload (the data), plus overhead
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide Glossary 115 information such as where it came from (source address) and where it should go (destination address). pass phrase A secret password used in WPA wireless data encryption. Encryption is based on a WPA master key that is derived from the pass phrase and the network name (SSID) of the device. The pass phrase should be at least 20 characters long in order to deter a hacker attempting to crack the pass phrase by recording a series of frames then trying commonly used passwords offline until one works (known as offline PSK dictionary attacks). ping Packet Internet (or Inter-Network) Groper A program used to verify whether the host associated with an IP address is online. It can also be used to reveal the IP address for a given domain name. port A physical access point to a device such as a computer or router, through which data flows into and out of the device. PPP Point-to-Point Protocol A protocol for serial data transmission that is used to carry IP (and other protocol) data between your ISP and your computer. The WAN interface on the 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 uses two forms of PPP called PPPoA and PPPoE. See also PPPoA, PPPoE. PPPoA Point-to-Point Protocol over ATM One of the two types of PPP interfaces you can define for a Virtual Circuit (VC), the other type being PPPoE. You can define only one PPPoA interface per VC. PPPoE Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet One of the two types of PPP interfaces you can define for a Virtual Circuit (VC), the other type being PPPoA. You can define one or more PPPoE interfaces per VC. protocol A set of rules governing the transmission of data. In order for a data transmission to work, both ends of the connection have to follow the rules of the protocol. remote In a physically separate location. For example, an employee away on travel who logs in to the company’s intranet is a remote user. RIP Routing Information Protocol The original TCP/IP routing protocol. There are two versions of RIP: version I and version II. RJ-11 Registered Jack Standard-11 The standard plug used to connect telephones, fax machines, modems, etc. to a telephone port. It is a 6-pin connector usually containing four wires. RJ-45 Registered Jack Standard-45 The 8-pin plug used in transmitting data over phone lines. Ethernet cabling usually uses this type of connector.
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide Glossary 116 routing Forwarding data between your network and the Internet on the most efficient route, based on the data’s destination IP address and current network conditions. A device that performs routing is called a router. SDNS Secondary Domain Name System (server) A DNS server that can be used if the primary DSN server is not available. See DNS. SSID Service Set Identifier (also known as the Extended Service Set Identifier (ESSID)) is a unique identifier that differentiates one wireless device from another. Wireless PCs configured with the same SSID can access that device. subnet A subnet is a portion of a network. The subnet is distinguished from the larger network by a subnet mask that selects some of the computers of the network and excludes all others. The subnet's computers remain physically connected to the rest of the parent network, but they are treated as though they were on a separate network. See also network mask. subnet mask A mask that defines a subnet. See also network mask. TCP See TCP/IP. TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol The basic protocols used on the Internet. TCP is responsible for dividing data up into packets for delivery and reassembling them at the destination, while IP is responsible for delivering the packets from source to destination. When TCP and IP are bundled with higher-level applications such as HTTP, FTP, Telnet, etc., TCP/IP refers to this whole suite of protocols. Telnet An interactive, character-based program used to access a remote computer. While HTTP (the web protocol) and FTP only allow you to download files from a remote computer, Telnet allows you to log into and use a computer from a remote location. TFTP Trivial File Transfer Protocol A protocol for file transfers, TFTP is easier to use than File Transfer Protocol (FTP) but not as capable or secure. TKIP Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP) provides WPA with a data encryption function. It ensures that a unique master key is generated for each packet, supports message integrity and sequencing rules and supports re-keying mechanisms. triggers Triggers are used to deal with application protocols that create separate sessions. Some applications, such as NetMeeting, open secondary connections during normal operations, for example, a connection to a server is established using one port, but data transfers are performed on a separate connection. A trigger tells the device to expect these secondary sessions and how to handle them. Once you set a trigger, the embedded IP address of each incoming packet is replaced by the correct host address so that NAT can translate packets to the correct destination. You can specify
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide Glossary 117 whether you want to carry out address replacement, and if so, whether to replace addresses on TCP packets only, UDP packets only, or both. twisted pair The ordinary copper telephone wiring long used by telephone companies. It contains one or more wire pairs twisted together to reduce inductance and noise. Each telephone line uses one pair. In homes, it is most often installed with two pairs. For Ethernet LANs, a higher grade called Category 3 (CAT 3) is used for 10BASE-T networks, and an even higher grade called Category 5 (CAT 5) is used for 100BASE-T networks. See also 10BASE-T, 100BASE-T, Ethernet. unnumbered interfaces An unnumbered interface is an IP interface that does not have a local subnet associated with it. Instead, it uses a router-id that serves as the source and destination address of packets sent to and from the router. Unlike the IP address of a normal interface, the router-id of an unnumbered interface is allowed to be the same as the IP address of another interface. For example, the WAN unnumbered interface of your device uses the same IP address of the LAN interface (192.168.1.1). The unnumbered interface is temporary – PPP or DHCP will assign a ‘real’ IP address automatically. upstream The direction of data transmission from the user to the Internet. USB Universal Serial Bus A serial interface that lets you connect devices such as printers, scanners, etc. to your computer by simply plugging them in. The 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 is equipped with a USB interface for connecting to a stand-alone PC. VC Virtual Circuit A connection from your DSL router to your ISP. VCI Virtual Circuit Identifier Together with the Virtual Path Identifier (VPI), the VCI uniquely identifies a VC. Your ISP will tell you the VCI for each VC they provide. See also VC. VPI Virtual Path Identifier Together with the Virtual Circuit Identifier (VCI), the VPI uniquely identifies a VC. Your ISP will tell you the VPI for each VC they provide. See also VC. WAN Wide Area Network Any network spread over a large geographical area, such as a country or continent. With respect to the 錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。, WAN refers to the Internet. Web browser A software program that uses Hyper-Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP) to download information from (and upload to) web sites, and displays the information, which may consist of text, graphic images, audio, or video, to the user. Web browsers use Hyper-
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide Glossary 118 Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP). Popular web browsers include Netscape Navigator and Microsoft Internet Explorer. See also HTTP, web site, WWW. Web page A web site file typically containing text, graphics and hyperlinks (cross-references) to the other pages on that web site, as well as to pages on other web sites. When a user accesses a web site, the first page that is displayed is called the home page. See also hyperlink, web site. Web site A computer on the Internet that distributes information to (and gets information from) remote users through web browsers. A web site typically consists of web pages that contain text, graphics, and hyperlinks. See also hyperlink, web page. WEP Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) encrypts data over WLANs. Data is encrypted into blocks of either 64 bits length or 128 bits length. The encrypted data can only be sent and received by users with access to a private network key. Each PC on your wireless network must be manually configured with the same key as your device in order to allow wireless encrypted data transmissions. Eavesdroppers cannot access your network if they do not know your private key. WEP is considered to be a low security option. Wireless Wireless is a term used to describe telecommunications in which electromagnetic waves (rather than some form of wire) carry the signal over part or all of the communication path. See also wireless LAN. Wireless LAN A wireless LAN (WLAN) is one in which a mobile user can connect to a local area network (LAN) through a wireless (radio) connection. A standard, IEEE 802.11, specifies the technologies for wireless LANs. WPA Wi-Fi Protected Access WPA is an initiative by the IEEE and Wi-Fi Alliance to address the security limitations of WEP. WPA provides a stronger data encryption method (called Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP)). It runs in a special, easy-to-set-up home mode called Pre-Shared Key (PSK) that allows you to manually enter a pass phrase on all the devices in your wireless network. WPA data encryption is based on a WPA master key. The master key is derived from the pass phrase and the network name (SSID) of the device. It provides improved data encryption and stronger user authentication. The mode of WPA supported no your device is called Pre-Shared Key (PSK), which allows you to manually enter a type of key called a pass phrase. WWW World Wide Web Also called (the) Web. Collective term for all web sites anywhere in the world that can be accessed via the Internet.
錯誤! 尚未定義樣式。 User’s Guide Glossary 119 Index ADSL cable, 16 ADSL port, 16 Connectors rear panel, 14 Default configuration, 22 Eth-0 interface defined, 22 Ethernet cable straight-through vs crossover, 76 Features, 9 Front panel, 13 Hardware connections, 15, 16 IP configuration static IP addresses, 65 LAN port default IP information, 65 LEDs, 13 troubleshooting, 76 Network interface card, 9 Notational conventions, 11 Parts checking for, 12 Password recovering, 77 PC Configuration static IP addresses, 65 Rear Panel, 14 Static IP addresses, 65 System requirements:, 9 Telephone, 16 Typographical conventions, 11 Web browser requirements, 9

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